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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
THE SOUTH.
4 Georgia Farmer Who Makes His
Occupation Yield Him Large
Returns.

The Macon tGa.) Telegraph says Of
Mr.. w. II. Mansfield, Il farmer who lives
in that city and farms near it. that when
he was a boy he learned to make hay
while the sun shines" but now that he
is 4 man, he makes it all the time He
is Il good farmer. to begin with, as is
proved by the fact that he easily raises
q bushels of corn to the acre" on his
swamp land and large numbers Of hogs,
and he has achieved 50 great success
with both corn and hay that other
farmers throughout the country are al
way seeking to learn his methods"
1t is as a hay-maker. however, that
Mr.. Mansfield has achieved most enyj-
able distinction. He has Il grass farm Of
several hundred acres near Macon,
from which he cuts three crops of hay
every season" He grows ''ahont six or
seven tons to the acre in II season,
(which brings SD q ton on the market.
and there is always Il good demand.
His grass crop nets him about $40 an
acre.
Commenting on this. the Charleston
News and Courier says: His land is
good. but there arc thousands of acres
like it IN Georgia and South Carolina.
He "cultiyateS' the grass on his farm
and makes it pay. Being asked If the
quality of the land did not have a great
deal to DO With the yield:" he replied:
"CnfortCnateiy. but the man has q
great dal more to do with it." As for
the grass, which Yields n net profit of
SD an acre every Year, it is not Il hith-
crto nnhearl-of kind Of grass at all. It
grows i'll all parts of the South. and
there is Il good deal Of it in South Caro-
lima III spots. Gen. Hagood and W. &.
ChildS. Of Columbia. We believe. cult
waited it with profit some years ago. if
not more recently. The seed. or roots.
can be obtained very cheaply, and when
it has once been planted anywhere it
grows right along, at the same Ilace,
for years. without requiring special at
teEtion. EertiliZing and cultivation. cut
ting and curing, are what makes it pay
SD net profit per acre to Mr.. Mansfield
every year. We do not recall its Latin
name. but farmers in South Carolina
usually refer to il as that damp grass"
when they do not call it "Bermuda.'
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
THE LAST OF THE ROMANS
tE. City Economist

Mr.. Jefferson said of Nathaniel Ma
con that he was the last of the Romans
John Randolph said in his will he wa;
the Wisest man he had ever known. Mr..
Benton speaks Of him in his Thirty
Years in the Senate" as his counsellor
and friend in public life. Mr.. Macon has
passed into history as one of the pureSt
and most lncorruptible3 statesmen that
mas been on the stage Of public life in
these United States. He was a type of
the old North Carolina character in the
earlier and better days Of the State.
lie was plain, straightforward and had
great simplicity of character. His sim
pllcity amounted to eccentricity. He was
morally and physically courageous. He
drew his knife to defend Mr.. Randolph
from personal assaults in Il theatre in
Philadelphia. Against the unanimous
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
TOBACCO IN JOHNSTON.
(Smithfeld IIerald.)

i fact that two warehouses will be
bullt here within the next 80 days will
cause the acreage in tobacco to be great
~ increased. The greatest dra wback
our county has suffered so far as the
tobacco interest is concerned has been
the lack of a good market within its
limits. Our farmers who sell in Wilson
and Goldsboro are forced to lose two
and three days each time they wish to
market a few hundred pounds Of the
weed. This great trouble and expense
will be entirely eliminated by the eStab-
li>hment of excellent marketing facilities
here.
Since the price of cotton has fallen
so dlsastrously low, many of our people
are inclined to cease the cultivation of
that crop and engage more extensively
in the tobacco business. Many more will
We influenced to work the new crop
by the fact that they can dispose of it
without any great expense or incon-
vepicnce.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
vs.. COTTON.
Tobacco Cultured

Our forefarhers. il is said. away back
Wonder. carried corn 10 mill in one end
81 the sack with Il rock in the other end
10 balance it. After awhile they learned
that they could carry corn in both ends
ana save the extra load. The present
generation, mp 10 the last few years.
seemed 10 think they could raise moth
ing but cotton. No bacon. no corn; but
all cotton. But this had its day and
our farmers began 10 use their good com
mon sense by raising their home sup
plieS--nog and honlIny.
Hog and hominy' first. Then comes
into consideration what shall be raised
10 bring in money:
Heretofore most of our farmers have
depended on cotton as money crop. The
immense territory that will produce cot
ton and the immense quantity reduced
has made the price of that staple low.
Texas and other States further south
can produce it cheaper than this section.
There is no longer any profit IN cotton
to our armers If Il big crop IS made
next year. as is likely. the price will not
be over / or > cents a pound.
The culture of bright tobacco for
many yeals has been gradually extend
ing further east. until at last many
farmers Of this section have gone into
lDt:lctp culture anu IlIsitit liIoIlt - IT,.
Go in the old cotton counties of Edge
conbe. Wilson, Green. Pitt and n num-
her of others. and YOU will find the old
gin houses gone down and tobacco barns
erected in every direction; the farmers
paving off their old cotton mortgages
and moving Onward with new life and
viyor!
The raising of fine bright tobacco is
largely confined to the territory Of East
ern Carolina. and the demand is much
greater than we can fill.
1t is stated that 4 pound Of tobacco
can be made at considerably less cost
than q pound of cotton. If the farmer
will plant Il few acres in tobacco at
tend to it properly he will probably
make more on it than on n big acreage
in cotton. Good tobacco will always
command good prices. ami even ordinary
tobacco pays better than cotton. There
is only less. of course III making poor to-
bacco as there is in making 4 poor arti-
Gle of any kind.
This section is we'll adapted to the.
growth Of fine tobacco and We believe
the farmer who fails to plant some to-
bacco will make 4 great mistake.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25

70 a fair remuneration for 5hcir labor.
An over-supply Is the oIly reason why
they have 10 sell G.UDO.WH to ,'hkl
bales of cotton to foreign spinner; With
out profit.
The cotton crop can and should be
made the most profitable in thus country.
II is wholly tlle planters fault tnat sUcn
is not THE case. - the figures in this
lc,ter clearly show.
The cotton interest Of every kind.
everywhere, would prefer an advancing
market 10 a declining one. Zoti prices
10 poor ones. because trade IN I'll OF Is
qualifications IS ~quickened thereof. Even
the consumers of cotton goods are 80
slightly affected by an advance Of ever
two OF three cents per pound in the raw
material that they are not unwilling that
the PLANTER be well paid for ms labor.
But. if the planting i%nteress of the
South continue to increase cotton acre
age year after year, continual loss u;
inevitable.
The mere fact that 4 large crop has
been planted affects the price adversely
at once. and continues to atf 1T i dnt:I
the crop has been marketed. Il If the
planters of the South would determine
10 largely reduce the acreage, n fayorabf"
influence upon prices and the cotton
trade Of the world would at once be
come apparent.
by the systematic and co-oparaliv"
action between the merchants ana
planters the cotton crop mus. !H kept
within reasonable trade demands or Csc
destroy the most valuable source Of proiir
I Othe mercantile and agricultural in
tcreSt of the South. For the good Of
all concerned it would be infinitely bet
ter any year to make a million bales less
cotton than half a million bales more
than necessary.
The material welfare of the South
is more dependent upon her cotton croD
than upon all other sources nt income
combined, and it is entirely with the
planters and cotton commission mef-
chants to determine whether the value
of this crop shall from year TO year %
Il source of ANNUALLY increasing profit
or Il source Of disappointment and loss.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
MANGUM STOLE TOBACCO.
lie Made His Confession Before Henry
Clay.
lfrom the indianapolis Journal.)

no
Grom the Indianapolis Journal)
/ came to Terrc Haute to have u cha
with Il man who saw Thomas jefferson.
who was handled on the knees Of James
Madison, whose boyieh hpad was pattcl
by Monroe, who saw John Quincy Al
ANS when he was in the White House
and was serving with him in Congress
when he dropped dead in the Hall OF
Representatives. the Hon. Richard W.
Thompson Of Indiana.
Il see that YOU use tobacco, Mr..
Thompson" said | pointing to the
cigar he was smoking.
Il think man would be a great deal
better off without it." replied Col.
Thompson. Il have used it. but | hav..
a strong constitution, and my temperance
N other things has enabled me to Wit
stand its bad effects. Once ] chewed to-
BlccO to excess. but | have not used
it in that way for 30 years.
How did you come to stop chewing.
Culonel:"
There is quite n story in that" was
the reply. "I0u see, almost all young
men cllewed tobacco % years ago.
had a qua i'll my mouth almost all the
time. | was particular as to what
brand Of tobacco | used, and when "A
friend of mine from Virginia presented
me with Il lot of very fine plug tobacco
| took it with me to the House of Rep
resentatives and laid it away in my
desk. was, you know, then u mem
Der Of Congress. There were a lot a.
other tobacco chewcrs sitting near u.
Tom Marshall of Kentucky was on uu.
side, Garrett Davis was on the other.
and there We're good fellows all around
me- 80 l passed my tItbit around. There
was a good lot Of tobacco, and | supplied
the party. | noted, however. that the
plugs seemed to he going faster than
was right. and it bothered me. For
a short time ! suspected the page boys,
and accused them Of stealing my tobac-
co. They denied it.
"At last one morning a page came to
me and said: Mr.. Thompson, 1 can
tel you who IS stealing your tobacco.
1t is Senator Mangum Of North Caro-
lima | at once went to the Senate and
found Henry Clay and Mangum sitting
together. both chewing busily. | charged
Mangum with the theft. He owned np
to it, and told me that he did il for my
good. T~Fhereupon Henry Clay broke n.
and the two gave me q lecture on the
evil effects Of tobacco-chewing. They told
me that | was chewing too much, and
that | would certainly ruin my nervous
system if l did not stop.
I'm short, they made such an i'm
preston upon me that after supper that
night i did not take my usual chew. My
wife noticed the omission. but said moth
ing. | Thought the matter over after
| went to bed that night and decided to
stop. | gave away what tobacco I had
left. and I have not chewed from that
day to this"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
MONEY IN
Truckers and Planters Journal.

There is no money in cotton. That
seems to be the universal verdict. Or
perhaps it would be more nearly correct
to say. there is too much money in cot
ton-more than the growers get out of it.
He is. therefore, necessarily. a loser.
At the recent convention Of cotton grow
ers it was recommended that less of it
lie grown, and that the planter turn his
attention to other productions. But
what shall they be? Why not chickens?
There is money in chickens, and money
is what the farmer wants.
The market for poultry products is
almost unlimited, and the cash value
of the products of the poultry yards of
the nation is greater than the value of
the annual wheat crop.
IN the North and West this is becom-
ing Il great industry. Almost every town
has its poultry house where tons upon
tons Of poultry are bought, dressed and
shipped every winter, thus putting thou
sands OF dollars into the pockets OF the
thrifty farmers.
Poultry can be Just as easily and Just
as prOtitably raised in the South as in
The North. Broilers for the early spring
and summer markets can be raised to
even better advantage. In the more
rigorous climate of the North much more
trouble and cXnenSe are necessary to
raise chickens during the winter and
spring months than would be necessary
here. No expensive chicken houses, with
artificial heating arrangements, are
needed. 1t never gets toe cold for the
little chicks to do we'll with ordinary
protection. The prices, especially for
choice early b~roilers, are very satisfac-
tory. not infreqnently being p cents
and more q pound. \. good incubator or
two, run steadily from now on for sew
eral months would be 4 more profitable
investment than Il cotton farm. But
III this ease. as we'll as in all others,
whatever is worth doing is worth doing
well. and good poultry which brings gilt
edge prices cannot be raised from the
degenerate stock which inhabits the
average barn-yard. Get good stock to
start with. The best all-round chicken,
perhaps, is the Plymouth Rock, or the
Wyandotte. If cotton does not pay
and 1t does not-why not try chickens?
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25

afher reason for the rise Should ther"
Be- n full crop grown this year there Wi.
certainly he Il considerable drop. ana
should the WELD break all records. a i
not unlikely with 80 many more farmers
engaged III tile production. il will be aS
uppdohtaile a. cotton has proved under
similar conditions. Tn. new tobacco
growers Viii not H. benefited and the
oil ones Will be hurt.
70 advise the cotton planters 10 dlrett
their attention to some other crop imam
tobacco would probably be a waste II
time. We are not advising. them. They
are making the mistake Of jumping ont Of
the frying pan into the fire. and we ar"
only giving them Il hint 10 that eff".t.
They may heed or ignore il. just rs they
nlpaSc.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
COTTON SEED MEAL FOR CATTLE

Sometime recently we published Il Clip
ping containing G.sraragemcnts to feed
ing cotton seed meal and husks to cattle.
We hasten to place before our readers
the following from the Bulletin that we
deem the best of authority, favorable
to the feeding of both:
Rather extensive experiments have
been performed at this station by McSsrS.
Emery and Kilgore ON the feeding of cot
ton seed meal. and the hulls ;s we'll, to
cattle. Cotton seed meal. when fresh
IS a bright yellow. with Il sweet, nutty
flavor. which Us pleasant to the palate.
Some samples contain brown or black
supckS from hnlls ground into the meal.
This is either an accidental impurity or
an intentional adult1ration. Cotton seed
meal deteriorates with age and becomes
discolored. 1t is probable that feeding
this aged meal, in which chemical
changes have taken place. is the cause Of
the prejudice against its use. We found
that some danger accompanies the feed
ing Of cotton seed meal to very young
stock. but with mature stock the fresh
meal has been fed with utmost freedom.
with good effect. and no possible harm
has resulted. The meal is the richest
nitrogenous b~y-proGudt known, which
can Ee utilized as Il cattle food. Like
other cattle foods rich N heterogeneous
matter, it requires the addition, in or
der to secure the best results. of a sufti-
cicnt quantity of carbo-hydrateS to give
a We'll balanced ration. The StockraiSer>
i'll the North use the meal very largely.
and il they can afford to do so, and pay
the transportation charges. which must
be large on account of the distance. the
eyes of the Southern people should tp'
opened to its value. The meal is used
frequently aS Il composing material. and
while on account of the large percentage
of ammonia and smaller mounts Of
phosphoric acid and potash. it is valua-
bic for this purpose, we consider that I
is much more economical to use 1t as 4
feeding stuff. The nutrients in cotton
seed meal have Il very high co-efficlent
digeStibility. ! can answer, therefor.
that this experiment station can. with
out hesitation. recommend the use or
fresh cotton seed meal for mature cattle.
if a sufficient quantity Of c~arbonaceous
matter lis added to give a we'll balanced
ration.
Very respectfully,
w. \. WITHERS.
Chemist and Acting Director.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
OUT OF THE FRYING PAN INTO
THE FIRE.
(Southern Tobacco Journal.)

Reports come from eastern North Car
DINA and from South Carolina that the
tobacco acreage of those sections will be
largely increased this year, the result OF
the very low price of cotton that prevails.
we see that in some counties Il fifty per
cent increase is predicted. Many farm
ers that had stuck to the tieecy staple
have become discouraged at receiving
only five cents Il pound for their pro
duct. and will turn their attention to
raising ''brights," which, are selling pref
ty We'll at present. in the expectation
of obtaining better results from their Ia
Dor and Investments. In this. however.
we are afraid that they will be much
disappointed.
Tobacco is fetching a fair price because
the 1897 crop was Il medium size one
because it was short There 5 no
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
THE NEW COTTON.
This Section Will Grow Some of the
Famous Jackson LimbleSs Cotton.

The Jackson African Limbless cotton
IS the new product about which so much
has been said. 1t has been grown by
Mr.. Thomas Jackson. of Atlanta, for
the past three years. and is said by cot
ton experts to be the finest cotton
grown in the world. 1t is long staple
and fine of texture and good judges Of
cotton have pronounced it superior co
Sea Island. It has no limbs. but the
hollis grow in great abundance on the
stalk. 1t is planted from six to eight
inches apart and the stalks grow from
s TO II feet high, having on them from
40 to 100 hollis to the stalk, making from
three and one half to six bales Der
acre.
The cotton has sold in Atlanta this
season at 10 cents per pound.
A limited quantity Of these Jackson
Limbless seed have been secured
by Mcssrs. Wyatt and Hunter, of Raj
eisll. a part of which they will sell in
packages of 100 seed at 100 per pack
age, sent to my address in the State
on receipt Of price.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-01-25
TOBACCO AGAINST COTTON.

According to calculations of the Oar
l;ngton News, with Maj. j. J. Lucas, Of
Society Hill. S. c.. as agricultural au-
thority. Darlington county raises 1000
acres of tobacco, of $50 pounds each, at
I cents. Gotten averaged half bale to
the acre. Tobacco represents $500 per
acre: and cotton. at 30 pounds per
acre. and Il cents per pound, SO. 70
bacco is. therefore. four times as profit
able to make. and will result in more to-
bacco and less cotton made.
Tobacco brings the county S24O,OOO
gross; cotton sec, OOO-so that farmers
are S1SO.OO0 better off in Darlington. by
virtue of planting this much tobacco in
place of cotton for Il money crop.
can article rs determined to be money
by reason of the performance by it of
certain functions without regard to it's
form or substance."-Appleton's Ency-
clopedia.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1898-06-17
SAVINGS BANK FOR SOLDIERS.
Run by the Government for Sums OF
Not Less than Five Dollars.

1t may not generally be known that
for many years the general government
has conducted a savings bank for the
accommodation of certain citizens, says
the Kansas City Journal. An act Of
congress of the date of May Is, l72, pro-
vides that any soldier in the army may
deposit with any paymaster his savings
in sums not less than S., and it shall be
the duty of the paymaster to supply the
soldier with q deposit book, in which
are entered the amounts of his depos-
its. When the deposits have reached
the sum of $50 the government is re-
quired to pay the depositor interest at
the rate Of per cent. per annum. Hav-
ing once deposited a sum of money the
depositor is not permitted to draw it
until the date of his discharge. The de-
posits are exempt from attachment for
debt, but they forfeit to the government
if the depositor deserts from the army.
The government assumes the responsible
ity for all such deposits and a defaulting
paymaster can work the soldiers no in
jury. Paymaster Rucker once told the
writer that about 80 per cent. OF the en-
listed men in the regular army availed
themselves of this privilege.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1898-06-17
WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING,
Funas Necessary for lee Rreetaes
Have Been Secured.

Spokane, June l0.-There will doubt
less be two exhibits Of ore from Washing
ton at the Omaha expedition. One will -
in the mining building where It II OK.
pected to compare favorably with the ex-
hibits from states that have seen many
more years Of development in mines. The
other will be in the Washington state
builing. For Washington is to have
building after all.
Some time ago the commission aban-
doned the idea owing to lack Of time but
Seattle and Tacoma were not satisfied.
The builing itself was intended to be .
handsome display Of washington's lum.
Der interests and there was disappoint-
ment when It was decided not to erect it.
Yesterday Captain c. II. Thompson re-
ceived a message from Chairman Thomp-
son OF the commission sating that Seattle
and Tacoma have raised the necessary
funds and the building will be erected.
1t was also stated that the grounds has
been secured and the work of preparing
the lumber and all the construction that
can be done in the state will be done at
once and the material shipped at an early
day at Omaha.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1898-06-17
BRUTAL CRIME IN BUTTE.
Little Ethel Gill Murdered by Some
Fiend.

Butte. Mont, June ll.-Ethel Gill,
aged 8 years, disappeared from her home
on South Ohio street on Thursday even
ing. This morning her dead body was
found in an clubhouse several blocks
from the residence of her parents. The
condition of the body showed plainly she
had been outraged and the marks about
her neck indicated that she had been
strangled to death.
The police think they have the man
who committed the crime. He was ar
rested about an hour after the girls alb
sence was noted. The police wanted him
on suspicion of burglary. They found
him in the lumber yard not so feet from
the Clubhouse There were blood stains
on his clothes and when questioned about
them he could give no satisfactory an
swer. When today's discovery was made
the police thought of this circumstance
Since then witnesses have been found
who will swear they saw the man and
the child together on the evening OF her
disappearance and shortly before his ar
rest. The man gave the name of Chas.
Smith. but is also known to the police
as Higgins.
| May Not he the Man.
| Butte. Mont. June l2.-Thousands of
people today visited the scene OF the muir
der of little Ethel Gill and hundreds went
to the county Jail to see the man who is
suspected of it. They were in hopes OF
being able to identify Charles Smith as
the man who had been seen in various
PARTS of the city making indecent ad-
vances toward young girls and children.
None of them were able to do so, how
ever. and some of the authorities are be-
ginning to waver little in their faith
that they have the right man. They are
bending every effort to find the guilty
marty. and most of them think Smith is
the man.
One feature of the case is that when
the little girl did not come home to sup
ner and the anxious mother went to look
for her. she was attracted by the crowd
that had gathered around the officer who
arrested Smith on a charge OF burglary
This was not over 25 feet from the out
house in which the body OF the child was
found later, and where it was, no doubt
at the time.
Not realizing that she had any interest
in the arrest, the mother passed on ant
continued her search.
The ellis have been following the race
horses over the western circuit, botl
father and mother acting as cooks.