Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1897-04-13
CREDIT BANKS.
CAN BE MAoE TO GREATLY BENEFIT
AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITIES.

The American AgricuIturist Explains How
Farmers Are "sIilked" by Crossroads
storcs-with Credit Banks They Could
Borrow at Low Rates Of Interest-They
Would Then BE Free 20 Buy In the
Cheapest and Sell In the Dearest Market.
The American Agriculturist, one OF
the leading farm journals Of this coun-
try, has been running series Of excel
lent editorials Oh the subject Of credit
banks for the benefit Of farmers. One Of
the first, in the issue Of Nov. 81, 1895,
discussed the agricultural credit banks
of England. Ii attracted considerable at
tention, and the Grange and Farmers
Alliance in several states are seriously
considering trial Of the system there
outlined.
A recent editorial showed some Of the
benefits Of the Scotch credit banks which
loan small amounts 10 borrowers with
out collateral, but who can give at least
two good sureties. BY Siis means a ca
pable and trustworthy young man can
obtain few hundred dollars, at q mod
crate rate Of interest with which 70
stock farm which he has just bought.
He does, not have 10 pay interest on
dollar more than he actually uses and
Mt any time can return any part Of what
is borrowed and stop interest on the part
returned Dunning Macleod, great au.
thority upon banking, says that this sys-
tenn, introduced years ugo, gave Scot
tish agriculture prodigious stimulus.
while 10 it also he attributes the mar
velous development Of manufactures
and other industries in Scotland in the
face Of adverse natural conditions. Mac
leod declares that the use Of this form
Of credit has been more helpful 10 Scot
land that the richest gold or silver mines
would have been.
The Agricultural then described the
special benefits Of the branch banks Of
Scotland and Canada Ten Scotch banks
have 1000 branches. Each little town
where there is an agent of one OF these
ten banks has practically the same bank
ing privileges as though the headquar-
ters Of the bank Were in the town,
whereas the American towns facilities
are confined To the little bank located
in its midst, or, more likely, in larger
town, village or city 10 or 90 miles
away, for il is often 80 and sometimes
100 miles from points In the south and
west 10 the nearest bank.
We quote the following from one Of
the more recent editorials in The Agri-
culturist:
1.-THE agricultural credit bank de-
scribed in our previous article, or our
own very successful cooperative build
ing and loan associations, might also es-
tablish branches or agencies. Thus one
society could have representative III
every town or hamlet in a county OF
group Of counties, bringing It's advan-
tages home 10 depositors and borrowers
everywhere. In this way. even in q
sparsely settled farming country. CO.
operative banking society could get
enough business 10 be soundly success
full. The agricultural credit banks de-
scribed in the editorial referred To en-
able the honest poor 10 cooperate ID
other matters The testimony Of hun.
dreds Of similar institutions in Europe
shows beyond all question that these
credit societies have encouraged CO.
operation in all its forms, stimulated
thrift and self help and improved the
whole moral and material condition OF
their members. The need is certainly
urgent for similar effort at self help III
very many farming communities III this
country as well as among workers IL
other occupations. In these times, when
the margin Of profit is SO close in farm.
ing, as in other business, it is all the
more necessary for farmers 10 be able &c
conduct their affairs with the utmost
economy, for which purpose capital al
reasonable rates Of interest is al impera.
tive necessity.
Whatever opinions are entertained
concerning the standard of values, there
should be unaDimity in an effort to per
feet sound plan Of cooperative bank
ing that will enable farmers 10 help
themselves. How great this need Is car
hardly be exaggerated Taking the
United States rs whole, We doubt u
one-tenth Of our farmers use banks OF
are within convenient reach Of banking
accommodation. Without il they cannot
employ credit in the true sense. Yet
nine tenths of the volume Of business
transacted by other people Is done with
credit instruments. But the average
farmer is able to use only the credit Of.
fered by the crossroads store, which
'milks' him to the tune Of 10 10 40 pea
cent by taking his stuff in trade at far
below market price, charging big profit,
OH what the farmer buys, and on top OF
this exacting exorbitant interest.
"No legitimate business can stand
this sort Of accommodation, certainly
not agriculture The evil exists whether
prices are high or low, currency plenty
or scarce. The deeper one delves into
this matter the palmer it appears that,
whatever is done about monetary stand.
ards, better banking accommodations
that is, better facilities for the use Of
credit instruments, such as checks,
drafts, etc.-are vital to the farmers
welfare. Nor can he, need he or will he
pay more for these facilities than do
those in other business.
The Only Good Paper Currency.