The times., 1897-11-07

| The sons ana daughters are ALL like those
of a v;scount, called "Honorailen only.
| baron may be at the same time baronet,
but the eldest son does rot assume tina
title, as being the sou of a baron and an
"honor able he is already OF higher
rank.
Dukes marquises, earls, yiseounrs and
| barons are termed peers Peers sign the
name uf their title as d snrn aTle, and with.
out prefix OF any Christian name. Thus the
| Duke OF Marlborough signs himself Mari.
| borough the Marquis Of Lothian, .Lo-
J tlfan.' Eldest sons bearing second title
| sign that in the same way. younger sons
/ and all daughters OF dukes, marqlnses and
carls, and all the children OF yiscomts and
barons, sign their names, Christian and
| family, without any title at all.
The wives Gf peers have the same style
as their husbands. A dukes wife is a duch.
eSs, and is called "the Duchess of -
| She Is spoken OF as Her Grace and ad-
dressed ds Your Grace'' MARQUIS wife
is a narchioness, andis called formally the
! Marchioness of ---;'' Informally Lady
-" An earl's wife is countess. called
formally The Countess of ---''. informally
Lady -" A viscount's wife Is "a Wis
countess, and is called formally Viscount-
| ess -" informally Lady A baron (;
wife is never called baroness, except In
the most formal manner, but is styled sim
ply Lady -.''
The wives OF peers sign their Christian
name with that OF their husband s title
as If ii We're surname. Thus, the Mar
chiUntss of Bath signs her name, Francis
Beth The widow OF a peer on the mar
r,agc OF her late husbands S successor TO
th, title, becomes the dowager.
Even the sovereign cannot degra de a peer,
he can be deprived of his nobility only by
Ceath or attainder. He cannot resign or
rclinquiSh his title legally. He may call
himself what he chooses, but he is stin a
duke, an earl or a baron. A peer can be
degraded only by an act of ParIia ment,
and there Is but one instance of that having
bren done; in tie case OF George Neville.
Duke Of Bedford, in thereign Of Edward " .
There are peers OF England, Of Great
Britain, or the United Kingdom, Of Scot.
land and or ireland.
Peers sit in the House of Lords but can
lot be- members OF the House of Commons
Beside this and other government priv.
ileses, they have still Others pertaining
TO their personal rank and dignity. A peer
can, in cases OF treason or felony, he tried
only by jury Of peers However, in
eases Ur ulSdemeauor ne is tried by an
ordinary jury. Peers have the right to sit
IN court or justice with their hats on,
but as may be imagiaed it is right never
used.
There are number of such empty privi-
leges pertaining to the rank OF peer, which
have in tie advance OF time fallen into dis
use THEFT Dre-eminence at the present
day is az holders u seats in the House Of
Lords md. as are tfie upper classes ia any
country, the leaders Of society and the
nlol'iers of taste and opinion. They are
valuable, as leisure class must ever be-
as ieayen for the,refiTlng or manners and
the encourageiHent OF art ana literature
and az a class of merely wealthy people
without the culture c6hiing from genera
tons of cultured ancestors can never be-
4 peci whether by right or courtesy, signs
his maize by the title only, as Melling.
ton" or "Saisburysi Peers take ranS
among themselves ACCORDING to the sen
ioFitY OF creation OF thef title. la speak.
ing Of peers family, they are called
not by the name OF the title, but By the
family name: thus the family OF the Pre-
nher the Marquis Of Salisbury, is called
the ..CeciIs.o
Z After the nobility come the baronets. the
lowest gri.dnof hereditaty title. A faetthat
should be Understood is that baro1et is
not lord nor nobleman. A baronet does
not sit in the House Of Lords, but na,, tif
he be electedl sit in the House of Com
mons. a baronet mas rank, precedence and
title without any special privilege. A bar
onet bears the title OF Sir placed before,
his Christian ana surname, with the ad,lt-
ton OF baronet generally abbreviated To
t. bart.J written at the end. THUS. to give
all example. ''sir George Smith, Bart 4
baroneti spoken of and to as sir George, -
his surname not being added. He signs his
name George Smith, omittlng 5he title. His
wife is Lady smith, and is addressed
as My Lady
Below the baronets cume knights. who
may be either knights bachelors, who
are kuighted by tue Queen, by cere-
mony; OF knights OF an order, as the lrter
OF the Thistle. There are six of these
orders Of khishttood. Both knight bache
lors ana knights Of an order are entitled
to be called Sir this is, 10 wever,
not hereditary; their children have no
title. Their wives are, by courtesy, called
LADY
Archbishops are addressed as Your
Grace, and spoken Of as His Grace. a
Bishops are spoken to as Your Lordship
and My Lord, -, and referred
to rs His Lordshlp;" while in
writing they are The Right Reverend.
the Lcvd Bishop Of --" Their wives
are Simply Mrs"
Such is Reorganization and nomenclature
of that aristocracy, the grandesr III the
world, OF the people from among which
our ancestors came, and to become mem.
ters Of which SO many Of our daughters
have Of recent years returned
L. MARSH DoLLAWAY