davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1898-11-19

army AMI the other half form what are
known as the territorial forces and their
reserves.
The puroos, Of mobilization is first to nut
the active army on a footing for instant
action in any required direction. and next
10 place the reserves and the territorial
army in position to actively cooperate
with them % any necessary extent, so that
II need be, an armed nation may put forth
its utmost strength to repel invasion or
pursue a policy of aggression. The enor-
nous cost of modern wars. and the dis
turhance TO the Industries of a country re-
sulting from putting an entire poDulation
under arms necessitates quick action. and
the effort on both sides in modern war *
70 bring che contest 10 the issue of tattls
at II e earliest possible moment. The DIFF
ference of few hours in promptncss OF
nobllZatlon may determine the choice OF
the field of ar or the time of movement
The effort of the French authorities is
therefore, not only to perfect the system Of
army concentration and transportation but
TO develop the mobility of the individual
soldier and 10 make him as independeut as
possible Of the impediments of the army
by training him to carry upon his person
what he needs to supply his Immediate
wants The French soldier is walking ar
Senal and store house, and the most exact
and constant physical training is required
to enable him TO carry his load during the
days march without disabling fatigue
Preparing for Action.
This preparation is the work of peace;
active service is demanded, the soldier is
expected within less than two hours to
prepare himself to march forth to battle.
The corTs Of the active army are united to
form grand armies. the reserves Of all arms
are called ont, armed. equipped and form
ed into their proper divisions. etc and the
depots become centers OF recruiting and
instruction upd r the charge Of the Of
hcerS Of the depot hatJalious companies
sqt adr0ns or p IltericS, respectively The
strong places grr garrisoned and the store
houses repleuish d
To systematic and distribute this work
France is divided into eighteen military
regions. each under a general of division
and further subdivided into districts having
the same territorial boundaries. each com
Insnded hy q general Of brigade. Paris and
Lyons each constitutes a district by itself
The fortified places are specially adminis-
tered by d service des fortitiCations" with
Paris as the center.
On the German frontier are three first
slsss fortresses, one of the second-class,
Evening star., 1898-11-19

mants of a warlike population. such were
known to Europe in the days of Attila and
the Huns Bel ind the force of 615, a.; men
gathered for the defense of the republic at
home and abroad during time of peace is a
vast hOst. Including nearly every citizen
OF the the proper age and numbering. theo-
reticdlly. if rot actually, over three and
one-half millions of men. about one-half of
whom belong to the reserve of the active
Evening star., 1898-11-19

aHE TERMS CITI-
zen and soldier are
practically synony-
nous in France:
every Frenchman OF
the military age Is, as
a rule, expected 20
serve some portion of
his life with the col
crs, and the excep-
tions are few. Thus
the mobilization of
the French army for
war resembles one of
those great move
Evening star., 1898-11-19

sixteen fourth-class forts. To these would
be distributed in case the urgencies of war
should require it, the forces of thu terri
torial army, far as they were needed to
release their garrisons for active duty in
the field. These territorialists are trained
men; all of them have completed their
period of thrae years service in the ac-
tive army and ten years in the reserve be-
fore entering upon their first period of six
years service in the territorial army, and
six years .. its reserve.
In its general details the organization
OF the French military force is very simple,
and from its foundation to the last de-
tails refinements of it's direction are plan
ned so hat the permanent force can be
Evening star., 1898-11-19

promptly increased by the addition of we'll
trained men.
Mobilization has been defined to be tho
assembling of troops and bringing them
up to war strength. 1t ends with the con-
centratiOn of the strengthened forces on
chosen lines for attack or defense.
Evening star., 1898-11-19
SOTTHERN RAIIMAN

ocJeuule ia eject October l6 iSAS
All trains arrive and leave at Pennsylvania pas
scnger station.
s;i2 AM.-paily.- Local FOR DanyiIIe, Charlotte
and way stations, Connects at Manassas for StrIs
burg aud H1frs"uburg daily. and at Lynclbass
u:l5 \. M.-Daily.-THE UNITED STATES
FAST MAIL; Carries Pullman Buffet Sleopags
New York and Washington L. Jacksonville uniting
at salisbury with Pullman Sleeper for Asheylll"
and Hot Springs, y. e; hn1XVIIe, Chattanooga
and Memphis, Ienn., and Charlotte with pail
man Sleeper for Augusta Pullman Buffet Siocp.r
New York 10 New orleans uniting al Char, 4 ta
with Pullman Sleeper for Birmingham Cunnp..,s
at IS nGhburg with Z. and .. Railway for LeNii,E
ton daily except sunday, and Natural Bridge daily
SsIld Tram Washington 10 New orleans without
ohange. Sunset Personally Conducted Tusrist EN-
cursion Through Sleeper On this train every Uri
ne sdsy 10 San Francisco without change
4:ol T. M.-LoCal for Front Royal, Strusburg aad
EarrlsCnhu.g daily, except sunday
40! t6,!5 FM;-pnIy-G ~ FOR ,hsrlgttesyille.
s5CfnwrEnN il VESl nrHAn MAfITGFPN IISFffn AE2 @
posed If Pullman Nestibul-d Seerrrs Dining cars
and Day Coaches Pullman SIeelers N.,y SSrk -
Nashville. Tenn. via AsbeyiIlS. kH,,xyiIl. and
Chattanooga; New York 10 Tampa Via CharIoti"
S'llunplh savannah and Jacksonville, and New
1Crk 10 Memphis, via Birmingham. New York %
NeW oIitin', VIA Audnta and Mont gpu-ry. Yes
tlnuixn ~ Day Coach Washington 10 Atlanta. South
erE i''ii"@' Dillns Gar Greensboro 10 Nonts'm'
TRAINS on WASHINGTON AND OHIO pIyI.
only for aould Hin; 4:52 pm. daily, except sun
don. Returning. arrive at Washington SEQ am.
9any' and {: 40 pm. sunday only, and 2:45 y N.
Iottt!' SANePt SEiuays from Round ilil. ':oo an.
1aiiy' except SUI cuy. from Herudon. S:34 IN.
daily, except SundAy, from I4esuurg
Through ira rs from the south arrive at Wash
ins1on 6:42 am. and 2:2n pm. and g.a5 m
daily. HarrisonbGrg. 1900 noon daily, eNcept
Sun day, and s:S5 m. daily and $40 a m daily
from Charlottesville.
Tickets, Sleeping Car reservation and infarma-
tlon FURNISHED at offices, Tu5 18th st NV 81
pennsylvania avenue and at Pennsylvania rail
r. al passenger staticn. Telephone cal l44l f.r
PeBnsylvania Railroad Cab service.
fhANh 3 CANNON, Sd Vice Prest. & Gen. Mgr.
NJ. CULP Traffic Manager
W A. TURK, Gen. Pass. Agent.
h. ). GROWN, Gen. Agt. Pass. Dept.
Evening star., 1898-11-19

two Of the third and nine of the fourth
class. The Belgian frontier has four of
the hrst-class, eight Of the second class and
six each Of the third and fourth-class on
the Italian frontier are three hrst-class for
tncations and eleven detached forts: on the
Mediterranean coast the naval harbor Of
Toulon. fortifcation of the first-class
and tUenty-one fOurth-class forts: ON the
spanish frontier two first and two second
class forts The Atlantic coast is defended
by three first. three second and two third
class foruhcatiOns and twelve fourth-cIass
forts: tbs channel coast by the first-class
tortincation of Cherbourg. the second-class
tortIhcati9ns of st. Malo and LIE Hayre and
Evening star., 1898-11-19
THREE MILLION MEN
Enormous Army That France Can
Put Into the Field.
PERFECT SYSTEM OF MOBILIZATION
In Time of Peace Her Soldiers Are
Prepared for War.
KNOW JUST WHAT TO DO

Copyright 1895 by the International Literary and
News SeTvce.b
Written FOR The Ey ening Star by Col Wn. h
Church
Evening star., 1898-11-19
Strength in Wartime.

The principle upon which the French
army is strengthened for war is the in
crease of each company, squadron and bat
terry New regiments may be formed if de-
sired, but the basis of mobilization is the
enlargement of existing units.
Evening star., 1898-11-19

Thousands of situations have been OBJ
tanned through the want columns Of The
Star
Evening star., 1898-11-19
PEACE STRENGTH.


PEACE STRENGTH
Officers. Men. Horses. Guns.
Infantry company. .. 8 128 -. ......
Cavalry squadron. 144 139 ......
Artillery hald battery 103 G1 to 6
Artillery horse bat'y. 105 81 to 8
WAR STRENGTH
officers. Men. Horses Guns.
infantry Infantry company 251 zoo ......
Artillery horse bat'y. 4 1ss III ....
The increase is greatest in the infantry.
which is doubled in strength; the batteries
gain about eighty men each. AS there are
twelve companies in an infantry regiment.
its peace strength is about | 81 men. which
rises to 3.o12 in wartime, besides the Off
GERS. BY a law passed in 1897 the French
authorities decided to add new battalion
of four companies to each regiment, an
increase. probably, of one-third, though the
Eumber of pTivates in the new organization
has not been indicated. This addition will
be mad" gradually, and it may be five years
before it can be completed. 1t will Increase
the peace establishment of France by about
$4,000 men.
In the eighteen military regions and Al
eerfa which forms a nineteenth, are 16'
regiments, 145 of which are composed of
cCnscripts. On a peace basis these regi-
n ents of the line contain 219.24O enlisted
men. and in mobilization 211,J00 are added
to them. The artillery, which contains
more than $50 batteries, would gain from
5000 to 100000 more, and the cavalry
would receive important additions, though
less in proportion, on account of the diff
Guilty Of providing horses.
SprinSlng to Arms.
Each man OF the reserve army is not
only thoroughly trained as a soldier, but
he knows the exact place he is to fall into
whan the organization of which he forms
part takes the field The headquarters to
which he is to report, the officers who will
muster him in and those who will COM
mand are all known to him. The reserve
soldiers have taken their several places re-
peatedly in time of peace, have followed
Evening star., 1898-11-19

In Cochin China the parties desiring d.
vorce break pair of chopsticks in the
presence of witnesses and the thing Is DONE
Evening star., 1898-11-19
POTOMAC RIVER BOATS.

STEAMER WAKEFIELD
FOR POTOMAC RIVER LANDINGS.
Leaves Washington, ID. Q. 9th st. Ferry Wharf
MONDAYS, m, for intermediate landings to Colo.
nial Beach, Bush wood, ROCK PIT, Cnltons Nomini
Creek. Abelrs. Ltonardt1wn, Stones, Howard and
C0brum's.
Wednesday, am, for intermediate landings to
Colonial Beach, Bushwood. Rocs Point Cotton g
Leonardtown, Abeu's, NomIni Greek, Piney Point
st. Georges Island. Smith Greek. Coan and Yeu-
comico rivers
Saturday, an, for intermediate landings to
Colonial Beach, Bushwood. Rock Point Colton's
Nomnt Greek.
See schedule in effect August o. 1893
au1S-tf c. w. RIDLEY. General Manager
Evening star., 1898-11-19
BALTIMORE ANn OHIO RAIIRnAI

| AND OHIO RAILROAD.
| Sch Adule in effect June is. lsgs.
| Leave Washington from station. corner of New
| For Chicago and Northwest, Nestiluled Limited
trains 100 ll:25 am, and :u3 Pm.
press, II ;25 I'm. Nestibuled Limited. 3;lo pm; ;
For Fi,lstuTg and Cleveland. express daily li.o5
For Columbus Toledo and Detroit. 11:a5 pm.
For winchester and points "n Valley Branch
For New orleans Memphis Birmingham. Chat
pm. daily; sleeping cars through
For Lgray. $40 pm. daily.
x7io I7:5G, SsCc $50 ts:so' S xi5oo g;S a. sm NO.
1l2:s5 m; 12:l5s xI15, xs:oo 500 x4:so 4:S5,
xlo:O0, 10, XII 80 pm and xl2:pi night. sun
days, x,:95 xl:l9. X 80, $50, x9:et AN xl2:o5
xs:oo. xlo:dO, Ills, xIi:50 pm. xi2.6i night.
For Annapolis. I:lo, $50 am, l2:l5 aud 80
| pm, week days; $50 am. and ABS pm. sun
For Frederick week days. 900 an. 11:25 4:ao
For Hagerstown. tl1:o5 am aud t5 80 pm.
fSr BOYD ara way points week days 600 m,
80 $50, 7;o5 pm. Sundays. 800 am, 1:i5,
sS sSr a is sS s and a gns s Tsfs @ys
sundays. 900 am, l:15. 4:ss. 200 iO:iS pm.
q. m, principal stations of GathersIurg onlyD
4:S0: $3.50 pm, week days; $500 am. 1:15 pm.
ROYAL BLUE LINE FOR NEW YORK AND
PHILADELPHIA,
For Philadelphia. New York Roston aud fI,e
East, week days 7:05. 500. 1000 am. sos
Cars, 300 t5;d5 Dining Carr. 500. 1901 night
tSleeping Car open at 10 o'clorkl SUNDAYS .05
900 am G:15 Dining Car. 800 c5:G5 Dining
Carr, 500, 1901 night Sleeping Car open at 10
Parlor Cars all day trains
For Atlantic city. 1890 am, 12:o5 noon LIS
end 300 pm. week days.
For Cape May. 1905 noon.
Except Sunday. Express trains
Baggage called for and checked from hotels and
residences by Union Transfer Company on orders
northwest. New York avenue and 18th street and
WM H. GREENE. d. b. MARTIN
General Manager. Mgr Pass Traffic
CHESAPEAKE AND ONO RAILWAY
TEROuGH THE GRANDEsT SCENERY OF
AhaErRA AhEaTRic 1HHrrn AhE TRAiNS S%s yEsTIBILED
ALL MEALS SERVED N DiNING CARS
STATION, SIXTH AND B STREETS
o.oo n Schedule In effect Sept !, 1895.
2:20 PM DAILY-Cincinatf and St Louis Sne-
cial-Solid train for Cincinnati Pullman Sleepsrs
tc Cincinnati. Lexington Louisville IniianaI polls
and St Louis. without change Connects at Gov
II gton va, for Virginia Hot Springs daily. PErlor
cars Saheinnau to Chicago
II 10 L. NJ. pAILX-F. r. V. Lmited-Solid train
for Cincinnati Pullman Sleepers 20 Cincinnati
Lexington and Louisville without change PullnlnI
without change, daily except Sunday. observa-
tion Hinton To Cincinnati. Connection daily
2:2o Pm. DAnY-For GordonsvIlle, ChsrIottss-
Vile, Staunton, and for Richmond daily. exc.l,t
sunday
Io:57 AM-Daly except sunday-Parior car
Point. Arrive Richmond 2:45 p.m.--oId Poiut,
6:3o pm Transfer at Richmond.
Reservation and tickets at Chesapeake and ohin
offices. 5l3 and 1921 Pennsylvania avenue. and ai
the station Telephone call l44l for Pennsylvanis
Railroad cab service II; W. FULLER
au1S30d General Passenger Agent
Evening star., 1898-11-19

E. s. RANDALL'S POIOMAC RIVER LINE.
Steamer HARRY RANDALL will leave River
View wharf Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays at
Z. an, landing at Colonial Beach. Chapel Point
and all wharyes as far down Lower Machodoe
Returning on Mondays and Wednesdays at I pm.
and on Fridays about $3.50 pm.
UNITED STATES MAI IL ROUTE
WASHINGTON, ID. c.. TO GLYMONT MD,
and intermediate landings
The new Steamer ESTELLE RANDALL, daily
except Sunday $50 am Returning about 8 pm
Passenger accommodations frst-class. Freight
received until the hour Of sailing
Il. 3. RANDALL,
Proprietor and Manager
GEO. o. CARPINTER, General Agent, Washington
VIM. N. REARDoN. Agent, Alexandria. 5eI6-20tf
THE wEEMS STEAMBOAT CO.,
POTOMAC RIVER ROUTE.
Summer Schedule in effect June g. 1898.
STEAMERS POTOMAC AND SUE.
Steamer POTOMAC leaves Washington every
Thursday at pm, and Steamer SUE every Mon
day at pm. Tor Baltimore and River landings
All river freight must be prepaid.
Passenger accu tmodations 6rst-cIass.
OFFICE 910 PA AVE.
STEPHENSON & BRO, Agents
my2l Telephone 745 1th st. wharf.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1898-06-02

the launch. A sack of prunes and one of
turnips was hastily taken from the ships
stores, and this was the only food we had
until we reached Vancouver Island. AS the
launch drlfted away from the almost SUBJ
merged schooner we saw eight or ten men
standing on the rail, cinging to the rig
ging. Soon they disappeared from sight.
Two of them, Job johnson and c. ]. Reilly.
kept afioat by clinging to bundles of boat
lumber. Two hours after they were picked
up by our launch, making twenty-seven In
all we had with US. 1t is just barely possible
that there will be four more survivors.
Just before the Jane Gray disappeared
under the waves we thought we saw the
second launch that was on board with four
forms near 1t. They were SO indistinct that
we were not sure. They seemed to be get
ting into the launch. We saw nothing Of
them when daylight came We improvised
a sail and paddles and after drifting thirty
hours in the launch finally landed inside of
Rugged point, Kynquot sound, on Vancou-
yer island, eighty miles from the scene of
the wreck. A IRE was built on the beach
and we made a meal on roasted mussels.
We had had no food since the night before
the disaster except the sack of prunes and
turnips that we threw into the launch. We
got our drinking water by spreading out a
tarpaulin in the driving rain. An Indian who
CHANGED to come along informed us that the
village Of Kynquot was but six miles away.
We went there and found the sealing
schooner Favorite becalmed. and arrange
ments were made to carry our party to
Victoria. We reached there this morning
in time to catch the steamer for Seattle"
The Jane Gray was schooner of 107 tons
burden. She was built In Bath. Me-, In
1877. She was owned and operated by Nc
Dougal & Southwick of this city. Outside
of the miners outfits she carried no cargo.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1898-06-02
MADE DEWEY MAD
German Prince Sighted the United
States

CHICAGO, June 1.-Chas. N. Post, Vice
President of the Lyon & Healy Company,
who has Just returned from an extended
tour of the Orient. met Admiral Dewey In
Hong Kong, March *, Mr.. Post tells of
social passage-at-arms between Dewey
and Prince Henry, brother of Emperor
William, commanding the German squad
ron at Hong Kong. Prince Henry, I'M
-nediately after his arrival at Hong Kong
gave a banquet to the higher officers of
the other fleets, among whom was Rear
Admiral Dewey. At the feast the Prince
proposed a toast to his own country, then
to all the other great powers except the
United States. Finally, just before the
dinner was over the royal host proposed
O toast to this country. When Rear-Ad-
rniral Dewey saw that apparently his coun-
try was to be sighted he left the banquet
without ceremony. The next day rep
resentative of Prince Henry sent round
about apology to the American commander
Dewey sent back word to the emperors
brother that he would accept nothing but
written or personal apology from the
prince. The latter then called upon Dewey
and apologized, saying that in the confu-
sion Of the dinner he (the PRINCE thought
lessly neglected to put the American toast
In its proper place on the program. While
Mr.. Post was at Hong Kong Prince Henry
gave a bail, but Admiral Dewey, although
invited, did not attend. The affair was not
allowed to get out and Mr.. Post received
1t first hand from one Of the officers of
the American fleet.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1898-06-02
NO CAUCUS NEEDED
The Hawaiian Annexationists Feel
Certain Of Success.

WASHINGTON, June IAN understand
ing was reached to-day whereby the lia-
waiian resolution will be considered In the
house next week. They are to be taken
up under a special rule that will be re-
ported SO soon as the revenue biz has
passed the senate or has reached point
where the passage of the resolutions of an.
nexation in the house cannot possibly de-
lay the disposal of the revenue measure.
The understanding was arrived at utter
persistent endeavor upon the part OF the
annexationists, the speaker, who has led
SO far in preventing the consideration. be-
ing convinced that large majority Of the
Republican representatives favor action
upon annexation before adjournment.
The fact is, the desire Of the president
and the wish Of a majority Of the Repub
lican senators, making party demand, re-
suited in an agreement that the house
should be given the opportunity to pass
the resolution. There will be no caucus Of
Republicans. A request for a call has been
made several days ago with Representa-
tive Grosvenor, chairman of the Republic
can party organization in the house, but
when seen tonight he said:
"You can say for me, and can quote me,
that there will be no caucus called and
there is no necessity for one."
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1898-06-02
MRS. LETTERS GIFT
Will Fit Up Hospital at Chickamau-
ga Park

CHICAGO. June 1.-The Tribune says:
The United States government will be the
richer by hospital at Chickamauga Park
within a few days through the generosity
of Mrs. L. z. Letter. The illness among
the troops there was brought to her notice
some time ago, and she at one began cor
respondence with Assistant Surgeon-Gen-
eral Sem to see what might be done.
Mrs Letter was told that a permanent
hospital to supply more comforts than the
ordinary field shelters was what 1t chiefly
needed, and Chickamauga Park Hotel
located upon the grounds, near Crawf1sh
Springs, was thought to be most suitable.
1t Is this building which Mrs. Letter has
purchased for the government.
The hospital will supply accommodations
for between 600 and 700 sick soldiers and will
at once be fitted up for that purpose. DR..
Sem will have charge of the necessary al
terations and will devise the arrangements
for caring for the patients. It is thought
the hospital will be ready for occupancy in
two weeks.
Mrs. Letter is in Washington at present,
but Mr.. L. z. Letter, who is in the city, said
the report that his wife had purchased the
building was correct.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1898-06-02

ter at Cavite, and now there Is rejoicing
at the small successes of the army in Cuba.
Russia is also discussing the future of
the Philippines which, it is feared. will
fall entirely into the power of the United
States or be shared between America and
England. Regarding this the Russian
press thinks that a division Of the islands
would cause great prejudice to the inter-
ests of Russia, which could not tolerate
such step unless she was given her share
in the archipelago. If such a division takes
place, the maintenance of peace will be
seriously threatened for 1t would be diff
cult to conciliate the interests of the sew
eral great powers sharing in the division.
Mr.. Chamberlain's speech produced n
very bad impression in Russia in political
circles as well as in the press and among
the people of st. Petersburg. Happily, the
speech was soon smoothed down by the
attitude of Lord Salisbury and that of the
large majority of the English papers,
whose language proved that the chief
of the colonial office, as usual, was
presenting his personal policy, which Is
only supported in England by limited
number of partisans. The United States
has no more interest in seeking a conflict
with Russia than has Russia in seeking
one with her. There is no antagonism Of
any sort between the two powers. There
fore, one cannot see anything in them to
cause alarm. All one can see in them is
an attempt made by this turbulent and
ambitious parsonage to give more prom
inence to his personality, which he doubt
less finds too much effaced by the imposing
figure of Lord Salisbury.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1898-06-02
LOYAL LONGSTREET
Sorry That His Age Will Keep Him at
Homa

NEW YORK, June 1.-General James
Longstreet, the aged Commissioner of Rail-
ways and former Confederate officer and
Minister to Turkey, is staying at the EN-
pire Hotel for a days upon business mat
tiers connected with his Office. Before the
first call for volunteers, the General an
nounced that his services were at the dis
posal of the government. Last night. he
reported he was ready to give his services
to the government and regretted that be-
cause he was beyond the age limit that he
could not be accepted.
1.-THE annexation of Cuba, 1t seems to
me-" he said, Twill follow the expulsion of
Spanish forces from the island. I do not
think the insurgent government will be
satisfactory or stable for any length of
time and the lack of peace will result in
a demand for Americans for its annexa-
ton to this country. Why, the autonomist
government was superior to what I be-
lieve the insurgents will provide. Porto
Rico I suppose we must hold, too. The
people there, however probably will give
us little trouble and 1t Is a rich, fertile
country. The Philippines, do not know
much about and If have read correct ac-
counts in the newspapers, 1t must be q
land of great resources and as such will
not be a drawback on our government"
When asked how long the war would last,
General Longstreet said he had little means
Of judging, but he thought that If policy
Of starvation was adopted, 1t would mean
only matter of few weeks.