The Florence daily tribune., 1898-09-29
MAMMOTH C40E.
Eshiiarating Eject OF 1t. Br~eing. Cool
and Gerinicss Air.

and 6ermicss Air.
Jonn r. Proctor, formerly state
geologist of Kentucky, writes of
"The Mammoth Cave of Kentucky
for The Century. Mr.. Proctor SAYS:
The entrance to Mammoth cave is
reached by descending picturesque
pathway leading from the hotel
down the hillside over jutting moss
and fern covered limestone cliffs in
to a beautiful glen extending from
the top of the hill down to Green
river, which is 1874 feet below the
mouth of the cave and about half a
milo distant If the weather is
warm, as we near the entrance We
step into hracing, cool. pure air,
yelling up from the cave and flow
ing down the glen beneath tbss
stratum of lighter and warmer air.
have stood near the entrance and
extended one hand into tempera-
ture of 80 degrees while the other
hand was extended into a cool, flow
ing river of air with temperature
of about 60 degrees. The air within
the cave has uniform temperature
summer and winter of 5A degrees.
The cave may be said 10 breathe
twice year-inhalir.g during the
winter and eShaling during the
summer. This breathing of the cave
and the purity of the air and its
freedom from germs are among the
most interesting problems to he
studied. BY what process the air in
the cave becomes sterilized remains
to be determined.
But our faithful negro guide has
counted the party, selected the req
uisite number of lamps, and given
the word, and we follow him in sim
gle file down the rude stone steps
into the vestibule of the cave, Turn
ing, we look up at the beautiful eff
feet of daylight which we are leav-
ing and admire the delicate cas-
cade falling from the overhanging
arch at the entrance.
Here our lamps are lighted, and
we enter this silent, mysterious,
ohangeless abode of eternal night,
where the heat of summer and the
cold Of winter, the storms and thun-
ders of the outer world never pene-
trate. A few hundred yards and we
feel the peculiar sensation of emerg-
ing into expanding space. We catch
only glimpses of white limestone
projecting out of black shadows of
the furaway walls and ceiling of an
immense, almost circular room
about 10 feet high, which our guide
proclaims the rotunda.
We note the peculiar musical eff
feet of the human voice. Years ago
it was my good fortune to hear
celebrated German musical society
sing in this rotunda l went far
away in ono of the great avenues
leading from here, blew out my
light and sat alone in the darkness
and listened while the grand an
thems rolled and reverberated
through the lofty corridors in ma
jostic waves Of melody. / could
then appreciate the inestimnble priv
ilege of the few who heard Jenny
Lind sing here and who in the star
chamber heard member of her
party render on his violin the pray
er from Der Freischutz
When the rotunda is illuminated,
we note the perfect clearness of the
atmosphere, the freedom from dust
particles of any kind, and we soon
learn that nowhere in the cave will
even dust rise upon our shoes. We
note also the exhilfrating effect of
the air upon the members of our
party. 1t is believed that the air
has become oxygenated by chemical
process; certainly, from its purity
and dryfiess, il enables one 10 mn
dergo exercise for hours without q
sense Of fatigue. Here before us is
eviCence of the wonderful dryness
of the air. The saltpeter vats erect.
ed in 1912 and the timbers which
have remained in their present posi-
ton since then show no evidences
of decay. In these watts the saltpeter
was leaohed from the nitrous earth
abounding i'll the upper and middle
dry avenues and used for the manu-
facture of gunpowder.
The war of 1912 was. fought. on
the American side, with gunpowder
made from saltpeter taken from
caves, and Mammoth cave supplied
the greater part One wonders how,
in the absence of germs and of de-
cay, the earth becomes charged with
nitrogen 1t has been claimed that
nitric acid i'll the atmosphere, com
bining with the limestone, forms nj
trate of calcium, and the disintegrat-
ed waste from the walls and ceiling
yields the great supply of nitrogen