New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-03-04

times IN webster's expoundins OF the Constitu-
ton and defence Of the Union, and the OLD Anu
Federalism OF jefferson lived again In the a's-
anionism of Hayne and the nuiiincauon Vi
Calhoun. The Hamitonian institutes Oh va
,,ora, srsrc. were stricken down by Jackson a
Democratic President. and replaced py wiz cat
state banks and "red dog shinplaster currency
The third great Federalist principle, Protection,
found i,s most eloquent advocate In the WING
statesman. Henry Clay. and It's fuller oeVeioP-
nent in his American system
In those days. too, some other out cosha'e
issues came 10 the fore. The ultimate soiuton
:, The slavery question was seen to be inextri-
cahlv hound UP with that Of Nationality. II TINS
,r.s - remain a Nation. 1t must in time be either
ALL slave or all free. The disposal or the puohc
domain. the great Western Territories. was also
dependent upon the same principle. SO were the
extension Of schools. the achievement or the en-
courarement OF great public works roads rail-
roads and canals. And upon all these. as we
sbau Geo nv reference to the record. there was a
oa,eraJ marty division identical with that upon
The fundamental principles. The Wings MAN.
,eined the authority Of the Nation over the pub
lie domain and it's right and duty TO promote
beneAcent undertakings. while the Democrats,
can1oring for the strict construction OF the Con-
stltution. unalterably opposed them.
The results are marked upon American history
N characters no lapse OF time can ever obliterate
r,verv advancement Of Wing principles made for
rrosnerity and progress Every reversal OF them
nv the Democrats brought ruin and disaster Inc
second quarter OF the century saw panic AFTER
manic precipitated by Democratic meddling with
the currency or with the tariff. and good tunes
restored by the readoption Of the system which
the Constitution.
REPUBLICANS AND DEMOCRATS.
The third chapter OF the record lies WITHIN the
memory Of men now living. but is none the less
IN need Of the detailed rehearsal our pages else
7rbere afford For II is indeed Of the history OF
.,a,- own times of the generation that lies be-
,uaen the works OF standard history and the
,eusnsners Of the day, that men are after all
,oas. mindful. The dissolution Of the Wing party
- ,bA formation Of the present Republican
,a-,v n It's place were effected at one OF the
ms. rnorentous times in the whole career OF
tba Nation The issues and the deeds OF tnat
go ora we'll remembered. The origin Of them
- ,ne,r relation TO what went before and TO
,rhat has followed must not be overlooked.
rb. Wing party formed the connecting link
h..u,ean the Federalists Of Washington's time
and the Republicans Of to-day The direct per-
sonal connection. especially between wings ana
Republicans is not always evident. All wings
cid not become Republicans, nor were all ke-
publicans formerly Wings. But party contihu-
49,, rss,des not so much In men as in principles
A marty may have wholly new leaders and wholly
new rank and file three times day. and yet II
,+s rr,ncirles remain unchanged, be always the
sa-ra Marty And the same leaders and the same
.ouovyers may stand together year after year.
end vet by changing principles, be dlfterent
Marty three times day. SO far as personal COM
nosition was concerned, indeed the Republican
Marty was very largely the successor OF the Whls'
This appears partly in the record OF conspicuous
Wing leaders who became Republicans, and part
" in the degree TO which the Democratic party
remained intact. If. in the second quarter OF the
century the Nation was divided between wings
and Democrats and in the third quarter between
Republicans and Democrats and the Democratic
party remained substantially unchanged it is
evident that the Wing party was very largely
transformed into the Republican.
But principles before men. We have seen that
the fundamental principles OF the Federalists
uerA inherited by the Wings. Equally clear is 1t
that they were passed on from the Wings TO the
Renublicans The principle OF National au-
thoritv was the very one for which Lincoln and
Seward strove, and Grant and Sherman fought
and Conkling and Blaine spoke with convincing
eloouence Webster's historic Liberty and IN
ION now and forever, one and inseparaole'- 1ouno
vital renascence in the war cry or leol, Inc
Union il must be and shall be preserved So on
the other hand the Anti-Federalism OF JEFFERSON
and Calhoun was repeated in Pierce's talk about
The League of States" and in Jefferson Davlss
violent attempt 10 dissolve that league ana
p,cbanan,s protestation OF the inability OF the
Federal Government TO enforce It's own laws,
bv military power If need be. the direct pre-
,rda m the reasonable instruction OF Debs and
,bo an,iEAderal Nominations Of Altgeld. Again
che v,bio scheme of finance found its continuance
l., rarub1ican policv The Hamiltonian idea or
National hank was expanded and perfected
,r,o the National banking system. while the
democrats still clamored and still are ciamoring
.or the restoration Of the "shinplaster" currency
~ the State banks. Finally the old Wing doc
zinc ~ Protection TO American industry became
one ~ the chiefest articles in the Republican
o~ooa being nassed on unimpaired from Clay TO
creelav IN Morrill, to Garfield and 10 Mckinney;
while the Democratic party maintained anu re4s-
SERTED the notification Of Calhoun in It's pretehce
that no tariff is constitutional but one for reVe-
nue. only"
SOME OTHER ISSUES.
Nor are these three the only distinctive issues
worthy Of remembrance. We have seen th1I
from the Nationalist idea arose projects for the
innnrovenent Of the public domain and the exc
.cur,on Of great public works Such was the
yy-big and such has been the Republican pollcy
consistently. and the Democrats have as steadliF
onnosed II. The Government patronage OF