The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-01-17

the Board OF Admiralty OF the eighteenth cehs
fury. with which. except In the power stiH re-
tained by tho First Lord. 1t haslittle In common
but name. The subject. then. Of the present
volume 10 tha Navy Board considered
as the predominant authority between 1648
and 1860. A history OF tho modern adj
ministration should. consequently. In exactness.
begin in 1896. but an academic prectseness OF
date would be obtained at the expense OF his
torical accuracy. since Henry VIII, remodelled
the navy before he touched the administration
The year OF his accession has therefore been
chosen as the starting point. We are cautioned,
at the same time. to bear in mind that there is
very much less difference between the great and
complex nd administration OF to-day ard the Navy
Board of April "a. 1910. than there was between
the Board OF April "a and what existed the day
before. Within tho twenty-four hours the old
system had been replaced; Its successor has been
altered In form. but not In principle.
I.
We arc accustomed to the general statement
that Henry VIII. enlarged tho English navy. but
the list complied by Mr.. Oppenheim shows q
much more extensive increase than IL implied
by q general expression. Exclusive of thirteen
rowbarres. the list includes eighty-fvo vessels.
of which ~forty-six were built. twenty-six pur-
chased. and thirteen were private. As ro-
khTut BIC. Wo uHu OnF. u oTCht
Harry. mentioned In LongfelIow's Build
Ing OF the Ship" Of a thousand tons
burden; one Of 300 tons, two Of 700 each.
three Of 500. and n considerable number Of
400 tons and upward. Tho dockyards then
existing could have hardly been equal to
the demands on them for repairs alone. and
this Ia doubtless one reason for tho large num-
Der OF ships purchased. q course which was also
probably cheaper for the moment. All Henry's
foreign purchases seem to hnve boon Italian or
Hanscatlc. At one time he hired several Span
ish vessels, and tried to buy some. but his do
sires were vain In face OF tho strict Spanish
navigation laws.
The vessel which has tho chief place IN popu-
lar memory is the Great Harry. whose full
name was Henry Grace 4 Dleu." Mr.. Open
helm thinks thai she probably differed little In
form or equipment from others nearly As large.
Her total cost. with the three small barks
built with her. was Gs. 7os. but, out OF tho 2. 73o
tons OF timber used, nearly 1000 cost nothing.
being presented by several peers. private per-
sons, and religious bodies. Other Items men
toned In her construction account are Sc tons
Of iron. sos stones OF oakum. and III pounds
OF FAX. Sho was q and possibly q
two-deckor, with fore. main. and mizzen top
gallant sails, and with two tops on each OF the
three principal masts. All ships but the very
smallest had four masts. the two after ones DO
ing called respectively tho main and bonaven-
tnre mizzens. There was nothing exceptional
In the Henry's fittings, topgallant sails being
known to have been used In the previous reign.
and, rs at that time. the topmasts were not
arranged for lowering. An equivalent to tho
ease given TO q laboring ship by striking the
topmhsts was obtained by lowering the fore and
mos, NJ IN, run, v.r. corr,sd In th, noor "a
forecas,I. sbIn. INNS, b.v. re-, .hrn, Let"
on The snanI.h, nod, and n,...n,.a .,,., "a
pnv,Ip,v anr..r.nc. IL a.. .rm.n.,, =,
shin, Iik, IN, Usnrr s,.o,.,,n 90 N.r.
RIOS, may h. no,sd tho h.,,nnIn,
the chang, IN fex.r h,, MOI, no..r,rI 80
which prorr.ssed apidIv dprin. m. nIdai. =,
tho c.n,prv Th. N.rv po.. b., ....s,s
nina opn. fh..Id.. al, In ~ ,,n.h -, -.
euns and ton pprder.-. hnt .h. .i.o "a a.
bra,, cnr,slI, and av. hr,.. t,roon. IT,.
tall wa, A heavy gun. w.ivhing anna a ooo
nound. hi,h.r,o oniv n..d 1890. .s.o
i.pd ava 90. ,.,.r.,o. % m..w~
mart. a r.yo,r,ion In .hI, .ru.n.., IT,
s.rn.n,In. xn. n ON, ws,,htn. 49,, oso
nound.. IN. atom, on, va. n..a o., 80.
,ho,. ana IN. mnr,sr.r 60. .-.u -,
pun. Tho increase IN tho wsjoht =, go,
artillery went on tbronrhont ,h. it,.
n the innovation wa. mot sp. % ,hs
dirart initiatlveo NJ Hsnrv VIII n. h.. - Ill
ov.nt, the mari, ~ ,.coc,,zIna o.. ..rr..n
per,i,,.ntIv npt,,ng q, Jn,o. .,..r,,on w.
know from other non-n.,sI oocrm.n,. en-, b,
Ind ,ome knovledg. n, s~r,,iI.rv .na ,oot an
active ner.onaI in,.r,., 4, .noh n,,,.r. ~, .,
NAV very well h. ,h.t m. -,
own. In anv cas-, Il va. nm. In which rn.,.ns
took and len, The lead ava rhtoh 80 ~.
country an incaIcuIshI. .arsn,.a. {, e.. 80
test with spain near m, clos. ~ m. ..n,rrr
In a STATE n.r.r ,uo,.a he NJ o,n.n,.,u a.
,r,.r.s,,nr % rsn.rt ,h. Ill nnmh.
gunn.r. carried Thu. m. So,.r.,rn -.
~ eoo ton. .h,ch ma ,,o, $500 -.
,Iohtv ni.co, n, .r,u,.,v ,.rr,.a ,,,n
,or,v rrnn.r. a.. .a.ins, ooo -. 80
io's' kuA"o'', 40 Ak"'ns' -oo sAiors anu
900 soldiers. IL Is possible that tho soldiers
manned the guns, but our author deems IL moro
,h., ~. h..,.,,.- 49,.
iNeis that tho seameh were beginning to play
q combatant role. instead OF confning them
solves to working the ship. Bows and arroys
-,