Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-02-04
ceeded the receipts by $77,2s4.l10 in the

ceeded the receipts by $77,234. ZIG. in the
same time.
1851 tn 1894.
From 1861 to 1894 the protective sys-
TEN prevailed by reason of the fact that
the Republican party, which assumed con-
troll in 1861 and adopted a protective
tariff. remained constantly in control OF
one or both branches of Congress-, max
ing II impossible for the Democrats to re-
peal the protective tariff system and
re-enact their free-trade theory into law.
The tariff adopted in 1861, known as the
Morrill, tariff, was thoroughly protec-
tive measure. averaging 80 per cent. In
1877 the necessity for very large rev.
enues ended with the close of the war
and reduction of the public debt. and the
tariff was modified by reduction :. OF
schedule. making the average duties
about 81 per cent. Even this reduction
was followed by depression and I'm
1879 there was another REIMBURSEMENT
which was followed by slight recoy-
cry. In 1883 the rate was again revised.
cent. This was followed by general
prosperity and plentiful revenue. BY
1890. the public debt having been greatly
reduced. II was possible TO make still
further reduction in the tariff and the
revenue and the Mckinley tariff was
about "a per cent. on the total importa-
tons and being levied more essentially
with view of protection than any or
the tariffs which had preceded it.. The
result of this was an increase of indus
try and employment. increase of wages
and government revenues. great pros
perity: payment Of public debt. numbers
of foreign factories transferred to our
country, great increase of industry In the
South: .contentment. peace; money-mak
ing period, money plenty and good, bal
ance of trade in our favor.
1894 to 1897.
In 1894 the Democrats having obtained
control of the House. Senate and presi-
dency, passed n low tariff act whose du-
ties. averaging about 81 per cent. were
collected by the al valorem system. thus
enabling importers by fraudulent valua-
tons TO really get a much lower rate
than that nominally fixed by the act it
self. The effect of this tariff is so fresh
in the minds of the public as TO need lit
came known that a Democratic tariff
was TO be enacted alarm took possession
of the public mind. especially in business
circles. and depression was followed by
panic: result. banks closed by hundreds.
business establishments by thousands
suspended manufactures closed their
doors or reduced wages. The actual en-
actment of the al valorem low tariff act
was followed by constant deficiencies in
the revenues of the government. In the
first twenty-eight months. in which the
law was i'm operation. the treasury deficit
amounted to $120.954.456 and the gov
eminent was compelled to borrow $500
100000 to meet its running expenses
and protect its credit.
The Net Result.
The result of these experiences was
that on November 3, 1885, the people of
! the United States voted by an over
| whelming majority to restore to power
| the party which has. during its entire cx-
| istence. favored Il protective tariff and
| given to the country such a tariff when
| ever IL had the power to do so. This
| protective measure whether given by the
| Republican party under its present name
| or by it's predecessors, the Wings and
| Federalists, has, as is seen by the his
| tory cited above always brought pros
perity TO the country. There is. there
| fore. good reason to believe that the pro-
tective tariff which the Republicans hope
| to be able to place upon the statute books
| will. in good time bring again the pros
perity which former protective tariffs
have always supplied.
Can't be Done In a Minute.
It must be remembered. however, that
great movements of this kind cannot be
| completed in a moment. The Republican
party does not control the Senate of the
| United States today and il is extremely
uncertain whether it will have clear
| majority in that body in the next Con-
gress. Should it not be able to east a
| majority of the votes in the Senate no
| one can foretell how successful il will be
in passing thoroughly protective tariff
measure or bow promptly action can be
had The framing and consideration by
both branches of Congress of a tariff
measure is n long and laborious task.
| The Democratic party, which was sue
cessful in November. 1882, did not place
| it's tariff measure upon the statute books
until August %. 1894, nearly two years
after the election in which it obtained
| control of the House, Senate and presi-
| dency. 1t must not be expected, there
fore. that the Republican success in No
vember. 1896, will or can possibly be
| followed by such prosperity as a protec-
| tive tariff can give until time is had to
consider. frame. and if possible. pass a
measure of that kind. This must neces-
| sarily be the work of months and these
| months cannot begin until after the in
auguration of President Mckinley and
the placing in his hands of the power of
calling together the Congress elected
| simultaneously with himself i'm Novem-
Der, 1896. Patience. therefore. will be
necessary, intelligent patience, by which
| the people will understand that the pros
perity which has been promised cannot
be expected until time is had to inaugu-
rate President Mckinley. to call Con-
| gress together and frame a tariff meas
place it before the Senate and see
whether il can be passed in that body
whose control by the Republican party
is yet in grave doubt, and if passed,
place IL upon the statute books and put II
| in operation sufficient length of time
L L. e. -
to feel it's protective effect, the agricultu-
raj interests to receive the impetus which
will follow from increased industries in
the manufacturing centers and the bust
ness world to recover from the depres-
sion, deficiency and disasters which have
accompanied the years of Democracy and
low tariff with which the country has
| hoan sfrun Cling since the elaction Of