Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-12-01
Farmers, institute al wiIiiamatown

tufe was held in the Town hall, Williams
town. on Tuesday The attendance was
large. the farmers and their wives, sons
and daughters. turning out almost en-
masse to all the sessions. There was q
fine display Of fruit, vegetables and grain,
the product of that section.
The address of welcome was made by
William II Eldridge, County Superintend-
ent of schools, who spoke of the educa.
tional resources of the farmers, as com.
pared to hose of few years hack. He
said farming was today success only
when brains and science were applied with
muscle and Drawn, and the agriculturist
to succeed, must keep in line with the
march of improvement.
THE DAIRY FOB PROFIT.
The address of George L Gillingham,
lecturer of the New Jersey State Grange
on " Improvement ia the Dairy and Dairy
Work, in Oder to Secure Greater Profits,
was listened to with marked attention,
some of his methods and experiences
occasioning vigorous discussion.
He said one of the first important factors
in impro ing the dairy was in the selection
of the herd. By the aid of charts he
explained what should be the appearance
OF a good, profitable COW, Improbable
animals" said he, should be discarded.
Their care is only drain on the farmers
pocketbook."
He counselled care in feeding the herd.
Negligence in this line often spoils toe
cow for dairy purposes. He urged the
farmers to keep close track of what their
diaries were doing. keeping and breeding
from only those animals which were able
to transform the greatest amount OF food
into the required product.
Another improvement noted by the
speaker was to use food that had feeding
value The use of grain and various meal
feeds for fertilizing values were suggested,
and also plant food, which is of rare
value.
The environment of the COW was adj
vanced as cardinal factor in improving
the dairy. Warm quarters with the proper
ventilation are required to bring about the
best results. The farmer to have greater
prof s on his dairy must make use of his
intelligence and adopt scientific methods.
The speaker touched on the Importance OF
individuality in the COW. Pedigree was
all right, bat it didn't make the COW.
The mixing of breeds, the speaker
thought, rarely brought any profit to the
dairymen
He concluded by giving some whole,
some advice to the dairymen tn the various
lines Of improving the dairy.
THE INSECT PESTS.
Professor John B Smith, State Euto-
mologist, made an instructive address on
Injurious Insects and Their Treatment "
He spoke of the pests, which are common
among the farmers in this section, and gave
them valuable ADVICE for the future.
Insects, he said, often feed on more
than one crop. Some insects do consider.
able damage to one crop and on SEINE other
crop they are almost harmless
The wisdom is, therefore, apparent OF
studying the appetite of the various in
sects and giving them crop which they
do not fancy and will not destroy.
In the districts where the growing of
tomatoes is an important vocation. blowing
up the field in the Fall of the year is one
remedy of Kidding the soil of thousands of
insects, which otherwise would have come
out in the Spring and attacked the tomato
vine.
Weeds and neglected fields are the
main source Of the great variety of insects,
hence the wisdom Of clear culture is
apparent.
:" A study of the insect and its habits is
of more value to the average farmer than
to cover his field with all sorts of alleged
remedies, which, in many cases. only
aggravate the condition of affairs
The best results are often obtained by
changing the crops from one field to another,
so that the same crop will not be on the
same ground year after year. The rotation
of crops often works out diseases when the
farmers know what crop to follow differ
ent one with.
The time of planting is also important
in dealing with the insects. The changing
of the date of planting often results in
escape from the ravages of the insects.
In squash growing the injury to the crop
can often be prevented by planting a
trap crop, which natures early and
affords protection to the late crop.
Spraying with kerosene is one of the
best remedies tor the lice on fruit trees
which are most destructive in wet wealth
err"
Miss Emma c. Sickels, Secretary of the
National Pure Food Association, pleased
the farmers wives with practical talk
and illustration on General Cooking
Methods" She demonstrates that the
American housekeeper is throwing away or
giving to the cattle the best part of the
table food, and in her remarks she shows
the way to save expenses on the table and
yet have better food.
POULTRY FARMING.
The opening address of the evening was
made by Mrs F. H. Valentine, OF Gran
ford, on Poultry Farming for LADIES'
She advocates the poultry yard as a COM
pensating part of the farm work for the
women, and gave valuable suggestions Cd
poultry production for profit.
7. B Terry, of Ohio, made the closing
address on the Wife's Share" which was
replete with wit and bumor He believes
in the partnership arrangement between
the farmer and his wife. The one helps
the other, and the profits of the farm belong
to both.
Another session was held on Wednesday.
The Washington University Fund.