Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-06-07
THE PLANNING FOR PEACE.
Belief that Spain is Looking to Way Of Open.
ing Negotiations.
How Past Wars OF the United States Have
Been Closed by Restoring
Order.

Washington, June I'm view of the
growing belief that Spain is seeking to
initiate n peace movement, the prece-
are being looked into. They disclose
many interesting features in the negoti-
atoms following wars in which the
United States has engaged. The peace
negotiations closing the revolutionary
war came about In n romantic manner
Franklin and Kay were living in Paris
at the time, having succeeded In enlist
ing the active assistance of France
Among Franklin's neighbors was
Madam Britton. with whom the famous
statesman and scientist formed a fast
friendship. Nine. Britton spent the
summer at Nice. where she met several
English noblemen. among whom was
Lord Cholmondely. The latter, on
| learning that she was friend of
! Franklin asked for note OF introduce
ton to him. saying he would call and
drink tea with him at Passey. The
| letter was given, and Franklin and
| Lord Cholmondely We're brought to-
gcther on friendly terms. His lord
| ship stated that he was an intimate
| friend of Lord Shelburn, who had just
I
| ministry, and it was suggested that
| Franklin write a letter to Lord Shell
| burn, which Lord Cholmondely under
| took to believer in person. Acting un-
| der the suggestion, Franklin wrote Il
| brief letter, expressing the wish that Il
general peace" might be brought
about, But he was careful TO avoid
| betraying any anxiety or hope that the
! peace would Immediately take place.
| Franklin felt sure of his ground, as
~
We're much disturbed, The letter was
very welcome to Lord Shelburn, as 1t
| arrived just after a serious upheaVal
| in the British parliament, The minis
/ try of Lord North, which had conduct
| ed the war. narrowly escaped vote
| of censure, and 1t gave place to a MIN
| istry favorable to the recognition OF
| American independence. Lord Shell
| burn had not wished to initiate the
| movement, but Frankln's letter paved
tho way, and as Il result formal nego-
| tiations We're opened between Frank
| lin and Lord Shelburn, leading to the
recognition OF American Independence
and the conclusion of peace with the
| American colonies
The peace negotiations after the war
| of 1872 were more formal in character
| After the war began, President Madl-
| son took the first step toward restor-
ing peace and in message to Congress
on Nov. 4, 1872, he said:
Anxious to bridge the evils from
which Il state of war cannot be eX-
empt, l lost no time after 1t had been
declared in conveying to the British
government terms on which its prog
ress might be assisted"
The terms proposed by Madison
were that Great Britain vacate the
orders in council on blockades and on
| the impressment of American scamen-
| The movement came to naught.
| no nj
| step to restore peace. He first ad-
dressed an application to John Quincy
Adams, our minister to st. Petersburg.
suggesting that he would act as medi-
ator. The proposition was forwarded
10 the state department at Washing
ton through the Russian minister. 1t
was accepted by the United States and
Messrs. Bayard, Gallatn and Adams
received instructions on April 10. 1913,
to proceed to st. Petersburg. Their
instructions began:
your first duty will be to conclude
a peace with Great Britain"
The terms of peace Were the same as
Madison has previously specified, but
these We're not Indispensable condl-
tons.
Great Britain declined the overture.
however and Lord Castlereags wrote to
the state department suggesting direct
negotiations. Accordingly Henry Clay
and Jonathan Russell were added to
the peace committee, receiving new in
structions January rs, 1914, British
commissioners We're appointed ana
the commission met at Client August
S. The British presented four points;
the Americans three. Among the
British points was that relating to the
maintenance Of warship on the Great
Lakes, which has since become an es-
tablished practice. The peace treaty
was finally agreed to December "a,
1914.
During the Mexican war, while hos
tnities were sim in progress. the CHIEF
clerk of the state department Nicholas
f. Trlst. was sent to Mexico to open
negotiations for peace. He was in
structed to demand the cession of New
Mexico and California. These terms
were rejected by Mexico. Thereupon
the United States recalled Trist Thls
caused much agitation in McNico for
1t was feared the United States would
adopt very aggressive steps Trist
had not acted on the recall, but had re-
manned in Mexico. He succeeded. as
as result of the change In the feeling,
in making IA treaty of peace, known
as the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo,
on February 4. lS4S.