davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
WAR MESSAGE
FROM MCKINLEY !
Declaration of War Will Probably be
Made on Monday.
TREASURY TO BE PUT ON WAR FOOTING.

Washington, April AIT II o'clock
this morning a cabinet officer said that
there was no change In the situation and
that expected events would move along
as at present until the presidents mes
sage was sent to congress early In the
coming week.
Preparation OF the message was begun
by President Mckinley this morning.
after conferences with cabinet advisors
and public men on the lines IL should
take. The president listened 10 all views.
but has not expressed his own freely.
Secretary Gage and Representative
Dingley. chairman OF the house ways
and means committee, were summoned
BY the president during the forenoon.
The conference related 10 measures 10
put the treasury on war footing. II is
believed that war revenue measure has
b,en under consideration.
Legislation for an additional tax on
beer Il almost certain. In the event OF
hostilities, 10 be recommended TO con
greee. There IL no reasonable doubt that
along list OF luxuries will be considered
by the ways and means committee IA OBJ
jects Of revenue legislation In case any
large amount Of funds is needed 10 carry
on the war, which nearly all visitors TO
the white house said now seems lneyi-
tahla
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
y. W. nAMm Acquitted.
Not Guilty OF Embekxlement--Hisr sr
Allan Plead 0uilfv.

Not Guilty OF Embesslement--Hisr and
Allen Plead GUILTY.
The Hamm embezzlement case Is at an
end and n. W. Hamm stands acquitted
by the verdict Of jury OF his peers.
A portion OF yesterday forenoon and
all the afternoon we're consumed by the
attorneys on the opposing sides with
their closing arguments 10 the Jury. The
speeches delivered by District Attorney
Flnical and Neiil b. Field for the prose-
cutiOn, and OF Judge Warren aud 5. X.
Gillette f0f the defense, were p0weriul
forensic efforts and dealt skilfully and
eloquently with the contention OF the
different sides.
The speeches were completed shortly
after o'clock, when Judge Crumpacker
delivered his instructions 90 the jury.
Ths jury retired 10 deliberate upon
the case at o o'clock and handed In q
sealed verdict shortly after 10 O'clock last
night.
The verdict was opened at 10 o'clock
this morning and II was found 10 be In
favor OF the defendant
This case was commenced last Mon.
day morning and has taken up the en-
tire time OF the court ever since.
Charles Il. Hlerst and Miles Allen this
morning pleaded guilty Of forgery and
we're sentenced TO one year in the penl-
tentiaTy.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
SOLDIERS TO MOVE.

Fort Apache, whippie BARRACKS and Fort
Bayard Troops.
The Santa Fe Railway company have
received orders 10 move the troops al
Whipple Barracks and Fort Apache, Ari
zona, and also the troops at Fort Bayard,
In this territory.
Empty coaches and box care will be
sent west and south TO night and 20
morrow, and the troops will be passing
through Albuquerque, en- route 10 east
ern ports some time next week.
The Fort Apache soldiers Will be re-
ceived by the railroad at HOlbrook, while
the Whipple Barracks boys will get on
the cars at Prescott.
The soldiers from Fort Bayard will be
transferred to Fort Apache.
Some OF our citizens are under the i'm
preston that Company g. Albuquerque
Guards) will be ordered 10 report for
duty at Fort Bayard, but this Is a mis-.
take. as Fort Bayard has recently been
ordered abandoned by the army depart
ment.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
HEAUTIFUL LIFE
OF Mh. France. Y. wnlsrd-Mr.. Granger.
Agent.

OF MTss Frances Y. willard Mrs. Granger.
Agent.
'In nearly every country under the
sun, bands OF women devoted 10 good
works are mourning M those who have
40 leader. Not In Great Britain and
America only, but In India, Spain, Italy,
Iceland. the isles OF the sea--in big cities
and country villages, In lonely shacks
out In the prairies. there Ia sorrow and a
sense OF helplessness because one slender
liitle woman. with folded hands and
white face beneath her crown OF auburn
nair, is lying still In the heart OF the ma
ton to-day"
In response 10 this feeling the W. G. 7.
U. have Issued Memorial Volume OF
Frances Nlllard's life and placed it In
the hands OF soliciting agents, through
he leading publishing houses, 30 that all
may avail themselves OF this opportunity
70 possess her biography.
IL might also please each individual
subscriber 20 know that the W. G. 7. u.
cause receives from each book sold a roy
alty-henee each person In subscribing
will be helping onward and upward this
glorious work which is destined 10 live
through eternity.
Mrs. j. W, Granger, OF the W. G. 7. q.
IL the agent; also sole agent for j. 8.
ZiegleT " Co.. publishers.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02

very sweeping in character and will 20
considerably beyond the inquiry OF the
naval court OF inquiry.
To show the minuteness OF the senate
inquiry the fact may be cited that the
senate committee to-day took steps 10
ascertain whether the electric lights
throughout Havana we're extinguished
simultaneously with the explosion. The
committee learned that the extinguish.
ment Of the lights actually occurred.
Exactly what bearing this has upon the
cause Of the explosion Is not apparent.
II may be that the terrific shock caused
an atmospheric disturbance, dlsarming
the electric plant In Havana, or some In
fereDtial deductions may be made a. 10
electric connections With = submarine
nina
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
SPANISH WAR SHIPS.
Two OF the Largest spanish War Ship
Leave Havana for Porto RicO.

Two of the Largest spanish War ships
Leave Havana for Porto RieO.
New York, April 2. - The Evening
World prints copyrighted dispatch
dated April 1, on board the Worlds dis
patch boat Triton via Key West, which
says that the Spanish war ships YizcayA
and 0quendO no longer lie like big watch
dogs across Havana harbor. They are on
their way 10 Porto Rico. The Worlds
dispatch boat followed them until this
was made certain. They left their moor
ings at o'clock this afternoon and
started eastward along the north coast OF
Cuba. The Evening World correspond
ent boarded the Vizcaya at 10 o'clock.
He was received most eOuTteously by
Capt. Eulate.
"All know about it, said he, ''is that
we are going away, hut where have not
the fainteet Idea. Our orders are sealed,
and ehall not open them till am sew
eral miles out at sea-"
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
THE MESSAGE.
Mckinley Says that His Message viii b
Hntiafnctory.

Mckinley Says that His Message will be
Satisfactory.
Washington, April "A prominent
member OF the house who saw the pres
ident to-day, says that the message will
recommend action which will be perfect
ly satisfactory TO the republicans, and
which with possibly few exceptions
will rally them and the country 10 his
support. He says the diplomatic corree-
pondence will be such that the republi-
can party and the country will be proud
OF II. and further legal facts In the case
are very ably handled by Attorney Gen
eral Griggs. The message, probably, will
not be sent In before Tuesday. The
Maine affair. II is said. will not be
touched on probably This is regarded
as unfortunate by many prominent re-
publicans, who believe II we are TO have
war the blowing up OF the Maine cOnsti-
tntes the strongest ground.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
SHOES SOLD AT COST.

A simpler. tho Large Shoe Merchant. Co
Ing Out of Business.
Having concluded 10 20 out OF the re-
tail shoe business In this city, A. Simpler,
commencing to-day, will sell his entire
stock OF shoes at cost. He carries an
$500 stock OF shoes and Of the very best
makes. The stock Ia at present very com.
plete. and II will pay persons 10 lay In q
good supply OF footwear now, for q SINH
lar opportunity TO get such bargains will
probably not be given for Years In this
city.
Those who come FIRST will have pick
OF the entire stock. and cannot fall 10
and something that suits their tastes.
The sale will be continued until every
pair OF shoes In the store is sold, az well
a. the fixtures. Call early, 80 as 10 be
sure OF finding just what you want.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
POOR OLD SPAIN.
a..l.ae A.. at.w N

The Oarlists are Threateniag to Rebel
Against the hoy King.
Berlin, April 2.-The German ambas.
sadOr at N Madrid, Herr Won kadowilz. n
ports 10 the foreign Office here that the
Spanish royal Family fears an outbreak,
unless the difference between the United
States and Spain Is soon settled. The
Carlist movement is assuming a more
active form and the royal family fears
especially \ prOnunciamento from Gen.
eral Weyler and the military party
Everything Is prepared in the royal
castles for flight. The boy king Alfonso
will be taken ~ San Lucar do Barameda
where a yacht is kept ready for sailing
Replies 10 the queens letter asking for
the intervention OF European powers,
have been wholly unsatisfactory.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
EDITOR KILLED!
A Notorious Texas Sensational
Writer Shot to Death.
Spain Said to BE weakening and
May Give Up Cuba.
Bloody Massacre OF Indians In the Pull
ippine Islands.
OTTER or TRAScE DFOInEp.

Waco, Texas, April 2.-w. c. Brann.
the lighting editor. died at las a. m. 10.
day. BranD's death Is the result OF the
encounter last night In which he fatally
wounded his antagonist, Captain NJ. 7.
Davis.
Eaeh cOmbatant received three bullets.
Three non e0mbatants were slightly
wounded. Brann died from internal
bleeding Of the lungs. Captain Davis is
suffering precisely Ia the same way and
his death is expected at any moment.
The particular motive Tor the shooting
In this case was the extraordinary attack
by Brann In his paper, the IconOclast. on
the chastity OF the students at Baylor
university. Waco, Texas. Among the
students we're two daughters OF Captain
Davis. When the two met on the street
last night, they had some w0rds. drew
their reyolyers and firing by both follow
ed almost instantly.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
WILL NOT DELAY.

House WIN wait No Longer than Tuesday
on the President.
Washington. April Representative
Adsms, Of Pennsylvania. who is acting as
chairman OF the house committee on for
eign affairs, saw the president and state
officials to-day and afterwards consulted
with hemembers OF the senate committee
on foreign relations. II il understood
that he told the executive that Il would
be impossible 10 prevent the foreign af-
fairs committee OF the house from TAX
Ing immediate action. and delay beyond
Tuesday was impossible.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02

have to-day sold the grocery business
heretofore carried on In my name 10 j.
L. Bell q Co.. and recommend the new
6rm TO the customers who have 80 liber-
ally Datronized me In the past. thank
the public for the patronage which have
received. Those wishing TO settle out
standing accounts may find me at the
old stand, now occupied by the new hrm.
II. Y. TRoTTER.
The arm OF j. l.. Bell & Co. have
opened grocery in the stand formerly
occupied by II. II. TrOtter. and invite In
spection OF stock aud prices. We solicit
a share OF your patronage.
j. l.. BELL n Co.
Albuquerque, n. NJ, April 2, 1893.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
SPAIN Is wEAKENINo.

they Would Probably Let cuba no for q
tig Indemnity.
New York. April 2.-Spain's official rep
resentatiyes In Cuba are preparing 20 let
20, says Havana correspondent OF the
Tribune. Confidential talk in Spanish
circles is now OF yielding control Tor an
indemnity. though the amount is placed
much higher than ever will be paid.
The most pronounced evidence that
Spain ~ yielding comes from the autOno.
mist cabinet. The resignation OF all the
members may come any day. Appear
ancos are that the entire autonomist
cabinet Will be used az a scapegoat for
the Spanish public.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
JUMPING ON SPAIN.

Germany Making Demand on the De.
oripit, bankrupt Nation.
Berlin, April 2.-Germany proposes to
take prompt action TO obtain indemnity
In the Cannamba case. The Spanish am
bassador has been formally notified by
the German minister OF foreign affairs
that the warship Gels has been ordered
TO sail In the direction of Cuba (she IL
now believed TO be In West Indian
wateIs) 10 punish the insurgents for
burning German sugar refinery and
numbering four persons there and TO col
lect indemnity, unless Spain Furnishes
the offenders promptly and makes none.
tary compensation for damage done and
lives taken.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
NEW NAVAL VESSELS.

Three Small Battle ships WIN Probably
be at Once Built.
Washington, April 2.-The senate COM
mittee on naval affairs to-day discussed
informally the naval appropriation bill
and decided 10 recommend an amend
ment striking out the provision for one
Of three battle ships, substituting for Il
three haTbOr defense vessels, II the secre-
tary OF the navy should concur. The
opinion was expressed that three light
vessels could be built at no greater ex
pense than one battle ship and they could
be built In time for use In case OF war
with Spain, while battleship could not
be constructed quickly enough.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02

have Just received word that my or.
der for 1000 ladies' lOw.cut shoes, or
dered last winter for the spring trade,
cann0t be counterInsnded as many Of the
sh0ee have already been made. / will
Gder some rare baIgaine Ia this line OF
snOes as SION as they arrive, which will
be within ten days or two weeks. The
st0ck will contain all sizes and Il will
pay intending purchasers 10 walt until
they arrive. A. Simpler.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
immaeuiate conception--ordero OF Services
for Holy Week.


Palm Sunday-Early mass, a; ehll.
dren's mass. y: blessing and distribution
OF palms, high mass and reading OF the
passion, I0:30; beads. instruction on
ths sacrament OF matrimony by Rev. NJ.
J. hughee, s. j., and benedictlon 7:s0 D.
m,
Wednesday instruction on the
evils Of divorce and mixed marriages and
tenediciion az 7:30 D. m.
i0ly Thur, day-High mass at 3 o'clock
q N. Alteration from the end Of mass
' N take In the evening. Sermon on the
"lnstitution OF the Blessed Eucharist"
al SD. m, followed by musical selections.
Bood fridHy-Mass OF the presanetified
At ; o'clock n. m. the way OF the Cross
AID sermon on the Passion" by Rev. NJ.
j. Hughes. s. j. at 7:3O D. IN.
HOly Saturday-High macs at 3 O'Clock
q. IN.
Raster Sunday--Communion mass, Z;
children's mass and sermon on the "tiOs-
pri OF the Feast" by Rev. NJ. J. Hughes,
5. J., at 1890. Music BY the Sc. Mary's
c.0ir. The musical program will be an
noanced later. Solemn yespers and BEN
dlction at 7:30 D. M.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
To-Morrow's Races.

TO-mOrrow's racing card is as good
as anything that will be presented
on any western track this spring, The
iiye-elghths Of mile running has Pueb-
10, Sadie NJ, Evolution. San Andre aud
Arctic Ray entered. The three eighths OF
a mile heat race will be one OF the best
ever seen here In any year. The trOttiDg
event has already excited all kinds Of
speculation In town. Pools will bs sold
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
The Pope TrrInr 70 saw. spain.

Rome, April 2-vatlcan circles an
nounce that Archbishop Keane, bishop
assistant at the DOntidcal throne, In the
name OF the pope. has sent Archbishop
Ireland an expression OF the earnest de-
sire Of his holiness that Ireland use his
influence with President Mckinley in IA.
yor Of paci1catory attitude In the Cuban
question. IL is explained that Ireland
was asked 10 DO this because OF his friend
shin with Mckinley
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
zoLA FREE.

His JAIN sentence and Fine QuAshsd by tho
Court OF Cessation.
Paris. April 2-The court of cessation
has quashed the sentence OF years i'm
prisonment and 5000 francs fine i'm
posed on ZOla, the result Of the charges
made by him In the Aurore against the
conduct OF the Esterhazy court martial,
but the court has not ordered trial be-
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02

81 NeAN w AANhhs
Rev. +. II. Allen will continue his
Talks on the Life Of Christ" tomorrow
at 1880 y III, Subject, "Christ on the
Cross" The lantern will be used 10 H.
lustrate the story. A surprise is In store
In the musical part OF the morning wOr-
ship. All seats free 10 everyone.
The remains Of Paul T. Bates, who died
In this city Thursday morning, were
shipped TO Montgomery. Ala. last night
by Undertaken MOntf0rt, who embalmed
them. The wife OF the deceased and his
brother, X. NJ. Bates, accompanied the re-
mains.
The crew Of men who are now at work
putting up the poles and wires between
Bland and Thornton will finish their
labors the first OF next week, when the
wrk OF putting up the poles between
here and Thornton will commence.
Adam Fisher, who formerly held a DO.
sitiOn at the freight depot, but who has
been away from the city for some time,
has returned and IL again employed at
the freight depot. He Is rOOming at the
Golden Rule ROOming house.
g. l. Brooks, live stock agent, intro
Ohio, this morning. Mr.. HaTbaugh IL In
the superintendents Office OF the Penn
sylyania railway at Cleveland, and Is
taking a vacation.
James Deyine will return from PhOe-
nix this evening, when he will resume
his position as director OF the First Regi-
ment band. The band will turn out In
body and meet him at the train 10 well
come him back.
Ladies' wearing number 21s, 3 and 31S
shoes, can secure some great bargains al
A. Simpier's closing out sale, as he has
an unusually large stock OF these num-
bers in shoes which must be disposed Of
at any sacrifice.
The harness thieves who infest this
community wTenched lock from an
Outbuilding at Fred. MaTshall's place
and carried away saddle and driving
bride with the lines.
Mrs. W. W. Campbell. of Omaha, ar.
rived in the city last night and will visit
indefinitely with her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. G, E Hopkins OF the Midland hotel,
A baby daughter was born to Mr.. and
Mrs. X. Sherman at their home in old
town at 1880 o'clock yesterday afternoon
aud died at II o'clock last night.
G. W. Martin, general western agent OF
the Frisco line, at Denver, Is In the city,
and left his card at this office this after
noon.
Hon. W. B. Childers, United States at
tOrney, returned from Las Cruces last
night.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
FIo,IIIa viii Arr,ve N.., wa.l

Washington. April As II has taken
tn Spanish torpedo fotilla nine days ~
make Cape de Verde islands from the
Canary islands. which they left March
"a. II should, at same rate OF speed, take
the flOtilla about six days from now to
reach Porto Rico. supposing the 10tllla
able n coal and start again to day, which
is unlikely.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
FIotIIIn on Afrioan Con.t.

Madrid, April 2-The statement cabled
last night that the torpedo hOtillA Of
Spain had arrived at Porto Rico was tax
en- from newspaper here Investigation
shows that the announcement is errOn-
eOus. The Spanish tlotills has arrived at
Cape de Verde islands, ana II Is said will
proceed after cOaling.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02

ton ght down town BY u. Scott Knight.
The city police have kindly consented to
attend 20 morrow, and will see that ev.
erytning goes on Ia an orderly manner.
Adiottiance will be 25 cents, a. usual
AZ kansas City, 81. Louis and eastern
towns u costs 90 cents 10 see the same
horses run.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
SENATE INQUIRY.

Committee Making Close InvsstIg Igation Of
the Maine Disaster.
Washington, April 2.-FOraker. Of the
senate committee on foreign relations,
was at the navy department this morn
ing for the purpose, II was understood,
OF furthering the investigation that the
committee Is making into the cause OF
the disaster 10 the Maine. IL IL now un-
derstood that the senate inquiry Is 10 be
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
Think spain will asoL Down.

London, April "A concensus of the
views OF the members OF parliament Ia
that Spain as last resort will flnd some
means OF escaping war, for which she has
no resources and which must end In not
only Cuban Independence, but an enor.
nous increase OF Spain's already ruinous
burden OF debt.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
BUKROs ron ALASKA.

An Espanola Man Wants TO Sell Burros to
Steve NRughton.
Steve Naughton, Albuquerque, N. M.
EspanOla, n. NJ, March 30.-I see by
an item in the Denver Republican that
you are buying burTOs 20 ship to Alaska.
There are hundreds Of them In this Vi
cinity; can be had very reasonable. Please
lot me know II you want any and what
you will pay for carload or more at this
place; you could safely drive them from
here to Santa Fe or Albuquerque to ship,
Yours very truly,
l.. HENsEL.
Mr.. Naughton, otherwise known as
"Gunnysaek Riloy," called at this office
this II Orning, and stated that. for the
time being, he had dropped the burro
traffic, and was deyOting his time now TO
drilling the AmaEOns Of the village OF Ia
leta In war tactics. The burTO buyer ex-
poets war with Spain, and intends to go
TO the front, as soon "a declared, with his
mixed soldiers from lsleta.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
Rurinr war Va..ai.-

New York, April 2.--Commander Brown
son is Offering tempting prices to Brit
ish ship owners for 10 knot steamers OF
unarm0red cruisers, says a London cor.
respondent OF the World. There Is not a
very large number OF this class OF YES
sells available. but Il is said that he has
already obtained two.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
frame. ogsr. A. N,.,,,.,.

Chicago, April 2.--A special 10 the
Tunes Herald from Washington says:
The government Of France has offered
It's good offices In preserving peace and
the offer has been declined by the United
States
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02

Revenue to be Raised for the War with
spain.
Washington, April 2-Tne question OF
laying a small internal revenue tax on
tea and coffee Is under consideration. IL
Ia thought that tax OF something less
than 10 cents pound on tea and about
8 cents pound on coffee would bring in
possibly t35 5,000. 900 or 1900, 900 year
The combined revenues from beer, tea
aud coffee, II is thought, would approx
mate $50, 100000 q year.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
Rrl,l.h D.mnnd. on China.

Pekin, April 2-The British minister.
Sir Claude Macdonald, had an important
conference to-day with the Chinese for
eign Office. Great Britain demanded i'm.
pOrtant compensatory concessions for the
purpose OF maintaining the balance Of
power in the far east.
Albuquerque daily citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1895-1903, 1898-04-02
SPANISH FLorILLA.

Navy Department Doubts It's Arrival Mt
Porto Rico.
Washington, April 2.-The navy de-
partment up 10 10 o'clock had no confir-
nation OF the Madrid dispatch saying
that the spanish torpedo hOtilla had ar.
rived at Porto Rico. Some doubt 10 ex-
pressed that II could make such fast
time. II IL said. however. that IL will ar
rive soon without interference. II II has
not already done 80, as no move has been
made TO intercept 1t, as advocated by
many naval officers.