The age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1897-1902, 1898-04-20
500 pounds.

$500 pounds air.
$500 pounds. 1850 pounds.
For every 1000 pounds of pig iron there
is obtained 1900 pounds of blast furnace
Stag. This is not only waste product
but its removal is usually an expense to be
charged in with the cost of iron. 1t has
been used somewhat to aduiterate the
cheaper grades of cement and to manufac-
ture mineral wool, but Its success for these
purposes have been limited. For the most
part 1t has been used for railroad ballast
and in steel working, but the income from
these sources has scarcely paid Tor the
handling. By using Mr.. Hartenstein pro-
cess this Stag is combined with carbonace-
Gus material, such as coke, and new pro-
duct is obtained which is known as car
bolite In bringing carbohte into CONTACT
with water or other liquid gas is instant
w generated which, when used IN suitaple
burners gives a beautiful white Name ol
great steadiness and remarkably iun'lnosi-
ty. .,,o,;+a &c as
follows: Slaw being a combination OF an
the non-volatile substances contaheo ~
the charge except iron, and being hshle.
than smelted iron, floats on the top anu
is drawn off through an aperture IN tne
furnace placed at the upper line OF the
,soIton iron into suitable receivers, SO con-
structed as to retain the great neat. beihs
or a very high temperature, II is alinose ae
fluid as water, and by means VI So
ladels operated by hydraulic power Is pass
ed from receivers into converters' s.'r -
20 those used for the manufacture Oh Bes-
soroer steel. Except that their tops are
somewhat closed, the opening pelns mucn
smaller than their central diameter .ne
conyerters may be likened to great, eloli.
GATED iron kettles hung on hollow snales or
oat1x tI1rn ID.
Through these hollow shafts or trunnions
iron pipes are run, leading to and connect
ing with a. number of small TUBES Wnlch
nerforate the bottom or the cohv7t -
These pipes and tubes are so arrahseo tna ss
6neIv nulyerized coke can be fed into anu
forced through them
,efora the Stag is poured into the con-
verter a strong gas blast Is forced lhio oI,.,
the nipes to keep the molten mass ,,
running into and filing them up AS soo.'
however, as the Stag is poured INTO .ne tte
~ tho nulverized coke is fed into the
mines. and by the gas blast Is carrieu
throneh and forced into the molten mass
This Is continued until the sag Is lhoio
Iy impregnated with the coke.
To In sure uniform mixture the convs' -
NAV he tipped backward and forward Us
ae;red thus increasing the agitation.
When the mixture is complete the converter
;s turned on its shaft, so as TO cause Inc
mass to flow between the series VI oai oo'
fans or electrodes, which serve 10 lntroouee
a powerful electric current. COKE - d" .fa
ceIlent conductor of electricity, while sag
is a resistant, The result is that the parti-
clos of slak in connection with the particieS
of coke form innumerabie immature ~ ~
trio arce producing an immense hea. VIZ
in the mixture. In the course OIL apou'
heated that the Stag is deoxidized ana pc
comes fused or corbureted with the coke.
When this fusion is effected the materiai 10
finished. 1t is then poured into moios OF
any desired form or size. When coil II 10
of crystalline formation, has metaiiic
glitter, and is nearly twlee ING "e-9
coal. -.
The finished product is carbolite, can De
kept independently and transported without
difficulty Protected by wood-Jacketeo TIN
cans from the water and air moisture II can
be kept as common article of merchan-
disc and supplied to the consumer with
much less difficulty than ordinary 1llumin-
ating oil. Each pound of good cafpoilte WIN
produce five cubic feet of gas. Each CUBIC
foot is equal in illuminating to fifteen feet
of ordinary coal or water gas. BY a little
colonization it will be readily seen that at
$50 per ton, or two and one-half cents
pound, thirty-five cents worth OF carboilte
will produce much light as l,cOo teet OF
ordinary gas, costing 81. The same amount
of light produced by the 16-candle power
electric lamps at one cent per hour, would
cost 81.
Carbolite is equally adapted for use in iso-
lated places or to supply the largest cities
For individual use generators are Duilt
which operate automatically. When the
lights are gurning the machine makes the
gas; when they are out the machine and
the consumption of carboltte are stopped
Then generators are simple and 1nexpen-
sive. Any ordinary person may operate
OFF rd or TOWN n1antS
the cost is many times less than those now
in use The cost of piping Is smaller and
maintenance is nominal. 1t is equally
practicable to light individual blocks or
buildings.
The construction of carbolite plant is
almost identical with that of the Besse-
mer portion of a steel plant. The converters
handle three more tons at a single
charge. The production Of carbolie under
the most favorable conditions will be in
connection with the manufacture of pig
iron or coke. In combined plant not only
can the Stag of the blast furnace be made
valuable, but the immense value of gases
from the funaces, converters and coke
ovens, together with the now-wasted sensi-
Bile heat, could all be transformed Into me-
chanical energy ample to provide power for
all requirements without the expenditure of
a penny for fuel.
1t is estimated that a 15O-ton-a-day car
bolite plant will cost $3.50 900. The following
is liberal estimate of the daily cost of op-
Grafton:
Material, rs tons coke, a $3.50 80. -. .s112 so
Power and electric plant ...... ........ % 90
sag plant ........ .......... 100 so
Repairs and ncidentals ......... ....... q so
Total cost $50 tons carbolie ......... $3.50 so
Average cost per ton ........ ...... 49,. 81 Is
Suppose the cost of the manufacture of
carbolite is placed to $40 a ton, credting to
the blast furnace $S.25 in return or It's
Stag, waste gases and heat. The output of
a 150-ton plant working 800 days would be
$4,000 tons. 1t wvuid be cheap to the con-
sumner at $50 ton. The gas would be far
superior at a far less cost than any other.
The dealer could be furnished at $50 giving
him total margin of profit of $780, The