davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

New Yorlis six day race will again
be run next December and in the face
Of the adverse legislation Of the great
body known as the national assembly
Of the League Of American Wheelmen.
If run on the usual plan it will have to
be run without the sanction Of tho
League Of American Wheelmen, and
yet it is to be run. Among the men who
usually ride in the race, and many Of
whom have not done well all through
the present season, there is no hesitan-
cy in saying that the race will have the
usual entries. Charlie Miller, now rae
ing with great success in France, is to
ride in the contest and Jaap Eden is
in France looking up foreign entries for
the contest. All of those men so free
ly reported as wrecks for life from the
contest of last season, have been the
liveliest wrecks this season ever
known and all will ride again. In fact.
most Of them are in training now.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

Many improvements are to be made
in the battery bicycle lamp for next
seasons trade. Each cell CT the bat
terry will be made in one piece, with
the sides tapered in thickness to with
stand the jolts which have heretofore
caused them TO crack where the thin
sides Of the vulcanite chamber joined
the heavier top or cap. The company
states that these lamps are being ex-
tensiyely used as carriage lights and
that 60 per cent of the trade in them
is done with foreign countries, one
Trinidad agent alone having taken
2,OOO Of them. The manufacturers are
getting out an office and house lamp
of fourteen candle power operated by
eight Fuller batteries designed to be
set in neat box in an unconspicuous
place and connected with the bulb by
the usual insulated wires. The selling
price of this stationary lamp and bat
terry is made very low during the sum
mer months, when the demand for the
bicycle lamps is slack After being
once set mp, this lamp requires no more
care than the usual incaEdesccnt lamp
and can be turned on and off at will.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
Flat Forks and Long Hea5s

A Quincy, o., dealer expresses the
sound belief that manufacturers have
it in their own hands to resist any IN
reasonable demand on the part of tho
rider, and especially punctures the
supposition that dealers favor very
short heads in the bicycles which
they shall sell. He writes as follows,
There is one thing in cycle con-
struction that l have watched closely
and find my idea agrees with some of
the manufacturers. There Is a ten
dency Of some manufacturers to use
round or nearly round D tubing in the
rear braces and rear stays. I do not
believe they are nearly as good as the
fat ones; besides, the rear adjustment
can not be made as close as where thew
use the fiat or oval tubing. The Ra-
cycle has, for one, an oval or nat,li
rear fork, but mas round braces. The
fat or oval forks are strong enough to
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

Lorenzo Perosi, the rising star in tn.
Italian armament of music, has already
done sufficiently we'll to fix him in his
scat of fame forever. Perosi is musical
director Of the famed Cathedral of ST.
Mark in Venice, and his compositions
have made him the ideal of Italy, espe-
cially Of the Venetian public. He has
written trilOGy of oratories called the
Sacred Trilogy." They are THE Pas
sion of Christ" THE TRANSPORTATION
of Jesus Christ" and THE Resurrection
of Lazarus" Each oratorio is in two
parts, so arranged that the parts may
be sung separately. Record, the great
musical publisher Of Italy, has pur-
chased these compositions and has COM
missioned the composer to write a
fourth, to be entitled "The Holy Sepul-
chre." Perosis first teacher was his
father, Giuseppe Perosi, choirmaster
in Tortona, Piedmont, where Lorenzo
was born. He was afterward sent by
the patronage Of wealthy Milanese to
the conservatory at Milan. He also
studied and travelled in Germany. He
filled various posts as director in
churches until he received his commits.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

about 1000 students The univsssIty
embraces three separate schools. one
OF Japanese law, one of political sci
ence and one Of literature. The counts
house is delight. IL combination OF the
modern and the ancient Japanese. In
the front his rooms are carpeted, paper
ed and equipped in European style,
while In the rear sections we find the
little japanese porches, sliding scroens
and papered windows. His grounds
and garden ere as finc as anything in
Japan. IIe has, indeed an ideal rural
home. His pc3tolce address is 70
Shimo Totsukamura Minami Tcshlma
CORA.
Count Okuma is happily married an;.
dearly loves the geclusion Of his own
home. His wife, the countess, is
lady OF quiet demea1or and proves an
admirable hostess at their numerous
and ever hospitable receptions. The
lady has many friends among the no.
bility and the youth OF the land. She
takes great interest in the Semmon
Galko and Invariably graces the COM
mencements and other public occasions
with her presence.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

where he attended congress to devise
means of aiding the sick and wounded
in battle. Meanwhile, it should have
been said, the count had spent a brief
time as an officer of the legation in
Paris, to which city he was again sent
in 1880, and after stay there Of four
years he was advanced to the position
Of councillor Of embassy at Berlin.
Muravieff was now rising toward the
top of his career and his ambition. In
1893 he was given the first very i'm
portant position of his profession,
which was the ministry to Denmark.
He was charge d'affaires in Berlin at
the time Of Bismarcks fall, and it is
said that his dispatches home concern
ing that matter were the admiration
of the diplomats of Europe.
Some say that it was a lucky day for
the count when he was given the mis-
sion to Copenhagen, for it is the GUS
tom OF the imperial family to spend
their summers with their cousins on
the Baltic. But perhaps there was
more design than chance in the ap-
polntment. At any rate, Muravieff
was then given an opportunity TO meet
his imperial master in relations 80
personal and confidential as seldom fall
to the lot of a Russian. Whatever
has been the past career of Muravieff
there can be no question that his fu
ture is bound up irrevocably with that
of the czar. His appointment to the
foreign portfolio last year was a sur
prise to the world at large, although
not to those who knew how well the
Muravieffs have been regarded by the
czars. 1t matters little whether Mura-
yieh or the czar was the originator OF
the peace plan. Both will 20 down in
history with equal shares CT the glory
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

sociation for the Advancement OF Sci
ence, is the state geologist Of Ohio and
one Of the most widely recognized ex-
perts in geology in the country. He Is
native of New York state, where his
father was a Presbyterian clergyman.
He took his classical course in Hamil-
ton college and afterward studied in
Lane Seminary under the famous DR..
Lyman Beecher. Feeling called to the
profession of science, DR.. Orton enter
ed the Lawrence School at Harvard
When he left that institution he gave
himself up to education and served
many colleges in the chair of the pro-
fessOr and the president He was made
president Of the State Agricultural col
lege in 1872 and at the same time was
professor Of geology in that school. In
1881 he gave up the presidency but re-
tanned his chair. One year later DR..
Orton was made state geologist, a post
he has filled with distinction ever since,
In recognition Of his splendid services
to Ohio and education one of the great
buildings of the state university was
given the name Of OrtOn Hall in his
honor. The geologists have been very
forward in the work Of the American
association and Dr. Orton's reputation
ranks with most of the eminent geolO-
gists who have been concerned with
the association since its foundation His
researches are known all over the
world
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
Mott UphOlds Taylor.

Major Taylor will enter the national
circuit races at st. Louis. The cycling
promoters were opposed to his doing so
and refused to permit him to ride, on
The ground OF his color. Chairman
Mott vas appealed TO and notified the
promoters that he would not grant
them sanction for national circuit
date unless they agreed to receive the
entry of Taylor. They saw there was
no alternative for them and notified Mr..
Mott they would receive Taylor's entry
and would ask for national circuit
date.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

Keen and far-sighted judgment, had
previously urged the necessity of
changing policy that held aloof from
political parties. But he met with no
support, so he resigned. and in doing
70 he recommended to the emperor as
his successor Count Okuma. The en-
peror summoned Counts Okuma and
[tagaki to the court, and they were in
trusted with the task Of cabinet for
nation, with the result that Okuma
accepted the premiership and at the
same time became minister of foreign
affairs. The change in the ministry
was at once announced and went into
effect at once. Count Okuma is a ma
tive of Hizen, province of Kyusyu
island, and is nearly GO years old. But
he still calls himself young man. His
father was one Of the HiZen clan, but
was not blessed with an abundance of
this worlds goods. Meager as his op-
portunities were, Okuma never neglect
ed an opportunity to cultivate the emf
nent scholars and leading men of his
time, and he learned to take deep in
terest in the affairs of his country. In
1877 the Saigo rebellion took place, and
following that the nations finances be-
came exceedingly disordered. 1t was
then that he was appointed minister of
finance, and demonstrated his keen
Judgment in matters Of state. He lat
er found himself at the head of the
foreign Office. Count Okuma is active
in developing the modern sciences in
Japan. In 1880, with that far-sighted
study Of the nations needs which char
ncterizes all his movements, he found
ed an institution Of learning for young
men. just across the way from his
residence, in a suburb of Toxic, known
as Waseda, he erected the first build
ings, and endowed the institution with
100000. This is known as the Toxic
Sammon Gakko, and 1t has enjoyed
great prosperity. There are at present
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

stand any strain and they admit os q
wider hanger, without making a wider,
tread. There is another serious obiec-
ton coming forth in regard to short
heads. The demand is for short heads,
low dropped hanger, and low cranks.
Nine out Of every ten never stop to.
think of the folly of short heads, until
they have their heads broken and
iEen they condemn the wheel or maker.
Long cranks, such ae seven inches, are
all right, but the hanger ohould not be
dropped over 21a inches. The craze for
30-inch wheels next season will be
what the manufacturers make it. 1t
VIII not be q popular wheel, in my es-
tim2ticn, for the reason that the frame
VIII be made higher or the hanger have
less drop, in order 10 avoid the ex-
trcme short head. While these things
are in demand by the riding classes,
they can DE largely controlled by the
manufacturers
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

ordinarily. The drop Of the hanger
may be Increased one inch, but that
means only change OF frame angles,
as the height Of wheel centers is at
the same time increased by one inch.
The seat OF the rider in relation to the
ground remains unchanged If the leg
reach Shall remain a fit 10 the riders
stature. The usual gain from lower
ing the crank hanger is therefore net
experienced BY the extra drop obtain
cd on machines with large wheels. In
deed. this advantage Of being nearer
the ground can under no circumstances
be obtained on a bicycle driven by
rotary cranks, without diminishing the
distance between pedal and feet and
the ground-and taking the conse-
quences-or changing to the bent-knee
style OF riding. ii the latter Is not ac-
cepted as desirable the top tube in Il
bicycle with 30-inch wheels is therefore
at the same height above the ground at
the seat cluster as in the every day
bicycle. II this top tube must further
more remain horizontal, the top Of the
steering head must also remain at
the old height above the ground. This
determines the length Of a steering
mead in machine with 3O-inch wheels
OF which the rider may expect that it
Will tit his stature and his style OF rid
ing i'll the same manner as did the
machine with 2S-inch wheels to which
he was accustomed. All the rider needs
to know is the length of the steering
head on the Old machine If this was
six inches, the steering head in the
large wheeled machine which shall fit
him similarly must be two inches
shorter or four inches long.
In the old machine the forks were
about sixteen inches long, reckoning
from wheel axle to lower head bear
ings. a shock at the axle equal to
200 pounds at right angles with the
steering head would on the old ma
chine operate with leverage Of 1G to
Oh the upper head bearings, exert
ing a pressure On these equal to 533
pounds. On the lower head bearings
the leverage would lie % to G, and the
pressure in the lower ball bearings
would therefore be 1873 pounds. Ev-
erybOdy knows how many balls have
been crushed and how many fork
stems broken under this pressure In
the machine with 30-inch wheels the
head in the machine fitting the same
man in the same manner, is four inches
long, and the lever arm from lower
ball bearings to wheel axle is II inches
CT thereabouts. Under the shock re-
ierred to- the pressure on upper bear
ing3 will therefore be 825 pounds. and
on the lower bearings ] ,125 pounds. If
the rider wants to shorten his reach
in ths large-wheeled machine the steer
ing head will be still shorter and the
pressure still greater. With a three
inch head the aforementioned shock,
which may readily be sustained if tires
are blown hard and the road is rough
and hard also, would result in a stress
OF 1888 pounds in the lower bearings
With nine-inch head on the contrary
and 2S-inch wheels, the same shock
would be reduced to 400 pounds.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

made up in these mental qualities
which have won for him the respect
and admiration of his people. 1t is
'afe to say that no foreign power will
attempt to trifle with Okuma. What
Ii Hung Chang is to China Count
oXuma Is to Japan, and more, for he
represents the people of Japan. In his
recent elevation to the premiership the
death knell OF the government OF the
SLAMS was sounded ana Japan now en-
Joys the comparative freedom Of party
cule. 1t is really revolution in Jap
anese politics and the people are at
least assured OF representation. Count
Okuma is the father Of the reforma
tion. He has had ample experience in
Ehe past as minister of finance and min
6ter of foreign affairs. In order to
thoroughly understand the situation it
Is first necessary to take brief survey
OF Japanese politics. For the last thir-
ty years Japan has been ruled by the
ministry composed of the mobiles of Sat
sam and Choshu. There were times
when Tosa and Hizen men were mem
bers of the cabinet, but the latter were
gradually frozen out, and of recent
years all the important government po-
sitions have heen filled by represen-
satives Of the two famous clans. Japan
suffered long ond patiently under this
yoke Of clan government, but finally
the clamoring of the people for q
change resulted in the establishment Of
the diet in 1880, and at once it became
the mouthpiece of the peoples discon
tent. An address to the throne charg-
Ing the government with mis-adm inis-
tratiOn or vote of nom confidence in
fhe reigning ministry or the rejection
OF an important government measure
became the usual feature of the diet.
The government would reply with
either suspension or dissolution. The
clan government managed to continue
Its existence, as there were no political
parties strong enough to overthrow t.
The liberals and the progressivcs, the
two leading parties, were always at
toggefheads, but On recent measure
involving taxations they united their
Eorces. The leaders of the two parties,
Count Okuma and Count Itagaki, got
together and as a result the great pop
alar party under the name Of "kensei-
TO-" or constitutional party, was born.
The Inauguration ceremonies Of the
new party were conducted on June 20.
AS a result Of this Marquis Ito resigned
the premiership and his example was
followed by all the other cabinet min
listers. Marquis Ito. himself man CT
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
Oil-Tight ErarinE,

In this Australian invention, which
has Eeen patented in all the principal
countries, an oblique groove Is turned
in the cone into which is sprung
semi-feXiblc elastic washer. In tho
cup there is circular recess to hold
oil and the elastic washer is designed
to press against one side of the recess
and therefore keep the oil in and the
dust out. BY adjustment for wear, 1t
is understood. the pressure OF the
elastic washer is somewhat affected,
but perfect contact OF the washer with
the wall of the recess is always main
tanned. The adjustment is designed
to be locked by means of a serrated
plate integral with the cone-or, in an
other construction than that illustrat-
ed, with the cup-which interacts with
the serratcd inner side Of the fork
end. The Illustrations show the in
vention as applied to a hub and also
TO crank shaft bearing. The main
idea is the avoidance Of felt washers by
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

only to be expected, as every Christian
acclesiastic must, perforce, speak for
peace. But here is a man who is the
nearest and most powerful adviser of
the greatest autocrat of the ages strlk-
ing at the very root Of war. For it is
believed that although Muravieff ap-
pears as the mere mouth piece Of the
great czar. it is he himself who per-
suaded young Nicholas into taking this
tremendous step.
The conQuests OF Alexander and Han
nibal, of Caesar and Constantine, OF
Mohammed and Napoleon become in
significant facts OF history when COM
pared with the grand peace proposal
that was uttered from the lips Of Mura-
Vleff to the ambas saGors of the world
at st. Petersburg. While it is true that
the czar will get the credit in the pub
lie discussions for the startling and
eminently Christian proposal, the name
or Muravieff cannot be disassocia.ed
from it. Whether it was the idea of
Muravieff or of the car history will
never know. The best diplomatic tai
ent in Washington cannot pronounce
upon this difficult question. At the
same time the general opinion in dip
lomatic circles is that the conception
and the design were those of the crafty
statesman rather than of the ruler OF
all the Russias. 1t is not to be ex-
pected, SO say the experts in Washing
ton, that the young car could conceive
and execute such superb idea as that
Of universal peace foreycrmore. The
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
French Imports and Exports.

The imports OF cycles and parts into
France for the year 1897 were valued
at S1,375 800 as against s1,336, 500 in
1896 and s1929, 900 in 1895. The French
exports for 1897 were valued at $1,S91,- :
115 as against Sl252 50t in 1896 and
only sS35,500 in 1895. The prime pal
customer for French bicycles appears
to be Belgium.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

Sion at st. Marks. Although ne is but
27 years old, and did so much good
work as a musician. he found time to
study theology for the priesthood and
was ordained in 1898. He has written.
besides his grand composition no less
than twelve masses. 1t Is said his re-
cent work has shown the influence OF
Bach strongly. but does not follow any
master.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
IL TrOvatore Wheel.

Tie III Troyatore" wheel, made in
Germany, has a musical contrivance
fixed to the handlebar and worked by
the front wheel, and plays over SOC
tunes. 1t can be stopped by spring
and set on again for half an hour, and
SO on, ad insIitun, until the machins
wears out.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
GIVES THEM THE LIE.
ENEMIES OF RUSSIA REPUiSED
BY MURAVIEFF.
lie Has Made Himself ,rtal--Thc
Darbar.ans" of Northern Europe the
First to Present Plans for Universal
reace and Good VIII.

ICHAEL Muravieff
has made himself
immortal. lie is the
first statesman to
propose q universal
peace by the dis
maatlcmcIt OF all
the armies of Eu-
rope. Pope Leo
XIII. proposed the
same thing long
ago. but that was
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
Ovoryyorked.

How these farmers do complain OF
being cverworked" Some cf 'em
have right to. l know one who was
against the shell game, bought gold
brick and got a set Of Knockout drops
all in the same week."-Indianapo!is
Journal.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
Acetylene La mp Design.

The design covers the form of lamp
body and reflector. The important
point in the design comprises a body
Of cylindrical shape with rounded ends
and a reflector attached which has
flaring sides and a smoke hood upon
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

Its upper side. Jewel side lights are
placed in each side of the reflector and
the design drawing shows three ball
shaped feet on the lower end Of the
lamp body in order to allow the lamp
to be set down without danger of tip
ping over.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
THE EFRIEND RUSSIA
GikADO'S MAN SEES LIGHT IN
THE EAST.
&c Ia Count Okuma, and Hc Is Japan's
rremier--Emplre Now in tho Hands
ct Strong Party Man-Eeyolution In
japanese Politics.
H7 NEW

NEW figure has
sprung into the po-
litical arena CT the
worlds II a t i ons-
the figure OF a lit
tie Jap with one
leg. He is Count
Shigenobu Okuma
the new premier Of
Japan, and what he
lacks in a ysical
sense Is more than
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

placing the elastic metal washer in
an obliqne position so as to maintain
contact, even if wear or adjustment
changes the relative position of cups
and cones
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25
NOTES OF THE WHEEL.
MATTERS OF INTEREST pEy-
OTEES OF THE BICYCLE.
Some Points abou, the Machine That
VIII 10 in Vogue Next Season Some
of the Latest Inventions In ,.e Way
of Appliances.
Tho '99 STYLE.

n a bicycle proyid-
ed with 30-inch
wheels the rider
can not, as fle-
quently supposed,
lie nearer to III .
ground than on a
bicycle with 28-
inch wheels. His
feet must pass at
the Sorlc distance
t1.,,., ,bn cr,n,,r,yJ 80
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

The joke SOU play on another fellow
is mean trick when he plays it On
you.
The Philipsburg mail., 1898-11-25

lrCm the ground as
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1898-11-18
Injured.

Fred Tr"~k was hurt Thursday
while working ut the planning mill.
There IL n shaft at the west ride Of
thu nil ~n" Il IL kent continually re-
vOlviuH for IN" purpose ~ Yelling
loads III M1n''rr int, the mill A.
near M could br learned tr had u
rope fHs tened to the 4hnt, No that he
could tn-t,n IL a. uuni th+ extremely
long boa ".I@ t., starr Them. 1t was
In this r.'i" l." '"cH'" c',ght VA
wal being 'lrA WI 4" ~" sh"T. The
rape war cut to- another work man
preventing M.,,re ~ riuu- l. jury.
Az 1t was his right hand and part ~
the arm was hm'li.: bruised md cut.
Some. ~ The lu)nrs ~ The hand were
broken. The wound was dr. kSed by
Dr. Roberts.