davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10

In answer to the proposition, how shall
we maintain the. fertility of the farm
he said in part: In regard to main
tanning the fertility of the soil, the
wording of the question presupposes
the idea that such a thing is possible,
and just here remark experience has
demonstrated that it is not only pos
sible to maintain. but even increase.
the fertility of our farms, and by a
Judiclous and proper course of treat
ment and mana cement hand them
down to future generation in at least
as good condition as when we received
them, and thus demonstrate that in
this respect. at least, we have been
faithful stewards of the trust COM
mitted to our keeping
THE first question which presents it
self is what do we mean by the term
fertility of SOIL to which l answer,
possession Of and power TO furnish
plant food. because it is not sufficient
of itself that the soil shall simply be
in possession of the different elements,
chemicals and substances. upon which
plants feed. but it is essentially neces-
sary that these shall all be in such con-
dition as to be readily taken up and
made available by the growing plant.
To illustrate: Experience has de-
monstrated that bone meal is very
valuable fertilizer and great stimulator
OF plant growth, especially beneficial
TO the wheat plant, and yet we might
scatter tons of dry bones over the sur
face of an acre of ground and still the
growing crop receive not one particle
of benefit therefrom
Now it is a principle well under
stood in the bushes of farming that
exhaustion of the soil, or reduced fer
tility, simply means that these differ
ent elements upon which plants depend
for their growth have been removed
from the soil by the continued cropping
of the same.
I have an old German friend who
says some very sensible things in
rather an awkward way, and upon one
occasion, in speaking of a field of corn
that had not come uD to his eXpecta-
lions, explained it all by saying he
guessed the corn Juice was all out of
the ground.
Now it makes no difference by what
name we call it; we may speak OF it
as the richness of the soil, or we may
apply the names which science and
chemistry have given to these different
elements and speak of them as the nj
trogen, the ammonia, and the phos-
phoric acids, the potash and aikalies,
or adopt the more homely expression of
my old friend. and refer to it as the
juice yet the fact remains that if
these have been removed from the soil
the fertility has been reduced to that
extent and in order to maintain the
former condition a system of reStltu-
ton must be adopted; and if we sue
coed in restoring as much as has been
we maintain the fertility, and
more than that tends to increase the
fertility"
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
Beet Profits in California.

! There are now being planted in the
fields about Anaheim for that concern,
says the Anaheim (Cal) Gazette, up
ward of 1000 acres of beets, which,
reckoning at an average output of IL
tons per acre, will yield $4,000 tons. In
asmuch as the favorable indications
for a large and very profita bic harvest
render the estimate of i tons per acre
low one, we think it is not too much
to say that in round numbers the beet
product of this section Will not be a
pound short of $4,000 tons, and even this
may be exceeded 5000 tons or more. At
the former figure this tonnage will
represent a monetary outlay of not less
than 5000. 000 and these figures may be
nearly, if not quite, duplicated on ac-
count of the heets now being seeded
for the Alamitos factory. At Chino
$500 acres will be planted to beets. and
in different sections of Ventura patches
aggrega ting 1.500 acres of new land Will
likewise be seeded to this sugar pro-
ducng plant. Altogether. the Chino fac
tory people entertain estimates of ton
mage of not less than $4,000 tons of beets
to be delivered at their bins this sum-
mer, which, at 81 per ton. will necessi-
tate an outlay of $4,000 This tonnage
of the raw product will be worked into
an estimated output of not far below
40. 000.000 pounds of sugar. which. at a
net profit of IL cents a pound, netted
the factory owners the comfortable
cleanup of $3.50, 500 for the season.
The year before. on an output of 90
000 900 pounds of sugar. the profit being
cents per pound. the net cleanup was
100000. SO that it will be seen that
with a tonnage of more than double
that of last year, the output of sugar
will not be much less than the E<ures
given. An output of 900 pounds of
sugar. at profit of IL cents, will yield
$500. 000 and if the price of sugar
should have an upward tendency on ae-
count of the new tariff bill, the net
profit of the campaign may be 2 cents,
or even as high as 3 cents a pound. At
these figures the computation of the
seasons enormous profits nay he de-
termined at a glance. In this view of
the situation. the efforts of the sugar
manufacturers looking TO the restora-
ton of the cents bounty take Oh ra-
Their an interesting aspect. That the
price of sugar will rise with the new
tariff bill is undeniable. but even at the
present low price, there is enormous
profit in the sugar industry in this ia
vored part of southern California.
While sugar making may not thrive as
well in less favored sections, in SOUTH
ern California the business affords re-
turns with profits as low as IL cents
d pound. Even at this exceedingly low
rate the net cleanup this season at
Chino will not fall short of 100000.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
TELEGRAPHIC BREVITIES.

At Brooklyn, N j.. fire destroyed the
shoe factory occupied by Poore x DoOle
and w. p Bradford and three adjoining
buildings were also burned. Loss $4,000.
The large malt house of Henry w:
Rickel d Co. at Detroit, was destroyed
of malt was destroyed The loss on the
building is $4,000. fully insured.
The Syndical Chamber of Textiles
and Draperies at Paris has addressed a
communication to the United States
pointing out the dangers which the
Dingley tariff involves to the industry
and the trade of the whole world.
Serious disorders have broken cut in
several places in Spain in connection
with the municipal elections now in
progress. At Balao the Socialists have
made violent demonstrations and at
Linares a Liberal voter has been killed.
The queen regent of Spain has issued
a decree authorizing the raising of fSO00.-
COO TO he secured by the customs duties
opera tons in Cuba and the Philippine
islands The Bank OF Spain will under
tale the issue.
The board of directors of the Kansas
state penitentiary have announced to the
convicts that the regulation striped uni
forms viii he discarded beginning on the
4th of July. The new garb of the con-
victs is to be of gray material. with black
stripes along the outer seam of the
trousers and around the coat sleeves.
The rumor is prevalent at Pittsburg
that the Beam pool has collapsed.
cuSs the matter. 1t was composed of the
Carnegie Steel company. the Iackawanna
Steel company, the Illinois company. the
Shango Steel company and JoneS-Laugh-
Inns. 1t is said that within a week prices
haze dropped from s1-55 per pound to 95
cents.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
Cross Breeding.

Western Farm Journal: A correspond
ent asks when and to what extent cross
breeding * permissible or advantageous.
We assume that the inquirer means the
maj ting OF two animals of different i'm
proved breeds. 1t is quite generally adj
mitted that where the two parents are
both from breeds that have been bred for
the same purpoSe-for making meat. say
good Individual results are often Sc
cured in the 1lrSt cross. Frequently they
are even better individually than either
parent, and # one could maintain-a herd
OF pure bred beef cattle OF one breed and
cross them with a pure bred bull of an
other. II Is likely he would get some good
market stock from the cross. This is the
most that could be admitted for crossing
however. For breeding again. the
progeny would be wholly unreliable, and
10 pursue the crossing would be about as
short a cut ITO the woods as one could
take. When the crossing is done between
breeds that have been bred for different
purposes, as, for instance. between u beef
breed and j milk breed the good results
OF the first cross are not favorable and
aftS- crossing only produces confusion
worse COMPOUNDED. Much harm has, we
think, been done to the market cattle in
terestS by what have been thought to be
the necessities of dairying. 1t has led
to q great deal of promiscuOus and I'M
wise crossing with dairy breed bulls that
has produced sorry lot of stuff from a
beef STANDPOINT and has hardly paid from
the dairy side. The better way is to grade
up along the same line all the time. Mate
pure bred animals TO good males of the
breed 10 which they belong; on ordinary
natives that are without any particular
breeding choose a pure bred male from
the breed preferred and then stick TO II,
using good blood of the same breed on the
grade females as they come along until
the progeny become practically pure
bred. The results of the first cross often
look promising but the policy is bad
and should never be pursued.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
CROWNED WITH LAURELS
VICTORS IN THE TURNER GAMES
RECEIVE AWARDS.
Closing Day Marred by Heavy
Rain Storm-Results of Yester-
days Contests.

St. Louis, May, S.-The twenty
seventh national festival of the North
American Gymnastic union or Turner
bund today closed a most successful
meeting of three days and prizes were
awarded to the visitors. Like those
given by King George of Greece to the
successful competitors in the Olympian
games at Athers last year, they con-
sisted of laurel wreaths. Each wreath
was tied With a white satin ribbon,
inscribed with the words. Twenty
seventh bund-t funniest, st. Louis, May
9, 1897" A diploma accompanied each
wreath.
The awards were-@made tonight at
Lieberkranz hall in the presence of an
immense crowd of the disciples of
jain.
Jupiter Pluvius reigned supreme at
the fair grounds today, but in spite of
the showers that he poured down there
were %. 900 men, women and children
out to see the sights. 1t had been ex-
pected to make this the banner day
of the festival, but the wet weather
caused a curtailment Of the pro-
gramme. The class exercises had to
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
Lehi Sugar Farm.

Lehi Banner: The farm owned by the
sugar company on the bench is one of
the best regulated and attended tracts
of land in the district and shows the
splendid results of their labor The
work of irrigation is very materially
aided by their reservoir system. At
the head of the land they have a reser-
voir covering about seven acres and
into this runs all the water owned in
the ditch by the company This means
a flow of water about nine and a half
days out of y and is enough to keep
it nearly full As the water is needed
it is drawn from here through the
Sluice gates and one man is kept
watering nearly all the time but does
not need to work at night, as the sys-
tenn does away with the disagreed BILE
night watering. There is no seeDa ge
or but little waste from the reservoir.
Il is an excellent system and the irri-
cation companies might learn a good
lesson from it.
They a have 50-acre tract which has
been planted in beets. These are al
ready coming through and give prom
Use of an excellent crop. though more
plants would come up if there was a
little rain TO soften the slight crust on
the ground. The field of mother beets''
are growing very nicely and the rows
can easily be seen. They have every
reason to believe they Will raise an ex-
cellent crop of seed from these this
year.
Since the first. Mr. Heber Austin has
had charge of this farm and has
proved an able manager
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
HOW to Mount a Broncho.

In a recent number of the American
Horse Breeder. W. F. Stephens, of Mon
tana. has the following to say about
mounting bronchos.
Referring to an article that appeared
in the Horse Breeder March > 1897 Civ
ing instructions. by one Belmont how
to mount a horse Mr.. Stephens says:
He especially refers TO the 'broncho. -
which means an unbroken horse and
from considera bic experience with that
type OF = horse, | imagine that BEL
mont's experience has been limited TO
the broncho that has been busted" to
enable him to try his theory of mount
ing without having received a fall
His theory would apply in perfect safety
to the old farm ho-se that the children
have been IN the habit of riding to the
fields bareback with a halter for bride
The genuine broncho with bucking pro-
pensities, still rampant factor IN his
makeup would haze had his head be-
tween his forelegs. and "Bemont's' right
foot would never have found his stirrups
nor would he have gained more than a
temporary seat IN the saddle before that
''bucking broncho" would have sent BEL
mont IN a beautiful curve to the open
arms of mother earth. The broncho then
being an unbroken horse your action
must be governed accOrdinglv and you
must guard against two very important
contingencies: First. the broncho's dispo-
sition To make a headIong jump forward
the moment he secs your body rising TO-
ward his back; and second, his desire
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
Rotation in Crops.

The Minnesota experiment station has
been conducting some experiments in
rotating crops, and announces some
general facts in relation thereto in bull
letln No. %, just published Of the six
crops used in the Xperiments-corn
wheat, flax. potatoes, mangles and peas
potatoes best prepared the land for the
succeeding crop. mangels stood next corn
and field peas next, wheat next and flax
was the poorest as a preparatory crop.
Crops growing after cultivated ones
averaged per cent better than after
cereals Field peas were equal to corn
as preparation of the land for other
crops. If, as the experiments indicate
TILED crops add 10 per cent to the yield
of those that succeed them. then more of
the earnings of the farm must be placed
to the credit of the cultivated crop than
its own yield, merely. If on the other
hand, flax and wheat detract 10 per cent
from the following crop, this amount
must be deducted from the apparent
profit on the wheat and flax crops. Di-
versification means but little to the field
when the rotation is between cereal grain
crops. Cultivated pasture and meadow
crops must be used in rotation with the
grain crops if land is to be kept in good
condition for profitable farming. The
larger variety of crops increases the
amount of live stock that can be kept on
the farm, as more animals are necessary
to utilize many OF the cultivated crops,
as we'll as the products of the pastures
ard meadows.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
Good Horses Scarce.

The following is taken from a paper
by F. j. Berry, Union Stock Yards
/ Chicago, read at the Cook County
Farmers institute: The Importation OF
darft horses into this country for the
last So years has made a wonderful inn
provemenT in draft horses and all
classes of work and general utility
horses. Until within four years, in
fine horses of all classes we lead the
world. but the panic and the great un-
certainty of financial affairs have SO
depressed all values. especially the
value Of horses they have become so
low in our markets that breeders and
farmers have become discouraged at
the disastrous prices they have re-
ceived for horses in the last few years,
and IS per cent of them have gone out
of the business disposing of their stall
lions and selling most of their mares;
the remainder have bred but very few
colts.
Although horses have been so very
low for the past four years, farmers
could not carry their full stock, so
have been obliged to sell their horses
for the best prices they could get.
Therefore. they have but a very moder-
ate supply on hand, and most of them
of the lower grades.
Go to farm in any part of this
you will find but very few good horses
If a small farm, you will hardly find
one; if a large farm. with 10 or 80
horses, as a rule. you will hardly be
able to pick out more than six or eight
that would be considered good market
horses, including all classes of work,
draft and light harness horses. Even
if you go TO Kentucky, and go to the
best breeding establishments, you Will
find but very few and on some farms
none, that would be up to the require
ments of a good light harness horse.
In trying to produce extreme speed,
breeding and pedigree were only taken
into account, size and all other valua-
bic qualities were lost sight of. The
horses thus bred are mostly too small,
light bones, unsound, inferior quality,
plain and common looking. Now, this
condition of affairs exists all over the
horse raising sections of the United
States.
While the good kinds are so very
scarce throughout the whole country,
and so small a per cent of good market
horses to be found. there is a large sup
ply of the unstable low grade-and
they will be cheap for long time to
come.
The causes of this are: first, while
prices have been so low, and the mar
ket so depressed, the breeders and
farmers. to make a sale, have had to
sell their largest and best horses, thus
leaving the small, inferior, unsound
and low grades on their hands. The
grade in size has been raised every
year.
For the last four years. the market
has demanded larger horses until the
present day, small horse. unless he
has a great deal of speed, is of little
value, and a thing of the past. No
light harness horse should be less than
15% hands, weighing LOO pounds, and.
in this day of progress, must be road
ster bred and breedy looking.
They should be bred from the Ham
bletonian stock; the Wilkes preferred.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10

to get his head down and get a rood
cinch or his bucking gear, loc=ted in
his backbone. after you have got on his
back.
Hence. to counteract the above natural
traits OF the animal referred to, you
should mount as follows: Stand on the
tween horses head and the saddle. hold
your left hand over the horses neck,
about y inches behind his ears. draw the
reinS with the right hand through the
fingers of the left. until YOU feel a slight
pressure on the bit now move your left
hand down to the middle of the cheek
piece OF the Bride allowing the off rein
to slip easily through the fingers; grasp
the cheek piece firmly with the left
hand; still holding the reins in the same
hand. with YOU right hand draw the left
stlrrup quietly towards you. raise your
left foot and place your foot in the same,
raise your right hand quickly. grasp the
pommei OF your saddle, and quickly raise
yourself by aid of your stirrup and right
arm; as your left leg straightens throw
your right leg, fully extended, over your
horse. and thrust the foot in the right
StlrruD- The moment you throw your
right leg over. let go the cheek piece. lift
your left hand straight up with a tight
grip on your rein. so that should the
broncho attempt to get his head down
you will forestaIl the attempt with a
strong pressure on the bit.
You are now mounted and prepared to
take your medicine if he does buck. which
no known method can prevent but which
this method will render less severe than
if he had his head The other very inn
portant reason for standing so well for-
ward in mounting is TO keep the broncho
from kicking YOU when he attempts to
break away from you as you are in the
act of mounting. Having "A firm hold of
the cheek piece of the bride you not only
prevent his whirling away from you but
jerks YOU forward with him when he
makes his plunge. thus keeping you out
of reach of his heels
In mounting broken horses the safest
and. easiest, as well as most graceful is
as follows: Stand as before mentioned.
place year left hand over the horses neck
about six inches forward of the withers
draw the reins through the fingers of the
left hand with the right hand until
slight pressure is felt. With the aid of
your right hand place your left foot in
the stirrup and raise yourself rapidly and
easily. and throw the right leg over the
horse, secure the foot in the stirrup.
and throw the right leg over the horse
secure the foot in the stirrup, hold your
body straight up. and release the reins
in your left hand sufficiently to allow
them TO slide through the fingers until
your left hand has reached a natural
position, which is just over the pommel
To mount horse gracefully requires
that all the motion should be made
quickly, but easily and with precision
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-05-10
How to Renew an orcbord

j. Ames to the State Missouri Horti-
cultural society: This question is con-
fronting many people who are occupy
ing old farms. To arrest old trees from
their downward career and restore
them TO the new vigor and fruitfulness
would indeed seem impossible Never
theless, Just this has been done. Afanv
orchards go TO decay prematurely.
This may result from many or a. com
oinauon of causes. Trees that have
borne large crops of fruit year after
year are nrst to fail if not abu;l dainty
supplied with the plant food used in
the production of crops. while these
trees that have little bur leaves con-
tinue 20 grow, and appear healthy and
vigorous. The first old orchards were
not properly appreciated and received
but little care, hence year after wear
destructive insects have multiplied. and
funSI and insects affect the entire or
chard- The soil by continued draught
upon the particular substances re-
CURED by the trees. has become ex-
hausted Thus, universal wreck and
ruin appear on every hand. If such an
orchard should fall into our hands. the
hrst aim and purpose would be to
affect an entire revolution by renewing
the soil with an abundant supply of
stable manure and wood ashes spread
over the entire surface of the ground
putting but little in contact with the
trees. A full and complete change of
the tops by grating and putting on
new tops with change of fruit on every
tree, should be done, also a thorough
cleaning of the trunks of the trees and
the application of a wash composed of
lime. crude carbolic acid and strong I've
for the destruction of all insect life.
and the cleansing and renewing of the
bark TO smooth, healthy condition.
Spray for the destruction of coddling
moth ard scab fungi. This with fire.
quent and continued cultivation and
fresh application of fertilizers until the
soil is restored to a high state of fer
tillty win rejuvenate the old trees.