davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09

Some Of the opponents Of Congress
man McCleary are protesting to feel
very much hurt over the absence of
any reference to him in the resolu-
lions adopted by the Republican
county convention a few weeks ago,
and are trying to make out that his
party at home has. gone back on him.
His opponents must be terribly
hard up for something to say
when they have to resort to
such references The Republicans of
Blue Earth county showed what they
thought of Mr.. McCleary last June
when they Unanimously and enthusi-
astically endorsed him for another
term in congress, and backed it up
with solid delegation to the conven-
tion that nominated him.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09

the states, and they will vote without
the dictation of boss, only they are
expected to vote for one of the tickets
sent to them. The introduction of
the polling booth in Manila will be
regarded with interest by the Filipin-
os and Senior Aguinaldo can study the
system to his profit.
This year will be notable one in
our annals in many respects and the
casting of American ballots in Cuba,
Porto Rico and Luzon, will not be the
least of the remarkable events of an
eventful year.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09
MANKATO FREE PRESS
/ lected the following committee;

lected the following committee;
Blue Earth-A. e. Clark.
Faribault-H 81. Gilman.
Lac qui Parle-E. Hoidale.
Lyon-Alex. Anrandt.
Murray-Peter Peterson.
Redwood-T. L. Gilbert. glll
Brown-W. r. Hodges. reN
Jackson-H. K. Rev.
Lincoln-David Jones.
Martin-L,5A A. Sweet.
Rock-I. M. Cody.
Yellow Medicine Sever Olson.
w. G, DAILY was sent around with a
hat to raise IS to pay for the hall.
The collection raised SS.40, and the
balance was turned into the campaign
fund.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09

Andre has .been discovered again.
This time he is wandering around in
the vicinity of Hudson Bay, but by
the time relief party could get
there, it is probable it would be on
the coast Of Greenland or in some
other section that he was located.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09

Gen. Jaudenes notifies the Madrid
government that it will take 10000
men, fleet and no end of supplies to
re-establish Spanish sovereignty in
the Philippines. However Spain
will do well not to be In too great a
hurry in the matter, as the United
States will doubtless relieve her of all
responsibility in that quarter of the
world
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09

The Populists of South Dakota say
that Loucks, who recently left them
and came out for the Republicans,
represents no one but himself. At
the same time they seem fearful that
his letter will have considerable in
fiuence, and are doing everything
they can to break the effect Of it.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09
COMMITTEE MEETS.
Republicans Organize far the Campaign.
ID. S. Evans Secretary.

The Republican county committee
held a meeting at The Saulpaugh
Tuesday. There was full rep
resentation of the committee present
and considerable business was trans.
acted, D. S. Evans, OF this city, was
elected secretary.
G. W. Eichstadt, of the Sixth ward,
was elected member of the commit.
tee in place Of John Polchow, who de-
clined to serve. A Mr.. Kimball was
also elected a member from the town
of Ceresco, in place of Harry Mitchell,
who resigned.
The members of the committee all
reported everything looking bright in
their various localities and the pros
pect for a big Republican victory
steadily improving.
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09

that he wished to reserve him for
chairman of the resolutions commit
tee.
A recess was taken until the resolu-
tions' committee should be ready to
report.
The committee on resolutions was
out an hour or more, and when it re-
turned it presented the following re-
port:
The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1898-09-09

The application of Chas. A. Stevens
& Bros, of Chicago, for leave to file a
claim of S100 against Longini &
Thoms was argued before Judge Sew
erance TuesdeY!a The firm claims
to have had no notice of the order
limiting the time for filing claims.
B. G. Taylor appeared for the firm.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
NEW YORK MARKETS.

New York. Jan. 3.-Money on call firm
at 1895 per cent; last loan 8: closed
1-2QS per cent. Prime mercantile paper
firmer with actual business in bankers
bills al iS77s64.S5 for demand, and
4S2G9s for 60 days: posted rates
4S4Gs4s5 1-2. Commercial bills, Isl; silver
certificates 81 1-4G5S. Bar silver 81 is.
Mexican dollars 46 Ia Government
bonds firm. State bonds dull Railroad
bonds firm
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
CHICAGO FUTURES.

Chicago, Jan. S.--Leading futures
closed as follows: Wheat, January, 9O$s,
May sl1z@5s, July Ss14 Corn. No. ?, Jan.
2s1k, May 2sQ1s. July SO1s QK; Oats. Jan,
q, May z95z. Mess pork, Jan, 9.07 IL.
May 9.32 IL; Lard. Jan. $50. May 4.95;
Short ribs, Jan. 452 IL. May 472 10;
Tallow dull, city 3 So; country 1-2Q3-.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
Help Wanted-FemaIe.
Situations Male.

SITUATIONS WANTED by farm hands,
teamsters, hotel help, man and VIE
green Swede. Mrs. Jones, 40 Main ST.
room II. Tele, 1884
SITUATION WANTED-American man
on farm; also Swedish and Polish help,
IS to 80. al Main st., room O.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04


AM PREPARED for sleighing parties,
for dancing and suppers. Small parties
can call any time. Transients, S1.25 per
day; regular boarders, gentlemen. 81 per
week. Electric cars pass the house. Elm
Tree Inn, Northboro, Mass. Box ia
WILL THE GENTLEMAN, Frank Smith.
who won the turkey at the shooting gal
lery, - Mechanic ST., by making. III
points out of q possible $50 In Is shots,
please caal at the gallery.
FRED H. PIERCE, 81 Summer St., Nc
Tigue,s bell, tells past, present, future
etc Hours, 10 a. m. to p. m. VIII
remain till Feb. l. Positively no longer.
MRS. c, A CHARBONNEAU, dress
MAKER has removed to 81 Oxford st.
FOUND AT LASTLY c. ]. Ainsworth,
the most complete self-instructor in pen
manship that has ever been placed be-
fore the public as patented writing in
stTuctor and is now ready to put on sale
by agents; Is good agents wanted at
once to handle these books; good money
for the right agents. Call and see them /;
II viii be for your interest to do so If
you want to make money. Call from 5
70 p. M, evenings. George F. La
Rock, general agent and manager, IS
Salem St. Worcester, Mass.
IF CONTEMPLATING selling or ex-
changing your house, farm, store or any
reliable business: call on or address w
. KNIGHT, real estate and mortgage
broker, 9OS Main ST., rooms 21-22.
WANTED that have money to
loan to call on me and Investigate mort
cages that l have for sale, and applica-
tons for money on mortgages secured
loaner. ". S. Knight. SOS Main St,
rooms 21-22.
WANTED-To borrow $1,000 on first mort
gage, new property. No brokers. D. D.,
Spy Office.
DELUE'S EXTERMINAToR for reaches
guaranteed to rid hotels, apartment
houses and dwellings. ETC.. for any
length of time. Powder non-poisonous.
2. 3; Brown, Worcester. manager. room
WHEELS-Charles G. Reed, 1919 Front
st; Wood Hub. Warner, Sarven, Archi-
BALD wheels. ETC.; spokes, rims. bows,
shafts; everything In carriage wood
work; odd wheels or sets furnished
same day as ordered
WANT FURNITURE MOVING JOBS
At low. hard-Hme prices; "A and IS
scnool ST; also, goods for storage.
REPAIRING-Remod fur garments
IN the latest styles. at reasonable prices
New England Fur Co.. s. Pleasant st.
MASON BRUSH WORKS. manufacturers
OF cotton and woolen machinery brush
es; also brushes OF all kinds: repairing
PROMPTLY done. $50 Main st.
UMBRELLAS REPAIRED and covered
by Geo d. Kirby & Co., 598 Main. near
Pearl; baby carriage parasols and COW
ering to match suits specially.
F. J PARTRIDGE. NJ L., ~hvsician and
surgeon. Special attention g1eS- - Ns
eases Of throat. heart and lungs. Or1u-
and residence Al Pleasant st Once
hours. to 10. to 4, to 8.
OLD RANGES or parlor heaters taken as
part payment for the National Acorn
Crawford Grand Diamlnd and other
ranges We put our secondhand ranges
In order and sell them cheap. Guy Fur
nittIre Mfg Co.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
Horses. Carriages, etc.

SLEIGH FOR sAI,E,-Dron-bot toy, "a.
ley, a good one. John KervicE fair
grounds. - : 3AHH
FOR SALE CHEAP light sleigh, IRA
verse runner delivery sleigh. 1872 Cream
wood ST. eeh-
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
Wall Papers.

WE CAN SELL you wall papers and hang
them as cheap and as well as any house
in this city. T. A. Peterson Co.. 205
Main st.
Your room papered with gilt paper ard
border. hanging ineluded-our price, $l95
Only 1rst-class, up-to-date goods L. NJ
Nelson, lis Front st.
ELEGANT PAPERS &c. per roll L. NJ
Nelson & Co.. 115 Front St, Worcester,
Mass.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04

II the tissues about the roots ~ ~ -.
become unhealthy, the hair viii Soon + iraan
S 81 KIN, or Iali OF Correct this trouble with
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
Medical Gymnastic.

MASSAGE, medical gymnastic and eiec-
st. Hours, 10-12 a. M, rs D. m. ~ enii
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
HaIrdressing, Etc.

IL MAPLE STREET II Ladies' and chill
aren.s hairdressing parlors large assorf-
ment OF hair goods, switches, puffs' min
Irlzzes, whole or half wigs Bring v61,r
eombings and have a switch made "a nr-
der Fun line Of Minehan's toilet art,-
cies' manicure, pedicure, dyeing ana
phone LID.
moved by electricity; no scarrine ME-
2: Il. Adams, $685. Main ST., room g. g.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04

For hoarseness. loss of voice and al
Iectlons of the vocal organs, the favorita
remedy with many clergymen. sinSers
actors, auetloneers and public Speakers Il
aver Cherry Peetoral. AS an anodvna7
expectorant, its beneficial effects are
promptly realized are
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04

The best appetizer and rag,,1a+,, -
digestive organs is DR.. SiereTetis kns. s,sO
t tfa BlItsTs Try it. but be sure YOU eel
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Business Notices.

Rates for one week or more under this
heading 2is cents per line each Insertion.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04

Deans Rheumatic Pills absolutely cnr.
etabla u ss ana neuralgia. Entirely veas
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
For Sale and Business Chances.

FOR SALE-Saloon business of Donavan
& MeGovern, 2eS Main St, Derby, Conn.
One of the finest and best equipped sa
looms in the Naugatuck valley. Reason
for selling, disagreement Of partners.
Apply 10 John H. Donavan. 49S-440 Howe
ave, Shelton, Conn.
THE WORCESTER BOARD OF TRADE
will furnish information TO parties with
capital in regard to business chances
Call II Foster st.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
S2.OO WiII Paper Your Room

with gilt paper and inch border, | anR-
ing Included. We are enabled TO make
the entire stock Of a large wal1 D 9bef
manufacturer. Painting At very Tow
prices
BOSTON WALL PAPER CO.,
7e Pleasant ~
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
For Sale, Real Estate.
REMOVED.

Rates for one week or more under this
2h cents per line each insertion.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04

BIrTLDTNG Lot ON FRFELANp ST.
High and dry and elesaDt location price
80 cents per foot Kabley, room I'll.
State Mutual building
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04

FOR NABE-A nice farrn OF 50 acreA. 6fX
miles from Worcester INQUIRE OF A. J.
Wsraeid. Congress st. Worcester.
FOR sALF-Real estate Of every descrip-
ton situated In all parts Of the city.
Farrar and Gates SIS Man st.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
Houses Wanted.
For Sale or Repair Clothing.

$1.00 SUIT cleaned and pressed. % M ,,;II-
velvet collar on coat. Upham q Padnla,
dalors 81 Main ST., opp Elm. one
light. Open evenings - Wv
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
To Flats and Houses.

Rates for one week or more under this
heading: 2h cents per line each insertion.
Worcester morning daily spy., 1898-01-04
Rooms With Power.

ROOM with power to let. Dean Whiting
Elevator Co., a School st.
ROOM AND POWER TO LET at Is
Church st. r. L. Colbert.
TO LET-Room with or without power,
at 81 Hermon st Apply to Worcester
Thread Co.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-03-07

than any described In Dante's Inferno
when the air was filled with the flying
fragments OF wreck and men, and the
flash lighting up with lurid glare the city,
the bay, the fortresses, and the rocks.
Lieutenant Jenkins rushed to his gun
and the marine Anthony saluted Captain
Sigsbee as he stepped on deck and said:
Captain. IL is my duty to report that
the ship has been blown up and is sink
ing These two men, standing face to
race, cool and self-possessed, present the
climax OF heroism.
This scene the painter will perpetuate
to stir the heart of future generations
to admiration.
The perfect order, the ready and quick
obedience of the men, the composure OF
the officers, attest beyond all doubt the
thorough discipline of the ship. When
Navarro lost the whole Roman army at
CANINE. he was not degraded from the
consulship, but received a new army, and
was voted a resolution Of thanks by the
Roman Senate for not having "despaired
OF the republic"
SENATOR BOIES PENROSE.
The conduct of the officers and sailors
OF the Maine in the recent appalling ca
tastrophe fully maintained the lofty
standard Of heroism which has always
characterized the American navy.
SENATOR JOHN w. DANIEL.
According to all accounts, the conduct
of Captain Sgsbee and of the officers
and men of the Maine, in the recent ca
tastrophe, was such as might have been
expected frcm trained American seamen,
and highly creditable.
SENATOR j. II. GALLINGER.
Rarely ever in the history of the world
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-03-07
AS OTHERS SEE IT.
LEADING MEN OF THE NATION DIS
CUss THE MAINE DISASTER.
CONSERVATIVE IN THEIR VIEWS.
The Wiser Heads Commend the Pru-
dence of Our officials and Laud
the bravery of Our Seamen--Much
Patriotism.
Patriotism.

The Dispatch presents below the views
which leading men of the nation have
recently expressed concerning the Maine
catastrophe Though a guarded spirit OF
conservatism IS manifest IN nearly
every statement, It is no difficult matter
TO see that the awful accident has ex-
cited the deepest feelings of patriotism
and sympathy:
SENATOR S. b. ELKINS.
/ beg to state that am ready 10 follow
and stand by the President In any course
he may pursue towards Spain. growing
out OF the blowing up Of ting Maine and
out OF the Cuban situation" So far as
the facts are disclosed, do not think
there is any ground for war. War could
only come about on our being satisfied
that Spain was party TO the blowing
up OF the Maine, which | do not believe.
I fully believe the Government Of Spain
will be willing to do whatever is right
In the premises by way Of apology and
Indemnity touching this disaster, If any
responsibility should attach under inter-
national law or otherwise.
EX-PRESIDENT HARRISON.
I beg TO be excused from Offering any
contribution upon the subject l do not
care TO discuss IN any OF its phases the
terrible tragedy that was recently en-
acted in the harbor of Habana at this
time
SENATOR CHARLES II. FAULKNER.
i have so far refused 10 be interviewed
on the subject OF the Maine disaster.
am unwilling 10 give an opinion on a
subject touching which / have such in
defnite Information. i have entire con-
1dence in the Board of Naval officers
hnnointed TO Investigate this great calam-
Nv and whatever may be my opinion
an this subject with the limited informa-
lion now in my possession, will yield at
once 10 the verdict OF that board
| can assure you that Congress, I'm my
opinion, will uphold and sustain the Presl
dent In any action he may take to main
tain the honor and dignity Of this nation
In this. or any other matter
The conduct Of the officers and men
On the Maine has shown them 10 he
possessed with those high qualities that
made our earlier navy so conspicuous.
SENATOR J. II. KYLE.
AS a loyal American / have only words
OF praise for the heroes whose lives were
sacrificed by the Maine disaster As n
nation we should revere their memory,
The ker0ism and presence OF mind dis
played by privates as well as Officers
show them worthy examples Of tho
American navy Should this Disaster
prove 10 be tracegble 10 Spanish treachery
the President win be justified in main
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-03-07

has such heroism been displayed ~ !,
Of the officers and crew Of the b,,,t,,.nst
Maine at the time OF the recent dls,..lp
in the harbor OF Habana. The so,,-'
who said TO his commander "sir hs,
to report the ship has been blow Fs
and &c sinking" deserves not onIv ID
thanks and admiration OF the poonl, w,
the country. but also o monument ~ %,
memory. The conduct OF Captain sig.t us
was all that could be expected iron,
brave and patriotic man. and the dis
ton that he has shown during the ,ryI,,
days since the unfortunate ocourrs,.s
are greatly 10 his credit.
Should It be proved that the dlsa.,..
was the result OF Spanish treschery In,
stand by the President I'm any demsrI
that ne may make. even II II should h. !,
substantial indemnity and the lndebs,
dence OF Cuba.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-03-07
He Was 1nsulfed.
Cincinnati Enquirer.)

"Pm afraid I gave the Colonel a ra'he.
disagreeable surprise yesterday. ! dda't
mean TO at all"
"As to howT"
81 invited him 10 come into the library
and see some old papyri / got lately
and from the expressions the Colonel
dropped. / am OF the belief that he
Thought was going TO introduce him 70
some rye whiskey."
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-03-07


REPRESENTATIVE RUDOLF KLE-
BERG.
The heroism Of Captain Sigsbee and the
officers and men of the Inflated battle
ship Maine, during and after her eXplo-
sion in Habana harbor, is both commend
able and inspiring, and IL is gratifying 10
know that the GOODNESS and patriotism or
this great naval chieftain and his men are
a characteristic of the average American
citizen Nothing should be more avoided
by those who would mould public opinion
in the present hour of suspense than
undue excitement and ill-cOnsdered action
and utterance and those in authority, as
well as those out OF authority, may Well
emulate at this supreme moment in our
countrys history the superb GOODNESS and
the splendid courage of Captain Sigsbee
and his brave men. They have again
taught the human race the great lesson
that true courage and patriotism never
buster: but remain calm and serene
under ali circumstances.
REPRESENTATIVE A. NJ. TODD.
General Weyler's insult 10 the American
nation is the revengeful outburst Of de-
feated despot. who wishes to regain po-
liticaI and military power. 1t is an echo
of the Spanish inquisition, which was
srrangled by civilization, but which he
wishes TO resurrect. Living in cruel and
selfish nation, he seeks restoration to
power by appealing TO ignorance and bru-
tai instinct.
Ever since Commodore Perry achieved
his memorable victory over the British
on Lake Erie. the bravery OF American
seamen has won the admiration OF the
world. American invention has revolu-
tionized modern naval warfare. When the
American navy meets the Spanish to set
tie the fate of Cuban liberty, the Ameri
can navy will make its own triumphant
answer
SENATOR II. ID. MONEY.
The foul expressions of General Wey-
Ter and the Spanish newspapers, repeated
by Spanish sympathizers In the United
States, charging the Maine disaster TO
the 'indolence," negligence" and lack
OF discipline on board the Maine, is
contradicted by every known fact OF the
event. can recolleet nothing in his
tory so marked by discipline and cool
ness since the sinking OF the Royal
George in the last century, when Bri-
fish regiment stood upon deck in dress
parade, and at the. command, as the
surging waves rose to them, fired the
funeral volley over their own watery
grave. For a few moments the explo-
sion was a section Of hell. L ere .errible
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1898-11-01
There Was a Law to Fit His Case.

4 case possessing peculiar features:
was heard at Marlborough street HarS
~ Wilkinson, twenty-eight. described
as CHECKER" having no fixed abode,
was charged before Mr.. Hannay with
begging in Piccadilly.
Sergeant Brown (the jai1erJ-The.
man is in such deplorable condiddns
he is not. fit to be brought into courts
He is absolutely alive with vermiI,
Mr.. Hannay-There is an act of patss.
lament which de 5 with vermino1S5
persons. ss$s
Mr. Lyell (the chief clerk, referrfnH
to the act)-Persons must applvHs
sonally under that act to be zcleanHl
(Laughter)
Sir. Hannay-I have gone oufso
court on a previous occasion in assfA
lar case. Bring me my hat, please
The case was then tried in the syae
at the back Of the court The prinIz
er was placed under the tree
yard. and plentiful supply OF stra3
disinfectant sprinkled in
around him. ssss
The magistrate stood faah
prisoner, and the officials aa63At
nesses formed a semi-circlesgl md
the tree. Mr.. Lyall balanced ef-s
cial note book upon his knsand:
wrote down the evidence with 8tEte,S
graphic pen.-London ChroMe -
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1898-11-01
Luck in Catching Sea Elephants.

News was recently received that the
Bostou whaling bark Swallow. Cap
tain D. B. Cleveland, which sailed
frola Boston, August 26. Of last year.
on 4 cruise to the south Atlantic i'll
Quest of sea elephants. had been sight
ed off Block Island, bound into New
Bedford with a full cargo Of sea ele-
phant oil.
The cruise of the Swallow has been
unusually successful. On leaving
home she was provisioned for two
years cruise, but the vessel returns
in less than q year, laden TO her ut
most capacity. The Swallow pro-
ceeded from this port to the group Of
islands in the south Atlantic known as
Deso,.tion Islands. and on reaching
there the sea elephants were found to
abound in great numbers.
After 1000 barrels of oil from the
sea elephants had been slowed in the
vessel, she proceeded to Cape Town.
where she arrived May /. Her owner,
Richard T. Green. of Boston. cableI
CAPTAIN Cleveland to Set sail for New
Bedford, and he left the South Afri-
can port May IS, making good home
run.-Boston Evening Transcript
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1898-11-01
Canary Women.

Now that Uncle Sam is in an an
nexing mood. who knows but that the
tabled Atlantis of Plato. the Garden
OF Hesperides and st. Brandon's Fairy
Isle. all known to modern geograpn-
ers as the Canary Islands. may not
soon become q part Of the United
States? Certainly no spot on earth
offers a more curious Illustration Of
primitive women.
When the CanarieS were conquered
by Jean de Bethcncourt. 4 Norma II
baron. in 1402. in the name of juan
H.. of CASTLE. they were pcoDled by
two races which had emigrated from
the mainland. Each race had differ.
ent laws. habits and customs and was
possessed of mutual hatred, which en-
gendered constant warfare.
The inhabitants Of the western Ca
nary Islands were small, fair. ener-
getic, brave and amiable; some Of
them even had blue eyes and red hair.
In Feurteventura and LanZarote they
were taller. darker and more indolent,
lazily obeying their hereditary rulers,
whether the latter were men or wo-
men. The dark skinned inhabitants
are supposed to be of Arabic or Of
Phoenician origin. They were con-
quered easily because they were more
indolent than the Spaniarls. and then
the fairer race was subjugatcd: