The herald., 1897-07-22

people think, but is due Target,
to three causes. First, the ap
plication of machinery to agricultur,
and the planting of manufactures in the
city to produce this machinery. The sec
ond cause is the building of railroads
that can transport supplies wherevet
any number of millions may be gath
cred. The third cause is the transition
from individual to organized industry
| All these causes have conspired to open
chasm that can never be recrossed.
The speaker in contracting the old with
the new conditions cited his own parents.
who were typical New England people.
The father built his own house, titled
his own farm and made the furniture,
while the mother carded, spun, wove and
made the garments the family Wore.
They would have been absolutely indie
pendent had they been alone on this
earth. Now conditions have absolutely
changed; each man is dependent on
every other for the finished coat or
shoe. Men have become interdependent
instead of Independent. The speaker
cited the modern newspaper as an in
stance of this and traced the various
elements that enter into the production
of this daily necessity.
Should the striking coal miners of the
east succeed, continued the speaker, the
stopping of this one industry would stop
the commerce of the world.
The age of homespun was independ-
ent, now we are interdependent.
1t is simple thing to govern the town.
a man may be a successful mayor of a
small town who would be totally ineffi-
cient in the government of a city. If
men need to be efficient in the govern
ment of a city how much more impor-
tant is it that they be efficient in govern
ing cities, which will soon govern the
nation. We need to have higher sense
of justice keener discernment of each
others rights, to keep pace with this
tremendous material development. The
speaker gave instances of deplora BILE ig-
norance in national affairs and history
in an examination of applicants for po-
sitions on the police force of New York
and said that under the spoils system
that kind of men went into Office
The moral life is best conserved by two
great agencies, the home and the church.
people own their own homes, while only
six per cent. of the population of New
York are property holders. The larger
the city. the greater the tenement and
hotel population. Our cities are not half
as well supplied with churches as they
were thirty years ago. The forces that
make our moral and spiritual life are
steadily growing weaker.
The fundamental principles of political
life are local government and fedora
ton. Very soon the city is to dominate
the nation in 1920 there will ten millions
more people in the city than in the coun-
try, and it can take its affairs in its own
hand. Wendell Phillips said: 1.-THE cities
of this country will strain this country
as slavery never did" Military force
has been used to control a few people
because they were incapable of self
1t is a dangerous thing
when the goddess of liberty must lean on
a bayonet for support. Carrying people
from the slums to the farm is no solu
ton of the problem, there is already an
over reproduction of food. The real solu-
ton is higher moral and spiritual life.
We must educate the conscience and this
cannot be done by the pulpit, forless than
one-half of the population pretend to
enter churches; those who need it most
never get it, and this is true of all moral
reforms. If the Indifferent will not
come to the truth then we must take the
truth to them. There is serious need of
locking these things in the face.
We need the development of new
not patriotism that builds
forts and navies, but patriotism that
goes to primaries; not the patriotism
that rallies round the flag, but the bal
OF box; not the patriotism that dies for
1ne's country, but that lives for it.
EVENING SESSION
The speaker of the evening was B. r.
3aumgardt, of Los Angeles, who deliv-
cred popular astronomical lecture, il
ustrated with stereoptcon views. 1t
vas listened to by a large and appreci-
alive audience.