Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-01-12
FOR LASTING PEACE.
.c,o- AMERICAN sRBrTR ALTON
ror,TY SENT TO THE SENATE.
grSSsGE FROM THb PRESIDENT.


49,. senate this afternoon, transmitting
-. Ane.o-American general arbitration
1 treaty:
.ro The Senate. I transmit herewith a
..,,v for the arbitration Of all matters
u a.asrcnce between the United States
/ and Great Britain.
.rte provisions OF the treaty are the
..t of long and patient deliberation
,-5 renrcscut concessions made by each
..-tr for the sake of agreement upon
fs rncn. scheme.
4 .Trourh the result reached may not
-t tne views Of the advocates OF inn
mediate. unlimited. and irrevocable arbi-
1 ration OF ail International controversies,
.. nevertheless confidently believed
,.,i ,he treaty cannot fail to be every
where recognized as making a long step
a the right direction. and as embody-
INK practical working plan by which
! disputes between the two countries will
ra.h "a peaceful adjustment as mat
,.r Of course and in ordinary routine.
.Iu ,he initiation Of such an important
movement. 10 must be expected that
utte character. looking TO further ad-
vance. and yet IL IS apparent that the
fraty which has been formulated not
ory makes war between the parties 10
r remote possibility, but precludes
those fears ana rum0rs OF war which,
az themselves too often assume the pro-
portions OF "a national disaster
"It is eminently fitting. as well as for
trrate. that the attempt to accomplish
results so beneficial should be initiated by
kindred peoples speaking the same
tongue and joined together by all the
ties of tradition. common institutions.
uI common aspirations. The expert
reat OF substituting. civilized methods for
force as the means Of settling interna-
r0nal questions OF right will thus be
t.el under the happiest auspices. Its
Success ought not 10 be doubtful and the
fact that its ultimate ensuing benefits are
rot likely 10 be limited 10 the two cOun-
tres Immediately concerned should cause
10 10 be promoted all the more eagerly
The example set and the lesson furnished
fy The successful operation of this treaty
are sure to be felt and taken 10 heart
sooner or later by other nations and will
fhus mark the beginning of a new epoch
u civilization.
Profoundly impressed, as I am there
which this treaty affords, ] do not hesi-
tate to accompany its transmission with
an expression Of my earnest hope that II
may commend itself TO the favorable con-
sleration Of the Senate
iSigned) GROVER CLEVELAND.
Executive Mansion, January II, 1884,
SIGNING OF THE TREATY.
WASHINGTON. January 1.-THE An
el0-American general arbitration treaty
was signed I'm the diplomatic parlOr of
the state Department at twenty minutes
rast ~ o'clock to-day by Secretary Olney
and Sir Julian PaunCefOte The latter
v.. accompanied by Lord Cough, Secre-
tary of the Embassy The American wit
nesses were the chief of the Diplomatic
Bureau. Mr. Crldler. and Private-Secre-
tary Blauiford. The meeting was devoid
of any spectacular proceedings, the two
p.enip0tenuaries simply signing their
names 10 the two copies of the important
document. one of which will be sent TO
the Senate for ratification and the other
90 Lord Salisbury by a special messenger,
who viii sail on the Majestic from New
York on Wednesday.
The negotiations for the treaty signed
today began nearly two years ago, in
the spring Of 1885. shortly before the
death OF Secretary Gresham. which alb
upty terminated further consideration of
ite question at that time. The sugges-
uou was one In which Secretary Gresham
was wrapped up: and. although his con-
fercnces with Sir Julian Pauncetote on
fhe subject did not reach very definite
point the seeds were sOwn, which grew
rapidly under the impulse Of the crisis
n the Venezuelan dispute year ago,
irhen the Venezuelan commission was
|hry launched upon it's investigation.
Then ON March 8. 1896 when diplomatic !
relations between this country and Great |
Britain were under high tension. Lord |
Salisbury sent Sir Julian Pauncefote an |
Instruction 10 endeavor 10 renew the sub |
ject transmitting. al the same time, |
sX heads of a proposed treaty for arbi- |
fratiou boo ccrrain cases, the obvious ef- !
forts being TO Offset I'm part, at least /
me firm refusal of Great Britain TO con-
sent io the arbitration of the boundary |
question.
PLAN OF TREATY.
The proposed scheme was to supple
ment nee0uations by a judicial deter
m.naton of matters Of fact disputed by |
ne two governments; ard, while no |
binding award, was contemplated, the
proposal was excepted to provide
method of disposing Of very many causes
t'ANtt'.l WNlNn ilSHN III 100 f'NNNNi
friendly nations 1t provided that each
country should select two or more perma-
nent judicial officers. and when a ques-
lon arose. each government should de-
Nsnate one OF said officers as arbitrator.
Head directed the arbitrators, when
ever they disagreed 20 select an umpire,
whose decision should be an award. Head
8Wls as follows:
Complaints made by the national Of
A.e's OF one Power against the ofiicors
o. The other, all pecunary claims or
groups of claims amounting 10 not more
Uan 10000 sterling. made on
t.Aer power by the national officers Of
Ae o,ner whether based on alleged
"thi by treaty or agreement. or other
"'e' t claims for damages or indemnity
.llT ihe said amounts; all q0es-
us affecting diplomatic or consular
YN'l.se. ail alleged rights Of fishery
.'.e's navigation. or commercial privi-
.t.s anl an questions referred by spe-
III" Hsieement between the two parties,
s'D te referred 10 arbitration. in ac-
.aH. with this treaty, and the award
sl.l oe hnal"
eN.T head 4 differences involving a
-.sH sum We're after arbitration. sub
.I TO appeal. and the award was to be
''"ea by o. court composed Of three
NJ. hA' HNIlNtlt AOuil vi bAfNl !
"h ana three Of the United States
creme Court whose award should be
li made by a vote Of 10 I.
u,a4 8 excluded differences involving | I
.e.onal honor or integrity OF territory. ]
provided that any question might
's'e'rod 10 the arbitrat0rs. with the |
t-eNon that unless acceptable 10 ,
valid '"0"'u "0' 10
SUGGESTIONS FROM OLNEY.