davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08
rnormunED FROM PAGE IL

YOU are having some fresh cows. or
next spring if you do not have time
now. Get your father to give you a
mig. two piss or three, If he Will, and
promise that you are to have the money
when they are sold. Gat him to give
YOU a calf too, ityou can. hyoucant,
persuade him to allow you to use one
of bus for sake of an experiment.. Dr.
vide the amount of milk you give TO
one calf your father is feeding between
this other calf and two or three. pigs.
Give the experimental calf corn meaI
until it is two months old, and shelled
corn after wards, and give the test calf
which you compare with 1t, the same
amount. Give the pigs the milk that
the experimental calf does not get and
balance the feed up with r Have
some test pigs with which to compare
your own and give them the same
amount OF corn that you give the ex
perimental pig, and then write to me
next fall how many pounds Of calf and
of pig you have made with the same
amount of milk and corn by dividing
it up in this way-giving the calf less
milk and the pigs more I suspect that
your father will open his eyes pretty
wide when he sees the report OF the
scales.
The theory that 1 wish you to dem
onstrato is this, that neither all corn for
the pig nor all skim milk for the calf
is q balanced ration, that the calf needs
the corn to balance the skim milk and
that the pig needs the skim milk to
balance the corn, and, further, that
your father gives his calves too much
ekim milk for their own good, that is,
If his COWS are good for anything. He
forgets that nature furnished the COW
In her wild STATE with about enough
milk 60 grow the calf, that in our eager
ness for better results we have greatly
increased her milk giving power until
she can furnish skim milk enough for
two calves, that in u eagerness for
butter we have taken away the cream
and gotten the poor little Calls diet out
Of balance and we must balance this
up with corn in order to carry out ma
lures intention. In our greed to make
pork fast we have been feeding our
pigs too much corn, making them
short, chuffg things, wheezy and deli
cate al a millionaire's baby, and more
so, and we must give them some milk
to s~traighten them out.
Next week 1 will give YOU a little
theory to work out for yourself when
you are feeding pigs.-Uncle Henry,
in Wallaca's Farmer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08
INSECTS, WORMS AND FUNGUS
DISEASES.

Much may be done at this time o. the
year and for the next two months,
says the October Southern Planter, In
reducing the risk Of damage to crops
next year by insects, worms and fun
gous diseases. Il every farmer would
make it a rule wherever il Try has
been done to crops to carefully gather
up and burn all trash from fence cor
ners and fence rows as scon as crops
have been harvested, thousands of
these pests OF their eggs, larvae and
spores, would be destroyed. Wher-
eve chinch bugs have been prevalent,
not only the trash from the field cor
ners and fence rows should be burnt,
but all grass, stu5nle and corn 8 alks
not cut up and put into the siIo or the
barn should also be burnt. and in
tested with cut worms should be
plowed and dressed with kainit. This
potash salt is very destructive to these
and several other kinds OF worms, and
is At the sam3 time valuable al a fer.
tiLz3r. II may be applied at this time
OF the year without fear Of being
leached out of the land before the next
crop can be benefited by it. Apply
300 to 800 pounds to the acre. Where
orchards DE- vineyards have been in
tested with blight or fungoid diseases
like rot, all leaves and prunings should
be burnt as soon as possible. Pull eff
ard bum all the cedar apples he large
yellow balls frequently found on Gee or
Urees) They are the means of spread
rnx a fuUgoid disease very injurious IN
ne OrCnhId
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08
HORTICULTURE
RAISE MORE OkIONS.

Eat onions in May and doctors will
all the year play" is an old adage, but
why can't many people obey it9 For
the very re aso that they can't get the
onions. Onions have always been a
remarkably high priced vegetable and
promise to stay so. For they are
notwithstanding the blood, making
muscle and giving health and vim to
mans energy.
So, fellow farmer, I say raise more
onions. Put out an acre or half acre
for experiment you might say-HuE I
say you need not experiment, for it
your soil is mellow enough to produce
corn, wheat, etc, then it will produce
about 800 bushels of onions to the acre,
that will bring you from one to two
d pillars per bushel. The implements
won't cost more than $50, and say
about $50 will pay for your labor on
them.
DON'T tell me onions don't pay l
have tried it and know what l an
talking about. If you WISH you Can
make arrangements with some buyers
for your crop at a certain price before
you raise it, and so be always sure of
good money."-Dr. Paddy Ksnty,
R2ckport, lad in Epitomist.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08

I trustees inaugurate a movement very
soon looking to relieving the college
from connection with the American
Tobacco Company, and let Old Trinity
share more largely the benefits Of the
! endowment fund, and change the
spirit and policy that have dominated
it for the past two years, our preachers
will be slow to pledge themselves to its
continued support. Many believe thet
it's past policy has injared our church
before the public, put as in a false atri'
tude to the State and ner schools, and
wn the seeds of dlscord among US
that will disturb the peace Of the
chuch for years to come
In the same issue epe liking of Dr.
Kl'go's bitter attack on Rev. T J. Cat
tbs, it says:
Some of cur leading men condemn
it in strong language and ez press sur
prise that such d thing should have
been allowed ia his absence and then
published to the world without note or
comment.
Mr. Gattis has for SO years served
his church as a faithful minister, and
has borne an irreproachable character
in his Conference and before the pub
lie. He testified to what he believed
TO be the truth, IL the interest of jus
tice. As g man aud a minister he has
rights that should b3 Recognized and
projected. HIS cause ia Gue cause of
every preacher. L it Is right to 0
denim MIN for doing what was urged
upon bin as a duty, 1t IS proper to
assail any minister who tells what he
believes TO be true in any civil or
ecclesiastical court"
And from some o. the letters in the
Advocate we make these extrasCs:
Thank Cox, tie light has at last
been turned on, and now we see where
we are. May we be led by his Spirit
to do just the right thing. l for enc,
much as I love Trinity College and
much as l owe to her. will never sub
NIT quietly to her holding stock in a
company whose business is oebauchipg
the bodies and mines OF boys and
young men as the cigarette trust is
dong. LIT us stand for the right
though we be Sd poor hat men will
disown US and cast our names out as
evil. God wilt own and honor those
are faithful In these dark days.
IL Trinity wash her hands-now
henceforth and forever of every penny
OF American Tobacco Company Stock
j. R Moore, Asheville, N O."
snow, what are we to do9 As stock
the 800, 900 IN the American T bacco
Company, we cannot oppose the mani
fac.ure, use, and sale of the cigarette
hence we must either, as a Conference,
resciGd that resolution, or withdraw
from the College. This we must dc to
be consistent j A. Reagan
We have never known what the
Methodist Church would DO as to the
fight against State aid. That is not
our Fl 5ht. Bu5 we did believe-earneet
Iy btIleve That she cid not endor g and
would not have any connection with a
soulless trust. Time will show that
sc are right.
Unless all signs fail, Thrifty Colleg e
will Dol again present it elf unspotted
from the world.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08
A Patent ~Infringed.

OF rfcnat years the custom n
hornirg catEle has been a general "t'
tIc7, and nu devIces have tb1SC,
presents and claimed the recogni H5ea
of cattle men for that purpose. 9mI"looll
the original inventions Of g rrnc'iouE
nature Is Jhat of the Key sion D G,Ca
ing Clipper, patented and u.apT}na
tuIed ~ A. Q. Brosius, of Coc6r"S-
vile, Pa, 'aa'
Mr. BrosiUs already has been oo..
PEELED to proceed against and cIose ~
four d f5rent establishments thet ~
infringing on his patent. He r0U S.s
a clear case pending in the Feds
Court OF Michigan, and We have ori
dence that ne is bringing suit sgaIna,
parties III Illinois that seem 10 h nn[s
reaching He is the originator aD3
patentee Of che " " shaped blade neo3
Ia the KY stone. Tae advanCepoa ~
this b.ade have been so plaiDlv rIc,"
njz d by Others manufacturing cl;SS,
pers that they are very deslr0rs y,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08
THE NATIONAL FARMERS ALLy
ANCE AND INDUSTRIAL
UNION,

President-W. A. Gardner, Andrews
Settlement. Va.
Vice PresiGent-P, h. Rahilley, Lake
City, Mimi.
Secretary Treasurer-W. P. Bricker,
Cogan Station. Pa.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08
Beware Of Ointments for Catarrh that
contain Mercury,

as mercury will surely destroy the sense Of
smell and completely derange the whole system
when entering it through the mucous surfaces.
Such articles should never be used except ON
prescriptions from reputable physicians, as the
damaget they win do is ten fold to the good yOu
can possibly derive from them. Halls Catarrh
Cure, manufactured by F. j. Cheney & Co..
Toledo, O., contains no mercury, and is taken
internally, acting directly upon the blood and
mucous surfaces Ofthe system. In buying Hall's
Catarrh Cure be sure you get the genuine. It is
taken internally and is made in Toledo, Ohio,
by F. j. Cheney & Co. Testimonials free.
IS Sold by Druggists price Csc. per bottle,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08

w. a. AnQr0W 8
Settlement. Va.
Vice Preaident-P, b. Rahilley, Lake
City, Mimi.
C0gan Station, Pa.
LECTURERS
J. P. Sossamon, Charlotte, N. Q.
J. G. Hanley, st. Paul, MINI.
NATIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
w. A. Gardner, Chairman, Andrews
Settlement, Pa; A. b. WEIGH, Sec'y,
Victor, N Y; John Brti nig, juno.
tion, W. Va. j. G. Wilborn, Old
Point, s. c.; @. A. Barlow, San Luis
ODispo, Cal.
NORTH CAROLINA FARMERS STATE ALL
ANCB.
President-John Graham, Warren
ton. n. q.
Vicc-President-D. G. Bryan. Jones,
borO, N. =.
Secretary ressurer-J.T B. Hoover,
HilIsbaro. n. c.
State BueiDess Agent-T. B. Parker,
dlIlsboro, N. O.
Leoturer-Dr. Y. N. seawell, Villa
sow, N. Q.
Assistant Locturer-W. q. Davis,
w y ~
ChGplain-W, s. Mercer, Moyock,
v @.
Door-keeper-Geo. T. Lane, Green's
boro, N. @.
assistant D cor keeper-Jaa. z. Lyon,
D IMAM, n. G.
s~ergeant,et Arms-D. W. Watson,
Nav wood, N. =.
Trustee Business Agency Fund-W.
a. |zrahan. Machpelah, =. =.
Ste "erd-A. J, Moye, Farnville,
N y.
EXECUTIVE COHMITrEE OF H NORTB
CAROLINA FARMERS gTATR ALLIANCE.
J. w. Denmark, Chairman, Raleigh,
n. O.
John Graham, W~erreDton, N. @.
w. B. Fleming, RldPew8v. N, @.
Q. @ Mcclellan, G. d~in. N Q.
DIR. J. E Person, Plke7ille. n. @.
Thomas J. Oldham, Teer, N. Q.
STATE ALLIANCE JUDICIARY COMMITTLE.
DIR. J. e Person, Pikeville, N. Q.
W. 8. Barnes, Raleigh, N. @.
T. Ivey, Gary, N. O.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1898-11-08

eVadng the Date1t and adopting it.. Ene obJ c1on la BEEN 20 the ordraT
clipper thai it woud crush the hOrnsr rather cut them smoothly as 6o5
the Keystone ~ shaped blades from four slde7; with equal pressure on EACH
Our object in ilustrat ing this article is to SHOW thu design of the keystone and
to caution u readers aga nt purchasing a dehorner that intringeo upon tbs
machine. M Brosus pa et is very firmly protected particularly N ths
"" shaped BLADE and be intends to prosecute any who use Infringement
It 10 knewn that the man who buys a machine that is q infringement is nat
as liable to prosecution as is the manufacturer. If you lack further evidsac
along this line. write to Mr. Brosius at his address as given above
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
Cuurt FrUCl aInati0n,

WHEREAS the Hon. Harold NJ. Mcclure
w President Judge 0i tho judicial District,
composed Of the counties OF Snyder, and
Union and IL. Q. Sampsel and Z. T. Gem.
berling Esqs., Associate Judges In and for Sny.
der county. have issued their precept, bearing
date the Sth day OF Apr AID, 1898, to me
directed for the holding oian Orphans Court, a
court Of Common Pleas, court OF Oyer and Ter.
miner and General Court of Quarter Sessions OF
the Peace, st Middleburgh, ior the county OF
snyder. on the LIST Monday, (being tho 9Th
day Of June 1881, and to continue ono week.
er,J res Of the Peace and Uonstables in and
'ty Of Snyder, TO appear In their
N with their rolls. records, inQuisi.
nations and other remembrances
shings which of their Offices and In
psrtain to be done and Witnesseg
prosecuting In behalf Of the Com
.th against any person or persons are re.
y ID TO be then and there attending and dc.
hfing without leave at their peril. Justices
are requested TO be punctual In their attendance
at the appointed time agYeeably TO notice.
Given under ny band and sea ct the SheriTs
once IN Middieturgh, the 9th day Of May
AID one thousand etght hundred and ninety
eiSht. IS. RITTER, sheriff.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
Our Clubbing List.

In order to give all a chance to
get other papers cheap we have
made arrangements with a number
of papers to combine them with the
Posi- at special rates. The regular
rate PEI year for the PosT is $3.50
but during our special offer we will
accept $l.OO per year in advance.
Then if any want other papers that
we name below we give them the
advantage of special rates. The
first column names the publishers
price, the second the amount which
added to Sl.OO will pay for the
"PosT' and the publication named.
The list is as follows.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26

49, wooA wueiae b - easlea,
vIiae thsss Hna . day y ~ hon -
~ q businn-tkss - past d ~
IN soullns d Edwin r TSfpA Pc
s.akak q MiddlelIsad CenAs, nv. H
i ~ 81 ssvsnislA tissAlay.
Neasiy HAy ysan . tlAepmoAt 0hty-
IS Veass Juiaics d ths noake, 0sos yspo
iuvaslask, thsa pau1nas1s 6ssey-A ysaA
a kiank a thestsWu = eRV nxo ~
4 3 ~ De taseesGallno q 0asl ~
Thpp's easose , a.Npa h sl.sy
I'D Be- read with hnstkk syQpatky bY
tSp)paada. HI hsassy snloasmeaG 4 d.
ViSamS Pink PHI Soe plls Psoeis IA
b Aosd BY ssn Il Aesnnda
Il saids
Mareh, Issa, I ~ sAsaehsd BY
vAd I aAsswasA lsaeasd va lseeaolse
!" no skaltL AseaH ~ svssyttang
they suld ios NJ. I sal6y kans
Wuly w uai1ls b dso myseG
les could "a ssovs svea aios d
soqm but was eanie1 + ny ~.
ri ave up hess. Ths tsesss gavs ~
% nfossassmsaa ! ~ - 9jsa p I'VE
vssy Ioas. I w ness hsle160 0hAa .
taty.l I nnk lower cd 0wss.
I'd Jsns Tie u6s tBeasd! FfoA tAs
iowsa sbb, h begaa b - tswasS hsalkA
STSs sssaiag ps,as ~ . aswvpasss
lstele
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
OLD COPIES WANTED.

In order to complete our files we
want the following named issues Of
the POsT:
July 8, Sept. 16, 1859; Oct. 6,
13, 1870; Jan. 26, 1871; Apr. II,
1878; Nov. 4, Dec. %, 1875; Mar.
7, 1878; May Is, 1879; Feb. II,
Mar. 10, 1881; Apr. %, 1888
Mar. q, June IL, Aug. 7 and Oct.
80, 1884; Sept. II, 1885; Jan. %,
May 6, Oct. %, Dec. %, 1886
Dec. 20, 1887.
Any of our readers having copies
of the above issues will confer a
favor by letting us know. Such
copies in good condition will COM
mand a fair price. If.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26

Many old soldiers now feel III.
effects of the hard service they en-
dured during the war. Mr.. Geo. s.
Anderson, of Rossville, York county,
Penna-, who saw the hardest kind OF
service at the front, is now fre-
quenuy troubled with rheumatism.
Il had . severe attack lately" he
says, and procured bottle of
Chamberlain's Pain Balm. 1t did
so mach good that I would
like to know what you would charge
me for one dozen bottles" Mr..
Anderson wanted it both for his
own use andto supply it to his friend
and neighbor, as every family should
have q bottle of it in their home,
not only for rheumatism, but lame
back, sprsins, swellings, cuts, bruises
and burns, for which it is unequal.
ed. For sale by all Druggists.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26

X EGlSTER'S NOTICES.-Notlce Is hereby Civ.
xSen tAAt the following named persons have
nled thtar administrator $, Guardian, and XIX.
ecutOrs' accounts In the REGISTERS once of Sny.
uer county, AMI the same viii De presented Tor
c0nllrInAtiOn and allowance VI the Court House
III MiddleDurgh. Monday. J une 9Th 1898.
]. Account 0i Z. W. Gundrum and X. /. Wag.
ner, administrators VI John U. G0ss late OF West
Beaver Twp. snyder 70. dec'u.
:. fpst ana lnal account OF George q. Aumill-
er, executor VI the estate OF Saran Aulllller.
late Ei Aohroe Twp. snyder CO. decd.
y. Flrsl ana hnai account OF A. s. Sechrist
administrator VI H. ,. Sethitst, late VI Union
twp. decd.
4. The first and final account OF John Hilbert.
executor OF Matilda Faust, late OF Middlecreek
Twp. snyder co. decd.
o. Final account Of John p. Leitzel. admiLis.
traitor OF Sam l.eiiz..l, late Of Middlecreek twp
Snyder CO. decd.
4. First and final account OF Charles A. Sauer.
ex. OF the last wil ana stainent VI EliZaDeIh
breo,i, late OF iddlecreek twp. snyder co. decd
q First and fDal account OF Albert Fessler'
administrator OF Reu0en B. fessler. late OF
Centre twp. Snyder co. decd.
s The account OF Adam B. Walter, guardian
OF Robinson Il. Walter. et. al. minor children OF
Mary waiter (nee ReEninger), decd and grand
children Of JOnn l.. Renninger, late OF frank.
Ill twp. Sny der Gu. decd
y. First dnd final account Of Emma Blbigbaus
ADMINISTRATIVE Of the estate OF Dr. Thomas b.
biOighaus, late OF the borough or Mfudleburgh
In The county Uf Snyder, decd
10. The first aud tnal account OF George II.
and Jacob Dreese. executors VI the last viii ana
Testament OF Jacob Dreese. ate OF peery Iwp
snyder co. decd.
II. First and iinal account OF William Roush.
administrator OF the estate OF JOun ArbOgasl
late OF Perry twp. Snyder, co. Lec'd.
IL. First and iinal account OF II. A. Bowersox.
administrator OF the estate OF Andrew j. Bower
sox, late OF Centre twp Snyder co. bec'd.
l3. First and final account OF Peter S. and
Henry j. Herman executors OF the estate OF
jacob X. Herman. decd.
IL. First and final account OF L. X, Uaines.
administrator OF the estate Uf Elizabeth Mover.
late Of Spring twp. snyder CO. deceased.
Is Flrstand partial account OF John =. Wolf.
administrator or the estate OF Harriet NeitZ,
late Of Union twp. snyder co. decd.
10. Fist and 1nal account or Y. H. Wagner
executor Of the last will and testament OF John
Reed. late OfPenD twp. Snyder co. decd.
IL. First ana nnal account Of Levi Ulrich,
administrator c. Il. A. OF the estate of John
Hosterman, late OF the borough OF Selinsgrove,
Snyder co. decd.
Is. Account or Henry Dlnius, guardian OF the
children and heirs of Frank lin SNYDER late of
jackson twp Snyder c"dec'd.
l9 fiyst and final account OF Lucetta seers
ana william II. Seers. administrators OF William
D. Seers, late OI the borough OF SeInsg rove, Sny-
der co, decd.
JOHN II. WILLIS Register,
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26


A leading Chicago packing firm has
Just built private telegraph and tele-
phone line between Chicago and st.
Louis, to have direct connection with.
Its branch at the latter place. A small
switch connects the telegraph or tele-
phone instruments. As the circuit 10
metallic and the wires are in a cable,
there Is no induction that can be no.
ticed, and the long distance phone
works better than the city ones. This
10 the first private line of over zoo
miles in the west II practically costs
nothing to operate II. and it saves the
packing company thousands Of dollars
Q year In telegraph and telephone tolls
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26

You can make n variety Of COM
binations from the above, for in
stance the Posi- and N. Y. Tribune
for S1.25; the Posi- and the Phila.
Press for Sl.50; the Posi-, the n
Y. Tribune, Womankind and Farm
News and other papers for only
$l.45 cash in advance and so on
combinations can he made to suit
purchasers tastes. Address all W-
ders to the Posi- or hand them to oar
agents tt.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
whoopInr Cough.

] had a little boy who was nearly
dead from an attack of whooping
cough. My neighbors recommended
Chamberlain's Cough Remedy.
did not think that any med
would help him, but after
him sfew doses, of that remedy 4
poticed, an improvemant, and one
bottls cured him entirely. tits the
best cough medicine y ever had in
the house. j. L. MooRE, South
Burgsttstowp, Pa. For sale by all
Druggists.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
vorEs ALLOWED FOR srsscRr,.

'OA0 AAow6D rOB OSU5Ckli'
TIONs. .S1
, For every new subscription or re-
newal for u year accompanied by
$l.OO in cash one hundred votes
will be given.
For every six months subscription
or renewal paying so cents fifty $50
votes will be given.
For every dollars worth of job
work, legal advertising, business ad-
vertising or other printing brought
to this Office, we will issue certi-
ficate, when work is paid for calling
tor 100 votes in the contest.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
Scholarship Coupop.
This Coupon entities

to ONE VOTE in the Middleburgh
POSTS contest for 4Scholarships at
Eastman Business College, Pough-
keepsie, N. Y, worth $l1O.
GEO. w. WAGENsELLER,
Proprietor.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
New Music Liberal Offer.

To introduce our new monthly pub
lication. AMERICAN POPULAR Music,
wemake the following liberal offer:
Send US the names cf three or more
performers on the piano or organ,
and fifteen cents in money or post
age, and we will mail you sixteen
pages of the latest popular songs,
two steps. ETC., full sheet music ar
ronged for piano or organ, and &M-
ERICAN POPULAR Music for three
months.
Address POPULAR Music Co.,
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1898-05-26
An 0ld Mans
Last Hope.

Made helpless rs q 6a!y ~ Avsa9I ~vp~s ~
ease he read Of 9 oase Hks his osx, AID ~ eseHl
faith to /o2ow Me exa1spk'I set hin. New he =
himself an eSas1tk to Others u&o are s.6tyiw /Iom
disorders Of A8s ss,yoxs .ystem.