The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-01-13
THRIVE IN THE SEVERE COLD.
VALUABLE POINTS ON THE FEED
ING AND BREEDING OF
SWINE.
USE OF FAT FOODS AND FoDDERs.
Papers Read at the Meeting of the
State Stock breeders AssOcia-
ton.

dII0nOdnC0 OIL anu SlOCh1
ers, and the students of the state ag-
ricultural college were present in a.
body. DR.. Curryer, of Mankato, presi-
dent Of the association, occupied the
chair and opened the proceedings with
a brief congratulate address, calling
upon Prof. Shaw of the state agricul-
tural college, to outline the formation
and growth of the association.
Prof Shaw told of the organization
of the Live Stock association during
the state fair of 1885, of the interest
taken in the movement, of the subse
Quent organization of the Swine Breed
ers and Sheep Breeders association in
the January following, and Of the in
creased interest shown by the mem
bers of these three associations since
that time, and the great amount they
had added to the wealth of the state
in this short time. 1T is estimated
that the value Of the live stock in Min
nesota is $3O,0OOOO0," said Prof Shaw
This wealth, by intelligent breeding,
can be doubled without adding one
head tic the number of animals Prof
Shaw then urged the necessity of leg
iSlatiVe aid to increase the animal in
dustry of the state. He related that the
province of Ontario alone had shipped
in one year more than $40, 000 900 worth
Of cheese and half that value in milk,
because the Legislature Of that province
had encouraged the dairy associations
of the province. The same results, with
much greater ease, could be produced
in Minnesota with the assistance Of
the lPOiSl9tnrQ also col thot f
was the hope of the officers of the
Live Stock Breeders association that
all animal industries in the state would
be annually represented in a meeting
to be held in this city for the inter
change Of opinions. Breeders of poul-
try, bee keepers and all persons inter
ested in farm pursuits other than that
Of EMBARRASSING were to be invited to
attend these annual gatherings and
become members of the general associ-
alton.
Prof Snyder, Of the state school Of
agriculture, delivered an address on
the feeding value and composition of
Minnesota folders. Early crops, he
said, were more valuable, pound for
pound, for feeding than the later crops.
Inc early crops contain more nutri-
ents more protean compounds neces-
sary to the building of muscular frame
| work in the growing animal. The later
crops, producing more Of the starchy
and woody compounds, were not so
good for fattening stock. Using timo-
thy as an illustration he said that
| When cut over ripe the nutrients were
! not SO valuable and there was a great
loss in digestibility. When over-ripe.
! there was 20 per cent less of nutrients
than when cut in the bloom. The
same fodder, if it becomes sunburned
and bleached, or bleached by rain.
loses much in paIatability that is so
necessary to digestion, and, conse
! quently to the fattening of the animal.
In the questioning that followed. Prof.
Hays WAS called upon to answer some
OF the queries. He said that timothy
TO be fed to calves and other animals
that were to be pushed, should be cut
in the first blossom. But for horses
1t should be cut later but not so late
as the second bloom. Speaking of
millets, he said that in this state the
results were not so satisfactory as
feeding with corn fodder, nor the profit
SO great, acre for acre. MilleIt would
90 Well on any corn ground. Cutting
OF grain for feeding purposes, however,
was not a matter that could be direct
ed from the platform. Observation in
the field alone could give the best re-
suits.
Hon. c. D. Gflfllan, who has a large
stock farm at Redwood Falls, had for
his topic Cattle Feeding in Mime
sofa" He stated broadly that cattle
could be raised more successfully in
Minnesota than in the states lying far
ther south in the corn growing belt.
This may be considered a rash asser-
tion," he said, 'but I have been in the
business ten years and I speak with
some knowledge. 1t is true that more
feed is needed and pasturage ceases
sooner with us than in the states far
Their south. These are the disadvant-
ages. But L have found that excessive
cCld, unfess accompanied by wind
does not add to the discomfort of cat
tie. Nature gives them a warm coat,
ana notice that my cattle stay out
OF doors in preference even when the
thermometer is below zero, when there
is no wind to chill them. They put on
flesh faster than cattle in the more
southern states where the climate is
changeable-warm one day with mud
and slop to stand in and freezing cold
with winds the next, that drives them
to shelter. [ notice that the average
gain in weight for cold, dry season,
IS 6O pounds per MONTH and in seasons
that are damp and open the average
gain is but 40 pounds. The principal
element necessary to rapid and success
full fattening, is perfect comfort of the
animals. In winter and summer they
must be kept quiet They cannot take
on flesh Il roughly handled and kept
i'll an excited condition. Another thing
that is in favor of our latitude is the
comparative absence Of flies Flies will
prevent the formation of fat by keep
ing the animal irritated and excited
Mr. Gilfllan said that his favorite
breed of cattle for fattening is the roam
shorthorn. He dehorns, of course, he
said. He further said that the remedy
for hard times lies in the hands Of the
farmers. Every farmer should raise
and fatten stock as we'll as raise grain.
The state now produces wheat to feed
ten millions of people, but the live
stock industry is in infancy Care and
attention are needed, but the returns
are certain and the market for good
cattle is never glutted and the prices
always certain to yield profit, though
1t might sometimes be small. my last
experiment, with 1900 cattle, after paw
ing all expenses, the cost of care. feed.
maintenance Of buildings-every item
of eXpense-netted me $3.50 per head
in the Chicago market. That is not a
great profit, but it is better than most
of the merchants in the cities can
| show"
Prof Theodore Lewis, of Wisconsin.
was introduced as the man who had
been worth millions to Minnesota" on
the work he had accomplished for the
| breeders of fine swine. He paid especia1
| attention in his address to the neces-
| Sity of breeding from fine stock. NOT
over fat and the equal necessity Of
keeping the breeders in condition and
using these same animals until%their
| product showed signs of yimperfection
| The subject of overlooking was dweit
upon with earnestness, and the ne
ceSSity for perfect sanitary conditions