davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The herald., 1898-05-08
HISTORICAL

The state of Georgia was given it's
name in honor of George II. of England,
who here established a colony in1732.
The Goldfish over the speakers desk in
the Massachusetts house of representa-
tives was first placed in position January
II, 1898.
Ponce de Leon, the Spanish navigator,
made the discovery of the land which he
afterwards named Florida, on Easter
Sunday, March 27, 1913.
The annexation of Texas cost the United
States s1OOOO,OOO. Texas was formerly
one Of the united Mexican states, having
gained her independence April %, 1886, the
amount of purchase being paid in bonds,
which amount was to be applied to the
liquidation of her public debt.
The first temperance candidate for the
presidency on national ticket was James
Black, nominated in convention held at
Columbus, O., February 20, 1872. The
platform declaration of principles claim
ed the traffic in intoxicating beverages
a dishonor to Christian civilization and
legal wrong, and suppression only af-
fected when legal prohibition in both state
and national.
In exchange for Havana and part of
Cuba which had been captured by the
British in 1852 Florida was ceded to Great
Britain February 10, 1853, France con-
firming to Great Britain at the time all
Spanish possessions east of the Mississip-
pi with the exception of the disputed
island of Orleans. Great Britain by treaty
January 20, 1888, ceded to Spain east
Florida and west Florida south of the
thirty-first parallel.
At the election Of Washington to the
presidency of the United States, the gen.
eral being at Mount Vernon, Va, consid-
cradle time was necessary to advise him
Of his election. Washipgtons journey
The herald., 1898-05-08
IN THE PUBLIC EYE

Kid Mccoy, the pugilist, since his mar
riage has decided to study medicine and
become surgeon. He will settle'in Buff
falo, NY.
The late DR.. Cornelius N. Hoaglund of
Brooklyn, who made a fortune out of
baking POWDER gave over $25O,0O0 to ed
ucational and charitable institutions.
w. S. Green, the new state treasurer of
California, was born in Kentucky and
went to the golden state in 1S49. He has
held many positions of trust and at pres
ent is the editor of a newspaper at
Colusa.
James S. T. Stranahan, "the first citi-
zen of Brooklyn" celebrated his ninetieth
birthday April 26th. Notwithstanding
his advanced age, his intellect is unim-
paired and he takes as keen an interest
as ever in what is going on inl his state
and country.
George Cabot Lodge, son Of United
States Senator Lodge Of Massachusetts,
told his father he should go to war in some
capacity despite paternal opposition.
The senator capitulated and secured him
an appointment as acting ensign on the
auxiliary cruiser Dixie.
Rev. Edward Everett Hale is to be
credited with another epigram. In re-
cent sermon he said it would be a great
thing If this country could be aroused to
the duty Of silence when it had nothing to
say. Nevertheless, DR.. Hale says it Is the
duty of all to fall in, now that the die is
cast.
Captain Schley, commander Of the fly
ing squadron, came near joining the Con-
federate forces during the civil war. He
had just returned from trip to Japan,
being a midshipman. Before landing he
announced he would cast his lot with the
south, but after consulting his father,
who was a strong uniomman, he changed
his mind.
John Bassett Moore, professor of inter
national law and diplomacy in Columbia
university, who has just been appointed
assistant secretary of state, is recog-
nized authority In his field and in addi-
tion to his admitted ability and great
learning, he brings to his position the re-
suit Of active work in the state depart
ment under three administrations. Dur
ing a part of his previous service in
Washington it is understood that the
brunt of the work of the state department
fell to Professor Moore.
The herald., 1898-05-08
Poet Plowboy of Pigeon Roost

In the letter in which he nominates him.
self for governor of Georgia the One-Eyed
'Poughboy of Pigeon Roost bursts into
this beautiful classic salvo:
Athens. classic Athens, venerable
Athens, nursery Of scholars, jurists and
statesmen, proposes, as Of yore, to stand
sponsor for me. thank her. She shall
be my sponsor and God being my helper,
I will never bring the blush Of shame to
the chesk of my godmother."
| What is the Ploughboy doing in vener-
able Athens? Never mind. The Gains
Vile Eagle, which is published in his
town, sees in him "the conscience Of the
Puritan and the gallantry of the cava-
lier," and declares that "the time for the
renaissance of tle homely virtues Is at
hand. Hear the joyous strain:
"In this day Of cliques and rings and
states and cheap politicians, how refresh
ing is the term, the Ploughboy Of Pigeon
Roost.' This shibboleth will wake the
echoes from Rabun's heights to Tybee's
lights"
In Georgia the plough, or this particu-
lar plough, is sped to the sound of music
and poetry.-New York Sun.
The herald., 1898-05-08

north was slow, owing to ovations. and
upon his arrival at New York delay in
the ceremony of Inauguration in getting
Federal hall in readiness, was occasioned,
so that it was not until April 30th that
everything was in shape for his being
sworn into office. John Adams took the
oath of the vice-presidency on Aprip21st.
At the meeting of the continental con-
gress, after the election and title of the
president had been discussed, the salary
CT this officer was another source of dis
cussion in congress, in view of the fact
that the constitution declared that the
president should receive compensation
for his services. Washington had said
that he did not wish salary. The Limit
suggested by congress ranged from $15,-
900 to $4,000. 1t was finally placed at $25.-
900. This remained the presidents salary
until Grants second term March 3, 1879.
when it was increased to $50, 900.
The herald., 1898-05-08

and the heads of departments with their
clerks and assistants. System Is every
thing here and this is essential, otherwise
everything would be soon in confusion.
The divers apparatus and appliances To-
Gated in the several offices are very in
teresting. There is a board in the office
Of the chief engineer, for instance, which
shows at glance every detail of the roll
ing stock. You or might not understand
it, but the chief engineer does. which is
more to the purpose. On the board every
line is represented and every car the COM
pany has in use is shown by a miniature
model. AS the cars are transferred from
one line to another the models are shifted
accordingly. The engineer thus knows
the style, type and equipment of every
car. He knows, too. whether any car is
on the road or laid up for repairs.
The machine shop is a new brick build
ing ninety eight feet long and ninety feet
wide, located in the rear of the general
offices. 1t is supplied with power from
the main works and thoroughly equipped
with machinery and other appliances of
the latest and most approved patterns
Materials, tools and fittings are. also kept
on hand in this building. The paint shop
is a two-story brick building seventy
five by eighty-nine feet. 1t is also used
as carpenter shop. This is the street
car hospital.
Mention has already been made of the
great engines of the Los Angeles Railway
company. 1t may be added here that a
separate engine and dynamo have been
installed for the purpose of supplying
electric power to those who may require
it.
The march Of improvement has not
ceased with the institution of the facili-
ties mentioned. The growth and extern
sion of the city calls for constant addi-
tions and greater facilities, and it is
the broad minded policy of the company
to keep pace with these at all times.
these facts speak for themselves.
The Officers
It has been said since the breaking out
of the war with Spain, and reiterated a
thousand times since Commodore
Dewey's magnificent achievement at the
Philippine islands, that it is the captain
who commands the ship and the man be-
hind the gun that turns the scale when
other things are equal. The Los Angeles
Railway company might have the finest,
most complete equipment in the world.
and 1t would be rank failure if it were
not we'll managed and well officered from
top to bottom.
Thomas Brown of San Francisco man
of large affairs and highly successful
business man, is the president of the COM
pany, and assisted by an efficient board
of directors has given the company the
general policy that has made it so sue
cessful and favorably' appreciated. He
has, Notwithstanding hejis the resident of
another city, given no small portion Of
The herald., 1898-05-08
the subject Of praise and favorable COM
parisons.
The Present Management

parisons.
The Present Management
The present management assumed con-
troll Of the Los Angeles Railway company
in 1895. The system was and is the sue.
cessor of the older consolidated cable and
electric systems. Its policy, born Of Gen.
eral M. H. Sherman's controlling spirit,
has been to make improvements not only
for present needs but for the certain and
probable future needs OF tho city. The
wonderful expansion of Los Angeles in
recent years has fully substantiated the
wisdom of such policy. 1t is not pleas
ant, however, to reflect upon what might
have been IL less wise and far-seeing
course had beer, instituted.
The system of the Los Angeles Railway
company is pow operated entirely by
electricity. The horse and mule car and
the cable car, each in it's turn, has had to
go. Some ten miles of horse car line and
twenty-five miles of cable have been
electricized.
But let us begin at the beginning.
Without power of some kind there can be
no street railway system. The power for
the entire system of the Los Angeles Rail-
way company is now supplied by the big
and Wilde streets, the largest electric
street railway plant, by the way, in ex
istence on the Pacific coast. To the old
two 500 horse power engines already
in use when the present managementias-
sumed control, havd been added an 800
horse power engine adapted to electrical
uses. To these monsters were added a
vertical $50 horse power engine, and fin
ally q mighty 1900 horse power machine,
bringing the total horse power up to 1850,
sufficient to supply all needs for years to
come.
The 1900 horse power Jumbo is worthy
of especial mention. 1t is the largest en-
gine in electrical service on the Pacific
coast. San Francisco has nothing to
match it. The shaftand armature weigh
5000 pounds, and they constituted the
heaviest unit of freight ever brought west
Of the Mississippi river. Thus it will be
seen that Los Angeles demands and re-
ceives the biggest as well as the best.
The engine is compound, direct gener-
ator, with Walker 500 kilowatt genera
tor. 1t is hardly necessary to add that it
is an exceedingly fine ands dscapable piece
Of machinery.
Regulated Automatically
The modern street car railway plant
regulates itself automatically, so to speak.
toas to accommodate itself to the amour.
oktravel. The Los Angeles plant, with it's
numerous powerful engines can supply
the motive power in quantltiesto suit. At
certain hours of the day travel is
heavier than at other hours, some days it
r. heavier than the average and on others
n Il lighter. The plant, must accommo-
tate itself to the necessities of the occa-
The herald., 1898-05-08

under the old companies, before the con-
soldation.
C. A. Henderson is in charge Of the
auditing department. He has had much
experience in this work, having been con-
nected with eastern steam railroads in a
similar capacity. The general master me-
chanic is John Fowler, thorough ma
chinist, who secured his training in the
mechanical department of the Southern
Pacific railroad. He was for ten years
superintendent of the Temple street line.
S. C. Gordon is chief of the operating
engineers and has charge of the boiler
rooms. 1t is a position that demands
great care and experience.
How many persons who travel reglarly
on the street cars think they have the
skill, politeness and above all the pa
tience to act as motorneers or conductors?
Some of these employees could have given
Job odds. 1t is doubtful if any city in the
union has more polite, patient and ef-
ficient corps of conductors and motorneers
than the Los Angeles Railway company.
The herald., 1898-05-08

his time to the affairs Of the company.
The execution of the company's policy
and the general supervision of its affairs
in detail fall to the lot of the general man
ager, Fred w. Wood. He has been resi-
dent of Los Angeles for quarter of a CEN
tury and is thoroughly familiar with its
needs and it's growth. Mr.. Wood is pecu-
liarly we'll fitted for the position>he occu-
pies. Hdis al civil engineer by profession.
He also read law and was admitted to the
bar, and has during all his life been
busy, active man. He was general man.
ager of the Temple street railway'for ten
years before assuming his present posi-
tion, and is what Is known as thorough
man in everything he undertakes.
Mr.. Woods personal tastes lie in scien-
tific direction. He is a member of the
American Society of Mechanical Engi-
neers and of the Technical Society of the
Pacific. He has contributed valuable pa
pers on the street railway subjects to
American and English technical papers.
The general manager is fortunate in his
staff. Messrs. Hasson and Hunt'oI san
Francisco, who had charge of the elec-
trical department of the Midwinter fair,
were retained as consulting engineers
Mr.. Lincoln Nissley for year or more
filled the position OF chief electrician. The
present head of the electrical and mechan-
ical departments is Mr.. George E. Tai
colt, a widely experienced man in street
railway and electrical work, having. been
identified with this development from its
infancy up. Track maintenance and con-
struction is under the immediate charge
of Mr.. George e. Pillsbury, civil engi-
neer of long experience and fine attain
ments. Mr.. Pillsbury is well known in
Los Angeles.
The car system IN under the charge of
John j. Akin, who held the sameposition
The herald., 1898-05-08
A Model Township

Shenford civil township, situated east
of Lisbon, in Ransom county, North Da-
kota, is peopled by thrifty class Of farm
ers and in local government it is a model
of excellence. So we'll have the affairs
of the constituency been managed that a
balance of $1,000 cash is on hand to COM
mence the present fiscal year of the civil
township, and further sum Of $1,000 re-
mains to the credit of the township school
fund, consequently no local tax for school
purposes is to be levied this year, and o.
largely decreased levy for general pur-
poses is made. The officers are all level
headed farmers and legislate without the
debating bosses and affairs are honestly
conducted.
The herald., 1898-05-08

sion. The man who rides home to dinner
on a crowded car may not realize that an
additional engine has been 'cut in" for
his especial benefit. but such is the case.
1t would be very expensive to keep en-
ployef all day as much power as is re-
qured during the hours of the lightest
traffic. AS it is arranged the plant can
meet the heaviest. most unexpected
strain and still have plenty Of reserve
power left.
But efficiency as we'll as economNis re-
quired and in the plant of the Los Angeles
Railway company every known approved
device is used to keep the power adjusted
to the requirements of the hour and to
maintain the highest possible degree Of
efficiency. The main water meter is on
the switch board in the power house.
Through ii all the electric current gener-
ated must pass, and there is machine
which registers the amount automatic
ally, so that those in attendance, cannot
only tell how much electricity is being
generated, but how much is being used.
1t is thus easy to avoid any waste, and
to supply the current wherever it is
needed.
The boilers are another important fac
tor in a plans Of this kind, and great at
tention is paid to them here. The guam
tity of fuel consumed is carefully meas
ured each day, and the work of the boil
ers is automatically recorded in the Of
flee of the chief engineer. This record, as
Is that of every other department, is
regularly submitted to the general man.
ager, who thus has laid before him the
entire working of the system in the small
est possible compass.
The Trolley Wire
The herald., 1898-05-08

tor I'M the modern street railway system.
Since the last change in the mana cement
Of the Los Angeles company, the eff
cheney of the plant has been increased
by the addition Of over $4,000 worth of
new copper wire. These wires which
transmit the electric current, are known
as the feeder system. 1t Is divided into
twenty-four independent sections. Con-
sequently a break down in any section
does not involve stoppage of the entire
system. If you are riding on the front
, end of the car you may sometimes see
the motorneer without apparent cause,
shut off the current entirely fromthe car
and second later he will turn it in again
If it be dark you will notice that the head
light lamp Is eXtinguished for the frac-
tion of second, during the time the cur
rent is shut off. Thetefs & 'Abreak" at that
particular spot IN tho iine.that marks the
separation into sections. If one section is
interrupted the other twenty-three re-
main in undisturbed operation. II would
be exasperating indeed if the passengers
for the Second street line. for instance,
were unable to get home, or to their
places of business because of an accident
on the University line, or vice versa
When there is a break or an accident Of
any kind. the circuit breaker automatic
ally cuts out the section orr which the
trouble has occurred and at the same
time it shows just where the linemen
must be sent to make repairs.
The Los Angeles Railway company is
also one Of the largest users of telephones
In the city. 1t has complete system of
its own, with thirty-two telephones and
seventy miles Of wire. The phones are
placed at termini and other important
points, having their focus; In the dis
patcher's office. When a car arrives at
the end of its rur, the conductor reports
by telephone to the dispatcher, giving
the number of the car and the time of its
arrival, receiving instructions as to the
time when he shall depart. In this way
the dispatcher controls absolutely the
movements of every car. If an accident
occurs to the car or to the wire. the con-
ductor goes to the nearest telephone and
notifies the dispatcher. If assistance is
required the superintendent goes out
with wrecking car. An emergency
car" is always kept in readiness at the
power house to take the place of any car
that may be disabled. IL the damage is
| SO slight that it can be repaired on the
street a. shopman is sent to meet the car.
| Capitalization
The citation of these details shows how
admirably the daily mana cement is CEN
tralized so that there is the minimum of
delay and confusion. The contrast be-
tween the present arrangement and
those prevailing a dozen years or more
ago is SO great that the two can scarcely
be compared.
Rolling stock and roadbed engage the
most thorough consideration and careful
The herald., 1898-05-08
italian Colonists for Venezuela

An Italian named Dotti has entered in
to an agreement with the Venezuelan
government to colonize in Venezuela 1901
Italian families per annum,, to establish
a bank for the benefit of agriculturists,
with a capital of s375O.0 900, and maintain
line of steamships between the colonies
and Italy. To encourage the scheme the
government grants large rebates of tax
alton and other privileges and assures the
new colonists general welcome and pro-
lection.
The herald., 1898-05-08
Early Christians' Easter

Easter as at first observed by the early
Christians was thanksgiving lasting eight
days. This was at first reduced to three
days, afterward to two, and finally to the
single day, Easter Sunday
The herald., 1898-05-08

attention on the part of the street railway
officials. Shortly after the Los Angeles
railway came into the present hands, ex-
tensive additions and improvements were
made in these two departments. Within
year sixty new cars of the most ap-
proved designs were put into commits
sion," as the saying goes in these warlike
days. The double-truck cars are thirty
two feet long, accommodating forty pas
sengers. The single truck cars are
twenty-six feet long, carrying passen-
ger in comfort for each foot of it's length
Both styles are equipped with twenty
five horse power Westinghouse or general
electric motors. The old grip cars have
been either discarded or remodeled
while the old style electric cars have been
thoroughly modernized. An interesting
the testing car. which is used to test the
overhead apparatus and ground return.
All lines are thoroughly tested at least
once a week.
The roadbed now demands attention.
A heavy standard 7 rail, six inches
deep and weighing sixty pounds to
the yard, was adopted. These rails
were ordered to be sixty feet in
length, which is twice the usual length,
giving greater smoothness and making
less wear and tear for thd rolling stock.
The rails came from, Ohio and each load
was placed on two fiat cars, five,hundred
tons being sent in one shipment.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1898-04-16

PRESIDENT MCK1NLEY's message
which is published elsewhere in the
HERALD, deals firmly, yet not un-
duly harshly with the Cuban ques,
ton, giving the Dons to understand
that they must toe the mark. His
message leaves no alternative ex.
cept for Spain to leave Cuba, max
ing the island an Independent
government.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1898-04-16

Christian powers of the world en-
gagged, not simply in stealing terri
tory from an independent, civilized
power, but in taking it by force,
which is equivalent to highway
robbery. To ask whether this
process of acquisition, which is not
by purchase, or voluntary cession,
or exchange, or even by open con-
quest, is according to the principles
OF international law, would be to
PROFOUND an utter absurdity. The
act is robbery or piracy.
What, then, becomes of the prin-
ciples of international law? They
are openly and outrageously VIC
lated by the very powers most con-
cerned in establishing them. This
does not prove that the principles
are not good. They are the quint-
essence of righr and equity. 1t only
goes to show that selfshness and
greed are still powerful agents in
subverting the rule or right among
nations.-The Independent.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1898-04-16

THE coast-line of the United
States measures 5715 miles, 2349
miles being on the Atlantic, 1856
on the Gulf of Mexico, and 1910 on
the Pacific. On the Atlantic and
Gulf coast are thirty important
cities and many more ofless import
ance. On the Pacific seven i'm
portant points are on the coast or
approachable from the coast.