davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
Cash PUT TO USE
ADAE RESERVE In NEW YORK
BANKS REDUCED BY EIGHT
MILLIONS.
SHOWING IS FAVORABLE.
"sS NAVE Expanded DURING
THE PERIOD IN QUESTION
ELEVEN MILLIONS,
INDICATIVE OF BETTER aBUsiNEss.
"1css holdings Finding an Outlet
Ah an enlargement of IN Bust
ness of the Country.

NEW YORK, Feb. 13.-The Financier
says: A further shrinkage in the re-
serves of the New York clearing housa
D&hks, coming after the previous weeks
decrease, makes the total contraction
Tor the past fourteen days SIS, 500. 825. In
the same time the decrease in cash
was $6,324, zoe. This is favorable from
a banking point Of view, especially
since loans have expanded during the
same time nearly 81, 900, Geo. but the
excess reserve Of the banks is still S51.-
8,225, and the outlook for better rates
in the money market is not visiblv
brighter. A factor Of some importance
in the situation at present is the rapid
contraction Of circulation. The de-
crease to the present time, counting Oc-
tober, has been about $4,000 900, and as
the normal average of the New York
banks is slightly under $14,000, 900, a
further reduction is to be looked for
The movement will be slower from now
on, for the reason that the $4,000, 600
monthly limit on circulation decreases
by the treasury has been reached
The changes in the statement for the
week are indicative of better business.
While some of these changes ordinarily
WOulO not De important they are
worthy Of attention at present, as re-
vealing a lighter movement of cur
rency to this center. The falling off ia
probably not so much on account Of the
low interest rates on balances as be-
cause of a renewed demand for loans
in other quarters, and this of itself Is
rather important. The incident veri-
f1es the forecast made some time since
in this analysis-that the banks could
not look for relief through gold exports.
and as further bond loans were out
Of the question, a domestic expansion
in business afforded the only measure
of profit, Up to this time the CONNER
cial activity has not been so marked.
but the changes in the statements show
that business is giving signs Of a re-
vival the extent of which cannot be
judged at present with any degree of
cePtainty
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
A COMMON BOND.

1t is not without it's significance or
it's value that three organizations diff
fering so widely in their membership,
their political affiliations and their
views of public questions as those
which celebrated the occasion, on Fri
day evening, in st. Paul, should be
found uniting to do honor to the birth
day of Abraham Lincoln 1t is but the
span of a single generation since this
man died a. victim to sectional hate,
and since the news of his death was
received with open or covert rejoicing
by a large portion of the people. Only
little while ago he was regarded as
the leader of a faction in the nation,
and his title to greatness was ques-
toned. Today the memory of Abra-
ham Lincoln is sanctified in every
heart. He is the true peoples repre-
sentative, and all parties and all fac
tons vie with one another in doing
honor to his name, and in endeavoring
to show that their cause, whatever it
may be, has his Endorsement in word
or in act.
We find, in this disappearance
Of rancor and in this quick ac-
quiescence in the popular estimate Of
Lincoln's greatness, that common bond
which most of all we could wish to dis
cover among our people. 1t is the bond
of patriotic thought and feeling. Abra-
ham Lincoln is more than all else
type Of the American patriot. More
even than Washington do we put him
in the forefront and rest upon his char
acter and his work as the realization
Of the best that this new world Of ours
has produced; for the making of Wash
ington'S character was scarcely ours.
He sprang from the sturdy stock Of the
old world, and some Of it's best blood
filled his veins. While the United
citizens, Great Britain is coming to
claim him as a great rebel of her own
race.
But Lincoln was all American. He
came from the people like some rich,
rare growth, springing from the soil as
IL ny Miracle. lie Key nOIe VI HE
was fidelity to duty, obedience to the
right as he saw it, and absolute service,
to the limit of self-sacrifice, to the peo-
pie. Such a man fills the definition Of
the patriot. We can all have our diff
ferences and urge them one with an
other with what heat we please; we
can challenge each others views or
policy and doubt each others wisdom
without danger, if we know that err
rorS are Of the brain and not Of the
heart, and that beneath all there lies
the patriotic inspiration that makes us
one. Such is the promise Of this har-
mOnious uniting each in his separate
sphere Of Democrat and Republican
and Populist, of men Of all shades Of
opinion upon economic theories and leg
islative acts. All do homage in cele-
brating the memory Of Abraham Lin
coin the patriot, and confess them
selves thereby to be the followers of
that high ideal. With that common
bond between all our people, we need
not fear 10 face future full of uncer-
tainty and Of danger.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

upon the happy phrase of steam SHOW
ell correspondence for the Industrious
"aggregators'' of capital, and the words
killed the industry in a week. 1t was
only necessary to repeat them, and the
most high-fying word painter came to
his senses and talked both English and
business.
There is ample opportunity just now
for clever phrase-maker to win the
gratitude not only Of the business world
but Of the reading public. The credulity
of both has been strained dangerously
close to the breaking point. If the
present manufacture of fiction goes
on, there will be doubt as to whether
there ever was a rail pool; and, admit
ting that fact, whether anything has
happened to it. The fact that the ro-
mancers are approaching finish with
rapid strides is confirmed by the asser-
ton, gravely telegraphed by a Cleve-
land correspondent, that iron men at
that point are willing to admit that
there is a prospect Of an alliance be-
tween the Minnesota Iron company and
the Illinois Steel company; very shortly
the name of Mr.. Rockefeller will be as
ISOLATED with the Standard Oil com
pany, and then it will be all over The
public can forget the rail pool trou-
bles and pay a proper amount of at
tention to Crete and Cuba, which are
being in measure neglected.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
ROsIANCING CORRESPONDENTS.

A deal Of industrial romance has been
woven about the demise Of the late Ia
mented rail pool. 1t is probable that
the combination went to a natural
death after the way of all trusts which
get so large that they die Of fatty de-
generation, or put up prices so high
that they prohibit business and then
starve to death. So prosaic a death is
not at all suited to the uses of men
who have stories to write, and they
have turned on the red fire till the end
has been transformed into the tragedy
climax Of a transforming melodran,a
Such course seems a necessity in the
matter Of any enterprise with which
the name of Mr.. Rockefeller is assoc
ciated In the early days of the Me-
saba boom, when the combination
now known as the Lake Superior Con-
solidated mines was in the process of
formation, the same thing was appar-
ent. The correspondents dealt only In
the most imposing of superlatives
'Stupendous aggregation of organized
capital was accounted a poor effort
IN those days, and he who could not
better it by several adjectives was soon
cistanced in the race for space at col
umn rates in the metropolitan Journals
Finally one of the trade papers hit
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
WOMAN AND LABOR.

The fact which comes most plainly to
the surface of the report just submitted
by the federal labor bureau, covering
the subject of the employment Of wom-
en-, is that the gentler SEX in crowd
ing their brothers out Of the industrial
field, have reduced the wage-earning
capacity Of the toilers Of the United
States. The deduction is a matter of
simple arithmetic There are a certain
number of places open in the United
States for those who are willing to toll.
In proportion as they are filled by wom-
en- they cannot be occupied by men.
In the great majority Of cases women.
their work being the same and Of equal
efficiency, are paid a lower rate of
wages than men are able to command
The proportion Of women so employed
is increasing, and the total wage paid
to the toilers of the country is decreas-
ing in exactly the same measure. This
is not stated as an argument against
the independence of women, or urged
as reason why they should not do
any work that suits their fancies or
necessities; it is a simple statement Of
fact, and the inference Is too obvious
to need comment.
The report only calls attention to a
new light on a subject that has long
been familiar. 1t has been no secret
that in the lighter lines of employment
office work being a conspicuous ex-
ample-women were slowly crowding
men out Of the field ana, in this case
to some extent, because their services
could be commanded for a lower rate
than would satisfy men. Now it is
known that the same thing is true in
other lines. extending to nearly every
branch of manual toll, excepting only
those where the labor is most ex-
hausting. The end Of this industrial
evolution is not apparent, but pressed
to it's logical conclusion the trend is
one to startle tyrant man. Continued
long enough, the time will come when
all work will be done by women. When
that day comes, the total wages re-
ceiVed by those who labor in the United
States will be reduced materially. This
evolutionary movement is one that has
received too little Of the thought and
the discussion of those most interested
in problems relating to labor.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
Discussed in Detail in a Russian
Official Report.

WASHINGTON, Feb. ia remark.
able document, in itself almost COM
pIete treatise on political economy i'm
the report Of the Russian minister OF
finance, transmitting the annual bud
get, a copy Of which has reached the
state department. The minister sue
emily discusses the respective merits
Of direct and indirect taxation. pro-
lection versus free trade, currency
questions, agriculture, economy ard
other important questions Of state pol
icy which have attracted more atten-
ton of late years in the United States.
He finds that indirect taxation is in
every way preferabl to direct taxa
ton, not only being less burdensOme
to the people, but being more easily
realized by the government. The re-
cent rise in the price Of wheat he re-
CARDS as a not altogether unmixed
blessing, and on the whole the balance
of benefit inClines to an abundant har-
vest, even at low prices. Russia. he
says, is passing through the process of
changing from a purely agricultural
life to a period of industrial and econ
C1nic activity, and while the impress
sion might be given that the bulk Of
the peasantry have grown poorer, in
reality they have remained on the
same level or even risen somewhat
The minister holds that the results
of twenty years protection in Russia
fully justify that policy He says
there can scarcely be any dispute that
once the government for a long period
of time has kept to a strict and con-
sistent system Of protection any SER
ious relaxation Of protection would be-
great political blunder, and would
jar the economic organization of the
community. This, however. does not
exclude the possibility while carefully
watching the development Of particu-
lar paragraphs in the tariff schedules,
in those cases when one branch or an
other is strong enough to withstand
foreign competition, and especially
when foreign countries, in return for
such a concession, agree to lower the
duties on agricultural products.
The minister gives a most interesting
history of the attempt to improve the
Russian currency system. He says the
purpose was to do this without dis
turbing business. without causing loss
and without enriching any one. and
place the currency on a firm founda-
ton, safe from shock. Great progress
was made in this direction during 1896:
the caShing of bank notes in gold at
the rate of one rouble, fifty copecks al
ready goes On, and it is now proposed
only to confirm what has been accom-
plished.
In conclusion. the minister speaks Of
the great Siberian railroad, which will,
he says, in 1898, or at latest 1892 reach
the Amoor from both ends, and with a
line Of steamers on this river, form q
direct line Of transportation across the
whole of Siberia. Reference is made
to the Chinese concession of a right Of
way through Manchuria for the road,
thereby shortening it 514 versts, and
the minister says the solution Of this
problem should be classed among the
most important successes Of the pacific
development Of mankind.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
''THE CRIMINAL IN THE OPEN"

Josiah Flynt, who has made a study
Of the tramp at close Cutters, gives
US view of the criminal when seen
lin the open," which is quite a differ
ent one from that he presents to the
penologist who only sees him in con-
finement. Flynt pursued the same
course in his observations of the GRIM
inal class that he did with the tramps.
meeting him when he was in his free
dom and when he was fully himself and
capable of being himself Manifestly
this method has a great advantage for
accurate observation over the one that
sees him only in durance vile, when the
man is subject to strict Discipline and
has every motive to deceive The re-
suit is that Flynt upsets almost every
conclusion the criminologists have
reached from their point of view, both
as to the nature of criminals. their
source, their dispositions and the effect
upon them Of our methods of treating
them when caught.
While the most Of them come from
the slums Of our cities or from homes
where the standards Of life are very
low, still it is not that life, but rather
a repulsion from it, a desire to rise
out Of it, aided by superior stock Of
energy and ability, that directs to
crime. It opens the quickest and cas-
lest path to property, the other paths
being either closed entirely or made
difficult Of access by the conditions of
life in which he hrs grown up. From
this source comes the tramp, less gifted
with energy and ability, which, in
others, makes the criminal He finds
none Of the indications Of criminality
in features or formation Of heads on
which some theories are built. The ma
jority Of those he has known would.
If well-dressed, pass muster in almost
any class of society,"" Prison life. If
long continued, leaves certain mark
upon them: but he notes that this ia
equally true of those who deal with
criminals officially.
The effect Of confinement upon the
criminal is a phase that has not
received sufficient consideration, he
thinks. In the open he has good
health, is capable Of great endurance.
even if he does come from the slurs
where the conditions are not REGARDED
as favorable to the development of good
constitutions, but after thirty. when he
has had several terms Of Imprisonment
he begins to break down physically. In
proof Of this facilitating effect Of con-
f1nement, he compares the criminal. re-
leased from ten-yeaF sentence. with
the tramp who has lived in the open.
and who is, he declares, "the healthiest
person in the world"
Neither has Flynt found the free
criminal abnormal mentally. He has
none Of that lack of will that criminol-
ogfsts ascribe to him FROM their OBJ
servations Of him when under restraint
and when any person would undergo
| change. His Impotence Is trait de-
veloped by confinement and, free. he
shares with his fellows Of the road
that stoical patience that mavsas the
most adverse Of conditions bearaISN. He
has found neither epilepsy nor inaanity
among his associates Of that cxnss in
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

employment. and a certain, even when
1t has to be decreasing wage. There
is no industry in the United States
suffering from depression today which
does not owe 1t to an abandonment or
reversal Of this natural law
Have farm products fallen tremen-
dously? Why? Because. by law. we
gave millions Of acres Of land to rail
road corporations to induce them to
build into the wilderness, and brought
over millions of immigrants to till
them. The Westw was developed. not as
the East, by natural growth. but under
high pressure and with artificial fore
ing. The consequence was such an in
crease of agricultural products as, COM
pared with the home demand for them,
has cut prices in two. Are our manu-
featuring industries similarly Distress
ed? Why?o Because, instead of leav-
ing them to grow naturally, as the de-
mand Of the people for different COM
modities dictated, the state offered i'm
mense money bonuses to help them.
What has happened in every case the
fortunes of the steel railmakers ex-
plain. First, the privilege of tax
ing the people for profit takes into
particular manufacture from two to
ten times as much capital as would
engage in it legitimately. This means
from To ton Of
that product will be put upon the mar
ket as the community which these con-
Germs supply demands. This means,
again, that they must combine to re-
duce output and raise prices. The
country thus comes into possession Of
useless machinery Of production, which
is supported by tax on the people,
and which gives a fitful employment
to men whose wages, measured by the
extent Of their enforced idleness, are
barely above the living point.
Again, we can see that the same
capital, left to distribute itself natural
ly among all employments, would have
found it's proper occupation, and would
not have given rise to this phenomenal
distress, as it has. which our Repub-
lican friends. call ''overproduction."
The only operproduction that is pos
sible is the, drawing into particular
industry of more.capital and labor than
it will sustain, and this can never hap
pen exceptseby legislative interference
with the play of demand and supply.
The only trouble with Bastiat is that
he could not foEesee. in his day, the
consummate flower Of that evil prin-
ciple which he was so quick to detect
and to oppose Take hands off and let
industries regulate themselves, and we
will hear no more Of overproduction,
just as we will cease to watch for those
alternating periods Of feverish excite
ment and dreadful stagnation in bust
ness which we now foolishly regard as
inevitable.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

their haunts, and the conception of
cially marked by these tendencies, he
intimates is due to the facility with
which they may be feigned by the cap
tured criminal for purposes of decep-
ton. AS indicating his ability to rea-
son, Mr.. Flynt says that the minute
he is satisfied that crime does not pay
he abandons the business" He may
not be sure that it will pay when he
begins, but he takes no greater chances
than ordinary business ventures as
sumo in this, and he looks to making
a haul that will enable him to retire.
After several terms of confinement he
is apt to give the job up as a bad one;
and, untitled for anything else, drops
back into the ranks of the tramp, to
whose mode of life he has become
habituated, and where he finds fellow
ship with those who have abandoned
their vocation and can keep touch with
those still pursuing it,
The old adage about honor among
thieves finds confirmation in his OBJ
servations of them in their hang
outs" Aside from the instructive GRIM
inal, who cannot help doing wrong, it
is, with the others, merely a matter Of
business, so much taken in property
and so much given, if caught, in serV-
itude. He stands up for his calling
when facing society. But when among
his fellows. the only place for accu-
rate observation, he is a very different
man. His code of morals there will
compare favorably with that of any
class of society" Fair dealing, loyalty,
truthfulness, generosity, comradeship
and charity distinguish him. He con-
cludes that the criminal is physically,
mentally and morally responsible; that
it is good penology to make him dis
couraged criminal, convinced that it
does not pay, and, when he becomes
a tramp, to continue the discouraging
process with him and his class, who
tramp because they make it pay, "pay-
ing" being getting a living without
work. The article, presenting the GRIM
inal from q novel point of view, by a
very competent observer, is a valuable
contribution to the study Of crime.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

cious In expelling a bad custom than
was the famous bull Of the pope in
stopping the mad career of the comet,
or King Canute's mandate to the in
flowing tide. So perverse is human ma
ture that it will have the contrary eff
feet, and men, deeming their personal
rights invaded, will treat and retreat
with increased vigor. merely to empha-
size their protest.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

WASHINGTON, Feb. 13.-Forecast for Sun
day; Minnesota-SnOw, followed by clearing
weather; northwesterly winds; colder in east
eTn portion.
Wisconsin, in the early morning, fol-
lowed by fair; colder; westerly winds.
South Dakota-Fair; warmer in western por-
ton: variable winds.
North pakOta-Probably fair, preceded by
local SHOWS in eastern portion; northwesterly
winds, becoming variable.
Montana-Partly cloudy; local SHOWS in
northern portion; warmer in southern;
southerly to westerly winds.
TEMPERATURES.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

The Texan who was sent over the
road for four years for marrying six
teen women is incorrigible. On the way
to the penitentiary he offered to wager
that he would marry daughter Of the
superintendent Of the prison inside OF
g month.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
Kentucky Tragedy.

LEXINGTON. Ky, Feb. 1s.-John W.
Mars, ex-city treasurer, today killed his
6-yearold son. He also shot his daughter and
sister. The ladies' will recover Afte~ at
tempting to kill the whole family, Mars killed
himself He had been in the asylum ten
years ago, but had since been well ard was
with wilson & Co., clethiers.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

Thomas A. Edison claims to have dis
covered new ray which will make
the human body transparent. If it is
success, it will not do any more to
tell whoppers to your physician as to
what you have been eating.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

Young Couple Of Missouri Make
Queer Promises at the Altar

COLUMBIA, No.. Feb. 1S.-A novel we'd
ding took place at stephens. this county, yes
terday. Before Mr.. and Mrs. William Irv-
ing were pronounced man and wife the latter
was made to promise at tho altar that she
would not wear boomers and ride bicycle.
The former was made to promise not to stay
out late to lodge. The couple explained the
peculiar ceremony by saying they expected
to live long while and wanted to guard
against the tendency OF the times.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
TEMPERATURES.
DAILY MEANS.

Barometer, %. 50; thermometer, 80; relative
humidity, So; wind, southwest; weather light
snow; maximum thermometer So; minimum
thermometer, %; daily range. 10; amount of
rainfall or melted snow in last twenty-four
hours. "A.
Notc-Barometer corrected for temperature
and elevation. p. f. Lyons, Observer.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

Tom Plat Is pretty good at seeing
an approaching storm. Who knows but
he is wholly willing that Black, Payn
and Aldridge should see what they can
do at the business of running the Re-
publican party of New York for the
next year or two?
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14

Dare" Reese we will have to call
him since he flung bold defiance full
in the face of the arrogant Spaniard.
and dared him to stay in Cuba a mo-
ment after the advance agent Of pros
perity gets his opportunity to say
that, by the eternal, Cuba shall be
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1897-02-14
Visited the Reformatory.

Special 70 the GIobe.
Piles. Dare. Jacobson, Scott and Schneider,
members Of the house appropriation COM
mittcc, paid a short visit this afternoon to
looked over these institutions with a view
to gaining better knowledge OF their needs