The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-06-21

crE lxHvturp OF l1uar asI 100. Coffee
was once extensively cultivated. hut Tho
c,a.v plantations have largely 1ixyn
place to sugar. which j considered i
more profitable c-aa. pouatl,>>. how
ever. ST tac future eoTec v1l l~c,wc ..uy
of lilo PRINCIPAL crops grown feg export
a;.Uu. In Il number IT pr,X5uct< ttc
cattle industry was ST our time 4 lar-r
al3 Hoari-lIa- out. hut tb~. lib. the
other Industries 81 Gult. was ~!ar-rIy
destroyed during th. pa~t lcu Years.
n 49, There was ~aid - - ln cuba
over 100000 farms sa.lC. at S-a.fUsp.
Np.
l. mineral products Cuia ha~ mos h,cu
foUul - ~ very rjela But little gold
and silver has been discovered. lron
ininc~ a few miles east ST Santiago wera
worked on i large scale until thc pres
ont iu>urrection began. III 1>.n the ont
put from thc Santiago mines VAS iG'.
nH1 Sa.S winch constituted about '1st
fourth II lilo total importation II iron
ore - The United States during tllf
year. some deposits of a~Ihaitun4, capI.i
ami hlanGtn"~" have been ia1nl aud
W"rNel 10 4 limited extent.
There "f" about (.'hhl uit.o~ "f
Wa 'a Cuba. located mainly "a The
western portion connecting Havana With
the H"i2hf"art9E towns. There aEe nearly
".Gto mites ~ t"lr-rapa hac> 3ai nearly
LOCO miles rs cable which. nntli recent
il cut. connected the cities "f south
Cuba with tine adjacent islands. n 1921
the tonnaGo OF Havana aud tile "l-igt
other principal ports amounted To- about
3,5"o,opo tons, carried is $1,000 YES
sells.
Cub is rich in good harhorS. among
the best Icing those at Havana aud NJ
tanzaS on Til" north, Cicntu"cas and
Santiago on til" south. In addition 10
these there are many small hariars on
hoth the north and the south coast.
Nearly all OF these harhors have = com
paratlVtly small entrance, ana WIDEN
inland, poucll-llkc. 50 rs |" make Sait
shipping III the case OF storms, AMI are
chSliy defended by tortIhcaiionS. mere
are only Il few short wagon roads IN
Cuba deserving Of the name, and this
fact illustrates IS well n any other the
utter Indifference Of the SpaniardS to
such public improvements rs - We To DO
With the welfare Of the common PEG
pie. On the nclghhorllg islands OF ia
maica, which is under the control of tn"
English, and which is only ouc-tcnth
the size Of cuba, there are over two
thousand miles Of superb roads, when
make easy overland COMMUNICATION he
tween all parts Of the island.
Much interest IS manifested at
the present time III the popuI1-
ton Of Cuba. but unfortunately
accurate data are not o~htalnahlS.
The most reliable statistics acctSSlbie
are those published III the census Of
1897. These give the total population
Of the island at 1,631 ,GSl, Of which l.
111,303 are white and o2o,5Si colored'
the percentage Of colorcd population he
ING 32. This includes both the pure
black and the mulatt0 population. III
| North Carolina the percentage OF col
orcd population IS nearly 30; III Souf'l
Carolina there are 221,ooO more colorrd
people han white people. hence It Will
be seen that there has been lately Il
great deal Of meaningless and erroneous
talk in the United States about Amcrl-
can Intervention 10 set free 4 lot OF
Cuban negroes. OF this total population
III Cuba there are about 1o,Voo 'hfh'Se
laborcrs; and not including the present
army Of invasion there are not 10000
Spanisl-born residents, ana not exceed
Ing $4,000 other Caucasian foreigners.
ENcerting the Chinese th!s foreign
population IS engaged principally III 81
tlcc-hoIdIn", in trade ana shipping. ana
is largely confined 70 the cities when
contain about nne-'llfd the lotal p"pH-
latlon Of til" island. 1t Is thlS foreign
population which nowadays IS doing all
the talking and which falsely claims to
be the true representative Of all that IS
worth having III Cuba. 1t IS tins eie-
mcnt which represents Autonomy. or
Spanish rule. and wealth for itself. even
if this means death and destruction to
everything else on the island. 1T IS this
element that, 1t IS to be d~cyoutly hoped.
when the American flag floats over the
Cuban soil. will leave the island in the
possession of its real owners, the native
white Cubans.
And who are these native white Gu
bans? They constitute - per cent. Of
the native population of the island out
side Havana. which is the center Of the
present unwclcomc foreign dcsrotism
and not at all Representative" of true
Cuban life and character. What are
left Of the true CUbans are now mostly
found in the provinces and provincial
cities. They are mostly Of Spanish de