Evening star., 1898-05-27

celved at this office there is considerable
diversity of opinion in regard 10 the mean
ing of certain military and naval terms in
common use A Star reporter spent sew
eral hours at the War and Navy Depart
ments today investigating several points in
dispute, and although the officials were
very busy with the preparations for the
war, managed to obtain considerable data.
Corresponding Rank.
The various grades in the army and navy.
given according to corresponding rank, are
as follows.
Army. Navy.
General. Admiral
Lieut. general. Vice admiral.
Major general Rear admiral.
Brigadier general. Commodore
Colonel. Captain.
Lieut.. colonel. Commander.
Major. Lieut.. commander.
Captain Lieutenant.
First lieutenant Lieut., Junior grade.
Second lieutenant Ensign.
The offices OF general and lieutenant gem
eIal and admiral and vice admiral no long
er exist, having gone out of existence with
the death or retirement of the incumbenIs
since the civil war Sheridan the
fourth and last general of the army, his
predecessors being Washington. Grant and
Sherman. The last officer to hold the rank
OF lieutenant general was General Schofieid,
now on the retired list. FarraglIt and Por-
ter were the only officers of the navy to
hold the rank of admiral. Stephen c. Row
an was the third and last vice admiral the
other two being Farragut and Torter Ma
1or General Miles, the senior major gen
erai now in the service. commands the
army Ihere Is no similar office in the
navy. The ranking officer of that branch
or the service is Rear Admiral W A KIRK
iahd, now IN comand of the Mare Island
navy yard. There are seven rear admirals
the Junior being Rear Admiral George Dew
ey the hero of Manila.
Relative Pay of the Two Branches.
The pay of army officers is higher than
that of naval officers. even when the lat
ter are at sea. Thus a general gets $1,000
a year; an admiral, 5000; a lieutenant
general, Sl1,pJO: vice admiral $1,000 a
major general gets 800; a rear admiral
sets $b.pO; brisadier general, $500: a
commodore, 5000: q colonel gets 81 $40;
naval captain the same; a lieutenant
colonel gets $4,000; a commando &, 800.
a major. Si.1D; a lieutenant commander
from $3.50 to 5000. a captain in the
army gets $3.50; a lieutenant in the navy
from S2,4t1 to S2.GN; a first lieutenant in
the army gets $1,000; a lieutenant Junior
grade. in the navy gets from 81 800 to
s-'"o; second lieutenant gets 81 40: an
ensign gets from S1.2D to sl4oo Even
the cadet al West Point gets $40 as
against 500 for the naval cadet at An
napols- ON shore the navy paw is cut
down by from one-sixteenth to one-ffth.
! iit 4ItS4Sll4d OF rank In the two services
are t.le same, with a difference. All the
naval officers wear foul anchors" on their
shoulder straps and collars: apart from the
ei-chor the badges are the same Thus a
coionel wears silver eagle on his straDs:
a naval captain wears the same betwaen
Two foul anchors, and so on all the way up
The marine officers. like their naval broth
erS. draw less pay than their army rela-
tives- Even when there was a bripadier
general OF marines he had less paw than
ms army friends of equal rank
rag rank in the navy is the rank of
rear admiral and commodore and applies
10 officers entitled to command n fleet a
squadron or naval station A captain
commands a ship of the first class. and
ieutenants ships of lower classes accord
ihS 10 their rating. Lieutenant command
ers and ieutenants also act as executive
ohcers TO captains on the larger ships
Division of an Army.
An army is divided and subdivfded into
corps, divisions. brigades regiments. bat
talions and companies. An army NAV be
composed of two or more corps. A corps
consists of three divisions. division con-
sists of three brigades. in addition TO which
there may be independent brigad. Of
cavalry and an independent brigade of ar
tnery. according to the necessities of the
case A brigade usually consists of three
regiments, although there are sometimes
more regiment consists of twelve COM
panles battalion consists of four COM
according to the arm of the service or the
Special organization to which it is at
tached.
As at present organized the army is
commanded by the ranking general Ma
General Miles. a corps is commanded bv
major general. a division. by ma ior
general or brigadier general, according
10 circumstances. a brigade is commanded
by brigadier general although II some
times happens that a colonel is placed in
command OF brigade. Regiments are
tCiiirhahded by colonies, and in case of
ihelr disability by a lieutenant colonel. bat
tains "' zap
General officers are all officers. line or
stan above the grade OF colonel Line or
regimental officers are all officers beIont,-
ing TO regiment. Staff officers are officers
OF the Inherent staff departments from
Drlsauler generals 10 second leutenants
ReSlmental staff officers are Guartermas-
ters- adJutants- surgeons and chaplains at
tached 10 a regiment Field officers are
eoiohels' lieutenant colonels and majors
IN the regular establishment under ex-
istinS law, the enlisted strength of a com
pany is as follows:
Infantry, 1o6; cavalry 100; artillery.
heavy. 40; artillery, light. 113, and en-
gineerS. 100
There is difference in the organization
OF the various branches o. the volunteer
army as al present constituted. In the
volunteer establishment a company of in
1antry consists of 80 privates maxfmuu
or - privates minimum: 1 captain 1 frst
lieutenant l second lieutenant i first ser
Seant. l quartermaster sergeant ser
geants l. eorporals. musicians, 1 artificer
and l WAGNER
Three branches of the ARMY
In regiment of infantry there are the
following additional officers: One colonel
one lieutenant colonel two ma jors. one ad-
1GtAnt, one qu&rtermaster, one surgeon
tive assistant surgeons one chaplain. one
sergeant major. one quartermaster ser
geant, one chief musician two principal
musicians and three hospital stewards
"A light battery of artillery consists of
one captain, one fist lieutenant two sec
obd heutcnants, one first sergeant, one
qGartermaSter sergeant, one veterinary
sergeant. six sergeants. fifteen corporals
TWO farriers, two artifcers one saddler
TWO musicians, one wagner, eighty-nine
prlVates. maximum, and eighty privates
minimum
a heavy battery of artillery consists of
one captain, one first lieutenant two sec
ond heutenants, one first sergeant twenty
TWO serseants, ten corporals. two must
cians, TWO artificers. one WAGNER los pri-
Yates. maximum; loo privates minimum