davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03

barrel-hoops. The spokes are a cross of
light wood an inch square, halved to-
gether with a piece of half-inch siding
nailed on each side over the joints.
These act as washers and make the
wheel run more smoothly. To keep the
spokes in place nails are driven into
the ends through punched holes in the
hoop. A quarter-inch hole in the CEN
ter to receive the bolt completes the
wheel.
The fork is also made of sticks like
the spokes, with short piece for
handle nailed between. This latter
should be little wider than the hoop
and rounded off at the end.
AS the revolutions of the wheel have
to be counted, it is handy to have one
of the spokes plainly marked. Paint or
a string tied around it will do this. If
smaller divisions than half rods are de-
sired, the spokes indicate eighths of
rod
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
RAILROAD SO MILES LONG.
1t Defies the State of Georgia and the
Railroad COmmission's Order


There is an obdurate little railroad
in Georgia which has not only shown a
disposition to fight all the rest of the
state, but which seems serenely conf
dent that it will win. 1t is only SO miles
long and runs from Dublin to Tennille.
Its name is the Wrightsville & Tennille
railroad, and is especially distinguished
for its prosperity and it's pugnacious
qualities. Last year the cotton grow
ers along the line of this road were
compelled to ship their cotton over the
Georgia Central because the road re-
fused to issue through bills of lading
over any other line. Some of the grow
ers wanted to ship their c8tton over
the Augusta Southern, but the WIights-
vile & Tennille refused to give them
through bills over that line, and made
no pretense to disguise their prefer
ences. The result was that the Georgia
Central got nearly all the cotton and
the Augusta Southern got left.
The matter was carried before the
railroad commission and that body
handed down a decision ordering the
Wrightsville & Tennille railroad to is
sue through bills of lading over all
railroads and not to play any favorites.
The commission also ordered the at
torney-general of the state to begin
proceedings for damages against the
recalcitrant railroad and to try the
issue involved before the state courts.
Attorney-General Terrell has prepared
his case and will go down to Dublin to
try it before Judge Hart. The defense
will be represented by former Senator
A. F. DAILY, of Wrightsville. Not only
is the right of the state to manage its
railroads involved in the trial of the
case, but the interstate commerce COM
mission is interested as well. The line
of the Georgia Central runs entirely
through the state, while the Augusta
Southern line-the destination of both
being Savannah-carries the freight
north to Hamburg and then south over
the Port Royal route through South
Carolina. This brings up the inter-
state commerce commission question,
and not only the railroad people of
Georgia but the cotton growers as well
are deeply interested in the result of
the legal contest.-Atlanta Constitu-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
PLAN FOR A TOOL HOUSE.

the length is nearly twice the width, IA
by 80 feet. Stalls for mowers, rakes,
hoes, ETC., are shown at a and b, each
being about Z by 10 feet. In another
corner is harness and oiling room C,
4 by 71a feet. The work bench, d, has
shelves above and at side of one end is
tool chest e. If the building is two
story, stairs may be placed at +, or
shelves and racks for tools and seeds.
Room for tanning mill is in the center,
as at G. Partition between the stall, ],
may be used as shelves as needed and iii
are corner cupboards or drawers. Stor-
age for plows, cultivators and other
tools is shown at h. A second story
would be handy as lumber room. seed
room, granary, wool room, etc. Four
windows are shown.-H. Z. Partridge,
in Farm and Home.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
MILLIONS IN PRUNES,
Magnitude of One of California.
Newest Industries.

MOS VI OhG VI
Newest Industries.
The magnitude of the prune industry
of California, writes Los Angeles cor
respondent of the Chicago Record, is
little realized by the people of the east
ern states In q, decade the growing of
prunes has gone forward in California
by leaps and bounds, and to-day $780,
100000 is invested in it-that is, in
lands, trees, irrigation systems, agri-
cultural tools and packing houses. Not
withstanding damaging frosts last
spring throughout the lower part of the
San joaquin valley, and all over the
horticultural valleys of Pomona, San
Gabriel and Santa Ana, the total prod
uct of green prunes now on the trees
in this state is estimated at $4,000 tons.
Of this quantity about one-fifth will
be shipped east as green fruit, for sale
at fruit stands and for canning pur-
poses; the remaining four-fifths will be
dried for market, making about 24,OOO
tons of dried prunes.
Ten years ago the total area of bear
ing prune orchards in California was
less than 1000 acres. In 1883 there
were 1000 acres of bearing prune trees
and about 5000 acres more of Young
prune orchards. There was an import
duty of 21a cents pound on dried
prunes in those days, and the growers
sold their crops on the trees for sums
varying from $35 to $50 ton. In 1890
the total area of bearing prune orchards
was 10000 acres, and there was an
enormous planting of prune trees that
year in all of the fruit growing valleys
of California, because of the large profit
in the industry. Twelve thousand acres
of prune orchards were set out in the
winter of 1S9091, and $4,000 acres more
were planted in the next two years.
These orchards have now come into
bearing, and the state board of horticul-
ture finds that there are $4,000 acres of
bearing prune orchards in California
to-day and about 5000 acres more to
come into bearing. Conservative esti-
mates put the total crop of California
prunes in favorable year at not less
than 10000 tons. In few years moro
a full yield of the fruit in California will
be more than 10000 tons of green fruit.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03

AIEdVeI over 0uCn q ROAD Is Anything
But Pleasantly
hauled to market and the load he is
accustomed to see among his American
neighbors.
Contrast such a system of roads with
those of our country, with which all of
us dwelling in a rural community are
80 familiar. The law lays out high
way &C feet wide, but it is rare that
more than 20 feet of this ground are
appropriated for highway purposes
proper. The highway" such as it is,
Is rough and uneven, and the ordinary
wagon passing over it travels through
an inch or two inches of dust in dry
weather and through three or four
inches of bog, very frequently, after
rain of no unusual severity This is
the road on the level. Where hill ex-
lists conditions are even worse, for the
action of rain and snow washes away
the soil at the top of the hill, leaving
the surface covered with the toughest
Of gravel, and transforming the road"
al the foot of the hill into what, after
What wonder, then. that the average
wagon load as we see it in the United
States is so entirely different thing
from that seen abroad! Travel over q
road of this kind is necessarily slow
with any kind of load and as the dis
lance from the farm to the market is
greater by far than in France and Ger
many, the farmer reduces the weight of
his load, that his team may make some
respectable progress without being
worn out during the first few miles of
the trip. Reducing his loads, the farm
er's trips are multiplied in number, and
the result of it is that it requires three
or four times as long to market his crop
as would be consumed on European
highways.
The movement for good roads is con-
tinually and rapidly growing. Every
thinking farmer who has become ia
miliar with the publications of the de-
partment of agriculture becomes at
once an advocate of better highways
and an advocate of better methods in
building them. The American people
have brought their system of water
transportation to high state of perfec-
ton and we are the possessors of sys-
TEN of railroads which is unequaled by
that of any other nation in the world.
1t now looks as if the American people
were seriously turning their attention
to the common country road, and it is
safe to assume that, once the movement
for better highways is led along definite
lines, we shall, before many years, have
asystem of country roads equal in every
way to our water and railway trans
portation acilities.-Cleveland Cycling
Gazette.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
KEEPING CABBAGE.
The Old Plan of Burying in Trenches
No Longer in Use.


The old plan of burying, or putting
cabbage in trenches during winter. or
for winter use, has become obsolete,
and a more simple and easy plan has
been adopted. Where cabbage is grown
on large scale for shipping purposes,
the best plan is to lift the cabbage and
stack them two tiers deep and asclosely
as they can be placed in an orchard, or
wood if convenient. and cover with
leaves to the depth of two or three
inches, the leaves to be kept in place by
a slight covering of earth. In this way
the heads will keep perfectly sound all
winter, and they can be easily taken up
as wanted for shipping.
For family use cabbages can be kept
in the same way. only it will not be
necessary to make the second layer. 1t
is quite important to keep them little
below the freezing point. 1t has been
suggested to keep them in some con-
venient building, but this plan has al
ways resulted in failure, as the dry at
mosphere is fatal; cabbage must be
kept moist and cool, the slightest wilt
ing renders it unfit for the table,
American Gardening.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03

While no kind of grain as feed can SUI
persede corn in cheapness and value,
sorghum is formidable rival to it for
fodder, especially when put up in the
silo. 1t stands drought better, which is
likely to make it popular in the arid
portions of the west, where corn often
fails. The sorghum has too tough
stalk to feed green, but when cut and
put in the silo there is enough fermen-
tation to soften the stalks so that they
can be eaten. The sweetness of the
sorghum furnishes carbonaceous nutri-
ment just as does the starch of corn
grain, and in even more palatable form.
Wherever cane sugar is made in the
south the worl1men who attend the
grinding always grow fat from the
sugar they eat.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03

Pigs, during growth, should be fed Oh
feeds of muscle-making kind. A mix
ture of ground corn, oats and shorts
with a small proportion of old process
oil meal, makes good combination.
mixed in such proportions as suits the
feeders fancy. The mixture should be
soaked from one feed to the next, or
wet up when fed. If soaked from one
iced to another care must be taken not
to let it ferment or sour. This kind Of
feed may be fed Until the new crop Of
corn is ready. Care must be taken and
make gradual change; although hogs
at no time should be permitted to de-
pend upon ration of corn alone
Rural World.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
-.5zszR ROAD
t1sissn >,-; { } ssS
IMPROVEMENT:
ECONOMY IN HAULING.

ads and Roads in Europe and in
the United States.
An American farmer visiting France
I'd Germany will certainly be inter-
ted, and perhaps somewhat amazed,
so see the average country highways as
here existing-broad, smooth road
tays, splendidly surfaced with stone,
suitable for heavy traffic in all kinds of
heather, and generally lined on both
hes with tall, stately trees, shading
be highway like park driveway. He
Bould wonder at the money which had
been spent upon them. With solid
hone roadway, on which an ordinary
lEagon tire would make no impression.
q is not to be wondered at that three
Ind four tons of produce should be
oaded upon an ordinary farm wagon,
which is there built with tires four or
kix inches wide. A French load of hay,
approaching our American farmer
from a distance, would bring to his
mind a vision as of moving hay stack
such great difference is there be-
tween the ordinary load of hay as there
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
How to Fntten Dry Cows.

The most good we ever got out of
pumpkins was to take a dry cow we
wanted to fat, tie her in the barn and
give her all she would eat and she would
beem to fat very fast. Then sell her to
the meat man; don't kill her yourself.
Our method of feeding western feeds
is to purchase that kind that viii, with
the kind we have, bring the ration up
to one of protein to four of carbohy-
drates, and that is generally largely
cotton seed with some shorts.-R. w.
Ellis, in Farm News.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
POULTRY IN ORCHARDS.
Fowls Do Good Service in Two Very
Distinct ways.


Mr.. Tegetmeier, the famous English
authority on poultry, in commenting on
report of the Rhode Island experiment
station regarding the value of fowls to
orchards, says: For many years have
advocated the introduction of poultry
into apple orchards, malntaiRing that
they do good service, in two very dis
tinct modes-frst, by manuring the
ground, and, secondly, by the destruc-
ton of insects and grubs that hiber-
nate in the soil.
The apple maggot appears to be ex-
tending in America, attacking the favor
lite Baldwin, which is so well known
as being imported largely into this
country, and rendering it entirely UNI
fit for use, but the spraying the trees
with Bordeaux mixture and Paris green
has appeared to prevent all serious at
lacks of this insect.
In the mature state this insect is
ny, which deposits its eggs in the pulp
OF the apple beneath the skin. The
young maggots grow within the fruit,
which they render worthless, and when
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03

AS much of the flavor of butter is
strongly brought out in the sailing of
the same, it is therefore greatly to the
financial value of the butter to salt with
only the best salt, which has been kept
in cool pure place. The value of salt,
aside from its pureness, largely depends
upon the dissolving Of the crystals
the length of time it takes. We should
keep this in mind in buying salts for the
creamery.-Dakota Field and Farm.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
HUMOROUS.

Entitled to the Name.-"Why is
golf called an amusement?" Because
it is such fun for the people who look
on."-Chicago Record.
-She-'So you don't like the hat
Just in front of us? How would you
like it trimmed?" He (savagely)-
with lawn mower."-Tit-Bits
An Exception.-Catesby-"All the
world loves a lover" Hawkins Gust
reiected)-"An but the girl the lover
Observation-Disclosures North American.
Hit am er unfawchnit fack," said
Uncle Eben, dat de more reason man
hab fob Indignation de less comfort he's
gwinter git out of it."-Washington
Star.
The First Fire.-"And now, chill
dren, can you tefl me how the blazing
sword got there? You may answer,
Willie" "Please, ma'am, | guess it
caught when Adam got fired."-Cleve-
land Plain Dealer.
That machine, judge" said the
victim of the bicycle thief. was the
finest on the market" "Stop!" cried
the Judge. I'm fine you five pounds
for contempt This court rides the
finest wheel on the market. "-Tit-Bits.
"A Medical View.-"Physicians as
rule, are bitterly down on the hard
times" For what special reason"
''They say people have had to eat such
plain food that they are too healthy
to be ng."-Detroit Free Press.
His Retort.-"The apparel oft pro-
claims the man." she quoted. 1.-The
lack of it the woman" he added; and as
she happened to be in ball gown at
the time she naturally considered the
remark personal. = Chicago Evening
Post.
I'm Chicago. = Insurance Agent
'sYou want the policy made out in IA
vor of your wife? Her name, please"
The Victim-Don't you think we'd bet
ter leave the name out? 1t will save
so much trouble from time to time, you
know."-Boston Transcript.
-Fuddy-"Did you hear of the ter
rible accident that happened to DanbyP
His injuries were so serious that his
most intimate friends are unable to
recognize him." Duddy-"Terrible ac-
cident? Railroad collision? Fall of an
elevator?" Fuddy-"Worse. He has
lost all his money."-Boston Transcript.
Hard Face.
The ustomer-Confound you. you
have cut my cheek.
The Barber-By Jove, so l have. l
....raorinr what had taken the
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
WINTER OAIRYlNG.
1t Pays Wei, But Requires Careful
Attention to Details.

When convenient to a good market a
better profit can be realized from win;er
dairying than in summer. There is
better demand for milk and butter, and
if care is taken to produce a good article
a better price can be realized. But it is
not advisable to go into the business
haphazard. The desire to change from
one thing to another is prevailing one
with the American farmer. First one
thing is tried and then another, and
often there is a shifting that is profit
less. While there are circumstances
that often make it necessary or desir-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
FARM TOOL HOUSE.
Every Vegetable and Fruit Farmer
Should Have One,

NVeFy VegethbIe md Fruit Farmer
Should Have One.
The plan of farm tool house, as SUBJ
mitted herewith, is planned for IA or Is
by 80 feet, but the proportions can be
made to suit the convenience of any
farm or yard. Sometimes IA or even
16 foot timber can be secured easier
than Is foot and such will do equally as
well. In many places such a building
can be built on a side hill, and second
story added, the rear opening level with
the ground. 1t may also be built on
posts, but should have sills at the ends
to keep from spreading. In this plan
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
GOOD LAND MEASURE.
This Handy COntrivnnce May BE Used
by One Person.

ITS HHstHU! OUHIEINHHCt NIHy DC UbtU
by One Person.
When measuring land it is sometimes
necessary or desirable to do the work
more accurately than it can be done by
pacing. The accompanying cut from
the Farm and Fireside, shows u land
measure which can be used by one per-
son to better advantage than chain or
rope by two. The wheel measures just
81 feet, or half a rod in circumference,
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
a FINE ASSORTMENT AND AT THE Low Esl
PRICES.
A DMINIsTRAToRs NOTICE.

A ADMINISTRATORS NOTICE.
This is TO give notice, that the subscriber has
obtained from the Orphans Court of Freder
lex County, Maryland, letters Of administra-
ton upon the estate of
WILLIAM T. LINTHICUM,
late Of Frede rick County, deceased. All per-
sons having claims against the said deceased
are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with
the vouchers thereof legally authenticated to
the subscribers, on or before the 18th DAY Of
March, 1898; they may otherwise by law be
excluded from all benefits of said estate
All persons Indebted to the deceased are re-
Quested TO make immediate payment.
Given under my hand this 18th day of
August, 1897.
JOHN w. LINTHICUM,
aug cost. Administrator.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03
NOTICE
NOTICE.
sept Att

The attention of parents and teachers is call
ed to the law which requires that all children
Shall have been duly vaccinated before being
received in any school.
The provisions of the Act include all schools,
whether public or private, and although IL is
believed that Il has been rather better OBJ
served In this county than In many others OF
the State, yet in the considerable proportion
of instances Il has been disregarded or evaded.
Although there does not exist ut the present
time single known case of smallpox within
the limits OF the state, yet II has prevailed in
the United States in a far greater number Of
localities than Is usual at this season of the
year, and may at any time make its appear.
ance in this county.
The law has made fair provision for the com
pensation to physicians for saccinating those
whose means render 1t difficult to pay the
usual fee for such services, and pure and relia-
bievaccine matteecan begratuitously procured
ssom DR.. Yeackle, State Vaccine Agent, at Bal.
timore.
Under these circumstances IL Is hoped and
believed that the law will be more vigorously
observed without necessitating the enforce
ment of the penalty attached TO Its disregard
VIM. h BALTZELI., NJ. D.,
sep.2-tf County Health Oficer.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-09-03

The Customer-Confound you. you
have cut my cheek.
The Barber-By Jove, so / have. l
was wondering what had taken the
edge off my razor.-Tit-Bits.
Evening journal., 1897-04-10

His unusual talent soon brought him
reputation and prominence among his
professional brethren. First he was
elected to the professorship Of anat-
omy and surgery in the Vermont Uni
versity. Next he was appointed lee
turer on ma r!- medica and medical
botany in Dartmouth College. The next
year he was chosen professor Of the
chair then vacated by Prof. Robby, and
occupied the chair. the most important
one in the country. at the time when
he first formulated his most remark
able prescription.
In view Of the overwhelming testi-
mony to the value Of Paines celery
compound that has recently appeared
from men and women of national repu-
tation, the picture Of Prof. Phelps is
particularly interesting.
The fact is, Paine's celery compound
is not a patent medicine; it is not a sar-
saparilla; it is not mere tonic; it is
not an ordinary nervine-it is as far be-
yond them all as the diamond is SUI
porior to cheap glass.
IL makes people well. 1t IS the one
! true specific recognized and prescribed
to-day by eminent practitioners fOI
/ diseases arising from a dehilitated ner-
vCus system. Prof. Phelps gave to his
Evening journal., 1897-04-10

Excepting its handful of magnif-
cent statesmen and its military he
roes.' says the most recent writer
upon America, the people owe more
to Dartmouths physician-teacher than
to any one man.
In every walk Of life, among tho
highest office-holders at Washington,
in the homes of the best people in the
large cities, among the every day folks
of the country, families in comfortable
circumstances, families that live from
hand to mouth and could not, If they
wished, afford the services Of any but
an ordinary NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. /
have met people to whom Paine's Gel
cry compound has been a blessing
The story Of the life-work Of this
giant among men has been often told
and is familiar to most readers. Thc
likeness above is probably the best por-
trait of him yet printed
It was the world-famed discovery by
Professor Phelps of an infallible cure
for those fearful ills that result from
an impaired nervous system and i'm
pure blood which has endeared the
great doctor to the world, and made his
life on era in the practice Of medicine
Prof. Phelps was born in Connect
cut and graduated in medicine at Yale
Evening journal., 1897-04-10

profession a positive cure for sleep
lessness, wasting strength, dyspepsia,
biliousness, liver complaint, neuralgia,
rheumatism, all nervous diseases and
kidney troubles. For all such COM
plants Paine's celery compound has
succeeded again and again where
everything else has failed.
No remedy was ever so highly rec
commended, because none ever accom-
plished so much.
To-day Paine's celery compound
stands without competition for feeding
exhausted nerves and building up the
strength Of the body. 1t cures radi-
cally and permanently. The nervous
prostration and general debility from
which thousands OF women suffer SC
long that it finally gets to be a second
nature with them-all this suffering
and dependency can be very soon re-
moved by properly feeding the nerves
and replacing the unhealthy blood by
a fresher, more highly vitalized fluid
A healthy increase in appetite and q
CORE spending gain in weight and gooc
spirits follow the use OF Paine's celery
compound.
Paine's celery compound is the mos
remarkable medical achievement oi
this last half Of the nineteenth century