The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-20

bacco in diff f9rent climates, different
soils, and by different methods has
given rise to much variation in type Of
the plant. There are now more than
100 different named tobaccos grown in
the United States, many of which,
however, are only local synonyms for
one kind. There are but three types,
under each of which there are several
sub classes each embracing q number
of varieties.
Type domestic Cigar Tobacco
and Smokers. OF this type, z varieties
are classed as ''seed leaf and Havana
seed" and are classed d as ''other cigar
and smoking tobacco"
Type II.-Chewing tobacco. OF this
type, 9 varieties are classed as Zine
cut and plug fllers," and as "plug
wrappers"
Type III-Export Tobacco. OF this
type, II varieties are classed as ''E0g
lish shippers" II as Continental ship
pers," as African shippers" and as
Mexico. South American, and West
Indies shippers"
AS to soils, it is stated that while to
bacco will grow in almost any soil that
will produce other crops, no other
crop is SO radically eff scted by differ
ent conditions of soils and fertilizers.
Success in producing certain type OF
tobacco depends almost entirely on the
soil and fertilizer. A soil may be ideal
for one type and totally unfit for an
other. Soils of light color produce to
baccos Of light color, and dark soils
produce dark tobacco. The color Of
tobacco is also much affected by the
texture and condition Of the soil and
the composition of the fertilizer. The
seed leaf varieties produce g finer leaf
Oh light sandy lands, but the demand
in recent years has been for darker
colors in cigar wrappers, and these are
now grown upon heavier loans, highly
fertilized. The fine yellow tobaccos of
North Carolina and Virginia are grown
upon light gray sandy soils.
producing the fac aromatic Fl 4vors
upon which the price of tobacco so
largely depends, climate is probably
the most important factor, but proper
curing has an impor tant inf lence also.
Further than that high temperature
and moist atmosphere evidenced by
heavy deWs are favorable, the qualities
of tobacco climate are not so we'll un
derstood as are those of a tobacco soil
Perfect drainage, either natural or
artificial, and fine tilth are essential to
the best results. The more sand in the
soil the finer and silkier the leaf, but
the more clay the heavier the yield.
OF the 75 varieties analyzed at the
Station, the highest priced cigar wrap
per was grown in Florida on light
sandy loan without any fertilizer, the
yield being only $50 pounds per acre.
The next best seed-leaf specimen was
grown in Connecticut on light sandy
loan very heavily manured, the yield
being 1, 800 pounds per acre. The Mas
sachusetts and Connecticut growers
apply both stable manure and CONNER,
cial fertilizers very heavily and say
their lands are improving.
Tobacco lands in Florida range in
price from So to $50 per acre; in North
Carolina from $40 to $50, and in New
York, Massachusetts, and Connecticut,
from $50 to $3.50 per acre.
AS to fertilizers, it is true that to
bacco requires for the best results large
applications of highly soluble and
quickly available manures than most
other crops, because it's growth is made
in two or three months in the hottest
season of the year, the gro With is heavy,
and while drawing heavily on the soils
supply of nitrogen, lime, and potash,
it returns nothing to the soil. The best
form of lime for tobacco is gypsum,
and the best form of potash is the sui
phate. The muriate and kainit injure
the burning quality of cigar and smok
ing tobacco. Nitrate of soda is one oi
the best forms Of nitrogen, because
most quickly available, but cotton seed
meal, castor pomace, dried blood, ETC.,
may be used if applied early so that il
may rot down and become soluble. A
good mixture is made of 100 pounds
acid phosphate, 200 pounds sulphate ol
potash, 600 pounds cotton seed meal
and 100 pounds nitrate of soda. In this
mixture the nitrate of soda will supply
the crop with soluble nitrate during. itf
earlier growth, while the cotton seed
meal rots down and becomes available
for the later period of growth. The
acid nhnsnhata is rich in lime