The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-09-18

bloody strife when at Yorktown in 1871
lit became necessary to construct n cradle
for what was happily believed to be n
, fair young republic. 1t will not be for
| gotten that Great Britain in dealing with
; the colonies treated each one Of them as
, IA separate and distinct individuality, Il
+, Icrystali2Cd unit, and ON this bAsis peace
was declared between the mother conn-
, try and her infant children, \ convention
, for the >pNac, adjustment 81 the varied
relations of these thiTtcru children, now
free aud independent, became necessary.
. IIhs convention met The aiiost men ~
the whole country were present and par
tiCipntcd IN It's deliberations, The hHesi
talent Of New England. pfDHounGelly The
leading statesmen from the middle states
by NIL 0ddH the Frohirsi Wcn from WI
Fwnm, the tHroluma, ana the other
Southern States, were present ~ fhlja-
Idolphin nj thiH august hour. Aoycr ~ the
history Of man have prhFrf responsible
ties been met hy chlmcr. wiser and more
exhaustive deliberations, The sanity
Bishop White Hnd other eminent diFines
invoked the blessing uf Almighty God
upon this most remarkable body Of men.
Day after day and night after night these
noble patriots planned and counsrllcd, ana
! counselled and planned, But though
5000 miles away from all the bnttIcields
of Europe. dclugcd with blood in mans
applied experimental efforts 30 secure the
greatest good to the greatest number.
and thus citadel liberty forever, buttressed
upon the affections and confidence OF
free people. it was not accorded our
forcfathers to escape the dangers OF hui
man government Naturally enough,
Mr.. Hamilton. Of New York, fresh from
the influence Of monarchical institutions
upon his great and commanding intellect.
was fully in love with that form of gov
eminent centripctal. which we call central
ism or IA mild form Of monarchcal gov
eminent. Naturally enough Mr.. Jeffer-
son. of Virginia, and those who thought
and co-operated with him in that they
represented the cavalier element of our
Young population in the Southern colo
MES, were equally as much enamoured
with the pleasing thought, amounting in
their case to an absolute CONVICTION that
the panacea of all our ills as a people
and the keystone in the arch of human
liberty depended upon the recognition of
the antagonistic principal of centrifugal
ism as opposing centripetalism, necessary
and healthful life in the relation of the
State to the Federal government 1t VIII
he seen at n glance how antagOnistic
these two theories of human government
are: to-wit. the Hamiltonian theory of
the exercise of controlling power by the
center along strongly guarded radii over
all forms Of popular rights lying out be-
tween the center and the circumference.
while he states rights men sought to
leave their impress upon Federal rela-
tons by emphasizing the doctrine Of the
sovereignty of the States. These giants
Of high intellect, and we must say or
equally beautiful devotion to their dl,
vergent views of the government which
they were trying to form, battled with
each other upon high plane OF lntenectu-
ality and wonderful mastery of the va
rious forms Of human government, when
ucrhaps has never been equalled III the
history Of man. Battling on and bathing
ON. each for the acceptance of
his own views, these distinguished civil
scboolmcn were at last driven to the
conclusion. that neither party to this
/, great contest could fully succeed. And
so it came about that in the very nature
of things from the necessity of condi-
was a compromise. 1t can be safely as
serted here that all compromises when
4 subjected TO the severe tests of absolute
ANALYSIS must necessarily be from the
) very nature of things sooner or later
clearly demonstrated failures This IS
so. for compromise has always been
and will ever be the dangerous under
taking of adjusting upon n safe basis
) principles that are directly antipodal and
i antagonistic Water has never yet been
mixed with oil. nor will centralized gov
i ernment ever be able to adjust itself to
the honest recognition of popular rights.
/ Hence it is perfectly clear and it must
necessarily appear that We have never
lived under pure republic. The word
republic as imported by its etymology
clearly means all things as to rights I'M
/ der the government, all duties and priv
iIeges for the government in common.
! Res, publica the old Roman wrote, all
things common, all things for the people,
by the people and all power from the
people Now this has never been, nor
will it ever be realized. None of us
l have ever voted directly for judge of
I the Supreme court of the United States.
He is appointed for life by the executive.
i No one of us has ever voted for a men,
Der of the United States Senate. He is
I elected by the legislature of the State
claiming him. No one of us has ever
voted directly for a President of the Uni
ted States He is elevated by electoral
college; they failing to elect, by the
House of Representatives. Thus You
see clearly and indisputably that at no
period of American History has any
freeman been ever trusted with the full
discharge of an uninterrupted ballot, eX-
cept in the House Of Representatives. 1t
is equally clear that in two of the CO.
ordinate branches of the government, to-
wit, the Executive and the Judicial,
Mr.. Hamilton forced Mr.. Jefferson to
the employment of an intermediary pro-
cess, destructive of the most beautiful
form of the ballot, and necessarily MUIR
turing and developing centraism In
the other branch of the government, to-
: wit, the legislative, Mr.. Hamilton had
/ only a partial victory. to-wit the cleo
u