The sun., 1898-12-04

though simple device, with peculiar adaptations to
It's purpose, the machine being constructed Ne to
enable II TO be placed At the gn the cotton passing
from that to the machine. the bale being therefore,
compressed at the initial point Of shipment and the
cost Of hauling uncompressed cotton II thus avoided
Tho machine consists OF cylinder which has sta
tionAry head in which head eight slots the cyl
inder revolves. and tho cotton Ia drawn through
these slots, being gradually forced out at the
bottom Of tho cylinder, where II Ia held In place
by simple device. on tho bale reaching itA
proper dimensions II 10 cut or ard wired. the ma
chine all the while continuing itH operations and
second bale being formed without stopping the whole
construction aud operation being of simple
character as to admit Of being by ordinary plan
tation hands. Tho bale s about thirty inches long,
eighteen and one-half inches In diameter. and with
density Of foryhree pounds to the cubic foot. the
latter being notable feature in this Arrangement.
The relative merits Of chlorinAtion and cyanide in
the treatment OF gold ores still much discussed
in the Journals devoted to that interest and while
It is conceded that each has its peculiar ad
vantages and disadvantages IL is also admitted that
neither is adapted to tho treatment of all kinds of
ore. The barrel chlorination plant s simple and OF
moderate cost and. for not obtaining large per-
centAges of silver or copper, or not having lime
ganVue, s considered an almost ideal process; the
precipitaed gold 10 clean, free from other metals
and requires little after manipulation regular yields
Of % per cent. OF the assay value of the
treated being not unusual. The disadvantages.
however, are quite definite, viz. the need Of the
to have thorough dead roasting before 1t can be
treated economically, and that any silver contained
In the ore must be lost be recovered by sub
sequent operation. The cyanide process can be
worked with fairly successful results some un.
roasted ores, and on somo that much moro COM
plex than those adapted to chlornaton; but tho
gold extraction rarely reaches s5 per cont Of tho
yalIe nd cf ,,roc n
resort to special appliances.
That great deal has yet TO be done In the improve
ment of the action OF gas engines declared with
emphasis at late meeting of the North British As
ISOLATION of Gas Managers. this change being espe
cially desirable in the cycle. In paper on this
subject by Mr.. W. c. PEBBLES. well-known expert,
the opinion expressed that at present certainly
with the smaller sizes the successful competition of
the gas engine with the steam engine is chiefly due
to the convenience and economy with which the
gas engine be operated. especially for
intermittent work. Thus. with engines above
forty or nifty horse power. using producer
gas. the cost of cooking, compared with steam.
being very greatly in favor Of the engineas has
been proved time after time-it will be found there
fore. Mr.. PEBBLES asserts that the large engines
will not stop at four or ve hundred horse power but
increase gradually by until they compete in
power with the largest steam engines that are made
There can be doubt. according to the conclusion
arrived at by Mr. PEBBLES that circumstances point
to the fact that. in the future the gas engine
will rank as one Of the chief sources of power.
Some recent explorations made by tho Russian
scientist Andrussow. have established various
notable facts. but perhaps none more remarkable
than that the Black Sea- which in some parts has a
depth Of more than sixty-fve hundred feet is pos
oned by sulphuretted hydrogen wherever the water
is deeper than twelve hundred feet thus accounting
organic life below that depth. excepting perhap s
some bacteria of very low order, .mpregnated with
/ sulphur. The for this peculiar condition of
things explained by the quick outflow of the fresh
water emptied into that by the rivers through
the Bosporus. while salt water coming from the
Mediterranean enters through a deeper current
into the depths Of the Black Sea- this being the
case. the waters the surface arc, consequently.
controlled absolutely by horizontal currents Of
siderable force while vertical currents which might
carry the noXous gases from the bottom to the
face and fresh oxygen from the surface TO the bot
tom hardly noticeable. 1t is further
tanned that the water at great depth is satu
rated with sulphuric account of the constant
dsintegration Of organic matter sinking to the bot
tom by reason of its weight that description of
fish other living being. which requires oxygen for
Its organic system. can exist beyond stated depth.
translation from the Paris Anuales Forestsres in
1
liarly valuable process for imparting the lustre of
metal to ordinary wood without injuring its natural
qualities. For this purpose. the wood is laid, ac-
cordng to its weight, for three or four days in
caustc alkaline solution such calcined Soda at
temperature of seventyave to ninety degrees Celsus
then it is at once placed in bath of calcium hydro
| sulphite, TO which. after twenty-four to thrty.sx
hours saturated solution of sulphur in caustic pot
ash Is added in this mixture the wood being allowed
to remain for forty eight hours at thirtyye to fifty
degrees CELSIUS. When the wood thus prepared. and
after having been dried at a moderate temperature
is polished by means of smoothing iron. the sur
face most attractive metallic lustre, the
effect of the gloss being rendered additionally pleas
ing by rubbing the wood with piece OF lead. zinc
or tin. 1t is subsequently polished with burnisheI
of glass porcelain IL desired the wood in this way
actually gaining the brlliancy OF metallic mirror
so that OF course handsome effects in WOODWARD can
| thus be obtained.
The scientific papers continue to descant upon the
wonderful possibilities of liquefed ar-that marvel
lous product. obtainabe. as is well known. by the
use Of powerful compression pumps which pound
the air down to nearly ono thousand times smaller
than its normal state in this compressed condition
| the heat being immense. This compact power It 1.
assumed. could be used to run large factory, tho
exhaust being suficent. in such to freeze 200
pound blocks of ice fast as they could be taker
away and stored for use. while the developed hea
| IN tno process OF compression Woull generate
| yapor of water sufficient TO furnish pure dis
! titled water enough to make the blocks o.
ice Of pure crystal. Plans and specihca
| tions. II is reported. are now being made b.
those interested In the construction Of rcfrratinI
| apparatus and methods of cooling and preserving
for the building of machines to be placed on tn
Merrimac River. to run with water power, it beinI
expected that the plant will turn out fifteen hun
dred gallons OF the liquid air every ten hours whel
ready for use. While this element could be used Il
old structures of the present method 1t would no
be economy 80 to apply tit must be under control
and thus its power conserved.
Aluminium bronze, which is likely to corne NOR
and more into use, Is an alloy composed in German
OF 90 to a5 per cent. of aluminium and to 10 pc
cent OF copper. OF golden color. which keeps well II
the air without soon becoming duh and changin
the color. It can be cast excellently. be hle
we'll and turned. possesses an extraordinary hard
ness and frmness. attains a high degree Of polish
and is malleable and forgeable. The technical wori
ing of the material is not essentially different iron
that Of iron-in fact. tho metal is. especially in