Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1897-02-25

Condensed from Farmers Review
Stenogranhjc RenortN

Condensed from Farmers Review
Stenographic Report.)
Prof. Haskins of Chicago was present
and spoke on educating the children on
sociological lines. He represents the
Columbia College of Good Citizenship.
+. d. Voris spoke on the cultivation
of the apple orchard for the first five
years. Lay off the ground and plant
the trees by November, setting them
80 or 40 feet apart. Give Minkler,
Northern Spy and the like wider space
than fruit like Grimes Golden. Plant
at a good depth, two or three inches
deeper than they stood in the nursery.
If the weather in the fall is not right,
then plant as early in the spring as pos
sible. Protect the trees against rab-
bits by wrapping the trees. Another
pest to be guarded against is the borer.
Dig them out with a knife or a wire.
They are worse than rabbits, because
they will follow an orchard as long
as it lives, while the rabbits will not
trouble a tree after its first five
years Of growth. In preparing the
ground, give it good culture. Trim the
trees very little. Keep the caterpillars
and other worms we'll picked off. Corn
is q better crop to plant in an orchard
than any other, because it will protect
the trees to some extent. The corr
will also furnish food to some insects
that would feed on the leaves of the
fruit trees, were the 20 not there. 1t
lis a mistake to leave orchards in grass,
for it will attract insects, which, their
food failing, will take to the trees. This
has been my experience.
Mr.. Phillips-The gentleman speaks
of removing in the spring the wrap
ping that protected the trees in the
winter. Recently l read in a paper an
article advocating leaving on the wrap
ping as a partial protection in the
summer. I leave mine on all summer.
Mr.. Voris-If you leave them on they
afford a great retreat for the borers.
Mr.. Morris-I do not believe that
there is any need of having borers in
an orchard, or any rabbits. l paint my
trees with paint containing among 9TH
er things white lead, the whole mixed
with fish oil. We also put on coal oil.
We begin with one or two-year-old
trees in the nursury. and we have nc
trouble with anything. We use each
season about Is pounds of white lead.
This we mix with n gallon of linseed
oil and dilute the whole with five gal
Ions Of coal oil.
Mr.. Augustine think we should be
careful how we recommend painting
trees, for we may make some fellow
lose his orchard. AS to wrapping, ]
leave the paper on for three years.
MI. Morrill, can't understand why
some men a put coal oil on their trees
and have them survive. when Other
men have tried 1t and lost their en-
tire orchards. Men in my state have
tried 1t and lost their trees. 1t may
do we'll for some, but It is not a safe
thing to recommend for all. There have
been made in our state some expert.
ments along this line. Some of the or.
chards have survived. but others have
died. J. H. Hale of Connecticut, a vet.
eran orchardist, has a formula that
he recommends and uses with good re.
suits. Other men have taken that for
mula and had ruinous results from 1t
One man lost 40 acres of trees by 1t. Sc
there must be something in conditions
that makes the difference. I think thai
e tpee will stand vegetable pills. suct