davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
STATISTICS OF RAILROADS.
A to Length OF Track the United
States IL Far I'm the Lead.

States IL Far in the Lead.
The railway mileage of the world has
during the last 16 years increased at
an average annual rate of $4,000 miles,
and now stand at about 100000 miles.
IL will readily be inferred that, in re-
gard to length of track, the United
States is an easy first. At the end of
last year it possessed 1880 miles of
steam railway, as compared with 176,-
229 miles in 1894. For the whole Amer
lean continent the total is approximate
ly 230,370 miles, South America boast
ing trifie in excess of $4,000 miles,
Canada and Newfoundland 1920 and
Mexico and Central America the rest
"a matter of 7,640 miles. In the whole
of Europe there are 161, 500 miles, Ger
many leading with 29,240 miles, France
coming second with 26,450 miles and
Russia third with 23,630 miles. The
place of Great Britain and Ireland is
fourth on the list. Our actual mile
age in operation, according to the
latest return of the board of trade,
was ALTA miles at the beginning of
last year. Next after this country
ranks Austro-Hungary, with 1850
miles. Asia, as q consequence of activ-
thy on the Trans-Siberian railroad, in
British India and Japan (Which has re-
Gently had its railway mania) has in the
last three years seen remarkable in
crease, and the total now works out at
400 miles, against 26,070 miles in
1898. OF this total 19,7O0 miles must
ha .,,alifa1 70 India. . 10 To
pan and 1890 miles to Russia, the 9TH
ers being Dutch India, Q,260 miles),
Asia Minor (1,100 miles,, Ceylon, Siam,
Malay and Port India, Cochin China,
Tonquin China and Persia. In the
whole of Africa, which has an area Of
about II 100000 square miles, or round
100000 miles more than either Asia or
America, there are about $500 miles of
railway; while Australia, with an area Of
2,954,417 square miles now possesses
close up to 10000 miles.
In regard to railway mileage per 100
square miles of territory, neither of
the three great continents of Asia,
Africa and America shows well beside
Europe. There are ten countries in
which the state does not control the
railways, namely, Great Britain, Co
lombia, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Spain,
Switzerland, Turkey, the United States
and Uruguay. Eighteen governments
own and operate some of their railways.
These are Argentina, Australia, Aus
tria-Hungary, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
South Africa, Chill, Denmark, France,
Germany Guatemala, India, Japan, Nor
way, Portugal, Russia and Sweden.
Egypt and Nicaragua own and control
practically all their railways, while
Greece, Holland and Italy own part of
their several systems, but do not work
any, leasing all the present mileage to
joint stock companies. In Canada about
one-tenth of the total mileage is owned
and controlled by the government,
which loses something like 100000
per annum on it's operation.-Pall Mall
70
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
EDIsoN's LATEST IDEA.
PropOses a Wonderful Union al
Phonograph and KinetOscOpc.

L FrOpOSeS Va
Phonograph and kinetoscODc.
Edison is said to have remarked: Il
believe it will be possible to present
grand opera on the stage OF the Metro
politan opera house in all the perfection
of it's detail, with nothing more than
big sheet, lot of monographs, and a
big microscopic machine. 1 am not
going to give up until l am success
full" he says, land every experiment l
make brings me appreciably nearer the
mark" While we have only memory
of the great actors of the past, the
voices, acting and gestures of their sue
cessors may be preserved to US. Mr..
Edison states that the kaleidoscope was
only one step in the great scheme which
he has long held in mind. He has for
years had many experts working out
his plan. The great difficulty to be
overcome was the metallic character of
the tone of the monographs and the
change of it's timbre to that of the hui
man voice, so that the modulations Of
the singers and actors could be easily
reproduced. Another trouble was the
experimentation of the monographs
with the kaleidoscope reproduction. 1t
is much easier in theory than in prac-
tice.
A stage is to be cleared in thea
ter, sheets to be placed at the back
and sides. Behind the curtains are q
number of monographs capable of null
tiplying sound a'hundred times, one for
each actor in the cast. Each is loaded
with the dialogue of it's particular
player. In the gallery is a huge kineto-
scope, containing hundreds of yards Of
film, upon which is the whole play,
actors, costumes and scenery. The
orchestra plays softly, and out from
the wings steps an actress, slowly and
easily. The play runs to the end Of
the first act, and the curtain falls to
rise upon the second. From the film
$4,000 distinct photographs at the rate
of 4S a second are thrown upon the
sheet, so fast as to seem like one realis-
tic scene. The photographs are worked
by electricity, connected on the sara
| circuit that works the kaleidoscope, the
timing OF a persons voice and actions
perfectly corresponding. A man in his
own house will be able to enjoy any play
by his favorite actors.-Chicago Inter
Ocean,
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
SWELL CYCLING SUIT.
One Ordered for a New York Girl II
tn Cost S715.

One Ordered for q New York Girl In
to Cost $z15.
The most expensive bicycle suit ON
record has just been ordered at one Of
the SWEETEST tailors in New York
The girl who meets the bill is worth
million in her own right, is an athletic
beauty and reigning belle in the ultra
smart set.
The suit which makes the bill is the
most elaborate ever designed in this
country. 1t is lined with silk, finished
with jewels and will cost lump sum Of
$715.50.
Two "Scott and Adie" shawls at SIS
apiece will be employed in making the
skirt and jacket. And, by the way,
these English shawls are the very latest
thing for any sort of fancy outing suit.
The skirt will be stitched half way
to the knees, with the lines of stitching
not over sixteenth of an inch apart;
this is the new device to stiffen the
lower part of the skirt without adding
to the weight.
The edges of the jacket are also
stitched, and, together with the skirt,
it is deliberately braided, which latter
touch adds some $25 to the expense.
Boomers and Innings of suit through
out will be of silk-not less than is
yards of silk to be used, which gives an
other item of S22.5O. With the boomers
have been ordered half dozen i'll
terlining of the finest lawn at $3.50 q
pair.
Loose jackets are no longer the cor
rect thing for the crack bicyclist. The
newest waist is tight-fitting always,
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Immense LOSS of Power

Prof. c. H. Benjamin, of the Case
school of applied science at Cleveland,
o., has given detailed account of his
recent experiments in determining the
loss of power through friction in the
transmission by belts and shafting.
These were made in 16 different fac
tories. In a bridge material factory so
per cent. of the engines power was lost.
In a planning mill the loss was 70 per
cent, and in sewing machine factory
it was nearly 70 per cent. 1t was n per
cent. in stamping mill, and IS per
cent. in boiler and machine works.
The average loss for heavy machine
shops was little over 62 per cent, the
average for light machine work was
about IS per cent.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Played asNew Game.

"Say, that new parson of ours is cute
one" ..-
"How SOP"
why, we young folks wanted to go
over to his house an have good time,
an so we fixed up lot of the usual
truck an gave him Alienation party.
Well. when we burst in on him, parson
was sHtin' there as cool an confortabl
as you please. Well, he looked us over,
an he looked over Name Dobson's cast
iron pie, an Tidy Sopples' heavy cake,
an Esther Timm's sawdust doughnuts,
an heard him say, very soft-like:
'Sainted grandmother Then he asked
us if we had ever played tn new Boston
game called transfer an when we
said we hadn't he said it was so easy.
All you had to do. he said, was to give
n donation surprise party an then have
everybody change donations with every
body else. So he gave Tidy Sopples'
cake to Esther Timm, an Esther's
doughnuts went to Name Dobson, an
got Names pie, an Name got my
pickles. Nice game, isn't it? said par
son. We all said Yes Of course Kind
o. short, though he added good
| night. '"-Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
SWELL CYCLING SUIT.

SWE ELL C4CLlNG sui.
(ThiS Outfit Represents an Outlay of $715.)
and worn with series of vests and
shirt fronts.
1t sounds very simple just to say: Il
shall order at least three vests for my
new bicycle suit" doesn't it? Well,
that is what the 'millionairess" in
question did, and these three vests are
going to cost $25 apiece. The principal
color in her suit is green, so she has or
dered one vest of sage green, one of
geranium red, embroidered in black and
gold, and one of white broadcloth, en-
broidered in silver With these vests
she will wear snow-white linen shirt
fronts and black satin ties.
And $25 is not so very extrayagant for
a vest, when you stop to consider that
the garment is made when the material
is wet and has to be nodded to the
figure.
A Panama straw hat, fawn color and
trimmed with scarlet and green, will
add one $40 item, and bicycle boots OF
finest leather will add another of $1s.
Golf stockings in mixed greens and
tans will be worn in place of the high
top boot. An entire box of these stock
ings has been ordered, as it is difficult
to match them exactly. Fifteen dollars
half dozen will buy the softest and
best in the shops.
But the browning extrevagance of
this particular ''bilSing" maid is yet to
come. Her belt of elephant green leath-
err is clasped with a buckle of oxidized
silver set with emeralds. The buckle
is in the form of two bicycle wheels; the
rini of each wheel is bordered with
! email green stones, large single en-
crald forming the hub. This trifling
decoration to adorn the slender waist"
of the pretty wheelwoman will cost
treble the price of her wheel; that is to
say, exactly $300.-N. Y. Sunday Jour
nal, 80 q"
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
POPULAR SCIENCE.
MACHINE THAT BREATHEs.
And One That Initiates the Chest
Movement of n Man.

And One That Initiates the Chest
Movement of n Man.
Two curious instruments were re-
gently placed on exhibition by the New
York Academy of Sciences. They were
simple little mechanical contrivances
designed to show the action of the lungs
and Of the Hb muscles when we breathe.
BY closely observing them any per-
son may learn in a moment just how the
Inside of the chest behaves when we in
hale deep breath. They were made by
Prof. John L. Woodruff, of the New
York Teachers college. One of these in
struments consisted of an ordinary
lamp chimney over the bottom of which
was stretched a soft rubber sheet, and
an the top of which was inserted rub
Der stopper. Through the center of the
stopper was piece of glass tubing. On
tn end of the tubing, inside of the lamp
chimney. was tied little bag made of
what is known as gold, beater's skin.
Ordinarily the little bag of skin in the
chimney hangs limp and loose like col
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
HOT AIR MOTOR FOUNTAIN.

The hot air motor patented by M. Helm
rici works without steam, and, there
fore, many of the shortcomings of
small steam engines are entirely OBJ
waited. The hot air motor has re-
markably regular and soft motion,
quite contrary to the steam or naphtha
engines, where each stroke of the pis-
ton occasions shock. The main en-
ployment to which the Heinrich hot air
motor is put is the work of pump in
the center of the flower stand, as shown
in our illustration. The benefit of hav-
ing a continuous jet of water in room
during the summer is obvious.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Treasure Ships.

Some of the famous treasure ships
which lie at the bottom of the sea in
clude L'Orient, sunk by Nelson at the
battle of the Nile, with 100000
aboard; the Latune, sunk in the Zuytler
Zee with $7,oOO,OOO in her hold; the De
Brake, lost off Delaware bay with Span
which went down off Cape Hatteras
while returning from California in the
SOS loaded with gold. Official statistics
show that 1000 vessels are sunk annual
ly, the vessels and cargoes being valued
ut 1OO,0O0,OO0. The Atlantic and Pa.
cific coasts are strewn with old and new
wrecks, many laden with valuable car
goes.-ChicaI . Chronicle.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
HOT WATER SPRINGS IN IDAHO.
Flowing from Mountain Side Two
Miles from Boise City.

Nature now supplies the inhabitants
of Boise City, Idaho, with hot water,
and thereby helps them materially to
be clean and healthy. The hot water
comes to the surface of the plain at the
base of the mountains two miles above
the city and rises through sandstone
and porous eruptive formation. Seven
years ago capitalists sunk three six
inch tubes ASS feet, obtaining steady
flow under a strong subterranean pres
sure of about 100000 gallons daily.
The wells are connected with mains,
by which the hot water is led to the
city, and to which service pipes are con-
nected leading the water into the build
ing, where it is made to pass through
the coils similar to steam heaters.
The natural pressure in this city is
40 pounds per square inch, and the heat
Is registered by waste cocks. increase
of flow indicating increasing heat.
Rates are charged on the basis of the
size of waste, and are little higher than
coal. Two large schools, three banks,
nearly all buildings, an immense nata-
forum and many dwellings use it eX-
clusively for heating. No pumping is
necessary. The water leaves the wells
at ITO degrees and loses only five de-
grees travelling two miles, as the mains
are substantially nonconductors of
heat. Eighteen large schoolrooms are
heated with waste pipe Of three
| fourths of an inch in diameter.
A promising well is now being driven
one mile from the city, in the same for
nation, to supply the military post and
add to the city supply, and shows an
increase of temperature and flow, as
depth is obtained. The waters are
highly mineralized, but are unfit for
table purposes, though excellent for
skin diseases and bathing.-N. Y. Jour
| nal.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
ANAESTHETICS FOR PLANTS.
Ether and ChlOrofOrm Fumes Used
with Surprising Results.

GIher ahu SbCo
with Surprising Results.
United States Consul Kirk, of Copen-
hagen, has forwarded to the state de-
partment the following translation of
q lecture delivered by Mr.. Johannsen
at the agricultural high school recently
on the results obtained by the etheriz-
ing method. which consists in develop
ing plants earlier than is in their nature
by exposing them to the influence of
ether fumes. The lecturer says:
"By exposing sleeping plants to the
influence of ether and chloroform the re-
suit is obtained that each plant, after
the treatment with ether, begins to
shoot. They have thus probably been
awakened from their previous condi-
ton of sleep and inactivity. Lilacs grow
splendidly when placed in an alright
compartment and exposed 4S hours to
the effect of 500 or 600 cubic cent?
meters of ether, and then put in hot
house. Just before Christmas the plants
had developed splendidly. The etheriz-
ing of the plants will cost four or five
ore Zone to one and one-half cents) each.
hO poiiiO 10 W SSo ehS pidheo ~
shoot at any time before Christmas,
even in September and October. 1t
can be said that some progress has un-
doubtedly been made, but no one can
tell to what astonishing results this
discovery may lead. Tulips, lilacs, ETC.,
can be developed much earlier and have
a pretty color and great durability, as
the ether frees the plant from decom-
possible matter. To etherize the plants
they are placed in an air-tight recep-
tacle and exposed from "a to 96 hours
generally 4S hours) to the influence of
the ether. Cylindrical glasses are used
for small plants and for large plants an
oil-painted box, the interior of which is
lined with tin foil, four feet high and
long and 2h feet broad. On the lid
small hole is made. which is closed
with a cork, and the ether is conducted
through this hole. AS ether is very in
fammable great care must be taken not
to bring candles or matches near it.
The ether is dissolved at from IS de.
grees to 20 degrees centigrade. st.
Louis Globe-Democrat.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01

An authority on physical training for
women gives the following directions
for securing the best results, which
naturally must be modified by indi-
vidual characteristics and circum-
stances: "Sleep nine hours out of the
"a, battle in cold water, exercise five
minutes daily with light dumbbells.
drink cup of hot liquid before break
fast, spend half an hour every day in
outdoor exercise, make the best of bad
bargains, and always keep your tenn
per" .a na
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
FACE CONTRACTION DURING LEAP.

forehead, the neck, all are violently
contracted. The effect is the more ac-
centuated in that the energy of the eff
fort has congested the face.
Zone would say, to see this figure,
that the leaper had suddenly felt great
pain and that he was about to burst
into tears.
This photograph isinterest-
ing, as giving the contracted appear
ance of a leaper at the precise moment
of the effort of his leap. -7
ut is certain thatsin this manner a
series of effects that would be at once
surprising and instructive might be
obtained with the aid of photography"
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Bone and Sfnew.

''We cannot succeed" said the prime
minister, without the sinews of war;"
"By sinews," said the private secre-
tary, who occasionally moved in the
lower circles, 81 presume you mean
bones"
And it was with great sorrow that he
found himself compelled to explain
to his chief that dollars were often so
designated by the vulgar. - Typo
graphical Journal
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Machine for sIicing Rock.

A new machine, invented by Prof.
Dwight, ct Vassar college, tn said to
slice rock to the thickness of one
.fiftieth of an inch. This is accom-
plished by means of a series of tin disks
with edges charged with diamond dust.
A paleon,ologist objects to destroying
fine specimen by breaking it with his
hammer and often the points of great
est value are not shown upon the SUR
face of the rock. The beauty of many
varieties Of stone increases as it's
density is lessened. Prof. Dwight's in
vention makes it possible to study the
composition. grain and history of rocks
in manner never before supposed pos,
siblo.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01

aapsed balloon. If, however, the rub
ber sheeting is caught by the fingers
I'm the middle and pulled downward the
enclosed bag will Immediately swell out
ITO it's full size. This is because pulling
the rubber sheet makes the space with
in the lamp larger than the inclosed air
can fill, or what scientists call partial
vacuum. The outside air rushes down
the glass tube to the supply the vacancy,
and in doing so swells the little bag out
ito its fullest extent. On the contrary,
If the rubber sheet on the bottom of
the chimney is pushed in by the finger,
the little bag folds up limp again. By
quickly pushing the sheet in and pull
ing it out again, the little bag initiates
and folds, out and in, in perfect time to
the action of the fingers.
Now, this is precisely the action that
takes place when we breathe. The sheet
~s0F rubber on the bottom of the chimney
~ corresponds to the diaphragm in the
= human body. The diaphragm is the
Eorse membrane which separates the
ehest from the lower part of the body.
The little bag represents the lungs, and
fthe glass tube is the windpipe. 1t is
ln-nistalen idea with many persons that
Nawhan we breath the air rushing into the
Iinngs causes the lungs and the muscles
surrounding them to expand. But a
precisely reverse action takes place.
we invariably move our muscles and
diaphragm first, thus expanding the
lungs, into which the air rushes to fill
up the space which would otherwise
sbecome a partial vacuum. The action
is all unconscious, and it appearsAto be
the opposite of what it really is, but
that is how it occurs, nevertheless. Thus
a lamp chimney can be made to perform
several actions of the human body. 1t
breathes just as truly, and it's lungs are
a good facsimile of our own.
The other instrument looked some
what like band saw. 1t consisted of
several sticks of wood arranged in the
manner of the illustration. The cross
pieces on the frame represented our
ribs and rubber bands stretched on
tacks on them acted precisely as
do our rib muscles. Over the lower
points of the frame was piece of tape,
which had been stiffened by starch.
This represented the diaphragm. By
moving the frame so as to contract the
rubber bands the upper part of the
frame 1.-THE lung cavity became smaller
BY stretching the bands it became
large. Its imitation of the human
chest movement is perfect, and the les
son it teaches should be appreciated by
every one.-Chicago Inter Ocean.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Electric BIeaching CT Teeth.

The application of electricity has
been eminently successful for the
bleaching of teeth. After filling the
nerve canal in the usual manner, the
cavity is excavated and filed with cot
ton saturated with the bleaching solu,
ton. The positive pole is ccnaested
with the cotton In the cavity. and rhe
negative to the wrist, and the current
as allowed to remain for 20 or 30 min
utes, according to the density of the
stain. The process is painless and most
effective.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
To Save the TabIecIoth.

Nothing contributes so much to the
soiling of the dinner cloth as the glass
of water which during meal is being
continually picked up and set down
again in new place. Some thrifty
housewives have adopted the custom Of
setting the glasses on tiny plates such
as are so generally used for bread and
butter nowadays. 1t has been found
that tablecloth keeps clean much
longer by the use of these plates, and
the idea is especially popular among
boarding house keepers.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
PARLOR FOUNTAINS.
They Are Operated by n Dfminutive
Hot Air Engine.

Hot Air Engine.
A small hot air motor is now fire.
quently employed in European houses
to run tiny water fountain in an
aquarium flower stand, and the SIM
plicity of it's construction, as well as
its arrangement within handsome cab
met or underneath an ornamental
stand, permits it's being used in the
parlor without appearing out of place.
These hot air engines are constructed
in different sizes, representing from
one-sixtieth to one-ffth horsepower,
and their price in Germany is very
small, varying from nine dollars to
500 each, according to size and style.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
More I'm His Line.

Augustus-The photographer asked
me If Iwished for the shiny or the dull
finish, you know; which do you think
Is best Miss Maud?
Maude--I should imagine the dull
finish would be the most appropriate
y. Y. Tribune.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
PiIiar Up n War Fund.

It is said that Greece for the last
three years has been defauI+',g 70 per
cent. of the annual. interest on her
treasury bonds held abroad for the pur-
pose of creating secret war fund des"
tined for use in the invasion of Turk.
ish territory.-N. Y. World.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Too D,tiapt

"You protest that you love me, Emily,
but am still waiting fer the first kiss"
"Well. why do you wait ?"-Fliegende
r,nc!tcr.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1897-07-01
Heard in the studIo.

''Im your friend, old fellow" said the
canvas to the artist. IF you get hard
up and need money, why. just draw on
an. - i.-Dits