davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27
GEORGE CHARTER DEAD.
Passed Away at High Noon Last
Saturday.

Saturday,.
George L. Charter, one Of the old
est, if not the oldest resident of Red
wood county, died at his farm home
one mile south of the central portion
of this city, in the town of Redwood
Falls at twelve o'clock last Saturday
noon. His death was caused by rheum-
atism, from which Mr.. Charter had
been sufferer for nearly eight years
prior to his death, and which kept him
in his bed continually for two months
prior to his demise. Death came
peacefully, the small spark of life left
in the once rugged constitution, going
out without any apparent pain on the
part of the deceased. He was rs years
old at the time of his death.
The funeral services over the re-
mains occurred from the Christian
church, of which the deceased was a
member, at two o'clock Monday after
noon. They we're attended by large
number of friends and acquaintance
of the deceased and of his family. The
services we're conducted by Rev. K.
w. White, who after the usual form
alities in connection with a funeral,
spoke briefly of the career of Mr..
Charter, and of his devotion to the
church. The interment occurred in
the Redwood cemetery.
George L. Charter was born in
Michigan on March ID, 1921. His faith
or and mother had passed into the
great beyond when he reached the age
of six months, and he had none of the
paternal care enjoyed by most child
rem. He was reared on a farm, and
when ID years old his guardians
moved to Stevenson county, Illinois,
and in 1916 he moved to Monroe,
Green county, Wisconsin. 1t was at
Monroe where he first met Miss Su-
san Star, and on June 10th, 1916, the
two were married at that place. Short
ly after the marriage ceremony the
couple moved to Rice Lake, Dodge
county, this State, where they resided
until 1868, when they came by the
prairie schooner route to what was
then called Redwood Falls, and what
was then the home of the red man.
Mr.. Charter, young and full of enthu-
siasm, went to work building a house
on the lots where the Presbyterian
church now stands, aud it was the sew
enth house constructed IN Redwood
Falls. He entertained, and was enter
tanned by, the few white settlers that
lived here during the few years fol-
lowing, and as each new family ap-
peared Mr.. Charter was among the
first to extend the glad hand of vel
come. He lived in the house he built
in this city with his own hands, for two
years, after which he moved on to the
farm adjoining the city limits, where he
passed away leaving wife and six
children, four girls and two boys.
MIR. Charter experienced the hard.
ships of the early settler. He passed
through the grasshopper period, and
as each recurring harvest brought
forth poor crop, with the steel noted
in so many of the early settlers, he al
ways came up smiling. In later years
he gave his attention to the rearing o1
draft horses, and he always walked of
with first honors at the county fairs
where he exhibited his animals. He
was quaint in his manner. always hac
smile for passers-by, and his laugh
was jovial.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27
Notice..

All persons indebted to the Estate of
w. D. Finn are requested to call at
Bank of Redwood Falls and settle
same. MARY L. FILM,
Administrative.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27

WANTED AGENTS to sell our Printing
~ l'reascs, Vulcanizcrs. Baggage end Key
C:cclls, St"cl and Rubber Stamps. Seal Press
e., Stencils. &c. j. L. w. norman CO.,
IL Z. Fayette ST., BALTIC, Md. Catalogue free.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27
Russia's Rapi

Russia's Rapid Growth.
Russia is increasing in population
faster than any other country in the
world.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27
Thomas Smith
Defendant.

The State of Minnesota to the above named
defendant
You, Thomas Smith, are hereby summoned
and required to answer the complaint of the
plaintiff in the above entitled action, which
Clerk of said district court, at the city of
Redwood Falls, county of Redwood, and
State of Minnesota and to serve a copy of
your answer to the said complaint on the
subscribers at their office in the city of Red
wood Falls. in the said county of Redwood,
within thirty days after service of this sum-
mons upon you exclusive of the day of such
service: and if you fail to answer the said
complaint within the time aforesaid the
plaintiff in this action will apply to the
Court for the relief demanded in said COM
plant. together with plaintiffs costs and
disbursements herein.
Dated January 4th. A. D. 1898
BALDWIN & PATTERSON,
Plaintiffs Attorneys.
Redwood Falls, MINI.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27
Summons.

CTATE OF MINNESOTA, COUNTY OF
- Redwood, District Court, Ninth Judicial
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27
British Hunting Hounds.


There are nearly 10000 hounds main
tanned in the United Kingdom exclus-
lively for hunting purposes.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27

John M. Wardell, !
Plaintiff, |
VS..
The Netherland Am
erican Land Com
pany, a corporation, |
John D. Owens, Ed !
ward Whiting, also
all other persons or |
parties, unknown, !
claiming any right,
title, estate, lien, or
interest in the real |
estate described in
the complaint here
in, Defendants.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27

defendants:
You are hereby summoned and required to
answer the complaint of the plaintiff in the
above entitled action. which is filed in the
the Ninth Judicial District, in and for the
County of Redwood and State of Minnesota,
and to serve copy of your answer to the
fee in the city of Redwood Falls, in said
county, within twenty days after the service
OF this summons upon you, exclusive OF the
swer the said complaint within the time
aforesaid, the plaintiff in this action will ap
ply to the Court for the relief demanded in
the complaint.
Dated this 3Oth day of November, 1897.
JOHN H. BOWERS.
Plaintiffs Attorney.
Redwood Falls. MINI.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27

STATE OF MINNESOTA. REDWOOD
- County. District Court, Ninth Judicial
District.
Amelia Augusta Smith,
Plaintiff,
VS.. Summons.
Thomas Smith.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27
Summons.

First publication Jan. 9th: last publica
Feb 18th.
The Redwood gazette. [volume] (Redwood Falls, Minn.) 1873-1940, 1898-01-27

Summons.
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
The Giant East India bee.

According to the Chicago Tribune
there is one race inhabiting the Philip.
pines which will be a welcome addition
to American citizenship, and will be
afforded every facility and inducement
to immigrate to the United States and
engage in the skilled labor in which it
has no peer This is the giant East In
dia honeybee
To scientists this bee is known as
apis dorsata, species common through
out the tropical regions of the east, and
in the Philippine islands the largest va
riety of this species is found 1t is
nearly one half larger than our native
honeyhee and builds a comb, heavy
with wax and honey. five or six times
as large as the ones that are found in
American orchards and forests.
The giant of the east has tongue
nearly twice as lopg as our native bees.
All these little workers get at the honey
in the flowers with their tongues. But
many blossoms have such deep wells
that our native bees cannot reach it,
and, knowing this through inherited
tradition, never try. The principal
honey bearing flower which cur native
bees find too hard problem for their
limited honey pumps is red clover. The
long tongue Of the big Philippine bee
would find these clover blossoms mine
of sweetness, and thousands of tons of
honey would be yielded up that is now
practically loss to the world.
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
Handy Tool For Beekeepers.

The best tool / ever found for raising
frames is nothing more or less than a
common stove litter. 1t has a curve in
it, and when it is put under the frames
for prying the end will come against
the side of the top bar. In using it the
curved part stays against the part of
the frame that you use as fulorum, and
it will move the frame easily. It has a
round edge about one-eighth of an inch
: thick at the end, perfectly round SO it
will not mar the wood 1t would be OF
no use for separating or raising the
Eupers or anything of that kind; it has
no sharp edge to it. With the same mo-
tion of the hand it will move the frame
much farther away from its neighboI
than straight tool would. If you will
get tool with that stove litter at one
end and the chisel blade at the other
end, I think you will have a pretty
good tool. There are others who have
used screwdriver, but would a great
deal rather have that tool because ]
have used one and know that it is
great deal better, says DR.. Miller in
Am erican Bee Journal.
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
News and Notes,

A French agrioulturist is reported tt
have shown that lone can improve cab
bages by grating two varieties, proper
ly selected and sowing the seed obtained
from the graft. +"
DR.. Salmon is credited with the state.
ment that the bureau of animal indus.
try has used serum on 1000 animals
this year and saved over 80 per cent OF
herds treated. Observations were alsc
made Of LOO hogs in other herds not
treated for the lack of serum, and so
per cent died.
According to the division of forestry,
private ownership of forest lands ex-
oeeds in area that of the United States
government and states combined.
Poultry and bees continue to be urged
as profitable and pleasant combination
on small place.
There are quite number of beekeep.
ers, SO called, who simply neglect their
bees, and then are surprised that they
die in winter. No doubt a great many
colonies simply starve before spring.
all because their owners failed to pro-
vide food enough to carry them through,
says The Bee Journal.
There appears to be growing inter-
est in Dorset sheep in the United States.
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
4 winter Crop In the cellar,

sis there another edible, besides the
mushroom, that can be grown in the
dark?'' Yes answers a Rural New
Yorker correspondent, and SO cheapIy
and proftably grown that every farmer
and gardener in the land may not only
have a supply for home use, but fo1
market also. Growing piepIant in win.
ter has passed the experimental stage
and become profitable industry in this
section at least Thousands of dollars
are paid the gardeners here each winter
for the product, which is bought at high
prices, both for home consumption and
for shipment. Any cellar or outbuilding
which can be made absolutely frost and
light proof will answer the purpose.
There is no objection to the house eel
lar, as no manure and very little water
are required, SO no odor or dampness
will arise. The labor of growing is so
little and the profits so large that the
most greedy ought to be satisfied with
the results.
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03

were put together. The New Yorker had
engravings made from these photo
graphs-two of which are here repro
duced-and in connection with them
gives the following information:
In regard to the manner of construo-
tion Mr.. Woodward says that in build
ing this kind of barn there are no
"steps" in the work of erection. Il is
rather weaving together continuously,
one plank at time. There is no such
thing as putting bent together and
then raising it as under the old square
timber system. In the first cut the out
side plank of the corner post may be set
up in place, toe nailed at the bottom to
the sill and stay lathed. Then single
plank Of each of the other parts in that
end of the building may be set up in the
same way, and one or two of the nail
girts (the horizontal pieces) may be nail
ed on. After that any half finished me-
chanic can see how to proceed, one plank
at a time, to the finish, stay lathing
each part until one or more tie planks
have been put in place to hold the thing
together 1t will be seen at the left Of
the cut that the several planks of the
post, the brace, and both the upper and
lower ties are all interspaced, and these
are nailed at each and every joint or
crossing, and thus all the numbers are
woven together and the frame grows in
creasirgly rigid. With each added plank
the nails should oor1espondingly in
crease in length. Bolts are usually rec.
commended, and, he believes, used, but
he prefers the wire nails and spikes.
In letter to the journal mentioned,
Mr.. Woodward says: Square timber is
very hard to find and very costly. Plank
may be picked up by the 10, 600 feet in
any well conducted lumber yard, in
stock, and at low figures. Skilled labor
is not needed in framing Any appren-
tice or day laborer who can handle a
saw and square and drive spikes is a
good hand. We used spikes instead Of
bolts. 1t is the strongest frame of its
size / ever saw, very much stronger
than any square timber frame of the
same size. Though our crops have been |
immense and the barn is filled to its ut
most capacity (it is 93 by 108 feet in |
size) there is no sign of strain or yield.
An. Ohio farmer also writes: "Last
November I built barn with a frame |
after the plan Of Mr.. John L. Shawver.
This frame is made entirely of planks-
2 by 4, 2 by 6, Q by 8, 2 by 10 and Q by
10 inches, but very few of the latter
size, only the collar beams The posts
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
IRRIGATION METHODS.

Systems That Are Equally Desirable
For East and West.
Many sections of the west are re-
claimed from the native desert condi-
tion and converted into profitable or
chards; pastures and meadows by wild
flooding, and the experiments at the
Utah Agricultural college and else
where have demonstrated that cheuk
flooding is the best system adapted to
some peculiar soils. Flooding consists
in covering the surface with water to
the depth of three to six inches, and
leaving it to penetrate to the subsoil by
peroolating through the cultivated
strata.
Wild flooding is often used advan-
tageously on gravelly soil, in irrigating
hillside planted to trees or permanent
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
ASPARAGUS BEDS.
The Notion That Manuring In Novem
ber Does More Harm Than Good.

The Notion That Manuring In NOvem-
ber Does More Harm Than Good.
The time for applying manure to as.
paragus beds and the placing of it are
matters of importance, concerning which
some interesting advice is furnished as
follows by R. B. Handy in bulletin on
asparagus culture:
In the use of stable manure many
writers and growers say, "In the an.
tumn, after the stalks have matured and
been cut, manure should be applied on
top Of the rows, " some giving the eau
tion not to put it over the crowns, lest
the shoots next spring be injured by
contact with it, but this plan is gradual
ly giving way to the more rational
dressing in spring and summer. It was
believed that autumn dressing strength
. ened the roots and enabled them to
throw up stronger shoots the following
spring. This is mistake, as it is dur
ing the growth of the stalks after the
cutting season was over that the crown
forms the buds from which the spears
of the next season spring, and it is
probable that it is principally during
this period that the roots assimilate and
store up the material which produces
these spears.
This being true, the plant food add
ed to the soil and becoming available
after the cessation of vegetation in the
autumn can have little effect upon the
spears cut the following spring. 1t first
becomes of use to the plant after the
crop has been cut and the stalks allow
ed to grow. Thus the manuring of the
autumn Of 1897 will not benefit the
grower until the spring Of 1899. In the
use of fresh manure it may be that the
winter is none too long to permit the
fertilizing elements to become available
and we'll distributed throughout the
soil, but if well rotted manure is used
there is danger Of the fertility being
leached out of the soil by the rains and
melting SHOWS of winter.
That is, if the food is ready for as
similation, give it at the time when the
roots are ready to absorb it instead of
when the roots are at rest. Stable ma
Rure applied when the cutting season
is over acts as mulch in preventing
the growth of weeds, keeping the soil
light and cool and preserving the mois-
ture.
Manuring in November does more
harm than good, as the mass of manure
causes many roots to decay and those
which do survive are likely to be weak.
The roots of asparagus are, perhaps,
always active, but less SO in winter
than in any other season, and will OBJ
tain as much manure for the soil as !
they can use. If heavily covered with
manure the sunshine is excluded, growth i
is checked and the roots have fight for
existence when they are none too strong.
As to manuring in or between the rows,
She latter is the most advisable, as
placing in the row only reaches the
storage roots to be found about the
crowns, whereas between the rows it is
where the rains will wash it down into
the open mouths of the feeding roots.
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03

blight to any appreciable extent in the
east and only slightly in the west. So
far as the experience Of the writer goes
it does not scab under favorable circum-
stances do not regard any variety as
being immune. Mr. Willard states that
with him neither fruit nor foliage is
affected by the apple scab fungus.
With regard to its productiveness, it
may be said that in this respect it is
fully equal to Duchess and Wealthy,
but the fruit deteriorates very rapidly
both in size and quality if the tree is
allowed to bear at will, and on gravelIy
soils in Vermont and in the province of
Quebec this fault has strongly operated
against the popularity of the Longield.
Normally and usually the tree will set
twice as much fruit as it is capable of
maturing This results in small apples
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
THE LoNerlELD AS GROWN IN CANADA

and heavy windfalls. Again the waxy
transparency Of the skin with the soft
character of the flesh make it diff.
cult apple to ship safely. Like the Fa-
meuse, it lacks the qualities which con-
stitute good export fruit.
Summing it all up, it may be said,
justly, / believe, that Longfeld is not a
general commercial market variety, but
rather suited to the needs of the grower
who caters to a special and personal
market, one who will cultivate thor
oughly, fertilize freely and thin judi
oiously.
The fruit is of medium size, round
and regular; skin bright yellow blushed
with bright pink; cavity narrow, almost
wanting in some specimens; stem me-
dunn to long, slender; basin small,
smooth calyx closed flesh white, rather
soft, melting juicy, mild subacid;
quality good, with suggestion Of Fa-
meuse flavor Its season in western
New York is October; at Ottawa, On
tario, October to December. In north
eastern Quebec it keeps throughout the
winter
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
MAIN cANAI
--MKTN C6TEI-
LInIIIII..Z|I..1|
Z''1EE7|||E|||f|||1
WILD FLooDrNe-cHEsK FLOODING.

WILD DFLOOD1NG-CHECK FLOODING.
grasses. The main ditch is constructed
on the highest plane, with a fall of four
or more feet to the mile, and water is
taken out into laterals at convenient
points and distributed over the field.
One furrow or lateral may be plowed
through the plat to be irrigated, begin
ming with the main and ending in the
waste ditch and sufficient distance
from parallel furrow to give plenty of
room for the water to spread. When the
burrows are made and the water turned
In the bitches are closed few yards
from the main by earthen dams and the
water distributed in small streams on
either side and left to spread over the
surface. In most cases where hayfelds
are irrigated by this system the bitches
are left undisturbed for "a hours, when
the dams arecut and the water changed
to lower section of food bitches. In
like manner the changes continue until
the area is irrigated, the surplus water
being caught in a waste ditch and used
elsewhere.
Check flooding is adapted to level
land and fiat cultivation. Itoonsists of
miniature reservoirs, where the water
is impounded about once a month to
the depth of four or five inches, and alb
sorbed by the soil for plant food. The
plats are surrounded by dams or Ievees,
about one foot in height, and a gate is
opened at the highest point, through
which the water enters and spreads
over the surface, being held in position
by the check walls. If water is turned
in at night and let run until a volume
equal to six inches in depth has been
poured upon the cultivated field, the
entire lake will be drunk up by the fol-
lowing night and the subsurface reser-
voirs filled to that depth. This water,
Of course, supplies moisture to the
plants while on the surface and returns
through capillary attraction when the
soil is stirred by plow or cultivator.
In case of an unusual volume of water
entering the gates and threatening to
submerge plants that might be injured
the dams may be cut at the lower cor
ners and the water drained off into a
waste ditch.
Sometimes the contour of a field ad-
mits of combining of wild and check
flooding, thereby saving time and econ
Middletown transcript., 1898-12-03
WINTER CATCH CROPS.
Oats and Peas Make a Fine Mulch
For the SOfIs

Oats and Peas Make a Fine Mulch
For the SOiIs
In explaining to correspondent why
he puts in peas and oats in the fall Mr..
John Gould of Ohio says in Country
Gentleman:
Why do sow oats and peas? First,
they make fine growth in the fall be-
fore snow comes and are about the only
crop here that will amount to much
drilled in after the corn crop is cut off.
They fill the soil with growing roots,
and the tops make a fine mulch to pro.
tect the soil and keep it from washing
and hold fertility from teaching out.
The peas are legumes, and go nitrogen
gatherer, and thus leave the soil better
for the next crop than they found it.
The oats add their share of humus to
the soil when plowed under, and it gets
from them carbon and warmth. So from
the two we get soil protection, traps to
hold fertility-if not to catch more
and the mechanical effect they have
upon our clay lands to make them looser
and more easily worked.
"No, we do not feed the crop off. We
SOW it for mulch crop On one field
the pea vines today are mass upon the
ground and white with blossoms, and
it now looks as if they would have to
be plowed under yet this fall. use the
Canadian pea-not your southern cow
pea. It is like any table pea, only
smaller sized grain. It is pretty nearly
frostproof, and last winter it almost
lived through, many plants doing 80.
They sell here this fall at about 75 cents
per so pounds. I now have ten acres in
on corn stubble just coming up.
"Do not imagine this is a general prac-
tice up here. It is an experiment I am
trying upon my farm, and SO far I am
pleased, especially SO as am becoming
convinced that vegetable matter is what
we want most on our clay lands and
we need it faster than it can be had in
regular rotation, unless we put in catch
crops between the regulars and plow
them in. In the south you have all the
Of the cowpea, and if could
grow such a catch crop up here as ]
have seen it in the south, where the
Cowpea grows to such perfection, ]
should think I was in tall legumes.'
There is rnmor in the air that the
Dwarf Essex rape plant Is better catch /
crop than oats or peas, about which / |
shall know later, and as it is plant
pretty rich in nitrogen, and most rank t
grower, tt may be the very thing that
ls being locked for toolothe the usually
aesolate barren stuhble fields Of winter. I