davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
CHE NAVARRO ARRIVES.
With Thirty-Fonr Men From 81. MI
ehaei-sorth Fork Expedition.

Thirty-four Disguised men reached here
early yesterday morning on the steam
schooner Navarro from ST. Michael. Alas
ka. So disguised were the thlrty-four that
before reaching this port they bound Capt.
J. r. Higgins by solemn oath not 10 d.
yulge their names 10 representatives OF the
press. Most OF the thirty-four were rem
nanis OF the schooner North Forks expe-
dition from San Francisco. On reaching
ST Michael after a tempestuous voyage,
the old San Francisco ferry boat Mare
Island. which had been towed up, was
overhauled and repaired for a voyage up
the Yukon river. The failure Of the Mare
Island 20 get further than the mouth OF
the river is known here. The unhappy
passengers were only too glad 70 find
transportation on the Navarro. returning
to their homes in San Francisco and East
ern cities. None was from Seattle.
The Navarro had also two passengers
who had formed part OF the Eliza Ander-
son expedition, a history OF the failure OF
which has been published In detail.
The Navarro left ST. Michael October IL.
two days after the steamer Humboldt. Her
trip north from San Francisco was one
that will long be remembered by passen-
gers and crew. She left San Francisco
for st. Michael on September g. and ar
rived there on October .. having in tow the
steamer Dwyer. which Il was Intended
should be made into a river steamer. The
two boats parted only once. This was
about 100 miles from the pass between
Eering sea and the Pacific ocean in the
Aisutian islands. II was at o'clock on
Monday morning. September Is, that the
two vessels parted and the Dwyer was not
picked up for over forty-eight hours. The
latter was absolutely helpless and drifted
back sixty miles. She had eight men
aboard OF her once during the voyage
the hawser connecting the two vessels be-
came entangled IN the propeller OF the
Navarro and Il took two and one-half
hours 70 unravei Il.
The Navarro will load lumber at Tacoma
for San Francisco.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
EVADED PAYING DUTY
BORDER RESIDENTS WHO HAVE
BEEN SMUGGLING
Veteran Customs on9eer Reinstated
The Last of the Sealing Fleet Re-
surning-SeversI Important Dect-
siens by the Supreme Court.

Special Dfsnateh ~ the Post-Tn;eillgencer.
PORT TOWNSEND. Oct. ss.-Colec'or
Heustis today received official notification
o. the arrest 81 six men on the boundary
line between Okaneran county and Brit
ish Columbia for violation Of the customs
laws. They have been in the habit or
bringing goods across the line into this
state. taking advantage Of the fact that
there were no customs officers IN that I'M
mediate vicinity. ard the amount OF duty
on dntiahle goods found in their possession
when arrested was about SIS.
The names OF those arrested are: Q. =.
and p. r. Nelson. J. ]. AsR1ulik and F.
Pharr. OF Nielsen. Wash and Phil Cress-
or and F. Reany. CT Eureka.
They admit their guilt and VIII pay the
duty on the goods but Collector HeuStis
VIII not release them unless he gets orders
from the department 70 do so.
@. b and z. b. Nelson are the reserva-
tion storekeepers at Nelson, a town named
after them. on the boundary in the ColVtle
reservation, and also have a store at Car
son. b. c.. only half a mile distant. The
two stores are connected by telephone
The nearest customs officers are at Mar
Gus. ffty miles southeast. and Northport.
about the same distance due east, and at
orc. about sixty miles west Thus there
was every opportunity for smuggling with
cut detection.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
HOTEL GET THERE OPENED.
The Guests Well Cared for Despite
the Crush.

FORT GET THERE. Alaska. Oct. s.
Business opened up with a whirl at the
new Hotel Get There today. and the man
ager Capt. Charles II. Barber. and Clerk
]. w. Wilson were busy as hotel people in
q big convention city. During the day
Col. RandaI's command took up quarters
at the hotel, and there We're numerous
miners from Dawson and points along the
river in addition 10 guests from vessels
In the h9rbor. Despite the crush, every
body was Wen taken care OF. The building
IS not yet fully completed, but that fact
made little difference. The guests were
slowed away comfortably. The hotel
register for the day is as follows;
William X. Du Bell New Jersey.
Col. George NJ. Randall Fort Russell
Capt. Frank futile. L. s. s. Bear.
Or. o. l.. Edie. L. 5. army.
Lieut.. r. S. Walker. U. 5. army.
Lieut.. + Bell. L. s. army
Capt. William kidston, 5, s Portland.
John Funer. Seattle.
G. ~ Harrison. Atchison, b an.
W. A. Steel. Seattle.
Horace Mcclure. Seattle.
r. ]. Young. Eureka. ca.
H Rodgers. Eureka, Cal
r. r. Jones. Dallas, Tex.
l.. II. Anderson.
Il. l.. Ternier.
s y. Marten.
c. Bruce. Rampant City.
John Cummings. Anaconda, Mont.
Chris keenan, Anaconda, Mont
Thomas II. HInerson.
r. I. Gruener San Francisco.
Frank A. Sims. Denver
Frank f. Searles. Seattle.
Twenty-Five privates OF Col. Randalfs
command.
Cant. Barber has a force Of men. under
Architect y. b. Douglass. at work on an
other hotel building. Work VIII be pushed
and the structure completed at an early
day.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

ss,,evstef.- a.assef she ssser. ne-iso Feier-
- - !. fsawsa kngse. SeE eSnfe1t sa
49, - h~af - sfc-5rr'a ae'so inlS sss.E
Ell revolver 4 fatrd n1sa F-+ss
-. !. ssasnfnx eaaaV. ara. s3efrag o@.p.
- tEs~Fsrasyr * Z tire ara SeS s.N
,.rsvs 90 ssr days II TIE pot4ea cots t@ss
sim = DsuwG Cts.
The Passenger List
- rs.x ~ s.zrte naa - PASSENGERS
..s-~ aszrr,sv. 4 rns - being tispse NO
$50 a-seravsss1 ana ta.sed - cross 80
nsaz. Feglowtng = - O tas @'
czeae Acwn. NJ y. n
vFa~5srIng. II. = Mogre. :. 9. More =.
r.nss~vtrh. q Mathew. G. RI WAiprss
f.~~r~s n Kitf.ngsr. " =. HaN, = .
PEA. Josr C. Roe Ms. 1oha s. Ess
F-a ygrtsev J r. Hsnrshar DIX Mls-
iouzaby ! o. Noovs. Mrs. J = A22fs'
r,aassg pr3scss. g. O. Campfss.4 y -lin
f<aasisa. FREQ Mare1x. +. HFas. @9fln
svfstta Mrs. Emerson sizF Fridge. r.
srafslpsfora. l. r. Cole. =. =. 1onrn.
cast EDWARD C1sEaefsts. a 6. tWfjis,
George Esans d. p Nay. = a. peeps
Pew. Thomas p. TeeeFa. J. McCoy. =. %.
sankey. r. Desmlnx. A. r,ssrninE. II. ".
sssrr~fneharn J. N Young j CaTst9n.
THOMAS Aeora. +. j. Baiisasit Mrs.
PRESTIGE. q A. Iacobs. Prank Byrne. g.
NJ Tucker. r. z. Goalolgh. A II EE9er.
X. H. chSafarn. A. =. oariiek, Il. -. JoGn-
con. G. campDeil. J SHAW. J, II. Head.
iona Pierre, II. Evans. John Eras9n. II.
y. Donaly. G. Agdersou. &. MrDarma1t,
J r. Porter. J, J. 8cEntee. z. &olger.
Frank Bigger. C. y. Bridges. 7. Nof5tt-
william AiIsG, John AiIea. T. Hgghes. J.
r. Leslie A. fisnaerscs. l.. II. H#FllnEer.
C. c. Coleman. n. g Coleman J. J JOAN
II -
Bidwsll, T.. Gill. H. l.. Stokes. J. A. Co.'S
tells. -. -. McCa4!sy Louis Holmes A.
NJ calioagn. J. W. Hicks. q. W. Hicks.
H. Albion.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

ST MICHAEL. Alaeka. oct 9Th re
can be no real development ~ Alaska ua-
NJ q railroad has been buil, from ire head
q Lyun canal 70 ne Interior says Capt.
r Ander- deputy collector Of customs.
when such q Ina has been completed
the question q supplies VII - settled
au3 men cau GENE ard go easily 70 pros
pecf and tuild up he country"
Capt Ande-s thinks the region of the
Koukuk. above Nu.afo. ahout 10 miles
from ere Tanana. VII yet become q gold
producer Extreme dlf7lcalty In obtaining
supplies has kept prospectors away from
THAI part % Alaska Il Hes entirely with
fra the Arctic circle. and it, supply depot
is Arctic Ci,y. a post established ca the
Koukuk BY a trader named Beetles Gold
has been found OF au.the bars
Gold has also beer found on the banks
% tire Kewak, which rms into kogzebue
arrs~H
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
BARK GERMANIA's ESCAPE.
Only Constant Pumping Saved He,
From sinking In the Storm

Special Dispatch to the Post-Intelligencer.
NEW WHATCOM. Oct. 25.-The bark
Germania, Capt. Pearson. returned to
Whatcom today in a very leaky condition
after an attempt TO make San Francisco.
She left here on October Is with 500 600
feet OF lumber She reached the cape and
was becalmed till October 10, just out
side Then a gale came up and the YES
sci sprung a leak. She returned inside
the cape and again tried to make Il. but
another gale struck her and the leak be-
came worse and two storm sails were lost.
Both pumps worked night and day. Had
they failed, the bark would have gone
down.
They worked her back to Port Angeles
and tug brought her here, where she
VIII unload. She is one OF the Oldest yes
sells on the Coast. and was dry locked this
summer at San Francisco for repairs at
an expense OF $500.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

regularly for the periodicals w,,.
was connected. he produced !. 49,
quantity of plates for BOOK ,l.,., ,'sss ~
He held various ogaces II - s "a
Fund Society. the School :, n.. .Asss
Women, and the Pennsylvania - {
and was actively connected wsss sss1ssas
ucattonal institutions in phlladelnS1ss' \ !
1876 he had charge Of the ART aana.s-.
or the Centennial exposition. h 49, -. J.
signed several monuments. notably -, 1
Washington and Lafayette. h No,a.a.''
cemetery. Philadelphia. '-s.
His sons Samuel and William ana l,
daughter Emily have all attained s.s,,.-
ton as artists. The latter was h rAss,,
Of the art department OF the C9la,nas'
exposition AZ Chicago. and Il prlne,psl :
the Philadelphia School az Design I,
Women.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
MIAooK CREEK GOLD.
10 Assays aueh Higher Than the
ktenditsc Piacers.

Ngoook E7}i IS better then tast from
Gle Klon3-ke Assays - nuggets Hrourat
6Wn ru7 over SIS az ounce wtue Elou-
dixie stlF wl ave~aEe about So y Is
Rasmussen. a claim owuer on NTursok
brought out quite 6 seek and Tad il as
saved ia Victoria The resll; has pleased
Ells nightly
TIE Victcr.a Meta,lursiesl Works b5urh.
10 about t.ty pounds % tha sold nuggets
brought down by the successful miners.
TaeF PAID ~ average Of 81 per ounce.
Tie SOLD ran 81 the way from .-sa fne
~ - So e1e Hut Gtsie - e vas from
TIE kl5ndl<e district, NEST q Il coming
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

Men and Supplies Coming From
Yakima for the Colorado
Execution.

The loading Of $50 head OF horses and
cattle on the bark Colorado Will COM
rnence this morning. Twenty-One men
from Yakima. under the charge OF ]. G..
Cameron. left North Yakima yesterday
afternoon for this city on a special freight
train with eleven cars of horses and six
nat cars loaded with the supplies which
viii accompany the expedition 10 Dawson
City.
Many Of the Yakima men are old miners
ard all are strong and hardy. They viii
receive so per month while en- roU,e TO the
Klondke. ard VIII be staked on shares
after their arrival az the gold fields. being
furnished provisions for period OF months
as part 81 the contract.
The managers OF the Colorado hope that
she viii get away Thursday or Friday.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

twentv-one DAYS She had 27s skins 10
show for her cruise al the islands. which.
with her coast catch Of coo odd, totals up
10 about 900 skins The sehooners sadie
Turpel. from Boring sea, and Geneva,
from Copper islands. are at Hesauot on
their way home. The Turpel had 9pO Tor
her seasons work. She has about go for
her Bering sea cruise. With the return Of
those schooners all the Victoria fleet Will
have returned.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
Northwest Men nj the ran,,o.

Special t5lspatch 70 the Post-Intellsencer
"AsifINGTON. Oct. 2s.-Jarnes r T-sh
Gilman. OF Seattle spent sunse,, = yst = ~
inston- John Il. Hall prospective a.
ifict attorney for Oregon. Ia IN the civ,
to argue The Oregon mortgage tar !. =,
cases before the supreme court Mr. Han
appears Tor ne state and Multnonnah
eoanty unfolding the constitutionalitv o.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
\ Batch of New Postma.t.r~.

Special Dispatch 20 the Post-Tntelilgencer
WASHINGTON. Oct. 95.-The following
rostmasters have been appointed in WASH
IaEton: F8dalgo CITY. a ID. Quint. Glen
wood. George ". Bowen; lone. James
morrison. ki9na, Tena Scott; Pataha
City. c. 2. Smith; Silver Creek Afber, ~
Tucker, Spencer. William Jeffr.es. Surna !
CITY. Jacob II. Walraih. Sumner. Samuel
n. Cagfey; Troy. Anna Benson; Rosalis
". r Ward.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
CUT HIM. DUT NEVER PHAzEp HIM
Too Realistic Richard sIashes Rich
mond on the PhysioRuopy

BUTTE. Mont. Oct John Griffith
essayed Richard III. at the opera house
last night. In the closing scene Griffith
sword struck John Fay Palmer. who wa
doing Richmond. IN the face. cutting a
cash extending from above one eye across
the nose and cheek. The bone OF The nos
was broken, and a little more force would
have crushed into the brain.
Palmer turned his back 10 the audience
ana finished tire scene without any one
knowing what had happened.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
WHERE Is JOHN I. SMITH,
He Went TO sitl1a and Was No More
Seen at -karuay.

Special Dispatch to The lligencer.
SKAGTAY. Alaska Oct. 2.-The where
abauts % United States Commissioned
John T.. Smith Is the subject Of consider
able comment a. this place. Two weeks
ago Mr.. Smith left SkaKuay. ostensibly %
80 % S.tkR 20 seek Information az 10 the
rrouer fees 20 De charged in his Office.
Re has not teen heard from since. Sew
erai arrests have been made since his de-
parture. and the prisoners are neld await
irr Ms return Among these are q Brien.
Day ard Davidson. Of Seattle, charged
witch stealing provisions from = eacr- on
p---rtolue rIage and Pob Weight. or 81
wash poh" a SUB tyee ~ the Chlikocts.
arrested for warrior destruction u prop
erty and resisting an ottleer.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

viii be summary dealt with. Any
destitute sgragglers from the Yukon ar
irving before the last vessel leaves port
probably will be- sent 20 the states by
Col Randall at government expense. Col.
Randall. during the winter. may also be
called on TO deal with the problem Of sup
plying food for famlne-strieken miners, in
case any such come in.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
Appointed Deputy Marshal.

Special Dispatch 70 the acknowledgement.
PORT TOWNSEND. Oct. ga. j.
Mayo of this place. has been appointed
a deputy United States marshal. Port
Townsend has been without a deputy mar
shall for several months, but It was found
necessary 10 have one stationed here, ow-
ing to the important Federal litigation that
frequently originates in Port Townsend.
Mr.. Mayo is a deputy sheriff, and the Re-
publican state committeeman for Jefferson
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
M Live. Were Lost.

PORT TOWNSEND. Oct. 25.-The report
from Victoria TO the effect that two men
were lost by the capsizing Of the fishing
boat Thistle. which was picked up in the
Straits by the steamer Evangei Saturday.
was a partial mistake. as no lives were
lost. The Thistle which is an eight-ton
craft. was in tow of the tug Rainier when
her hawser parted, allowing her to go
adrift.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

VANCOUVER. b. G. Oct. 25.-Henry
ia ason. young Engllshman. who has
been here for about three weeks, cut his
throat I'm his room in the Oriental hotel
here, tonight. He is still alive, but II Is
not thought he can recover. He had been
on a spree for some time. and his funds
were exhausted.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
Found Dead I'm His Boat.

VICTORIA. Oct. 25.-W. II. Pickett, a
private in the Magazine island guard, was
found dead in his boat with a gunshot
wound in his side. Whether inflicted by
his own hand as the result of an accident
or otherwise is a question which none of
his fellow-soldiers or officers can answer.
Pickett was away from Magazine island
on a duck shooting expedition.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

Schooner Fisher Bros. Cap Jones. az
rived here yesterday from ST Michael.
Alaska. whlca she left September =. one
day la-er than the schooner BeTlag Sea
TIE voyage down was delayed by head
winds The only passenger vas Mr.. Gay
lord OF BuEsio. ~. =. 81 ex-usnbsF Of
the Eliza Anderson expedition
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
Seattle VS.. Port Townsend.

Special Dispatch 70 the Post-Intelligencer.
PORT TOWNSEND Oct. 25.-Much In
terest IL being taken here in the football
game that Is TO be played In Port Towns
end next Saturday between the Seattle and
Port Townsend high school elevens, and a
good attendance is assured.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

FANCCC YER. y. c.. Oct. &-Deputa-
ttous have been appointed by the various
municipal councils and the Board OF Trade
10 urge the provincial government 20 grant
: bonus o. Aea9 per mile FOR the railroad
rom sneonver 10 Boundary Creek. sane
toned By the legislature. 10 the yancof,,,l.
Victoria & Eastern Railway Company r..
Th.ch Messrs Mackeuzie and Mann the
"e.l-knowh railway contractors. are Iarga.
~ interested -
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

VICTORIA. p. O.. oct 9.-R. p Pg,h..
& sc. are about 20 extend their x1s-..s-
p Victoria outer haFbor % accornr1ole.. +,
- D,s increase In shipping which IL er-
- - :. sile spg.ng- They already have
west. "a tNs north
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

given three days in which 10 vacate the
street In the meantime the matter rests.
The removal OF the klondike Trading
Company's store was effected quietly. and
there was no disorder of any kind
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
Last Dividend on a Ruined hank.

Special Dispatch to the Post-Intelligencer
WASHINGTON, oct. 25.-Comptroller
Eckels today declared a final dividend OF
1,26 per cent. in favor of the creditors Of
the First National bank OF Whatcom,
Wash. making in all 26.26 per cent. on
claims proved. amounting 10 S1S094.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

fror. Eagle and Birch creeks snd a small
quantity from Murook. The Munook gold
was much better than the rest. being soft
and nslieable snd in every respect su-
perior 20 that from the other creeks.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

VANCOUVER. b. c., Oct. 25.-J. c. Pre-
vost, defaulting registrar Of the supreme
court at Victoria. has been released from
the pententiary. after serving two years.
Il-health is given as the reason for the
pardon,
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
$2OOO00

Don't waste yo4c flour and
butter and eggs by using cheap
baking powder.
Your money back if you
don I like Se4'Aissgs Best.
Ashi2.ag = Ceanssy
49, kgzacssaa .s-.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
MIST MOVE orr run STREET.

Sknzuay citizens Take Measures
AEstnsf Obstructive BcfIataz~-
'a' Utsratch 20 BE post- Tatel5s esu-er.
ShN-ftAY. sisska cct ta-The trco-
RE tha1 has been brewing over tne re-
nova - ans trucrIons from certain - che
streets q SEaEuav eliminated yeste-9av
afternoon, when 8 force e mer. headed
= CoL Il. {. Aovse. Capt Tanner ard J.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
The Senior. Re,rrn.n,

- - oElA b. c, Oct. 8.-seaiirv
.-'. -. flonesr returned from ne c.
Per Islands, having made "a. 49, &c '-op p
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26
It's a Hummer.

The PostneIgencer becoming well the East
the
the number Of letters received daily
Klondke
inquiries
9arers squarely regarding they
follows:
Builder City,
at
/ is a
Northern
fully r. f. BROOKS"
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1897-10-26

i -
II 4
!
II
i &
i
/ .
T.
-,
s>ss
sreu
slerf
&ptt
ssrty
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nan
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Il Th
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/ exits
| the r
/ fng d
|
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| Gcpp
| Mage
| ksSs
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| Iiv
! Ne,
/ s,ssr
| ssllas|
/ sss,r
| re n,
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| nag ID,
| Ksite
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/ CURED
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view.
wsshe
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1897-09-25
MACADAM AND TELFORD.
Systems of the Two Eminent Roadbuild
ers Briefly Explained.

GID EAPidihcus
1t was the custom of Macadam, after
the engineering work was completed
and the subgrade established, to spread
on layer of stone to a depth of ten
inches and to roll this surface with
heavy roller drawn by horses, writes G.
l.. Wbipple in Popular Science Monthly.
These stones were broken by hand with
small hammers, frequently whole
family working together, and were
broken small enough to pass through
8 inch ring, or were not to have max
imum weight of over six ounces A
family of five people could break several
tons per day. Side bitches were exca-
waited where necessary, so that at no
season of the year could water penetrate
to the substructure of the road.
In 1916 Macadam began the construc-
ton and maintenance Of 1870 miles of
turnpike in Bristol district, England.
A modification of this system was
adopted by Thomas Telford about this
time, which substituted layer, or
foundation, of irregular broken stone,
set up on edge on the subgrade Nine
inches was the maximum dimension of
these fragments. The rough surface
thus made was smoothed down by going
over it and breaking off the tops of the
blocks with small hammers and packing
the pieces thus obtained between the
large blocks. This surface was then
rolled as before. Telford built the cele.
brated Holyhead road. extending from
Holy head through north Wales to
Shrewsbury-a road that served as
model at the board of inquiry appointed
by parliament in 1928. Each system
had it's partisans, and today the best
features of both methods have been
adopted under different conditions, de-
pendent upon the character Of the
ground over which the road passes.