davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1897-03-10
MAIL BOX CONTRACTS.
Reply of the Post Once Depa rtment 4
the Wynn Case.

Reply OF the Post ONCE Depa rtme MT I'm
the Wynn Case.
The defendants in the case of Solomon
c. Wynn Of Toledo. Ohio. against Postmas-
ter General Wilson and others has moved
the court to strike out certain parts of the
bill of complaint. Mr.. Wynn seeks to en-
join the Postmaster General from contract
ing with Mayberry & Ellis of Detroit.
Mich. for furnishing letter boxes and other
paraphernalia for use in the free delivery
system. The charge made is that there
was collusion between the committee that
awarded the contract. Mr.. Machen, the
superintendent Of the free delivery service,
ard some of the bidders. Among the afi-
davits is one by ex-Postmastcr General
Wilson. He says the committee of award
&C insisted Of A. B. Hurt. assistant superin-
tendent of free delivery; Thos. b. Marche,
chief clerk division of free delivery, and
Bernard Goode. superintendent OF the dead
letter Office. None of them was dependent
on Superintendent Machen for appointment
or retention. The reason Superintendent
Machen was not put on the committee,
as has always been the custom, was that
he had explained to the Postmaster Gen.
eral that among the bidders was the COM
plainant, with whom he had reason to be-
lieve a cousin. A. ]. J. Machen. was inter-
ested. and that the success Of Wynn's bid
might give rise to suspicion of unfairness
in the competition. 1t is claimed the Wynn
box was wholly inferior. the letter slot ap-
paratus taking up great deal of space
and diminishing the capacity of the box
by fully one-third. Mr.. Wilson denies as
wholly false the charge that Superintendent
Machen is interested with Mayberry &
Ellis in the profits of the successful box
Superintendent Machen's affidavit also ap-
pears. and 1t declares that he told his cou-
sin, as soon az he found he was interested
In a competing box. that he was putting
him in an embarrassing position, and re-
fused to let Wynn talk to him. Mr.. Machen
swears he has no interest In the Mayberry
G Ellis box. or the house-to-house collec-
tton box, and denies all charges of collu-
sion or Of influencing the committee of
award In any manner. Afidavits are sub
mitted from the members OF the committee
supporting the general reply by the Post
maatAr GQnaral.
Evening star., 1897-03-10


on n
who'll ui~ the oneto go? ct
each half olar rspentan in
Evening star., 1897-03-10
''Hf they're Rich's
shoes they're proper"
Ten.=two F Street.

The new spring styles come IN
on us faster than we can tell OF
them. Would you care to read
short description OF what we
} consider the ultra-fashionable
effects7
Here's the "Ludgate." How
very pretty-how dainty-a tan
5 vici kid boot-lace or button,
} with college toe and English
: heel.
: And the "Dupont"-high and
{ Oxford-made of black vici
; leather-in exceedingly hand
some and fashionable shapes.
s There's the Marlborough
! a tan patent leather-so very
stylisll-a real novelty for the
; ultra-fashionable. English mill
{ tary l.eel-in lace ,nly.
What a beautiful boot is the
"Vienna"-what a pretty color
5 "a rich wine, with black eye
I lets, English heel, and college"
; toe.
\ The Majestic" is perhaps the
: most stylish boot in the house
: patent leather, with kid top, and
{ a very stylish shape.
; The "Princess of Wales" is an
I all patent leather boot, made
s with all English toe and mill
! tary heel.
; Tic Columbia" bicycle boot
; at $3.48, in tan and black vici kid,
{ is really the best value that it
; has ever been our privilege to
{ offer.
( A new ladies' Russia tan golf
\ boot has just arrived, and it
5 should be seen by all devotees of
the sport.
7 Dozens of other new things
are in which visit will show
( you.
: Your shoes polished gratis
\ No charge for small repairs.
Deliveries anywhere-any time.
} Mall ord, given prompt attention.
( Your money back when you want it.
! b. RiCh's Sons,
''Shoers to the elite,'
s Tem=tWO F Street.
{ 1t
Evening star., 1897-03-10
La nds for the Wichitas.

The work of making allotments on the
Wichita reservation I'm Kansas will begin at
once. Agents Coleman and Mills Will be
en- route by Monday morning. The work
will occupy about nine or ten months.
Evening star., 1897-03-10

Agent Randet: of the rintah and Ouray
Indian agency telegraphed today that iif-
teen men, who had made locations on the
tncompaghre reserve. refused to leave
and there would be trouble unless troops
were sent to eject them. This is In lin.
with a dispatch of last week on the
strength of which the Secretary Of the In
terror asked for troops
Evening star., 1897-03-10
Ladies' DaY.

Tomorrows shoppers will find remarkable selling
being done in Ladies Suit and Wrap Department Some
lots OF Suits and Jackets and Waists have just
only to go out again those of YOU who the bargain
and hurry share in It.
You may be sure are going to ourselves with
credit this special The values offered fully up
high that ourselves have raised There is
only handful OF the garments that be distributed these
prices.
Evening star., 1897-03-10

That un pleasant Catafrfl. with all its tn-
moving and dsagreeable symptoms. br speedily
rei, we'd and cured wi'h Dr. Jayne's E,prctorant.
Evening star., 1897-03-10
squatters On Uncompnxhrc Reserve.

Want ads. in The Star pay because
they bring answers.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
For your Protection.-Catarrh "Curssp or

For your PrOtecti0n.-Catarrh "Curss" or
Tonics for Catarrh in liquid form to be taken
internally, usually contain either Mercury or
Iodide Of Potassa, or both, which are injur-
ious if too long taken. Cstarrh is a local, not
a blood disease, caused by sudden change to
cold or damp weather. 1t starts in the nasal
passages, affecting eyes, ears and throat.
Colo in the head causes excessive flow of
mucus, and, if repeatedly neglected, the re-
suits of catarrh will follow; severe pain in
The head, a roaring sound in the ears, bad
breath, and oftentimes an offensive dis
charge. The remedy should be quick o allay
Inflammation andheal the membrane. Ely's
Cream Balm is the acknowledged cure for
these troubles and contains no mercury
nor any injurious drug. Price. so cents.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
Exposnrs to cold and damnne.a win ~.

Exposure to cold and dampness will ex-
cite the Tactic acid 10 the blood. hence
rheumatic aches and pains result, together
with much weakness and distress. To cure
this trouble and relieve the sufferer from
all liability of a return of the disease, the
poisons in the blood must be dissolved and
eradicated. LALLEMAND's SPECIFIC for
RHEUMATISM is an absolutely reliable and
permanent cure. The dose Ia only twenty
drops, yet its penetrating power Is so great
that 1t reaches to the remotest part of the
body, warming the blood and bones, re-
lieving pain, strengthening the joints, and
what is more important, completely des-
troying the rheumatic acid, so that the
body Is fortified against future attacks.
Price, S1.00 per vial. Sold by Murphsy-
Van Petten.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
None sut Ayer.s at II. worId,. Pair.

Ayers Sarsaparilla enjoys the ex.
traordinary distinction Of having been
the only blood purifier allowed an ex.
hiblt at the Worlds fair, Chicago
Manufacturers of other Sarsaparillas
sought by every mean to obtain a
showing Of their goods, but they we're
all turned away under the application
OF the rule forbidding the entry OF
patent medicines and nostrums. The
decision OF the Worlds fair authorities
in favor of Ayers Sarsaparilla was in
effect as follows: "Ayer's Sarsaparilln
is rot a patent medicine. 1t does not
belong to the list Of nostrums. IL is
here on It's merits.n
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
Piles. Piles P1ies.

A sure cure for Blind, Bleed
,ng and Itching Piles. DR.. Kirk 8
iierman Pile Ointment has cured Il e
worst cases OF ten years. standing by
hree or four applications. No ore
need suffer ten minutes after usirg
Dr.. Kinks German Pile Ointment
Dur agent, Mr.. Goodall, will warrant
very boz. Price $1.00. Sold at
drr0 store Las Vegas
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

Miss Belle Fox, who has spent sew
eral months IN Springer, will soon
leave for her home in Milwaukee, Wis
Miss Fox is an accomplished stenogra-
pher, as well as n typo, having been
employed for several years on the
EUening Wisconsin of that city.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

The entertainment to be given by
Harmony lodge No. 8. up at Ra'on,
the latter part of this month, their an
niversary celebration on February 18th
and the grand ball to be given by the
Rathbone Sisters on Friday, 22nd, will
make things lively in Pythian circles
for the next few weeks.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

A genuine ghost story has yet to be
attested; but not so a genuine blood
purifier. Over and over again it has
been proved that Ayers Sa%rssparilla
stands alone smong medicines as the
most reliable tonic-alterative in phar-
macy. 1t stood alone at the Worlds
Fair.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
subscribing for Ms,ropoIItsn pspe,.

THE coming year will be crowded with
big news events and happenings, the de.
tails OF which everyone interested In ma
tionel and foreign effairs will want to
read. The best western newspaper pub
lished is the Semi Weekly Republic Of st.
Louis. IL is only 81 a year, and for that
amount it will send two papers a week to
any address for one year
The Republic daily is Sc q year, 50 for
six months or 81. so for three months. stiff
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

The Yellow Dog syndicate have aban
doned operations 10 the Hopewell min
ing district for the present. They will
seek the "glittering" 10 the dangerous,
Yaqui cursed mountains of southern
Arizona. Their operations will CON-
mence In the early spring time.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

Messrs. Frank Jones and Mike
Downes have purchased the grocery
and produce business and meat market
of Geo. d. Jones, down at Silver City.
An aching back, a dlsordered digestion,
changes in the urine, headaches, nervous
weakness, all point to Bright's Disease.
Take steps to cure the trouble before the
dis ase develops its dangerous stage.
PRIcKLY ASH BITTERs is a certain remedy.
1t heals and strengthens the kidneys, reg
ulates the liver, stimulates the stomach
and digestion, cleanses the bowels.
1t has been used in many severe aud OBJ
stinate cases with the most gratifying sue
cess. Sold by Murphey-Van Petten Drug
Co.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
Why Have You

Been stricken with disease while your neigh.
Dor escaped, or vice-versa? Both were alike
exposed, but in one case the the disease germs
fourd Judgement in the impure blood and weak
cned system, while in the other, the blood was
Kept pure by Hoods Sarsaparilla, and the
body was In a condition of good health.
Hoods Pills are purely vegetable and do
not purge. pain or grippe. Sold by all druggists
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

The Springer hose company held its
annual meeting and elected the follow
ing officers for the ensuing year: j
A. Kremis, president; J. w. Eshenour,
vice-president j. F. Hutch s,n, secrc-
iary A. Morton, treasurer, and E. j.
Harmon, foreman.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

The society of the New Mexico pio-
neers organized after incorporation by
electing the following officers: Cover
nor, j. Francisco Chaves; captain
general. Roman A. Raca; alcalde-
mayor, Page B. Otero; secretary, l. B.
Prince; treasurer, Jose d. Sena; coun-
cilor, Amado Chaves.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

At a meeting of the officials OF
Trinity Episcopal church at Trinidad,
Colo it was decided 10 call a rector to
heir parish. Rev. S. H. S. Gallaudet,
of Las Cruces, N. NJ, was the enc
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

At the precinct election held at Mog-
ollon, Grant county,, Ellis Miller was
elected justice of the peace, and Daniel
Higgins received two votes more than
George Richards for constable.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
81 Warren st., New York CT

Rev. John Reid, Jr., of Great Falls, Mont,
recommended Ely's Cream Balm to me. I
can emphasize his statement, sit is a posi-
tive cure for catarrh if used as Directed
rev. Francis w. Poole, Pastor Central Pres.
Church, Helena, Mont.
Ely's Cream Balm is the acknowledged
Gre for catarrh and contains no mercury
r.r any injurious drug. Price, 80 cents.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

] he postofice at Silver City bas
been moved from the Broadway block
to the Thinner house building and is
now open for business in the spacious
sample room in that building.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

PRIcKLY ASH BITTERs cures the kidneys,
regulates the liver and purifies the bowels.
A valuable system tonic. Sold by MUIR
phey-Van Petten Drug Co.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

Sewing machines and bicycles for SALE
old machines repaired and made as good
as new. Call and see us. Next door to J
A. Dicks grocery store.
Bridge Street, LAS VEGAS, N. M.
2Q9 tt W. A. OWENS & Co.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

The mother of Samuel Steel was
buried at Buskmills. Ireland, the same
day and hour that Mrs. Eliza Steel was
buried in Las Cruces.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

II you want to buy or sell anything in
the second hand goods line call on 8.
Kaufman, third door east of tie old town
p~ostofice 26D.tf
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

II you want TO buy or sell cattle wobl or
sheep, don't fail TO see or write j. Minipm,
wool and live stock broker, East Las We
gas, New Mexico. Hes will save you
money. w222Sdtf
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
CONSTIPATION

SHOULD not be regarded as
. irining ailment-in fact, nature
demands the utmost regularity Of
the bowels, and any deviation
from this demand paves the way
often to serious danger. 1t Is
quite as necessary to remove
impure accumulations from the
bowels as it is to eat or sleep, and
no health can be expected where
a costive habit OF body prevails
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

Annual convention, National American
Suffrage association at Des Moines, Iowa.
Jan. 25th, Feb. LIST '97. Fare and one-third
on certificate plan. G. F. JoNEs,Agent.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
PURELY VEGETABLE.

The Cheapest, Purest
and Best Family Medi-
cine in the world!
AN EFFKcTUAL SPECIFIC
for all diseases Of the
Liver, Stomach
and Spleen.
Regulate the Liver
and prevent CHILLs
ANp FEVER, MALARI-
GUS FKvKRs. Bowel
COMPLAINTS, RESTLESS
MSS, J~AUsDIcR AND
NAUSEA.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
SICK HEADACHE,

This distressing affection occurs most frequently.
The disturbance Of the stomach, arising from the
imperfectly digested contents, causes a severe pain in
me head. accompanied with disags essable nausea. and
this constitutes what is popularity known as Sick
Headache. for the relief Of which TAKE SIMMONS
LIVER REGULATOR on MEDICINE.
MANUFACTURER ONLY ny
J,H, zEuLIN 3 CO., Philadelphia. Pa.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
This Is Your Opportunity.

On receipt of ten cents, cash or stamps,
a generous sample will be mailed of the
most popular Catarrh and Hay Fever Cure
(Ely's Cream Balm sufficient to demon
strate the great merits of the remedy.
ELY BROTHERS,
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
COURT OF PRIVATE LAND OLAIMs,

Joseph r. Reed. OF Iowa, Chief Justice.
ASSOCIATE JUsTTCEs-Wflbur r. Stone, OF
colorado; Thomas O.. Fuller, Of North
Carolina; william M. Murray, of Tennes-
see; Henry O. sluss, of Kansas.
Matthew g. Reynolds, OF Missouri, u. 9.
Attorney.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

that woman Is really a woman. That she
Is strong and perfect In a sexual way, as
we'll as In every other. That she is capable
of performing perfectly the duties of ma.
ternity. Some are born with what is called
constitutional weakness" Those who do
not enjoy perfect health, need only take
the proper precautions and the proper rem
edy to become perfectly well and strong.
DR.. Pierce's Favorite Prescription will cure
any arrangement of the distinctly femi.
nine organism. Sold by druggists.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
CATrLx sANrrARY BoARD.

Web JACK ............ Chairman, Silver City
MN. Chaffin. /. first district, East Las Vegas
FL. Otero .....Fscond district, Albuquerque
R.G Heac.......... third district, y atroui
J.F. Hinkle 80. NTH district. Lower Penasco
A.LaRCe. ....... secretary Las Vegas
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
TO cuRHA colD m ONE nav

to SOKEA COLD IN N DAY
Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets
All druggists refund the money IL it fall
to cure. 25c. II.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

pain In my left side.
Medicine and physi-
a gave me no re-
lief. l procured DR..
Miles Restorative
Nervine, New Heart
Cure and Nerve and
Liver Pills, and I am
,.ua -z.1z
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
PIIESi

How many suffer torture day after day, making life
a burden and robbing existence Of all pleasure, owing
to the secret suffering from Piles. Yet relief Is ready
to the hand of almost any one who will use systematic
cally tn, remedy that has permanently cured thou.
sands. SIMMONS LIVER REGULATOR is no drastic,
violent purge, but a gentle assistant to nature.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

Why Is one woman
attractive and an
other not1 The
most admirable and
attractive thing
about an attractive
woman Is her wo-
iranliness. Every
body d m a
~womanly' W o IN
S nj have
health, of course,
because without II
she would lose the
of her
the ~fullness of
her cheeks and her
v~ivacity. Real
health must mean
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21
BAD BREATHE

BAD BREATHi
Nothing Is so unpleasant, nothing so common, as
bad breath and in nearly every case it comes from
the stomach, and can be so easily corrected il you will
take SIMMONS LIvRR REGULATOR. Do not neglect 50
sure a remedy for this repulsivc disorder. 1t will also
improve your appetite, complexion and general health.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

E.,, are the best aiter-dinner
t7OOQ 8 PlllS pills, aid digestion. $50
Special sales for thu ensuing month.
Millinery below cost. MRS. S. A. CARR.
30 tt
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1897-01-21

Skates shnrpened, and skates for sale
at the old town hardware store. D.. Win
t~ernitz, Bridge street. II
The herald., 1897-12-12
LONG BEACH

LONG BEACH, Dec. 11-(Regular
Correspondence Dr. Pinney of Oak
land lectured on "Klondike," at Chau-
tauqua hall, on Friday evening. This
was the first Of series of lectures to be
given under the auspices of the Ebell
club. The doctor, who left the gold re-
gions last fall, is walking encyclope-
dia of information of the country.
The ladies' social circle Of the Meth
odist church held their monthly social
reunion on Thursday evening. The fo,-
lowing program occupied the time in
the early part of the evening. Volun-
tary, Miss Townsend; congregational
singing, No. 110; vocal solo, Floyd G..
Foote; reading, "Curfew Shall Not Rna
Tonight" Miss Carpenter; song, Elsie
and Bernard Knight; reading, Mrs. Il
Vance Hill, song, Mrs. VIII SchillinG
scripture quotations; recitation, Elsie
Knight; song, Ladies' quartet; remarks
Rev. A. Inwood.
The members of the public library
board met at the library on Monday and
appointed committees to make arrange
ments for a public reception on New
Years day.
DR.. A. G. Cook and wife, who for a
year past have been living in Olympia
Wash, returned to their old home here
at the beach the early part of the week.
Miss George Patterson of Los Angeles
and Miss Elsie Stipt of Carrolton, Mo-,
were guests of Mr.. and Mrs. Shirley of
Pacific avenue on Friday.
A social dance at Alamitos library
building Friday night was we'll attended
Meine's orchestra furnished the music.
The herald., 1897-12-12
A CASE IN COURT
The Trial of the Keeper Of Notorius
Main Street House

c. Vandeventer, proprietor of the
Belleville lodging house at No. S151s
South Main street, was on trial all day
yesterday before Justice Morrison and
jury of twelve charged with running
his house for the purposes Of prostitu-
ton and assgnation. About three
weeks ago Officers Charles Lehnhausen
and James McGraw acting under in
structions from Chief of Police Glass,
called at the Bellevile and requested
Vandeventer to give the names of his
dodgers, stating that once every year the
police We're instructed to secure the
names of inmates in every questionable
house. Vandeventer became abusive,
and ordered the officers to leave his
house at once. They did so, but he ac-
companied them to the police station,
where he was booked for disturbing the
peace. A few days later Vandeventer
was tried in the police court, but, much
to the surprise of the prosecution, AS
sistant District Attorney Williams, who
was in charge of the case, had the COM
plaint dismissed, stating that every
mans house was his castle. Later in
the week Vandevehter was again ar
rested by Officers Lehnhausen and Nc
Graw upon the charge of keeping a
house of prostitution and assignation.
When court convened yesterday
morning Justice Morrisons department
was crowded with spectators, the ma
jority of whom We're dissolute charac-
ters of both sexes, friends of inmates
and former inmates, who We're there to
testify, some for the prosecution and
others for the defendant. Holcomb and
Allender represented Vandeventer, and
Assistant District Attorney Joe Cham
bers appeared for the people. After the
jury had been selected, Officer Lehn-
hausen took the witness stand, and re-
lated the circumstances of his visit in
company with officer McGraw to Sc
cure the names of the inmates. The lat
ter officer was the next witness, corrobo-
rating the evidence given by Lehnhau-
sen. Both officers stated that they had
seen women and men so in and out of
the Believille at all hours of the day and
night; that their conduct was at times
disgraceful; that they had, on many oc-
casions, warned female inmates of'the
house to cease soliciting men on the
street.
Kittie Turner, who is also known as
kittie Foster, took the tsand next. She
stated that she was a sporting woman.
and until recently occupied a room at
the Belleville, but at present was at the
Owens lodging house, opposite the post
office, where she was conducting her
self in the same manner. She said that
when the room was rented of Vande-
venter she told him of her reputation,
and that she must be allowed the privi-
lege Of receiving men into her rooms
whenever desired. The proprietor then
remarked: THAT Is all right; never
see anything" She also gave the names
Of others who were then and are at pres