davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31
Sherman ROaStS
War Managers.
The Veteran Ohio Republican Declares
That Soldiers Were Treated Bar
barOusIy and OutrageOusly.
AN INVESTIGATION DEMANDED.

In a newspaper interview John Sher-
man, ex-senator, ex-SeCretary Of State
and Republican Of high standing for
thirty years, joins in the criticism OF
the work of the War department. He
served in President McKinley's Cabinet
for several months with Secretary Alger
and is certainly not disposed to unneCes-
sarily crltlcise his political friends. He
says:
Il don't see how there can be any mis-
take or Misrepresentation as to the con-
dition Of affairs among our soldiers in
Santiago or in the camps. The official
reports the statements Of responsible Of
flcers and of the men who suffered In
that campaign are all to the same effect
that there was horrible suffering and
great loss of life resulting from inade-
quate provision for the care of the sick
and wounded, and that suitable food was
not provided for those whose condition
of health would not admit OF their eat
ing army rations. They were short OF
medicines and suitable food, and did not
have surgeons enough to perform the
services which the condition Of the army
demanded.
1--WE have fully authenticated and un-
disputed accounts of the wounded lying
In the wet grass and awaiting their turn.
while single surgeon endeavored as
best he could to attend to the wounds
of several hundred men. The less Sc
verely wounded declined treatment, that
those in more serious condition could be
more quickly cared for. The whole story
Is too horrible to talk about and there
can be no possible excuse offered. /
cannot undertake to say what individual
authority is responsible, but the facts
themselves are monstrOus, and whether
the fault lies with the officers in the field
those in the department, or the Secre-
tary of War himself, the responsibility
should be fixed and the person RESPONSE
BILE should be severely punished. II was
known that there was to be a battle; our
army was sent there for that purpose,
and 1t was nothing short of criminal to
neglect those necessary preparations for
the care of the wounded and sick and to
provide for the sustenance Of the army
An investigation should be had at once
and an example should he made of those
responsible. The President might order
an investigation, but doubt whether the
matter can be adequately dealt with ex-
cept by Congress. The persons RESPONSE
BILE should be impeached and Congress
alone has the power of impeachment.
"The man who Is responsible for the
mismanagement of the Cuban campaign,
resulting in the needless loss Of scores
of American soldiers lives, and in lnfiic-
tion of horrible tOrtuTes upon thousands
Of the brave defenders OF their country's
honor, should not be in the Cabinet.
General Miles is a soldier, and, like
most soldiers, is straightforward,
truthful man. He is no more afraid Of
an issue than he Is Of an Indian, and
when he comes back to Washington and
tells what he knows, an investigation OF
the War department will be inevitable,
particularly as he will be corroboratsd
by other officers who will be entitled to
CONTINUED on page 81
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31
Our Peace
Commissioners.
The Secretary of State, Two Senator's,
a Journalist and a Justice of the
Supreme Court Are Chosen
and Have Accepted.
ONLY LUZON is WANTED.

Washington, August 27.-Justice Ed
ward Douglas White has accepted the
offer of an appointment to be member
of the peace commission and that body
is now complete. The appointment Of
Justice White fixes the identity Of the
five members-Day, Davis, Frye, White
law Reid and White.
The tender of place on the commits
sion to Whitelaw Reid was surprise,
but it is believed this place was offered
him as a compromise. Mr.. Reid, as is
well known, desired to be named as Am
bassador to Great Britain, but the Pres
ident was not inclined to make the ex-
pertinent.
When Justice White was first talked
of it was thought that the fact that
Chief Justice Fuller and Justice Brewer
will be required to be in Paris next win
ter and spring as arbitratOrs in the Ven
ezuelan boundary dispute would so Sc
riously cripple the Supreme court as to
make it impracticable to take another
member from 1t.
Now, however, it is calculated that the
work Of the peace commission will have
been concluded and Justice White re-
turned to Washington before the date
when it will be necessary for the other
members of the court to reach Paris.
Justice Whites intimate knowledge Of
historical and legal facts of the Louisi-
ana purchase, his knowledge of the legal
customs growing out OF the practice Of
the Napoleonic code in Louisiana, his
acquaintance with the French language
and the fact that he is the candidate who
has been urged by Bishop Ireland, rep
resenting the Catholic church, were facts
that had weight with the President in
deciding to appoint him.
The personnel of the American COM
mission is regarded as particularly
strong among public men. The views Of
all the commissioners, with the excep-
tion of Justice White, are pretty well
known. Secretary Day does not favor
the United States holding all the Phil
ippines. He would be satisfied with Ma
Mia and Manila bay. Senator Frye would
be satisfied with Luzon island
Mr.. Reid, judging from the editorials
in his paper, considers it impossible for
Spain to exercise control of any portion
of the Philippines, and thinks that the
interests would be better subserved by
the United States maintaining control
over the entire group. Senator Davis is
a territorial expansionist, and it is be-
lieved, Judging from some of his recent
speeches, would favor permanent con-
troll over the entire Philippines. Jus
tice White, as member Of the Supreme
court, never talks for publication, and
his views on the philiDDine question are
therefore unknown.
The commissioners, apparently, are
not going to Paris to demand the entire
group of the Philippine islands, but to
contend for the occupation Of Luzon
island.
The following attaches of the peace
commission have been selected and will
be appointed by the President:
John Moore, OF Massachusetts,, now
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31

Assistant Secretary of State, to be sec
retary Of the commission; ]. r. MaCAr-
thur OF New York, to be assistant sec
retary. Mr.. Macarthur was formerly first
secretary of the United States legation at
Madrid and is now on special duty at
the State department. He has had con-
siderable experience in work Of dlplo-
matte nature. These appointments were
decided on by the President yesterday
afternoon.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31
Kansans Given Promotion.

Governor Leedy has telegraphed the
following promotions to Col Fred Fun
ston: w. A. Green, adjutant; A. c. Al
ford, first lieutenant Company F; c. H.
Ball, second lieutenant Company H; e.
]. Hardy, second lieutenant Company X.
To Colonel Lindsey the following pro-
motions were ordered: Lewis Miller
captain Company X; Elliott A. Davis,
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31
Twentieth is to Be Mustered Out.

San Francisco, August 25.-General
Merriam is expected back from Homo
lulu on September 20, at the latest, and,
according to the prevailing opinion at
army headquarters, the Philippine troops
here will then be mustered out and Gen
eral Shafter will return to take his for
mer place at the head of the department
of California, General Merriam returning
to the department Of the Columbia,
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31

According to Republican papers the
white soldiers from Kansas were not
sent to the front because they were unfit
for service, not having acquired the ef-
ficiency required. And then the govern
ment hustles the colored regiment off to
Santiago. While it is a good body of
men 1t has had nintey days less Of
drill than the white regiments. And
then Republican papers insist that so
for as the national administration is con-
cerned there is no politics in military
affairs.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31

first lieutenant company A; B. G. Car
ter, second lieutenant Company I.
Benjamin Kerfoot, of Kansas City,
would have been commissioned, but 1t
was discovered by Governor Leedy that
he was not in line Of promotion.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-31
colored Soldiers Go South.

New York, August 25.-The United
States transport Vigilancia passed Sandy
Hook, bound out, at Z o'clock this morn
ing. She has the Twenty-third regiment
of colored infantry, from Topeka, Kas,
on board, bound for Santiago.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06
To Have Teeth Like Pearls.

The reckless manner in which most
people abuse their teeth is enough to
make their worst enemy demonstrate
with them. The care of the teeth
should be begun in babyhood, a soft
toothbrush being used twice a day by
whoever has care of the infant. AS
soon as the first teeth loosen the child
should be taken to a dentist to remove
them, so the new teeth will have room.
After this periodical visits should be
made to the dentist. A child should
never be allowed to bite bread or crack
nuts with his teeth, for it is likely to
chip the enamel. The teeth, to be kept
in proper order and to look white and
immaculate, should not only be brush
ed night and morning, but after every
meal in the day. The toothbrush must
be rather hard and you must provide
yourself with two or three of various
Shapes, so as to keep the teeth in prop
er condition, as you cannot properly
clean every tooth unless you have a
brush that is especially constructed
to reach the back corners in your
mouth. A toothbrush should be we'll
washed in clean fresh water and either
SOAP or ammonia used now and then to
clean it with. 1t must be remembered
that to take too hot drinks or eat too
hot food is very bad, indeed, for the
teeth. The rapid transition from heat
to cold is the worst possible thing that
could happen to them and often causes
cracks and disease of the teeth. If
vinegar is taken with ones food or
medicine in which is any kind of iron,
steel or any acid, the teeth not only
should be we'll brushed afterward, but
the medicine taken through a glass
tube.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06
LARRY" OnKIN

duced the editor of that journal to Of
fer Mr.. Godkin-despite his youth-the
position of correspondent on the Dan
ube, on the outbreak of hostilities be-
tween Turkey and Russia in 1853. Three
years Of activity and excitement fol-
lowed the acceptance of this offer. Once
he took a forty hours ride across coun-
Try, without quitting the saddle, to
reach Calafat, a strategic point, before
u was invested by the enemy. Once he
found his terminate, after a few hours
separation, dead of cholera. Yet again
he has a memory of a long siege of fe-
yer in a hospital lea Constantinople,
and n memorable winter was passed
"a Bucharest, amid a brilliant, fascinat-
ing, unrestrained society. This p
rience was followed by an American
trip, principally through the southern
states, in the interests of the Times.
The Times was then engaged in the
work of stirring up the trouble be-
tw cen north and south. The journey
was made on horseback. Three years
later he spent two years travelling
abroad, passing two winters in Paris,
HE Hcdlln nav IllS GU III lit luICO-
Russian campaign. Then came the
adoption of the United States as his
country and the founding of the Ma
ton.
Mr.. Godkin lived at Cambridge,
Mass, for seven years, though n
Quoting a paper in New York. But
when the Nation took the Evening Post
in hand he found it necessary to reside
in New York. His residence is on West
Tenth street, convenient to business.
Here he has a comfortable and pleas
ant residence, and workshop, full of
books so familiar to their owner that
he Knows the location of every volume.
Biography, history and political econ
omy he reads without ceasing; but as
a novel reader he is a failure, a mod
ern novel rarely holding him-a fact
he regrets.
Nowadays Mr.. Godkin sees the ad-
vantage of giving himself the refresh
ment of an annual visit to Europe, and
especially England; and since the sum-
mer of 1892 he has not denied himself
this needed recreation. Last year, Ok
ford paid him the complimentary I'M
precedented one to a journalist-of con-
ferring upon him the degree of D. G..
L.; that of M. A. had been conferred by
Harvard in 1891. While abroad, he
talks little of American problems and
politics, saw to the initiated few who
desire some particular information. In
tellectual contact with economists, pol
iticians and men-of-letters, gives him
the change he needs, and sends him
home again keen to contend with those
whom he regards as the enemies of So
ciety. Every season, his intimatcs are
surprised afresh at the zest with which
he begins to roll the old stones up the
same old hill again, with fresh hope of
victory at last. 1t is obvious to all that
he relishes the fray. 1t is persistently
asserted hat Editor Godkin has never
taken the oath of allegiance to the
United States.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06

Since Mr.. c. E. Tripler of New YorR
has perfected his apparatus for liqui-
flying air, scientists have been able to
make curious experiments, as the liquid
air can be secured in large quantities,
says the Scientific American. When a
dishful of the liquid air is dipped from
the can it boils SO violently that drops
of it are projected some distance. The
liquid is blue in color, and a burn from
it takes about six months to heal. The
picture shows how steel may be ignited
in the liquid oxygen. 1t is only nee
essary to stick the point of a steel pen
into a match, light it, and thrust the
whole into the liquid air, to furnish
sufficient heat to communicate the fire
to the steel.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06

and the wind seldom stirs. Before the
invention of steamships, vessels be-
Gained in the "cloud-belt" sometimes
drifted helpless for weeks. Even now
the crossing Of this belt, where every
thing is surcharged with moisture, is a
disagreeable experience for voyagers
going from the north to the south At
lantic ocean, or vice versa. The belt
can be traced across equatorial Africa
and across the American isthmus, and
the great r'vers, Amazon, Orinoco, Nj
ger, Nile anu Congo, arise in these rain
soaked regions, which are like exhaust
less reservoirs. The cause of the equa-
torial cloud-belt is connected with the
trade-winds, and in the course Of a
year it oscillates north and south over
a distance equal to about three times it's
own breadth.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06
WHAT THE LAW DECIDES.

An ordinance making it unlawful to
sell fresh pork or sausage made there
from between June l and Oct. is held,
in Helena VS.. Dwyer (Ark.) 80 L. R. A.
26o, to be unreasonable and void be-
cause it violates the inalienable right
Of men to procure food, since such food
when sound and free from disease is
useful and nutritious.
A bylaw of a live stock exchange
limiting the number of solicitors that
n member shall employ, with a pro-
vision for its enforcement by fine, sus-
pension or expulsion from membership
is held, in People, McIlhany VS.. Chi
cago live stock exchange Gll)39 Ira.
873, to be an unlawful restriction on the
freedom of trade and business.
A contract with a ticket broker, en-
abling him to sell tickets at less than
the schedule rates, is held, in Raleigh
& G. R. company VS.. Swanson (Ga.) 80
L. r. A. 275, to be in violation of the
act of congress to regulate commerce,
when the tickets are for interstate
transportation, n the contract is
therefore unenforceable and void.
A contract between cosmetics fixing
the proportion and extent of their sew
eral or correlative liability between
themselves is held in Rose VS.. Wollen-
berg (Ore.) L.. r. A. 378 to be outside
the statute of frauds. With this ease
is a note presenting the other author
fties on the effect of the statute of
frauds upon such contracts between
cosmetics.
The right of a city to make it's bonds
payable in gold coin only is sustained
Murphy VS.. San Luis Obispo (Cal.)
L. r. A. 444, under a statute author
lzing them to be made payable in gold
coin or lawful money" as the statute
s necessarily construed, taking all its
together, as giving the city
he option to make them payable in
.old coin alone or in lawful money.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06
Floating Docks.

In very early days ships Of any size
were locked by grounding them at high
water and then waiting for the tide
to recede, work being proceeded with
until the tide again rose. This method
was improved upon by following out
a berth or small basin, and then, when
the water was down, a temporary dam
would be made across the entrance to
the basin where the ship lay, so that
work could go on uninterrupted by the
rising tide. This was the origin of the
craving dock, the essential factor of
which was the existence of the rise and
fall of the tide, and it is due to the
absence of tide that we owe the origi-
nal floating dock. The almost tideless
shores Of this country make it the
nursery of the floating dock, but it
was in the Baltic sea that the first
floating dock was tried. In the time of
Peter the Great the captain of a Brit
ish ship, finding that his vessel in
Cronstadt harbor was in want of dock
ing, and that, owing to the absence
of tide, the then orthodox method was
,impracticable, obtained a hulk called
the Camel, and, completely removing
her decks and internal work, cut off
one end and fitted it with a gate. He
then beached his ship inside the hol-
low hull of the Camel, closed the gate,
and pumped the water from its inte-
riOr
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06
WHAT WE OWE TO suMsLE-sKEs
The Part These Busy Workers Play In
the Fertilization of Flowers,

The Part These Busy Workers Play In
the FERTILIZATION of
Inc work OF the humble bee In bring
ing about the cross-fertilization of
flowers is as important as that of the
honey bee, and these two stand at the
head of the list of insects useful in this
respect. Each has it's flowers, which it
alone visits, but there are many flowers
on neutral ground, visited by both. So
we may say of the humble bee, as of
the honey bee, the more humble bees,
the more seeds; the more seeds, the
more f1owers-especially wild flowers,
as the tall bell flower, touch-me-not,
Solomon's seal, gentian, Dutchmen's-
breeches, and turtle head. But prob
ably the most important work this in
sect does for agriculture Is upon the
fields Of red clover. There is abundant
proof that this plant will not produce
seed without the cooperation of the
humble bee. 1t is impossible for the
vino to bring about the fertilization of
the seed, as it may do in the case of
Indian corn, grain, and some forest
trees. h tube Of red clover BIOS
SONS, too, Is so long that other insects,
including the honey bee, are not regu-
lar visitants. Here is proof that this
plant must have visits from the bum
BILE bee. This insect is not a native of
Australia, and red clover failed to pro-
duce seed there until humble bees were
imported. AS soon as they became
numerous, the plant could be depended
upon for seed. Again, the blossoms of
the first crop of the medium red clo-
yer" OF our own country are just as
perfect as those of the second crop, but
there are too few humble bees in the
field, so early in the season, to pro-
duce fertilization; hence little or no
seed in this crop. If humble bees
were sufficiently numerous there is no
reason why much larger yields of
clover seed might not be expected than
at present. Here is what a well-in-
formed farmer says about it: "It was
formerly thought that the world rested
on the shoulders of Atlas. I can
prove that its prosperity rests on the
humble bee. The world cannot prosper
without the farmers product. The
farm will not be productive without
clover. We can not raise clover with
out seed, and we can not have clover
seed without the humble bee, BECAUSE
it is this insect that carries the pollen
from flower to flower, securing its de-
velopment and continuance. Lot us
learn to know and to protect our
friends. June st. Nicholas.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06

1t is estimated, says Science S~iftings
that the earth receives not more than
n thousand-millionth part of the to-
tai radiation of the suns rays. If any
considerable proportion of this heat
were concentrated upon the earth it
would not only become uninhabitable,
but become speedily consumed. If the
great accumulation of ice at the north
pole were placed at a point on which
this tremendous heat could be focused
it would melt at the rate of 300, 00O. 900
cubic miles of solid ice per second; and
the heat is estimated, as mechanical en-
ergy, at the rate of about $1,000 horse
power to every square foot of surface.
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06

Rough Riders. Last fall Colonel Cody
decided to place the flag of Cuba among
the flags of nations in his exhibition,
and for that purpose had his agents
secure a band of genuine Cuban pa
triots for the purpose of educating the
people of the United States to a knowl-
edge OF the personnel and Characters
tics Of u neighbors, their costumes,
and their flag, to create sympathy and
respect for the subject. In doing this
he had the assistance Of those interest
ed in Cuba. Colonel Cody offered his
services to the government many
weeks ago. They were accepted, and
he holds himself in readiness when
needed. With this band of Cuban pa
triots and General Acosta, he has spent
much time studying the topography of
the island. Six of the men who have
been with him have already gone, hav-
ing left Monday night last, to take
command in the expedition from Tam
pa. Their places have been supplied
by four other disabled veterans, Cen
eral Acosta, Colonel Delgado, and
Lieutenant Mazuria, and others will
keep in communication with Colonel
Cody.
Among these veterans is Col. Eman-
uel Francisco Aguero y Aguerro. He
is now Sc years of age, ard has been an
irrepressible patriot for 20 years, never
In all that time reconciled to Spanish
rule. Whea there was any fighting 60
Ing on he was mixed up in it. Be-
tween times he was melting his coun-
trymen to do more fighting for liberty,
and was always ready to take his share
in the active conflict. Seven of his
brothers have been killed in battle,
fighting for Cuba libre, and two more
are still doing heroic service in the
field. The Spaniards butchered his
wife and seven children, and among
the incidents Of his turbulent career
have been two terrible terms of i'm
prisonment in Spanish prisons and II
severe wounds, five machete chops and
the others by rife and carbine balls.
Aguerro is the little, bronzed man, with
grizzled hair and beard, who is minus
a left forearm and has only a remnant
of a right hand. The old man says
with grim satisfaction: I'VE killed
plenty of Spanish" Among Cuban pa
triots none receive so much sympathy
as the o%ne-legged man (the old colonel,
who has only one arm, runs him a
good second). This singular rider is
yet a young man, just out of his teens,
and was a private soldier in the wal of
independence. Eldiodoro Hernandez
is his name, and he fought under COM
mand of Col. Octavia in the forces
The Neihart herald. [volume] (Neihart, Mont.) 1890-1901, 1898-08-06
Dregges-S chrOeder Rifle.

Here is a toy for the navy-one
which some of the navy's men would
enjoy playing with in the neighborhood
of the Spanish fiotilla. 1t is a Dregges-
Schroeder siX-pound rifle. 1t can fire
thirty-three shots a minute and its pro-
~jectile can pierce three inches of steel
at a distance of three miles.
1t is a new gun which has just been
placed on the revenue cutter Gresham.
1t will be in charge of Gunner Finn,
who has been or the old cutter An
drew Jackson and on the Gresham for
twenty-siX years. The Gresham has
only n ~siX-pounder rifle, but she
could easily increase her armament by
four or five more She has a speed OF
twenty-one miles an hour. But her
chief weapon of offense is her torpedo
tube.