The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-01-16
THE SCHOOL CHILDREN.
PRECAUTIONS FOR PROTECTING
THETR HEALTH.
Yasteurized MiIk-AIcohoIism In France
To Abatc the Pubiic-spitting
Nuisance-Other Notes.

where vesiibules are furnished Win
.sh.hovls and towels each child Cor, at
los, the children OF each family as Tar
&c possible should have his own tower
and his own drinking-cup, In order 10
o.a against. securely. the danger OF
Tescbcrs should daily inspect every po'-
-, - mo school premises ana MAINTAIN
,~erfoc, cleanliness as far as can DC uone.
Cellars should be whNewaSneu. bls'"oS
,.o,,o,s IN dirt. darkness ana oainP"sss'
No dark damp. musty. unhealthy CEN.
- closet should ever be permitted aoou'
,he PREMISES 10 breed Sickness an" P
lcrce among the pupiis. ,-o., con.
10 teacher or pupil suffering from Con',
~ -, should be permitted to attend
-. scbool. and splitting upon the noois
"a a, tho Railways should he prohiolteu,
sI,nc necilB germs arising from the drieo
.,u,a az consumptive people are pio'''O
.ourccs Of this dreadful disease Upon
.vc,v school board a physician or heaitn
oa8cer should be required whose speoi"'
hutv should be TO look after the sanitary
condition Of school buildings ana prem
sses and tho health Of the pupils Mucn
can be acc,l plished by gaining the CO
onrration Of arents in looking AFTER inc
good health z the children-ther regular
habits. habits OF sleep etc.
Tho long continuance Of eye troupies
,osv he The unsupported source of insom-
MIA. vertigo. nausea and general faiirre
~ health. In many cases the eye trouble
bocones suddenly mischevous owing 10
some failure Of the general health, or 10
Increased sensitivcness OF the brain from
mental or moral causes.
PASTEURIZED MILK.
A celebrated hygiemet In reviewing III
vestigations Of Pasteurized and sterihzcn
milk. said that I'm his own experience ~
nor cent Of the latter form was not sterile.
From this he concluded meteorological as
well as chemical examinations should he
made. I'm this connection. a curious re-
action I'm public opinion Is worthy OF
mole As with the cry Of "WOlf. wolf. III
The ancient fable. so with the great nue.
and cry OF Bacteria which rose 10 It's
acutest pitch and vehemence about four
years ago. To impress duly the puoilc
mind the countless victims OF bacteria
should fall stricken on the pubic high-
WAYS as II stricken by thunderbolts from
Heaven. But when 10 the vulgar gaze
nothing manifestly different from what
they had been accustomed 10 happened
a reaction OF incredibly set in. some
wears years ago u was seemingly adNo-
milk supply should be sterilized in order
10 escape possible infection from tuber-
cuIous cattle. contaminated water, and
septic conditions I'm stable. driving ana
handling. At the present hour more en-
Nghtencd public opinion recognizes that
both economy and hygiene demand
radically different course which is a uni
versal system of prevention and prophy-
Iayis. and not primarily system OF
cure. The training OF dairymen in the
needful hygienic requirement Of their
business and a competent inspectorial
supervision Of cattle and milk are now
the directions in which strenuous efort
Is being made.
The business in sterilzed milk does not
grow out Of an apprehension that or
binary market milk is or may be danger
Gus. but from a very limited demand.
usually prompted by the family physic-
ian. that the infant. invalid, or sick
person may have a safer and better keep
ing milk.
And when we come TO examine more
carefully the nature OF the demand we
find that II is not for steriized milk
rightly and properly so-caled. but for
Pasteurzed milk. Almost all the
so-called sterilized milk supplied
by milk-dealers Is used within
thirty-six hours. About seventy
fve minutes is requisite TO raise the tenn
perature OF the TASKS to 100 degrees F..
nj which temperature they are maintained
for half an hour. and then cooled TO 80
degrees as rapidly as they can be with
safety All the ordinary disease-prOduc-
ing bacteria are destroyed. and the others
which remain do not develop at common
temperatures to such an extent as 10
interfere with keeping for forty-eight to
seventy-two hours longer than the same
milk would keep I'm a nOn-Pasteurized
condition.
MIX thus Pasieurized has very little
OF the taste OF boiled milk. or Of milk
which has been truly sterilized at tenn
peratures considerably above the boiling
point
Viewed from an everyday. practical
point OF view the result Of a general
consideration and trial on the part OF
the medical fraternity and also of the
general public has been decision In
favor OF Pasteurizcd versus sterilized
milk. The grounds-cllnical, chemical and
gastronomic-upon which the verdict un-
favorable to sterlized milk Except where
absolute sterilization is imperative) have
been asked for and obtained have been
detailed in other places.
ALCOHOLISM IN FRANCE.
DR. Barthes. in n report read before
the French Association for the Advance
ment Of Science, at a late meeting, gave
some very discouragng statistics concern
ing the ravages made by alcohol in
France
In some communes the mortality among
the infants OF alcoholic drinkers had
reached as high n per ccntage az 62 OF
those under the age OF two months. Ac-
cording 10 the doctor. the great abuse or
alcohol began in 1850 when there was an
almost total failure Of the wine produc-
tion. From the statistics Of 30 towns
there was noted great and steady in
crease OF infant mortality. as well as a
notable increase in the number of still
born, which have been traced as being
directly due - the abuse OF alcohol. The
effects OF this increased use OF alcohol
upon the physique has also greatly in
creased the number exempt from army
service. The drain upon the finances OF
many departments is on a yearly in
crease. due TO the increasing number OF
the alcoholic insane which fall 10 the
public charge. Or. Barthes considers the
use OF wine as an antidote or preventive
- alcohol Ia sing his QDiniOu