davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
"The best guarantee

before. for the simple reason that it is
the maximum crop that pays.
There IS no possible profit in minimum
crop.
Bales per acre. instead of taking acres
10 make a bale must be the plan pursued
by the man who would even live, much
less make profit by raising g. or scent
cotton.
This demands the bringing into opera
lion the intensive system of farming in
stead OF the extensive system that
has hitherto prevailed and this intensive
system is as irexorable in its demands as
was the laws of the ancient Modes and
Persians; it demands not only that The
plant should be literally supplied with
plant food, and it of the right kind, but
also that this plant food be applied in
the best possible manner, and at The right
time, in order to secure BEST. e., most
profitable results.
At or near planting time is not the best
time to apply either phosphates or potash;
in order to obtain best-i. e., most econom-
ical and profitable results, they should
invariably be applied in the fall or, at
least, several months previous to the time
of planting the crop.
on the other hand If a complete ferti-
lizer, or one containing nitrogen, be APP
piled in the fall, more or less loss of nitro
SeH Would inevitably result, as TINS nitro
gen cannot be purchased in any shape,
form or fasEion in the open market for
less than IA cents per pound. 1t is easy
to be seen that ii does not pay to waste
It by applying a complete fertilizer in the
fall. What then, shall we do?
we see no really economical plan by
which We can work ourselves out of this
dilemma, except by emitting the purchase
OF the so-caled complete fertilizer. with
its costly nitrogen; raise our own nitrogen.
right al home, by means of the cow-pea
or clover, or both; purchasing nothing ex-
cept the cheaper forms of fertilizer. in
the shape of phosphates and potash: and,
for best results, purchasing and applying
these in the fall
BY practicing above method. we have
Increased the yield of our best lands from,
LOCO pounds seed cotton per acre to three
bales ger acre; we did this last wear. and
are doing il again this year. 1898.
ms IS no fancy sketch. no exaggeratlon
no perversion of facts; the cotton is there
to show for itself, and this, not on any
especially pampered patches, but by the
acre, and under ordinary field culture
And what is especially gratifying to us
some of our neighbors, from pure force
OF example, the object lesson being before
them, are, this year, doing the same thing
II cotton is TO be raised and sold for 3
or cents per pound if there il
to be the very slightest margin of profit
in 1t for the producer, the plan above out.
lined is the way in which it is to be done
We are doing it, others are doing it. and
still others can do il if they will
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12

now stuck fast In The mud at the Florida
Central and Peninsu,ar dock. waiting fol
sufficient water 10 enable them 20 move
out. They have been waiting four days,
but are still stationary.
The business men of High Springs are
a peculiar as well as an enterprising,
lot. One of them offers n reward Of $3.50
for proof 10 convict the parties who or
. lsnaied the rumor that he intended 10
sell out, and anothershas published a card
to the effect that as quite a number of
parties prefer 20 fight him rather Than
pay their debts and that if nothing but
fighting win do them he win give them
the best he has in his shop"
San Antonio Herald: Last Tuesday
morning our worthy Mayor had a narrow
escape from being precipitated 10 the
ground by his buckng broncho. He had
just left our office after a social call, and
s arted to mount his mustang, when the
latter became risky, and went through a
series of antics seldom seen outside of
Col Cody's Wild West Show. As soon as
We heard the racket we dropped a spicy
editorial on railroad extortious and rush
ed out to join In the chase. Il proved
fruitless, and. after sympathizing with our
Mayor and inquiring into his physical con-
dition, we returned to find that in the ex-
citement we had forgotten the best points
Of the editorial.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12

A recent bulletin Of the agricultural de-
partment says:
The Southern farmer wants to keep in
mind that proper cultivation has given
larger crops of corn in the Cuff states
than in any other part ofsthe world and
yet the Gulf states send North for hun
dreds Of thousands Of bushels of corn an
nually. This ought not to be and need
not be.
81. The best soil for corn is a rich sandy
loan which contains a good supply of
humus. Land which has been used for
growing red clover, melilotus. cowpeas.
or other leguminous crops is much better
than that which has been used recently
for hoed crops.
80. In using manures and fertilizers it
is best to use the coarse stable manure
and the whole cotton seed on the heavier
soils, and the well rotted manure and the
cotton seed meal on the lighter soils.
80. All well drained lands should be
plowed fiat, and high beds are advisable
only on lands which are subject to over
flows. When beds are used they should
be wide enough for two rows each.
-. The best variety of corn for ordinary
purposes is the one which will produce
the greatest amount of shelled grain per
acre, regardless of the number or size
of the ears,
IS. White varieties viii usually make a
heavier yield than coIorcd varieties. though
many colored varieties are more vigorous
and hardy than are some Of the more pro-
life white varieties.
&c. The best yields are secured from
dent varieties, which require about 100
days for maturing and average nearly two
ears to the stalk. The ears should he OF
good size, have small cobs well filled at
each end, and should hang downward when
ripe.
81. Nothing is gained by planting be-
fore the ground is sufficiently warm and
dry to promote immediate growth. Early
paintings should not be covered so deep as
late paintings.
"S. Cultivation should be shallow and
frequent, and the surface of the ground
should be kept as nearly level and smooth
as possible.
20. When other hay can be saved read
lily and the cOrnfield can be pastured i'm
mediately after the crop is gathered il is
not usually profitable to cut the stalks for
fodder
10. Corn which is TO be stored for some
time should be treated with bi-sulphida of
carbon to destroy insects.
II. Seed should always be selected in
the field by taking the best ears from the
best stalks"
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
Rotation of CrODs.

The winter season is the farmers study
ing time, for it is then that the active,
outdoor duties Of the farm make the
least demands upon his energies, says the
Homestead. In the brain work that is de-
voted to planning this winter, those who
have not already fully solved the question
for themselves can well afford to spend a
portion of it upon the very important
subject of crop rotation endeavoring to
realize the advantages Of a well-chosen
succession of crops, and TO master the
principles that should dictate their Sc
lection and the order in which they
should be grown.
The question derives its Importance
from the fact that when one crop Is
grown repeatedly upon the same field the
same demand is annually made upon the
soil for the same elements in the same
condition OF availability, and the result Is
that these presently become exhausted
while others that are present in an avail
able form-whch of necessity means an
easily, soluble form-are washed or leach
ed out of the soil and are lost because
they are not worked up into products as
a suitable rotation would have worked
them up.
The advantages of properly selected
rotation are very many. One of them has
just been glanced at Different crops re-
quire different soil ingredients, or at least
require them in different proportions. and
rotation that brings them all into use
successfully, economically employs all the
natural fertility of the soil. OF crops re-
quiring precisely the same elements. some
are dainty feeders while others feed more
grossly, and a crop of the former kind can
often be advantageously followed by ono
Of the latter. Some crops can safely follow
the application of manure. while others
look better the second or third season af-
ter il. Some soils require a crop Of corn.
for example, or even two crops, as a pre.
paration for oats, or the latter will grow
rank and lodge. Some are surface feed
ers, aud Il planted continuously exhaust
the upper stratum, while others feed al
deeper levels and make available fertility
that those OF the former kind could not
reach. Some plants not only draw large
supplies Of plant food from the air for their
own use, but leave the soil richer In this
kind OF plant food when The roots decay
than Il was before the crop was grown
OF which fact clover and all the deep-root-
"a legumcs are an example. For this rca l.
son clover or some substitute for Il Of The
same class should form part OF every
rotation.
These are some, but by no means al. Of
the lines along which q well chosen rota-
ton ~ advantageous. II Is essential that
the working force on the farm BE- as reg
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
Experiments with oats.

The Alabama experiment station has
been making some experiments with oats.
and gives the following summary of the re-
suits:
Among a number of varieties of oats
tested none was found superior in yield
to the common Red Rust proof oat.
Varieties which produced moderate yields
Of grains and relatively large amounts of
tan fine straw we're Myers turf and Hatch
ett's black. These and related varieties are
hardy, and are valuable for grazing and
for forage.
In three different experiments Red Russ
proof oats sown in November yielded ~,
lis and 81 bushels per acre more than
the same kind Of seed sown from Feb 3
to March I. The average increase in these
three experiments due TO fall sowing was
9.S bushels.
The period between Oct. l and Nov. 10
is suggested as the best time for sowing
The bulk of the crop of Red Rust PROOF
oats in Central Alabama.
Cowpea vines, plowed under increased
the yield of oats sown in February to the
extent of 1914 bushels per acre. The yield
of fall-sown oats on land where cowpea
vines had been plowed under (after ii
bushels of peas per acre had been picked
was 2S.6 bushels per acre against IL bush-
els on a plot previously abandoned 10
weeds and crab grass, a gain of 21.5 bush-
els OF oats.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
Starting with Poultry.

There is no better way to begin than
with half a dozen Of. so hens, says an ex-
change. It will then be a pleasure and
but little work win be entalled. The flock
may be increased every year until large.
In the meantime the beginner is learning
how to properly care for fowls and should
failure result at the beginning the loss
will be but little. 1t requires plenty OF
capital TO enter largely into the poultry
business, but when the start is made with
q few the capital increases every year
through the increase of the flock. When
a small flock is managed there is no ex-
pense charged for labor, but the item OF
labor is the most costly of all when large
hocks are managed. No one can enter
the poultry business and make a success
of the venture who delegates the import
ant duties to another. There are too
many risks to incur. The successful man
must begin at the bottom and as the
business grows he must grow with it, by
having a thorough knowledge of all the
required details, which he will gain by be-
ing in daily contact through the several
years Of work and observation.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
The Pekin Duck.

The PcBing duck is a favorite with the
people Of this country, and it deserves all
the popularity it is having. says the Poul-
Try Journal This breed is one OF the
largest and without doubt the most pro-
life among an domesticated breeds. 1t is
not unusual for Picking duck to lay $50
eggs in year, and the highest records
are close TO 2o0 eggs for a single year.
When we consider that ducks are hard
Ter than almost any other class of fowls,
enduring the ssverest weather without
showing signs of distress, that they are
voracious eaters and will eat almost any
kind Of feed that can be reduced to eat
able form. and that they always being
more to the pound than chickens, it is
not surprising that they should hold their
own wherever they are introduced.
Wen kept ducks will begin laying late
in January OF early in February. and will
continue TO lay until they have finished
for the year, usually, although they some
times lay a few eggs in the fall
Although they begin laying early in The
season. they do not lay regularly Until
about March, when an egg for each duck
may be expected every day Duck eggs
bring a better price than hens eggs in
most towns, and always bring more in the
city markets, as they are preferred to any
other kind by bakers
Every farm should have its stock OF
Pekings as Wei as of chickens The ad-
vantage OF keeping chickens over keep
ing ducks IS that hens lay the year
through. while ducks lay half the year
and stop entirely
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12

it is more palatabie TO man it has been
assumed that 1t also be more palatable.
and even more digestible, when fed to do
nestle animals. This is by no means
clear. however. and in fact the results Of
numerous experiments are all the other
way, with very slight exceptions. De
examinations of the relative digesibility
of cooked and uncooked food have gener-
ally shown that the albuminods, or mus
ce-making elements of food-stuffs. are
Sendered less digestiblo by heat, just as
the egg when cooked is less digesuble
than when eaten raw. All albumen is
coagulated by heat, and when coagulated
becomes tougher and less soluble by the
juices of the stomach. More than a dozen
different series of experiments have been
undertaken to determine what effect cook
ing or steaming has upon the flesh and fat
making power of various foods and in
nearly every one of these the result show
ed that given amount of food would
make a larger gain uncooked than cook
ed possible exception is the case of po-
tatoes, in which the amount of albumin
ODDS is very small and the starch very
large. The bursting or breaking up of the
starch globules by heat has been thought
to be an advantage in feeding pigs, al
though dairy cows do not seem to derive
any benefit from the cooking of potatoes
fed them, The Mississippi experiment sta
ton, on the other hand, after several
years trial, finds that steamed cotton
seed will produce more butter and butter
of better quality than either raw cotton
seed or cotton seed meal
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
AnnIxinr INertiIizern.

A writer In the Planters Journal makes
some correct observations on this impor-
tant subject. He says:
The almost universal practice OF the
cotton raisers Of the South is to apply all
fertilizers at or near the time of planting.
j. e.. in the month of April. That this is
not the best, or even a good plan. all who
pretend to know anything about 1t are
agreed; and yet the practice goes on. Why
is It?
The posponement Of the application Of
fertilizers until Planting time has nothing
in lis favor, except, possibly, the conve-
nience OF the individual, while, ON the
other hand, il is an inconsderate and
wasteful plan. and is not. and Ia the very
nature OF things, cannot, be productive
OF best results.
IL ever there was a time when the cot
ton raiser was justified In studying close
economy In not only the purchase, but
also the application Of ferulizers. that time
Is the present
Let cotton get ever so low In price. a
would be aifaise economy that would stint
the crop in the way OF plant food. on the
contrary, both acres and crop need 20 be-
better supplied with plant food than ever
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12

u4arly and continuously employed as Oos-
slole, not being rushed to death with
more 10 do imam is within it's power at
one time and comparatively idle at anOth-
er A rotation, of which the several crops
composing 1t are planted at different
times, can be given proper care and cul-
tivation without interfering with each
other, and which mature at different
times, so that they can be harvested with.
out interference in the demands they
make on the farmers lime, will furnish
this steady, regular employment without
hurry on the one hand or Improbable
adIeness on the other. Some crops ore
weed eXterminators, either because they
smother them or because they require
continuous cultivation, throughout the
growing season, while others encourage
weed growth, and if these last are plant
ed successfully the ground becomes so
foul that it is hardly possible to farm It,
whereas, if the two kinds be alternated,
the land is kept clean. A good rotation
improves the mechanical texture of the
soil, too, for 1t will somewhere in it have
sod TO turn under which, when rotted,
will keep up the supply of humus. Every
crop has its insect enemies and fungus
diseases which grow worse every year if
the same crop is grown continuously on
the same ground, and for some of these
The only known remedy is rotation. We
know of no other means, for example, OF
getting rid of corn smut and potato scab,
and the same is true Of many other crop
pests. Considerable such as those we
have hastily enumerated form the leading
reasons for the adoption on every farm
of a rotation suited 10 its soil needs, mar
ket facilities and other special conditions
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12

much dotted on by the English and the
Canadians as bacon hogs, yielding pos
sibly not more lean meat but less of fat
than is common to the swine OF the corn
growing regions. They cut no appreciable
figure whatever in the pork production
of the United States.
"Tamworths are a slab sided, long leg
ged. big-headed, lardless, unlovely, red,
rusty or sandy, half-civilized sort, from
England. Like the Yorkshires, their adj
mirers in the United States are at present
by no means numerous.
1.-THE Victorias, a modern composite sort.
were originated in Lake county, Indiana,
twenty odd years ago, are white. of med
ium size, and comparatively unhonored
and unsung.
Poland Chinas, Chester Whites, Duroc-
Jerseys, Berkshires, Large Yorkshires or
Whites, and Tamworths are properly
classed as large breeds; the Essex and
Vietorias and Middle Yorkshires as me-
dium-sized breeds, and the Small York
shires and Suffolks as small breeds. AS a
matter Of fact, few Americans are engaged
in rearing any of the small breeds, pre-
ferring those producing animals suitable
for slaughter at an early age, yet cap
able of further growth to any size wished y
1--WE reproduce the foregoing extract be-
cause we think the Information will be use
ful, but must not be taken to endorse the
whole of it. We think highly of the Essex
as a breed of hogs for the South. They
are easy keepers and makers of lean meat.
The Yorkshires we think the finest White
hog bred, but a white hog is not a hog
for a not climate The black man and the
black hog are there at home.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
White African Cuinens

For several years we have kept a flock
of White African guineas upon the farm
and like them very much, says the Farm
er's Tribune. They are more dociie Than
the pearl or spotted guineas. In early
spring they lay in the hen house in the
same nests with the chickens. and be-
come so lame that the eggs may be re-
moved without their leaving The nests.
We have often heard the people who think
they know ali about guineas say that
eggs must be removed from the nests with
out the use of The hands, that is by taxi
ing them out with a spoon or rolling them
away with a stick, but as we have kept
both pearl and white ones, we have come
to the conclusion that that story is a
myth as we always picked them up In
the usual way and never had them change
nests on this account.
But we are very certain that the white
ones are more easily handled We do not
lei the guinea hens raise the young but
set the eggs under a chicken hen; in that
way they become tame while quite small
and never forget
AS layers a guinea hen viii surpass any
breed of chickens that we have ever Kent
as summer layer, and only one or Two
hens will produce all the eggs that one
viii care to eat.
For cooking purposes the eggs are very
rich. and il is said that many fine cooks
prefer them to any other.
We sell them OH the market the same
as any other eggs when we have a cur
plus
AS a table fowl they are delicious. The
meat Of the white ones is not nearly as
dark as the pearl, but either variety makes
as good a dish as any one could desire.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
Errors Regnrding "pin..

Every farmer Knows of the disease styled
pip" and it is an invariable rule to
pinch off a scale from the end of the
birds tongue when it has pip" What is
known as pip" however, is mild form
Of Group or catnrrn, really being in plain
words, "cold in the head" The sound Of
pip from which the disease takes its
name, is produced by sneeze or cough,
the bird making an effortt 10 clear its cog
ged nostrils Being Unable to breathe
through its nostrils the mouth is kept open
and the throat and tongue become dry,
frequently the tongue cracking and be-
coming sore. A scale or scab may be
formed on the end of the tongue, which
disappears after the nostrils are cleared
but when picked off, as is done for them
sometimes, the tongue is made sore. The
better treatment is to keep the bird in a
warm place, inject one or two drops of a
mixture of spirits Of turpentine one part
and olive oil four parts into each nostril.
with few drops down the throat, and feed
on meat bread, milk. or cooked potatoes.
Camphorated oil may be used in place Of
The mixture Il preterred.g IN
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1898-12-12
SOUTH CAROLINA.

I
A"Iie Is RUE OF the state dispensary
board that whenever a bottle of liquor Is
found 10 contain flies. straw. glass or
o ON, foreign substances, as is sometimes
same TO the state dsnensary ana get nre 't
for same.
0''te' Inc Iohg continued e.
iorts TO secure a union depot for Column
bia are soon 10 be crowned with success
1t has been over a year and a half sin 90
this movement was first agitated and the
prospect of work being commenced on The
new depot at an early date is a pleasing
one
spartanburg Evening Star: Many we'll
to-do country people are now seeking en-
ployment in the Loekhart mills. We are
slad TO welcome them, as they form the
better element of the cotton mill help.
ana are more desirable from the fact that
II takes some time to learn to beat, -
ana, further, they are not so migratory in
thelr habits.
The third annual s.,,,,, 80 A.. e--,
annual eiiO" VI 'he spartan
held In thar civ on Do, 90 "a on :.
now an assured success. The civ has
been thoroughly canvassed for premiums.
sa,,,o e t,I nave g.adly donated
ehan7isa a. -. se asolees. aIticies OF mef-
birss oe ~. ~ ~ oileleo as specials for best
'''0 '''iouS pleeus'
Denmark Times: The next Iaeis1a t,,ra cor,
irnmortalze itself nv devis;,g ,o.,,o -.
* 49,. 49,. II. 's 70'i'e pan
- - ~ wy 'aA ieVy' IL Is TOO big,
crop and re5tine. Low 49,, 49, maAing snort
- ~ ~ 7eo'iis low prices TOT u, and find
high taxes. Do something. gentlemen Of
she iegislature' even If you have 10 re-
SION down :" tr,c orae ana cut me Ses-
ing there forty DAYS 10 do nofhiner
80, A, ST.,
- NJ olHis oleu at ms residence
III onahooh FEuay after an Illness of a
fortnight For some time he had bean
IN da,Iinlne haa,tb h,,t !. 49,. nj,
against disease ,,ntu Inc iast es,1,.r, u
cd NV his fan,tI,, arS - Co, our outlu-
tered franoriilv into rect ~, ST.. iie ~
q most nroroi,,o,,t -, t.; oiiii ' tooA
- -, - par III the elVlI war,