The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1897-04-16
lwrittsn for the Citizen.


clares DIR. Henry Armstrong in con-
trasting British with German indus
trial science, sand not only on account
of the restless. energy of her people; her
Government departments have attach
ed to them many active men engaged
in initiating or conducting scientific
Inquiries; aud when the various de-
partments are organized inter Sc the
the country will have in its service a
highly trained body of scientific ex-
perts guiding all branches of public
work and cooperating TO minimize
the faults of democracy. Aud univer-
sites are arising all over the country,
in which German models are being fol-
lowed, not English. 1t is safe TO pre-
dict that, ere many years are past, the
United States will suddenly burst into
prominence, and probably into pre-
dominance, as nation promoting sci
entific inquiries of all kinds, so surely
is foundation being laidn
A new fowl has been systematically
created in France by NJ Courtyard,
who has crossed the breed there known
as Gatinais with the bantam, aud elm
mated by selection those of the chick
ems having double crests and blue toes.
The final result is fixed dwarf breed
with rosy toes and single crests.
Pads hrnxx-r5 x-allAxru md hIonlyc =.
the scales of butterflies ankirmoths are
shown by Mr.. a. q. Mayer b Toe al.
ways due to pigments. Green's, blues,
vi0lets, pnrnles and whites are, usually
due 10 striae o. other slrpetlrar condi-
tions, bIit 41melItue rIgnetks Uric
aeid and ~ Aei lV4lion6 fllFnfsh many
Of the cofcfS. IRE drats or certain
moths are impaired by the blood. and
some brilliant reds, yellows, etc, result
from more complex pigments.
The ideal oil-resisting rubber has not
yet been produced, according To Mr..
w. l.. Terry. The hydrocarbons, as
petroleum and resin oils, are least inju-
rious to the rub Der used. while animal
and vegetable oils, represented 10y
sperm aud rape, are most destructive.
A singular experience in eable-re-
pairing has been lately brought to the
ptiCe of the London Institution of
.ectrical Engineers. The cable be-
-S%een the Senegal coast of West Africa
and Pernamhuco in South America
was laid five years ago. aud broke with
in three months some $50 miles from the
African coast On being repaired it
quickly broke again. Investigation
failed to show the usual well-detiued
cause, but instead the cable at this
point was found To be surrounded by a
great mass of what appeared to be
river well, in 0ich were birds festh-
ers, orange peal, gourds, scraps of car
pets, and other land debris, while the
sea changed TO the dirty brownish-
green, betokening the presence of fresh
river water. Yet all this was local, no
similar fiotsam appearing toward the
coast, while the nearest stream was 70
miles away with a flow in an opposite
direction. 1t was concluded that this
was the discharge of a submarine
stream, and the marks of chatting and
straining on the cable for about 900
feet, with the ores and metals fiShed
up, suggested that the water had here
AtNClNQ tAtOu&u ktAC SKA 0NAANtl ~ u
moderately heated portion of the earth's
interior, producing an explosive out
burst. Still another break of the cable
after changing its location has further
confirmed the Observation-Disclosures ex-
istence of curious submarine streams of
fresh water.
cloud measurements were begun in
1914. In that year, NJ. Scnreiber tells
the Belgian Astronomical Society, RE
doll and GTinaldi two Jesuits near
Bologna, by the usual trigouomeIric
method determined the height of
-oriaht white cloud TO be 5, 222 meters.
Ricciell mentions that another Jesuit.
of Meg, had learned that no clouds
were more than 400 metres high. He
speaks Of method Of measuring the
altitude e clouds by their shadow, and
thatof thGnds clouds he the time he-
tween the Lightning aud the report
Rlecioli was familiar with the lumj-
nous night clouds that have been lately
attracting 50 much attention.
The most important scientific discuv-
cry siuce the N-rSys OF ROentgep is
thought t. he that of DR. p ZeemaD