The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-15

aboard her. There is no going out OF
the ship for a walk or ride, or a game
OF base ball The promenade deck is
the pleasure ground of the ship, ana on
the upper deck Is the street where the
steerage passengers and crew may air
themselves.
All this is included in the space we
have already measured, yet trip In
one of these greyhQunds Is very enjoy
able to those not seasick
But none would object to more space
in their private cabins, and in the fu-
ture greyhound more will be found.
Some one may ask How can cabins be
enlarged If the greyhound is to be more
sub-divided? Inasmuch as the sub-di-
vision is wanted more below the water
than above, we can have large spaces
in the passenger quarters, some dis
lance above the water, and small ones
In the spaces below.
With this enlarged space for accom-
mediation we shall have room for
shops, so that passengers may buy
many things on board which they may
have forgotten to bring with them.
They may be able to get news from the
shore by some means Of communica-
ton, so that OH voyage they will not
be cut off altogether from the world.
But engineers must acknowledge that
such means of communication exist
only in Imagination.
Seasickness? So far nothing has
been devised or adopted for completely
stopping those motions of ship at sea
which cause such unpleasant feelings.
Is it even conceivable that ship may
be made perfectly steady at sea? Let
us inquire into this.
We cannot very well hope to prevent
the wind from blowing and causing
waves, which lift the ship only to drop
her, so we must try to make the ship
move UP and down as little as possible
when the waves are passing her. One
way is to have the vessel of the small
est possible volume at the waters sur
face, and for some distance above and
below this. A submerged vessel would
not rise or fall much even IL near the
surface, so that IL we could get yes
sci which is nearly submerged, we
should have one free from the obJec-
tionable up and down movement.
This kind of vessel would not be very
comfortable for those who can stand
the sea, so that it would be necessary
to have above the sunken hull and
we'll out of the water a kind of second
vessel, upon whose deck the passengers
could promenade and the captain nav
igate the vessel. But such vessel
might lack certain other necessary
qualities, such as power to remain up
.. right, and a large quantity of weight
would be required in the bottom OF the
vessel to give her stability.
Now, weight is the thing which the
ship designer is always trying to lessen
He wants the structure and the ma
chinery to be as light as possible. II
therefore, it is necessary to increase
the proportionate weight to the sunker
part Of the ship in order to make hei
less ''jumpy'' at sea, her speed or car
; rying capacity. must be impaired unless
, she can be lghtened above while
! weighted below. This is likely to comt
! to pass through the use Of aluminium.
Aluminium is one-t third of the weigh
of steel, and at present is about one
? half Of it's strength. When the chem
F lists and metallurgists shall have sue
ceeded In making aluminium or one Of
its alloys as strong as steel we can Their
look for saving of one-half the weight
of the steel structure of modern yes.
> sci.
{ In a ship like the Paris this would
mean 1000 to 5000 tons, irrespective O
) any saving in the machinery. This
I saving of weight would so tighten the
t ship that she could carry machinery
: about twice as heavy as the machinery
, she now carries, and so gain in speed i
the power Of the added machinery wa!
: also doubled.
! But it would be very difficult to FIND
E room or space in such vessel as thu
r Paris for machinery of twice the powe
/ of hers. And if the power of the ma
{ chinery were doubled, we should fine
t difficulty in getting room for the add
a tional coal required-nearly twice thu
e amount now carried. 1t will therefor,
e be necessary to find means Of stowin.
Y machinery and fuel much more closet.
than it is at present slowed
a In 1881 an engine of four Thousand
: horse power occupied thirty Thousand
T? cubic feet To-day the same power cal
$ be got from two sets of engines occu
: pying four thousand cubic feet. In TIL
G case of the Paris, her engines of TWEEN
$ ty thousand horse power occupy on
e hundred thousand cubic feet, so that
we could put five sets of the four thou
d sand horse power engines of to-da.
: into the Paris, they would occupy onl,
: one-ffth of the space that her presen
y engines take.
,, 1t is therefore possible to reduce tn
" proportionate amount of space require
g for engines by adopting more compac
types of engines as they become adapt
ed for large ship work. If we coul
II double the power of the engines in tn
. Paris, and could provide the necessar
- fuel to carry her across the Atlanti
:, without adding anything to her tota
= weight, we could increase her speed b
v nearly one-fifth or reduce her time b
= more than a day
= The fuel used at present is Goa
=, which has to be put ON board in bas
! kets or barrows. by manual labor, an
!, when on board has to be lifted by tn
II frefnen with shovels and thrown int
a the fire. If we could put it on board i
e a liquid form it would go through pipe
g to its place of storage in the ship, an
q be drawn from this place and force
: / through other pipes into the fires by
steam pump. This would make availa
n BILE for fuel spaces in the shin which q