The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1898-12-23
OZONE. AND ITS MANY USES.

SSA'~ iSNNASS oi1N An -
be without it. Ozone, has been known
for nearly fifty years as n Of the
marvellous constituents of the air, but
it is only recently that scientists have
learned its magical uses for practical
industrial purposes. Now they offer it
for the bleaching of fabrics, yarns, wax
and fats; sterilizing drinking water;
drying and thickening oils; maturing
wines and spirits; sweetening foul beer
barrels; seasoning linoleum; aging
wood for musical Instruments; manu-
featuring artificial perfumes; treating
spent oil; purifying starch and dex-
trine; manufacturing vinegar, and a
Escore of other similar urposes In
the treatment Of disease it is most ef-
ficacious. Excellent results have been
obtained in the treatment of anaemia,
w%hooping cough, malaria, tuberculo-
sis, wounds, and it is used for purify
ing hospital wards. Many other eNam-
pies of the usefulness of ozone might
be cited, but the. foregoing important
ones will show he wonderful diversity
and the consequent. extent of the field
awaiting this substance. Experiments
show that many puzzling phenomena
have owed their being to the presence
in the atmosphere of large quantities
of ozone. 1t follows that in any in
dustrial process in which air is a
q~uickening factor, ozone will find ready
use, because, to put it popularity, 1T
is a species Of concentrated air. Until
lately a test of the matter Of its great
usefulness was not possible, because
ozone could not be made in very large
quantities.
Andreoli, Otto, Yarnold, Siemens end
Halske. all nave produced ozone ap-
paratus, but Andreoli is the acknowl-
edged high priest of the craft. He is a
Londoner, and his researches on the
subject of ozone have been followed
with interest by European savants. j.
B. C. Kershaw is another E~nglishman
who has given much study to the
theory and practice of ozone prod &c
ton. OF course, it is the ability to pro-
duce the substance in large quantities
that gives value to it. It's presence in
the neighborhood Of electrical dis
charges was known very long ago. Van
Marum called it the "smell of cleo
tricity." It's formula is the same as
for oxygen, but in considering it thus
it must be regarded in the same rela-
ton as the diamond bears to a lump of
coal-both are carbon. If a quantity
of ozone is placed for consideration be-
side an equal quantity of oxygen, it
will be found that the mass of ozone
contains one-third more Of oxygen
than the other. Electrical discharges
in the atmosphere produce it readily.
It's pungent odor can be noticed around
the poles Of a static machine when the
glass plates are revolving. Produced
in this way it escapes or rather reverts
to it's original form in the atmosphere.
But it may be confined easily. For in
stance, if the two poles of an electric
machine were to be continued by means
of wires through the sides of a large
glass tube, so that the sparks would be
generated inside the tube, the air
flowing in one end of the tube would
be ozonized and ozone would flow from
AK LII SA1u " LIN S"SS NA >oi'A
mercial ozonizers are built on this prin-
ciple. Condensers are used to gen.
crate ozone within a chamber. Air is
kept flowing through this chamber at
a rapid rate. 1t goes in n side Of
the apparatus as air; it comes out the
other side as ozone. The ozone is not
allowed to escape, but is confined in
iS~o1;o1 ~orfoh 1o ~ minors nr IN norm
nent chambers when it is intended to
be used on the premises.
Ozone is merely electrified air, and
any apparatus will produce it which
will very rapidly charge a heavy flow
Of air. The endeavor in all the appar-
atus now in use is to multiply this cleo
trolizing effect. Andreoli's ozonizer is
an odd appearing affair. Clamped
within a frame is a series of aluminium
and glass plates standing On edge.
First there is a fiat aluminium plate
then a plate composed Of a great num-
Der Of aluminium wires stretched across
a fiat wooden frame; next another glass
plate; then another fat aluminium
plate, and SO o. Indefinitely, or until
the "unit" or ozonizer is made up. The
glass plates are intended insulators be-
tween the two kinds of aluminium
plates. The latter are charged with a
heavy alternating current. The whole
apparatus is confined within a cham
Der. Air is pumped rapidly through
this chamber. The alternating current
in e~ndeavoring to flow between the
two kinds of aluminium plates electrif1es