davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
FACTS FOR FARMERS.
Helpful Suggestions For the
Agriculturists.
HINTS THAT ARE INTERESTING.
Some Coco Advice for the KuralIsts-A
Budget OF knowledge That May
Prove Beneficial.
The Real Farm.

The real farm combines home and
business and is as independent as Dos
sible Of all other interests. 1t is a fac
tory where most Of the necessaries of
comfortable living are produced and
the minimum amount Of supplies is
purchased. Speeialism is the bane of
the farmer, for it is mistake for him
to buy anything he can produce him
self. Many OF the unsatisfactory re-
suits of modern agriculture come from
buying too much from the store. With
$3.50 wheat, SOC corn, zoe wool and
l5c cotton, conditions were different
but even then the principle was the
same. Now with beef, pork, mutton.
eggs, potatoes, rice, beans and grains
at distressingly low prices, the neces-
sity is brought directly home.
Better cultivation, restricted acre
age, more attention at home to the con-
struction of labor-saving devices-in
fact, less of profitless crops and more
to eat and wear Of home-produced ma
terial will mark an era of improvement
with the farmer. To me it is a sad
commentary on farm life to find man
with good land and a large herd of cat
tie depending on others for nearly all
he eats and wears. The same condi-
tions exist with the fruit grower, the
cotton planter, and the grain special
list. 1t is wrong economically and has
been prominent factor in reducing
independent country people to a con-
dition little better than those who
live in towns.
To quit farming and go to live in
cities is no cure. 1t may be jumping
from the frying-pan into the fire. Bet
ter 60 back to first principles and make
the farm so far as possible produce all
the necessities and comforts of life.
In this we Americans can we'll pattern
after our German neighbors, and also
that it was upon this princi-
pie that the great prosperity of the
Mormons was founded. Hold no more
land than can be properly handled and
thoroughly cultivated.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16

In view of the fact that the farm
separator has passed the experimental
stage, and its utility is no longer open
to doubt, 1t seems little strange that
more OF them are not in use. The
question that may probably rise in
considering the value Of separator is,
will it pay on small farm? To the
inexperienced the initial cost of sepa-
rator is thoroughness, and thereby
much is saved that by old methods
would be lost. Count this waste nm
through series of years, and it would
be found to amount to far more than
the cost of the separator
Moreover, much of the ordinary
farm butter is faulty, and this is due.
IN most cases, to poor Dreaming of the
milk. Good butter cannot be made
from faulty cream. Here is where the
separator comes in as valuable adj
junct. The cream of fresh milk that
comes direct from the separator is as
near perfection as possible, and there
is no wonder that such cream makes
the gilt-edge butter that commands a
premium in all the markets.
Delay in Dreaming milk is always
more or less fatal. Dispatch is the
prime necessity in handling the cream
in dairy. This, however, is only
possible with separator. The fresh
milk has not had time to get contami-
mated by coming in contact with inn
purities before it is creamed, and this
is very important point to consider.
Cream raised by the old method always
becomes inoculated with the bacteria
OF acidity, while the cream separator
is not so injured. 1t is the opinion
OF experts that separator ought to
pay for itself in one season on farm
large enough to accommodate twenty
cows. 1t it impossible in this age to
command the highest price for butter
unless it is made after the most APP
proved methods. 1t is no use for the
farmer and dairyman to turn up their
noses at the so-called fine-favored but
ter; their "just as good" butter will
not do. 1t 10 this fine flavor that con-
sumers pay their extra money for.-E.
P. Smith in American Cultivator.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
WHAT THE WAR COSTS.
An Urgent Deficiency Bill Passed b,
the House.

an Urgent DencfeDcy Bill Passed by
the House.
The House, practically without de-
bate, passed the urgency deficiency bill
providing for emergency expenses of
the Army and Navy departments Incl
dent to the war. 1t was based upon
estimates received recently from the
departments and carries items contem-
plated in the Philippine expedition and
the early movements upon Cuba.
The House passed a bill providing
for the establishment of Postoffices at
military posts and camps, also bill to
return to the State of New York the
flag carried in the Civil War by the
l09th New York Volunteer Infantry.
Cannon, from the Committee on
Appropriations, presented an urgency
deficiency bill to supply deficiencies in
the appropriations for the Army and
Navy establishment for the present
fiscal year, the appropriations to be
available until December 81, 1898.
In committee of the whole Cannon
said the present bill was urgent and
had been reported for present consider
alton because it's items could not wait
upon the general deficiency bill. Incl
dentally, he estimated the apppropria-
lions already made on account of the
war and likely to develop as essential,
including the first six months OF the
coming fiscal year, at $3.50, 900, 900.
IN response to question from Dingley
cannon said the war would cost APP
proximately 5000, 600, 900, provided it
should continue one year.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16

"ashlngton.-The law prohibiting
'he location of postoffice stations or
suo-stations outside of city limits hav-
ing been suspended, the Postoffioe De
partment is taking steps to extend the
service : Tor the Army. First Assistant
fostmaster-General Heath said that a
station had been established at the
Presidio, CAL, to which three clerks
We're assigned.
It is proposed to place such stations
as lar as possible under the direction
Oh the Postmaster in the nearest CITY.
he wall assign clerks to perform the
work The soldiers will not be called
upon TO handle the mail more than is
absolutely necessary. A new stamp
mas been made for the department to be
used IN stamping mail sent by forces
IN the field. 1t will print the follow
ing; Soldiers letter. Collect nos
tage from addressee.''
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
~ - = -------------
New One-POunder to Be Testaa

New iork.-The Navy. Department
VIII make an exhaustive test at the In.
dian Head proving grounds of an an.
tomato one-pounder rife. said 10 he
capable OF firing 1870 shots a minute
says the Washington correspondent Of
.ne Tribune. The tremendous advan.
.age to be gained by such a weapon
may be appreciated when it il said tha,
the best guns now in the naval service
capable OF throwing one-pound proiec.
Tiles are operated with well.dr;ilad
crews at speed never exceeding fifteen
70 twenty shots minute, and at that
Iate Tor a very brief preiod. The
terrific effect on light armor of such a
gun can hardly be over estimated as
pecially in action against torpedo. boats
which would be rendered altogether
Useless in the daytime, and perhans At
light If vigilant watch was main.
aimed against their close approach
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16

1t is mystery to some why hen
that sticks closely to her nest does not
hatch out full brood, while another
hen that seems to be off her nest a
large portion of the time makes a
hatch of full brood OF chicks. This
matter is not difficult to understand if
one will consider that the hen has
nothing to do with the Matching of the
chicks except to impart the heat, and
that if she matches at all she should
bring out her full number OF chicks.
The fault In such cases Is not with the
hens but with the eggs, and the reason
the attentive hen does not hatch is be-
cause she cannot bring out chicks from
eggs that contain no germs. The in
ducement for one hen to remain ON the
nest while the other frequently comes
OF Is that II the eggs contain no germs,
or but few of them are fertile, the hen
feels but proportion of the animal
heat that should be given off the eggs
and consequently she sits on the nest
in the endeavor to supply heat that is
less than the amount required from her
If she had q full quota OF fertile eggs.
On the contrary the other hen, having
say dozen fertile eggs, feels the ami
nal heat after the first week, and it in
creases as the chicks develop in the
eggs, until the warmth is too great and |
she comes off to cool the eggs. 1t Ia
not the inclination of the hen to for
sake or neglect her eggs, but to follow
natural instinct, for if she did not
frequently cool the eggs they would be-
come overheated and the chicks die in
the shells, as happens when incubators
are mismanaged, Now il any farmer
or poultryman win observe two hens
under such circumstances, it viii be
found that hen may appear as an in
different sitter at one time and when
she becomes broody few months after
may prove persistent sticker ON the
nest Tor the reason, as stated, that the
disposition of sitting hen ON the nest
depends on the eggs. 1t will be neces.
sary, therefore, when using eggs for
hatching to endeavor to select the best
Tor the purpose, 1t Is true that no one ,
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
NEWS NOTES.

Twelve river steamers and five barges
started from Seattle, Wash, recently,
ON a 3oO0-mile ocean voyage to s.
Michaels, mouth of the Yukon.
Material for the Stockton g. tn.
olumne County Railroad is arriving NJ
Stockton, CAL, daily. Twenty-one
carloads of rails, fish plates, etc. are
now there, and twenty-five more car.
loads are on the road.
Timely rains give assurance of wheat
crop in Washington in excess of 20 +.
ooo, ooo bushels. The bulk of the
gram Will go to the Philippines,
Japan and China. May rains also
greatly aided California growing grains
and fruits, and in many sections the
yield will approximate that of an aver.
age year.
The foundrymen on Puget sound
nave been paying for years $23 a ton
Tor pig iron that costs in the East 40
per ton. 1t is locally estimated that
TINS same class of iron can be made on
Puget Sound for 81 or So out Of ore
that goes so per cent metallic iron and
low in phosphorus, silica and sulpbur
Ia strictly pure Bessemer ore.
A Tacoma, WASH, dispatch saws.
Twelve thousand men, 1000 boats and
10000 tons of outfits are now leaving
Lakes Bennett and Tagish for Dawson
md vacating the immense boatvards
&c the lakes. The price of lumber and
boats has fallen. The Canadian Gov.
'rnment is opening a waterway be- |
ween Lakes Linderman and Bennett
A meeting OF the Pacific Coast
manufacturers and Producers Associa.
ion was held in San Francisco last
week to protest against the patronizinQ
u Eastern firms by the Government
When the goods can be secured ON this
cast. The manufacturers claim thew
ave been Disseminated against and
'oint to the fact that the shoe factories
I TINS coast can turn out 5000 pairs az
hoes day, at less cost than thew can
% shipped from the East and vrea,
cal Of time saved. s
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16

would also welcome in preference to a
protracted struggle, involving heavy
sacrifices of money and men. This be-
ing so, hope basis of understanding
may be found leading to peace.
London.-The Madrid correspondent
of the Morning Post says: Senior Cas-
tillo, the Spanish ambassador to
France, at his recent conferences with
the Queen Regent and Senior Sagasta
was officially charged to ask the powers
to intervene to obtain peace on such
terms as would protect the amour
proper of Spain.
The ambassador will urge for rea-
son for snch intervention the danger of
a loss of trade to the powers them
selves in the event Of the continuance
OF the war. Political and diplomatic
circles in Madrid believe that Castillo
will succeed.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
GERMAN PRESS NOW vEERlNa.
Beriin's Leading writers ON the war.

Berlin's Leading Writers ON the War.
Berlin.-I have just succeeded in
booking further big block of German
public opinion for the information Of
readers of the Herald.
The sVossisje Zeitung's editor says:
"Of course we are ON the side of pro-
gress. Thus we cannot help wishing
the United States success in the main.
hoping they may put an end to the
miserable state of affairs in Cuba, but
We should not be sorry to see the
Yankees receive couple of "denk-
zetin' (sharp souvenirs), let us say,
first. As for the question of the future
of the Philippines, that is serious
matter, but it is still in a state of
liquefaction.
The next authority consulted was
the editor of the Berliner Neusten Ma
crichten, the well-known Bismarckian
organ OF Berlin, who said: This is seri-
GUS business. Its first effect has been
to interfere with commerce all over the
world. From the point of view of a
dispassionate outsider l look on the
declaration of war by the United States
as trespassing on the sphere of power
of European monarchies. Ii the United
states gain the day promptly, they will
/ turn longing eyes after time toward the
West Indian lslanas and Canada"
The BeriineF Tagahlast Il too well
known absoad for il ID b. necessary &
dwell at length on It's special charAr-
terisfics as one OF the most entyrprisinv
o. German newspapers. Here Il what
! was told by the editor: In politics
or rather in popular interest in politics
two currents are Invariably 10 be. de.
tected. One voices the heart. Or what
we call sentiment, and the other il the
outcome OF common sense, self.interest
or calculation. In Germany calcula.
ton decides our leanings in matters 81
foreign policy. As matter of fact Il
was Bismarck who brought us to see
things thus in dispassionate light.
But all this does not prevent orr
seeing and noting the regrettable friy-
oiity with which the United States
plunged into a war, to wage which
they are entirely unprepared. Far
Their, we believe that in consequences of
TINS very war, America will be forced
to becomea military nation after Enro.
pean pattern, for neither her militia
nor peace navy has proved equal to the
strain W wig
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
MANILA AN OPEN PORT.
The President Preparing Instruc-
lions for General Merritt.
SCHEDULE OF RATES TO BE APPLIED
Dewey to Raise the blockade and Trade
with the World to BE
Restored.

New York.-A Washington special
to the Herald says: President Me
Kinley will forward 10 Major-General
Merritt, as military governor OF the
Philippines, within the next few
days, a schedule of rates to be applied
to imports into the district which he
will govern.
Under the instructions which will
be given him his first act after the de-
struction or surrender OF Spain's mill
tary power in the far east, will be to
declare Manila an open port, and Rear
Admiral Dewey will, accordingly, raise
the blockade. BY this means it is con-
fidently expected in official circles that
trade with the Philippines will be i'm
mediately resumed by foreign mer-
chants and by taxing goods which they
will bring into the country satisfactory
revenue will be obtained.
The revenues obtained from the
Philippines will be known as military
contributions, and will be collected
by officers designated by Major General
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
The Coming Orange Cron.

conservative estimates place the
coming orange crop of Southern Cali.
lornia at 1900 carloads, or about a
.nird more than the present crop, while
some estimates place it as high as co.
600 carloads. Even taking the lower
hgure, 1t is scarcely necessary to call
attention to the fact that it will require
the best efforts of the exchanges and
o'ner shipping organizations to market
TINS large crop of fruit at profit. The
experience OF the past season has forci-
Diy shown the advantages of the CO.
operative system of marketing oranges,
ana 1t may be expected that the organ
iza.ien will receive many accessions
during the present year.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
Historical sketch OF the Department OF
AErIeuItare.

Historical Sketch of the United
States Department Of Agriculture; Its
Objects and Present Organization, F"
compiled by Charles II. Greathouse, Of
the Division Of Publications, is now in
press and will soon be issued by the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture as Bulletin No. 3, Division of
Publications. This bulletin has been
prepared in compliance with frequent
demands for information regarding the
origin and development Of the depart
ment.
In the selection OF his subjects the
compiler has followed as closely as
possible the annual reports of the
several Commissioners and Secretaries.
prominence being given To those feat
ures OF the work of the different adj
ministrations which the adnlinistra-
tors themselves appear to have regarded
as specially worthy of attention.
The sketch points out that the De-
partment of Agriculture had its origin
in the far-sighted wisdom of Washing
ton and the practical activity of Frank
lin, and reviews the early government
aid to agriculture in America, WASH
lngton's views as to Board of Agri-
culture and the work of American rep
resentatives abroad.
This is followed by an account of the
formation of an agricultural division
in the Patent Office in 1886 by Hon.
Henry Ellsworth, the then Commission
er OF Patents, and the appropriation by
Congress, at his suggestion, of $1,000
for the purpose Of collecting and dis
tributing seeds and collecting agricul
tural statistics.
A brief statement is given of the
growth OF the work in the Patent
ohce, the organization of an independ-
ent department and the appointment
OF the early officials After referring
to the work of the several Commits
sioners of Agriculture, the raising of
the department OH February 8, 1888, to
the rank OF an executive department
and the work performed during the adj
Of each Secretary of Agri-
culture, the origin and duties of the
several bureaus, divisions and Offices
Of the department are given, together
with citations from the laws under
which the department has attained it's
present stage of development. The
bulletin is illustrated, and contains
portraits of the several Commissioners
and Secretaries of Agriculture.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
SPAN HOPES EoR PEACE.
Alleged Piaa TO Secure Intervention by
Powers.


London.-The Vienna correspondent
of the Daily Mail says: Spain has adj
dressed another APPEAL to the powers to
intervene in the VIZ, and Austria is
prepared to accede, but only in oonjunc-
tion with other powers
The Vienna correspondents Of both
the Daily Chronicle and Daily News
deny that the Austrian Government
has received any fresh communication
from Spain. 1t would appear, there
fore. that any efforts in this direction
are being made only in France, where
they are, apparently, the most likely
to succeed.
1t is understood that NJ. HanOtaux
and other Ministers regard the present
situation as intolerable.
Protracted war, besides destroying
commerce, would necessitate postpon-
ing the coming exposition. 1t is hoped
that the new commercial agreement be-
tween France and the United States
will smooth the way to French inter
vention, in which, certainly, Austria
and perhaps England or other powers
will join. Russia, it is asserted, would
he willing to undertake the office Of
mediator to save France the necessity
of becoming prominent.
Count de Rascon, the Spanish En-
bassador in London, who has been in
terviewed on the subject, admitted that
the war means ruin for Spain, and he
said: THE sentiment is growing in
favor of seeking an honorable peace,
which America, considering her un-
preparedness for a war of invasion,
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16
FRIENDLY RELATIONS ABROAD.
Reciprocity Negotiations with Many
European Countries.


European Countries.
New York.-A Washington special
10 the Herald says: II reciprocity ne.
gotiations can be regarded as any in
dication, the relations OF the United
States with most Of the countries Of
Europe are of most friendly charac-
ter. France concludes a reciprocity
agreement last, which is announced by
friendly feeling existing between the
two governments, and now there is
strong reason TO believe that negotia-
tions will soon be commenced between
ambassador Cambon and Special Reel
procity Commissioner Kasson for the
contamination Of a commercial treaty
in accordance with section OF the
Dingley law, under which additional
reciprocal trade advantages will be
secured.
Negotiations for the conclusion OF re-
ciprocity agreements til Great Britain
and her colonies and with Russia, Ger
many and Italy are proceeding most
satisfactorily and some Of them, to
quote an official with whom / talked,
are far advanced toward completion. I"
In the case Of Great Britain, | under
stand that the reciprocity agreement in
regard to the Bermuda Islands has been
completed and sent to Bermuda colony
for its approval
So far as Canada is concerned it is
proposed to wipe the slate clean. 1t
developed that on Decoration Day Spe-
cial Reciprocity Commissioner Kasson
and Special Seal Commissioner Foster,
representing the United States, and
Sir Julian Paunceiote, Lewis Davies
and Sir Wilfrid Laurier, signed at the
State Department protocol for the
appointment of a commission to con-
slider all pending questions between the
United States and Canada and this
protocol was sent TO London for the
approval OF the Salisbury government.
Secretary Day has cabled to Embassa-
dor Hay his satisfaction at this pros
pective settlement Of the various ques-
tions pending between the two govern
ments, and it is expected that Lord
Salisbury will promptly give his APP
proval to the protocol. From the pres
ent indications it is expected that the
commissioners who will be named by
the President to represent the United
States will be Mr.. Kasson and Mr..
Foster, the former because of his wide
experience as diplomat and his famil-
iarity with tariff matters, and the lat
ter because he is seal expert.
Although there are various questions
between the United States and Aus
tria, including the prohibition of Amer
lean plants and fruits, and high tariff
imposed by each Government on ex-
ports of the other, the Vienna Govern
ment has not indicated in any way its
iesire to enter into reciprocity nego-
tiations, and in view of its well known
for Spain, it is not consid-
cred at all likely that it will initiate
Iuch negotiations, at least until the
conclusion of the war.
Russia has taken the subject up, and
Germany, appreciating that it is the
'nly satisfactory way of adjusting com
nercial relations with the United
states, has buckled down to the hard
work of wringing from Mr.. Kasson all
he can get without making any CON
essions in return.
The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1897-06-16

Inc Northern Pacific Railway has
sold thirty-five miles of steel ra;i.,o 8
british-American syndicate for a rail.
way over White Pass between Skaeuav
ana Lake Bennett. The syndicate
wants bids for $4,000 lies Thrao
million feet Of lumber have been pur-
chased and many workmen sent north
TO work on the road One of the nr,..
lectors says the line will be in onera.
.ion to Lake Bennett by Sept. soth re-.
aucing the freight rates across the mass
TO three cents pound.