davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1897-12-16
Mems
Overcoats

Mems THE shaggy frieze is
Overco,tS probably the most
liked overcoating Of
the year. Warm, serviceabIe,
dressy--little wonder that if is
The colorings are black, brown and
Oxford gray /; made in the proper.
est lengths, with all the latest
touches of the best merchant tailor.
ing. Some lined with Italian cloth
some with black worsted; all sleeves
SATIN lined; many have shoulders
lined with satin. Prices 49,
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1897-12-16

The poor laboring pnope- those
who are striking for wages that will
enable tbem 10 buy brcad--help to nav
theso penHiors. They do not ask that
the pensions he abolished, but is il
too much for them to ask that they be
made reasonahleP
"Mr. Chairman, ainco the jpaurura.
tion of the era OF Mckinley prosperity.
of which we have heard go much, the
depreciation this year 10 the cotton
crop of the Southern States ia mora
than Sl00, 900, 600 Ii ia not to be won
dered at, Mr.. Chairman, that this con /.
dition OF things should have impressed
q little Georgia girl, of whose prayer |
heard 40 came on 10 Washington. In
concluding her prayer, after praying
for her father and mnther, brothers,
sisters, and friends, tho preacher, the
Sunday. school teacher and the heather
she said And now. o Lord. take pood
care of Yourself, for You know You and
Mckinley are all we've got to depepd
on, and 1t don't look like McKipley
lie going to do anything for us. +,
tLHughter.) In her childlike aim.
plicity, that little girl took in the
situation pretty we'll daughter.
4 4 4
"Mr. Chairman, before closing I wiHb
10 call the attention Of the COMMITTEES
to some Huggestions for remedial lagis.
lation made to US by the Comminsioner
of Pensions. l think they aro no reason
ablo they ought not to moot with a
single objection on this floor. Ito re-
commends tho passage Of an act that
will prevent widows Of soldiers WIN
marry after this time from drawing n
pension. This is the law now, SO far
as the pensioners undsr the act Of 1890,
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

mas oeen consecrated to the education
OF the street gamins of Paris and the
children of the slums.
Six years ago she conceived and mt
into execution a unique project. This
was in brief the construction of a mort
able school, which is artfully made to
resemble a chalet of brick and wood
though easily disjointed and moved
from place to place, together with her
commod1ouS little house on wheels in
which she discreetly dispenses hosni-
tal1ty to the little ones she educates by
seasons without charge. This curious
edlf1ce, with the good soul that pre-
SIDES over 1t, pays regular visitations
10 the central points of the fauborgs
ana quarters in which the poorest and
most ignorant classes live.
|. AT every recurring visit her clientele
has so increased, drawn perhaps as
much by hunger for the bread and
bonbons she bestows as by hunger
Tor knowledge, that she has been
compelled to annex a tent for the ac-
commodation of the little ones. This
excellent woman, who bears the bur-
den of her years with a splendid vi
tality and robust faith in the goot-
ness of the work she is accompIish
ing, reigns modestly, but like a Queen
mother, over the broods of semi-savage
urchins who gather under her benign
rule. She mingles with the bows and
girls indiscriminately, an unusual pro-
ceeding according to the ethics of Fu-
ropean education, and devotes as much
time to teaching them Christian mo-
rality and independence of virtuous
spirit. as in intoxicating the rudiments
OF education. Lately Miss Bonnefois
has been aided by the active collabo-
ration of young and enthusiastic
apostle, Mile. de Saint -Blaise. whose
outline may be dimly seen in the fore
ground of the travelling school a
sketch of which is presented herewith.
Not the least valuable lessons Miss
Bonnefois and her assistant teach are
those to be drawn in after life by their
scholars from the nobility and virtue
of their helpful and disinterested ex-
amples.
BLANTON PIERCE.
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
THWARTED BY 4 GIRL

The present Kaiser would probably
not admit that he had often been
thwarted in any of his plans, but an
anecdote has recently become known
which shows that he has at least once
When the Kaiser, who was then
Prince Wilhelm, was about 10 years old.
he and Prince Heinrich spent some
time at Cassel with their tutors. who
sometimes allowed the little princes to
play with other children. One day when
several of them were gathered together
it CHANGED that little French girl was
among the number, and the young
Germans conceived the brilliant idea
of making her a representative of the
country they all so cordially hated
The delightful plan was Immediately
put into execution, and the poor child
was tied to tree. Then began a fu-
sillade of pine cones, sticks, etc, and
whenever anything struck her there
was a cry of Here's for Sedani" This
went on for few minutes, when a lit
tie Hungarian girl, Helena Won D.
who was watching, could bear the in
justice no longer, and, singing out
Prince Wilhelm as the chief offender.
she threw herself upon him. The at
tack being unexpected. he was COM
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

mence life anew.
To many convicts this little piece of
paper-like an angels tear-blots out
the past
There was an old man once in the
FOLSOM Prison who had almost served
his time, when fatal illness seized
him and he knew that death and not
the turnkey would open his prison
door.
AS the end grew near he had but one
request, and that was for his restora-
tion papers.
he had been an exemplary prisoner,
and constant, faithful attendant IN
on the Warden's family, and as soon
as the Warden's wife heard of the old
mans request she telegraphed to the
Governor and asked if it could be done.
The answer came that it could. A
messenger rode on horseback forty
miles that night, and as morning
broke the old convict lay in death, but
traces of the only smile his poor old
Visage had worn for many a year were
still lingering, and crumpled in his
death grasp was a Certificate of Res
toration to Citizenship"
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

one or our volcanoes possessed propor-
tionately the same expulsive power.
matter would be propelled from it to a
vertical distance of $500 miles above
the earth's surface-a distance requir-
ing velocity of propulsion which
would overcome the gravitative attrac-
tion of the earth-so that the elected
matter would never return to it.
Indeed, if Professor Schaeberle's
theory of the suns corona is well
founded, and it is meeting confirmation
in great many ways, the sun is con-
stantly expelling matter to distances
from its equatorial regions more than
twice its diameter, or nearly 1000, 900
miles, and which matter is as con-
stantly drawn back to it by the force
of gravity.
Another theory is that the sun spot
is depression in the solar surface. a
caVing in of the surface, caused by the
outrush of internal gaseous matter, not
at the spot itself, but in regions imme-
diately adjacent to it, leaving the sur
face where the spot is afterward
formed without the support which it
would have had if the outrush from the
adjacent region had not taken place.
Both these theories, however, as
sumo the expulsion of gaseous matter,
and therefore such outrush is in the
one case the direct and in the other the
indirect cause Of the sun spot, and thus
in this sense the prominences' may
be said to be the real cause of the sun
spot.
These 'prominences' or gaseous out
bursts can only be seen in detail as
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

ance, butwas far surpassed by the enor-
nous sun spots that appeared Febru-
ary 4, 1892, and also by that of August
1898, and even by several of lesser size
that were visible before and since
those dates. Among them may be
mentioned those of August, 1895, Feb
.ruary and September, 1896, and Janu-
ary of the present year
THE great spot of February, 1892
extended over an area 10000 miles in
length and 75 miles in width It's first
development appeared in November
1891, and reappeared by rotation in
due time in December, and again in
January, 1892. The latter view was
especially interesting, as a vortex mo-
ton was noticeable while it crossed
the disk between January and 20.
Long continued and accurate OBJ
servations of such detail may eventu-
ally aid in solving the source of the
problems. The corona is one of the
most difficult of sun mysteries, as it
can be studied only during the brief
moments Of total eclipse; but it is to
be hoped that some advances will be
made during the eclipse of next month.
1t is wiser for solar students to recog-
nize the fact that the causes of some
phenomena are yet unknown, and
may remain so, than to be hampered
by the supposed advance of a false So
luton"
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

per1lous plunges into the sea for the
succor of human life. Delacour began
his record of renown at the age of Is
years, when he saved a young woman
and the sinking sailor who had gone
to her rescue in the ship basin at
Havre. He bears on his bosom a con-
stellation of medals, to which was
added last January the cross of the
Legion of Honor.
OF another sort of hero is Arnold
Rogier, president Of the organization
of life-savers of the Aisne and ancient
professor of the artillery school of La
Fere. Rogier, 20 years old, is the re-
cipient of four medals of honor from
the Government for rescuinG drowning
unfortunates. But succoring his
equals did not suffice to satisfy the
broad and intelligent altruism of this
generous old man, so he has devoted
arduously the past ten years of his life
and is still engaged at the work in
educating the children, free of charge.
of the primary schools in a circuit it
keeps him busy to cover in German.
history and geography, knowledge of
which he deems essential to the up
building of citizenship that will be val
liable to the State.
The third example chosen from the
long list of the virtuous, for the pur-
pose of illustration, is Miss Eugene
Bonnefois, who is the founder and
teacher of what is described as the
school foraine," a sort of perambu-
lating institution tutored by matron-
like goodness and wisdom.
Early in life Miss Bonnefois, who is
now far advanced in years, busted her
self with small works of charity
among the poor children who are seen
in such numbers at the Faubourg.
fairs-the offspring of poverty and
wretchedness. When the Franco-Ger-
man war broke out she went to the
front, where she remained administer
ing to the dying and wounded soldiers
until Paris was taken. In the DAYS of
the commune she was no less energetic
and self-sacrificing. With her modest
competence she maintained herself as
a lay sister of charity, always declin-
ing compensation and financial re-
ward.
The life Of Miss Bonnefois since then
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
ACADEMIC PRAISE FOR HUMBLE HFROFS

The French Academy has a custom
deserving of adoption by the universi-
ties or the States. 1t is the annual
presentation in the form of a lecture
by one of the members delegated to
perform the task of noteworthy acts
of heroism and true benevoIence. These
reviews, the subject-matter of which
is drawn mainly from the valiant and
charitable deeds of men and women
who serve their conscience rather than
the vain gods, are accounted of great
interest and effect.
The author each year searches every
nook and corner of France and the
rookeries of lower life in the cities for
individual texts. The benefits thus
modestly conferred upon the nation in
the name Of humanity; the noble ef-
forts of the lowly to succor and relieve
their fellows without expectation of
reward other than the delight of obey-
ing the practical teachings of Christ,
are thus clothed in language inspiring
to those who listen and who read, and
memorialized in the archives of the
academy.
To be appreciated by a gentle word
is cheering to the most unselfish bene-
factor; to be baptized at the fountain
head of education and national thought
as of noble achievement cannot but
stir to warmer fire the embers of
Christian emulation smoldering in the
sternest heart.
In the recent lecture on the subject
of the prizes of virtue, Jules Claretie.
the journalist academician, acquitted
himself with his habitual talent. From
among so many figures to which the
art of this clever essayist has given
such lively relief and warmth of per-
spective, it is difficult to make any
super-eminent selections. Three will
suffice, however, to indicate the range
of the academic inquiry and approba-
ton.
The first is Louis-Andre-J Joseph Della
cour, a veteran fisherman and the son
of lifelong mariner of Quillebeuf.
Delacour is the hero of forty-eight res
cues from death. He is IS years old, and
only recently scored the latest of his
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
All the Eminent AStrOnO-
merS of theWOrId Care
fully Studying It.

I'm a telescope study of the surface
of the sun, which has now lasted for
more than seven years, / have been
much impressed by the sharpness of
the boundary line between the umbra
and penumbra of the spots-a feature
that is not satisfactorily explained by
any of the theories advanced as to
spot formation. No gradual blending
of tints is apparent, the outer umbra
being generally as dark as the center,
and the inner penumbra as light as it's
outermost border. Though co-opera-
tive in the formation of a spot, they
evidently differ much as to quail
ty, quantity or temperature.
''The views of Young and Secchi
that the uprushing vapOrs of the in
candescent sphere, when cooled, fall
down again near the place of eruption,
forming a comparatively dark area
below the general level of the photo
sphere, do not explain the absence of
graduated shadiness; and Lockyers S
theory of dark meteOric downpours
indenting the glowing surface, and
Faye'S belief in the vortex effects pro-
duced by conflicting currents are like
wise inadequate in this respect. This
is but one small problem that has
eluded explanation so far.
The more important questions as to
the cause Of the periodical increase of
sun spots, of their persistent avoid
ance of the polar zones, and of the
gradual increase of the suns rotation
toward the equatorial zones, have baf-
fled eminent physicists for years. The
longer one studies the strange fea-
lures of the solar surface the more the
conviction grows that though terres-
trial physics must be the chief clew to
solution, if such be attainable, the
heat and pressure within the great Iu-
minary may create conditions of mat
ter unknown here
THE recent large sun spot was
chiefly remarkable as a reaction after
months of unusual quiescence that
have not been equaled in the past six
years. 1t was large for this period, so
near the minimum of solar disturb
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
LEGAL FORGIVENESS

In little book in the Governors Of
flee there is short memorandum
made every day or two which, to an
ordinary observation, would appear but
a trifing matter.
Certificate of restoration to citizen
ship issued" is all this memorandum
means to the general public, but to the
man who receives it it means world
Of comfort, a pride, a satisfaction to
some that is complete.
Restoration to citizenship is given by
The Governor of the State to discharged
epnvicts of the State prisons. 1t is gen
orally issued upon recommendation of
tie Warden, who has a record of the
prisoners conduct during his incarce-
ration.
All first termers" may receive it,
second termers never can.
No one is permitted to see the record
which discloses the identity of the con-
vict.
With a new suit Of clothes, his rail-
road fare to the locality of his con-
viction and this certificate of resotra-
ton, the discharged convict is given
every incentive in the world to COM
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

pletely taken by surprise, and fell
down, whereupon she began to pound
him, crying out at each blow, Here's
for Sadowa." The prince was fast get
ting the worst of it, for his little adj
versary was thoroughly in earnest.
when the imperial tutors, hearing the
noise, rushed up and separated the
combatants. After that the princes
were more carefully watched, and vii
liam had no opportunity to ''get even"
with the little champion of justice.
Some days afterward, hearing that the
princes were leaving, Helena went
down to the gate to see them go by.
AS they passed Wilhelm spied his foe,
and, leaning out behind his tutor. he
stuck out his tongue.
Helena was the daughter of titled
parents, and later she was married to
an Englishman. When the Kaiser was
recently in London she told this story
to one of his gentlemen in waiting. who
in turn repeated it to his majesty. The
latter exclaimed: us that devil of
girl here now? l would like to see
her" A meeting was arranged, but
Helena became i'll, and so they never
met after that one encounter to make
friends or renew hostilities.-New
York Tribune
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
Titanic Celestial Explosion
That Has Made a"Spot"
on the Sun.
What causes sun spots?

What causes sun spots?
That is a difficult question. Scien-
tine men differ about it Some claim
That a sun spot is caused by a violent
outrush from the interior of the sun
OF enormous quantities of gaseous mat
ter, causing a rent of greater or less
magnitude in the solar surface. or
photosphere, as it is called, and which,
as viewed by us, is darker than the
rest of the suns surface from the fact
that we. are looking at it through the
cooler and less luminous gases which
nave been projected in our line of
sight. This theory practically implies
that the sun spot and what are mac
curately called prominences' - or
those outrushes of gas-are the same.
"On this theory, when we look at a
sun spot located near the center of the
suns disk, we are looking down at it
IN the same sense as if we were in a
balloon and looking down on the earth.
The explosion is directed toward us,
and we view it from the same direc-
ton as though we were in a balloon at.
say, q safe distance above Mount
Vesuvius looking at it while in a state
of eruption. The elected material in
oOOA OeAoC - COIlluS lOWdTQ US, DuC as
in the one case we would see not the
flames and molten matter elected by
the volcano, but the clouds which over
hang them, so in the other we see the
| cooler gases which are being projected
toward US and which have cooled and
become less luminous by reason of
their contact with the less heated
space surrounding the sun. Through
these cooler and less luminous gases
we are enabled to see the edges and
| darker center of the rent in the solar
surface caused by the explosion of the
materials beneath.
These eruptfons are sometimes of
prodigious magnitude. Some of them
have been approximately measured
and it has been found that on occa-
sions gaseous matter has been expelled
to a distance of 100000 miles from the
suns surface. Such distances and
forces are almost inconceivabIe, but if
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

The following from the Cleveland
Leader is intended to illustrate a recent
Georgia episode.
Il want to see the Postmaster"
I'm the Postmaster, sah-look out,
Mighty close shave that, sah''
who in thunder is that fool firing
at?'
"At me, sah.''
What for?"
Doesn't like my color, sab. Take
care there, sab! You're right in range.
Zip! OATS the feller out dar behind
the tree, sab. Dem boys takes a shot
at me evrey time dey goes by"
well, but doesn't it make you want
to throw up your job and get out of
this?'
ME, sah I guess not I don't throw
up no Government snap for such tri-
fling, no-account fellows like dem.
Bang! OATS Lige Brooks firing
through the back door. Well, my gra-
ciOus! if he amt done shot a hole
through the mail bag. Fust thing dat
pusson knows he'll be gettin' in trouble
wild de United States, yes, sah.''
well, you're a philosopher
''No, sab; I'm a Republican, and
dar's only foah noah of us in de town"
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
D*:1 BLAZING OCEANS OF FIRE 100000 MILES IN DIA
Profes
William M. OF1oloroD.
Professor SerViss.

and photographs showed them with a
perpendicular height of $4,000 miles.
"Sun spots have an average life of two
or three months. One in 1S40-41 lasted
eighteen months. Some endure only a
day and others but few hours. When
the suns surface is most disturbed by
sun spots there is frequently mag
netic disturbance of the earth, which
seriously affects telegraph wires and
greatly intensifies the aurora borealis.
Sun spots have a period, or cycle.
There are occasions when no spots are
visible, and other times when there are
a great many. These are called mini
mum and maximum periods.
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
Professor Scboeberle.

such when they are at the edge of
the suns disk and then only by means
of spectroscope, or when the sun is
in total eclipse. They are frequently
quite evanescent, lasting sometimes no
longer than a few minutes. On June
Z, 1894, Professor Hadden of Iowa OBJ
served an eruptive prominence of
about 10000 miles in height which
subsided in about ten minutes, but
which caused a great disturbance in a
group of sun spots in the immediate
vicinity.
"On these occasions. enormous bodies
of incandescent gases are seen to rise
above the earth's surface, assuming
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26
THE "SPOT" is STILL A MYSTERY
FOR SCIENTISTS TO SOLVE
BY Professor SchoeberIe.

ments not the slightest credence or at
tention is given by astronomers.
The first visible indication of the
present spotted area was photographed
at the Lick Observatory on December
5, on which date the disturbed area was
first brought into view by the suns
rotation. 1t had formed on the farther
hemisphere of the sun some time be-
fore this date. December and Z were
cloudy days on Mount Hamilton, so
that no photographs could be taken.
On December the whole disturbed
area Of nearly 100000 square
miles was well advanced on the suns
visible hemisphere.
1t was last photographed on Decem-
Der 10, Just as the spots were being
carried out Of sight by the rotation of
the central orb.
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

IN response to The Calls request for
| information relating to the sun
spots, about which so much has re-
Gently been said, attention should, it
seems, first be called to the fact that
spots similar to and even much larger
than those at present under discussion
have been seen to form and to disap-
pear ever since the time of the inven-
ton of telescopes, and common sense
analogy leads us to believe that this
condition of the suns surface has ex-
listed for thousands Of years.
Seemingly unusual celestial phenom-
ena naturally excite minds easily un-
balanced and as a result sensational
theories leading to predictions of dire
catastrophes are proclaimed It need
hardly be said that to such announce
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

grees and S5 degrees on each side of
the equator.
"A large group of sun spots has re-
Gently appeared, and, through the
kindness of Director Schaeberle and
Professor Perrine of the Lick Observa-
tory, am enabled to furnish The Call
with a photograph of it taken on the
18th inst. The spots themselves and
the disturbances of the solar surface
between and Immediately about them
are large, but not unprecedentedly so.
The disturbed region would measure,
approximately, about one hundred
thousand miles square. In such
a space IA earths arranged in
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

FROM one maximum to another is
ABOUT eleven years, varying, however,
shSntIy IN successive periods, but
averaging that cycle. From a condi-
ton OF absolute freedom from spots to
maximum the spots increase in num-
Der and frequently in size, and then
gradually decrease to the no spot stage.
"A peculiar feature of the sun spots
is that they appear in the equatorial
region OF the sun and between 10 de-
The San Francisco call., 1897-12-26

a square could easily be accommodated
Ihls Is, again, difficult magnitude to
comprehend, but may be illustrated,
so 1ar as relative proportion goes, by
supposlng an eruption on the earths
surface OF the entire area of the States
OF California and Nevada. This would
be to the earth what the disturbed
area shown on the photograph is to
the sun.
WILLIAM NJ. PERSON