davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
EARLY FALL FLOWING.

1t is important to plow as early as
possible, and SOW to rye or oats for tsll
and winter pasture. Millions Of dol
lars could be saved to farmers il they
would make it rule to plow the stub
BILE ground as soon as possible after the
grain is harvested, and SOW to either
rye or oats If not wanted for pasture,
and if oats are sown, the ground can
be plowed early in the spring and
heavy coat of the very best fertilizing
material will be had; or, If sOWed to
rye, it can be pastured in the winter
and spring, and then plowed under, or
left to produce crop of grain. Such
fertilizer will be FIRE g from weed seed,
and other obnoxious ingredients found
in ordinary manure. The plowing in
the fall should be deep, and, if plowed
again in the spring, six inches will be
deep enough. It is remark able that
farmers will leave the stubble ground,
from which a crop Of small grain has
been taken, to grow up with weeds,
allowing them to cover the ground and
to ripen their seed, so furnishing a
supply of seed to infest the ground for
years to come, when, by a ldicious
course, a valuable crop OF fortilizing
material, or q grain, could as we'll be
grown. When will farmers take Rd
vantage of the many things which can
be readily turned to profit, in place of
having an actual damage and lossG
1t is important that the plowing be
deep; in many places one foot is not
too deep. Where practicable, the sub
soil plow should be used to loosen up
the soil below the surface ploWing.
What is all this for9 1t is to enable
the soil to absol b the rains as soon as
they fall, so that all moisture will be
taken down into the earth before it is
carried away evaporation. II the
moisture is carefully stored in the
earth, there will be bountiful supply
for the use of the crop during the entire
period of crop growth, and beautiful
harvest will always reward the intelli-
gent, faithful, and push ahead man.
The time has come when it will pay
to use brains on the farm. 1t has only
been few years since there was no
thought among farmers about subsoil
blowing, but now in the last few years
no less than five manufacturing estab-
lishments are putting out subsoil plows.
This shows q wonderful change.
Il is such an important matter that
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
FEEDING CORN TO HOGS.

One of the besetting sins of the
farmer (9nd by this we do not mean to
intimate that he has more than any
other class of men), at this time of
year, is that he will give his pigs too
exclusive corn ration. Once more we
repeat for the last six weeks feeding of
mature hogs we know Of nothing bet
than clear corn and cold water with
ashes and salt and physical comfort.
It must be remembered, however, that
younger hogs must grow not merely in
fat but in flesh, and, therefore, they
must have flesh forming material in
which corn alone is not suffi GENTLY
rich. OF course, clover pasture will
remedy the diff ,ulty, but there will be
NJ loss if the growing pig re ceives
some % cent oats in connection with
his 80 cent corn, or some barley or rye
where the supply of oats is short. The
hog cannot work miracle; it cannot
make bricks without straw. If we
wish to be healthy and vigorous and to
use corn economically, iE must have
something besides corn until it goes
into the pen for the final fnish.-Wal
lace's Farmer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
THE USE OF PUMPKINS.

There are three classes of stock to
which pumpkins can be fed with great
profit from this time on; the growing
pig, the lamb, and the milk COW, the
two former to be preferred. One of
the great benefits of feeding pumpkinP,
and particularly the seeds, lies in the
fact that they act as vermifuge and
hence serve a valuable purpose at this
time Of year in ridding both these
classes Of stock of the worms that do
so much to hinder their thrift This is
true especially Of sheep. About all
the ir diseases may be summed up in
one word-worms;-and while pump
kins will perhaps do little injury to
lung worms or grub in the head, they
will prove valuable in getting rid of
the other vermicular intestatiOns. The
old grandmother who makes pumpkin
seed into tea and feeds it to her grand
child whose mothers ineXperience does
not enable her to take care of it prop
erly is doing about the right thing
She knows that the youpgster has
worms, and her long experience has
told her that pumpkin seed tea and
worms are at swords points. We sus
pect that if our grandmOthers had the
management of the lambs there would
be less complaint of worms. Some way
we always did think that a grand
mother who had cared for seven or
eight children and a dozen or more
grandchildren had more sense than a
good many surgeons. Wallace's Far
mer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

fields laying open to the damaging in
fuences Of the heat Of the sun after
harvest, should be ploWed and put into
some crop, either temporary or permR
nent, that is, either for pasture fertiliz
ing or q permanent crop, that the
writer feels like urging this work on
farmers. 1t has been published in
many of the papers for the last eight
or ten years, yet not farmer has been
heard from who has put into practice
these suggestions. Why is this, and
can anyone give a good objection to it9
Can it be that the advice given is not
good-that it would not be a great
benefit to farmers to do this works
Suppose every farmer who reads these
lines shall try the experiment by ploW-
ing, even now, few acres, and sowing
either to rye or oats. Sac what can be
accomplished in this line, and let us
hear from you whether it pays to do
this work; if it is a humbug, let US
know it, but if it is Of any great ad-
vantage, let us know that7
Lot US all awaken to greater inter
est in improved methods throughout
the entire scope of farm work. A little
improvement each year will result in
increased yield of crops, improved
quality, greater profit and greater sue
cess generally.-E. 8. Teagarden,
Boone, Iowa.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
AGRICULTURE.
WINTER COMPoSTS FOR MA.
NURE.

Most gardeners and careful farmers
utilize the pleasant days of winter in
callecting muck, leaves, straw and
other farmyard wastes into compost
piles where the rough and bulky mate
rial ferments and passes into the black
mold go useful for garden plants.
Well made composts are always
valuable, but their comparative value
depends very largely upon the prep,
aration of the heaps and the sources
of the material. Composing adds
nothing to the plant food contained in
the rough material 1t merely brings
this material into more soluble con-
dition.
ALI farm wastes should find their
way into the compost heap for reasons
connected wish health and neatness
as we'll as economy, but needless labor
should not be used in handling the
piles. The heaps must be Or oxen down
and remade two or three times to en-
sure proper mixing AMI finiDg, but
this labor may be in large measure
&C somplished with the ploW and
scraper, using the shovel only for shap
ing up. All compost piles should be
made er cover or if made in the
open be protected By a covering of
boar ds or thatch suffi cient to shed the
rain water. The rough material should
be we'll wetted before adding to the
pile. But little moisture will be SUBJ
sequently needed and this is best given
in the form of laundry and kitchen
slops, urine, etc.
The following table shows the com
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

We have all along admired the clean
illness Of the Charlotte Observers edi-
torial page. Compared with the aver
age Democratic daily, it has been al
most spotless. But it, too, now seems
to be degeneratinR to the level of the
News and Observer. Ga last Sunday
it contained a vile article calling those
Tarboro Democrats who dared defend
the character of their ex Mayor, Hon.
j w. E. Fountain, from the assaults
Of one b. e. C bryant. white livered
skunks." This term is a favorite one
with the machine, which hates every
one regardless of party politics who
dares dispute any statement made by
the bosses. Yes, the Observer is get
ting in line.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

The Charlotte Observer in the fol.
lowing paragraph, says just what we
want to say:
We are frank to say that we do not
believe half the stories about the i'm
portation OF negroes from South Caro-
lima and Virginia to vote in the North
Carolina election next month. But
whether they be ten or ten thousand,
thsy must be stopped from voting"
We must see that only legal voters
vote. Let good men see to this As
well put a wolf to attend to your sheep
as to get an old time ballot box suffer
to keep off fraudulent voters.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
RALEIGH, N. G., NOVEMBER l, 1898.

uncalled for. He does not even grant
that they might be honestly mistaken
says they acted deliberately, dis
honorably and falsely" and are ''moun
tebanks, demAgogues and falsifiers. :"
WheW! Why, the writer heard Mr..
Bailey's own brother say that he (E1i
tor B was Democrat, and that less
than a mouth ago. We do not know,
and do not care, for we believe Mr..
Bailey, il mistaken, is honestly mis-.
taken. But if a mans own family may
be honestly mistaken about his poll
tics, may not othersl We do not know
what Bro Bailey will do when he thinks
OF it soOerly, but we believe he will be
honest enough TO admit that some other
people some times make errors without
doing so deliberately, dishonorably
and falsely"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

Do not some of you remember that
not long ago paper which calls itself
the News aud OBSERVER was jlst ever
lastiugly bowling at the Southern Rail
way system for bRmboCzlipg some ma
chine Democrats into making that
midnight 80 year lease2" Do you re-
member that this paper got hold of
the letter book of the defunCt Tribune
and printed some Of those letters show
ing how the Southern Railway man
agement did thus and 80, and do you
remember what row this News and
Observer tried to kick up about how
the Southern Railway bought up"
members of the legislature and all
that9
OF course all that is fresh and green
in memory. Do you see or hear of the
News and o )server doing anything
of that kind noW9 Has it said word
about Mr.. A. B Andrews, the Southern
Railway boss, recentlyi Has it said a
word about midnight SO year lease"
lately3 Has it said a word about this
State being corporation ridden since
the "nigger" Democratic campaign
beguni
No, not word not thingl
WHYH
1t has been intimated that the
Southern Railway was backing up
the Democratic machine in this cam
pain. The Southern Railway has money
to spend in campaigns-when it is try
ing to control legislature through
the Democratic machine.
The tax records show that the News
and o oserver has been on the INsoL
VENT LIST in Wake county.
For an ''insolvent" concern, the
News and Observer is making mighty
big show just now.
The Southern Railway has money to
spend in Democratic campaigns (B1O,
600 contribution proven in VIrginia)
when it wants to work through Dem
ocratic machine.
The News and Observer has not said
a word about the "midnight 80 year
lease" nor about corporations, nor
about a. B Andrews since the mig
ger" Democratic campaign was opened
up.
The-ah-er-say; are you such an
idiot as not to be able to see through
this gamei
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
Nitrogen calculated at cents per

Nitrogen calculated at z cents per
pound-only very slowly soluble.
Where the rough material is col
lected early in the winter before their
nitrogenous constituents are washed
away they ara likely to contain good
percentage Of nitrogen. Laundry and
kitchen slops, chamber lye, night soil,
etc., are all very rich in nitrogen.
Such composted material is apt to lack
both potash and phosphoric acid sufh
cient to make a well. balanced fertili
zar. Bone meal may with advantage
be added when the pile is made up if
no fish is used in the pile. Potash is
best added to the pile when made up,
in the form Of manure, hard wood or
tobacco stems. Many common road.
side weeds are rich in nitrogen and q
few in potash. On account of liability
to spread the weeds by means Of their
seeds which would not be killed by the
heat of ordinary composts it will be
we'll to compost weeds separately and
add to each layer a heavy sprinkling
of fresh unslaked lime. Wet the pile
thoroughly as soon as made and then
cover with three or four inches Of soil
we'll frmed to prevent loss of nitrogen.
The lime will generate heat enough to
kill the seeds.
GERALD MCCARTHY.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

Every day we are receiving com.
plants from subscribers who do not get
their paper regularly. Many of them
very many Of them-say that they
DO not get the paper at all. We want
understood that we are not to blame.
The papers are sent out from this Office
% time every week. We don't know
where the blame is, but we are making
Desperate effort TO find out. Let
every subscriber who fails to get his
paper regularly hereafter notify US at
once, and tell US what he thinks is the
cause We want you to get your paper
On time and will do everything In our
power to see that you do.
2. S.-Since th9 above was written,
sWeek ago, complaints have not been
'0troqlent % but the request still holds
good
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
NEGLECT OF FALL FLOWING.

believe that it is becoming less and
less practice to plow in the fall, and
in many respects this is to be regretted.
1t is probably only the most intelligent
and progressive farmers who plow in
the fall Those hard pressed for time
and money complain they have 10
time for it. Is not a good deal of their
poor success due to the neglect of little
things like this7
Fall plowirg helps to fertiliEe the
soil to an extent not appreciated by
all. Our cheapest source of soil fertili-
Ter is the atmosphere. The air by act
ing upon the soil starts into operation
food making process. The frost is an
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
THE POULTRY YARD.
PREPARE FOR WINTER.

Cold freezing weather is jest ahead
Of us now. Let usremember the cheer
full disposition of the hen and her in
clination to work and prepare for her
in advance of the bad weather which
shall keep her indoors good part of
the time, a place in which che can
scratch and work to her beart's con-
tent. II the ben house has no wooden
fl oor, it's good plan to now give it an
extra good cleaning, and to remove
the surface dirt in it for two or three
inches. and replace it with fresh clean
soil from the field or back yard, and
then, in addition to the soil, put in
millet or clover hay cut in tolerablY
short lengths to the depth of three
inches more. Then throw grain in it
of morning early, just as the hens
are coming from the rooss, and let
them scratch for their breakfast. Is
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

The last trick we have heard OF
on the part of the Democrats, is that
of preparing to send kilograms all over
the State on the morning of Il cleo
ton that the negroes are rioting at
various places in the State. By this
means we suppose they think they will
enlarge their scarecroW and gather
white votes In the West. Look out for
these kilograms and other false alarms
We've kept up with the boys 90 far,
and when the general roll is called on
the morning of election, 'we'u be
there" yes, well be there. States
Vile Blade.
We call the especial attention of
every reader to the above note. From
what we have seen and heard, we be-
live it is 80 full of truth that no one can
afford to pass it by. Rad and take
warning.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

We regret very much to hear or the
nspension of Tom Watson paper.
Too many Populists forget that though
the trusts and monopolies can afford to
support their organs, the people them
selves must hold up the hands Of the
papers working for reform, And that
Old time sentence Watch the date on
your label rnd renew when your sub
cription expires" may not be out OF
place here.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

Their is a story going the rounds
Nat last week q big" maa, a "Oig
tallroad' man, VINO wants control of
.ae legislature, accosted a certain
o1mccratic machine editor, and roasted
~In this wise: You are not making
10y head way against this fusion crowd.
can't see that they are weakening
''!Where, In fact, that crowd seems
y De gaining. I tell you things look
'Angerous You must work the mig
" 81 racket" harder-you must Equall
ugger" more and harder. You are
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

The exhibit Of the Page Woven Wire
Fence Co Adrian, Mich atthe Omaha
EIposition, is interesting. There we
ssv buffalo, two bears and an elk all
kept safely by this safe, strong, simple,
secure fence. Every farmer needs
such a fence on his farm. A catalogue,
prices, and description of the different
kinds of fences. free for the asking.
Address as above.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01
EDITORIAL NOTES.

Attorney General Walser in recent
5ecision, holds that students attend
mo college away from home, but resid
ing with their parents during vacation,
must vote at the precinct Of their pa
rents, their home precinct.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

not squalling halt loud enough" And
then the contemp ible little "nigger"
yeller sneaked eff to see If he could not
get up "nigger" squall to pacify his
boss
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

We are convinced that no reform
now before the American people is of
greater Importance than the initiative
and referendum. 1t would make this
really q government cf. for, and by
the people, and would do more than
anything else can do to lift politics cut
Of tie cess pool of filth and corruption.
Ii neeC but to be understood to be
popular, and needs but to be tried to
become a permanent law Of the land.
tis our intention to give some articles
On this subj ct in the near future.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

Bro. NJ N. Bissett, wrisiDg from
Clover, Nash county, says: DIR. v.
n SeawelI made four Alliance speech
e. in Nash last week and greatly re
7ved the o der. We left eff political
afairs-simply told US where we were
and the way out" We congratulate
our Nash brethren upon their good
tostune and hope that Bro. Seawell
will be able to visit several other
counties within the next few months.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

Bro. Bailey, of the Recorder, gives
vent to his righteous wrath in great
gobs in the last issue of that paper be-
cause some Of cur tusionist friends
have sent out a circular in which it
was incidentally stated that he was a
Democrat. Now we have not seen a
copy of the circular, did not know of
its existence, and do not endorse it, for
we do not think that a religious paper
should be drsgged into partisan poll
tics, either by party managers or it's
editors. But We do think that Bro.
Bailey's display of wrath is entirely
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

position and money value per ton of
the more common farm wastes:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

~uf.r. stu7adtng TsOtC Just 6ehtTId TIE
.,,tai,.. and srs ftLH glO,U Of the coming
So Behind me are the ShGdOtGs Oss
- fr4rk. before me ltes the doris UGLLey
,.~5fBe rtreT. When nlingte tUfth Sts
- ,rrters I tUd4st to cast one ttTlger-
- - iooR upon q country tUhOse govern
~ mi q Of the people, for the people,
vi ssI bg the people, IL. L. Polk, july
a 1890
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

Here are some nice juicy facts for the
nigger howlers. Read and he ed, all ye
white men:
EDITORS PROGRESSIVE FARMER The
supplement to the last FARMER was q
hummer, the best of the kind I ever
saw. If you have any to send out,
send them down this way. In this
town, Aurora, the Democrats have sew
eral times nominated and elected col
o. ed man, in fact, one is now town
WE HAVE ALSO HAD CoLoRED POLICE
MEN UNDER DEMOCRATIC ADMINIsTRA
TION have on my table the record
book of Richlend township Supervisor,
going back only to 1887, find that in
the year OF 1887 the board, ALL DEM J.
Gratis APPOINTED SIX COLORED MEN as
overseers on the public roads, that
during the next six years the board be
ing all DEMOCRATS. APPOINTED TWELVE
COLORFD MEN ovERsEERs ON OUR PUBLIC
ROADS
Do you see that all this cry about
nigger overseers IS all a humbugG
Yours truly.
A. b. CHAPIN, M D
Where, oh where, were the niger
howlers when all this was being done
Where, oh where, was Aycock with
his eloquent words about the grand
Anglo Saxon races Where, oh where,
was Josephus Daniels and his cartoon
ist7 Where was he when he should
have been publishing extras and car
toons telling the people of this horrori
And where-But, oh, what bIunder
we have mRde-we forgot-but we
ought to have known-what made US
so foolish for
Toe ''nigger" Is all right when he's
Democr a.ic!
Isn'E he, J0sephus9
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

Has the largest
circulation Of any
family RgricuItu-
raj or political
paper published
between Rich.
mond and Atlanta
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-01

aThe Progress
,ve Farmer 10 q
Sood paper--hr
Sbove the aver
sg%-and possibly
ne best RdvertiS-
i10 medium In N.
- Printers Ink
Worcester morning daily spy. (Worcester, Mass.) 1888-1898, 1898-03-15

desire, while Spain retains only nominal
sovereignty over the island sounds like
a complete surrender of everything but
the bare name of sovereignty.
Naturally it was inferred by
the correspondents that the presi-
dent said he could not answer
for the acceptance of such proposal
till the Cubans had been consulted, and
that Senior Quesada, the Cuban secre-
tary in Washington, would make similar
reply. 1t was easy to suggest that
nothing short of complete independence
could be entertained, in view of the Gu
ban constitution; that this proposal was
Of no effect till the cortes had passed
upon it, and that so long as Spain
claimed even the nominal allegiance of
the islanders, she could put her army
back in Cuba at any time, and restore
the conditions of war. Nevertheless,
there is every indication that the Sa-
gasta ministry is making strenuous eff
fort to find a peaceful way out of the
Cuban dilemma without causing an
outbreak in Spain itself.