davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23

Most of the adventurers outfitted at Victoria with provisions, canoes and mining implements. From there. even in so frail a bark as a canoe, containing three, four or five men, they set sail for Fraser River, which they ascended to one of the forts, and there, 'disembarlking, turned their faces toward the land of promise, loaded with their stores, and often hiring men to carry their canoes in which to cross the several lakes and streams that interposed on their weary journey. Often there were nu- merous portages to be made, over deep snows in freezing cold weather. These and numerous other difficulties were encountered, in a pleasing hope, which often turned to despair.
 Not one man in a hundred, after reaching the gold region, realized his expectations. The smallest number remained in the country, while the great majority. disappointed, dis heartened and impoverished, returned to California.
 WINFIELD J. DAVIS.
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23

street hill that the two men whose bodies were dangling from ropes each at the end of a beam were Casey and Cora.
 At Davis street was lined up a com pany of cavalry that covered not only that street but both sides of Drumm street, north and south of Sacramento. and through that line of uniformed men in black suits and black glazed caps and with drawn swords none were al- lowed to pass unless provided with the countersign. Within these lines were armed sentries and patrols of infantry while from behind the piles of sand bags that formed the barricade in front of the fort drowned six-pounders loaded to the muzzle with canister On the roof of the fort was an armed body of men and one with smoking linstock in hand stood by a swivel six-pounder that commanded the approach to the fort from three sides.
 Fronting the fort was a vacant lot used as a city dumping place Ranged in front of this and facing the fort was a company of infantry. while on Da- wis. Clay and Drumm streets were dis tributed infantry, so that these armed men formed a hollow square, while on the Drumm-s street side was a troop of cavalry. This distribution of force show ed that while the mass of the people were at the funeral service the vigilance minute men had been quickly sum rnoned and stationed and the mandate of the executive council as to the death penalty was carried out. The time and occasion were chosen so that at the mo- ment of execution there should be but few people present.
 ERNEST c. STOCK.
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23
Cang Sounded the Alarm Bell and We All Ran From the
 Church to Fort Gunnybags"

N all the exciting movements of the \ early '50s there was none more
 striking nor dramatic than the
 hanging of Casey and Cora by the
 Vigilance Committee. Casey had
 killed James King of William. and Cora had murdered United States Mar shal Richardson. The thrilling alarm bell of the Vigilance Committee rang out and the execution took place just as the funeral services of James King of William were going on.
 It was generally known that Casey and Cora had been condemned to death, but 1t was not known when the execution was to be carried into effect. The city was in mourning such as it had never been before and never has been since. With the exception of very few buildings that were controlled by individuals who were favorable to the Law and Order Party, an insigni- ficant organization that openly de- clared itself opposed to the methods of the Vigilance Committee. every house displayed emblems of mourning. The day for the funeral of James King of William, who had been a member of the Vigilance Committee of '51, was set for May p. and the place where the services were to be held was the church on the west side of Stockton street. between Clay and Sacramento.
 l was among the thousands of people gathered there to witness the funeral. The street was crowded and all who could be were admitted into the church edif1ce. Organized bodies of men rep
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23

Terry. arrested for stabbing one of the arresting officers, named Hopkins. pr. Beverly Cole saved Hopkins life. and so Terry was not hanged. Many night have I stood over him and al- lowed his wife to visit him.
 As the different trials progressed men were sent out of the State in steamers, with the prospect of death if they re- turned, and the death sentence was passed on Casey, Cora, Hetherington and Brace.
 Casey and Cora were in the County Jail. where they had fled for protection, but on the tap of the committeee's signal several thousand men formed and marched to the jail and surrounded 1t. Resistance was useless. The pris- oners were taken to the committees building, and while James Kings body was being taken to the grave Casey and Cora were hanging. Casey broke down just before he was hanged, and begged and pleaded like a child to be
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23

even New Guinea has been invaded by the seekers for easily gotten wealth. No doubt there is plenty of gold in New Guinea, but there are also sav- ages of the most ferocious character. to say nothing of malaria and divers other diseases. The result is that, though many miners have gone into New Guinea, but few have come out of it. and the gold yield from this un- explored country has not greatly add ed to the statistical returns.
 The southern portion of Africa, be- ing temperate in climate and within easy reach of Europe, has also attract ed many diggers. Gold has been found all through the country, and the Transvaal has proved especially rich, so that the mines around Johannes burg are famous throughout the world. The rush of gold seekers has SWamped the placid abode of the BOer farmers, and President Kruger and his conserv- ative followers, despite their strenuous resistance, are threatened with being overrun by the more vigorous Uitland- CTS
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23

and Hungary, though there Is one rec ord of a search for gold which history has immortaliZed. This is the cele- brated voyage of Jason and the Argo- nauts, in pursuit of the gold which ru- nor told them was to be found in the Caucasus.
 In more modern times the world had to depend largely for its supply upon Africa and India, whence the precious metal dribbled in small quantities. its source being hardly ever traceable. But when the Spanish conquest of South America opened this part of the world to European commerce, Peru and Bolivia, with their slave-worked mines, became the chief contributors to the worlds supply, and in later years the Oral Mountains in Russia yielded valuable returns of gold.
 However, though all these mines must at one time or another, have been discovered accidentally, nothing like a rush of miners ever occurred. For one thing the old mines, especially those controlled by Russia and Spain. were always proprietary affairs, and these nations would no more have dreamed of sharing the spoil with strangers than they would of abandoning their claim to the land. Another great diff ficulty was the lack of communication. The gold mines in Peru were worked for many generations before the rest Of Europe knew aught of the matter, and Spanish secrets were only disclosed by the rough-and-ready methods of Drake and his fellow adventures, who won their gold and silver by the simple process of capturing treasure-laden galleons. If PiZarros lieutenant, Orel- lana, had ever really discovered the mythical Fl Dorado, country of fab ulous wealth, supposed to lie some where between the Orinoco and Amazon Rivers, the future of South America might have been changed, for the rush of Northern adventures would doubt less have compelled even the close-fist- ed Spaniard to yield a portion of his jealously guarded territory,
 When the rush to San Francisco 1T search of the new Fl Dorado set in, th' Australian Government-the place was
 then but a crown colony-was sorely
 perpleXed. The land was but thinly
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23
BY AN EYEWITNESS.

resenting various societies were ranged in line around the church. During the time of the solemn services there was hush that was not broken until there was movement at the church door and 1t became apparent that the pail bearers were advancing with the cas- ket containing the remains of the hon Ored dead. All who could, moved to obtain a better view.
 At that very moment when thou sands of men stood with heads barred to show their reverence for the depart ed, there rang out on the still air sound that electrified every one
 Then followed a scene I shall never forget.
 A bell rang out. deep-toned. clear. Every one understood its meaning. It was struck with measured blows, one two-three-and as the echoes of the last stroke were sounding there, in that vast crowd. face turned to face with a look that was full of signifi- canoe. Every man who was a member of the Vigilance Committee knew that it was the alarm sounded by the alarm bell on the roof of Fort Gunnybags, the headquarters of the Vigilance Commit tee. They knew 1t was the call to duty
 In a moment every man who was a member of the committee tossed his re- galia to some non-member, stewards cast aside their wands and all started on a mad run for Sacramento street
 Joining the crowd l turned into Sac ramento street just in time to see two bodies drop from windows at the west ern end of the Vigilance Committee rooms.
 It needed no herald to announce to the crowd rushing down Sacramento
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23
y A. M. EBBETS, Chief Aid VeIopce Committee

The yield from the mines of this State had decreased; the pioneers of the Golden State were of adventurous cast: they were restless. and longed for a change to more promising fields.
 Within four months 1S.000 men, nearly one-sixth of all the voters in the State, went to Fraser River and many thousands of others were pre- paring for an early start. The confi- dent belief was that ''the good old times" of '49 were to come again. Servants threw up their positions, farmers and miners left their valuable properties, wages rose, houses and land fell in value and many believed that California would soon be left without a tenth of her population
 All this excitement arose, too. before any gold had been received in San Francisco. and before there was any direct and trustworthy evidence of the existence of paying diggings. The re- zion, too. was comparatively distant and inhospitable; the privations and dangers were only a little less than those encountered in this day by the voyagers up the Yukon.
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23

ton as to territory that had been therefore almost terra incognita The dissimilarity between the Califor- nia and Fraser River settlements was in the ending. The golden wealth of the California mines proved mex haustible; that of the Fraser placers an empty vision.
 Fraser River. is the principal stream of British Columbia, that after a flow of 800 miles empties into the gulf of Georgia just north of the international boundary. When the first news was received in California that rich dig gings had been found on the bar of the river, and that there were large tracts of excellent placers in the up- per basin of the stream" there had been but one complete survey and map made of tile region north of 49 degrees between the mountains and the sea.
 The most curious of all the coinci dences respecting Fraser River region was that it was the scene of Bacon's New Atlantis. And, if this were not enough to make it immortal in his- tory, Dean Swift also located here his
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23

Brobdingnag-that Is, if Gulliver is to be believed. According to his ac- count it must have been situated di- rectly on the Straits of Fuca. And when there was considered the pro portions of some of the stories that were sent down in the beginning by the pioneer adventurers at Fraser, par ticularly the account of their chief ar ticle of food, "clams the size of a kitchen bellows, which dried were used by the Indians for the double purpose of eating and fighting" the coincidence seemed to be complete.
 At the time of the gold discovery on the Fraser the territory was entirely under the control of the Hudson Bay Company They had their trading posts stationed at various points in the interior and on the seacoast. On the first influx of gold-seekers the Governor of Vancouver Island promptly adopted measures to secure to the British Government a royalty by imposing a license tax on the miners, and maintained the monopoly of the Hudson Bay Company by for bidding the importation of goods ex- cept through the company's agencies. Foreign ships were also forbidden to navigate Fraser River
 The news of the gold discovery in the north in 1858 was received in Cali fornia with thrill that was felt in every fiber of her political and indus trial organization. In the spring, when 1t was reported that rich dig gings had been found on a bar of Fraser River, that the yield was in large nuggets, and that there were large tracts of excellent placers in the upper basin of the stream. there was apparent foundation in experi- ence and reason for the report The conditions as described resembled those of the California gold regions.
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23
FAMOUS GOLD BUSHES.

. HOUGH the people of all na-
 tions. from the earliest times,
 have been determined in their
 search for the precious metal,
 the gold rush, as we term 1t now adays, is but a comparatively modern institution. The ancients were content to take life more easily and to gather in the gold when it came to them, rather than leave their happy homes to endure privation in the search of 1t. This was a task which the Ro- mans left to the barbarians of Wales
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23
FRASER RIVER GOLD RUSH


 coincidences in the various gold mining 'rushes' so far as re-
 late to their periodicity and re-
 suits. The news of the discov- cry of gold by Marshall at Coloma on January 24, 1S48, traveled to the East very slowly.
 It was just a decade of years after ward, in May. 1858. when the Fraser River excitement broke out. In 1868 came the White Pine rush, and now, in 1898, the Klondike fever has the sway.
 There Is a great correspondence in the relation of the three great gold mining levers - California, Fraser River and the Klondike-both as to order of time and as to circumstances. In each instance there was the same anxiety and eagerness for details, and the same fluctuating accounts from those who pioneered the way. There were the same extravagant stories, the same incredible hardships, and, more than all, the same ignorance and uncertainty concerning the region where the gold was supposed to lie Books, maps and newspapers were hunted through In quest of informa-
The San Francisco call., 1898-01-23
saved.

short time afterward Hetherington and Brace were hanged on a scaffold erected on Davis street, near Sacra- mento; and so ended the work of the Vigilance Committee of 1856.
 A. M. EBBETS.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1898-08-13
THE FATE OF MANILA
Philippine Capital Will Be Occupied
by American Soldiers and
Marines.
DIRECT COMMUNICATION
Arrangements to Send More Soldiers to
Merritt Cuban Junta Approves
the Armistice Between Spain
and United States.

Washington, Aug. 13.-It is expected
that the American occupation of Manila
will occur Immediately after the re-
ceipt by Admiral Dewey and Genera
Merritt of the orders sent them last
| night. American occupation of Manila
probably will result in the opening OF
direct cable communication between
that city and the outside world.
The only difficulty thus far has been
that the cable company would not recog-
nize American control of the cable SO
long as our forces were not in possession
of the city.
1t is probable that conquered stations,
like Puerto Rico and Manila. will re-
main under military government until
congress can act. AS to Cuba, it is
quite likely that as far as United States
authority is extended or averted it will
be through the secretary Of war and the
officers in Cuba under his direction.
Arrangements have been made to send
larger re-enfOrcements to General Mer-
ritt. With the troops already at Manila
and those which will arrive within a
few days General Merritt will have 49,
600 men. The 1000 troops at San
Francisco are to be sent forward as
rapidly as the transports can be OBJ
tained.
Cuban Junta Satisfied.
Washington, Aug. 13.-Senor Palma.
head of the Cuban junta, sent the fol-
lowing cable by way of Santiago: Bar
tolome Mazo, president Cuban republic,
Santiago, Cuba: IL have this 18th day
of August, 1898, accepted, in the name
OF the Cuban provisional government,
the armistice proclaimed by the United
States. You should give immediate
orders to the army throughout Cuba
suspending all hostiities. The prelim-
mary terms of peace, signed by the
representatives of Spain and the United
States, provide that Spain will reln-
quish all claim over and title to Cuba.
Assistant Secresary of War Meikle-
john has made the following statement
Pending giving the notice Of an armis-
tice through their official channels Senor
Palma desires our government to afford
him the means by fast sailing vessels
and otherwise to communicate with the
Cuban forces in the different portions of
the island, notifying them of peace pro-
posals and requesting a suspension of
hostlities. He greatly desires the ac-
tive assistance of our government in
sending food supplies to the Cuban
forces in the field and their families, as
he is without ship for this purpose.
They desire to cooperate in every re-
spect and assist in every way in pro-
noting the peace plans OF our govern
ment, and have undoubted confidence
in the good intentions of the govern
ment of the United States and in the
satisfactory outcome of the struggle for
the independence of Cuba, which is now
assured. He is especially anxious that
the American government should imme-
diately secure the release of all political
prisoners in Spanish prisons.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1898-08-13

I ing is 31X130. and in it We're a numbe +
of convictS at work turning out doors
and windows that would be a credit To-
any shop.
At this point the United States iail
was reached. where in the hospital de-
partment, propped mp in bed with pill
lows and fanI ed by a convict, was Will
lam Walters. cowboy. and bad man
from the WOOL Y west, pale, wounded and
defiant in appearance. The reporter,
hoping to get story Of some of his en-
ploits, approached him with the qucS-
ton:
Are you pain" and although he an
swered with an emphatic mo" it was
plainly to be seen that the effort To
frame the word hurt him.
did you rob the train?"
''There have been many train rob
beries?" he replied (which do You
mean.
''At Been?"
NO"
Where were you bOrn?'
II lived Is years in Arizona he an
Swered, evading the question.
who started the fight at the time of
your arrest?'
II reckon we did
Are You guilty?
Did you come here to get my con-
fession?"
NO
well, my lawyers. here he handed
the reporter a card bearing the name of
a firm at SOlOmOnvile, will look ont
for me-
''Well. if you were innocent why did
You attack the posse?"
''Broncho Bill" frowned at the re-
porter and said: 'Say, get out of here.
leave me alone. don't want to talk to
you. Being modest person the re-
porter cleared out promptly and left
William Walters alone in his misery.
Colonel Bergmann was met and was
asked,
do you think convicts should be al
lowed to remain in the city after being
discharged?'
mo, but once they step beyond the
prison my authority over them ceases.
AS soon as the rough element in town
see stranger with new clothes and
closely cropped hair they know he is
from the penitentiary and has S. in his
pockets, hence he is surrounded at once
by a bad element, and crime is likely to
result. | have induced the train to
stop in front of the prison in order that
they could leave here without going to
town. | think the city officers should
them to leave the city so soon as
seen
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1898-08-13
SUCCESSFUL CELEBRATION.
Santa Fe Rejoiced Over the Return of Peace
Until After Midnight-Patriotic
Speeches and Music.

Santa Fe was treated to an mpromptu
celebration last night, which for en-
thnsiasm and rejoicing has not seen its
equal in the territory in many years.
The news of the signing of the protocol
was received late in the afternoon. and
while the people We're rejoicing 40 DEM
onstration was made until late at night
Governor Otero was absent in Wash
ington and acting Governor Wallace
was in Santa Clara showing a party OF
strangers some of the attractions of this
country. The train bringing the cx-
cursioniSts back to the city did not
arrive until almost 9 o'clock. and as
Secretary Wallace was seated at the
dinner table he saw the news in the New
MEXICAN that peace had come. and ut
once all thought of fatigue was for
gotten. The band was at once ordered
ont, and soon after large crowd had
gathered in the plaza to celebrate the
country's victories on land and sea.
When the strains of Hail Columbia"
were borne over the town by the night
air, shouts of Joy went up from the
throats of all gathered in the plaza. 1t
was a genuine outburst of patriotism
and the citizens who slept on lost a
sight which will henceforth be a part of
the history of the city of Santa Fc.
During the music the ladies, headed by
Mrs. Wallace bearing an American flag
carried long ago in famous procession.
marched around the band stand and
encouraged the musicians
After repeated requests from promi-
nent citizens, Secretary Wallace con-
sented, in the absence of the governor.
to make brief speech. in which he
voiced patriotic sentiments that met
with the approval of all who heard him.
The secretary was followed by Colonel
knaebel, who touched upon the destruc-
tion of the Maine and reioiced that
peace had come again to the United
States. Sergeant Armijo, of the Rough
Riders" was then introduced. but he
modestly stated that he could not speak
on such an occasion after what he had
witnessed and begged to be excused.
The sergeant was followed by Mrs. Kate
Tannatt Woods, who by special request
recited "How Private Paul was Mus
tered Out" touching poem well lifting
to the occasion.
During the speeches the band played
patriotic airs. Mrs. Wallace and her
assistants then served lemonade and
cake, the bugle call was sounded, the
lights were turned out, and thus ended
one of the most enjoyable celebrations
ever held in the city of Santa Fe.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1898-08-13
Democrats in Conference.

The Democratic territorial central
committee met at the law Office of A. B.
Renehan, in Santa Fe, this morning at
/ / O'clock. In the absence of Chairman
Joseph, Rafael Romero, of Mora, pre-
sided, and Lorion Miller, of Bernalillo,
officiated as secretary.
There were 10 members and proxies
present, represented by j. A. Mahoney.
of Grant: Pinto Pine, of Dona Ana; H.
M. Dougherty and J. G.. Fitch, of So.
corro; Geo. L. Wylys, of Chaves; Geo.
Z. Gould and J. d. w. Veeder, of Las
Vegas; A. B. Renehan. of Santa Fc, and
the officers named. Delegate Ferguson
was also present in an advisory capacity.
After some informal discussion, 1t was
unanimously agreed that the territorial
convention to nominate candidate for
delegate should be held at Deming, on
Saturday, October 8. The apportion-
ment agreed upon is one delegate fol
each 100 votes or fraction over so cast
for Mr. FERGUSON at the last territorial
election. This will make the member
ship of the convention number 1888.