The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-08-18

WASHINGTON. August H. = The
soyernment received the FIRST direct OIL
cial confirmation to-day of the surren-
dar Of Manila after a combined land and
81 bombardment last Saturday. It
came IN dispatches from Admiral
Dewey brought from Manila to Hong
Kong on the dispatch boat zafiro. The
admiral sent the dispatches, the FIRST
one btlenS recitlns the essential facts
as follows:
MANILA, August IL.
Secretary Navy, washington:
Manila surrendered tn-day. to the.
American land and naval forces, after
a combined attack. A division of the
squadron shelled the forts and intrench-
ntelts, at Malate,, on the south side OF
the city, driving back the enemy, our
army advancing from that eide at the
game time. The city surrendered about
t6o'clock, the American flag being hoist
ca by Lieutenant Brumby. About 1000
prisoners were taken. The squadron
mad no casualties; none OF the vessels
was injured.
on. August Z General Merritt and I
foeinaily demanded the surrender OF the
eity. which the Spanish governor gem
eral refused.
(sispedS DEWEY.
Iihptehant Brumby Is Admiral
Dewey's flag lieutenant.
me second dispatch from the admiral
had not. been deciphered up to noon.
They were received early in the day
ana nfter the first one had been trans
lated. Acting Secretary Allen carried 1t
over. to the white house and laid 1t be-
fore the President. While 1t bore out
the news already brought by press dis
patches. yet it established the addi-
tion6l point that some 1000 prisoners of
war were now held by the American
commanders and that no casualties in
the navy or damage to ships had oc-
CURED.
Now that the surrender is officially
reported, Il can be stated that Manila
e being held by virtue of the military
occupation and surrender, and not by
virtue Of the protocol. The difference Is
said to amount to little in practical re-
suits. yet such as 1t is. all officials agree
that the occupation is the result of the
combined military and naval operations.
According to Admiral Dewey's dispatch,
the surrender occurred about p. m.
last Saturday. The peace protocol was
aigned at 4:2s p. m. on Friday. 1t is
said that the difference in time between
Manila and washington Is such that the
surrendeE recRoned on Washington
time. would be. about twelve hours
ahead OF the dime az Manila, or about
5sa. N. Saturday morning. In point OF
actual time, therefore, the signing OF
the peace protocol preceded the actual
surrender Of Manila by few hours,
But II Is a well established rule OF mill
ltaFy law, accepted the world over, that
q peace arTnistice, or cessation OF hos
tIlIties, DIES not become binding upon
conmanding officers until they receive
! aetual notice of It. This rule Is eX-
pressed In the United States regulations
governing armies In the field as follows:
Article 139-An armistice Is binding
upon the belligerents from the day OF
the agreed commencement; hut the off,
Gers OF the army are responsible from
the day only when they receive Official
notice OF its existence.
Under this rule, Admiral Dewey and
General Merritt would be bound by the
armlstice only from the time the notics
Of II reached them at Manila. This
could not have occurred on Saturday,
prior to the bombardment, as the cable
was not working, and no dispatch boat
could have gotten through with the no.
Eice before Monday or Tuesday. In
short, It Is agreed in all official quar-
tiers that the forcible taking OF Manila
was entirely regular and that the city
and bay e now held on the basis OF this
s military and enforced taking, rather
than on the basis of the mutual ar
Tangement between the TWO countries,
This may become material when the
question arises as to the future Of the
Philippines, for II Is likely TO proceed
from the American standpoint that Ma
nina was taken by force OF arms, and Is
90 occupied.
There has been no time tn consider
what will be done with the 1000 Spanish
prisoners taken. but the fact that an
amicable understanding had been reach-
ed With Spain as to the occupation OF
Manila viii probably operate To tighten
the condition Of these prisoners.
kMEPIThN ASSES