davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30
BLANK BOOKS.

New-York City is practically the headquarters
for the manufacture of all kinds of blank sta
tionery books. They are shipped in large guam
titles to all parts of the country. The returns
derived from this line OF business are said 20
aggregate Sl6,O00,000 a year. The trade is
divided into two classes. special work and stock
work The former refers 70 books specially
ruled and printed to meet the particular require
ments of certain customers. The latter is ordi-
nary work. One large firm. IN Duane-st.. ships
tons OF this kind Of stationery 10 San Francisco
every year; 1t is said to do a business that
reaches $1,0OO,0OO a year. In 1873 its books
showed an income Of $4,000. The next largest
concern in the trade shows It's receipts to be
500 600 a year There are over nifty mahufact
lrers of this kind of stationery in this city, with
varying incomes. The Lowest Is said TO be not
less than $4,000. II is profitable business
The fact that the large account books of busl-
ness firms. banks and corporations require to
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30
TRADE JOURNALS.

The multiplication Of trade newspapers-or. in
other words. of periodical publications specially
devoted to the interests of particular lines Of
trade and commerce-has usually been taken as
a sign Of the industrial progress and develop
ment of country. The city OF New-York sup
plies a striking example OF the truth Of this
theory In 1880 the first paper issued
which purportei to give It's exclusive attention
to commercial subject. This The
American Railway Journal" But no individual
line of trade was represented by an organ Of
its own until the year 1916, when The Dry
Goods Economist" made its appearance 1t had
a difficult task before it. and did not meet with
any substantial success until it had been some
years in existence. The next papers 10 he
tabshed on similar lines were THE Shoe and
Leather Reporter" and THE Iron Age" Like
their predecessor. they started in the in
terests Of trades the annual outturns Of which
were already large and steadily increasing. The
capital invested in them was proporionately
great These two trade papers have such,
no superiors in the world either regards the
the branches of industry they represent
or the commanding position and financial sue
they have attained in class journalism.
The advantages to be derived from the main
tenance Of a representative journal soon became
apparent to the trades which developing
year by year concurrently with the progress and
prosperity of the Republic. Such papers as The
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30
ROOKBINDING.

The bookbndng industry has attained great
proportion in New-York. The annual volume
OF business done in this line represents several
millions OF dollars. The trade Is divided into
various branches-thc binding Of printed books
ir solid covers bankbooks and paper-covered
novels and pamphlets. Many houses individu-
ally transact a business Of S1JO,0OO a year.
Books are sent to New-York from all parts
of the country II be bound, and the
local trade In binding the ordinary paper
covered novels is very large. Such firms
rs the American Book Company and American
News Company purchase the rights OF books
which they give out in immense quantities TO
be bound. Binding and mailing are undertaken
in combination by a number Of firms, and this
is done in connection with pamphlets. to very
considerable extent Some Of these binding and
mailing fir ms expended for their patrons during
last year total sums reaching nenrly S2OOUO
each for postage alone. Doubtless many other
firms could show, for the same period individual
expenditures for the same purpose much greater
in amount The majority OF the large publish
ing houses Of New-York give out their books to
be bound. though there is at least one prominent
esta ablishment which maintains bindery Of its
own The makers Of blankbooks do their own
binding.
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

Shoe and Leather Reporter" and The Iron Age
had shown the way. and the wide field which
class Journalism offered to business enterprise
and saeacity gradually Invaded untli AT
last Il became fully occupied. New-Iork as the
premier city Of the Union. and the entrepot OF
its commerce. became a great centre for the
publication of trade papers. The purpose of
these is to gather all the news and general in
formation-domestic and foreign-relating to or
In any way affecting. the interests of the vari-
Gus lines of commerce whose organs they are.
Current prices. the changing condtlops OF the
markets Of the world-every topic upon which
full and reliable information is Of essential value
10 seller and buyer-are all treated in detail me
advertising patronage trade journals command
&c enormous. because as they reach wholesale
purchasers directly. they are the most useful
mediums for producers. 1t follows that their
main income must be derived from the volume Of
advertising they carry. although the circulation
Of the greater ones within the class TO which
they appeal IS very large. 1t is calculated that
some of these journals have an income Of
100000 year. AS their running expenses are
heavy. they could not he proitably conducted in
the absence Of n generous income.
Those great pioneers in the development of
trade journalism. THE Shoe and Leather Re
porter" and The Iron Age" have been al
ready mentioned II would he impractcable
within the limits Of the present sketch to give
even a mere list OF all the class papers printed
and published in this metropolis. 1t may safely
be asserted that no special business interest u
any importance is without its own organ.
Not only commerce. but the arts and sciences.
religion. education. sports and pastmes OF all
kinds the professions. and the secret societies
maintain public atoms devoted to their interests.
In the field Of finance The Bankers Mag2-
zine" occupies a prominent position. and is re-
garded az an authority THE Engineering
News" ably covers the field indicated by its
name and has done for many years. The
Brewers Journal" is representative and long
| established Locomotive Engineering" counts
| its circulation by tens OF thousands: "Bonforts
Wine and Spirit Circular is trade organ Of
high reputation. Railway Equipment" is con-
ducted with ability. covering the field Of rail-
road supplies: "E Comercio" is widely
recognized medium for the dissemination of gen
eral commercial news. and publishes an Eng
| ush and n Spanish edition Among clothing
trade Journals THE Cloak and Suit Review"
occupies q high position; The Street Railway
Iournal" is authoritative and exhaustive in the
discussion and exposition OF the many-sided
euhiect 10 which IL Is devoted, The United
States Financial and Mercantile Examiner, OF
No.y York civ furnishes Information 10 a
numerous class Of patrons: The Progressive
Ace" watches the interests of gas and water
nine manufa cturers. dealers ana consumers
The "commutcr" finds Interesting ana up-to-
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30
THE PETER COOPER MONUMENT.

account Of a public celebration The steam
press was first employed in American lithog-
raphy in 1866, and the presses now in use are
marvellous Improvements upon the original
model The lithographic stone Genes from Ger
many, but zinc is now used as we'll as stone.
In 1860 there were in the United States fifty
three lthographing concerns, employing $50
hands The total capital invested was $445,2oO
At the same date New-York supported twenty
three Of the ffty-threc firms mentioned To-day
the National Lithographers' Association has a
membership Of between sixty and seventy firms.
Thirteen Of these are New-York concerns. Their
aggregate capital has already been quoted here,
but it may be m, ntioned that one has an ind-
vidual capital Of $40, 100000. The total number
of New-York employees has also been quoted
above but II is also Of interest to note that this
particular house alone employs 2163 persons.
It has also 12S presses in operation The thir-
teen New-York concerns which are members OF
the National Lithographers' Association operate
q total number of 256 presses. Lithography en-
braces many separate trades These include
artists foremen. artists provers, and artists
provers' assistants: trlnsferrers and trans
ferrers' assistants: power press printers power
press feeders, stone grinders and grainers and
ink grinders
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30
ECCLESIASTICAL GOODS.

II is estimated that over S920OcO Is annually
expended in Greater New-York for ecclesiasticN
goods and church ornamentation Twelve years
ago there were only two prominent es'aoilsh-
ments in the city furnishing these goods. Iher'
are now twelve well-known houses DONG lar
and lucrative business. Many of them are
Gated downtown. in the vicinity Of Barclay a..
Murray SITS and Park Place. This large ahhua'
expenditure is made up thus For brass work.
such as candlestcks torches, censers and lamps.
$50 OOO: for statuary and church ornaments.
5000 oOO. for yestments, S2i0OO0; for COM
munion plates. chalices, ostensorlums and cioo-
RUINS. S3O0000 The latter are quite expensive.
Often they are made of gold ana silver ana NOT
infreduenty are enriched with expensive Jewels
The business in church goods has increased OK
late years despite the greater competition Near
" all the vestments are now made entirely OF
fine silk and embroidery work. They vary In
cost according to their elaborateness. Some OF
the establishments have in stock pontiiical pres
entation suits that cost from $1,000 to $4,000
each Archbishop Corrigans pontical suit 10
said to have cost $4,000.
The bulk of the business is done with the
Roman Catholic churches, though there Is an
increasing inclination for a greater display OK
ornamentation in the Episcopal churches. Many
of the latter throughout the country now have
brass pulpits which very costly and wnicn
a few years ago were seldom seen.
The handsome stained glass windows that
adorn most of the churches to-day are source
of great revenue to the manufacturers, some OK
them costing as high as $4,000 each. While
many of them Of domestic make the most
artistic and expensive ones are imported from
Munich, Bavaria. The cost is determined usual
iy by the design and the Biblical subject Illus
trated They represent all that is best OF the
different schools periods applied to modern
productions, and one Of the highest ecclesiasti-
cal authorities is always consulted about the
Scriptural and historical subjects. The many
new churches built in this city recently, owing to
number of congregations selling their old prop
erty and moving uptown are another source OF
increased business in ecclesiastical goods. There
are other religious institutions connected with
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30
MODERN LITUOGRlPHI.

Iithography has been practised in the United
States since 1919. In 1S2j it became one Of the
commercial industries Of New-Iork. and the
metlopos now controls almost the entire litho-
graphing business Of the country. Seventyfve
pcr cent Of all the work done is performed here
this estimate being received from a very COM
uetent authority The capital invested In the
N,w-York trade at the present time exceeds
sl1 100000 The photographic machinery used
in New-York Is admittedly the best in the
world and IL is a notable fact that its perfec-
ton is due to domestic ingenuity. Innumerable
improvements have been effected In the
chanical processes OF lithography by some local
firms The adaptation. moreover. OF photo
graphic processes to the purposes OF lithography
f. one OF the most remarkable departures in
cent wears and the idea il embodies was de-
veloped In this city.
The number of persons engaged In the vari-
ous branches OF the New-York lithographing
trade reaches a total OF more than four thou
sand empoyes The volume OF business done
here In each year is enormous, and Is quoted as
representing many millions in dollars. This
business is divided among more than thirteen
local firms
The art industry known as lthography origi-
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

done. and type was manufactured in New-York.
a foundry having been established by a Hol-
lander named Mappa in 1890 AS yet the Ameri-
can printers had not attained a degree Of per-
fection emitting them to rank with the printers
Of London but they were destined in time to
even surpass the latter. Iron presses first came
into use In 1916 but for newspapers only; the
book printers did not adopt them until ISL No
warehouse for the sale Of printers materials
existed in New-York before 1SlS. The first
stereotyplng was done here in 1913 by an
Englishman named John Watts. who published
the Shorter Catechism. The use OF hand presses
had become very general by 1880. in which year
the Methodist Book Concern and the Harper
firm had thirty in operation.
The presses were at first often driven by
means of a horse or mule. a method adopted by
houses as large as the Harpers and the American
Tract Society. \ comparative idea Of the
growth of tine printing industry may be OBJ
tained by reference the fact that in 1912 there
was not printer or publisher with a capital OF
SO 900 The trade organizations of printers
in New-York date back to 1195. when the jour-
neymen printers association was formed. The
master printers organized into the Typothetae
in 1867. with the object Of regulating the prices
newspaper printed in New-York was The
Minerva in 1888 Of which Noah Webster was
editor During the early days Of printing in
this city bookselling and publishing were merely
annexes Of the typographical industry. and
many years passed before they became-as they
are now-separatc businesses.
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30
THE GREATER NETWORK INDUSTRIAL SUPPLEMENT

mated In the accidental discovery OF Its funda-
mental principle by a Bavarlan named Aiois
Sennefelder In 1896. He was an actor al
theatre In Munich, and had been experimenting
with a view to discovering cheap method OF
printing The basic principle OF the art IS as
follows: An artist draws design upon
photographic stone with a greasy drawing INK
The photographer takes this stone and vets IL
all with water. The greasy lines OF the
drawing. Of course, refuse to absorb the water,
and when the photographer proceeds to spread
a greasy printing ink over the stone only those
parts occupied by the drawing Will receive the
ink the wet parts Of the stone repelling IT, The
impressions of the designs are then taken on
paper from the stone.
The first piece Of Jthographing work published
in New-York appeared in 1925 in ar Illustrated
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

the firm of William Wood e. Co.. founded IN loof
nv Samuel Wood. grandfather Of W. H. s WOOD
80 r~esan. senior partner Of the house Iheh
came the Harper Brothers originally known as
= J. arper. In 1923 the firm became Harper
Brother-. The elder brothers. James and Jonn'
were sons Of a Long Island schoolmaster. ana
were apprenticed to a printer in New YORK
Their younger brothers. Joseph Wesley and
Fletcher entered their employ when the hrm
was founded. and later were made partners
when the firm became Harper Brothers
The Harper Brothers frs; published on their
own account when their presses were not Kept
employed steadily by the requirements OF local
book retailers The strong feature OF the firm
originally was in securing first copies Of I'M
portant English and other European publica-
tions. and by putting an extraordinary number
~ printers and compOsitors at work upon them.
placing an American edition upon the market
long IN advance Of all competitors.
.. appleton & CO. began business eight years
after the Harpcrs Daniel Appleton was the
founder. He hal formerly been a drygoods
merchant. but he did no. publish dry books.
Ivison & Co. founded in 1881. gained distinction
a. once for the publication Of school books. No
sohooboy Of more recent vintage than that
can BE- found who has not recoections FOND or
otherwise. of books that made him cudgel his
wits IN the way of mathematics OF the rudi-
mentary sciences. John Wiley son OF Charles
Wiley did not maintain any connection with The
business founded by his father. but started on
his own account in 1928 the agent Of Thomas
Wardle Of Philadelphia. IN 1882 ne went into
partnership with George Long, and in ls3"
George Palmer Putnam became a member OF the
firm. Mr.. Putnam was originally clerk In q
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

Of the sky the rich mosaic OF autumn foliage o.
the changing glamour of the sea being depicted
with equal and startling fidelity.
The making Of ordinary lantern slides ID ooo
OF the most simple processes in photography.
and so soon as the more complicated process OK
making natural color slides has become familiar
to the great army OF amateur photographers.
with whom lantern-side making IS now favor
ite pastime, they will doubtless turn ther atten-
ton to this more difficult and fascinating branch
Of the art
Another boon the craft. especially to tho
peripatetic stereopticon exhibitor, Is an appar-
atus for generating and burning the newly dis
covered acetyene gas in place or the more cum
bersome oxy-hydrogen light. The annoyance
and expense of getting gas cylinders filled by a
calcium light manufacturer. and transported to
the place of exhibition. have been the thorn In
the flesh to lantern exhibitors; and they VIII
doubtless eagerly welcome this new light-pro-
ducer that requires only simple generator, noS
100 cumbersome to be carried in the hand, ana
a couple of pounds Of cacic carbide costing only
80 cents. TO furnish light for an evenings enter
tainment.
For theatres and other places where elec'r'c
light circuits are available are lanterns ntteo
with electric arc lights that are automatica1'y
regulated and capable of furnishing the most
perfect results yet reached in optical projection-
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

New-York" or "Mr. Potter os Texas and the
distinction that he is accorded by historians as
the pioneer is not begrudged him by any OF the
active and conspicuous firms.
In Dutch New-Tork there seemed to be more
public solicitude about Holland gin than about
books and Cambridge. Mass. Philadelphia and
Virginia all got ahead OF New-York.
Governor Fletcher Of the Province Of New.
York got William Bradford. who very apprc
priately came TO America under the patronage
Of William Penn. of Pennsylvania. to come to
New York in 1893 He thereupon entitled
Printer in ordinary to Their Most Excellent
Majestes King William and Queen Mary lie
did not print BOOKS that would be grateful 10
district messenger boys or that would sell en-
hotel newsstands They bore such titles
Truth Advanced" THE New England Spirit
of Persecution Transmitted to Pennsylvania
and propositions Made by the Five Nations
He printed a lot Of books that the simple
colonial folk were unable TO appreciate. but
which now bring high prices at auction and are
cherished by bbophiles.
John William Zenger was NewYorks second
printer and he became Bradfords apprentice in
171O James Parker, who also an apprentice
of Bradford was New-Yorks third printer and
he set UP in business for himself in 1742. and so
gave the colonies something more 70 think of
and help in the enjoyment OF their long clay
pipes
The dissemination Of the. Wesleyan Methodist
literature began in Philadelphia. Robert Will
iarns used 10 carry heavy literature about with
him in his saddle bags The Rev. John Dickens
was ntert sted. and he came 10 New-York In
1883 and up the Methodist Book Concern the
Oldest New-York publishing house now extant.
The next book publisher to go in business was
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

and italian art have also been successfully
produced through the medium Of black and
white.
There are more than hundred magazines
published in New-York. but this large number
includes many that are devoted to particular
fields Of science, art medicine. etc. The COM
bined circulation Of these magazines can only
be put down as reaching high In the millions
while they give employment TO thousands.
In an address delivered before the Quill Club.
Mr. Frank II. Scott. president Of The Century
Company. made some highly interesting state
ments about New-York magazines. saying
amorg other things:
'If you take up p copy Of Harpers' or The
Century you will find that, exclusive OF the
advertisements it always consists OF l"o pages
and each number contains about thirty separate
articles so that the magazine publishes on the
average from $50 to 400 articles each year NOW.
how do these articles get there Who wrote
them and why were they selected more thah
any other 400 Of the thousands written and sub
mitted during each year? | know there is
popular idea that all magazines are run by
clidues that the articles are all written ny
few Of the editors personal friends that the
manuscripts Of new writer's are returned unread
or thrown into the waste-basket. Without ask
ing you to take the word OF publisher who. not
withstanding the relations which are supposed
10 exist between the business and editorial ends
Of a periodical. might yet be supposed to be an
interested party let see If any light can he
thrown upon this subject by careful analysis
# the facts. The twelve numbers of The Cen
fury Magazine. ending with the issue FOR APRIL
1894. contain 39i separate signed articles ana
I find that these have been written by 32O dlHer-
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

date points and suggestions in the columns 'r
Suburbs; the world famous music puolisnhS
house OF Novello. Ever & Co. issues the Musi-
cal Times as reliable and weil-intormeo
chronicle Of the doings of the profession' IN
cluding composers. artists and publishers. IL
may be added that, in typographical appearance
and general makeup. the trade publications Oh
the time in no wise fall short OF the modern
standard Of excellence. The total NUMBER IL
pages contained in a single issue OF the average
trade paper ranges from 96 to IA.
New-York tribune., 1897-01-30

ent authors. so that onlv a few authors could
have appeared more than once. except In the
case of serials. Certainly, this does not look ike
the work Of small clique especially as ninety
four OF them were new contributors who had
never written for the magazine before. and were
presumably unknown TO the editor Neither
was there any exclusveness as to sex. as ninety
eight of them were women; nor as to section or
locality these contributions came not only
from New-York and Massachusetts. but from
every one Of the States Of the Union. North and
South. from Canada. and also from England.
France. Spain. Italy and Australia.
1T is not necessary for me to go into detail as
to how the 5000 manuscripts received at the
office during the year were sifted down to the
400 which were finally published All manu-
scripts are examined.
Every number OF modern magazine costs
more than $4,000 for contributions and pictures
before it goes to press and If we add to this the
salaries Of editors and managers, the rent and
expense Of maintenance OF great establishment,
YOU will see that only immense editions can
make 1t possible TO supply the present magazine.
containing, as it does. as much matter and as
well printed as the average 81 or s. book. FOR
81 cents"
Among the oldest magazines in the United
States may be mentioned The North American
Review" begun in 1915. and "Godeys." in 1890.
Included in list of the principal publications
OF this kind whose crculations vary from 10000
to 100000 are the following: "Harper's," Cen
tury." "Delneator." "Munsey's" "Scribner's' -
Forum" Popular Science" "Argosy." "St.
Nicholas" "!1arpc7's Young People" "Demor-
est" "Godey's," Peterson" "Bookman.' Art
Amateur" Art interchange Frank Leslies
Popular Monthly" Eclectic" Review of Re-
views"