The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01

The reproduction OF the iruftie i
perplexiug problem for botsnis,s- some
land owners Of Lot and Correze have
been experimenting 10 determine
whether the spores sre not difiused
through the iuterusdium u cattle snd
particularly Of certain domestic ani-
mas o. Gsick digestion. bot NJ Grim
blos seems to have proven that the diff
fusion OF the spores i Sff=cted or Soo1
mice. This throws doubts upou AZ
ether Common belief Il hzs been sup
posed, probably without good reason,
that both this valuable fungus and the
common mushrnon produce spores
which viii not develop until they have
passed through The intesline< Of the
COW or hCrse.
The walking 4 ay 90 the csIiing
i familiar phenomenon Lot ~ fully
understood. \ rcc-ut pz per By Nj d.
h DieFbold mentions that The micro
scope quickly djsprov@S the old theory
that fiies hold % sueoth .urfsees By
means Of sucser-, aud that Hooks's
idea thsf filss stick 70 gas o. 5 W.
cous secretion Was shog1 : dozen years
ago 20 bs only rarity sound Dr.
RJmroGI has established the fsct that
the flies hang OF by the help Of cspi.-
larry adhes u-th- molecular 4ttFac-
ton hetv een solid and liquid bodies.
II i true the fOgt hair. sre very
minute, but. s. each IL ! said % have
1000 q lz9o0. Ee heed not x sur-
prised st = nat they can do
The method proposed by Herr E
Moyat for producing arge artificial
diamonds consists essentially in seal
ing pulveriZe1 coal. iron chips aud
liquid cartonic acid il 8 strong steel
tube, aud submitting to the action Of
the electro arc Utilise other methods
this process generates enormous pres
sure during the operation Of the elec-
trie current. and il i believed larger
diamonds will crystalizs out a. the
mixture cools.
TIE British Isles have now 3. zig rain
fall Observers, with one station 10
every y square miles in England,
every 50 square miles in Wales. Il
square miles in Scotland, and l79 in
Ireland.
Methods Of overhead connection Tor
Il electric cars without the Use of trolley
p wires have been devised by French
aud a German engineer, NJ. Rochert
and Her Rott-ieper. The former places
along the top Of each car a conducting
rail, to which the current passes from
arms projecting over the track from
side posts, aud connects two OF three
cars together in such way that con-
slant connection is kept up a. the cars
pass in turn under the charged arms.
Hhe drawbacks to this system are the
s3at numbS of posts required and
necessity or running more than one
Car at time. These objections are
overcome by Herr Rottsieper by the
Use of secondary battery, which is
fully charged al the terminal stations
and partially wherever a stop is made,
the stopping stations being at charging
posts where the conducting Tail
which may be on the side of the car
instead of on tops automatically
brought into the circuit from the dis
tribUling station. This system requires
few posts, while the aecumulators. be-
ing recharged at short intervals. may
be Of the highest character Tue cur
rent, of course, is transmitted from
post to post by underground wires.
Few scientific deductions are more
striking than the recent one of Lord
Kelvin on the worlds Underground
fuel supply, much of which is still hid
den. The coal is the residue of au-
cient vegetation, and the oxygen of
the air was probably all derived FROM
this vegetation, which experiment
shows must have furnished three tons
of oxygen for each ton of coal. The
surface of the earth has an area of 5l0,-
100000 millions of square meters, each
square meter bearing 10 tons of air, of
which 2 tons is oxygen, and a simple
calculation shows with great probable
accuracy that the total fuel supply in
the earth is $40, 600 millions Of tons.
1t was determined IN 1881 that Eng.
land, Scotland and Wales had l46, 600
millions of tons OF coal surely avail
able, with 5000 millions of tons more
possibly available. This is more than
Great Britain could burn with its own
air, that country having. therefore,
more than an average supply.
In his latest researches. NJ. G. Con-
dole finds that seeds of Indian eoru,
oats, fenuel, aud other plants, are still
capable Of terminating after lis days
exposure TO cold Of 40 fellow zero Fshr
Our condition Of hairlessuess has
beeen q subject Of study by DR.. Exuer,
a German biologist. Our ancestors, ne
holds. acre totally covered with hair.
aud it, disappearance may be account
ed for by the fact that liz absence was
regarded a. a beauty, preference being
given in choosing mates 20 those hav-
ing the least Of ii. The hairs are mod
itied sense organs. which have lost all
connection with the nerves PRINT
tive man was probably clothed in an
Irregular covering Of hair, which varied
in length, color, structure and thies-
ness With the functions for which ii
vas Intended. The hair now remain
lug vas left for q definite purpose.
Certain hairs serve a. organs Of touch.
notably the eye-lashes. and iD less
degree the eyebrows. Both serve TO
protect tue eyes 10 animals the hair
serves 10 maintain and regulate the
body heat, but in man the hair Of the
scalp alone has such purpose.
Incandeseent burners. having man.
ties similar to those used for a cosl-gas
fame, are now made for oil aud spirit
lamps. The kerosene Is drawn I'D
into small chamber by number of
yrfoEz RanoFized tnero nv a small Nv