The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1897-07-14

constitute q D6fElST ~ LaC SSCS ES q
air from tie sub-soil. ard this is espa
cial!7 Sc IN hui!dings which are heat
ed arti6ci2lly, in which case there !:
superadded a suction force created b.
the ascending rsriEed Sc. While i
is impossible to prevent the serati0n!
OF ground air, it can By suitable deVi
ces be diverted into other and less
nurtful channels, and its dapgerou:
infueDce minimiz9d.
The foundation walls and the base
ment fcoriog Of ihe entire building
should rest upon a bsd OF imperviou:
material, and should have ventilat
ing chamber under the entire surfac&
OF the cellar floor separated from tbe
basement By al intervening pavement
The chamber should be connected With
g chimney hae to carry Off the ground
cir which rises IN autumn, winter arc
spring. During the summer when the
ground air sinks q current of fresh ali
hurries downward ard rises to the
heated surface outaida of the Building.
Your committee failed to fod thai
these ordinary sanitary requirements
for protection against ground air and
moisture had been met IN the con
struction OF the dairy and the bar
racks. In the matter OF ventilation,
there is no adequate srrangemen: IL
the barracks to get rid Of the stagnant
air charged with carbonic acid gas
which must abound to al iajuriou:
extent ia such an unscieQtI6caiIy con
structed building 3i!h is hundreds oi
inmates IN addition the watercloset:
are improperly located aud should no.
be within the main buildings, for the
piping for the disposal OF excration il
liable to be deranged by the gradua.
subsidence Of the building, and bg
other causes, which may loosen toe
Joints and allow the escape OF sewer
gas. Assuming the number Of in
mates OF the barracks to be 800, the
aggregate amount of said excte:a fol
twelve months would probably bs
seven toos and abou. u. 000 gallons Of
urine.
To secure the continuous and rapid
removal of this ezcrsta and to prevent
pollution Of air and soil by their ten
porary detention, is al interesting
problem in sanitary science. To ac
cornplish this purpose the sewers mus!
be perfectly tight throughout, SO that
whatever enters may pass 70 the out
let without leakage. The movement
throughout the sever must be contlu.
uous from hesd to outlet without halt,
ing to purify. Besides The sewer
nuct be perfectly ventilated 50 that
accumulated gasses may not form and
force themselves through the traps to
the Dwellings. Adequate means must
be provided for inspecting and fGsa'
ing the sewers. The size ard form OF
which must be perfectly adjusted to
It's flushing appliances, that tae usual
dry westher flow may be made 10
keep it free from stilt and organic de-
posts. The following conclusions
have been reached by your committee;
First. That while it is not inpcoo2,
bic that taere has beer some nalarial
fevar at Clemson, it is uuqlestionable
that the prevailing fever IS typaoid.
Second. That tie open privies have
been the prime csuse OF infection, and
we viaH With suspicion the pco1uc S
Of the uairy, Of the manufacture OF
which spring wafer at that place Is
Qsad.
There are several recommendations
your committee would respectfully
make. Discontinue the open priVies
absolutely, ard by system OF sever;
have all the excceta from the various
residences be conducted to the river.
Meantime enforce what is known q:
ihe dry system" which consists 10
the admixture OF dried earth or coal
ashes with tie excrement il sufficient
quantities for ABSORBING and reducing
Il to an inodorous and narmiess form.
The material mast be perfectly dry
and applied Immediately aad IN sutf,
cient quantity to cover the excretions
aud to remove all fuidity Of toe ma
terial. Tine water closet anoul3 b2 Ge,
tached from the house and thorough
ventilation insured, aud should be fre.
qlentiy inspected and keptia par'ecs
working order.
TIE dairy should be removed from
its present site, aud constructed il
obedience to sanitary laws, an0 per-
haps it would be better 10 discontinue
It's operations aud avoid the possi9ili.
~ of It's posing as q factor IN the pos
session Of diseases.
Assuming that The barracks will be
continued as a home for the students,
tne best rec omnend&ti2n we can make
IS to undardraia the narrow area BE-
between the east side of the building
and the high emoankment, the latter
10 be faced with granite. An improved
system of ventilation should be intro
duced such as is uSsd in many iGstitu
ticns North-for instance at Johns
Hopkins . University-by which perfect
ventilation is obtained and regulated
al will. The most modem system OF
sewerage should oe used ard to pre-.
vent the possibility OF contam!naIlon
OF 1he building By roxioUs gases, the
water closets should be detached from
the building. The distant end Of the
sewer at the edga Of The river should
be SO arranged as to escape sUbmec,
geuce by river water and protsct !:
agains: whatever mis sht Interfere with
is office.
We recommend further from toe
stand 2iont OF sanitation tia. vacation
be given IN the summer morths, and
yo0r committee are impressed wl,a
the beliet tcat il c2o De done without
conflicting with the Agricultural fea:
tures of education at Clemson, aud
would su5eerve the higaes5 ioteres. s
Of the professors, the students, aud
.ae college. Tie reeans unfortunate
experience OF sickness and death 2,
Clemson has awakened tae spicl! q
criticism agains. tae Institution or the
g~o9rd OF uahe&IghfuILess, wh-c.2 !;
may not be wise 10 ignore.
Ia conclusion vOur cO1mittee mlg I;