Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1897-04-04

petitions or on holiday excursio",' -
enabled the outline OF the mouh'.' r,ho,
tenn surrounding the vast piateau " few
10 be filled in The names OF oniy
can be mentioned as types OF lhe t@,,nn,
Hayward. who I'm 1868 crossed the 49," -,
lun to Kashga- and Yarkand peed &C.
Central Asia. but the route ne oPN
now frequently traversed. rooion
Wood. who explored the source l.e,o..
OF the Oxus I'm 1870, first gave co,ies'
views regarding the Pninirs' 49,
thanks TO the visits OF lnnumerapie spvl.-
ing expeditions and the Russian anu IL
dian Deimitation Commission, ~ no'
thoroughly well known. Mr.. 81. oeols 1919
LittledaIe, whose great journey AZ 80
Tibet from north to south compaieS W." W..
that Of Captain Bower from west 70 60, =,
Is an example Of n sportsman VIZ -.
trained himself to become an cli'o,O'
geographer. Mr.. Ney Elias, in 3D. anu
Lieutenant Younghusband, In 1872 NV
made themselves famous by their jour .
from China through the desert pert VIM" VIII
intervenes between the Tibetan plateau
and the Siberian plain. In the same r.
gions the great Russian traVeiiei i,
Przhevalslxi, and his successors n''Ne se1
in order the physical map ana uiseo'e'
many curious features of river AAe' an"
valley.
THE FRENCH.
1.-THE French. since the time or Aope
Hue, have been to the front III tne e.
ploration of Eastern Asia. GARNER , PO
neer Journey by the Mekong from In
bodia TO China, Prince Henry OF Orie e
crossing OF Tibet. and his Journey Iio.'
French Indo-China TO India, are iinpVl
ant Instances. The American RocKhili
49,
liza; while the labors of tho Swedish eN-
plorer. Sven Hedin during the last re"
years. have resulted I'm a thorough seien-
tific study Of Eastern Turkestan ana ilS
bordering mountains on the west me
work on China by Baron Won klchlholen
is as perfect an example Of the late VIZ
torian methods OF geographical fesearch
as the description of Asia by MS countiy
man. Carl Ritter, was Of the carry VIC
torian style of geographical literature.
Blakiston. Cooper. and GIL were ani9hssS
the nioneers in opening the interior Oh
China TO European knowledge. Inc phe-
nomenal progress OF Japan in western
civilization has. of course. led 10 vast
advance I'm geographical knowledge con,
cerning that remarkable archipelago, anu
slower progress has been mace In the
rich islands Of the Malay Archipelago
where the travels Of Wallace nave peen
followed by the researches or many o'nei
naturalists. ..o,
opened up, save a few patches Oh 80
in the west and centre, entirely withlh
the period under review. Nowhere mas
more heroism been shown by traVeilers,
and no travellers have received scahtier
recognition by the public than those VINO
have made known the interior or the oily
entirely British Continent. Inc hai,es "a
Eyre Sturt. Leichhardt, the two GREGG
ries Burke. Forrest, and Giles, are 700
unfamiliar with English readers, ailnousn
ALI have been honored by English autholi,
ties. and the romance Of their exploits VIII
some day be adequately told.
NEW GUINEA.
"grhe great island of New Guinea has
been TO a large extent explored by the
british. Dutch, and Germans, VINO auhiih
lister its various divisions; and the presen'
Governor Of British New Guinea, sir WI
liam Macgregor. has earned for himsel d
Mace I'm the history Of the island only
comparable TO that of Livingstone IN the
history of Africa. 10 ,,,.,,-,,,
''The cruise Of the Beagle, with Darwin
on board, may be said TO have passed vi
the torch kindled by Cook to the Antarctic
casually i'm these cruises were system
atized by Maury, who. with the force Oh
his magnificent enthusiasm, has gwen
vitality to his Physical Geography VI
tho Sea > which enables that unique work
IN survive the theories propounded. Inc
,,ovape ~ tbe challenger and the progress
of telegraph surveys gave a secure OASIS
for the study of oceanography ana many
minor expeditions have since ADVANCED IL
1.-THE geographical achievements OF tnt
Ouaen's own sex during her reign nave
haor notable AT the accession. Mrs. Mary
Somerville was the best physical geogra-
nher in Great Britain, and her dlstlncuon
won for her the gold medal OK the Roya
Geographical Society in 1859. an nohoi
only accorded TO one other woman-i'iuS
Franklin. In 1912 Frau Ida Pfeiffer com
nenced her wanderings, which covered al
most every quarter OF the globe ana re-
TO a number of popular books OF tIaVei
and since then Miss North mas Ioilo"e.
i'm her footsteps in search OF hove "
study and paint in all climates. Miss Cor
5on Cumming. the indefatigable Mrs
Rishop. Lady Brassey, and Miss Kings
Ia,y have nerformed feats Of travel Tar De
vond the average of globe-trotters OF
yIao s,ire-seekers. Lady Baker accom-
nanied her husband on his expedition NJ
the Nile TO the Equator. and Mrs. rear,
STAYED by her husband during an ArV ~,
winter in Northern Greenland: me III
fated Mile. Time lost her life In the az
tempt to penetrate the Sahara. Mrs. Iheo
dore Bent has accompanied her huspan,
into parts of Africa and Arabia, wher'
NO white woman has been before. Lac
Anne Blunt in another part OF ARABIA
rendered real services to geography a.. ~
would be impossible TO enumerats thS
noble company OF lady missionaries "hs
have followed hard on the explorer ano
trader into the Utmost recesses OF Africa
and Asia-sometimes, as I'm the case oil
Miss TAYLOR, who went far into uiDet-
even opening up entirely new ground:
"The great names Of geographers az tn'
hccinning of the reign find worthy coun'
terparts at the sixtieth anniversary-nef
of the originality OF Mr.. Francis eaton
the versatility and wide knowledge OF 81
clements Markham, and the scientlhS
strength OF DR.. John Murray. Nor are
the names Of general Strachey' Aunlra
Wharton. Ravensten. and Bartholomew
,,l,elv 10 be soon forgotten, or their inrn'
ence on the progress Of geographical sci