The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1897-10-22
win the Coolies Come from Hawaiip


airy, for whose character and opin-
ions we have the highest respect,
antagonizes with ardor our conten-
ton that annexation OF Hawaii will
bring into the United States the 50,-
600 coolies now domiciled there I'M
der treaties between Hawaii and
China and Japan. Our contempor-
airy says;
A treaty has been negotiated be-
tween the Hawaiian Islands and the
United States. In this treaty it is
provided that the Mongolians re-
siding in Hawaii shall not emigrate
from the islands to the United
States after annexation is an accom-
plished fact. The Japanese and
Chinese in Hawaii are there as con.
tract laborers. Their presence in
the territory of the United States as
such contract laborers will be OBJ
noxious to the laws of the country,
aud annexation will justify their de-
portstion; but the treaty stipula-
ton by virtue of which the Hawai-
ian territory will be annexed to the
United States declares that the Ash
atics shall not have the right to
leave the islands for the United
States, but they shall remain, with
respect to their right of emigration
10 the United States, as if they were
in China and Japan.
1t quotes the constitution to the
effect that it and the Federal laws
aud treaties shall be the supreme
law Of the land. All of these quota
tions are waved in triumph over us,
and we are summoned into court to
plead to the charge Of insincerity.
We will now demonstrate that our
contemporary is perfectly sincere in
its Ignorance OF the annexation
treaty and Of the methods of legal
construction and of public and in
ternational law.
The annexation treaty 1--WE quote
from official copy provides in
Article III. The existing treaties
OF the Hawaiian Islands with for
eign nations shall forthwith cease
and determine, being replaced by
such treaties as may exist or as may
hereafter be concluded between the
United States and such foreign ma
tons"
"Article V. There shall be no
further immigration OF Chinese into
the Hawaiian Islands, except upon
such conditions as are now, or may
hereafter be, allowed by the laws Of
the United States, and no Chinese,
by reason Of anything herein contained,
shall be allowed to enter the United
States from the Hawaiian Islands,"
The treaty, therefore, is precisely
the opposite of our contemporaries
statement of it. 1t says, in terms
that Chinese derive no right under
the annexation treaty to enter the
United States, but it nowhere pro-
hibits such entry nor places them
on the same status as if they were in
China. In Article III it expressly
substitutes the treaties Of the United
States with China for the Hawaiian
treaties with that nation. This sub
stitutes, installs and puts in full
force over the Chinese of Hawaii
our treaty with China, ratified in
1894, which, by its terms, is to con-
tinue until the year 1904. The treaty
provides:
Article Nv. It is hereby under
stood and agreed that Chinese
laborsrs, or Chinese of any other
class, either permanently or temper
arily residing in the United States,
shall have for the protection of their
persons and property all rights given
by the laws of the United States to
citizens of the most favored nations,
excepting the right to become natur-
allied citizens. And the Govern.
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