The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1897-06-20

forms, and many new species and varieties
have been discovered
The climate is much affected by locality.
and varies from cool frosty weather to a
high average of heat. The northeast trade
winds blow the greater part of the year
and prevent the heat from becoming op-
pressive.
The soil is fertile and well adapted to
planting and grazing. 1t is estimated that
there are nearly 100000 acres of grazing.
land and $4,000 acres of arabic land The
mountain sides abound in forests, in which
there is plenty of ship timber and orna-
mental woods. Sugar, of course, is the
principal product. There were in 1890 be-
tween forty and fifty plantations, which
raised and manufactured about 10000 tons
OF sugar besides quantities of molasses.
Wool, hides, tallow, rice and bananas are
exported in considerable quantities. Near
ly all the crops of temperate chimes can
be grown but they are not profitable, be-
cause OF lack of markets. In 1890 the value
of the sugar plantations was estimated at
$32, 341 $50, owned as follows BY citizens
of the United States, $24, 735, Clio; by British.
S6,O3S, 100; by Germans, $2,O08 600; by Ha-
Wailans, $685. $50; by all other nationalities
$299, l0O The area of land under sugar
cultivation was 81, $40 acres, and the ex-
ports of sugar were 292, 0S3, $50 pounds
There are two theories of the origin of
the Hawaiians. One contends for their re-
latlonshlp with the Toltec branch of the
great Nahoa family of Mexico This
makes the Hawaiians the Oldest Polyne-
sian colony, from which the other branches
OF the family sprang. The other theory
supports the hypothesis that all the Pa
citic archipelagoes and islands were colo
nlzed by successive migrations from
Southern Asia. This theory has the sup
port of Hawaiian traditions
In 1881 the real and personal property
was estimated at 500, ,OOO the public debt
was S2,3lS,S00 and the postal savings banks
held deposits of S9S2.661 The foreign trade
was S7,69S,270, of which the United States
had SIS, 490 500.
The population in 1890 was $1,000. The
natives were 94,436; half-castes, 6,1S6; born
in Hawaii of foreign parents, 1895; Chi
| nese, 15S0l Japanese, 1880; Portuguese.
| 8,602; natives of the United States, ,92S;
| British, 1874; Germans, 1,034; Norwegians,
221; French, 20; Polynesians, 5SS; other for
| eigners, 4l9.
| The Islands were discovered in 1912 by a
Spanish navigator named Gaetano Long
before this several Spanish vessels had
/ been wrecked on the coast of Hawaii, and
! the survivors had intermarried with the
natives. Capt. Cook visited the islands in
| 177S sighting the islands of Oahu and
Kauai on Jan. is and anchoring al Wal
mea. Kauai Jan 49, After visiting the
|
| can coast but returned and was finally
| killed by the natives.
The Hawaiians at this time supported
! an elaborate feudal system, closely anal
| ogous to the system in Europe in the Mid
| die ages. Kamehameha l was the first
| king. In 1892 and the two following years
| Vancouver visited the Hawaiian Islands
| and introduced cattle on May 8, 1919. Ka-
! mehameha died after a successful reign,
| in which he had established his kingdom
| over the whole group. His eldest son. Lii
| holiho, succeeded him, under the title of
! Kamehameha II, with Kaahumanu, wild
! ow of Kamehameha l, as premier, and she
! IN influence and power was the real SOW
| ereign. Shortly after, on April A. 1920 the
| first missionaries arrived from the United
! States-seven men with their wives. They
! Immediately began to reduce the language
| to writing. The first printing was done
| In 1922 In 1923 the king and Kamamalu.
! his queen, visited Great Britain, where
they both died the year following. Then
! the premier became regent and governed
| until the majority of Kauikeaouli II,
brother of the late king, a period of nine
years
| In 1925 the Ten Commandments were
| adopted as laws, and a few criminal laws
were enacted in 1897 and 1899. The first
| Roman Catholic missionaries arrived July
! Z, 1927. Kauikeaouli assumed the govern
ment in 1888 as Kamehameha III. In 1910
the king and chiefs promulgated the con-
stitution granting civil rights to the peo-
| pie. On Feb. 25. 1913, the provisional ces-
sion of the islands to Great Britain oc-
| Cured in consequence of the hard de-
mands of Lord George Paulet. This ar
/ rangement was terminated, and the Ha-
! waiian flag was restored by Admiral
Thomas on July 81 of the same year. In