davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
CARE OF APPLE ORCHARDS.

An experienced apple grower in New
York gives the following useful sug-
gestions and information concerning
the care of old apple orchards to the
readers of the American Cultivator:
"The treatmento of old apple orchards,
or those having been planted for a
period of thirty OF thirty five years,
and allowed to remain in grass or pas
ture for a term of years. has long been
a subject of discussion. Flowing an
old orchard under such conditions has
been opposed by many, who contend
that in effect there would be too much
root pruning, causing a permanent in
jury to the trees. My own experience
In the past two years, in the matter o.
blowing an old orchard, may be of in
terest to those having such to care for
t'Eariy In the spring Of 1895, as
matter Of experiment, one-third Of {
ten acre orchard, having served as {
pasture for a term of years, was lightly
PlOWed, the burrows being turned to
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

less. wash the teats With warm water
and arnoint with the following oint-
ment: P~ulverized alum, / dr.. ;~vaseline,
Q or.
Young calves will be more comfort
able and profitable if they have plenty
of shade in their pasture. It is very
easy to construct a small shelter for
their benefit and the owner will doubt
less be repaid for his trouble.
Fewthings on the farm areas profit.
able as a well conducted dairy farm.
Keep every thing clean and tidy. Have
system and order. Feed regularly,
milk regularly, sell regularly. Don't
feed one food only and treat your COWS
gently. Then look for results.
Here's an item from the American
0ultivator which we commend to all
readers of THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER
Salt in moderate amounts is doubtless
an aid to digestion. The craving for it
is natural with all herbivorous animals,
and is especially strong in those that
chew the cud. If COWS are not sailed
regularly the cream from their milk
will not make butter 10 quickly. This
is possibly because lack of salt allows
food in the stomach to ferment before
it can be digested. This always causes
fever and increases the casene in the
milk. The same result is caused by
the change in fall from green feed to
dry. Cows should be salted at least
twice a week. It is better still to keep
some where they always can have &C
cess to it. They will not eat too much
for their good.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

H-oRTICULTURAL HINTS.


Wood ashes make q fine fertilizer for
orchards.
Grab grass ia one Of the greatest of
our garden enemies and should never
be allowed to get a firm hold. Fight
1t while it is young.
Itissaid thata Florida orange grower
successfully protected his trees from a
severe freeze by spraying with water
till the trees we're solidly encased in a
covering Of ice.
Look out for cutworms during the
cool nights. Although it is difficult to
destroy them in a large field, there is
no eason why you. should allow them
to play havoc with asmall garden.
II it has not already been done, says
the Farmers Voice, all the brush and
trash about the orchard and garden
should be gathered and burned, and
the ashes scattered over the land. The
brush harbors all sorts Of insects and
by burning it the trees and vegetables
will be saved from many attacks.
The best time to kill weeds is when
they first appear above the surface. 1t
Is easier to kill q thousand then than
one tough old one later in the season.
Weeds r prolific seed producers
some producing as many as so, 600; it
is therefore folly to allow them to reach
maturity and seed a crop for next sea-
son.
There is no doubt in my mind that
by going on to a plot of land, with
some implement which will thoroughly
pulverizs the surface, and by keeping
the soil thoroughly pulverized, a man
will save more moisture than it will be
possible for him to apply with the best
arrangement or watering wagon that
he could get, and in doing this he would
also leave the soil in a perfect condition
for retaining the moisture, while il
water vas applied it would be neces
sary that it should be followed by this
pulverizing or the moisture would very
oon be lost.-Waldo f. Brown.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
HERE'S A. HINT FOR YOU.

In a recent test covering eighteen
days of careful, liberal feeding, under
very favorable circumstances, with
sixty two pigs, five months old, weigh
ing 165 pounds supplied with no slop
bat an abundance OF fresh water and
sill the corn they would eat, they made
an average daily gain Of one aud a bat
pound cash, and consumed daily seven
pounds Of corn, making a yield OF
twelve pounds for every busheI Of
corn fed.
During the first few months the gein
is from thirty to forty per cent of the
weight of the food consumed, but later
on q gain of not more than twenty Oh
twenty five per mi a be obtained.
This indicates that the early months
the time for profitable feeding, and thai
there is an age beyond which hogs can.
not be made to make adequate returns
for the food consumed.
The plan Of letting your pigs rough
it through" ten or twelve months N 8
half-starved condition, Ito make bone,'
is a careless, ignorant and losing course
Farm Journal.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
SOIL.

A good many people forget that it is
not best to plow and cultivate the same
land too many years in succession,
when it comes to the garden. The soil
Of q garden should be treated exactly
the same as that of a corn field, only ii
should be supplied with more fertili
zers.
A farm garden is usually cropped
year after year without rest or rotation
and at last the humus of the soil gets
into such a condition that after a rain
it becomes clammy and settles down
Sc firmly that the air is excluded and
the growth of the plant retarded.
Rotation should be practiced in crop.
ping the garden, and if possible the soil
should be given a rest at intervals. This
may be done by sowing it to clover one
year and planting the garden on some
other piece of land temporarily. The
clover may be plowed under and will
furnish a supply of plant food that will
be Of advantage to future crops. No
soil, however fertile it may be to begin
with, can be kept in a high state of
productiveness without the a-pnIiGatieD
Of green manureg $500 -
@m4Cn the nature of the original chemi.
cal constituents.
1t is no doubt true that the annual
cropof weeds that flourish a good many
farm gardens furnishes a considerable
amount of green manure, but they also
furnish seeds for future crops which
make much additional labor. No gar
den should be allowed to produce weeds
as long as there are so many crops that
may be used to keep the ground in use
from the time early vegetables are of
until late in the fall.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
HINTS FOR BUTTER MAKERS

correspondence of the ProgresstEges Farmer.
People who buy bitter place greater
stress up9n3e6e appearance of the pack.
age az it comes from the hands of the
IGaIryman than many of us are inclined
to think. For some years it was the
fortune of the writer to buy the butter
used in his household. Such an expe-
rience will soon convince one of the
value of neatness in butter making.
We indeed suffered many things from
those who offered US their wares. Poor
tubs and pals, with brine leaking
through the stained and discolored
slaves; half sailed and over. sailed
goods; under colored and over colored
butter butter fresh and butter old and
altogether unpleasant to look upon an
these and more were presented to us
for purchases.
When we came on the farm, we de
termined to make the best butter we
could and TO offer it for sale only when
in the most attractive form possible.
Ny wife had the advantage of having
been born on a farm, and, further, of
having had for a mother an excellent
butter maker; and our goods were
always good. Butter made in the sun.
mer would stand until the next spring
without injury. We used the very
best oak tubs and took every possible
pains tohaveour butter sailed properly.
Recently we have procured a butter,
carrier with trays, ETC., and a fine
print. Butter put up in this way PR.
sents a charming appearance. The
other day I offered a fine line put UT
in this way to the city trade. There
was but one comment. THAT looks
fine, anyway" or isn't that lovely!
It took me but a short time to dispose
of all I had on hand and at something
above the market price. Ore mar
took a lot without tasting or ever
smelling it; but he had had some be
fore and knew what it was.
This method of putting up butter WI
shall continue until June, when we viii
begin to put it down in tubs for storing
until next fall. It is not strange to MT
that so much butter is sold at a Low
figure when I see how absolutely in
ferior much of it is. There would be {
decided Improvement all around 1
everyone used the greatest possible
care from milking TO marketing to d.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
ONE e S

CDR. G. Hamilton Griffin, who recent
" disappeared from Wall street, holds
the record of being the promoter OF
more companies in a short period than
has v e been attempted, eve on Wall
street. Since last suramer he incor-
Lporated or controlled 16 companies,
whose aggregate capital was about $4O,-
OOO, 900. HI was President Of all OF
them, and in several cases came very
nearly carrying through what would
have proved the largest swindling
transactions of recent times. To emu
merate all his companies or attempt to
give a detailed history of his transac,
lions would be impossible, but the prin-
cipal sufferers so far as ascertained,
have been a firm in London, who ad-
vanced him $50, eco on worthless CO.
lateral Of one of his companies, andthe
West Asbury Park Water Company,
which will lose absolutely 500, 900 in
bonds, which he sold to innocent par
ties. The sufferers by his transactions
are numerous as when he disappeared
he owed for rent, wages, furniture,
etc. It has since tranepired that he
was an ex convict, who served a SEN
tence in the p~ententiary in British Co
Iumbia for similar sWindling. IN 7.
FinanceT.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

ward the trees. Aside from cutting
and breaking many Of the roots, large
and small, the work was comparatively
easy for two horses, the turf being
moist and pliable.
Subsequent cultivation during the
summer consisted of frequent stirring
of the soil with a spring-tooth harrow
until the month Of August, when Grim
son clover was soWn, which latter
proved a partial failure, owing to the
severe drought that followed. Anotable
feature connected with the summer
cultivation was the large amount of
apple tree roots collected at each-har
rowing, causing it to be q question OF
doubt in my own mind as to its being
the proper course to pursue.
GAS the season advanced, however,
it was observed that a notable change
was being wrought. The foliage Of the
trees in the plowed portion presented a
more healthful and vigorous appear
ance. Although no fruit of Importance
was grown, yet the treatment for the
season was considered favorable.
1.-THE next season, during 1895, the
same portion Of the orchard was again
lightly plowed, and the small Canada
pea sown at the rate of two bushels per
acre for q field crop. Several days be-
fore they were in condition to harvest
in the usual manner, my hogs and pigs,
twenty in number, were turned in and
allowed to harvest the crop in their
own way.
1.-THE notable appearance of this por
ton of the orchard was again a subject
of favorable remark by the passers by.
The strong, healthy growth of foliage
afforded a striking contrast to the very
stunted and sickly appearance of that
in the %unploWed portion. Fruit in
abundance was grown in both portions
of the orchard. In the cultivated part,
however, the fruit, particularly that of
the Baldwin, was Of larger size, ripened
later, and held to the tree much longer
in the season than in the unplowed
portion.
81 am so well pleased with the fore
going results that the same treatment
will be repeated the coming season, and
an additional amount of the pasture
orchard will be treated as above de-
scribed. The remaining three acres of
low, unsuitable land for an orchard
will be allowed to remain as a convent
ent and permanent pasture"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

American farmers, an exchange says,
+ wont to look upon burdock as a
useless weed and a general nuisance,
but it appears that the Japanese re
gard it as a valuable food, boiling the
tender shoots with beans, using the
roots for soup and the young leaves for
green's. The annual value Of the bur.
dock crop to Japan is $4OO, 900. Here
is q pointer for the American farmer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
DAIRY FARMING.

A Michigan dairyman at an institute
summed up the reasons for dairy farm
ing in the following cogent manner:
1. That it is the business upon the
farm that permits the most absolute
control over conditions of production
and distribution Of product; hence the
most profitable.
2. 1t is the highest art of farming,
because it combines all other lines and
gives greater opportunity for executive
and manufacturing skill.
8. 1t is most free from irresponsible
and destructive competition by neces-
sity of it's character and by the per
sonal equation of the individual pro-
Queer.
4. It is a more exact line of produc,
ton, permitting gross receipts to be
forecast with greater exactness; hence
the greater possibilities of increasing
net receipts, either by lowering expen,
ses or increasing volume of product.
5 1t permits the employment Of
labor at a season of the year when farm
labor is cheapest, if winter dairying is
followed.
6. OF all products sold from the farm,
butter takes the least fertility and re.
stores the greatest amount to farm, and
it is well known that the most fertile
sections of the country are where but
ter farming is followed.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

their work thoroughly and well. #
those who do not exercise this care
could be compelled to buy for q year
or two, / believe their eyes would then
be opened to the great value OF neatness
in the dairy.
Broome Co. N. Y.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
POMONA HILL NURSERIES,

POMONA, ~. O.
Two miles west of Greensboro. N. G., on TIL
Southern Railway. Well known for thirt;
years. Up with the times with a1the new as wei
as the old fruits that are suited to my trace
which extends from Maine to Texas. The neV
Japan fruits and all other good fruit and foV
ers I have, as shown in my new illustrate
catalogue, free to all. Agents wanted.
1S989 j. VAN Prn0t~
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

Tt eve pays to shirk work on the
farm. Mature cannot be cheated. 1t
is always the farmer who does his work
promptly, and who neglects no point
necessary to make a good crop, who
succeeds. There is no money made by
growing poor crops. In most cases, he
who merely ploWs and sows, without
manuring, does a great deal Of work
for nothing. LET him that pIoweth,
pillow in hope" said one great apostle
in olden time. We have often thought
that this is the best possible motto for
the farmer. It means that everything,
before and after blowing, shall be all
that labor and skill can give to make
the harvest a success. Tt is a sad con
fession that the old time farmer that
his crop did not turn out as we'll as he
expected, and he always knew it
wouldn't. Nofarmer, co working with
nature, Ought Go e&RRscS failure Seed
time and harvest do not f6IT TO those
who do their part of the contract.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

AHfGncemGn, IF goa receiUe q snmplC
copy Of thts paper, 1t Is to remind goa
that yoU should send 2S one dollar and
get ct one Neu
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29
"A New Southern Journs

Every number Of the Southern Red =
Gazette, published monthly OF 128 Main y "a
Norfolk, Va, contains much informeInsss
value to the prospective Southern inVeseI
publishes letters from Northerners WIZ
settled I'm the Southern country. Every y
interested In Southern Investments or SeCIM
or who Is contemplating a-yisit South Ia.
subscribe, the low price, Is cents . year,
1t In easy reach Of all.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

FeF Tickets. Sleepers, etc. apply to
n. s. LEARD, 8. A. L. Pass AZ
Raleigh, NJ
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-06-29

Broome Co., N. Y.
The San Francisco call., 1897-05-16

swore that he remained there at least ff-
teen minutes b,tore he returned and gave
the alarm.
The theory of the prosecution was that
then was when the nail was pushed into
Haning's brain. Before the murder
Stutsman had tried to induce a young
man named Freeman to propose to
Moneypeany to steal his (Stutsman's
horses the night of July L; to let him
(Stutsman) know the road to be taken.
and that he would follow them, arrest
Them, and that by the boy Freeman turn
ing States evidence he would, through
Stutsman's influence, be turned loose and
Moneypenny would be sent to the peni-
tentiarv; Stutsman stating that be be-
lieved Moneypenny was horse thief, and
he wanted to catch him in the act.
Stutsman's horses we're in a barn, the
next door to Haning's sa oop. Freeman
refused the proposition. Had he accepted
and undertaken the act he and Money
penny would have been hanged by Judge
Lynch's edict. and, justice apparently sat.
istied. the real murderer would have gone
unscathed.
The bullet found in Haning's head was
proved to fl Stutsman's revolver; but this
proved nothing, rs in Keokuk Falls and
vicinity, being known as "Oklahoma's 8
He'll Hole, " every one went armed, num-
bers having guns exactly similar to Suits
mans. The above, with number OF
minor circumstances, was the prosee u
tons case.
To complicate matters one of the prin-
cipal witnesses for the Territory, Jap
Henry, who had heard portion of How
ards confession to Mrs. Stutsman, be-
came the paramour OF Mrs. Stutsman.
Mrs. Stutsman is very beautiful woman
and since leaving her husband has dritted
10 the bad. The affaire d'amour grew so
public that the de ense had no trouble in
securing plenty of evidence of their con-
duct, ard the prosecutions objection to
the introduction of evidence of the i'm
proper relations between Henry and Mrs.
Stutsman was overruled.
The attorney for the defense cited the
case of King David. vino coveted the wife
of Uriah, showing Henry's 'slnterest in con-
victing Stutsman. The defense was short,
Stuisman not going on the stand, they
relying on their severe cross-examlnation
of the prosecutions witnesses. The jury
was out but short time, returning YER
dict of guilty.
DR.. Stutsman came to Oklahoma from
Sedan, Kans., where he lived for ten or
twelve years. He has the reputation Of
being what is called "bad man." but a
man who fights square. He has been shot
''alI to pieces" upon several occasions and
has ''killed his man." in fact several OF
them.
He is rather small, thin checked and
Tipped. He is All intelligent, well-in-
formed person, and one with whom it is a
pleasure to talk. He has many warm
friends and as many warm enemies.
Many of the latter would have slept un-
easily for years had he been acquitted.
The officers had taken every precaution
10 prevent trouble in case Of Stutsman' s
acquittaI, as there was an absolute GER
taintv of war between the Haning follow
ing and Stutsman and his friends.
Howard is being tried for the same
crime and tue chances are that he will be
convicted, as the evidence OF Mrs. Stuts-
man, which was not admissible at her
husbands trial, will be introduced against
him.
The San Francisco call., 1897-05-16

uniform, military cloak being thrown
over his figure. He holds the bride reins
of the horse in his right hand. At the
four corners of the platform are fountains
served by allegorical figures of American
Indians. representing the Delaware, Hud-
son, Potomac and Mississippi rivers. Each
fountain is guarded on the sides by typi-
cal American animals, the moose, buffalo.
deer and bear. and on the front and back
of the pedestal are two aliegorical groups.
That at the front represents America
seated, holding a cornucopia and trident,
and receiving the trophies of conquest
from her victorious sons. Below the group
there is an eagle supporting the arms of
the United States. The group at the back
is America rousing her sons to a sense of
their slavery. Below are the arms of
Pennsylvania. On the sides of the pedes-
tai are two bas-reliefs, one representing
The march of the American army and the
other westbound emigrant train. One
side of the pedestal bears the inscription,
''Sic semper tvrannis" ana "Per aspera ad
astra," and the other side, "Westward the
star of empire takes its way" Around
the upper part of the pedestal are the
words, Erected by the State Society of
the Cincinnati OF Pennsylvania.
The San Francisco call., 1897-05-16
A CHEROKEE PHILAHTHROPIST.
W. ]. Whitaker, q Full -Biooded Indian,
Seeks to Found Hons for
Orphoa White Children.

WICHITA, KANs., May Is. w. T.
Whitaker, a full-blooded Cherokee In
dian, whose benevoience has been shown
in many charitable enterprises, is the
originator of a project to establish an Or
phans' home for white children IN the
town of Pryor Greek, L 7. He has issued
the following appeal:
To the people of the Indian Territory and to all
Christidn people throughout the United States
There are over 800, 900 non-citzens in the
Indian Territory, drifted in here from the
various States of the Union. Many parents
have died and left orphan children without
relative, home or protection. Many OF these
children are growing up in ignorance. The
homes. The white children have none, the
white man not having the advantage that an
Indian has.
Being a Cherokee Indian, myself and
family all inherit our land. Looking down
into the future, can say what the United
States citizen cannot say. Ny children in
herit their land and the burden is not left on
me 10 lay up money and trouble myself In
looking after home for them, giving me more
time to look after the interests of the poor.
NJ | have always feit that % this was my calling
TO be used for the support OF an orphans home
and have resolved to appeal to all my broth
ers in the A. o. U. W., F. A. and w. O. W.,
secret orders OF which am mem Der. and TO
churches and Sunday-schools throughout the
United States for TO 10 cents each to aid me
in the erection of an orphans home near the
town of Pryor Creek, !. +.
This home and school will be under strict
religious influences and non-sectaria for
boys and girls. / want the names and address
of all persons having orphan children in their
charge in the Indian Territory. Respectfully,
a friend to the orphan. w. 7. WHITAKER
Mr.. Whitaker is indorsed by the Pryor
Creek congregation of the Cum berland
Presbyterian church, by his A. o. q. w.
lodge and other organizations and in
dividuals.