The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1897-07-26
charged, among other things, with the


pounds each, the amount may be APP
proximately known. These bladders,
called "rosques," are still used by the
Indians in transporting the metal.
The traces of their work and their
remaining demonstrate that gold was
gathered by the Incas almost exclusively
from the deposits of the mountain
streams or from shallow excavations
made in the rugged activities of the
Cordilleras. Not understanding the vir-
tues Of quicksilver, a mineral not rare
in their empire, their most advanced
method of smelling consisting of small
cone-shaped furnaces built at elevated
points where they might be famed by
the mountain breezes, they were only
able to skim the surface of the vast
gold deposits of the country.
In more modern times companies, or
ganized either in England or the United
States, have worked some of the de
posits of upper Bolivia and Ecuador with
immense success, but practically the
country remains virgin so far as sys-
tematic effort is concerned.
AT BENDIGO AND BALLARAT
The first discovery of gold in Australia
was made by Count Strzelecki in, 1882
and by him communicated to Sir George
Phipps, the governor of New South
Wales In Difference to the wishes of
the latter, who was of the opinion that
information of the discovery would pre-
vent the maintaining of discipline
among the As, 900 convicts there collected,
the knowledge was kept from the world
! i i 81.
w. B. Clarke,a geologist, upon whom
silence seems also to have been. enjoined
by Governor Phipps, but who did draw
the attention of the colonists to the mat
ter. Without knowledge of these dis
coveries Sir Roderick Murchison in 1874,
publicly asserted the high probability Of
the existence of gold in, Australia. In
1850 gold was found at Clunes, Victoria,
but not until the following year was any
extensive working made. In that year
E. H. Hargreaves returned from Califor-.
mia and applied the knowledge gained in
the Golden State to the new fields in
Australia. How he got the idea of re-
turning to Australia is thus recorded in
Hutchings' California Magazine for No
vember, 1857: "Mr. Hargreaves, the dis
coverer of gold in Australia, was min
ing in Coloma in the summer of 1S49,
and went to Suffer ard Marshalls
new mill for lumber. and as he
and Marshall (the discoverer of
gold in California; were leaning against
pile of lumber, converslng, Hargreaves
mentioned the fact that he was from
Australia. Then why replied Marshall,
don't you go and dig gold among your
tot no
heard of that country 1 have no doubt
whatever that you will find plenty of it
there DO you think so, indeed?' in
quired Hargreaves. I do was the an
swer. If l thought so I would go down
thre this autumn was Hargreaves' re-
ply.
He went, ard with what result? In
the year of his return, 1851, New South
Wales and Victoria returned bullionval
ued at Sc, Ala 1863, and this output went on
increasing until the limit was reached
in 1877, when bullion valued at $40, 639, 92S
was produced. The yearly output at
present is about half of that amount.
THE CALIFORNIA PRODUCT
The history of the gold discovery in
this state in 1S4S by Marshall, has been
told and retold ad nauseam. There ex-
lists no absolutely authentic data upon
which 10 base any estimate of the gold
obtained in those DAYS A rough ap-
proxima ton. however, has placed the
California product in 1S49 at $40. 900 900;
in 1850. $40 900 600: in 1853. SCI. 900. 900. Iu.
1866 tabulated returns began to be kept
and the return for that wear was for
gold and silver s25 600 O0O Tn the CEN
sus year california nroduced s13 OOo Oo0
in oo1d and Il os4 a49 in silver
,rc,,D
When Baron Humboldt pursued MS
travels through oouth ana Central
America, OF when ne mas lett such a fas-
clnatlng record ne prognostlcated thal
the rlchest golo deposlts Woulo De 1ouhu
the further north one Travelled along the
range Oh mountains Whlcn forms the
backbone OF the Americas Whether
known as the Rocky mountains, the Cor
dilleras, the Andes or the Alaskan range,
the continuous mountain chaln extends
the entire length or the new world, and
Wherever tapped yields golden product
in smaller or greater amounts.
| Sir Roderick Murchison made some
what similar prophecy regarding gold
| developments in Siberia, which, while
not yet fully substantiated, has been APP
proximately so by the gold deposits
l fnfy in, bn Tool 4otr, JxIA