davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

When you order your new bicycle be
sure aud specify Victor tires. Any
dealer win furnish them. CLIFFORD
GREENMAN. Jobber OF Victor Tires
s. W. Cor. Seventh and King streets
Telephone, 752.
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

OFFICE 7TH AND KING. PHONE 545.
H. T. Sergeant, dealer in Coal an
Wood. Large Pea Coal for family use
Hickory Wood for open CRATES.
Evening journal., 1898-03-02
REVIVAL AMONG CoLoRED FOLK

Rev. o. ID. Robinson is conducting
successful revival meetings at Bethel
A. M. r. Church. He reports 125 con-
versions 50 far, and will continue the
meetings throughout the week. Bishop
A. Grant, d. d., viii preach tonight.
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

When your old tires are worn out re-
place them with Victor tires and you
will have very few, if any. punctures
CLIFFORD GREENMAN,
S. w. Cor. Seventh and King Sts
TelephOne. 1852
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

Some odd pairs lett Of the So shoes
for $3.50 and 81. Your size may be in
fhe lot
Evening journal., 1898-03-02
CRADYS
CIOSing-Out Sale
Still Continued.
Greater Bargains than ever
offered this week
MEMS SHOES.

IS pairs Heavy Dress Shoes,
Lace. French toe, former price
S2.oo, closing them out at
$I.5o.
Another lot of SO pairs Fine
Calf Skin, Goodyear Welt
Shoes, pointed toes, worth
$500, now $I.8o.
Fine Dress Shoe, globe toe,
tip, ST. so. worth So 90.
Fine Patent Leather Shoes,
coin toe, worth $500, now
going at SI.89
Government Shoes, $I.75,
regular price So. so.
Boys $I.2s Shoes now o8c.
Little Gents Fine Shoes,
patent leather tip, oSc, reg
ular price $L5o
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

Walker A. Wyckoff, the college man
who became a day-laborer begins his
new series, "The WOrkers-The West -
in Scribner's for March. Chicago, fill
ed with am n"army of theunemployed, is
To be The subject of the bulk of this Sc
ries. Each part swafms vita new
characters. new experiences, and a va
riety Of incident, of which the first
part of "The Workers" gave no hint. 1t
Is dramatic and pathetic-and absolute
ly true. w. r. Leigh, the illustrator
whose reputation has been made in
Scribner's. has been spending the Fall
andWinter in Chicago making sketches
from the real scenes to illustrate the
new series of "The Workers." which
begins in March. The first instalmeni
Will show the interior Of dives, station
houses, poor-men's reading-rOOms, etc.
in Chicago.
Evening journal., 1898-03-02
MISSES.

Heavy School Shoes, worth
SI.25 and 81 SO, closing out
at o8c.
Fine Lace Shoes, $I.I5,
regular price SI5o.
Evening journal., 1898-03-02
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

: BUTTER, EGGS AND POULTRY.
Mccarthy, VIM. H., Third st. market
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

CHINA AND GLASSWARE.
Lawton, William, Gil Market street
Row, l. Lewis, 413 King street.
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

N. E. Cor. 9rd and King.
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

BICYCLES.
Hartlove, W. H., cor. Srd and French
Evening journal., 1898-03-02

DRUGGISTS.
Danforth, N. B., 124 Market street.
The times., 1898-06-12

of agricultural colleges by the Govern
ment, with sufficient annual appropria-
tons for the operations OF State ex-
pertinent stations, for educating farm
ers on the lines OF their teamwork, has
proven the most effective and liberal plan
ever adopted by any government for the
benefit of its people. Through these chan
nels of object Lessons farmers are be-
coming familiar with the character and
class of soil they cultivate as we'll as the
climates of their respective localities and
the adaptabiIity of plants and the differ
ent varieties of seeds best suited for their
soil, and the class of live stock that viii
thrive and produce the best financial re-
turns. The design of the department is
To give the widest circulation possible to
everything OF general interest 10 the
farmers. so that each State will receive
the benefits OF all good work accom-
pl.shed in the interest of agriculture. The
animal products of this country have be-
come an important factor in foreign mar
kets. through the method adopted by
Secretary Wilson to open up markets with
European countries for the surplus of our
meats and dairy products by making
those people familiar with the superiority
Of our goods. Secretary Wilson says:
The times., 1898-06-12

raising cattle, he became familiar With
their diseases. He saw the Importance of
establishing in the department a division
of veterinary surgery. Mr.. Fred Watts
of Pennsylvania was the next commits
sioner- In his first annual report, he rec
ommended that the number of reports
of the Commissioner of Agriculture be
reduced for public distribution. and that
the remainder be sold. He urged the cul
tivation Of the Ramio Plant on an exten
sive scale, which had already been un
dertaken in the South. From his reports
it seems that he devoted most of his time
to the investigation of the cranberry rot
in New Jersey. He urged the cultivation
of mushrooms and suggested that it
would be a profitable crop. His next sub
ject was to investigate the mildew on
grapes and yellows in peaches, and black
knots on plums.
The times., 1898-06-12

The first year. the commissioner says in
his report, 10000 packages of seeds
were distributed, and agricultural sta
ustics as gathered in the census. were
being prepared for publication. In 1872
the statistics were published with a sur
vey Of the crop conditions of the country,
and progress in agricultural sciences
were reviewed, and a special notice was
made OF the manufacture of sugar from
Indian corn, and the use of lard oil in
the place Of whale oil for lighting pur-
poses, and also that an enterpriSing firm
was seeking to make a contract with the
Government 10 supply the lighthouses on
the Great Lakes, with maize oil for iilum-
mating uses
IN 1919 the Department of the Interior
was created. and the Patent Office with
its agricultural work, became a part of
it, The collection of seeds and publica-
ton Of agricultural statistics and scien-
tiic articles. were under the direct super
vision OF the Commissioner of Patents up
% that date. In 1851 the work had be-
come so large and far-reaching among
the farmers of the country, who were
eager for information and new ideas that
special man of scientific attainments
was employed TO take charge of the agri-
cultural work of the department In
1861 the Commissioner of Patents in his
annual report, made an earnest and ex-
separate department of the Government
TO look specially after the agricultural
interests and productive arts of the coun-
try. In May. 1862 President Lincoln ap-
proved an act of Congress to establish
the United States Department of Agri-
culture. II was siNty-siX years from the
time this important subject in the inter-
est of American agriculture was brought
before Congress, by President Washing
ton, before the practical realizations Of
his hopes were made possible, to the
farmers of the country he had freed and
loved so we'll
While Congress was waiting and de-
laying action on this subject, United
States consuls and naval officers who
were abroad, were collecting in the old
world and sending back 10 the new Unit
ed States seeds and cuttings for new
crops and introducing improved breeds
of domestic animals. which were receiv-
ed with great favor by the Government
officials, but they were then, as now,
entirely helpless to make il a success
without the financial aid of Congress.
During WashingtonIs last Administra-
ton the United States consul at Tunis
sent TO the Secretary Of State the first
Barbary sheep ever brought to the
United STAGES. They were so highly priz-
( ed by the department that they were
J shipped on an armed United States YES
/ sell a pair of these sheep were pre-
! sented to the Philadelphia Agricultural
! Society, and from them the breed spread
throughout Pennsylvania and the ada
The times., 1898-06-12

E1Otl<ACE CAIttON, FRED GA. w ATS,
Comm'r of AgricuI- Comm'r of Agricul-
ture 1S6i-lST1. ture. f51-1S77.
poets of crops was commenced. In the
commissioners annual report of 1864, he
says: 'I would renew my suggestion
of last year, that if under the direction
of the Government, it is plainly that if
the state of the weather at different
points of the country could be communi-
Gated by telegraph so as TO be imme-
diately spread over the whole country.
important and beneficial results might
follow.
In his next report he called attention to
the sugar beet industry as 1t had been de-
veloped in France, Germany and Belgium,
and suggested its adaptabiiity to this
country as a new and profitable industry.
Hon. Horace Capron of Illinois succeed
ed Mr. Newton as commissioner in 1861
Mr.. Capron was a practical farmer and
had devoted much time and given special
attention to breeding Devon cattle. In
his first annual report he strongly advo-
Gated steam blowing ana beet sugar cul-
ture. He established the system of ex.
changes of seeds and plants with many
of the governments of Europe also with
Asia and South America. He brought to
the attention of Congress the possibility
of fish culture, which paved the way for
the present United States Fish Commits
sion. With his practical experience in
The times., 1898-06-12
U DEPARThiEsr AGRfCm

cent States. In 1910 the United States
consul at Lisbon. Portugal. took advant-
age OF Napoleons wars to secure thou
sands of fine merino sheep for this coun-
try. These ffocks of pure breed merinos
were owned exclusively by Spanish no
blemen, who would not, up to that time,
part with them. from the fact that they
had the monopoly of the finest grades
of merinO wool. 1t was only when Ma
poleon's army commenced to destroy
these fiocks that the Spaniards would
sell them 10 the Americans.
Early in the present century Chinese
and French hogs were introduced in
this country by aid of American officials
in those countries. During the admins
tration of President John Q. Adams, di-
rections were given by the State Depart
ment to all United States consuls TO for
ward rare plants and seeds to Washing
ton for public distribution. In 1926 Con-
gress authorized the publication of
manual by the Secretary of the Treas
ury containing the best practical infor-
nation that could be collected on the
growth and manufacture of silk. In 1923
a treatise on raising silk worms was
printed by Congress as a public docu-
ment for distribution among the people.
The times., 1898-06-12

ture. lSS9-1S93. ment, intended for
the farmers. in
their possession, and established the
division of records and editing He
published farmers bulletins and sent them
out to farmers in every section of the
United States. He required the language
used in the bulletin to be pla n and intel
ligible so that farmers might readily an
derstand what the department was doing
in their interest. Complaints were made
by foreign governments that American
meats came to their markets diseased.
Rigid restrictions were put upon the i'm
portation of cur meats. To remove this
obstruction to our trade in dressed meats.
Secretary Rusk obtained authority TO
make inspections of all meats so claimed
by our foreign friends to be diseased.
Soon after the inauguration of his syS-
tenn OF inspection. Germany withdrew her
prohibition against American pork
On September 20, 1892, Secretary Rusk
announced 10 the public that the herds of
American cattle were entirely free from
contagiou pleuro-pneumonia. In 1891 he
suggested that a bill be passed by Con-
gress placing the supervision of cattle
quarters on all vessels engaged in the i'm,
port and export of CATTLE under the con-
troll of the Secretary OF Agriculture. The
act was approved March g. 1891 The re-
suits of this law have proven satisfactory
to all interests. The Insurance on cattle
rates for export have been reduced from
IS to 81 per head. His experiments with
sugar beets were not successful, owing to
the lack of care by farmers in planting
the seed and cultivatng the beets and
harvesting the samples for ANALYSIS
The times., 1898-06-12

We can produce meats of a superior
quality for less price than any other na-
ton car put them on the market, owing
10 the cheapness of our grains and grass
es; and 1t will be the endsavOr OF the de-
partment TO help producers find markets
for all their surplus productions by
spreading information concerning them
and what foreign markets require.
The opportunities for new industries in
the United States is clearly shown by the
following figures which are taken from
reliable statistic reports. that this coun-
try paid last year $50. eco for sugar.
hides, fruits, wines animals. rice, hemp.
cheese. wheat, barley beans, eggs and
tea. and S6.O00.000 for chtcory. castor
beans. lavender. Iicorice. opium. schu-
mach. and s2.0O0.000 for bulbs. most all
of which could be grown in this country
for home consumption. The growing Of
these articles will in the future be en-
couraged by the department by the iD-
Continued ON Twelfth Page)
The times., 1898-06-12

The Department Of Agriculture Of the
National Government originated with
George Washington and was practically
advanced by DR. Benjamin Franklin
Soon after peace was established be-
tween the United States and Grea- Bri-
tain. strong friendship grew up between
pubIic-splrited Englishmen and Arueri-
cans. In 1893 the British board Of agri-
culture was established, and President
George Washington was made an honor
AIRY member Sir John Sinclair, a prom:-
nent member Of the board, wrote TO
Washington, suggesting that similar
board ought 10 form part Of the Ameri-
can Government The President was ID
vorabIe TO the suggestion. but answered
the letter In the following words:
EFT viii be some time, ! fear, before an
agricultural society with congressional
aid viii be established in this country
We must walk, as other countries have
done, before We can run. Smaller societies
must prepare the way for greater, but
with the lights before Us, ! hope We shall
not be 50 slow in maturation as other ma
tiOns have been
50 much was President Washington i'm
pressed with the idea OF organizing a
branch OF the Federal Government 70 ad-
vance the interest Of American farmers,
that in his last message 10 the Congress,
December, 1896, he said in part on this
subject:
In proportion as nations advance in
population. the cultivation OF the soil be-
comes more and more an object Of pub
lie patronage. Institutions grow up, sup
ported by the public purse. Among the
means which have been employed 10 this
end more have been attended with great
er success than the establishment Of
boards, composed Of public men charged
with collecting and didusing information;
and enabled by premiums and small pc
cuniary aid. to encourage and assist a
spirit OF discovery and Improvement. This
species Of establishment contributes dOu-
bly, 10 the increase Of improvements by
stimulating to enterprise and experiment,
and by drawing 10 a center the results OF
individual skill and observation, and
spreading them over the whole nation.
His message was favorably received by
Congress and the public generally. The
response of the Senate was as follows;
The necessity OF accelerating the es-
tablishments Of certain useful manufact-
ures by the Intervention Of legislative aid
and protection and the encouragement due
to the creation of boards to patronize the
primary pursuits Of society, are objects
which VIII readily engage our most seri-
Gus attention"
A-4S AAot--'N u - ~ yASs'N+Aheht-fN9 aSANAA ON
the subject Of the Presidents message, tC
a committee. which reported bill on Jan
uary Il. 17g7. recommending the creation
OF such a society as was indicated by tbs
President; one OF the provisions OF the
bill was that the society should meet an
nuaIly. and congressman, federal judges
the Secretary OF State War and Navy ant
the Attorney General. were 10 be ex-ofn
clio members. The bill was read twice
and taken uD for consideration but
discussion Of direct taxes brought abou
a conflict OF opinion between city and
country members; which was debated a
great length the friends of the bill wer
fearful Of defeat ana never allowed it 4
come TO vote.
The times., 1898-06-12

station. He organized several new divisions
and abolished the division for the pubic
distribution of seed. Mr.. Morton's ad>
ministration was stormy one from begin
ming to finish. His first unpleasantness
was with the National Grange and Pa
irons of Husbandry, a very strong body
organized in the interest of agriculture
His next conflict was with Congress
His official acts were criticised on the
floors of both branches of Congress by
senator's and members.
On March I, 1897, President Mckinley
appointed Hon. James Wilson. a practi-
cal farmer of Iowa. Secretary of Agricul-
ture. When Mr.. Wilson entered upon his
official duties, he first famliarized him
self with all the details and workings
of each division. with view of making
them useful to the farming interests of
the whole country. He arrived at the
conclusion that the department was ere
ated by Congress for the purpose OF aid
The times., 1898-06-12

ing farmers in obtaining better knowi-
edge of economic crop productions and to
intelligentIy meet the demands of home
and foreign markets of all products grown
and manufactured on American farms.
and that the department should form a
practical system by which the sciences
relating 10 agriculture should become as
familiar TO the farmer as his daily rOu-
tine life of toll. The liberal endowment
The times., 1898-06-12


ture. 1SS1-1SS5. of the use of ar
tesian wells, of the
diseases of domestic animals, and
of the agricultural condition of the
Pacific Coast The sorghum experiments
were brought to close with disappoint-
ing results as to the production of sugar
He commenced the distribution of sugar
beet seed on a large scale and the chemi-
cal division of the department, began a
series of analyses to determine the possi-
bilities of producing sugar from beet Dr.
Loring gave special attention to the dis
eases of domestic animals. Congress gave
him liberal appropriations for this impor-
tant work Through his efforts and the
aid of his friends. an act of Congress Gre
ating the Bureau of Animal Industry was
passed. carrying an appropriation of $f50,-
900 to continue the crusade against Texas
cattle fever and pluro-pneumonia Under
his administration the seediess orange
was propagated extensively in the hot
houses of the department. and young
plants were sent to California, Florida,
Louisiana and the other States where
these trees would grow. From this work,
The times., 1898-06-12

demic diseases of domestic animals
was kept up during his entire
term of office with much energy. He
also devoted considerable time and spent
much money in experimenting with sor-
ghum and sugar beets, with a view of Oh
tanning practical results as to the future
possibilities of both becoming important
factors in the production of sugar
He took up the investigation of tea cul-
ture in the South and leased a farm in
South Carolina for the purpose of expert
menting and propagating the tea plants
for general distribution
The times., 1898-06-12

of garden and field seeds which were dis
tributed to the farmers in various sec
tiOns of the country. There was a special
effort made at that time TO induce the
cultivation of cotton in the Northern
States. Fifteen thousand bushels Of cot
ton seed were distributed with view of
stimulating the farmers in the North to
make the attempt of raising cotton in
that section. In 1863 the publication of
monthly reports OF conditions and pros
The times., 1898-06-12

j. S. Morton. of
Nebraska. was ap-
pointed by President
Cleveland Secretary
of Agriculture in
March. 1893. to sue
ceed j. NJ. Rusk. who
was the true friend
of the farmers and
all industrial classes.
Mr.. Morton in his first
annual report call
ed attention to the
needs of a closer su-
pervision of the
C4aK r-~.I
The times., 1898-06-12

Comm'r of Agricul- yania. who was an ex-
ture. 1S62-1S6z perienced and intelli-
gent horticulturist
botanist, and pomologist, superintend-
ent of experimental gardens and grounds
Mr.. Saunders abundant experience in
such matters aided the commissioner very
materially in organizing the departmental
work. The first bulletin issued by the
commissioners was showing the objects
and aims of the experimental gardens.
In 1863 the commissioner imported several
hundred bushels of choice seed wheat,
corn, and rye, and other cereals, and
bought several thousand dollars worth
The times., 1898-06-12
President Harrison

President Harrison
appointed Hon. J.
N. Rusk, of Wiscon-
sin. Secretary of Ag-
riculture. Secretary
Rusk reorganized
the department and
divided the work into
two classes-the ex-
ecutive. under his i'm
mediate charge. and
the scientific, under
the Assistant Secre-
tary. Secretary Rusk
always placed the
information gather
The times., 1898-06-12

He was succeeded
by William G.. LIE Due
of Minnesota. Com
mission lie Due took
strong ground sagainst
the indiscriminate dis
tribution of common
seed among the peo-
pie. In his first report
he called the attention
of Congress to pleuro-
pneumonia among cat
tie, which had become
yyiIpSnrcaA ,ronnor Tho
The times., 1898-06-12

In 1881. DR.. George
3. Loring, of Massa-
chusetts. took charge
of the department
as commissioner,
having been appo Mt
ed by President Gar
field. He stated in his
report that he found
the work of the de-
partment as follows:
The investigation of
tea planting, of su-
gar making from sor-
UhIIrn nf irrsinro t;A~
The times., 1898-06-12

] he IITSI OOfHIIllS-
sioner of Agriculture
was Isaac Newton. of
Pennsylvania, who
had been chief of the
section of agriculture
in the Patent Office.
Soon after he entered
upon the duties as
Commissioner, he ap-
pointed Mr.. William
The times., 1898-06-12
THE TIMES, wAsH1NGro.st SUNDAY. JUNE r. 1898
Boys clothing at spe-
Cial prices.
Boys suits. &c.

A lot of boys fine wash suits of Ga
latea cloth. finished with plain colored
collars-and neatly trimmed with an
chor figures-will go today for 29c.
These suits are made well-and in
tended for wear as well as looks.
The times., 1898-06-12

question of reeling silk from the cucaoos
Al a cost lew enough TO permit cOmpeti-
ton with foreign cheap labor was taken
up. Reeling-roems were established az
New Orleans. Philadelphia and Piedmont.
Cal. He recommended the commercial
cultivation of medicinal plants in the
United States wherever climate and soil
were adapted 70 their growth. RE was
among the first ID call public attention 10
the agricultural possibilities Of Alaska. He
was thoroughly aroused TO the Importance
Cf eNterrniI-It-ng conta Sious diseases Of
domestic animals. In 1857 Congress gave
him an appropriation Of $50. .009 for that
purpose. With authority to pay FOR all
animals found necessary 70 be killed Over
100000 head we're inspected the first year
S.1S9 animals were killed and paid for as
The times., 1898-06-12
THE DEPARTMENT OF AGR|CULT LTURE
It's History the Different Commissioners and Sec
retaries Who Have Presided Over It.

George Washington It's Originator in 17o6Advanced by
BENJAMIN FranlinIts Organ zation-What It Has Ac-
compished for Agriculture Secretary Wilson
Finds New Markets in Foreign Countries
for American Farm Products
The times., 1898-06-12

Another attempt
was made in 1917,
but was also unsuc-
cessful. Mr.. Hubert,
on February q of
that year. as chair
man Of a special
committee. reported
a bill for the estab-
ment of a Board Of
Agriculture. 1t never
passed II was
forty-three years
after Washington's S
The times., 1898-06-12

subject before any appropriation was
made by that body TO aid the agricultural
interest Of this country. in 1883 the small
sum Of $1,000 was reluctantly appropriate
ed by Congress- for the purpose of buying
and distributing seeds and collecting sta
isties. The work TO be done under the
direction of the Commissioner of Patents.
The times., 1898-06-12
Boys overalls, Dc.

Lot of little boys Brownie" over
alls-made of blue denim-siZes to
years-will be sold tomorrow for 19c.
The times., 1898-06-12
our markets are now supplied with sweet

The next in success
sion was the Hon.
Norman J. Coleman,
of Missouri. He was
appointed Commits
sioner of Agriculture
by President CIeve-
land, in 1885. Com
missioner Coleman
took a deep interest
in a bill before con-
gress to establish ag-
ricultural experiment
stations in the diff
ferent States. The
The times., 1898-06-12
Boys $3.50 suits, Sl.S.

Lot of boys double-breasted cassi-
mere suits. in sizes 6 10 10 years-splen-
did patterns-soId originally for 500
to go for just half price-s1.25.