davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-09-28
HOW WORRY AFFECTS THE
BRAIN,

Modern science has brought to light
nothing o c~urlously interesting
than the fact that worry will kill.
More remarkable still, it has been able
to determine, from recent discoveries,
jlst how worry does kill.
IL is believed Dy many scientists who
have followed most carefully the
growth of the science of brain diseases,
that scores Of the deaths set down to
other III are due to worry, and that
alone. The theory is a simple One-so
simple that anyone can readily under
stand it. Briefly put, it amounts TO
this: Worry Injuries beyond repair
certain cells Of the brain; and the
brain being the nutritive center Of the
body, the other organs become grad
ually injured, and when some disease
of these organs, OF a combination Of
them, arises, death finally ensues.
Thus does worry kill. Insidiously,
like many another disease, it creeps
upon the brain in the form Of a single,
constant, never lost idea; and, as the
dropping Of water over a period of
years will zee a groove in a sEone, so
does worry gradually, imperceptibly,
cut no less surely, destroy the brain
cells that lead all the rest-that are, so
to speak, the commanding officers of
mental power, health, and motion.
Worry, to make the theory still
stronger, is an lrritant at certain
points, which produces little harm it
1t comes at intervals or irregularly.
Occasional worrying Of the system the
brain can cope with, but the iteration
and r~eiJeration Of one idea of q dis
quoting sort the cells of the brain are
not proof against. IG is as if the skull
were laid bare and the surface OF the
brain struck lightly with a hammer
every few seconds, with mechanical
precision, with never a sign of a let up
or the failure of a stroke
Just in this way does the annoying
idea, the maddening thought that will
not be done away with, strike Or fall
upon certain nerve cells, never ceasinR,
and week by week diminishing the
vitality of these delicate organisms
that are so minute that they can only
be seen under the microscope.-PhRr-
maceutical Products
KEGS OF ONIONS THE WEAPONS.
Shortly before the Revolution, when
the air was heavily charged with fore,
bodings of the approaching struggle,
old Ma )r Putnam happened to be in
Boston. The mejor d,sliked the red
coats, and sometimes inveighed against
their arrogant superciliousness in no
gentle terms One day an officer Of
his Majesty's regulars overheard Put.
nam assert that the provincial army,
untutored in arms as they were, would
fight with the courage OF trained sol
diers. The officer resented the sse
ton, and afcer some hot words chal-
lenged the major to a duel, provided
he dared to fight.
"'Dare! I" shouted Putnam. "Why,
at any moment; but 1 choose the wea
pons,"
Name them" haughtily replied the
officer.
Two kegs of gun powder; the time,
to morrow; the distance ten PAGES; the
fight to be as follow You sit on one
keg, I on another; a slow fuse to be at
tached to each and lighted, and the
one who holds out the longest shall be
declared the winner"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-09-28

this boy is a genius, and deserves to
be encouraged"
And then to show that there's fun
in old folks as we'll as in young ones,
he added:
wife you take one fowl, and I'll
take the second, and John may take
the third for his learning Tine Stan
dard
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-09-28

bring the spice she needs from the
store. Bread of -four is good; but there
is bread, sweet as honey, if we would
eat it, in a good book.-Ruskin, in
Sesame and Lilies.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-09-28

wANTED-Trustworth and active
gentlemen or ladies TO travel for re-
sponsible, established house 10 North
Carolina. Monthly sos 90 and expenses.
Position steady. Reference. Euclose
self addressed stamped envelope. The
Dominion Company, Dept. ". Chicago.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-09-28

1t costs q great deal of money to TWR
paper like The Progressive Farmer.
If yOu O1Ce anything, send the mGO5GW
tO-6ap. Don't WG6t until tomorrow.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1897-09-28
WANTS

WANTED.-Five hundred new sab
scribers to enter our list during this
week.
THE PROGRESSIVE FARMEP,
Raleigh, N. @
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
CHARLES A. SMITH.
bet. so that the different accounts opened

bet. so that the different accounts opened
in il can readily be found.
In this book is opened an account with
people with whom you do business. and
different details of the general business
regarding which you desire TO keep special
record for ready reference and informa-
tion.
The process of transferring items from
the other account books into this ledger
Is called posting.
Tho sample ledger pages herewith sum
marzes the items previously recorded in
the simple cash aud charge accounts pre-
sented in previous lessons.
EXPLANATION.
Each of the accounts enumerated above
represents "a separate page in tine ledger.
The Capital" account for example
should be opened on page !. Turning to
the index, which should be at the begin
ming of the book, and nnding blank
Capital, l.. This entry, and similar
entries for all other accounts in the book
furnishes key to the book.
The entries given In the above accounts
in dicate that you have opened IN account
with Capital This account represents
money put into the business. 1t is the
first entry In the cash book. On the
other side Of the page should he recorded
moneys taken out or the business for per-
sonal use or goods consumed 10y your
family.
The second account Merchandise, "
represents the values of goods received
which are placed on the payment side be-
cause they must be paid for by you. The
entries are the two invoices of goods re.
ceivcd from the Pacific Tea Company
On the other side of the page are recorded
all sales OF merchandise whether for cash
or credit. BY reference Co the cash and
charge books you will see where the en-
tries come from. The total sales of each
day or week are entered, not the detailed
transactions.
The third account Expense" repre-
sents and shows the cost of doing bust
ness. IL should show summary of all
such items as rent, clerk hire, heat ad-
vertising, postage, delivery etc, etc III
you desire especial information of any
detail of expense you can open separate
account for u.
The four and fifth accounts Charles
A. Smith and Arthur Brown are given
to show how the ledger enables business
man to keep the individual accounts of
his customers in such way as 10 be able
Co rapidly tell how much credit no has
already given them.
The sixth account, Pacific Tea Com.
pany," is given tn show that you should
keep a separate account with each firm
or individual from whom you receive
credit, 50 rs TO bo able To easily ascertain
whether "A bill is correct or how much
you owe.
This simple form of ledger is an inval-
uabie guide 20 the owner of small bust
ness enterprise in fixing future prices on
his goods and intclligontly conducting his
efforts.
Continued on page Of Supploment.)
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21

The date, customers name and charges,
are filled in so show a bill for the first
Item on blotter.
When the bill is paid the amount re-
ceived is entered on the cash book" In
such way AS TO show the date OF pay
ment the party's name, the date up to
which the payment settles, and the amount.
Ii is also practice To check or mark
paid" each item on the memorandum
book, hy writing the abbreviation "Pd,
before or after the entry.
In using this system of keeping ac-
counts all bills that you must pay at
future date are gradually kept on n file
or bill hook.
When they are paid, the transaction is
recorded on the payment side OF the
leash book, - crossed Oft the "memoran-
dun book, " and the receipt preserved as
proof of settlement
Likewise when customer pays his bill
to you, you endorse IL received payment,
with date, and sign your name. This
furnishes him with receipt
In order 20 tell where the business
stands, whether profit" has been
made or "A loss sustained, person has
only 60 add up all the amounts due him,
the cash price of stock in hand, actual
cash on hand, and from the sum total
of these amounts deduct or subtract the
total amount he owes
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21

The entries indicate that something has
been bought and sold, and not paid for
Immediate cash payments should be- on.
tered in the leash book shown in Les
son No. !.
On the first line in the book plainly
write in full the date, and under this
date record all the charge sales of that
day.
In the example, the man opens his book
Jan. !, 1891
He make sales to Charles A. Smith and
Arthur Brown. These transactions are
plainly indicated by the entries.
On Jan. ?. he makes charge sale TO
III. II. Jones, and on the 9th another
charge sale TO G. IL. Thompson.
On. Jan. 9 he records "A different sort of
charge entry He receives from the Pa
cihc Tea Company two chests of tea billed
TO him at $50 This tea is delivered on
credit He therefore records the receipt
of the goods as plainly stated in the entry.
The entries indicate that goods have
been delivered to customers. TO be paid
for at some future date. At the end of
every week or month, according to prac-
tice Of tho storekeeper, bills are made out
from these memoranda or entries In
order TO make out bill, all that is neces-
sary is to- run down the pages and find all
items charged against the person. Each
of these items is copied on To bill head,
and an addition of all the amounts will
show how much the person owes.
A bill head is usually printed sheet,
with blanks left for filling in items. A
simple bill head is here shown
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
INPIANATION.
o entries or records mean:

These entries or records mean:
On January the business was started
with capital of 800 This capital, be-
ing the starting point, must be placed on
the left hand page, just the same as money
received would be. 1t Is thereupon re-
corded: Ian. i To casn on hand, 500.
Tho space before tie first perpendicular
ruling should be used to record the date
of each transactions; the next two spaces
should bo used To record the amount III
dollars and cents Cf the transaction.
On January Charles X Brown bought
and paid for five pounds of tea. Tie
transaction is plainly stated in the above
ontry, as is also similar sale 10 Arthur
Smith.
These transactions all being on the left
page, and all representing money received
should be added Up when the page Is full,
as In the example.
ON the other side Of the book-the
right hand page, or what we Will cali the
payment side-the entries indicate
that Oh Jan l you paid 80 for rent in ad-
vance. for the month of January; that
ON the same day you paid the Pacific
Tea Company S63, in settlement OF their
bill for invoice OF goods received Dec. -,
representing stock ON hand; that on Jan.
2 you bought 2U0 stamps, and that or the
same day YOU paid the Rapid Printing
Company s3 for 1000 bill heads.
lHt lhSL lltltlt DN
forward" means tho surplus of money
received or on hand, as indicated by tho
cash book, over that paid out.
The amount of the balance carried for
ward should be extended on the top Of
the fourth page OF the book, thus "To
balance brought forward, S29. y
This entry takes the place OF tie first
entry on page and represents cash on
hand in the business.
Entries on left hand. for receipt" side
pages should DC preflxed by the word
ITO, and those on the right hand or
payment" site page, should be prefxed
10y the word by"
In this simple form OF cash account
you can, bv adding up all the amounts
on the received side of the book, and from
such amount subtract the total Of the
amounts on the payment side, find out
how your cash should stand.
by adding tn the balance Of cash shown
to be on band the value Of stock on
hand you Can bv comparing the total
with the capital with which you started
in business, find out whether you have
impaired your capital or not
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21

properly charged TO the cost OF production
expense, and be considered in determin-
ing the selling price Of all goods.
The cost of advertising is paid by the
customer ana not by the merchant III he
figures in the modern way.
This age is too rapid for n business man
who hopes To make large profits, or ex-
poets the public Co go cropping about with
lanterns, like Diogenes of old, To find
what they want.
SIMPLE BOOKKEEPING.
In the previous lessons we have given
instructions how TO open simple memo
randum, cash andscharge accounts. This
week we shall show how the entries made
in those accounts may be carried into u
simple ledger, and the advantage of doing
SO.
BY the use Of ledger business man
can keep record of his different transac-
tions in such form that he can at a glance
find out how he stands with any personal
or impersonal detail of his business.
A ledger is a ruled book in which each
page shows "A received and payment side.
1t is indexed by letters of the alpha
q
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21

asked for the same goods later in the sea
son.
Thus il Is that almost any commodity
brings higher price early IN the season
than later on when IL Is commoner or the
seller wishes to turn stock into cash.
Thus, the dry goods store charges $25
for summer dress I'm April or May which
it would gladly sell for SIS in July or
August
In order to prepare to meet all demands
the merchant must lay in sufficient stock.
He is generally able TO realize n handsome
profit on the goods sold early in the sea-
son.
As the season drags along and activity
in the goods ceases, prices are lowered
and the goods are offered as bargains.
Sometimes the storekeeper finds 1t good
business to sell this same stock at cost or
even less than cost, in order TO attract
trade To his store
1t will be readily seen that if he has
made big profits on the bulk of the stock
OF goods he can well afford To turn any
small balance on hand into cash at a
shade below cost and still make money
on the consignment or sum total.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
Power of Electricity.

In recent experiments an arc OF 40 to 80
volts. with current of 300 to 800
ampcres, is said to have penetrated in
three To ten minutes safe walls from three
To six inches thick. A rougn steel ingot,
perhaps 6x1xl0 inches, was penetrated
with diagonal. Jagged hole from one
and "A half Co three and n half inches in
diameter, the thickness of metal pierced
being about eight or nine inches. Who
will now warrant burglar proof safeg
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
FIXING A PRICE.

They are largely guided in determining
their selling prices by prevailing trade
conditions
The demand for cortnin articles conse-
qucnt upon their srasonn blcness aud
newncss OF stylo may lead 90 the liking
Of "a higher price at the start than Will be
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
A Notable
Enterprise.

THE NEWS SELF EDUCATOR
FEATURE, commencing with a
series of twenty easily conpre-
hended lessons on the mysteries
of
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
OPENING AN ACCOUNT.

On the page to the left, whenever the
book is opened except next It's cover, and
on the corresponding pages (those to the
left) throughout the book should be re-
corded every business transaction which
involves the receipt of money.
On the page TO the right (the third
page of the book( and on the cores
ponding pages (those on the right
throughout the book, should he recorded
memorandum OF every business trans
action which involves the outgo of
money.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21

These accounts are merely given for the
Eeneflt of those engaged in small business
enterprises, and must not be confused
with the science of bookkeeping
They are merely presented To show the
necessity for keeping intelligent records
of business transactions.
A book necessary for the purpose can be
procured at any stationery store for "A
few cents.
It should be ruled with horizontal lines
across The page, and with perpendicular
lines up and down the page in order TO
keep the menorandums, in such form rs
10 make future operations Of addition and
investigation simple.
That Is, by putting the record or date,
customers names sand dollars and cents in
regular stated places on each page, and
directly uDoer each other, date under
date, name under name, and amount
under amount so rs 10 be able to easily
find any item and add up tie amounts
involved.
Opening the book To its second page
that Is, turning over one leaf so as to
have page TO the left we shall com.
mence.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
Successful
Business,
SUBSCRIBE NOW!
4Ao Il.eres. iiarometer.

1t will pay silverites who want cheap
money-that is, money at low rates of
interest-to study the rates of interest
charged in gold and silver standard
countries and to compare the average
rates OF interest on certain classes Of
loans in sound money states, which
never favor repudiation, and in states
which favor free coinage and which
sometimes favor repudiation of debts. I
1t is difficult TO get exact figures of in
terest rates in different states and coun-
tries, but tho statistics obtainable are
not favorable for the farmer who votes
for free silver with the expectation that
il would enable him to borrow money
at low rates of interest.
According TO the last census, the
average ratio Of interest on farm mort
cages in 1890 wSs 1856 per cent. The
rate has undoubtedly declined since
then, except, perhaps, in certain states
which are voting and legislating against
capital. The rate is also higher than
that on most other classes of securities
IL is probable that the average rate Of
interest in this country is now consider
able less than 6 per cent. In England,
France, Germany and many other gold
standard countries il is undoubtedly less
than per cent. We have, however. put
the rate on the barometer at per cent.
In Mexico, Central and South Amer.
ican countries and in most other coun--
tries on silver basis the rates Of inter
est will probably average more rather
than less than per cent. Statistics on
ordinary loans On farm mortgages are
not available for comparison in these
countries. Perhaps the best available
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21
LESSON No. 3.
SIfIIING

1t does not matter who you are or what
you are, If you are not absolutely depend
ent on Others for a living, you are selling
something
1t may be your labor, your skill or the
product of your brain.
No matter what you are selling, you
should seek To obtain the highest price for
that which you offer IN order TO make
profit.
Americans are nation Of workers;
therefore, nearly all Americans are en-
gagged in selling, and IL Is highly essential
To know the secret of selling successfully
The man who sells without counting
the cost. and counting II closely and in
telligently, Is on the right road 10 failure.
Successful selling depends largely upon
exact knowledge rs To cost production.
As explained in the second lesson, cost
of production means the cost Of bringing
the article to the counter store or market
and disposing Of IL.
Too much stress cannot be placed upon
the Importance Of this vital detail OF sue
ccssful business.
Having what you wish To sell in your
store or ready for the market, the next
step IL to fix "A price at which the goods or
thing can be sold To yield n profit.
No two firms probably have exactly SIM
liar methods of arranging their profits
aud fixing their prices.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1897-05-21

arc those prepared by Professor Irving
Fisher ana rublished in August, 1896,
by tho American Economic association.
These show cniy market or bank rates
Of interest IL London, Berlin, Paris,
New YoIk, Calcutta, Tokyo and Shang-
hal for n series OF years, and of course
these are far below tho average rates
Professor Fisker finds that the average
bank rate of interest from 1875 to 1879
was 3. s per cen. in the four gold stand
ard countries and 10. / per cent in the
three silver standard countries. In sill
yer standard countries the rate had fallen
but little, the average for 1904 being
10.7 per cent In gold standard coun-
tries the rate had fallen over 90 per
cent, or from D. 2 in 1904. These facts
tend 10 show that there is some good
reason why interest is lower in gold
standard countries They are confirmed
by the further facts that many large
loans aud scme small ones made in sill
YER standard countries are made pay
eble in gold and at rates of interest far
below those prevailing. One of the al
legged reasons why japan has changed
from silver TO a gold basis is 10 obtain
lower rates Of interest on loans which
she wished to negotiate.
There is more in this subject Of cheap
money than some silverites dream OF.
The best money is, In fnct, the cheapest.
II the borrower thinks otherwise, Ice
him have his cheap money and pay the
increased rates Of interest Charged Tor IL!
Byron w. Holt
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1897-03-09

drawn from foreign publications. This
subiect has however, been taken up by
the English journal, Industries and
Iron, and, although it states that an
American process for renewing these
lamps after the flament has been bro
ken has been developed, it does not give
tho name of inventors nor state that the
process has come into anything like gon-
eral application. Its description of the
operation is therefore given for what it
il worth.
1t states that commercial success
has been made of process for renewing
burned out lamps which renders possible
the use of the old bulb at q very slight
expense. By tho new method the collar,
or bare end, Of the lamp is not disturb
ed, the old hlGment being removed and
the new one placed through small hole
in the lamp bulb made by removing the
tip. The small hole is subsequently clos.
ed exactly in the same manner rs in the
case of the new lamp, leaving nothing
to indicate in the finished, repaired
lamp that it had ever been opened.
1t is stated that some 400, 900 lamps
have been repaired by this method, the
filament being inserted through the
small hole referred TO by skillful twist
of the hand and secured in position by
special carbon paste. The black deposit
on tho inside Of the bulb is removed by
fitting the lamp TO the holder and re
moving it in gas furnace, while in-
mediately following this operation a
small glass tube is fused to the opening
made in the bulb, through which the
lamp is exhausted. When this has been
done and the last trace of air and gas
absorbed, blowpipe flame is directed
upon the throat of the tube, which is
melted into the point exactly in every
respect u counterpart of the original
lamp. Providence Journal