davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-09-08
For the Florida AgriculturISt
Planting Cabbage.

AS a general thing cabbage is plant
ed too early in Florida. We growers
fail to bear in mind sufficiently the
difference between a vegetable that
comes in competition with the cellar
ed or pitted crop of the North which
is usually not exhausted until after
the frost is out of the ground in the
spring, and a crop which, however
early it may be, finds no rival in the
Northern markets in the spring or
winter except perhaps the unimport-
ant supply from the lighthouses. Cab
bage is an example of the former
class; tomatoes of the latter. Cab
bages are wintered over; tomatoes are
not. The early Irish potato from
Florida also encounters cellared or
old potato in the Northern markets,
but always gets the popular prefer
ance, while an early Florida cabbage
is no better than a wellwintered
Northern cabbage, and may not be as
good. Hence the bulk of the Florida
crop should be planted so that it may
not be thrown into competition with
the old crop.
Last winter, for instance, [ had
small crop of cabbage which [ began
to despair of ever marketing. Thou
sands of barrels were being shipped
North throughout February, March
and April, and bringing very poor re-
turns, sometimes not even enough to
cover cost of transporter tion. Fortu-
nately, my crop had been planted late,
and to my surprise, by the time it was
really ready to ship, the glut had
passed by, the old cabbage of the
North had been cleaned up, and I re-
ceived pretty fair prices; and singu,
larly enough, better prices in Jack
sonville than in New York.
1t should be borne in mind also that
cabbage does not germinate well if
planted too early. Mr.. III. G. Hastings,
prominent scotsman, says that hum
dreds of pounds of cabbage seed are
lost every September. The effect of
heat and cold on the termination of
some kinds of vegetables is but little
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-09-08
DeLand, Fla, Wednesday, September s. 1897.

understood by planters generally
Cabbages, caulifowers, beets, onions,
and radishes all germinate freely in
a temperature of less than 60 degrees,
and the higher the average tempera-
ture over that, the smaller will be the
percentage of termination and the
weaker the plants, and the difficulty
in overcoming this weakness is often
more than the plants are worth. This
explains the apparent failure of seed
to germinate when the temperature is
high.
DR.. OemIer in his work on Southern
Gardening states that he has often
sown several pounds of good cabbage
seed without getting a single plant
Preparation of Seed Beds.-The
beds should be raised from four to six
inches above the surface and made
from four to five feet wide. The soil
should be we'll pulverized and slightly
raised in the center, if the bed is in
the open. If protected by shading
of old bags or something similar, it
can be made level. We advise that all
seed beds be protected, as we are sub
ject to heavy beating rains that will
often wash seed out of the soil before
termination, or in case of the hot
sun coming out Immediately after
rain, the young seedlings are often
killed by scalding. The seed should
be sown thinly in drills which should
be from three to four inches apart,
allowing room for working the soil
slightly until the plants are of suf-
ficient size to transplant. Cover seed
(in sandy soiD from one-half to three
fourths of an inch deep, firming the
soil after covering. Ii there be not
sufficient rain, the bed should be wa
tered. Thin sowing of seed will be
found advantageous, as it gives the
Seeding better chance for develop
ment.
Soil and eparation.-T best
soil for cabbage is a rich sandy loan
similar to the richest 'hanmock"
lands of Florida. Any sandy land that
has been sufficiently manured will
produce good crops of cabbage. This
vegetable is, we believe, the rankest
feeder of ALL Two tons of high grade
commercial fertilizers are none too
much per acre for cabbage or cauli-
flower. All successful gardeners ap
ply much more manure than can be
possibly taken up by the crop. This
excessive manuring is not a waste, as
it seems to insure almost perfect
heading and much larger heads, as
we'll as uniformity. A good crop of
cow peas is one of the greatest helps
to successful cabbage crops.
Of the four fertilizing elements that
wehave usually to supply in the South
the proportion per 1000 pounds Of
fresh cabbage is as follows:
Nitrogen, "a pounds; potash, 6.s
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1897-09-08
For the Florida Agrculturist.
Among the Pineapple Growers.


Among the Pineapple Growers.
We had been eating pineapples from
Biscayne, from St. Petersburg, from
Indian River and from Avon Park.
We found the pines from Avon Park
so superior in flavor that we set out
to find why it was so.
Avon Park is small settlement of
northern people about 20 miles south
east of Fort Meade, and in the north
ern part of DeSoto county. The soil
belongs to the usual class of high pine
found in the lake region varying from
poor scrub to first-class high pine.
There are many lakes in the town
ship. Indeed you cannot get out of
sight of them, and often two or three
are in sight at once.
Nearly half a million pineapple
plants had been put out before the
freeze. From ten to forty per cent of
the plants were killed in the various
plantations. A few escaped almost
unharmed.
We first visited Mr.. Wilkinson. He
has long been known as having the
model acre in pines. His largest ap-
pies run from four to seven pounds.
He has not much choice between
Abakas and Cayennes. Thinks Aba
kas will average larger than Cay
ennes. He believes in the Porto Rico
for profit on account of it's large size.
He does not rate the Queens with the
others mentioned although it is bit
earlier. He rates them in the follow
ing order as to quality: Abal<a, En-
vile City, Blood, Strawberry, Queen
and last Spanish. He spoke very high
ly of the Blood and thinks it can be
grown under cover to weigh seven
pounds He has set more Bloods and
Strawberries under his shed than any
other varieties. In order of size he
places them in the following rank:
Porto Rico, Abaka Cayenne, En-
vile City, Queen, Blood, Strawberry,
Spanish.
Mr. Edmiston, the owner of the
best, and we believe the most profit
able Niagara vineyard in South Flor
ida, places the Smooth Cayenne at the
head of the list, both in size and
quality. His other varieties are
Abaka, Queens, Spanish and Sugar
Loaf.
Mr.. E. L. Hall claims the Black ia
maica to be the sweetest and best of
any he has grown, but does not like
it's shape, being too much of a cone
He thinks Cayennes and Abakas the
best for main crop.
Mr. Hendricks has a model garden
and depends on Cayennes, Abakas
and Spanish for shipping.
Mr. A. e. Bennett thinks highly of
Avon Park as pineapple district and
told some wonderful tales of what can
be done by using a special pineapple
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
WORRY KILLED HIM,

Charles Bradley Anxious over His
Brother-John Bradley Disappeared a
Year Ago.
. 1t was not altogether business trou-
bles that brought such sad fate upon
Charles Bradley. His peculiar mental
depression arose from the strange dis
appearance of his brother; John Brad
ley, a little more than year ago.
John was a superintendent in the
Winchester factory, and about a year
ago his mind became unbalanced. 1t
is said that at that time he became
possessed of the idea that his wife was
attempting to kill him. This idea
haunted him until finally he took his
savings, which amounted to $500, and
disappeared.
About six months ago he was heard
of in Brooklyn, but since then nothing
has been seen of him. The rest of the
family thought it probable that he
would return Christmas, but he did not
This so worried Charles that men
tai depression gradually grew upon him
till it resulted in the sad calamity re-
corded two days ago.
Strenuous efforts are now being made
by the rest of the family to locate John
Bradley and bring him home in time
Tor the funeral, which takes place FFi-
day afternoon.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07

California.

Every Wednesday and Saturday at
6 D. m. a train leaves Chicago over
the famous Santa Fe route, which
makes the run to Southern California
in less than three days. This train is
composed of Pullman palace vestibuled
sleeping cars, buffet smoker and din
ing car of the most luxurious pattern
ever designed.
Another Improvement in the Santa
F'e service is in the time Of the weekly
tourist excursions, which now leave
Boston every Thursday at 1870 a. m,
and reach California the following
Tuesday. The cost of tickets is lower
and the time faster via these excur-
sions than via any other.
The Santa Fe route is the only line
running entirely over its own tracks
from Chicago to California, and those
who intend making trip west will find
it to their advantage to communicate
with S. w. Manning, New England
Agent of this line, at 1872 Washington
street, Boston.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
SACRED HEART FAIR.

The following program for this even
ing, January T. has been announced by
Martin T. Reynolds:
Selections by the H. HI. S. Banjo Club.
Messrs. Bates, Hosley, Adams, Walk
er, Hedges, Norton, Erickson, Burton,
Pratt, Edwards, Todd.
Recitation. Miss Helen Clarity
Male quartet
M. Jospeh Mccarthy, Samuel SEVERE,
Reilly E. Phillips, jr., Charles A. O'Con-
nell.
Vocal selection. Mrs. Canary
Recitation. ........... Mrs. Eggleston
Vocal selection. Miss Nellie M'Donough
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
ANNUAL MEETING HELD.
f the New Haven and Northampton
Road

OF the New Haven and Northampton
Road.
The annual meeting Of the stockhold-
ers of the New Haven and Northamp-
ton Railroad company was held in the
office building of the New York, New
Haven and Hartford road yesterday.
The following directors were chosen:
Charles N. Yeomans, George J. Brush,
Charles P. Clark. John NJ. Hall, Will
liam E. Barnett, F. S. Curtiss, A. Hea-
ton Robertson, Samuel E. Merwin, and
John c. Hammond. The directors elect
ed the following board of officers:
Charles N. Yeomans. president; John
NJ. Hall, vice president, and e. A. Ray,
secretary and treasurer.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
"Cbe Shop"
Chas. P. thompson,
so Orange Street.
TONIGHT THEY E.

Silver Democrats Banquet-Andrew
Jackson's Memory.
Tonight the silver democrats of New
Haven will hold a banquet in Sparks,
Champion & Co.'S dining parlors. There
will be about 100 present and toasts
will be responded to in the following or
der: Andrew Jackson, Levi N. Blyden-
burgh; United States, Timothy J. Fox;
Connecticut, David Callahan; National
Democracy, Alexander Troup; Local
Democracy, James B. Martin! The
POSTMASTER win be Frank S. Andrew.
day was chosen for the banquet, as
it is Jackson's day and it seemed fitting
to celebrate the anniversary of the
founder of the democratic party with
general festivities.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
MISS FLYNN,S FUNERAL.

The funeral of Miss Margaret A
Flynn was held at St Roses church.
Meriden, Sunday afternoon. The sad
circumstances of the death of the
young woman, who left her New Haven
home for a visit in Meriden only to be
stricken down upon a fatal bed of sick
ness, greatly deepened the general SYM
pathy in the sad case. The Rev. Faith
err Dugnan officiated, and the solmenly
sad service was made more so by the
impressive choral music. The deceas-
ed left three sisters and a brother.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
Local W Gather Report.
FOR JANUARY 6, 1897.

Mean temperature, 81.
Max. temperature. A..
Min. temperature, n.
Precipitation, .0 inches.
Max. velocity Of wind 2d-W:,
Accumulated excess Of daily mean tenn
perature since January |, 81 degrees; or an
averages daily excess Of 90 degrees.
Total deficiency in precipitation since Janu-
airy l, SO inches.
U. G. MYERS, Observer.
Note.-A minus sign g. pretiXed to Their
mometer readings indicates temperature be-
low zero
A "T''4 in connection with rainfall indl-
Gates trace of rainfall too small to mea-
sure.
Snow Is melted and resulting depth Of
water not known.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
DINNER AND ENTERTAINMENT
Given by the Fathers at st. Mary's
Church.

Given by the Fathers at st. Mary's
Church.
A very pretty and enjoyable event
of Tuesday night was the dinner and
entertainment given by the Rev. Fa-
theirs of ST. Marys' church to the altar
boys and others who assisted in the
decoration of the church at Christmas
time in appreciation of their many
labors, the young boys especially work
ing long and untiringly, which fact was
evident on Christmas morn The
church was never as handsome. The
decorating was under the supervision
of Rev. Father L. j. Lockingen. The
hall for last night was artistically hung
with. ropings of evergreen and laurel,
great long strings of it reaching from
post to pillar, forming CHEEKY meet
ing ground.
During the early hours an elaborate
feast was served. The tables were
prettily decorated in fern leaves and
cut flowers. The table occupied by the
clergy was made doubly attractive with
ropings of smilax, cut flowers and
shaded candleabra. At this table We're
Rev. Father H. f. Lilly, Rev. Father
j. D. Fowler, Rev. Father Justa and
Rev. Father L. J. Lockinger. Covers
for thirty-five We're laid, the menu con-
sisting of the. seasons delicacies. At
ter supper an interesting literary and
musical program was rendered as an
opening number A song of greeting to
the fathers was sung, followed by a
drill by the boys in whose honor the
affair was given. They were: Masters
Christopher Reilly, Walter Moran,
Thomas Curran, Henry Curran, Emer-
son Horton, Thomas Snigg, Albert
North, Harry North, William Kelly,
William Powers, Frederic Stanley,
Henry Brennan, Joseph Coleman, Hen
ry Brown, Harold Hoolbrook, John
Kinare
Next in order was an address by
Master Frank Stanley.
Others to whom credit is due are Mr..
Kavanaugh, Mr. Maher Mr. Mulville,
Mr. Hisop, Miss Kileran and Miss,
Smith
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
DEATH OF EMIL JOHNSON.

Passed Away at the Almshouse Tues
day Night.
Emil Johnson died at the almshouse
at 10 O'Clock Tuesday night from con-
sumption, aged thirty-one years. He
was a tenant in the Hull tenement
house at Chapel and Lloyd streets on
December Is, when a fire occurred, dur
ing which he was rescued from a fame
filled room by Bernard McManus and
Joseph Reading. He had been in a
feeble state from the malady for sew
eral months. His wife cannot be found,
having moved away shortly before the
Gra
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
JOHN HANNA'S ESTATE.

New Britain, Jan. 6.-The will of the
late John Hanna was probated to-day
The estate inventoried at about $780,
600 and is distributed as follows: One
third to a daughter, Elizabeth j. An
derson of Brooklyn, n. Y; one-thlrd TO
a daughter, Fanny Basby of New BRIT
ain, and one-third in trust to John
Boyle, in trust for w. w. Hanna, a son
of the deceased. The widow is allowed
$3.50 annually until her death.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
ALSO NOTICED IN WOODBRIDGE.

The report which came from Wal
lingford yesterday to the etfecc that an
earthquake or explosion of some kird
was distinctly felt there ana enough SO
as to cause a waking sensation of
some house, was also FELT in Wood
bridge about the same time. A heavy
distinct rumbling was noticed there at
two distinct intervals and was general
" supposed to be thunder.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
"A PORTRAIT OF HERBERT SPEN
CFP

London, Jan. Elm response to a let
ter signed by more than eighty noble
men and men eminent in literature,
science and art including Mr.. Glad
stone, Herbert Spencer has consented
that a fund shall be opened to paint
his portrait for the nation. Hubert
Herkomer, r. A.. has been chosen as
the artist.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
SOCIAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION.

The next meeting will be held this
Thursday evening at 1880. This is the
annual meeting Subject, Estate Re-
formatolies.'' Discussion will be gen.
eral The place of meeting is in the
rooms of the Young Mems Institute.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
SEVENTEEN YEARS SERVICE.

State Secretary Hall of the Sunday
School Association Resigns.
West Hartford, Jan. CIV. H. Hall of
West Hartford, whose resignation as
secretary of the Connecticut Sunday
School association was announced yes
terday, has become well known all over
the state by his seventeen years of ser
vice. No other secretary of tie Co l.
necticut association has served as
many years as Mr. Hall, and only one
orher state secretary in the country
now in Office has served for a longer
IErnn
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
DIED IN HOLLYWOOD.

Death of Mrs Mary Stannard
Mrs. Mary Stannard, aged sixty-one,
widow ofthe late William B. Stannard
died Monday night at her residence in
Highwood of bronchial pneumonia, af-
ter a weeks illness. She leaves one
daughter. Mr.. Stannard died a year
ago
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
A SOCIAL TINE.

A social time, sale tables and ten
cent supper are to be at the w. C. T. L.
rooms, II Grand avenue, Thursday eve
ming this week A cordial invitation is
hereby extended to friends, strangers
and others. All will be welcome.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
Brief Mention.

High water to-day at p. m.
Buy a new house-R. e. Baldwin.
Building lots-E. M. Clark. AZ Church.
Furnished rooms, singly or en- suite;
steam heat. KenWick, cor. Chapel and
Temple.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
The ClOakings Sale

Here's the bargain way
Cloakings can be picked up
here. Best makes of the
seasons smartest stuffs.
Don't take half a minute to
make half a dollar. Are you
for money
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
SAILED FOR EUROPE.

Mr. Frankenfield, of the firm of E.
Moses & Co., milliners on Chapel street,
sailed Tuesday on the steamer Column
bia for southern France and Italy. He
goes for much needed rest, and will
return about the first of April.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
ONE OF CANTON's AGED MEN
DEAD

DEAD.
Canton, Jan. 6,--Samuel A. Healey of
Canton Village died January /. He
was born December 25, 1915, Christmas
day, and eighty-one years and one
week after he died on New Years day,
In 1870 he resided in the western part
Of Litchfleld county. He owned some
property in Atlanta Ca, which was
destroyed at the time Of Shermans
march to the sea, He had lived in
Canton Village twenty-one years. He
leaves a wife, but no children His
brother, John D. Healey of Nepaug,
died December 3.
Several of our aged citizens died dur
ing the year 1896, but there are about
thirty residents who have passed the
age of seventy-five in a population OF
900
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
FLAGMAN FATALLY INJURED.

New Britain, jan. Orchard F'lah-
erty, f1agman at the Washington
street crossing, was run down and
probably fatally injured this morning
by a hack driven by John Nichols, who
was trying to cross the tracks ahead
of an approaching train.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
WEATHER. RECORD.

AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT.
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF
OF THE WEATHER BUREAU.
WASHINGTON, d. c.. Jan. g. 1897, Sp. m.
Forecast for Thursday-For New Eng
land: Generally fair weather., preceded by
local SHOWS in extreme northern portion;
colder; westerly winds
For Eastern New York: Generally fair;
colder in northern portion; westerly winds.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
CHOICE BLACK BOUCLE.
(Also Blue and Brown,)
RICH SEAL PLUSH.

Very handsome black and green,
black and red, black and olive, black
and brown. Just right for children's
wear.
Scent Exhibit Sextuple Extract, 2sc, OF.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07

Women who object to consult for painful
Irregularities, cramps and headaches pecu-
liar to the sex, relieved at once without
danger by Apioline- Chapoteaut. Send S1.00.
p. o. Box POSI-. New York. Sa tn TIL
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07

The choicest grades of Formosa 90
longs, Japan. English Breakfast and
Ceylon teas at Thomas tea store, $50
Chapel street. dS eodtf b
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
THAT'S RIGHT.

Take comfort. Read in the
evening. Enjoy yourself. Don't
forget that good pair of slippers
will add fifty per cent. to your
comfort. Don't try to get on
any longer with that pair of slip
pers that is worn down at the
heels, that shy off every time
you take step. Come here and
see if you can't get a pair Of our
slippers that weren't sold before
Christmas. Ninety-nine out of a
hundred people will find a fit and
they will find bargains at the
same time. Your choice from
what we have left of our Ladies
fancy warm slippers, oScts.-and
the service of our Chiropodist
free.
A. B. GREENWOOD.
773 Chapel St.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
MALLEY*NEE[YssDe.
TELEPHONE NO. 1928.

New England's House.
wives Sale''-in full swing of
success.
Attractions on the weeks
programme increased visibly.
I. By duplicating many of the arti-
cles.
.. BY putting on sale late-comers-
new goods entirely.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
NEW NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. YO-DAY.

NEW IDYERTISEMENTS TO-DAY.
An Important Sale--Howe & Stetson.
Choice Meats-rhe r. H. Nesbt co;
DIR. Frost's Remedies--At Druggists
Dissolution Notice-Bates 4 Fry.
Estate of Bridget Elliss-Probate NOTICE.
For Sale-Lot-John G. Punderford.
Housekeep Week-Malley, Nicely x Co
January Bulletin--The Q. Il. Hart 60
Just at This Stage-Beers' Photo Parlors.
Muslin Underwear-Th Chas. Monson GO.
Muslin Underwear-Wm Frank q Go.
Mackerel--E. e. Nichols.
Muslin Underwear-Brooks Bros.
Smoked Shoulders--B Booth. Meat c.
Scrap Books-The o. A. Dorman Co.
Seal Boefgrain-At Grocers',
no Step in the Wet-N. IL. Shoe Co..
This Business Grows-F. NJ. Brown u co.
Watches-The G. II. Ford Co.
Wanted-Situation-C Olson.
Wanted-Situation-5O East street
Wanted-Situation-ll Hill Court;
Wanted-Situatlon-k L, rms oLice'
900 To Loan-John Il. Tomas
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
Thursday Only

Not an hour before Thurs
day-not an h0u1r after.
$1,000 Womcn'S Goats at So. 08
$I2.o0 Z" {" " $6.98
$500 " " $6,98
Choice Black Kersey Coats,
" fly" double-breast' and
"box" fronts, half tight-htting
effects, new collars, big but
tons, tailor or strap. seams,
all lined with rich black silks
and SatllS.
Will you?
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07
A Hat Harvest

A score or more of the
choicest New York and
French Model Hats awfully
richly trimmed. You get 'em
now like this:
$1,000 Trimmed Hats for $500.
$500 Trimmed Hats for $500.
And in the untrimmed
department:
s1.9S Best French Felts for 79c.
$I.25 " 4Sc.
Csc. {" " 4Sc.
1925 Chenille Hats for CSC.
$2.75 " CSC.
$3.50 : d" " CSC,
ODDS AND ENDS
of Fine Felt Hats, now 1oc. pick.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1897-01-07

Scent Exhibit. Sextuple Extract, csc. OF.