davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-07-18
THE ANTIQUITY or WAMPUM.

II is not necessary however, with due defer
nee TO Mr. Reauchamp, to deny good old age
10 shell beads among the IroquOis, or TO assume
that the wampum, which was the medium OF
exchange between the whites and Indians. ana
long a lawful currency between the whites was
a white mans product. The Iroquois being an
inland people, might well have made a lafSe
use of small white fresh-water shells but there
was lively Intercourse between the abollSih"S
all over the country. and wampum maze 81
shclls has been found in ancient graves on tn
Pacific Coast as we'll as in the sepulchral
tumuli Of the ohio and Mississippi valleys.
In all probability the little white and purple
cylindrical shell beads which the Eastern Ind
i,ne used as money and for ornament Wer'
made by all the tribes along the Atlantic Coaf'
,ouc before the coming of the whites. They
,,ould naturally be most plentiful on the coast
but they woulG also reach the interior OF the
country in the way Cf barter. DIR. Brlnton say
there was traffic between the Indians OF TN
Atlantic and Pacific coasts when Hudson as
ended the river named after him. some years
lgo ! was told in Brantford Ontario, that a
scientific man had examined a belt presented t'
, citizen of that city by the Six Nations lol
his Ia bors in behalf Of the monument to Chlei
Rrant (Which is that city's principal orhamehp
and had declared that ii WAS not only extremely
old but that its beads were made of sh'li
which were native To- the Columbia River or
;hr Pacific Coast But. of course, this anecdot
: not necessarily evidence. | did not nVeSt
ate the case being aft-r music not wampun
Nampum beads were accepted for fares on tn.
Brooklyn ferry as late as 1898. and were still
N circulation in w-England in the early
ears of the eighteenth century.
THE MEANING OF THE BELTS.
Hut il is not with shell money that we are
concerned. but with the memorial usages to
which the shell beads were put. The wampui"
belts were unouestionably records, and the de
signs upon them had symboilcal slghihcahceS'
That they were ever much more than aids to
memory 10y way of association may be doubted
although the Indians themselves profess to be
lieve that they conveyed information with great
defniteness Mr.. Beauchamp's comments on
John Bucks Interpretation and of the differ
ance between the readings of to-day and fifty
wears ago indicate how much vagueness has
crept into this part of the subject Morgan, in
his Ancient Society says:
They dive the wampum of various cOlOrs, and
shades and mix and dispose them with great IN
genuity and order, 50 as To be Significant
among themselves or almost eVerythins ,neA
please; so that by these their words are kept
and their thoughts communicated to one an
other, ours by writing. The belts mat pass
from one nation to another In all treaties,
declarations and important transactions are
very carefully preserved in the cabins of their
chiefs, and serve not only as a KIND or record
or history. but as public treasure According
to the Indian conception, these belts could tell,
by means Of an interpret ter. the exact rule, pro-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-07-18

visiop or transaction talked into them at the
,,no M which they were the exclusive record:
t'' strand Of wampum consisting of purple and
white shells. or belt woven with hgures
formed by beads Of different colors opeTateu ~,
with n particular string or figure, thus giving d
serial arrangement to the facts as wei as
fidelity to the memory. These STRANDS anu peto
,varn Inc only visible records OF the Iroquois:
but they required those trained interpreters, VINO
could draw from their strings and figures the
acts and ntentions) locked up in their reinem-
brance.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-07-18
PAYMENT FOR MURDER.

1t may be, moreover. that the use of the wam-
pun strings at the cOndolng council has still
another significance in connection with death
The IroquOis, though they permitted the nearest
relative of a murdered person to take the law
in his own hands and avenge the murder, also
permitted the crime to be compounded for in
wampum David Cusick. in his history pub
lished in lS25), quantity says:
If a man commits murder. the nearest rela
tive of the slain dispatches the murderer with
a war club; the slain and the murderer are put
into one grave Sometimes the relation of the
offender present a belt Of white wampum to
make the atonement H. f.. *.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-07-18

would probably feel himself deferred by the
element Of reasonable doubt in the evidence
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-07-18

The Rev. Mr. Beauchamp's letter suggests
the propriety of some additional notes on the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
WOMEN A FACTOR.
Large Vote Cast by Them in Kansas
Towns

TOPEKA, Kan, April 6.-The women OF
Kansas were an important factor in today's
municipal elections and a large percentage
OF the vote everywhere was polled by the
women. In four of the six frst-class cities
OF the state the Republicans were victorious
Topeka, the Republican stronghold, went Re
publican by about 1900 which shows a
and Atchison the Republican tickets were
elected by small majorities and in Kansas
City, Kan, Robert S. Marshall Republi
is elected mayor by probably 500 majority
and the Republicans elected a majority Of
their candidates. Leavenworth elected Dem
ocratic mayor, owing to Republican split
and at Fort Scott the fusionists elected a
majority of their candidates.
In several of the second-class cities, how
liquor law vital issue. The returns how
ever are not altogether fattering TO the
women. Seneca secured a decided Prohibition
victory, but Girard Stockton and Larned
other towns in which decided fight against
the Jofnists was made, the wet element
was victorious. The town of Galena went
Democratic. Republican victories are re-
ported from Hutchinson, kngman, yelling
ton. Eldorado, Burlington, Eureka Columbus
Belleville and Hiawatha.
LEAVENWORTH. KAN April 6-John Ed
wards, Democrat was elected mayor today
A split on the Republican candidate scattered
the Republicans. other Offices were divided
between the two parties.
Topeka, Kan. April e.-Mayor Fellows
Republican. was reelected by 1,500 majority
as was the entire Republican ticket. The
contest was between a straight Republican
ticket and a fusion ticket
Wichita Kan. April e-The entire Re
publican city ticket was elected by small ma
jorities.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

the demonstration, presented a copy
of the resolutions to the king at the
palace, crying, Long live war" The
crowd was so enthusiastic that it
invaded the vestibule of the palace and
the guard of soldiers on duty had
great difficulty in controlling the peO-
pie.
This evening every one in the city
is parading, and the scene is one of ex-
traOrdinary animation. There are illu-
limitations everywhere, and OH all sides
are to be heard cheers for war for
the king and for Crete.
A vast concourse of people still re
mains in front of the royal palace, call
ing upon King George to show himself.
Several shots were fired in the very
center of the crowd and a Gordon Of
troops were drawn around the palace
Immediately. Thousands are now list
ening to one Of the most popular and
eHectiVe Greek orators, who is speaking
in Constitution square in favor of war.
There is great excitement over the
news that a blockade of the Piraeus
is imminent, but there are no disturb
anceS.
Each Of the foreign representatives
have handed NM. Skouzes, the Greek
minister of foreign affairs, the follow,
ing note: THE undersigned in accord
ance with instructions from his govern
ment, has the honor to announce to NM
Skouzes, the minister Of foreign affairs
for the Greek government, that in case
OF armed conflict on the Greco-Turkish
frontier all responsibility will rest with
the aggreSSOrs. He is also instructed
to say that whatever results may arise
from such conflict the powers are
firmly resolved to maintain the general
peace, and have decided not to allow
the aggressOr in any event to reap the
slightest benefit from his action"
The ambassadors at Constantinople
have presented to the Sublime
Porte a note similar to the foregoing.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
MR.. HARLANS GAME FIGHT A FEATURE.
Aldermanic Result Almost Clean Sweep for the
Party Which Carried the City for
the Head of It's Ticket.

cured a heavy vote from men who
would have voted for the regular Re-
publican nominee had it not been that
they wished to express their opinion Of
the machine. He drew some votes from
the Democratic party, but not many,
the main part of his strength coming
from the Republican voters.
The vote of Hesing was largely from
the Germans and came from both
parties. He was the nominee Of the
gold Democrats, although he went be-
fore the people on a business mans
platform. The Democrats had an ex-
cellent organization, their campaign
was handled well, and, as the Republi-
can ranks were hopelessly split, the
result was never In much doubt al
though Harlan, Sears and Hesing all
The leaders of the Republican ma
chine were not quite as hopeful as they
claimed to be, and 1t is said on ex-
cellent authority that Sears was quiet
ly traded for Roy O. West, the Republi-
can candidate for city attorney.
The campaign was fought for the
most part on strictly local issues, al
though the Democrats had a silver
plank in their platform.
Carter H. Harrison is the son and
namesake of the late Mayor Harrison,
who was assassinated during the clos
ing days of the worlds fair. The pop
ularity of his father was an immense
advantage to the mayor-elect in his
campaign and contributed to the VIC
tory of today. Mr.. Harrison is thirty
seven years old and has never before
held a political Office. He was edu-
Gated at Heidelberg and Yale. During
the greater part of his business career
he has been associated in the real
estate business with his brother, Pres
ton Harrison, but was business man
ager of the Chicago Times during the
four years the Harrison family owned
that paper.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
CRUMB OF COMFORT.
Republicans Manage to Elect a May
or I'm st. Louis.

ST. LOUIS, Mo-, April 6-The Re
publicans carried the city today, their
mayoralty candidate, Henry Zeigen-
helm, being elected by a plurality
which will probably be ,0O0 With the
exception Of four members of the house
of delegates, the entire Republican
ticket went through. Zeigenheim polled
about the normal Republican vote. The
Democrats were badly split and lost
votes to the Republicans. Incomplete
returns from the state show Demo-
cratic victories. The silver question
has entered largely into the contest.
Returns from 200 of the 426 voting
precincts in the city give Henry
Ziegenheim, Republican, for mayor,
%, $50; Edwin Harrison. regular Demo-
crat, 9,839; Lee Merriweather. indie
pendent Democrat, 1870. Zeigenhein's
plurality so far, 12,751.
Jefferson City, Mo, April 6.-The
Democrats elected the mayor and
marshal the Republicans the remain
der of the offices. The Republican ma
jorities were greatly reduced.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
WISCONSIN OUTCOME.
Marshall Elected Associate Justice
to Succeed Himself.

MILWAUKEE, Wis, April 6.-Wis-
consin voters reelected without oppo-
sition, Roujet D. Marshall, an associate
justice of the supreme court, to succeed
himself. The term for which he was
chosen today will begin in January,
1898, and continue until January 1908.
The vote in his case was light, many
electors not taking the trouble to mark
an X after his name, because they knew
he was sure of election. Judge Good
land, of the Tenth circuit, and Judge
Bardeen, of the Sixteenth circuit, were
re- elected without opposition.
In the Seventeenth circuit, however,
the fight was as hot as could be asked
for by the most ardent partisan Judge
Bailey, who launched several sultry
sensations during the campaign. had a
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

CHICAGO, April 6.-The mayoraIty
election today resulted in a decisive
victory for the Democratic party, it's
candidate, Carter Harrison, having
more votes than all the other candi-
dates combined.
At midnight the available figures
gave Sears, Republican, 6O,JOO; Harri-
son, Democrat, 14S,O00; Harlan, Inde-
pendent, 1900; Hesing, Independent,
1S, 600.
The Democrats made a clean sweep
of all the town offices in The West town
and North town, and PROBABLY in the
South town also, although the Repub-
licans have a fighting chance to get
an assessor in that part of the city.
OF the thirty-four aldermen, the re-
turns point to the election of twenty
six Democrats, four Republicans and
four Independents. Three Of these In
dependents are Democrats who went
upon the ticket by petition.
Harrison gained heavily in the ban
ner Republican wards, carrying the
Thirty fourth by 5,O19, against 4,2S1 for
Harlan and 3,434 for Sears. This ward
gave Mckinley a majority of 5000 last
fall. The Third, Fourth and Twelfth
wards, always Republican strongholds,
were also carried by Harrison.
1t was apparent at midnight that
| Harrison had beaten Sears, the regular
Republican candidate, by from So, 900
to 10000 votes. At the last mayoralty
election Swift's vote was 14S, ,407 against
1929 for Wenter, Democrat. In the
presidential election Mckinley had 2OO,
747, against 144,736 for Bryan.
The feature of the election was the
| strength shown by Harlan. He ran
second to Harrison and although he
! had only an independent organization
behind him. secured more votes than
the regular Republican candidate
Judge Nathaniel Sears. One thing tha,
helped Harlan greatly was that Sears
was looked upon as being the nominee
Of the Republican machine, which has
grown unpopular in the ranks of the
local Republican party. Harlan Sc
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
BULLETIN 9F~
- n 49,
THESTI PRNk GH0BE!
FROM I HIS Room.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL Z, 1897.
Weather for Today
Fair, Followed by Showers

PAGE L.
Ch1cago Goes Heavily Democratic.
General Slump to Democracy.
st. Louis Mayor a Republican,.
The Result in Wisconsin.
Village Elections in Minnesota.
The Greeks Celebrate.
PAGE 2.
Proposed Republican Gerrymander.
Wine and Women.
PAGE 8.
News of Minneapolis.
jameson Raid Leader Obstinate.
Floods in the Northwest.
Mississippi River Flood.
PAGE 4.
Editorial.
orditfOn of the Banks.
Turks Must Settle Claims.
PAGE s.
Douglas Distance Bill Dead.
The Mountain Iron Report.
Very Busy Day in the Senate.
PAGE 9.
Bar Silver, 81 3-4c.
Stocks Steady and Unchanged.
Seasons Lake Rates.
Senate Discusses Cuba.
PAGE z.
Address to- Minnesota Farmers.
Hard Shots at ScOrchers.
Wants of the People,
PAGE 8.
River Reaches Its Limit.
Supreme Court Resumes Work.
A Strike on at BOhn;s.
Social News of st. Paul.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
DENVER CONTEST.
Thirteen Tickets in the Field in the
Colorado. Town.

DENVER, COL. April 6.-The mayora-ty con-
test today was warm one. There were thir-
teen tickets in the fed and three candi-
dates confidently expected to be elected II
was a victory for the present incumbent
Thomas McMurray, a silver Republican who
was running on an independent ticket against
Democrat and a straight Republican. His
plurality was from 1900 to 5000. The rest
OF the city offices are in doubt.
The weather throughout Colorado today was
pleasant and large vote was cast. Outside
of Denver the issues were in most cases
local. At Leadville the election was one OF
the most exciting in the city's history, issue
being sharply drawn between the miners
union, which supported the Populist ticket,
and the Democratic and Republican forces
united as citizens ticket. The result was
a decisive victory for the citizens ticket
Dickinson, Democrat receiving 1150 majority.
Reports from Colorado Springs at midnight
say the result is In doubt, there being a
difference Of only few votes in the count up
to that hour. At midnight the indications at
Cripple Greek are that the fusion ticket has
won.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
GREETING FROM BRYAN.
Late Democratic Nominee Sends
Greeting to Harrison.
WASHINGTON April 6-Hon

WASHINGTON, April 6.-Hon w. J,
Bryan tonight sent the following con-
gratulatory telegram:
Warrington, D. c., April 6.-Hon.
Carter Harrison, Chicago: Accept con-
gratulations upon your magnificent vic
tory. The elections in Chicago, Gin
cinnati, Detroit and other cities in
dicate a decided change in public senti-
ment since November.
w II Rrvor
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
IN MINNESOTA.
Results of a Generally Mixed Char
acter.

Special to the Globe
HASTINGS, Mimi, April 6.--The city cleo
tion held here today was a lively one al
though an unusually light vote was polled,
so many foreign-born citizens having failed
to take their second papers out in time. Mayor
George Parker, Republican, reelected
without opposition, and ]. P. Sommers, Re-
publican, city clerk. Peter Fasbender, Demo-
crat, was re-elected assessor, and Isaac Lyt-
tie, Republican, street comm .ssioner. ]. c.
Hartin Republican, was elected chief Of DO
lice. Aldermen. Fred Busch Democrat; Bat
Steffen Democrat, and c. w. Westerson, Re-
publican, are reelected in the Fourth. Second
and Fourth wards and Peter Scot, Populist,
and J. F. Cavanaugh, Democrat, are the new
members from the third
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
RHODE ISLAND ELECTION.
State Ticket Is to BE Voted for To
day.

PROVIDENCE, r. l., April 6.-The annual
election Of state officers of Rhede Island will
be held tomorrow, and tonight there seems
to be no doubt that the election of the full
Republican ticket Is assured The Democrats
held no closing rally. for the avowed reason
that they realized theyt had no hopes CT
electing any Of their candidates. The fight
has narrowed down to the assembly, in this
city. but further than that it now seems
probable that there. will be little interest
1t is predicted that the tosal- vote tomorrow
will not exceed 45 900, against more than 50-
600 a year ago. AT that time Gov Lippett
had a plurality Of more than 11,c0o.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
MOVEMENTS OF STEAMSHIPS.

NEW YoRK-sailed: Bowie, LiverpOol
Lain, Bremen. Arrived: Tauric, Liverpool;
Norge, Philadelphia; Friesland, Antwerp
LfVERPOOL-Arrived: Corinthia, Boston.
Observation-Disclosures: Vendam, New
York.
MARSEILLES-Arr California New
York,
BREMEN-Arrived: Weimar. New York.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
ST. LOUIS THE OTHER WAY
The Republican Candidate for
Mayor the Successful One in
the Missouri Metropolis.
Turning of the Tide Toward De-
mOcracy Indicated by Returns
of the Various Elections.
f-fzN/

CHICAGO, April 6.-The total vote
for mayor with fifteen precincts miss
ing is: Sears Rep) 58,45O; Harrison
Oem), 1882; Hesing Qnd.), 15,349;
Harlan Qnd), 66,44S; Harrison's plur-
ality, 75,434; Harrisons majority, l.
62h. n
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
Democratic Victories

SCHENECTADY. N " April e.-The town
elections In Schenectady county today result
ed in Democratic victories, with two excep-
tons. Last fall every town in the county
gave Republican piuraf:ties.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

Canton, President McKinley's home,
Democratic; Springfield. Gov. Bush
nells home, Democratic; Cleveland,
Senator Hanna's home, Republican. 1t
is easy to guess the name of the big
gest Republican in Ohio
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

Theodore Roosevelt has been named
as assistant secretary of the navy. This
is evidently because he made such a
hot fight for water in New York city.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

The Prince of Wales has sold his
yacht Britannia to James Gordon Ben
nett. Mr.. Bennett runs a fast news
paper and is entitled to a fast yacht.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

Gen. Harrison refuses to be inter
viewed on the Dingley tariff bill, but
he is vigorously reading the election
returns and doing a lot of thinking.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
EVENTS TODAY.

BTet-Margaret Mather, 2.3O, s.15.
Gd-ShOwman's Daughter, 2.3O, S.15.
CapitOl-LegisIature 10.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

at Lincoln, Neb., when it was learned
that Canton, O., had gone Democratic.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

The election in Detroit was Pingree's
first defeat. Has the peachbIow states
man started on the bitter downward
road of politics?
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

The result of the Chicago election
seems to indicate that Carter H. Har-
rison had the most popular father
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

commissioner Of indian affairs. Don't
run your bicycle anywhere near him.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

The president named lot of gentle
men for good offices yesterday. Mime
sofa gave Mckinley a plurality of 53,-
600, but he doesn't seem to know this
state is on the map.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

Bryan and Mckinley shook hands in
the White house yesterday. The Incl
dent passed off quietly" and had no
political significance.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
Special to the Globe.

Special to the Globe.
LA CROSSE, Wis, April 6.-McCord, Re
publican, is undoubtedly elected mayor.
Powell, the independent, threw his immense
influence against Murray, the Democrat, there
by polling his previous votes for McCord.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

Gen. Coppinger declined to come to
st. Paul from Omaha From what
species of insanity is Coppinger suffer-
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

any other one thing on earth, but it
won't take ridges out of bicycle paths
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

Mayor Doran can get an idea of what
will happen in st. Paul next spring
by looking at the Chicago election re-
turns
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
Snecial to the Globe.

Special to the Globe.
EAU CLAIRE, Wis, April 6.-The city
was carried today by Democrats w. II. Fraw-
ley being elected mayor by 200 majority; B.
S. Phillips, treasurer The Republicans elect
T. P. Cochrane city clerk. The majority of
the council is Democratic. Meager returns
from the Seventeenth judicial circuit indicate
the election of James O'Neil, OF Neillsvine,
and defeat of Judge William F. Bailey.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
Special to the Globe.

FARIBAULT, Mimi, April 6.-T1le follow
ing is the result Of the city election held here
today: Mayor-Keyes, Republican, 726; Bar
ton, Democrat, 399 Aldermen-First ward
Parshall, Republican, 125; Wall, Democrat, ,195 (;
Second ward, Orne, Republican, 1884, Noes
Democrat, 103; Third ward, Fink, Republi-
can, 2G7, no opposition; Fourth ward, Volz
Republican, Sc; Kasper, Democrat, 157 Jus
tices of the Peace-Palmer, Republican, 5G6 :
Mcmahon, Republican, 372; Donahue, Demo-
erat, 652; LIE Crone, Democrat, 627.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07

AS was expected, Chicago declared
emphatically that it did not want
Wash.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-04-07
Special to the Globe

q
NEW RICHMOND, Wis, April 6-Hon.
William F. McNally, gold Democrat. is re-
elected mayor without opposition, also Hib-
bard, Republican, treasure. Beal, Republi-
can, defeated Wears, Peoples, by 8 votes for
alderman in the Fourth ward. Frizzel, Re-
publican defeated Allen, Peoples, by 10 votes
in the Second ward, and Leading, Peoples,
defeated Villa, Republican, by o votes in the
Third ward. Bell, Republican, defeated DON
ahue, Peoples, by II votes for supervisor in
the Second ward, while Supervisor Dodge
Republican, and Benson Republican, were
elected with no opposition,
The city gives Arnquist for county Judge
1SO majority. No license carried by 80 ma
jorily.