The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1898-06-09

=
Hyperbcrsars including The E=kiaaos
the tribes % Alaska sri the British North
west. and tbs 1aambians. including the
anorigtnss OF Oregon. Washington and
Brtfts@s Columbia
1T il sometimes asserted TIA. the history
OF = people begins with their written rsc-
ord ba. in this later day OF searching
science the relics and rSsns8ns Of al pre-
historic peoples are being ranSackesi TOR
Information that wiIi help Us 70 begin II
each case a. the beginning. During the
last two generations tire study Of history
has received 4 wonderful development.
Brilliant scholars and philosophical writ
ers have devoted their talents 70 the Up
building 81 The subject. Chief among these
in America / count John Ffske. Of Har-
yar1. In his work on The Discovery of
America fsnd splendid review and
strong indorSem sUt OF the work % Lewis
Morgan. who has given Us the best scale
by which to measure the etanie status OF
any race ~ aho-iginszs. BY this scale all
peoples below civilization are divided into
six stages Of development.
Evolution Of the Savage.
beginning with the first or Lowest condl-
ton. in which men live on nuts. roots and
fruits. Mr.. Morgan places them in the
nrSt or lowest stage OF Savagerys from
which nearly al PEOPLES had emerged in
very ancient times The second or middle
stage or sagagery Is marked by the add
ton OF FISH and flesh 10 the food sup
Ply. and the employment Of fire in It's pre-
paration. The third or highest stage 90
ssvagery Is distinguished by the discovery
and Use Of the compound instrument. the
bow and arrow. by which the food supply
was enormously Increased and the people
enabled 10 move from place 10 place along
rivers and coasts. The bow and arrow
were unknown 70 the aSorigines Of Ans
tralia ana they are therefore placed in the
middle Stage OF saYagery.
Next above savages are placed barba-
rians. also divided into three groups When
the highest Orders OF savages caught their
game and proceed a 10 prepare IL for food
4 hE- ar ~
fire 10 roast or dug holes, lined them with
stones or clay. and filling them with wa
In heated stones. They next used baskets
covered with coating OF clay 10 keep in
the water and 70 keep ont the fire. The
clay hardened in the heat. the basket
there and then BECAME a barbarian, for he
had advanced one whole ethnic period by
the discovery Of pottery.
Next comes the most interesting ethnic
period. the middle stage OF barbaris7rl. No
rate OF the original peoples OF America had
risen above this stage. IN the old world
this period IL characterized by the domes-
tication OF animals other than the dog
In his earliest stages Of hunting life, man
had SIS his companion the faithful dog.
BY adding to his home establishment the
cow, the horse. the ass, the swine. the
sheep. and the goat. his powers. comforts,
ard abilities 10 expand and extend his own
race were imTeas1lrahiy increased. Right
here Mr.. Morgan's scale needs moditica-
one execution there was not found among
the peoples OF America a single domesti-
Gated animal other than the dog. The ex-
ception was In Peru. where the natives
were using the llama. Riit the sun wor-
shiping aborigines OF Mexico and Peru and
their immediate neigh5ors had developed
read making. had built and were success
fully using great systems OF irrigation.
Corn In Mexico and potatoes In Peru were
cultivated extensively. thus maintaining
large communal esta b!ishnents. Thew had
al fpv taS hR n
the erection of the great common houses.
So these things are substituted for the do
mesticetion Ct animals to raise these ma
tlves TO the middle stage OF barbarism-
"AN through the middle stage or BAR
baris,n men had been using stone axes.
which had developed from crude clipped
affairs into keen, polished implements.
Then they found native copper and soon
used that for indictments In the old
world these harharians mixed this copper
with tin and made bronze. but nowhere in
America had the natives learned the pro-
cess Of smelling iron ore. This knowledge
is the feature that character!2es mans life
IN the upper or last stage OF barharism.
Through this stage he makes one more
grand stride: he discovers q phonetic al
phabet and enters tho plane of civilization.
Every race OF people has. passed
through all these stages or development.
and Il should be remembered that two
races In the same ethnic period resemble
each other more closely than does the
same race resemble itsela in different
stages OF It's upward progress.
Put why should matters Of this kind be
expected especially 10 interest members OF
the Washington Pioneers Association!
Let Us see:
The Red Men of the Pacific.
'The soil OF the Pacific coast north OF
California was first seen by Ferrsio, a
Spanish explorer. In 1911. Then followed
long years OF exploration by the Spanish
Perez sighted a beautiful snow white
nsounta!n. which he named Santa RosaEia,
hut which We now call Mount Olympus
He also discovered a harbor, now bleak
and deserted but which became the head
quarters OF all early voyagers. He did not
land. but called the place. San Lorenzo.
Hera he was visited by natives coming
gu: in canoes. They held up 20 him bits of
copper and iron and made signs that they
wanted more
an 1775 Bruno Heceta ard Bodega
Quadra came north from the Spanish set
Elements. They drew near the coasts or
first set foot on this soil. Heceta planted
there a cross and took possession OF the
land for the crown of Spain. On the fol-
lowing day Quadra. from his little ship
and water The natives had seemed per-
fectiy friendly. No sooner had the small
boat landed, howsver t tnan 81 sa 1,.s-~
and promptly tore the boat 20 Pieces 10
pick cut the iron and copper nails.
In ,7ss Robert Haswel IN the Adven-
Queen Charlotte Indians for seventy sea
otter skins worth about S-,ea.
Now here do any Of these early discov-
erers record that they found among the
natives any pottery or domesilcated ani-
ruafs They were armed with spears and
bows and arrows. They prepared their
food with Are Therefore these natives
were in the rfliri o. highest stage of saw
agery But how do you account for Their
e5lr!v knowledge OF iron and copper? This
question. indeed. involves utEch research
Before Z. ran be adequately answered.. It's
solution also probably involves the Vexed
question as 10 the origin az the American
ahoriginrs. One very likely theory Is that
oglr American first came rom
Asa by way IL the AIeatian islands. There
Is this very day "a expedition of skilled
chemists az work investigating this and
similar problems among the natives or
tnsz coast T1@ important work : made
,sass Die by the llperality or Morris X jes-
40 president - the American museum
az natural history. 80 New York As al
interesting feet III th.s line, invite your
attention. so an appendix III washington
Irvi0Ets Adventures Of Capt. bonneville"
Tier ya3 elH tHd letter written by Ma
taan.el Wyc:h, from the Coi0n1e river
}r 2s1a giving details 81 the wreck q
JapAues, Junk IN that coast. He b a. sfen
ms survivors Wso can say but through
some s.usisa- accidents, years before tEe