Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1898-11-09
IN HUNGARY.

1t is not every man who goes abroad,
to the old world who is broad enough
to observe the every day life of
the people and mention them for his
own edilication and the edificatiOn Of
Others. DIR. Geo. NJ. Philips, of the
West Chester State Normal School,
however is all exception, and i'm letter
published in the West Chester News of
October 11th, mentions many things
that are valuable from the standpoint
of the student of the every day life of
the people of the nations of the earth.
For example, this, from his article on
Hungary:
Some of the farming is still primitive.
| noticed number of rude plOws
wholly of wood, vet apparently doing
good plowing. The harvest was gen.
orally over, yet Il good deal of late hay
was being cut, and always with scythes.
| saw some oats being cut with sickles
Yet steam tn eshers We're everywhere
in use, and l understand there is good
deal of modern agricultural machinery
in use in Austria and Hungary. On
the small farms of France, Germany,
Italy, etc, everything is still done by
hand. Oxen are still much used here,
apparently as much as horses. | have
seen them in horse rakes Gf the ma
chine can he called n horse rake, under
such circumstances), drills, i'm the
shafts of wagons and apparently every
where that We have horses. / have
seen as many as fourteen pairs of oxen
following each other with plows in the
same great field. Occasionally COWS
are used for draft instead of oxen.
Women certainly do their full share
of the work over here. At least half Of
the farm work seems to be done by
them, and there is no sort of work that
seems to he too hard for them. | have
seen them moving, plOwing, pitching
hay, spreading manure, doing almost
all the work about the steam threshers,
etc. Near LeipSic, | saw a woman
ploughing while a man drove the oxen
that drew the plow, and what aggra-
waited the case was that the woman
was II small one and the man a big one.
Women are continually seen CARRYING
and drawing great loads through the
streets here, which is a much more
common way of conveying goods than
i'll America. At least one of the boat
landings on the Danube / saw wO-
man porter soliciting the conveyance
of the passengers baggage to the town,
quarter of mile or more away, and
as we steamed away | saw her start off
WIN a very ldISt DdTTOW lOiu OF Dag
gage that even your stalwart express
men i'm West Chester would not despise.
The hotels sometimes have women pOr-
ters. ! have seen them working on the
railroad track and breaking stones in
the turnpike, and both in Vienna and
BUDAPEST | have repeatedly seen wO-
men carrying the bricks and mortar up
the ladders in high buildings for the
bricklayers. The mortar is generally
carried in wooden tubs on their heads.
The other night i'm the heart Of the best
part of Vienna, great building was
evidently being rushed up rapidly, as
they were working all night by electric
lights, and all the mortar and bricks
were being carried by women. These
things are not due TO laziness nor idle
ness on the part of the men. They
work hard, too; but wages are SO small
they all must help TO make the living.
All through Hungary, 80 far as saw,
the main roads are macadamized and
kept in excellent condition, quite put
ting us to shame in that direction. An
interesting feature of the Danube trip
was the rival mills, small mills built on
boats which are fastened to the shore,
or often anchored out in the stream,
whose mill wheels are turned by the
swift current. Ons often saw group
of dozen or more close together. They
take the place Ofthe windmills of HOl-
land.