davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
Real Estate sJnles.

Tho So. Paul's Lutheran Evangelical Church. which
sold is edince. With lot, on the southeast corner Of
sixth avenue and Fifteenth street. to Boehm 4 Coon.
has purchased from y. w. Herter, the plot 69.tKi00.
NOs. Si3 and 8I6 West Twenty second street, for to4,
400. and will erect Q Handsome eiince.
The Lawrence estate mas sold the northw est corner
OF Eighth avenue and fifty. seventh street, slx. story
Francis J. schmugg hss sold TO Thomas J. MoLaugh-
lIn. twelve lots, SO0xlol.ll, on the south aide of
1I7th street, 100 feet east OF Lenox avenue. at u id-
900. taking In part payment the four new private
dwellings. on . plot e5k 90. ~. at the northeast cor
ner Of lie xing,on avenue and Ninety seventh street
Frederick Moellcr has sold to herman Wrobkow
the two nvrstory buildings, 25xlOO each. Nos. lis
and lio Mercer street, on private terms.
James speyer has purchased the four story stone
front dwelling. lot 2TEIl5. Ma. 1857 Madison avenue.
and will make extensive Internal improvements.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17

.o.ld :,I.ssls IN e.sor: n: ne. sscg; Ancsss,
Be siEc% sap.si! sss:0 e.. z mere 's:s 'i s.:S -: :s,a e ss!s - 8;
farms and a, ,he gin. a. thls time OF yssr; a 1000
a.; %ss:i s,.,.. ~. ..y. f ss.i isi !: i.s's se; 20 'i s.ss H.. ar 3. ' Is.
to-; ssss s 81 ;ss s A6s, a. u Z cotton 5iss.': and s's son "a ios ' sS..
sss.s.'' II, .n The .. :.s, .sIn has i ssss sp .d ccn.id Sai n the e.:
s:Isss., a, yii.id isor IS, season We NAV:
ins the .hishsr than the lower nsure: Thi. sup
!a!n S'ri X i Sfis.: ' {. lis!iye but mo a. .S%: pirsS.
!, .so a%i ioS. 900 !. d u sS.ii .,Sets ous sp rR,sss.' m nsrs asa are
a %Urs hopeful :a,.;i,ie: a. z con fod S S,.rSlssi soT *. ' E:.t. Lam
ssshir. sen,smgaon almost ]snirsiiy 70 good cotton.
I.:. ssa cotton sssf l%pS,. :ty; ss. no Il. s ssSa:Ids e is :: fsr:
warded.. and Manchester stock Z, und.r,tood a,ds
..y.' r r. tD IL S.neh as:sA ior i ysSn. e &. s ssrG' ,s aa.s
1 fsist 'p priss. vii ii'' ae ruled RUE S mainly 81 8, crop iSio aoT sSn'Sni;
7.ioc. The hs fSs Sn .G ;ss sRGs wa wa. s :. fo 1iiH" s'"'n ""
SS :s.a;s.i .::::::' sSS s s$ ss%% ssssSSssss'ssss
rS,Sg.: h be ,n,s Suis. and 4s stead: .:a! Nth D DnH, S ~;
lower 70 Z higher Mo declined 90 rsis; receipts.
't s,%sl TS si 's.dins sss.s was dull and f'''o'''''''
p.InoLnus-gnchsnsed u.,u ,.. o.,
re rs'I ss%' n!:.. .s ;!s;sssilj q 'TT: s, gs.' ~. .s RI:
ssf Sa; 5sa; s sS short. and p:ci s:s.r1 BE-, ; ;So.; q sd !, ss:
lost y%e.ierdSy and today; Receipt. Of hess for ,n.
mated for neit week. The course OF prices iu the
near future will depend largely ON the 70.
csipts Of hogs, although tas feeling among
cIineed to .h, long aide on IL. brssts.p;
Buter-Creamery. western. thirds to extras. isSsoc.;
nrhins tuba se,ondst TO extras. leslsc; Cheese-stste,
1nil cream; large, colorsd; fancy. lone; DC. chi.s.
i i5IS%. a. 70 = TiIi:s; ss S$ GA ! g .: ;$;;': SS;S!Sss; u, ,i Ess:
fancy. ieS9ic.; Western do. 100 &c.
90 sS ;..s, ] ;ss du, s.l %! a5 ;,i Ss.. s 80. ,s..; 3 81 ss;1 .s.t
At z iS.1oc. Rsnnei unchanged.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
4inxnrixt.
4 f r E

Is my advice given to my clients In my
special letter Of DECEMBER TWENTY
EIGHTH (~notice the date)-
Now once moro I tell you that the pools
are getting ready for another grand move
in the market with three or four stocks a.
the leaders. CERTAIN STOCKS WILL
DECLINE FOR A TIME. As usual at the
beginning Of the movement, but the plans
are already laid for an advance, and the
opportunity Is at hand for capital to
MORE THAN DOUBLE ITSELF in
tho next three months. Remember
that such movements in the stock mar
ket occur only three or four times . year.
I earnestly advise you not to neglect the
coming opportunity. As you already know.
had the pablo followed my advice in the
last three campaigns they would have made
and saved millions. The coming campaign
will DO tho most important since 1899.
There should be no further delay II you
intend to do anything. My advice II to
have your money in the syndicate or In
the private accounts AS SOON AS POS
SIBLE."
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
Real Estate Transfers.

s, S,sho!i; p, ". seii = is!h q, sUn7ga: AZ nm
A 9spssi si" az. = .. a. a. rs . isSis 10 Il. A as' * i 10. $4,000
Frederic K coudtrt Jr.to Douglas Robin:
same to Fanny NJ foein.on -. $50. o.ioo
Id ~d D o'Drien 10 same ..,..,.,.,..-.., $3.50
Mary DempwooIfr 70 sarah Gertn ......... $4,000
ap ~ rr at; ss e q. e y re e. e, sj John SS' be- . Mm $50
h,9srvs 81: n " cor Anthony A., iOoI'o;
fr.ns n tcsndsuin aud vile to TRsss,s
ae," !. 5ais West; FRANKLIN ii HoseDoom TO
ws.s aos.,s%:I %, also . . Bond d part
voc farm. y part; FRANKLIN o Beach to Eir
SANE property c.th.rlne; 'Bistot to franklin
same property: Mary b Hoehm ct al to Their. ~
sc sis !. s"s .e az sn 70 i nmS': .v, a;;.ioo.s; JON, ii
Kuckert, err and tru. to Marsaretha 10th.
III sss s. asss iyR a~SIao.i0i; Win rinDers
ana .I.eHn ri ~ ~ :, soI Thsss' fr ws.', w X. l
aGS!!ep MAJ: s,ssw ~ " ,Eis'j0is0s;,S'i' Cha.
webster ~: n 4 ltSsIT ;soSin g ~. raw.
Ssrwo@d Az. .w cor aojih st, osiIiiasI
7A2Ili2 same TO same ~.s....",... 80: $3.50
.-Wnlisn., referee, 70 David IAw,on."...., 10000
SsIsosl VIM 'iT.si: and sno .Io; .o,
wsGs.yr Az -. I 700 n c wooIlawn road. ,,o
,xoHno.o, same 20 same ..:. oJo
same to David Ro.enbaun .:........:.:. 1000
Lexington AN, VS., .hll n WIN ST. fOHlOo;
Theodore A Cordier and wife to Martha
lexington av. VS.. sol n Viiith st. a5IiOj;
same 70 Joseph and Anns scn~a5!s ;.;o. 1
Lexington ay. u " cor WIN At, 2o.llIio5:
same 10 conrad huros. anu aho.. ,....... i
lslst at =, %; Blooningtaie road; 2sI77
roll and vie 70 john and VIM Carroll. 20
rad Il Gross and Geo nerbener and wife to
Iheo a Cordial :: = !
Nicholas Kane ..,".,..- -........... $3.50
Henry st.ss sSes clinton st. 2sOIvo; Sam
AVG. 3. .sss iith st 2siss John II Ruct:
ertsnd sno, eIors, ac' to John N Ruckert
ana ano. :. ,....,.. go. .........."..
same prop MARY = hoehn Of a. to snme... !
hinford 81 9 : lot ISp; map ,.ct {. we
VIM J Tucker ...... .... ...:.........- l,A0o
e0th 81 SIS, 100 " 10th av, 25s l0O;S: John
Ruekeit and ano. eIors OF John l. Ruckert,
Goth st, aos West; John n Kuckori ct ;ito
Mary ID Hoehn.....,..". .......".."."".. i
RECORDED noRro,ors.
b.got, Gaanarins, 10 or9 n heyer, G 4 bremrf ., .o,
snr. "a nsyt:,m.Hspp cnnsn. W., tnn S"o'o
ssmr 90 Z - y n !, = e houston n,eo
%. map OF sami Jones aud 90 West Hous. ...
Ton 81: also Wors1sr a. q and Lay; ayrs 5000
-, TUG; also = : ,:cnd q; lot 10; map
sami Jnnss and 90 mest hSns,on s.,IN
iSil 50 % %, map OF pesoe farm. : par;.
demand i,...". $50
same 70 tias hnso,, sam, PROV u,nnanu''. 100
and anc' e Clinton st a' E'mwood place .,,o
-, " ,.,,, - q, 49,, ,t,' ~ s.Too
bThe1.sn 1Smna'ee n's"s'9nn eotgt
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17

SATURDAY, Jan. 1o.-GRAIN-wheat Spot
was steady but dull. No sales. Free on board
anoat: No. 9 red. ooc.; No. l hard spring.
97c.; No. l Northern spring New York. 9io.:
No. l Northern spring Duluth, 92Ac. Futures
advanced NC. to Sac. After Change" May on
curb was sTGs7Ac., closing 81 3-l6c. Future
sales 745 900 bush, as follows:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
Res'vs.. sisi. UoI 900 Siui. $40, 100 Inc. SiO, biR, 90
Res've r'd.. 1870 $50 l8v.8+B,675 Inc. 2,sS7,O25

Surplus s4s.ssi,4 $50 500. > $40 Ino. o., 1871 .O7o
The surplus a year ago was $32.345.550. and
two years ago $45.485.oT5.
The imports Of general merchandise, includ-
ing dry goods. at the port of Now York last week
Gus week and so,3So, iao for tRs eorrespondins
week were Sb7.4sl. OF which Sli .67a was gold,
making total specie imported since Jan. ! $780,
and silver EsPo ss, g. sS.: . so; .it Ui .s $3.50 &c., ' sas ;iss;
$4,000 the previous week. The exports OF
specie since Jan; have been; Gold. sl0?: $50.
and silver. $l,437.644. . total OF 81, $40 1874.
The imports OF silver bullion from Mexico last
week were 10000 ounces, and ST.. 900 gold.
The Chicago, Milwaukee and st. Paul Rail-
road Company reports gross earnings for tho
Of ssi, aSs a. compared Win the same week Sssti last
year.
Railroad gross earnings for December COM
pare with those OF the same month of 1895 as
PolS,G; 5 Shore and Atlantic slislss Pee. sss,ssll
Mho n mpht. and n cchIaiii:.,on. iisss,SSsss bpe Dec. ssssssoo
b. Paul and puiuth" ..,."..... io5,sss Dec. o,424
The trnanota Chronicle computes the gross
;%.. s'sss'ss e. . .' S.a r.,..sAS d; I ISf DsS'% a. aoS of
pared with the same month OF the previous
year; For the year ending Dec, 81 tie gross
increase Of S3.l76.9l7 as compared with the
corresponding period or the previous year.
Tho Atlantic and Pacific Railroad reports
d asSs: ssr q yS. So aSf ~ sG oo%UsT.d ." w,, iSsG e.. same .
month OF tho ~preyiou. year, and net $50. ITO. an
increase OF S37 1858. For tho nSe months ending
Nov, 40 the gross earnings were Sl.332.687, a
decrease of SIZE, 35l rs compared with the cor
responding period of the previous year. and net
S309, 99+, an increase OF $l90, 500.
The Flint and Pere Marquette Railroad re-
ports gross earnings for November Of $lss, 225.
. decrease OF ! 1890 m compared with the
same month Of tho preylous year. and net S50.-
OH, an increase OF $l,l35. For the eleven
months ending Nov. 80 the gross earnings were
with the corresponding period OF the previous
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
PRIVATE ACCOUNTS.

Three or four times q year money can DO
mado in Wall street safely and easily; the
rest Of the time the trade fritters away his
capital. One Of these times Is coming. 1t II
seed time now; harvest will follow. When
the harvest Is ripe, take your proits. buy q
farm with them, and put your original cap
ital into the syndicate, which 10 good the
year throughout. We can put you into the
leaders in the coming campaign. There
will be good profits from now on for ninety
days.
No private account Of less than $500
handled. as we do not trade on small mar
gins. We are not bankers and broksrs-
Your money must 20 to reputable broker
age firms. We simply direct the invest
ment.
Send for 2s-paeo pamphlet, FREQ.
Gives the true philosophy OF o
full speculation.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
Available cash balance, in.
Guiding gold balance. ... .e292, sos, Sss

Money In London, = n cent. Rate OF discount
In open market, for both short and three months
bills. ~ " cent Paris nd vices quote , y csnts
don. 20 francs 22IS centimes.
The sales OF min nv stocks at the New, York
Consolidated Stock and Petroleum Exchange
to-dat were ma followa.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
year. aud net soo3. sos. an Increase Of SIS. goo.
Fi!ed charges were s504. COS. leaving q surplus
Of $40. BbB. an Increase Of "a. 7bl.

year. and net soos. sos. an increase Of SIS. goo.
Fi!ed charges were $3.50. 2o6. leaving . surplus
Of e3p, 1865. an Increase Of 1871.
The Chicago and Northern Pacific Railroad
reports gross earnings for Novem Der OF yO2.p46.
Sdscrss.s Of s8.ois a. compared with the same
ipcrss.s Of ses7. For tShs sii. ven menths ending
NOV: 80 ne gross EARNINGS were s1as.4 oo. an In
spenS,o or , n.;ioa Of q ,S som p,s,au "i ss.r rh and SpT net
sSis.ois. an Increase Of Sss $50.
The Fort Worth and Denver City Railroad
T ~ sn , srGss ssf ~ s. ss sSr a. s s"mp. Srr o. viii t,hhs sSc
oae. an Increase Of sso,oS.. For The eleven
s &IP.as sna'" decrease Nes; 80 81 f' s4 stGts ' as eompsfed
with the corrc.ponding period OF the previous
year. and net s207, $40. q decrease OF Sls.5e0.
The West Virginia. Central and Pittsburg
Of sos, S47. " decrease Of ss'ssa. a. oomosred
and ns IT: sss sias %sp ioer OF the Of %G ss1s. fo gf e.:
ak months ending Dec. ~, tho gross earnings
pared we = sC With The o %ffsspsf al s'p Period s Of eI the
S2i.437.
The Detroit and M.ckinso Railroad reports
gross earnings for November OF S20,O03. n do
crease Of $1,000 as compared with the same
month OF ~ previous year. and not Si,I0t; q
Nov; 80 ,h: Sross EARNINGS were slhs,4si: a de-
crease o. s5o:s4s IS comparsd with the cor,
sss,sSG q d psr,Ha 81 Of IS i R!5y5o0' year, anu not
National bank note circulation outstanding
s235. 1891 .esT, . decrease for the week OF $685.
574: reccived during the week for redemption.
destroyed. S20s,400. Balance Of deposits II the
Treasury to sdeem national bank notes, $l0,-
625. 435. an increase OF 81. $50.
The receipts OF the Government to-day were:
CustUmr. SASH. TT; internal revenue. S+57..63
and miscellaneous S!3. T02, q total OF Sp1p.-
7D2. The disbursements. including $3.50 900 for
pensions. were 81. 1924 600. an excess OF ex-
ponditures over receipts Of S340 ,20S. This
receipt- for the fiscal yssr to date have been
Sill. 2ls.432. and expenditures S2l0. 1871. 200.
m excess OF OF expenditures over receipts OF $+5.-
liz. 587.
The net assets OF the Treasury At tho close Of
business to-day. as ofhcinlly computed. compare
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
COMMERCIAL COMPEND.

Total sslss 1900 sharos
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
finanrfal.
STOCKS sooMINe.wE PREDICTED
BEAR CHRISTMAS.
Dec. 10Th

We called attention to our prediction NJ Oct s4,s
tDcc 18Th was low day. and made a new predict,o,
advising immediate buying for handsome rron,.
and promising to call your attention to 1t. which vi.
do now. when stocks are again booming.
OUR Yesterdays LETTER GIVES orR pm.
n OPINION. WHICH you MIGHT LIKE TO RpIn
We would be glad to secure business 10y rc.,on "a
our uneKcellcd facilities AMI the security nIr en-.
touer have because OF our large capita. W. vonIa
prefer not to claim business because OF our nlulty -
predict the course of prices.
ThOsr. however, who do value q brokers' Iettor x.
ask to drop In and read ours running la ( ss,,,.,,
years. They are admitted to be III. most accus.s.
ever published. aud arr not confined to one side Of 10
market. Those VINO write q bull letter every dsypn
the year arc NJ course right whenever tho mars.t
goes UP. so . clock which don't go l. eStctly tisbs
twice . day. The regulation bull letter and tSs
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17

New Ysyk gsesh Exshs.ee-Seiss Se. 1e.
UNITED srArrs AND srATu popps nr si.ooos,.
sv.y deb ass eusA.r.issAlso N
Of teet-.... GIN
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17
Total sales. 2o4.762 shares.

FIRST QUOTATIONS. FOR BANK srooks.
The herald., 1897-06-17
Green Manuring q

At the Anaheim farmers institute Mr..
]. H. Mills of the Chino experiment eta
ton read a very valuable paper on green
manuring. He showed how desirable Il
was to find some leguminous plant tha /:
could be grown in the orchards and
would make a large growth from No
vember to February. The value of such
a growth in the orchard is two fold. 1t
prevents washing in the heavy storms
of winter and probably also conserves
the moisture, holding more of It in the
soil; and also draws largely from the
nitrogen IN the air and stores it up in
the roots and tissue of the plant. Mr..
Mills would plant this crop as soon as
the early rains commenced, or possibly
earlier, if Irrigation could be practiced.
so as to get very large growth by the
first of February. AT this date he would
plow under the whole crop. This plow-
ing under should be done early, so tha.
the plants would surely decay before the
dry weather of summer came on. 1t is
now we'll known that on the roots of all
leguminous plante are little nodules
which are produced By the action on
the tissues of minute bacteria or mi
crobes. These microbes in their growth
and development seem to have the abil-
ity not possessed by other organisms Of
utilizing the nitrogen of the air, just as
we take oxygen from the air and build
it into our tissues. Thus through the
action of these microbes one of the best
and most expensive fertilizers Is abund-
antly produced. Thus it is that the red
clover of the east produces such mar
vels of increased fertility when a large
crop of it is piowed under. Mr.. Mills
recommended strongly the wild upines.
burr clover, ard he might have added
the large Canadian field pea. There is
no question but what our orchards
would be made much more productive
If they could be thoroughly enriched IN
this way. The desirable thing to do is
to secure a legume that will produce an
immense growth in the limited time re-
quired. The attention of our brightest
horticulturists is turned to this subject
and there is no DOUBT that if the lupines
and the field peas are not the best for
this purpoee- we shall soon hope to find
that will bring about the re-
suits in California that are produced
with the red clover in the eastern section
of our country.
The wild huckwheat (Erigonum fas-
is now fully in bloom and
has been in bloom for some days. This
is one of the excellent bee plants of Call
ifornia. 1t will, remain in bloom until
December. 1t is famous bee plant and
The herald., 1897-06-17
Exception to the Rule

/ The navel orange seems to be an eX-
I ception in this matter of pollination. This
/ fruit seems to exhibit kind Of prolif
eraton. Everyone has noticed the occa.
| Sional appearance of a small rose, grow
| inS from the stem of another rose which
seems to have passed entirely through
the latter. This is called proliferation The
navel orange. or any orange that has a
navel, seems to have sported in just this
direction. A second little orange is pro
duced between the seeds and the blossom
end Of the fruit. This smaller orange
prevents the pollen thread from passing
down to the ovules, and thus the seeds
do not develop, and we have the match
less navel orange, superior not only in
flavor, but in this very fact of bein :
seedless. We see, then, that we have
great reason to be pleased because of
the navel 1t is not only an eXcellen:
trademark for this fruit, but it is ais }
such a hindrance to pOilination that il
nsures a seedless fruit. Another very
interesting fact connected with the ma
vel orange is that the flowers produce
no pollen at all. This probably comes
through the law of panmixia. This law
is simply this-that organs that have
become useless tend to disappear The
reason of such tendency is not far to
seek. Of course any development is ex
penSive, and the law of natural selec-
ton" will soon tend to remove any or.
gan or structure when it ceases to have
value to the organism. We see that the
navel fruit, which we believe is a nat
ural variety, has no longer any use for
pollen. Thus the law Of panmixia has
even made the production of pollen &
thing of the past with this fruit 1t fol-
lows from what has been said that the
presence of the navel in other varieties
of the orange is simply a condition of
sporting, and does not arise because the
flowers were -pollnated with the
navel of course, as the navel has no
pollen, it cannot cross -pollinate with any
other fruit. 1t is evident that all fruits
tend to sport in the direction of proif-
Grafton, and so we need not be surprised
to find an occasional navel in any Of the
varieties. This simply shows the ten
dency of the fruit. and does not argue
at all that ss-pollination has occurred.
True, we do find occasional navel or
anges with seeds This makes it certain
that in some cases the pollen thread does
penetrate the ovule. The pollen. of
comes from some other variety.
1t is not easy to see how the pollen
passes the little orange which really
forms the navel.
The herald., 1897-06-17
Mayor Strong on the Country Bo.

AEy young man who expects to sue
ceed in New York" said Mayor Strong,
one day last week, must come here de
termine6 to rely upon himself. He must
push out for himself. and not depend
upon his friends. The boy who does this
is sure to succeed if he has good princi-
pies and good ha bits He must, how
ever. bend every energy toward accom-
plishinS what he sets out to do, and he
must be economical in respect to money.
time and strength. If he does this and
has it in him he will have great success.
for there is no place where the possbii-
ties of great successes are more than
right here.
Il don't think the place where the boy
is raised has much to do with it. The
manner of the boys rearing often has
more. The country boy has, as a rule.
had the advantage of having been made
to work. He is usually poor boy and
his nerve and muscle have usually been
developed by adversely. This may be
the case with the city boy, but in many
instances his early life has been too easy
Ills parents have pampered him. He
does not know the value of dollar until
he learns it by experience after he has
gone into business, and in this way he
starts in behind the horny handed son
Of the country. The country boys life
has tended to the development of self
reliance in him, and he comes here with
the determination to stand alone."-New
York Mail and Express.
The herald., 1897-06-17
Die Back"

The pears, apples and possibly some
other varieties of deciduous fruits in
Southern California are being attacke6
with "die-back.' as it is called. The or
chard Of Mr.. Archie Thompson, just
south Of Claremont, is quite seriously
affected with this trouble. Not only dc
the leaves die, but the bark becomes un
healthy and seems to shrink and become
bound to the tWig. The fruit also with
ers away. This looks so much like the
old pear-blight Of the east that we have
little hesitancy in prOnouncng it fun
gus trouble / is to be hoped that Prof
Newton b. Pierce of Santa Ana may b.
secured to investigate this matter He
IS the government bacteriologist, and is
an expert in all such matters. There is
little doubt but that spraying the trees
early in the spring, just as the buds are
opening, and again three or four weeks
later with the Bordeaux mixture would
be very serviceable in preventing the
attack of this fungus.
The herald., 1897-06-17
With the Ants

few days since the class in ento-
mology at Pomona college witnessed a
| very interesting sight. This was moth
ing less than the wedding nuptias of
thousands of winged ants. The economy
of an ant colony is very interesting. The
ants live from the midsummer till the
next May in great quiet in subterranean
tunnels. The queen only lays eggs
there are no gentlemen ants in the nests
at the time, and the small. wingless
workers are we'll named, for they are
ever most industriously caring for the
numerous household. In the early spring
unimpregnated eggs are laid by the
queen ant, which. like the same of bees.
only produces drone or male ants. I'M
pregnated eggs are also laid and tn ?
larvae which hatch from these are fed
more abundant food and thus produce
large winged females or queens. Soms
bright day in early June these winged
males and females fly forth in great
numbers to mate. The mating already
referred to took place on the top of the
college building, where the ants were
seen in copulo in great numbers. The
males were very much more numerous
than the females and were black or near
y so, while the females We're of a rich
brown. dozen or more ants were in each
case struggling to gain possession of each
female. They seemed to collect in great
numbers on the highest point of the flag
staff, and would roll in great heaps down
the roof to the ground. After mating
the workers take a queen to a new tur-
mel in the ground and an incipient colony
is formed, which grows apace until the
next season, when the swarming process
is repeated. The males die at once after
mating. 1t is a curious fact that the
workers bite the queens wings off as
soon as the new colony is started. They
seem to feel that she must be kept al
home, and so they take away the means
of flight