The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-10-21
THE. BENEFITS OF NECHANI-
CAL INVENTION.

The brilliant success attending the
introduction of machinery into the cot
ton trade. and Transformation OF this
dustrv-the first of such thorough
changes that had occurrcd-drew the
wondering attention of the whole coun-
try upon it. Its success suggested the
extended application of the principle.
Very soon. the jenny. the water frame,
the mule. and their subordinate ma
chimes wcr" modified and adapted to
the WOOL. and worstcd trades with
almost equal success. Towards the
close Of the first quarter Of the present
century they were applied in the linen
trade, Marshall's. of Leeds, leading tie
way. 1t took Il lonycr tim. to make
mechanical weaving distinguished
success. but both invention and adapta-
ton followed upon the same lines.
Every fresh adaptation sue gcsted fur
ther applications. fla steam engine
would turn Il wheel in a mill. why
should it not turn Il wheel in a boat
formed "'t q. en- mat. IN "fpa'l,lles!
Bell, at Glasgow. and Fulton, at New
York, between them solved this prob
lem. and soon boats were navigating
our waters independent Of wind. steam
and tide. If by ;he aid of steam men
| could travel on water. why not on land!
| And forthwith, 10y the aid of the Stcph-
cnson 5, we had steam land carria gcs
and passenger railway between Man
chester and Liverpool Bat these were
not the sole achievements or results of
the labors Of the textile inventors. In
those days every inventor was his own
designer, and, only 10y the village black
smith, carpenter, and wainwright, had
to put into concrete form his ideal con-
ceptions. There were no mechanical
engineers or machine builders in those
days. But this could not last
We now arrive at the morn of another
world by the birth of two of the most
important industri>s it possesses. and
which particularly V distinguish modern
civilization from everything that has
gone before. These industries are
engineering and machine building.
Let the reader pause for moment and
think what these mean and embrace
The new mechanical industries and the
new methods Of locomution on land and
water, 4, soon Us their practical sue
cess was assured, orig mated Il great de
was difficult to cope with, while the
cost was deterrent Of adventure. As
everybody wanting engines and ma
chinery, especially the latter, hal to
make them, excepting the comparative-
ly few of the former erected 10y Is ,u!-
ton and Watt, of Birmir CHAM. those
who developed most skill and sue
ceedcd best in the task achieved repu-
tation and attracted the patronage of
those who wanted machines but could
not make for themselves. Hence was
developed the engineer and machinist.
Every one who showed capacity and
was willing to make for other people
had abundant occupation. And quite
as naturally these men and their en-
ployes, working among machines, de-
veloped more mechanical skill, and be-
came inventors in turn. So from the
growing experience Of impcrtections in
existing machinery and the develop
weavcrs. torelncn. and mechanics, be-
ing stimulated by the hope Of making
fortunes by SOM lucky invention there
set in Il rapid Improvement in the de-
tails of engines and machinery, under
which impulse the new industries took
firm root. Bat a singular feature Of
the latter was that the new industries,
though catering for Transformed or
ypn anin,l ,n,S ,rr,r !, IN, .IynS ,,nnn
handicraft lines. The hammer. chisel,
file, and hand drill were almost the
only implem Ants with which the prac-
teal engineer and mlchnist had to
work. But the ludicrousness of this
fact, and the relationships between the
new industries and the transformed
ones, sooI suggested another advan-
tayc. If machines could spin yarn,
weave cloth, propel boats and draw
land carriages, there was really no
reason why they should not turn SPIN
dies, drill holes, bore cylinders, plane
flat surfaces, and d. many other things,
in the construction Of engines and ma
chimes. Three decades, from 1850 to
1880, saw the invention Of machine
drills, planes, steam hammers, and al
most the thousand and one automatic.
highly productive, AMI accurate tools
with which to-day every engineering
and machine shop is equipped. Paral-
lei with these changes the industrial
transformation was steadily going on,
and has continued until hardly single
handicralt remains Tcrfie Ne,cnyy.
\ London specialist says the most
expensive drug is called physostigmine,
an ounce of which would cost nearly
81 100000. 1t is prepared from the
Calabar bean. an is used in diseases