The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1898-02-18
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.
low Successful Farmers Operate This
Department OF the Farm-A Few
Hints as to the Care Of Live Stock
and Poultry.
Some Common Trouble.

Some Common Trouble.
The most common diseases ut this
'eason of the year are colds and roup.
t Is very important to be able to dis
1nguish between the two, says ]. L.
Campbell in American Poultry Journal.
The only way know of is by the smell.
Roup has a smell SO distinctly its own
mat once q person becomes familiar
With 1t will be certain to always re-
'ognize 1t again. When the attack is
light the odor, although very pro-
aounced. has none of the vileness that
t acquires after the tissues of the
lead and throat begin to decay. This
act leads many to suppose that roup
n the first stages is merely cold, but
Is more than a cold. Fowls do catch
simple cold, Of course, and while
here is a certain undefinable odor
tbout such a cold it is so entirely diff
erent from roup that an experienced
person Will never make a mistake be-
tween the two. The best possible plan
% prevent either colds or roup is to
Keep the fowls free from draughts and
reasonably warm; a fowl is much safer
boosting on tree than in any kind of a
house where current of air can strike
hem through crack or knothole in
board. Do not let them crowd on the
perches; countless thousands of fowls
latch cold from this one cause alone,
especially young stork, and brooder
raised chirks are much more apt to
crowd on the perches than those raised
IN small focks, because they have been
raised that way.
Make perches in such manner that
40 two fowls can touch each other, or
1t least crowd up close. This can be
lone in several ways; one very good
plan Is to cut sticks one inch square
and six inches long: nail these along
Inc roosting poles so that only one tow.
ian get between two sticks; the spaces
Will need to be from six to eight inches,
owing to size of fowls, or boards six
inches high can be used and let the
owls roost on them, and between them.
In either case each fowl will have to
sit by itself. Where the climate is very
cold the spaces or boards can be made
to take two fowls, and that will pre-
vent crowding up tight. It is 'astonish-
Ing how tight row of fowls will jam
up pole in a cold night. Some Of
them get too hot and are sure to sweat
and catch cold. The best cure for colds
Is warm, dry air; this will soon cure
without anything else. A little sulphur,
alum and magnesia, all in fine powder,
blown upon the nostrils and in the
throat Is great assistance in drying
up and curing a cold.
The air for a small sized poultry
house can be made quite dry with a
lamp alone for heater. To do this a
heater and condenser is required; the
heater can be made out of common
store box and piece Of sheet iron;
the iron should be put far enough up
from the bottom of the box to allow a
lamp to sit under it; then just above the
iron bore some holes to admit air. This
forms the heater; a window can be
made to serve the purpose of con-
denser. A tight box must be placed
over the window inside the poultry
house, leaving the glass exposed to the
cold air outside. Now then make a
connection between the heater and the
condenser SO that the warm air from
the heater can enter the condenser
near the bottom of the window: the
warm air will strike the glass and be-
come cold and part with nearly all its
moisture. The dry air must be al
lowed to escape near the bottom of the
condenser, but as high above the lamp
as possible-anywhere from a foot to
three feet above the lamp will do. The
condenser box must be very tight at the
top, else it will not work good. Such
a crude affair as this will take most
astonishing amount of water out of the
air in cold night, and will be found
very useful in damp house, and the
whole thing need not usually cost any,
thing more than the time it takes to
put it up. If the apparatus is desired to
be used as ventilator as well as q
dryer, take the air from the outside in
to the heater, but If merely as a dryer
then take the air from inside the house
to the heater box. In either case this
plan will extract the greater part of the
surplus moisture. Perfectly dry air,
If it could be had, would cure roup
without any other attention, that is. as
far as it can be cured.
Brewers' Horses.
No person ever saw a thin, spare,