davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

Blankets, slightly soiled from
handling, you get big value in
these-S1.75, 1926, 50. so
and SO. so a pair.
One case heavy dark Gray
Servants Blankets at 75c a
pair.
Two cases excellent Grey
Blankets at 81 and 1925 q
pair.
Wonderful value in a great
big 1874; all fine wool Blanket
Fine all wool Scarlet
Blankets at SIS pair
One case heavy white ia
Blankets to go at 81 pair.
Crib Blankets, the best
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
LIVES DESPITE HIS NAMING.
Alphabet Exhausted in Recording a Bos-
toms Baby Birth

Boston. Jan. 6 This is the name of g
child whose parents live on Garden
street, and whose birth has been duly re-
corded with City Registrar Whitnore:
Charles Henry Edward Mees Sida Ando-
hUhataugateafiafy Alnmakahawenetikin
ajutsisan Tsecanapititsotranja
rohaza Chinka Chula Hamadoe Francis.
sFThe father is native of Montreal
The mother is n native of Richmond.
The child WIS born OIL December 30 and
is we'll
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
WILLIAM f. ENGLISH WEBS.
Both the Happy Parties Married Before
Indianapolis Surprised

Indianapolis Surprised.
Indianapolis, Ind, Jan. CIV. E. En-
gliah. of this city, eN-Congressman and
son of the late William H. English, and
Mrs. Helen Orr Pfaff surprised their In
dianapolis friends and were married to
day at noon by the Kew. j. a. Granam,
pastor of Christ Episcopal Church Both
wei e previously married.
Mr.. English was married to Anna Jo-
sephine Fox, a we'll uown actressin 1880.
She has been dead several years Mrs.
Helen Orr English graduated from the
indianapolis High School in the class of
$500, and shortly afterward was married
to schoolmate, Johr a. Pfaff. In 1896
ty, Colorado. She has since resided in
indianapolis.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
M,FARLAND'S CASE.

Parkersburg, w. Va, Jan. 6.-The
January term OF the United States court
begins here on the 10th. Lee B. McFar-
land. the eX-teller of the Second National
Bank here. who is indicted for embez-
zling SAG, 900 of the banks money..will be
tried 1t is rumored that Mcfarland viii
plead guilty and ask the mercy of the
court. The case Will he tried by Judge
Jackson and not by Judge n. Golf, AS
has been printed
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

Don't he persuaded into buying lin-
ments without reputation CIR merit
Chamherlain's Pain Balm costs no more,
and its merits have been proven by a test
of many years. Such letters as the fol.
lowing, from i. q Bagley, Hueneme, Cal,
are constantly being received: 1.-The best
remedy for pain have ever used is
Chamberlain Pain Balm, and say 50
after having used it in my family for sew
eral years. 1t cures rheumatism, Jane
back, sprains and swellings. For sale by
u. c: Barnes, 'He puts up prescrip-
ti0ns."
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
Corner Salem ave. and Jefferson street.
RAID ON SENATOR QUAY.
Business Men of Quaker City In Politica
Arms.

Philadelphia, Jan. G.-At meeting of
the executive committee of business men
this afternoon action vas taken in the
direction of an active Republican cam
psign for governor. and "a movement to
oppose the re- election of Senator Quay.
it was decided to inaugurate the cam
paign within two weeks and active pre-
partitions for it have begun. One of the
members or the executive committee has
expressed u choice of q candidate for gov
ernor, but the movement is believed to
favor Attorney General Mccormick as
Governor Hastings successor, and John
Wanamaker for Senator. The business
men propose to make the fight an aggres-
sive one.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
STRICTLY UP.TO-DATE.

Bonner's Restaurant, the leading res
taurant Of the city, needs no recommen-
dation, as everything served is first class
in every respect. The oysters you see
there are the finest ever brought to Roa-
noke. You can get them served in every
conceivable manner. The lunch counter,
run in connection with the restaurant, is
certainly up-to dale. Visit this place
and get something good to eat. You 90
once and you will 20 the second time.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
THE ALLIANCE AT PORTSMOUTH
Hazardous Passage From Staten Island.
One of the Boilers Leaking Badly

Portsmouth, n. H., Jan. Git is I'M
derstood here that the United States
training ship Alliance had, to say the
least, II somewhat hazardous passage
from -Tompkinsville, s. l., to Ports
mouth. The Alliance anchored for the
night off Gayhead Light, in Vineyard
Sound, on January /, because of high
winds and heavy..seas and the shoal local
ity. Tie greatest danger, however, it ap-
pears was in the fact that one of the
boilers of the Alliance began leaking
badly, and another became unfit for use
through the collapse of its crown sheet.
The Alliance left Staten Island on De.
cember 3 ut 30 p m, and al rived here
at lO:30 a. III. to day.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
DROWNED wHILE SKATING

Stnanton. Va, Jan. 6--To-day Myron
Brown. while skating with a party of
friends on North river, near Bridgewater,
bIoke in, and before he could be rescued
was drowned. The body was recovered.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
ORDERED RELEASED.

Jacksonville, Fla, Jan. 6.-Tht Gov
eminent ordered the Dauntless to be re-
leased to-day after a months detention
being unable to secure sufficient evidence
against her.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
meres for mems and boys
pants.
GREAT SALE OF COMFORTS.

We have a big lot bought
for the cold weather; doubtless
you have felt the need of these
and are prepared to appreciate
the sterling values named be
low.
Heavy Comforts at a cents,
usually worth 59c.
Heavy Comforts. the 75c
kind going now at SOC.
Extra Heavy Comforts, larg-
est size, 75c, usually 81.
Large Comforts filled with
clean cotton, SOC, surely worth
81.
Two bales Extra Heavy
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
MRS. NACKS ,TRIAL.

New York, Jan. G.-Mrs Mack, the
confessed accomplish .of Martin Thorn,
will be arraigned before Justice Gnrret
son in the.snpreme court at Long Island
City on Monday afternoon.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

Comforts, covered with satteen,
the S1.39 kind, now S1.19.
One Bale Extra Heavy Sat
teen Comforts, We're 81. so, re-
duced to $1.25.
Finer grades filed with white
carded cotton, at S1.5O TO SO
each.
Finest Grades Eiderdown
Comforts, heavy and large, at
$5 and Sc. so each.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
BARDLEY,S FINE S7OO. 600.

Lincoln, Neb.. Jan. G.--The supreme
court oday affirmed the decision OF the
lower court, sentencing ev-State Treas
urer Bardlev to twenty-one years in tho
penitentiary, and to pay IL fine of $780,
000
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
WAGE REDUCTIONS.

Fall River. Mass, Jan. 6.-Notices OF a
reduction IN wages of HIP per cent
have been posted in the cotton mills
owned by NJ. c. Borden. All mills are
now running full under the new rate AS
expected. cloth went off with the reduc-
tons, the price dropping to day to 9 SIG,
the lowest on record.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
Havoc Sale of Blankets.

Small lots and odd pairs
without regard to value.
so pairs Grey and White
Blankets will be closed this
week for 45c a pair.
s pairs Heavy White 1914
Blankets for 75c; worth 81 a
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

SEXTON'S Toe load of wood contains
as much as the 81 loads you get from
country wagons. He's measured them
and knows. Phone 81 or 105 for load
and you'll see.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

THE BELLED TEAMS ARE STILL
RUNNING. w. X. ANDREWS & Co,
the OLDEST FIRM OF COAL AND
WOOD DEALERS in the city, are AT
THE OLD STAND, go Salem avenue,
ready to serve YOU on short notice
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

The Celebrated Androscoggn Mills Bleached Muslin ST
cents
Turkey Red Caicoes with black dots and figures all the
stores get Sc for there it goes for cents
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
We Want
To Say To
Every Man

who is not Perfectly satisfied with his
furnishing store that we would like to
satisfy him. If you have no fault to
find we do not want your trade. We
can't do any more than perfectly satisfy
you. Our styles are the latest, our stock
is large and we charge you just enough
to insure good quality. For instance Earl
& Wilson Collars and Cuffs, Manhattan
Shirts, PERKINS, and Dents Gloves. Wa.
terhousc Neckwear, Dunlap Hats, &c.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

UNDERWEAR BARGAIN.-About IS dozen Chidrens
White Wool Vests and Pants in sizes "A 81 Sold former
ly high 75c for the larger These have been put
in one lot, and you have your choice for 33
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

Fruit of the Loom Beached Muslin cents
Good quality Lonslae Cambria at 5 cents
Good Crash Towelng in Beached and Gray others
Sc for it-only 3 cents.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07

Breakfast 25 cents; dinner, 25 cents;
supper, 20 cents. Meal tickets, 81. j.
j. Catogni's restaurant
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
values you can get, s1.25,
Sl.75, 50, 50. SO and So a pair
WONDERFUL CLOAK VALUES.

The cold weather is upon us
ana heayy wraps are indispen-
sable. Come and get one of
these. Tell your servants
about them.
81 Ladies' Extra Heavy Jack
cts, just the proper kind for
this cold weather; they were
81, now only So.
8 Misses Jackets, u to 1s
years, were IS, now only 50. rs.
There are still a few of the
Ladies Jackets that were $40,
$50, SO. so, SIS and SIG. 30
your choice of the lot 81. so.
The Roanoke times. (Roanoke, Va.) 1897-1977, 1898-01-07
D. NJ. TAYLOR.
Halter and Furnisher.
112 Jefferson Street
CHICAGO PRODUCE MARKET.

Chicago, Jan. 6.-The leading flu
lures closed as follows:
Wheat
The herald., 1898-04-03

REV. A. GQCKLEY who resides at 7sS North Fair
Oaks avenue, Pasadena offers grateful testimony to prs
Shores skill. Rev. Mr.. Gockley is minister Of the
United Evangelical Church and has been preaching the
gospel thrtyeight years. He was the pastor Of the
Evangelical Church at Harrison and hoyne avenue at
Sedgwck and Wisconsin streets, Twelfth and Union
avenue, Chicago, for very many years. Mr.. Gockey
says: =" have had Catarrh Of the head and have ssf
fered from Catarrhal deafness and discharge Of the
for sxtytwo years. resulting from attack of scarlet
fever when years of age Since that time have been
quite hard of hearing. | began treatment with Drs.
Shores three months ago. and result Of their remark
able treatment my Catarrh trouble has gone apd the
discharge from the ears, which has troubled me since
childhood, has stopped There has been such marked
improvement in my hearing that everybody who knows
me has noticed it. desire to thoroughly indorse Drs.
Shores treatment, and have recommended it to many
friends Drs. Shores have kept their word with me-"
The herald., 1898-04-03
MExIco's CONGRESS
The Spring Session Opened by Presi-
dent Diaz

The Spring Session Opened by Presi-
dent Diaz
CITY OF MEXICO, April 2-President
Diaz opened the spring session of congress
last night. The president stated that
Mexico had denounced the extradition
treaty with the United States on account of
the fact that it enables the common de-
linquents who escape into the United
States to resist their extradition on the
plea that they were political offenders.
The treaty will cease to be operative on
January 26 Of the coming year. The presi-
dent makes no illusions to the Cuban Ques-
tion After dealing with the foreign rela-
lions, the president, according to custom
gives an exhaustive review of the internal
affairs of the republic. He says the ex-
portation Of gold and silver ores Is rapidly
increasing, and that the domestic indus
tries are being built up through the low
price of silver.
The treasury still continues to hold q
substantial surplus
The president exhorts the legislature, in
discussing the budget for the coming year
which begins July LIST next, to adhere
strictly to principles of wise and enlight-
ened economy.
The herald., 1898-04-03

gize Presiden McKinley's statesnansNip
and express confidence that whatever he
ultimately decides will be dicta ted by some
good reason.
United States Ambassador Andrew D.
White in an interview said that thus far.
acting under instructions from Washing
ton, he had not formally inquired Of the
German government what Its attitude
would be in tho event Of war. He bad now
ertheless been repeatedly assured infor-
mally by Baron Won Buslow that Germany
will in no case assume an unfriendly attl-
tude toward the United States nor Join in
any possible combination Of the powers
having that end in view. In regard to En-
peror Williams PERSONAL views. Mr.. White
said his majesty had been grossly misrep-
resented by the foreign press. The en-
peror has repeatedly given Mr.. White to
understand that he felt most favorably dis
posed toward the United States and his
sympathies are with the United States In
this crisis. It is learned on unexce optional
authority that so far from the Sunday
Specials dispatches from Berlin Of Satur-
day last being Emperor Williams views,
the facts are that soon after the loss Of the
battleship Maine, during dinner party
his majesty asked @ number Of AdmiralA
for their opinion as to the cause Of the dis
aster. The admirals thought 1t was due to
an internal explosion; whereupon the en-
peror briefly remarked that he differed
from them. Since then he has repeated his
opinion on several occasions.
BISMARCKS BIRTHDAY
In honor Of the birthday of Prince Bis
marck it has been decided to give his old
head forester, Lange. the full amour. Of
pension he claimed, and for which he sued
the prince.
1t is worthy Of note that in toasting
Prince Bismarck on board the Kaiser Will
helm der Crosse, Emperor William referred
to him as "his serene highness." This ap-
pears to be the final acceptance Of a situa-
ton forced upon Emperor William by the
former chancellor, who has always re-
fused to acknowledge the title Of Duke Of
Laurenburg. which the emperor wishes
him to be known under.
The herald., 1898-04-03
GORING OF A GERMAN OK
CAUSES A VHANoE IN TEuToNIC
OPINION
MURDER OF GERMANS IN CUBA
Has Promptly Convinced the Country
That American Demands on
Spain Are Entirely Just
Associated Press Special Wire

Associated Press Special Wire
BERLIN, April 2.-(Copyrig'ht, 1881 The
sentiment In Germany in official and I'M
official circles early today was that the
Hispano-American crisis has veered con-
siderably during the course Of the week,
and Is now decidedly more favorable to the
United States. This, 1t is asserted, is due
partly to the moderation of President Nc
Kinley and the conservative manner in
which United States Minister Woodford
has dealt with the authorities at Madrid,
and partly to the bitterness engendered by
the alleged wanton attack of a band Of In
surgents upon the German sugar refineries
at Cannamaba in the Trinidada, in the
province of Santa Clara, and the murder
Of four persons connected with the refin-
cry, on March Is, which has taught Ger
many that Spain is unable to protect even
the lives of foreigners in Cuba. AS previ-
ously announced. the German foreign office
is demanding immediate and full redress
for this outrage, and a German warship
will soon be sent to Havana If satisfaction
is not forthcoming in short order. The
Spanish ambassador here. Senior Mendez
de Vigo, had had lengthy conferences with
|
for foreign affairs who convinced the am
bassador that Germany intended to have
complete satisfaction, including an indem-
nifty for the property destroyed and for the
lives taken
The ambassador was also informed that
unless the redress was Forthcoming Ger
many would herself act. secure damages
and punish the offenders. AS an incentive
to quick reparation, Baron Won Buelow
added that provisional orders had been
cabled to the captain Of the German war;
ship Gieer to call in the direction of Cuba.
The Spanish ambassador promised that
he would exert himself to the utmost to
comply with the German demands.
The newspapers here are also changing
their line, and now concede in the main
the justice of the American demands, ac-
knowledging that Washington has acted
with moderation which many another gov
eminent would not have shown under SIM
liar circumstances. The Cologne Gazette,
the vossische Ze.tung, the Lokal Anzeiger
and other leading newspapers highly eulo-
The herald., 1898-04-03

made all the running and maintained his
lead of three lengths until the saddling
paddock was reached, when the rapid pace
began to tell, and he exhibited signs Of
faltering. Clayton, however, rated him
along with admirable judgment and the
colt lasted long enough to beat out, the
fast-coming Borgia by length. Recrea-
ton was third, three lengths behind Bor-
gia. The latter colt, who is full brother
to The Roman, furnished the sensation of
the day, as this was his initial start. He
was badly messed about. and, coming from
the rear division in the stretch, rapidly
overhauled the leader, and doubtless would
have annexed the rich event had there
been a few yards further to travel. Borgia
is by Imp. Brutus-L edette, and is owned by
the Elmwood stock farm of San Jose. His
creditable showing against field of top
notchers in his maiden start stamps him
as the best three-year-old of the season.
Boots has experienced very poor luck with
his horses in the big stakes during the
past few years, for although his horses
have on all occasions finished inside the
money, he has been unable to place one of
these events to his credit.
Weather fine; track fast. Results:
Six furlongs, selling-St. Philip won,
Octuruck second, Glen Anne third; time,
1:161k.
Six furlongs. selling-Abina won, Daily
Racing Form second, r. @. Ban third;
time, Ills.
One mile, over four hurdles-Veragua
won, Our Climate second, Zamloch third;
time, 1:4914.
The California derby. value $4,000. mile
and quarter-Traverser won, Borgia Sec
ond, Recreation third; time, 2:081s.
One mile, handicapped Ullman won
won, Lbertine second. Myth third; time
1:41.
Six furlongs, selling-Good Friend won
McLight second, valencienne third; time
1:13A.
Four furlongs-Formero won, Santello
second. Sevens third; time, 0:4SA.
The Hatures of the day were the running
of Hugh Penny, who ran the fastest mile
The herald., 1898-04-03
On the Diamond

SAN FRANCISCO, April s-The game
of the Pacific States Baseball league played
at Central park today resulted in VIC
tory for the Oakland team, which defeated
the nine from San Jose by score Of 70 to
q. Although errors and bases on balls were
over-plentiful. the contest abounded in
long hits and daring base running.
The Oaklands and San Joses OF the Cali
fornia Baseball league put up the livslisst
game Of ball seen this season. 1t was re-
plete with heavy batting and fine throwing.
Comparatively few errors were made, con-
sidering the hot and snappy play, due to
heavy batting. The score was; Oakland
IA, San Jose z.
The herald., 1898-04-03
THE CALIFORNIA DERBY
CALLS OUT A GOOD STRING OF
YOUNGSTERS
THE WORST START EVER SEEN
Gave Traverser an Advantage of
Which He Never Let Go-other
Race Results
Associated Press Special Wire

Associated Press Special Wire
SAN FRANCISCO, April 1.-The second
California derby, the blue ribbon event Of
the Pacific coast turf, was decided at In
gleside today. The Burns & Waterhouse
chestnut colt Traverser, by Imp. Rossing-
ton-Betsy Brock, ridden by Lonnie Clay
ton, winning cleverly in 2:0SA. This event
is a sweepstakes for s-year-olds, at a mile
and a quarter, with guaranteed value Of
$4,000.
Seven Of the crack 3-year-olds now IN
training on the coast made UP select field,
which for class and breeding has seldom
IL ever been equaled in classic events con-
tested before California audience. Burns
& Waterhouse were represented by the
cream Of their immense stable-Traverser,
Recreation and Napamax-a trio that was
considered good enough to run one, two,
three by followers of the sport. The stable
divided favoritism at post time with w. l..
Appleby's Linstock. with Jockey Tod
Sloan in the saddle. Two to one was the
ruling price on these contestants, the odds
fluctuating more or less The race had a
very open appearance, however, and 1t Is
believed that as much money was wagered
on the chances of the other three entries
as poured in on the favorites.
| Contrary to the general expectation, the
start was one of the poorest ever given In
an event Of this Importance, the field
being somewhat strung out as the barrier
was raised, and Napamax, considered the
most dangerous Of the Burns and Water.
house entry, was caught in the webbing
and left. Before Clawson could Olsen.
tangle his mount the balance Of the field
had traversed fully a quarter of a mile
After trailing in pursuit of the field for q
furlong or two, Clawson, realizing the
helplessness Of such case, wisely pulled
up his mount
Traverser was the first to show in front
as the barrier flew up, and passing the
stand had increased his lead to three
lengths. His stable mate Recreation
upon whom Thorpe had the mount, took
good care to keep the second division at a
respectable distance from the flying leader
and in doing so repeatedly cut Off Lin.
stock, which greatly initiated against the
! lattcrs chances Of winning. Travcrsel
The herald., 1898-04-03

CATARRH OF BRONCHIAL TUBES
When Catarrh Of the head and throat is
neglected or wrongly treated. it extends
down the windpipe Into the bronchial tubes
and after awhile attacks the lungs. Quick
ly cured with little cost by Doctors Shores
New System.
Have you cough?
Are you losing flesh?
Do you cough at night?
Have you pain in side?
Do you take cold easily?
Is your appetite variable?
Have you stitches in the side?
Do you cough until you gag?
Are you low-spirited at times?
Do you raise frothy material?
Do you spit up yellow matter?
Do you cough on going to bed?
Do you cough in the mornings?
Is your cough short and hacking?
Do you spit up little cheesy Jumps?
Have you disgust for fatty foods?
Is there tickling behind the palate?
Have you pain behind the breast bone?
Do you feel you are growing weaker?
Is there burning pain in the throat?
Do you have to Sit UP at night to get breath +?
If you have these symptoms you have
catarrh of the bronchial tubes. Stop ii
before 1t reaches the lungs.
CATARRH OF HEAD AND THROAT
This form of Catarrh most commoi1-re.
sulting from neglected colds-quckly cured
with very little cost by Doctors Shores
New System.
Is the breath foul?
The herald., 1898-04-03

ever made on the track, and caused the
owner and horse to be ruled of. Hugh Pen
ny showed how easily he could beat the
best mile ever put up at Little Rock.
Thursday he could not untrack himself
and finished with the "also rams" Owner
Ross and his associates were ordered to
take the horse OF the grounds.
AT NASHVILLE
NASHVILLE. Tenn. April 2-Weather
fair; track good.
Half mile, selMng-Luck Blaxes won,
Leberanton second. Toproller third; time,
0:51A.
Seven furlongs, seDling-Carlotta c. won,
Little Music second, DR.. Work third; time,
1:31.
Half mile, Duncan Hotel stake-Black
Venus won, Dolly Regent second, Tourist
third; time, 0:5O1s.
Six furlongs, sellingLTeesie l.. won, Holy
Land second. Haco third; time, 1:l7N
Seven furlongs-Wilson won, Lady of the
West second, Bombardon third; time. 1850.
| Six furlongs. gentlemen r4ders-Para-
mount (Mr. Jackson) won, 6pinder Ont.
Whlte) second, Robert Latta (Mr. Jackson)
third; time. 1:1S.
AT LITTLE ROCK
LITTLE ROCK, Ark, April 2-Weather
clear; track fast. Results:
| Half mile-Eleven Slipper won, Mona B
second, o Nativia third; time, 0:52.
Six furiongs, selMng-Chance won, Eito.
lin second, Tony Honiff third; time, III
| Five furlongs, seiling-Lennep won
Spanish Princess second, Hanobelle third
time, 1:0314.
Iron Mountain Railway selling stake
The herald., 1898-04-03

Against the Assertion That Mexico Will Extend Aid
to Spain in Case of War

HAVANA, April 2-(special to The Herad) The
consugenea who has just returned from Mexico
General Blanco will support
Of with the States
q dgnant and have protested to Diaz.
Ell Correro under PRESSURE that Hayti
mingo have soemnly pledged themselves give
= States privileges.