New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-05-01

PAEk-GN 4iiiiN4-NN VT H+NO4t1i-N
THE NEGROES FIRST TO THE FRONT.
CHATTANOOGA April 30 (speciaD.-A generation
,os grown up since this beautiful spot attracted
,he attention of the American people. To those
bo were acquainted with the Cumberland region
.ho ,,raggl!ng village OF twenty-five hundred In
nsbrants had tong been known as a heathfu-
'o,,-csoue place. to which many mt mbers OF tho
,oi,bv class came every year for season OF
s, IN the mountains In 1862 It gained new no
.,e,v because Of the important part which 1t
,ovoa i2 the nght for the Union The place was
i.o1 most at the junction Of three States
r.,.ssee Alabama and GeorCia-and both armies
,nougat US iegic Importance so great mat 'h'!
cont desperately for its possession THOUSANDS
:. o-rned men fell and were wounded In the con-
e,,,s which took place in and near the little place
@rd the name OF Chattanooga became known III ali
IS Of the world where people read of The CIVIL
Var
rhere are many men in Chattanooga today who
,orenlher the DAYS OF the war. but now Wheh Io'
.to second time in It's history Il becomes military
centre it IS out Of pace 10 review briefly the
circumstances which LED up 10 the battles OF Cha'-
,,,ooca and Chic kamauga. which. according 10 the
,es,rrony Of military experts. resulted in
,he cap;u~e Of Chattanooga by the Union forces
and made a turning point In the war
The Union Army OF the Cumberland under Gen
,-o- Rosecrans and the Coiifederates. under Gen
-,, r}~agr were the contestants for the prize.
Durirg the summer ROsecrans had moved mo
so.taern Tennessee and on September ne 'ooN
nossessloa Of Chattanooga from which place I'ass
ha6 been forced 70 retreat. Rosecrans thought uA'
che Condolences were In full retreat and ne
.,or,ed n pursuit, but Bragg had received large
endorsements and expected more. under Long
s,ree: There seemed 10 be 4 possibility OF 'eC0N
eng Chattanooga. so Bragg halted his army TO
give battle 10 the Union forces
CONCENTRATED NEAR CH1CKAMAUGA.
Both armies were scattered IN the mountains pu'
q, September 20 they became corcentrated near
cA,,kanauza Creek and the clash took place the
ray. sav For a whole day the TWO armies ioush'
and raanpuvred. and when evening came "e.4'''
Size had gained advantage. The heN' ohy'
hight and early the conflict was resumed. ana me
Confederate star began 70 rise. l"ngstreet hao
co-,e 10 Rracg's rescue. and was placed IN com
ro.n5 Of the eft Of the Confederate Inc; POLK mao
charge OF ;he advance forces General George II
Thomas was in command Of The Union left' ana
Rad the glory OF renu.sng the attack OF foIK
While Lorestree: was keeping Rcsecrans busy
-he day was fast turning in favor OF me oes
,.ra.a Confederates 4 wide gap IN the Union cen
ire caused ~ misunderstanding or Dau'F exc
cutea order. gave the Confedcraies an aoNa"'"se
which they were not SOW profit by. They poured
through the gap in great numbers ana a''acheu
the corps led by McCook and Crt'enoen' or'V"e
,her, before them in confusion l. was q SAD ga!
n IN. history OF the Union Army and Genera
Ros.crans telegraphei from his headquarters IN
Chattanooga to Washington that his "hoie army
nod b4en beaten and the people Of the Nor'h
I'D all WIN svrnpathized with the Union cause be
leved that this key 10 the South had neen los' ~
the Union.
r,ut Thomas who held the eft Of the line, had
been forgotten in the calculations The "hoie No'F
tederate column thrown against ms co'hpaIH
,ive,v small force and Thomas held his own on
the nigh, OF September p he fell back on Cha''a-
rooga in good order. But the Confederates h"u
Gained a victory retaining the field and forty guns
and many prisoners ,.
forces engaged In the battle numbered about MY
,bousaod or Eve thousand less than the Union
forces The Union Army lost l.6Ai In killed, VIZ
wounded and 1915 were captured by the Ooh1eUe'-
&c. The losses on the Confederate side were. as
nearly as could be learned from incomplete 'eco'oS
12s, killed ss74 wounded and $50 missing
General Rosecrans was relieved from command
month later and the Army OF the Cumberland was
made one with the Army OF the ono ana ''e
Army OF the Tennessee. and placed IN command OF
Genera. Grant With him IN the ne" Department
Of the Mississippi came sherman, Thomas Hoohe'
md Burnside Thomas n command OF Nha'-
,a,ooga which was bes.ercd by the ConfedeTates'
Grant who was determined to raise The siege De-
gan operations. which soon resulted III ieope"'"s
the line Of supplies and n short time the iofces
&. Chattanoosa were increased unul me hf'ny "'
thu, no3nt numbered eighty thousand
pATTER1Es Of THE HIGHLANDS.
cha.,auoosa is bull, in & valley. and on the semi
circular ridge which commanded the SITUATION ''.e
Corfecerates were strongly 'ntrenchea ana 'o'u-
eea on the south IS Lookout Mountain on 'ne
eas. e Missionary Ridge. on Doth h's''d''uS
Song batteries were planted. with which inc va
H. ,ofov. co,,ld have been swept clean Slowly
but surely Grant was closing up on INC DesIes.is
army n the mountain passes and natu'"' -
cations On November % the Union Army io','N
the Confederate riokets back and the next uay
la
clouds. d
deree fog concealed Lookout Mountain aho
under cover OF this Fighting Joe" HOOKER Ieu zen
thousand men up the steep incline surprised '.'
enemy drove his forces from the mouh'd'" 80.
ness and PLANTED on the summit the Inioh 'ns
s,sl,ad Win heroes blood and battered by the
e,e,o,s sh,, and shell Beside the strategic POM
Hooker cupturcd two thousand prlsoNers anu '"',
sands Of arms. Two GAYS alter Sherh'nn n.c
az attack on Missionary Kfge Inc ON az
fought desperately. but III" conhiH'd 'o'''
Sheridan. Wood and BarG could not be "''hS'o''
General Bragg says % the battle:
Inc enemy. having secured much of our artillery,
soon awaited Themselves o. our pal ic' ~ r,ot,
ana Ell rendering them wholly untenahle fo rtur
na;ey Il nov near uighiaN; anr ~, ,r 80
but unknown 20 the enemy The Togtcd Ley r MINI
ns way pax ~ eIg@, ,,io - affairs II was de-
cideG - put the army IN motion fOr Il pom, 'ui ro,
thai we .gni have some time replenish ana re-
ouperate for another struggle.
H. this battle. known as the Bate OF MlsSIon-
az Ridge. the Union side lost 757 IN killed. so
wounded and 800 missing. The Con'ed'fa'es 10y
sbout four thousand Killed and wounded an" ',''-
q their army fel into the hands OF Inc nv"
Army as prisoners. together with forty guns ana
seven thousand stands q small arms.
ANOTHER ARMY AT CHATTANOOGA
Ano,hc- army has been gathered al Cha''ahooe"
This month The village Of three thousaho n'S
grown to he city Of thirty 1--WE thousand WIZ"
broad well-pavod streets. beautiful Duiui"ss MS
commercial establishments. electric raiIiohos anu
o. that goes 70 make a modern town. Lookout
Mountain 10 tie 90 II which the Rnllant sOdIcIs