davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-27
Sweden and NORWAY.

To THE EDITOR OF H SUN-Sir: Permit me
as a Norwegian to call your attention to a few
errors and misconceptions in your editorial
article of this date relating to the "Sundering
OF Sweden and Norway"
There is Io Amendment before the Nor
wegian Storthing to the effect that the regular
troops should be merged into the national
militia. and thus the whole Of the defensive
forces Of the kingdom be brought under Article
XIV. Of the Norwegian Constitution. There
has never in Norway been any thought Of TAX
ing such n step. On the contrary. some Of the
most interested advocates of a separate Nor
wegian foreign service within the union have
limited at the possibility Of this article OF the
Constitution being amended in a form to make
1t more favorable for Sweden in case of a con-
fiict with some foreign power but the whole Of
the Norwegian people will oppose the change
OF Article Y being made a condition for the
granting to Norway Of what the whole people
without distinction between Right and Left
consider to he the right of the country. namely.
to be placed on an entirely equal footing with
This is what the Norwegian people believe 10
be their right under Article J. Of the Coqstiiu-
ton; which reads: Norway Is a free and indie
one King" There IS nothing in the Constitn-
ton OF Norway or the act OF union to indicate
that Sweden should have any privilege Of dis
posing or the foreign relations Of the two king
doms Of, will: on the contrary. the act Of union
expressly provides that the union is to he based
on the equal position Of the two countries BY
the latest reorganization the Norwegian troops
of the Line were about doubled and provided
with all the departments necessary for the eN-
istence OF an army. and the movement is thus
distinctly in the opposite direction Of the one
indicated by your editorial. which probably has
been based on information from articles in the
nRlish press inspired from Swedish sources.
The doubling of the credits for Unforeseen
expenditure OF the Swedish Riksdag was pre-
vious to the extraordinary military grants hy
the Norwegian StorthinR. and the latter were
the consequence Of the former and Of the more
or less thinly yelled but sufficiently explicit
threats in Swedish newspapers Of a %forcthle
execution on the part Of the Swedes Of their
conception OF the union.
tional matter. ,The Constitution of the country
provides that Norway is entitled to a flag Of her
own and and that the naval flag is TO be a union
do not think that the present commercial
union nag Is n correct expression Of this con-
stitutional provision. and the Storthing there
fore has now for the third time voted 10 have
the union emblem taken out OF the CONNER
cial flag. This Is a matter of common. not
constitutional. law. as q bill that has passed
through the StorthinR three times becomes a
law without the sanction OF the King. even
he should. be inclined to veto it. for the third
time; This vote. therefore. can create no dead
lock between the two countries.
not from 1916. 7. GRoTH, Phi. D..
NEW YORK, Nov. 10.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-27
SUBSTITUTES FOR ARMY HoRsE
Bicycles and Motor Carriages Tried In
France and crmn

Bicycles and Motor Carriages Tried in
France and Germany.
One difficulty with which military orEanizor,
in Europe have to contend is the scarcity Of tina
horses necessary for both cavalry and artillery
service. the increase in the number OF horse.
notkeeping pace with the constantly growing re-.
Quirements OF continental armies. On peacs
footing France and Germany require apprnyi.
mately 100000 horses each for military pnr.
poses. Russia 10000. Austria-Hungary 10000.
Italy and Great Britain go. 1000 and Turkey 20.
600. There are horses in abundance in Europa,
more especially In Russia and Hungary, bur
agriculture requires many. and the number 81
horses suitable for military service is compar,.
lively small. The requirements Of horses for
army service are many. They must be hardy.
swift Of foot. capable Of great endurance, thor.
oughly broken and susceptible of training, and
come up to the military standard as to size.
weight, and age. Green horses will not do.
ordinary draught horses cannot be utilized In
the event OF a declaration OF war. Germany and
France would each require 10000 additional
horses, Austria would require 25.OOO, and Rus.
sia nearly 100000.
Although the present population Of { Germany
is 80 per cent. greater than the present popu-
lation OF France. the number OF horses in Ger
many is not materially greater than the num-
Der Of horses in France. and IL to the latter
total be added the number OF horses available
in Algeria, the French supply will be seen to
exceed that of Germany. In times of peace.
and with ample opportunity for preparation. a
solvent European Government can always pro-
cure the horses 1t needs from neutral nations;
but In war times this Is not so easy to do. and.
moreover. modern wars are apt to be some
what abruptly settled. and it takes a considera-
BILE time to train horses for military service,
especially in the artillery. By a registra-
ton system which has been in use in France
for many years. the authorities keep account Of
every draught and riding horse in the country:
but lack of horses is the weak point of the
French military system. In Germany the situ-
ation is substantially the same. and both
countries have recently had recourse TO the
use Of su Institutes for horses. Motor carriages
and bicycles have been tried. In the utilization
of motor carriages the French have gone
further. perhaps. than their German neigh6ors.
but the German Army has a well equipped BIZ
cycle force, and an additional advantage which
comes from its use Is the fact that forage wag-
ons are not necessary with bicycle corps and
soldiers can move more rapidly on bicycles or
motor carriages than on horseback. For ar
tillery service there would seem to be no insur.
objection to motor carriages.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-27
NONE TO SPARE.

The Absurd Proposition That We Exchange n
Part of the Union for the Island OF Jamaica.
To THE EDITOR OF THE suN-Sir: 1 notice in
a Toronto. Canada. despatch Of 21st inst. a ref
erence to some correspondence between Sir i.
D. Edgar. ex-Speaker Of the Dominion House
OF Commons. and United States Senator Chand-
Ter concerning the exchange Of Jamaica for one
OF our Eastern States. this United States prop
erty to be coded to Canada. The proposition Is
SO humorous that omment on it within the
bounds Of seriousness is hardly possible. The
idea Of an American State bordering on Canada
becoming English territory by consenting to
be coded in exchange for Jamaica or any other
foreign territory is a preposterous piece OF i'm
pudence.
The dulness OF the majority OF monarchical
subjects cannot appreciate the innate feeling Of
every American. our intense love OF country,
the almost worshipful affection for our flag.
This intense patriotic feeling In the breast OF al
Americans is not the respect and fear" OF the
subject OF a monarchy: IL Is love. alteration:
it Is mine! my countryl my flag! A serious
proposition that It should be transferred. body
and soul, to the rule OF the divine right of
kings" would draw out an exhibition OF ma
tional character never seen or heard Of, before.
We welcome all who wish to come and better
their condition.. but as to our going. back, to
f %p9 9Se h%erI Eale. ana is Il n Teis g thSnE 3 w RRSss1SS as
made the American people the greatest nation
in the world. We now have between 2,000,00O
and 100000 Of Canadian born people within
our borders. and the writer is one OF them.
Eleven. out Of thirteen in the United States is
not a bad showing in the case OF my family.
As the two halves OF this continent started
the other a Republican form of Government. 1t
does not even require n dull mind to see and
feel where liberty dwells or much Of a mathe-
population. wealth and enterprise produced by
this competition OF the two forms Of govern
ment side by side. speaking the same tongue.
from the same branch or root.
AN OLD TORONTO Boy.
BRooKLYN. Nov, %.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-27

From u. 81. Lonia GIobt D.moerat

FFom Ne 81 LoH'a Cob 'Dtmoefdi.
One OF the ~jolliest of the visitors is Judge Asa
Jones. Judge Of the Probate Court Of Oklaho-
ma county. The Judge got into the Territory
lust a little bit ahead OF the other settlers, as is
e eHtaeaS bis by a scar w where a load Of buckshot
T~sooners" who escaped with their lives. The
Judge has diseovered that Oklahoma City has
ond day 81 the month To start WITH he
said yesterday. the Territory, was thrown
y OF, the same year Oklahoma. City was de-
cIared the county seat OF Oklahoma county.
On k9y, y the last single was put on the
the settlement, the hrst Mayor Of Oklahoma
City took his seat. The movement to build the
inaugurated or Sept. %. 1893. We delegates
who are BEING so royalty entertained here TO-
81. Louis on Nov; %, 1899. No use talking. az
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-27
HAVE n HAANSTAART1
Did the Mutations of Dutch Habits Give Us
the Name and Substance of the Cocktail?

Did the Mutations of Dutch Habits Give Us
the Name and Substance of the Cocktails?
There have been a lot OF fanclful stories
told about the origin OF the cocktail and it's
NAME" said an English amateur philosopher,
fresh from a talk with an expert German beer
drawer: " but / believe they are all wrong. 1
have learned, i think, the true origin OF the
name and perhaps OF the drink. A man per-
fectly competent to talk on the matter and who
is familiar with German and Dutch customs in
the home lands. tells me that the cocktail is
not, as is commonly supposed, what might be
called an Indigenous drink In America, but
Everybody knows the proyerbial passion for
hoSseWife. There has been Somewhat pe seid
and written, too, about the capacity Of the an
Gi lie, DItchmen for sehnapPS, II the word
plemented by indulgence. does to a mans
tells tsiSa M S"1 that ' the @0 dasty 3 3seIin msr took ny yh leie ND
Dutch IN the same place. and that a regular
Sbs g & s Of sn Of s AZ a mGrP PiI4s, was H to ssS, I'd ID, IN i
one time Geneva gin was used almost 'excia.
siyely in, this concoction. Just as the house
her man would go for his. Hers was a bunch
Of r12ster-tail feathers. known primitiyely BY
He had his little joke. and called his throat
dIs ter By The same name;
the drink and called for their hahnschwanz'
NY friend AYERS that 1t is q common thing for a
'hahnschwanz' 10 be called for at some Ger
man inns in the morning now. and that gin and
bltters are, meant. 1t seems to me that, at
least, this II. the most probable explanation OF
the origin Of the name yet offered"
don't believe II" said the skeptical italian
professor; that sounds 10 me a good deal like
the German beer garden wit that ] used 10 hear
when ! travelled over there. Such names are
more likely to be transferred from one Language
70 another by phonetic imitation than by that
kind OF translation"
The EnElishman was disgusted. but turned
and ordered . Martini. The professor acknowl-
edged the compliment, remarking that under
the circumstances the drink By any other name
would so as well.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-11-27
From n, San Franei,co Caronir,

q F0 'VHF TTVTtT
DAWSON CITY. Oct. S.-George Hammer. tbs
famous pilot OF the White Horse rapids. re-
Gently became a benedict. and. as beftted his
career of perils and adventure, the marriage
shooting the rapids. When the minister said,
Il pronounce you man and WIFE," he had 10
raise his voice and almost shout. and even then
could scarcely make himself heard in the roar
OF the wild waters.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19

The latest report of the United States
Commissioner of Education. DIR. W. r.
Harris. brings down the statistics to
June 80 1897. At that date there were
enrolled in public institutions, or
schools and colleges of all grades sup
ported Ivy taxation. 14.TI2,OI1 pupils;
in private and parochlal institutions L.
513.O1G more: Il grand total of 1G.2Jj.-
O93. There was n slight falling off in
the patronage of private schools. prob.
ably caused by the "hard times" Since
1870 the enrolment In public schools
has nearly doubled: there has been in
crcasing liberalty of expenditure along
all lines. with a steadily advancing
standard of instruction, administration
and humanization of discipline. Of
normal schools for the training of
teachers. the States support 16j, and
300 others are maintained by tuition
fees or donations. More than three.
fOurths of the school population is
found outside of large cities and towns
but the shorter school year is partly
compensated by rural industrial Oppor.
tunities. OF course the statistics rep.
resent all degrees of excellence and de.
feet: but the movement Is upward and
the outlook hopeful.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19
Live In the Sunshine,

There Is no better medicine than the
fresh air ana sunshine. When the
weather permits, live out of doors as
much as possible. Patients at many
sanitarlums lie out of doors on cots
every month In the year. To be sure,
they are well protected with blankets
ana have n hot jug or bag at their feet.
Some physicians prescribe sleeping In
the open air for their patients, ana in
some cases 1t has proved very bene-
fetal. A family living in II suburban
city found it much more comfortable
during the extreme heat to pitch tent
in their pleasant back yard ana sleep
there instead of in the heated cham
bers. 1T seemed out of the question to
get the houses cooled Off during the
heated term, no matter how hard PEG.
pie tried. Not a breath of air seemed
stirring, with every window open; but
the tent was found delightfully."- COM
Portable and restful.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19

shuddcr, for the hospital Is on one hill
above the town, and the cemetery Is on
another hill Just opposite. Funerals
with the thermometer ut 80 degrees be-
low zero are simple and uncanny. 4
priest or pastor, In wool cap ana furs,
followed by wooden box borne by six
men, ana this by mOurners, II there are
any, moves up the path on the hillside
to the grave, which has been dug by
''iiring" In the same way that the
miners work. And once the box Is on
the bottom of the grave ana the earth
ana snow piled over 1t, the body Of the
dead man freezes as solid as u cake of
lee, ana he is cmbalmed for all time.
For, at Il depth Of four feet, the earth
Is eternally frozen, and his friends may
come when they choose and eXhume
the body In state Of perfect prcserva-
ton. Packing 1t in Ice, his great great.
great -grandchildrcn could take 1t back
to his old home and hold state flu
neral.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19
SICK AND BROKE IN DAWSON.
Hospital aud Cemetery Not Far Apart
Graves Must lie blasted.

Graves Must lie Blasted.
Mr.. Frederick Palmer writes from
Dawson City. Alaska: II you will take
my word for It, Dawson Is too far away
from home comforts for man to he
either sick or broke there with much
peace of mind. The biggest fee I
heard of was paid by part owner Of
u claim on Dominion creek, which Is u
good three days journey-bOth ways
from Dawson. when the trails are good.
His partner was very III. and Daw.
son doctor was paid $500 to make a
call on him.
When sick man IL taken to the hos.
pital the hospital authorities find out
II he has any money. IT he has. he
must pay for his board mt the rate Of
so n week. II he has not, he gets both
board ana doctors care for nothing.
In winter the hospital Is drcarlcr than
y monastery In the Alps. No one pass
Us 1t In summer or winter without u
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19

It has been noted that all Presidential
candidates whose surnames ended with
the letter "n," running on n ticket will,
u candidate for Vice President whose
surname likewise ended with 81" were
elected. to wit: jefferson and Clinton.
Madison and Clinton. Jackson and
Calhoun. jackson and Van Buren,. Van
Buren, and johnson, Lincoln ana Ham.
lin. Lincoln and johnson, Harrison and
Morton.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19
AMERICA ALONE CAN PREVENT THE WORLD FROM STARVING.

100 feet in diameter. BY his side Is a
glass of milk as large as the tower OF
the North Side water works, an egg 100
feet long, an apple of equal height and
GOO.foot cube of sugar, making up
most of the days food.
But this giant does not forget to ask
for drink. Besides two or three glasses
of water, each the height of tall office
building. he drinks half the beer from a
bottle which towers above twenty.
story structure. takes sip Of wine and
two giant fingers of whisky. A nam,
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19
No Occasion to Take a Bath.

A foreigner who was brought before
n San Francisco magistrate the other
day was found to be so uncleanly that
the police We're ordered to give him q
bath. wat! Go In de vater!' he asked.
"Yes. you must take a bath; you need
1t. How long Is 1t since You had One?'
The foreigner shrugged his shoulders,
and replied: II never was arrested be-
fore"
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19

moth cup of coffee and another nearly
ms large Of tea arc disposed Of during
the day. Yet NIL this food and drink
represents only the quantities Of these
articles that disappear down the throats
Of the American people every twenty.
four hours.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19
Vast Food COnsurn ptiOn.

All told, the consumption Of solid food
by this one nation during the year
amounts In Its raw state to some 0O,-
DOC, 900, 900 pounds, or little more than
three pounds day for each person.
This means that the people eat their
own weight of food about once In each
month. The total cost must be placed
at not less than SO, 100000 n year. to
which must be added another $1,000
O0O, 900 for drinks, making the total for
food and drink more than could be pur-
chased by the entire gold supply of the
world. OF this expenditure, roughly,
| 81 600, 100000 goes for meat ana fish,
500 100000 for eggs and dairy pro-
duets, 100000, 900 for wheat and other
grains, an equal amount for fruits and
sugar, and S30O,00O,0OO for vegetables.
The 10000, 900, 900 pounds of food con.
sumed Is about 1,20O pounds year for
each person, On fair average the
Americans may be considered we'll
fed people. The statement In billions of
pounds of the food consumed by the ma
ton Is impressive, but far less so than
! II one could actually see these enormous
quantities. AS an aid in measuring one
days food of the American people, i'm.
aglne that a giant 1000 feet tall We're
to land on this continent from n distant
planet. Larger by far than the most
famous giants found by Gulliver In the
land of the Brobdlngnag, this monster
/ would tower four times AS high as the
Washington monument.
Taking seat on the Chicago Masonic
Temple roof, suppose he were 10 call
upon the nations 10 supply him with
food. He would need an amount equal
10 that consumed by T5,0OO,O0o people.
Set his daily supply before him and see
what 1t would be. On bread plate
half as big as n city block would rest
A loaf of bread 800 feet long and half
as broad. Beside it would stand pie
as large as gas house From saucer
the size of tugboat he would sip his
oatmeal, with spoon whose bow
would hold trolley car. a smoking
piece OF bcefsteak would be twenty-five
feet thick and extend over an area
equal to ten city lots; a covered dish
contains three mammoth white pOta
toes and sweet potato, each 100 feet
long. His pat Of butter would measure
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19

Some 100000 bushels of sweet pota-
toes are raised for the annual consump-
ton. The yield of peas Is 6,0O0,OOO
bushels. of beans S.000000. and of
onions 100000. More than 100000
bushels of Spanish and Bermuda onions
are imported each year Half of the
800. 100000 pounds of rice used during
the year comes from other countries.
The consumption of sugar reaches the
astonishing total of 5.5OOOOO.O 900
pounds. but only onc.cighth of this is
raised ut home. Dairy products play a
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19
Rrain Worthy of Him.

Prince Blsmarcks brain, according
to the catering estimate Of the an
thropologist Otto Ammon, was proba.
bly, the hssviest known to anstomicI
science. -
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19
TO READERS

Cut this out, IncIose %, and
mall Il to the Eagle office, with
your name:
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19

When a married man gets sick, his
mother is an exception among womea
II she doesn't lay II to her daughter.in.
laws cooking.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1898-11-19

most important part In the food supply.
TO spread the bread, make the pies and
concoct other appetlzing daintles re-.
quires an annual supply Of not less than
1850. 100000 pounds OF butter. Cheese
Is used to the extent of 23O.0OO.OOO
pounds yearly. Made into one gigantic
cheese 1t would measure $50 feet In di.
amcter and half rs many feet In height.
The milk supply amounts to no less
than 7,OOO.OOO,OOO quarts annually, yet
this Is only half n pint II day to each
person. or this supply of milk Chicago
takes 4G,OOO,OOO quarts and greater New
York GA. 100000 quarts. Then there are
the eggs. OF which S5O,OOO.OOO dozen
are used each year. Placed end TO end
they would girdle the world twelve
times ut the equator. But the egg sup.
ply Is not excessive, since It allows less
than three eggs a week to each person.
No people In the world eat as much
meat rs the Americans. The Secretary
of Agriculture places the annual meat
bill at 5000, 100000. Figures can only
be approximate, yet n fair estimate
places the beef consumed at 5000, 600,
900 pounds. pork at 4,OOO,OOO.OOO and
mutton at SOO,OO0,OOO pounds. With
poultry ana game the total meat eaten
annually cannot be less than 1O.OOO, OOO,.
900 pounds. which Is nearly two pounds
day for each family of five persons
The exports of meat products are enor.
nous.
Then there Is the drink question. Las,
year Americans drank 100, OOOO 900 gal
Ions OF coffee and 1,1OO,O00,OOO gallons
of tea. To these must he added beer
200, 100000 gallons, wines 25,OOO,OOO
and distilled spirits. such as whisky
brandy and rum, 9O,OO6,OOO gallons
This gives u grand total of over 5000,
OOO, 900 gallons, or about forty.eight gal
Ions for each man. woman ana child
II you add the cocoa, soft" drinks, min
eral waters, etc, the total, not including
plain water used for drinking purposes
Is easily swelled to 1900, 100000 gallons
or more than gallon person per weel
Of liquids other than clear water. o.
the average n person drinks his owl
weight Of these drinks every three
months.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1898-08-03
A Somnoient Meeting.

(From the Westminster GaZette.)
The impassioned appeal of the Arch
bishop of Canterbury at the S. p. G.
meeting yesterday produced a most
remarkable effect upon the front
bench on the platform. Even before
the primate had finished speaking Sir
Richard Temple had gently subsidized
into slumbers soft, and during the
address of the following speaker
Bishop Mylne, Bishop Barry followed
Sir Richards example. When Bishop
Goulburn had got half way through
the statistics of his Australian do
cese, the soporific influence had be-
come terribly contagious, and the re-
markable spectacle was revealed of
the primate. Bishop Barry. Sir r.
Temple, and Mr.. J. G. Talbot all
asleep in a row. Only the happy col
lapse of an umbrella on the platform
prevented the Bishop of Winchester
from joining so goodly a company, and
the joke was that the archbishop, al
the top of his voice, that voice of old
had just been scolding everybody fol-
not arousing and awaking to sense OF
their duty to mission work.