davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Resolutions of Respect

The First Baptist Church has had
removed from its midst by the power
OF the all wise God our honored and
respected deacon, Brother Robert
Anderson. We are unable to render
just praise to his memory which will
live in the hearts of his friends for
ever.
Whereas, we feel that an earnest
christian and faithful deacon has
been called from labor to reward.
Resolved LIST; that we humbly sub
nit to the action OF Him who doeth
all things we'll.
Resolved 2nd that we extend to the
family of our deceased brother in this
their sad bereavement our heartfelt
sympathy, believing that our loss is
his gain.
Resolved 8rd; that the pulpit be
draped in mourning for thirty DAYS
and that copy of these resolutions
be sent TO the family of the deceased
and be published in the Richmond
PLANET and the New port News Daily
Press.
Z. F. BRAxToN,
w. H. LEE.
W. H. GRANT,
Committee
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
CONFERREES SUSTAINED
The Tariff Bill Again Passed by the
- - National House
By A VOTE OF 1876 TO 11s.

The Result Announced Soon After
Midnighs. After she Opponents OF
she Measure Had Spent Hours sn
Debating It.
Washington. July 2o.-Ths conferences
report on the tariff bill was adopted By
the house shortly after midnight By q
vote OF 1S6 to 118, and at noon today
the report went to the senate for ac-
uen there This eclipsea ali previous
records The result was accomplished
after IL hours OF continuous debate.
But two speeches were made by the
Republicans. one by Governor Dingley
in opening the debate. and one by Mr..
Payne. Of New York. In closing il The
Democrats were thus forced to put
1orth speaker after speaker. but their
eoEnbardment Of the Republican posi-
don was unanswered
In ala ten Democratic ana one Pop.
ulist speeches were made. The sugar
schedule was the main point OF as.
seult but the most interesting feature
Of the debate occurred when Mr.. Bailey
and Mr.. McMiliin, the two rival Demo-
cratic leaders, crossed swords on the
question OF orthodoxy OF the free raw
material doctrine. the former opposinn
and the latter championing IL.
The galleries were crowded up to ths
time the vote was taken. manv dis
tinguished people being present. Annonn
them were q number OF senators, sew
eral members OF the cabinet and q few
members OF the diplomatic corpA
Every Republican In the house vine
was present voted for the report. The
Democrats. with eve exceptions, voted
against the report The exceptions were
1laydsn Of Texas. Broussard OF Louisi-
ana Meyer 81 louisiana. Davay Of
Louisiana, KleberH OF Texas.
The Populists and silverites ala not
vote soIidly. Mr.. 6hafroth OF Colorado
and Newlands OF Nevada. sifveritea, abb
stained from voting. MF. hartman,
ailvertto. Of Montana, did not vote.
The Populists who voted against the
report were Baker, Barlow, Botkin,
Fowler. Jett, Lewis. Marshall, Martin,
Peters. Simpson. Stroud and Vincent.
-Four did not Vote-Eoward, Kelly,
Stark and Switzerland. The other Pop
Ulists were absent.
An analysis OF the vote shows that
$50 Republicans and Democrats voted
Tor the report. and los Democrats and
II Populists against IT.
Before Mr.. Dingiey presented the con-
ference report Mr.. Cannon presented
the final conference report on the gem
eral deficiency bill, which waa agreed
90 without difficulty.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
SOVEREIGN AND DEBs
Both willing to Take a Hand IN the
Miners Strike.

Both willing to Take a Hand In the
Miners Strike.
Columbus, o.. July 14.-When asked
In reference to the proposed action OF
the officials OF the Wheeling and Lake
Erie railroad IN enjoining the miners
from interfering with the operation OF
their mines President Ratchford said:
If II is lawful for men to cease work
and strike against insufficient wages
to support them we have violated no
law; II ii ia not lawful we plead guilty.
We do not fear to advise men to strike
so long as they do so along lawful
lines. and therefore we have no fear
OF the proposed injunction"
President Ratchford said he was con-
hdent or bringing out the West Vir-
ginia miners. A telegram was received
from Grand Master Workman Sover-
eign. OF the knights OF Labor Offering
his personal services. Eugene v. Debs
VIII arrive here today to consult with
President Ratchford.
A special from Bellaire, O., says: The
miners In SchIcl1s mines. on the Bal
timore and Ohio road, were yesterday
persuaded TO stop work. and with the
closing OF these mines all the miners
In eastern Ohio are closed.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Riot at a spanish Bun Fight

Barcelona. July 1s.-At Sundays bull
light q riot took place. growing out of
an alteration by the management in
the announced order OF proceedings.
The enraged spectators threw sticks,
benches and everything portable into
the arena. the bull fighters fed in dis
may and the gendarmes were COM
Yelled to interfere. After some one had
red a revolver the police cleared the
r. ;. Several gendarmes and specta-
tors were seriously injured. The riot
ers tried to burn the bull ring. Many
arrests have been made
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
GRAND ANNUAL EXCURSION
FRoA RICHMOND TO DANvILLR AND RE-
TURN VIA SoUTHERE RAILWAY July
3lsr AND AUGUST 2, 1S97-FARE
FOR THE RoUND TRIP, $500

Train leaves Richmond, Virginia
Street Depot at III O'Clock Saturd av
July 3Ist, returning leaves DanviIle
Monday evening at z O'Clock. Two
days trip and only one day from bust
ness. Don't forget this; our annual
excursion gives more time and a long
er visit to your friends than hereto
fore and an opportunity to attend the
revival meetings at the different
churches on Sunday. There will be a
game OF Base ball in Danville Monday
evening between Richmond and Dam
vile teams Special cars will be pro-
vided for white people and good order
maintained.
VIZ. HANEINs and A. MCCORMICK,
Committee
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
GRAEDB EXCURSION.

Grand Excursion, from Richmond to
Staunton, by the Working Sons OF
Hope, Saturday night, July "a, 1897.
This being the First Excursion of
the Season to Stanton, the committee
will spare no pains TO make it one OF
the best of the season. Let everybody
turn out and have e good time in the
mountains.
Geological Park, where hundreds of
animals can be seen free, Deaf, Dumb,
and Blind Institute, the Asylum and
hundreds of other attractions. Nice
Valley Pixies for Bicycle Riding. The
train Will stop at all stations going
and returning.
The Summer Normal Institute. Prof
B. A. Graves, principal, will be in ses-
sion at Charlottesville and person.
who stop in Charlottesville will have
an opportunity of visiting their friends
all day Sunday.
Arrangements will be made for white
people
The Fare from Richmond, Round
Trip 81 80; from Richmond to Char
lottesville. 81 %; from Richmond to
Gordonsville. 81 90; from Gordons-
vile to Staunton, 75S; from Char
lottesville to Staunton. 50f; from Min
eral City and Louisa, 81 90; Way pas
senRere between hlcnmOnu ana Miner
al City to Staunton, 81 %. Tickets
will be sold by committee. Good or
der will be Guaranteed on train. Re-
freshments sold on train at city prices
Train will leave @. and o. Depot
Broad Street Station. Saturday night,
July "a, 1897 at 1920 Returning will
leave Stanton Sunday night, July
18th. 1897 at O'Clock.
Committee -. II Harper, Robert
Taylor, Thomas NJ. Crump, Robert
johnson, James II. Shelton, at Wick
hams; ] II. Stephens, at Hanover; K.
+. Ligbtfoot, at boswell; JesRy Rob
inson, at Frederick's Hall; Quarles
Murray, at Louisa; j. w. Eastern, Ire
Williams; Jerry Porter, at Gordons-
vile; Robert Atkins ard Robert Kel-
ser. at Charlottesville j. II. Coleman,
Manager; A. b. Hawkins, Secretary
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

Rev. O l. Withrow. b. D., of Ran
dolph Street M. Z. Church Lexington,
Va five days in the city, the guest OF
Mrs. NJ NJ. Bum. He preached three
evenings at Leigh Street "A e. Church
TO very large congregations The
camp meeting continues with unabat-
ed interest. Able divines will preach
at II. and Sunday. Christians come
and help US to redeem Richmond
j. T.. BRIcE, Pastor.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
BIDDLE UNIVERSITY,
Charlotte. N. @

Consists Of four Schools heologi-
cal. Collegiate, Normal and Prepara-
tory and Indus rial, aud offers eight
courses OF study, exclusively for males.
Buildings heated by steam and we'll
lighted, AID as well appointed for their
purposes as any in the South Atlantic
States.
community moral and intelligent.
Location healthful. Faculty able and
experienced. Opportunities for stu
gents to aid themselves by work.
scholarships available. Next term be-
gins October 9Th.
For information and catalogues, ad =
Rev. ID. SANDERS, d. ID.
Blddle University Charlotte. N. @
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Mrs. KilpatricR's Pension.

Washington, July 21.-Assistant Sec
rotary OF the Interior Webster Davis
has reversed the action or the pension
bureau In rejecting the claim for back
pension made by Louisa ". Kilpat-
rick. widow Of the famous major gen.
eral, and has reopened the claim for
further adjudication She probably
will get the pension. as the evidence
shows that the cause OF General Kill
patrick's death, Bright's disease, was
incurred in the service. The widow al
ready draws a pension conferred by
congress in 1884,. but the claim Is for
pension from Dec. 2. 1881, the date of
his death. to July 1. 1884. the date of
the action by congress.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Tatal tenement Ffr..

Jersey City. July 1A.-Two children
were sufrocated to death In q burning
tenement house in this city yesterday.
Their parents are both 80 badly in
jured that they may not survive, and a
girl OF Il years was probably fatally
burned. A policeman sustained burne
and inhaled smoke in such quantity
that he may die. The fire broke out
about O'Clock. in the baker shop
Edward ManBur. So filled with smC
were the apartments and halls aboV,
~ hakeEx~ 49, r. ZeG liGeplt -
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
SATURDAY. JULY "a, 1897.
PoETIOAL ADDRESS.

cad at the Banquet to Sir ]. L. Tuggle.
Supreme officer,-Grand officers,
(ADd all the rest,
I appreciate being here
will confess:
As It palmer shows me
What the Courts are doing.
The wonderful success
That BOW 1 am viewing;
Ia sufficient to make
Any true Sir Knight feel proud,
And their praises Of the Courts
To sing aloud.
As all honor is due them,
For their glorious intention;
And their f O. and b. service
Is too extensive to mention
The Sir Knights alone,
i make no exception,
Would never arrange
Such a grand reception;
But the Industrious Courts
With q very little struggle,
Do hOnorably receive
Their s w. c., J. L Tuggle.
Well, to speak of the Pythians
Even in a brief way
Would take too long
NJ AC8beS WAOAC 0oIs
Bot one feature,
They are getting 60 grand,
That they are collecting
All the best men in the land
Surely the Courts are
Following the Pythiaps' examples,
And to see their material
Just look at these samples.
Now your attention
have held long enough;
Sol will relieve you
To partake Of better stuff,
Which believe will
Be more agreeable:
For some Of Us Knights
Are looking quite feeble.
Now you are at ease,
To satisfy the inner man
But do truly hope
The Conrts may forever stand.
+. A. EDMoNDs.
Myrtle Lodge, IL.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Cav wall PaDar..

The shops of the decorators show q
decided return to gay effects in wall
papers and seem to indicate that the
reign of negative backgrounds for rooms
is seriously interfered with If not f1n-
ished- A yellow figured paper, that Is
almost an orange tint. hangs next to one
Of deep red. which, IN its turn, gives
place to a rich and vivifying greea.
These are, any OF them, to be used fash
ionahlY with white woodwork.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

Atlanta Ga. July 1A-In q play pre-
scented by colored amateurs In Pitts
burg. q suburb OF this city, Monday
night John Singleton acted a part In
which he was supposed to be shot dead
by his rival impersonated by Gary
Brown The scene was carried out
faithfully. and aroused loud applause,
which was turned into lamentation
when II was discovered that Singleton
was really dead. The pistol Brown
used. which was supposed TO be load
ed with blank cartridges. carried . real
bullet instead
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Or. swallovx,s Charees renewed

Dr. bW~IaUW7 = OHAFBeb heu8Wous
Harrisburg. July 14.-Rev. DR.. 8. c.
Swallow issues an address declaring
that ''the evidence submitted to the
Legislative committee on the origin
Of the capitei are. showing that IT was
Of ineendiarW origin, was suppressed
By the committee. Strong circumstan-
tid evidence h now in our possession
pointing toward the guilty parties For
more direct evidence. that will convict
- the criu1aL we herewith offer 8. 900
reward
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Pilgrim Baptist Church.

On last Sunday the Lords Supper
was administered by Rev. James II.
Holmes. The attendance vas good
There will be given a grand concert
at the Pilgrim Baptist Church, July
26th, for the benefit of the said church.
Come one, come all and help us in this
work. Mrs. Addie Lemas, Manager.
SAMUEL LEMAs, Pastor;
y. BRANCH, Church Clerk.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

cit must have cost you a great deal
to provide all these comforts for your
employees" said the friend who had
been looking through the reading rooms
and gymnasium attached to the factory.
cit does cost a little, - admitted the
manager. ''but, you see, we pay 'em
suoh low wages that the factory Is real
IL better place than Lo...e. That makes
'em contented to stay. "-ExchanRe.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
BY water to Nebrasira.

Bennington, VT, July 21.-Ernest Ed
son, is years OF age. left yesterday for
Nebraska in q 20-foot boat made By
himself. He Will go down the Waloon-
&C and then to Troy. From that city
he viii so to Buffalo by the Erie canal.
and thence by the great lakes, the
Mississippi and Missouri rivers 70
Hahra alxa
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
She Had Reason.

''I don't believe Sallie can know that
Ffch old Brown or she'd never marTy
him In spite of all his money"
why not3''
He has such a violent temper"
"Oh. that's all right That's why
abe has bean giving so much time to
gymnasium work lately" - Chicago
Post
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
WIN Keep ont Mexionn Cattle.

HI Paso. Tex. July 1.-THE duty I'm
posed by the new tariff on imported
cattle viii have q prohibitory effect as
far an Mexico II concerned. During the
last "A months in the neighborhood Of
SoO. 900 head Of cattle have been i'm
ported into this country from Mexico.
paying to this government about $780,
900. The duty oil Mexican cattle under
the new tariR will range from "a to IS
per head. while the old duty averaged
t1.60 per heAA
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Monetary Conference ProhnhlA.

London July 21.-The negotiations
between the American bimetallic COM
mission and the representatives of
France and Great Britain have now
reached a stage which renders it ex-
tremely probable that Great Britain
VIII agree to participate in a confer
ence to be held in Washington next
fall
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Grand Rally.

A grand rally will take place at the
FIRST Bethel Baptist Church, Henr,co
county, Va, on the 4th Sunday in
July 1897, to give opportunity to the
many Iriepds to show their Apr ecia-
tlon oy helping to raise the remainder
Va ene money due on our house of
MUs1rsnlf Rev. w. H White and others
viii preach on the occasion.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

A miner in Staffordshire recently dis
covered a petrifed arm imbedded in the
solid stone or orc. The peculiarly Of
the arm lies In the fact that the elbow
joint can be made 70 move to and fro as
though 1t consisted OF Aesh and blood.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
HOWARD UNIVERSITY
WASHINGTON, ID. G,

Howard University furnishes supe-
rlor facilities for higher education
Nine different departments, with sew
enty-two professors and instructors
Theological, Medical, Dental, Pharnla-
ceuticai, Law, College, Preparatory
Normal, Industrial, the latter includ-
ing printing, carpentry, boOkbinding,
Timing and sew ing.
Academic depar ments open Septem-
Der Y; professional, September % to
October 4.
For particulars. address
IHE PRESIDENT OR SECRETARY.
71O-lmO
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

Strikes occurred centuries ago. and
their outcome was just - disastrous as
IL that Of the present day work strug-
gles. In the year 1929. says an old pa
per, strike OF brassworkers was ini-
tiated In Breslaus silesia. which lasted
q wear.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
A gust 9th
August 9th

WAIT FOR Us.
he First and Grandest Excursion
and Basket Picnic of the season from
the sharon Baptist Church and sun
day school to Boutwell, Park on the X.
r " +. railroad. Amusements such
as swinging, croquet, baseball by two
teams and a great match on the artifi-
clal lce-cream ground tastefully fitted
up Tor that purpose A gaaud oppor-
tuuity TO be from the dust and heat of
the city for one day. Refreshments in
abundance. Train leaves EIba at 8: 80
A. M, and leaves boswell at 8 F.. NJ.
Committee of Arrangements A.
Beverly, Thomas SKipwith, S Booker.
Eli Wilson, James Randolph, jobs.
West, +. ID. Thomas, 1haddeus Robin
son.
J. P. Johnson, Svpt
JAMES j. WooDsoN, Ssc'y.
REV. A s. THOMAe PAsToR
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Reruaees FROM > Cubap rsssF.


Kingston. Jamaica. July A.-Twelve
Cubans. the last survivors OF an insur-
gent camp In the province OF Camaguy.
reached Rio Neuvo. a little port on the
north side OF the island. a few days
ago. IN an open boat They were In q
terrible condition OF exhaustion. as
they had been 20 hours in making the
passage. The little craft. which had
been constructed In the camp just be-
fore their departure. was found to leak
In several places. and owing to the
high winds and the heavy seas the
refugees were compelled TO take turns
at bailing her In order TO keep from
being swamped- Again and again they
were on the verge OF destruction, tho
waves washing over the boat and fill
ing her to the very thwerts. IT Is sus-
pectsd by the authorities here that
some OF the names given are &c
titious. and that among the party are
several important revolutionary lead
ers who have business In New York.
and who are travelling incognito.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
INFORMATION WANTED

OF Misses Sarah and Emily Smith by
their sister, Mollie Smith, 7l6 Wett
Franklin st. They used to belong to
Jesse II Hare OF Lynchburg, Va.
Any information of their where
abouts will be gladly received by their
sister
MoLLIE SMITH,
Tic w. Franklin St., Richmond, Va.
7,24-2t.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

K. Broad. Headquarters for the famous
fOKA. the Best Blood Purifier and
Tonic. Large 81 bottles for 25r for
a short time longer. sos East Broad
Street, Richmond, Va. Agents Want
ed IA
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

breathe. but the policemen remained
AZ their posts and succeeded IN rescu-
ing many women and children. whom
they passed out OF windows TO IRE
men on the IRE ladders The dead are
Edward Zeigler. s months old. and his
12-year-old sister. William Zeigler.
father OF the child. was driven insane
and Jumped from q second story win
dow. receiving fatal injuries His wife
also Jumped. and may die. Sadie
Campbell II years Old was fatally
burned
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

st. Moritz, Switzerland. has the
champion toboggan slide Of the world.
1t is three-quarters Of q mile long and
has been descended In q whiz of u SEQ
onda
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
EOTIOE!

Howard University, Washington
ID. q, Medical department including
medical, dental and pharmaceutic col
leges, thirtieth session, 1878. will
open October LIST and continue "a sew
en- months. For information apply to
+. j. Shadd, NJ. D., Secretary, 90I ''R''
Street, n. w.
am
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
Internal Machine For Edhem Pasha.

Buda Pesth. July p. - The Poster
Lloyd says that Edhem Pasha, COM
mander In chief OF the Turkish forces
In Thessaly, was the recipient yester-
day OF an internal machine. which ex-
ploded while II was being opened. Sc
verely wounding Edhem Pasha's arm.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

The national flower of England IL The
rose. Of France the lily, Of Scotland Ahs
thistle and of Ireland the shanrook.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24
TO BE GIVEN AWAY.

800 Samples of Headache Cure. 202
Samples Of Catarrh Cure at 8O6 and 800
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

Educate Your bowels with Cascarets.
Candy Cathartic. cure constipation forever
i0c. Dc II C. c. c. fail. druggists refund money.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

The PLANET Office is now at BIZ n.
Fourth st.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1897-07-24

J Z. JOHNSON, Svpt
JAMES j. WooDsoN, Ssc'y.
REV. A 5. THOMAS, PASTOR.
The evening times., 1897-06-26
N0RTHRIDGE SENT TO JAIL
His Offense Was Voting Illegally
TN BALTIMORE.

William Nouhridge, the weIl-knuwn
Washington pugilist, was sent TO iail for
one year in Baltimore yesterday. He plead
ed guilty To having impeIsouated Charles
{. BncEer, No. 1851 North Carey street, in
that city and voted illegally in his name
at the pollsin the Twelfth ward on Noyem-
Der .. 1895.
After his arrest Northndge was released
on 81 900 bail, but failed TO appear IN Balti-
more for trial. and his brother George,
who resembles him very much in face and
form, was arrested by the sheriff on a
bench warrant directed against William.
George proved that he was not the man
wanted and was released.
In the meantime william Northridge
came to this city and took up his resi-
dence ON Missouri avenue with Annie Addi-
son, who formerly kept a resort south Of
Pennsylvania avenue. While here he en-
tered Mr. William Il McKnew's s store last
December in company with the woman and
stole valuable fur boa, which he pre-
scnted TO her as a Christmas gift. The
couple Were arrested 10y Detectives SUIT
ton and Watson and Sergt. Moore, and
in the police court January o, 1897, North
ridge was sentenced TO serve ninety days
in Jail, the woman being discharged.
The baltimore authorities had learned
OF NorthTidge's arrest and imprisonment
here, and when he stepped from the Dis
triCt iailon February % last, after having
served his term. with fifteen days deducted
for good behavior, two detectives from
the MonumentalCity,a armed with the proper
papers, stood at the prison door and re-
arrested him. He went to Baltimore with
out protest.
In passing sentence on Northudge yes
terday the court said the offense was an
exceedingly serious one, and called foI
severe punishment, but as the prisoner
had entered a plea OF guilty he would
only give him one year in Jail.
SorthniSe has a successful record as a
pugilist and was the winner of many
middleweiGht battles in the ring.