New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-05-30

Acknowledgement Of the Army, ana were PuD
| ushed at the direction OF President Lihcoin
| after being formally revised by ooaro Oh VI
| dcers OF which Major-Ge f. A Hitchcoch
was president They were adopted py DUN
France and Prussia in the war between 'hoSe
countries five years after the civil contest mere
and were the basis upon when eehelai Hu
ropean conference afterward acted IN drawing
I'D an agreement on this subject. Inc instruc
tons make twenty four pages OF print ana cover
almost every conceivable feature OF military
conduct and usage in time OF war; and denni-
ton OF many OF the terms used. They embrace
ten sections. as follows:
section / Martial law: military Jurisdiction: mill
tarv necessity; retaliation
Sc 2 Public and private property OF the enemy
protection of persons ana esreelay OF Women
crimes against the Inhabitants Of hostile countries
Sec 3. Deserters;, prisoners of war; hostases'
Sec T. Partsans; armed enemies not belonging 20
tho hostile army scouts; armed pro"iers' Will
sec. 5 Safe conduct spies; war traitors; captured
mess .ngers: abuse or the flag OF truce
See G. Exchange OF prisoners; flags OF truce hagS
See T. The parole.
Sec 8. Armistice; capitulation.
Sec. .. ASA ssination 49,
Sec 10. Instruction; civil war; rebellion
Martial law is explained as simply military
authority exercised in accordance with the laws
and usages OF war. A place, district or country
occupied by an enemy stands. in consequence
OF the occupation under the martial law or the
invading or occupying army. 1t extends to prop
erty and persons, whether they are subjects or
the enemy aliens TO that government. When-
ever feasible martial law is carried out In cases
Of individual offenders by military courts, out
sentence Of death shall be executed only Win
the approval of the Chief Executive provided
the urgency II the case does not require
speedier execution, and then only with the APP
prevail OF the chief commander. Martial law
should be less stringent in places in countries
fully occupied and fairly conquered.
Military necessity admits OF all direct destruc-
ton Of life or limb OF armed" enemies. and of
other persons whose destruction is incidentally
unavoidable in the armed contests Of the war
Military necessity does not admit OF cruelty
that is the inhiction OF suffering for the sake
Of suffering or for revenge, nor OF manning or
woundlng except in fight nor Of torture 10 extort
confessions. 1t admits of deception. but as
claims acts OF perfdy. 1t is lawful to starve the
hostile belligereats armed or unarmed. so that
It leads to the speedier subsection OF the enemy
When a commander OF besieged place expels
the non-comba; ants. in order to lessen the mum
Der of those who consume his stock OF provi-
s!ons II is lawful though an extreme measure.
to drive them back. so as 10 hasten on the sur
render Commanders. whenever admissible. in
form the enemy OF their intention 10 lombard
a place. but IT is no infraction Of the coBmon
law Of war 20 omit thus 10 inform them. sur
prise may be necessity
Retaliation viii never be resorted 10 as a
measure OF mere revenge but only as means
OF protective retribution: and. moreover. eau
tiOusly and univoidably; that Is TO say. retalia-
ton shall be resOrted TO only after careful In
Quiry into the real occurrence and the character
Of the misdeeds that may demand retriouton
The more vigorously war is pursued the Better
II IS for humanity. Sharp wars arc brief.
a victorious army appropriates all public
money sezes all public movable property until
further directed by its government. and seques-
tors for it's own benefit that OF It's govern
mint all tho revenues Of real property belonging
10 the hostile government or nation. The title
to such real property remains In allegiance dur
ing military occupation and until the conquest
Is made complete The United states acknowl-
edges and protects. in hostile countries occupied
hv g. religion and morality. strictly private
property: the persons OF the inhabitants. espe-
ciaily those ~ women. and tho sacredness Of
domestic relations
Descrters from the American Army. having
entered the gervce ~ the enemy suffer death
II they IAN into the hands Of the United States.
II IS against The usage II modern war 70 resolve
in hatred and revenge 20 give no quarter out
rosts sentin-ls or pickets not to be fred
upon. except to drive them In or when n positive
order. special general. has been issued -
that effect Whoever intentionally infcts ad-
dit'onal wounds on an enemy already wholly
disabled or Kills him. or orders that this shall!
ho done. shall suffer death n convicted.