davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
EARNINGS

\ cablegram from London, annOunc-
ing the report Of the British Royal Com
mission of Agriculture. betrays as great
an uncertainty among the doctors of
economies in that country as in this.
The report proper explains the prevalent
agricultural depression by citing falling
prices and foreign competition, which
is not likely to abate. \ supplementary
report signed by ten members expresses
a conviction that measures tending to
increase the value Of silver would help
agriculture, but NJ such recommended
ton is made by the commission as a
whole. The supplementary report states
that the depression prevails alike in
nigh tariff and free trade countries, and
suggests that an explanation may be
found in the great American and Eu-
ropean monetary changes of 1873 and
1871. India and Argentine, where gold
has least appreciated, are said to suffer
least from the depression complained of.
The report proper takes an eItirely diff
ferent view OF the situation
~ sohIe"hdl Sensational book has
been published in Germany, dealing with
causes or agricultural depression in that
country. lie author, Pastor Goehre,
attacks ths German farmer, especially
tie rrussian manorial lords who are
the leaders of the Agrarian party. He
calls attention to the careless autiquat-
ed methods Of thing the soil, the back
ward condition Of the farm laborers, and
the horrible manner Of treating them
housing, clothing, and feeding them;
and shows that, despite hard times, these
agrlrian lords Will not learn to change
their ways-that they remain spend
thrifts, looking upon the management Of
their estates as d pastime rather than
as a serious life pursuit. In his conclud-
ing chapter, he comes to the conviction:
There is but one solution possible Of this
agrarian question, and one way Of re-
deeming this suffering rural population
and that is the economic and political
overcoming of their masters No thor
ough cure Of the agrarian troubles in
Germany-or, rather, in that part Of
Prussia lying east of the Elbe-is pos
sible until this arrogant race Of rural
lords has been humbled to the dust,
economically and politically broken
down."
The wider the view we get of the
world at large, the firmer becomes the
conviction that the American farmer,
despite many hardships and some in
justices. is better situated than any Of
his brothers.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
OUR HOGS PAY THE BILLS.

The hog grows cheapest on the pas
ture and beside the field that grow his
grains. He is most profitable as a sub
ordinate department., because he can
not consume the coarse folders Of the
farm. He furnishes the best market IN
which to sell the by-products Of the mill
and dairy. He assimilates more Of the
most concentrated feed stuffs than any
other animal on the farm. Quicker re-
turns come from him than from horses,
cattle or sheep. He pays the rents IN
European countries. lifts the mortgages
in the Northern States. and in commune
ton with the COW he will redeem the
wornout cotton and tobacco fields of the
South. Avoid permanent residences for
the hog: move him about. so that his
environments may be clean and uncon-
Eliminated by germs that develop rapid
" where they have suitable media.
Avoid close breeding, as it intensifes
nredisnosition to disease. Select your
breeding from good mixers. as this is
the best Indication Of fecundity.
No agricultural people thrive who buy
grain or meats and pay for them with
the price of other farm products.
We compete now. through improved
and choanening transportation. with al
the world. The farmer is most llde-
rendent who tinds ut least Sustrnance
FOR his family from his fields Hocks nnd
berds.-Prof. Wilson, Secretary of As
culture.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05

these figures are misleading. The Tribune
states that nobody imagines that actuai
stocks at the close Of any year a1ter
a good yield will be reduced as low as
they were July LIST, when they were
smallest since July /. 1891. At least, II
continues, as much wheat as was then IN
the country must be retained 10 provide
for the future, and q larger quantity
will certainly be retained unless prices
20 very high, or. as the next harvest
draws near, there IS Il certainty OF an
other very heavy yield. Our conteIh-
porary. therefore, contends that Tor
practical purposes the quantity Of wheat
reported on hand July 1st must be de-
Quoted from the remainder available
for export, and properly a larger quantl-
ty. 100000 900 bushels being as little as
can reasonably be allowed for stocks
and in the form Of -four, at the end Of a
good crop year. This would leave, 1t
adds, actually available for export no
more than 200, 900 900 bushels, which is
but 100000 bushels more than the
average exports for the last four years.
The Tribune also thinks that the au-
thority above quoted underestimate the
consumption demand, and after making a
calculation to show that the quantity
available for export will not exceed $780,
OOO, 900 bushels, declares that it is not to
be doubted that the worlds markets
will need from this country a much great
er increase of supply unless foreign con-
sumption is surprisingly reduced.
The Tribune discredits the government
| report of the yield as being based upon
too small an estimate of the acreage,
| but none the less its calculations lead to
the conclusion that if u marked depres-
sion in prices comes it will be only
temporary and due in large measure to
speculative influences. At the same
time it warns farmers who are holding
back their wheat against holding it
too long in the expectation OF getting ex-
IRENE prices.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
THE BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY

One ofthe most important facts to
be observed in convection with the
worlds industrial progress is the grow
ing popularity of beet sugar.
Less than ten years ago the worlds
total output of beet sugar was shorter
by $4,000 tons han it's total output of
cane sugar. Since that time the differ
ence between the two products has been
growing steadily in favor of the farmer
and today the total output Of beet SUI
put of cane sugar. The following table
shows in exact figures the gradual evo-
luton which has taken place in favor
OF beet sugar during the past ten years:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
IHB PRICE or COTTON


Under date OF September ~. C,t
Alfred Il. Shcpperson, OF New York. th~
W~elEkno"n authority on cotton. writes
III Textile American an important ar-
ticle explaining why cotton has not nj
vanced. lie contends thut tha Scptca-
Der receipts annot be safely taken "a
criterion 10y which to estimate the CT
tent OF the crop, as large r~cceipts iudt-
cate only early maturity OF the crop.
ne favorable accounts previous to Sep
tcmber lst and the liberal rcccpis since
then have caused American and Eur.
rpi""aH spInHrr- - buy H. ~~surugly a4
possible, ia the hop. of lower rrtc,.
when stocks Increased. Cotton was too
nigh for goods, ard the price Of raw ma
t'rIal had 10 decline. At this particular
lILhc, says Col. Sh"pP"r-on, then. Seem
to exist an earnest d.sir" on The par
of the South to part with its cotton
quickly and without regard 10 declining
prices, coincident with an iudispo4It,oo
on the part Of American and Europeaa
pnncrs 70 buy except for immediate
wants. lie thinks that spinner can
no" manufacture il al a far profit and
adds:
The spinner who buys at 1re-a.t
prices and IL cas- Of further decline FOL
lows the market down, wall probably not
nav" ca7ise 10 roget such action. for he
VIII have obtained his supplies " "A raw
material (Which loses nothing OF -,
value by beng kcptt at a pre-. far f.lew
II" ayeraE" for many years. Those WHO
WAL Tor lower prices In their anxiety 10
secure Tier cotton at the very bottom
may find their plans upset fy .gaa.~
dAd severe frg~f- and be- cgunc.l.I -
pay well FOR Their c5ttou-1u8 exr.-
once. ~ rrgrg t@ ~.- f-g.. t.--
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
WILL COTTON GO LOWER.

Cotton in November, 1894, and in
March, 1895, went down to 5 GIG cents.
BY April, 1895, cotton had advanced
nearly ~ cents, and in May advanced
"a cents more. making an advance Of
nearly two cents in the two spring
months following the lowest fall prices
known to this generation. The indica-
tions are that history will repeat Itself.
Alfred B. Shepperson says:
"Cotton may go lower and the pros
poets for an immediate improvement are
not very -uc"rInc:nS. hut from irs pres
emit price it would jump by leaps and
bounds should unusually early frosts oc-
cur. The spinner who buys at present
prices and in case of further decline fol
lows the market down, will probably
rot nave cause to regret such action, for
he Will have obtained his supplies of Il
raw material which loses nothing of its
value by being kept at a price far be-
low the average for many years. Those
who wait for lower prices in their anXl-
ETY. to secur their cotton at the very
bottom" may find their plans upset
by sudden and severe frosts and be
compelled to pay we'll for their cotton
and experience. The crop is far from
being secured. Its extent and it's quality
will largely depend upon the weather
during the next six or seven weeks.
Frosts VIII reduce the yield and frosts
and rain Will injure the quality. The
present receipts are excellent both as
to quality and staple, and s~pinners need
not be afraid to buy it and put it away.
for there are far worse investments than
actual cotton of good grade and staple
at present prices. Those who entertain
the idea that cotton will fall to the low
prices Of the season of 1S94-'95 are hug
ging Il vain delusion. The conditions are
essentially different.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
THE PRICE OF WHEAT

A baltimore grain exporter. who tos
jnst returned from an extensive tom
Of Europe. tells the Baltimore SIM +ba+
America is in 4 position to ccntro, tho
price Of wheat. #nd TO n he
degree that Of corn. and that Fn,risb
and French grain dealers share this
opinion. In this country only Is +bnro
IN available surplus Of grain and +h;s
situation mnst remain unchanged at
least until next February, when ths
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
PRACTICAL TEST OF EGYPTIAN
COTTON.

The Macon Telegraph says: Mr.. h. u.
Lumsdcn, the w~ell-known Bib county
planter, has made "a practical test Of the
Egyptian cotton, commonly known in the
State as the blackseed cotton. and Satur-
day he brought to the Telegraph office a
stalk Of this and also one of the ordinary
Georgia plant. He planted a row Of each
side beside and cultivated them in the
samy. The seeds of the Egyptian
cotton had been sent to him by the gov
ernment's Agricultural Department, and
he determined to test it thoroughly. The
fibre is Of superior quality and much finer
than the ordinary cotton planted in
Georgia, and is said to be worth about
10 cents a pound. Of course, If It could be
handled and cultivated with as little ex-
pense and produced in the same guam
tity as the Georgia cotton II would pay ali
Georgia farmers to abandon the common
variety and take up this. But Mr.. Lums-
den's experience is that they had better
stick to tie Old variety. He says 1t costs
q great deal more 10 raise il and requires
special machinery for ginning Il, this ma
chiuery Ie.ng more costly tAan the aIpa-
ratus now in use for common cotton. The
stalks are more delicate and do not bear
as much fruit. The boI.s nave only three
lObes. while the Georgia plant has four.
The roots Of the Egyptian plant are com-
paratiyely slight. the latera.s being
strings, while the Georgia variety has
large, vigorous shoots that VIII stand a.
most any kind Of wind"
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05

1t is not every country on the Slope
which is SO fortunate in the variety ana
abundance of it's resources as to regard
with Indifference any change whlch
might occur in the industrial situation so
<,r 90 the manufacture of sugar is con-
cerned; but such is the fortunate STU
alton in which this country finds ITSELF
and come what may, the United States
;s ready to produce its share OF the
worlds sugar.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05
Beet

ten years have brought about, it looks
very much as if beet sugar were des-
tined to supplant cane sugar altogether.
But, happily for the United States, it
makes little difference which product is
ultimately made the basis of the worlds
sugar industry as both are native to the
soil OF this country, and abound in
large quantities. The following table
shows the gradual change in percentages
which has taken place during the past
ten years:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05

Mr.. Jackson Pennington ~ Me-.
comery county brought ta o,fr c,rca L..
Friday the taliest stalk - co,.o, -
the season. II measured : raa- ana
contained 15G bo!ls. Mr.. Pennington
says ~ has plenty of cotton or thi,
KIND. lie is one of the most snccessfgl
farmers Of Montgomery county and
knows a good thing when he sees it
Stan!y Enterprise.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1897-10-05

Mr.. T. r. Jones md Mr.. Holm Tnnlov
have given the SanctifcationiS+s =
corner lot in Roanfort. saws tho V"ral1.
md thov will build n church sixty by
thirty feet.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12
RESCUE LODGE. NO. 65.

Rescue lodge gave an "experience'
social at the residence of Mr.. Corey on
Pleasant street. The experiences were
varied and amusing; amount realized,
S4.50.
The delegates to the District meeting
are Chief Templar Edwin Ferguson and
Vice Templar Mae Sherman.
Once more we are called to part with
one of our members; one more member
has gone on before. Mabel Scarborough
died Feb. Il. Always bright and cheer
full, she won friends wherever she went.
and those who knew her best loved her
most dearly. Those whose privilege 1t
was to work beside her had learned to
appreciate her worth and she is sadly
missed. All, we'll! we will not say good
night, but in some brighter cline bid her
good morning. NJ. S.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12
Onions For Market.

Here is what a successful York state
specialist says in The New England
Homestead: Onion growing may be di-
vided into culture in the kitchen gar
den, the market garden and on the farm.
In the market garden the first thing I'M
der consideration is the soil. That best
suited for the onion is a dry, sandy
loan, not wet or soggy, for if it is you
will have nothing but solutions at the
end of the season. Take a piece of land
that has had early potatoes and as soon
as these are dug haul on plenty of we'll
rOtted barnyard manure; spread evenly.
PlOw, not too deep, but just deep enough
to cover the manure. Then SOW rye on
it at the rate Of six bushels per acre.
Don't be afraid of sowing your rye too
early i'll the fall. Don't pillow too early
in the spring, but give the rye a chance
to start. By blowing it again i'll the
spring you get all your manure on top,
just where you want it for onions. The
roots of onions are all near the surface.
After going over it with a good smooth
ing harrow the ground is ready for the
seed.
Make the rows IS inches apart. They
might be nearer, but think this neal
enough, because it gives a better chance
to work them with a double wheel hoe.
When the onions are about four inches
high, SOW on wood ashes at the rate of
100 bushels per acre broadcast never
thin my onions, but leave them as the
drill sows them. Harvest as soon as the
tops die and sow rye as i'll the fall pre-
vious, ready for another years crop. If
these directions are followed, l promise
you fine crop of onions.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12
y. %. o. Q. Column.
FACTIONS LODGES.

One of the greatest questions of the
best to interest temperance people that
are not Identified with us in the work of
our order. That thousands of the best
people who should be with us are not,
is known to every intelligent Good Tenn
plar. There must be some reason for
this and to find that reason we must
look in and not out, look to our work
lngs in subordinate, district and grand
lodges and not to the world at large for
the reason. think the heading of this
piece more nearly gives an answer to the
question than anything else can. AL
though my experience in the work has
not covered any great extent of time, |
find lodges with which am acquainted
split into factions working at cross pur-
poses and thereby, to my way of think
ing, greatly destroy their sphere for use
fulness in the noble object we have in
hand.
Unity of purpose in the great work
of temperance reform is absolutely
necessary to accomplish results. If the
members of each subordinate lodge
would only agree to disagree on minor
points and stop at that, instead of dis
putting, and at many times quarrel.ing
over questions themselves unimportant,
remembering that it is absolutely i'm
possible for us to think alike on all sub
ects, but that we have a grand object
in view upon which we do agree and
that that object necessarily implies
unity of purpose working hand in hand,
shoulder to shoulder, with our face to
the common foe, instead of disputing
among ourselves over points of order,
and in Just what order to advance in our
forward march to meet the enemy, then
and not until then can we command that
respect necessary to draw to US rein
forcements which we so badly need.
TO win the respect and esteem of the
public we must deserve it, and to de-
serve such respect we must pull to-
gether in unity Wisconsin Good Tenn
plar.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12

1t is but a few years since the ex-
tractor was invented, artificial founda-
ton cOntrived and the movable frame
discovered. Now the world is set agog
by German, Otto Schulz of Buckow,
in the construction of artificial comb,
all ready for the bee to fill with honey.
Both wooden and metallic combs have
been used for breeding purposes prior to
this, but never for the reception of
honey. The artificial comb is made of
wax, and, according to The Farm Jour
NAILS description of it, the only objec-
tiOnable feature is its heaviness. The
cell constructed by the bees is in thick
ness from two One-thOusandths to -four
one-thousandths of an inch, but the
Schulz is twenty-five one housandths.
This would make it too expensive for
practical purposes. This Objectionable
feature will doubtless be overcome, and
the combs, fully drawn out into cells,
will be given to bees as artificial foun-
dation is now given. The insects will
then be confined to the business of prop
agating their species and gathering the
nectar from the opening flowers
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12
UNION LODGE, NO. so.

The District lodge met with us the
Sd and all seemed to enjoy the day, even
though it rained hard about all day.
Union lodge desires to extend to our
friends here, who so generously aided
us, vote of thanks for their excellent
help and to the church and society for
the use of their edice for the public
service, also to Jas. W. Thomas for the
use of the tom hall for our business
session.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12
OF VERMONT, !

IL \
Josephine r. Morris OF Bristol. i'm said
county, having filed her petition to the Ad-
olson county court next to be held at Middle
bury, within and Tor said county, on the first
Tue sday OF June, a. h. 1897, setting forth in
substance that she was married to David +.
Morris on the 10Th day OF January. A. ID. 1889 T.;
years last past; that she has been treated by
the said David +. with intolerable severity
that the said ID avid +. on the 10th day OF sept.
1892, and on divers other days ana times since
that day and the date OF this petition has
been guilty OF the crime OF adultery with one
Dora Elliot and with other women whose
names are to this petitioner unknown; that
the said David +. Is OF sum cient physical
ability to provide suitable maintenance tor
her, but has without cause, during the last
-FOUR years grossly and cruelty neglected ana
refused so to do. wherefore she prays tor n
divorce from the said David f. ana alimony
from his estate.
And 1t appearing that the said David f..
resides without said State OF Vermont, so that
said petition cannot be served upon i'm, it
Is ordered that he be summoned 10 appear
and answer the foregoing petition on the first
day OF the next term of said court to be held
at MiddleburY aforesaid, on the first Tuesday
OF June, A. d. 1891 by the publication OF the
substance OF said petition together with this
order in the Middlebury Register, publ shed
in said Middlebury, three weeks SUCCESSFULLY,
the last OF which publications to be at least
six weeks prior to said term of said court
Dated at Middlebury aforesaid this 27th
day OF February, A. ID. 1897.
RUFUS WAINWRIGHT, Clerk.
Henry Ballard, atty for petitioner. 10
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12
POTATO Fertilizers.

Fertilizers on potatoes have been the
subject of exhaustive experiment at the
Ohio state station and numerous substa-
tiOns. Phosphoric acid seems to have
been the controlling element in increas-
ing yield in all these tests, whereas, ac-
cOrding to The New England Homestead,
in many Of the southern, middle and
eastern states potash seems to be the
more necessary element. In the Ohio
test the lowest cost per bushel of in
crease was obtained by the use of super
phosphate alone, but the greatest gain
per acre was With /, 100 pounds per acre
Of a complete fertilizer containing nitro
gen, phosphoric acid and potash. Muri-
ate of potash and nitrate of soda when
used alone did not give profitable in
crease, but proved beneficial with sn-
perphosphate.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12
ADDISON COUNTY DISTRICT
OOGE

Notwithstanding the abundance of
Good Tempar weather" some of the
lodges were not represented at the meet
ing at Salisbury Wednesday, the 3D..
The fifty members from out of town who
did attend enjoyed very pleasant time
indoors, and, departing, voted them
selves well paid for the extra effort and
uncomfortable time in getting there.
The work was heartily entered int by
those present, the District degree being
conferred upon p candidates by D. C. L.
VIM. F. Bump. Much credit is due
Bro. E. L. Kelley, d. NJ, and Sister
Mary Stowe of Bristol, d. d. NJ, for the
splendid manner in which the candi-
dates were introduced. A better mar
shall than Bro. Kelley does not exist in
Vermont. In the evening Rev. 5. B.
Dunn delivered a most excellent adj
dress. Those who have heard Bro.
Dunn can form some faint idea of Its
merit. Addison County District lodge
has never listened to better one. In
closing rising vote was rendered the
local lodge and others who so generously
provided for the comfort and enjoyment
received. The lodge decided to hold Its
next regular session with Cold Spring
lodge of East Middlebury on Wednes-
day, June ,.
Members were present from the sew
eral lodges as follows: Triumph, No.
20, %; Effort, No. p. G; Rescue, No.
60, :: Orwell, No 40, 8; Cold Spring,
No. "a, ); Union, No. 80, 80.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1897-03-12

Having the water upon the land, il
can be applied in various ways. Flood.
ing or allowing the water to spread oyel
the surface to the depth of from two to
ten inches was formerly extensively
used, but it is now employed only fol
grain and similar crops. The most COM
mon method for vegetables and fruits is
to make burrows and run the water
along in them so that it can soak into
the soil. Professor Taft, i'll his article
on irrigation incorporated in the yeal
book of the United States department of
agriculture, says;
If properly arranged, the water can
not spread upon the surface, and by