davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16

visited at night by DR.. Wines there
were crowded into this black hole
nearly $50 men, or about one to every
ten square feet of floor space.
"When they lie down there is not
room enough for them upon the floor
without those next to the hunks
thrusting their feet under them. Their
bodies carpet the entire floor wall to
wall When in stormy, or very cold
weather, the swinging wooden shutters
outside the windows are closed, there
is neither light nor ventilation in this
prison; and in the long summer, when
the sun beats with almost tropical fer
yor upon the corrugated iron roof, the
heat must be almost uncomfortable and
the sutferings of the prisoners intense.
To complete this picture, it need only
be said that the Jail is alive with ver-
min of every description.
"The inmates spend much of their
time in gambling. A man may be
sentenced to the Jail for gambling, and
then may be free to gamble as much
as he pleases while under confinement.
The principal recreation of the inmates.
however, consists in the proceedings
of the kangaroo Court, a self con-
stituted body which assumes without
authority of law, to govern the prison.
The officers in charge recognize GER
tain utility even in this form of disci-
pline; for the prison is so insecure that
were it not for the fear of being shot
by the guards, prisoners would escape
continually. Only sixteen of these
guards are employed, and some such
voluntary organization as the Kan
garoo Court seems necessary to en-
force discipline within the walls. The
government does not even supply these
guards with arms and ammunition.
but requires them to arm themselves" ;"
DR.. Wines has not fully decided who
is at fault for the disgraceful condi-
tions at Muscogee, but believes the
fault is at Washington, and not with
the local authorities. He has learned
that the amounts paid by the govern
ment to contractors for the maintain
ance of the Jail reach total of $780,
677.oO, or more than $3.50 per capita
as much, he says, as it costs to keep a
prison properly equipped and managed.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16
TERMs.J Shopper year. in advant g
Six Months 80 cents.

you take away from man his right
to reason, you will find that emergen-
cies may arise where he will be en-
tirely worthless. l never was more
surprised in my life than once out
West accidentally with a troop
of U. S. cavalry on scouting expedi-
tion after gang of rustlers, shot or
two was fired at them. No orders were
given that l heard, but everybody
seemed to know what to do Those
cavalry men seemed to know that their
aSsailantS were afOOt. In a moment
twenty men had dismounted and were
advancing in open order, taking advan-
tage of the ground, now crawling and
now running. At once two more
squads were going to the left and right
full tilt, looking for chance to flank
the enemy. The balance took shelter
with the horses, ready to follow if the
enemy should debouch. | never saw
anything prettier. Those boys have
loads of sand and plenty of sense. They
are as good, if not better than the best
troops in Europe today, although they
haven't very much tinsel or braid on
their uniforms. In my opinion the Sc
verest test of the qualities Of troops, is
whether they can be reformed into
companies after having been broken
up in an unsuccessful charge That is
almost impossible with the Russian
troops. If man loses his place in file
he's lost and out of the game for that
day.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16
Written for The Prison Mirror.
GOVERNMENT SURVEY.

The principal object of a survey is
to make it more easy to locate and de-
scribe any piece of land, and for basis
for political divisions. The first thing
done when new section Of country is
to be surveyed is to establish a prime
meridian, and then base-line crossing
it at right angles. Then points are es-
tablished on the base-line six miles
apart, the first being six miles from the
prime meridian. From these points
lines are run directly north. Lines are
also run parallel with the base-line and
six miles apart. This divides the cOun.
try into portions six miles square
called townships and forms the basis
for political divisions called towns. A
row of townships running north and
south is called a range while the rows
extending east and west are simply
numbered. The first row of townships
north of the base-line are called ''town.
ship one north" the second row "town-
ship two north" etc. The first row of
ranges is called grange one west Tor
east)," the second grange two west"
etc. So that a township situated in
the twelfth row north of the base-line
and in the seventh row west of the
prime meridian would be designated
as township twelve north, range seven
west" Most of Minnesota is surveyed
from the fifth meridian which is about
one hundred and twenty miles east of
here, and the base-line is near Little
Rock, Ark The lines between the
ranges running north must come to-
gether at the north pole, so it follows
that ranges grow narrower as they get
farther north of the base-line. 10 rem
edy this correction lines" are run
every twenty-four miles and the ranges
started anew at six miles wide.
Townships are divided into thirty
six equal squares called sections. The
sections of township are numbered
from the n. +. corner 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, to
the n. w. corner, then is directly
south of 6 and thus back to the east
side of the township. Section 36 is in
the south east corner of the township.
A section of land contains $40 acres
more or less-and is divided into quar-
ters called respectively the n. E. d,
the n. w. d, the S. E. d and the
S. w. a. Each quarter section is also
divided in the same manner. The lat
ter divisions each contain 40 acres
more or less, and are called the N. E.
a of the n. E. u, the n. w. ID of the
n. E.1 etc. When the survey is made
stakes are placed at each corner of
every section. Quarter stakes are also
placed on the section lines midway be-
tween the corner stakes. Any ques-
tion regarding the government survey
will be cheerfully answered.
d. w. K.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16
Written for The Prison Mirror.
A COMPARISON.

In many quarters especially abroad,
it has been the habit and is yet, to
scott at the regular army of the United
States. Nothing could be more unjust
and undeserved. The writer Of this
has served in one of the greatest arm
les of Europe, and had plenty of op-
portunity to note their merits, and,
after coming in contact with our troops
in the West, may perhaps be allowed
to express an opinion as to the relative
merits of the American and European
soldier. The flower of any European
army is the so-called guards or house.
hold troops of the sovereign. These
men are picked from the best material
in the line regiments,-I refer now to
Russia-and are equipped in manner
which is not conducive to efficiency in
the field, but mainly for show and pa
rade. By this equipment (showy and
heavy uniforms and helmets or chacos)
and constant drill they are enabled to
present most splendid appearance
on parade. But when it comes to act
ual service that sort of equipment is
like an iron weight around the foot,
and the splendid parade evolutions
are of no utility. In addition to this
it must be remembered that the line
regiments are by no means up to the
high standard of the guard in drill,
though their equipment is more fitted
for active service. The discipline in
the European armies has reached the
point of unreasoning obedience. The
private is mere particle of the ma
chine. Sticklers for discipline may
think that very good thing, but most
good things can be overdone. When
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16

and the mystery between them-a hand
to all mankind, encouraging them to
strive, each in his time, to raise the
standard little higher as the centuries
roll by. SUCH IS FAME. If you would
win place here; root out of your heart
all selfishness, for he who strives for
notorlety and gain shall be unknown
here. am jealous mistress; and if
you would win my smiles you must
give me all your heart. Here
is the wreath of laurels; win it
if you can, but learn first to labor and
to wait. Co."
Frank Allen awoke, wrote and won
the prize. Hop SING.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16
Written for The Prison MuTOr.
THE PRIZE-STORY,

Frank Allen was a misanthrope at
twenty-three. He thought seriously of
Furnishing the unappreciative world by
depriving it of the literary exotics
which he felt sure he was able to
shower upon it; and was imagining
himself in lonely cabin far from the
madding crowd gloating over his re-
venge. He-Frank Allen-winner of
his class medal and valedictory honors
had received an insult from common
book publisher by having his Ms. re-
turned with a nasty little printed slip
attached, which stated that it was "de-
clined with thanks" Having smoked
himself into a state of nervous exhaus.
tion he was lying upon the lounge in
anything but an angelic mood; when
his sister Bessie came dancing into the
room with newspaper in her hand,
exclaiming, "Oh Frank; here is some
thing jolly. The Boston Bugle has Of
fered prize of one thousand dollars for
the best short story. Now you must
win it so that we can go to the noun
tains in August. Oh. wont that be
just too lovely" "No. it will not be
lovely in any Degree replied Frank
Il do not even intend to try for it. l
know all about the prize contests.
Some OF those fellows who, for some
unaccountable reason, have the reputa-
tiOn of being authors always win them.
A fellow of real merit never has a
chance. l don't wish to be bothered
about it, so leave me alone will you"
Seeing he was in "nasty temper" Bes-
sic left him to "sulk it OUT. While he
was undergoing this mental metamor-
phosis he journeyed to that mysterious
country-where we all go when we go
to sleep-and learned great truth.
After wandering aimlessly hither and
thither for time, first in crowded city
streets and then in trackless forest, he
found himself at last standing at the
base of great mountain looking up at
beautiful building which crowned it's
summit.
With that wondrOus intuitive
knowledge possessed by the inhabitants
of Dreamland he knew that the noun
tain was called Ambition and that the
building upon its summit was the Tenn
pie of Fame. There were many paths
leading up the mountain; so choosing
what appeared to be the easiest and
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16
Vol. XI.-No. Al.
<>sPoEFRkaM
S5E&S>z~z@gSSSS~ SS~
Our Sailors.

Ye sailors of the Union
Who guard our native seas
Whose starry flag floats proudly
Ger the battle and the breeze,
Your glorious standard launch again
To match another foe,
And sweep. through the deep
While the stormy winds do blow
While the battle RACES loud and long
And the stormy winds do blow.
The spirits of our heroes
Shall start from every wave,
For the deck it was their field of fame
And ocean was their grave.
Where Farragut and Perry fought
Your manly hearts shall glow,
As We sweep through the deep
While the stormy winds do blow,
While the battle RACES loud and long
And the stormy winds do blow.
COlumbia's starry banner
Shall ever triumphant wave,
Till dangers troubled night depart
And peace requites the brave.
Then, then, ye ocean warriors,
Our song and feast shall flow
To the fame of your name,
When the storm has ceased to blow,
When the fiery fight is heard no more
And the storm has ceased to blow.
Forged by CASEY.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1898-06-16
A u. s. JAIL.

The description'of of the Jail for United
States prisoners at Muscogee, [. T.
given by DR.. Frederick Howard Wines
in recent number of the 'Charities
Review" reads like the war time stories
of Andersonville and Libby. Two
classes of offenders are punished by the
Federal government-those who offend
against its sovereignty, and those who
commit crimes OF any sort within its
jurisdiction. For the latter class it is
necessary to maintain prisons, or jails,
in Indian Territory, where the govern
ment has jurisdiction, and one of these
is at Muscogee. The plan of this jail
credit for which is sometimes assigned
to the Department of Justice at Wash
ington-is described by DIR. Wines as
follows:
"FrOm the floor to the caves is a dis
tance of sixteen feet. There is no CELL
ing, but the space is open to the roof,
which is hipped, four-square, and of
corrugated iron. There are two open
ventllators in the roof, unprotected in
any way. Forty feet square (or two
thirds of the building) are used as a
common prison, where prisoners asso.
ciate in idleness by day and by night;
heterogeneous mass of convicted and
uncOnvicted felOns and misdemean-
ants, whites, Indians, and negroes, of
all ages, with no attempt at classifica-
tion or separation. In the twenty feet
at the west end of the building is a
central passage leading to the bull
pen,' with cells on each side. The total
number of cells is eight, of which those
on the south side are ten feet square,
but those on the north side about half
as large again. Those on the south
side are simply iron cages with grated
fronts, but the north cells have wooden
walls, sheathed with iron, and grated
cell doors. -Four of these cells are on a
level with the floor of the common
prison, and the other four Immediately
above them. One OF the upper cells is
totally dark, and is used as a dungeon
for punishment as an aid to discipline.
The space over the upper tier of cells
is open to the roof, and it affords an
opportunity to place an armed guard,
at all hours of the day and night, where
he can overlook the prisoners in the
'bull-pen.'
"What does this armed guard see,
and what would the reader see, could
he stand at his side? Looking down,
his eyes would rest upon barnlike
room, with iron walls and floor and
roof, unfurnished, and lighted by seven
barred openings, without sashes or
glass, the stills of which are eight feet
from the floor, so that no prisoner can
look out, and no air circulates in the
we'll beneath, in which they are COM
PEELED to live. No guard is required to
breathe this atmosphere for more than
one hour at time. In the center of
the room is an upright soft-coa stove.
Around three sides, mex. the wall, are
low iron hunks, fifteen in all, five on
each side, about as wide as three
quarter bedstead, in each of which
three men sleep lin their clothes) at
night. Except an unpainted home
made barber chair, there is no other
furniture in the room; no tables and
no seats.
'The room has neither ventilation,
sewerage, nor water supply. When
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20
MISSIONARIES.

The last papers from the Coast an
American missionaries from Sierra
Leone. The party comprised six adults
and one baby. Seven of their CO.
workers had been slaughtered by the
Timnehs and Mendehs. tribes in the
Interior of Sierra Leone, and every
missionary post from 125 miles TO
destroyed. An expedition composed
of the West India Regiment (negro)
and a naval detachment from II. b.
NJ. ). Fox, went up the river to pun
ish the insurgents. The naval detach-
ment was commanded by Lieutenant
Gibbons, with Lieutenant Benwell as
second in commando; both of these Of
ficers are well known in Honolulu.
The story of the attack brings out
what the term missionaries to the
heathen' means. 1t means men and
women who take their lives in Their
hands for the sake of their faith and
who are not only willing. but have to
brave danger and death to spread
that faith. Such are the missionaries
of Central and Western Africa: such
were the Jesuit missionaries to the In
dian tribes, such have been both Pros
estants and Roman Catholics who have
braved the dangers of inner China;
such We're the early priests who car
ried the gospel into barbarian Europe
But in no sense are the Anglican cler
gy out here missionaries to the hed
then" and this term still used in he
Report of the Society for the Propaga
! ton of the Gospel, and applied tC
Bishop Willis. Rev. \. Macintosh anC
Rev. v kitcat, and others, is certain
ly a misnomer. This the Rev. j. Us
borne points out in a recent pamph
let, and the case cited above proves
his point.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20
SIXTY-ONE YEARS.

year ago today there was great
excitement in the English speaking
world. for it marked the completion
of the siNtieth anniversary of the
reign of Queen Victoria Doubts were
felt then lest her health would break
down before he event, but an
other year has swept by and Queen
Victoria has sat ON the throne of the
United Kingdom for siNty-one years,
exceeding by far any other monarch
in actual, continuous and unbroken
reign.
Ns'S She lives ON. those who have act
ually served her or who have adorned
her reign in art or letters. or have adj
ded to its glor'ies by the conquest of
mechanical or engineering difficulties,
keep dropping away. Few of those
who are among the leaders in that
country now. were even born when the
Queen came to the throne. The last
years has tolled the knell of many
a brilliant man, and of none more bril-
liant in the Victorian era than the
great ,commoner. Gladstone. Palmer
ston. Disraeli. Gladstone. Salisbury,
have been the great Ministers of the
reign, and only one of them is left,
and he is said to be suffering from i'll
health, but should he retire or die,
the House of Cecil, in the person of
Arthur Balfour, will continue to i'm
press itself upon the British policy.
Marvellous reign it has been and will
appear more marvellous and striking
as its true proportions appear to those
who will regard it historically later
Contemporaries can never see the true
proportion.
The Queens health remains good
for her age. Her mind remains clean
and vigorous. She is the object of I'M
RENTING care from those whose duty
it is to attend and watch over her
There is no reason why the long reign
may not stretch somewhat further
and the people of the British Empire
still continue to say God save the
Queen, "'even to the close of the pres
ent century.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20

The French journal lie Temps" has
coined IA new word which will prob
ably maintain its hold in newspaper
and magazine literature and finally
become "A permanent part of two or
more languages. Sneering ut the
present relations between the Eng
lish speaking nations on both sides of
the Atlantic lie Temps says they are
suffering from an acute fit of Anglo
SaNonism. The acute fit of Anglo
SaXonism has come to stay, and the
Anglo-SaXons are quite ready to ac-
cept the phrase. 1t will no doubt
prove anything but palatable to Fran
ispano-Latinism. The fact that the
nationalities of the world who have
nursed true liberal institutions to per-
feet fruition are on the point of join
ing together is undoubtedly a menace
to countries which crush such insti-
tutions under foot. or like France
have them in name but crush them
out of existence by their abject sub
servience to militarism, but this sub
verience to the greatest foe of liber-
~ is an essential characteristic of
Continental Europe. An army is a
good servant but bad master.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20
WOUNDS.

The Medical Record of New York
speculates upon the wounds of modern
warfare, and considers they will be
very different from those of thirty
years ago. The contention is that the
destructive machinery of the battle
field has been brought to such a de-
gree of perfection in regard to dis
lance of range, accuracy of aim and
power of penetration that the percent
age of such as may receive slight
wounds, from which recovery is pos
sible, will be exceedingly small in pro-
portion to such as are destined to be
killed outright. The same view was
taken by an anonymous writer who
produced a work of fiction entitled the
"War with SPAIN" in the Cosmopoli-
tan some months ago.
The experience of the Cuban insur-
gents, however, as shown by Mr..
Flint, who was attached to General
Gomez's staff during some of his most
daring operations, does not bear out
this contention as far as rifle fire is
concerned. The Spanish regulars are
armed with the Mauser rifle which has
great range and high penetrative pow.
er. 1t was found by the Cubans that
the wounds from the rifle were easily
durable, the speed of the bullet is such
that it will pass through the bones
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20

of the leg or arm. not breaking them.
but merely leaving a. small round hole.
\ list of extraordinary recoveries is
given 10y Mr.. Flint in his appendix.
On the other hand the Spanish ir-
regulars are armed with Remington
and Springfield rifles. The wounds
from these were more fatal. The
bones. when struck. were smashed to
splintcrs and the bullet in its egress
would tear the flesh frightfully, leav-
ing deep holes and decorations. With
the primitive hospital accommoda-
tons the Cubans managed to save a
large percentage of those wounded by
the Mauser rifle, but with even excel
lent hospital accommodations there
would be little hope for the others.
of course wounds from exploding
shells, torpedoes and splinters of steel
aud wood will be very terrible in their
character. and the shell plays a very
important part in modern warfare,
/ but if the experience of the Cubans is
worth anything, it goes to prove that
wounds from modern rifle of high
penetrative power are not so danger
Gus as those which were used in the
! nngt
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20
@imeRy @opicS.
June 10, 1858.

In times of war or times of
peace, the people keep right
on getting married. We are
reminded that at this time
there are a great many we'd
dings in Honolulu. OF course
they have to have wedding
presents, and all will admit
there is nothing more appro-
pirate than silver ware. 1t not
only looks nice but is useful.
We carry a large stock in both
solid and plated Sterling silver
and know we can save you
money by buying from us.
Among the solid Sterling
goods we might mention sets
in cases very handsomely put
up.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20
Oyster Forks,
Coffee Spoons,
Egg Spoons,
After.dinner Coffee Spoons,
Knives and Forks,
Soup Ladies', etc,
Coffee Spoons,

In plated ware we have
duplicates Of the above. They
are heavily plated, and will
last many years. 1t takes an
expert to distinguish between
them. We do not rely upon
one article or line of goods for
our profits and are able to make
closer prices for this reason.
You will do we'll to call in the
next time you are looking for
a wedding present, and you
will not go out without buying.
HAWAIIAN HARDWARE &C
FORT ST., opp. Spreckels' Bank.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1898-06-20

If you have an article for sale tell
the public about it through the col
umns of The Star.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1898-02-14
In THE CIRCUIT COURT
The Damage Suit Of COnnell VS..
ROwell on Trial.
Judge Perry and Mixed Jury Engaged With
an Opium Case Big Bond
Filed.

Judge Stanley and the follow
lug jury. are engaged with tbe
trial of j b Crnn II VS. w L
Rpwell, for $4,000 damages: + II
Levi, A b Wood, j Waterhou. @
VIM Tyrrell, f II Foster, 7 M
S'arkey, rhos w ilht, j Coakley,
7 L Wall, G w II King, W G
Wilder Jr, G II Cater. The
plaintiff sues for $4,000 for dam
ages for being thrown from his
wheel by being run into by the
defendant who was on boz setback.
At 2 o'clock w. r. Castle com
m need the argument to the Jury
tor the defendant aud will be
followed by Cnas. Creighton for
plaintiff.
Judge Perry and a mixed jury
ar- trying tn case Of r public of
Hawaii VS.. Hing Kee, posse .sion
of opium. e z. Dole, Depu'y At
torpev Ger cal, for thu pr '-ecu
ion; A. 5. Humphreys aud Georg-
ID. Gear for The defense.
JUG" Perry has admitted the
will of Valdemsr Knud Zen TO pro
bite and appointed H M. YOU
Holt temporary administrator to
serve until the fu, Their order of
Court, the widow who is named a.
executrix being absent from the
county. Mr. Won Holt has since
fled bis bond il the sum of 500, =
0O0 with c. ell Brown and j. M
Dnws-lt a su,e'ipa.
VILLAIN Sheslay has been
granted div, re Irnm Mary Moi
on the ground of desertion.
Cecil Brown, att rney for
plaintiff in the divorce case of L
.. Hob on VS.. Hikaalari Hebron,
has G ven not ce that ne will
move for the cause to be heald on
Saturday next.