The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-04-11
Tho .d,,or, q, tina ar,o,cps found n larger con.

tho editors Of the Medscph found a larger con-
hlrent nf Hebrew writer's and progressive
a dnpNg Tbc .P Z nnIs se ,b esr rore to IL, Gb"u eSpTesSIon Of y
liberal thought and free research In correct
and elegant Hebrew; resulted IN The production
OF books ana nam phleta ON contemuurnnoOuA
subjects and. free religious and historical re-
search, mostly in .Galicia and Russia, The
liberal authors of the latter country had their
works published In Germany. Orthodox re.
ligious writer's and general essayists found
publishers in their native land. or printed their
books at their own expense and peddled thonA
from house u house. The trauscendentallsm oil.
Kant made, war ,agninst the peripatetlcism OF
jh1 older schools In the tongue OF the PROPHECIES;
the hercsics. Of the French encyclopedias as
suu d the Hebrew Garb to make their claims
teachings; Jewish political rcasouers and stu
dent. of sociology. having no voice In the Ver-
%nacular press. spoke their minds In Hebrew
to their own brethren
Finally. tho school OF Maskilim was formed
In Russia. with it's headquarters at Wilma. is
purpose being 10 divest the sacred 'onguo OF tho
exclusively religious character and ,phrnscol:
oRy which clunp TO 1t ND to the first decades OF
Ing on secular subjects in Hebrew. whether
connected with religion or without any reLix-
ings OF historical and philosophical research.
works OF secular writers bearing on the social
and educational questions OF the time were
translated into Hebrew and found their way
to the remotest Jewish settle ncnts. Latin
and German poems and novels. Byron, Milton.
were brought to tho Jews IN. tho Hebrew.
tongue. end with a literary skill deserving OF
CEltlChl DTAlhe.
Now a curious phase In the history Of the
rejuvsnation Of the sacred tongue appeared
AS tho schools of Hebrew writers increased
In Russia. Poland. and Austria. the German
jews. who had given the first impulse to THAI
retuvenatlon. began TO retire from the ield;
There were great scholars, deep thinkers, and
elegant Hebrew writer's among the German
Jews. but they preferred to conine their activ-
iy to tho reformation of Judaism rather than
to the cuitI, alton of their ancestral tongue.
They wrote their works in German. and for
advocated did NOT nDDeal 10 their bre Llren OF
other lands: and so 1t still remains. Among
the Jews Of the oriental lands these reforme
are not known at all; the Jews Of Russia and
Poland know some of their thoughts and re-
ligi9us methods, but only through the proPa-
br w tongue. The jews Of Holland. Italy.
Great Britain. and even of France. who have
Hebrew tongue. are also unsympathetio with
the religious reforms OF their German brethren
Even In Germany it.elf the orthodox party
is numerically much stronger than the REFORM.
although the leaders OF the latter are counted
among the most learned. and their works in
the fields of historical. archaeological md lit,
erarY research amonx the most important OF
tie century. These writer's neglect OF the cul-
the Influence exerted BY their historical and
philosophical learning. But whatever Ia un-
question ably good in these works finds its way
In 1887 the first Hebrew weekly, papsr waa
established by a Polish Jew at JOHANNESBURG
Lvck; West Prussia, This .wrs, soon fol.
lowed by another at wilma; a third APPEARED
q ouCbSa anu wv AZ hVr
papers treated the current social subjects dis
cussed IN Journals OF tho European LANGUAGES
generally. conininG their articles on science and
religion 20 su implements or JeutNctons. Monthly
MAGAZINES of scholarly tendencies. quarterly
and voluminors annual publications. appeared
and still appear in various parts of Russia.
kvst-a. and at Jerusalem. about twenty
iears ago the Odessa Hebrew weekly waA trans
planted to st. Petersburg. and has since de-
veloped into a daily ,paper; ANOTHER daily
Finally. following by the law of demand and
supply, It. appears that wherever Jews dwell
in any considerable number. the use of the
OF the time and the place accessible to them.
In other words. it NAV be inferred from tho
number OF Hebrew periodical publications. that
tho ancient language Is fully capable of OK
pressing the thoughts and sentimeCtso of this
immediate time. Hence Hebrew Is O living
ton que. to all intents and purposes.
To find the great number OF books and perl
odicaIs in tho modern Hebrew that have aD-
peared in this century it is only necessary TO
refer to the bibliography of William. Zeitlin
Biliothecd Hebrdica Post Ineu6elssohnidna.
Leipzig. 1Sal-1s95). In this volume 54s pages
are occupied with q list OF books IN the sacred
tongue exclusively. That list Includes tho
best authors OF the various European languages.
English. German. French. Italian. Russian. and
others. The greatest scientists and profound
est thinkers Of our ags are made to address the
Jew IN the tongue of the ahc:u5: H!c2scts. and
are reviewed. criticised. and variously con-
mentad upon In that ton que.
HENRY GIRsoNR