davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
TEMPERANCE WORKERS.
THE SEVENTH ANNAUL CON
VENTION OF THE W. c. II. U.
Will Convene at the First Methodist
Church on Friday Evening, oc-
tober 1.

Tie seventh annual convention of the
Woman's ChrtSItilln Temperance Union of
Utah wil be held in the First Nj. z.
church. II East Third South, beginning
on Friday evening, Oct. l. Following is
tae pIog1amme:
FRIDAY EVENING.
7:SO-Devotonais by state officers; APP
pointing Of committees. Music
7:5O.-Address of welcome. Mrs. A.. =.
Greaeon. presliena Salt Lake CITY Union.
Welcome in behalf of the churches by
Rev. Clarence Brown.
Response, Mrs. Frances e. Smnth, preed-
dent Ogden union.
S:15.-Address. MISS BeEe Kearneu; an
nouncemeni1s Bet1edEction.
SATURDAY MORNING.
9:60.-Devoltions, Mrs. Gaunt.
Minutes.
Report Of committee on credentials.
Roll caM of delegates. Response with
9:5o.-Reports of general officers and
state organizer
Music.
10:1o-Repqrtts of local unions.
10:5G.-Annllai address of state president,
Mrs. G. w Martin.
n:10-Election of officers.
u:55-Noonttde prayer, led by Mrs. LIZ
l2:o5.-Adjournment.
Luncheon
AFTERNOON.
1:3O.-DeVOttOnS Miss Belle kearney.
1:45.-Mfnutes; unfinlsAed business.
2:i5.-Reports of superintendent of de-
DaFtgnents.
Parior meetings, literature, scientific
temperance, work among soldiers. Sunday
school work. medal contests. flower mis-.
SON. home for the tC.eldle5s, mothers
meetings, loyal temperance legion. jail ans
prison. narcotics, social purity.
3:l0.-IntergnissLon.
3:15.-Question box, MISS Belle Kearney
3.40.-RepoTtS of committees.
Closing conservation service, Miss Belle
Kearney.
Embellishments
Sauriay evening at 7:30 Miss Kearney
will speak at the First M E. church.
Sunday morning at II O'Clock, Rev. Al
fred II. Henry viii preach the convention
{ sermon.
Sunday evening Miss Kearney Will
speak, and on Monday evening sne VII
( del,ver her already famous lecture or
Alaska, she having recently Travelled ex-
/ tenslvely in that territory
! Her Sunday afternoon meeting viii be
announced later.
/ There will be no admission fee at any
/ of Miss Kearney' 5 lectures. This decision
/ by tne committee was for the purpose
( of giving everyone an opportunity to hear
| this peerless young orator.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
DENVER AND RETURN, $40. 90
Va Union Pacific System.

oct. ? and 3. account festival Of
mountain and plain. Quickest time, IN
equaled service and modern equipment,
consisting Of Pullman palace sIeepers.
dining cars. buffet smoking and library
cars and free reclining chair cars. Tick
cts on sale and information clIeerfully
given at Union Pacific ticket Office, 20I
Main street.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
Black Diamond system

Paoh. Ind, Sept PA company Of
capitalists was organized here by the
election Of board of IS directors to
push to completion the building of the
Springfield, Ohio River & South Allan
tic railway. For this road a subsidy Of
S1.00o.000 was voted by Knoxville. Tenn.
Il is branch OF tae Great Black Dia-
naoaa system. William Kinley of Tole-
do was elected president of the board.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
FRUIT FIRM GOES UNDER.
HUGHES FRUIT & PRODUCE CO.
IN DIFFICULTIES.
Liabilities About $500, While the
Assets Are Considerably Less,
but the Exact Amount Not Yet
Known.

The Eushes Fruit & Produce company
was closed out yesterday under an ex-
ecuion issued at the suit of Wells,
Fargo & Co, to recover $500, the
amount Of an overdraft from that bank
iIpg establishment TO the firm. In the
afternoon the premises and stock on
West Second South street was taken
possession Of by the sheriff and Dep
uty Sheriff Levey and Special Deputy
Sheriff Davis are now in charge.
The other liabilities are small, not
exceeding $780, of which about $500
is ewing to Abraham Smith of Smith
field, Utah, and $685. to O'Ferry, a fruit
shipper Of New Orleans. The assets con-
sist of stock, book accounts, fixtures,
horses and wagons, which, it is ex-
peoted, viii fall considerably Snort of
paying of the liabilities.
John H. Hughes. the founder Of the
Hughes Fruit d Produce company, sew
cred his connection with the institution
q year or two ago. and now has no in
tereSt in the concern. which was in
corplrated with B. C. Raybould as the
principal stakeholder, president and
treasurer Mr.. Raybopld put close on
$4,000 into the concern, all of which
has been lost owing to had business
and heavy losses of various kinds, and
q good deal of sympathy is expressed
for Mr.. Raybould in his misfortune
Attorney w. T. Gunter represents the
company in regard to legal matters
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
Removal.

Nj H. Desley. the clothter, is pleased
to notify his friends and patrons that
owing to an increase of patronage he
has moved to the large spacious and
commodious store. 12S Main street
where you will find the latest and mob
best of suitings and genuemen's fur
nishing goods and shoes. You are in
vited to call at cur new store and in
vesttgate our fail goods.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
Railway Notes.

Twenty-Five men have been added to
the u. ?. shops at Cheyenne, bringing
the total number employed there up 70
go.
Il. D. Kilgore, travelling passenger
agent of the Pennsylvania company.
with headquarters in Cleveland, is in
the city.
Within a day or 50 local agents here
expect 10 receive the new tariff circu-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
TINTIc EXCURSION, $500,
Via Rio erande western Railwa,

On Sunday next the Rio Grande
Western runs another Of its excellent
special excursions TO Tintic by special
train, leaving Salt Lake City at SIS a.
m Round trip only 81 from Salt Lake
City and 81 from Utah county points.
Return special will leave Silver City at
4:30 D. m; Mammoth, 4:45 p. m. and
Eureka at o. m, arriving Salt Lake
City at 8 p. m.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
EUREKA, MAMMOTH, SILVER
CITY
Special Excursion.

On Sunday next the Rio Grande
Western runs a special excursion to all
Tintic points. Fare 81 round trip. Spe-
cial train leaves at Sis a. m. A view of
the famed double circle is alone worth
price of fare.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24

Tacoma, Wash, Sept. 2S.-The Cana
dian Pacific, Great Northern and Q. r.
& y. railways have met the cut rates
TO Chicago and st. Louis made by the
Northern Pacific yesterday.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
EXCURSION TO OGDEN
Sunday. Sept. IS.

Via the Oregon Short Line. Round
trip, including drive through Ogden
canyon, $125; including dinner at the
Hermitage, s1.T5. Train leaves at S:15
a. m,
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
GARFIELD BEACH TRAINS.
Change in Time.

On and after Sept. Is, trains Will
leave Salt Lake at 2:15 p. m. only. Re-
turning, arrive at Salt Lake, $40 y. m
Round trip, including bath, only 81
cents.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
OREGON SHORT LINES
RALAAoAD-

- X - &A~-AS-
Trains arrive and depart at Salt Lake
City daily as follows:
On Effect July .. 1879
ARRIVE.
From Chicago. Omaha. st. Louis.
Kansas City. Denver, Park
From FROM Helena, But.e. Portland, ~ F'''''
San Francisco, Ogden and in
termediate points 9:05 a m
From San Francisco, Cache VAL
ley. Ogden and intermediate
points,. So. 1000. .......... lila IN.
From Chicago. Omaha. St Louis.
Kansas City. Denver. and Os-
mediate points. -. ., -. . s:S5 a. M
From Mereur, Tintie, Provo. Ne
phi. Sanpete Valley and inter-
mediate points 49, .-.----- go pm
++Mixed train from Terminus.
Tooele and Garfield Beach. 400 pm
DEPART.
For Chicago, Omaha. Denver.
Kansas i CITY. 81. Louis. Ogden
and Park Csty.. ...........,.. 100 In
For San Francisco. Ogden,
Cache Valley and Intermediate
pO.ItS.... -.-- 500 4 m
For Ogden. Denver Kansas City.
Omaha. St. Louis. Chicago sud
intermediate points. 80. 49, 6;25 pm.
For Ogden, Butte. Helena. Port
land and San Francisco. =. .... S:45 pm.
For Eureka, MercTs, Provo,
Nepht. Saupete aEliey-. ..-...-. 1850 am
! For Provo. Nephi. Milford.
Frisco and Intermediate points 500 In
| Mixed train for Garfield Beach.
ToOele and Terminus - 49,. I:45 a m
TRAINS south to Juab run daily except
| Sunday.
-~DaAy except Sunday
CITY TICKET OFFICE Under Masonic
Hall: No. 200 West Second South street.
Telephone No. 80
Railroad and Steamship Tickets on sale
! TO all parts of the world.
| Pullman Palace Car ticket office.
| S. w. ECCLES D. - HURLEY
Gen Trf- Mgr Gen. Pass {, rtck't Agt
w. II. BANCROFT
Vice Pres and Gen Mgr.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
EXCURSION TO OGDEN,
Sunday, Sept. 20,

Via the Oregon Short Line. Round
trip. including drive through Ogden
canyon, 1925; including dinner at the
Hermitage, $1.75. Train leaves at S:15
a. n.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
IN EFFECT JULY 26, 1897.
LEAVE So Ike cIrY.

LEAVE SALT LAKE CITY.
No 12-For Bingham. 700 an
, No 2-For Provo. Grand juno
I ton and eli points east...---.-. SIS q. m
No 4-Eor Provo Grand juno
ton and all points east. 600. 7.40 pm.
( No. 6-Fo= Bingham. Mt. Pleas
( ant, Manti, Riehfeld. Belbnap,
I all intermediate points ----.---- 1:35 pm
/ No. 5-For Ogden and interme-
| date points $50 p m
No. S-For Eureka. Payson.
I Provo and all intermediate
! No. S-For ogden and West...... $40 IN.
points ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 900 p. m.
! No. For Ogden and We5t.."..l2;30 I'm.
ARRIVE SALT LAKE CITY
/ No. From Bingham. Provo,
Grand Junction and the East 1920 p m
Junction and Eas ~. 9O5 pm.
! No. 5-From Provo. Bingham.
Eureka. BelknaD. Richtield.
! Manti and all intermediate
West .. rom So s:s5 am
West ........-....--..-.. $50 pm
No. e-From ogden ana inter
mediate points. .-....... 100 pm
No. From Eureka. Payson.
Provo and all intermediate
points 'lV'Vo an
only line running through Pullman
civ to San Francisco: Salt Lake city to
/ Denver Via Grand Junction, and Salt
Lake City to Kansas City and Chicago
! via Colorado points.
/ Through tourist or family sleeperS with
out change, to Kansas City. Chicago and
Free reclining chair cars. Salt Lake City
/ to Denver.
Ticket Office No 103 West Second South
I Street (Postofiice Corner9
D. C. DODGE, s. H. BABCOCk,
| Vice Pres. & Cen. Mgr ffic Mgr
p A WADLEIGH, Gen. Pass. Agent
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
Astrachan Canes

Just opened two hundred Astrachal
capes. Prices from $475 up
r. K THOMAS DRY GOODS co.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
SELLING DATES AND LIMIT.

From Ogden, Nephl, Terminus, Eureka
and all intermediate points. Oct to 6,
inclusive. limit Oct. Y.
From Harrisville. Cannon and inter-
mediate points, Oct to 6, inclusive
limit Oct. IS.
From all other stations, Oct. 9 to ), in
elusive. limit Oct. Is 1897.
For special train service see bills.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
FISH AND GAME.
Letter Sent Out to All the County
Commissioners.

Secretary Love of the Salt Lake FISH.
and Game Protective assoc.aGon, sent out
the following letter to the county COM
nluscLoners of each county in the state;
Sa4t Lake City. Utah.
Sept 81 1897
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
METEOROLOGICAL RECORD.

Yesterdays Observations at the Lo-
cal Weather Bureau Office.
salt Lake City, Sept 23--Barometer,
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
THE COLORADO MIDLAND r. r.
Two Through Trains Daily.

Between Salt Lake City. Ogden and Lead
vile. Cripple Creek. Colorado Springs.
Denver and all points east. Only line
running THROUGH CHAIR CARS.
Through sieepers on both morning and
evening trains. This line, in connection
with the Rio Grande Western, reaches
Denver earlier than any other line via
colorado Springs No change of cars or
land and save time and enjoy the finest
ride and grandeSt scenery in Colorado
For full Information call ON any Il. G.
w. Ry. agent. or
W. F. BAILEY, o. 4. BROWN,
G. P. a. Gen. Agent.
Denver Colo, Salt Lake CITY.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24

A dance VIII be given ait Unity saCl
Friday evening, Sept. "a, by the young
people of the Unitarian church. Ad-
influence 10c. including refreshments.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
YOU CAN SET
YOUR WATCH

By the Burlington's "Vestibuled
Flyer" It's 50 regular.
Leaves Denver $50 p m
Arrives Omaha A.o5 p. M
Arrives Peoria cas- a. m.
Arrives Chicago $40 a. m
Sleepers-chair cars-diner.
The service to st. Joseph, Kan
sas City and st. Louis is equally
good.
Through tickets via the Burling-
ton to all eastern cities are on sale
at all f. G. W. ticket offices, or
By addressing.
r. F. NEsLEN,
TRAY. Pass. & Freight Agent
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24

Tie seventh annual convention of the
Wonlan's Chn.ztiiln Temperance Union of
Utah VIII be held in the First NJ. z.
church, Il East T4lfTd South beginning
on Friday evening. Oct. l. Following is
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-09-24
,The Spartan Virtue of Fortit,1de

President Salt Lake County Fish a1.t
Game Protective Association.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-11-17
VOTED AGAINST UNION.
SONS OF THE REVoLUTToN WANT TO
STAND ALONE.

The Proposition to Combine with the sens
or the American Revolution In Eeru,-
Ing q Single Natiepnl Society Wns Setea
Down mt . Lively n1eetinE last Might
A meeting Of the New York branch OF the
Society OF the Sons OF the Revolution was held
last night at the old Delmonico banquet room,
to consider tho report Of tho delegates TO the
meeting of tho General Society. held In Cincin-
natl on Oct. IL.
Frederic s. Talmadge. President of tho New
York society, in opening the meeting, asked
that the question at issued be discussed without
personality or a~sperity, and with the calm con-
sideration Of It's merits. Tho society was d.
vided. he said, on tho question of union with
the Society Of tho Sons of tho American Revolu-
ton. .'
Secretary Charles Isham presented q report
showing a membership in New York of 1850.
and Treasurer Hatch read a list OF securities
amounting to over S25,o0 as assets.
Charlton T. Lewis. delegate TO the Natl onal
Convention. then made his report, and offered
resolutions declaring that the society docs not
approve nor adopt tho proposed constitution of
the Society of tho American Revolution the
name of the proposed united society. but ad-
heres to its charter and to the existing general
Society of the Sons OF the Revolution"
AT the Cincinnati convention the proposed
union was voted for by sixteen States. Ten
States voted against 1t, one State was divided,
and three. including New York, did not vote.
The New York delegation was instructed to
agree to no union. which did not include a no.
vision of the membership of both societies, and
the question was referred back to the States.
There was, lively opposition last night to
adoptinR the delegates resolution. Col.
william w. Badger made a speech object
Ing to tho carrying Of the resolution by
q mere hurrah. boys!' and William Evans
Rogers proposed counter resolutions. that
the Chair appoint n committee of five to
further consider tho question Of union and re.
port to t. o society at a later date. He argued
that the objections to union could be overcome.
The question OF loss of name was trivial, and ro-
vision OF membership could be made after
union. Col. Badger seconded these resolutions.
George r. Hnws opposed them, on the grounds
that the question OF name was of real impor.
tanCe and tho question of keeping the funds OF
tho society also made union impossible.
Gen. James NJ. Narnum spoke emphatically In
favor of union. By this time each side was in
terrupting the other. ana several members were
on their feet at once to speak. Gen. Varnum
used the last political campaign as an illustra-
tion in his speech, and was promptly called to
order.
Several other interrupted speeches were made.
and cheers given for the speakers on both sides.
The question was finally called, and O rising
vote taken as to further consideration of the
question Of union. A count was demanded. and
the resolution appointing n committee to report
| later WAS lost by 1872 to 142.
The original question then being called, tho
proposition to unto was voted down by Q vote
Of III to 81.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-11-17
KNEISEL
The Opening Concert or tho Season Rero-n1.
cellent Performances.

The Opening Concert or tho Season mero-nH.
celient Performances.
The first concert of this. their sixth. season in
Now York was given by the Kneisel Quartet Of
Boston last evening in Mendelssohn Glee Club
Hall before an audience of the highest
culture and the keenest musical appre-
citation. 1t was q most interesting as
sembly not only from tho character of its COM
position, but because Of its rapt attention and
evident absorption in the admirable perform
ance. The club has not changed in its MON.
bership-Franz Kneisel. first violin; Otto Roth,
second violin; Louis Svecenski. viola, and Alvin
Schroeder, violoncollo. On this occasion for the
Brahms Quintet Mr.. Pourtau assisted with the
clarinet.
Upon the programme stood three representa-
tive works, each of great beauty and strongly
individual. They were Haydn's Quartet in D,
opus so, No.49; Brahms Quintet in B minor, opus
115, and Beethoven's Quartet In e fat major.
opus "a. The facts that each one Of these COM
specimen OF their writing set forth last evening
was in the best style Of each man insured a sue
s SSssfal sxG'p t4ufh t Ess R SY seis s!T Is a Ut T. sn ua;
BY the Kneiael Quartet will receive full JUS
e esSe mar in "efIeipation where hna n they yhS s9o eon.
cerned. Entire absence Of extraneous noise
unanimity in attack and also in the making Of
expression, as crescendos, diminuendos. and tho
rest. Ihere 10 a great amount OF buoyanCy in
all that they do. while that repose and dignity
SO inalienable from the most artistic renderings
Is never missing.
Haydn's messages are always bright and
genial and popular. They are characterized by
n~eatness and elegance Of style. He is the Add.
son of music and accomplishes all that he says
within the limits of graceful certainty. He
never carries one beyond the limits of the actual
into the realms of unsatisfed ~longings or won
behring's. Like MendeIssohi, he speaks only of
sunshine, OF joy. and of the present moment.
There is with him no past and no future. Men
delssohn differs from him in looking a little for
ward with cheerful hope and n little back with
the lightest sort of q sentimental sigh. Haydn
must have used every hour as it flew by, for he
composed l1S symphonies, 81 %quartets. several
oratorios, operas, songs, and smaller things for
instruments innumerabe.
Beethoven's h fat quartet Is one of the most
beautiful and amiable Of all his compositions.
The allegretto is exquisitely dainty and fasci-
mating in the form of its phrases. On the last
page there are a dozen or two bars that might
be from the pen Of Brahms himself. 30 like our
modern mans way do they seem.
And Brahms appeared we'll, too. last evening.
Ii in this quintet he is not at his very best. yet
the adagio is full of subtle charm, and the whole
thing wears the very crown of nobility.
The concert was a delightful. one. inspiring
the best and most refined thought, and being q
/, fine example Of well directed effort successfully
brought to achievement.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-11-17
zu1sUsrER ANSWER NOT READY.
N Will be Sent to snEaata Before ConEroas
Aleets-The Rauatleas,s surpriae.

- Will DO boht u bukNnLn hoIOFO C0DBrO10
n1eets-Tho pauatleas's Surprise.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 16.-The note which 500.
Rotary Sherman will send TO Spain in answer to
the complaint about flibustering in the COM
munication from Premier Sagasta has not
yet been completed at the State Department.
Some of the features to DO Incorporated in it
are still under consideration. No definite time
for it's transmission has been set. except that it
will surely be forwarded 10 Minister woodford
for presentation to Senior SaRasta before Con-
Gress meets.
Officials of the Navy and Treasury Depart
nents are anticipating a renewal of hlibuster-
fng operations with the reopening of active hos
tilities in Cuba. They think that moro armed
expeditions will be formed this season than at
any time since the present struggle began. A
close watch Is being kept on all suspected ves-
Pels and the two departments arc informed
by telegraph Of their every movement. Naval
the steamer Dauntless at Key West. and are
expecting q full report on the subject from the
commander of the dynamite cruiser Vesuvius,
which was charged with the duty of watch .ng
the alleged hlibuster at Jacksonville.
A telegram received at the Navy Department
but no explanation of her presence there was
given. Up to the receipt Of tho telegram the
department officials supposed that the Daunt-
less was In dry dock at Jacksonville. boing re-
paired right under the guns of tho Vesuvtus.
All the in the possession of the Gov
for another expedition, and Captains of naval
vessels and revenue cutters have been instructed
to keep q sharp lookout for any attempt to
violate the neutrality laws.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-11-17
PICTURES FOE ENrs' SCHOOLS.
The Rule Regarding Beck Purchases Made 70
Apply to Them Also.

The Rule Regarding Beck Purchases Made 70
Apply to Them Also.
ALBANY, Nov. 16.-The Regents Of the Uni
versity have appointed DR.. A. Walter Smith Of
Herkimer to fill the vacancy in the State Board
of Medical Examiners, representing the Medical
Society of tho State of New York. This vacancy
was caused by tho death Of DR.. William g. Wey
Of Elmira.
In addition to the relief map Of the State and
Of tho Catskil regions. the Regents have au-
thorized one of the Adirondacks and another of
Manhattan Island which shall show their ply
steal features before they were altered by civili-
cation.
A fact long recognized by the most progress
mally recognized by tho Regents Of tho Univer-
sity In the recent vote that, in grants from the
public libraries. academic, and other funds. and
In other cases where the Regents make rules
governing the buying Of books, the same rules
shall apply also to pictures. This means that
the picture Is to DO recognized as distinctly o
means for imparJing education as the book.
No action of recent years has been moro
warmly approved than the lending Of pictures
to hang on the walls of Regents schools. Here
after similar loans will be made to libraries,
folios will be increased to meet the growing de-
mand for this pictorial assistance in many
studies.
One thousand copies of the mushroom charts,
the publication of which created SO great In
terest that the edition was exhausted almost
Immediately, have been ordered in chart form
for wall use in educational institutions.