davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12

ton to the needs of the plants we are
growing than to the soil in which they
grow. Farmers have learned, too, that
while the three things essential TO plant
life--nitrogen, potash and phosphoric
acid-which are generally deficient IN
old soils make a complete fertilizer
they must be in varying percentages TO
meet the demands Of different crops,
and the recent discoveries concerning
the way in which certain plants OF the
pea family get nitrogen for themselves
and the succeeding crop, too, II well
supplied with potash and phosphoric
acid, have shown them that they need
not in all cases use the complete ferti-
lizer at all, but that for the ordinary
farm crops they can get the nitrogen
without money and without price II
they use the mineral plant food to grow
the legumes.
The farmers are rapidly learning
that they have been often defrauded In
the purchase Of ready made fertilizers
by paying for nitrogen that is Of no use
to the plants because of its insoluble
condition, and that for special crops
they have got to have higher percentage
of some of the elements than any OF the
ready made fertilizers supply. Hence
we find farmers all over the country,
particularly in sections devoted TO the
culture of market vegetables and tobac-
co, mixing their own fertilizers, and
thus making sure that they have what
they need. They have learned, too, that
while crop may need potash partic-
ularly they cannot expect the potash to
have the desired effect if there is de-
ficiency of nitrogen and prosphoric acid
either in the soil or in the fertilizer
used, and that to get the best results
from the use of any one of the forms OF
plant food there must be either IN the
soil or supplied to it artificially due
percentage of the ether elements They
have learned that while "a plant like to-
bacco needs large percentage OF potash
in fertilizer it wants it in the form OF
sulphate, and they look particularly
| into the form of the potash in a mixed
fertilizer. And this general diffusion Of
intelligence in regard to fertilizers and
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12

There are three things about tho po-
tato market to be considered by those
who are holding their stock for high
price ia the spring. The total crop q
the country is SMALL. In ordinary years
farmers do not ship large quantities 81
second sized potatoes This year small
potatoes have found ready sale, ana
thousands of bushels that in other years
would not have been sent have bees
sold early at fair prices. Thousands q
bushels that in other years were fed e
stock or thrown away have this year
been saved and used for home consump.
ton, thus leaving free for market as
many moro bushels Of good potatoes.
All over the south farmers and garden
ers are planning for an immense early
crop, which will begin to come before
the old stock is fully cleared up. The
chances are fair, therefore, that tbs
farmers who are holding their potatoes
in expectation Of high price in March
or April may be disappointed. Rural
New Yorker.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12
Newn and Notes.

From the Kentucky experiment sta
ton comes the caution that bluestone
when used in very strong solutions de-
stroys the vitality of portion OF the
wheat soaked in il. Az that station the
hot water treatment has the preference.
1t is said that only 3 per cent of
farmers fail. while only 8 per cent OF
men in other lines of business escape
failure.
Rural New Yorker says that the
French bur mills do the grinding quite
as we'll as the large mills and do not
require very much power to do the work.
Secretary of Agriculture Wilson i
becoming alarmed ut the rapid spread
of the San Jose scale and is considering
the matter of establishing a rigid quar-
antine against it.
Find time to attend the farmers in
stitutes. Take the adult members OF
your family.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12
rHREE FORMS on wTNpMILLs.

THREE FORMS OF wTNDNfILLs.
angles, at the ends Of which are vertical
crossbars for the support of the yanes
Upon these crossbars should be hinged
frames covered with canvas or other
light material, as in Fig. l." Thus
writes a correspondent of Rural New
Yorker, who accompanies his remarks
with descriptive sketches. He adds:
"As the arms are revolyed the wind
forces each vane in turn against the
horizontal arm, until ON reaching the
farthest point to leeward the wind,
striking the back of the vane, causes
It to unfold and swing freely in the
wind till it completes revolution.
Two of the four vanes are thus always
under wind pressure and two drawing
into position
1.-THE principal expense in motor OF
this form is the cost of the canvas, if
that material should be used, while if
old lumber be substituted it could be
constructed perhaps more cheaply than
the Go Devil. This is the simplest form
of the device and could only be stopped
by means of brake aud afterward back
ing until all the vanes are free from
pressure on the arms. 1t would revolve
either way, as it might be started There
are a number of notifications of this
motor, varying in the manner of Ringing
the vanes, as also in adapting 1T to be
thrown out of gear, etc. Fig. 2 shows
the same with the vanes swinging di-
rectly from the arms and held against
the wind by ropes. This form would
revolve only one way, according as the
restraining cords are connected and
could be thrown out of gear by having
the ropes run over pulleys and slacken-
ing them as required. In Fig. the
yanes swing between parallel arms, be-
ing held against the wind pressure by a
movable bar or lever, which will in
one position allow the vane to swing
through the whole circle, and in anoth-
er stop the vane on coming into the
wind. The size and power of these mo-
tors are limited only by the length of
arms and axis and the area of the
vanes, which will depend, in turn, up
on the use to which it is to be put and
the pocketbook of the owner.
1.-THE power will be considerable with
very little expense, as an arm OF 10
feet in length will support vane of 10
feet square-that is to say, a surface OF
100 square feet to be opposed to the
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12
Potato Pointers.

Various opinions prevail in Aroostook
as to the best policy to pursue relative
TO holding for higher prices. A Maine
farmer tells in The New England Home
stead that he inclines to think the farm
ers who sold direct from the field in
August and September will have no
cause to regret it. From Morris county,
N. j., comes the report that farmers are
inclined to hold potatoes for an advance
in price, believing that by spring they
will rule 20 to 90 per cent over present
prices of 90 cents to 81 per bushel local
". A Massachusetts, correspondent,
writing from Franklin county, said that
farmers are not selling to any extent In
his section, but most are holding for
higher prices.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12
FARMERS INSTITUTES.
Their Educational Value as Explained By
n Wen known Southern Authority.


n Wen Known southern Authority.
Professor Massey Of the North Caro-
lima state experiment station writes on
"How Institutes Have Educated Farm
ers' in The Farmers Institute Bulletin.
Following are extracts from his paper I;
Among all the educational agencies
Of modern times in the line of what is
known as university extension tho farm
ers' institutes have been most inf1uen
tial. The progress that has been made
in the study of commercial fertilizers
and their proper use during the last 10
years is a surprise to those who have
not watched the course Of events. Years
ago farmers, as soon as they began to
think at all about the manurial needs Of
the soil, jumped at once to the conclu-
sion that the one thing necessary to be
done was to get a chemist to analyze
their soil for them and tell them what
it needed They had an indistinct sort
Of notion that there were certain things
needed to make plants grow, but just
what these things were they imagined
that only chemist could tell. But the
chemists at the institutes explained to
them Just what things were needed for
the growth of plants and taught them
that these things were not always in a
state in the soil in which plants could
use them, and that, while chemical
analysis might show them that the
needed elements were in a soil, they
might be there in such shape that
plants could not get them and that fire.
quently itmight be better to apply these
things in fertilizer than to wait for
the slow purposes of nature to give them
from the soil
When manufacturers of artificial fer
tilizers first began to prepare special
fertilizers for different crops, they were
looked upon as quacks, and intelligent
men called the practice humbuggery
and said that fertilizer that was good
for one crop was just as good for all.
But the chemists have learned that
these makers of special fertilizers were
right, and now we all pay more atten,
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12

SHAFT THROUGH TANK-sHAFr THROUGH
UPPER FLOOR.
wind. With a fair wind this would be
equal to several horsepower. Probably
vanes one fourth that size, 5 by feet,
would suffice for ordinary pumping, es-
pecially if placed on arms of 10 feet in
length.
1.-THE vertical axis must be high
enough to reach above wind obstruc-
lions, yet in case of the motor being
placed on a barn CT ON tank with a
tower the axis could be considerably re-
duced The manner of supporting the
axis, as well as the means of transfer
ring its slow rotary motion to machinery
is left TO the Judgment of the reader in
each particular case. For most purposes
a large sprocket wheel with the usual
linked chain would seem to be most
suitable. Sec figures in the second cut,
which illustrate connecting windmill
with chain and sprocket.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12

HOMEMADE WlNDMlLLs.
Sew Forms Tested and Reported Upon By
q Maryland Farmer.

Sew Forms Tested and Reported Upon By
q Maryland Farmer.
Before investing in steel mill, tow
ers and tank for farm uses / had studied
at length number Of contrivances for
Harvesting the winds. The weak point
Of the Go Devil and kindred devices is
found in its inability to meet winds
from varying points. In most localities
much time is lost by calm weather
through having to wait for favorable
winds. ! concluded to adopt the follow
ing modification Of a childs toy, as
combining cheapness and power with
extreme simplicity Of construction
1t is made as follows: A vertical axis Of
any suitable dimension is provided with
four horizontal arms crossing at right
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1898-02-12

their action IN plant life is due tothe IN
stitutes more than to any other agency
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07

whereas an order was passed at
former term of the county court not to
make any appropriation for any pau
per who is not resident Of the county
asylum. 1t is hereby moved and sec
onded that the order referred to above
be and the same is hereby amended so
as not to apply to any person who has
reached the age of one hundred years,
On melton of Esquire Farnham,
Chas. Smith was released frOm road
duty and payment of poll tax.
On motion of Esquire Martin, the
Commissioners of the Poor were au-
thorized to provide the necessaries Of
life for Mrs. Nancy Owens, woman
105 years old.
The motion to increase the salary Of
Tax Assessor Martin was taken NJ
again and after considerable discussion
was defeated by vote of 80 to 7.
The appropriation docket was taken
up and after lengthy discussion and
once being voted down was finally car.
ried.
The court agreed to put one telephone
in the Registers office and one in thu
Trustees and Circuit Court Clerks Of
fee.
After all this important work thu
court adjourned, the solons drew theil
per diem and departed.
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
TRANSIT METEORS,

If all the people who knew just how
to run newspaper were to go into the
business, the farms, store houses, shops
and Offices would suffer from desola-
ton. Huntsville Videtta.
If it takes five or six German war.
ships under Admiral Won Dieder ichs
to protect fifty or sixty Germans in
Manila, then the German navy mu st
be male OF wienerwurst and Limbur-
ger cheese. Commercial Appeal.
Some of them cimlin-headed sena-
tors up to Washington are saying that
we must not annex Hawaii, because
the girls there dance the hooley-hooley
dance. We don't know what the dance
is, but we are willing to chance it with
them and want to be annexed. -Harde-
man Free Press.
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
HAWS CRoSS ROADS.

AS this is my first letter to your no.
BILE paper, it might be instructive to
many of your numerous readers for me
to state where this place is located. 1t
is twelve miles west of Jonesboro on
the Fall Branch road, within three
miles Of Fall Branch. 1t has a postof-
fee, telephone and one store, owned
by Shepherd Bros, who are doing a
thriving business, and are always ready
to wait on their many customers The
only thing that could be said against
them is that some Of them are border
ing on the bachelors list, NotwiIh
standing the many lassies that have
been prepared for their capture in til,
way Of curls, paint and fine dl essing,
they seem to be perfectly defiant yet
The most Of our citizens are gosG
and clever. We have few, | am Sor
ny to say, who will take anything that
the law will not take hold of them for,
whether it is right or wrong. But
most of them have clever wives. We
have few very old people here. Mr..
James Haws, Elk sheriff W. S. White
and Mrs. Mary Brown, all up in s i.
Mr.. Mike Eden died the 9th of
June at II O'Clock p. m.
Joseph Good has a girl at his house,
and thinks it the finest specimen of its
sex that has yet appeared.
Wheat is very good and most all
hauled in. Corn is mostly clean and
looks fairly we'll. Oats are fine. Grass
was looking we'll but the high waters
spoiled that which was on low ground.
Mrs. Hale Kinchelow was visiting
her father, w. s. White, Sunday, who
is quite poorly.
Mrs. J. B. White and niece, Miss
Mary Boyd, spent Sunday with Miss
Lena Rylen.
j. B. White went to two meetings
Saturday. Rev. Steel preached.
July, '98. BIsHor.
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
NOTICE.

BY virtue Of the power vested in NE
10y deed OF trust executed by S. ID.
Carmichael on June 20, 1892, and re.
corded in the Registers Office at Jones.
boro, Tenn, June 20, 1882 in trust
deed book No 7,page GIG. will offer
for sale on
THURSDAY, JULY 81, 1898
front Of The Court House in John
son City, Tenn. lots No Is and 16 in
block Is. Also one-half undivided in
lGrest in lots No II, Is, 10, and 20 in
block II all OF the above lots are 25
teet front and l40 feet deep and loca-
ted In the Carnegie Land Co.'s add.
ton to johnson City, Tenn.
This sale will be made to pay two
notes to W G, Morse and B. H Ed
ridge Tor $4,000, each with interest.
Said sale will be for cash and in bar
Of the equity Of red9mption-the same
being authorized in said trust deed
]. W. CRUMlEY. Trustee,
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
Cervera's Desperate Dash.

The greatest of modern naval battles
occurred last Sunday between the
American fleet, under Admiral Samp-
son, and the Spanish feet. under Ad-
miral Cervera, in the Caribbean Sea,
off the southern coast of Cuba.
The destruction Of Admiral Cervera's
fleet was complete. The shattered
hulks of four fine cruisers and two tor
pedoboat destroyers lie along the beach
near Santiago. Admiral Cervera, sew
enty of his officers and !, 900 men are
prisoners, while $50 of his men were
killed and 1850 wounded.
And, to make almost miricle of it,
this was accomplished with the loss Of
only one American life and the wound
ing of two American sailors.
Admiral Cervera's attempt to escape
was made about 8 o'clock Sunday morn
ing. AS soon as his flag ship, leading
his feet in column, appeared at the
mouth of the harbor, the American
ships began to close in on him. In a
minute every gun in the feet was
pouring destruction upon the Span.
iards, who made desperate and hope.
less struggle In less than two hours
it was all over.
The story of the battle is full of dra'
matiC episodes, conspicuous among
which is the destruction of the two tor
pedo boats by the Gloucester, under
command Of Lieut., Commander Vain.
wright, formerly of the Maine.
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07

A Spanish official dispatched to Mad
rid from Santiago says admiral Ger
vera's squadron made a sortie FROM
Santiago aud after q cannonade with
the Americans showed no signs Of in
jury" That's such terrible Spanish
lie that its the whole truth. The
squadron shows no signs OF injury be-
cause it is 'out of sight at the bottom
of the sea- We don't know whether
the attempt to. escape was sortie or not
but we do know that what resulted is
thesortie thing that we hope will never
happen to any American vessel.
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
II awes KeebIer Writes Home.


Halves KeebIer has been heard from.
He is a machinist on board the U. S. S.
Sustin in Simpsons fleet and took
part in the bombardment of Moro Cas-
tie on June 9Th. We publish his letter
to his mother, rot because it gives any
news of the BATTLE, but because
we believe it will interest his friends
here to know he is we'll and loyal
10 his celors.
On board U. S. s. Justin, Santiago,
Cuba, June 8, 1898. In SIMPSONS and
DeSchley Fleet in Caribbean Sea Dear
Ma and Pa Well I have not received
any news from home yet, can get any
mail, but / wrote you a letter the
other day, but don't know whether it
has gone oHt of the feet or not. Well
any way you will get it before you re-
ceive this one. Well we have had a
bombardment Sunday, June 5, from
7:40 till 1890 a. m, which was very in
teresting to witness. 1t was MORO
Castle and shore batteries, not the city.
The fort is at the entrance to the har-
Dor; the city is located in land on a
beautiful bay, where the Spanish YES
sells ia bottled up. They will either
have to fight pretty soon or surrender
for the troops will soou be here and
then the fun will begin. The Spanish
ships can't get out for we have sunk
one of our Coalliers in the entrance of
the harbor and eight of our men were
captured Merrimac was the ships
name. You see the entrance was so
narrow ships would have to enter sim
gle file, so we can't go in or they can't
come out. Now to the battle, it was a
hard one to for us not to have shot to
hit any of our ships. We were the
nearest being struck, she'll struck
when | was on deck % feet from us on
starboard side of us fired from the
Viscaya in the harbor. Another shell
went close to our galley, but the New
Orleans and Iowa did some fine shoot
ing; it lasted until the batteries were
silenced. About 900 are reported to
have been killed on the Spanish side
and not one on our side. We could
see every shot strike from our ships; it
was fine sight to witness. Well it is
believed that they will sink this one
too, and [ for one will volunteer 10
take her in the harbor. We are to
take Porto Rico as soon as Santiago
fails. So can't tell when we will ever
get back, may be never. We have
come to stay, not to be run away. 1t
is awful hot but cool nights. Well |
hope we will come out all 0 X, but il
We can't, why we can't, it's the Lords
will that will take us through. / am
well and am satisfied, so don't be I'M
easy. hope you are all we'll. Give
my love to children and friends. So
l will have to close; goodbye Hope
will see home ence more for your sake,
not that | am afraid of dying for my
flag. Well take good care of yourself.
| remain Your boy,
HAwRs.
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
Spain's Honor Satisfied.

Barcelona, Suly 4.-The Diario pub
fishes q remarkable article, strongly
urging peace between Spain and the
United States, during the course Of
which itsays:
"The Americans are winning by
strength of will and perseverance, and
while the war responds to the national
feeling of all Americans, Spain was
forced into the war by party politics, "
Then the article, after declaring the
Americans were the aggressors, and
that Spain was bound to defeat her ma
tional honor, says:
"Our honor being satisfied, nothing
compels us to continue such an unequal
combat. We cannot compel those who
have gone to the war to defeat our
honor to fight to the death. Those who
are directing the struggle o1sht to PIT
an end to the duel, when it is mater
tally impossible for one Of the combat
ants to continue it.
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
TILE 0. L. a GIN COURT.

1t is announced that the Ohio River
and Charleston railroad is to be sold by
order of the court. In connection
with this statement is report that the
South Carolina and Georgia Railroad
company may possibly purchase the
line and extend it to the Tennessee coal
fields, also connect the portions now in
operation in Tennessee and North and
South Carolina. y Manufacturers Rec
ord,
The comet. (Johnson City, Tenn.) 1884-1916, 1898-07-07
SECOND DAY.

Court met at 8 o'clock pursuant to
adjour nment,
According to agreement the bills in
Cured by johnson City during the
small pox epidemic before the county
took charge, we're taken up and were
discussed at length. The vote was
taken and the accounts we're not al
lowed by vote of 81 to 5.
An effort to raise the salary of the
tax assessor in the 9th district was de-
feated unceremoniously.
On motion of Esquire Mcneil the
property of Joe Reed was transferred
from the 9th to the 10th district.
On motion of Esquire Carson John
Smith was released from payment of
privilege tax ON photographers.
The following Jurors were selected
for the August term of circuit court:
LIST district; ]. M. Seaton; 2nd, Taylor
Payne, G. Wheeler; Srd, Geo. A.
Rodgers; 4th, L. @. Deaderick; 5th,
VIM, Bayless, Chas. Sprinkle; 9th, S.
H. Strain; 18th, Geo. McCrary; 9Th, 1.
N. Walter, Sam Patterson; 9th, J. r..
@. Lewis. S. B. McAdams; 10th, David
Feathers; nth, Andy J. Sherfey; 18th,
John MAIDEN; 10. L. H, Shipley; 14th,
J. NJ. Bacon, j. H. Keebler: 10Th, J.
z. Peoples; 10th, B. G, Carson, W.
Campbell; 18th, Jas. M. Armentrout,
E. Dunn; 18th, Isaac Williams.
The constables for the end and 18th
districts were elected to wait upon the
circuit court at the August term.
The following resolution was passed: