davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1897-12-07

tho fIellencs and declared his intention
or becoming a citizen Of the United
States. He applied TO the United States
Council for a passport. but as he had no
papers 10 show that the Stars and Stripes
was his flag. this was refused. He has
now asked the aid OF the Corporation
Court here. but Clerk Smith says that
he can do nothing for him as the man is
an alien, with no tag that he may call
his own. He did declare his intention ~
becoming a citizen. August q. 1895. and
could be naturdllZcd.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1897-12-07
w Wherion's Fsntrxl.

rhe funeral OF Mr. George Hubert
wharton was held yesterday az o'clock
frorn Csptain Bossjeux's residence. Rev.
J. y Gravrtt oficiated. the intsrmsnt TAX
IA place ct Hollywood
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1897-12-07
Imported Goods.
Soaps.

Washing Powder. ? pkgs. .............
Butter Milk Soap. toilet. 3 cakes.
Royal Soap ....... .......-....'...'.'.''
CASTLE. h-poInd cake................'' .
Octagon Soap ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. :
Poor Mans Labor Saving Soap,i brs %
Anchor soap .............s.'.. .'ss'ss. :.
Anchor Soap. 10 bars ................. -
~ large bars Octagon-Shaped Soap y
l-po Ind cak as Laundry Soap. 10 for. .
Celery Toilet Soap large cakes. %
Large bars Kitchen Soap for clean
ms. 2 Observation-Disclosures. .........
Pride Of Kitchen Soap for cleaning.
Empress soap OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES.
A Sc. Soap : bars for ................. %
Manhattan, Is cakes ................. .
A SC. Soap. 10 cakes for ............ %
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1897-12-07

Leave Orders at 1891 and 80 West Cary ST. at 22 West
Broad ST. Mail Orders Solicited
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28

building, for instance II he stands Mt the
level of the street when his plate Is exposed, he
is likely to discover obtaining n print that
the edifice appears to be narrower at the top
than at the bottom. On the other hand. If he
operates from a roof on the opposite side OF 'he
street. at as great an elevation as the struc'-
ure he wishes to photograph, he may get
different result. The building may appear 10
be widest at the top, but if the artists point
of view be just halfway up. the top ana DOL
tom will be Of equal width while the sides may
bulge like a pair OF parcnthescs. The common
and MISUNDERSTOOD tendency of camera mus
to distort an image is due to one oil TWO 'hihtS
perhaps to both in combination. In the hrs'
place, the instrument has probably been Utica
forward or backward SO that the sensitive
plate is not vertical; and secondly. the lens Is
inferior. To get around the first difficulty the
camera should be provided with "A swinging
back, for the adjustment of the plate-holder
To obviate the other a high-srade "rectilinear
lens should be employed
The most common defect in pictures taken 10y
well-equipped professional photographer Is
one of perspective Objects in the foreground
are unduly magnfed, while those In the back
ground appear too small. In portraits If the
sitter has not been carefully posed, the hands
and feet will appear disproportionatcly large,
because they are nearer the camera than his
face. IL the instrument is posted directly or
nearly in front OF horse, the animals head will
probably be represented three or four times as
big as his launches; while perhaps his shadow
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28

curious ellptical and oval curves thus pro-
duced occur only at the sides and in the cor
ncrs of the field, not near the centre, and are
visible only when one part of the object Is
nearer the lens than another The error could
be avoided by a change Of aim, which would in
yolye the sacrifice of some other feature Of the
view which was of greater importance.
Again. quite apart from deception in regard
to distance, size and form, photography some
times affords misleading impressions as to the
relative brightness of various features of a
scene This grows out of the differences in the
actinic or chemical values Of the several colors.
Yellow ard red, for instance. are more brilliant
and vivid than blue, but are almost entirely lack
ing in the power TO affect the chemicals In sem
stive plate. Blue, on the other hand, Is intensely
active. If. at a football game, fair partisan
of Princeton sat beside one Of Yale, her badge.
or at least the orange part of it, would catch
the ordinary observers eye sooner than her
neighbours would. But in a photograph the two
colors of the former university would come out
alike both black. while that of the latter would
appear an exceedingly light gray, if not absO-
lutely white. In like manner. the crimson rib
bons Of a maid doing honor to Harvard, If worn
against a dark jacket. would practically disap-
pear from view in a photograph. although quite
as conspicuous to the eye the rival blue.
Attempts TO secure a greater equality in the
by dry-plate manufacturers. but with scarcely
appreciate success. Specially prepared cor
,hochromatic" plates will slightly reduce the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28

east by a morning sun on n bank ut the road
tside. will resemble gamnt and ghostly dog
Another manifestation of this same propensity
to deceive is found In the interior of buildings
The further end of room, being too much re-
duced in size in the picture. appears 10 be much
further away than 1t really IS. In other words.
q square room will look like n hall viewed from
one end. and O hail will be elongated to thrc'
.pr four times its true size. a person forming
his ideas from the photograph alone gets alto
gether erroneous impressions as to the dmen-
sions and shape OF the apartment and also, 1t
may be- OF some Of the objects tnerein.
The extent to which this fault is developed
depends chiefly or entirely upon the angle
formed at the centre Of the lens by lines drawn
to the outerrnost corner of the field OF view
For instance. If the subject is IA landscape, ana
the instrument Is not very near TO any OF the
features Of the scene. this angle may be mar
row one. not over - or 70 degrees, say. On the
other hand, II may be desirable to photograph
a crowded banquet hall. and the artist is com
pelled to stand relatively close to some OF the
puests. Without knocking out a side wall, he
cannot place himself as far away from the scene
as he would like. The lines from his instrument
to the outermost parts OF the field diVerge at an
angle OF from 90 to 90 degrees. perhaps. In the
as the human eye does normally, when the orb
Is not moved in its socket and the head IL not
turned Hence there is appreciate falshca-
ton in the picture. But in the latter case the
camera looks at objects in way that 1t Is I'M
possible for the eye to do naturally. and raise
perspective results.
1t Is customary to .lmpute the undue enlarge
meut OF items in the foreground to the lens en-
ployed. This popularity is said to belong 70
wide angle" lenses as distinguished from those
of narrow angle. But such an accusation Is very
unjust The artist employs a Wide angle or
narrow angle lens according to the necessities
OF the case. which dictate the angie or vision.
These and not the lens, are to blame.
Still another phase Of the same tendency TO
distort is exhibited where there are circular or
spherical objects in the field, and when inc
camera is not pointed squarey at them. The
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28
TIE SMALLEST CITY ~ THE WORLD.
From The ST. Louis Republic

John De Saline bears the unique distinction
OF being Mayor of the smallest city i'm the
world. He Is the chief executive of Fenton q
beautiful little hamlet the picturesque Mcra-
mec River. fifteen miles to the south and west
of St Louis.
There are less than one hundred people in
Fenton. yet 1t has been an incorporated city
for more than twenty years. And during that
time 1t has grown considerably. When il was
first incorporated there were less than forty-fiye
inhabitants in the place.
II is the only city of its size i'm all probability
In the world that Is Incorporated and has q
Mayor and a full quota Of city officials.
None or the city officials of this unique little
place are paid salaries. Instead they receive
certain fees for the performance of their spc-
citic duties 1t has been long time since any
OF them collected any money. and even the
City Marshal, who constitutes the entire police
force OF the city. has not made n cent out OF
his job for something like three years No ar
rests are made in Fenton. and il has been so
long since the squire had case that when tho
last magistrate died some years ago ii was not
thought worth while to elect his successor
There is no politics in Fenton--at least not
In so far as municipal elections so. And for
that matter, there have been no elections for O
decade
There never has been a dcfalcaton in Fenton.
Fred Wehmeyer detailed by the Board Of
Control to keep the books Of the corporation,
and the public funds raised by taxation were
expended by the Mayor in person. by and with
the consent Of the Board.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28
TALHA AND NAPOLEON.

From The Cincinnati Commercial Tribune.
Talma was standing at a corner one of an
immense crowd that thronged the streets of
Paris to see Napoleon drive by in state.
do you see that little man there?" he said
to a friend at his side. pointing as he spoke
to the Emperor In his carriage.
Yes" replied his companion, what signifies
that?'
well" answered Talma, mot so many years
ago that same individual applied 10 me for a
position In my company. He was ambitious to
be an actor and wished me to teach him the
art Of the stage. l discouraged him, as | could
not see that he had any ability. and told him
that there was hope for any other than a
genius In my profession
''Ts there any hope in any calling? asked he,
for the unfortunate plodder not blessed with
abilityY"
WELL" said Talma's companion, what OF
that?"
Nothing" replied the actor, nothing, only
that unfortunate little man Is now Emperor OF
France, and well / am just plain Talma"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28

an easy matter to perpetrate a fraud. Ghosts
of the departed be made to hover around
the present and substantial sitter. Moonlight
effects can be obtained by day. man can be
represented as boxing with himself, or lady
as slipping tea with five other lovely creatures
who wear gowns and hats and even faces
identical with hers. Cases of that sort how
ever, are not under consideration at present
Even without human completely, the camera
is responsible for q vast amount Of Justification.
one Of the most vexatious experiences which
the novice in photography meets with Is en-
countered when he undertakes an architectural
subject with numerous parallel, vertical lines
the sides and columns and windows of hlgh
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28

lens and sensitive plate being inanimate. must
II ic argued. report with absolute fidelity.
Hence the common expression Photographic
accuracy" 1t is an ungracious task to under
mine public confidence In person or en- IN
stitutiOn of high repute; but those VIII" have
had the most experience in photography SOL
EMMY declare that it IS frequently mislean-
ing. and that the camera is at times an I'M
scrupulous. though usually a very clever, Nar'
It misrepresents so skilfully. rule, that the
casual observer can rarely catch 1t In the lib
But to a person so situated that he can care
fully compare the picture with the original the
1eceit is patent
When the photographer himself consplrcs
with his apparatus. 1t Is needless to say. It is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28
CONSTITUENCIES CAMERAS.
PHOTOGRAPHIC ACCURACY" SOME
THING OF A MYTH.

FEW OF THE DECEpriONs PRACTIsED BY
SEEMIN lily INNOCENT APPARATUS
There is a popular superstition that the
camera as a truth-teer eclipses George Wash
ington. Drawings and paintings, no matter how
cCnscientiously made, of course contain a hui
man element, and liable TO err; but the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28

evil here mentioned Anything like parity In
brightness. however can be secured only by
dyciny the plates or by introducing colored
scrcs,rs into the camera and then prolonging
the exposure from one hundred TO five hun
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-11-28

drcd times the ordinary period. Some OF these
devices are employed In photosraphihs s'aiheu
glass windows or In copying the ola iiias'e'S
but they are not resorted to In ordinary woih
This Indictment against the camera and Its
,ocoosorios might be considerably extended. but
+, ia already sufficiently long to show that their
vorocitv ia often an open question. and that
,ho,r tales must be accepted with reserve
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-05-08
The Explosion of Righteous
Wrath From TOpekans
Seems to Have Blown the sEOpen
SalOOners" Away.
BOTH BIRDS FLOWN.
Coming Events Gave Plenty
Of Warming to Escape
Before the Warrants Were
Served Oh the LaWbreakers.

The open saloon with $1,000 antique
oak and plate glass bar, proprietors of
same and stock in trade, are all gone.
Such was the discovery made by Sher-
iff kepley and Undersheriff Lucas when
they went to the rooms at 514 and SIG
Kansas avenue yesterday afternoon
with a warrant for seizure and arrest.
John McMahan and Louis SHREDDER,
the erstwhile saIOOnkeepers and owners
OF the elegant new bar, have skipped
the town They ceased to sell liquor
after the injunction was served on them
Wednesday evening, and then, whether
directly warned by the officers of the
law or realizing that as soon as it be
came generally known that there was
an open saloon in Topeka the law abid-
ing citizens OF the city would force it
out of existence, either by one means
or another, they moved their kegs of
beer and bottles of whisky, their $1,000
bar, ice chest and other fixtures from
the JOc1heck building under cover OF
night, and quietly left the city.
The complaint against MCMahan and
SHREDDER was placed in the hands of
Sheriff Kepley about $3.50 yesterday af-
IernOOn, ana, in company with Under
sheriff Lucas, he went to the building
Which had suddenly sprung into fame
as the location of the first wide open Sa-
loon in Topeka since the prohibitory
law went into effect. The door through
which hundreds of men had passed dur
ing the past week, was found to be
latched, but not locked. and the two
county officers entered the room. The
place was quiet-there was no one
there
The officers looked about the room. In
the front We're still standing the billiard
and pool tables, but in the back no plate
glass antique oak bar reflected their
images, and no White-aproned bartender
stood ready to minister to their thirst.
The rear of the room was entirely void
of furniture or fixtures with the excep-
tiOn of a few chairs, and the bar and all
its appurtenances had been removed.
Just when McMahan and Schroeder left
Topeka is not known Under Sheriff Luz
cas- says that thorough search was
made for the men, and that he is salts
fed that they have left town. One of the
men was seen driving down Kansas ave-
nue. Thursday night, and this is the last
that has been seen OF either of them.
The officers think that McMahan is still
IN Kansas while it is understood that
Schroeder went to Kansas City. They say
that every effort will be made to capture
them and punish them for their open vio-
lation of the law and that they expect
to have them under arrest within a few
days.
There is really no excuse for the escape
of McMahan and Schroeder Both men
remained in Topeka and sold liquor open
" for "a hours after their acts were
known to the public at large, and were
still in the city for at least "A hours
after their place was enjOined.
Instead of an injunction a criminal
action should have been brought against
the place the day after it was G.scovered.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-05-08
WANT A ONE CENT RATE.
If Not Granted Illinois G. A. R. Will
Not Meet Next Year.

Galesburg, Ill. May 8.-Streator was Sc
lected this afternoon for the next annual
encampment of the G. A. R., on condi-
ton, however, that the railroads and hO-
tells agree to give satisfactory rates.
In the case of the railroads the salts
factory is meant to be one cent a mile
If the council of administration fails TO
obtain these concessions at Streator an
other city will be tried. But if all the
roads are obdurate no encampmen1 will
be held. During the discussion over this
the railroads We're held up as vioiators
of their pledges by one or two of the
speakers. The debate was sprung during
the afternoon business session, when
Streator put in the only bid for the en-
campment next year.
department Commander W. C. Cocn-
ran said:
I'VE must have a club to hold over the
heads of the railroads If we do they
will give us what we ask
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-05-08
M'NALL'S ULTIMATUM.
Companies Must Abandon the Clark
son Rate Trust or Quit Business.

On Monday. Web McNau, superin-
tendent of insurance, will issue notice
to fire insurance companies, requesting
them to take their choice of two things:
F'irst-A bandon Harrison CIarkson
and his rate book for fire premiums;
or,
Second-Sticll to MIR. Clarkson and
get out of the state.
Out of so companies which We're inter
rOgated concerning the Clarkson rate
schemes, 49 have responded to Mr.. Nc
Nails queries. Some answered frankly
that they used and paid for the book of
advisory rates, others lodged the ques-
tiOn. Others admitted in addition to
the facts already stated, the use of the
book and payment therefor, that the
agents who accepted insurance at
less rate were either compelled to give
up the company or have the insurance
cancelled At all events the business
was lost to the writing agent.
Tabulating and going over these re-
plies has convinced Mr.. McNau that
CIarkson's scheme is in open violation
of the antitrust law and therefore il
legal. The fact that his bureau main
which no deviation is permitted, con-
vinces McNau that the Clarkson bu-
rsau is a trust, and acting under that
opinion the superintendent announces
his determination to destroy the COM
bina ton or revoke the licenses Of com
panies doing bushes in the state and
continuing the use of the rate book
prepared by Clarkson.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-05-08
RAINED ON THE TURNER'S.
Exercises at St Louis are Seriously
Interfered With Today.

st. Louis. MAY Sowing to the delay
experienced yesterday IN the pro-
gramme of the National funniest one
hundred fest judges met last night and
decided on several changes in today S
exercises. Plans were further disar-
ranged this morning by rain, which be-
gan falling about o'clock and cOntin-
ued for some time. This, however, did
not interfere materially with the 1di-
vidual contests, which were held in the
various booths and buildings with
which the fair grounds abouno' put the
field exercises left unfinished from yes
terday could not be continued until the
grounds had dried up somewhat There
were still SO societies whose mem berS
had not taken part in the 100 yard
foot races. If these cannot be run off
the whole affair will be called off. Six
societies are yet to go through the far
high jumping contests. The rehearsal
of mass exercises with Wands, which
was curtailed by the committee of
judges, had to be done away with en-
tirely on account of the wet grounds.
In one of the largest buildings on the
grounds the fencing with tolls and sa-
bres was carried out according to pro
gra1nme. There were 80 contestants
with the foils and eight with sabres.
The scene enacted reminded one vivid
ly of the contests held at Heidelberg
university, with the exception that
there was not the amount OF blood let
ting seen there.
The other individual contests, for the
all-arOund prizes, three exercises on
the horse. horizontal and parallel bars,
were held within doors. At O'Clock
the rain let up and the individual COM
petitions in far jumping, pole vaulting
and hand climbing were pulled Off be-
tween the showers.
The computation committee is now
making slow headway in working out
the results of the contests. The fact
that the awards will not be officially
announced until Sunday night IS Civ
ing rise to considerable gossip as to the
probable winners. The general opin-
ion is that the New York Turnverein
stands a good show for either first or
second prize in the first group. 50 tar'
New York san Francisco and Denver
are showing up best among the visit
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-05-08

conduct. One spy, named Lorens, had
been appointed October 1, 1894, but pay
had been drawn from July 1, 1894. The
money for the time in which he had
not worked amounted to $369 This
amount had been drawn by Mr.. Machen
and appropriated by him through the
forgery of the check and voucher, all
of which was shown by the records of
the department and the treasury. In
dismisSing Mr.. Hill from the poStof1ce
department, Assistant Postmaster Cen
eral Jones had told him that he would
pursue him and secure his dismissal
from the department of justice as as
sistant commissioner of claims, which
he did.
Mr.. Hill was a lifelong Democrat.
Congress in 1896 specifically prohibited
the employment of the spies. Incident
ally, Mr.. Hill said that inspectors had
been instructed when making charges
against letter carriers whether they
were Democrats or Republicans. The
witness had filed a, sworn statement
concerning the political assessments
with Postmaster General Wilson. In
the course of crOSs-e examination it was
developed that the commission had
made a report on the matter of political
assessments, recommending to the at
torney general, Mr.. Olney, the prose-
cution of the officials implicated.
The committee adjourned for one
week
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-05-08
SANTA FE MEN WARNED.
Circular From President Ripley
Which is Somewhat MYstifYing.


President Ripley of the Santa Fe has
issued the following circular as to per
sOnal interests of officers or employees
in outside matters, or in investments
along the line:
"First-The entire working time of all
employees is paid for by the company,
and must be devoted to its interests
No officer or employe will be permitted
10 engage in other business occupying
any part of his time, or requiring his
attention, without the express sanction
of the undersigned in writing.
SecOnd-It is also manifestly i'm
proper that officers or employees having
charge Of or influencing the making of
rates, the purchasing or ordering of
ma terial, or the distribution of equip
ment, should have any private invest
ments or interests which may in any
manner affect the absolute neutrality
with which all patrons of the road
must be treated, or which may even
give rise to suspicion that such neutral
ity is not observed. No employe is
justified in occupying position in
which his private interests may conflict
with his official duty.
"Third-It is realized that employees
must invest their savings somewhere,
and that, in general, they can do so to
the best advantake along the lines OF
the company, because of their knOwl-
edge and cOntiguity, and it is not de-
sired to discourage such investment, ,eX-
Cept on the part of those mentioned in
paragraph 2 and in cases where such
investment may be affected by their
official action
'Fourth-Oncers or employees al
ready having obligations or invest
ments of the chara cter herein describ-
ed, and which cannot be disposed of ex-
cept at a sacrifice, will report the same
to the general manager of the road on
which they are employed. for his infOr-
nation and consideration and the lat
ter will forward the same to the under
signed, with his recommendation in the