davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brunswick times. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 188?-1900, 1897-04-13

Short trains daily between Brunswick and
Everett, connecting with the "New York and
Florida Limited" at Everett. Train leaves
Brunswick 1910 p. m, arrives Everett 100 D.
m. Returning, leaves Everett 20 p. M, ar
rtves Brunswick 2:10 p. m.
Nos Is and 14-"CincinnaH and Florida Linn
tied, ;" solid vestibuled train running between
Cincinnati and Jacksonville, Fla, via Chatta-
nooga, Atlanta and Everett, consisting Of bag
gage car, first and second class coaches and
drawing room sleeping cars. Pullman nleepr
ing cars between St. Louis and Jacksonville
via Birmingham, Atlanta and Everett.
Pullman car connection with the 81. Louis
sleeping car at Holly Springs for Kansas City,
Pullman sleeping cars between Atlanta and
Brunswick. This car 10 placed In Union Pas
senger Station at Atlanta for the reception Of
passengers at 100 p. M, and on reaching Az
lanta from Brunswick at 80 a. m. In held In
Union Depot until 80 q. m. for the comfort Of
passengers.
Nos. Q and 1o-Pullman drawing room sleep
ing cars between Atlanta and Cincinnati.
Nos. and lB-Pullman 81 ,eping cars bo-
tween Atlanta and Chattanooga.
Connections at Union Depot Atlanta for all
points north east and west
w. H. GREEN, J. M. CULP,
Gen'l Superintendent, Traffic Manager,
Washington, d. @. Washington, d. q
W, A. TURK, s. II. HARDWICK,
Gen'l Pass. Agt. Asst. Genl Pass. Agk
Washington, d. @. Atlanta. Ga.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
sHEPHERDsTOWN NOTES.
From the Independent /:

From the Independent:
Miss Lille McQuilkin, of Mar.
tinsburg, is visiting her sister, Mrs.
Kicker, near Swan Pond.
Hon. IT. C. Getzendanner and
Mr.Robert Gibson were in Washing
ton last week, on business.
Mr.. and Mrs. II. D. Baker, OF
New York, visited the family OF
Mr.. FL. S. Baker, in this place, on
Tuesday.
Mr.. G. Frank Cushwa, of Will
Transport. Md, is here visiting rel
atives. Mr.. Cushwa spent last Sun
day in this place.
MIR. Fl. S. Baker and his dang
ter, Miss Josephine, spent last Sun.
day with the family of DR.. Newton
Baker, in Martinsburg.
Messrs. Harry Schley and c. W.
Andrews visited friends in Clarke
county, Va, last Sunday, riding
over sixty miles on their wheels.
Mr.. E. G. Williams and his two
daughters, Misses Edith and Sallie,
drove down from Martinsburg on
Tuesday, and spent the day with the
family of Mrs. Abraham Shepherd in
this place.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
NEW YORk'S MURDER MYSTERY.

MutiIated Body Identifed-The Vfc-
TINS Mistress Under Arrest.
New York. July 1.-The positive iden-
tificaticnk by nine men makes 1t seem
certaiIs'@elat the man who was muir
dersd some time last week, and who
was cut into two parts, one of the parts
being taken to the ogden Woods, near
Washington bridge, and the other be-
ing thrown into the East river, is Will
lam Guldensuppe, a rubber in the Muir
ray Hill baths. All of the rubbers in the
bath, as well as DR.. j. S. Cosby, a fire.
quenter of the baths, have identified
the remains of the man in the morgue.
Dr. Cosby's identification was by means
of cicatrix on the finger, caused by a
felon, which he had lanced for Gulden-
suppe.
Guldensuppe had been living with
Mrs. Augusta Mack, a midwife, at No.
439 Ninth avenue. Mrs. Mack had been
separated from her husband for some
time, and it was asserted that Mack
had threatened revenge on Gulden-
suppe when his wife transferred her
affections. Mack was accordingly ar
rested, but was soon discharged, the
police declaring there was no evidence
connecting him with the murder
Mrs. Mack had had a violent quarrel
with Guldensuppe on account of his
supposed unfaithfulness to her. The
police found in her apartments pieces
of oilcloth similar to those in which
the mutilated body was found, and a
storekeeper has identified her as the
person to whom he sold it. She was,
therefore, arrested last night. charged
with the murder. She was preparing to
leave for Europe.
Yesterday afternoon the legs of the
dead man were found floating in the
river.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
BERKELEY SPRINGS ITEMS.

Yes, we had to go there on Mon
day, on legal business.
We met Messrs. W. H. Travers
of Charles-Town, W. j. Newton, o.
Washington, and S. W. Walker, Of
Martinsburg, all engaged in the
cases, Very pleasant, agreeable
gentlemen.
Sheriff Harrison and Deputy
Cross, are efficient officials, but the
sheriff is pining for the open air on
his farm near Cherry Run. Hard
to break an old soldier from field to
garrison duty.
Yes, Clerks Dawson and Allen
got after US again about our Clerks
offices. They have been painted and
have linolum on the floor. 1t makes
people keep on clean collars and to.
bacco chewers hunt the spittoon.
Mr.. G. P. Jack, for years we'll and
popularity known as an experienced
caterer and hotel man, has every.
thing in order at the Berkeley
Springs Hotel, already has a goodly
company, and with his reputation
and that of the curative powers OF
the baths, will have the big house
filled in few days. You can take
a new lease of life at this resort.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
HEDGESVILLE NEWS.

DR.. Hanna, who has been quite i'll,
is much better at this writing.
We are sorry to say little Mary
Dunbar, daughter OF G. A. Miller, is
quite i'll.
Mr.. Kidney, of Hagerstown, is
the guest of Mr.. Gambia Alvey, at
this writing.
Mr.. Walter HINES and little
brother, of Keyser, are the guests of
G. w. PoisaI.
Mr.. VIM. Payne. who has been
visiting friends in Cumberland, has
returned home.
Mrs. DR.. Harris and family spent
a few days at Mrs. Dorance, near
Cherry Run, this week.
Services in the M. E. Church by
Rev. Ruark on Sunday, aud also in
Mt. Zion by Rev. LEVEL.
Mrs. Adrion Nadenbousch and
Miss Wilen, of Martinsburg, are
visiting friends in this place.
Mr., Jacob Fuss, who is engaged
in business in Washington, is on a
visit TO his mother, at this writing.
Mr.. A. E. Menifee, who has been
the guest of Miss Elizabeth Dren-
ner, has returned to his home in
Cumberland.
Miss Annie Riser, of Ohio, and
Miss Nellie Wandling, of Vancleves-
vile, were the guests Of the Misses
Drenner, this week.
Mr.. Easterday, of Washington,
and Mr.. Adrion Nadenboush, of
Martinsburg; were the guests of M.
G. Nadenbousch, on Sunday.
Mr.. Hamilton Myers, who has
been in Pittsburg for some time, has
returned home, accompanied by his
daughter-in-law, Mrs. G. Fl. Myers.
Master Hammond Mitchell, who
has an ice stand near the Square,
was ordered by one of our worthy
citizens on Saturday night to re.
move it, but we are glad to see the
little fellow at his same old trade
again.
REPORTERS,
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
THE CRUSHERS.

Every now and then, spectators
or peculators or some Skindicate
come along and weigle our people
our trust companies, and building
associations and sometimes our
banks, into assisting them in the
erection of a factory or manufac-
tories, and the cool cash is placed
ere the heated spindles run, and
soon,there seems to be a shut down.
Who got the money? This town
has acGrd-ed off a couple of these
occurrences, and the credit growth
of the town has been preserved.
This result, however, is not due to
the effect of the wants and wishes of
the squatters, but to the watchful--
ness and the ability of the home
people to keep these factories going,
and they are going successfully.
The crushing business does not
work in this town.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

B. & o. RELIEF DEPARTMENT
The following is statement of re-
ceipts and disbursements ofthe B. &
o. Relief Department for the month
of December, 1896: Receipts, $751;
49l.70; Disbursements, Accidental
deaths, $8,500.0O; accidental injur-
les, $7,3l7.95 surgical expenses,
S707.46 natural sickness $S,591.33 !;
natural deaths, $6,750.0O; general
expenses, $5,9S9.S7; expenses for
medicine, $4,000; contributions re-
funded, $37l.38 advances for arti-
fetal limbs, $3.50; City of Savan-
nah bonds, So ,262.50; total $685.
644.99. The total amount of bene-
fits paid from May lst, 1880, to De.
cember 3lst, 1896, were 81 1891
As. The names of DR.. W. II. Kable,
Harper's Ferry, W. Va, vice DR..
W. FL. Cannon; DR.. W. FL. Knauss,
Newark, o., have been added to the
list of surgeons OF the company.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

A WORTHY GIFT.-Hon. James @.
Carter, the acknowledged leader of
the New York bar, has informed the
Hon. Barry Tucker, Of Virginia, of
his purpose to contribute $4,000 to-
ward the erection of the proposed
John Randolph Tucker Memorial
Hall, on the grounds of Washing ton
and Lee University, at Lexington,
Va. This is graceful tribute by
one of the greatest lawyers in the
country to Virginia's distinguished
jurist. Gen. VIM. Draper, promi-
nent Massachusetts lawyer and Re-
publican, has also subscribed $500
TO the memorial hall fund.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

WILLIAM WoRDsWoRTH.-Many
readers have thought Wordsworth
to be dull and heavy, and that these
defects are objectionable in a poet.
1t is true that his poetry is not uni
formly great and attractive, and that
much of what he wrote is tame. No
writer could yield so much wheat
and not have some chaff with it. No
poet could write long poem like
"The Excursion" or "The Prelude"
and be brilliant in every line. Even
Homer sometimes mods. Shake
speare does not always reach the
same heights and l venture to say
that Byron, who sneered so often at
Wordsworth, flies very low in more
Cnan one OF his poems. Many of
those who do not consider Words
worth profitable reading, belong to
a class that is "incapable of a feel
ing of poetry y and, without the
power to appreciate poet, it is not
easy to derive any pleasure or help
from him.-Mrs. 4. P. Peabody, IN
the July Forum.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
CHARLES TOWN NOTES.
REPORTERS
From tue Free Press:

From tue Free Press:
The first of a series of dances was
given by the young men OF Charles
Town, Friday night, at Ho;el Pow
hatan.
DR.. R. E. Venning was summon.
ed to Charleston, South Carolina,
on Saturday. to see his father, who
is critically i'll.
The friends of Miss Keightley
Undertake will be pleased TO learn
of her return home after an absence
of several months in Georgia, Ala
bama, Mississippi, etc.
Mrs. Woodward, wife of Mr.. Thos.
E. Woodward, a most estimable
lady, and sister-in-law of Mrs. Mary
Anderson of this place, died at her
home near Summit Point, on Sunday
light las, at an advanced age.
Funeral $ vices at late residence at
II a. rs. oday. Interment at Mar.
vim Chs ell.
A. Welles Stump, son of Mr..
Abram Stump, OF this town, passed
successfully an examination, and
was admitted to practice law in the
courts of New York City. Our
young friend deserves much credit.
having pursued his studies at odd
hours whilst supporting himself by
arduous labors. He will have a
successful career we are quite sure.
He is the secretary of the Charles.
Town Society of New York City.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
From the Spirit :

From the Spirit:
Mr.. II. l.. Alexander was over
from Martinsburg, Sunday.
Miss Mary Wilson, daughter of
exp ostmaster-General Wilson, is
the guest OF Miss Annie Aisquith.
Misses Neville and Anna Mitchell
have returned to their home, "Mord-
ington,' near town, from visit to
New York.
The Charles Town Water and
Manufacturing Company are put
ting in an additional reservoir, the
capacity of which will be about 3d.
600 gallons.
The east front window of the So.
loon of Mr.. Jas. A. Thomas was
broken into this morning about 8
o'clock, and half dozen bottles of
whiskey stolen therefrom. Mr.. Har-
ry Ronemus, sleeping opposite,
heard the crash and frightened the
thieves, (three in number, } away.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

GOLD is THE ONLY CURRENCY
The st. Louis lobe-Democrdt says {:
SIN speech before the literary So
cieties of the University of Virginia
Bryan said 'the one need of the peo-
pie is a currency good everywhere,
which will not fiuctuate in value, land
which is as good as any other in the
world If Bryan means what he
says this puts him in the ranks of
the standard men. Gold, and
money convertible directly into
gold, is the only currency which
meets these tests. The money
which meets none of these require
ments, and which never can be made
to meet any of them, is silver money
at the ratio of 16 to /. There is an
irrepressible conflict between this
position and the position he took
last year. Assuming that he knows
what he is talking about now, Bryan
himself virtually says what every
other sensible person has been say
ing all along, that Bryan's talk in
1896 was the widest sort Of nom
sense"
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
PoLTZ RI @. ITEMS.

Dry weather.
Corn is growing nicely.
Peaches and apples will be plen-
tiful.
Wheat, which is an extra crop, is
now being harvested.
Mr.. 7. Fl. Byers, our road super
visor, has very greatly improved
the road between Fol,z and Lights
ford.
Mr. T. S. Williams. The Superins
tendens OF our Sunday School, has
not made his appearance at the
Sunday School since the 18th.
Services uoder the auspices of the
Jr. O. U. A. Nj. at Bedington, last
Sunday evening, by Rev. Ruark, of
Hedgesville, was well attended. The
house was filled to overlooking.
Rev. Ruark possesses rare gifts as
an orator.
While meandering in Washington
county, Md, we found that there will
be an abundance of apples and
peaches. The corn is in advance of
ours, so also is the wheat. Some
farmers claim that they will have
forty bushels Of wheat to an acre.
ARCTURUs,
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

REDUCED RATES ON THE G. Y. r.
Il. ON ACCOUNT OF 4TH OF july
The Cumberland Valley Railroa
Company announces that for the
benefit Of persons desiring TO take
advantage of the National Holiday
on the 4th of July, it will sell excur-
sion tickets between all stations on
its line, and to stations on the Penn
sylvania Railroad east Of and includ-
ing Pittsburg and Erie, except that
tickets will not be sold to points
north or east of Philadelphis. nor to
points north of the line, Harrisburg
to Erie. Tickets to be sold July Cd,
Sd, 4th and 9Th, good to return until
July 9Th, 1897, inclusive.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
Confirmed nv the senate,

Washington. July 1.-The senate yes
terday confirmed the following, among
other nominations: John Russell Young
of Pennsylvania, librarian of congress
Bernard r. Green of the District OF
Columbia, superintendent of the Ii
brary building and grounds; John p
Bray of North Dakota, consul general
at Melbourne, Australia; Church Howe
of Nebraska, consul general at Apia
and Nukualofa Tonga; Hugo Donsel.
mann of Wyoming, consul at Prague
Bohemia; E. Hall, postmaster at Havre
De Grace, Md.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

Hon. c. B. Bush, president of the
Gilmer county CIV. Va.) Court,
says that he has had three cases OF
fiux in his family, during the past
summer, which he cured in less than
a week with Chamberlain's Collie.
Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy.
Mr.. Bush also states, that in some
instances there were twenty hemor-
RACES a dav.-Glenville, W. Va
Pathfinder. This remedy has beea
used in nine epidemics of fux and
one of cholera, with perfect success.
1t can always be depended upon for
bowel complaint, even in its most
severe forms. Every family should
keep it at hard. The Is and so cent
bottles or'sale by L. G.. Matthaei,
Druggist.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
FiducIary Notice.

The following Fiduciary account is
before the undersigned Commissioner
OF Accounts of the County Court of
Berkeley county for settlement !.
Charles Matthaei, guardianship, Ed
ward NJ. O'Neal and Daisy A. O'Neal,
lwards.) Given under my hand, as
Commissioner of said court, at my of
ice at the Court House of said county,
the 7th day of June, 1897.
]. T. PICKING, .
6-12-2t. Commissioner.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
SATURDAY. JULY 8, 1897.

The Thermopylae of Martinsburg
politics has evidently been van
quished-the Spartans defeated.
What time We will have, when the
next election comes, to see whether
the Turks shall have Thessaly, or
whether the Greeks shall regain that
noted pass. Where are you? Blow
your bugle. We expect to be nos
ing around in that contest.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

The vanity of accidental officials
or otherwise sometimes causes them
to suffer with big head, usually
classed as swelled head. Wonder,
why they do not recognize the time
is feeting, and the score at the other
end marks out totality. Some six
months of the year has gone by al,
ready for new officials. They may
think the chain is endless, but now
and then link breaks or a cog goes
by, when the tire has to be blown
us. Politicians will do we'll to con-
slider these matters.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
Increase in Railroad Mileage.

Chicago, July 1.-The Railway Age
reports that only 622 miles of track
have been laid in the United States
during the first half of 1897. This is less
than the corresponding period of any
year since 1875, with the exception of
1894. when only 525 miles of track had
been laid up to July l. In 26 of the
states and territories no track has been
laid this year. Judging from the con-
struction now under way on the diff
ferent lines the total amount of track
laid during the entire year will be
close to 1000 miles-about the same
amount that was laid during each of
the last three years. So far this year
Louisiana leads with Ill miles of track
laid, and California is second with SO.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

CHAUTAUouA.-The Cumberland
Valley Railroad will sell excursion
tickets to Chautadqua, n. Y, Fri.
day, July Cd, 1897, in connection
with the Pennsylvania Railroad
special excursion advertised to leave
Harrisburg at ll.35 a. m, that
date, due at Chautauqua 1890 p. m
Tickets will be sold for Cumberland
Valley Railroad train No 4, leaving
Martinsburg at 500 g. NJ, and will
be good to return on any regular
train, except limited Express trains,
July 18th to August 1st. Rate $40
for the round trip.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
Reduced Rates 10 San Fran
cisco via Pennsyl Eaaia Raj
road Or Account of Chris
sian EndeaV0r Con
ventiOn.

The Penns, lyani4 Railroad Com
pany announces that, for the Chris
tian Endeavor Convention to be
held in San Francisco. July 18th TO
18th, it will sell special tickets from
all points on it's system at greatly
reduced rates. These tickets will be
sold June 9th to July I'd, and will
permit of stop over at Denver and
points West. Returning passengers
must reach original starting point
not later than August 18th, 1897.
For specific rates, conditions, and
full information apply 10 nearest
ticket agent.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

The Wheeling Register had a
very excellent portrait of our new
Fish Commissioner, the Hon. Geo.
NJ. Bowers, at his desk labelled
"This is my busy day" There is
technology and all sorts of other
ologies, except a bottle that was la
beled "bait." Stick to the bait
George till you get chance to go
duckiug with old man Cleveland.
Both the angler and the ducking
man often get left for want of bait,
although water is more plentifulthan
what they are after.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

The Teachers Convention of the
state has been in session at Clarks-
burg for several days. Some excel
lent papers were read by those iden.
tilted with the public schools. 1t will
be well if the marrow and matter of
fact in these papers that were pre-
pared, as we suppose, after mature
study and preparation, would be pub.
lished for the benefit of those anx-
ious TO know what the teachers know.
1t is truly a blanket business. Open
the windows.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
The Next Immlgration Commissioners

4 IHO -NSAt IIItIIIIsS ItfNIUH OUIIIIII ISsIUIIGT
Washington, July There was a
strong intimation given at the White
House yesterday that the president
would select neither T. V. Powderly
nor ex-Representative Keifer as i'm
migration commissioner, but probably
would appoint William G. Edens, of
Galesburg, Ills. The protests against
Mr.. Powderly have been numerous. Mr.
Edens is prominently connected in the
labor organizations, and has been an
officer of the Brotherhood of Railroad
Trainmen.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
DAYLIGHT AND DARKNESS


Where are you these times Do
you have cent to pay? Is the 9TH
er fellow after it? Do you have a
cent to collect5 Can you get it !?
1t is daily, deadly tramp corns on
your toes, and no money in your
pocket. Possibly you sleep at night
with the hope of awakening with the
daylight, with more generous re-
spouse to what you required and
should have. If daylight does not
bring this hope, formed OF the
dreamland of darkness, we will all
have to grit our teeth and bear it
out, we trust, without preying on
one another.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

The County Court is very serene.
1t is a Republican Court, so said to
be. But figure out their appoint
ments and their commissions, and
see what they have been doing. 1t
has been wonder to us, as to what
was the aggravation that caused the
County Court to do things that have
a tendency, at least, to turn the
county over to the Democracy at the
next election. What is the matter,
anyhow ?
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03

Bryan and free silver seem still to
occupy the empty pocket or the
waiting brain. What In the world
will become of US unless we get free
silver? 1t is as straight as the string
is long. The COMPOUNDED fellows
who control the silver have a knot in
the other end and want one hun
dred cents for every dollar. Say,
lerd US sure gun and pair of
scissors to get that knot off the other
end, can we get there then 3?
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
Heavy Custom House REGENTS,

New York, July 1.-The receipts at
the custom house here yesterday were
$1.902, 200.S5. The receipts for the month
ending yesterday We're s14, 72S, 772.5
and for the fiscal year, also including
yesterday, s120.603. 1896. The receipts
for the year ending June 80, 1896. were
$116,004, 824.90. There was a rush at the
close of business yesterday afternoon,
owing to the fear that action might be
taken on the pending tariff measure.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
REDUCED RATES TO WINCHESTER

REDUCED RATES TO WINCHESTER
For the Virginia Firemen's State
Convention at Winchester, Va, July
7th to 9th, the Cumberland Valley
Railroad will sell round trip tickets
from all points on its line July 5th
to 9th, inclusive, good to return I'M
til July 18th, inclusive, at one fare
for the round trip. No rate to be
less than 90 cents.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-07-03
Russia's New Ambaasador to

Russia's New Ambassador to Turkey.
Constantinople, July I'M. Zinoview.
the Russian minister to Sweden and
Norway, has been appointed to sue
coed Count Nelidoff as Russian am
bassador to Turkey. This announce
ment has caused great surprise, as the
appointment is believed to indicate a
new departure in Russian policy.