davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20
HOW THEY MADE THE MONEY.

Jacksonville, TeNas.--Drar Hapha,nuer;
We thought we would write you a letter,
hanrinoss too, We have made us u nickel
apiece and want TO send II 70 lttlr nhud
CARTS hrocri machine fund WIN tell YOU
How We made our n,ckcls, Papa told us
II we would finish cleaning off uho yard
Tor mtmma he would give US q cents
apiece. and that's lhe way we got 90
money for Carl. | OHooM wrorr you a lei
letter on the Haps page We VIII not
write about the contest this time. but Will
write egain soon. Hoping Carl VIII soon
have his broom machna, iwp will close
with love to Mir. Hap oGd all the cousins.
Hood. Llna ana llm shannon.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

are about twenty-five or thirty. and X
We make a suocess this year there will
be abou; that many more to ccma Mos,
Northern Texas, "A II Is scttsng late.
will ciore with much love to all and.
hoping Carl success. an = true Han.
Aaron Price
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

pine stick. about enc
inch thick. one mon
wide. ard two inches
long. he had Whitfield
a cage wg,h a round
hail IN IT. After read
about this job OF
whiting. one OF QUO
Texas 1lappYham-
mers tried his hand
at the same kind Of
work. and this cut
will show YOU what
he has done. Ills
name ia Jim Irotle.
and he lives at JAS
per, Texas. lie
writes II am . lhtle
boy Il wears old. very
small for my age. |
wish to ioin your
nanny b,ul. NO
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

I've T Allen lives IN the T,vas mount
ans. hear a little place called Mon,elle.
I'VE sent y cents for the broom colec-
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

C. d. Stewart OF Montgomery thinks
cotton ia the most useful Of all the plants
In tbs world. He puts the Indian maize
next TO cotton.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20
,,o,s AFRAID IN THE DARK.

.uo,s AFRAID IN THE DARK.
=, ~, l." said the owl.
W. W saye a great scowi,
N. he NMnsed his iowl. "Tu-whoo!"
~ ,r,d in tho daik. Boo-ooV'
w wv ,Ss cal. "Mi'sw'
N,...,stth any enc who
me. say. tina, a..
gsl lmid. Miiew. ,,,.o
!,trsd" said the mouse
~ he dark In the house!
y,,f me scatter
Ehaieyers the natter
Spnak"
-, m. load In hts hole.
'I Ins iSa bug IN the groun' !,
~ nth shook their heads
IA nassol the word around;
- ~ me birl IN the tree.
~ nh and the bee.
~, declared all three
~, Won ne,er did see
Ns Of then, afraid
Ky ittie how who Ind gone 10 he'd
IN ~, ni.sd the belclothes and covered his
head, .,,, ,ros,or, poc,rdor
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20
HAP TELNS.
~, ne Haphammcr Hns 20 Say 60
o.r nnxs aud GtI,ls

rat the H0nndWhteT INV wv guy w
our boys and Girls.
M, Happyhnmmers: Our collection
!. Mind corl now amounts to sss.o5. This
! indeed happy Offering from the bis
VA ci Happyhaumers and will enable
Nj 10 secure nice broom making ont
| n The Baphamincr VIII order him n
,ysu w,nder. a press and clipper next
-. and II the fund continues to grow
!, n. n,e II has recently there VIII be
cssh lef, 10 buy Ii few other supplies.
n. hoped that DIR littlo blind friend can
y Al work making brcoms some time
M month and will thus be enabled 30
an le.s OF dimes and dollars. He lives
\ Tharp, In Montgomery county. md the
,,rhan,s there ard In near by towns
ttht TO b, able to sell q great many OF
y Happyhammer brooms.
yxrly 10 Hars have sent contributions
this fund since the colleStion was
p.ti. The Offerings have come from all
ms Of Texas. from Louisiana, Misss-
mi Minnesota and Caitforula- Mary
rnbers have deprived themselves In va
su WAYS to seoure their contributions,
d Al have made the Haphanmer very
rd Of his happy hammering club. The
ts.on this week WAS as follows:
hi McAdan,s. Sion ..............,... u
ats Harrel. Gregory .............., ~
hT Allen. Montclla ................. -
| Ia Cordell Houston ...............,. ~
Ge, Maziliy Pine Ilal1. IIa........,
~
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

Rena Rich OF Holly. Texas. SAYS shs
went 10 school at Loveady this year.
She was In the fourth grade
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20
SOME SHORT LETTERS.

Lewis A. Mcshann of Thorndule ia
added 70 the list OF Happyhanmers. lie
IS years OF axe.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

Ethel McAdams OF sion says her cat
went out tho other day and caught q
rabbit ana bird and brought them to
her moo kittens.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

hnd tho waste basket. will not sign a
hNn ic plume, but only the first part of
my name. Your little Hap. Pauline
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20
Cotton seems to be The favorIto Happy.

'0''on seems 10 be the favor'to Happy
.1'a'T plant. as the majority OF tho
ss.es thus far have been in favor or
-, great product of Texas. II IL Ger
- True that cotton Is a very valuable
~. pu' Is 1t the MOST useful oae IN rae
sui Think "a long time before Non
- mat question. Couldn't the word
eohg without cotton? Didn't the
III" 90 without this vegetable tihor zee
Aahds upon thousands OF years? lSn't
w some Other plant. or several oihar
||.~ more useful? Don't YOU think
another plant upon which moro
- depend FOR Their existence The"
aa'nS plants that ought to have VOTES
Nh contest. Cotton. wheat and corn
~ been selected by several Haps, hut
We hundreds OF useful plants be-
ehese. Did YOU read that long list
us page last week? Read It again,
b., 'e'eet some plant for your letter
Y. out everything YOU can about 1t.
~" lhe club what YOU learned.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

|ns aEo saw where TIE haphammeT,
|SH who couh cut box with a ia !.
I'M, will send YOU one ! cut. ] nrt
~ OF ANYTHING like 1t before, SO M,
|'TRs nrst one ever tried 10 whlttlc ou',;
|sfd about. but II is too large to be
wv from IS prison. The work -
|,..oS'hiy and neatly done and shows
- cara ard patience. What tapp'.
sinner can do a better rob OF whlttllnH
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

No; lone ago the HaDhannmer printed
lstuN showing what 4 Chicago bov had
taae With Jack knife. Out of strnlght
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

Sophie and JOSIE Lutcnbacher are tive
little girls who become Happvhammeis
dis week. They ike at Berclatr. Texas
SOPHIE is and Josie 10 years cid.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

Dora Mcl}eath of Troy. Texas. thlnke
tho nav contest will prove very interest
Eg. Dora was promoted 20 the seventh
grade when her school closed.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

Nellie McHenry, who ivcs al Sinton.
TEXAS. will leave for Northern trip
Eurejoa Sprlngs. Ark. and then to Wis
consin.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

Fife Fulghoin Of Nnvasota saws Blini
Carl has often been to her mammals house
and that she knows he deserves the love
aud friendship Of our band, Eftle sent
contribution for HIS broom fund.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1897-06-20

Matte Il. wrote y nice lettcr from Al
YIN. but fosgot 10 sign her fun name. 1t
IS ALWAYS necessary for the Haphamner
TO know who writes the letter. though tho
name viii not be published. II YOU wish 1t
left ont
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18

harrisburg, Pa, Aug. 1.-THE exec
tive committee of the Democratic So
clet1es OF Pennsylvania today issued a
call for the annual convention of the
societies at Wilkesbarre, on Sept. %.
IN fhe accompanying address, the
committee says, in part:
The means by which the candidates
OF the Democratic party, headed bv
William j. Bryan, We're defeated last
year, are well known. We need mot re-
count them. Every intelligent citizen
INCONSISTENCIES them, and every good citi-
zen condemns them.
The contest was between tha nAor1,
the laboring and producing classes
On one side, and the money and coerciye
power OF a large number of powerful
corporations and monopo1ies on The
ouler, associated together for political
actl0n In furtherance of private as
agadnat public interests. The combined
temptations and terrorism of the latter
prevailed for the time. But the reac-
i1on mas been sharp and decided. There
is no longer any conceaIment OF the
purposes for which an election Of a mo-
nopoiy PRESIDENT and congress was car
rled by means SO corrupt and brutal.
The interests concerned could not wait
a needless hour for the spoils. Con
gr'ess was Immediately convened in ex-
traordinary session, to distribute the
enormous plumber promised among the
trusts and other greedy associates in
the crime of Sc. by the passage of an
act imposing fresh taxes upon the peo-
PIE, not to supply the public treasury.
but to turn a nsw and swelling stream
OF private profits into private pockets.
The people understand and resent it.
They know also that he gold currency
monopoly is 10 be perpetually main
tanned for the same purpose. and that.
SO long as this monopoly party remains
in power the people, are to Be forced to
pay increasing taxes, the greater profits
of the trusts. and interest on loans in
gold aptificfally enhanced by the prac-
teal and continuous demonstration of
silver. one of the money metals OF the
constitution. The period of whose coin
age ON equal terms with gold was the
period OF least financial disturbance.
and of greatest prosperity in the his
tory of the United States. EVERYWHERE
throughout tine country the people are,
incensed and eager to reverse the mis-
taken action of last year
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
Senator Georges Funeral.

Jackson. Miss. Aug. IA special from
Carrollton, Miss, says: The special
train from Birmingham bearing the con-
gres5ionaI committee appointed to attend
Senator Georges. funeral, arrived here
this morning 1t was found impossible
to get the full committee together. and
only three members of the national legis-
lature were administrators Pettus, of
Aaabann; Senator-elect Money. of Mis-
sissippi. and Representative Underwood
of Birmingham. Assistant Sergeant-at-
Arms OF the Senate S. a. Jones ac-
companied ii. Congressman Allen and
Carehings and Senator Wafthall are also
here.
The funeral services of the late senator
took place at noon at the Baptist church.
Rev. l. 7. Johnson officiating Citizens of
carroilton were the actual pail bearers
and Senators Turner. Walthall. Bate
Bettus and Congressmen Henry Allen
Money, Fox, Carman, Underwood and
Catchings acted as honorary pall bear
ers.
The funeral was attended by hundreds
Of citizens OF this place, besides several
delegations of visitors of adjacent towns.
The inte~ment took place by the side
of his wife in Evergreen cemetery, about
two miles from this place.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
BROWN UNIVERSITY TROUBLES
ALUMNI BADLY WICKED UP
OVER NoToRIETY ACHIEVED.
Want the Charge That Reasonable
Liberty of Utterance Was or Ever
Is to Be Denied to Any Teacher
Refuted.

Providence. r. l.. Aug. 1.-THE fol-
lowing petition, which is to be present.
ed to the Brown corporation at it's
meetings on Sept. 1. is being circu-
lated among the alumni of the univer-
sity for signatures:
AS. alumni Of Brown university,
deeply interested in her welfare and
Jealous of her good name, we respect
fully address your honorable body with
reference to the action Of the commit
tee appointed by you to confer with
President Andrews regarding the best
interests of the university
The recent correspondence between
that committee and President Andrews
has, rightly or wrongly, been interpret
ed to mean that the president and fac
ulty of Brown university are called
upon to renounce their cherished rights
of freedom of thought and speech, and
that the propriety of their expression
of opinion is to be measured by its
pecuniary value to the university.
The Interpretation is giving Brown
university a widespread reputation for
intolerance and neTcenary standards
Inconsistent with her history and dam
aging to her good name and usefulness,
and is further giving color to the
charge that our universities in general
exist Tor the propagation OF ideas fay-
ored by certain classes rather than of
the discovery. and dissemination of
truth
I'VE cannot remain silent while our
honored institution Of learning is thus
misrepresented. We, therefore, ask you
to take that action upon the resigna-
ton of President Andrews which will
effectually refute the charge that rea-
sona.ble liberty of utterance was or ever
is to be denied to any teacher of Brown
university. We ask that by emphatic
veto you shall announce to the public
that enlightened liberation shall be the
guide of our alma mater in the future
as in the oast tradition
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18

Cleveland, O., Aug. 1.-THE operators
of % Pennsylvania coal mines held a
conference in this city today, at which
st was determined that mines in the
Pittsburg district should be started
and operated without further delay on
the ground that the miners have taken
g high handed position; that nothing
But an unreasonable price for mining
VIII satisfy their demands, and that
they have been unwilling to treat with
the operators on any fair grounds; also
that there is no other course left open
TO the operators at this time.
It was determined that all coal sold
at the 54-cent basis of mining this year
must be mined at this price. No change
in the price Of mining viii be consid-
cred until the contracts made on the ga
cent basis are filed and the uniformity
agreement is completed
At least three-fourths of the tonnage
of the Pittsburg district was repre-
scented at the conference, and all are
unanimous and agree to, if necessary,
foreibly resume operations, with the
exception of nj. A Hanna & Co.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
One Of Andree's Pigeons.

Chrietiania. Aug. Information re-
ceived here confirms the report pub
lished in a dispatch from HammeTfest
Norway, saying that one of the search
ers for Herr Andree met the
sailing vessel Aiken about July
%, and was Informed by her
captain that one of the crew had
shot a carrier pigeon between North
Cape and Seven Islands on the north
coast of the island, bearing a message
from the explorer addressed to the
Aftnnbladet of Stockholm. which read
as follows: eEighty-two degrees passed.
Good journey Eorthward. Andree."
The date OF the message was illegible.
The pigeon also carried letter also ad-
dressed to the Aftonbladet, but the
captain OF the vessel declined to sur
render either. The captain is familiar
with Andree's plans and is greatly
interested in them.
The news arrived here indirectly. The
captain of the Aiken communicated the
information to the commander of the
ship Injeperd of Tromsoe, the latter
trans NIT ted the news to the commander
of the steamer Express, upon which the
Lorner Polar expedition was coming
home, and the Express finally passed
the news along to the steamer Lofoen
which brought ii here
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
HE[ENA'S WELCOME TO BRYAN,
TEN THOUSAND PEOPLE GREET
TIE GREAT LEADER.
Cannon Doomed and Great Enthu-
siasm Prevailed = Hartman Says
There Are But Two Parties.
tspectal 10 The Herald.l

Helena Mon. Aug. 1.-THE reception to
William j. Bryan. who arrived in the city
from Missouia this evening, was an oya-
ton More than 10000 persons were out
TO welcome him, and the procession that
followed the carriage to the depot was the
longest ever known IN the history of the
city. Not only were all the people OF
Helena out. but the people of the sur
rounding country as well.
Mr. Bryan was welcomed with a salute
OF cannon, fred by the battery OF artil-
iery stationed here. and minute guns
We're fired for an hour after his arrival.
The procession marched by round about
route TO his hotel, where the crowd re-
fused 70 dispense until he lad addressed
IT, He spoke a minute oaly, saying, with
mock seriousness that when he spoke
tomorrow ne would declare himself 10 be
n favor of the free coinage Of silver at
tae present. legal ratio with gold
Congressman Charles S Hartman and
Ccyern3r Robert 3. Smith also spoke
briefly. Congressman Hartman, as a sill
Ncr Republican, remarked that there were
but Two -,artieS, that standing for silver
and that standing for gold.
An elaborate programme of entertain
nient for tomorrow, which viii BE a iloh-
day in Helena, includes a reception at the
Auditorium TO Mr.. and Mrs. Bryan and
the speaking tomorrow evening. Mr..
Bryan leaNes Thursday morning for Great
Falls and from there he VIII return to
Helena ard so east. He expects 80 so
directly home. Mr.. Daily, who accompa-
MED him thus far. went on east. leaving
his private car at Mr.. Bryan's disposal.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
GENERAL SWAIN IS DEAD,
PASSES AWAY At WASHINGTON
OF BRIGHTS DISEASE.
Brief Glance at the Career of a Man
Who Added Many Incidents to
His Nations History.

Washington, Aug. 17.-David G. Swain,
U. s. A., retired, judge advocate general
died here today, aged S. of Brigalt's dis
case.
General Swain was born in Salem. O.,
Dec. =, 1884. He came of a family rep
resented in all OF the early wars of the
United States, eonspicueusly in the war
OF 1872. His father was the friend OF
Joshua H. Giddings, Salmon P. Chase and
otaer advanced political thinkers of the
day. and was one Of the few men who
organized Jale Free Soil party III OAi9.
General Swain received an accidents ed
IcaroA, studying law and began practice
at Salem. On the outbreak OF ilne war
ne entered tne volunteer service as q
lieutenant rising rapidly 10 the rank OF
rna5o- ard breVet c0bGnel when mustered
gu. IN 1855. f3s served thD5dsh0ul tfle
war. participating in many memorable
engagements and being for time on the
stan or General Thomas. After the %2r
ne was attached 70 the regular army as a
majo- and judge advocate In the lat
ter capacity ne distinguished himself in
cases Involving the cc1sttuuonahty OF
file. reconstruction acts of congress tried
before the United States courts OF Mis-
sissippi. On Feb. Is, 1878, President Hayes
appointed him judge advocate general of
the army. with rank of brsSadier general
Ee was the trusted friend of and COM
Z
him through the long. fatal hours that
preceded his unGmely death.
II 1884 he was accused of giving evas-
I'VE answers to the secretary of war re-
garding a private transaction. tried by
court marital and acquitted of fraudulent
practices, but convicted of c0nudct pre-
judicial to good order and discipline The
sentence imposed was disappr0ved. The
coutr then sentenced General Swain to
suspension on half pay for y years. This
brought the expiration of mis- sentence
a--d the date of his retirement the same
year QS96). General Swain sued in the
rol.tr Of claims to recover his full pay.
the court deciding that the evidence
showed no offense, but that the court of
claims had no jurisdiction TO review court
martial proceedings. The case went to
the supreme court on appeal and was de-
c!ded adversely.
Dec 5, 1894 Secretary Lament by d.
rection of the president, RENTED the
unexp;red portion of his sentence and re-
stored him to all the rights and privileges
of his office. He preferred not 10 take
up his official duties ON account of III
health and remained on the active list
waiting fer his retirement, which took
place Dec. %, 1894. Since his retirement
be resided in Washington. He leaves a
widow and one child, the wife of l.. l..
Thompson of this city.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
RICHES OF COFFEE CREEK.
PRosPEcToRs ARE DAILY RUSH
ING AFTER THEM.
Great Deal of the yellow Metal Being
Taken From the Seam Diggings-
Good Outlook For the Poor Miner.


Redding. Cal. Aug. l7.-some 40 Pros
pectors arrived this morning by tram
and they are generally of a hardy class.
At the rate they are going into the dig
gings, Coffee Creek and its tributaries
will be prospected as never before. The
northeastern part of Trinity county, is a
rough country, but there is no section so
promising for prospector5. It is reported
that Murphey and Burgess are taking
out a great deal of gold from their seam
diggings in Hickory guloh. Their claim
is up on the side of the mountain and
while they nave not made especially rich
strikes, yet if the seams hold out, they
will accumulate quite q fortune Seam
prospecting holds out the greatest in
ducements to the poor miner, as no
capital is required but labor, while gravel
mining requires more or less outlay for
pumps and machinery.
1t is expected that 800 miners will
reach mere tomorrow from Oakland. the
stages are crowded every morning and a
few are going in on foot Pack animals
are in demand, The hotels. and business
houses are all reaping a harvest
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
IT IS EXTRAORDINARY.
Trouble on Board the Battle Ship
RoyaI Sovereign.

Portsmouth, Eng, Aug 17.-There is
great excitement here over most ex-
traordinary state of affairs on board the
British battleship Royal Sovereign which
is about to sail for three years service
with the Mediterranean squadron.
The relations between several of the
officers and the seamen are acutely
strained. The latter declare that they
are suffering from a variety of very
serious grievance, among which especi-
ally objectionable is the deferring of the
usual leave.
Fifty men have deserted, all the cells
on board ship are full aud the supply of
Der undergoing punishment
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
cantain rhomas Prize

wheeling, " Va, Aug. I7.-Captain
Thomas Prince of Wheeling. well known
in steasnboat;ng circles IN The Ohio and
Mississippi valleys and one of this cityis
wealthiest citizens, died al Richmond
KY. from the result of injuries received
ten days agO at the race track there. Can
tain Prince was there with his string Of
II horses. When in the judges stand the
structure broke down and Captain Prince
death,
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
FIGHTING IDAHO LAWS.
Stock Assessment Act to Be Attacked
Next
(suecial TO The Herald.)

Especial TO The Herald-)
Boise, Id1., Aug 1.-THE commissioner
of Lincoln county have retained HawIey
Prickett to test the constst t.oEsa ltty
of the stock assessment law OF the last
session Lincoln county loses a. large
amount of revenue. as its sheep range in
Blaine some eight months of the year.
Moreover, the rate in Blaine is $40.
while in Lincoln it is only $3.50 This
works a hardship on the Lincoln sheep
owners. the law will be fought under
the recent decision of the supreme court
in the fee law case if that decision stands.
If it is revised. some other grounds of
attack will be relied upon.
Chief Justice. Sullivan. arrived from
HALEY for the purpose of consulting with
the other members of the court on the
petition for q rehearlng in the fee law
case. It is understood the matter will
be decided at once, the understanding be-
Ing that the decision was prepared in ac
cordance with an understanding arrived
at by all of them, that it was sent TO the
chief Justice and that he brought it
back with him. There is considerable
gossip about the probable action OF the
court, but nothing definite has become
public.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-08-18
THE HERALD BULLETIN.
PAGE ONE.

PAGE ONE.
Troubles n.the.. Coal Region
Gold at Coffee Greek, California.
General Swain Is Dead.
Call of Pennsylvania Democrats.
American Bankers Association.
Duke and Duchess of York In Ire
land.
PAGE TWO.
The Bicycle Road Race
General Sporting News.
PAGE THREE.
VIII Help State Line.
Mines OF Beaver Lake.
PAGE FOUR
FACE FIVE y,
The City Council.
Jacob q. Davis VIII Probated.
PAGE SIX
Westminster Gazette on Silver
Bears Winners on Wall Street.
Movements Towards Klondike.
PAGE SEVEN.
State News.
PAGE EIGHT
Secretary of Agriculture Wilson
Here. =
In Railway Circles.
Proposed increase In Valuation