davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen., 1897-11-19
Fattening YearIing Lambs.

Both sheep and lambs are much
higher than year ago. Hence there
is less inducement for farmers to buy
sheep and lambs to fatten. With so
good prospects for wool it is likely that
sheep and lambs will be dear for some
time to come. Still, those who like a
spring lamb will have it, no matter
what the price, and the fattened lamb
year old is quite as good as that
dressed when only three or four months
old. 1t requires more careful feeding
to keep these yearling lambs in fatten-
ing condition than it does three or four
Sear-old sheep. But the lamb when well
fed will gain twice as many pounds per
week as the sheep. and the gain in price
per pound will be considerably higher
American Cultivator.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
scorched GraIn for Hens.

Where hens are fed large amounts of
corn newly husked, and not thoroughly
dried, their digestive apparatus be-
comes disordered. This is often rem
edied by heating the corn to the point of
scorching Hens will eat this scorched
corn quite readily, and they will be
better for it. But partly-burned oats,
where the hulls are burned off and only
the blackened grains are left, are even
better than scorched corn. This is
really the best way to feed oats to hens.
The hulls make the food more bulky
than is best for them, as their crops are
limited, and the light, chaffy grain does
not give sufficient nutrition for the best
.gg production cn.-American Cultivator.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
FIGHTING HOG LICE.
Few Remedies Which Have Been
Employed SuccessfuIIy,

- <" RCAhCuIcS w nave bCeh
Employed Successfully.
We have within the last few days re-
ceived numerous complaints from farm
ers that their hogs, and especially pigs,
were unusually lousy this year. A good
many farmers have wondered what was
the matter that the pigs became un-
thrifty, and some of the pigs, and oc-
casionlly an older one, have died APP
parently from no other cause. An ex-
animation shows that the unthrifty
ones are lousy beyond expression, and
if any of our readers have pigs of this
kind and will examine them, they will
very likely discover the same condition
to exist; plenty of lice on the unthrifty,
comparatively few on the thrifty.
The hog louise is one of the largest
species of lice known to infect domestic
animals, full grown individuals, accord
ing to Prof. Osborn, sometimes meas
uring a quarter Of an inch or more in
length, all gray colored with the margin
of the head and most of the abdomen
black. The eggs are light yellow, or
dusky whitish, in color, and taper
slightly to the point of attachment
They are attached usually near the
base of the hairs.
The best remedy we have ever heard
of for small pigs is to dip them in a to-
bacco dip. Some farmers prefer kero-
sene oil and water in the proportion of
one to four, pick the pigs up and dip
them in it up to the ears. A second
dipping few days afterwards may be
necessary to get rid of the nits at the
time of the first dipping. Another
method is to mix kerosene and lard and
apply it to the older hogs, and especial
~ to the parts behind the ears, inside
the thighs. and wherever else the ver-
min can harbor. A probable reason
why they are so plentiful this year is
on account of the wetness of the sea-
son, which prevents hogs from getting
to fine dust.
Dust, ashes and powdered charcoal
applied to the neck and back of the
animal will generally do the business.
In one way or another the farmer
should take action at once to free his
herd from these pests. There is no good
that can possibly come from harboring
lot of vermin like this on the hogs.
Corn is cheap, but it is entirely too dear
to feed lot of lice. 1t is barely possi
BILE that some cases supposed to be
cholera in little pigs is nothing but
lice, the lice reducing the thrift of the
animal and making it prey to what
ever diseases may come along that have
outward symptoms that may be mis-
taken for the genuine cholera.-Rural
World.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
DANGER FROM DROUGHT.
New System of Cultivation by Which
1t May Be MinImized.

1t May Be MinImized.
Those who have studied the conserva-
ton of moisture in the soil claim to be
able to raise summer crops almost with
out rainfall during their growing pc
riod. Summed up in few words, their
method consists of deep plowing. thor
bugh preparation and then frequent
stirring of the surface. In other words,
keeping a mulch of dust on the soil.
Those who have succeeded best make a
rule to stir their surface every time
there is enough rainfall to cause the
forming of crust. But it is probable
that In the long dry spells even oftener
than that would pay. Moisture escapes
from the earth through little thread
like pipes, which are formed as soon as
the ground begins to die. If the top
soil is frequently stirred these pipes or
tubes are bEoken off, and instead of es-
Gaping the moisture raises to the top
and is retained by the surface soil.
The truth of this can be easily dem
bnstrated by anyone who will try it.
Take small piece of ground, say, ten
feet square, and divide it into two equal
parts. Leave one part uncultivated the
other break deep, then after chopping it
fine with hoe and rake keep the surface
constantly stirred. If there should be a
long dry season test the amount of
moisture in each by digging down to the
depth of foot. 1t will be found as hard
ms flint, while the other will be quite
moist up to within few inches of the
6urface.-Colman's Rural World.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
Caring for seed Corn.

Probably no better place for the
braids of corn saved in the ear for
next springs seeding can be found
than to hang them beside the chimney,
where the heat from the stove or fire
place will protect them from freezing
until fully dry. About as good place
as this, and some think better, is in the
smokehouse where the hams and bacon
are cured. But in either case the braids
should be visited often to see that moth
ing gets at them. The squirrel is the
worst enemy of sweet corn, because he
only digs out the chit or germ of the
very soundest and best corn. He will
leave an entire corn cob full of corn
more or less damp, and feast on that
which has been thoroughly dried for
,eed. The germ of sound, dry corn has
flavor much like a nut, and it is ver'
utritious.-American Cultivatcr,
The citizen., 1897-11-19

and keep the next size out. Number
two, likewise, keeps the larger size out.
BY putting feed in for the smaller ones
first. they all come in that pen and the
door drops; then | feed the next size
IN like manner, and so on. till all are
led. In this way they may all run in
tbs same clover field and yet have the
very desirable to have a trough that
they can't get their feet in, or crowd
each other out.
This trough is made as shown and
described, and should be made to suit
me size of the hogs; even little pigs
can be made to stand up side by side
and eat and drink without getting
their feet in the trough. and it is
funny to see them do so.
A look at this cut explains the
rough, except that Stats, to keep the
pigs from crowding each other. are
not shown. It is q nice sight indeed
TO. see 40 or so hogs side by side
eating like so many horses in stalls.
think it pays to grind all grain,
and feed it in such troughs. These
taets, and experience. have led me to
the following plan:
A, pens for feeding in; ear corn
on the floor and ground feed and swill
~ tfoughs. B, place for well and swill
carts and miNing-room. C, store for
teeo. ID, corn crib. Double lines at
= troughs of different sizes. G, NOV
Soie trough. Il. doors for pigs to enter
pens.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
IRONICAL IFS.

Ifa girl uses enough paint she may re-
semble the picture of health.
If genius is a disease but few people
IN the world have any cause for alarm.
If it wasn't for the weather there are
lots of men who would never look to-
ward heaven.
If the domestic troubles Of mar
ried couple are only little ones they
ought to be happy.
If an up-to-date girl is pressed to
tell a man she loves him she let's him
Keep right on pressing.
If you want to attract a woman's at
lention to any particular thing, just
place IL in front Of mirror.-Chicago
News.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
LITERARY SAYINGS AND oolNos

1t may interest the readers Of f. w.
Hornung's Australian stories TO know
that he is brother-in-law of DR.. A.
Conan Doyle.
Mr.. Donald G. Mitchell Ok MarveD is
preparing a second volume of "Amer-
ran Lands and Letters" which will APP
pear early next year.
A book of stories for children. by the
late Prof. Drummond, is in preparation.
The book will be illustrated by Mr..
Louis Vain.
Alphonse Daudet has decided to keep
back realistic novel drawn from life.
which he has just finished. until the
original of the hero dies.
Mr.. Maurice Thompson has three
books nearly ready for the printers:
"Stories of Indiana" novel, and a col
lection of out-of-door papers.
Daniel Frohmann has announced in
the papers that II. C. STANDARDIZATION
is writing for him comedy of fash
ionable life. Mr.. Chatfield-Taylorh has
novel of Washington, THE Vice Of
The citizen., 1897-11-19
CHANGED CONDITIONS.
Prosperous Countries of the Futu
VIII nA Th = - VIZ.

Prosperous Countries of the Future
VIII BE Those with Plenty of Water.
Some rather startling facts have been
adduced regarding the wonderful eff
fects wrought upon society and socio-
logical problems by the influence OF
electricity, working often through re-
mote causes. The abundant production
of silver and gold is due in a large meas
ulc to the success of electrical installa-
tions and transmission of power in the
mining districts, which in the past
have been seriously limited in produc-
tion by the absence of available fuel.
The wide utilization of water powers
the world over for the production of
electrical power seems to indicate that
the progress of electrical science has
apparently changed the condition of
industrial supremacy, and water power
will be the determining factor in the
future, so that the countries possess
ing numerous and large falls will be
greater centers of industry than those
having coal beds. Quite a curious fea-
ture of the new conditions is noted by
a leading journal devoted to coal in
terests, which points out the fact that
the individual home is the main in
dependence of the anthracite coal trade
Large hotels and apartment houses.
each having a single large plant for
heating, use mixture of soft coal and
anthracite screenings, but if people
live in their own houses, and conse-
quently employ comparatively small
furnaces, anthracite coal is necessity.
Large mining firms have so forcibly
realized this that they declare that all
Interested in the increased sale of an
thracite should make it point to sup
port by every means in their power
the trolley lines that enable the work
ingman to get beyond the confines of
the city into the suburbs, where there
is a probability of his living in his own
house.-Chicago Chronicle.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
Natural EIue Grass Land.

Blue grass, which is a close cousin to
what is known as June grass in the
east, is one of the most nutrious of all
the grasses. Its roots are Struggling
and run near the surface, therefore it
is rich in early spring, when the suns
rays do not warm the soil deeply. Some
land seems to grow up in June or blue
yrass whenever left uncropped. 1t
will run out most other grasses as the
after fail. One reason why this grass
is nutritious is. perhaps, explained by
lie remark an old farmer made. that
ne had always noticed that the natural
clue grass land was strong limestone
.il.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
ROTATION OF CROPS.
without Ii the Fertility of Soil Is
Exhausted Very Soon.

Exhausted Very Soon.
What is often spoken of as worn-out
land is land that has been run a long
time to one crop so that its capacity for
producing that particular crop is seri-
ously impaired. says Kansas Farmer.
in broader sense the land is not worn
out, for if turned over to the produc-
tion of crops of a different character it
readily manifests its old-time product
lveness. This creates the demand for
crop rotation, and the man who fails
TO recognize this demand fails at the
most vital point in crop culture. There
can be no doubt that every farmer in
the country is continually suffering a
loss of production by reason of its own
er's falling short in coming up to this
most rigid of natures requirements.
This law is absolute in its operation.
and the farmer is necessarily loser to
the extent to which he goes in in
fringing upon it, But in order the more
effectually to enforce her dictum in
Such matters nature has placed other
obstacles in the way of those who ig-
norantly or wilfully ignore her laws.
Thus, for instance. the farmer who runs
his fields long to corn invites serious
trouble with the corn root louise; the
chinch bug suggests that the farmer
had better put corn where the small
grain was before. The cut worm is
an evil of the same sort, and so we
might mention a score of such warn
ings to the farmer which say. you can
TO thus far but no farther. Many of the
weed pests are to be classed i'm the
same list. If the farmer will keep
them in state of subjugation so that
rrop raising is profitable he must con-
tinually change his crops from one
field TO another. It would seem a sim
pie lesson to learn, but host of farm
ers fail to act upon it.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
SLEEPING SHED.

ing them. A large body of men kept
In very close quarters will become dis
eased, and so with hogs. There
should not be too many in one bed,
and that bed should be changed often
and moved occasionally to other
ground. will give plan and figures,
showing how to build. and the cost
of house eight feet square and five
feet high. Two hundred feet of lum-
Der is required for building it, and
would cost. here, about $3.50.
1t is as undesirable to have a good
place to feed hog as to have good
place for him 20 sleep, but it is de-
cidedly better to have them separated
by a few feet of space, to secure good
The citizen., 1897-11-19
TROUGH.

ventilation and sufficient exercise to
prevent stupidity.
Perhaps a few words about feeding
will not be amiss. l care not whether
you are feeding the little pig, the
middle-sized pig or the big pig, you
should feed swill of some kind. Now
the hog is the nastiest thing about
eating that lives. He is wasteful, too.
He will get his snout and all four feet
in the feed if he can, no difference
how dirty they are. And that isn't all,
he will tramp the food around and
waste all he can.
Knowing this, it behooves us to give
him plenty of good, clean food and
make him keep it clean, and give him
a clean bed, if we expect him to be a
profitable hog. l have felt like kill
The citizen., 1897-11-19
ASHES AS FERTILIZERS.
They Are Very Useful on Crops Like
Glover and Grass.


Glover and Grass.
Considerable space is devoted to ashes
Rs fertilizers in late bulletin issued by
the Massachusetts Experiment station.
The bulletin states that lime-kiln ashes,
which contain, in one ton, 800 pounds of
dime, 25 of potash. and 20 of phosphoric
geld, might well De advertised and sold
with profit. These ashes are obtained
by burning limestone with wood. They
are very useful on crops like clover or
grass, and farmers who live where they
pan be obtained, can well afford to pay
$3.50 per ton and haul them home. AS
for ordinary unbleached wood ashes,
they should never be bought by the
bushel. They should be bought not
only by weight, but ON a guaranteed
analysis of potash and phosphoric acid.
The Massachusetts Experiment station
chemists found all the way from one
to IS per cent. of water in different
samples of such ashes. IT is folly to
buy ashes by the bushel when 90 per
cent. or more of the bulk is nothing
but water. The potash and phosphoric
acid found in wood ashes have, pound
for pound. about equal commercial val
0es. Dealers sometimes state only the
sum of both instead of the amount of
each. This is well enough in figuring
the money value of the ashes, but the
buyer should demand, in addition, q
definite statement of the amounts of
potash and phosphoric acid as separate
ngredlents.-Rura, World.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
sIPHoN SIGNAL.

one foot square. A small staple was
driven in the center of the top, the wire
CO. attached to the staple and passed
through hole made through the COW
ering of the well (e) and attached to
light piece of board or lath (c) fas-
tened to an upright. Arrange the
length of wire so that as water be-
comes low the weight of the fiat will
pull down on one end of the signal and
raise the other end to which piece of
tin or cloth is attached as signal
H. c. Crary, in Farm and Home.
The citizen., 1897-11-19

I have thus far omitted to tell of the
float valve that attached to barrel
to supply water at any hour as fast
as the hogs drink it, They don't waste
any or make mudhole. Another very
good thing is salt box made like the
trough but set at the end of the feeding
room. against the wall, and covered
with lid. A mixture of salt and ashes
is kept in this all the time.-A. F. Webb,
in Ohio Farmer.
The citizen., 1897-11-19

ing all the hogs had, sometimes,
when each one tried to eat and destroy
more than all the rest of the herd, es-
pecially when l fed like most others
do here, viz; have one end of a trough
sticking through the fence, and when
the swill poured in the bigger ones
all got up close and get about all of it
in the most rough-and-tumble manner
imaginable. This makes it desirable
to have them classified according to
size.
To do this. have adopted a plan of
screening them, as it were. If / have
three distinct sizes, have three pens.
Number one has a door just big
enough to admit the smallest1sized pigs
The citizen., 1897-11-19
Farm and Garden.
NEAT SIPHON SIGNAL.
A Little Convenience Which May Save
L0f nf TrnulAIa

A Little Convenience Which May Save
Lot of Trouble.
The float attached to a signal, as il
lustrated herewith, for use while ST.
phoning water from a well is for the
purpose of giving notice when water is
nearing the end of the pipe in the well,
as it will stop the action of the siphon
to allow the water to fall below the
Suction end. After the well is banked
in" to keep out frost it is not con-
yenient TO examine the height of water,
hence the need of the signal to tell
when water is getting low, so the flow
can be regulated by faucet at the lower
End in pipe (d). Mine was made with
piece of ordinary two-inch plank(a)
The citizen., 1897-11-19

This building is large enough for
90 or 20 hogs. but may be made smaller
or larger as desired A building one
third as large is sufficient for 25 or 30.
and will cost about one-third as much.
One can add to the length of this house
Us needed, indefinitely. and hold to
the plan. The troughs are made so
that you can put the feed in all along
the length and have all one side to YOUR
self and not be pouring swill on the
pigs necks and heads. A full apprecia-
tion of the merits of this trough only
homes with using it. You see. the
pigs can't get their feet in the feed
and can't crowd each other or stand
with side to the trough to keep others
out. but must stand up and eat as so
many cows in stanchions. and can't
waste the feed. The cost, of course.
varies with price Of lumber in different
sections, but need not be very expen-
sive. Following is a bill of material
for hog house 24X36 feet.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
NOVEL INSECT TRAP.

Queer Device Invented Recently by
an Ingenious Frenchman.
A French agricultural magazine re-
cords one of the queer discoveries of the
past season, by means of which gar
dens and lawns can be kept free of in
sects, or at least the number may be
reduced to a notable degree. 1t is an
The citizen., 1897-11-19
Live Stock.
PERFECT SWINE HOUSE.
II Can BE Built at Cost of Less Than
One Hundred Dollars.

II Can BE BuiIt at n Cost of Less Than
One Hundred Dollars.
The best swine house | know of is
made as described and illustrated in
this article. The house is designed for
feeding in. only, for don't believe in
bedding hogs where they eat, or for
considerable time in the same place.
The best way of which know is TO
make some movable shanty not larger
than eight or ten feet square and with
out floor for them to sleep in. If it
had over 16 hogs prefer divid-
The citizen., 1897-11-19
FRENCH INSECT TRAP.

insect trap, and this is the way You
make it:
Bury bell-shaped vessel in the earth,
with the rim even with the surface.
Put some water into it and All
inverted flower pot into the water.
On the flower pot is a napkin
smeared with honey or molasses. Put
another bell jar over it in the manner
shown in the picture and heap up earth
around it until only small opening is
to be seen. The "bait" will attract in
sects from an incredibly large area, and
when they have found their way into
the trap very few will get out.
The citizen., 1897-11-19
PoAD EXAMINERS NOTICE.

Whereas. Rufus X. Magruder and other
given thirty days notice OF their intention to
DO SO, as required by law, have petitioned the
County Commissioners of Frederick County
TO open public road commencing for the
same at a point on thu division line of the
property formerly owned by John Il. Williams,
now owned by A. X. Williams and the prop.
erty of Rufus X. Magruder, where the
Prices Mill to Williams Mill, and running
thence on or near the same division line OF
X. X. Magruder,a and A. X. Williams, to or
near the division line OF Gideon BuSsard
and h. X. Magruder; thence the most practi-
cal route to the lines of Jennie l. Williams,
Walter England and Gideon Bussard thence
running on an old road or near the lines of
Gideon Bussard and Walter England to pub
lie road at a point near Rock Cliff School
House, where the mouth of an old road enters
said public road.
Now, notice is hereby given to all persons
and parties concerned, and to the public, that
bhe undersigned examiners will meet at the
place of beginning OF the road above peli-
TONED for on Tuesday, November 23rd. 1897,
at 1880 O'Clock, a. m, Of fair) or next fair day,
and will proceed to examine and determine
that the said road should be opened, and II
upon examination we should be OF opinion
and so determine in our Judgment, that the
public convenience requires that the said road
should be opened, we will proceed to open the
same, agreeable to our Commission and the
Code of Public General Laws in such cases
made and provided and will continue in the
day, If necessary, until the same shall have
been fully completed.
N. A. ENGLAR,
The citizen., 1897-11-19
N. A. ENGLAR,
THOMAS G. REISLER,
JOHN PETER JONES,

Freeholders in Frederick County, and not in.
terested nor holding lands through which
the said road is proposed to be opened.
oct22-5t.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1897-06-13

er John r. Penrose. Smith, Brunswick;
Anna l.. milford, Henderson, Charleston;
Emily +. Northam, Johnson. Savannah. D..
Cleared-Steamers, Goldsboro, Swain,
Norfolk; Gate City, Googins Savanna h /;
Maverick. Rubelli, Jacksonville, via Sa-
vannah, towing barges S. O. No. Sc for
Wilmington. N. c., aud S. O. 76 for Jack
sonville and Savannah; Trinidad (BD,
Card, Norfolk; schooner Henry r. Tilton,
Randlett, Port Royal.
New York, June l0.-Sailed bark Teresa
Lo Nico UtaD, Savannah. schooner j. C..
Gregory, Fernandina.
Norfolk June 10.-Sailed, schooner Car
rie 7. Balano, Savannah.
Fernandina, June l0-Arrived, schooners
Blanche H. King, Bennett. New York /;
Lizzie Chadwick, Clark, Noank.
Darien, June l0.-Arrived, ship Warrior
OBJ, Kitchen. MOntevideo schooner
Charles A. Gilberg, Smith, New York.
Cleared-Ship George T. Hay (BD, Ea-
giles, Greenock; bark Truro (Sw), Rock
berg, Belfast.
Brunswick. Ca, June 10.-Arrlved, bark
schooner John Fl. Plat, Ives. New York
Cleared-Steamer Ramon de Larrnaga
(Sp), EcheVerria, Liverpool barks Adele
~ Sabina (NoD, Christoffersen, Rotter-
dam; Consuela (Sp), Gelpi Bilbao.
Sailed-Schooner Thelma, Cummings,
Boston.
London, June 9.--Arrived, bark Varuna
GER, Wessmann, Savannah.
Hamburg, June 9.-Sailed, ship Thor
(Nor), Andersen, Savannah.