davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

at any time to check 1t. 1t could be
done by the manipulation of his lieu
tenants on the floor, or in other ways.
In the morning hour, which was really
the only open way to anything not
privileged, the speaker called the COM
mittees and recognized the chairman
to call up any bills that their commit
tees had designated.
With the advent of the Fifty-fourth
congress this open road was closed.
The chairman of committees, under
the new rules, had the right to call up
bills ON the house calendar alone. The
rules specified all the bills on tho
house calendar should be bills involv-
ing no appropriation of money. The
appropriation bills, of course, were
privileged. Under these rules the
was one way by which bills could be
reached, and this was by unanimous
consent, but no man could ask for
unanimous consent without the recog-
milton of the speaker. If he did accord
recognition, tip to a lieutenant on
the floor secured an objection. Legis-
alton outside of privileged bills might
be reached ON suspension day, without
the speakers recognition, but the COM
mitteeS were again confined to the
house calendar. The only way in which
other bills could be taken up was by
the recognition of the speaker or by
a special order from the speaker S
mouthpiece, the committee on rules.
Speaker Reed was magnificent in his
power. He was determined, If possible,
to keep the appropriations narrowed.
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

so as to make the expenses of the gov
ernnent come near to it's receipts 1t
was a herculean task He may have
controlled, and undoubtedly did control
some of his appropriation committees,
but he could not control the commit
tees of the senate. They oVerburdened
the house bills, and four of them
failed.
The speaker set his face resolutely
against friend and foe. Very few men
could secure his recognition to call up
bills involving even infiniteSimal ap-
preparations.
No" was the resolute reply, "if [
begin l shall be swamped; 1 can't do
IT."
He was absolutely in control of all
legislation involving appropriations.
aside from the general appropriation
bills. He was imperator. More re-
markable nerve was never displayed,
He shed the curses and opportunities
OF his friends as the feathers of a duck
shed water. There were rumorS of
revolt, and the great wonder is that
there was no revolt Mr. Walker, of
Massachusetts, Speaker Reeds own
chairman of the committee on banking
and currency, mutinied in vain. The
house laughed at him.. In the Republi-
can caucus for the nomination OF
speaker fiery Rowland BlennerhaSsett
Mahany came to Walkers rescue, and
was laughed to scorn. Mr.. Reed was
renominaited for speaker without a
whimper of dissent
But the mutineers were not crushed.
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28
Speak er TomReed
A Man With a Strong Personality.

ruled by the committees. In these days,
however, the committees can report
their bills, the speaker places them
upon the calendar and the committees
are thereafter powerless. With slight
exceptions, no consideration can be
reached without the fiat of the speaker.
Singular to relate, the house itself is
responsible for these rules.
The Fiftieth congress will long be re-
membered as the filibustering congress.
John G.. Carlisle was speaker. The
rules favored the personal rights Of the
members, and gave the committees
power to bring before the house meas
ures which they had digeSted. The
personal rights secured to the members,
however, interfered at times with the
exercise of the power Of the commit
tees. One or two members had the
power, by simple parliamentary mo-
tiCns, to defeat the consideration Of
any bill reported from any committee
By such eXpedients James B. Weaver,
OF Iowa. Clifton r. Breckenridge, OF
Arkansas. and others, held the house
by the throat for days, and even weeks
to prevent the passage of measures
vital to the interests Of the republic.
AT times members, piqued because they
could not secure the passage of some
private bill, revenged themselves upon
the house, by filibustering. By this
course they could delay, if not defeat,
appropriation bills and all privileged
measures. They brought on and
dragged out night sessions to unseen
ly hours, and sometimes continued d
legislative day for a week or more.
With the advent Of the Fifty-lrst
congress and the election of Thomas
.. Reed as speaker, a change was
effected. This was made audaciOusly
and effectively. BY refusing to adopt
he Of I,n
new rules could be reported, the house
was left under general parliamentary
law. He began to count a quorum,
and refused to entertain motions to
adjourn or to take a recess. For two
days he refused to entertain an ap
peal from his decision as to his right
to count a quorum; but when, by the
rebuke of Maj. Mckinley, he did enter
tain an appeal, the house sustained him
in his action. This gave him ground
work for the change contemplated. AS
his exposition of parliamentary law had
been sustained by the house, it was
parliamentary law for the house.
The new rules were drawn up by the
majority of the committee on rules.
That majority was Thomas B. Reed,
William Mckinley and Joseph G. Can
non. Maj. Mckinley, in a speech on
the floor of the house. said that the
rules were drawn up to give the house
an opportunity to do business The
Fifty-frst congress did it's business
and adjourned.
In attempting to curtail the personal
power of the members, SO as to protect
the power of the committees, the house
| overreached itself The next two con-
crosses were Democratic. They at
| tempted to restore the equilibrium
! They suppressed filibustering by Civ
! ing the speaker enlarged powers 1t
was possible for committees to get
their work before the house under the
rules, but the speaker had the power
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28
"a Hard Drive"

Trene endOus as are the common results
Of these partnerships, eternal as are
it's responsibilities, the majority Of sue
cessful ventures are made without re-
f1ection, without careful weighing of
chances, without a forecast Of futurity.
1t is a business, but it cannot, has not,
and it will not hereafter be measured
by business standards at all.
The marriages made between men
who have calmly, icily sought out their
helpmeets and the women who have
accepted because this is the best chance
likely to present itself-these are the
unions which yield lifelong dissensions.
heart-wearing fault-fndings, and all
that total inability TO arrive at har-
mony which makes so frequent failure.
In brief, the fools are happiest.
THEY ARE NOT FOOLS.
But truly, they are not fools. A man
who buys a horse he has not examined,
about which he knows nothing, Of
whose habit and temper and ability
and training he is altogether ignorant
that man we may say is foolish. The
man who buys a parcel Of land the til
tie Of which is uncertain, Of the nature
and quality Of which he is ignorant
that man is foolish, of course. But
there are innun cradle instances-a ma
joTity of cases-Where successful ven
lures into the business of matrimony
have followed lines precisely as void Of
any attempt at judgment. Take man
Of q and a woman two years younger
If you know any thing Of life, you
know they stand a better chance for
happiness than if they waited and
weighed the matter and studied each
other, and committed to memory all
the ancient saws ard wise sayings un-
til he is 81 and she is %.
The good Lord meant marriage for
youth and youth for marriage. Many
a man twenty years married, living in
peace with his wife. could not, If left
alone, start out and find another woman
in all the world with whom he could
get along. He has never said a cross
word to his wife, and they have rarely
held opposite opinions about anything
Yet there is not another partner in the
world for either Of them. There is
nothing unusually amiable about her,
and nothing especially wise and
thoughtful about him. Yet they live in
unbroken peace. Her Individuality is
never erased, and his superiority has
never been asserted. But if either dies
the world to the other is a blank. That
other may make q new venture in we'd
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

There was a second revolt on the first
day of the extra session. Gen. David
b. Henderson made the usual motion
to adopt the rule of the proceeding
congress. Mr.. Hepburn, of Iowa,
moved to amend by inserting the words
for thirty days" Gen. Henderson
to accept the amendment. He then
moved the previous question on his
resolution. Mr.. Hepburn replied that
the house was acting under general
parliamentary law. as no rules had
been adopted. He held that the previ-
Gus question was not recognized by
general parliamentary law, alluding to
the fact that the previous question
cannot be called in the United States
senate. Speaker Reed promptly over
ruled him. The vote was taken on
the adoption Of the previous ques-
tion. and the mutineers turned in to
defeat it. The Democrats and Pop
ulsts aided them. On a rising vote the
speaker was defeated but Gen
Henderson secured the yeas and nays
The party lash was then applied, and
the speaker triumphed. Whether any
punishment will be meted out to the
mutineers will be seen when he ap-
points the committees.
The same rules therefore govern the
Fifty-fifth congress, and the same
American flag serves as a background
to the same domed head. The same
speaker presides in the house. He has
more power than the president of the
United States, because it is absolute
power. Amos ]. Cummings.
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

Wilson. 1T is the farm manufacturers who
are making the money TODAY. 1t is the men
who are taking their raw materials and
turning them into meat and selling. the meat
who are making the money. 1t is the fellows
who are selling the grain who are losing.
Take my region / live in the greatest corn
belt on the globe. We raise millions upon
millions of bushels Of Indian corn. There
are six states. including Iowa, which produce
over a billion bushels Of shelled corn every
year. II price Of this corn if sold is only
IL cents a bushel. If you turn it into meat ii
will bring you 40 cents bushel. That is the
difference between good and bad farming. 1t
is The difference between 13 cents and 40
cents the difference between big profit and
a big loss. The poor farmer sells his grain
and keeps poor, the good farmer turns it into
meat and dairy products and gets rich. Look
at it. The corn is worth 13 cents a bushel in
iowa 1t is shipped East and it is sold for
% cents a bushel to a man there who turns
II into meat and makes a profit or it may
even go across the Atlantic and be turned into
meat by one of the farmers in England
who will pay 10 cents a busEe for it. Think
OF the chance that the farmer who raises 1t
has to make money over the others
!, ! suppose that is the kind of farming you
do, Mr.. Secretary?'
Yes" was the reply. 81 have been rails
ing corn for more than forty years. and I
have never sold bushel. raise hogs and
stock, and feed all the grain that I make"
HUNDRED MILLION FOR AIR.
Speaking of Europe, Mr.. Secretary, what
do you think of that country as a market
Tor our corn. Secretary Rusk, you know
sent an agent into Europe to introduce it
there. They nicknamed him Cornmeal Muir
ply. Mr.. Murphy estimated that we could
easily increase the value of our corn crop at
least one hundred million dollars a year by
the foreign demand?''
THAT is all imagination" replied Secretary
Wilson Il don't believe a word of it. The
European farmers don't want our corn. They
know that corn is very poor in nitrogenOus
matter. 1t does not make good manure. The
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

Special to the Globe.
WASHINGTON, March 2.-There is
an American flag in the house of repre-
sentatives. 1t is draped from the claws
of a gilded eagle below the corre-
spondents' gallery. 1t serves today as
the background of a great head Thls
head has a shakespearean dome. Its
eyes are small, beady and twinkllng.
The nose is not massive, although
faultlessly nodded. The face is as clean
as the dome of the head. The mouth
is small, and is used for breathing as
well as for talking. The neck is snort
and thick. and the body that susta1ns
the neck, head and intellect is indica-
tive of great strength and endurance.
1t is composed of good, sound, healthy
flesh and bone, indicative of the char
acter and ability of its owner 1t fills
the chair of the speaker Of the house
Of representatives.
| have never seen a visitor enter the
galleries who did not fasten his eyes
upon the face of Thomas B. Reed in
apparent wonderment. This wonder
ment increases when Mr.. Reed arises
to put a question to the house. The
voice is resonant and powerful Every
word is distinctly heard. Door is
'dough-ar" and the bill is 'be-ill." The
drawl is pronounced, and so effective
that it would produce a tintinnabula-
ton in a group of very thin tumblers.
1t is said that this remarkable clear
ness of enunciation and pronunciation
is the result of a powerful will exerted
to prevent stammering. If the owner
of the voice should at any moment
lose his lf-possessiOn and become an
CRY or excited, the old boyish habit of
suffering might force itself to the
front and regain control. Certain it is
that the most remarkable thing about
the personality of Thomas B. Reed! is
his voice, his accent and his entire
self-control He never loses the latter
even when he bangs the desk with the
gavel Members must take their seats
Cbang, bang, bang), and gentlemen in
conversation must retire to the cloak
roooms" (bang, bang, bang). The voice
itself seems to reach the hearts of
the recusants, and they instinctively
find either their own seats, or sink in
the unoccupied seats of their col
leagues.
No speaker ever had as strong per
sCnality as Thomas B. Reed. No face
like his, or even remotely resembling
his. can be found in the gallery Of the
portraits of the speakers. 1t is a face
typical Of the power reached by its
possessor. The speaker is practically
no longer the servant of the house; he
is its master and proprietor. He dis
poses of legislative baronies and feofrs
and exacts strict allegiance The bar
onies are the committee rooms, and the
feoffs are the legislation referred to
the committees No Roman emperor
ever had more absolute control In
former days the house was practically
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

plish considerable by going to work in the
right way. There is a revolution going on
In our farming methods. Slipshod farming
Will have to pass away, and the farmer Of
the future will put in his licks where they
Will do the most good. What we want to do
is to show him where to strike"
I'VE are trying to learn this by means of
the experiment stations, which are located al
over the country. The men at these sta
tions are studying the soils, the climate and
the crops most proftably adapted to their
region: They are sending out valuable bule-
TINS giving the results of their experiments
and advice to the farmers in regard to differ
ent matters. want to see these bulletins
go TO every farmer who needs them and |
have already organized a system to get them
into the hands Of the right people. We have
already a list of a hundred thousand names
and we will soon have a mi lion We are
going to form syndicate of farm news for
the farmers. 1t will be Uncle Sans syndi-
cate, and it will not cost the farmers a cent
We will make the different states do their
share in the work. but we propose to push
matters all along the line, and to give out
everything that we can learn on how to farm
proftably and Well.''
Frank G. Carpenter
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

cestors for generations have made their living
by tlling the soil. l was born near Ayr
Scotland. My father wanted to come to
America before he was married, but his pa
rents would not let him. The journey to
America then was about as much of an un-
dertaking as a trip to the moon would be to-
day. So father settled down upon the farm
in Scotland. There l was born and there 1
lived until l was sixteen. Then we all came
to America. We settled first in Connecticut
and farmed near Norwich. About three years
later my father got the Western fever, and
we moved out to Iowa. at that
time far West. We came there ten years in
advance of the railroad. Father entered some
land. and l worked with him three years,
when l took up some land of my own. Well
1 have been farming from that day to this.
But. Mr.. Secretary" said !, what kind
when he was secretary of agriculture, told
me that part of his life he had been a
farmer and part of it an agriculturist. I
asked him what he meant by that and he
said that the farmer was the man who made
money by farming. but that the agriculturist
was the man who spent lots of money on
experiments, but usually came out behind"
Yes, replied the secretary, with laugh,
'and another definition of the two terms is:
The farmer farms the farm. but the agr:cul-
turist farms the farmer Well | don't know
what you might call me. l believe in prac-
teal, scientific farming. / have made money
in farming. At least I have made my farm.
l had nothing when ! started, and I have now
farm of thousand acres and good one"
How much is land worth in Iowa?"
cit depends on the land" was the reply.
within the past two years l have paid as
high S62 acre for land Plenty of our
land is worth SIS an acre, and almost every
where in Iowa farm lands are worth as high
as $40 per acre.
MONEY IN FARMING.
But, Mr.. Secretary, can the farmers make
money out of land at such prices? Is there
any money in farming, and would you ad-
wise young man TO go into it to make
money!"
The most Of our farmers In Iowa are max
ing money" replied Mr.. Wilson. If your
young man is the right kind of young man
if he has liking for farming and has enough
business sense TO farm rightly, he can dc
WELL In buying farm, however, he should
go out to look at the land with a spade in
his hand, and should know that some kinds
Of land are hardly cheap at any price He
should study the soil and the markets, and
become farming manufacturer instead of
mere raiser Of raw materials for other peo-
pie to make money out of them"
WANT FARM MANUFACTURERS.
What do you mean by that, Mr. Secre-
tary?' said ].
II mean just what 1 say" replied Mr..
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

woman's reason? 1t is the reason Of
unreasoning appiness-always
AS to her, she makes sacrifices. .evervr,
day that. were she older when first
essaylng them, would prove impossible.
She adds her existence to his and fs
proud of the sum. There are IirnitaI
beyond which she will not go-plentv
OF them. But somehow the barnus
they entered when the breeze of youth
was blowing evades those rocks and
misses shipwreck. Joined later in lifei
an ductiiity would have van1
1shed Neither would condescend IN
take the rudder And the stanncn
boat approved by judgment would
FOUNDER miserably In temper, in taste.
III naDIt, IN aSpiratiOn-nay in all that
makes the total summed in one word.
nature'-they become more and
more IKE constantly. They understand
each other without a conscious mental
process. They are one
IL IS folly to enter into any venture
without carefully weighing every in.
nuence which may affect one later.
II is IolIy Tor man to marry a won-l
an Wlth those tastes, fiber and modei
OF thought he is unfamiliar 1t is ut.
ter recklessness for a woman tn hind
herself to a man without having firer
calmly calculated the proba biIftias or
his turning out we'll" Unless thew
are young.
Ii they are there are a great many
more chances that they will become hap-i
PLY adjusted each to the other than
that they will fail. There are a greati
many more chances that they will be |
happy than there are in the case of
those who postpone the union until
they are older and wiser 1t may be-
folly, measured by ordinary standards, /
but it is none the less the everlasting.
wisdom of love.
SOME CASES IN POINT. ,,
Isaac loved Rebecca when he sa.UI
her at the well. lie knew nothing of
her. She knew nothing Of him Yesi
the current of their united lives rarfa
scores Of years to the gentle murmur-i
ings Of perfect peace Jacob lovedi
Rachel from the beginning. He want-j
ed her when ne first came to Laban'sl
household. And she made him q bet-t
ter wife than Leah did, though heI
waited fourteen years before he won
her. I
The wife Napoleon chose with his
heart made him happy The one he
chose with his head deserted him
when his sword arm was broken The
former loved him till she died. The
latter lived with him while he was
prosperous
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28
GOT RICH SELLING FROGS.
Origin of the $4,000 Estate Left
by n Maine Man


AUGUSTA, Me-, March Pa story has
gone abroad about wonderful frog farm
down in Maine, and the great profits to be
derived from raising frogs for market.
weekly paper devoted to hunting and fishing
doubted the existence of such a farm. and
called upon It's readers for information: and
though this call was made in January no
body has yet discovered where the farm is
located. About $50 guides, and as many
fishermen and hunters who are not guides
attended the hearing on the guides license
bill in representatives hall on Feb "a and
not one Of these men had ever heard of
frog farm in Maine or in New England The
French-Canadian guides, of whom there were
several present, said that their kindred up
around Montreal often made good wages by
spearing frogs from the mud late In the fail
and keeping them alive in tanks until the
New York frog buyers came around. These
guides believed that most Of the frogs used
in the United States either came from the
vicinity of Montreal or from France.
Though there may be no frog farms in
Maine there was at least one Maine man who
got rich by selling frogs legs to Boston and
New York hotels. His name was Weld and
he lived in the town Of Greenbush, on the
east bank Of the Penobscot river, some twen-
ty-hve miles north of Bangor Though a
blacksmith and an axmaker by trade he
made his fortune out Of frogs. His custom
was to provide the boys in his neighborhood
with small dip nets and send them out to
the bogs and swamps of Greenbush Milford
Greenfield and Olamon. For graybel!es and
Rreenbellies he paid the bows FIVE cents a
dozen and when they brought in dozen of
golden throated bullfrogs he gave them a
cent for every frog. In this way he paid out
money TO the boys and made money for him
self for about twenty years: and when ba
died, about 1880, his estate was appraised an
SIP eco. After the death Of Weld, his nephews
and nieces proceeded to divide the proDerty.
and as they We're well off and did not need
to work, the frog-catching industry was
abandoned
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28
What College Women Are Doing

Out of 40 college women recently interro-
gated, 169 teachers. 47 Librarians %
nurses. 10 journalists and 19 clerks. while the
remainder are distributed around in various
unclass-fed positions. The majority Of a
given number of women, asked in regard to
the matter, said they received less pay than
men for the same kind Of work A small
number were found who got the same pay.
and very tiny fraction of a number re-
ceived more money than men in similar posi-
tiOns.
The Saint Paul globe., 1897-03-28

OF course. man doesn't know his
mind until he is 25 or 80 years old, and
a woman is in no condition to judge
prudently and wisely until she is at
least %. But all the same, the mar
rfages made before men are 25 prove
Of more lasting happiness than those
contracted after 80. The successful
marriages, taken as a class are those
entered into between men whose hot
youth takes no account Of analyzing
reasons for alteration; and women who,
half treTnblingly, half blindly, wholly
happy, go into a state about which
they neither know nor have thought
anything, says the Chicago Chronicle
Marriage is a contract, to be sure
1t is partnership. 1t is a matter Of
business in a large sense. And if the
elements Of congenialtty be not present
the partners will not get along happily