davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
TO INCREASE THE VOLUNTEER FORCE
ENLISTMENT OF TEN THOUSAND MORE FROM

THE COUNTRY AT LARGE PROPOSED
Washington April 29.-The House COMMITTEES on
Military Affairs agreed to-day TO report favorably
an amendment TO the Volunteer bill providing FOR
nm Increase OF thirteen thousand men with special
qualifications. instead OF the three thousand pro-
vided in the Volunteer bill n enacted This change
amends the last proviso OF Section the bill
authorizes the Secretary OF War 10 organize COM
pahes troops, battalons regiments possessing
special quanhcattOn- from the Nation large.
eNCer ing sixteen thousand. under the rules and
,tSuIat lons or the War department. This increase
VII allow three thousand men 10 be used for the
COWBOY organizations. and the remainder vii, fur
nlsh chance 70 arm battalions OF engineers and
Tor the enlistment 81 immunes
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
FIRED on BY THE PANTHER.
AN AMERICAN SCHOONER DID NOT SHOW HER
COLORs PROMPTLY ENOUGH.

COLORs PROMPTLY ENOUGH
Brunswick Ga April 29--Because she neg
lerted to Az the American flag az sea when
called on to do so the schooner Addie NJ. An
derson. Captain Taylor fred on of Hatteras
by the United States transport Panther
The Anderson arrived here to-day from New
York and CAPTAIN Taylor reports sighting the
Panther bound for Key West. with Sp ma
rines aboard The transport sgnaled the
schooner to show her colOrs, but Captain ray
lor did not respond Orders u heave 10 were
also disregarded The Panther fired solid shot
across the schooner's bows. followed by an
other with the desired effect Captain Taylor
saws the Partners commander gave rim a warm
lecture on the dangers OF dsregaring his or
ders.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
g GRANr.s NEPHEw oFFERs sEEvIcE-

Chicago April % Lieutenant Bane G. Dent.
retired naval officer. received orders to-day
mort nj once on board the training ship Constella-
,ion now al Newport r. T. Lieutenant Dent Is a
renieU n, Genera! Grant He rendered h.s services
20 Secretary Long and his offer was Immediately
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
,Avr1 DID xor SIGHT SPANISH wARsHrps

The statemcn, published yesterday. that the
steamship Havcl had sighted . Spanish fleet 90
the Azores o. her voyage 10 New-York which end
ed Thursday positively denied NJ the OH OF the
North German Lloyd Company. which owns the
vessel |: added that the Have!s course was
nowhere near The Azores
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30

Machias Me. April 29-The United States
steamship Minneapolis sailed al go ?. m.
bound west. destination unknown.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30

7 I
Savannah. April 29-The Norwegian steamship
Orange arrived this morning from Matanzas she
had on board nifty Cuban refugees, women and
children but no men. She was boarded by
crew from the United States ship Cincinnati
after she left Matanzas The Orange Is now a.
Quarantine
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
prc1-IAr1oNs REGARDING SPIES.
~ nrATH SENTENCE ON HE LNE7-7 III " -
OFT THE PRESIDENTS APPROVAL.

o--r The PRESIDENTS APPROVAL"
Washington. April % (speciap.-Rumors
-.ocbed The Navy Department to-day mat
.auo- had been summarily ,ourt-martaileo ana
sho, on the monitor Puritan for haThE S0'eN
s..srioiouslv in the hold OF that vessel "l'h 'he
-, ,r,an,ion Of picking the lock OF the
sfa~ ~, the powder magazine and blowing up
ne chin The excitement caused by the report
vas merely MONETARY 70 officers and others al
~ .ar,i,i,r with the articles ~ war ~ ne Army
and NAVY. which are similar Article ''' OF 'ns
Naval Articles provides that n"
The CONTINENTAL extended TO loss oI ne s'H,
w. ca~-.od into execution until confirmed ny
the President 49, C,,; War y was
- ~, -. moot rner orfhand and make them
taI. the plank bat since Mldshlpn1TSn Ti ,.Iao
c,-encer son 81 he Secretary 81 " a., "as
.~rnq nm IRON the yard of an -A'neT r,-
sb,r - witch he was attached in havana hap,
tor &C a rasui, % hOysh caprice ga FoiIIs ~
-, summary death sentences IN TIE amen
- se-,.ice haze been made Illegal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
CAMpANIA SAW NOTHING OF THE PARIS
THE BIG CtNARDER KEEP SHARP LOOKOUT


Queenstown April % Tho Curard Line 'teamer
Campsnia Captain Walke-. which lef' N""-fork
or April % FOR Liverpool. via this port arrived
here this morning shortly before O'Clock zap
tain Walker reports tina he did nor sight n" Amor
lean Liner Paris. Captain Watkins. when tt~
Spauiards understood 10 10 attempting 10
CAPTURE
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
ViO-ViOlet
Lundborg's-
has the natural
fragrance Of
Spring Violets

from the yard until the boats to he
manned by them ready. In this way they VIII
grow up with their charges" as Commander
Stayton put
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
THE CENTURY CO., n. Y.

this is discredited by the members 81 the eau
Gus They say that. while Mr. German made no
explanation his reason for retirement Is FOUND
IN the fact that mis- term of once VIII expire
rexr March and he desires 10 give more os his
time between now and then 70 his private busi-
ness than he has done in the past
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30

tlery, TO be commanded by Captain Waldron II
also being formed It's services will be offered 20
General Butterfeld who will command volunteer
regiment.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
THE ASCENT
OF THE
ENCHANTED MESA.
Nv z w Hndgn Of the Z

A striking account OF the Great Mesa. on the
top Of which the author claims TO have dscov~
cred traces 81 Pueblo habit atoms. With many
beautiful illustrations by Fernand Lungrcn.
who writes an interesting supplemental paper
on "Old Mesa Life"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
Mr.. GAGE EXPLAINS HIS BOND PLAN.
u 10 APPROVED BY THE CABINET WITH SOME
MINOR CHANGES

Washington. April 29-At the Cabinet meet
ing to-day Secretary Gage explain ed his plan
for making effective the popular loan feature
% the new bond issue. and with the exception
u one or two minor changes the plan was
approved As soon the new act passes Con-
gross the Secretary will issue prospectus
covering al the points involved and giving 70
the public all necessary information.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
THE MAY
CENTURY


Now ready everywhere very full numbes.
with special cover in gold and colors. ny Lun.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
SUBMARINE
PHOTOGRAPHY
BY Prof. Louis Boutau

A description Of the authors recent important
experiments. accompanied ~ reproductions OF
photographs taken under the NJ various
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
FOG SIGNALS SILENCED.
DARKNESS AND SILENCE Al THE HARBoR GATES
NOW ASSURED.

NOW ASSURED
Following up the order by the ligh ihonse board
printed Yesterday morning. additional measures o.
Drecaution were taken yesterday and un'ii 'ur'Aer
notice no, ONLY vii the harbor lights be out hN'
the COX signals vii. remain silent b--we-n ? m
and a.
The oNHcia. notice issued Yesterday BY Daptain
shepard Inspector for the Third District. covering
The harbor OF New-York and its approaches, IS Az
follows
NEW YORK LOWER BAY. LIGHTS EXT1N-
GUIsHED AND FOG SIGNALS SILENT
AT NIGHT.
Notice Is hereby glen that; until further adrer-
tiseneni the following -named lights vii ne eN-
tiuguished and fog signals Will no. 10 operated az
all Dt ween the hours Of ? n. and a. m uH'fs
fog. they VII be sounded daily between the hours
o; a. m. and j.
Fort Tompkns light
Norion's Point ,Coney Island light and fosoel.
Romer ShOal beacon Night
Old Orchard shOal Aghi and togbell
Princes Bay light.
North Hook beacon. Sandy Hook light and steam
siren
Conover and Chapel Hi beacon iignts-Range
for Main Channel. upper part.
Point Comfort and Waackaack beacon ngh'r-
Range for Main Channe.. lower part.
Al the electrc-light buoy Lights and the gas buoy
lights
4 portion OF this notice published on the
18Th inst
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30

NAVAL SUPPLIES on THE PENfNSrLAR.
The Portuguese steamer Peninsular which ar
rived yesterday from LISBON nrousht 'a'so ~
- - .,.~.s ~ merchandise marked Commanding
* I? s 5 Bancroft" and consigned 70 a s.
Ea,nv Paw Director l. 5. y.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
RAILWAY CROSSINGS
IN EUROPE
AND AMERICA.

BY Franklin b. Locke. Showing what has
been done toward the abolition Of grade-cross-
ings and giving comparison ~ railway CASUAL
ties on the two continents. With beautiful Illus
trations by Potthast. Pape. F-cser. ant
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30

VOLUNTEERS AT ROCKAwAY BEACH.
A company OF volunteers has been recruited al
Rocka way Beach Long Island. to be commanded
~, William McVay They will enlist In the
LAFAYETTE Post Brigade company Of light
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
A STRIKING
ORY-SKETCH BY
THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH.

His Grace, the Duke. q characteristic pe.
per. full Of quaint humor and Imaginative
touches. most unusual subject.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
A STATESMAN
OF RUSSIA, BY
AMBASSADOR WHITE.

charming character sketch % the most In
fuential parsonage in Russia. Constantine Pobe-
donostzeF Procurator OF the Holy Synod, who
is called the "Torquemada OF the Nineteenth
Century" and 4 Father Ivan, the miracles
worker. With portraits
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-30
EXTINGUIsH1NG HARBOR LIGHTS.

SHORE LIGHTS AT BOSTON WILL ALSO BE PIT
OUT AT DISCRETION OF HARBoR
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04
UNGALLANT COLLEGE STUDENTS
so Rough with Cold That She Is Lamed
for Life.

Iowa City, Ia. Jan. 31.-Twenty-three
members of the sophomore class have
been suspended from the State uni
versity for the part they took in pre-
venting the annual freshmen banquet
held two weeks ago. On the night ap-
pointed for the banquet a number Of
freshmen including three young ladies,
were abducted forcibly, put into car
riages and driven away into the coun-
try While the ladies were being forced
into the carriage one of them had the
tendons of her knee loosened in the
struggle, and she will be crippled for
life.
The faculty has been investigating
the matter, and as a result twenty
three of the sophomores were suspend
ed Saturday for the remainder of the
year. Among those let out is the crack
hall player of the college, and ath-
letic circles are deeply stirred up over
tha matter,
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04
BLADDER TROUBLES.

The blad, er was created for one purpose,
namely, receptacle tor the urine, and as
such II is not liable to any form of disease
except by one of two ways. The first way
is from imperfect action of the kidneys.
The second way Is trom careless local treat
ment of other diseases.
Sample Sent Free.
Unhealthy urine from unhealthy kidneys
Is the chief cause of bladder troubles. 1t Is
comforting TO know that DIR. kilmers
Swamp. Root fulhl.s every wish In quickly
curing bladder and urinary troubles. 1t
corrects frequent calls, inability to hold
urine and scalding OF singing pain in pass
ing 1t, or bad effects following use Of liquor,
wine or beer, and overcomes that unpleasant
necessity of being compelled to get up
many times during the night to urinate
The mild and extraordinary effect OF Dr.
Kilmer's Swamp Root is soon realized. IL
stands the highest for its wonderful cures
of the most distressing cases. Ii you need
medicine you should have the best. AT
druggists fifty cents and one dollar. You
may have a sample bottle and pamphlet,
both sent free by mail. Mention The
TIMES and send your address to DIR. Kilmer
& Co, Binghampton, n. Y. The pro-
prietors of this paper guarantee the genuine
ness OF this offer.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04

the declaration by Rhea or Kentucky
that one OF the hottest places in hades
was reserved for John Sherman. The
resolution was defeated by a vote of
1872 to 1872, Speaker Reed having himself
recorded in the negative. No other
business was transacted.
Washington, Feb. I'm the course of
personal statement in the senate yes
terday, regarding criticisms of his vote
on the Teller silver resolution, Clark
(Rep) Of Wyoming declared his vote
entirely consistent with Republicanism
and the st. Louis platform, and defied
anybody to read him out of the party.
No important business was done in open
session. In executive session Plat Of
Connecticut argued for the Hawaiian
treaty and Pettigrew and White In OPP
position thereto.
The house spent most of the day on
the District of Columbia bill, getting on
to politice just before adjournment,
when the bill was still pending.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04
How to Make Game Salad.

Take three-.luarters of a pound of any
kind of cold game, 2 lettuces, tea
spoonful of minced chives, little mus
tard and cress, an endive, large sour
apple, hard boiled eggs, a teaspoonful
of prepared mustard, tablespoonful of
date vinegar, the usual seasonings and
half a cupful of cream. Wash and thor
oughly dry the lettuce, pull into small
pieces and place in salad bowl with
the game, chives, endive and the peeled
and thinly sliced apple. Make dressing
Of the yolks Of the eggs, the mustard,
pepper, salt, oil and vinegar. Pour this
over the salad and mix all thoroughly.
Put the cream over the top and sprinkle
with the mustard and cress and small
fragments of the boiled whites of eggs
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04
CONGRESS IN BRIEF.
lynopsis Of the Proceedings of the Na-
tt0nal Lawmakers.

uonal Lawmakers.
Washington, Jan. 29-The senate yes
terday passed the Teller silver resolu-
tion by vote of AZ ayes to 32 noes. The
resolution declares all bonds of the
United States payable, principal and in
terest, in silver dollars, and that such
payment Is not violation of public faith
nor in derogation of the rights of public
creditors. Adjourned to Monday.
The house passed the bill to pay the
Methodist church south $2SS 600 for dam
ages done its publishing house at Nash
Willie during the war. A night session
was held at which twenty-nine private
pension bills were passed.
Washington, Feb. ii. NJ. McLaurin
was sworn in as a member of the SEN
ate from South Carolina yesterday. The
bill to pay all pensioners $40 per month
who are not getting that much now was
reported adversely. The army and leg
islative, executive and judicial appro
priation bills were passed, the latter be-
ing so amended as TO protect soldier
employees of the pension department in
case Of reduction Of the force in that bu-
reau.
Under a special rule closing the de-
bate at S p. m. the house took up the
Teller silver resolution. The only SEN
sational incident of the discussion was
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04
How to.,,reAs SCAM Loolss.

Cut into different available lengths
all the hair except just enough to mako
one loop, which, fastened with hand
some comb and backed by an aigret,
loop OF ribbon or bow. will take the
place of coil. The short lengths should
'hen be curled, waved and pulled. In
Ghis way the head will be loosely dress
ed and the effect required will be Sc
cured.
1t seems accepted that the outline of
the head at the back must not be fol-
lowed. In case of the much to be de-
sired stacks the great coils or loose
loops sufficiently disguise at that point,
but where the hair is thin the outline
must be hidden by fiutfed out locks.
Fluff does not mean what it used to
mere dryness and feathery lightness will
not do now The round of each ringlet,
the curve of each puff, must shine. This
means that the hair must be absolutely
clean and that it must then be brushed
or dressed to gloss
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04
Mortgage Sale

Default having been made in the conditions of
a certain mortgage made by George w. Billiard
and Mary Il. Billiard, his wife. OF the township
OF Venice, ShiawaSsee county, Michigan mort
gagors, to The First State and Savings Is INK
of Flushing, Michigan, u corporation organized
under the general banking laws of the state of
Michigan, MORTGAGE, dated the 9th day of Sept
ember, A. ID. 1895, and recorded in the office of
the Register OF Deeds, for the county OF Shia
wassee and State Of Michigan, on the 7tb day of
September, A. ID. 1895, in Liber SO of Mortgages
on page 566, 667 and b68. 1t being expressly
agreed in said mortgage that should any de-
fault be made in the payment OF interest or any
part thereof when the same became due and
payable, and should the same rem ain unpaid
for the space OF sixty days, then after the lapse
to declare the principal sum OF said mortgage
and all arrearsges OF interest thereon immedi-
ately due and payable; and the installment OF
interest on said mortgage due September 9th,
1897, as well as previous installments OF inter-
est due thereon, having remained unpaid for
the space of sixty days, the said mortgage has
elected to declare the principal sum secured by
said mortgage with all arrearages of interest
due and payable on which mortgage there Is
claimed To oe due at the date of this notice the
sum Of twenty-five hundred and forty eight dol
lars and seventy-one cents (S22i8 ~, and an at
torneys fee OF twenty We dollars, provided for
In said mortgage, and allowed by statute, and
no suit or proceedings either at law or in equity,
having been instituted to recover the moneys
secured by said mortgage. or any part thereof;
Now, therefore, by vi rtue OF the power OF sale
contained in said mortgage, and the statute
in such case made and provided, notice is here
4 by given that on Monday, the l4th day or March,
A. D. 1898, at one O'Clock In the afternoon, there
will be sold at public auction to the highest bid
der, at the front door OF the court house in the
city OF Corunna. In the county OF Shiawassee,
State of Michigan chat being the place where
the circuit court for Shiawassee county Is hold
en-, the premises described in sa mortgage,
or so much thereof as may be necessary to pay
the amount due on said mortgage, with seven
per cent interest from this date and all legal
costs, together with an attorneys fee of twenty
five dollars covenanted for therein, the premises
being described In said mortgage as all that GER
tain lot, piece and parcel of land situate in the
township of Venice, In the county OF Shiawas-
see and State of Michigan, and known and de-
scribed as follows: The west half tH) OF the
west half (x) of the northeast quarter 10 and
the east half (x) of the east half ~ OF the
nortbwestquarter (k) of section number eleven
QD, township seven Cd north of range four
(D east containing eighty (SO) acres OF land,
more or less.
Dated Dec. 9th, 1897.
THE FIRST STATE AND SAVINGS BANK OF
FLUSHING, MICHIGAN, Mortgage.
+. p. Sayre, Atty. for Mortgage.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04

Outstanding between President Dole and
President Mckinley. in order that they
may act In harmony when thousands of
miles apart. There is no cable between
this country and Honolulu. If the pend
ing treaty should not be ratified,
President Dole is likely to take some ac-
ton which Will warrant the comman-
der of one or our naval vessels in run
ming up the stars and stripes in Pearl
harbor, to protect our interests. That
would settle the matter. Under the
Mckinley administration the flag
would never be taken down"
DUNBAR.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1898-02-04
Supplies From Michigan.


Senator Mcmillan is very proud OF the
fact that a Michigan firm has secured
the contract for furnishing the govern
ment printing office with a large
amount of supplies for the coming
year The senator's influence was ex
erted to a good effect.
Just before his confirmation to be as
sociate justice. Attorney General
McKenna highly complimented M. c.
Burch of Grand Rapids by selecting
him to be a special attorney for the
federal government in the prosecution
of a large mining company In South
Dakota, for having taken upwards of
81, 900, 900 worth of timber from public
reservations, i'm violation of law The
mining company has employed the best
obtainable legal talent, and none but a
good lawyer could have been selected to
represent the government.
The daily mail from Michigan Is ca
gerly received by our senators and rep
resentatives. They are reading the
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1898-07-14
A SHOOTING sCRAPE
 CAUSES THREE DEATHS
One Man Hnled In fhe Eight and One Man and a Woman Die From
 the Effects of ihe shock.


 Little Rock, July Il "A speeial from Van Buren, Aris., says rev of very remarkable coinciient tt isalisaw, 1. T., small station or ihe Kansas and Ar kansas Valley railway, has reaeasd here. A bitter enmity existed between ex-City Marshal Joe Morris and Yfilliem Ali son. The trouble culm;nated Tuesday afternoon when Morris shot Allison, killing him instantly. John Sellers, a spectator to the trAgedy, se ing Allison fall dead, threw u9 his hands, fell fer. ward on his face and was dead from heart disease before medical attention could be summoned Mrs. Allison, the aged erandmother 1.-the murdered man. was told of fine tragedy aud, parsiai.y arising from her chair she fell l ,lAafsl on the hocr and was d9ai paf9re tsae family conld carry hes to Ter ] q.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1898-07-14
Spanish officers Go to Annapoli

Portsmouth, N. H, July 14.-he cruiser St. Louis, which broughthe Spanish prisoners into this port on n- day, will leave for Annapolis tRy with Admiral Ceryera and the Ger Spanish officers who have been orded there as prisoners of war. The Spash captiyes who were landed on Seav 5 island have made themselves at hQe, and most of them spent the day in ly- ing cards or other favorite games.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1898-07-14
YELLOW FEVER NEAR
 THE AMERICAN TROOPS
The Dread Fever Breaks Gut In se' eral Towns Near Santiago, but
 Every Precautjon Taken.

Copyrighted ls9s, by the Associated Press.
 Playa del Este, July l8. .--The know presence ef yellow fever at Caimsners Guantanamo and other towns in the ' cinity Of Camp McCalla, and along u coast, has resulted in the establishmc1 of strict quarantine.
 Hereafter no communication will i allowed with the north s;de of the ba and no one permitted to land from ve sels entering the harbor here without special permit from the commandin officer. This may result in considerab inconvenience to the newspaper dispate boats. It also cuts off communicate with the insurgents around Guantani mo under General Peres and tic reg ment of Colonel Thomas.
 The rules will also be rigidly enforce at Camp McCalla although the geners health of the American marines is T markedly good.
 The Spaniards in and around Ca menera have been showing great aetivit during the last two or three days an their forces there have been apparent increased from Guantanamo The bolt ness of the American launches in ven pring up beyond the port and the pre- ence of q large number Of warships the lower bay have evidently led tf spaniards to believe that an attack planned at that place.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1898-07-14
May Want samoan Islands.

Berlin July 14 .--The yossischelei tung foreseeing that after the anlka- ton of Hawaii, it is possible thathe United States may attempt to acdre the Samoan islands also," says:
 America has practically no rlgh i'll Samoa, and Germany's voice must ink before Americas in the future fat of the islands. Germany will, therere, take care that her interests are protded in the final settlement. ,
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1898-07-14
All the Cabinet Has Resia.nea.

Madrid, July II, via Bayonne, Frant July B. Ali the Spanish nliniste have handed their resignAtions 10 f premier, Senor Sagasta, who has { plained the situation to the queen j gent, but the difficulty is that nobody willing to accept the premiership. M; shal Martinez de Campos would acce it but be does not command majori of the chamber of deputies. While t military party urges war large pl portion of the civil population is desire of peace.