The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1898-05-22
HOW WARS gHREBENDED!
Negotiation Of Peace Is
d Long and tedious
Process --- Some
Historic To-
stances.

killed On either side during the lombard
fneht. One soldier OF the garrison MAS
sno-talIy injured on the day Of surrender
by the bursting OF a gun while nring q
salute 10 the Star-Spsngied Banner before
lowering II. This man, net killed in bat
tie. was the first victim Of the civil war
The surrender OF Gen Lee On April ..
lssa, at Ap2omattox courthouse virtually
terminated the war. The surrender of Cen
Johnston TO Sherman followed seventeen
days later. and thud 1hs two principal
armies Of the Confederacy were disbanded.
There were some minor collisions after
April 9. the last being fought on the Rio
Grande. Ia Texas. May Il. The transmits
sissipp. army of the Confederacy, the last
IN the field. was surrender by kirby Smith
on May Is.
Universal disbandment Of the Confeder-
ate forces led TO the assumption On the
part OF tie Federal government that the
war was over. and during ls55 the larger
part Of It's own army was mustered out.
BY proclamation on April ?, lsso. the war
was declared at an end in all the seeded
states except Texas, ard on August 20 OF
the same year It was declared a, an end
in Texas.
On May ., 1855. the president issued an
amnesty proclamation. excluding from its
benefits fourteen classes of those most
prominent In the Confederacy. This was
followed ~ others on September :, 1867;
July 4. 1855, and December 3. ises, the last
making the amnesty universal
The blockade Of ali ports in the Southern
states was removed by presidential proc
iamai.on Of June q, 1856, while one OF Au-
gust 3 following annulled all restrictions
upon trade with them
But X Is not alone on this side Of the
water that wars have been le!sureiy ended.
In Europe the same conditions have pre-
vailed, as indeed they have everywhere.
The laborate machinery must be stopped
slowly, and ii IS unlikely that any rapid
method for accomplishing this purpose
VIII ever be devised.
The so-called Spanish succession" TO the
Castiiian throne served as a pretext for
Napoleon Ill, who desired to bind himself
and his government to the hearts OF the
people and to cause them to forget GER
tain conditions by a termination of their
martial spirit. 10 make war upon Ger
many. The French reserves were called
10 arms on July Is, 1870. and four days
later the French declaration Of war was
handed In at Berlin. The Germans, how
ever, were ready, waiting and anxious for
the fray.
On August 2 there was the first engage
ment, resulting In the evacuation of Saar-
brucken by the Germans, but this was
followed by a series OF French disasters,
which terminated az Sedan. In four weeks
there were eight battles fought, resulting
In the practica. collapse OF the Napoieonic
dynasty.
Finally the Germans invested Paris, and
the bombardnent of that unhappy city
continued from January 70 to %, 1871. when
an arDlstIce was declared. All hostilities
were 10 be suspended on the evening o:
the 2sth inst. so far as Paris was con-
cerued, and all ways Of ingress were to De
thrown open. A general armistice OF
twenty-one days was TO begin from jan
uary 81. The regular forces Of the Paris
garrison-troops OF tha line. marines and.
gardes mobiles-iaid down their arms,
only 1000 men and the national guard be-
ing allowed 20 retain them for the preser-
walton of order. The garrison was in
termed for the time OF armist4ce and after
ward regarded prisoners. They were
not transferred 10 Germany. because every
possible place was already overlooking
with cap;ives. The forts were occupied on
the 18th without opposition. The blockade
OF Paris lasted 132 days and the greater
part of the German forces then detained
outside the walls were released TO end the
war IN the open field.
sF.ghting still continued IN other parts of
France. but with the capital city in the
hands OF the enemy heiligerent operations
were comparative inactive and wholly flu
tile. On February Is a dennitiye treaty
was signed at Versailles. declaring the war
a. an end. the French provisional govern
ment accepting the humiI.ations Germany
imposed upon the conquered country They
were obliged TO surrender Lorraine ard
Alsace, with the exception of Belfort. and
TO pay a war indemnity Of five m.iiiard
francs or s. GO 90 90 As long as Ger
man troops remained on French soil they
were fed at the expense OF France. An
other armsstice was prolonged 10 March
y. hut il was in the option OF either Of the
two powers 10 end 1t after March by Civ
ing three days notice.
There was a parade % the German
forces in certain streets OF Paris or March
l. by which the Emperor William avenged
the sights placed upon his mother Queen
Louise, by the great Napoleon sixty years
before On March Is the German monarch