davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1897-01-05

Die 3abl Der an Der @6olera trepir-
ten S9meine (meiitens i'm Nlter pnn
weni9er ais Elm Sabr) belduft li6 anf
1900. 900 uno Der Oaour6 ueruriabte
8erlut auf SIS. 900. 900. Sn Clap
ton Gountp iino II ProSent trepirt. in
ben Counties oes nOroOitliAen Soma
Our9idnittli6 7 PrOsent. Ser arSBte
gsrluit &c PrOysnt) wiro bon War-
iball @ountp berihtst, Der 9sriusite q
proSent) bon Sadion Gountp.
Ser ~biesidbri9e ouraianittlibe
Seudti9teits. Nieoeri6la9 i'm sansen
Staate (pdbreno Der IL Wonats biz
gum l. 9e,.) bslduft ii9 auf 1862
3oll ooer S.75 3oa mebr als Der se=
w6bnlide Sur6Idnitt.
9tidt peniger als 80. 900. 900 Pfunb
Butter gum Wertbe BON $40. 600. 900
iino pdbreno oes Sabres 1896 aus
benz Staats psrIanpt woroeu - S..
O40, 900 mebr ais Die 8eiammt=Y ro=
button aller Silberminen in Den Ser.
Staten -ab9eleben bon BEN einbeimi-
idsn SutterOerbrau6 fir bic 2,000,-
900 gswO9nsr oss STATES.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26

Supreme Court Of the United states. When Sec
rotary Seward and his son. Frederick w. Sew
ard, were wounded by the accomplice OF Presi-
dent Lincoln's assassin, Clarence A. Seward was
called to Washington. was made Assistant Sec
rotary of state. and conducted the affairs Of the
Department until his cousin was able TO resume
his duties
Not only was Mr. Seward leader in his pro
fcsslon. but also In social and educational af
fairs. From 1890 he president OF the Union
Club Of this city. He always took great Interest
In his college and fraternity relations. and in
1880 was elected president OF Alpha Delta Phi
having had among his predecessors In that Of
flee Richard s. Storrs. Phillips Brooks. John Jay,
Edward Everett Hale and Joseph II. Choate
He retained the presidency until his death. Last
year he gave to the fraternity $4,000 for the
foundation Of a scholarship. which was located
at Hamilton College. where exists It's oldest chap
ter. Mr.. Seward. few months before his
death commissioned J. Carroll Beckwith TO
paint a portrait OF himself herewith reproduced
which he presented to the Alpha Delta Phi Club
OF this city. 1t has only recently been finished
and WAS first exhibited few days ago at the
exhibition OF paintings given at the clubhouse,
No. IS West Thirty thrd-st.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26

a big dining saloon and meals like this one that
eating?"
MY goodness, no, Each man will have MS
own disses. and they will be fed just like steer
age passengers any ship"
mo roast duck like this, eh? Wei. nave
some more Of it yourself"
ooh, no; no more. thank you; ate too much
Of that beefsteak pie. and see there's some
plum duff coming No. don't think they will
get dinners quite like this
But isn't that pretty high price for Storage
passage for that little way up the coast from
San Francisco to Alaskan Where do you land
them. by the way?'
AT st. Michaels, and II isn't exactly SUCH
little way. It's two or three thousand miles
Look the map and you'll learn something
about the geography Of your country. Why'
the fare is $500 through to Dawson CITY"
well. well" said one OF the guests VINO han
not talked much hitherto. they are crazy men,
aren't they? But what | want to know IT, II
this ship was wrecked. and all this stun was
saved, what did she have aboard before she was
wrecked? Was she loaded down with pies and
fish and game and puddings and was that what
wrecked herr"
But now about this business OF taking people
to the Klondke. You are going to take them
from one American port to another. Don't you
have to have American register for your ship to
do thatT'
Yes and that Is what we are going TO have.
She Is q rcign-built ship. to be sure, but she
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26
A PORTRAIT or G. A. SEWARD.
THE PICTURE WHICH HANGS IN THE HOUSE
OF THE ALPHA DELTA PHI CLUB.


No man In NewYork belonged more emphati-
cally to the old school Of lawyers, which Justice
Edward Patterson says is passing away, than
Clarence A. Seward He born in this city
in 1923. and practised law here from 1854 until
his death, which occurred at his country home In
Geneva, N. Y, on July "a last. Both his in
hertance and personal character marked him
for a dignihed exponent Of the best traditions
Of the American bar whose name is to be men
toned with those OF John Jay. Ogden Hoffman,
Charles OConor and J. T. Brady. His profess
sional achievements were not paraded before the
public, but in his special lines he was recognized
by other lawyers their leader.
Mr.. Seward nephew OF William ii.
Seward, and was his foster-son After passing
his oyhoOd In Auburn in the home OF the states
man. ne was sent to Hobart College from which
he was graduated in 1SfS. He was admitted to
the bar in 1850 and became a partner Of Samuel
Blatchford, afterward Associate Justice Of the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26

has been wrecked on the American coast anu
by the time she IL ren,tcd we can snow ''"'
three fourths 81 her value has been spent TOT ~
pairs In an American port and that VIII "I'0"
her TO be entered an American vessel " ""'
ever 10 lost I'm "A wreck you know. they always
save kcg Of brandy. Have some III Tou'
concc7'
Thank you And where are you gong 10
get your crew.
I'm any sailors lodging house In san fran
cisco"
And how are you going 10 hold them 30 AZ 10
have them to come back with. when you get
to Alaskan
All that will be the trouble. | expect they
will all make "A break for the Klondike as soon
as they arrive and we shall have to fight to
keep n single one Of them"
We'll here's luck! No. no more coffee. Have
a lIghtT
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26
rs LUNACY CONTAGIOUSf
a light 2

Spencer CW. Va) correspondence OF The en-
cinnati CONGRATULATIONS
Miss Agnes Wells "A seamstress employed IN
the Insane asylum here. became insane to-day
and had To be placed under severe restraint
Miss Wells lives at Elizabeth Writ County, and
Is an estinabe woman. Her deranfem"nt ~
supposed to have come from constant association
with insane patients and worry over the pros
meet that she would lose her employment. AZ
she was an appointee OF the late Democratic
Administration.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26
WHAT SHE MEANT.

From Brooklyn Life
Tom-Did you give Miss Gotrox Christmas
present?
Jack-I tried to- offered her myself. you
know.
Tom-And she refused your
Jack-I suppose that's what II amounts to.
She said she didn't believe 1t was right for u
girl 70 accept very costly 9iftA
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26
MUCH AT STAKE.

From The Cincinnati Enquirer.
Excited Spectator-Tve seen a great many
football contests but this one Is the iercest and
most brutal | ever attended
Another Spectator-Why shouldn't II bet
Don't YOU know the terms OF the game? Tbs
losers have to get their hair cropped close
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26

Gated by subsequent events from Nationa!
point of view. And will it be in the case OF
Hawaii even more promptly and emphatically
than in those which have preceded it. Only
those who obstruct defeat this measure or
National prosperity and safety will have oc-
casion to apologize for or excuse their course in
the future.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26
THERE IS ALWAYS OPPOSITION.

From The Chicago Tribune.
There have been opponents OF every propo-
stion for the annexation Of territory from the
DAYS Of Thomas jefferson down; but who would
now dare to ask that thcs" acts be undoneE On
the contrary they have been invariably vindi-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-12-26
THE CHEERFUL IDIOTS CURRENCY PLAN.
ON The indianapolis Journal.


'"rhny seem to be having good deal OF trouble
in disposing OF the endless chain In the treas
ury" said the shoe clerk boarder
II wonder" murmurei the Cheerful Idiot,
"why they don't experiment with the bcvel
gear"
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07
SOUTHERN HEROINE.
How Brave Girl Saved Her
BROTHERS Horse from Capture.


During the late war many brave acts
were done by women that have not yet
been recorded. and the following brief
account OF what a brave girl did is not
the least among these acts:
There lived q family just across the
river from Port Republic whose son
belonged 10 the Confederate cavalry.
Just after tho battle at Cross Keys he
brought home his fine blooded horse and
took an old one in its stead. as much
fighting was close at hand. The sudden
and quick movement Of General Jackson
across the river left this family unex-
pectedly In the hands of the enemy
but a young lady Of the family, only
about is years OF ags. determined to
save her brothers fine horse from cap
ture. With that end in view she bridled
the horse, and led it around the house
which stood upon the high bluff of the
river. and concealed It in the corner
between the main building and the wing
of the house, and stood in front of 1t,
but she was soon accosted by a lieuten-
ant and ten or twelve Yankees, who de-
manded the surrender of the horse. This
she sternly refused to do and quickly
presented a pistol, declaring that she
"OUIb 1hSoI tAS Ii9b man tiiAt A"iU ii9
hand upon the horse. The lieutenant
ordered his men 10 rush upon her and
take the horse, but she stood firm, and
her eyes flashing defiance. she declared
that she would shoot the first man
who advanced toward her. The dozen
men hesitated TO move. The Lieutenant
swore loudly, and urged his men to rush
upon her, but not one dared TO run the
risk. Failing in his attempt to take
the horse by force, the Lieutenant told
her that II she would give him her pis-
tol, she might keep her horse, and he
would take his men back to camp. Know
ing how little faith could be placed in
a Yankee under the circumstances, she
hesitated TO comply with his request, but
feeling her strength giving way, and
hoping 10 gain some delay, she handed
him the pistol, which had no cap on
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07
A Born CarIcnturist.
(Boston Herald.)

The CZarina is a born caricaturist, q
most dangerous If most entertaining gilt
for any one, but for her exalted rank,
unless the ridicule be stingless. 1t is
said It IS one OF the sources Of amuse-
ment and delight for the very few who
are called and chosen, and this lovely
granddaughter of the Queens skiltui
pencil is bubbling over with wit ana
humor. Her Majesty possesses certain
albums which she has brought from
Darrnstadt and England, In (which per-
sons and personages have been emoalmed.
Some time ago the Gar. DESTROYS Of en-
joying little gallery OF his own courtiers,
eccentricites OF some OF whom would
inspire the least gifted draughtsman,
induced his wife to touch them of IN
solemn, silly stateliness. Many OF these
caricatures are exceedingly funny, but the
sketch that is best known makes fun
OF the Car himself IL was done at
the express request of his Majesty, ana
represents him as the LITTLE Father, "
as he is called by the Russian people.
He is a mere beared baby sitting In a
child's high chair and surrounded by
adoring grand dukes and duchesses, who
smilingly seek TO gain his good Will by
offering him sweetmeats and other pres
ents. But unlike child, he Will have
none Of them. That is the sketch which
everybody at court knows, but few are
acquainted with the key 10 the carica-
ture, and these few find II a very de-
lightful and merry one. Until Nicholas
III. ruled Russia life at court was the
dullest possible; now. IL his consort only
has her health, it will be the brightest
and pleasantest court in all Europe.
Already art and literature have gather
ed around their majesties. and the promise
Of something better than dozen i'm
posing court balls is like rainbow in the
cold northern sky.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07
memeer Of the confederatn vnternns. -.

. a.lloer OF the Confederate Veterans As
soelation Of Kentucky
~. '. 10y pe noticed that several regiments
49, .ne same number. This confusion ex-
49,, ,aSo1 almost throughout the war. There
49, 49, TWO Firth Kentucky infantry regi-
@ao,SS 'Or several years Finally II was
ro e~iuou 'hat "Cerro Gordo" Williams S
Tbs a,en was senior and then Colonel
1nouias Al. Hunts Fifth Kentucky be.
eaine the Ninth Kentucky Infantry, The
eafaiIy regiments were never entirely
eoIieetea' Colonies Chenault and Gano
caCh claimed TO be the Seventh Kentucky
coeaiiy' out this was awarded to Colonel
1,SS-IO' ana colonel Chenaults became the
Eleventh Kentucky Cavalry.
as AZ was difficult to recruit the Ken
.uehy regiments, and as their ranks were
enllineu out at every fight. many conpa-
mes ana regiments were consolidated. ard
When the war ended there were not more
thah Two fun regiments Of infantry and
SIX regiments OF cavalry remaining.
AS 10 the entire number OF men enlisted
~ Woula be about 25,20i OF whom 1902 were
infantry, 1920 cavalry, and 3l2 artillery.
Inc regulations which were not always
complied with, required that a company
should nave seVenty-eight men, including
commissioned and on-commissioned
oihcers. This would make the nine regl-
ments and three battalions of infantry
lbS2 men, and the eighteen regiments and
thirteen battalions OF cavalry 17.2OO men;
me -FOUR artillery companies, 3l2 men,
The body guards. escorts. scouts. signal
corps etc. were largely composed Of men
taken from the aforementioned COM
mands.
Among those who fought their way up
were The following generals:
y. ID. Buckner. Northumberland
j. q. Bwepkiurf1pa ma fov-c-apovoT
George b. Crittenden, major-general.
William Preston, major-general
Charies W. Fields. major-general.
NuslaVus w. Smith, major general.
Ben. Hardin Helm, brigadier-generaL
A. Buford. brigader-general.
Basil w. Duke, brgadier-general
y. ). Williams. brigadier-general.
Lloyd Tilghman, brigader-general.
George y. Cosby, brigadier-general
j. NJ. Halves. brigadier-general
Roger w. Hanson, brigadier-general.
George j. Hodge, brigadier- general.
Joseph II. Lewis brlgadier-general.
Henry y. Lyon, brigadier-general
Humphrey Marshall. brigadier-general
John II. Morgan. brlgadier-general.
Ihomas H. Taylor. brigadier-general
henry l.. Giltner, brigadier-general
Richard NJ. GanO brigadier-generaI.
In addition to these twenty-five gene
Idls, kentucky furnished many more,
such as General Albert Sidney Johnston.
General John b. Hood, 10. O. Shelby. and
others in commands from various States.
Not few noted men were killed in the
ranks. Governor George W. Johnson
fought. carrying a gun In a company as
a private soldier till he was fatally
wounded In the second days fight at
Shiloh April g. 1862
The estimate here given does not in
clude recruits that were enlisted from
time to time during the war to iii up in
part the depleted ranks Of the various
organizations. The number Of these was
considerable, but cannot be definitely
stated.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07
Use the Only Spring Remedy in the World
That Has Stood Every Test of Time.
PAINE'S CELERY COMPOUND makes ONE WELL.

has there ever been remedy that was
welcomed in so many intelligent. pru-
dent homes. where pains is taken TO get
only the best in so vital matter. In
such families all over the country Paine's
celery compound is the nrst, last, and
only remedy used.
Professor Phelps had studied tho nerves
in health and disease, when well-nour-
ished and when under-nourished. In men
and women and children, years before
he looked for the remedy. Paine's celery
compound is the outcome OF his entire
professional life. IL is the one remedy
that the world could not lose to-day at
any price.
Paine's celery compound induces the
body to take on solid flesh.
Physicians recognize Paine's celery COM
pound as the one scientific spring remedy,
and II is universally prescribed by them
wherever there is great need OF vigor-
Gus and prompt restoring OF health and
strength TO the WORKOUT system.
Paine's celery compound Is the best
spring remedy because It is more than
a mere spring remedy: 1t brings about
a healthy appetite, complete digestion.
regular action of the bowels. and the
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07

Boston, st. Louis, and two or three other
large cities, the leading newspapers,
making their own canvasses again this
year. have found that the demand for
Paine's celery compound surpasses that
OF all other remedies togetherl
Paine's celery compound, taken during
the early spring days, has even more
than its usual remarkable efficacy In
making people well. II makes short
work OF disease. 1t rapidly drives out
neuralgia, sleeplessness, dyspepsia. and
rheumatism from the system 1t re-
moves that lassituGe, or tired feeling"
which betokens weakened nerves and
poor blood.
Women working in close offices, sales
women tired out and nervous from long
hours standing on their feet, and wait
ing on impatient, irritating customers;
overworked, worried, and disheartened
men and women everywhere VIII be
estonishod TO find how much happier
life becomes when their nerves have
been strengthened and their blood puri-
fed by means Of this great remedy.
No other remedy has the hearty APP
proval Of a like body Of educated men
and women and professional men, nor
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07

other excrctory ORGANS whenever taken.
whether In summer or winter: but. ~
the greatest Of spring remedies, It has
extraordinary opportunities for inducing
the body to throw on morbid humors
that poison It. and cause rheumatism,
neuralgia, heart trouble, and general
low state OF the health as in spring tho
system Is more pliable, and chronic dis
eases, so securely lodged In the system
that they are with difficulty BUSTED. be-
come more tractable.
Thousands OF men and women have
found from personal experience that
Paines celery compound makes people
well. and keeps all from sickness who
take II in the spring.
Many a father and mother have no.
ticed the unmistakable Improvement I'm
the health OF their children from taking
Paine's celery compound in tho spring.
II is the one scientifically accurate RENE
dy, fitted by its composition TO tho
roughly purify the blood and dispei that
exhausted feeling, and get rid OF skin
diseases, headaches. and fits Of depres-
sion with which children with weak
nervous systems. as well as grown peo-
pic, are afflicted.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07

furnish sufficient energy to the digestive
organs.
No remedy I'm the world accompllshes
these results like Palne's celery COM
pound 1t nourishes, regulates. and In
vigorates the entire nervous system, from
the brain to tho minutest nerve filament.
1t causes an increased appetite, and
tones up the stomach 10 deal with the
increased food. Its nourishng action Is
Immediately manifest an clearing-up
Of the muddy, unhealthy skin; an In
crease IN weight ard more refreshing
sleep.
First discovered after laborious, sci
entihc research by the ablest physician
America has produce1-Professor Edward
y. Phelps. VI. D.. Ii D., Of Dartmouth
College--it is prescribed and publicly en-
dorsed by the best practitioners in every
city of America. 1t has been so en-
Enthusiastically recommended by grateful
men and women I'm every walk OF life
that II is to-day in every sense the most
popular remedy the world ever knew.
II has proved itself the greatest Of all
spring medicines.
IN New York. Chicago, Philadelphia,
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07

the tube. fact she had concealed by
keeping her thumb on the tube. You
may imagine how that Lieutenant cursed
his men as towards when he discovered
that they had all been held at bay by a
girl with a useless pistol In her hand.
In disgust, he ordered his men back to
camp, and as soon as they were out
Of sight she led the horse down to the
ford and into the water. and, wading
I'm herself, she led the horse UP the
stream some distance. and there she held
him in a drenching rain, and there she
remained until the Yankees left the
nelghborhood. The Lieutenant went back
to camp, as he had promised, but soon
returned to take away the horse. and
searched the premises for it. He failed
to find the object of his search, or its
brave defender.
She returned TO the house tired, hun
cry. and wet, but proud Of her achieve
ment in saving her brothers noble ami
NAL.
The lady's name has escaped the
memory Of the writer, but he would Ike
to have it to treasure Il among his memo
ries OF the late war.
Box 15l. Shepherdstown w Va.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07

although you have suffered for long
time from malaria. dyspepsia, kidney
trouble. nervousness. or biliousness. Know
cured worse cases than yours, and Is
potent to help you as II has holped hosts
OF others But always remember that
trlte saylng--"Delays are dangerous"
Mole-hiils grow to be mountains in conse-
quence OF disregarding II. Check disease
at the outset with this incompatible de-
fenslye medicine.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07

In March. April, and May use Paine's
celery compound.
And only Paine's celery compound For
II is natures remedy
DO not for a moment confound Il with
any Of the ignorant. catchpenny, short
lived patent remedies - sarsaparillas.
nervines. and tonics that bear as much
resemblance to Paine's celery compound
as the parasite vines DO to the oaks that
they live on.
Paine's celery compound cures disease.
1t makes people we'll 1t has saved the
lives Of thousands Of sufferers. It makes
the weak strong.
1t purifes the blood and enrlches the
nerves.
Every condition OF winter-life has been
detrimental TO health. There has been
"A steady decline In nervous vigor Now
that spring comes. the body is ready 10
cast of unhealthy tissues, II II Is only
given a chance. This opportunity comes
when the excretory organs-Sidneys.
skin, and bowe,s-are made to work
actively, and the nerves are able 10
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07
INSURANCE. STATEMENT.

INSURANCE STATEMENT
PUBLIC ACCOUNTS rH STAT. OF oimLl
Il ORTHWEsTEBN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.
NNUA1 STATEMENT FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING
WESTERN MUTUAL LIFE-NsURANCB UNDER
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA.
VIRGINIA
Company FuNoRTHwTSTERN MUTUAL LIFE INsU-
/.
w.
Virginia..
Residence
OF rat
Commenced Busness-NOVEMBEI. 1863
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-03-07
KENTUCKY TROOPS.
he Blue Grass State and The COnIed-
crate Regiments and BattaliOnS.
THE GREAT DIFFICULTY EXPERI-
TNCED N RECRUITING THEM.
4 LIST OF PROMINENT OFFICERS.

A southern Hcroiuc-How She Saved
Her Brothers Horsc-DeGcd the
Enemy 'Tittlc Lieutenant,
FricH. 4 story Mostly True.
New-York tribune., 1897-12-19
INDIANS BLAMED FOX I'M '"N'|"
rrpmEN WHILE HUNTING. DECIDED TO FIGHT
THE "HvCKsKIN POLICE

prpyEN WHILE HUNTING DECIDED TO FIGHT
THE "fu'CKSKIN POLICE
Dopy.r Dec Sd 6 Beaman. Joshua Wal
b,idge and Charles r. webb constituting the com
,nittee appointed by Governor Adams 10 in'"su-
gate the recent Indian troubles IN th" vicinity OF
Iuv Park filed their report with the Governor ms
afternoon The report T. almost compl"i" VIM
dic.tion Of the game wardens. "nd shows ih't IN"
Indians were alon. responsible" for IN" bloody con-
ri.t In Voit last month IN which several OF th"lr
number were Killed.
The finding Of the committee l. that the lnd''hs
were IN. aggres.ors The Indians. who. accord
ing 10 the testimony. had been SiaughirrlnS s"'n'
,ror,lscuously for several weeks. heard ihdt '''
v.rdens were looking for th'm. a"d at "n''
dropp-d their game and proceeded after ia" war
d.rs They told the settlers mat they "an''d 10
upht the "buckskn police.
,rhe report SAYS In substance that bad rot NN-
dor, Wilcox and his dcputics assembled at lh"niP-
.or,s ranch during the nieht previous 30 ~. hEh'
md droup,d down III the camp ihe next jay 4
r,rc me irdlanS awar" OF thclr p'stH'r "
,,.rd.ns would have met WIN disaster Al W.
bands Of the t'tcs, and tn story "t me '"''.t
,.niid have been that the whites lns'rdu o. t'c
trIi,ns would nave bcci. Killed. Ntru"n N"',,A
nd me men under him NJ" conih'hu'u W ''t
,a,ort for their bravery and the manner IN "h''n
,hry protected IN, rights of the settlers ana "P'
the laws and dignity Of the state