davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
BELLEAGUERED CUBA

oors. all excellent ports. but all sur
rounded by the wilderness. Some OF
these are Vita, Jururu, Barlay, Naran-
10, Sauna, Banes and Nipe, the last
named being large enough to float a
navy. Beyond the coast is clean, and
behind the reefs are some magnificent
shelters-as. for example, Navas, when
is shaped like horseshoe, has an aver
age depth of nine fathoms and Is too
feet wide at the entrance.
At last, about 90 miles from the east
ern extremity OF Cuba, there Is the hne
harbor of Bnracoa, discovered by CO.
lumbus on his first voyage In 1i92.
Above Baracoa rises the curious mesa,
or table mountain, called the Yunque'
visible 40 miles ut sea and which has
been landmark for centuries. Ordi-
narily millions of bananas aud oocoa-
nuts are shipped from this place
The bay is small, but deep and well
sheltered. 1t Is the outlet OF vast
and fertile region and is one of the
ports which have been uninterruptedly
in direct communication with the in
surgents since the outbreak of the Gu
ban rebellion. The locality Is beautiful,
and the climate Is healthful.
on the southeastern coast OF the is
land is Santiago de Cuba. or st. Jago,
as its inhabitants generally call 1t, for
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

pieces OF wood from the ancient ship as
mementos.
The city, with Its population of $4,000.
Is curious mixture of decay and gran
deur. The antiquity is generally on the
outside and therefore most apparent.
on one of the principal streets is an old
stone building, with former handsome
pillars and arches that are now Clipped
and crumbling and a wide entrance
that has been an object of grandeur,
but Is now greasy and In filthy condl-
ton, and yet 1t is the leading club
house. Inside 1t Is of sparkling beauty
and hrilliancy. The floors and walls
are of cOlored marble large fountain
in the center cools the air with shower
ing Jets of water. shimmering chande-
Hers covered with glass pendants hang
from the ceiling. and artistic tables Of
bronze and marble stand in the elegant
dining room.
Many residences with shabby exteriors
are lined with expensive marbles within
| and are handsomely furnished. A ma
| jorlty of the houses have heavy tim
bers set deep In the ground to render
| them as safe as possible in case of
earthquake, for the city has had an oc-
caslonal shake, as the unsteady APP
pearance of some of the buildings indi-
Gates. Immense sugar plantations are
but few miles from the city.
1t was at Santiago de Cuba in Novem-
Der, 1873. that Captain Fry and several
| of the crew and passengers of the Vlr-
| gnius were shot to death by order OF
the authorities. She had been captured
by the Spanish steamer Tornado. and
the claim was made that she was carry
ing men, supplies and ammunition to
the then fighting Cubans in rebellion.
To the northwest of Santiago de Cuba,
80 miles away. is Manzanillo, with a
good harbor and large trade, but no
especial means of defense. The popula-
ton is about 5000. Trinidad Is another
minor seaport on the south shore of
the province of Santa Clara. Cienfue-
Cos, also in the same province, Is a
city from which freight il shipped to.
ward the center OF the island and thence
on to Havana. 1t is located on the bay
of Jagua and possesses n fine harbor,
which is capacious and safe and is de.
Tended by the fort Of Los Angeles The
city is the most beautiful on the is
land. The streets are wide and straight
and many of the houses are surround
ed by beautiful gardens. Railways con.
meet 1t with Cnrdenas and Sagua la
Grande. The city. founded in 1873 was
named in honor OF the captain general
of Cuba. 1t has large local and ex.
port trade. The Isle OF Pines is utterly
unfortlfied.
There are several large interior forti.
fed towns, like Santa Clara, Puerto
Principe and San Cristobal, but those
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
Marines and
Bluejackets,

There has been a good deal NJ vi.
leading matter published with rcfar1n..
to the alleged cat and dog life led h..
marines and sailors on board AM,
can men-of-war. As IA slmnie mae,
of fact the sea soldiers and bhIeiaoto..
of Uncle Sam get on together evcaoa
ingly we'll There is not one-tap,h
much pickering between marines ana
bluejackets as there is among the ,sII'
ors themselves. "''
A marine recruit just assigned N
ship occasionally develops symntor,.
of the disease known as duty strnol !.
which Is synonymic with oyerofieon'
ness. and thereby .foollshly Iays ,n.
foundation of years of unpopulnr,,, t
himself by taking advantage OF b,1 az,
thority to make 1t as warm as nossi,,'
for the bluejackets. Such rs,,,,,.
however is quickly called down no ~,
older men of the marine guard ahoa,,
AS rule, the marines and blueiacts,,
are on the most friendly terms TEars
are few liberty parties OF bluei,cLa,.
bound for good time ashore that a,a
not accompanied by favorlte sea 81.
der or two, Invited along TO helm AZ
sailormen get rid of their money n.
out of his slS month the undorpaH
marine does not have u large amonr,
for shore hilarlty.
The accusation has occasionally bAar
made against American marines Of nm.
necessary severity In dealing with bne.
jacket prisoners in the brig" over
whom they have stood guard. Careful
investigation has almost lnyarisNv
proved that the severity was necessary
Some officers of the line Of the navy
have frequently advocated the abolition
Of the marine guard and having the
necessary guard duty aboard neb.of-
war, such as the watching Of prisoners.
| placed in the hands OF regularly detail.
| cd bluejackets. But II has often been
| found, in the absence Of marine guards
on landing party duty ashore, tina,
bluejacket put on guard with cutlas
over another bluejacket is much nos
severe in his treatment OF the Grscnl
| than marine ever Is. The masas u
| this having been ascertained Is tat
| there have been several cases In vhi;h
| the guarding bluejacket has laid The
| fractions prisoners head open with his
cutlass.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

tary district, Its Notifications are from
the modern standpoint insignificant.
Its main protection lies In its shallow
waters and n long neck Of land stretch
ing northwest from the city. 1t Is con-
nected by rail with Matanzas and Ha-
vnna and with Yucarro to the east. y
large proportion of its normal mercan-
tile community are Americans, to whom
the place has mainly owed its impor-
lance, prosperity and growth, and for
that reason II has been commonly call
ed "the American city" A notalAe
adornment OF the place is a bronze
statue of Columbus. which stands In the
large public square.
To the eastward another 100 miles Is
Sagua la Grande, with population OF
II 900. 1t is situated at the head OF nav
igation in the river from which 1t takes
its name. 1t is a railway terminus. but
is of minor Importance commercially.
The harbor Is open only to light draft
vessels. and the services of good pilot
are necessary to enter 1t.
Stretching along several hundred
miles easterly from Sagua is coast so
wild that 1t has always been the chosen
resort of the buccaneer and the filibus-
ter. who alone know how to enter the
numerous small bays. The largest set
Element In that region Is Nuevltas. gen.
orally called Las Nuevitas del Principe.
which is the port Of entry for the i'm
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

know when they are getting within
long range of the port by the natural
hills near 1t called from their shape
"Tetas de Manugua," or the "Maiden's
Breasts" II the light on Moro Castle
is burning, 1t can be seen 20 miles away,
as the tower, though only 70 feet high,
stands on bluff as much higher, on
which the historic fortress is built. 1t
was extinguished at the first approach
OF the hated Yankees. but the Span
inrds have never been noted for their
llberality to seamen. and the wonder Is
that they have maintained any lights at
all on the coast.
The small harbor OF San Antonio is
at the extreme western end of the Is
land. near the cape OF the same name.
There is a lighthouse i07 feet high above
II and a spring of fresh water. furnish
ing an adequate supply for a large fleet.
The interior country there is a part of
the celebrated Pinar del Rio province,
so long held and so bravely defended by
Maceo.
Guanabacon. Just to the right of Ha-
vnna. offers some facilities for landing,
but the first city of Importance is Ma
tansas, A miles eastward. and that got
its first baptism OF American fire when
the guns of Point Rubalcava and Point
Maya were silenced and those of the
two castles, san Severino and Penas
Atlas, Just inside the spacious skull
shaped harbor, We're rendered mute by
the guns OF SIMPSONS warships. The
city lies at the apex OF the bay. the
frontal hone OF the watery caput. Pr
lots Identity this port by its table top
ped hill called the Pan" or Loaf OF
| Matanzas. n
The CITY Of the Two Rivers" as It Is
designated. is q strongly fortified sea-
| port on the San Juan and Yumuri rly-
ers, these streams dividing 1t into Yer
| sailles, MatanZas aud New city. II has
n castle. fine barracks hospital. thea
ter and the inevitable cock pit. Among
the schools, which are proportIonately
/ more numerous than anywhere else in
| Cuba, Is the Empress academy, one OF
the best educational establishments in
| the West indies, 1t has long been u
! favorite residence Tor Americans.
The city contains few objects OF inter-
est, The streets are narrow, but fairly
well paved. The houses. generally one
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

merly the capital and the second city
OF the Pearl OF the Antilles in size and
population. It Is built principally on a
hillside 100 feet above the bay and Is
perhaps the most strongly fortified
town in the entire island. Hemmed in
by mountains and with no sanitary
regulations, 1t has aptly been called the
pesthole of the western hemisphere, for
yellow fever is bred here constantly.
Like Havana. 1t has all the other mod
ern accessories of civilized life. Found
ed in 1914 by. Diego Velasquez, 1t Is,
after Baracoa. the Oldest town in Cuba.
The principal buildings are the cathe-
dral, several churches, college, hos
pltal and numerous converts and
schools. Two railways lead from 1t to
the north and west. The harbor. said
to be the most beautiful in the world. Ia
four miles long, well sheltered and deep
enough for ships OF the greatest draft.
The bay entrance Is narrow, with low
land on the left and towering hill OF
rock. on the right, upon which MORO
Castle is built. The rock itself is part
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
Naval Flags.

In the navy there are seven flags os''
ignating rank aside from the special one
pertaining to the secretary Of the navy
Next to his is the assistant secretarya
an exact counterpart Of the former ex'
cept that the colors are reversed
All the remaining flags have blue
field and white stars, the order being
For admirnls, four stars; for vice au'
mirals, three stars; for rear admlrals
two stars: for commodores, one star ID
center of blue pennant. The captains
pennant is a strip of bunting 10 ies'
long. with Is stars in blue Held ana
red and white stripe. Last OF all Is
small triangular pennant with a dsai
blue field. denoting the senior oillcer !
presence in the absence Of the captain
of ship.
There are seven sizes OF flags USED u
the navy. running down from 80 ies'
to 3 feet In length. The first I'VE sues
are designated officially as ship mas
and the remaining two are boat uaS''
Sizes Nos. / and are now almost ous9,
lete. They were intended for the ~
wooden frigates. whose sterns STOOD hls-
above the water, and would be ehuie.,
unsuitable for the low lying freepO~'
of our cruisers and battleships'
A vessel in commission always car
ries the national colors at the stern W.
til shutdown every night. The has y
the commanding officer remains az u,
masthead day and night. In going
and from shore ships small boats cav,
the flag of the senior officer at the w.
when the officer is below the gtaus
captain; otherwise the officers o''
colors are used.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

OF the castle. and everywhere are cut
galleries. In which soldiers may move
about. These terraces In the rock, sur
mounted by tiers of masonry above.
give the castle the appearance of being
built in many stories. The color effect
is light yellow. almost cream. except
that down by the sea level where the
water has worn caverns in the rock the
color Is dark green.
On low point opposite is a small
fort, and there are other minor fortia-
cations on every available elevation.
They are many in number. picturesque
ly ontiquated and can support each
other In an engagement. but lack the
efficiency OF modern guns and UP to
date equipment.
The bay, well mined with torpedoes.
widens to considerable size as the city
is approached. and the water is deep.
except Mt the wharfs.
There may be seen the ribs of an old
ship sticking out OF the mud. all that
Is left of the St. Paul one of the great
ships of the Spanish armada of 1858.
But so years ago she was almost in
tact after an existence of 2h centuries.
Following the dispersal Of the armada
by storm and shot. the ST. Paul was
used as merchantmen and visited va
rious American ports, but principally
Port Royal, Jamaica, which was then
the greatest seaport in the western
hemisphere. Caught in n hurricane in
the West Indies, she put in at st. Jago
for repairs. but was so badly injured
that she never left the harbor. For
some years She was used as magazine
ship and then finally went to pieces.
Visitors tifnp time hny rnwpD
out to the old hulk and broken off
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

ing1y superfluous. It's Moro Castle. at
the left OF the entrance leading to the
semicircular harbor. is far famed. d.
rectly opposite is the Bateria de In Pun
ia, on n projecting tongue of land called
La Punta. on the same side as Moro
Is the grim, forbidding exterior OF the
castle La Cabanas, used for years as n
prison house. The fertilization Is locat-
ed upon abrupt hills. sim farther in
ward Is the Casa Blanca. commanding
the city, and beyond, in regular success
sion around the bay, are seen the forts
Numero Cuatro. Principe, San Lazaro
and Pastora. the tower of Chorrera and
the fortress of Santo Domingo. Between
the forts Numero Cuatro and Casa
Blanca stands the small town of Regla.
with its vast warehouses built OF stone
and corrugated iron, as handsome and
substantial as any In the world, ana in
which each year has been stored the
greater part Of the islands sugar pre-
paratory to expectation.
Bahia Honda. meaning deep bay"
Is 60 miles west southwest Of Havana
and the most direct natural objective
point for the landing of United States
troops from Tampa or the western pen
insular coast of Florida, as a glance at
numerous large harbors, more than in
hundred harbored Maine" on the
northern shore of Cuba. but the best OF
all Is that of Bahia Honda, which Is safe,
deep and easily entered. Some OF the
bays are as large as that of the capital
city, and there are many existing In
solitude that are amply large for the
floating of fleet. All the important
ones are mined, and it will be neccs-
sary to remove the torpedoes which tho
Spaniards have sown broadcast In the
harbor beds.
II is peculiar fact that nearly every
estuary on the north coast OF Cuba Is
marked by some distinguishing feature
of the landscape by which pilots ia
miliar with the island can enter amy o.
them even al night. This Is true of the
hills adjacent 10 Bahia Honda. one OF
which is crowned with martello tow.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
One Days Fighting In Thirty

with an army in the field hardy W.
day In 80 is given to fighting. Inc v-
err 20 days of waiting must De Nv
through in order that everything in-,
he In readiness for the one day OF W. VA
1t is not the one day of fighting WIN,
turns the hair of an officer gray ou' -.
20 days of anxiety for his men. tne y, \.
ply of their food and clothing ans IN,
maintenance of health ana goou sa ia
among them. Men do not hsht w. me
battle on empty stomachs, and ye, Ne y.
ordinary soldier rarely takes care ., ., % tat
provisions which are issued 10 h's ", At
forced marches. He eats them an ,,r #
once or throws them away on No. ~
of their weight, and at the emu ,rh
long days march he Is nuns" The,
nothing to appease his hunser -.asor.
comes the trouble. He does not r '.,nlsj
He grumbles and expects to De sup''
with more.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

portant interior town OF Puerto Princi-
pc, 90 miles southwest. 1t is virtually
unfortiflod and lies at the head of bay
Is miles in length by half as much in
breadth, the entrance being only three
quarters of mile In width. 1t has
been particularly noted as the landing
place Of flibustering expeditions and
American sympathizers and Cuban rev.
olutionists who have gone TO join the
insurgents. The population is less than
1000.
East of Nuevitas. in the province of
Santiago, are the northern harbors OF
Nuevas Grandes, Manati and Malanu-
eta. lying behind sheltering coral reefs.
One OF the best in that section Is Gil
bara, with its three hills, known as the
Table. the Sugar Loaf and the Saddle.
The great range of Crystal hills, far in
the interior. and the Pan de Sauna serve
to identify by their varying profiles the
entrances to more than dozen har-
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
The DefenSes of Her Numerous
SeaCOaSt Towns.

or two stories in height. are of stone,
plastered over and painted in various
brilliant shades, which, combined with
the absence of shade trees causes
glare in the bright sunlight especially
trying during the heat of the day.
On the plaza are the Casa de Ayunta-
miento-the residence of the governor
the cafes and the clubs. There are two
OF the latter next door to each other
the Casino. patronlzed by the Spanish.
and the Liceo, whose membership is
principally Cuban. In the northern sub
urb OF Versailles are the military bar
racks, the hospital and the castle of
San Severino, an ancient fort now used
us military prison. which is Mt the end
OF long. dusty road called the Ala
media, lined with double row of stunt
ed trees.
The ground rises rapidly, eliminating
about two miles back in the hill OF
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

Monserrat, upon which is the church of
our Lady of Monserrat. which over
looks the city. the plains In the direc-
ton of Cardenas to the eastward and
the valley of the Yumurl to the west
ward The latter Is u celebrated spot
in Cuban scenery.
Under the low hills. Just beyond the
limits of New City, the southern sub
urb. are the famous caves of Bellamar,
which. though not of great extent, con-
tain some fine specimens of stalactites
and stalagmites.
Cardenas. 103 miles east Of Havana,
with population OF 1900. is regarded
as the first town that virtually came
into the possession of the United States
forces. 1t is in one of the finest sugar
producing sections In the West Indies.
While 1t is the headquarters of the mill.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

admiral are untitled, 30 there Is no head
OF the navy excepting Secretary Long.
The biggest guns in the navy are 40
feet long and big enough for q man to
crawl into.
Great Britain has 29i torpedo boats
has only eight.
The guns of a battleship can carry
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

and since then the crew has been for
hidden to drink while on duty.
Battleships are covered with armor
of nickel steel from Ave inches in thick
ness upward.
An act OF congress in 1872 abolished
logging in the navy.
Our battleships have a speed of from
10 to II Knots an hour. Cruisers make
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
ABOUT OUR NAVY.

cent, and she must then so into dry
dock.
The oldest iron vessel is the Michi-
gan. built Ia 1874
There are six rear admirals in active
service. The office OF vice admiral and
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

10 to "a knots, while the m0"'''
less than half as fast. rv are
The fastest vessels In our ~ nnpont,
the torpedo boats Porter anu Its an
each of which can travel go
hour. - ship.
Marines are the police on poa' "a pre-.
Originally they were employee
vent mutiny among the sailors
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

from to l2 miles, hurting shot weigh
ing half u ton.
II costs $500 every time one of the
very big guns on board ship is fired.
We have four armored battleshlps--
the Indiana, Iowa. Massachusetts and
Texas
In battle all the woodwork and all
articles OF wood are either slowed be-
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
Santiago de Cuba the Most Strongly
Fortified City In the War
Stricken Island.

er. The port Of Cabanas, which was re-
Gently shelled by the ships of SIMPSONS
squadron, 10 miles farther east, Is an
other easily recognized, and IL miles be-
yond that, nearer Hayana, is the splen-
did harbor of Muriel, which Is conspic-
uous from its Pan de Muriel." or table
topped hill, Immediately behind it.
Approaching Havana harbor, sailors
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14

copyright, 1881
1t is surprising how little Is known III
this country of the many ports on the
northern shore of Cuba which either
have already been besieged by the war
ships OF our navy or will in short
time form the targets for some OF our
heaviest marine guns.
OF Havana. or Habana. as the Span
iards spell 1t. so much has been writ
EN- that any further details are seem
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-05-14
Bean Fever

Bean fever has been added 10 .n' ,o:I
OF epidemics like hay fever ~ ~ hal
fever by German doctor. ,ismus.'
christened his discovery . ava.
His cure for the disease Is to kesP
from beaniields.
The Red Cloud chief., 1898-08-12
SHE ACCEPTS AGAIN.
THE REILLY SUBMITTED TO
THE QUEEN.
According to u Madrid Story the Formal
Answer Has Been Compictcd-Tbe
Eastern Squadron to he Ordered to tho
Coast of spain.

MADRID, Aug. s.-The Spanish reply
TO the United States. according to a
high authority, accepts the American
peace conditions. IL has been complet-
ed and was submitted to the queen re-
gent this morning previous to this af-
ternoon's cabinet meeting.
The queen regent conferred with
Silvcla, the Conservative leader, this
morning, with the Duke of Tetuan,
the former minister for foreign af.
fairs, and with Marshal Martinez de
Campos, the former captain general of
Cuba.
This afternoon Her Majesty will re-
eeivc Senior Romero v Robledo, whose
views are said to be shared by General
Wcyler.
The series of conferences between
the premier, Senior Sagasta, and the
leaders of the various parties will con-
cludc this afternoon with interviews
with General Canalcjas and others.
Senior Barrios, the Carlist leader, has
not replied to Senior Sagasta's invita-
ton to come TO Madrid in order to dis.
cuss matters.