davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04

selected as the material from which
these should be Duill The original
building had been of brown sandstone
and in order 10 give the whole an APP
pearance of completeness and harmony
the central portion was now tainted
white. The cornerstone ~ the eytcn-
sions were laid July 4. 1850. by Presi-
dent Fillmore. Daniel Webster officiating
MS orator. The wing at the north end
Of the building was 10 he occupied by
the Senate, the one ut the south end, by
the House of Representatives. THESE
We're sufficiently complete to be occupied
for legislative purposes, January i. 1899.
although the Interior decorations aud
furnishings were not completed until long
after that date. The legislative halls
occupied by the House and Senate in
their respective wings are regarded rs
the most attractive and perfect srruet-
nres for their purposes. to be seen per-
haps in any part Of the world.
When the handsome and elaborate
wings had been completed and the CEN
trail portion bpsn made 20 conform in
color with them. il became apparent that
the length of the building was such as
to require some additional height to the
central portion and n grand dome was
devised To replace the one of wood and
copper which had covered the section
connecting the original wings of the
building.
This dome. egg-shaped. is entirely of
iron. weighing in round numbers o.
600. 600 pounds and was nearly zen years
in course of construction. Beneath il
il the grand rotnnda through which
thousands of people pass daily and
whose walls are lined with paintings by
the great artists of America. represent
ing important and thrilling events of the
history of the nation.
The following brief description of the
building is taken from the official Con-
gressional directory:
The capitol is situated in latitude IS
degrees 80 minutes 20 seconds a north
and longitude "a degrees 90 minutes 30
seconds . west from Greenwich. 1t
fronts east, and stands on plateau
eighty eight feet above the level OF the
Potomac.
The southeast cornerstone of the orig
inal building was laid on the 18th of Sep
tember. 1I9:,, by President Washington.
with Masonic ceremonies. 1t il CON
structed Of sandstone from tuarres in
Aqua creek. Virginia. The work was
done under the direction of Stephen H.
Hallett. James Iloh,n, George Hadfield
and X. III. Latrobe, architects. The
north wing was finished in 1900. and the
south wing in 1911. A wooden passage
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
WHAT RECIPROCITY DID.
Also What Loss Its Repeat Caused tn the
Manufacturing Interests.

Chicago Journall
The year 1892 was the banner year for
American exports. The total amounted
to the enormous sum of S1.O30.27S,14S,
being the greater by $1.OOO.000 than that
of any other year. During 1893 there
was remarkable falling off in exports
to all parts of the world except South
America The drop was S1S9.OO0.OOO in
exports to Europe alone. and il was no.
ticcably large in those to the far East.
But the decrease IN our shipments 70
South America was only SfS5.00O, while
there was an astonishing increase in our
trade with those South American coun-
tries with which we had reciprocity ar
rangements. While the general trend
was down this isolated gain was S3.J6O.-
515 over 1892 and SIG, 100000 over 1891.
1t is to be noted. also, that the times
were not propitious for n fair test of
the new arrangement because of fevolu-
tiOnary troubles in Central America and
Brazil. Great European nations like
France and England lost heavily, while
we were making he, ss1dWsyi For ron the
sales to Brazil fell off more than two
thirds: in the same time the British ex-
ports to the same country decreased by
nearly $4,0OO,OOO.
After the repeal Of the reciprocity law
the benefits that we had acquired were
an increase there was now decline.
Nor did the evil effect stop there. Those
countries that had entered into reciproci-
Nv agreements in good faith were Of
Tended at the cavalier manner in which
they had been treated. Protests came
thick and fast from them all against
what they looked upon as breach of
good faith. Our reputation among them
was injured perceptibly and it is only by
the prompt Reputation of our contracts
in the Wilson bill that we may reason
ably hope to regain what we have lost.
The special interest that Chicago has
i'm this trade is evidenced by report
on a typical South American cargo sent
out from New York. This city's con-
tributions TO that cargo consisted of axle
grease, link belts, folding sewing ma
chimes, boilers, car axles. mining machin-
cry, Office supplies, carriages, wagons,
carts. sewing machines, heavy hardware,
furniture, provisions, electrical goods,
cutlery, barbed wire and reapers. There
Is no single industry that gets all the adj
vantages of reciprocity, whose beneficent
influence extends, as this illustration
shows. through a wide range and Affects
directly thousands of our citizens.
And as IL IL with Chicago so IL in with
many towns and cities both East and
West. The reciprocity clause was the
saving feature Of the Mckinley bill, and
II should he a prominent feature of the
new tariff law which the Republicans
will enact next spring.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
SOME INSTRUCTIVE FIGURES.
How the Public Debt Jared Under Pro
lection and How Under Low Tariff.

How the Public Debt Jared Under Pro-
lection and How Under Low Tarin.
tFrom New York Commercial Advertiser.)
Washington. ID. c.. Jan. 15.-The
close of the year 1896 supplies informal
ton that affords much food for refiec-
ton. and the beginning of u new year is
fitting occasion to reflect. That there
has been frightful stagnation of bust
ness during the last few years, unpre-
cedentcd failures. distress and poverty
among the people. and a loss of money
that il will never be possible to COM
pute. is common knowledge. Statements
of hundreds Of millions of dollars wasted
have become so frequent that they lose
their force to certain extent. They
are read and passed by without earnest
consideration by the masses Of the peo-
pie, TO whom a question of dollars and
cents is of far more vital concern. And
il is upon a dollars and cents basis that
the following facts are submitted for
public consideration. The Commercial
Advertiser Is in receipt of some figures.
from an official source. that have not
yet been published down 10 date. They
bring the national debt statement and the
consumption of leading staples, down to
1895. for every man. woman and child
in the United States. thus appealing to
each individual. Dealing first with the
national debt, there is the following
showing:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04

way connected them. On the 18th oil
August, 1914. the interior OF both wings
was destroyed by fire, set by the British.
The damage to the building was immedi-
ately repaired. In 1918 the central por-
ton of the building was commenced,
under the architectural superintendent
of Charles Bulfnch. The original build-
ing was finally completed in 1927. Its
cost. including the grading OF the
grounds alterations. and repairs, mp to
1927. was 2.433.S44.13.
The cornerstone of the extensions was
laid on the 4th of July. 1851. by Presi-
dent Fillmore. Daniel Webster officiating
as orator. This work was prosecuted
under tire architectural direction OF
Thomas L.. Walter. till 1863 when he
resigned II was completed under the
supervision Of Edward Clark. the pres
ent architect of the capitol. The mate
rial used i'm tire walls is white marble
from the Quarrer at Lee. Mass., and that
in the columns from the quarries at
Cockcysville Md. These extensions
were first occupied for legislative pur-
poses January 4. 1859.
The entire length of the building from
north 10 south il I-,l feet 4 inches, and
its greatest dimension from east to west
800 feet The area covered by the build
ing il 1913. III square feet.
The dome Of rhe original central build
ing was constructed of wood. covered
with copper. This WIS replaced in 1886
by the present structure of cast-iron. Ii
was completed in 1867. The entire
weight of iron used is $500. 200 pounds.
The dome is crowned by a bronze
statue of Freedoms, which IL nineteen
feet six inches high. and weighs 1885
pounds. 1t was modelled by Crawford.
The height of the dome above the base
line of the east front il 2SI feet inches.
The height from the rop of the balus-
trade of the building is 217 feet III
inches. The greatest diameter at the
base il 49, feet , inches.
The rotunda is % feet q inches in dia-
meter and its height from the floor TO
the top of the canopy is $50 feet .
inches.
The Senate chamber r. Tf3 feet Q
inches in length by so feet } inches in
width and Sc feet in height. The gal
leries will accommodate 1000 persons.
The Representatives hall is 139 feet
in length by % feet LA width and 81
feet in height.
Tire room now occupied by the SUI
preme court was. until 1859. occupied as
the Senate chamber. Previous TO that
time the court occupied the room infme-
diately beneath, now used as law
library.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04

the hall Of the House Of Representatives
voted that IL must he destroyed, carried
books, pictures and other intamaable ar
ticles from the library and surrounding
rooms. and heaping them in the hall of
the House of Representatives. set fire
To the building. BY the following morn
ing only blackened walls were left to
mark what the people of the young re-
public had in twenty years time been
constructing and completing AZ their
capitol building. Happily the fire did not
destroy the patriotism of the people and
II Is also pleasing thought that it did
not even destroy the walls of the build
ing whose cornerstone President Wash
ington himself had laid. The stones
which now compose rhe walls of the cen
which successfully resisted the fire
kindled by British hands and if they
could speak they would tell the story Of
that event.
Ii ne reader will examine carefully
the representation of the capitol building
herewith given. he will observe that the
structure is composed first of central
section covered with a high dome. :hen
on either side. and near comparatively
small wing and stretching beyond each
of these wings. still other much larger
wings or structures. The original kuild-
ing was the two small wings standing
between the dome and the large wings at
either END oil the present structure.
These buildings. which were the original
wings, stood when originally constructed
a considerable distance apart. one being
used AZ the House of Representatives
hall and the other ms the Senate cham
Der. and they were connected by .soOd-
en- passageway. This was the condition
of the building when the torch was APP
piled by the British in 1871. The tam
age TO the building was repaired rs
promptly rs possible and in 1918 Con-
gress authorized the construction Ct n
central building TO connect the two
wings. This central structure was COW
cred by II dome constructed of wood and
covered with copper. When finished the
structure. composed of the two wings
and the central dome. presented com
plete and perfectly proportioned appear
ance and was looked upon AS Il hand
some and complete capitol structure. Ii
cost up to that time, 1927, in round mum
bers, S2.5OO.OOO.
A half century of national life and
growth showed To Congress that the
handsome structure which was complete
in 1877 was not sufficient for the needs
of the Congress of great nation such
as the United States WAS growing TO be.
Ii was determined therefore to extend
the building by the construction of large
wings. one at either end. Marble was
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
Per cent.

The year 1896 was disastrous one ia
commercial circles. Not only were the
failures greater in number than In any
year, save 1893, but the aggregate
amount involved was much larger, with
the single exception of the year 1851,
when the Liabilities reached nearly $40
OOO,OOO. The table covers the business
casualties of the past sixteen years, and
may be relied upon as being as correct
as care and conscientiousness in compil-
ing could make il.
1t looks like. a paradox to say :hat
party born OF the discontent growing
out of unfavorable business conditions is
responsible for those conditions; yet that
may be said now with very consider
able degree of truth. The years of de-
preston in the West and South that
made the beginnings of the Popalst
party possible-that made men willing to
turn away from the teachings OF the
worlds experience aud stake their brok-
en- fortunes on the wisdom of leaders
never before that time regarded with re-
Spect-are now looked back to as years
of comparative prosperity. For She ag-
gravation of bad conditions, If not for
the failure of the country to promptly re-
cover from them, il may be reasonably
contended that the influences which
have shaken confidence in the stability of
our institutions are responsible. Is not
the Populist party one of the most pow
erful of those intiuencesI Would not the
carrying out of its programme 10y olu-
tionize, not the form, but the purposes
and methods of our government! Hos ii
not only developed great strength irself,
but shown that it is able TO dominate, in
some parts of the country. in some de-
gree, both of the greater political parties?
If so, then it must be admitted that the
people the preservation of whose ac-
quired rights depends upon the methods
and purposes of our government remain
ing what they have been in the past have
had cause for alarm, and it was impossi-
BILE that their efforts To save themselves
from loss could fail to damage other poo
ple-the people who were doing business
on borrowed capital and all dependent
upon them for employment or support.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
ABSOLUTE SURRENDER"
Is the Terms which Mr.. Bryan Offers
the Gold Democrats.
lUarfforl COurautD

Since the election some of the gold
Democrats who boltcd the Chicago plat
form and ticket have been actively wav-
ing olive branches at the silver Demo
Gratis. Speakers at public dinners have
given eloquent expression to their long
ing for the speedy arrival of the day
that shall see all sorts Of Democrats
united once more against ''the common
enemy" Editors of Democratic jour
nails hercabouts have written on the
same theme. One of them-a Connecticut
onc-suggested the other day that the
way to unite was just TO agree to let
bygones he bygones, forget all about the
campaign of 1896, bury the divisive sill
YER issue. hoist the old Jeffersonian ban
ncr. and attack the Republicans.
We do not observe as yet any very
general or very gracious response on the
part of the silver Democrats to these
oyertures. And IL takes two, proverbial-
ly. to make n bargain.
The defeated candidate, Mr.. Bryan, has
taken pains to announce that there isn't
going to be any reunion on the forgive
and-forget basis IL he can prevent II.
lie insists that the silver issue Is a live
issue, and that talk about buryinr II Is
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
A TRIBUTE TO M'KINLEY.
And IL Comes from Democrat,
Source.

Ana IL COmes from DemOCraf1o
Source.
Il is evident that the revival of bust
ness, the signs of which appeared as soon
as the election was over. will go on gath
erng force. with the prospect that the
people of this republic will reach the end
Of this century in a higher condition of
prosperity than they or any other people
have ever experienced. A few snaring
critics are trying TO resist this increasing
tide of prosperity; but they. are impotent
i'm their malignity. Mr.. Mckinley will
enter upon his administration with the
good will of men of all parties to de-
gree never enjoyed by any President in
the memory of this generation. The
hearty support which every conservative
interest gives 10 him. and to the Repub-
lican party as the only political orga MIA
ton now standing between us and politi-
cal chaos. strengthens the assurance with
which the people may look forward to
that Astounding prosperity.
The period of gloom is over. Hereafter
we shall see steady progress and increas-
ing confidence and cheerfulness.-New
York Sun.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
THE INCREASE OF GOLD.
- Grows Much Faster than the Popufs-
ton OF Public Needs.


ton or Public Needs.
Macon (Ga) Telegraph. Dem.)
The director of the United States
mint. the best authority in the country,
puts the production of gold in the world
for the year 1896 at $215, 1000. 900. an in
crease of nearly q per cent. over the
production of the world for 1896
The Engineering and Mining Journal
of New York, a high authority, esti-
mates the production of gold in the
United States last year at Sol. 000, 000
an increase over 1895 of something over
10 per cent. The production of 1895 was
1893, $35.955.O00. For 1892. 1913, 0OO.-
600. Here is an increase since 1892 of
$24 100000. or ~ per cent.
This enormous increase can be better
appreciated when it is called TO mind
that our Increase OF population Is about
1 per cent. year. Therefore. while
our population has increased about 3
per cent. during the last FIVE years our
gold crop has increased ~ per cent.
1t Is estimated that about $9,O00,00O
of this gold goes into the arts. leaving
$4S.OOOOOO available for gold coin, aver
aging $4.OO0.0O0 month.
We have heard a great deal during the
last Few years about the danger
of the gold standard. the single argu-
ment being advanced that there was
not enough gold in the country to meet
demands Tor redemption money" Peo-
pie who could not tell what redemption
money" is have proclaimed il with loud
voices. and succeeded in frightening
great many good and well meaning per-
sons.
When these facts are taken into con-
sideratiOn along with the other fact that
our silver coinage has much more than
kept pace also with the increase of popu-
lation. and business. il becomes manifest
tn5t there IN not particle of ground for
the free silver agitat0rs 10 stand on.
When 10 becomes known, as il should
be known. by the masses, that the vol
ume of our gold currency, and the vol
ume OF our silver currency, increase
every year at greater ratio than the
increase of our population and our bust
ness. the occupation of the professional
fiat money agitator will be gone.
The country needs toy have done with
agitations on the lines Of the last few
years. IT needs wise men and not reck-
less advanturers for leaders. 1t needs
wise legislation. and business manage
ment of its busness affairs. All econo-
mic questions are business questions, and
they should be handled by wise and hon
est business men. When little dema-
gogues and pOi,ticaI dervishes swarm
about the capital and assail the vital
function Of the government the people
are in danger.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
FREE TRADE FAILING.
II Does Not DO what IL Once Did for
England.


A serious question confronting British
rulers is this: How is it that the annual
value of British exports-omitting ma
chinery and coal-has shown n decline
while the imports of manufactures have
greatly increased? As long as England
was the workshop of the world the more
raw material she imported the more
manufactures she could export. When
other countries picked up her secrets and
set up factories of their own, she an
ticipated no serious trouble from the
competition. But she is now feeling the
pinch severely. and understands hnt 100
clearly the difference between selling the
goods she used TO make. and selling the
machinery and coal to enable others %
make them. Take, for instance. Ian
eashire and its cotton trade. During last
year il found its foreign customers buy
ing more yarn and less cloth. Thirty
three million yards of plain cotton stufrs
was the decrease In October alone. To
weave the yarn, extra machinery was
needed and the total export of machines
and mill supplies for the FIRST ten months
of 1896 was S72.0OO.0OO. as against SG3,-
100000 i'm the same period the previous
year. Most of this went TO India, China
and japan. where mills are multiplying
rapidly. These totals look very nice IN
the swelling statistics of gross exports,
and SO might the selling price of the dead
goose. as compared with the value OK the
single golden egg she laid every morning
while she was alive.-The American.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
FALSE FIGURING.
me Free Traders WosId Mako Toe Ne
lieve that White ~ Riack.
iRoston Iournall


the Wool Growers the Herald gives
AN amusing illustration of confused and
confusing arithmetic. The article H.
based on the statement credited to the
representative Of the Ohio wool growers.
that what the wool growers want Ii TO
raise the price Of their wool from it's
present level Of nine cents q pound to
The Herald mathematician then pro-
ceeds:
obviously. by this cumulative process.
the buyer of the suit of clothes which
formerly cost $12 would suddenly find
paying $3.50 for precisely the same
kind of goods, even If nobody but the
wool growers became any richer by the
change, each of the Intermediates be-
tween the grower of the wool and the
wearer of the clothes merely charging
the customary rate of profit on the value
of the. material passing through his
hands,"
The absurdity of this calculation In
apparent on a moments reflection. The
change proposed by the wool growers
affects only the cost Of the unwashed
wool, which does to the making Of
the suit of clothes. but the Herald coia-
mits the egrcgrious error of figuring a
proportionate Increase In every item OF
the cost of production. Because the
wool, under the circumstances imagined.
costs approximately double what il did.
is the manufacturer, for that reason, GO
ing to double the wages of his oper-
ntiyes? And Is the manufacturing cloth
Ter going to pay his tailors $6.25 a day
instead of S3f Yet that is precisely
what the Herald's arithmetic requires.
The true basis of calculation is as fol-
lows: 1t takes about fifteen pounds Of
unwashed wool to make a good suit Of
winter clothes. To make a summer suit
IL takes perhaps twelve. Raising the
cost of wool eleven cents pound would
add $1.65 to the cost of a winter suit,
and 81 30 to the cost of summer suit.
Suppose we add Eve cents as represent
ing the interest on the increased cost OF
wool, though that Ii large allowance,
the suit which formerly cost SIP would
then cost 1870, instead Of $3.50. a.
the Herald computes.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
Debt and Interest Per Capita.

In 1867 the per capita of our national
debt stood at $6926 for every individual
inhabitant of the United States. BuS
when the Republican party turned over
the administration of the country to its
Democratic successor in 1888 our debt
had been reduced TO $12.55 per capita.
a decrease of $56.I1 per capita during
more than quarter of century of un,
interrupted Republican administration.
Since then the trend of the national debt
has been upward, and taking the increa Sc
of debt alone since 1893. IL has been ms
much as 1915 per capita in three years.
the present comparatively more favora-
BILE showing being due to larger amount
of cash in the treasury than has been
customary for several years. In the
same way the amount of interest on the
national debt, paid directly or indirectly
by every individual in the country, was
reduced under Republican administrn-
ton from 1884 in 1867 to "a cents in
1893. but II has been increased up to
40 cents this year rs the direct result of
Democratic financial mismanagement.
The per capita of interest on our debt
Is now higher than in any year since
1859.