davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21

machinery well put up, and run eco
nomically, will do the work well, but
il the first product (the beets) are not
well cultivated. and are brought to the
factory with green tops on the manu-
tecturer is at a loss to extract the sugar
contained in them; everywhere doub
ling the expenses. AS for the farmer,
it is better that he should cut the tops
eff and leave them on his ground, as it
is in chat part of the beets that all the
fertilizing properties lie; so that it is
much better for him to cut them e
than to bring them to the factory and
have dockage of or 10 per cent ;
and besides, the cost OF labor OF the
men put on to cut the tops off at the
factory must be deducted, for every
beet of which the green juice Of the
leaves is mixed with the beet juice
proper, is an obstacle TO Crystallztng
the sugar, and every drop of that
green juice must be eliminated before
the white granulated sugar can be
manufactured; so anyone who has at
heart the success OF this industry will
understand that this means great
loss of time and heavy manufacturing
eXbenses,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
POULTRY AMONG FRUIT.

While poultry raising and gardening
or orcharding are often disappointing
when carried on in cor junction, sub
scriDer evidently made q success Of
poultry and small fruits. In relating
his experience in this line he says: 1T
Is likely that extreme advocates of
spraying have found the spray pump
wasteful. It ia of great value as a de-
strOyer of such insects as the codling
moth, but when it is used to kill insects
that harbor on the ground ite use is
Wasteful. Nature balances her forces
oy making some of them the foes of
others that become destructive. 1t is
within the province Of man to assist in
restoring this balance and do it not in
wasteful or wanton way, but eCono-
mically both as to profit and material
at hand.
During the past season I placed q
yard of White Bramas in the center Of
10 acres of fruits consisting of all kinds
of small fruits and considerable vine-
yard. I put the cooping places and
house in a plum orchard. The pen
was increased from five hens and a.
male to nearly 200 fowls. These were
sold for broilers early. I watched the
results very closely during the entire
season, first, to see if there was any
profit in hsrboring poultry among
small fruits, and second, as to their
value as destroyers of insects.
Il fed the small chicks with their
mothers in the plum orchard and if the
trees we're Jared before feeding in the
morning and wheat wins then thrown
under the trees the curculio were gath
cred up with the wheat. The curculio.
as well as the plum gouger, will, when
the trees are Jared, double up and
drop. My plums were the freest from
these insects they have ever been.
When cultivation was begun nearest
the chicken house, and many cropg
had to receive frequent cultivation. il
gradually drew the flock of chickens
to any portion of the 10 az res under
cultivation. When from 100 to 200
chickens lined along the freshly STIR
red ground behind the cultivators,
found that an incredible number of in
sects were destroyed. - Farm and
Home.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
TOBACCO STEMS.
H W. WILEY,
Chief OF Division.

The stems and stocks Of tobacco,
which are waste products i'm manufsc
ture, are rich in potash. These stems
give about Is per cent. of ash, which
may contain as high as per cent. of
potash It is not, however, advisable
to burn the tobacco waste in order TO
obtain it's fertiliziDg ingredients. In
combustion, the nitrogenous constitu
ents of the waste, which are also valu,
able fertilizers, are lost, although it is
true that both the potash and phos,
phoric acid become more Immediately
available after incineration. In order
TO promote the absorption of the fertil
izlng ingredients Of tobacco waste, it
should always be finely ground before
applying it to the soil or mixing it with
other fertilizing materials.-Western
PloWmRn.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21

thus largely improving the quantity
and quality of the fruit.
For apparent reasons no logs should
be placed beneath the trees.
GRAPE VINES.
The above plan, tested on grape vines,
doubled the yield and largely improved
the quality of the grapes. In this case,
green red oak logs, bark on, wereused.
TO PREVENT DAMAGE FROM SPRING FROST
Any time during the winter haul
leaves and spread beneath the fruit
trees to the depth of about a foot
About April Goth remove the leaves
and spread on Irish potatoes. The
leaves, by keeping the ground cool, will
make the blooming later, and thus save
the fruit.
BRYAN TYSON.
Long Leaf, N. o.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
MR.. WILEY ON BEET SUGAR.
u. s. DEPARTMENT OBJ AGRICULTURE,
Division of Chemistry,

y. s. DEPARTMENT OBJ AGRICULTURE,
Division Of Chemistry,
Washington, D. @, Nov 9. 1897.
The EpitOn1ist Pub Co, Indianapolis
Ind
GENTLEMEN:-L have your letter of
the 2d inst. asking me for an expression
OF opinion in regard to some process by
which farmers may produce beet sugar
at home in a small way for their own
use. In reply, permit me TO say that
the production of crude beet sugar in
a small way is an extremely simple
process. Any farmer who is equipped
with a cider mill for rasping the beets,
a cider press for expressing the juice
and an evapOrator suitable for making
sorghum molassee, can produce crude
beet sugar. As q rule, this sugar will
not be very profitable, because it is not
refined and conGeiE the salts and bit
ter principles which make raw beet
sugar and beet molassee, as a rule, I'm
fit for table use. I6 will be, however,
an interesting object lesson to our farm
ers to demonstrate the fact that the
sugar beet itself contains sugar, and
that the latter can be made In the crude
way have mentioned above. In this
way the making OF sugar in small
way by farmers may prove stimulus
TO the industry and do great good,
Farmers, however, should not be de
ceived by the expectation of being able
to make their sugar in successful way
commercially. The successful and
only be accomplished in expensive fac
tories, equipped with all the appliances
necessary Co make pure refined sugar
Only the pure refined beet sugar can
I'm this the beet differs from the sugar
cane, because the latter will give a
sugar which, even in the crude state,
is palatable and marketable; in fact
many people prefer crude cane sugar
to the refined article On account of iCs
containing the aromatic principles OF
the cane, which give iE an Cdor and
flavor very acceptable Co most palates.
/ trust that any OF your readers who
may undertake the manufacture Of
beet sugar in the crude way have
mentioned above may do so only from
the point of view indicated, and not
with the expectation of making it a
commercial success.
am, respectfully,
H w. WILEY,
Chief OF Division.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
A.GRICULTURE.
"sAWDUSr AS A FERTILIZER
AND SOME OTHER MINOR
MATTERS.

Correspondence of The Progressive Farmer.
In your issue of Nov. 231 there is an
article from the pen Of Mr.. w. f.
Combs, headed as above, setting forth
the graf value as q fertilizer of par
TALLY rotted sawGust. The stuff had
rotted until it had no body to it >
From this it is evident that to be Of
service it must at least be partially
rotted. The kind Of dust is not stated,
but it was presumably pine. Oak,
hickory or dogwood would doubtless
be much more valuable.
There is an important principle in
volved in the above, to which | allude,
and especially as this same principle
can be made available and valuable IN
various ways. While sawdust Is un
dergoing decomposition the oxygen OF
the air, or of rain water, combines
with the carbon of the wood and forms
carbonic acid gas. This gas is possessed
Of great ferGIlizing properties and Is
taken up end appropriated by the
growing crops. More than this, saiJ
gas is a powerful solvent and acts on
certain reOelIious elements IN the soil,
reducing them TO plant food
Every person who turns under a
green crop (when maturt), such as
clover or pea vines, derives the same
b7nefit, and it is this feature that
makes them such valuable renOvators
OF worn soils
TO TRANSPLANT FRUIT TREES.
Construct trenches at right angles
Ct proper distances apart, about u feet
deep and from Q to feet broad In the
bottom by blowing and throwing out
the dirt with shovel. Then fill the
trenches TO within inches of the top
with round green wood, bark on. Hick
0ry, oak or dogwood may be employed
hickory thought to be best. A large
log, say one foot thick, should be placed
On top mid way the logs. Then cover
With dirt. When completed, the top
Of the large log should project above
the ground.
at each crossing q space Of from to
s teet each way should receive no tim
bars. Some partially rotted sawdust,
OF chip manure, can be used here to
gread advantage, being mixed with the
soil and the trenches filed Herewith.
A tree should be set at each crossing,
taking care to plant the trees no deeper,
than they originally grew.
The tops of the large logs being ex,
posed above the ground will have the
dect to hasten decomposition. The
'oots will run out among the logs and
sed on the gas that viii be generated,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21

North CAROLINA FARMERS STATE ALEL-
AECR.
President-Jno. Graham, Ridgeway,
NO.
Vice President B. Upchurch,
MOrrisville, N. ..
Secretary Tres surer-J.T B. Hoover,
HillsborO, NJ @.
State Business Agent-T. B. Parker,
Hillsboro, N. O.
Lecturer-Dr. V. N. Seawell, Villa
now, N. ..
Assistant Lecturer B. Brick
house, Mackev Ferry, N. @.
Chsplain-W. 8. Mercer, Moyock,
Ooor-keeper-Geo. T. Lane, Greens
boro, N. O.
assistant Door keeper-Jas. z. Lyon,
D lrhan, N. Q.
sergeant-at-Arms-A.D D. K. Wallace,
Raleigh, N. Q.
1.rusUee Business Agency Fund-W.
A. Graham. Machpelah, n. Q.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE or TIE HoRTH
GAR faAHA EARMERs' STATE ALLIAFOE-
J. W. Denmark, Chairman, Raleigh,
N. Q.
John Graham, Ridgeway, N. @.
W. B. Fleming, Rjdeeway, N. Q.
IF alipman, Concord, Y. Q.
DR.. J. B Alexander, Charlotte, N. Q
Themes Oldham, Teer, N. Q.
STATE ALLIANCE JUDICIARY OoEnlTTTEE.
DR.. J. E Person, Pikeville. N. O.
W. s Barnes. Raleigh, N. O.
7. Ivey, aillsbOrO, n, O.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
TO MEASURE CORN IN THE CRIB.

Two cubic feet Of sound, dry corn i'm
the ear will make bushel Of shelIed
corn. To get the quantity of shelled
corn in q crib OF corn in the ear, meas
ure length, breadth and height Of corn
crib inside the rail; multiply first by
second and products by third; divide
result by two, giving bushels Of sheIIed
corn. Corn shrinks much In winter
and spring and settles down.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21

SASSAFRAS AND LICR.

In every experiment made with the
use of sassafras in any form as a rem.
edy against lice, it has given excellent
results. One who tried the method
gave teaspoonful of oil of saseatras in
the mixed food OF ten hens twice q
week, and claims that lice left the
bodies OF the fowls. The use Of sassa-
fras root, stepped in boiling water, the
water being used for drenCling the
roosts, proved excellent, and even
poles Of sassafras, as roosts, are better
than any other to prevent lice. A
mixture Of one part sassafras oil and
four parts sweet oil, applying q few
drops on the head, comb, face, wattles,
legs, under the wings and around the
vent, is excellent, and when well rub
bed into the skin Of the head and neck
is sure remedy for the large head
lice. Bear in mind that when using oil
or grease OF any kind on fowls only a
little should be applied, as grease will
sometimes destroy chicks. AS a spray
the poultry house use kerosene emul-
sion (or kerosene), adding a gill of sas-
safras oil and half pint of crude car
bolic acid to a gallon of the kerosene or
emulsion. Two or three applications
will destroy not only the lice, but the
''nits' and eggs.-Mirror and Farmer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21

1t all poultry houses were lathed and
plastered with two coats of mortar, the
lice problem would be solved end the
cold drafts in winter shut IF. To de.
stroy lice, it will only be necessary,
once week, to burn enough sulphur
in the poultry house to fill it with dense
fumes, keeping it shut for an hour, and
the work is done. When the house is
not lathed and plastered, it is not close
enough, and too much fresh air comes
in while the sulphur is burning. White
washing will also be easier on plas-
tered wall, and the poultry house will
be warm in winter, and the hens more
comfortable and profitable. Poultry
Keeper.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
Long Leaf, N. Q.
SUGAR BERTs AND THEIR COST

Mr.. Nieuwenhuyse, superintendent
of sugar factory, Rome, N. Y, and
man OF large experience, both in this
country and in Europe, in sugar beet
culture, writes the Country Gentleman
as follows:
Can sugar beets be cultivated by
the farmers proatably, say at $5 per
ton, delivered at factoryI" Yes, and
no
Yes, il raised on good soil, titled in
rows 10 or 90 inches apart, thinned out
at five or six inches in the row, and
work of cleaning done at the proper
time. Do not wait until your young
beets are surrounded by weeds, but
pass with the hand hoe as soon as you
can see the rows. Thin the plants out
as soon as they have two to four leaves.
Pass often afterwards with the horse
noe to keep the weeds down. This will
have the eff CT of loosening the earth
around the plants, and give the roots
plenty Of air, while the young weeds
will be destroyed; for, as you will see
later, the cultivation of beeEs is very
expensive so every opportunity must
be taken to have as large crop as pos
stble. This you cannot get If che weeds
take part of the strength of your soil :;
and il the beets are titled in rows
farther than 90 inches apart, you will
have larger beets but not so much
cH
sugar manufacturer wants to make it
pay, is small beets, say from one to
two and one half pounds in weight
These beets will do we'll to cut the tops
off, while large one are a great deal
worse TO cut; and in large beets, the
percentage of water ia too high, and
| the percentage of sugar too low. Sugar
beets for the factory ought to be cut
off fat at the root of the leaves, so that
no green tops adhere to the beet. This
Is absolutely necessary in order to
manufac ure a good standard of sugar
1t is impossible to make sugar with
leaves.
No, beets will not pay farmer if
grown on poor ground, or on muck
land, or land which has not good drain
age, or il the soil is not in a good state
of cultivation. The cost of raising an
acre of beets is too high for them to be
raised on poor lsnd. Here is a table
showing the approximate cost of rails
ing an Rcre of beets.
Cost OF cultivating well an acre of
beets at 18 inches between the rows,
and thinning out 60 inches in the
ro Es, at 81 25 per day for labor:
Preparation of land. blowing and
narrowing. % w
An extra narrowing before put
ting in the seed ed...... 0 so
TIlling and rolling ng...... 1 SO
Cleaning between the rows with
hand hoe. Observation-Disclosures. 90
Thinning out and putting in
place the beets at distance of
or 6 inches in the rows, and
cleaning between the rows .. 90
Third cleaning with horse hoe rs
Fourth cleaning with q horse
hoe, and slightly hilling up. = rs
One days work to take the
weeds out near the beets which
the horse hoe has left. ....... / 25
Pulling up, cutting the tops off,
putting the beets in small
heaps, and covering them with
leaves OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. w
Loading and drawing the crop
to the factory at an average of
10 tons to the acre at SOC. per
ton, for six miles distance. -. 6 90
&27 25
Twelve tons, at "a per ton $49 90
Cost of cultivating. ... 81 75
$50 25
It is of the highest Importance for
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
PloWraRn.

PatroniEe those who advertise in
The PROGRESSIVE FARMER, Tt never
knowingly admits a humDug ad. You
will also do us favor by always men
tioning The PROGRESSIVE FARMER in
writing an advertiser.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
LECTURERS

J. P. Sossamon. Charlotte, N. @.
Hamlin v. Poore. Bird Island. MINI.
r. Fl. Peirsol, Parkersburg, W. Va.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
cmx gATIONAL FARMERS ALL,
ANCE AND INDUSTRIAL
UNION.

Mann Page, Brandon,
Vice President-C. Vincent, Indian.
spolis, Ind.
Secretary Treasurer-W. P. Bricker,
Oogan Station, Pa.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
500 Is

It ia of the highest Importance for
the financial success Of the beet sugar
industry to make the farmers under
stand that the whole success of this in
dustry is in their own hands and not
i'm the hands Of themanufacturer. The
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
IONAL Executive COMM1TTEE.

r. Mann Page, Brandon, Va; John
Bre zig, w. Va; A. B. Welch. New
York; " A. Gardner, Andrews Set
tlement, Pa.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21
JUDICIARY

3. W. Beck, Alabama.
81. u. Davie. Kentucky.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21

''The ProgreSn
sive Farmer ID o
good paper--EaG
above the aver
age land possibly
the best advegtiR-
ing medium in ~.
c." Printers Ink.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-12-21

"The Progress
ave Farmer t9 O
rood paper---Rr
shove the aver
Rge-and possibly
ehe best advertiS-
inp medium in NJ
CT Printers Ink.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1897-01-01
Death Of Il Good Woman.

Mrs Martha Addison Beall, widow of
the late Zachariah B. Beall, died on Fri
day evening last, at mount Lubentia,"
the home of her niece, Mrs. Rosalie B.
Bowie, in the 10th year of her age. She
was the daughter of the late Henry Addi
son, of Georgetown d. c., one of its most
prominent citizens and at one time Mayor
of that city. AS one of the beauties and
bellies of that exclusive portion of the Ma
tional Capitol, her early life and young
womanhood had been spent amid gay sur
roundings. She had been a resident of
this county tor many years and had made
many loving and devoted friends. She
was woman of strong attachments and
decided literary tastes. She died in the
faith of the Protestant Episcopal Church
OF which she was a constant and devoted
member. When stricken some weeks ago
with her last illness she expressed hope
that she might die on Christmas Day; her
wish was granted, for on that day, just at
inset, she sank peacefully to rest Her
with the closing stanZa of one of her ia
vorite poems, by Mrs. Browning, which
we have frequently heard her quote:
Ar d fIierds! dear friends! when it shall be
hat this low breath has gone from me-
A nj round my bier We come to weep
Let oh", NEST loving of YOU al,
say. rot a tear must DER her fall
He giveth His beloved seep'"
Her wishes AS to her funeral were car
ried out. The burial services were read
at her late home ON Monday morning by
Rev. Mr.. Sontag assisted by Rev. Mr..
Turner and her remains were taken to
Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, and
buried beside her daughter, the late Mrs.
X. Irving Bowie. Her pail bearers, as
named, were DR.. John G. Fairfax, Messrs.
Jeremiah Berry, G. c. Magruder, William
Berry, Phil. W. Chew and |. S. Wilson,
with Francis Cash as Funeral Director
Cdzf!ts.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1897-01-01
Meeting of the Salmagllndi.

The hospitablc doors of "Woodland,'
the home of Miss Esther G. Hill, were
opened on Wednesday afternoon to vel
come the members of the Salmagund
The meeting was called to order by the
President, Mrs F. W. Hill, and the usual
literary program was begun by the read
ing of King Robert of Sicily" from the
Tales of the Wayside Inn, by Miss May
Hill in a most pleasing and attractive man
ner Miss Susie Clagett next read we'll
written and entertaining paper on Cur
rent Events" All then participated in
"A Game of Proverbs" consisting of a
contest in supplying the missing conso-
nants from words which, when completed,
formed familiar proverbs. Mrs. Frank
w. Hill won the first prize, consisting of
Jewel box, lowered with violets: the
second, or consolation prize, was drawn
for by Mrs. Annie Hill and Mrs Fred
Sasscer and won by the latter.
The guests were invited to partake of a
repast, consisting of chicken salad, dain-
ty crackers and coffee, with delicious fruit
cake and punch made of the celebrated
Woodland" grape wine.
Those present were: Mrs. Esther G..
Hill, Miss Annie Hill, Miss Mary Beale,
Mrs Annie Hill Mrs. William G. Brooke,
Mrs. F. W. Hill, Mrs. Joseph S. Wilson,
Mrs. Is. Wilson, Mrs. Fred. Sasscer, Misses
Susie and Sophie Clagett, and Misses May
and Maggie Hill.
The next meeting will be held at the
home of Mrs. William G. Brooke, January
18th from till P. NJ
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser. (Upper Marlborough, Md.) 1882-1925, 1897-01-01
Obituary..

At Clinton, Prince Georges County,
GINA SCOTT BRYAN, wife of William
Page Bryan, aged SO years
Mrs. Bryan was the eldest daughter of
Thomas A, Scott and Ann f. Graham, of
Washington, ID. c., and was born in that
city June 9th, 1889
She was carefully educated; first at the
Visitation Convent in Washington and
afterward at the Academy of Mt. de Sales
near Baltimore, Maryland.
Her marriage to Mr.. Bryan took place
September 5th, 1865, and after that time
her home was at Clinton, Maryland
where, as a true and devoted wife, tender
mother and faithful friend, she was Il
blessing and an example to all who knew
her.
Mrs. Bryan was one of those rare Christ
ian women whose greatest sorrows were
the Affections of others, and whose truest
happiness was in trying to help and COM
fort those whom Providence placed i'll her
path. Never did this noble woman,
though at no time blessed with much
bounty herself. fail to find room in heart
or home for those who thus came to her
Never did those self-sacrificing and over
burdened hands think anything too much
to do if Duty seemed to require it, and
never was conscience more sensitive.
Her generosity and tenderness of heart
were never more beautifully shown than
when, in the effort to care for the child
rem of a stricken mother she took her own
babe from her breast that she might bet
ter nourish little stranger
Though her last years were full of pain
and misfortune so great was her Christian
trust and patience that she was almost
never known to complain and was full of
hope for the best until the very last. 1t
was in these last years in the sisterly
love of her life long friend Mrs DR.. Bland
ford that it was given her to feel Gf her
own keen jud gment of the human heart
had not always told herr how blessed the
Angel of Friendship might become.
Mrs. Bryan had ten children, six of
whom-four sons and two daughters re-
main to comfort tkeir bereaved father.
The burial took place on Monday morn
ing December 7th, at the Catholic Gene
terry at Piscataway.
Dear, patient, loving hands. tired feet,
fuffering body, rest The world is better
by your life and Heaven is richer by your
entrance
The funeral of Mrs Maria Bordan, who
died at Cedarville Tuesday, Dec. 90, 1886
aged 80 years, took place from Emmanuel
NJ. E, Church, South, Wednesday Dec.
90, at II a. M, Rev. +. T. Griffith, official
ed.
She leaves a son and daughter Mr..
Witherald and Mrs. Kellogg who reside
near Cedarville. Tie deceased was good
woman, having been a christian from
early childhood. She had resided here
only about two years having come here
from the North, but was esteemed by
those who knew her.