davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15

fences wcro in nothing like the effective
condition they are now, nor had the bat
tories on the northern heights OF the Oar.
danclles, with their plunglng fire, then
been constructed. 1t is not too much to
say that, with the present appliances for
defence, in guns, explosives, torpedo boats,
and torpedoes, n ships trying to force the
passage Of those straits would meet with
disaster, assuming the shore defence to be
in the hands Of competent men, and the
naval defensive appliances to be skilfully
manipulated.
With what assurance, then, may not the
men charged with the defence of our coasts
prepare to receive an attack from whatever
quarter 1t may come, once the preparations
now making arc completed. The material
and scientific appliances at their disposal
are immensely superior to those OF twenty
years ago, but they must In everything be
kept abreast of the improvements in other
countries. With our land defences supple
mented with coast and harbor defence moni.
tors of moderate speed, light draught, and
heavy armament, local torpedo boat flotil.
las, and the channels protected by sub
merged mines, the country possessing a
tremendous force of sea.going war vessels
would hesitate before undertaking a wal Of
naval aggression against this country.
But there would be the moro hesita-
tion as a rule, because, except England
and Spain, no power possesses a genuine
naval base near our shores; and only Eng.
land has hers adequately defended.
When the works now in progress are
completed. and all are fully armed and
manned, the further steps required for ma
tional defence can be considered with the
calmness based on a sense Of security. In
the present condition Of the worlds poll
tics, when all the other nations. impelled
by various motives, are arming almost in
mad haste, 1t Is not the time for a wealthy
nation like our own to sit in beatif1c contem-
plation Of the beauties of unarmed peace.
We not only may have to repel direct attack.
but we may also have to fight to defend our
neutrality In case Of a general war OF the
maritime powers; and for this we require,
in addition to the and defences which are
to preserve our coasts and harbors invio-
late, a sea-going fleet Of battleships and
swift, powerful, armored cruisers, with
their complement of torpedo boats and tor
pedo boat destroyers. Until the universal
millennium is proclaimed WI shall have to
bear in mind that it is "a strong man armed
that keepeth his palace"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15

Mr.. ANDREW c. WHEELER of Monsey, in
Rockland county. calls the Erenin0 Post of New
York a "Gringo." This means, according to
Mr.. WHEELER, ono whose sympathies are not
given to the country in which he resides and
who in his tastes and his influence is all alien"
Granting that the Erening Post is the very
worst of Gringoes. it need give no one any
anxiety. Its power for harm will not justify
President MCKINLEY in spending n small por.
ton of tho fifty millions ut his disposal for ma.
tional defence in buying up tho Eren ing Post
and suppressing it, as he would buy n battlcship
and man it. The more serious the crisis becomes.
tho more intense and overwhelming Is the
spirit Of national patriotism, and hence the
moro contemplate the effect of tho Evening
Posts snarls at the sentiment which would
uphold American traditions in regard to the
revolution in Cuba.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
BUCKINGHAM COUNTY, Va. March IL,


To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: Gen. Max
ino Gomez deserves to rank with Washington,
Bolivar. and Lincoln as a defender of human
rights and n liberator of the enslaved. More
than threescore and ten years OF age. he stands
upon the verge of the grave heroically fighting
that his countrymenm may enjoy self.government.
He is lighting without any hope or prospect Of
earthly reward.
The offers OF Spain of wealth and high position
il he would bctray his people have been prompt
ly and contcmrtuously rejected. Without
money, credit, arms. munitions OF war, ships.
food. clothing or shelter. on an island in the sea
with q handful Of raw recruits. he has hopefully
and patiently met and repealed the Spanish bat
talions. The God Of battles has been with him,
and the cause which has inspired his heart.
brain, and soul 10 noble decds will be triumphant.
How can any sincere American democrat, M
tive or foreign born. fail to admire and love him
and to pray without ccasinG that victory with.
out alloy may crown his efforts and that he may
live to see the emblem OF Cuban nationality
float in the breeze over his country. a country
enjoying the blessings of selfgovernment and
the rewards of peaceful Industry God bless
him! FRANCIS WAYLAND GLEN.
NEW YoRK March IA.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
The Lesson of tho Oregon.

The progress of the Cuban business has
afforded a useful lesson touching another
matter. The battleship Oregon, one OF our
four mightiest, built upon the Pacific coast,
is now at San Francisco waiting orders to
join the fleet in the West Indies. If subse-
quent events cause the Administration to
bring her to the Eastern coast, she will have
to travel IA, 900 miles, through the tenn
pestuous cauldron about the Horn, instead
of @ 200 miles, which would be the voyage
were she able to pass from the Pacific. to the
Caribbean Sea, through n Nicaragua Canal.
Germany has just connected her western
and eastern coasts by means of a canal
south OF the Peninsula of Denmark. There
has been talk of France building another
between the Bay Of Biscay and the Mediter-
ranean, avoiding the passage around Spain
and Portugal. The value to the United
States of a canal across the Isthmus Of
Panama can be easily reckoned.
The German canal cuts off a circuit
around a territory of about $4,000 square
miles. A Bay of Biscay-Mediterranean cut
would cut off the circuit around a penin-
sula of 100000 square miles, or less than
the State of Texas. A Nicaragua canal
would cut off for our ships passing from
the Atlantic to the Pacific q voyage around
the South American continent, Of which
the number of square miles reaches seven
millions and a quarter.
No scheme of engineering on the globe
equals. in Importance to the country con-
templating it, that of the Nicaragua Canal.
Doubtless very many people require, to con-
vince them of its wisdom, a lesson so i'm
p~ressive as our pending preparations for
war.
1t is to be hoped that an experience equally
costly and perilous will not be needed to
satisfy some other people of the Importance
of anncxing the Hawaiian Islands.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
pREsBYTERr's UNANIMOUS NO.
Require Its Trustees to lie Communicates
Not by Any Means.

hheQuito u hfubtefh TO bS OOmmunIcuntn y
Not by Any Means.
The New York Prcsbytcry met behind closed
doors at the First Presbyterian Church ycster-
day. The Rev. DIR. John II. Paxton announced
his acceptance of tho call of tho New York
Presbyterian Church at Seventh avenue and
12sth street.
Two overtures from the General Assembly
were presented. Tho first looked to the incrcas-
ing Of the temporal power OF the session by CIV
ing to that body exclusive authority over the
service of the Church, including the time and
place Of the preaching of the gospel and over
the musical services. as well as exclusive author
iy to say to what uses the church building may
be put. This overture was affirmed.
The second overture said that tho temporal
management Of the Church ought ordinarily to
be committed to the spiritual ofiicers-the dea-
cons and the session. Furthermore. that II by
the laws OF tho State the temporal affairs OF the
Church are to the care Of the trus.
tees. all trustees should be communicates. This
overture was negativcd unanimously, so Stated
Clerk Birch told the reporters. There were asser.
tions that its enactment into law would antaG-
onlZc many of the richest friends of the Church.
The pastoral relation Of the Rev. G.. l.. Thomp-
son with the Madison Avenue Church was dis.
solved.
The committee appointed TO harmonic tho
affairs of the Seventh Church of Jesus Christ,
nj Ridge and Broomc streets, reported Mt great
length. 1t advised that Pastor John I. Wilds be
not interfercd with. The reported
that it had brought about the Reinstatement in
the church of John Black. the trustee, elder,
and sexton, who had stirred up the antagonisln
to DR.. Wild. and had been suspended from the
communion by the session. He had agreed to
The hcresy of DR.. McGiffert was not men.
toned.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
Why We Should Arm.

The disaster to the Maine will not have
been entirely without its use II, besides
bringing the country to see the necessity
for putting our coast cfences Immediately
In a condition to repel attack, 1t also
opens its eyes to the necessity of their
being kept permanently in an efficient state,
fully manned and up to the military re-
q%uirements of the time. Past experience
has shown that, as n rule, the land defence
has been superior to the attack by sea
where the conditions ave BEEN anything
like equal.
The last COMMANDMENT of land fortifica-
tions by ships of the old style was that
of Sebastopol during the Crimean war,
and the victory certainly did not lie
with the ships. although the defend.
ers In their tiers of stone casemate bat
teries suffered severely. A noteworthy fea.
ture Of that occasion was the damage in.
ficted on several of the ships of the allied
squadrons by the "wasp battery" as it was
nicknamed by the British naval men,
armed with only one heavy gun placed In
an improvised work on the summit of a
hill overlooking the entrance to the harbor.
The bombardment Of Vladivostock by the
British squadron in the China seas at the
same time was a signal failure, and ended
in the suicide of the Admiral commanding.
The last naval operation of any conse.
Quence against land works was the bonn
bardment OF Alexandria by the British
Mediterranean squadron in 1882. In this
case the attack had advantages not en-.
joyed by the ships before Sebastopol. The
fleet included some of the best armor.
ciads in the British Navy. Compared with
the weight aud penetrating power Of
the projectiles thrown by their guns, those
of the Crimean period were insignificant.
Yet as IN operation of war 1t could not be
described as successful. The Egyptian guns
were far inferior to those of the British, and
the works were inferior; yet IL is safe to
say that had other conditions been more
equal and had the Egyptians had "A tlotilla
OF torpedo boats to launch against the
British ships during the engagement, de.
feat il not disaster might have resulted.
To go back a few years from that time to
The year 1873, when a war between Eng,
land and Russia appeared Imminent, to
the question put to him by the British AG.
miralty as to what loss might be expected
he had to force the D~ardanclles, AGm.lI a.
HoRNBY, Mt thai time commanding the
british Mediterranean squadron, replied
hat he could not calculate on losing less
than three armorclads, with, perhaps, some
minor craft. At that time the Turkish de,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15

The number OF artillery pieces in the army was
4o4. The figures in tho table do not include Hook
cr's staff, the E~nginecrBrigade, the Signal Corps,
and guards and orderlies, which arc not reported
on the return as electives. but which numbered
present for duty" respectively. SO. sO7. 1873,
and 60. making a total Of 1.l16. While tho
principal operations were in progress In tho
vicinity Of Charlottesville, Gen. Stoneman,
with 1890 men WAR Records, Vol. XIV.
Part l.. page 1868, of the cavalry corps, was on
O raid in the rear of the Confederate Army. In
the beginning Of the movement Averell. with
three brigadcs and a battery. numbering " about
3.4OO sabres and six guns" War Records. Vol.
XIV. Part l.. page 1,O77,, operated on tho
line of tho Orange and Alexandria Railroad
about Culpeper and Rapidan station. Ho took
position at Ely's Ford. on the right flank of the
main army, on the night of May 9.
THE CONFEDERATE ARMY.
The War Department is not in possession Of
any return of the Army OF Northern Virginia
for the month OF April, 1868. The return for
March 81. 1863. affords the following informa.
tion rs to the forces on the line of the Kappa
hammock:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
The War or 1919.

To THE EDITOR OF THE suS-Sir: a b~enighted Brit.
Usher calls for enlightenment on a chapter OF history
upon which he once believed himself correctly =
formed.
Your correspondent. Preble Tucker. cooIly claims
the war OF l5l2 as an American victory. He is only
one OF mill ,ons. apparently. In this country. who hold
~ shat belief.
My history tells me that the United States declared
war against Great Britain on account OF the latter
country claiming a right 10 search American YES.
sells and impress such British seRmen as might be
found among the crews, 1t also tells m. that the
United states signed a treaty OI peace In whici Great
Britain did NOT rrnUuncr IIs claim t. the right "
search. Therefore. as the United States aid not
achieve its end, have always been unable TO see
wherein lay its victory.
They declared war for n certain purpose; they
signed peace without gaining their purpose: their
cap tai was taken aud iurnsi; their sh, Is were vic.
turlous IN Isolated cases By lnr aid Of the encmy's de-
seTters; their troopa refused TO cross the Canadian
border when commanded TO do so by the authorities.
II all this amounts 10 = victory, then I don't know
what they can consider a defeat. ] have always CON.
aidsTed the British came out best In 1912. j. J. n.
kEw YORK, March ~. 1875.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
CALIFORNIA; Fruit.

POMONA, Feb. eS,-The most consery alive esti-
mates OF the capital now Invested In orange
and lemon growing In California put the amount
at SI3, COO.C coo. In los Angeles county alone
some Sl9. oO0,0Oo Is invested In tho citrus fruit
industry. 1t Is also estimated that some $780,
O0o,O 600 TO 100000 is invested In California
in the growing OF prunes. peaches. olives. apri,ots.
and small fruits, A frost In Miiwlnter. when the
orange and lemon trees are in fruition. and again In
Harch or April, when the dcclduous orchards are
blossomiug, may. therefore. in a few hours ruin the
income from a capital Of from 600, 900. 900 to Sl2O..
600, 900. Since irrigation has been made a science
and a periodical heavy rainfall is not SO all,iniportant.
where insect pests are anu,hilated by gases and chem.
zeal decOctions. and where there is little possibility
OF damage from tcmpests. frost is now practically the
only menace 10 fruit growers.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
JERSEY GIFTS WATER FRONT.
A Legal Fight Begun which May Determins
Her Right TO Get to the River.

Her Right TO Get TO the River.
1t became known yesterday that a rule grant
ed by Chancellor McGill Of Now Jersey has been
served upon Corporation Attorney Douglass re-
quiring him. as the legal representative OF
Jersey City. to show cause why q permanent
injunction should not be granted to restrain the
city authorities and others from trespassing on
the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Rail.
road Compnny's property. The rule was OBJ
tanned by l. wyers MCGEE, Bedle e. McGee.
and is retut e.. bic on March 81. A temporary
injunction was granted with the order. This
may be the Inauguration Of a legal battle to de-
termino whether Jersey City has any rights in
the streets leading to the river front which are
now exclusively occupied by the railroad com.
pany.
The Board Of Street and Water Commissioned
made n contract recently with the Jersey City
Electric Light Company to erect poles. string
wires. and put up lamps along the line OF Thir.
teenth street, over the disputed territory. This
work was being done under the direction Of CITY
Lamp Superintendent John Boyd when II was
stopped by representatives OF the railroad
company.
The Hudson county Grand Jury made a pre-.
m in the Oyer and Terminer Court last
week criticising the city authorities for falling
to prosecute the city's rights to the streets lead.
ing to the river which are now monopolized ~
railroads and other corporations.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
JURon wAsHBURN DIsonARero
ne Loses H,s sch Tor votinE to Acquit sh.,,,
m ,rttu-Other persernttop,.

HAzLEToN. Pa, March 1.-the prcdi,,,o,.
that witnesses and others who had anyth,nns
do with the defence in tho trial of sheriff NJ
tin and his deputies would be subjected in =
noynnces and prosecutions upon their roturn,
their homes in the Hazleton region have aIrcoSs
boon verified In two instances. Paul Dindo,,..
of McAdoo, n miner. testified to acts OF violeno.
on the part Of the marching strikers. lie Il,
member OF the local branch OF tho United Min.
Workers and was summoned to appear a,
meeting OF that body last Saturday oyenin,
There ho was told that the union had decided "a
cxpel him because OF his testimony. When h.
left tho place of assembly he was set upon nv,
number Of foreigners and beaten unmorcifuiIy
When n policeman attempted to arrest hi, a.
~sa!lants a GROVE OF men rushed out OF tho inset,
ing room and prevented II. In the mix.up tn,
ruflans escaped. but as they are known their az
rest Is likely to follow.
,, A still nni greater outrage TT r was the diSyCharrEe from
Hontz Brothers. w~heelwrights at Freclan3
These men openly declared that they could M c
longer employ Washburn. who had been in their
s snoa Syn t0f fa 1IhSny y %urk nn% h for " sbs sSi. been SsS.,s
that, with the other jurors. he had voted for the
acqui.tal, OF Sheriff Martin, ana his deputies. ~
Yes, ! have been discharged sIil Wash.
burn to-day to THE SuN reporter, Z" because Z
did my sworn duty as n juror. | have worked
for Hontz Brothers. for u long time, and thcr
never found any fault with me. Saturday even.
Ing they told mo to be back at YORK as usual on
Monday morning. but, that same evening a
absence. He asked my wife for the keys OF III
shop and she gave them to him. Then he said
longer employ him. II we kept him we would
lose too many of our customers. The polanderr
and Hungarians have demanded that We an.
charge him or they would no longer deal with
us I nm not afraid of getting another joh5
concluded Washburn. This is n pretty bR
country, but it's pretty tough to be turned down
for doing ones duty"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
A CAT TnEED FOR THREE DArs.
Puss,'s Chns. OF "A sparrow Causad some EI-
element In JrrNry City.

A cat mp a tree for three DAYS at Seventh
street and Jersey avenue. Jersey City, attracted
considerable attention and stimulated the climb
ing propcnsitics of u number Of small boys to
repeated but unsuccessful efforts TO rescue il.
The cat climbed the tree on Friday in pursuit OF
a sparrow. The bird escaped and pussy was
unabls to get back. She was about forty feet
from the ground. She walled NJ intervals, an.
moving the people in The nciGhborhood and ~
the same time exciting their sympathy. II,
efforts made by the small boys TO rescue her
were frustrated by .hecat herself. just as one
hoy. nt Tho risk OF his meek. got within reach
ing distance OF her the cat moved out toward
the end OF the limb. Notice was sent 10
the Office OF the ;. T.. G. A.. and agents
Mcdonald and Post were sent 10 rescue the
cat. a tall extension ladder. borrowed from n
painter, was. placed against n tree. A young
man named Parker climbed the ladder with 4
long rope and a saw. He fastened one end OF
the ropo TO the limb on which the cat was
perched and threw the other end over an upper
limb, Pussy viewed The operation with arpre.
hension and crcpt out to the extreme end of the
perch. Parker sawed the limb and then. with
Ihe cat clinging to 1t. lowered Il to the ground.
The cat tried TO run away. but she was too weak
and the 8. r. c. A. agents took charge Of her.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
HITTING THE PIPE IN DEE oHA1L.
Hansen Not Responsible ir n Keeper Hurt .
PrisOncr In the Process.

The delights of existence in Ludlow Street
Jail as it was but is no more since Edward j. H..
Hansen became an ex-Sheriff, were briefly out
lined yesterday before Justice Truax in Trial
Term. Part H., of tho Supreme Court, where the
suit of jennie Williams against Tamsen for $l0,.
600 damages was begun. Mrs. Williams al
legCs that on Oct. II, 1896, while a prisoner In
the Jail under Sheriff Hansen, she was struck
by n hammer used in Il fascinating pastime
popular in that free and easy institution under
the name of hitting the pipe" Keepers and
prisoners alike took part in this game. which
consisted in breaking with n hammer a clay
pipe hung from u beam overhead in a court be.
tween the tiers of cells. The shot which missed
the pipe and struck Mrs. Williams was made
by Keeper Joseph Bennett.
were injuredf" the plaintiff was asked by her
counsel. Civil Justice Hocsch.
II did was the reply:
what was he doingf'
Part of The time he was playing cards and
then he and some others were throwing n ham
What kind OF n hammer!"
'Oh. II nail ammer.
What was he throwing II atf'
"At a pipe tied TO a crossbar over his head.
Tho hammer came into the Tier where l was and
hi; me In the side;'
Isidor Isaacs. who was a civil prisoner at the
time, testified TO having seen Bennett and other
keepers play at hitting the pipe among them
selves and also with the prisoners. Previously
Justice Truax hau given notice 10 the prosecI-
ton that they must cite precedent to show that
the Sheriff was responsible for tho acts of his
suborllinatcs. Justice Roesch said in reply:
Your Honor will take, into consideration
that it would be impossible to find a case OK.
act!v parallel 10 this, as there probably has
never been "A Jail conducted as WAS Ludlow
Street Jail under the defendant"
He then cited II number of cases, ore OF which
was u decision by IA Western court in the case
OF n Sheriff in whose jail the prisoners held an
~cXtcmporized court. One of their number was
tried and condemned iii regular court form. by
II Judge and Il jury of his peers. chosen from
among the other prisoners. was convicted OF
having broken one Of the rules and was sen.
fenced 10 pay 30 cents fine FOR beer money.
This he refused TO do. whcrcupon the court
jumped on him with both feet, aided by the
the subsequent suit for damages which he
brought against the Sheriff II was hold that the
Sheriff was responsible for the conduct OF his
jail. After argument by Civil Justice Roesch
for the plaintiff and Albert u. Boardman for the
defendant. Justice TrGaN dismissed the case on
the ground Of the On-rcsponsibility OF the Shcr-
iii. An appeal will he taken. EX-Sherif Tam
sen wa In court attended by his friend, Coroner
llOeLcr.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1898-03-15
Thc Ellsworth Bill.

Much can he done to restore Republican
strength in New York by dropping the
Ellsworth bill, and much depends upon the
manner in which it is dropped.
II can be taken OFF the Senate's calendar
sullcnly and in a way to indicate readiness
to force it again to the front when the time
is more propitious, and 80 leave to the
newspapers Of the State a sense of danger
and distrust of the Republican party or
ii can be abandoned frankly and def
ritely and absolutely, and SO satisfy the
press that the danger is passed.
The AZ vantage of the latter method Il