The record-union., 1898-10-09

and preservation of physical health are
immutable.
To illustrate this argument, Professor
Gunton takes the questions which pro-
woke issues between capital and labor,
saying that the law Of capital demands
investment only when there is reason
able assurance Of profit, and this is de-
pendent upon consumption of products.
One can sell only when some one buys.
Capital aids production then for
purpose, and that is to make capital
prosperous. The education Of capital
should be therefore to make its handler
favorable to all policies and influences
which tend to permanently increase the
power of consumption among the peo-
pie, and hence every influence that
raises the standard of living and ere
ates a demand for more and better
things and a greater variety of them
is a contribution to the possibility Of
profitable investment
The complaint is that the capital
ist sees too often only the next inch,
and that is, that his profits can be
increased by lowering the wages of his
employees. This, it is held, discloses the
direction in which political education
must go on that side
On the other hand, if laborers should
see-and this is a part of their political
education-that:
Capital cannot permanently keep the
wealth it produces, that just as fast
as one capitalist creates a wide mar
gin of profit the very principle of COM
petition which inspires every other cap
italist to share any large profits be-
gins to operate; and the new device or
invention or discovery or superior
method Of organization which he en-
ployed is Immediately sought by his
competitors also. In fact, whatever re-
suits in producing a wide margin of
profit, creates a possibility of other
capitalists participating in the profit.
This process always results in lowering
the price to the community, and in this
way giving it, not TO the particular
laborers who work for the particular
capitalist, but to all the laborers and
all the consumers Of the whole COM
munity. Also this capitalistic invention
which makes nature yield more wealth,
furnishes a fund and possible source
from which laborers can demand higher
wages.
If, he holds, laborers could only see
that this is the real movement of capt.
talistic development, instead Of trying
to pull down capital by legislation and
hamper its effort to expand enterprise,
they would recognize that the capital
ist is a specialist in the community,
whose function is to make nature yield
more abundantly, and without which
increased consumption and greater So
cial welfare would be impossible; that
capital is, unconsciously, perhaps,
servant of the people, creating the fund
from which the institutions of a higher
social life and the possibilities of a bet
ter civilization can be drawn, we would
have a basis-with this clear seeing on
both sides-for radical and wholesome
changes in the direction Of safe public
policy in the domain Of industry
This line is followed in the argument
ing the truth that the success of the
capitalist depends primarily upon the
social conditions Of laboring people,
so that this condition Isl both the source
and end of social advance. Social and
industrial development, and the attain
ment Of higher community ends, then,
are dependent upon mutual and inter-
acting forces, which ought to be har
monious, and will be the more so, as
political enlightenment through true
general political education is promoted.
This education is not to be had in the
grammar school, but is to be helped on
by local study and examination in
groups of people voluntarily entering
upon it. Nor is It to be had in col
leges, he holds, because too few get
there It is education for the millions,
who must ba reached directly and sim
ply and In such a way that the ques-
tions can be studied without going
through a cumbersome curriculum of
subjects for which they have no prac
tical use. He believes that such a
method is coming into vogue rapidly
and that il should be encouraged by all
who believe in the need of high stand
ard Of citizenship in our land.
In this we find very little, if anything,
to dissent from. If truth is strength
ened by itslstudy and examination, and
it's fruits are promoted in growth by
dispassionate debate then such meth
DDS Of political education are certainly
to be encouraged as will give the larg-
est possible number insight into it.
It cost $4,000 to raise the Spanish
cruiser Maria Theresa. 1t is semi Off
cially determined that 1t will cost
! $500 900 to completely repair and arm
her She will then be worth $500, 900.
| Balance to credit of the genius and
| oo,,,-a ere of iat1taTo11f IJnbvop c-- !.