The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1897-02-26

very rapid for the previous decades, as
shown by the following
No. of Ratio of
Inhabitants. Increase
| In 1860. .116,9 56 1873 per cent
In 49, 26 52.9 per cent
In -24s 5oS 37.S per cent
In 1890. common. 1858, 04S 4S.2 per cent
The State census AXE in 1895 indicates
hat from 1890 to 1896 e years. the ratio
of increase was 22.6 per cent, exceeding
that of the decade preceding 1890. The
increase of population has not been uni
for Paterson, Passaic and a number of
the smaller communities a greater one
han for Newark
Under the circumstances, for the
| purpose of determining the proportion to
be given to the structures which will be
recommended for the treatment OF the
sewage, it has been assumed that the
rate of increase for the following de-
cades would be as follows:-
From 1890 to 1910 for Newark per
decade, 40 per cent. for Paterson. per
decade, 60 per cent. for other commune
ties per decade, 60 per cent.
From 1910 to 1920. for Newark per de-
cade, 80 per cent; for Paterson per de-
cade, so per cent; for other communities
per decade, so per cent.
From 1870 to 1880. for Newark per de-
cade, 80 per cent; for Paterson per de-
cade. 40 per cent; for other communities
per decade, SO per cent.
For the smaller communities of recent
creation, the probable growth has been
estimated.
The foregoing shows that the limit of
the period for which the proposed works
should be constructed has been fixed, for
the purpose of this report and in accord
it being thought advisable not to in
crease beyond reasonable bounds the
present expenditure to be incurred, but
to leave for the future the consideration
~ CT1aI q
be indicated by the experience of a third
of a century.
According to the assumed rate of in
crease indicated above, the population
of the whole lower district in 1880 would
be one million, four hundred and fifty
eight thousand q, ass, 000).
The district considered is so large that,
IN order to keep the proposed system
proper only must be collected therein. A
number of the smaller sewerage plants
OF later date are built on that basis, n
all future sewers should be designed on
the existing sewers, however Including
those OF Paterson. of the greater part of
Newark and of Kearny, Harrison. etc.).
mas Deen constructed on the combined
plan the flow from these sewers should
be so regulated as to admit the sewage
alone into the collecting channels. while
the rain water would continue to flow to
the river; this practice is justified by
oildOuSu 4 introduces at
times into the stream a certain amount
OF pollution which would render neces-
sary a further publication of the water,
II the river were to be used as a source
of water supply.
The volume of flow to be expected in
the proposed sewers will obviously de-
pend mainly OF the amount of water con-
sumed by the inhabitants. 1t is, in some
cases, very large In the district. In New
arr, with a present population of about
25O,OU inhabitants, the consumption as
has already been stated. is normally Of
z.Soo, goo gallons! it has at times attained
proportion of about 100 gallons per head.
IN Paterson, as stated before. the water
is variously reported as
peing from fifteen to twenty millions gall
Ions from the Passaic Water Company,
and 1t Is very much increased bv the
from the private supply
from driven wells and other sources az .
number of factories which are re-
poateu as emptying directly into the river
a uaily volume of sewage of 5000 600
gallons, while $500, 600 gallons are repnrf-
eu IRON similar sources in Passaic, and
more IRON Newark and intermediate
a very high rate of water
ana 1t must be remembered that the ten,
dency of cities is to increase their per
capita consumption as their population
evidently a large proportion of waste b,,t
unless 1t Is checked the sewers must he
SO proportional as to meet these condi-
tons. so
Including an ample . of water and
making the necessary allowances for the
ln~nltrat1on of ground water into the sew
ers, the occasional increase due to tba
unavoidable inflow of a small portion Of
the beginning of each storm. and the
well known Irregularities which. take
place In the amount of water consump-
non according to the seasons, to the
fQAVS or fha Wlok md fo fhN @,., e l
day, the volume of one hundred and If
~ Q5O gallons per head of population
has been adopted to measure the capac-
lJy or the proposed structures in the
plans herein mentioned. This would give
seventy-five million (75, 900. 00O) gallons in
1900 and 218, 700, 600 gallons in 1880.
1t VIII be noticed that a peculiar fea-
ture of the problem at hand consists in
the fact that the two largest single com
munities interested, Paterson and New
ark, are placed at the extreme upper
part and at the extreme lowest point Of
the district, respectively.
This fact obviously suggested tha nos
slbility of providing for Paterson as we'll
as for some of the smaller municipal it,es
peioW,. some special and local means Of
disposing of the sewage in each case or
group of cases.
This disposition would present the I'M
portanI of reducing the con-
cehtratlon OF sewage IN the lower part
the river the water which otherwise
would be drawn from its upper reaches.
In the case of Paterson, a large tract.
in the vicinity of Little Ferry. was in
vestigated for the purpose Of finding
whether 1t could be utilized for the dis
posal OF sewage by irrigation; the cost
OF the land, per acre; would probably Be
moderate; its surface, however, was NOT
generally found sufficiently high above
water mark, and moreover, numerous
behring's showed that the soil is firm and
compact and not adapted to the filtration
OF sewage The treatment of sewage on
this land, If practicable at all, would re-
quire very large areas and a complete
system OF understanding. A collecting
sewer such as Is shown on the accom-
panying map wou be needed to receive
the sewage from all the sewers Of Pat
erson, the conduit required to carry the
sewage to the irrigation field would be
from four to five miles In length, and
pumping would be required. Other tracts
of land were for the same pur-
pose, but after making a number of bor-
ings, none was found of sufficient extent
or to present soil quality as would favor