The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-03-07
SOCIALISM AND ANARCHY.
olprrALIsTs AND woHhMEN ON
THE soOIALIsTIO MOVEMENT.
. uuret,s Inquiry Int the Social Question
Complaints or the workmen-practicai ana
philosophical seciaii.m-secisiism Really =
Long step Towards Perfect Ansrchisp.

,ops step Towards Perfect Ansrcbisp.
PARIS, Feb. l7.-"Enqusts Sur REVOLUTION
mtrsIre," BY NJ. Hurct. recently published. 10
,.rhsps the most important Of all documents
~ the study Of contemporary French ltera-
tar, II is q series of inter vie VS. with leading
.r,bors from all tho various literary schools
.h,eh divide the world Of letters in France at
,ho end OF tho century. These interview hrst
.r,eared In the Figaro and were AZ ;crward
,rhli,hed In book form. NJ Huret's new
toot. .Enquete Sur Ia Question Sociale en- Eu-
,o,. " has been composed Ia like fashion. II
,o,,sins interviews with n large number of
x.l.krown people, aud has jus: appeared In
n. hook form. In II tho social question 10 dis
chased IL capitalists. manufactured. Social
,.,s. ard Anarchists Of all countries. From
p,r,r Alphonse dc Rothschild to Gen. Booth
and III. Anarchist, Malntesta. from the Duo
a, ia EocnefcucAuld Doudeauvillo TO a Rus
.an day laborer. all classes. creods, and ma
,ioualitirs are here represented.
In his preface NJ. Huret saws that no gives
..the opinions when have been confded 10
m. inst us they are: sincere or lyins. excited
or discreet, even contradictory. Socialism will
be rloriled and rebuked; It will be proclaimed
imminent and will be assumed to TO
IMPOSSIBLE; It will be declared the formula
L oil sOflell's anu thc ihsntOu VI tho nounth ~
| far as am concerned, will report"
| For Instance, IL is the opiniol OF NJ. Guesde.
1 one Of the renrh socialist leaders. that the
p.oletariat is not a French party, nor q Ger
man. nor a party OF any other country; It Is
m lnterna ional nation Germany has / .540.-
VOC Socialist voters: Austria is eaten up with
the Socialist cancer: England. italy. Spail are
no, more exempt from It," Here are some facts
which sem TO Justify NJ. Guesde's assertion:
Wneu. IN 1886. Bismarck demanded OF the
IReGchs;av u loan OF sixt" millions OF MARKS
Ifor war exLerscs and an increase OF $4,000
Inca for the army. the Socialists prevented the
ltA,sa.e OF the bill. Upon this the Reichstag
WAS dissolved and new elections held. Thirty
l,x socialist Deputies were thereupon returned.
Irrpre enting tho l,54O.oO0 votes to which NJ.
IGuesde refers. II was n notable gain for the
lsociaists. In France, also. there are Socialist
Deputies In the Chamber. Although the move.
lmeut Is not so well ORGANIZED AS In Germany, II
I,snls rather to mere Sc than diminish among
The worSing neUple.
socialtsn then exists in considerable force
Iand activity. but how strong u menace It Is to
H.. existing state Of sosiety 1t 10 difficult TO
1dedure from VI. Huret's hook. The utter di-
s~ytrgenee o. opinion. the frequent di.ingen-
10 ,neSs of the persons interviewed. which NJ.
Buret remarks. make 1t extremely dinicult to
draw any general conclusion n. TO the spread
OF ~socislistic ideas among the working classes
OF Europe. still harder is II to discover
whether 10 Is considered as q menace by per-
tons In authority. Nevertheless. the interviews
O, some OF the more Intelligent Socialists and
less discreet capitalists afford certain facts not
without interest.
Perhaps the first impression one gets from
". Huret's book Is that capital does not feel
itself seriously threatened. SociAlisn strikes
TIE huancler rather as n hobby than . danger.
and he Is more inclined 10 laugh tolerantly than
TO be on his Kr~rd. Financiors seem TO feel
confident Of their ability to deal with any
movement which might menace the society
about them. Their attitude Is well expressed
by VI. de Hau.emann. President OF the Banque
| i'Es,ompte OF Perlln. | quote from VI. Huret's
Interview, with him:
do you believe rapiral TO be indispensable to the
ifs Of society; He N. as Haussuann) smiled.
reproduce mis- aenaltve. cold. profound accent OF
vonvLction. In which irony was mingled with the
ehhui OF repeating common places
Certainly. certAiniy. OF course. my dear sir.
Whal Is tue use OF uiscussips thati AMI. beside.
socialism menace. not only capital out the rnI.re
sociai NE. the whole of humanity. But toe move.
neal Is declining At present. A d here. indeed. we
ave against socialism,, LOOK you. 10 q strong GOV.
ernment ana a disciplined amy"
NJ. de Hausenann in perhaps moro ouspofen
lLAAA hAt 'hllNl lsitt Wy Va
but hc Is. nevertheless, typical. He io:resents
conservative force. sure OF itself and huro OF
the CAPACITY TO n.intain itself and TIC society
which Is essential 10 its well being. Movements
pay come and 60, hut capital remains.
Let Us look at the other side Of the picture.
In the Interviews v ith real workingnen. with
tie proletai lat. Socialist and non-socialist. VI.
buret visited several OF the most important
mahIfaciuring towns In France aud else.
where. lie interviewed the workmen anu re-
ports,haring found almost universal discon-
sLt. Al Creuzot, one OF, the chief manu-
lours IL day. and In the vast majority OF cases
te paid 3 francs no cents or under. A child
lo.n al Creuzot Is educated in the schools.
scnneiter. has established. He spends his
ehtfe life working twelve hours . day for IL
to 20 francs a week In tie sinoke and smell
LLd dlrt OF the forges. and. finally. 1: no is
careful and economical. he may retire at the
.e OF 90 with a ,ension OF 20 francs month.
Q. clolhed, housed. and n'urishsd. and strength
ilast be maintained for each day's labor. Yet
Here Is no active REVOLT; there are no strikos.
yh The contrary. NJ. Schneider's. workmen
nd made him Mayor Of Cr-nzot. When NJ.
.. 10 I isSlisd i"' yes y ,"s we "sFx vS.sa T for h hhns ~ ":
Know him; We knew his father: / svertheicss,
there is no lack OF workingnen who would
are. The day OF election they arc afraid that
,s.ore The ballot rnx some one viii see tLat
! q arr aT' a fra. ' tsa, ,h .SF will fl sssh ,Dsn.a oa ,s:';
"heh ssled 4 they did not desire to revolt
htte. u strike he answered that ''sucn q
WING is not even thought OF. What ono
wants Is 10 keep his lob and earn his days pay
y long rs possible. And. then. we don't
wan TO create trouble: IL mover lrat s to any
ulhg; We are not tho stronger. and then, and
taeii, were TOO tired"
Az RoubAiX, on the other hand, a different
s9rlt 90, aims, Roubaix Is the most important
industrial city OF the North. In 1902 thirty
~ Noclalist worEmen were elected municipal
COUNCILLORS from the town. Tho seats AT the
GENERAL council ana County Council we're car
neu ny the labor party. and at the present mo-
m,nt inc Mayor OF Rouba,x. NJ. Carr.tte. 4. u
SouIhtist' WIN carrier papers and keeps "a small
a,ihklrg house. In NJ. Huret's IMPRESSIONS
W h.ubalx, and, above all. IN the intery.e Wa
mn"h ne had with certain workinGmen there,
vns nhds that spirit OF revolt for which the
nnMotAerh Al Creuzot were ton tired" The
w,ol'h6WeNer, has Drought no reward. Lower
nstes AGd greater misery have hecn It's only re-
Nv lhe average pay OF a Roubaix weaver
p" Ltahcs Il week lS3l, or a little worse than
wY "ases az Creu2ot- In these inter vie Ss
,"mm the hnuhaiN workingmen there IL n con
GnHal wy oil starvation, OF FIFE AMI children
tavhIhR me essentials OF lie. Through Il all,
,uTM No. there i blind hope In the appiicG.
,,nmn CT Tue principles of socialism. What are
49, ~ prlhc'plrst Tor answe quote tire So
Ne programme CO detailed TO NJ. Huret by
" 'affeite, Mayor OF Roubaix:
,inme are gn!ng to BEGIN by school eating houses
\, ~ according 10 our Ideas. the chiidren ought 10 be
10, ".,''l u! TIE Ntate. II !, perfectly Inat, L. ii not.
~ receive n meat M meat at noon tIosn who MI
- ~ "a VIII "A AlH gHAAE aaN an