New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-10-24

who sometimes make fortunes but this is owing
to the cdu -ation IN y have received or to the
leisure they have enjoyed. which is likewise a
privilege. The average toll levied by capital
on labor is estimated at 10 per cent. in other
words. the workman with wages gives half the
time TO his master for nothing" To use Kari
Marks expression. capital is simply labor not
paid for" Wages. moreover. owing 10 compe-
tition. IN - an inevitable tendency To fall be
low the level strictly necessary for existence
Such are the chief economical arguments OF
the CollcCtiyists The points they aim at are as
follows: Raw materials and utensils must be
come the property Of society: the right to live Is
mi rescrptihle and overrides vested rights
which ARE only hallowed 10y legality OF when
the possessing class has always alone been
creator. When property is no longer mSopo-
lied by a class. society vii be able indefinitely
70 increase general production. to render IL CO.
extensive with the workngmans wants in
stead Of restricting it. as is now the case seeing
that produce can only be worked on IN pro
portion as there are buyers able 10 pay Tor IL
Producers cannot buy back their own pr"duct-
which. once out Of their hands. are huiden''
with the charge paid To the middlemah. :" th''
"one sees thousands Of starving and ragged men
n front Of piles Of goods Of every kind or IL
front or powerful machinery H' i'HN'i 80 ~
lion. because those who possess it have n
further interest in keeping it going. IT, on 'h'
contrary. the means Of production became the
property Of society this machinery W"uld h"'
stop. because workmen might always buy back
what they had produced. The capitalists mas
ters merchants and parasites" would have dis
appeared or be transformed into producers So
cicty would create new apparatus on the largest
., OH h. ula of human labor BN All
these means the task OF each individual would
b.. infinitely frightened. Society. owning vast re
sources might take charge Of the inirm. the
ola md those who have been disabled in the
course OF their work. and it might give cduca
tio,. to tho children.
THE FIRST SOC1AIISTIC PROGRAMME
As NJ Rocncfori declares. this Is the first time
that Socialism has drawn up its programme
and mapped out it's tactics. The Coliectivists
never fail 20 take advantage If every economic
question that presents itself. but they also turn
each incident or episode Of everyday occur
renee into 4 weapon against the Government
The high price Of bread was worked FOR all II
was worth from Socialist point IF Wow. and
Jaurei has won considerable popularity by pro-
posing as a solution Of thu bread problem that
the Government itself should cTjoy the no
nopoly IF the importation Of wheat In Other
words the state should become A grain W"r-
chant and throw wheat upon the markets
throughout the country, Or store ID in tn" war"
houses. according as The necessity should arise
for making its price dcarer OF cheaper A an
example OF how smaller matters are utilized by
the Socialists the recent incident may be cited
of a court-martial in Algeria, where a soldier
found guilty Of striking his superior officer was
sentenced To death and executed The entire
Ia lical press forthwith called th- President 81
the Republic and his Ministers "murd ,rcrs and
assassins." and demanded that IN time 81 pea q
all soldiers accused Of committing crime 81
grave misdeIncanor be tried BY a civil tribunal
Guosde and Jauros in the course ~ their con
Versations expressed very strong Views against
the Russian Alliance and agreed that any ar
rangcment between a representative and an au-
cratic government was unnatural.
Talking about the desire Of all Socialists for
peace G6raul Richard. the Editor Of the Petite
RCpublique.' and deputy from Paris. said:
French Socialists make no distinction whatever
as TO nationality. The German. the Rus
sian. the English the American and the Italian
are all on the same footing for they all suffer
from the same cncroachment Of capital We
Socialists are thoroughly peaceful. and in carry
ing out own ideas we ncve: countenanc"
any hing like violence: nor is any actual use of
means not recognized by law cOuntcnanced by
us. Scientific Socialism is pre-emincntly pacific.
and will remain so, no matter under what provo
cation"
In reply to questions as to what was the exact
position occupied by Louise Michel III the So
cialist hierarchy. and whether her intended prop
uganda in the United States was sanctioned
by the Socialist leaders. the unanimous reply
was that Louise Michel was in no way con-
nccted with the Socialist movement now pre-
vailng in France. Louise Michel said Gt-