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The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1897-06-17
. Clark 4 Son. e
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Fancy silk band bows, I5c each.
Scotch band bows, zsc each.
SILKS.
A choice line Of Silks for dresses, waists
and trimmings at moderate prices are here.
TOWELS.
Big. heavy, bleached Turkish Towels IT
25c pair.
Heavy Huck Towels, age apiece.
Heavy Damask Towels, zsc apiece.
Heavy and large Huck Towels, aIc piece.
Laces and Ribbons.
Almost anything you might want in the
Ribbon or Lace line may be found in this
| stock.
Sundries.
| Smelling Salts, 2sc bottle.
| Colpate's Perfumes, 25c bottle.
| Elder Flower Soap, Ioc cake.
| Ladies' Tan Hose, pair for 25c.
Good Corset Covers, 2sc.
Night Gowns, 44c-
/ Ladies NlDDtu NSStS, ~ aPiSSSs
Ladies' Hose Supporters, Ioc pair.
Crepe Paper for Shades, 45c apiece.
Wash Dress Goods, &c yd.
Summer Corsets, 47c apiece.
Children's Tan Hose, 2 pair for 2sc.
Ladies' Linen Collars and Cuffs
In all the newest effects, from Ioc up.
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Table Linens.
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6S in. all linen bleached Damask at 7oc I'D
6S in. all linen Cream Damask at soc yd.
H. ]. CLARK & SON,
Bloomsbury, Pa.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1897-06-17
=. =. ROXS,
JEwEI.ER, BLOOMsBURG
J. e. ROYS.

School building on Wednesday night.
At the conclusion of the evenings
entertainment consisting ofrecitations,
dialogues, ETC., elegant refreshments
were served.
The commencement exercises by
the graduating class will take place in
the Opera House tonight. The fol-
lowing is the program
PROGRAM.
Overture ...... :. Bridal Rose...-.".. Lavallee.
Orchestra.
Invocation. ..Rey. 6. II. Hemingway.
Music, God Of the Nations "Il Trovatore"
Class.
Grafton, ..". The Influence OF the Crusades
Guy Sloppy.
Piano Solo, Schottische de Concert Engle-
man, ......Maud Barton.
Essay........ Hard Times. .......Anna kase.
Solo, ..... Past and Future...... .Dekoven.
Blanche Gross.
Recitation, -. The Famine. ..Longfellow
Anna Simon.
March. Vanity Fair ......... .Elwell.
Orchestra.
Presentation of Diplomas by the President
of the Board, ............Robert X. Little.
Waltz. ...............Zenda..... .Wltmark
Orchestra.
Recitation, g. The Curtain. Gertrude Rinker.
Music. .... Graduation Song........ Hamln.
Three Part Female Chorus.
Benediction. ....... Rev. G. II. Hemingway.
March go. .......El Captain. .Sousa.
| Orchestra.
CLASS OF 81.
Anna Kase, Mary Gertrude Rinker,
Joseph Guy Sleepy, George Jackson
Vanderslice, Annie Simon, Mary
Elizabeth Keller, Blanche Gross,
Margaret Elizabeth Hartzel,, Bertha
Agnes Kelly, Maud Guild Barton.
The Alumni banquet will take place
at the Exchange Hotel tomorrow
evening.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1897-06-17
COMMENCEMENT WEEK OF THE
BLOOMSBURY HIGH SCHOOL.

The Fifth Annual Commencement
of the Bloomsburg High School began
on Sunday evening last with a sermon
to the graduating class in the Presby-
terian Church. The building was
decorated with flowers and spruce.
The sermon was preached by the
pastor Rev. Hemingway, who took
for his subject the ID verse Of the IA
Psalm, and was preparatory to the
Commencement c exercises, which will
take place in the Opera House on
Thursday night, at which time the
graduating class will deliver their
orations and receive diplomas.
The Junior class held their annual
entertainment in the Opera House
Monday night, and was by far the
best ever given by the class. The
following program was rendered
The herald., 1897-08-15
Character of the Martians

Discussing the longmooted question
of the inha bitability of the planet Mars.
the London Spectator expresses the
opinion that all that can be said with
certainty is that, if sentient beings with
corporeal frames exist there the rela-
tions of the lungs. if the body cam
not be identical with their relation in
man, which, as is known. in the case of
fishes, is not an impossible exercise of the
imagination. The argument is that,
though the thermal income of Mars is
less than half that of the earth, and its
theoretical mean temperature-tafinS
into account its low reflective power per
unit of erals consequently thirty de-
grees centigrade below freezing, yet the
actual climate of Mars is mild; that
snow melts rapidly is patent to the tele-
scope; that vapor rises is clear from the
spectrum analysis; water flows, and
there are indications, il not proofs, that
sudden thawing of the snow. What
warns the air is not known, but that ii
is warmed admits Of no doubt; but the
cries as to the inevitableness of cold in
other worlds must be pronounced i'm
jerfect, as also those which aver the i'm
possibility of corporeal life.
The herald., 1897-08-15
Those Which Encompass
Constantinople
BUILT BY GREAT THEODOSIUS
BESIEGED BY MOHAMMED FIVE
CENTURIES AGO
Time and Earthquakes Have Been the
Greatest Enemies of These
Marvellous Creations

Special Correspondence to The Herald
CONSTANTINOPLE, July 2S.-The
eyes of the world have been turned on
this particular portion of Europe with
great interest of late. The wiles OF the
sultan in putting off the concert of pow
ers' demands in regard to the settlement
of the terms Of peace with Greece have
led to the report that the Pearl of the
Orient would be besieged In his walled
city and forced 10 accede to the de-
mands.
While the modern European armies
would doubtless find Constantinople and
it's walls an easy conquest, there was
time when for decades they proved an
impossible barrier. These walls are of
great historic interest, and a never end
ing source of wonderment to visitors.
The walk of between four and five miles
outside and along the landward walls of
Constan tinople is one of the historic
walks of Europe. The long double line
Of majestic towers, now dropping into
the quiet valley, and then rising as I'M u
stately march to the crest of the hill,
presents a scene picturesque and inspir-
ing that cannot be surpassed.
The history of Constantinople itself,
until its final capture in 1853 by the Otto
man Turks under the great Mohammed,
is little more than one long, continuous
record of the many sieges which these
famous walls have sustained. Twenty
three times-historic records say-have
the walls of Theodosius been long and
furiously besieged by Huns and Sclavs,
by Persians and Avars, by Arabs and
Bulgarians, by Russians, Genoese, and
Venetians by Crusaders and Latins and
Greeks, and finally by the Ottoman
Turks. The tremendous breaches those
warriors made are now flanked with
ivy and laburnum, acacias and Judas
trees.
The battlemented walls and the state
ly towers today stand silent. and all
around by moat and gate and tower
THE brake grows high where once the
legions trod." Where the neighboring
The herald., 1897-08-15

should 1t become frayed by use ehould
be placed aside Pieces of leader may be
joined together by first soaking the gut in
warm water and retieing. A good plan
! to prevent vexatious loss 10 to test all
leaders to stand strain of at least four
pounds.
The most vexatious question that pre-
serts itself to the trout angler is the one
of flies. OF course different waters re-
quire different flies The novice is apt
to select too many kinds of flies, yet it
is far better to have too large an assort
ment than too small one. The vet
erar frequently errs the other way, and
often confines himself to too limited an
assortment. The best selection of flies
will include the Grey Hackle, Brown
Hackle, Coachman, Professor, White
Miller Black Gnat, Cow Dung and Royal
Coachman. Much speculation has been
indulged as to why 50 wary fish as
trout will seize an artificial fly, which,
in great majority of cases, bears no re-
semblarc ce to anything on the waters OF
in them.
1t is true that most flies are intended
to represent particular insects but Of
ten those most clumsily made will do
A certain school of anglers contends
that study Of insect life is necessary to
successfully lure the fish, and that only
by initiating the insects that are habit
ual on the streams can success be at
tanned. The practical angler, how
ever, does not do much studying as to
the minutiae Of natural flies. He knows
that certain forms and colorS will take
fish in these waters, and other forms
and colors make good catches in those,
and with this knowledge he is contert.
The tackle manufacturers list several
hundred kinds of flies. probably twenty
would, do just as well.
The perfection of American fly tackle
Is in no instance better illustrated than
in the matter of linea The braided,
enameled fly line is by all means the
best. The ease with which it renders
through the guilds, its strength and
waterproof qualities all make it the
most desirable of fly lines. In size that
known as E is most used, although
some use heavier line because it casts
better against the wind. These lines
are made "level" and "tapered." The
level line is best in point Of utility
The herald., 1897-08-15

dividing Stamboul from Pera and Ga
lata; on the southern is the sea of Mar
mora. These are natural boundaries,
and 90 the city is limited by the sea and
it's inlet on all sides except the west
The western boundary of the city has
| for nearly 1900 years consisted of the
quadruple line of walls which the
Roman emperor, Theodosius III, con-
structed' in the year 412 of the Christian
era. These walls run almost directly
north and south from the citadel ana
palace of Blachernae on the Golden
Horn to the citadel of Heptapyrgion, or
Yedi Kouleh, or the Seven Towers, on
the sea of Marmora.
The citadel of Blachernae is fortif1ed
by the somewhat complex walls of Man
uel Comnenus, Heraclius and Leo the
Armenian; and it has five towers, OF
which those of Anemas and Isaac An
gelus are the most interesting and I'M
portant. In the eleventh and twelfth
centuries, under the emperors AleXius
and Manuel Comment and their success
sors, the palace of Blachernae became,
owing to its strong and beautiful posi-
ton. the favorite imperial residence.
Many historic and diplomatic scenes
have been witnessed within its massive
walls.
Historian and novelist alike record
that here were held the momentous in
terviews between the Greek emperor
Alexius Comnenus, Peter the Hermit,
the instigator, and Godfrey de Bouillon,
the leader, of the First Crusade, during G
the winter of 1O96-7. Here, too, in 1908,
the leaders of the Fourth Crusade car
ried on negotiations with the dethroned
emperor Isaac Angelus which resulted
in the assault and capture of the city by
the Crusaders under the blind old Vene-
tian dodge, Henry Dandalo, and the res
toration of the imprisoned monarch to
his throne.
The Tribunal of Valens or the So
called Palace of Belisarius-the great
general of observation-disclosures at the inner
corner of the Castellum or Citadel of
Blachernae, just where the long walls
and moat of Theodosius begin to run to-
wards the south. 1t is one of the few
remaining specimens of pure Byzantine
civil architecture, and upon this style
the Venetian palaces were probably
moulded.
From this point the moat and the long
line of Theodosian walls begins and ex-
tends to the Marmora, nearly four miles
away. The inner wall, about thirty-six
feet high and sixteen feet thick, was
fianked with one hundred and sixteen
towers about one hundred and fifty feet
apart, and of this number hundred re-
main. The outer wall, about thirty one
feet high and thirteen feet thick, was
supported by seventy eight smaller
towers of various forms-round, square,
hexagonal and octagonal, and placed
equidistant from the larger towers. OF
these, seventy-one either wholly OF
partly are still to be seen.
The moat is from sixty-three to sixty
five feet wide. AS it is now partly filled
with mould, it's original depth cannot be
stated with certainty, but near the
Marmora, in front of the Golden Gate, its
depth today is more than thirty-two
feet. Its present function, for nearly its
whole length, is that Of a series of
profitable vegetable gardens. The moat
The herald., 1897-08-15

as you can and quietly but quickly put
the net under him. Don't f1aunt your net
as If you were leading charge in battle.
In playing your fish be sure you al
ways keep a taut line on him, or he
will surely disentangle himself. 1t
should be the anglers endeavor to al
ways keep his rod in a position that he
may strike. If the rod is held too near
the perpendicular the power to strike
is almost wholly lost and there is dam
ger of breaking the rod should large
fish hook himself If bait is used, grass
hoppers, worms and the white grubs
that are found beneath the bark of de-
cayed spruce and pine trees are good,
but for big fish there is nothing like
minnows. In using bait a plain hook
should be used 1t is now conceded
that to fish down straem is by far the
best plan.
In doing this care should be taken not
to roll the water unnecessarily, for 1t
disturbs the fish below. Fish lie with
their heads up stream, and were it not
for the fact that the flies float loosely
back upon the caster in working up
stream it would undoubtedly be best
to fish that way. In downstream fish
ing it is necessary to make longer casts,
because the fish can see the angler bet
ter. Do not get upon high rock or
bank If it can be avoided, because the
position is too conspicuous. 1t has come
to be accepted that bright flies are best
on dark days, and vice versa.
The coachman is considered a good
general fly, and is especially good in
the evening, together with white
miller. Oftentimes the evening affords
the best sport of the day, especially in
the full of the moon, when the fish seem
to rise at everything that falls upon the
water. Night fishing is not considered
sportsmanlke, and in some states it is
prohibited. An excellent cast is made
up of a gray hackle, brown hackle and
coachman. The flies should be tied on
hooks from No. to No II, and the size
should be varied in accordance to the
waters that are being hshed.
The herald., 1897-08-15

is also divided into many rectangular
sections by transverse walls, a work
rendered necessary by the declivity of
the ground to prevent the water from
running into the valley
In these walls there were formerly
fourteen gates, seven of which were pub
lie gates, and the other seven were mill
tary gates. One of the most interesting
and important of the public gates to keep
up communication with the outside
world was the Edirneh Kapusi, OF
Adrianople Gate.
After descending the valley and cross
ing the River Lycus. which is, however,
now but a small stream, it is evident
from the battered state Of the walls and
Of both lines Of towers that here the city
has been subjected to some of its severest
and most successful assaults. Close at
hand is the Top Kapusi or the Cannon
Gate, so called because 1t was here that
Mohammed, in the last great siege of
1853, placed his largest cannon, which
discharged both stone and iron balls OF
enormous size and weight Some of
these balls may be seen even today lying
in the moat and placed above the gates
The real name of the Cannon Gate is
the Gate of ST. Romanus. Near it, on
the fatal morning of May 20, 1853, Con-
stantine XII, the last of the Greek en-
perors, made his final stand, and fell.
fighting to the end. And an hour or two
afterwards the victorious Mohammed
passed through this gate and entered
triumphant into the great and beautiful
city.
Over one of the public gates little to
the north of Selivri Kapusi is a some
what vaunting Latin inscription, which
reads in English thus: by the COM
mand of Theodosius, Constantine,
placed these strong fortifications in
their position in less than two months
Scarcely would Pallas herself have built
fortress SO strong in time so short
Most of the gates and some of the towers
bear like inscriptions in Greek and Latin
to commemorate victories or reconstruc-
tions. One reads: '"The Fortune of Con-
stantinus, our God-protected sovereign,
triumphs." And. another: John Pa
laeologus, emperor in Christ"
There is, perhaps, not more beauti-
full and comprehensive view of the land
ward walls than that which presents
itself to one who, having walked from
the Selivri Kapusi about quarter OF
a mile towards the Marmora, turns ana
looks back upon his path. The gaunt
and defiant line of towers, so white
where on the horizon they meet the DARK
clump of stately Expresses. is inexpres-
sibly beautiful in the springtime, when
the air is laden with the fragrance Oh the
earth and the scent of the neighporlng
sea; for tower and wall and counter
scarp are all clothed with the f1rst fresh
pink and snowy bloom of almond trees,
acacias and judas trees, the laburnum's
dropping wells Of golden fire" and the
early green of the clinging ivy.
And now we are nearing the end of
tho long line. Viewed from the north
western aspect. the citadel of the seven
towers, the continuation of walls to the
seacoast, the deep lapie-lazuh blue of
the Marmora itself, with the purple
mountains Of Bythnia beyond. combine
The herald., 1897-08-15
AN ABSENT-MINDED WOMAN
She Drops in 95 Cents for Street
Car Ride

SdI 1slu0
Even Sioux City has absent-minded
people within its borders, says the Trib-
une of that place.
Stories of a man looking through a
closet for pair of trousers which he has
on; of the inveterate smoker turning
over everything in his office in search
of the pipe which he holds between his
teeth, and of the citizen who chases
back home orl cold winters morning
after he has nearly reached his place of
business to find his spectacles which are
properly adjusted to his nose, are stories
which are heard in every town.
The incident Of absent mindednes
which is here related is quite out of the
ordinary, and belongs exclusively to
Sioux City and to the fair sex. Recently
well-known woman living ON hill
street boarded car for down town. She
searched in her pocketbook for nickel.
but could find nothing less than silver
dollar. She pushed this through the
"change" opening in the door and the
motorman returned her dollar in small
coins. She selected cent piece from
the handful of money and held on to it
tenaciously while she went to good
deal of trouble to drop the 95 cents into
the fare slot.
The mistake was discovered by the
motorman, who heard the avalanche Of
small money rafting on the glass slide
in the box, and, after calling the atten-
tlor of the woman to the mistake, gave
her a receipt for 80 cents, which was
eventually returned to her
The herald., 1897-08-15

Marmora, on summer day like pave
ment of turquoise. washes with her
quiet blue waters the marbled seaward
towers many proud and classic navies
have shouted and grappledl underneath
cloudleGs skies. Many a royal argosy
lies far beneath the tranquil surface,
many a navy of the days of old.
The great earthquake which occurred
in Constantinople two years ago did lit
tie damage to st. Sophia, but did not
permit the famous and picturesque walls
to remain uninjured. I noted after
wards that the Golden Gate of the Seven
Towers and the Edirnen Kapusi--the
Adrianople Gate-suffered especially;
but nature, as if trying to make amends,
has already begun to heal over the naked
wounds with her kindly and prolific
growth of ivy and creepers.
The imperial city of Constantine the
Great Is in the form of a triangle
blunted at the apex. which is named
seraglio point, and lies towards the east
On the northern side b the Golden Horn,
The herald., 1897-08-15

The stewards in the Methodist churc
at Albertsville, Ala, finding their churc.
revenues insufficient, have levied an an
nual tax of $40 on each tobacco chewing
member OF the congregation. The plan
is said to work admirably.
Daily camera., 1897-08-23
Mexico's Silver Argument.

A more complete argument IN favor OF
silver could not be formulated than is
presented in the facts of the situation in
Mexico at the present time, says the
Leadvillle Herald Democrat. The i'm
porting interests alone seem to suffer, but
they represent such small part of the
industrial activities of the nation as to be
completely lost sight of in the vast and
varied prosperity around them.
There is nothing in this dispatch to in.
dicate weakening of Mexico's faith in
her financial system. Rather. bankers,
manufacturers, business men, miners and
producers generally see in the deprecia'
ton of their money, only increased de-
velopment of home industry in every
direction.
1t will require but a very few years of
these advantages to make Mexico entire.
ly ind pendent Of her foreign creditors.
God flows there eagerly in order to profit
by the greater opportunities for invest
ment that the country affords. Mexico
is country which holds its immigrants
as tenaciously as any other on the globe
because, on the whole, everything condu-
Give to permanent residence is found
there. Nature there appears at her best
and the advantages of civilization such
as postal and travelling facilities, the
press, orderly government, society, ETC.,
are already established and will rapidly
move abreast of the best under the stim-
ulus of prosperous, contented people.
Daily camera., 1897-08-23
AmusementS.

The idea Of a company giving continu-
Gus performances will be new one to
the amusement goers of this city, and
there is no doubt but that it will leap at
once into popular favor here as it has in
all other places where the people are at
all up to date and metropolitan in their
tastes. People go to a theatre to forget
their cares and be amused. But if there
is anything that will produce the reverse
effect and cause the spectres of past
troubles and possible misfo1tunes to rise
like swarm of Klondyke mosquitoes, it
is scrub orchestra or a tired piano
player who's only thought is II o'clock
and salary day. The Bittner Theatre
company is the first and only travelling
organization so far to eliminate those
Objectionable features from their per-
formances. Instead of having musicians
Manager Bittner has engaged clever
specially artists, who entertain the audi
ence with the latest songs, dances and
eccentricities between acts. An addition
al feature, to their part of the program is
the Telegraph which is said to be the
most perfect moving picture machine
yet manufactured. All the jumping,
vibrative and blurring common to all
other picture machines has been entirely
one away with and every detail of a
scene is produced with life.like correct
ness. The companys engagement is for
three nights commencing Thursday Aug.
26. The opening play will be BARLEY
Cambells highly successful comedy.
"The Millionaire's Wife," There will be
an entire change of play, pictures and
specialties each evening. Seats tor
Thursday evening are now on sale at the
Parlor Drug Store.
Daily camera., 1897-08-23
HURRAH FOR THE WAVE,

President Mckinley Shows That Republi.
can Rule is Responsible.
New York, Aug. 23-An interview with
President Mckinley at Lake Champlain
has been, made public. The president
says that the present western boom is
due to the large crops at home and scar
city OF grain abroad. But he says that
the general prosperity now reported
from all sections and especially from
the east cannot be accounted for in anv
other way than by the protective tariff
and wise Republican policy. The tariff
will increase the prosperous condition of
the country. he says. and the people will
soon realize that the country will remain
prosperous under the wise protective
policy,
Daily camera., 1897-08-23
Loop Excursion, Thursday, Aug. 26.

The Gulf Road will run another of
those ever popular Loop excursions on
Thursday, Aug. 10th. The rates will be
as low as usual and the train arrange
ment the same as for former excursions.
This excursion is to be run on a week
day to enable great number of people,
who are averse to taking Sunday excur-
sions, to enjoy the most delightful one
day trip in Colorado.
Those who have not already taken this
trip and are not acquainted with its de.
lights should procure copy Of "A Day
in the canons," published by the Gull
Road, which may be had upon spplica'
ton to any agent Of the Gulf.
If you have not seen the bills announc'
ing this excursion, the rates and trair
arrangements, and are interested in thu
subject, please consult the Gulf agent.