The evening times., 1897-08-07

and the two horizontal ruGders at the stern
of the vessel. As soon as the drag and the
rudders lie dead aft, and the course APP
pears straight ahead. the dra z and the rud-
ters are Connected 10y q clutch. when the
steering gear is in position one more ton OF
water Is admitted TO tie tanks, and the
buoyancy of the vessel is almost overcome
The craft retains a reserve buoyancy OF
375 pounds out Of a total weight OF l 50
tons.
IL is designed that she cannot sink from
her own weight She uiust be driven be-
low the surface Of the water. This is ac-
oomplished by the aid Of the tvS horizontal
rudders AT the stern. Each has q surface
area OF about four feet. The forward
ends OF these Tudders are inclined up
ward, and their after ends are depr essed
downward; the three propellers are to
drive the vessel ahead: thep pressure OF water
against the tilted rudders will raise the
stern and depress the bow, thus forcing
the boat to dive. The boat is ID dive out or
sight ia less than a minute time. The boat
carries storage batteries weighing thirty
two tons These are connected with a
seventy horse power dynamo. Tie motor
is geared by oogwheels to all the three
propeller shafts. The speed submerged
is to be six or eight knots an hour. The
boat is built to stand the pressure of the
water at a depth Of seventy-five feet. but
her depth when in action viii be about
twenty feet
Should an enemy fill the channels of an
American port with torpedoes to prevent
the incoming OF outgoing of vessels, this
boat VIII be expected TO lind the obst rue
tions and blow them up. She is also ex-
pected to carry messages through any
hostile fleet that ma besiege city or live
in tire fire-swept zone between fleets OF
ships In action. She may lie I'm channels
waiting for a foe to pass over her, when
she is to let 70 one Of her cartridges Of
destruction
The Monitor revolutionized sea fighting,
and United States Naval Constructor Hich-
horn has said that the Holland boat may
do the same.
John p Holland. the inven tor OF the boat
at Present a resident of Baltimore. is a
native OF Ireland, born in Cork about fif-
five years ago. he was educated at the
schools OF the Christian Brot hers in his
native city and began the study OF engi-
neering when about seventeen years old,
continuing until twenty. In the fall of
1867 Mr.. Holland arrived in New York.
and again took up the study of en- ginee r,ng,
securing employment in a large mechanical
concern In the city. The young Irishman
then turned his attention TO Invention and
secured many patents for various art icles
Of machinery. His aversion to the EngIise
government induced him to invent "a SUBJ
marine craft, which he hoped might ne
used with success by the Irish revolution.
lists In destroying he British fleet.
In 1875 he succeeded in building the
"Fenian.' Her appearance i'm the harhor
of New York caused sensation, and naval
men watched incredulously every experi-
ment made with the craft
The few short voyages which the fn.
ventor made in this boat esta bhshed in
Ills mind the firm conviction that even
though the "Fenian'' had her shortcom-
fngs, the work which she had accom-
plished demonstrated the possibility of
building submarine boat which might
be truly called terror OF the Deep Edi-
sons marvellous discoveries in the field
of electricity, gave Inventor Holland a
power to count upon which was not known
at the time be built the 'Fenian.'' The
result was that he went TO work on his
new plan OF boat with new hope o. sue
cess.