Arizona republican., 1898-08-12

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 Our next treaty of peace, that of 1914, with England, was peculiar in
 that it contained 10 reference to the causes that brought on the war. It settled the ownership of islands ill
 Passamaquoddy bay and defined the boundary line between the United
 States and Canada, but made no refer
 ence to the real issues of the war
 However. the United States conten- tions against the recognition of search.
 paper blockades and in favor of the right of repatriation have since be- come recognized principles of inter- national law which are observed even when there is no definite treaty
 When the United States had con- nuered Mexico there was a good deal of talk about European interference in
 the terms of the treaty of peace, but 1 the power found their informal sugges- tions were received coldly and did not press the matter. This was the first
 war in which we got an indemnity. and in fact the only one. That one will be
 eyacted in the war with Spain goes
 without saying, as that is the regular custom nowadays. Such an indemnity l is required sometimes in territory, sometimes in money and sometimes in both Compensation with Mexico was exacted only in territory because of the
 poverty of our neighboring nation. The
 cost of the war had been about $1OO,- 000,000 and we took California and New Mexico in payment therefor and
 gave $15, 100000 to Mexico. so well were we satisfied with the bargain. l China has lost much money and
 more territory paid out ;n inderlnities The three wars with Great Britain of 1 1S40. 1857 and 1860, lost to her Hong Kong, cost an indemnity of S35 ,000, ,000,
 and opened several ports to. trade i The treaty of Prague that marked
 the close of the war between Prussia
 and Austria in 1866, provided not alone for the cession of territory by the van ouished and the exclusion of Austria ! from the German bund, but also an in- demnity of 10000 ,0G0 thalers, or s30- o00 Oo0 good price for seven weeks
 of war.
 Frarce naid the greatest war indem- 1ity thas has been eXacted since the days when conquest meant the practi- cally absolute confscation of all the private property of the enemy's sub iects After the capture of Paris Elm peror William demanded the payment of 5000, ,000 000 francs, or s1,200, 100000 by the presumptuous nation that had dared to oppose his armies. M Thiers succeeded in having this reduced ta 1000, 100000 francs, or S1,000, ,000, 900 The hardest blow to France was the making of Alsace and Lorraine Ger
 man territory.
 Russia punished Turkey severely for her temerity in waging the war Of 1S77 The treaty of Stefano, signed eleven months after the beginning Of the war, provided that the sultan should pay an indemnity of 1,410 o00,- 900 rubles. or S730, 900, GOO About one
 half of this was in payment for the cost of the war and the other half was for damage done by Turks to citizens of Russia. The czar preferred terri tory to cash. and the sultan, having more of the former than the latter ar ticle, willingly agreed to cede part Of his land The powers allowed Turkey to make such cession as they ap- proved and the war led directly to the
 great treaty of Berlin, which was to
 settle the eastern question, and to every body's surprise has settled it for twenty years at least.
 Japan believes she was defrauded of the just fruits of her victory over China. Yet the mikado exacted from the celestial emperor sum amounting to nearly $200.000,000 and added to his territory the island of Formosa as result of the terms of the treaty rati- fed at Chefoo May S,1S95. The island whose soil Is said to be the richest in II, T area is as great as that of Massachu- setts and Connecticut combined. and it's population 100000 The recogni- ticn of the independence of Corea, for which the war was waged, also fol- lowed
 War was losing investment for the sultan of Turkey when he fought Greece last year. The powers would not let him exact an indemnity of more than s20 ,oo0 GOO which was not more than fourth of what the war actually cost the grand Turk. But Greece was poor and the adding of new debt to her already overwhelming obligations would have swamped the nation.
 According to the Washington corre spondents, it is understood that we will require the independence of Cuba under an American protectorate and the possession of Porto Rico certainly, while it is more than likely that we shall demand coa1ing stations in the conquered Pacific islands. Failing any precise declaration to the contrary we would hold all that we might have con quered up to the time of the cession of hostilities by the right of uti posse ditis, which simply means the right to keep what you have won.
 Whatever we may gain Spain is bound to retire and leave us in pos session. International law requires this, but the authorities generally say that the ceding nation is not obliged to secure the newcomer in possession. Frank Lee in Chicago Times-Herald