Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1897-10-11
HANDBOOK ON HAWAII
Ex-Minister Thurston's Strong Ar
gument for Annexation.
SPECIFIC REASONS FOR TEE UNION
All the Conditions Reviewed in Con-
venient Form.
OBJECTIONS ANsw Erred


book on Hawaiian Annexation" will prove
OF great service in the congressional carr
pa1gn for the accomplishment of union dur
ing the coming session. In its eighty-eisnt
pages are practically all the details Of the
controversy. including statistics If the
Islands and ether data of Importance
The handbook consists of q statement
o. the reasons in favor of annexation: a
brief description of Hawaii, it's people.
government. laws, commerce, finances, CO
ucational system and resources; an emu
meration of twenty objections that have
been made to annexation and reply to
each: digest of the opinions of American
Presidents, Secretaries of Stace, ministers
ard military and naval officers, and Of tie
acts OF Congress and OF Hawaii concerning
American control or annexation of Ha-
wall; copies of the messages and reports
accompanying the annexation treaties of
1893 and 1897 and copies of the thraa treat
les OIL annexation of Hawaii negotiated in
1874. 1893 and 1897: CT the reciprocity
treaty of 1919 and CT the Pearl harbor
treaty of 1887. There are also four mars
showing % the area in the Pacific within
g, the same area transposed 70 the
Atlantic side: go a detail map of the eight
largest Hawaiian islands: % a map Of the
Paclhc. showing the relative position of
l.
cipal naval stations and ports.
American Policy Toward Hawaii.
The handbook points cut that for two
generations the attitude of the United
States toward Hawaii has been more than
that of a brother toward a little sister
than the usual formal treatment accorded
other nations. Hawaiian christianizati5n,
civilization, commerce, education and de-
Neiopment are the direct product of Amer
lean effort. Hawaii Is, in every element
and quality which enters into the compo-
siuon OF modern civilized community, 2
child of America. Hawaii is the one
American colony" beyond the borders of
the Union. Honolulu is the one foreign
port in the world where the stars ana
stripes float over more ships than all other
flags combined. Out of all this has grown
a sentimental feeling toward Hawaii which
does not measure it's regard in dollars
combined with recognition of the STRAIT
egic value Of Hawaii and the determine
ton that it should not pass under the con-
troll of any other foreign people. resulting
in a settled policy of exclusion CO other
powers and ultimate annexation.
Five reasons in favor of annexation are
enumerated, viz:
FIRST Reason I'm Favor of Annexation.
1T will prevent the establishment of an
alien and possibly hostile stronghold in
position commanding the Pacific coast, ana
the commerce of the north Pacific, and
definitely and finally secure 10 the United
States the strategical control of the forth
Pacific, thereby protecting its Pa ,ihc coast
and commerce from attack
The Pacific is SO wide that naval ships
cannot cross and operate IN the Pacific
coast without recoaling. The distance from
San Francisco to the nearest naval station
Of England is 1900 miles: Franco, 5000;
Spain, 400: Russia. 4,I0D: Japan, 4,IUI
and China, $500 miles. A country in pos
session of Hawaii would have base of
supply and repair within four or five days
steaming of any part of the Pacific coast
and be a standing menace to it and Its
commerce.
BY simply keeping other nations out of
Hawaii the United States will secure al
most absolute immunity from naval attack
on its Pacific coast The inheritance of
Hawaii to the commerce Of the Pacific is
demonstrated by the fact that of the seven
transpacific steamship lines plying between
the North American continent and Japan,
China and Australia, all but one make
Honolulu way station. Upon the opening
of the Nicaragua or Panama canal pcach-
caily all of the shipping bound for Asia
making use thereof Will stop at Honolulu
for coal and supplies.
Second Reason in Favor of Annexa-
uon.-
1.-THE conditions are such that the United
States must act row to preserve the re-
suits of it's pest policy. and to prevent the
dominancy in Hawaii of a foreign people.
1t is no longer & question of whether Ha-
vail shall be controlled by the native Ha-
waiian, or by some foreign people, but
the question is, WHAT foreign people shall
control Hawaii?'
The reciprocity treaty is terminable by
either party upon a years notice Those
inimical to American interests may obtain
control in Hawaii, end terminate all spe-
cial privileges now held by the United
States and transfer them to rival nations,
and that other nations stand ready to
avail themselves of the opportunity is evil
Genced by the fact that the English gov
eminent has recently attempted, and is
still attempting, to obtain the cession or
lease of one Of the Hawaiian Islands as a
cable station. All that has stood in the
way of it's contamination has been the reel.
procity treaty and the determination of
Hawaii to keep its face turned America
ward until the annexation question is set
tied.
tinued or not, conditions have developed
which will as certainly evict American in
terests and control from Hawaii as though
IT were accomplished by abrcgation of the
treaty or by hostile guns.
The Awakening of Japan.
The awakening of Japan has introduced
a new element into the politics of the Pa
c'fic. Until recently Japan prohibited emf
grafton. Now 1t is encouraged. The Japan
csc in Hawaii number 5000. During the
latter part of 1896 and the early part of
1897 they came at the rate Of 1900 a
month. If this rate of immigration had
continued for year, they would have num-
bered one-half of the population. The rate
at which they were entering Hawaii is, as
compared with the population of the United
States, though a million Japanese a
month were entering San Francisco.
Hawaii has attempted to stay this inva-
sion by legislation against contract laborers
and paupers, identical with that of the
United States. giving rise to the present
controversy with Japan, who claims the
absolute right of emigration by her people
to Hawaii. Even though the legislation re-
ferred tc Is sustained, immigrants who do
not come within its terms will soon give
Japan majority of the inhabitants of the
country.
The japanese are not eligible to citizen
ship; but an energetic, ambitious, warlike
and progressive people cannot be prevented
from participating in the government when
they become dominant in numbers, and
the ownership of property. Already they
are restless, and 1t will be impossible for
any local independent government to much
longer withhold from them the privileges
which they demand. Much of the advan-
tage heretofore obtained by the United
States has been by reason Of the strong
American commercial representation in the