davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27
DAMAGE By TIE FLOOD.

A chart has been prepared by the
Department of Agriculture showing
the vast area flooded and the amount
of the damage. The figures are from
the census.
The total area under water on April
9Th was about Is 800 square miles, of
which 900 square miles was IN Mis-
sjssippi, 6OOsqusre miles in Arkansas,
l, $50 equare miles in Mississippi, 1, 300
in Tennessee, and $50 ID louisiana.
This region contained In 1890 a popu.
ton OF $40 685, Of which 186 48O, or
about one half, was in Mississippi. 1OO,-
235 in Arkansas, and the remainder
almost equally divided between Mis-
souri, and Tennessee.
The flooded districts contain, it is
estimated, about SO, 500 farms, of which
about 18, 500 are in Mississippi, nearly
10, 900 in Arkansas, and like number
about equally divided between Missouri
and Tennessee. These farms contain q
total area of about 3, 800, OOO acres, one
halt Of which is in Mississippi and
rather over One-tOurth in Arkansas,
the proportions in Missouri and Ten
nessee being about the same as in the
case of the number of farms.
The total value of these farms, with
their improvement g, farm implements,
ETC., is about sos 600 600.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27
RYR FOR HOGS.

The following questions about feed
ing ry g to swine are asked John Cownie,
who answers them through the Home
stead:
% Is unground rye good for fatten-
ing hogeI Corn is far superior to rye
for fattening hogs, and if rye is fed it
should be ground, mixed with bran
and shorts or ground oats and made
into a swin before beng fed.
a. Is rye good for young pigs after
they are old enough to eat, not Rs full
feed, but, cay once dayI Is it health
full foodi Rye makes good, healthful
food for pigs when ground and made
into swill, but it is altogether too strong
when fed alone, and should be mixed
with shorts and ground oats.
81 Would soaked rye, once day,
make good feed for soWs sucking pigsl
No, it is altogether too strong food,
and, as already stated, should not be
fed alone
"a Would corn, oats and rye,
ground, make a good swill for sucking
pigs; also would it be good for the pigs
and in what proportion should the grain
be mIx2dG Would some bran mixed
with the foregoing make it any beUUerl
either corn or r. g meal are fit for a
brood SOW and should not he fed for the
reasons already given Ground oats,
shorts and bran, made into a swlll, are
far better adapted for brood sowe,
either before or after narrowing than
such strong. heavy grain as rye and
corn. If corn or rye meal are fe6, 1t
must be sparlDgly, or fever in the s0ws
will result, causing, perhaps, the loss
Of the pigs.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

the morning to get fresh air and water
At the came time their quarters can DE
we'll aired. Sheep do not bear close
confinement well. Whenever it is pos
sible the doors of their quarters should
be left open during the day so that
they can run in and out, as suits them.
With the breeding ewes especially,
care should be taken to have the doors
to their quarters wide, so as to lessen
the risk IN their running in and out It
will still further Lessen the risk Of in
jury if the doors are hung to slide open
rather than to open and shut with
common hinges.
In extremely cold weather more corn
may be given than when il is mllder,
but do not make it an exclusive ration
at any time. Give oats, barley, mill
feed and other materials to make UP a
good variety. Sliced turnips with
wheat bran sprinkled over them makes
good feed for sheep, especially when
grain is given at other meals. The
condition of the sheep is the best critic
rion as to what the quality Of the ration
should be. One of the most economical
rations is unthreshed oats, run through
a dampener sufficient to make The bran
stick to the straw. Give them all they
will eat up clean.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27
AGRICULTURE.

Who will get caught again when the
pastures dry up in August a field OF
fodder corn in May is the best insurance
against long dry spell later on
Upon farm there is no excuse for a
Etunted calf, stunte tree or stunted
boy. Such products will never be salts
factory, and somebody is to blame.
For thousands of years the farmer
has been working with bis hands and
others have TO a great extent reaped
the reward Of his toll. Now he Is be
ginning to work with his brain, with
the result of reaping the reward him
self.
More than half the yield of anything
you cultivate depends upon the effort
you put forth TO make it productive.
Fertility of soil ia the basis Of all real
profit, and the farmer who does not in
crease the productive capacity OF his
soil is surely going down hill.
Not only must the soil contain food
elements but they must be thoroughly
mixed and Incorporated in the soil to
become available as plant food. There
fore let the ground be heavily manured,
and every square inch for a foot IN
depth we'll puIVerJEed.
A Southern farmer says that good
results are obtained by feeding Russian
Eunf1wer aeeC to horses, hogs and
other stock. The feeding of this re-
guires an exercise of Judgment, as the
seeds are very rich, and should be
mixed or combined with bran.
If manure has any value, 1t is prob
ably fermenting, even in the coldest
weather. II left IN pile. A eight COW
ering Of cry earth will absor b ammonia,
and will, if left on while the manure
rots down, make it nearly or quite as
rich as the manure itself. Its work IN
absorbing ANN mia continues even
when tie pile is turned.
When the COW does not come up tc
she point OF profitable production 1t lf
often not her fault, but that OF the
owner He keeps her too cheapiy OF
does not fet d her with good Judgment
Give the COWS we have a litCle bettel
care and little better feed and see Il
they will not yield more than barrer
profit.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27
SOLID FACTS ABOUT VEGETA-
BLRS.


Few squash growers orsquash lovers
know to what extent they are indebted
to the veteran Marblehead (Mass.
seedsmap, Mr.. James J. 81. Gregory.
Always an enthusiast on the squash
subject, Mr.. Gregory takes just pride
in the fact that he has introduced more
standard varieties of this delicious and
useful vegetable than any other seed
grower. To him is due the introduc.
tion of the long famous Hubbard and
Narblehead, the widely celebrated
Butman, White Chestnut, Cocoanut,
and many others.
All of Mr. Gregory's enthusiasm and
energy have not been expended On
equeshes, however, as growers of his
All Seasoned, Deep Head and Hard
Head Cabbages and of his Early Ohio
and Burb Potatoes can attest. OF
late the wrinkled varieties of peas have
been the object Of Mr. Gregory g special
and deep study, resulting IN the intro
duetIOn Of the splendid an widelyknCwn
NOCt's Excelsior The zenith Of pea
culture has been reached in GregOry's
e ecsrlc Pea. Remarkably early, Won
derfully prolific and of such eXcelient
quality, it must soon entirely super
spde the hard varieties of early peas.
Gregory's Seed Catalog is practical,
common sense book that sheuld be in
the hands of every planter. J. ]. 81.
Gregory and Son, Marblehead, Mass,
mail it free to any one that request il.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

and therefore makes the soil warmer
and easier to work. Lime also hastens
the decay of vegetable matter in the
soil which, of course, renders the nitro
gen more available. II soil is sour,
an application of lime will sweeten it,
II green crop is plowed under, an ap
plic6tion of lime v i'll prevent the soil
from becoming acid.
There is one effect Of lime that has
no doubt frequently been noticed,
although wrong conclusions have been
drawn from it. 1t has often been ex
perienced that an application of lime.
proves very beneficial to clovers of all
KINDS. It was formerly thought that
the lime itself was the only fertilizer
needed for the cloXer; it ia now known,
however, that the beneficial action OF
the lime upon clover is due to the fact
that the lime liberates other plant food
In the soil, notably potash, which is of
so much Importance in successful
clover culture. 1t will be seen, how.
ever, that continued application Of
lime alone would soon cause the soil to
become exhausted of it's natural supply
not only of potash, but also of phos-
phoric acid, and in time the land would
become clover sick, which is condition
often met with. This can be avoided
Dy keeping up the supply of these two
ingredients through applications of the
cheaper forms of potash salts and phos
pilates.
In applying lime, it is best to put this
material on a plowed surface, either
during the fall or early in the spring,
before growing season. 1t is unneces
cary to plow the lime In, as it will soon
work itself down into the soil. Lime
is usually applied at the rate of one to
three tons at a time, and once in every
six years is generally sufficient. Some
frequent intervals, and claim 60 get
better results. Lime should never be
mixed with acid phosphate or ammo
mated fertilizers, as it will make the
phOsphoric acid less soluble and drive
of the ammonia. The best results are
obtained from lime when the soil il
kept well supplied with the mineral IN
gradients, phosphoric acid and potash.
The nitrogen can be furnished by grow
ing clover or peas. This is rational
and economical plan to follow, and will
gradually increase the productive
capacity Of any soil.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27
FEEDING FRUIT TREES.

Manure either for muIching or dig
ging in should be the best that can be
procured, and it should be applied to
the trees in such quantities as their
condition demands. Generally speak
ing. the person IN charge will be in the
best position to determine the quantity
needed. says the Western Ploughman.
When farmyard or stable manure ia
not to be had, much good may be done
by utilizing heaps of soil gathered from
roadsides, the accumulations of rub
bish of all kinds generally found in
large quantities in gardens of any size,
and last, but not least, charred refuse.
1t is always best to mix a fair quantity
of freshly slaked lime with the two first
mentioned. When this is done and a
liberal dressing of the compost is e7-
piled to the fruit quarters, it forms q
valuable fertiljEing agent. Land that
has plenty of manure in it will be bene-
flied by a good dusting of lime, and the
latter should always be used in vary
ing quantities for stone fruits.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

Owing to it's eariiness and the ease
with which it is cultivated, it wes nat
ural that for q long time sandy soil
should be preferred by the fruit grower.
But it is becoming understood that we'll
underdrained, heavy soils con be worked
nearly or quite as early as sandy soils,
and these are much richer in the min.
eral elements of plant food that are
essential in perfe citing fruit of any kind.
In many of the winter fruits the east
ness of ripening on light soil becomes a
disadvantage, as it makes late fall and
early winter fruits of varieties that,
when grown on heavier soil, should be
kept In good condition until spring.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27
ysa sATIONAL FARMERS ALL
ANCR AND INDUSTRIAL
UNION,

President Mann Page, Brandon,
Vice President-O. Vincent, Indian
apolis. Ind. p-;o.o-
Cogan Station, Pa.
EXECUTIVE BOARD.
Mann Pege, Brandon. Va {, K. A.
south worth. Denver. Col. John Bre
1iG W Va a B. Welch, New York {;
]. w. Stokes, s @.
JUDICIARY.
q. a. Southworth, Denver, Colo.
8. ". Beck, Alabama.
II. D. Davie, Kentucky.
sosrEs CAROLINA FARMERS STATE ALLI-
AEOE.
President - DR.. Cyrus Thompson,
7fchlands, = Q.
Vice- President-Jno. Graham, Ridge
Secretary -Treasurer-W. 8. Barnes,
Rillsboro, Y. @.
T,scturer-J. T. B. Hoover, Elm City,
steward-Dr. V. n. seawell, Villa
ChaPiain-Rev. P. H. Massey Dur
Door-keeper-Geo. T. Lane, Green's
Soro. n. @. r
Assistant Door keeper-Jas. Z. Lyon,
Durham, n. 9.
gergeant-at- -Arms-A. D. z. Wallace,
Rutherfordton, N. @.
State Business Agent-T. Ivey, Hills
boro, n. 9.
Trustee Business Agency Fund-W.
A. Graham. Machpelah, n. y.
sxHCUr1vE COMMITTEES OF THE NORTH
cAROLIEA FARMERS STATE ALLIANCE.
AZ Hleman, concord. n. O.; n.
@. English, Trinity, n. O.; james ID.
Hewborne. Kins on, n. y.
STATE ALLIANCE JUDICIARY OOMuTTEA.
John Brady, Gatesville, N. O.; DR..
J.F. Harren, Whltevllle, n. u; l. =.
Gambler, Acton. II. Q.
sarth Carolina Reform Press Association.
Omcers-J. L. Ramsey, President
s1Tion Butler, Vice PTesSdeFSs w. =.
9qFgsss. Secretary,
PAPERS.
rrsErssslve Farmer. State Organ, Raleigh, =. Q
Caucasian, ESGoLSn' ~ -
Sercury Hickory, -. y
SGffI0r Whttakers, N. Y
N N PonT,S3s, P0n7TS3l Lumberton, n. O
The Peoples Paper CnArlOIC9' y -
the Vestibule, COncOru' y -
The PlOw- Boy. WadeSDOTO' T. -
Carolina WRtchmAn. d" SAllsDury' Ne "
EGch of tie GbOUe-Fs6nted papers GTt
requested TO keep the list standing on
tAs first page and add Others, pTOOGdeG
aAsg are duly elected. any paper tatk
NO to advocate the OcGlG platform tGttI
$s dropped from the list promptly. OfGf
seoDle can 4gOIU zee EUhGt papers are
ssshT[ahef ~, their E1EeTeSE
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

"The Progress
Sive Farmer isR
good papeT--Ear
above the aver
age and possibly
the best advertis-
ing medium in n.
G." Printers Ink.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

F'The Progress
Ave Farmer 10 .
good paper--hr
above the aver
age-and possibly
the best advertis-
Ing medium in ~.
C." Printers Ink.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

President Mann Page, Brandon,
Vice President-C. Vincent, Indian
Secretary Tressurer-W. P. Bricker,
Cogan Station, Pa.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

Mann Pege, Brandon. Va {, R. A.
aonth worth. Denver, Col. John Bre
MD W Va A B. Welch, New York;
wv Gtnkes s. @.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27

sarth Carolina Reform Press Association
Oncsrs-J. L. Ramsey, PresFdeHt
adTion Butler, Vice -PTesSde"s ". =.
adFass. Secretary,
pApER9
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-04-27
JUDICIARY.

q. q. Southworth, Denver, Colo.
8. ". Beck, Alabama.
II, d. Davie, kentucky.
The Yale expositor., 1897-10-15
Novelty in Cloth Printing.

Cloth printing, so managed that the
two sides are of entirely different pat
tern, is among the recent achievements
of the dyer's art. The two-faced eff
feet is produced by first dyeing the
entire fabric through and through of a
single color The goods is then finished
in the usual fashion 1t is afterward
passed over rollers, which are engraved
with fine lines running diagonally in
both directions A careful adjustment
of the pressure of the roller carrying
the dye is made, thus preventing the
color from striking through. The Sc
cret of success in this lies in the care
full adjustment and in the accurate reg
ulation of the quantity of color APP
piled. There must be just enough to
go half way through the cloth, but nc
more. The results are very satisfactory
and will be particularly pleasing on
heavy fabrics. as by this means they
will give the effect of Innings of differ
ont colors from the outside.
The Yale expositor., 1897-10-15
High Buildings.

Backwoods has heard of the build
ings in New York called sky-scrapers,
and desires to know how tall some of
the highest of them are. Answer The
American Surety company's building
has % stories, with a height of 306 feet.
The American Tract society's building
has the same measurements, but is
much larger structure. The Bank OF
Commerce has 20 stories, with 270 feet
skyward. The st. Paul building has &c
stories and towers above its fellows, be-
ing 30S feet from the ground. From
this there is gradual descent until
ordinary oldfashioned structures are
reached. There have been attempts to
restrict the erection of these sky-scrap-
ers, but there are always some inter-
ested persons to induce law makers 10
delay the passage of the law yet few
days longer. so as to allow just one
more building to go up.
The Yale expositor., 1897-10-15

coal will probably be selling at tide
water for the price now paid for min
ing it-namely. 45 cents a ton.
The picture shows an electric drill
which is used for making holes in the
face OF the coal seam. It is capable OF
drilling six-foot hole in one minute.
In this connection 1t is interesting to
note that coal undercut by machinery
does not require as powerful cartridges
for the blasting as coal undercut by
hand and the rapidity with which the
holes are drilled by electric power eff
fects great saving and largely increas-
ed output. The weight of the drill rep
resented, with post for .iI-foot vein.
is only 1852 pounds. This can easily be
handled by one man. The drill works
so quickly that it takes the greater
part of one mans time to attend TO the
feed mechanism and augurs together
with starting and stopping the drill
while the other man is arranging and
picking the places for the holes. By
the time he has another place ready
the drill has finished the preceding hole
and is ready to be moved. Two men
can very quickly reset the drill and
then get it started again. This machine
has drilled enough holes in ten hours
to shoot" or blast down 500 tons of
coal in a seven-foot vein. II consumes
about three-horse power and the one
shown in the cut is Jeffrey machine.
The Yale expositor., 1897-10-15

The Mad Mullah. The great mu-
tiny in India forty years ago was large
ly indicated by the preaching of a ia
natical priest, the Moulvie of Fyzabad.
Another fanatical priest, the so-called
MAD Mullah," or Moulvie, of Haddah,
is the most conspicuous leader in the
present troubles on the northwestern
frontier of India. He expects a power
full influence over the Momand and 9TH
er Mohammedan tribes, and the Brit
fish agent at Cabul estimates his disci-
piles at one hundred thousand. The
home of the Mullah who is otherwise
known as Najam-uddin Ahkoond-zada,
that is, disciple Of the Akhoond, lis
at Haddah, in the Jelelabad district.
He was active in fomenting the hos
tility to the English which was the
cause of the Chitral expedition Of 1895.
Lately he has been preaching a holy
war against them, and he led in person
the tribesmen who attacked Malakand
last month.
The Yale expositor., 1897-10-15

sand away from her sides by
means of heavy pumps. very
little force would then be re-
quired to pull her into deep water
1t was rumored then that mastery IN
activity was the policy Of some OF the
parties concerned in her release. Since
that time there has been a great deal
OF discussion as to the best methods
OF raising sunken vessels and lifting
those that were stuck on sand bars
1t is unquestionably the fact that If
powerful pumps could be so arranged
that streams of water would pour into
the sand around the hull of the ship
there would be very little time lost in
releasing it. In connection with this
means it has been suggested that heavy
iron cylinders be attached to the sides
of the vessel as low down as possible,
These are pumped full of air or gas
and would assist in lifting the vessel
and floating her out of harms way. 1t
is predicted that this will be the SAL
wage process of the future. Heavy
bands of webbing made of strong and
suitable material can be worked under
the bottom of the ship. To the ends
Of this webbing these iron cylinders
can be attached. Pumps are then ap-
piled and gas or air is forced into
them. Then the pumps are started and
as the sand is washed entirely away
from the sides of the ship the buoyancy
of the cylinders slowly lifts the great
body to the surface. Either means used
by itself might not have the desired
effect, but applied together this is un-
questionably the most practical method
by which such enormous bulk can be
raised. The webbing or bands could
be placed so close together that they
would practically form a network I'M
der the hull of the ship. BY means of
slender rods, ropes could be pushed I'M
derneath and the webbing could be
drawn through and properly adjusted.
The Yale expositor., 1897-10-15

It has been estimated, says the Loco
motive Firemen's Magazine, that the
present producing capacity of the world
ia such. by the aid Of improved ma
chinery, that If operated to its full ex-
tent ten hours per day sufficient can
be produced in six months to supply
the worlds demand for one year. This
being the condition with which the
people are confronted, it remains for
them to provide some means of greatly
increasing these demands, or else so
control methods of production that all
who depend upon labor for means Of
subsistence shall have an opportunity
to secure employment. If half of the
population by working ten hours or
more a day can produce sufficient to
supply the demand of the entire popu-
lation, and this half insists on retain
ing a monopoly Of employment, what
is to become Of the other half-the half
who are unemployed? There are but
three courses to pursue: Those who
earn wages must contribute as charity
sufficient to sustain the unemployed;
the employed can join with the unem-
ployed in dividing such employment so
that all may worlO ten hours or more
per day for half the number Of days;
or. as IL now advanced by trade union
lists, the remedy can be found by short
ening the hours of labor so that all the
people can find some employment all
the time.
The Yale expositor., 1897-10-15
RAISES MINT.
This Is the Queer Business of n Woman
I'm Michigan.

In Michigan.
Buffalo Express: A little woman I'D
in Michigan carries on a very remuner-
alive business raising mint. She is
Mrs. Mary Weber, and she inherited
the business from her father. Some Of
the mint is raised in hot beds, and
these are the objects OF constant care
by the family, which consists of the
widow and grown-up son and daugh-
ter of 16 years. The profitable season
is between the months of May and Oc-
tober, and June. the best month of all.
The mint roots are set out in May. and
the proprietress time is given to them
from that date until late in the au-
tumn. She clips and punches the mint
in the afternoon and evening, and the
morning is given to sales. She drives
to the leading hotels and makes the
sales herself. 1t is not necessary to So
licit custom. Most of it has been in
herited with the mint bed. The men
who patronized her father give their
patronage to the daughter. She is not
without competitors, but they are all
Of the male sex and are not as gallant
as might be expected Mrs. Weber,
like the wise business woman she is,
refuses to say how much the prolific
bed yields, but it is safe to say that
she keeps the big house going" and
puts aside the desired sum in provision
for rainy day." She has supplanted
her income by dealing in lemonade
straws. Every summer she drives in
to the country for radius of twenty
miles in search OF rye straw that will
serve that purpose. If she finds the
kind she desires she buys 1t in the
field. But she is very hard to please
in the matter of the quality of the
straw. and has finally settled to the
patronage of farmer named Black
Jack. who has yearly contract with
her. Womanlike, she cannot tell what
is most desirable in the straw, but she
knows when she sees it," and after all
that is quite sufficient