Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-03-31

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ing. He said there seemed to be at least
two troublesome by the infection of an
other fungus (its enemy, which has been
introduced from Florida, and another by
spraying with clear kerosene. The fungus
was found very hard to make live over
winter but they think they have it
thoroughly established now but anxiously
await the result of this winter. Spraying
kerosene means instant death to the scale.
and also to the tree if the greatest care is
not used when applying. He recommend
ed very fine spray and very dry weather.
very fine spray so that the amount
should be very small; and dry day so
that the oil would eYaporate quickly that
no damage be done the foliage. This
spraying is to be done either in spring
before blossoming or during summer, he
seemed to favor summer spraying.
The problem of "Over Production of
Fruit" was very ably handled by Prof.
Bailey, of Cornell University. 1t was a
pleasure to listen to bis well chosen worde;
his apt illustrations and the mastery
ability with which he handled the subject
He recognized the fact that any crop SUBJ
ject could be handled better by local talent
as all conditions were not alike and his
experience from his State would not apply
with equal force to our conditions, there
fore he took for his topic general subject.
He said while some argued that there was
no such thing as over production, he be-
lieved there was especially with fruit. He
defined over production as a condition
when there was more fruit grown than
could be marketed at remunerative prices
within the range of distribution. He
said that if the whole world had all the
apples it could eat or all the strawberries
it could consume, there would possibly
never be an over production, but the per-
range of distribution; therefore within
that range there som stimes may be glut
and the shorter the shorter the range the
greater and more disastrous the glut.
He could not give remedy except to
grow specialties or have agents distributed
at different points to keep the growers
posted ON market conditions within this
range and thus average the distribution.
He believed farmers should have their
fruit assorted and packed by experienced
hands at some central station and be paid
for what was sent away from that station
and not for what was hauled there.
He spoke of the cheap apples of last
year and their being shipped to Europe
thereby opening up new market and
widening the range of distribution where
the fruit was never known before The
result was that this year they are seeking
us instead of our hunting them. The Ben
Davis apple was the subject of many
remarks, having many friends as well as
enemies. It was conceded by all to be one
OF the best sellers for foreign trade. Dwarf
apples we're but slightly touched upon. He
advocated specialties in every line where
there were possibilities OF an overproduction.
The higher we are civilized the greater
would be the demand for these speciaIties
but you must not attempt to market these
specialties on a general market It would
never nay, for many reasons: because the
general public could not appreciate them
until they are educated to them: And
further the general market is kept free of
produce from cheap lands and unskilled
labor from the distant parts of The country.
with these we cannot compete. Therefore
we must convince the people they want
something better than ordinary produce by
tempting them. Then satisfy them that
we will continue to furnish it and we have
market for our specially. 1t is the only
way we can successfully combat glut,
caused by limited range of distribution,
chesp r. r. transportation, cheap land, and
cheap unskilled labor. He said noted
pear grower Of Belgium was roofing up his
dwarf trees because California 5000 miles
away was driving him out of the market
Their why could not the people of NY,
and N. ]. and Pa. drive the English and
Germans out of the apple business. Such
thing as cultivated orchard does not
exist in Germany and there is no word in
the German language that means orchard
as we mean it.
The talk of Mr. Herbert W. Collingwood,
upon the horticultural advance Of last year,
was a summing up of the results of new
lines of work reported upon from the ex-
pertinent stations of different States.
Am ng the things mentioned in the new
things was line of experiments by the VT.
station on the termination of seeds. They
think they have discoyered that many seeds
contain nutriment sack-a plant baby
bottle we might call it, that sustains and
nourishes the germ and sustains the sprout
until it sends forth roots and can feed
itself from the soil This sack of nutri-
ment may not have been perfectly deyel-
oped before harvest Or impaired with age
or from other causes does not contain
sufficient nu'riment or baby-food to sustain
healthy termination and send forth
strong sprout. And to supply this defici-
ency has been the object of these expert
ments. They think they have found
remedy in soaking the seed in a solution Of
malt, one part maltine and 10 parts
water, for "a hours.
Another new thing was the experiments
at Missouri Exp. Station of spraying the
peach trees with white-wash to prevent
buds from swelling and being killed BY the
warm winds in Winter. It is well known
that snow and frozen ground does not
regulate the flow of sap in trees. But it is
the hot sun and warm winds that start it
of. Prof. Bailey who had Just spoken
said be once pulled grapevine through
window during the coolest Winter
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