Washington sentinel., 1898-06-25
:. ~ SENTINEL
the Arrival OF Man In Europe.

DRIFT man" is probably now as e2-
tinct as the cave bear or the mann
moth. Late in the Pleistocene
period it disappeared from Europe,
and was replaced by a new race,
coming from the northeast, along
with the musk sheep and the REIN
deer, and called by the same emi'
nent writer the "caye man" Both
the cave men and the river drift
men were in the stage OF culture
known as the Pal9olithic or Old
Stone Age; that is, they used only
stone implements, and these inn
plcments were never polished or
ground to a fine edge, but were
only roughly Clipped into shape,
and were very rude and irregular
in contour. The implements OF
the river drift men, found in Pleis-
tocene river beds, are very rude,
and imply a social condition at
least as low as that OF the Austria
liam savages of the present day.
"They consist" says Mr.. Daw-
kins, cot the fake; the chopper or
pebble roughly chipped to an edge
on one side; the kache or oval
pointed implement, intended Tor
use without a handle; an oval or
rounded form with a cutting edge
all round which may have been
used in a handle; a scraper for
preparing skins; and pointed f1ints
used for boring" No pottery OF
anv sort has been found in asSocia-
ton with these implements, nor
were there any domesticated ami
mails at that time. The river drift
men were evidently no hllers Of
the ground, neither were they
herdsmen or shepherds; but they
gained a precarious subsistence
by hunting the great elk and other
deer, and contended with packs OF
hyenas for the caves which might
serve as a shelter against the
storm. AS to what may have been
the social organization OF these
primeval savages, nothing what
ever is known. They were a wide
spread race. Their implements
have been found, in more or less
abundance, in Britain, Germany,
France, Spain, Italy, Greece, north
ern Africa, Palestine and Hindu
stan. Their bones have been found
in the valleys of the Rhine, the
seine, the Somme and he Vezere,
in sufficient numbers to show that
they were a dolicocephaliC or long
headed race, with prominent jaws,
but no complete skeleton has as
yet been discovered. The bones
and implements of the cave men
are found in association with the
remains of the reindeer aud bison,
the arctic fox, the mammoth and
the woody rhinoceros. They are
found in great abundancein south
ern and central England, in Bel.
gium, Germany and Switzerland,
and in every part of France; but
nowhere as yet have their remains
been discovered south Of the Alps
and Pyrenese. A diligent explor-
alton of the Pleistocene caves OF
England and France, during the
past twenty years, has thrown
some light upon their mode OF
life. Not a trace Of pottery has
been found anywhere associated
with their remains, so that it is
quite clear that the cave men did
not make earthenware vessels.
They made borers and sav as well
as spears and arrows; and besides
these stone implements they
used spears and arrows headed
awVae ~
reindeer antler. Many details OF
their life are preserved to us
through their extraordinary taste
for engraving and carving. Many
sketches of reindeer. mammoths.
horses, cave bears, pike and seals,
and hunting scenes have been
found by the hundred, incised upon
antlers or bones, or sometimes
upon stone; and the artistic skill
which they show is really aStonish-
ing. Among uncivIlized races oI
men now living there are none
which possess this remarkable
artistic talent save the Eskimos;
and in this respect there is complete
similarity between the Eskimos
and the cave men. The Tesem-
blances are not merely general,
but extend so far into details that
if modern Eskimo remains were 10
be put into European caves they
would be indistinguishable in ap-
pearance from the remains Of the
cave men which are now found
there. The EskImos, then, are
probably the sole survivors Of the
cave men of the Pleistocene period;
among the present people oi
Europe the cave men have left no
representatives whatever. With
the passing away OF Pleistocene
times, further considerable change
occurred in the geography OF
Europe and in its population. In
Europe were now TO be found the
brWwS~and grizzly bears. the elk
and reindeer, the wild boar, the
urus or wild OK, the wolf and fox,
the rabbit and hare and the badger;
and along with these there came
those harbingers of the dawn of
civilIzation-the dog and horse,
the domestic OK and pig, with the
sheep and goat. A new race Of
men, also, the tanners and owners
Of these domestic animals, had ap-
peared on the scene. These new
men could build huts Of oak logs