davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
COMMERCIAL WORLD.
SUMMARY OF THE MARKET.

Silver firmer.
Wheat, Barley and Oats advanced again.
Corn and Rye unchanged.
Hay rules firm.
Bayo Beans declined again.
Potatoes and Onions about the same.
Eggs advanced again.
Butter and Cheese steady.
Two cars OF Eastern Poultry in.
Fresh Fruits steady and Grapes better.
Dried Fruits show no further change.
Prices for new Almonds established.
Provisions quiet.
Hops firm. Hides and Wool dull.
Hogs show more frmness.
Merchandise quotations unaltered.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
HIDES. TALLow. WOOL AND HOPS

Hops are firm at the improvement already
noted. Wool is still dead in the shell. Hides
are quiet and unchanged.
HIDES AND SKINS-Culs and brands sell
about lie under the quotations. Heavy sailed
steers, 10c: medium, &c; light SIC; Cow
hides, Slsds1sc; Stays, &c; sailed Kip, &c; Calf,
SC; dry Hides, sound, 15@151zc; culls and brands,
12913c; dry Kip and Veal, loo; dry Calf, 17@1sc;
Sheepskins, shearlings 15@25c each; short
wool, 300p4Oc each; medium, 60QS0c; long wool.
e0c6s1 10 each: Horsehides, salt, 81 rs for
large and s1Q1 Is for small; Colts, Soc Horse
hides dry 81 soa1 rs for large and s. for small
No. 2, 25kG2%c: refined, 4,ad4Ec; Grease, &c.
WooEFall clip, Southern Mountain, 7q1oc;
free Northern, 9@12c. Spring clip-Southern
Mountain IL months, 9@1lc: San joaquin and
Southern. months, s@10c; Foothill and
Northern, free. 12gl4c: Foothill and Northern,
defective 1o012c; Middle County, 13ql6c; Hum
Eastern oregon. 1O@12c: Valley Oregon. 15917c.
HOPS-1s9S crop, 11d13lsc: 1897 crop. nominal.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
FLOUR AND MILLsTUFFs.

FLOUR-Family extras, "a 1904 rs; bakers
extras, 81 0o94 Is per Dbl
MILLSTUFFS-Prices in sacks fol-
lows, usual discount to the trade: Graham
Flour So % per 100 lbs; Rye Flour 50 10 per 100;
Rice Flour. 81: Cornmeal. So 50; extra cream
Cornmeal, So U.s. Oatmeal. "a rs; Dat Greats,
s. so; Horniny, 50 259S 50; Buckwheat Flour, a
Whole Wheat Flour. So so; Rolled Oats Oar
rels) IS s5@6 %; in sacks. s. 6596 o5 Pearl Bar
ley, So; Split Peas 81 rs; Green Peas, "a 80 per
lf,a
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
LUMBER. ETC.

PosTS-lo912c each for No. and case for
No. g.
LUMBER-Retail prices as follows: Pine
ordinary sizes. SIS 50g1s: extra sizes. higher.
Redwood. $15@1S for No. and s13015 for No. 2:
Lath feet. 81 1922 rs; Pickets. s15 Shingles.
81 80 for common and 81 so for fancy: Shakes,
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
BEANS AND SEEDS.

New Bayos are coming in freely and are
lower, as will be seen by the quotations. The
other descriptions are unchanged.
BEANS-Bayos. 81; Small Whites $2@2 15;
Large Whites. 81 75@1 go; Pinks. 81 3OQ2 40;
Reds, nominal BIackeye, So 1903 25 Buffers,
nominal; Limas. So %; Pea. 81 90Q2 10; Red
Kidneys, 50 50d2 70 per ctl.
Yellow Mustard, s4@4 1871: Flax, nominal, s2@5
10; Canary Seed, 2hI2Hc per lb Alfalfa.
from Utah. &c: Rape, 2A@3&c; Hemp. 2%@3c;
DRIED PEAs-Niles. 4 so; Green. 81 1902 Is
per ctl.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
EXPORTS OF WHEAT AND FLOUR.

Exports Of Flour from this port during the
first eight months of the year were 545 S42 bbls.
against $3.50 during the same time in 1897.
Reducing this Flour to Wheat basis and add
ing it to the exported Wheat gives total Wheat
exports for the time named OF 5,049, 225 ctls,
valued at S435.5OO, against 5.4S3, 700 ctls at
S. 126. 900 In 1897.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
LONDON WOOL SALES.

LONDON. Sept. 20.-The fifth series Of the
wool eales opened to-day with a full attend
ance of buyers, including number of Ameri-
cans representatives. The catalogues offered
were of a miscellaneous assortment, and con-
sisted of $50 bales. A medium selection OF
cross breds predominated In all sections ex-
cepting American buyers. New clip greasy,
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21

creamery-.Fancy creameries. 2s@27c; seconds.
24d25c
Dairy-Choice to fancy. 21@24c: common
grades, 1714620c.
Picked Goods 'rllin, 1ses2oc: picked roll,
21@H1sc; creamery tub 21@221sc.
Eastern Butter-Ladle packed, 1611s1kc per
Id; Elgin. 22@22Ikc.
CHEEsE-Choice mild new, 1o911c; old. sk@
sa1c: Cream Cheddar. 106111c; Young America,
10H@111sc: Eastern 12@l13c..
EGGS-Ranch Eggs, 2sd32c per dozen; store
Eggs lsg22c; Eastern, 15Q174c for ordinary
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21

Cash quotations were as follows:
Flour firm; No. spring wheat 6296l- &c ;
No. red, e6c; No. corn, 2sa4 d30ac; No. 2
oats, f. o. b., 2ila122Ac; No. 2 white I. O. b.
2414c;. No white, 231hd24hc; No. 2 rye, 47c;
No. barley, 32G44c; No l faxseed. ss5kc;
Dbl. IS 22l1GS TN; lard per 100 lbs. 81 75a
TN short ribs sides. 0oose) IS 15d5 s5; dry
sides boxed. IS 521sG5 60; whisky, distillers
finished goods. per gallon. 81 rs; sugar, cut
loaf, 6.0Sc; granulated, 5.64c.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
CHICAGO GRAIN MARKET.

CHICAGO, Sept. 20.-A surprise was given
traders in wheat at the outset by the big drop
ping off in receipts in the Northwest. Mime
apolis and Duluth reporting but $50 cars, COM
pared with 1898 yesterday and 1924 year ago.
To add to the natural bullish effect sof these
figures, Liverpool cables were firm and higher
and there was quite a good demand to cover
foreign acceptances. December started with
plenty of buyers at 6211662ssc. against yester-
days closing price of 62Mc, and inside of half
an hour the demand had advanced the price to
eaAc. September, in the meantime. showed
even more strength than the later delivery
opening A@1ac higher at 65Q65Ac, and advanc-
ing to 65ac At 62Ac for December the ad-
vance checked. That price close to
cali figures and quite good deal of selling
by holders of those privileges ensued resulting in
slight reaction. A period of dulness ensued,
with prices varying but little until about noon,
when the Atlantic port clearance figures were
posted showing the surprisingly large total of
977, 900 bushels. of which New York contributed
COG. 900 bushels. AS yesterdays visible supply
statement gave stocks at New York only 1885, 900
bushels. to-day's big shipments were entirely
unlocked for and buying furry ensued imme-
diately, December advancing to SIC and Sep
TENDER to 66l1c with the demand quite gen.
eral. Bradstreet's figures on the worlds visi-
BILE, showing an increase of 3,692,000 bushels
encouraged sellers again and caused prices to
drop a little. December getting back to e2%c,
but near the close the strength shown by out
side markets, especially for the cash article
started buying again and the market from that
time on ruled very firm December was finally
bid to 3ssG631ac and closed at 63ssc 11sc higher
than yesterday. September advanced to 66ssc
and closed at 6Slzc. Inc higher than yesterday.
Corn very slow but strong. the main in
fiuence being the strength of wheat. Cables
firm and foreign houses took good many
scattered lots. Cearances liberal, 3O4 900
bushels. Receipts were S13 cars. September
closed NC higher than yesterday.
Oats were dull. Only a small scalping bust
ness was DONE and prices, until late in the
session. showed scarcely any variation. May
closed at about yesterdays price.
Provisions started weak Hog receipts were
liberal and there were the usual yellow fever
reports. The selling pressure was not heavy
however and moderate buying by packers
caused prices to harden later. December pork
closed 2hc higher; December lard 21hc higher
at 81 77iac; January ribs, 2hc higher.
The leading futures ranged as follows:
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
BUTTER. CHEESE AND EGGS.

Another advance in Eggs Is noted. They are
very firm. Butter and Cheese unchanged.
BUTTER
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21

On the Produce Exchange to-day the Butter
market was steady; Creameries, 10000; dali
RES, llHQl7c. Cheese steady, 7@Shc. Eggs
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
PORTLAND's BUSINESS.
LOCAL MARKETS.

PORTLAND, Sept. 20.-Exchanges, 32S5, EAT;
balances, s37, sO7.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
EXCHANGE AND BULLION.
WHEAT AND OTHER GRAINS.

WHEAT FREIGHTS-Are dull and nominal
at rates last quoted. The chartered wheat feet
In port has a registered tonnage of II, 400,
against So. 500 tons on the same date last year;
disengaged 49, 900 tons. against 46,270: on the
way to this port, 170, 220 tons, against 2lS,27O
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
LONDON MARKET.

NEW YORK. Sept 2O-The Evening Posts
London financial cabegram says: The stock
markets opened steady here to-day, but closed
generally dull on the Unexpectedly large efhux
of gold from the Bank of England Americans
were good at time German orders to
buy Erie, Union Pacific and Northern Pacific
common. The other markets hardened sympa-
thetically. but there was no public support
here and the close was dull in the absence of
New York buying. A small feature is the re-
vival of speculation in nitrate shares.
Spanish tours were firm on Paris buying and
Spanish exchange in London fell sharply TO
SO So, against 4ONSS at the opening of the
month. Upon information from an excellent
quarter the negotiations with the Hongkong
Bank and Chinese Government for railway
loans are proceeding most satisfactorily for
British interests.
Consols were lower on the gold movement
and on the confirmed report that the Bank Of
England is seeking TO get control of the money
If true. Will be most important, but cannot ex-
press definite opinion at the time of cabling.
day makes $4,000, which, the official state
ment shows. included s397, 600 in bar gold and
be going to New York, but l have reason to
believe that portion of the bar gold has gone
to Germany.
Canadian Pacific. ssl4 Grand Trunk. RS. Bar
silver steady, rs 3-16d. Money, Y per cent.
Bar silver closed firm, 2SAd per ounce; bar
gold, 7Ss I'd.
NEW YORK GRAIN AND PRODUCE.
NEW YORK, Sept. 20-FLOUR-Receipts
7131 barrels; exports. 1902 barrels. Firmer on
new spring patents and extra winter wheat
brands.
WHEAT-Receipts, $4,000 bushels; exports,
60594 bushels, Spot strong; No red, 73M6A
+. o. b. aioat spot and to arrive. Options
opened firm and displayed bullish tendency all
day on small spring wheat receipts, heavy
clearances, higher cables. and a big export de-
mand on strong northwestern markets. Light
To
Included No. red September, 7IQ7l1ac; closed
NC December, 81 7-16Q6Slsc.
HOPS-Steady.
WOOL-Dul.
METALS-The metal market continues to
show very little animation but rules gener-
ally steady with prices in some instances
shade higher. Despite the fact that demand
is slack, holders OF lead and spelter were dis
posed. to raise asking rates. At the close the
Metal Exchange called pigiron warrants quiet
Sc IS bid and Sc IS asked
LAKE coPPER-ouiet. sl2 rs bid and sl2 s71s
TIN-ouiet. SIS 121a bid, SIG rs asked.
SPELTER-Quiet but firm 81 S2a bid, 81 S715
LEAD-Quiet but steady, 81 bid. 81 o5 asked
The firm fixing the settling price for leading
miners and shelters at the West quotes lead
CoFFEE-Closed steady. unchanged to 8
centrifugal, nc; molasses, 311c; refined, strong
BUTTER-Receipts. 1891 packages firm;
western creamery. l512a2lc; Elgins, Ac; fac
EGGs-Receipts. Hob packages; firm; west
ern. lie.
NEW YORK, Sept. 2o-California dried fruits
EVAPoRATED APPLEs-Common, firm, at
eqsc; prime, wire tray, SIC; choice, &c;
APRIc6Ts- 11@lac; Moorpark. 12@1sc
PRUNES-Gsc
PEACHES-Unpeeed, 70sc; peeled 12Q15c
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21

Two cars of Eastern came in, and sales were
made at 15c for Turkeys, 50 Is for Ducks. SEQ
so for Hens. Sc so for yoe ing BOOSTERS. IS for
old Roosters s4Q4 so for Fryers and s. so for
Broilers. One of the cars came in too late to
be sold
Local stock was in fair demand. firm and
not materially changed, though young stock
did better.
POULTRY-Live Turkeys, 15@17c for Cob
blers and 13Q15c for Hens; Geese. per pair
u 25q1 SO; Goslings. 81 25@1 80; Ducks. 1898 50
% 9a SOFAS 90 oa
q 4 so: Fryers, s4S4 90; Brothers. 50 50a4 for
large, 1903 so for small: Pigeons. 81 25@1 50
per dozen for young and 81 50@1 IS for old.
GAME-Nominal
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
POTATOES. ONIONS AND VEGETABLES

Potatoes are steady Onions unchanged
Vegetables are in good supply and Tomatoes
are weak
POTATOES40050c in sacks for Early Rose
and 5O665c in sacks and 75c@s1 in boxes for
Burbanks; Salinas Burbanks. 75c@s1 15; Oregon
75c@s1; Sweet Potatoes. 1G1kc per ID for near
by and 11@1Ac for MERGED.
ONIONS-5OQ65c per ctl or yellow. Pickle
Onions, 75c@s1 per ctl.
VEGETABLES-Green Peas. 566c; String
Beans, 2Q3c; Lima Beans. 2A@4c; Bay Squash,
25@35c; Green Peppers. 35@40c for Chile and
s soee Tor Bell Cabbage DOC per cti; Carrots
Pickles. s. 5o9l e5 for No and 75c@sl for No;
crate for Alameda, 75c@s1 for Berkeley; Gar
lie, 2Q2hc per ID; Green okra, 4oa6oc; Dried
Marrowfat Squash, $500 per ton.
EVAPORATED VEGETABLE = Potatoes,
sliced. raw, 12c per lb in lots of Is lbs; sliced
desiccated. 16@1sc granulated. raw l3c;
Onions. 60c; Carrots, old, 13c: new, 1sc; Cab
bage. SOC; Sweet Potatoes, 30c; Turnips Csc;
String Beans, 3Oc; Tomatoes. SOC.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER IL

NOTE-In the above exposition of the tides
the early morning tides are given in the left
hand column and the successive tides OF the
day in the order of occurrence as TO time. The
the day the third time column the third tide
and the last or right hand column gives the
last tide of the day, except when there are but
three tides as sometimes occur. The heights
given are additions to the soundings on the
United States Coast Survey charts, except
and then the number given is subtracted from
the depth given by the charts. The plane OF
reference is the mean of the lower low waters
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
STEAMERS TO SAIL.
ARRIVED.

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
ASSESSMENTS PENDING.
Company. No.

TIME BALL
Branch Photographic Office, U S. N, Mer
chants Exchange, San Francisco. Cal, Sep
tcmber 10, 1898.
The time ball on the tower of the new Ferry
building dropped at exactly to-day
l. e., at noon of the 10th meridian, or at 8
D. m Greenwich mean time.
CHAS. P. WEIGH,
Ensign (retired), U. S. N, in charge
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
STOCK AND BOND EXCHANGE.


TUESDAY. Sept. 30 p. m.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21

so Market-street Railway ................. "a rs
$1,000 Market-st Ry Con Bonds 5s.........114 90
10 Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar.. 2S 50
225 do do Observation-Disclosures. IS 90
so do do ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. rs 121b
80 Pacific Gas Imp Observation-Disclosures. SO 90
45 S Gas Electric Co................ IS so
80 Spring Valley Water...................100 90
$1,000 S p Branch Ry Bonds. ..............119 90
100 Vigorit Powder ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 121k
Street
$50 Market-street Railway ................ "a 75
Afternoon Session
so Hama Plantation Co.................... Is 121s
250 do DO ......................... IS 90
so do do .......................... II S71
10 Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar.. 2S 90
80 l.. p & A Bank. .........................12S so
10 Market-street Railway ............... "a rs
$4,000 Market-st Ry Con Bonds 5s..........114 90
IS Oakland Gas ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 50 90
$1,000 Omnibus Cable Bonds. ................18 so
60 S Gas & Electric Co................ IS so
$4,000 P Branch Ry Bonds. 90
500 Vigorit Powder Observation-Disclosures. 1917
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21
SUN, MOON AND TIDE.

SUN, MOON AND TIDE.
United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
Times and Heights Of High and Low
Waters at Fort Point entrance to San
Francisco Bay Published by official au-
thority of the Superintendent.
NOTE-The high and low waters occur at
the city front (Mission-street WHARF about
twenty-five minutes later than at Fort Point;
the height of tide is the same at both places.
,x,,>-,en.v cEprrNrpu,p ~
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1898-09-21

bage Soc; Sweet Potatoes, 30c; Turnips 25t
String Beans, 30c; Tomatoes. SOC.
POULTRY AND GAME.
Two cars of Eastern came in, and sales wen
CanÌƒon City record. [volume] (CanÌƒon City, Colo.) 1883-192?, 1898-05-05
THE SALOON MoNopoLY.

One of the first acts of the new
city council already gives promise of
being the most unpopular ever passed
by a Canon council. Ordinance No.
172 provides that Under any permit
for drug stores) granted under this
ordinance, no intoxicating. malt,
vinous, mixed or fermented liquor
shall be sold, except for medicinal,
mechanical, sacramental and chemical
purposes, and THEN ONLY UPON A PRE-
scRIPTIoN OF A PHYSICIAN regularly au-
thorized in accordance with the laws
of the state of Colorado, to practice
medicine within said state"
The new administration, not con-
tent with licensing saloons in the city,
by this act seems to show determi-
nation TO force all people to support
their fostered institutions. Under
this act should the schools desire alco-
hol for class experiments it must be
purchased from a licensed saloon, or
pay the extra fee for prescription.
If the church desires wines for the
holy sacrament they must be OBJ
tanned from these dives of iniquity
If dentist or a chemist needs alco-
hol for his business he must go to
saloon. There are many families who
always have some kind of spirits in
the house. To get them now the lady
of the house must either go to the
saloon or put up an extra dollar for
prescription. And this is a law en-
acted by the party which talks so
loudly about personal liberty.
The object of the law is of course
to give the saloons absolute control
of the liquor trade, not only as a
beverage but also for mechanical,
medicinal and sacramental purposes.
One desired result no doubt is to
force people into the habit Of patron
izing saloons. Just what the real re-
suit will be is very hard to tell, but
we dare say it viii hardly strengthen
the party of personal liberty
CanÌƒon City record. [volume] (CanÌƒon City, Colo.) 1883-192?, 1898-05-05
WILD POST OFFICE CATS.
Pets of the Old Federal Building Ne
fu.~ an Leave the site,

Pets of the Old Federal Building No
fuse to Leave the site.
During all the time the old federal
building was being torn down and
since the foundations for the new strue-
ture have been in progress the cats
that made their home in the old build
ing have clung tenaciously to the site,
reports the Chicago Post. They have
become wild as animals in the jungle.
While the old structure was being
taken down they sought refuge in the
coal vaults under the sidewalks. The
foundation contractors have torn down
the vaults, and half dozen of the cats
have their haunts under the piles of
timber and under the temporary offices
inside the inclosure
Building Inspector Canman has made
an effort to redomesticate the cats, but
he has given up the attempt> Two Of
them were placed in his office q week
ago and imprisoned in closet. They
were fed twice day and the door was
LETT partly open TO accus,om them to
the piarc The other day ,he Inspector
thought they had become accustomed
to their surroundings and the closet
door was opened to let them out. They
darted out into the room and leaping
over the top of desk sprang out of an
open window and disappeared under =
pile Of timber.
There were = score or more cats IN
the old building, petted and fed by the
employees. They made themselves at
home in every Office In the building.
Some Of them were taken to the tenn
CanÌƒon City record. [volume] (CanÌƒon City, Colo.) 1883-192?, 1898-05-05
WHEN war u rife
Ant.tnnu,s,sn ntvh /,
JUSTICE AND sunrrs.

Some recent verdicts by Colorado
juries would seem to prove that real
justice comes about as near being
unknown to the present jury system
as is truth to some of the sworn wit
nesses. Not mentioning some Of the
more recent important cases two PEE
culiar examples come to the writer's
mind. One, man was tried on three
accounts, the evidence in all being
identically the same. No sane man
could see how the defendant could be
guilty of one and not all, and yet the
jury returned verdict of guilty of
one count and acquitted him on two.
A later instance is one Of the minor
cases in the present court. The evil
dence was clear and plain. The
judges instruction could not have
been otherwise but for conviction. A
palmer case could not have been made
1t is said except by the plea of guilt,
and yet the jury brought in verdict
for acquittal. Other ranker and more
grave cases of the malpractice in the
art of Justice" might be cited, but
it is hardly necessary.
That such an evil exists no one
doubts. The remedy Is harder to
prove, but we have one. The present
system Of jury Justice ia expensive,
It u uncertain, unsatisfactory, "a
likely to be wrong as right. AT best
u b . gamble pure snd simple. In
CanÌƒon City record. [volume] (CanÌƒon City, Colo.) 1883-192?, 1898-05-05
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

1T is stated that storm-warning sig
mails are now displayed at IS light
houses round the coasts of the United
Kingdom.
when stoning raisins, rub q little
relieve the task OF raisin-seeding of its
sickness and discomfort.
ITO remove black marks from Bur-
mese brass tea trays, cut lemon in
half. and rub the marks briskly with
the cut surface for some minutes, after
wards polishing with clean leather.
The consumption of Spanish wines
in Great Britain decreased from i.o45.-
s31 gallons in 1895 to s.7ls.335 in 1s96,
whereas Tie import of French, German
and Austrian wines showed a corre-
sTord;-g increase.
The material most commonly used
for the cores Of electro-magnets is sof;
iron, on account of its high permea-
bility. Bu; soft Martin steel is often
quite as effective, and is more easily
obtained This stee; may be used
wherever a rapid change OF magnetism
is not essential.
The word temper" as used in steel
manufacture. means the percentage of
carbon which the meta, contains For
instance, in steel of razor temper there
is y. per cent. carbon. saw temper,
1ss per cent. carbon, tool temper. IA.
per cent; ehisel temper, one per cent;
die temper, three-quarters per cent. of
carbon.
The falling of leaf is brought
about by the formation of thin layer
Of vegetable tissue at the point where
the ieai-s;em joins the branch of the
tree. After the leaf ceases to make
starch and sugar for the tree this tissue
begins TO grow, and actually cuts the
leaf. II is therefore not mere break
ing away on account of the wind bend
ing the dried stems, but an automatic
scyering of the member no longer use
frl. The failing of ripe fruit is de-
pendent upon the same process.