davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
,lNBoOzLING GRANDMA.

~, was a grandma half so good :
1870. s while beside her chair lie stoooi
IA lila his rosy check.
IA manner very meek.
,ier dear cid face In loving mooo.
n,yrr was ni,er grandma born;
sone little boys must be foriorn.
r.snaa they've none like you.
iyouder Whit I'd do
!, ! rrandma's kisses right and norm
p,yer was a dearer grandma. t'icret'
std he. ard he sI.oothed her STOW.
IA Aalr;
|iNn fixed her ruffled cap.
ma nestled in her lap.
grandma, smiling. rocked her old arm
lin inaa What things TO you IN
Nj
and carriage and watch and ring.
|All srandrnas are so nice
cust here lie kissed her twice..
sndmas give q good boy everything.
y his dear old grandma could reply
VI lcoksdagp. and with rogulsn eye
tta whispered in her ear
nat nobody might hear:
grandma, have you any more rnince
Nebraska journal.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
new HAppYHAMMERs.

|,ss1s ~ SHORT LETTERS.
~ liz. Zap who lives at Missouri
sIvey J, 70 30 horseback riding.
~ orc n ~ ,k says his father is
us brothers is also d
= nansof Leesyille says he likes
read the Happyham-
q San Marco. i. .an,,,.s !.
u she has some songs
\ year ~ ssaly is enrolled as
s'a ana can read al
sAaa a fsnge says she walks ono
1psstt. 'ooi' She Is to. DO in a
fsasssn' e new Hap who wrItss
~ eons s4Ss she will be GLAD
say q Fairyiew v,,s,,, ~.
INV Joined the ci,,h ~ eoun-
= Years old. 1o s"o years
eoitcn i II says she picked
Hing ho,xetone day. Berta IS
~ ~ Willie MAY B,ovem u,
~ ~ zen enrolled as Huppy.
! kchoolmstes. '''
a. Alnden ssya her papa
le5s w. enjoys reading thu
~ Slrl Who lives az PEI.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
JOINED FOUR YEARS AGO.

Lufkin. 1'exas.--Dear Haphaimmer I hone
the Haps have not forgotten me- have not
written a letter to the club In long time.
True, did write and contributed to the mon
long 1t all esaporated except a few lines and
they were dumped" Down with the short
letters. ! have two sisters and one brother;
Haps, | wish you could see my little shep.
herd puppy: his name Is Schley; he Is the
most knowing dog ever saw.
! will be years old the asth of December
/ Joined the club in 1894, SO l am ain old
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11

lean. Texas. says she is willing to help 80,
chair for the little crippled boy.
Matte Stinnett OF Hico, Hamilton county.
Texas. would like to correspond with sonis
oil the Haps. Matte is 10 years old
Annie Meany Of Galveston L. one of the
new members. Annie used to live in Hemp.
ago
Laura Thompson, a new member who lives
az fopher. Texas, must use pen and ink when
she writes again. 1t Is ngainst the clut
rules to write with pencil. 7s3
Eddie and susie Lowrancc Of Mountain
Home say they enjoy the Haps letters WY
ninch. They live on y ranch. Their papa
vert hunting md killed fourteen deer and
several turkeys. ss5 ,5's.3. :. u ~
James e. Wilson Of Pelican says he saw
letter on the Haps pnge from Martha Vii.
sen and wonders II she Is related to him,
Ills father was born in Kentucky and had
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11

loiger. enjoy reading the liaps' letters very
much indeed, Hsps, am not soing to schoo
now. for they are building more rooms ont.
MAY 4 speak : word 70 tho Hapss Miss Nct.
nc ra.ge scefield enjoy reading your let.
enjoy reading Miss Nettie voss, hav,
seer you. DO YOU remember ne, md where
uate and THY we're all very good. hut thint
;ntvmperaMce IL much tho creator evil,
), As this Is my first visit VIII say sdiea
TRIP THROUGH THE COUNTRY.
Dcvine, Texas.--Dear Haphammcr. l have
not Written TO the Haps' page for year,
Time. viii tell about the risneurs. trip tina!
took about three months ago. wv stared
out about the LIST Of July to Edwards county,
travel we went twenty -fve miles west of De.
vine, q very small station, and campcd out IN
the pleasant night air, which we enjoyed
wss W. neesa aesss s saas q sss
mails. About noon wo reached the Ffio RVS
or: There We camped aud hshcd most OF the
afternoon; The next morning we stared
county sito of Frio county We passed many
nice rivers ns clear as crystal all kinds OF
sweet smelling flowers and ncu.riciols
grasses. In several places We could zee herds
Of sheep md gonts on til, steep hill Sizes.
We went through tho nice iittie town 81
Uvalde. From Vvalde we Travelled north
across the mountains up the Nueccs rivcr To
Rock Springs. In Edwards county. we stayed
there three days looking at the country.
VIII close with love to the Hapss
Cleveland Griffin.
SHE WILL. HELP To HAMMER.
La Grange. TcShs.--Drnr llaphamniur. |
have heen reading The Post FOR the past year
aud think 1t one az tfeNbrpt papers IN this
state: lcnjoy reading the Happyhammes
page. pud think some: OF Tim letters arc very
interesting. ] have intended Ia ask admission
hae tsen putting II or. Here ] am ut last
thourh. and come knocking all the door oi
this happy circle and tras, you wild admit
nae II YOU do. / PROMISE to try to hammer
l.arpiiitss into the lives OF every one meet
atn ~ years DID,. md 90 to school ana AL
NAYS try to be perfect IN my lessons. but am
sorry to say. do not Always succeed / was
very much Interested In the contests FOR the
flower, tree bird, dog and ooIors of the tluD,
anc don't think better selections could have
peer made. stc great deal written by dit
itrent members as to which lis WORSE war or
incompetence, Now, my opinion Is toth strc
as bud as II Is possible for anything t. be.
both the world would be great deal better
OH read With much interest an article
ny Iearl Jainison about tho Yosemite Valley
J thibk Pearl has gotten things little m xea
anu some day, II no objection Ii made | Will
Siss the Happyhammers n description OF this
GUNNER. and learned great deal about IL.
I'u, ] must stop MS I am afraid you will think
! eln making this letter very long for nav
inemhef Please ! Ut my name on Che list OF
ifappybamms-s With goud wishes for all the
members, am, yours for honriaess.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
PICKED .oon POUNDS.

oufalls, Texas.--Dear Haphammer: fter
can no longer resist writing, Two IN the
village of oakalla. l am D little girl IS years
Q. nse. Have you Hnps any pets? have two
little pet squirrels They arc real pretty PETS
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11

but they give me trouble when they get out
81 the cage. Well, ! gdrss you Haps are all
Mr., Jim Cook. Murph, Smith IL my dcs9-
mate a, school. we have about seventy
scholars In school, How many of you liaps
nick cottong picked about 400 pounds .nis
fall. \ true Hap. Nellic GllsuM.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
! a LITTLE COUNTRY SCHOOL,

Oakalla. Texas:-Dear Haphammer: Hero
Genes an Oakaila girl to join your happy
aunt My mamma has been dead nearly
twelve years.
How many Of you girls and boys like musicg
to go. We have nice times al our school. II
Is only little country school, haven't
seen my papa IN year. Now. Haps. don't
YOU Know want to see him? / have three
sisters and one brother. Il true Han.
Murpha Smith,
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
FROM EXTREME NORTH TEXAS.

Houston, Texas.--Dear Haphammer: As to-
day is Sunday and I've Just been reading the
letters from the different pIaces and as the
weather is very cold. damp and disagreeable
the thought suggested itself to Join the Hap
pyhammers. ! came from the extreme north
ern portion Of Texas where the Indians still
live and whore prairie dogs. rattle snakes aud
the little prairie owls are in abundance. am
II years old and am in the ffth grade. For
fear my letter will find reception in the
waste basket I will close. would like to
correspond with some of the Happyhammers.
Bessie Lee.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
{ AN OLD CAP AND hooks.

Cleveland. TcSas.-Dear Haph,ammer: Here
come knocking at the door, Will you please
let me in2 I'll promise to not stay long
am going to school now and like my teach
eer very much. His name is Prof. Stegall: he
Is a good teacher : =
| VIII be glad when Christmas comes, won't
Mamma has a cap that she has had twenty
-FOUR years and a book that she has had
her.
Come again, Miss Nettie p. sconeld. Your
friend, Era Isaacks.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
HAP 1ELks.

Happyhammeis: Animals play an I'M
part In the belief and folk lore OF all
The most magnificent OF old Hindu
n known as the sacrifice OF the horse.
poserful monarch picked out either a
ma horse with a. saffron tail and 4
nsAt ear, or an entirely black animal.
pllts Inscribed with the kings name
Rentd TO It's forehead. the horse turned
q for whole year wherever it choose
y ung's army had to follow, and mt
vAoss territory was invaded all honor
eige had 10 be paid the Invading army.
aa Of the year, dnriIR which the king
le l'le OF an ascetic and slept on thu
Sand, the horse was sacrificed
nnabl'ants of the Isle of Man had a
eA when the fairies went hunting they
= tte stables of wealthy persons their
horses. and that it was an ordinary
nnd the poor animals in the stables
morning tired AMI covered with foam
Oelf owners knew they had not been
'ne stable door all night.
Nnlltion still cxtant is that while
Vlses must be used to draw nearse
N','ase must be drawn by none but
sla's' II you dream of bay horses
0adered good luck.
n s0metnlng the Haphammer saw IN
~ me other day that may be Of
S@e boys of the club. It is a ljttla
wing the necessity of armor-plated
~ y says, needs to be iron clad on
asainst the first taste of liquor.
salnst impure words.
u. wrong doing.
asainst irreverence and. doubt
a'nst going with bad company.
ssalnst dangerous books and Die.
against dishonest money.
'a'-against evil speaking.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
1HE yELLowsroNn PARK..

Lninpasas, Te<la,--Dsar Haphamtner; I
viii write about the Ysllowstore National
Parh Tho great pleasure ground Of the
American people occupies .he nnrthy.'stsrn
Montana and Idaho. The "Wondsfiand, Is
il has been appropriately termed. gas ftyst
brought prominently before the public nosico
ia 1850, thorueh the exploration Of Mon.
tans survey party The park. which measures
si,ty-fise by feysnty-fivs niiies. ana contains
aa7s saiiaro miles, Ia hemmed 10 by noun.
fam ivpges ~hogk snow clad peaks tower 10
4 Insight u from 1900 10 1900 feet. The
glaciers. hot springs, falls ard canyons. ~
81 sny 10 the world, and render tht ptepats
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
A BRIGHT LOUISIANA MHMpER,

kenSiic, La.--Dcar Haphnmmer: On ac.
count Of It's being one Of 'Ranfeilow's iongy
Days am detarred the privilege OF nj.
tending school. and know / shall suffer for
It,, as my teacher thinks ought 10 be there.
rain or shine There arc two telephone - res
running directly In front OF my home, con
Meeting the Pelican aud Lcne Star States. ii
Ind connection there are several oil this
Hal's would Ike to talk with To Dprah
would say: ! think your letter was lust
splendid and would like TO zee lust such let
tsrs a.s that In tho columns every week. 70
Ccfne.lus: About the Spartan Youth WIS
very Instructive and nicely written. We have
Just hnd great DIAL about the Spartans or
l:ncedaernnians In our Universal History. /
think Grecian history liz vqry Interesting. M.ss
slofieId, can synpathize With you, 40 MY
walkers are lot such jiirinutive specimens
themselves. But there Is one thing Tint con-
soles me- have often hcafl that Queen Vie
toTIa wore a No. Z. and tbs fine thing to
hive Rood understanding from head TO foot,
as you aud havA.
+ BY way OF dIvcrniln, attended show Mt
our school building the other night, which WAS
not only entertaining, but Instructive IL
Presented to yiew scenes Of which | paye
read: s,ch as tho bnttjoshp oregon leaving
san FRANCISCO and the Mniue entering Havana
iarbor. Yesterday was Thanksgiving. iiow
many OF the ds65 lIhps obeyed tho Injunction
and Hammered happiness when ana wler-
ever they. .could2' |. fos one. am afra a
ga not Therefore, ] can't sign myself u nxue
Hap Caroline 10 shuN
Sub Rosa. The non-appearanno 81 Inc tur-
key was the cause OF my Jisloyajty to the
itntio, Hammer Happiness When aid Wher.
ogtr You Can"
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11

Hap, after ALL. have been kept busy pick
,ng cotton and trying to keep up with my
picking is q thing OF the past now, and am
cniy TOO elad for don't like Acid work.
a lew months ago one of the HAps asked
ABOUT Mrs, Bishop. She lives In New Or
leans ! am glad YOU iiked her, as she Is
-, nave Very funny parody OF the song
VINO viii send sclf-addr,sAtd and stamped
envelope have also a great many others
Snd would like to exchange, see Mr.. Hap
true Hap. Mabel Perkins
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
\ WANTS CHRISTMAS TO COME.

Livingston, Tcxas,--Dear Haphammer: Here
comes little i2-year-old Girl knocking at
reading the Happy hammer page l would like
to Join the club. am Eoing to school aud
am an In the fourth grade; am learning fast. !,
i've with grandma and grandpa, and they are
very good and kind TO mes Il have three
brothers and two sisters, but l haven't any
pets want Christmas to hurry up and como
so can get some presents. I Will close with
52@ Carrie EgsIeston.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
wILL nAMMER iIArrINnss.

Humble. Texas. ---Dear Haphamn,cr. am
Tons To school now aud my teashsr's ia e
70 Mr.. Smell. like him very much. atm
like my studies very much / have thee
milee to 80 to school think Guys mouu-
inert is very nice. All OF the 1Iaps ara so
kind to help the .rippirs ard vii. hammer
happiness Whenever ] can, hope III oil Tho
liArs will have nicc Chtistmas. vii
Close for my letter may grew too long. !
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
HER FIRST ATTEMPT j

Iairar. Teyas.-Dear Haphammer: WIN
YOU admit another little girl OF IA winters into
your happy sanctum? have no pets. as a
to school and ami learning eery fast. Wy
studies are spelling reading geography. gram
mar. and arithmetic. love my teacher very
he seems to take a pride in teacNiA all al
MS scholars. Papa takes The Post I'D bas
been taking It ever since can remember
enjoy reading the letters from the young
folks SO much. As this is my first 0asampt,
IN dtsist With many well wishes all, l
am h. A, Bshop.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
THE LATEST MAN.

Houston. Toxaf.--Dcar Haphammar VIII
YOU kindly reopen tho door that CLOSED on
pleaaallt visit OF my life! should like 10
nave some Of our Interesting brothers and
sisters give us their ycrsion Of what they
consider 'truo Happyhammcf."
believe tina! we ought to strive. not only
TO live better ourselves but also to lift up
brother or sister whenever we see one fall
smoke q devoutedly pray TINT none OF tho
lIaps dol you need not give them u lecture
sey your disapgroval OF It.. Now. girls. u
word 10 you. When your dear. dear chuIn
comes TO you with the choicest hi, OF gossip
can you not find some we'll bred lady-like way
20 let her know that goHsipping and back bit-
ing are not pleasant to your II you girls
would not associate with boys whom you
know to use bad language and smoked (pfr-
hnps drank) there wcuId be less Of those kind
Of men IN the world.
For the majority Of boys prize the nirir'
co'npanionship more than they do anything
Phil Webster gives some sood stories on
laziness. but think can 10 you one bettor.
Twas a sultiy day In July and the broad
Mississippi rolled iis muddy waves lazily b.
ward the ocean. Aud the shipping lying OF
New Orleans rode SILENTLY at anchor.
Twas midday and the levee hands were
sprawlipf about IN the shade Of various boxes
an sf re, pi is . a,',Ir.. ..as ,ra
clatift q hocfs and gentleman rods down
one o. me forersen MS atte ton was attracted
TO three men wing 1T full lTrrth on some cot
ton hslee. walking over u them. h. said:
Five dpilsrs In soid tn tho Latest man here !,
Instantly, az II propelle1 upward by springs
sprirg two Of the men and together claimed
the honor Of beiuF the Iaziest men. not only
In the city. but in the whole State. The gem
tkman waited for the other man TO reply.
The third man slowly opened his eyes Is
ne slowly seemed to. take in the situation.
psped, and finally drswied. Nav, sah.
them two be liars: be the --LATEST man 81
the hull Ststs, Roll me over end tote the
self he passed back into the Land Of NOD \,
IT'S needless TO say he rot the money. a
friendly Hap. sicnsrs TrernaD
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-12-11
HER. PETS.

rsSain true Hap. ~ Msr,ha sinsistS,.
HER PETS.
Wallisvillc, Texas Dear Haphammer: |
STUDY geography.. grammar. arithmetic and
ing bird for pets; also u little dog. whose
nome is Nebraska,
have q little sister and her nare Is Thel.
walk will ask riddle and quit:
Round MS an apple,
Deep as a cup,
All the kings horses
Can't pull 1t up. Anna Mayes,
WHAT rs THE ANswERg
Carcncro, 'La.-Dcar. .Haphammer; Some
riddle. asking who could guess the answer.
cln not. and nm anxious for tt II you nave
the answer win you psass print ! and osl,xe
..htaT. God niade out OF dust,
So was made before the man
To answer Gods most holy MAN.
With best wishes to the club. I remain It's
friend. although not member. Effic.
a SCHOOL ENTERTAINMENT.
Prairie HILL Texas.--Denr Haphammer: As
j have never seen any letters from our prairie
reEio. thought would write to The Post.
! have been reading the letters in the
long time that would write to 'f the paper
,s s ees sps s. 'ehsS ssss as
Walliug. is going to have an entertainment
Christmas.
Wen; as this is my first letter, guess I
all aCeiu. now Hap. Lcta n. Elliott
SHE ENJOYS THE LETTERS.
stafford Texas. Dear Haphainmor. viii
You let another little girl into your happy
band OF boys and girls? have been silent
reader for long time. but can be silent no
The Topeka state journal., 1898-08-03
GARCIA STRIKES.
Cuban General Meets a Body of
Spanish Troops,
And Defeats Them in a Pitch
ed Battle.
MOVING ON HOLGUIN
With an Army Strengthened
by ReinfOrcements.
MOVING ON HOLGUIN
ManzaniIIO is About Ready To
Surrender.

Playa del Este, Aug. 3.-News has been
received here from General Calixto Gar
cia and the Cuban forces under him at
Mayari, near the bay of Nipe, on the
north coast of the province of Santiago de
Cuba The report is that General Garcia
has been in a heavy fight with Spanish
troops, who were trying to effect a juno
ton with the main body of Spanish regu-
lars at Holguin- These Spaniards were
probably the force that evacuated Nipe
bay during the recent naval lombard
ment.
A large body of Cuban reinforcements
had reached General Garcia and the i'm
preston is that he defeated the Spaniards
in this engagement, or at least held his
own. The Cuban dispatch says that two
cannon had already been taken from the
enemy and that the Spanish cavalry had
been defeated. General Garcia had moved
toward Holguin,a as it was reported that the
Spaniards were trying to open their way
through the Cuban lines to the province or
Puerto Principe.
The inhabitants of Caimers and Guam
tanamO are now receiving Red Cross sup
plies from Santiago.
The tug Manau, recently surrendered,
arrived here today from Cienfuegos in
charge of Ensign MacFarlane. Ensign
Trinidad, Cape Cruz, ManzanillO and Glen
fuegOs indicate great suffering and starV-
alton throughout the whole section where
the blockade is doing its work.
1t is believed that ManZanillO will have
to surrender on demand to the navy.
The Topeka state journal., 1898-08-03
ARCHERY NOW THE FAD.
Eastern Society Members Become
Disciples of Robin Hood.

Chicago, Aug. 3.-Archery, with all its
promised accompaniment of modern
knights and long tournaments, is here. It
has begun to take its place along with
golf and crOquet and other games that
country club members like to play. The
the bow and arrow for something like
half a century, must step aside and give
his parents a chance. In a word, arch
cry is the coming fad
The Ouilmette country club of Will
mette has already started the revival, and
there was not a regulation bow or eX-
pert archer to be found in Chicago. Now
lawns and club grounds in the suburbs
are dotted with targets, and a quiVer full
of arrows is coming to be just as neceS-
sary to the fashionable sportsman as a
bag filed with golf sticks The Wilmette
enthusiasts have found so much pleasure
in the game that they have cOnfided it to
neighbOring clubs. There is a movement
on foot at the Evanston Country club to
get the paraphernalia and be abreast of
the times. At the SkOkie Country club
q half dozen members have banded to-
gether to become mounted archers. They
and arrow is too easy and that the Name
lukes were never known to let arrow
fly unless riding at speed of ten miles
An evidence of the growing popularity
of archery is shown in the large sales of
dealers in sporting goods. A member of
a large firm, who has caught the wave of
yeOman'S 5 spirit is authority for the state
ment that the demand for archery goods
is greater than be accommodated.
There is an abundance of targets, but the
fine bows which must be of lanceWoOd
and carefully balanced, are not in the
The Topeka state journal., 1898-08-03
CORBETT'S FUTURE PLANS.
Jefries Next IfHe Defeats Kid Mccoy
Next Month.

New York, Aug. 3.-Jim H. Jeffries
will be the first man to get a chance to
meet Jim Corbett, providing the latter
is successful in his meeting next month
with KID Mccoy. This much has al
ready been decided by the Corbett par
ty, of which George Considine, the form
er Detroit sporting man, is spokesman
and general adviser AS a matter of
fact the future of the former champion
is pretty well mapped out, according to
the talk of COnsidine.
Sharkey has been making a lot Of
noise of late regarding another meet
ing with COrbett, and has tried to hu-
initiate the latter by making offers he
knew would be laughed at by COrbett.
Sharkey has not made as many friends
as he might have wished by this course,
but still a lot of persons who are good
judges of the boxing game, have taken
a liking to the rough sailor and are
plugging for him to get another match
with COrbett.
But Director General Considine will
not listen to any such propositions. He
wisely claims that inasmuch as Shar-
key has already been beaten, and that
by Jeffries, COrbett should have moth
ing to do with him until he shall have
made good claims that he was robbed
at Frisco when Jeffries got the decision
over him.
The Topeka state journal., 1898-08-03
NEW CURE FOR TOOTHACHE
One Trial Gives Work to Three Doc
tors and Fire Department.

Chicopee, Mass, Aug. 3.-Jacob Spe-
neck, a Pole, has been experimenting
with a new cure for toothache, but the
results which have been attained thus
far are not calculated to give the rem
edy a boom in popular favor. 1t seems
that Jacobs young son had tooth that
ached badly, and the sympathetic par
ent decided to try a remedy which one
of his friends had suggested to him,
and which consisted of burning gun
powder and inhaling the fumes. Jacob
placed a saucer on the table and turned
into it a liberal quantity of the powder;
there was nothing like making a sure
thing of it while he was about it. OF
course, it was convenient to have the
kerosene lamp close by in order to see
clearly. Everything went finely until
Jacob touched off the powder; when he
did this the concussiOn caused the lamp
to explode and covered him and two
others with burning oil.
The fire department was able to put
out the fire without much trouble and
three local physicians will probably be
able to save the lives of those who were
burned but it is a painful experience.
Jacobs heroic efforts in the field of
medical science We're made known
through the investigation of Deputy
Fire Marshal Spencer.