The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1897-07-11
NOTES ON so1rNoE AND INDUSTRY.

-
very favorable opinion is expressed in Nature of
Paulinss new and improved method Of drawing re.
lief maps, pronounced by experts in photographic art
n great advance on any system now in use. both in
respect OF accuracy and facility Of execution. A map
made in accordance with this system presents, in
efect, n closely contoured specimen or product.
printed on silvor-gray paper, the contour lines being
white where Illuminated by a source Of light sup
posed TO be ~forty.nve degrees above the western
horizon and black elsewhere. Level ~plateaus
and slightly sloping areas are sufficiently dis
tinguished by the natural gray color OF tho
paper. steep d~eclivities toward the west being
~lightened by closely drawn white lines, and
toward the east corrcspoadingly dnrkened by
black lines. tho departure from the normal gray
showing moro distinctly tho closer the lines. that is,
the sleeper the slope. with the characteristics thus
indicated. tits easy TO understand that the Pauling
method in this art has the much to DO appreciated
merit OF giving a clear idea Of ~steepness derived from
the contour lincs themselves; In addition to this,
there IL also presented the valuable feature OF being
able to avoid the confusion produced by tho shadows
occurring In some maps, that Ia. whore the illumina-
ton 10 supposed to como from tho horizon.
Among the moro recent applications Of electrical
ingenuity in practical though novel directions. men,
ton IL made of . refining and r~ectifyins company in
Philadelphia which purines common river water cleo.
trfcally. ozone being produced by the electric current.
which. when dinused in tho water. It Is claimed.
chemically changes and purines II, the company
originally started out r~cctifying syrups and alcoholic
~produets, in tho course OF which II was found that
even impure water could DO made potable. simi.
larry practical is tho movement reported as
now obtaining at the West, where coal 10
comparatively dear and water power abundant. viz.
the generating Of electricity without tho aid Of coal
or steam machinery. The point mado BY advocates
OF this plan 10 that the utilization of water by the use
- AH-A A.-A. --An- ~
ploymsnt for irrigation purposes, must yield q vast
amount Of power to DO converted into electricity and
trnnsmittcd for light and power purposes to consider
able distancesi the beginning in this line. some time
since made in California. u thought to be one that
promises wide imitation.
n sppearu that from the town Of Lee. in western
Massachusetts,, come some Of tho strongest marbles
In the world. a. they are found equal to bearing a
weight OF l8,<oo pounds to the cubic inch; but the
strongest American Limestone comes from Kingston.
N. Y. showing q capacity to stand 10. 900 pounds
pressure to the cubic inch. Tuckahoe marble
will bear 1880 pounds to tho cubic inch,
this being more than the wellknown red
granite OF the Bay Of Fundy region. the limit of
this latter material being ll.sla. The trap rocks of
Now jersey and the dolomites of Staten Island arc
rated thu strongest stones in the United States. their
crushing resistance being $4,000 pounds to the cubic
inch. Rhode Island granite brushes At IL. $50 pounds
TO the cubic inoA. that Of virginia will bear 1900
pounds, and that from the quarries of Maryland
lo,7oo pounds. New England granites. in general,
vary somewhat from these standards.
An Engiish inventor. name or location We do not
nnd given. Il said to have contrived . tool capable OF
being attached to any machine or apparatus having Q
transversing slide and q liked table. that will bend
cardboard without tho need OF q score cut, thus pre-
serving the full strength of the material at the bend.
The tool in question Is formed of metal or wood. and
10 in two parts. ono having a recess on one edge
and the other . straight edge. having the
upper edge rounded on to Mt into tho re-.
oess on the edge of tho nrt part. allowing space be-
tween equal to the thickness Of the substance to be
bent-tho length OF the straight edge to be made to
the longest bend required. In using the tool. the sec
ond mentioned part is made an1ture to the table
machine frame. or apparatus. and the nrst part IL
attached 20 the traversing portion. By placing the
cardboard to be bent on the straight edge. then slid.
ing tho second part over and along the board under g
certain amount Of pressure. q bend in the card will
be produced.
According to q new process described in the last
number Of the Yale Scientific Monthly the manufac-
ture OF mosaic floors has been brought within econom.
ical accomplishment and satisfactory attractiveneHs.
Small particles OF wood. such as sswdust. wood -four
and nne shavings, are treated first with a mixture Of
shellac and alcohol. and then with a cement made OF
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