The Arizona sentinel., 1897-02-27
FRUIT CULTURE.

Fruit production throughout Arizona is Q sub ject great interest at present, and will no doubt be the principal industry in Yuma County The remarkable results that have sprung from very superficial and imperfect culture has de- monstrated that the soil and climate of Yuma County ere peculiarly adapted for this branch of agricultural enterprise. The development of these resources is of the utmost importance and is at tracting careful attention. Experiments have been made, with care, and facts in regard to the culture of different kinds of fruits have been collected which cannot fail to convince even tbe most skept- ical, ofthe wonderful superiority of Yuma County over Southern California in fruit growing, and which must lead to a large and varied production, of the most remuneratve character.
 The Commissioner of Immigration in his report, published in 1888, writes as follows of the rich valleys of the Gila, Colorado and Salt rivers.
 ''The soil of these valleys is among the richest on the continent. It is formed of the detritus which the streams for ages have brought down from their mountain homes in their journey to the sea- By constant orerfows and change of channel, the deposit of this rich vegetable matter has form
 ed soil of extreme fertility, Near the streams it is dark alluvial mold, well adapted to small grains and grasses. Farther back there is rich sandy loam, mellow and porous, and especially favorable for fruit culture. It has been already demonstrated that the productive capacity of these valleys is not surpassed by lands of equal area in any part of the United States So rapid and prolific is the growth of the fruits cereals and vegetables that the labor of the cultivator is reduced to the minimum In nearly all of them two crops year can be growth, and vegetation is one month ahead of California The farmers plants cottonwood sapling before his door, and within the year he has shade tree twenty five feet high. Alfalfa can be cut six times during the season. and 1t is an actual fact the grapecuttings have produced within eigh- teen months! What State or Territory can make such a showing? The climate, it must be remem- bered, is nearly perpetual summer. Snow never falls in these southern valleys. The farmer begins to plant in November, and by the middle of Nay his harvest is ready. Roses are in bloom, fruit trees are blossomng, and the grain fields are sea of green, when the fields of the Eastern farmers are covered with snow and ice.
 Every variety grains grasses, fruits and vege- tables grown in the temperate and semi-tropic zones can. Oe produced in the valleys of Arizona. Wheat, corn barley, oats and all the small grains give yield of from twenty-five to fifty bushels to the acre. Alfalfa, clover, timothy, Bermuda and all the cultivated grasses grow luXuriantly, the former giving from eight to ten tons to the acre each year, Every variety of vegetable raised in the United States can be grown in Arizona, and nowhere arc they found of better quality.
 aBesides the products mentioned, these semi tropical valleys produce cotton, sugar-cane, to- bacco, hemp and rice. With the exception of the sugar-cane but little attention is paid to the cuti- yation of other staples but it has been demonstrat ed that the soil and climate are specially adapted to their successful growth. Cotton-growing is no experiment in Arizona, for it is on record that when the Europeans first penetrated this region, they found the Pima Indians wearing fabrics made of cotton grown in the Gila valley.
 ''But it is their adaptabillty for fruit culture that assures to these valley lands dense popula- tion and aprosperous future. Almost every var ety known can be raised in their fruitful soils. The apple, pear, plum, peach, apricot, quince and nec- tarine, are of delicious flavor, and give gen erous yield. The grape of all varieties iss home in these sunny vales No place in the grape-grow- ing belt of the Pacific Coast can show prolific a yield. The quality is all that could be desired; and the wine, although its manufacture is yet eX- perimental is of fine flavor, delicious bouquet, and unsurpassed by any native product as alable beverage Experiments with the raisin- grape have shown that this climate and soil possess every advantage for the production and curing Of this staple article of commerce.
 ''Besides the fruits already mentioned, the or ange, lemon, lime, olive, fig, pomegranate, and others of the citrus family, be grown success fully in the valleys of Southern Arizona. Orange trees are now in bearing in the Salt River valley and at Yuma while the bananas is also being cuI- tivated at the latter place. The Arizona orange in quality and flavor will compare favoraby with the best California.
 ''In the valleys of the Colorado, the Salt and the Gila rivers there is room for thousands. It is not too much to say that nowhere within the limits of this broad Union can be found a more desirable region for the making of 8 home. No laborious clearing of the land is required; it lies almost ready for the blow. Trees and shrubbery have so rapid a growth that within eighteen months the immigrant can surround his abode with attractions which would require years to mature in less favored climates Fruits ripen and arc ready for market a full month btfore the Csiifornia product The bright sunshine makes life luxury, and the pure, dry atmosphere brings health to all who inhale It.. For the establishment of colonies, such as we have made of Southern California a arden, Arizona presents unri,aled opportunities Thousands Of