davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-07-23
A New Musical Instrument.

Mr.. Demorte Wood of Indiana, after
Is years of scientific application of the
various string instruments, has com
pleted guitar with either, mandolin
and various other attachments, which
has created stir in the music world. BY
the simple pressure of finger the sweet
thrill of a mandolin is blended with
that OF either, while he himself fin
gers the accompaniment Of q guitar.
The weight of this wonderful instru-
ment Is lS pounds. II is carried around
In case made especially by the pro-
lessor, containing ali tools necessary to
the guitar.
We know Hon Vifforo . ~ y,<.., n :, J. A
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-07-23

n yon wfnt situation, try n want AL i'm
the TRIBUNE. Three lines for 10 cents.
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-07-23

we know Hop Bitters are above and beyond
All as nutritious tonic and curative.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
The MYSTERY OF LEE.
Important Part Played by Carbonic Aci
Water and Ammonia.

Important Part Played by Carbonic Acid
Water and Ammonia.
What do we know of life? Carbonic
acid, water and ammonia, when taken
into plant, produce in some way pro-
toplasm, which is a substance composed
Of minute corpuscles, and inside each
corpuscle there is smaller body called
q nucleus, says London Truth. BY taxi
ing in carbonic acid, water and am
monia and converting them into this
compound, called protein, the plant
maintains its vigor, grows and multi
plies. The animal does the same by
taking in the same compound, with this
difference that, whereas the plant can
manufacture protoplasm out of inor-
ganic matter, the animal is obliged TO
procure it ready made from the plants.
The same indicated mass of protoplasm
that is the unit of plant life is the unit
of animal life. The body and the plant
are multiples of such units variously
modified, but in their composition
identical.
When the animal dies the carbonic
acid, the water and the ammonia of his
body are restored to the collective
stock. Again they are taken into new
plants and through new plants into
new animals. Thus protoplasm is the
basis of all life. 1t is built up of or
binary matter and it is resolved again
into ordinary matter. Plants can make
protolasm out of its component parts;
animals can convert lifeless into living
protoplasm. This is the only difference
between a man and plant as regards
their making. How all this is done we
have not the remotest notion. All that
we know is that it is done. Remove the
carbon, the oxygen, the hydrogen and
the nitrogen. which form carbonic acid,
water and ammonia, from the globe,
and all vitality, whether animal or vege-
table, would disappear from it. When
brought together under certain condi-
tons they give rise to protoplasm, and
this protoplasm produces all the phe-
nomena of life.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
RUDE WIND ENGINES.
Screens to Protect Those vanes Which Are
Not Working.

screens to Protect Those Vanes Which Are
Not Working.
Out in Kansas, and possibly in other
states, there is in rather extensive use
n rude sort of windmill, known as a
'Mogul" or Jumbo" This has a
horizontal axis and vanes like those of
an old-fashioned water-wheel. The
props which sustain the axle are per-
manent, so that only breeze from
one general direction usually either
north or SOUTH will affect it, and the
machine is only high enough up to al.
low the wheel to clear the ground. The
lower half is boxed or fenced in, so that
the wind can strike only the upper half.
Considerable service is obtained from
these curious arrangements. usually in
pumping water for irrigation.
A somewhat similar idea has recent
ly been proposed to the New York Trib-
une by two correspondents, writing al
most simultaneously. One of them is
B. +. Mathews, of Forked River, N. j.
1t is suggested that wind-wheel, hay
ing vertical sails, or vanes, mounted at
the ends of radiating horizontal arms,
be provided with screen or shield, so
arranged as to cover just one-half of it's
front, and that the screen be movable.
SO that it will occupy the same relative
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
S5liE!4!'!(1EE 3Sf4RfI ion
%lSgSssssS w. lNIGsSsss ssIS
vENoMous INSECTS.
Several Thousands of Them Are Found In
the United States.

Several Thousands of Them Are Found In
the United States.
The United States enjoys a greater
variety of venomous flies than any
other country. Several thousand spe-
cies have been put upon the govern
ment black list. A bulletin by L. o..
Howard, government entomologist in
chief, is soon to be issued on the sub
ject.
The worst of them all is the insect
whose young, in the immature stage,
IRE called "screw worms" This insect
hoes not bite, but lays its eggs in peo-
pies nostrils and the little grubs
Matched from them devour flesh, bone
and gristle. The fly is blush green.
with a yellow head and three black
stripes on the back. Anyone mapping
out of doors in summer is in danger
from these pests. The fly will invade
The nostril and almost instantly deposit
it's eggs, before it can be expelled by
sneezing. Within a few hours the
worms are Matched and they proceed to
literally eat out the inside of the vic
TINS head. DIR. Joshua Richardson, of
Moravia, Ia, tells of a patient in whose
nostrils screw fly had oviposited, who
died, in spite of all efforts to save him,
from exhaustion due to abscess in one
of the ear passages, which had been in
Vaded by some of the larvae. This fly
is mainly tropical insect, but is found
all the way from Canada to Patagonia.
1t deposits 300 or 400 eggs within
few moments. and the larvae from
them are whitish, footless grubs, slen-
der and active. They mature in five or
six days, then bury themselves in the
ground, where they are transformed
into chrysalids. Prompt Swinging out
of nasal passages, with one part car
bolic acid and 200 parts water, should
be resorted to in case of infection OF
human being. A physician cannot
be called too quickly.
The bite of the tsetse fly, native to
Africa, is sometimes fatal to man. II
is principally famous for its slaughter
of domestic animals. 1t is said to have
invaded Australia, and the prospect of
it's reaching America is regarded with
alarm.
The most dreaded of all insects in this
country are the buffalo gnats. In 1874
the damage to domestic animals in
southwest Tennessee was estimated at
100000. IT'S bite occasionally causes
the death of human beings. All know
the famous "black fly" Of horse flies"
over 1900 species are known, and Of
these $50 are found in North America.
Man does not escape their bites.-Chi-
cago Inter Ocean.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22

screen would be slight improvement
on all plans which tilt the sails edge
wise as the latter come up against the
breeze; for it would prevent the re-
sistance which the bare arms, braces,
guys and other parts of the revolving
framework would otherwise encounter.
The gain would not be much, but it
would be something.
OF course, the principle involved is
all that is here commended. 1t is neces-
sary that the mechanism for shifting
the shield, as occasion requires, shall be
studied out carefully. Simplicity,
strength and efficiency must be in
sured, or it would not pay to apply the
idea. There are several ways in which
il could be done, some clever and some
clumsy. Here is a case where it is par
ticularly true that what is worth do
ing at all is worth doing well. 1t is
quite possible that these correspond
ents are not the first people who have
attempted this thing.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22

The ~ru,Ll Ia valIs --~, Including
eeranda, is 46 feet four inches; its
aepth, including front veranda, 46 feet
Bix inches. Its foundation is of stone
and brick. The first story, clapboards;
the second story, gable, dormers, roofs
and veranda inclosure, shingles. The
cellar measures seven feet six inches
In height; the first story, nine feet;
second story, eight feet six inches, and
the attic, eight feet. 1t is finished
throughout with three-coat plaster
The flooring is of North Carolina pine;
the trim, white wood; main staircase,
ash; kitchen and bathroom, wainscoted.
The laundry is in cellar under kitchen.
and the kitchen has portable range.
The first impression of this house is,
If built in the northern part of the
United States, that some people might
say that, the chimney being on the out
side of the house instead of being run
up through the center, the open fire
place in the parlor would not give heat;
it is not so. If the house faces the
north the furnace should be about I'M
der the center of the parlor, drawing
through the chimney nearest it: if the
house faces the south it should be about
under the kitchen where the word
down" is shown in the floor plan,
drawing principally through the chin
ney shown in the floor plan running
through the kitchen and the bedroom
IN second Dor. and if the cold-air duct
is as large in the aggregate as in the
hot-air pipes every room should be suf-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
DISINFECTING PLANT.
New York City to Have tho Most PerfeC
In the World.

New York City to Have tho Most Perfect
In the World.
The new disinfecting plant which is
to be built at East Sixteenth street,
New York, will be the finest affair of
its kind in the world. 1t is to be con-
structed under the supervision of Presi-
dent Wilson, of the h It'll board, and
DIR. Herman NJ. Biggs, chief of the divi
sion of bacteriology. The new plant
will do its work in half the time the
present process requires, and will dis
infect upholstered furniture, hangings.
feathers, furs, velvets and other cost
ly fabrics which have had to be burned
heretofore, after being brought in con-
tact with infection. There will be less
danger Of colors running than by the
old method.
The new plant will be divided into
two sections, two steel chambers, and
the formalin chamber, also of steel.
This formalin chamber is the first to be
constructed in the world. The new gas
which is scientifically known as fer
raaldic acid gas (formalin being a 40 per
cent. solution of it) may be discov~
cry as valuable as steam as disinfec-
tant. 1t is most effectively produced by
dehydrogenating alcohol, and was dis
covered by the Germans. The process
of disinfecting with it is simple. A
partial vacuum is produced, and by heat
the gas is discharged from the solution.
1t has no effect Mt all upon the alkalis
and the colors of fabrics.
AS regards the steel chambers, the
new apparatus will embrace all the
most recent features of mechanical sci
ence, chief of which is the securing of
a partial vacuum in the chamber, thus
preventing the forming of air pockets
in heavily folded goods, always a source
of risk. Then all free-fowing currents
of dry steam, that is steam at low pres
sure, and forced circulation of hot air
by fan, are used for the purpose of
completely removing all traces of mois-
ture. There is also a mechanism for
obtaining a high temperature if it
should be desired. = Chicago Inter
Ocean
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
To Grow Beans Successfully.

Virginia bean grower gives the fol-
lowing advice: Plow deeply. make the
toil ricb,, and plant to snap beans as
karly as possible, in rows two feet apart.
At the second hoeing plant lima beans
between the rows. so as to make the
hills four feet apart each way. By the
time the snap beans have yielded two
pickings. the limas will want AL the
ground. Then pull the snap beans AMI
nse them, with all the weeds. as mulch
for the limas This will insure the lat.
ter against the bad effects of drought,
md also bring the limas into the latest
market, when they fetch the highest
price. besides getting double service
from the land. Limas grown by this
system yielded more and better berries
The past year than when grown alone
with equally good culture. In raising
other crops II will he possible to grow
an early crop for market. and also rs
mulch
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
ELEPHANTS FRANKS.

Beins Full of Life He Likes to Have Fun
with the HippOpotamus.
The sense of the humorous was un-
usually well developed in an elephant
in the Jardin DIES Plantes in Paris. lie
was kept in the great inclosure out in
the open air, so that he had plenty of
room to roam about. In the same i'll
closure was very large hippopota-
mus, for whose comfort and amuse-
ment great stone basin had been
built and filled with water, and the
hippopotamus in turn furnished
amusement for the elephant. l was
quite early one morning the
hour for admitting the public to The
garden-when | noticed the elephan;
walking around on the stone edge OF
the basin curiously watching the hip
Popotamus.
just as soon as the ears of the hippo.
potamus came into view the elephant
quickly seized one of them with his
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22

managed it constantly brings into the
house large body of fresh air, and Sc
contributes most materially 10 the ven
tiiation of the building.
This is effected by furnace placed
in the lower portion nf the house
which being duly provided with flues
and registers, heats and distributes
through all parts of the establishments
q quantity of fresh air in proportion
to the dimensions and capacity of the
air chamber in which il is placed. A
fundamental point of this system is the
supply of pure air to this air chamber.
which should be provided by duct o..
air passage from that side of the house
On which the air is likely to be thu
most pure. But the objections cited
against stoves when made with thin
plates of metal without any lining tc
protect them from becoming red hot
apply with equal force to vast major
ity of hot-air furnaces now in use. All,
delivered from a furnace should never
exceed the temperature indicated by
120 degrees Fahrenheit; where tn.
heat reaches $50 degrees to 1870 degrees
at the point of delivery, the effects are
undoubtedly pernicious.
The principle to be attended to ir
construction of all hot air furnaces is
to generate and communicate the great.
est amount of heat with a given guam,
tity of fuel without producing any
change in the breathing property of the
cir. A common fault is that the water
pan is allowed to become empty, so that
the heated all has that dry and stuffy
quality of which many people justly
complain. But with water constantly
evaporating in the furnace, with cold
air drawn from outdoors, and with such
an arrangement of the pipes that
every roouA will receive its due proper
ton OF heat, there is no system more sat
isfactory for ordinary houses. nor is
any more economicaE.an important
consideration.
Many householders urge objections
TO 'the hot-air system that at first
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
THE MUSICAL BOTTLES.
Very Good Effects Are Obtainable with
This Simnla Annaratua.

Very Good Effects Are Obtainable with
This Simple Apparatus.
The accompanying figure represents II
simple and easily constructed musical
instrument 1t consists of number of
ordinary glass bottles filled with GER
tain quantity of water, the height of
which is varied according to the pitch
of the note to be obtained. After few
tentatives, it will be possible to repro
duce all the notes and their octaves, in
Guiding the sharps and fats. The tun-
ing of the apparatus, however. requires
good musical ear.
The bottles are suspended by the
neck, by means of strings, from two
broomhandles resting upon the backsof
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
BIG FIGURES.

According to the computation OF
Villalpandus the cost of Solomon's
temple was $77.521 .965 ,636.
The population of the earth at the
time of Emperor Augustus is estimated
at 54,000,000. 1t is estimated now 10
be 1,40o, 100000.
Mulhall estimates the number of indi-
v:duals who emigrated from Europe in
70 years, 1916 10 1888. at 27.2O0.OOO. OF
these 100000 came to the United
States.
It is calculated from Revelations
s1:16. that there is ample room in
Heaven for 100000 900. O0o.O people. or
as many as the world would produce In
100000 centuries.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22


drunk and gave it a sudden pull. The
cnraged hippopotamus lifted it's pou-
derous head clear of the water and
fncrted and blew, but every time he
rose to take breath the elephant would
Iecommence his antics. Around ard
around the beast would go, keeping
Il sharp lookout for the little ears of
the hippopotamus, which he would
seize the moment they appeared. His
evident delight in teasing his huge
neighbor was very eomical, and there
could be no doubt that he thoroughly
enjoyed it.
Again, one day, the keeper placed
some food for the hippopotamus in a
corner of the inclosure and at once
the hippopotamus began to leave the
water to get it, but the elephant slowly
ambled to the same corner, and, arriv-
ing there first, he placed his four feet
over the favorite food in such way
that the hippopotamus could not get
at it, gently swayed his trunk back and
forth, and acted altogether as though
be were there quite accidentally, until
The garden was thrown open to the
public and he went forward to receive
the daily contributions of bread, cake,
pie, etc., which were always offered him
by his host of admirers.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22

two chairs. In order to produce the
sound, the bottles are struck with two
rulers, or, better, two drum sticks. With
this arrangement airs in two parts may
be played; and there may be two per-
formers, one playing on one side with
out interfering with the performer On
the other side. In the hands of good
musicians this apparatus is very pleas
ant to listen to.-G. Tissandier, in Scien-
tific American.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
New Process In Dentistry.

Cataphoresis is the process of fore
ing cocaine and other indictments into
a tooth by means Of electricity. The
process consists in the movement of
fluids from the positive to the negative
poles of battery. 1t has been gradual
ly evolved. but it is not yet perfect. At
present it takes from ten minutes to
half an hour to completely anesthet-
ize tooth. This is more time than a
busy dentist likes to use in preparation.
Neither will patients care to pay for it.
But in cases Of extreme sensitiveness all
concerned are well repaid. Some cab
stand but weak current, but when a
voltage likely to be sufficient is reached
1t is allowed to stand at that point until
end of application.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
Diseases Peculiar to Miners.

Coal miners as class are not very
susceptible to consumption, their
troubles begin more asthmatic and
bronchitic. Where the air particles are
sharp and cut the lung tissues, tuber-
culosis will intervene. and the mortality
among miners of tin, among grinders.
and that class is large.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22

ticiently warm to heat the house 10 de-
grees in zero weather.
This house would cost about $4,000
including the heating apparatus, range
and mantel-built within 100 miles OF
New York city, although in many sec
lions of the country the cost should be
much less where labor or materials are
pheanar
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
rirt noor

glance seem to be well founded. They
themselves. have these furnaces and
they never tire of recounting their
tribulations with them. They say tina,
there are certain rooms in their houses
that never get particle of heat, al
though they force the furnace so that
it eats up coal by the ton and makes
Che rest of the house unbearable; and
often an impression exists that certain
pipes and registers will always be ia.
vored, and that one or more generally
the one to the north) is bound to go
without heat. Such people will at once
dispute the assertion that each pipe
can be made TO draw as well as its
fellows. and that every register, proper.
ly managed. will throw out its quota OF
heat.
The one prime fault with most hot.
air heaters is that the cold-air box is
very much too small. The size of this
Is generally left to the judgment of
the carpenter and builder. and is made
small so as not to be in the way. IL
is simply a physical fact that no
more hot air can be sent out of the fur
mace than cold air goes in. If the cold
box has an aperture of five square feet,
and the hot-air pipes aggregate ten
square feet, il stands to reason that
half of the hot-air pipes will be starved.
An easy test of the matter is this: Wait
until you have hot fire in your fur.
mace, and then open all the registers
Id hold lighted candle before each
ssst turn. If there is down draughi
3xs,.h one or more of the registers.
~ iuace. starved for cold air. is
III ~ through one of those with the
Ii ward draught in order to dis
'L it when heated through the
or II your hot-air furnace fails TO
! Classification. and is of reliable
IL nd Isl good condition, investigate
fipld-air supply first of all; then
Nat each of the hot-air pipes is
.,6 only from the crown of the fur
ace; that each pipe has distinct pitch
flthe greater the better), and finally
I may be well to cover the pipes with
nsbestos in order to prevent them from
/ losing heat by radiation. you have
good furnace to begin with. do not
give up until you have mastered the
problem and obtained the results you
should obtain.
The accompanying plan is for house
with hot-air heating.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
-
AR(HII iii {
..5:2INSSsssaSET eScGts,.ss
HOT AIR HEATING.
Practical Suggestions for This Method of
Warming Houses


IcoPYRIoHT. 1896
When a man starts out to build a
house, after having settled the question
Of location, size, price and general
style, the most important matter that
remains to be decided is the method OF
heating. The larger proportion OF
dwellings make use of the air system.
and, all things considered, there is mons
that is more satisfactory. Hot air fur.
naces offer very convenient means OF
communicating warmth to a dwelling
of almost any dimensions-its special
advantage being that if it is properly
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22

position, no matter from what direction
the wind blows. The idea is roughly
indicated by the accompanying dia-
gram, which represents the view from
overhead. The arrows are supposed to
show the direction of the wind Such
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-01-22
NOTICE

The attention OF parents and teachers is call
ed TO the law which requires that all children
shall have been duly vaccinated before being
received in any school.
The provisions of the Act include all schools
whether public or private, and although IL is
believed that 1t has been rather better OBJ
served in this county than in many others OF
the State, yet in the considerable proportion
Of instances 1t has been disregarded or evaded.
Although there does not exist at the present
time q single known case OF smallpox within
the limits Of the State, yet 1t has prevailed in
the United States In a far greater number OF
localities than is usual at this season of the
year, and may at any time make Its appear
ance in this county.
The law has made fair provision for the com,
pensatiOn to physicians for vaccinating those
whose means render IL difficult to pay the
usual fee for such services, and pure a nd relia-
bic vaccine matteec can be gratuitOusly procured
frCm DIR. Yeackle, State Vaccine Agent, al Bal.
timore.
Under these circumstances 1t is hoped and
believed that the law will be more vigorously
observed without necessitating the enforce
ment of the penalty attached to its disregard
WIN. II. BALTZELL, Md,
seD.2-tf County Health Ofi1cer.