davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
BACTERIA IN MILK.


Come Kinds Are Dangerous, While 9th
eEs Are Harmless.
If we were to measure the extent Of
pollution of different substances accord
ing to the number of bacteria they con-
tain, writes Professor H. S. Russell,
milk would be almost the worst food we
could use, for, as rule, drop of milk,
as we drink it at our meals, contains
more bacteria than an equal volume Of
sewage. A water supply that would
contain fraction of what is ordinarily
found in milk would in most cases be
considered unwholesome not on ac-
count of the mere numbers that it con-
tains, but in the light of what such a
condition means. A water supply con-
tanning hundreds of thousands of organ
isms per drop is unsatisfactory, because
it indicates indirectly the presence OF
organic matter in abnormally large
amounts, and such material is undesir-
able in water. In milk this number
would not be interpreted in the same
way, because normally milk contains
organic matter that would support such
a growth.
Even under the most favorable condi-
lions milk contains many more bacteria
than water ordinarily does. AS it comes
from the animal it generally has from
100 to 1000 germs per drop. These inn
mediately begin to multiply, on account
of the favorable conditions of growth,
so that with increasing age the germ
content is greatly increased until in
commercial market milk there are fire.
quently millions in every drop.
The character of the bacteria in any
milk is of vastly more Importance than
the presence of mere numbers. Ordina-
rily the great majority Of the contained
organisms are harmless so far as their
effect on the human system is concern
ed. They are the kinds that cause the
various lamentations to which milk is
peculiarly subject.
Not infrequently certain bacteria gain
access to the milk that are able to form
deleterious substances Cholera infan-
tum and other disorders of the mites
tines are frequently attribu table to thei,
effect The presence of even a few Or
| ganislns of this class is very much more
| dangerous than the millions of sapro-
| phytes that are concerned i'll the pro
duction of the various Preventative
changes.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
CRIMSON CLOVER.

Experiments as to the Best Time and
Manner OF Seeding.
In view of the increasing Importance
of crimson clover as forage plant and
green manure experiments in its Gull
ture are Of special interest to farmers.
Recent experiments by the New Jersey
and Michigan stations are noted in a
farmers bulletin as throwing some
light on the best time and manner Of
seeding this crop under different condi-
ton of soil and climate.
In one of the New Jersey experiments
the clover was seeded on rather heavy
clay loan soil Aug. A, IS, 30 and Oct 1.
The yields of clover ranked in the order
of seeding. the best results being OBJ
tanned from the earlier seedlings. The
difference between the crops of the first
and second seedlings was very small.
The seeding Of Oct proved failure.
The second experiment was made on
a soil ranging from a coarse sand to a
sandy loam The crop from seed sown
July / / was destroyed by hot weather
soon after coming Seed was sown July
81 among tomatoes, but the plants were
again destroyed by the hot weather.
From seed sown the same day among
citron vines. which gave better protec-
tion than the tomato vines, thin stand
was obtained, and the plants made a
good growth the following spring. Seed
sown in Aug. on a plat on which a
crop of peas had been turned under gave
satisfactory results except that the
plants lodged. Aug IS seed was sown
among late tomatoes. A good stand was
obtained, and the crop made vigorous
growth. Seed was sown Sept. IA, and
the plants came up in three days A
good stand was obtained, and the growth
during the fall was promising. The
plants, however. were small when win
ter set in, and being protected many
were killed, while the rest were stunt
ed. Seed was sown Sept. 20 in citron
patch, being put in with cutaway
harrow. The plants were protected by
crab grass and the remaining citron
vines and stood the winter we'll, but
were small as compared with those of
the earlier seeding.
In general it appears that i'll New
Jersey crimson clover seeded from Aug.
to IS gave the best results, but that
in Michigan these dates were too late
to permit the plants to make sufficient
growth before winter. 1t is evident that
wherever crimson clover is grown it
should be sown at such time as will
enable 1t to make good stand and
sufficient growth before it is checked by
frosts. Spring seeding in the climate of
Michigan seems to give very satisfac-
tory results. A good crop is secured the
same year and the clover is apparently
left in good condition.
In the experiments cited better re-
suits were obtained where plants were
protected by growing crops or by the
rubbish left harvesting. particularly in
case of the drier sandy soils seeded in
summer and early fall.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
Don't Let Cows Get Tired

Remember if COW is compelled to
travel back and forth over a 30 acre
field from morning till night i'll order
to hunt a ration for herself she will not
give you big pay in the pail. If she has
to use the energy to secure a living that
she should have expended in celebrating
milk, she cannot be profitable. To do
her best the COW should be enabled to
fill up well in few hours and rest the
balance of the time, as it is during
these rest spells that she is grinding
out your profit. There is some profit in
summer dairying, but we must give
very careful attention to all the details
if we would realize til. w. Lightly
in National Stockman
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08

II met q potato grower last winter, "
says Alvah Agee, in The Stockman and
Farmer, who Trims from % to 40 acres
of potatoes every spring. It is his ex-
perience that it pays to use seconds in
size for planting, as they do not cost
him much, and then remove all surplus
sprouts. In this way he gets thrifty
stalk in every hill and prevents toe
heavy setting. am quite sure that this
work would gay in all early potatoes, IL
there are too many stalks in hill. A
single stalk in a hill gives potatoes of
marketable size sooner than in case of
several stalks in a hill. Four or five
sets are enough in hill when very
early potatoes are wanted, and single
stalk will usually furnish that number z
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08

it is impossible to buy a bunch of steers
which the Jersey blight has not struck
A Jersey cross On Shorthorn, Hereford
or Angus results in a harder feeding
beast than cross on the pennyroyal or
scrub. Many farmers bought bunch of
steers last fall, the best they could find,
and among them were some tainted
with Jersey blood. There was no growth
in them, and the loss on them will off
set the gain on all the other fairly good
Shorthorn grades.
In these days of antifat and small,
handy beasts the Jersey cross does the
business to perfection. The leanness and
smallness are as sure as the recurrence
of taxes and leave leanness of purse
that is lasting. The experience of beef
growers with the Jersey tells us that a
breed may excel all others i'll some spe-
cial line and be all the more disastrous
in other lines.
The farmers who had collected and
selected fairly good herds of high grade
Shorthorn cattle and who have as sensi-
Bile business men continued to use pure
blood bulls are today most lucky. They
have pleasure in their herds and profit
in their sales. On the other hand, the
multitude who had fairly good cattle
and who in an evil hour let in Jersey
have herd of mongrels, good neither
for beef nor for butter, but striking
example of how not to do it.
We hear much of the value of cross
bred animals, but not enough of the
danger of violent crosses If the major
ity of the farmers of a neighborhood or
county have good herds of Shorthorns
and their grades or of good Poland
China hogs and their grades and have
stock in these breeds and made their Sc
1ections of males persistently from these
breeds for years, we find there the quail
ity and value of the herds improving.
On the other hand, where there have
been some trading, restless spirits that
wanted the same COW to throw winner
for yellow butter and heavy beef, OF
hogs that were cholera proof and prolific
as rats, we find such men buying o.
trading for Jersey bulls and unknown
boars In few years the business OF
stock growing in that neighborhood il
demoralized, all pride and enthusiasm
in improvement have died out, and the
herds of high grade or pure bred cattle
and hogs have disappeared, and i'll theil
places we find mongrels of no we'll de.
fined type or color or breeding. The loss
to community from such calamity
cannot be estimated. In few years the
work of generation is lost.
Breeders of swine and cattle should
stick to pure blood males first and last
and of the breed they have been using
and their fathers had used and left
them, good grades or pure breds, enough
to lay the foundation for further i'm.
movement and for an honorable name
among breeders and farmers Beware Of
the new breed and strange blood that
some traders or importer is booming,
knowing that Unborn weakness and love
for new thing are common traits Of
men with more enterprise than expe-
rience and more zeal than Judgment.
The history of every noted breed of ami
mails shows the need of patient perse-
verance in holding fast to chosen line
or breed Every out cross is risky and
every violent cross is disastrous.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
CHERIFF'S SALE.

y y
By virtue of a writ of fleri facias, to me d ect-
ed. issued out of the Supreme Court of the state
of New Jersey, will be exposed at public sale, on
Monday, the Twelfth day Of September, next
between the hours of ~ and o'clock, to wit, at
o'clock in the afternoon of SAID day, at the
Court House in the City of Woodbury.. County oil
Gloucester, and State Of New jersey, all the fol
loving described real estate, that is to say
All those two certain lots, tracts or pieces OF
land, situate in the County of Gloucester and
State of New Jersey, bounded and described as
follows
First Tract. Situate in the Borough of Weno-
nal. Beginning at the southeast corner Of West
Jersey Avenue and Cherry Street. and extend
ing ~ in southerly direction along the east
line of West jersey Avenue one hundred and
fifty feet; thence (2) in an easterly direction at
right angles with said West jersey Avenue
seventy-five feet to corner; thence 81 in q
northerly direction parallel with said West Jer
sey Avenue one hundred and fifty feet to the
south line of Cherry Street and thence (4) in q
westerly direction along the same seventy five
feet to the place of begianing, being lot No, il
section Nj, as marked and numbered on 3 mar
of Wenonah, on file in the Gloucester County
Clerks Office, at Woodbury.. being the same
premises which George W. Bailey and wife, bs
deed bearing date March 18th, A. D., 1891, OF
record in the Gloucester County Clerks Office
in Book l65 of Deeds, folio 1856 &C., granted anC
conveyed to the said Samuel Irwin Middleton
Second Tract Situate in the village Of Man
tua. Beginning in the middle of the public
road leading from Carpenters Landing tC
Blrnsboro and corner to John Heritage's lot
and running from thence ~ by said lot south
eighty degrees west three chains and seventy
five links to corner in the line Of late Thomas
Carpenters land thence (2) along the same
north nine and one-half degrees west, one chair
to corner TO Thomas McIlvains land thence
(3) along the same north eighty degrees cas-
three chains and sixty three links to the middle
of the aforesaid public road; thence (4) up sale
road south ten degrees east one chain TO the
place of beginning, containing thirty seven hun
dredths Of an acre, be the same more or less
being the same premises which Samuel D
Lodge, administrator, by deed bearing date May
10th. A. r.. 1885, of record in the Gloucester
County Clerks Office, in Book 1863 of Deeds, iolit
1888, &c, granted and conveyed to the sale
Samuel Irwin Middleton.)
Seized the property of Samuel Irwin Mid
dleton, defendant and taken in execution at the
suit of sundry plaintiffs, and to be sold by
WILLIAM COLLINS,
Jos. j. Summerill, Atty. Sheriff
Dated Aug 10. 1903. Prs fea Sfl 70.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
ANIMAL ODDITIES.

Ornithologists have discovered that
crows have no less than 81 cries, each dis,
tinctly referable to different action.
The bloodhound, it Is claimed, Is not a
ferocious animal; but, ON the contrary, an
exceedingly benevolent one, ranking In
this respect with tho st. Bernard.
Fire will brighten almost any creature,
but it has no terrors for the driver ant,
which will dash at a glowing coal, fix it's
jaws in the burning mass and shriyel up
in the heat,
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
0EIz7,&|!9REEAgNE3
CLEAN MILK.
Plain Talk on Topic Involving Both
Health and Money.

Plain Talk on Topic Involving Both
Health and Money.
In recent address to dairyman and
milk dealers Professor Clinton d. Smith
of the Michigan agricultural college
spoke in plain terms on the subject of
cleanliness. One thing, said he, that
our lady customer notes in the milk we
furnish is freedom from dirt. She does
not like to find in the bottom of the
bowl, as she empties out her mornings
purchase, teaspoonful of black sedi-
ment. l know it is the custom OF milk
men to call that stuff metal rubbed from
the tin can, but it is. in truth, filth that
ought to be in the barnyard. Ihave sold
milk in an eastern town for a good
many months aud know whereof | speak
when / say that this filth in milk can
be almost if not entirely prevented.
To furnish milk free from dirt the
cows must be kept entirely clean as to
their sides and udders. Years ago, be-
fore the invention of the modern styles
of COW stalls, this was practically inn
possible. but in modern times it is not
The point / make is that you cannot
produce clean milk without keeping the
COWS clean. The Importance of this
phase of the SUI ject would warrant me
in spending whole hour on it. Clean
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
[lA!A.. If!R5 zI,In
THE AYRSHIRE COW.
Where She Came From and what i
Claimed For Her.

Where She Came From and What LIS
Claimed For Her.
The Rural New Yorker publishes an
excellent illustration of typical Ayr
shire cow and quotes from the secre-
tary of the Ayrshire Breeders associa-
tion some of the good things that may
be said in favor of this breed. As a
dairy COW the Ayrshire ranks high.
Her milk may not be so rich as that of
the Jersey Or Guernsey, but there is a
large mess of it, and when the cost of
producing pound of milk or butter is
fairly figured out the Ayrshire will gen.
orally be found among the winners. If
those whose business it is to breed them
had half as much confidence i'll their
the Ayrshires would long since have
been up among the leaders in the race
for popularity, for that is certainly
where they belong. This breed of dairy
cattle originated in the county of Ayr,
Scotland, and has been known as a dis
tinct breed for over 100 years. The
source from which they originated is
somewhat obscure, but the general be-
lief is that the native stock of the coun-
try was built up by selection and the help
of some foreign breeds brought in for
the purpose of improving the dairy stock
of the country. There is good reason to
believe that the Teeswater, OF old style
of Durham, was the chief factor in the
establishment of the Ayrshire, for both
resemble the Durham, and the common
report of the country indicates such an
origin.
The county of Ayr is, in its climate
and natural resources, admirably calcu-
lated to originate and foster hardy
and enduring race of cattle, being of
naturally strong and productive soil,
but swept by frequent coast storms of
sufficient severity to try the constitu-
tion Of the most hardy cattle. The nat
ural combination of severe climate and
good food and the Scotch method of
compelling the COWS to roam over the
heath in all weathers was calculated to
develop such traits of constitution and
dairy quality as would fit them for Can
ada and the New England states.
They were introduced into Canada by
the early Scotch settlers and have. ever
been favorite breed in all that north
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
Working Balkx Horses.

When horse has become confirm
ed baker, / believe that in a majority
of cases be may, with proper treatment,
be so far reformed that he may be de-
pended OH with reasonable certainty.
But some mover can, and none of them
can ever be trusted with the same i'm
plicit confidence as one that has never
been spoiled The practice from time
immemorial has been to inhumanly beat
the horse that balks. Generally this is
the very thing that is sure to defeat the
whole scheme Of making a good horse
out of bad one. 1t may make hlm
move that once, but he will not fail to
rebel again at the time when good be-
bayior is most wanted. The man who
cannot read animals well enough to see
where the trouble is would better nave
hut little to do with unruly horses for
there can be no cast iron rules for their
management. National Stockman and
Farmer,
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
STICK TO YOUR BREED.
Some of the Injurious Effects of Violent
Crosses.

Some of the Injurious Effects of Violent
Crosses.
The little Channel islands, says a
correspondent of The Breeders Gazette,
lave blessed and cursed the cattle bust
ness of America. As butter producers
the Jerseys have in few years taken
such rank that every dairyman and
farmer S wife is in love with them. The
farmers wife wants a Jersey to color
the butter of the mongrel and even high
grade Shorthorn herd The Jersey bull
calves have so little value for veal or
for making feeding steers that they can
be bought for less than scrub calves. 1t
is SO easy to get Jersey bull calves and
so difficult to secure good Shorthorn,
Hereford or Angus that the Jersey bulls
are found in Ohio on more farms than
are bulls of any or all beef breeds That
the Jersey blood is impressive is pain
fully evident in every neighborhood.
Not many years ago it was easy to go
out and buy up drove of good, high
grade Shorthorn steers for feeding; now
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
Monday, the Nineteenth day Of September

Monday, the Nineteenth day Of September,
next, between the hours of 12 and o'clock.
to-wt, at O'Clock in the afternoon of said day,
at the Court House, in the City of Woodbury.,
| County OF Gloucester, and State of New jersey,
all the following described Real Estate, that is
| to say:
All that certain lot or piece of land situate at
| Pitman Grove, in the Township of Mantua. in the
County of Gloucester and State of New Jersey,
| de ignated as lot No. on the original map of
Charles Kuhn's building lots and bounded and
described follows Beginning at a corner in the
| Grove tract. and on the north side of the avenue
leading to Myers Mill; thence ~ along the north
| side of said avenue south. seventy two degrees
west three chains and twenty -four links to a
| stone corner in said Grove line and corner to
said Kuhn's other lands; thence (2l along the
| line OF said Kuhn's other land and parallel with
said Turnpike north thirty degrees west, thirty
three feet to the corner of lot No or said plan
thence (S) along the line of No. on a parallel
line with the other lots north sixty degrees east,
| three chains and nineteen links to corner in
the middle of said Turnpike; thence (4) along the
middle of same south thirty degrees east eighty
| feet to the place of beginning.
Containing twenty seven one hundreds of all
| acre, be the same more or less.
| B-ing the same premises which Charles Kuhn
and wife BIZ deed dated May %, 1885, and recorded
| in the Clerks Office of Gloucester county in
Book al OF Deeds, folio 578. granted and con-
| veyed unto the said William II. Tyler in fee.
Seized as the property of William e. Tyler, ct
| ux., defendants. and taken in execution at the
suit of oliver B. Moss, complainant, and to be
| sold hy WILLIAM COLLINS,
| H. Swackhamer, SoPr. Sheriff.
] Dated August 18th, 1898.
| Price for the above advertisement. SO CO.,
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
Calculatinp witbout the Cow.

Those dairymen who are keeping only
good COWS with records of 6, 600 pounds
of milk or more i'll year and are try
ing to have them come fresh in October
or November that they may have sup
ply of milk in winter, knowing that
milk and butter sell at higher prices
then, and hoping therefore for better
profits, must remember that it will not
be SO easy to dry off good COW when in
good pasture i'll August and September
as it would be il she were being fed in
a cold barn on dry hay in February or
March A belief on the part of the
owner that she should have two months
rest from milk producing before her
calf is dropped will not persuade her to
stop it if she is built that way and her
feed is such as stimulates milk produc-
ton. American Cultivator.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08

ern country. At a somewhat later period
they were introduced into New Eng
land by the Massachusetts Society For
the Promotion of Agriculture and by a
few private individuals in New Eng
land and the middle states. They
were found to be a desirable breed of
cattle of wonderful dairy quality and
unusual hardness and in every way
adapted to the needs Of the dairyman,
except that they had short teats, the re-
suit of selection and breeding in Scot
land where, the milking being done by
women, the preference was naturally
for small teats, but i'll America the
milking is done by men who want a
long, large teat that they can easily grasp
with the full hand. This was a serious
objection to the Ayrshire. and in spite
of her great dairy ability she became
unpopular with all but her best friends,
who believed that the defect might be
remedied. The Scotch have continued
the general type of the original breed,
with blocky, compact body and short
teats, and the Canadians have closely
followed the home type of Scotland,
but the breeders of the United States
have changed the Objectionable cllarac-
teristics and produced a type of this
breed that fits them for the needs of our
dairymen without sacrificing the dairy
quality.
There is today a marked difference
between the Scotch type and the type in
the United States The Scotch and the
Canadian cattle have whittier, larger
horns, smaller and more compact
bodies, a smaller and better shaped I'D
der, with shorter and smaller teats,
while the breeds of the United States
have sacrificed the nonessentials and
built up the strictly useful. While our
Ayrshires may to Scotch eye lack in
symmetry they excel in dairy qualities,
and are what the dairymen demand,
hardy, useful, everyday cows.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08

The number Of butter producing cows
in various countries has been estimated
by French economist, who says that
there are in France 6, 700, 600, in the
United Kingdom 4. 600, 900, in Germany
Q. O87, 600, in Denmark 1000, 900 and
in Austria 4, 264, 900.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1898-09-08
TO CREDIToRs.

Joseph H. Master, administrator OF the estate
of Joseph L Kelley. deceased, by direction of
the Surrogate of the County of Gloucester, here
by gives notice to the creditors of the said
Joseph T. Kelley, deceased, to bring in their
debts, claims and demands against the estate Of
said decedent, under oath or affirmation, within
nine months from this date, or they will be for
ever barred of any action therefore against said
administrator.
JOSEPH H. MASTER.
Dated August 9, 1851