davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
Current Comment.

Eaos.- Receipts have been light for the
past week Demand has been only moder-
ate but the market has kept fairly we'll
sold.
CHEESE Receipts for export, o 1877 boxes.
There is nothing new to report There lie a
full supply Offering and only moderate
demand.
HAy.-The demand for hay continues
slow, and the market is weak on all bat
the best grades. Choice hay holds steady
in price and sells fairly.
BEASs.-The bean market still has a
quiet tone. There is a full supply Of 4
marrow pea ard best band.picked have a
kidneys In light demand at quotations.
CoRn.-Trade is quiet but prices have
| held about steady during the week At the
| close new steamer yellow on track billed
through to outside points is quotsble at
36a to SIC, with old corn ranging higher.
BUTTER.-There has been considerable in.
| crease in receipts this week but no i'm prove
ment in quality, and so small proportion
| Of the fresh goods are really hne that there
is still barely enough for the wants Of the
trade.
FLouR.-Trade continues slow, and the
market is only fairly st ady In the quiet way
that business averages. General prices are
| quoted about the same, and as small sup
plies are taken from time to time, they are
usually maintained
PoTAToKs. - Receipts have been fairly
liberal for the past week and stocks at the
roads are larger than q week ago. Demand
has been moderate but there has been no
material change in prices and the market
closes with q steady tone.
LUMBER The market remains quiet on
! lumber and naturally would at this time
There Is very little II any building and con-
sequently no call for lumber. The yards
are doing January business only. They
are very little in some cases having placed
orders with the mills that ship by car.
WooL.-The Improvement expected to
hit the trade in January has come. The
brave boys who did not drop their wool
during the November slide are feeling bet
ter. as thanks in part TO foreign markets and
in part to the excellent demand for new
wooden goods, prices are now back to the
full rates attained at the height Of the Oc-
tOber activity,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
Farm Notes.

With thoroue bly, good dairy COW to
manufacture, we can always afford to
put in feed and take butter.
The farm which is we'll fed will feed
the farmer. 1t must be applied to the
stock as we'll as to the land, and by
feeding the stock well the land may be
fed with the greatest accuracy, and so
the circle Of feeding is made complete.
1t costs more to feed dairy herd in
winter than in summer, but the price
is enough better to warrant the differ
enee in cost, and against this is the
fact that time is not so valuable to the
farmer in winter, and 80 the labor costs
less.
That the dairy pays one man and
does not pay another on an adjoining
farm is evidence that the fault is in the
man. One could have no better place
the cause of the success Of the one and
the failure of the other.
In discussing the subject from q
practical standpoint, wel-known au-
thority has suggested $3.50 as a conser.
vative estimate of the value of the ma
nure produced during seven winter
months on q small farm carrying
horses, 20 cows, so sheep and 10 pigs.
1t makes no difference whether milk
lie poor from watering, from skimming
or from poor cows-the penalty should
be the same in all cases. Many good
dairymen have properly turned this to
their own advantage by selling . guar
snteed article, their warrant showing
that It is equal or above the standard
required by law.
Rye is extensively used in North
Europe for pig feeding. In Denmark,
where it is fed extensively, 1t has the
reputation of producing the same
amount OF pork from a given weight as
barley. The quality Of the pork pro-
duced is nearly as good Is that made
from barley, which stands at tho head
at the list for producing pork meats Of
the finest quality.
The fodder shredder enables farmers
to use fodder to the best advantage,
but eveL il such did not happen the
shredder so reduces the stalks rs to
make them desirable for bedding and
an absorbent Ia the manure heap. II
the use Of the shredder 80 results in
nothing more then preventing the loss
of fodder in the fields, it will save
large sum every year.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
tuberculosis.

We are very glad to note that the
scientists are calling halt on the wild
and reckless manner in which the
tuberculosis question has been handled.
1t never seemed to us necessary or
proper to condemn to death animals in
apparently good condition, simply be-
cause they responded to the tuberculin
test, thus indicating that some where
perhaps in no vital part-a few micro
scOpical tubercles could be found. 1t is
now demon strated beyond peradven-
ture that sound offspring can be raised
from tuberculous parents and that
tuberculous animals can be inexpen-
sively kept apart and affe ctively prevent
the further spread of the disease, even
if it cannot be cured.
We are able to present this week an
authoritative report of some good work
done in this direction by the Wisconsin
Agricultural Experiment Station, and
are much gratfied to learn that the
herd is be kept under still closer con-
troll by the station for the purpose of
further investigation. The trouble
hitherto has been that we have been
asked to take counsel of our fears, and
orders from our ignorance. What was
not known, rather than what was
known, became the arbiter of our
destinies. Very properly, therefore,
the stations are taking up the work with
the view OF adding to our knowledge,
and have already discovered enough to
justify the assertion that bovine tuber-
culosis is at least comfortable disease,
and hence there ia no occasion for manic
or Mysteries.
Professor Russell's report for Wis
consin receives support, and the con-
illusions drawn are confirmed in Mr..
Gould's letter which briefly reviews
some similar work in New jersey
Hoard's Dairyman.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
Garget.

A COW having garget has ip6amma-
ton of the udder. Hodrd's Ddirymdn
says "this is sometimes caused by blows
on the udder from the hoofs or horns
of other cattle, or from sticks or stones
thrown by some careless or thought
less person.
"a more frequent cause of garget is
the COW lying down on cold or damp
ground, chilling her udder and causing
fever. No COW with full udder should
be compelled to lie down where her
udder comes in contact with damp and
frosty ground. In fact, no COW, wheth-
er she has full udder or not, should
be obliged to do thai.
eff these causes which we have men,
toned are carefully guarded against,
cases of garget would be much less fire.
quent than they are now. Still, where
cows have the best Of care, there are
occasional cases.
GA COW that is subject TO garget
should not be fed very heavily on high
ly concentrated foods, because de-
rangement of the digestive organs will
tend to aggravate the trouble, or it
may even bring it on.
"One of the best remedies for garget
is to apply warm lamentations. A good
way to do this is to take a cloth or old
gunny sack, say two or three feet
square, and fix some straps so as to
hold this under the udder, the straps to
20 over the cows back. Put on this
sack something like bran or chaff that
will hold considerable water when 1t ia
thoroughly wet. II needs say pailful
of the bran or chaff. Wet it with water
as warm as can be borne with the hand
and apply it to the udder, the straps be.
ing used to hold it in place. Warm
water needs putting on every hour OF
Two. The best stuff to use for this TO-
mentation that we have known tried is
clover chaff. 1t is light; holds great
deal of water and holds heat we'll /,
is not necessary to take this sack of
when necessary to put on more warm
water. 1t can be done with teakettle
of water of the right temperature with
out removing the sack.
at can be 80 arranged that when
the COW is to be MIXED, the sack can be
showed forward and when done milk.
ing it can be put back, and there will
be very little trouble about it.
"Treated in this way, the inHamma'
ton can usually be reduced in twelve
to twenty-four hours. Some persons
give the COW tincture of aconite, ten to
fifteen drops, once in three or foul
hours. They claim that it is great
help. We are not sure Of it,"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
AGRICULTURAL.
Successful Dairy Breeding and
Feeding.

NY stock at present consists of one
Jersey bull, fourteen mixers and nine
beifers not in milk. The bull is little
over four and one half years old. OF the
fourteen mixers, six are heifers with
first calf, five of the elk being daugh-
tiers OF the above bull. OF the fourteen
mixers, one is a grade Ayrshire. The
others are grade Jerseys. OF the
twenty.three cows and heifers, seven
teen are descendants of the first cow
owned after buying my farm seventeen
years ago. This cow was of medium
size, had large storage capacity for
fodder, a good shaped and falr.siz, d
udder, a pleasant face and gentle dis
position. In short, she was what we
would call now good general-purpose
COW. Of my fourteen mixers, ten are
her descendants. Previous to 1892, l
sold my milk and took little pains about
breeding or thought little about it ex.
cept to keep only the best heiters. Had
begun early to breed to the best Jer-
sey sires, l am confident / should have
more productive cows now. My milk
ers are all medium size, healthy and
happy. l say happy, because it always
seemed to me that the COW of gentle
disposition, well cared for, is an en-
blem of contentment.
Until two years ago | was obliged to
feed at the barn in the summer, owing
to the fact that my pasture was better
adapted to grow pines than grass.
bought an adjoining farm and now have
q nice pasture. In the fall feed Sec
ond crop clover, cobs from the canning
factory, corn fodder and green barley.
The latter is sown the last of July on
ground from which crop of hay OF
grain has been taken and is cut and fed
daily the last part of October and the
first of November. In the winter
feed hay and ensilage. My idea is tc
have some kind of succulent food the
year round. 1t goes a great way in
keeping the animal 10 health and with
out good health cow is comparatively
useless.
My grain ration varies with the sea-
son, the animal and the price of the
different feeds. The past summer
fed corn meal, gluten feed and bran
from four TO seven pounds per cow
according to her size, time due to calve
etc. The mixture was made up of two
pdllo Wy Dulh vi Uldu, ObO ChOu VI wi
meal and gluten feed. In the winter
feed bran, gluten feed, gluten meal
and cottonseed meal, with little lin.
seed meal. Each cow gets from six to
eight pounds day. The mixture is
made of four parts by bulk of bran, two
gluten feed and one each cottonseed
meal and Chicago gluten meal. When
1 have plenty of it, feed twenty.fiv
to thirty pounds ensilage and two fair
sized feeds of hay. This year, owing to
the outward season, am short of en-
silage and shall have to content the
cows with more hay, keeping the meas
ure of grain little higher.
feed morning and night, but not al
noon, water once day, about eleven
O'Clock. Feeding, watering and milk
ing must be done at the same hour each
day. Cows are to be kindly treated at
all times. Petting them pays in the
milk-pail. Each COW should have lit
tie exercise each day.--New England
Homestead.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
Live Stock Market.

VEAL CALvEs.-Stock sells readily at to
&c per ID. Receipts were not heavy.
SwINE.-Western hogs were / to &c high
or and cost 81 to 4c per Id, live weight;
country hogs, selling al 44c dressed weight.
Prices Of market beef A few choice,
S625 to 675; extra, So % to 90; first quail
ity S475 TO 800; second quality, $500 to
45O; third quality, SO 90 to 8 70.
BEEF CATTLE Western cattle were in
fair supply and there was scattering re-
ceipts on Northern. Market prices on West
ern cattle were to &c per ID stronger than
last week
SHEEP AND LAMBs.-W estern lambs when
good, were az high AZ last week, but a good
many lots from the North and East sold at
81 to 6fc per Id. The general demand was
rather slow.
Prices of store cattle: Working oxen
per p air, $50 to 100; farrow cows, S12 to %;
fancy cows, $50 to 60; milch cows and
calves, $40 TO 48; yearliDgs, So to Is; two.
year-od-, S12 to %; three-year-olds, $40 to
80; Western fat swine, live, 81 TO &c; North.
ern dressed hogs, AZ C per Id.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
Food Value OF Milk.

A bulletin of the New Jersey Agricul-
tural Experiment Station, No. 1913,
treats of the food value of milk, and
gives results of experiments to test the
influence of the feed on the quantity OF
milk should be graded in price by the
percentage of cream it contains.
Milk is the best balanced, most per-
feet, most digestible and one OF the
cheapest human foods known. 1t con-
tains in proportion all the elements
necessary for their complete noursh-
ment of the body, and as compared
with meat is very cheap food. Yet
the small consumption of milk per cap
ita by city people shows that it is not
properly appreciated or does not COM
mand public confidence. 1t cannot be
washed to remove impurities, and 1t is
easily adulterated with water.
1t lie suggested that each city estab-
llsh standard and have milk inspec-
tor. This inspector should make occa-
sional visits to the diaries when not ex-
pected, and see that the cows, stable 8,
attendants, vessels, etc., are kept clean,
that wholesome feed is given and only
healthy cows kept.
Any purchaser of milk should have
the right to send a sample to the in.
spector to be tested for butter fat, and
any one selling milk testing less than
four per cent butter fat should be SUBJ
ject to fine.
The New Jersey herd of twenty
eight cows, including common cows,
grades and two pure-bred Guernseys,
two Holsteins and one Jersey, were
tested for year, the milk from each
COW being weighed daily and tested for
butter fat once a week. The lowest
average was four per cent in March,
and the highest was four and one-half
per cent in August and October. There
was great variation OF individual
COWS, some testing as low as two and
one-half per cent and others as high as
eight and one-third, but the mixed
milk Of the herd never fell below four
per cent butter fat.
| 1t is we'll known that the longer 9
COW has been in milk since the birth OF
the last calf, the richer the milk gets
hence to have the quality uniform it ie
necessary for the milkman to have
some of the herd calve every month
and that it is also necessary TO keep up
a uniform supply to his customers.
The tests as to the influence of food
on milk is due more to the individuality
of the COW than to the food, some COWS
always giving poor milk and others
rich, no matter what kind of food is
given. Food influences the quantity
very much, but the quality very little.
1t was found that change from dry
ration to succulent one was always &C.
companied by decrease in richness Of
the milk.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
The Use OF Hand SeparatOrs.

The band separator has come into
very general use and is fast suppressed
ing the former method of separating
the cream from the skim milk. This
system has many advantages and has
won its place upon merit alone. Mr..
G. p. Goodrich, in an exchange, saws
the cost of hand separators is from $65
to 1925 each, according to size and Ca
pacity. They will skim from 100 TO 400
pounds an hour. Larger sizes with
greater capacity are used in large
diaries and run with some kind of a
power. 1t would seem that no dairy
man, who manufactures his own milk
into butter, having ten cows or more,
could afford to be without separator.
One, if properly cared for, will last for
years. If they are turned by hand, it
is true it takes time, but not as much
as would be taken in setting and skim
ming the milk and warming it for
calves. All except the smallest size
hand separators are 30 constructed that
they can be attached to power. Some
use small gasoline engine, or some
other kind. A light tread power run
by large dog or some other animal of
like size Is very economical. A goat
has been found to do remarkably well.
On the farm of the writer separator
has been run for the past five years,
making an average of nearly 5000
pounds of butter year. Tue cost of
repairs in that time has been SO, and
the separator, to all appearances, will
last for several years to come. 1t has a
capacity of 300 pounds of milk an hour.
1t is run by two-horse tread power,
which was purchased before the sep
arator was and which is used for cut
ting feed, filling silo, etc. The power
is run by Jersey bull, and works very
nicely. He needs the exercise; it keeps
him dOcile and gentle, vigorous and
healthy, and he seems to enjoy the
walking and work. The sc SEPARATING is
done while the milking is going on,
and in ten or fifteen minutes after the
last cow is MIXED the calves and pigs
have had the new, warm, sweet skim
milk. The saving by the use of the
separator on this farm has been already
great many times more than the cost
of the outfit.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
Success with Home Made Fertilizers.

| was much pleased in an editorial of
The Homestead, Nov. 10, to see the
premium offered for the best essay on
composing and saving fertilizers on
the farm. To my mind, the fertilizer
question is one of vital importance to
every New England and eastern far.
mer, and the man who most carefully
husbands every source of fertilizer,
and wisely applies it, is the successful
farmer.
For nearly 40 years have been the
occupant of a rough, sidehill New Eng
land dairy farm. l ran in debt almost
wholly for it, having hardly means to
stock it and buy the necessary teams
and tools. And after all these years, ]
must say one of the greatest sources of
pleasure has been in clearing land of
stones and bushes, and increasing its
production fourfold. Iw,ll remember
the pleasure given me by the first crop
of bay taken from nine.acre field of
"a good two horse loads, this from a
rough hilltop pasture without CONNER.
cial fertilizer. and it is today produc-
tive field, adding much to the beauty of
the landscape. This but one of num-
Der of fields that have responded boun-
tifully to the application OF homemade
fertilizers. l recollect one crop of corn
producing over 200 bushels of ears per
acre with home made fertilizer, with
a very little phoshate applied in the
hill and clover turned under.
For composing manure, have
found nothing equal to dry soil, often
taken from the roadside, where it has
washed from the road bed, and is of
little value to use again as road materi-
al. A friend of NINE made a practice
of storing a large quantity in the dry
season and using it as an absorbent be-
hind his cows during the stabling season.
The results were two heavy crops OF
grass and rowen in one season.
use horse manure, sawdust and any
dry waste material in the trenches be.
hind the cows, as absorbents of the
urine. This greatly increases the
quantity of manure, with good results
The live farmer who enjoys his calling
with eyes open, will discover sources OF
supply to increase the manure pile In
fallen leaves, in the wild ferns in pas
lures, in swamp grass to be gathered
and used for bedding cattle, horses, and
for swine. Much fertilizer is lost by
allowing the waste from barn buildings
to run in the same channels year after
year, which should be turned in new
channels, thus enriching new parts Of
the felds.-New England Homestead
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26

The fertility of soil depends upon its
ability to supply plants with all the ele-
ments of food which they require. No
one Of the elementary substances which
are always found in the composition Of
a plant can be dispensed with. AS an
animal cannot live or thrive without a
proper supply of the ordinary elements
of food. 80 plant requires regular
supply of these various elements from
soil. A plant poorly supplied with
potash or nitrogen, for instance, would
produce only sickly growth, and IL
entirely deprived of these, or any other
essential element, would die. Fertile
soil, therefore, must contain not only
large quantities of plant food, but suffi
cient quantities of every kind of food
which plants obtain from the soil to
supply The wants of the crop.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
Creamery Reports.

ORANGE COUNTY CREAMERY Com.
pany, statement for December. Milk
received, TIA, 1894 pounds; butter made
from same and equivalent Of milk and
cream sold, 9,7S6a pounds; received
for butter, ded ing freight and com.
missions $2,138 50; running expenses
1895 90; paid patrons for butter
twenty-five cents per pound.
LAKE MoREY CREAMERY, FAIR
LEx.-Statement for December: Mill
received, 104, 1884 pounds; cream re-
ceived. 9,07l pounds; butter made from
same, 6,245 pounds; average test (Bab
cock) 4.83; paid patrons for butter anG
butter fat, twenty-one cents per pound
received for butter, deducting freight
and commission, 81, 1888 80; running ex
penses, including reserve for rent or
creamery, tubs, ETC., $238 40.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26

II $40 worth of hay is worth IS as
fertilizing material, then $40 worth OF
milk is worth, with fertilizing material
at the same price, just Lightweight
cents. When we get $40 for eur hay
we should deduct So from this price
and invest it in fertilizing material, for
in selling the hay we have parted with
Just that much OF the stuff. But when
we sell $40 worth of milk all we should
pay the fertilizer man is the sum OF
eighty eight cents, If we have carefully
saved the manure from the cows that
gave the milk.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26

BUCKLEN's ARNICA SALvE.-The
best salve in the world for cuts, bruises,
sores, ulcers, salt rheum, fever sores,
letter, chapped hands, chilblains, corns
and all skin eruptiOns, and positively
cures piles, or no pay required. 1t is
guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction,
or money refunded. Price twenty five
cents per box. For sale by G. Blskely,
Montpelier, VT.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
AcToRs, sIsaERs. TALKERs.-Alla arc moro

AcToRs, SIsaERs. TALKERs.-All arc moro
or less subject to bad throat, hoarseness,
tonsilitis, and oatarrh. DIR. Agnew's Ca
tarrhal Powder never disappoints. "I can
der wonderful medicine for actors, sing
ers and public speakers. Myself and my
wife are both subjects Of tonsilitis aud ca
tsrrh. We have tried everything, but never
found anything to equal this great remedy,
for quick action 1t certainly Is q wonder
highly recommend 1t to my brother profess
sionals. Emmett F0stell New York
City.-b8. Sold by W. 4. Terrill b 90. and
Collins Blskley.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26

To know when cream is just right
you must use good judgment; the SAT-
est plan is the acidity test.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26

Only one remedy in the world that will at
once stop itchness of the skin in any part
of the body; Doan's Ointment. At any
drug store, 30 cents.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26
RETAIL DEALERS PRICES
Boston Produce Market.

V- The quotations given below represent prices
obtained BY receivers phosaie ofs tnot ,obb,ns
priees unless otherwise indicsted and intended
to represent actual seies.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1898-01-26

Now that oleomargarine has been so
extensively tabooed, the greater effort
should be made TO supply the market
with good butter.