davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1897-10-13
BOARDING.

HAvING TAKEN the House on Main
Street second door south Of the Nixon
House, am prepared TO accou roodate a lew
regular boarders, and also lodging aud meals
tc transient customers.
Terms reasonable.
MRS. ". B. SMITH.
Sept. s.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1897-10-13

Go tot. C. Scaffe for Stoves. He has the
largest line and latest styles. Sept. 20.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1897-10-13

The atmosphere became densely sCoky on
the 7th, the landscape being almost entirely
obscured beyond distance of two miles. 1t
is my opinion that this smoke came from the
recent forest and prairie fires in the north
west and west On the mornings of the 9th
and 10th there was dense fog. On the llth
between and 3 o'clock a thunderstorm oc-
Cured, with high wind, bail and sharp light
ming and thunder.
Paul Boyer, who was sentenced last week
to serve eight months ou the chain gang, got
into trouble by riding off on another mans
bicycle.
Remen Der We handle more Stoves than any
other dealer, and can afford to give you bet
ter bargains. T. S. Scaffe. Sept %
COTTON MARKET.
Sam,er, S. c., October l3.-Market to-day
5e5
Liverpool, Oct. l2, la97.-Market opened
quiet, closed apiet and easy.
Opened. Closed.
Oct. and Nov. 32-3l 80
Nov. and Dec. 3ze $50
Dec and Jao. 8 1928 3 1880
New York, Oct. 10, lss7.-Aarket opeOed
steady, closed easy.
Opened. Closed.
October e3l e23-24
November, 628 e23-24
December, s33 e28
January, e37 30-3l
The herald., 1897-09-19
Getting Rid of Ground SQUIRRELS

In California, where large ground
squirrels swarm in the valleys, hunters
make good wages by shooting them for
market. The young animals fetch al
most as high a price as rabbits, their
meat being tender and delicate in flavor.
hut they soon become wary and hard
to shoot. One method for destroying
them is to soak wheat in a solution Of
strychnine and put one teaspoonful In
each hole. This done twice a year viii
eventually clear them out Of q field, ana
one can thus treat fifty acres . day.i
Another process is to burn sulphur or
damp straw, and force the fumes into
the burrows by means of a machine de-
vised for the purpose.
But the most effective and the cheap
est plan is the invention Of Professor
A. w. Hilgard of the University Of Calf
fornia. He employs bisulphide of carbon
as the destructive agent. The crude BIZ
sulphde is a violent poison Of peculiar
odor, which soon causes death when In
hailed. Care must be taken in using ~
because 1t Is both inflammable and exsl
plosive. Its efficiency depends on ~
fact that its vapor is heavier than ~.
SO that when introduced into burroW.
1t flows like water into all the recornoa{
A small quantity-about two teaspoon.
fuls-is poured on q bunch Of rags whioA
is placed Immediately in the mouth of
the burrow. and the hole II clossd ovS3
1t. The occupants quickly ~ e IS
location. E. y.
The herald., 1897-09-19

should be a quarter Of an inch deep In
all cases. Cut this stick into four
pieces, each twelve inches and q half
long, and drive them down into the
holes in the base, so they will stand
firmly and in such a position that the
grooves will line with those Of the base
board, as shown in Fig. la. Before
driving these sticks into the holes 1t
would be we'll to coat the ends and the
hole with thin white lead to make the
joint water tight. To hold them in
through the bottom Of the base board
and into the ends of the sticks for q
distance of two inches.
Have a groove cut in one side Of an
other stick an inch wide and three
quarters Of an inch thick. As shown
in Fig. 4, this stick Is to be cut into
four pieces for the top rail. To make
a good joint at the corners, cut lap
joints at the ends, as shown in Fig. 8.
Care must be taken to get these very
accurate, and a sharp chisel and a fine
tooth saw should be employed in max
ing them. This top rail should not be
attached to the upper end Of the corner
posts until the glass sides are in place,
but when the time comes to unite
them, 1t is done as shown in Fig. 6.
Two round-headed brass screws will
hold the sticks in place; and II orna-
ments are desired, they may be at
tached to pins driven at the centre
Of each corner. as Is also shown in
The herald., 1897-09-19
SITTING 'DHURNA.'
Mahratta Method Of Set
ting Debts by means
Of a Starvation
Contest.

Many queer stories are told of the
persistence and clever devices Of the
collectors Of bad debts: but even q
professional humorist would find II
hard to invent anything more absurd
than the method actually In use among
the Mahrattas-at least, II travellers
tales are to be trusted.
In that country-so they say-when
q creditor cannot get his money and
begins to regard the debt as desperate
he proceeds to sit "dhurna" upon his
debtor-that is, he sQuats down at the
door of his Victims tent, and thereby,
In some mysterious way, becomes
master Of the situation. No one can
go in or out except by his sanction.
debtor to eat; and this extraordinary
starvation contest Is kept up until
either the debt is paid or the creditor
gives up the seige, and In the latter
case the debt is held to be cancelled.
However strange 1t may appear to
Europeans, this mode of enforcing a
demand is an established and almost
and seems to them a mere matter OF
course. Even their "Scindiah, "or chief
tain, il not exempt from 1t.
The laws by which the "dhurna" Is
regulated are as well defined as those
of any other custom whatever. When
1T is meant to be very strict, the claim
ant takes with him a number of his
followers, who surround the tent. and
sometimes even the bed of his adver-
sary, to make sure that he obtains no
morsel of food. The code, however,
prescribes the same abstinence for the
man who imposes the ordeal; and, Of
course, the strongest stomach wins the
day. After all, we have little right to
ridicule this absurdity; for our own
laws still provide, nominally at least.
for starving jury into a verdict.
A similar custom was once so preva-
lent in the province and city of Be-
mares that Brahmins were sometimes
systematically put through course Of
long time without food. They were
then sent to the door of some rich per-
son, where they publicly made a vow
to remain fasting until certain sum
Of money was paid, or until they per-
The herald., 1897-09-19

and down into the pail.
From a glazier or at a hardwarc
store purchase four panes Of clear
coach glass, or heavy selected stock
free from bubbles and wary places.
Have 1t cut to fit the grooves. and SO
than an eighth or quarter of an inch
will project above the top of the corner
posts. Fill all the grooves with white
lead; first. however. giving the wood
work two coats Of paint Of some desir-
able color prepared with oil for outside
use.
When the lead Is in place, slide down
each plate Of glass, and force 1t into
the groove in the base; then fasten on
the top rails as previously suggested.
After allowing the lead to dry for a
week or more, scrape of the surplus
and the hardened edges around the
grooves. A putty knife is most con-
venient for this purpose. 1t is better to
use an excess Of white lead rather than
to be too sparing of 1t.
To prepare the inside for water, give
the wood several successive thin coats
Of enamel paint or asphaltum varnish.
Finally. treat the outside to a finishing
coat of the original colored paint.
There are several good prepared enam-
els in various light shades, we'll adapt
ed to aquarium use, and they can be
applied to wood. glass. or metal.
Before filing the aquarium, put in
about quart Of water and hold 1t in
such a position that the water will
cover an entire seam. Each groove
and union of glass to wood can be
tested in this manner. If leak should
be detected, repaint the joint, allowing
some of the paint to adhere to the
glass. so that when dry 1t will seal the
fissure; and in painting the inside Of
the tank with the water proof coating.
1t is always best to let the paint go over
on the glass an eighth Of an inch or
so, even IL 1t does hurt the looks a
little; but If the line Of paint on the
glass Is evenly drawn with the brush,
1t will have a good appearance. Brass
knobs for ornaments can be purchased
at any hardware store If desired.
A substantial table should be made
for this aquarium, and a suggestion
for one is shown in the illustration,
where solid top and the upper ends of
the legs may be seen. The table top
The herald., 1897-09-19
FUN FOR BOYS
ATLEN0X.
Chestnuts from an Oak Tree
Clever Trick that Didn't Work.

It IL not q bad fate to he's ny IN
wealthy New -Yorkers up in the Berk-
shire hills.
In the first place, most Of the boyB
who go to Lenox for the autumn weeks
attend private schools, and private
schools have an obliging way Of OPEN
ing later and later every year. There
are many now where trouble dpes not
begin until about the sth Of Octpber.
Lenox has an October Mountain. r
is worth while to stay and sec It nush
red with the colors of autumn foliage.
There are plenty Of chestnuts and wild
grapes for gathering, and the Stock
bridge Bowl. which it il q point OF
honor with Lenox boys to call Lake
Mahkeenac, il the loveliest little nat,
round piece of water ever seen for
boating.
Somehow, one doesn't see 70 much Of
bicycling In Lenox as in other places.
The hills are pretty steep, and nearly
every one has a pony and knows how
to ride and drive. The chief festivals
of the season, the flower parade and
the coachius parties. all depend upon
tive power. :.
Hazel nuts and wild apples and
sweet-aag root grow in Lenox. Just a.
II there weren't any millionaires about,
and there is plenty of fun for the rich
mems sons-who are exactly like other
boys-in busting out to gather them.
One numerous family Of New York
boys did suffer bitter disappointment
in Lenox a year or SO ago. It had
been their custom to go chestnut gath
ering every year. One year the chest
nuts in the Lenox neighborhood were
unaccountably scarce; but the grand
papa Of those boys resolved that they
should go nutting just the same. So
into the woods they went: and they
were having great luck under q tree to
which grandpapa led them, when one
of the boys happened to notice that the
tree above him bore the jagged leaves
The herald., 1897-09-19
STOCKING THE AQUARIUM.

When your tank is finished and
proved seaworthy-for a leaky aquar-
.um in house Is worse than a leaky
roof-the next thing Is to stock It, And
it Is right here that the fun comes in.
The careful work of framing and ce-
menting the water-tight receptacle you
perhaps found something Of a task;
now you begin to enjoy the fruits of
your labor.
First, comes the general layout, -
dening in miniature. Here is a chance
to exercise your ingenuity to the full,
and the attractiveness of your aqua
rum will depend greatly upon your
skill in arrangement.
Get quantity Of clean white sand,
full Of small rounded pebbles. 1t is
worth while to take some pains in Sc
lecting the latter with view to beauty
Of effect. You will find abundance Of
material along the shore of sea or lake
or river. Remember that pebbles which
are dull when dry are often beautifully
lustrous in the water, SO it is best to
make choice while they are wet.
Spread this ballast evenly over the bot
tom of your tank.
Then procure a number of larger
stones of irregular shape, and pile
them up in the middle, so as to form a
sort Of grotto. The fish delight to lie
in wait under the shadows and glide
in and out through the crevices. If
you can afford to spend a little money,
buy for this purpose pieces Of tufa,-
a very porous stone of volcanic origin,
which somewhat resembles coral. If
you can get few branches of real
coral, red or white, it will add greatly
to the effectiveness of your display.
The next thing is to decide whether
you will have salt or fresh water
aquarium; though, of course, If you are
not near the sea you have no choice.
When that question is settled, you
must pick out your plants accordingly.
Perhaps 1t had not occurred to you
that you must have vegetable garden
as we'll as a supply of livestock on
your little aquatic farm; but this is
necessary to keep the water sweet and
your queer little cattle healthy. Fishes,
though they breathe with gills instead
The herald., 1897-09-19
AQUARIUM FINISHED AND STOCKED.

taken to seal Theoretically every crew
ice and joint, as the water will find
every outlet, however small, and will
gradually make it larger.
To begin with. procure clear pine
plank twenty-four inches long, sixteen
inches wide, and one inch and half in
thickness, for the bottom. The piece
Of wood selected should be entirely free
from imperfections, with the grain
smooth and even. Across the under
side of this board, three inches in from
the ends, fasten battens securely by
means Of screws driven at intervals of
an inch. These battens should be Of
ash or oak. about two inches wide by
an inch and a halls thick. They will
strengthen the bottom and prevent the
action Of the waite. from warping it..
Then, at each Of the corners and half
an irch in from the edges. cut holes an
inca square and an inch deep. and
with growing plane or a narrow
chise!, connect the holes by grooves
one eighth Of an inch wide and quarter
Of an inch deep.
Fig. shows a plan Of the bottom
! board. as shown In Fig. 1, A. Before
and holes and grooves on top; the
grooves should be made uniform as to
width and depth. and must always be
directly in the middle Of stick or at
the edge of a hole.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan Of the bot
tom, the dotted line showing the rela-
tive position of groove and holes, while
B indicates the position of the battens.
At saw mill or carpenters shop ask
for a clear pine stick, planed on all
sides and exactly one inch square.
Have two grooves cut in 1t the entire
length at two sides, as shown in Fig.
3. These grooves can most easily and
accurately be cut with a circular saw
an eighth of an inch in width; they
The herald., 1897-09-19
ELLEN 0SB0RN'S FASHION LETTER.
Ideas For Autumn as Exhibited to the Favored at Private
QpeningS

+ "sunburst" skirts are in the field.
AS regards skirt trimmings every wo-
man has free swing. The simplest tail
or model, untouched by ornament, is as
much in the mode as the most frilly or
f1ouncy dress or the most marvellous
model of tucks, folds or gimp inser-
tions.
Only one radical departure in waists
is promised. At the private opening
referred to, saw two or three women
absent mindedly lingering their throats
as they noticed the absence of high
neck bands. Instead of the stocks in
which we have choked all summer, at
the first breath of cool air comes low
comfortable band without even a mass
Of ribbon behind. A trifle of lace or a
mist Of chiffon is used for it's softening
effect, but not enough to obscure the
fact that women have necks, a point
which might have been doubted for
many seasons. The women who fin
gered their throats may not care to
show them. High bands have pro-
duced any number of wrinkles and
discolorations. II we wore them much
longer, we could never leave them off,
for a smooth, fair neck would not be in
existence.
Jackets and blouse styles are falling
behind guimpe effects, fichu draperies
and cross-over arrangements being in
favor. The swing of popularity is to-
wards dressy bodices of the same ma
terial as the skirt. These are trimmed
with odd frillings in laces, and in
unique and original devices for the use
of such soft draperies the modiste finds
the best outlet for her energies.
The colors most in favor for the next
few months will be wood tones, many
shades Of blue. silvery grays. green
and deep. dull red. with lot of sup
pressed fire in 1t.
Smooth cloths jostle shaggy ones on
the counters. The olive grey and opal
grey faced cloths and the deep red and
handsome brown canvas-patterned
The herald., 1897-09-19

Fig. 6.
At one end Of the bottom and at the
middle, bore hole half an inch in
diameter. At a gasf1tter's obtain
piece of brass pipe twelve inches long.
and have 1t threaded for distance
of three inches at one end. Have two
brass nuts and washers made to fit
snugly on the pipe, and secure it in
place through the hole by screwing one
nut on the thread three inches from the
end; then pass a washer up to the end,
paint the hole with white lead, and
give the washer liberal coat also.
Push the pipe down through the hole
from the top of the base board. and
paint the pipe again with white lead;
then put the other washer on, embed
ding it in lead. and screw the nut on.
The pipe will now stand alone, and the
connection will be waterproof.
Fig. Z is a side elevation Of the aqua
rum, showing the stand pipe at D,
and the joint at E: the dotted line near
the top indicates the water line; II the
box is filled to greater depth the
water will be carried of through the
stand pipe.
Below the bottom nut at e there
should be short projection Of pipe, SO
that a piece of rubber tubing may be
attached to it, leading down to a pail.
This will be needed when changing the
water.
A very good way to do this last Is to
use a funnel. to the spout of which
short rubber tube can be attached.
Hold the funnel against the side of
the aquarium so that the end of the
rubber tube will reach the bottom;
then with a pitcher fill the funnel.
Thus the pure water going in at the
bottom Of the tank will force the i'm
pure water to the surface, where 1t
will flow off through the stand pipe,
The herald., 1897-09-19
A good promenade dress is Of rough

A good promenade dress is Of rough
blue wool. The skirt Is slashed on
either side at the bottom and closed
with frogs of braid. At the top runl
many rows Of dark blue silk stitching.
The slightly pouched waist fastens
with frogs at the left side. 1t is cut
low with turnover collar Of white silk
and showing front of white chiffon.
An afternoon dress Of novel design ID
Of Scotch wool shot with bright colors.
The skirt Is trimmed with band Of
fawn- -colored satin braided. The
casaque bodice is double breasted and
belted with a length Of fawn-colored
silk that forms sash. It has fawn-
colored revers, square and edged with
braid, and opens on an ecru lace plas-
tron.
ELLEN OSBORN.
Copyright, 1897, by Bachelor Syndicate
The herald., 1897-09-19
OpeningS.

prised us if there had been any hitch
about their arrival, but the meeting
was shock, notwithstanding. The
compromise puffs, the little frills, the
Vandyke caps and the lace draperies
Of very moderate bulk, that for months
have acted as "avant couriers" to
bring down by degrees our notions Of
arm coverings were no preparations
But I am positively scrawny." said
a TALL thin woman, whose face, never
theless, was bright and attractive. I'm
tight sleeves my long arms will be
those of a scarecrow or a living skele-
ton"
"And my short Ones" broke in a
dimpled woman who was waging a gal
liant fight with plumpness that threat
ened to add too much to her appear
ance, my short ones will look like
sausages, two on q string, divided at
the elbow"
In the background lowered the mod
iste, anxious and bent on reassuring.
'The plain sleeves are most elegant,
ladies'" she repeated. Everybody
abroad is wearing them"
Plain sleeves, without expansion at
the shoulder, are unobjectionable on
women of good figure and even a relief
after the enormities of year ago: but
to the extremes of thinness or of stout
ness they are bound to be trying. I do
not think they will become universal
for months. The rebellion against them
has gathered force in the last two or
three weeks, but 1t has not much pros
pect of success. To plain, tight coat
sleeves we are coming.
Once past the rock of stumbling,
there are fewer pitfalls than usual in
the fashion vista. Most Of the skirt
models on exhibition were as narrow az
possible in front and on the sides; but
they had all the fullness they could
carry massed in two or three box pleats
behind. Bell designs and gored pat
terms, usually in three pieces. almost
monopolise favor, though kllted and
The herald., 1897-09-19

New York, September 9.-The private
opening becomes a more and more
elaborate affair. To tempt the fancy
and open the purses of women who re-
turn to town for day or two in Sep
tember after fresh frocks for Lenox or
house parties up the Hudson, the i'm
porting dressmaker strains every
nerve. Success depends on the first
impression. for these birds of passage
are of after barely touching the city.
Autumn days in the country are too
precious for dallying to deliberate or
bargain, and so the up-to-date import
er brightens her rooms and her counte-
nance, drapes her most taking dresses
on the handsomest models she can
call into requisition, sets out Russian
tea or Turkish coffee and holds her
breath to see how the bait is swal-
lowed. Invitations to such an opening
are dainty bits of stationery. and the
service and the display of flowers equal
to what would be seen at a smart party
or reception.
Such an opening I attended yesterday
with no little interest. 1t was a func-
ton OF Importance. for would 1t not
confirm officially or deny the rumors
that for weeks have been afloat OF new
deereea to which obedience is demand
ed by our sovereign lords and ladies,
the faphion makers Of Paris and Lon
DOM When entered the colonial par
lerA gay with nsters and gentians,
whare neat little maids were tripping
10 ana fro with trays, much as If wait
ihs at an afternoon ten. the first thing
netieed were sleeves. 1t was impossi-
BILE not to netiee them, for all the wo-
men present were exelaiming over
them. livery model whose duty 1t was
to walk UP ana down In French frock
like an animated lay figure, had per-
feet aflAA. These were needed, for. en-
easing the arms We're severe coat
sleeves We have known all summer
they were eeminE II weuld have SUR
The herald., 1897-09-19
HOW T0'MAKE
A WATER RANCH
. Your Glass Fenced Farm
Will Need Plants as
Well as Animals.
ODD KINDS OF CATTLE
Hints Whereby Clever Young
sters Can make the Aquar-
ium a Thing of JOY.

There is scarcely anything that boy
can get hold of SO fascinating. and at
the same time SO instructive, as an
aquarium, in which to keep fish and
small reptiles that live in the water.
1t will be no difficult matter to con-
struct a strong and spacious tank that
will accommodate two or three dozen
of these little fellows, provided the fol-
lowing instructions are faithfully car
ried out.
Making q water-tight box with glass
sides is, of course, matter requiring
some care; every precaution must. be
The herald., 1897-09-19

band of pale, creamy brown chiffon.
There were touches of red in hat and
parasol
An attractive dress just finished for
the trousseau of September bride is
combination Of hunters green cloth
The herald., 1897-09-19
Copyright, 1897, by Bachelor Syndicate

For general utility wear is rough
surfaced mixture in shades of blue and
gray. The skirt is trimmed with an
giles of black velvet. The basque is
scalloped and edged with gray satin
cord. 1t opens on vest of black vel
vet and this on a front of soft blue.
The herald., 1897-09-19

ished from starvation. To cause the
death of Brahmin was considered SO
heinous an offense that the cash was
generally forthcoming; but never
without resolute struggle to deter
mine whether the man was likely to
prove stanch, for the average Oriental
will almost as soon give up his life as
his money.
The herald., 1897-09-19

woods, silky and not so aggressively
coarse as last season, are among the
most successful novelties.
The newest capes are extremely short
and drowned in foam of frills. The
newest jackets have short, sharp revers
The herald., 1897-09-19

the golf matches at Lenox. I noticed
the other day a particularly neat tail
or gown. 1t was worn by a slight
blonde with brown eyes, and was made
Of a soft brown wool fecked in an OBJ
scure pattern with green and blue. The
The herald., 1897-09-19

of lungs, require oxygen no less than
creatures that live in the air; and if
left wholly to themselves they would
soon exhaust and poison the water of
the tank. But aquatic plants take up
this poison Gt is the same which gives
you headache in a close room and
The herald., 1897-09-19

skirt was trimmed down the sides with
a thread of black silk braid turning up
at the hem in a scroll. The waist was
tight fitting basque trimmed with
scrolls Of braid and opening under
nat collar and revers on 9. vest neck