davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
~
COMPLETE Potato soRTER.

lower end of the sorter is suspended
over the bin for large potatoes. The
other end extends two or three feet out
side the small potato bin. This gives
the dirt a chance to settle through be-
fore reaching either bin.
Fig. , shows the inside Stat frame
which is made of hard pine Stats 1914
feet long, two inches wide and three
1ourths Of an inch thick. They are set
on edge and boltsd with quarter-inch
bolts to slotted sticks near each end.
This arrangement admits of adjust
ment. | have the upper end of the Stats
three-fourths of an inch apart and the
lower end 14 inches. This prevents
wedging Of potatoes between the stats.
The upper ends being close together
allow the dirt to drop through in adj
vance of the small potatoes. This end
also has a hopper four inches high and
reaching 2h feet from the end. This
whole frame is suspended to the outside
frame by iron hangers. These are made
of three-eighths-inch rod iron and are
six inches long. Notches are cut to re-
ceiye these on the upper edge of the out
side frame and the lower edge of the
outside slat OF the inner frame. A piece
of tin may be tackled over to prevent
their getting out.
To operate. pour into the hopper a
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
JUDGES AND CLERKS
ELECTION
FOR 1897.

Published in compliance with =,
10th Section of Chapter POP of tho . 'u'
of the General Assembly of Marvlanss
1896. Said section provides as follou,
1t shall be the duty of the said ho.,
to examine promptly into anv oaN
plants against the fitness or onol vSll'
tons of any person so appointed InS Ts'
or Clerk and to remove any jude s y
Clerk whom-upon inquiry thew 81 Eth u
find to be unfit or incapable '"a'l
The first named in each Precino....
represent the Republican party and = $40 70
second the Democratic party. 'ue
District No. l, Buckeystown-A VIZ -.
demus, Buckeystown; Manassas J. G S,Cc
Lime Kiln. - ufoVe,
District No. q Frederick, Precinct l,,,.-,
Ed. Derr. Feagaville; Henry 6. Dun. SSS or,Ss
street. 'OulA
District No 2, Frederick, Precinct -
Mehrling. East Patrick street; David Sw wW W.
heimer, East Church street. ''u Vert
District No. 2. Fl ederick, Precinct as ~
BMFo N, west Second street; John H Grove tfrsi
District No. 2, Frederick, Precinct A..
ander Brengle, North Market street.. iThA a,Ve.x'
pher + Smith, East Fourth street. 01is'o
District No. 8, Middletown-C Charles wo.
M'ddletown; Thaddeus L. Hauver MisSSii,
town. ''' Nilddls
District No. 4, Creagerstown-Wm Il s,o.-
Creagerstowni Geo. F. Stottlemyer, CreaSsSIR
District No. s, Emmitsburg- Henry F Mo,,o
hmmltsourg; Alexlous V. Keepers, Motter''.s
District No 9, Catoctin-N. r. Riickon,t.s
Wa
Vile. "ollS
District No. Z, Urbana Horace II po,o..
Urbana; James L. Warfield, HyattstowTn' 'fN
District No s, Liberty-George II. Wbitroo..
Llberty-Town Clifton Nj. Mills, LibeHvs
District No 9, New Market-Jos. G. P,ru.
Evansville; Lemuel H. Poole, IjamsyilIe sSs
District No 10, Hauvers-Maurice E. Shelf,
Sabillasville; VIM. l.. Buhrman, Foxyille'
District No. IL, Northumberland F. Al
baugh. Woodsboro'; John NJ. Holbruner
WoOdsDoro. '''ief'
District No II, Petersville, Precinct l-Wro
Flock, Petersville; Daniel o. Staley, Peters M
vile. ''ei''
District No. II, Pete-sville, Precinct 2-Tobr
W. Porter. Brunswick Herbert +. Cooner
Brunswick. Ps''
District No. ID, Mount Pleasant-Wnliam "
TODD, Walkersville; Lewis E. Barrick'
WalkerSville.
District No IA, Jefferson-Thomas C. KeIe,
Jefferson; Joseph NJ. Champion, jefferson S1,'''
District No. Is, Observation-Disclosures w
Robinson, Catoctin: William P. KunkeI, O..
toctin. Va
District No. l6, Jackson-Samuel H. Pettin.
gall, Myersville; Joseph E. Castle HARMONY
District No. II, Johnsvile-Lott Hartsoct
Johi sville; Reuben Devilbiss, McKinstrys
Mills.
District No. Is, Woodvile-James A. DayboF
Woodville; David r. Roop, Linganore.
District No. 10, Linganore-Francis W. Halues.
Unionville; John Whitenill, Unionville,
| District No. 20, Lewistown- Jacob E. Palmer
Hansonville; Howard p. Ramsburg Han.
| sonville.
District No. q, Tuscarora-Wm P. MorseD.
Frederick; Edward ]. Zimmerman, Jr., Vel.
low Springs.
District No. %, Observation-Disclosures NJ. HORNE,
Burklttsville; Henry NJ. Wiener, Burkitts'
vile.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
CLERKS.

District No. l. Buckeystown - Charles W.
Wright, Point of Rocks; William o. Keller
Buckeystown.
District No. 2, Frederick, Precinct 1-Clarence
NJ. Phleeger, Bradd0ck; Samuel Z. DutroW
South Market Street.
District No. 2, Frederick, Precinct david
NJ. Scholl, East Patrick Street; john NJ Df
fendal, East second street.
District No. 2. Frederick, Precinct 3-Harry E
Chapline. West Third Street; Clinton b. VIII
lard, West Patrick Street.
District No 2, Frederick, Precinct 4-Joseph
l.. Routzahn, North Market street; VIM, r.
Schmidt. East Third Street.
District No 8, Middletown Eugene A. Alex
ander. Middletown; Albertus W. Nirkrk
Mid le.own.
Dis ct No. 4, Creagerstown-MlchaelL Il. K1b
O9eager town; Robert L. l.. BarricA, Rocky
Ridge.
District No. s, Emmitsburg-Luther NJ. Elm.
norman. Emmitsburg; William H. Iroxe
Emmitsburg.
/ District No. 9, Catostln-Albert T. Hays
Wolfsville; John 4. Palmer, wolfsville.
District No. Z, Urbana-James II. Cutsail, Park
Mills; Monoma L. Dixon. ThurstOn.
District NO. s, Liberty-Henry W. Lewis,
Liberty-Town; Maurice f. Starr, Liberty.
Town.
District No. 9, New Market-George L. Kauf
man, Pearl; Ferdinand D. Browning, Kemp
town.
District No. 10, Hauvers-Sida H. thurman,
Foxville; Calvin Fox. Foxville.
District No. IL, Woodsboro'- Ezra NJ Shank,
Woodsboro'; VIM. III. II. Kemp Walkers
vile.
District No. IL, Petersvllle, Precinct david
Roelkey, Knoxville; William Cuttings
Knoxville.
District No. II, Petersville, Precinct 2-Benis-
min II. Duvall, Brunswick; Evan L. Whiting,
Brunswick.
District No. ID, Mount Pleasant-Edward D.
Buckley, Mt Pleasant; Henry Nelson, New
London.
District No. IA. Jefferson-Calvin E. Fry, JEFF.
ferson; Luther shaft, Jefferson.
District No Is, Mechanicstown-M L.
houzer, Thurmont; John N. Powell, Catoc'
tin.
District No. 16, Jackson-Mel A. g. Blser,
Walk.
District No. II, Johnsville-Wm. Z. Saylor,
townsville; Taylor A. Spurrier, louisville
District No Is, Woodville-George Z. Hood
Woodville; Robert 1. Fish. Mt Airy.
District No. 10, LInganore-Willard A. Nico.
demns Oak Orchard; Samuel A. EnsoH
Sans Creek.
Utica Mills; Elmer K. Ramsburg, Uuca
Mills.
District No Fl, Tuscarora-Charles a. Feags
Yellow Springs; Clarence G. Holtz, Charles
vile.
District No. o, Standardization R.
Rice, Broad Run; d. Edward Hightmal
BurkittsvIlle.
SAMUEL v. DOLL,
DANIEL II. M0WEN,
JOHN II. KESSLER,
Supervisors of Elections for Frederick CounV
sept. l0.-4t
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
Satisfaction from RnIh.-

horticultural writer's make it bust
ness to say that there is nothing else
equal to bulbs for giving winter bloom.
Yet, the fact remains that hundreds are
disappointed just along this line. This
Is partly due to poor bulbs, partly to
inability to follow directions, and
largely to time of potting and choice
of sorts. Late potting deliberately i'm
vites failure and dissatisfaction. A
haphazard collection of sorts is likely
to be more than half failure, and the
more varied the collection the greater
the failure. Only a few of the smaller
bulbs and the novelties should be tried
each season. The Old reiab,es are not
so interesting. perhaps. but in them lies
the most of beauty and of satisfaction.
Lilies, the better hyacinths the mar
cissi. the albums. and the freesias are
best choice for the average grower
American Gardening.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
A ROAD THAT is NEVER TOO LONG.

/ A ROAD THAT IS NEVER TOO LONG.
1t might be possible toSompute the ag-
gregate loss to the country in time and
property through the bad condition
of the roads of the country. 1t would
/ not be easy to estimate the loss of COM
fort and pleasure, or to appraise the
consequences of loss of temper and of
health.
The townsman is interested in every
thing that concerns the dweller in the
country. If the country suffers, the
city shares the trouble. When it is
hard for the farmer to get to market
himself, or to send his produce there,
the effect is seen in the counting-room
of the merchant and on the table of the
artisan. Moreover, we are all country
men. The citizens are always abroad
in the land. Every summer sends
thousands of the town people into the
country. Every day sees the city and
village bicyclist, or excursionist by car
rage, In the most remote places he can
find roadbed good enough for him.
1t is easier to begin a movement or
organize a society in the city than in
the country, but the good roads organ
izations which may begin in town may
be expected to spread everywhere. The
people who use the roads most, and who
have the most to gain by their improve
ment. may be expected to welcome
every movement which will do them
good. Thoughtful people must, on re-
Fiction, conclude that something is
wrong, since in all the advances made
in the transportation methods there has
been little or no reform in road trans
portation, which is at the beginning of
all movement of commodities and of
persons. Railway travel to-day is
greatly improved over what it was a
quarter OF century ago. Steamship
transportation has been made more
luxurious and cheaper Yet the aver
age country road Of to-day is no better,
and in many places worse, than it was
in the days of our fathers. We have
faster horses; we have vastly more ele-
CANT and comfortable carriages; but
we are content to work our horses and
rack our vehicles over the same sort of
highway that served for the old two
wheeled cart.
Moreover, there is reason to believe
that the amount of time and money
spent in keeping up the roads would, II
properly expended. produce better re-
suits than are now obtained. Railways
are built by engineers and experts. ac-
cording to MISUNDERSTOOD systems
Every improvement that can be devised
is applied to all the railways as soon as
1t satisfies the test of experience The
builders of steamships do not adhere to
the old methods a day longer than they
are known to be the best. But in max
ing of the highway there is as yet in this
country very little attempt to apply the
latest and best methods, or to utilize
the skill of experts.
Road reform is one of the needs of the
day. The mission has nothing sensa-
tional or thrilling about it, but it con-
tains the promise of large saving in
horses and money, and in the tissues of
men and women. 1t promises cheaper
transportation. increased travel by
road, more life and stir in the country
places and a new attraction to rural
life.-St. John IN b. Sun.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
E=alN EoLuTION.
i1-s-=E-frS Experiments Conducted
AZ P-1E Mzrxh. OF Yale.


az FraL Mzrsh. OF Yale.
Pr'.1- %. C. 11ars5. q Yale university,
LA -. -l1F FzzrS been studying
L-E1- sr--L-51-- za6 tss learned that
ANNALS Z H. present day have larger
rs Ia -t.lr -.sl- predecessors. that the
sla q brains 4 animals in the same
..-.-9,s Increased progressively from
~ .s.eit-.= 1.r9-z1 the miocene and
---'z=-s 5ss-s.,-E When a species OF
--a-E.l- lls9 Oh u vas found that it
I'D : rs-s15rs4g small brain. He also
t1-11 -.t1 f1s same theory held good
: regard - birds Finally he applied
10 - --a-- WHO has conquered all else
q "a +ar-h Tie Development of the
-,z-- --sE gg-e On with the centuries,
z-- 90 rae st-er another has domi-
-zi@1-al7Tzys b. lis larger brain. In
----l'--r-- --z-- The cerebrum overshad-
1Wa al o15er parts Of the brain com
15-a-- Down 70 the present time the
s-sess brain race has unmatched the
smaller although the latter usually
- greater brute force. Prof. Marsh
-es weighed the brains of modern peo-
Pies and discovered that the average
brain Of the japanese is greater thar
thai q any other people. Fifteen years
ago be was satisfied that they were to
squire as a great power among nations.
perhaps an Overwhelming force. His
conclusions stand almost in the light of
prophecy. They have the brain. 1t is
matter of speculation how it will be
used.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01

vidually have a large concern in the
state of the roads. but collectively do
not suffer privations at all comparable
10 that which the farmers endure By
reasonof bad roads. The produce which
the farmer sends to market is hauled to
town or taken to the railroad station
over the country highway. The goods
he purchases for his own use must be
conveyed part of The distance to his
home over this route He drives his
family to church, or to town. or visits
the neighbors over such roads as are
provided in his district If the road is
bad one he can only take half load
when he is carting produce, and can
only travel at a slow pace when he
drives. His toll is increased when he
works; his pleasure diminished when
he takes his pleasure: his horses suffer;
his wagons and carriages have shorter
lifetime than if his district were pro-
vided with firm and smooth highway.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
Chestnut Tree, ProfltabIe.

Those who have a chestnut grove and
keep il free from depredators may find
1t a source of profit. We know one or
two such groves which are onlynatural
fruit but which yield returns with no
labor except for gathering the nuts
better than could be got for usual farm
crops. But to secure profitable returns
the pubic must be excluded. Men and
boys who club the trees while the nuts
are green to bring them down will dis
figure and injure the trees, so that after
q few years the trees will yield little
or nothing. Chestnut trees, if the fruit
Is of good quality. are valuable proper
ty. and their fruit should be protected.
There are several improved varieties of
chestnut, some of which will begin
bearing when three years old. These
should be chosen if new plantations of
chestnuts are to be made, or scions Of
the new varieties should be grated into
native stock.-aAmerican Cultivator.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
The Culture of Ferna

1t is better to begin with the young
plants. Be careful not to over-pot
them; wash the inside of the pots clean.
and give especially good drainage; use
open, rich, fibrous soil. light rather
than heavy, and instead of filling the
pot with soil TO the brim leave plenty
of room to hold water. Ferns should
never get quite dry at the root, yet it
will not do to keep them soaking wet.
Many of them, especially the maiden
hair and gold and silver ferns, dislike
being splashed overhead, and hot sum
shine must never fall directly upon
these delicate kinds. Ferns are sure to
be killed by little dribblings of water
given every day. The same rule that
applies to watering other plants is
good with ferns: When the top of the
soil looks dry fill the pot with water
TO the brim, so that the ball of soil
may have thorough soahng.-Vick's
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
DWARF PEAR HEDGE.

complete the outside row. AS this will
interfere very little with the planting
of fruit trees over the whole interior
surface OF the two acres, it viii be seen
that on a given amount of ground one
can raise much more fruit by using
this outside hedgerow method 1t is
possible 10 crowd the little trees in a
hedgerow, because they will be on the
outside, and can thus have plenty of air
and sunshine, though very close in the
row; and though the row of dwarf pear
trees may be quite close to the inside,
larger fruit trees, the latter are not
crowded by the former, since they stand
up above them. This sort of work is
not advisable on large commercial or
chards, but ON the home acre in the vii
lage lot, one wishes to make the most
of every foot of ground.
Planting so many of these little pear
trees, selected winter sorts, and chose
that king among pears, the Anjou, and
the scarcely less inferior Lawrence.
Both these pears do finely on the ounce
stock, and both are winter varieties.
With such fruit one can store in a cool
cellar and unload upon the market
when the market is mostin need of WIN
ter pears. With fall fruit one is very
nearly at the mercy of the market, for
he cannot hold the fruit for any length
Of time.
My own trees are set about four feet
apart. In future paintings | shall in
crease the distance somewhat. In set
ting the trees be careful to get the point
where the pear stock and ounce root
join several inches below the surface,
and for the first winter, at least, give
the roots a mulch for protection
American Gardening.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01

The new coupler ter uniting severe
iutestines. aad which bids fair to supe,
sade the famous Murphy's button, j.
he invention Of a Chicago man. Ii CO.
sists cf two decaSiiied bone collars
with six needle holes at the apex o.
9acn and piece of gum tubing sever.
oigAths of an inch long and four-s y
itenths of an inch in diameter. The CO..
AIRS are carved from round bones take
frcn tie lower hind ,e.-s OF fcu--ggar
r oxen. Four DAYS after co~cqct'c
LIS been made the two ends Of irtes'irt
hare thoroughly grown together. II
collar has dissolved,and with the iubia =.
has passed awav.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
suIphur Destroys Scan Germs.

The New Jersey experiment station
has been unable to find any variety of
potato which is exempt from scab. It
is found that rolling the seed in pow
dered sulphur will destroy the germs of
the scab. This treatment should be
given just after the potatoes have been
cut. OF course, if the germs fscab are
in the soil the treatment of the seed
alone will not prevent the development
Of scab on the potatoes raised. Tho use
of about 300 pounds of sulphur per acre
on land infested with scab promises to
largely reduce the damage caused by II.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
THE PHONETOSCOPE.
with Ii the Beating of the Heart Can
BE Heard Distinctly.

The phonetoscope is the latest inn
provement in the instruments used by
physicians and surgeons. Its use en-
ables one to hear the respiratory ap-
paratus. OF the organs of digestion. Of
the ear in health and disease, OF mus
e.es, joints. bones. fractures. disloca-
tons, etc, and even the capillary cir
culation. The slightest vibrations, ex-
Guiding other slight noises in the room.
ATE heard during examination. 1t makes
il possible for the physician 70 examine
dressed persons with scientific aceu-
racy. Offers q certain method OF de-
tocting people who feign deafness. and
enables the physician 70 appreciate the
normal and pathological sounds emit
ted by the organs Of the body. The
phonetoscore : perfected on the prin-
ciples used IN TIE telephone.
A physician says; The principles
OF the telephone a7s carried out abso-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
DWARF PEAR-HEDGE.
1t IL . Source of Profit as Well as q
Thing of Beauty.

II Ii q Source of Profit as Well as a
Thing of Beauty.
There are numerous shrubs that are
suitable for making hedges about ones
lawn, whether one prefers evergreeus
or deciduous shrubs, but the number IS
limited that can be used in hedgerowz
that are of both use and beauty The
barberry is one of the latter, these
bushes making very graceful bu, 1oi
densely leaved, growth; but the 1zc-
berry's fruit is not desired in .zrzs
quantities, nor is it a desirable p-s-;
to have near wheat fields, as it har5.-z
one stage of the rust" fungus OF =.
wheat.
On my place am planting hedge-owz
OF dwarf pear trees, using winter van
cites of the fruit almost exclusiTe!v.
Such a hedgerow is, of course, hardly
suitable for the front of ones lawn. but
for side rows, and for use in the rear q
ones house, the dwarf pear is quite "
Objectionable. AS for beauty-weu,
anyone who has seen long row q
these little trees in full blossom will moi
soon forget the sight. They are very
attractive little trees, also, when il
full leaf, without the bloom. as they
should be kept well trimmed back 70
secure good fruiting, as well as a good
hedge. 1t is surprising, too, what a
amount of fruit one can thus raise upoo
even small place. In my own case, !
1 !
acre lot. and am now using also soma
cross hedges in the rear of the builc-
ings. 1t will take at least 300 trees 70
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01

INSIDE STAT FRAME FOR soRTER.
box or basketful Of potatoes, then give
o vigorous shake or two by taking hold
of the upper end of the hopper. This
will send the potatoes rolling down the
Incline, where they will be separated.
Two men can unload and sort 1000
bushels day as they come from the
field. The material for making the
sorter will not cost over S1.5O at the out
eside. If it is desirable to sort the seed
from amoRs the small potatoes, the
slats may be set closer, and cloth may
be tackled around the side to prevent
their dropping through the larger
spaces at the sides thus made, or addi-
tional Stats may be used.-American
A0riculturist
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
REFORMS APE NEEDED.
AntiQuated Road Building Methods
Should Be Discarded.

The organization of good roads as
pociation in any city is movement to-
ward reformation. The people who
live beyond the city limits have more
Interest in this matter than the town
people, but nearly all do more or less
driving or wheeling, while every family
b interested in the cheap Transports
tion of farm produce.
The farmers have more to gain by the
Improvement of highways than any
other large class of people. Preachers,
doctors, mail drivers and travelling
agents are all small classes who indi-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
1nrtifmltnrR.
FOR SORTING POTATOES.
An Easily Constructed Device That IL
Sure to Give Satisfaction.

SURF W NhNS 1"ttsAactioh.
/ made and used last season a potato
sorter. Fig. l, which gave first-cless
satisfaction. 1t is cheap and service
able and is used when hauling potatoes
from the field to the cellar or bins in
barns and sheds. One end must rest
upon something solid, like the side of
q bin, while the other may be suspended
by rope, so the whole will be on an in
cline. My method of operation was to
have two bins, one for the sorted stock
and one for the small potatoes. The
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
Enterprise an Indiana.

The citizens of Orleans, Ind, have
just voted $4,000 for the construction
Of 30 miles of gravel roads.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
Progress In PENNSYLVANIA.

Pennsylvania has commenced the
construction of its first roads built I'M
der the new Finn law.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
DROP0SAhS PROPOSALS
L ROPOSALS ROP0SATS
FOR
MONTEv UE AND THE JAIL.
MONTEVUE AND THE JAII.

The Commissioners of Charities and Correc-
tons for Frederick County, Nd, will receive
Sealed Proposals for furnishing supplies, as per
acquisitions, for three months from october Isl
lSsl to January lst 1898. The said proposals will
be received on or before Thursday, Sept. 23rd
1897, at 10 o'clock, a. m. A list Of the supplies
necessary will be furnished upon application
to A. l.. BoTELER, treasurer.
sept l0St. President.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
A Verso with a Moral.

Broad tires better highways bring;
The narrow do the other thing.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-10-01
The Grand Young Stations
GASPARD
KING GALLOP.
SEA KING"

and out OF iiagnifcently bred mares. Com
bining the most fashionable blood OF the dav
Farmers have a rare chance to get fine road
sters rom good bred brood mares. Prices ali
down. (Sl5) fifteen dollars for the season An
MICHAEL KNILL,
Manager on Col. Baughman's farm.
"cn near Frederick.