The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1898-03-05
MANY WARS OF SPAIN.
Chicago Timcs-Herald.

struggle incessant warfare and incessan
. cruelty
Spain, as we understand the name, came
into being with the marriage of Ferdinand
and Isabella. BY this union two great prov
inces were made one and others catno in tc
make the whole. Under Ferdinand ant
Isabella began the voyages of discovery
which were to give Spain control of nine
tenths of the new world. Being the initia-
tive reign of Spain as a nation 1t was, oil
course, a warlikc reign. Three men out oil
| four when asked to name the leading
events of FerdInand's occupancy OF the
throne will say that Columbus made an egg
| stand up for his delectatio1, and discovered
| America. and stop there. Yet in that reign
| the Moors were driven from Spain; the In
| uustion was established; Torquemaia wa
q power second only to the pope himself
| the Jews were expatriated there were
| many wars In Italy; there was war with
| France TO recover Cerdagne and Rous-
| siilon which had been inortgaged to France
! by Ferdnands father; there was the ri G
| and word-nllng fame of Gonsalvo de Cor
dova, the great soldier; there was the
utter defeat of the French on Italian soil
| there were successful wars in Africa and
! the wars of the SO called Holy League.
| In the days which followed Hernando
| Cortez fought and conquered Mexico and
| Francisco pizarro under contract fought
| and conquered Peru. This man gave to
| Spain n territory which extended through
thirty-nine degrees of latitude and IN
cluded all OF those countries now known
as Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Chile. Every
| day of Pizarro's adventurous life in the
| West was q day of warfare and every main
| actor in the drama of tie Incas died VIC
| lent death. These possessions poured into
| the Golfers of the conquerng country
| steady stream of gold and silver. Within
| fifty years the Spanish navigators niad5 "
Spain the greatest empire the world had
ever known. The Atlantic and Pacific
oceans became Spanish lakes, and became
so through constant wars. Every foot OF
this vast Western holding, with the excep-
ton only of cuba and Porto Rico has been
lost by war or through the direct conse-
quences of war Since the dethronement OF
Ferdinand VII and enthronemcnt of Jo-
seph Bonaparte revolutions have cost Spain
nearly all of her Transatlantic colonies.
Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Ecuador went in
1924 Venezuela went in 1923. Mexico
achieved independence in 1929, and the
isthmian republics in 1923.
In 1919 the Frankfort diet gave the
crown of Germany to Charles ", who was
Hapsburg, and Spain leaped at once Into
prominence and power in the wide field of
European politics. For eighty years It
dominated the nations of Europe always
al war ana always ruling, when it ruled
with an iron hand. AT that time facing
each other We're four of the greatest kings
of history. They were Charles of Spain,
Francis | OF France, Henry VII of Eng
land and Solyman the Magnificent. The
ablest of them was Charles. During all OF
his reign his people had small breathing
time between his wars. For thirty years
he was engaged In what are called the
Italian wars. He was really behind the
Constable de Bourbon's sacking OF Rome
in 1927, because Pope Clement has alb
solved Francis from Il truce, and tnal
merry monarch had Immediately begun
fighting again. In the eight years between
1927 and 1915 he had his usual war WIN
Francis. war with the FlorentineS, as
sailed the Barbary pirates and captured
Tunis. In 1886 he invaded Provence, ana
in that year whipped the rebellious burgh-
ers of Client. He had an African war in
1Oil. and another war with France from
l5i2 to 1914. In 1913 he began his savage
attacks on Professionalism. In 1917 he took
Maurice of SaXony prisoner and fought
one more war with his old foeman or
France At this time Spain was mistres OF
Mexico Peru Franche COmte. the Neither
lands, Naples, parts of Germany and q
dozen of Other princlpalities. During his |
reign Charles rolled back the Turks from |
Europe fought for Christians in Tunis and !
Algers, had travelled over Italy France |
England. Germany and Flanders forty
times in war and peace. He had fought |
every one who disagreed with him on any |
subject and when he resigned his crown |
10 Phiiip and retired TO a monastery was |
the most potent and dreaded monarch OF |
his day.
Philip. who came to the throne when %
years old. fought the pope; fought France;
fought long wars with the Protestant Meth
erlands; fought the Turk vlciously; made
one OF the Holy League which fought the
great sea fight of Lepanto. which forever
shattered the Turkish dream OF IN empire
In Africa, and in which Cervantes. a prl- !
vate soldier, lost the use OF his left hand: |
Fought Henry of Navarro: maintained |
perpe' ual sea war with England after the
accession of Elizabeth. He sent the In
Vinciblc armada in 1855 and OF the 10000
men who manned his ships only 10000 re-
turned. He sent another armada In 1897.
Mexico was coined into ducats for these
wars English, French and Dutch phliip
was royalty Spanish or Spanishly royal He
lived and breathed murder He atteinp,-
cd to assassinate Elizabeth. Henry OF
Navarro and John OF olden- Barnevold. HE
great buigher, and he did assassnate Egg
mont, HORNE, William the Silent Don
carlos, at that time his only son, his ilie-
siumate son. Don Juan, millions by one
ealet in the Netherlands, and his prlvaie
seerotary, Escovedo who knew too mrch
for many years OF Philips reign the skull
lf the chief Justice OF Araguh adorned n
spanish market place. Here Is what he
governed; Peru, Mexico, Brazil, the An
liles, seventeen Netherland provinces.
WE'VE klngdoms OF Spain and Portugal,
he two Sloilies. Milan nnrts OF T,,aoa,,v
sarbary, Guinea, the African coast south
vest, the indian sea peninsulas aud archi
'elagoss the Philippine ana Malucca "a.
anus, the Grand Duehy OF Florence and
he republic OF Geneva. He wa tins
ing Of England. through his marriage
with Mary, and q claimant to the throne |