New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-04-25

1.ton as this But the sparks will not oisep
near unless the make" and break occur al
precisely the right instant; and thus siii'p.o
and valuable guide is afforded the operator III
adjusting his apparatus. When ne mus '"a'
sparklnc has ceased he knows that DIS tran7
roitter interrupts and restores the how a' 'i'o
..-o stare and is working in perfect harmony
with the particular frequency or aterhatioN cur
r1ove6 The performance OF the instrument
-, .ho, be "svnchronous" with that OF the
DYNAMO or generator. Hence sucn telesidpH
-, ,ronerlv he called a "synchronogrdph In
Co.. tbet {. the name adopted by Messrs Squler
and Crehore.
Vow. let us suppose that the Morse ALPHABET
which Is composed Of dots and dashes, IS 70 Do
tried with this system. In That case dream
lasting from the beginning Of positive wave
until its end might stand FOR me uo'' anu
break from the beginning Of positive wave
brt continuing past It's subsistence through 'he
rico and fall Of the negative wave also' WouIo
,nake a dash OF course 1t does not 'ha''e'
,bether the interruption occurs at the pes'h''iis
y, a. cositive or Of a negative wave Inc Only
so,,,o,s era that II shall begin at a zero stage
and shall last Just half cycle or ""oie
"cvc,e" II takes a positive and negative wave
1850, % roaro q cycle. From these statements
an. viu readilv infer that the length or the
s,ao.s bctween dots and dashes or combinations
,bsrao, must also be either half cycle or some
,orl,lyla thereof In most Of the experiments
described In Lieutenant Squier's story the Con-
,inental code was used. In this two oots arr
used IN place OF the dash Of the Morse aiphaOe'
But the principles involved are Identical
NOW THE MESSAGES ARE SENT
Tho machine by which messages are sent WIN
a, alternating current, Is very simple. mar
row wheel with a fat narrow periphery Is KEEP.
IN rotation at rate which is rapid ana Is equ"i
70 nm intorer number Of cycles Tina, 10 10 say
when the time required for revolution Is III
y,dod by the length OF one cycle. there must De
m fraction remaining. The quotlent must De d
whole number. like 40. This relation between
TIE two can be maintained accurately by drN-
ing the wheel with gearing. either oirecuy from
the DYNAMO which operates the current Of what
,s mora nrac,Icoble an alternating curren: motor
operated by the very electricity useo III 'eie
graphipc Let us imagine now, that the wire
,ar,.,i,, N. noeasage is cut in two, and the
adjacent ends are provided with flexible metailf'
tins or "b,1lshes" and that these two brushes
rest side by side on the periphery or the "heei'
Obviously. the current will flow from one orusn
into the metal OF the wheel and thence into 'le
other brush SO long as the wheel remains CREAM
IT, however. a little patch OF paper or other III
sulating material be attached 70 the perlp"ei'
a. a certain point. every tirt it comes around II
Will break the contact bet{ zen one brush ana
the wheel, and thus open TIE circuit AS soon
as the patch is past the connection VIII De re-
stored. -,
This, however was not the exact plan reaIis
pursued. In practice a long. mario" s'r'p %
paper was kept in motion BY the wheel just %
belt Is by pulley. This strip had been pre-
v.ously perforated with holes or oHlefe"N
rengths. long or short and carefully spaced O''e
brush rested on top OF II. and the other Pie"'0
upward against IL from below. the two beins re-
moved a short distance from the wheel anu
situated one directly above the other. 30 io'ie
the brushes were separated by the paper
strip no current would flow, but when hoie per-
nitted one 10 reach through and touch the othcr
the current would be restored. The nterrup-
lions and reservations q. the current always &C
Cured at the zero stage. between positive ana
negative waveg. 50 that 10 sparkling resulted
after the brushes were once adjusted. For con-
venience. in one experiment. the ends Of snort
strip were fastened together precisely like belt
Ing, and the same message Gent over and
over again. The illustration affords some idea
Of the general arrangement The wheel was