St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1897-02-12
Farmers Meeting.

{. ]. Bell Of Walden gave prohtao'e
address on the Maple Sugar Industry
Being large producer himself, he spoke
from long experience on his own farm
He said the sugar crop OF Vermont was
one of the largest sent to market by any
state in the Union. Not only that but II
stood at the head in quality, as stated
bv experts from Washington and other
cities.
Mr.. Bell gave directions for making
maple sugar as follows:
First. Have buckets, pals pans and
all sugar utensils clean and bright
so that the sap will not be coored
Second Have a shed filed with good
dry wood, both hard and soft.
Third. Have all the buckets provided
with tight, wooden covers to keep out
all rain and snow.
Fourth. Use the patent sap spout,
which will hold the bucket and carry
the sap below the cover,
Fifth. Tap the trees with theimproved
bit, which has a rim for cutting away
the bark and not allowing the hole TO be
made too deep.
He claimed the first two or three runs
OF sap to be OF better quality than those
later; hat the sap ought to boil RAPIDLY
lroE the start till it is ready Tor the pals
or cans.
Mr.. Bell says the hest sugar smade by
those who use the improved evaporator
set upon an non arch to regulate the
draught
He advised iarmers who mace sugar to
join the Sugar Makers assodltion,'
which would cost them 81 each year and
would give them much better prices Tor
their crop.
V. l. Spear, general secretary of the
board, interested all classes in an address
on the Relation of the STATE to 'Iubet-
culosis." Whatever our view may be OF
this disease being actual OF mag nary,
its investigation is important. lnter
state cattle trade is aft ctcd by it, for our
exported cattle will be examined and
may be condemned. We pay taxes and
also own cattle, wherefore we wish to
have the disease investigated. This is
important tc us as milk and meat con-
sumers, when health may be affected
thereby
Only since January, 1894, has the at
tention OF the public been called to tuber
culosis in Vermont. Seventy-hye per
cent of the herd on the state farm at
Burlington being found to be affected at
that time Experts were called to ad-
wise with Vermont officers AT first the
expense was chiefly on the farmers. Now
the examination is made at The exp, nse
OF the state, and all expense OF cattle
killed is borne equally by the state and
the owner.
Tie law works we'll The commissions
ers are behind in their work, there being
about 5000 head OF cattle yet to exam
inc. They get over about 600 cattle per
week. Tuberculosis is not new dis
ease. but an old disease with Il new name
However there are two forms OF this ami
nal tuberculosis, Just as there are two
forms OF human tuberculosis. The SLOW
form is not as prevalent in man or beast
as formerly
rhc form now prevalent is that whic(
can re traced, not to some other disease
but to a previous case OF tuberculosis
Present tuberculosis spreads rapidly
affecting remaining animals OF the herd
A case OF tuberculosis was reported t.
the commission We found II cattle GU
OF 81 diseased The owner SAID he RAISED
all his stock and never bought any cattl
from outsiders but on reflection he die
remember three years before OF passin!
drovsr who left a sick COW IN his field
which, alter two months, was killed
being pronounced worthless. Tubercu
los,s always comes from tuberculosis.
the herd is Tree now from this disease i
will always be until brought in contac
with it. But when tuberculosis is pres
ent good sanitary conditions will chez
it. In poorly ventilated stables nearl
all the stock will be affected,
In the test tuhercune is used. 1t wa
regarded as dangerous at first, and pee
pie said it would in time produce tuber
culoss. But tests now prove it safe
Tubercuine is sterilzed substance
which provides stimulant Tor tubcrcu
; loss germs. These germs become al
normally active and produce temporar
fever in those animals affected by tubei
culosis. This is Indicated by the the,
mometer in few hours. The tubercr
, culine has no eff ct on healthy ANNA
The test is nearly inallible but som
very advanced cases are not affected b
the tubcrculine, Probably the germ
are too numerous in these cases to |
t affected by the two or three drops {
tuberculine that have been injected
: Vermont cattle are not extensivel
affected by this disease, but the .wor
done in the state to check it has bee
] prompt and efficient cnmpnred wit