The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1898-07-06
QUEER AUTOMAT0NS.
EXAMPLES FROM THE DAYS OF
pEDALUs TO THE PRESENT.

A Wooden Venus That Walked and q
Brazen Man That Talked-A Wonderful
Mechanical Duck-The Greatest of All
the Fraudulent Automatons.
There are few things more attractive
to the generality Of men or more calcC-
lated to excite their wonder and admira-
ton than dexterously and mysteriously
contriyed automaton. There is, indeed,
something almost uncanny in the sight
of figure made by mems hands acting
like creature of flesh and blood, and
this uncanniness is one of the most sub
tie of destinations. Hence the silver OF
the curious readily finds it's way into
the pockets Of men ingenious enough to
invent such marvels.
This passion for the automaton is GER
tainly no new thing. One meets it in
almost the earliest books, sometimes
yelled in myth, sometimes more direct
" stated. Vulcan, it will be remem
bered, made automatic tripods for the
gods of Olympus - stools which ad-
vanced of their own accord to the ban
quoting table and SO retired when the
feast was over.
Aristotle tells us that the human au-
tomato which Dedalus made were SO
active that it was necessary to keep
them tethered for fear they would run
away. The same philosopher describes
a wooden Venus who walked about and
gives also the secret of the phenomenon.
She was filled with quicksilver-a some
what crude device Albertus MaQnus is
credited with having made a trazen
man who talked and St. Thomas Aqui-
mas with having pounded it to pieces
with club, suspecting it to be work
of satan. Some marvellous feats OF
mechanism are credited to John Muller,
otherwise known as Reglomontanus,
who fourished in the fifteenth century,
and in dealing with him we perhaps
touch frmer ground. One was an iron
fy which flew around table, another
wooden eagle which went out to meet
Emperor Macmillan on his entry ct
Nuremberg on June Z, 1470, and re-
turned with him to the city gates.
Whether due or not to the stimulus
given by Louis XIV, the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries were in France
times of great automatic activity. In
deed, the first named century marks the
beginning of the really historical era OF
automata. In the eighteenth century
lived Mr.. Vaucanson, perhaps the most
wonderful of all makers Of automata
and the creator Of the famous duck
which first appeared before the public
in 1741. The dusk was Vaucanson's
masterpiece and completed a reputation
already made wide by his mechanical
flute player and an automatic musician
which not only blew upon the fageolet,
but also kept time to it on tambourine.
The bird was Of life size, and not only
was it outwardly an exact imitation to
q feather of real duck, but its internal
anatomy was absolutely true to life. So,
indeed, were its movements, for it
swan, dived, walked, quacked, ate,
drank and by an ingenious device even
seemed to digest its food.
This automaton disappeared after its
inventors death, but turned up again
in 1910 in a garret in Berlin and was
purchased by George Tiets, who took
four years to put it in proper working
order again. At the end of this time it
was exhibited in a room in the Palais
Royal, Paris, where Mr.. Houdin. the
celebrated conjuror, saw it, and, indeed,
afterward, when something happened
to one of it's wings, took charge of and
repaired it. No doubt it is still in ex-
istence. Of more modern automata this
is scarcely the place to speak, for they
are private secrets. Let US confne our
selves to merely mentioning Mr.. Mas
kelyne's ''Psycho" and "Zoo. +"
Like most things, auto,nata have not
always been what they seemed. OF
many frauds upon the wonder loving
public perhaps the completest was that
of the famous automatic chess player OF
Mr.. Kempelen, which was exhibited
all over Europe at the end Of the last
centur? and afterward IN America. 1t
was the figure of life sized Turk seat
ed behind a large box, the top Of which
was marked in the middle for chess.
Prior to the automaton's meeting an
opponent the front of the box was open
ed and skeptical lockers on were shown
an arrangement of strings, pulleys and
cylinders. After this they were allowed
to examine the interior of the figure,
which was hollow. Then Mr.. Kempe-
len wound up his Turk with key, and
it was ready to play, which it Gid by
moving the pieces with its left hand
and giving three mods for check to KING
and two for check to quee'~ All the
noted chess players Of Europe scccuno.
ed to the figures superior strategy, ana
its skill so impressed the Empress Cath
crime II of Russia that she wished to
buy it and was with difficulty rersuad-
ed by Mr.. Kempelen to give up the idea
It was not for years that the secret wss
discovered; but like most secrets, 1t
loot Tho roa1 chess n1aC-