davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The free press., 1897-02-18
Papcr Matches, Now.
times.

The time-honored scheme of rolling
up piece of paper and using it for
lighter has been utilized by an inventor
in the manufacture of matches. The in
vention promises to revolutlonlze Eu-
ropean match manufacturing, and 1t Is
perfectly timely, because the wood for
this purpose is constantly growing
scarcer aud more costly, says the Ma
tional Druggist of England.
The new matches are considerably
cheaper than wooden matches and
weigh much less--a fact which counts
for much in the expectation. The
sticks of these matches consist of pa
per rolled together on the bias. The
paper is rather strong and porous, aud
when immersed in a solution OF wax,
stearin and similar substances will
easily stick together and burn with
bright, smokeless and odorless flame.
Strips one inch in width are first
drawn through the comhustible mass
spoken of above, and then turned by
machinery into long. thin tubes, pieces
of the ordinary length of wood or wax
matches being cut off automatically
by the machine. When the sticks are
cut TO size, they are dipped into the
phosphorous mass, also by the ma
chine, and the dried head easily ig-
mites by friction on any surface.
The free press., 1897-02-18
SCIENTIFIC SCRAPS.

Sunlight does not penetrate deeper
thnn / 200 feet. Very sensitive pho
tograpic plates exposed for ten min
utes at 400 fathoms deep showed no
development OF light.
The oyster grows from the inside
by throwing out every year rings or
circles of a calcareous substance, and
experts can tell where the growth be-
gins and ends for the year.
Professor Ramsey, after series OF
exhaustive experiments, reports that
there is every reason to believe that
the elements helium and argon are nom
valent; that is, are incapable of form
ing compounds.
The greyhound seems to have been
developed in level, treeless and shrub
loss countries, where moving object
is visible at long distance, and great
speed is therefore necessary to enable
a predaceous animal to overtake its
prey.
With relation to light, the sea may
be divided into two Zones-the dla-
phonc transparency, and aphosic
(lightless), where no light penetrates.
Numerous interesting experiments
have been made as to quantity OF light
in the sea.
Theeyeball rests in cushion of fat.
by which it is surrounded on every
side. When the system becomes
greatly emaciated through disease, this
fat is absorbed and the eye sinks fur
ther into the head, thus giving the
sunken appearance SO common in dis
| case.
Lord Kelvin holds that the internal
heat of the earth has nothing to do
with the climates. The earth, he says,
might be of the temperature OF white
! hot iron two thousand feet below the
surface, or at tie freezing point fifty
| feet below, without at all affecting q
climate.
A British authority says that the
| life of 6 locomotive is 500, 600 train
miles that is, an engiae of nP-to-datss
pattern having run that distance viii
be worn out and useless. Before its
| dissolution the fire box of the locomo-
| tive will have had to be renewed three
times, the wheel tires five or six times,
| and the crank axles three to five
| times.
The free press., 1897-02-18
Monuments in Our Great Cities.

Our great cities are not now exactly
poor in statues; but the exceedingly
accidental character of these memorl-
ais, due to the fact that they are
mainly the result OF private subscrip-
tion, is evidenced by glance at the
public out-of-door statues and other
memorials in New York city. To
American literary men, distinctly as
literary men, not one statue has been
raised in that city; but there are
statues of Shakespeare, Walter Scott,
and Robert Burns. One bust of an
American author-Washington Irving
lis found; and there are also busts OF
Cervantes, Schiller, and Thomas
Moore! 1t would be hard to object
to these memorials of Old World au-
thors provided they are works OF art;
but one would like to see them ac-
companied by at least as many Amerl-
cans. Atlantic Monthly.
The free press., 1897-02-18
Sleep as an Aid to Digestion.

There is time honored notion that
a nap after meals promotes digestion.
and. filed with this belief, large
number of persons habitually take
nap after dinner and think they are
doing precisely the best thing for
their health. There are other good au-
thorities, too, who claim that sleep dur
ing digestion clouds the mind and pre-
disposes those who indulge in it to
apoplexy and stupidity. A French
scientist has made this subject study.
and by exhaustive experiments has
discovered that sleep does not aid di-
gestion, but rest and horizontal posi-
ton are of great advantage in pro-
noting the proper conditions for p =
feet digestion and assimilation of
New York Ledger.
The free press., 1897-02-18

Little Marsh-Rosemary sat by the road,
When long came a-hopping big hoppy-
tond;
Little Marsh-Rosemary shut her blue eyes.
She shook and she trembled in fearful sur
prise.
"Little Marsh Rosemary" toady did say,
"Come, open your eyes on this sunshiny
day;
Your eyes are the fairest in all Of the town,
And nobody cares though so poor be your
gown"
Little Marsh Rosemary opened her eyes,
She looked at his face in a gladstone sur
prise,
No longer he seemed like an ugly old toad,
Because unto her his kind heart he had
showed.
Priscilla H. Drone in the Churchman.
The free press., 1897-02-18
Departed Grazing.

"Just thirty-three years ago today
said the old soldier, ''thc top OF my
head was grazed by bullet"
'There isn't much grazing there
now, is there, granda?' was the COM
mcnt of the youngest grandchild, and
as the old gentleman rubbed his bare
poll he had to admit the correctness Of
the assertion, indianapolis Journal
The free press., 1897-02-18
HIS LAST RESOURCE.

Richard Hotaling was in the depths
Of perplexity as to his status in the
affections of certain, or, more
properly speaking, very uncertain,
Young woman whom he much adored.
He had been SO deeply in love for
more than year, that he had eyes,
ears and thoughts for none other than
pretty. fascinating Miss Damer. Yet,
50 skilfuly had he been managed,
whether consciously to herself or not
be little knew that no word OF his
could have been construed to give
evidence of more than o friendly
feeling.
There we're others in his predica-
ment, and misery always loves COM
pany. At the same time he felt there
must be an end to all things, aud bad
resolved to bring matters to q state OF
certainty without further delay, know
ing full we'll that he had made sim
lar decision score Of times before.
| She had way of turning the conver-
alton at most interesting stages,
without giving offence and with
how of tact worthy weightier cause.
He could recall any number of times
when he was on the eve Of making n
lull avowal, aud thought her particu-
iarly sympathetic, when a turn of her
bend or glance of her clear gray
eyes would throw him back into the
Did state of detection, and he would
leave with the words unsaid. Again,
Interruptions had come when he was
At the point of growing serious, and
there had been much in the way of
ais declaring his love.
He felt she must have read it in his
'yes, in his every act, yet there vera
several other fellows who wore their
hearts on their sleeves in much more
amazing manner than did he, and who
we're treated with the same calm i'm
partiality.
There was Hilton, member Of every
'lub in town, and possessor of such
IN income as is never an objection in
'ffairs of the heart. There was Res
'ler, the captain of his college Eleven,
adored by all the girls, adoring Miss
Damer only. There were Mallard,
Holllster and Smith, all rnttling good
fellows. to say nothing OF one Book
'elgh, sort of literary man with long
nair, ready made ties and original
poems. No man feared him, as a
flval, however, for he made his love
rs common as postage stamps by talk
ing OF her to everyone he knew.
doreover, he was the kind of fellow
70 make hit with old ladies at after
poon teas, and the men not only con-
Pldered him more different kinds of an
1ss 'han any one OF their acquaint-
ances, but actually guyed him to his
ace. Among themselves they jestingly
ccused him of imperfect cerebration.
put IN spite Of these facts, aud that
Pe enjoyed a fair share Of Miss Da-
ner's favor, they liked him because he
Fas kindly-natured and altogether
harmless.
AS Hotaling chewea the end of his
en he meditated upon these things;
|aftcularly Hilton's ten thousand a
ear and wondered if the latter con-
Iteration wSuld weigh with Miss Da-
Per. He believed it would not. and
lota her Note accordingly. He
sAod for an enss cement during the
eek adding that bad under con-
ae'ation an offer to y abroad as for
'sn correspondent 4 a New York
Aper, and that in cs OF accepting
would sail the nsxl Saturday. He
oald leave it for 1,her to decide
hether he should 90 Or stay. Ii was
Y lAst resource. and he felt that it
The free press., 1897-02-18
THE CHILDREN WHO SAVED HAMBURG.

THE CHILDREN WHO SAVED HAMBURG.
Hamburg was besieged. Wolff, the
merchant, returned slowly to his home
one morning. Along with the other
merchants of the city, he had been
helping to defend the walls against the
enemy and SO constant was the fight
ing that for whole week he had worn
his armor day and night. And now
he thought bitterly that oil his fight
ing was useless, for on the morrow
want of food would force them to open
the gates.
As he passed through his gates, he
noticed that his cherry trees were COW
cred with ripe fruit, so large and juicy
that the very sight was refreshing.
At that moment a thought struck him.
He knew how much the enemy was
suffering from thirst. What would
they not give for the fruit that hung
unheeded on the trees of his orchard?
Might he not, by means of his cher
ries, secure safety for his city?
Without moments delay, he put
his plan into practice, for he knew
there was no time to be lost if the city
was to be saved. He gathered to-
gether three hundred of the children
of the city, all dressed in white. and
loaded them with fruit from his or
chard. Then the gates were thrown
open, and they set out on their strange
errand.
When the leader of the army saw
the gates of the city open and the
band of little white-robed children
marching out, many of them nearly
hidden by the branches which they
carried, he at once thought it was
some trick by which the towspeople
were trying to deceive him while pre-
pairing for an attack on his camp. As
the children came nearer, he remem-
bered his cruel vow, and was on the
point OF giving orders that they should
all be put to death.
But when he saw the little ones SO
close at hand, so pale and thin from
want of food. he thought of his own
children at home, and he could hardly
keep back his tears. Then, as his
thirsty, wounded soldiers tasted the
cool, refreshing fruit which the chill
dren had brought them, cheer went
up from the camp, and the general
knew that he was conquered, not by
force of arms, but by the power of
kindness and pity.
When the children returned, the
general sent along with them wagons
laden with food for the starving peo-
pie of the city, and the next day
signed a treaty of peace with those
whom he had vowed to destroy.
For many years afterward, as the
day came round on which this event
took place, it was kept as holiday,
and called "The Feast of the Cher
ries." Large numbers of children in
white robes marched through the
streets, each one bearing branch
with punches of cherries on it. But
the old writer who tells the story is
careful to say that the children kept
the cherries for themselves.
Every age Of the worlds history has
its tales Of war and bloodshed and
cruelty. of wild struggles and OF great
victories; but nowhere among them
oil do we find the story Of more
The free press., 1897-02-18

The ocean liners have not only ad
vanced their frst-class passenger
rates, but they have also decreed that
the limit OF the age of person who
may travel on hssif fare shall be eight
instead of ~ years
The free press., 1897-02-18

Colored physicians of So \
lima have formed q Stah.
Son,
The free press., 1897-02-18

he sailed for Havre the next Sat
urday.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08

ted States to their native land and to
the army to fight against the Turkish
oppressor. NJ. Botassi keeps track of
his countrymen who come to the Uni
ted States. Grecian immigration has
increased during the past four years.
The largest colony is at Chicago, and
numbers about $500 San Francisco
ranks second with about 1900 and
New York third with nearly the same
number. Smaller colonies are scatter
ed throughout the East and South. The
total number of Greeks in the United
States is about $4,000. They are en-
ployed chiefly in the fruit business, but
have representatives in almost every
line of trade. The Greeks are a patri-
otto race, and Consul General Botassi
is not the least patriotic among his
compatriots in America.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08
PRINTERS IN HARD LINES.
Typesetting Machines Have Put Hum
drcds Out of Work.

What becomes of all the pins? is Il
question that has puzzled economists
for generations. Millions are made ev-
cry year, and yet the world is not over
stocked. What has become of the
.rinters since the Introduction of type.
setting machines? is a question far
more interesting and important
During the past five years typeset-
ting machines have been set up in the
city printing offices all over the coun-
try, and in the city of Chicago alone
there are over 200 Of them. Each of
these machines does the work of three
men. 1t takes but one man to run each
machine; consequently there are 400
printers in Chicago bereft of work be-
cause of the substitution of machine
for hand composition. All of the daily
newspapers use machines; all of the
book-publishing houses likewise have
them; a few of the job printing estab-
lishments employ them upon pamphlet
and circular work; one concern does
straight composition on machines for
various job printing houses at a reduc-
ton in price from that formerly al
lowed for hand composition.
The situation, from the printers point
of view, is growing worse daily. The
weight of years is telling upon the ma
jority. The younger among them have
succeeded in mastering the art of type
setting by machinery, but the older
members of the craft have found it diff
ficult if not impossible to do so. In
view OF the new order of things the
employers, in cooperation with the
Typographical Union, have reduced the
hours of labor so that a larger number
of printers may find employment. The
average duration of machine print
er's labor is seven hours daily, while
he is permitted to work but six days d
week. This gives opportunity for the
employment of a considerable number
of substitutes. who thus manage tc
earn enough to subsist upon. On two
other days in each week the machine
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08

a good living. From neighboring
tradesmen and professional men he can
procure work enough to keep him busy,
and net, in most cases. sNore than he
could earn at the case. Many of these
printers are increasing their facilities
year by year. and when old age over
takes them will be in possession of
business that will assure them COM
petence If not comparative wealth.
One gratifying fact in connection
with the printing craft Is the gradual
decrease of, late years of that class
known as the tramp. He seldom makes
his appearance in Chicago. Intemper-
ance, which has always been the great
est foe of the printer is decreasing.
Employers demand reliable men, and
these being plentiful there is no room
for the hummer. When any such come
to the city they soon discover that their
chances of obtaining employment are
meager, and they betalze themselves to
other fields.
Acknowledging the fact that machine
typesetting has wrought revolution In
their craft the printers generally face
the situation with fortitude and even
cheerfulness. Those who can do so are
qualifying themselves as operators:
those whose years preclude them from
attempting to learn what is practically
n new trade are looking about them for
other means of earning a living. Hun
dreds have sought the smaller towns
where the typesetting machine is yet
dream and where its cost will keep it in
Punishment for many years to come. A
few-a very few-have surrendered to
an memorable fate and have gone to
the Childs-Drexel printers home at Col
orado Springs. but the vast majority
are battling manfully with fate and
will continue to battle until 'the jig is
up"
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08
HOnors to a Dog.

Here is paragraph for dog-lovers-
and dog-haters also-taken from the
London Telegraph:
At a meeting in Bolton Town Hall,
held on Saturday under the mayors
presidency, twelve Humane Society's
awards for bravery were distributed
by Lord Stanley, NJ. p. A unique Incl
dent was the presentation by his lord
ship of a collar and silver medal to a
sagacious Newfoundland dog. "Prin-
cess May" The animal saved the life
of a child playmate by snatching it
from beneath tram-car. The incident
was declared authentic, and unparal-
leled of its kind.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08
Notes.

All the cotton factories in Canada
propose shutdown for three months.
The bricklayers intend establishing a
national home for their aged and in
firm.
New Haven Chinese laundry owners
have organized and fixed scale of
prices.
Three-cent shaves are beginning to
make unorganized BARRIERS of New
York ask where they're at"
Western miners, who were defeated
I'm their long strike at Leadville, pro-
pose trying cooperative mining.
The Scent cut in the block coal min
ers' scale in the Brazil, Ind, district has
gone into effect. The miners claim it is
impossible to make living at the re-
duced rate.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08

itself known in avoirdupois. Monday
they weighed themselves just before
going to dinner. Mr.. Porter weighed
191 pounds, and Mr.. Wheeler 165. They
also weighed what they ate for dinner,
and the experiment showed that the
smaller man was the better feeder, for,
according to the scales, he got away
with three and a half pounds of eat
abies, while his companions capacity
was only two pounds. The men weigh
ed themselves again directly after din
ner, and both declare that their weight
was not increased at all.-Boston Even
ing Transcript.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08

eight days, or, in other words, it is an
eight-day shirt. If the green quarter
Of the shirt front is worn on Monday a
quarter turn of the disk will bring it
around to a black and white check for
Tuesday. For Wednesday a red sea-
weed on a white ground would make
a pleasant change, while q beautiful
delft pattern in blue and white rose
leaves might prove rest for the eyes
on Thursday. On Friday, the day Of
ill-luck, might be cheered by a pink
horseshoe on a white ground, with
jockey cap and whip, while the pro-
gram could be varied on Saturday with
Persian pattern in gaslight blues and
heliotropes, etc. To the young man who
is forced to the EXTREMIST economy this
arrangement fills long-felt want. The
quarter of a circle fits nicely into the
space between the "V' of the vest and
the necktie, and no one would ever
know that one had on an eight-day
shirt unless they were told.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08
operators arc permltted. If they choose

operators are permitted, If they choose,
to put on substitutes. At the present
time all are urged to exercise this privi-
lego, although no effort is made to COM
pei them to do so.
No trade requires of those who follow
it as high a degree of intelligence and
as wide q scope of general information
as 1.-THE art preventative" Not only
must n printer be able to read and
write readily, but he must also under
stand the rules of grammatical con-
struction in order that he may correct
the plumbers that may creep into his
CODY. He must have n knowledge of
history and of men who make and
have made It. He must be familiar
with the record of passing events, and
have at least n smattering of the arts
and sciences. He must be quick to de-
tect errors that others make and ready
with a substitute for an imperfect or
inelegant sentence. Many a writer has
been saved from humiliation by the
kindly interposition of the printer
whose task it has been to put his man
uscript into print.
1t is not surprising, therefore, that
with these qualifications many hun
dreds of printers have graduated into
other avOcations which are regarded
as occupying n higher Industrial plane.
On nearly all of the daily newspapers
of Chicago practical printers find scope
for their talent. A majority of the
managers, editorial writers and work
ers who have made the Chicago news
papers what they are-the greatest In
the world-served successfully as print
ers' devils, compositors and writer's.
One result of the coming of the type
setting machines has been a great In
crease in the number of small jot
printing offices throughout the city
with small job press, couple Of
fonts Of body type and fair assert
ment of job type suitable for card, bill
head and circular work. An enter
prising and industrious man can earl
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08
DISTINGUISHED GREEK.
ellis the Position of Consul General
for Greece in New York City.

Demetrius y. Botassi, the genial and
cultured Greek who fills the position of
consul general for Greece in New York.
has held that distinguished place for
thirty-five years. He has now reached
the venerable age of 60 years, yet he
is as active and Industrious as many
men half his age. Consul General Bo-
tassi was born in the historic little ISL
and of Spezzia and is lineal descend
ant of the warrior of his name who
fought so CALAMITY for Grecian indie
pendence seventy years ago. He is Il
man of rare culture and learning, and
speaks many European languages. He
is politeness itself to all who come in
contact with him either personally or
with relation to business. 1t was he
who, in the capacity of acting minis
ter. promulgated the order from King
George recalling all Greeks in the Uni
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1897-05-08
NSS5Szm>
2N
New Cooperative System.

OF the many problems that have puZ-
zled labor leaders these many years
none proved more vexing than that of
cooperative stores. SO easy in theory,
so difficult in practice, few Of the many
that have been started from time to
time with great flourish of trumpets
have succeeded in struggling along for
any length of time. But California has
evolved and put into practice new
idea-a sort of a general trade ex-
change, in which no money is used
that has thus far proved satisfactory
beyond the expectations of even its
most sanguine promoters. The new
enterprise is known as the Labor EX-
change, and, as explained In the San
Francisco Call, it is not merely local
affair, but is intended to be national in
Its scope.
Its purpose is to employ every man
who has an opportunity to produce any
thing by finding a market for the prod
uct-to find some other man who wants
the product and who has something to
exchange for it. 1t is by this means
lHdI lue USE VI mOuey - ulSpeuStu
with.
1t is worked in this way. A shoema-
ker, for instance, wants n barrel Of
flour. He gets to work and makes a
whole lot of shoes of the value of the
thing he wants, takes them to the ex-
change and receives the flour. If he
wants something that is not in the ex-
change-for instance, if he wants a
new set of teeth-he is given check or
checks of the value of the product he
leaves there, and goes away to some
dentist who belongs to the exchange,
and who therefore will accept the
checks for his work. The dentist is not
required to take the shoes in exchange
for his work-the checks will be accept
ed at the exchange for anything there
is in stock. Nor is the dentist even
limited to this. These checks are ac-
cepted by a score or more of other bust
ness houses in almost every line Of
trade, so widely has the movement
spread.