The daily morning journal and courier., 1897-12-22


 ----------------- ---------------------- ground, ou the solid earth or on level sur race or rock, or upon piles of ranging thu able for foundations Piles Intended for wall, pler or post to rest upon shall not be lgss than six Inches, in diameter at the smallest end, and shall be spaced not more than thirty-siX Inches on ceuters, or nearer 1T required by lhu Inspector of Buildings, ana shAii be driven to solid bearing No pile shall be weighted with Il load CNceed r. ing iorly thousand pounds, The tops of all piles shall be cut on below the lowest water lipc, When required, concrete shall be ram med down In the intcrspaetS between the heads of the piles tU q depth uud thickness Of not less than twelve inches, and for one foot In width outside of the piles, Where ranslng and Gapplng timDers are laiQ on piles for foundations, they shall be of hard wood, not less than six inches thick, and properly joined together and their tops laid below the water line, When crib footinGS level the same shall be entirely coated with coal tar paratllne Varnish, or other suitable preparation, before being placed in position. When footlngs of iron or steel for columns are placed below the water level they shall be similarly coated for preservation against rust Foundation walls shall be construed to include all walls and piers built below the curb level or nearest tier of beams to the curb, to serve as supports for walls, piers, columns, glrders, posts or beams. Foundation walls shall be built of stone or
 
 least eight inches thicker than the wall next above them to q depth of twelve feet below the curb level; and for every addi- tional ten feet, or part thereof deeper, they shall be increased four inches in thickness. If built of brick, they shall be at least four inches thicker than the wall next above curb level; and for every additional ten feet, or part thereof, deeper, they shall be- iu creased four Inches in thickness. The foot Ing or base course shall be of stone or con nlsA Af ur nd St NnI- -iitN brick work, of sufficient thickness and area 10 safely boar the weight to be Imposed thereon; if the footing or base course be of concrete, the concrete shall not be less than twelve inches thick; If of stone, the stones shall not be less than two by three feet. and at least eight inches In thickness for the bottom width of said walls, and not less than ten inches in thickness if under piers, columns or posts, and at least twelve inches wider on all sides than the bottom width Of said piers, columns or posts. All base stones shall be well bedded and laid cross wise, edge to edge If stepped-up footings of brick are used in place of stone above the concrete, the. offsets, If laid in single courses, shall each not exceed one and one half inches, or if laid in double courses shall not exceed three inches, starting with the patchwork covering the entire width of the concrete, So as to properly distribute the load to be imposed thereon. lf in place of continuous foundation wall, Isolated piers are to be built to support the superstrur. ture, where the nature of the ground and the character of the building make 1t neces- s0ry, inverted arches shall be turned be tween the piers, at least twelve inches thick and of the full width of the piers, and rest. ing upon continuous bed of concrete of suf- hcient area, and at least eighteen inches thick; or two footing courses of large stone may DC used, the bottom course to be laid GroSsWise, edge to edge, and the top course laid lengthwise, end to end; or one course or concrete and one course of stone The stone shall not be less than ten inches thick p0pn 2. hp less than eighteen inches thick, and the area of the lower course shall be equal to the area of the base course that would be rc. Quired under continuous wall, and the out side pier shall be secured to the second piers with suitable iron rods and plates, All stone walls twenty-four inches or less in thickness shall have at least one header eX- tending through the wall in every three feet in height from the bottom of the wall, and in every four feet in length, and If over twenty four inches in thickness, shall have one header for every six superficial feet on both sides of the wall, lald on top of each other to bond together, and running into the wall at least two feet, All headers shall be at least eighteen Inches in width and eight inches in thickness, and consist of good flat stones. No stone shall be laid in such walls in any other position than on its natural bed. Before the walls of buildings are car ried up above the foundation walls the eel
 lars shall be connected with the street sew CTS: Should there be no sewer in the street, or If the cellars are below water, or below tho sewer level, then provision shall be made by the owner to prevent water accu- mulating in the cellars to the injury of the foundations.
 Sec. 22. In buildings where the space un- der the sidewalk IS utilized, sufficient stone or brick wall shall be built to retain the roadway of the street, and the side, end or party walls of such building shall extend under the sidewalk of sufficient thickness to such wall. The roofs of all vaults shall be of incombustibe material Openings in the roofs of vaults for the atl- mission of coal or light shall be covered With glass to measure not more than four square inches each, set ill iron frames or with iron covers having rough surface and rabbetted flush with the sidewalk. When areas are cover over iron. or iron and glass combined, stone or other iucom. bustible material shall be used. and sufii- cient strength in such covering shall he pro Vided to insure safety to persons walking on the same, and to carry the loads which may be placed thereon. Open areas shall be properly protected with suitable railings See. 23, The walls of all dwelling houses, whether called tenement house, apartment houses, flats. hotels or other buildings which are 10 be used for residence purposes, and also school buildings. twenty-siX feet or less in width between bearing walls, shall not be less in thickness than the number of inches given in the following table: