davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
SAVED BIZ EST.
Wynn or Haverhin Meets . Friend who Tries
TO Rob Him.

Wynn or Haverhin Meets . Friend who Tries
to Rob Him.
John Flynn, a shoemaker of 272 Essex street,
Haverhill. Mass, came to New York to see the
city and the elephant q week ago. He went to
Coney Island and got drunk quickly and stayed
20. On Saturday he met Frank Herman, SO
years old, a waiter. claiming Boston as his
home. and the two camo to New York together.
At IL O'Clock that night they went to q hotel on
the Bowery and ordered drinks. Edward A.
Lee. the manager. ordered the bartender not to
serve Flynn any liquor and Flynn sat down at a
table and slept. Herman had q drink and then
Lee saw Herman walk over to the sleeping
Flynn and take some money out Of his pocket.
As Herman started to leave the store, Lee
grabbed him and yelled for police. Detective
Calvin of Inspector Thompson's staff was pass
ing the place on a cable car and ran into the
saloon. He recognized Herman as a man he
had arrested for larceny three years ago.
Herman tried to slip the money back into
him. A fight ensued and Calvin knocked Herr
man down and arrested him. In his hand he
held the $40 he had taken from Flynn. Calvin
took Flynn also to the station on a charge OF in
toxication. When Flynn was searched a loaded
revolver and two bankbooks calling for 81. 900
were found. IN additional charge of carrying
concealed weapons was placed against Flynn.
Flynn at first thought he was still at Coney
Island when srraigned In Centre Street. Court
for being drunk and $40 for carrying the pistol
In order that he would be held to appear against
Herman, whom the Magistrate held in 81, 200
bail for trial.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
THE sUsAR BEET INDUSTRY.
Tests to ne Made on = LarEe scale on YARNS In
WestneIu, N. n,


Westaeld, n. Y.
wEsrFIELD, N. V, June 8.-The Board Of
Trade of this town has decided TO take hold Of
the sugar beet raising business on a largo scale,
with the idea of making II one Of tho chief In
dustries OF the western part OF the State. Tho
Legislature this yoar passed a bill appropriating
S25, 900 as a bounty TO DO paid out to sugar beet
growers, and the price of sugar bcets has I'D
vanced from - to S5 already. The Board of
Trade here has obtained seeds enough for extern
sive tests on at least a hundred farms. These
tests arc to find II the land on tho farms 10
adaptable to the sugar beet, and, II they are sue
~cessful, the farmers will next year go into tho
business of raising tho beets for market. Tho
Board Of Trade will take the necessary steps to
the location OF a sugar beet factory In
this town.
In addition to the experiments to be made by
the farmers, H. 1. Kent, a member OF the Board
Of Trade, win himself carry on some tests under
the direction of the State Department OF ARri-
culture. He has two pieces Of land, each con-
tanning a quarter OF an acre. One of them is In
tirely under the direction Of the State Board.
This Is the grape-growing section of the State,
and up TO o few years ago the price Of grapes
made, that business very profitable. But the
q hardly bread and butter In grape growing. It
has become absolutely necessary for the farmers
TO run some Other business in connection with
the grape growing. As an average crop ofsugar
they can t be- disposed ptass Of 81 f els IS a tons ton, x there as1S %;o SId
appear to DO a mint in tho business, and the san
Ruine farmers arc already figuring what they
will do with their profits when they get them.
land say that they are very sure that sugar beets
can be grown on IL p~roftably.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07

Surplus e,ole.l 100 s45. $50. s2S Dec. o. ,sss. a76
surplus q year ago was $1s,4s6, 800. and
years ago 939, 667. 800.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
dividends and 3nterest.


NFW IOKk, May IN, TSVI.
A quarterly dividend Of N y ONE.QrARTER
1I4I FER CENT. on the capital stock of this Company
will h. paid at the onice uf the Company. 2l Cort-
landt st, in thl- city. on and after Tuesday. June Is,
1877. The transfer books will he closed from the
close Of business to-day until the morning OF WedneS
day. June ~. 1901.
by order Of tho Hoard Of Manager.
CHARLES A. WALKER Treasurer.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07

81 La BretaEne, Rupe. Hayre May go.
s. Barbarossa, Richter, southampton May go.
Sc Arthur Head. Lenrard, Malta.
So Tartar Prince. Tregarthen, Rio Janeiro.
30 orsino. Evans Gibraltar.
Sc Antilia. Montell. Nassau, y. r.
IS strathAirly, Coulthurst, swansea.
IS u ansas Oily. PtAher. Savannah.
ss jamestown, Hulphers. Norfolk.
Sd MatteAwan, Beynon. Baltimore.
Sc Benefactor. Townsend. Philadelphia
Ifor later arrivals see First PagO.l
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
Sprftal gutires.
New publications.

CARPET CL.RANslNGt the c. II. Brown 90,
eel +. 3sth st.; tele., 1891 8sth; altering and ~relaying.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
Wheeling and Lake Erie RWay.
ORGANlZATIO


The Reorganization Committe announces that N
has received deposits OF nearly all OF the consolidated
Mortgage 4 h cent. Bonds OF the wheeling and Lake
Erie Railway Co., and has in preparation n Plan Of
Reorganization embracing all interests.
The Committee invites holders OF FIRST MORT
GAGE BONDS OF 1909 LAKE ERIE DE-
WISDOM, and also OF FIRST MORTGAGE
BONDS OF 1895 WHEELING DIVISION. to
make deposit OF the same for mutual protection, with
II MERCANTILE TRUST CO.. which will issue
negotiable receipts therefor. under an agreement
copies OF which will be furnished on application.
New York, April I, 1897.
LOUIS FITZGERALD.
WILLIAM l.. BULL.
DUNCAN ID. ARMLY
}. NNE TOD.
GRRNvILLE M. DODGE
EDWARD y. GIBBs,
Reorganization COMMITTEES
JOHN F. DILLON, c,,.,
ALMoN GOODWIN, e'"""
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
slashed Ilis steprathor.

Lawrence Mallette OF 5s Mallory avenue, Jersey
City. undertook yesterday afternoon to chastise
his l9-year-Old stepson, William Kelly, for some
offence. The boy slashed him In the left cheek
with a knife and then ran out Of the house and
0sCapod.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
proposals.


10 coNTRACToRS. ~ 10y"
Ing Work Required FOR The Electric light Plant for
the Criminal Court Building. on the Block Bounded
snant TO Chapter 87i. Laws of 1887, and as
H"1Go !, M by Che G 6sIa p.:.msss g, q ,ss Sinking
sEALED ESTIMATES for the above work. indorsed
or ~i pet ~ mnkins The as same and the date Of it%psr a nsrsps
ton. will he received at the ONCE OF tho Comptroller,
BHiidins 80, ESQ Broadway, in the City Of New York.
until ~ O'Clock NJ, wednesday, June 9th. 1897. ~
by and in the presence OF the Commissioner of the
sinking Fund and read and the award Of the. con
with adequate security as soon thereafter as
practicable,
the Department Of Public Works. with the sureties
within nv. days from the date OF tho service OF a
notice 10 that effect and ln case Of failurc, or neglect
abandoned II, and as In default 10 the Corporation.
and thereupOn the work shall I've readvertised and ro-
let, and so on until the contract be- accepted and cxo-
Snted, the work !" conncnre nt such time as tho
B,-pernission will not DO given for tho with
drawal OF any hid or estimate. No bid Will In aG-
Is In arrears To the Corporation uron debt or contract,
or who y a dcfsulter, a. surety or otherwise. upon
The entire work 10 he completed within NINETY
DAYS after The notire to comIncnrs woIE has been
The amount Of security required Is fi"FTEENTHou'
Blank form Of estimates. and further information.
n desired. AlSo III" form Of agreement. including tho
specifications for the work, can he obtained at onlcO
OF The Comptroller. 80. ESQ broadway.
For full information see city Record.
NEW YORK, May 20, 1901
WILLIAM l.. STRONG
Mayor;
JON ". GOFF,
Recorder;
ASHBEL +. FITCH. Commissioners
Comptroller; OF the
ANSON O. McCOOK. Sinking FunA,
Chamberlain;
o T. OAKLEY, II
Chairman on Finance, ~
Board OF AldsEmSAI
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
MARINE INTELLIGE HCE.

IMMATURE ALaASAC-THts DAY.
Sun rises. 80. 4 80 sun SETS. z rs Moon sets. A. N.
HIGH wATER-THrs DAY.
Sandy Hook. IL 10 Gov. Isld. l2 10 He'll Gate. ~
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
pICT1M OF 4 BARRooM BR4WL.
John HgcNaliy says He Does Not Know VIII
Stabbed Him.

At 1:3o A. NJ. yesterday 4 policeman found
John Mentally, % years old. OF 500 Grand
street. Jersey City, lying at Montgomery and
Colgate streets with a severe stab wound in the
left leg Just below the groin. McNally was
greatly weakened by loss OF blood and had al
most lost conscIousness: He revived at the City
Hospital and declared that he did not know how
he was stabbed or who stabbed him. There is
some doubt of his recovery. The police believe
that McNally was stabbed In u barroom row.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07

CHICAGO. MILWAUKEE, AND ST. PAUL
RAILWAY COMPANY.
80 ST., NEW YORK.. May i4th. 1897.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-06-07
finanriaI.
SinanriaI.
GuarantyT Trust Co.
of New York.

"utuhA lihlD nuhtuiuks
NASSAU, CORNER CEDAR STREET.
LONDON BRANCH. 90 LOMBARD ST.
CAPITAL, . 81, 1000, 900
S2,OOO,O 900
ACTS As TRUSTEE FOR CORPORATIONS,
FIRMS. AMI INDIVIDUALS. AS GUARDIAN,
EXECUTOR, ri ADMINISTRATOR, FAKES
ENTIRE CHARGE OF REAL AND PER-
SoNAL ESTATES.
INTEREST ALLOWED ON DEPOSITS
subject to check or on certificate.
STERLING DRAFTS ON ALL PARTS OF
GREAT RITA BoUaHT AMI Sold.
coLLECTI N5 MADE
COMMERCIAL LETTERS OF CREDIT ISSUED.
WALTER q. oAKMAN, President.
ADRIAN IsELIN, JR., Vice. President
GEORGE r. TURNBULL, I'd Vice President.
HENRY A. MURRAY. Treas, and Sec.
J. NELSON BoRLASD, Asst. Treas. ard Sec.
JOHN GAULT, Manager Foreign Dept.
DIRECTORS.
Samuel ID. Babcock, Charles n. Henderson.
George +. Baker, Adrian Iselin, Jr.,
George &. Bowdoin, Augustus ID. Juiliiard,
August Belmont, James n. Jarvie,
Frederic Cromwell, Richard A. McCurdy,
Walter II Gillette. Alexander Z. Orr,
Robert Goelet, walter g. Oakmhn,
q. @. Haven, Henry IL. Rogers,
oliver Hartman. II. Nick. Twombly,
II. somers Hayes, Frederick W. Vanderbilt,
William C. Whitney.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

THE MAN who would expect to
embarrassing ears the next day after
planting his corn is no more unreas-
enable then those who expect to see
returning prosperity before the tariff
bill is passed. Nothing so unsettles
business as the tendency of a tariff
measure affecting importations Of ar
ticlcs of all classes. The manufacturer
is unable to enter intelligently upon
manufacturing operations and the
dealer is utterly unable to place or
ders with the manufacturer until the
rates of duty upon goods are deter
mined. Thus there can be no activity
in the manufacturing lines until the
tariff bill becomes law, and without
activity in these lines the prosperity
which other industries would feel
therefrOm of course cannot be re-
allied.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

The Philadelphia Record, of Mon
day, says editorially:
"OppOsition to improved road laws
usually comes from the farmers, who
influence the action of their special
representative in the Legislature.
The farmers prefer to maintain the
old system of working out road tax, y
under which the roads of the State
are kept in condition of continued
badness.
1.-The farmers should put on their
thinking caps. There is hardly one
farmer in a thousand (who does not
live in the immediate suburbs of his
market town to whom the money
value of good roads over which to haul
the products Of his farm is not worth
in the course of a year ten times as
much as the additional amount of
road tax he would have to pay in
cash for proper maintenance and re-
pair. Bad roads cost. They use up
vehicles and teams. They use up
time. They make it necessary to go
twice for one load. They depreciate
the value OF the real estate through
which they penetrate. The farmer
of all other men has the largest inter
est in good roads, and it is a reflection
upon his intelligence that he is not
able to see it.
1.-The cheapening of transportation
has been one of the most attractive
agencies Of the time in promoting the
general comfort. But the country
roads lag disgracefully in the rear Of
general improvement. They are one
the most needless of our eXtrava-
dances ~
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
IEOyeS.

Mr.. Samson Custer is building q
large barn on his farm near Hoyes.
The Rev. Arbuthnot, of Oakland,
delivered a very entertaining and
instructive lecture on EpworthLeague
work at Hoyes on the evening of
April 23d. Everyone present liked
the lecture and the preacher, and
hope soon to have the pleasure of
hearing and entertaining him again.
He is one of the ablest preachers that
ever filled this pulpit, and socially
one of the most entertaining, pleasant
gentlemen we ever had the pleasure
of meeting.
Mr.. William Casteel, of Oakland.
was visiting relatives here on Sunday.
Mr.. William Dewitt and his son-in-
law, Prof. Moffett, are quite i'll.
Mr.. Arthur Dewitt, who taught at
Hoyes this winter, and who, we are
led to believe from what we have
heard, gave general satisfaction.
Miss Grace Dewitt is visiting
friends at Friendsville.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

ness like way, he set his will to wrest
victory from defeat. On-on-on-
while the sands of life are ebbing; on
-on-on-even after his mind reeled
under the strain, he pushed the com
pletion of his biography, waving
Death aside until the work was done.
Do not let us place him among the
gods. He was not of their kind. We
shall lose his helpfulness if we raise
him above the level of the throng.
He was a plain man, like thousands
of others among us, who just bides
his time, mourned a little over disap-
pointments, chow much like our
selvesD never hesitated to acknow-
ledge mistaken plan, chow unlike
us smaller menD and was not deaf
when the moment came that sum-
moned him to definite, answering
action.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
The Ubiou;tous sbirt-Waist.

If anything could have killed the
popularity of the shirt-waist, the max
ing of it in unsuitable materials-vel-
veteen, corduroy, etc.,-would have
done so. Since it has survived that
ordeal it is safe to consider it as per-
manent part of the woman's ward
robe as any garment she wears. The
new waists have a few features that
are prettier than those of last year,
and yet on the whole the changes are
slight. The modified bishop sleeve,
with tucks running up from the wrist
which hold the fullness in, are a vast
improvement upon last seasons baggy
one, which hung untidily below the
elbow, ready to dip into everything
From Review of Fashions" ii
Demorest's Family Magazine fol
April.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

AS | have not seen any items in
The REPUBLICAN from this place, |
will give you a short letter for publ
cation.
Our Sabbath school at this place is
in a fiourishing condition, with Rob-
ert Lathrum superintendent and
Frank Ashby assistant.
George Newell is very busy running
the Connell mill
Little Myrtle Lathrum is wrestling
with the measles at this writing.
George Houdershells have moved
to Rowlesburg, Preston county, where
they will spend the coming summer.
James Freeland made quite flying
trip to Terra Alta last Sunday.
Miss Maggie Zeller, of Terra Alta,
has quite a number of pupils here
that she is giving music lessons. Miss
Teller is a fine teacher, and we pre-
sumo she will accomplish much good
in her effort.
Our planning mill is doing quite a
rushing business. The mill is run by
j. E. Freeland, James Freeland, Da-
vid Loraw and Frank Butler. They
recently planed 5000 feet of lumber in
one hour.
Oscar Farquer is laid up with q
very sore arm caused by a pile OF
lumber falling on him.
! The singing school at this place
which is being taught by Prof. l. f
Groves from Preston county, is get
ting along nicely. The class is very
we'll pleased with Prof. Groves, ant
are making q strong effort to secure
his services for another term. W.
wish the Professor and class a mighty
success.
If this does not reach the waste
basket you will hear from us again.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
An Extraordinary Case of Long life il
Widowhood.


WidOwhood.
To the Editor of The Republican.
In the year 1884 Daniel Custer, then
of Somerset county, Pa, met with a
violent and immediate death in this
wise: In descending the Western
slope of the Allegany mountains,
about three miles south of Salisbury
he and was driving a pair of spirited
horses attached to sled or sleigh
They became unmanageable and ran
away. Custer was thrown from the
vehicle, his head striking tree with
such force as to crush out his brains.
He was a young man with young
wife and one child who for long years
has been the wife of Solomon Baker,
one of Garrett county's well known
citizens. The widow Custer, though
in her earliest twenties, never married
or wished to marry. Only few weeks
ago she died at her daughters at
Mount NebO, three miles south of
Grantsville, well up in her eighties,
much respected. This is the most
prolonged widowhood lover sixty
years. ever known or remembered.
Daniel Custer was one of the eight
sons of Emanuel Custer, who died at
Mount Nebo in 1929, and who was the
uncle of Emanuel Custer, father of
Gen. George A. Custer, who was known
and admired by everyone.
Sallie Custer will be very much
missed in her neighborhood, but will
always be kindly and gratefully re-
membered. ]. p. =
April 90, 1897
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

Copyrighted by Memo"
How nice to have a flag over every
school house; it is such an ornament
says one.
What "a good idea to decorate the
graves of the dead; it makes the bur
playground look so bright and pretty!'
says another.
What a homely old scare-crow Hor-
ace Greely's statue makes; the lift
ting clothes and the great pudgy face
surmounted by bald head are a
blotch on Greedy Squarer'says third.
And so on, and so forth, until the
heart grows weary at the large pro-
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

THE Southern Democrats who are
now favOring protection must have
been reading the remarks of John c..
Calhoun on the tariff of 1916, when he
said: when our manufacturers are
grown to a certain perfection, as they
will be under the fostering care of the
government, < X the farmer will
find a ready market for his surplus
products and a certain and cheap sur
ply for all his wants, prosperity will
diffuse itself through all the country
Calhoun only abandoned this theory
when he found that manufacturing
industries were not being established
in the South to thus benefit the farm
ers of that section. Now that man
features are springing up in the
South, the theory of protecting them
and thus aiding the agriculturists is
again taking possession Of the South
ern mind.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
In Want.


Garrett county children are in want
of an education, and they must have
it if they would rank among the in
telligent part of the population, but
the question is, how are they going to
get it? Some will say we need
more money to run the schools longer
at least seven months, and others
will say there ought to be more school
houses built III order that children
may have suitable and sufficient pla-
ces for going to school, and still 9th
ers say there ought to be a law to
compel children to go to school.
Doubtless there are a great many
things needed before we need the
compulsory clause. If there were no
such thing as failure on the part OF
teaching, then the compulsory clause
might do, but as long as there is SC
much imperfectiOn on the part OF
teaching, we do not need any com
pulsory law. Before Garrett county
people are forced to send their chill
dren to school we need enough model
teachers to teach all the schools in the
county. / once was a school boy,
and went to about ten teachers, and
out Of ten | found three tirst-class
teachers. While [ believe some OF
the others aimed to do the best they
knew, the remainder had learned to
sing the old song, Come day, go day,
so get the money" 1t may yet be
sung by some as a glad refrain.
While [ believe we have some first
class teachers in the county, we need
more of the same type, and whenever
all the schools in the county are
properly taught there will be but
little use for compulsory school law,
as we believe encouragement should
be one of the forcible means of get
ting Garrett county's children to
school. We believe we have com
petent school board, and we hope
they will manage school affairs in
such a way that all the patrons of our
public schools will look forward with
frightened hopes to the time when
our children may obtain a good edu-
cation. L. J. A.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
Church Notice.

The Rev. D. A. Denton, editor of
the Methodist Episcopal Times, Park
ersburg, W. Va, most entertaining
and forceable speaker, will preach
both morning and evening next Sun
day, May Cd, in st. Paul's NJ. E. church.
All are invited to hear this rising
young minister. He will also address
the Epworth League on Monday
evening.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
THURSDAY, APRIL 30, 1897.

SEVENTY per cent. of the railroad
stock in this country has not paid a
dividend and there seems to be no
doubt that the other thirty will not
unless some measures are taken to
prevent ruinous rate cutting, A great
many people think that the pooling
bill which is now before the Senate, is
as much necessary to the prosperity
of the country as the Dingley tariff
bill.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

Mrs. Harriet Bates, of Allegheny
City, Pa, is having a cottage erected
on the corner of Oakland avenue and
. street. Mrs. Bates is now occupy
ing cottage on Coy Row.
Messrs. Michaels have a contract for
erecting a cottage on the corner of |
street and Wheeling avenue. They
began work Tuesday and will push
the work to speedy completion.
The addition to Braethorn cottage
is being plastered.
The oven at the Park bakery is be
ing rebuilt and put into first class or
der 1t will be opened about May 10th
by an experienced baker.
Crushed rock sidewalks were put
down last week in front of Mr. Daniel
Cowan's residence; also in front of
Mrs. Talson's two cottages, two of the
Park Improvement Co.'S cottages and
will be put down also on the walk in
front of the Assembly house property.
Six houses are now in course of
erection or are being finished.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

Fifty made the best show in the mill
tary parade.
At o'clock this evening the Presi-
dent was given a reception at the
Union League Club. Most of the
prominent men who were engaged in
the ceremonies of the day were pres
emf
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
aEMITTANCES;

I'u,. s'.,urtN made ny money order. posta'
no.. ...sta;ored letter or bank TRAIT will he a.
ou .,.- f. made o herw'se. at The risk of the
Sc rI"f NddreSs,
FHF REPURLIrAN,
Oakland. Md
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29
Obituary.

The cup OF sorrow in this fallen
world is speedily transferred from lip
to lip. After an illness of nearly two
weeks Mrs. Mary Ellen Grove, of
near Avilton, loving wife of Isaac
Grove, was called from time into
eternity, on March 10, 1897, at five
o'clock p. m, aged siXtv-two years,
five months and Twenty-Five days.
The cause of her death was consump-
ton. In her already weak physical
condition she was unable to stand the
suffering and her spirit took its flight.
1t was as if God said to her, Come
ye blessed of my Father, inherit the
things prepared for you from the
foundation of the world.n She was q
consistent member of the n. Z. church
for thirty years, and from almost the
last words spoken by her-''I am 60
ing home, | do not fear death''-the
relatives and friends may rest assured
that she simply sank into the arms of
Jesus to be borne to the everlasting
resi-
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1897-04-29

Just received, carload of yellow
pine flooring and ceiling at the Oak
land Planning Mill. 1t