The herald., 1898-07-29


are more important and more complex
than between man and any single group of
living organisms. Bacteria cause disease
through the poisons called 'toxines.' which
they secrete. A striking analogy has been
established between the venom Of serpents
and these equally-to-be-feared weapons of
bacteria. 1t might be of interest here to
compare the strength Of some of these tox-
ines, and as the venom of the rattlesnake
is we'll known and much feared poison.
suppose we take it as our standard. en-
pressing others as decimals or multiples of
that unit The toxine found in the human
saliva In small quantities would be repre-
sented by i; rattlesnake venom, l.; cobra
venom, 10; ricin from castor bean. 1910. !:
from the germ of anthrax (carbuncles),
1868; from typhoid fever, 1861; diphtheria,
aoLS; lockJaw, l2939. The reason for such
small organisms causing disease may thus
De understood, and especially so when their
rapidity OF propagation Is taken into con-
sideration, together with the great amount
OF 1000 material, compared with the higher
organisms; e. g., a seed in terminating con-
sumes daily about 2-100 of the weight of the
nourishment within its hull; a dog de-
stroys daily an average of 400 of its
weight In food; man about 2-10O, fowls
about S-1OO of their weight If we compare
'his with microscopic beings, we find that
some of these, like the vinegar plant,
transform about 100 times their weight,
and the majority have far more destructive
e"o,sS.
In experiments carried on in the Univer-
sty of Southern California I have found
that the air of the chapel, just before as
'e"ioiy' ~hen ali was quiet contained ~
Ddo.ei." pei ii.er' "niie just aIter the stu
uen's Aau ilieo out the ar contained sSS
per h'er. NONE OF these germs We're dis
case prooucers' Out II anyone mad earned
such germs tnere they might nave been
.iiseo. anu IL susceptible person mad
preatheo them would nave caused disease.
But TINS susceptibility 10 disease means
inuch' Ahere Is III the healtny Dody
'a.uiai immunity towards al diseases.
S,,t go a 49, s.e mn asa.s. o.nels'
.arr,.,, - w. 49, =. 80. w ,s rne ~,
40 ~ ,s ~ 49, sooa. I',,, -. ~. 'ne
~. 4, a. no. hao,, ri, -. oa g.
~. | 80" "en pl. ,i, ~, Inc re-
orou rh,s rotmra1 ,,,,,,,n,t,- 49,, ~ ,a.1
go 49, ~. a,.an.n - De .,
,,,,n,,ro a.,,,,,,, r,,a ~ fot,.,,o, a,aa,
,a,,araaes al 49, ~ 1870 49, hod,, r,ono
susceptible to disease"
Prof Phillips advocated a strong en-
fcrcement of anti-expectoration on the
pavements laws and in conclusion said:
"Our psychologists are thus finding the
cause for many of the diseases. Andin the
cause, the cure Is also being discovered, for
In those disorders that the germ Is best
known a remedy or anti-toxine is also be-
ing discovered, and it is the hope of those
who have looked upon these germs of dis
ease as the imps of Pandora's box that in
the anti-toxine may be found the far
reaching balm to sooth the aches caused
by them"
Several charts and pieces of bacteriolog-
ical apparatus were USED TO Illustrate the
lecture.
Evening session
There was a large audience last evening.
Mrs. Clapp sang at the prelude and Lee r..
Bassett gave dialect and character read
ings, both of them receiving hearty en-
cores.
Rev. Hugh X. Walker then commanded
the undivided attention of the large audi
ence the balance of the evening with his
lecture on "The Serio Comic Experiences
y Chautauqua Notes