The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1898-05-21
RAILWAY MANAGEMENT.
Address of Hon. M. E. ingalls, to the
Commissioners Convention.
Questions Pertoinin to the Conduct
OF Railways which Are of
Inherent to the General
Public.

L
ington, ID. c., on Tuesday, May 10, for the
purpose of considering questions of
great interest both TO the railways and
the people OF the United States. The
convention was addressed by Hon. NJ.
+. ingalls,, a high authority in railway
matters, upon the establishment of
proper tratiics, conduct Of shippers and
the betterment of existing conditions
In railway affairs, also the advance
ment of measures looking TO the great
err comfort and convenience of the pub
lie. Mr.. Ingalls, address is here given
as being a semi-ofiicial expression Of
the views held by railway managers
generally, and as being also Of gen
eral interest to the public at large:
"Mr. Chairman and Gentiemen: am
very much obliged for this opportunity OF
addressing you. l understand have In my
audience the members OF the interstate
commerce commission and the gentlemen
composing the various railway commits
sions OF the different states. 1t Is body
that Is supposed to stand as an arbiter be-
tween the railroads and the people, as q
friend of both: a body that ought to and
does have great influence, and especially
In reference to legislation regarding rail-
roads. If this audience should agree upon
any iegislatlonSinJ that respect that was
needed, l presume there would be no diff
| hculty in inducing ycnder congress to
enact 1t into law. and believing as do
that 1t is essential to the public interest to
secure legislation, l am pleased to have
this opportunity Of presenting my Views
| and endeavoring to enlist you in the re-
! forms which think are so vital We have
reached a crisis in railway management
where something must be done II We would
| avoid disaster. not alone to the railways.
but to the material interests of our country,
For 80 years a contest has been waged
In legislatures, In congress and before the
| courts, by the people on one side who be-
leved that railways were public corpora
| lions and subject to control by the power
that created them; and, on the other hand.
by officials of the railways, who did not
! believe such control was legal or prac-
ticable. State after state asserted its right.
These rights were contested from one court
! to another, and decided from time to time
always in favor of the people, under GER
| tain restrictions. 1t finally eliminated in
1887 In the enactment OF the interstate COM
merce law, and since then there has been
| hardly day when some provision of that
law was not under consideration by the
| courts or by congress, until now we may
! state II is as fairly settled by the high
est courts in the land that the legislatures
of the states have control over railways
| with reference to their local business, sub
ject to certain conditions, and that the
| congress of the United States has the
power to regulate Interstate business. The
! supreme court OF the United States, which
Is the highest arbiter of these differ
| ences, has just decided that such control of
the states. or regulation, must be reason
able, and that rates cannot be reduced be-
low point where the railroads can earn
their expenses and fair return upon their
cost.
Railway managers had accepted the sit
uation and were endeavoring to obey the
Interstate commerce law and adapt theil
management to it when in March. 1897, a dc.
cision was rendered by the supreme cour
which produced chaos and destroyed al
agreements, 1t was practically that the
sherman antitrust law, so-called, which
1t had not been supposed applied to rail
ways, did apply to them, and under the
construction of that law by the court |
was practically impossible to make any
agreements or arrangements for the main
tenance of tariffs. In the case brought
against the Joint Traffic association IN
New York, this view has been combatte
by the railways and 1t may be modified by
the courts. But since that decision In
March, 1897. there has been practically a
state of anarchy so far as the maintenance
of tariffs is concerned In large part of this
country.
1T Is well, perhaps, that we should look
the situation fairly In the face, and while
do not care to be an alarmist feel bound
to describe plainly to you the condition to-
day, so that you may understand the ne
cessity for action. Never in the history OF
| railways have tariffs been so little re-
spected as to-day. Private arrangements
and UNDERSTANDINGS are more plentiful
than regular rates. The larger shippers.
the irresponsible shippers. are obtaining
advantages which must sooner or later
! prove the ruin of the smaller and more
conservative traders, and in the end will
break up many of the commercial houses
In this country and ruin the railways. A
madness seems to have seized upon some
railway managers, and large portion of
| the freights of the country Is being carried
at prices far below cost. Other than the
maintenance of tariffs the condition of the
railways is good: their physical condition
has been improved: their trains are well
managed, and the public Is we'll served. II
q way can be found by which tariffs can
be maintained and the practice of secret
rebates and private contracts discontinued
the future will have great promise for rail-
way investors railway employees and the
public generally. And here I wish to say
that this is not a question which concerns
railway investors alone. If 1t was, you
might say let them fight 1t out 1t con.
Germs over and above everyone else, the
great public. One-ffth of our people are
Interested directly in railways, either as
employees or employees of manufacto ries
that are engaged In furnishing supplies tc
the railways. Can any body polite prosper
IL one-fifth OF its number Is engaged In q
business that is losing money? The rail-
atheir prosperity is closely interviewer with
the prosperity and the comfort of the
ordinary people. One thousand millions OF
dollars were paid out last year by the rail
ways from their earnings to employees o.
manufactures in this country: 81, 900 Of
passengers were carried; 1900 million.
were carried one mile 765, 900, 900 of tons o
freight were moved 81, 600 millions of ton:
were moved one mile. DO you think thai
any interest performing such immense
service as this can be in difficulty and tn,
balance of the country not feel it? Forty
millions of dollars were paid out for pub
lie taxes. Over three thousand millions o
dollars that have been invested In railway.
have earned no dividend for years. Thu
Is not water as some popuist orator will
say. but good. honest money These Sc
curities are he'd all through the land, ant
their failure to pay any return has brough
disgrace upon us abroad and suffering anC
want in many a family and community a
home. A slight Improvement In the rate
which would be scarcely felt, would MAXI
this investment good. One mill per ton pc
mile, or tenth OF a cent, additional, las
year would have made $4,000 Increase II
net revenue, and this would have paid three
per cent. upon this Invested capital.
These are the material sides OF the ques
tion. There Is a much more dangerous
view, and that Is the Generalization OF th'
men conducting these immense enterprise
and the want OF respect for the law which
Is being developed by the present situation
The trouble Is not due altogether to tn