davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15

The Table Linens we made such heo
Hot Prices on are passing out rapioiy'
Napkins, Table Cloths and piece goods
Notwithstanding the very low prices
made bv the regular Clothing, Hat
and Shoe stores, these departments
were crowded with buyers last week.
Our Red Hot prices knock out any we
have met. See what we otter ana you
will be convinced. We give the induc,
ments to buyers-all on the second
floor. stairway and elevator, it requires
no effort to get them. The refreshing
breezes from the meeting OF the rivers
will pay for the visit
12O sheets of note paper and 100 En-.
velopes all for 1Scts. same amount OF
a better quality for 20 cents.
The offering we made in Ladies
Suits and Skirts was responded to with
alacrity. Many closed out. a fuli
line of skirts this week at cut prices.
We wish to close out our stock OF
Hollow Table Silverware and the
prices are made to do it. nice as
sortment to select from. We have the
best values to select from. We have
the best values in the city in silk and
percale shirt waists. Percale waists
at 19c aud CSC. Dishes of all kinds in
great demand at the Red Hot Prices.
a full stock now in. Our Grocery. and
Confectionery Departments are daily
tested to their full capacity. We are
adding improved appliances and more
help to wait on the throngs who visit
here. Ralston Health Club Cook Books
and mem bership books and foods al
wavs in stock. Live well and be
hearty and healthy is what they teach.
Call for fuller information. Purest
and Best Eatables at Lowest Prices
We challenge the world to produce
pattern better than the Mccall Bazar
patterns, only 1oc and 15c for the
largest aud most elaborate.
Picnic supplies at Lowest prices.
Perfumeres, Toilet Soaps and Drugs
at Cut Prices.
Hundreds OF Bargains at
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
IN OPPOSING RANKS.
Spanish Futher Returns to Madrid to
Fight While His Son Enlists
to Help Uncle Sam.

Differences of patriotic sentiment
have caused a disruption of the family
Of Vincente Hauria-M Martens. Believing
that duty called him to Madrid to take
up arms for his native land, Mr.. Mar
tens is now enlisted in the Spanish
army. while his son, Richard, has joined
the'Seventy-frst regiment of New York.
Mn Martens was well-known in New
York city years ago as the agent for
brand Of champagne. but recently he
has teen In the insurance business. He
lived at 22S West Twenty-frst street
with his daughter Elsie, who is an
actress, and Richard. lie came to this
country from Spain 30 years ago with
the then famous Martens cat duettists,
of which his wife was a member. He
never returned to Madrid, although,
wnEn his wife died. he expressed de-
sire to go back.
When the Maine was blown up and
the Spaniards were censured for it, Mr.
Martens said be would return to Madrid
and help wipe out the Insult with blood
II al Spaniard," Mr.. Martens said
"I am New Yorker, and stand ready tc
fight for my flag" Richard responded
The quarrel terminated by the father
taking the first steamer for Madrid aftel
the war was declared.
"I go to fight the Yankees" he said.
II shall enlist to oppose you," Rich
ard quietly replied. The next day hc
Joined company &. of the Seventy-firs
In Iatf 10 hiS icta ~
be said he was chafing at the delay il
invading Cuba. and hoped TO see his ia
ther in the ranks Of the enemy.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
q & M to GAINESVILLE for 81.

On account Of Marietta Day at the
Street Fair, GAINESVILLE, o., Friday. June
18th, the G. IL M. Ry. will run an excur-
sion via Cambridge and the b. & o. r.
R. as follows. Going on regular train
No. IL, leaving Marietta at 6:30 a. m.
in connection with B. C O. No. Z, ar
irving at GAINESVILLE 9:a2 a. m. Return
ing on b. t o. No. liz leaving Zanes-
vile at 5:25 p. M. in connection with G.
& M. BY. Special train to leave Cam
bridge for Marietta and all intermed-
late points at 7:l0 p. M. Tickets will
also be good returning on Saturday,
June 18th Only 81 for the round trip.
Look out for excursion bills giving full
particulars. e. w. PAGE, G. p. A.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
rnperr IN Epropenn Countr,er.

Exclusive of specialist publications,
3,477 political and advertising papers
were issued in 1,752 German centers last
year, being at the rate of one per 1909
Inhabitants. or per 1877 square kilo-
meters. In Switzerland. the proportion
is one to every 1851 inhabitants, or 1O7
square kilometers. while In Austria the
corresponding figures are 1920 and
1.167. This is. no doubt, consequence
of the different legislation in these
countries. Austria still maintains the
newspaper stamp. Germany has nine
papers that appear more than twice
daily and 70 that appear IL 10 10 times a
week, 1.1s5 six TO seven times, and
I,745 two TO five times. The number OF
specialist publications is 5.o56.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
B.&O. S-W. RY.
TlME rAsLE.


Trains Arrive at and Depart from Union
Station.
ARRIVE. WESTWARD. DEPART.
= 1 0s a m--Athens, Chillicothe, Gin. 5sam
ctnnatf Louisville, st.
Louis and all points
West, South and s-west.
sls 10 m--Belpre, Athens, Chilli 90 a m
cothe, Cincinnati and
way statious
~ OS p Eelpre. Athens. Chilli. soam
cothe, Cincinnati and
Louisville, st Louis
aIn, and all points west and
'12 10 m-Belpre, Parkersburg, Z bopm
Chillicothe, Cincinnati
and way stations.
*7os p m Belpre, Chillicothe, Gin 2opm
cinnati, Louisville. st.
LOUIS Chicago and all
points west. south and
southwest.
+ssoa m-parkersburg and BelrYe Local
9 40 , Belpre-Local
EASTWARD.
7 0B p m Belpre, Parkersburg, Sa. + co m
lem, ..ornwallis, Clarks-
burg, Grafton, and all
way stations.
Y os p m-Belpre, Park'sbg, sa. 2oam
lem, Clarksburg, Graf
ton Washington, Baltf.
more and way stations
sl2 10 p m-Parkersburg, Washing. = A 55 u m
ton, Baltimore. Phila-
delphia and New York.
20 a m-Parkersburg Washing. sl1 10 n M
ton, Baltimore Phiia-
delphta, New York, BIOS.
ton and all points east
.wsDaily tExcept Sunday.
For through tickets to all points in the
United States, Canada and Mexico, with de-
tailed information as to rates rontes sleentro
car accommodations ETC. please cali on OF
address, ~ ~ -
Z. M. PAYNE, Ticket Agent, Marietta. o,
j. ID. BROWN Passenger AuL Mariatta n
., x MCCARTHY, Gen'l Passenger Agent,
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
THE MARKETS.
CINu1NNArI. O. June IA

CINCINNATI, O., June u
FLoUR-Spring fancy, S5.OVGt5,20; family.
A.5O95o %; spring patent, s5.s0tcS. OJ; winter
patent, S5.l5Gt550; fancy, a. i09ASo; family,
S4o594 IS; extra, Sj.61G-3. 20; low grade. s29o0
BIO; rye, Northwestern. saal0a3O; do city.
20. 2Odl3.s0.
WHEAT-No. . red was held nom inally at COO
CoRS-Sales: No. g mixed (switching s5OO),.
S3Ac: mixed ear, track. 36c; No. , white,
track. 3.Ac.
OATs-Sales: No. mixed. track. 37hc; No.
3 ite trac.i SSc
RYE-No , quotaL.e on trac. at i5c, and No
. AZ AZ L43c
EoGs-Selact shippers, s2959fO0; select
butchers 20. a59t3.iOfair to good packers 50. Is
@as5; fair TO good light, sa35O5S5; common
| ard roughs. s3. l01370.
CAr1LE-Extras, 81. f0625; good to choice
butchers, "A. lOG460; fair to medium butchers,
t5.5O1600; common to fair. 81 u $40
SHEEP-Extras, a. 1904. 3; good to. choice,
! s3.5OGl4.0O; common TO fair S2. To03. 10: year,
lings. s+.o0@5.0o.
LAMBs-Fair to good shippers. s4isaa 80;
| Good to medium butchers. 81. l0'G4Oo; COM
| mon to fair. s4.7aI5.40
| VEAL CALvEs--Fair to light, s5.n0G15 rs; ex-
| tras, $500; common and large. SO 2-Gta rs.
| CHICAGO, June IA !,
| WHEAT-June. SIC; July 71hc; Septsmber,
1880 7oxc; December, 7cG1se
| CoRS-June, 3iBc; July, 82sso; Septena-
| Ter, 33Isc.
| OATs-June. s4o; July. 23Rc; ssptenber,
| 2lhci May, :iIlc
| BARLEY-Cash. No. 3. slc 70 a5c
| RYE-Cash, &kc; July, 4aHs Septembgs
4oaaohc.
PITTSBURGH. June IA
CATTLE Prime cattle. u ool5. 10, good, sAeS
| D5.0O; tidy butchers cattle. s. 70llAs0 fair
s4iOG46O; common. s40Od AS; heifsrs. SasDl
$50; bulls stags and cows. ssOc@ast; fresh
cows. s25d50
Hoos-Prime medium heayies, AO5Qla 10
heavy Workers.. t4o0GtA0S; common 70 fail
Workers., sa9OalSe6; PHYS. sa,65aaS5. l4
SHEEP--Choice sheep. a. 35gr4sO; good, g. a
G4sS; fair, a. 1bt4sa; choice yeariings, a. soa
500; common TO good, go 90; spring lambs
s450Ct55o
CALvEs-S6 0Oad5Q
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
Lorain En- terprise.

LoRAIS, o.. June 14.-Lorain Monday
voted to issue river improvement
bonds to the amount of $4,000. A
light vote was rolled, resulting as fol-
lows: For the i'm mprovement, 592, against,
1O3 The money will be expended in
making Black river navigable for
large vessels to the new blast furnace
plant OF the Lorain Steel Co.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
More Than He Wanted.

SIDNEY, o., June 1+.-Friday evening
Col. Eli Davis, of this city, received
word from the commanding officer of
Company L. Bird Ohio volunteers, now
located at Tampa, Fla, asking him to
recruit "a men to I'LL the company to
the maximum limit. Sunday Col.
Davis had over 100 calls from persons
who wanted to enlist.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
Cheap Excursion to GAINESVILLE via z. & o.

Cheap Excursion to GAINESVILLE via Y. s. o.
June 18th to 18th inst. Account of
the Street Fair and Industrial Exposi-
ton. One fare (s2 25) for round trip
during entire week, all tickets good
returning up to and including morning
train Monday June Goth. Friday, June
nth the rate will be 81 90 round trip
good returning on morning train the
18th.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
Republican Circuit Court Conven-
ton for the Fourth judicial Cir
cult Of Ohio.

The Republican electors OF the Fourth Ju.
dicial Circuit OF the State OF Ohio, composed
Of the counties OF Athens, Adams, Brown,
Ga,aia' r ,aiSs Locking & Highland, , Jackson Law.
vinton and Washington, are hereby notified
that a Republican Circuit Court Convention
will be held a. the Court House in the city OF
Chillicothe Ohio on Thursday, the 10th day Of
June. 1893, at ii o'clock q. m. for The purpose
OF nominating Republican candidate for the
office OF Judge OF the Circuit Court OF said
Fourth Judicial District OF the State OF Ohio,
to be voted for at the next November election
to be held in said State. and the basis OF rep
resentation will be one delegate for every 500
votes cast for Governor Bushnell at the No
vember election of 1897, and one additional
delegate for every fraction OF $50 votes or more.
The Republican organizations OF several
counties above named will send delegates TO
said convention in accordance with the above
basis.
L. M Jewett, G.. Naylor
G Bambach, A. L. Rodamour
d. Q Morrow, L, D. Vickers,
j. ". Higgins, J. B, Stroebel
M. 5. Webster, Charles Dresbach,
+. e. Daughterty, W. 81 Virgins,
James A. Cleaver. Otto Il. Vollenweider
Jewett Palmer,
Republican Committee, 4th Judicial Distric,
OF Ohio.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
lFirihg a nulIet rhro,ug6 GLASS.

A musket ball may be fred through
pane of glass. making hole the size
Of the ball without cracking the glass;
IL the glass be suspended by thread
it w.ll make no difference and tho
thread viii not even vibrate.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
Examination Of Teachers

OF Washington Co. will be held from s q. m
the Second Saturday OF each month except
January, July and August:
MARLIN r. AEDRnws.
Sept. 10. 80. Pres. B'd OF Examiners.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15

Trains run daily except Sunday. Gloss CON
nectiona for all points north and west,
For farther information call on or ai,ireas q
NJ ParNx, Ticks' Agent. Union Depol Mar !.
a. 9. VINCENT, g. P ia
WIN. MORSE Superintendent,
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
Hutchison's
BargainSto

Some neonle when they
good Things we "
att
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15

TO Iaentify United States BattieshiDs.
An easy way to identify the battle
ships of the United States Is to remem-
ber that, with the single exception Of
the Kearsarge. cniy battleships bear
the names of states.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
OHIO RIVER RAILROAD,

On and after Nov. 81, 1897, Passenger Train
will run as follows:
'Daily. tDsily Except Sunday.
NORTH BOUND.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15
+Stop on signal.

All trains daily except Sunday.
through line between Marietta, Caldwell.
Cambridge, Newcomerstown, Canal Dover
canton, Akron. Youngstown. levelaud. Bur,
falo, Toledo. Detroit, Pittsburg, New York.
Coshocton, Newark. GAINESVILLE. Columbus
Chlcago. ST. Louis and Kansas City.
TWO trains daily to Massillon and Canton
through tickets sold to all parts of the
United States and Canada
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-06-15

c. T. o'NEu.L. J.E AHLBoRN
O'NEILL d AHLBORN,
Attorneys AZ Law and Notary Public. Col.
iections promptly n ade.
Room 8, Union Block Marietta, Ohio.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1898-02-19

sensitive to the light Upon the deep
red of this membrane objects are seen
white, and one can fix the image M.
Edmond Perrier, professor in the Muse
um of Natural History, reports (you
know it better than /, my dear mastery.
in work ON animal anatomy and phys
iology which our students are all ia
miliar with, that he made an expert
ment. After removing rabbits eye, a
living rabbits eye-yes. science is cruel
he placed it in dark room, so that
he could obtain upon the retina the inn
age of some object, window, for in
stance, and plunged it Immediately into
a solution of alum and prevented the
decomposition of the pourpre retinien,
and the window could plainly be seen,
fixed ON the eye. In that black chamber
which we have under our eyebrows, in
the orbit, is a storehouse, storehouse
of images which are retained. like the
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1898-02-19

and Of the terminal elements OF the
optic nerve as professor Of painting
or of sculpture speaks of gem chased
by Benvenuto.
"The human body is marvel, cried
NJ. NORM, "a marvel, messieursw And
he held forth for several minutes upon
the wonderful construction of this mar
vel. His enthusiasm was shared, more
over, by the young men and DIR. Erwin,
who listened intently. Bernardet, ig-
norant and respectful, felt trouble in
the presence of this renowned physiolo-
gist and congratulated himself that it
was he who had insisted on this expert
ment and caused a member of the insti-
tute to hold forth thus. AS for M. Gil
nory, he left the room moment, feel
ing the need of air. The operation,
which the surgeons prolonged with joy,
made him i'll, and he felt very faint.
He quickly recovered, however, and re-
turned to the dissecting room SO as not
to lose any of the explanation which M.
Norm was giving as he stood with the
eye in his hand. And in that eye an
image remained perhaps. He was anx-
ious to search for it, to find it.
twill take it upon myself, Bernar.
Diet said.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1898-02-19

Judges They had become important
personages. Perhaps their pictures
would be published in the papers. They
dressed themselves as for fete. Nine.
Moniche in her Sunday best strove to do
honor to M. Revere She said to Moniche
in all sincerity. "Our duty is to avenge
him."
While sitting ON bench in one of
the long, cold corridors the porter and
his wife saw pass before them prisoners
led by their jailers. Some looked men,
acing, while others had cringing air
and seemed TO try to escape notice.
These two persons felt that they were
playing roles as important as those in q
melodrama at the Ambigu. The time
seemed long to them, and M. Ginory
did not call them as soon as they wished
that he would They thought of their
home, which while they were detained
there would be invaded by the curious,
the gossips and reporters.
"How slow these judges arep'
growled Moniche.
When he was conducted into the
presence of M. Ginory and his registrar
and seated upon a chair, he was much
confused and less bitter. He felt
vague terror of all the paraphernalia Of
justice which surrounded him. He felt
that he was running some great danger,
and to the judges questions he replied
with extreme prudence. Thanks to him
and his wife M. Ginory found out
great deal about M. Rovere's private
life. He penetrated into that apparently
hidden existence; he searched to see if
he could discover among the people
who had visited the old ex-consul the
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1898-02-19

Il
claimed M. GtnOrU.
Qua among all others who might have
committed the deed.
"You never saw the woman who Wis.,
tied Rovere?"
Eyes; the yelled lady, the woman in
black, but l do not know her. No one
knew her"
The story told by the FORTRESS about
the time when she surprised the stran-
ger and Revere with the papers in his
hand in front of the open safe made
quite an impression on the examining
magistrate.
"Do you know the name of the visit
or?'
"No, monsieur" the FORTRESS replied.
''But If you should see him again
would you recognize him?"
Certainly. l see his face there be-
fore me-
She made haste to return to her home
so that she might relate her impressions
to her fellow gossips. The worthy cou-
pie left the court pulled up with self
esteem because of the role which they
had been called upon to play. The OBJ
sequies were to be held the next day,
and the prospect of dramatic day in
which M. and Nine. Moniche would
still play this important role created in
them an agony which was almost joy
Gus. The crowd around the house of the
crime was always large. Some few pass
ersby stopped-stopped before the stone
facade behind which murder had been
committed. The reporters returned
again and again for news, and the cou-
pie, greedy for glory, could not open a
paper without seeing their names print
ed in large letters. One journal had
that morning even published an espe-
cial article Interviews With M. and
Nine. Moniche."
The crowd buzzed about the ledge
like swarm of flies. M. Rovere's body
had been brought back from the morgue.
The obsequies would naturally attract
an enormous crowd, all the more as the
mystery was still as deep as ever.
Among his papers had been found re-
ceipt for tomb in the cemetery at
Montmartre, bought by him about a
year before. In another paper, not
dated, were found directions as to how
his funeral was to be conducted. M.
Revere, after having passed wander
ing life, wished to rest in his native
country. But no other indications of his
wishes, nothing about his relatives had
been found. 1t seemed as If he was a
man without family, without any
place in society or any claim ON any
one to bury him. And this distressing
isolation added to the morbid curiosity
which was attached to the house, now
all draped in black, with the letter
"R" standing oct in white against it's
silver escutcheon.
lro mr. CONTINI,ED1
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1898-02-19
lTo BE Continued
Greater New York's Vote.

At the first election for mayor Of Great
cr New York, held in 1897, over 800, OOO
votes were cast. This exceeds the total
vote for president In 1896 in the states of
Vermont, Rhode Island, Delaware, South
Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Montana,
North Dakota, Idaho, Wyoming and Ne.
vada. These states constitute In number
one-fourth of the United States, and have
a representation of 22 in the senate; yes
their combined voting strength is less than
that OF single municipality contained
wholly within the limits of the Empire
State.-Avery ID. Andrews in February
Scribner's
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1898-02-19

There arc In the United Kingdom 222,-
600 families Of gentry whose average In
come 10 $1,000, but there are 4,775, 900
working class families whose average in
come IL only 1855. -
Goldsboro weekly argus. [volume] (Goldsboro, N.C.) 1885-1909, 1898-02-10
GOLDsBORO N. THURSDAY FEB 10, 1898.

ty sold his crop, grown on about
forty acres, for 81, 10000, and
several others in this county real
lied from $4,000 to $50. 90 per
acre. Aside from these sums real
lied, rice straw is selling at IS. 90
per ton, and reckoning two tons
per acre is a moderate estimate.
The average acre of rice planted
should realize $4,000 to $60.O0.The
question might be asked, "Is it
not likely that there will be an
over production of rice if it proves
such a profitable cropg' In an
swer it can be said that, at most,
but limited quantity Of land suit
able for the cultivation of rice
can be found in the Carolinas,
Georgia and Louisiana, and the
last named State, which has had the
largest area devoted to rice cul-
ture, owing to the fact that
sugar has even higher protective
duty than rice, has not increased
her rice acreage. For these reasons
it will be many years before the
United States will grow sufficient
rice for home consumption.
We would strongly urge our
farmers to put every available
acre suitable to rice culture in this
.sereal. It is the only crop we can
see which will prove more remun-
erative than any other money crop.
HENRY VEIL.
Goldsboro, N. c. Feb. 5, '9s.
Goldsboro weekly argus. [volume] (Goldsboro, N.C.) 1885-1909, 1898-02-10
DEATH OF MIR. A. LEHMAN

Daily Argus Saturday, Feb. 5th.
It is with inexpressible regret
that We chronicle this afternoon
the death Of our venerable friend
and townsman Mr.. A. Lehman,
which occurred at his home here
last night, after a lingering ill
ness, in the II year Of his age,
surrounded by his fond children
and other near relatives who
had watched around his bedside
with loving solicitude during The
slow decline Of the past several
weeks.
MIR. Lehman had beeu resi-
dent Of Goldseoro for more than
thirty years. and was cne Of our
Oldest citizens, and had been con-
stantly engaged In business here
through all those years. His de-
voted wife preceded him Into
the silent land" SINE three years
ago, and since that time he has
walked thoughtful on the solemn
Shore" awaiting his summons,
that has at length come, TO join
her beyond the vale.
Mr.. Lehman was man OF
warm friendships and generous
impulses, and his charity, while
uncste ntations, was never with
held when the outstretched hand
was that of one in need. The
poor will indeed miss him.
Two children survive him, MIR.
E. M. Lehman, of this city, and
Mrs. e. Jossman, of Detroit, who
has been here since his critical
illness began. His neice Mrs,
Isaac Fuchtler of Norfolk, is also
here, and others of his relatives
are expected for the funeral,
which will be held from the syn.
agogue Tomorrow afternoon a.
3. 80 o'clock.
The interment will be made be-
side his late wife in the Hebrew
plot in Willow Dale Cemetery. :
Goldsboro weekly argus. [volume] (Goldsboro, N.C.) 1885-1909, 1898-02-10

Statesville Landmark: Mr..
James Church informs CORES
pondent of the Allegheny Star
that he recentaly discovered a
silver mine in the Three Top
Mountain, near Dresden, Ashe
county, and that history and
tradition say that it was dis
covered and worked by William
Halfpenny in 1862. Mr.. Church
expects to open the mine at once
and place it upon the market,
hauing taken a five year lease on
it. The Mormon elders,
Warwick and Hinckley, have twice
applied to Sheriff Wycoff for per
mission to hold services in the
court house, but have met with a
firm refusal on each occasion.
Last week they applied to both
Sheriff Wycoff and County Com
missioner white, and being re-
fused obtained the addresses
of the other commissioners.
Messrs. Hill and Gray, with the
view of apply ing to them.