davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1898-11-09
THE NEXT CONGRESS SAFELY
REPUBLICAN.
Roosefelt Wins Out In New York and {
Republican will Succeed Senator Murphy.
LATEST ELECTION RETURNS.

Philadelphia, Pa.-Both sides are
claiming the legislature. The result
will be very close.
Richmond, Va.-This state will send
solid democratic delegation to con-
gress.
Louisville, Ken.-The democrats won
a sweeping victory by re-electing posi-
bly, ten congressman out of eleven and
prevented the republicans from gaining
control of the court of appeals.
New York-Figuringo on the basis of
the districts already in, Roosevelt's
plurality in the state will be at least
$4,000.
Helena-The entire legislative demo-
cratic ticket of Lewis s. Clark county
probably elected. Only one member in
doubt. Nothing can be obtained from
Silver Bow.
Butte-The entire democratic ticket
elected by 1000 majority. Some figures
on head of ticket promised this after
noon, but no figures on legislative ticket
will be obtained until morning.
Returns from Lewis IL Clark county
give the following totals:-Marshall
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1898-11-09
welt 34,497, Van Wyck 37,6s3.

welt 74,497, Van Wyck 1858.
Chicago-26o precincts in Cook coun-
ty give Whitmore 2S,54S, Dunlap 29,6S3.
New York-2Io election districts out
of SS3 Manhattan " Bronx, Roosevelt
25,9II, Van Wyck 37,2I2.
Rochester, y. ", second ward-Van
Wyck, Al majority.
New York-So election districts out
of 1873 in city of New York. Roose-
welt II, a77, Van Wyck, I4,324.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
YELLOW-FEyER DIMUNEs.
six Regiments of Them Wanted
New Orleans Can Provide All.

WASHINGTON. April 27.-The Secre-
tary Of War is strongly in favor of an
amendment to the existing volunteer law
that will permit the recruiting Of at least
half a dozen special regiments of yellow
fever immunes for service in Cuba. One
such regiment has already been recruited
in Louisiana, and Senator Caffery to-day
presented letter at the War Depart
ment from the son of General Hood by
whom the regiment was organized. ten
dering its services 10 the government.
Under the existing law. there can be only
three extra regiments recruited. one OF
these is already appropriated to Or. Wood
and ex-Secretary Roosevelt for his cow
boys. who are already being designated
i'm the department as "Teddy's Terrors."
Great pressure is being brought to bear
from various quarters to secure the other
two regiments.
The Secretary Of War, it is understood.
holds that the practical value of immune
regiments is greater than the sentimental
and political claims Of various applicants
for regimental honors. He wants 600
immunes provided for. and asked Senator
Cafferv if they could be raised in the Gulf
States The Senator replied that he could
raise 2O.OO0 such volunteers in New Or
leans alone, as practically all the natives
had had the fever, and all would volun-
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
NEGRO TROOPS FROM GE0RGI,.
Question of Their EnIistmcni-
Nicthcroy's Commander Volunteers.

ATLANTA. GA, April 27.-Major +. f..
Galloway. Governor Atknson's military
secretary. left for Chickamauga tonight,
to confer with General Brooke regarding
the enlistment of negro troops from
Georgia. Major Callaway's mission is TO
inform the commander at Chckamahga
that Georgia's colored troops are anxious
to volunteer and advise with him as TO
the ACCESSIBILITY OF enlisting them direct
ly into the United States army.
Captain Charles Hill. who commanded
the Nictheroy during the insurrection in
Brazil. will leave fpr Washington on
Saturday, TO appear before the EXamin-
ing Board Of the navy. having rendered
his services. He does not think that any
volunteer will be placed i'm command of
n ship but hopes 20 be appointed a line
officer.
Colonel Peter y. Nroom, the new in
spectOr-general Of the Department OF the
Gulf. has arrived.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28

at Mobile is devoid of feature. inspection
and brigade drill for two hours In the
morning and guard mount at IN tns
evening being the only attracuens. Inc
officers and men are pleased with the
location. ard the Ninst senth' Resimsnt
members. who are fold'they vii ptobaoiy
be sent to Chickomauge. express regret.
The army bill VIII nearly double the Nam :
ber in camp here, even. IL no other regi-
ments are sent 10 Mobile fs.b :
The modified volunteers are, expected
70 camp with the regvlars.s There is an
abundance OF room t 4 etE
In. some quarters the .troops seeur
indispOsed to volunteer for duty outside
the United States. but their places VIII
oe quickly filed. The men OF some OF
the companies. especially those in Mobile.
want their company names and organiza- :
tons preserved intact. They have records
In three wars. and unless they can go as
t1esCadets. the GUARDS. etc, they do not
feel like going NJ all.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
GAGE SEES WALL STREET.
Financiers Pledge Cooperation 10
Make War loan Success.

NEW YORK, April 27.-Secretary-o -of-the
Treasury Gage arrived In New York this
morning, and in the afternoon consulted
with 4 number of well-known fnanciers
on the prospective war revenue measure
The popular loan was the most important
subject, and the financiers present pledged
their cooperation 10 make it effective.
The s!news OF war as now provided. are
ample for even an extraordinary cOntin-
gency. The actual and prospective re-
sources of the Treasury are SjJJJJ10lJ.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
BAPTIST CONVENTIONS.



Southern Baptist Convention. May 9Th
10 18th; Womans Baptist Missionary
Union May 9th 10 10Th; American Bap-
tist Educational Society and American
Historical Society, May 5th. For the
above occasions the Norfolk and West
ern railway. THE ONLY ALL-RAII.-
LINE. with Solid Nestibuled Trains. Will
sell round-trip tickets at one fare tS2) for
the round trip. Tickets on sale May I'd
to 9Th limited TO fifteen days from date
Of sale. Trains leave Richmond at A.
NJ. WESTIBULED LIMITED; NO
CHANGE OF CARS, arriving at Nor
folk ll:Zj A. NJ, and 1880 p. NJ, arriving
Norfolk at l0:40 T. VI.
For full information apply TO the Rich
nOnd Transfer Company, No. 9J3 east
Main street; B. G. Carter, ticket agent,
Byrd-Strcet G'niom Depot, or at com
pany's office, corner Ninth and Main
streets r.. W. COURTNEY,
District Passenger Agent.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
SITUATION At MATANZ,s.
Food Intended for HecOncentrados
Held for Spanish Troops.

Correspondence OF the Associated Press
MATANZAS April 2.-A new port cap
tain and naval master took charge of
the port. and the coast OF this province
yesterday. He replaces Captain Wig
nau Vignier who proceeds TO the first
class cruiser Alfonso XII, now at Ha-
bana. The new official is Captain Ri
cardo Bru y Boleadiila.
A commission OF prominent citizens has
been named TO take instant action In
providing defences for the city. BY
order Of General Molino the food sup
plies now ia store here for the rec0ncen-
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
AMERICAN bark CAPTURED.
Cargo Of Coal for Misunderstanding
pine Naval Fight Expected.

| MADRID. April y, 10 O'Clock A. NJ
| An official dispatch from Manila, capital
! Of the Philippine Islands. says the Gov
| ernor Of Iloilo, Philippine Islands an
| nounces that the Spanish gunboat Elcano
has arrived there. having captured the
| American bark Saranac Captain Barna-
| by. from Newcastle, y. s. w, on Febru-
| airy 26th for Iloilo. The Saranac had a
| cargo Of coal on board.
An official dispatch from Manila an
| nounces that the Spanish fleet has sailed
| - take up its position 10 meet the United
| States squadron. The latter had not been
sighted when the cable message was sent,
| but the American warships were expected
| at any moment
6 p Nan official dispatch has just
| been received from the Governor OF Ma
nila capital Of the Philippine Islands. i'm
which he announces that he expects
hourly TO hear of an engagement be-
tween the Spanish and American squa-
drons
There Is great rejoicing here at the news
of the capture OF. the American bark Sara
nae. at Iloilo philippine Islands.
TO PREY on OUR COMMERCE..
SP. M-There is report In circulation
here that some of the Spanish cruisers
new gathered about Manila will be used
later 10 scOur the Pacific and destroy
American cOmuTrce in those waters.
COUNTERPOISE TO CARLISM
II T. M-As a counterpoise to the grow
ing sympathy toward the Carlists among
the people since Don Carlos raised q
vigorous war-nOte against the United
States. the Spanish cardinals and pre-
lates are now assembling here, 10 visit
the queen Regent collectively, and de-
clare their adhesion to and support Of
the reigning dynasty. They will endeavor
10 convince the people that the Queen
Regent has never advocated peace at any
price. bur thoroughly participates in the
enthusiasm Of the people to defend the
honor and rights Of Spain This attitude
Of the prelates will cause sensation
through the country. greatly irritating
the Carlists.
MADRID UNNGOVED.
Tonight Madrid is absolutely unmoved.
The capture Of the American bark Sara
nae by Spanish gunboat near Manila
caused momentary excitement, but
the town is expectant Of the result Of
the action likely 10 occur or the Philip
pines and awaits the outcome with per-
feet confidence.
OUR LACK OF DASH"
This confidence in the navy is an arti-
Gle of faith with the Spaniard. The papers
politely chaf the Americans on their
want Of dash. in capturing only fishing
boats and ocean tramps."
There is strong expectation of Euro
pean complications, and an increasing
doubt in tho assumed neutrality of Eng
land II Is believed "she would join
America tomorrow. were she not deter
red by Il fear of uniting the Powers in a
crusade against the Anglo-Saxon."
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
Special Trains To Deep Run Hunt
Club Races via Il. r.. ~ a.. II. IL.

The Richmond. Fredericksburg, and
Potomac Railroad Company Will run
special trains on account Of the Deep
Run Hunt club races. to leave Elha
Thursday, April 2sth. at las Z. NJ, and
Saturday. April Both. at 2:l5 t. NJ, stop
ping at a convenient distance from the
race course. Returning Immediately
after the races on dates mentioned.
Round-trp fare % cents. Tickets on
sale at Elba thirty minutes before de-
parture Of trains. &. \ TAYLOR,
Traffic Manager.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
THE TERROR MAKES 4 CAPTURE.
smniI steamer Taken in-Prize Court
Nccts-Cataiina Case.

KEY WEST, FLA, April 2I-The
United States monitor Terror, Captain
Ludlow, captured the small Spanish
coasting steamer Ambrosio Bolivar, of
Cardenas. last night. When captured
she had $4,000 in Spanish silver aboard
i'm addition 10 a cargo of bananas. The
silver was taken on board the Terror.
The steamer was bound from Port
Iimon. Costa Rica, for Habana. when
captured of Cardnas by the monitor
She was brought in here 10y Gunner Mar
TN and q prlze-creW.
The cruiser Detroit came in 10 coal
about the same time.
The monitor Amphitrite arrived heic
this afternoon from Matanzas for coal
The prize Court Of Inquiry appointed
bv United -States-Judge Locke. AT jack
s0nviue on April 9th, 10 adjust the ques-
tions relating to the capture Of prize yes
sells. met here to-day. The board was
presided over by G.. Browne Patterson.
of this city and the proceedings were
conducted i'm secret. The findings will
not be announced until, the entire matter
In Hand has been disposed or
Tho case Of the Catalina. which was
captured by the Detroit. ana valued al
100000. was the first 10 be heard.
The work of the court VIII consist mere
lv OF taking depositions, which viii be
submitted TO the United States Court
with which the final settlement rests.
The crew Of the captured vessels have
an been offered liberty. but. as many OF
them are without friends here. they do
not care TO land In hostile city, de-
splte assurances Of protection. They Will.
therefore, probably be brought ashore
here and quartered in barracks. under
guard of Federal troops. and rauons ana
all possible comforts will be provided Tor
them.
A report from Washington to the ell
feet that the prizes would be returned TO
Spain has caused keen disappointment
among naval men here
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
THE TORPEDO-BOAT CUSHING.
Damaged by Recj<iessness of Naval
Cndet. Not by spanish.

WASHINGTON. April 27--It was learn
ed to-day that the torpedo-boat Cush-
ing is on her way north from the block
aiding squadron OF Admiral Sampson, of
Habana. in order that repairs may be
made TO her starboard engine. which is
wrecked. as the result. II is said. of an
attempt to show of her fine qualities by
Naval-Cadet Boyd. who was temporarily
i'm charge of her. The repairs. IL is said.
will take about month. and probably
will be done at the Norfolk navy-yard.
II is said that the vessel has had no
encounter of any sort with the Spanish,
and that there is nothing In the report
that the Spanish gunboat Ligara had
fred at and hit her.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
FOR Our-oF-TOwN SUBSCRIBERS.
The Picture Maine VIII BE Sent to
Our Patrons Ont OF Town.

Yielding 70 the urgent requests ot ouE
subscribers in various parts OF the state.
We have concluded 10 send the hand
some souvenir picture Of tho nl-fateG
bdttleship Maine by mail. upon the re-
ceiQt Of one coupon and cents.
II is a colored picture, Sl-fxl5. clcyerly
executed In every detail. and taken from
an oil-painting done by +. N. Atwood IN
1855 and owned by Brigadier- General II.
A. Wheeler. IL will DO found admirably
suited for framing.
In order 10 obtain the picture, cut ont
a coupon. which will be found at the bot
tom Of the last column Of the first page
Of the DISPATCH and bring or send il
TO the Dispatch with cents.
Persons desiring the picture by NAH
should be careful 10 write their names
and addresses plainly. Address PICTURE
DEPARTMENT. the Dispatch. Rich
mond Va.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
QuadrenniaI General Conference
Methodist Episcopal Church. south.
baltimore, Md, May s-2S, 1895.

Account the above occasion. the South
ern railway will sell tickets from coupon
stations on it's line. TO Baltimore, Nd,
and return. at a rate OF one first-class
fare for the round trip. Tickets on sale
May I'd, 30, and 4th, final limit returning
May 81, 1888. The rate from Richmond
to Baltimore and return for this occd-
sion will be 81 ~. Trains leave Richmond
at 1870 T. NJ, connecting al West Point
on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays
Of each week, with steamer for Balu-
more.
Further Information cheerfully furnish
ed by agents of southern railway. or
G. w. WestbUry, travelling passenger
agent, go east Main street, Richmond.
VI
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
GRANT BANQUET IN NEW YORK.
Henry Watterson speaks on "rhs
Reunited sections"

NEW YORK. April G.-The seventy
sixth anniversary Of the birthday OF
General L. $. Grant was celebrated to-
night with q banquet al the Waldorf
Astoria, under the auspices o1 the Grant
Monument Association. Two Hundred and
forty-siX guests were present. A recep-
tion preceded the banquet in the Astor
gallery.
The principal speaker was Henry wat
terson. whose subject was, The Reunited
Sections"
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
MATANZAS SHELLED.
BLOCK ADyNGA FLEET PLOUGHs UP
EARTHwORKs AND 4 BATTERY.
FORTS MAKE FEEBLE REPLY.
No Casualties ON Our side-It u
Believed There Must Have Bcen
Loss of Life to the Spa
nish.

copyrighted, 1895, by the Associated
Press)
ON BOARD THE FLAGSHIP NEW
YORK, OFF MATANzAs. April H. p.
M.-The New York. the Puritan. and the
Cincinnati bombarded the forts AT the
mouth of Matanzas harbor this after
noon. There were no casualties on our
side, but it is believed that the hail of
iron which pounded the forts must have
caused loss Of life to the spanlards,
though nothing is known definitely. The
engagement commenced at 1851 and
ceased at 1:l5. The object Of the attack
was to prevent the completion of earth
works at Punta Gorda.
a FEEBLE REPLY.
a battery on the eastward arm of the
bay opened fire on the flagship, and this
was also shelled. About twelve S-inch
shells were fired from the eastern forts,
but all fell short. About five or six light
shells were fred from the half-completed
battery. Two of these whizzed over the
New York and one fell short The ships
left the bay for the open sea, the object
of discovering the whereabouts of the
batteries having been accomplished. In
the neighborhood Of three hundred shots
were put on land from the three ships,
at a range from tOo0 to 1900 yards.
Rear-AdmiraI Sampson. when asked if
he was atisfed with the result, said:
yes. | am. l expected to be-"
The half-completed Spanish earth
works and battery were apparently all
ploughed up by the shells.
CRAFTSMANSHIP GOOD.
All the ships engaged showed excel
lent craftsmanship throughout the en-
gagement. and when they were firing at
the shortest range nearly every shell
took effect.
The forts which were bombarded were
on a low-lying point. and were consid-
cred merely earthworks. They did not
make a good target. yet when the big
guns were fired at the shortest range
portions of the fort could be seen flying
in the air at every shot.
The flagship returned to Habana, and
the Puritan and the Cincinnati were left
on the MatdnZas station.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
CHESAPEAKE AND ONO
Sunday Outings Begin May Ist-GO
with Them.

Owing to the interest in war prepara-
ticns at Old Point, Norfolk, and vicinity,
the Chesapeake and Ohio railway have
decided TO begin their high-class Sunday
Outing trains next Sunday May lst
These trains leave Richmond every
Sunday at $3.50 A. NJ. with connections at
Old Point for Norfolk via ocean View,
and hourly trains Tor Newport News.
Returning. leave Old Point al 1880 p. NJ
The Sunday outing trains are composed
Of vestibuled, electric-lIghtcd coaches OF
the highest standard and run on fast
time making no intermediate stOps-with
abundant room for an. and should not
be classed as an excursion train.
The rate OF 81 for the round trip Will
be charged TO either old Point Ocean
View, or Norfolk
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
"UncIe sam" Pays the Freight.

WASHINGTON. April 2L-The War De-
partment has issued the following circu-
lar bearing on the expenses incurred by
the volunteer troops between the time
OF their enrolment and the time OF their
muster into the United States:
"All absolutely necessary expenses for
transportation and general maintenance
of the volunteers between their enlist
ment and their being sworn into the
service of the United STATES; also. all in
cidental expenses connected Herewith,
such as the hire of offices. clerks, mes
sengers, etc. for mastering officers, will
be met b. the United States"
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28

trados will be held subject to his orders.
I'm case they. may be needed to feed the
soldiers. who viii attempt to maintain
Spains sovereignty during the approach
ing conflict
The military and ciyH authorities ara
getting ready 30 erect barricades. The
city it Is said. will be ready to make a
loyal and stroqg resistance If an invasion
is attempted.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
Looking For the spaninrIs.

27-RepOrts 10 mercantile firms here
from English and Spanish agents mdi-
cate that the Spanish fleet from the Cape
Verde Islands is likely 10 show up first
in this locality. hoping 10 obtain coal
here. As there is no British garrison or
naval squadron here 10 prevent a breach
of the neutrality laws the Colonial gov
eminent is consulting with the Imeprial
Cabinet as tO what tO do i'm such an
emergency.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
THE LATEST WAR NEWS.
Information Up to the Moment of
Going to Press.

KEY WEST. April 27.-The Norwegian
steamer Ito Captain Bryde, from Phila-
delphia for Cardenas, with l,2J0 tons OF
coal. attempted to run the blockade yes
terday, but she was summarily turned
back to Key West. where she arrived
this afternoon.
ANOTHER LITTLE PRIZE.
The monitor Terror on Saturday took
q little prize. the news Of which was first
learned tO-day-the Spanish schooner
Saco, with cargo Of sugar Paymaster
Sampson and three other men were put
on board as "A prize crew, and ordered 10
bring her here. They had not arrived up
10 this evening. and il is said the
Saco has not been sighted No alarm Is
felt. however, as all the Spaiards but the
captain were taken off the schooner. She
may have been delayed by the recent
rough weather.
Incoming boats to-day report the block
ade situation unchanged. and all peace
ful about the Habana department of the
feet
FOOTE AGAIN FIRED on.
A report came from Cardenas, however,
on good authority. although otherwise
uncOnfrmed, that the torpedo boat FOote,
which drew fire from the Matanzas bat
teries a few days ago. was fired upon
again to-day b. three gunboats and two
torpedo-boat that were laying mines IN
Cardenas harbor The Foote was unin-
jured.
VOLUNTEERS OK THE MARCH
WASHINGTON. April 27.-Word was
received here tonight 10 the effect that
the National Guard i'm number of
A.. - .faffx
state camps, intense enthusiasm being
manifested at the departure Of the troops.
JAPAN WANTS TO HELP Us.
YOKOHAMA. April H.-The leading
journals urge Jdnan to consent to
Americas buying Japan's two cruisers,
now building in the United States
EXODUS FROM PHILIPPINES
LONDON, April 2S.-Many Spanish ves-
sells. according to d dispatch from Ma
Mia 10 the Daily Telegraph, are leaving
the Philippines crowded with passen-
gers. and carrying much treasure. The
dispatch says the American squadron is
anticipating rich prizes.
ARTILLERY FOR TAMPA.
CHICKAMAUGA NATIONAL PARK.
GA. April 27.-Iate tonight it was learn
ed on good authority that orders had been
received from Washington for the i'm
mediate shipment TO Tampa. Fla. Of Two
OF the light batteries OF artillery now
stationed at Chickamauga Park.
Generals Lee and Wheeler are Just past
the sixties. and both are well preserved.
The President asked Governor oates II
he proposed entering the military ser
vice. to which he answered that he was
ready 70 do 80 if his service were re-
quired. Governor Oates is one-armed
Confederate veteran with brilliant war
record
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
MARYLAND REGIMENT REBELS.
The Fourth Breaks Camp and Re-
turns To Its Armory.

BALTIMORE. MD. April 27.-The
Fourth Regiment, Maryland National
Guard has broken camp at Pimlico and
returned TO lis armory in this city. 1t is
reported they have rebelled because Of
dissatisfaction at not having been assign
ed 10 active scr l.'e b. General Wilmer.
the Fifth being assigned to that honor.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
signaI-stations i'm Florida.

JACKSONVILLE FLA. April IA
detachment of the Jacksonville division
Of The naval militia will leave tomorrow
10 establish signal stations at Cape Cana
veral Jupiter Inlet and Cape Florida.
on the lower Florida East coast Their
duties will be TO report all passing ves-
sells.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28

CHARLESTON. 5. G.. April 27-The
annual reunion Of the South Carolina Di-
vision. United Confederate Veterans
opened here to-day. About 1900 old sol
diers are i'm attendance. and great en-
thusasm is displayed by them, in spite
of very inclement weather. The reunion
will continue tomorrow.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1898-04-28
AFTER AMERICAN YACHTS.
Spanish Torpedo Boat Destroyer
Looking for such Graft.

LONDON, April 2S-According TO spe-
cial dispatch from Cadiz. the new tor
pedo-boat destroyer Destructor accom-
panied by three torpedo-boats. sailed yes
terday "Wednesday for Tarifa and Ceuta.
probably TO attempt to capture American
yachts in the Mediterranean.