The daily morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1883-1899, 1897-07-04

ard the Insurance unly hHlf TINT amount
A quarter u the populntipn of tho ely
WINS innds homeless Ibis whE the most
npiulio cyoni ever rrrora j IN the history
al the state ul hlnlnr. nud until tbs On
cnRD and Boston fires followed u fow ychrH
later II stond ~ the most disastrous COZ
migration ever known ~ this country
A National Convention.
Only once hns national convention oi
70 great political phrty b'cn called n nH'
acinblc on the Fourth ~ July Tint SIN
plo exception was the DriuUorntic coni"n'
tlon u 1858 at New York. The country
wna IN disturbed condition The wnr bod
left its legacy of passion and Of depression,
that always follows oi,ll discord Prsi'
dent johnson hnd become separated from
the Republican party that Ind elected nm
ns Abnhnm Lincoln's associate, ana tho
reconstruction measures, the c1rpcthhg
governments u the south and the use Of
tho United states military In The states
mIcly IN the robciliun were the burning
questions 1f the hour. II was felt TINT
the DunOCrntic party had now ihlr
chance to return a. power, and tbs fourth
uf July wns selected M u nttinR dhy Tor
tho convention to meet, IN order 10 initihio
tho campaign with eclAt And on the
sano day soldiers and sailors conyen'
tiun was also held In New York and IN
durtcd The Democratic nominees IN nj
vance. The Democratic convention sit Tor
scycrnl days and on the twenty FIRST lnllot
nominated Hurntio seymour TOR president
George H. pondlcton. andrew johnson,
General w. s. HnBcnok sanford T..
Church aud Thomas A Hendricks wcrc
prominent candidates and Il Is almost
forgotten political history that Chief Jus
tioc salmon =. Chnsc-nlthough Ropub
licnn--wns seriously considered In cnnncc'
tion with the nomination Bot when clcc
tioa day came Grant defeated seymour
Tho Amnesty Proclamation.
July 1, 1868. was even more distin'
guishrd by the famous amnesty prociamn'
tiGn issued by President johnson 10 those
who had been on the Confederate side dur
Ing tho war Devoid oi IT, preamble and
whcrcnscs this IN the historical document
Now therefore, b. Il known that |, An.
drew Johnson, president oi the United
States do by virtue Of the constitution and
In the name u the peoplc Of the United
States hereby proclaim and declare un'
conditional and without reserve u all and
" every person who directly or indirectly
participated In the late insurpction or rc.
bcllion. excepting such person or persons
az may bc undo. pr.sentm,ut or indict
mcnt In any court Of the United States
having competent Jurisdiction upon n
charge of treason or other felony, n full
pardon and amnesty for all oiicnsc ur
treason against the United States or u nd.
herring 10 their enemies during the late
eiivi war with restoration II all rights Of
property except as TO slaves and except
also ns " any property II which any per.
son may have bcep legally di,cstod under
the laws Of the United states
Deaths Of EI.Prrsidrnts.
1hrc * presidents Of tho United
states have died on the Fourth of July
Two were dgncrs of the great document
that IN cumucmoratcd on that day and
huth died On It's s,miannual anniversary
ihniuns jefferson, who drafted the Dccln.
ration ~ independence, died at Monticello,
Va, In 1920. ~ the age u 50. He had
lived 10 src the republic firmly established
hmung the nations of the world and him
self Ahundantly honurcd by his country.
men. on the same day IN Quincy, Mass,
John Adams, who had been Jcffcrson's
associate In the stormy days ~ the rcpub-
lie, passed away at the age ~ ~. One OF
the last acts ~ his life was TO send from
his sick bod 20 the Fourth uf July oclc.
hrntion Of the town Of Quincy this toast:
~ give you independence forever" His
last words wore jefferson still lives, "
but jefferson had already by few hours
preceded Adams To the land Of the here.
after.
Five years later, in 1881, James Mon.
roe died In New York city on the Fourth
Of July He was buried In the marble
cemetery on Second street, east OF the
Bowrry, but In 1885 his remains were re-.
moved 10 his native state, Virginia.
Chief Justice Marshall who did more
perhaps than any other person Of his time
70 give pcrmnncncc and explanation and
judicial discrimination to the constitution,
lay ON his dcuthbcd on July 1, 1895. He
had served as chief justice for S5 years.
Those about him thought he would expire
on that day, but he fingered until July 6,
President Zachary Taylor was smitten
with mortal disease on July 1, 1850 He
attended the cornerstone ceremonies Of the
Washington monument and was overcome
by the heat, Returning to the White
House, he ate with imprudenco and that
night took to his bed, which he never left
A few days later he passed away,
Famous Treaties signed.
Several Of the treaties that the United
been In some way associated with the
Fourth Of July. In 1897 the first com.
morcial treaty with Sweden and Norway
was concluded and signed ON that day,
So, too, tho claims treaty with France was
concluded July 1, 1881. but was not pro.
claimed until July Of the next year Jack.
son was president then, and william c.
Rivcs for minister Of France negotiated
the treaty France agreed to pay 90, 900,
600 francs In claims To citizens of this
country, but to this day, although 81
years have gone by, the United States has
not yet paid over TO all the claimants the
money received from France. The treaty
OF pence with Mexico was concluded in
February, 1918, ratified by tho contracting
powers In May and proclaimed by the
Drthlutnt July T. AubNltT WIN
Mexico In relation to claims under the
treaty of lS4S that our southern noighbor
had never settled was concluded July 4,
1868, by william II, Seward, secretary OF
state, and Minister Romero Of Mexico.
Two famous treaties with Great Britain
come In this category. The first was the
Clayton -Bulwor treaty negotiated by Sec.
rotary of State John NJ. Clayton and Sir
Henry Lytton Bulwer This treaty, relat.
ing to canal across Nicaragua and
recognizing the paramount authority of
the United States ON this continent, was
ratified at Washington, July 4, 1850, and
proclaimed on the following day. The
treaty providing for tribunal and arbi.
tration over the Alabama claims was sue,
cossfully arranged by Hamilton Fish,
Robert G. Schenck, Samuel Nelson, Ebon.
ozer Il. Hoar, George H. Williams, the
Marquis of Ripon, Stafford W. Northcotc,
Edward Thornton, John a. Mcdonald and
Montague Bernard. IL was concluded In
May, 1871, ratified in June and officially