davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
MANILA
AND THE
PHILIPPINES.
Interesting Information About This Great Archi-
pelago Over Which Our Flag Now Floats.

Under this monarch an ecclesiastical
organization, principally of monastic
orders, was established.
The history of these islands during
the nineteenth century has been one
of oppression, restrictions on CON-
merce and ferocious taxation, in which
the ecclesiastics used their influence
for the support of the Spanish SOW
ereignty. The last revolt broke out
in 1896. The conspiracy was discov
cred before the day appointed for the
rising, and the plans of the insurrec-
tionists were Disconnected Yet when
the authorities proceeded to arrest
those known to be involved the rebels
mustered in force, amounting to sew
eral thousand, but were dispersed
when they offered battle in the neigh
borhood of Manila. The insurgents
established themselves in the province
of Cavite. on the south shore of Manila
Bay, eight miles southwest of the port
of Manila, and held it until the arri-
val of 25, 600 reinforcements from Spain
and of a considerable naval feet, which
enabled the government to suppress
them. Here was the scene of the bat
tie of the LIST of May, 1898, between
the American Commodore Dewey,
with seven. vessels of war and two
transports, and the Spanish Admiral
Montijo, with ten armored vessels, in
which the latter was disastrously de-
feated
In the inaccessible mountainous
parts of the islands there are still un-
subdued savages. In the last census
returns the number of natives not sub
jected to the civil government and
paying no tribute is given as 602, ,S53,
while the number of natives paying
tribute is returned as 5,501 1856.
THE latest records of the Philadel-
phia commercial museum furnish
these statistics:
The public revenue of the island is
about $5, 000,0 900, of which the larger
part is raised from direct taxes, poll
taxes, customs, monopolies and lot
teries.
The chief articles of produce are
sugar, hemp, tobacco, coffee and
copra. The foreign trade is confined
to the ports of Manila, Iloilo, Cebu
and Jamboanga
The climate of the Philippines
varies little from that of other noun
famous tropical countries. The range
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
OUR FIRST NAVY.
The brilliant Achtevem nts of Admiral
Ezekiel Hopkins.

Ezekiel Hopkins.
The outbreak OF the Revolutionary
War found the patriots without navy
Congress had to create one. -Four
merchantmen were first purchased,
hastily equipped with guns and sent
to sea as cruisers; but their defects as
war vessels soon became so apparent
that Congress determined at once tc
set about the building of navy. On
October 3, 1775, Congress ordered
two cruisers built; and on December
13 the order was increased to five 80
gun ships, five 28-gun ships and three
24gun ships. They were to be ready
for the sea by the following April.
The names given to the thirteen yes.
sells were Boston, Congress, Efing
ham, Delaware, Hancock, Montgom
cry, Raleigh, Trumbull, Virginia.
Warren, Washington and Randolph.
These were the first war vessels con
structed in the United States.
The first Commander-in-Ch Chief was
Ezekiel Hopkins, of Rhode Island,
younger brother of Congressman
Stephens Hopkins. He was appointed
to this high Office on December %,
1775.
In short time feet of four ships
and three sloops was ready, and with
these Admiral Hopkins set out to win
glory for himself and country. Among
his lieutenants was the famous John
Paul Jones, who was, probably, the
most brilliant and daring naval officer
of the wars with England.
The Bahama Islands in the West
Indies were then an English colony,
with New Providence as their princi.
pal seaport and seat of government;
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
Farm and Garden Notes.

Wood ashes are one of the best fer
tilizers for trawberries, currants, rasp-
berries, blackberries, etc.
Cultivate thoroughly, thin severely,
fertilize abundantly, and you will
come out in the right place.
Destroy currant worms by sprink-
ling leaves with hellebore powder, a
tablespoonful to pail of water.
Strawberries require abundant sup
ply. of moisture during the growing
and fruiting seasons. Cultivate after
rains, or mulch to prevent escape of
moisture.
Stale bakers bread if not mcldy,
makes an excellent chick en- food, soaked
in milk and then squeezed out pretty
dry. Only soak what is needed for q
meal at one time.
Don't forget to~dust the hen well
with insect powder before giving her
the eggs, and again before she hatches
There is nothing that will sap the
chicks vitality quicker than lice.
After the chicks get three weeks old
wheat and cracked corn may be given
once or twice day. Feed twice as
much wheat as corn on clean board
and only what the chicks will clean
up in five minutes.
Appletree grubs should be cut out
with knife or crushed with wire.
To prevent their ravages apply in
May or early June and twice later, at
intervals of three weeks, strong So
luton of soft soap to which has been
added 10 drops crude carbolic acid to
a pint. This prevents the beetles
from laying the eggs from which the
grubs hatch.
The plum curculio should be Jared
from the tree by sharp rap with q
mallet in the morning when he is
sluggish. Wind one layer of carpet
ing around block, place it against
the trunk and hit it so as not to in
jure the bark. To catch them spread
sheet on frame with slit from one
side to the centre and mount on
wheels. 1t may then be so placed 90
to entirely encircle the traA
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26

square miles area, and Mindanao, on
the southeast, having an area of 81, 456
square miles. The total area is COM
puted at ia, 900 square miles.
The chief seaport of the group is
Manila, overlooking a capacious bay
on the southwest shore of Luzon.
The other chief ports are Iloilo and
Cebu, on the islands of the same
name, inthe central part of the archi-
pelago.
There are half dozen other islands
in the central and western part of the
group. the areas of which range from
that of Rhode Island to that of Con-
necticut. They are inhabited, in
round numbers, by about 5000, 900
people, of whom dwarfed race of
Negritos, now driven into, the noun
tains and interior lands, seem to be the
descendants of the aborigines. The
bulk Of the population is Malayan, of
whom there are numerous tribes; the
dirtiest and most pagan is known as
the Igorrotes, and yet they display
exemplary qualities. They are one of
the most important mountain tribes of
aSAAOh anu dlC huiOHS tnC
who virtually escape omnivorous
Spanish taxation. They are good
farmers, laying out terraced fields on
the mountains, constructing irrigation
canals and having considerable rep
utation as metallurgists. Their do
mestic morality is fayorably in contrast
with that of their neighbors.
Another element of the population
are the Chinese and their Mestizos. or
descendants of mixed Sinitic and native
blood. There is scarcely community
on these islands where the Chinese are
not found. Petty trade and banking
are almost entirely in their hands.
Europeans and their descendants are
not numerous here, although there is
a considerable breed of half -castes.
derived from European fathers.
1t was not until the close of the six
teenth century that the archipelago
passed under Spanish domination, dur
ing the reign of Philip III. About the
middle of the century an expedition
sailed from Mexico in five sLips. but
: accomplished little. In 1866 Don
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi reached the
islands and founded Spanish settle
ment at the town of Cebu, and it is in
his correspondence that the name of
Philippine Islands is first recorded.
1t was given in honor of his sovereign.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26

of the thermometer during the year is
from little over sixty degrees to
about ninety. The year may be di
vided into three seasons; the first,
cold and dry, commences in Novem.
Der; the second, warm but still dry,
commences in March, the greatest
heat being experienced from April to
the end of May, and the third, which
is excessively wet, continues from
June to the middle of November.
Generally speaking, the natives are
mild and amiable, predisposed to re.
ligious observances, extremity super
stitious and very hospitable. Those OF
Batangas, Cagayan and Southern Ilocos
are better and more industrious la.
borers than those of the other prov.
inces. During their youth they work
with energy and a certain mental
vigor, but on reaching more advanced
age lapse into Incidence, which is one
OF their greatest defects.
The women are averse to idleness,
have spirit of enterprise and often
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26

long period only single galleon,
and that under government super
vision, was allowed to proceed yearly
from Manila to Acapulco, the value of
the cargo each way being restricted
within a prescribed sum. Direct
trade from Europe via the Cape of
Good Hope commenced in 1764; but,
as if the exclusion from it of all but
Spanish ships was not sufficient, in
1855 monopoly of this commerce was
bestowed on the Royal Company of
the Philippines. With the close of
the eighteenth century certain
amount of liberty began to be conced-
ed to foreign vessels. The first Eng
lish commercial house was established
in Manila in 1909, and in 1884 the
monopoly of the Royal Company ex-
pired. Manila remained the only port
for foreign trade till 1912, when Cebu
was also opened. Jamboanga Min
danao), Iloilo (Panay), Sual (Luzon),
Legazpi or Albany (Luzon) and Ia
cloban (Leyte) are now in the same
category, but only Manila, Iloilo and
Cebu have proved of real Importance,
as they are the only ports where for
eign- n-bound vessels have hitherto load
ed.
The exports from the United States
to the Philippines have always been
very insignificant, although our i'm
ports from the islands have often
reached large proportions. The prin-
cipal articles exported from this coun-
try to the Philippines are -four, petrol
cum, leather goods, iron and steel, etc.
Imports from the PHILIPPINES are chiefly
sugar and hemp.
The foreign trade of the Philippines
has always been subject to great fiuc-
tuations. The insecurity arising un-
der the Spanish administration, and
the consequent dissatisfaction of the
native population, together with con-
stantly recurring Instructions, have
prevented these islands from develop
ing the riches with which nature has
bountifully endowed them. Gold.
sulphur and large deposits of excellent
steaming coal are widely distributed
over the country, and an intelligent
government, coupled with enterprise
in business and humanity of spirit,
could rapidly turn this fertile region
into source of great wealth for man
kind
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
First Run on a Eank.

The frs run" on banking insti
tutions in London was in 1867. Many
Lombard street goldsmiths and bank
ers had lent out the money intrusted
to them, and being called upon for
payment, were unable to meet the de :
mand. A crowd of creditors and
others assembled and riot followed,
in which four bankers were hanged at
heir own doors before order could be
cestored and the angry creditors per-
suaded that they We're not being swim
He'd.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26

engage in various trades with sue
cess. They are economical and sac
rihce themselves cheerfully for those
to whom they are attached.
Before the days of Spanish rule
there was considerable commercial in
tercourse between the Philippines and
China and Japan, but this, which
would naturally have developed enor-
mousiy II tho Spanish trade between
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
Pienlnnt in the Gardan.

No vegetable responds more readily
to minimum amount of cultivation
than rhubarb, and it makes a first
class substitute for fruit. Two meth
ods of starting bed of rhubarb may
be adopted, either by growing the
seed or planting roots; but the latter
is much preferable. If a few old
roots can be obtained, they may be di-
vided with sharp spade into as many
pieces as there are eyes.
Care must be taken to insure of
there being an eve or bud to each
piece, as they will not grow if this is
missing Rhubarb is very heavy
feeder of soda, one of the alkalies con-
tanned in the ashes of plants, much the
same rs potash in its agricultural char
acter and uses, and this fact must be
taken into consideration when prepar-
ing the land for planting. The plants
should be set out in rows five feet
apart each way, care being taken not
to bury the crown, which should be
about level with the surface. Fall
planting gives the most satisfactory
results, and coating OF well-rotted
manure spread on the bed to the depth
of six inches every fall and plowed
in will materially assist development.
Never allow the plant to run to seed,
but on the first appearance of flower
spikes remove them, as they greatly
tend to lessen the vigor, besides caus-
ing the whole plant to become tough
and insipid.
The composition of the ash of the
rhubarb stalk as given by Salisbury
is: Carbonic acid, 40; silicic acid,
0.45; sulphuric acid, 10. 70 /; phosphoric
acid and peroxide of iron, 1920; lime,
3.57; magnesia, 0.20; potash, 500;
soda, 326; sodium, 0.97; chlorine,
.4S; organic matter, II. Is. Andrew
II. Ward in New York Tribune.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
Keeping Apples in Pits.

A uniform temperature and one but
little above freezing is more easily
maintained in an out-of-door pit COW
cred with soil than in the house cellar
which is always kept too warm for the
best keeping of fruit or vegetables.
But in keeping apples in pits, care
should be taken not to lelve the fruit
in contact with earth or where soil
filtered water can get to it. This will
give apples an earthly and disagreeable
taste, which makes them unfit to eat
raw and is not wholly removed by
cooking.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
ni.nond Combustion.

No one can tell where the diamond
goes to in combustion. Burn it, and
it leaves no ash; the flame is exterior,
like that of cork, and when it has
blazed itself out there remains not
even SO much as would dust the an
tenn@ of butterfly.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26
Origin of Infantry.

The term infantry soldiers origi-
dated with the Spanish, and was first
applied TO the military force employed
by an infante, or young prince of
Spain, to rescue his father from the
Moors.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26

LII authorities
agree that the
Philippine ISL
ands constitute
o ne of t b e
greatest archi-
pelagoes of the
world. They lie
in the north
tropic zone and
8 separate e 9 the
South China Sea
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1898-05-26

on the west and The Pacific Ocean on
the east. The eastern shore of the prin-
cipal island is about 600 miles east of
Hong Kong; it is the largest and most
northern great island of the group-a
group which, extending from five de-
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1898-08-31
THIRTEENTH LOSES
TWO MORE MEMBERS
DANIEL TUBBs AND SYLVESTER
DETRICK DIE.
Passed Away Yesterday in the Med
ico-Chirurgical Hospital in Phila-
delphia-Private Tubbs Was a
Company B Man and a Native of
Taylor-Private DERRICK Was a
Member of Company f and Lived
on the West Side-Parents Arrived
Too Late.

Typhoid fever yesterday claimed two
more members of the Thirteenth, Pri-
vate Daniel Tubbs. of Company B, and
Private Sylvester Detrick, of Company
f. Both died in the Medico- Chirur-
gcal hospital in Philadelphia, the for
mer during the early morning. the lat
ter at Z o'clock in the evening.
They were among the patients
brought from Dunn Lorirg on the hos
pital train last Thursday night. Pr-
vate Tubbs case was critical at the
time of his removal and little hopes
were entertained of his recovery. 1t
was not until yesterday that the case
Word was received at his home yes
terday afternoon that it was feared he
would die and advising that if his rel
atives wanted to see him alive they
should come at once. His parents, Mr..
and Mrs. A. NJ. Detrick left on an af-
ternoon train that would arrive in
Philadelphia at o'clock. Their son
was dead two hours before they reach
ed the hospital.
Private Tubbs was a resident of Tay-
lor and his remains will be brought
there for burial. He was "a years of
age and had joined the regiment at the
outbreak of the war.
Private Detrick was 20 years of age.
He had been member of Company
| F for two years before the call to the
| front came. He was at Mt. Gretna
only FIVE days when he was sent home
on thirty-day sick leave. Being bent
on getting back to his comrades he
| submitted to q critical surgical opera
tion to remove his Interpretation
When it proved successful he started
back for camp rejoining his regiment
the day it reached Camp Alger. He
was stricken with the fever three
weeks ago.
1t was not known at the family home
corner of Chestnut avenue and Rob-
inson street, last night, whether or not
the remains would he brought home
no word having been received from the
unfortunate boys parents relative tc
this matter.
He is the first member of Company f
to die in the service.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1898-08-31
LIVING ABROAD.
How It Happens That Americans Re-
port It to Be Cheap.
From Going Abroad.

L rum NIolnS AbIOdu'
If man tells YOU living is cheaper
in Europe than America, ask him to
proof his statement, doubtless true,
that he has spent less in a year abroad
than in year at home. Make him go
into details. If he kept house, did he
have a bathroom, with hot and cold
water? Was there a range in the
kitchen? Was the house heated by hot
air, hot water or steam? If it was an
apartment house, did it have an ele-
vator? Were there set tubs in the
laundry.
Ten to one YOU will force him to con-
fess that in these details and others he
did not have in Europe the conven-
fences he thinks he can not live with
out in America. Try him on the mat
ter of food, and he will admit that,
taking an average of all the raw ma
terials he has bought, the European
cost has not differed much from the
American. Ask him about clothing.
and at last he will smile triumphantly,
and tell you how chcaply he bought a
suit in London or gloves in Naples;
but do you demand, How did they
wear, and how did they fit?" Then he
will evade again.
The assertion that living abroad is
cheaper than here Is a half truth. de =
ceptive and dangerous. Undoubtedly,
most Americans who go abroad live
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1898-08-31
A BLESSING IN DISGUISE.
The New Zealand Rabbit in a New
Role.

From the st. Louis Democrat
A ne phase has been given to the
rabbit scourge in New Zealand by the
success which has attended the ex-
pertinent of freezing the rabbits and
exporting them. 1t would appear that
out of what has hitherto been an ap-
parently irremediable curse an import
ant Industry may be devolved. One
exporter is said to be in the receipt of
between $4,000 and 10000 rabbits per
day, and is paying to trappers and in
wages between $4,000 and $1,000 per
week. He has 1900 traps out, giving
employment to about 500 trappers. His
export of rabbits last year was about
100000, and this year he will increase
1t to 100000. The scale on which this
enterprising exporter in laying out his
plans Is further seen In the fact that
he works up into boxes, in which the
frozen rabbits are shipped, about eight
truCkloads of timber a week. and he
pays over $1,000 a month for freight
1t Is estimated that this seasons ex-
portation of rabbits will run to be-
tween 100000 and 5000 900. This, at
the low price of six cents per rabbit,
will bring in more than 100000 to the
| trappers, and the total amount receiv-
| ed in the colony, as the proceeds of the
| rabbit export industry for this season,
| will be, at a moderate calculation,
| 500, 0O0
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1898-08-31
COLD TEA FOR SOLDIERS.
Very Beneficial on Long Marches
and Might Well Be Tried in Cuba.

From the Medical Rt cord
The late Mr.. Ernest Hart was a
strong advocate of what he termed the
doctrine of the tea Kettle and many
distinguished Indian commanders have
testified in favor of tea for quenching
soldiers thirst when on a long march
in equatorial lands. The men under
the leadership of Sir Herbert Kitchener
during the recent campaign in the Sou
dan were allowed no alcoholic stimu-
lants, whatever, but performed their
long journey through the desert, end
ing with victory at Albara, on cold
tea.
The Scientific American of May 2 has
an article lauding the refreshing quail
tiles of cold tea, in which it says that
"one of the most eflicacious ways of
quenching thirst, when there is a
strong pressure for uninterrupted act
ion on the part of the soldier. is to fill
his canteen with tea. OF course this
would be made from boiled water, and
the addition of a few drops of lemon
Juice would increase it's power of eX-
citing the salivar glands to greater
activity and it is an eXpedient often
resorted to when it is desirable that
the least possible amount of liquid
should be ingested.
THE use of tea is still further ap-
proved by the testimony of experience.
Sir John Hall says: "In the Katfir war
GSS2) a march was made by 200 men,
in which 1000 miles We're covered in
seventy-one days, or at the rate of
fifteen miles day, without wines, spir-
its or beer. Officers in India, when
marches were made through malarious
regions. had an opportunity to test the
virtue of tea. Lord Wolseley urges its
use, and the experience of the Canada
lumbermen confirms it's value. They
spend the winter in the backwoodS
in the hardest sort of labor, and are
exposed to freezing temperatures
While no spirits are allowed. they have
an unlimited supply of tea"
The fact has been conclusively proved
| that, when men are undergoing severe
| alcohol in any form is not only unne-
| cessary but is absolutely injurious. Tea
| infused in boiling water is certainly
more palatable than insipid hoilng
water. as well as being practically
| harmless. Therefore there would seen
to be no reason why our army in Cuba
| should not follow the example of Their
British brothers in armies in India anC
Egypt. and march and fight invigor.
ated by cold tea.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1898-08-31

prize won by Mr.. softley, the Chicago
Intcr-Ocean said:
"'One of the features of the exhibi-
tlon is contest for prize offered by
liarmans Journal of Window Dress
ing for the best trimmed show win
dow Entries i'm the contest are repre-
sented by photographs showing the
work of the trimmers. The photo
graphs have been sent from all over
the world. II. Orr Wilson, of Pretoria,
Transvaal, South Africa, shows pho
tograph of a shoe display in the town
in which he resides. Edward Kidd is
represented by photograph of a win
dow he trimmed in Limerick, Ireland.
There are also exhibits from Ottawa
and Toronto, Canada, and other out
side cities. e. w. Softley shows a pho
tograph of a peacock wrought in hero
ic facsimile out of towels and napkins.
Mr.. Softley is a Des Moines UowO
man."