davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26

Special dispatch 10 The Daily Leader.
WASHINGTON, April 2G, 80 p. Nj
The president has issued Il proclamation
declaring that the right of search VIII be
exercised with strict regard to the rights
OF Eeutrals. He gives Spanish vessels
until May p to leave American ports.
The gunboat Newport brought two
small prizes into Key West this morning.
Secretary Day IS confirmation as sue
cessor to Secretary Sherman has been
confirmed.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26
vatican IL NeuIrA..

vatican IL NeutrA..
LONDON. April {. -The Rome CORE
spondent of The Daily Mail says: Car.
dinal Rampolla. the papal secretary of
state. declares hat the Vatican will
observe the strictest neutrality. The
pope desires prayers only for a speedy
conclusion Of peace.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26
TRADE WITH JAPAN.

Alleged She Will Get the Philippines in
Return For Certain "Assistauce."
NEW YORK, April 26. Hawaiian an.
nexation, which would not be accom-.
plished in time of peace. is more than
a probability now that war is on, SAYS
the Washington correspondent Of The
Herald.
There is 40 longer any danger of OBJ
lection from Japan to the annexation
proposition, for it is said that there is
already q tacit understanding between
the United States and Japan whereby
the latter country will eventually be-
given control Of the Philippines in re.
turn for certain assistance during the
war, the character Of which will soon
become apparent.
A Suggestion From Minister Isarrett.
BANGKOK. April 28.-United States
Minister Barrett suggests that after
America captures the Philippine
islands she should negotiate with Great
Britain to exchange them for the lat.
ter's West Indies colonies.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26
FRANK G. SMITH.
iheMa

/, '-ss.'I ~ ,<iserc
we : ,"'ous ii tie .:..a.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26

constipation mud Piles ara ,n;,,
Ihey XIII people inch by inch. S,n nra
away every day. Rocky Moun,n'n T ne
VIII positively cure you. 81 cents -"
FRANK G. SMITH.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26
Quota Of

TOPEKA, Kan. April 26.-Governor
Leedy says 10000 volunteers have of.
Tered their services from Kansas.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26

Nature Intended man to be strong. to
love and 10 loved. Can't expect much
from asickly, nerveles- ,man-'taint in
him. Rocky Mountain Tea brings
strength, nerve. FRANK G. SMITH.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1898-04-26

1t Is Il great leap from the old
fashioned doses Of blne-mnAs and nau-
seous physics I" The pleasun, li'tl. pills
known rs De Wits Little Early Rleers'
They cure constipation, sick headache
and hilliunsnese.
FRANK SMITH.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

little profitable deals in The town and at
the conclusion of one of his eniistrnents
he took a furlough and had a look around
the country. He thought Seattle world one
day be a pretty warm site for n CITY. and
he laid down his savings In investments
by the acre in and around the site where
Seattle now is When the boom began
Forsythe simply woke up to find himself
rich, and he bought his discharge from the
army by telegraph. He didn't go to pieces,
either. as so many ex-soldie-s and ex
sailors who make money ashore do. but
he unloaded his property at the psychology
ical moment. and he has got enough n oney
now to keep all of the coyotes of the plains
away from his door for a good many years
longer than he will ever live
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

forth There was a pitched battle and
about thirty of the Bolivian's Indians were
killed. The result was that the Bolivian
came day so later to the foreigner and
asked him to sell him his place. Said the
foreigner: Yes, l will sell to you but my
price Is now $4,000. L offered you the
farm a month ago for $4,000, but after
what you have done you cannot have it
for less than $4,000"
Il will take it," was the reply. Il have
had enough of you, and as l want the farm
will pay what you ask" And he did.
The POnSo.
All the dishwashing, fire making and
water carrying as we'll as the dirty work
of the household generally in La Paz is
done by men called Pongos. The Pongo of
most houses is changed every week and
many families have fifty-two different Pom
gos in year. This is due to one of the
customs which prevails here between the
Indians and their masters. In addition to
the three days a week without pay. which
the Indians must give they have to fur
nish also without pay so many men a
week to do the dirty work about the house.
On a large farm five or six more such men
are furnished than are needed by the
family of the planter and they are then
hired out to others. AS the Pongo works
only for a week at a time the contract Is
made to furnish one a year for from $50
to 800 Bolivian or from S2S to S35 Ameri-
can. The Pongo when he comes at the first
of the week brings with him five bags of
llama manure for the fuel of the house
hold and also two or three native brooms.
He gets nothing for these and receives in
short no pay whatever AT night he
sleeps on the cold stones inside the door
leading to the street and must get up and
open to anyone who knocks. The work
done by him will not be done by any of the
other servants. so that If you should have
twenty other servants you must still have
your Pongo. The Pongo alone will go to
the public fountain for the water, the
Pongo carries the vegetables and meats
which the cook buys. home from market
and the Pongo alone empties the Stops and
cleans the pots and pans
These Indians often give their children
over to the whites to be brought up by
them as servants. There is money con-
sideration, and though the Bolivian law
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

daily IT, large quantities. Coca Is the shrub
from which cocaine is made. 1t should be
distinguished from the cacao tree. from
which we get our chocolate and cocoa The
coca plant grows from two to five feet IN
height. and it is largely cultivated In the
eastern provinces of Bolivia. Each plant
gives three crops of leaves a year. The
leaves are gathered by Indian women,
pc cked up in bundles of twenty-five pounds
each and shipped to the markets on the
backs of llamas. donkeys mules. 1t Is
heavily taxed and is one of the chief
sources of government revenue.
The Indians use coca much as the Siam
csc chew the betel nut. They take the
leaves, which, by the way, look not unlike
wintergreen leaves and mix them with
as hes of lime. They chew the mixture,
and strange to say, swallow their spittle.
The chew is said to be both a food and
stimulant. 1t keeps out the cold and al
lays hunger. Many of the Indians go out
and work for hours or nothing but a chew
of coca, and in gong over these high noun
tain passes they always chew it. At noon
and breakfast times they put in supplies
of the mixture. but keep on chewing all
day long year in and year out. Strange to
say, this continuous chewing does not
seem to cause indigestion. and 1 am told
that it has no evil effects. Not few of
the half-breedS use coca, but / have yet to
find any whites who addicted to the
habit
They Drink Raw Alcohol.
The Bolivian Indian drinks raw alcohol.
This he esteems the most desirable of bev
eiages, and large part of his earnings
goes toward keering himself and his family
in chronic state of inebriety. On feast
days, and l am told that the Indian claims
200 feast days out of every 365, men, wo-
men and children get drunk and keep so
until the alcohol and their money run out.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

Nvian- The Bolivian coveted the foreigners
property and wanted TO force him to sell IL
CT cap. He fomented feud between his In
dams and those of the foreigner The
crops OF the foreigners Indians were pulled
from the ground. his men were -oned, and
az last they came to him and told him their
situation He asked them what they were
going 10 90 about IT. They replied that II
he would allow them the keys of the house
and church and give them forty pounds of
cocoa leaves and six gallons of alcohol
they would soon settle the difficulty
They told him that the Bolivian was trying
70 make him sick OF the bargain, and that
he was doing this so that he would gladly
sell out the property for little or nothing
But. said the foreigner to the chief of
me Indians, what can you do? You have
only forty men and the Bolivian has ESQ.,
me chief said he would get the Indians of
other small farms near by to unite with
Ihem- This they did. They concealed these
Indians in the church on the estate, and
when the marauding Indians came again
aud began to pull up the crops all sailed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09
GATHERING OF IVORY.
Elephants Will Soon BE Extinct I'm
less They Are Protected.

From the Philadelphia Record.
From the time when palaeolithic man
FIRST drew the rude outline of an animal
on mammoth's tusk, ivory has always
been a faVorite material for the artist to
work upon. The Egyptians and Assyrians
used it extensively for making ornaments
and among the Greeks some of the master
pieces of sculpture were wrought in ivory
Fashion has indeed brought about a change
in this respect, and ivory is not now SO
much used in art; but for more prosaic
purposes it is still in great demand, and in
the manufacture of billiard balls alone
thousands of tusks are used annually In
deed, the demand for ivory is constantly
increasing, and unless legislation interferes
TO put stop to the wholesale slaughter of
elephants they must soon become extinct.
The worlds annual consumption of ivory
is estimated at something like 800 900
pounds, valued at $500, 600, and to supply
this amount 10000 elephants must be kill
ed. The consumption in Sheffield alone re-
quires the annual slaughter of 22OOO ami
mails. Africa supplies the great bulk of
ivory, the Indian wild elephant having be-
come SO scarce of late years that India is
now obliged to import a considerable GUAM
uty of ivory A vast amount of fossil
ivory is also exported from eastern ST.
IBERIA to various countries, chiefly to the
than in England
Africa, them remains the happy hunting
ground for the ivory collector. African
ivory, too, fetches higher price than any
other, being denser in texture susceptible
of a higher polish, and not so liable to turn
yellow when exposed to the light as the
Indian kind. In Africa itself the quality
is found to vary greatly the rule being
that the warmer the region the finer is the
ivory found there. The finest tusks how
ever, are generally met with at some dis
lance from the equator. The finest pair of
tusks ever brought to Europe came from
Uganda, and are valued at $40 Tusks of
anything like these dimensions are, how
ever. very rare, and are difficult to procure
flom the natives, who value them highly,
and use them for door posts, especially in
II cir temples. The teeth of a full-grown
'tusker" seldom measure over six feet and
weigh from one to two hundred pounds
The tusk is usually solid for about half its
length, the base being quite thin, and there
fore or little use for commercial purposes
Only from the upper portion of the tusk
can billiard balls and the bulkier articles
be made.
The longest tusk known came from Ia
bora, East Africa, and Is 95z feet long and
weighs 97 pounds. The largest and the
thickest pairs of tusks in the world meas
ure so feet and o 1-3 feet and weigh 167Ih
pounds and ia pounds respectively; while
the thickest pair, from Mann Mann, in
Central Africal, are over five feet long and
their respective weight is 123 pounds and
lis pounds.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09
Dancing Scorpions.
From the Quarterly Review.

From the Quarterly Review.
Tarantulss do not dance to the sound of
the violin. but let the people they bite do
the dancing; scorpions, however. enjoy i'd
ding, and lizards go crazy for music of
any kind. As for serpents. the boa coz
strictor and python are senseless to mel
ody, but the cobra is fascinated by the
flute and still more by The fiddle. Polar
bears enjoy the violin: so do ostriches;
wolves will stop in the chase to listen to q
cernet: elephants are ford of the flute,
especially the upper notes: tigers while ap-
preciating violin and flute. cannot stand
the harmobium. while the musical seal
shows no emotion On hearing any instrr-
ment, not even the bass drum.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

of all the people Of
Bolivia are Indians.
The country is mora
than one-sixth the
size OF the United
States without Alas
ka, and these In
dams are scattered
all over it. Some of
them are savage, but
the bulk, comprising
a population approx
mating d million, be-
long TO two civilized
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

ops the latent quail
ty in the makeup of
many a young man.
1t Is not intended
here to say that any
man is too good for
the American army
or navy. But it can
not be denied that,
long before the pres
ent war was even
dreamed of there
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

iaea of the acme of pleasure. Speaking of
alcohol ard aguardiente or sugar brandy.
which is largely used here. reminds me of
a curious method they have of carrying
such liquors over the country. 1t must all
go on the backs of men mules, and the
receptacle in which it is taken is usually
a goat skin. The skins, 1 am automatically
informed. are torn from the bodies of the
goats while still living, as such skins
make more pliable and better bags. The
goats are hung up by the horns. Then
slit is made about the neck and a couple of
men. Selling hold Of the skin, fairly rip
it from the body of the tortured and dying
animal.
Chicha or Bolivian Beer.
Another drink, which is liked by both
Indians and Cholos or the mixed races
here, is known as chicha. You will find
chicha saloons in every block of any Bo-
liv:an city. The chicha is kept in an
immense earthen jar and is ladled out in
glasses much like the beer schooner of our
country. The liquor looks like very thin
and very dirty buttermilk with decidedly
yelowish tinge. l have not as yet been
able to acquire a taste for it, and since
have heard how the best of it is made |
have not had trouble in giving up trying to
do so. Chicha is made of Indian corn or
maize. 1t is drink that used by the
Indians here ages ago, and you still find it
everywhere along the west coast of South
America. The best made in Bolivia comes
from the city or CochaDamDa. Here Is
how it is made: The grains of ripe corn are
first bruised with heavy stone. Then
they are handed over to a party of old and
young women who chew them thoroughly
mixing the grain with their saliva until
they have turned it into a paste when they
spit it out into dish or cup and begin on
fresh chew. When a sufficient amount
OF the paste or corn and spittle has been
collected it is spread out upon a board to
dry 1t is next put into a big earthen YES
Sci large around as wash tub and
about as high as your waist. This is filled
with water and boiled over a slow fire for
four days. 1t is then cooled, filtered and
put into earthen vessels and left to fer
ment. After about week IS fermentation
it is ready to drink. 1t now smells like old
yeast and tastes not unlike old butter
milk. Good chicha will make man drunk
but many of the Indians can drink a gal
Ion at a time without being perceptibly af-
fected by it. When the Indians of the Pill
conayo have their harvest they celebrate
the occasion with great feast Each vii
lage prepares quantities of chicha, and the
Indians of the whole section go from one
village to another. and there is a grand
chicha drunk. They continue their drink
ing until all the chicha is consumed The
women sit around a fire with the men be-
hind them. They pass the chicha first to
the men and then drink themselves AS
drunkenness comes on their orgies grow
more and more wild, and toward the last
they act more like beasts than like men
and women. FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09
Queer Indians Who Live in the In
terror of Bolivia.
PRACTICALLY 4 RACE OF SLAVES
Contented Just as Long as They
Can Get Drunk


Special Correspondence Of The Evening Star.
Copyright 1895, by Frank G. Carpenter1
LA PAZ Bolivia, June I, 1898.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

Optician-Yes. you see double 1 can cor
rect the fault with spectacles"
Patient-"Hurry. Maybe 1t isn't twins
jewelers. Weekly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

provides for the education of child so
bought this is practically limited by the
caprice of the buyer. The contract usual
ly provides that the parents may have
the child back if they pay twenty cents a
day for the time he has been in the hands
of the buyer, but as the Indians never have
any money ahead such sales are usually
absolute, and they are in force until the
child is of age. If the master don't like
the child, however, he can send it back,
claiming that it has some fault. Many of
the house servants of La Paz are gotten in
this way, especially in the case of the girls.
As a rule, large number of servants are
needed, one usually being allotted to each
child of a well-todo family. The servants
are lazy and inefficient, it requiring about
four Indians to do the work of one good
American hired girl. The wages are from
sl.2O to SO a month in this money, which
is equal to from forty-two cents to $3.50
American money.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

Always pay as you CO." SAID Uncle Dud-
ley.
But SUPPOSE I've nothing to pay w;th?"
Then. don't go."-Tie Bits.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

The Oldest British regiment dates back TO
l66o- The Oldest Austrian regiment is said
to have been raised IN 1918 the Oldest Rus
sian regiment in 100. The old French
army boosted of regiments raised in 1855.
These were disbanded at the time of the
revolution but vera again brought to-
gether by Napoleon. being finally dispersed
on his downfall by the Bourbons.
A novel sort OF window glass has been In
vented Persons on ths inside of the house
can see through it. but it is opaque to thosS
On the outside.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09
A Look at an Indian Hut.

l wish 1 could take you into one of these
Indian huts and show you just how hun
dreds of thousands of people live here in
Bolivia. 1t is by no means easy to get in
TO the Indians house, for he hates strang-
eTs and will not admit anyone if he can
help it. 1 had one or two rather serious
experiences while making my investiga-
items of this kind on the Titicaca plateau
and in enc case the Indian householder
showed fight and threatened to have me
arrested. The outside of the huts are 70
be seen everywhere in the country about
here l haye ridden along tens of thous-
andS of them and they are practically the
same everywhere. They would hardly
rank as respectable pig pens in America.
imagine q mud hut from six, eight 10
twelve feet square. Let 1t have walls so
low that you can reach up to the thatch-
ed roof without effort. Let it have no
windows and let the door be opening
two feet from the ground so small that
you have to stoop to get into it, The floor
OF the hut is the ground and YOU step
ever the nigh door sill to get in. Once IN
side there Is little more than room 20 turn
about, for often the farming utensils te-
longing TO the owner are kept there and
IL may be that in the hut the donkey tn.
chickens and the llamas also ouarter
mere Is little furniture. The peopIe sit
on the hoor and men, women and children
back themselves up against the wall AT
night, Keeping as close together as pos
sloie for warmth and sleep sitting In
one corner of the hut there Is a lt,Ie
heIrts, or clay stove. There is no chimney
10 the hut and the dense smoke finds its
way out as II can. No one thinks of using
IRE for warmth. Fuel is too expensive
Ior anything except cooking. The farni-
~ does not change its clothes at night
everyone sleeps in the clothes which he
wears during the day. The men and bows
wrap their ponchos about them and the
"omeII their blankets and all draw them
selves as closely as possible together that
no part of their bodies may remain un-
covered. The cooking is very simple, one
OF the favorite dishes@being challona stew
toes dried. mixed with it, ChaIlona Is
lerked mutton. The sheep having been
Killed. is split open, then laid out fat and
Irozen- Water is now sprinkled over II
ana II is frozen again. 1t is then hung IN
ana when dried 1t becomes so tough that
III VIII Keep for months. When used II ia
cut into bits and boiled a long time. The
ihdian considers it delicious.
The Great South American Chew.
Ihere Is one thing that is more important
TO the Bolivian Indian than his meals. This
Is mis- coca or his daily and hourly, and 1
might almost say his perpetual, chew. He
eats coca as horse eats hay. Indians en-
pioyed IN the mines each insist on q daily
| allowance OF five ounces of coca leaves in
addltion TO their wages, and many of the
farmers give coca to their men. Women
ana chiidren chew coca, and ii Is rarely
that you can find Indian without a big
lump Of II inside his cheek Coca is Indeed
one OF the chief products of Bolivia Mil
lions OF dollars worth of ii are produced
every year. and it is brought into La Paz
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09
ACHIEVED SUCCESS
Men in the Army and Navy Who
Have Got Rich
AFTER THEY LEFT TIE SERVICE
Though Some Have Entered While
Under Cloud.
SOME TY P1CAL CASES
SOME YPICAL Asses
Written for The Evening Star.

PERIOD OF SERv-
N ice in the navy or
irregular army devel-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09
In the Chinese Seryice.

III the Chinese Service.
Inc Chinese customs service has for
many years regarded its ex-American man
o-war's men as among its most valuable
employees. The chief inspector of the GUS
tom house al Canton is-or was two years
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1898-07-09

tnorOuSnIareS OF MarSellleS. and he has
beeen making money hand over fist ever
since. to the deep disgust of the French
proprietors of tables d'hote in Marseiles.
Successful Soldiers.
The sailors have not had all of the sue
cess in this line. Any number of Ameri-
can regular army soldiers have done well
in civil life after getting out of the army
either in the right way at the conclusion
of their enlistments or in the wrong way
by "bobtails,' or dishonorable discharges.
A few years ago cavalryman named
Black was "bob-tailed" from his troop
out at the Preside of San Francisco for
general wildness. The officers of his
troop hated to see him CO. for he was by
long odds the very best horseman in his
regiment, an utterly unbeatable and dar-
ing acrobat on his mount. Black didn't
to the Presidio's main gate by detail
of the guard, but he walked down to a
San Francisco riding academy and got a
job as instructor for $100 nontii in wages.
He taught the prettiest girls in San Fran
cisco how to ride horseback and some
of them became so interested in the young
ex-soldier that they got their papas to
unite and set him up with a riding acsd-
envy of his own Blacks riding academy
was one of the swell places of San Fran
cisco for some years, and then Black gave
1t up upon making d money marriage
He behaved himself like a little man from
tho day he left the army and arrived,
cavalry sergeant named Forsytiae sta
toned at Walla Walia long before the
boom in the state Of Washington, saved