Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-07-07


and "thc riches uf Peru has become
n popular saying. what excited most
wonder was the abundance " gold ana
silver. The mines were worked after
tho Incna by the Spanlnfda. but after
Peru became Independent 1921. most o.
the mines were abandoned and nearly
lost owing TO the facilities Tor making
money from the runu0 and nitrate,
losing on the line ~ mineral producer
MANY scientific men have Travelled IN
Peru. hut only Do limited regions. ana
'ts vast wealth iH butt title known. This
best authorities on the rcFnurCcH ~
Peru nrc the nnturlilatH Raymond ana
Humboldt. who dedicated part or their
travels 10 the mineral kingdom. and
viii give n few extracts from their
works IN regard % u:
GEOLOGY. while the peaks Of the An
dcs rise TO height ~ more than 5000
feet. there o. no active volcano IN an
the territory. ccaHlunally varor w se"n
To- rise from Illimanl and two or three
cm.ts. but hcrc a. no eruption. tlllmani,
illpmpu. Mlst ana Nuuguy are nll *
ilnCt. but their iudeaCrihahlc beauty.
rising with Hllycry lurtcr In solemn ma
lcsty above the urnndcst of their An
dean uplghhOra. stills the bchuldcr 20
silent awe. The SNOW line OF Peru j
from 1900 60 1900 feet according 20
the latitude.
The formation of the Andes II due
to several cnuHuH operating nt distinct
Intervals ~ line. They consist 81 strait
ned material which has been morn ot
lerH altered. This material was dcpoH.
tied at tho bottom ~ the sea, 40 that
90 some former time tho highest purs
iiong worc submerged. probably In cons
sequence. 90 u certain cNtCnt, ~ the
HubHidcucc ~ the sea bottom. Since
thr latest dypnrltF thera have been up
hoavii and dcnudntlon. The range has
resulted from the accumulation u sodi.
meut ON the aubsldinE area. from the
.uharuu'nt upheavnl Of such deposits.
which have been Increased In height
by she election ~ volcanic products.
ara from TIE operation or dCnuding
agents. Az Gar az our present know
ledge goes. II appears probable that she
Andes mark an area on which Hcdi-
mvntnry deposits have becn nccumnlat-
/ I'd To "a greater cNtcnt than In other
portions OF South America. u " demon.
trnhlo that these dcpoHlfs belong to
several geological craH. the elevation
] having occurred at different periods.
/ while their axes extend In different
directions
The general disposition of the rocks
IN ns follows; The older. which are
] Tfc-Hllurlnn, POSSIBLY laurcntiuu, FORM
! tho outcrmost rim ~ tho continent. NJ
which the northeast and southeast
corners have probably been Hwcpt
away. These corners correspond
with the mouths ~ the Orinoco. the
Amazon. mud the Plata rivers. with
In this basin ana following close upon
these old rocks are schlsts and quartz
ties. which are In an probability 81
Hilurlan age. These enter largely In
90 the transverse ranges by which the
central hollow II divided into three
basins. within this again are sand
stones and llmcHtonoH, usually re-
fvrrcd 90 the curboulfcrouH period.
which also form part " the transverse
ridges. 4 band Of rocks ~ secondary
age follow. some NJ which are be-
Ie triasalc. while others arc
Identified ne crvtaccouH Tertiary
HtrataH, some ~ miocenc date. together
with poHt-tcrtinry atrataH. cover the
largest part ~ the areas OF the great
river basins and the holluwH ln the
mountain ranges, and also occur on
the npnwnrd hanks ~ the principal
chains. The hlgh ranges are granite.
nanked on either side by gunifH ami
uuartzlte. CarhonlforouH Htrntan. with
seams and pockets Of coal occur In
the coast range and the high plains
~ the sierra. In the desert ~ Alta
cana and Gar away 90 the north thorc
ia o. considerable development ~ req
sandstone. After their disposition, ana
| prior 90 that of tho mnrlH. sycnitic
Handrtones ana Rchlsts TO be converted
into porphyricf.
This eruption was accompanied by
and probably connected Win the FORM
| alton OF aurlfCrous veins. tho elevation
/ ~ the strata. ana th0 faultlnr OF mo
/ veins. The next period rCnresontod by
/ r'rlA IN characterized by aallferour
/ ana Eypseoua marls, which roHt un.
/ comfortably On the rocks beneath. ON
the WeHt Side ~ the continent the
| pumlco3us clnglomerlte 10 form Al
l from the tlrhytoa, when the uphonvtt
~ the principal chain Of the Andes or-
] CURED. This elevation did not mnttrl-
] any ohlnge the extent Of land wost
ot TIE Andes, except % add 10 "A a
Htrlp some 10 miles In width. Farther
,ast the change was great, since the
] llfFer portion OF the great cantr,i
chain then cmergcd. Tho sruntion n,
the trdchyics was accompanied by n
met imofphlHm distinct In character
] from lh"fe m earlier AGES. Tho r1sla
WY uDn subjected not only 10 hc.t
ana water hut also 20 acid vnp5rl.
! Mi',A Nn"nErd the foldspar Into SUI
lr,, ni Nlumlnh and Iron. salt into
/ Nnn!lrpua Hulphlte ~ soda, and. prnh.
hbly by freeing The chlorine and iodine
nflElnniod the chl1rldel and iodid's
Whleh are ho abundant In The arrentif'
/ ,rnua veins. Since the drift ther, H.
p p,s1 n sllsht elevation along a meridl.
As result OF these eeo,,gl.,,
| shshE.s u r1nsplros that Peru h. he
/ r.hest territory OF earth IN ia rni,,.-
/ a. y, posts The coast Il rich I'm Metro.
| ,ntun' siNer. gold, copper. coal s,il.
| pnur, salt' nitrate. limo tcnrbonnio ,ra
I ~ p'uinl, migngsn, alum and b,r,.
n' sierra undoubtedly The rcFion
| ot Er,at-st wealth IN minerals Ana
/ r'''ouA me'ala, Tor there nre fonnd
wv tne greatest Abundance 49,
or large range, EIlvsr ~
/ copper lead, cobalt .,iH o,l'
Hii,''lnony, coal, salt iroa. nickel. mnr,
I nl'; arsenic, sulphur, alum ia M
y lNun' In the Montana g,t1
/ lngs ana gold mining are ~" s m|sn,
t,,,9it,nr'h, ihcre also are found emeralds
tunl,H lnrquolHcs and dlnmongs ha
!SW,m with which the IncaS ad6rnnd
GOA IN found In every mar, % D.,
IN the maritime Andes. vbnrd Ky
Ip,ha are ot crystalline charo, ter
gold ls found In veins on auarty ,,',,i,
are lniruded into tho grnni,o "u' ,.h
/ h}ehlte' This nurlfer0us dtiarts
| t9lnlAWed by oxide % iron ma -, i,,,
when present very considerable vnrla'
IONS; ~ Is also often aocomnanied
py nther minerals, as carbonate ~ linz
90 ltlnlhhr structure, ana ilmontte ~,
T'Alnnus appearance, II IN ac,,,
lheh ulfcerned In copper minerals ana
w lhohe mixed with chalk enn,'a,
pAflteft malnchltc alararnit. a'll,t'