The San Francisco call., 1898-05-08

In 1870 Amadeus, the brother of Vic- tor Emmanuel of Italy, was chosen King of Spain by the Cortes. Don car los made solemn i,-otest agalnst the usurper. In the summer Of l0iz the northern provinces were used to arms by body of his partisans, lea py HIS brother Don Alfonso. Military opera tions began and were continued with greater Vigor on the arrival or Don Carlos himself in July, 1873. from tnls time till the beginning of 1876 this oe- sultory but haraSSing warfare con- tinued to devastate the J 'rtheFn pro- vinceS and tax the ros urces or the gov ernment to the utmost. In tie interim Amadeus had resigned and Alfonso XII, son cc the fugitive Isabella, hao been elected in his place.
 The last hopes of the Carltsts were destroyed by the reductio-i In FeDru- ary, 1876, of their fortresses Bilbao, Estella and Tolosa- Don Carlos lied across the country into France. in a announced that he did not withdraw from any of his claims, but was merely awaiting more propitious opportunity. This proclamation. led to his expulsion from French territory.
 He then made a prolonged tour through the United States, Mexico and Europe finally settling in a magnificent
  dence. AS he himself explains, the contrast between the glorious past of the Queen Of the Adriatic and it's pres ent melancholy decadence are in har- mony with the feelings and the condi- tions of exiled princes. Besides Don Carlos, Venice has been the favor1te place of residence of the Count of Chambord. the Duke of Modena and other royal refugees.
 Don Carlos has been married twice His first wife was Princess de Bour- bon and niece of the Count de Cham bord. At t--e time of the marriage in 1867 and for many years afterward the couple were very poor. But the deaths of the Count and Countess de Cham bord, who bequeathed the larger part of their wealth to their favorite niece, made 1t possible for them to keep up royal state.
 This was all the more opportune for the death of the Count de Cham bord made Den Carlos the legitimiSt pretender to the throne of France as well as that of Spain. In the Count de Chambord the male line of Louis XIV became extinct. Don Carlos, as the eld- est direct male descendant of the sec- ond son of Louis XVI, takes precedence of the Duke of Orleans. who claims di- rect descent from brother of the same monarch.
 It may le added as an interesting fact that but for the existence of Prin- cess Mary of Bavaria Don Carlos would also be the Jacobite claimant for the English crown.
 The first wife of Don Carlos died in 1893. The last years of their wedlock had been unhappy, and no one was sur prised to learn that she had distributed the bulk of her fortune among her five children, cutting off the Don with a comparatively small annuity. Money troubles once more weighed upon the pretender to two crowns.
 He cast about him for mode of re- lief. Within a twelvemonth after his first wife's death the world was star tied by the announcement of his en- gagement to the Princess Marie Berthe de Rohan. She was wealthy. She be- longed to a family which had long as- serted it's equality with royalty, but she was pot actually of royal blood. Hence the new marriage was looked upon as a mesalliance by the legitimists.
 That the disagreement between the couple had been the result of the Dukes disreputable behavior and i'll treatment was a notorious fact. So notorious, indeed, was 1t that even so gentle and charitable critic as Pope Leo XIII took public cognizance of it.
 When, in November, 1896, the Prin- cess Elvira, a daughter of Don Carlos, eloped with a married man named Count Folchi. to the scandal of all Eu- rope and the uproarious indignation of her father, the Pontiff was quoted as saying:
 Tt is indeed a great misfortune. The father is punished in his child. It is the reinstatement of his private life"
 Senor. Rafael Diez de la Cortina is the representative of the interests of Don Carlos in the United States. Last September he predicted that the Pre-