The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1897-10-17
ANNEXATION HANDBOOK
[. A. Thursion Issues a Document Giving
Arguments and Answering Objections.
asEFUL IN COMMERCE AND WAR
Tho Inhabitants OF Hawaii arc Indus-
trtous and without Poorhouscs or
1ramps-NO Danger TO tho Sugar
Industry of tllo United Stntcs-The
Question OF tho Monroe Doctrine.
(New York Tlmes.)

1orin A. Thurston cN-Minister from
QIawaii. has issued n Handbook on the
Annexation of Hawaii OF elghty-eight
pages In pamphlet form.
The handbook consists of q statement
of the reasons in favor or annexation 4
brief description OF Hawaii, It's people,
Government, laws, commerce, finances
educational system and resources an
enumeration Of twenty objections that
have been made to annexation, and a
reply to each; a digest of the opinions OF
American Presidents, Secretaries OF
State, Ministers and military and naval
officers, and of acts Of Congress and of
Hawaii concerning American control or
annexation Of Hawaii; copies OF the
messages and reports accompanying the
annexation treaties OF 1893 and 1897, and
copies Of the three treaties of annexa-
tion OF Hawaii negotiated in 1854 1893
and 1897; OF the reciprocity treaty of
1857. and Of the pearl Harbor treaty"
OF 1897.
There are also four maps showing "a
The area In the Pacific within which
Hawaii is tho only supply station; (2)
Vine same area transposed to tile At
'antic side; 90 A detail map showing the
relative position OF Hawaii to, and the
distance from, the principal naval sta
tions and ports.
A summary of the reasons advanced
for and against annexation are as fol-
lows:
AMERICAN POLICY TOWARD HA-
WAIT.
The reasons are that:
Hawaii Characterization, civilization,
commerce, education and DEVELOPMENT
are the direct product of American effort
Hawaii is. In every element and quail
ty which enters into the composition Of
q modern civilized community, q child
OF America.
Hawaii Is the one american Colony"
beyond the borders OF the Union
Honolulu Is the one foreign port in
tho world where the Stars and Stripes
tloat over more ships than all the other
flags combined.
Out Of all this has grown q sentimen-
tai feeling toward Hawaii which does
not measure it's regard In dollars, COM
blned with recognition OF the strategic
value OF Hawaii, and the determination
that 1t should not pass under the control
or any other foreign people, Sesuting
In settled policy of exclusion of other
powers and ultimate annexation
The first reason in favor Of annexation
Is that 1t will prevent the establish
ment OF an alien, and possibly hostile
stronghold IN a positlccl commanding
the Pacific coast
The second reason is that the condi-
lions are such that the United States
must act now to preserve the results Of
Its past policy and to prevent the domi-
nancy in Hawaii of a foreign people,
The third reason Is that 1t will in
crease many fold and secure to the
United States the commerce of the Is
lands,
The fourth reason Is that 1t will
remove Hawaila from international poll
tics and tend to promote peace in the
Pacific by eliminating an otherwise GER
tain source Of International friction.
TWENTY OBJECTIONS ANSWERED
Twenty objections to annexation and
replies thereto are included in the
pamphlet. The first objection is that It
ia unconstitutional, because the general
Government Is limited in It's powers to
those expressly conferred upon 1t by
the Constitution, and that the Constitu-
ton does not specifically grant power
to annex territory, and that therefore
the power does not exist. Eleven in
stances are cited wherein the Execu-
tive has negotiated annexation treaties,
and four decisions OF the Supreme Court
supporting the constitutlcnalIty OF an
heSaton are cited.
The second objection-that 1t Is nm
constitutional because Hawaii Is not
contiguous to the United States--is an
6wered as follows: THE Supreme Court
holds that the power to acquire territory
~ LII incident Oh National sovereignty,
that the United States has the right to
acquire territory because it Is Nation"
The third objection-that Its inhabi-
tantS are not homogeneous with the
people of the United Stares-is dismissed
as follows:
There is no nr!nc!ple, direct or i'm
Piled, in the Constitution Of the United
States which makes the title of the
United States to the territories enumcr-
ated depend upcn the quality OF the
people living therein at the date Of
annexation"
THE PEOPLE OF HAWAII.
The fourth objection, whether the an
neHation OF a non homogeneous people is
constitutional or not, the population of
Hawaii fe unfit for Incorporation dnto
ond VIII be dangerous to the American
pSltttcad system. Is thus dealt with:
The people of Hawaii as a whole, are
industrious annually exporting more
per capita than any other nation. There
are no pooTthouses, paupers, beggars or
tramps in Hawaii The native Hawaii
ans ore a conservative peaceful, and
generous people. The majority OF the
present House of Representatives, in
Guiding 1.-THE speaker, consists of native
pure blood Eawaiians The two races
Sreely intermarrry, resulting in n pres
ent population of 1000 Of mixed blood.
Seven Thousand OF the 5000 so-called
Portuguese of Hawaii are Hawaiian
Hho~n e. nj W.T.