The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-03-21
ENGLAND'S %MILLIONAIRES.
THIRTY-TBro OF THEM NAVE DIED
WITHIN THE LAST TEN YEARS.

Property Are Counted S1iiionaires In Grea
Britain. the SnIue OF Realty Never Retur
Appraised In That Favored ~Lana-Ssnn,
large Eortunes MADE ia Liauor.-Ne. WI,
Deal In Foods Rarely BECOME Very Rich.
Reprinted RON the Contemporary Rsrte,e oy Fsrrats
sion " the Arnerfcan Publishers, the Leon-
ard Scott Publication Company.
British millionairss. IL we are TO take the
statistics OF Wills for our guide. die at tho rate
OF three in a year. During the ton years. 1881
1896. thirty-two millionaire estates were
proved for death duty. These estates involved
an aggregate personally Of s5l.57o.Oo0 90, SO
that they averaged In value over FL. 500. 900.
Moro than one individual American estate
lie understood TO equal this entire am ount,
but America il FREQ from those delicate distinc-
tlons between realty and personally which have
made the declarations for probate in this coun-
try In 20 many cases wholly misleading. Great
London property owners like the Duke of Bed
ford and Viscount Portman. and q mammoth
territorial chief like tho Duke of Devonshire,
died within tho period covered By this article.
Their names are not to be found among the mil
lionaires. A list OF the half. millionaires would
not include them. They appear ns owners Of
comparatively small personalities, although
they were among the richest men Of their time.
And even now, when these distinctions have
been aDoli,hed. and there Is no more olassifica-
tion of property for the purposes Of duty pay
mont. the value OF realty Is as much II zee ret
as ever. Declarations are as reiiRiously con-
fined to personally now rs they were before tho
assimilation nf tho dusies. and never by any
chance Is the outside world informed az to the
value OF a testator's real estate. So far as our
knowledge of the Importance of territorial leAv-
Tags Is concerned. the old succession duty might
DO still In force.
This craze for secrecy on the part Of British
landowners may. perhaps. compare favora bly,
with the parade of wealth which has the effect
of exazgerating the bulk of the great American
fortunes. For statistical purposes. however.
It has the Inconvenience of minimizing ours.
A startling result Of this partial declaration
Of property is the fact that four peers only are
to be found among the millionaires disclosed by
death during the past ten years. Peers die at
the.rate Of about twenty-five year. 30 that the
proportion of miilionaires among them would
seem TO be III per cent Apply the same pro-
portion to the existing peeraze, which numbers
$50. and 1t follows that there are tea members
Of that rank whnse property would be publicly
declared as reaching or exceeding the value Of
o million sterling. That Is q low proportion,
and it will appear to remain low. although not
50 low. until the two Glasses of property de-
nominally one. What viii tend to raise the
proportion Is the circumstance that great wealth
o1OuCs unbbbiAtCu Dy puDIlC ENlCc5,lb XTDuuAllY
aspiring beyond the bAroretoy. and establishing
lie claim to higher hereditary distinctions.
small i%andownsrs. so that the bulk Of s 1aig
property. instead OF the dregs. would rank as
The four peers we have'to'd deal with were the
second Lord Nolverton. the last Duke OF Cleve-
lsnd. the late Duke of sutherland. and the late
OF Derby were both niillionAires nearly twice
tod. their personal estates having been exceeded
the present generation onir By that of Lord
OveIstone, the banker. Lord Wolverton also
ana Earl Derby to he iortuna.e cir1cuS.
lance that the streets OF Liverpool are gradual
ly spreading over the acres of Know sley MIN
erals In south Durham creAtel the DUE of
Cleyeland's sl. 500. 200. and the almost equal
fortune Of the Duke cf Sutherland. who was
this country. had its origin 10 the mineral
wealth OF Starfordshtre. Reasons equally
additional peers. four only in number in the
Tan years, whose estates ranged between half .
the head OF tho brewing family Of Alisopp. The
Earl Or Leven was 90 entirely o city banker
that he withheld q legacy from a nephew on
the ground that the young man was TO be I'M
fitted for business by Q university training. The
Earl Of Moray. one of the moot generous land
bis unass"ming London house. and accumu.
lated from sheer inability TO make his expendi-
n Maociesdeld. who had Also the saving habi..
rompletes the list-which does not include the
little of his father. the late MARQUIS CT Headfort.
Ind whose half million had been originally &C.
INUNDATED by q North Of England ironmAs,er.
POTION or milIlopaires: Nino baroness' e.
pared for duty. and in every case but one the
hrtune was the direct result of Manufacturing
! dlstiller. Q merchant and q merchants son,
! Turkey.Ied dyer. o shipbuiidor. and an iron.
bector Of paintings. and one Of the most be-.
loved OF English residents. In Paris. alone
among If, the nine ATTAINED that wealth without
SESSIONS OF Sir Andrew Bar .lay Walker. the
WSrrington brewer, who loft close on Three
on record. Warrington. oddly enough. pro.
yided the other brewer in the list. Sir Gilbert
peers are miIlionaires there Is NO mistake about |
envied condition only by the skin Of tthhS eIt se siS'
a insse e., we R;:h In "a sdditiNn to sIr Gilbert Greenall
Sir Archibald Orr: Ewing of the DumbSrton
Dye Works; Sir William Pearce.. shipbuiIder.
II FsiFt 6s ins m 9nw No. on the Clyde; Sir John
half millions were distributed by Sir Robert Lo-
parallel, for his father. Giles Loder Of the Rus.
sian trade. left taree millions behind him. and
ers become titled landowners. are usually whit
Tied AWAY In the second generation. The last
l iaia,en onss s eHrV Gssr TO- Rs mentioned is the
Dlstillery.. from which Booths gIn 10 de-
spatohed to every part Of the world. Sir
nag, and ranks next to Sir Andrew Barclay
Walkers among the fortunes OF what lie known
as The liquor trade. Sir Julian Goldsmid's
munihcence alone kept him from being the
millionaire he almost was; Sir Edward Bates.
the s~hipowneI. all but reached that dainty.
and four other baronets, each one OF them the
nrst holder Of the title. and all enriched by
some commercial or industrial occupation. low
these. Sir James Mackenzie OF Glenmuick and
sir Alexander Matheson Of Ardross. were nIer-
chantS In tho Asia trade, and sunk enormous
sums In Highland deer forests. Sir Daniel
Gooch rose from tho position Of an engineer
mechanic on the Great Western Railway 10
The Chairmanah!p Of the compan,. and Sir
p%atrlmony by banking in liverpool.
The place of untitled hereditary landowners
In the list Is 4 very small one. There are but
two. the late MI. Andrew Montaeue of Ing
and. Mr.. CHRISTOPHER X. w. Talbot
OF Margam Abbey In South Wales, the prede-
cessqT OF M; {. T. vi!liers as tn" father of
the House OF Commons" Mr.. Montagus's two
,%nillions. coming after the change IN the death
duties. Yielded the largest %sum-Rlao, 40
Treasury, and Mr.. Talbot owed his one and a