Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1897-05-15
ANECDOTAL LITERATURE.
Gathered and Compiled for the In
dependent BY W. G.

ao JStAS"aiNSu1hJ PNNo0n@A AAtNAANs
There is much more firmness in him
than has yet appeared. Though he
may leave the appointment otsubor-
dinates to his Secretary, he will
nevertheless not agree with all the
decisions, and Cabinet ministers
will do well at first to wait little
before using the Ratchet. Gen. Tay-
lor may not be able to prevent exc
cutions, but he may feel disposed to
sacrifice the hangmen.
There are already rumors of con-
spiracies to produce the rejection of
this or that officer by the Senate,
and there is fair prospect OF
fight for the principal government
offices in Boston, New York and
Philadelphia. Natives, Wings and
Originals are disputing with each
other the spolls of victory. If Gen.
Taylor is wise-and that he is
man of strong sense, no one can
deny-he will reflect while before he
acts. BY not meddling with APP
pointments he did not give his Sec
retaries carteS bldnebes to remove
whom they please.
The farewell address delivered by
Vice President Dallas in the Senate
was in his happiest style, and pro-
| duced a deep impression, and he
carried the affection Of the Senate
home with him.
TAYLoR's CABINET.
Secretary of State, John NJ. Clay
ton, Del. ; Secretary Of the Treas.
ury, VIM. M. Meredith, Pa; Secre-
tary of War, Geo. w. Crawford,
Ca; Secretary of the Homo De-
partment, Thomas Ewing, Ohio;
Secretary of the Navy, VIM. b.
Preston, Va; Postmaster General,
Jacob Collamer, Vt, Attorney Gen.
eral, Reverdy johnson, Md.
Gen. Taylor died Jaly 9th, 1850,
being in office one year, four months
and four days, and Willard Fill
more become President, and served
out the unexpired term.
CHANGES OF PARTIES AND PARTY
NAMES.
During the American Revolution
there were two parties--Whigs and
Tories. The former was composed
of all men in the Continental Con-
gress and the Continental Army
and Navy, and all who supported
the Revolutionary cause, the latter
was composed of all who opposed
the struggle for Independence, and
we're in favor of the continuance of
British rule. At the close of 1888,
the Wing party ruled undisputed,
the Tory party being compelled to
renounce their distinctive organiza-
ton or appearance. This continued
until 1887, when the Federal Con-
vention assembled to form consti-
tuition. The two parties which
arose in that body, and in the State
conventions to which their work
was submitted were known as Rights
Men and Constitutionalists The
former were most numerous in
Massachusetts, and Rhode Island,
and the latter In South Carolina and
Georgia. In the State conventions
Massachusetts, opposed the constItu-
tion, because it surrendered too
much power to the Federal Govern
ment, and adopted it finally by q
majority of only 10 in a convention
of 1886. Rhode Island refused 10
adopt it till 1890. Georgia adopted
it unanimously, and South Carolina
by a majority of rs in a convention
of 222. After the constitution went
into operation, and tie country be-
came somewhat involved in the trou-
bles of the French revolution,
portion of the people favored an en-.
larged construction OF power in the
Federal government. These were
mostly the original State Rights
Men Of Massachusetts and Rhode Is
land and New York, and were after
wards called Federalists. Another
portion that contended for State
Rights, were mostly the original
Consolidationists of the Carolinas
and Georgia, and were afterwards
called Republicans. Subsequently
these parties were distinctly divided
| in contest for the Presidency, the
Federalists gained the victory In
1876, and the Republicans in 1900
the latter retaining power until 1924
and the Federalists disbanding on
the retirement of Mr.. Madison 10
1916. During this whole period of
Al years, from 1888 to 1924 Wings
and Tories were unknown as parties
in American politics, or il the terms
were occasionally applied, the first
was given to the Republicans, and
the second to the Federalists.
After the election OF Mr.. j. Quin-
cy Adams, in 1926, some Of the
jackson Men" attempted, but un-
successfully, to revive the distinc-
tions of the last % years, calling
themselves Republicans, and the
adams Men" Federalists. They
found obstacles TO this 10 the
"Jeffersonian Republicanismn of Mr..
Adams, and the early Federalism
of Gen. Jackson. After the first elec-
tion of Gen. jackson the "Opposi-
ton" sailed under the name of"Na-
tional Republicans and after his
second election under that Of
"Whigs.' These Wings were out
of power during eight years, and
afterwards gained it temporarily in
the election of Gen. VIM. Henry
Harrison in 1910. The two great