The Dickinson press., 1897-12-25
WHAT MAKES a CATHEDRAL,

WHAT MAKES a cATHEDRALi
Meaning Of the WORD asA ~ Church
Deoomss Oae1eAlaL &
Wherein does q cathedral di6m
from an ordinary eht1rrhi What is
: cathedrali The word b d1rlyed
from kathedra, which means q
raised seat-in this case the seat Of
a bishop. for the cathedral Is the
church in which the bishop has his
seat or Chair. It was in former
times called domus-that is, the
house (duomo, Italian; dom, Ger
many, meaning the house Of the
Lord. And still earlier the name
matrix eoclesia was given to the
cathedral, but at the present time
any church which has others subject
to it can also lay claim to this title.
In the Roman Catholic commun-
ion no cathedral can be established
without direct permission from the
pope, nor can church, collegiate
or otherwise, be converted into a
cathedral without the same permis-
sion. Nor can one bishop have ju-
risdiction over more than one ca
thedral. OF course, temporal power
has often arisen against papal au-
thority, as when, for instance, in
France the revolutionary govern
ment reduced the number of do
ceses from 1876 to 60, in opposition to
the Vatican. However, had the rev.
olutionists asked, permission might
have been granted for so doing, in
asmuch as the authorities Of the
church are often willing to yield to
the demands of the times. Old sees
are often suppressed. By the con-
cordat with Napoleon in 1903 Rome
sanctioned the notification Of q
large number of bishoprios, in con-
sequence Of which France from that
time has contained only about sb
episcopates, instead Of the 1876 exist
ing before the revolution.
Analogous changes are provided
for In the Anglican communion by
the theory of the royal supremacy,
though this theory has been modi-
fed somewhat by the progress of
political demands. In the Anglican
church the sovereign is still su-
preme "in all causes and over all
persons, ecclesiastical as well as
civil"
The sovereign still has the title
Of Defender of the Faith" though
the absolute power thus vested is
somewhat curtailed by the parlia-
ment, which has a right to condemn
or uphold the will of the ruler.
But, for the most part, parliament
and head act conformity, and both
have often wiped out old and set up
new sees. In Ireland ten Protestant
bishoprios were suppressed at one
stroke by act Of parliament, and also
several suffragan sees in England.
But with the Roman church the
power of suppressing or creating a
cathedral see rests with the pope
alone.
When a cathedral is once estab-
lished, there are certain laws laid
down for its government. The coun-
Gil Of Trent forbids the holding Of
more than one cathedral church or
the holding of a cathedral along
with a parish church by the same
bishop. 1t also enjoins that the Or
dinations of ministers shall be pub.
licly celebrated in cathedrals. The
bishop must be present in his own
cathedral at such ceremonies as me-
cessitate the services Of a bishop.
He cannot name a deputy unless
there is coadjutor in the diocese.
Neither has the bishop absolute con-
troll Of the cathedral funds. As in
all other churches, he is voted GER
tain yearly stipend. The cathedral
differs in no respect from other
churches beyond the fact Of the
bishops chair being located there.
Church Economist.