The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1897-01-21
THE guiehta Daily Eagle ghursaay aorng garuary

mace, mixed with q little -four meal, .
certain powdered spar from Monte
Paterne. there was yielded . chalky
powder having tie property Of shining
In the dark after having been exposed
to sunlight! Hero was . prime nys-
terry. No combustion, NO waste of sub
stance-in short q nero botting I'D
Of daylight. 20 emit it again with a
feeble, night-long CLEAN when all
around was dark. To the famous phos.
phorus of Bologna succeeded the more
brilliant phosphorus OF John Canton,
ooncocted Of oyster shells calcined with
charcoal OF meal in e}cse eruciAle.
And tho phosphorus OF Canton IS ir
our day superseded by luminous
paint. used for clock faces snd match
box tops, that need to be visible in the
blacklist night. Science tells us that.
otter all, these are only sulphides Of the
alkaline earths; but. be that so, those
that shine best are never pure sui.
phides.
Closely akin to phosphorescence Il
the property Of huorescence. the nature
of which. though some Of the facts were
known TO Goethe, to Brewster and &c
Herschel, was first explained by Sir
George Stokes. A chip Of horse chest.
nut bark, q crystal Of quiline or a grain
of the dye stuff eosin Is dropped into
water-acidulated, it may be. to hasten
solution-and behold the liquid exhib-
its on the surface exposed to light .
beautiful coloring, green. blueor orange
as tho case may be. That . liquid
should possess a surface color where
the light first strikes it. and that color
1e quite different from the color of the
liquid itself, as seen by transmitted
light, is fact that fuscirates BY its par
adoxical nature. Why should the
green liquid made by macerating young
green leaves in alcohol shine with
deep red color on its surface? Fluor.
spar-the "bluejohn" Of the miners
exhibits similar possession; for ite
surface color is different from the tint
Of the mineral. .
Then fsllowedt the discovery that these
waves which excite fluorescence as above
described, and which are the very waves
that are most active photographically,
ere also the waves that arc most active
in producing phosphorescence in the
luminous paints. Here was afforded
sery broad hint that both fuoTescencs
and phosphorescence might be, like
Photographic actions, chemical phe-
nomena in their essence. Then the pa,
tient Beoquerel, using instrumental
methods for observing substances in
the dark, after they had been exposed
to light, and especially to ultraviolet
waves for q brief fraction of a second,
showed that phosphoresceIce. so far
from being rare property. Is possessed
by innumerabls kinds Of stuffs. Chalk
porcelain, glass Of various sorts, and
rubies, shine for Goth of q second or
SO. Some artificial chemical crystals
notably the green compounds Of ura.
MUM, shine for but 1-iooth OF second
or lesA Regarded from the time stand.
point, the difference between phos-
lphorescence and fuorescence is q mere
difference in degree; tho one is persist.
ent, the other a transient, uansforrna-
ton of the waves. On the top Of these
discoveries of a generation ago came the
observations, notably those Of Crookes
that fiuorescence and phospfn orescence
are stimulated by electric discharges in
vacuo much more brilliantly than by
even the brightest sunlight. The phos
phorescence excited by the discharge
from the cathode or negative pole IN the
most attenuated vacuo possesses many
striking and brilliant features.
Lastly comeithe memorable researches
Of Lcnard and of Roentgsn, who have
found in the carnations that proceed
from properly exhausted vacuum tubes
when electrically stimulated, RAYS that
will penetrate paper, wood, flesh, and
even Opaque sheets of aluminium, and
will, nevertheless, make their presence
known by causing huorcscence and by
their Photographic action Roentgen's
worldwide discovery of the present
year seems almost like an inverse spe
cies of fuorescence-s transmission |
from the lower TO the higher order Of |
waves. And. indeed, II. Becquerel has
shown that the highly fuorescent COM
pounds will, after exposure TO light !
give of for many hours visible wavcs
which closely resemble Roentgen's rays |
in their power Of penetration through |
aluminium aud other Opaque materials
and in their Photographic action. So |
10 the phenomena Of phosphoresoence
and fuorescsnce we have now a hyper
TO record. And 81 |
Wiedemann and his collaboratorS have |
half solved the mystery Of phosphor-
.scence by showing that it Is due TO q
tort of limited chemical decomposition !
81 molecules under the influence of |
electric or luminous stimulation. the
mystery Is certainly no less bcwildering
han before; the explanation Is itself
10 less a mystery. needing in turn 20 |
De explained.-Philadelphis. Telegraph. |
Tomato and Mscsroni Soup
Break half a dozen sticks of maca>
pieces. and drop into boil
no xy-s-<- CooE for an hour nv r-rrif