davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
Geography Of the Philippines.

We know that the islands composing
the archipelago of the Philippines are
almost innumerable; from Is to 20 are
rather large, and about 200 of them are
small, some are mere points on the sur
face of the Pacific. The principal ones
are Luzon, Mindora, Panay, Samar.
Leyte. Mindanao. They are divided
into three groups: Luzon in the north,
Visayas in the center, and Mindanao,
with the archipelago of Jolo, in the
south. From the northern extremity of
the isle of Luzon to the southeast ex-
tremity of Jolo, the Philippines have an
approximate length of 260 leagues and
cover surface of 295,O0O kiloneter
squares. About AGO leagues from
their capital. Manila. lie the Marianne
group. Of which it is dependency. A
distance of $500 leagues separates them
from Spain by the Suez canal. The pop
ulation, as far as can be learned, is
somewhat in the neighborhood OF
5000, 600, of whom |. 5.O00, 900 are Indians,
l,oo0. 900 Igorrotes. Remontados, Aetas
and Noros ARABS Of Yolo and Minnao);
SOC, 900 half-breeds. 100000 Philippine
Spaniards. and $4,000 Peninsular Span
ierds. naddition to these, there are,
in spite of restrictive laws, about 40.-
90 Chinese.-Boston Transcript.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
PERSONAL AND IMpERs0NAL.

Out Of every 100000 persons 1,ocO
Gle from sout.
Brig. Gen. John /. Rodgers is said to
be the best posted man in the army on
the subject of heavy artillery.
Scnor Sagasta is II years old and be-
gan life as a civil engineer. He was at
enc time the most vehement opponent
Of Queen Isabella.
When George w. Cable made speech
before a London literary club recently
some Of his hearers were surprised to
find that he was white and did not talk
in negro dialect.
Since the death Of Gladstone Senator
Justin Smith Morrill,, of Vermont, is the
Oldest living English-speaking states
man. There was about four months
difference in their ages.
Lieut.. Charles Young, of the Ninth
United States cavalry, is the only col
cred officer in the army. West Point
has graduated but three colored men,
and Young is the only one Of the three
now in service.
The 1S-year-old lad who is heir to the
throne OF Japan seems to hold the
worlds record in the matter of pedi-
gree. He is the first male descendant
in this order Of primogeniture of dyn-
asty which has reigned 1000 years.
Emperor William never wears an
evening dress suit, and there is an inn
perial regulation that wherever pos
sible conrtiers and guests shall wear
the frock coat rAnglais; otherwise
the newly introduced court dress is de
rigueur.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
HERE AND THERE.

From an acre of land three times
a much silage as hay can be grown.
This is one pointer to show us how te
make our few acres more profitable.
The silo will never go out of date.
There is no question but that
mixed farming should be considered te
be best suited to the wants of farmers
especially il it permits the feeding out
Of that which grows on the farm.
-One feature of the effect of the war
up agricultural products is the in.
creased demand for heavy hogs. The
statement is made that q marked
change has taken place in this regard.
1t is poor economy to continue feed.
ing an Improbable animal. Whatever
the prlce, it is more economical to sell
all the stock not needed for breeding,
for milk, for work. nor young enough
to make q thrifty growth.
Too much fat is fatal to the eve
shout to lamb. She should be in good
healthy condition, but not too fat. a
grain ration OF bran is preferable te
one of corn. The former produces bone
and muscle instead Of fat.
1t is extravagantly wastefui to
neglect fodder worth half . cent
. hill. There is good in everything
which mother nature offers us, but ii
has taken pinching times to urge MS to
discovery or to the effor. Of tryins t<
know.
The old idea that manure should
be stacked up to fernent ami 70. ~
still adhered to by many farmers. not
withdrawing actual-tests and analyses
show that the process Of rottin2 j. car
ried on at the expense OF the manur II
value Of the fertilizer by iberating tia
nitrogen, which ID the most valuAhlu
inaTedieut In anv fer4iliSAr.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
A LITTLE NONSENSE.

"1f it hadn't been for Miller's wife he
would have squandered all his property
in a year." what did she do?" ''Shc
anticipated Kim" ."-Fliegende Blatter.
Lady-"Why don't you hunt for
work." Tired Tatters-"Why, it's dis
way, LADY, kin never git ernough
money together ter buy huntin' suit" {"
Puck.
Danger in Delay.-Carrie-"W "Would
you advise me to marry the first man
that proposes:" Bessie by all
means. Don't wait that long if you can
help it."-Truth.
"What sort of q fellow is the whale 90
inquired the mackerel. swell, l don't
believe the Jonah story" said the shark,
'but the whale is deep fellow very
deep fellow. Town Topics.
A Heavy Burden.-Mrs. Loveleigh-
'You used to say that was all the
world to YOU" Mr.. Loveleigh-"You
were-you are still, and since I've had
to support you ] can appreciate just
how old man Atlas felt."-Chicago
Daily News.
Measured.-"Some one. probably an
heir" said the chief secretary, "has
written to us to know how much that
last missionary was worth who was
killed in China" 'Tell him." oid the
kaiser, "that we shall value him Mt about
a hundred square miles, more Or less"
Traveller.
DIR. Winston dining one day with
Lady Jekyll, she asked him why the Al
mighty made woman out of the rib of
man. Winston, after rejecting a mo-
ment, replied: "Indeed, my lady, j.
dent know; except it was the rib was
the crookedest part about him.
Words.
A State Secret.-"Why did you insist
on IN executive session ?" asked the in.
innate acquaintance. "Did you have
so mysterious or important to
say on that subject?' NO." replied
Senator Sorghum. "But I desired tc
make my constituents think had.".
Star.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
PANICS IN WAR

By CHARLES B. LEWIS.

a panic in the ranks Of an army is a
paradox. 1t is . cowardly rush, and
yet there are no towards among the
rushers. The panic in the ranks Of the
union army at Bull Run has been writ
ten OF thousand times, and yet no
Wnter has hit the real beginning of it.
u would have to be traced back to q
single man. and he perhaps was among
the killed. Standing on the hills to the
south OF Centerville, q mile and a hall
from the battle lines at the stone
bridge, a whole regiment of us wit
messed the first phases Of that memor-
able spectacle.
All along that front the smoke-cloud
was hanging over the tree-tops, leaving
the ground fairly clear. With the naked
eye we could see the field guns moving
and the troops changing position.
There seemed to be general forward
movement. with every indication that
the battle was going favorably, when
afar down the highway there was sud-
den confusion. 1t was like the gather
Ing OF q mob. We saw men running
towards q common center from the
delds. The mob appeared to circle
round and round as it grew, but at the
end of five minutes it was moving rap
Idly toward us. As 1t advanced il was
swelled from right to left, but we had
not yet made out what was happening
when . bare-headed officer, riding
ahead of the mob, dashed up to our
colonel and shouted:
Form your regiment across the road
and drive 'em back! The damn cow
ards are breaking for the rear!"
There was not a coward in that mob.
Every man had been fighting for three
or four hours. and fighting well. We
moved down to the highway on the
double-quick and formed six ranks
deep across it. As soon as we were in
line we got the orders to fix bayonets
and a solid wall of steel met the first
OF the fugitiyes. The first thing 1 no
ticed was the pale faces and wild looks
Of the fleeing men. Many Of them were
hatless and coatless, and all had thrown
away knapsacks and haversacks. and
some were crying. OF the first dozen
who led one was lieutenant, and he
was crying out that they would all be
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
Thorough Cleau,iuess.

A neighboring farmer. and good
one too, said to us the OF ,:er day, that
he had made up his mind that lots of
men and women did not really know
what is meant by the word ..cleanli-
ness" ''How should they know?" he
said, ''when they are not raised that
way, and have always lived the way
they were raised?" You can't expect a
man of that character to care If his
cows are all plastered over with ma
nure, or even, when he is through
milking. the top of the milk is fairly
peppered with manure dust Apda
woman of that kind may be expected
always to rinse the milk pals and cans
out with cold water, slosh them around
little with nasty, sinking dish
cloth. and let it go at that.
sSuch people think all this talk
about bacteria and microbes is humbug
and nonsense. OF course, it is igno-
rance that is at the bottom of it. /
know l am suffering in pocket to-day
because certain patrons of our cream
cry are SO filthy in their habits. Our
butter maker knows that thetxmslk ID
not fit to go in with clean milk. but lie
is afraid if he refuses it thesewill go to-
some other creamery. He allowsfhem
to rob the rest of us for fear of offend
ing them"
That is pretty near a true picture,
and not overdrawn even a little bit.
Prof. Russell, of the Wisconsin expert.
ment station, cites the following facts
to show the value-of cleanliness in the
care of milk utensils:
Two covered milk pals were .talten,
one of which had been cleaned in The
ordinary and the other sterilized by
steam for half an hour. In order to
as far as possible, the infiu-
ence of other factors, the udder of the
cow is thoroughly washed, the hands
OF the milker cleaned and the fore
milk rejected. The milk was then re-
ceived into the two pals and1mme.
diately coled to so degrees F., so as to
stop the development of gerna life.
Gelatin cultures were prepared from
these milks to determine the number
Of organisms present, and there were
found in the milk taken in the sterile
pail los germs per centimeter.. while
that which had been received in a yes
sci cleaned in the ordinary way con.
tained 4,e65 bacteria for an equal vol
nme. The milk was allowed to stand
in the respective cans at the tempera-
ture of the room (6s to IS degrees FL
until it sOured. That taken in unster-
lized pail turned in ~ hopfs. while thai
in the sterile pail remained
sweet 51f hours lona Dairy.
man.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30

cut down by the rebel cavalry. The
frst 200 of the fugitives divided and
rushed into the fields to pass us. We
menaced them With our bayonets, but
It was no use. Inside of two minutes
We were run over and swept aside. As
q regiment we were cool aud under or
ders. So far from feeling any trepida-
tion we were laughing and joking a.
the appearance and antics of the fugi
tivee. We were good-naturedly bu-
firmly barring the way, even as we were
forced to give back, when one of the
fugitives. who was yet ten rods away,
called out in stentorian tones:
For the love of God, let us pass.
Our whole army has been licked, and
the Black Horse cavalry are cutting
everybody DOWN."
We were a thousand cool and steady
men. The voice OF the soldier roared
out like Z fog horn, and was REINFORCED
by q hundred other voices, and before
you could snap your finger three times
the panic had spread to every man of
the thousand. IL the officers tried to
stop it, did not see nor hear. We be-
came 4 mob in the wink of an. eye.
Nuskets were flung down, knapsacks
tossed aside, aud every man stripped
himself for rice. There were ambu-
lances and wagons in the road, and
their drivers ran them into bitches and
ioined the mob. A quarter Of a mile
In the rear of where we had formed
across the highway was regiment in
field. The colonel started to march
them to the highway to intercept us,
but before they had taken 20 steps the
men began breaking, and N 60 Sec
onds the whole regiment WAS flying.
AZ We reached Centerville we took in
the troops in reserve there, together
with teamsters, ambulance men, sur
eeons, hospital nurses and camp-fol-
lowers. and from thence to a point five
miles nearer Washington it was I spec
tacle no man can ever forget. Every
hody tried; to run. Men even kicked OF
their shoes to get along faster. Some
Lurhed hysterically-some sobbed like
children. Now and then we heard tn.
vo;ce Of IN ollcer curling or appealing,
,ut hss words were unheeded. The fear
q aomethinG greater than death was
mon that mass Of fugitiyes, and had
- sea been In their course they would
Ave hung themselves into it sooner
I'm come to : halt. It was 4 silly,
.enseless thing, and thing to joke
8 ehout and feel ashaned Of forever after,
hut ii had to run its course. Five or
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
-Copyrirht, ySoA

, began to subside, but the mob contin-
ued its retreat until the spires of Wash
ingtou were in sight. The enemy did
not follow. lie had not planned to fol-
low. He did not know of the panic un-
til hours too late to take advantage OF
it. Beginning with one single man, it
grew and spread until it took in 5000
or more. For five miles the road was
full Of wagons, ambulances, suffers
outfits and hospital stores. 1t was
further burdened with muskets, KNAPP
sacks, haversacks and clothing. 1t took
regiment of confederates two days to
gather up the plumber. and it was worth
tens of thousands of dollars TO them.
One wonders how it can be that sol
dier will fight like lion for hours and
then run away like cur, but it is
state of affairs witnessed in every war
known to history. A soldier will no:
refuse to charge battery where he
knows that he has only one chance In
twenty, and yet he will run away from
purely imaginary danger. In my own
regiment, after the fight at Blackburn
Ford, which preceded the battle of Bull
Run by three days, a private soldier
hung himself at night because he feared
he might be killed on the morrow!
How he could have reasoned out tina,
certain death was better than taking
chances on being killed is puzzle, bu,
that is what he evidently did.
Battle and q Double-P1nic.
Sheridan had inflicted two terrible
blows against Early before going into
camp at Cedar Greek, under the shad-
ow of the mountains, and it was not be-
lieved that the confederate chieftain
could rally a division within month.
Three ridges were occupied by the fed
erals with their first lines almost at the
base of Massanutten mountain. There
were such leaders as Crook, Gus
ter, Wright, Torbet, Merritt. Averill
and Kitching, and the rank and file
were veterans and fighters. 1t seemed
as if the general in command of the vic
torious army might take leave of
absence for a month and feel perfectly
sure that not gun would be fired
against the camps. Early had been
clicked out of his boots," as the reports
gave it. but he wouldn't stay licked.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30

The pursuit after the battle of Fishers
Hill had scarcely slackened when he
began to gather up the scattered rem
nants of his command for another fight,
| and in this movement he was sheltered
| by the mountains. He realized that to
advance upon the highways was to
court defeat, as his force had been re-
duced to half that of Sheridan's. He
therefore planned move which per-
haps was the boldest one of the war.
Attended by one of his staff, Gen.
Early enc day made his way on foot
along the crest Of the mountain until he
| could look down into the federal camp.
He could count the guns. note the de-
fenses and get the lay Of the ground.
Cedar creek ran alSng the base of the
mountain. and Early determined to
march an army Of men along that creek.
There was not even a hunters trail, and
the side of the mountain was dense with
timber and underbrush. while the
march must be made under cover OF
darkness. All difficulties were over
come, however. Thousands of men en-
tered the woods at dark and made their
way along foot by foot, as silently as
possible and without lights, and morn
ing found them drawn up in battle lines
in front of Crooks division. The camp
sentinels and the videttes reported
strange, queer sounds from the noun
tain-side at intervals during the night,
but these were supposed to have been
caused by horses and mules wandering
about and were given no Official atten-
ton.
An hour before daylight fog set in,
and this was lucky thing for Early.
Had 1t been otherwise the first signs of
dawn must have revealed his presence.
Under cover of the fog he advanced his
line nearer and nearer, until at one SPOT
his men could hear the federals talking
to each other in their tents as they
woke from their sleep. A few federals
were stirring about and rebuilding the
camp fires when there was . sudden
crash of musketry all along the front,
and the next moment the confederate
lines of battle were sweeping through
the camps. There was no panic in
Crooks command. 1t was surprise in
stead OF panic. Every confederate
looked to be man seven foot tall in
that fog, and their advent was too sud-
den to create panic. There was
rush for the rear rs fast Is men could
roll out Of their tents. Not one in ten
was fully dressed, and not one In twenty
had carbine or saber with him Al he |
retreated. i was like crowd rushing
across the street to ret out of the way of ]
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
external moisture when it is put int
the barn.-Farmer's Guide.
Mistakes ON tho Farm.


J. made mistake when bought
swamp land in thick timber, black ash.
elm, sycamore and black alder, eat
swamp clay lands
2. Tried to farm it with open shall
low ditctes.
3. Laid it with tile too shallow.
4. Laid it with tile too small to car
~ Oft the water soon enough to save
the crop.
$. Plowed up wet meadow land to
raise corn on.
q. Tried to raise the third crop Of
corn In rotation on one piece of ground
z. Did not select my seed corn in
September and take proper care of
same.
g. Planted in hills instead of drill
ing it.
.. Did not cut up corn early enough
to make good feed of the stalks.
10. Did not tic fodder in bundles to
stack or NOW away.
II. Did not reclean and grade seed
wheat before sowing.
12. Not blowing oats ground in fall
20 as to sow early in spring.
13. Sowing and planting all kinds of
grain too thick.
II. Going in debt for farm machin-
cry.
Is. Allowing agents of every descrip-
tion to persuade me to buy or take
stock In companies for improvement
Agents are curse to the farmer and a
public nuisance, and ought not to be
tolerated.
16. With that lawyer when coun-
seled with him. You case is all right
when there is money in it.
II. When sold that good brood mare
and bred a common one
1s. When / bought . grade bull $50
cheaper than could a good one.
10. When j hired lively, spirited
boar when u -izy one is best.
20. Letting the young pigs lay in q
wet nest.
81. Feeding too much corn and not
enough corn and slop.
22. Selling young calves for veal and
steers for stockers.
%. Selling corn, oats and rye instead
of feeding it on the farm.
"a. Farming too much land and plan
ming too much work.
%. Not confining ourselves strictly
to the farm in all its branches.
26. Not having an education thor
oughly in all branches.-D. C. W., in
Indiana Farmer.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
FARMER AND PLANTER.
THE BEST CAVALRY HORSES.
for Cavalry Use Superior to Any
thing Vet Produced.

/ notice in the last Review that Gen.
Basil w. Duke calls the gated saddle
horse the best cavalry horse in exist
snce. In this 1 think he is probably
,orrect. Next he gives the source of his
superiority, and that he has gained his
greatest perfection in Tennessee have
seen as good saddle horses among the
Vermont Morgans with no known close
up thoroughbred blood, as have seen
anywhere, and whether bred in Ver-
mont or Chambersburg, Illinois,
in Tennessee or Kentucky, they
will stand more than any of the Den
marks have yet seen. Il is true the
Golddusts, by Morgan sire, and out
Of thoroughbred dams, were more
rangy, but they lacked in substance
and endurance with some of the de-
scendants of Blood Chief in Kentucky
and other Morgan sires. When at
Dundee. I'LL, they started out with
Winnebago Chief, they builded not
only for the highest-priced breeding
stock sold at private sale, but for a
class of saddle horses for cavalIy use
superior to anything yet produced.
Tennessee has its Halls, and they have
been crossed with running blood until
they have superior class Of saddlers
and pacing race horses.
Lady kittridge, by c. NJ. Clay
(Neeves), was an all-day driver of SUI
perlor quality. Bred to Bayard, who
united the blood of Pilot, Jr., and
Black Hawk (5), she produced Clair,
2:3l, mare of such wonderful force
and will power that they gave up driv-
ing her and put her to breeding. Her
first colt, Faust (3). 2:1sA, was by
Florida. an inbred Hambletonian. Her
second was by Tennessee Dictator, and
her third was by Jay Bird. All are
racehorses, and are credited with fast
records.
Lady Kistridge, bed to the Morgan
sire, Young Morrill,, produced Kitty
Morrill,, a marc that was never sue
worked in harness. She was
one of the best-gaited saddle animals
ever rode. She is the dam of the
race horse and sire Goodwood 41O6,
2:o31. She was = mare that could
easily have been ridden 100 miles in
daylight of one day, and she would
have done it easier to herself and rider
than any horse not able to change from
one gait to the other Mt the will of the
rider. The multiplicity of gaits rests
both rider and horse
There is no more salable horse be-
caase of his style than the Morgan.
There is not q horse yet found that can
carry burden longer nor easier to
than the gated Morgan horse.
He is rs sure-footcd as = burro. The
style and intelligence that has never
been cqualed is his, and while he halls
from Vermont, he is bred in Illinois,
and Kansas, just as pure as
in the world. Crossed on
The fancy saddle horse in Missouri,
that you get nowhere else in per fec
lion, or with the bower carriaged busi-
ness horse of Kentucky and Tennessee,
be improves them all, and makes a
perfect cavalry horse that will be ap-
preciated by whoever is lucky enough
70 draw one. 1t is not necessary that
ne should be moro than Is hands, If he
,nly weighs in the neighborhood of
600 pounds.-L. E. Clement, in Rural |
World.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1898-07-30
Ca6ts,

There are many queries as to the
proper pronunciation of Cadiz. II you
are talking with an American. just
plain "Cadiz" is good enough, to rhyme
with "ladies." like Cadiz, O., the me-
trUpolis cf Harrison county. But a
Spaniard will understand you better il
you pronounce it Cahtheeth, giving the
first eth" the sound Of the same letters
in "the" and with the accent on the
"Cah." II is absurd, of course, but il
is way they have. Cadiz, by the way.
is the oldest important city in western
Europe, the Gades Of The ancient world,
and has endured without break from
times Of remote antiquity.-Spring6eld
(Naxx.) Republican.