The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1897-02-19
PEOPLE WHO WORK.
STATISTICS ABOUT AMERI-
CAN WAGE FARMERS.
Numbers and Wages of Male and Fee
male Employees Compared-ProportiOn
of Women Who Work Is Increasing,

WASHINGTON, Feb. 13,--The eleventh
annual report of the bureau of labor,
just transmitted to Congress by Com
missioner Wright, was prepared, in
e obedience to joint resolution of Con-
gress directing an investigation rela-
tive to the employment of men, women
and children, and is confined strictly
to-a comparison of the extent of en-
ployment and wages of 1S95-96, or
''present period" with the conditions
in what is termed "former period"
ante-dating the present period by at
least ten years.
The agents of the department Sc
lishments of various kinds, located in
thirty different states and employing
l48,367 persons-a number large
enough to insure that the data col
lected were thoroughly representative.
The complete data sought for, how
ever, were obtained from 931 establish
p ments employing "a, $50 persons in the
former and 10s, 64S in the present pc
riod. OF this number in the first pc
riod 26, 40 were males of 10 years of
age or over, as against 43, 1875 in the
second, 4,175 males under IS years of
age, as against 1910 in the second,
81, 1853 females, Is years of age or over
and 6,743 females under IS years of
age, as against as, 1872 and 12,751, re-
spectively, in the present period The
male employees 10 years of age or over
increased in the present period over
the former period g.. 1 per cent, while
female employees of the same age
period increased Sc. 3 per cent. Male
employees under IS years of age in
creased 500 per cent, while female
employees under tS years of age in
creased s9.1 per cent.
The proportion of females 10 years
Of age and over employed in all occu-
pations in the United States rose in its
relation to the whole number employed
from 4.6S per cent in 1870 to 17.22 per
cent in 1890, while males decreased in
proportion from IS. 80 per cent in 1870
to S2.78 per cent in 1890 For the pres
emit period, out of an aggregate of
20, 9S7 women, 7O,921, or SS.7 per cent
were single, 6,755, or 8.5 per cent mar
ried, 2,4l1 or 2.5 per cent divorced and
244, or $40 of per cent unknown. Of
the 3,914,571 females 10 years of
aye or over engaged in gainful pur-
suits in the United States in 1890,
69.S4 per cent were single or their
coniugal condition unknown, 3.16
per cent married, 1910 per cent wild
owed and 90 per cent divorced. Of 1852
instances in which men and women
work at the same occupation and per-
form their work with the same degree
of efficiency, men receive greater pay
in sos or 76.1 per cent of the instances,
and women receiving greater pay in
1919 or 1863 per cent while in So in
stances or IA per cent the men receive
SOL per cent greater pay than the
women in the sos instances in which
they are given greater pay, while the
women receive but 10. 3 per cent great
err pay in the 129 instances in which
they are paid higher wages.
Out of the 1913 instances in which
men and children persons under Is
years of age) work at the same occu-
patton with like degree of efficiency
men receive greater pay in 1872, or 1913
per cent of the instances, and children
receive greater pay in "a or 1915 per
cent, while in 90 instances or 81 per
cent they receive the same pay for the
same work performed with the same
degree of efficiency. The men receive
SIT per cent greater pay than the
children in the 1872 instances in which
they are paid more, while the children
receive but Sc per cent greater pay in
tie "a instances in which they are
paid the higher wages.
The main reason for the employment
of women and girls is that they are
better adapted for the work at which
they are employed. Other reasons
given are that they are more reliable,
more easily controlled, cheaper, more
temperate, more easily procurable,
neater, more rapid, more Industrious.
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