The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1897-05-30


De congratulated rather than pitied, since
he viii be able at length to retire without
any conjunction to his own native country
10 spend the remainder of his days among
people who are infinitely more congen al
10 MIN than the Greeks, and in the en-
Joyment of fortune that is simply colos-
sal. Nor Will there be any inclination
on the part of the European courts to
olame him personally for the present trou-
Die. lie has repeatedly been on the point
OF abdlcating, and on each occasion has
remained on at the urgent request of the
great powers, who Were anxious, at all
costs, TO avoid the complications which
they knew would ensue. were his throne
10 become vacant Moreover, the Euro
pean soVereigns are fully aware that
When he invaded Crete he had to choose
between doing so and facing a revolution
!hstgated by the Hetairia which would
nave driven him from Athens and that
If he did not lay down his crown then and
there it was entirely on account of the
entreaties Of the foreign governments who
hoped that they would be able to effect
a compromise, and only required time to
accomplish it.
The Hetaria is about 100 years old. and
consists of number of inner circles. and
Oh wheels within Wheels no one save a
Favored lew knowing who is the head
thereot for the time being. Like the So
clety or the Carbonari in Italy, and like
that OF the nihiusts in Russia. ii has
princes of the blood, and even crowned
monarchs, who have been affiliated with
II. For 1t is well known that Emperor AL
eXander of Russia was, in the early part
or the present century, a member of the
Heta1rla, which showed itself so eXacting
that in sheer despair he abandoned his
throne TO his brother Nicholas causing his
own death to be proclaimed and a mock
funeral to be organized. after which he
retired to the monastery of St. Sergius
where, under the guise of a monk he
survived until 1864
Napoleon III, too, remained throughout
his reign submssively subject to the
grand master OF the Italian order of the
Carbonari, which he had Joined while re-
siding with his mother at Rome. When
Napoleon became emperor he at first
imagined himself to be powerful enough
to be able to turn a deaf ear to the COM
mands of the Carbonari, and to be in a
position to sever all further intercourse
with them. But they had not the slight
est intention of permitting him to become
thus unfaithful to his vows of featy to
the order and after they had instigate ted
several attempts to assassinate him Zone
of which, known as the Orsni bomb out
rage, resulted in the death of large
number of bystanders and in the destruc-
ton of the imperial equipage on its way
to the opera at Paris he abandoned all
obeyed, when he received orders from
Rome, to declare the preposterous war of
1853 against Austria, which, while it prof
tied Italy great deal, brought France
little or nothing, except the ill-will of Aus
tria, who would otherwise have come to
her rescue in 1870.
In 1866, again, Emperor Napoleon took
advantage of the struggle between Aus
tria and Prussia to demand from the lat
ter territorial compensation along the
Rhice, threatening otherwise to march to
the assistance of Austria, which had just
inflicted a crushing defeat upon the Ital-
ian at CustoZza. Bismarck was on the
point of yielding to the demands of Ma
poleon, the Prussian defeat of Austria
having been a very close affair, which had
left the victor in sadly weakened con-~
dition. But suddenly the demands of
France were withdrawn and Napoleon con-
tented himself with requesting that the
surrender of Venice by Austria to Italy
which Prussia had insisted on, should be
made to him. Only after Napoleon's
death did people become aware that his
inexplicabe withdrawal of demands,
which were about to be conceded to the
advantage of France, was solely due TO the
threats and commands which had reach
ed him from his Carbonau associates in
Italy. Indeed, much that is otherwise in
comprehensive in the eighteen years
reign of Napoleon, who was a man of
remarkable cleverness, becomes clear as
day when it is pointed out that he was
constantly forced by the Italian Carbo-
mari to embark upon enterprises and to
adopt measures disadvantageous in every
respect TO France but calculated to bene-
fit Italy.
In Russia the Grand Duke Nicholas
ConstantinOvitch, who was banished to
Siberia for stealing his mothers jewels
and the sacramental gems of the impe-
ri al cbappl a Peters I'm order
present them to an American adventures,
a Mrs. Hattie Blackford of Philadelphia,
was on the point of being pardoned ana
rehabilitated in 1885, when the fact was
suddenly brought to light that he was
affiliated to the nihilist society, and that
he had actually married a female nihilist,
a daughter of the postmaster of Tashkent,
who was one of the leaders of the move
ment. The result was that instead Of
being set at liberty he was sentenced 10
close detention for the remainder of his
life. His father, the immensely clever
Grand Duke Constantine, was likewise
implicated in the nIhilist movement But
that was during the lifetime Of his chivai-
rous brother Alexander II. The latter,
on receiving from the chief of police the
documentary proofs Of the guilt OF his
brother, handed them TO him, and EN-
bracing him affectionately exclaimed: Il
do not believe in them, Constantine
had 1t not been for this secret society
known as the nihilists, Russia would to-
day be enjoying the inestimable Dement'S OF
a full-fiedged constitution, and of popu-
lar form of government similar to that
of the other civilized nations of the world
For the ukase comforting these conces-
sions upon the people was already drawn
up, had been signed by the chancellor and
ministers, had been stamped with the inn
perial seal and was about TO receive the
final signature Of the car, which was all
that was needed TO convert the decree
into the law of the land, when, on the
very morning of the day that he was TO
have put his name thereto he was struck
down and blown to pieces In the streets
of st. Petersburg by the nitro-glycerine
bombs of the nihilists.
In Austria there are at least dozen OF
these secret societies, which seriously
hamper the action of the government and
It's policy, the best known being pEoba-
bly the "Omladlna" IN Bohemia, and the
italia Irredenta" Of the southern prov
inces. IL was a member OF the former
who attempted. about three years ago. TO