davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

S.-..SS- ..--- -S -...0oOn III --S-,
the length; from breech to nilizzle;
will be forty-nine feet two inches:
Through the breech in vertical line
the gun will have measurement OF
exactly five feet. Mr.. Meigs COM
putes the weight of q shot for the new
gun at little over 2300 pounds. That
means more than ton OF metal. The
heaviest shots fired in England have
not weighed over 1000 pounds.
The powder charge for the Ameri-
can gun will weigh nearly 1000 poinds:
Provided extreme elevation for range
could be obtained, o shot from the
New York Harbor gun should be able
to travel more thar sixteen miles:
The greatest known range ever at;
tained was from the famous ".jubilee
shot" in England. The distance
measured about twelve statute miles
The United States has never before
attempted any heavier piece of ord
nance for coast defence than twelve
inch gun. The weight of piece OF
the latter caliber is approximately
fifty tons. In the sixteen-inch gun
there is observed jump of seventy
six tons increase in weight.
The first ingot for the new sixteen
inch gun vas cast recently at Bethle::
hem. II was for the tube forging and
weighed $4,000 pounds, The jacket
forging is also out: 1t weighs 10000
pounds. Under the contract made
with the War Department the Bethle-
hem works will turn out all forgings
for the great gun. The tempering and
annealing process will also be applied
at the Bethlehem shops. When oil
the parts are out, the tube, jacket and
hoops will be shipped to the United
States arsenal at Wateryliet, West
Troy, N. Y. There they are to be as.
sembled together, and the gun itself
rifled and made ready for service.
All metal used is fluid compressed.
The specifications which ore being ad'
hered to demand the most exactine
physical tests. Specimen pieces o1
metal are taken from all forgings, are
subjected to elongation, breaking ano
bending tests. Finally every part o.
the gun must be of forged metal. The
tube, for instance, has been cast and
rough bored. 1t will next have man
drel introduced through its length ane
then be placed under the hammer.
For this latter stage the Bethlehem
works have the largest hammer in thu
world. 1t is capable of delivering
blow of 12O tons, or some ten ton'
more than the famous Krupp ham
mer.
The building of the new sixteen-incl
gun is ON expensive undertaking. Th'
gun itself will cost about $120. 900
For single guns the average cost to tn
Government for all fortifcation worl
in this country is roughly $1,000 pc
ton of gun.
The cost of the gun carriage and tur
ret will bring the cost up to as mucl
again as the weapon, while the cos
for foundation will, it is estimated
round out grand total of at leas
100000 The foundation for the six
teen-inch gun willrequire depth, it i
said, of fifty feet if earth be the basis
This foundation must be constructe'
of concrete.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
WORLDS BIGGEST CANNON
TO PROTECT NEW YORK.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES sxss * *
he largest gun ever built is now

The largest gun ever built is now
being constructed at the Bethlehem
Penn Iron Works. This enormous
piece of ordnance will weigh, when
completed, 1876 tons. It will exceed
by six tons weight the monster gun
which Krupp, of Germany, exhibited
at the Worlds Fair, in Chicago, and
in length it will be nearly five feet
longer than the German gun.
This monster gun is being fabri-
Gated under the War Department. 1t
is the biggest order ever given to any
establishment in the world.
The great gun is being built under
the superintendent of John r.
Meigs, formerly Lieutenant OF the
United States army aud standard
artillery authority in this country.
With him is associated Captain E. l..
zalinski, United States army IRE
tired). The Government inspection
work is in the hands Of Captain Ira
McNutt, of the ordnance corps OF the
army. All three gentlemen are on the
ground and personally see to every
detail of the immense undertaking as
it progresses.
The intention of the War Depart
ment, it is announced, is to mount the
great piece on d specially built founda-
tion on Romer Shoals. The protec-
ton for this gun will be turret,
which will wholly inclose the crew
and the greater part of the gun. From
its position on Romer Shoals the great
piece of ordnance will lave O full
sweep OF the channels leading into
New York Harbor. There is not, it is
declared, vessel afoat to-day with
armor of sufficient strength to resist
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

1t will pay to have the gar6sn plo!
all cleared and ready for plowing this
fall. In fact, won't it pay to plcw il
as soon as the crops are off?
Those contemplating the erection Of
beet sugar factories will do well to re-
member that for expert assistance and
management small factory will cost
quite as much as a large one.
The secret of winter eggs is: Hatch
the pullets early and keep them grow.
ing; have warm quarters; do not crowd
too many in small place; keep them
exercising, and feed properly.
If any of our readers neglected to
repair and oil the harness last spring
when it should have been done, they
should make note of the fact and at
tend to it at the first r .;Jrtunity,
Again we say radical changes in tho
food of animals should be made grad
ually as possible. This is especially
true of COWS, for sudden changes effect
the quality as well as the quantity of
the milk.
Corn and alfalfa go splendidly to-
gether, especially for feeding fatten-
ing animals. Corn being deficient in
protein, and alfalfa rich in the same
Ingredient, serves to more nearly bal
ance the ration.
Hauling corn fodder up from the
field every few days as wanted during
the winter is, in most cases, very
slavish and unnecessary operation.
No time should be lost now in getting
it into NOW or stack.
On many farms we see the stock still
tramping over the meadows as it has
done ever since haying. We never
thought it paid to thus secure little
fall picking. at the possible expense Of
the hay crop the next year.
Here is the way prominent stock
man puts it: We are going to have the
best times we have seen in fifteen
years, and the stock-raising interest
will, with proper management, have
it's full share in the general prosperity.
One objection urged against winter
dairying is that it is so much trouble
to raise the calves when they cannot
be turned out on pasture This diff
fculty is not serious one if you have
a good, warm barn, clover hay and
Ansilage.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
A Spelling Test.

If you can spell every word correct
ly in the following rhymes-all legiti-
mate expressions-you may consider
yourself qualified to enter q spelling
bee:
Stand up, ye spoilers, now and spell
Spell phenakistoscope and knell;
Or take some simple word as chilly
Or gauger or the garden lily.
To spell such words as syllogism,
And lachrymose and synchronism,
And Pentateuch and saccharine
Apocrypha and celadine,
Jepnine and homeopathy,
Paralysis and chloroform.
Rhinoceros and pachyderm,
Metempsychosis, gherkins, basque,
Is certainly no easy task.
Kaleidoscope and Tennessee,
Kamtchatka and erysipelas,
And etiquette and.sassafras,
Infallible and ptyalism.
Allopathy and rheumatism,
And cataclysm and beleaguer,
Twelfth, eighteenth, rendezvous, intriguer,
And hosts OF other words all found
On English and on classic ground.
Thus, Boring Straits and Michaelmas,
Fhermopylae, jalap, Havana,
Cinquefoil and ipecacuanha,
And Rappanhannock and Shenandoah.
And Skuylkill and thousand more,
Arc words some prime good spoilers mis5
In dictionary lands like this,
Nor need one think himself scroylo
If some of these his efforts foil,
Nor deem himself undone forever
To miss the name Of either river
The Dneiper, Seine or Guadalquiver.
| ----.....-.- --------- Boston Journal.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
Chestnuts.

Chcstnuts.
Every one must have noticed the
difference in. size and productiveness
of different chestnut trees in our
woods, says the Massachusetts Plough
man, some producing large handsome
nuts in quantity, while others yield
only meager crop of inferior size.
None of our native nuts, however,
compare at all for size or attractive
ness with the ohestnuts of Spain,
Italy and Japan, which are easily
grated upon the common chestnut OF
our woods.
Tie peculiarities of these large nuts
are not propagated with certainty by
growing seedlings; these differ widely
from each other and from the parent
tree. 1t is, however. by no means
difficult to graft the chestnut, aud by
this method the different varieties are
perpetuated with certainty. Trees
grown from our native nut make ex-
oellent stock upon which to graft the
large varieties.
The Italian and Spanish chestnuts
are not hardy enough to endure our
climate, but there are several large va
rieties from Japan that are entirely
hardy and much larger than any of our
native nuts.
If one wishes to grow stocks on
which to graft chestnuts he should
save the nuts now md pack them
carefully in sand in boxes made of
hemlock- boards, which mice and
squirrels dislike to gnaw into, and
these boxes should be covered with q
foot of earth in dry place out of
doors; in spring the nuts should be
taken out and planted in rows two
and one-half feet apart, setting the
nuts six inches apart. After the trees
have made one or two years growth,
they should be grated near th ground
in early spring and banked up with
earth so as to cover the place where
the scion is inserted, but leaving its
point exposed 20 the air. AS with
any other grating it is necessary to
bring the inner bark of the scion and
stock together in order to effect the
union and to keep out dry air and
sunshine until the union is we'll per-
fected.
The chestnut is q very useful tree
18th for it's nuts and wood and de-
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

mate thirty miles an hours although it
would necessarily be made as rdei11g
apparatus and not fit for street work:
Two one-and- one-half horsepower
motors, weighing 1921 pounds each,
are found sufficient for hanson, and
are operated at d maximtm speed OF
1850 revolutions per minute:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
Smallest Village on Earth.

Pelham, N. Y, is said to be the
smallest village in the world. A few
days ago miniature election was held.
Ali of Pelham's nine voters. went to
the polls and cast their ballots for or
against an approximation for Sl6, 600
for road Improvements. 1t took ten
minutes to get the vote in, and the re-
suit was six ballots to three, favarlng
the appropriation.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

seventy-two inches in diameter on the
inside, and seventy y-six and one-quarter
inches in diameter, outside measure
ment, and twelve feet six inches long
over all. The metal in it weighed TO-
900 pounds. The seventy-two-lnch
pipe was moulded for the New Orleans
& Northeastern Railroad, to be used
for culverts under their tracks. A
small river can flow through h one OF
these pipes. 1t is as large as the great
sewers of Paris which were built OF
brick and stone.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
"Hend as a Door Nall"

The door nail in earlier times was
the plate of the door upon which the
old-fashioned knoc,1er struck to
arouse the inmates of the house. AS
the plate or nail was struck many more
times than any other, it was assumed
to be more dead than other nails.
Hence the phrase, "Deap as o door
nail" If old ideas are to be revived,
as now seems possible, the phrase may
soon have present application
Hardware. -.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
Currents IN the Atlantic.

Experiments have been going on fol
the past two years for the purpose OF
trying to learn something OF the
characteristics of the Atlantic ocean as
great moving body Of water. AS q
result the whole Atlantic is shown to
be slowly circulating round andround,
like an enormous pool.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

,iui.ivoT vi I:-ro4 ,auU ulunKs TO which
they had attached their signatures,
and it was left to- Miss Reeves ois-
cretion to issue them or not-requisi-
tions, applications for extraditions
from Governors of other States, and
many other matters.
She sought legal advice, but the at
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
Farm and Garden Notes.
Get rid of all surplus stock

Get rid of all surplus stock.
See that the pullets have comforta-
BILE quarters.
Sell off all hens that do not show
signs of moulting.
The early Matched pullets will lay
swice as many eggs this winter as the
old hen.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL,

Wild birds do not sing more than
eight or ten weeks in the year:
In year horse will eat nine times
his own weight, SO will q COW, an OK
six times and sheep six times,
The greatest force known to science
is. that produced by the contraction
and expansion of metals, resulting
from the action of heat and cold.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
For Dam ,en,nr Clothes.

To dampen the clothes before iron
ing, q Texas woman has invented de-
vice which consists of q water recep-
tacle with n sponge at the bottom, to
he attached to the nose of the iron md
wet the cloth as it slides along.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

A Church Literally Founded on n Rock.
The tenth anniversary of the Pres
byterian Church at Waterloo, Iowa,
was celebrated short time ago. There
would be nothing remarkable about
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

But weary men and women
At morn and eve did pass
Beside the way unshaded,
Amid the sunburnt grass;
Their step was slow and heavy,
Their garments bore the soil
OF the hard worlds grim work-day-
They walked the way Of Toll,
-
So close against our pleasure
Is the undertone of Care,
OF those who, all unsheltered,
The heat and burden bear,
And tho fair summer memory
Sweet harvest to me yields,
Yet ever lives the picture
or the path across the fleldsl
Harper's Bazaar.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

Largest Cast Iron Pipe Ever Moulded:
The largest pipe ever cast was turned
out at Bessemer, near Birmingham,
Alabama, the other day. The pipe was
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
sRs ssRs
! ITHEBLUE DRYAD:


Unable to resist the unintelligible idea
that the dog had been frightened to
death, followed the direction of his
last gaze, and at first saw nothing.
The next moment I observed round
the corner of the veranda door q small,
dark and slender object swaying
gently up and down like dry bough
in the wind. It had passed right into
the room with the same slow, regular
motion before I realized what 1t was
and what had happened. Ny poor,
stupid Ruby must have nosed at the
basket on the veranda till he succeeded
somehow in opening it, and have been
bitten in return for his pains by the
abominable beast which I now saw
angrily rearing its head and kissing
fercely at the dead dog within three
yards of my face.
am not one of those women who
Jump on chairs or tables when they
see mouse, but I have O constitu-
tional horror of the most harmless
reptiles. Watching the Blue Dryad
as it glided across the patch OF sum
light streaming in from the open win
dow, and knowing what it was, [ con-
fess to being as nearly frightened out
of my wits as I ever hope to be. I
simply dared not speak or move q fin
ger for fear of attracting the beasts
attention to myself. Suddenly, stof-
fles, weary of patting flies and spiders
ON the back, appeared gently purring
on the back OF the sofa.
Stof1es, as T have said, was inordi-
nately vain and self-conscious. Stalk
ing along the top of the sofa back and
bearing erect the bushy banner of her
magnificent tail, she looked the most
ridiculous creature imaginable. She
had proceeded half way on this pill
grimage toward me, when suddenly,
with the rapidity of lightning, as her
ear caught the sound of the hiss and
her eyes fell upon the Blne Dryad,
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
THOs. J. ADAMS, PROPRIETOR
SHg PATH ACROSS THE FIELDS.

Around sas vss sss beauty
X Which Only summer yields,
The shadow Of the1woodland,
The bounty Of the fields,
The gleam Of shining waters,
The murmur OF the sea-
The varied book Of Nature,
All opened wide for mel
Amid those scenes Of beauty
I spied pathway there,
All howerless and dusty,
ALI hard and brown and bare.
No dainty gown swept over,
No foot In dalliance strayed
Along the narrow limit
The tread Of Toll had made.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12
was her

TOFFLES was her
name, o familiar
abbrsviation, and
Mephistophel e an
was her nature.
She had all the
usual vices Of the
feline tribe, in.
Guiding o double
portion of those
which men are so
fond of describing
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1898-01-12

her whole Civilized play
meanor vanished, and b.
fened and contracted to t
watchful wild beast with
and instructive antipat
enemy blazing from its .
light bound she was on
compressed, defensive =
all four feet close togetht
not too near, the unknow'
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1898-01-26

Smaller Esrms--E. C. Bennett in
Waverly Republican: The large farm
er has a chance to make big hauls and
lay up more money in one season than
the small farmer can In several. Ha
also has the opportunity to lose mora
in one season. and the greater proba-
bility OF loss. It would be fetter for
the whole land if the farms were none
of them larger than 100 acres.
Scavenger Sheep.-Sheep kept only
for scavengers are not the sort which
prove themselves of value. They do
well on poorer food than will other
animals, for the reason that they mas
ticato better. and get the more susie
nance from 1t, but this is NO reason for
Withholding good food from them. For
all the good food they get they win
dive rsturn.-Ex.
prouth las cut In tive the priests -
Eaay farmers.
n act fasA zIaag fer gFSI
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1898-01-26

Much has been said for and against
corn as feed for laying hens, chick
ems, etc. Now corn is good general
poultry feed and cheap one no doubt
as well. 1t is the staple diet of farm
poultry, but all this does not dlsprove
the well-known fact that corn is not
well balanced and needs bran, oats,
wheat, linseed meal and other feeds to
balance 1t and supply the protein which
the corn lacks. Farm poultry does
we'll in summer upon corn alone. simply
because they have the run OF the farm.
can forage about, get insects, clovers
and grasses to supplement their corn
diet. But in case OF birds closely
penned 1t is different, and In the win
ter season the poultry keeper must pay
more attention to supplying a variety.
Feed lean meat, freshly cut green bone,
clover, cabbage. wheat, bran, oats and
inseed meal to make with corn round
sysiem OF rations to supply every need.
It is, of course. unnatural for hens
70 lay freely in the late fall and early
winter months, yet this Ii just the time
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1898-01-26

We want eggs to get good prices. Mani
testify we are to take special pains to
get laying hens at this season. We
must hatch our chicks in good season
in spring, keep them growing well
without any breaks; feed them from
chickenhood upon reproducing
foods; get them started laying before
very cold weather and then take all
pains to keep them laying by feeding
warm mashes in the morning and CIV
ing liberal rations of animal food. 1t
is quite business, this getting plenty
OF eggs In winter and is certainly well
worth studying in order that one may
become master of this sort of craft.
Farm poultry too often suffers from the
evil effects of close in-breeding. This
occurs by the farmers neglecting to
send on the farm to secure male bird
TO head the breeding flock. It will not
DO to pick out the "likeliest" young
male raised upon the farm to breed
from, and follow such a practice year
after year. Send off and buy, or trade
Tor, cockerel every year or two to
infuse fresh blood into the poultry
stock This is important. Be satisfied
only with the best blooded poultry to
be obtained. Have things correspond
for upon farm where blooded horses,
cattle, sheep or swine are raised 1t does
Aot seem consistent to keep a lot OF
mongrel, nondescript hens. Get some
thoroughbred poultry that not only
looks well, but does WELL Do not de-
spise the hen, for she asks no favors
and will pay good margin of profit
when more pretentious stock is doing
nothing but eating.
VIM. P. PERKINS.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1898-01-26

cause great losses and often result in
financial ruin. There are on the farm
many leaks through which go out the
hard earnings Of the farmer. More
than any other, the loss from lost heat
should be guarded against. Heat costs
money. Every unit of heat costs some
thlng, according to the food from
which 1t is made. We may say then
that heat is money. To save the loss
OF this heat is to save money, for 1t
Will save food. Some farmers feed the
winds as we'll as their stock. Every
loose board on barn is a means by
which the farmer feeds the wind. That
is, the cold fllches away the heat from
the bodies of his animals. More farm
ers feed the waters. There are farmers
that are very careful to keep from
feeding the winds. and keep their barns
tight. But they do not hesitate twice
day to give their cattle icecold water.
1t Is not an uncommon sight to see
COW drink three pailfuls of water at
single time When such water is at a
temperature of about 80 degrees II
means that the water SO consumed
must be raised to temperature Of over
so degrees. In fact, we are told by
doctors that the digestive process stops
till the water has been raised to blood
heat. Think of the heat necessary to
raise water in a cows stomach to 60
degrees. Remember that that heat has
been made by feeding the cow food thar
costs q great deal of money
1t Is certainly much cheaper to raise
the temperature by means Of the loose
wood lying around the farm that costs
nothing but the effort to gather it. To
build fire for the heating of water on
a cold day is pleasing operation. II
the heat from the fire reaches the cows
and other stock it will prove a pleas
ing operation to them as well as to the
farmer. The only cost is therefore the
first cost for boiler But these may
be purchased at almost any price. The
well-to-do farmer that can afford to
purchase to suit his convenience and
fancy can pay high price If he wants
to- II not, he can do as the humber
farmer will most likely do-pUrchase
saving in cost OF feed will prove a big
interest on the investment. Remem-
Der this, that whereas farmer may
lose feed on account of cold winds, yet
there are many warm. sunny days in
winter, when he will lose little in this
way. But the man that loses feed on
account of icy water must expect that
loss every day in the winter season,
for the water supply does not change
its temperature as often as the air, nor
does it respond quickly to the change
in temperature. 1t is hidden away in
the ground, locked up with the frost,
or waiting in ice caves. When the
warm days in winter come the ice and
snow melt and make still colder these
waters. All of these are to be drank
by the stock. If we were to figure on
the matter, we would say that full
sized COW would lose several cents per
day IL allowed to drink ice cold water.
When we consider that many farmers
have all the way from twenty to hun
bred cows we can see what great loss
he must face during an entire winter
season. Dairymen especially should
see that their cows have, for drinking
purposes, only water that has been
raised to a suitable temperature.