davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-13
STAYING HOME FROM SCHOOL.
Being n Short Chapter from the History Of
Little Susan Gratebar.

I'm not going to school this morning. says
little Susan Gratebar. and Mamma Gratebor.
indulgent ever. makes no objection. for the
rain Is falling very heavily, the sky is dark. the
wind northeast-a rainy day.
And so a l~eisurely breakfast for little Susan
a glance at the clock now and then as the school
hour approaches. and II sense OF pleasure as 1t
passes and leaves her here at homo instead OF
finding her In her accustomed place at school.
school and studies: "A novelty Tor home to her
in these unaccustamed hours seems strange.
Just as toany OF us any familiar thing will seem
strange when seen in any otherthan its familiar
relation To other things.
And Susan reads and plays games with her
little brother. and walks abou' the house, and
finally gets a little tired of It all. as any OF Us
welfare some regular employment; TO have. as
the saving Is. our minds occupied. And pres
entity little susan gets interested in the weather
there's a thin place in the clouds. as there often
is even on the ~rainiest Of days. and by com
parison the sky lightens up n good deal. Then
Susan says to her mother:
DO you think it's going to clear oft' ,
But Mrs. Gratehar. older than Susan and
wiser In the weather as In other things. says
she hardly thinks so yet, and sure enough ten
minutes later IL has shut in blacker than ever
and the rain falls more and more heavily. And
SO II goes. the whole day lOng-a rainy day
and Susan doesn't 20 TO school at all. She
stays In the. house, and It gets pretty irksome
before nightfall.
But some time in the night the wind changes
and comes our from the, northwest, The storm
has passed. the. sun shines brightly. and little
Susan is up and of to school bright aud early
and glad to so.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-13
COMMISSIONS IN ConRnINo.
why Brooklyn Children Arc DESTROYS OF
Keeping Shoes in Repair.

heep1nS SHOES III lIepalT.
There must be unsupported profits in the
trade of patching over old shoes. The children
of the household keep their eyes on the shoes
of the current issue. and are quick 20 discern
the first coming of the hole. which is proof that
the sole is worn through and that repairs are
needed. Then the children ara earnest in
their suggestions that the shoes ought TO be
hulf-solcd and heeled at once, right away hes
fore they are worn out any further. As toe
their own footgeur they have become very
fastidious. Attic least sign OF wear IN sole or
upper they exhibit the extent OF the damage,
and ask permission to carry the shoes TO tho
cohbler and have them patched in time.
Somehow this seems different from what 10
used 10 be. when small shoes were worn On
feet that take a much larger SIZE now. tx
memory is not tricky. there was liftle attention
paid by the children Of those days 10 their own
shoes and none AT all 70 the boots and, hoes ot
the elder men beers of the family, la fact. Ger.
tain tendencies IN the shoes OF those days had
10 be met by the insert on OF a copper plate,
over the toes. Perhaps there is q change conl-
ing over the nature OF childhood in respectto
shoes perhaps there is, some connection with
a little sign which may be found tucked down
in one corner OF the window OF nearly every
cheap Italian coOblcr which conveys the intoT-
nation that tive cents Will be given to any boy
or girl bringing in a pair OF shoes TO be- halt
soled and hecled. Al current rates that is 10
per cent. commission, so that one can form
some estimate Of the profits Of cobbling.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-13
was a pavntlcket and on Il was written. Two

w..,1 iWu.b'nee e"NO" y WIS "ai''oh' aN'
There is another story of. the exception
t TReiG mai H59SsF fr tns F Ireland SS %ns e ygeTf sf Hol 2s
head, Harhor. a lady fell into the. water; One
OF tho sailors. an. freshman, lumped over
ing, When sho was safe on deck again tho
husband, who was. n calm spectator of the acct
sen.i; o handSs IA the ne, brave snil % a !. shilling thoi, The ~
dignHtion Mt the mans mennness. when the
sailor. with native shrewdness, threw n new
blame the gintieman: he knows best; maybe
III i hadn't saved her he'd have given me half
q crown. / am disposed to- think that the
husband in this, case was not an lrishman.
History. certainly. does not indicate his ma
Marital relations in Ireland are as q. rule Of
the most harmonious character, md VI y hus-
band and wife do fall ont occasionally and even
resort, to blows they think nothing, the worse
locality in, Dublin, which might with some truth
metropolis. "That's a line black eve you've
oyer her basket Of FISH e Pin Lane; "EtEh9t;;
replied the n~shwoman. Himself ther' hus-
iercclX round on her questioner, she added,
and I'd like to know who had n better right -
outdoor relief for himself and his wife, at the
North Dublin Union. We'll. my good fellow, we
must have evidence that you are legally mar
tee. ,",Begor.. sir, I've tho best proof In the
Surpld" said the applicant. and bending his
yer Homer tIhini.% he added. Ed DO alter
takin, that abuse from any wan but n wife2"
Having such happy homes and faithful wives,
chem behind? An Irish car driver was wrapping
himself up carefully before starting on a jour
,SI i6 on a cold a0 winters s6rs day Ia You seem s ma 70 be be
impatlent fare. T. be shure | am. sur" re-
piled the driver. What's all the wuruid to a
MICuAEL, MlCDONA0H.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-13
CHAPTER XVIII.
IA JoYEusE BATS HER HOOK

Ia JOhEUsE BATE HER hooh'
ON the morrow. the Ambassador OF France
heinR confined 10 his room with "a slight
Guinsy. raught from the marshy nature OF the
Environment Of Thrieve, to which he wa, un-
accustomed, the Earl escorted LADY Sybilla to
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-13
Conditional Agreemeut.
Trnm Hnrn.r'G BaIar.

II wouldn't have refused that young man il
I'd been YOU said u maiden aunt 10 her young
and risky niece
II don think / would either II I'd been you
retQrteu the saucy maiden.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-13
In Case We Can't Just Hit tho Happy SIe-
dfun.

"Isuppose.' said Mr.. Gozzleby. that sum-
Client for our needs is all We want; but II we
should find IL impossible Just to strike that
happy mean and hold il there. why then I
should say that il would be better to have too
much than too little"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03

800 square yards ~ canvas and is copper
shcathcd. an Innovation In the new United
states Navy and FOR tn purpose Of rendering
"A ship comparatively independent OF drydock
and frequent cruises to the navy yards 10
have the bottom Of the hull cleaned. This
shcathing system Is one Of the advantages
possessed also by the Ncw-Orlcans. The lines
II the Princeton are wide departures from
the other classes of warships and give her
a grac. ful appearance from the tip OF her bow
sprii To- the end Of her malnboom. and from the
!, ad watcrlinc 10 The truck Her armament con-
sists II six finch. FOUR G-p,undcr and two T.
p, under rapid fir guns. in two batteries. port
and starboard on the gundeck amdshlps: with
, ne The i-inch guns AZ the bow and another
at the stern on pivot carriages. For the l-inch
guns there are $40 rounds Of ammunition. for
tie t-pound,rs 2OO2 and for the l-pounicrs
POO The engines are II the triple expansion
type and the steam generators are twO single
ended 'Scotch" boilers with two corrugated fur
naccs in each. She was launched on June :. 1897.
Experiments with the dynamite gun n
STATED the accuracy Of fire to be- expected from
this weapon. and this resulted in the construc-
ton + the Ncsuyius She was designed in the
spring + 1856 to cmbody for naval use the
d. developments OF the pneumatic dynamite gun.
which had then been successfully tested up ID "a
calibrr Of eight inches Several ~ the more
progressive. officers " the Navy became
WINGED that If a battery Of dynamite guns or
tubes could bc mounted and successfully opcr-
aicd on a small cruiser or larg" torpedo boat
a new and most Formidable auxiliary Of avail
warfare would be the result AS the primary
office of thc boat was to be- that Of harbor de-
fence it was agreed that large part or The
weight carrying capacity must he gwen up TO
machinery and armament. and this conclusion
was carried out in the Ncsuvius. She was au-
tLofiZcd by an act Of Congress approved August
e. 1856 but this "hcllish outcome of Yankee in-
gcnuity." as she was characterized abroad. was
not ready for her first trial run until January =.
1850 Her speed was little less than twenty
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03

waters. both near and far and from one side to
he other Of his path
The searchight. as this device Is called, Is also
extensively used in the Navy. All cruisers.
hattle-ships and torpedo boat catchers are pro-
0ded with more such lights. The size
md intensity vary according to the service re-
CURED In diameter the projectors. or cylinders.
r1nge from eighteen TO thirty inches and In
ength from two 10 three feet The common
Afc light OF the street consumes about ten
smperes Of current. and Is rated at 200
c8ndle-power. The largest scarchlights used by
this Government require ninety amperes. and
therefore should have something like 10000
eande-power. This matter Of light measure
ment however is a complicated thing. and the
ease is modified greatly by the employment Of
ne paraboc mirror
In clear weather the beam thrown from a
ships searchlight can be seen fifteen or twenty
miles away. person into whose face II is pro-
jected. when only five or six miles away Is
likely 10 find it rather dazzling. The white
sails Of a schooner thus Illuminated can be per
oedved with glass from the vessel employing
ne light ten or fifteen miles off.
But the chief use to which this apparatus Is
put by warships is the detection of torpedo
boats Not only are these small craft win
little superstructure. but they are painted to
look like the sea-dark gray. dark green. or
Kindred hue. Germany prefers a bluish-gray
Tor her torpedo boats and France a leaden color
The latter tint was used on the Almrante con-
cell and Almirante Lynch in the Chilian civii
wal. six or eight years ago. when those boats
entered the harbOr Of Iquique unpcrceived In
D"'4 when the American torpedo-boats Stietto
ana Gushing tried. successfully. TO enter New
pon Harbor without detection by the naval
sncers keeping watch with the aid OF search
ushts those vessels were almost black. having
previously worn an olive green coat.
VI course, an object Of this class could not be
discovered at any such distance as a ships can
Vas No torpedo boat is expected TO become
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03

questions which vitality affect the cost Of coast
defences without q thorough grasp Of the capa-
blities and disabilities Of modern ships OF VA
and the possibility Of employing them in gwen
waters.
The next question which arises is that of the
positions which it is necessary TO defend. having
regard to the requirements OF naval strategy
the ono hand and local requirements on tho
other Once the positions are decided ther geo
graphical position with respect TO the posSipie
bases OF the nation against which the country
Is to be defended Is defined 1t becomes possible
to lay down for each port the most prppaDie
form and strength OF attack. the nature OF yes,
sells likely TO be employed. the number ahu
nature Of the guns needed. and the suitabillty
Of submarine mines 10 the local condItIVhS
These questions can only he properly uea''u
by naval experts accustomed to deal WIN con
d,ions of this class II is for naval officers alone
10 say whether the lO-inch gun. capable OF
piercing twenty inches OF "rough'-lf"h ar'i'pI
at one thousand yards. Is required say TOT tle
offences OF Sandy Hook. or whether Hihc
field is desirable at a great commerciai pot'
Offering such peculiar conditions as. say 'a'
weston. Only when the above questions nav
been decided do the functions OF the soldier
The probable strength and form Of attack hav-
ing been laid down by the sailor the soidirr -
able TO fix the necessary strength or tne gar
rjson This OF course. Is ideal coast defence
II is carried out to perfection only In Germany
The functions which coast defence are caPap'r
Of performing are Of three kinds:
Lyrst- TO prevent the use OF a harbor by an
enemy for the purpose either of shelter or oil
landing troops
Second-To bar harbor or chahhei OF ap
proach end exclude an enemy i'o"' '"' '''''''
waters. 49,, ,,o,,,,o,, ~ =
Third-To prevent the bonbaidheh' u i"
backward. town or arsenal ,,o, a., o,a;
cuns will in most cases best fulhl the cohnl-
,iope of No l. Submarine mines. supported ny
rapid-Gre guns capable Of dealing WIN poa' in
might seem capable Of performing NO. :. Du' III
The case of almost every port OF the country .'c
unreetricted entry Of friendly vessels ~ OF the
first Importance. and unless 1t can be SHOWN ~
that no dangerous restrictions are iii'ol''o -,
Tho use of mines. guns must be proVineu. "unS
';,l in ali cases be necessary for No. j. but may
,h,ant 70 the condition above stated, be com
bined with mines. ,co,oo tho
aaIn copditions TO be fulfilled are as fOlloWS'
First-To bring the most effective ure uPo" '
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03

water approach. at the position where the diff
cultics OF navigation are greatest for the ship.
Second To cover with effective fire all water
from which the ship would be able To inict
damage. either upon the defending works
upon the dockyard. town or shipping which it is
intended to protect
Naval bomharlment is more or less a bug
bear. Considering the small amount OF ammu-
milton carried ~ modern ships % and the
moderate eject likely 10 be Obtained. orious
hombardmcnt Of undcfendcd forts. more cspc-
cially II ut distance from an cncuys base,
is not likely TO he carried out. II may be taken
as certain however that commandment will not
be undertaken from ships themselves under ef
fcctivc lire.
The appliances at the disposal Of coast de-
fence are many and powerful. including guns
mines. tOrpcdOes. scarchlights ani position find
ers. Meanwhile the ship herself has grown less
capable Of attacking coast d"frnces. unless sp,-
ciaily constructed Tor the purpose. and even
then her protected armam"nt IS numerically
weak. By far The greater portion Of the ndvics
Of IN" world cannot join combat with we'll
tons against coast works are not likely 10 10
undertaken in the future unless there are special
reasons to doubt the efficiency Of the organiza-
ton and resources Of the defence. While. how
ever. science has conferred great benefits upon
coast defenccs. II has made new demands upon
the defenders. To control and direct 10 the best
advantage the various elements which so to the
modern defence OF a port is no easy task An
organization carefully developed In time OF
peace and training at once thorough and
all-embracing. more than ever needed. Fail
ing such organization and training. the full use
Of the powerful weapons which scientific prog
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03
ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.


visible. even il the beam Of a searchlight is
thrown squarely upon her moro than two or
three miles away. Indeed. it takes wonderfully
keen eycsight. powerful marine glass and con-
tinu"d sweeping of the searchight from side to
side to detect such an assailant single mile
away. OF course. the nearer the boat comes to
the ship which she seeks to attack the greater
are the chances of discovery. But when she is
only a mile OF she needs only three minutes
hardly that-to come close TO the vessel and
launch torpedo; and that is very short time
in which To train a light rapid-irc gun her
and sink her. Wide differences of opinion pre-
vail among naval experts regarding the value of
Scarchlights in hunting torpedo-boats
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03
sEARCHLIGHTS IN THE NAVY
Used MAINLY TO DETECT HOSTILE TOR
PEDO-BOATS.

,,.,,IR ARRANGEMENT AND POWER EMPLOYED
ON MERCHANT VESSELS TOO.
IN all thoroughly modern steamships. both in
No Navy and the merchant service. electricity is
,yaed about as extensively and for the same pur-
noses as on land For interior illumination.
s.turally. the incandescent lamp is employed
mis- system subdivides the light into small
unita and distributes 1t. The Sound steamers.
Ire floating palaces Of the Hudson and the At
hntic liners also carry for occasional use an
arc light This is placed aloft. outside. mas
much as a ship finds her way across the sea by
Axith rather than by sight. she does not need
outdoor illumination except when coming into
harbor and making her wharf. Under such
circumstances at night it is particularly helpful
b the pilot in finding channel buoys and pick
tng out his slip. to be able to use d powerful arc
light
This type of lamp as employed on ship diff
fers from that in common service along a city
street The latter is permitted TO throw its rays
equally in all directions At sea cup-shaped
mirror Is placed behind it so as to concentrate
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03
THREE FIGHTING CRAFT.
THE NEW CRUISER NEW ORLEANS. TIiB
GUNBOAT PRINCETON AND THE
DYNAMITE-GUN CRUISER
NESI'NIIS

The New-Orleans. formerly the Amazonas.
was under construction for the Brazilian Navy
by ihc Armstrong;. at New Castle England.
when she was purchased with the Albany 0or-
merry he Almirantc AbroualD. by the United
States. on March II. She is a twin-acrew steel
cruiser Of thu same general type as the Cincin-
natl and Raleigh. which were recently built by
the United States. the former at tn Ncw-fork
Navy Yard and the latter at the Norfolk Navy
Yard She is of the class known as second
rate and although inferior To- the san Fran
cisco. Philadelphia and other like vessels OF tho
nd rate. is superior to those OF the Atlanta.
Il, SION and Montgomery class
The principal Dimensions ~ the Ncw-Orleans
are: Length. go feet; breadth OF beam. ID feet
. inches. draught. IL feet 10 inches. displace-
ment 3 100 tons horsepower 100. estimated
speed. ~ knots. As compared with the Raleigh
she Is 80 feet longer and II, feet greater beam.
but draws more than foot less water. Tho
Raeigh's speed is about 10 knots but AZ tho
latter has - per cent more horse power ara
her displacement is 2i7 tons less. 1t would seem
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03
CHEFRFTL. THOTGH BLVD.


Doesn't il seem strange that the average per-
son afflicted with hopeless blindness should nave
a cheerful disposition" remarked 4 phIpS"ihlc
citizen "Youl generally find ia" blini g''h-
naturcd" Did II never occur u You that
they're happier that way than the would DE "
they rcgaincd their sight asked his com
panion. a prominent physician. let IN" clir a
case in point Some years ago / was called 10
TO prescribe for an cstimablc oil woman VINO
was suffering from slight cold. She MAS ~.
terly blind and had been 40 for forty years.
took "A look AT her eyes. and Immediately came 10
the conclusion that her sight could Do" r'si"i"i
Her blindness had come upon her when she was
about thirty years old and At ihai Tim" the
science Of ophihalnDlpgy was IN lis infancy.
she was delighted at the prospect OF regain
ing her vision. and put herself under IN" car"
IF "A specialist. Her sight was soon rest req I"
her but il made her changed woman Shr
had been cheerful and happy before. but now
she became misanthropir and pcrvish Every
thing was changed for her. For forty years she
had carried in her memory the bright. rosy
faces Of her children. Now. when she saw th"in
as ,rayhaircd men and women she was disap-
pointed cO:....-icly disillus'oniZ"d. Ana 50 II
vas with many other things The beautiful
dreams OF her blindness were better than the
visual realities.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03
THE HETGHT or cor RTESY.
From The Chicago Tribune.

From The Chicago Tribune.
Stanley Gary grandson Of the Postmaster
General Is often brought To washington Tor a
visit Saturday he came over to spend the DAY.
and il Was arranged that lie was 10 haV" the III
tie son Of the Chinese Minister q" play WIN. as
early ~ Monday Stanley trl"phonrd over To ms
Amt Jessie and called "Jct' iol 50 ne pro.
uounces her name. Pm just studying a. nara
as I can DO you want 70 know what IN learn
ing|'
She tclcphoncd back. "Ycs
.Tm learning pigeon English 10 talk To the
little Chinese boy when come 10 ashina'on
Saturday,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03
WHAT COAST DEFENCE MEANS
THREE PRINCIPAL. FUNCTIONS OF THE MOD
ERN SYSTEM.
From The Iron Age.

From The Iron Age
In endeavoring to explain what should be COM
pretended by the term coast defence. shall
quote in eXtenso the remarks Of Major g. Syden-
ham Clarke, Royal Engineers. who in 1890 pub
lished an authoritative work on Notifications
The standard OF the sea defence Of a port
that is the number and nature OF its guns
depends solely upon the armament and degree OF
protection Of the ships from which attack can
reasonably be expected. There is therefore no
possibility OF arriving at any proper decision on
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03

the light. A more pre-
else way Of stating
the fact would be TO
say that the rehec-
tors curve Is a para
bola In whose focus
the arc Is adjusted.
The rays are project
ID, therefore, almost
parallel TO one an
other In a beam OF
great intensity, In
stead Of being scat
tered everywhere.
The light and mir
ror are inclOsed in q
metallic cylinder,
with a glass front 20
exclude rain a n d
Wind. Although it is
usually aimed almost
horizontally, il is pos
sible 10 change the
adjustment so that
the path OF the beam
shall incline a little
upward or downward
The apparatus is also
mounted so that an
operator standing IN
dGpeath can rotate II
m . complete circle.
he does b Is by
means Of a rod and
wheel like those Of
the oil d-fashioned
Otea nc ar brake.
mus the mariner Is
able 10 sweep the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03
TIE AMAZDNAS

.ess has PLACID at our disposal is not merely
debarr-d but In the complication - these weap-
ons themselves there lies danger. The lighting
organization OF the port must be- as complete IA
that OF the ship Of war.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-04-03

that the speed OF tho
purchased vessel is a
matter of speculation
10 be determined by
actual work.
The armament OF
the Ncw-OrlcanS is as
follows: Ten J-inch.
six G-inch. four IL
inc h. a n d four l.
pound er rapid fire
guns. ard two land
ing guns. s h . W as
launched in 1896. and
was not quite ready
for active service
when she sailed On
March % for New
York.
The Princeton il n
composite sin GLE
screw SunbOat II
1000 tons displacc-
mcnt. and Is one II
the six vessels u the
Annapolis class au-
thor.Z"i by Congress
On March >. l>gJ. Her
principal dimensions
are. Length on water
line. l6N feet. breadth
Of beam. 20 feet: nor
NAL draught. - feet.
Indicated horse power.
speed. H. knots.
complement II crew.
IL officers and III
men. She is bark
rugged. $ prea d ns
Arizona republican., 1898-07-11
Five days.

vent excesses by the Cubans. They will have to take care of practically the entire province of Santiago. Of the force to be left not over one regi- ment will be from the regular army.
 The administration is said to have come to the conclusion that from 80,- 900 to 100,00 men will have to be sent against the city of Havana. This is more apparent since the game fight put up by the Spaniards at Santiago. It is seen that unless Spain soon seeks peace the fighting around Havana will be fierce and protracted. The cam paign may go on for a month after Uncle Sam's forces land unless Blanco is compelled, by starvation and inter- nal troubles, to surrender.
 There are said to be thirty miles of i intrenchments in front of Havana. Line after line of strong Qualifications have been erected for this distance 1 That means fighting from the first