davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20
THE PROTECTION THEORY.
Tariff That Prohibits Importations
Yields no Revenue,

Yields no Revenue.
Secretary Carlisle effectually explodes
the notion that protective taxes, under
the theories now prevailing, can be
used to supply the deficit in the rev.
enue. He says that while the revenue
from customs and from internal taxes
yielded a surplus, the fact that protec-
ton was destructive to revenue was
overlooked by the masses. Conditions,
however. have changed, and If the usual
proportion of taxes hereafter is to be
derived from customs, the protective
theory must be abandoned.
The protection theory, as practically
advocated in this country, would neces-
sarily reduce our revenue to minimum.
The details of the theory have often
been stated, SO that a bare outline will
answer our present purpose. It is as
follows:
Articles not produced in this coun
try, or produced in quantities entirely
insufficient to supply the demand,
should be put on the free list.
Articles produced in this country in
sufficient quantity should be subjected
to duty sufficient to protect the native
producer.
Under the first head raw sugar was
put on the free list because it yielded
too much revenue and too little nrotec-
ton. Before the Mckinley bill was
passed it yielded about $55. 100000 in
revenue per year. The free-listing of
this article alone was sufficient to pro-
duce the deficit in the revenue resulting
from the Mckinley bill.
The protection demanded by the pro-
tected interests is such as will check
:mportations-tha is, which will either
stop their importation entirely or re-
duce them to a, nominal figure. When
this happens the revenue from customs
ceases entirely or is reduced also to q
nominal figure. The programme has
never been fully carried out, but the
Mckinley act came nearest to it. In
the fiscal year 1890 the revenue from
customs was about S23o, 100000. In the
next fiscal year the revenues were
largely swollen by importations made
before the bill went into effect, but still
the customs revenue dropped below
S2ao,ooo,0oo. In 1892 it was down to
S177,000.000. In 1898 it was up to $685.
600, 600, but in the fiscal year 1894 twas
down to S131,0O0,oo0. Two months
after the close of that fiscal year the law
was repealed and the customs revenue
has been increasing and the deficit de-
creasing in every fiscal year since that
time, until the present, which has still
more than six months to run.
It should also be noted that the re-
ceipts Of the fiscal year 1896 were sever
al millions in excess of the expenditures
of the year 1890. If expenditures had
not been increased there would have
been no deficit in the last fiscal year.
Nothing can be clearer than that a
tariff which prohibits importations will
yield no revenue. The nearer it APP
proaches this condition the less rev.
enue will it yield. Protection and rev
enue are antipodal. Complete protec-
ton, where the tariff is confined to pro-
tected articles, means no revenue, while
tariff for revenue only involves no pro-
lection it laid on noncompetitive ar
ticles.-Louisvil,e Courier-J Journal.
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20
WHO CAUSED THE DEFlclT7
Started by the Republicans and the Me-
Kinley BILL

=
Started by the Republicans and the Me-
Kinley Bili.
Tt is much more important to find
a remedy for the national deficiency
in revenue than to fix the responsibility
for it. And yet Senator Sherman's
charge that it is due to the Wilson bill
ought not to pass unchallenged.
Senator Sherman's memory may not
be so good as 1t, once was, but he can
easily verify the fact that there was a
deficiency in the last three months OF
the Harrison administration; that in
his last annual report December, 1922
Secretary Foster suggested an increased
tax on whisky to meet the impending
deficit, and that ONE of his last official
acts February 90, 1so3) was to send a
letter to the chief OF the bureau of en-
CRAVING and printing directing that inn
mediate preparations be made for q.
bond issue, and that "in view of press
ing contingencies" the preparation OF
the designs and plates be fastened in
every possible Manner
1t is likewise fact Of record that
during the fiscal year of 1894. under
the Mckinley law, the expenditures ex-
ceeded the revenues to the amount of
500, ,so3, 200. This is more than the
deficiency in any year under the Will
son bill. 1t was $42, ,s05,ooo in 1895 and
$25. .2o3 .ooo in 1896.
The deficiency was started by the re-
publicans when they cut down the reve-
unes over $00,ooo,ooo in the Mckinley
bill and increased the appropriations
more than that in the first billion-dol-
lar congress. Since then it has beer
continued by the extravaganza OF both
parties in voting money without regard
to income.-N. Y. World.
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20

growth of the nitrogen sllectiuy
plants, peas and clover, by liberal an.
piieations of these things. The cheap.
est way in which we can get the phos-
phoric acid is in the shape of acid
phosphate or dissolved phosphatie
rock, and the cheapest way to get the
potash is in the patash salts, such as
kainit, or in the more concentrated
form of the muriate or sulphate of
potash. Il the peas are well supplied
with these, their growth will be much
stimulated, and they will store more
OF the nitrogen, and by
returning them TO the soil
we will have lost none of the mineral
food we have placed there, but will
have added the fixed nitrogen and a
lot OF vegetable matter, which will
continue the accumulation of nitrogen
all the season while the corn is grow.
ing. While it is seldom found profta-
BILE to use artificial fertilizers directly
on the the corn crop, this indirect fer
.tilization will be found in the highest
degree profitable.
Where the corn crop is the main
object it will be found best to be
specially liberal with the preceding
pea crop, and mixture of 600 pounds
OF acid phosphate and 100 pounds Of
muriate of potash can be used in as
liberal quantities as the purse will
allow. II kainit is used in place Of
muriate, use 800 pounds in the mix.
ture. After year or two of such
treatment it will be found more profit.
able to NOW the peas for hay, and re.
turn the manure made from feeding
them, rather than plow them all under.
On any land in good heart this will be
3o nd the most economical. The
successful farmer of the future will ba
the man who uses potash and acid
phosphate literally to grow legumea
on his land for the corn and cotton
crop. w. r. MASSEY
North Carolina Agricultural College.
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20
AN iNEQulTABLE SYSTEM.
Some Weak Points of the RepubIicna
aReciprocitY'' Edea.

Some Weak Points of the Republican
.Reciprocity'' idea.
The word reciprocity has taking
sound about it, and it IL yeey pleasant
to know that one person reeiprocates
another persons affection, or that one
nation reciprocates another nations
good will. The general idea of reciproc-
ity in business or in commerce partakes
also of the same senti1nent-that it is
pleasant and equitable that nations
should interchange commodities on
reciprocal plan.
The ways and means committee of
the house of representatives is en-
gagged in the task of compiling tariff
bin to secure a bigger revenue to the
treasury, which is to be discussed dur
ing the extra session of the Fifty-fifth
congress that will be convolSed soon af-
ter the installation of the president
elect. And we are now assured on unign-
peaehable authority that reciprocity
is to be one Of the leading features Of
the new measure. Now, while reciproc-
ity is very pretty arrangement in the
abstract, as well as in any individual
case, it often happens that it is an
utterly inequitable system of doing
business.
1t looks we'll, for example, to say
that the United States government ex-
poets to have reciprocity with Ger-
many; if she admit free of duty cur
pork, canned meats. etc., which ST. hes
Eeen treating quite scurvily, we shall
admit her wine and sugar free of duty.
The arrangement may be completely
satisfactory and equitable in so far as
Germany may be regarded as one in
dividual national entity. and the United
States another individual national en-
tity. But if we lcok at the matter n
little more closely, the equitable look
of this much-lauded reciprocity will
take on quite different appearance.
The arrangement that Germany shall
admit American pork, canned meats,
etc, free of duty within her borders Is
d very delightful arrangement for the
millionaire pig-sticlers and packers of
Chicago. 1t will give an enormous clip
to their business, and will help multi
ply rapidly the millions they nave al
ready. But in order that this reciproc-
ity should be strictly equitable, the
pig-stickers and packers of Chicago
should give up some advantage which
they already possess in return for the
big additional advantage which they
foresee coming to them. No other kind
or class of industry in the United
States should be punished, or be made
to pay, for the benefit which the re-
ciprocity will confer on the hog-killers
of the west.
But the popularity Of the proposed
reciprocity is that the hog-killers are to
get the benefit of it, and that the wines
growers and sugar-growers are to be
made to pay for that benefit. And it
will be. admitted that reciprocity of
that sort is not equitable. Hawaii's
sugar is already admitted into the
United States free of duty; and, if Ser
nany's enormous crop Of beet sugar be
also admitted free of duty, as is serious
ly proposed in the reciprocity clause of
the coming tariff bill, the sugar plant
crs Of the United States will inevitably
be ruined.-New Orleans Times-Demov
crat.
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20
AMONG THE POULTRY.

Pelsin ducks are good market
fowls.
--Dampness causes leg weakness in
ducks.
For large, heavy fowls have the
roosts low.
The good layers are active and
generally on the move.
Dry earth is a good material to
scatter under the roosts.
EARLY Matched, well developed pull.
lets make good winter layers.
When a thrifty bird is fully ma
tured it is easily fattcned.
Stale bread, soaked in milk, is q
good feed for young poultry
Thirty, vigorous one .year-old hens
make reliable winter layers.
Cleanliness and good feeding are
the secrets Of success with poulty.
On the average it will cost one
dollar to keep laying hen one year.
-Leghorns and black Spanish lay
eggs with the whitest shells of any
breed.
The turkeys, ducks aad geese
should have good shelter during the
winter.
Soft food is an excellent invigor.
ator when fed warm on a cold winter
morning.
In finishing turkeys for market.
shut them up and feed them literally
for few days.
There is a good profit in keeping
the hen laying in the winter, even
though it takes little extra work to
do it.
"A cross of the Wyandottes and
Langshans combines many good quail.
tiles that make fowl valuable for
market.
--Linseed meal brightens the plum.
age, regulates the bowels and pro.
notes digestion. A gill TO dozen hens
is sufficient.
Foods that are rich in oil should
not be fed to laying hens unless in
small quan titles and unless the weather
is very cold.
oil meal, sunfowcr seed, hemr
seed and buckwheat can all be used to
good advantage in feeding fowls in
tended for exhibition.
--Scald and allow them to stand over
night in a place where they viii not
freeze; this is one of the best ways Of
feeding oats to poultry.
1t is natural for some breeds of
poultry to moult lighter each year,
and hence what are often taken for
defects are only natural TO the breed.
Lack of variety will sometimes
cause the hens to lose appetite. When
they do.not appear to relish their food
give them change of diet.
The best way to dry-pick fowls
without tearing them is to pick them
ms soon as they are killed--while the
body is yet warm.
The best turkeys for breeding arc
those two years old. 1t yearling stock
is used, the earliest Matched hens and
toms should be selected.
During the winter, when closely
confined, hens should have meat IN
some form to take the place of bugs
and worms they get during the sum
mer.
--Two-thirds wheat and one-third
corn meal wet up with skim milk and
fed warm makes o good morning ra.
ton, especially for the laying hens. II
is mech better than eornaanI e1ore.--
st. Louis Repubiias
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20
CURE FOR HOG CHOLERA.
Dread Foe of the Farmers Now linda,
Control.

Dread Foe of the Farmers Now linda.
Control.
The farmers institute at Rockwell.
Ia, was favored with the presence of
Frank Baumgartner, of Peotine, H..
who threw bombshell into it in his
conclusive proof that hog cholera was
neither infectious nor contagious, and
was produced by injudieious feeding,
causing what is called 'break." He
does not call the disease cholera. but
nularia. He has made public exhibi-
tions at Dubuque. West Union and
McGregor. He went into sick herds
and cured them. He has gone into
well herds and produced the cholera.
allowing one hog to die and curing
the Others. The state lost SIS, 600, ,os,O
in hogs during the past year. The
Milwaukee road alone has lost in
freight over 81, 0o0, 900.
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20
THE HEARINGS ON THE TARIFF.
Developments Which Are Not Pleasing to
the Republicans.

the Republicans.
There is manifest tisfaction in
republican circles over the develop
ments in the tariff hearings in Wash
ington. It is clear that the witnesses
who were heard were not sWayed by
the slightest interest in the general well
fare, but by consuming desire in each
cuse to see that mo. - is not
neglected. The New York Morning Ad-
vertiser says that sthe only persons
who can read the testimony given SO
far with any great degree of satisfac-
tson are the saturnine free traders, who
hold as matter of faith that pro-
tective tariff is simply an aggregated
jobbery of all the self-seeking individu-
ais of country who can get the ear of
the government. With scarcely an ex-
ception, every witness heard during the
first two sessions has frankly admitted
that he wants the present tariff raised
merely to increase his own profits in
business, without the slightest concern
whether such change would increase
or diminish the revenues of the govern
ment."
1t may be said that when protection
organs find fault with the tariff goings-
on at Washington, the public is justi-
fed in protesting against the proceed
ings. Everybody knows, Of course, that
very handsome sums were paid for pro-
lection, and everybody expected thatia
good deal of it would be demanded in
return for the cash that was generous
ly paid in advance, but the programme
Of the tariff hearings is none the less
objectionable to patient and long
suffering people. Commenting on the
spectacle that is now presented at the
federal capital, the Morning Advertiser
says: ''This truly is not an exhibition
of a very exalted form of patriotism,
nor one that advocates of a reasonable
degree of protection to American labor
can view with pride or pleasure. II is
rot likely that the country will view
any legislation shaped to reflect it with
other feelings than those of resent
ment."
This is a republican view of the pro-
ceedings that are supposed to lead up to
the tariff bill that win be framed for
presentation to the Fifty-ffth congress
in extra session assembled. It is hard
ly to be wondered at that the people
are looking forward to the future with
considerable apprehension. Bingham
ton (N. - Leader.
4
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20

y
ut happened this way" he began.
~ was sent to Washington on forag-
ing expedition, Itwas before the battle
of Yorktown" The majors eagle eye
scanned the faces of his attentive lis
teners.
Every one of the company had been
officers in Gen. Washington's armS.
Together they had fought in every bat
tie from Bunker Hill to the capture Of
CORVALLIS at Yorktown. | can sec
them now-strong Of feature. brave of
bearing, their snow-white cues falling
on velvet collars, white ruffics at their
wrists, knee breeches, leggings, and the
quaint buckle shoes of colonial times.
There was bluff old Rufus Putnam,
whose engineering skill on Dorchester
Heights enabled Washington to drive
the British from Boston; brave little
Commodore Whipple, who gave birth to
the American navy by offering the first
defiance to England on the sea, and
the commanding figure Of Robert Oliver,
who erected the first saw and grist mill
in Ohio, together with Jonathan Devol,
one of the first ship builders in the
western country.
But how did all these famous war
riurs find their way to the beautiful
Ohio valley, you may ask? Peace re-
stored, their country had no more use
for fighting soldiers, war had robbed
them of their fortunes. But they were
undaunted, and together they boarded
the Mayfiower-a floating barge-and
made their way into the Ohio valley.
There they laid out farms at Beepre.
Waterford and JAMESTOWN, the earliest
settlement in the vicinity of Marietta.
AT eventide they were wont to float
down the cain bosom of the river. and
at the peril OF the lurking red mans
tomahawk, moor their slSiffs at my
grandfather's door. Once in the glow
of the pine knots heaped high on the
open hearth, these Scared veterans re-
yivcd in story their eountry's struggle
for independence.
Striking, even in this distinguished
gathering. was Tile major. He was a
lineaI descendant Of Coz. Bradford, Of
colonial Massachusetts,. He stood high
in Washington's esteem, and shared The
friendship Of Lafayette he never failed
TO hold his audience, and he had it now.
we were reconuoitering in West
moreland county, Va" he continued.
II CHARGED Upon 9 fire team OF horses
hifchea 70 r!osg:: they were 1firsn BY
q balig sfare, Finer aniiaaIs hs :
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20

The year ended in dullness and
depression. It might have ended III
great activity and abounding prosper
ity. The reason it did rot was simply
that Mr.. Mckinley and his partisaHs
have decided 10 treat his election as q
popular decision in favor of high tariffs,
md to hold tariR-ripping, business
disturbing extra session in the spring,
lest by fall there should be no excuse
for rewardiag the canpaign contrib
ltaTs.-N. World.
St. Landry clarion. (Opelousas, La.) 1890-1921, 1897-02-20

10 truth?'
why, don't you know?' said Grandpa.
Little Bobby shook his head:
'''i tooly don't" he answered. Then you
ought to-" Grandpa said.
''All ready he continued, taking Bobby
Oh his knee.
ITS going TO DE story, and you're wide
Once on a time little boy of just about
your lift
Received little hatchet from his father
for q gift"
"Oh, what a funny present. thoughtful
Bobby cried. Suppose
That boy had chopped his fingers Off and
bloodied all his clothes;
dess his foolish papa then would cry lot.
/ say!
Why didn't that boys mamma take the
hatchet right away?"
perhaps she didn't know it," Grandpa
laughed: "'at any rate
Next morning bright and early rose that
little boy elate
To try his little hatchet; in his fathers
garden he
Displayed his skill by cutting down fa-
yorite cherry tree
"a cherry tree?" cried Bobby. weren't
any woods around?
Why. cherries are the goedest things to
cat / ever found;
dess that little fellow wasn't smart bit,
like me-
Say. Dan'pa! Do you fink I'd kill a lovely
cherry tree?"
''Of course you wouldn't, Bobby; you're
too fond of things to eat;
But, just for fun, suppose you did, and
then had chanced to meet
Your father in the garden, and he sternly
asked you who
Cut down his favcrfte cherry tree. Now,
tell me what you'd do"
Well L.Jan'pa: let me fink. If cut down
his cherry tree
And papa came and caught me with the
hatchet, wouldn't he
Know certain sure did it? If told
story, why
He'd whip me twice as hard, you know, for
telling him a lie.
But If looked real sorry and didn't skip.
and said:
Dear popi forgive poor Bobby, who cut
down your tree instead
or getting any whipping wouldn't papa
say: My son!
Because you didn't tell lie, no whipping
will be done?'
"Ahemr said Grandpa, startled by the
wisdom of the tot,
That's Just the thing that happened In
the story. Now you trot
Away to bed, and say your prayers before
you close your eyes,
And dream about the whippngs bad boys
get for telling lies"
III. G. Dodge, in Detroit Free Press.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1897-03-05
WIDOWS NOT AVAILABLE.
Marrying One Meant Punishment In
the Old Times.

Marrying One Meant Punishment In
the Old Times.
He had to be bold man who married
a widow, for few rude jokes and a
Gathering serenade were not the only
punishments awarded him, says Lip
pincoM's. He was deprived of benefit
of clergy. Benefit of clergy was the
privilege claimed by priests to be tried
before the ecclesiastical courts, in
which offenders were nearly always
sure of acquittal Laymen also en-
joyed the privilege if they possessed
the extremely small amount Of knowl-
edge requisite for ordiaation. Read
ing and writing were at premium
and man under sentence of death
who could read psalm might plead
his clergy and escape the penalty of
having his height shortened by a
head" In the ages when the custom
originated learning was too rare and
precious to be destroyed. A man
might be a murderer, but if he were
the only man in town who could read
it was not eXpedient to kill him. By
the abuse of this privilege, however, it
came to be that a man in England
could commit murder, rapine or theft
and be absolved from punishment by
glibly reading O few words. This pre-
ciols privilege, which was license to
crime, was taken away from man
who committed bigamy. A man who
had taken a widow to wife could no
longer kill or steal with impunity; he
had no longer benefit of clergy. The
unfortunate fact that his wife had had
another spouse rendered the living
hushtnl amenable to the civil law.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1897-03-05
CHINESE NEW YEAR.
Everybody I& Expected to Pay ON His
"r. Ntr Debts. t.I.-


The frs! duty is to pay off all debts.
Everybody is doing this and where his
means do not permit he Is renewing
his Indebtedness with an /. c. U. note
or draft says the New York Mall anG
Express. Second, YHery man Is having
his visiting cards made for the occa-
sion. These consist Of long sheets OF
red paper glazed upon one side. On
this the name is printed from wooden
type or else written with brush. Men
of distinction use very large sheet
with corresponding characters and
send it by a messenger unfolded.
Merchants clerks and tradesmen fold
their cards into tours and upon one
of the eight leaves thus made belongs
to very large Chinese family, such as
the Wong or the Moy, which would
correspond to Smith or Brown, he does
not write the family name, but merely
his given name. Mr.. James John, Mr..
William Charles and Mr.. Thomas
George in New York city would refer
to the Moy family or else the Lees.
The third duty is making preparation
for entertainment Everybody will call
upon everybody else and for all callers
there must be conventional refresh
ments. These include rock candy,
dried shrimps, watermelon seeds, sailed
peanuts, toasted pumpkin seeds, crys-
tallised oranges, lemons, dates and
figs cakes of various sorts, teS end
Chinese cordial. These are offered to
everybody and everybody is expected
to take some and eata. Besides these
there are other dishes set or mounted
which are to be looked at. In
this class are roasted birds mounted
on sugar legs and decorated with ex-
traordinary feathers and little fishes
roasted or steamed and then put back
into their silvery skin. There are hol-
low balls which resemble oranges, but
are made of dough containing in the
interior small piece of jam or MARINA
lade. Last of all are new suits, new
boots, new skull caps and new silk hair
strings, which are woven into the
queue and give that appendage its
seemingly extraordinary length.