davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1898-06-03
JOINT STATEMENT
IF AUDITOR AND TREASURER
OF ELKo COUNTY.
Por the Quarter Ending Dec.
81, 1907.
ATE OF NEVADA, [.
Comfy OF Elko. &C.

Cou-ty OF Elko. f1'
AUDITORS OFFICE
To the Honorable Board OF County Commits
sioners OF Elko County. Nevada.
GENTLEMEN: We herewith submit our Quar-
erly Report OF the Finances Of the County
for the quarter ending Dec. 81 1897.
Respectfully submitted:
c. a. WATKINS
Auditor.
J. A. MCBRIDE,
TfCAaureT
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1898-06-03
SPANISH CRUELTIES.

One Of the most terrible, and yet
truthful arraignments OF the Spanish
people for their crimes upon civiliza-
ton superior to their own. is found in
Draper's Intellectual Development OF
Europe. Tho writer says:
at was ono unspeakablc outrage.
one unutterable ruin, without dis
elimination OF age or sex. Those
who died not under the lash i'll Il
tropical sun died in the darkness Of
the mine. From sequestered sand
banks, where the rcd iiaminRo flashes
in the gray " the morning, from the
fever.stricken mangrove thickcts and
the gloom Of impenctrable forests;
from the hiding places i'll tho c!etts OF
rocks and the solitude OF invisible
caves; from the eternal SHOWS OF the
Andes, where there was no witness
but the all seeing sun, there went up
to God cry or human despair. by
millions upon millions. whole races
and nations were cut of.
Tho bishop ni Chiara afllrms that
moro thnn l5,000,GtO were cxtcrmin-
nted in his time. From Mexico and
Peru, a civilization thnt might have
instructed Europe was crushed ont
Is it for nothing that Spain las been
made Il hideous skcleton among liv-
ing nations, warning spectacle to
the world. Had not her punishment
overtaken her, men would have surely
said, There is no retribution. there
III no God" IL has been her evil
destiny to ruin two civilizations,
oriental and occidental. and To he
ruined herself. With circumstances
Of dreadful barbarity she expelled the
MOors, who had become children OF
her soil by as long a residence rs the
Norscmans have had in EnglDnd,
from William, the Conqueror 10 our
time. In America she destroyed
races more civilized than herself
EXpulsions and cmigrations have de-
prived her Of her best blood, her
greatest cities have sunk into in
and towns that once had
moro than million of inhabitants
can now only show few scanty
thousands"
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1898-06-03
Construction and PIrInE Of White
head TorpcdOcs,

The Whitehead torpedo, which is
the kind most in use in our navy. il
shaped like cigar. II is from ten tO
twenty inches in diameter and from
structcj in four scctions; the first
section, or blunt end containing 200
pounds OF gun cotton; the second sec
ton, containing a reservoir Of air COM
pressed to 1850 pounds to the square
inch; the third section, containing the
machinery which balances the pro.
jcctilo and keeps 1t in n uniformly
horizontal position, and the fourth
chamber which contains the powerful
little engine which drives tho twin
screws at the projcctilc's small end.
This engine is run 10y the compressed
air from the reservoir in the second
section, and is 30 powerful TINT 1t can
drive the torpedo through. the water
mt speed Of thirty-liyc milcsan hour,
wiiilO tho balance machinery holds il
perfectly true To it's course. .,-.
This engine OF destruction IL given
it's iuitial start from tubc on tor
pedo boat or, perhaps, bhttlcsliip,
for most Of our yeascls now have
those torpedo tubes. Tho tube IL
something after the shnpo OF n gun,
but, as its purpose is not to shoOt at
MI object but merely to start the tor
podo on it's way, il is, as the namo i'm.
plies, simply tube.
Tho torpedo is given its initial
impo,us by discharge Of powder
sufficiently strong To sond IL over the
aldo Of tho ship. Asit pRsscs through
the Duzzle Of the gun the compressed
air Ia released from tho reservoir into
tho engine, aud tho twin screws aro
act going and continue TO do 20 until
tho torpedo either comes in contact
with solid object which c1plodes it
or the mir has nll been exhausted.
Each Whitehead torpedo costs
from $4,000 to s35OO, which eccms n
big prico for proicctilc, but il should
DO borne IN mind that u single ono, 10
II fulfilled its mission, would destroy
tho largcat and costlicst bnitleship
ailoat. Tho gun cotton in tho for.
ward ond OF tho torpedo 10 exploded
by impact, and no nrmor possible can
rcsist its terrible force. ...
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1898-06-03

Journal:--Dick lIoskins, who went
to Cheyenne with the Second troop
OF U. s. Volunteers having enlisted
from Virginia, but failed 10 pass tho
examination on account Of his cyo.
sigh" returned Thursday morning.
lilo was greatly disappointed but
snys IL was gratifying to know tha,
the boys all wanted him TO remain
with them and TINT Col. Torrcy did
cvcry thing possible to work him
through oven to appointing Inn chief
buglcr Of tho regiment, but tho exam.
incra would mako no exception in
his cnso TO tho necessary require.
mCnta.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1898-06-03
Notice for Publication.
LAND OFFICE At CARSON CITY, NEy-
vADA, March 30, 1893.

LAND OFFICE At CARSON CIrY, NEv-
vADA, March 30, 1898.
Notice is hereby given that the fol-
lowing named settler has filed notice
OF her INT ention to make final proof
in support Of her claim, and that said
proof will bo made before The County
& ERIK Of Elko county at Elko. Ne
vhda, on Mrndny, May l6, 1893, viz:
Anna Kennedy. divorced wife of
William II. Kennedy, Homestead Ap-
plication No. III for the S Il OF
n w 4 and II * OF s w Il, Sec. 90.
Il 30 n Il 81 h. NJ. ID. NJ.
She nnmes tho follow ing witnesses
to prove her continuous residence
upon, and cultivation OF, said land,
viz:
William Kennedy, Sr., of Shelton,
Nevada.
Oliver Rife. of Shelton, Nevada.
Joseph III. Sanguinet, OF Shelton,
Nevada.
Louis D. Alberti, OF Shelton, New
nda.
o. ii. GALLUP.
Register.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1898-06-03
EASTWARD THROUGH
TIE ROCKIES ur,,rr1<S.

TIE ROCKIES S-auINyS&
Tho traveller, tourist or business
man is wise when hc selects the Rio
Grandc Western Railway "Great Salt
Lake Route" for his route to the East.
IL 10 tho only iranscontinontal line
pnssing directly through Salt Lake
City, and in addition to tho gliin pse
1t affords OF the Tcmple City. the
Great Salt Lako and picturesque
Snlt Lake and Utah Valley, il affords
the choice OF threo distinct routes
through tho mountains and the most
magnificent scenery in tho world.
On all classcs OF tickets etopovets
arc granted mt Ogden. Salt Lake
City, Glonwood Springs, Leadvillc.
Colorado Syringe. Denver pnd other
points Of interest. Double daily
train service and through Pullman
and Tourist sleeping cars bet twcen
Sao Francisco and Denver. Tourist
cars through 10 Omaha. Chicago and
Boston.
For illustrated pamphlets dcscrip.
tive Of tho "Grent Salt Lake Route, =
write to Il. A. WADLElou. General
Passenger Agent, Salt Lakc City.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1898-06-03

Now carpote, mating, rugs, foot
mats, poriicrs, linoloum, ctc., just re.
coiyod at Alcxauder'g.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
SOUND TALK
By Allen D. Gambler, Who Was In
augurated as Governor of Georgia,
Yesterday.

Atlanta, Ca, October 29.-Allen D.
Chandler was inaugurated Governor of
Georgia at noon to-day. In the course
Of his inaugural address, Governor
Chandler said: Not content with the
extent of our magnificent national do
main, we are reaching out, thousands
Of miles, for the Islands Of the sea,
with their heterogeneous populations;
ard there are men in both political par
ties who would reverse the policy Of
more than a century and enter upon
an extensive and expensive scheme of
colonization as have the monarchies Of
Europe, which will necessitate an i'm
mense standing army and large and
costly navy to be supported by taxes
imposed upon the people Of the States.
It will not do for US 70 wander too
far into the realms Of expirenent.
Cur safety is conservatism and a
rigid adherence TO the precedents Of the
past This is especially true OF the
people of the Souti We should resist
all dangerous innovations. We should
cling TO the constitutional right Of local
self government, the sheet anchor Of
our safety, and oppose, in every legiti-
mate way, the constantly increasing
tendency OF the agents of the federal
government TO encroach upon the re-
served rights OF the States"
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
DREYFUS CASE
Ordered to be Reopeued by the French
Court of Cessation..-T3xt Of the
Decision OF the Court.

Paris, October 29.-The Court Of Cas-
sation has decided to grant revision
OF the Dreyfus case and will institute
a supplementary inquiry.
The court, howeer, has declined to
order the release of Dreyfus.
NJ. Yvos Guyot, in the Steele, to-day
asserts that the secret documents in
the Dreyfus case were burned some
days ago.
The decision of the court, textually,
is as follows:
an view Of the letter OF the minister
of justice, dated September 20, 1898; in
view of the arguments OF the public
prosecutor, denouncing to the court the
condemnation pronounced by the FIRST
courtmartial Of the military govern
ment of Paris, on December p, 1894,
against Alfred Dreyfus, then a captain
Of artillery, attached to the general
staff: in view Of all the documents in
the case, and also of articles 443 TO 446
of the code of criminal procedure,
amended by the law Of June 10, 1895,
relative to the admissibility Of an APP
plication in proper form for revision.
Whereas, The matter has been
brought before the court by the public
prosecutor, in virtue of the express
order of the minister Of justice:
whereas, The application comes
within the category of the cases con-
templated in article 443, and has been
introduced within the period fixed by
article 444;
Whereas, The documents produced
do not place the court in position TO
decide all the merits OF the case and
there is ground for making a supple
mentary inquiry.
For these reasons, the court de-
clares the application to be In proper
form and legally admissible. and states
that il viii institute a supplementary
inquiry and declares there is no ground
at the present moment for deciding on
the public prosecutors application for
a suspension Of the penalty.
The judges Of the court were occu-
pied for three hours and half in con-
sidering the judgment.
The public. whose admission to the
court was regulated with the greatest
care, awaited the decision with
marked calmness. During the suspen-
ton OF business the public crowded
into the Hobbies and there was evident
anxiety TO hear the verdict
There was no demonstration when
the court rose.
The decision created no public excite
men- and complete tranquility prevails
on the streets.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
SICK SOLDIERS ARRIVE,

Many Sixteenth Regiment Men Among the
Patients Brought Back From Porto
Eico.
New York, October 29-The United
States army hospital ship Missouri ar
rived to-day from Porto Rican ports
with 271 sick and wounded patients
most of whom are suffering from ma
larial fever, typhoid fever and dysen-
terry. Two died. l.. Burton Bradish
corporal Company A, Third Illinois, and
Henry NJ. Morrison, private Company
H, Fourth Ohio. The former was bur-
led at Manganese, the latter at sea.
Forty-five of the most seriously sick
were sent to st. Peters hospital, and
the Long Island College hospital in
Brooklyn. Forty others who had to
be carried from the vessel on filters
but who are not so seriously i'll. were
taken to Bedloe's Island. About fifty
of the 40 convalescent on board the
Missouri were sent to Brooklyn hospi-
tails for a few days treatment prepar-
atory to leaving for their homes.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
PROF. CHAS. ELIOT NORTON
Makes Some Startling Statements at
Harvard University.

ADVANCED VIEWS ON THE SITUA-
TION OF THE AMERICAN REPUB-
Lie AT THE PRESENT TIME-DE-
CLARES THE NATION WAS DE-
VOID OF SENSE TO GO TO WAR
IN THE BEGINNING OF THE HOT
SEASON IN A TROPICAL Gil
MATE-THE OLD AMERICA HAS
COME TO AN END, AND OLD
WORLD IDOLS HAVE BEEN SUB
STITUTED FOR REPUBLICAN
PRINCIPLES.
Cambridge, Mass, October 29.-Prof.
Charles Eliot Norton, in an address be-
fore the graduates club OF Harvard
College, expressed sentiments which
are likely TO arouse as much discus
sion among Harvard men and others
as has followed many of Prof Norton 8
recent utterances. The speakers sub
ject was The New America" In the
course of his remarks he reviewed the
conditions which made this republic in
many ways an experiment in the his
tory Of democracies. Continuing, he
said: mo one would have thought
the American nation so devoid of sense
as to 90 to war in the beginning of
the hot season in a tropical climate
and without any adequate preparations
to carry that war to a successful issue.
This war was a revelation. The old
America came to an end with the
declaration of war. The new America
threw over many of the old idols
which have been maintained by this
old America, and substituted for them
those of the other nations of the world.
We must make up our minds to the
new conditions. We are to be mill
tary nation. Moreover, all brutal ten
denotes will be encouraged by the rec
ignition of force as the last appeal Of
the central government itself And,
too, entanglements with other nations
must arise. Meanwhile we have no
leaders, and hence we find ourselves
with great responsibilities and no guild
ance for the ignorant, uniformed, in
flammable populace, and we are allow
ing events to carry us into the most
dangerous situations. The whole sys-
TEN of government was needed to be
revised and reorganized. The pension
list is a list of corruption ard has low
cred the morals of the recipients, while
it has increased the national indebted
ness.
is there nothing to be done? The
situation is to be met with courage
and the determination TO get the best
out of a bad case. We must divorce
the government Of these dependencies
from politics, or else they will become
dens of corruption"
Prof. Norton advocated leaving the
Philippines to the care of Spain.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
WANTED HIM TO DANCE.

LEXINGTON. KY, October ze.-This
afternoon in G. D. Wilson's livery stable.
Second Lieutenant Yeaman. Of Co. n.
Third Kentucky. who. 1t is alleged. was
intoxicated, tried to induce Captain
Bututs, a member OF Cen Wiley's staff,
who was In the stable, TO dance. Butts
refused and Yeaman drew a pistol and
shot at his feet The bullet went wild,
lodging in the floor. Yeaman was ar
rested.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
ARRIVED AT JERUSALEM.
Emperor William and Empress Augusta
Victoria In the Holy CITY

JERUSALEM, October 2s.-Emperor
William and Empress Augusta Victoria,
with their suites. arrived in perfect
health at the encampment outside the
town to-day. At II o'clock their rnajesties
entered the Jaffa gate, and al o'clock
visited the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
The streets presented a lively appear
ance and the buildings were lavishiy dec
Grated
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
The Weather.

WASHINGTON. October 2e.-For West
Virginia Western Pennsylvania and Ohio
Showers; fresh and brisk southerly
winds, shifting 10 westerly winds.
Mr. G .Schnepf. the Opera House drug
gist, made the following observations Of
the temperature Yesterday. a m IS. 3
Weather fair.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
some PERTINENT QUESTIONS,
Which the Administration, in View
of Its New Attitude

TOWARD THE ACQUISITION OF THE
WHOLE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS,
SHOULD PROMPTLY INVESTI-
GATE AND ANSWER-THE PROP
OSITION TO PAY FORTY MILLION
DOLLARS CT SPANS DEBTS
LEADS TO FEARS OF a STOCK
JOBBING SCANDAL-THE BONDS
TO BE PAID HAVE BEEN BOUGHT
UP, AND 1T WILL BE INTEREST
ING TO KNOW WHO NOW HOLDS
THEM
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
WOOL GROWER DEAD.

COLUMBUS o., October 29.-Col. David
Harpster, well known throughout the
county as one of the most extensive wool
growers in the State, died at his home
in Harpster, Wyandotte county, tonight.
from dropsy. He had been Ill for many
months.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
BACK TO CAIRO.

Paris. October 29.-Captain Baratier,
the bearer of Major Marchand's Fash
oda report, started for Egypt to-day
with the governments instructions to
Major MaTchand.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
STILL IN LONDON.

london. October 29.-Gen- Wesley
Merritt and Mrs. Merritt are still in.
London. Mrs. Merritt is suffering from
typhoid fever. Although her condition
is not serious, her sickness will neces-
state her remaining here for some
time.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
fHE SITUATION IS EASIER.
The Temporary Departure of Major
MarChand From FaShuda

AFFORDS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR
FRANCE TO GET OUT OF THE
MIX WITH A GOOD FACE-EVEN
1FN THE FRENCH FLAG IS HAUL
ED DOWN. IT WILL STILL LEAVE
THE MAIN QUESTION UNSET
TLED-AN INSTRUCTIVE ART1-
Gle, TELLING OF THE ORIGIN
OF THE AFRICAN. TROUBLES OF
FRANCE AND ENGLAND.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
COL. GEO. {. NAR|NG DEAD.
Contracted Yellow Fever While in
Cuba on a Special Mission.

SENT BY THE PRESIDENT TO MAKE
AN INVESTIGATION OF AFFAIRS
AT HAVANA, WITH A VIEW OF
IMPROVING THE SANITARY CON
DlTIoN OF THE CITY-HE CAME
HOME LAST TUESDAY AND TOOK
TO his BED AT ONCE-SkILL OF
DOCTORS PROVED UNAVAILING
AND HE DIED OF THE DISEASE
HE HAD BEEN SO SUCCESSFUL IN
COMBATTING-THE BODY GRE
MATED.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30

Washington, October 29.-Upon re-
ceipt of the notice of the death of Col.
Waring to-day, Secretary Alger sent
the following telegram of coincidence
to the widow:
THE unexpected announcement of
your noble husbands death has filed
all our hearts with sorrow Please ac-
cept my most sincere sympathy in your
great bereavement"
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
A BIG FACTORY
For the Manufacture of Oil Well Supplies
to be Erected at Parkersburg.
Snonfal "a The REGISTER

Parkersburg, W. Va, October %
The Oil Well Supply Company, Of
Pittsburg, has secured from the Balti-
more & Ohio Railroad Company a
fifteen year lease on five acres OF land
here and will erect an immense plant
for the Manufacture Of oil well rigs and
reels. The new Industry will employ a
large number Of men.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30

OF THE oUESTIoN-HE HAS CONN
TO THIS CONCLUSION SINCE
MAKING HIS WESTERN CAM
PAIGNING TOUR. AND AFTER
CONFIRMING WITH LEADING
REPUBLICAN POLITICIANS ON
THE ROUTE OVER WHICH HE
TRAVELLBD-ARdY AND NAVY
OFFICERS HAVE PRESENTED
ARGUMENTS IN FAVOR OH
KEEPING THB PACIFIC ISL
ANDS, AND THE PARIS PEACE
COMMISSIONERS HAVE RE-
CEIVED THEIR INSTRUCTIONS
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30

THE VESSEL STRUCK ABOUT SEW
EN- O'CLOCK THE EVENING OF
OCTOBER %, WHILE THE PAS
SENGERS WE'RE AT DINNER-THE
STEWARDS CONTINUED SERVING
THE MEAL FOR SEVERAL MIN
UTES AFTER THE FIRST SHOCK.
HORRIFYINkI EXPERIE NCE OF
MISS ROUDEBUSCH IN THE WA
TER UNDER A BOAT-EVIDENCE
THAT THE BOATS WE'RE NOT
WELL HANDLED.
Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1898-10-30
Copyright, Associated Press.)

Tho Paris correspondent IF The Sun
Sav Special COWS that the general onin-
ion ic that Major Marehand's retire
nent from Fashoda will he followed nv
2 cornnlete evacuation of that place hv
the French This charge Of Motley is
a4trihl'sed 70 the disappointed hopes
repardkg the action of Pussia.
Th6Wer It. IS nfficial,v denied that Ma
ior Masrhsrd hee been ordered to re-
trrn. it IS likely that he viii be sum-
mOnedAo Paris for consultation.
The San Francisco call., 1898-12-18
Governor Gage Will Be
 a Great Success.
Mrs. Dr. A. D. Howe, Trance Medium.

should effect IA
 
 | be and we
 In a argem measur held of seemed to weaken thatno could election
 will be heht- Ningw Ina is no 1899 is inc onle efaihf ndWirru Justly
 Therew be California Is far more gold n
 to of e a municipal reform
The San Francisco call., 1898-12-18
Two Dry Years for the
 Northwest.
Rev. Irl R. Hicks, St. Louis Weather Prophet,

of to eri \E in the Northern an- o The center of the next Jupiter disturbance will fall in the year Jupiter qu no eriod wi De 0 shortage in
 
  1900
 
  character force
  in is likely
The San Francisco call., 1898-12-18

Washington alarming fires accidents will occur in hotels or r n
 and the traffic returns will be xe5y hyy Thf wea and Strange JUNE the takes place int in the f0ren9n ] when dsserbngs the States and heavy record or erl ne ana sen earthquake will occur and accaeas h @ m G e JANUaRY-The passage of @ a t4he h d nphpey @ and ] e be Channel I Italy too will suffer from crime and vio- countries In
 land india Scotland China will occur @ and the Wh % % @ 8 % o m m oa ad @ civil is very PrGbaP :ia he down Rassae " saturn ana uranus t
 M1RcHERalways will be and accidents public in connection with osn % or colonial h @ a oo1 a T threatens @ strikes
 transts unfavorabe for Spain Turkey the advanced in thls lssign Leo a ., t ,, of through sagttary will many yT and m ] g0ain e5pay probably Italy indictment and plots and @ or o m Poaga y M cloud Virgo will aecentuae and intensity Scotland so d snd Holland @ but not
 and d xre The @ occidental @ pn pc Mars ught with will high and m Fonors @ o onl % M @ % and nd @ @ % our % @ disasters will oGour in the a{e m Ihe h Teather e ,r T.. o.,,.+o, o.a .,,uaouu will be freauen Spain will fall London will not escape ee9gh g ro and m this sign s China probably fanacal attack Mars it's rnng sign of the popuiace strong Austria and make % itself ] n @ % m M sign Libra denotes much
 In
The San Francisco call., 1898-12-18
Grant Win Be the Next Senator.
Mrs. pr. Terry, Medium.

fire fend These three buildings \ building watched danger. But of  take
  things look dark unpromng silver lining positive United States the
   be will AL
The San Francisco call., 1898-12-18
Mrs. J. J. WhitDey. CloirVoyoDt.

did  more" must have covered three
   could l this prophecy So fear that we will have dry sea-  felt while under the control that we are going to have
  ordinary diseases be feel the people of   lively
The San Francisco call., 1898-12-18
California Will Have a Prosperous Year
Mrs. Judith B. DWyer, Spiritual Reoder.

of A ~
  act.
 
   I for to
  
    These will 
  the year predict to will moderately  and ywbe will be I be a Iongor be in all
  be in probably them, bu i be beterth s expected ~ - f' ''