The San Francisco call., 1897-05-11
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
THE WAR IN CUBA-F. J. s.. City. The di-
rect cause of the war in Cuba was excessive
taxation and discomfort about the March cleo
tion in 1893, OF representatives in the Spanish
cortes, together with inability to secure home
rule.
LAND LAws-Subscriber. City. The land laws
and the manner in which Government lands
are open to settlement are too long to publish
in this department. For 25 cents you can
procure from any frst-class bookseller copy
OF "The American Settlers Guide, which
Will give you all the information you may
desire.
PACING A CYcLER--A. s., City. A man riding
bicycle who is paced can make better time
than one who is not paced for the reason that
the PAGER shelters the rider if there is strong
wind and he has not that element to contend
against, and again If there is no wind to In
terfere with the rider the presence OF rider
ahead Inspires the one behind to greater
action.
CALIFORNIA VoLUNTEERs-F. ]. NJ, City. The
statement made to you that 'during the Civil
War San Francisco did not furnish enough
men to make up regiment of 1000 men," is
not correct. The muster OF the First Regime It
OF Cavalry, California Volunteers, shows 565
OF the men composing it were enrolled In san
Francisco, that of the Second Regiment of
Cavalry shows that of the number OF men
in it, 1454 were enrolled in San Francisco.
This being enough 10 disproye the assertion
the roster of the other companies were not ex-
amined. In addition 10 the two regiments
named, there were: The First Battalion OF
Native Cavalry, First Regiment Infantry, First
Battalion Veteran Infantry, Second, Third.
Fourth, Fifth. Sixth, Seventh and Eighth reg
iments OF Infantry the First Battalion OF Cali
fornia Mountaineers and the California Hun
rod In ha n
War of the Rebellion" compiled by Brigadier-
General r. h. Orton, adjurant-general of the
State of California, published in 1890, occurs
the following:
from the more active scene OF the war; was not
called upon to furnish troops for mediate service
assigned to il; yet during The war calls were made
upon IL for several regi ments and for volunt eers
aggregating more than 10000 me n. besides 500
who We're enlisted within its borders and became
part of the quo OF Massachusetts and eight COM
panes raised for Washingto Territory.
The State Of California furnished during the
two full regiments of cavalry, eight full regi-
menis of infantry one battalion OF native cavalry
one battalion of infantry called "mountaneers "
besides several companies of volunteers to Massa-
chusetts and Washington Territory.
CH1NA-JAPAN WARE s., City. The war be-
tween Japan and China began with an attack
by Chinese soldiers upon a Japanese column
at Seoul, Korea. July %, 1894 and ended with
a treaty OF peace in April 1895. The cause of
trouble dates back to the uprising OF the peas
aatry in Chul Judo, the granary OF Korea, In
May 1894 in consequence of the frightful op-
preston of the peasant class by the officials.
The following were the principal events OF
that war:
port chartered from the English to carry troops to
Korea, was sunk by the Japanese Chinese war
ship Tsao- Kiang captured off Round Island
July 30-Chin- Yuen Chinese ironclad, was sunk
by japanese.
August Japan declared war against China.
september 15 = Engagement at Ping Yang
Chinese abandoned place during night ard Japan
ese took posse ession on following morning Chinese
lost 2000 killed and wounded and 700 prisoners;
Japanese loss, 1872 killed, 4S7 wounded.
September l7-Yaloo River naval fight, Japa-
nese had i ships: Chinese had IA battle-ships
and cruisers and torpedo boats Chinese cruiser
Chin uen sunk after being struck 200 times
Ching y uen was also sunk. Yang Wal was strand
ed, Tsao-Yung was set on fire anu beached. Chem
Yuen had 12U shotho es in her sides, and the Ting
Yuen was badly damaged The japanese vessels
were little damaged. Fight lasted five hours, in
which the Chinese had 500 officers and men killed,
besides a large number wounded The total loss
to t ne Japanese was 67 killed ana 1877 wounded.
October 9-Chaefoo taken bv Japanese.
October 24-Japanese forces invaded Chinese
Novem ber l9-The Chinese warshp Chen-Y uen
was stranded TO avoid sinking by torpedoes.
November 2l-Port Arthur was occunied by
Japanese troops. The capture OF MOukden fol-
lowed Immediately afterward
December-Hai- Tcheng taken by Japanese.
December 29-Li Hung Chang was superseded
in the chief command OF the Chinese armies by
Lin Kun Yo.
January 7, 1s95-King Of Korea announced with
formal ceremonies the independence of his king
January John W. Foster sailed from the
United states for China, at the Chinese Emperor's
request, to aid in the negotiations for peace.
January 1O-KatPhing taken by the Japanese
January 27-Wei- Hal Wei invested by the Japs-
February 4-Chinese battle-ship Ting. Yuen sunk
by torpedo.
February b-Battleship Lal- Y Yuen and two other
Chinese war5hips sunk by torpedoes
February l2-Chinese Admiral Ting sent to Jap
anese Admiral Ito proposal 10 surrender all
Chinese ships, forts, etc, under his COM
mand. This assented to. and the surrender
was completed on the following day. Ting and
committed suicide to escape the more diSgracefui
punishment by the Chinese Emperor;
March 4-Od city Of Niu-Chwang taken by
Japanese. chinese loss, 1885, killed and wounded
March 6-Ying-Chow. the port Of Niu-Chang
March 24-Li Hung Chang, as Chinese Peace
Envoy, was shot at eimonoseki by a young Japa-
| nese. who was Immediately arrested and sem
tenced to penal servitude for life.
Pea-e negotiations-After the United States
Ministers TO China and Japan had, As
agents. completed preliminary steps toward
negotiations for peace the real movement
began. Japan had announced at the out
enyoys. provided they were clothed with full and
absolute power. The meeting with the first en-
voys was held at Hiroshima, on February !, but
China were found TO be defective and ths negotia-
tions were suspended and the Chinese ENJOYS
were requested TO leave the country as soon as
possible. In addressing them Count Ito said that
1t the wish of Japan TO avoid results
which had been the experience In the
past, wherein treaties that had been sol
EMMY concluded had afterward been re-
pudiated by China without reason. The result
that China finally resolved in the latter part
Of February, to make overtures in form con-
sonant with the traditions of plomacy. She ap-
pointed Ii Hung Chang who remained practically
Prime Minister, in spite of the Vaccinations
Of his enemies, with full power to negotiate
and Mr.. Fos.er advisory counsel Bona hde
negotiations were begun on March II, ana the
treaty OF peace was signed at Simonosek on April
l6. These were the terms: The independence OF
Korea: the cesson Japan of the Liau-Tong
Peninsula and the island Of Formosa; the
payment by China of indemnity OF
$lO0 0OO, 900; and the opening Of large pert Of
China international commerce, especially for
the Introduction of machinery. Subsequently on
the strenuous demand OF hussia, backed by Ger
many and France, Japan waived the cession Of
the Liau-Tong PeninsuIa accepting In lieu thereof
an additional indemnify OF $5O,u00,Oo0