Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-12-29
Notes on Science and Industry.

'Sht CHARACTER the nrat or these con-
sists In simply coating the wood with
mixture OF potassium bichromate and
gelatine, and exposing to the light; Sc
cond. the immersion of the article in a
warm solution OF paraffine. TO which
some solution Of guttapercha in benzole
mas been added; third. the painting of
the wood with mixture of asphalt and
guttapercha benzole solutions and ex-
posing 10 light: fourth. coating with
competition Of 100 parts resin dissolved
In eighteen parts OF boiling nut-oil; and.
NTH, painting with compound OF casein,
Quicklime. and albumen. In either case
the film applied should be rubbed down
with pumice, then oil-painted, pumiced,
ana Vanished.
Some valuable results in regard TO the
conductivity OF cement-having relation
TO the escape of current from cables and
the consequent destruction OF gas-pipes-
are announced by the Imperial Technical
Institute. I'm Charlottenburg. Blocks or
40 centimetres length and 100 square cen
timetres cross-sectional area presented
resistance varying from $50 ohms for sim
pie cement 10 5000, when the proportion
of sand mixed with the cement was high
But, on the other hand. ii Is shown that'
as the resistance Of pure cement fails 10
one half after some days immersion IN
water. the resistance of cement with
three times its weight of sand fans 10
one tenth in two hours, and beton Is
even worse--such kind of material, there
fore, especially when there is super
iacent layer of asphalt which prevents
its driving is TO be regarded as dam
gerous to the neighboring gas-pipes Wheh
employed as a basis for electric CABLES
The cement and silica beton retains mols-
ture with extreme avidity, so that there
is an enormous difference between the
resistances of the same material stove
dried. or merely air-dried, the sto'e-
dried also rapidly regaining MOISTURE
The fact that European manufacturers
have been able to furnish American
v,arkets with a much cleaner and Detter
grade of sulphite pulp than is usuahy
nroduced in this country Is largely at
trihutable TO the careful removal, IN the
former case. of knots and foreign matter
bv hand labor. This expensive anu en-
acting process is now to be superseueu
and equal results attained, according 10
the Boston Journal. by means or ma
chine recently invented for the purpose
The wood Is prepared in the usual man
ner by passing the blocks through the
chipper. the chips being then taken up ny
a blower and discharged against steer
nlate which disintegrates them, and then
they are passed through the machlhe'
which cleans out the knots; this Is tank
or vat filed with water. After entering
| the water the chips are submerged by
machinery and taken to a carrier; the
| clean wood chips, suitable for pulp noat
| and are taken out while the knots ana
resinous matter sink and are carried OF
from the bottom of the tank.
The system of cooking and briquetting
refuse coal by washing and Jlgglhg' az
| cording to a writer in Machinery oilsl-
mated i'm Europe, and have there peen
Noticed 10 such an extent that almost
! tbrouqbout the whole Of the Comment
| coke can be guaranteed TO contain only
aortoin nor cont of ash, and it Is to
| This difference in the art Of washing me
| Goals that is attributed the compare
| lively slow progress made IN the
/ roanufact,lre of briquettes in America
TTrance. Germany, and Belgium lead IN
| this important industry. and there II -
| fully realized that the proper mechaiil-
! cal nreparation of the coal goes tar TO-
| ward making the briquetting OF an othe.
wise waste of coal successIul anu pi'"
| table That the thorough Washing vi
! 80, from, all slate and other impu-
| rifles is one of the chief FACTORS III uo'v'
| Whining the value of the product Is on
,.in,,s since the value of the fuel depends
| ,,,ai,iv on its freedom from ash' OF the
,,,,o,,1t of available combustible matter
| =. Contains this being also matter Oh
arocial inheritance where the fuel is 10
| - +ronsnorted. and an extra cost Is
,ddad for handling and transportation
rrnorrocesses of dyeing and printing with
| o1l,alina solutions Of aliZarine, &C. nave
| been largely introduced in textlle Inauu,
| featuring. The fibre Is hrst lihpresha'eo
- soIution of the alizarine or 9
W. w. a,,oetnff in an alkali-the dyestufi
aaI,,+ior-then with the respective NOR
5onts and afterward the color lake j.
J",.o,o,,ed nv means of steam; the oroi'
! -. radding machine. with not nue. IL
l'1. employed in carrying OUT tht
noass The dyestuff solutions Tor use
r. the dveing and printing operations
are prepared by dssolving ailHarIne' VI =,
similar dyestuff in an alkah-piel1,i ~
In ammonia which does not attain ~,
fibre in dyeing, but Voiatili Sarad in.
dissolved dyestun is again reiiueiou -
snIuble and deposited upon ana Wl'hn
80 fahric In this way the adVahtas'
49, .acured that on passing the npi
.broueb subsequent baths. not ollS ~
Contamination is prevented put 10 io'
of dvestuff is suffered
o, account of the many dangers az
....5,ro ordinary methods OF Dlaslihs ~
- ,oines a safer process OF loosehil'
- coal has long been desloeia'u il
ono device-a new hydraulic appara
.,'s"Mas lately been exhibited peIoie W
Ganchester GEngland) Geological ooeie -!
Ianes Yonge, the inventor anu ~
~ exnlained The apparatus Gun
NJ % hydraulic cartridge eighteei
saat1as In length three inches IN o,ah'e
, "a weighing thirty pounds; aiso'
w. hut powerful hand-pump' WIN
.-,,ro qauge of about twenty pounu
pl,N,gnt In using it the coal i nov
',sSerreath TO the usual depth' anu
- drilled near the roof TO ABOUT vi
80 denth as the holing IN ti,e san san.
go, &C for blasting. after whlch ths Ca
rtds,e is nlaced In the hole ana puHneu m :
.t'n bacl,. no "stemming" is required = II
. 49,, is coupled to the Cartridge. ~
Pur .ioo nine is placed in small poNui
,ater and work commences sei
VI .be gauge begins to show the risih
SoOIi balf n ton a ton, ton anu
pre- .,,,o TONS. TO the square inch. Durin
nan 49, a cracking sound is heard IN
TINS ~ the shearing of Of the coal a
uIo".n The gradual way in whlch III
the p@ -. do,e without shock or jar or an
Wolh :, Vents even the least damage
coal or roof, in striking eonlreSe ~ "a
action of explosives. The tiihe 1917 81,
,s roted at Y minutes-tnis ihciuon'e -,
1ootro of the cartridge in the noie, 0o 90,
pecting TO the pump, getting u s,1, ~ ~,