davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Frank Bruy, WHO Killed his Tathrr-
ia.law, Robert Russell in Christian
county, last summer, has been pro-
nounccd insane by the trial court nc
Ozark. The prisoner will he sent to
'he asylum.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22
DEAD AND DOWN TIMBER.
Report Of Special Indian Agent Jea-
klns to Commissioner of In
dian Affairs Jones.
SOURCE OF fHt CHIPPEWA TROUBLES.


washington, Dee. ~ SpcclM III
dian Agent Jenkins, In report Just
submitted 20 Commissioner Of Indian
ABaiys Jones, ON the investigation OF
the timber operations ON the Chippo.
wa reservation Ia Minnesota, makes
some statements radically differing
with those In other reports. lie Says
that during the last fiscal year $500
p36 feet Of reservation Pine timber
cut and banked there was sold at an
average OF &l.Is nsr thnnssn;.. There
were 90 camps in operation, and there
was ss - per ccntnge OF the waEuB
due the lahorcrs In the camps after
settlement On the diminished res
erva,ion, the special ageut gays, there
were 22,262,gO7 feet cut aud banked,
cold at s4.96 per thousand, and the
laborers were paid esq per cent. of
the amount due them ON settlement
lie states that the trouble was In the
management OF the camps, and In the
system itself.
BEATEN OUT OF THEIR PAY.
Owing to the inability of many OF
the camps 10 pay out, nnd MS, under
the rules, the laborcrs' claims were
the last "a be paid. scores OF Indiana
working there did not receive the
wages they expected. hence ncrious
complaint arose OF 50 camps in opcr.
alton the past fiscal year, many en-
ployed less than 10 per cent, Indian
labor. and very few had over 80 per
cent, the Indian labor average being
from is 20 &C per cont. The system
Of stores main,pined by ,k@ camps,
with their cXorbitant prices and cred
IL 20 reckless Indian buyers, is stated
to have caused great diraatisiactiou.
The bills presented TO the agent for
settlement by the various supply com
mittocs, who furnished the camps
with the necessary groceries, etc, dur
ing logging operations, were not, rs a
rule, properly itcmized. and while they
can not be said TO be cxorhitant, the
special agent says they are loosely
made out, with no apparent check on
purchases, and give abundant uppor-
tuni,y for fraud and collusion.'
CHIEF SOURCE OF COMPLAINT.
The chief source Of all the Indians
complaints WIS that the green timber
of the reservation was being ruthless
" cut down and destroyed under pre-
tense of being dead and down timber.
At five councils held with the Indians
from various portions of the rcscryu.
tions, Mr.. Jenkins says they. 10 a man.
yehemently protested against further
cutting of the so-cnlled dead down.
They are convinced, he says, that more
than one-half Of the timber cut AZ the
camps has been OF the best green and
growing pine, and that they are rCaliz.
ing little or nothing from Il. On many
OF the tracts Of the diminished rcacr-
walton ths agent says he found these
complaints well founded, and that cyi-
dences Of the clean cutting Of every
thing merchnntable were abundant
everywhere. or 1900 or 1000 logs he
found cut and skiddcd ON several
tracts, he says fully 90 per cent were
green trees,
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Louis Fielin, aged is, waE found, fs-
tally wounded. n2ar Mansfield. While
he WAS climbing q fence his gun was
discharged, and the load entered his
abdomen.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22
THE INDIANS MISSILES.

"!he fniians, however" ne conclud.
ed, ''arr desirons of having the timber
operations resumed on the banis OF
common sense aud common honesty.
They favor the selling outright Of all
this pine timber of not less thnn two
dollars per thousand for Norway and
three dollars for white, ms IL stands. or
the putting In Of mills by the govern.
ment under the Mcnomince plan.
Either, | think would result atis-
factorily."
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

London, Dec. 2o.-- News has been re-
eeived here Of the death, sf Firrcnee.
Italy. Of Francis Napier. tenth baron
Napier and fsttrieh. the former ansbas-
sador who was nsinister 10 the Unitec
States from Crest Britain In 1887. He
wHs hxasn ia 1919.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Havaua. Dec a0.--A terrible exric.
sion shook the little steamer Pa
nita Of the Plant line, short-
y after midnight Sunday. when the
steam pipes In the boiler room blew
ont. killing Engincar ticer and NOR
tally wnunding three others. The Fa-
nita WIS ss anrhnr ready 10 20 cot.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

The SctlHlia board OF education has
refunded $4,000 Of G per cent bonds
for 2O-year straight 6A per cent bonds.
The purchasers paid par and gave a
premium of s2,s0O.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Rev. Maieolfa MaeGregor. of Nash
willie. Tenn. has elaa..a a e....ss@fni
protracted meeting at the baptist
church In Marshall.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Madrid, dec. 2D.--1he general cnru-
nandiux ths northern army hrs pro-
claimed ihe clpxnfs. from Tprs6ay. a
Al siae raxlist eluhs snd nocfetien Il
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Londnrt, dec. 2n.---The Midland aaii-
way Co. has ordered 70 freight en-
xirzn In philadeiphia and Kew York
A . consequence At the engineers
atsiks, ti< Enelish FIRMS srr sstly abs
- epus with AxTsass = work.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Emme.. Hsss.a.=ih, aged 1s, while
walking ON SOME piiing at the water
works pumphonsc. ch;iiieothe. fell and
broke bis neck.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

The natives Indignantly deny thcsa
allegations and their newspapers re-
taliatc by printing horrible stories OF
the atrocities pructiccd by the Span.
inrds before the surrender ~ Manila,
ono Of them even publishing the an.
dnyits Of the victims.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

@~ @t~~s sN VI NV VSR tsstus
Cleveland. o.. Dee. 1o.--The MaCowzn
case was practically decided in favor
Of the Mae;owans yesterday sfsernosz.
After tho attorneys hsd argued the
demurrer, Judge Dissette said:
-IIndsr the statutes Of Ohio parcns
can not BE- convicted IT stealing his. or
her, own child.-
Ths Judge sisc aaid that > parnt.
unles2 decided by a competent enaYt
10 ~ unflt. has always right to taies
pusseonlcn u his ar her cAlia. wkerr*ss
u unay ~ 1ound.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

TAs sxsM@na Of shs rnsxS are always eSss
ss sAs people sf tAs eoanty " sxprsss tssli
ssinioas on sli pdslis Sasssleha ef issai szsS
portAneN
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Washingtcn. Dc. aO.-A Senator Hrn-
n insroduced N the senate rud Reprs.
sentative Payne In the house 4 bin -
grant Subsidies for Anrricsn Sass.
ring.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22
CHARGES AGAINST FrLrPIEos.
naYbaraus rrsatnlsn, Of spanish Prisoners
Alleged and Denied Had Weather
Affects Health of Troops.

Mnniln. +. l., Nov. r., yln san Fran
cisco. Dec. e0..-The claims so strcnu-
ously made by the natives that they
are a highly-ciYllizcd race, Is not borne
out 10y facts, according to Spanish ref
uFcrs from the north who have just
reached here. They say that after the
surrender % the town of Aparri the In
surgcnts formed a parade, the central
feature OF which was Spanish lieu-
tgunut. who wis carried along the
streets suspended from a bamboo pole,
10 which his hands and feet were tied,
just as hogs are carried here by cool
trg
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22
EXPANSION IS THE Word.
Hon. David J. HUI, Assistant Secre-
tary of State, Addressed the
Baptist Social Union.
MOST IMPORTANT YEAR OF THE CENTURY.

"EHpaBslon OF Civilization VISA MS Theme
Civilization Mast GO On. Iio said, Uaiii
There Ia Not Que Province, one Island,
Oas Individual tpon which Its iIsnigu
Innacaco Doss Not TALL.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

James berry was arrsssea ~ assIal3n,
= few days ago. ON cparRc Of mattno
end passing counterfeit naoney -o1elsp
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22
PROPOSED RUSSIAN LOAN.
A Proposition 20 Place Large Loaa
Among American Fi5Aneisrs An
aOupoed Ia NJ. Pstersbark.

St. Petersburg, Dee. a0.--An Official
ogrncy herr Issues the following au-
nouncement:
The United States charge d'affaircS,
II. IA. ID. Pierce. has communicated TO
the ministry Of finance proposal by
Mr.. Wins. the representative Of
group OF 6nnnciers, 10 make large
loan TO Russin. The decision Of ". Dr
wittc, the finance minister, is not
known"
The Proposition Considered by ssu York
Bankers AHd Declined.
New York. Dec. eO.-lnformation
concerning the Russian loan sought to
be- placed In this country waH given
out yesterday by J a ". scIigman g.
Co. This FIRMS London representa-.
lives cabled to the New York house
asking whether or not they could
place $1,000. 900 four.pcr-crnt. 3O-ycar
Russian railway bonds. guaranteed 10y
the Russian government. The matter
was considered and decided In the neg
Htiyc.
Isaac ~ seligman said yesterday:
Russian government four-pcr-ccnt,
bonds are selling IN this market at be-
tween roe and iog. The bonds of the
Russian government arr generally
taken In this country Ia exchange for
concessions by that government. For
instance, the life insurance companies
of this city probably own Ss,O0o.oO0 to
s. 600. .D00. which thry have purchased
from the Russian government, aud
hold IN FJiTSuaHss 80 csH;Ta.; with
the Russiun government permitting
them to transact life insurance l,ssi,
ness In Russia.
We made a careful inquiry among
bankers Ia this city and although we
found some bankers pr-r"red {" tak"
an interest in the proposed loan, at the
same time we did not find sufficient
interest taken 10y others, we dropped
the business,
I'VE do not think the present mo-
mrnt Is opportunc for selling Russian
bonds In this country II The fa,uru.
Bile balance of trade continues, how.
ever, II Is not improbable that within
year or two, thtsr bonds can hc
placed ndyun,ngcously Ia our market"
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

The Official Invitation to the states
Of the Louisiana purchase TO partici-
pate IN p conference Ia ~, I-5a;= Jan
uary 10 next to determine the place
and character oi commemorative
Observance Of the centennial annlver-
Eary Of the purchase Of the Louisiana
territory from France, has been is-
sued by Gov. i>na y. stephens. The
invitation Is extended with the Hs-
surance that the well.known hospital
lty OF the Mound City will be accorded
those who may be appointed TO repre-
sent the various states which are to
participate In the conference. Tho
governor makes the point that The
conference should be held on january
10. ns my later date mi yht Interfere
with plans TO secure the iudorsrment
Of the general government at this scs-
sion oi congress.
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22
MISSOURI STATE NEWS.


The twentieth annual report of the
bureau of labor Of Missouri contains
he following resume Of Miasouri's
agricultural productions:
Tho total Yield OF corn IN the United
states Tor 1851 la given as i.s91, s5i, 20 BUSH
fla, an average ~ GS bushels an acre.
Atnnnur ls credited with Gfi2 81 acres.
which yielded i7l.H1 ~ bushels an aver
axe ot = bushels an acre, Tho arsfnKs
Ealue ot The crop. gli sTi. lia Our average
y bushels.
huhhcln nu average ~ iaA bushels an
acre Missouri nrd .5giieg acres of wheat.
witch yielded II, 100 h4 bGHhcis, an aver
haa Of bunholA The average selling
price was ccuta, and the aggregate
Ehret gn acre Tor the Faat 10 years was
In lsg7 The United states produced sgs
- ncre bting g72 bushels. Missouri had
LUn ~ acres, which yielded agTs, isa
bushels. worth fiiaLH2 Our average
Yield was = bushels, and average aeillng
10 years waH - bushpln
l.gHt Years total production of rye was
.@.Asit bushels, On average ~ Is bushels
90 s. buancis, worth e.. lSg The average
lleid ~ acre was y bushels. and the sell.
nE Dslt" WAS a. cents.
or burkpheat Missouri had gsfg acres.
which yielded 3ae'g bushels. an average
OF Is bushels an acre. The average asil-
lnT price was O. Crutu. and thr aggregate
value ~ ii
l.ast ycur Missouri had 9I,iI7 acres %
potatoes. which yi-iie4 : ~. - .;issi;;s
1hc .gyofaEe selling price was g cents.
ana the total value g. ss1G2 our average
yield an acre for the past 70 years was a
brshcl1t kUpanH, 90. Michigan. y. and
iuGA. -
MiHElurs total HcrcaRe OF has In issT
Was 2tlAlH, the yield from which was
lca31i tons, valued az si5, CO. 10. an aver
lgc Of fit
The Farmington times. [volume] (Farmington, Mo.) 1874-1902, 1898-12-22

Washington, Dec. iS.-"Expansion
OF civilization was the topic Of the
address Of Hon. David j. llill, assist
nut secretary OF state, Friday night,
At the annual hunqurt OF the Baptist
Social union.
EXPANSION THE WORD.
This year" said Mr.. llill, "is one
Of the most important Of the century,
To some this period appears the be,
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-05-27


all times OF the day clustering about
him, He has found many interesting
relics. but turns them all over 10 the
government, m n sij
n The boys are much better pleased with
This camp than Camp Lee. but up to the
present time they have not been able
70 secure wheeling paper, and nre
watching the mails daliygfor them. n
James Sweeney. OF Company N, has
been detailed as quartermaster In the
place OF ouartermaster salter, who has
been detailed as regimental quarter
master. The boys say Jim knows when
q man 10 hungry. n ifTl
k All members OF Company NJ who hive
not recently been vacclnaied were vac
clnated by the hospital corps this even-
Ing +, N n
Friends OF the boys In the north who
wish TO remember them by sending
boxes. would be econom!z!ng much by
sending money with Instructions rs to
what to buy. for the express charge on
n box Is usually two or three times
greater than the cost OF the contents
IL Private Savage shook good sized
lizard out OF his pants the other morn
Ing while dressing, n. a m Z,
Uniforms were issued to part OF the
company yesterday, and a fruit peddier
did land office business for while
trading ice cream, candies and bananas
for the cast of clothing. The rest Of
the company viii probably be fitted In
uniform this week. We are TO get q
brown fatigue uniform in addition TO
the, blue one. IA AL ~ PSI
The chaplain preached his Arst ser
mon to the regiment Sunday morning.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-05-27
MARTINS FERRY BRIEFS.

The young gentlemen who were enter
tained by the Thimble Bee some time
ago, will return compliments by enter
tanning them at Wheeling Park next
Wednesday.
William Myers, while at work at the
Aetna-Standard yesterday, received a
bad cut on the neck which required sew
eral Stitches to close the wound.
II Walter Duff fell from a twelve foot
ladder while painting B. F. Brady's resi-
dence on Fifth street yesterday, and
was considerably bruised.
A team hitched to one of Koehnline's
dee wagons ran off on Fourth street.
yesterday, but were stopped before any
damage was done.
:. The prospects for the Martins Ferry
Volunteers to set out under President
Nlcklnley's second call for 5000 men,
are very bright
The Aetna-Standard bar mill started
Yesterday, running single turn on ac-
count OF shortage Of men.
Davis and Seeming's dancing plat
form on West jefferson, will be opened
next Saturday evening. ~
Henry Gaudlng returned last evening
from a business trip through the eastern
part of the state.
Miss. Lottie Wilson, OF Toledo, is visit
Ing her sister. Mrs. L. Fehrenbach on
Fifth street. Is = 4 =
Donald Drennen has returned from a
WISH with friends at Grandview, O.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-05-27
VOLUNTEERS IN EASTERN ONO
COMPANIES TO BE FORMED IN
sTEuBENvILLE. cADIz. 4 MAR.
TINS FERRY, BRIDGEPORT AND
OTHER TOWNS IN THE SIX
TENTH DrsrRIcT-THE Or
3 GAMER AND PROSPECTIVE
y COLONEL IS GEORGE W. NC
COOK, WHO COMES FROM "a
FAMILY OF NOTED FIGHTERS.

4 The Fighting McCooks" who led SOL
3diers from eastern Ohio In the Civil
war. ore to be represented in the pres
ont war by George w. Mccook. son OF
the late Colonel George W. Mccook. OF
the One Hundred and Flfty-seyenth
Ohio Volunteer Infantry. who also
fought In tho war with Mexico. Mr..
Mccook has decided to enlist a regi-
.ment In the sixteenth congressional dis
trlct, and when itIs organized In a few
days, viii offer its services to Uncle
Sam. Or. Mccook is man Of high In
ltegrity in business affairs. He is pos
3eessed of much executive ability, Is q
leader, OF men. aud his courage is OF the
right sort, All other traits OF his char
ncter are In keeping.
SAs soon as 1t was known that he In
tended raislng a regiment, dozens be-
gan 10 make application to Join COM
panies that will be formed for his regi-
meat and an impetus was given the
S,ar spirit In eastern Ohio. .al
City Solicitor H. B.. Thompson, o.
Steubenvllle, Is raising company for
this regiment and Captain ]. L. Selah
has started to recruit another, both Of
Steubenville. (.
~ Ernest Smith and company, OF Mar
itln's Ferry, Will be asked 10 join.
Either George c. Mckee or ca- Repre-
tentative ]. c. Heinlein will raise q
company at Bridgeport. g
y II. H.. Smith, at Toronto. and Ralph
Cunningham at Cadiz will raise COM
paules. 4 p
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-05-27
WHOLESALE oRocyRlss
'A,wsll Attended IlIsslins-rhs New om-

: 80 ~
GERS L seted.
Special Dispatch to the 1ntelllscneer.
HUNTINGTON w. Va. May ?6.-Thei
fourth annual meeting OF the assoela-
ltlon OF wholesale grocers has been In
session here to-day. The attendance Is
quite large, almost every Wholesale
house In tho state OF any magnitude be-
Ing represented Clafksburg 10 repre-
scented by John Ruhl, OF the hrrn Of
.Ruhl, Koblegard G. Co.; Parkarsbura by
G., c. Martin. OF c. c. Martin & Co;
j. NJ. Jackson. of Shnttauck & jackson.
Charleston By. RIG. Hubbard. OF Lew
is. Hubbard s Co: Wheeling by James
cumnlns, Henry Baer and John Water
house. is.s & D
The officers elected FOR the next year
are as follows: llHlS.s5
G., G. Martin, Parkersburs, president:
Myron Hubbard, Wheeling, Vice psesi.
dent; James Cummlns. OF Wheeling,
secretary; ]. B. Stevenson, Huntington,
treasurer; directors, j. d. Stevenson, C.
G, Martin, II. G. Hubbard. II, Baer.
John Ruhl. j. N. Jackson, John Water
house, fN4-l5 "a II
y Executive committee, Joseph Speidel.
James Nell, and ]. P, Maxwell, all OF
Wheeling. ita
The next meeting will be held at
parkersbusg. Tonight an elegant
tanquet was served at tho Hotel Adel-
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-05-27
BENWOOD.
Ereezy News Items Gathered TN tho Busy
Marshall County Town,

Ereezy News Items Gathered In tho Busy
Marshall County Town.
While no effort in that direction may
be made for some time yet, there will
be made the. effort, nevertheless, to d.
tvorcc the duties oftax collector and city
sergeant. The agitation for this end is
not new, and It has received cordial en-
dorsement, for It Is agreed that one man
who was confined to the office of tax
collections, could do better than the
man who has to do that work and also
be the head OF the police force, and
often the duties of one conflict with the
other. 1t has been suggested that the
duties of tax collector be combined with
those OF the assessor, a union which
would be more in harmony. Like his
predecessor, Marshal Furbee finds the
way of the tax collector not strewn with
roses, and says he would be willing to
lose part Of his salary II the tax colec-
tons We're taken of his shoulders.
The lower plate mill goes on next
Wednesday or Thursday and the intel
llgence Will be pleasing to the employees
after their long idleness. The puddlers
get on Monday.
The injured structural iron worker
was removed from his boarding house
TO the Emergency hospital. He is ex-
pected to be out within q week or two.
Little Rena Beck, who was run over
by an engine at the Riverside, is doing
as well as could be expected, and good
hopes are entertained for. her recovery.
City Recorder Joe Ward gave an
enjoyable stag party at his home last
night to the Ice Cream fishing club, and
all present spent delightful evening.
I Captain Paul Riedel and family spent
yesterday at the fishing camp at Mar
tins Landing.
r Mrs Altmeyer and daughter. Miss
Ella, are again in charge Of the Emer-
Gency hospital.
D. W. Barger. Of Sand Hill, is visit
Ing his brother. ]. P. Barser, the Main
street jeweler.
Miss Matte Carpenter is home from
Moundsville. a
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-05-27
"aopKIN or wHEgI1Na.n

Tho Dlsgusting courso of tho Register,
Critieised In UnsparinE Terms. Y,
To tho Editor Of the IntellIgencer. Il
SIR:-The spirit OF Godkln IS not con-
fined to the metropolis Of New York. 1t
Is omnipresent; and pervades the pro-
vlnclal domain of Ohio county. even into
the mind OF the editor Of u certain Mar.
ket street journal. It IS nauseaslng to
read the criticisms of the war adminis-
tration INDUCED On by editors 60 wise in
their own conceits as to- presume to
question the wisdom, Intelligence, and
experience OF the members Of the board
OF strategy established and appointed by
the President for the conduct OF the war
with Spain, BY comparison with whom
these editors are but moral and intel
lectual slush. Mostly. they belong to
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1898-05-27
dents OF the United States. %"In Tune"
by Myrtle v. DeYault,. did her subject

dents of the United States. S'In Tune"
by Myrtle v. Devault, did her subject
justice. The vocal solo by Iva NJ. Mis-
kell then followed, In which she showed
that her school training in this line had
not been neglected. Margaret c.. Smith
reviewed Quo Vadis." the popular book
OF the day, in quite a mastery manner,
"Emblems, by Myrtle NJ. Thompson,
was quite an interesting paper. The
Rotations Foreign Views Of the Statue
of Liberty" by Lucille M. Coss and
a"Zingarella," by Eleanor X. Mitchell,
were credit to the performers as well
as to the school, and were received by
the audience by applause that showed
its appreciation Of their evident talent.
= The Corner of Fourth and Hanover
by Bessie E.. Cow, was one Of the very
best papers of the evening. Among
other things she said that instead Of the
sweet girl graduate being called upon to
settle all questions OF importance to the
country. church or in social life 1t was
done by the loafers on the corner Of
Fourth and Hanover streets.
After a selection of music and few
appropriate remarks by Superintendent
Stewart, diplomas were presented by
George W.. Tweedy. president OF the
board of education, and was followed by
the benediction by Rev. S. ]. Boyle.