Hutchinson gazette. [volume] (Hutchinson, Kan.) 1895-1902, 1898-04-14


immediate peace and its disappointing re-
ceptlon by Spain the executive was brought
to the end of his effort
In my annual message of December last
said:
"of the untried measures there remain;
Recognition of the insurgents as belliger-
ents; recognition of Independence OF Cuba;
neutral Intervention to end the war by I'M
posing a rational compromise between the
contestants and intervention In favor Of
on or the other party speak not OF
torcible annexation. for that cannot be
thought of. That, by our code of morality,
would be criminal aggression
President Grants Action.
Thereupon viewed these alternatives In
the light of President Grants measured
words, uttered in 1875. when, after seven
years of sangulnary. destructive and cruel
barbarities in Cuba, he reached the con-
clusio that the recognition of the indepen-
dence Of Cuba was impracticable and lude-
fentible, and that the recOgni: ion Of bel
ligerence was not warranted by the facts
according u the tests of public law. 1com-
mented especially upon the latter aspect OF
the question, pointing out the inconVen"
fence and posi- tive dangers of recognition
of belligerence which, while adding to the
already onorous burdens OF neutrality
within our own Jurisdiction. could not In
any way extend our influence or effective
Ohlces In the territory of hostllltieS
Nothing has since occurred to change my
view in this regard, and / recognize as
fully now as then that the issuance OF a
proclamation of neutrality, by which pro-
cess the o-called recognition Of belliger-
ence Is published, : ould, of itself and UNI
attended by other action, accomplish moth
ing toward the one end for which we labor,
the instant pacincation of Cuba and the
cessation Of the misery that afilets the
island.
Turning to the question of recognizing at
this time the independence of the present
insurgent government In cuba, we ma sate
| precedents In our history from an early
day. They are we'll summed up In Presi-
dent Jackson's message 10 Congress, De-
cember 81, 1885, on the subject of the rec
ognition of the independence of Texas.
Jackson said: I'm all the contests that
have arisen out of the revolutions of
France, out of the disputes relating to the
crews of Portugal and Spain, out of the
separation of the American possessions
of both from the European governments.
and out of the numerous and tom
stantly occurring struggles for domin-
| ion in Spanish America so wisely
consistent with our just principles, has
been the action of our government that we
have under the most critical circumstances
avoided all censure and encountered no
other evil than that produced by tram
sent re-estrangement of good will in those
aga MS. whom we ii ave beeI by force of ev-
ldence compelled to decide.
Americas Position.
TT has thus made known to the world
that the uniform policy and practi-e of the
United States is to avid all interf renee in
disputes which merely relate to the inter-
nal government of other nations and event.
ually to recognize the authority of the
prevailing party, without reference to our
particular interests and views or to the
merits of the original controversy.
But in this as on every other occasion
safety is to be found In a rigid adherence
to principle.
Proved Their Independence
1.-THE contest between Spain and the re-
volted colonies we stood aloof and waited,
not only until the ability of tile new states
to protect themselves was fully established,
but until the danger of their being again
suhjugated had entirely passed away. Then
and not until then were they recognized.
Such was our course in regard to Mexico
herself
1T is true that with regard to Texas the
civil autn GRITTY of Mexico has been expelled,
| its invading army defeated the chief of the
republic himself captured and all present
| power to control the newly organized gov
eminent of Texas annihilated within Its
confines But on the other hand, there Is,
in appearance at least an immense dis
parity of physical force on the side of
Texas The Mexican republic under an
executive, Is rallying Its forces under a
newleader and menacing fresh invasion
10 recover its lost domain.
jackson Was Conservative.
upon the issue of its threatened Inva
sion the independence of Texas may be con-
sidered as suspended, and. were there moth
ing peculiar in the situation of the United
State and Texas, our acknowledgment Of
| its independence at such a crisis could
scarcely be regarded as consistent with that
prudent reserve with which we have hlth-
erto heli ourselves bound to treat all SINH
lar questions"
Thereupon Andrew Jackson proceeded to
! consider thu risk that there mich be Inn
puted to the United States motives of self
ish interests in view of the former claim on
our part to the territory of Texas and of
the avowed purpose of he Texans In SEEK
| ing recognition of independence as an Incl
deaf to the Incorporation of Texas in the
| Union, concluding thus:
prudence, therefore, seems to dictate
that we should still stand aloof and main
tain our present attitude, If not until Mex
leo herself or one of the great foreign pow
ers shall rec gnize the independence Of the
new government at least until the lapse of
time OF the course of events shall have
proved beyond cavil or dispute the ability
of the people of that country to maintain
their separate sovereignty and to uphold
the government constituted by them.
Neither of the contend ng parties can
justly complain of this course BY pursu-
ing it we are but carrying out the long
established policy of our governments
policy which h IS secured to us respect and
influence abroad and inspired confidence at
home
What Recognition Demands
These are the words Of the resolute ana
patriotic Jackson. They are evidence that
the Uuited S ates In additi N to the test
imposed by public law as the condition OF
the recOgni ion Of independence by neu-
tai state, to-wit, that the revolted state
shall constitute In fact body polite, hav-
Ing government In substance as well as In
name, possessed of the elements of s.abil-
ity" and forming def cto, "lf left to itself,
a state among the nations, reasonblY capa-
BILE of discharglng the duties of a state"
has imposed for Its own gUverance, in deal
Ing with cases like these, the further condl-
ton that recognition of independent state
hood Is not due to a revolted dependency
until the danger of its being again subju-
gate1 by the parent state has entirely
passed away This eXtre me test was In fact