davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22

er with new bark quite extensive
wounds made by the saw or pruning
shears. The peach tree is much less
disposed to take kindly to tn, loss of
it's limbs. All exposed wood, be The
wound large or small, should at once
be covered with ordinary pal1t, liquid
grating wax or mixture Of lime
and lard. This prevents the exuda-
ton of gum and sap, and the attend
ant fermentation and decay, that are
pretty sure to come in the spring, if
these precautions are omitted. Now,
too, is the time to get rid of the bor
er. After these pests have once taken
possession of tree, the only way to
get rid of them is to cut them out
with a sharp-pointed, thin-bladed
knife. Sometimes a mallet and CHS
ell will be necessary, but not often.
After the hole of the worm is reach
ed, if he has penetrated the body of
the tree, small wire will reach him
nearly every time. Sometimes there
is sharp turn in his burrow, which
requires a little opening out with
mallet and chisel. But in no case
should a worm be left to winter in
the tree.
If the wounds made in this borer
hunt are pretty severe, it is we'll to
cut strip of tarred roofing paper,
foot or so wide and long enough to
make complete tube encircling the
tree. This should be larger in dame
ter by three or four inches than the
tree itself One or two turns of small
wire completes and holds the tube.
The intervening space is filled with
earth. In the course of a years time
quite severe wounds thus treated will
entirely heal over, and the paper will
be removed-N Norman Robinson in
Home and Farm.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22
Hot Beds.

A hot bed is simply frame to hold
manure to give bottom heat and to
forward plants sown in them. The
frame or box can be made by any one
with a few boards, a saw, hammer
and some nails When there is a
choice of exposure, select a south
eastern or southern one, and if posi-
BILE with some protection on the north
and northeast.
The frame or box should be eigh-
teen inches high on the north side
and twelve inches on the south side,
the ends conforming to the slope. The
width of the frame is six feet from
outside to outside, and the length &C
cording to the number of sash used.
The usual size of sash used is three
feet wide and six feet long. Strips
two inches wide are let into the sides
of the frame, flush with the upper
edges, so that the sash can be pushed
up and down to give air to the plants.
The sash, ready glazed, can be bought
from any sash and door factory from
$1.25 to $175 each. When the frame is
in position where wanted, remove
twenty Or thirty inches of earth from
within the frame on the outside to
prevent the escape of heat and to pre-
vent the cold from getting in, filling
in this space with stable manure just
taken from the manure pile. The ma
nure should be well pressed down and
covered with three to four inches of
good, rich soil. Put on the sash for a
day or two until the excessive heat
has passed off, then sow the seed in
rows about three inches apart, run
ming across the bed north and south.
Be sure and press in the seed after
sowing, either with the back of a
shovel or a plank. After the plants
begin to show themselves above the
ground, don't be afraid of giving
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22
Peach Trees.


The tendency with many, perhaps
most, growers is to let peach trees
look out for themselves after the sea-
son of growth seems to be practically
over If the trees are in grass, they
stay in grass. If there is an album
dant crop of weeds, they are left I'M
disturbed. This practice is undoubt-
edly very unwise one. The peach
is, of course, deciduous tree, and
sheds it leaves usually quite early i'll
the autumn. AS the leaves form the
only danger signal the tree can
throw out, there is chance that dur
ing this period Of bare branches, a
great variety of ailments may be
sapping the life of the tree, and yet
to the casual observer nothing I'M
usual appears. Borers, root lice,
starvation. and a dozen other lesser
or graver enemies may be preying
upon it's vitality, and yet the bare
limbs give no sign. 1t is only when
spring comes with it's new growth
that anything is suspected of being
amiss. If now the tree, like one of
our pestilence smitten southern
towns, with it's sickly leaves puts out
the saffron fever flag" the trouble is
at once pronounced a case of 'yel-
lows" and the tree is usually cut
down and burned, or left to die in
it's tracks. The real ailment may
have been one that careful examina-
ton, culture, or fertiliza ton six
months before would have promptly
relieved. 1t cannot be too distinctly
understood that yellow, sickly look
ing foliage does not in the peach tree
indicate the disease called ''yellows."
In nine cases out of ten it is bOrers,
root aphis, or starvation that ails
the tree.
To make sure of a crop Of peaches,
aside from the dangers of frost, sew
eral things are necessary-healthy
trees, clean, autumn culture, liberal
applications of we'll balanced ferti-
lizers, say containing per cent, nj
trogen, per cent phosphoric acid
and per cent potash, and constant
and effective warfare against insect
pests. The man who is a niggard in
fertilizers in the peach orchard is GER
tain to be a chronic grumbler, and
will always be crying out ''peach
growing don't pay" Such men are
perfectly right It doesn't pay and
never will pay with such manage
ment.
Tn addition to liberal fertilization
and clean culture in the autumn, all
necessary pruning should be done at
this time of the year. Some trees,
like the apple and pear. will soon COW
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22

1t will be seen by the foregoing
analyses what large percentage OF
potassic and phosphate salts are
present in the ash of sugar cane;
therefore, to insure a large crop,
these must be added in reasonable
excess to the land.
If all the droppings of animals
were restored to the land, it would
not nearly be sufficient to keep up
fertility, because of the large amount
of material removed from the farm
and sold in the markets, all of which
contains large quantities of mineral
matter taken from the soil.
Dr. Nicholas of Boston analysed a
fair sample of barnyard manure;
from 1880 grains he obtained:
Grains.
Water. 80. 80. ...... 80. $500
Combustible or carbonaceous
matter ...... .... ...... >. 8O6
Nitrogen ...... :. ..... ..... 20
Potash and soda ...... ..... E. Al
MagneSla IL
Phosphoric acid ...... 80. -. IS
Sulphuric acid -. ........ -. II
Chlorine ...... IL
Oxide of iron and alumina -. %
Silica or sand -. -. -. -. 1876
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22
Homemade Cassava and Arrowroot
Mill


We were lately asked by a farmer
in the Blacxhill Range how % make an
grinding machine. He had
arrowroot growing on his farm, and
wished to make enough starch for do
nestle use. The only method he knew
Of was to grind down the bulbs on a
large tin crater, but the results did
not compensate for the labor AS we
were once in exactly the same pre-
dicament, we cannot do better than
describe the primitive machine which
we invented, and which proved emf
nently successful. Being far distant
from any place where a machine
could have been constructed, not to
mention the detail of a scarcity of
cash, we constructed the machine as
follows: First, log about two feet
in diameter and eight feet long was
followed out by axe and adze into j
trough. At the head of this trough
was fixed a framework much like the
wooden stand of grindstone. A
large wheel was then cut from a
sound log. This wheel was about
three feet in diameter and one foot
wide. Tin plates, turned into graf
ers (Which required frequent renew
aD by punching holes in them with
a nail, were next nailed on to the
edge of the wheel, to which a wooden
axle was fitted. The wheel, when
placed in position, turned in the wa
ter with which the trough was filled.
Above it was wooden hopper,
through which the bulbs dropped on
to the Wheel This was turned by
man with ease, and the grated bulbs
went into the water in the shape of
pulp and starch. The latter gradually
settled at the bottom, and the pulp
was removed with a narrow tined
fork and also by hand. After a short
interval to allow the starch to settle
down firmly, pegs were withdrawn
from the lower end of the trough,
and the water drawn off. The arrow
root was then dug out of the bottom
of the trough and passed through
calico stretched over a tub. By stir
ring it round with the hand on the
calico, and at the same time pouring
water on it, the whole of the starch
passed through into the tub, leaving
the gross impurities behind. This OPP
GRAFTON was performed three or even
four times, until the arrowroot was
perfectly white and quite free from
any foreign substance. After the
last washing, it was placed on shallow
trays and dried. With the machine
described, we not only made sufficient
arrowroot for our own use, but we
sent a quantity home to our friends,
and sold the balance in Brisbane at
Is. per pound. This was in the year
1863. Such machine, however,
would scarcely enable grower today
to make a profit out Of arrowroot.-
Queensland Agricultural Journal.
The South Florida Foundry and
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22

Assuming that cord of barnyard
manure will weigh 5000 pounds,
there is contained in it, Water,
2,456 pounds; common sand, 1873
pounds. These, added together, give
1854 pounds of perfectly worthless
substances. If we still further sub
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22

cow manure, but to every form of
substance used as plant food. The
nearer we approach in the manure to
the ash constituents of the plant to
be grown, the more perfect will be
the plant and greater the yield.
Florida soils have, compare lively, a
very small per cent of soluble matter
but it is so fine in texture and pulver-
ulent that it admits of easy tillage
and ready circula ton of air to the
roots. We must take it for granted
that the so-called muck found in
freshwater lakes and swamps of Flor
ida is "a rich soil, or that it will prove
a good manure. AS a rule it contains
so much fannie acid that it is injuri-
Gus to trees and other farm crops.
Sugar cane (saccharum officinar-
um) requires warm, sandy soil, is
gross feeder, and must have plenty of
mineral food to bring it to perfection
and give it the largest amount or
juice containing a maximum amount
of sugar and minimum amount OF
molasses; in other words, the manure
applied should be a sugar, and not a
molasses maker.
The ashes of cane, from an average
of four analyses, gives:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22

The South Florida Foundry and
Machine Works has recently compile
ted for Lake county road roller
which will be used in making hard
roads i'm that county. Lake is full OF
enterprise and is earnestly at work
on the good road question
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22

An analysis made of ten gallons
(321 cubic inches), wine measure,
gave 51a ounces of mineral matter,
composed Of:
Grains
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-12-22


Sulphate of potash ...... 49,. 245.45
Phosphate of potash.... ...... 247.47
Chloride of potassium ........ 1900
Acetate of potash ...... ...... 984.3O
Acetate of lime. -. ...... 49,. 5547O
Gelatinous silica.. 49,. 80. 235.77
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11
POSTOFFICE IMPROVEMENTS.

It Is timely visit which Assistant Post
master-General Heath made to this city TO con-
fer with the postal authorities here with view
10 giving us better mail service. TIL" metro
poltan district has been the most lavish con-
tributor TO postal revenues Of any part Of the
country but Il has received the most meagre
allowance for It's own convenience. The great
income derived from the NpwYOrk office has
been used 10 maintain postal routes in back
districts and develop rural free delivery and
many other country convcniences. while the
merchants who furnished this money have been
compelled TO get along with most Inadequate
facilities To add 10 the injustice. large Part
of the money allowed for New-York went not
10 benefit the people here. but to handle the
mails of the rest Of the country which pass
through New-York as they go 10 or come from
Europe.
OF course nobody wishes all the revenues OF
the New-York office to he used here The ser
vice must be maintained as whole and the
New-Yorker wants his letters to be promptly
delivered in Montana as much as the Montana
man wants his attended 10 here But certainly
more liberality should be shown TO this city
than II has generally received The enlarged
New-York pleads for closer and more rapid
venient business and social relations. The new
ly aroused activity Of merchants and railroads
TO make trade with this city as advantageous
as possible should be supplemented with the
grant Of adequate postal facilities. The pnen-
matte tubes just about to be laid down by the
Tubular Dispatch Company will lead the way
TO quick delivery between some postal stations
and intensity the demand for the general ex-
tension of the system. New-York Is far be-
hind other cities in many featlRes Of its postal
service London has elaborate tube routes
which make possible the delivery Of letters
across the city and the reception OF answers
with what would seem TO us marvellous quick
ness.
The benefits which will flow from similar
speed here are not easily overestimated. Nor
are the reciprocal benefits to the pOstof'lce Ike
ly to be small When pneumatic tubes will de-
liver letters from the Grand Central Station to
the Produce Exchange in few minutes, more
letters will be sent and the revenues VIII be
increased That has been the story Of every
Improvement in the service. The Posofice De-
partment can make no mistake in deciding to
be liberal in dealing with NewYOrk and giving
II the aid Of all the men and mechanical de-
vices needed to transact business In the great
est volume and with the greatest speed
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11
THE PFAN or SOCOTRA.

Not yet "the age Of chivalry is gone Not
yet. nor ever will be while human nature to
itself holds true. The splendOrs of knight-er
rantry are past The valiant deeds that glori-
fed the age of force are done; happy II not for
gotten or discredIted Men wonder II the de-
fence Of Londonderry. the charge Of Balaklava,
the eighty-seven days at Lucknow, were really
as heroic as song and story tell them They ask
II Gordon of Khartoum were not more mad
than brave. They smile with cynical incrcdu-
lity when told how the dying crew Of the
Trenton cheered the Calilope az she fought her
way ont Of Apia's harbor 10 safety in the open
sea. They doub: thc tale Of Wilson's troopers
In Matabeleland singing God Save the Queen"'
when the last cartridges were spent and the
assega points were at their throats, while
the black hordes about them paused n breath
ing-space In utter awe. Yet each revolving
year, dsfyIng the dreary drivel Of mnterialsm
and rebuking the paie plane Of Mugwump
medocrty. brings to the fore some new, re-
splendent scene that shows how slight and
puerile are storm and wreck and woe and
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11
SUNDAY, JULY II, 1897.
TIE NEWS THIS MORNING.

FOREIGN-It is thought that the collective
note Of the Powers to Turkey will not have the
desired effect on account OF its indef1niteness
- The report OF the engagement Oh tne
Duke OF Manchester to Miss Mary Goelet, OF this
,ty WAS denied - The condition OF Nine
Lillian Nordica Is said by her physicians to be
grave - the American cricket team defeated
the Warwickshire players In the match at
Birmingham. - Strikes are spreading In
Italy and troops have been ordered out TO sup
press rioting.
DOMESTIC-The strike Of the coal miners
appears TO be gaining In strength; water fam
ine is feared In Chicago on account OF the snort
supply Of fuel. - The reply OF Japan to sec
retary Sherman's note answering the japanese
protest against annexation OF Hawaii was re-
ceiyed at the State Department. - C r.
Crocker. president Of the Southern Pacific Rail-
road was prostrated by stroke OF apoplexy al
his home in San Mateo. Cal - The iunerai
of senator Harris. OF Tennessee took place IN
the SENATE Chamber in Washington: the Presi-
dent and members Of the Cabinet were among
those present. Senator Quay announced
that he would be a candidate for re-eection 10
the United States Senate - Many more fatai
heat nrostrations occurred in this State and the
West.
CITY AND SCBURBAN.-Daniel Greeniea!
rhonnson died - There were a numper o!
prcstrattons and the day was the hottest OF
The season. Winners at Sheepsheau Day
Miss I,ynah Hugh Penny Hamburg Doupie
EVENT The Friar (Realization), Loiterer ana
lion Heart In the bicycle races al Man
haitian Beach, Waller. the winner OF the wv
mile contest disqualified ana tne rag rae
given to Barnaby. - Larned won the MIG
die States tennis championship at Orange. ~ D.
-. The annual regatta OF the RIVERSIDE acn'
Club for small classes Of yachts, was sai'eo'
- Stocks were dull and firm.
THE Neutrality-suspicious. for to-day: oho"
ers and cooler this afternoon. Ihe teWPeraMt go
Yesterday: Highest 81 degrees; lowest. -; aver
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11
PERSONAL.

Professor Clement l.. Smith, of Harvard, is to be
the next director OF the American School Of Clas-
scal Studies at Rome.
Ex-President Harrison has been invited to attend
the centennial celebration Of Franklinton Ohio.
town his grandfather often made his headquarters
during the war OF lM2.
On his coming jubilee King Oscar OF Sweden ard
Norway Will be the recipient Of an address from
the 3wedes OF Chicago. the cover Of which will be
modelled In silver, with an expensive ana elaborate
design by Axel f. OLSON, the artist.
The Rev. c. S. Sanders, missionary in Turkey,
contradcts in THE Springfield Republican" the re-
port that Edhem Pacha responsible for or ap-
proved of the Armenian massacres. Mr.. Sanders
compliments Edhem Pacha highly. and says: He
is the one Moslem official of high rank about whom
no Christian in these regions has uttered far as
can ascertain. one single word other than praise
Professor William II. Goodyear (Yale, VI. a., 1861
has accepted an appointment from the trustees Of
the University Of Chicago as professorial lecturer
on the University extension STAFF. The engagement
connected with his appointment is limited for the
coming season to the months OF October, November
and December, and after the opening of January
Professor Goodyear Will again take up his
tomary work In the Eastern States for the Brook
lyn Institute, New-York Board OF Education. etc.
Ex-Governor Altgeld tells this story on himself:
When he was running for Governor last fall one OF
his supporters asked a Swedo to support him. The
swcde shook his head and said: NO; that man is a
bad man. He Is an Anarchist. Socialist and every
he is not as bad as that" said Aitgelds friend. He
is a pretty good man. There no flies on him"
THAT Is we're the flies show they have got some
sense" Immediately replied the Swede.
The Emperor OF Japan has just presented TO Pro-
fessor Todd. of Amherst College an Imperial Sake
Cup" In recognition cf the Professors attainments
and OF his interest In the educational progress OF
Japan. The cup is bow-shaped and simple in de-
sign. II is OF ordinary red lacquer. and has no
ornamentation except a gilt likeness Of the imperial
crest, which is stamped in the bowl. In Japan no
article bearing the imperial crest can be purchased
The cup sent TO Professor Todd by the Jap
ancse Minister at Washington 10 whom II had been
directed By the Emperor
"rhe Church Economist" says: Canon Charles
Gore OF Westminster Abbey. comes TO this country
!n October not alone to attend the International
Convention OF the Brotherhood OF 81. Andrew at
Buffalo but to found In the United States. II pos
sible the Community OF the Resurrection among
Protestant Episcopal priests. This order Is an ab.
bate one but It's members live not In common. but
in the parishes In which they labor The order has
been started In Canada, but Is weak. and Canon
Gore who Is at the head OF II. Will visit Canada
70 encourage L. An American Episcopal clergy.
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

ccve that the root Of the difficulty Ii the excess
in number of mines operated and Of men de-
pendent upon mining. Such an organization
would seek some mode Of reducing the number
of men dependent upon the mining OF bitumi-
nous coal for living in certain States 1t Is
only in that line that the demand for higher
WAGES has any logical merit. 1t may not I'M
probably increase the number Of bankrupt op-
orators and idle mines. and until more prosper
Gus days bring a larger demand for coal and
better prices may force part Of the miners to
find other occupation.
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

4 Persons going ont of tospn. either TO sum-
mer resorts or country homes, can haze the
DaHr and Sunday Tribune mailed TO fhsm
for 81 Der month, or s2 so for 3 months.
The address scW be changed as often GS
dfNre6
TYareiiers in Europe can refe1s Inc
Tribune dnring their absence for S1.7S per
month, or a. S5 for 3 months. postage pre-
taid. Address changed as des'red.
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

others. It Is quite true, as one OF the men
quoted elsewhere says, that new lines are now
deliberating between this and other ports ana
yet New-York holds out to them no Inducements
but only the prospect Of having to fight mere
for privileges which other cities give away. IL
would be to the profit Of New-York to adopt n
system under which there could be no hesita-
tion. but this port would be chosen Mt once III
preference to any other on the Atlantic coast
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

man IL spending the summer at ws.tmInses: ane N
in the proposed founding Of tho order. The aobese
idea is said to- be growing among Episccpa, cIsrsy -
Gore will find men willing 10 join his order
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

The time to arbitrate labor controversy IL
before zeal has degenerated into fury. The
miners strike is still open to peaceful and
honorable settlement
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

At time when the parks are In danger from
the prevalence Of amiabe delusions-which IL
all the time-t is proper to say that the who'e
science of park administration consists In pro-
ducing uniformly and continuously the greatest
possible maximum Of utility; and 1t shouid
never be forgotten that the chief ingredient OF
a parks utility Is beauty.
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

to meet together and through personal acquant-
ance strengthen the common ties OF fraternity
and good citizenship.
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

The jaded phrase, Turkey and the Powers
may have to be changed into England France
Germany, Russia, Austria, Italy and the POWER
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

The new cable grip appears to be good thing.
but how about the claim Of the company that the
old deadly system could not possibly be improved
unless Union Square were given to it? Or was
that just bluff?
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

We congratulate the city and the Postmaster
upon the appointment of Mr.. Morgan to the OF
flee Of Assistant Postmaster. Mr.. Van Cott has
promptly done the right thing. and so far as a
single administrative act can go has guaran-
teed a faithful and efficient postal service for
.ba
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

Tens of thousands of persons will escape from
the city to-day and be comfortable and happy
by the seaside or among the hills We trust
that a great many of them will be reminded OF
the children whose only hope Of seeing the coun-
try this summer Is in the generosity Of con-
tributors to The Tribune Fresh Air Fund.
New-York tribune., 1897-07-11

In this epoch OF doubt concerning the sta
bility Of monarchical institutions 1t is the Gus
tom TO cast an anchor to windward by bringing
scions Of royalty up to some useful trade. We
do not know whether or not this precauton was
taken in the case Of the Sultan Of Turkey. but 1t
really doesn't make any difference II he should
ever be deprived of his Official income he could
make himself rich beyond the dreams Of avarice
by simply putting up at auction his absolutely
unrivalled collection of ultimatums.