The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-22

thht ohN 90 w Avn oh VI to" SyiI'
they should ,endeavor by all n%yaiiable means 10
tionsiity Of his fnrnisher. The foreign and ma.
%obliFinE Vendors. '4 Rinother point Of great satil m %es:
lance to foreign middlemen Is that Continental
EnRiis s1' f %aSn s siio%in seU at }sss9 sis 1 mon, fr'
credit and ready facilities for extension, 80 that
s siRs ds sIv Ssfd 5S5 the ( 5l s6s @ Of for Pat It 81 H' t 1sst feG:
English houses only give two. and possibly. three
month"; credit: and Frequently insist on pay;
Egypt. foreign manufacturers lay Themselves
out to suit the natives, wants, and offer articles
land. It is natural that the Egyptians should
turn to them in preference.
We turn. lastly. to the chapter treating Of the
trade of Great Britain with her colonies. From
one of the tables compiled by Mr.. Gastrell We
learn the surprising fact that the exports OF
British origin to Great Britain's colonies were
actually greater in value In 1875 than they were
in 1895. In the lrst-named year they were
valued at 1855. AGO. oOO; in 1885 they were
1888. 645 900; in 1890 they were S436, $50. 600:
in 1895 they had dropped to $3.50, 600. 200. or to
a point lower than they had touched in 1875.
From 1885 to 1895 the tables show 6 total re.
duction Of 10 per cent; Of 40 per cent. In exports
to Hong Kong, of 81 per cent. TO Australia, OF
% per cent. to British North America, of 10 per
cent. to Ceylon and of Is per cent. to India.
From 1890 to 1895 the percentage lost was far
greater, being 20 per cent. for the total exports Of
British origin to tho colonies. These statistics
constitute what Mr.. GHstrell considers one Of
the saddest chapters in the commercial history
OF England during the present century. or
course, 1t may be said that the colonies now
manufacture to some extent. especially in Aus
tralia, which Is true; but tho author shows In an
appendix that the fact does not account for the
large falling of in England's exports to them.
The reasons for the decline Of the British trade
with the dependencies are set
forth in a repor. drawn up for the colony OF Vic
toria, at the request OF the Secretary OF State
for the Colonies. 1t appears that of the total
imports into Victoria, 67 per cent. came from
Great Britain and 80 per cent. from foreign
countries. 1t appears that in fabrics for wo-
mems wear and some other articles the Continen-
tai nations have improved their position at the
expense OF England; that lately the trade in
iron and steel has been threatened by the COM
petition Of Germany; and that in wooden goods
the United States maintain supremacy In the
markets Of Victoria. 1t is pronounced undo
niable that the subsidies given to the German
and French lines assist foreign trade. Without
the subsidies steamships Of the class employed
in these lines could not be run TO Germany or to
France at a profit, and the subsidies enable tho
vessels to carry goods at a lower rate OF freight
than they could otherwise do. Again, we are
told that British and foreign houses differ
greatly in their modes of dealing with their Gus
toners. A British manufacturer very often
acts by a fixed rule In granting credits. II the
customer be unknown to him. he sends his bill
OF lading to a bank. TO be delivered on pay
ment Of cash only. and he makes few concessions
from his fixed rules to any class of buyers.
The German. and. to some extent, the
French manufacturer, pursue an exactly
opposite course. They are ready to offer special
terms to secure business. II q buyer be I'M
known to them, they will take the trouble to
make inquiries respecting his financial stand
ing. instead Of requiring cash payment as q
natural course. AS a rule, moro trust 10 given
in the British colonies by foreigners than by
Englishmen. and this method OF doing business
necessarily secures for them some trade which
otherwise would 60 to British manufacturers.
doing business in the colonies that any sdvan.
tagc. is gained in this way by foreigners, but
enabled by granting specially easy termsto in.
crease largely his trade. Another point is worth
gwen sH'tHS BY TT British .f impo sa@S'f To a ihs neess, Il nS OF
packing In g small compass. For transmits
s snn1 no @at 4 distant Ssosu sS'o ~, this his , T. az z, im nI1ic
measurement In which goods can be packed. tho
less is the freight, the storage. the carriage, tho
American goods. and sometimes Germ.n goods.
are more closely packed than English goods,
age or damage. Whenever = duty by Measure
ment has been PLACED on any article In Victoria
timrs the Germans have proved themselves
fnle to o. r lie a greater quantity in a cnbic ioos
States packing is the more general practice OF
making M articles into trade pack ,ges; that Is.
the cases in which they are imported. Further.
the United states use largely n pitch paper spec
i 3s1 m Prepared Tht for J, LINING LINING. cases {, where ths Rri,i;h
Is that the pitch paper is as etfectual in preserv.
ing goods as is metal. and that it is lighter and
up" OF small goods the United StHtes manufac-
turers excel. Americans use cardboard boxes in
brown b","1'' psp 'eS'I p"rcc,s Sn snd the the f Tnitsa Ps sists ts
practice is held TO he preferable, for he reason
Of q shop, As regards tho goods which are packed
IN boxes; both In Great Britain an the United
States. the boxing, wo learn, is nearly always
better done in the latter country. tho boxes be-
ing stronger and more slightly.
torian merchants that the Germans bring their
goods to- the bnyers, while the British wait for
f; IN agents who display the greatest energy
less money than do their British Competitors,
and they are not put to the expense OF q largo
qnircment for business is a sample room. They
Nell directly to retailers and are content 10 take
H'l'T' Sse Of @% "Rn 70 s" Sesr SThSs s fors eGFm soS 1GT IL:
which trade largely in Victoria have established
yidual manufacturers. This is not the case, 10
so great an extent with the British. Many
british manufacturers whose goods are In com
mon demand are not represented at all, while
o'herh give their agencies to Victorian agencies.
who have many other interests, some OF which,
perhaps, conflict with those OF their English
principals; The effect of these differences il the
method OF establishing agencies is that many
= foreign goods are sent to Victoria on COusign'
mont by the manufacturers, while British goods
iorw rdCd are mainly those which have been
bought from the manufact ureTs in Great Brit
ain, ana which II is no ones int, rest snecially 20
put forward. A warehouse man In the colony,
with British and foreign goods. gains nothing