Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-07-03

TRIALS wrr,l wrRrtEss s,Azr
GRApnY PROVED srccEssrUzs i
FIRST PHOTOGRAPH or IPslRllu
How Professors sasconi Mas E1A4bso
Messages from station to stad&r
by Means solely Of vsss>tiss =
the AIR. IN:


tNIlkttu lSI VIC Dl1k0t~tk%{
Several months ago Socialists wsrs 49,
tonished TO hear Of tho invention Of =
system Of teiegraphing In which wires
were dispensed with. TO most people 70
sounded too Incredible to be accepted So
riously, and as the experiments had nos
at that time reached stage whers
doubters could be made to sea and believes
the matter was temporarily torgstten-
The experiments have gonc on quietly
however, and now any one who wishes "a
travel to Bournemouth, In England. can
see the wireless telegraph system In as
tual operation at the experimental stAs
ton established there by Professor Mare
conf.
The principle Of telegrsphing across
space without the aid OF intervening
wires finds an apt illustration IN tho re-
sponsive action OF two tuning forks. If
we place couple OF tuning forks. which
arc tuned to exactly the same note,
short distance from ono another. ana
then by drawing q Violin bow. or by
striking one OK them, cause 1t to sound o
note--whlch Is another way OF saying
that We cause 1t TO emit sound--thc Sc
cond tuning fork will catch up these VIZ
bratlons and begin itself to vibrate SYM
pathetically. 1t will give evidences. Of tn
vibration by echoins the sound OF the
first tuning fork. Within certain limits,
and with slight differences In practice.
this is the way In which electric wuyea
by being sent by one electric instrument
and being received on another transmit
first vibrations and thence rnessagea
through space
This was method OF signalling which
was known and Sxperimented with by
Professor Nikola Tesla. OF New York;
by Professor Oliver Lodge. In England:
by DR.. Swaby, In Berlin, and by DR..
BROWNIES. In France. befolv Professor
Marconi-who. up to a recent period. used
Brownlees coherer to aid him In get
ting distinctness OF inessages-was heard
of.
professor Marconi, however, claims to
nave been more successful in the practi-
cal transmission OF messages than anv
or his foSSSunners. One OF the creat
In sending messages Is. of
course, the difficulty OF getting instru-
ments sufficiently sensitive to record tha
Hertzian waves when they are sent. IL
the two tuning-forks, which have been
suggested as an illustration OF electrical
methods, were placed half a mile apart.
the instruments which would detect SYM
pathetic vibrations In the receiving
tuning-fork would have TO be extremelv
sensitive. and some difficulty would bs
round In distinguishing sympathetic vi
brations from those due to extraneous
causes.
so II Is with the electric tunlng-forls
Hertzian electric waves, liks light waves
Or sound waves, do not run In narallal
ines straight from the starting point:
lhey radiate in all directions llko frar.
ments OF bursting shell. Professor
NiKola Tesla. therefore, Suggested some
sears ago that an electric scresn. should
be added 10 the apparatus OF the reoeiv.
Ing station I'm order TO catch as ananv
u the waves as possible. This sugeest-
on Professor Masconi has adopted ana
adapted.
In the case OF the instrument az
Bournemouth, he has supplemented the
'eceiyers by the addition of a mast 100
eet hieh, and from a ring near The top.
narrow strip OF wire netting runs to the
scelVing instrument and acts as a COL
ector or the vibrations from Alum Bay.
where the second station is located.
SO satisfactory have been the exper;-
nents conducted by Professor Marconf
nat he 10 about TO extend the distance
'etween the stations. carrying the second
me to Cherbourg. sixty miles away. The
experiments are at present IN very
Elementary stage II has been found that
he sound waves travel much faster and
letter In foggy. rainy. or windy weather.
han when the air is clear and the we.t-
her fine and still. As the clever man
Who can telegraph without wires cannot
make weather 10 order, II is necessary
o overcome the atmospheric conditions
hat Influence the system. and Professor
larconi is bending nil his energies 70
ring this about Broadly speaking. the
uccess OF the experiments is assuf.d.
lasmuch as messages are sent and clear
Y Interpreted without the aid OF wires.
'hough much remains to be done, wire
ass telegraphy will surely be I'm general
sc before long. and people who marvel
{ the idea OF sending messages between
points without Inter-
ening wires will then look upon II as
natter OF course az they now do the
sleohone.