The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1898-05-30

WASHINGTON. May -a-~Gsnersi or'er
No. 100 of April T. 1853. comprising issstrnc-
tions for the government of marines Of the
United States In the field. has been reiss'ued
and ia being sent to the various command
ers for their guidance during the present
conflict with Spain. These instructions were
prepared by Francis Leiher LID. the fa-
ther of the present advocate general OK
the army. and were published by the diree-
ton Of President Lincoln. after being for
mally revised ny board Of officers. OF
which Maj Gen. r. \. Hitchcock was pres
Ident. They were adopted by both France
ana Prussia I'm the war between those
countries FIVE years after the civil contes
here. and were the basis upon which a gen.
eral European conference afterward acted
In drawing :sr an agreement OF this subject.
The instructions make twenty-four pages
OF print. and cover almost every coneelva-
bic feature of military conduct and usage
IN time OF war and definition of many or
the terms used. They embrace ten sec
tions. as follows:
Section /. Martial law. military iurlsaic-
ton. military necessity of retaliation.
Sec. . Public and private property OF
the enemy projection or persons and es-
pesysalIy women. Of religion. the Aria ana
Scsences. ranishrAept cf rrtHce Aas3nae 80
inaahisants OF hoefiie connfrieA
See . Deserters, prisoners OF war. nos
tagee. booty on the battlefield.
Sec i. partls=ans armed enemies not he
longing to the hostile army, scouts. arsnen
prow.ers war rebels.
See ;. safe conduct. spies. war traitors.
captured messages, abuse or the nag OF
truce.
Sec 6. Exchange OF prisoners nags OF
truce flags of protection.
See !. The parole.
See g. ArrrIstice capitulatfon
See 9 Assassination.
See 70. fnsarrectlon. civil war, rebellion.
Martial law Is explained as simply mill
tary authority exercised IN accordance with
the laws under the usages of war.
A place or district of country occupied BY
an enemy stands TN consequence OF the oc-
cupation. under the martial law OF the In
vadlng or occupying army. II extends 10
property and TO persons. whether they are
subjects of the enemy or aliens Of that
government. Whenever feasible. martial
law IL carried out In cases of individual Of
Tenders By military courts; but sentences
OF death shall be executed only with the
approval OF the chief executive: provided
tho urgency Of the case does not require
speedier execution. and then only with sp-
proval of the chief commander.
Martial law should be less stringent in
.-ta f..sf tad and Faf
~ conquered. Military necessity admits OF
all direct destruction Of life or limb OF
armed enemies. and OF other persons
whose destruction Is incidentally ''unavo!d-
able" In the armed contests OF the war.
Military necessity does not admit OF cru
eity-that Is the nfliction OF suffering for
tho sake OF suffering. or for revenge, nor
of manning or wounding. except in 1ght.
nor o. torture TO extort confessions. II adj
mits Of deception. but diselaims acts or
perGdy.
When commander OF be.ieged place
expeAs the non-comhntanta Ia order to
lessen the number OF those who consume
his stock OF provisions. ii is lawful though
an extreme rneamlre to drive them back.
50 as 10 hasten on the surrender. Com
rnanders. whenever admissible. Inform tho
commander or their intention To lombard
a place. but It is>no infraetion of the COM
mon Iaw of war to omit 'hus to inform
them. sarprlse may be a Necessity.
Retaliation will never be reBorted to a.
q measure or mere revenge. nas only as a
means Of protective retribution. and more
over cautiously and uuavoldahly. ;tat II 20
say. retaIialions sl1aa only ba resortssi to
after careful inquiry into tae real occur
renee and the character OF the mlsdeeds
tnat rnay demand re;Fibation. The more
vigorously var Ia pur@aed. the better It IL
for humanity. Sharp wars are btiEf
A victorious army apprppriates all public
money. selzes all public movable property
untn further directed BY 80 government.
ard sequesiers FOR ita own 6enes;. or thar
~ its government. al :hs revenues az reai
property belonging 70 the hostile govern
n4ent or nation. The title 50 Such real
property remains I'm aheyance during mili-
tary occupation ard until the conquest Is
made complete THE United States ac-
knowiesees and protects IL hostile eDsIn-
tries ocssaled fsy thes1 geilgsaa AMI Fagr-
/ asisy. strictly private properly. tne persons
| OF tbs inhabitants. and especially tlose o9