davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The age-herald., 1898-02-13
Cupid Welcomes
 Valentine Day

because 1t occurred nearly at the same time"
 The custom of drawing the names of saints, however, was not vested with sufficient materialism, and in the days of romance and chivalry the girls were conspicuous figures again in the ob- servance of the day. In those times the youths and the maidens were drasen for by lot. Each youth would inscfibe his name or his symbol on a piece of parchment and toss it into box; then the maidens would do the same. The youths would then draw maiden from the box and the maiden in turn draw the name of a youth.
 Then the adjustment would begin. The youths would seek out the maidens whose names they had drawn, and the maidens the youths. Thus 1t would gen. erally happen that each man was seek ing a maid and was in turn sought by a maiden he was not himself seeking. This latter maid must, therefore be bought off with a gift in keeping with the rank of the man. Sometimes it hap pened that the youth and the maiden
The age-herald., 1898-02-13

chances the storm, he must do the same. On a hansom-that is private hanson. and a private hanson is a de- lightful luxury-the driver does not wear a livery at all and this is done to distinguish him from the ordinary hanson driver, who always wears liv- cry. Instead he wears a box coat his collar and puff scarf are immaculate, and his high hat has a marvellous poll ish, while his gloves are dark tan ones such as gentlemen wear. The fashiona- ble girl who used to have a phaeton, now has hanson, and she manages to get more solid fun out of it than she would out of any other trap. But the average girl gets a good bit of fun out of life anyhow. Why shouldn't she? She is young, well dressed and pretty.
 She enjoys her cloth gown because 1t fits well and she is comfortable in it.
 She enjoys pound of the best sweets
The age-herald., 1898-02-13

considered specially under the patron- age of this saint Undoubtedly the be- lief had become an accepted fact In Chaucer's day, for his Assembly of Foules," or the great gathering of the birds, Is treasure trove for suitable ex- tracts. He describes the grace of the Empress Nature and amusingly sketch es the anxiety of the assembly as to who should mate with the great eagle
 Pairing time for birds is spring, and Tennyson expresses the next step to- ward the completion of the chain of ev- idence in his lines:
 In the spring young mans fancy
 Hfgiltly turns to thoughts of love.
 One of the most popularIy quoted of valentines is that written by John Dome, the satiric poet of the seven- teenth century. In his rugged style he anticipates Browning.
 This valentine was dedicated to Prin- cess Elizabeth and the Elector Freder- ick on their wedding day. Feb. 14, 1914: Hail, Bishop Valentine, whose day this isl All the air is thy diocese, And all the chirping choristers And other birds are thy parishioners. Thy marryest every year The lyric lark and the grave whispering
 dove;
 The sparrow that neglects his life for love. The household bird with the red stom-
 acher;
 Thou mak'st the bIuebird speed as soon As doth the goldfinch or the halcyon- This day more cheerfully than ever shine This day which might infiame myself, old
 Valentine
 On Valentines eve it used to be a common practice among girls to gather five bay leaves. pinning one on each corner of their pillow and one in the center. Their repose was made sweet by the visions of possible sweethearts in their dreams.
 Before retiring hard boiled egg was divided the yolk taken out and it's space filled with salt. The egg. shell and all. was swallowed. No drink of water was allowed after this charm.
 Unless the digestion of our fair an- cestresses was bullet proof, the wonder may well be why hobgoblins and not lovers did not visit them in dreams.
 In Oxford the children still sing
 Good morrow, Valentine,
 First 'tis yours and then 'tis mine,
 So please give me valentine. and another rhyme:
 Good morrow to you, Valentine,
 Cut your locks as do mine,
 Two before and three behind.
 Good morrow to you, Valentine
 For three centuries. from the fifteenth to the eighteenth, we have constant al- lusions in prose and poetry to the cus- tom of writing names of men and wo- men on slips of paper that each one might draw a slip. A lady had the right to choose her representative man, who thus for 12 months was bound by honor to serve her, to do her will and desire and sing her praises in rhyme.
The age-herald., 1898-02-13
Woman Deserves This.

Remember, woman is most perfect when most womanly.-Gladstone.
 Earth has nothing more tender than a pious woman's heart.-Luther.
 All am, or can be, I owe to my angel mother.-Abral1am Lincoln.
 Disguise our bondage as we will, 'tis woman, woman rules us still.-Moore.
 The society of ladies Is the school of politeness.--Monfort. Q
 Heaven will be no heaven for me if ] do not meet my wife there.-Andrew Johnson.
 Even in the darkest hour of earthly i'll, woman's fond affection glows.- Sand.
 No man can either live piously or die righteous without wife.-Richter.
 Eternal joy and everlasting love there's in you, woman, lovely woman.- Otway.
 Women need not look to those dear to them to know their moods.-Howells.
 Yes, swoman's love is free from guile, and pure as bright aurora's ray.--Mor- ris.
 What woman wills. God wills.
The age-herald., 1898-02-13

drew each others names, but this was not often. When it did occur, a mar riage was considered the only possible outcome.
 Then this practice of drawing by lot and trusting to luck was slowly but surely supplanted by the practice of choosing the valentine. Each young man would up and away before day. light to post himself at his lady's lat tice, or even, if possible, steal into her chamber so as to be the first her eyes should rest upon when she should awake on St. Valentines day. Then for the year this man and maid were val entines and bound in all honor to ob- serve the ties. As this custom grew, so grew the practice of bearing to the maid an expression of loving senti- ments carefully wrought on parchment. Over these wordy expressions the illit- crate gallants of the romantic days struggled and toiled and pounded, their hearts pierced with huge arrows. They did Anpt buy them at the shops. but made t,sern themselves and likewise de-
The age-herald., 1898-02-13
Two Bright California
 Women
Women,

Miss Ina D. Coolbrith, the poet, has been made librarian of the San Fran cisco Mercantile library, the largest H. brary west of Chicago. Miss Coolbrith was the choice of the Woman's auxfl- iary, a society that has materially aid- ed the library through long period of adverse fortunes. For 20 years Miss Coolbrith had charge of the Oakland (Cal.) Free library and takes to her new position much valuable knowledge of the classification and care of books and ex- perience in library management. While managing the Oakland library she found time to write and attracted attention
The age-herald., 1898-02-13
Bab Says ruth
 Is Fashionable

In that box were torn workbags, broken. sets of pigs in clover" shat tered fans, faded cotillon favors and a few miserable looking ribbons that could not have been utilized even for a doll-just such lot of rubbish as one gets when an old chest of drawers is cleaned out-and this accumulation of nonsense and trash was offered with an air of pride to a hardworking woman who would have appreciated something
The age-herald., 1898-02-13
Copyright, 1898.1

IOUpyTIBHl, Ib56.I
 Every year when St. Valentines day comes around there is sure to be found a trite announcement in the newspa- pers to the effect that the custom of giving tokens on that day is dying out" But every year valentines appear as usual in the shop windows, and ev- cry one knows that men do not continue to offer merchandise for sale which has ceased to be demanded. One sort of valentine is dying out," it is true-the comic kind. Our higher education has done that much at least for us.
 Tn former times the communications
The age-herald., 1898-02-13

livered them in person, so that the cus- tom had to it some real meaning.
 In studying the numerous literary al- lusions to the festival we find none ear- Her than the twelfth century. Remem- bering that it was the most specially mystical and legend loving of all the centuries, and that T ss: mt presided over every imaS Slnai.e circumstance and situation, we may reasonably claim then that the pairing ot i.ie birds wao
The age-herald., 1898-02-13
away from home through her beautiful

away from home through her beautiful
 poems.
 Another California woman who has won success is Miss Jessie Allen of San Francisco, who, after six years resi- dence abroad, has returned to this coun- try one of the foremost women among artists. Her views of Venice denote that this young artist has much ssn-
 cerity in her work. In place of pro- ceeding like many painters we'll known and who have become familiar with the lagoons and ducal palaces Miss Jessie Allen has closely studied the Venetian masters Canaletto and his celebrated pupil, Guardi who have left pictures of an exact touch. when Venice appears in atmosphere enveloped with haze. In an exhibition of the works of 200 Ameri- can artists from all sections of the United States. held in Paris during De- cember, Miss Aliens picture was select- ed by the art critic of Le Matin as as. pecially worthy of notice.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08
Wolf Certificates Poor 1nve.sm.u,

Wolf Certificates Poor Investment.
There is somebody going to get badly
left ON Investments in wolf certificates.
In answer to An inquiry, the LEADzx pro.
pretor received the following from one
who ls in position to know what he is
writing about. He writes: "Over
$30,000.O0 of wolf bounty certificates
have been issued so far, that all the tax
that can possibly be collected for the two
years is $1s,0oo0O, 90 you will nee that
some one is .,ouud to get left. The coun-
siss~of Grand Forks and Pembina have
not made any levy. At the rate that GER
tificates are now being issued something
like 100000 90, will remain unpaid and
it is among the possibilities that the next
Legislature may enacs law wiping out
the entire thing" This will let certificate
buyers and wolf hide importers oat and
but little left for the wolfers to do but
pack awav gnns aud kill their dogs.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08
The Legend of Zi-win-ta.

Ed. W.sHDuRN L.ADrR:-Kindly permit
me to say through the columns Of your
paper that the Legend of Zi-wia-ta. an
excerpt from my un unpnblishsd book.
''Fortres to Farm" which has fOuud meu.
tion in several consecutive isauss of the
LEADER, did not purport to b. either his.
tory or fiction a. tho LrADxa has ssooss
sively classed it. The story was given a.
related by an Indian woman who was The
dsscendent of rase having no written
language and no printed records, and
whose imperfect knowledge Of past
events was derived solely from the tradi-
ditions of her own peopls and tribe.
Had the entire chapter of the IT,
win.ta legend been quoted there would
have ben no occasion for the
LEADER to assume that had char
acterized the Mandans and Minnetarsss
as one people. But in conden.ing the Ii.
win-ta chapter from the book for repub-
ication a number of sentenoes relative
to both tribes we're cut out, 40 a casual
reader of the reprint may have gained tho
idea that regarded them az one and the
same tribe.
I trust the LEADER may in common
justice publish this letter.
LINDA W. SLAUGHTER.
Bismarck, n. D.. Dec. z8, 1897.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08
Wedding on Turtle Creek.

At the residence of Ole Peterson, on
Turtle Creek. on Tuesday, January 4th,
Rev. ]. A. Diesen, officiating, Anton Stein
was united in matrimony with Miss julia
Jenson. The contracting parties have
resided in the county about two years
Mrs. Stein being sister of Mrs. Ole Pc.
tersor, and the groom-Mr. Stein-it will
be remembered by LEADxa readers as the
young man who was 90 badly hurt last o.
tober by vicious horse at Commissioners
Hansen's place, The same evening of the
wedding grand dance was given at Mr..
Peterson's in honor of the event. Many
Washburnites took part in the fandanRo.
and had jolly time. J.C Whitlock and
his daughter Maud were the musicians.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08
NEW BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

NE" HsbARD OF OMMlSklOS E8S.
At the meeting of the Board of tha
County Commissioners this week, there
was a change in the majority of. the
Boards personnel. At tho regular com
missioner election in the Third District
last fall. Louis Bsrquist vas elected to
succeed Commissioner Hanson. and in the
Second District. for business and change
of base, Commissioner Rohrer resigned
and the appointing Board consisting of
the two qualified commissioners and the
county auditor and county judge met and
unanimously appointed Noah w. solen-
berger, Of Hancock as Commissioner
Rohrer's successor, there being no other
candidate before the Board.
Louis Berqulst the new commissioner
from the Third District is an old settler
and good farmer of the 1ngersoll neigh.
borhood, aud this is bis first public Office.
But he has kept himself we'll posted on
public mattrs aud will be no novice in the
administration of coun'y affairs. N. W.
Solsnberger, is also an old citizen of the
county, aud has resided in tho Hancock
neighborhood during the past ten years,
engaged in farming an atock raising, and
is also postmaster of that thrifty burg.
With these two commissioners and Chair
man Wing of the old board holding ever,
will constitute the Board of Commits.
sionerss for Mclean County during the
year 1895.
OF tho retiring commissioners Mr.. Han
son of the Third district has experienced
tho longest service having completed two
full terms on the Coxnty Board-one term
as chairman-and refused to stand foe re-
election. He made an exceptiorall, good
commissioner. and has no troubled dreams
Of duty unfalldlled. The ex-Conmie-
ioner has one of the most productive
farms in the county.
Ex.Comm,ssioner Rohrer, though not
so long in official harness as Nc. Hanson.
is also among fortunes favored ones by
his constituents having ''no kick coming"
for official missdssds while he was COM
missioner. Long resident of Coal Har.
bor his pecaniary interests. principally,
remain there-he having farm and 80
head Of stock. But, tom mporarily, he 10 in
with his brotl.ers in the merchantiis ,es-
bearing their name. and
thonght best to relinq uish his position on
the honorable board that his commercial
enterprise could claim all attention. But
Shsn the pralriss Of Mclean county
again ps,s forth its vslvsty ersen-it will
not be Merchant Rohrsr, Of Bismarck, bu9
plain Henry Rohrsr; ~ ,NcLssn county
tocevernofe.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Hansons Enterprise is the name of a
nav five column paper which appeared on
our exchange table the past week. 1t has
good string of Burfeigh county locals,
and is neatly printed-its proprietor M.
i. Hanson. being graduate from the Biz
mseck Tribune composing rooms. The
press work of the new veutre IS being
done IN the Review Office. This makes
four Newspapers in tho roce fer public
favor at the State capital. May the devil
catch the hindermost.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

We see by the Williams County Press
that poor old Dick Copeland was favored
with "sqnare" meal up that way about
Christmas time. The old saw tooth that
thorns aud roses grow on the same bush,
hnds things unclaimed in this unha ppy case
Richard in published account OF his
variale luck, says the outcome of his feast
was ruined pair of pants.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

J. 4. Burgum. of Conkling returned last
Friday evening from q visit with his
brother and other relatives and friends IN
the Red River Valley. Az he left Mrs.
Burgum behind he will make another tip
soon. returning again abont March 1st,
with Mrs. B. and the baby. Mr.. Burgum
expects to put in an up to the limit aorege
seeding to wheat and oats the coming
season.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Editor 8croggs of the Bismarck Review
and Dan Burkholder the Tobacconist,
drove up to McLean's metropolis the fore
up looking after the remnants of the
power press that once upon time ground
out The Mclean County Mail.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08
nANpuErrEp THE COMMISSIONERS.

BANQUErTED THE COMldIsslONERs.
The Merchants Hotel management gave
a royal banquet to tho incoming and out
going county commissioners, in the dining
rooms OF the hotel, toward the hour of
midnight on Monday. Including the
eomu,iss onsrs-ddeand nowhere y re
covers laid for about thirty guests, and
ample il.tice vas done to the deer ribs.
turkey. wine, daintiss aud desert. It was
simply a merry and informal catering in
which snngs and toaats interspersed.
Clerk of Court Falconer paid q high en-
comium on tho averaged good qualities of
the Scandinavian people as builders of an
ina ustrial empire; Judge Miller spoke
about their good qualities as good neigh
bors and Mayor Baxter, . felicious after
supper talker, bordered on the realm of
eloqueuce in paying kindly tripute to
tho hos spitality of his host-''Klny John"
Doctor Forbes spoke of the great posi-
ailities in tho future of Mclean County.
and Auditor Johuson--in happy adenda
to the Doctos's speech. as subject ever
pulsstiny in his trsast-the Mclean
county girls. Of all the evenings ronud
of mirth-Txeaeurer Mann's mcclellan
cast OF face gave dreamy token of old
Nsbs feast il Babylon town. Merchant
Wahl dllsted in appropriate summary ou
the happy hits of his predrsessor and
tho Washbura stamp FOUNDER whiie in
evidence bearing how au ex- may sons-
times miss its mark--yet with deafeaing
acclain called on the old settlers of the
county to toll thesf story, sign 'hs old
timer roll and be ready for tho hand;
basket.
AZ the clock pssled the hour Of two
tho Joyous crowd diabanded for their
homss AID beds peaceful reposs.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

John Olson of Snake creek, was Wash
burn visitor and a LDADxs caller, Thurs
day. His brother who returned to South
Dakota some time since, has concluded to
rsmain their. MI. Olson, sr., father of
the boya-was one the famed "Norwsgen
settlement" now NecklinR, 8. D, the pio.
user Scandinavian farming community
of old Dakota Territory.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Attorney Geo. T.. Houghton. famed as
the pioneer lawyer of the Black Hills.
reached Washburn, Thursday, from the
Capital City. He frat went to the Black
Hills in the summer of 1876.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Wednesday afternoon, Manager Twee-
ton OF tn. washburu Mill company &C
compan,ed Mayor Baxter to Bismarck.
thence they would board the train for
FurKes Falls, Minnesota. Manager Twee-
"" ""1 " ""'oA' ""o"' '"''' s'A''
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

William Vim, Bismarck's cigar mann
facturcr and MIR. Swanaon partner with
Joe Katz in the reeteurant business at the
capital city. and Jacob Bureau. of Fal-
coner were at the metropolis Friday
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Paeto Ghamplin, Of Rsteline. 8. D.,
reached Washburn. Wednesday evening.
bound for brother Franks ranch, on the
Kneehouss bend of Snake creek.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Persons holding wolf bounty certia.
Gates should send them at once to the
State auditors Office for registration if
they expect to realize anything from their
holdings in this generation. See para
graph in another column for particulars.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

J, B. Eaton, Of Fargo, attorney. law
and dealer in real securities. came up
in John Whites livery rig, Sunday, from
the capital city, returning the next day
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Fine weather continued throughout the
~eek-balmy and springlike--ahd not a
speck OF snow in sight. Such Is the
weather situation in Washburn, January
7th. 1898.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Judge Bartels, of Turtle Lake. under
date Of Jan. 4th, writes: "Ernst Richard
. son of Nr. and Mrs. Fred Mellins, died,
on New Years day ut noon, It vas stck
only three days. Thsparsnt are~stricken
hard With sash quick bereavement. Age
of the child was sixteen months"
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Nj /ANTED-TRUsTwORT AND ACT
spensll,le, established honse in North Dakota
Nnnthly $C5 and expenses. Positions steady
rrferrnt'e. Enclose self-addressed stamped
enSelope. The dominion Company, Dept. NY
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1898-01-08

Twenty-four years ago the coming Feb
ruary. during terrific blizzard, two per-
sous sought shelter at the writer's place at
Painted Woods. One was Rock Golfer,
we'll known in early days here-who had
iust rstur" ed from Elm Point, where he
had failed to ''knook down" a promised
load of deer. His companion vas the
we'll known veteran ins,alogicsl expert,
Mccall the Miner. On asking the old
man Why he had vsutursd out from his
comfortable quarters at Elm Point, in
the storm then raging. he replied:
"Oh, Ibscame greatly interested in Mrs.
Slaughter's Amizonian Corps, and could
not wait up there all winter for the rext
installment!"
The "Amizonian Corps' was = ssrisl
story then ruxning In the Bismardk Tti-
buns from Mrs. Slau9htet's psn and some
how its interested readers had subeon-
sious idea that it was facts not fictlon.
she was writing. Tho characters por-
traysd were mostly femirine Red.
ribbons, Mrs. Whiteribbons and Mrs.
Blueribbons-or names like that-upper
crust butterflies bssking in oficisl
sunshine at military posts. Feminine
foiblss were graphically portrayed in
everyday life at Fort Otiza. ald as every
one in those days conceded both tn .
ability of the authorss. and her opportu-
nifty fer observation, msds her serial
faoiuating story or rather series Of en-
bsllished facts, and it is 20 be regretted
that the authorsss has not seen At to put
the Amizonian Corps in book form, and
We believe that her literary reputation
though perhaps in a limited asld-woald
have rested under serene skies.
But this Indian legsnd making business
ia a tree of different shade. Writers
on this subject should be we'll vsrssd in
the sorroborativs history Of the tribe in
which they propose to dress up in the
in order to smbelish som. fan
ciful ideas,-and at least have some
knowledge Of tho t:ibes' chief character.
estiss.
The authorsss of the Ziwinta legend has
q fair education and is creditable com po.
scr, though We fear she has not "rsad her
self up" very extensively on Indian Sub
jscts or history; her literary mind evident
" being in other directions. The LxADER
man felt he was tskin9a proper courss
in pointing out the discrepancy referred
to, before the book passed into tho bind.
er's hands, it being publishsd first in the
Tribune. snd aftsrward. in Col. Louns-
bsrry's Record without prscsptibls altera-
tion. Times have changed With
tho people Of these tribes that oonsti-
tute the inesptive .: this alleged ziwints
legend. Plain nsture's children have svol-
ved considerable artificial brain growth
in this present generation, many we'll s61s:
oatsd people with the dssty brand of their
race stamped uPon their face, yet who
are graduates of come Of our best COL
lsges. Their nativity and mother tongue
plass them in position % exscting critics
in matters pertaining to their people, his
torical, legendary or otherwise, and kindly
warming on this subject ought not 70 60
By those xho.s literary vers.t.
ility tempt entrance into the macy atmos.
phsrs and uncsrtsin paths Of the legend.
sry lorsof the red Indian Of this Upper
Aissonri country.