The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1897-11-01

la Crosse. WIS ~"
LIPPMAN BROS, Wholesale Druggists.
General Agents.
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must be taken to pack the earth in tightly
against the roots to exclude the air
Trees properly "heeled in" will keep in
good condition for several weeks or even
longer, though 1t is good policy to have
the ground prepared in advance, so that
they may be planted at once upon their
arrival, and only "heeled in until all
can be permanently set out.
Should the plants become frozen In
transit, no injury will occur if the box or
bale be placed in dark cellar or covered
over with straw or similar material and
allowed to thaw out, without being expos
ed to light, air or any artificial heat
Soil-Successful planting depends to a
great extent upon the soil. While tree
will stand almost any amount of moisture,
it cannot exist if water remains about the
| roots, good drainage must be had
Water will not pass through clay soil,
and where the soil is such, a hole should
be dug sufficiently deep to pass through
the clay to the strata below. Where the
clay is too deep for this, other means of
drainage must be provided, either by stone
drains (tile drains will soon choke up with
roots) or by digging very large holes, three
or four feet deep, and as wide or wider,
or ashes.
Another method of planting when the
soil is of this character is to loosen the
soil for a foot or so deep, but to not dig
a hole. Place the tree on the top of the
ground and fill up around it with good
soil This will set the tree in mound.
Always dig a larger hole than the roots
require, even If it is not filled in with new
soil, as it is essential that the ground
should be Ioosened up to provide for good
drainage. and plenty of moisture Loose
ground absorbs the moisture much quick
er than when it is undisturbed For an
ordinary sized tree, say ten or twelve feet
in hight and one and one-half to two
inches in diameter the hole should be
made at least three feet in diameter and
two feet deep.
If possible, cart away ell the earth taken
out and bring new top soil and manure in
which to plant the tree-about one-fourth
well-rotted manure and three-fourths of
top soil.
If any roots are broken, cut them off
smoothly with sharp knife; they will
| more quickly callous when the surface Is
smooth
Set the tree in the hole to about the same
| depth, or a tri1e deeper, than 1t was in
| the nursery-the discoloration above the
roots will indicate the point. Fill in about
| the roots slowly being careful should the
| tree have a greater number of fibrous
| roots to work the earth well In among
| them and under the butt of the tree. Fine
| soil free from large stones or clods OF
| earth should be used for this.
| Take good, stout hammer and pack the
| earth in as tightly as possible as 1t is
| gradually filled in about the tree.
| If the earth is filed in too fast 1t can
| not be packed tight enough. The object
is to press the earth as close to the roots
| as possible so that there will be no air
| between them and the soil. The close
pressing soil will enable the roots to take
| moisture from 1t readily. There is no dan
| ger of packing the soil too hard.
| Pruning is an essential feature, and yet
| 1t is frequently overlooked by amateurs.
| A great many trees fail from exhaustion
from lack of pruning. vigorous tree
| has enough roots to supply it with all the
sap 1t needs; but as soon as it is trans
| planted il is unable to draw moisture from
| the earth until new roots are made, and 1t
| against becomes established. All this time
/ the branches and leaves are drawing on
what sap there is in the tree, and when
| this becomes exhausted, If new roots nave
| not yet grown, the tree dies.
| All trees need more or less pruning
| when transplanted; just how much de-
ponds q great deal on the tree to be
| pruned A maple, poplar, birch or elm
| will do with very little pruning, while an
| oak beech, chestnut, walnut or ash re-
| quires several cuttings. The roots which
| a tree has must also be taken into con-
| sideration. If 1t is well furnished with
| roots and fibers, 1t will require less prun-
ing than if it has but few stout roots
| devoid of fibers.
In a general way 1t may be said that
| hard wooded trees require severe prun-
| ing while those having soft, sappy wood
need but a light one. This does not al
| ways apply. A pin oak has very fibrous
| roots, as a rule. and moves quite easily,
| without much pruning, though some will
| consider it advisable to do severe cutting,
| even in it's case. On the other hand, the
| larch, which has a very soft, sappy wood,
! but practically no fbers, and, in fact, but
| little root must be pruned closely, to get
it to transplant well.
Mulching-This consists of putting a
| thick layer of straw, hay or well-rotted
manure on the surface of the ground
| about the tree covering the earth disturb
ed when the tree was planted. 1t should
| be put on at least three or four inches
| thick.
Manure makes the best mulch, as 1t acts
| as fertilizer as wel-the rains washing
| its substance down to the roots from time
| to time. We advise mulching for both
| spring and fall-planted trees and shrubs.
| 1t prevents the drying out of the soil, and
| retails moisture during the summer, and
| in winter the frost does not penetrate as
| deep as would otherwise be the case.