davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The herald., 1898-12-01
DEVELOPMENT OF STREET RAILROAD LINES.
Wonderful Increase in Mileage Within the Last Decade
How the West Is 0utstripping the
East in This Particular

there are no figures that cover the
ground.
It has been estimated that the in
crease in the value of property in New
York state, caused by the extension Of
street railway lines, amounts to abont
$500, 000, 600, and for the country at large
the increase is probably as great.
Between 1890 and 1897 there was an
other great improvement that has been
an important factor in contributing to
the utility of the roads-namely, the
change from horsepower TO electric
ity. The change began, of course, long
before that, but in 1890 some 5,661 miles
of track out of q total of 8,123 was
operated by horses or mules. To-day
only the very minor lines in certain
of the cities employ this archaic mo-
tive power These are lines that have
never paid largely and probably never
WILL or else lines that are waiting for
the population to grow their way.
The electric system is used on 13, 3,765
miles, while the cable system Is only
used on 539 miles. This would seem
to indicate that the electric road is the
road of the future. The motive power
of some 567 miles may be grouped un-
der the head of miscellaneous. This
covers the elevated lines of the east-
ern and central states, of which there
are a considerable number, and the
delectable dummy lines of the south.
where street railway development is
backward.
A recent issue of the Stree. Railway
Journal prints very interesting map
that shows just how the street rail-
way mileage and capitalization is dig
The herald., 1898-12-01

It may be said that from no other
of his conveniences does the dweller
in the city derive more benefit than he
does from the street railway. These
benefits come to him in the saving of
time and strength, and on the whole
they come cheaply enough.
The work of supplying the public
with this easy and rapid means of get
ting about has been responsible for a
wonderful development and expan-
sion.
In 1880 the street railway mileage of
road in the cities of the United States
was some 1850 miles. These are the
figures that were given in the tenth
census, and at the time 1t was consid-
cred a quite respectable showing;
within the next ten years, however,
the mileage Of track reached 8,122
miles, indicating what the activity was
in the projecting of new lines and the
extending of old ones; but greater
development was to come. By 1897 this
S123 miles had become 15,71S miles,
while the number of cars had in
creased from 32,505 to 51.53s, and the
end is not yet.
The greater part of this wonderful
Increase that came between 1890 and
1897 was in the smaller towns and
cities, or in the suburban and country
districts. In the latter case, just what
this growth has meant in the way OF
opening up and rendering ,habitabSe
localities lying adjacent to the cities,
can easily be imagined; unfortunately
The herald., 1898-12-01
Workmen's Accidents.

DR.. Wolff of Strasburg, probably one
of the best authorities in Germany on
workmen's accidents, has been investi-
eating some interesting and important
questions. First, on what day of the
week do most accidents occur? Sec
ond, at what hour of the day? DR..
Wolff bases his generalizations on 1,071
cases of accidents which happened in
his own district during 1897. Mondays
and Fridays are the days when most
accidents occur, because, according to
his statement, the drinking shops are
most frequented by workmen on the
days previous viz, Saturdays, Sundays
and Thursdays. Fewer accidents hap
pen on Tuesday than on any other day
of the week, because on no day are
drinking houses so empty as on Mon
day.
With reference to the hours Of the
day, DR.. Wolff states as an undoubted
fact that the hours after breakfast.
dinner and the afternoon rest ere those
signalized by most accidents. He at
tributes this to lassitude caused by
the work of digestion, and to the use
made by men of intoxicants during
meal times.
He also establishes the fact that in
factories where the meal hours are
greatly curtailed there is an excess of
accidents over the factories where the
men are more literally treated in this
respect. If DR.. VOLTS statistics can be
corroborated by extending these in
vestigations to larger areas, temper
ance reformers will be in possession of
another powerful argument.
The herald., 1898-12-01

tributed throughout the United States,
and the relation the former bears to
the population Of the various states
and sections.
From this map 1t will be seen that
the western states are, in proportion
to their population, wonderfully we'll
supplied with street railway facilities.
They have one mile of track 10 every
3,400 of population, while the central
states show but one mile of track to
every 4,30O of population.
In the southern states, where there
has always existed strong prejudice
against patronizing "the poor mans
COACH" there is only one mile of track
to every 10000 of population.
The eastern states, of course, lead,
with one mile of track to every 1900
persons, though it is doubtful if the
roads of this section can compare with
those Of the middle and far west In
the way of equipment.
The probable reason for the fine
showing made by the west in the mat
ter of mileage Is that, though the pop
ulation is comparatively small, a large
percentage CT 1t Is urban. The west has
also had q tendency to overbuild
which is not true of the central and
eastern states, where roads are seldom
projected that are not needed.
The individual states that are mos.
backward in their street railway con-
struction are Mississippi, which has
64,500 persons to every mile of track
and North and South Carolinas, which
come next, with $1,000 and 25,60O OF
population to every single mile of track
within thair hnrdors
The states that make the best show
ing are, oddly enough, California and
Washington. These states have one
mile of track to each 1.500 of popula-
ton, which puts them in the lead OF
the best equipped eastern states-Mas-
sachusetts, New Jersey, Rhode Island
and Connecticut.
1t is rather surprising to find such
states as Utah and Oregon boasting q
better service than New York, Penn
sylvania and Illinois, but this is the
case.
The present rate Of increase of mile
age in the New England states is Ii
The herald., 1898-12-01
Copyright, 1898.

per cent, in the eastern states 13 per
cent, in the central Sh in the western
states 1 per cent, while in the south
there Is an actual decrease Of / per
cent reported.
In the matter of earnings the Union
Traction Company of Philadelphia
heads the list. Its gross receipts for
last year were $10,4S0,646. The two
roads that come next are the Manhat-
tan and Metropolitan of New York
City; each earned in excess of nine
millions. The West End Company and
the Chicago City Railway of Boston
and Chicago, respectively, make the
next best showing.
Twenty-six street railway companies
earned one million dollars or more,
nineteen earned between that sum and
five hundred thousand dollars, and
forty-six between five hundred thou
sand and one hundred thousand dol
lars. Iifty-one earned between one
hundred thousand and fifty thousand.
and thirty-three between twenty-five
and fifty thousand dollars.
The total gross earnings of the 1I5
roads was $113, ,S94, 1903.
In the single state of New York, out
of the approximate of S29,000,0 600 gross
some $19, 600 coo are returned to the en-
ployes in the shape of wages, while the
stockholders get but about $3,400O 900 in
the way of dividends
Taking New York state as n cri-
terion, we find, according to the report
of the railroad commissioners, that in
1896 thirteen passengers, seven en-
poyes and fifty-one others were killed
by the street railways, or one person
for each 9,3SS,25S passengers carried.
The popular idea is that accidents
were practically unknown prior to the
introduction of rapid transit. This is
very great mistake, for in 1887 the
street railways were responsible for
the death of one person for each $685.
GAG passengers handled, while the per-
centage of the injured was greater than
in 1896: nor has the increase of speed
increased the danger to foot traffic.
Accidents of this class show a decline
of 80 Ia per cent between 1887 and 1895.
.l.,l Copyright, 1898. ~ .E
The herald., 1898-12-01

There has never been q winter in the
whole history of American indoor sport
that held out such brilliant promise in
the field of amateur billiards as the
coming months forecast. Unorganized
hitherto. this game, in which individ-
ual skill and repute is rapidly increas-
ing. has within the past year taken on
a national character. 1t has been made
one of the interests Of the Amateur
Athletic Union of the United States.
better known as the "A. A. u" Grad
ually, the foremost players OF the coun-
try have Joined the Union, minor
matches have been played. (distribut-
Ing the cracks somewhat in the order
The herald., 1898-12-01

The reduced facsimile shows the
front page of the first American news
paper to be issued in Manila. From the
editorial note we see that it has start
ed with a success that many a similar
enterprise in the mother country might
envy. The sheet has four pages, 21
inches by IA inches, and is neatly
printed, though the number of ms with
the Spanish "tilde" makes a new font
from the States an early necessity. The
second and third pages are mostly de-
The herald., 1898-12-01
i Page Of the New American Newspaper Published in Manila.

hotels advertise American cookery
The Alhambra, american Atlantic
Garden" is evidently popular resort,
and the Philippine theater announces
the philippine Acrobats" for it's grand
opening. Many Spanish merchants,
with an eye to the main chance, have
overcome their prejudices and adver-
tise their wares, while the back page
is one glorious "ad." of a trading
company, the first American firm in
Manila" which quickly sent an agent
from China, and is able to supply many
The herald., 1898-12-01

vantage OF it and the Commits
sion extends a hearty welcome
to all who care to visit them.
Entertainments Of a light na.
ture will be given from time to
time. Their first service will he
held Sunday at 1890 A. NJ. and
in the evening at z o'clock Chap.
lain Stevenson of Idaho will
oonduot song service. Chaplain
Cressy of Minnesota will preach
in the morning.
Tho american Solatsy IS on sale
in the Commissions tent, the
proceeds from commissions to be
ustd to defray the expense of
placing the paper in their tents
back in the States.
The herald., 1898-12-01

voted to the gossip Of the regiments.
The news of the Second Oregon, Tenth
Pennsylvania, Thirteenth Minnesota,
Third Regular and Utah Volunteer Ar
tillery, and the Twenty-third Regular
Infantry, give an insight into the lives
of the soldiers. Many of them are en-
ploying their spare time in becoming
familiar with the opportunities of the
country. The advertisements are in
teresting. One enterprising pioneer
formerly of San Francisco) has opened
the American Eagle" saloon. The
The herald., 1898-12-01
AMATEUR BILLIARD PLAYERS WILL ORGANIZE
National Tournaments Arranged for the Coming Season
Which Promise Brilliant Results and Will determine
to Whom the Championships Should Co.

city tournaments Of 1895, 1896 and 1893
(the victor in the latter after playing
off the tie above mentioneO, also the
winner of the prizes for high run and
the highest general average IN the first
national handicap tourney of the A.
A. y. (held last spring) DIR. l.. l.. MiaI
of New York. Arthur r. Townsend and
DIR. A. B. Miller of New York, and
Frank l.. Keeney of Brooklyn.
These players are closely enough
matched to make the outcome Of this
tournament exceedingly doubtful, and
vet there are some who are picked to
stand high at the flnal Such are DIR.
Mial, who was the winner of the ma
tional handicap tourney above men,
toned, DIR. Miller, who holds the record
at amateur 14-inch balk line for high
run in tournament play (Mial, Miller
and Stark finished tied in this tour
ney of last spring, Stark winning the
play-off), and Arthur r. Townsend,
who ran second to Orville Oddde, jr., in
the old, so-called national champion
ship at the New York Racquet club in
1883. Townsend is perhaps the most
likely winner in class b. He has aver
aged nearly IL at 14-inch balk line and
has run 1873. In 1895 he played $50 to
Byron Stark's 300 and in 1896 1926 to the
latter's 270.
Besides these men Taylor of Chicago
and Norris of st. Louis, two very
strong amateurs, may enter, and there
are hopes of Pittsburg ''crack" whose
name cannot be divulged at present.
The Knickerbocker Athletic Club
theater, where these tournaments will
be played, is exceedingly spacious. This
club was formerly the Manhattan Attn
letic club of New York, the CHERRY
Diamond" The theater arranged for
these matches, will accommodate about
1000 people. Five thousand clubmen
in New York and adjoining cities are to
be sent cards of invitations.
CROMWELL CHILDE.
At the annual meeting Of the ANA
teur Athletic Union of the United
States, held in November, 1897, that
body decided that billiards like other
athletic games required the superin-
tendence of national body for several
purposes first. to maintain the purity
of amateur billiards, second, to stimu-
late the interest in amateur billiards
by establishing tournaments and awak-
ening the interest and ambition Of
young players, and. third, to put into
permanent form (as only q national
body CAM the records of all amateur
billiard contests for future reference or
comparison.
AS the expense of clerical work done
The herald., 1898-12-01
Peace treaty

The conditions incident to the
peace treaty with Spain are ,he
complete evacuation of Cnba uud
Porto Rico by tho Spanish: The
United States will retain one is.
land in the Ladronss and will hold
tho city. and bay. of Manila until
such time as the peaoe treaty
has been formerly ratified, 40.
cepted and signed. No money in.
dsmnity will be asked for by
President Mckinley.
The herald., 1898-12-01

familiar articles of food and drink to
the grateful soldiers. The American
Soldier is for the nonce we'll named.
but the time is not far off when it
must be devoted principally to the in
terests of the civilian; but it's name
should always contain in part it's pres
ent title as reminder of the circum-
stances under which the first Ameri-
can newspaper in the Philippines was
established.
The herald., 1898-12-01
ARMY AND NAVY CHRISTIAN
COMMISSION

The Army and Navy Christian
Commission erected their big tent
at the South end Of the arch
bridge from the Escoltn, Tuesday.
They furnish free writing mate'
rial, etc., and plenty of Ameri-
can periodicals for reading. A
pleasant afternoon or evening car
be spent at tho tent by any o
the boys. Many are taking ad
The herald., 1898-12-01
THE STREET CAR STREE

The striking street car men
have been replaced by others and
the trouble feared on this account
has blown over. The armed guards
have been taken off the cars and
everything is:how running SMOOTH
ly.
By Aguinaldo's orders, a saw
mill north of town was not allow
ed to be operated Monday. A
small squad from Co. G. I3 tn
MINI. started the .wheels runningh
egain.
The Olympia, Concord, Boston,
and Raleigh have been to Hong
kong and gone into dry. dock. All
have returned. The Petrel will be
the next to 60.
The q. S. Gunboat Petrol left
for Hongkong Thursday carrying
mail for the States.
The herald., 1898-12-01
Manila Philippine Islands, September II, 1898

US. If SO how many pounds we
can take and also if there will
be duty to pay ON the contents
ETC., and oblige.
X. T..
We advise that you take this
matter up with your captain, who
will, no doubt take it up in turn
with his colonel, and obtain The
information you ask.
Ed.
The herald., 1898-12-01

The shovel fish is so called because it
uses it's nose to turn over the mud at
the bottom of the sea in quest of the
worms and small shellfish on which IT
feeds.
The herald., 1898-12-01

|. Lost.-Fox terrier dog with
collar bearing inscription, J. Kenn.
|edys "Jinks." Suitable reward
will be paid for his return at the
|Hong-kong and Shanghai Bank.
The herald., 1898-12-01
POST OFFICE AT cAvITI

A Post Office has been es,a.
blished at Cavite to be known as
United States Military Station
No. 1, e. F. CAL, Cavite, P. l,
1T. g.. g. Jennings has been ap.
pointed Postmaster.
rhe American Soldier can al.
ways be obtained at the Alhambra
in Manila and at r. F. Gray's
Cavite.
Private Brown--What do Won
think Of hardtack?
Private Jones-Well, it's a strong
argument in favor. of universal
peace.
Mr.. Aguinaldo. a somewhat
erratic and swell headed gentle
man of Manila, has a gold whistle
but it does not necessarily follow
that Uncle Sam must come when
he blows it.
~-Mpls. Journal.
WILL CLEAN Our THE Town
Cleveland LesdefA
Admiral Dewey has put in a
requisition for 10000 pounds OF
soap, and there is sure to be a
lively exodus of Dons from Ma.
Mia as soon as they hear that
he has got it.
Halifax, N. s. July 28. The de.
cision of the court of inquiry gi-
ven here to-day exonerates Cap.
tain Henderson and the. officers
of the ship Cromartyshire from
all blame in the matter of the
Bourgogne disaster.
Chicago Record--A Cautions
Opinion-What do you think of
the Philippines.
The herald., 1898-12-01

Capt. Bjornstad of Co. H.
13 tn Mimi, has been offered and
has accepted O first Lieutenancy
in the regular army.
The herald., 1898-12-01

Thursday was moving day at
the Provost Marshall's Office. The
Spanish Authorities have been
given permission to remove their
effects: papers, etc.
The herald., 1898-12-01
Manila. Sen. "a III r8oS.

Manila. Sep. 13 tn 1898.
To the Editor of The American
Soldier:
Will you please discuss. through
your paper, for the benefit of the
boys as to whether we will be
allowed to take boxes home with
The herald., 1898-12-01

The Arizona is expected to
arrive within few days, although
it is possible that this boat may
have been turned back.
The herald., 1898-12-01

An Illinois regiment deserted
in a body. when the order for
their embarkation for Porto Rico,
was counter-manded. They had
waited SO long, that they decided
to quit. They should have studied
the example of the regiments left
in Camp Merritt, particularly the
Seventh California, First Wash-
ington and Twentieth. Kansas,
which were among the first to
60 into camp at San Francisco
and are still there.
The herald., 1898-12-01

~ think they will keep on
being islands.
The herald., 1898-12-01

The Rio Janeiro is to leave
tor San Francisco within q few
days. Mail will be dispatched on
her.
The herald., 1898-12-01
EDITORIAL
OUR FIRST ISSUE

We had decided before hand
that The american Soldier void
be a success but our fondest ex.
pectations never lead US to hope
for the magnificent reception that
followed our first appearance. The
first edition Of one thousand was
exhausted ten hours after it was
placed on sale. Orders for more
papers, came thick and fast, and
it was finally decided to print
5000 more. They have all gone,
with the exception Of several hun.
dred, which we are holding back
for those who want one or two
copies to preserve. A bundle of
500 was taken to Hong Kong and
the same number sent out to the
feet. Of course there is but one
reason for this fattering receps
tion. The first American paper
published in the PHILIPPINE Islands,
was a souvenir Of our occupation
of Manila, that every on. must
have and was an excellent thing
to send the folks in the States.
Two big newspaper sacks OF the
paper were sent out by the Postal
authorities. The hard working edi.,
tors, heartily thank the American
soldier boy.
The herald., 1898-12-01
TEE AMERICAN SOLDIER
Ell ESPANOL OFFICE
Manila

THE AMEsIcAN
PUBLISHING Co.
Published Weekly.
Pap,rs five cents each, in Ameri-
can coin.
Subscriptions not accepted.
Communications and manuscript
addressed as above will be glsdy &C.
cepted and given prompt attention.
Advertising rats on applic.tion.
The herald., 1898-12-01

Copyright, 1898.
The Anaconda standard., 1898-03-03
THE INDIAN HEAD DOOMED.
4 Famous Landmark OH the Palisades TO
BE DESTROYED,

OH tie tifSd0SS
BE Destroyed,
From the New York Journal
After a few weeks of quiet tho neigh
borhood of Fort Lee is again to be
shaken by the explosions that are
gradually tearing away the historic
Palisades. And this time the vener-
able old Indian Head, the famous giant
sentinel of the Hudson, is to be blown
to pieces.
1t will be the greatest blast that has
occurred along the Palisades and one
Of the greatest the country has ever
seen II will hurl OVER $50 600 tons Of
rock into the air and gut from the face
of that grand old wall its most promi-
nent and massive projection.
Indian Head is familiar to all who
know the shores of the Hudson Ii
stands out boldly from the tall cliffs
that rise above the river and is a
most famous landmark. 1t is opposite
1nWood. and just few rods north of
the great blast of less than four years
ago that destroyed Aashington's Col
umn. 1t gets its name from the fact
that when viewed from up the river
1t shows in colossal outline human
profile, with a great rounded top. re-
sembling the head of an Indian chief.
There are many local legends in con-
nection with it.
Just north and ercling around to the
top of the head are the famous Wash
ington Steps. UP which George Wash
ington climbed with his troops after the
disastrous battle af Long Island. The
steps are rugged and picturesque, and
lead across Indian Head to what was
Washingtons Column before the blast
ing began, but what is now an ugly,
shattered face Of rock.
When Indian Head shares the fate of
its brother cFag there will be no mighty
aud 1iGtinrfiXtfa n hat ftls st5
of the Palisades, and all the majesty
of the grand old cliffs will have passed
away.
The contractors are at work now III
preparation for the gigantic shot" as
they term it, which is to remove the
Head. The part they intend 10 blast
away will begin some yards up the cliff
within 100 feet Of The top. and include
all that projects from the general line.
That makes a mass of rock almost 200
feet high. 200 feet from north to south
and so feet from east to west,
A 1a-foot tunnel is being dug into the
face of the rock AT the center of is
base, with an opening of some % square
feet. Ii will meet a similar tunnel
passing directly across the rock FROM
side to side.
When all the drilling and tunneling
are completed the cavities thus formed
will be loaded" with dynamite 1t will
require nearly 10000 pounds of the ter
rife explosive to fill them. The entire
blast will be set off simultaneously by
electricity
Ii will be by far the greatest blast
that has been made. and the display
at the time Of the explosion will be
we'll worth going far to see. One does
not often have an opportunity Of see
ing great $50 000-ton column of rock
hurled high UP in the air at single
blast