davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
The New Lobster Troubles.

The west coast of Newfoundland, known
as the French shore, Is once more the scene
of popular excitement, due to the closing.
by British warships, of such lobster canning
factories there as have been built in viola
tion of treaty rights.
The cruisers seem to be acting in accord
ance with their instructions, and these last
are based on the mOdus virendi reached by
France and England on the subject. But
the grievance Is the chronic one of the x-
istence Of the rights that have given the
shore its name. When the treatyo OF Utrecht
in 1913 ceded Newfoundland to England.
the reservation to the French fishermen of
the privilege of fishing and drying their fish
on the northern and western coasts was a con-
cession to a worthy and important industry.
France valued highly her American fish
cries, as she does to this day, and it was
then deemed wise to grant this favor to
those engaged in them; but it has proved a
prolific source of trouble, in one way or
another, ever since.
The lobster canning industry has sprung
up on that shore in the last fifteen
or twenty years. The British colon
lists, besides insisting broadly that the
treaty privilege of fishing and drying fish
there is not exclusive, but concurrent
with rights to be enjoyed by others
h French subjects, also urged, in
particular, that a lobster Is not a fish,
in the treaty sense, and that canning
Holsters is not drying fish. The Govern
ments at London and Paris interviewed, and
the result WIS an agreement legalizinR only
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
New Theory or Education.

From the Rochester Herald.
President Hall of Clark University has come to tho
conclusion that the present method OF teaching sci
ence to children is all wrong. "Current methods"
says the Boston Transcript. giving a summary OF his
views. "have said that tho child must commence tho
facts. the facts OF observation In detail, and work I'm
ward until by gradual combining the grown child
reaches the poetic. the religious. the sentimental az.
poets and feelings for nature and the world about us.
DR.. Hall says this should all be reversed. We should
ommenc with these feelings first, for psycholo0i-
cauy these poetic, religious. and sentimental feelinva
are the child's first heritage. Out OF them. and not
tho reverse, the knowledge and details OF science
grow. Hence his presentation of q mass of researches
made by himself and his students. showing the chnd's
wonderful sentimental. poetic, and religious attitude
toward the moon. the sun and the stars. Children
love the moon and the sun and the stars In a way wa
unthinkingly do not dream of. though the facts are
Just under our noses every day. They have all sorts
OF quaint notions concerning them. A little girl
wants TO kiss the moon; another tells IL all her so.
crets; another finds It always laughing and smiling
TO her. and she Is sure It understands her when she
confdes to II. DR.. Hall reads scores OF these EVIL.
dences OF the child's feeling for these heavenly bodies.
and then he jumps to the anthropological field and
pours In a perfect avalanche OF facts showing that I'm
the development OF the race the same feelings have
animated primitive peoples" He concludes. there.
fore. that children should be taught the myths OF
science. religion, and art first. and afterward the
facts grouped under these heads.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
A Lawless Chief Magistrate.

Mr.. GEORGE w. ATKINSON, the Governor
of West Virginia, has the power under the
Constitution of that Commonwealth to re-
NIT fines and penalties, to commute capital
punishment, and to grant reprieves and
pardons after conviction.
In the exercise of his constitutional
authority in this respect, he has just deter
mined to remit a fine Of 800 which was
imposed last year upon a man named w. S.
kIMEs, who was convicted of the crime Of
assault for having shot and attempted to
kill one BENJAMIN HALL, at Parkersburg.
HALL, it seems, had succeeded in alternating
the affections of Mrs. K1MEs from her hus-
band, and for this KIMEs shot him He
pleaded guilty, at the same time expressing
his sorrow that he had not killed HALL In
stead of only %wounding him. The penalty
was twenty-four hours imprisonment and
the fine from which Gov. ATKINSON has
now decided to relieve the injured husband.
In expressing his resolve to do this the
Governor uttered some very remarkable
sentiments. He declared hat the only
cause for regret was that K1MEs did not
kill HALL. Then, putting the case some
what more mildly, he said that HALL ought
to be imprisoned for life. And finally, be-
coming excited again, he repeated that a
villain like HALL was unfit to live in a civ
ilized community. "KIMEs," he exclaimed,
"should have practised with a revolver or
double-barrelled shotgun, so that when he
made the attempt he would have brought
HALL down."
If Gov. ATKINSON entertains such views
as these, he SHOULD lose no time in advising
the Legislature of West Virginia to change
the laws of that State in respect to offences
tending to disturb the marital relation and
in regard to justifiable homicide. The
alienation of a wife's affections is a grave
private wrong, and may properly be de-
clared by statute to be a serious GRIM
inal offence; but nowhere in any civil
lied country that we know Of has
it yet been made a capital crime or
one punishable by Imprisonment for life.
Gov. A~TK1NsoN's reported remarks con-
corning the HINES case could only be JUS
titled or excused il the laws of West Vir-
ginia prescribed death or lifelong incarcer-
alton as a penalty for the misconduct of the
man whom kIMEs tried to kill.
Under existing legislation, however, Gov.
ATKINsoN's extraordinary outburst is SIM
ply an invitation and Indictment to law
lessness and disorder, which would be
discreditable to any one, and merits special
censure in the Chief Magistrate of a State
of the American Union.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
OF SPEECH.


Tho Limitations Imposed By Public Trusts.
To Fl EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: The un-
fortunate incident recently discussed by you.
which has deprived Brown University OF an able
and valued President, Is not the first of its kind,
and 1t raises a general question.
There Is an obvious distinction between gen.
eral freedom Of speech and freedom of speech
on the part of a teacher, or one who regulates
the teaching, in a public institution. To tho
first there is. in a free country. no limit, saving
that of conscience, SO long as nothing ia said
which can incite to 9 breach Of the law. The
second is limited by the character and interests
Of the institution. What a man might be at
liberty to say Of his own authority and on his
own responsibility, he may not be at liberty to
say as a college President or professor, with the
authority and on the responsibility OF the col
lege.,
In this. as in all practical cases. it is difficult
to draw a line, buta line will be drawn by com.
mon discretion and good taste. which will lead
a professor Of political science. history. or econ
The general principles by which such questions
are to be settled he may teach; but the questions
them he viii shun. In a word, he will studiousiy
Keep eep clear OF party. And to- see that he does
kSse G1faE Be bod Ga Of tbs bs i = diR'X Incumbent Cd the
The case Of the President OF Brown Unvier.
sity Is one Of public but unofficial speech. To
draw the line here may be more difficult; vet
even here there is a line to be drawn. Tho
holder Of a public office can never en-
acter; his utterances must in some degree
affect the institution, the reputation OF which
he Is bound to respect and guard. The case of a
college President or professor is something like
that OF n judge. who never says or ought never
to say in public anything which can compromise
the possible effect of President Andrews ut
terances on donations or requests appear to be
hardly relevant.
The political neutrality of the universities is an
indispensable condition of the ~salutary influence
which. as organs of high principles and a scien-
IlnC SDlrlt. they NAV pCPrciap and al viafhIu ~
ercising, on political discussion and public life.
AN EMERITUS PROFESSOR,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
PUBLIC orrToB A PUBLIC TRUST.
The Famous Maxim Appeared in JeGorson
DaVib'a writings.

DnNhtp NNritIuBH-
To THE EDITOR OF TIE SuN-Sir: Somehow
I overlooked your recent publications in respect
to the quotation, Public Office Is a Public
Trust" until this morning. Referring to a sec
ond publication in your issue Of July % as to
Col. Daniel Lannon'S agency, Sc, 1 beg leave to
call your attention to a very interesting para
graph on this subject from which it will appear
that Mr.. Cleveland undoubtedly obtained the
idea, not from a perusal Of the Democratic plat
form Of 1876, nor from Lord Chancellor LouRh-
borough's writings. but from the inaugural adj
dress Of Mr.. Jefferson Davis as provisional Pres.
ident OF the Southern Confederacy.
In support Of this suggestion I quote the fol-
lowing from a pamphlet, entitled Third Term,
Presidential" by ex-senator and ex-Attorney-
General Garland Of Arkansas. In that pamphlet.
published nearly two years since, in which the
pernicious doctrine Of a third term was ably
combatted. Mr.. Garland says:
There are public onices and there are private
Offices. and. as their names import, one sort ia for
public interest alone and the other for private inter
est, and the two must not be mingled or COMPOUNDED.
"a public once Is q public trust" said Mr.. Burke
many years ago. and Mr.. Jefferson reiterated it with
sharp emphasis (Rayners - Life OF Jefferson, !" p. $500.
and SO did Mr.. Calhoun, July IS. 1885. and Mr.. Charles
Sumner. on May 81. 1872, said this phrase had Of late
become common property. Looking over some old.
musty papers historical OF the "lost cause" I find Mr..
Jefferson Davis. in his inaugural address as the pro-
visional President OF the Southern Confederacy. April
20, 1851. says all public orlces are but public trusts. "
thus. in his first bow to the public in this experiment
OF government, In an address couched in that pure
and undenled English Of which he was perfect mas
ter, placing before his people the great value and i'm
portance of seeing and understanding this distinction.
1 think Judge Cooley. in his Principles of
Constitutional Law" Second edition, 1891, says
that "a public Office is a public trust" and Gen.
Garland calls attention to the fact that, In the
campaign of 1884. Mr.. Cleveland recalled this
maxim tof Jefferson Davis) to the attention of
the American people, and urged them not to for
get it. The General very aptly says that it
1884; 1t blazed and Rlittered upon the trans.
parencies in the torchlight professions; 1t
cleaned upon all the party flags and it appealed
to the voters Of the country at all times and in
all ways. and the party went to victory with
that criterion as Its chief prop and support"
HENRY II. SMITH.
FRONT ROYAL, Va, Aug. 10.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
Nearing the Million Mark.

A statement drawn up at the Pension Of
fee shows that the number of pensioners
on the roll for June 80, the end of the last
fiscal year, was 9s3,52S. This prodigious
total breaks all records. the surprising fact
being that now, thirty-two years after the
close of the civil war, the number of pen.
sioners is larger than at any preceding
time, although the ravages of death among
the survivors of the war are now becoming
80 great. In other words, the influx to the
list still exceeds the increasing outflow.
In 1865, the last year of hostilities, the
number of pensioners on June 80 was set
down at s5.9s6. A year later it got into
six figures, with 6,722. The increase
thenceforward was steady, yet moderate,
until 207 ,495 was reached in 1871. Two
years later, in 1873, what then appeared to
be its maximum was attained, June 80
showing 23s,411 for the following year it
fell to 236, 241, this being the first decrease
in a dozen years. The nex Jun there was
a falling of to 234,s21 the next, to 232,-
1877 the next, to 232, 1O4 the next, to
223.
But then, just as a continuing ebb, with
these five successive years. seemed assured,
the tide turned. Tn Arrears and other
pension acts made a vast difference. In
1879 the record for June 80 rose to
242,755, and each succeeding June from
that time has shown an increase, larger or
smaller, up to the one just past. In 1888
the number had grown to 800, 65s; in 1887,
to 406, OO7, while in 1890 it passed the
half-million mark, June 80 of tina year
showing 1894.
Thereafter it took prodigious bounds, in
f1uenced largely by the Disability Pension
act. The first years jump was nearly 14O,-
600, to 676.16O in 1891 while even that
was outdone by an increase of nearly 2OO,-
BOO in the following twelve months, to
S76,06s. A third increase brought the
number to 966, o12 on June 80, 1893.
just there, however, when there was a
general expectation of reaching the million
mark the following June, since fewer than
$4,000 net additions were required to do it,
the annual gain dwindled to q few thou
sand, the number reached being 900, 544.
The next year the gain was smaller yet, not
quite a thousand, the total being $40, 524.
When, therefore, last year, the gain fell off
to only 154, the total being 97O,67s, it
seemed an easy prediction that this year
there would be an actual loss, and that the
ebb would again set in.
But, on the contrary. the gain Is the
striking one Of 1880, or the biggest in
four years; and with only 1912 more to
be made up, the million mark may soon be
reached.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
HIS RING IN HIS MELON.
A soasonable Tale which Ia soIemuly vouchet
For by the Teller.

For by the Teller.
From the Memphis Commercial Appeal.
Walter L. Heron. general delivery clerk al
the Post Office, has enjoyed a good reputation
for veracity among his friends. but the story
that he told to them yesterday was all that the
most credulous of his friends could stand, and
too much for the majority of them. 1t was late
in the afternoon when Mr.. Heron called a re.
porter of to one side Of the building and pref.
aced his remarks with the following:
Now, 1 would not be the least bit surprised
IL you did not believe the story that 1 an going
to tell you. but it is a fact, nevertheless.
down Ru IN tSe eH Tie safiy p of Whit O. H fhS sprin and / U ons
father:in.law, DR.. B. A.. Shaw. had planted in
a heavy gold ring that I had been wearing upon
my watch chain. The chain broke and l spent
an hour looking for the ring. but it was all in
u untii y sS.nahs m Or. sRa% had ses sent 0t t ns r fns
watermelon for a Sunday dinner, and down in
the centre of it I cut into something that looked
strange. Embedded right in the centre of the
red fruit there was a white substance like the
inner portion Of the rind. Into this I cut, and
there was the ring that I had lost several
Here Mr.. Heron saw that the reporter was
seriously embarrassed. and he protested that
the story toTy " was e. az true as anything that he had
the .Y s,srs can prove it BY Dr. D. 81, shawS continued
f hoas sitshha aii saw uSn t. 'f New / Sav ts not st the sli 81 tns
idea how the ring got in there. but 1t evidently
must have done so when the melon was quite
fully July intended tie sIsi p SHs %SiDa t the p %R er Of the ri find
get destroyed"
remained for several months in a position in q
melon corresponding to that which Jonah occu-
pied for a short time in the whale. 1t was q
large heavy ring. not very thick, but nearly half
an inch broad.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
The Glover Leaf Emblem.

The section of the Electoral Code regulat-
Ing nominations for public office in New
York says that party nominations are
to be made by a convention or by a
duly authorized committee of a con-
vention of a political party which,
lat he last preceding general election,
before the holding of such convention,
at which a Governor is elected, cast ten
thousand votes in the State for such Off
GERS" The implication to be drawn from
this vague language is that a political
party In New York which cast ten thou.
sand votes for State officers in a year
In which a Governor was voted for, though
not necessarily for the Governor specifically,
is entitled to the privilege which the
law gives to regular parties, that is, the use
OF symbols on a ticket, the right to put a
full ticket in the field without the formal
ity of nomination by petition, and other
political rights as to watchers and the
filling of vacancies.
The question has arisen, and the deter.
mination of it is now a matter of some con.
troversy, whether this year the Peoples
party, so called, Is entitled to nominate
candidates for the municipal and county
officers, in the territory of the enlarged
New York; and this right, If it exists, may
be found to be important, because the afiIi.
ated Populists of this city and Brooklyn
show signs of a disposition TO nominate
their W candidates.
The Peoples party, or Populist party,
was organized at Omaha, in Nebraska, in
July, 1892, and In the first contest in
which it engaged in New York State it
polled 16,4OO votes. The next year it
polled 1890, not a very large increase,
and in 1894, IL 1000, a decided falling off.
In the election of 1895, when the system
OF symbols and emblems was first incorpo-
rated into New York's electoral system,
the Populist party, with the clover leaf as
Its distinguishing characteristic, polled less
than 1000 votes, and fell, therefore, below
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
a rEycE wan IN r1hrnr,n
n1cCanna's NeiEhbors Buiid Two Twsnty.nv..
Eoot Enncca Around HIn atnhle-

Foot fencca Around His Stable.
Several years ago John Refs OF Cation ayonue.
Flatbush. built n twenty.ive-foot board fence
close to the rear OF Patrick McCanna's stable ON
Flatbush avenue to hide tho stable yard from
his windows. McCanna, who is Hugh McLaurh.
Inns lieutenant in Flatbush, decided to get light
and air by making windows in the sido Of the
stable. Joseph Wurzlcr owns n 100000 apart.
mcnt house at Cation and Flatbush avenues, the
rear windows Of which overlook McCanna'u
stable. Yesterday Mr.. Wurzler began TO build
a hcavy brick wall close to the side of tho stable.
1t is TO be forty feet long, twenty-five fcot high,
and sixteen inches thick. and will shut out all
the light arG air from McCannn's stable.
Mr.. McCannn notified the Building Depart
n,ent and asked whether Mr.. WurZler Sss
breaking the law. He was told that u permit fr
exc Guiding OF tho fence had been irsusu.
Mr.. McCAnnR said he thought Mr.. Wurzier
was trying TO get even with him for renting a
store to n grocer who is a rival to q tenant of Mr..
wurzler.
There is no feeling In the matter" said Mr..
friends. My tenants don't like to look at tho
stable or to see the clothes of McCannA's ten.
ants. / am simply trying to hide the stable from
their view and to improve my property. This
is not to be q spite wall II is costing mo con.
siderable. i am not tho man to spend good
money to injure anybody"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
MAIL ROUTE TO THE kLoNDrkE.
Post once Omcinis Trying to Arrange with
Canada for Its Interchange or Mail.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 1.-THE Post Office on.
cials here entered into correspondence with tho
Canadian Post Office Department with a view OF
establishing an office at Dawson City. Alaska,
for the interchange Of mail. When tho Yukon
closes up it will be necessary to send tho mail
for Circle City and other points in American
territory via Juneau. Dyea. and Dawson City by
means of dog sledges. The idea is that the mail
shall be carried from Circle City end adjoining
places to Dawson City, and that mail shall go up
from Juneau to Dawson City. the carriers ex.
changing at that place. This would necessitato
the making of Dawson City an international ex.
change Office.
The department has given permission to tho
steamers carrying the mail up the Yukon to
leave mail at the mission posts en- route, and as
rapidly as possible Postmasters are being ap.
pointed for these places. With the increase Of
trado and the influx OF miners it is expected
that posts will be established about a hundred
miles apart, where relays of dogs and sledges
will be provided. and where a stock OF pro.
visions will be Kept. When this is done the de-
partment anticipates no difficulty in opening up
a limo of communication with even the most re-
mote camps, and dispatches of mails will bo
much more frequent. At present the mail 70
this country is carried at a heavy loss.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
SUNBEAMS.

FROM Horton. Ran. a man went to the Klondike.
leaving behind him his bride of six months.
For stealing a dozen potatoes a Virginia negro
was sentenced to one year In the Portsmouth Jail.
Hail broke forty panes of glass in the saudown.
NJ H., meeting house windows in one afternoon storm.
"A yellow dog deraiied a hand car near Reno.
Kan, and the car went over a twenty.foot embank.
ment. injuring three men. The dog, after the acct.
dent. Just got up and barked.
Prosperity has reached North Carolina. Gen.
william r. Cox. speaking for tho eastern part of tho
State recently, said that the crops eTcelled any since
1889, which was a record year.
After a barn had been set afro by lightning At
Chambersburg. Pa, Williamson Ieisher. l2 years
old. entered It and cut loose three OF his fathers
seven horses and led them safely out.
There is a low but distinct growl in Laconia, N.
H., over tho fact that the city pays $3.50 a year in car
fares for students at the high school. "As well send
hacks for those who don't live on a car line cries
one local paper.
Mrs. Minnie Pendleton OF Ottawa, Kan, through
correspondence with the Pension Bureau at Washing.
ton. has established communication with her father,
now q rich farmer OF oregon. who left his old home
for the war when his daughter was 4 years old.
Northampton county. Va. for its report on the
advent OF prosperity sends word that whereas last
year the county folk raised and shipped 2S4. $40 bar
rsls of potatoeS, they have this year shipped only
100. 900 barrels, hut have received several times rs
much money for the shipments as they got for lass
years crop.
Along with the signs OF prosperity from other
sections comes tn" report from Carthage. Mo. that
lead deposits OF Sunicient richness have lrci. found
there to give employment to quite a number Of men.
Then, too, according to estimates made at Carthage,
early apples alone win bring In $40. 900 to the farm.
ers OF that section.
IoA'r'ry 70 a pretty welldinused notion. farm
labor, in some Instances at leaat aVs I,.tt.r Than
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-08-12
Jealousy OF q Hungry Elephant.


The herd of elephants which came through
from Pittsfleld Friday with the circus caused q
broken arm to an unfortunate tramp. He had
stolen a ride on the menagerie train, and when
It stopped at the West Springfield stock yard
he jumped of and pulled some grass, which no
gave through the car to one Of the elephants.
He was about to repeat the process on another
elephant when the first animal. either through
hunger or jealousy. grabbed his right arm with
The man finally broke loose and fell by the
fence which borders the road at that point.
James Emory. a brakeman. saw him and having
secured, assistance from. the lobby. was going
to take him to a physician. but the man, who
feared they were going to arrest him and broke
away and disappeared down the Agawam road.