davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29

commander never has less than a ship
nowadays, though Commander Lam
berton is acting just at present as chief
of staff to Admiral Dewey. Still, that is
really a proper duty for a commander.
Commanders and captains hold command
rank. Leutenant-commanderS act as
executive officers to captains command
ing ships, and command smaller craft
themselves. Lieutenants act as execu-
tives to lieutenant-cOmmander and COM
manders in command of vessels, and so
on down.
When once an officer has gained COM
-nand rank he is not required to take
junior detail again. Commander Lam
bertons case is an exception. Each rank
is able to command vessels OF only GER
tain specified sizes. Thus a commander
will never have a vessel Of the first rate;
he may command a vessel of the third
or fourth rate, while vessels of the first
and second rates are kept for captains.
Lieutenant-commande have command
OF fourth-raters, too.
In the army, where there is no ward
room, a major may command a regiment
for year. and then return to command
his battalion. The idea In the navy is
that an officer who has once been in
command and had the cabin of a ship
should not be compelled thereafter 10 go
into the ward-room with the juniors,
some Of whom, II Is not impossible, might
have served under him. In the close quar-
ters of a vessel such proximity under
changed conditions might be unnecessa-
rily hard. so it does not occur. In the
army there is no such danger, as army
quarters. however small, allow an officer
enough room to keep away, except on
business. from another with whom he has
~ 4
no command RANK" In the army an off,
Ger goes up TO take a senior command,
and goes back to take his original place
without loss Of dignity.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29

Young Homer IL taken half n mile The
nise oay, mile the second. two m,las
me 'hird, and so on, doubling the dis.
lance each time Ii must be ,iho,atna
eacn time only In the same direct,nr a.
TO It's loft, for bird can be trained so1,,
along one route at time. When fortv
nlles mas been reached weeks rest
comes between: hundred miles 10
enough Tor young birds first year. So
essShtlai Is the training that old. birds
are taken onty two miles out for the first
s oI q season, though they may have
hoWn their two hundred and fttv
miles the year preceding The end OF tho
next season. however, WILL II the birds
are willing and the trainer patient no
crowned by the accomplishments Of a
4U-mile flight. AS you get higher IN The
scale OF distance. longer and longer
rests are needed. Male birds are gene
raliy used for long distances; family mat
ters are apt to engross the attention OF
,he men. though she is still capable of
s0oo work when she has a mind for II.
THEY NEED LANDMARKS.
Much good ink and paper have been
spoiled In trying to account for the
homing instinct, or, as It Is sometimes
called, the instinct of orientation. Some
writer's have suggested that the birdY
urinary objection that they have only
four, for there seems little doubt that
they have no sense OF smell. Practical
men say that the birds Digit depends
solely upon sight and memory. II flown
In fog 1t either returns to the place OF
flight or Is lost Let loose from a bal
loon on clear day too far above the
ground for objects 10 be discerned. II
drops perpendicularly like a plummet
until 1t nears the earth. when 1t begins to
whlrl around in a descending spiral"
seeking for landmarks by which to direct
the flight.
Pigeons have been employed in Arctic
explorations before Mr. Andree. Twelve
pairs of birds were sent out with Cap
tain Mares and Captain Young in the
Alert and Discovery expedition There
seems to have been no competent person
to take care of them, and few survived
the voyage; the rest died In the winter
quarters, except one, which was shot by
a sailor I'm mistake for ptarmigan.
OF course, no birds could be trained to
carry messages back to Europe from the
frozen North. They are liberated on the
chance that, disguised with the region
Of Ice and snow in which they find them
selves, they may make for some in
habitated country and fail into the hands
OF natives or others through whom the
message. or the news of the capture.
maybe transmitted.
There are several ways of attaching a
message to bird. The best way pro-
baby, is TO attach IL to the leg Just above
the claw of the foot with a small India
rubber ring kept on the birds leg ready
for use.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29
Progress of the War.
washington Star,

February 15th-MAINE BLOWN UP.
17th-Court of Inquiry appo lted.
2lst-Inquiry begun.
March 7th-Fifty -million-dollar bill for
national defence introduced in House.
8th-Bill passed by House.
9th-Bill passed by Senate.
l9th-Oregon leaves San Francisco.
2Sth-Maine inquiry report sent to Con-
gress.
April -CONSUL-GENERAL LEE
RECALLED.
northumberland Lee leaves Cuba.
uth--President Mckinley asks authority
TO intervene in Cuba.
19th-Congress passes Intervention reso-
lutions.
20th-ULTIMATUM SENT TO SPAIN.
2lst-SpaIn sends passports to Minister
Woodford.
APPROXIMATION OF CUBAN
BLOCKADE. First prize captured by
Nashville.
23d-THE PRESIDENT CALLS FOR
125, 900 VOLUNTEERS.
25th--State OF war declared to have ex-
listed since the 2lst.
2th-Admiral Sampson bombards Ma
tanZas.
May 1st-ADMIRAL, DEWEY SINKS
THE SPANISH FLEET AT MANILA.
11th-First American blood shed at Car
denas. Death of Ensign Bagley, of North
Carolina. Dewey made a rear-admiral.
General Merritt selected to lead e1pedi-
ton to Philippines.
12th-Admiral Sampson bombards San
Juan. Spanish feet reaches Martinique
20th-Oregon reaches Barbados.
2d-Charleston sails for Manila
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29
RANK AFLOAT AND ASHORE.
Brevet Rank i'm the Army and Act
Ing Rank in the Navy.

(NeW York SUM
Probably no country gets more or bet
Ter work from its servants than the
United States The pay of the lower ranks
Of our army and navy officers, to be
sure, is larger than that of officers Of
equal grades in other services. But our
pay is the end of it. In foreign services
there are perquisites, though they are not
called so, and in the higher ranks the
pay is likely to be higher than with US.
Besides, in every country but our own
there are decorations" Of various sorts.
In Great Britain a naval captain is
knighted almost as a matter OF course
when he becomes rear admiral, and be-
fore that time he has received orders and
badges, as a rule, and it is the same way
in the army. In France, the Legion of
Honor goes to about everybody of a GER
tain rank in the army or the navy, and
promotion in the service means promo
ton in the Legion. So, too, in Germany.
But we have nothing of the Sort, as every
one knows. Congress has passed a vote
of thanks to Commodore Dewey, and has
authorized the President to appoint a
seventh rear admiral, but Dewey comes
home, and on his retirement sinks
out OF sight. II he could be knighted and
go for the rest OF his life as Sir George
everybody Noulu kHOW MN anu recall
his exploit
But even in honoring our distinguished
soldiers and sailors, we are singularly
economical. We have heard how the
President has made Captain Sampson an
acting rear admiral but few persons
understand that the honor" means SIM
ply an increased expense for him
AS an admiral, he has u stan and in
creased expenses in the way of enter
taining, but our very thrifty government
does not give him admiralS pay Dear,
mol In the army an officer assigned to-
duty by his bfevet rank gets the pay OF
that rank, but not in the navy. mats
why the wife OF a recently made COM
modore known as the most popular wo-
man In the navy. said that she fervently
prayed that her husband would not be
sent off as an acting rear admiral. the ex-
pense of an admiraps maintenance being
so much greater than that OF plain
Here is list Of the various grades in
the army and navy:
General. .......... ......... s....,.. Admiral.
General.... -....Vice-Admiral. |
Major eneral...... ........Hear Admiral |
Generai...... Commodore.
.......... -............Captain. |
Lieutenant Colonel.... ....Commander. |
Ma1or.... zee. Commander. |
........ acknowledgement. |
FIRST Lieutenant. ....... Lieutenant, Junior
Grade. |
Now, In countries where they so In for
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29

when you read the news OF victory.
OF battles fought and won,
How the army Of invasion
Made the hated Spanish run;
Old you ever pause IL moment,
while the Dons receive their dues,
And sort Of take a tumble
10 the boys who write the news?
Perhaps you think II easy
Amid the cannons roar
To rattle off good copy,
While your paper cries for more.
Let me tell you. gentle reader,
War reporting is no joke,
For your soul may quickly mingIe
With the raging battles smoke.
While pen is flying swiftly
Tide Of conflict to record.
Some whirling Spanish bullet
May pass you DER deaths ford.
Oh, it's Well enough to laugh
AT Written on the spot
But while your mirth holds carnival,
That very man is shot.
In the rear you'll never find him,
Where clash Of arms sounds faint.
He'll not let lips of others
His own word-pictures paint.
He's in the thick Of battle.
He's where the strife runs red.
He's grinding out his story
In that flying sheet of lead.
He loves to write OF others
In whose valor he delights;
He oftimes makes them famous
Twixt darkness and daylight.
He longs to spread in detail
on the flaming scroll of fame
The way that they won glory,
But he never tells his name.
He dies to serve his paper,
His life's the price of news.
There's none TO sing his praises,
And few can fill his shoes.
ARTHUR LESLIE.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29
The Partisan Shoe Begins to Pinch.
QIartford Courant-l


There are signs OF change in the
tone OF the Partisan press toWaro
America. The Figaro has been one OF
the most disagreeably abusive OF the
Partisan papers, and the conclusion Oh
lis latest article is very transparent.
"Americans may continue TO visit
Paris with perfect freedom; they VIII
find that they are not In the shghtest
degree personally unpopular mere, even
though the policy OF Congress ana fresl-
dent Is generally disapproved among US.
Race hatred and all the stupidiues ABOUT
the conflict between the Anglo-Saxons ana
the I.atins 20 for nothing here. we
think and speak from motives quite FOR
eign TO ethnology and general history.
Undoubtedly our sympathy win
Spain exists, and it is perfectly reason
able and will persist. But IL relates SIM
niv 10 our position vis-a-vis WIN
friendly and neighboring power, ana nell
Their affects nor changes our genera
That is. Americans may continue" 10
RIM M hotel bills and 10 purchase
amodes n. Paris" with perfect rree-
aon no discrimination Will De mace
against American money, even ihough
The policy OF Congress is generally as
nroyed" and sympathy with SPAN
exists"
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29
GIadstone's Love of Learning.
cleveland Plain Dealer.)

lCIeVeIand PAIN DeaIerD
Most men learn for a special purpose
not for the sake OF learning. They have
certain aim in view, and they study
that they may reach that aim rather than
for any particular love Of study. They
seek knowledge for what 1t will do for
them in getting along. They are interest
ed in few things which do not bear d.
rectly upon their worldly fortunes. But
Gladstone found in the development OF
his mind a perpetual delight. Many a
long year ago the world had given him
all II could in the way of honor. Many
a long year ago his fame as statesman
was secure. He could have rested on his
laurelA
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29

Among the many novel me-
t. tbods OF transmitting news
quickly that necessity has intro
6uced during the present war is
mat OF the carrier-pigeon SER
. vice. For reasons that are ex-
4, plalncd tn the story that follows.
the pigeon service IS a risky me-
. thod of getting TO shore the story
. OF a naval battle, but It has the I
great advantage or quickness.
which IS one Of the essentials in :
everything pertaining TO modern I
4. newspaper work. That is why
the carrier pigeon is an estsb- =
,.shed feature Of the news-gath- Z
. erng paraphernalia in use at Key I
West.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29
Echo of wn.hrngton's Advice.

NSinclnudLl IOmHIeAcidi lElouhSJ
II Is always useless TO cry over split
milk, and II will not now help matters a
particle to bemoan the fact that we haye
been negligent OF our safety In the past.
The only thing to do to-day 10 TO hustle
10 the best of our ability and hope that
In the future the foolish opposition TO an
army such as is needed by this country
will not be manifested as 1t has been In
the past
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29

ENDING DEcENRER 1877 o.
STATE MARYLAND. THE AUDITOR OF PUBLIC AC
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA. IN PURSUANCE TO
II
-
-
amount OF capital subscribed Q0D
U-Ass -
real -. ::;..:. 80. ....... ......
notm ones @ 80
sn..
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29
WINGED MESSENGERS
.RtrR-rrGEoNs, AND now THEY
MAY BE UTILIZED.
THEIR RECORDS IN TINE OF WAR.

,u.hap. Are Numerous, HIT They
can Re UtiIiEed-Many Are killed
nv rot Hunters How They
Fly.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-05-29

Lone Wolf and Buffalo Meat, two re-
conference.-the Indian chiefs, OF the
Klowas and Cheyennes. respectively, are
about 10 make tour of the large cities
and speak in the Baptist churches. Ihey
win be accompanied by an interpreter
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31
whI,s. and nlaeh. Are At Ont.

Springfield, Ills, July 80. Friction
between tho Eighth regiment Ccolored)
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31
NATIVE AND BRITISH
SUBJECTS ARE ALARMED.


London, July 30. Natives Of the
Philippines and British subjects who
have interests thop are alarmed by tho
reports that peace terms include the r..
turn of those islands to Spain. Asarc.
suit they have held a meeting hcro and
after consultation with the Phihpplan.
In France and Belgium have cablod Ia
President Mckinley aud to senator
Davis, chairman Of the foreign relations
committee. The message TO the presi.
cent ls a. follows.
"rhe Philippians In Europe pray
you not 90 abandon the Philippine il.
lands for the sake Of peace with Spain.
Our loyalty and trust Ia the honor Of
America ontitle Us TO your consideration
and support To hand over our counry
again to Spain Is contrary to the IN.
mani,arian proceedings Of your noble
nation and the wish Of all classes. Civ.
Taxation, trade and order all will bo
lost II spanish authority is rcestablished
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31
Spain Must Cede TO the United States
All Her Islands In the West
Indies, Except Cuba.
CUBA TO BE AN
INDEPENDENT REPUBLIC.
A Joint Commission 10 BE Appointed
Ia Decide What l. 10 BE Done
With the philippine
Islands.

Washington, July 2O.-The answer Of
the United States 10 spain's proposal
for peace has been determined upon and
drafted and delivered 20 VI. Cambon.
The question which was left open a. %
the Philippines was settled hy leaving
the government of the islands 10 a de.
cision u joint commission under Ger.
tain broad conditions 20 BE- required Of
Of Spain, one Of these conditions being
protective of American life.
The commission i 10 b. appointed by
the United States aud Spain. the United
States In the meanwhile 20 exercise con.
irul and jurisdiction over Manila, iis
harbor aud the Immediately surround.
ing territory.
The answered. tie United States was
submitted 10 ~ Cambon at 2 o'clock
this afternoon 20 BE- forwarded by him.
The FOIL terms will not be given 10 the
public until after IL reaches the Spanish
government With regard 20 other
questions than Che Philippines the situ.
alton b.; Ahsoluto oession 70 the
Uuiied States of Porto Rico and all Is.
lands In the West Indies, save Cuba.
The relinquishmcnt by Spain OF sover.
eighty IN Cuba The United States to
exercise control there until a stable gov.
eminent has been established. Acqui.
siiion of a coaling station In I.adrone H..
lands and the Carohnos. No assump-
tion of SPANS Cuban or Porto Rican
debts by the United States 40 war
indemnity from Spain.
II Is understood that tho Spanish.
American commission il 70 have charge
Of the entiro question Of the terms of
peace on the condition that Spanish
troops b. removed Immediately.
The American reply distinctly gives
warning that the proposition a. 20 the
surrender of all sovereignty In the West
lhdhh waters ani the selection Of an
island Of the Ladronos aro beyond any
discussion whatever As 90 the Philip.
pines the reply says IN substance that A.
further indemnity 20 the United States
for rs expenses the United States Is 10
hold the city Of Manila. its hay and har.
Dor, pending the determination Of tho
future government of the whole Island
group. one island Of the Ladrone group
Is 10 be ceded to the United States, this
government 10 make its selection later
In demanding the surrender Of Spanish
sovereignty in all our nearby waters the
reply automatically avoids making any
pledges as to what is to be done BY this
government as 10 Cuba.
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31
WINE FAh lCOIAhS
ABOUT THE CAPTURE,
General Miles Tells How Ponce Gave
Up aud Welcomed the Amer
lean soldisra

Washington July 30. The results
thus far achieved by General Miles and
Captain Higginson, in command of the
naval squadron, In the occupation Of
Porto Rico. have created n feeling Of in.
tense satisfaction among officials Of the
administration. The following was re-.
oeiyed from General Miles after the
capture Of Port Ponce
Port Ponce, Porto Rico, via S.
Thomas, July 20-socretary Of War,
Warrington; On the goth Garretson
had a spirited engagement on skirmish
linss. Our casualties, four wounded,
al doing well Spanish los, three
killed and rs wounded. Yauco ocou.
pied yesterday Henry's division Is
there today. Last evening Commander
Davis Of the Dixie moved into this port,
followed by Captain Higginson with his
heet early this morning. General vii.
sou with Ernest's brigade il now rapld.
ly disemharking. Spanish troops arr
rotreating into southern part Of Porto
Rico.
Ponce and port have a population q
bO,oOO now under the American Gag.
The populace received the troops and "a.
luied the flag with wild enthusiasm.
the navy has several prizes. also ~
lighters. Railway stock partly destroy.
VI now restored. Telegraph communi.
cation has also been restored Gable in.
siruments destroyed. Have sent 10 ia.
maica for others This is a prosperous
and beautiful country. The army will
soon b. In the mountain region weather
deAshtful troops In the best Of health
and spirits; anticipate 90 insurmounia.
BE obstacles in future Results thus
hr have been accomplished without the
lass of n single life
'In the affair Of the 2Gth. Captain Ed.
Nart J. Gibson, company A, was wound.
Cd In left hip Captain J. Il. Prior.
company l., slightly wounded in hand.
Private James Drummond, company X.
two wounds In neck aud Private Benja.
min i. Bosbick, company L. slightly
wounded In right arm. All Of the Sixth
Massachusetts,. All are doing well
"The Spanish retreat from this place
was PERCEPTIONS, they leaving rifles and
ammunition In barracks and 40 or 80
hck In hospitals The people arc enjoy.
INK holiday In honor Of our arrival
"Thc Sixth Massachusetts, aud sixth
lipois went 20 Porto Rico on the
Dixie"
While nothing definite is known 70
DE war officials yet oi General Miles
plans for the immediate future. the
siaiomont in his dispatch that the troops
will soon b. IN the mountain country q,
taken 10 mean that he proposes rapidly
topush on toward Jan Juan. Il Is ex.
pccicd that the Spanish forces will ofIor
no vigorous opposition % the United
States troops until san Juan il reached
There the great battle in the capture OF
the island Will b. fought unless mean.
timo Spain should conclude TO yield to
che inevitable.
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31

ana the Nintn regiment (whtel shows
itself by unpleasant incidents q almost
daily occurrence. Friday night Captain
Wright, the regimental adjuiant, Cap
tain Buck, acting sergeant major, Wa.
ter Williams. and G.. NJ. Barnes. the or.
derlv Of Colonel Campbell, al of the
Ninth, were grossly insulted By the
negro sentinels. They had returned
from the city and thought a. officers
they had the right 20 pass, they were
taken 20 the guarihouse where they
were released By the officer Of the guard
Captain Buck, on expostulation with the
negro sentries, was struck on the arm,
Corpral Hector of the Eighth, being the
assailani. II il alleged.
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31

New York, July a0.-A dispatch from
Key West says hunger u claiming many
victims, rich and poor, in Havana Since
the extended blockade has closed tho
ports Of Sagua IA Gmnde, Nipc and Ra.
tanano, no provisions have entered the
Cuban capital, and General BIanco's
scanty store m the warehouse has been
exhausted
Brad riots have already begun. Two
brothers, bakers, were killed by mob
for defending two dozen loaves.
Charity Is dead, because the wealthy
themselves aro In need Of assistance.
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31
PECIAL ROUND TRIP
VIA
TIE OLD RELIABLE SHO
n. n G.. v. II. n

The Quickest and Best ROM. rss.
Qnaled Double Daily Service 10 81
Louis, and Direct Connections 70
Points East.
SUMNER TOURIST TICKETS.
Vow on sale TO all iours, resort,
nor'h' noriheast:and northwest Good
Tor return until December slst, Isas.
For full particulars, time CAMS, sleep.
er reservations, etc, apply q neares,
ticket agent, /. & q. N..R.R, or ad.
uiess D. J. PHio,
G.:P. and T. A., l.. * G.N.AR.
Palesiia e, fexas,
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31
WIN oppo.s diving Up Porto Rico.


London, July 80 Tho Madrid cor.
respondent of The Daily Mail says;
The Spanish government will combat
10 the last cossion OF Porto Rico to the
United States IL would much rather
sacrifice one Of the Philippine islands,
coniending hat Porto Rico has always
been loyal and outside the scope OF the
war
Apparently thore is little objection
10 eeding coaling station In the Philip.
pines, provided Spanish sovereignty is
respected In the island which, IN the
opinion Of official aud government cii.
clc generally, will afford compensation
for the loss Of the Antilles, besides pro.
curing occupation for the West Indian
army in reostablshing Spanish rule"
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31

Washington, July 30. -Oriers have
been given for the troops now at Miami
TO proceed 20 jacksonville. These or.
des affect six regiments. as follows /:
The First AMI Second Louisiana. the
First and Second Texas and the First
and Second Alabama volunteers.
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31
M any form. !,

In any form"
The message 70 Senator Davis says;
"a castiron agreement binding Spain
10 form a government satisfactory %
the inhabitants is preposterous. To ~.
tain her sovereignty means deception,
oppression and bigo,ry. We placed our
rights In your hands and pray you 70
induce the president and senate not 70
abandon in the hour Of peace a people.
who trusting In American honor, fight
Tor their common interests.
MORE PARTICULARS
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31

The Eagle learned last night that
Mr, James Coopsr sold his stock of rat
tle Yesterday for eos 900.
Bryan morning eagle. [volume] (Bryan, Tex.) 1898-1909, 1898-07-31

Alan'' oel braiel Geranium Boia,ei
ralcum Powder. l5c box This pow.
der sells ior pc elsewhere. Sold only
by sam B. Wilson & Co. l4ltf