The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1897-11-06
ON EGYPTIAN PYRAMIDS.
HISTORY or THE OLD EMPIRE
CLOSELY Allied.
DIR. Breasted's Second Lecture on Egypt
oiogy at Richmond College "rea''y In
joyed by Large Audience

The second OF the lectures IN ehs eis'-
enfb course Of Thomas lectures was delv-
cred by DR. James II. Breasted last night
ana attracted a still larger crowd
than the one on Thursday night The lee
ture was fully illustrated throughout and
standing room in view OF the big screen
was at a premium, many being unaDle 10
even enter the vestibule doors Of the large
nsII.
Dr. Breasted complains of not feeling
perfectly well. but his lectures are vso-
rous.
Inc lecture followed the outline given
IN this subject: The Old Empire, Chroh-
ology. Ponticai Organization, kehglous
IDEAS. the Pyramids. the Oldest human
Buildings. the Fall OF the Old Empire.
lie began bv saving that the chief difii-
cuity Confronting the student Of Egypt
ology is the question Of Chronology, ioT
the Egyptians had no era Iney dated
all events By the reign or the monarch.
me lists OF the monarchs have descended
to us but. the payorus has been preserved
only IN pieces.
A page Of the papyrus Of Turin was
shown and other panyri mentioned
THE EMPIRES.
Tor the three times when the Egyptian
nation rose to its greatest height
'rnere are arbitrary divisions into dy-
nasues. me beginning OF the historic
period is not with the first dynasty, but
/ with the fourth The fourth and fifth ana
sixth dynssties constitute the old Empire.
The dates Of this empire are not certain
ana the dvnastles from the seventh 10 the
eleventh are ia darkness.
Inc middle Empire begins with the
twelfth dynasty about the time OF Abra-
nam. or so years earlier Beginning with
the time Of the beginning Of the rule Of
Egypt by foreign kings, We are certain
| within n generation.
Anyhow the old Empire dates from goo
wears or more r. G. Its government was
| centered near the apex OF the Niles deitae.
| It's caDitaI moved. however, following the
nvramids built bv the king ruling different
! times. The character and the life and
death OF the king according 20 the pe0-
| pie opinion was pointed out. The king
/ they said. when he died. as we would say.
went down into his horizon and entered
/ the circle OF the gods
Pnaraoh. Dr. Breasted said. was a cor
rlpted form OF the name applied 20 the
mOnarcn's palace.
Inc state was charmingly described as
having two departments. judiciary and
the treasury. both Of which were COM
mon center.
Mentioning the different kind OF tombs
| used-pyramids for the kings. mashtahas
FOR noblenen. and mere trenches I'm the
sand for the pOorest-brought the lecture
10 the main subject for the discourse u
the evening.
THE PYRAMIDS.
Introductory 10 his discussion OF the
q - l.
| the Egyptians had Of the relation between
the soul and body Of man. They could
| conceive. IL seems OF no existence al all.
/ except as connected with something mate
rial and tangible. 4 man consisted Of
| material body and an immaterial body
ana called the double
! Inc double has its own name different
from the name Of the Prince. The double
came into the world with the body Of the
| person. remains with IL through life, and
| goes with Il into the great hereafter be-
/ yond But the double must have a mate
mai place Of abode and this fact neccssi-
tates the mummy case-ORe Of which be-
| longing 10 the Richmond College Mus
| eum-Dr. Breasted had standing on the
/ platform by him. and referred TO- There
We're many notions about the connection
/ OF the double with the tomb. but in 1onc
| OF them was its separation from the EAR
J gInle ever quite complete. Moreover, 20
take the place Of the real body in case 30
| should be destroyed. although IL had been
| embalmed. a false body. an limitation IN
stone was made and placed in the tomb.
FOR THEIR TOMBS.
| Inc history OF the old Empire DR..
| Breasted said. was closely wrapped up
with the Pyramids. which the monarchs
| Of the Empire builded for their tombs
views were shown Of all the pyramids
| from the oldest built in prehistoric times
| 4 view was shown OF one which was not
al nrst built as pyramid but as pile Of
| masntabars or tombs Of noblemen' and
| tnen FORMED into a pyramid.
| Inese pyramids are the places In which
| ana their construction. the means by
| which the scenes have been preserved 70
| us OF the social and domestic life OF that
! early time. Many very clear views. both
/ Of the outside and inside OF the pyramids.
were shown and accompanied by graphic
I cescriptfons IL was noted that the base
or the largest pyramid. 15j feet square,
would about cover the college campus.
the colossal pile rising 80 feet and tapering
originally in one pyramida block, which
mas been removed.
me means the people used 10 raise the
| great monOnths weighing twenty tons.
so high will be discussed in the last lee
ture.
| II was remarked that ten years were
| spent only IN building a causeway for
| this purpose.
DOWN WITH THE TURKS.
s.Trbe works 81 the modern MOslem.
| s3id DR.. Breasted. "are puny and desp.c-
| allie. when compared With the works OF
| his ancestors
ceeding the fourth were smaller and poor
er and showed the decay OF The Old I'm
nire They were, however. filled Win
Inscriptions which the earlier ones did
not contain
Through these monuments We Obtain
not only the muir my Of a king. whose
hodv lay in state 2rIu years 3. g.. before
Moses let the children Of Israel out ~
their bondage. but We learn OF the civil
Nzation Of the people who lived as chill
dren in the dawn OF that universal civili-
cation in which We at high noon move as
men
The next lecture will occur Monday
night The subject will be. The Middle
Empire: Social Life in the Time OF Aora-
ham. Recent Discoveries In the Dashur
Pyramids. First Foreign Conquests. sem
tic Visitors IN Egypt
or A n =