The times., 1898-06-14
House Galleries Well Filled De-
spite the Warm Weather.
MANY ELOQUENT SPEECHES
Representative Ne.vlands Defends
she Faith That Is in Him-&nneaa-
ton Not Forced by the Capture of
the Philippines, But by the Logic
of ENenfs-The Proceedings.

equally divided between the opposing
sides:' but the convincing features of the
debate were with the annexationists.
The galleries were well filled. despite
the warm weather. and the occupants
took advantage Of every telling point to
applause the anneXationists.
The Hawaiian debate was resumed by
Mr.. Newaands, of the Foreign Affairs
Committee. author of the pending resolu-
ton providing for annexation.
Mr.. Newlands said in part: The an
nexation of Hawaii would, unfortuna ely.
in the minds of many, be considered in
connection with the Philippines question
The Hawaiian question was not one of
colonial expansion but simply of terrific
rial defense. but. unfortunately, many
who are opposed to an imperial policy.
while recognizing the Importance OF
Hawaii as a defense to the Pacific coast
against foreign attack feared that an
nexation might be regarded as the com
mencemen. Of general colonial expansion"
Mr.. Newlands showed that the thirteen
original States comprised only $4,000
square miles. while our present territory
with Alaska, included 100000 square
miles. In other words, the present area
was nearly five times as great as when
our Republic was established. Was il
merely lust of territory or was it acci-
dent, or was ii the conviction that our
boundary on the south should be the
Gulf Of Mexico and the Rio Grande. On
the east the Atlantic. on the west the
Pacific and on the north the st. Law
renee and Great Lakes or possibly the
Polar Sea that led to this enlargement
of territory?
Referring TO the war, he said that no
pen could picture the result had Spain
been first-class naval power with the
Canary Islands. Porto Rico. and Cuba as
a base of supplies and of attack.
Mr.. Newlands then described our po-
sition on the Pacific Ocean. with a coast
line. including Alaska, double that of the
Atlantic coast. We were likely TO be
confronted there with the great powers
of Europe who were intent upon the di-
vision OF China and whose navies would
be concentrated there. The navies of
England. France. Germany. Russia, and
Japan would be there-each at present
superior to our own. The contests OF the
future would be over the commerce of the
Pacific.
The United States" said Mr.. New
lands, was in possession OF the Aleutien
Islands, stretching out from Alaska north
and west of Hawaii. Between these ISL
ands and the tropics, distance of about
5000 miles, and between San Francisco
and Hong Kong, distance of nearly 1000
miles We're the Hawaiian Islands, . 200
miles from San Francisco and 1850 from
Hong Kong, possessing limited soil of
great fertility, an unsurpassed climate,
a small population and an Incompatible
harbor. called Pearl Harbor.
This harbor." said Mr. NewIands. was
. miles from Honolulu, and was capable of
being so fortified at a small expense as
TO defy the navies of the world, even with
out the aid of a supporting navy. It was
equal 10 the harbor of Santiago de Cuba
/ in lis defensive capacity. and superior in
that IL was large enough to accommodate
the navies of the world. 1t was the only
harbor on the islands capable of defense
Honolulu itself being an open port In
the possession of a foreign power il could
be made the base of supplies and attack
against every point of our Pacific Coast
from the Aleutien Islands TO San Diego.
with Hawaii as base. Spain, il in pos
session of a sufficient navy power. could
? l.
cific Coast. capture the ships returning
from Alaska with gold and raid the en-
tire coast Without Hawaii no naval
power could aim an attack on US from tha
Asiatic Coast, as recoaling would be i'm
possible.
"A protectorate viii be impossible. for
that would involve the obligation of nro
lection without the power to control tha
action of the people protected. Such ac-
| ton might involve serious international
| complications through the possible arr
gance or indiscretions of the Hawaiian
people.
Nor could we guarantee their indepond
ence unless they wished to maintain Il
and this would be doubtful in view of pos
sible conflict of internal forces.
Every Administration since the tima of
| Pierce had recognized the relation of the
Hawaiian Islands to our coast defense
and to our commerce The exclusive right
for our ships to enter Pearl Harbor. and
exclusive right to improve same, had been
secured by treaty. Yet the treaty right
was terminable by either party No ju-
riSdiction was given; not foot of ground
was secured to build Notifications on.
The laws of Hawaii would be enforced
| there. and not those of the United
States''
Mr. Newiands objected to yoking the
/ Philippine and Hawaiian questions togeth-
er. He said this was attempted by those
who thought that Hawaiian annexa ton
! involved colonial expansion. Others urged
| postponement until the close of the war
] IN order to consider the Philippine ques-
| ton and the Hawaiian question together
| If the Philippines were to be acquired il
| was clear that Hawaii was absolutely
| necessary, but Hawaii annexation did not
rest upon the question of colonial expan-
| sion.
Mr.. NewIands stated that he was not a
| believer in colonial expansion. Our coun-
! try was large enough, he said. We have a
country large enough to support ]. 900, 900 900
people. Cur problems OF internal devel-
| opment would be sufficient to engross our
/ attention. 1t was not necessary to reach
out for territory or 10 add to our do-nfn-
! Ion simply for the purpose of acquiring
| new territory. Our policy should be to
| perfect what we have TO secure scientific
boundaries that would diminish the
| chances of hostile attack minimize our
! military and naval expenditures and ar
| same time secure to US our rightful COM
| merce. Hawaii was an outpost In the Pa
| ciftc Ocean essential TO the protection OF
our defensive coast line and in addition II
offered great commercial ADVANTAGES
which wise craftsmanship could not dis
regard.
In response to questions, Mr.. Newlands
said he would not undertake to speculate
| as to the future government of Hawaii
under United States authority. but there
could be no doubt of the establishment
and administration of government adapt
ed to the country and its people and tc
| their growing needs.
As to the climate. IL was stated thai
| the average temperature at Honolulu /.
y degrees and that IL rarely goes up to 30
Mr.. Bell of Colorado, Populist, spoke
| against annexation. His chief objection