davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08
PEACE NEGOTIATIONS.
Spain's Overtures for a Cessation Of
HOstilities,

The humiliation of Admiral Ceryera' s
fleet. followed by the capitulation of San
tago. having brought to the Spanish gov.
eminent realizing sense Of the hopeless
ness or continuing a struggle now becom-
Ing wholly unequal, It made overtures of
peace through the French ambassad dor
who, with the assent of his government
had acted as the friendly Representative
OF SPANS interests during the war. On
the 18th Of July NJ. Cambon presented a
communication, signed by the Duke of
Almodovar. the Spanish minister of state.
inviting the United States to state the
terms upon which 1t would be willing to
make peace. July 80 by communica ton
addressed to the Duke of Almodovar and
handed by NJ. Cambon, the terms of this
government were announced substantially
In the protocol. afterwards signed. On
August 10. the Spanish reply dated August
was handed by NJ. Cambon to the sec
rotary Of state. 1t accepted uncondi-
uonally the terms imposed as to Cuba,
Porto Rico. and an island of the Ladrone
group, but appeared to seek to Introduce
inadmissible reservations in regard to our
demand as to the Philippines
Conceiving that discussion on this point
could neither be practicable nor profita BILE.
l directed that, In order to avoid mis-
understanding. the matter should be
forthwith closed by proposing the en-
bodiment In formal protocol of the
terms IN which the negotiations for peace
were undertaken. The vague and mex
pucit suggestions OF the Spanish note
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08
OUR FOREIGN RELATIONS,
Aside From Spain We Have Had No
Serious Differences With Other
Nations.

With the exception of the rupture with
Spain. the intercourse of the United States
with the great family of nations has been
marked with cordially and the close of
the eventful year finds most of the issues
that necessarily arise in the complex rela-
tons Of sovereign states adjusted or ore
sentinS no serious obstacles to adjust
ment and honorable solution by AMIGA HE
agreement
A long-unsettled dispute as to the OK
tended boundary between the Argentine
republic and Chile, stretching along the
Andean crests, from the southern bor-
der OF the Atacama desert to the Magel-
ian straits. nearly a third of the length
OF the South American continent, as
sumed an acute stage in the early mart
OF the year and afforded this government
occasion to express the hope that the re-
sort to arbitration, already contemplated
by existing conventions between the par
Ties, might prevail, despite the grave diff
cultles arising in its application. am
happy to say that arrangements to this
emu nave been perfected the questions of
fact upon which the respective commits
sloners were unable to agree being In
course of reference to her Britannia ma
!esty Tor determination. A residual diff
ference, touching the northern boundary
ilhe across the Atacama desert for which
existing treaties provided no adequate ad
Justment bids fair to be settled In like
~ d Joiiil commission, upon which
the United States minister at Ruenos
ASres mas been invited to serve as nm
pire in the last resort
international Cable Arreemer&
nave found occasion to approach tho
Aisehtihe government with a view to re-
moving dinerences of rate charges i'm
poseo upon the cables of an American
CORPORATION in the transmission betweer
buehos Ayres and the cities of I7ruguaw
ana Brazil of through messages nassins
from and to the United States. AithouaS
the matter is complicated bv exclus;va
concessions by Uruguay and RraziI -
~. .ieh companies. there is a strong hone
.na' good understanding will be reached
ana mat the important channels of cow
Ineic'ai communication between tha
United states and the Atlantic cit,as 20
south America may be freed from, a. -,
most prohibitory discrimination.
Foreign Exhibition.
Despite the brief time allotted fo- ~
arat'on. the exhibits of this coun,r,,
tne universal exposition at Rrrsso, a.
1880 enjoyed the singular dis,inct,on Al
Iisel proportion of awards. having va
saro 10 the number and classes ~ ar,,.,
en'ereo, than those Of other countries Tha
worth OF such result in making Lron.s
our national capacity to supply the wor,",a
markets Is obvious. VAC "ofio
NJ The Nicaragua Canal.
1ne Nicaragua canal commissior ,
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08

q practicable solution. felt It my duty 10
remit the whole question 10 conSress. In
the message OF April II, 1888. l announced
that with this last overture in the dlrec-
ton Of immediate peace in Cuba and its
disappointing reception by Spain the ei-
for; Of the executive was brought 10 an
end l again reviewed the alternative
course Of action which l had prepared,
concluding that the only course consonant
with international policy and compatible
with our firmly Set historical traditions
was intervention as neutral to stop the
war and check the hopeless aacriiice of
life even though that resor- involved
hostile constraint upon both parties to
the contest. as Well TO enforce a truce as
to provide for eventual settlement.
on Apr! % I proclaimed blockade or
the northern coast of Cuba. including
ports on said coast between Cardenas and
Bahia Honda and the port OF C!enfuegos,
OF the south coast Of Cuba: and on the I'd
I called for volunteers TO execute the pur-
pose OF the resolution.
The Declaration of War.
BY my message Of April %, congress was
informed of the situation. and l recon-
mended formal declaration OF the exist
ence Of a state of war between the United
States and Spain. Congress accordingly
voted on the same day the act approved
April %, 1898 declaring the existence OF
such war from and including the 2ist day
of April. and re-enacted the provision OF
the resolution OF April %, directing the
president to use all the armed forces Of the
nation to carry that act into effect.
Due notification OF the existence of war
as aforesaid was given April % by te.e-
graph to all the governments with which
the United States maintained relations, IN
order that their neutrality might be as
sured during the war The various govern
ments responded with proclamat!ors of
neutrality, each after its own method. II
is not among the least gratifying incidents
OF the struggle that the obligations OF
neutrality We're mpartially discharged by
all. often under delicate and difficult cir
cumstances.
The national defense fund of $4,000, go
was expended in large part by the
army and the navy. and the objects for
which it was used are fully shown in the
reports of the several secretaries. Ii was
a most timely appropriation. enabling the
government to strengthen its def-nses and
to make preparations greatly needed in
case of war This fund being inadequate
TO the requirements of equipment and for
the conduct OF the war. the patriotism Of
congress provided the means in the war
revenue act of June Is by authorizing a
per cent popular loan, not TO exceed
Siol,loo.o0l, and by levying additional i'm
posts and taxes. OF the authorized loan.
500. $4,000 was offered and promptly taken,
the subscriptions so far exceeding the
call as to cover il many times over
While preference was given to the small
er bids, no single allotment exceeded
5000 This was a most encouraging and
significant result. showing the vast re-
sources of the nation and the determine
ton OF the people to uphold their coun-
try's honor
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08
PREPARATIONS FOR WAR.
Congress Appropriation OF Fifty Mil
Il lions for National Defense.

All those things carried conviction to
1.-The most thoughtful. even before the
fnding of the naval court that a crisis
in our relations with Spain and toward
Cuba was at hand. So strong was this
belief that 1t needed but a brief execu-
tive suggestion TO congress to receive i'm
mediate answer to the duty of making
instant provision for the possible and per-
haps speedily probable emergency of war
and the remarkable. almost unique. spec
itacle was presented of unanimous vote
of both houses on the 9th of March ap-
fpropriating s50.co,gD for the national de-
tense and for each and every purpose con-
Injected Herewith. to be expended at the
discretion of the president"
j That this act of provision came mono
too soon was disclosed when the applica-
ton of the fund was undertaken. Our
ports were practically undefended; our
navy needed large provision for increased
ammunition and supplies, and even num-
bers to cope with any sudden attack from
the navy of Spain, which comprised mod
ern vessels of the highest type of conti-
mental perfection. Our army also re-
Z CURED enlargement of men and NUM-
lions. The details of the hurried prepa.
rations for the decided contingency Is told
In the reports of the secretaries of war
and OF the navy and need not be repeated
here.
4 1t is sufficient to say that the outbreak
OF war, when II did come, found our ma
ton not unprepared to meet the conflict
nor was the apprehension Of coming strife
confined to our own country. II was fel.
by the continental powers. which. on Anr,l
3. through their ambassadors and envoys
addressed to the executive an expression
of hope that humanity and moderate
might mark the course of this govern
ment and people, and that further nego-
tiations would lead to an attempt. which
while securing the maintenance Of peace
would affirm all necessary guarantees for
the re-establishment of order In Cuba
Proposal of m Armistice.
Still animated by the hope of a peace-
full solution and obeying the dictates of
duty, no effort was relaxed to bring about
speedy ending of the Cuban struggle.
Negotiations to this effect continued
actively with the government of Spain
looking to the immediate conclusion OF n
six months armistice in Cuba with a
view to effect the recognition of her peo-
pies right to independence. Besides this.
the instant revocation Of the order of re-
concentration was asked. SO that the suf-
feeers, returning to their homes and
aided by united American and Spanish
effort, might be put in a way to support
themselves, and by orderly resumption OF
the well-nigh destroyed productive ener-
gies of the island contribute to the res
toration of Its tranquility and well-being.
Authority to Intervene.
Grieved and disappointed at this barren
outcome Of my sincere endeavors to reach
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08
ANNEXATION OF HAWAII.
Existing Laws in Force Pending Ac-
ton by Congress.

Pending the consideration by the senate
of the treaty signed June l6, 1897, by the
plenipotent!aries of the United States and
of the republic of Hawaii. providing for
the annexation of the island. a joint reso-
luton to accomplish the same purpose by
accepting the offered cession and incor-
porating the coded territory into the
Union was adopted by congress and ap-
proved July !. 1898. l thereupon directed
the United States steamer PHILADELPHIA
10 convey Rear-Admiral Miller to Homo
iuiu and entrusted to his hands this i'm
portant legislative act to be delivered to
the president Of the republic of Hawaii.
with whom the admiral and the United
states minister were authorized to make
appropriate arrangements for transfer
ring the sovereignty of the islands to the
United States. This was simply but i'm
pressively accomplished on August y last
oy the delivery Of a certified copy of
.he resolution to President Dole. who
thereupon yielded up to the representa-.
tive of the government of the IYnItsd
states the sovereignty and public pron.
er'y OF the Hawaiian islands, Pursuant
10 the terms Of the Joint resolution and
III exercise OF authority thereby con-
t tei.eu upon me, l directed that the civil
Juolcial and military powers heretofors
oiseo oy the officers of the govern
nheht OF the republic Of Hawaii should
continue to be exercised by those of71csrs
un.l. congress should provide a govern
.ient LOT the Incorporated territory. suh.
seo. 10 my power to remove such officers
ana 70 MI vacancies. The present on
oeis ana troops of the republic thereun.
On TOOK the oath OF allegiance 70 TIE
United States. thus providing for the my .ne
interrupted continuance of ali the admir-
lstrative and municipal functions NJ .ha
aiMexed territory until congress shall 9th
erwse enact 'A"' otn-
,o,r viio o the further provision Of tho
o opi resolution. l appointed the Honnr'
a oes shelby NJ. Cullom. of Illinois. Johr
morgan, Of Alabama; Robert r H,,.
Oh Illinois; Sanford B. Dole. Of Harau ;'
ano Walter F. Grier, of Hawaii. "a cor,
customers to confer and recommsrS ~
9ongress such legislation concerninn 40 20
naa Islands as they should dear' e
necessary or proper. '0 oeem
-N TS m endatiOns Of the Cowr,,..
r,i.a, commissioners having fulaiisd IN.
,riysi or confded to them. their rsn .ne
1t is ' h ,aia before you at an early dsy
S dOns VIII have the earnest cous1d menaa-
' ~ the magnitude of the respons,h a1lon
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08
ARMY REORGAyI1i1
Standing Force of 100, OOo i,
Under Present COnlh,,

Under the act of conern
April rs, 1898, authorizing The :
his discretion, upon a declanf.
by congress or a declaration \
that war exists. l directed u
of the regular army to the =
$1,000, authorized in said act
There are now in the regvk
s62 officers and men. In ~ ,
provided: THAT at the end I'll
which the United States NAY
volved, the army shall be n
peace basis by transfer b.
arm Of the service or absopuh
motion or honorable dscAn
such regulations as the secrux
tablish. of supernumerary d
GERS and the honorable dischaa
fer Of supernumerary enllDla1l
nothing contained in this 4
construed as authorizing III
increase Of the command Of q
Of the regular army beyond q
vided by the law in force i
passage Of this act except NJ
crease of % majors provided n
! hereof" &
The importance of leg6i1ln
permanent increase of the a.
fore manifest. and the rselu
Of the secretary of war 10 \
has my unqualified approvA
be no question that at this II
ably for some time in The a
men will be none too many i
necessities of the situation. III
whether that number shall \
permanently or not, the peysI
given to the president to sal1t
If in his discretion II shsD
sary. and the further dhun1
be given him to recruit ~ 4
limit from the inha bitanut n
with the government Of ~
charged.
Volunteers to be ~ D
1t Is my purpose to mussau
tire volunteer army as son y
shall provide for the increaRt'
lar establishment. This WI n
act OF justice. and will b =
ciated by the brave men NJ
homes and employments to ~
try In its emergency.
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08
POSTAL SERVO
Extraordinary Growth al
Increase In Emeienf

The postal service Of the y
vances with extraordinary sioel
% years both the revenues -
lures Of the postoffice depalu
multiplied three-fold. In the =
they have nearly doubled. 9
business grows much more q
our population. 1t now involve
diture of 800. 900, 900 a year, A.
postoffices and enrolls No,W
This remarkable extension "
which is an accurate index ~
conditions, presents gratifyiHe
the advancement of educatleA
crease Of communication -
activity and Of the improve
facilities, leading to their CO.
menting use.
The war with Spain laid nevl
tional labors on the postofdcs
The mastering of the militaH
forces of the United States
cial mail arrangements for =
and every campaign. The CO.
between home and camp ~
eager and expectant. In
larger places Of rendezvous
$1,000 letters a day reQuifc
This necessity was met BY
detail OF experienced men ~
tablished force and by dirt
instrumentalities of the railv9
postoffice service so far -
this new need. Congress ?
empowering the postmaster-
tablish an office or branch y
tary camp or station. and
thority the postal machinely 4
lily put into effective operatle
Capital Centensas
In the year 1900 will 0cc~1
NAL anniversary of the 10
city of Washington for ~
capital Of the government
states by authority OF q
gress approved July 16,
1880, the archives and genera
federal government were ~
place. On the 18th Of Novs
national congress met hefe
time and assumed excluav
the federal district and CIV 4
esting event assumes all m2
canoe when we recall the 4;
attending the choosing Of
naming of the capital n
father Of his country. az
taken by him In the adopue
Its future development on
scale,
These original plans have
out with a constant prog
nal success. even beyond
trainers had foreseen. n
Labor Law
The alien contract law =
perience to need some I
measure providing better
seamen Is proposed; the q
ton Of the eight-hour law
OF labor and Of the prime
tion are suggested for Co
! commend these subjects
consideration Of congress.
WILLIAM
Executive Mansion. Dso
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08
[ I, N

resting upon you to give .,YTNlIl
the relationship Of those mn.s IN
to our home union as win IN Alv
the highest degree, reali,tss
tons of the community thss
lot with us ard elected IA
litical heritage, while, al Il.
justifying the foresight ~ - sltOu
Z three-quarters of a centu,, \ ~
to the assimilation of Hawau NS
and inevitable consumma,,as
with our needs and in fuSrL
cherished traditions.
The questions heretofo,. RISE
tween Hawaii and Japan. ~
the alleged mistreatment
treaty immigrants, were
to say adjusted before thu !. Ineere
fer by the payment Of a 1.-The =
demnity to the government y
Under the provisions Of thsr
ton. the existing customs r.l.s
Hawaiian islands with ths n.
and with other countries sno me
changed until legislation sh,s1 it, !
provide. The consuls Of Ham h;ia
in foreign countries. contir,,
their commercial agenciea 3 pap
United States consulate ~ y .. :,
maintained for all proper = -
tanning to trade and the uoEo
would be desirable that an Iamed
suls in the Hawaiian ISLAM.
ment. ''4 = y beeI
x.xx w,.,.,. - deo
The annexation Of Han, ~
changed relations of the INN ro,,hl
Cuba. Porto Rico and the pH,.. n
Abortion Of a maritime tin, c Oo,s te. rel
steamship communicated ~ line
the United states, under the *
furnished 70 IT'S colonies a, he re,
of about 100000. steamshb pr. ha
municating with a portion arlaim'
markets as well as with traA
the home government. The n
will not undertake to do - ne AZ
duty to furnish the people Owen tn
facilities. under national conbsaa an.
export and import trade. NTr1-;4,
ceded that the present s!tuafk
legislation which shall be - Iaiies
able and liberal. r.oro
Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1898-12-08

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Philip
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1898-11-29

males among the. last arrivals amount
ed to 1857 and the females to 1854.
Out of this aggregate there were, over
IA years of age, 1,416 who could not
write and 1867 who could neither read
nor write.
The largest proportion of the immi-
grants came from Italy numbering S.
613. OF the others 1921 were from
Russia, 25,12S from Ireland, I'LL from
Germany, 1869 from Hungary, 1920
from Gallicia, II 1898 from Sweden and
1888 from England.
All the professions and many of the
crafts had representatives among the
newcomers. There were So, 551 laborers,
23,656 servants, 4,429 merchants and
1928 farmers among them.
No European country would permit
us to send it 43,057 immigrants per year
who could neither read nor write. 1t
is remarkable how well the average
standing of this nation is maintained
under conditions revealed by these fig
ures. But the interests of the laboring
man suffer more than those of any one
else since a large number of foreign
ers are ready to work for little or moth
ing upon their arrival, and some of
them are actually imported, in round
about way by contractors who, like
'Pig-iron'' KellSS the Pennsylvania
protectionist believe in only one kind,
of free trade-the free trade in men"
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1898-11-29
NEW YORK AS A STORM CENTER.

From her abode among the crags and
peaks, the reputed birthplace of the
blizzard, the home of the avalanche,
Salt Lake City extends her heartfelt
sympathy to that ideal dwelling place,
New York City.
The storm king has dared to invade
that center of wealth and power and
style and refinement, to visit upon its
tender sons and daughters a fury that
they doubtless think should be reserved
for the rugged men and women of the
west.
Surrounded by everlasting SHOWS, re-
freshed by water from the icy canyon
streams, Salt Lake can scarcely COM
prehend the nature of New York eli
mate, which strikes men down in the
busy streets, summer and winter alike.
In July and August they perish from
the heat; they fall upon crowded cor
ners; they drop and die in the parks.
It is the heat. In November even, be-
fore winter has fairly begun, they are
dying in the blizzard, going to sleep
in snowdrifts, freezing to death with
million people in easy reach. 1t is
the cold.
There is an interest in this storm
apart from it's severity. 1t is a strik-
ing illustration of the change of sea-
sons and the process by which the
changes are effected. Winter had not
begun in New York two weeks ago.
The present blizzard crossed the con-
tinent gathering vigor as it went. A
great area of cold and heavy air from
the mountainous regions descended to
the warm plains with a weight that
generated motion. From the prairies of
Kansas, Nebraska and Illinois the
warm air rose, creating a vacuum and
disturbing the equilibrium Of the cold
air which rushed eastward with mo-
mentum that carried it over the Allie
ghanies. But this change of atmos-
phere means that the seasons have
changed, that winter is here.
While there is NO danger of freezing
in the streets of Salt Lake City it is
just as well to make up our minds to
indulge winter until the coming of the
spring-time.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1898-11-29
LABOR AND IMMIGRATION.

Labor unions and laboring men gen.
orally are interested in our immigration
laws. The labor interests of the coun-
try are represented at the nations cap
ital by Herman J. Shulteis, who has
just been interviewed by the New York
Evening Post in relation to pending
immigration legislation.
He says that the president intends to
recommend to congress the further re-
striction of the laws on this matter just
as he intimated in his inaugural ad-
dress.
"As soon as we get the educational
test through" said Mr.. shulties, I'VE
ought to work for an increase of the
head tax from one dofhr to ten
Then the laxity of the enforcement
of existing laws is matter that needs
the most careful investigation. Upon
this point he says:
& have reason to believe that the
counting of the arrivals is inaccurate
The port statistics of the European
countries show that one-third more
persons leave there for the United
States than are counted as entering
here. Either our immigration officers
make great mistakes, or one-third of
the passengers drop overheard on the
way. 1 think it is customary to take
the steamboat manifests, which are
made as low as possible to escape the
head tax, instead of actually counting
the immigrants as they land. There is
also some loose work along the Cana
dian line When an accident occurred
on the Grand Trunk railroad a few
days ago, it appeared that all the pas
sengers injured were pauper immi-
grants How did it happen that they
were coming in by way of Canada, and
why do we never hear of these things
except when there is an accident Of
some kind?"
Commissioner General Powderly of
the immigration bureau says, in his
official report, that 229, 299 immigrants
arrived on our shores during the Off
cial year just ended, being a decrease
from the preceding year of 1888. The