The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-02-28

The Prosperity or the English Dependency At
Our Mercy.

To THE EpIroR or THE SCN-Sir Thu mission
10 Washington Of the two Canadian Ministers,
Cartwright and Davies. in scarch Of q treaty VI
reciprocity, e. freely admitted TO bc a complete
failure. Their suggestion. upon their return
home, of an international Commission TO con.
slider the trade relations of Canada and tho
United states ia recognized here as n confession
that they received no encouraVCtnrnt from 'ho
supporters OF the incoming Administration Fail.
urc to Obtain reciprocity with Tia United states
IN u death blow TO the Lauricr Administration.
Mr.. Lauricr was elected to secure fgcc access 10
the Continental market for the surplus products
OF Canada. lie pledged himself toret II even II he
negotiated u treaty which disc minated againss
British manufacturers. TIcdcnounccd Sir Charles
Tupper for failirr TO obtain reciprocity and per.
~sistcntly affirmed that n intr',stcd with power
he woult secure thnt sine ma non for Canada.
Americans my wonder why 'hc Canadian
producers are 80 urgc~cM thrir demand for free
access 10 the American market. but u simple state
mcnt Of the barley trodc will make the reason
clear. Prior to The enactment OF the Mckinley
tariff the duty upon barley entering your market
vas 10 cents per bushcl, md we sent YOU $3.50.
9si bushels In 1857. 0.37O.15s in 1853, $685.
III in 1889, and O,979.0l1 in 1890.
Under the Mckinley tarin the duty was raised
to 30 cents per bushcl. and In 1894 we sent you
b97.Io5 bushels. Under the Wilson tariff the
duty WIS reduced 10 I'D cents n Dnsnel, ana In
1895 we sent you /. 7Os. $40 bushels.
II the consumer paid the duty, we should have
continued to send you largo amounts of barley.
as 1t IL one Of the most profitable crops which our
farmers can raise. but us the Canadian farmer
was compelled to lose the duty he was Obliged 10
cease producing barley. If you reduce the duty
TO 10 cents n bushcl again. We shall send you
10000. 900 bushels annually; IL YOU remove the
duty, we shall send you Is. DOC, 900 bushels an
nually. This statement, | think. fairly illustrates
the Importance OF free access to the American
market for the natural products OF Canada.
When Canadians are convinced that there 10
no prospect or hope OF obtaining reciprocity tens
OF thousands will inmigrntc 10 the United
States. To prevent an abnormal exodus this
spring our Ministers suggested thc international
Commission. They dore nos confess failure. and
hoped by that suggestion o create the impress
sion that there was a valid ground for expecting
We can slip our prime wheat to England. but
we produce II stlgl surplus only. For tho ten
years prior TO 1894 our total exports OF wheat
and -four were " .354,OO2 bushels; for the same
period our imports were I5,l32,7 700 bushels,
making the total surplus for the decade 80. 22l,.
2i6 bushels. or :, 622.lgi bushels per year. For
ten years prior to 1884 our exports OF wheat
and flour wcr' III. 1000. 700 bushels; our imports
f2,OOO,OOO bushels, making the total surplusfor
The reduction in production in the eastern
provinces has been greater than the increase In
Manitoba, and our surplus for the second decade
WAS greater than for the former. For five years
ending June 80. 1890. the exports OF wheat and
ain. were s37. 100000 bushels. or lsO.OOO,oOO
bushels per annuin. Il have converted flour into
wheat per barrel Of fiolrD Is 1t likely that
Great Britain viii tax wheat from the United
States, Argentina. and Russia, and rely for her
supply upon Canada. In view OF our experience
for twenty years prior 10 1871
Imperial federation is IA myth, and our people
have no faith In II ~ a means OF opening a bet
ter market Than free access 10 the American
market would give them: therefore, IL they can.
not obtain reciprocity. tens of thousands OF them
will convert their Canadian assets into money
and seek u home under the American ilag.
Canada prOsp.red and therefore Increased In
POPULATION from 1854 10 1874. because, between
ls5t nnd l;05, The treaty q rscinrosity was in
t t1ine in IN the lrG United eds States. In 1s4l tRR s'e exodus Sn,
G SsS%m frd %la Is4I 70 Ind IND, f tSs s SSn'i in N ,ss b no th1.
NiSSSw bSun;WiSk ~ Sexs s;stiS l5.sss Prince
gain in Ontario was ga per cent, Quebec s.5s
New Brunswick nil. Nova Scotia 2,ss. Prince
II we deduct the increase in Manitoba, British
Columt 10, and the Nor;hwost Territories from
tho Ave eastern provinces w5s 800, 900. Deduct
from this that in Montreal, Toronto, Hamilton,
have gs a total gain in the rest Of the territory
Ii6yooo only. The area Of Ontario. Quebec, New
ward island IS $1,000 sq a%% miles, aihSe Tho
Srea Of the six New ENGLAND States,
Ware NsT MAJ Msiryi SsS '%SFii rsiini pen%Rss ssf Hirs Rels.
Ohio, Indiana. Michigan, Illinois. and Wisconsin
Is ls. ass T PSo s sanaTTe r. n miles; or, or II i : coo No. square miles
ssss'SSS, and n the states mentioned IIo.c;
ZOOS, Montreal ieS IN iieiG&s. V&SsSeG YORK. Ms' in lG isia. and
H l2s. na In ie S"o The pop@alstiS%p oG Of n %4 / ID in
ao6. Quebec had q population in 1894 OF 5000.
f Tae IT,, SSsin yea in lbs ss, pS %%. dSTv 81 s.,o TO os
per cent. or at the rate OF about 7 per cent. in
ten years. From 1881 20 1891 the gain in tho
ronto is the most pTosp e tfy in Canada,
and is the financial, commercial, and industrial
were 42,o5l births in Ontario and / LIS deaths,
showing 2 gain Of hirths over deaths OF lo,s28
cent, or only Il per cent. in ten years.
Huron county, Ontario, one OF the richest agri.
fn non"I Is sections .on n, in North Ams r 's shows a les los
Miadlesex county, Ontario. of which London 10
the capital, IN agrie9itgral paradise, shows a
Lincoln, Wcliand, Monck, and Haldiman coun-
i Inss M W, . ~, ,SEf the NiHgfrn peninsy!n, show a
county. on. Of the best agricultural counties in
the Dominion. shows q loss OF 1924.
Consdn was increased from 1890 miles to H..
900 miles. n en!n OF .; 74s miles; Railway earn.
l99,Oos in 1891: There was expended by the
Government OF the Dominion and the provincial
decade not less than 800 100000 for railway
construction. During the same period. $4,000
agencies or m and w assisted sxaPG p y upon ann ia%m 1hs rssSIs
was that we had $4,000 more foreign.born In.
hab!tants In 1891 than we had In 1881. 1t was
expected that the opening up Of the Ca
madam Northwest would Induce immigra-
ton into Canada from the United States. The
result has been that we gained for the decade
5000 Americans only, or 800 per annum, and
most of the Americans who have come here are
engaged in manufacturing enterprises and sim.
liar occupations. We have utterly failed TO So
cure immigration either from Europe or Amer
lea, and we have also failed to prevent emigra-
ton. Our birth rate is very low and our death
rate is increasing. and all who have made a
study OF the actual facts revealed by tho census
of 1891 expect that tho census OF 1901
Will show "a loss OF population in az
cations even In Manitoba OF n rctrokrado move
mcnt. The land sales Of the Canadian Pacific
Railway In 1893 were SlNo $50, and the cam
celled contracts for land sales were $290, 266.
The railway company has over 100000 acres
OF the best lands in the fertile belt between Win
niptg and tho eastern base OF the Rocky Noun
talns, all within twenty.four miles OF its line. lite