The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1897-07-04


20 broad The word meant originally a
person horn In America, then II was re-
stricted TO Spaniards born here because
the natives did not count. Then TINS use
was extended until it took IN all pelson'
born OF foreign parents IN THIS counuy
and then IL was limited again 10 persons
OF Spanish and French parentage ooIh III
louisiana In the north the WORD Is SUI
posed TO imply al mixture OF negro pioou.
That % course is wholly wrong Ahosne'
strange use Of the word Is that by "nion
Il has been extended TO include al ueS-
cendants OF persons who were born mere
or French or Spanish parents; properly
speaking. only the first generation porn
in this country are Creoles.
Trade Dollars.
What were the so-called trade dolla's
that we coined some years ago
Tbev we're dollars devised in the hope
NJ crowdlng out the Mexican dollars thaI
passed current in China and Japan ana
OF obtaining for the United States some
~ the trade with those countries. Ahey
were coined under the Act OF February
y 1873 and were rather heavier than inc
silver dollars. At first the trade dollai
were legal tender in this country up "
FIVE dollars but by the resolution or July
. 1873 their legal tender quality was
abolished for all pieces struck after that
date. BY the Act OF March 3, 1851 the
coinage Of the trade dollar was dlscoh-
tinued and It's redemption ana coinage III
silver dollars was ordered SIX months
.i-,e was allowed for the redemption THIS
time expired on September s. Leo', ST. III.
then an trade dollars struck since July
p, 1876 have been worth only what they
would bring as bullion; pieces struck De-
| fore that date would pass as money.
Three Here.
I How did the United States get pos
session OF Oklahoma after II was set apart
| FOR the Indians? .. How do students in
| the Signal service school at Fort hlppie
| get their appointment? 3. What is Eng,
lands Policy for not paying her national
! debt' -,
1. An act was passed creating the terri
| tory out OF the unoccupied lands OF the
Indian territory. What Indians there
yyere on IL were removed 70 other re-
/ sorvatlons and their titles queted By
payment OF money. 3 The students are
/ enlisted men OF the signal service or are
| detailed men from the regiments OF lne
/ line. In either case, they enlist IN the
! army regularly. 3. The British do not
want to pay their national debt, they pre-
! fer 10 use the Governments evidences
/ 81 Indebtedness" in everyday business.
| These evidences" are government bonds
on which so much Of the business or the
| British empire IS based. II man who
| holds government bonds wants the money
he sells the bonds; some one else is glad
10 buy them. With US, with the deot IN
] creaslng as a rule, II IS hard FOR trustees
| OF estates 20 get legal and safe invest
ments. No such difficulty arises In Eng
| land. under rs system OF not paying lts
debt.
International Date Line.
What is the International Date Line?
:. What IS Ferros meridian?
l. The International Date Line IS the
line agreed on by the various nations
as that on which the day begins as the
sun crosses t. In theory the meridian
$50 degrees east Of Greenwich is the line,
but 10 avoid annoyance from that merid-
ian passing through civilized islands the
actual date line runs very irreguarly.
From the North Pole Il runs just west
/ OF Behring's Straits west Of 81. Lawrence
| Island. west OF Cores Island. southwest
erly between the Aleutian Islands and
| Asia thence southwesterly east OF Cape
Lopatka, and the kurill Islands, just
| east OF Japan. west OF Guadalupe east
| of Bonin southeast OF Formosa, through
| Bashee Channel, 70 east OF Hong Kong.
then south, Just west Of the Philippine
Islands 70 u6 degrees east longitude;
thence southwesterly. through the Sooloo
| Islands, thence east just north Of the
| equator 10 l65 degrees east. north o.
Schauk Island, southeast passing the Gil
bert Islands on the southwest past Samoa
10 les degrees east; thence south. east
OF the Friendly Islands and west Of the
Society Islands and little westerly 20
cross Chatham Islanls; thence 10 the
South Pole. :. The meridian OF Ferro,
or the Longitude OF Ferro was the lOngi.
tude used by ancient geographers as their
standard. Ferro (properly Hierro) IS the
most westerly OF the Canary Islands, and
so the most westerly land known 10 an
cent geographers Hipparchus took
Ferro as the base 1872 B. c. The Germans
still use the Meridian OF Ferro for their
base TO some extent.