davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
The Best Plaster.

A piece of flannel damped WIKI C1am.
berlain's Pain Balm and bouud Oh u
the affected parts is sup rior To ~!
plaster. When troubled with pau
in the chest or side, or lane "cS,
give il a trial. You are cefte.n TO NC
more than pleased with the premp' re-
lief which it affords. Pain Balm il 4t'y
q certain cure for rheumatism r.
sale by ]. H. Janney, Druggist 9-
King street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

The CUBAN insurgents have nov
made formal demand upon this coun-
try for enough money to pay their ban
dltu, VIZ, If will be remembered
would neither fight, mend roads, "oi
wait on the wounded men who were
deceived into going to Cuba to free
them from the alleged tyranny OF thc
Spaniards. The insurgents are not M
merous, but they unquestionably have
enough gall for two or three Islands as
large as their own.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
The Markets.

New YORK. Nov. % -Wheat-Dec opened
IS closed 65; May opencd CT, closet 6 L.
Corn-Dec opened 33la, closed 1872; May
34a. closed 34as4. Oats-Dec opened 26la;
closed 26as May opened 265s closed 26a!
Pork-Dec opened IS % closed So 05.
CHICAGO, Nov. 23-Tbe market closed as
follows: Whest-Eov 67H; Dec 67sss
671b May 665s Corn-Nov 331sa3344
Dec 331ss3314; May 34aa. oats-Nov
257s,,; Dec 257s; May 26i4a26ss
GEORGETOWN, Nov. 23.-Whest 65a72.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

As THE Chesapeake and Ohio canal
is competitor of the Baltimore and
Ohio railroad for the Cumberland coal
trade, it would not be at all surprising
if the railroad, which for years has
been trying to close the canal, shall get
possession of it. as now seems probable,
would achieve its object, and then have
a monopoly of the coal carrying trade
from the Cumberland mines to tide
wafer
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

The negro troops are becoming more
and more Objectionable. The Mayor
OF Chattanooga has requested the Sec.
rotary of War to remove 8 negro regi-
meut now stationed there. Whether
at home or abroad, negro troops, reeu-
lars or volunteers, add no credit to the
army. But they can draw pensions
lust as we'll as white soldiers.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

DR.. HoGE A MAsoN.-Rer. Dr.Moses
D. Hoge was last night 10 Richmond
made q Mason on sight. Some time
ago, it will be remembered that DR..
Hoge's buggy was run down by an
elsctric car, and the venerable and dis
tinguished divine received serious in.
iuriee, one or more of his ribs having
been broken. He has not entirely re-.
covered, and the ceremony of making
him Mason had to be executed in his
chamber. Dove Lodge, of Richmond,
repaired to his residence yesterday
evening, headed by Grand Master Of
Virginia Judge R. T, W. Duke, jr., and
the degrees were conferred while DIR.
Hoge sat up in his bed. He made an
address after the ceremony to the Ma
sons gathered in the room. 1t is the
first time the honor of comforting Ma
sorry in this menner ever took place
in Virginia.
After the ceremony Dr.. Hoge declar-
ed himself a member of Dove Lodge,
Worshipful Master Lockwood appoint.
ed him one of the chaplains of the
lodge, and DR.. Hoge exercised the
functions of thai Office in the closing of
the lodge.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
Massacred by Indians.

PORT T, wNsESD. Wash Nov. 23.-A
party OF 10 gold seekers left Puget Sound
last May to seek their fortunes in Alaska
At Dutch Harbor tie party was joined by the
Rev. Mr. Weber, Moravian missionary,
his wife and child, vino were going to estab
fish a mission station on the Kuskowim
While trying TO enter the river the schooner
was wrecked, but all reached shore. That
night while asleep the entire party was muir
dered bv Indians
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

ADMIRAL DEWEY, like Admiral
schley, scouts and fouts the idea that
he is. or ever was, democrat. The
fact that both these officers waited ur-
I'll informed that the republicans had
secured control of both branches OF
Congress for two years more, before an
nouncing themselves publicly as repub-
licsns, is, and by no means unnatural
". well calculated to suggest, especially
to those who have poor opinion OF
human nature, uncomplimentary idess
in respect of their entire disinterested'
mass
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

missioner Of Revenues Office vas ,.o..-
from the Common Council and ps..a5 is 81
following vote SS''7' oy tie
Ayes, Messrs. Havener. Dobie H.
Curtin, Sweeney aud SIr. pre.i5 1icEe9
Noes, none 4eAI-G
The following we're received from tbo r.
mon Council and their action On o' we ,on-
A resolution instructing the Nayor - t'eo II :
two citizens, not stockholders Of ,Sa 'PHP ,
Company, to investigate rumors of co. "a.e'
nation Of water used in this ci,v s s1-l1
petition OF F. G. Swaine also re.6n p.so tae
structlng the Clerk of the Gas to renor ,'9 H.
City Council at its first meeting in NJ ~ he
certain information asked for sso 1C ..43
ton requiring Peter Brown, John ''3 NJ
shall, Jane E. Harper, Alber. and - " ''3 4
Stuart, Mrs Matilda Rafferty,, A. DG.. w., !! I
tate, Mrs. Sarah Puivis, John Lspnor,. : e.
tate; Mary D. Ashby's estate. l.. Grr1-5..l Is
James McWilliams. Vim. B. Eurwl.io 'r's ''
tate, Mrs. Fannie Dixon. Nav e ~! T.
Joshua Hsrrison's estate, ". Il. I,w;- ~
tate, Walter g. Rogers, Laura Berrr t.
+. Carlin's estate and the Trustee. o S'. !! 6
Second Presbyterian Church to ress.- IN. VI
sidewalks. 'Ae''
The board then adjourned
w. II. MARBURY. pr-..9a..
Teste: 3. E. KNIGHT. Jerk
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
COURT OF APPEALS.

Hadners admr. vs. Chesapeake and Ohio
Railway Company. Further argued and
submitted. y
CARRIER vs.. Bresee. Argued and continued
until to-day.
The next cases to be heard are the Com
merclal nix Of Danville vs. Cabell and Hash
er VS. flasher, Nos. Z and 8 on the argument
docket.
The court adjourned to-day for Thanks.
giving and will not be in session again until
Monday.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

The expansive" policy Of the az
ministration, like grace, is growing day
By day. Not content with Hawaii,
Cuba, Porto Rico and the Philippines,
which have been acquired by the right
of might, Mr.. Mckinley will now, it is
announced, buy another island in the
Indian Ocean, from England. Buying
territory is certainly more creditabie
mode Of acquisition than robbing It's
rightful owner of it, but why either
should be resorted to now by this coun-
try is hard to tell.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
Discovered by a Woman.

Another great discovery has been
made, and that, too, by lady Of dds
country. Disease isstenedits cu'cte'
upon her and for seven years she gid'
stood its severest tests. but Der vial or
gans were undermined and death Ss.r'
ed imminent. For three mJa,n- os
coughed necessarily, and could not
sleep. She finally discovered o way 10
recovery, By purchasing ofus ae.Ie
of DR.. Kings New Discover FIR Con-
sumption, and she was 50 Euc4 IT,
lieved on taking frs. dose inaI nc
slept all night; aud with Two bottles
has been absolutely cured. Her name
is Mrs. Luther Lutz." Thus "ri'g- W.
c. Hamnick s. Co.. of Shelby y. u
Trial bottle free at E. l. Allen a'u
E. S. Leadbeater & Sons Drug store
Regular size SOC. and 81. Every oo'"'
guaranteed.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
Domestic Trouble Ends in Murder.

WHEELING, W. Va, Nov. 23.-William
Lafierty, of Central City, was shot yesterday
By his SON James, and so badly injured that
he died three hours later. Laferty and his
wife had had some trouble during the day
and Lsferty, it is alleged, abused his wife
When the son heard of it, he started in search
of his father and soon came upon him. There
were but few words between them when the
son drew his pistol AID shot his father in the
left breast. The young man escaped.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
MARRIED.

In Alexandra, Va. on November 2oa' y y
Rev. J. NJ. Herndon, iethsI OF 1Tiie' a. ,,r!.
SCOTT, of IynchbuTg, and NATL NJ
LER HERNDON.
On Wednesday, November 3D. al -
M41v's Church, York, Pa, by fey. fe'.s'
schiueter, Miss MARY MAY X, OF e1s' 49,
and ]. HARBY RICE, of this city.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

The court of inquiry to ascertain why the
cruiser Maria Teresa was abandoned and to
fix the responsibility began in Norfolk yes
terday. Several men who served on tugs of
the Merritt Wrecking Company and on the
cruiser Leonidas were heard, but members OF
the court would not make the proceedings
public
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
DIED.

At the residence of Mr. Luther Cos o..
north Henry street. at 1880 o,ea.A ~. H.
night, JAMES w HUNrINGT, ~
neral from Mr. Vim. Demaine's unaei "a "a
estab shment on Friday morning 81
O'clock. F. lends and acquaintln - s'7 ~
spectfully invited. baltimore pap Is ''''
copy.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

USE DR.. Bulls COUGH SYRUP FOR
stubborn colds. This wonderful rene
dy positively cures all lung affections in
a remarkably short time. Try it and
be convinced. Price Csc.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23

USE DIR. BULLS COUGH SYRUP FOR
that hacking cough. 1t is the best
medicine for throat and lung affections.
One bottle of this reliable remedy will
effect cure. Price 25 cts.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1898-11-23
CITY COUNCIL.

Az is usual, members of Council were
slow in assem- bling last night, 1t being
s o'clock before quorums appeared in
either board.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
Chauncey's Ready Wit,

The man who has not outgrown, ,and
will never outgrow, boyishness is met
with in all communities. But as rep
resented by the disagreeable fellow
who is forever approaching you un-
awares, humping you over the back
violently and shouting something like
How are you, old hoss!" he had his
comeuppance at t4e hands of Chaun-
cey Depew. The famous speaker and
good fellow was seated at the Union
League Club reading comfortably
when he was rudely aroused by slap
on Lhe baclaiand reared, Hello, De-
pew!" The offender was an p-state
politician, perhaps bit enlivened by
his day in town, but that's not, i'm
portant to the story. Mr.. ,Depew SLOW
ly stood upu adjusted his glasses and
looked ait he offending acquaintance
coldly. With just enough hesitation
to give the right effect, he said, suave-
~: Il do not recognize your face or
voice, but your maners are very famil-
iar" Then he resumed his newspaper
Enquirer.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
Gregory holland,

Died, Saturday, December 10th, al
his home in Belpre township. Gregory
holland, one of the Oldest and mos
respected citizens CT Washington coun.
ty. Mr.. holland was born in Fairfax
Virginia, in the Jail house at that place
his father being sheriff at that time
March 18th, 1912.
A. the age CT IL the deceased came
with his parents to Belpre township
and he has lived there ever since. Mr.
holland was a conscientious Christian
having for 45 years been a member OF
the United Brethren church.
The deceased was the father of IL
children-and five sons and three
daughters survive him.
The funeral occurred at Cedarville
Sunday, the 11th,a and the remains were
inferred in CedarYille cemetery.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
Deafness Cannot be Cured

by local applications as they cannol
reach the diseased portion of the ear
There is only one WHY to cure deafnes!
and that is by constitutional remedies
Deafness is caused by an inhamed con,
dition OF the mucous lining of the Eus,
tachian Tube. When this tube is in
daped you have rumbling sound OF
imperfect hearing, ann when it is en-.
tirely closed, Deafness is the result,
and unless the inflammation can be ia.
ken out and this tube restored to It's
normal condition, hearing will be de.
stroyed forever, nine cases out of ten
ire caused by Catarrh, which is moth
ing but an inflamed condition of the
mucous surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars
for any case of Deafness (caused by ca.
tarrh) that cannot be cured by Halls
Catarrh Cure. Send for circulars; free.
F. j. CHENEY & CO., Toledo o.
Sold by druggists, 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
MackSblIrg,

Charley Adams spent several days
with his parents at this place last week,
The village merchants are getting
IN their Christmas goods and are pre-
paring fer the holidays. b
The Macksburg Sunday School will
give a Christmas entertainment and
treat on Christmas eve. The public
school children will also give an en-
lertainment on Friday before Christ
mas. 'tc
Mrs. C. S. Blakeslee visited friends
n Marietta last week. 3
A local telephone company of Noble
county has planted poles along Broad
street. They in.end to extend their
inc from the Woodsfield oil district to
Ilba. They will go by way of Cald-
veil and take in all towns along the
line. otb
j. S. Snyder spent several days in
Columbus last week. '-
The funeral of Harry Walker, who
lied of typhoid fever last week, was
attended by many friends from far
md near. He was but 23 years of age
and his untimely death is regretted by
Ill. Rev. Welch preached the funeral
sermon.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
New Process Which it is Claimed
Will Revive Dead Gas Wells,

Kokomo, Ind, Dec. 17.-William
Moore, of this city, took four gas wells
belonging to the Citizens Company, OF
Elwood, and by new process brought
Them up to their original strength and
igor though they had been dead and
useless for years. The appliance con-
iists of a tube placed inside the casing
of the we'll and extending below the
water ait Uhe bottom. The tube is pro-
ylded with system Of valves arranged
rs to carry the water to the top of the
ground. The gas underlying the wat
er Is thereby re sased, and the gas it
self forms the power by (which the
water is-forced, PIP through the valves
Mr.. Moore is sure the Indiana gas
field will be restored TO its old time
ylgor by the new invention
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
A Unique Cemetery.

Philadelphia, Dec. 17.-The Nat
Fonal Manufacturers Association has
received a letter from Rudolf Dodge,
manager of its warehouse at Caracas,
Venezuela, asking that Pennsylvania
architects and iron manufacturers be
invited to send proposals to Caracas
for the construction of an absolutely
unique iron cemetery, to accommodate
$4,000 bodies at the outset to be con-
structed in that city. The stone graves
in which the bodies are buried above
the surface are not waterproof, but are
decidedly leaky. They want the cemT
etery built in The form of a square,
with ornamental iron and base and an
attractive railing around it.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
Bartlett.

Died, Saturday morning, of heart
trouble, Miss Mary Burgess, aged 10
years She was young lady of most
estlmable character. She was pupil
in the High School last year and i'll
health prevented her attendance this
year Her funeral took place from her
home at Southland Monday at II a.
m. in the Friends graveyard near her
home.
The Junior League of the M. E.
church held a sale of home made ar
ticles Saturday. It netted for the
children s4,75. -,c ,.ty
Douglas Goddard roasted a turkey
Sunday in honor of his little daugh-
ters fifth birthday. Several friends
from Bartlett were in attendance.
Dan Fawcett went to Noble county
to look after his tobacco that he pur-
chased over there this week.
Protracted meetings will begin at
the M, E. church Jan. 1st. Rev.
Simms, pastor.
Schools will close this week until
Jan. 8 to give the children a vacation.
Lawrence Sayler of Pattins Mills,
who has been suffering with spinal
trouble for the past two years, is slow
ly on the mend He wears a rest OF
plaster paris.
Mr.. Wll Turbin returned from the
Westerville College for the holidays.
There has been very little prepara-
tion for Christmas here yet Some
candy for the children and a tree for
the old folks Ito put presents on) Is
about all we will have here this year.
EVeleigh and his dog, Franko geame
out from Marietta Wednesday ~ and
shot out the season in this township.
We wont tell how many he took in
this trip.
Alex Martin, feeble old man oyer
so years old, Is summoned on the pesit
jury from this township. We think
that his name should not be in the box
at all.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
Is Rich in His Old Ace.

Morgantown, w. Va, Dec. 1S.-By
its decision in the long-docketed case
OF Parker VS.. Lauck's neirs ct al, the
Supreme Court of Appeals sof West
Virginia has made DIR. w. w. Parker,
an aged physician now living at Rich
mond, Va, wealthy man. The
court decided that he is the jowner of
LOO acres of land in Wetzel county,
on which the Standard Oil Company
has % of its most valuable wells.
DR.. Parker's father half "a century
ago was Register Of ther Land Office
for Virginia, and at that time the
Commonwealth included within its
borders what is now known as West
Virginia. DIR. Parker, then young
man was clerk in his fathers Office,
and one Of his duties involved the is
suing OF warrants for what were
known as wild lands. In the Legls-
lature at that time was ]. w. Horner,
who represented the Parkersburg dis
trlct. He, realizing that lne wild
lands might at some time become val
uable, made a proposition TO young
Parker to lay claim to some of iti
WaBanbs were accordingly made out
for about 5000 acres Of land, and a
third party, Rev. John Lauck, a Meth
odist preacher, was admitted into
partnership, and the land was sur
surveyed and warranted in the Land
Office at Richmond as the joint prop
erty Of the three.
When the war came on DR.. Parker
and H5orT9er went to the front, but
Parker continued to pay taxes on the
land, though after the surrender nc
record of The payments could be found
The property was then advertised and
sold, and Lauck, through the agency
of third party, bought it in for the
baxes. DR.. Parker then produced his
tax receipts and laid claim to the prop.
erty, but in some manner he was dis.
possessed. Time rolled on and oil was
discovered ON the land, and it's value
was increased. Lauck sold consid
cradle portion of it for $4,000. HC
died and left the LOO acres as a Legacy
to his son. and it is this tract which
DR.. Parker has now secured. The lane
in question is said to yield the STANDARD
4 Oil Company about $4,000 a year.
Hundreds of fine Christmas gifts a
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
WatertoWn,

Mr.. J. M. Farris. of McConnelsville,
was through this neiglborhood, look ]
ing for timber for the Standard Oil,
Company.
Three deaths that have recently oc-
CURED we're of residents of Watertown'
for many years. G. w. Riley moved to
Beverly a few years ago to receive
medical treatment Mr.. Riley was a
good soldier and comrade member
of Co. ii 14Sth o. v, /.
Mrs Katherine Kraft with her hus-'
band, came 10 this biAee from Ger
many and was resident of this town-l
ship should think for 20 years, rais-
ing a large family and a number of
them school teachers. is
Mrs. Katherine Remley, who has
been a resident of this village for. 15'
years or more, was a highly respected
German lady. She was always first to
lend assistance in sickness or in time
of need. She will be missed.
Conrad Bohl is suffering again from
complication of diseases. I,
The people uf' Watertown will give
an oyster supper in.-the Town House
on Saturday evening Dec. oath, for the
benefit of the signal service at this
place. Picnic supper consisting, Of
tslSe, pickles and celery. Everybody
invited! se
Well No. 2 on the Roscoe WoIGott
farm was drilled into the Cow Run
sand on Thursday and came in a dust
er. ;
The well on VIM. Robinson was
drilled to the Big Iniun on Saturday
and was dry. I.
The well on Pottmeycr is doing
about 10 barrels per day.
A rig is going up on the Schilline
larm to give it letter test. This Is
where they have had long fishing
job.
The drillers on the Wolcott well
VIM. Meyers and Lee Trautman, of Ma
rietta, VIM. McCluskey, of Pittshurg
and J. L. Bradford of Waverly, w. Va,
+ proved themselves a lie for the occas
ion. They had many discouragement
losing string of tools with lot o
+ fishing tools in well No. 1; abandoned
| it, moved Is feet, then at he depth o
, 10 feet fished days for bit in wei
No. 2. The boys certainly had a full
share of patience. To break the mo
: notony Of drilling they would go hunt
= ing and bagged many rabbiLs am
e quail. Target practice was indulge,
l in even before they left their room. ii
[ suppose they took feather bed for |
r )evy of quail.
Watertown Farmers Institute will
De held February 20 and 81. Stat
Speakers Mr. Trumbo and Mr. Der
} chick will be in attendance. -
The Watertown orchestra will fur
dish music at the signal service oyste
supper. R. W.
Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1898-12-20
TUESDAY, oEC. 40. 1893
The Cause and Prevention Of Floods.

The report of the subcommittee OF
the senate committee on commerce.
appolnted to investigate the cause oil
che floods in the Mississippi river,
and their prevention, explodes the idea
which has so long been entertained
that the frequent floods are due IN
large measure TO the cutting off OF the
timber at the headwaters of the
streams.
The committee says that nothing in
the evidence or data obtained tends to
support this theory. On the contrary,
where timber is cut down for purposes
other than the cultivation of the land
"the underbrush remains and grows
more luxuriant than ever, and such
underbrush serves to retard' rather
than hasten the movement of the, wat
or on the hillsides; and, where timber
is cut for the purpose of clearing and
cultivation the plowed area becomes
an enlarged absorbent of surface
moisture"
It is presumed that the investiga-
tions of the committee have been suf-
ficiently comprehensive to establish
this general view of cause and effect,
but some exceptions may be noted.
The food of 1884, the greatest ever
known on the Ohio river, was caused
by warm rains following a heavy
snowfall in the mountain districts con
tiguous to the upper Ohio. 1t was the
general opinion expressed by men OF
experience and observation in that re-
glon thatthe melting of the snow was
accelerated by the extensive cutting o.
timber in the mountains, which haC
been rushlessly' prosecuted for many
years, leaving vast tracts of land prac
tically bare. In this instance, at least
the underbrush was not sufficiently
heavy to afford an ,appreciable OBJ
structfon to the flow Of water, and th'
frozen ground beneath the snow coulC
uOL uCI do an dDoOl hOihSC
time young timber has grown up ovel
ia gonsiderable portion of the area, ant
may prevent a recurrence of such con
ditions. a
;, Concerning the floods in the Sciotc
LfiEer, such as the one experienced las
} winter, it would be assuming more
than the facts warrant to say that the
large amount of cleared land was not
to some extent responsible for the
large volume Of water discharged in a
/, Comparatively short time into ., the
river channel. In ordinary rains tht
absorbent surface is sufficient protec.
tfon, but when the ground becomes
surcharged with. water the flow is nc
longer interrupted. This was the con-
dition which brought on the great
flood last spring.
With reference to the building OF
large reservoirs as a means of abatine
floods, the committee finds there is nc
site on the Ohio river available foI
such a reservoir which would be prac-
ticable. No reference is made, how
ever, in regard to the feasibility of this
method of prevention on any of the
tributaries of the Ohio, such as the
Scioto. The storage reservoir which
the city proposes building may, as
some think, lessen the danger of such
sudden floods as that of last winter
but At is doubtful If it will serve this
purpose effectively during extreme
freshets.-Ohio State Journal.