Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1897-12-30

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on the terrible footing 81 war. 70 Which
Ia recognition Of belligerency
Would Aim to Elevate II.
The contest, moreover. is solely on landi
the insurrectlon has not possessed itself
| Of e single seaport, whence 1t may send
communication with foreign powers. ex-
cept through the military lines Of its ad q,
cipitate upon the vessels both commercial
and nattona and upon the c., consula d.6 am
ton of their relations to the parties to
the contest. Considered as question Of
regard the Of
premature, as regard to be, at present,
1ndefensible, in measure Of right.
eecofdg tho rs weh
1t difficult and complicated duties and re-
auire the. exaction from the contending
Fights and Obligations It eonfers the
right of search upon the high seas by
vessels Of both parties; it, would subject
war. which now may be transported free:
ly and without interruption. in vessels of
the United. States to detention and to
lease the parent government from re-
sponsbility for acts done by the ,i insu r.
right to exercise the supervision recog
nized by our treaty of 1895 over our com.
merce on the seas, a very large part OF
and the Gulf States and between all of
them and the states on the Pacific,
passes through the waters which wash ash
supervision could scarce fail to- lead, II
not to abuses, certainly to collisions per-
ilous to the peaceful relations a OF the two 70
what result supervision would before long
draw this nation. 1t would be unworthy
Of the United States t to m the
any indirection."
to the OF
its inconvenience and positive dangers,
still further pertinent considerations ap-
thing 5ne as e0ae q naked reeogaion Of
belligerancy. unaccompanied by the as
sumption of
International Neutrality.
Such recognition without more will
noe confer upon either party to
domestic conflict a status not
heretofore, actually possessed or at
states. The act of recognition usually
takes the form of solemn proclamation of
neutrality which recites the de fac ,i con- l.
dition of belligerancy as its motive. II
ANNOUNCES. domestic law on neutrality
in the declaring state. 1t assumes inter
o5gationhs o OF sa,t nsu af van
warns all citizens and others within the
jurisdiction Of the proclaimant that they
their own peril and cannot expect to ~ be
right of visit and search on the seas and
band of war and good prize under admir-
atty law must under international law be
admitted as legitimate consequence OF a
eopdiag the equal beiiigerant rights de-
fined by public law to each party In our
ports disfavors would be imposed on
weigh heavily in behalf of Spain, herself
Possessing a navy and controlling the
ports Of Cuba, her maratme rights could
vestment of the island, but up to the
margin of our own territorial waters.
and condition of things would you'd exist xls, d Tor
main could not hope to create parallel;
while its crea ton through the aid or sym n
pathy from, within our domain would th pc pc
neutrality we would perforce assume:
on are sn code Of neutrality would only be
influential within our jurisdiction by land
and sea- and Applicable a'a by our to tga
United States no jurisdiction between
Spain and the insurgents. It would give
the United States no right OF intervs1 thIm
the paramount authority o. Spain accord
ing to the international code Of war to,1 For or
these reasons, regard the recognition gnonn OF I
the hellgereney OF the Gaoaa inadmiss
BE. Should that step hereafter be
deemed wise as measure Of right and
duty the executive will take 1t.
Lux" Naturalization Grounds
has been frequently suggested and MAJ, has
not failed to receive my MOST ,+ as nhn1d
such step be. now. taken when it is ap-
parent that hopeful change has super.
yened in the policy Of Spain toward Gaoa ~
the mother country. It is pledged in ad-
vance to. the declaration that all the
In the IN we Gupa bY The that
vague promises Of reform after subjuga-
ton afford 20 solution Of the insular
past system Of warfare for one in har-
mony with new policy which shall no
horrible alternative Of taking to the
thicket or succumhing in misery" that
reforms must be instituted In accordance
time and that these refor ms, while de-
signed to give full autonomy to the col
ony and create a virtual entity. and self
| controlled administration, shall yet con-
serve and affirm the sovereignty Of Spain
by distribution of powers and burdens
basis g Of mtqai
The first acts of the nsw government
Of cruel rapine and determination that
so long shocked the universal sentiment
Of humanity has been reversed. Under
the new military. commander broad
ciemency Is proNered. Measures have
already been set on foot to relieve the
horrors of starvation. The power Of the
Spanish armies 1t is asserted is to be
US ID not to spread ruin and desolation
but to protect the resumption Of peaceful
agricultural pursuits and productive in
dustries. That past methods are futile
tc force peace by subjugation is freely
admitted and that ruin without concilia-
ton must inevitably fail to win for Spain
the fidelity of cortented dependency.
DEGREES in application of the foreshad-
owed reforms have already been promul-
gated The full text of these DEGREES has
not been received. but as furnished in a