davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11
APOLIs. MINI. SATURDAY. JUNE II, 1898.

seIs-eIi..s voluntarily or lnyoi,l,, tar55..t
he is made to feel&that he is no better,
Tran beast. For the SLIGHTEST infraction
of regulations he is punished In a fashion
that makes his fellow blueiackets in ma
vies like our own. or that of Great I3rirs ;1fs
Hush, with anger. The central and con-.
lsumtng idea of the Spanish raval office,
rs that all hands forward arc his servants.
mere is absolutely nothir of this in the,
american navy. Once in a while when an
American ship is at sea for considerable
period IN tropical y aters and all hands.
fore and art. are wearing whtte.,,,nifor1ns,
an oHicerrWill pay mess attendant FIR
iscrubbingS one of: This uniforms ana hang
Ing 1t out on the scrub-and-wash line
The officer who requests a M. to do,
anything like this stands by to ave the
man refuse. 1t is the mans pri A,ege to
refuse outright to perform sucA task
for money or otherwise, but IL .vpts
the Job he is well paid for 1 the
Spanish navy every man forw from
the chief petty officers down til - E I'M
rated landsmen, stand by for dc ok as
Wallets for al the officers aft Nv are
not asked to wash the otficel g. linen:
they are not reGuc sted to blackds 1ohe Of
tcers' shoes or pipeclay their b - Ethey
are commanded to do these til and
tasks more me NAL. more repu hit to
men OF self-respect, and thcl slightest
lLdicat1on of hesitancy on the part. of
o4ue!acKet is visited by heavy punishment
wren Spanish officer gets it in for a
chief petty officer for any real or fancied
cause, ne does not Immediately undert
TO secure the petty officers dlsratng. In
stead, he beGirs systematically to nu-@
initiate the petty officer. He calls hin,
we names in the hearing of the unrated
niueJackets and not infreou.ntly kicks
MIN. He calls him aft-especially when
the petty officer is showing a party of
women visitors about the ship-and or
ders him to blacken his shoes, right in
sight OF all hands and all the visitors on
the main deck. TIE writer was a visitor
on board Spanish gunbcat at Cadiz a
FEW years ago and saw a chief petty Of
hcer-the ships signal quartermaster-
treated in this manner by junior lieu
tenant: Finally, after the Spanish officer
VINO conceives dislike for petty officer
has abused and Inundated the man for
weeks or months at a stretch. he cooks
up set of charges against the wretch
and has the man court-martialed ana re-
drced from his rating to that Of an or
binary seaman
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11

the fleets of the enemy, and then to loose
n reserve fleet Or fleets on his coasts and
commerce. That requires an enormous
fleet, and the two nations Nogethersjeould
not muster enough ships cd do lie ass CON-
stituted at present. But they should be
able to muster enough ofoaAreserve fleet
to eliminate the Mediterranean fleets OF
the powers from the problem and to sim
plify the operations for the big fleets in
the Atlantic ocean. There Great Britain
is confident Of one thing, and that is that
she has the coasts of the United Kingdom
in condition where they cannot he at
tackled easily. She has home, fleet iwldea
Is considered strong enough to protect the
coast in conjunction with the forts, and
this leaves her great Channel squadron
free to fight anything that may try to get
into the North Atlantic through the Eng
lish channel. A4 #S
Her coaling bases in the Befmudas, and
in Halifax are so we'll protected that they
could be attacked successfully only with a
huge fleet, and they could not be held
without a great army. The difficulty of
shipping soldiers on transports as long as
an enemy's fleet is free to act on the sea
is shown by the care with which the
United States authorities have ha ndled
the question Of invading even so nearby
an island as Cuba las long as the Spanish
ships had not been found and destroyed.
Until the question Of the supremacy O
the ocean had been settled, there could
be no large military operations In tn,
countries OF the two allies, with one ex
ception. That is India. Is Russia 8 goal
AT the first sign Of war she would en-
ieavor, to push a mighty army into thar
country. Here the control Of the SEE
would not avail Great Britain, except thai
1T would enable her to send mem there
But, on the other hand, she has been5 fol
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11

Fatcd to superiors in rank. It is an ac-
tTai fact that the apprentice boys in tine
| S:o9Efsh navy, are the recognized ships
ySSs}lippers.s The spectacle of an understood
iad ,I'yfnE tho lash on the naked back Of
n chief petty officer. from whom the lad
is supposed to derive his sea k,,owlex,se
/ IS enthusiastically Spanish ans Abys-
sfnian. r
The rule o. thumb, is another common
punishment in the Spanish navy-the sus-
pending OF offenders by the two thumbs
50 that their feet barely touch the ground
from overhead sratings. The writer once
attended mass on board a Spanish
cruiser in Spanish waters. The mass was
celebrated on the berth deck forwa I'd
In full view Of all hands who attended
the mass was the ships brig. on the
berth deck up in the eyes Of her. Eight
men, were ST spepded by their thumbs
from ne grating covering the hatch lead
ing from the to'gallant fo'c'sle, and their
groans We're mingled with the responses
or the men to the words of the chai1lain
Another feature Of the Spanish navv's
punitive system is the "solitary and fish,
"1nf!ctfon: This consists in locking up
minor offender IN an funlighted and prac-
t essuHS unventllated compartment and in
feedlng him upon salt fish, and no water
whatsoever for a couple of DAYS at q
stretch. Men who suffer this ordeal have
always to be lifted out CT their place of
ccrnrement when II is over, with their
swollen tongues hanging out of their
me uths from thirst. and men have been
taken out of the glory hole dead after
UNDERGOING. this barbarity. The wonder
IS truly not great that slumbering devil
OF bitterness seems always to look from
ene eyes Of the Spanish man forward.
rhere have been many mutinies in the
spanish navy. but they have always been
suppressed, after serious loss Of life, by
the marines. for the Spanish naval Of
hcers are crafty enough to treat the ma
rltnes we'll. The snanish marine gets all
me best OF it. andshe is even coddled by
tne o1hcers aft. 1t is not an uncommon
tnlng for a private marine aboard a Spar.
ISM Iian- oI-"ar 70. slug u chief petty o.
hcer Without receiving the slightest pun
lshnssnt for it. Indeed, the marine wAo
does this is privately applauded by the
officers. In return for this sort of cod
dlins treatment at the hands of the Of 5
hcers the marines are the officers pro-
tectors, and on every occasion when the
b.1eJackets have risen in revolt--and they
have done this within the past ten years
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11

are the principal reasons for the jealousy
of the nations of continental Europe. So
all the islands which are scattered
through the world would be the
goal of hostile ships Ascension, st.
Helena Sauritius, the Faulklands,. the un-
fortified islands In the Bahamas. sBarba-
Does the Leeward islands, Fiji, New Zea-
land, New Guinea, BorneO, the Strait
Settlements, her possessions on the coast
of Africa-wherever she could be struck
the powers would grab them. Probably
Great Britain would have to let many of
them go at the beginning, as a chess
player would sacrifice his oawns in or
der to save his pieces for real work. II
the war, ended in. favor OF American and
Great Britain she would get them all
back; and If it didn't, few islands more
or less would hardly be noticed in the
general cutting uD that would ensue.'s ii
Between them the powers calculate that
they could raise an army of 17.SS7.4 men.
Against this the United States could put
Into the field an army of 1O,176.30O men,
There would be more trained soldiers IN
the armies of the powers, but there would
be also an immense number of unwilling
conscriDts. The Americans would be
fighting for their country and for issues
that were clear and dear to them. Tens
/ Of thousands of the soldiers forced into
service by the powers would be fighting
for rulers whom they hated and for an
issue OF WIllcIl Iu6va knew EIlOCA1TS ana
about which they cared less. Just how
many men Of this enormous array could
be sent out of the continent and advan-
tageously handled in a strange country
cannot be estimated. but it could not
possibly be more than a compare lively
small percentage.
The estimate as to the size Of the
armies that the powers could raise Is
based on the official figures. which in turn
give the. resources OF the military arm
when strained to the utmost IN times Of
desperate need. They are:
France. 100000 regulars, reserves. mos
biles and volunteers. Russia, 5,O22,OOO
regulars, reserves, second line defense
troops, Siberian and Finnish troops, MILF
tia and volunteers. Italy, 1865 459 reg-
ilars. reserves. unlimited furlough men
and volunteers. Germany, 5000, 900 reg
|SnlarS, reserves and; 14andstnrr,, with oNt
volunteers. Apsty a. 1slnHsa ~ Z. 00Q1n4o
l % = = = =, Z "a > ~ q e q
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11

American and British vessels that could
The converted into fwarships number more
than the vessels of all the ,powtrs COM
bined. For instance, the United States
naval force to-day, counting all the ships
| that have been added from the merchant
marine and other sources, AMOUNTS to 300
vessels. (The table shows onlysthe actual
| warships, builteas such.)k
| Spain would not enter the situation as
| serious factor, for no one knows whether
she will have any ships left after the
| United States gets through with her. and
In any event. she will be in no condition
| to wage another war for a long time to
come. -.-'~, = g:.5szSs&&s = :
first effort Of the powers would be to
strike at the point of vantage of Great
Britain, her belt Of coal and supply bases,
Of which she has more than forty great
ones scattered over the world OF these
Malta and Cyprus, in the Mediterranean.
would be the natural objective. points of
the Mediterranean squadgon[~of E'-the.
French fleet and Of IA VIZ 5,4her ships that
the powers could sfsas,1s aaat sea. But
they are strongly fortified, and the British
have the advantage Of Gibraltar as an
unassailable base, It would enable them
paratively small fleet, and practically
makes that ocean a home water for them.
The Russian squadron in the Black sea
could not be used to operate until the
BRUSH power In the Mediterranean was
broken. 1t would be needed, in the first
place, for the defense Of the Russian
coast there, and, in the second place, it
could not run through sthe Suez canal
without extensive reinforcement that
would enable it to, take Alden and protect
It's retreat. should that#be necessary. .
In the Chinese water4 the British and
Americans have pre- Dominating force,
and they could hold all he English passes
In the Pacific, preventing their enemies
from coaling Should the powers wish to
dispute the Pacific with-the allied Ameri-
can and British ships, they would have
to weaken their fleets in the Western
waters dangerously.
AS Sir Charles Wentworth Dixie told
Great Britain six years ago, and as we
have discovered in this war with Spain
the secret. of naval defense is to attack
the enemy's sea power and he cannot use
the enemy in or near his ports. Destroy
his armies against a nation that is sepa-
rated from him by water: The principle
OF British naval power has been to build
teets powerful and large enough to mask
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11
The Spanish bluejacket, standing at at

The Spanish bluejacket, standing at at
tention during the progress of a drill
may never know when he is to get the
fat or even the edge, of sword across
his back, welded by an officer of1'some-
what impulsive' disposition as fBlanco
might describe an officer who would order
the massacre of the inmates of a hospital
maintained by Cubans Spanish bluejack-
cts have been known to be MANNED for
life by such visitations of wrath on the
part Of officers. The regulation and APP
proved punishments prescribed for the
Correction Of offenders aboard ship in
the Spanish revy commonly render their
victims incapable of performing any sort
Of labor, either ashore or affoat, after
they have been thoroughly through the
mill. 6. a@
The stanchion punishment Is employed
for the most trivial offenses in the Span
isf navy. The bluejacket who breaks his
liberty by q few hours knows that he is in
for the stanckion lash when he returns
aboard. The Spanish sailors who desert
led their ships by the score in New York
lat the time Of the centenary celebration
lin 1850, were most Of them liberty break
Iers who, after having got Whit OF free
return to their ships to get the stanchion
lash. The man who is twenty minutes
late in running from his leave OF absence
L 1rOu a Spanish TIQ6u-O -WdT EeL6 StS MANY
cat-o'-nine-tail blows on his bare back,
whilo his wrists are securely dashed to q
stanchion,s as the officer Of the deck cares
to have inflicted upon him. It all depends
| pon the state Of the liver Of the officer
| OF the deck. Now. in the old navies Of
| he world. when the cato -nine-tails was
recognised institution-and as for the
| American ana British navies, that was
more than tlr5rty-five years agc-tf,e man
formally sentenced by q cOurt.martiad. to
| Be whipped had at least the consolation
OF knowing that he was to be whipped.b b
q superior In rank. An old-time bosun's
mate was ordinarily delegated to perform
the whipping, and retty officers were NOT
navy. From the chief petty oncHs-who
tn our navysare men Of dignity. expeF1-
sence, and character, az they must be to
9ain and hold the confidence ana respect
! 81 tho MT Of the enlisted men downsto
the newly tshangh led lauds ~ shanda
| fofwasd ares whipped and 0o1ely yol1pped
4 MOI ~ NJ tax oEs apntnG o.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11

rneir temporary bases nearer TO them.
There could be no decisive engagement
there In many months, and Great Britain
where. .,.-g #t.@ IS NJ n I
Americas action in the case Of, SUCH 4
war with all the powers would be largely
naval at first. If there were no fleet
threatening her Immediately and the
enemy had no powerful ships in her
waters, she would, no doubt, cooperate
With her. English aSally in operations !, in
the eastern waters of the Atlantic. She
would find sit>the wisest- policy to fortify
her coasts, so that they could Withstand
any feet that could be brought AGAINST
them, and then push her naval line of
defense clear across the Atlantic taking
advantage Of English coaling bases and
meeting the hostile fleets 81 before they
could disappear in the open#ocean. ss
ge Decisive naval actio1s ending IN tha
victory Of the Anglo-Saxon fleets wouH
come near to ending the war.;sIf the pow
ers still insisted on continuing it, the two
nations could starve them out sin short
order. They need American; and Cana
dlan'Swheat and meat. They need Ameri-
can and British money. They could not
invade, without fleets. Russiass advance
on India could be, checkmated by the
seizure of her possessions in China. Ger
many, too, would lose the Chinese terri
tory which she seized recently. :ii5s
But it is not likely that the question OF
naval supremacy would be settled easily.
If Great Britain and America found that
1T would be unwise to risk decisive en-
gagements, and the mastery of the At
iantlc ocean remained in doubt for any
length of time, the United States and,
Canada would. be be confronted with the
danger Of invakion and we would have to
raise an army indeed. That possible army
OF 100000 Of volunteers would need to
become a fact, then. A single strong
Heet of the powers could make an inva-
SIGN of the United States possible if the
entire coastris not fortified perfectly. A
check to the channel fleet would mean
invasion Of the United Kingdom. A
check to the American and British fleets
In the Mediterranean would leave the
enemy free to move into the Atlantic or
through the Suez canal. The war could
be carried into Australia, India and to
our Pacific coast. /
Even without decided setback to the
American and British fleets Great Britain
would lose much at first Her immense
colonial possessions. her extent Of empire.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11
A CLASH OF ARMS.
tdERICA AND ENGLAND MUST STAND
OR FALL TOGETHER.
oOhny Bull and Uncle Sam Must be Good
Friends In the Pre- sent Conflict so as to
keepthe Other Foreign Nations From
Taking Hand.

Sentiment is something not to be de-
n1lsed as practic II factor either in pol
lslcs or IN personal affairs. The common
people OF America and Great Britain are
lmpelled to desire alliance because thew
1eel that they are of one blood. And thai
q purely sentimental feeling has as much
q Dearln.r on the affair as has the polit-
zeal wisdom Of the statesmen who see
tiat there is a growing enmity against
tne Ahsae-SaxonsE among all the nations
or the continent Of Europe. AS yet, the
enm1ty Is commercial, and takes the form
or commercial raids. But the heavy
ornaments of the powers are pushing
hard behind, declares the New York
Press. The tap of tiny hammer, a tap
that might be given by the most unira-
portant of the little things that cause
friction between nations. may release
the unsteady stay which holds back that
enormous weight of human war material
and start 1t sliding down on the two ma
items whom the world envies .
Ihere mas not been day in the last ten
years when the Latins have not been
made to feel the contemptuous indiffer-
ence with which the free Anglo-Saxons
looked on their policies and menaces. It
Is little wonder that they hate the clean
race with the pure blood that is waxing
stronger In every quarter Of the globe, in
every way while their ancient and weak
ened systems meet with defeats that they
cannot eXplain-for the Latin does NOT
or the newer and healthier races that
wait only for the chance to strike Eng
land and America. the Germans are actu-
ated by a strange and new. spirit. The
1mpatience of militarism rules them.
when they meet a problem difficult of
solution, political or commercial. thew
squfnt at the military po .rer to see If it
cannot solve the vexing question with
force. -. -
More fiercely than any other power.
because he has more virility and youth,
the Russian hates the Anglo-Saxon. With
original saVagery strong within him, he
LOOKS to war as the easiest way Of solving
troublesome questions and of moving fur
ther ahead on the road which he has
marked out with the instincts of the
primitive conqueror, the conquest Of ter
ritory.
So, with deeply-rooted reasons for ra
cial, political and commercial hatred it is
no idle blare Of war that comes from the
new and informal concert of Europe,
Should general war be declared against
either the United States of Great Britain
self-interest would force one ma tion to the
support of the other A successful attack
on Great Britain by the powers Of n6nti-
mental Europe would mean an attack on
the United States as sure as consequence
follows cause. Let Great Britaina lose
the mastery of the seas and .thE@S North
Americans continent would ,bSs Hi rt1lei1
fleets of combined 4EufUpe aSs5Sa K succesgft3
American y aar10Ets Eyy{;ifM
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11
A Few spant.h Idioms.


I, The student Of modern Spanish should OBJ.
serve that there are many words In the lam
guage that correspond to English words in
spelling, but which have an entirely different
meaning. In order to enable the readers to
understand the Madrid and Havana dispatches.
the Detroit Free Press thus interprets few
Of these Spanish terms and phrases:
Brilliant Victory-Escape Of Spanish heee
from destruction
: Fn,thuei0sn-A happy feeling occasioaed BY
the cessation OF firing by the Americans.
E Spanish Courage-Ability to keep out OF
range Of Sampson's guns.
|sti without Damage--Without annihilation
Cowardly Yankees-Aen like Admiral Dewey.
l. American tDefeat-Destructton4 q q spanish
feet by the ''cowardiy Yankees-"
10 Pacify-To render desolate; to 'Weyles>
ize.' 'ss3 III <fs#~ y -a3s ~
TO Fight Naval f8attle-To hottie up =
feet 50 that the Americans cannot get at t.
To Inhict Damage Upon the Enemy-To hre
on projectiles at the American war vessels
without getting within half mile OF the true
range. .lf8
Such are few Of the most common spanish
idioms, which must be learned IN oroer 20
understand the dispatches which daily enaazats
from 9pa1ish Sources. af.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11

on several notable occaslons-the marines,
instantly taking their stand on the poop
behind the rapid-fire guns, and with their
rifles ready, have awed the sailors into
submission. not, however, on few occa-
sions; without first pouring volley into
them. tr.4j ina 1l :.
To reduce the matter to its smallest
term, Spanish man-of-war is simply q
floating hell for the bluejackets, and the
idea of the officers Of the Spanish navy
expecting men to put up good light 1or
any sort of cause, after having had a
taste Of the kind Of treatment they get
aboard ship, is matter a bit beyond
the comprehension of the American mind
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1898-06-11


Brit ain. Blockade of the United States
by the powers would lay tens of thou
sands of tons of her shipping idle in her
harbors.
An attack by the contir ertal powers on
the two nations would not be a war witt
ordinary purposes. 1t would be a war OF
one-half of the civilized world against the
other, Of political and commercial exter-
mination. There would be engaged in It
on one side two nations whose people,
scattered all over the globe. number 49,
.S31, 500. There would be on the other side
five nations with 26S6O4. 800 people. More
than 30, 100000 of soldiers could be called
on. The oceans of all the world would be
filled with fleets. To one watching the
globe from some other planet 1t would
seem as If the inhabitants of the earth
were about to destroy each other and
leave the world untenanted., - -.
And yet this mighty war, Of a magni-
tude too great to grasp, would in the be-
ginning be limited almost altogether to
one thing. the struggle for the mastery
of the ocean. Until the sea power Of the
two Anglo-Saxon nations was broken,
there could be no great military opera
tons against either. AS long as they held
the oceans, they would hold the only road
by which their possessions could be at
tackled. However mighty the continental
powers may be in armies and armament
the force in which the United States and
Great Britain are the most nearly equal
to them is that Of the navy. Until the
British and American navfes have been
destroyed, therefore, the powers could
make little use Of their huge armies.
The effective navies of the contending
powers would be furnished by France,
Russia. Itay and Germany in the order
named. The fifth !,ower, Austria-Hun-
CARA. has no ships that are worth con-
sdering. as they could rot be used to
protect he: bit of sea coast.
The following table, which shows the
relative strength of the fleets. has been
prepared with the object of listing the
vessels according to common standard.
Almost every nation has its own way of
listing it's ships. and one will call a YES
sci a battleshio when, according to the
higher standard of another. 1t is only a
cruiser. The SHIPS as tabulated here are
divided into their various classes ac-
cording to the British and American
standards 81.
GuntyOatS
Fisherman & farmer. [volume] (Edenton, N.C.) 1887-19??, 1898-04-08

The calendar counts for little in the coming o
when the bloom is on them; never mind the wea
and, better than all, they are here, in this store
orr snring opening means an opening OF man
in(the Whole twelve months. Dress Goods, 81
Goods. the newest in these; the really novel tina