The record-union., 1897-03-19

refuse, after the juice is extracted,
makes splendid feed for cows.
WHEAT RAISING.
ing in California
| He said 1t was a question that in
volved many figures and touched on
whether wheat raising would ever be
| as remunerative as in the past For
many years it was profitable, but of
| late years it has not been so.
| He was in hopes that our worst times
were past. Wheat is gradually taking
its place as a food among the peoples
of the East who have to this time been
rice eaters. OF late years it's produc-
ton has been extended to Russia, Ar
| gentine, India and many other coun-
/ tries, and it is not wonder that. with
three or four years of good crops all
| over the world, there was an overpro-
duction and prices fell. Eighteen
months ago, he, in common with many
| other farmers, came to the conclusion
| that the time for remunerative raising
OF wheat was passed. Since then, how
ever, he had received maps from the
! Department of Agriculture, showing
the production of wheat throughout the
world and an examination and study
of it had convinced him that in a few
years wheat will be selling at 81 80 a
Genital and that the era of low prices
will have passed away
He quoted from an article published
by j. a. F'ilcher, Secretary of the State
| Board of Trade in a San Francisco
paper, taking the ground, after an ex-
| a n nf r
production in the world has reached
the maximum and prices the minimum.
Beef and mutton have also reached
their maximum and will never again,
he thinks, be as low as at present.
Then followed a mass of statistics,
showing the wheat production of the
various countries of the world, show
| ing the several large crops in success
ion had produced a large surplus and
had forced down prices. Now, how
ever, the surplus is swept away.
| The conclusion is therefore, that the
new wheat fields that different coun-
tries have opened are not to be longer
feared and that the era of low prices
is gone, never to return. Basing his
opinion on the yield of 1886. the Secre-
| tary of Agriculture writes that he
| thinks the outlook for the farmer in
the coming year is decidedly favorable.
ORCHARD PESTS.
Prof Woodwork next spoke upon
| Orchard Pests
He said his remarks would be based
on questions relating to the trouble ex-
perienced by growers here
Pear scab was the first thing taken
up. The tree, he said, needs just as
much substance to produce scabby
pears as good ones, and the scabby ones
are only fit to feed to the hogs. 1t is a
fungus growth, and is easily treated
with Bordeaux mixture 1t does not kill
the spores, but it kills the germs. 1t
will not entirely cure the evil, as all the
| fruit is not reached by it. Several APP
plications can be made during the rainy
season, the times having to be deter
mined by the locality After the
| fungus once gets into the fruit, there
is 10 way of eradicating it. 1t shows
on the leaf, however, before it does in
the fruit.
| Where coddlin moth is found it is
| more easily controlled than any other
| insect and more easily than pear scab
1t can be destroyed by mixing Paris
green with the Bordeaux mixture. 1t
used to be believed that it laid its eggs
in the flower end of the apple or pear,
| but il is now known that it lays its
| egg anywhere on the fruit that it hap
| pens to light on. The theory is that
| the grub eats enough of the Paris green
| after being Matched to kill it. If il
once gets into the fruit, however, there
| is no way of reaching it.
| The method of spraying commonly
used in this State is not correct. ii
costs too much for labor and material
This arises from the fact that the first
spraying done was for scale, and it was
thought necessary to wet the tree thor
| oughly under heavy pressure to reach
| the scale. His idea of spraying for
pear scab and coddlin moth was to
stand as far from the tree as the nozzle
would carry, and spray the greatest
surface possible with a fine mist When
the mixture begins to run in drops too
much has been put on, and the effect
| is lost. The time of spraying for cod
din moth must be determined by each
| locality for itself. Our arid climate
/ places us at decided advantage over
the humid East in regard to insect
pests.
The phylloxera is very easily killed
The way that will be finally adopted
regarding phylloxera and woolly aphis
/ is the use of resistant stocks and care
/ full cultivation of the soil. Keep the
soil as full of water as possible.
They found at the station that the
woolly aphis had attacked the apple
trees at the crown and caused a knot
there. Afterward a fungus got in and
| killed the trees. BY care this spot can
be protected. The Northern Spy" was
found in Australia to be resistant stock
! to woody aphs. There is resistant
stock at the university, but other trees
that are taken care of will produce as
| fine apples as the resistant stock.
A recess was taken till 1880 p. m.
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED.
The committee appointed on resolu-
tions reported the following resolutions
| in the evening:
Resolved That it is the sense of this
institute that such bodies are highly
useful broadly informing and greatly
instructive, and they are therefore to
/ be by all means encouraged and their
continuance advised.
Resolved. That while it may be true
/ that in some cases the institutes are not
so largely attended as they should be, it
/ is not to be taken as indicative at all
/ times of lack of interest in them by
! farmers and others related to agricult-
ure. That the reports Of the proceed
| ings of the Institutes published by the
press of the State gives them a mide
reading clientage and therefore the dis
semination of the information of which