davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

with n corporation. AZ II provided In the
pending bill. This 10 wholly new
question and IA one upon which conatl.
tutionnl lawyers win probably disagree.
Whether the Nicaragua bin fhali be
passed or not. the Panama canal com.
pany Intends TO complete ita canal years
before the rival canal eau be finished
and thus secure all the ttnfnc between
the two oceans by the establishment u
steamship lines between tho principal
American ana European ports and tho
ports Of the western coast of North
and South America and those NJ Aus
tralia ana the Sandwich Islands. The
friends % both canals admit that tho
one which n FIRST completed viii secure
the business ana hold most Of A.
In regard 20 national control over an
Isthminn canal, the general opinion Is
that such "a canal would speedily be
neutrslized by "a treaty between an the
great commercial nations ~ the world.
ns has been done with the suot canal
and that the Ownership ~ "a canal by
/ the United States would not. therefore
| give this government any rights not
| shared hv other nations. Great Britain
, has controlling Interest iu tho stock
/ Of the Rucz canal. but hna only he
same privllcgoa in ~ uss that are pos.
aeased BY other countries
ALBERT ). TUCKER.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19
SCENES ALONG THE ROUTES OF THE RIVAL NTERocEAc CANALS

Superior with Lake Huron. They viii
each be $50 feet long. 40 feet wide nud
30 feet deep. The three on the Atlantic
Side viii have ne amounting In nll to
ioG feet Lock No. I. which viii be
nearest the ocean, Will have a ne 81 a
tecti 40, 2, 90 feet, and No. 3, a. feet.
The INST lock viii be situated about 10
miles from San Juan del Norte tGroy-
town..
The complete locknEe Of 5000 ton
steamer viii take about 20 minutes, aud
u II estimated that IL will take about
% hours 10 pass vessel from one
coast TO the other
The tests made by the engineers OF
the soil along the proposed route OF the
canal show 10 10 be Of a superior quality
ana easy 10 work II can be excavated
easily ana will hold lis position along
the banks, n IL not like the sandy
sides OF the Suez canal. which are con-
utantly giving awny'dnd making 10 nee
essnry 90 keep dredging machines at
work In the channel
Most OF the dredging win be COM
pnratively easy, The greatest dinloul-
ties win be In constructing the dams
and locks and cutting through the
rocky hills. The engineers, however,
who have studied the country and made
the surveys state that the work can be
done within tho eitimated amount u
money. The estimates, however, diner
very materially and range from about
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19
THE NICARAGUA ROUTE.

During the past century surveys have
been made and plans submitted for the
construction Of o. canal across the mar
row strip which connects North and
South America and separates the At
iantlc from the Pacific ocean u mas
been the hope " all the maritime ma
lions since the dino OF Columbus d'H-
covcry 20 shorten the distance around
the world. but Il was not until In the
early eighties " the present century
that work ~ any Kind was done and
that was by the granting Of a conccs-
sion flr the construction Of n canal
across that part Of Central America
which separates Nicaragua from Costa
Rica. The grant was made By the Nj
cnfnruan government 90 the Maritime
Canal company N Nicaragua. Although
the matter ~ building the canal has
been one OF the important things that
have been brought before the people OF
the United states from time 20 time.
ihe true benefit N short route 10 our
Pacific coast from the Atlantic was not
fully appreciated until the war between
the United states ana Spain had teen
declared and the hnttlcship Oregon
made her long ou1 famous voyage from
San Francisco TO key West via the
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

Within a short time experiments will
be made over wires OF the pennsvl-
vanla railroad which will In all pro5a.
blllty rcvolutionize the methods OF send q.
ing and receiving tolcgraphlc messages
IN this country. The experiments will
be made with the wonderful multlplcx
device Invented by Professor Henry A.
Rowland OF the Johns Hopkins univor.
s'ty' several successful experiments
with which have already been made IN
the physical laboratory at the instltu.
ton.
BY means Of this invention II Is pos.
Hlble TO send eight telographio messages
over the same wire at the same time
four In each direction. The messagoi
are sent over a keyboard similar TO thai
OF a typewriter. which Is at the sending
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

end OF the instrument. while at the
other end IN a small machine which re-
cords the message IN printed form, II
being possible either TO print the mes
sage upon a sheet OF paper or upon a
long tape like that which II used In the
ordinary ticker service.
There u no longer any question OF
the value and thorough utility OF the
machine" said Professor Rowland.
and many experienced photographers
Who have seen IL work pronounce IL alb
anluiely perfect An ordinary type
writer operator can send messages at
TIE rate OF 20 words a minute, while at
the same time seven other messages are
g1lng over the wire, each separate and
distinct from the others.
u wanted TO try the message over a
very long wire. but could not make sat
fiactury arrangements with the West
ern Union Telegraph company for the
use u their plant. However the Penn
aylNunia railroad has placed Its private
wires az our disposal. AZ frst planned
70 mako the experiments upon a wire
from Plttsburg 10 Philadelphia, but
these wires are kept busy during tue
DAY. ana I found that the only time
could use them would be at night or
upon a holiday. 80 we have decided
upon n wire between Jersey CITY ana
Philadelphia for the first trial ana art
~ that n we want TO, We can wy ION
scr wire by using "A system OF loops
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19
TIL RIVAL ISTE4TNHAN CANALS.

sci. 900. 900 TO si,o.oOO.oo0 The estimated
cost Of completing the canal according
TO chief Engineer Mcnocal who MADE
the first survey over the accepted
route. was t62.ce7. si0s5. with ada tiohh
amounts FOR cmrtgcnclcs oi AlAvle'-
$685.. making n total of t65.osil'o' lhe
statement made 10 the select commit e
OF the United states senate by the
members OF the commission appointed
by President Mckinley. OF which Adnl-
raj walker was tho head. woe that the
cost of the canal would D. between
800. 900. 600 nnd tiioO'lo0o They have
agreed that the Nicaragua route has
decided advantages over the Panama
route.
The concession granted the Maritime
Canal company will expire IN october.
1909. but the contract carries clause
allowing the time 10 be extended. Thoro
has been little or no actual work on the
canal proper. Most oi che money ex-
pended has been for The erection Of
houses. tho equipment of a railroad
along part of the route and the con-
structlon " a brcntwater nc Groytown
which has opened the old harbor Of San
Juan del Norto.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

strait Of Magellan. This alone has
clearly demonstrated the need Of a
shorter water route between the Allan
tic ana tho Pacific.
The success of the suog canal led NJ
de LrfFUIH, who was the chief agent
IN tho construction OF that work. 60
sock 10 complete tho channel OF navi-
CATION around che world by a waterway
az Panama, Tho scheme contemplated
the dIgrlng 0f IL canal from sea TO sea,
partly no the level ~ the tide water and
partly below No. The work thus far has
been 10 failure. nud the plan n believed
hy mBuY experts TO be- impfnct'cnhlr.
The NIcufa uia route. though burden q
with the delays of locknEe, II now con-
coded 10 BE- more practical lar less
costly and more useful than the one NJ
Panama. Besides II viii accomplish
the Iame object.
Although many casual surveys had
been mnde both through Panama and
the proposed Nicaragua route. the FIRST
complete instrumental survey was
mnde In 1910 Since then aud M dlf-
feront periods. extending up Co last
year. surveys have hcou made both Tor
the government ana private parties.
The route now accepted as the one
through which II H. proposed 20 con-
atruct the canal IA hy way NJ the san
Juan river from san Juan del Norte on
the Caribbean coast, 10 San Carlos. on
Lake Nicaragua. and from tho western
part oi the lake 20 Brito on the Pacific
coast The line ~ the proposed canal
Is IN the boundary which formerly sep-
arated Nicaragua from Costa RicR The
. length NJ the canal win be 1884, miles.
NJ which ii2a miles win be- through the
lake ana river. ana the remaining 2GH
miles VIII have To be- eXcnvuted. The
Lake ot Nicaragua Ia Que VI the most re-
/ mprluhle physical features In the world.
IL fills IA cavity La the rpIHrt ,f q, tr,t.,,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

II Is eatlmated that the total number
OF telephone subscribers NJ tho whole
world amounts 10 about 100000. The
United states stands ut tho top with
100000. Thrn follow Germany. with
10000 Subscribers England. with co.
0oO' switzerland, with 5000. France.
with $4,000, Austr.a-llungnry, with ao.-
oooi the vast Russian empire. with only
5000 Scandinavia, 10000; Denmark,
Win ian''i Italy $4,000, Holland ana
spain. rlyh l.o0o. Belgium, 1900. ia
pan. 2. .ll Portugal LuNembourg. Aus
trol'l each 2o0n' Roumnnin, 400. Iul-
rarin. .0l IL viii he seen that thorr ID
sim plenty or room Tor extension. There
are many countries where the telephone
Is still quite unknown
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

gold are said 10 be on an average larger
than those OF any other part OF the
world, All efforts 20 obtain anything
like correct information regarding the
output OF gold In Siberia have 20 far
proved unayaillng. Ho one outside OF q
few Russian ofiolals is permitted 10
know.
A friend says that Cecil Rhodes has
never been known TO be late for an ap-
polntment As a boy he always lived
"by time" being In the habit OF con-
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

1000 persons, including G chamberlalns.
300 cAtra honorary, 40 prlvy and
lao Huprrnumernry chnmberlninH, 60
gunrdsmrn, 30 officers Of tho noble and
~ of the Swiss and palace guards. 7
honorary chaplalns. 100 house prelates,
20 private secretaries and as many
Wallets, 10 stewards and masters OF
horse ana so doorkeepors.
There are now about 10000 miners at
WORK In The gold mines OF eastern and
southern siberia. The grains OF Siberian
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

tnually consulting a watch. which was
hla most cherished posse ssion. Mr.
Rhodes keeps a diary-or used 10 keep
written IN an Intricate cipher
known only 10 himself
There rs such a variety OF climate In
Costa Rica that one can have any.
Thing he likcs by going few mllrs
north or south from given point
The sudden changes OF climate en-
eounterod BY soldiers whom troops ore
moved from one quarter of the world 10
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

ranai. II appears from the reports Of
Tho engineers that fully two.nftha OF
The entire work has already been done.
The canal can unquohtionnbiy be COM
pleted In much less time than will be
required 10 build tho Nicaragua canal.
The Panama canal In only 40 miles long,
while tho Nicaragua canal has n length
OF ia miles, about two thirds Of which
IL In the channel OF the San Juan river
and In Lake Nicaragua. The actual
amount Of canal excavation 10 be done
upon tho Nicaragua route IL greater
than upon the Panama. and the canal
proper win be- n fow miles longer. Tho
engineering problems are more serious
on tho Nicaragua canal than on that %
Panama. on the former there are two
dividing ranges Of hills or low noun
tainh TO be cut through. whereas there
10 only one on the latter. There are
also tho special difficulties OF erecting
an enormous dam across tho San Juan
river, blasting out rocks IN the rapids
OF that stream and Of dredging In tho
shallow places IN Lake Nicaragua. The
Panama canal has good port NJ each
or It's termlni, at Colon on the Atlantic
aide ana at La nOca. near Panama. on
the Pacific side. The Nicaragua canal
has no port at either end. ana millions
OF dollars must be spent IN constructing
artificial harbora before shipping cnl.
make any use OF the canal
The latest estimate ~ tho cost OF tho
Nicaragua canal N 800 900. 900. but anms
engineers who have surveyed the line
place the figure Ms hlgh aa ti3t 900 0oo
and others believe that before tho canal
II finished and the two artificial har,
born constructed FOR II at least 5000. OOo.'
900 viii have 20 be spent.
The Panama people say that their e.,
Inmates have been made 90 meet the ~,
quirementa ~ p company that has pro
oeeded upon business principles 90 bullt
a canal ns n commercial enterprise
while the estimates for tho Nicaragua
canal have been placed az a low neur,
In order 10 induce congress 20 pnss
bill authorizing the issue N bonds 4,
pay the expenses of the work Innocu
racy In tho Panama estimates would
they sny, be regarded as very serloui
matter by the company whereas un
derestlmutea Tor the Nicaragua cana
would be- overlooked after the Unite,
States government had been fully com
United 10 the enterprise. and congress
would be- rolled upon 90 vote whatrvc
additional money or credit might be- re-
quirei for finishing the undertaklng
The French gentlemen say further tina
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

theaters OF Germany last year b.'t "a
alone had 100. The favorl'e hes' ,iysn
have been "Othello." which was H''
in the various citlea i15 times any
spain has more sunshine tnap AZ.
other country IN Europe, the yeH'"
ernge being 5000 hours ,.r the
THE great gold mine located une.' 10
town on Ballarat. Australia, repu,,..u,,sd
he Inc richest IA the world has vas
$40 boo. 900 worth OF gold since "
opened " years ago.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

quo. This company. OF course. declare.
mat u win insist upon its right to an
extension na provided for In the origl.
nal concession.
THOMAS II. JAMESON.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

The company which now holds the
concession Ia anxious 20 socuie the
United states governments aid ana 10
control the canal by appointing the lar.
ger number OF directors 20 the govern
inE board. What win be- done Ia this
matter is yet 20 be determined.
Since the term Of the original grant 10
the company win expire next year an.
other syndicate, headed by william r.
Grace, has received grant from the
Nlcarasunn government 20 construct "a
canal In that country, Just wh,re this
canal 'a no Doe constructed has not been
made public, II Is known. however
thar the snnt 10 the new company iH %
begin when the other ends. The com.
pany holding the rights now Il waiting
lor some action by congress. ana until
that time matters viii remain In statu
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-11-19

ERE has the relative merits the Panama
| herewith given
each mparidy weighed by the readers
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-20

told the visitor that, when he was setting out
with Jefferson and Lee to attend the first ses-
sion OF the Continental Congress. his anxiety
over the crisis was increased by the fact that n
number OF the plain people In his %neighbor-
hood waited on him and said: You assert
that there Is n fixed intention to invade our
rights and privileges; we own that we do not
see this clearly, but since you assure us that It
Is so, we believe the fact" We are eau
toned not to imagine that such difidence on
the part OF tho plain people implied any sub
serviency Of disposition. 1t was a necessary
consequence Of the fact that agencies for the
creation OF an intelligent public opinion we're
not yot In existence. There were only thirty
seven newspapers in the entire country in
1775. and they had no regular sources OF intel
ligence. Leading men in different localities
kept ono another informed Of political move
ments by correspondence. The political con-
ditions were such that, as a rule. only those In
social relations with the governing class, thatis.
say, the gentry. were in a position TO obtain the
information. and arrange the concert of action
necessary to the execution Of political designs.
Democratic activities might give the revolu-
tionary movement explosive violence in Bos-
ton and cause ferments In other centres Of pop
ulation which fastened the progress OF events
toward independence: but the urban popula-
tion was small, not one-thirticth OF the whole.
There were but four cities in the country with
over 10000 inhabitants. TIL chief city was
Philadelphia. with n population of but ~. 900.
One-ffth OF the total population OF the country
was embraced within the bounds Of Virginia. Il
colony which had no large towns. 1t is mani
fest that the mass OF the people were outside
the area OF democratic influence.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-20

facture OF alcohol. The attempts made at
growing wheat In the equatorial province have
not met with good results, but the rice sown
by Emin turned out very well. Sugarcane Is
frequently met with In Uganda. II was grown
by Emin at all his stations, and It was observed
that. with ample irrigation, strong and very
juicy canes were obtainablo. A kind OF cotton
occurs In some localities IL has long and fine
nbres. and. while Emln was Governor. a good
deal OF homemade cotton cloth was pro-
duced. Deserving OF especial mention are the
tobaccos OF Unyoro. Cofee. too. exists in
abundance In Uganda, and its cultivation. Is
recommended In all the hilly parts otthe equa-
torinl province. NutmeRs are plentlfully found
in the south. more especially In Monbuttu.
or vegetable oils and fats. the possible
production 10 illlmitable. As regards the india
rubber plant. II Ia encountered almost every
where. from 20 OF northern latitude towards
tho south; the tops OF hills are covered with
forests OF II. ~Innumerable. truly, are the treas
ures OF the vegetable Kingdom in the edua-
torial region. On the other hand. the only
mineral product thus far discovered Is iron,
which exists everywhere In abundance. and OF
good quality. 1t lie wrought or cast in the
country itself. and is an article Of commerce
greatly In demand, more especially in the north
ern and western parts. where ~coarsely wrought
arrow and spear heads take the place Of coin,
and. like oxen, are available to buy q wife with.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-20


No student Of our constitutional and political
history can afford to overlook the book entitled
The Rise and Grotcth Of american Politics. by
HENRY JONES FORD Macmillansl The pur-
pose Of this work is to tell the story OF our
politics so rs to explain their nature and inter-
pref their characteristics. Tho authors aim Is
TO give an explanation of causes rather than n
narrative Of events. so that the reader may
understand the actual system OF government
under which We live. Holding that our politics
do not become Ineligible until they are viewed
as nm ofrshoot from English politics. or until. in
other words. the growth Of the variety is
studied with regard to the character
istics OF the stock. Mr.. Ford begins
with a chapter on colonial methods. after
which he defines the political ideas Of the
authors Of our Revolution. and then describes
the conservative reaction which followed the
peace OF 1888 and eliminated In the adoption
Of our Federal Constitution. This primary
part of the essay ends with n chapter on the
extent to which class rule prevailed in the
United States during the closing years OF the
last and tho early years OF the present century.
Then ensues an interesting review Of the cir.
cumstances under which political parties were
evolved and the ruling class was itself divided.
comments on the establishment OF the ma
chine" on the Matchmaking influence Of party,
on the convention system and on the con-
ditlons Of party organization. subsistence and
efficiency.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-20

Emtn Pnsha.

The FashodS incident and the stu pending
controversy rsRardinE the Valley OF the Bahr-
el-GhaEal have reaWakened interest In the OK
tsnslvs regions OF Central Africa, which. be-
fore the rise Of Mahdism. we're controlled by
tho Khediye Of Egypt. Full and Trustworthy
Information concerning these important terri
tories 10 now accessible in the two volumes
collectively entitled Entn Pdsha, by GEoRGE
S~cBwErTzEB tHAdley a MatthewsL The author
Of this book 10 Emin Pashahs executor and the
guardian OF his daughter; he has founded this
sketch on numerous letters addressed BY the
subject from the centre OF Africa TO his friends
In various countries. and on his diaries, which
comprise some nineteen volumes. and consti-
tute an almost lnexhaustible store OF val
uable records. In his selections from these
materials and In his comments thereon. tho
biographer has had the expert assistance OF
Or schweinfurth, one Of the highest authori-
ties on Central African questions. The aim OF
the work IL TO perpetuate the memory Of a
German explorer and administrator who. al
though his acts were not always free from hui
weakness, IL. upon the whole. q memoir
able example OF unselnsh devotion to the high
est interests OF mankind. The usefulness OF
these volumes is enhanced by an Introduction
from the pen OF DR.. r. W. Felkin. who writes
from frst-hand knowledge Of Egypts edua-
tortal provinces. having been an eyewitness OF
some OF the events discussed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-20
".

That the trainers OF the Constitution made
no intentional provision for the control OF the
Government by public opinion is not in the
least surprising. for public opinion. IN the
modern sense Of the word. Is n very recent
thing. II IL true that the first amendment TO
the Constitution prohibited the making of any
laws "%abridging the freedom OF speech or OF
the press" As late. however. as 1920. Sir
Robert Peel spoke c~ontemptuously of that
great compound Of folly, weakness. prejudice.
wrong feeling, right feeling. obstinacy and
newspaper paragraphs which is called public
opinion" Mr.. Ford suggests that If the dclni-
tton had been attempted in tho United States
In lIS1. public opinion would have been de-
scribcd as nristorratic greed. knayery
and intrigue. compounded with popular
stupidity and mob ciamor. Who, then.
could have dreamed Of the series OF
inventions which have transformed the
world? Mr. Ford sass truly that 1.-THE
elaborate networks Of railroads and trlegrupbs.
the products Of a social activity which has,
meanwhile. been making corresponding gains
in public education and popular intelligence.
should lie looked upon as nerve IIInmrnts of
the body polite. giving IL an organization and
n srnsltlvenesS mat constitute Il new being
previously unknown. In the eighteenth cen
fury The possibility OF such Il phenomenon was
unthinkablc, The humln animal, alone or In
the herd. was about the same as he always had
been ana sucli iIs lie seemed always likely to
b.. Political characteristics were much the
same as they had been when Aristotle SURVEYED
party struggle, IN the Grccian states. or when
Cicero analyI"d the faction %strifcs OF Rome.
Modern civilization itself seemed 10 be n
barbarian cnrampin"nI amid tho ruins OF
TIE ancient world. the memorials Of whose
grandeur were melancholy portents. Glib
bon. whose history belongs 10 this pc