Arizona republican., 1898-04-07

land, rock hills and high heathery mountains. The climate is mild and moist, and while cattle usually have winter shelter provided they some times winter we'll without any, and sheep are out all the year. In the days of the Romans it contained dense forests, largely of oak, and many traces of the Roman occupation may still be seen. The forests have dis appeared but there is still'in many sec tions considerable wooded shelter
 Much has been written about the origin of our modern breed of cattle. The Romans when they came into Britain found the great bos urus roam ing through the forest Caesar says this animal resembled the domestic cattle, but in size was more like an elephant and exceedingly wild and fierce with immense horns. Prof. Low says their skeleton indicates an ami nal like the oxen of the present time. Much has been written to show that our modern breeds are descended from this savage wild OK, but the bulk of opinion seems to be against this sup position. Youatt in his work on the cattle of Great Britain says: There appears to be the remnants of two dis tinct breeds of aboriginal cattle, one in the parks of Chillingham, in North umberland, the other at Chatelherault in Lanarkshire. The first are middle horned and the second are boiled In continuation of the first we have the Devon, the Hereford the Sussex and the Highland cattle. The others would appear to survive in the Gallo ways, the Angus humlies, the Suffolks and the Norfolks" 7"
 This may be feasible supposition, but it is just as likely that these wild cattle are the descendants of the domestic animals escaped into the for ests and became wild there. YOuatt says: ''In the comparative rowing and uncertain life which our earlier and later ancestors led, these cattle would sometimes stray and be lost. The country was then overgrown with foc- ests and the beasts betook themselves to the recesses of the woods, became wild and sometimes ferocious. They by degrees grew so numerous as to be dangerous to the inhabitants of the neighboring district. As civilization advanced and the forests became thin ned and contracted these animals were seldom seen and at length almost dis appeared. They are still to be found in few parks" Instead of attempt ing to domesticate the buffalo we brought with us the breeds of cattle used by our forefathers in Europe. The buffalo is readily tanned and has been , used more than once as the OK in the blow. To judge by the historical ac- counts he is meek and mild animal compared with the ancient urus. When the white man came to America the horse was unknown, now there are many bands of wild horses descended from those escaped from settlers both in North and South America. The most likely theory is that our modern
 breeds of cattle are descended from the domestic cattle brought into Flu .. rope by the early settlers. The Scots are said to have come across Europe ! and through Ireland into Scotland from Scythia, and it is a singular fact that Herodotus the historian who wrote about B. c. 400. says: ''In Scy- thia the oxen have no horns" It is therefore probable that the Galloways are the direct descendants of the old Scythian breed of polled cattle.
 , We find traces of old breeds of boiled cattle here and there over the conti- nent or EurOpe. In Austria there is a breed of boiled cattle. mostly red in color, which have existed there for many years, just how long is not known, their origin is lost in antiquity :, Polled cattle are common in Norway, and Iceland has a hornless breed of small size but very fat and good. Ire land had at one time a breed of polled cattle. "The Devonshire Mats, or boiled cattle, now rapidly decreasing in number, possess the general figure and most of the good qualities of the horn ed beasts of that district" was written about 1S40, and now this breed has quite disappeared. The Yorkshire polls were described as good for graz ing and for the pail, having the same qualities as the Shorthorns. They are now quite rare. The Suffolk dun used to be celebrated on account of the , large quantity of milk that she yield ed. They have been merged into the Red Polls or Norfolk. now well known and justly celebrated dairy , breed. This breed is the only modern breed of boiled dairy cattle. Polled , Durhams have of late years become a , distinct breed, and are widely and fa- , vorably known. The Rolled Aber- deen or Angus cattle have become one , of the most popular of the modern ! beef breeds, and one well worthy of a