The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-12-09
ADVANTAGES OF EXPANSION.
Americas Capabilities for Reapiug the
Fruits of n Vast Astatic Trade.

Amer1Cn'b SuDHDliitltb % NchIbluh tbo
Fruits of n VAST Asiatic Trade.
The first OF a series of free lectures to be
given under direction Of the Fortnightly Ii
bary Olubo Of Brooklyn was delivered last night
10 the Hendrix Street Baptist Church by Mr..
C. @. Adams. The course will include lectures
BY Justice Gaynor. w. A. McAndrew. Edward
II. Shepard and Andrew Mclean. The sub
ject chosen last night by Mr.. Adams was Our
New Colonies" The lecturer was introduced
By John T. McKechnie. Mr.. Adams's dis
course related chiefly to the material advan-
tages that we may expect to derive from our
new colonial possessions. He showed that
long ago we became the leading Agricultural
nation and within the past ten years we had
become the greatest manufacturing nation OF
the world. Nine years ago we had only to in
.rease the value OF our annual OUTPUT Of manu-
features one-fourth to make 1t worth double
the annual product OF Great Britain. our near
est competitor.
Within the past fifteen years a number OF
rsmarkable-facts had combined to make it
possible for us to compete with every other
nation for our proper share Of the worlds
trade and to place US in a position where colo
MES would be advantageous to us. Among
these circumstances he mentioned the fact
that distance had ceased to be an important
element in the cost Of freightage. Such i'm
provements had been made in steam boilers
and engines that a pound OF coal now did the
Work that three pounds did twenty years ago.
A result OF improvements in machinery was
that it cost now only about one-fifth as much
TO carry a ton OF wheat from New York to Ger
many or France as 1t did twenty years ago.
We could send a bale OF cotton from New York
to Liverpool as chcaply as it could be carried
by rail from Glasgow to London. .Argen-
tiUail urhaaf tia1Ja trara mot fHr from fha eaa .
but she had no advantage over our wheat car
ried LOO miles to the ocean because our rail
freight rates Tor wheat had fallen to less than
hall what they were twenty-five years ago.
Our miami freight rates were the cheapest in
The world both by land and water. These low
change commodities with the entire world.
.Onr skill i'll the use OF the superior machin-
ey We have invented had also so far cheap
oned, the cost OF our manufactures that we
could AT last compete with Europe in the price
Of many Of The most important articles OF In
labor was about double European prices.
among Illustrations OF our successful rivalry
u foreign markets Mr.. Adams mentioned the
Increasing sale OF our pig iron. sewer pines.
cutlery and machinery in Great Britain, hith-
erto supposed to lead the world i'll iron and
bteel and their manufactures.
We are thus prepared. by cheap rates and
our ability to, sell many lines OF goods in COM
petition with European manufacturers to
claim our 1ull share OF international commerce..
and we must claim It.. because the time has
come 90 when we cannot begin 70 consume what
w nohuldcluEt. 10 RtU ana nOiu InlS TRADE
we must have the commercial advantages that
OUT rivals have acquired.
nMe must have a merchant marine. We
70 i1reigners for freight carriage and compete
Win othsr nations in trade. One, OF the first
tae syaIo,o o. our new colonies viii be the rapid
shown in President Mckinley MESSAGE. Az
ready cad = new line, of steamers has been started
IRON Seattle in the Honolulu trade.
VIZ must have coaling stations. Three
aouFths OF the worlds commerce depends upon
s stsd i by T 9Ss Ust fIoree, ,d and fns al! d the rover err
the wal. We have acquired a ifiinne, Of e9aiiinEg!
We must have our full share.of the greatest
NV markets In the world among the 50O.U0O,-
SSJs cope Wh9 i've IN southeast Asia and its ISL
~ 10 itseli. the greatest advantage Of ournew
tIiands Is that they will be stepping stones and
The A.isn coa nSts'' 4 ,Gr M lane lar i F5Ha'e and de ceb Si
E y are n touch with all these Oriental mar
lore, HHnneeyy WI help to DO for us what si9ea-
liz England; which commands half OF the en-
East . 'c csnon q r the Orient =. p Trade with the Far
Hnt These intermediary stations between tile
ts'ann popnlation and the foreign trader. This
AMI smhy huss!a and Germany have fastened to
Hse now ourselves part aud marcel OF the
, piatspTE dio Mit6 vested Interests there. and com
npment, aud this fact will HELM us 10 make and
sommarc. an enormous opening there for our
The speaker contrasted the poyerty. stricken
Jaw undereloped Philippine Islanders with the
thna"IeHe. VINO have schools. good roads and
ny uensest population Of any tropical land.
EinSnLsot we tl.lipinos were of the same race
Jaw ana their islands equalled O excel!ed
LIS ~ natural resources. Wha, he Dutch
cS"id uohe Tor the Javanese the Americans
com any anu would do for the Filipinos. The
i xjneIce 81 these islands amounted nearly
,osS,0,WHI.VVO last year. In spite of bad govern
.nnrr anu revolution, and there was room for
tsr ~ In'9us EXPANSION. The sneaker also re-
lhe eo the advantages which Porto Rico and
addedp asMallal Islands would offer us, ard
IN " Lnat our people did not undere stimate
;bsv "IeIEhtv problems before them, nor did
unins vetleve this country would prove inept,
the mi narrow or unwise In It's dealings with
" "'''ohs who had come into our fold,
'e"h Probationary Firomen Dropped.
dar .t commissioner scanncll revoked yeste--
man w pfohatlonary appointment of fourteen
Ti,n VINO had been taken into the Brooklyn
hea, DeraItmeht II month ago and who had
TSars 5he civil service eligible list for two
ibe rso, ne revoked their PpoOintment because
down tr!.ements as to age aud heigh as laid
Of liz ~ NE charter We're not fulfilled. Some
years neIl were over the reIuired age OF thirty
iommisHd were under . feet inches tall. The
he appoinIooIer did not know these facts when