davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02
The Sidewalk.

In the case of a wheelman arrested
in Middletown, Conn, for violation 81
a town ordinance in riding upon a
sidewalk, Judge Pearne thus defined
a sidewalk as legally constituted: "A
fair, reasonable and safe construction
OF the ordinance, and one which will
avoid confusion, is that it's intent is
that the term sidewalk means that
portion OF the highway between the
fence line and the part of the highway
which is used by vehicles as a travelled
way, and is worked and improved bv
the city for that purpose. The ordi-
nance applies to all streets under the
control Of the city, except such streets
as are not improved in that portion be-
tween the travelled path used by veh;-
cles and the fence line, or where there
is not some sort Of a walk laid ont
constructed or improved by the civ ~.
by the abutters."
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02
Another Invention.

An Englishman has patented an in
Ventlon for adjusting the handle bar
and saddle of a bicycle while the wheel
Is in motion. OF it he says: "By rails
ing or depressing the handle bar the
saodIe IS shifted backward or forward,
ana at the same time is inclined to an
angle suitable to any given position of
handles. This is effected by means of a
handle bar working freely in the eye
or the stem and connected through a
coupling rod to the front of the saddle
or saddle frame. The arm carrying the
saddle is formed of the arc Of a circle.
Ihe handle bar is retained in any CIV
en- position by means of a spring latch
on the bar, engaging into correspond
ing holes on the stem, or in a notched
quadrant"
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02
IN THE CLOUDS ON THE SAINTS.

wonderful facts above the clouds.
Professor Holden's object in inditing
this work is to outline the conditions
suitable for astronomical labor at high
levels. 1t tells of the work Of the Har-
ward college expedition on Ell Misti,
that stands 19,2OO feet above the seas
level. 1t describes the meteorological
station on the Sonnblick which is
S.843 feet above old ocean. 1t tells us
of the hairbreadth escapes and con-
slant danger hat fall tt the lot of
those who take observations on Mont
Blanc. The results of DR.. Muller's
labors on the Saints is revealed and
the story is told Of what transpires on
the summit of famous Mount Hamil-
ton. In a word, it is a resume of the
efforts of scientists on mountain peaks
from the time Of Professor Piazzi-
Smyth at the peak of Teneriffe in 1856
to the latest achievements in far-away
India.
The modern mountain astronomical
observatory is the legitimate descend
ant, Professor Holden says, of Galileo's
tower of Arcetri. The inhabitants of
the earth know the external universe
directly only through the sense of
sight, and our terrestrial views of the
planets and stars are much modified
by the action of own atmosphere
upon r." ,ys of their light which
reach our eyes. We are, as it were,
Immersed in an ocean of air, and one
OF the first problems Of astronomical
physics is to determine the effects of
this everything ocean upon the light
from external bodies which penetrates
its depth. Light moves in straight
lines in empty space. but light enter
Ing our atmosphere is refracted from
It's course so that the ray which en-
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02

world. Few works of fiction are more
interesting than this plain recital of
facts. 1t is a story of hardship, star
walton and deadly peril that have be-
fallen men who have labored on and
on in the interests of science. 1t
shows that much of the information
concerning the heavenly bodies of
which we read is gained under circum-
stances and at heights which would
fill us with awe if we only knew the
real truth. It tells how scientists find
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02
Omcial Corruption In China.

A striking picture of the official cor
ruption that prevails in China is af-
forded by some diplomatic reports sub-
mitted by the English foreign office to
the houses OF parliament at Westmin-
ster. Among other things it is shown
that SO great is the stealing that. were
the imperial government to abolish 1ho
rice tribute from the provinces of
Kingsu and Chekiang alone, it Womb
effect an economy of more than 81, 1000
600, which is the SUI that it's collection
now costs over and above the revenue
that it yields.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02
ELkS IN HARNESS,
Scheue to Maks Them Take the Places
of HorssI and Mules.

Of Horses and Mules.
With reference to Eli E. ChamDCr-
lain's statement recently that a scheme
was on foot to capture yearllnS elks IN
eastern Oregon and then break them
as one would a horse for driving pur-
poses-thus replacing the horse in in
dustrial pursuits--Sylvester r. Evens OF
LatOurell Falls furnishes the following
extract from a history of Madison Il
ty. Iowa. says the Portland ~Oregonian.
His injunction is that IF we will we
may profit by the experience Of Others"
which he says may ave the elk COM
pany and others time and money.
THE capture of elk calves vas, in
those early days, a favorite pastime--a
business, rather, for there were visicns
of wealth to be derived from their sale.
But these elk sadly disappointed all Of
us. Theoretically, they were the most
useful domestic animals, for shambles,
for the pillow, and cart, carriage and
course, possibly for the dairy. Why
not? And thus, in size and form, in
hoof and horn, they were own cousins
to the reindeer-that indispensable ad-
junct to arctic humanity. Their speed
and bottom had been proven in many
a hard half days hunt; the meat was
as that of an OK. They could winter
where the mule would freeze or starve,
and so easily dOmesticated! Take a
young M that never saw the face of
man, carry it in your arms 100 yards,
and it would follow you through fire
and water.
But they turned out unmitigated
%nuisances. They would neither work
nor play. The trial was fair and con-
elusive. In the spring of 1851 much
valuable time, which had else been
devoted to seven up, euchre and kim
dred industries, was spent in Abel in
breaking them in harness and saddle,
and Elisha Morris, then we'll known in
sporting circles, %harnessed a sp2n of
2-year-old bucks to a light buggy and
started for some eastern emporium,
where it was thought the unique turn
out would command bags of gold. Eight
days drive took him to Oskaloosa,
about 100 miles, where he was fam to
swap the whole rig for a horse, that
he sold for some eighty dollars. His
verdict was:
"'They won't work; they are too
much like a blamed Indian!'
They were utterly lawless, going
without let or hindrance into field and
garden, and doing mischief out of sheer
wantonness. They seemed aware that
a horse, not familiar with them, would
stampede at sight; they would curve
the neck, throw up their huge horns
set the hair forward, and snort to in
crease the fright. Runaways from this
cause were frequent. At certain sea.
sons of the year the males were as
dangerous as mad bulls"
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02

The highest meteorological observa-
tory in the world has been located by
the Harvard college observatory expe-
dition on the mountain peak known as
Ell Misti, one Of the Andes, whose
height is 5000 feet, or 4,SOO feet high
er than Pixies Peak.
The best known of all our own OBJ
servatories is that on Mount Hamilton,
in California, which bears the name OF
the man through whose generosity it
was built-Mr, James Lick. 1t was
erected under the direction of trustees
appointed by Mr.. Lick and according
to the plans prepared by Prof. Holden
and Prot. Newton. This observatory.
while not so notable in point Of height
above the level of the sea, 4,2O9 feet,
has attracted wide attention because Of
its equipment, for here is located the
largest telescope in the world, excepting
the great Yerkes telescope, placed in
position not long ago at a point on the
shore Of Lake Geneva, Wisconsin. Prof.
Holden, by the way, thinks that unless
the conditions at Lake Geneva are dis
tinctly better than those of the region
near by, it's selection for the site Of the
largest of telescopes may prove to have
been an error of judgment.
No observatory exists around which
more interest clusters than that OF
Mont Blanc, which rears it's snowy head
1880 feet from the surface of the
ocean. The story of this observatory,
of the dangers of those who have util-
lied it, are succeeding chapters in the
tragedy Of human existence such as sci
ence cannot elsewhere produce. This
observatory was erected by M. JAMS
sen, upon compressed snow, because no
rock foundations We're available. 1t is
provided with jack screws, in order
that 1t may be leveled if necessary.
The base of the structure is 10 by 5
meters, and the snow always covers
the lower story. 1t was the intention
to have the upper story in free air, and
during observation a telescope is
mounted in an aluminium dome above
the upper story. The construction is
WY ohu IN oClOHS, VIII uUuDl6
walls and floors, and no pains have
been spared to make it safe and rigid.
AS an indication of the character of the
foundation of the observatory tunnels
were run t%hirty-six feet below the sur
face without meeting rock. The tenn
perature in these tunnels is at all times
three degrees above zero.
The cost of building on these heights
is very great. The building erected by
NJ. Jansen caused an expense of $780,
900, Ordinary laborers are paid TWEEN
ty francs a day. The price for trans
porting material to the summit was
twenty-three cents a pound. The or
binary load for a porter in such cases
was twenty-six pounds. The minimum
temperature on the summit Of Mont
Blanc is forty-three degrees below zero.
The top of the mountain is, in fact, a
glacier.
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02
Barrett's Scheme.

The suggestion made at a recent
meeting Of the Associated Cycling
Clubs of Chicago by George G. Barrett.
that steps be taken to organize an
association Of bicycle clubs, meets with
approval, but the Associated c. G. ta7
bled the matter, fearing the scheme
was directed against the welfare Of the
T.. A. w. Leading club members, how,
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02

monotony of such life subjected to very
low temperatures and surrounded by
clouds and snow for long periods will
unfit any ordinary individual for max
ing the best use of the few clear days
which an Alpine winter presents.
Telephone and telegraph lines cannot
The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1897-07-02
ABOVE THE CLOUDS.
HOW KNOWLEDGE OF HEAVEN
LY BODIES is CLEANED.
The Mountain Observatories-The Top
most Point Is the Misti. Which Is 49,
200 Feet Above the Sea-On Mount
Hamilton.

ONWARD S. HOL~
den, the astronom-
ical expert and di-
rector of Lick OBJ
%servatory, has just
issued through the
Smithsonian insti-
tute the first book
ever written giving
an accurate idea Of
the mountain OBJ
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

Memorial Day will have a long run TINS
year coming AS 1t does on Sunday. In
this event the rule of the q. a. K. itself
is To observe the day previous, hence the
Observance to-day. Yesterday the state
schools took their memorial holiday, and
Monday is tie day provided by Jaw III
VIII ich the county, state and government
officers observe 1t. Thus running over
foSir daye, the occasion and ITS import
sa1puld fall with much deeper impression
al bn tie public mind than usual thus
We hr. and makes prominent the fact how
ieeAply the history and memories of the
civfa war are woven into our soclaI
Satf &c. 1t cannot be too sacredly or
.solS Gnaly commemorated as the prlncl.
gAd25involved III that terrible issue lay at
thd gerry foundations OF our government,
and the preservation of our civil institu'
tin6ss. All hail TO the surviving herCe,
az that bloody struggle, and may The
ttsNDcries Of those who fell upon the
tieIf i or have fallen by the wayside since
be kept forever green.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

Howard Press. %: "The Huronite
seems determined to continue its ma
licious attacks on those good Republi-
cans throughout the state who did not
think Mr.. Longstaff was the proper man
t. nominate for state auditor last year
Its latest attack is on Dave Williams, OF
Day county-the county which did not
cast even one of its fifteen votes for MIR.
Longstatf. And o the Pop papers are
quoting the Huronite as "Republlcan
authority"
Now, Robert, that is not fair. That is
the way you got your own start. lou
know that you We're the biggest kicker
in the republican party of the state, be
fore YOU got "a teat.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

Notice is hereby given, that the undersigned,
assignee of the late firm of johnson Bros. x Co.,
will until June Goth, 1897, receive written bids for
the following property now in my hands, belong
ing to said trust estate. or for any part or portion
thereof, to wit: One second hand set of timer =
tools, all of that certain stock of shelf aud heavy
hardware formerly owned by said firm of Johnson
Bros Il Co. and now being in the building situa-
ted on lot Il of block ID of the city of Madison,
South Dakota, either as a whole or in job lots for
any part of the same, all fixtures now in said
store and used in connection with said stock
also lot No. Is of block No - of the original plat
of the city of Madison, south Dakota, together
with the buildings thereon. Bids will be re-
Ceived for all Of said property, stock, fixtures,
building and timers tools in one bid or for each
separately. or for one OF more of the same
That said bids will be considered by me on June
goth, 1891. and | hereby reserve the right to reject
any and all bids.
That if in my Judgment the bids are for a price
inadequate for the property, and the same would
bring Il bet: r priceif offered for sale at public
auction. then | hereby reserve the right to reject
said bids and then and there offer said above de
scribed property, or any part thereof, for sale al
public auction to the highest bidder for cash.
All of the bids received by me must be for cash
down on delivery of the property.
Dated At Madison, South Dakota, this 18th day
of May, \. ID. 1891.
II. ii. ~GULsTINE.
Assignee of johnson Bros. d Co.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

There Was a big meeting Of the faith
fu! distributors Of republican patronage
at Sioux Fails Thursday to apportion
plUm-. the most roey-cheecked one being
the United ~'ales ~marsha!snlP. Among
those whom loss kittredge consulted
were Alex johnson, the railroad pohti-
elan: \. .. klngsrud candtdate for gov
ernor upon the republican ticket last
fall; Jim Elliott chairman Of the state
central committee; t.. ). Persons OF
Howard secretary of the state committee;
Coe |. Crawford cand date for congress
upon the sepubllcan ticket and also ex
Congressman Gamble of lankton, Frank
Morris Of Hutchinson and others who are
not within speaking distance Of the
powers.
The first matter TO come up was that
OF marshal. There we're "a number OF
people who would like to pay off the
Jurors who serve Uncle Sam end sum
mon Iujuns to court. From Iankton
there were fol candidates, Herman
Fllermau, A. b. Wilcox, Frank Wyman
and John Krause. All had men here to
represent them. Frank Morris had the
backing OF K.ttredge and Elliott and it
was determined that he should receive
the plum. The lankton contingent
we're sore, and from conversations held
with different ones last evening there
are several who will refuse to play in
kittredge s back yard any more.
TIL protest from Barker Wilcox, it is
said, was strong, but Of no avail, and the
mal rom Hutchinson Is victorious.
IuA balance OF the meeting WAS taken
up IL hearing protests OF Tlnsiey's pro
pose appointment. 1t was claimed that
r-pu ,.Icans who had served the party
Were DeIng turned down for IA democrat
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
HAS PAID 1T ALL.
Shortage of Ex-Insurance Commissioner
Durfee of Illinois settled.

Shortage of Ex-Insurance Commissioner
Durfee of Illinois settled.
CHICAGO, May 29.-Bradford X. Dur
fee, state superintendent of insurance
under Governor Altgeld, who has been
accused of being 5000, 900 short in his
accounts, does not owe the s0te a cent,
according to State Superintendent OF In
urance Van Cleve. Durfee vas removed
from office May 5. At that time he
was indebted t the state to the ex-
tent of $l26, 900, all Of which has since
been paid. Durfee was forced to dispose
of all of his saleabla property at sacri-
fetal prices in order to square his &C
counts with the state. Governor Alt
geld denies that he was a borrower from
Iurfee.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

Another Struggle Between Man
ufacturers and the Amalga-
mated Association.
A Fifteen-Cent Raise s. ledulcd
Which Manufacturers Say
Will Not Go.
Coal Miners of Pennsylvania, Ohio
and West Virginia May
Also Strike.

DETROIT, May 29.-The Amalgamated
Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Work
ers of America has completed its sessions
here. Professor Mahlon M. Garland was
again reelected. Stephen Madden was
elected secretary and treasurer, and
John Williams assistant secretary.
Next years convention will be held i'll
Cincinnati. The associations repre-
s%entatiyes will meet the manufacturers
in Pittsburg a few days hence, and there
will be a struggle over the tin plate
scale, the manufacturers having repeat
edly declared they will not grant the i'll
crease of about ID cents scheduled by
the Amalgamated association.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
BIG COAL NINE STRIKE.
Districts of Three states viii BE Involved

Districts Of Three states Will BE Involved
in 1t.
PITTsBURG, May 29.-The Post says:
Patrick Dolan, president Of the Pitts
burg district of the United Mine Work
ers, said that the board had decided to
declare a strike in the coal mining dis
tricts of Ohio, Pennsylvania and West
Virginia. II have advised against a
strike, and can say that l am not i'll
favor of it," said President Dolan, "but
since the executive beard has taken the
matter out of our hands, | have come to
the conclusion that the miners Of the
Pittsburg district might as well go down
making a struggle for What is due them
as starving to death. | think we will be
in shape to bring out the men employed
by nearly every coal company in the
lake front combination. l look upon
the near future with dread, and when
| the strike is once started no IL knows
| what the result will be-"
This wear the conditions in the lake
market are entirely different from what
they were in former years. Time was
when the smaller operators could make
the coal on the lake front, but this yeal
all has been . changed. Now they
cannot dispose of any coal unless it
goes through the hands Of the IL
coal companies. While the miners
in the Pittsburg district have been
battling against a reduction to "a cents
a ton, the operators have been quietly al
work on the lake fronts. Every foot OF
dockage is now in the hands Of II OF
the 13 companies. With coal mined al
81 cents they would be in virtual contro
of the market and need not fear inroad!
by anv of the smaller parties.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
unIEr BIS OF NEWS.

Hon. J. H. Funk of Iowa Falls de-
clines TO enter the field asa Republican
candidate for governor.
new passenger depot in Duluth. 1t will
be of brownstone and will cost about
$4,000.
An order in council has been passed
increasing the tax upon companies seek
ing incorporation by letters patent. The
fees are about doubled.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
Correspondent Melton Gets Home.

LITTLE Rock, Ark, May 20 The
Gazette printed a letter from Lafayette
Vile, Ark, which a Y that Ona Melton,
the newspaper correspondent who was
captured with the Competitor crew by
Spanish officers and held III prison at
Havana for a long time, has been re-
leased. He has reached his home i'll
Madison county, near Huntsville, Ark,
| where he was born and slised. He Is
said to be arranging his plans to go on a
lecturing tour after spending a shor,
| time at his old home.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
Prefer to Close Down.

PlTTsBURG, May 29.-The tin plate
manufacturers, after a a two days meet
ing to discuss the wage scale compiled
tons, have adjourned after deciding
that they would not accede to the de-
mand of the workers for an advance.
They agreed to close down their plants
rather than pay the advance.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
The June Chantauquan is a veritabl,

The June Chantauquan is a veritable
brehouse OF Interesting reading. Among
y articles contributed are "Paris the
~ngni6csnt," p~rofusely illustrated, and
k~istoric Concord" in which Bishop
$hn F. Hurst gives pleasing recollec-
ors OF his visit to the homes Of Emer-
ID, Thoreau, and Hawthorne and other
tsrssting spots, also portrayed by ex'
lent halt tone, reproductions. In The
pman's Council Table Eben E. Rex
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
WORK TO BE RESUMED.
Miners In the Streator 0lls) District Ac-
cent the Mares OtEerel.

Miners In the StreatOr UIIs.) District Ac-
cept the Wages Offered.
STREAToR, Ills, May 29.-At a mass
meeting of miners here it was decided
to go to work at the scale offered by the
operators of the Northern Illinois dis
trict, which is based on the rate of 52la
cents per ton for the Streator field, with
a d%ifferential of 10 cents in favor of the
La Sale and BraidwOods fields. This
practically ends the suspension of work
in a district where $4,000 miners are
employed.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

lAad dispatch, 81: Emil Faust OF this
J has received Sl2,500 cash on an
Won on q group OF thirty. mining
ylans own. d by him, near Garden City.
ie purchase price is $4,000 and is
gy. . part Of a big deal which is prac-
FJalIy assured.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
Fifty-One Manufacturers Yield.

NEW YORK, May 29.-It was reported
that 81 manufacturers and ID clothing
contractors had up to the present yield
ed to the demands of the striking gar
ment workers. These manufacturers
and contractors employ 1900 hands The
new agreement means an increase In
wages and the abolition of the task and
piece work systems.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

ford's seasonable paper on "AnnuaI
Flowers and their culture" and Mrs. l.
Vanch- Phillips China Painting IN
America" are OF especial interest to
women. The entire number Will be
read with profit by old and young.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29

LOUISVILLE, KY, May 29.-Frank
Sem of the West End Bowling club,
lowered the worlds bowling record at
Byrnes' bowling hall. Mr.. Som made
20 successive STRIKES b. leaving
the alley. The previous W AS record
was Is "ctrikes."
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1897-05-29
LIE DAILY LEADER
SATURDAY, MAY %. 1897.
tEkNs OF ST INSCRIPTION
To ADVERTISERS.

the DAILY LEADER makes q special feature OF
fI-ni.hlr Information concerning the advantages
an resources OF the city of Madison and OF the
st.;e AZ large emitting it TO the patro1ag@ dad
Te-.'-ers Of ever CIAss.
d. STAHL, Proprietor.