The daily morning journal and courier., 1898-04-12
PRES. M'KINLEY'S MESSAGE
(continued from Second Page,

ernment in substance as well as in name, possessed of the elements of sta bility' and forming de facto, If left to itself, a state among the nations, reasonably capable of discharging the duties of a state;" has imposed for its own governance, dealing with cases like these, the further condition that recognition of independent state hood is not due to a revolted depend ency until the danger of it's being again subjugated by the parent state has en- tirely passed away.
 This extreme test was in fact applied in the case of Texas. The congress to whom President Jackson referred the question as one probably leading to war;" and, therefore, a proper subject for previous understanding with that body by whom war can alone be de- clared, and by whom all the provisions for sustaining it's perils must be fur nished, left the matter of the recogni- tion of Texas t0 the discretion of the executive, providing merely for the sending of diplomatic agent when the president should be satisfied that the republic of Texas had become ''an in- dependent State."
 It was so recognized by President Van Buren, who commissioned a charge d'affaires March7, 1887, after Mexico had abandoned an attempt to reconQuer the Texan territory and when there was at the time no bona fide contest going on between the insurgent province and its former sovereign.
 I said in my message of December last: "It is to be seriously considered whether the Cuban insurrection pos- sesses beyond dispute the attributes of statehood which alone can demand the recognition of belligerency in it's fa- vor." The same requirement. must cer- taintly be no less seriously considered when the graver issue of recognizing independence Is in question, for no less positive test can be applied to the greater act than to the lesser:o while, on the other hand, the influences and consequences of the struggle upon the internal policy of the recognizing state, which form important factors when the recognition of belligerency is con- cerned, are secondary, if not rightly, elin1inable factors when the real ques- tion is whether the community claim ing recognition is or is not independent beyond peradventure.
 Nor from the standpoint of expedi- ency do think it would be wise or prudent for this government to rec ognize at the present time the indepen- dence of the so-called Cuban republic. Such recognition is not necessary in order to enable the United States to intervene and pacify the island. To commit this country now to the recog- milton of any particular government in Cuba might subject us to embar- rassing- conditions of international ob- ligation towards the organization SC recognized.
 In case of intervention our conduct would be subject to the approval or disapproval of such government; we would be required to submit to it's di- rection and to assume to it the mere relation of a friendly ally. When it shall appear hereafter that there is within the island government capa- ble of performing the duties and dis charging the functions of a separate nation, and having, as a matter of fact, the proper forms and attributxb of na- tionality, such government can be promptly and readily recognized, and the relations and interests of the Unit ed States with such nation adjusted.
 Intervention as the Alternative.
 There remain the alternative forms of intervention to end the war, either Vas an impartial neutral by imposing 8 rational compromise between the con- testants, or as the active ally of the one party or the other.
 As to the first, 1t is not to be forgot ten that during the last few months the relation of the United States has virtu- ally been one of friendly intervention In many ways, each not of itself con- elusive, but all tending to the exertior of a potential influence toward an ulti- mate pacific result, just and honorable to all interests concerned.
 The spirit of all our acts hitherto has been an earnest, unselfsh desire for peace and prosperity in Cuba, un- tarnished by differences between us ant Spain, and unstained by the blood o1 American citizens.
 intervention Justified.
 The forcible intervention of the Unit ed States as neutral to stop the war according to the large dictates of hu manity and. following many historica precedents where neighboring state: have interfered to check the hopeles. sacrifice of life by internecine conflict; beyond their borders, is justifiable or rational grounds.
 1t involves, however, hostile con- straint upon both the parties to the contest, as well to enforce truce as tc guide the eventual settlement.
 The grounds for such intervention may be briefly summarized as follows
 First-In the cause of humanity and to put an end to the barbarities, blood shed, starvation and horrible miseries now existing there, and which the par ties to the conflict are either unable ol unwilling to stop or mitigate
 It is no answer. to say this is all 1T another country belonging to another nation and is therefore none of oul business.
 It is especially our duty for it is right at our door,
 Second-We owe it to our citizens ir Cuba to afford them that protection and indemnity for life and property which no government there can or vii afford. and to that end to terminate the HI. M. MA