davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
Subsoiling Land in the Spring.

Subsoiling may with advantage be
done in the spring when the ground is
moist TO the depth of 16 or IS inches or
when succeeding rains are sufficiently
coplous to soak to the bottom. The
great advantage of subsoiling for the
conservation of moisture arises from
aiIowIng copiouS fall of rain or even
an irrigation to soak down farther from
the surface. where it is not so RAPIDLY
lost Dy evaporation, and can be re-
tanned with suitable shallow surface
culture until urgently needed in july
ana August 1t has been abundantIy
demonstrated. writes E. F. Stevens. TO
the Denver Field and Farm. that soil
moisture can be carried over from
spring to midsummer and from year to
year by shallow surface culture and not
cropping so heavily as to RAPIDLY ex-
haust the supply stored up.
A field plowed in the ordinary man
ner may lose an inch and one-half of
moisture IN a week, which practically
would be all the moisture contained
IN the first five inches of soil The
correct method evidently is to each
day pulverize or pack each acre plowed.
Those who have no better tools may do
this with the harrow 1t has been
demonstrated repeatedly in the last
three years that weekly shallow Guilt
Vaoon does retain moisture The con-
struction of our loose soil which allows
heavy fall of rain to soak down out
of sight quickly under the influence of
capillary action gives back this mois-
ture to sun and wind unless capillary
action is intercepted by shallow sur
face culture which is the cheapest and
most available form of mulching
known.
Frequent cultivation to the depth of
two or three inches unites heat air
and moisture just under this surface
culture in way to accomplish the best
results. Should cultivation be DELAYED
longer than weekly, capillary action
succeeds in forcing its films of mois-
ture through the loosened surface and
increased loss results. In applying
these principles to the cultivation of
corn, for instance, it should be remenl-
bered that in tasseling and earring time
the evaporation from each stalk of corn
is about % pounds daily, or when a
field is planted at ordinary distances,
with the hills three feet eight inches
apart and four stalks to the hill, there
is a loss of about 100 tons of water
weekly from each acre. This leads to
the thought that a large bank account
may sustain large and frequent checks.
a smaller amount less. The field of
corn planted with two stalks in a hill
has the use of all the moisture avail
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
sFdrl1l and Garden

are arranged around the inner periphery
of wheel that is made to revolve at a
high speed. As the wheel revolveS. the
suoerfiuous wetness flies out of the but
ter in the form of spray, and the butter
can be made as dry as you like.
Butter in good condition should not con-
tain more than about II per cent of water
and this machine easily reduces the wet
ness down to this percentage in about 81
seconds. The molding of the butter Is
simultaneously done, and within two
minutes we have one pound and a half OF
butter ready for the table or fit to keep
any reasonable time. Used at once OF
kept a week, there is something winning
and delightful, which is seldom if ever
found in butter that has been subjected
to pressure and rubbing.
This IS Prof. Sheldon's description Of
tie new butter worker, called the De-
laiterse, a revolving dryer. and is COM
inc into common use, according to the
report in Australia. One has TO not only
keep moving, but do pretty fast thinking
to keep up with the improvements IN
dairy appliances these days.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
Raise More Sheen.

Farm, Stock and Home: 1t is fact
that we should all fully understand tia I
the falling off in price of wool and NUT
ton has not been any more marked than
that of wheat or any other of our farm
products. and we can make as much
clear cash from sheep today as we can
from ANYTHING we may raise. and so-ae
of our best writers on the subject such
as Prof. Shaw. feel safe in advising
the farmers to increase their flocks at
once. The almost incalculabie injury
that thoughtless men can infiict on the
people by Misrepresentation can be seen
in this case. Cr one thing we may be
quite sure. there are millions of people
who would be glad to eat mutton every
day who do not now ever taste it. be-
cause they have not the wherewith to
buy it, and they do not wear warm all
wool clothes and big overcoats for the
same reason. In the changes that are to
be made on the northwestern farms this
spring. I think sheep should form an
important part We may not make much
out of them but what can we make an.'
profit out of ut this time? I also feel
pretty sure that sheep raising will grow
more renunerative with each year for
several seasons to come.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
The Better way of Tree Planting.

The old method, still quite common
with many in planting orchards, is to
dig holes somewhat larger than post
holes in which to plant the young trees
Where only a few trees are to be
planted this is perhaps the best way
But it is at best hard, back aching
work, and in planting a large orchard
would be a waste of time and strength
An excellent plan, when possible is to
strike burrows at intervals across the
field with common listing pillow, going
twice in the furrow in order to make
as deep trench as possible, then cross
furrow these at proper intervals. the
distance the rows are wanted apart
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29

say 20 or 80 feet This furnishes ready
made excavations at the cross burrows
for planting the trees, with plenty or
loose soil to throw around the roots.
One man with team can plant several
hundred trees in day in this manner,
and three men in the same length or
time can plant several acres This
may seem like slip-shod way of
planting but if the work be done prop
erly, it will give excellent satisfaction.
The future success of the young orch
ard win depend largely on the care and
culture given it.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
How One Man killed Potato scab.

/ planted white potatoes on the same
piece of ground Zone acre. for the last
five years, being the only piece of good
potato land l have. In the fall of 1892
there was no scab, 1898 a little, 1884
considerable, 1895 so much scab that
the potatoes were worthless. On April
10, 1896, 1 took the potatoes whole to
the patch. | cut potatoes to two eyes
in such a way as to have as much cut
surface as possible. l first cut large
pailful, then 1 put a pint cup full OF
sulphur on top of the pail of cut po-
tatoes and stirred the top pieces we'll
l then dropped each piece in furroW
one foot apart. AS l kept dropping, !
kept stirring, and when l was through
with dropping a pailful I put the sui
phur from the bottom of the pail in
the pint cup and filed the cup up with
sulphur and then cut another pail OF
potatoes and put the cupful OF sui
phur on top again; and so on until
the whole patch was planted l covered
each pailful as soon as it was dropped
so that the dampness of the new cut
pieces of potato would mold the sui
phur until covered. Last fall When l
dug the potatoes they were free from
scab and all the seed pieces l saw were
still yellow with sulphur.-Horace f.
Wilcox.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29


feet of turning stockmen away from
the growing of good horses. until the
result alluded to is so plainly manifest
as to admit of no question. What
may be expected as the legitimate re-
suit? Many things have occurred to
reduce the demand for horses for pur-
poses of transportation and in the in
dustries, but we fail to read the signs
Alright if the tendency. despite all this,
is not toward a situation in which the
demand for good horses will exceed
the supply. That day may not be just
at hand. but it certainly should be
coming.
1t should be remembered, though,
that such revival in the horse industry
as the future may have in store is
likely to be confined to about three
classes-heavy draught stock of strictly
choice quality, good large coachers and
choice saddle and driving stock. The
day of the plug" has come and gone
National Stockman.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29

portance. and should be provided in
every case where bees are wintered out
of doors. whether few or many hives
are kept Bees, like animals. can en-
dure very cold weather, if they have
plenty of food, but the cold, piercing
winds are very hard on them. Many
colonies are lost during winter, simply
because they are exposed in a place
where the wind has a full sweep at
the hives Bees are not proof against
cold, and when thus exposed without
even the protection of chaff hives, we
cannot expect them to come through
alive. A windbreak can be provided
at any time, and in a very short time.
by almost any one. 1t need not be
expensive, and even a rick of alfalfa
viii answer; but tight board fence
on the north and west side is more
deSira hla
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
PLANTING EvERGREENs.
How and What to Plant For Wind
breaks.

E. F. Brockway, a retired and ex-
perienced nurseryman of Washington,
Ia, offers some very sensible and timely
suggestions in the Nebraska Farmer
about the value and beauty OF ever
greens for windbTeaks, groves, etc:
/ have been an extensive planter OF
eyeTgreeEs for 40 years. and in that time
have seen forests of my planting, esDec-
tally of white pine, grow up to 90 1eet
in height and large enough for good say
logs. Almost any kind of evergreen is
better than none. but the white pine is
with me after 40 years trial the one
best tree for Illinois, Iowa, Dakota,
Missouri, eastern Kansas and NeDraska;
Farther west no doubt the BLACK h,ll
spruce, Plat cedar, silver cedar ana
pisa pungense might do better, tnough
Mississippi valley. l would plant the
white pine for a lawn tree where there
is plenty of room. 1t grows fast ana
planted at middle life you can ho:'e ne: 20
time Most evergreens grow slow Some,
like Scotch pine. grow fast while young
but soon slow up and become craci:eu
and ugly to look at. Here let me gre
you a little advice that | know 10 Dc
good In planting windbreaks, plant but
a single row. eight feet in the row 1hey
Give plenty of room on each side, the
limbs will close the gaps, spread VIDE or
either side and down 10 the grass u
you plant three rows. plant at least ~
feet between rows, then in 20 years the
limbs of the white pine viii touch across
the space Planted eight or ten feet
apart they soon become solid mass
shutting out all sunshine. me IoWsl
limbs IN a very short time die and tie
wind sweeps beneath and your windbreak
YOU worked so hard FOR is gone Don
plant three rows close together oaEe
fwo-thirds of your money and work. The
single row viii be good and all right,
thing of beauty when your three rows
are a failure If you doubt this go into
anv close planted evergreen grove and
notice the dead limbs beneath. The clear
lumber of course is made this way All
evergreens must have sunshine ever
more than deciduous trees win ever
fittest:" the one that can keep its heaq
above the rest in the sunshine nves:
no longer have a tree to sell ana inls
advice is disinterested, gained py me
time of experience.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
A Possible Horse Famine.

Is there going to be horse famine
one of these years? The best informal
ton available from detached commu-
mites here and there all over the
United States. as well as from gen.
eral intelligence on thes subject is to
the effect that the proportion of good
horseflesh to the population of the
country has seldom. if ever. been as
low as now. The discouraging condi-
tons surrounding the horse markets
everywhere have had the natural eff
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
The New Butter Worker.

The new butter worker is something
ike this. The cream is churned in the
ordinary way, and the butter Is washed
in the granular state and Immediately
brined. After resting a half hour ~ the
t,.sr,s n is ladIed out--still, of course. in
ne granular form-and put into .ir
noids that are lined with muslin (an-
tier name for cotton cioJh). The molos
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
TIzE SALT LAKE 1EKALD. MONDAY. MARCH %. 1897

mostly debts; taxes being only s15.1s-a
balance of s162 %. Counting s171.s2
-l-s162 22-I-s177 sS-sz56.s2 as total gain.
Valuing our land at 2,000 we have re-
ceived as interest on our investment, not
including tools, 22S per cent. The lesson
l would teach in the above, is this-that
success depends upon our own efforts.
We cannot in this connection afford to
ignore the reading of good farm papers.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29
How to Treat smuttv Seed Grain.

able for four stalks in a hill and would,
of course, be better supported.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-03-29

The item of fixtures" included ma
chinery, tools, etc; also eight head of
calves. While tools will decrease in value
the calves will more than offset the loss.
The s1T.2S for debts and taxes represents
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-05-03
NEW YORK STOCKS.

NEW YORK, May 1.-The close of the
weeks trading was marked by the same con-
diton of apathy and almost of stagnation
which has characterized the market all
through the week. This was accentuated by
the fact that today was holiday on the Lon
don exchange and by the definite announce
ment from Boston that the shipment of gold
to Europe on Tuesday next by house there
would be increased to $1,000000. The market
was left freely in the hands of professional
traders and was without feature Of general
interest The prevailing dullness was accom-
panied by the heaviness of inertia, and prices
sagged even on the limited offerings of
shares. A few Individual properties were
subjected to special unfavorable Influences,
and the general market showed itself sensi-
tive to the sympathetic effect of these, though
the fluctuations were within narrow compass.
The average decline for the day was some
thing over Is. The grangers were rather
heavier than the general list, the decline in
that group, in the case of Northwest, extend
ing to X. The coalers were pretty we'll held
outside of New Jersey Central and Reading,
the former losing V net after an initial rise
of w. Tobacco fell only *. in face of the
announcement Of the withdrawal from the
directory of a prominent interest. The largest
losses were In the specialties. A point each
for Tennessee Coal & Iron and Brooklyn
Union Gas, the former on reports of prospect
i've labor troubles. Western Union declined
further H to 76B, and Sugar lost x. The
only net gains in the list were in Leather
preferred ON covering Pullman, Lackawanna
and Consolidated Gas, each of which rose IL.
The market closed unsettled and irregular.
The total sales Of stocks today were 35 500
shares including: Sugar, 1900; Burlington,
$780, Tennessee Coal, 1900; Western Union,
800.
The following were closing quotations of the
leading railway and industrial stocks, fur
nished by G. H. F. Smith & Co., members
New York stock exchange and Chicago board
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-05-03


CHICAGO, May 1.-Rain in California and
favorable weather, present and prospective
for spring wheat seeding, together with an
absence Of export demand, were the 1nnu-
ences under which wheat declined Inc for
July today. Other markets followed the same
course, corn declining Sc oats about the
same and provisions 2h@10c. Wheat started
easy at slight decline on the rather tame
response Of the foreign markets to the good
advance here yesterday and the heavy re-
ceipts in the Northwest. July opened at nk
@715sc, compared with yesterdays closing
price Of 71Ac, and, under liquidation, which
started at once, 1t was hammered down to
INC. Then the market turned, and IN half
an hour July had climbed up to 721a@72Ac,
the highest point touched during the session
The deliveries on May contracts were con-
spicuously small, the total not exceeding Co.
600 bu. 1t has been many years since such
small figures have been seen, and bulls were
quick to seize the advantage which this fact
gave them. After that furry, however, the
market commenced to sink. 1t was the same
old story. dull trading, and what little there
was, being mostly selling on the advance.
By II o'clock July had declined to ING
Minneapolis and Duluth reported 435 cars,
against 3S9 a week ago and 301 the CORE
pool market was from k@Ad higher Chi
cago receipts were Is car loads. Argentine
shipments for the week were $4,000 bu,
against $4,000 blu year ago. Country ele-
vator stocks in the Northwest which month
ago were reported at 100000 blu, were given
today as only 100000 blu. A bullish Mis-
souri, crop report was received about IL
o'clock, but had very little effect, a rally of
only 1sc resulting. The market then again
sagged, finally getting down to 7O1ac shortly
before the close. The closing price was 7O5sc.
Bradstreets report of wheat and flour ship
ments for the week, from both coasts, put
them at 1.15S,8S6 bu, against 1654.OO0 blu the
week before and $50, 600 blu year ago.
Corn was weak with wheat and better
weather in the West. Exports for the week
were 1861, 900 bu. July opened shade lower
at 25A@25ssc, sold at 25%@251Ac and declined
to 25c, where it closed. Oats were weak. July
opened unchanged at 17%@1Sc and declined
to 171z, closing easy at 175s.. There was a
small provision market. At the close, July
pork was 21sc lower at $3.50; July lard about
&c lower at SALTY, and July ribs about 10c
lower at $4.65 bid. Estimated receipts Mon
day: Wheat, 10 cars; corn. 200 cars; oats, 2es
cars; hogs, $4,000 head.
The leading futures ranged as follows:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-05-03
LOOSE SAND STOPS BULLETS.
Government Tests at Sandy Hook
Prove Surprise to officials.

NEW YORK, May 1.-The tests We'd
nesday at the government proving
ground on Sandy Hook determined be-
yond doubt the superiority of sand as
a cushion for stopping revolving eXplo-
sive shells moving at great velocity.
The experiments cost the government
about $4,000. The erection of the par
apet alone necessitated an outlay Of
between $1,000 and $4,000, to which the
expense involved in firing the big guns,
when added, increases the total several
thousand dollars. 1t was the first time
such tests have been made in this coun-
try.
The experimental fortress was mass
of solid concrete, fifty feet long, twenty
feet thick and about fifteen feet high.
This was banked in front with sand
taken from the beach near by and
heaped up until it had reached u thick
ness of about fifteen feet. One-half of
the cement parapet was protected with
sand encased in gunny sacks, the other
half with loose sand. The sacks were
piled one upon the other, much after
the fashion of building temporary
levees on the banks of Western rivers
in times of floods.
The range at which the firing was
done-f1fty yards-was a remarkably
short one when it is remembered that
eight, ten and twelve-inch guns were
used. These guns were mounted on
high carriages, so that the muzzles
were on a level with the top of the
parapet. The muzzles were then point
ed downward, SO that the point of i'm
pact was about the middle of the sand
heap.
None of the shells fired into the side
protected by loose sand came out, a
fact which demonstrated the super iority
of that method of construction. The
loose sand at the conclusion of the fir
ing was not nearly so badly scattered
as was that in the sacks. The cement
wall was In no way injured.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-05-03
Decline of the Drum Major.

''The drum major as he used to exist, the
pride Of the band and glory of the procession,
is thing Of the past" remarked a bandmas-
ter. I'm his place freaks of all kinds are now
popular, from small boys with their twirling
baton to fellows who carry musket and go
through all kinds Of fancy evolutions while
the band plays on. The drum major plays
but little part in band except for show.
Though the small boys thought he led the
band in it's music as well as otherwise, he had
no more to do with the music than has the
letter as far as sound goes in the word
pneumatic. The brass band is led by Its lead
er, and the only thing that was expected Of
the drum major was to look as important as
he could. The fellow who led the Pittsburg
band in the inaugural parade drew larger
salary for his ability and skill at handling
the musket he carried than did any Of the
PLAYERS in the band outside of the leader
who is always the financial as well as the mu-
steal manager Of the band. Washington
Star
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-05-03
MINNEAPOLIS GRAIN.

MINNEAPOLIS, May 1.-The local wheat
market opened fractionally lower this morn
ing, with the trade generally feeling nervous,
although cables were higher and encouraging
The unsettled feeling was caused chiefly by
the fact that nobody knew what would BE
done in the way of delivering May contracts
in Chicago: Shortly after the opening the
market rallied a little but soon lost Strength
and ruled weak throughout the balance of
the session, scoring net loss Of 1c by Has
a. m. Crop news was very contradictory and
was, as one trader expressed 1t, enough to
drive a man crazy with fear for actual re-
suits in the hereafter for some Of the would
be experts. On the theory that no news is
good news somebody might possibly draw sat
isfaction from such day as this. Com
there was of 1t was conflicting which left
the operator on the ragged edge Of indie
cision; hence the nervous course Of the mar
ket today dispatch from Springfield, ILL.,,
reports that the damage done to the chop
has been greatly exaggerated and that the past
week shows an Improvement sufficient to
check farmers from blowing up the autumn
that rains have fallen throughout the state,
causing weak wheat market. Other adj
vices, however, stated that the rains were
not general, and that where the wheat grows
there was no rain, but prospects for show
ers are good. New York advised that for
eign buying was disappointingly small and
scattered at that. Clearances for the week
were only 1,16sooo blu Of wheat and flour.
o
lakes en- route for the seaboard, which will
begin to tell in another week, and that bear
argument will be out of the way. Locally
the receipts continue large. but it must be
remembered that It is at the expense of
May wheat opened at nssc. against 71Mc
yesterday, advanced to 72Ac, declined to
INC, frmed up to 72c, dropped to INC by
II 40 a. M, and closed at 71Ac.
July wheat opened at TIC, against 71Xc
yesterday, advanced to 72ss@7211c, declined to
HNc. gained Nc, sold at 71Mc, hrmed up
to 72c, sold down to 719sc by l1:4o. and finally
closed at II Lice.
The demand for cash wheat was fairly
good, with No. / northern selling on a basis Of
1Nc over the July future. No. 2 sold we'll,
but lower grades were slow. Although receipts
were large, offerings were comparatively light,
the bulk of the arrivals being applied ON
sales previously made. Sales were made az
per statement below. Receipts here were S33.
cars and shipments SO cars.
RANGE OF PRICES
Open High Low. Closing
Wheat ~ ing. est. est Today. Yes
Nav NJ TN II 1-16 Tx M