The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-10-02

tic colony, OF Ruskn, where they have
plotted out the site Of city TO contain
TO- 900 people. The founder. j. A. Way
land, has removed To Kansas City, with
the parting observation that unless the
people wero held together by religion or
bigotry this experiment would fail.
Signs ara not wanting that his predio-
tion is fulfilling itself. Among other
groups OF colonists in the state are three
hans of religious enthusiasts. the best
known being the "Harristes. of Milan,
about one hundred strong, founded by
Lee Harris, the cowboy preacher. 1t is
their doctrine that, after fasting, they
receive second blessing" and thence
forth do not sin; they merely make
mistakes.
Thomas Hughes, author OF tom
Brown at Rugby" was the founder of
Rugby, flourishing oo-opsrative village,
whore dwell 400 Engishmen In compara-
two plenty. The new branch OF the Nor
mon Church has its headquarters in len
nessee and i20 missionaries are working
among 1000 mountain devotees of that
modern faith. Twenty families of Wal
denses came TO these mountains four
years ago ana have laid out the little city
of Valdese, where yiticulture ana farming
are being carried on.
UTAH, A STATE OF MIND.
The mountains of North Carolina have
several settlements Of Piedmontese in
their recesses. and here another clan of the
"a M
acres held under limited tribal govern.
ment Ibs Shakers of Kentucky have
found congenial haven amopg the hills OF
Mercer County. in the region where
Boone had desperate encounter with the
savage. Hamlets Of German religionists
are situated amorg the mountains OF
Pennsylvania, the scene OF ole Bulls i'll
fated enterprise withs his Swedish coun-
trymen. After undergoing numerous and
unfriendly ylcissitudes the Latter Day
Saints themselves at last pitched their
tents in that great valley of the salt Lake
with the protecting barrier of mountains
about them, and Utah became the most
signal illustration of religious COM
munity in its century. 1t is the state ot
an Idea.
Sometimes the pursuits of civilization
give rise TO settlements temporary in
their purpose, but assimilating as truly
to the community idea rs the Indian viii
lagos that Iise and disappear in the trail
OF the rowing tribes. Such were some o.
the colonies of Hunnish miners in South.
western Pennsylvania who lived in
rude shantes owned by the companies
and recently evacuated by their tenants
In the return movement TO the land of
the Slave Such are the logging camps
Of the Northwest. Such TO a degree is
the now vanishing plantation form of
government in Maine. where the family
was pretty nearly the state, so far as
township was concerned. Such are the
hop pickers' settlements that rsappear
yearly in interior New York. Such are
heart of the deep woods. where
the humble vocation of the negro
turns night into day and whence his
boat makes infrequent trips to the dis
tant market CT New Orleans. Vague ira
ditions OF the pirate holds in the Car
ibbean assign 10 them truly CONNER
cial cuttnroat system of rule, while the
leper colony of Louisiana and the convict
camps of half dozen Southern States
afford som ber illustration of settlements
which need interpose no barrier against
intrusion.
TIES OF BLOOD.
While socialism and religion claim the
larger mum ber of these American reserva-
tions, race and sex have each supplied in
turn the principle of aggregation. Every
Indian tribe is n true community. stand
Ing as the landmark to an ancient form
of society whereof the modern expert
ments are mere copies Under slavery
the quarters" on the large plantations
ropeated some OF the characteristics of
society, and there is now at least one col
ored community III the country where no
white mau need apply. IL is the town Of
Eatonville, in Florida, Inhabited and
governed solely by negroes. Nearly 1000
people dwell there on land set apart for
them by the white residents of the neigh
boring village of Maitland Station and
in orange raising. and truck gardening
they gain "a substantial livelihood.
Some Of the people OF Europe who
have reared communal monuments 10
their blood in the mountain regions
have already bsen cited. The colonies of
tbs sort included Russian ventures in
tended 70 carry out the theories of Tolls
tot; tho Amish farmers of Lancaster
County, Pa, whose primitive worship
terminates weekly with hearty congre
gational feast; tho little settlements Of
Wpndish ptasauts, whose quaint costumes
reflect their ancient life on the Spree; the
Icaran community. founded by Cnbet in
Iowa and bringing 10 q gloomy ond me
homes of 4OO. 0y0 French adherent; to the
doctrines OF this idealist whom Louis
Philippe ndjudged dangerous 20 the peaos
OF the Bourbon throne; tho Amana COM
munity. or Society OF True Inspiration. "a
settlement Of German petists who ahjure
war anu the OATH in the same state, and
which owns nearly the whole Of Iowa
County, takes its meals five times day.
garns its men in blue jeans and it's
women in blue calico, and claims "A fol
lowing of ,. 600 people, tho richest citizens
per capita in the State, and materially
tho most successful OF all cOlonists; the
Swedish community ut Bishop Hill, ILL.,,
which after 1fty years has nearly thou
sand mem bers; the transplanted Acadian
c1lony on Bayou 1eche, La, and the
smaller settlements OF Germans in Mis-
souri, and Oregon.
Nearly oil of the solid successes Of
American communities have been acbiev-
ed where the principle of division was