davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-22

SIOUX CITY, To-. April A-Cattle-Re-
ceipts, LOO; yesterday, 1905; shipments 535
market steady to weak; cows, bulls and
mixed, strong $1.5Od3.5O; veals, So 1904. Is;
stockers and feeders $3.65G4.50; calves and
yearIings, $375@4.55. Hogs-Receipts, 9O0
yesterday, III; shipments, 227; market sc low
er, selling at $3.75G3S212.
KANSAS CITY.
KANSAS CITY, April acknowledgements
5000; cows and he!fers, 81. 25G4. 25: stockers
and feeders, s.. 25@A75s Hogs--Recetpts. 12,-
000; bulk of sales, S3s75G3S5. Sheep-Receipts
1000; lambs S4.10a5; mutton, $S.25G4.60.
ST. LOUIS.
ST LOUIS, April Observation-Disclosures. $500
Cows and heifers,,s s2G5; stockers and feed
ers, $3G47O Hogs Receipts, 5000; bulk Of
sales, So. 50@4. Sheep-Receipts $500; NUT
tons, $S.50Q 400; lambs, $4.50Q525.
OMAHA.
OMAHA, April sA.-E attle-Receipts. 1900:
COWS and heifers,g $2.66G4; stockers and feed
ers. $S;5og4 50, Hogs-Receipts, $500; bulk Of
sales, $500 1886. Sheep-Rece!pts, 1,600; com
mon and stock sheep, $3Q3.75; lambs, $46
$50.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-22

The following were the closing prices of
other stocks, as reported by the Associated
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-22
Town Rurned.

Twenty-Five transfers. Total. :. .$91 $50 90
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-22
MINNEAPOLIS.

NEW BRIGHTON, April 21.-Receipts for
April ~, go cattle, 45 calves, 4SS hogs, 100
sheep. April Il, 1,1S0 cattle, "a calves SIG
hogs. Cattle-Market well supplied; trading
active at prices generally steady; a feature
of the market was the sale of IS head of
Montana feeders, averaging 1850 lbs, at ST.
this Is the first shipment of Montana cattle
to this market this season. Sales: 1 bull
W.T. 1870 lbs, $3.50; steer, $50 s.. so; 5 steers
av $40, $3.50; stockers, av 440 SO. SO; bulls
av 49, $275; 1 bull. $50, 1888; 1 COW, LOCO
1,190. $4.25; 4 steers, av 9s5, 1915; cows. av
1,155, 1925; steer $40, $500; cows av $50
$260; Is stockers av 43S, $500; l steer, 1,224
A.25; calves, av 240. $3.50; bulls, av 395,
$3.50; II stockers, av $50, $3.50; l bull, 400,
$3.50; 2 cows, av LIE, $500; cows, av .O24
$325; cows, av ! .049, 1925 2 stockers, av
1,0S5, $500; 80 Montana feeders av 1880,
$500; 81 Montana feeders, av 1880, $500; %
Montana feeders, av ! 1885, $500; cows and
calves, $50; l mich cow $23 l mich COW
$50; ] mich COW, s25
Hogs-The supply on market is good and
trading open, with, market strong closing
sales were in some respects sc lower than
yesterday in sympathy with decline at Chi
cago; the bulk sold at $3.S063.9 80. Sales: IA
hogs, av 800 lbs, $3.50; 4 hogs, $780, SO 60;
16 hogs, av $50, $3.50; II hogs av 257, 49, 701b:
22 hogs, av 213 $3.7211l; 40 hogs, av 22O, 49, so:
So hogs, av 209, $3.50; AZ hogs, av 2O7. So 821b:
43 hogs, av 218, $3.50; 6S hogs av 1872 $3S5;
70 hogs, av 221, 1885; SO hogs av 222, So. SIS; IS
hogs, ay 226, $9.S7lA; 80 hogs, av 100, $3.50; 81
hogs, aY 1856 $3.50
Sheep-Market firm.
MIDWAY HORSE MARKET.
Barrett & Zimmermans report: Markets
opened fair. Local traders were the most
numerous buyers on the market especially
drivers and drafters were looked for The
following representative sales are for horses
service sound, unless otherwise mentioned:
I mi brnu < Nd &
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
HOP GROWING IN rHE STATE.

Experiments have been made in this
State from time to time by experienced
hap growers, and in every case results
have been satisfactory. Years ago
hops were raised by nearly every
housekeeper for yeast making pur-
poses, but all that has changed. Now
the hops will be planted for commerce.
Messrs. Junge 6 Beck, who are de-
veloping Piney Grove, nine miles north
OF Southern Pines, have secured about
500 acres of land there, will erect dry
ing houses and all other necessary
buildings and will plant out hops in
such quantities that they can afford to
employ a competent superintendent
from the hop district in New York.
They claim that in North Carolina
poles cost one fourth what is charged
in the North; that labor to cultivate
and pick costs one half, and that the
season for picking is much longer and
the weather more favorable. They
have undertaken the farm only after
investigation by an expert.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
BEWARE OF ALL COTTON.

Every indication row points to the
fact that larger acreage of cotton
will be put in this spring thsn has e. or
before been known in the history of
the country. Statistics show that the
acreage planted last J ear was unusually
large, and but for unfavorable weather
cOnditions in some sections
and supera0undance of rains in others
the crop would have been the largest,
and the price perhaps the lowest, on
record. As it was the crop was cut
very short and the price went up cor
respondingly, to the great satisfaction
of such as had made crops. The result
of thsso coed prices and the phenom.
email yield obtained in those sections
where the crop did succeed have en-,
Unused cotton planters all over the
South, and they are preparing now for
the opening of the farming season with
more enthusiasm than they have dis
played in many previous years. The
result, we fear, will be that they will
overdo the matter and eff5ctually
knock the bottom out Of the market
next fall.
SO long as our farmers live at home
they can raise cent cotton or even g.
cent cotton, provided they grow it
purely as q surplus crop, but when
they make the mistake OF attempting
to buy dollar wheat, or 10 ctut beef
with cent cotton they are doomed to
immediate failure from the start. Corn,
cattle, hogs and sheep can be raised
cheaper than cotton, and the sdvan-
tsge with them is that If the market
does not suit the farmer can convert
his corn into stock and then salt the
latter down for future reference.
By adopting such a policy he can
always live even though he may not
sport as much money as the "bloated
bondhOlder" may do on occasions
Farming is an eminently practical
vocation and the farmer who goes at it
in q practical manner will succeed and
gradually grow rich.-B. r. Advocate.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16

to meet the demand without trenchlng
upon the land that ought to make each
planter practically independent of his
cotton for a living, and without refer
ence to the economy arising from a
steady advance in the improvements
in methods of cultivation.
In the last 100 years the total produc
tion Of cotton was worth $15, 900, 600.
exceeded only by that of corn. It's
value in the next century will reach
figures that hardly may be realized.
These two articles are comprehensive
in treatment. and form storehouse
of information of practical value to the
Southern agriculturist and the student
OF Southern conditions. Toe facts are
startling, the suggestions novel, and
their publication will attract wide at
tention
Supplementary to DR.. DAbney's ar
ticles, and appealing with the logic of
accurate figures to the Western farm
ers casting about for competency, is
the erticle on Cotton Growing vs..
Wheat Growing" In it are compared
the costs of raisiI g an acre of wheat
and one of cotton, and the results of
the sales of the products in 1894. a
minimum year for both wheat and
cotton. The conclusions derived from
official reports Of the Department of
Agriculture are most suggestive. The
average loss per acre on wheat was
IS So, and in Kansas, where it was
grown cheaper than any other place in
the country, 81 SO. On the other hand,
the average profit per acre in cotton in
the worst years we have had was 81 48,
and in 1895 it was S. %. This particu
lar advantage, when considered in con-
nection with the cheaper land, the
cheaper labor and the more genial
climate, ought to leave no doubt in the
Westerner's mind about the place
where his profit lieth.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
cow PEAS AND CLOVER AS SOIL
RENOVATORS.

The great need of the majority Of
our unproductive Southern lands is de-
cayed vegetable matter, or humus and
therefore of nitrogen. Chemical fer
tlliEers have -haen used year after to
force a grain crop, to the exclusion OF
the vegetable manures, and before the
land can be brought back to its former
state of fertility this organic matter
must be supplied, in order to obtain the
| nitrogen in which the soil Is deficient.
Nitrogen is the most expensive Of
plant foods, and it is unwis3 of the
farmer to buy at high price, when it
can be obtained so quickly and cheaply
by the use of COW peas and clover,
They accumulate nitrogen in abund
ance for their own growth and develop
ment, and store it up in sufficient
quantities for the use of succeeding
crops. The roots also penetrate deep
down into the soil and unlock and rem
der available the mineral plant food
stored there.
Crimson clover should be sown in
August or September, and plowed
under the following spring while the
soil is cool. A green crop must never
be turned under in hot weather.
Cow peas may be sown in May, June
or July, and should be allowed to ripen
and die down upon the land the next
year.
1t is seldom necessary to turn down
the renovating crop after the first year
it is too valuable as feed for stock, and
the roots and stubble will furnish eufi
cient organic matter to supply the
needs Of the soil after it is once partly
filled with humus.
The clover should be pastured or cut
for hay, and the peas may be allowed
to ripen and fed to stock upon the land,
or, when cut while green and cured for
hay, they make valuable and nutri
tious feed for stock.
If our farmers would only arouse
themselves to the value of COW peas
t.nd clover as rsnovating crops, they
would soon find that fertility can be
easily and cheaply increased and main
tained without the expense of CONNER
cial fertiliBers, the injudicious use of
which has proved 80 destructive to the
interests OF the Southern fsrmer.-A
Virginia Farmer, in Western Rural.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
POSSIBILITIES IN COTTON.

The February number of the s >uth
ern States gezine, published at Bal
timore, contains two conspicuously
able and noteworthy articles from the
authoritative pen OF DR.. Charles W.
Dabney, Jr., Assistant Secretary OF
Agriculture. They deal with practical
questions, the utilization of cottonseed
and the prospects and possibilities of
the crop for the next twenty five years.
The extent to which the seed might
be used is manifest II the statement,
based upon scientific calculations,
that, properly handled, the seed Of the
crop of 1897 ought to yield in round
numbers 100000 600, instead of i6S,
900, 900, which may be exected. At
present the seed are used as feed, fer
tilizer and fuel in addition to oil pro
ducers, and secondary prod uct of
feed and fuel is q fertilizer. There
may not oe at present sufficient mum
Der of mills and of cattle to turn all the
seed into cash, but there should be an
impetus to greater efforts in that direc-
tion in consideration of the potential
value of the cottonseed crop. This is
reckoned at s94. .239 S92 after deducting
10 per cent. for loss and seeding. The
total is derived from $41, $50, 900 in oil,
$3, 100, ,OCO in linters, $50. .O56. .765 in huIls
and meal made into live weight of cat
tie, and $13, 332, 727 in manurial value
OF hulls.
An increase of $40. .OOO, 600 and more
in the total value of the cotton crop
without increasing the size of that crop
is a possibility worth considering by
| the farmer.
It's Importance during the next
twenty five years will become greater
and greater as the demand for cotton
naturally expands. This will amount
to 2O,0OO,OOO bales by 1920, DR.. Dabney
reckons. And he shows that the
South ought to be able to produce it if
the force Of laborers is developed pro
portionally, OF the $4,000 square
miles in the cotton regions, but 80 per
cent. is in farms, but 20 cent. is i'm
proved, and only per cent. in cotton.
There is room, therefore, for expansion
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
N. c. EXPERIMENT STATION
SUGAR CORN.

The Experiment Station at Raleigh
for a number of years past has been de-
veloping a sugar corn that would have
the properties of field corn adapted to
this latitude, combined with the table
qualities of ordinary sugar corn. Il is
believed that character istics Of such a
cross are now permanently fixed. Tie
Station desires to place small package
Of the corn in the hands of careful par
ties who will give it a trial and who
will promise to report results next fall.
This should not be planted near field
corn. To applicants who will agree TO
the above conditions and will send
four cents for return postage and ex
pense of mailing, the Station will be
glad to send package as long as the
supply lasts. Apply to the North Caro-
lima Agricultural Experiment Station,
Raleigh, N. O.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
DIVERSIFIED FARMING.

So much has been said about diver.
sified farming, it seems as il there were
nothing new to say on the subject, but
after all that has been said the fact re-
mains that it is the farmer who follows
this system who comes out best at the
end of the year. The man who breeds
some hogs, sheep, cattle and horses,
who raises corn, oats, wheat, fruit and
other crops, is the one who is ready
for every market and gets something
every season.
Not every man can raise every kind
Of crop, but there is no place in this
country where but one crop or one
kind of stock must be given exclusive
attention and the best results can be
had only where the industries of the
farm are as widely diversified as
climate and soil will permit.
This year the man who has cattle,
ssneep or hogs in the way of livestock
and oats and c0rn in the way of feed,
is in a position to feed his grain to his
stock and sell his stock at price that
will net him more than twice as much
money as he can get by selling his
grain at present prices.
Il may be said that the average
farmer is not able TO buy stock to which
to feed his grain. This is no doubt the
case, but it shows that there has been
G mistake made in the past, and the
time to remedy it is now. If a begin
ming is made now and the breeding of
live stock begun, it will be but a year
or. two until the farmer will be in a
large measure independent of the grain
manipulators Of the country.
What is needed in this country is
greater diversity in farm products as
applied to individual farmers and q
more intense sy stem of cultivation.
The most profitable stock is that bred
to particular purpose; the most profit
able farm is the one that is forced to
the highest production from every acre
under cultivation.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
AGRICULTURE.

Peas are recommended as good crop
be grown among the orchard trees
The seedsmen are making a hard
ght against the free distribution OF
,eds by the government.
No farm work gives more satistac-
on in return for the trouble than
rafting natural fruit trees. Cut the
lions early.
Wood ashes is one of the best RENE
les for pear trees that bear cracked
uit Stir the soil we'll and then spread
le ashes we'll over the surface.
Do not be afraid of spending money
y schools. Few farmers can afford
) send their SONS away to school, %
le district school must be improved.
Allowing stock to drink water freshly
umped from the well will give them
7ater several degrees warmer than II
ompelled to drink from frozen pond.
Trees of various kinds can now be
ruined when the weather is mild. The
DDIe orchard should receive special
ttention, for fear it will not be Pruned
all when the spring work is begun.
a new use for skim milk has been
0und in the manufacture OF buttons
trough the recent invention OF an
,7glishman named James Calender.
IllIiard balls and combs are also made.
Mr.. Luther N. Tucker, editor in
hief of the CuItivator and Country
Gentleman, Albany, N. Y, died re
emily. He started the first agricul-
lral paper ever published, The Gene
90 Farmer. He was Journalist of
reat ability and energy.
Cyanide OF potassium reduced by
3veral times it's bulk of water, and ap
lied around the opening OF the nests
ants by dropping few drops OF the
Jlution into and around the nest IN
le heat of the day, is recommended
dead sure cure for ants.
Tne experiments in free mail deliv
= in the country districts are pro-
9unced successful, but the cost iG
rger than was expected. 10 judge
ON the forty-four towns In which the
an was tried, the expense in extend
free delivery the country over
ould be at least $40, 900, 900.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
No. 6
THE DAIRY.
SELF-SUCKING COWS.

Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer.
In recent issue of THE PROGRESSIVE
FARMER you gave two remedies for
curing self sucking COWS. The writer
OF the press bulletin from which the
remedies were taken has been before
your readers on the same subject, and
wishes to say that the remedies named
did not go out with the approval of the
writer OF the bulletin, as you will see
from internal evidence in the article
mentioned.
We believe there are few if any cases
of COWS which have formed the habit
of sticking themselves that will yield
to treatment of any kind save only one
and not prove provoking loss Of time
and trouble. Oar first and last advice,
unless one has leisure to fuss against
confirmed habit and a disposition to
to do it, is to fatten the COW for beef.
It has been well remarked by reader
and occasional correspondent that q
a COW that sucks herself is usually q
good one, and that this habit comes
from the relief afforded by drawing
down the tension of a full udder. This
strengthens the advice given above, az
it is then more than habit which in
duces the drawing away of the profit
Of keeping the cow.
The value lost in betting is only the
difference between what a cow can pay
interest on and finally return to her
owner and present worth in pocket for
so much beef. If che sucks the profit,
then the beef use is far ahead, without
counting loss of time and patience.
FRANK E EMERY.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
HORTICULTURE
DANGER TO AMERICAN HORTI,
CULTURE.

LBy T. D. A. Ccckereu, Entomologist of the
New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station ]
1t is a commonplace observation that
most of our Injurious insects are intro
ductions from abroad; and the most
cursory glance over the literature OF
economic entomology will show that
every little while one is added to the
number of alien pests. After years OF
comparative indifference, the country
is at length becoming alive to the
serious danger to our horticultural in
terests from these continued introduc
tions, and measures are contemplated
for preventing them. Already, indeed,
the State of California has establishe
q horticultural quarantine officer, Mr..
Alex, Craw, at San Francisco, with
full power to destroy, if need be, all
infested plants arriving at that port.
But California cannot alone protect the
United States from infestation, nor can
she efficiently protect herself, so long
as there are no proper precautions
taken in other parts Of America. In
this matter, as in many others, the
United States must act for the United
States; aided, indeed, by the people and
legislatures of the several States and
Territories, but still uniformly and
consistently, from Maine to San Diego,
and from Puget Sound to Key West.
The object of the present essay is to
put before the horticulturists of the
country some of the facts concerning
the foreign insect pests which are
liable to be introduced into the United
States. 1t should be clearly understood,
however, that what we now know is
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
MORNING OR TWILIGHT IN
DAIRYING

| Correspondence Of The Progressive Farmer.
This is the question a great host Of
dairymen are asking just at present.
Certainly the past two or three years
have been dark enough. With the
price ee batter very close 20 the COST e
production, there has been little to en-
courage men to improve their stock, to
enlarge their facilities or to launch out
in advanced methods in any direction.
With US in New York, the creamsries
returned about thirteen cents per pound
for butter as the average for the sum.
mer. This narrow margin of profit, il
indeed there could be said to be profit,
has had the result of causing many
farmers to abandon the creamery and
return to deep setting and other like
processes. 1 can count at least three
cases within the distance of one mile.
Last year having good deal of other
work to do, among other things the
enlargemt MT of my ice house, I sent my
milk to the creamery. The return was
highly unsatisfactory, and 1 shall not
be likely to follow that course again.
Three years ago, when l put up my
ice house, bought an improved port
able creamery. With this could pro-
duce finer article of butter than we
possibly could in any other way, and
we had the reputation of making ex-
cellent butter by the open pan system.
The butter made in this way we stored
in our cellar, which is a good one, and
sold in October at the highest market
price, which was from four to six cents
per pound above that realized by those
who sent their milk to the creamery.
Ny only trouble was that did not
provide for ice enough. Last year /
doubled the capacity of my ice house
and am now going to let my creamery
do it's best. This is the result of one
years experience at the public cream
cry.
Another thing has come about with
many of US consequence of the hard
times. We have learned that the old
time theory that cow is COW is a
fallacy. There are COWS and COWS, and
every live dairyman has been gradu.
ally wedding out the drones and put
ting In their place those which will
work. So some degree Of good has
come from the hard times; and I am
inclined to think that better times will
surely result from the somewhat try
ing experience of the past few years.
It is morning instead of twilight.
What say you, fellow. workersG
E. L. VINCENT.
Broonne Co. N Y.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
Broome Co., N. Y.

Bro. R J. Buffaloe, proprietor Of
Hollywood Farm, near Raleigh, and
one Of Wakes best farmers, sold q
monster hog on the Raleigh market
last week. 1t weighed 637 pounds,
dressed, and was between two and
three years old when killed. This is
further proof that meat can bs raised
as easily and almost as cheaply in
North Carolina as elsewhere, and we
are not doing our duty when we fail to
raise at least enough for home con-
sumption.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
per acre.

Salt attracts moisture, and is there
fore to some extent a preventive Of
firefanging when thrown upon manure.
In small quantities it stimulates fer,
mentation. and as the ammonia ie
given off it is formed with the salt into
into nitrate of soda, which, as all
know, is a very powerful manure. But
this nitrate is 80 soluble that if put
where. heavy rains will wash the ma
nure they will wash away the most
valuable portion of it. The best way
is to sprinkle salt pretty freely on the
manure pile just before it is to be drawn
to the field and incorporated with the
soil. It this is done early in the season
the growing crops will use up the fer
tility so fest as fermentation makes it
available.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16

The oat crop will make a fair success
where other grains would fail. But it
needs rich coil quite. as much as any,
and is especially benefited by phosphate
fertilizers. The average yield is low,
because the crop is generally put On
the poorest soil on the farm.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-03-16
,zE SATIoNAL, FARMERS ALL
ANCR AND INDUSTRIAL
UNION.

President-Ma Mann Page, Brandon,
Ts
Vice Prasident-C. Vincent, Indian
polls, Ind.
Jogan Station, Pa.
EXECUTIVE BOARD.
Mann Page, Brandon, Va. h. A
outh worth, Denver, Col. John Bre
IL, W. Va A. B. Welch, New YORK;
W. Stokes, S Q.
JUDICIARY.
q. A. Southworth, Denver, COLO.
=. ". Beck, Alabama.
a. D. Davie, Kentucky.