Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1898-06-25
GRDAT BRITAINS WONDERFUL WEATHER BUREAU
oreenwleh Observatory. Seen Through tho Scientific
sPoetaces of E. Walter Maunder F. r S.


ness Of the air. The great shed already
alluded 90 is devoted to these COM
plulpn thermometers.
Very closely connected with atmos-
rhcric pressure. us shown ua by the
barometer. is the study ~ The direction
N The winds. " We take a map ~ the
British lilies ard Tho nrlrhhUf'ug cuun-
tries. and put down upon them the
barometer readings from great NUM-
Der ~ ohscrvin~ stations and then Join
tur athar the different places Will. h
show the same baromotric pressure. We
shall IND that those lines Of equal pres.
technically called "isohars' are
apt TO run much uearor together To
some places than In others. Clearly
where the islbars are close together
10 means that In u very short difference
% country We have great difference
~ atmospheric pressure. In thie cfHn
we are likely 90 gCt very strong wind
blowing from the region of hirh pres.
sure 90 the region w low pressure, 90
order To- restore the balance.
H. further. we had Information from
these various observing stations ~ thr
direction in which the wind was blow.
lnE we should soon prrcalvf other Zoe
lgfiunHhlrr. For Instance. " we fuuuf
that the barometer read about the same
ln q line W country from east Co west,
hut that NJ was hlrh.r 100 the north ui
ihD island, than in the south. We should
No have general aat nf winds Zoo the
east md similar relation would hold
good 10 the barometer were hIHhHst ln
SOME other quarter; that Sc tho pre-
yHillng wind will come from quarter
ne rIEht angles 90 tho region W high 10
hlrImetoror. a. 10 iF HNgr. .f.l Doe what
lf known uH 'NryH EIllHiH law
"Stlul with your back fl Poe wind 1uf
Tho barometer viii Do. Tow nn the lDfI
hand than uu your r. ul' This law
holds good Tor inn UuTIH.HI lUm' Huhffe
sen rally. r,ut near 90 90 equator.
in the nuih0-n h0mlsphar" ~. iDtt
hHuu iH no HIdp " iuW NfrIm I.F
The usiIum. nts Tor wind uhl.rsatiau
are OF two clnaaoF-yur. 90 show i'a
direction and HnHwuW iUIa 20 lnIw 10
speed and itH pressure. These may hH
REGARDED ua two lin modes lu
which tho strength " ths wind man
IfrrIr ltH'lf Pressure au W0W .fHrH arr
uHIHry M two forms Huun lu which
heavy plate o. allowed 90 SWING hy iir
upper edge ln o. position fronting t1r
wind the amount NJ ltH deviation from
the vertical being mHlaursi' ana ihH
other IN which The plato o. supported
hv springs. The degree uf rlWrfUs sion
~ the springs being the quantity rr-
irtorsd I'M that case. or the Hrenf mo.
mum0torH the best known form ls The
| "RDh.slu." iuwhich four % mI apuor.cIl
CUPS ate carried ut The UNttgmlilcr Of
couple ~ cr1HH-harH.
The two chief remaining Instruments
are those Tor measuring the amount of
/ rainfall and NJ full sunshine. Tho rain
guuEn consists rHHHutlllly NJ u funnel
/ 60 collect thU raIu and q graduated
/ glass ~ measure 10. The sunshine rr.
cnrdff usually consists nf large glass
globe arranged Co throw nu image OF
l the sun on piece uf specially pre-
pared paper. 1hs Image moves along
. the paper nH % Hun moves in the sky,
Z charrinT Il nH u moves. and at the cni
/ of the day u D. easy o. see from th'
! broken. burnt trace no what hours The
sun was shining clear, and when 10 was
hidden by n cloud.
An amusing difficulty was cno1uu-
I torti ln am attempt % Hrt ON foot uu-
| other inquiry. The SUPERINTENDENT ~
/ the meteorological department 90 tn
| time wished 90 have q measure n en-.
rate a. which evaporation took place.
| ana Therefore expos u carefully meas
urod quantities ~ water In the open air
| In a shallow ycHsr. For r. f,w days the
! record seemed quite satisfactory. Then
| tho evaporation showed 70 sudden In.
crease, and developed ln the most -
rattle and lngXplIclhlD manner until 10
| was found that SOM HulrrlWH hld
| com, tO the conclusion that The saucer
/ fun ~ water was a kindly provision
/ Tor their morning tub" and had made
use Of u accordingly
4 large proportion Of the mntcorn-
| logical Instruments az Greenwich ana
i other frHt-ClHnf nhsrryutnrIsH urU ur.
| ranged 90 De- Hof-rccordlng, ~ was
early fclt that u was necessary that the
I records ct The barometer and The thor
mumctur should be aH nearly aH posse
, Die continuous. ana ut one time, with
I ln the memory NJ the mHmhHfa nj tn'
stan HtIll living 10 was The duty uf tho
| observer 90 read certain Hot ~ ln.
HtrumuntH ut regular tw1shnur lftDI-
walls druInT tho whole ~ tho day AMI
nlght-u work probably the most mon
otpnuua, trying and dlatnHteful of any
! that the observatory had 90 show,
The two-hnur record was, no doubt.
practically equivalent to q continuous
one. but u ontnilrd heavy amount ~
| labor Automatic registers were there
| fore introduced Whenever they were
available. Tie earliest NJ these were
| mechanical ana several stlll make their
records In this manner
ON the roof NJ ihn uFtugon room wr
| nnd besides the two turrfts already re-
| frrrtd 10. q small wooden cabin. bulli
ON q platform several f'ct Hhnve tho
roof level. This c1h.n ana the north
western turrrt contain the wind r-riH,
| trrlnv instruments opening the turrot
| door We fnd ourselves In tiny room,
| which N nearly hllrd by a small table.
| Upon this table lies u graduated sheet
of paper In q metal frame ana ns we
| look AZ u We see that a clock set up
close 10 tho table II slowly drawing the
paper across II. Three little pencils
rest lightly 0n the face N the paper at
| different points. one ~ these, and us
unlly the most restless. IA connected
with q spindle which comes down inio
| the turrct from tho roof ana which is,
/ ln fact. the spindle ~ the wind ylnr.
/ The gearing lH Hn Cuntrlved that inc
| motion on q pivot NJ the yune IL turned
/ into motion on r. straight line nt right
| angles 10 the direction 60 which the
pnper II drawn by 'hc clock A second
pencil h. connected with the wind prcr-
/ sure thermometer. The third pencil In
/ dcltes the amount ~ rain that hnr
I fallen since the last setting the pencil
| being moved by iloat In the receiver.
Of the rain gungc.
An objection To- an the mechanical
/ methods OF continuous registration u
/ that. however careful the gearing be-
/ tween the Instrument Itself and the
pencll N contrlvOd however lightly the
pencil moves over the PAPER yet some
| friction enters In ana afrciH the rec
| ord: this sof no great moment In wind
4 registration when we are dealing WIN
J 80 powerful ln agent us the wind, but
! n hecomeH 1 Hr'nrH matter when tho
! barometer N considered, since lts vac
! latioru rfqa.r. 90 ho registered with tho
! greatest uInutHness Whom photo
! raphv. therefore. WAS Invented mrtg-
| orlinrlfts wUrn very prompt 90 take ode
! vantage M this now ullv. a beam uf
| light passinr over %. head NJ tho
! column ~ mercury 10 a thorn 'mtiNr
or barometer could easily Doe made io
b f"'l unon q drum revolving once, ~