davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
sgenw
{M'E2|5;9E1'f
TEMPERAMENT IN cows.

Dividing Line Between Beer ana
Milk T2mperameMts.
Just where the dividing line always
is between beef and milk tempera-
ments is often, iii individual cows,
quite hard to determine, but when
hundred cows are compared, this line
is easily found in ninety-five of them,
and the remaining five, Ii tested for
year with scales and q fat tester,
would be less difficult to define. Some
of the chief promoters of the tempera-
ment doctrine now are buSily engaged
in classifying it, or rather subdiyldlng
It, so that there now seems to be
sort of trinity combination about it;
Prof Curiss of Iowa and Hacker OF
Minnesota being it's chief priests at
present, the latter having added a
muscular" temperament to 1t, to APP
ply to a class of dairy cows that cam
not be fattened at all. all the nutrients
fed to them going, if not to milk, to
the muscular system. OF course, all of
us have thin, sharky cows, that all
''go to" milk or wickedness, but the
cause FOR it is now announced by Prof.
Hacker, and with all the more proof,
as he himself is one of the kind that
has all the nutrients of his food de-
posted in his nerves and muscles,
never going to visible fat. Hear what
he has to say:
Take an animal with a long spinal
column. a long neck, generally a long
tail, thin TANKS, and an animal of that
description you can feed all you want
to and it will never get fat. You
might give me half Il dozen meals a
day and L wouldn't get fat. My tenn
permanent prohibits it. Now, in the
third kind of a cow the nervous tenn
permanent dominates, and it will not
let the nutrients in the blood go to the
muscular system or the vital SYSTEM
but they are conducted down through
the udder You will always notice that
the best COW always breads cold the
most. The best COW will always come
to the barn door first to come in. Sim
ply because the nutrients are not dis
tributed over the body in the form of
flesh, as with the beef animal, or in
the muscular system. What we want
is a dairy COW, one in which the mus
cular system has become dormant
John Gould in Practical Farmer.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
Rotation.

In order to be successful in general
farming it is necessary, above all
things, that we obtain a good stand of
grass in our rotation crops, whatever
the rotation may be, which should not
be more than three or four years apart;
that is to say, we should have good
sod to turn under every three or four
years. Without it the soil becomes
too compact Rotation is not a fad Of
the age, and no man has patent upon
it. Nature began It long ago. When
the forest oaks and hickories have
been removed a thick growth Of ever
green's appears; in New England,
where the white pine forests have been
cut away, the maple, chestnut and oak
have sprung up. A similar voluntary
succession is found in the timothy
meadow, followed by blue grass.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

/ made a stone boat from three two
inch planks placed side by side, cross
piece on the front end two inches
thick and the sides and back pieces
three by five inches. 1t is put together
with bolts, which makes it very
strong. The axletree was an old one
once used on a buggy. / placed it on
the upper side of the planks, cutting
notch in each side piece. The middle
plank is strengthened with an iron
cleat A set of wheels is made of two
inch plank bolted together, the side
next the boat beveled little. They
are about one foot in diameter and
when on the axle raise the boat six
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
Farm Notes.

A cheaply-constructed manure shed
would be most paying investment on
many farms.
Time spent this winter in posting up
and planning will be repaid with big
rate of interest next summer.
Sugar beet culture is more like mar
ket gardening than raising corn or
or wheat.
Keep only the best cows. Test fire.
quently and constantly weed out the
inferior ones.
The question of teaching elementary
agriculture in the public schools seems
to be claiming much attention in the
institutes.
Decide on regular rotation of
crops. A proper rotation will every
year render the soil more fertile, in
stead of running the land down.
The crop department of the State of
Iowa reports a loss of over 30 per
cent of all the hogs in Iowa by cholera.
The money loss is stated to be $1,000
600.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

quickly fasten the log chain (c) Sc
curely around the log. Next insert a
stout pole (dl about six or eight feet
long under the chain on top of the log.
While bearing down on the pry pole
have the boy place thick block across
the hounds; the thicker the better.
This takes the strain off the hounds.
Let the pole rest on this and the log
loaded IN loading Il large heavy log
pry it up and place a thick block I'M
der it. Then fasten the chain as be-
fore. insert the pole. bear down on the
pry pole. have the block placed across
the hounds and the log is again loaded
In getting up supply of wood for the
winter in this way one can haul the
smaller wood and the log at the same
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

raise the dirt which is shoveled into
the box or other carrier, as at e, after
being lowered. Two two-inch boards
are laid as at II II in the cut. e 4 are
also two-inch boards, fastened at one
end and loose at the other so they can
be spread apart to allow the box d to
descend into the we'll. When it comes
up loaded they are again placed as
shown in the illustration and the box
rests upon them. The track, *, is of
plank and convenient for drawing the
box over it to be emptied. A small
truck can be run under the box after
it is raised. over the track X and on
the cross pieces + f. This makes I'M
loading much easier. A short sled,
built after the fashion of a stone boat,
has also been found convenient for
dragging it away by horse.-John
Tucker. Decatur county, Ind.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

Of one-sixth to the fat is equivalent to
an sover-run' Of is % per cent. or a
yield of 116 g-3 pounds Of butter from
100 pounds of fat Factories that are
well managed will show an over-run OF
II to Is per cent. Occasionally, with
very careful management and Where
the butter is made to carry all the
water possible, IS % per cent may be
reached or even exceeded. If a less
per cent is reported, there is some I'M
necessary loss of fat in some part OF
the manufacture"
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
Swine in the Dairy

The change in the market demands
character to be of the most beneficial
results to the dairyman, and makes
the hog more than ever an adjunct of
profit to the dairy. Under the old sys-
tenn of swine culture a market hog
of $50 or 400 pounds was demanded,
and in getting this animal to attain
that weight, the resulting carcass WAS
principally fat, and attended with
much loss in food value in cOnSe-
quence. Now the market asks for a
light hog, from 175 to 200 pounds, a
pig of quick growth, and made up, not
of animated lard, but with a greater
proportion of lean meat and bacon
sides. This is in the dairyman's favor,
as in producing this smaller, leaner
hog the use of skim milk is made of
much more value, as it can be more
economically used in making growth
than in making fat and weight after
growth has been attained. While milk
is always valuable as pig food, and at
any time, it's greatest value is assured
at the shOat stage, as, during the time
of rapid growth, ii has almost a dOu-
that would make pound Of live
weight if mixed with corn meal suffi-
cient of itself to make another pound,
will, if united, make a gain of about
three pounds of live weight, but, it
fed to full-grown fattening hog, will
give no scuh results. Here is q mat
ter of economics that is of Importance.
With the milk and meal diet, with a
run on clover and peas, the spring pig
is ready early in the fall for market.
A more important demand made for
the milk. and, as compared with a
milk-fed large hog, the milk-fed pig
shows that the milk has a nearly dou-
BILE value, and when the large hog sold
at market prices would show a loss,
the pig fed on the milk would be dou-
bled in value Think of these things.
There is more in the dairy than most
people suppose.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05


The richer the food the better the
manure.
Milk from a fresh cow produces the
most perfect flavor of butter.
The cost of support is in proportion
to weight; but the yield in butter is not
in such poportion.
Slightly new cream needs churning a
few degrees lower than sour cream
cream that has stood for several days.
No matter in what shape the flavor
exists in butter. we know that it is ex-
ceedingly volatile and escapes easily.
Butter that is washed until it is dry
and hard usually lacks that quick.
fresh taste that is in butter not SC dry
and hard.
When butter is worked very dry the
grains of salt left in it are not dis
solved and remain in a gritty condi-
ton.
The principal advantage with Jersey
milk it that the proportions of all of
it's solids are greater and of water less
than the average milk.
Heifer calves should be fed clover
hay, grass and oat meal, and such
foods as will stimulate milk produc-
ton.
A COW should always be MIXED clean
to the last drop in the udder, as OH
that practice the duration of her milk
ing season will largely depend.
The heifer that is expected to make
a good dairy cow should always be
kept in a good, thrifty condition-not
Stunted in growth at any time-as this
will nr0ya ORA Whacl 10 hnr TrnprnSc
to maturity.
Breeders of the small dairy cows
claim that large COWS eat in proportion
to their size, and have to consume
such large amount of food to sustain
life that it renders them improbable.
The profit in butter-making is that
amount received over and above the
cost of caring for and feeding the
cow, with interest on her value and
other expenses Of caring for her.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

inches from the ground, leaving it free
to slide over rough places. The axle
should be placed six or seven inches
from the middle toward the front.
This lets the back end lie on the
ground or it can be loaded to ride on
the wheels. With this boat one horse
can do the work of two on the old
style. 1t will not wear out like a drag
boat-Ambrose Odell, Oneida county
n. Y.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

accompanying drawing shows the con-
struction of an improved ventilator i'll
use by me. Fig. 1 is the interior view
and Fig. 2 the exterior. 1t acts auto
matically in opening by loosening the
rope and closes by pulling the rope. 1t
excludes snow and rain better than
Stats and made of glass also admits
the light. Eugene Williams, Cattar-
angus county, N. Y.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
C.N
dlg63iHe9 el6aa&
3lI6,P,!II'5iiJILI5;1'11i4R}kE
~ E~j:s<=s--z-
VALUE OF GRASS SEEDS.
Permanent Pastures Continue to
Grow Better With Time.

Permanent Pastures Continue to
Grow Better With Time.
Prof Brewer, of Yale university, in
a lecture, said: 1T is believed that
permanent pastures, il we'll handled,
continue to grow better for fifty or a
hundred years: some say for much
longer than that. IT is nearly forty
years since I was in England, but
well remember that English farmers
told me that pasture of meadow had
to be at least twenty-five years old to
be good, and was not really excellent
until the third or fourth rental forty
two or siXty-three years. at least.
There was no other one feature in En-
glish scenery which SO impressed me
as the English turf, whether seen i'll
either the pastures or the parks and
lawns Many of the parks are in fact,
pastures One sees sheep everywhere.
Even Oh the Fairgrounds of the col
leges and schools one sees fiocks of
sheep. kept there for the benefit of the
turf When Connecticut public opinion
shall protect sheep on the Yale athlet-
ic field from the dogs, then will the
State of Connecticut be able to grow
more of the mutton which it now con-
Sumes. and the state be richer by very
many millions of dollars. Many hill
side, now half-barren will then be
green with turf, and the mutton on our
tables will be better and cheaper.
'"rhe beauty of the turf on old En-
glish lawns eXcites the admiration OF
all Americans who go there. When
visited the experiment station carried
on by Lawes 4 Gilbert, the plots OF
grass used to test the effect Of fertiliZ-
erS on the relative abundance OF the
different species, was taken from the
lawn. We do not know how long it
has been established they told us; we
know, however, that there has been
neither pillow nor spade in it for over
400 years, and it was, therefore, old
enough for our purpose it is not easy
for us Americans to appreciate such
fact When Columbus started on his
voyage of discovery that lawn was al
ready long established"
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

time to the wood pile, where the log
can be cut UP for back logs for the
fireplace and saves handling the back
logs twice and much heavy lifting and
saves the wagon bed. BY this simple
method one man and a stout boy can
load any reasonably sized log without
any heavy lifting-Theodore A. VIII
katis. Dallas county, Mo.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

A cross-cut saw, or two-man saw, can
be adjusted so that one man can saw
as much wood as two and as easily as
with man at each end. The arrange
ment is a piece of board (b) one inch
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
a SimDIe WAY to Load Logs.

Roll the log on a good-sized pole,
back the wagon, the butt end of the
log should be about the center of the
hounds, then get thick block ca and
pry up with a stout pole (b), and while
the boy is bearing down on the pole
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
Heard at the Races

lnquiring Spectator-Whi ch horse
was it that won2
Speculative Spectator (gloomilyl-I
don't know the name Of the hcrse thaf
won; but | know the names of nlosf Of
tue horses that didn't Nin.''-New York
S uo you love ne" she said Ian.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
Care of CaIving.

After having used all possible care
in selecting the COW, a dairyman is re-
ported in the Wisconsin Farm InSti-
tutes to have said. and after you have
religiously resolved to treat her with
kindness and consideration, your prof
it's for the year all depend on the treat
ment you give her for thirty days after
freshening. Give special attention to
her general condition and health prior
to this. time-a prosperous, thriving,
up-graJfe condition preferred. 1t is
after freshening that all the skill and
Judgment of the herdSmea is called for.
She should have g box stall, and in
winter weather should be kept blanket
ed and absolutely free form drafts of
cold air for thirty days. All water
given should have the chill taken off,
and she should receive small quantities
frequently, especially for a few days.
Remember the COW has more or less
fever at this time, her temperature
ranging from 103 to 103 -, or even
1O4 degrees is often reached without
any apparent physical disturbance.
For this reason, coupled with the fact
that she is mother, performing the
functions of maternity, she is sick
COW, and in all cases should be treated
as such .Twenty-four hours previous
to parturition we administer one-half
ounce of nitrate of potash in one pound
of salts. After freshening she should
receive ten grains of aconite twice a
day, to counteract the fever. If she is
a heavy mixer, give no slop food for
week, or until the danger period is
passed. Do not expect an increased
flow of milk until the fever subsidies
and she resumes her normal condition.
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
How Much Fat Is Needed to Make
Il Pound of Butter:

This is an eyer-recurring subject,
and from the fact that the average
dairyrnan has an idea that the results
of Babcock test result in a substance
the same as when we churn, when the
fact is the test gives a sample of but
ter fat oil, free of every substance but
oil, and butter has fully u to 10 per
cent of water and salt in it. This is
what the dairy professor at Cornell
make pound of butter depends upon
SAYS: ''The amount OF fat required to
make a pound Of butter depends upon
the amount of water, curd. etc, con-
tanned in the butter, and also, upon the
amount of fat lost during the process
of the manufacture. III determining a
constant for estimating the yield of
butter from the amount of fat secreted
by the COW. the latter element was ig
nOred. because it was considered that
the COW should not be charged with
lack of skill in the buttermaker, or
losses due to imperfect machinery.
The usual estimate is to compute the
butter as having So per cent fat and
the balance as foreign substance, or to
add one-sixth to the butter-fat read
ings OF the test In factory work 1t
will be found that this factor is slight
ly too large, because OF the losses OF
fat already alluded r.. the addition
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05
Digging a well by Horse Power

Horse power is cheaper than human
muscle. To use the former in we'll dig
ging, set four timbers 4 by inches
firmly in the ground over the we'll hole
and bolt them together at the top. AT
a attach strong rope. run it through
a pulley, as at i, through another sus-
pended from the top of the framework.
and finally through a pulley at d and
to the whiffletree. The horse can easily
The River Falls times. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1894-1933, 1897-01-05

by three inches with hole in each end
to fit tightly over the handles and a
slot (a) in one end to traddle the blade.
When logs are not too thick this can
be readily manipulated.-S. Dole, Mar
ion county, Ill.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-10-01
LIVE STOCK MARKET.

- NewYork. september 20. 1897
BEENES-Rece!pts ono car 30 head No trading Of
any account Feeling steady. Dressed beef steady at "a
De per n fr prime city dressed native sides
Gables from London and Liverpool quoted
at lo.calc dressed weight refrigerator b"ef 7sasc
per n
Tho Kansas CITY Bristol to-day 200 cattle for
Prrchard Moore & Co. Tomorrow the State Nelras-
kn fr 1Ssow, VIII take II cattle for Schwarzsch,ld
Sulzbergersnd 80 head for j. shamtcrs 4 son
CALM ~ Receipts al for the market were 1917 head
IL Jersey CITY md sj Quality cnns,d-
cred. prices all around averaged fuy
day. and the pens were cleared good season Veals
sold S5 - ., 100 Ib gassers buttermlts nj
80 Si Citydressef vesls steady NJ lOsaI2i,c coun.
try dressed hrm n sGlc. nccssiona. sale hsne made
high HE dressed ttcrmiIks sold t
elsc little calves at GIii.c
Sales H. n: Hollis; II ycaIs. AZ n average At 81
per 100 n: IL do l3s ~! nj SO SCI; do H. M So DO
267 NJ IS ed ca.es PA n. at - 80: grasser.
$50 10 at 50 So 10 grasse:s and yssriings nixe n
81 10
Geo,Re Dienbaci Q, eais. 40 II, at 81: do go NJ
at 50. 4 10. 20S n. At 50 80.
IS. ia mixed calves :79 %. at 81 So 10 fed calves
Newton q Co.: : veals 100 a. at s. -
SHEEP AND LAMBS Receipts. including cars drec,
butchers % 80 head making with the
carried yesterday a total ~ ~ car, Z,
be sold-i4 Jersey city and sixethst 4 dulnsss
the market caused light inquiry from opening
and the market dragged considerably barely former
prices. About carried Poor 10 good
sheep sold f3d$i % per 100 NJ common lambs
al S5gs3 dressed mutton. 6is3sc n; dressed lambs
7q0sc.
saes-a Judd 8 Co.. 2os Buffalo lambs p.-. Can
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-10-01
RAILROADS..
PENNSYLVANIA
RAILROAD.

STATIONS 100, o., WEST rwENTY.THIRID1 s STREET
AND DISTINGUISHES AND coRTLANpT snd cortiand,
Streets is five minutes later than that give" '@
M S FAST MaA-Puan Bane, psr 20 car Car
'" %'w York to Ftsburg Sleeping Car Psours 10 VI"
FRI 6!.yfllns
tIon Sars For Chicago Cleveland Toledo Cincinnati"
!ssi T. H. c 1pl',s 4 LOUIS
SIS T'h " WE s fHss'iEx
'iso W. Fog 4fa3 ssffP Pitts
s y" tod nASF'S for ana
7s ass sss PSlns 1879 nn12x y cars, ls'
3s CSngessonal Lin all Pa aa2 ans s, pn'ns i2o
a s DINING nnda car rs 20 sg :Dp c5 m
sona Ps9r and Dining I'M f g 70 night i1S 'D'"s
soCTiIERN RAILwAY.-Express AIS p M 1910 night
Atlantic COAST LINE.-E1pre's sa' a. M and s''
G 6F 3 hSTx4 9HP sDd m M
ATsS4f aTa 72i 3 % r. daily ia
IAPE pan5b HsSarp Fsk nsen sundays
Grove an Poin Pleasant from Yves. i,
ss B. s m sunt SS q a. $50 M o%
sna CSr'aoa s'rs"'s 49, $40 n" 3, I'm" ?sG
6nas @s, rs; .,Gs $ ,I s;s G s5s
t:? G z 10 9sA is, su 10 ss s m
az ss d3 s aT a ar ~ 20 o2 ss i s'S PITTS
Ticket ces MOI. 4G 49, zee s:s III and - 2s,
,na sr s9a tour" 2S q so 1aT
.r and y H. S''S so's G
pany will call for and check baggage from hotels and
residences through To destination $1,000
General Manaer General Pass'r Agent
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-10-01
THE TRADE IN CHICAGO

Chicago Sept. 30 SpecaD.-At times TODAY vh.o,
looked sick and yet Its lowest point was shade
last nights close. The close H., 10 "a CENTS ov.-
Wednesday. May made the best gain There was v.r,
influential buying 81 that future. leading in n
narrowed the discount that the close only
to cent under December. The December opened a, sat,
cents sold between sob and DO, and cosei a, vs
4@A certs. This the day for No spring wheat q,
become irregular on delivery II good on contracts mn
t. to night. from tomorrow II Will h.. availah,
The effect was to create great selling pressure. IN m.
sample narket and also to put the September :, a ra
markabe discount undo. December. At one ,,mo -.
September "a cents discount but at the clos r. ,as
IN cents In the sample market lots OF
grades OF spring wheat doubled recent tn
tone Of the market finally changed by me uorli, 80
80 900 bushels No spring TO Liverpool t,harnrs W.
made for H. and will clear at once Cables wsra un.,
pected,y steady. not IN much the American mar
kets yesterday. Higher cables are hooked ,or W
Friday morning There relief 10 IN. Jro,,h t.,
Indication Of Immediate ra.9 II 4, bne,. ~,
the winter wheat Will show reduction +, ,hs.
Immediate rain. and II II mods oT ano,hc- ro.k
thought that tire redction IN viii he sero,e Nc,
Chicago Louis was part ,uafly strong "a q c.n,
over Chicago although 1t has more ,hea, th,n
tits market. C1earances bush..s o.
Minneapolis and Duluth there olo cars ssains,
In pit the buying OF May by Linn possibly SO0 Goa
around 81 and who has been waiting for an oppor-