davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
A NAY snow STORM.
The Beautiful" Fell All Over This
Section Yesterday.
On Marshall County Hills 1t was
Two Inches Deep-Very Little
Damage to Vegetation-A Frost
Predicted, which Would Work
More Damage-A Miserable Sun
daV.
A snow storm in May

A snow storm i'm May
This is the decidedly unusual atmos-
pberic phenomenon which visited this sec
ucl yesterday morning, dampcning the
ardor of those who had contemplated
spending the day at one Of the parks
causing ladies to bring out their winter
wraps keeping pedestrians from the slushy
streets. and playing havoc win the hopes
and ambitions of the juvenile ball player.
1t was cold Saturday night, and some
time after midnight rain began 10 1aIL
About four o'clock ii changed to sleet ana
then TO snow. continuing for several hours.
The fall of snow was mixed with rain and
ulade the streets slushy and disasreeable.
while the atmosphere was raw. IL affect
ed the attendance at the churches aud kept
most persons indoors during the day.
The weather report. taken by Observer
Schnepf. shows the following temperature
during the day: q. m, Al; u. m, AZ;
noon. 10; 3 p. m, 80; I p. m, IS. 1t was pre-
dicted that the temperature would con-
tinue to drop and that frost was probable.
The Sky was cloudy during the night. how
ever. and while the weather will be sut-
dcienty cold, this fact VIII lessen the dan
ger of frost. \ frost at this time would do
considerable injury to the growing crops.
The snow fall in the city was NOT heavy
and the snow melted as rapidly as ii fell
The slope of Chapline hill and the hill in
the rear of Reymanns brewery We're COW
cred. however. and in the interior of the
county the hills and vegetation were COW
eled. but farmers do not think that much
DANA o. was done A dairvman living out
Boggs Run stated that the hills in his
neighborhood were coversu with snow to
the depth of two inches.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
PAY WITHHELD AGAIN.

Henry Frohme. the Hook and Ladder Fire
man, Is Again Refused His Monthly
salary.
Last Friday was the monthly pay day
for the fire department and all the
members received their monthly allow
ances except Henry Frohme, Of the
Hook and Ladder. Mr. Frohmes pay
was again withheld for narrow partisan
reasons. and for the purpose Of trying
to drive him out OF the ire department.
As they are unable to get him out by
fair methods, by bringing charges OF
negligence or incompetency against
him. his enemies have resorted 10 the
scheme of Gefrauding him out OF MS
COMPENSATION. Mr.. Frohme has decid-
ed to demand his salary, and if it IS not
forthcoming will soon secure it by legal
acton.
He has now two months salary COM
ing 10 him.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
THE PLAIN TRUTH IS FINALLY
AtKNONVIE EDGED.

They are ringing in our ears yet,
those resounding promises of the "ad-
vance agent of prosperity and his help
ers i'm the last campaign. With the tn
umph of high protection and sound
money" as the gold standard was
called. AN our mills and factories we're
to start up instantly and wages were
TO go bounding upward following the
increased activity in all branches OF
production. Another efficient represen-
ton. or Misrepresentation, was that if
BRYAN were elected creditors would
toreclose their MORTGAGES and all debt
OTIS would be forced into bankruptcy.
On the other hand. it was promised that
if Mckinley were elected confidence
would be restored at oase and money
would flow through the channels Of
trade ia plenty. As Co. Poorman, IN
his Beuaire Tribune. puts it:
These two claims presented with the
ps5.inac.ty OF belief were more Effective IN
.
sure triumph of the cause OF olmeia.l'Sn
uu 90 within ten days OF lle election, INTO
a victory for protection and the 30 d stand
ttd. th8u AN other arg uments ana lntiu-
euees. including the uuprcceutu>,d corrup-
zion fund combined. Mill aud factory
men railroad .mploves aud .aootets sen
orally ny the thousands were Influenced
" AIN week of the election hN th- sl--
claI assurance OF men IN whom they had
confidence tina, il Bryan was elected mus
Mould c.l-e and railroads would Ql>cu0lSs
oy cut The WAGES Of Employees. while u Nc
Eiu'ey was elected mills would run and
wages would so up, and upon these repre-
seUtattcc- abandoned Bryan ana voted Tor
tkiu'ey. Debtors were covra.led IN the
back rooms Of b8rkiuE Institutions and al
chiefly homes Boy money lenders aud toid that
% Bryan was elected thCy would DE refused
further credit ard have 10 80 into bank
rup-cy. Bcyau. by these very representa-
ions was defeated buj che fore closure o.
u.ortg8ges and the bankruptcy business
has gone on 3i he same. and is limited
ulN only because ON declining values
there are no bidders for property.
OF course. IL was perfectly clear to
every one who thought. that it would
not be long until the deceived aud
cheated people would discover the braz-
en- fraud that had been practiced upon
them-but, then, safely entrenched in
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
They WERE MARRIED.
The Ex-Mayor OF Trenton and His New
wife Make statement

Tho Ex-Mayor OF Trenton and His New
wife Make a statement
TRENTON, n. j.. May 2.-EX-Mayor
Frank A. Mcgowan. who made his APP
pearance in Trenton last night with Mrs.
Barnes and installed her in the mansion
adjoining that occupied by his former
wife, gave out statement tonight that
he and Mrs. Barnes were married sec
ond time on December nth last, in Cam
den, y. j.. He said the marriage was per-
formed by Justice of the Peace Evans.
Mrs Barnes tonight showed the marriage
certificate and certified copy of the re-
port Of the marriage sent to City Clerk
Varney by Justice Evans. This second
marriage was for the purpose of overcom-
ing any possibility of the Milwaukee mar
rage being declared invalid because
neither had been divorced for six months
or over.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
NOT YET INFESTED.

CHICAGO. May 2.-The officials of the
Globe Savings Bank. against whom in
dictments were returned last night. were
not arrested to-day. When the indict-
ments were returned It was too late TO is
sue capiases for the arrest of the men. and
they were permitted to remain at liberty.
The capiases will probably be issued to-
morrow unless the indicted officials appear
voluntarily and give bail.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
"TFNNEsSEE CENTENNIAL ~

"TFNNEsSEE CENTENNIAL AND
INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION
AT NASHVILLE, TENN, MAY 1ST
TO OCT. 31ST. 81.
For the above Exposition, the B. & o.
will sell excursion tickets from May
1st to Oct. 18th, both season and 2O-day
round trip tickets, at reduced rates, ana
on Tuesdays and Thursdays OF each
week until Oct. Goth, will sell ten-day
round trip tickets at greatly reduced
rates. For rates. limits, etc, apply to
B. &, O. ticket agents.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

SECOND PAGE.
For Rent-FUrnished Rooms
FOURTH PAGE.
wanted-Cooll-
Uarted-News Agents.
vquted-Partrer.
s.o,Ero,dsrs' Neeting-Fire & Marine
Insurance Company.
Auction sale Of Wheeling Park Lots.
Wauted-Partuer.
Rirht I'M Hand-OK8ne & Co.
FIFTH PAGE.
Great Fire S7T-The Leader.
Srecial This Week-She Bros.
shoes for one Do.lar-AleNauder.
SIXTH PAGE.
Kraus' Ko.-0ct * othing-kraus BROS.
EIGHTH PAGE.
Flegant New Dispiay-Geo. L. Stitel q
Co.
summer Uuderwear-Geo. r. Taylor
Company.
CARPET Deparrmeut-Stoue & Thomas.
Fancy Sik--Lou Swabacker.
T.-dyyfc Pianos-F. w. Banner CO.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
WHEELING TURNER'S WILL GO TO
ST LOUIS OVER THE B. & O.

The Turner's of Wheeling have ar
ranged to attend the National Turner
bund to be held in st. Louis May 9Th
to nth. and will leave over the B. &, O..
at 11:40 p. m. Tuesday, May 4th. Fare
for the round trip will be 81 %, and
the tickets will be valid returning until
Nay 18th. inclusive. An extension of
limit until May 18th can be had on
payment of fee of S1.O0. 1t is expect
ed that many friends of the Turner's
will go with them.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

Is the advance in the wages OF the
employees Of that little one-horse rail
road out in Ohio part Of the Hanna
boom? The Ohio business mems or
SANITATION viii have to shell out more
literally than that if they expect 10
swing Ohio for Hanna next year.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

New Jersey has Joined the states nav
Ing auti-rainoad ticket scalping laws
the list now comprising New Jersey
PENNSYLVANIA. Indiana, Illinois, Mime
sofa. North Dakota, Montana and
Texas. The legislature of New York
has also passed an anti-ticket sca'ping
bill which is now in the hands the
Governor. 1t is thought that his favor
able action will have a strong effect on
the subcommittee of the U. 5. Senate
which is now considering a bill to stop
scalping on all Interstate railroads.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

It takes close watching these days
to- keep the weather man on the right
track. He Will absent-mindedly mon
key with the blizzard lever.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

Chicago has a new paper devoted to
the promotion of personal morality.
There IS a journal with nice large field
right at hand.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

While the rest Of the world has its
back turned watching the war in the
Levant Spain is endeavoring to work
in r,f1rm gold brick on Cuba.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
APIoNEER CITIZEN.

CLEVELAND, O.. May miller NJ
spang,er. one of the pioneers Of Clevennd'
died to-day at the age Of 81. He was one
of the first chiefs of the volunteer ilfe de-
partment and was for two terms shefl'l
Of the county. lie was the head OF the
house Of NJ. NJ. Spangler & CO.. masters
and was the owner Of much valuable real
estate.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

The prarug of certain goldbug leaders
about national honor" las tendency
TO bring a phrase that should be sacred
into disrepute.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

Snow on the I'd of May is not unpre-
cedented. but il is decidedly uncomiort-
able ana altogether out of place.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

Those twenty despicable wretches
who set upon two defeuseless women at
Weston and nearly killed them by ap-
plying a coat of hot tar to their naked
bodies. may think they are men, but
taey are sadly mistaken. They lack
the faintest trace of manhood, and II
caueht they should he stripped as they
strf ned thair frail victims and fogged
Within an inch Of their lives like the
ours they are.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
WANTED.

WANTED-Cook. Apply SIS Main street.
my2duer
WANTED-A few good agents to take or
GERS for portraits. etc. Call 80 Gu 'ln'
street.
WANTED-Saveral men or women to. IN
troducs q speciality 10 consumers 3Lu ~
be energetic and good takers. SaldrE,-
Call nj once. j. II. RuttVr oldlnlh Hull
ry3q
WANTFD-Two young men to run as
news agents on railroad trains; Must my nv
SO cash security. Apply or ADDRESS Union
News Co. once 3. 4 O. Depot, Nheeiin.s'
W. Va. NY -1'-''
WANTED-To borrow five thousand dol
lars for . 10 years. secured ~ nrst mort
gage on farm within miles OF Bellalre o.
and easily worth ten thousand dollars.
Address Box 2,6, Bellaire, .. apZedh
WANTED-Partner with $40 cash for o.
business with profits OF 500 per week. Nd
dress NJ. Z. uly-iq-
WANTED-Partner with $500 spot cash
for business yielding heavy cash nro.-s 20
Address +. y. inl-iq'I
WANTED-Owners Of Lawns, Parks and
Cemetery Lots TO know that May Is the
hes, month to plant Evergr lus. ana We
will furnish Irish Jumpers. Golden 81
berian. Tom Thumb and American Arb)r
Vitaes. 10 feet at s. for ~. S. for ~ ana
500 for 100. Send early orders. ONO
VALLEY NURSERIES,, MoundsViAe " .
Va. my
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
Right......
In Hand.
O'KANE & CO.,
liz MAIN STREET. .-.-.-.--
GENERAL NOTC.

Office Of the Monroe OF
incorporated under the ia"
of West Virginia.
Notice Is hers by given at
stockholders Of the company
this office OH the sixth ta
resolution VIII Doe presence
the number oi shares of
fifty thousand shares Of
5000 each. CHAS. NLl'Ai-.
APPLICANT
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03
WbeeIjn9 3e9i8ter
CHARLES Il. TANEY, GeneraI Manager

The REGISTER. embracing its several
editions. is entered at the Pos,olhce In
Wheeling. w. Va. rs second-c-aSs matter.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

Nearly 1000 Irish girls described as
well dressed and beautiful were landed
fin New York the other day, all Of
whom have situations in view in yari-
Gus cities throughout the country. Ten
thousand more of the same bright
eyed coueens. it is said, viii be sent
along later to preside as queens over
the destinies Of the American kitchen.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

And now they are also considering
the advisabHiy Of screwing up the in
ternaI taxes on whisky, beer and to-
bacco. which would mean a poorer quail
ity of whisky. beer and tobacco for the
same price. Tea and coffee. it is also
limited will come in for share of in
creased taxation. All Of which will be
2 mark of the Republican party's love
for the poor man.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

WANTED-A few good agents to take or
GERS for portraits. etc. Call 80 Gu 'ln'
any 49,
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

TANTED-cook. Apply SIS Main STREET
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1897-05-03

WANTED-Partner with $500 spot cash
for business yielding heavy cash profits.
Address Il my2lqtr
The daily herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1892-1897, 1897-06-02
Historic Trees In Ncw York.

On West One Hundred and Fifty
ninth street and st. Nicholas avenue,
Washington Heights, stand a number of
remarkable trees. They were formerly
the grounds surrounding the old Jumel
mansion, which is how known as Earle
Cliff. They are Egyptian cypress, and
have history, like everything pertain
ing TO this remarkable mansion and It's
grounds. They ware sent as a present TO
Napoleon Bonaparte from the sultan of
Egypt as a gift o; honor, but arrived IN
Kavre. France, after the battle of Wa
terloo. Stephen Jumel, who was IL
France at the time, and personal
friend of Napoleon, succeeded III gain
ing an audience with the emperor the
night before he was banished to the Is
land Of st. Helena Napoleon presented
these trees to Julnel, who brought them
TO America Oh the clipper ship Eliza,
which he had chartered with the hope
of aiding Napoleon TO escape To this
country. These trees, when brought
here, had their native earth still cling
ing to their roots They were planted
as described above, where they flourish
ed and grew TO a large size, spreading
out their peculiar branches wide over
their adopted sofia mute reminder OF
the decay OF empires as well as people
New York Times.
The daily herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1892-1897, 1897-06-02

For eighteen months have been well. Al
though - years of age 1 can so where wish
and sleep all night and wake up as cheer
ful as a babe and completely rested
DR.. Miles Remedies are sold by all drug
gists under positive guarantee, first bottle
benefits or money refunded. Book On Heart
and Nerves sent free to all applicants.
DR.. MILES MEnTrAr - EIkhart. Ind.
The daily herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1892-1897, 1897-06-02

others and a number
OF remedies. spending
q large amount OF
money. but finally be-
came so bad that it was
unsafe for me to leave
home. I commenced
using DR.. Miles Heart
Cure two years ago.
The daily herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1892-1897, 1897-06-02
LINCOLN'S DEED
AND BOND.
Papers Discovered Which
Shows His Devotion to
His Parents.

Chicago, ILL.,, May 2S.-Par-
sons & TAFT, who handle farm
mortgages, came into posses
sion yesterday Of a collection
of papers that includes a deed
to Abraham Lincoln from his
father and mother, and another
deed. or a bond for a deed,
from Abraham Lincoln to John
d. Johnson. The land trans
ferred was the homestead of
Thomas Lincoln, a tract of
forty acres, in Coles County,
I'll.
The transactions took place
IN 1871. In that year Lincoln s
father, Thomas, then an old
man, lived on the Coles Coun
ty farm, and was in poor cir
eumstances. The son came to
his fathers assistance and
bought the old farm. He paid
down 5000 in cash, and gave
she parents the use of the
place. Abraham Lincoln, in
the same year the property
was conveyed to him. made a
contract TO sell the farm to
John D.. Johnson for $500 when
the life estate Of both Thomas
and Sarah Lincoln should be
extinguished.
Johnson did not long retain
his equity in the property.
Thomas Lincoln died shortly
after. Mrs. Lincoln did not
want to leave the farm, and
Johnson was not in a situation
70 take care of her, 50 he
transferred his bond to John ].
Hall. a relative of the Lincolns
who moved with his wife to the
lincoln homestead aud took
care OF the old lady until her
death Fer some reason Hall
seems never TO have called on
Abraham Lincoln to execute
the deed ard cancel the bond
There must have been some
tacit arrangement between
then. for his right to the pos
session was never questioned.
He had doubtless fulfilled his
obligation to the mother OF
Lincoln.
Oh newspapers for sale at
The daily herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1892-1897, 1897-06-02

EW cart DISEASE is durable. For over
"a forty years." writes Daniel Myers OF
Two Tavefns. Pa, on Aug. 10. 1896.
II suffered with heart disease. First slight
palpitation, gradually growing worse. Then
shortness of breath. sleeplessness. smother
ing sensations and much pain il the region
Of the heart alarmed nee and I consulted
physician. Receiving no benefit tried
The daily herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1892-1897, 1897-06-02

HOUSEHOLD WORDS"
Lemme be.
DIN tha. collar button!
Did any body see my haIl
Now | lay me down 10 sleep.
Say, John, amt you boys up
yet!
Oh, mamma, Willie's pinch
ing me.
Who the duce carried off that
paperG
Oh, mamma, make Dick quit
calling me names.
Yes, dear. SO will do, out
SIS would be better.
Where's that half dollar /
gave you last week.
Dent forget to order a load
of wood sent up right away.
Come on to your dinner be
fore everything gets cold.
Good gracious, how much
money do you want, anyway?
Come, now, its time for you
young ones TO be in bed.
Ohm sorry, mem, but Olll
have to be afther lawn yeZ,
the day, mem.
No, shan't have any young
men coming 10 see you until
you are out IF school. So there.
But, my dearsh, you sh'
know [ had an engashmPnt at
tn office till sho late | COUNT
possible come.-X.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1897-12-16
Cnattel Mortgages.
Aged 10. Sixth grade.

State Printer Whitney, in the Marshal
Messenger: u wish to call attention to-
an enactment by the legislature, CON
corning the satisfaction of chattel mort
cages when paid. The holder Of a chat
tel mortgage, when the same has been
paid, is required by the law to make
out and file with the town clerk or viii
lage recorder at his own expense, a sat-
isfaction of such mortgage, and in ad-
dition give the mortgagor a separate
receipt in full for the payment of the
same. In case of failure to do this
within 80 days after the mortgage is
paid, the holder of the mortgage is
liable for damages to the mortgagor,
or any person owning the property
or any person having lien on the
property, in treble the amount of dam
ages sustained by reason of the failure
of the mortgagee to file such satisfae-
ton. I understand the requirements of
this new law are not given attention in
ALL cases.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1897-12-16

rated us into kernels which the farmer
put into the granary. In a few days
he took us to the mill where we were
made into flour.
On every barrel was printed '"The
Best" was then put into the train
and sent to Duluth where was put n
a whale-back steamer and sent through
Lake Superior, Lake Huron, ST. Clair
River, st. Clair Lake, Detroit River,
to Buffalo where was put in an eleva-
tor and in three weeks we were loaded
on canal-boat and sent through Eric
canal to Albany. 1 was then: sent down
the Hudson River to New York City
where I was put on an ocean steamer
and sent across the Atlantic ocean to
to Liverpool. [ was then sold to d
man and his wife made me into a loaf
of bread. l am now in a bread-box..
This is the end of my life.
HATTIE HEDIN.
Aged 10. Sixth grade.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1897-12-16
Wednesday, Dec. Is.

The national heard of trade is in ses-
sion at Washington.
Professor Arthur Palmer, IL. D., of
Trinity college, Dublin, is dead.
The transportation companies have
agreed upon passenger rate Of $500
from San Francisco to Dawson City.
One man was killed and several per-
sons seriously injured in a collision on
the Panhandle road near Logansport,
Ind.
The senate committee on public lands
has appointed Senators Carter, Nc
Bride and Nc Emery as subcommittee
to draw up land legislation for Alaska.
Dan Stuart and w. H. Brady held a
conference at New York regarding the
possibilities of a observation-disclosures
meeting. Brady objected to the use OF
the veriscope should contest be ar
ranged, 50 nothing was accomplished.
A Madrid dispatch says the minister
of marine, Admiral Bermejo, is paying
urgent attention to the improvement of
the Spanish navy. 1t is announced that
General Azcarraga, the late premier,
and former minister of war, is to retire
definitely from politics.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1897-12-16
For Grandma-Suitu underwear, box

For Grandma-Suit underwear, box
of hosiery, umbrella, apron, pair OF
gloves, pair of mittens, pair of wrister,
pair of felt slippers, pair of CATERS,
shopping bag, cup and saucer, toilet
set, oil painting, set of books, reading
glass, writingtablet, box offine paper,
gold halrpin, atomizer, books.
For Grandpa-Memorandum book,
reading glass, diary or calendar, set
of books, china pipe tray, jack-knife,
shaving brush or mug, mirror, cup and
saucer, umbrella, cane, razor strap,
pocketbook, pair of slippers, suit OF
underwear box of socks, warm muffier,
neckties, pair of warm gloves, set of
cuff buttons box of collars.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1897-12-16
EXILES MAY RETURN.
General Blanco Says He Will Guarantee
Their Safety in Cuba.

General BlancO Says He Will Guarantee
Their Safety in Cuba.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 16.-The follow
ing has been received by the Spanish
legation in this city from General
Blanco in Havana:
''In addition to my cablegram of Nov.
~, now add that your exceliency can
authorize consuls to issue passports for
this island to all persons having emil
grated who solicit them, without any
exception save in cases of common crime.
This applies to all political emigrants,
both those who have emigrated volunta-
rily and those who consider themselves
obliged to remain in exile for any
purely political motive, reason, cause
or act. In both cases your excel.ency
can assure them that in this isl and
their personal safety, their families and
their estates will be guaranteed with
the efficacy with which the government
today protects and aids those who
obey the laws"