davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

A. shown In our report filed January ls.
1887. the Water WORKS system hud up 10
January ]. lAgl. cost the Commission In Us
entirety gg11 .siss -
since then and during this past year ad-
dltlonal expense has been added. compris-
ing the following.
RESERVOIR No. work done on the
grounds surrounding the reservoir. pro-
tocilnR the slopes and banks Of the prop
date Wall and Power House--Bill OF S.
/. Shociiier. stone mason. for account OF
work done cutting hole through the wall
~ the building for ventilation purposes.
tg0
Distribution systcm-si feet Of 2.lnch
guly iron pipe. added 10 the steamboat
supply pipe. extending the same out 90
the end nf the new Fisher dock. cost t1.t2.
/ Watrous frc hydrani set at the Han
thorn promises.
"a, scst 9 inch wrought iron pipe used
fCr branch pipe for said hydrant
Total cost. 500.
/ G-inch cNplnNon joint put into the s.
inch main cOrnsr 1f 3ith and Commercial
streets as guard against slipping ground
cost 80 60
80 Zee. 2-inch galv. iron pipe laid in
Harrison ayunrO west from the 9Th street
main. cost A2.5l
sleeves put into sundry street mains
found necessary on account OF sliding
ground. amounted 90 flS.l5.
Making the total cost of the Water
" NfhN system tNln NAtfs A4teaNAA-Nfs
with these addiuonals We now ind our
water system comprising the following
Head works al Bear creek Conduit
pipe II I6-lo0 miles long" 4009i feet Of
which Is iS-inch wooden stuyc pipe
l6,isS feet of which Is l6 inch steel riyeteo
5t5i feet OF which is Il inch steel riv-
ctcd pipe
Power sqa gate house situate at f'eser-
Reservoir no J." capacity 10000 gal
RESERVOIR mo. g" capacity $4,000 gal
loEE.
Tunnel through Cox Comb ridge 90 feet
long. lined with concrete.
distribution system consisting OF tho
following:
So feet OF is inch wooden stave pipe in
tunnel
5gi feet Is inch cast iron mains.
1854 @ feet II inch east iron mains,
2ilS feet Il inch cast iron mains
blSS 3 feet 10 inch cast iron mains.
@al 3 feet inch cast iron mains,
tS1i feet inch cast iron mains.
etNO feet 4 inch cast iron mains.
ii5e feet u inch Kalamcin pipe mains.
siSi feet s inch kalamein pipe mains,
sGJl feet inch knlnmein pipe mains,
$40 feet inch kalamein pipe mains
slg9.S feet 10 inch wrought iron mains.
2911 feet 5 inch wrought iron mains
q702 s feet 6 inch wrought iron mains,
1910 feet I inch wrought iron mains
si0g feet . inch galV, iron pipe mains,
so feet ~ inch galv, iron pipe mains.
6S3 feet inch gal iron pipe mains
u inch hydraulic FIRE gate and fixtures.
10 inch hydraulic hre gate and fixtures,
81 Watrous fire hydrants.
Telephone line to head works via power
hous
Real estate property as follows
Property on which Reservoir No, l is
situated
Property on which Reservoir No Is
situated
Property at Bear creek, 20 acres
Property at Cedar creek, 10 acres
Pieces OF property along the pipe line
within the city limits,
Right OF way along pipe line from city
limits to head works,
Right OF way and water rights from
head works down Bear creek TO mouth
OF creek.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

NOTICE OF INTENTION OF THE
COMMON COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
ASTORIA. OREGON. TO IMPROVE
THAT PORTION OF THIRTY FIRST
STREET IN SAID CITY. LYING AND
BEING BETWEEN FRANKLIN AND
GRAND AVENUES.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

Very repeatedly submitted.
THE aBTORiA WATER COMMIBBfON,
By w. W. PARKER.
Chairman.
Attest.
IL q. VAN DCBEN. clerk.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

This being tho laHt quarterly report fur
thr year iNj We append herewith AH rrs
Quirrd hy thr charter. inventories tprr-
iatcd hy the superintendent and cicriu
showing tho property ot the City pertain
ing to tho water works plant, now under
control ~ the Commission, 40 followh,
tu.wlt.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08
astoria Public Library

READING ROOM FREE TO ALA
Open every day from o'clock to tR
and $50 to $50 p. m.
Subscription rates IS per annum.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

Astoria. oregon, January b. lhJs
10 the Honorable Mayor ani Common
Council NJ the CITY ~ Astoria. oregon
Gentlemen In accordance with Section
No 10 N tho cry Chatter. wo herewith
hcT leave 10 report tho receipts ana dis
hutucmrnla ~ the Astoria water Com
mission for tho quarter ending December
gi. isYI. no follows.
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08
SUICIDE ~ ONO

Wilmington. %. April pr Andrew
X Martin one ~ the wralthlral nni bca,
known mon ~ the city. has committed
suicide o, hanging ilr was the father ol
John e. Martin. who has been un trlal
fur hlu llfr fur tho shooting uf George
Mcmillan last october Tho father brood.
81 over the tragedy ana tho Incarceration
~ hh son IN Jail unlii 9, unsettled hls
mind This ls the ntJh death ln slN weeks.
or iurIug tho trial ~ the Martin case.
among the immediate rylati,cn ~ parties
concerned ln the matter
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

y W. Cor. Eleventh and Duane Streets
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

OF this gain
Sal6, &c went into the Water Works plant,
5000 into the sinking fund.
&l. 30 to pay accrued interest on water
bonds purchased for sinking fund
S62 for map OF distribution system,
N,OSs, ,0i paid Pacific Paving Co. bal
ance due on their contract,
N@l "a into the treasury
S66,M remaining uncollected from above
water, rate earnings, due from the city OF
Astoria and other special and meter rates,
The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1898-04-08

plsnURsEMENTs.

lntrrrai paid on bonds y .01o ~
SuporiutondcutH salary 80 Ol
Treasurer salary for
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01

Those who are thirsting for 4 wal
with Spain, says the Philadcl pii.;,
Times, may not be aware OF the burden
they are preparing for posterity. Sec
rotary Bliss, in sending to Congress 4
deficiency estimate ofeight millions for
pensions for the current year, says
that the total number of pensions on
the roll has increased by II. 539 i'll the
last eight months. At this ratio the
wears increase will be over 20.O00 and
will bring the army Of pensioners
thirty-thrce Years after the close OF the
war very nearly to n million.
\ striking feature Of these pension
figures is that the pension roll has
nearly doubled since 1890, 4 quarter of
a injury after the war closed. In
1880 there were 33I ,944 pensioners: at
the close of the fiscal year 1898 there
will he not loss than 996 goo, an in
crease Of 90 per cent. i'll eight years
In proportion "a the old soldiers die
the rcnsion lists increase. and ii we eli
gage in Il war with Spain. te it ever 81
small fight. one shudtler- ~ what our
descendants viii have to pay in pen
Sions as the future centuries Run on.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01

The following from the Baltimore
SIM will be universally commended:
I'VE have millions to spend for Tie
relief of the subjects of Spain i'll Cuba :,
but not a dollar for the payment OF a
Just claim OF the heirs of the widow Of
General Lee, of Virginia. Patriotism
at home and philanthrophy abroad
touch both our hearts and pockets, but
we shut the door in the face Of mere,
common justice, if justice appears in
the name borne by the man who is dig
nifying and clarifying the country by
his splendid exhibition of manhood at
Havana. To refuse the payment Of
such a claim at such time as this be
cause it did not como under the letter
of the Bowman act Was taking refuge
under 4 small. a contemplate tcchni-
cality. Ii Congress desires to do Il
just, as we'll as graceful act, and one
which would be especially appreciated
in the South just at this time. it will
repair the gross and uniustliahle error
OF Tuesday by passing :; special bill
recognizing and providing for the pay
ment of this claim. Its failure to do
so will be blot Oh national justice,
honor and magnanimity."
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
TIL, tINE REPORT.

So intense an interest has been felt all
over the world in the finding of the Naval
Beard on the explosion Of the battlcship
Maine that not only the report but the
abstract of the testimony which is printed
this morning will lie universally read.
The report itself, however, with the Presi-
dents brief and careful message
accompanying its transmission to Congress
summarizes the facts ascertaned in Il
manner that will he accepted as conclu-
sivc.
1t will be observed that the board mi
nutcly and carefully excludes every con-
ccivab!c cause of explosion originating
within the ship and from the nature of
the explosion as described and from the
results as shown and the condition of the
wreck. reaches the opinion that the Maine
was destroyed by the explosion of a sub
marine mine, which caused the partial cX-
plosiou of two of he: fl lard magaZines.'
1t has been unable to obtain evidence
fixing the responsibility for the destruc
ton of the Maine upon any person or
persons.
As against this evidently careful con
clusion, reached after an investigation
extending over more than Il month, the
manifest guess or unsupported assump-
ton of the Spanish Naval Board that the
explosion was due to an accident on board
the Maine. cannot carry weight. 1t VIII
be regarded only as Il general denial OF
Spanish responsibility, in mitigation OF
any claim for rcparation that may be
made by the United States.
No responsible person has suggested
that the mine was exploded by direction
of the Spanish officials, but, as a London
paper has well said. if the harbor OF
Havana was mixed without their knowl-
edge they were culpably Ignorant, and
if they knew of the mine and allowed a
visiting battleship to lie anchored over it
without warning. they were cuipa5ly
careless. In any case the occurhncc
clearly throws the burden of defense on
Spain,
Nevertheless it is not necessary to
press the case Immediately, since the
original issue between the TWO countries
is much more important, and we can
afford to leave the question of the Maine
till the question of Cuban independence
is decided. If present negotiations succeed
apology and reparation for the Maine may
add another item to the account we shall
have to settle with Spain Philadelphia
Times
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
THE REPORT
on THE MAINE.

The following is the substance of the
report of the Board of Inquiry which in
vestigated the wrecking of the battle ship
Maine. II is made up of eight parts, as
follows:
First-The court finds that at the time
Of the explosion the Maine was lying in
from five and one half to six fathoms of
water.
Second-The discipline aboard the ship
was excellent everything was slowed
away, according to orders--am ammunition,
guns, stores, &c. The temperature of the
magazines at =. VI. was normal except
in the after !0,inch magazine. and that
did not explode.
Third-Thc explosion occurred at $40
o'clock on the evening of February 18th.
There were two explosions, with IA very
short interval between them. The ship
lifted on the first explosion.
Fourth-The court can from no definite
opinion of the condition of the wreck
from the divers evidence
F'ifth-This part of the report contains
technical details of the wreckage, from
which the court dcduces that a nine was
exploded under the ship on the port
side
SiNth-Thc explosion was due to no
fault of those on board.
Geventh-This section contains the
opinion of the court stating that the cN-
plosion of the mine caused the explosion
of the ships two magazines.
Eighth-The court declares that it cam
not find evidence to fix the responsibility
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
LATEST WAR NEWS.

4 cabinet council was held i'll Mad
rid Wednesday to consider the Amcr-
can proposals to Spain. whcn it IS eN-
pected that final action WAS taken.
President Mckinley was questioned by
anxious Senators and Representatives
in Washington and told them that he
expected something definite by to-day.
He is waiting for news from the Mad
rid conference.
Accounts differ as to the terms of
the American proposals to Spain. \
Madrid dispatch states that they in
clude. first, an armistice in Cuba until
October. the United States in the
meantime to use its good offices to
make this temporary peace permanent !;
second, Spain to do her best toward
Relieving the starvation on the island
and the United States to assist. 1t
is stated in Washington that Cuban
independence is the basis Of the Presi-
dents proposal, and that the reports
from Madrid were probably coiorcd by
the Spanish government. which con-
trolls the telegraph aud cable wires
there
The Senate committee OH lorei On re-
1t, L. 4 bat ln
Senate would not acquiesc in an agree
ment for an armisticc in Cuba. The
committee decided to take no action
for the present on the Cuban resolu-
tions referred to it, but to await the
result of diplomatic negotiations.
One hundred and fifteen republican
members OF the House Of Representa-
tives held conference Wednesday
evening and decided to take no action
in regard to the Cuban situation be
fore Monday \ committee was ap
pointed to wait on the President. the
Michigan delegation in Congress call
cd on the President and urged him to
secure the freedom of Cuba and not To
submit the Maine incident to inter
national arbitration.
In the House OF Representatives Mr..
Bailey. the democratic leader, intro
duccd Il resolution recognizing the
independence ot the Cuban Republic.
Speaker Reed ruled that the rcsolu-
ton was not y question OF privilege
and was out OF order Mr.. Bailey ap-
pcaled to the House, but the republic
cans, with two exceptions. voted on
party lines and the Speakers rulin"
was sustained.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
"SP.\IN IS IN THE WRONG"

\ cablegram from London on Monday
says: The St. James Gazette, commentin =
this afternoon on the report of the United
States naval court of inquiry on the less
of the Maine. SAYS:
There can be no doubt Spain owes
reparation to the American government TO
say nothing of the most humble apologies
and the most extreme consideration for
the feelings of the nation which has lost Il
fine ship lying in peace in Il presumably
friendly harbor. The outlook is rs threat
ening as it could be. Spain is in the
wrong, and it is for Spain to walk warily."
The Westminster Gazette says: The re-
sources of diplomacy ought not yet to be
exhausted. We trust President Mckinley
will maintain his uncNceptionablc attitude
and not allow himself to be jingocd into
war;"
The Globe thinks the report gives Spain
ground for maintaining that it shows
bias" adding: THE evidence that mine
caused the explosion is meagre, uncon
vincing and not borne out by previous ex-
perences of the effects caused by mines
exploding"
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
MAKYLAND MATTERS.

i hotel is to be erected on Braddock' 5
Heights, Frederick county
Mr. James y. Todd, Il leading lawyer
at Denton, is critically ILL.,
Dover bridge, over the Choptank. Will
be replaced by an iron structure.
\ military company has been organized
at Rockville, with Mr. Samuel Riggs as
captain.
In the public schools of Washington
county there are 22a teachers aad 9,0s3
pupils
\ sixteen yearold boy weighing 800
pounds entered the Washington County
High School
Several arrests of parties charged with
violating the local-option law have been
made at Elkton.
At Hagerstown, upon petition, Judge
Stake Dissolved the Crawford Wheel and
Gear Company of Washington County.
Comman der Eugene de F. Heald died
suddenly last Sunday on the Santee at
Annapolis He was in charge Of the ships
at the Naval Academy.
In some of the Annapolis churches last
Sunday night PRAYERS were offered for
the President Of the Uuted States to
guide him in the Cuban situation.
Monday Superintendent Cooper, Of the
Naval Academy. after consultation with
the Secretary of the Navy, gave orders
that the first class Of cadets be graduate ed
on April /. They will then be assigned
to ships for sea duty without delay.
Monday at the municipal election i'll
Hagcrstowu Dr. Edward NJ. Schindel,
democrat, WAS elected mayor by 81 ma
jority. one republican and one demo
cratic councilman were elected, leaving a
majority Of the council democratic rs at
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
FItSD CLASS OF CADETS.

On Monday the cadets of the first class
began their examination before Il board OF
medical officers, of which Surgeon George
T.. II. Harmon is the senior member.
Once year cadets are examined at the
academy hospital to ascertain their phyS-
cal GO ndition This examination usually
begins about April 10th. and when the or
der was given to report two weeks earlier
it caused some excitement among the stu
dents. In case of hostilities, the cadets
are expected to do expected service. 1t is
stated that the members of the first class
will be graduated ut once, inside of two
weeks They will probably be given eN-
aminations which will correspond in char
aetcr to the annual examination usually
leld in May.
Regular work at the institution has been
replaced by work that is of Il practical ma
turc and that would be Of use on board
ship. There is great need in the service
for Junior officers on board ship. and this
accounts for this sep, which is of Il very
unusual character.
Superintendent Cooper has issued no
orders other than those regarding the
physical examination, but it is generally
believed ut the academy that the first
classmcn will be graduated shortly and
ordered to vessels aoat
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
AN APPEAR. TH PATRIOTISM

The publishers Of ;hc great Philadclph
SUNDAY Pres" announce that with every
copy of next Sundays Pres" April 81.
will be giHcn free Il fine picture of the
Cruiser Philadelphia. This picture will be
Il companion to the picture of the Battle
ship Maine, which was recently given away
bv The Sunday Press, and Will he an APP
real ,o patriotism. Ii will he larger than
the Maine picture, printed in eleven colorS,
and will ic well worth framing. Next
SUNDAYS Press" vii! be - pages with an
eight PAGE comic section III cnlorS, so
that altogether the offer is remarkable.
The publishers announce that the supply
of Philadelphia pictures j. limited, 50 that
it is well fer every boIy /" pIHr" their or
dcr> at oHcc.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01

Another conference Of republican
members OF the House was held We'd
nesday afternoon to discuss plans of
action RESPECTING Cuba. II WAS dc
cidcd. however, 10 DO nothing anti!
Monday next. and in thr meantime i.
is expected that the President Will an
nouncc the policy he has decided upon.
This action was the result ot state
mcnt- made to the meeting hy mem
hcrS Of the foreign affairs committee,
who leave talked with the President.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
fsucNlrn'S .trnita S:tlNc.

The Best Salyc in the world for Cuts,
Bruises, Sores Ulcers, salt Rheum, Fever
Sores, letter, Chapped Hands, ChilblanS,
Corns, and all Skin Eruptions and positive
~ cures Piles, or no pay required. IL Is
guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction of
monday refunded. Price ~ cents per
box For ale by i l. Edlayitch.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
Our Job Department.

We desire to cali attention of the public
to our job department, which has lately
been implored by the addition of new
fonts of type Circulars, envelopes, let
ter heads, cards etc, printed upon short
notice and at satisfactory PRICES. Give US
a trial
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
Merit
intrinsic value of
Hood IS Sarsaparilla. p - ~ -

Merit in medicine means the power 70
cure. Hoods Sarsaparilla possesses actual
and unequalled curative power and there
fore it has true merit. When you buy
Hoods Sarsaparilla, az 4 take i according
to directions, to purify your blood, Or
cure any of the many blood diseases, you
are morally certain to receive benefit.
The power to cure is there. You are not
trying an experiment. 1t will make your
blood pure, rich and nourishing and thus
drive out the germs of disease, strengthen
the nerves and build up the W hole system.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
THB
grinte Dtpr9e'5 GnQallrer,
FRED. SASSCEE

TEKMS-S1 60 per year. Single copies > cents
No subscription discontinued until all arrears are
paid unless at ihe option Of the Publisher.
ADV ERTlSI\G RATES-TranSient advertise
mtnts, Il per inch for the first insertion. 80 cents
the second and - cents for each subsequent IN
sertion. one inch months. So: months. 81 l.
months, IS. business Cards. not exceeding 10 lines
So per year. When the number OF Insertions IS not
MAJ ked advertisements will lie continued until for
i'll and charged accordingly. Yearly advertisers
must coniine advertisements TO their own business
Rule and Figure Work double price. Business 10
cas- cents per line. Marriages ard Deaths insert
ed free: Obituaries and Personal Communications
! cents per line.
HS-Ai CORES pondt nee with this Office should be
u,treSs ed 10 .sTHE En- EE
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
Onprn OF 7 OBLIGATION.
EDWARD Is. TURTON. Plaintiff.

EDWARD Is. TJRTON. Plaintiff.
'RANClS L. NUDE. f.Ncrutorof Susanna
Mudd, deceased. PRISCILLA 5. MUDD.
SUSANNA :. MIDD. MARY Y.
NUDD, GEORGEANNA W. MUDD,
widow Of Thomas \. Mtdd, deceased,
THOMAS n MUDD and SARAH
MUDD, his wife, HESTER V. MUDD,
viiaw Of .Icre {. MUdd, MARY MUDD.
ALICE NJ. MUDD, Infant, con
STANCE MUDD and WILLIAM f.
MUDD, her husband. IMOGENE I.
GARDNER and JOSEPH d. GARD
NER, her husband, EUGENE L MUDD,
Infant, ELIZABETH \. MUDD, widow
Of Edward McColgan Mudd. Defendants
y THE CIRCUIT Court FOR PRINCE
GEORGES COUNTY, MARYLAND, SITTING
X EAI-I:'S
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01

No. 2I31 Equity.
nRDERED this Sth day of March, 1898,
~ that the sale ofthc property mentioned
in these proceedings made and reported
by Peter E. Tome, Attorney named in
Mortgage, be ratified and confirmed, I'M
less cause to the contrary thereof be shown
on or before the end day of April next;
provided a copy of this order be inserted
in some newspaper printed in Prince
Georges county once in each of three sue
cessvv .,,e,.s before the End day of April
next.
The report states the amolnt of sales to
he $330.0O.
JAMES B. BELT.
Clerk of the Circuit Court for i. G. 60.
True copy-te$t: JAMES B BELT, Clerk.
" trch | h, lSDS-lw.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
OnDnn OF RAr1rlcArloN
JACOB TOME, Assignee of Mortgage
WILLIAM NAYSE aaI SALLIE y
MAISE
No. 1851 Equity.

In THE CIRCUIT CoUaT FOR PEINCE
GEoRGE's COUNTY, MD, IN EQUITr.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
TUESDAY, the !2ih day Of APRIL, 1898.
At ; u'CI.oCK p NJ,

the REAL ESTATE mentioned ia said
Deed of Trust, being situated in
SpaldinSs district, OF said county, adjoin-
ing the lands of T. 3. Middleton, Thomas
Sorcr and others, containing
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1898-04-01
MoRrGAGEEs SALE
OF HIGHLY
IMPROVED REAL ESTATE,

IN DIXON HILL DISTRICT, PRINCE
GEORGES COUNTY, MD. NEAR
THE ID. c. LINE