davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12
WINTER WORK IN MINES


The deep snow has not iniesieTed with
The activity that prevails In al u the
Occur d'Aisne campo. All II them are
now liseller than they Aars ever been-
AZ Mnllaa the Morning. min l. pounding
Out more concentrates than essF before
since 4 has been opeFntea. and the own.
srA LArs0n q 0reenongh. aFe said 10 BE-
sleArlng up good profit ON their ship-
.menta. There have been extensive I'm,
pf0Fements made abssit the miIl reeently
and At the mines. away up On the mount.
Gin haek ~ the tnwn. The narrow gague
Fnpd that carries doMn las ore to the mill
kaa Ill that Il can do to keep the hig plant
rtERnlng, and Mniian i now one u the
la,siest camps In tbs whole region. A. The
~ properties on Canyon creek every
thing y running ii ths top match. and
hmndSpds II men aTe q work. The Nam
moth. Standard. Frisco, PoormAn and II
gsE an ~ chipping al the concentrates
that thsiF mills can produces and there \
mnan % b. nnntAsf mill bailt ~ Gem d
handle the Mammoth ore. The ro0FmaE
md Tiger plant h working full blast and
the eanyon = seeing better times than I
has feF naany years. Al Wnrsiner the tasi
Chance and the bunker Hili and snllivaI
n,inea are eFewding their EeeoFd tor pro
Anetkna and The tewn h basy plaoe. n
Fnsh eF pEnspeeting thai was started thEs'
years ago kas eoniinneA thruagh the pas
year and there are HnmeEesas nsw pscF
estlss II ths Mise Mile and eunsst dis
iTSrts that nd fsir 10 rival the oidsg PTog
critics ia PFcauetsan and Eiehnena-
latte 0~@ stEthe.
A sieh strike h EspaStaA 10 hare besi
naais 81 The hett0m u the e0-fn0t sasai
In ths IIttie Gem nlIe, abani three milk
easl II Roek cat and abaat oas mile tFnu
tbs weii knopn Giant claim. Aimost
meath aga vagne FepoEt gsined cnFrtr
~ that sieh strike bad heNn unade !
the LliiIs Clem IN The fissrs Lake dtstsis'
bot nSshing dsGnite eoal1 b. Raines
k0me n thu ampiea we're bTopsht - Ma
esaa, whieh skoweA mairabls fFre enis
and Il wa stated that thsy vuulA ass
an lhs way from esS0n0 "a eiOn00 10 u
ten. These we're nd meEs ehips. but ths
were ehnnks a rock six tn<hRs lnna. WIKI
WpWld WNl8h uotn hNe 10 tNA An1A
Il y aid that ths vran runs tFnnsseTM
b awsoes the botsSm u the sAais dearxsl
iAe nentiy EaEpSnAieaiaT dip. and b ID
70 iArhes in widlh. with fsse Reld sPaE~
u scattered thspagh lhe Iork 0utmids q
pssn This property u Owned BY q
FEDERAL AiiaInG eompany a Spokane. .
vaismilne lsimg one II tho pEsnespai a.
osiainal Shareholders TheFe \ Nc ~
se NJ PissTv's LAKE district In caan
qnenes Il The nsw Sisike.
kasta nhtpae1as.
Ihs Payne usins has repaired lta -
sAinssy and wIoins The list u shipps
A. ths past wesk. With = FseuFd q =
tsss Il ore, uhleh bsiAga he tnlai shi
anenfs ios The wesk Oses ths Kasio 4 y
eMn railway he water tfaRspoStntion fro
Ea.ka. A.. INN es,s.s a. N.til,6ay
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12

Washington. Feb. n.--caplaln Lniz. h
command q the Alert. has eahlef The
navy department that he has hnded ma.
rines At San Juan del Sur. Nicaragua. iof
the protection Of the American consulate,
owing 10 The fact that revelation =
hrsaklna out.
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12

seattle. Feb. SIX. ". Hyde. recent
arrival from South Dakota, reported 10
the police yesterday that be had been
bnncoed out q $500 BY man who called
himself II. G. Patterson. who persuaded
him 70 cash forged draft.
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12

AtNtA1 curing ANf 4tak 70 NAtt 4F4" ~ -
o. liifIe - than ] PEI cent d ~ city
population The report further shows
that ont a the total nnniIer n deaths.
81 were maies and l5e females A. class
fled among Diseases o. e&unes tie report
shows ~ have resulted from pnenmonias
mining accidents. 20; other accidents. 3 /;
consumption. 20; suicides. 20
The kite w. @. Latimer was 4 pioneer
81 pioneeTx n King county He buIlt the
first house that was used 6or schooI par
poses 70 King county. II Was located On
the back end % the l0t where the Guliivan
block Stands nov. Mr.. Intimcr bnilt the
house IN 1858, and IN the spring Of 1855
turned It 0Ter 70 Mrs. d. y Blaine for :
school house II was ~ Mr.. LAtimeTs
houae that the ATst regnlsx church ser-
vices were hold IN Seattle. Rev. D. 4.
Blaine was the ofsieiating clergyman. His
iirst serna0n was delivered on the nrst
Sunday Of Deeembes, 1855. Mr.. Iatfmer
was one 81 th0se who helped load the first
vessel that mfied away with . lad d
Puget sound InmbeE He served King
county a. treasurer fposn iss2 70 les0.
n
The bonded indebtedness q Aootena'
county, - shown BY the tEeaalFeEss r.
port 70 the board q county conmlsslon
y si4sp1 ~ tins amount so.v bear
per cent. eD00O per cent, and the re-
mainder 6 per cent interest The entire
sum becomes due within the aexf y years
The greatest amount 70 pc paid N any SIN
gle year y m 1906, when sls'SfS becomes
due.
The record Of mortgages released n -
tai county during Deeember shows that
fully 100000 Of mortgage tndebtednens hal
been discharged Il = estimated thal
fully flSO0OO Of mortgages has been PAX
during the six months IRON July % Jan
uary- With considerable proportion o
the Whaat crop stili nnsoid, Z does no
seem an exaggeF1tion 70 put the amonn
OF mortgages that Hiil have been paid Z
the year toiloEing July l, 1877, a. szs0,
600 70 100000.
The report that three men were drown
) ed in the Pend d'Oreille river near ~
NArkhamis ranch has been confirmed IN
names ct the men are Carl Hagan.
Randall and q. Haukiand. me thre
men were in q boat which became tonie
in Some thin ice. 4 =. sage Who iiEs
down the river, heard the men shoutln
|. about 3 O'Clock IN the evening and ire
e get 70 them, but found that lnposalbl
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12
Total
On nlaasn creek.

sconcenlrates
On mtaaen Greek.
Me.rA RststeFpT and Clements II Mel.
snn. n G., have bsrune owners 81 the Ilia.
mnth. Squire and Leading claims. The
claims arr located on Hidden Creek. four
and half miles east d the Nelson q
Fort sheppard railway. and one mile from
the union Jack claim near saImo Tho
price waa eson0. The Bismuth shows six
veins varying IN width from two 10 seven
Iees. carrying Iron pyrites and Raiena. The
squire shows four veins. 10 to % ieet In
width. carrying iron pyTites and gAlena.
The Leading shows one vein four feet In
width. carEying iron pyEisea and aSseaic.
The formation of each claim 4 porphyTy
and slate. The sellers are well known
Local parties and The claims give = good
showing - FAR e. developed.
On ctaastea Greek.
A. 7. Winter, secretary and treasures
Of The Comstock Mining company, receiv'
ed returns from the Tacoma snelter iol
their Art shipment Of ore from theiI
properties on CuRston creek. 10 mile
norih. The chaneteF Of The ore IA lead
tNNu0uAAes Caft|tHA MANtls AMe tNttAAAa
show q net profit Of eessO per ton, q
oaee 70 the full carload. The Comstocl
Il promising silver.lead property Of
Cngston creek, and with lie present Dc
velopment has shipping capacity o
about three carloads Of ore per week will
force oi alx men. The orr shipped va
taken from the main shait At depth q
80 feet from The surface from q well d
fined ledge four feet In thickness.
~ the FePt steele niatFiet.
The North Star mine In Fort steel
district Il increasing IL working fore
rich ore has been made on the Dibbl
gfour IL Fort Steele district. but a
owners are retleent about giving info
nation. The ore In the lowest levels
said 10 run over 800 per ton In gold an
silver. Charles y. Smith Of Spokane h
taken bond from George +. Watson IN
Harold winteFbotham on the Barto
wlnstay and Maple Leaf claims on n
river, paying 1000 cash, the balance
9l41O0, payable November 4, 1908
Metal Prediction.
The average production Of Al metals
Montana last year was 1855. sol p
month. Colombo averaged e2,Di4,7s5 a
California averaged 81 sos. eSs. Hcuthe
Koolenay had exported up 10 January
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12

Victoria. B. C.. Feb. THE steamer
Queen left yesterday morning with 800
miners for the Yukon. She viii be fol.
lowed today by The Danube with over
900 more.
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12

The average production Of an metals In
Montana last year was es,Ss2.e9l per
month. Colombo averaged e2,Dii,7s5 and
California averaged q sos. 2ss. Southern
Koolenay had exported up 10 January q
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12

Ths Payne mins has repaired Ita ~.
shinssy and wioins The list u shippssa
A. ne past wesk. With . FupuFd a go
tans u nse. uhich hsiAga The tnlai ship.
snenfs iog The wesk Oses ths Kasio 4 SO.
eAn railway tuE water tfanspostation frus'
knsia 10 iD00 tnna. as follower
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1898-02-12

Rnasland shipsnensM q ore last week
aggregated l2e0 taus. AZ toiiowss IR
Ilol 1000. War Eagle las. CsnisF star 70.
IEua Mask % sAipmsnia Coz this year
- Ear UrEs a9ee tens.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
Fruit Growers.

The Fruit Growers Association
meet again tomorrow afternoon at
the old Bailey Bank building. All
the members should be present and all
the fruit growers who do not belong
should become members. This asSo-
citation did much last year to advertise
Chanute as fruit center ana was
the means of bringing several
thousands dollars into our community
that would otherwise have gone to
some other point. All the fruit raised
in this vicinity was sold at good prices
and for cash; the association managed
its affairs in such a manner that Cha
nute's citizens had fresh berries each
morning, the fruit left over being
shipped out each night. This organ
ization will make an effort to get a
canning factory at this point the com
ing season. SO far, their efforts have
been directed principally to different
kinds of berries, but in case canning
factory would be located here, toma
toes, corn, beans, pumpkins and other
crops of this nature would be encour'
aged. Our soil is well adapted tt
small fruit culture and the Fruit
Growers Association should be encour
aged by our business men.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
A Little Late.

The equinoctial storm which was
due on the 10Th inst did not arrive till
Tuesday 22d, inst, but what it lack
ed in promptness it made up in sever
ity. 1t began getting colder Tuesday
morning and continued during the
day and by night the freezing point
was reached. Many persons had gard
en- Sass" up while Others had
oats up and looking nicely
all over the field; lilac bushes were
leafing out and were in bud, while
many persons had planted their house
plants out in the regular flower beds.
When they awoke Wednesday morn
ing all were frozen stiff; some will
come out but many Of the tender va
rieties are gone where the Woodbine
tWineth.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
The Cuban Relief Fund

The pupils of our city schools heard
the cry for "help," that came from the
down trodden people of Cuba, and
when the opportunity was offered
them, they demonstrated their SYM
pathy in the following substantial
manner. They did this without any
urging on the part of the teachers and
to the kindness Of the hearts Of the
pupils is due the credit for this re-
markable contribution. The follow
ing shows the amount contributed in
provisions and cash from each ward:
First ward, Ii W
Second ward .............,.,.......''. 20 w
Third ward 80 Oo
Fourth ward .......................... 90 20
Total ...''.'''''''''''''''9 Loo !"
Amount of this in cash 5 ID Il.
This was done under the manage
ment of MI G, V. Dennis. j. w.
Weltner, Supt.
The Coffeyville Healer DR.. j. Good
wine IS at the Sherman house where
he will cure all diseases such a tu-
NOR. cancer, sores, rheumatism,
paralysis, neuralgia, stiff joints, sore
eyes and many others; removes tumors
cancers, warts and moles with out
medicine or knife; consultation free
and confidential; lady attendant for
ladies.-J. Zellers, Manager.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
Warming.

All persons who trim hedges adjoin-
ing public highways in Tioga-twp.,
are hereby warned against leaving
brush and not burning IL. in the high
ways, as all such distractions are in
violation of laws. E. Beach, Town
ship trustee.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

STOCK SALE Emil Johnson will sell
a lot of cattle, consisting Of Il mich
COWS; 2 two year old heifers; yearllng
heifers; 2 two year old steers; and 4
yearlings; also II head Of very fine
brood sows, at his residence 5 miles
north west of Chanute. on the 10Th
inst. Sale begins at 10 o'clock a. m.
Eight months credit; ten per cent
interest: 4 ner cent off for cash. l26l
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

John Sharp one Of the substantial
farmers of flour corners" was a Cha
mute visitor yesterday.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Eli Perkins, the humorist will lect-
ure in TIE opera house next Wednes-
day evening the 30th inst. Mr.. Per-
lins will certainly be greeted by a
large audience from Chanute and sur
rounding country,
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
See Dawdy's fine sewing machine for
$22.50 spot cash. u

See Dawdy's fine sewing machine for
$3.50 spot cash. VI
MARRIED: at the residence Of j. l..
Stewart on South Center street, on
Wednesday afternoon. Mr.. VIM. l..
Hudiburg and Miss Matte Burger,
Rev. G.. w. Stafford officiating. The
Groom is successful young business
man, of Sycamore, Kansas, and the
bride one Of Chanute's most estimable |
yourg ladies. They left on the after
noon train for Sycamore, Kansas |
their future home.
Wall paper, every disgn now at
Hardesty Drug Co. u
j. b. Beatty is Notary Public and
Justice of the Peace. u
Alex Baird, the plutocrat, will put
out about ten acres more strawberries
this spring.
CLOTHING CLEANED, PRESSED and
dyed.-T. w Parks, Oriental Block.
Leave orders for native lumber with
w. j, Walker at Beatty u Nash's Of
flee. III.
Sheridan Starkey and w. L. Fair
childs, of the Ward neighborhood
were Chanute visitors yesterday.
If you want millet or cane seed
call. Ihave good stock F. }.
Benedict. u
If YOU want your farms sold, list
them with d. Z. McClelland s. Co.
They do the business. tt
Holt Gates and Miss Mabel Henry,
came down from Lawrence, Wednes-
day.
Brown Leghorn eggs from the best
| flock in the county at thirty cents per
setting of fifteen. Orders left at } Ohm
Carriers store will be promptly filled.
Or call at West Side Poultry Farm
| Elmer Reeves.
Zeb Rush killed mammoth fox at
| his farm east of town Sunday evening.
| The fox has been stealing pigs from
Mr.. Rush
You can select wall paper best at
at Hardesty's, because they are pet
ter prepared to display it. u
A. p. Allen the Shaw, merchant was
a Chanute visitor, Wednesday.
To LoAN.-I have some private
money to loan on good farm security
at very low rate.-Jno. w, Locke,
| Register of Deeds, Erie, Kans. tt.
For SALE Eggs from as fine, Ply
mouth Rock hens as will be found any
where-imported ROSTERS. Eggs 90
cents per setting of 13.-COttage Stock
| Farm. ILL.,
DR.. Light was up to X. G. the first
of the week.
FARMERS.
We want your young and old
chickens on Tuesday, April 5.
BLooMHEART, WRIGHT & Co.
A. III. Turner is making his regular
rounds assessing the property OF the
city of Chanute.
1 buy and sell all kinds OF second
| hand goodS.-J. f. TomlinSon,
Choice clean flax seed to loan. This
will be good year to raise flax as
nrices will be better than the past
Three years. Call and leave your
orders with S. A. Wickard, 2O-27.
George Coffman was up from Erie,
Wednesday.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
Excursions via. Santa Fe.

May 8, 10 and IL, good to return the
Is. one fare for the round trip to
Abilene. Kans., account Of Kansas
Sunday School Assn.
April 5 and 6, good to return the I,
one and one-third fare for the round
trip to Independence, Kans., account
of'the District Congressional Conven-
tion.
MAY 9 to 12inclusive, good to return
the 16, one fare for the round trip to
Topeka, account of the Grand Com
mander Knight Templars.
April 9, 10 and IL. good to return 10
days from date of sale, one fare for
tile round trip to San Antonio, Texas
account of National Plumbers Assn.
When Geo. W. Cable got hold of Eli
Perkins "King of Platform and Pull
nit" he paid this tribute to the work:
"DEAR ELI-No one can understand
how pleased am with king of Plat
form and Pulpit 1t contains fun and
fancy and enough sweetness and light
to put a bead andfourth and twang
and aroma on all my library OF my
hundred of books, king of Platform
aad Pulpit is the flower of the cactus.
Eli Perkins will be at the opera house,
Chanute, Kansas, on Wednesday even
ing March 30.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Plant your potatoes on April 8, as
the moon will b. right on that date,
saws Uncle Joe Plummer and ne Knows
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

BARRED PLYMoTH ROCK EGGS from
the best strains in the state at twenty
five cents per setting OF thirteen.
Leave orders with money at Creme q
Co.'S. store at Chanute where delVery
will be made every Saturday.
Johnson. VI
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

George Ycckey was at Fredonia the
first of the week.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

All. Turuer is making his regular
rounds assessing the property OF the
city of Chanute.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

1 buy and sell all kinds of second
hand goods f. TomlinSon,
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Choice clean flax seed to loan. This
will be a good year to raise flax as
prices will be better than the past
three years. Call and leave your
orders with S. A. Wickard, 2O-21.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
Money to Loan.

We can now make loans on farm
realestate on as good terms and at as
low rate of interest as anybody: See
us before placing your loan.-L. IL.
Johnson g. Son. Office in Gray's mar
moss shon. Lindsay Block.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

If you want millet or cane seed
call. have good stock F. j..
Benedict. IT
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Jones makes a speciality of children's
pictures.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

John Kuhner has purchased twenty
five feet of ground just east OF tne
TINES office and will put up oullo-
ing and remove his restaurant TO Lhe
same.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Jones the photographer In the Lind
saw block is still making those large
nictures at special rate, call and see
him. Work guaranteed.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Alex Baird, the plutocrat, will put
out about ten acres more strawberries
this spring.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Sheridan Starkey and W. T. Fair
childs, of the Ward neighborhoOd
were Chanute visitors yesterday.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

CLOTHING CLEANED, PRESSED and
dyed.-T. w Parks, Oriental Block.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

George Coffman was up from Erie,
Wednesday.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

J. b. Beatty is a Notary Public and
Justice of the Peace. IT,
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25
FARMERS.

We want your young and old
chickens on Tuesday, April 5.
BLooMHEART, WRIGHT & Co.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Wall paper, every disign now at
Hardesty Drug Go. u
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Leave orders for native lumber with
w. j Walker at Beatty u Nash's Of
fee. III.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

If you want your farms sold, list
them with d. E. McClelland 81 Co.
They do the business. II
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

For SALE. One well bread Hereford
3 pear old COW, gives 2i gallons milk
per day. Also hogs weighing aooHG
i5O hounds each.-S. A. Wickard. q
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Brown Leghorn eggs from the best
flock in the county at thirty cents per
setting of fifteen. Orders left at John
Carriers store will be promptly filled.
Or call at West Side Poultry Farm
ELMER Reeves.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Choice flax seed to loan.-F,
]. Benedict. u
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

Holt Gates and Miss Mabel Henry,
came down from Lawrence, Wednes-
day.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-03-25

You can select wall paper best at
at Hardesty's, because they are bet
ter prepared to display it. u
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1898-04-29
ITO be continued.)
One of Morocco's Wonders.

DR.. Thomson, in his book Of travels
in the Atlas and Southern Morocco,
thus describes a great natural wonder
which he observed near Demnat. In
few minutes we were on the top OF the
closing barrier of rock, and then, to
my profound surprise, 1 found that l
was not only on the top of a natural
arch and bridge utilized by the inhab-
itants, but also on an aqueduct by
which fine stream was conveyed from
one side of the glen to the other, where
it fell in a cascade. The explanation
of this probably unique phenomenon OF
a river being conveyed naturally across
a gorge 14O feet deep soon became APP
parent, and proved to be sufficiently
simple. The arch was not composed OF
the limestone rock of the hills, but OF
calcareous tufa. The stream that now
crossed the glen had primarily fallen
as a simple cascade on the eastern side,
and. being charged with lime in solu-
ton. had, throughout long centuries,
continued to deposit its calcareous DUR
den layer after layer. In process Of
time the tufa or lime thus deposited
had gradually grown out until it had
reached the opposite side of the gorge
and completed the bridge aqueduct;
and now, instead of falling on the east
side, the stream falls as cascade on
the west side and there continues its
deposition of tufa. OF course, mean
while. the wad Demnat was also at
work beneath, preventing the choking
ND of its natural channel while eating
away the limestone beds beneath, thus
preventing the formation of the mas
sive wall which otherwise would have
resulted"