Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1898-07-24

ism. It mentions, indeed, that ''the suspicion and race prejudice that al- ready existed was intensified in 1873 through the proposal to cede Pearl harbor to the United States in consid- eration of d treaty of commercial reef procity. Another matter, which "helped to widen the breach" racially, was the execution of the law for the segregation of lepers, one result of which was a mutiny of the household troops, which had the sympathy of the populace" The treaty of conner cial reciprocity that was negotiated in the second year of the reign of King Kalakaua went into operation iE Sep tember, 1876. ID spite of bitter opposi- tion in both countries" In later pub lcation. the last volume of 'Appleton's Annual Cyclopaedia.' if is stated that "the Americans Gin Hawaii) feared that the continued settlement of Japanese in the Hawaiian islands would result in the transfer of political power to them and the adoption of such laws as would make Hawaii Japanese cof- ony." This matter of Japanese com plications will be an Interesting matter to return to in moment It's immedi- ate point is simply that if seems to let in some further glimmer of light on | he obscure tangle of Hawaiian politics. This football Of nations seems to have generated a conflict of races within as well as without. The exact truth about the internal affairs of Hawaii cannot yet be told, but the politicians of the Pacific are apparently no nearer to the angels than are those of our own land- However beneficent the revolution which they have brought about may prove to be, it does not follow that.their methods were immaculate.
 To return to the more definite his tory of Hawaii, King Kalakaua had been seated on the throne only by the aid of American marines, who were called in to suppress the rioting of his opponents. Once having got the throne, however, he set out, as we are assured by the republicans, ito change the system of government into 9 personal despotism in which he should have un- checked control of the government treasury" The republican indictment of him reads much as does the ortho- dox whig indictment of Charles l. He dismissed two ministers without as signing any reason immediately after they had been triumphantly sus- tained by vote of the legislature" The appointment of one of his pre- miers, who had the picturesque name of Celso Caesar Moreno, ''calied forth the protest of the representatives of three great powers, and such an uprising of the people that he had to give way" Ne are told that adroit politicians taught him how to ''yio- late the spirit and intent of the con- stitution, while keeping within the let ter of the law" and also that @legis- latures were packed with subservient offieeholders, while every artifice was used to debauch the native elector- ate and foment race ,preiudice.' The national debt grew to five times it. self in seven years. The king accepted bribes.
 All this brought about the revoiu- ton of 1887. There resulted q new constitution and great curtailment of the royal power. \ royalist uprising in 1889. led by one R. W. Wilcox, was put down and soon afterward the king died
 The republican indictment of Liliuo- kalani is similar to the charges against Kalakaua. "The history of her short reign shows that it was her unaltered purpose to restore autocratic govern ment." She had prepared acoupd'etat for January II, 1893, but her minis ters wavered at the last moment, and according to the republican account, there was a general uprising of the conservative part of the community similar to that of 1884," and the repub- lie was proclaimed.
 The history of Hawaii under the re- public is we'll known. A treaty of an nexation to the United States was ne gotiated as soon as possible, but was abandoned on the accession to power of President Cleveland. The steady agitation in favor of annexation which has been going on ever since is too ia miliar to need review.
 In February, 1897, commissioners were sent to Washington to draft treaty of annexation. By this treaty the islands become the territory of Hawaii, all rights of sovereignty are ceded to the United States and the lat ter assumes the Hawaiian debt to the extent of $4,000,000. There is an anti annexation party in the islands that still desires an independent govern ment, but the Hawaiian legislature has unanimously ratified the treaty.
 The territory of Hawaii, though it's total area is only 6.74O square miles and its population but 109, ,O20, has great natural wealth. No state on earth has more mixed population, less than one-third being native Ha- waiians, nearly onefourth Japanese, one-fifth Chinese, one-sixth Portu- guese, one-twentieth Americans, the rest British, Germans, Norwegians.