The daily morning journal and courier., 1897-03-31

and in brief time he was again in the tolls of poverty.
 But during the years of his retire ment, MT, Jefferson founded the Uni versity of Virginia at Charlottesville and thus gave impetus and direction to higher education In his native state. He also wrote an autobiography and edited his speeches and papers at the same time, following the example Of his predecessor by keeping up an extensive correspondence with public men In all parts of the Union.
 James Madison also went to his Nir- glnia estate after retiring from the presidency, and was almost never heard of afterward, living in complete seclusion.
 MT, Monroe fifth president of the United States, like Jefferson, saved no money while in the service of his coun- try. His administration is known In history as the "era of good feeling, and up to that time the infant republic had never been so prosperous. But, as his term of office came to close, James
  forced to exert himself to keep the wolf from the door. Accordingly, he re- paired to New York and there engaged in the practice of law, being the first of the presidents "to take up his private business again" as a means Of earning a livelihood. He did not meet With great success. however, and his family keenly felt the pinchings of poverty. l By another strange coincidence the author of the Monroe doctrine breathed his last on Independence day, in 1881. But the post-presldential career of John Quincy Adams is the most re- markable and unique of all. When he left the White House. after the expira- tion of his term of office, it was his in l tention to follow the example of his father, and retire to his ancestral home to devote the remainder of his days to study and literary pursuits. But the people of Massachusetts would not con- l sent to the arrangement. They needed a man of wisdom, experience and integ- rty to represent them in congress. and so MT. Adams was sent back to Wash ington, to begin new official expert ence in the house of representatives He became at once the leader of his party, and really added to his fame by untring devotion to duty. His fight greatest parliamentary battles eve, waged in Washington, and the reputa- tion of John Quincy Adams would have been surprisingly great had he never served in higher position than repre- | sentative from Massachusetts,
 After a legislative experience ot twenty years in congress, he was ob- served one day in his seat, overcome by illness. He had been smitten by apo piexy, and expired in a half hour, hay. ing rounded out an intensely active ant useful public career.
 After two terms of unexampled ex. citement and party strife Andrew Jackson retired from the presidency broken in health and3 weary with tht conflict. He had been industrious IT office. and had impressed a strong per. sonality upon his country's history, as few of it's chief executives have done The first official act of his successor was to direct the surgeon general o the army to attend MT. Jackson to his home in Nashville After a tiresomt journey by way of Pittsburg, the Ten nessee statesman was conducted to thu Hermitage, where he partially recov cred health and strength. From ther' he exerted considerable influence upor the political destinies of his country He entertained with lavish hand, anc his Tennessee home became a shrine fo the pilgrmages of Jacksonian demo orats from every part of the country Until his death, in 1S45 thls picturesqu and unique specimen of American polit lcal life continued to be the prophe and law -giver of his party.
 Van Buren was still in the vigor o manhood when his administration cam to an end in tS41. With the exception of Washington, he was up to that tim, | the wealthiest of the retiring pres dents. and the leisure which was forced upon him gave ample time for cultivat ing the art of politics. He was, per haps, both before and after his presi dency, the most subtle and crafty polit ical leader the democratic party eve had. Therefore, immediately afte withdrawing from public life he set res olutely to work to secure renomina tion in 1S44 He almost succeeded, am would have done so but for the perfid, of party friends whom he implicitl, trusted. Through the organization which had supported him was split i, twain, he did not then give up the gam of politics He accepted the nomina ton of the Free Soil party in 1s4S. an had the satisfaction Of seeing the dem ocrats hopelessly showed under in tn defeat of Lewis Cass.
 His failure to then become presiden dampened his ambition. for he realize that he was getting too old to wait fo another chance to be elected or to on dure it's trying duties If chosen. Tn failure of the Free Soil movement end ed Van Buren's political career, and h spent the remaining years of his life a Kinderhook on the Hudson in an appa rently happy and serene old age. Twin until the country had been plunged int the throes of civil war
 Ex-President Tyler went to Rich mond after his term of office and wa known as progressive and public spirited citizen, taking great interes | ,,,I oil na1 of fai