The Hawaiian gazette., 1897-07-30

tween tne TWO places at any time, ana II
would be well to have a representative
of Hawaii appointed who can keep the
Hawaiian authorities advised as TO the
sanitary condition OF the place. give con-
sular certificates and perform any of the
duties that may fail to such an official.
Shanghai is probably the best governed, |
as ii is the cleanest and most enterpris-
ing city in the East. The sanitary con-
dition of the place is excellent. Plague
has never been there, even during 1894
and 1856, when il was raging in Hong
kong. The Municipal Council are on the
alert however, and have taken steps to
handle the disease, should it make its APP
pearance. The usual medical inspection
is made of all vessels arriving from For
mosa, Foo Chow, Annoy and Swallow, and
isolation hospitals for foreigners and ma
tives have been established down the
river, where there will be little risk of
the disease spreading to the town.
DR.. J. Taylor Grant, municipal surgeon
and Health officer, has charge of the
sanitation of the place. He is kept in
formed as TO the existence of contagious
diseases by receiving weekly reports from
the various physicians, and from these
reports he makes up a weekly statement
to the health of the city.
The principal disease they have to con-
tend against is smallpox, but owing TO
the more general use of vaccination, il is
becoming less of scourge than it form
erly was. DR.. Grant makes the virus.
and il is distributed TO the hospitals, pub
lie institutions and physicians gratuiS-
ously. The Chinese are beginning to APP
preciate the value of vaccination, and are
having the operation performed more and
more every year.
Cholera is also a disease that appears
every year during the summer months
amongst the Chinese population. So far.
there have been no cases this year j
would recommend the appointment of DR..
Grant as sanitary inspector for Hawaii,
in order that he may give the supple
mental bills of health to the steamers,
and in the event of emgrants leaving
perform the other duties appurtaining
to the position.
NAGASAKI.
DR.. NJ G. Paul, the sanitary inspector
for Hawaii at this port, since his appoint
ment last year, has had nothing what
ever TO do, as no Storage passengers or
freight have gone from here to Honolulu.
He has not been in the habit of giving
supplemental bills of health to the steam
ers, but it would be desirable to have him
do so. At the present time, there is con-
siderable smallpox at Nagasaki.
Ships take coal here, and large num-
bers of coolies are on board to handle it.
Furthermore, both here and at Kobe,
number of peddlers come on board to dis
pose of trinkets, counterfeit postage
stamps, etc, to gullable tourists. This is
a practice which should be stopped, es-
While in Nagasak DR.. Paul took me
to the quarantine station, about two
miles down the bay. The officials re-
ceived us cordially and went to great
pains to show us the entire establish
ment.
All vessels arriving from Formosa and
China are obliged to anchor off the quar-
antine and undergo a rigid inspection.
Only two weeks before my visit ship
arrived from Formosa with a case of
plague on board. Two other cases devel-
oped amongst the passengers while in
quarantine. If there is no sickness on
board on arrival, even though but three
days out from Formosa, the ship is al
lowed to proceed into port. 1t is only in
case of there being actual sickness on
board that the ship is detained at quar-
antine
KOBE.
Kobe is a port of great Importance to
Hawaii, as it is from here that most of
the japanese emigrants take their de-
parture and large quantities of freight
are shipped. 1t is second only to Yokoha-
ma in the amount of shipping, and may
be destined, before many years, TO be the
principal port of Japan. Sake and food
stuffs are the principal exports to Ha>
wall.
Kobe is the home port of most of the
small Japanese tramp steamers. owned
and manned by japanese. Most of the
emigrants to Hawaii come from this
neighborhood and make, or would like to
make, Kobe the port of departure.
DIR. R. Moore Graham is sanitary in
spector and acting Hawaiian Consul. He
complains of not having received any no
tification from the Government of the
trouble about the emigrants, who were
returned on the Shinshiu Maru, Sal1ura
Maru and Kinai Maru. For weeks he
did not know whether the difficulty was
on account of some error in carrying out
quarantine regulations or not He also
regrets having no authority to enforce
regulations as he has no commission to
act as Consul.
emigrants has been ~ the distinfection
of clothing, ~ inspection and after the
characterization regulations were re-
ceived, 81 segregations. The clothing was
subjected to sulphur fumigation for "a
hours in a small building on the Bund,
from whence 1t was taken on board the
steamers in lighters.
There is the opportunity now of using
a hot-air chamber for disinfection. Mr..
Allerton has two large steam chambers
in goodwin that are used for the disin-
lection of rags before shipment to the
United States. Arrangements can be
made with him to use them for disin-
fecting baggage when occasion requires.
These chambers are built of brick, are "a
feet lone. 10 feet wide and feet high.
Steam pipes run up the sides, and two of
them have perforations for allowing the
steam to escape in the chamber. The
goodwin is within 100 yards of the beach,
where the baggage could be taken on
board of lighters and transferred to the
steamer There is talk of putting up q
bath house on the premises, where the
emigrants could be bathed before going
on board. Should this be DONE and the
place put in little better condition, the
regulations could be carried out to the
satisfaction of the board.
The doctor sees the emigrants at least
twice before they board the ship-once
about six days before, when they are all
vaccinated, and a second time a day be-
fore, to see If the operation has been
successful. Inspections are regularly
made after the emigrants are on board
of the steamers, shortly before depart
ure- At this time he also inspects the
crew and any steerage passengers en-
amongst them, the patient is removed
from the ship
When he received notice, last winter,
that an INSTRUMENTATION quarantine
was required, he had the immigration
company hire a large temple in Hiogo
for the purpose of segregation. The cool
les were placed in this enclosure and
tor visited the temple twice a day, and is
satisfied that the quarantine was faith
fully kept. This enclosure is several
acres in extent, surrounded by a high
stone wall and near the outskirts of the
town. 1t is admirably adapted for the
purpose, though it is a little distance
from the water, as will be seen by refer
ence to the map of Kobe. This necessi-
tated the quarantined people going
through the streets for quite a distance
In regard to the ante-embarkatio quar-
antine, DR.. Graham is of the opinion
that it is uncertain and unreliable. sure
TO meet with the opposition of the au-