davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

II at . long range - to send maa
ahead to q high elevation. when, by
signals from c1e man In charge OF the
transit. he places 1t at given point,
where It must remain stationary until
reached by the transit. The heliotroper
must remain with 1t to keep the sun
continually shining upon one OF the
mirrors. which are about three inches
In diameter. There he must stay, It
may be for days or 1t may be for
months. For measuring the distance
in this work the stadia method was
adopted. which 10 simply calculating
the space on an upright rod which
comes between the cross-hairs Of the
transit. As the rod 10 moved away the
space on the rod increases, and vice
versa. This way of measuring the die
lance proved very satisfactory. and
much more correct than the chain. It
ranks next to the triangulation meth
cd for accuracy.
"when we reached Tiajuana, little
Mexican town twelve miles south Of
San Diego" wrote q member Of the
Barlow party recently, I'VE found the
old cast-iron monument completely de-
stroyed, nothing remaining but the base
on which It formerly stood. We re-
placed the base with very large one
OF concrete, In which we used elk bar
rels of cement. On this we built q
granite monument twelve feet high.
with elaborate inscriptions, after which
we placed a high steel fence around It
for protection against relic hunters.
But before our Office work was finished
at San Diego terrible dood came
down the Otai River, near which Il
stood, and undermined It. causing Il
to topple over into the roaring torrent,
never again appearing In sight The
sand that washed down dlling the bed
| of the river covered It 90 deep that II
| was never found. 20 that 1t was neces
sary to construct an entire new one .,
| a more secure place. The nnal monu
ment. No. 2b0. standing on the mess
overlooking the ocean, was originally
q very fine one, but the relic hunters
had continued to break OF the cor
ners until It was battered into q dis
graceful condition. After recutting and
re-engraving this beautiful piece o.
marble we placed q steel fence arount
1t. which will probably protect It from
the vandal hand Of the relic hunter
This monument was shipped from Yer
mont around Cape Horn to San deg
In 1851. and from there conveyed Of
gun carriages belonging to the mill
tary post at San Diego to its destina
ton. where 1t has ever since been al
object of interest, especially to tn
Eastern tourist.
ut required about Ave months to fiu
ish the office work and print the photo
graphs, after which the ONCE was tram
ferred to Washington, where the wor
ID being prepared for the 6nal report
An additional appropriation was necei
sary for making maps and finishing tn
report and paying few other inc
dental expenses, so we 6nd that tn
cost to each government will amour
to 100000, or 100000 In the aggrs
gate. which, with three years work |
the field, has given Us weli-marke
international boundary, with mont
ments intervisible from one to ~
other at various distances from on'
half to five miles apart, no that an
part of the line may In the future b
determined easily"
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

less: kerosene barrels well burned out
ne excellent. A pump may be used
IN this we'll or the water easily dipped
with pail by the hand or with short
pole. This arrangement prevents any
refuse matter getting into the main
drain, and II the well Is covered none
can get into it.-Farm and Fireside.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04
FiR,ny Races.

There are several pigmy races vary
Ing very little in size. and ranging from
three anu half feet to four and half
feet in height. Among others are the
Itas of the Philippines. the Andaman
islanders, and the Akkas of Central
Africa. OF the African dwarf races,
Emin Pasha states that the tribes near
Lake Akkas average four feet one inch.
DR.. Parke. who In 1886 discovered the
Batwa, gives their average height rs
four feet three inches, but places them
intellectually above the Nubian ne
groes. These races are regarded by
some anthrop0logists as survivors OF a
race that may have once occupied u
much wider region. extending, It is sug-
gested, over India. North Africa, tho
Pyrenees, Switzerland and Central
America
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04
projected and comfortably housed in
Tue prettiest br0oding coop to be found.

Judging q ri: by Its Hair.
AZ an indication of the quality Of
pig. the hair Is made Of much value to
!ne breeder or feeder. Fine, silky hair
u an indication that the flesh will be
nne-grained and Of good quality.
coarse. stiff hair is Invariably found
% an animal slow to fatten and with
coarse flesh. The shrewd feeder and
Tue shrewd breeder will reject an ami
lnal with coarse hair; such hair usually
accompanies a bad disposition. Star
.ag hair indicates an unhealthy condi-
uon OF the body. By studying the Pc
cuharities Of the hair of live stock
much of the internal structure and Of
me disposition Of the animal may be
learned.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

Larkins-You mean to tell me that
that Is wedding procession on the
way to the crematOry?
Kilson-Yes; the bride Is a Boston
girl, and they are going to thaw her
out.-New York Journal.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

George Washington Sr.-Ge0rge, did
you cut down that cherry tree?
George Washington Jr.-Did you see
me?
George Washington Sr.-Yes. sir. l
did.
George Washington Jr.-Father.
cannot tell a lie. did 1t with my lit
tie hatchet.-Judge.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

Tomatoes Grown by the Acre.
Many farmers now find the tomato
fairly profitable crop. They require
moderately fertile land. but not so rich
as the vines find in ordinary garden
culture. Very rich land makes too
much foliage and delays ripening Of
the fruit. 1t is not expected, however.
that field tomatoes shall be earliest In
market. More often their best sale
comes late In the season, when there 10
demand even for the unripe fruit to be
made into pickles with other vegetable
products of the garden.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04
Dsndelion Greeua.

Every housewife knows that dande-
lion greens are excellent for the table,
and none the worse because they are
slightly tonic to the stomach and aid
digestion. But all do not know that
the dandelion under good cultivation
grows much larger than in its wild
state, and Is therefore much more cas-
lily gathered. cleaned and prepared for
the table. 1t Is considerably grown for
greens by market gardeners, who find
1t a fairly profitable crop. Probably II
farmers planted the improved varieties
Of dandelion they could find a good
market In nearby cities or villages
along with other produce.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

Sapacity Of Bins and Wagons.
every boy around the farm Of suita-
I've age should be taught how to figure
sos the number Of bushels Of wheat
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

handles, uprights, braces, etc. put to-
gether as shown In the Illustration.
One person guides the reel by holding
the handles while another turns the
crank.-Orange Judd Farmer.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

Everyone occasionally wishes that his
friends would worry uaore about his
condition.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04
Uueveuly Matched Teams.

Uneveuly Matched Teams.
1t was an old command Of the Mo
sale law not to yoke the OK and the
ass together. This was not by any
means an arbitrary rule. 1t had sound
reason behind it. The slow OK and the
quicker ass could not pull true, and
neither could do its best when thua
coupled. Whenever teams travel un
evenly there is constant jerking the
yoke from one side to the other, caus
ing gals that soon requise a long
period Of rest to heal. When the team
is matched SO that it will pull true. II
will do more work, and without either
animal in the team being injured.
Barbed Wire Reel.
The reel is made up of two cultivatOl
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

Barbed Wire Reel.
The reel is made up Of two cultivate,
wheels, q 3x3 inch timber for an axle
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04


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Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1897-06-04

Tested
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The advocate., 1897-06-30

French Coast--very salt and decidedly
coppery in taste-forms 76 per cent. Of
the whole consumption. There was
over On ounce Of fish day for each
Partisan (62,646,7S2 pOunds), and still
more fowl and game (68, ,4S3, ,l55 pounds).
Had the butchers meat (beef, veal and
mutton) been divided equally, there
would have been three-elghths Of a
pound daily for each person, with an
ounce Of pork. All these meats together
amounted to 396,OO6,437 pounds, to
which should be added 10,74l, GAG pounds
of horse meat, l7,S36,539 OF tripe, kid
neys and the like, 6,372,55S pounds Of
sausages, and 3,742, ,372 pounds Of canned
meats, sardines and similar prepared
foods. Fruits and vegetables together
are estimated at 570,l0705O pounds,
over half pound daily to each person.
It is when we come to the drinking of
the mighty city that we sec it's stomach
capacity most developed. I need not
say that q definite temperance alarm
has already been sounded, not because
Of spasmodic drunkenness, but from the
increasing frequency OF chronic alCo-
holism resulting from steady overstimula-
tion. The nrODOrtion of wine (Of all
klnds) is considerably over half quart
day for each person, but as children
drink little, this quantity may be safely
doubled for each adult, or, better,
tripled for men. The entire yearly con-
sumption was l27, ,S24,O96 gallons. This
was eked out with 6,55Tl75 gallons Of
beer, 4,688,Ol4 gallons Of cider and 4,8l9,.
200 gallons Of strictly alcoholic liquor, in
the form OF brady, absinthe and the like
The advocate., 1897-06-30
The Sparrow and Che Bank.

The following is related showing how
q sparrow fight brought on run on q
New York savings bank:
"One day last week most amusing
thing occurred in connection with one OF
our smaller savings banks. 1t was dur
ing the moon luncheon hour. Two spar
rows had been having fierce battle in
tie street in front Of the bank in ques-
tion. The trAfic on this particular
street is quite heavy, particularly while
clerks, merchants and others are on their
way to and from the midday meal. The
sparrows made q considerable noise and
their movements finally landed them on
the roof of the bank building. First
one pedestrian stopped to watch the
fight, then another, and so on until g
fair-sized crowd stood on the opposite
side Of the street and looked up intently
toward the low bank building,
"That was enough. Late arrivals
guessed at once something was the mat
tor, and soon there was rush from the
outskirts OF the crowd. A few were on
their wsy to get their bank books and
others to warn their friends. In the
afternoon thirty-eight depositors had
appeared inside OF half an hour, many
Of them humble, foreign born workmen,
and IL took the best efforts Of the entire
bank force to quiet them down and
The advocate., 1897-06-30

not the offender was arrested and put
in prison.
II q boy were found idling about the
farm with no money in his pocket he
was sent to jail; il he had 25 cents he
was allowed TO 90 free with q caution.
The plan worked wonderfully. The
rough, unruly boys became at once
amenable to the rule Of the republic, and
Mr.. Georges difficulty was practically at
an end. At first the boys were notforced
to work; il they were not willing to do
the tasks assigned them they were allowed
to stay on the farm, but were given
simpler fare at meal time, They had
soup and bread for dinner and coffee and
bread for supper and breakfast. They
had to sit on rough benches at uncovered
tables. More than that, they had to see
the industrious members OF the republic
take their places at tables spread with
white cloths and laden with sub.
stsntial meal. But they did not care,
They were called paupers by the other
boys, but they did not object to the
name; it was what they had been used
to in the city. Since these boys were too
idle tU work the other boys we're taxed
3 cents on the dollar topsy for their food.
By and by the thrifty boys began to
rebel
They did not want TO work for the
boys who would not work for themselves
and by themselves solved the problem
that "if a man will not work, neither
shall he eat" The grievance was taken
to Mr.. George, who wisely said, "You
have your president and your house OF
representatives. Make your own laws.
The result was that in q short time the
paupers sat down to table devoid OF
even the soup and bread. The matter
was settled in few days. The working
boys were hrm and before long the
idlers were glad to go to work and earn
a square meal. Whether a boy slept in
the Waldorf and ate his meals in Del
monioo's or whether he lived in the
palmer quarters was for him to decidei
each boy paid for his board from his
earnings on the farm. The result Of
the scheme has been 80 successful that
some Of the older boys are working with
q view to entering Cornell before many
years have passed, Last winter about
forty boys remained on the farm and
continued to add to their earnings.
When the boys go back to the city the
tin money is exchanged for United
| Gkntoc c,,rwnvoU
The advocate., 1897-06-30
The Boys Republic.

From the Buffalo Express.
Buffalo people are becoming interested
in new charity, or rather, in broader
lines Of one that has been previously
tried. Last Saturday morning a meeting
Of phiIanthropic men and women was
held at the Genesee to confer with Mr..
William II. George Of Tompkins County,
N. Y, regarding the organization Of an
auxiliary to the Junior Republic. The
story Of the origin of the Junior Republic
is intensely interesting and awakened
strong desire in those who heard it to
establish similar movement among
Buffalo children. The story is this
Six years ago Mr.. George, who has q
farm Of about thirty acres in Freevilla,
a village not far from Ithaca, began to
take in boys from New York during the
summer months. AT first only score Of
boys we're taken to the farm, but grad
ually the number increased to over $50,
and their care became no small under
taking. The boys were mostly from the
poorest part Of New York, wild, uncared
for and without the least idea Of earn
ing living for themselves.
Mr.. George found the task Of keeping
them ia order for several weeks each
year a difficult one, and also one which
he did not care to give up. So he con-
ceived the idea of forming q junior re-
public and putt into operation two years
ago. A president was elected among the
boys, also q senate, q house Of represen-
tatives, police commissioners and police
men. The farm house was fitted with
dormitories, the better furnished apart
ments being designated by tho name Of
the Waldorf and the palmer as the
''garout" or garret. The best dining
room was called DeImonico's and the
other sherry's. The boys were expected
to work ON the farm at whatever tasks
were assigned them, and were paid 10
cents an hour. The money paid was in tin
coin, some friend donating quantity OF
tin currency to be used in the republic.
The president and his congress made
the laws by which the Inhabitants otthe
little colony must abide il they would be
its citizens. The police saw that the
lave were enforced and when they wore
The advocate., 1897-06-30

induce them not 10 withdraw their
deposits. AS a matter Of fact, four were
paid off In gold TO prove that they could
have their money il necessary, Then
they didn't want it."
The advocate., 1897-06-30

The Food and Drink Supply Of a Great City
The provisioning Of a large city is a
matter of immense proportions, A cor
respondent of the New York Evening
Post gives the figures for Paris during
the year 1896. Under the French system
Of taxation, all market supplies Of
provisions brought into the city is
charged with q sort of customs duty
which must be paid to the proper officer
before permission is granted to sell.
This duty is known as ''octroi," and by
means Of the octroi records the authorities
may learn at any time how much Of any
given article is brought into the city and
sold.
The statistics Of the provisioning OF
Paris with food and drink are the result
Of long labor. They are exact to an
astonishing degree, as the city levies it's
octroi on nearly all provisions that enter
at the gates. AS published by the Direc-
tion of Municipal Affairs, graphical
representations are given, showing the
ups and downs in quantity, price, city
taxation, and so forth, Of each ofthe arti-
cles, as we'll as their varying origin. The
greater part of the immense revenue of
the city Of Paris--more than $4,000, 900
yearly--comes from the octroi duties
collected on provisions and fuel. The
duties levied on all theater receipts,
betting at races paris mutuals), and
other Partisan pleasures make up the
sum which is spent so prodigally on
streets and schools, and public buildings
or other municipal pomp.
In 1896, the year for which the COM
plete statistics have just been published,
a census OF the population was made,
giving 2,536,934 inhabitants Of all ages
inside the walls OF Paris. The most inn
portant single item of food Of all this
people is bread, plain and simple, as
would be expected by those who observe
children and workingmen munching
contentedly at q dry loat's end. The
daily proportion of bread per inhsbitant
man, woman or child, is about nine
tenths of pound, to which corresponds
not quite an ounce of butter. Even this
small proportion of butter is used for the
most part in cooking, the spreading OF
butter on bread not being q universal
habit. Altogether, Paris got away
during the year, with Sl9, ,779,327 pounds
Of bread and 46,514,l36 pounds of butter
All this butter was the native product
from Normandy, Brittany and the west,
with the exception Of 65O,82O pounds
which were imported from Switzerland
Belgium, Denmark, Alssce and Holland
Cheese, nearly all French, reached a.
909,O94 pounds.
To each inhabitant of Paris, the
statistics allow over one.half an egg
daily, the exact number Of eggs brought
into the city during the year being 5l3,-
S82O4O. Oysters were brought in to the
amount OF 23,S28,68O pounds, which by
equal division would give to everyone a
little less than half an ounce a day.
The small kind called @Portnguaise, \
although gathered entirely from the
The advocate., 1897-06-30
Description Of a Modern Battle-shIp.

ing interesting description OF one OF the
great battle.ships is copied:
"No one can form q just idea Of q
battle ship--such as the Indiana for
example until ithas been inspected first
on the building-ways and then when
commissioned for sea service. Abstract,
life-denuded statements are Of little
avail, but perhaps if its factors Of 348
feet length, 60 feet breadth, and 81 feet
depth be turned into similar dimensions
Of the built-up streets or blocks Of city
or town, the meaning Of it's bulk may
become palmer. This steel mass is
belted with armor half yard in thick
ness, and mounts guns which weigh 67
tons and throw shells that will penetrate
80 inches of iron, or fly through the air
for distance OF IL miles. Forward,
with its beak near the water-line, q
monster ram projects, built at that level
because IL placed lower it would plough
the water so as to arrest speed, be too
weak for q siding blow, or, when en-
tangled in the wreck of vessel Eammed
below the armored deck, be- freed with
difficulty. Bllge-ksels, long projecting
fins curved with the sweep Of the hull,
are bolted to each side at the turn ofthe
bottom, to reduce the rolling; and to
preserve stability OF fotation, two we'll
separated and independent skins sur
round the framework OF the ship
"The armored redoubt built upon this
monster fabric has walls ~ feet high,
Bll-plate, bolt, and rivet-of the fiuest
steel AT either end Of this redoubt a
circular fort, crowned with o turret, car
ries pair Of 67-ton guns, which sweep
the encircling horizon. Ashore such
structure would be considered marvellous,
impregnsble; but here it's possibilities
are a hundredfOld multiplied, for it can
move to any threatened pointat Rspeedof
l6 knots an hour, stow 1900 tons OF coal,
and carry 450 men and officers In it's
holds are stores and provisions sufficient
for q six months cruise, and in it's maga,
zines and shellrooms slumber powder
and projectiles sufficient to sink feet
Its battery--its armament--is composed
Of four 13 inch guns, eight S.inoh, four
6-inch, and thirty rapid fire and machine
pieces. Were all these guns discharged
at the same instant, three tons Of metal,
projected by ton and half Of powder,
would fly whi2zing, shrieking, bursting,
through the air. Each Of its 13 inch
guns can be loaded and fired in five
minutes; every one of it's S-inch in one
minute; and the combined energy OK lts
four l3-inch reaches-WhatY l34,508
foot-tons; or, less technically described,
they give an energy sufficient to throw
the l0,O00-ton Indiana, or any other
battle-ship Of her size, 1315 feet straight
into the air. Imagine this energy pound
ing destruction upon the armored sides
Of On enemy, while each Of the 8.inch
guns is moving a 250-pound shell,
developing 1900 tons energy every eight
seconds, against the lighter armored
and unarmored sides and ends OF the
ship; and, tortifying this hurricane Of
death andN destruction, fancy the auto
mobile torpedoes, charged with gun
cotton or other high explosives, darting
at the unprotected underwater body Of
the ship, while rapid.fre and machine
The advocate., 1897-06-30
The Young People.

Only day at time. There may never be q
tomorrow
only day at q time, and that we can live.
We know
The trouble we cannot bear is only the trouble
we borrow
And the trials that never come are the ones
that fret us so.
Only step at time. 1t may be the angels
bend DER us,
To bear us above the stones that wound our
feet by the way,
The step that is hardest OF all Is not the one
just before us,
And the path we dread the most may be
smoothed another day. -Ah0n
Give arms OF strength to aid the poor and
weak;
Give strong hands to the friendless,
Kind tender words so short and sweet 10 speak,
Whose echoings shall be endless
--Athert0n FdrL0ng