Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1897-11-06

homespun, and patched over and
over again and made to endure
for years. Most of the laborers
endeavor to find odd Jobs or
errands to do, TO supply them
selves with extras and an occa.
tional glass of wine.
A recent report given by a
Parliamentary Committee of En-.
quiry into the condition of agri
cultural laborers contains the
following:
"lD response to circular sent
out, relating especially to the
manner of lodging; 35 communes
in the provinces of Rome and
Abruzzi reported total lack of
shelter, and in 53 commuues
there We're only straw covered
huts."
This refers evidently to only
lodging in the fields in summer
and during the time when the
laborer is absent from his village.
10 the question: "On what do
the people generally sleep ?" The
report from four provinces of
Central Italy lis as follows: "46
communes answered, on the bare
floor or on straw; l53 communes,
on kind of straw bag; aud only
rs communes that they sleep in
regular beds"
These estimates and statements
represent the extreme of agrlcul-
tural conditions, though equalled
and possibly exceeded in some
portions of Sicily and Sardinia.
In Piedmont the laboring clas,
ses are better fed and paid than ip
any other portion of Italy except
Lombardy. Their food consists
of: in the morning vegetable
soup and bread; at noon soup
with bread, cheese, potatoes or
cold boiled Goldfish prepared as q
salad; and for supper, which
is the principal meal,
they have bread, wine,
maccaroni, or a stew of cheap
meat with vegetables, (Which, be-
sides beans and peas, means any
thing and everything in the way
of green tops), but rarely roast
meats. The total cost is from 20
ito rs cents per day.
| The wages paid for different
kinds of agricultural work is as
follows: o.
Lowest Highes,
Farm laborers> men
per day ..S0.25 S 0.4C
Farm laborers men
per month ........ 600 1l.OO
Gardeners per day.. O3O O4G
Vine Dressers per day 0.4O O.5C
The condition of the iaboripe
element in LON oardy is essential
ly the same as in Piedmont, ex-
cept that there is larger proper
|tion of small tenant holdings, in
the cultivation of which entire
families take part. The cost OF
living and wages paid do not vary
materially from those given in
the preceding table. In passing
through the plains of this pro
vince, which is almost entii ely
level, and in which the culture ol
rice and dairy products are pro-
minent features, one is struck
with the predominance of females
who are engaged in field work
In general these are not hired
but are members of the families
of tenants. The proximity of this
province to the Alps, from which
perpetual ST. cams flow from the
melting of their SHOWS, renders its
products, by means of an exten-
sive and complicated system oI
irrigation, not only of easy cult
walton, but secure in their annua
results. The large and continu
ous movement of emigration from
this province, as we'll as from
Piedmont, to the South American
countries dates back to the TIM
when Garibaldi took part in theil
campaigns.
H The province of Venice has ,
limited area of arabic land, al
overcrowded population and al
i'll directed cultivation, all O
which tends to keep the wages o
, laborers down among the lowe
lplanes of a possible existence, ant
the situation of farm and othe
industries is in general much be
| hind that of LON bardv and Pied
J mont. Its long occupation b