davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
Notise 70 Creditors

>>-O~.>~~ >-N>>>oN~,>~.o~
At 4 SPECIAL TERM OF THE SUPREME COURT
"A Of OF New EaIA, held ard for
the County ~ York the County Court House.
Part II thereof the Is; dA, ~ september 1875.
Present Hon DAVID McA3AM Jusrce. In the matter
OF application tor the voluntary dissolution OF Holmes
Brmley company.
on reading AMI filing the petition of John lie C. Ire.
land 81 the Holmes i;rum.ey Company verified
on The Isl day ~ September 1875 and motion Of DOVE.
Murray Iarridse. attorneys tire said receiver 10
after directed requiring all the creditors or the calo
Holmes Brumley Company end al persons having caims
OF an, kind against seid company exhibit theif
elaine the -aid receiver place be speeined IN
said notice within six fret publication
ard that defaul, occur therein they
be precde from benefit therein and from any dietf
button which NAV be mace said order or Judgment
n That this order published once week for three
successive weeks ana said notice he published once
week for six months in newspaper Published n tns
C1tv OF New York. wit: The Tribune ana US
Sa York Law Journal and also in paper published In
en-. CIV ~ Albany IN VIII: The Albany Argus.
dated New York, september let, lsos
avs s,.n.d, DAVID McADAM. J. s. c.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09

anees 81 500 900 Baltinlore-Exchanges So
03S, ia. balances S454j91
fORElGN BANK STATEMENTS - The
weekly statement of the Bank Of England shows
me following changes as compared with the
previous account: Total reserve decreased ;11.-
VoD; circulation decreased f114000; bullion de-
creased FOL .lGI. other securities decreased
t"96OO0; other deposits decreased fl2S.OO) pub
llC deposits decreased t115,OOO notes reserve de-
creased t3o 900. Government securities IN
changed. The proportion OF the Bank Of Eng
lands reserve to liability is 40 per cent. as
compared with 4S.3O per cent last week The
Bank Of Englands rate Of discount remains un-
changed a 2ia per cent.
The weekly statement Of the Bank OF France
shows the following changes as compared with
the previous account: Notes IN circulation de-
creased 23. 7.JO0O francs; treasury accounts cur
rent decreased 55.GJ000O francs gold in hand
decreased 5100,ooo francs; bills discounted de-
creased l00AOO 900 francs: silver in hand de-
creased 172500o francs
The Bank Of Bengal has increased its rate OF
discount 70 > per cent.
FOREIGN MONEY MARKET.-Call rate in
London. i4Nis per cent open market discount
rate. ! 1l-lOU1 ia per cent for short and FOR long
bills. Berlin discount rate ga per cent; Pans,
It's per cent Berlin exchange on London. ~
marks 4G4 pfennings. Paris exchange on Lon
don. - francs 26l2 centimes
EUROPEAN SECURIT1ES-Brt conso!s.
10 for money and 10 10 for the account.
French rentes. i03 francs 80 centimes Spanish
per cents in London. A..
THE SILVER MARKET-Bar silver, 6oesc..
advanced lsc Mexican silver dollars 4oc Bar
silver IN London. 21'sd. advanced I'D.
GOLD PREMIUM-1n Madrid. 62.21: Lisbon
65; Buenos Ayres. 1890; Rome. 1892.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
Rercirrr's Notices.

NEW YORK SUPREME COURT Nsv-Yors Coun'y-
~ In the matter OF the application ior tHe voluntary
dissolution ~ N, Holmes Bgumley company. ...-
no ALI. WHOM IT MAY CONCERN. notice 10 hersny
given that have been appointed ~ ne supreme ,our
., no STAT. 81 New YORK action receive OF tne
Holmes Brumley company. ard 81 al the properly snd
effects OF corporation, ard that have duY '"A'
ned as such receiver. anS do require;
I persons indebted - sod corr rstlcn %
s,raet IN the itv 81 York ard county of Ne" YORK
4, aid state 81 York ~ the 10th day ~ Marcn
Isaa - al suns money OWING b. iEsn respectively
pay the same ~ ne - - .-.,.~.,
or rsris Of such corporation deliver tfe same 10 me
hv the sald 10Th aay - March. l''r 49,,
ri All tho creditors corporate - deliver tneir
r.sn.ctIve accounts dcmerts b. the ssf io'h
DAY OF Marcn. 1882 ,...- $1,000.
" Al persons holding open r sueslstlHg conusct
coro1rat.on present The same Writing ana
IN Is,au ~ mo 81 the pl1cs afcressii before TIRE
,sla 10th DAY = March. lsa".
-''' ' 49, JOHN ~ g. IRELAND. Receiver.
DOVE MURRAY & HARrRlDGE Au5.ncys for Re
ceiyer Once and nire a-Giess. 70 Nassau street
BOROUGH Of Manhattan city Of New jrk.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
financial
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad co.
REORGANlZ ALTON.

To the holders Of The Mercantile Trust Con-
pany Certificates or Receipts Of Deposit foS
the First Preferred sock. second Preferro0
stock and Common stock Of the Caiumore
md Ohio Railroad Company.
Pursuant 70 the P,rn Agreement for the Eeoes
ganza.ion Bsnnors a. ONio p-iiros1 Comrahys
dated June % ISs undersigned herehv call for pay
rent Of tho SECOND I>srALLNE>T. being hfsy
the payment NJ s. share deposited 70
b. made by deposcrs o. the First Preferred STOCK ana
$50 per deposited he made b. dposi'ors OF inc
and Common Stock as eonsiders-
shares of the company.
Paymen, az each instsi.sen being AZ Tire rate OF u
PER SHARE Of FRS, Preferred stock deposited. ana
so PER SHARE o. second Preferred stock ard COM
mon stock deposited mus, made 4 ;he undersigned.
Syndicate. the ofce n ire Deposs-
tary. The Mercantile Tru,t corHany. No 20 Broadway
New York CRY or its London Agency. the London ana
Westminster Bank Limited 30 I<thbury London On -
before SEPTEMBER 0rH. IsDs.
Payment he receipt" FOR the Depostary or 70
ondon Agency on Certificate q Deposit receipts
Failure to pay slrert before such cAeo
subject deposited stock and paid thersoa
forfeitur. syrdi provided IA the Reor-
gan
Dated New York. August 25th isos
SPEYER & Co.
KUHN. LOc,L Il CO..
sPEyER BROTHERS,
Reorganization Managers.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
AMERICAN SECURITIES ABROAD.

London. Sept. S.-Amcrican securities opened
dull and lower. but improved later, and closed
Arm, with moderate demand. Last prices
were: Atchson. l4is; Canadian Pacific el's 81.
Paul 117ik: Illinois Central. III; Louisville and
Nashville CO.'S Union Pacific preferred 6sis
Nev-York Central. 121%.; Erie l4%; Pennsyl-
vania- G1H; Reading. o's; Erie LIST preferred,
3s%: Northern Pacific preferred. sos. ard
Grand Trunk. 80.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09

RAILROAD BONDs.-Market moderately ac-
tive al small final losses in most Issues. Total
sales amounted in par value 70 S2517,0O'
against $4,000 on Wednesday The more
important dealings were in the Atch!son issues,
Baltimore and Ohio Isl receipts Chesapeake
and Ohio 43zs s.. Paul 10 series A. Rock Isl
and Is, Denver and Rio Grande Is. Evansville
ana Gerre Haute ~ Ilncls Contra! IS Of 1893,
Kansas City, P,tsburg and Gulf lists Lake
nhoTe OSzs. Louisville and Nashville unified Is,
Kansas and Texas 2as. New-York Central Lake
enoIs collateral Dps. Norfolk and Western con-
soi rs, Northern Pacific general lien IS and
P'or rs. Oregon Short Line income Bs. Reading
~ 81 Louis Southwestern lists Southern Rah-
way 0s. Union Pacific Is. Union Pacific. Denver
c cnu Iulf lst receipts Wabash issues. Wisconsin
central lst receipts. South Carolina ard Georgia
w. and Texas ana Pacinc DDS
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
t]ub!ie Noticc.

>>.1-o~N.n.N~-~~~~-
4 vCTION sAIE-pNie. Depot. os the ouarternnsefs
~ Dent SCI. th.la.. september D. isoS.
there viii ne SD =; pull auction at the schuyiki'
Arsensl this CIV. 10 o'clock a. M THURSDAY seq
tember 18th 1875 a to- q wGuen cotton and mixes
cuftnss Catalogues sale be had upon application
A. the schuyi k Arseasl COl. John v. Furry. Deputy
ouarte-;rG.tcr General. I. 8. 4.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
6rsvvao"lhg are the posted rates OF the leading
'a"ers OF foreign exchange.

canoNhsTlC EXCHANGE. 49, New Orleans --
Char,nscisi. 81 discount: bank. 81 premium.
san a''gpstoA-Buying. par; selling &c. premium
Cnc,rrrra.n, cisco-sight. I7hc. telegraph. 2Oc.
bank. 3s ,~OVer the counter, par: between
eonn,' Soq4Oc. discount. Boston-1Oal5c dis
inr Savsnnah-Buying. Lice discount: SELL
conn, ,V' per $1,000 premium. chlcago-40c. dis
BANK cLEARrNGs EXCHANGE,
si4l3167 1913 balances so cog ~ C,,ica goHtsx.
ton slL922,el6 balances S756.O6l. Bos-
06S psunshges S1',702. 13I; balances, 1885,
aoeiphia-Exchanges ST., 3O7, 242; bal
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09

OFFICE DF
~ cago ! l.. Jul. ~, lsc-
OWNERS OF BONDS o: the Mississippi Rive1
~ Rrtdg. Company hereby notified that the Cnee9
States Trus, Complr, ~ New 0rk. Trustee has ossl
mated by lot bonds numbered ~. ,. 49, 10 f.3 100
,:sS. 444, 531. 'ifD. and go. - 10 r.ieemeo az
nuret bv the mortgage NJ sinking 'und pay
nen, du. October is' 1895 SAD bonds te redeeme9
at tn. Office q Msssrs ,uyleT Morgan r 90. No. -
York 'fF- Interest on bonds desgnst8
" IT, L. r. WOOD. Treasurer.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
ATE DECLINE IN STOCKS.
EARLY PRICES ADVANCE.
,,,,1. FREAKS OVER FOUR PER CENT
BONDS IRREGULAR.

.-,c.s Yesterday Of the principal active
ss.,,ions were as follows;
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
LEHIGH VALLEY LINES IN NETWORK.

LEHIGH VALLEY LINES IN NEW-YORk.
The Lehigh Valley lines in New-York report
for the quarter ended June 30 1898:
Changes
c.-o.. .srn,nr. 81 e254sa ST. 2ra 4e4 Inc. &is.o25
o,.-a,,r. aYnenses / Ig3 692 O9s O9T Inc. l00.j95
~, .a-r,,s, s2s7eT sll336T Dec. 1870
For the year ended June 30 the gross earnings
were s5.746 26s: operating expenses S3682s55;
net earnings. S2.O533I5 fxed charges, S1Os9-
III; surplus. 1904, 2o4
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
THE AMERICAN SUGAR REFINING co.
New York. September g. 1898
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF The Amerl-

Refining Company have this day declared
the following dividends. payabls0octob~r g. 1898 -
OF the Preferred Stock which 10 entitled
TO quarterly dividends ~ PER CENT.
on the Common Stock dividend of PER CENT.
transfer books will close Sept. Ia. Al tnree
o'clock p. ~, and reopen on Oct. T. ls9s
JOHN Z. SEARLEs. TREASURES.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
THE FEDERAL TREASURY.

THE TREASURY sTATEMENT.-T-he daily
Washington statement. covering actual results
OF two days ago. compared with the las, pre-
cedlng staternent. gives the following halance.:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
CHICAGO. MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL RAILWAY CO..
30 Broad street. 49, ~

YORK. Sept. 6th IS0S.
NOTICE Is hereby given that from the net
earnings Of the fiscal year ending June 30th 1895.
there has been declared regular dividend OF Three dol
nifty share the preferred stock and
Two dollars and ifty per share on the common
stock OF this payable October list at the COM
panys Office In New York city
Thc transfer books will p n. the sd
day Of September and transfers dividend
on the third lay OF October following
FRANK s. BOND. Vlce-Pres't.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
TO THE sTOt kHOLDEas or THE
ILLINOIS STEEL COMPANY.

NOTICE OF CLOSING or STOCK BOOKS.
In consequence NJ the negotiations reatng 70 the pro
posed transfer the Illinois steel company e
another COMPANY. OIL lined In rcuiar iecer whco
Will mailed stockholders The stock transfer COOKE
~ ~ closed from the saos~
~ business Senenber 18TH ISIS tho opening Of ousi-
' ~ W l. GREEN Secretary
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
MONEY AND EXCHANGE.

aoNEF NATES.-Money on call. 3i4 per cent
..n the closing at per cent, and exceptions at
.sa per cent. Time money. ga per cent for
NV Gays 3le per cent for three months. per
80" Tor four months and / per cent for six
.DA'ns Commercial paper rates were 4G4K
CENT Tor the best names for oil periods. and
Tor names not so we'll known.
,OhhiCN EXCHANGE.--Market weak and
uO'A Actual closing rates were:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
Uiuiofro Notices.


UNITED TRACTION AND ELpTRfC COMPANY.
JERSEY CITY. ~ j.. September $. 1898
DIVIDEND Of THREE-QUARTERS OF
ONE PER CENT. the Capital Stock OF this Com.
many will paid 70 registered holders the LIST day
OF October 1895 Transfer books will De closet from the
-''' ' T. p oLCoT-r Treasurer
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09

QUINCY OMAHA a KANSAS CITY RY. co.
On SEPTEMBER -. 1898. cheques for in
~ tcrest due on date the Guaranty Trust Co.'S
certificates OF deposit for preferred bonds OF the
Quincy Omaha Il Kansas City Ry. Co. will be mailed
the holders Of record at the closing OF books Sept
isas Books for trapster of certificates will reopen
GrARANTY TRUST co. OF NETWORK Depository.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
.S4V FR4NCISCO INNING STOCKS.
CHICAGO STOCKS.
Stocks steady.

SHOCKS fttduy.
Yesterday. To-day Yesterday. o-day
Biscuit 32is scH North Chicago. .c25 226
DO pref. 1854 90 Strawboard ..... ri 30t
Diamond Match. 1873 1917 West ChlcaEo.... % 10
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09

Actual cash
oI'Y;antiuE -
,aa'.s - s2oi ppi OF ,2o5.3si - Inc. 81 so G.;
Deposits n Ma ~
ti0nai banks. 6Ie35 l3s SSo47357 Dec. lhSsHl
AvausAi. ca,h $3.50 ~ - sasi 49,
Minor liabilities 57,s52 e. =" 80 Inc 'f'-'N'>
Ac,l cAsh raj s1o2 o53 80 SS2lW.olt Irc. Sda.o7s
GOVERNMENT RECEIPTS 90 Customs
celpts reported from Washington. 1891 $50. IN
ternal revenue receipts. S1l}9Q5. and the mis-
cellaneous receipts. s206f1: tota; Government
receipts for the day. sl.672.5 99 expenditures.
ST9S 900. Receipts for month to date. S10-
90 31s; expenditures. SLIGO 600: excess Of eN-
pentitlises liS7 GS2. Receipts for the nsca!
year ~ date So Sc. 13i: expenditures. Sl42.-
24f. 1873 excess * expenditures S46.3s2,t 59.
Receipts ~ National bank notes ror redemption
yesterday. S32G163
CONSOLIDATED EICHANGE SALES.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-09-09
THE DAYS OPERATIONS IN BONDS.

GOVERNMENT BONDs.-sales 5000. 900 3s
twhen issued. az 1059l055.. Final quotations
foiln2--
The Hope pioneer., 1898-12-01
SHADE FOR THE BEES.
They Need 1t in Hot Wcnther Quite
as Much us They Require
Plenty of Water.

In warm weather shade is quite nee
essary for bees. If the hives are in
a sunny location, as they usually are,
shade may be easily provided by plac-
ing board two feet wide on the top
of the hive with clcat between the
lid and the board for an air space. If
it is not desired that the bees swarm,
plenty of hive room should be provided,
and if swarms are desired a little
crowding will usually start the new
colony off. OF course, honey storing is
abandoned during the swarming period,
and care should be taken to furnish
every facility for hiving the swarms as
quickly as possible SO that they will re-
turn to business. Hives set near few
dwarf pear trees are we'll located, for
nine times out of ten the swarm will
alight on the pear trees, where they
are easily handled without the use of
ladders. Water is necessary for bees,
in warm weather especially, and they
have particular fondness for water
little salty. Keep shallow vessels
near the hives filled with salt water in
which are placed few chips of wood
on which the bees may rest while drink
inp.-EarmerS' Voice.
The Hope pioneer., 1898-12-01
FACTS FOR FARMERS.

Overstock your pastures and youwill
have weeds in them.
Don't be an enemy to yourself and
tree by letting the tree overbear.
The Maltese cat is said to be a su.
perior ratter and valuable on the farm.
Many of our worst weeds may be
destroyed by plowing them under.
Camphor, pennyroyal or any strong
scented thing is good to drive away
flies.
Very diluted carbolic acid applied
with sponge is good to keep flies OF
animals.
Good pure white lead paint ought
to last on building eight or nine
years.
The sheep will turn most of the
weeds into money if they can get at
them.
Neglect to NOW the weeds this year,
and you will have double to take care
of next year.
1t is reported that q substitute for
rubber is to be made from corn. and we
hope it is true.
If we get and keep good hold on the
Philippines, binding twine ought to
be cheap hereafter.
Just as soon as the pastures begin
to fail supplement them with grain to
the cows and young stock.
Don't let single machine stand out
in the possible storms and sun day
after you are. through with it's use.
The hay crop is one of the most i'm
portant crops grown, and if it were
baled, as rule, it would be still more
valua able.-Western Plowman.
The Hope pioneer., 1898-12-01
VERMIN-PROOF COOP.

the engraving; it makes Il sort of vesti-
bule, sheltcring the interior of the
coop from the hot sun and sudden
driving showers. At night it is let
down, and makes the coop warm, dry
and safe from rats, skunks and other
nocturnal prowlers. Above the flap is
an opening for ventilation, covered
with wire cloth.
When chicks are eight weeks old
two roosts are fastened into the coop
few inches above the ground, and the
youngsters make the coop their night
ly lodging until nearly full grown.
This saves them from great deal of
persecution and suffering to which
they are liable if placed with the older
fowls at night as soon as the mother
hen is removed.
At all times when the coop is occu-
pied it is shifted to fresh ground as
frequently as once week, and is fire.
quently turned over and sprayed inside
with kerosene.-George S. Martin, in
Farm and Home.
The Hope pioneer., 1898-12-01
CARE OF CORN FODDER.
Running the Crop Through a HuskeR
and Shredder Is the Best
known Method.

Allow the corn to stand in the field
until the grain begins to harden and
the bottom leaves are turning yellow.
Secure as much of the fodder as pos
sible while it is green. Cutting must
be done before frost or the blades will
be brittle and break off, causing a
loss of the best part of the feed. Place
in shocks of medium size. They must
be large enough to stand we'll, but
small enough to dry out thoroughly.
If the corn is on the green order, as
it will always be at the beginning of
the cutting season, set up about half
of the shock, let it stand for several
days, until thoroughly cured, then cut
the remainder. Shocks 12x12 hills are
about the best size.
The shocks must remain in the field
until the entire plant is thoroughly
dried. Not only must the blades be
well cured, but the stalks must be free
from moisture to insure perfect keep
ing in the stack or after shredding and
storing in the NOW. The time required
will depend upon the season, but usual
ly five or six weeks will be sufficient.
1t can then be put into a stack or rick,
arranging the bundles or armfuls of
fodder as in stacking small grain. If
left in the open field, as is often done,
there is great loss from exposure of
the surface of the shocks to he weather
and the occasional twisting down"
of Il shock. Stack where it will be most
convenient in feeding.
Running the crop through husker
and shredder is the ideal way of lak-
ing care of corn fodder. There is some
objection to this method on the score
of the fodder moldng in the NOW.
If it is thoroughly dried out before
it is shredded there is little danger
from this source. The practical eNperi-
ence of many farmers and feeders has
proven this. True, the shredding is cN-
pcnsive, due to the limited capacity of
the shreddcrs. Improvements are be-
ing made each season, and this obiec-
tion will be removed before very long.
Tho fodder is left in splendid condition,
and is readily eaten by all kinds Of
stock.--Amcrican Agrcuiturist.
The Hope pioneer., 1898-12-01
City Girl In the Country.

The girl who expressed SO much SYM
pathy for the poor farmer because of
his cold job in harvesting his winter
wheat is equal in agricultural knowl-
edge to the one who expressed de-
sire to see a field of tobacco when it
was just plugging ont. But the dam
sci who asked which cow gave tho
buttcrmilk is entitled to the whole
bakery. And girl on her return from
II visit to the country who was asked
II she ever saw anyone milk COW re-
piled: "Oh. yes, indeed ! have; 1t
ticlsles me to death to zee uncle jerk
two OF the COWS faucets ~ tho ssWa
siMo, ,"--EarmevK' Voice #HF
The Hope pioneer., 1898-12-01
FINE WOOL is SCARCE.
Holders of the Article in the United
States Are FnciEga Very Prom
isinS Situation.

The increasing demand for good
mutton is doubtless inducing nearly
all of the smaller sheep farmers to
cross their Merinocs, if they possess
any, with some of more distinctly NUT
ton breeds, in view Of enlarging the
carcasses for the increasing profit
there is in doing so. Report says the
shortage in fine wool the world over
is daily becoming more apparent. Ad-
vices from Australia show another
shortage of 100000 bales of wool, this
time on the new clip. Continued
drought has cut short and greatly en-
feebled the last crop of lambs, and
scarcity of winter feed threatens to
make extensive inroads upon the stock
of weak and impoverished ewes. The
present Australian wool clip is light
and much of it poor in quality. The
next seasons clip will show a still
greater falling off in quantity and
quality. Cross-breeding has cut down
the fine wool clip of Argentina to very
modest proportions. France and Ger
many produce considerably less fine
staple than formerly and, with the pos
sible exception of Russia, there has
been no noticeable increase in the pro-
duction of fine wool in any one of the
leading wool-growing countries, but
rather material and serious diminu-
ton. In the United States the amount
of fine wool of home growth is alarm
ingly small. Stocks of fine staple in
store or factory are steadily going in
to consumption, with comparatively
little in sight anywhere in the world,
to replace them. Growers and holders
of fine wool are facing very promis-
ing situation in which there are no
possible contingencies of loss.-Farm-
er's Union.
The Hope pioneer., 1898-12-01
; MEN OF NERVE. /
BY CHARLES q. LEWIS 4
, {
BY CHARLES B. LEWIS

During the war of the rebellion there
were perhaps hundred spies regular
ly employed on the union side, but
good half of them were civilians, and
OF the others few were ever sent into
tie confederate camps. It was the
soldier at the front, detailed for the
hazardous work, who secured the in
formation wanted by the army COM
manders. The man who fought bat
tie had even chances of escaping
death. and if taken prisoner he would
be duly exchanged. A scout might
be captured on the outskirts of the
enemy's camp, but being in uniform
ne must be treated as a prisoner of
war. 1t was the spy above all others
who took perilous risks and exhibited
nerve to call for official commenda-
tlon. 1t was estimated that a fed
eral soldier who set out in disguise to
visit the confederate lines stood only
one chance in fifty of returning, but
there were always plenty to take the
risk.
Now and then a lieutenant volun-
teered to act as a spy, but in most cases
they were noncommissioned officers or
prlvates. After year or so only pri-
Yates were used. 1t was necessary in
most cases to assume the dress of
civilian. The noncommissioned off,
Ger, paying more attention to his car
riage than the private soldier, gave
himself away by his military bearing.
The man looked for was one who had
not been long at the front. 1t was
not that he looked smart or cunning,
but rather the reverse. The man who
talked too much would be passed over
for the one having reputation for
guinness. Middle-aged men were pre-
fcrred to younger ones, and the point
OF makeup was always considered.
If Gen. Sheridan, for instance, had
no spy and wanted information which
could only be gathered within the en-