davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
7ERYV6SJAL
Extremely ere Weather Con-
ditio2 the Northwest for
~his Season.
Snow Has Abated Throughout
the West, but Cold Is More
Intense.
Twenty-siX Degrees Below Zero
Reported From the Extreme
Northwest.
Weather Ranges Down to Zero
IN 0tbou Soo4;nrc % +Lo
Weather Ranges Down to Zero .
in Other Sections of the
West.

CHICAGO, Nov. 23.-The severe storm
prevailing has moved northeastward
and is central over the Upper Lake re-
giOn, attended with rain or snow over
the Lower Lake region, the Ohio, Mis-
sissippi and Missouri valleys.
The cold wave is moving forward in
the rear of the storm, being felt as far
eastward as Lake Michigan, Illinois and
Indiana. The lowest temperature re-
ported is in the extreme Northwest, 26
deg. below zero, and the zero temporal
ture line runs southwark as far as Gen.
trail Nebraska and Western Iowa 1t is
an unusually severe cold wave for this
season of the year, but it is noderating
somewhat in the Northern Rocky noun
tain region. Very dangerous gales con-
tinue from the northwest over Lake Su-
periOr and Lake Michigan. The wind
velocity at Duluth is Sc miles.
Temperatures for the day ranged from
10 below to IS below in Minnesota and
the Dakotas, below to above in Iowa
Kansas; Missouri, Illinois, Indiana and
Ohio report to 10 above.
Every road running into Chicago
from the West and Northwest reported
more or less delay to trains on account
of the blizzard. The Chicago and
Northwestern overland limited is IL
hours late, and nearly every train from
the North is from one to three hours be-
hind schedule time,
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
FATAL FIGHT
tilipinOs, Whom the Military P0-
lice at Manila Attempted
/ to Arrest,
Killed One, Soldier and Wounded
Three 0thers--One Filipino
Dead.
EOldier Killed and the Three
Wounded Belonged to Tlir-
J teenth Minnesota.
Two Spanish Cruisers Sunk at
Cayite Have Been Raised
and DOcked. ..

MANILA, Nov. 21.-Three Filipino ma
lives last night hired carriage and
afterwards became engaged in dispute
with the driver regarding the fare.
Some members of the American military
police attempted to arrest the natives,
but the latter resisted and Sergeant
Price, of the Minnesota regiment, was
stabbed and killed and three other
American soldiers, Maher, Montgomery
and Hoyt were wounded. Maher shot
one native dead. The others were az
rested.
The spanish cruisers Isla de Cuba and
Isla de Luzon, which were sunk during
the battle of Manila, have been foated
and locked at Cavite.
The United States revenue cutter Nc
Culloch has left Manila on her way home
The Philippine provinces have suffered
from the severest typhoon for years.
Malalos, the headC uarters of Aguinaldo,
has been damaged and many villages
have been destroyed.
The merchants of this city have de-
cided to establish chamber of COM
merce which, by Spanish law, they were
precluded from doing. ...
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
REVOLT Is SERIOUS.
The SalvadOrian Rebellion May Involv.
All the Central American States.

The SalvadOrian Rebellion May Involve
All the Central American States.
New YORK, Nov. ga special from
Panama says: Late advices from Sal
vador, via Nicaragua, indicate that the
revolt is more serious than at first
thought. 1t may involve all five states
in general confiagration.
According to advices the real object
of the movement is the overthrow of the
federal republic, which was organized
Nov. l at Amapala. To accomplish this
Regalado called in the aid of Guatemala
and Costo RIGA, who always viewed the
union of Salvador, Nicaragua and Hon
duras as constant menace to their
sovereignty.
The rebels are now in possession of
all the departments with the exception
of La Union and San Miguel, the latter
a stronghold of Horacio Villavicencio,
who is candidate in opposition to
Regalados.
The federal government is hurriedly
mobilizing its forces to march against
Regalados. Honduras sends 1000, Mic
aragua 400, and the federal district of
Salvador 1000. The movement is
backed by capitalists who are we'll
known military men.
A cable censorship has been estab-
lished at La Libertad.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24

is so much talk about the building of
the canal across Nicaragua is believed
to have been brought about by the re-
cent concession granted to the Grace
syndicate. which goes into effect in Oc-
tOber, 1899. When this concession was
announced it was said that Costa Rica's
opposition could not in any way affect
the new grant.
Costa Rica's Rights.
President Iglesias when spoken to
about the proposed canal. said that
Costa RIGA has important rights which
it has reserved, and intimated that it
was not all plain sailing for the new
syndicate. Further he would not dis.
cuss the matter.
DR.. Ulloa, consul general of Costa
RIGA, however, explained what was
meant by Costa Rica's rights. DR.. Ulloa
said that his country has equal rights
with Nicaragua along the San Juan
river, an important waterway which
divides the two republics. The
building of the dams across the
river for the interoceanic canal.
~ 10 ollu, WILL
able lands in Costa RIGA. Without
the latter country's sanction, it is as
serted, the CONCESSION held by the Grace
syndicate is virtually valueless. There
is said to be a strong feeling in Costa
Rica in favor of allowing the United
States, instead of a private corporation,
to build the canal, and that the govern
ment should do it's best to thwart the
scheme planned by Nicaragua.
DR.. Ulloa said that the reason that
Costa Rica has not Joined the Republic
of Central America, which is composed
of San Salvador, Nicaragua and Hon
duras is because the coalition is looked
upon as an experiment and not by any
means as a staple compact. The revolt
now in progress in San Salvador, he ad-
ded, is a serious one and is the outcome
of the union which went into effect on
Nov 1
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Great Northern Refuses.

ST. PAUL. Nov. 23.-The state railroad
commission has sent written statement
to Attorney General Childs that the
Great Northern Railway company re-
fused toanswer certain questions deemed
essential to the publication of the COM
missions annual report, and asked him
to take such action in the matter as he
deemed advisable Mr.. Childs has been
busy several days with the Duluth and
Iron Range land grant case, but as soon
.as.he gets time to take&up the matter,
referred to him by the commission he
will probably institute proceedings in
the district court against the Great
Northern to compel it to furnish the in
formation desired
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
WAS A FORGED TELEGRAM

Reported Break in Negotiations Trick OF
Stock Jobbers.
CHICAGO, Nov. 23-The Paris bulletin
sent out shortly after noon on Monday
announcing that Senior Montero Rios
had refused to continue the peace nego.
tiations was not sent from Paris by the
correspondent of the Associated Press.
It was not sent with his knowledge or
by his agency. The message was re-
ceived over the wires of the French
Telegraphic Cable company, and it APP
pears, on inquiry, that the cable sheet
handed in at the Paris office was en-
dorsed in the name of the Paris CORE
spondent of the Associated Press. The
cable company was imposed upon.
In reply to special message of in
quiry the Paris correspondent of the
Associated Press says regarding the
bulletin:
II have sent no such statement. It
was declared, too, by the Spanish COM
mission to be untrue. Has the Associ-
ated Press been imposed upon by stock
jobbersT
Il = .
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
INVESTIGATE FURTHER,

COMMUNICATIONS and Bishop Whipple
Go to Leech Lake.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 23.-Indian Com
missioner w. A. Jones, whose efforts
resulted in peaceful settlement of the
late imbroglio with the Pillager Indians
will arrivein st. Paul this week and
proceed tosthe Leech Lake agency, from
which point he will conduct personal
examination into certain matters upon
which it is desired to frame report to-
be laid before the secretary of the inte-
rior. Bishop Whipple, who is now in
Washington, will accompany Indian
Commissioner Jones to the agency and
will assist in the investigation. 1t is
understood that Peter Sutherland, the
old Indian trader. whose understanding
of Indian affairs is thorough, has pre-
pared for the secretary of the interior a
complete statement of the Indian side
of the case at the request of Bishop
Whipple, who vouches for his, good
faith
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Zero Weather Southwest,

KANSAS CITY, Nov. 23.-Snow has
ceased to fall at most points in the
Southwest and has been followed by the
coolest weather of the season, the Their
mometer generally lowering around the
zero and on the prairies registering from
2 to A degrees below. A high wind is
drifting the snow badly. Reports of
suffering to cattle are frequent. The
coal mines at Pittsburg, Kan, and vi
entity, already behind in filling orders,
are having difficulty in supplying the
necessities of the market.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
OTHERS ARE AS PIGMIES.
Mammoth Ice Breaking Steamer For the
Russian Government Launched.

Russian Government Launched.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 23.-There has
just been launched in England at the
yards of Armstrong, Whitworth & Co.,
what is without doubt the largest ice
breaking steamer in the world, for its
displacement is no less than 5000 tons.
This was built for the Russian govern
ment, which is going to make an effort
on large scale to keep the Baltic open
all winter. Besides this vast ice crusher
the ice breakers of the Canadian lakes,
which are able to crush through
four feet of ice, are merely infants.
The new Russian boat is provided
with a forward propeller which is
circulated so as to vastly assist in the
crushing process by disturbing the water
under the ice, and depriving it of sup
port. The stern of the ice breaker is
cut into recess, into which the stern
of another vessel can be securely dashed,
and thus attain the utmost protection
from her powerful consort. Besides
conveying the merchant ships, the ice
breaker is capable of carrying heavy
cargo. 1t is confidently expected that
through her agency the principal trade
routes which depend on Baltic ports
will be kept open in winter and thus
provide continuous employment to an
enormous section of the community.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
SERIOUS AT ILOILO.
Admiral Dewey Reports That Foreigner
There Want His Protection.

Admiral Dewey Reports That Foreigners
There Want His Protection.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 21.-News of a
mixed character came to the navy de-
partment during the day from Admiral
Dewey touching the situation in the
Philippines. The admiral sent two of
his warships, the Charleston and the
Concord, some time ago to the south
ward from Manila to ascertain whether
there was any truth in reports that the
insurgents had expended their activities
in that direction. His cablegram is as
follows:
Charleston and Concord arrived to-
day from Iloilo. Glass reports that the
entire island of Panay is in possession of
insurgents except Hoilo, which is de-
Tended by 800 Spanish troops. All for
eign citizens there beg for American
protection. The island of Negros has
declared independence and desires an
American protectorate.
May Hasten Matters at Paris.
So far nothing has been done by the
administration towards CURLING the in
surgents in their operations save moral
representations from the American
commanders to Aguinaldo, in which it
has been pointed out to him that it
would be good policy on account of the
probability of the annexation of the isl
ands by the United States to pursue
course that would not be obnoxious to
the United States. But the situation is
serious enough to be critical. The i'm
mediate effect of this state of affairs
may be to hasten action by the Paris
conference, for it is only by the ter1nina-
ton of that tribunal that the United
States can come to the relief of the be-
leaguered Spaniards in Iloilo and other
points, the United States troops being
estopped by the usages of war from
moving beyond their present possession
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
SERIOUS PLAGUE RIOT.

Many Natives Killed and Wounded in
Northwest India.
LONDON, Nov. pa dispatch to The
Times from Allahabad, capital of the
northwest provinces Of India. says:
A serious plague riot took place at
Seringapatam on Nov. 10. Ten thou
sand natives from the villages rounda-
bout concentrated at Seringapatam and
made desperate effort to enter the fort
and rescue the prisoners there. Another
mob from the Mysore side tried to cross
the bridge. In each case the garrison
replied with volleys and succeeded in
frustrating the attempt Many persons
were killed or wounded.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
THE EARLIEST IN YEARS.

Blizzard and Cold Wave Sweeps Over the
Northwest
ST. PAUL, NOV. pa severe storm of
wind and snow was general over the
Northwest for the 48 hours beginning
M onday morning. Considerable snow
has fallen and drifts have caused great
trouble for railroads. On nearly an the
lines entering the city trains were
greatly delayed, while on several roads
business was practically suspended.
Street car traffic in this city was seri-.
ously interfered with, the Como line to
Minneapolis suspending entirely. Below
zero weather is the prediction.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
FRANCE AND ITALY SIGN,
Commercial Treaty Between the Two
Countries Concluded.

Commercial Treaty Between the Two
Countries Concluded.
PARIS, Nov. eat was quite upex-
pectedly announced during the after
noon that commercial treaty had been
concluded between France and Italy,
granting mutually favored treatment.
The negotiations that have eliminated
in these arrangements have been on foot
for two years, but nobody believed that
definite agreement was pending.
LONDON, Nov. 23.-The Rome CORE
spondent of The Daily News says: The
conclusion of the Franco-Italian treaty
came as thunderclap. Looking to the
hitherto strained relations between
Paris and Rome the treaty may be con-
sidered the most portantinternationa
event as regards Italy since the conclu.
sion of the triple alliance.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
IGLESIASHERE
Costa Rican President Arrives at
New York on a Visit to This
Country.
On a Trip for Pleasure and
Health, but He May Talk
Business
To President Mckinley Concern
ing the Building of the Mic
araguan Canal.
Met at New York by an Envoy of
the President--COsta Rica's
Canal Interests.

NEW YORK, Nov. 23.-President Ra-
fael Iglesias of Costa RIGA is passen-
ger on the Atlas line steamship Altai,
which passed in at Sandy Hook at $40
a. m. He comes here in search of
health-at least that is the supposed
object of his visit It is reported, how
ever. that he may discuss the claims of
Costa RIGA in the interoceanic canal
during his visit to President Mckinley.
1t is known that Costa RIGA very much
desires the completion of this canal
The first intimation that President Igle-
sias intended to honor the United States
with visit was given when Senior
Calvo, the Costa Rican minister at
Washington, notified the state depart
ment few days ago of the expected ar
rival of his chief. This was after the
Altai had sailed from Port Limon, and
the president was actually on his way
here.
With President Iglesias were Ricardo
Iglesias, his brother; Colonel Leonzo
Bonilla, aide de camp, DR.. Antonio
Guestiani and General John S. Case
ment of the Costa Rican railway. The
party will stop at the Waldorf for few
days before proceeding to Washington.
Shortly after the Altai left quarantine
for her dock, she was boarded by Col
onel William Carter of the war depart
ment, representing President Mckinley,
to welcome President 1glesias.
Was Opposed to Display.
President Iglesias said that as he rs 4
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
All From St. Paul.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 21.-Neither the
war nor navy department have any in
formation concerning the fight between
the Filipinos and American soldiers.
The muster rolls of Company E, Thir-
tenth Minnesota, show the names of
Sergeant j. G. Price and Privates Lins-
ley Hoyt, Harry T. Montgomery and
George Maher, all Of whom enlisted in
st. Paul. Some of the last names given
in the Manila dispatch are duplicated in
other companies, but the probabilities
are that the names given therein are
those of the men concerned.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Was Probably Murdered.

Two HARBoRs, Mimi, Nov. 3d.
There is considerable excitement here
over the death of August Erickson, a
resident of Two Harbors. found in the
rear of his residence dead, with his
skull fractured Erickson was last seen
Saturday night after attending church
social, and it is reported, had $3.50 in
his pockets. DIR. Goldsworthy believes
Erickson's skull was fractured by a
blow from blunt Instrument.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Dewey FavOrs Retention.

MONTPELIER, Vt, Nov 23.-Professor
Brown of Norwich university has re-.
ceived personal letter from Admiral
Dewey under date of Oct. 3. in which
the admiral says: II trust the entire
archipelago will be retained by the
United States. Any other arrangement
will lead to no end of trouble"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
lloilo Ha. Not Surrendered.

MADRID, Nov. 23.-The report that
the insurgents have captured Iloilo.
capital Of Panay, in the Visayas group
of the Philippines, is declared untrue
It's said that measures have been taken
for the defense of the town by the Span.
ish authorities.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24

t1nue 70 agree. Canada is very tempting
after Cuba, and then Jamaica, British
Guiana and the Cape. A decade hence
Great Britain will be caught between
Europe and the United States, and that
day will be Great Britain's DEATH"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Shipping Endangered.

WEST SUPERIOR, Wis, Nov. 23.-The
storm continues undated. The wind is
blowing from the northeast at 56-mile
clip, greatly endangering vessels on the
lake. Considerable fear is entertained
by shippers as to the safety of boats and
cargoes, but SO far no damage has been
rornrfo1
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Range Cattle win Suffer.

OMAHA, Nov. 23.-Nebraska has been
in the grip of norther all day. For "a
hours strong wind from the northwest
of that time it has driven fine snow
ahead of it. Considerable loss of stock,
both cattle and sheep, is feared.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Murderer Asks to Be Locked UD,

HURON, S D., Nov. ga young Ger
man named Emil Wier stepped into
Sheriff Melbury's Office and asked to be
placed in Jail, saying it was he who
killed John Mott of Richland township,
whose body was found in his barn Sat
urday morning. Wier declines to give
details
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
Died in Poland,

WlNoNA, Mimi. Nov 23.-News has
been received in the city of the death of
Rev. Father Constantine Domagalski at
Tuchorze, Poland, on. Nov. /. Rev.
Domagalski had charge of St. Stanis-
laus parish in this city some years ago.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
FATE OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Paris PAPER says she VIII be crushed rs
tween America and Europe.
PARIS, Nov. 21.-The Rappel, in threat
ening Great Britain with French hostil-
-ity in the future, says:
1.-The blunders of Great Britain in the
Fashoda have irritated Europe and have
excited the appetite of the United States.
England and America can scarcely con-
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24

ALBERT LEA, Mimi, Nov. 23.-Judge
Whytock of the Tenth judicial district,
g lying at his home in this city very i'll
with pneumonia. Judge Quinn of Wells
will conduct some terms of court for
shs dick jurist.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
DIR. Nancy, GuiIford ON Board.

NEW YORK, Nov. 21.-On board the
Cunard line steamer Lucania which az
rived from Liverpool and Queenstown
was DR.. Nancy Guilford, the Connect.
cut midwife, a prisoner in custody.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24

A recruiting station will be opened at
Winona. 1t is said several of the boys
of companies G and E, Twelfth Mime
sofa, will there join the regular regular
army.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1898-11-24
ILOILO CAPTURED.
Report Has 1t That the Panay Capital
Has Surrendered.

MANILA, Nov. 21.-It is reported that
Iloilo, capital of the island of Panay is
in the hands of the insurgents. The
United States cruiser Charleston and the
United States gunboat Concord have
gone there.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1898-05-22
ROS Y ca
FOrtaleza so.

FL elegane pdblico puertorriqueno podra encontrar
constanemene nuesro estabeclmeno un surtldo va
radsmo seleco de calzado de todas classes, tan
peto e que puedan orecer este ramo las mas
putadaS de America.
All efecto hemos perdonado medic nj sacrihcio al
sales mantengan sempre la altura de los dltmos
adelantos de la moda de las exigencas el caprcho
mas rehnados
Las importanes compras realzadas por uno de nues-
os socos Europa hacen concebr la esperanto de
que pdbco de esta Isa scgura dispensandonos pro-
teccon simpafas.
Desde el mas senclo zapato hasta el par de botas
mas chic, aquf sc encuentra toda la serie.
En- nuestro ramo de peleterfa no es menos inmcnsa
y escogda Ia existenca que tenemos. J
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1898-05-22
SANTORAL

Domingo, 22.-Santa Rita de
Casia, viuda, y santas Quiteria y
Julita, virgenes y mrs.
Lunes, 23.-La Aparici6n de
Santiago Ap6stol.
Martes, 24.--La festividad de
Nuestra Sehora, Auxilio de los
Cristianos, y San Juan Francis.
co de Regis, confesor.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1898-05-22
Gaceta de hoy.

Cablegramas del Ministerio de
Ultramar dando cuenta de la di
mission del Sr Moret y del nom
bramiento del Sr Romero Gir6n.
-Otro del nuevo Ministro de
Ultramar saludando 4 la Colonia.
Continuation de la lista de
suscripcion.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1898-05-22
Gacsta de aver.

Continuation de la lista de sus
cr!pci6n.
-Cilcuiar de la Junta Central
del Censo de poblaci6n dictando
disposiciones para ell mejor SER
vicio.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1898-05-22
BOLIVAR, lRRuzl Y o.
11-TETUAN-1l

Afmacenistas importadores de pro-
visiones. Ventas al por mayor.
Duefios de Ia antigua y acredita-
da Fabrica de F6sforos, establecida
en- SanturCe.
Marcas BOLIVAR y CONILL,
-Dep6sito: Tetuan IL.
Agentes de Ia acreditada marca
de cigarrillos Pajarito, Belleza y
Abertad.
Fabrica de licores de todas classes.
Admiten azdcares & consignaci6n.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1898-05-22
GUtA LOCAL.
SOBRllOS De EzQIIlGA.
F0RTALEZA II
Casa lie gircs y omisiones.

Casa dc gircs Y comis Jones.
Agentes de los vapores .oorreos de
% Compaflia Trasatlantica Espafiola.
Agentes de id. id, de los Sres La.
rlfnaga y Co, de Liverpool.
Id id. G. FL. Fletcher y Co, de id
Compahia " La FIecha ., de id.
Agentes de id id de los Sres 7
L, Nlekels y Co, Inca Serrar
Agentes de Bdlr, Behrend Y
Ross, Inca q" Serla >.
Agentes de la Comp2hfa de secn.
ros contra ince" us denominada
Royal y, de Id,
Agentas de la Cumpahfa de Seru-
r0s Mar4timOs The Indemnity Mn.
tlal Assurance Company Limiteds