The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1898-03-15

Four Hundred Years of Bloody Con-
quest and Infamous Persecution.


st. Paul Dispatch.
Spain, as we understand the name, came
into being with the marriage of Ferdinand
and Isabella. BY this union two great prov
inces were made one and others came in to
make the whole. Under Ferdinand and
Isabella began the voyages of discovery
which We're to give Spain the con
In that reign the Moors were driven from
Spain; the Inquisition was established;
TorQuemada was a power second only to
ated; there were many wars in Italy; there
was war with France to recover Cerdagne
and Roussillon, which had been mortgaged
to France by Ferdinand's father; there was
the rise and the world-tlling fame of Con-
salvo de Cordova, the great soldier; there
was. the utter, defeat OF the French on
Italian soil; there were successful wars in
Africa and the wars of the So-called Holy
League.
Cortez fought and conquered Mexico and
Francisco PiZarro, under contract fought
and. conquered Peru. This man gave to
Spain a territory which extended through
ttirty-nine degrees of latitude and includ-
ed all of those countries now known as
Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Chile. Every
day of Pizarros adventurous life in the
west was day of warfare, and every
main actor in the drama of the Incas died
a violent death. These possessions poured
into the Golfers of the conquering country
a steady stream of gold and silver. With
in fifty years the Spanish navigators made
of Spain the greatest empire the world had
ever known. The Atlantic and Pacific
oceans became Spanish lakes, and became
SO through constant wars. Every foot of
ton only of Cuba and Porto Rico, has
been lost by war Since the reinforcement
Of Ferdinand VII and the enforcement
of Joseph Bonaparte revolutions have cost
Spain nearly all of her transatlantic col
onies. Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Ecuador
went we IN lS24 Venezuela went IN 1S23 Mex
isthmian republics in 1929
IN 1919 the Frankfort Diet gave the crown
or Germany to Charles. V, who was Haps-
burg, and Spain leaped at once into prorni-
nence and power in the wide field of Euro
pean politics. For eighty years it DONNA ted
the nations of Europe, always at war and
always ruling, when it ruled, with an iron
hand. At that time facing each other were
four of the greatest Kings of history. They
France, Henry VIII Of England rand and soly-
man the Magnificent. The ablest of them
V was Charles sd During all of his reign his
wars. For thirty years he was engaged in
what are called the. Italian wars. He was
really behind the Constable de Bourbons
sacking of Rome in 1927, because Pope
Clement had absolved Francis from truce
and that merry monarch had Immediately
begun lighting again. In the eight years be-
tween 1877 and 1885 he had his usual war
with Francis. war with the Florentines,
assalled the Barbary pirates and captured
Iunis. In 1886 he invaded Provence, and in
that year whipped the rebellious burghers
of Client, He had an African war in 1541
and another war with France from 1912 to
1544. In 1543 he began his savage attacks on
Professionalism. In 1547 he took Maurice of
SaXony prisoner. and fought him again in
l552; He followed this with one more war
with his old foeman of France At this time
Spain was mistress of Mexico, Peru
F'ranche Comte, the Netherlands. Naples
parts of Germany, and a dozen other princi-
palities: During his reign Charles rolled
back the Turks from Europe, fought for
Christians in Tunis and Algiers, had trav-
eled over Italy, France England, Germany
and Flanders forty times in war and peace
He had fought everyone who disagreed
with him on any subject. and when he re-
signed his crown to Philip and retired to a
monastery, was the most potent and
Philip, who came to the throne when
tWenty-nine years old, fought the Pope;
fought France; fought long wars with the
viciously; made one of the Holy League
which fought the great sea fight of Lee
panto which forever shattered the Turkish
dream of an empire in Africa, and in which
Cervantes, a private soldier, lost the use
of his left hand; fought Henry of Navarro
maintained a perpetual sea war with Eng
land after the accession of Elizabeth. He
sent the invincible armada in 1885, and of
the $1,000 men who manned his ships only
10000 returned. He sent another armada in
1861 Mexico was coined into ducats for
these wars-English, French and Dutch.
Philip was royalty Spanish or Spanish
attempted to assassinate Elizabeth Henry
of Navarro and John Of Olden-Barneveld,
the great burgher, and he did assassinate
Egmolt, HORNE, William the Silent, Don
Carlos, at that time his only son, his ile-
climate son, Don Juan, millions by one
edict in the Netherlands, and his private
secretary, Escoyedo, who knew too much:
For many years Of Philips reign the skull
of the chief justice of Aragon adorned a
Spanish market place. Here is what he
governed: Peru, Mexico, Brazil, the An
TILES, seventeen Netherland provinces,
twelve kingdoms of Spain and Portugal, the
two Sicilies, Milan, parts OF Tuscany. Bar