davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Directions For Making a Hotbed.

Every winter we receive a number of
inquiries from readers asking for de-
tails in the construction of a hot bed
1t can be made any length desired ac-
cording to the amount of plants
wanted, say from Is to so feet or more
if desired. This is done by digging d
pit two and one-half feet deep and six
feet wide any length desired. The sides
can be boarded up with any kind of
rough lumber nailed to posts and raised
above the surface 20 inches at the back
and ten inches in front. Strips should
be nailed across the bed at about three
feet distance to hold up the sash or
canvas.
Use fresh manure from the horse
sta BILE adding to it one-half its bulk of
dry bedding. Bedding from native hay
is the best. This should be thoroughly
mixed, well trampled down and sprink-
led with water to hasten fermentation.
Be careful not to put on too much
water Fermentation will begin in "A
to As hours. Soil should be placed on
TO the depth of four 10 six inches. The
soil should be one-third well rotted
manure and two-thirds good loan well
mixed and pulverized and spread
evenly over the bed. In two or three
days after the bed begins to heat rake
it over to destroy the weeds which will
be sprouted, and put in the seed. Make
a mark with a lath from four to five
inches apart and cover one-fourth of
an inch deep with light soil mixed
with sand.
Water the bed as soon as it is
planted. Always use tepid water and
a watering pot with a fine rose spray.
Never let the surface become dry.
Water often but be careful not to use
too much at a time or it will cause the
bed TO cool off. The two most essen
tial points in managing a hot bed is TO
cover up well at night, giving air in
the daytime. A few warm nights Of
ten causes US to neglect them at nights.
Even if there is no danger from frosS
it will give q more uniform tempera-
ture to cover at night. The airing
should be governed by the condition
of the atmosphere. On bright sunny
days when the plants are an inch or
so high the covering should be left Off
altogether in the day time; but be sure
to cover at night or when a cold raw
wind is blowing.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
CAPITAL AND EXPERIENCE.
Suggestions to Beginners in Poultry
Raising.

Capital and experience go hand in
hand in the poultry business. They
are cola borers; both are necessary for
success. 1t is all folly to begin poultry
farming without money. and it is
equally a mistake to undertake it with
out experience. But man with eX-
perience can work on less capital than
one who has no knowledge of the bust
ness at all. A great many poultry
farms are started annually by men of
wealth, who must employ labor to
operate it. If they are able to secure
good, competent help they can estab-
lish the farm, but if they hire what is
known to be cheap labor, there will
be a loss from the start.
We have in mind a poultry farm
started by a millionaire. 1t was a
hobby with him, and yet he wanted
to see it pay its own expenses. I'm
mense hen houses, large broding houses
and poultry of all kinds, incubators,
etc, were at once purchased, and after
everything was in readiness he secured
a man who had a limited knowledge
of the business. With every conVen-
fence, the best of poultry and the
finest of houses, he secured second
rate man to run it because he could
secure him at a much less figure than
what a competent man would ask. The
damage, caused more loss in fowls,
matches, etc, the first year, than would
have paid double the wages that the
experienced man might have asked.
There was not much money in that,
and the proprietor saw his mistake
when it was too late. Today the farm
is being successfully run by the right
sort oe labor.
The moral is this: We must COM
oar nit "a a n
short of the one we must have larger
supply of the other. The capitalist
can employ the experience to more ad-
vantage than experience can secure
success without working capital. To
run IL debt for a poultry farm is like
placing a mortgage on mans wages.
The lesson is plain. All farms should
start small. Only breeding pen is at
first required. From that zen the
stock for the next years use must be
raised. and so on, step by step, must
the farm be built. BY beginning small
the advance can be made with less
money, and the experience will grow
with ii. BY the time large plant has
been reached success is assured. We
never --et saw a failure from a care
full, small beginning; we never yet saw
a success from a hasty, big jump.
Careful stepping is necessary to avoid
stumbling blocks. He who would make
a success of anything must begin at
the bottom round of the ladder and
gradually climb to the too.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Strawberries.
Rulletin 1Oa. New york expe.

Bulletin 100, New York experiment
station. treats upon the culture and
varieties of strawberries. In the eX-
periments here recorded, Strawberries
were fruited in one and two-year-old
beds, and. contrary to the usual ex-
perience. larger yields were obtained
from beds bearing their second crop.
Among the varieties fruiting from one
year-old beds, the following were con-
sidered worthy of further testing: Bis
sci. Earliest, Enormous, Maple Bank,
Omega, Robinson, Staples. Tubbs,
William Belt and some seedlings des-
ignated by number only. Fruited in
two-year-old beds and for the second
time only, the following varieties were
regarded as worthy of future tests:
Bostonian, Marshall. Marston and
Tennessee. Among early berries, Ear
Hest. Michel Staples, Tubbs. Beder
Wood and Marston were regarded as
worthy of test. For very late berries,
HUM. Equinox, Princeton, Chief and
Candy were recommended for trial, as
were some numbered seedlings.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Death to Weevils.

In a recent issue of the New York
tribune, R. W. Blackmore gives his
experience with these costly pests
Eight years ago he lost one-third of his
croD OF corn and peas on account OF
them, but luckily discovered that that
portion of his grain which was stored
in salt sacks, with the salt still cling
ing TO them, was uninjured bV the
weevii or any other insect. He con-
tinues: When 1 gathered my grain
crops the next fall, 1 used the salt
sacks entirely with the same success
1t is the custom in this section TO put
the corn in the barn with the Shuck
on, and the consequence is that great
many insects secrete themselves in the
shuck and afterward destroy a great
deal of the grain. Knowing this. L DIS
solved one quart of salt in two gal
Ions of water, and as the corn was
thrown in the barn 1 gave it a light
sprink,ing. 1 was not bothered with
any kind of insects that year, and, of
course, 1 have continued to use the
salt remedy ever since, with the best
of results
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
currants and Pin Money.

The Michigan Farmer gives the follow
ing account of a little girl who found an
article on currant culture. and thought:
why can't | do something with that
miserable row out in the back yard that
father says he is too busy to attend to,
and If he will let me sell the fruit and
have the money. FL see what | can dol'
Her father was willing, and as il was
early spring the first thing in the direc-
ton was to cut out the weak stems and
th.n them out. So she sharpened her
knife and attacked them, enjoying the
work outdoors and the prospect of earn
ing a little money
The next thing was to dust the leaves
with powdered hellebore when they were
vet. and not a bug appegfed. Then the
fruit gradually ripened and she actually
picked two pecks. Her mother bought
half of them. and the rest were easily sold
right in the neighborhood. and the sum
she received, though small added a few
little adornments to her wardrobe she
had long wanted.
Then she determined to buy more plants
and increase the supply. This was done
and the next year she bought a black
silk dress from the proceeds and enjoyed
better health and spirits from her out
door work.
She rarely had 10 go out of the neigh
borhood to sell the currents. She found
though the market might be glutted with
Strawberries, il never was with currants.
and that their value to preserve was be-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
mushroom Culture.

Mushrooms, at this season, will bring
good prices, but like much of Utah
farming, when prices are good few have
anything to sell. Those who would like
to grow them in hotbeds will be inter-
ested in the following paper read by
Mr.. George c. Watson before a recent
meeting of the Philadelphia Florists
club:
Mr.. Watson says growing mush-
rooms is a simpler thing than many
think. and that they can be raised in
variety of situations besides under
the greenhouse benches of the florist.
Any one with cellar. stable, clubhouse
or pit, where an even temperature of
Sc to 60 degrees can be maintained, can
grow them.
The usual method is to make a hot
bed a foot or more in depth of fresh
manure from the horse stable, and
plant the mushroom spawn in this me-
dunn, then cover the bed with about
two inches of good garden soil. In
from five to six weeks the mushrooms
will commence to appear. and the bed
will keep on bearing for months. Care
must be taken that the manure is fresh,
and that ii is prepared by two or three
turnings, at intervals of As hours, to
bring it down to the proper tempera-
ture previous to making il into the bed.
Alter the bed is formed to the proper
depth it is beaten down firmly and left
alone for day or so. The temperature
will commence TO rise at first. but will
not remain long above 100 degrees. As
soon as it falls again to 80 degrees or
below the bed should be spawned.
The mushroom spawn is sold in
bricks or cakes, and these have to be
broken into pieces the siZ>- of walnut
and inserted in the manure just under
the surface, at intervals of about nine
inches, and then pressing down and
smoothing the bed over. The covering
of soil is put on about eight or ten
days after spawning. All the growers
consider this interval important. If
the bed were covered Immediately it
would cause the manure to heat again
to above ninety degrees and kill the
spawn, but after the eighth or tenth
day there is no danger.
A bed may be made any size, large
or small, as the mushrooms will grow
equally well in either. The beds may
be made on the floor and fiat or ridged
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15

A we'll balanced ration is a remedy
against or a preventive of many forms
of disease with all kinds of live stock.
says the Nebraska Former If farm
ers who have any doubts as to the
truth of this assertion will once under
take to demonstrate its truth or falls
ity they will never have cause to re-
greet the day they began a better and
more rational practice in their feeding
operations. This truth applies in q
peculiar way to the feeding of young
stock. A strong constitution is largely
the result of proper methods of feed
ing, and a well grounded constitution
is a comparatively effective safeguard
against the encroachment of disease
in the animal form. Besides all this.
il is the very nature of things that a
balanced ration is the most economical
way of feeding. as an i'll balanced ra-
ton always means a waste of food.
But the ways of going about the pur-
pose of balancing up a ration for any
particular kind of stock are so diverse
varying according to the materials at
hand, that each feeder must conclude
for himself what is best TO do under
the circumstances. 1t is better TO try
than to grope along in the old ruts and
in the dark.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
To Stretch a Glove.

How very provoking when a glove fits
perfectly save in one place. where it is
too tight A remedy lies in a simple plan
used by French women. who nearly al
ways buy their gloves a number smaller
than they wear and stretch them to a
perfect Mt. Wiring out a towel or hand
Eerchief. fresh from its drawer. in clean
water. Lay the glove between the folds
of linen until the skin is thoroughly damp
through-then stretch on a glove
stretcher. If the whole glove is too small.
all of it should be wet. but if it is too
tight only in certain places. say the wrist
or the fingers. then the wrist or fingers
only should be dampened. the rest of the
skin left dry. This process will not in
jure the most delicate shade of color in
kid or suede gloves. The only precau-
ton needed is 10 be sure the hands of the
operator and the water used are abso-
lutely clean, then lavender, gray, cream
and even white gloves may be so treated
with impunity.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Dairying and Farm Fertility.

We are assured upon the best of au-
thority that dairying, of all branches
of farming, is the least inclined to rob
the soil of its fertility. This is be-
cause the products of the dairy are
so concentrated in form. There is no
other product of the farm, unless it
be eggs that has a selling price per
pound TO compare with that of butter
and cheese The energies of a herd
of cows whose business is that of pro-
ducing a high grade of butter are fed
entirely from the resources of the farm
and no part of what is fed to these
COWS during the year, except what is
sold in the form of butter, need be lost
to the farm. This loss is here reduced
to the minimum. Such an estimate,
however, DresuDDoseS the fact that
the dairyman is making an intelligent
effort to economiZe in his methods of
feeding through the medium of the
balanced ration. 1t likewise DresuD
poses that the by-products of the dairy
are put to the best possible use. This
requires the presence of the piggery
in connection with the dairy, and it
also requires that the manures of the
stables be carried back to the pastures
and fields whence they came. In place
of this being considered a matter of
drudgery in these latter days of i'm
proved methods and devices for max
ing the most of dairying, such labor is
now looked upon and performed with
a cheerful alacrity. There is room for
an indefinite extension of Nebraska's
dairy interests. and if we can induce
a Few intelligent men in any suitable
locality to embark in dairy pursuits
each year, we shall feel that we have
not only done a good thing for such
individuals, but for the community it
self, IN encouraging the diversity of
employments thus brought about.-Ne-
braska Farmer.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
The San Jose Scale.

The San Jose scale is easily dis
covered by the tiny red spots on the
bark of the tree, says a correspondent
in the Rural Californian. A good mag
nifying glass will show the form of the
scale. This scale can be eradicated by
thoroughly spraying the trees with
lime. sulphur and salt emulsion, made
as follows: Ten pounds of lime, ~
pounds of sulphur pounds of salt.
Boil thoroughly in 80 gallons of water,
strain and apply in the winter while
the trees are dormant. I am of the
opinion that all deciduous fruit trees
would be benefited by an occasional
winter spraying with this wash.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
New York's Composite Personality.

Mrs. Schuyler Van Rensselaer, con-
tributes TO the February Century pa
per entitled Places in New York. in
which she gives picture of interest
ing phases of life in the New World
metropolis Mrs. Van Rensselaer, says:
More than 76 per cent of those who
peopie New York today were born OF
foreign mothers; more than 40 per cent
were born on foreign soil themselves;
and many of these aliens, brought from
many different lands, continue here
to lie in clusters with their own kin
after their own kind. Yet while each of.
these clusters, and each of their wan-N
dering offshoots, modifies the new
world metropolis. all of them together
do not destroy its cohesion, they simply
intensity it's curious composite sort Of
personality They make it multifari-
ously diverse, but they leave it an en-
tity. They touch every portion of it
with pungent exotic fiavors. but as
flavoring an American whole. They
play their several parts in a civic life
that is cosmoramic beyond the belief
of those who have not studied it WELL
but they do not turn New York into a.
cosmopolitan town; for this means a
town which. oerwhelmed by its
strangers has lost, or has never pos
sessed, character of its own.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Cut This Out.

Benzine. as cleanser. is sometimes 4
remedy worse than the disease. as it
o1ten happens that no care can prevent
1t from making a marked circle around
what was once a grease spot. The cleans
ing fluid given below has stood the test
OF time and experience. 1t has never
been known to fail in taking OFF grease
spots nor to leave a trace on the most
delicate fabric of muslin, lace, silk or
wool:
qt- deodorized benzine.
! OF. alcohol.
4 OF. bay rum.
Is OF. ammonia.
Is o. chlorOform.
Is OF. ether
Is o. oil of wintergreen
y dram borax.
These, mixed. make rather large bot.
tleful of the fluid for daily use. but half
the quantity, or even a quarter of it.
might be prepared, as it loses some of its
force by standing.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
WindbreakS.

In answer to a question sent to the
editor of an exchange relative to the
advisability of planting willows for
wind breaks. the following was given:
Our advice would be, Don't plant
them at ALL
Plant windbreak, but use the best
trees, the trees which while furnish
ing the windbreak will. in due time,
furnish lumber of some value. We do
not think any more improbable tree
grows on the ground than the COM
mon willow. and its planting can be
justified only when no better can be
secured.
If we were to plant any willow at all
we would plant the Russian willow,
which is freer from worms, one of the
serious objections to the ordinary will
low; will grow just as well, and make
just as good a windbreak.
In planting trees for a windbreak ex-
clusively we would not use any one
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Brown Bread Pudding.

Rub enough stale brown bread through
a sieve to make a half pound of crumbs.
Beat six ounces of butter or good drip
ping to a cream. with half pound of
DuIyerized sugar.
Stir gradually to the butter and sugar
three raw eggs. beating them well in
Next add the crumbs. with a quarter
of a pound of chopped peel two ounces
of glace cherries (cut in halves. the
grated rind of q lemon and two table,
spoonfuls of milk.
Butter some moulds or small cups. I'll
these three-duarteTs full of the mixture
and stand the moulds in a saucepan, with
boiling water to come halfway up the
moulds.
Put q piece of creased paper over the
tops; steam for one hour; turn them out
carefully on to a hot dish; press half a
cherry and two prettily-cut strips of
Angelica on TO the top OF each, and pour
German sauce round
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
The Dairy First-Some Important
Secrets.

The dairy is or ought to be the most
important thing on most farms. Say
what we will. and practice what style
of agriculture we please. the fact re-
mains the same that there is nothing
on the farm so safe, sure and steady
as a good dairy well cared for. But
right here is a most valuable secret
1t must be a good dairy, and it must
be cared for with all the intelligence
the owner can muster from constant
watching of the herd and study of all
that is printed and developed other
wise. Notice the first man VINO does
not agree to all of this and ask your
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15

ing recognized more and more. Her
rants and found she could sell all she
could spare, and thus quite little spend
ing money was made.
Many a young girl. signing for some
thing to do. and even with a compare
lively small back yard. might have a
good working row by the fence. and she
night be sure of market for all she
could spare right in her neighborhood-
Not only is the fruit good tonic after
winter, heavy diet. but bush and fruit are
very beautiful and picking it in the
bright sunshine of an early summer morn
ing is something TO look forward to.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Scum without Meat.

Put one tablespoonful of butter into a
saucepan and when it is hot add three
large onions. minced fine; stir Wen IN
til they are nice brown, add a half cup
full of flour and stir until that is brown
also: pour in one pint of boiling water.
season with salt and pepper and let 1t Doll
five minutes. stirring al the time. Just
before serving add one pint of boiling milk
and three potatoes finely mashed
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
RECIPES.
saee-and-cnion SAUCE

Take three large onions. peel them. cut
into small dice; melt two ounces Of
butter in q frying-pan and fry the
onions in it a pale brown
Sprinkle with salt and pepper, and
shake over two teaspoonfuls of finely
chopped sage, two ounces of fresh white
crumbs and three-quarterS of pint of
good gravy or stock.
Simmer together gently for ten min
utes. and serve in a hot Sauce-bOat-
This sauce is excellent with either
geeSe. ducks or pork.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Grease on Silk

When a grease SPOT is found on a silk
dress it may often be removed at very
little cost of time or trouble. Take a.
visiting card or any piece of bristol board
Split II open and rub the spot on the
wrong side of the silk with what vaS
the inside surface of the card. This is 50
simple a remedy that it seems childish
but If applied soon enough and carefully
enough it is nearly always successful
Remember TO rub on the wrong side of
the silk.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
What Next?


We have boiled the hydrant water,
We have sterilized the milk.
We have strained the prowling micrObe
Through the finest kind of silk
We have bought and we have borrowed
Every patent health device.
And at last the doctor tells US
That we've got to boil the ice.
Buffalo Medical Journal.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
To Remove Ink Stains.

It is said that when ink is spilled upon
a carpet or upon anything made of
woolIen the spot should Immediately be
covered with common salt. When this
has absorbed all the ink it will. carefully
take It off with an old knife or spoon and
apply more salt Keep doing this until
the ink is all taken up
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15


derfully and really cost but little in
labor.
L think the poultry paid more net
profit than any one item the farm pro-
duced, for in addition to the cash re-
ceived We have on hand 100 more fowls
than we had last year, and the S167.05
is cash, and does not include the poul-
try and eggs used in the family, and
these two credits would, 1 think, very
nearly pay for all the food eaten by
my poultry.
1t has always been rule with me
to hold on to and increase any depart
ment of farming that 1 found profit
able, and so our poultry business will
be increased next season.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15
Poultry on the Farm

For two years past, writes Waldo F.
Brown in the Home and Farm. we
have had a failure of the wheat crop.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1897-02-15

Keep no COW that is a dainty feeder.
Out of nothing nothing is made, A good
COW must have a good appetite. and Il
she consumes largely without laying on
fet it is a pretty good sign that she is
making the use of it that the dairymaa
desires to have made.