New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-04-04
PAPAL DIPLOMATS.
HOW THE POPE IS REPRESENTED IN
FOREIGN COURTS.
THE SHARP LINE DRAWN BETWEEN LEGATIONS
TO THE oUIRINAL AND TO THE vATIcAN-rHE
INTERESTS OF THE UNITED STATES.

| THE SHARP LINE DRAWN BETWEEN LE'Aiio>0
TO THE ourRrNAL AND TO THE vArrcAN-rHE
| INTERESTS OF THE UNITED STATES
| In suggesting that President Mckinley should
select as United States Envoy to the Italian
| Government a person agreeable to the rope
| Archbishop Ireland gives evidence OF singular
| lack Of appreciation OF the condition or aHalrs
! at Rome The very fact OF diplomat being ac-
credited to the Court Of the Quirnal Is In itself
sufficient to close against him. not alone the
gates of the Vatican. but even the doors or the
| palaces Of all those patricians and MOBILES VINO
| form what Is known as the BLACK" aristocracy
| and have retained their oldtime temporal as wen
| as spiritual allegiance to the Pope. declining 10
acknowledge the King Of Italy as their sovereign
| To such point Is this hostility between Church
| and State carried that the other day Count Deha
| Porta one Of the principal officers Of the Noble
| Guard at the Vatican was summarny deprived
| Of his commission and dismissed from the Papal
| service for having included among the guests at
| an entertainment given by his wife NUMBER OF
members of the encourage OF King Humbert ana
| Of Queen Margharita.
| With the exception Of Great Britain, scandi-
navia and the Balkan States, every Government
| In Europe maintains two separate ana dsuhct
diplomatic missions at Rome The one Is ac-
| credited to the Vatican and the other to the
| Ouirlnal There Is supposed to be no official or
| even social intercourse whatsoever between the
| missions Of the same country at Rome, and II the
! Spanish Ambassador to the Pope holds any COM
munication with the Spanish Ambassador to the
King 1t Is entirely sub rosa. This rule IS Strictly
| enforced so much so, indeed that when year
| ago Count Revertera the Austrian Ambassador
to the Pontifcal Court, happened to attend an en-
tertainment given by the Austrian Envoy to the
Ouirinal at which a number Of the dignltaries
| Of the latter were present, Cardinal Rampoia'
the Papa Secretary of State. caused official rep
| RESERVATIONS to be made at Vienna about the
matter by the Nuncio.
| QUIRINAL AGAINST VATICAN.
| II should be thoroughly understood therefore,
that whoever Is selected by the President to rep
resent the United States at the Court or kinS
Humbert will be absolutely cut off from any
official or even social intercourse with the Vati
can, and with the members Of the Papal Admin
istraton, while If he happens to be Catholic he
will be treated with still greater rigor by the
Pontifcal authorities, since there is always a
tendency to show more indulgence to hereto
than to a Roman Catholic who is held to owe
greater degree of obedience and spiritual allegi-
ance to the Pope. That is why the latter is al
ways ready to receive the visits of Protestant
princes and rulers even when they in Rome
as the guests of King Humbert whereas he reso-
lutely declines to admit to his presence any
Catholic scion Of royalty who has paid his re-
spects to the King before calling at the Vatican.
When William Waldorf Aston was United States
Minister to Rome he experienced a considerable
amount Of difficulty In obtaining admission to
the Vatican library for the purpose Of making
the historical researches needed for his novel,
Valentino" and it may safely be asserted that
had he been a Catholic he would never have
been permitted to cross the threshold of the
Popes immense palace.
Moreover the United States Is not one of the
Powers with which the Vatican can under pres
ent conditions, maintain any permanent diplo-
matte intercourse. This country is officially de-
scribed by the Catholic authorities at Rome as
being 'n partibus infldelium." Its clergy are
regarded as missionary clergy. and the inter-
course between the latter and the Holy Seat Is
carried on. not through the Papal Secretary Of
State, who is at the head of the diplomatic
service OF the Pope. but through the Propa-
ganda to which Is intrusted the direction Of all
the missionary enterprises Of the Catholic
Church Archbishop Martinelli, who Is now in
this country exercising extensive powers granted
by the Pontff, Is not here in any diplomatic ca
pacty nor in any sense Of the word accredited
to the United States Government. He is here
for purely ecclesiastical and doctrinal matters.
and while representing the Holy Father in per-
son as his delegate is likewise the official peni-
potentiary of the Propaganda. but not Of the
Papal Department of State
PAPAL NUNCIOS.
The Nuncios the Ambassadors and en-
voys of the Pope to those Governments with
which the Vatican carries on diplomatic inter-
course, and they communicate, not with the
Propaganda but with the Papal Department of
State at the head of which is Cardinal Rampola
del Tindaro who, as Minister so to speak, Of the
Papal household, sometimes affxes his sigma
ture to messages to people in this country which
the Pope desires partake of more per-
sonal character than If sent through the ordi-
nary official channels of the Propaganda The
Nuncios are invariably Archbishops, have re-
ceived most careful diplomatic training at the
College Of Noble Eccesiastcs at Rome and are
acknowledged by their secular colleagues rep
resenting other countries to possess to greater
degree the science and the art Of the diplomatic
profession than any other members thereof. no
matter how astute and experienced. Their ca
reer begins by their being attached to the staff
of Nuncit In the capacity Of secretary to the
mission, from which they are advanced to the
rank of auditor which Is equivalent to the grade
of first secretary OF legation. Then they be-
come Nuncios and after they have held that
Office for a certain number Of years they have
a traditional and vested right to the red hat
Of Cardinal Leo XIII, it may be added. is
one of the few Pontifs who have had the advan-
tage Of foreign experience as Nuncio before be-
ing raised to the Chair of St. Peter The Nun
clos receive liberal stipend from a fund de-
voted by the Pope to this particular branch or
the pontifcal service. and in all Catholic coun-
tries including France. the Nuncio invariably
receives by virtue of his ecclesiastical dignity.
the rank of dean Of the Diplomatic Corps.
NON-CATHOLIC MISSIONS AT ROME.
Two non Catholic Powers maintain diplomatic
missions at Rome accredited to the Vatican
namely Russia and Prussia. But the Pope has
not as yet found It possible to appoint Nuncios