davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

DIR. Weir Mitchell lecturing to a
school of nurses lately upon the neces-
sity of self control in emergencies. told
the following incident: Zone of his pa
tients, while in n low, nervous condi-
ton, swallowed by mistake a dose from
the wrong bottle. She shrieked out that
she was poisoned. One of the nurses
screamed 'Aconitep and began to cry
Historically The other nurse, seeing
that the patient was going into convul-
sions from terror, when relief would be
impossible, said coolly: Don't be fright
ened. Look here. taking mouthful of
the dose herself. She then went outside
to rid her mouth of it, procured an
emetic and sent for doctor and stom-
ach pump Her calmness saved the life
of the patient"
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
SLATE PENCILS.
What They Are Composed of and How
They Are Made.

What They Are Composed of and How
They Are Made.
Slate pencils undergo number of
processes before they are ready for use,
and in making them nearly all of the
manual labor is done by boys First
broken pieces of slate are put into n
mortar run by steam and arc crushed to
n powder, which is then bolted in n ma
chino such as is used in Touring mills.
A fine slate -four results, which is thor
oughly mixed i'll n large tub with stea-
tite flour and other materials, the whole
making stiff dough. Tho dough is
lneaded by being passed between iron
rollers n number of times, and 1t is then
taken to n table, where it is made into
short cylinders four or five inches in
thickness and containing from eight to
ten pounds of material each.
-Four of these cylinders are placed in
n strong iron resort which has n change
able nozzle so that the size of the pen
ellis may be regulated In the retort the
material is subjected to great hydraulic
pressure and is thus pushed through the
nozzle IN the shape of long cord As
tho cord comes through the nozzle it
passes over knife and is cut into the
desired lengths The lengths are laid
ON boards to dry and are then placed on
sheets Of corrugated zinc, the corrugation
preventing tho pencils from Wrapping
during the baking process. The baking
Is done in kiln into which superheat-
ed steam is introduced thronph mines
The pencils go from the kiln to the
finishing and packing room. where the
ends are held for an instant under q
rapidly revolving emery wheel, which
neatly points them.
Finally they are packed in pasteboard
boxes. 100 pencils i'll each box. then 100
of the pasteboard boxes are packed i'll a
wooden box, and they are ready for
shipment. Philadelphia Times.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
THE NAVAL CHAPLAIN.
Hls oniciai Station and Duties In Time of
Hattie,

The chaplain $ official station in most
ship ceremonies and in time Of battle is
at the sick bay, where lie the sick. Dis
ciplino and fresh air are wonderful pre-
servatiycs of health, and II chaplain s
duties to the sick in times Of peace are
very light. At naval hospitals however,
whittier are brought from the ships the
very sick and the seriously wounded, II
chaplain finds ample field for the exer-
ciso of that tender sympathy which
wins souls to God and for the minister
ing of the consultations of religion 1t is
also the duty of the chaplain to assist
at naval burials The regulations re-
quire that Christian burial be provided
for all men who die in the service. II
possible, the body is inferred with the
rites Of the church to which the deceas-
ed had belonged When this sad duty is
required at sea. the ship is hove to, the
flag displayed Mt half mast and the Off
GERS and men arc mustered on deck to
pay thoir last tribute to the departed.
The funeral services follow, and tho
body is then consigned to the deep A
guard of honor fires three volleys over
the watery grave and the bugler sounds
the last taps sad, mournful notes of
the bugle which tell of tho hour of
sleep If tho death occur at n hospital.
an escort and Il guard of honor from tho
ship to which the deceased had been at
tachcd accompany tho funeral cortege
to the grave AS the procession enters
the cemetery tho bugler precedes, fol-
lowed by the chaplain. This spectacle
is always impressive. 1t naturally sug
gests the prayer that angels, led by the
angel guardian, may bear the soul of
the deceased before tho throne of God
ms friends bear tho body to the grave;
that the angel at the Judgment seat
may proclaim welcome, joy and glad
ness MS the bugler ut the grave recalls
loss, sadness and regret. $
Magazine
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
Unaucountable Ignorance.

AS trolley car turned off from Full
ton street, Brooklyn, the other afternoon
and came to standstill woman got
off who attracted attention by her slow
and painful movements, and woman
got ON who moved with equal slowness
and effort. Both We're very lame. This
incident afforded an opening for the
conductor, who said to passenger on
the platform: lit beats all the number
of lame people You see lately in this
town. ! wonder where they all come
from. I"
"Oh, you do, and you the conductor
of trolley carp" was the sarcastic re-
ply of the passenger New York Times.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
THE NEW APHRODITE.

Out Of tie deep sea stream,
Into the hight and the air,
Rose like gracious dream
Venus, the fair
How much of sorrow and rue,
How much of Joy and peace,
Sprang that day from the blue
Waters of Greecel
Oh, from a Cyclad's verge
Or swift galley's prov to have seen
Her, the world wonder, emerge,
Yelled in the sheen
OF her glorious sea dripping locks,
Buoyant of limb and as bright
As the sole star that leads out the focks
OF the shepherdess Night
But what avails 1t to sigh
For glimpse Of that day withdrawn
Not for long in the sky
Stays the fair dawn.
Ours the nobler lot
Under tho broad noontido,
Gazing, TO falter not, n.
Till from the wide
Ocean Of life we behold, n
Rising in splendor and might.
Fairer than Venus Of old,
Calmer than Night,
Purer than Dawn or the blue
Depths of ether untTod,
Nature, the only, the true
Daughter Of God.
w. p. Trent In Dial.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

The temperature of the atmosphere
cools, ON an average, about one degree
for every 800 feet that we ascend or
warns ut the same rate as we descend
The mean temperature at the north
pole is and at tho equator between so
and 30 degrees We can. therefore, get
into temperature one degree colder
for every 90 or so miles that we travel
north, and in temperature one degree
warmer for every 20 or so miles that
We travel south PHILADELPHIA Times
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
JNO. R. TREWIN & CO.,
UNION ST., COR. CoRYELL, LAMBERTVlLlE, N. J.
THE OUTDOOR CHURCH.

Tho carven pillars Of the trees
The lowered mosaic of the grass,
The green transparent trnceries
OF leaf ON leaf that lightly lies
And lightly moves when hreczes pass,
Tho anthem of the waterfall
My chorister the bluclthirds lay,
And. minRling with, autfusing ALL
Bernie by the wind and still let fall,
Tho incense of the new mown hay
This Is my church, my altar There.
Hcre earth the kindly mother, ltneels.
Her mighty hands outspread in prayer,
While u'er her brow the sunny air,
south wind full Of blessing, stenls.
She wraps mo in her mnntle fold.
kneel and pray beside her there
As children do whom mothers hold,
And living air and sunlight gold
And weed and meadow prny with me.
Eva Koane in Spectator
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Cascarets Candy Cathartic, the most Won
derful medical discovery of the age, pleas
ant and refreshing to the taste, act gently
and positively ON kidneys, liver and bowels,
cleansing the entire system. dispel colds,
cure headache, fever, habitual constipation
and biliousness Please buy and try box
of g. &. G. to-day; 10, -, 30 cents. Sold and
guaranteed to cure by all druggists.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
LAMBERTVILLE NATIONAL BANK,
LAMBERTVILIE n I.

The Bank will be opened at 9 O'Clock, A. NJ. and
close at o'clock, P. NJ, all business days, ex-
eept Saturdays, when the closing time will be /
O'Clock, p NJ.
All legal holidays observed.
Stated meetings of the Directors every Monday,
at 10 O'Clock, A. NJ.
SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES TO RENT at Eve and
seven dollars per year.
Coupons cashed and dividends and interest col
lected
WILLS, when enclosed in sealed envelopes and
accompanied with written instructions as TO their
delivery, in case of death, will be receipted for
and kept, free of charge.
STOCKS AND SECURITIES PURCHASED for
patrons of the Bank, at market prices.
We respectfully solicit accounts and offer every
accommodation consistent with conservative
banking.
ISAIAH p. SMITH,
Cashier.
Fob IN 1000 80
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Leave Lambertvile for Manunka Chunk BIB
1920 m. f39, 5.G7 and s.23 M Sunday, s.23 M
days.
Leave Frenchtown 9 05. i0.47 am. 2n $50 AMI
s49 IN week -days s 40 p IN sundays. For PM
lipsburg and Easton only, 702 p m.
Arrive at Phillipsburg 40 and ll,2l a m, 10,
56s 7.3b and 9.20 p m. sunday $40 p.
Leave Phillipsburg : rs, 9.45 and II q M 2.5a,
Goa and 9.25 m. sunday, 925 m.
Arrive Belvidere 1853. 1922 and 1l.53 m, .
G.S2, 9.5i p IN. Sunday, ISL pm.
Arrive Manunka Chunk sos, 1880 and 1873 M,
$50, 6.38 aud 9.5S nj. sunday, 95s p M.
Additional trains leave Belvidere for Manunka
Chunk 700 and $50 m, and go m. sunday.
700 m Returning, leave Mannnka chunk Tor
Belvldere s.25 104s m, 420, Gao and 1900 p M,
Sunday, 1000 pm.
Freight or mixed trains leaving Manunka
Chunk at 100 m, Belyidere 6l5 m, Martins
Creek .35 a m. arriving Lehigh Junction .hS m,
will carry passengers and make stops at nag sta
tons north of Phillipsburg.
Passengers for Broad Street Station, fhtladel-
phia, by trains leaving Manunka Chunk 20 IN
daily, and 12S7 5.2t IN weekdays, and leaving
Phillipsburg s co a IN daily, l.07 and $50 M
week days go through without change at Treu-
ton. A through ear for Manunka Chunk Is at
iached 10 trains leaving Broad Street station a.
sos 900 IN, 1900 noon, and 50, p m. Hy all
other trains passengers TO or from htoad street
STALLION change ears at trenton.
Connection is made at Mapunka CHUNK with
Delaware, Laekawanna 4 Western Railroad lie.
high junction with Lehigh Valley ,Lehigh 4 Sus
quehADna Morris Essex and New j erBey Contra
Railroads. At Lambertville with Pennington Rail
road AtTrenton with trains to and from Ne.
York, Camden, &c,
Forfurtber Information see timetables, which
can be obtained at the ticket ofaoes
], Il. Woop.
General Passenger Agent.
]. r. HUTCHINSON
General Manager
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

1t is an extraordinary fact that only
two presidents were born between April
and October. The record by months is
as follows; january, .; February. 8;
March, A; April, l July, 1 F.; August. l |;
October, 3; November, 4; December. 2.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
Singing and Milking.

In Switzerland n milbmaid or milk
man gets better wages if gifted with
good voice, because it has been discov-
cred that COW will yield one-tifth moro
milk if soothed during the milking by a
pleasing melody.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

In Russia women householders vote
for all elective officers and ON all local
matters
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Leave Lambertvlle for Pennington Il m, ? IL
and sos p m, weekdays.
Arrive Pennington 915 III, 255 and $40 m.
weekdays.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Educate Your Bowels with Cascarets.
Candy Cathartic, cure constipation forever.
i9c. csc II C. c, c. fail, druggists refund money.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
PROPERTIES FOR SALE.

Quarter Acre Lot on Brunswick Turnpike near
city limits.
3 Acre Lot with small Frame House and Barn
near Lambertvile.
Eight Room Brick Dwelling with cellar aud
attic and large lot, on Cottage Hill.
10 acre lot with frame house and barn and apple
orchard. near Dits' Corner, in Delaware township.
Frame Houses. rooms EACH on North side Of
Elm street. near Main street.
2 Brick Houses. on South side of York street,
near Franklin street,
Ten Room Frame House and Barn with large
lot on Cottage Hill.
very desirable Lot, 80 feet front, on Delaware
avenue
8 Small Frame Houses, Wilson street, on in-
stallments.
2 Frame Houses, rooms each Franklin ST..
near Swan, terms easy
Vacant Lot. Frank lin street, near Swan.
2 Small Houses, s. Main St, near Weeden.
2 Frame Houses, N. Uuion St., above Elm.
Small Brick Dwelling, Brunswick avenue, Cot
tage Hill.
Room Frame House and large lot Brunswick
avenue, Cottage Hill.
20 Acre Lot, in West Amwell tow nship, between
Rock Road and Turnpike.
9 Acre Lot with House and Barn. in Delaware
township, near River Road. ~ miles from city.
rs Acre Farm along York Road in West AM
well township, cheap
Oct. l6, 1898.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Leave Lambertvlle for Manunka Chunk ss8
10 20 m f39 SCI and s.23 m. Sunday, s.22 p M.
For Philipsburg and Easton only CPS m week
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Leave Trenton 1872, $50 m, loo, $40, az, $50
and 1853 p m. Sunday, 1853 p. m.
Arrive Lambe rtvie ss5, 1920 M 1.59, LIS, so,
6.2s and s23 IN. Sunday, S.23 m.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Leave Philadelphia (Kensington) Gas, 7.40, l0.0e
IN, 1910. $50, 4.30 and 6.14 m. weekdays
Leave Philadelphia BROAD Street Station -
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Leave Lambertville 700, 1923, s45 and Hal
M, 2.O9. 4SO and 100 p, m. Sunday s,45 a. m.
Arrive Trenton 7.35, s5s and 900 IN, l2.17, PAP
sos and .2S p m. Sunday, 909 m.
Arrive Philadelphia (KensinSton) els a IN.
and 1892 ASP, CPS, N. sunday, 1902 m.
Arrive Philadelphia (Broad Street Station) s57
1000 and 1901 m, l.O6, 3is, COS and - IN
Sunday. 1901 am.
Arrive New York, Desbrosses and Cortlandt SITS
via Trenton, 9,2S, 1898 and ll.S3 m, 2l3 4'55
1928 and 80 p m. Sunday ll.SS Am,
West twenty third Street Station At, l04l and
Ii.40 a m. 2 81, 500, 1885 and $40 p. m sundays
IL 40 a. m
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
Now EngInnd Stntcs.

.'s'rSst
srhe BICYCLES arc the CO ebrated Pierce Special,
1897 Pattern. m'rd by Geo; Pierce 4 o. OF Bni,
falo, Boston and New York. Fitted with Hartford
Tirss First Glass Nickle Lamp New Departure
Bell. Standard CyoIometer. and Hunt Lace Saddle.
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
q from PhiLndelphia and Ne,e York

West Twenty-third street station, 7.55 and
10 SIS a m, 1855, 255, S55 and 5.55 m. Sundays,
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27

Leave Frenchtown 8 05, f0.47 am 2.ll $50 AMI
SAG p IN weekdays, s 40 IN sundays. For PHI
The Lambertville record. [volume] (Lambertville, N.J.) 1872-1968, 1897-10-27
Philadelphia and Reading
Railway.
rlHE TABLE, IN EXPECT SEPT. q. 1897.
TRAINS LEAVE NEW HOPE
TRAINS FOR NEW HOPE.

For Glenside, Jenkin and Philadelphia "
days, $40, $50, 1Il0 a. m 100 400, COS 4
sundays c. 90 a. m, 1 %, Obs p. m.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-01-10

shield-shaped piece Of pale violet velvet
with the edges softened and finished of
by dainty exquisite pufiings Of the white
chiffon.
The bodice fastened plainly under the
left arm, and the sleeves were long and
draped cross-wise from the full shoulder
puffs right down to tIe wrist. On the
outside seam, the draDery finished with
inch-wide frills, showing the shell shaped
frill underneath. In thc hrocade puff
ings on the shoulders, bows of the violet
velvet ribbon. with yiolats caught in with
them. gave Il beautiful Frenchy finish.
The bodice just covered the belt Of the
skirt and was finished: with a soft. mar
row, twisted rope" of: violet velvet. A
huge boquet Of sweet Russian voilets was
worn on the corsage, and few Of the
velvet blossoms nestled lovingly III
among the soft puffs ana coils Of shining
brown hair which crowned milady's deli
cate face
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-01-10
My [Lady7g WapdrOb@a
Popular

knee High boots. laced comfortably
around the ankles, warm. lcece-lined
stockings and gloves and M underskrt
OF silk complete the outfit The silken
petticoat keeps the skirts from clnging
and is charming il made of rich. deep red.
for a glimpse of its brightness is obtain
ed as the wearer's SKIRT is blown about
An extremely chic jacket that shows Il
trim figure off to advantage is made OF
daYE green kersey. trimmed with braid
that appears mat lands headed with II
small loop pattern: -Four large hand
carved pearl buttons arc nm added gaIni-
ture,
A beautiful gowns was seen the week
before Christmas nj the Election Tea,
Il charming holiday sale originated and
patronized by society people for the bene-
fit OF the Babies Hospital of New York
The gown was worn by one of the SWEETEST
women of the swell set and was n thing
Of beauty" The wearer was very tall and
supple, and the handsome white brocaded
silk she wore was streWn with violets, in
such natural shades one could almost
inhale their fragrance. The design was
as graceful as possible, and instead of
being punched the blossoms were IN tiny
shower clusters with single violets
seeming To fall awGy from the cluster as
il they had been shaken out. The skirt
was full and perfectly plain save for two
tiny Plated frills of the brocade which
finished off the bottom The frills were
not over two inches wide, and the upper
one just covered the top edges OF the
lower. The upper twas stitched ON with
a tiny heading ana, being stiff, narrow
and not tackled down anywhere, the two
little frills stood out in every direction.
The skirt trained the least bit, just
enough to make it graceful. The bodice
was tight-fitting and came up to the
throat, where very high collar was
''draped'' in small. soft, full folds of white
chiffon, with a very dainty chiffon shell
full worn inside. A large bow of pale
violet ribbon nestled into the collar Mt the
back and at the left side where the bodice
closed, beautiful velvet violets were fas-
tened in with the ribbon in the most
natural way A small, loose spray Of the
violets Were pinned at the throat with
an emancled violet stick pin, showing a
diamond dew-dron in the centre. The
front Of the bodice exposed q small.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-01-10
Itching,
Burning,
Eczema

Is the external indication of a con
dition of the blood which produces a
fiery irritation almost unbearable Il IS
a mistake to think that this local irri,a.
ton is the disease itself-it is simply an
evidence of disordered condition Of the
blood. The seat of the disease Is ia The
blood, and this is why the various ssjves
and ointments usually applied have 40
effect whatever. They cannot possibly
reach the origin of the trouble only
blood remedy can do that S. 5 s. Is
without an equal for blood diseases. aud
promptly and permanentlycu Eczema
and removes all faint.
Much torture could be avoided if tbs
first itching symptoms were needed and
a course of S.S.S. taken promptly, as APP
parently Insignificant skin irritations
usually develop into the worst form
Of Eczema unless properly treated.
It matters not what other treatment
has been tried in vain, S. S. S. always
gets at the seat of the disease, and
forces it out.
Mr.. William Armstrong, an old resi-.
dent and highly respected citizen OF
De Pere, Wis.,, writes on April Ist, 1885,
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-01-10

The campaign of winter dress is at last
fully arranged for the season and fash
aons have settled down into their pace,
leaving no uncertainty as to what IS OF
what is not to be worn for at least one
and probably two whole months.
OF course there will be constant va
riations in the numerous accessories
which keep up perpetual interest and
make the variety that is so dear to the
heart of every woman.
Unquestionably the most popular mode
Of the year is the tailor made garment
and much praise is therefore due Dame
Fashion, for no other style is so easily
adapted for every figure nor so vastly be
coming to all womankind, providing wo-
men use any degree of taste in making
their selections.
The really fashionable woman IS the
one who never loses her individuality i'll
her dress She compels her clothes to
become part of herself and, while she
follows all the changes in fashions, she
finds them elastic enough to be modified
TO suit her, when she does not suit them.
The most interesting development in
fashion just at present is the combination
IL the simple with the elaborate, which
results in u tendency to trim the tailor
made suit.
An example of that one-time impossi-
hlity, trimmed tailor-made, not smack
ing OF the dresS-maker's touch. is given in
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-01-10
[B50D Arp ON llO16daYgg
m

gible for a second term. and 50 they
wrangled over 1t for weeks, and finally
brought in a verdict Of four years and
eligibility 10 reelection. ! think ii is time
that we should have another convention
and change that II was "a great mis-
take. Seven years would be better and
no reelection. -Four years is too short q
term. About half Of the time is spent
in turning the rasc;tls out" and the othcr
half in planning and hedging for Jbr
succession. Let us have at least four
years Of peace and plain sailing. / don't
ike these compromise vcrlictS n0hOW
They are about as senselcss as the way
Congress fixci the number Of the Ma
tional salute to lac twcnty-ouc guns some
cranky member said let us add together
all he numbers i'm 1916 and they did
Thirteen guns would have been better
and saved a lot of powder.
BILL ARP.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-01-10
OLD AND RARE BOOKS.

4 test Of the market for old and rare
books is the current price of copy Of Isaak
Waltom's Complete Angler, published in
1853. One was sold this week at auction
for 81 ,760. which is record price. In
1879 n fine copy, in choice binding, was
offered for $500, and the seller appended
an apology for fixing so high a price. He
explained that, with one exception, a
copy had not been offered for twenty
years. The exception was one example,
included in a set of five editions, sold for
$40, and afterward resold for $500 in
1889 Another copy that came under the
hammer produced 5000. BY 1891 the
value had mounted to 81, $50, though in
the following year a copy fetched on
more than $1,000. 1t is not the COmpleat
Angler alone which has gone up in price.
Many seventeenth and eighteenth cen
fury books are constantly in increasing
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1897-01-10
Dark Green kerseY Trimmed With
Black Braid.

Designed IS the National Cloak o., Wet
III ST., New York
the ikater, when not in motion, from the
chill blasts from the ice, is a necessary
garment and no better style could be de
Yiset than the double circular cape whose
picture helps embelsh this page. Illu-
mlnated whip-cord in combination OF
red ind green. stitched with dark green
silk, makes an attractive yet seryiceable
cape However, as other garments be
sides gowns and capes must bc worn a
few hints about underclothing may be Of
interest. \ warm tight-6ttin@ WOODEN
unioi suit is the first essential; next, a
pair II Short. loose corsets and then black
tight. II is a mistake 10 wear boomers
nnd1 the skirt, for the bunch of cloth M
the bee makes 4 woman appear almost
defohled when the wind blows her skirt.
and. nstead Of outlining shapely figure.
Won 4e an immense bulk just below each