Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1898-01-01

birds that visit the tree ana are
thus sometimes carried consider
able distances. Of course the ship
ment of infected fruit and nursery
stock is also source Of danger, for
in this way alone can we account
for the spread of the pest over
widely separated areas.
REMEDIES.
No remedy is equal to prevention
so we would urge at the outset all
orchardists to keep sharp lookout
lest the scale be introduced una
wares on their places. Inspect all
nursery stock with sharp eyes and
don't allow old fruit boxes to be
brought on the place, \ little time
spent this way each year may pre-
vent you spending much money
later in spraying for it after your
orchard has become infected.
Next to prevention, the best thing
is to discover the pest promptly
after it is introduced, This is easy
to do by carefully inspecting the
fruit on the trees before it is picked.
The tell-tale red spots at once re-
veal the presence of the scale, and
oftentmes but one or two trees may
become infected the first season.
The prompt spraying of these of
course will at once stamp the pest
out and save the expense of treat
ing toe entire orchard.
When the orchard has become
infected there is 30 remedy but to
spray. AS a result of experiments
and observations in the Snake river
orchards carried ont last winter we
can state with all confidence that
the sulphur-salt-lme wash proper
Ily made and properly applied is
the cheapest and most effective
spray to use, and we recommend it
without reserve, at least for Eastern
Washington. 1t is prepared as fol
lows, viz:
Lime. ........5O pounds.
Sulphur. $500. 25 pounds.
Salt ........., Is pounds.
Water to make 100 gallons.
Take Is pounds of lime and %
pounds of sulphur, bell with 20
gallons Of water for about two
hours, or until the sulphur is thor
oughly dissolved and the mixture
is of a deep amber color. While
boiling the liquid must be stirred
frequently. Next place in a cask
the rest Of the lime and pour enough
hot water over it to thoroughly
slack it, and while it is still boil
ing add The salt and stir until
thoroughly dissolved. Then add
this to the lime and sulphur sou-
ton in the boiler and boil for an
other half hour. Sufficient wafer
to make 100 gallons should then be
added keeping the mixture well
stirred meanwhile AS the solu-
ton must be kept well stirred when
spraying, it is best to use pump
with an agitator.
This spray is to be used only in
the winter when the leaves are off
the trees. The trees should first be
well pruned and the spray applied
thoroughly, care being taken that
no part Of the tree, not even one Of
the smallest twigs. does not receive
| it's coating of the wash. (For meth
ODDS of pruning see Bulletin No. 26
of this station, entitled "Pruning
Orchard Trees" by J, A. Balmer.)
If your trees are infested prune
and spray them now. Do not leave
them until the buds begin to open
in the spring, for if you do many
of the leaves and buds will be in
iured and many of the trees will re-
main unsprayed because you will
not get around to them in time.
Thinking it may be ofinterest we
give below the results of some Of,
the experiments in spraying for
this insect carried on last winter.
-Four different washes were used
kerosene emulsion, whale oil soap,
resin solution, and the sulphur salt
and lime wash. The Kerosene
emulsion gave very satisfactory re-
suits when used in the proportion
Of four gallons Of water to one of
the emulsion; when six gallons Of
water were used instead of four The
results were not satisfactory. The
whale oil soap gave good results
when used in the proportion of two
nF