Evening journal., 1898-10-13
LOCAL sURNANEs


ond or surname has become an heredi-
taiy possession in the family, we shall
and that that portion OF It which is
Of local origin bears by far the largest
proportion to the whole. Preiixes OF
various kinds were at first freely used
to declare more particularly whence
the nominee was sprung. Thus, n ne
were come from some town or city, ne
would be William Of York or John OF
Bolton, familiarly pronounced william
York or John a Bolton This, of
course. is met in France by de. as II
was also on English soil during early
Norman times. If, on the other hand,
the situation only OF the abode gave
the personality of the nominee, the con-
Meeting link was varied according to
the humor or caprice OF the speaker or
relative aspect OF the site itself. Thus
we find such entries as John Above
brook or Adelina Aboye-town, or
lThomas Behind-water, or John Be
neath-the-town. The word Lane Is
found attached to the personal name in
the following ways Cecilia in the
Lane, Emma la Lane, John de la
lane. John de Lane, Marietta en- le
Lame. Philippa ate Lame and Thomas
Super Lane.
or the definite terms used, some are
purely Norman, some purely Latin, a
few an admixture of the two. and the
rest are Saxon. ate being the chief one.
This atte was "at the" answering TO
the Norman de la. del or du, and was
Familiarity contracted by our fore
fathers into the other forms OF ate and
att. or, for the sake of euphony, when
a vowel preceded the name proper, ex-
tended to "atten." This atte or att wae
occasionally incorporated with the So
briquet Of locality, and thus became
a recognized part OF the surname itself.
Thus such a name as John atte Wood,
or Gilbert atte Wood, has bequeathed
us not merely the familiar Wood, but
Artwood and Atwood also. In a like
manner atteJRidge has become Att
4 ridge; attelField, Atfeld, while such
e other designations as atte-Town, atte-
Hin, atte-Worth, atte-Tree or atte-
!, Cline are nowadays Alton, Athill, At
/ worth, Attree and Atcliffe.
Such a name as De Ia Dene or Atte
), Den, OF frequent occurrence formerly,
e and as Dean OF Den equally familiar
now. is worthy Of particularly A den
7 was a sunken and wooded vale, where
ii cattle might find alike covert and pas
ture. We have a remembrance OF the
brock in Brockton, the wolf in Wolien-
den, the fox in Foxden, the ram in
Ramsden. the hare in Harden and the
= deer in Dearden, Buckden or Bugden
G The more domesticated animals abids
WITH us in Horsden, Oxenden, Cowden
Is Rayden and Roden, or Rowden
ID Borden and sugden, or sowden, Swim
l. den. lEversden and Ogden, at first writ
n ten de Hogedene.
J. The lee afforded shelter to all man.
d ner Of domestic live stock and some
= few Of the wilder quarry. The equine
e species has given US Horsley, the Do-
e vine CowIey, Kinlee and Oxlee or Ok
4 Icy; the deer, Hartley, Rowley, Buck
G ley and gIlnd.ey; the hare, Harley, and
d the sheep. Shipley. Characteristic oi
:, the trees which enclosed it we get ASH
+ ley, Elmsley, Oakley, Lindley or Berke-
ley.
d Our Hargreaves hail from the grove
8, where the hares are plentiful, and cur
i Congreaves represent the same IN the
J. coney. Our Cloughs represent the mar
!. row fiseures bebwixt the hills. TO the
l. same root we owe cur Olives, Clifies
s Cleves and Cloves, besides end
d less Cnffords, Clevelands, Tmnicllffes
j. sutc,iffes. Ratcliffs, Faircolughs, etc.
5, Another branch of local surnames
e throws light upon the migratory
Z, habits androvng tendencies of our fore
3, fathers. Thus such "a name as Peter
b le Newe. or Gilbert le Newcomer, on
J. Waiter le Neweman, declares to us at
lage OF hamlet in England which mas
not subscribed in this manner to our
u nomenclature, as Ralph de Debenham
y or Miles de Ashford A passing from
4 one part Of the British empire TO an
4 other L-s been a prolific source OF
, names Thus, we find Henry de
i Iriaund. Adam de Irland, Roger le Es-
col and Maurice le Scot.
{ Other countries also furnished many
= names. The Arters, once registered
e de Artroys. came from Artois; the
+ Gaslgins and Gascoignes, from Gascony
Z while to Champagne we are indeDuea
i sor the Champneys. To Lombardy and
Z the Jews we owe the LOm-
1 bards, Loumbards and Lubbards.
From le A.eman, or de Al
mania, or le Alemaund, have sprung
> Almanda. or le Alemaund, have sprung
our Alemans, Almaines and Af.mans,