davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
rlr.t n.eord m In,lln nubh.r.

Tie first record OF India rubber was
made soon after the discovery OF tho
HeW World by Columbus. The Old
World rubbers were still unknown.
During TIE second voyage OF Colum-
bds II was noticed that the inhabit-
ants Of Hispaniola tHaytn T.Aycd
with balls made from the gum OF a
tree. This was 400 years ago, Tor
quemada mentions. for the Arst time
the name OF rubber tree That was
the ulc tree OF Mexico-Castilloa elas-
tic-yielding Central American rub
Der.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
rn. nl.L el nsInr Mara.r.a.

About 1000 murders occurred In
England and Wales during the last
period OF Ave years for which facts
ars available. There were. during the
same time, nearly iGOOOOOOO persons
of ull ages exposed 10 the risk OF beinS
murdered. that is 10000, 600 In any oos
yeaf The yearly risk OF being mar-
derod Is. therefore. only the ysry
small degree Of probability expressed
By the odds OF one TO 10000 and Il
a lifetime be counted as 100 years. the
chance Of being murdered some tine
ls only one Ia i.50o.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
Living without iIsr.

Ills itc-You would not have half
the nervousness you do II you would
give up smoking
Himself Oh, couldn't live with
out my pipe.
Ills wife yes you could You told
Mile Perry you could not live With
out her before you met me
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

The ambulance built especially for
dogs and small animals aud the only
Que Of its kind In the world. has been
put In use In the veterinary department
% the University Of Pennsylvania. The
exterior OF the palace car dog wagon
IN decorated on each side with Wig
nette Of grand-lOOklng st. Bernard
aud the inside Go covered with rem0y-
able antlseptic pads 10 guard against
contagious diseases In order 20 avoid
belligercnt encounters between the In
iured four-footed patients OF this tray'
cling hospital Il has been provided
with movable slides. so thai the tn
terror can be- divided into various sized
compartments Il contains also cagei
attached TO the top and slices for pei
birt ana poultry
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

iiow Oid Note. Are Destroyed sna Nsv
Notes Are Made

nv ANNNf
In the treasury department 40 Wash
ington nearly a million dollars OF Old.
worn-out paper money is destroyed
daily. Before II o. destroyed. however.
10 ia counted by several persons 10 as
60 guard against errors and the amount
IS carefully noted. The money IL dis
posed OF In large iron receiver thht
looks like two great pans With their
edges shut together There d door
10 the receiver that is locked With
three locke and each lock requires a
different kind Of key. In accordance
with the law. three men are appointed
10 witness the destruction Of the
money. and 10 each one OF them ~
given a key 10 the receiver; no one OF
them Be- allowed to lend his key TO
either OF the others or 90 anyone else.
During the day. at the hour agreed
upon. the three men meet. and with
their several keys unlock the receiver
and open a. Then they put the money
into H. close the door, and again So
curcly lock the three different locks
This done. water IL let into tho re-
ceiyer through n pipe and a machine
inside beats and grinds the thousands
of dollars OF old money into a very
Hno pulp. which e. afterwards used for
making new paper New paper bills
arc printed 10 take the place OF the
ones destroyed. The paper used Tor
making paper money lB made In large
sheets and every sheet Is carefully
counted One by one the sheets are
moistcnod and put under press,
where a stamp makes an imprint OF
one color only. on one side; they are
then put aside until dry; when dry
they are again molstened and again
put under a press. and another imprint
of different color ls made Ihe
printing process Is repeated until All OF
the colors ~ both sides have been I'm.
printed. then the sheets are dried ana
subjected TO great pressure to make
them perfectly smooth. Several bills
arc printed az one time on each sheet
and when tho sheets are finished the
bills are separated and trimmed by
machinery. The separate bills are
then given to a queer little machine
90 be- numbered. the machine changes
lts number every time II makes an I'M
print. and thus no two bills OF the
same Kind have the same number on
them ID. V. =.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

Baron Cuyicr the renowned natural.
ist then only rs, accepted situation
AIS tutor in a family living near BE-.
camps in Normandy The house was
near the sea. and ho often strolled on
me bank One day be- found strand.
"a cuttle nsh. lle TOOK % home. dls-
soctod lt and began then the study ol
Wolluscae. in which ho won such o. rep.
u'ation. The ocean was hls text book
This was his opportunity to learn from
the book Ry embracing tho oppor.
tunitlos offered in bis three years rest.
dence by the sea be- became ono Of ~,
shlnirg tights in natural hlstor,
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
urssL war statlsiie.

according TO official statistics, b5. ifa
os the liSii2 Greeks called upon q
serve In the recent war managed ~
get themselves excused for sotp'
reason or other; G3.iOI really we~,
under arms In the regular army. BE-
sides these. a volunteer force OF S,23i
was enlisted. 7,s32 OF whom were fOi'
elgners and but $50 GreekA Tn
Gretka lost In killed on the battle
field altogether ess men. including =
e1rers.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

The Canary club OF Vienna has open.
ed canary exhibition In that city.
Tho club is trying 90 foster canary
raising among working people, ~ ah
easy method ot increasing the income
OF the poor The exhibition numbers
about 1900 native canaries and more
than zoo of the Dutch variety.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
Good rosi,,an. secured.

stenographers bookkecpers. sales
men. clerks. teachers or any first class
help wishing positions wire write OF
call Southern Business Exchange ropm
40 Biuz building Houston. Texas.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

Parties wanting FIRST class heip such
as stenographers. book keepers. sales
men. clerks or teachers will do we'll TO
wire, write or call Southern business
Exchange. room 4iO BlnE building.
Houston, Texas.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
ui. wa, out

Me Grayes-Wcll, you might be &C.
clahle aud laugh now and then, when
I tell you a good thing, I am sure
II you were 10 say something clever
You would expect me to laugh
Mr Grayes-Oh, no. my dear I
shouldn't expect you 20 understand
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

IN the American Museum of Natural
History. In Central Park. Now York.
the skeleton uf an ancient American
rhinoceros found in au old rigor-hed
In Phillips county Kansas has been
mounted ~ measures lo feet inches
10 length aud Z feet ! inch lu hcIrht
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

Zach letter carrier ot india bias "a
aus = six miles and at 'he sul % DO
is relieved hy another .sruer Nhl az
onre begins hIs rlu Thus the mail
ts conveyed over usnrfu'ous sections
n eomgsratiyely qI ape
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

I'm surprised john. said aa old
lady when she lound het butler help
Ing himself 10 some of htr rnrs' old
port. so am I. ma nm, wls the calin
itPly; Il though; sou was gone out"
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
sought a word

II want some word. said Rivers.
dipping his pen In the ink for the
third time, that Is the exact opposite
OF overcome what Is the matter
With undergog" suggested Brooks.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

on shore they should make use Of the
same appliances as they have for the
sea- and yery often the result o. both
curious and striking as in this pie.
ture one will observe that dogs are
supposed 90 assist In pulling the bun.
dies Of logs hut there can be- mo- doubt
that the force OF the wind alone %
enough 10 urge along the curious
slcdgcs on whlrh the invr 400 loaded
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

u careful OF what you do in the
world many eyes may watch you and
note many OF your movements.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

Clean blood means a clean skln. No beauty
without IL. Cascarcts, Candy CtthartIc
cleans your blood aud Keeps q clean. by
wiring up the lazy liver aud diving uIl ini.
purtIcs from the body. Begin to-day to
hanlfh p.uples, holls, b'oichts, black heads,
SUD that tlety bilious complexion by taking
tafcarcu. Noauty for ten cents All drug,
glsts, faiisfaAt.oa guaranteed, Zoe, .lc. co.,
Business and friendship DO rot al
Ways abide together
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

Buckles and belts still attract th,
most attention. Twisted serpents ar,
favorites the head having polished
ruby or sapphire set IN. Enamel
buckles are fayoritea, those IN blue be-
ing perhaps the prettiest. Small pear
and diamond buckles are made oblong
oval circular and heartHhnpe
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

J. NJ. DeIacy writes n can assure you that
IN no single Instance has ur. Monett'a
TrEruiNA tfeethinE powderai proved fail.
everything known 20 ua aud old women anu
TEEfuiNA II pre-cminently q success and
blessing 20 mothers and children
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

FIr., uIa.. II.In rnrnl.h.a

Fish dealers are always lucky on
Fridays.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

The collar necklace Is the only one
worn nowadays. one beautiful on
was made OF seven large table emer'
aids, each set In diamonds arranged
alternately with lovers knots. A cir
cular band OF four-leayed clovers ar
ranged alternately with the stems W
and down. each leanet coming from O
trio OF sapphires, is another lovely col
lar.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
NEW JEwELRY.

The Parlslan jewel dealers are al
ways inyenting pretty and novel orna-
ments TO attract their fair customers
and one Of their latest is wide scroll
arrangement through which Is drawn
the velvet ribbon band, now worn
about the neck The scroll does not
lie on the folds. but around them, and
is sometimes made OF two twisted ser.
pents or again OF flower stems. the
flowers forming the central ornament
OF the necklace.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

A smile is only a laugh with the
noise left out
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

The butterfly fan is one of the iales,
noYeltleA
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

Educate Your Bowels with Casoareis.
Candy Catharilc, cure constipation forever,
iOc.a5c. lfI.CC. fail, druggists refund money
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

Men marry maldens. but they are
married by widows.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

The beltpln Is quite allowable and II
seen IN plain gold and again fet witt
some jewel. Watches just sent oyel
are beauties. Many have the backi
enameled IN Duharry pink or seyrei
blue. framed In diamonds or pearls
little touches OF the same color re-
appearing In the true lovers knot fast
cning the gem 10 the bodice. Crimson
and dark blue enamel shading 20 loo,
like huted satin are also popular TIT
very latest thing Il the globular watch
with a slice on where the face 10 se
IN,
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

one cynical at s7 is apt to be foolish
Al 40.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

lnnumerable trlnkets are made o
black steel watches. pins. brooches
shirt studs. cigar eases. parasol han
dles. button-hooks fact, HtmUE
everything, The fayorite decoration
for this black steel Is tiny diamond
p.ints or stars.
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17

ieh are put on and on the beach In
ponderous surf-boais padded by the
Africans. aud u has heroine rerog-
nised rule that n you do not dash
your boat boys n dollar they are quite
40 liberty 10 have an accident with YOU
Tho canoe IN the initial photograph u
the native idea Of suitable craii
quito a different vessel from the white
mans II Is dug out from a cotton
Wood tree and has ~ frecboard raised
forward by the planking from paraiin
cases 10 help Il 10 ride drily through
she rollers Tho Accra men have q
E-nlus for getting on through surf
which no white man ever p0ssessed
Perhaps the curious shape OF their
threo-splkod paddles has something 90
DO With this They say the reason the
paddles are made this way b. for ju.ju.
which means witchcrafi. which stands
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
Especial IatlerI

iNhA, the scat ui
tho government of
the Gold coast has
n surf beach ex-
posed 10 the whole
swing VI the At
lintic aud the op
eratlous OF landing
there may usually
be- described as am
phibious The white
man aud his chat
The Eddy current., 1898-09-17
OVER SNOW AND ICE.

an Newfoundlaadors being born
sailors, they thing that when they are
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
MONEY AND INVESTMENTS.
Doinqs Of a Day with Wall Street
Operators.
4 BEAR PANIC SENT THE MARKET UP
Strength Well Distributed and Was
Retained to the ClOse-small
Demand from shorts.

New York, June 16-There was small
bear panic today which caused an upward
rush Of prices In the FIRST hour such as has
not been seen on the stock exchange for days.
Blocks Of 1000 shares and upwards Of leading
stocks we're snapped up with avidity.
The prominent specialties and the grangers
had the most conspicuous advances, but the
strength was well distributed in the list aud
gains In the railroads were nearly uniform
After the opening rush the market fell into
dullness and drifted rather aimlessly below
the high point, but without falling to the
opening level.
Tho later transactions were limited in vol
ume and the closing was almost inanimate
but firm, at the top The absence Of any large
general demand after the rush to cover shorts,
considered in connection with yesterdays
downward movement. indicates that the mar
ket is near the point of safety. Yester-
day. decline faieu to disodge any offerings,
indicating that the supply is firmly and
strongly held. But there Is equally an alb
terests to advance prices except in special
cases.
The demand from shorts was very pro-
nounced in Tobacco, Sugar and the grangers.
There was also morning demand Tor Lon
don account which lifted prices of the inter-
nationals. Time rates for money quotably
higher, ranging from to 2la per cent for
sixty days.
Business was not large in bonds, but the
tendency was upward. Total sales 81, 200, 600
Cash quotations were as follows:
In T. ,cn
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
BRENNAN BUDGET.
re Freight TeIescoprd ".
gro Girl Drowned

SANTA re Freight Telescoped-A W..
gro Girl Drowned.
nrennam Texas, June ls.--At 4 O'Clock
'uursaay morning at Davidson's switch.
north OF Caldwell. while the first section
o. NO. 81. Santa Fe southbound train wa.
standing on the track. the second section
y 'ne same train crashed into the caboose
'ne engine Of the rear section almost com.
Msssiy demolishing the caboose Of the for.
sonductor Hooper and Brakemen 81
ara and Joe Kennerly were in the n c.S Snsn-
com selI ESCAPE alive is almost miracuious
teiescoped the caboose and den,a,s.s suS me
dney al sustained serious cuts. sers,,., =.
ana bruises about the head and h,ds h'.s
se ons o. the wounds are regarded a. dan. An.
4 wednesday. near Ola ws,h,nrtor -.
io,year-old dhuEhter Of Prime us.. sns
coaored. and another little riri were s,n.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17

225dS. Is; bulls 1858, 60; Western steers 3.'5
al 60: Texas steers 3.00dA.25. Hogs-Reccipts
1880 active. i0dljc higher, closing weak
heavy hogs 3o5ifi O5; mixed 3.70GS.95; lights
3. 4OG3 .Siia pigs 3.0od3.i5. Sheep--Reeeipts
2oT5. receipts increasing steadily; spring lamps
.00ftG. 49, muttons 4.50G5.S5; clipped lambs
525I5s 2h; Texas grass sheep 4.oOd4 50; Arl-
zongs i,25di,s5; stockers and feeders S.25g
Az.
st, Louis June 6.--Cattle--Eec eipts 1900, In
cludirs 800 Texans; shipments eco: strong and
higher; natves up l0c fair TO fancy native
shipping and export steers 4.50d52o; dressed
beef and butcher steers 4.0o0i.s5. steers un-
der 1000 pounds 3.e0G4. so; stockers and feed
crs , 25Gii.T0: COWS and heifers 2,00di 50;
Texas and Indian steers 3. 25N4 so: COWS and
hcifcis 3.35d3.40. Hogs-Receipts 5000. ship
mrnts 1900; easy but generally higher york.
crs I; 7jd3 So; packers 3.Snd4 90. Sheep-kc-
ccipts 1900. shipments 600; steady; native NUT
tons 2 50Tisi; lambs 4.50d6. 81 culs and
bucks 2.756i3. SO.
Chicago, June l6,-Cattle steady to strong
choice steers, a9Gu5.35; medium, i.50Mi.6Ih f;
beef sters. i,l00i95; stockers and feeders.
S90d49j cows and hefers, 3.30n4.75 cam
ncrs, 2.50G3,25; calves, 5.50m7.25; Texas
steers 3.75Qi90 Hogs-Active on good local
and shipping demand Toe higher; fair to
choice. i,l0M4,l5; butchers, 3S5d4.lO; mixed,
s5d i,6S; lights, S7Ji4,00; pigs. 275M3.S5.
Sheep Light supply caused good market; ma
tive sheep. 350M5.25 rams, 2.50@3.j0 clipped
lambs i,00n600; spring lambs, i50n65 so.
yeatlinGs. $50. Receipts-Cattle, $500; hogs,
$1,000; sheep. 5000.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
WEATHER AND CROPS.

Denton. Denton County, Texas Tune "a
For sixteen days past it has rained here
ana also in nearly every other part of Dem
Ton county and today. the 18th, an exceed
ingly heavy rain fell here. The wheat and
oats are injured by sprouting. but how
much is not known yet The corn and rot
ton crops are also very much behind in
nearly every part of the county owing to
the continued rain and the wseds and grass
seem to have taken possession in some
instances of entire fields.
Riverside, Walker County Texas luna
p'-Sotton Is getting badly in the grass
oecause OF the frequsnt rains; corn could
not be better,
husk, Cherokee County, Texas, June 16.
naiheu Almost daily for the last two weeks .
eoetoh Deahg injured, oats damaged con.
siderably 'and lands washed badly.
henson. Grayscn County, Texas lima
io.--it has rained every day since Imne
! ana is sim at it; potatoes have begun
W rot and thousands OF bushels VIII he
ios'' wheat ana cats are seriously damaged
De Leon. Comanchs County, Texas. June
as.Ihalning almost daily for two weeks
anu s,,i,, sliaii gram is much damaged; cotton
~, run 10 weed and little fruit, crops on
flows. "ea ny over
- noston' Bowie County, Texas, June
cor, 100 rams almost assuring a gocZ
corn crop; cotton looking fine and bloom"
ing nicely, but too much rain. ~
Jasper Jasper County, Texas ,,,a :.
Raining every day; crops are beinS I ini,r -;
thereby. "'e oeins injured
Meridian, Bosque County. Texa. Una ,e
Rained every day for sixteen davs. VIZ, VIZ ~ =.
sprouting in the shock. "nea' IS
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
GRAIN And PROVISIONS.
All the Markets Showed Loss for
the Day.
WHEAT DROPPED FROM The ST ART.
A Heavy Decline in Liverpool and
Free selling by shorts Reasons
Attributed for Wenkncss.

Chicago, June ts.--A heavy decline In Liver
pool and free selling by shorts caused weak
ching in wheat prices today. July closed IaM
&c lower September issdl%c down. Corn
lost ssc aud oats isc. Provisions show the
following declines: Pork i2iac, lard SC and
ribs &c.
Az the start advanced quotations from Lv-
crTooI and numerous crop damage reports
made stronger market for awhile. The bear
elem ent was for a time considerably democrat
lied and the buying rush was quite pro-
nounced September, which closed yesterday
at I2A found plenty Of buyers at 1874 and
som. rev who even paid 13ls. July sold up
TO s2r. or exc above where H. lott off last
nleht
However. both Chicago aud Liverpool came
under the influence of the immense prospective
supplies OF new wheat Liverpool commenced
10 tGpple and the bull cor tlhgcnt here took
fright md the buying came &c a sudden halt.
There vas n rush on tho part of the early
buyers to unload. tome to securc profits AMI
soIne to get rid OF losses. and the decline was
more rnrid than the advance had been.
aAclS aud Duluth ile. The aggregate at
Western primary markets was l7lOoo bushels,
against l5s,00O the same day year ago. TX
ports from, the Atlantic hoabuard were equal
In wheat and -four to 65s, 900 bushels
July opened 1Am2hc higher Mt s1h fIS2, ad-
Vailced 70 sgl9, dropped to 1874, then rallied
to 1874, the closing price.
There was strong opening In corn on un-
faNtiFbc weather conditions Long corn was
for sale In apparently liniticss amounts how.
over. and tho early advance was more than
Tort.
At the opening oats presented strong front
on uliavorahlo crop reports cased on with
wheat aud corn and did not again display any
strength.
There wns momentary frmncss mt the
start In provisions under the influence of the
s,ionB opening In grain. The pit traders sold
holy and broke badly. The market dragged
heavily aud closed with only a moderate re-
ACTON from the bottom prices.
Estimated receipts for tomorrow--Wheat IL
cars. corn 37o cars, oats 120 cars, hogs $1,000
head.
The leading futures ranged ns follows:
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
FINANCIAL NOTES.

New York, June 16.The Evening Posts
London financial cabegram says: The stock
markets here were quiet and firm today
americans were good on New York prices.
but closed under the best
Paris, June l6.-Three per cent rentes, lO3f.
VOC; exchange on Londcn, 25f 24tsc for checks
Lohaoh, June l6.-Consols for money ll1h;
for the account. III 7-16; Mexican ordinary,
~; Mexican Central. new As, -. Bar silver.
steady, 2s l3-l6d per ounce The rate OF dis
count In the open market for short and three
months bills 7-l6d1Ia per cent
New York, June l6-Total sales stocks
SgS6oo shares, including Atchison preferred,
losl ia; Sugar, 74,445; Tobacco. so, 263.
New York, June 16.-Clearings today. sl43.
1S3, 1887; balances S. 4363l ''
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
Cash Whcnt,


81 Louis. June l6.--Flour quiet and I'M
changed. Wheat weak and lower. closing &c
lever for July, l l-i6c for September and INC
Tor December below yesterday; spot lower;
l'M September 6sk, December 70 asked; No.
hard, cash IS. Corn-Futuros closed with
sellers Sse above tho bottom, NC below tho
ana higher; No, .. cash 32is, July sa,s asked,
Seltember S27s asked. Oats Futures dull and
lower; spot higher. No, ., cash. elevator eiis.
white 29is. Rye nominal. FLAX seed nominal
LILO Corn. meal steady. l70cpi Is prnn
searrt sacked, cast track. "a bid this side IS
Hay SLOW; prairie $50. Whisky Is3 Cotton
ties and bagging unchanged Pork quiet;
sNhdare mess jobbing ?.75. Lard higher.
prime steam 900 choice SO, Bacon Boxed
ssnouiaers o,no extra short clear 6.25 ribs
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
STORY OF THE LETTER WHEAT DEAL.

Chicago
First -.
in on june 40 ~
Price advanced t IS,
Largest 100000 bushels
Largest wheat 100000 bushels
Total expo sod3
Largest on on accou cents bushel
Total n s45O0.0W
10 81, 1880. $32l4oO
months ending May 81 1895 S
ending May 81 1898
May 81
f.
Collapse he June
Total s5,oOo000.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17
New York Gotten Mnr,,ct.

New York. June iG,-~Atter opening dull but
steady NJ unchanged prices to point higher,
fluctuations In todays cotton market were
narrow while speculation was entirely of a
scalping manner Crop news was plentiful
and with the weather prospects, averaged ,lp
IN favor OF tho bear crowd This condition
cut liftle figure as All influence on local SEN
timent Tho failure OF outside speculatiye
interests to take hold was serious drawback
10 operations by room traders, the latter aee.
ing little In the general situation under pres.
ent conditions to invite extensive new ven
lures either ono way or the other. Closed
quiet. with prices point higher to i net
lower.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-06-17

New York. Juno l6--The week in dry goods
SHOWS gradual Improvement III the amount
OF business done, There are many visiting
buyers In town and considerable interest In
the market shown In most quarters. Since tho
reduction In blcachvd cuttous and tile n wing al
new prices on fall prints there has been A
lair daily average of sales on mail orders.
Tne Improvement In bleachod goods has NOT
peen us marked. Other staple cottons show no
noticeable change. Export goods continue
quiet ~ all quarters. Print cloths arc nm
changed; extras are quoted at e. hut sales
ere very backward In prints there has only
been light business reported In fan fnn1,.s