davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
BIT OF A BREEZE
Stirred at the Trades Council Meeting President Stanleys Decision t, Voted Down.

Quite an interesting mee;ing was held Sunday by the Birmingham Trades Council, and things waxed warm for a . time.
 President Stanley was in th= chair and Secretary Mosely at the desk.
 The following delegates were obli- gated: A. A. Smith and J. Hickey, of lhe Machinists; A. J. Seeley, Of the Typo- graphical union; Gut Martin, of Jefferson lodge Mo- 6, Amalgamated Association Of Iron and Steel Workers,
 Presiderl- Stanley rspor-ed the decision of Judge Banks as to the city convict lease. He also recommended the ap- -pointment of a committee to name hitting celebra ton of he Glorious Fourth for the purpose of raising a fund to send @ delegate to the American Esd iteration of Labor convention, which will convene shortly in Nashville. He also suggested that Ehe council invite Col. Sam Will John to deliver an address or the Fourth of July.
 The report was received and ordered spread on the minutes.
 MT. Leo Sutto, of the Clerks, moved that the council indorse the ao:ion of the Pratt miners in their settlement With the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railway com- pany. President Stanley declared she mo:ion out of order.
 Ther began a breezy and interesting scene. An appeal from the ruling of the
  tained by vote of 20 to 5. The matter was then ordered brought up under the caption "Welfare of the Ord5r.'
 When again brought up Messrs. Fair ley. Grady and Harlsins, of Pratt; Bar bour, of the Plumbers, and Surto and Umbenhauer, of the Clerks. spoke or the resolution, MasSrs. Stanley and Harri- son opposed the resolution, and finally the vo.e came. Some evaded the issue, and four deega tes from the clerks and three from the aA'nars voted for the rss- olutfon Before a poll was ordered the resolution was withdrawn.
 The miners delegation at one time threatened to withdraw.
 The grievance committee reported upon non-union beer having a too large sale in the city.
 Messrs. Umbenhauer and Moseley re- signed from the legislative committee. and R. L. Russell. of the Typographical union, and c. F. Connolly, of the Paint CTS, were named to fill she vacar rcies.
 Other matters were disposed of.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

mental restraint on the buying Of stocks. The bears on Western Union today added c4 their stock of ammunition the supreme caurt decision affirming the validity of the 1erllner telephone patent, which,. 1t is aI- Ieged. foreshadows opposition fror1zthe Bell Telephone company In. the telegraph field. The stock led the list in number oe shares 9nld. huctuated irregularly and clesed un- onanged. Sugar was weak at times, but 1acovered the decline. Consolidated Gas fell or 1h on profit taking, but recovered. Covering by shorts forced Tobacco up two and the scrip 15s, and the same cause yielded Leather preferred a. net gain of one point The market closed quiet. but firm. The total sales of stocks for the day amounted to 143. 21S shares, including Ameri- can Tobacco, 5200: American Sugar Re- finery, 15200; Burlington and Quincy, 1,400; Chicago Gas. s.40O; Northern Pacific pre- ferred, 6.400; Reading, 10000. St Paul. 14 100; Union Pacific. S.S00 Western Union, 15,6OO.
 Trading in bonds was attended with con- siderable animation. but prices of the lead ing issues ranged narrowly Some decided tive low grade mortgages. sThe aggregate sales were $1 SIP 900.
 Money on call, easy at 1l4@1h per cent: last loan, 1H per cent; closed, 1A4l2 per cent Prime mercantile paper Sisn4 per cent! Sterling exchange firm, with actual business in bankers bills at SAa4Q$4S SIS for demand and at S4S6ih6E$4. .S61a for sixty days. Posted rates. &.S7GS4.S719 and S4.Ss1sn &.S9. Commercial bills, S4.S5h. Silver cer- tifcates, 60tzG60ssc. Bar silver, 60A. Mex ican dollars 47Ac.
 Government bonds, firm.
 State bonds, dull. ts -4H5H
 Pni
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

American. Receipts. 2.OO0 bales. including 1 TOO American
 Futures opened steady. with a moderate demand and closed quiet at the advances; American mfddlng l.. NJ. C. May All: May. and June, 4.10; June and July. 4.09: July and. August, 40S; August and September, 4.0. September and October, 3.60. October and November. 354; November and December, 3.52; December aud January, 3a January and February 351: February and March, E0-
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
orNnRAI, coTrON MARKETS.
New OrlaanS

New Orleans
 New Orleans, May 10.-Cotton futures quiet and steady; sales, $500. May, I4O@ 7.42; June. 7.Ssa7. .38; July, 7S947. 40i August, 65s; November 659d6.e0; December, 6.62p 6.63; aJnuary, 6.65G667; February, G.6Sq6.7o.
 Chicago Live Stock Market. Chicago, May 10.-Trading in cattle was again brisk, and desirable lots sold at firm prices, while others were barely steady, a few common lightweight steers were taken at $3. .90a S4. .25, and s5.50 paid for lot of prime Missouri yearlinfi Hereforefs, but the bulk of8the beef cattle crossed the scale at $440Q$5.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION.

Wilmington. ". C., May 6,h-14th. Cheap
 Rates Offered by the Plant System
 On account of the above occasion the Plant System will sell tickets from all points on their line to Whining ton N. C.. and return at the very low rate of one fare for the round trip. Tickets to be sold May 3rd to 7th; good to return fifteen Q5) days rom date of sale. Ar arrangements have been made whereby an additional fifteen days will be given by depositing ticket with ticket agent at wilmington prior to May 18th.
 The SPlant System has double daily trains scarrying Pullman Sleeping Cars making direct connection through to des- tination. For particulars apply 10 w. V. Lifsey, Division Passenger Agent Montgomery. Ala. 4-15-36t
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
CASToRTA.
CASToRTA The fao- H
 nnile " on sienaturs / % NyN%1N every
 Of SSS<Z<ZX EL[[ALI WsaVpeA Sweeping reductions in any thing and everything in the dry goods line. Removal Sale. Caheen Bros.
Are These Your Symptoms?

Is your digestion poor? Is your com plexion sallow? Do you feel lack of en- ergy? Are you bilious? If so take Vi Be-Ni Liver Pills. the great European hospital remedy for jaundice. constipa- tion and all liver complaints. Price 25 cents. AMZI GOLDEN DRUG CO,
 Birmiugbam Ala
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

7 Rev. Allen Tupper, Jr.. who has re- gently returned from a trip around the world. will deliver his famous, lecture, '"rhe Crescent Against the Cross,' at the South Side Baptist church May IA. The lecture will be illustrated with steriopti- con views. Admission 25 cents. This lecture Is a complete discussion of the Oriental question and wherever it has been delivered has drawn crowded houses
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

Join the party for Wilmington, N. C., to the Southern Baptist Convention, May 6-14, 1897 via the Southern Railway. Tick cts will be sold May 3rd to 7th at one fare for the round trip, limited to fiiften days. Through trains carrying Pullman drawing room sleepers.
 J.. P. BILLUPS,
 Trav Pass. Agent.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
I,ivernool Cc;ton Market.

Liverpool Cotton Market.
 Liverpool, May 10.4 D. m.-Cotton-Spot moderate demand; prices higher; American middling. fair. 4 1l-i6d. gbod hiddlfng ,4Ssd; American nliddling Ad; dow. middling, sales. 5000 bales. of which 500 were for speculation and export and included 7,400
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Markets Q bYe Telegraph.

669,O71; to the continent, stS,O64; to the channel. 5,4S1.
 Cotton-F'utures opened barely steady; sales, 1000 bales; January, 699; February 7.O3; July, 753; August 7.50; September, 7H: October, 6.93: November and December, 6.95
 Cotton-Futures closed steady; sales, 106,- 100. January, 6S9; February, 6.93 March, 6.97; May, 7.G; June, TBS; July, Al; August 7.37; September. 7.O6; October, 6.S3; Novem- Der, 6.S3 December, 6.S5.
 Cotton-Spot closed steady; middling up- lands. 11-l6e; middling gug, 15-16c; sales, 3,9S2 bales.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
BIRMINGHAM INDUSTRIES, D Patronize Home Industries and
 Build Up Birmingham.
Baskets and Butter Trays.

RATES MANUFACTURING CO, manu- HDfactures split baskets, wire end butter
 trays, 1702 First avenue. Phone PIP.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

Read elsewhere the Com parison of Records of the grand old Mutual Life of New York, with 55 other eompa- nies combined. What a re- cord. 5.o-tf.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

-oe Sweeping reductions in any thing and everything in the dry goods line. Removal sale.
 Caheen Bros
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
!. LOCAL MARKETS.

Following Is the local wholesale prices in car load lots of the leading articles nanoied on Morris avenue, viz: Flour, ribs ana teed stuffS. .#-5 ,.
 Flour-Best patents, s5.25Qs.65;. half pat ent, $4.7 straights S4.6o; family S3So. These quotations are for car load lots. Ribs, S525. ~ Dry salt clears -5.25. Dry salt bellies $550. Smoked belies $6.50. Lafd-Basis, A.
 Aieai-fearl, :4ei straigfhrt,r E;aygg frtr, 67c. Hay-No. l, $14.25; No. 2, SIS. Corn-35c.
 Bran-$16.
 Cotton seed meal--s16.4O. Oats-No. ?, Hc; Nc 3, 25c. Strawberries, s2@250. GooberS. $4.5UQlo.
 Irish potatoes 45c. Sweet potatoes, s2@s2.25 a barrel. Cabbage 2AG3c.
 Elgin creamery butter, 20@24c. Country butter, 10Q2Oc. Hens, 20lD21c.
 tfyerS-None on hand. Eggs. Sc,
 Onions. g4c.
 Bannanas S0cm$1.50 Oranges $f.25q3 per box. Lemons $2nS25O. Apples, $35Gd3.75.
 coeoanuts' II 1Ivrh fyT hsPeTefR sFocR. All live stock and packers products a'e quoted strong and in good demand. 5Misfsss' Malss, ssSaiio sSsaf59-
 Veal Caiyes-s2 5O@$5. Good demand; Hogs-Packing from 175 pounds up. srsc- aostght sSssAst sac and mixsd; s5s;aTeS 2sg'As asc Spring Lambs-31a65c. Good demand. Steers-Best quality, 3Q31sc- , Heifers-2A@3Ac.
 osen-Good. 2N@sc. Oxerf- Rough. K @ac. .-- -s
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Tn Wall Street.

today showed signs of decided strength throughout though the dealings continued in London. This was supplemented by some small buying for London account in this nre iaser sro m tb .ne noSfhest nd cro9 earnings, both those reported and those ru- mored tor the immediate future, gave an impetus to the buying of railroad properties Pacific received the most notable benefits from these, St. Paul and Burlington es- pecially being. largely dealt in. Omaha Jagged in the improvement and showed some continuance of the heaviness growing out of disappointment that no further divi- dend would be declared this year. In spite of the strength of prices. the market con- tinued narrow and professional. and showed no signs whatever of outside interest. The exchange situation and the result accom- pany+ng the gold movement. continue to mystify dealers in stocks and are an ele- ment in curtailng speculation. Further shipments of gold are confidently predicted ranging from $f.S7AG$4.S71a. As an evidence that the gold shipments are. certainly the result of the obliteration of the tremendous trade balance in our favor, heretofore es- tabIshed during the fiscal year. larger fig ures of last weeks imports at New York, exceeding $1S.0O0,000. are pointed to as con- idea that any special demand for gold abroad Is responsible for the outgoing. but exports of gold at prevailing rates of ex- the Saturday previous to the first gold ship mnnt. demand sterling ruled at $f.SS to $4.SSN after having been at $4.SSia and's awards on week we k ips proceeding @ that without Inducing Ing shipments of gold. In fact trA exchanse houses had determined that there was no aassre Iso t a hs% sap a so1a The fact remains that further shipments are looked for and that fact has a sentt
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
SPBCTAu SCHEDULE, SOUTHERN
 BAPTIST CONVENTION.

BAPTIST CONVENTION "A Arrangements have been made for G special train to leave Birmingham via the Y Alabama Great Southern railroad at g D., m., May 4, making connection with the train from Chat anooga to Wilmington via Asheville and Greensboro. Parties a desiring to use this train please notify si pa ssenger office of the Alabama Great Southern railroad and Southern railway. D. Gray, Dr. John D. Jordan. < Schedule via Atlanta, crain leaves Bir- mingham at 5:55 a. m, arrives at Gre5ns- boro at a. m. next morning. Through coaches and sl=epers from Atlanta with out change.
 J. P. BILLUPS,
 T. P. A. Southern Ky.
 c. M BILLH ELMER, 2s'ss T. P. A., A. G. S. Ky. ~n.q May f. 2t
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Niaw York Cotton Market.


 New York, May iO.-The feature of today's cotton market was the. government crop report as to percentage of contemplated acreage thus far planted. This was an- nounced at 12 o'clock to be S19. against 805 the average for the past seven years. The percentage last year was S.9. Following the announcement the market declined sharply to points. At the weakest in- terval prices declined sll13 points and closed within a point of the lowest figures. The weakness in futures was somewhat held in check by the relative stability of spot cot ton in this and southern markets Export CTS and spinners were energetic buyers wherever desirable cottons were available.
 Cotton-Steady middling. 711-16c. Net receipts, none; gross. r342 exports to Great Britain f1, 200; to France 578; to the cOntf- nent A. 21O: forwarded. Si2: sales, 3,982 spin ners, ,6S7: stock. actual. 179.063
 Total today: Net receipts. A6I1: exports to Great Britain, 9.S40: to France, SIS; to the continent, 4.130; stock, 417561.
 Consolidated Net receipts, n.57S; ex- ports to Great Britain. 5,s40; to France, 57s; '' Tofsl snea Sept. + Met receipts. GAYS, AS, exports to Great Britain. 2,2S9. TSP; to France,
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
CA@ToRIA. The i.s- A
 Enila " M oa
 s; C<<4&%T ZZZ<Z2[ wrapreE.

WANTED POSITION-By experienced,
 dndustrous woman at housekeeping in
 hotel or private house. Best of refer v ences. Address Mrs. H. D. s.. Bir- .' mingham m, Ala. postoffice. 5-11-3t
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Bridge and Boiler Works.

A LABAMA BRIDGE AND BOILER A WORKS, w. M. Nalls,. J. H. McCune. proprietors, Avenue A and Twenty-second street. Structural work. furnaces, boilers, bridges.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
MONEY LOANED

On Diamonds, Watches, Jewelry, Musical Instruments, and most anything of value. Liberal con- fdential. responsible. Old gold and silver bought. STANDARD :. LOAN .. COMPANY,
 2o1o FIRST AVENUE. jan 1o-tf s%
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Chicneo 'Cnange.

ChicnRo Change.
 Chicago May 10-With government crop report hanging over the market, gen. erally an auguary of lower prices. wheat today managed to advance 1zc. It was helped considerably by big worlds visible decrease. Corn and provisions were very dull and closed at substantially unchanged prices, except for lard which shows a small decline. Oats were in good demand and ad- vanced Ac.
 Leading futures ranged as follows:
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Boiler Works.

.e~~---~-~----------~-~-- ~----~--~-~-~-~-~~~-~
 RBlRMINGHAM BOILER WORKS, man. ID ufacturers of all kinds of boilers, furn- aces and sheet-iron work. Get their prices before placing your order. Office and enue Phone 11S2. Repair work promptly attended to.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

Read elsewhere the Com parison of Records of the grand old Mutual Life of New York, with 55 other compa- nies combined. What a re- cord. 5-9-tt
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Cnttnn Letter

s4 5a Crtton Letter
 New York; May 10.-The monthly cotton report of the bureau of agriculture was is- sued today. It fell upon market by which the business was almost at standstill The local traders considered its estimate Of an increase in cotton acreage of nearly U per cent as a vndication of their bearish views and sold freely. Liverpool and New Orleans also sent heavy selling orders here. The speculative demand was light and these offerings resulted in a sharp break in prices. The market opened better in sympathy with a not unfavorable Liverpool dispatch. But liauidation set in immediately after the opening and prices declined slowly until the announcement of the governments figures, then the weakness became pro nouneed and continued so until just before the close when short covering caused slight rally. August opened at 7.50, de- clined to 7.B, advanced to 7.46, broke to 7.36, reacted to 7.33 and closed at 7.T to 7.3S. with the tone of the market steady. The bureau report has intensified the general bearish sentiment, but unless Liverpool breaks sharply we think it's effect is over.
 \ DIORDAN & co.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Cotton Manufacturing.

D BIRMINGHAM COTTON MANUFAC- ID TURING, CO. manufacturers, of cotton yarns VIII purchase strict middling cot ton from an inch to an inch and a quarter staple at market price. Third avenue and Eighth street.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Brooms and Alabama Rolled Oats.

M 'MILLAN-LEE CO.,, manufacturers of M brooms and packers of Alabama rolled oats. 2105-7 Morris avenue.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Brass and Bronze EoundrN

n HE c. L. ANDERSON CO. Qlmited), 1 brass and bronze foundry. corner Twen- ty-fourth street and First avenue. Rolling mill and blast furnace work a speciality. Phone, SS2.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

~ Read elsewhere the Com- parison of Records of the grand old Mutual Life of New
 York, with 55 other compa-
 nies combined. What a re- cord. 5-o-t.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Articles lOpening Highest Lowest Closing

Cash Quotations: Fiour-very Arm: No. 2 spring wheat. 74s; No. 3 spring wheat, 70 G751s; No. ? red, 921sdt9s1s; No. 3 corn, 2ii4@ O AZ; No. 2 oats, Hh: No: white f. Q: b.. 29g,221z: No. white f. o. b.. 2014922s; No. ? Timothy seed, s2.9O: mess pork, per barrel, s&6e; lard per 100 pounds. s3.s71s: short ribs sides, loose, $4.60@$4S0; dry salted shoulders, boxed. 5AG51a; short clear sides, boxed 5G0 5h; whisky. distiliers finished goods. per gallon, s1.19; sugars. cut. loaf. unchanged; granula ted unchanged; No. yellow corn, 2f1A024A.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

: Ter Harness and SaddIery Maker.
 c. RECKLING, manufacturer of Har- As ness and Saddlery. Buggy trimming done to order 215 18th St. Phone 206.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
hI IN SOCIETY'S DOMAINS.

, Mary Manager Is the name of beauti- full little girl that brightens the home of MT. and Mrs. Thomas Hardeman. Mary Manager was born Sunday.
 The young ladies of Bessemer, assisted by Birmingham talent, will give a mu- sicale and festival at the city hall, Bes- semer, tonight for the benefit of St. Aloysius Catholic church. A fine pro- gramme has been arranged, and those who desire to spend a pleasant evening will find this entertainment a most ad- mirable one for the occasion. Nh
 f* The Highland Book club will meet .Wednesday morning at 10 o'clock with Mrs. John s. Jemison, corner Tenth avenue and Twentieth street.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11

NY HLIAMSON IRON CO, foundry, ma- W chine and boiler shop. First avenue and Fifteenth street. Phone, 20S
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Cotton-Seed Mill.

D ERRYMAN 6 CO, manufacturers of tho l Enterprise cotton seed mill, dealers in pulleys, belting, and mill supplies. 1720 First avenue.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Engines and Foundry Work.

IT ARDIE-TYMES FOUNDRY AND MA u CHINE CO.,, manufacturers of engines, boilers and mining machinery, furnace work all kinds castings and repair work. First avenue and Twenty-sixth street.
Birmingham state herald., 1897-05-11
Founders and Machinists.

IT GOD MACHINE CO, founders and ma. Il chinists, repairers of machinery. Heavy forgings, car wheels and axles of all kinds. Builders of electric locomotives. First avenue and Fifteenth street. Phone, 209
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-04-12

on under the caption Of "businsss" than
In all the ranks Of the opsn crooked. The
work of the "businsss" sharp has made
pretty much all humanity wary Of even
legitimate enterprises and has cast IN
odium upon honest speculative operations.
We do not yet know what will be the fate
Of the "Open Board of Broke's," but we
hope 1t will be hard. The business crook
should be treated roughly; "something
about boiling oil, etc.
Our cultured friend, Boston, Is rapidly
acquiring reputation for financial fast
ness, too. Literature has been allowed to
suffer slump and general crookedness is
the fad. We are sorry. We had pinned
o ar hopes to Boston's masthead. They
are tapping in shreds.
And providence? Well, the highway
robber reigns there and the other species
cannot flourish.
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-04-12
VOTE GETTING BY CASH.

There seems to be no reason to doubt
the statement that money went like hot
pastry down in East Greenwich in Ex-
change for Rhode Island votes and Rhode
Island manhood.
We believe that there is statute some
where in this commonwealth that threat
ems with dire punishment him who sells
vote and him who pays for the same.
But q small matter like that had no effect
upon the vote getters. They had money,
the other men had votes, and they ex-
changed.
No matter what party engaged in this
rsprehensible work, it deserves the bitter
est arraignment. Democrat and Repubh-
can alike should blush at the doing. A
pretty state OF civilization and public pro-
-bity must exist where such financiers are
found. The ballot, unless stories 20
wrong, was prostituted in the basest man.
ner. The law might take the matter up,
bat the law, in all probability, won't.
Let ne have honest elections, or none
Better relapse into free government thar
FREE anarchy.
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-04-12
THE NEW HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

The American Irish Historical Society,
with headquarters at Boston, is open to all
W no desire admission. A letter addressed
80 It. III. Murray, General Secretary, Law
renee, Mass, will bring back all needed
information. There are several members
who reside in this city and Providence,
and they would like to see the number in
creased. The membership fee Is only 50.
The second meeting Of the society will be
held in Boston on the 10th inst. Already
twenty States are represented in the new
society, and its membership is composed
OF men of Irish lineage, some of whom are
descended from old colonial stock. Rear
Admiral Meade, brother of Gen. Meade, is
the President.
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-04-12

Mr.. Redmond's parliamentary group
have passed vote requesting their leader
to call conference of their followers in
Ireland for the purpose of ascertaining
the condition of the party. II they would
only. discuss the condition of the country
seriously they might come TO the conclu-
sion that the prolougation of the factional
differences is disastrous to the cause of
Irish liberty
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-04-12

When the Roman Catholic church in
Portsmouth Va, burned down the other
day, the Baptist and Methodist churches
of the city offered the homeless congrega-
tion the free use of their chapels until it
could provide itself with another edifice,
and three Methodist and one Episcopal
cleTgymen called personally on the priest
to express their sympathy with him and
his people.
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-04-12

Our gunboats have very little to do when
they pursue vessels that are bearing arms
to Cuba. Even il belligerency is not rec
ognized technically, war, as fact, exists
on that island, and we doubt the right of
this government to interfere with the pri-
vate enterprise OF the owners of that boat.
We have not the slightest doubt, on the
other hand, that the people of this country
would like TO see the gunboats in other
The evening tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 189?-190?, 1897-04-12

1t would be well for the Papal Ablegate
now in Canada to make sure whether the
present antipathy to Mr.. Laurier, the
Premier, is not the result OF his individual
ideas on the connection between Canada
and England. England has ''worked" the
church before.