The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-12-04
YALE'S VICTORY COMPLETE
Continued from First Page.


Herbert Atchinson Jump '99 T. s. Of
New York opened Yale's side of the ar
9ument, He said:
The annexation of the Hawaiian Is
lands would involve serious difficulties
of political nature. The Inhabitants
consisting of $4,000 Mongolians, $4,000
natives and half-breeds, $1,000 Portu-
guese. 5000 Americans, 1000 British and
1850 Germans, are as whole unsuited
TO our political system. The obstinate
unwillingness Of the anneXationist in
Hawaii to refer the matter to a plebis-
cite shows that the majority of the in
habitants do not want annexation.
With the exception of the Americans
and Europeans, their hereditary in
stincts make them but poor material
for American citizenship. They are,
furthermore, undesirable, because of
their general character. Almost half
the 100000 are Buddhists and we add
these to Christian republic; S3,0 can
not read the English language; the per-
centage Of illiteracy is almost three
times as great as that of the United
States. Notwithstanding all the talk
about Hawaiis educational system.
The Mongolians will be undesirable, for
we shall expect Of them feeling of po-
ltical responsibility, though we deny
them political rights, and the native
race will make poor self-governing ma
terial, because of their lack of self-direc-
ton. proven by the way in which for
eigners controlled their government
even before the revolution of '93.
All this has bearing on the United
States, for we shall be compelled to find
q place In our political system for this
anomalous population. She will most
probably and in the near future apply
for statehood, being annexed as a terri
tory, and this demand cannot well be
refused-for she is both big and popu-
lous enough. But 5000 Americans and
61000 foreigners will make poor state
to send senator's and representative
to Washington. Nor can she well re-
main a territory forever for our gov
eminent has no place for a petri1ed
territory-in other words, a dependent
colony.
Our political system is strained enough
already by class conflicts, race prob
lems, bribery and ring rule and the I'M
American immigrant. We had no right
thus to add new or aggravate old prob
lens by the annexation Of transocean-
ic appendage.
j. A. Keith, Harvard's second speak
er, began his argument as follows:
I'VE maintain that the loss of our
influence in Hawaii and the usurpation
of some foreign power are imminent,
first because of the insecurity of gov
eminent in Hawaii and, second, be-
cause of the designs which other gov
ernments have against the islands,
He showed first that no government,
whether monarchy or republic, can
maintain the Independent sovereignty
of the islands. The royalist party in
Hawaii favors England. If we refuse
annexation this party will be strength
ened by tn natives as they accept the
ballot also by those who now favor
annexation to the United States, be-
cause they realize that it is futile to
attempt to maintain longer an indie
pendent government.
Hawaii has great need of a political
alliance. England would not hesitate to
accept Hawaii, for in 1888 she refused
to admit that our interests in Hawaii
were greater than hers. Hawaii virtu-
ally acknowledges that the Monroe doc
trine does not apply.
1--WE have protected Hawaii in the
past, but in the future she will seek an
alliance. Our influence is further men,
aced by the danger of Japanese su-
premacy, not by warlike aggression,
but by the silent introduction of her
subjects.
Demands for the suffrage were made
by the Japanese in '94 and '95, and are
now being urged again. Japan de-
rnands free immigration of her subjects
under the treaty Of 1871, which can be
abrogated or amended only by mutual
consent. With unstable government
Hawaiians will want Asiatic labor.
"Our reciprocity treaty would be bro
ken and Hawaii become a japanese de-
tendency"
John Kirkland Clark, Brooklyn, N.
H., was the second speaker for the neg
ative.
Mr. Clark's speech dwelt at length on
the strategic value of Hawaii He said
that the claim that our possession of
Hawaii would prevent an attack upon
the Pacific seaboard was false, since
England could use Vancouver as a base
of operations and any of the nations
with possessions in the South Sea ISL
nnds, China or Japan by means of coal
ing at sea, could thus operate against
our seaboard. This would force us, he
went on to say, to protect the Pacific |
coast, and Hawaii in addition The |
expense of adequate defences for the |
islands would be enormous. An initial
cost of $30000000 for land defences, a
force of $4,000 men to man these guns
over half our present army-and a
naval force as large as our entire navy
to-day would be required. The natural
defensibility of our Pacific coast makes |
this expense unnecessary
The alternative, however--annexation |
without fortifcation-seems in all prob |
ability the course that we should pur-
sue. All our experience in the past |
points to this. Our defensive policy has
never been wise one, and the annexa-
ton Of Hawaii would be merely an
other step in this same direction. While
the capture of Hawaii to-day would be
merely an affront to us, the capture of
the islands after annexation would be
q national disaster.
Annexation would weaken us strate-
gically by extending OUR frontier to a
defenceless outpost, 1000 miles from our
present boundaries and near enough to
the South Sea islands tn he within tba |