The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-04-25
.AFRo-AMERIo4Ns IN TIE NoRrn.
Hooker Washington MnHcS some Coutrns's
Between Them nnd Thcir southern brethren.

sAAi'raNlh'l lNoL NilhA W. W. 49, - 81
Northern brother. and give MIN more ncHspnrcr
and other attention and consideration. .lndccG.
the Northern Nf.O.A American receives very
little attention of any sort. lie Is very cencr.
ally left TO his own devices, whatever th"S may
be. This is especially true IN tho large sit!ss
of the North and West, where all sorts nr
efforts are nut forth to make life easter io-
those who need assistance OF the missionary
and philanthropic Kind. Those gagged ia
evangelical and charitable work in New YORK.
city. for instance, will recognize the truth Of
this at once. ,
OF late years there has been what may ba
considered nh alarming inUI ease OF the Afro
American population IN all of the Northern
and Western cities, beginning Al Boston nnd
ending ut Chicago. \ majority OF the pcopis
come out of the South through West virginia
and make pittsburg a eort Of rendezvous Is
well rs distributing centre. The growth OF
this population, since 1870, at boston, New .
York. Philadelphia. pittsburg, and Chicago
has been OF an unusual character.
1t is a demonstrable TACT that tie Afro-Anlor-
lean does not thrive in II large city like NGw
FORK. Climatic conditions bHvO much to 10
With this. but Intense competition has mote.
The occupations in the Northern and Western
States are essentially different IRON those OF
the Southern States. Afro..Lmericans frou
the South nave this forced upon them IN short
OTueF wien theY CuUc IN contact with II. Inc
slum districts OF the Northern and Western
cities have become ConGestsG With. an Afro-
American movement of Iup4latIon WITH whica
the superintendent of the III, ven Ia census may
concern hlmelf. Conditions at the south. OF
course, have much ~ do with 1t. put will not
wholly explain IL. 1t Is Il matter OF record.
however, that the Public WORKS ucpartlneuts
OF litsbu"g and Chicago, at least. hu,e'U-en
drawn upon in the pa st SIX years TO furnish
this abnormal population with 1lbitc cmp.oy- o..
meat, in order TO prevent it from OcCoaring q
charge uDoh the pubic charity.
\ prominent religious newspaper OF Boston re-
Gently made "A thorough investigation lutu the
donictle anu occupation OF the .\fro. American
population OF he Hun, and was Mortified at
the condition OF affairs uncarthed. But there
is nothing strange about the matter. fh!s
class OF the population In every community Ia
the reprbllC Is lett almost %ea;irelv to IT'S o wp ,
resources. II IL passed oy on the other side
as something ni,n which the other fellow mas
nothing to do. Am / nv brothers. Eee PERI %
has not Yet penetrated TO the hear of this Afro
American popuiatIo.I OF the North and West.
After II careful rca.laS OF the diagnosis OF tho
Boston situation. II - Lari 10 reach a ronrlu-
sion as IL how these pcup.c live at all. They
are barred cut ut 50 many occupations OF trade
on account OF color ard because they arc
short of the necessary education and Ski. 10
compete with waite labor. aaI they receive
such small com ..nsatiOn IN tas emD.oynlents
open to them. and have such enormous fixed
charges for rent AID necessaries, thai ii is
cas-! to marcel that they manage 10 kerp soul
and 1ody together. bat tley do 1t. AID thereby
hangs a ale of the survival of the iittcst. -.rs
II was a good thing for the Afro .ueriran
citt2ensof New lork cry that 80 thorough a stu
dent OF rae conditions rs Booker =. y'usniag-
ton OF Alabama should address them on tho
suOiec Of Northern and S]ortlera Contrasts, -
and to point out to them the disai ~y4nLnges
under which they labor in ;Ae one section and
the other. and to point out as lar as human
intelligence can DO ii II remedy for them. Nr.
Washington IS an advocate of industrial sdu-
ation without being az opponent OF aeadeinical
edu cation. He sees the need OF tne former
sort of ehucation; lie does not see the pressing .l
need Of the other sor- He hal .uu audience
of 1900 people. undar the auspices of this
White Rose Mission. a new cnterp pr Sc. and the
only one Of its kind in the CITY. Mr.. Wash
lngton made it plain to his audience that they
we're mcl.hers OF Il crauped Ind rstria condi-
ton. aud that what they stood moot in need
mental educatiun. lie pointed out that In
the, trade. unions occupations in the North
and the West. occupations in which skilled
labor. the OCCUPATIONS which are the ba Sos Of
american wealth and nrosperi:y, tie Afro
American has no opportunity whatever. He
Is barred out Internationally.
Mr.. washington Is Z hu:norist as well asa
philosopher. ana TO THIS TACT Is attributable
mn of Jhr success which he has ACCOMPLISHED
IN the work of elr"at.?n and IN sort&ing to
jeCts. He has not heretofore done much sueak.
Ing for ,A;ro-Amrl lean audiences.
Mr.. Washington, maintain that. under the
system of e4uratton "a nov conducted, 200
much tim" is wasted in putting IA ffty-cent
educatto" ,tnto a >en-cent heId; But this NAV
be generally true. IN educated Ounce must he
n better fellow. ruGre able 10 care for himself.
than an, tsnoTalt Ounce. But Mr.. Washing 4.
thn' tie American has every rossiblp Op-
pnrtunity to sn"ad money ia the North ard the
are terribly cirCum,crihei while on the other
hand. In the south. he mas every opportunity
he Se I wtIi' " npp"rtrmities' ''6h he mined 'i is most II a:
the OCCUPATIONS in the South are Sill open 20
members OF his race. but he insisted that IN
less members OF his race We're pre- pa red more
generally by systematic training to take the
.iaCes OF those now fast passing away, who
served m apurcattCesAIp in IA different system
Of industr!altsm than thaG ruling before and
immediately ni,ar tns var u4Gy w"nld be
training was to hr secured. and what GOOD re-
suits would follow IL" rosse sion "t Il. he ma!e
300 people Hho heard him. anG who have to
face industrial conditions in every section OF
OF the population. lie drew, naturally. tie
conclusion that II was lcIter ard wiser for
he restricted IA tho spend!n OF u than where
lie j. restricted in the making OF it and given
say. Mr.. Washington feels. and RIGHTLY. that
tn" sfronGrs ard best and most !utsl!igcnt
mcmhc.s OF the AFRO american IA 'e should ~. %,
main In the SoUth. and cudeavor to Contol
aud direct the moral. inteihectunl. and ma
terial tendencies of The masses.
H. emphasized this with great T. rec and clio.
quence an. wit; hut on this POINT il was easy
to see that bis good hhy,ce r"li Unon unsym
pathetic ears, aud :ll0t thOsr who had coma
out OF southern conditions and ;oiind in no
North and West larger personal anu civil lib.
ertY. would not return 10 th" iieshpnts unless
compelIrd TO do, So, an. that r'eN we're con
tent to remain In the North under disadvanr
tageous economic coni tons rather than in Tho
south. where the means of subsistence arc
easier 10 obtain. II Is human nature. d" Man
will always seek to Ell ioV the largest pOssihle
measure OF personal and ,iyii liberty. whatever
the cost. Tie sfru Eglrs NJ every race Tor
greater freedom have been baIeri upnn that
principle. and always Will NJ. The p int Is H.
Illustrated 10 day in the "ar ~ Ir-ecc against
TURKEY and u CGha again l SpaiH. The in.
tnlerahlr social and political conditions OF tho
southern states easily c"n.tcrhuIaaco n nero
economic advantage.
II should lr easy to conclude that u properly
built man would RAJ her dine M nu>Es tn tho
free Institutions OF the North aud Nest than