Arizona republican., 1898-04-28

book. They are truly pure Durhams,
 and descended from some of the best
 tribes registered in the herd book. On
 this subject the American Agricu tur-
 ist of July, 1894, has the following re-
 marks: At the very beginning of the
 dehorning, and even earlier, several
 enterprising breeders of Shorthorn cattle observed in their respective herds some young animals which grew to maturity destitute of horns.
 Without any concerted action, or even mutual information, each one
 carefully interbred these boiled ami mals, finding that a large percentage of the first progeny inherited the poll
 ed condition, which in a few genera tions had become a fixed characteris- tic.' All doubt on the subject of the
 purity of breed of some of the Ameri-
 can herds of boiled Durhams has been set at rest by the publication of au- thenticated pedigrees of the boiled ani- mals. In a country where cattle are often sent long journeys by rail it is justly regarded as a great advantage to breed out the horns
 An instance of Atavism: A very in
 teresting discussion has been carried
 on in the columns of the Livestock Journal" on the subject of the Ameri- can boiled Durhams, and for time it was doubtful whether their appear ance was to be attributed to accidental variation, or as it is generally called by stock owners, "a sport" or to at vism In a series of very interesting articles on the boiled Durhams of America, MT. William Hausman has clearly shown that the presence of these boiled animals in a horned vari- ety of cattle is really a case of atav- ism, or the reappearance of the type | of remote ancestor. In his third and 1 concluding article he says: "The i hornlsss character appeared without
 hornless cross in three families, all
 descended from stock purchased in
 England, and of long lines, tracing
 back to very early, one to perhaps the oldest of all recorded English cows. The line most familiarly known to ! English readers is that of the Gwynnes, descended, as everybody knows from Sir Henry Vane Tempest's Nell Gwynnes, one of the daughters of MT. Robert Ceilings Princess. rep l resenting a line of dams tracing to the very fountain head of the short
 horn. Another family in which, without muley help, the horns have
 gone, is that of White Rose, a British
 bred COW exported to America, and on
 the side Of her sire, MT. Halls Publi-
 cola (calved in 1823), descended
 through both his parents from Hutch
 inson's old stock at Grassy Nook,
 the root of the B1anches of Kirklev- 1 ington- The family remaining to be
 noticed as having sported or reverted | to the boiled character is that of the imported young Phillis, bred by the
 Earl of Carlisle. Her family is one
 which was well known in the best days of the old Castle Howard herd, tracing to Delicacy, by Kelton" MT. Hausman ascribes the appearance of i boiled animals in these three families to the influence of an alloy of Gallo
 way blood, through Grandson Of Bol- 1 ingbroke, whose sire was Col. O'Ca1- ] laghan's Son of Bolingbroke, by Bol- | ingbroke 86; dam, a red boiled Gallo ! way COW. This alloy blood is ming led, to a much greater extent than i the breeders of shorthOrns are. aware, ] in the most aristocratic families of 1 the breed. Since the landing of the 1 three COWS, the foundation of the
 tribes which have produced hornless
 animals, the Gwynnes have numbered four generations, and the other two
 eleven generations, which puts the Galloway alloy very long way back. The families have been considerably
 inbred, and that has in all probability materially assisted in causing the re-
 appearance of the old type of the Galloway.
 It would seem that besides the Gal
 loway alloy through Grandson of Bolingbroke, there is another strain in
 the shorthorn blood, derived from more ancient ancestors, through which
 the boiled blood comes into the short horn breed. MT. H. F. Euren, who has taken a part in the discussion on this subject, writes in the Livestock
 Journal of July 23, 1897: That there were were SO late as 1923 Northern and Yorkshire boiled cattle, that had
 the same qualities as the shorthorn, is fully set forth by Dr. R. w. Dickson, in his book on Improved Livestock
 and Cattle Management. John Law
 renee, the famous writer on horse
 published early in the century, spoke
 of the Yorkshire boiled as a most ex- cellent breed Mention is also made
 of them as being in Yorkshire. and
 also in the Cambridgeshire district in
 the board of agriculture reports pub lished toward the close of the last
 century," I believe that boiled ami
 mals have from time to time appeared
 in stud shorthorn herds, and that as
 the owners were afraid they might be
 taken as indicative of cross breeding
 such animals have been quietly sup
 pressed. The practical American hus- bandman, seeing the great advantage
 that would accrue from the establish ment of a polled variety of the short horn, eagerly seized the opportunity of establishing such race wheI boiled calves appeared in their herds By inbreeding to such boiled stock they have succeeded in establishing what may fairly be regarded as tn, most valuable variety of our domesti cattle. The circumstance of the ap pearance of the type of an ancestor