The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1898-08-07

Paris and virtually ruled the Island
himself. He promulgated a constitu-
ton and was leading the Island rapidly
toward peace and prosperity when Ma
poleon decided upon his ruin.
To this End Napoleon sent an army
OF 25, 900 men to Hayti under the COM
mand of General Leclerc, the husband
of Pauline Bonaparte. who accom-
panied him. At the approach OF the
French fleet Toussaint summoned his
old generals. Christophe and Degga-
lines, Laplume and Maurepas, ana re-
tired TO the mountains. with his army.
Toussaint and Christophe were de-
clared outlaws. A number OF fierce bat
ties were fought. The French then Of
fered great inducements to Toussatnts
followers, many deserted, and. thus
ahandonedf T%oussaint was forced TO
make terms. BY the terms OF the treaty
he was to govern Hayti as hitherto.
Leclerc acting only in the capacity OF
French deputy.
Toussaint retired to n of his es-
tates and peace seemed assured Mheh
the island was startled by the intel
ligence that Toussaint had been seized
in his house. and. with his family.
conveyed aboard a French man-of-
war, which Immediately sailed Tor
France. Several of Toussaints friends
had been murdered in attempting 10
| rescue him.
Toussaint's old friends and generals
| at once rose in arms. led by Dessalines
and Christophe. Battle after battle
was fought. the negroes gaining stead
fly. Midst OF these. Leclerc died ana
Pauline Bonaparte returned to France
With his body and Rochambeau sue
ceeded to the command of the French.
War recommending between England
and France, an English fleet cka
the island. Rochambeau asked assist
ance of France. but as none could be
! SEN him. he was forced TO evacuate
the island. and toward the end of No
yember. 1903, all the French troops left
st. Domingo. AS Toussaint had died
eight months before in a French prison.
/ Dessalines and Christophe We're left the
masters of Hapti. They proclaimed the
independence of the islands I'm the
name Of the blacks and the people OF
color"
on the 1st of January. 1904, at the as
! sembly OF the generals and chiefs or the
army, the independence of the island
was again solemnly declared. At this
time. TO mark the formal renunciation
of all connection with France, II was
resolved that the name OF the island be
changed from st. Domingo to Hayti,
the name given it by its original Indian
inhabitants.
General Dessalines was appointed
governor general for life, with the privi-
lege of naming his successor. On the
sth of October, 1904. Dessalines ascend
ed the throne as James L., emperor of
Hayti. He was assassinated in Octo-
Der. two years later.
on the death of Dessalines. Christie
phe seized the government OF the north
ern part of the island, and Potion. a
mulatto general. assumed the govern
ment Of the southern division. For sew
A.nl tbAaA rfxsnl aA FFi1d IN "a WA Y
for supremacy. but after a time each
left the other undisturbed.
Each governed in the manner OF a
president of a republic and these men
were the first presidents that free Hayti
knew. In 1911, Christophe converted
his territory into a kingdom. which he
ruled as an absolute monarch until 1920,
when. finding a revolt in progress
which he could not subdue, he shot him.
self.
In 1918 General Potion died. He was
succeeded by General Boyer. who, on
the death of Christophe became presi-
dent OF the republic Of Hayti which. as
the Spanish portion of the island had
come under his sway, now included al
of Hayti.
1t was during Boyer's administrator
that France recognized the independ-
ence of Hayti In 1912 a revolution
broke out and President Boyer fled e
Jamaica. In 1874 the inhabitants Of the
Spanish portion revolted and formed
themselves into a separate republic IN
der the name OF Santo Domingo.
After various individuals had for q
short time occupied the presidential
chair Of Hayti. the election fell upor
General S%olonque. who assembled tbs
throne under the title of Emperor Faus'
tin j.
Since his fall Hayti has been gov.
erned as a republic. But the admins
tration of its affairs, by its present
rulers. gives no guarantee either of flu
ture prosperity or peace. and it Is no
unlikely that the first republic in tn
West Indies will some day come undel
the sway OF the first republic in th'
u.orl5 DAJ~T