The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1897-02-12

! burden which tvnegrOes under ordinary
conditions woulfefuse. Mountaineering
ers in the Alp under the influence OF
| than before ar without the fatigue and
| oppression in leathing from which they
had always sIered previously. The kola
| nut grows onhe west coast of Africa. on
each side ofthe equator. from Sierra
| Leone 20 thEongo. From this district it
| is carried al an article of commerce all
oyer me eotet ronicaI Is SuHCgt uly 6 SIi IN
| the besinnB of the seventeenth century
| ii was broIht TO the West Indies by slave
dealers foFhe benefit of the negroes, who,
| without I'were liable TO become so de-
! pressed iISpiritS as tofs ,cken and die, 1t
! is now giwn all over the West India Is
! lands az the adjacent shores of South
| and Ceual America, and is consumed in
| immenS quantities, almost entirely re-
| placinafea, coffee and alcohol. The nut
| is theFuit of largo tree; It Is about
| the ST of a horse SAestcut and grows
| in laTe pods from three to eleven IN d
| pod Che dried nut contains no active
| prind)le save caffeine, Of which il has
aboV the same per cent as coffee In
stuTng the effect of stimulants in war,
it pist be remembered that if two equal
arues are facing each other, and one,
byieason of 1ola or other stlmulantS, can
dopne-tenth more than the other, 1t will
besuccessful, other things being equal /;
I'd if there arc 250,01 men engaged, IL viii
aAount to the same thing as reinforce
Yent of $1,000 men.
HNdllOllS lOT lQE dIIlllES Ol GiNtaiItu Id
ions in future wars viii be considerably
different from what they have been hith-
erto. 1t has come to be realized that a
certain amount of fresh food is absolutely
made exactly like the fresh article in all
respects save freshness, are not Satisfac-
tory. Infants fed on fresh milk are
healthy; those fed on condensed milk and
certain dried baby foods frequently have
seurvy, and the same rule operates in
adults who do not get fresh things to eat.
The greater advances in this direction are
being made in Germany and France by
means of cold storage. In time of war
they propose to ship fresh beef to the front
by rail. The German military authorities
have enormous refrigerating rooms at
tached TO slaughter houses in a dozen
cities. Fresh bread is equally necessary
as substitute for bareback, and it will be
forwarded daily by rail to the front, as
Army of the Potomac. The French are
also perfecting bakeries in wagons. so
that bread may be made on the march
Hard-tack has already been replaced in
the French army by so-called war bread,
the manufacture of which was for long
time kept secret as to its method, When
put into hot water or soup it swells up
like a sponge History tells that as long
as armies have waged war in hostile coun-
tries, military men, seeing the necessity
for carrying food along and being hamper
ed by insufficient transportation, have
tried to concentrate the rationS. Such
experiments have always failed. Con-
densed rations may serve for emergency
purposes, but they viii not keep men well
for any length of time. The soldier
field ration, theoretically, should include
fresh meat and fresh vegetables in the or
binary variety and frequency usual with
civilians.
The most successful emergency ration
ever adopted is the pea sausage of the
Germans. 1t was invented by a cook
named Grunberg, whose secret consisted
in his method of preserving the peas from
q q rra11a cd Tvrf Lo
German government for $25,O 600. 1t was
first used on a large scale in the Franco
Prussian war. The sausage is composed
of pea meal, fat and bacon. The same
ness of this food was compensated for
by the large stores of wine found in the
of Paris. 1t is dissolved in
hot water, making a savory and nourish-
ing soup. The pea sausage has been laud-
ed by enthusiasts as the chief cause of
German success in the Franco-Pruss!an
war.