The times., 1897-05-16

people themselves, on both sides of the
dispute, as, sitting by their firesdes or
walking in their streets, they were actu-
ally stirred to thought or passion by their
daily budget Of news The book is the
presentation of the soul, rather than the
body of the Revolution: the brain and heart
of sorely divided people.
With logical exactitude, Prof Tyler de-
notes trifold division of the intellectual
process of the Revolution The first stage
from 1863 to 1875, represents the noble
anxiety which brave men must feel when
their political safety is imperiIled, but
conservative in the natural tie to mother
country The second period, the spring
of 1775 to the summer of 1916, represents
rapidly spreading doubt of the possibil-
ity of continuing TO be free men without
ceasing to be English colonists The
third period, extending to the end of the
struggle, represents final conviction that
it would be impossible to preserve po,iti-
cal rights and at the same time remain
inside the British empire.
The principal heroes of the intellectual
and literary forces OF the Revolution were,
ON the part OF the Wings, James Otis, Fran
els Hopkinson, Philip Frenau, John Trunl-
bull, Thomas Paine and Thomas Jefferson;
on the part of the Loyalists, Jonathan
Boucher, THE Westchester Farmer who
was Samuel Seabury first bishop of the
American Episcopal Church; Daniel Leon
ard and Joseph Galloway.
Otis was a scholarly controversialist and
pamphleteer His in flucaca was felt through
the days of eeriy unrest preceding the
Stamp Act, and, indeed, during all of 1874,
while the dispute waxed SO warm. Jona-
than Mayhem gave vigorous encouragement
to the idea of liberty from his pulpit at
this time but Francis Hopkinson made the
first great literary coup with the allego-
rical history, "A Pretty story" Philip
Frenau was the satirist of the PERIOD and
mighty was the welding of the weapon
John Trurnbull was the other literary giant
who used the same weapon. His "McFin-
gall is still classic In the library. Its ef-
feet on the affairs of the period was po-
tent as well as magical Thomas Paine's
and Thomas Jeffersen's connection with
the literary in fIuence is too well known to
need repetition.
These carry lis to the end of the second
period of the intellectual revolution.
Other writer's there were, many and influ-
ential, Ben janin Church, Phillis Wheatley,
Jonathan Carver, Major Rogers, William
Stork, James Adair. Nathaniel Evans and
Elizabeth Ferguson, and the author brings
us an Interesting understanding Of their
individual and relative personality and in
fluence A book SO important in scope and
10 magnificent in achievement is indeed
invaluable to the entire understanding of
our own history. 1t is a pioneer in its
province, and it will remain an historical
classic not to be spared from libraries
with any pretensions to correctness or
completeness New York: g. p. Pit
nam 4 Sons. Washington: Woodward s
Lothrop.j
A new and important botanical work
by Caroline A. Creeyey was published last
week. It is called FLOWERS of Field,
Hill and Swamp" 1t is intended as q
help to those who are not botanists to
identify the flowers Of the Atlantic States
by natural easy method. She divides
her subject by new order of relation,
instead of as heretofore by the relation
Of plants to each other, by the relation
Of flowers to their environment.
To an observant person, notes the author,
nothing is more evident than the change
of plant life, often abrupt, with the change
OF SOIL For twenty miles along the same
road the same daisies and asters repeat
themselves. Then an unusually verdant