Omaha daily bee., 1897-06-20
Kelley, Stiger & Co., :'s s'5'i5 5t5 5''sa" s;;'.

perfect. 1t is a difficult problem and one Of
the hardest TO be overcome. An old photog
rapher will take the time almost intuitively,
but the most expert will fall down com
pletely on occasion. There is not space III
an article OF limited length 10 more than ap-
prCxima+e q rule. II may simply be said,
you must have your time right, and care
and caution viii make ii light. Exposure
tables and exposure Instruments can be had
from any stock dealer. and if properly
studied. the correct time can be known for
any portion Of day or year, OF any kind of
weather or foliage Either exposure meters
or exposure tables can readily be had. can
easily be studied, and should be used by
every one who wants TO make good picture.
For my own use ! use Watkins exposure
meter, or the little book OF exposure tables
published by the Photo-Beacon of Chicago.
The latter costs bun 25 cents and will do
the work faithfully; but it must be studied
and great care taken each time. An exposure
made al midday in August sunshine, with
open foreground on quick plate and with
full opening, or s, requires for correct time
one ninety-siXth o. second. At midday in
December, other elements being the same,
the exposure should be inst half long.
On either date il should be twice as much
two hours before sundown or after sunrise
as at midday. A dull day al any hour re-
Quires three or four times the exposure re-
quired by sunlight. Portraits out-of-doors.
dark, yellow or reddish objects, or heavy
foliage in the immediate foreground, require
twice the time Of open landscape. Again.
plates are so constructed that one may re-
Quire twenty times tbs exposure OF another,
making a knowledge OF the rRpidity of
plate absolutely necessary. TIE time is also
mRthemstcally affected by tie size Of the
stop used. When ii is know that many
elements enter into the time of exposure,
that the time of exposure must be right, and
that twenty-five cents and a little study will
enable you 10 get the time right and make
q good picture, the amateur must readily un-
derstand the importance Of the question. No
person has any right to use camera or to
expect any success with one whatever. unless
he has thoroughly studied the question OF
correct time.
TIMING AN EXPOs-RE.
II Is difficult to measure a quick exposure.
One mus kI.-- as nearly as one can the
rapiiity of his shutter II is an easy test to
photograph pendulum in motion and make
the calculation. Good information can be
made by questioning the maker O. the shut
ter. Their are shutters now which by ad-
justment will give the correct time and these
are by all means Advisa BILE In q time expos
ure counting, hickory, dickury. one; hck-
Ory diCkery, two and so On will N AXE good
seconds, and by practice quite perfect ones.
This method gives thirds Of q seer nd very
easily, and by d little care siNths nd even
twelfths. By knowing ones shutter or using
one where the time is made for you, 1t is
feasible TO make the correct exposure after
you have determined what Il should be ]
once spent some time In the field with an
expert photographer in Dublin, who would
nearly every time sit down and study and
figure, bsiore he would make an exposure
Taking on the cap and putting il on one can
be so varied as 10 measure GLOW time. j
should be practiced by the watch until the
operator can know just how long il does take
under movements OF different rapidty. So
also, one should practice with a shutter and
form judgment Of the time. II Is quite as
necessary to know how 10 secure the time
as II is how much the time should be II
must be rene n. bered that one must know how
much time 10 give and then give il, in order
TO obtain good picture, and there is no
excuse for not doing IT, for the means are
easily 81 hand
There are very many other things which
enter into the making Of a good photograph.
Some people naturally select a scene which is
picture and 10 others il is more difficult
II you have determined 20 make photograph
OF any particular thing or place the camera
should be moved about and the situation
studied until one Is satisfied that the best
position has been obtained. ! once heard one
OF our most expert amateurs say that II was
not necessary 10 90 away from home TO make
good picture, that C.teu by moving q
camera less than six feet the good picture
could be obtained rather than the poor one.
II If the shadows which make pictures, The
light should be kept In front of the camera
as much as possible without admitting sun
llght 10 the lens. In sunlight an umbrella
is always Of great use 10 cover the camera
and lens so that exposure can be toward
me light II one wants a bright speaking
picture he viii get il by keeping the hght
ahead. Light from behind produces q nat
picture, for the objects hide their own shad-
oWs. good foreground should always be
sought for, and must be had in pictures
where water is the principal characteristic.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLATE
This requires the very greatest care. Good
developers can be bought ~ the boiuei but Il