The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1897-01-23

circumstances the treaty and the Presf-
! dent : message went to the Senate today.
The II articles constituting the treaty
/ deal with the subjects which are to be
submitted to arbitration and the manner
| in which the couIt OF arbitration ia to be-
! constituted. The language used in en-
| bracing subjects before the court has
been chosen with the greatest care, the
purpose being to make the terms so COM
prehensive that no question can arise
in the ordinary dealings between the two
Governments which will cause a resort
TO war. The article which makes an ex-
ception in the case of an insult to the ma
uonal honor also was so carefully framed
that ordinary questions which to some
extent involve a nations honor could not
be brought within II. In short, the terms
of the II articles are believed by Mr.
olney and Sir Julian to cover every us
ual contingency by which a difference
could arise between the United States
and Great Britain.
Throughout the negotiations the desire
of both the Secretary and ambassador
was to make the language so broad that
when controversy arose IL would be
accompanied by theInevitable knowledge
on both sides of the water than arbitra-
ton, not war. would result.
The selection of King Oscar as n final
arbitrator adds another responsibility to
that monarch as he has been heretofore
chosen in connection with the Venezuela
boundary question. His selection closed
one of the most troublesome features OF
the negotiations. There had been no diff
nculty in arranging that each country
should be represented by three arbitrat-
ors of eminence in its judicial branches.
The question then arose as to how final
decision could be reached with the court
equally divided. Lord Salisbury felt that
the distinguished character of the men
constituting the court would assure free
dom from national prejudice Mr.. Olney
desired to remove every possibility of a
deadlock by having final arbitrator.
who could, in case of tie, cast the con-
Guiding vote. This raised n further
question to the nationality of the
final arbitrator. 1t was felt that I'm JUS
ha ,nf no A a.aV-iDp
Englishman, while II was felt to be
equally DESTROYS that such harmonious
agreement between the two English
speaking nations should not look to q
foreigner for its final determination.
Finally, however, rather than open the
possibility of "a tie and the failure of ar
b1trator, King Oscar was agreed upon in
case the others did not agree in choosing
n final arbitrator. BY this means not
only is arbitration secured. but arbitra-
ton which will be effective and final.
The period of five years was fixed as
the limit of the treaty as means of OBJ
serving the efficacy of the arrangement,
the purpose being to make the treaty
permanent if the five years trial brings
the good results contemplated.
Aside from the agreement made today.
this is felt to offer plan of arbitration
as a substitute for war which will attract
The attention of European powers gener-
ally, and may lead TO further extern
sion of the plan.
The treaty was delivered to the Sen
ate at O'Clock today. Afterward, in ex-
n. transferred
Committee Foreign Relations, and,
without being read, was ordered to be
printed. The Presidents message trans
hitting the document was read.
Senator Morgan suggested that the
treaty should be made public but Sem
ator Sherman, as chairman of the Com
mittee on Foreign Relations, replied that
it should be examined by the committee
to which it had been referred before be-
ing published. This suggestion
cepted, with the understanding that the
m 10 rTiX n
making the treaty known.
Following is the Presidents message
the treaty:
ITO the Senate:
II transmit herewith a treaty for the
arbitration of all matters in difference be-
tween the United States and Great Brit
ain. The provisions of the treaty the
result of long and patient elaboration
and represent concessions made by each
party for the sake of agreement upon the
general scheme. Though the result
cached may not meet the views of the
Idvocates of immediate, unlimited and ir-
arbitration of all international
it is nevertheless conf
Iently believed that the. treaty cannot fail
o be everywhere recognized as making
ong step in the right direction, and
mbodying the practical working of a
ian by which disputes between the two
Countries will reach a peaceful adjust
nent a matter of course and in ordi-
AIRY routine.
I'm the initiation of such an important
movement, it must be expected that some
f it's features will assume a tentative
haracter looking to a further advance,
nd yet it is apparent that the treaty
which has been formulated not only
makes war between the parties to 1t a
emote possibility. but precludes those
ears and rumors of war which of them
elves too often assume the proportions
{ national disaster.
''It is eminently fitting, well as fort
nate that the attempt to accomplish re-
ults so beneficial should be initiated by
inbred peoples, speaking the same ton
ue and Joined together by all the ties
f common traditions, common institu-
ions and common aspirations. The ex-
eminent of substituting civilized meth
DIS for brute force a means of set
ling international questions of right will
hus be tried under the happiest auspices.
Its success ought not to be doubtful,
nd the fact that its ultimate ensuing
euefts are not likely to be limited to the
wo countries Immediately concerned
hould cause it to be promoted all the
more eagerly The example set and the
essen furnished by the successful opera
ion of this treaty are to be felt and
AIKEN to heart sooner or later by other
ations and will thus mark the beginning
f a new epoch in civilization.
Profoundly impressed as / am, there
ore by the promise of transcendent good
which this treaty affords, / do not hest
ate to accompany it's transmission with
he expression of my earnest hope that
may commend itself to the favorable
consideration of the Senate.
GROVER CLEVELAND
Executive Mansion, January II, 1897"
The Alaska boundary question will not,
s expected come before the general ar
itration tribunal No specific reference
5 made to the subject in the treaty, but
is stated that this matter Will be set
led separately. By thus removing the