davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Houma courier. (Houma, La.) 1878-1939, 1897-10-02

nnashlal Condition exists in thin
Parish, as we'll as throughout the
onsirs augar belt Of Louisiana, We beg
to place before yOur honorable body,
tie following. for your consideration /:
During tile grfndfag season HE labor
provided b. this Parish is insufficient
to save our crops, and annually, a
great many lab0ters are brought here
under contract frsm distant points and
from New Orleans. This labor con
sisfS of both tho ordinary aud skilled
mechanics wOrkmen.
III ia not necessaF4 tQ dwell DION tile
impottanceM having Eiiis labor tor the
present large crop; tie gbn tlemen al
the Boards know IL.
During similar conditions IN former
Years labor was handled III this state
and btier states through CAMPS OF
detention.
These catips we're conducted Under
the regulations of the United States
Marine Hospital Service. whete men
were, under stlict sufveillance, Held a
specified timc and then If found IN
good healtR we're permitted td depart
20 tlieir respective lestiuat t,liifs.,
There has ne3ef been recorded to
tie bsst IF our knOWlsdge and belief a
case Of yellow fever coming directly
from a detention camp. These cahiYs
are cOhdhcted in q like manner To Onr
perfhahent Guarantee Station for tile
ihspection Of vessels from infected
pDrta and IRE eDihsidsr6d safe ~ our
State authorities and Is the United
States aniRoIities.
We RESPECTFULLY request that this
nnilef 6s taken ip and favorably con-
sileted, and as tIis time is short before
grinding, we trust that such m0diica-
ton Of tho exisring quarantine rt.g9la-
lions can lie made ms 10 allow lilo
placing III detention camlp at All early
date; where The labor needed III tile
PaFish Of TsrfeBOine can DC held aud
allowed I'd c6tHe III after tie Usual
f~Drinality.
10 fuIlicrcafIy out successfully this
plan Wo place OHrselvesat grseryice
and tally feaIiging tito npcEessits of a
Strict quatantire Hgaiiist places ihfec-
ted with yellow fever; We Reartiiy
approve the COURSE yp,i have falIbwed
TO Reep ttett IT tie Parish aid II his
emaiisGti0a No beg I dssire S0u III 0nr
hli tp-bnsi5 I'M
During ilih hkiiif pcli.,it r~iiivlritd
by tile fissts fNS ~, rs ihi hayt at,c;i
wllll aiall i.e, iIlrsn silti ft.i:,i ~
feel c~ettsiii Hlit $Ssiu viii cqnss. ! G,f.
apluai aiisl asf fis3rglHa upon il.
WITH assH abrrs ifl higti ;strim,
We aIh,
The Houma courier. (Houma, La.) 1878-1939, 1897-10-02

AF AFSttsttA aHtttH,
Lover Tel,cnuiii. lfi's y Ii's Co
elias M,ashb,is; ptbsI:
II u ksSblflnlkr,
Cinss, Aagahilt5
al q Ifla
&. nv i{ottgs
Eilflrirr HOS.
McDOis Ism n Gn.eIe
Cnyke a. PRE- init
4 Afiiur
ErN1i II Jaslrbdi~Ei, NJ. Il,
n Il Barrow
81 liOnvllaiN, Agt,
GAiihiirf . Magmiiis
Ralph BisIand
kasi,,p UlvllI
Harry Esge
H. g. Bush
Al. @. f4fieno.
The Houma courier. (Houma, La.) 1878-1939, 1897-10-02
OFFICES MAIN sT.

katersd AZ the Houma 4. O. hs second
class masI mAtker.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18
House.to.House housekeeping.

Why should not staff of servants be
organized to do, at any rate, the rough
er part of the domestic service In, say,
fifty or n hundred federated house
holds, just in the same way that sin
gle staff could be organized to cook
their meals? Why should l not pay
SO much year, either to bona fide
cooperative society, or to a private
Spectator, to have my beds made. my
floors scrubbed, my knives and boots
cleaned, and other similar work per-
formed at stated hours every day and
every week? The agency which I'M
dertook to perform this service would
organize its workers just rs do other
agencies which at present undertake
to keep our gardens in order, to clean
our boilers, sweep our chimneys, or
clean our bicycles; and the labor diff
Guilty which meets us In domestic SER
vice as at present organized would
consequently be Observation-Disclosures
Truth.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18
Might Have Been a Chimney.

In a certain Georgia neigbborhood,
says the Atlanta Constitution, a farm
er had two boys who fairly fiourished
on red clay. All efforts to break them
OF the habit proved futile, and they
had been given over as hopeless cases.
One night one of them was missed from
home, and search for him proved una
vailing. His brother had left him in
the clay bank, where he had burrowed
a hole.
Late next morning n farmer went to
that identical clay bank for material
to build chimney, and dug him out
while loading his wagon.
That night, after giving the boy a
good whipping. his father went to
prayer meeting, and delivering his
experience, said:
II feel thankful to the Lord for the
providence he showed to my little clay
eatin' John this morning; for Brother
Jones wus a-makin' Of a chimbley, and
he loaded John up with the other clay,
an ef 1t hadn't been fer. Providence
John might er been a part OF that
chimbly now-a-smokin' an a-smokin',
fur from his friends an loved ones! I
want a prayer er thanksgivin' ter be Of
fered up in this here meetin' right
now. Brother Johnson, will you lead
usT"
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

Agricultural College, and State Uni
versity Of Iowa, graduating from the
law department Of the latter Institution
in 1877. He removed to Nebraska and
engaged In the practice of law, was
elected to various offices, among them
member Of the Legislature Of that
State in 1882, prosecuting attorney for
his district In 1885, and reelected In
1887. He resigned In 1880 to accept IN
appointment as United States attorney
for the district of Alaska and served
in that capacity four and One-half
years, being the only attorney who ever
served full term in Alaska. After the
expiration Of his term he settled in in
neau, Alaska, and continued the prac
tice of law. He was elected delegate
to the Republican convention at st.
Louis in 1896, and was chosen national
committeeman for Alaska.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18
LINES ON THE FACE.

They Tell the Life Story of the Indi-
xidua1 with Remarkable Accuracy.
Everybody who possesses character of
any sort Is laying n system Of railway
lines on his face which, as old age ap-
proaches, will tell his life story and the
kind of man he is more clearly than
he could tell 1t himself.
Look at the leash lines" in SIX etch No.
1. A constant hypocritical raising Of
the forehead has made those forehead
lines, V-shaped under the eyes, on the
baggy chin, mouth and cheek semi-cir-
Giles, and those little upward curves in
the eye-corners.
Face No. 2 has not made the best OF
things. Everything is wrong, say the
dropping lines at either side Of the
mouth. And'the CHA itself Is study
In woebegone irritability.
No. Is man who persistently makes
the best of things. Life with him is a
perpetual circus, and the lines in his
face have gradually formed themselves
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

passage upon them "of wagons and other
carriages, with men and horses or other
WISE" The public were to be free ito use
with horses, cattle and carriages" the
roads formed by the company on payment
Of the authorized rates between certain
hours. 1t Is clearly obvious from this that
the projectors of the line had no clear
conception as to the scope and operations
Of their railroad.
Some time elapsed after the passage Of
the act for the construction of the railway
before any steps were taken to carry 1t
into effect. Toward the close of 1921
Stephenson called on Pease and strongly
urged the adoption OF the locomotive on
the new road. The inventor made so good
an impression that he was soon after ap-
pointed engineer OF the line, conducted a
personal survey of every foot of the route
and began active preparations for build
ing the road.
Estimate of the Cost.
In making his first estimate of the cost
he set down &c, 200 for stationary engines,
not even mentioning locomotives. His
reasons for this will be apparent when it
is known that the whole question of steam
locomotive power was in those days,
among practical and scientific men alike,
largely in doubt. He preferred TO quietly
impress upon the stockholders the wis
dom OF adopting q method he was conf
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

driven through the narrow shoot, one
at a time, on to metal covered trap
door that lies horizontally with one
end projecting over the vat. This door
is fixed on horizontal pivot, and when
the animal reached the far end his
weight would bear it down and before
he would know IL he would plunge
head first into the chemical bath be-
low.
The animal is completely submerged
by the fall into the six feet of 1iuid and
upon rising cannot escape from the in
voluntary bath without swimming
over twenty feet to the other end of the
vat. where the ascent Is an inclined
plane provided with footholds. At the
top the steer is allowed to stand for
awhile and drip, when the gate is open
ed and he is allowed to go with his
fellows into pens prepared for their re-
ception. These pens are carefully ex-
amined at certain intervals after being
dipped and notes taken. They are
driven back to the vat and redipped IL
found necessary.
So far it does not appear that the eX-
periments have proved n decided sue
cess. the end in view having been only
partially attained. Experiments are
now being continued. with the addition
of West Virginia black oil. which. 1t is
promised, will destroy all the ticks.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

Pennsylvania ranking next with over
1900. New York State has nearly 5000.
The District of Columbia closes the list
with thirty miles.
The first rail of the Stockton and OAR
lington road was laid May %, 1892. and it
required three years and four months to
complete twenty-one miles OF single track.
In 1887 the Manitoba system was extend
ed through Dakota, a distance OF 54o
miles, between April 2and Oct. ia few
days over half year. From the rude be-
ginning in England less than three-quar-
tiers of century ago has grown stu
penduous system that has revolutionized
the commerce of the world-that has rev.
olutionized the world itself, annihilated
space and made subservient to the will OF
man. There are to-day over $3O.OOO,OOO,-
600 invested in the railroads of the world.
one-tenth of the total wealth OF civilized
nations. More than 100000 men are
employed in constructing, equipping and
operating the railways of the United
States. The standing srmies and navies
of the world approximate in round num-
bers 100000 men--the wealth destroy
ers. How much more powerful is the
wealth-producing army of American
workingmen who have changed the whole
basis Of civilization from the military to
the industrial!
When one studies the evolution of the
railway he Is lost in wOnderment at the
giant strides that have been made during
a period so comparatively short. In the
early stages of its development it met
with the strongest opposition, in many in
stances force being employed to prevent
its progress. The stockholders of the
canal systems and the stage coach lines.
and even certain classes Of workingmen
under the mistaken idea that the extern
sion OF railroads means n decrease i'm the
demand for manual labor, united their
forces and fought their imaginary COM
mon enemy. Parliament took part in the
proceedings, and the promoters of the in
itial lines were subjected to the most scru-
tinizing cross-examinations. When the
first road was opened a great concourse
of people assembled 10 witness the event,
and while few were there to rejoice
IL the undertaking proved successful. the
majority Of the spectators were anticipat-
ing the pleasure of seeing the bubble
burst" This opposition continued for
many years, aud was only dissipated when
1t had been demonstrated beyond dispute
that the commercial interests of the coun-
try were advancing to ~ state that had
never been attained before the introduc-
ton Of the new traffic system.
On this small stretch Of track between
Stockton and Darlington the great rail
ways of the world had their beginning
But even this small beginning was long
time in coming. 1t seems strange to us
now at the present day, with the wonder
full development of steam and electricity
brought so wildly before us, and made a
part of our daily lives, that men within a
period remembered by persons now living
should be so blind to the advancement of
public and private interests as to actually
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

The railway antedates the invention of
the practical locomotive, although the his
tory of the one Is contemporaneous with
the other. Wooden railways upon which
coal was drawn from the mines by horses
were in use at an early day in Northum-
bcrland and at Wylam. where Stephen
sons father worked, the first locomotive
was put in operation between the coal pit
and the loading quay. In 1191 Saint
Fond, a French traveller, spoke In high
terms OF the colliery wagonways in Eng
land. which greatly facilitated the work
Of the horses, and he strongly urged upon
his own countrymen the economy with
which coal was thus hauled to the ship
ping places as nn inducement to them to
adopt a similar mode Of transit. Wagon
roads Of the same character were laid in
the colliery districts of Scotland at CON-
paratively early period. During the Scotch
rebellion in 1145 there was a railway be-
tween the Tranent coal pits and the small
harbor OF Cockinzle in East Lothian.
These wooden tracks were the germ Of the
modern railway. With the advanced ideas
of the workmen improvements gradually
came and in some collieries thin plates of
iron were nailed upon the upper surface
of the wooden rails to afford protection
from friction. 1t is probable that the first
iron rails were aid at Whitehaven in
1913. Twenty-nine years later five or SIX
tons of rails were cast for the Coalbrook-
dale Iron Works in Shropshire, and in
177G cast iron rails nailed to wooden sleep
ers were laid at the Duke of Norfolk's
colliery near Sheffield. The laboring peo-
pie Of the district were so incensed al
what they imagined was trespassing on
their rights that they tore up the road
burned the coal piles and doubtless would
have seriously injured John Carr, who
constructed the line. had he not sought
concealment in a wood.
Origin of Tramways.
William Jessop laid line at Loughbor-
ough, in Leicestershire, in 1889, using the
cast iron edge rail, with fianges upon the
tires of the wagon wheels to keep them
from slipping off the tracks. In 1900 Ben
jamin Outrom substituted stone props fol
timber TO support the ends of the rails
This plan was generally adopted and the
roads became known as "Outram" roads,
and subsequently,. being abbreviated
formed the words tram roads" or tram.
ways"
In this way the early railways--we
slowly improved. As yet they were mere
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

C.. 8. johnson Of Alaska, Whose Jurfs-
diction Is One-sixth of United states-
Charles Sumner johnson, recently APP
pointed by President Mckinley judge
Of the United States Court for the dis
trict OF Alaska, exercises Jurisdiction
over a domain vastly greater than that
Of any Federal judge In the Union. 1t
embraces an area Of nearly 100000
square miles, with a coast line longer
than that of all the Atlantic. Pacific
and Gulf States combined, and his jur-
isdiction is nearly one-sixth of the
whole territory of the United States
1t extends from south to north from
latitude "a degrees 40 minutes sixteen
and two-thirds degrees) to latitude n
degrees 20 minutes, and from east to
west from 40 degrees west longitude
OF degrees 20 minutes) to 172 degrees
40 minutes east longitude. The position
of judge for this country of immensities
Is no sinecure. The greatest hindrances
to the prompt administration of justice
are the lack of transportation facilities,
the great distances, want of means for
communication, and the difficulty Of Sc
curing competent and reliable juries.
/ Judge Johnson was born in cabin
In Jones County, Iowa, In 1854; edu-
Gated In the high schools Of Clarinda,
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

ons. He had tried several Of the un-
wieldy inventions of the day and was be-
coming the laughing stock Of his acquaint-
ances, who regarded him as monomaniac
on the subject of steam motive power.
While Blackett was experimenting at
Wylam George Stephenson was racking
his brains to the same end at killing
worth, where he had been appointed en-
gine-wright of the collieries. Blackett
paved the way for Stephenson. Profiting
by the failures of the locomotives of the
past, Stephenson planned and constructed
his first locomotive in 1914, naming it My
Lord, after Lord Ravenswood, the prin-
cipal owner OF the Killingworth colliery,
who advanced the money. This locomo-
tive, which was afterward known as the
Butcher, while great improvement on
all previous machines, was very cumber-
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

.
AS the potato is so largely water 1t
might be supposed that 1t Is not Mt all
exhaustive. But the potato crop Is
always sold from the land. instead Of
being fed on 1t. The only thing that
the potato takes from the soil Is pot
ash, and this is largely found In Its
leaves and stems. The tubcrs also
contain some potash. and II Is this
which blackens The knives and hands
Of those who peel and cut potatoes.
A large crop Of potatoes 1t is estimated
will take one hundred pounds of pot
ash per acre from the soil. Only heavy
land can stand this drain. Even what
potash such soils contain is largely uu-
available, because 1t has combined
with sand and has formed a silicate
of potash, Sandy soils are generally
deficient In potash, and what they
have Is not in an available form for
use by crops. a1
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

DRINKING FOUNTAIN. pllls lor IL cents
each and some small pans for 10 cents
A small hole was made in the bottom
Of each pail, which was then filed
with water and set in the middle of a
shallow pan. A board cover was placed
OH top. A space Of one and one-half
inches between the pail and the outside
of the pan is sufficient. This allows
plenty Of room for drinking, but the
young birds cannot get into the water
and foul 1t. Care should be taken to
quite small.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18
Overshirts for Stable Use.

There Is much dirty work about the
stable, which, together with hairs from
animals, will make the clothes dirty
and extremely offensive. 1t is the
habit Of some men who take pride in
their personal appearance, as every
one should, to have made two stout
shirts, one of which can be slipped on
quickly before the stable work Is done.
This prevents the necessity Of carry
ing stable odors into the house. Most
of the chores about the stable are done
before breakfast, and there will be a
better appetite for the first meal of
the day If stable OdOrs are kept on.
Of the room. 1t will also effect a great
saving of clothes to keep them free
from these odors, which require fire..
quent washing to remove.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

thick who sought motive power to super
sede horses, and while some produced very
meritorious works none met the tests re-
quired of them. There were Blenkinsop
of Leeds, who had an engine with toothed
wheels that ran upon cogged rail: Chap
man of Newcastle. who employed sys-
TEN Of chains, and Brunton OF Derby
shire, who invented mechanical trav-
eler' to so upon legs, working alternate
ly like those of horse. These and sim
liar contrivances projected about the same
time show that invention was actively at
work and that many minds were trying to
solve the traction problem. Blackett, a
colliery owner of Wylam, whose tramway
ran by the house where George Stephen
son was born, was one of the most persist
ent Of capitalists in his endeavors to OBJ
tain locomotive to haul his coal wag-
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18
T is sevcnfy-two years since the first

r T Is sevcnfy-two years since the first
railway in the world was opened TO
Il the public for general traffic. The
Stockton and Darlington line OF England
began operations Sept. %. 1929, with
about twenty-0ne miles of single track.
To-day there are over 315.OOO miles OF
railways intercrossing the earth. In the
United States alone there are 10000
miles of tracks, more than enough to Cir
die the globe fourteen times with single
rails, while the combined railway systems
of the world would be sufficient to open
trunk line between the earth and the
moon, with over $4,000 miles to spare
for branch lines and sidetracks. The total
mileage OF the United States Is nearly
equal to that of all the other countries
put together. Illinois, with over 10000
miles of tracks. leads all the other States.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18
scorched Grain for Hens.

Where hens are fed large amounts Of
corn newly husked, and not thorough
ly dried, their digestive apparatus be-
comes disordered. This is often RENE
died by heating the corn to the point
of scorching. Hens will eat this
scorched corn quite readily, and they
will be the better for 1t. But partly
burned oats where the hulls are burn
ed off and only the blackened grains
are left are even better than scorched
corn. This is really the best way to
feed oats to hens. The hulls make
the food more bulky than is best for
them. as their crops are limited, and
the light, chaffy grain does not give
sufficient nutrition for the best egg
production.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-11-18

some and clumsy. II, however, answered
the purpose for which it was intended
very well and was regarded at the time
as wonderful piece of mechanism. The
inventor made many engines after that,
but none gave him as much satisfaction
as this first rude locomotive.
Among the men of this period who were
forming projects for the construction Of
railways in the important districts of pop
ulation were William James Of West
Bromwich and Edward Pease of Darling
ton. James was exceedingly interested
in the question of traction power, and
though ne had made no personal inven-
tons he performed as great service to
the public when he found and appreciated
George Stephenson. AS early as 1903
James published an article in which he
stated he contemplated the projection of
a railway between Liverpool and Man
chester. He had many other railway
propositions under way, but nothing came
of them, except to stimulate the demand
for better transportation facilities.
Edward Pease was man of an entirely
different character. He was not so am
bilious as james, and it seems he at first
only contemplated horse tramroad be-
tween Stockton and Darlington, but as
he proceeded with the project and after
he had had an interview with Stephenson
he became an earnest convert to the loco
motive system. What Pease first con-
templated was the means of selling coal 1t
the stations along the line of the proposed
railway. He did not dream of the outlet
that would be afforded to other markets,
and such a thins as n passenger convey
ance never entered into his calculations.
After one unsuccessful attempt in parlia-
ment the Stockton and Darlington rail
way act was finally passed April 10, 1921.
The projectors did not originally contem-
plate the employment of locomotives, for
in the act they provide for the making
and maintaining of the tramroads for the