Connecticut western news., 1897-09-02

three by old methods.
 In leather manufacture modern meth ods have reduced the necessary mum Der of workers 50 per cent.
 A carpet measuring and brushing ma chine with one operator will do the work of 15 men by the old methods.
 In the manufacture of flour modern improvement saves 75 per cent of the manual labor that olice was necessary.
 In making tin cans one man and a boy with modern appliances can do the work of ten workers by the old process
 One boy, by machinery, in turning woodwork and materials for musical instruments performs the work of 25 men by the old methods.
 In the manufacture of boots and shoes there has been displacement of wage earners of so per cent by aid of ma chinery.
 In the manufacture of fire brick 40 per ceut of the manual labor is displaced by machinery.
 In the manufacture of wall paper one worker, by the aid of machinery, does the work of 100 workers by manual la Dor, and in cutting and drying paper by machinery four men and six girls do the work of 100 operators by old meth- ods.
 In manufacturing gunstocks one man by manual labor can turn and fit one gunstock in one day of ten hours, while three men now by a division of labor and the use of machinery can turn and fit 125 to l50 gunstocks in ten hours. This displaces the work of A to 49 wageworkers.
 In the manufacture of agricultural implements 600 operatives with ma chinery, including IS classes of wage earners. do the work of 2,145 wage earners without machinery, displacing 1,545 workers.
 Clothing is now chopped into shape by cloth cutting machine. Fully'three quarters of the ready made clothing worn by the people today has been cut out of the piece by machine. A pair of trousers or coat is not cut singly. The machines cut two or three dozen trousers CT coats at the same time. This means large saving of labor. Where some dozen years ago in large factory there were scores of men and women busily engaged in cutting buttonholes and threading the edges there arc now two or three machines which cut and sew with as much excellence, more regu larity and ten times greater rapidity.
 There are also machines which meas ure cloth Thousands have been thrown out of work by the introduction of these machines
 In the great agricultural regions the machine has created mighty standing army. It is the army of harvesters, which, in divisions and in brigades, on the great farms and in squads and files on the smaller, stands always ready for action and at the sound of the harvest horn. Beginning at the south and pro- ceeding northward, it moves on mili- tary line of battle extending over 1, 1000 miles. In front of it gre the waving grainfelds; behind it lie the scattered bundles When the few months of har- vest toll are over, the standing army dissolves into bands of rowing tramps.
 A rolling machine has been in use for some time. Among other things it will make IS, 900 boat calks day. The en- tire manufactories of the country aver aged 4,000 day before it was invented. Two of these machines will make all the. chair screws and letterpress screws demanded by the trade of the United States, and a few of the machines are capable of supplying the combined armies and navies of the world with spherical and conical shot.
 By the use of coal mining machines 160 miners in a month can mine as much coal in the same time as 500 min CTS by the old methods.
 The Individual Worker.
 We might go on almost indefinitely to show how the machine has added to I the productive capacity of man and how | it has destroyed labor. That it has greatly benefited the consumer and | turned what were formerly considered | luxuries into common necessities goes without saying; but, as to the general results, they can best be determined by consideration of the fact, so great | has been the displacement of labor, that were it not for the various labor organ 1 izations, which may rightly be termed | labor trusts, the employee would have | absolutely nothing to say to an em- ployer in the transaction of sale and purchase of the labor of his hands. And when the condition exists that the " orA CT has absolutely no control ever the only thing he has in the world of any value-namely, the work of his hands he might just as we'll be slave. In fact, labor can never be free until the individual worker has as much power to determine what wages he shall receive as the employer has to say what he will | pay. Nor is he free while labor organi- cations fix the price which he shall re- ceive for his work
 Now, admitting the wrong, the griev- ance, the disease, which is simply a lack of steady employ idleness-what is the remedy?
 Is it in the governmental control of great franchises and industries? No Excellent as this idea may be, it would add little or nothing to the total amount of work to be done.
 Is it in the use of more currency ol in the contraction of what we already have? No. Because, while it makes a good deal of difference to the man who has debts to pay whether he gets many or few dollars for the sale of his labor, the workingman, per SC, merely wants his labor to be high priced in compari son with that of other commodities.
 Is it in arbitration, compulsory O otherwise? Emphatically no. Arbitra tion will not enable an employer to pa. penny more or an employee to worl for penny less per day than he cal afford to do without arbitration.
 Is it in cooperation between employ CT and employed? No. There can be II l successful cooperation where all shar
 in the profits and part are compelle'
 to bear the losses.
 Is it in the application of the gospe 1 Gr religion or henevnlenca tn tha trans