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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
\ DAIRY

To the admirers of fine dairy cattle. a
visit To the farm Of Hon. L. L. Braswell,
~ Battleboro. y. c.. j. Il rich treat.
Some fifteen or twenty years since. Nj.
Rra>welIS tiilable land. which WIS ma
turally very productive. began To show
that loss of fertility which must inc
yitahly follow continuous cropping with
cotton and tobacco In addition to the
tiIlable portion the estate comprises con-
siderable area of lowlands, which are
subject to periodical foundations. Upon
these lowlands Il rank underground of
reeds and coarse bu nutritious grasses
flourish. To the proprietor it became
clear that a vast amount Of plant food
vaS annually lost in the decay of this
rubbish, which was also Il source of
great annoyance along the water-courses
The problem then resolved itself into how
best 10 utilize this waste and preserve
the plant food for the use of the Guilt
waited crops.
Mr.. Braswell finally determined TO try
grazing cattle on the lowlands during
the day and ward them near the cult
waited fields during the nighttime, and
III this manner to save at least Il part
Of the plant food needed. He accord
ingly stocked mp with a lot of native
cows. which he hoped to max bear II
portion of the cost Of the project by the
returns from the milk and butter sold.
At the end of the first year he was
agrceably surprised at the showing made
He says that the sum realized on that
years operations was not to he de
Spi>ed.'
From this he wisely concluded that if
native COWS would give such fair re-
turns in the dairy. pure-bred dairy ami
-,.- 40
He then selected and purchased some Of
the best bret. Jerseys to be found in
Virginia and Pennsylvania. At the pres
ent his herd consists Of one hundred
and twenty-five pure-bred and high
grade COWS and calves.
The products of Mr.. BrISweIls dairy
enjoy an enviablc reputation. supplying
as they do a large local trade and con.
siderable custom from beyond the Dor
dcrs Of the State. If the products or
this dairy could be increased sufficiently
Il trade requiring several times the pres
ent output would soon be built up.
Many other planters III the eastern
portion of the State have lands almost,
if not quite, identical III character to
those Of Mr.. BraSwcll. These lands are
rapidly decreasing in productiveness.
This loss can be entirely prevented. and
1t 1tlI lIolt Ildtt. ny dtulllS al lew
well-brcd dairy COWS to the farming out
fit and starting Il small dairy. which
may soon develop into an important
industry. Is not this one Of the EASIEST
and best methods to be pursued by the
Southern farmer i'll his effort to free
himself from the one-crop dependency
system!
J. NJ. JOHNSON.
Assistant .Agriculturist, \. {. Expert
ment Station.
Note.-If the above suggestion is fol-
lowed. and the dairy for half Il dozen or
more herds started together as one. Il
more e,en product can be put out at
much less cost for apparatus and hand
ling. and better appliances for doing the
work can be afforded.
FRANK l.. EMERY.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
Assistant Ag%riculturist y. {. ENper
THE STRAWBERRY MOVEMENT
The Record Broken Away Ahead Of
the Greatest Shipment Last Year.
Wilmington Messenger.

Wilmington Messenger.
The strawberry season along the At
lantic Coast Lin having closed several
days ago. the record of the movement
has been made up and it shows that the
shipment was 265.61o crates or S.499. $50
quarts. This includes the shipment from
Chadbourn TO GOldsboro. The estimated
average price nctted for berries was $
cents per quart and the money value Of
the crop IS consequently S6I9,914.4O.
The shipment this season has exceed
ed that of last season by over 100. 900
crates. The movement last year exceed
cd all previous shipments. This seasons
shipment along the Wilmington and VOL
don railroad from Wilmington to Colds
horo amounted to COST crates. The
greatest for any one day was on May
Bird when 1880 crates were moved.
Several days the shipments went ahead
of any day last year. The one days
shipment on the Bird required Ga cars,
which would make Il train a half mile
long. The largest shipment last wear
was also on May 3rd and was 12.2S3
crates.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

n Texas school teacher has written ia
all the dictionary makers in America a
letter suggesting hat as Il compliment
to Commodore Dewey a new verb be
added to the English language. to-wit:
"Dewey-to wipe out. annihilate. de-
strOy." He has written to all the State
superintendent of schools requesting
them to press the matter. The dictionary
makers cannot comply with this request
until the word is in general use. They
do not make words; they only record
what is general and correct usage.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
HOBSON'S CHOICE.

Since the brave ledt VI hltht'h"hl
Hobson at Santiago. there has been a
revival of interest i'll the meaning OF
..Hobson's choice" which has hereto
fore meant the worst horse In the
stable. The New York World gives the
new meaning by a happy cartoon repre-
senting Uncle Sam and Lieutenant Hob-
son standing III front of a table on
which is spread medals bearing the IN
scriptions. "Courage,' Sand Hero
ism 'Promotion.' Honor" Dewey
ism" and Uncle Sam defining Hobson
choice to mean Take >em all. my boy.
Mr.. l.. n. Florence, writing to the
New York Times from 1onkers. \. L.,
undertakes to give the origin of the
phrase. 'Hobson's choice:
During Shakespearc's and Milton $
time if was the custom for gentlemen
IT, ride home from the theatre OH horse
lack. hiring the horse. as we do Il cab.
at Il stand. Naturally each one wished to
have the best horse. and much confu-
sion enSued. while some poor ANIMALS
were never taken. A university carrier
and the first keeper of a hackney stable
mt Cambridge. England, named
Thomas tor Tobias HoDson, 1544-
163n. conceived the plan of placing his
horses in line and forcing his custo e.rs
to take the one nearest the door of the
theatre. 1t then became no longer Il mat
ter of personal selection. but of Hob
sons choice'-that is. this or none
Milton wrote two poems dedicated to
Hobson. one of which | append:
ION THE UNIVERSITY CARRIER.
who sickened in the time Of his vacancy,
being forbid to go to London by reason
of the plague.
Here lies old Hobson. Death hath broke
his girt.
Ana here. alas. hath laid him in the
dirt:
Or else. the ways being foul, twenty to
He's here stuck in a slough and over
thrown.
Twas such Il shifter that, if truth were
known.
Death was half glad when had he got
him down;
For he had any time this ten years full
Dodged with him betwiXt Cambridge
and The Bull
And surely death could never have pre-
Had not his weekly course of carriage
failed:
But lately. finding him SO much at home.
And thinking now his journeys end was
come.
And that he had ta'en up his latest inn,
In kind of office of a chamberlin.
Showed him his room where he must
lodge that night,
Pulled off his boots, and took away the
light.
If any ask for him it shall be said,
'Hobson has supped, and 5 newly gone
to bed"
A writer of the New York Telegram
gives his idea in verse of the new mean
ing of "HobSon's choice":
His to do and never ask,
What the peril of the task;
His to brave the sullen foe,
His to strike the daring blow.
That was Hobson's choice.
Down into the jaws of Death,
In the battles Scorching breath,
Went he with his sturdy crew,
Nor the danger ever knew.
This was Hobson's choice.
His to face the screaming shell,
Face it bravely. face it We'll;
Playing for Il glorious stake.
l,lSkIng all for country'S sake.
This was Hobson's choice.
SO. my lads, no longer scorn
This old saw. so slowly born.
But whene'er YOU chance to hear
The old thing get up and cheer
For HobSon's choice"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
L. :. DEPARTMENT OF AGEI
CULTURE.
Climate and Crop Bulletin Of Ncaf.
Bureau. North Carolina Section. W.
Ending Monday. May Both.

Excepting the 2Gtt and 9th. vH..
were Il little cool. the weather dur..-
the past week was warm. with alteTH.'.
sunshine and showers. very bench
and causing an Improvement III the .#
pcarancc of all crops. Only 4 few pu
did not receive sufficient moisture. WI
in many counties cultivation has hu
hindered by excessive rains, permit.
weeds and grass to make too much ht.|
way. Some farmers have ploW'i cnr#
the second and third times. ChoII1r-
cotton to n stand is progressing rapidly
Transmitting tobacco is practically
complcfcd: the stand * excellent. tut
ting oats has commenced. There Is $3.50
increasing diversity i'll crop condition
but the outlook is becoming more fay"E
able.
Eastern biStrict.-A warm. sunny
week. with frequent showers. proved g..
be very beneficial to MI growing crop.
Southern counties suffering from drought
last week have received sufficient rain.
fall: in northern counties. especially
Edgccombe. Gates. Nash. also portion
of Craven. Carterct and Wayne. too
much rain washed lands considerable
and stopped farm work. In these coun
ties grass and weeds are cndangcriu-
crops. Some local hail storms caused
minor damage. Corn has been worked
and is ready to work again; both corn
and cotton. though small. are looking
very we'll. Tobacco is growing nicely
Irish potatoes are being dug and shipped
\ great many sweet potatoc slips were
set ont this week. Cutting oats has boz
gun. with very fair prospects. The appIr
tree borer Chrysobothris fcmorata. Fab1
is damaging apple trees To some extent iH
the east.
Central District.-Thc woathcr this
week has caused much improvement iu
crops. 1t is still rather dry in southern
counties. while in many central auI
northern counties FREQUENT rains have
kept the ground too wct to pillow. aud
weeds are making much hteadway. Gro.
III low grounds We're injured by oxcosSiva
rams. chiefly in Durham. Johnston.
Wake. Person and Northampton couu
ties. \ severe rain and hail storm &C..
Cured from Auburn TO the Ncusc river
on the 26th. Both corr and cotton hay.
made excellent growth. Bud worms and
potato bugs continue their dcprcdatiou-
Tobacco has all been ranSplantcd the
stand IS very good. Harvesting oats has
commenced. Cherries and ~blackbcrrire
are rlpen1ng. Melons and vegetables have,
greatly improved.
Western DiStrict.-Thcrc were hut
Few sections III this district which did
not receive fine rains this week. and
Wnlle IN some counties. especially IredcIl
taharrus and Henderson. the rainfall
was quite heavy ana washed land some.
what. the condition of crops ON the
Whol" has improved. Far work is gen
really well mp. Crn is looking very well
ana IS h"lng worked by some the second
tlmH. cotton is being rapidly chopped TO-
q stand. Potato bugs arc becoming nm.
fnerorS and destructive. Wheat and fall
oats arc ripening and harvest will be-
commenced soon. B~lackborrics are I'm
noon. sweet potato plants are bciu-
ser ont. Iransplanting tobacco is prac
1'"li| nh!shed. All vegetation is now
growing nicely.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

LaWlessness is never to be annroved
put there are no fathers or brothers who
VIII be quick to condemn the Tvrrel
county white men who chastisod +bo
base negro whose conduct made thei,
elood bon with Indignation. Five years
ago when white men were in rover i,
North Carolina. the women in tho
country were usually safe in VISITING
'he'r nelshbors. Now they dare 40,
20 from house to house without = m.Io
escort. The white man who loves b;s
nome VIII be glad of an opportunity to
restore safe and peaceful conditions.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

bhSc Negroes Must he Tauchf That
lheir BhScness Will Not be Tolerated
Saw Mill Accident.

- ne I1lIrtf 1 hat
lhelr BhScncss Will Not be Tolerated
Saw Mill Accident.
columbia. \. G.. June 11.-lSpccia11-
Ior several days rIInors have been rife
mere OF an attempted rape upou The
person OF Il respectable white girl hy u
negro. III Gum Neck township. This conn.
y. tpon investigation. If appears that
q negro man. named Carter. met u white
woman Of excellent standing on the pub
nc ROAD. and made indecent propoe1Is 10
her. When this became known a marty
OF Gentlemen disguised as Spaniards.
VISITED the negro man. and with hastily
linprovIsed cat-o,nine-tails made of
khotted cords. proceeded to convince him
mat ne had done Il very improper and
unsafe thing. The negro was severely
WHIPPED. and is reported 10 have left
Tor parts unknown.
At Llverman'S saw mill today. Il wor-
my white boy named Clair West. an
employee ut the mill. was painfully and
dangerously injured. His clothes were
caught IN some betting and he wa@
over some machinery. brcakip.
one 81 his legs, and tearing the flesh.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

DR.. W. j.. Courts writes Webster's
Weekly that the mother of Governor
John NJ. Morehead said it was the
greatest ambition of her life to see
Johns name in the almanac. Her am
bition was gratified. Her creat-grand-
son. Richmond Pearson Hobson. how
SO indelibly that it will rank along with
the foremost names that will never die.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

From almost every camp comes the
news that supplies are badly needed"
There was excuse for this the first ten
days. but now it is due chiefly to ineffi-
cheney. We would say more. but If *
"treason" to denounce the policy that
makes brave men suffer while cioarette-
smoking sons Of big men and second
class politicians are given positions Of
Importance.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
WHAT Mr.. DUKES GIFT MEANS,

The friends of Trinity College and of
education generally throughout the
State, are p~raising the noble bcnefaction
of Mr.. Washington Duke by whicl. lie
added 100000 to the endowment fund of
the college. 1t is Il good sign when those
who are able to give literally to such OBJ
jects have the contemporaneous willing
ness to part with their money ID such
Il laudable way. 1t is Il sure sign, too, that
the institution is well managed by DR..
Kilgo, the president, confidence in whom
and in his wise and energetic work for
the college is the true secret of the lihe-
raj donation by "Uncle Wash" who.
while generous. is always judicious.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

Keep the cultiyator Running lu th" .
ton ana tobacco fields. :" a> 4" "uyaHr
4 quick growth whilst the land N .
of moisture. Let the chopplI'- ont "t
cotton crop he done ~ fast ~ the u5#
are ready. and bring t. = stand. ~t 4.
the plants to make the crop. may
the full benefit 81 all the fertility Bee
land. The Showery weather We mr." '
inc. if continued, will make weeds -r
fast. and will ncccS>itatc much lat#s
keep pace with them. You cann"t a@.
t. grow weeds.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
THE LOST BARGE FOUND.

Wilmington, \. c.. June 1O.-Thc Coy
water barge which was lost
from the steamer LeonidaS off the North
Carolina coast was discovered on the
bar in Elmer'S inlet. about twenty miles
from Nllmlngton. yesterday afternoon.
Sh" was sighted by Il small coasting
schooner bound for this place. The barge
at low tide has only about a foot of
water around her. and il will be a diff
cult matter to get her off the sand. One
of her starhoard tanks onward is empty.
the others are all intact.
The revenue cutter COlfaX. which has
been III search of the barge. located her
today. and came within four hundred
yards of her. but went back down tho
coast without sending any of her crew
to investigate. Two men of the schooner.s
crew which first discovered the barge
are now on board of her.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

The Newborn Journal fittinclv do
n""hces Il woman who recently pub-
ilshed an article on Poor White Wo-
men IN Our Southern Cities" The an
'hor was appealing for mission work. and
suggested Newbern as Il proper place.
ohe IS az ignorant busybody-that is the
nioS' charitable view to take of her SLAM
derouS article.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

- that every Sheaf may Ia ~ha,E..r
fore leaving the field IN the "y.a.r-
that the shocks are well made
Is thrown, together. Much loss
fcrcl every year from poor ~1af-
which can altogether be avoided Ie
cr care. y. we'll made shock ~hau#.
Il great deal ST rain if IL i ouly
to settle for twelve hours before
rain comes on. However welt ~H.-..
the crop may hc. DO not lat THE ~r.
stand longer in the fields than IS a..
Sary. Wheat i going "a he m
much more muucv mt harVr-t th
been the ca~c for many years .u@ r
who sell earliest Will, IN aar unr
get the he>; price. The market is u.-
OF supplies. and until the great crnr-
the West and Northwest COME cu t.
the price i likely II l." Il good oHa. T.
these great crops viii not, we heI.
force il down very much, hpt They m#.
and will have some effect. Ihre~h
soon l> the grain il nj for tho mil.
and let him have it, i advice.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

They say that since Col. Carr has
been IN camp at Jacksonville the soldiers
have quit eating hard tack and have
Toasted on choice vegetables. If the sol
diers could vote. Col. Carr would be
put permanently in charge of %supplies
for the army. My. wouldn't the boys
fare s~umptuously,
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
COL. CARR STOPPED BY RULES,

The second class politicians and sons
causes soldiers to suffer. will be glad that
Gen. Lee objected to Col. Cars paying
off the North Carolina soldiers. Many
of them have not even the money to buy
tobacco or pay for their washing. and
have for weeks lacked proper equipment.
Whether the rules and regulations per-
NIT him to advance the money or not,
our staff correspondent is correct in say
ing that Col. Carr has. in Il way that
will compel attention called the attention
of the government to the needs of thc
soldiers in such Il manner that it cannot
be longer ignored.
If competent men had been in charge
from the first. while the soldiers might
have looked for small change. they
would not have been subjected to the
privations that nave made the conditions
of some of them deplorable.
The New York Times day after day
insists that Secretary Alger is a failure
and that he ought to abandon his office
before he is forced out by public indig-
nation S-h. Go slow, Mr.. Times. or
the blind worshippers of Mckinley will
accuse you of treason and recommend
that you be shot. Everybody knows
that Alger deserted in war; keeps in pol
itics because he is acorrupter of voters;
and that he was put in the Cabinet as Il
return for his campaign contributions.
But it must be whispered low under pen
atty Of threatened execution.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

"AttentiOn is called to the fact" saws
the Boston Herald. that Lieut.. Hobson
and young Letter are the same age. %.
The resemblance ends there, however.
Who would exchange Hobson's glory for
the Letter millions, if they could have
their choice?"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

That was Il graceful act in Senator
Pritchard Of proposing the name of
Gen. Il. i. Hoke. as brigadier general.
He is to-day the finest living major gen
eral of the Confederate army. and re-
sembles Robert Il. Lee as much in cl.ar.
actcr us i'll person. 1t is Il thousand
plties that such men as General IIoke
cannot lead the forces. so that this cruel
war can be ended.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

The announcement of yellow fever at
McHenry, Miss. will carry Il thrill of
horror all over the country. The dis
aster of war threw enough pail over
the South, and now if this dread
plague gets a foothold three months be-
fore frost, the condition will be most
pitiable.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

When asked if Hawaii should he an
neXed Speaker Reed is said to have re-
piled: Some people prefer leproSy to
yellow fever, but if | had to have both,
being interpreted means that Hawaii
stands for leprosy and Cuba for yellow
fever, and that Speaker Reed will never
willingly take either. The Speaker is
right. We do not want either Cuba or
Hawaii.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

The American Flag Association re-
quests us to urge ii celebration of June
18th as Flag Day Every day is
flag day now. cold Glory waves on
every passing breeze. and over the
graves and homes of men as brave as
ever fell and fought for liberty.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14
TESTERS COTTON ANALYSIS.

New Orleans. June S-Secretorv Ues-
ter'S analysis of the cotton movements
for the seven months of the scaSon from
September ] to May 81 inclusive. shows
mat he group of the Atlantic States.
which Includes North Caroline. South
Carolina and Georgia. Florida. Alabama
and Virginia show an increase Of 49l.
900 compared with 1895.
Total crop in sight at The end Of May
~. lSo.S11. an increase over last yea
of 2,31S, ,
There can be no harm in the assertion
that some paintings are works Of art
ana that a great many women paint.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

The cutting and baryeStino of ~
wheat and oat crops shouId receive
prompt attention when ready. Too often
tneSe crops are allowed to become over
Ilpe belor" helng cut. The CONSEQUENCE
IS much loss Of grain from shatterin,
ahd Il sample much inferior in look from
mat made when the grain is cut ut the
proper timr
see that the binder is in good WORKING
"rder az least ten days before Won want
10 use II. and then. if any repairs are
needed. there will be time to have them
a''ehoed to without running any risk of
loss OF crop. Have sufficient hands tn
Keep up close to the binder when cuttino
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-14

The cutting and harvesting Of III,
grass II clover crops will call for NJ
tentlon during the month. In this isstr,
Will be found an article on this subject
to which we invite attention. Sec tb,
mowers and rakes are all in good repair
ana ready for work. and have kniye>
ground.