davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-06-10

The first thing the women will do when
they get into power will he to enact law
compelling man to love only one woman
at Il time.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-06-10

Some people are happiest when relating
some blood-curtllIng Washington
Democrat.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-06-10

A woman cannot chase man so quietly
that everybody in town will not know it
Atchison Globe
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-06-10

| can be content. Now for your advice.
Should | marry before l have seen this
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Notice to Non-Resident.

The State of Alabama, Jefferson County
 City Court of Birmingham
 Alabama National Bank, plaintiff, vs. J. P.
 Weller. standardization.
 Whereas, Alabama National Bank as plaintiff in said cause, has obtained an at- tachment out of this court issued on, to- wit: 18th day of July, 1886, against the .es- tate of the said defendant, J. P. Weller, which attachment has been levied upon the following described real estate, as the prop erty of said defendant, to-wit:
 Commencing at the intersection of the west side of Wells street and Vildibill ave- nue; running thence south along said Wells street 22.7 feet; thence westerly along the land heretofore gold by o. w. Wood to M w. Stetson and B. w. McIver 210 feet to a 15 foot alley; thence easterly along land conveyed by said Weller to E. F. Enslan 1855 feet to Vildibill avenue; thence along west side of said avenue south to point of beginning, 61.4 feet, situated in the town of Woodawn, said lot being a portion of land conveyed by O. w. Wood to Bessie M Well Ter by his deed conveyed Sept. 4, 1889, and re- corded in book 13S, D. 427 March 2S 1890, sit uated in Jefferson county, Ala, and where- as, it appears that the said J. F. Weller, defendant, as aforesaid, is nonresident of the state of Alabama.
 Now, therefore, the said J. P. Weller, wherever he may reside, is hereby notified of the levy and pendency of said attachment.
 Witness my hand thisT1eth day of Novem- NATHAN. L. MILLER. 4 nov11-oaw-3w s~Clerk and Register
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Proposals.

Proposals for coal for the naval station, Key West, Fla.--Dec. 21, 1S96.-Sealed pro posals. indorsed Proposals for Coal for the Naval Station, Key West, Fla, to be opened Jan. 5, lS97,' will be received at the bureau 0f sIPpnes and accounts E, navy a0 department Jan. 5, 1897, and publicly opened immediate ly thereafter to furnish at the naval station, Key West, Fla, 1,590 tons of anthracite coal The coal must conform to the navy standard and pass the usual naval inspec- tion Blank proposals will be furnished upon application to the naval station Key West, Fla, or to the bureau. The atten- ton of manufacturers and dealers is in- vited. Tie bids, all other things being equal. decided by lot. The department reserves the right to waive defects or to reject any or all bids not deemed advantageous to the government. EDWIN STEWART,
 12-26-2aw Paymaster General. U. s. ".
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
A Few Endorsements of the Press. !.

uiSNeo IL ueCenSdiy.
 Age-Herald.
 It always affords a public Journa. measure to testify to merit where it is deserved. It is therefore with pleasure and pardonable pride that the Age-Her- ald ions with its brethren of the press in testifying to the merit, skill and reliabil- ity of pr. o. T. Dozler. Principal of the Southern Medical Dispensary of this city. Dr. Dozier has resided for many years in Birmingham. and each successive year has added to his reputation, to his use- fulness and to the esteem in which he is held by our best citizens. His long rec ord and approved abilities entitle him to the proud distinction of standing at ''the head of his profession"
 (DaiiysNews, Birmingham) pr. Dozier, the head of the institution, Is physician and surgeon of education, skill and experience, man of culture and high literary attachments and a gentle man respected by all who know him. He can be relied on in all matters pertaining him most cordially to all those in need of his services.
 Bessemer Weekly.
 There is probably not a more highly educated physician in this section than Dr. O. T. Dozier. He is a specialist of many years experience and successful practice He is noted for his thorough
 
 his profession. and for unusual scientific attainments.
 (Masonic Guide)
 Dr. Dozier can be relied upon 10 treat diseases in the most successful manner and he Is known all over the south.
 Labor Advocate.)
 pr. Dozier bears the reputation of be- ing one of the most successful practition- CTS in the south. A personal acquaint- ance with the prncipal warrants the La- bor Advocate in giving the institution the warmest recommendation to its every reader.
 (Bessemer JournaL)
 Dr.. Dozier's reputation Is a brilliant one. He is a specialist of nearly twenty years experience in active practice and ia strictly reliable and has the confidence of the public and indorsement of the press.
 (The Southern Odd Fellow.) We cannot add anything to the reputa. tton Dr. o. T. Dozier has already ac- ouired in the line of his profession, but we know him to be brother Odd Fellow that can be relied on to carry out every promise he makes to those needing his services. ss sss cs.s 4,
 (Mountain Home. Talladega) s The press of Birmingham and all over Alabama speak in the highest terms of Or. Doz:cr AS physician. surgesn@and gentleman. and VIC have no hcsitancy in recommending him to those of our pa- irons who need his servicea-
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Chicaro ,Chanpe.


 Chicago, Dec. S1.-Wheat trading today consisted of evening-up transactions by To- cal scalpers. Shorts sold rather freely yes terday and in covering today lifted prices little over yesterdays close. The session ended at noon with firm tone prevailing. May wheat opened at S29sc, advanced to S3ssc, closing at S3hc-AQSsc higher than yesterday. Cash wheat was steady 10 firm.
 Corn was in passive and immovable con dltion. The business was so small as to scarcely constitute a market, whilst prices inclined to follow the course of those in wheat May corn opened at 2519c, sold be- tween 255sc and 25ssc, closing at 251ses257sc- a shade over yesterday. Cash corn was steady and without change in prices.
 Oats were quiet and fairly steady. Prices were slightly lower at the opening and early in the session, but upon wheat displaying a reviving disposition oats worked higher in sympathy. May oats closed unchanged from. yesterday. Cash oats were steady and unchanged
 Provsions-Very little change took place in provisions, traders evineing no desire to transact business. A strong hog market served to sustain prices without impart- ing any buoyancy. At the close May pork and ribs were each a shade lower and May uard 2l2c lower.
 Leading futures ranged as follows:
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Il thousands from our patients can be fur.
Alabama Christian Advocate

Alabama Christian Advocate.) The Southern Medical Dispensarv ,s the leading institution of it's kind in RIr mlnsham and has been instrumental in enectng the cure of many serious caEea and thus carrying healing and happiness to many homes. Dr. O. T. Dozier. head | of the Southern Medical Dlsnenssrv l gives his entire time and personal suner. vision to the work and brings to bear a caretul medical training in the best coi- leges Of the land and long and valua. bie experience in the treatment of special diseases His professional standinrr is unimpeachable and his character as a gentleman and citizen is above reproach. (winona. Miss Times) pr. Dozier Is a specialist of great repu. sation and has been unusually successful in his practice. He never undertaken case unless reasonably sure of a cure. He Is high-toned gentleman and can be con. suited with the utmost confidence.
 (Atlanta Constitution.) Dr. o. T. Dozier. the head of the South- ern Medical Dispensary of Birmingham, years year espsenes spes,ag, Of f.. nearly twenty chronic. nervous and private diseases and his uniform success has given him n lead- ing position in the medical profession in that city.
 Sunday Morning star.)
 Dr. Dozier's success has been simply marvellous and has elioited the most en- thusiastic words of praise and gratitude from the dispensary's many patrons from al, over the state.
 Sumter County Sun) pr. DoZiers reputation as n specialist has overstepped the Bounds of Alabam and he is known all over the south.
 (Anniston Hot Blast) Among the most noted and successful specialists in this country are pr. DozIer & Co. They have extended their business from year to year and the patronaxe given to them in the several surroundiur states Is most gratifying. pr. Dozier Is high-toned. polished. Christian gem tleman and has many warm personal friends r Anniston who knew him wears ago when practicing in Rome Ga.
 (Peopies Weekly Trbune.) .z
 AS a specialist pr. Dozier is unexceiled by any living physician. His reputation at home and abroad is such that pi,ysi- clans in this city and from a distance frequently send him patients that they are unable to cure, and he never fails to effect cure. All Birmingham Is proud and honored to have such a distinguished man as Q citizen.
 Dr. Dozier Is Georgian by birth, a high-toned. cultured Christian gentle man, strictly honest In all his deallngs and Financially responsible for all his contracts. M sse Address Sssass z
 Dr. Dczicr& Co.,,
 ?. O. Box i12 Birmingham. Ala
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01

Joseph T. Wilson vs. Katherine H. Ingram In this cause it being made to appear to the court by affidavit of complainant that nonresident of Alabama, and resides in Rome. in the state of Georgia, and further. that, in the belief of said affiant.. the de- fendant is of the age of 21 years, 1t Is there fore ordered by the court that publication be made in the Birmingham State Herald. newspaper, published in the. city of Bir- secutive weeks, requiring her, the said Kath- crime H. Ingram, to answer or demur to the bill of complainant in this cause by the 18th day of January, 1897, or in thirty days there after a decree pro confesso may be taken against her. 3' iss3rrs
 bone this the 11th day of December, 1896.
 THOMAS COBBS,
 12-12-oaw-4w Chancellor.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
FOR SALE.

ss95-For aTbeautiful broom cottage. lot 50x134, close to electric cars and macadam- ized road; at. Woodlawn; cozy home. $2,200-Lot 5lx140. Sd ave-. between 16th and 17th sts: 5-room house; easy terms. $1.500-Will buy "A acres of rich level land miles from Ahe court house: fronts 800 feet on macadamsroad: h cash, balance easy. $400-S100 cash, balance $5 per month, will buy lot 100x1@ with good Broom house; good well of waten fruit trees. shade. fence and out houses.
 s2-s5 casht, balance s5 per month. lot BOX 140 feet at Cain Station on East Birmingham dummy; these lots lie on a nice elevation: have 5stogether; will sell separately or ali together.
 .- . FOR RENT. $2g-Per naonth.. store $<Qom. lS15 2d ave. 2, t1S--Psr month resid9j3ce 703.19th st. 4i ss1.O0U--to loan at 8 per cent. ssss iS
 B. A. THOMPSON & CO,
 217 21st St.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
GENERAL COTTON MARKETS.
New York Cotton Market.

New York. Dec. 31.-Cotton steady; mid ding, ' 3-16c; net receipts, 1.431 gross, 4,- 53T; exports continent 2,423; forwarded, N7; Total today. Net receipts, 37. .970; exports to Great Britain, 5S,5S7; continent 4S, ,162;
 Total today Net receipts, 37,970 bales; exported to Great Britain, 5S,537; continent, 4. 162 stock, 1,254 125.
 Total so far this week: Net receipts. 2 173,N7 bales; exports to Great Britain IA, 527i France, 24, ,316: continent SS,503.
 Total since Sept. |: Net receipts S.2SD, 231 bales; exports to Great Britain, 1,66, S21 France, H3 937; continent 1, ,095 106.
 New York, Dec. 31.-Cotton futures closed firm; sales lc6 TOO bales
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
In Wall Street.

New York, Dec. 31.--Speculation at the stock exchange today was characterized by extreme dullness. The good feeling that prevailed at the close yesterday count of the sharp rise in Sugar disappeared at the opening of business this morning be- cause of an utter absence of outside orders and disposition on the part of the trad CTS to turn paper profits into cash, Sugar, the grangers, Louisville and Nashville, Man. haitian and other leading shares yielded Is to 1A per cent, but subsequently, Chicago Gas was taken in hand and advanced from 791s to 7i3s. Manhattan also developed strength, rising from ssss to 90 on the re- of the dividend. Near the close, the stock receded to S91s and Chicago Gas at the same time ran off to 737s. There were some inn S Four, preferred, eds sold @ at 4 and Brookynn Union Gas at So, drop of 10 and points ported sales. Tobacco after declining 2ss to, 7!1a, rallied to 7SS. Consolidated Gas fsll t9 M and Delaware oand and audson Issa and the latter at 116. Reading was rather stronger than the rest of the list, advancing elined 1b to and preferred 21s to 59 on the death of Mark Hoyt the. president of the The oss was sa3d yapasd Partial M to 401s. and subsequently, sold at 4s. In the late trading the market was entirely des- to standstill. The total transactions were only .S72s7 shares, including 1759e Sugar, 6,7oo Reading. 54oo Burlington and Quincy, cent, Sugar leading. Chicago Gas rose E, Reading E and Manhattan fl.
 Bonds were higher; the sales aggregated sa24,0
 Treasury balances: Coin, s122, ,OO9, oS4; cur rency, S57,4J1 ,s6l.
 Money on call easy at lHGl2 per cent; last lean at and closing offered at ?.
 Prime mercantile paper, 3l4QI per cent.
 Bar Silver, 643sc.
 Mexican dollars, 59s46t517sc. 8N
 Sterling exchange steady with actual busi- ness in bankers sbilfs at StS31A G4aSSs4 for sixty days and SASHA s4ha for demand
 Posted rates. S4.SiQI4.S71s.
 Commercial bills. Si.S2@i.S3.
 Government bonds steady.
 State bonds steady.
 Railroad bonds, firm.
 Silver al the board neglected
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
FOR SALE.

s1,750-Lot 5Ox140, with good Broom house, newly painted and generally overhauled. and Broom cottages. Will rent for $25 per month. This is close in on North Side and is rare bargain.
 s1.25O-Lot 50x140, with 4-room cottage, on Third avenu& west of Twenty-sixth st.; A cash, balance on liberal terms.
 $6.500-A 2-story brick store on Twentieth st., north. Rents for $50 per month; Is cash, balance 1 and years
 s750-Will buy improved lot close in on South Side and renting for s1o per month. This is a nice, small investment and can be bought for part cash E We have improved and vacant propertS in the city. South Highlands and suburbsy all of which we will be pleased to show at BAILEY, MCCONNELL & HOWARD, |
 221 Twenty-f1rst street.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Markets by l. Telegraph.
cotton Letter.


 New York, Dec. 3t.--The year closes with strong indications Of a bull market for cot ton Lighter receipts and big exports were too much for the bears and today's closing prices are fully 13 points higher than yes terday. March opened at 6.92 and advanced to roc, closing at 7.O5d7.O6. with the tone firm for March. It is this beginning of material improvement Tn prices that is the question that the whole trade are asking just now. A large majority of the local traders arc inclined to answer in the at- firmative, but all depends upon the receipts in the immediate future. If in the nrst weeks of the new year the movement should continue to dwindle, as we hope and pe- lieve it will, much higher prices may foi- low. But if we should have a renewal ot the high receipts which caused the recent depression the disappointment and disgust Of the bulls may occasion another set back We think, however no matter what the re- ceipts may be that no very serious decline can now occur The general tendency or the market we believe to be upwards though frequent reactions may be expected. We favor buying upon all declines and taking profits upon. moderate bulges. Tie ex- change, both here and in Liverpool, will re- main closed until Monday.
 -s RIORDAN & co.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
FOR SALE.

Nothing but bargains ever found their way to my list. Read and be convinced. $5OO-Whole block of land excepting lots oncar line near Woodlawn. This is improved and as rich as Jersey cream. You will have to get this right now or be left.
 NO9-Eaeh, 3 lovely 4-rooin cottages on 18th st., south. This is good for homes or as an investment. It is just like wheat at the mill and you can't go amiss to buysit. SO0-Will buy neat 4-room cottage in good location in Jonesvillc and on terms that will suit you.
 s1O5e-Gets neat cottage on 18th st., near 1st ave. q s2OoO-win buy No. 25OS 1st ave. This is a bargain. $45ess large lots on South Side; must be sold at onee s500-Here it is; good 4-room house; 2 largV1ots, we'll cistern. choice fruit trees etc, ,Fnear Baptist church. East Lake; $50 cash balance S10 per month. . S10C4 choice lots orf corner at East Lake. A5O-Lovely-5-room house on large lot, well located in East Lake. This property is worth $S00, but the owner is compelled to raise some money.
 s959-Pretty 5-room cottage on corner Ave nue H and 24th st. Your own terms. $500-4 stores with 28 rooms above at Iron dale. About the cost of the shingles on the roof
 $S00O-See me Monday about this great 2d ave. bargain.
 si2.OO0-No 1877 2d ave. Terms easy.
 J. K. P. LACY,
 Room POI Chalifoux Building.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Assi2nee's Sale.

On Thursday. Jan. '. 1887. at , p. m.. the undersigned asslgnees of V. s. Gage will rooms No. se9 and sl1 North Twentieth street. Birmingham, Ala, for cash. the en- tircs stock of groceries, furniture and fix tures. also six (0 mules, five (5) delivery wagons. and four (D sets of single wagon harness, which was conveyed to them by said Gage, aninventory and appraisement of which will be found in the office If the reg ister in chancery. Store open daily for in- spection.
 sa S4 R. J.. BAKER, JR.,
 s J. D. WEBB, JR., 12-3l-eod& jan17 ~ Assignees.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
FOft SAIIL. s22EAOne 4-room house and lot 24th st.

ss25AOne 4-room house and lot, 24th st., Browns hill.ss
 $2 5O0-G5 acres on Montevallo road. 8 miles from court house; 30 acres in cultiva- tion; two wells; one spring fruit trees and grape syines; this is a good farm.
 $5z5Iot 2Jx140 on 1st ave-, between 24th and Z5th sts.i Broom cabin on alley with sanitary connections, curbing, etc., ali paid {; renting. .now for $5 per month
 sS00-4-roonl, house now, renting for sS per month; terms, $100 cash, balance s15 Der month. Splendid location on South Side S1,5O0-10 acres, ? miles from N Birming- ham, on Huntsville road; one 7-room house and one 4-room house, with barns and well under good fence, good orchard. Price $1,500; one-haif cash, balance and years $900-2 acres and broom house with cistern fruit trees grape vines, etc.; 31s blocks from dummy and 5 blocks from electric car line. on Huntsville ave. Terms $20O cash, $200 March l. 1897; balance l. ? and years $1,750-100x140 feet, on 5th ave. near 18th st. Has cabin on alley renting for $S per month. %s
 L. G. PETTYJOHN,
 1S261s Third avenue. Telephone 465.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
New Orleans Cotton Market.
St. Louis.

,. St. Louis.
 St. Louis. Dec. 31.-Flour steady and un- changed; patents, S4.60@470; fancy ,S3.60qD 3.70; choice, $3. .10Q3.25. Wheat, higher; December 995sc nominal May, 912sc.
 Corn, higher; December, 2Oc nominal; May 22Ac.
 Oats, steady; December, 1sc nominal; May, 200.
 Pork, standard mess, new, sS; old. s7.75.
 Bacon shoulders. 450; extra short clear 49sc; clear ribs, $4.70; clear sides 4bc
 Dry salt meats, shoulders. $4; extra short clear, 37sc clear ribs, 4Ac; clear sides 43sc.
 High wines steady at SIS.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Liverpool Cotton Market.

Liverpool, Dec. 31.-12:30 D. m.-Cotton-- Demand fair; prices easier; American mid ding, 13-32d sales, 10000 bales, American, S.9uO; speculation and xport. 500 receipts 200, all American. Futures opened quiet, demand moderate
 December, 59-64d; December and January 57-6id, January and February, February and March, March and April, April and May, 56-64d; May and June, 57-64d; June and July, 3 5S-64d August and September, 57-6fd. Futures quiet tenders 7,400 bales new dockets and 100 bales old dockets
 grades, 1-32d lower; American middling fair, 11-32d; good middling, 1-16d; middling 4d low middling, sgd; good ordinary, sad;
 4 p. m.--January, 3.5s@3.59; January and February. February and March. March and April 3.67a3.5S; April and May 35s; May and June, 3.59 June and July, 3,599360; July and August, 3.6003.61; August and Septem- Der, 3.59. Futures closed steady.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
FOR SALE.

FOR SALE.
 ssoO-Will pick up a lot 45x1OO on 21st st., near Avenue r. $25-Each buys any one of four lots, BOX 40, on East Birmingham, dummy, near Cain Station. These lots are worth $100 each but $5 cash, $5 month takes them. You can afford to drop your work to come and get one.
 s1,7OO-Property on North Side, renting for SEQ per month in advance, being a broom 18th and 18th sts. tfS t,s2, ,2O0-5Ox14O wfth-6 rooms, on Sd ave- near 17th st.; $500 cash, balance $500 per year. $500-s50 cash, $10 month; good house in Smithfleld, less than block from Sth ave. $1,oC0-Neat cottage house on 18th St., porth. 1YG54-Jtf.g ts
 s1,6OO-Will buy 80 acres. near Thomas fur naces. ssg Ffff f4if4ss-. 1sfif s
 $400-10 acres rich land on Macademized road, near Powderly, easy terms. story brick. $Es tl.2s.1l1 - = Y, slloo-Fine, large lot on Highland ave, near 20th st.
 $1,75O--1OOx14o, with 4-room house, 5tli ave-, near 10th st. s. E. THOMPSON, Telephone No. N lS 215 Fist street.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
FoR RENr.

FOR RENT. s2cCottage, Sth ave. $25-Cottage. 7th ave. S3e0Cottage, South Highlands. S20-Cottage. South Highlands. s25-2-story, 8 rooms, 4th ave. slO-2-story, Cleveland. S15-Store South Side.
 FOR SALE. s2oOe-Cottage, 1st ave-. between 18th and EGth sts. 15co-2-story, s-room residence. blocks Union depot. Fl A. sl5c-Front foot Sd ave, between 18th and 2eth sts. s a s900-S1O0 cash, balance 10 months, lots, Johnston station, Woodlawn. $i0O-S acres and S-rcom house, Wood lawn. ssOO-ore-half cash, sex10o. with 4-room house, 18th st., between c and D. S25e-100x150, Jonesville. $20C0-S-room, 2-story North Highlands; s5o0 cash balance monthly $l2O0e-Store on 21st st., between 1st an1 2d ayes. sse.1-one-third cash, splendid cottage, South Highlands.
 R. J. TERRY
 91s 20th Street.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
Chicago Cattle Market.

Union Stock Yards. H., Dec. 31.--Cattle- Receipts. 7,500; market firm.
 Common to extra steers, $3.50GI5 40; stock CTS and feeders, S3G4; cows and bulls, $16OI A.; Texans, s. 500Df.25.
 Hogs-Receipts, 35,000; market strong to 5c higher.
 Heavy packing and shipping lots. $31Oa S4212; common to choice mixed, $S 25I @3.45 pigs, S3d13.45.
 Sheep-Receipts, 5000; market 10c higher Inferior to choice, S2.5GGp3.75 lambs. $35OQ 515.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-01-01
New Orleans.

New Orleans, Dec. 31.-sugar, firm; open kettle, according to grade, 2A62Ac; cen trifugal granulated. 3$4a3Nc: white, 3ss@ 9-16c yellow, SlstoS1af-s.. seconds, 2h9Sbc.
 Refined sugar.. strong; powdered and cut loaf, s45S; standard granulated, s4.OO; con- Molasses, weak open kettle, 1o72Oc; cen trifugal according to grade. 4Gl11c; syrup steady, 12G16c.
 Rice, dull; fancy, 5Aq6c; fair, 4@4.Nc; con- mon, nominal sLT5d4S5. Corn, No mixed and wlhte, sacked, sac; yellow, S4c.r . Oats, No. 2 western, 26c; choice. 27c.
 Bran, COG.
 Hay, prime, s125O915; choice. s1s01s.5o.
 Pork, $S.25@S50.
 Dry salt shoulders, 47s@5c; short clear rib sides dla449sc.
 Bacon shoulders, 54Gl5$sc; short clear and short rib sides. 5G5isc.
 Lard, compound 4l4Q4ssc; pure, 4A@5c
 Hams, 10Q10Mc.
 Coffee. Rio, 14hc: good ordinary, l1%c; common, 1oc; Mexican, good, 17Ac; fair. 17Ac.
 Cotton seed oiL strictly. prime, crude in bulk, 164161ac; in barrels, 18Q1S1s,; refined, 23Q24c.