davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
LIQUID Fertilizers.

Every lover Of Towering plants in the
window garden knows the value of liquid
fertilizers in producing increased
growth of plant and profusion of bloom,
but few fruit and vegetable growers
seem to consider liquid excrements
worth special effort. In sections Of the
West some gardeners have method Of
handling liquid fertilizers somewhat af-
ter the irrigating systems. A large deep
hole is dug and filled with stable ma
nure and a ditch Of water turned on top
in the early spring. When it is desired
to use the liquid, small irrigating ditch
es are dug from the surface Of the pit
to the plants requiring the fertilizer, and
when the pit is filled to the surface with
water the liquid manure runs throug
these narrow channels to the plants.
Where the soil is more porous a large
barrel may be utilized, packing it full Of
the richest stable manure and covering
it with water. Have a faucet at the
lower end and when the liquid manure Is
wanted, draw it off in pals and carry 1t
to the plants, applying by pouring along
small bitches between the rows, or it
may be applied by sprayer, which will
distribute the liquid evenly. Any bad
odors will pass off in a few hours, and
fruit and vegetables are not injured If
the spray is applied to the plants near
the surface OF the ground.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Strawberry Beds.

One serious objection to the use Of
stable manure on strawberry beds Is
the quantity of weeds that generally re-
suits and that are difficult to keep in
subsection, especially on an old bed.
The early varieties of cow peas sOwn in
July between the rows of plants will
answer in place of the stable manure
and cost less. They will be especially
valuable on grounds that are to be set
to strawberry plants in the spring. The
COW peas will add humus to the soil
quickly and effectively. II there is suf-
ficient land to rotate crops, early pota
toes may be grown and the COW peas
sown after the crop Of potatoes is of.
This plan will put the soil in good tilth
for the strawberry plants when plowed
under In the spring, especially II the
ground was at all weedy.
The large quantities of small berries
brought into the markets each year
come mainly from lack Of culture Of the
plants after fruiting, rather than from
"run-out" plantations. Practically the
crop for next year Is made this season
after fruiting. All weeds should be
kept out Of the plantation by the con-
stant use Of the CultivatOr; if plants are
grown in hills or ridges, all runners not
needed for the extension of the planta-
tion should be kept cut off. II new beds
are to be set this fall, one runner from
each plant should be allowed to root,
and one only, for any additional not
only weakens the vitality Of the parent
plant but of each runner When the
narrow row system Is practiced, the
same rule of allowing but single run
ner from each plant to set should be
followed as closely as possible. Clean,
thorough culture after fruiting, cutting
runners, in the fall enriching the plan
tation and later covering the plants with
q mulch Of hay or straw will probably
insure liberal crop Of large berries
next year.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Life of Strawberry Beds.

Among the best and most successful
growers Of the strawberry not less than
two full crops are expected before re-
planting. That is, the plants are set in
the spring and not allowed to fruit the
following season, all runners being kept
off and thorough cultivation practiced
The following summer should bring a
good crop, although better one is usu-
ally had the second season. In some
locations, and especially on sandy soils
under good cultivation, even third full
crop may be had, but the soil must be
rich and full of life to produce this re-
suit Instances are on record Of good
crops for four tive and even six years
In succession, but these are exceptional
cases and may usually be traced TO the
fact that new plants have been set
among the old ones each year from uncut
runners in numbers exceeding the orig
inal plants. This would account for the
unusual seeming longevity Of the planta-
tion. AS a rule, however, IL three rea.
sonably large crops can be obtained 1t Is
all that are to be expected, and new plan
tations should be set every second or
third year to keep up the only system
OF cropping in which there is profit
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Fruit Thinning.

While no intelligent fruit grower ques-
tions the advantages OF thinning fruit,
comparatively few Of them practice It,
The lack OF thinning is more notice
able on the farm where there is a COM
bination of orchard fruit growing and
general farming. Many farmers spend
the time necessary to thin the fruit in
the corn field and lose double In the Or
Chard what they gain in the field. More
than one orchard, and this is especially
true of peach orchards, has been ruined
in q full crop season by splitting and
breaking limbs that might have been
saved. A much higher price might have
been obtained, too, for the fruit, had 1t
been thinned, to say nothing Of the
shock to the vitality Of the trees, from
which they will scarcely recover.
In an apple orchard the following re-
suits were carefully noted last year, In
all cases the fruit was more highly col
Ored on the thinned trees. The increase
in the market value Of the fruit owing
to thinning was fairly estimated at
about IL per cent. Thinning and pick
ing took about twice as much time as
the picking Of the unthinned fruit, but
against this was not only the gain In
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Speciality Farming. .

The one trouble with farmers who are
not inclined to think that mixed farm
ing pays, and who drift into speciality
farming, is that they fail to go about 1t
in the right way. Speciality farming
does not mean the growing OF a single
crop, nor yet the special growing Of a
half dozen or more crops on a small
scale, but rather the expenditure OF full
time, thought and money on several
crops in the same line. To make spe-
cialty farming profitable one must first
ascertain what the soil and himself are
best fitted for, and having determined
that, push the enterprise year after year
through good and bad seasons. If poul-
try keeping is decided on as the enter
prise producing the best results, work
all branches Of it, egg production and
raising broilers, roasters and capons,
but do not make the mistake of trying,
at the same time, to become breeder
of fancy stock.
If the farm seems best suited for rails
ing fruit and your inclinations are
strong in that direction, plan for success
sive crops, beginning with strawberries
and ending with late orchard fruits. me
same with grains and vegetables. Dali
rying and fruit-growing do not go well
together, neither do trucking and poui-
try raising. Go into speciality farming
on the plan the dry goods merchant
stocks his store. He has goods for all
seasons in his line, but he does not han
die -four and pork or hay and grain with
his dry goods. Speciality farming on the
lines indicated invariably pays a profit
one year with another.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
OIeOmargarine.

Dairymen will be interested in the
very recent decision Of the United States
Supreme court regarding the rights Of
oleo manufacturers. The main points
of the decision, as they affect dairymen,
are as follows:
State laws prohibiting coloring oleo to
resemble butter are valid, but State laws
forbidding oleo in it's pure uncolored
state to be brought in are not valid,
neither are State laws requiring oleo to
be colored any particular color. State
laws prohibiting the sale of oleo inside
of a State from one citizen to another
are valid provided the seller is not the
importer State laws prohibiting the
manufacture, sale or importation into a
State of oleo made in semblance Of but
ter are valid, and the smallest package
oleo can be originally put up in is ten
pounds; and no dealer is allowed to sell
a package of oleo in excess of ten
pounds unless he holds license as a
wholesaler.
It will be seen that while some OF the
most important Of the State laws re-
garding the manufacture and sale Of
oleo are upheld, others quite as impor-
tant have been declared invalid. Moth
ing remains for the dairymen but to
construct other laws and keep at it
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Faklrs at Fairs.

The custom of licensing fakirs and
gamblers at fairs is injurious and de-
mOralizing and should be stopped. The
management sometimes uses this means
for the purpose of raising money to
defray the expenses and the fakirs and
gamblers are willing to pay high IL
cense for they expect to get 1t back
many times over out Of the innocent
and unwary farmers who too often are
induced to risk their hard-earned money
on the other fellows game, and which
they are sure to lose every time when
they chance it on gambling device.
Some other means ought to be used to
raise the money for necessary expenses
and all gamblers and fakirs should be
vigorously excluded from all fairs. Boys
and young men from both country and
city should beware of every species of
gambling and detest and distrust it as
one Of their worst and most venomOus
enemies.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Hill or Level Culture for Potatoes ?

Practice Of late years is largely in fa-
Vor of level culture for the best results
in potato growing, although the so-called
trench system and hill system have ad-
heTents. In former years, on new rich
soil shallow plowing and planting ne
cessitated the hill system OF culture in
order to prevent the drying out Of the
tubers by the sun. AS farmers learned
the value of deep and thorough cultiVa-
tion, as well as the advantage Of run
ming the weeder or Cultlvator through
the rows before the plants broke through
the ground, 1t was no longer necessary
to throw UP mounds Of earth to protect
the tubers. Our best varieties may be
grown to maturity in from ten to twelve
weeks instead of four to six months,
as with most of the popular varieties
twenty years ago. If farmers will keep
scab from seed potatoes, plant them in
deep soil and keep them under good cul'
tivatiOn on the level system, there Is no
reason why paying crops cannot be gem
orally raised
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Crimson or scarlet Glover.

The accompanying sketch gives an
idea of the form of growth of this val
liable legume. Much has been written
concerning the value of this plant in
adding needed nitrogen to the soil, and
yet 1t is safe to say that not more than
one farmer in a dozen has been con-
vinced There is scarcely farm where
clover will grow but what would be i'm
mensely benefited by crop sown this
summer or fall and plowed under in
the spring. 1t is estimated by reliable
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
Young Clover.

Just after the wheat harvest the
young clover plants which up to that
time have been protected by the wheat
are apt to suffer from the sun unless the
stubble is left high. After the clover
plant hardens it should be clipped,
which will force out branching growth
near the ground, affording, with the
wheat stubble, protection against
drought. The clipping should be done
with a sharp sickle or grass hook and
may be accomplished at small expense.
The first clipping should be done about
a month after the wheat Is harvested,
and If the ground is weedy or the
drought prolonged a second clipping
may be made early in September Close
attention must be paid to weeds. None
should be allowed to go to seed to ruin
the crop Of clover.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03

handy man will readily see from the cut
how the tool is made. The handles may
be after the style Of plow handles, or a
single handle may be used with cross
bar at the end to permit the use Of both
hands. The blade should be made to
run the width of the rows between vege-
tables and as close to the plants as is
possible without injury. Great care must
be taken that the blade is made of thin
steel and kept sharp at all times.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03

authorities that good crop of clover
thus turned under is equivalent in value
to the soil Of twenty tons Of barnyard
manure per acre, and it has been thor
oughly demonstrated that clover adds
misny per cent in moisture, humus and
nitrogen to a soil, while it's productive
ness is increased many per cent. The
seed may be sOwn among corn IL de-
sired, at the time of the last working or
after harvest. Sown in July or early in
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03

August 1t is hardy as far north as Mich
igan. In the South it may be sown as
late as October Broadcasted, fifteen
pounds of seed to the acre should be
sOWn.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
From Actual Experience.

market price, but the ease with which a
market was found for the superior prod
uct. II the reader doubts the value Of
orchard fruit thinning he has but to Sc
lect any two trees of the same variety,
thin one and not the other, and be con-
VinCed.
The Advocate and news., 1898-08-03
A Valuable Wheel Hoe.

This illustration shows handy little
implement for home garden use which
may be easily made. Two small broad
tired wheels or solid wooden wheels
without tires would do admirably, with
q handle to which is fastened a blade
made of thin steel and kept sharp A
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15
.uORE NEU LAWS.
Governor Tyler Attaches His Signature to
"A Number Of Bills.

"a Number OF Bills.
Governor Tyler has signed the follow
ing additional bills. which have passed
both houses:
To amend and re-enact am act entitled
an act I'm relation TO fraudulent CONVEX
sion Of property held under trust deed,
approved May 23 1871. and 20 make tie
fraudulent disposal OF amy property by
any person who has agreed In writing
that the title or ownership Of the same
shall be or remain IN another without
the written consent OF such other, lar
ceny.
To amend and re-enact section &23 OF
chapter 80 OF the Code Of Virginia. as
amended by an act approved January y
1895. i'm rell.ion 20 interest.
To authorize the County Court OF Nor
folk county to accept Florida avenue. IN
Port Norfolk. or so much thereof as II
may see nj as public road
upon the condition that no per
son or corporation shall be permitted
10 Law construct or operate any electric
or other railway upon and along said
public road.
To amend and re-enact section 1862 or
the Code Of Virginia in reference 70 what
causes and otions may be tried at a
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15

Mr Charles r.. band. or Portsmouth.
introduced bin exempting newspapers
from paying a license. II reads as fol-
lows:
A OH 10 exempt those engaged in the
publication OF newspapers. from being
required 10 obtained license for the priv
uese or right OF printing or publishing
the same in the cities. towns and c0un-
ties in this state.
.. BE it enacted by the General IS
semDiy OF virginia that the Councils OF
any incorporated city or town or Board
or SUPERVISORS of any county I'm this
state snail not require "a license 10 be
obtained, tor the privilege or right OF
printing or publishing any newspaper 10
sand cities. towns and counties. But this
act shall 20 no manner Doe construed so
as 20 exempt those so engaged I'm the
publication of newspapers. from the pay
ment of tax upon the plant machinery.
capital or other property so used in such
business. or upon the income derived
therefrom.
.. All acts or parts OF acts inconsistent
with this act are hereby repealed.
3. This act shall De in force from its
passage.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15
Conrts Of Lnstice.

The House Committee on Courts of Jus
ilce met yesterday morning boo room 40.
. on the upper floor Of the Capitol and
considered Il number OF bills. 10 was de-
cided 10 report favorabiy the following
measures
A bin 10 amend the Code in relation 20
how q chauccry cause submitted for de-
clsion I'm vacation. how the decree certi-
fed and entered. and It's effect intro
duced by Mr. Mann. Of Nottoway
A bin TO amend the Code in reference
TO judgments and DEGREES I'm vacation;
introduced by MI Mann of Nottoway.
A bin 10 amend the Code In reference
10 the time from which a Judgment is 10
Doe n lien on AN the real estate of debtor;
introduced by Alr. Mann, Of Holloway.
\ bill 20 amend the Code in reference
TO the docketing of judgments. introduce
ed boy Mr. Mann. of NottoWay.
4 bin 10 empower any judge or justice
Of the Commonwealth before whom a
minor under sixteen years Of age is con-
victed OF "a misdemeanor 10 substitute
stripes i'm lien of fine and imprisonment
or Of either with the consent of the par
emit or guardian OF such minor The pun
ishment iu that instance is 20 consist OF
from five 60 twenty stripes introduced
by Mr. Winston. Of Hanover.
4 bin TO amend the Code IN relation TO
c0ntempts. introduced by Mr.. Saunders,
Of Franklin.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15

4 SIander Suit settled-The Court Re
Suincs Work.

y
sumcs Work.
The suit instituted I'm the Henrico Cir
cult Court by \. Randolph Throckmorton
against Catherine Augusta Garfield for
81 900 FOR alleged SANDER has been dis
missed The trouble was amically set
tied.
The case of George Johnson. the negro
nurse who is charged with poisoning the
baby OF Mrs Martha Goldsmith Will
come up for trial before Squire r. T..
Lewis. al the llenrico County Court
next Monday morning az I'D o'clock.
The February term of the HenrcO
County Court was commenced Yesterday
4 number OF cases were called and fixed
for ,rial 80 cases were tried.
The grand jury brought in several In
dictments OF cases Of little public inter
est The most important OF these was
the case OF Conductor Bossieux charged
with shooting a negro. an account Of
which was published in The Times.
Other true bills for felonies were re-
turned against Henry Woodson and
Frank Mason both colored.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15
HOUSE or DELEGATES.
The Body Holds Two Sessions and Passes
Numerous Bills.

There was no prayer al the opening OF
the session of the House Of Delegates.
but Speaker Pyan pr sided as usual
Captain Parks Of Page. offered re-
solution providing for afternoon sessions
this week. except on Saturday The
Chair Is to be vacated az 2'2O = NJ and
TO be resumed az o'clock. Yesterday
afternoons session was TO be devoted TO
the consideration OF bills to with no OBJ
lection would be raised.
Mr.. Winbornc. OF Rockbridge. stated
that House bill No. ISL, providing for a
reduction of the salaries OF the clerks
OF the Senate and OF ths House of Dele
gates had failed 70 pass the House for
the lack of constitutional vote and
that some action was necessary 10 avoid
that tho salaries remain as fixed at pres
emit lie therefore offered another bill,
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15
No Action Yet.

The Prison Association has so far taken
no action regarding the report OF the
committee on investigation OF Laurel Re
formatory.
Major stiles is at present out OF the
city. and IL will not be until Tonight
after the regular monthly meeting OF the
board that the question OF what action
should be taken will be settled.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15
FIGHT IN TENTH DISTRICT.
Mr.. Yost, it is Said, Has Decided Not 10
Run Democratic Candidates.


IL Is learned here upon excellent author
lily that Congressman Jacob Yost, OF the
Tenth District. viii not stand for re-
election next fall The Republicans OF his
district are badly split up into factions
and Mr. 5. Brown Allen. the newly
appointed Marshal is an ayowed political
enemy Of Mr.. Yost The Congressman
is said 10 realize the fact that with a
faction IN his own party opposing him
he could not hope 10 win.
There will be a lively contest In the
Tenth District for the democratic nom
ination. The candidates already in the
field are Senator IL. d. Flood. Of Apo
mattox. Mr.. frank Z. Glasgow and Col.
r. H. Barclay. OF Lexington. and ex-
Judge j. NJ. Quarles. OF Augusta. Mr.
Glasgow and Judge Qarales were both In
Richmond yesterday.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15

Mr.. John Young. who was reported
missing from his home In Fulton. has
returned. He said he had only been away
on a short business trip.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15
,reclsI term Of a Circuit Court and who

sreclar term OF Circuit Court and who
may hold II.
To protect game in the county Of Neck
lenburg
To authorize the board OF district school
trustees OF the magisterlal districts OF
Atlantic. Metompkin and Tho Islands. OF
Accomac county, TO borrow certain por-
lions of Sandford's charity fund.
To incorporate the Peert-Nields ana
Mccormick Company.
To amend and re-enact an act entitled
an act to amend and re-enact the first
subdivision of section 8. chapter ]. OF an
act entitled an act 10 provide for the
assessment of taxes on persons, pro-
pertv and incomes, and on licenses 10
transact business and imposing taxes
thereon for the support OF the govern
ment and public free schools and 10 pay
the interest on the public debt ana pro-
viding the mode OF obtaining licenses 10
sell wine. ardent spirits. malt liquors or
any mixture thereof In cases Wnere =
court certificate is required approved
March q. 1880. so as TO provide for the list
ing OF bonds. notes. stocks and other evil
dences Of debt subject to taxation, APP
proved January D. ls9N.
To Incorporate the Radford southern
Pqilroad and Mining Company.
To amend and re-enact section or an
act approvcd March ,. 1891. entitled an act
10 amend and re-enact an act approved
March 30. 1895. entitled am act 70 incor-
porate the town Of Falls Church IN the
county OF Fairfax.
Providing for the working and keeping
in order building and maintaining inc
putlic roads and bridges IN the counties
Of scott and Lee. the ope'ing and estao-
lishment OF new roads and TO provide the
funds therefor
To incornorate the Norfolk Trust and
Safe Deposit Company Of Norfolk. va.
To amend and re-enact the third section
of an act entitled an act 10 incorporate
the Norfolk. Wiloughby Spit and old
Point Railroad Company. approved Jam
uary IS. 1896.
To allow the freehold voters of
Charlemont district On Bedford county 20
vote on fence law.
To authorize the Board Of Supervisors
10 borrow money and issue bonds 10 re-
build Gloucester Point wharf.
To amend and rc-enact section . of an
act entitled an act To- incorporate the
town of Rappahannock I'm tho county or
Tauouier and to change the name thereof
% Remington approved March 3 1890
70 amend and rc-enact an act emitted
an act 10 amend and re-enact section 1919
OF chapter 1913 OF the code of Virginia IN
relation 10 the appointment or commits
sioners I'm chancery.
The following bills became laws az
midnight without the Governor sigma
ture az the expiration of the five days
prescribed by law. during which they
were in the hands of the Chief EXecu-
tive:
To prohibit hogs from running az large
in the county of Warren.
To amend and re-enact section Of
am act entitled an act 20 provide a char
ter for the town of Onancock In the
county OF Accomac, approved February
T. 1850
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1898-02-15
MUNYON'S

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The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1898-04-05
a HANDSOME

Level lot for Sale in Elmwood,
next to corner of Elmwood av-
enue; street curbed, graded and
severed; all assessments paid
size, 5oxIoo.
T.. A. PERKINS,
Io7 Westminster St.