Evening bulletin., 1897-12-10
A SOUND HORSE.

- SSSNC TVSNSCs
Suggestions and Directions For Detecting
Equine Defects and Diseases.
A horse may be temporarily unsound
or permanently unsound.
Temporary unsoundness may include
certain diseases of which, after the ami
NAL has recovered, little or no trace re
mains 1t also includes certain forms of
lameness, as interfering, slight spraips,
ETC., which subside in short while. In
examination 1t is necessary to look for
disease, malformation, etc., and not for
soundness
The horse to be examined should be
seen, first, at rest in and out of the stall;
second, in motion both when warmed
up and when cooled off-that is, exam.
ined in motion while hot and also when
cold.
Ascertain how the animal feeds
while at rest in the stall-if he cribs,
sucks wind or weaves Notice his posi-.
tion of standing and watch him while
backing out Of the stall to sec whether
there is dragging Of the feet or other pc.
culiar actions.
On the floor have nothing ON the
horse but a halSr Take a general
glance at the animal, noting the posi-
tion Of the extremities, color, size and
general outline. Then proceed to exam
inc part by part, commencing at the
head, not forgetting to compare one side
! with the other as the examination pro
crosses
In examining the head note the shape
and condition Of the bones of the face
the shape and condition Of the eyes, the
pupils, the ears, the mucous membrane
of the nasal cavity, noting the color apt
looking for liberation, growths, etc.
then examine the contents of the mouth
the age, shape, size and wearing sur
faces of the teeth, and examine the BARI
for fractures, and then PASS to the in
termaxillary space, feeling the pulse
the condition of the lower jaw, wheth
er thickened or thinned. Examine til,
glands in this region, then the poll, th'
throat, the condition Of the glands, no
forgetting to cause the animal 10 cougl
and remembering the kind of cough
Pass along tho neck, note the condition
of the name, the jugular groove, th'
trachea. Look over the shoulders fo
marks of setuns, wasting of muscles
the elbows (for capped elbow; the knee
for fractures, inflammation. etc til,
shin bones for splints; the tendons fo
their condition; the fetlock for frac
lures, swellings, scars of neurotomy
etc. then look for side bones, ringbones
etc.. and finally the general outline o
the feet, as regards size, shape, ETC.
and in particular for toe cracks, quarte
cracks, results of laminitis. navicula
disease, ETC.
Next take the body under observa
ton, remembering to examine botl
sides, first the withers, looking TO
marks Of setons, swellings, ETC., thel
tho condition Of the ribs Test the hear
and lungs, look at the abdomen for her
mia, etc., and then the flank, noting tn
respirations, whether quickened, slow
irregular and the like.
Next stand behind the ariina! and eS
anime the hips for fractures, swellings
ETC.. then the hip joints, remehl BERN.
to compare one side with the other. Ex
anime the tail to sec if false, look undo
the tail for tumors, the flank for her
MIA, tumors. etc. the STILES for sw' /!
ings, dislocations, the hooks for spavins
thoroughpins, curbs, then pass down
ward, noting the condition Of the part
in the front limbs.
Have the animal trotted by the halte
in as straight line as possible in
slow, easy trot, allowing the hors
about one foot of rope so as not TO III
terfere with the action The anime
should be trotted away from the exam
iner, at which time the movements @
the posterior extremities may DO note
and when trotted toward him the move
ments of the anterior extremities.
When the animal IL warmed up, lame
ness may not be shown. while II coole
off 1t manifests itself, and vice versa
Next have the animal galloped to ter
his wind. SEQ II the breathing Is fast
irregular or noisy Do not forget to eA
anime tho eyes-Northwestorn Agr