The Arizona sentinel., 1897-05-22

- Tucson and FLoenix. The first is near tho i sen level; is the war1nest and probably the ar.czt Of tha three, has the least population, and the smallest provision for visitors Tucson $ the oldest .own in the Territory, ,ud, after Santa Fe, per5ap5 tho oldest iA the Southwest. Its adobe houses give It Mexican look, ard are thoroughly comfort able. It's newer houses are Of Q handsome building stone, found in the vicinity. The Territorial University is here, and it was formerly the capital. Its elevation being more than double that Of Phoenix, 1t is- somewhat cooler. and as there is next to TO irrioation near t. the ar IS little drier. Phoenix is the centre of the greatest irriga- tion in the Territory. The country for miles around smiles with green fields, cover ed with almost countless herds of cattle, and it is everywhere shut ill by low mount aips. It is the Territorial capital, has the Government Indian School, the Territoria! Lunasis Asylum, aud other institutions, and is the general focus for the Territory. Like Tucson, 1t has its occasional wind and sand stocns-perhaps ret quite so often 1t either place visitors who know how to adapt themselves to circumstances can be entirely comfortable, aud in each they will ind an intelligent, orderly, enterprisins and most hospitablo community. They will find 8 country full Of mines, full of rich agricultural lands, abouading in cattle and horses, in vineyards and orchards and the beginnings of very successful orange groves a country, in fact, as full of promise for hardy and adventurous men now as Califor- nia was in the:ffties. Above ali, it has been their lot to search for health in far countries, they will revel in the luxury of being in their own land, among their own countrymen, within easy reach of their friends by telegraph or rail, and in climate as good of its kind as any in the world.
 LANDS AND SOILS.
 | The lands of Yuma County comprise the river bottoms and valleys and the uplands or mesas The bottom ands are moster and slightly mere fertile ! if, indeed. it is possible to make comparisons where all are so wonderfully productive and prolific The uplands or mesas are warmer and, perhaps
 lightly for better tie cultivation ofthe citrus fruits Yuma contains variety of soil The valley land of theI Gila and Colorado rivers have for the most ! part deep sednentary soil of brownish, gray sandy loam, resting, in most places, upon gray clay su6so a. depth Of from ten to twenty feet below the surface, The clay subsoil forms hard pan which is iTaperVious to water. These soils have been slowly formed by the decomposition of shales
 sandstones, marls limestones etc., mixed with or sapic and vegetable matter, washed down hy th' ! mighty rivers and have haen gradually deposite,
 5u..-r tse c1-,csc of centuries. The f5rtiiizin.
 G.oarisa mud Iala ia the wat tlof the Colorado
 and olia ri.-ll resembles that from the N,o an, is quantity varies from o.I to 0.5 per cent. though the water when even considerably d.5color
 cd by lnrd is good to drink resembling in this res 5ec +53 Missouri river va5er. chemical analyst
 of the sediments O tue Colorado and of the Nil
 exhibits wonderful s,r'lerity in tae ccas-i-ue. par.s Of each. Tu.t ol the Colorado exhibiting
 5rde less potassa. most pnosphcrio acid ar- e. 2. b2nade of limestone bed through which the Ccl rel3 pGs5.s. Ilothar respects 5l; sediment Of tl Colorado is 5lm0s, identical with tha5 of the NJ
 7. wil be noticed, therefore, that when this water
 used for irrigation u is superior to ar-esian water
 since it is cou-.@a.Iy supplying tls land "lsh th
 richest 5e lliuy 4ieGa. 6. Tho 5oi, of .he valley
 is extremely rich in Je5oup5ssI vegetable Iaatt- 7 esd uucombined carbon, roaGiy absorbing th -s1iql gases, such especially, oxygen, which CT
 5o.iDs ,ne soa dccolaposcs the organic matters s
 that they can be taken up and nouri8h the plant
 which may bs considered leading feature in 1t 5 fertility. It also readily takes up and retail moisture, while thc frnnsss of its particles afford every facility for percolation and the activity
 capillary action. hits Inechanical composition i
 particles are in q state Of very fine division whie renders it more productive than coarser soils acquires heat readily in the daytime, and the lo
 Of the heat at night is very gr@duol, that it r g mains always warm and is not subject to sudde changes of heat and cold Besides it's essental cor
 stituents of water, organic or vegetable matte sand and clay, chemieal analysis shows that linn l. soda magnesia ron, ammonia and available forn of nitrogen phosphoric acid and potash enter in
 composition in the proportions best adapted
 add to its fertility, though, of course, as is alwa
 the cass in soil analysis, it's composition varies t different localities and is not always constant e The soi the uplands, or meses, lighter al more gravelly and in some places of lree, lOam calcareous character. The mesa lands are warm aI
 generous. They seem especially adapted for u ' grape, olive and citrus fruits generally Their SC II contains more magnesia, lime CT chalk than u l. bottom lands It never cracks and retains moistu n admirably in summer. It is of that character whi a will produce a wine that will keep good for fifty ' a hundred years, and improve annually, not bei' $ liable to sour or on exposure to the air after o
 year old, to become turbid and change color in u 0 bottle or glass.
 ,s We can safely say that the soil of Yuma Coun
 can nowhere be surpassed, containing as it does g e the essential elements of richness and fertility " NOTYCE TO CREDITORS.