davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25
TROUBLESOME DAY.
PUZZLES OFFERED BY CROOK
DATE LINE.
The war Causes us to Wish to Know More
About Time In Other Parts of the World
Than Before and we Have Considerable
Tronble In Re ckon1ng Time

1t Is the custom when two countries arc
at var for the other fighting nations
temporarily at peace, to send representa-.
tises to go through the campaign. These
foreign guests attach themselves to tho
commanding generals headquarters anG
try to see everything that happens Incl
dentally, they try to learn everything
possible about the arm they are with. sc
tnat their own nation may profit by irni.
Ettlns the eXcellencieS and avoiding the
defects. These foreign officers make long
reports when they return home. w..
Most OF the great powers and some OF
the lesser ones have representatives with
our army and navy in the present wal
with Spain. says a Tampa letter to the
New York Press. Six OF these foreign
military guests of Uncle Sam, who have
been at the Tampa Bay hotel waiting for
the invasion of Cuba, consented to-day
to group themselves in front Of a camera
for the readers Of the New York Press
The photograph was tak'n on the hotel
por.l.
Capt. A. II. Lee, of the royal artillery
the British military attaclle for the Amer
ican-Spanish war, has been with the army
in camp for more than a month now.
He spent several days at Chickamauga
before coming to- Tampa. He is young
nan with pleasant manners and a variety
OF uniforms, all light and serviceable,
1l1SI are Tie envy O1 the american or
ficers because Of their GOODNESS and utl-
ity for service in a tropical country
Capt. Lee has made many friends amon,)
the officers and is prime favorite at the
rightly gatherings in the hotel rotunda,
where the ladies come 10 hear the band
play. He has seen service, bat he mod
cstly declined to speak of his record when
the Press correspondent asked him for
brief sketch of his military career.
In this respect Capt Lee is much like
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25
HOW TO TELL RANK.
DISTINGUISHING DEVICES OF
THE NATIONS DEFENDERS.
By Carefully Reading this Article and
Remembering What youIRead you may at
a Glance tell the Rank of Soldier, Sailor
or Marine

The difficulty of distinguishing the rank
and corps Of officers of the army and navy
is not Sc great as the variety of devices
IN their uniforms would seem to indicate.
The relative rank of naval and military
omcers and the distinguishing device
which each grade has in common are
soon learned, and having observed this
a little study soon unravels the apparent
confusion. 1t is well known that our ma
-tlonal uniform is blue in color, says the
New York Herald, though for certain
specific purposes certain variations exist
In this, the white, worn in warm wealth
er, or the new campaign dress being the
notable exceptions. White, also worn by
our blue jackets as a working suit, has
been in use for twenty years, but the
dull brown canvas, known as the "khaki''
of India, worn by the soldiers of the Bri-
fish empire for field service, is a new and
welcome departure in the uniform Of our
troops There Is no more useful and SER
Viceable material than this, for it is
equally valuable in tropical and in tenn
perate climates. Its light weight makes
1t cool in warm weather, and with heavy
underwear it is suitable for the demands
of moderately cold climates.
The army, is more fortunate than the
navy in the number of uniforms pre-
scribed for its officers. Military officers
have practically but three official garbs-
the full, the service and the campaign
dress. Naval officers have to provide
themselves with four uniforms-special
full dress, undress may be converted in
to two others, known as full dress and
dress, but these are variations employed
on certain special occasions, and are
merely the establishment of the undress
by certain substitutions. Many white
uniforms have to be worn, and with the
total absence of laundries on shipboard
the supply must be generous, for cleanli-
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25

upon the collar and in the epaulets ana
shoulder straps of these respective
corps. ..-.' -..o
The cavalry is known by two gold me-
broidered crossed sabres, edge upward,
with the number of tho regiment dis
played In silver in the upper angle. The
artillery has two crossed cannon, with
the regimental number shown in silver at
the intersection, and the infantry has two
crossed rifles, without bayonets, the re-
gimental number shown in the upper
angle. The staff corps wear distinguish
ing letters, usually the initials of the
particular branch. y. A. Represents
bureau of military justice Or Judge adj
vocate; %. D." quartermaster; IS. d., -
substance; IN d. medical corps; s.:P
d." paymaster all these letters being
embroidered in old English silver letters.
All uniforms are blue, the distinguishing
nolprs an facings,' pipings and trouse1.
stripes being:-1nfantry, white; artillery
scarlet; engineers, scarlet piped with
white; ordnance, crimson; cavalry, vel
low, and hospital corps emerald green
ptped with white. Post quartermaster
sergeants wear strip Of buff, commits
sion sergeants Of cadet gray anda music
ans two stripes each, one-half inch wide.
Such broadly generalized, are the main
distinctions, which may serve the lay
man, thought there are other minor de-
tails that reveal to the initiated at a
glance the exact official grade of tine
wearer. But these would be confusing,
as all millinery is save to the Initiated.
and II the general rules are kept in mind
the civilian should have little difficulty in
telling q sailor from a soldfer--or, for
that matter, both from marine, for his
uniform Is not unlike the army, except
that he wears his cherished globe with
the anchor, in proud remembrance Of the
Traditional and honorable achievements
Of his famous corps.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25

ness is very, very near TO goonness
afloat.
The relative rank of army and navy
officers, (omitting general and admiral,
and lieutenant general and vice ad-
mira1 both of which grades are in
abyamce), and the main distinguishing
devices worn in epaulets, in shoulder
straps OF or the collars, are as follows
Army. ~ Navy. Device.
Major General. Rear Admiral. Two stars.
Colonel CAPTAIN. Spread Eap1e.
Lieut. Colcnea. Commander. silver oak leaf.
Major. Lieut.. Corn'dr Gold oak leaf.
Captain. Lieutenant. Two bars.
First Lieut. Lieut.. dr. gde). One bar.
Second Lieut. Ensign No device. -.
To sbegin with the navy, it must be
kept in mind that line officers have po-
sitiye or actual rank and staff officers
who constitute the medical pay engineer,
construction and civil engineer CORDS
have relative rank. The devices indicated
above are authorized according to the
positive and relative rank held, but the
different corps are thus distinguished
The line. silver, anchor, medical corps, a
spread oak leaf, embroidered in dead
gold, with an acorn embroidered in silver
upon it, pay corps, a silver oak sprig;,
engineer corps, four silver oak leaves;
construction corps. gold sprig or two
1--we oak leaves and an acorn; professors,
one silver oak leaf and an acorn; cival
engineers, the letters G. e. In silver. Be-
sides these, all commissioned officers wear
gold Lace upon the sleeve, which vasies
In thickness and In the number of stripes,
according to positive or relative grade.
The difference is further accumulated on
the sleeves. Line officers, including naval
cadets, mates, 6oatswains and gunners,
wear on the ontside Of each sleeve a
star OF five rays, embroidered In gold, the
ray pointing downward, being one-tourth
of an inch from the upper edge Of the
upper strip of lace, when lace Is worn,
or, in the case Of mates, boatswains and
gunners four inches from the edge OF
the sleeve. STAFF officers, except chap
slains who have no uniform, other than
that commonly worn by clergymen-Mear
the same lace on the CUTS as the line
officers with whom they have relative
rank. In lieu OF the star, which Is the
distinctive brand of The line or executive
branch, they have bands. OF colored cloth
between or above the ship OF gold lace;
the colors trying - follows:- Medical
officers, dark masoon velvet pay oacers
white cloth; engineer officers. red cloth;
naval constructors, dark violet cloth, pro-
|ts-Ssprs Of municipalities, olive green cloth;
civil engineers, light blue velvet.
Cooked hats ana blue caps are worn
n the navy. The rank y indicated 81 the
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25
The Kansas Harvest.

Kansas city Star: Though wheat harvest
win not be under full Roadway in Kansas for
two or three weeks, there is a great demand
for harvest hands already, ard farmers are Of
fering 81 to So a day for men to work In the
felds The wheat crop of Kansas is now
beyond the reach of serious damage. firm any
source though a wet harvest might impair
the quality and cause some loss But Kansas
farmers are not used TO standing In dream OF
too much moisture. yield Of 100, 600, 900
bushels IL now practically assured That IS
twice as much as was produced last year, and
a third larger than the great crop Of, 1895
There will be busy times in Kansas IN the
next few months. Every available ma hine
and every man who can be pressed into serv-
ice viii be needed to cut the wheat, and even
then many fields are certain to stand, waiting
Tor the 1larvesters, until much of The dead
ripe grain will be wasted in the cutting. Ae;er
the reapers nnish their work the threshing
machines will be hulnmins continuously for
many weeks. and the corn crop will be ready
to gather before the wheat Is all stored away
ii the bins. Thus there will be months CT
remunerative labor for every man Who IS sb;e
and willing to work. The railroads. too. will
and It necessary to enlDloy many additional
freight crews, and the Kansans will be the
busiest, the happiest and the most cheerful
lot .nf people to be found on the face OF tie
globe.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25
ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS SATURDAY JUNE 25 1898

and ready to sight at the first occasion.
We we're steaming very slowly but in
creasing speed as the dawn Increased. In
the gray daylight we could make out a
line of ships anchored in front Of the city.
Then we steamed ahead faster. The ships
ahead proved to be merchantmen, and at
daylight we could discern the Spanish
feet further down the bay, and then it
was Full ahead!' The Spanish fleet did
not advance to meet us, and apparently
made NO move on the defensive. Pos
sibly our audacity had for the moment
paralyzed them. But it was not for long
In twenty minutes or so they opened a
terrific cannonade at long range. The
batteries and forts around Manila opened
fire at the same time. Every man on
the ship was now awake and at his post
1 knew that it would not be long before
there would be some hot work, and I
served NY men with cup of coffee and
y piece of bareback, and little later
gave them a drink of whisky and water.
l had eaten nothing myself since the
night before except cup of coffee and
little bareback with the men,. and I did
not drink all the coffee, and only nibbled
little Of the hardtack.
According to orders, we did not respond
to the Spanish guns until our ships came
into position. Then the flagship opened
fire, and then / followed with two hours
Of cannonading which I do not believe
has ever been equaled in naval warfare.
The shots from the Olympia were the
prsarrargcd signal for the other ships to
do the same.
We soon discovered that the batteries
Ut CaVite were very heavily mounted, and
the ordnance included several 1O-inch
guns. and we were not long in finding out
that the Don Antonio de Ulloa and the
Reina Christina, the flagship, carried
much heavier guns than we thought. We
began to fear that our ships had met
their match Shots shrieked above and
around u.s. bat our men showed that they
had pluck, for they were giving the Dons
q battle royal
What was the end to be? No man
knew; 1t takes time to think, and each
man was working with every nerve
strained. AS hot as the battle was, the
neat of the sun was equally so, and T had
my men who were bringing up the am
munition throw every vestige Of clothing
except their shoes.
The Spanish guns had opened upon us
at $40 a. M. and it was fully $40 be-
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25

SNIP when the powers blockaded the ports
of Greece in 1886. He is a graduate of
the Austrian naval school at Fiume.
These foreign officers are no less inter
ested in the details Of our military sys-
tenn and our methods in camp than they
will be in our conduct of campaign in
the field. There will be criticisms, some
of them deserved, in their early reports
to their home governments. When they
have occasion to tell their imperial and
other majesties how Uncle Sans troops
fought in the face of an enemy-well
could write out their reports for them
now with the ai6 of typewriter, some
manifold paper and the confidence that
every American has in the bravery oi
the boys in blue. '''%a - .,.,
The boys in blue, however, in this can,
paign, will be the boys in brown, d"ah
orange, gray and every other light colo :
including white. Uncle Sans 10
weather clothes 40 not all lcok alike. bu,
the Krag-Jorgcnsen bullets and the stout
hearts that carry the rifles are uniform.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25

fore we began to reply. But" When we
Gid, we made every shot tell, for our gum
ners demonstrated that their opponents
were no match for them in accuracy, al
though the Spaniards had every advan-
cage and should have known the exact
'an.e Of every ( ONT in the harbor, while
.; the American feet not a single gunner
lad ever much as been in the harbor
>c:ore. We began circling in front of
he Spanish fleet, each time getting
closer. We first fired the port bat
ely, and then swung round and fired the
4; 5c1rd batteries.
Fy~C:3O we had circled three times and
< Starting for the fourth when the
a's'! admira! came out in the Reina
Histina and CALAMITY assailed us, but
made it hot for him. I don't know
in the world he escaped with his
While he was standing on thu
a shot from one OF our shirS :.
think 1t was the Concord, Blew the bridge
clean over; in fact, shot it right from
under him, but the admiral was appar
entity uninjured, for few minutes later
i saw him walking the deck as calmly
as though he was on parade. It was get
ting too hot for him, and he evidently
saw that his ship was no match for US,
and h; turned to get back to his fleet.
Just as the Reina Christina swung
around an eight-inch shell from the port
DafterY, WHICH i was lcHu1u6, oil uSN AASA
square astern and set her on fire. By this
time other gunners had got the range,
and if ever ship was riddled It was the
Reina Christina. do not think It was
fifteen minutes from the time the shell
from the Boston struck her when she
went down with, it is said, over two hun.
dred men. The admiral, however, had es-
capped in small boat and made for the
Isla de Cuba, where he again hotsted his
dag.
I think that one of the miracles Of the
battle was the escape Of the admiral to
the Isla de Cuba under a rain OF SMELL.
He never could have done 1t had he not
run the Reina Christina so close to the
forts that we were afraid to get In TOO
close pursuit. Every moment that could
spare put In at the portfolios. for.1 never
expected to see another sight like that
one. S.ss*s5e+4e.sesg ss .:s sssEs sss s.ss.
After we had circled Ave times we with
drew. The smoke was SO dense that we
could hardly distinguish friend from foe.
Our men had worked three long hours
with scarcely mouthful of food. had;
however, kept my men well supplied with
whisky and water. ! gave each a small
drink about every twenty minutes.
y After we had withdrawn and the clouds
sof smoke had lifted enough 90 that We
B M z = J -
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25

| me are cOnsIT.eG. "Wnel an american
I officer is introduced in a hotel rotunds
| nc does not salute. F1e shakes hands. II
| some cases he suggests going to the cafe
for moment.
I happened to be near when Capt. Yves
ter was presented to Maj. Gen. Miles, lust
after Gen. Miles arrival here A group
Of officers were standing by the hotel
desk. @he presentation was made. The
Swedish officer brought his heels togeth-
err swung his right arm gracefully and
glued his hand to the VISOR of his cap.
Gen. Miles said he was glad to meet the
captain. The captain responded appro-
prlately. His right hand was still glued
to his cap. Gen. Miles extended his right
hand cordially. If the captain looked a
little stiff before. his evident embarrass-
mont now was pitiable. In the Swedish
army the man who salutes a superior
keeps ID the salute until it is acknowl-
edged.
Capt Wester was waiting for Gen. Miles
to return his salute, and here was the
major generals right hand held out. Evil
IDENTIFY he must take it. 1t was equally
evident that his own right hand must not
be removed from his cap, because it had
not been released according to the code
OF Swedish military etiquette. So he
gave Gen. Miles his left hand to shake,
and his right was still at the peak of his
Cap when the cOmman0er-ln-Cnlef was
called away to meet another distinguished
foreigner
Col. Yernoloff, military attache to the
Russian imperial embassy at Washington,
is on the general staff of the Russian
army. He was formerly of the horse
artillery. He represented his government
in the Turko-Grecian war, and saw SER
vice in the TurkO-Russian war of 1877
~. He was at the siege of Plevna. He
is a graduate of the military school at St.
Petersburg, and has spent seven years
as an attache at the legation at Lon
don.
Maj. G. Shiba; CT the Japanese lega-
ton at London arrived here last week.
He is a major of artillery, and was in the
field in the Chino Japanese war, taking
part in the battles of Wai-Wai and Port
Arthur. He is a graduate of the military
college at Toxic.
Lieut.. Joseph Rodlcr, of the Austro-
Hungarian legation, is a naval officer
who holds a commission on the Donau
He has seen service afioat as we'll as in
the diplomatic field. and was on a battle
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25

adn1rals and commodores sporting gold
on the rim, and all others more modestlv
contenting themselves with black lace.
The cap is of dark, navy blue cloth. with
sloping visor and rounded full top
The device for all commissioned officers
and for naval cadets in active service
ahoat, is a silver spread eagle, and rest
Ing upon the crossed foul anchors. en-
broidered in gold. Officers Of the line and
stan of and above the grade of com
mander wear caps which have the edge
OF the peak or visor embroidered in gold.
This has been lately adopted in our navy.
and the practical intention UNDERLYING
is to indicate at a fairly long distance the
rank Of commanding and other senior off,
GERS. |&# /. 80
Army rank and special corps assign
ment are shown in other ways than bv
the devices described above in the data
of relative rank. 10 begin with. they
have, like the navy, different insignia
and different colors for emphasizing the
differences of corps, and in the highest
grade varied arrangement of buttons
on the coat The generaI8 of the army
wears two rows Of buttons on his coat
twelve buttons in each, grouped by fours
and the lieutenant general ten buttons
in each row, the upper and lower grouped
Dy threes and the middle by fours Major
generals wear two rows of buttons. nine
IN each row. grouped by threes land bri-
gadler generals two rows, eight in each.
grouped in pairs. Colonies, lieutenant
colonies and majors wear two rows, nine
IN each, equally distributed, and captains
and subalterns two rows with seven but
tons in each, equally distributed. All
general officers wear cuffs faced with
dark blue velvet. j.
The device upon the buttons varies &C.
cording to corps, the generals, general
STAFF and the line, consisting of the in.
tantry, artillery and the cavalry, wearing
a gilt convex button, on %whichs is dis
played spread eagle, the line forces
being differentiated by the letters I, A
or c. The engineer corps wears a but
ton which displays an eagle holding in
MS beak scroll with the word ''Es-
sayons,' and in the distance castle,
with embrasures surrounded by water
and a rising sun; the ordnance corps is
distinguished by crossed cannon and
bombshell with a scroll containing the
words "Ordnance Corps" the signal corps
wears two crossed signal flags and
torch. The castle, bombshell and signal
hags are~ also the DISTINGUISHING mark
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25

another English officer who is here, Capt.
Sir Bryan leighton, of the cavalry
Capt Leighton is wealthy baronet
who dearly loves fight. AS he could not
come over here as the representative of
his government, he came on his own
account and he has been living in camp
with the Ninth cavalry as the guest of
Col. Hamilton He invariably refuses to
talk about himself, but his record lis a
dashing one, and he owns many articles
Of gold and silver which bear tellta1e in
scriptions- One jeweled trinket is in
scribed Presented by Her Majesty in
recognition of his great gallantry' at
Another reminder Of his service is a
canvas jacket worn next his skin, which
oOnceals an unhealed wound, received in
the African campaign. Capt. Leighton
has seen service in India and South
Africa. He is on furlough from his regi-
ment.
: Count "A. won Goetzen was military at
tache to the German embassy at Wash
ingtOn for a year and half He was re-
called to Berlin about two months ago
and Immediately sent back here to go
through our war by the German emperor.
He is a cavalry officer on the general
staff of the imperial army.
In 1890 he was an attache of the Ger
man embassy at Rome, and then he was
sent on a scientific expedition into Cen
trail Africa He is a graduate of the Uni
versity at Kiel and has legal diploma
He also studied at Paris and Berlin In
last February, while attached to the en-
4bassy Of his government at Washington.
he married Mrs May Stanley Lay. a
wealthy widow OF Baltimore.
Count v0n Goetzen has uniforms for
every possible occa sion, social and mill
tary. In Tampa he has shown a not
unnatural partially for white duck
Dl0uses and trousers. E Ns
Capt A. Wester. of the Swedish army,
is the military attache to the legation of
Sweden and Norway at Washington. He
will go through this war as he did
through the Turkc-Grecian conflict. In
that short-lixed and somewhat one sided
campaign he was stl,c guest -of Crown
Prince Constantine in the field. He has
served tive years in.the Swedish cavalry
two years in the artillery. and is just
completing his second year IN the infan-
try arm of the service.
& Capt. Abilgaard; of the Norwegian
army. and Surge on Gene raj Thurlow also
are attached to Gen. Skaters headquar-
tiers az foreign guests. These gentlemen
from Norway and SN eden are formal and
Dunctilious to, degree In many little
matters to which our own military OH
GERS pay less attention. Their salute Is
not mere wave OF the hand. It is an
rcp4 ration II Hhich care and plenty sof
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-25
sherman'. Ample supply Of wh,.ky.

Syracuse Standard: George a. Sheridan,
after one OF his campaigning tours in Ohio.
told story OF his experience with John sher-
man We had been making speeches at Xenia
one wet. cold night said Sheridan and on.
our way back to the hotel Senator Sherman
said Sheridan. behave little whisky is q
necessity for us to prevent contracting colds
1t is almost needless to say that had none
with me. Don't worry about that said the
senator, have an ample supply We will
3 80 to my room and get IT, We went to Sem
his valise four-ounce vial OF whisky and q
teaspoon. Pouring out teaspoonful he hand
ed 1t over to me to take It, - he had no
doubt needed 1t. After i had iEdulged in
one spoonful Sherman took g spoonful hima
self. recorked the little bottle and returned
Il TO- his yalise. Sally, there g one man whc