The evening times., 1897-04-03
A washington special to the Phladelphia


Secretary Sherman limited the classes Of
American citizeas eatitedto the active pro-
lection OF our Government MIR. sherman
said in his interview:
"Amencan citizens win he protected by
the American Government now as In the
past Those who, under cover OF Amer
ican nationality, engagein hostilities against
Spain must accept The consequences ef
their own acts; those who are pursuing
lawful occupations in lawful way Will
be held entitled TO the protection of the
law and the treaties, and in their behalf
no efforts Will be spared should they be
arrested on suspicion
1t is well understood in diplomatic cir
oles here that nearly all the friction be-
tween the Government OF the United
States and the Spanish officers in Cuba
has arisen regarding persons who availed
themselves OF naturalization under AnIelE
can law in order to extend aid or SYM
pathy TO the insurgents in Cuba, and re-
verted TO their American citizenship as a
means Of protection against acts commit
ted as Cuban insurgents. In talk with
a correspondent day or two ago, Mr.. Cal
deron Carlisle, the we'll known lawyer,
discussing some OF these cases, said:
-l'ersons WHO nolo their American ma
tonahty 80 cheap as 10 use II as cover
for military operations under foreign col
ors stand on a very different footing fiom
those whom, in pursuit CT their legitimate
business, act at all times as citizens OF
the United States, obedient 10 their laws.
Among these laws hardly any are more
important than those which forbid ia king
up arms against powers with W hich We are
at peace These laws are not intended
to extend the protection of the flag 10
men who take such action as is HCw le-
ported Of Gen Julio Sanguilly, whose de-
tention by the Spanish authorities in
Cuba led 10 such an earnest debate III the
United States Senate.
The Senate appears 10 have misunder-
stood the real purposes and character OF
Sanguilly. lie claims 10 be an American
citizen, and was released from inprisun-
ment by Spain through the good offices
of the United States, bot not as matter
of right lie now, within a month OF his
release, according TO some of the papers,
boldly announces at public banquet that
he is about 10 return to Cuba To draw his
sword in her defense, and that he will,
in all probability be within the thick of
the fight within a few weeks. II is said
that he will take the place Of Maceos
successor, Gen Rivera, who has lately been
captured.
The newspaper article seriously makes
the following announcement: Whether he
will renounce his American citizenship is
a question IL is not likely that he WILL
1t would seem to be question of no
practical importance whether he makes any
formal renunciation of his citizenship or
not, and it is rot likely that he will be
abIe TO again secure the good offices of
the United States, or, if he should, that
any respectable pretext win he found
for making them effective with the Span
ish authorities"
You do not regard such proceedings"
inquired the correspondent, las in accord
with international and Federal law, nor
as emitting the persons thus acting to the
protection of the United States"
''Emphatically not" replied Mr.. Carlisle
1.-The rights of American citizens abroad
as well as at home are reciprocal and in
volve decent respect for the laws in re-
turn for protection. When Mr.. Sherman,
in the course of his interview with Mr..
Smalley, intimated that those citizens en-
gaging in hostilities must abide the con-
SEQUENCES he doubtless had in mind, not
only the provisions of the general law of
nations, but the proclamations of the Presi-
dents Of the United states, from Gen.
Washington TO Gen Grant, warning citi-
zens Of the United States that they could
not claim the protection Of their Govern
ment against the penalties and forfeitures
which they had incurred 10y engaging liz
hostilities against. friendly country.
The Supreme Court has lately in the
Three Friends case held that vur neutrality
laws and principles OF the laws Of nations,
out OF which they grow, apply as fully
TO the Cuban insurrection as 10 recog
niZed state of belligerency, or a public
war between two independent nations
Gen. Washington, in a proclamation OF
April %, 1898, warned all citizens who
had, by committing, aiding OF abetting
hostilites against a friendly power, rem
dered themselves liable to punishment and
forfeiture: that they cannot receive the
protection OF the United States against
such punishment and forfeiture
president Van Buren,, during the Cana
dian insurrection, in his proclamation of
January ., 1898, declared that persons
compromitting the neutrality of the United
States will receive no aid or countenance
from their Government into whatever diff
ficulties they may be thrown by the viola
tions of the laws of their country and the
territory of a neighboring friendly nation.
And, again, in his proclamation Of the 21st
of November OF the same year: i hereby
warn all those who have engaged in these
criminal enterprises, if persisted in, that
whatever may be the condition TO which
they may be reduced, they must not expect
the interference of this Government in any
form in their behalf, and will be left re-
preached by their fellow-citiZcns, to be
dealt with according to the policy and jus
tice Of that government whose dominions
they ha1 e, in defiance of the known wishes
of their own Government, and without the
shadow Of justification or excuse, nefari-
ously invaded
President Tyler, in his proclamation
of the 25th of September, 1S41, admon-
ished the 'aiders and abettors of the
Canadian insurrection that, If in any
lawless incursions into Canada, they fan
into the hands of the British authorities
they will not be reclaimed as American
citizens nor any interference made by this
Government in their behalf
president Fillmore, in his proclama-
tion of the 25th of April, 1851, warned
the 'aiders and abettors of hostilities
against the Island Of Cuba that they will
forfeit their claim to the protection of
this Government, or any interference in
their behalf, no matter TO what extrenli-
ties they may be reduced in consequence
of their illegal conduct. ~
But these quotations refer chiefly, do
they not" asked the correspondent, ito
,..,,ol ,,,;lisarv rnaasuroS taEan op forai,ro