davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

Crawford Edgar ". Kay MARION nut,
r cs, " In 4 e Wadsworth. Caroline.
Grsen Walter R. Wells, Fanny.
Gross John L. West; 1e9 N,
Harrison. Sarah T. MhsIen III "
Jelin. Mary. "'s"" ~
p,ncrr-sudderly n. his residence, No 300 West seIh-
Colonel Wam W W bss At 5is late residence on
Friday December 10. at p. m
BRlcE-At his residence No. G9s s,h-ave on THURSDAY
Notice OF funeral hereafter
BRIsTOw-s suddenly. on Tuesday. December 49, George
,rycns at the Church Of Holy Faith leoh
st. nea- I.os;on-ave.. Friday morning December 10
Residence corner Ioeth-sr and Forestawe.
pRYAN-On THURSDAY December IS saah hrysn Sq p.
ored FOR fortyone years most tatnlu' ou, h rand
daughter Mrs. John p. ireland.
CAvERLY-on Wednesday December Il. Juila A. cav
sg in sy G sa AZ y ne s.sncs II her brother
'ThF' cavery. 4, % pauison Passaic J. on
Erie Ere" Railroad via cnamberss,. at p. m
coLwEI-on wctneseay December H. Catherine s,i',
sT I'M r coEs 's go y Vest s S'fGS ~
Funeral $50 O'clock Friday evening
Inerment a convenience Of family
wsdGe';day c DECEMBER pl a.
terworth Edgar Mortimer crawford In the 18Th year OF
Fa n services held sau.aay Dsce,nssr II
Internient at convenience OF family.
Walden orange county, " l., on De-
center - 1898. David :. Cro"eii o,,
Funeral services from the Firdt Presbyterian church
Newark j. Friday. n II A. m
Relatives meet at late residence No 10 Cedar ST. al
l0:l5.
FAY-At her home No. AL Greene-ave. Brooklyn. De
cerher IA is,s Retsey Ann Fay daughter Of the late
stephen smith and wife q the Rev. Dr. cyrus H. Fay
IN the 18th year Of her age . -
urera services late residence on Friday Deeem-
her iG a: o'clock p. m
In,erment private
GpAy-on Wednesday December -. 1895, in the ssth
o. John A. G. Gray ,.A go.
Funeral a. his late rrsidence NO Vs "'"a'-
IN SATURDAY morning. at 1890 oc"ck
cprrS-rr New-York city. Wednesday. Decemse, i.
is.s Walter Richards. youngest Of Frank and mary
y Green. aged 10 years .. ,..... c,u-cb
Funeral services will be held al ST Luxe ohur 80
Soroton Conn Saturday. December ~ az 90 u.
Carriages will he awaiting the arrvai OF i]o| UNI"
from New-York
cposs-On Wednesday December H. lsas AZ ms resi-
s.nce No 100 l7hst. in the $50 year Oh "' "s''
John l.. Gross
Funeral private.
u,pprsoS-A, Orange ~. J.. on "Wednesday. becefho"r
" "a sarah e. wife Of Dr. Alfred j nAfts s,,.,
r,,rs,.I on saturday December IL. from Al ra'",s
."eurch corner u Valley and Forest Sts. AZ p m on
a,rival Of ~ from Sew-fork al hikhiahoa'e
x,a,ton D. 1. and W X. X.
rrisnd. are requested to 60 directly To the chufen
kindly omit nOwers.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16
POstofnce Notice.

London and Paris Toilet Novelties for the
season our own importation. CASWELL. MASSEY d
New Yor and Newport
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16
DIED.

Notice. OF marriages and deaths must be en-.
dorsed with full name and address.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16
VETERAN ACTOR DEAD.

London Dec. I5.-Walter Lacy. veteran ae''i
the Phelps Kean period. is dead
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16
beautiful Art from Jnpa n

Beautf1uI MI Iro;i Jnp"n'
Mr. Takayanagi has completed his preparation
FOR the HOLIDAYS and hat early visit will
afford better opportunities select the choicest and
rsrest specimens of old and new Arts CT japan. juss
received from Toxic and Kioto.
TOTO TAKAYANAGI,
East Sixteenth street n. Y.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

There is no foundation whatsoever FOR me fepo',
that Miss Marie Huntington. daughter OF M. "'o
Mrs Charles r. Huntington, and grandcauhn'' ~ y.
Daniel Huntington. IL engaged 10 Ma ga W
Buren, % FishkiIl on he HUDSON.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

DIED.
uadro, william W 1eary. Charles 4.
rts .I,'in Little Meribsh I.
i,i'.u. canr.aE Lockwood. Frederick W
BRYAN. Isaiah MANS. bsHlI. III
S,o,rou Catherine T. Olcott Emily s
|.r.' ravd PereFo Ira K.
r.lg,r Marion p
IN, &c. Sattertnwaite, Lille L.
r"y, ~, A = Wadsworth. Caroline.
60, Waiter 2 Wells Fanny.
60. 49, West George
E ,,s 80 ea-ob r Whalen. Nora.
ia lii~ 80 "a az 49, Wright Le,a N.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

The first meeting % the Friday Evening 4an0lis
Acxarier NJ MADDEN will lead the cotillon
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16
MR. pEPEw TALKS FOR YALE.

cbauncev NJ Depew came into the din!ng-room
Will Mr. Mah.e was speaking. When he was IN
,roduced TO talk for Yale he was greeted win
.1-hree cheers for the successor OF Edward Mu'-
nhv. ir.. in the United States Senate Mr De dph
s W ne had been making remarks about Re-.
cent event But. anyhow. Yale hhd pnoso oi
~ success on one side and defeat on the otnet
would lead 10 Undue discouraettine,n., ,iIo 10Y
With which Harvard hailed her vicors re ,s K' INV
roa .n,hracing every girl who carried crimson
sag Mr. Depew set his hearers into roar Dy NE ns
trat no Mar had disappeared. Just az prssenI te
ma snid h. md been studying the material II ne
should probably have chance TO study the Sent"
mental. ,,. ,rion.aa W. Danew 70.
snonaing 70 the toast University Extension IN the
Field OF Medicine"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

Cards are ont for the marriage OF Miss Mary
Eizabe,h daughter OF Frank r. Chambers OF the
firm OF Rogers. Peet & Co. to William Clark RAY
kins 70 take place at Crows Nest bronx s'"e, -
m homo ~ the brides parents; on the e ,
irg Of Deccmber % = reception VIII ioHo"' io"'
s TN 10 30 o c!OCt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

The rnarrie-, OF Miss Edith Sage Hamerslcy 10
Henry Earl B,scOl. L. :. y. took place on
day az The rome OF the brides parents MI. anu
Mr. revfs = uarocrs!ey. No 5l2 IVES. End-ave
Ony'relatires mere present at the ceremony whicn
was performed Nv the Res. John Prescott a ss',l
0, tho bride was married several Hoh'"s "e' "
Robert b Roosevelt IT, Of this city.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

A..
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1898-12-16

The enra cement Is announced OF MISS hol'h
7v.s.hrook daughter of T. s Westbrook. OF Am
SEDAN - Thomas l. Sinclaire. son OF Thomas H.
Sirciaire OF this city.
Sistersville oil review. [volume] (Sistersville, W. Va.) 1896-1901, 1898-08-10
HOW TO FIND OUT.

Fill bottle or common glass
with urine and let it stand twenty
four hours; sediment or settling
indicates an unhealthy condition of
the kidneys. When urine stains
linen it is positive evidence of kid
ney trouble. Too frequent desire to
urinate or pain in the back, is also
convincing proof that the kidneys
and bladder are out of order.
WHAT TO DO.
There is comfort in the knowledge
so often expressed, that DR.. Kilmer's
Swamp Root, the great kidney REM
edy, fulflls every wish in relieving
pain in the back, kidneys, liver,
bladder and every part of the urin-
airy passages. 1t corrects inability
to hold urine and scalding pain in
passing it, or bad effects following
use of liquor, wine or beer, and over
comes that unpleasant necessity of
being compelled to get up many
times during the night to urinate.
The mild and the extraordinary
effect of Swamp Root is soon real
lied. 1t stands the higher for its
wonderful cures of the most dis
tressing cases. If you need medi-
cine you should have the best. Sold
by druggists, Price fifty cents and
one dollar. You may have sam
pie bottle and pamphlet sent free
by mail, upon RECEIPT of three two
cent stamps to cover cost of postage
on the bottle. Mention Sistersville
Weekly Oil Review and send your
address to DR.. Kilmer & Co., Bing-
hampton, N. Y. The proprietor OF
this paper guarantees The genine-
ness of this offer.
Sistersville oil review. [volume] (Sistersville, W. Va.) 1896-1901, 1898-08-10

collected and disbursed by the sheriff IN the var
ious districts of the county during the nscai
year beginning June Ist, 1897, towit:
cENTERvILLE DISTRICT.
Amount of levy charged for the year 81 500 "a
ouent lands. S 81
500 70
,,epr-psr,,rSrs -opDERs OF COUNTY COURT
Sistersville oil review. [volume] (Sistersville, W. Va.) 1896-1901, 1898-08-10
Farms for Sale.

now have $50 farms for sale in
the garden belt of Ohio, and 100
of them belong to persons who are
compelled to sell. 1 have any
sized farm you want, and have
some of the finest improved farms
in the state. I can sell you farms
at prices that they will rent to net
= per cent on the investment. Ad-
dress w. P. Haines, Farm Broker,
Urbana, Ohio. I3-Iw-d-w-*
Sistersville oil review. [volume] (Sistersville, W. Va.) 1896-1901, 1898-08-10
MONTHLY OIL REPORT.
Operations in Trenton Rock
Field For July.
s64 WELLS COMPLETED
Increase in Nearly All Qnarters-NO
Dangerous Symptoms The Daily
Output DeclinInS-The Drill Must be
Urged-GenerSl Review.

The pulse of the oil trade beats
more satisfactorily than it did one
month ago. There are signs Of i'm,
provemeuts. There has been an
increase in the number of wells
completed which lends encourage
ment to supply dealers and Ger
tainly largely benefits the labor ele-
ment. Those who have kept tab
on the Commercials daily state
ments are already posted regarding
the progress of new operations.
They have been informed of this
increase in advance.
But there is a feature OF the out
come to which the trade may not as
sign sufficient importance. This is
the TACT that, Notwithstanding new
wells are increasing in large num-
bers each month, and the business
generally exhibits symptoms of
renewed life and activity, the daily
output has not suffered any in
crease. There must be cause for
this; usually the multiplication of
the number of completed wells each
month forces an output in produc-
ton. At present the case seems to
be reversed. We have increased
operations with declining yield.
The, Ohio and Indiana fields
seem to have passed their zenith.
1t will be impossible by any chance
to elevate the daily output to, and
maintain it at its former position.
This must be due to the fact that
the rock pressure is waning
throughout the entire oil producing
area. Large wells even when OBJ
tanned in remote localities do not
maintain the credit ascribed to
similar strikes of the past. They
decline mitch more speedily. The
average Of the wells on the whole
grows less with every returning
moon. At present it is but little
above two barrels to the well, tax
ing both states together.
The present rush of the drill
therefore should bring with it no
calamitous forebodingS. On the
other hand it is welcomed as fore
shadowing season of general pros
perity throughout the region. The
advance of 4 cents a barrel of
recent dates has inspired hope for
still greater things in this direction.
Il is, of course, admitted that the
prices now paid are in a measure
gratuitous offerings of the CONTROL.
ing authorities. But there is this
other feature of the case: If the
drill is not urged and the produc-
ton increased from its present
standpoint even the mighty arm of
the Standard will be powerless to
prevent a speedy upward move
ment. The daily output of the
east has fallen materially. The
runs have declined from more than
10000 barrels day to about TO-
900. This means much to the
producers. The daily runs and
shipments with which all are
familiar in Ohio and Indiana are
yet largely effective in reducing
stocks. 1t is therefore with feel
ings Of satisfaction the Commercial
this morning makes the following:
SUMMARY OLE OPERATIONS
Sistersville oil review. [volume] (Sistersville, W. Va.) 1896-1901, 1898-08-10

S5,2oS Fl 3,2oS 27
ROAD LEVY COLLECTED AND Discussed
The following is statement of the road levy
Sistersville oil review. [volume] (Sistersville, W. Va.) 1896-1901, 1898-08-10

same interest on order 4'o5
same extra labor i'll No. 9 81 81
Hardware Supply Co. scraper
for No. 7........................... 90
Haines, J s. S A Crimes,
material for and building
bridge in No. 5..............." 2o IS
Henthorn, James, extra labor
in No. S............................ : 90
Henthorn, Peter, extra labor
IN NO. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 90
Harten, John w, use of team
and extra labor in No. S.. 80
Holmes, Harvey, lumber and
labor in No. 4................... oS
Hunt, Thomas, lumber i'll No.
o................ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 9 oS
Ice, A y, assignee of VIM Sill
der, extra labor in No. S.. 90
Ice, E K, assignee of J KIM
bic and others, extra labor IS 50
same interest on order. 6S
Ice. K NJ, extra labor use Of
team, etc. in No. 4........... 1875 so
Ice, E Il assignee OF James
Bailey, extra labor in No.
Observation-Disclosures. 5 IS
Ice. 4 VI. extra labor and use
team in No. 4.;.....:............. I35 90 .
Ice, NJ, extra labor in No S. 2 50
Ice, y 2. extra labor in No. l.. IS
Jacobs. Joseph, extra labor Ill
y I
Kirchncr, w l., plOw and one
dozen pillow points for No.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 10 ~
same interest OH order. 80
Kimble, Harvey, use of team
and extra labor in Nos. 8
and OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. % so
Kimble, John, extra labor III
No. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. IS
Kimble, David, extra labor i'll
No. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. : 50
KimbIe, w II, extra labor and
use Of team i'll No. S......... p 90
Kimble, Uriah, extra labor
and use of team III No. TO-. ~ 90
Kerby, Ed use of team and
for 40 cross ties for No. s.. IS 50
Kerby, James, extra labor i'll
No. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 90
Kelch, Milroy, 1864 feet of
lumber for No, 2.............. II IS
Kimble, w II, use OF team i'll
No.. Observation-Disclosures. b 90
same extra labor and use
of team in No. S.............. p 90
Kelcir, Mi roy, repairs to road
plUw for No. 2......-........... IL
Lewis, J L, 1000 feet lumber
and 20 pounds spikes for
No. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. ~ 90
Lazear, ] L, lumber for NO. g.. IS
Lewis J l., nails etc, for No.
S......,....................... ) 10
same I.2IS feet of lumber
for No and for extra la
Dor in NO. S....................... IS II
same 500 feet of lumber
for NO. Io......................... 10 IS
I>azear. J L, dressing road
tools for NO. 4.................. S.
Lewis, A. lumber for NO. 49,. AZ
Moore, Gambia, 1000 feet Of
lumber for no. IE.....""... II 90
COutin ned OH fIh Page.
Sistersville oil review. [volume] (Sistersville, W. Va.) 1896-1901, 1898-08-10
THE OUTLOOK.

On the whole the outlook may
be considered favorable to a better
state of things in the oil trade Of
the entire country, To intercept
the tide it will be necessary to-
make new and important discover
les. These are, perhaps, more La
bic to occur in West Virginia than
in Ohio or Indiana, though the lat
ter state possesses greater posi-
bilities at the present time than her
Trenton rock sister.-Toledo Com
mercia1.
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1898-10-28
A GREAT LOCOMOTIVE
Doctor Raub Claims to Have Effected Wonder.
full Economics and to Have Increased
Their Efficiency

The run by rail between New York
and Washington is soon to be reduced
TO three hours This revolution in
railway travel is to be brought about
by the Baltimore and Ohio railway
company by means of new lOcomo-
tive, invented by DR.. d. c. Raub. The
Baltimore and Ohio railroad is to be
equipped with the engines as rapidly
IS they can be built A speed OF eigh-
ty-two miles an hour has been at
tanned, the run between Port Jervis
and Jersey City on the Erie railroad.
So miles, being run in au hour and
y minutes, including seven minutes
for stops. Doctor Raub gives the fol-
lowing interesting account of the evo-
luton of the new locomotive. and
description of it: Looking for SYM
metry of construction and stability of
movement as the first requisites of a
perfect engine, and in order to deter
mine which engines possesses these
properties in the highest degree, |
hung a series of them from a large
crane. / found that all were out of bal
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1898-10-28

the battle, mention is made Of q Span
ish soldier Of the First Battalion OF
Cazadores, who, watching the conflict
from the city walls, shut his teeth and
cried: If Holy Mary would turn that
sea into land the yankees would find
cut how we can charge IL double time"
Bounding BillOw quotes the remark
OF an American sailor. who. on reading
the article. said The Lord help him
he'll be praying for another forty
day food when Merritt and MS troops
arrive"
These copies of Bounding Billow
were sent by Burl Armstrong. son Of
Leroy Armstrong OF this city. vino left
American shores on the McCulloch
when that vessel started around the
world, and was side tracked" at Ma
Mia by the breaking out CT hOstilities.
The Billow has political views also.
1t saws. our candidates: For president
IN 1900 VIM Mckinley, W. j. Bryan,
take your choice.
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1898-10-28

nor oscillates. By unique arrange
ment of the boiler flueS the waste prod
ucts of combustion are used as fuel.
Two tubular boilers are provided with
return fiues which by radiation super
heat the steam within the boiler. The
smokestack is really only a draught
and an outlet for exhaust steam, for it
never emits smoke or sparks The en-
gineer stands in the middle of the en-
CINE" The Raub engine was tested
on the Erie railroad for several
months. In his report upon it General
Superintendent J. II. Barrett says, in
part: can Erie engine of II. 400 pounds
of tractive force failed to move a train
of 240 tons of weight, when the Raub
engine of but 1000 pounds Of tractive
force went away with it without any
difficulty The RauD engine raised
$50 pounds OF steam within fifty-six
minutes and with but 1,500 pounds of
bituminous coal, while each of several
Erie engines required two and a half
hours of time and three tons Of coal TO
raise 125 pounds of steam. The Raub
engine made occasionally eighty-two
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1898-10-28

From Chicago News: AS an exam
pie OF eXultant journalism. Bounding
BillOw the organ Of Admiral Dewev's
men-of-Warsrnan. printed on board the
flagship Olympia, is possibly the most
decided type that issues from q press
III the dreamy orient. Copies OF the
fifth number OF the publication, replete
with patriotic editorials and stirring
battle songs. have reached Chicago and
show that the larse Of weeks since the
tars OF the Pacific squadron added
new troubles TO the burden Of Uncle
Sans statesmen have not tempered
their Joyous spirits or the elatiCn over
their prowess. From title page to the
last epic Bounding Billow is replete
with victorious chronicles Of the sail
ors' achievements. coupled with not a
little valuable information concerning
the exact movements of the American
and Spanish squadrons before and dur
ing the famous battle.
The paper is a well-printed pamphlet
OF sixteen pages, a model typograph-
lcally and with well-written contents.
The title-page is executed in colors,
the first illustration being the liberty
bell, mounted on two S-inch guns and
draped with the national emblem. An
American eagle perched on the globe,
with laurel branches on either side. is
surrounded by the black-letter inscrip-
ton, We came, we saw. we con-
quered"
Bounding BLOW is edited by L. S.
Young and printed by H. B. Glover.
both Of the fagship The editorial
announcement states that it is pub
hshed at intervals in the interest of
American men-o'-warsmen. The fifth
number details the movements of Dew
ey's ship from the time of the depar-
tire from Mrs Bay until the last Span
ish ship was sunk. General Basilio
AuguStin Y pavilaA bombastic procla-
nation to the Philippines is reprinted
with the caustic address In answer de-
ljvered by the editor on the Olympia's
gun deck. \ translation Of the Diario
de Manila's account OF the battle, ac
NoHpdHitu b9 eullOIldl continent, Is Ill
interesting feature of the issue. There
is a poem dedicated to Mason of Illi
nois," which begins:
Hail patriot, Columbias sons that sail
the mighty sea
Accord these thanks for thy brave
stand fer war and liberty.
In the Di3rio de Manila'S account OF
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1898-10-28
The Latest story About Verdi.

Here IS a charming story about YER
di, just hot from Italy. A farmer, liv-
ing in the depths of the country, was
very DESTROYS to hear one of the illus
trious composers operas. So, better
late than never. he took his ticket.
travelled up to Milan. and. securing a
good seat. heard Aida" He was very
much disappointed. and wrote to Yer
di to say so. adding that he did not like
the music at all, and that under these
circumstances he hoped that Verdi
would see the reasonableness of at
once returning him his money. There
was his railway fare, his ticket of ad
mission. and his supper at Milan, for
which he inclosed the bill. The grand
old maestro entered fully into the hui
NOR of the situation. He wrote back a
polite letter regrettipg that his music
had failed to please, inclosing the rail-
way fare and the price of admission.
But he added that. as the farmer would
have had tC provide himself with sup
per at home, he could not admit the
Justice of that part of his claim. d
he absolutely declined to pay for / $
supper at Milan
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1898-10-28

miles per hour with ten laden Condo
las, 300 tons, and neither pounded nor
oscillated unduly nor discharged any
live sparks, cinders. ashes, gas or
smoke"
Mr.. Barrett conceded to the Raub
engine the following gains:
Fuel. so per cent; freight power
40 per cent; of wear and tear. 60 per
cent"
The Raub locomotive compares # is
claimed, as follows with the ordinary
type:
Ordniary-Weight rs to so tons.
coal consumption, 165 pounds Der mile
steam maintained. 125 pounds: speed
per hour, 80 to 60 miles; cost $40 600
to $4,000; market price, $4,000 to
$4,000.
Raqb-Weight, IS to so tons, with
water and coal; coal consumption. 35
pounds per mile; steam maintained
1876 pounds: speed per hour. so to
100 miles; cost. $4,000; market price,
$4,000.
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1898-10-28

tive, as to admonish the most conser-
yative action.
The war has put upon the nation
grave responsibilities. Their extent
was not anticipated and could not have
been we'll fOreseen. We cannot escape
the obligations of victory We cannot
avoid the serious questions which have
been brought home 10 US by the
achievements of our arms on land and
sea.
I'VE are bound in conscience to keep
and perform the covenants which the
war has sacredly sealed with mankind.
Accepting war for humanity's sake. we
must accept all obligations imposed
upon us.
The war with Spain was undertaken
not that the United States should in
crease its territory, but that oppres-
sion at our very doors should be
stopped. This noble sentiment must
continue TO animate us, and we must
give to the world the full demonstra-
ton of the sincerity of our purpose.
Duty determines destiny. Destiny
which results from duty performed
may bring anxiety and perils, but new
er failure and dishonor. 1t is not
within the power of man to foretell
the future and to solve unerringly it's
mighty problems. Almighty God has
His plans and methods for human
progress, and not infrequently they
are shrouded for the time being in i'm
penetrable mystery. Looking back
ward we can see how the hand of des-
tiny builded for us and assigned us
tasks whose full meaning was not APP