The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1898-05-24

<fAI - h4lE.
which was opposed by the Roman
Catholic members. who. voting on this
occasion with the Conservatives. caused
the Rejection Of the bill by PSI votes
against 2S4 March 11th.l Upon this
Mr.. Gladstone rendered his resignation
to her Majesty. and Mr.. Disraeli was
sent for: but as he declined 10 take
ofhce. Mr.. Gladstone. though with re-
luctance. undertook March I6i 10 re-
construct the Cabinet. In August. 1873.
immediately after the close Of the seS-
sion, the Cabinet was considerably re-
modelled, Mr.. Gladstone assuming the
CHARACTERISTIC Of the EXchequer. in adj
dltIon 10 his office Of First Lord Of the
Treasury. On January u. 1874. a fort
night before both houses We're to have
met for the despatch Of public bust
ness. Mr.. Gladstone took everybody by
surprise by announcing the Immediate
dissolution of Parliament. and issuing
his address To his constituents at
Greenwich, in which he promised t.
abolish the Income Tax. At the general
election which ensued, the votes were.
Tor the first time. taken by secret bal
LOT. The result proved most disastrous
to the Liberal party. The returns. com
pleted on February p. showed that 3o1
Conservatives had been elected and 3O2
Liberals, inclusive of the Home Rulers.
VINO. III point of fact. declined to iden-
tlfy themselves with either of the old
political parties. Mr.. Gladstone at once
resigned. and Mr.. Disraeli became
Prime Minister. In the session of 1871.
Mr.. GLADSTONE. who had been reelected
Tor Greenwich. was rarely to be seen
III his place III the House Of Commons.
i. but 1T its colSe he offered q persistent
i. opposition to the Public Worship Regu-
lation Bill. Even amid the turmoil of
political life, Mr.. Gladstone had de
voted Il portion of his time to literature.
His Eco Homo printed from nor!
Words. appeared III 1868; Il pamphlet on
the Irish Church question:. entitled A
Chapter Of Autobiography" was pub
lished November %, 1868: and "%.Juventu>
Mundi; the Gods and Men Of the Heroi,
Age: IN 1863. After his successful at
tempt to prevent the passing of the Pub
lie Worship Regulation Act. he contri-
huted To the Contemporary Review 70,
October. 1871. an article on "Ritualism."
which gave rise to an animated contrO-
ycrsy. In it he asserted that "Rom,
had substituted for the proud boast of
semper eadcm 4 policy of violence and
change in faith" that she had refur-
bished and paraded anew every trusty
tool which was fondly thought to have
dlSuSed,' that no one could become he,
convert without renOuncing his moral
and mental freedom. and placing his
civil loyalty and duty at the mercy of
another and that 'She had equally re-
pudiated modern thought and ancient his
tory Challenged by his Roman
Catholic friends to s~ubstantiate these
grave charges. Mr. Gladstone published
November Z. 1870, a bulky pamphlet
netitled The Vatican DEGREES in their
bearing on civil Allegiance: a Political
EXpositiOn.' which elected numerous
elaborate replies from Mgr. Capel. DR..
Newman. Archbishop Manning and 9th
'er distinguished members of the Roman
Catholic Church. Mr.. Gladstone's re-
ply to his opponents. published February
"A. 1875, is entitled "Vaticianism: An
Answer to Replies and Rreproofs.' Mr..
Gladstone followed up his attacks on the
Roman Catholic Church. in an article on
THE Speeches of Plus IN" in the Quar-
terly Review for January. 1873. On
January 13. 1879. three weeks before
the assembling of Parliament. Mr..
Gladstone announced in 4 letter to Earl
Granville. his determination to retire
from the leadership Of the Liberal party.
AT the age of siXty-tive.' he remarked,
land after forty-tWo years of 4 labOriOus
public life. | think myself entitled to re
tire on the present opportunity. This
retirement is dictated to me on my per
Solltl views tS 10 the pest l1lclUOCS Oh
spending the closing years Of my life"
Soon afterwards the Marquis of Hartine-
ton was chosen by the Liberal party to
he their leader in the House of Com
mons. Subsequently,, however, Mr..
Gladstone constantly took part IN the
discussions Of that Assembly. In 1876
he published "Homeric Synchronism: An
Inquiry into the Time and Place of
Homer and on September g, in the
same year, appeared his famous pam
phlet on Bulgarian Horrors and the
Questions Of the East" 1t was follow
ed March 13, 1870 by another pamphlet,
entitled Lessons in Massacre: An Elk
! position of the Conduct of the Porte in
and about Bulgaria since May, 1876"
Mr.. Gladstone took an active part III the
agitation respecting the masSacres in
Bulgaria, and strenuouSly opposed, both
i'll and out of Parliament, the policy of
the Conservative government. Whichc re-
suited in the Treaty of Berlin and the
signing of the Anglo-Turkish %conven-
ton. In the autumn of 1877, October
11-NOvember ID, he paid a visit TO Ere
land, and was presented with the free
dom of the city Of Dublin. On Noyem-
Der 10, in that year, he was elected Lord
Rector of the University Of Glasgow.
succeeding Lord Beaconsteld. Mr..
Gladstone sent a letter TO the President
Of the Greenwich Liberal Five Hun
! dred'' on March 8. 1878, stating that he
should represent the borough only until
The next general election. In the course
Of the year 1870 he contributed to the
British Quarterly Review an article on
The Evangelical Movement; its Parent
age, Progress and Issue and published
Il collection OF his fugitive writings IN
der the title of "Gleanings Of Past
Years Early III the same year, 1Sl3).
he had been invited to become the Lib
cral candidate for Midlothian. and tn.
browning incident of the electoral am
paign in the ensuing Parliamentary re-
cess was his visit to Scotland III con-
mection with his purpose of contesting
, that county at the general election. He
set out from Liverpool for Edinburgh OF
] November n, and from that date. with
[ L. Il -tr.A-ln1 - 1.nSt q 4 l. y L