Phoenix weekly herald., 1897-10-07
TEXAS FEVER.
The Tick" as It's Promoter Among
 Cattle.
History of the Disease and of the Sue cess of Dipping as
 Preventative.

p6FtESobinE WtGQ VGElcuS LO destroying the "FsveE Tick" and com
 psring notes. From the valuable dis
 cuesions made on the eradication of th ? Fever Tick" we give space to the mos . imporssnt, that made by DF. Victor A 2 Norgaard of the Bureau of Anims [ Industry.
 On motion Dr. Norgsard YVES invited to make sn address explaining prelimi } nary the dipping process. In substance : DE. Norgaerd said: "Is has been knowr tor long time that if southern cattle ; were freed from ticks they could be } shipped into safe areas at any tim o ) the year, the question is fsnd has been how can this be done? Several years
 since Mr. Klebarg found that his cattle
 were considerably troubled with itch
 dip cattle for this trouble, which he
 did. He discovered when dipping for itch that number of ticks were killed,
 and knowing the theory of the ticks
 communicating Texas fever, which was
 advanced ss early as 1890, he went to
 
 and suggested to him the advissbility of
 dipping cattle for the purpose of elimi-
 hating these pests.
 "At MT. Kleberg's solicitation it wss decided to go to Santa Gertrude ranch, where I WAS stationed between two and
 three years, where we continued to ex- pertinent with that end in view. Others took up the work and finally the Texas experiment. station, in conjunotioD with
 the station st Oolumb bis Mo, made some
 experiments, srS1 at last, but not least,
 Colonel Skinner took up the matter and
 shat is why we ars here. It became
 plainly evident while I WAS st Santa GertFuds ranch tha5 the ticks could be
 killed, brf tho question was how to kill them without damaging the cattle. We dipped about 10000 head of cstole at Mr. Kiebsrg's rench End it wss demon strased to us there that whsB would probably be effective on a smell numbe would not act satisfactorily on train load. We.found also that in the matter of killing ticks there is 8 great differ epce in the individuality of the animal, 1 which is not confined to breed OF age. l but is governed more or less, by color. | The matter of using oil for dipping wae | by Dr. Francis, of the | Texas experiment. station, who used l blsck winter oil in his experiments. It | as been found shat when applied by l b and this oil is effective, but when used in the vat in which shree OF four irches of oil Is. made to float on the water it has 8 detrimental effeot on the skin and eyes and ruins the appearance of the catsle, especially those of light color. It also heats the cattle coueid- srably, even producing 8 bad effect in that direction two weeks after epplica- ,ion. It hae been noticed that even afteV hat length of time cattle exposed 'o the sun would lon out their tongues md pant terribly. I can say that the black win ter oil kills most of the ticks put is not thoroughly effective. We discovered in the ex peFimeuts conduct- d here that clear lubRicating oil Vhioh is mechanical and does it's work y so thoroughly enveioping She sick ss 4 o choke it. The clear oil we find has i hemicel as we'll ss mechanical effect, 1 nd for the first aime in our expert aents we notice that large number of S icks dropped off the cattle while they ' 'ere standing on the dripping board C fseT having passed through she vat, l nd that ths smsiuing ticks will die | ] from three hours to three days. I | light say that the question which has { Iwsyss been the most.strou ble is to kill 8 1e small ticks, which st certain periods 0 l their existence mutt, ard before Shat Icy are covered by 6 thick, almost im- t skin CT she'll c "The lubriosting oil which is now be- h g used in the experiments here has U filed the small ticks effectively, but 1t o ust be remembered thsb it is hard to s II when they gre dead, She tenaeity of k 0lding on being she best test as to a hen they are dead. Is cnn be safely I that if by rubbing the skin
 the cattle with some instrument, such VI nail, the small ticks fall if they are le sad. We ind also that the clear oil et ss been attended with small irritating h fects end by mixture of lard oil with N is clesr lubricsting oil the irrisetinc D feet is largely removed Il has been d fnitely determined that it would not G safe to eend cattle into the safe el eas after one dipping, as it is often oi e case that cattle do not ges euffi b, sntjy immersed to cover with the oil m one dipping; this wss when we bad ni 'out four inches of oil cu top of the O. t, and this can be obVieted by six or O. sh inches instead of four. It is the DC tent in the event it is demonstrated at the dipping is thoroughly success al to dip, hold the oattle for two or ar rec days. dip again, load them on CC cleaned and disinfecsed st re, ship to the grazing grounds, OF it TO nld bs possibly arranged by dipping m home OF on the ranch in the solution su commended and then again under ot- 52 iel supervision of Fort Worth"
 Answering questions propounded by nil '. Bort and the chairman, DF. Nor all ard said the oil used in his expert ssl 'nt atione waa what is termed nuetral : between iubFicsting and inuminst- ere [; that he had submitted the oils to up smlcal examination in order to de- hs