davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
A VETERANS "REMINISCENCES.
Washing One ofthe Things he Learned
To Do While i'm the Army.

WHO did your washing In the army?'
veteran Of the civil war was asked.
This made the veteran laugh r. little 10
himself because 10 recalled days when
he took his only woollen shirt. not To- the
White Cloud or Opera laundry. but down
TO the nearest brook or water course. and
there sat down on the bank and washed
II himself. lie explained these things 10
his questiGner as well as ne could. and
told how q man always tried 20 carry In
MS napsdck an extra shirt and an extra
suit ~ underclothing. but how there wer"
times when man didn't even carry his
knapsack with him. when the only bag
gage ne did carry was his two blankets
MS wo0il-n blanket packed iu long roll
inside his rubber blanket-and these slung
over his shoulder like "a great thick
sash: when instead OF carrying extra
undertaking he carried extra rations IN
MS haversack and maybe extra cart
ridges.
Then again. he went on to tell. there
were times when they had things 10
wear and when somebody could be got 10
do the Washing. II the regiment was
settled down somewhere IN camp for q
few weeks. o. possibly months. n nigh,
be that somebody In the neigh5orhood
would do washing In the South In the
civil war more or less washing was done
under such circumstances BY the colored
people. Again, asids-irom the times
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
PATRIOTIC CATHOLICS,
This is Their Country and They VIII
Help to Defend II.

Btfip W ttfifiAh ~
NEW YORK. May Not since the
LAYING Of the cornerstone of ST. Patrick
Cathedral i'm 1864 has there been a cele-
hrstion among Roman Catholics This
country equal 30 ceremony and maghih-
cence TO that begun to-day 20 celebrate
the twenty-hfth anniversary Of the ele-
walton 10 the cpiscopate of the Most Rev
Michael Augustine Corrigan.
There was a pontihcal nigh mass at 10
o'clock this morning at the Cathedral
the silver chimes were rugg for the first
time and there was procession OF mo-
table Catholic Clergymcn with guard
OF honor Of five hundred cadets.
Every clergyman taking part In the
mass was a dignitary Of the Church.
The papal delegate. Archbishop Maru-
nelh, was present A grand orchestra,
selected singers and enlarged chorus sup
piled the music.
A certificate Of cancellation for the
debt Of 10000 on the Dunwoodie Semi
nary. conceived and begun by the Arch
bishop. was handed him. IL having been
raised by popular subscription In few
months
The vestments We're made OF cloth and
silver and embroidery of gold. surpass-
ing IN maguihcence the remarkable vest
ments already at st. Patricks Vestry,
some Of which cost 5000 apiece.
A banquet at the Boys Orphanage, at
tended By about four hundred ciergymen,
including archbishops bishops and
priests followed the Sc vices at the Ca
thedral. Bishop Farley read congratu-
latiOns from Cardinal Ramapola. the
POpe's secretary.
Mgr. Martinez. responded TO the toast
"Our Holy Fa,Ser' IN Latin. placing the
works of Leo KILL and declaring that
his acts I'M behalf of humanity would
stand a. a lasting monument TO his honor
md glory. In introducing Bishop Nc
Quade. Of Rochester. who spoke TO the
toast. "Our Country" Bishop Farley,
said "this is one CT the greatest cOun-
tries that man ever lived for. blcd for or
died for"
Now that the nation is engaged in
deadly struggle. the Catholics of the
country will be among the first to risk
their lives for its defense, and more than
one-third OF the navy is composed Of
Catholics.
Bishop McQuadds speech was along
patriotic lines. In conclusion he said.
we want a country unshackled by the
chains Of European customs Our fore
fathers laid down for us principles that
are abiding. and 7 am not 50 much "A be-
lever in tho army and navy as ] am in
the good common sense OF the American
people believe in an army which will
embrace an the people: which will enable
vs. N defy an the world. and in time OF
war 70 call not a million but ten million
men INTO the held then shall We be able
20 dictate 20 Europe and the world the
doctrine ~ peace.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
NOTABLE Event
IN BEDFORD CITY.
Miss Eva Graham Marshall, Bride Of
Julian c. SneIIings.
BEAUTIFUL CHURCH WEDDING,
The Baptist Church Handsomely Dec
grated and n Pretty TabIcau Scene
Enacted by the Bridal Couple
aud Their Attendants

BEDFORD CITY. VA. May Especial
At u O'Clock to-day Miss Eva Graham
Marshall. daughter Of Dr. II. II. Mar
shall. OF this city. and sister. Of Or. Il.
r. Marshall Of the Medical College Of
Virginia. became the bride Of Mr.. Julian
c. Smelling. Of Manchester, Va.
The ceremony was In the Baptist
church. which had been tastefully deco
rated with white and pink flowers inter
woven with evergreen. cedar and holly
the pulpit which had been caTpeted with
white. being mass Of foliage In which
white pred0minated. The church had
been darkened and lighted artiiicially
and the effect was subducd and beau
tiftil harmony.
Mrs. S. II. Burt presided az the organ.
TABLEAU SCENE.
The bridal party entered in the follow
ing order: First little Master ThOrnhill.
dressed IN black velvet and little Miss
Ruth Hancock I'm pink; who opened the
white gates that led 90 the pulpit where
Rev. Royal. pastor OF the church and
Dr. Halves. OF the Presbyterian church.
awaited the party Following the chill
dren came the attendants as follows:
Messrs. c. W. Thomas and Richard
Hancock. G.. A. Shipman and Horace
Falconer. Henry Patterson and i. II.
Richardson. then the groom and his best
man Mr. Grayson l.. Fairbanks, OF Rich
Ynond Next were Miss Sallie Eubank
and Miss Lizzie Davidson dressed IN
white organdie. Miss Hennie Hopkins and
Miss Ellen Robinson. I'm pink. Miss ollie
Patterson and Miss Gertrude Lee. i'm
white. and Miss Bessie Mathews. OF Man
chester maid Of honor In pink preceding
the bride leaning on the arm Of her
brother. Or r. Il. Marshall
THE CEREMONY.
A. The foot Of the pulpit the bride was
foined by the groom and th couple pro-
ceeded between the attendants ranged
on each side 20 the awaiting ministers.
who performed the ceremony.
while The solemn words were spoken
by Rev Royal and prayer by Or. HAYES
the music changed 10 Sweetest Story
Ever Told" and when the final benedic
ton had been pronounced. the strains
Of Ever BE Happy sped them on their
way as tho party left the church for
the home ~ the brides father. where
sumptuous repast awaited them.
HOME EMBARRASSMENT.
The parlor halls and dining-room had
been deliberately decorated with pink.
white and evergreen. The presents
were numerous and costly The couple
took the 2.-O train for q trip 20 Washing
ton. The bride IS one Of Bedfords most
popular and accomplished daughters and
the groom is a prominent druggist Of
Manchester Va. whore the couple VIII
reside.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
where Piano Pounding is Prohibited.

Berlin, of all big cities. has most sue
cessfully dealt with the problem Of keep
ing noises down to the minimum SAID
DIT J. Won Becker. Of the German me-
tropolis Railway engines cannot blow
their whistles inside the city limits.
Hucksters newsboys, and street pedders
are not allowed to bawl their wares.
wagon that makes an unnecessary rat
Ting IS stopped and its driver is lucky
TO escape a fine. The courts never hesi-
tate 10 impose a pecuniary penalty on
people that make useless noise, and they
have a wide discretion. Even piano play
ing is regulated i'm a town noted tor IT'S
music-loving inhabitants. Before a GER
tain hour i'm the morning and after a
certain hour at night no one is al liberty
10 indulge in practice. and mere pounding
on a piano is unlawful al all hours. 80
Washington Post
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05

a prompt and perfect relief. As a family
medicine / believe Pe-ru-na 10 have no
equal II relieves az once cramps. collie.
prostration from heat. the ill-enects Of
sudden checking OF the Precipitation. and
all other BAD effects OF hot weather. As a
remedy for nervous prostration 10 has no
equal, and the thousands Of men and
women OF this generation who have
nerves md 90 a priceless remedy.
Every family should have a copy Of
Facts and Faces" Finely illustrated.
one Of the best books Of testimonials ever
published Sent free. Address The Peru
ma Drug Manufacturing Company Co
lumbus Ohio.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
\ Notable Wedding.

SAVANNAH. GA. May l-Mr Au-
gust Philip Brandt. Of London, England.
and Miss jamie Champion Germany,
formerly Mrs Hayward Hall McAllister.
were married to-day at the home of the
bride i'm Savannah
The wedding was marked with the ut
most simplicity. There were no atten-
dants.
Mr. Brandt is ID member of the firm Of
Brandt & Sons bankers, of London.
One Of the wedding gifts was fur
nished home I'm Kensington. given by the
groCms father.
Mr.. Brandt and Miss Germany met at
AK Les Baines, France a little over
six months ago Mr.. and Mrs. Brandt
left for the North this afternoon, pre-
sumably for washington.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
Ladies' Puffs.

Overcoats and Suits for men
who haven't thought anything
good enough unless made to order.
Suits, $40 to SIS Prince AL
berts, $40 to S55.
Shirts.
Before we made Shirts to order
every other man wanted them that
way, wouldn't look at anything
else now he looks, and usually
buys-ready made.
Boys
Your boy will persuade you to
buy his second suit from us--let
us persuade you to buy his first.
Style, service, fit, price, all in
your favor.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
A SPANISH SPY.
Captured on the st. Paul With Draw
inQs i'm His Pockets.

PHILADELPHIA. May 4-The report
that a supposed Spanish spy had been
captured aboard the auxiliary cruiser.
St Paul at Cramps ship-yard, last
night was confirmed to-day.
lie was caught near the magazine. ana
was taken before Captain Sigsbee for
examination. The captain committee him
20 the brig FOR the night.
1t was learned tonight that the name OF
the suspect f. Howard Hannan. lie Is
about thirty years II age. lie claims that
he is an Austrian. and came 10 this coun-
try In 1851. Hannah also said that he was
q painter and had given up his job 10 en-
list on the ST. Paul.
Al the examination to-day Hannah
strenuOusly denied that his intentions had
been hostile ~ the ship. but notwith-
standing his denisls rough draft of the
interior Of the vessel. showing the lOca-
ton Of her magazines and engines. WAS
found IN his possession.
He has not ben placed In irons. but a
strict watch is maintained over him. He
Will be put ashore at League Island navy
yard when the ST. Paul passes there.
probably tomorrow on her way 20 sea.
the prisoner To be then dealt with as the
government authorities may deem proper
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
0. H. BERRY 6 CO,
Main and Tenth Streets.

casion being tho annual meeting OF the
Southeastern Tariff Association.
The session was called 20 order at y
O'Clock. After the usual opening ceremo-
MES. President s. +. Topper. OF Atlanta,
Ga. read his address, which dealt with
q multitude Of subjects now engaging the
attention of insurance companies.
The remainder OF the day and the even
ing were devoted 10 routine business.
The work Of the body will not begin in
earnest until tomorrow morning when
the report OF the committee of fifteen APP
pointed TO consider Mr.. Tuppers address
and pass upon its recommendations, will
be presented.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
TROUBLE AT SANTIAGO.
British Interests Require the Presence
Of WarShips.

KINGSTON. JAMAICA May 4.-Trou-
bile of the most serious nature is threat
cning British interests al Santiago de
Cuba The British third-class cruiser
Pearl. was sent there. The British slOOp
Alert accompanied the Pearl and later
was sent back with dispatches regarded
by the British consul as being too i'm
portaut 10 trust TO the censored cable.
These dispatches were cabled 10 London
by the colonial authorities here.
The Pearl has arrived at Port Royal
and though her officers are reticent e.
is believed that the first reports Of the
trouble were exaggerated. The most Sc
rious rumor was TO the effect that the
British consul. Mr.. Ramon F. W Rams
dem had been attacked i'm the consulate
by mob had fred on the crowd and
killed a Spaniard whereupon he was
imprisoned. These statements. how
ever. are no verified.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
JAMES YOUNG. ACTOR,
NJ the Academy Friday and Saturday
Of This Week with Saturday Matinee

James Young prominent youns south
ern actor appears at the Academy on
next Friday and Saturday I'm repertoire
of standard plays Mr. Young has been
touring this country for four or five sea-
sons and has won the IulsOme praise
of the press and the public for his artful
portrayal of Shakespearian and roman
tic characters.
While here. he will present on Friday
night Hamlet role that Dc has care
fully studied and somewhat modelled af-
ter Booths portrayal
Saturday afternoon David Garrick. d"
a romantic play well adapted 10 the ac-
tor and an night Bulwer's Lady OF
LYONS with Mr. Young as Claude
Melnotto."
The sale Of seats commences to-mor-
row morning at the box office.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
WHAT A MOT Her SAYS
OF DR.. Rartman's Famous Family
Remtdy and Spring Tonic.

Mrs. Hannah Lind ll32 East Long
street. Columbus. Ohio. is one OF the
many enthusiastic advocates OF Peru
ma. She says: For many years
was subject 10 nervousness. despond-
ency and neuralgia. FOR which doctors
and remedies seemed Of no use. At
last / was persuaded to try Pe-ru-na.
found It to be exactly the remedy
had been so long in search or 1t re-
lieves the tired. depressed feeling felt
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
MILES FURNISHED WITH PLANS
Capt Lamb Gives the Commanding
General Information of Richmond.

WASHINGTON, May -Speclal.-Des-
pite the positive statements which have
been printed to the effect that Washing
ton and Chickamauga Park have been
selected as points for the concentration
OF the volunteer army. / was told a.
the War Department to-day that the
points named had not definitely been
selected. Still n is known that these
places are being considered. The third
point is still under Amusement. and Rich
mond's claims are receiving due consid-
GRAFTON.
In compliance with General Miles re-
quest. Captain Lamb this afternoon sub
mItted TO him the plans OF the city. and
such descriptive matter as was needed
20 give him a clear idea Of the city's ad-
vantages for the purpose.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05

when troops were in light marching or
der. with knapsacks leff hchiuc. There
were times when supplies We're short. and
when a mans clothing wore ont before Doe
could renew il; when Doe got down 20 his
last wOOllcn shirt and undcrsnirt. and
these. perhaps. not in very good C0nd'
ton and then would come the time when
De would tackle these in detail and wasi.
them himself on a favorable day md
hang them mp 20 dry. and put them on
again when they were ready.
Men did their own washing just as they
did their own mendiug. A. a. matter
of fact. tn man m rho army became
sclf-hepful iu maIy ways. and devel-
opcd when ne was really put 90 DO. fine
capacity for doing many things that no
might otherwise never have dreamed OF
doing. including fighting.
Who did YOU washing? Well. now.
who did. indeed"-New York sun.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
PRISONERS OF WAR.
Spauiards are 10 BE Held AZ Fort Nc
Pberson Until Exchanged.

WASHINGTON. May 4-Secretary Al
ger has directed that the ten Spanish Of
icers and the ten privdtes and non-com-
missi0ned officers captured on the Span
ish steamer Agonauta and now Al Key
West be taken TO Fort Mcpherson Just
outside OF Atlanta Ga. for confinement
until they aTe either exchanged for any
American officers and sailors who may be
taken by the Spaniards or until some
other method for their disposition is
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
OLD POINT c. AND .. SUNDAY
OUTING

4 large number OF Richmond people en-
1oyed the day ar old Point last Sunday.
The crowds at Old Point made a scene
OF activity. the Flying squadron adding
no little 10 the interest The Fast VesI-
bUle Outing Trains will leave CheSa-
peake and Ohio Broad Street station
every Sunday az 500 4. NJ. Round trip
tickets to old Point or Norfolk. 81
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05

Christmas and that he arrived In Rich.
mOnd last Monday morning. He further
stated that he I'm company with Carroll
son. left Richmond last night about .
o'clock and came 90 Petersburg by rail
Among the articles found on the per-
son Of the two suspects We're pack o.
cards and some slips Of paper on which
wis written. Emma j. Brown, 40 north
Eighteenth street. Richmond. Va
Oaicers Tomllnson and Gibson arrived
here this afternoon and late LEFT for
Richmond with the prisoners.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
BRILLIANT DIPLOMAT DEAD.
Deceasc Yesterday i'm South Carolina
of Hon. VIM. Henry Trcscott.

CHARLESTON. s. c.. May 4. - The
Hon. William Henry Trescott for many
years connected with the State Depart
ment in Washington. and leading
American diplomat. died at Pendleton,
S. e.. to-day.
At the opening Of the war he was act
ing Secretary of State OF the United
States under President Buchanan. He
resigned and came South during the
war: but since the war was charged with
numerous ipoTtant missions for the
government. among them being that Of
plenipotentiary TO China in 1880: special
envoy 10 belligerents i'm Peru and Chill
I'm 1851 and plonipotentiary with General
Grant TO Mexico in August. 1882
He wrote a number Of books on Amer
Jean foreign policy which are considered
standard. lie was born IN 1922.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05

A special telegram TO The Times last
night from Petersburg. Va. says:
Two negroes. giving their names as
George Carrolson and George PaskaL
were arrested by the police here this
morning as suspicious chaacters Car
robson says he IS from Henderson y.
g.. and that he IA been in Richmond
since Easter. He declares that he met
Pascal in Richmond on last Wednesday
and that they came 10 Petersburg from
Manchester this morning
Pascal, like Carrolson. halls from Hem
derson. y. c.. says that he left there last
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
STILL AWAITING
DEWEYS REPORT
continue. From First Pagc).

people. and the last one. in 1880, wrecked
most OF the town.
The city proper IL within walls where
the government buildings are located.
The residence and business portions are
in the suburbs There are six daily pa
pers, three banks. mint chamber OF
commerce. and electric light, telegraph
and telephone plants. The Mexican dol
lar is In general use
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
CIENFUGOS COMMANDMENT.
Forts We're Disabled and the Town
ShcIlcd.

NEW YORK May A special 10 the
Press from Key West. says: Cienfugos
has been bombarded. Not only did the
Marblehead silence the batteries of the
town on the afternoon of April 18th. but
shelled the town itself playing havoc
with the buildings and driving thousands
of the inhabitants 10 the interior.
The shooting at the forts was az 400
yards. A. soon as the forts were dis
ablcd Captain McCslla ordered that the
hvc-inch guns be- given am elevation TO
reach the 000 yards.
Firing began with the starboard bate
rics followed bv tho port
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
WARSHIPS AT HAND.
\ German Vessel Fired on Near the
Dry TOrtug9S

PHILADELPHIA. May captain Aa-
ruhus. of the German steamship Schles-
wig. which arrived to-day from HaytL
claims 10 have been fired on by "a Span
ish man OF war Off Tortugas April 18th.
just after sundown The captain says
he not only refused TO heave 20. but kept
going ahead under fun steam with shot
after shot coming after him and soon out
distauced his pursuer in tho darkness.
Shipping men consider the most serious
aspect of Captain Aaaruhus' report the
evident fact that Spanish ships of war
are closer 20 our coast than seems 20 be
the opinion of the naval authorities. as
Captain Aaaruhus appears confident the
vessel that purslcd him was "a Spdniard.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
MADE A NIGHT OF IT.
jackson Ward Republicans Fail To
Agree on Ticket.

Jackson ward Republican delegates met
at $3.50 o'clock last evening at the hall
No. 20 north Third street. to select a
ticket for the Council In the coming gen.
erai election.
the night was spent i'm discussions and
mp TO O'Clock this morning an agree
ment had not been reached.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05

in spring-time AZ
once. II never
fails TO restore "a
me natural appetit,
and the best OF
sleep. Il has cured
perman thy my old
dependency and
neuralgia. and I
wonder why SO
many people con -
tinuc 10 suffer
through spring and
early summer when
Pe-ru-na is such
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
A CONDUCTOR HURT.
Conductor Robertson Sustains a Sc
we're FaIl i'm Assisting a Passenger.

While assisting a passenger to alight.
Conductor Robertson OF the Richmond
Railway and Electric Company car 40.
~. of the Main street line. missed his
footing and was thrown heavily 10 the
ground sustaining severe II not serious
injuries.
The accident happened about 9:30 O'Clock
near the jefferson Hotel.
The injured conductor was picked up
by several Of the solicitous passengers
and by-standers and conveyed to his
home, where prompt medical attention
was given him.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
schooner and Crew Lost.

ST Johns. y. T.. May the
schoO~ captain l.lH'i'''
lost off here yesterday ana her cnure
crew drowned eleven men, ah mairlfo'
,rno c.uso of the disaster is not known.
mo scaling steamer Tcrranova has ar
rived with 10000 seals.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
The Application Denied.

NEW YORK. May Judge Lacomoo'
I'm the United States circuit court mas
denied the motion off the New foih 9un'
Tor , tcmpor.,rv Injunction pendent lite,
restraining the Associated Press from
probibitug its newspapers from buying
or using the Suns service.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
SLOWLY SINKING.
The End Of Mr. Gladstone j. Now Not
Far on.

LONDON. May 5.--The Daily Chronicle
says this morning.
Mr.. Gladstone's strength steadily de-
clnes. though there is We believe no
prospect OF an immediate end.
He is confined 10 his ROOM Now and
again his mind reverts 10 critical periods
i'm his career and 10 the legislation which
caused him the most anxiety. but his
chief thought is religion. and he speaks
of death as his call
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
BAD CONDITION.

Richmond. Va. May o. 1905
G. T. Wilkerson. Station a. this city.
who was 70 physical wreck owing to
impure condition Of the blood. has been
made q well and hearty man by the use
OF Hoods Sarsaparilla. The cures by this
medicine are indeed remarkable.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
THE OREGON SAILS.
She is Homcward Bound from Rio de
Janeiro with Her ConSOrt,

BUENOS AYKES. May IVA GAL.
WESTON TEXAS. May "A dispatch
Just received from Rio Janerio announces
that the United States Battleship Oregon
and the United States Gunboat Marietta.
have sailed.
The United states Dynamite Cruiser
Nictheroy will follow them probably this
evening.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05
SOufhcrn Traffic:

OLD POINT COMFORT. VA. May a
Two hundred insurance men, represent
inE nearly every State IN the South, met
at the Chsmberlin Hotsl to-day. the &C.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05

NAMES INSURANCE COMPANY LTD or LIVER
AN STATEMNT For THE YEAR ENPiN' PRS trs AN!f
OF THE AND AlItsl;i NADINE
O
OMMONWEAirI VIRGINIA. IN
PURSUANCE TO THE LAWS OF VIRGINIA
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-05-05


J
oHc b Val y
WfiERiN street Rlcn-