The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-02-26

ferers from the outrage. AS the ren,,,lic
was willing to grant full reparation. the
naval expedition did not exert the force
II was prepared to use in case a refusal
had been offered
When the facts of the expedition were
reported to the American Congress the
president stated that the dispatch of this
formidable naval fleet had had a saIutarv
ihnuence throughout the word and had
convinced foreign nations that the United
states would protect the lives of its citi-
zens with all the force at its command.
Ihe case of the firing on the United
states ship Chesapeake by the British ship
Leopard is another case affording a prece-
Gent as TO the governments mode of ac-
ton. The Chesapeake was proceeding to
sea when she was0 hailed by the COM
mander of the Leopard with a demand
that British deserters, said to be in the
hold of the Chesapeake be surrendered.
The American commander refused to
comply, whereupon the Leopard first fired
shot across the bow of the Chesapeake
ana followed this with two broadsdes.
The American commander was severely
wounded three sailors We're killed out
| right and many were wounded. Being un.
prepared for action, 1t being a time of
peace, the American commander hauled
down his coors aud surrendered.
Tremendous excitement prevailed in the
| United States over the outrage. Presi-
dent Madison speedily issued a proclama-
! tion excluding from American ports all
British warships. He also caused ener-
| getic protests and demands to be present
| ed at London. The British authorities
| promptly disavowed the action, recalled
| the admiral under whom the outrage had
! been perpetrated and without request ten
! dered indemnity sufficient to support the
wives and families of all those that had
| been killed and wounded.
Later, the ship Prometheus was fired
! upon in the harbor of Greytown. The
ship had declined to pay excessive port
| charges imposed by the King of the
! Mosquito country then controlling the
! country under a British protectorate The
King called on the British warship, Ex-
| press, to sustain his demands and the Ex-
| press promptly sent broadside into the
| Prometheus. There were no persons kill
| ed or injured, but the United States made
prompt demand for reparation. The
| British government gave this in the full
est manner and without a question. dis
avowing the act and condemning the Of
| ficer of the Express.
Displays of force were resorted to by
| the United States in 1852 against Japan
| and in 1858 against Java. In the case of
| ly handled in Japanese ports and the ma
tive courts failed TO give adequate redress
| naval expedition was sent to Japanese
| waters and this had the effect of secur-
ing the fullest apology, and also an agree
ment by which every protection was
| guaranteed to American citizens and prop
! erty in Japan.
In the case of Java the Secretary OF
the Navy sent a large naval force TO the
waters of Java TO demand that the native
! trial courts should give the fullest protec-
tion to Americans. The expedition was
successful in its purpose, and all the as
! surances desired were given.
In 1915 seven Americans were killed Snd
| about sixty were wounded while they were
! being detained in the British prison at
| Dartmoor. This was brought on by a
! clamor for rations, which was resisted by
the prison guard. The United States de-
manded explanation and suitable repara-
tion and the British government complied
by an indemnity for the support of the
| families of those killed and wounded.
There are quite a number of recent cases
the latest being that of the German occu-
patton of Kiao-Chau for the outrages COM
mitted by Chinese on German missona-
ries. In that case the German govern
ment acquired as indemnity a large por-
ton of Chinese territory, as well as one
of the most valuable strategic ports of
China.
The principle of money indemnity for the
killing of foreigners has been recognized
in several recent cases in the United
States One of those was the killing of
Italians at New orleans by a mob. In
that case, while the United States did not
admit the responsibility of the federal gov
ernmeut for the act of the mob, yet indem-
nifty was paid out of the federal treasury
as a matter of international comfy and
equity. Similar action was taken in in
Identifying China for her subjects killed
at Rock Springs.
In the case of the Virginlus, a large
money indemnity was paid.
! Demands by the United States are now
pending against Turkey for the burning
of American missionary property in Tur-
key during the Armenian outbreak. There
are many individual claims against Spain,
including the Ruiz case, and that of DR..
| Degado, now pending.
President Buchanan adopted the proce-
dure of reprisal in 1859. This is a meas
ure just short of war. Mexico was charg-
ed at that time with asserting to spoila-
ton along the United States border, Pres
ident Buchanan asked Congress for au-
thority to send military force to secure
indemnify as diplomatic negotiations had
| failed to bring redress from Mexico. This
! course was adopted by Congress and the
preparations for the military reprisal soon
brought about satisfactory adjustment.
Non-intercourse with Great Britain was
| one of the measures adopted against Great
Britain in 1905 in what was known as the
non-intercourse act in stopping associa-
tions which up to that time had caused
| many complications.
Embargo has been resorted to as meas
IRE of offense against foreign nations
short of war, the purpose being to prevent
the shipping of supplies needed by the Of
| Tending nation.
At the Spanish legation dispatch was
received to-day from Gen. Blanco refer
ring 10 commercial questions and mem
tioning incidentally that no change OF
any kind has occurred in aifairs at Ha-
| Vana it,.
Gen. Balneos latest statement is bellev-
cd at the legation to refer to the lack OF
deanite and trustworthy news pending The
nrivate inquiry now being prosecuted by
The American and Spanish authorities. In
View Of this attitude of those whose Off
cial nositlon gives them the best opportu-
nitv for full information, Senor Dubosc
! and his associates do not credit the re-
| norts of discoveries tending to estaDlish
| he cause of the Maine disaster
The commercial negotiations have been
,..t 1o-t sigbf of during recent eX-