Evening star., 1898-07-12
by his own industry certain wholes which

by his own industry certain wholes which
add to his happiness and comfort
These synthetic occupations cause a
richer life and give a better balanced
cesses Of acquiring knowledge which
Others have gained. In giving TO the child
all that the race has acquired, the teacher
takes away the desire and the power
which is his birthright. to add by his own
activity something to this sum total.
This paper was discussed by Miss Bow
man of the Ohio State University, Ohio.
Manual Training In Horticulture
Manual Training in Horticulture" by
Prof r. Lazenby of the University of
Ohio, Columbus. followed Miss Richards
paper:
''lt is generally conceded that there are
three quite distinct factors in any we'll
rounded system of education These are
knowledge, training and culture. In other
words, to know something to do some
thing and to be something comprises
large part of the duty of man" He
thought there was too much teaching and
too little training. Our present rational
crisis had demonstrated that the manual
as well mental training that Is given by
our military and naval schools is Just what
pest hts our youth FOR eminence and re-
nown as military or naval mmanGer
But If this be true for the art of war it
cannot be any less true for the peaceful
arts and great industries of cur times.
training in horticulture. The hammer and
the saw should be, supplemented by the
hoe and the rake: the budding knife and
the pruning shears, as well as the plane
and chisel. should be used to educate the
hand and eye.
A discussion of this paper followed. led
by President George T. Fairchiid of the
State Agricultural ast College, Manhattan,
Kan. President Fairchild believed there
was such thing as Manual Training in
Horticulture" Horticulture shows. as few
things do, how nature handles her powers
Its pursuit by children opens up a world Of
activity. 1t touches the whole system of
geology, and how we should teach geogra-
ply. 1t Is also adapted to every age and
here it is where nature study at first hand
has an opportunity to permeate our whole
school system.
Prof George A. Robbins of Chicago. as
chairman of a committee appointed a year
ago, read report upon "Hindrances and
Helps to Manual Training and Industrial
Education" He considered it under topics
OF inefficient supervision the engaging of
mechanics for teachers, the employment of
unframed teachers. how it's advocates re-
tard, the conservatism of teachers, the dis
respect for manual training and the lack
of funds. The influences which have pro-
moted manual training in the past have
been state and national aid, private en-
terprise, educational associations, trained
teachers and public exhibitions.
The meeting adjourned at 2 pm. Wed
iiCSuoy, oitci appointing Ol the 1OlIOWlnS
nominating committee: Charles R. Rich
ards, New York; w. R. LaZenby, Column
bus, Ohio; Charles A. Bennett, Peoria, Ill.
Interesting Exhibits.
The hall was prettily decorated with
flags and bunting and Towering plants.
Around the sides of the room We're arrang-
ed exhibits of woodwork, bent iron, forge
work, saving, mechanical and free-hand
drawing. Among the schools making an
exhibit wele the Pratt Institute, Brooklyn,
N Y; Baltimore Polytechnic Rochester
Athenaeum, Rochester, N. Y; Jacob Tome
Institute, Fort Deposit, Md; Townsend In
dustrial School, Newport, r. l.. West
Brook, Me, grammar schools; the public
schools of East Orange, N. j.; Hoboken,
N. j., and Brockton, Mass. The city
schools were well represented in the vari-
Gus lines Of manual training and domestic
arts.