The Cape Girardeau Democrat. (Cape Girardeau, Mo.) 1876-1909, 1898-09-10
ENGLAND and AMERICA.
The Proposed Anglo-American AL.
lance and What It Would
Signify.
4 subject OF PRESENT IMPORTANCE.
Address Delivered by Charles A. Gardiner,
AM, Ph.D., Counsel for the Elevat-
ed Railroads of New York City, Before
the American Social Science AssocIs-
ton at Saratoga. n. Y.

the American Social Science AssocIs-
ton at Saratoga. n. Y.
Saratoga, y. Y, Aug. 31.-The fol-
lowing address on The Proposed An
glo-American Alliance was delivered
before the American Social Science
association, at its annual meeting in
this city,by Charles A. Gardiner, AM,
PH.D., of New York city.
The Address.
The nations of the ancient world were
swept from existence one by one, by a
sudden and terrible death. In the back
ground of centuries says Hugo, we see
those immense vessels, Babylon, Nineveh,
Tarsus, Thebes and Rome, sunk by the
terrific blasts that blow from the mouths
of darkness" Mediaeval and modern
states have lived longer, yet for ZOO
years death has claimed its victims with
ever-increasing fatality, and tribal and
state entities are fewer to-day. than ever
before. Intense concentration is the rule
of modern life. Steam and electricity
have eliminated space and time. and the
world is now one-tenth as large as in
$500. Private rights are aggregated into
corporations and trusts; n strong ma
tions, rejecting the spirit of the age grow
larger and stronger until the nation and
the race become identical, while weak
states grow weaker. and die, or are abb
sOrbed by the strong world powers.
In continental Europe and Asia, Russia
- Nv jill NALAtr 4iANADlC SlAAA AAASA SAS-
ing dominant power, and its domains are
practically coincident with the Slavic race;
in the western hemisphere the United
States is supreme, and in the rest of the
world Great Britain, two nations whose
territories embrace the A~nglo-SaXon race.
These three nations, and two races, in the
ultimate analysis of human power, rule
the world. Thousands of miles from their
seats of government, on the other side of
the globe, they have met, face to face,
for the first time in history. For 200 years
Russia struggled TO reach the open sea,
and to-day her flag floats over Port Ar
thur. England has been in the orient for
a century; and America now holds the
Philippines.
Shall it be America for Americans, seq
regatiOn for the rest of the world. a pol
icy of isolation, and internal development
without external expansion? Or shall we
keep the Philippines, and enter the lists
and empire of the world? If the latter
course, shall We encourage alliances, or
Shun them; contract offensive and de-
fensive treaties, or avoid them? The an
swers to these questions are one, and are
not found in recent events. but in social,
economic and political forces, that have
been silently at work for centuries.
Russian aggression is consistent and
ineXorable. y policy once formed is never
changed. Eight hundred years ago Rus
STA attacked C~onstantinOple, and failed;
in the Crimean war she would have an
initiated Turkey had not France and En-
gland interviewed; now with a part of Ar
menia in her possession. and m
and France at her side, she hopes to defy
England and absorb the rest of the Otto
man empire. For a hundred years she
has been acquiring portions of Persia, and
her protectorate to-day is so autoCratic
over the balance that the shah is virtu-
ally a Russian vasSai. China, north and
east of Pekin. she claims as her sphere of
influence, and she is now disputing with
England the sovereignty of the great CEN
trail legion. When il is realized that 81
IBERIA borders the empire for 1000 miles,
that Tartars and MOguls inhabit both
sides of an imaginary boundary. that
China is helpless, and that England, sin
gle-handed, has confessed her Impotence,
the probabilities are strong that northern,
eastern and a large part of central China
may pass under the rule Of st. Peters
burg.
Such is Russia to-day, and she hopes to
be in the future; a continuous, compact,
p pne9TnGTie5a6 ole 500 SS ,0Gai Gs T Te6PIe a f f66gmirE6
whose veins will flow the invincible viril-
fly of COssaCk. and Tartar and Slavic
blood; an empire of warriors, Asiatic in
spirit, born to fight, and whose only glory
is in conquest; a nation that has Russian
lied every people it has conquered. until
the nation and race are identical, and
tina race the one on the whole globe most
inimical to every element of AnglO-Amer-
ican civilization: differing from us in
language, literature, religion and govern
ment. and vigorously ~antagOnistic to all
our conceptions of human rights and
human duties. This great power is OPP
posed to an AnglO-American alliance, and
TO protect her interests has FASTENED to
Washington her ablest and most subtle
diplomat.
When the Chinese-Japanese war re-
vealcd China not only as a dying nation,
but ever then az almost dead. England
sought to induce Russia to abandon mill
ftary occupation of the empire, and failed.
War was the alternative; but England
deprecated war because, as Mr.. Cham
berlain said: History shows us that un-
less we are allied to some great military
power. as we were in the Crimean war,
we can not seriously oppose Russia" And
he admitted: 1T is impossible to overrate
49,. --,,ff - &C thaf -grtA = I tho ,A1
icy of isolation is to be maintained in the
future. then the fate of the Chinese en-
pire may be, hereafter, decided without
reference to our wishes and in defiance of
our interests
Just as this peril seems to be culminat-
ing. the ~pOrtentIuS figure of the American
Republic. armed. alert. victorious. rises
/ slowly up in the Philippines. Shall Amer
lea keep tho islands? This question has be-
come fundamental to the consideration Of
an alliance. Without the Philippines. the
preiudices and environment of the past
might control discussion: but with them,
an alliance becomes the most important
problem of our new world relations.
1t has taken US nearly a century to
push our domain across the continent and
along 1900 miles of the Pacific coast.
BY conquest, annexation and purchase.
within a hundred years we have expand
ed our territory westward over $3.50 600
cQuare miles. We are now engaged in
pushing our coast line 1000 miles farther
out, to Hawaii. We own the Aleutian is
lands, almost at the gates of Japan. In
Samoa we have naval and coaling rights.
An island in the Ladrones will soon be
ours. Why turn back from the Philip
pines2
II is objected that the islands are extra
territorial and nOn-contiGuOus: but Porto
Rico is 1000 miles from Florida: Hawaii is
100 miles from San Francisco; the near
tst point of Alaska is 500, and its farther
Est point 1,600 miles from Seattle; and the
Aleutian islands extend not only 2,4OO
miles from our borders, but into the geo
graphical system of another continent.
1t is objected that military government
may have to be maintained for years,
contrary to the spirit of our institutions;
but military government existed in the
southern states from 1865 to 1870; and in
Alaska from 1867 to 1884. It is objected
that colonial or territorial government
may exist indefinitely, while statehood is
contemplated in the constitution; but
Alaska has been a territory for 81 years
and Arizona and New Mexico for 50. 1t
was SO years before Wisconsin, and s.
years before Montana, became states. 1t
s objected that the inhabitants are alien
races Infatuated to other Institutions
md forms of government; but Florida
when acquired was peopled by Indians
and S~paniards; Louisiana by Spaniards,
French and negroes; alien races and in
situations existed in New Mexico and Ari-
IONA; and Alaska had Indians on the
Yukon and Russians in Sitka. 1t is OBJ
jected that we will abrogate the Monroe
doctrine; but that doctrine, freed from
its academic cobwehs, is the nOn-inter-
ventiOn of European powers in matters