The leader., 1897-03-10

ing even . greater love for law and order I'd the
future Immunity should be granted 70 noni
rno ySs'e G ,se lsw era s ~ soss,a
hon imposes upon the president the duty Of both
iis own execution and OF the statutes enacted
IN pursuance q he prOyisionss pd.,, -. ! .s, shall
Ss P0%sr aeise9 sss sssn e Il tie be psf si opposicD
so s ccnona.icns % capital Sfsanl,rea ,hs IL
condition Of trade among our citizens,' and y
has supported such legislation as Will prevent
the execution Of oil schemes 70 oppress the peo-
pie BY undue charges on their supplies, OF BY
unjust rates for the transportation o their prod
pcts to market" This purpose viii be steadily
parsued. both ty the enforcement Of The laws
now In existence and the Recommendation ard
support OF such statutes as may be necessary to
carry Il into effect.
Our naturalization and immigration laws
promotion OF q safer, better and O higher citi-
zenship. A grave peril 10 the republic would
be O citizenship too ignorant to understand, OF
too vicious 10 appreciate the great value and
benefcence OF our institutions and laws-and
against all who come here TO make war upon
them our gates must be promptly and tightly
OF Improvement among our own citizens. but
with the zeal OF our forefnthers encourage
the spread OF knowledge and free educa-
land, II we shall attain that high destiny as the
foremost OF the enlightened nations OF the
world, which, under Providence, we ought TO
Reforms in the civil service must go on. But
the changes should be real and genuine. not per-
functory. or prompted by zeal In behalf Of any
party simply because II happens to be in power.
As member Of congress voted and spoke in
favor of the present law, and shall attempt It's
enforcement In the spirit In which II was en-
sSSeu ne most aa0 sicfens if Service % " the % best
men who would acceps appointment under
the government, retaining faithful and devoted
public servants In ofice, but shielding none, un-
Authority custom.
ore inefficient, Incompetent, or unworthy. The
best interests OF the country demand this, and
and whenever It has been thus administered.
restoration Of our American merchant marine,
once the pride of the seas in ell the great ocean
its Intelligent consideration, The United
assv has ss Of wa Snd
endeavor until we have become foremost
in nearly all the great lines Of inland trade, COM
snd sg ws sss snfs bsss Is sev Epr
declining until II is now lower, both In percent
age Of tonnage and the number OF vessels en-
ploysd than 1t was prior to the ciyi ~ wSr, Uoms
ip the upbuilding Of the American navy, but we
must supplement these efforts by providing as
o proper consort for It merchant marine amply
sufflcient for our own carrying trade to foreign
countries. The question is one that appeals
both to our business necessities and the patriotic
aspirations OF great people. 80,
since the foundation Of the government, TO
cultivate relations OF peace and unity with all
the nations of the world. and this accords with
| my conception OF our duty now. We have cher
ished the policy OF riop-interference with the
affairs OF foreign governments, wisely inaugu-
rated by Washington, keeping ourselves free
tent to leave undlsturbed With them the settle
mept Of their own domestic concerns 1t will be
our aim to pursue firm and dignifed foreign
/ rNOlt fAt cho11 lla. trfNrNp Nprttn nl
e''' eyer watohral S Of our p National honor
emf enforcement Of the % lawful rights 1 of American
quest we must avoid the temptation OF terri
| torial aggression. war should never be en-
| tered upon until every agency Of peace has
every contingency. Arbitration is the true
method OF settlement OF International as well
| as local or individual differences. 1t was rec
| ognizcd as the best means Of adjustment Of dif-
| ferences between employers and employees by
| the Forty-ningth congress, In 1888, and Its np-
| plicotion was extended to our diplomatic rela-
| lions by the concurrence OF the senate and the
| house OF the Fifty-hrst congress In 1890 The
| litter resolution was accepted as the
| basis of negotiations with us by the British
house Of commons In 1893, and upon OUR invita-
! tion treaty of arbitration between the United
States and Great Britain was signed at Wash
ngton and transmitted to the senate for Its rat
| itcation in January last Since this treaty Is
clearly the result of our own initiative; since it
| has been recognized as the leading feature Of
| our foreign policy throughout our entire pa-
| tionel history-the adjustment Of diflculties by
| judicial methods rather than by force OF
arms - and since II presents TO the
world the glorious example of reason
| and peace, not passion and war, controlling the
relations between two of the greatest nations Of
| the world, an example certain to be followed by
others, l respectfully urge the early action OF
tho senate thereon, not merely as a matter Of
policy, but duty to mankind. The Importance
and moral influence OF the ratification of such a
treaty can hardly be overestmated in the cause
| thought of the statesman and people of every
| country, and can not but consider It fortunate
| that is was reserved TO tho United States to
have the leadership in SO grand work.
1t has been the uniform practice to avoid as
far as possible the convening of congress in ex-
| traordinary session. 1t IS on example which,
under ordinary circumstances and in the alb
| sence of public necessity. is to be commended.
But failure to convene the representatives Of
| the people In extra session, when it involves
neglect of public duty, places the RESPONSE
| b!lity OF such neglect upon the executive him
self. The condition Of the public treasury, as
has been Indicated, demands the i'm
| mediate consideration OF congress. 1t
revenue s for the nation Not to convene It under
such circumstances can view In no other sense
than the neglect OF plain duty. I do not sym
pathiZe with the sentiment that congress in ses-
sion Is dangerous to our general business inter-
ests Itsrncmbers are the agents of the people,
and their presence at the seat of government in
| the execution OF the sovereign Will should not
| operate as an Injury, but benefit There could
be no better time to put the govern
ment upon q sound financial and eco
noTnic basis than now. The people have
done, only recently voted that this should be
and nothing is moro binding upon the agents
Of their will than the obligation of immediate
| action. 1t has always seemed to me that the
| postponement of the meeting of congress until
more than year after it has been chosen, de-
prived congress too often OF the inspiration Of
tho popular Will, and the country OF the corre-
spending benefits 1t Is evident, therefore, that
TO postpone action in the presence of so great a
necessity would be unwise on the part of the
executive because unjust to the interests
Of tho people. Our agtion will now
be freer. from the partisan copsidera-
| postponed until ther egular session of congress.
| We are nearly two years from a congressional
election, ana politics can not so greatly distract
us as If such contest was Immediately pending.
| We can approach the problem calmly and pa
| triotlcally without fearing its effect upon an
carly election. Our fellow-citizens who may
disagree with us upon the character of this
| legislation prefer to have the question settled
now even against their preconceived views
and, perhaps. settled so reasonably, as l
rust and believe it will as to insure
great permanencc--than to have further uncer-
| tainty menactng the vast and varied business
interests Of the United States. Again, what
ever action congress may take will be given a
fair opportunity for trial before the people are
called to pess judgment upon II, and this con-
slider great essential to the rightful and last
ing settlement OF the question. In view Of these
CONSIDERATIONS shall deem 1t my duty as preSi-
dent to convene congress in extraordinary ses-
sion on Monday the 18th day OF March, 1897
In conclusion, 1 congratulate the country up
on the fraternal spirit of the people and the
manifestations of goodwill everywhere so ap-
parent The recent election not only most fortu-
nately demonstrated the obliterstion of sectional
or geographical lines. but to some extent also the
prejudices which for years have distracted our
councils and marred our true greatness as ma
ton. The triumph OF the people. whose YER
dict is carried into effect to-day. Is not the
triumph Of one section. nor wholly
Of one party, but of all sections and al
the peoples The north and the south
no longer divide on the old lines. but upon prin-
ciples and policies; and In this fact surely every
lover Of the country can find cause for true fe-
ltcitation. Let us rejoice in and cultivate this
spirit; 1t is ennobling, and will be both gain
and blessing to our beloved country. 1t viii be
my constant aim to do nothing, and permit
nothing to be done, that will arrest OF disturb
this growing sentiment of unity and oo-opera-
tion. this revival Of esteem and affliation which
now animates SO many thousands in both the
old antagonistic sections, but shall cheerfully
Go everything possible to promote and in
crease II.
Let me again repeat the words Of the oath ad-
ministered by the chief justice which in their
respective spheres, so far as applicable, I would
have all my countrymen observe: Twill faith
fully execute the ONCE of president Of the
mi TAD A.k1 lx..a -