Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1898-04-16

States, he does not tnereDy cnange tne
status of the militia or annul the con-
stitution ! the state militia becomes
the national militia, but it is so only
in name to distinguish it from the rest
of the militia not in the field. This
militia can be used for only three pur-
poses the enforcement of law, the
suppression of insurrection, and to re-
pei an invasion.
Gall of these things must be done,
naturally. within the territory Of the
United States. No power can make
these militiamen do duty as soldiers
one inch beyond the boundary line of
this country.
MUST VOLUNTEER AS INDIVIDUALS.
"It has been said that they can be
taken into the army as volunteers.
They can come into the regular army
as individuals, but cannot be forced
in by a presidential call or by enact
ment of a law by congress. The con-
stitution places them beyond the reach
even of the chief executive and the
natlOudl leSlSldGuTe.
"They cannot volunteer as national
guard, as organized state militia. The
organized state militia and the volun-
teers furnished by state for the
United States service are two separate
organizations of an entirely different
character. The national guard is
state organization for service in the
state, which may be called into the
service of the United States on the
three kinds of occasions I have men
toned, and used by the United States
only for the purposes mentioned, and
within its borders. When not being
so used by the United States, it can be
used as a military force by the state
to suppress insurrection, repel inva-
sions, etc., but the volunteer organiza-
tions furnished by a state for the
United States service cannot be used
by the state at all for any purpose, and
can be used by the United States for
all purposes, and anywhere.
AS TO COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
"a member of the national guard
can leave that organization and enter,
by contract or enlistment, into a vol
unteer organization to be furnished to
the United States by the state. Or he
can enter the volunteer organization
as a commissioned officer if he can
secure commission for that purpose.
He, however, cannot enter on his mill
tia commission-thati is, commission
as a militia officer. He must have
commission as an officer of the volun-
teer organization. Whether he would
have to secure his commission from the
governor of his state or from the
president cannot now be determined,
because there is no law in force on the
subject, and that is another strange
thing, may mention in passing.
ave have always had to depend
largely on volunteer organizations,
when we have had any considerable
trouble, and yet we never have had
any permanent law authorizing the &C.
ceptance of the service of volunteers.
On each occasion a temporary law has
been hurriedly passed for the occasion
after the trouble was on us. The only
way the regular army can be increased
to meet the emergency is to call for
volunteers.
HOW STATE TROOPS MAY BE KEPT IN
TACT.
1.-THE war department will, if the
members of militia organizations vol
unteer in sufficient number, maintain
such organization intact, aud have its
officers commissioned by the govern.
ment. This is desirable, as it would
keep up the esprit de corps, and make
every regiment popular and source
of pride in its state. 1t would also
make the war popular, and in repub-
lie no administration can carry on sue
cessful war unless it is made popular.
81 should say, therefore, that the
army of occupation Of Cuba, or what
ever it may be called, will be COM
posed of the regular army almost ex-
clusively, at least at first Later it
will be reinforced by volunteers, and
volunteer regiments and divisions per-
haps will be sent either 10 that island
or wherever it may be necessary to
conduct the war.
"Such a condition ought not to be
possible. We should be better pre-
pared in the matter of raising troops
for war whenever war is unavoidable.
AS it is, the president will have, in all
probability, to call for volunteers, as
Lincoln did, either with the direct or
implied assent of congress.