davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
CABLES ARE NOW OPEN.
New York Companies Have Removed
Ali Restrictions.

New York, July 1.-THE bile office of
has issued the following: The United
states government has Cancelled the re
strictiOns placed upon cable traffic to the
West Indies, except that destined for
Cuba, Hayti, San Domingo, Jamaica and
Porto Rico"
The Commercial Gable company made
the following announcement today: We
are advised that messages in code and
Barbadoes, Grenada, Guadalupe, Martin
Thomas Thor St. Vincent ana trinidad 1sGla The
islands of Cuba, Jamaica, Santo Domingo.
Hayti and Porto Rico are still closed to
all code and cipher MESA ges, and mess
ages in any form to or from Spanish Of
fcials at any point here or abroad are
prohibited.'
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

coal as soon as the Spanish sailors are
landed and will then leave for Annapolis
with the Spanish officers
The St. Louis came up from Santiago
with less than 500 tons of coal and the
economy in the coal supply was the cause
of her slow trip.
Captain Jones of the Texas also came on
the St Louis and preached last night in
in the War.
Sherman Hoar of the Massachusetts vol
unteerS' Aid association has completed ar
rangements for sending to the troops a
large amount of supplies by the St Louis.
1t is understood that the steamer, after
she discharges her prisoners, will coal at
Newport News and then take a large
number of troops to Cuba
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
FINED FOR CRUELTY.
The Police Judge Administers a Les
son to George Harris.

st. Paul. MINI, July 11.-George Har-
ris purchased a chicken and, as he
walked down the street, holding the
fowl by a string tied around its feet,
he allowed his dog to bite and worry ii.
Lieut.. Babe and Assessor Seng witness
ed the conduct, and Babe placed Harris
under arrest. He was tried before
Judge Orr and fined SO for cruelty to
animals. In his defense, Harris made
this suggestion:
Don't see how they could rest me
for cruelty to animals, Is ALWAYS
thought chizing was a fowl of the
air"
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
WITH HIS OWN PISTOLS.
Marshal Fernandez Shot to Death by
a Drink Crazed Citizen.

RogersviHe. Tenn. July Lion Fer
nandez, city marshal was shot and in
stanuy killed by Bradley Bynum. By
mum was under the influence of drink and
was very diSOrderly. The marshal an
preached him, and Bynum thereupon at
tackled FERNANDEZ. and succeeded in TAX
ing both his pistols. Fernandez armed
himself with another weapon and was
forced to fire upon Bynum. The latter
then opened a fusillade with both the CAP
tured pistols. firing ten shots. Fernan-
DEE fell at the first shot. Bynum made his
escape, but a posse at once started in
pursuit.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
=. ~srn are the only pills TO take
IIOOQ = f~lIIS with Hoods Sarsanarilla-
GIRL CYCLIST KILLED.
Wagon Strikes Jennie Simon, IA Years
Old, With Fatal Results.

Chicago, July 11.-Injuries sustained
in being knocked from a bicycle by a
heavy truck caused the death of Jennie
Simon, IA years old The girl was rid
ing on Twentieth and State streets
when the accident occurred.
Spectators tried vainIy to warn her
of her danger. Charles Haas, the dri-
Yer of the truck was arrested and is
being detained pending the coroner'S
inquest
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
BLANCO URGES WAR.
Says That the Cuban Volunteers Can
not Be ReconciIed to Surrender.

Paris, July IA letter from Madrid saws
that General BlancO in replying to the
governments request for his views of the
situation, urges war to the end. and as
serts that the Cuban volunteers cannot be
reconciled to the idea of handing the isl
and to the Americans, and that a ma jOrity
of the Cubans favor Spain.
1t is believed in Paris that the interview
between Senior SagaSta. the Spanish prem
Ter, and the Austrian ambassador, and that
of Senior Sagasta with the Archduchess
Elizabeth Of Austria, are connected with
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
TO OBSERVE THE WAR.
Russian Officers Are on Their Way to
the Battlefield.

st. Thomas, D. w. I, July 11.-Capt.
POklwisnef. naval attache of the Rus
sian embassy. at Madrid, and Colonel
G1ingski of the Russian cavalry have
arrived at St. Thomas from Santander,
both bound for Kingston, Jamaica.
Their ultimate destination is Cuba,
war movements for the Russian gov
eminent.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

If your child has thin, pale cheeks.
uncertain appetite and unrestful sleep
1t has worms, and curing it with strong
medicines only makes conditions worse
by irritating its delicate stomach
Whites Cream Vermifuge is mild but
certain in effect, and is a superior tonic
as well as a positive worm DESTROYER
Geo ". Stansheld. 632 Kansas avenue
and Mtller's Pharmacy, corner Sixth
and Topeka avenue.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

Is your liver tired? does 1t fan 70 do
IFS duty? If SO, don't neglect its call
for help. A few doses of Herbine may
save you a spell of sickness. Herbine
Is the only perfect liver medicine It
cures ChilIs and Fever. 75c. Geo. w.
Stansfeld, 632 Kan. Ave. and AIiller's
Pharmacy, Cor. 9Th and Topeka Ave.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

world-faned for its brightness and the most
complete General Weekly-covering a wider
range of subjects suited to the tastes of men
and women of culture and refinement than any
journal-ever published. Subscription price,
s. per annuna.
TALES FROM TOWN TOPICS. a as6-pago
Quarterly Magazine of fiction, appearing the
first day of March, June, September and De-
cemoer, and publishing original novels by the
best writers of the day and mass of short
stories, poems, burlesques, witticisrns, etc.
Subscription price, S. per annun.
Club price for both, SIS per annum.
You can have both of these if you subscribe
NOW and a bonus of 10 novels selected from
the list below. Regular price for each, so
cents. All sent postpaid.
Remit S. in New York exchange, express or
postal money order. or by registered letter,
together with list of the 10 novels selected.
by numbers, to
TOWN TOPICS.
EOS Fifth Avenue New York.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
Stomach Trouble
Severe Suffering Relieved by
HOODS SarsaparilIa
Also Proves Effective for casarFEl
and Impure Blood.

Also Proves Effective for caSaFrEI
and Impure Blood
81 suffered with very severe stomach
trouble, and medical treatment utterly
failed to do me any good. There was 50
much said about Hoods Sarsaparilla that
I concluded to try it. The first bottle did
not seem to do me much good except when
I felt very bad would take dose and 1t
would revive me. But I kept on with
Hoods SarsapariIIa until had taken i've
bottles and then 1 was entirely well.
have taken it since for catarrh, and my
Oldest son for impure blood, and 1t has
done us all SO much good that we never
intend to be without it," MRS d. L.
WILLIAMS, Racket Store, Marion, Kansas.
Be sure to get Hoods and only
Hoods s9 ns;1iia
The best-in fact the One True Blood Purifier.
Sold by all druggists. 81; six for s..
Hoods Pills with Hoods sarsanarilla-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

Ta bler's Buckeye Pile Ointment re-
Ifeves the intense itching. 1t soothes. it
heals. it cures chronic cases when sur
geOns fail II is a scientific certainty.
Its sales increase through its cures. it
is no experiment. Every bottle guar
anteed- soc. Tubes, 75c. Geo. w. STAINS
field, 632 Kan. Ave, and Miller's Phar-
macy. Cor. 6th and Topeka avenue.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
Colorado and Return 40.

Summer tourist tickets to Pueblo
Colorado Springs, and Denver and re-
turn. on sale daily to and including
September Is, 1898, at Santa Fe depot
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

the invoking of the good offices of the
austrian government with a view to re-
establishing peace.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

6-THE SALE OF SOUL By C. NJ s Mcclellan
1.-THE COUSIN OF THE KING. By A S. VanWestFum.
SIX MONTHS IN HADES. BY CIarce l. bingham.
S-IAE SKIRTS OF CHANCE. By Captain Alfred
IO-ANTHoNY KENT. By Charles Stokes Wayne.
Han ECLIPSE OF VIRTUE. By Champion BisseH.
12-AN UNSPEAkABLE SIREN. By John Cllist.
15-IHAT DREADFUL WOMAN. By Harold lynne.
IA DEAL IN DENVER. BY elmer Mo Ksndree.
Is-WIi42 SAYS GLADYS By David Christie Murray.
90 NhRY REMARKABLE GIRL BY L. H. Bickford.
~ ~; 44-NERIAGE FOR HATE By Harold R NyHne
1s-gDl OF THE SULPHUR By 7. C. De Leon.
19-If1E WRONG MAN BY Champion Bisssll
S0-l Re HUNT FOR HAPPINESS. BY Anita Vvsna
Chartres
eI-aER STRANGE EXPERIMENT. BY Harold R. vynna.
ez-tJS The ALTAR OF PASSION BY John Giiiar.
VA MARTYR TO LOVE. By Joanna E. Wood
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11

Not how cheap but how good Is the
way we try to do our work. Peerless
Steam Laundry. III and Ia West sth
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1898-07-11
GOOD TINES HAVE COME.

You can afford to indulge yourself or youP
family in the luxury of a good weekly news
paper and a quarterly magazine of fiction.
You can get both of these publications with
almost library of good novels for S. per year.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
In Love With His Mother.

Of all the love affairs IN the
worln none can surpass the
true love OF a big boy for his
mother. 1t is pure and no.
ble, honorable to the highest
degree in both. l do not
mean merely a dutiful affec-
tion. l mean a love that
makes a boy gallant and
courteous to his mother, say
ing toeverybody plainly that
he is fairly in love with her.
Next to the love of a hus-
band. nothing 80 crowns a
woman's life with honor as
this second love, this devo-
ti0n of a son to her. | never
yet knew a boy to turn out
bad who began by falling IN
love with bis mother. Any
man may fall in love with a
fresh.faced girl, and the man
who is gallant with the girl
may cruelty neglect his worn
and weary wife, but the boy
who is a lover OF his mother
in her middle age is a true
knight, who will love his wife
as much in her sere-leaved
autumn as he did in the dais-
i ed springtlme.-W
Signal.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
The old books told us that

The old books told us that
air was not compressible, but
modern science has exploded
that and now we have liqui-
fed air; air that by extract
ing the heat from it is reddc-
ed to a liquid and may be
dipped up like water. 1t is
about 800 times as cold as
ice, and when held in a glass
soon begins to boil with the
heat in the air and soon evap
crates. 1t will freeze alcohol
or mercury in a few seconds,
and a piece OF beef or an egg
immersed for a minute or SO
will be frozen so hard that
they may be beaten into
dust. Much is expected ol
this discovery, or invention,
but what practical use is to
be made of it remains to be
seen. -Ex.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
Only State Negroes Control:
Chatham Record,


Chatham Record.
North Carolina is the only
State in the United States
whose elections are controlI-
ed by the vote OF the colored
people, and consequently this
State has more colGred Off
GERS than any other State in
the American Union.
Had you thought of this?
The Republican party is
now the dominant party in
this State, and three.fourths
OF that party in this State
are colored men.
As a consequence you will
find that:
L. North Carolina is >the
only State that has a color
ed Congressman.
2. North Carolina is the
only State that hasa colored
United States District Attor-
ney.
3. North Carolina is the
only State that has a co.or-
ed State Inspector of fertiliz
ers.
4. North Carolina has
more colored members OF the
Legislature than any other
State.
5. North Carolina ha 6
more colored postmasters
than any other State, there
being seven in one county.
6. North Carolina ha Il
more coIored magistrates
than any other State, there
being seventeen in one coun-
|ty alore.
7. North carolina ha 8
more colored registers Of
deeds than any other State.
8. North Carolina has
more colOred school commit
teemen than any otherSta
9. North Carolina has
more colured county commits
sioners than any otherSrate
White men of North Caro-
lima, what think you OF these
things?
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
A SPARTAN MOTHER.
News and Observer.

News and Observer.
Yesterday morning a man
advanced in life presented
himself at Camp Dan Russell
and said he had come to VOL
unteer. He received a cor
dial greeting from Col. Bur-
gwyn, Maj. Dixon and Col.
Cotton, who do not every
day meet a man with mature
years, the father of a family
who is ready to volunteer.
1t developed that the new
recruit was Mr.. Norton, OF
Madison county. He has q
son in the regiment who re-
Gently deserted, and who is
now on the chaingang as a
punishment.
1t seems from Mr.. Norton's
story that when the news OF
the desertiOn of thesOn reach
ed the humble home in the
mountains it brought sor-
row and grief to the heart OF
a fond mother, who keenly
felt the disgrace which the act
involved. After her first nm
guish she turned to her hus.
band and said: "You must
go. You will serve your
country faithfully and you
will help our boy redeem his
good name and regain the
confidence of his officers"
With Spartan heroism she
bade him goodbye, and in
her far off mountain home
prays for the two soldiers she
has given to her country.
That's the sort Of homet
from which the North Caro-
lima regiments are recruited
GA 9ToEfA.
Bear. til. h1hs Kind You Hs.. Always 8'sgh
s's,:.,'. ZHzZzM
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21

A man in Virginia, rode
forty miles, to Fairfax Sta
tion, for the express purpose
Of getting Chamberlain's
cough remedy, an d took
home with him a dozen bot
ties Of the medicine. The
druggist who rela tes the in
ci1ent, add; "Your remedy
seems to be a general favorite
wherever known" Its effects
are indeed wonderful in all
lung and throat troubles.
Procure a bottle at NJ. B.
Black burns store.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
Tsi iribls D,sastsr At Sea..Over 56o
Liyes Lost.

Halifax Dispatch, 9Th.
The French Steamer La
Bourgone o. the Campagule
General Trans-Atlantique
Line, with 725 souls o n
board; was RUN down by the
iron sailing ship Cromarty.
shire, 80 miles south disable
Island, during t h e early
morning of July 4, and sunk
within half an hour, carrying
with her over 800 Of her pas
sengers and crew. The bal
ance, who were not drawnb by
the fearful suction. struggled
and fought for life, until 1853
we're at length rescind from
death by the crew OF the
Cromartyshire, which ship
survived t h g collision. A
thick fog prevailed at the
time of the disaster.
The story OF the fearful ac-
cident from the few officers
and crew who were saved is
yet to be told, but if the
words of the passengers who
were dragged aboard t h e
Lromartyshire, and la er
brought into this port by
the steamer Grecian are to
be believed, the last few min.
utes on board the Bourgogne
witnessed some of the most
terrible scenes of horror and
cruelty that have blotted the
history of a civilized race.
Instead Of the discipline
which so often has been the
one bright feature of such
awful moments, the crew of
the stea mer like demons for
the few life boats and RATS.
battering the helpless pas
sengers away from their only
means of salvation With the
result that the strong over
came the weak, and the list
of one hundred and sixty
three saved contained the
|name OF hut one woman,
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
Sharp Practice Wins.
to Raleigh Post.

O~Ss AoSSAON VHAb
Special to Raleigh Post.
North Wilkesboro, July 49,
The Eighth Congressional Re
publican convention wascall-
cd to order this morning at
II o'clock. The counties re-
sponded, after which t h e
chairman appointed a con-
mtttee on credentials, COM
posed of Linney men against
protest. Gag rulc reigned
supreme and the report of
t h Q credentials committee
was forced on the coDven-
tion. thus debarring all cand
idates except Linney. This
caused a bolt and a large
number walked out OF the
convention. Then the Lin.
ney men were lords of all
they surveyed, and he was
nominated without a dis
senting voice. After the con-
vention adjourned the anti
Linney men assembled and
organized. They appointed
an executive committee
which ia to call a convention
later and nominate another
candidate.
The convention was a warm
number from start to finish,
and it was clearly evident
that the revenue officers and
postmasters were Linney' s
hackers who did not propose
to allow any OF the other
candidates to have any
chance. Hot speeches made
by both sides and the breach
widened.
The following is a list ol
candids tes who under gag
rule were refused any chance
to present their claims: Dr.
j. 0. Wilcox, Ashe; T. j. Du.
la, Wilkes; Alex. Bailey, Da-
vie; Sam Marshall, Surry. All
these men were in the fight
with good following, but the
rulings ofCzar Reed laid them
in the shade. The last con
vention adopted strong reso
lutions denonncing Linney's
chairman.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
Bucklen's Arnlca Sa've.

The best salve in the world for
cuts, bruises, sores, ulcers; salt
rheum, fever sores, tetter; chap.
ped hands, chilblains, corns and
all skin eruptions, and positively
cures piles, or no pay required.It
is guaranteed to give perfect sat
isfactlOn or money refunded. 25
cents per box. For sale by Hols-
claw and by Blackburn.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
Starving Cubans Die From Overeating:

Starving Cubans Die From Overeating:
Many of the Cubans had
cen without substantial
food for so long that they
fairly goIged themselves un-
til the situation began to
look serious for the American
troops. They feared they
would not have enough food
left for their own sustenance
after the Cubans had been
fed.
Now comes the touching
sequel to the incident of the
feeding of the Cubans. So
desperate was theircondition
that four of Garcia's men, in
Guiding an aide on General
Castlllo's staff, have died
from the effects of oyereat-
ing. General Castillo's aide
asked for food and was given
some bacon, which he dcvour
ed raw, being too hungry to
wait until the bacon could be
cooked. He was found dead
the next morning, sitting un
der a tree. Contentment was
written in his countenance,
and the remains of the feast
we're clasped tightly to- his
heart.
Three other Cubans, after
being supplied with food by
the steward of one of the
American transports, gorged
themselves and swan ashore.
They died before morning
and their bodies were swollen
to enormous proportions.
Many other Cuban patriots,
unable to withstand the ef
fects OF overea ting; have been
taken to the army Hospital.
Many were in the last stages
0 { starvation when given
food from the American sup
'ply.-Ex.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
ELK PATRIOTISM.
Democrat.


Editor Democrat.
Never in the history OF our
little town has there been
such a large gathering az
was assembled here tn j 8
morning to witness the de-
parture Of the brave soldier
boys to fight for their coun-
try. Long before the depart
ure of the train for johnson
City, the streets and depot
platform were crowded with
the mothers, fathers and
sweet hearts, who had assem-,
bled TO bid their loved ones
adieu. The squad left Bow
er's Hotel in charge of Lieut.
Albert Fink, OF the 4th Tenn.
Volunteers. and marched to
the depot amidst the cheer
ing and waving O T flags,
where n line was formed and
the crowd passed along shak
ing hands with the soldiers.
1t, indeed, WIS a very touch
ing scene, there hardly being
Il dry eye in the crowd, and
tears were shed by many who
had perhaps not known how
sad a parting it would be.
The squad numbered thirty
two and each man carried q
small flag in his hat. 1t was
certainly very hard for US to
part with our boys, but we
glory in the fact that our
town and its neighborhoud
has the honor of furnishing
our boys to defend thelrcoun
Try. We deeply regret that
North Carolina could not
have had the credit Of fur
nishing these men to our ow n
regiments, but, in spite Of all
the efforts that could b e
made, we were unable to get
q recruiting officer to come
to our town to enlist for our
own sta te, and this was the
first chance that our boys
had ever had to enlist. But
wherever our boys are, we
have the consolation ofknow
ing the past record of North
Cardinals brave boys in the
last war, which was second
to none, and we know that
they will forever hold up the
honor Of our state, and will
forever be found pressing on
ward into the thickest OF the
fight, bearing onward the
stars and Stripes Of this
grand old Nation.
The following is a list o.
the company which left fol
Camp Bob Taylor, Knoxville
Tenn: T. L. Lowe, Joseph
Bowers, Greed Young, Buc
Justice, John Gomley, Clatt
Perry, George Lakey. Dolpt
Winters, Zeb Winters, El VIII
ters, Lum Adkins, Jim Ad
kins, Eli Younce, William
Younce, William Kellar, Ton
Laws, Rohy Hartley, Straut
Perkins, Fin Caraway, Dal
Oakes, James Buntln, Georg'
Buntin, Dan Potter, Jak'
Hicks, Dan Williams, Georg'
Williams, Moses San 1ers, Re-
by Greer, Will Erwin, San
McKylea, Abe Eggers AM
Dave Moody.
g, G. CttRRfER.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
How to Bead the Bible.


No book is 80 universally
read and misread and 80 Of
ten quoted and misquoted,
so proudly shown and 80
much neglected in SO many
homes, so much used as the
authority and excuse for ev-
cry sort OF purely human con
duet, as the Bible. By some
it is held as a fetish, to he ap
preached IN superstition; by
Others it is viewed with in
difference and treated with
scofing; and bS a very great
many it is studied as it de-
serves to be. We get from
the Bible, just as we getirom
any other book, that which
we seek, and that depends
upon the attitude OF mind in
which we approach it. When
we read u scientific book, con
suit a dictionary or an ency-
clopedia, read a novel or a
poem, we 90 with mind alert,
quickened, desirous OF find
ing beauty, truth and help
fulness; we read for informa-
ton. or to please the taste,
or to quicken the intellect. or
to rest and help the mind, All
these purposes may be met
by a proper reading of the
Bible, but we too often ap-
proach it with mind anert,
dead, Indifferent, inattentive,
not caring for it's truth or
it's beauty. J. believe that
condition OF things is largely
due to a desultory reading. a
perfunctionary reading, and
bringing a wrong state o
consciousness to our reading
Of it, or to hearing it read by
Others, and l believe the rem
edy lies in our awakening
from it, not only to the fact
that there is a Bible, not On
ly to familiarity and the fact
that it has value. but to ia
lniliarity with the facts that
there are in the Bible, and fa-
miliarity with that which
constitutes it's value. We
are prone to neglect those
things that are Immediately
before us, that are most val
uable, and to reach out after
something that is further
away that, on account OF it's
distance, seems to be more
valuable than that which is
Immediately in our hands
awaiting our attention. We
should bring to our study ol
the Bible keener intellects,
livelier judgement, more en-
lightened taste, ard a more
vivid imagination than we
bring to the study of any
other book; then we shall be
repaid for searching the SCRIP
lures, be rewarded with great
riches.-Prof. Roark.
Watauga Democrat. [volume] (Boone, Watauga County, N.C.) 1888-current, 1898-07-21
JOHN ". DYER,
BLACKSMITH and WHEELRIGHT
(ST. JUDE, N. C.)

Imake a speciality Of repairing
wagons, hicks, buggies, etc.
% Wagons made to order on
short notice: Nothing but t b e
best material used and satistac:
tion guaranteed. A trial is all 1
ask.