davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
ALGER DEEPLY GRATIFIED. Sends Congratulations to Governor.
 Elect Roosevelt.

NEW YORK, Nov. 9.-A Washington special to the Herald says: One of the first things Secretary Alger did this morn ing was to telegraph his congratulations to Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Governor elect of New York. Secretary Alger seemed deeply gratified at the result in the Empire State, as well as at the re- turns from all parts of the country When asked for an expression of opinion, he said: '"The result of the election is most gratifying. and will show to the world that the people fully sustain the admin istration of President Mckinley. It also reiterates the determination of the people of this Government to redeem all of it's pledges in favor of honest money
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
REPUBLICAN
 STRENGTH IN
 LEGISLATURE Majority of Fifty on Joint Ballot. ELECT SIXTEEN SENATORS TWENTY-sIx TO FOURTEEN IN
 UPPER HOUSE. Fusionists will Have Only About Twenty of the Eighty Mem bers Constituting the
 Assembly.
ELECT SIXTEEN SENATORS
TWENTY SIX TO FOURTEEN IN
 UPPER HOUSE.
Tn the Legislature the Republicans

Tn the Legislature the Republicans will have fine working majority ln each house and a very large majority on joint ballot. Returns secured up to midnight show that the Republicans have elected sixty of the eighty Assemblymen The Democrats have elected eleven Assemblymen. One in dependent in San Bernardino wins.
 The Republicans also elect fifteen of the twenty new Senators, and these added to the eleven hold-over RepuO- licans insures twenty-six of the forty Senators.
 The following is list of the Senators and Assemblymen elect and the ho!d- over Senators.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
SILENCE AS TO
 FASHODA APPROVED

ANTWERP, Nov. 9.-The French newspapers generally approve the si- lence of the Chamber of Deputies on the subject of Fashoda, and congratu- late M. Brunot on his withdrawal of the interpolation which he intended to address to the Government on the sub ject.
 The Reicle says it regrets that Major Marchand did not observe the same ret icence at Cairo.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
TO CARRY OUT THE
 EVACUATION OF CUBA

CAIRO, Egypt, Nov 9-Major Mar chand and Captain Baratier start for Fashoda on Thursday or Friday to carry out the evacuation of that place by the French garrison, which will re- turn by way of Abyssinia to Jibutil, six months journey
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
Claude Vautin Arrested in Italy.

LONDON, Nov. 9.-Claude Vautin, the metallurgist and inventor. well known on the Pacific Coast, where he had lectured on mining subjects and who was reported to have left London recently after a financial coup by which he secured 220,- 900 (s100 ,0O0) in Bank of England notes and American railroad securities, was ar- rested In Florence, Italy, this afternoon.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
ORANGE COMPLETE.
Gage Has Plurality of Two Hun
 dred and Fourteen.

SANTA ANA, Nov. 9.-Unof1cial but complete reports for Orange County give Gage a plurality of 214 and Needham a majority of 312. Republican Assembly, man Is elected and the Republicans win eleven of sixteen county officers.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
AIIudes to Protectordte Over Egypt oDd the Fashodd
 Controversy.
The Premier Declares That Great Britain Can Never Permit It's DefeDses to Be
 WedkeDed.
Special Dispatch to The Call.

e-T publishes dispatch c Mediterranean
  sgnaed the . Q Forbn hrd her fastest 6 assemble immediately at 6 Wher 5 andsh shpyards have been worked all night 0
 
 . 2
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
saN ERANclsco CALL.

BUSINESS OFFICE of the San Francisco Call. corner of Market and Third streets, open until 12 o'clock every night in the year.
 BRANCH OFFICES-527 Montgomery street. corner Clay; open until e:30 o'clock
 2S7 Hayes st; open until s:3o O clock.
 621 McAllister street; oper until s;SO O cicck 615 Larlin street; open until 9;3O O CLOCK
 2261 Market street, corner Sixteenth open until o'clock.
 1o6 Eleventh street. open until o'clock 2526 Mission street; open until O clock NV. corner of Twenty-second and kentuck' streets open until o'clock.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
LATE SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
ARRIVED.

ARRIVED.
 Wednesday, November g. Stmr Australia. Houdlette, days hours and 45 minutes from Honolulu Stmr Point Arena, Hansen, IA hours from Mendocino
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10

Advances made on furniture and pianos. with or without removal. J. Noonan. 1Q17- 1923 Mission.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10

COUNCIL Chamber of Winnemucca SA Tribe No. 61 Improved Order of zzSEFsSsss Red Men-Chiefs and brothers, you <-HI29 are invited to attend our council of November I1 and witness the adoption and conferring of degrees upon twenty palefaces. Frater- naIly in F. r. & c.
 H. L. STACEY. c. of R.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10

ANNUAL 1neeting.-The regular annual meet ing of the stockholders of the Honolulu Sugar Company will be held at the office of the company. S27 Market st., San Francisco, Cali fornia on MONDAY, the Fist day of Novem- Der, 1SsS at the hour of 10 oclock m, for the purpose of eecting board of directors to serve for the ensuing year and the trans action of such other business may come before the meeting. Transfer books will close on Thursday, November 10 1S9S at o'clock D. m. E. H. SHELDON, Secretary. THE regular annual meeting of the stockhold- CTS of the California Wine Makers corpora ton will be held at the Chamber of Com merce, i51 California st., San Francisco, on WEDNESDAY, November 16, 1898, commence ing at II o'clock a. m. CALIFORNIA WINE MAKERS CORPORATION, Per w J. HOTCHKISS, Secretary and Manager.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10

 PIERCE-RUDOLPH Storage and Moving Co. Office 4o1 Post st.. cor. Powell; tel Main sIlA
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
HELP wANTED-Continued.

AT c. R. HANSEN & CO.'S. 1o4 Geary st, SIG ticket Alaska. SI0 2O0O rockmen and laborers to work on the Skaguay and White Pass railroad; steady work all winter fare S16 c. R. HANSEN N CO., 1O4 Geary st.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10

FUNERAL notice-Offcers and funeral 2. delegation of the Austrian Benevolent MSE@ Society: You hereby notified to Sss,flSS assemble at your hall. 413 Sutter st.. QELg5 THURSDAY November 10 1898, at ]
 D. m. sharp, for the purpose of attending Ine funeral of our late brother, CHARLES LIND WALL. By order of -
 CANEECrH SacretarY.
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
HELP WANTED-MALE.


 TO-DAY. MURRAY 6 READY TO-DAY Leading Employment and Labor Agents. Phone Main 5S4S. WANT. Tel. Main 5S48 b laborers for a sawmill company; S6 tie makers. &c., Sc and 12c each. ch.................... farmers and wives ........................... boys to learn trades ......................... 10 Italian labOrerS ..............S26 and found Shingle packer, boss here. re.................. Tailor, country shop ........ Barber, country carpenters, country ...............S2 50 day MURRAY & READY, 12 COOKS. different places. .... from s55 to s25 walters, different places ....from $30 to $20 Butler, city $40 Bartender, country ............. $50 and found MURRAY & READY, .634-636 Clay st. WANTED-Stableman. $50 and found; 10 la borers for mill and woods, s20 to s26 and found; American milker, small dairy. s25 and found; blaeksmith's helper s1 50 day, and others. Apply to J. F. CROSETT & CO, 62s Sacramento st.
 wANTED-Broiler, s45 and room; German sec $40; oyster opener $35 second baker S40 walters, dishwashers, porters, bellboys, etc Apply to J. F. CROSETT & CO, CPS Sacra- mento st.
 ..................... WANTED .................... Ranch blacksmith, good steady job near city, S30 per month and board. d......-............ Brand boy for laundry in city. s3 50 per week and board. ....-.................. Neat elderly man to work in private family Eermer .S25 Teamsters, for city. .........................N 50 Cooks, walters and others. rs....................
 ". D. EWER & CO. 626 Clay st
The San Francisco call., 1898-11-10
SPECIAL NOTICES,

of the Holidays-First Christian Church. Twelfth st., near Howard; Thursday and Friday evenings, November 10 and II; season tickets, 25c.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
New HAVEN.

Miss Amelia Washburn is in failing health.
Albert Dodge Of Rutland was in town on
Saturday
Miss Kathalena Hoffman is visiting in
I.ittleton, \. II.
G. w. B. Wells of Cluett's Piano firm, Troy,
n. Y, was in town on Tuesday.
Charlotte Johnson of NIddlebury college is
the guest of Marianne Landon.
d. L. Ross has opened fish and oyster
market in the basement of Benedict's store.
Fred Baldwin of Swanton is the guest of
his cousins, Charles and George Palmer.
Mrs. f. S. Weston and daughter Grace have
returned from several weeks visit with rel
atives in Newfane and vicinity.
The senior class OF Beeman academy and
the Christian Endeavor society announce a
course of lectures to be given in the town
hall this winter. The following are the sub
ject; Concert by the Middlebury College
Glee club on Friday evening, Dec. 9; "The
four G's', Rev. L. A. Biglow; "Shakespear,
the Dramatst', Miss Susan Elizabeth Archi-
bald; "Life in Appalachian America" Rev.
c. f. Partridge; mysteries" f. S. Weston,
NJ. D.; "The New England Village" Rev.
J. II. Hoffman.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
WEar CORNWALL.

Charley Adams is i'll with fever.
Mrs. Joseph Remily is on the sick list.
II. E. Taylor remains about the same, with
little change toward improvement.
The sociable at c. NJ Hanks's was well at
tended, nearly one hundred being present.
The schools in town will open next Mon
day, the 18th, with a competent corps of teach
ers.
Dr. and Mrs. S. E. Maynard of Burlington
were guests over Sunday of Mrs. Maynard
father, O. a. Field They were on their way
from New York city, where they had been for
several weeks.
The Helping Humid will meet with Mrs. NJ
A. Hamilton Tuesday afternoon of next week,
Nov. 20. The next sociable of the Helping
Hand will be held at NJ. S. Keeler's Wednes-
day evening Nov. 80, when there will be a
reunion of the "Mother Goose" family The
goslings are requested to appear in costume
and to have ready an original phrase suitable
to their character. Nice refreshments as
usual.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
What Shall We Do.

A serious and dangerous disease pre-
walls in this country, dangerous because
so deceptive. 1t comes on so slowly yet
surely that it is often firmly seated before
we are aware of ii.
The name of this disease which may be
divided into three distinct stages is, First,
Kidney trouble, indicated by pain in the
back, rheumatism, lumbago, frequent de-
sire to urinate, often with burning sem
sation, the flow of urine being coplous or
scant with strong odor.
If allowed to advance, this reaches the
Second stage, or Bladder trouble, with
heavy pain in the abdomen low down
between the naval and the water passage,
increasing desire to urinate, with scalding
sensation in passing, small quantities
being passed with difficulty, sometimes
necessary TO draw it with Instruments.
If uric acid or gravel has formed, it will
prove dangerous if neglected.
The Third stage is Bright's disease.
There is comfort in knowing that DR..
kilmer, the great kidney and bladder
specialist, has discovered a Remedy fam
GUS for its marvellous cures of the most
distressing cases and known as DIR.
Kilmer's Swamp-ROOt.
1t is sold by all druggists.
As proof of the wonderful virtues Of
this great discovery, Swamp Root, a
sample bottle and book of valuable infor-
nation will be sent absolutely free by
mail on application to DR.. Kilmer e Co.,
Binghamton, n. Y. When writing kindly
mention that you read this liberal offer In
the REGISTER,
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
NNEs.


Mrs. Dr. X. Severance of Keesvlle n. ",
is guest of relatives in town.
Cook, the Brandon photographer, has
located in the Adams block of this city.
Thanksgiving services were held in the
churches Thursday and were largely attended
l. II. Donnelly and wife went to Boston
Monday to spend Thanksgiving with
relatives.
Mrs. w. w. Booth and daughter returned
Monday from weeks visit with relatives at
Pittsburgh.
Assistant Inspector 1. V. Williamson of
Bristol inspected the Sons of Veterans last
Friday evening.
Geo. II. Kinsly of Burlington will open up
in the Gaines block Dec with stock of
dry goods and crockery.
William Taber, son of a. B. Taber, went to
Boston Monday, where he has a position in
the Merchants Dispatch companys Office.
Ex-mayor Frank w. futile and Landlord
Gaines of the Stevens House visited the
capital at Montpelier Thursday, the 18TH.
DR.. NJ. d. Smith of Middlebury, Fred
Walker of Burlington and F. d. Wells of
Stowe were registered at the Stevens House
/ Monday.
About fifteen tons of poultry was packed
here Thursday, the 18th, for the Boston
Thanksgiving trade. Sixteen to IS cents
was paid for turkeys; 10 to IL for ducks
and geese and s to IL cents for fowls and
chickens.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
County l1ems.



Dennis Crossman has moved to Shorham.
Mrs. Lucy Howe is recovering from her re-
cent illness.
b. w. Crane and wife intend to spend the
winter in Florida.
B. w. Myrick and r. E. Kingsland shipped
three tons of poultry for Thanksgiving.
r. E. Kingsland has purchased meat mar
ket and grocery in Crown Point, N. Y, and
is about to take possession.
In the Crane school the following pupils
have had no tardy marks: Jessie Crane,
Alice Odell, Claude Odell, Clyde Odell, Leon
Shackett. Those having no absent marks are !:
Jessie Begor, Tommy Shackett, Leon Shack
EFT. Those whose average daily standing has
reached the mark of 90 per cent and above
are as follows; Jessie Begor Edith Begor,
Grant Crane, Lena Blaze, Claude Odell.
The school in district No. I, taught by
Miss Laura Kelsey, closed by raising the first
schoolhouse flag in town. Much credit is
due the teacher and scholars for their efforts
in procuring funds for the banner. Tickets
were sold at ten cents each. The exercises
opened with prayer by Rev. G. f. Cady,
followed by appropriate recitatons by the
scholars and an interesting talk by Mr.. Rice,
commander OF our local G. A. Il. post, after
which George Palmer, having sold the most
tickets. raised the flag
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
BOSTON PRODUCE MARKET.



Thanksgiving week is always an of week
in the butter market, as the attention of the
trade is given almost to turkeys, and 1t is I'M
necessary to say much about prices. For
strictly fine fresh creamery which is only in
small lots, there has been fair demand, but
all other kinds are inactive. Receipts last
week cleaned up fairly well, and a slight
stittening up in prices was noticed but there
is not enough selling this week to give solid
basis to values Small lots of Vermont
creamery ran up to 2lA cents, but for large
lots 1t is hard to get over 81 cents. A good
deal of the fresh make arriving has frosty de-
fects, and prices take lower range.
further advance in cheese is It ported in
the country and the market is stronger here.
but buyers are slow to respond. Sales of
choice Northern have been at pa to 10 cents,
with fancy twins at l0l4 cents, but late arriv-
ais cannot be bought for less than l01s cents.
The egg market maintains a firm tone on
fresh stock. Ordinary grades command 25 to
26 cents and higher range for fancy new
laid which are wanted. Refrigerator stock
in good demand al Is to 16 cents, and some
command IL cents.
Turkey were i'll larger supply yesterday,
and prices declined to cents per pound.
The best Northern did not go over Is ents,
and 10 and l6 cents as the range for the bulk
of the sales during the day. Choice Western
dropped to IL and Is cents and before the
close good lots could be bought at IL to 49,
cents The cause of the decline was the large
throw of Western, which was about twice as
much as was expected.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25

M. E. Sprague and wife are at Col. Gill
mores in Swanton for a month or more.
Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. n. Baker are visiting Mr..
and Mrs. II. A. Clark at st. Adams for few
days.
G. II. Spriggs is at Boston seeing to the
sale of his large lot of poultry shipped last
week.
Don P. Hurlburt was surprised by large
number of his young friends one evening last
week.
New belts, ETC., are being put on at the saw
mill, which will make it much better for
business the coming winter.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Shaw are home for a
week or more. Mr.. Shaw will commence his
regular work in few weeks.
The Epworth League will give an enter
tainment at the town hall Friday evening,
Dec. 2. A program consisting of vocal and
instrumental music, Rotations, ETC., will be
given in the room above after which a variety
supper will be served in the lower room.
President Brainerd filed the NJ. +. pulpit
last Sunday to general satisfaction. His
subject, "Faith in unseen things" led to many
beautiful and spiritual thoughts, all of
which he gave in an earnest impressive man.
ner, by which all were led to better and higher
ideas of the life of a Christian.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
RIPTON.

D. c. Bent is raising and repairing the
roof to his mill.
1t is expected that the West Cornwall pray
ing band will be at the NJ. E. church Sunday
evening next. A cordial invitation for all to
attend is extended.
Two young and giddy youths of about
seventy and seventy-fve years respectively COM
mitted elopement few days ago by crossing
over to York state, where the moose matri-
monial was drawn tight.
At a meeting of our selectmen held on the
10Th, W. S. Huntey was appointed to fill the
vacancy in the board of school directors and
trustees of the library occasioned by the re-
moval and resignation of O. f. Hurlburt.
The directors of our cheese factory have
been closing up its accounts for September
and October, and find that the patrons re-
ceved nearly 7615 cents per hundred for
September milk, and nearly S915 cents for
October, while some September cheese brought
in Boston ol9 cents, which is above any
regular market quotation.
b. f. Tucker has an iron spectacle case
that belonged to his great-grandfather, Benja-
min Tucker, and steel spectacle frames from
the house in which the mother Of Martha
Washington (wife Of Pres. Geo. Washington
lived in Fredericksburg, Va. Their appear
ance indicates great age, being massive and
made for round lenses. They are part of
the colonel's captures during the late dis
agreement
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
Advertising is business Insurance.
BEATS THE KLONDlKE.

Mr.. A. G. Thomas, of Marysvllle, Tex,
has found a more valuable discovery than
has yet been made in the Klondike. For
years he suffered untold agony from con-
sumption, accompanied by hemorrhages !;
and was absolutely cured by DR.. Kings
New Discovery for Consumption, Coughs
and Colds. He declares that gold is of
little value in comparison with this
marvellous cure; would have it, even if it
cost hundred dollars bottle. Asthma,
Bronchitis and all throat and lung affect
tlons are positively cured by DR.. Kings
New Dis covery for Consumption. Trial
bottles free at Sheldon's Drug Store.
Regular size 30 cts. and $100. Guaran-
teed to cure or price refunded.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
FERRIS BURG,

Rowley Preston is on the sick list.
S. Preston is on fur-buying trip through
the east part Of the state.
Mrs. S. Preston and Mrs. Thos. Eagan are
visiting relatives in Williston, Vt.
Chas Upper and O. II. Sherman have
their houses connected by telegraph.
Mrs. B. w. Field and her mother have gone
to Providence, r, l., to spend the winter.
Miss Bernecia Ella Avery is spending few
weeks in Brandon, visiting her grandparents.
VIM. S. Birkette had the misfortune to
stick a rusty nail in his foot last week, but is
able to be out again.
c. N. Field shot himself at the residence of
Mrs Bailey Saturday evening, about o'clock.
The ball entered the head near the right ear,
and death was inst antaneous.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
EAST MlnnIERuRY-

Mrs. NJ. f. Maynard has been visiting the
family of Almon Woodcocll in Addison.
DIR. Bibbee late of Salisbury, having sold
out his practice there is now located in this
village.
Mrs. May Lepley has returned to her home
in Montana Her brother, Clinton Tisdale,
accompanied her.
Miss Alverta English and Charles English
returned on Saturday from their visit with
relatives in Benson.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
West ADDISON.

Mrs. l. Helms and daughter Freda, visited
at Elverton Wards last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. Youngs have moved into
Julia Driscolls cottage on Lake street.
Mrs d. c. Smith has gone to Concord,
Mass, to visit her daughter, Mrs. H. H.
Bradley.
George Raine and Chester Mulholland have
gone to New York city, where they expect to
work this winter.
Communion services were held at the
NJ. f. church last Sunday morning. Quarterly
conference was held Tuesday afternoon.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25

f. c. Dixie and the Ridley estate do not
expect to rebuild till next spring.
B. c. Sargent has his cellar wall completed
and the first story of his building nearly up.
Mrs. w. II. Ridley, who went to New York
two weeks ago on a visit to friends, returned
home on last Saturday.
Miss Edith Rogers, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. c. W. Rogers, sailed from New York
for Europe last week, Wednesday.
Mrs b. X. Thompson, who came from
Chicago about year ago to care for her
mother, expects to return next month.
J. w. Page went to Montpelier last week
and from there to Cambridge, where he eX-
poets to remain for two or three weeks.
Levi Warner, who was in the employ of B..
A. Atkins previous to the fire, has entered the
employ Of the Dunshee x Chaplin dry goods
store.
The Wid's estate and DR.. d. \. Bsbee
have their cellars cleared out and the walls
partly laid and will erect their buildings as
soon as possible.
Charles Mulllieur Of Starlsboro has ex-
changed his farm for the home and lot Of
VIM. LaFountan on Taylor avenue, and
takes possession at once.
Miss Lillian Porter, daughter OF Mr..
and Mrs. Charles Porter, and Bert Smith
were married at the residence of the bride on
Mountain street on Tuesday evening.
There was about twelve tons of poultry
bought here on poultry day, from IA to 10
cents per pound being paid for turkeys,
The Bristol football team went to Rutland
yesterday to play the Institute team of that
city.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
LEICES TER.

Mrs. Geo. Johnson is i'll.
The paint mills have closed for the winter
Mrs. Jessie Capron has sold her farm to
Michael Mayhem.
Thomas Armstrong is building an ice-house
near the Corners, preparatory to putting in a
creamery in the spring.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
HANCOCK.

There was dance at Gupts Nov. IS.
Mrs. J. II. Address is getting no better.
Guy Wheeler has hired Frank Whitter's
farm for year.
Mr.. and Mrs. Geo. Blaire are rejoicing over
the arrival of a little son.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
LIVE STOCK.
I Furnished by NJ. S. Carr. |
OTHER COUNTY MARKETS.

BRISTOL, Nov. 2l-Saturday, market day,
dairy butter sold at II to 10 cents a pound [;
separator butter 30 to q cents Il pound; eggs,
% cents dozen; dressed poultry, 10 to IA
cents a pound; potatoes, 80 to 32 cents a
bushe.
VERGENNEs, Nov. 81 Saturday, market day,
was, on account Of rain, but SHINY attended.
Dairy butter sold mt II to Is cents a pound /;
creamery, 10 to 20 cents; eggs. "A cents a dOz
en-; dressed poultry, II to II cents n pound !;
dressed pork and beef, So to So "a hundred I;
hay, So to 81 n ton.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1898-11-25
CORNWALL

The Misses Frost invite all the ladies to
their home on Thursday afternoon, Dec. I, at
o'clock, for meeting of the Woman's
Missionary society Mrs. w. w. Eaton will
be present and give report of the recent
meeting of the w. B. NJ. at Springfield, Mass.