The Monmouth inquirer., 1898-12-01
EupEMls BoTRANA.


The Grape CodIin or Berry Moth i> one
Of the Worst Foes of the tstnprvs's.
one of the worst foes to the grape
vine is the grape Goblin or berry moth
tEudemis botrana) when it makes its
( appearance in abundance. In many in
stances it is known to have destroyed
nearly fifty per cent. or more Of the
. crop during different years in various
parts of this country.
1t is an Importation from Europe
where it mas Deen AJul ioas 70 cne
grape culture for many years past The
/ exact period of its introduction to
America is not known and it is only
within the past thirty years that at
tention has been called to it's ravages.
In Europe the insect is three BROOD
ed; the first brood appearing early in
/ May, the second in July and August,
and the third in September and Octo-
ber. We have similar records Of the
appearances of three broods in this
country and about the same months of
the year The caterpillars OF the first
brood live on the young budding leaves
and in the tender shoots, which some
times causes them to well and form
succulent .gall-like swelling The second
brood of worms which appears in July
and August infests the green grapes
and the ones found in the fruit in Sep
ltember and October doubtless belong to
the third brood. In all probability the
three broods run together, thus causing
the pest to be present from early spring
until late in the fall Tne last brood
passes the winter within the cocoon in
I the chryans state from which the moth
again emerges again the following
spring. 1t also may be possible that the
perfect insect hibernates. The grapes in
tested show discolored spots, where the
worms have entered. When such grapes
are opened and the contents carefully
examined, there will generally be
found in the pulp rather long and
slender olive-brown worm with
chestnut brown head and black shield.
Besides feeding on the juicy pulp, the
land if the contents for single worm
is not enough, two, three or four ber-
ries are drawn together and fastened
by means of silken threads. The in
Tested fruit usually dries up or rots to
the sorrow and chagrin of the grower.
The parent of this misehievous pest
lis as mall moth which belong to the
family called Leaf-rollers, scientifically
known as Tortricidae 1t measures
about one-nalf of an inch, when the
wings are expanded. The forewings
are of a pale slate color, with a slight
metallic lustre, which becomes sone-
what silvery interiorly and posteriorly.
There is also an irregular rich brown
transverse band about the middle of the
wings annulated with silvery gray; be-
yond this, toward the outer part, is
deep brown oval spot, lighter above and
below and also some light fulvous
ldashes and spots. The hind wings are
Igniform dull brown, deeper in color to-
ward the margins. Body greenish
brown.
The female deposits her eggs on the
tender leaves and stems early in spring
and later on the fruit. The worm after
Matching from the egg is dull whitish
in color and as it reaches maturity it is
as described above and measures about
one-third of an inch. When fully fed
it spins a rude cocoon between leaves
Or possibly also between the punches
OF grapes 1t usually cut out an oval
flap, which is turned on the back of the
leaf and forming an enclosure which is
lined with silk. Within this the worm
transforms into chrysalisor pupa and
from which the moth finally escapes to
again begin laying eggs for successive
brood.
The pest when once present in abun-
dance it is most difficult and tedious
task to check it's ravages, especially in
large vineyards.
Late in autumn, after the leaves nave
fallen, we would recommend that the
leaves be gathered and burned, and
all the racks holding the vines be ex-
amined and the small, cocoons re-
moved, if present Early in spring,
when the the leaves are just budding.
1t would be advisable to spray the vines
with insect powder to dislodge and kill
the egg laying females. A one per cent
solution of bisulphide of potassium, to
be used as a spray has also been sug-
gested. This being a caustic solution
care must be taken not to have the
same too strong, otherwise the plant
may be injured. 1t has also been sug-
gested that dishes of water be placed
in the vineyards (on dry days) in which
the moths may fall and drown. Differ
ent kinds of insect traps, such as lam
terms, to attract the moths at night,
may be used to advantage. When the
presence of the worms is detected in
the fruit, stems or leaves, these SHOULD
be cut off and burnt or placed in scald-
water.
Glover siiage.
Glover. being leguminous plant, has
valuable ingredients for the feeding of
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