davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
NATURAL HISTORY ITEMS.

Wasps are the most inveterate enc
emies of flies. Reaumer says that he
has known one wasp to kill 1000 fliec
a day.
Two sexton beetles will bury mole
in an hour, feat equivalent to two
men interring whale in the same
length of time.
When you pinch your finger you think
you feel pain the very same instant,
but really the hurt and the pain are
not quite Simultaneous, although they
seem to be so. II a person had an arm
long enough to reach the sun, it would
be 1872 years before he would feel the
pain of the burn.
The fruit-eating bats do not live on
insects. nor attack animals and suck
blood, as do the vampires. The YAM
pire is small bat, with exceedingly
sharp front teeth, making slit in the
sleeper's leg and sucking the blood.
They are seldom dangerous to human
beings. but are to cattle.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
A RuraI LYRIC.

Talk about your city life-what is It to the
rills
OF sunshine cleaning, dreaming on the
valleys and the hills?
What Is 1t to the river banks where honey
suckles swing
To the peachfelds where the mockingbirds
3 are primping up for spring?
Talk about your city life-what is 1t to the
light
That is tangled in the woodlands. where the
purple and the white
OF springtime's earliest blossoms seem
blowing into you,
With the rumbled NAPLES bending and
bowling "Howdy-do?"
oh the brightest light is beaming from a
wilder. sweeter sod,
Where the dew-wet violets dreaming send
messages to Cod
Atlanta Constitution.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
What Is Worn.

The transparent fabric which requires
a silk lining is the most to be desired
this summer The lining is made sepa-
alta from the skirt.
Duck in dark blue. white and fawn
is the proper thing for outing costumes.
Red or blue with white polka dots is
also worn.
For summer bridal costumes thin,
rather than heavy, materials are chosen.
Mousseline de sole, crepe lisse, chiffon
and tulle are draped over taffeta or
satin. A lovely bridal gown is made of
white tulle with plated ruffles reaching
TO the waist broad sash of satin rib
bon encircling the belt.-Chicago News.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
PREHISTORIC CANAL BEDS.
Long Buried Irrigation system in
Arizona Uncovered.

A western correspondent furnishes
something doubly curious about the
engineering resources of the ancient
past, and the contriving abilities and
resources in the west in the present in
dustrial era:
During my last visit to Arizona ]
saw in the Salt river valley sight that
would strike a stranger as queer. y
steam dredging scow, such as is used
in deepening rivers and harbors for nav
igation. was voyaging slowly and stead
lily through a wide strip of arid desert.
1t was started landward from Salt river,
and was eXcavating its own channel
ahead. the river waters following and
floating it as it advanced. But the work
done was not. in fact, the making of
new channel, but the digging out of an
old one, the irrigating canal made by a
civilized people that lived and flourishett
and departed before recorded American
history began. That there was time
when this wide valley. now being again
redeemed to man. was garden of plen-
ty, teeming with inhabitants, is shown
by the extensive and regular system of
broad canals leading from the river.
through which water for irrgating was
conveyed for centuries. With drifting
sand and earth. these canals still are
plainly indicated on the face of the
ground, and so skillfully were they
planned and built that modern engi-
neering science applied to irrigation
can do no better than retrace their
course and restore them. What race laid
out the canals and built the towns
whose ruins are strung along the val
ley is a question not yet settled by
archaeologists. AZtecs or Toltecs, or
each in their turn. probably tarrietl
here in their centuries and southwark
TO the valley Of Mexico. and the ruins
may be of an older people than either
of them. Mining and Scientific Press.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
SCHOOL AND CHURCH.

The Sultan of Johore has made
grant to Rev. j. A. B. Cook. one of the
Presbyterian Church of England's
missionaries al Singapore, of a plot OF
land. 300 acres in extent, for the pur.
pose of Christian Chinese settlement
The grant is for 999 years.
The library of the University OF
California has received a gift from
Coils p. Huntington of more than 4,O0c
documents in Spanish and English
covering the early history of Califor'
MIA. 1t is richer in the period just be-
fore the American occupation than any
other collection except the Bancroft Ii.
brary.
Sixteen years ago Texas had but
three graded schools. and now it has
$50; then it had but one public high
school. and now it has 46s; then it spent
for schools less than S1.000,O00 a year,
and now it spends more than S4,O00.0O0;
then it had no university, and now it
has one with 1852 students and A pro.
fessors.
Religion. when it revives in Cary
vile, Fla, accomplshes something ma.
terial as well as spiritual. OF a recent
revival there an observer wrote: 'Sev.
eral accessions are reported, and the
church and people feel greatly revived
The church purchased a new organ,
and the building will receive new coat
of paint this week"
One step towards religious tolera.
ton in Russia has been taken in a re.
cent ukase repeating the law that com
pels the issue of mixed marriages to be
brought up in the orthodox faith. Here.
after boys will follow the religion OF
their father, and girls that of theii
mother. The change is said to be due
to the influence of the czarina.
The Boston Museum of Fine Arts
has come into possession of the wed
ding gift of George III. of England tc
his bride. Queen Charlotte, presented
by him at their marriage in 1861. This
relic is a chatelaine watch. with belt
clasp, band and pendants, all of the
finest gold and thickly incrusted with
jewels. 1t has an interesting history
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
ABOUT MILK FEVER,
How to Prevent n Disease That Has
Killed Thousands of Cows.

Killed Thousands of Cows.
Milk fever is a disease to be dreaded
by the man who has frst-class dairy
eQys, and who feeds and cares for them
in such a mareIer as to make them large
producers. The man with scrub cows,
that have to rustic for themselves dur
ing the winter round the straw stack,
never suffers from loss by milk fever
when his cows come in in the spring.
II is true he gets no profit out of his
cows, and he rarely gets product enough
from them to pay for the little feed and
care they do have. But he can and does
console himself by saying he never has
milk fever with his cows like those
men do who stuff and pamper and
baby their cows"
We have lost, within the past Is years,
several valuable cows with this disease.
We think we now know how to prevent.
A heifer with her first calf never has 1t
and very rarely with the second half.
A COW that is MIXED continuously,
right up to calving. is not liable to have
milk fever, at least, we have never
known one to. We hesitated to write
that last sentence for fear some one
would accuse us of advocating continu-
Gus milking. That we do not, but still
feel bound to state that fact. A COW that
Is starved, or fed just enough to live on,
will never have milk fever.
Our way is to dry the COW up six or
eight weeks before she is due to calve
(unless she is such a persistent mixer
as to make that mpracticable); at the
same time reduce her feed, by taking
nearly If not quite all the grain from
her. Her bowels should be kept loose
If the COW is in flush pasture, and she is
one you have reason to believe likely
to have milk fever, the only safe way to
do would be to keep her upon dry feed
De know it is hard for the man who has
been in the habit of "babying" and pet
ting his cows and feeding them to their
full capacity to refuse them all they
want to eat, but it is the only safe way
to do with some of them. After cow
has had milk fever once she is more
liable than other cows TO have it again
and If she does have it second time
she will be always most sure to die
Hoard's Dairyman.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
OIL ON TRACKS.
Successfully Used for Laying Dust on
a Jersey Railroad.

successfully Used Tor Laying DUST on
Jersey Railroad.
Oil for laying dust on track ballasted
with gravel and cinders is being used
on the West Jersey and Seashore rail-
road. j. II. Nichols, assistant en-
gineer, says this plan has passed the
experimental stage, and that they are
only awaiting the completion of car
for distributing the oil mechanically
to cover all dusty places on the road.
At the present time there are about
four miles of track so treated. The
rails are kept clean by means of a
shield. The result obtained is a COM
plete freedom from dust at points
which were formerly the most dusty
on the division. The spraying will be
required but once a season after the
renewal of ties.
When it becomes necessary to dis
turb the track for repairs it will prob
ably be necessary to spray again, but
It is thought that after not more than
three applications the ballast will be
impregnated with oil to sufficient
depth to render subsequent treatment
unnecessary. The oil is of special
kind, having two properties fitting it
for this use. First, it is penetrating
and tenacious. and, second. it is not
combustible as used, but can only be
burned by converting it into spray
almost resembling gas in fineness. 1t
is almost without volatile ingredients
and has therefore but little odor, and
that not of an unpleasant character,
even when first applied, and this odor
decreases On exposure. The oil can be
distributed In place at total cost of
less than $50 per mile of single track.
Engineering News.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
Weeds Good TO Eat.

A botanist insists that many neglect
ed American weeds are good to eat.
The tender young shoots Of milkweed
are said to be as delicious as aspara-
gus, with similar valuable properties.
Pigweed is related to beets and spinach.
The nettle is well favored. though
somewhat coarse and stringy, which
argues that the donkey may be more of
an epicure than is supposed. 1t is sug-
gested that every weed has an honest
value IL it could only be discovered
st. Louis Globe-D Democrat.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
i1BEpA4lkK:
-6ktx~CY W~yssS isL.lAs:
=4>AeS -,-4&
GU ~ -S;SAS
~A-.T-sAlffT SSA3tS<A.s--c:Ssssss-~s
HANDY DAIRY WELL.

Description of an Excellent Cooler for
Small DRirymen.
A we'll for keeping dairy products and
also fresh meats is desideratum on
many farms. For ordinary use the well
should be dug by 6 feet, with gut
ter or groove, down one side, is inches
square. 1t should contain 2 or 3 feet
of standing water. 1t should be in
easy reach of the kitchen, and attached
TO the house if possible. The curbing
should be no larger than the well. A
platform, which fits inside the well,
aides up and down between two tim.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
FACTS AND FIGURES ABROAD.

Quebec, with population of 10000
has six daily newspapers. four of which
are in the French language.
A Chinese paper estimates that the
victims of the plague in Foochow this
year will not fall far short of 10000.
The imperial library at Vienna and
the emperor's family library have been
consolidated, partly to save expense.
partly for greater convenience of re-
search.
Last January the city of Lausanne,
Switzerland. took charge of the local
gas works. It was expected that there
would be profit of $4,000 francs the
first five months. but the sum was as
large as 100000 francs. The private
consumers at the same time got better
and cheaper gas.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
DOlNGS IN NEW ENGLAND.

Bicycles checked free at the opera
house is the odd news that comes from
Burlington, VT.
Photograph parties afford new
form of entertainment popular IN the
Maine communities of The ST. Croix
Valley.
Apples are so abundant in Maine this
reason that fine red astrachans are be-
ing given to cattle in the neighborhood
of Lewiston.
Rotten eggs were showcred upon a
maid of Biddeford. Me-, by angry towns
people because she cast aside a rep.
utable young man and bestowed her
self upon jailbird.
Maine may have to provide this years
crop of "sardines," as the French sar-
Zine boz soldiers have gone on strike
Just as the fishing season opens. They
object to the employment of women
nd Of laSor-savinr machinery.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10

Recent experiments by the curious at
Portland, Ore. have revived recollec-
tons of primitive light used in the
early days of tie settlements along the
Columbia river, when the residents
called smelts candlefish. The dried
smelts burn as well as candles and give
off an appetizing odor.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10

the bin or bins. Put a slide at the bot
tom. To be able to measure out vari-
Gus quantities have slides arranged at
different distances above the bottom,
the space between each one and the
bottom slide holding quarts, a peck,
half bushel, bushel, etc, as desired. One
slide will answer for all the openings
above the lower one. A bit of leather
over the slots inside will keep the grain
from coming out of the open slots. This
device will be found very great con-
venience and labor saver.-Orange Judd
Farmer.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10

Parboil one pint of small white beans
Drain off water; add fresh water and
boil until very tender. Put through
colander, season with pepper and salt,
add butter the size of walnut, return
to fire. Add teacupful of sweet milk
and dozen or more broken crackers.
Let come to boil and serve hot.-Phila-
delphia Press
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
The Mystery EIucidated,

Bobbie-Say. pop, how does fender
keep a cable car from killing you?
.Papa-The fender kills you before
the car has chance to get at you, my
SOM Y. Journal.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
German Nation Grows,

The annual increase of the German
nation during the last five years has
been more than five times as much as
that Of the French--Ch Chicago Chronicle.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10

A princess, a countess, duchess and
the daughter Of a reigning prince were
among the 1000 thieves, professional
and unprofessional, arrested in Paris
during the first six months Of this year.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
LABOR-SAVING DEVICE.
How to Build Combined Grain Chute
and Measurer.

Where the grain is stored above the
cattle or horse stable it can be brought
down to the first floor by chute run
ming directly down from the bottom of
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
Timely Warning.

Don't you believe all you see in the
funny papers about summer girls and
their engagements just for fun" said
the sad-eyed man.
"Why not?"
81 thought I had met that kind Of
girl last summer: but she married me
good and tight before the year was
ut."-Philadelphia North American.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10
Laid. no LGggs In Half nn Honr


oUme Iaules OF west Palm Beach wit
messed anovelscene recently. They were
on the beach enjoying the breeze, sit
ting up just in the fringe of the scrub,
when out came n large loggerhead
turtle. 1t dug a hole and then pro-
ceeded to fill it with eggs. Finishing,
the hole was filed over with sand and
made to look exactly like that around
it. A young man of theparty turned"
her and secured the eggs, over 40. The
whole operation took about half an
hour.-Florida Times-Union.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-10

The subscriber respectfully informs MS
friends and the public generally that he
has purchased the Livery Stables oftse
late Robert g. Lamar, and has removed
to his new and CoMMODIoUs STABLES,
on the First Alley, between East Second
and East Third Sts., Frederick city, Md,
where all orders, by day or night, will
receive prompt and polite attention, and
on the most reasonable terms. His
stock of HORSES and CARRIAGES is
the largest in the city. The horses are
all safe, sound and good travellers, while
the vehicles are of every variety, and Of
the finest and latest styles and the most
substantial character. Bridal parties
served with the most stylish and fash
ionable turnouts, and special attention
will be given to funeral corteges. CAR
RIAGES FOR PARTIES and Buses
for picnics at very reasonable rates. The
drivers are all competent, reliable and
obliging, and no pains nor efforts will
be spared to please all who may favor
me with their patronage.
The Advocate and news., 1897-11-24
Drying Vegetables in California.
wing vegetables In california.

drying vegetables In california.
A San Francisco paper, referring to
new and improved processes for drying
vegetables In that State, says:
Vegetables, like potatoes and carrots,
are poured into the hopper Of the cutting
machine, where rotating knife blades
cut them into slices quarter of an inch
thick. After being sliced the tubers are
slightly sulphured in a wooden chamber.
Here great discrimination must be used.
If they are sulphured too much the po-
tatoes will taste of the fumes; IL too
little they will not contain enough anti
septic property, and bacteria attracted
by the starch will develop. A little sui
phuring Is absolutely necessary to pre-
serve the color OF the vegetables to some
extent, and to prevent decay. The next
transition of the fruit is to the evapo-
rator, sort of small Ferris wheel, con-
sisting OF brick oven with glass win
dows. This Is revolved close to hot pipes
for few hours. When this stage Is
passed the potatoes resemble dry chips,
and 1t takes six or seven pounds of the
fresh to make one pound Of the dried.
Onions are so pungent that bacteria do
not take kindly to them. They are,
therefore, only slightly sulphured before
drying. The drying process shrivels
them so much that 1t takes twenty parts
Of fresh onions to make one Of the dried.
The sight of the tears Of the employees
whose eyes are smarting from the fumes
of the onions under preparation is al
most pathetic. Carrots dry in the ratio
of one part of dried to nine parts of
fresh vegetable The industry has proved
very profitable, as the dried fruit is in
demand all over the country, and espe-
cially in the mining districts. 1t is not
unlikely that further improvements may
soon be made in the drying process. It
has been suggested that steam be en-
ployed. In such cases, the starch in the
potatoes would be partly cooked and
sterilized, and after this the tubers
could be evaporated as before. In this
way the potato could be rid Of sulphur,
well dried, and yet be capable of being
quickly soaked, and there would be no
chance for bacteria TO develop"
The Advocate and news., 1897-11-24
gbeeu and Chickens.

Sheep are especially sensitive to the
kind Of soil from which they are to
feed. Some are better adapted to up
lands or hills, and others to lower
grounds and richer pastures Some are
better adapted to produce good mutton,
others to produce finer and larger heeces
Of higher priced wool. The farmers
land and his markets for mutton and
wool and the special attention he can
give his flock, should determine for him
the kind of sheep he should select for the
beginning of a new flock. Almost any
kind that can live on his farm and under
his care, may pay expenses; but only the
best breeds and those best adapted to his
circumstances will afford the most profit,
and these are the kinds he should pur-
chase for starter.
Sheep and chickens when once estao-
lished on farm, hold their place for
long time. The more necessity, there
fore, for making good selections In the
beginning. Each man should determine
beforehand what he intends to try to
do. and then make his choice Of breed
in accordance with his plans, and work
toward the end in view. Sheep and
chickens may seem side stock raising to
farmers who raise corn and wheat by
the hundreds of acres, but they often
prove that the profits from these side
stock raisings add much to the pin
money of the farmers wife, and to the
ready cash of the farmer himself and
that the time and expense used In fur
nishlng small herd of good sheep or a
flock of good chickens for his wife and
family to care for, pay better than any
other investments, In time or money, he
has ever made on his farm. If the larg-
est profit is to result, the best breeds
must be selected and the best care must
be used to accomplish what you have un-
dertaken.
Select your sheep with care and judg-
ment, and they will soon pay expenses. -
Journal of Agriculture.
The Advocate and news., 1897-11-24

are advanced TO account for this, but the
one OF greatest interest to the Farmers
of the corn States Is the fact that thou
sands of range-raised cattle which in
previous years would have gone direct to
the dressed beef trade have been side
tracked somewhere between the great
grazing grounds and the Chicago yards,
and instead of going to the block this
fall have been secured by eager buyers
for feeding purposes. Never In the his
tory of the cattle trade has the transfer
of stock from Western grass to the corn
cribs of the central valleys assumed
such startling proportions.
The Advocate and news., 1897-11-24
The Union Pacific

Passes through the best cities and towns
of Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming and
Utah, and is the best route to Denver.
Cheyenne, Salt Lake City, San Fran
cisco, Portland and all Puget Sound
points.
The advantages gained by travelling
via the Union Pacific are quick time, un-
eQualed service, magnificent equipment,
double drawing-rOom Pullman palace
sleepers, Pullman dining cars, free re-
clining chair cars, Pullman tourist sleep
ers.
For time tables, pamphlets descriptive
OF the country traversed, rates Of fare,
sleeping car accommodations, or any
other information, apply to +. A. Lewis
City Ticket Agent.
]. G. Fulton, Depot Agent.
The Advocate and news., 1897-11-24
"AmOng the Ozarks."

"The Land of Big Red Apples" is an
attractive and interesting book, hand
somely illustrated with views Of south
Missouri scenery, including the famous
Olden fruit farm of 5000 acres in Howell
county. It pertains to fruit raising in
that great fruit belt Of America, the
southern slope Of the Ozarks, and will
prove Of great value, not only to fruit
growers, but TO every farmer and home
seeker looking for farm and home,
Mailed free. Address J. e. Lockwood,
Kansas City, Mo.