The daily morning journal and courier., 1898-04-21
NO PRECEDENT IN HISTORY
SAYS PROF. HADLEY CONCERNING
 REMEMBRANCE IN CUBA.

His Lecture to Yale Junior Class Yesterday on Economic Advantages and Disadvant- of the Island After it is wrested from Spain.
 It is well settled principle that each nation must mind it's own business. Nations as nations were not organized until 400 years ago. Since that time national life has crystallized more and more. But it follows also that each nation minds it's own business only so long as every other nation minds it's own business.
 Whenever any nation attempts to extend it's territories other nations are likely to oppose for fear of future in- vasion. The balance of power in Eu- rope is carefully guarded and the smaller nations are thus protected. The same general principle. Its main idea at first was the opposition to the es- tablishment of new monarchies.
 There is yet another case in which interference is allowable. Such case occurs when one nation does not man. age its own business so as to maintain a reasonable degree of order But this degree of order is liberally interpreted.
 The ground of our interference in Cuba is the second. It is held that Spain does not exercise the power of a nation in fulfilling its obligations. By interfering we render ourselves liable for the preservation of better order in the future. If we should fail to pre- serve order we would lay ourselves open to the reproach of all the civiliz- ed nations. It is also possible, but not so likely, that we shall be liable for the Cuban debt.
 Our interference has no exact pree- edent in history. The interference of the powers in the case of Greece about seventy years ago is the most nearly parallel. The differences are: First, the powers did not interfere until the conditions of the Turkish oppression
  ent; second, the sultan had acknowl- edged his weakness by calling in the Egyptians to his aid; and, lastly, the interference was only in the form of a protest and the Egyptians started the fighting. These differences make our responsibility greater. Spain has so far called upon no one for aid. We are provoking the war.
 Like the war of 1872, it is a conflict over past conditions rather than pres ent As much as it can ever be said, war is now at hand. It is surprising, though, how near to each others eyes two people can get their fists and yet not fight.
 Now comes the question of how we shall dispose of the island when we have gained control Undoubtedly there will be a protectorate for cer- tain time Will independence or an- nexation follow the protectorate? The tendency of protectorates has always been to work into annexation. Yet at times they remain protectorates for long periods. Annexation follow more especially when a more civilized na- ton has taken control of a less civil- ized countrq. It was in this way that Rome grew to it's greatest extent.
 With these facts before us l ct us' consider the advantages and disadvan- tages of annexation. In protectorate you have certain responsibility with out power to keep order. This is all we'll enough when the inhabitants themselves maintain good order. But there is a great temptation when mat ters go wrong, to say that we must have power tokether with our respon- sibility and thus follows annexation. Another argument which is combined with this is that financially both Cuba and the United States will be greatly helped.
 But by annexing new country we do not really add to our national wealth The wealth of nation is rep resented by the condition of it's inhab- itants. If people of low condition are added, increased burdens are produced so that the progress of civilization is hindered.
 The taxes are increased. It is claim ed that there be an increase of wealth through the new investment of Ameri- can capital. But such investment les- sens that in our own country. The only advantage will be in the difference of return from the capital. More cap- itaI must be borrowed and unless it can be borrowed at low rate of interest there will be a loss instead of gain in the use of more capital. The eco- nomical advantages and disadvan- tages may be compared as follows: We should save the money which has been used in policing the filibuster- ing expeditions. We should be freed from the heavier taxation thus caused. In case of war we should have larger population and resources to draw upon. There would be also a more profitable opportunity for instrument. On the other hand, we should have the eX- pense of keping order in Cuba. In event of war there would be a large addition of liabilities. One present sea- coast is fairly defensible. The island of Cuba would be source of weak ness in time of war. From an eco- homie standpoint, as distinct from political or Humanitarian one, the free dom of Cuba will be distinct loss to us.
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