Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-05-31
ARMY AND NAVY.

tlOn on ali matters relating 10 Gn6 army
and navy.
The various grades in the army and
navy, given according to corresponding
rank, are as follows:
ARMY NAVY.
| General Admiral
| Lieut.. general. Vice admiral
| Major general. Rear admiral
| Brigadier general. Commodore.
Colonel. Captain.
Lieut.. colonel. Commander.
Major. Lieut.. commander.
! Captain. Lieutenant.
Fast lieutenant. Lieut.. junior grade.
Second lieutenant Ensign
The Offices of general and lieutenant
General and admiral and vice admiral
60 longer exist, having gone out of ex-
isteuce with the death or retirement OF
the incumbents since the civil war.
Sheridan was the fourth and last GEL
cral of the army, his predecessors be-
ing Washington, Grant and Sherman.
The last officer to hold the rank of lieu
tenant general was General Schofeld,
now on the retired list. Farragut and
Porter were the onl ly officers of the
navy to hold the rank OF admiral.
Stephen c. Rowan was the third and
.ast vice admiral, the other two being
Farragut and Porter. Major General
Miles, the senior major general now i'll
the service, commands the army.
There is no similar Office in the navy.
rne ranking officer of that branch OF
the service is Rear Admiral W. A. Kirk
land, now in command of the Mare Isl
and navy yard. There are seven rear
aimirals, the unior being Rear Ad-
miiaI George Dewey.
The pay of army officers Is higher
than that of naval officers, even when
the latter are at 60.
On shore duty the navy pay is cut
Town by from one sixteenth TO one fifth.
The insignia OF rank in the two SER
vices are the same, with difference.
All the naval officers wear "foul an
chors" on their shoulder straps and
collars; apart from the anchors the
badges are the same. Thus colonel
wears q silver eagle on his straps; q
naval captain wears the same between
TWO foul anchors, and so on all the way
up. The marine officers, like their
naval brothers, draw less pay than
heir army relatives. Even when
there was brigadier-general of ma
rines he had less pay than his army
friends of equal rank.
Flag rank in the navy Is the rank of
rear admiral and commodore, and ap-
plies to officers entitled to command q
u Of a
,aptain commands ship of the first
class, and commanders, lieutenant
commanders and lieutenants ships of
lower classes, accoi ding to their rating.
Lieutenant commanders and lieuten-
ants also act a. executive officers to
captains on the larger ships.
An army is divided and subdivided
into corps, divisions, brigades, regi
nents, battalions and companies. An
army may be composed of two or more
corps. A corps consists of three diVi5'
i,ns. A division consists of three
Drigades, in addition to which there
may be an independent brigade of cav
alIy and an independent brigade OF
artillerv, according to the necessities OF
the case. 4 brigade usually consists OF
three regiments, although there are
sometimes more. A regiment consists
of twelve companies. A battalion con-
sists of four companies. The strength
of a company varies according to the
arm of the service or the special organ
izstion to which it is attached.
AS at present organized the army is
commanded by the ranking general,
Major General Miles. A corps is COM
manded by major general, division
bv major general or brigadier gee
eral, according TO circumstances. a
brigade is commanded by a brigadier
general, although it sometimes happens
that colonel is placed in command OF
brigade. Reg ments are commanded
by colouels, and in case of their dis
ability by lieutenant colonel; battai-
ions by majors and companies by cap
tairs. =.
General officers are all officers, line
or staff, above the grade OF colonel.
Line or regimental officers are all ON
GERS belonging to regiment. Staff OF, T.
Gcers are officers of the different stah
departments from brigsdier generals to
second lieutenants. RAgimental staff otfi-
GERS are quartermasters, adjutants, sur,
geons aud chaplains attached to regi-
ment. Field officers are colonies, lieu
Tenant colonels and majors.
In the regular establishment, under
existing law, the enlisted strength OF q
company is as follows o EN-
Infantry, 106; cavalry, 1VO, al1liie.S .
be IVY, 200; artillery, light, lio, ana Gu
gineers, $50.
There is difference in the organlza-
ton of the various branches OF the
volunteer army as at present consti.
tuted. In the volunteer establishment
company of Infantry consists OF %
privates, maximum. or So privates'
minimum: captain, first lieutenant
l second lieutenant, l first sergeant, l
ouartermaster sergeant, sergesnis, IL
corporals. , musicians, l artihcer and