davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
PALMETTO STATE ITEMS.
City Licenses for Railroads.

Judge Townsend has recently decided
O case of vital importance to the cities
and towns Of the State involving di-
rectly the right of municipalities to
levy license tax upon railroad COM
pnnies, and indirectly, the entire right
of cities and towns to levy all licenses.
under the Constitution of 1895. The
case was the Florida Central and PENN
sular Railroad Company vs.. City Of
Columbia This company paid the tax
levied by the city of Columbia under its
license ordinance of 1897, and brought
is, action to recover it back upon the
ground that as railroad companies were
quasi public corporations, cities and
towns could not hamper them by the
imposition of license taxes. They fur
ther contended that it did no business
exclusively within the city of Colum-
bia, and therefore WAS not amenable to
the ordinance of that city. The railroad
company further took the ground that
under the constitution of 1895 oil license
taxes must be graduated. The city OF
Columbia made o vigorous defence,
recognizing that if the decision was
against the city it would strike seri-
ous blow to its revenues, and food the
city with numerous suits CT like char
acter. The railroads of Columbia are
assessed 500 each for this license tax,
and as many of the roads have for years
past paid the tax under protest, decIs-
ion against the city would involve .
good many thousand dollars. The city
contended that q portion Of the rail.
roads business was business transacted
Exclusively within the city OF Colum-
bia, and further that in this particular
case the payment of the tax, though
under protest, was not payment under
duress, such as would entitle 1t to re-
cover it back. The case was heard upon
q written demurrer introduced by Mr..
J. J. Thomas, Jr., city attorney: Mr..
W. II. Lyles represented the railroad.
Judge Townsend sustained the demur-
rer upon the first ground taken by tho
city and dismissed the complaint. 1t
is notable victory for the city OF
Columbia.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Charleston May Rest Secure.

Charleston will be one of the safest
ports on the Atlantic coast in the event
of war with Spain, says the correspon-
dent of the Columbia State, at this
point, of the 2lst There is not the
least occasion for alarm or excitement
when the news reaches Charleston that
war has been declared. The four big
rifles at Battery Sergeant Jasper have
been mounted The eight new 12.inch
mortars for the battery near the hotel
are rapidly being mounted, and In
few DAYS the 16 mortars will be pre-
pared to belch forth fire and explosive
shells. The war preparations are still
going on at Forts Sumter and Moultrie,
and soon the old rehabilitated fortresses
will be in fighting trim. The approaches
to and the channel itself are laid with
torpedoes and submarine mines, and it
will be impossible for the Spanish gun
boats to approach Charleston, lest alone
to get nearer enough to she'll the city.
Charleston offers no strategic purr oses
to Spain, and it will seriously interfere
with her plans of procedure about Cube
to come to Charleston to attempt to
shell the city. The Spanish navy will
have all it can attend to around the
Cuban waters, looking after the safety
of the Spanish possessions and inter
cepting American merchantmen to come
to Charleston. The commerce Of
Charleston is not inviting enough to
bring q Spanish feet here.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Grand Lodge knights Of Honor.

The Grand Lodge Knights Of Honor,
of the State Of South Carolina, met in
Columbia last week in annual session.
Forty-eight lodges were represented.
Grand Dictator John E. Holmes pre-
sided over the sessions. The reports
showed that the Knights of Honor in
this State during the past year have
collected for the Grand Lodge S9l,-
21S. 80 in the way of assessments; that
there has been paid to benefciaries Of
the fifty-one members who died the
sum of sos, 900. 1t is said that almost
every community in the State has felt
the benefit of the order in the course Of
the year Just ended. The following Of.
ficers were elected, and Columbia Sc
lected as the next meeting place. Date.
third Wednesday in April, 1890: Past
udDictator, ]. E. Holmes; grand die
tator, w. A. Templeton; grand vice die
tator, J. w. Todd; grand assistant
dictator, NJ. F. Kennedy; grand re-
porter, l.. N. Zealy; grand treasurer,
J. T. Robertson; grand chaplain. A.
Buist; grand guide, J. A. Vernon;
grand guardian, J. B. Lewis; grand
sentinel, J. B. Bonner; grand trustees,
J. G. Tompkins, II. G. Moses, D. A.
Smith.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
In the Face Of War.

Governor Ellerbe has received the
following letter from the Mecklenburg
Monument association Of Charlotte:
Hon. ". II. Etter6e:
DEAR SIR: Whether the Cuban ques.
ton is definitely settled or not the ar
rangements have been SO completed
for haying q notable gathering in Char.
lotte on May Goth, the occasion Of the
uuveiling of the monument to the sign.
ers of the Mecelenburg Declaration OF
Independence. So if the invitation to
yourself and staff to be our guests upon
celebrating that event seems to arrive
late, it is because We were awaiting fol
the Cuban controversy to assume more
definite shape before completing oul
programme. Our city is largely com.
posed of South Carolinisns, and ell OF
our people not only expect to Join with
us in the ceremonies, but will give you
a large and sincere greeting. Trusting
that nothing can interfere with your
coming, I am sincerely and truly yours,
F. b. MCDOWELL, President.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Philosophy of Boiling.

Advanced cooks who study into the
philosophy and physiology of cooking,
with its accompanying effects upon
the digestive organs, object to the
close covering of any kettle or stew
pan while its contents are cooking.
All will recall the frequent deadliness
of the chicken pie, when the crust
has been made without vent to al
low for the escape of the steam and
grass generated. The same effect, in
lesser degree, may be noticed in the
cooking of many, if not all, vegetables,
in the boiling of beef, or in any other
closed cooking. The free circulation
of air is an admirable thing in cook
ing, as, witness, the broiling of steak,
or the old-time roasting Of beef on o
spit-the most delicious and whole
some way of cooking. While in boil
ing it is not e1pedient to leave the
cover entirely off, on account of its
reducing the temperature too much, it
should be left far enough off to allow
for the free escape of the steam. Cab
bage, caulifower and spinach cooked
in this way retain their natural color,
and are much more digestible.-
Washington Star.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Feeding Work Horses.

". C. Edwards, Rockland, Ontario,
writes thus to the Canadian Sports
man: Some years ago we adopted a
method that was in a measure new to
us, but has proved highly satisfactory
and improbable, and nothing would
induce us to return to the old system.
We employ forty horses about our
mills here in the summer season. In
the rear of our stables we have feed
room where our cut straw for bedding
and our cut hay, oats and ground
feed are kept; and here we have
two mixing boxes where the rations
for the horses are mixed before feed
ing.
The cut hay is put into these boxes
and is thoroughly mixed with the wet
hay, one-half pound bran and five
pounds''ground oats and barley to each
horse night and morning, and four
pounds dry oats only st noon.
Our horses are generally of large
size and are doing excessively hard
work and we found this ration too
small for them, and we gradually in
creased it until we have settled down
to this: Five pounds hay, five pounds
ground grain and one-half pound bran
to each horse morning and night, and
eight pounds dry oats only at noon, no
hay, and this we find ample for the
largest class of horses doing the most
excessive work.
Our saving is at least ten pounds
hay per day for each horse and six
pounds grain for each. Not only is
this the case, but our horses are
healthier and better in every way.
Under the old system it was COM
mon thing for Us to lose from one to
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
THE NEWS EPIToMlZED.
Washington Items.

Chairman Cannon. OF House Appropria-
tions Committee, said that $4,000, 900 OF
the $50, ,000, 900 fund was still left. and that
a volunteer army would cost about Sl5o,-
300 day.
Senator Foraker said in debate in the
Senate that he had positive information
that it is the intention of this Government
to recognize the representatives OF the
Cuban Government in this country.
The Ways and Means Committee dropped
from the War Revenue bill the taxes on
tea. coffee and crude petroleum.
T. Estrada Palma and one OF Comes
brigadiers, it is said. have consulted Gen
eral Miles arranging for cooperation
agairs. Spain.
Mr.. Dingleys committee practically de-
cided upon war tax bill estimated 20
raise sl25, 900, 900 year.
Brisadier General J. c. Breckinridge,
now Inspector General OF the United States
Army, will serve on General Nilcs's stah as
chief OF inspection department.
The Navy Department ordered the pur-
chase Of ten light-draught yachts for use
in Cuban waters.
Secretary Gage announced that Treasury
employees who may enlist will be reinsta-
ted at any time within year.
The guard at the White House has been
trebled and other precautions have been
taken to assure the personal safety OF the
President.
1t was announced at the Navy Depart.
ment that NO more big warships Will be
bought.
Commodore Howell, recently OF the
European squadron. has been detailed to
command the patrol heet.
The House Ways and Means Committee
decided to favor tax OF 81 barrel on
beer in the new bill for war revenue.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Sheep Lore.

Awell known veterinarian of New
York in an address before O farmers
institute, gave some interesting and
useful information regarding sheep,
from which the following useful points
were taken: The breeding eve more
than any other, needs exercise. A
sleeps weak points are the head and
lungs. Sheep crave wider variety
Of food than any other of the domestic
animals, and some succulent food is
highly desirable for ewes, but don't
pay high prices for concentrated foods
or so-called condition powders. Get
fivepounds of gentian, 100 pounds of
oil meal, and mix with wheat bran to
help the ration.
Referring to scab among sheep
which has gained strong foothold in
the country, the speaker made this
pertinent suggestion: Have sheep
from the stock yard dipped before
leaving and again on their arrival at
the farm. Then watch closely and if
one is seen pulling its wool catch it,
shear the spot and apply the dip, rub
bing it in with q brush. The scab is
not hard to kill if it can be gotten at,
but it is frequently found under the
scarf skin. Recent experiments have
demonstrated that the scab can endure
and multiply Iin sandy soil where
scabby sheep have been, and clean
sheep may contract it by lying where
it is.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28

and these kept it to themselves. No whis.
per OF an impending change Of heads was
heard about the Postoffice Department it.
self, and from First Assistant Postmaster
startled by the news.
The Senate was equally stricken with as
tonishment. Having had no premonition
either of Mr.. Gary's retirement or Of the
selection Of his successor, the presentation
few minutes after noon Of the message
from the President announcing the nomi-
nation of q new Postmaster-General
caused futter of excitement and a mur-
mur of comment about the chamber.
The reasons given for Mr.. Gary's retire
ment are that his health is poor, that he is
threatened with heart disease and that he
cannot stand the excitement of the ap-
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Jottings BY the Way.

Spartanburg is now enjoying the free
mail delivery system.
Work on Gaffney's carpet mill is to
be commenced right away and pushed
rapidly to completion.
Fire in the Millfort Lunal cotton
mill at Fort Mill did damage amount
ing to S15, 900 or over. The origin OF
the fire is believed to be incendiary.
DIR. Montague, of Furman Univer-
sity, has been engaged to deliver the
annual address at the commencement
of Williamson Female college in June.
LAST week Chas. Giles, o negro, was
lodged in Union Jail, charged with at,
tempted assault upon Mrs. Robert
Young, the wife of a young farmer liv-
ing near Sardis church, eight miles
from Union. There was little talk OF
lynching.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Yalue of BARNARD Manure.

The real value of the accumulation
in the barpyard is beginning to be ap-
preciated. We have farmer readers
who have said to US that they don't
believe in barnysrd manure. They
believed it made their land ''too
rich" We really never have seen
land that was too rich. It might be
too rich for particular crop if highly
manured, but if the manure is applied
where it belongs, in a rotation, there
is no danger of land ever getting too
rich. 1t might make land too rich for
an oat crop to manure it heavily, be-
cause it would make too rank growth
of straw, but there's the grass land
that always needs just the kind OF
growth that is Objectionable in case Of
oats. Put the manure where it be-
longs and no farm ever makes too
much of it. While the manure pile is
beginning to be appreciated, there are
great many who do not know its real
value. They do not appreciate the
fact that if it is put in the right place
it means increased yields, and returns
far exceeding the cost of application.
The reason why there is failure to
appreciate the value of the barnyard
accumulation is because farmers have
been for long time accustomed to
very rich and comparatively virgin
soil; but there never was q soil so
rich that it would not wear out by
continuous cropping without any re-
turns being made to it. Every COM
paratively new country is slow to learn
this. 1t has the accumulations of
centuries, perhaps, to draw upon.
Eastern farmers had these accumula-
tions, too, and go did those of the
South, but in both sections COM
mercial fertilizers are now being used,
at cost that would throw the West
ern farmer into despair if he had to
incur it.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Foreign.

Don Carlos, the pretender to the Spanish
throne, who left Venice on a mysterious
mission, accompanied BY numerous suite,
has arrived at Ostend, Belgium. It Is un-
derstood that he will remain at Ostend for
some time, presumably watching the course
Of events in Spain.
The United States military attaches st
Vienna and st. Petersburg have been re-
called.
A despatch from Assouan, on the Nile,
says gunboat that has returned to Dakala
from Shendy reports that It had an engages
,ment with fugitives from Mshmoud's s
army, killing 200 and capturing seYaaty. j
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28

be accepted were it not known that Mr..
Gary, like Senator Wellington, OF Mary
land, and other politicians from his State,
are opposed to war. Gary carried his op-
position into the Cabinet meeting, and on
the vote which decided the transmittal OF
the Presidents message outlining his war
policy Gary Joined with Gage and Long
against Wilson, Griggs and Ager, who
supported the Presidents views.
Mr.. Gary's resignation and the appoint
ment of Mr.. Smith TO succeed him leaves
the South without representation in the
Cabinet. The West and Middle West now
have four Cabinet members Gage, Alger.
Wilson and Shermau); in East three
(Griggs, Bliss and SMITH, and New Eng
land one Uong).
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
s~ Hens Should Be Kept Busy.

Flying over fence on the part of
hens is a matter of education. A flock
in yard may be able to 60 over the
fence, but do not know it; they are
afraid to attempt it. But let one hen
60 over and she will be found outside
every day, and will soon teach all of
the others. A fence seven feet high
is sufficient. If the hens 60 over it
they will also go over a nine-foot
fence, or q fourteen-foot fence. Like
human beings it depends on how they
are raised. To keep hens from fly
ing, make them work. Give them
something to do. Idleness is the
cause of all vices among poultry, such
as feather pulling, flying, egg-eating,
etc.-Southern Farmer.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28

married in 1874 Algernon Charles Frederick
Sartoris, British subject, and resided in
England, thus becoming naturalized
British subject, but has since returned here
and lately petitioned Congress for uncon-
ditional readmission to United States citi-
zenship.
The bill was promptly passed by both
Senate and House. Mrs. Sartoris's son,
Algernon, has requested General Fitzhugh
Lee to appoint him IN aide on his stan.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Farm and Garden Notes.

Look out that the brood mares that
are in foul do not slip or get mired as
spring comes in.
The old wood should be cut out OF
the raspberry and blackberry planta-
tions. 1t is job very often neglect
ed.
Stale bakers bread can usually be
had for fifty cents barrel, and, if not
moldy, makes an excellent chicken
food if soaked in mAk and then
squeezed out pretty dry. Only soak
what is needed for q meal at one time.
Sows about to farrow should be
looked after closely, that cold night
or stormy day does not catch the
little porkers with chill and take the
life from them. A little watchfulness
now may bring big returns next fall.
A few oats given the calves and
yearlings and the sheep just now will
bring them out in the spring in bet
ter shape than a clear ration of hay,
straw or corn stalks. Try it on one
pen if you do not wish to take our
statement for it.
After the chicks get three weeks old
wheat and cracked corn may be given
once or twice day. Feed twice as
much wheat as corn and-will we have
to say it again?-feed on clean board
and only what the chicks will clean up
in, say, five minutes.
Mammoth clover is an elegant crop
with which to enrich the soil, being q
rank, coarse growing plant. It, how
ever, makes fair quality of hay
when sown thickly in connection with
timothy. It gives but one crop per
year, however, either of hay or seed
and as rule the medium variety is
preferred.
Where an occasional fence post has
rotted of, allowing the fence to sag,
very satisfactory job of repairing can
often be done by sharpening and driy-
ing good new posts that are not too
large, soon as the frost comes out and
while the ground is yet soft deep down.
IF wire fence, look well to the corr,
ners, as it must be tight to work we'll
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
NEW CABINET OFFICER.
Postmaster General Gary Resigns and
Charles Emory Smith Succeeds Him.
CAUSE OF THE RETIREMENT.

u-Health Given as Reasonable Phila-
delphia Editors appointment Unex.
pected to His Friends In Congress-
q Promptly Confirmed by the Senate
and Eaters Upon His Duties.
WASHINGTON, D. c. (SpeciaD.-Postmas-
ter General James 4. Gary retired from the
Cabinet on account OF failing health. and
Charles Emory Smith, editor OF the Phila-
delphia Press, was nominated by the Presi-
dent to take his place, and the nomination
was confirmed by the Senate.
The change took the capital, Congress
and the country by surprise, although it
had been in contemplation for several days.
Not an inkling Of its coming had been al.
lowed to leak out. Up to the official
PRONUNCIATION of the resignation and nomi-
natiun at noon, Thursday, less than q
dozen people in Washington knew OF it,
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28

Listed Corn Is Profitable and Why.
l. Because more corn can be raised
per acre than checked corn.
2. Because it takes less labor than
checked corn.
8. Because q man can tend third
more at least than he can of checked
corn. - %
4. Because he can shuck more listed
corn than checked corn, because it
stands straight and is less liable to
blow down or tangle owing to the
brace roots being in the ground in
stead of being above the ground, as is
usual in checked corn.
5. If you wish to cut your corn with
cutter it is another great advantage,
because it does not pull up as easy as
checked corn.
If you want to SOW fall grain you
can SOW in listed corn where you
could not in checked corn, as, if
plowed properly, the corn should not
be ridged the last plowing.
listed corn for eight years in Ne
braska and experimental great deal
and took particular notice of both,
listed and checked corn, taking into
consideration everything in all kinds
of seasons, and find that listed corn
was best and cheapest q
Take off your drill attachments in
the fall and go into your stubble and
fall list, list deep and that takes half
the work in the fall of fall plowing,
and there are your ridges to freeze
and thaw all winter, and if any weed
seeds blew across the field during the
fall and winter, when you commence
to list in the spring you cover them
deep by listing out those ridges and
you also have loose dirt to throw TO-
your corn all the season, and you
should never put q harrow on listed
corn.
In blowing listed corn use box
about twelve or fourteen inches Deep,
made like sled with runners about
six or eight inches apart in front and
about half the width behind; box be-.
ing about three feet long; fasten >
rope to each runner, and to about the.
end of the beam in front, and let your
inside shovels rest against the box;;i
and let the shovels down lower than
the outside ones; turn them to throw
the dirt away from the corn and the
outside ones to throw it it.
A disc cultivator may be used the
same way, except you put rod bes
tween the beams to hold them to their
place; this is for the first time culti-
waiting.
You are less liable to hurt listed
corn in plowing it in dry, hot weather,
than checked corn, for the little fine
roots that you see gather on the plow
shanks when laying it by are deeper
in the ground than in checked corn.
I hardly think listed corn would
do in this State (Iowa) for the subsoii
is different, but in Nebraska or Kan
sas I think it is the successful way Of
raising corn.-''Iowa Farmer" In
Farm, Field and Fireside.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
Roast Beef For a Small Family.

In buying a roast of beef for small
family do not try to buy too large
one, as the family will tire of it be-
fore it is eaten. A one-rib roast OF
the second or third cut will usually be
quite sufficient. Have the ribs re-
moved, skewer or tie in round
shape, season with salt and pepper,
dredge with flour; brown quickly on
each side OH the stove or in hot oven,
and finish the process in cool oven.
Forty minutes will suffice for the
whole operation. Ifbrowned potatoes
are to accompany the roast, cut in
halves, cook in boiling, salted water
until nearly done, then lay in the
dripping pan with the roast and finish
there, basting frequently with the
drippings.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
HOUSEHOLD MATTERS;
How to Improve Chocolate.

TO those who study the niceties OF
detail in the preparation of even a
simple dish, it may be suggested that
chocolate used as drink is much i'm
proved if blended several hours be-
forehand. It is better even to break
the Jumps of unsweetened chocolate
into an earthen bowl the night before,
adding cold water and covering close
". In this way the flavor of the
chocolate is best extracted.
The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1898-04-28
MRS. SARToRlS A CITIZEN.
General Grants Daughter Ceases to Be
Subject of Great Britain.

subject OF GREAT br1tAin.
Representative Pearson, OF North Caro-
lima, introduced joint resolution In the
House, Washington, to readmit Mrs. Nellie
Grant Sartoris, the daughter Of General
Grant, to the character and privileges Of q
citizen Of this country. Mrs. Sartoris