davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-05-26

Eacn year d new grown pushes from
the base of the old one, new set of
roots is formed and generally an aged
pseudo bulb, as these feshy stems are
called, withers away at the rearmost
end of the creeping rootstalk. In fav-
orable seasons side bud may also
push beside the leading shoot and this
new lead also continues year by year
to produce a blooming bulb; or If
the creeping rhizome is cut apart
more of the dormant buds may start
and eventually become separate
plants. AS this slow process is the
only means of multiplying the lndl-
vidual plants, it is perhaps not to be
wondered at that that specially rare
and beautiful examples bring such
sensational prices when offered for
sale Five hundred, or in exceptional
cases even several thousand dollars
are sometimes paid for plants of mod
crate size show that some unique
beauty of flower while the perhaps
equally beautiful but more abundant
ordinary type of the same species
NAV be purchased for a dollar or two.
Nearly all orchid fanciers nowadays
are trying their hands at the raising
of seed obtained by hybridizing diff
ferent species, but the plants are so
delicate in their early stages and so
subject to attack by all sorts of in
sects and moulds or parasitic fungi,
so apt to be smothered by algae or
other low plants to which the con
slant moisture necessary for the seed
ling, affords conditions for luXuriant
growth, that a hybrid orchid is al
ways prize and generally a source
of pride and self-congratulation to it's
fortunate producer. So far [ have
succeeded in growing two or three
seeds out of each million planted, but
hope to do better than that some of
these days.
The mode of termination of which
I have spoken, the seed passing
through an intermediate or thalloid
state before the appearance of leaves
or roots is not without parallel among
other orders of plants The crinums
or socalled lilies of our garden pro-
duce f1eshy bulb-like seeds which IN
terminating push out sprout the
end of which buries itself in the
ground and swells into genuine
bulb, often as large as the seed it
comes from, before sending a shoot
up into the air. The orchid simply
omits the needless sprout and grad
ually becomes a sort of tuber with
out altering it's position.
We may consider the epiphytal or
tree inhabitating orchids as having
been crowded off the ground by the
fierce struggle for standing among
terrestrial plants and finding space
suitable for growth upon the branch
es of the forest they have left, the
vulgar competition of more earthly
things and established themselves
among the winged fairies of the air,
visited only by butterflies and bees
and such ETHEREAL creatures.
But you must remember that no
real solidity of character can be ac-
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-05-26

Flying off to another flower of the
same kind they repeat the whole pro-
ceeding, but this time they press past
the stigma, part of the pollen is rub
bed off on it, adherring on account OF
it's sticky viscidity and the flower is
fortified, while fresh supply of pol
len is smeared upon the creature as
it escapes past the anther into the
open air.
A slight modification is shown by
one ladyslipper orchid which is a ma
tive of the isthmus of Panama. The
side petals = the strings of the
slipper as a lady remarked on seeing
them-are heightened out in an aston
ishing way so as to be sometimes
nearly yard long, their use has been
conjectured to be to act as ladders for
snails and slugs which in passing in
and out of the flowers fertilize in the
same manner as the bees just de-
scribed.
In all the other tribes of orchids
the rule is that the stigma is viscid
and prolongation or attachment of
the stigma, called rostellum, secretes
a gum or mucilage which serves to at
tach the pollen to the visiting insect
to be afterwards pulled off by the SUI
perior sickness of the stigma in the
next flower visited.
Perhaps. the simplest case is in these
-dendrobiums where the pollen forms
a little waxy mass kept safely under
a hinged cap until the insect, having
entered the funnel shaped lip and
pushed it's head against what [ may
call the mucilage cup, attempts to
back out, in an instant the hinged cap
flies open leaving the pollen mass in
contact with the smeared head of the
insect to which it adheres quite firm
ly. When the insect enters another
flower, this pollen mass which adorns
it's forehead easily pushes past the
pollen cap of the new flower, since it
was not attached to the insect until it
had retreated little from the posi-
ton it had to take to get the honey
and so is pushed directly into the stig-
matte hollow, which is not only very
sticky, but of such shape as to tend
to scrape off the pollen mass when the
insect tries to retreat. AS it retreats
the pollen is carried from the flower
as before and so the work goes on.
In the cattleyas there are four sep
arate pollen masses under the cap and
each mass has little bit of elastic
tape attached to it. The tips of these
tapes just peep out under the cap and
are glued to the Insects head or back
just as the single pollen mass of Gen
drobium is. Sometimes it happens
that the insect carries off only one or
two of them leaving the rest for the
next conner. Sometimes it may carry
off all four and leave them each in
single flower, thus fertilizing four
seed pods instead of only one.
In the genus orchis, from which the
whole family takes it's name, the pol
len is in two masses shaped like in
verified soda water bottles with a little
sticky disk of membrane where the
cork ought to be. So when the insect
| e I1o 1c, oI0 cd
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-05-26

er, but the flowers are simply neces-
sary preliminaries to seeds and the
seeds themselves offer no reward to
any creature for their planting and
distribution. They are so small that
no creature cares to gather them and
none of the larger animals could get
at them in any case
Let us leave the orchids for mo-
ment, as they retire from competition,
and betake themselves to the fastness-
es of the air and see what some of
below. Let us take for example the
ancestor of all the grasses; this hum
BILE plant was Pumping up it's tiny
| kernel with little store of starch
and gluten and thus becoming a prey
to mice and other creatures who gath
cred more than they could eat of the
plant in favorable situations which
otherwise it could mot have reached
These favored plants again offered
better kernels and more tempting in
ducements to their despoilers, return
ing good for apparent evil and receiv-
ing back the good they did in heaped
up, pressed down and overlooking
measure till now the grasses are dom
inant everywhere from the equator TO
no
topping all but the Hottest trees and
as wheat and other grains, supporting
whole races of men, and in return
having millions of acres devoted to
their exclusive use. The orchids on
the other hand have given honey and
sweet, pulpy morsels to the bees and
butterflies, and in return have become
miracles of delicate beauty, but hav-
ing done nothing for more intelligent
and higher creatures, their seeds have
scarcely advanced upon the windsOwn
spores of the ferns and horsetails that
fourished ages ago in the carbonifer
GUS time; in spite of their myriad
numbers, they are so little efficient in
perpetuating their kind that we value
most orchids as greatly for their rari-
ty as we do for the rare beauty they
have acquired in doing good in the
limited sphere where they had oppor-
tunity, for it is thought nowadays
that variation is in response to stimu-
lation that the visit of the insect
| causes freer flow of sap to the parts,
| thus irritated, and this fuller nourish
ment renders possible the change and
enlargement which by slow accumu
lated degrees has given us the beau
ties and marvels of which [ am about
to speak.
| With hardly any exceptions orchids
have adapted themselves to cross fer
tilization by insects and in the whole
tribe of ladyslipper orchids one gener-
al plan prevails, which is illustrated
| by the flower [ hold in my hand. The
stigma is a broad button-like projec-
ton facing downwards; on either side
of this is fixed mass of pasty, sticky
| pollen and around the whole is
| thrown the curious pouch with fan
cied resemblance to slipper. Some
secretion is produced within this
| pouch which is attractive to certain
4
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1897-07-04
Women in the Colleges.

Chicago Times Herald.
The recent decision of the authorities of
Wabash College to adhere to the old-tlme
policy of excluding women from its educa-
tional privileges was doubtless q dlSap-
pointment to those who believe that CO.
education must ultimately become the eS-
tablished policy of all of our higher lnst-
buttons of learning 1t is useless to deny
the rapid growth of public sentiment in
favor of coeducation. An institution that
refuses at this time to admit both sexes on
an equal footing to the privileges of its
curriculum would seem TO be setting It's
face against the progress OF the century.
1t is assumed however, in this instance,
that the reasons for barring women from
Wabash College proceed from consldera-
tionS of eXpediency rather than from any
serious antagonsm TO coeducatlon.
1t is useless TO resist the encroachments
of women in the learned professions; it is
therefore futile to deny them the benefits
of a collegiate training. The mere fact
that the public education OF the youth OF
our land is in the hands Of the women
ought to constitute a SUFFICIENT argument
for opening wide the doors OF scholastic
opportunity to women who desire to lay
the pedagogic foundations wider and deep
er than they can be laid in normal schools
and high schools. But sociological and in
dustrial conditions in the last decade or TT g.
century are such that the activities OF Cd
ucated women cannot be confined 10 Ire
pedagOgic profession although the lie
will never come when II cannot be truth
fully said that woman is by nature a
teacher. She was designed pre-eminently
for the high calling of directing the f1cul-
ties of childhood in the channels that Will
make them most valuable to the state and
to society than which there is no higher
calling in the departments of human en-
deaVor
But the number OF women who are being
fitted 10 heal the sick and the number who
are being trained 10 interpret the law is
growing larger every year. At this years
commencement exercises at Johns Hopkins
University the attractive feature of the
occasion was a young woman gowned in
black, the first OF her sex TO march in the
So Of dom "a
gree day and the only woman member of
the first class of the Johns Hopkins to
receive the medical degree. The feature Of
the commencement exercises of the college
of law of the Illinois Wesleyan University
was the presence of two young women
graduates the first OF their sex 10 receive
the diploma of this school The time is
doubtless not far distant when a college
that does not admit both sexes TO all de-
partments of learning Will be regarded as
a curiosity of conservatism among eduea-
tional institutions.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1897-07-04

DENTICT DR.. A. E. BUCHANAN
UuV 11U1 1913 When Building.

done with the regiment in line of battle,
supported upon the right and upon the iefI
The case of the TWenty-siXth NofLn caro-
lima was unparalleled in its way. The loss
in that case was incurred in two days
lighting In one company Of the regiment
only three escaped out of the eighty-seven-
T1he charge of the First Maine Heavy Artil-
lery at Petersburg was gallant deed, put
it was a useless sacrifice, loss or 70 per
cent. incurred in seven minutes.
"Over there on Cemetery Ridge, in front
of us and little to the right, the Twenty
fourth Michigan formed six lines OF battle
one after the other. and nine OF It's bearers
were killed while attempting to uphold the
flag at the center of the line.
Gettysburg had it's Balaklava feature
also in the forlorn charge OF Farnsworth
three hundred. who rode TO the mouth OF
the cannon among the powders lying thick
at the base OF Big Round Top, and nnaliy
bursting through a wall of Confederate
bayonets formed across their pathway. In
that last wild dash the noble Farnsworth
received FIVE mortal wounds. Why, America
even had her Win.kelrieds, men who barred
their breasts to the enemy's weapons IN
order TO open pathway for their comrades
to dash through to victory
Now l have told YOU the simple story
Of the First Minnesota, but must leave 1t
TO others to coin phrases worthy that Won
derful feat at arms. 1t was the gifted Ed
of Gettys burg, All time is the melienium
of your glory. This was what Hancock
said OF IT, Hancock, the prince or lighters,
and, like all fighters, not man given to
CUFF:
" L ordered those men in there because
saw that I must gain five minutes time.
Reinforcements We're coming on the run,
but / knew that before they could reach
the threatened point the Confederates, IN,
less checked. would seize the threatened
position ! would have ordered that regt-
ment in II / had known that every man
would be killed 1t had TO be done. and
was glad 10 find such a gallant body Of men
at hand willing to make the terrible sacrl-
fce that the occasion demanded.
The highest personal tribute | can say
is this: l came ont of the war with the
rank Of neld ofhcer a place near the top
that commission could / replace it among
my lares and perates with an honorable
discharge as private In the First Min-
nesota Volunteers. M
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1897-07-04
0. Flower, in July Arena.

3. O. Flower in July Arena.
Another striking illustration of Ruskin's
upselfisbness is seen In the manner in
which ne has disposed Of his fortune. which
at the time of his fathers death amounted
TO a million dollars. With this money he
set about doing good. Poor young men and
women who Were struggling TO obtain an
education We're helped, homes for working
men and women We're established, and
model apartment houses We're erected. He
also promoted q work for retaining waste
land outside Of London. This land was
used for the aid of unfortunate men who
wished To rise again from the state into
which they had fallen through cruel social
conditions and their own Weaknesses. 1t
is said that this work suggested TO General
Booth his colonization farms. Ruskin has
also ever been liberal in aiding poor artists.
and has done much TO encourage the artis-
tic taste among the young. on one occa-
sion he purchased ten fine water-Color
paintings by Holman Hunt for S. $50, 10 be
hung in public schools OF London.
BY 1877 he had disposed OF three-fourths
of his inheritance, besides all the income
from his books. But the calls of the poor
and the plans which he wished to put into
operation looking toward educating and
ennobling the toilers and giving 10 their
gloomy lives something more of sunshine
and joy. were such that he determined TO
dispose of all the remainder Of his wealth
except q sum sufficient TO yield him ST. 500
~ year on which 70 live.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1897-07-04

her wealth is now, after thirty years, five
times what it was then. All that skill and
industry, art and nature. had accumulated
since John Smith and the Vrginians
starved at jamestown in 1907, all that 253
years had brought into existence in 1850,
has been multiplied ivefold in the thirty
seven years which have followed 1860. This
is the gift which the Father of men, whom
they call the God of nature, gives to His
children when they do their duty, when
they govern themselves.
The lesson Of the centuries is the eternal
lesson 1t is not gold. nor silver, nor brass
nor lead, nor iron, which makes success. 1t
is truth, honor and justice. 1t is faith,
hope and love 1t is, as this forgotten able
said, on the virtues of mankind and the
freedom of mankind that the future of
mankind is to be builded
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1897-07-04

as a souvenir of the most glorious bit of
1alor I ever witnessed. The names show
4 sprinkling of foreigners in the ranks,
Germans and Irishmen,. but
he majority were young fellows from
eighteen to twenty-five years and born on
American SOIL
The Jewish South. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1893-1899, 1897-06-11

desperate and r-quires heroic treatment. Des-
perate is it. because the of the evil is Within
but beyond and behind him
If only this Jew could be brought out of his reig-
ious automatism and made to his intellect, there
to believe that the Pickering embers of the
religion still existent within him would become famed
into flame sufficiently bright to make his Jud lis
active principle. Having had the misfortune of
being born in a home where religious duties played
a minor role, this individual, in his manhood days,
but dimy remembers certain occasions when it was
meet to go to the temple and thther he repairs when
the remembered occasions roll around, guided not by
and will but in sheer force of himself, by
stinct But is this Jew to be blamed because of his
puere religious ieebleness? Should not rather all
opprobrium be reserved for the home the real
Of the disease? It is seldom that the child traiied
up in the way he should go departs therefrom.-IIe
brew Union College Journal
The Jewish South. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1893-1899, 1897-06-11
che Urilbp" Excursions.

There is question that the favorite "Trilby, as
the Sunday excursion train for Norfolk and the sea-
side run by Messrs Niche & Adams over the Norfolk
and Western is called still holds it's place in the
gard of excursonists.
Sunday morning six carloads of people went on
the initial trip of the " Trby' for 1897 to Norfolk
Virginia Beach, and Ocean View leaving here at $50
A. NJ, and all of the $50 passengers came back at
1915 P. M. refreshed and pleased with their outing
Messrs. Niche & Adams gave personal attention
to their patrons, and interest awakened in the
fact that this the first train running through
from Richmond to Virginia Beach via the new stand
ard guage railroad from Norfolk to the ocean
The Jewish South. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1893-1899, 1897-06-11
The JEWISH SOUTH.

give them strength to bear their great bereavement
and may He console them He only and alone
Resolved, That copy of these resolutions be sent
to the family, and copy forwarded to THE JEWISH
SOUTH for publication.
Mrs. AMELIA HELLER,
Mrs SAM CoHEN Mrs. AMELIA BoTTIGHEIMER
Chairman Miss ELLA KRAKER
Attest: Committee
Miss FANNIE MIcHELBAcHER,
Secretary and Treasurer.
The Jewish South. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1893-1899, 1897-06-11
nicRnames Of Presidents.

Washington nicknamed the Father of His
Country. Americas Fabus, the Cncnnatus of the
West, Atlas Of America, Lovely Seorgius "a
tic nickname applied by the English soldiery) Flower
of the Forest, Deliverer of America, Stepather of
His Country (applied by bitter opponents during his
presidency and Savior of His Country; Adams was
ncknamed Colossus of independence, Jefferson Sage
of Monticello and Long Tom; Madison, Father of
the Constitutions Monroe, Last Cooked Hat; ]. 9.
Adams, Old Man Eloquent; Jackson Old Hickory,
Big Knife and Sharp Knife, Hero of New Orleans,
Gin'ral and Old Hero Van Buren, Little Magi-
clan, Wizard of Undertook, Follower in the Foot
prints, Whskey Van and King Martin; the first
Harrison, Tippecanoe, Old Tip and Washington of
the West; Tyler, Young Hickory and Accidental
President; Polk, Young Hickory; Taylor, Rough and
Ready, Old Buena Vista and Old lack Fillmore the
American Louis Philippe Pierce, Purse; Buchanan,
Old Probationary Bachelor President and Old Buck.
st Louis Globe Democrat.
The Jewish South. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1893-1899, 1897-06-11

THE Empress Of Germany seems far more kindly
disposed towards the members of the Hebrew faith
than to Roman Catholics Whereas, some time ago,
when asked by Roman Catholic r"hbshop to give
her patronage to some phllanthropical enterprise
in which he interested she declined on the ground
that she could under circumstances accord her
patronage to his church, she has just given second
of 81 900 from her prvy purse toward the
ton of Jewish synagogue for the Hebrew commu-
nifty of Pankow.
The Jewish South. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1893-1899, 1897-06-11
Che Occasional Sew.

Some of our coreligionsts have well been termed
occasional" Jews, in that they Jews for special
occasions only. Among these are two classes of
some prominence one the ever-present Kaddish
Jew and the other the notorious Election Jew. The
Kaddsh Jew is he who seldom visits the synagogue
or temple, and that only when called upon to do so
by Yahrzeit; and he it is, also, who boasts at
having attended place of worship two consecutive
times unless it be during year of mourning.
The Election Jew has made himself abominably
conspicuous in the last few elections. During the
late preside ntal the secular press daily chroni
cled the organization of this that or the other He
brew political club. Nor there dearth of them
at the spring election The Reform Advocate notices
at length of it's current numbers organiza-
ton of this sort which proven to be nothing
other than weapon of blackmail The leaders
claimed to be able to control the Jewish vote and
thus attempted to gain recognition for themselves.
Their absurd claims at first bore the semblance of re-
ality, but their for only purpose soon be
trayed itself This class has been sufficiently exposed
and discountenanced by our Jewish press.
But not enough has been said of the Kaddsh Jew
Slender indeed is the thread that binds him to his
relgion He is drifting further and further away
day by day, and soon the tension must become too
great and this thread will snap asunder. His is
Goldsboro weekly argus. [volume] (Goldsboro, N.C.) 1885-1909, 1897-12-02
Try
PIN Olas!

Wholesome and appetizing.
The newest and best relish
in the market. They are
positively the finest thing
you have ever seen of the
kind. All who have tried
them pronounce them just
delicious. To be had at
~FONVIELLE'S.
Goldsboro weekly argus. [volume] (Goldsboro, N.C.) 1885-1909, 1897-12-02
No Room for Doubt.

Proof, yes overwhelming proof can
be furnished of the excellent curative
qualities of DIR. Bulls Cough Syrup.
81 caught a cold which led to a cough
and pain in the chest. (pneumonia?)
bought DIR. Bulls Cough Syrup, and
after taking one bottle Of it, the cough
began to disappear when 1 finished
taking the second bottle I was cured.
Gustav Thurmaster, 40 Hickory St.,
Cleveland,O o." DR.. Bulls Cough Syrup
costs but Is cents. Take only Bulls.