davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13

PRESIDENT MCKINLEY is a coward
and a trimmer.
There Is no other explanation of his
Message. He has not the backbone to
favor either peace or war, SO he proposes
an ineomprehensible absurdity.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13
ToDAYas ELECTION.

If YOU Rave not voted yet, there is still
time to do so. The polls do not close
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13
PUBLISHED EVERY AFTERNOON
BY
THE CITY PUBLISHING COMPANY
OFFICE. No. Isl WASHINGTON STREET.
THE NEWS BUILDING
Telephone call. Jersey city al.

TIE JERSEY CITY NEWS. THE ONLY DEMOCRATIC
DAuF PAPER PURLisHED IN JERSEY CITi-SlngtN
copies. Que cent: subscription three dollars per
year, postage paid,
Entered in the postonice at Jersey city as seeohu
class matter.
All business communications should be addresssu
to the Cry PUBLISHING COMPANY: all letters TOT puo
LEGATION to the Managing Editor.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13

file in the office Of the Clerk OF said Board.
Blank forms Of bid 4 apa / as gFssa = ts q s sSrs;
EAginseF ts SIX A 4sll o }sr ofyA eIigi \; :.
STANDARD
of cost.
About $50 cubic yards q earth excavation, "a
About 80 cubic yards Of earth filing, Per !
cubic yard sila,o ,,, !, ID - rock excavation. y
per cubic yard 80
About ! cubic yards Of sand or gravel nj
About mgi PSI $50 ei iinsal s4 feet Il new curb, per
Ab i'aaf. iS liinaaeaii feet 81 reset curb, per
lineal fout....-. =
About I manholes set 10 grade, each...... 2 90
About l gate box set to grade. each.--...- z 90
About ! new basin. ch..,t.s..--.... IS %
About | reset basin, ach-,...s...-.s.. . 20
About 40 ,lineal feet Of %eripbing, per s,
About BOUT 2. tSo'. square yards Of asphalt. per
About Is square yards of repasing, per
1qpars al yare1 for the eompletion Of the work =
Is working days,
The making 81 the above Improvement and
to the remonstrance Of thu owners of the prop
erty liable to more than one-ha'f the assess
ment therefor on the basis OF preliminary
Proposals must be enclosed in scaled en-
ys,opes; endorsed ID, t'Propssalas fer the l n + rsMg-
Ferd. Heintze, Chairman OF the Commit
tee on Streets and Sewers and handed 10 the
Clerk of the Board in open meeting when
called for in the order of business relating
to sealed proposals.
No city official will be accepted as surety
nor will a substitution of sureties be allowed.
Bidders must state a single fxed percentage
of the hundred per cent. standard above quoted
for which they win furnish all materials and
DO all the work eo,nprehsndsd In SPees-
fcatioas. and If final award. Of contract be
made the per cent so stated will form the
basis upon which payment will be made for
all items (.
The Board may, under the provisions of
the Act above cited, exercise Its right &c
reject any or all proposals.
The attention OF bidders is especially called
to Section I. Chapter 1874 Of the Laws Of 1881.
under the terms whereof no contract shall be
binding upon the city, or become effective or
operative until the bonds offered by the con-
tractor have been approved as to sufjciency BY
this Board and as to form by the Corporation
Counsel, the President OF this Board having the
power to examine the proposed bondsmen under
oath.
Commissioners.
WILLIAM a. TOISON,
Clerk pro tenn
Dated Jersey city, April 8. 1895.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13
HOTELS.
MEETINGS.
STOCK ROBBERS, mEETING

Stock H0ADEKsN' MEEFINE
The annual meeting Of the stockholders Of tie
Joseph Dixon Crucible Company will be held
al the o5ice Of the company, corner Wayne
and Monmouth streets, Jersey City. n. r., GA
April 18Th, 1898, 81 Two O'clock F. NJ. At which
meeting aeyen Directors VIII be eiected.
GECRGE A. LONG,
Sterexarys
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13
NOTICE
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.

Sealed proposals will be received by the Board
OF Street and Water Commissioners on Mon
day, April is, 1898. at two O'clock P. NJ. in the
Assembly Chamber of the City Hall. for the
IMPROVEMENT OF PARAMOUNT AVENUE,
between Hudson Boulevard and the Belgian
pavement at Roland street.
Said improvement to be made confor1nahly
to the provisions Of Chapter 217 Of the Laws OF
1896 and in accordance with specifications on
file in the office of the Clerk OF said Board;
Blank forms of bid and agreement of sure
ties must be obtained at the office Of the Chief
Engineer. City Hall, Jersey City, y. J.
ESTIMATE OF QUANTITIES.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13
REGULAR DEMOCRATIC EoMINA-
TIONSs
FOR sTEET AND WATER BOARD
COMMISSIONERS
ROBERT C. SMITH.

FOR ALDERMEN
Wards.
FLAMES ]. MCBRIDE.
1I.-GEoRGR D. DITTMAR.
III.-DANIEL COLE.
Iv.-SAMUAL G. WARRIS.
V.-PATRIcK. j.. MURPHY
yI.-JAMEs II. PERRY.
yII.-PETER EHRHART.
yIII.-AUGUsTUs T. LOTT.
IX.-HENRY w. MosER.
X.-JAooB J. MULLER.
XI.-AUGUsT MEsGE.
XII.-GUsTAv. A. 10TH
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13

INTERVENTION in any guise save as
the friend of Cuba Libre. means that we
should turn our arms against the rebels
equally with Spain.
Would the American people stand this?
Can we contemplate for a moment our
troops attacking the old hero of three
years bitter fighting, Gomez, and COM
polling him to surrender the victories
that he has won for the doubtful results
Of our arbitrament.
Is it not sheer insanity?
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13

This paper is Democratic IN principles
and is Independent in its uiews on all local
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13

The Presidents Message is probably the
most Illogical document that has ever
been presented to Congress.
1t recommends intervention without
recognition of the Cuban Republic. What
does this mean?
There are three conceivable ways of
intervening, We can Intervene in favor
of Spain. in favor of Cuba OF against
both Spain and Cuba.
1t is hardly conceivable that Mr.. Nc
Kinley wants US TO interfere in behalf
of Spain.
He specifically says he does not favor
intervention in behalf of Cuba.
Then he must mean that we are to
make war on both for the purpose of
forcing both to maxi peace with each
other.
But. peace on what basis? On that
of Cuban independence or Spanish SUI
premacy? Who is to decided Somebody
must, and who butswe If we assume to
dictate to both?
And if we are to dictate in the long
run, why is it not better to take sides
with one or the other party right now,
and end the war at once?
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13

TUESDAY, APRIL 12. 1885,
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13

Is it not sheer insanity?
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1898-04-13
70 CONTRACTORS.

Dated Jersey city, April 8, 1895.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

measure barrel. An announcement is
being sent out from the Office Of the
National apple Shippers association,
largely signed by dealers all over the
United States, stating their require
ments in this direction as follows:
"a large crop Of apples is expected
this season. To realize a fair price We
will necessarily export a large amount.
and as We shall have To compete with
Canada. We must have good cooperage
ard a standard barrel. The National
Appl, Shippers association and the
National League of Commission Mer
chants have already adopted the follow
ing dimensions: Head. l7,s inches; staye,
2sl5 inches between cruzius; bulge not
less than 81 inches outsi ie circumference.
The above are the measurements OF the
Minneapolis flour barrel. Believing il
FOR the interest OF the buyer, shipper and
grower TO bring about this much needed
reform. we. the undersigned agree that
we will not purchase apples packed in
barrels that hold less AN the above"
Orange Judd Farmer.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
CroS;rl Tarnips.

July is the month for planting turnirs,
As the seed is SO small the ground must
be plowed and then narrowed down to
as fine condition as possible. The most
important point in growing turaips is in
the fine soil. Sow the seed in rows which
will permit Of using horse hoes, and seed
ith hand drill which is regulated 50
as to cover the seed perfectly. Use plsnty
OF seed, as the fly does considerable dam
age during some years to plants when
they are just appearing. II too thick in
the rows the plants may be thinued
with hoe. Cultivate as soon as the
growth OF the plants will permit. IL
lhis is no; done weeds and gruss may
get the start. especially that persistent
pest known as the crab grass. A light
SHINING of tie surface close TO the
plants after every rain, using hand
wheel hoe, viii prevent weeds and grass.
After the turnip plants have made con-
siderable growth they shade the coil and
can held their own against weeds, but
the best crops are secured when The
turnips are kept clean. The ground
should be manured and the manure
worked in with the harrow before plant
ing the seed.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
Shippers Ct Fast FTs.ah..

take pleasure in advising you. npro
pos. OF our FAST FREIGHT SERVICE
from New York, Boston. Philadelphia
and Buffalo To Colorado. that the Wa.
bash having it's own line now from Buff
faloio kanss ~ CITY. will use this Iinc
instead Of the Michigan Central for
FAST SERVICE. TRAIN
81 will now be known as "HOOSAC
TUNNEL. TRAIN 81 from the above
points. In ordering freight FROM New
York, please specify that delivery must
bc made ut Franklin Street Station
before p. m.
We now intend 10 give you even better
service than heretofore. We have been
making6 days. New York 10 Denver.
aud 6i days Boston TO Denver. the
fastest service made by any line. Rates
are no hl,ner than by slower lines.
Please order all Of your freight from
the east as above.
c. NJ. HaArsos. Commercial Agent
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
The Rsnlias o. osorc, crax;ord

Sometime during Thursday the body
Of the late George A. Crawford, the
founder of this city, which has reposed
since his burial in 1894 in the vault OF
the Masonic order. was removed 10 the
high prominence overlooking the city
immediately back OF Orchard mesa GENE
tary. The site is one o. the most beauti-
ful in all this valley and oyerlooks this
city and the valley OF the Grand river
from the mouth Of the canon 10 a long
distance 20 the west and was the place
that the deceased had designated to his
executors as the place where he desired
finally to lay. 4 vault has been erected
by John J. LuInsden and while rot OF
any great ornate beauty, is subsiahlill
and will last centuries. The place se-
lected Tor the last interinent OF The re-
mains OF George 4. Crawford was site
picked out by himself and is at point
where he first bebela the beautiful Grand
valley stretching away toward the Wa.
satch range Of mouutains.--G June
tiol Sentinel.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

VIZ desire to be among those wlia
enter our protest against. the present
policy Of our army turning sdldiers into
bar keepers under the "can!een" system.
A few years ago the sutler was deprived
Of the right to sellliquor aud a "c.Intcen"
established where liquor is sold by the
regiment itself. A non Commissioned
officer and the necessary number Of
privates are detailed to run the canteen,
all profits going into the hospital fund Of
the rsgiment--in other words, enlisted
men. when detailed, must act as bar
keepers. This is abominable.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

Salt Lake City, Utah. July s.-David
II. Roatcap of Paonia, Colo, and Mrs.
Mary A. Roatcap OF Olathe, Colo, pro-
cured Il license and were married here
this morning. sir. and Mrs. Eoatcap
were formerly man and wife and resi-
dents OF Denver. Some time aso they
separated by divorce. They concluded
another's company and came to Salt
Lake to evade the law OF Colorado pro.
venting tho reunitiGg OF divorced people
within one year. The couple viii re-
turn to Denver.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
Charles Oliver Ter State Senator.

As election time approaches official
timber is being selected by the different
political parties. An offioicc which is
Of great Importance to the people OF this
section is that OF state senator. The
selection Of a capable. honest man to
this Office is desired by all. As party
amply qualified for this place, every
silver republican with whom we have
conversed unhesitatingly presents the
name of Char Oliver, Of Pitkin, who has
always been a valiant sol iier within the
ranks OF his party and a faithful silverite.
He is a fearless exponent OF his princi-
Piles, honest and straight forward. He
has been associated with mining in the
Pitkin district for years and has been a
promoter in many OF our prominent
enterprises.
Mr.. Oliver is also interesed in horti-
culture in Delta county, be owning a
fine fruit farm near Paouia on Pitkin
mesa. We understand the party in
Delta county desires the nosninasiQn OF
Charles Oliver and he will be good
selection for the silver republican party.
The nominaaiuo will come to Ms Oliver
unsolicited and he should be prevailed
upon TO accept the desire Of his party
fitk hsnef. ss n -
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

ground until late in the autumn, ard lie
pitted, or portion csn remain in the
ground until spring. A dozen roots
will give all that will be needed for
family use for lifetime. for it constant
ly Increases, and the danger il that it
will spread too fast and become trouble
some. 1t is best, therefore.to plant it in
some coraer OF the garden where it can
grow without iniuring anything.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

Mrs. W. s. Sherd, in Practical Farmer,
tells entertainly bow she manages chick
ems TO make them profitable. She says:
"As | beleive there is more truth thaa
poetry in the old saying that an ounce
of prevention is worth pound of cure.
tried Tie prevention last spring for
chicken lice. Before setting my hens
cleared the nest OF the old filling. threw
in two or three handfuls OF fresh Stacked
lime, put in fresh straw and sprahlcd
mere lime all through the straw.
busted each hen well with lime before
placing her on the meet; again in about
Two weeks | busted both nest and hen.
and at Matching tinc not louise was 10
be seen. Kept hen cooped for week,
feeding chicks table crumbs, scraps Of
bread soaked in milk. curd and occasion.
ally corn meal moistered, but not sloppy
When week old l let them out on
pleasant days after the dew was of and
fed on wheat screenings mostly, though
fed some curd and corn meal. keepiEg
milk or water near the coops at all tines
l never had chickens thrive and do SO
well, and l think two very important
things in giving them a start were their
freedom from lice ard the feeding Of
proper food. have seen people keep
chickens on corn meal slop, and 10 their
coops you would see weak, puny chicks,
and every few days two or three yes,
sometimes, eight or nine deal ones
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

We no ice with much satisfaction the
rapid increase of the birds. AS one
rides past the ranches he sees birds bui-
silly at work feeding on tho various in
sects that inf sst the crops and fruit trees.
Among the best worm des.royers are the
meadow larks and blackbirds the latter
are especially fond OF the potato worms.
The farmers should protect the birds at
all hazzards.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
STATE AND GENERAL.
C. NJ. Elliott and family. ". j. Mar,

" VI. LiIiott anu Iafnlly, w. u. MARY
mec and family. S. T. Lambert and wife.
OF Delta. arrived last Friday. Ths
gentlemen named will have chargeof
the Cortez and Monticello mail routes.
Monticello 10 attend to that end OF the
route. Mr.. Elliott wiilrun q livery stable
in this city.-Dolores Star.
i good many farmers here would do
well 10 investigate the sheep feeding
more thoroughly. The huge alfalfa
fields ought to bring feed enough and
our farmers ought to figure out the best
way 10 market it.-MontroS, Enterprise.
Mrs. A. b. Corbin aud children OF
Delta are visiting with G.. A. Sutton.
Mr.. Corbin came up Sunday and re
NAMED over the Fourth.-Ophir Mail.
l begins TO look as il Mesa county
would omit the usual Peach day celebra-
tion this year. The commissioners do
not seen to favor appropriations and
there is "a decided feeling that expenses
of.ili kinds must be curlailed.- : Grand
Valley Sun.
l.. Ii. Anderson left for his home in
Delta Thursday evening after capturing
some of the purses hung up on the horse
races.-San Miguel Examiner.
Mrs. Isabelle Moore, county superin-
tendeut of Ouray county, and Browne,
county superintendent Of Delta county,
caYna ,,,,,, From, l1,It,,ida I,., Val,,s
day. where they had been attending
meeting or the Normal Institute district
board. Mrs. Moore returned To- Ouray
the same day. while Mrs. Browne went
on dowRto Delta. The ladies were con
hGent that the Institute at Delta in
August will be u splendid one this year.
-Mou;rosc Enterprise.
From everywhere como reports of u
good hay crop, cattle are fat and iine.
wheat is beginning to ripen, so far the
fruit crop has brought excellent prices,
and the outlook for this locality is in
deed promising. We believe no scction
OF Colorado will begin to compare with
this in results OF the seasons labor 10
our husbandmen. Truly country
backed up by fruit and grain and cattle,
and lanked by mountains rich ia gold
and silver, and whose climate h the best
on earth, is an ideal spot for home. au,l
in which he who is willing TO labor faith.
fully may get rich reward fochis paine.
Such a country is tie Uncompabgrc
valley Montrose Enterprise.
Except in the deep gulehes where the
sun seldom strikes. there is scarcely any I
snow left in the Telluride
Journal.
Delta is sending some fine cherries 10
the Telluride market. IeiiuritieJ ournai
Mr.. c. NJ. Elliott, Of Delta. Colo, drove
into the county seat Monday evening
bringing two drummers. Mr.. Elliott
will take charge or Tho mail route be-
tween Cortez and Dolores july ls:; Lo
makes splendid appearance 10 begin
with; with a nicely covered stage go
those travelling over bis line can go with
some comfort.-Cortez Journal.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
SUMMER TOURS IN CANADA.
THE THOUSAND ISLANDS.
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER
nnkpN THE HIrnSaN
DOWN TIE HUDSON.

Before deciding on your summer holi.
day you should write FOR the beautiful
tourist folder published by the WA
BASH RAILROAD. the SHORT LINE
from Colorado points via Kansas City,
st. Louis. Chicago and Detroit to all
pleasure resorts OF the eas. and north
east.
ASK your nearest ticket agent for
ra,cs or write to G. IL. Hsrrson. com.
mercial agent, Denver. Colorado.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

THE dispatches over the wires yoster-
day indicated that Santiago de Cuba
surrendered to the army, Of the United
States. Yellow fever had broken out
among the Spanish soldiers and the in
vading army did not go into the city, but
took possession by a small guard.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

We, have received from the State
Agricultural College bulletin No. As, on
the loss Of water from reservoirs from
seepage and evaporation; and bulletin
No. AZ on Colorado's worst insect pests
AND their remedies. We will quote from
these publications from time TO time.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

JUsT about as many strawberries were
ain towns this season us during that Of a
year ago in spite OF the severe freeze
which caught the early blossoms.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

DEWEY has captured another import
ant point in the Philippines, the Isla
Grande at the entrance OF Subig bay.
Two OF his little ships did it. and with
out losing man. ..-..
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
1--WE Lead, 0,hers FoIloa''-.SoY Pulir,a
Sleeper "3asa.t.-

Beginning Thursday. February 1.-The
Colorado Midland will place in service
on trains 3 and 6 the new Pullman
sleeper "Basait." with ten sections and
drawing rorm. wide yesabuies ir,,iIi,l
Hcquipijed with hot and cold water in fiie
lavatoriea. Pintsch gas and upholstered
in the new Spanish brown. Take a trip
in the "Basalt' and enjoy all the lux.
uries Of modern railway travel. For
further particulars call on or address Il
II. Brooke. City Freight and Passenger
Agent. Grand Junction. CJio.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

The best way to grow horseradish is
from little roots or 5 inches in length.
and not from the crowns. Tbese small
roots will produce good fsdish III for ose
in one seasons growth. Plant the set
small end down, whore the slsnsisg cut
is. and % that the cue ~iI b inches
under the soil II remain 10 -ths
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

The cutting OF winter wheat has
begun in the lower valleys and will be
general all over the Western s opo.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

Delta county will Contribute her por-
tion TO the increased wheat output of
the year. The wheat on the river bot
toms and on the mesa lands challenge
admiration,
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

The Thermometer for the past week or
SO has hovered very closely around the
century mark. Good growing weather.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

) Ir is estimated By the authorities thai
insects destroy 6Oo,o00,OO0 dollars worth
Of crops in the United States annually
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
q Staad .rd AppIe Rarrei

Dcsiers ard shippers who will handle
q larke part oftlie ecommercial apple crop
o. 1888. which promises to be full one,
s3e oucs more taking up in earnest the
question Il Il uniform barrel. Tho
adoption Of such regular pscksge must
eventually prove . benefit to growers.
IL will serve to build up confidence on
tho part Of many cppsuaess Who have
been too often cheated in the short
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

THE day is corning, and not so far of,
when power pumps will supply many
acres on our mesas with water which are
now considered too high for use.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

a long time business manager of the
I.eadville Herald Democrat, was arown-
ed in the Eagle river near Wo!cott sta
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15

How dear TO our hearts are the
Fourths Of our childhood, as fond recol.
ection presents them to view. The
picnic, the flags that were dropped in
the wildwood, and e'cn the firecrackcrs
which Our infancy knew. The bald
headed man who read the Declaration.
and moppcd great beads Of sweat from
his shining pate; the fat fellow cong.
gestcd with an oratioD,. who made us
most weary OF anything on tho slate.
We think OF the band and the MUSIC it
killed, but how each one received their
foil moneys worth. Our eyes with dust,
and ears with noise filled but everything
went at the old-fashioned Fourth. The
CREASED pig and CREASED pole. the she'll
game nigh it; the sack race in which tho
runners all fell gat; the cane stand. the
shooting gallery close By it, and e'oa tho
rude benches on which our first sweet
hearts sat. Then in the eve came tho
display OF fireworks the likes OF which
never have been since that night; the
rockets an,icand les san memory still turks,
though many are tho years since 'they
sky wsrd took'fIighf. Tho old.fashio6ed
Fourth that has forever gone, 10 the
shades of the morning where youths
joys have flown. -Ex.
The Delta independent., 1898-07-15
Malice for rubii-~tba". -
u.aLasoo,rie, At MosTEesr rolo.,
W. W. TEDDEH

Notice for rubt,-atIan.
IL LasDo,rser At MosTIe~t rolo-i
80 ;u'yf T. isS.
Nntiee u brrc5y,l iscl Ihal in compliance With
e.. pfpttShns r Nt' Hcftf tnifrcss Of June 2.
~. cntrcl ~Aua-t f"r the salr uftiuibef lands
~ ite s'a'ss 20 caiiflrsia. urcgJs. Nevada aud
washington lcFrtury, n extended - all tho
Fable Land States by nct of Aug'f-' !, i-rl,
SAMUEL W. sskINNER.
uf ncl n, county Of Dcit, state To- t,ritaryl 81
co'op.do, has uiiS 'ny ,Iisi la fhis me- hts
4 ". y y. W. 4 a sce ln No, - " township
Ne. - Il .iang.r M. IA M. " II. Pm and Sfp
oiicr prorif TO show that the land ght II moro
valuable Tor lis inber stone than fr ayficultu-
ral purposcs, and toes abi al his calm TO mid
lana before the Rcaistcr aud gece yer of this
"fbct - Msnirosc. Colo, on Friday. the ph day
of rcptemi th.~. ff-s ~ sf I
lie names witnesses
Martin r-sev. rrr-k fruy. fr1ut Cnmpttll,
Albert H"lciofl. al of Delta, Colorado.
Any aud nli ucr-yas claiming adversely tts
above described Lands are rcgut krd To tic their
sI's,ms',n tn orsr~ss oebcios~ SD IN cry ~
sep'epesr' s'ss----, ,i,x,ox u.,,.,,,
.-asSss,.vaS. July-s ts. ptS. s~r-.b. iss.I