The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1898-03-17
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AoRicULTURIsTs.
ss@s Up-ta-Dats nints SSost Cal
tisztioa Of the soil snd risids
Hostiesissrs. yItIssiiurs and
EisFicuItura


TO their high per cent Of nitrogen and.
further, upon the fact that though they
prefer good land they will grow on
either sand or clay that Is too poor 10
raise anything else"
A the roots are small and nearly
hve-sixths Of the plant IL above ground
the stubble alone does not enrich the
ground as much as do the correspond
ing parts Of alfalfa and Of clover. Sown
for fertilizer. the crop should be piowed
under. or. better yet. hogged down or
pastured on before blowing. They are
Indifferent to fertilizers, except the
Superphosphates.
Yield.-Rhode Island reports yields OF
two or three tons Of dry matter Of COW
peas and slightly less Of sofa beans
Delaware reports but a little over one
ton per acre Of COW peas. Louisiana
over one and one-half toas and South
Carolina over three and one-half tons
OF dry matter 70 which ten per cent
should be added 10 express Il In terms
Of hay. Ohio reports but one and one
half tons Of green foliage. but the land
was poor. The yield Of seeds varies
greatly In different localities. with diff
ferent varieties and with time Of plant
Ing. In general, COW peas and sofa
beans are capable OF about equal yield
In seeds. the former tending 10 excel In
the South and the latter ia the North.
Both yield more In drills than when
sown broadcast: late planting tends 10
increase seed production and early
planting 10 excessive development Of
stem and leaf OF the many varieties
Of COW peas. the small upright growers
are most prolific In seed and the so
called trallers. Of longer growth. yield
most Of forage. Yields OF seed report
ed vary from ten or twelve bushels 70
a. high as thirty-seyen per acre.
though twenty-five bushels il a good
yield OF COW peas and twenty Of sofa
beans
Varieties.-The two common varieties
Of sofa beans are the Black Medium and
the Early white. or Improved white.
on those the FIRST seems 10 give the
ranker growth Of vines and the latter
the heavier yield OF seed.
The sixty or more varieties OF COW
peas differ greatly in character OF
growth. In amount Of vine. in yield Of
seed. and In the time required from
seeding to maturity Some Of the
smaller varieties called bunch" Varie<
Ties are entirely upright. like sofa
beans, others called 'trallers" send cut
long trailing vines fifteen or twenty
feet long. and still others called run
ners' send out upright stalks which al.
tervard from extreme development re-
sumo a horizontal position. The real
trailers produce heavy growth Of vine,
but the crop is difficult to secure with
the mower. which rides over many OF
the lowest vines. leaving them attached
both 10 the ground and 10 the tangled
mass Of vines about them. Because OF
this. the so-ealled runners are preferred
a. being easier TO cut clean from the
ground. A few varieties will live In
the ground over winter In the southern
states and come up the succeeding
spring The following supposed facts
will be Of value 10 the prospective
grower: % means trailing: Cr) run
ming; (o erect
Very Early.-Sixty or seventy days:
New Erea (r). Chocolate Cr). Congo I'd,
Vacuum (r). White Giant 0l.
Early.-whlppoorvill (O. Red
crovder (r). Granite (r).
hedium.-Cofee (e). Large Lady G).
Pony (r).
LAis.-Blaek Eye ~. Everlasting (r).
White Crowder (r).
Very Late.-unknown Tor Wonderful
(e). Black (rl. Blue Hull I'D, Purple Hull
Crovder (r). Clay (el. Conch a.. Gourd
G). Calico (r). QuAdroon (e). Redding
tr). Red NIpper III. Rice (rl. speckled
Crowder (r).
North Carolina prefers Unknown aud
Black for yield Of either forage or seed.
Clay for poor land and Red Nlpper for
dry. sandy land. Nearly all except the
northern states place Unknown FIRST
and Black second for general use, that
Is. for both seed and vine. The Clay
recommended for poor soils has much
vine. but 10 poor bearer. The Blue Is
small. with few vines. but good bear
er. Whippoorwill IL an early variety
OF great excellence. but is a bunch"
pea with few vines.
Culture.-Either OF these crops will
grow on almost any land that Is not toe
wet, and may be sown broadcast Al
the rate OF one-half 10 two bushels pei
acre. using least seed with the trail
Ing or running varieties. They NAV
also be planted In drills OF convenient
distance for cultivating. planting the
seeds i've or six inches apart In the
row. In which case a bushei OF sofa
beans will plant about four acres, and
OF COW peas four 10 six. according 70
the variety. The yield OF seed will be
best from drills. but the culture Il
cheaper when sown broadcast on
ground well prepared as for corn, In
which case the crop now takes posses
sion Of the ground 10 the exclusion OF
weeds. In the South COW peas are fire.
quently sown In corn at the last cult
waiting.
In general. the best time 10 plant Il
Immediately after corn, though much
depends on the variety. and upon the
fact that the late planting favors seed
formation particulrly with COW peas
In all cases avoid cultivation when IN,
vines are wet.
Source OF sced.-seed can be pur,
chased from any reliable scotsman. ant
at prices ranging from rs cents up, &C.
eording 10 the locality and other cir,
cums,anoes. Southern seedsmen seen
TO pay most attention TO varieties.
Soil analyseA
Prof. Persons. In his bulletin on "A
l Chemical Study 81 g0mo Tronleal