Evening star., 1897-01-27

the annual appropriations fer the armies
and EavieS of the seven great powers OF
Europe increased from s6i7.OO0.0Oo a year
to $S0S.UO.OOp, or % per cent. Our annual
appropriation for army and navy during the
same period increased from s40,0oo.0O0 to
s49WW,W0, or 21 per cent. Could the fear
of war be removed, could confidence in
higher tribunal be secured. how gladly
would the nations of the world. SO heavily
taxed for the maintenance of armies, beat
their swords into ploughshares and their
spears into pruning hookS-Eow steadily
would they rise to new liberty and higher
development!
"In the interest. then, of peace. of the
brotherhood of nations of the lifting of
burdens heavy to be borne-of humanity.
of Christianity-let us join with England in
the establishment of a tribunal of interna-
tlonal arbitration to which national differ
ences shall in future be referred
In closing l will read extract from
a letter of General Grant to the Universal
Peace Union Of Philadelphia, in December,
1879:
Although educated and brought up as
a soldier he said. and having probably
been in as many battles as any one, GER
tainly AS many as most people could have
been, yet there was never a time nor day
when it was not my desire that some Just
and fair way should be established for
settling difficulties, instead of bringing in
nocent persons into conflict. and thus with
drawing from productive labor able-bodied
men, VINO, in a large majority of cases.
have no particular interest in the subject
for which they are contending. 1 Look for
ward to a day when there will be a court
established, that shall be recognized by all
| nations, which will take into consideration
all differences between nations, and settle
by arbitration or decision of such court
these questions
President Whitman's Address.
President Whitman of Columbian Univer-
sity was next introduced and spoke in
| favor of arbitration with great force lie
nf 20 duty ott;
tians.
Il love America he continued, but I
| know that to do our duty In Nmerica We
| must remember the deep fundamental SEN
| timents that make mdlihood. Our country
claims our fidelity. We grant it So, but
then before men mai" citizens great
nature made us men.
There is that miserable feeling which
has grown up, apparently, a reaction
| against more miSera BILE feeling There is
| a disease in our American social life known
| as Angiomania l have heard there are
| people in New York that always raise an
umbrella when they hear It is raining in
| London. There is another morbid growth
| known as Anglo-phobia. When you pro-
| nounce the name of England there is a
| feeling of unrest. To cure both of these
diseases there is needed but an inocula ation
| or 1irst-class common sense. To tr'2e
Americans Anglo phobia is as unreasonable
| as Anglo-mania is Ridiculous
| Dr. Whitman spoke of Matthew Arnold s
|
| til right is born he continued, hold fast
| to might, but when once right is born. in
| Gods name, give it room''
He said 1t made no difference what the
| fate OF the particular treaty now before
| the Senate might be. the idea back of il
was assured. When men get a GLIMPSE of
something higher than they have enjoyed
| they were never quite the SAM. men gain
He said he believed in the integrity of
| American citizens. he believed in the in
tegrlty OF our kinsmen beyond the sea. and
ne believed in the establishment of a court
| Of arbitration to settle whatever differences
might arise between the two peoI lbs.
| Ex-senator HendcrsOn's PAPER.
Ex-senator Henderson of Missouri. bu;
now of this city, read carefully prepared
paper on the question OF the treaty Low
before the Senate. He ha! prepared a care
full analysis of the lega! aspects of tho
treaty but there was not l,me for him I,
enter upon long disc ussior of its pro
visions
| THE Intention he said, lis to provid,
able and impartial civil tribunals TO try an,
adJudicate questions of boundary and o:hel
| kindred territorial questions and also tha
pestiferous brood of questions known a.
| pecunlafy claims. AS the treaty enumer
ates the causes of controversy be ar
| pitrated. all other questions under accept
ed rules OF construction are necessarily ex
| cluded. Those stereotyped objections TO al
arbitrations touching the 'lonor the dig
| nifty and the existence of the nation ca n
not be urged in this case. Our traditiona
| policy has been in favor of arbitratin,
| boundary disputes. And IN the case of tn
only exception TO this rule of ours we wer
careful to declare that war existed not b,
| our act, but by the act of Mexico in maxim,
hostile invasion on our territory
| But whatever may have been our es
tabllshed policy, the familiar doctrine O
estoppei should close our mouths agains
the danger even the improperly of sub
| mitting territorial or boundary question
to arbitration. Scarcely twelve month
have passed since We imperiously an,
somewhat offensively demanded of Grea
Britain that she should arbitrate q simiIa
dispute with Venezuela. So admirable an
SO acceptable was the doctrine then tha
we were willing to extend our charity ia
beyond the safety and security of our owl
affairs; and at the point OF the bayone
we threatened to enforce the acceptanc
of Christian love and charity upon ou
| barbarouS neighbor.
| IF arbitration be good for England an
| Venezuela, why not good for us? OF;
policy has been equally peaceabIe and jus
in reference to pecuniary claims. and thi
treaty in that regard suggests 10 danger
| Gus experiment.
No just man can well object 10 arbitrat
ing those numerous and never-endin
claims or a pecuniary character, whic
| sometimes justly, but more often uniustl,
the citizens of one nation urge against tn
| citizens and governments of another ma
. tion. The justice and validity of sue
claims are never settled by war. They ca
alone be determined by an inquiry into tn
law and the facts of each case.
The machinery of this treaty guaran
tees. am sure. able and impartial tri
bunals for their investigation, and al
honest men should be content with thei
awards.
Il have examined with some care n
numerous criticisms against this treaty
and there is. in my judgment, but one hav
Ing the least plausbility. 1t is barely pos
sible that controversy may attach 10 tn
meaning of the word otherwise as use
in article 4. After including all pecuniar
claims exceeding 100000, the descriptio
proceeds as follows: And all other ma,
| ters In difference in respect of which eithe
Of the high contracting parties shall hav
: rights against the other under treaty Q
otherwise
Mr.. Henderson spoke of the effect of tn
treaty On the building of the Nicaragu
| canal and saw no harm in having Europea
| capital build 1t. Continuing he said:
II share not in the weak jealousics an
| fears of England. To disparage her is t
defame ourselves. Whatever the form Q
| their institutions, Englishmen must be free
| Wherever they go, civilization follows An
| we, her children, are worthy, hope, of GU
| ancestry. AS Wordsworth well said:
| eve must be free or die. who speak tn
Il NJ