The Wichita daily eagle., 1898-01-04
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Amateur Photographic Points
IN THE DARK ROOM.

HS1OlS0ORO1S01O1O1S
IN THE DARK ROOM.
For those camera enthusiasts who de
sire during the winter months to take III
portraiture work the following hints
may prove helpful. and. if followed, ma,
avoid the loss Of plates and unsatisfac-
tory results:
l. The pose should be restful ard the
position can only be natural if the sit
ter is comfortable.
2. The expression should be natural
particular care being exercised in regard
to the eyes. which should follow the in
| clination of the face.
g. The lighting ought not to be gen.
eral but strong on some part OF the head
and modified in correct value everywhere
else.
4. The most natural arrangement of
the hands is secured by allowing them
70 be employed. In no case should they
be symmetrically disposed.
5. The great essential for portrait
! is character, and the public must be
| guided as far as possible into a prefer
! ence for character rather thar f1attery,
and for a natural appearance rather
! than the smooth ard-ball-like exam
! pies of retouching.
! 6. The lens should be focused on the
! face, and the rest of the body left more
diffuse, so that it may be subsidiary
10 the principal feature. For this reason
/ it is well to use the large stop.
Z To secure ease Of pose and express
sion, the setter should find in the studio
surroundings as much like those at home
as possible.
s. The photographer should be some
what artistically inclined in order that
ne can discern the most fitting and har-
monious general effect.
USEFUL DEVELOPING RECIPES.
Here is a good combined hydroquin-
one metol developer:
MetOl. l........ ........ 90 grs.
Hydroqulnone ...... oV SIs.
Sulphite OF Soda. ............ IL grs.
Soda carbonate ............ Srs.
Pitassium bromide ............. 16 grs.
Water .................. ........ oO1e oZs.
The metol must be thoroughly dis
solved before the soda carbonate is add
ed. The developer works quickly.
Dr.. Max Kortum strongly recommends
the use of sodium tribasic phosphate 10
replace the ordinary alkalies, and sug-
gests the following developer:
Water ............. =. 90. 400 parts
Sodium sulphite 4O parts
Hydropuinone ........ paris
Water. ............... ......... zVV parts
Sodium tribasic phosphate .... 30 parts
Mix in equal parts. He further states
that the action Of the salt IS due to the
absorption of carbonic acid from the
air, and its consequent dissertation from
sodium carbonate and phosphate.
TAKING A POSITIVE DIRECT.
To take positives direct in the camera
or copy a negative from negative,
either enlarged, reduced or reversed Mr..
Huillard proceeds as follows: He de-
velopes with a strong romo-hydrochin- |
one developer until the picture shows |
well on the glass side. Then he stops de- |
velopment by putting the plate into a |
solution Of citric acid q per cent?, and |
exposes the plate to daylight, ard all |
the following operations can be carried |
on in it. He washes now and immerses |
the plate in the following bichromate |
bath:
Bichromate of potassium. -. / part |
Pure nitric acid. 2-3 part. |
The developed picture will soon dis !
appear. The plate is washed again and |
put into a solution of dry sulphate Of |
soda. This causes the plate to become |
white even If it were ever so yellow be-
fore. After washing again it is develop
ed in the above hydrochinone developer
and immersed in the above citric acid
Fixing Is not necessary, but il
may be done and hardened in a fixing
bath containing alum. A good washing
now finishes the plate.
FOR DRYING NEGATIVES
1t is very often convenient to dry a
negative quickly as soon as II is wash
ed. The old way was TO drain as much
as possible off from the plate, and then
to place in methylated spirit for ten
ard then set in current OF air
to dry. This takes a little time A
quicker method is by means OF forna-
lin. which has the property OF rendering
gelatin absolutely insoluble; so If after
washing the plate be immersed in
per cent. solution of formalin for few
minutes and then drained, it may be
dried ir front of the fire. This method
s the only one applica bic to films, for
# they are placed in methylated spirit
The camphor is dissolved out OF the cell
uloid causing cockling and the destruc-
ion of the negative. The formalin also
lardens the surface, which will resist
and dispenses with varnish-
ng.
An optical device for the intensifca-
ion of Photographic pictures described
Dy Lord Rayleigh is described as fol-
ows: 1t is well known that by placing
| feeble transparency upon sheet OF
white paper the picture becomes clearly
-ivible. even though nothing can be seen
when the transparency is viewed by hold
ng il up 70 the light. Tnrhough the tran
parent parts the paper is seen with but
title loss Of 5rilliancy. while the opaque !
oa-ts act. as ii were, twice over
nee before the light reaches the paper,
mi once again after reflection on rs
way to the eye This is the principle Of
ord Rayleigh's method. Instead OF the
,sper a far, polished reflector is used.
he film side OF the negative beirg placed {
n close contact with it, On the other
ide OF the negative. and fairly close 70
I. is q condensing lens. which gives par !
llelis-n To the rays OF the candle used 7
$ a source OF illumination. The candle I
; IL, Il Of -