Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-03-18

In honor of the Queens sixty yeasw
reign many patriotic Englishmen are
already preparing celebrations and fes-
tivfties designed to show the increase
of England's influence and her pro-
gress In commerce and the mechanical
arts since 1887.
A point brought out In recent re-
port by Commissioner Carroll ID.
Wright, OF the Department Of Labor,
bearing on the sex and age Of employees
In the industries Of the country, Is that
the proportion of children to the whole
number of people employed is largely
decreasing. Children" In these sta
tistical reports are those under four
teen years of age, and the decrease In
the number at work Is supposed to be
due to the more stringent legislation
In many of the states regarding child
labor and school attendance. A COM
parison with the latest census report
shows an increase of So per cent. In
the number Of male employees Of eigh-
teen years and over, and a decrease Of
SO.5 In the number under eighteen
years, while female employees under
eighteen have increased SO per cent.
Out of 780 cases examined where men
and women work together at the same
occupation and with equal degrees Of
efficiency, men receive greater pay in
sos cases. or rs per cent, and women
receive greater pay in 1923, or 16h per
cent, while in only So cases, or 1871
per cent, did the two sexes receive the
same pay for the same work. The men
receive so per cent. more pay than the
women in the sos cases in which they
get greater pay. but the women receive
but little over 10 per cent. more pay
In the 129 cases in which they get high
er wages.
1t will not be many years, remarks
the Atlantic Constitution, before the
commerce of the globe Is exclusively
carried on by steam. Each year boil
ers are substituted for sails and i'm
proved methods of navigation take the
place OF the old ones. For example,
In 1896, the worlds said boat tonnage
was reduced 1854 900 tons below the
year preceding, while its steamboat
tonnage was increased 100000 tons.
OF the total increase in ship building
for the year only 299 ,421 tons of steam,
10S,710 tons Of sailing craft, were built
outside of England. In this connection
1t is gratifying to note that much of the
years activity in the line of ship-build-
ing was confined to the United States.
On the great lakes especially the num-
Der of steamboats, is rapidly increasing.
Only few years back these inland seas
were covered with sailing boats and
such thing as a steamer blowing their
depths was q rare and novel spectacle.
At the present time, however, sail
boats on the great lakes have become
as odd as steamers were a few years
ago. In the disappearance of the sailor
there Is something intensely pathetic.
So much of romance and adventure in
times past have clustered about this
knight-errant of the deep that progress
seems inconsiderate, IL not cruel, in re-
firing him from the wide theatre of his
activities. Except in the literature of
a by-gone age the sailor boy will soon
be without habitation.
Acting on the advice of several high
officials who have known the delights
of hunting big game in Africa, and who,
with reason, apprehended the speedy
determination of the larger animals IL
the reckless slaughter of recent wears
should not be forbidden, the English
government has determined to set
apart the coast region of Somaliland
as sort Of elephant sanctuary" Here
after sportsmen will not be allowed
to intrude; its denizens will get
to live in peace and safety, and that
any infraction of the regulation will be
severely punished. The reserve ex-
to the Abyssinian frontier on the west,
with, roughly speaking, the edge of
the Haud for its northern boundary,
and 1t has an area, approximately, Of
200 miles by so. The herds of elephants
which remain in this reserve are at
present. however, confined to the much
smaller area, about forty miles square,
of the Gadabursi Mountains. The weak
point of the arrangement is, 1t Is said,
that there are no means of enforcing
the ordinance as against the natives.
Active steps in the same direction have
been taken by the German authorities
in German East Africa. An edict signed
by Gov. Wissman establishes two i'm
portant sanctuaries, and others are in
contemplation. In addition to this, IL
censes are required for hunters of ele-
plants, higher scale being exacted
from Europeans than from natives.
This latter regulation has been for
some time in force, and the native hunt
ers willingly pay for these licenses. be-
ing we'll aware that the preservation
of the animals is as important to them
as to the whites.
When they cry wolf in the Govern
ment Of Saratoff, Russia, 1t means
something. During the last two years
the wolves there have devoured, ac-
cording to the official returns, 1000
horses, 10000 horned cattle, $4,000
sheep, 5000 swine, 1000 dogs and 49,
900 fowl. They have also during the
same period attacked 68 persons
devouring two on the spot, and inflict-
ing fatal wounds on twelve others. In
France it is estimated that 100000 of
these animals exist, and the damage
inflicted by them is set down at about
SO, 900 900 francs annually. A regular
body of men, numbering over 1000,