davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

"The sS; Navy comrade' Frank symmss;
song, columbia, Gem of the Ocean,: The
Spangled Banner ''United States Pension
ers," Colonel ]. C. Currier; song, America"
'The Ladies'" Cemrade Horace wilson; song,
"Health to Fairest''; "Our Host, Gomrade
John Tuttle; song, "AaiI to the Cher our
Hostess" Quartermaster C. L. Blinn.
Captain John Tuttle was the recipient Oh a
diamond stud from his wife, eloqrently pre-
sented by General ". H. H. Hart dne Riinn IG1s,
was SO well delivered that al present pbeiead
demanded her presence, which was haIIe9
by. all singing, "She's Jolly good od
fellow The festivities were contnueu
until a late hour. The following Is a
partial list of those presents: Colonel =. u. -.
Lee, q. S: A.; Captain John Iuttle, J. NJ NJ iSy t1E
Bailey, Sheloon Sturgis. Frank sym mes, A.. a: l.
J. NJ. Sturgis, DR.. L. l.. Dow, Chaplain a. hoyai'
Joseph Simmonson. L. L. Butts, e. +. Ne5sI n
J. B. Locke, A. J. Itsell, G. W. Gordon r. ~ T.
Fisher, DR.. J. H. Soper, s. H. Roberts, J.. II:
Carries, General W. H. H. Hart, c. L. Metcalf;
Colonel J. NJ. Currier, J. H. Gilmore, coroner
J. 81. Roberts, Horace Wilson, QuartermaSter
G. L. Blinn. Elisha Brooks, F. l. Turin, cap
tain J. B. LaucE, A. c. Forsyth, H. /. IlcKner'
H. Burdell, Judge James A. Waymire
A musicale was recently given iE the stuolo
OF George Dennison and Arthur F1ckenscher
at the residence OF Mrs. Gregg. 2lOO Callior-
MIA street Local talent was well represe nted
Vocal selections were rendered by Nine. Bo-
Iona Zifier, Mrs. Sedgley Reynolds. Miss Ivy
Gardner, Miss Della Mills and Mr.. Andrews.
Mr.. Fickenscher contributed several piano
solos.
A champagne supper was given by Professor
ii. Rugen and Mr. Steffens on Tuesday even
ing, at the residence of MI. and Mrs. Heidi
man. Among those present were Mr.. and Mrs.
Heidtman, Misses S. and B. Heidtman, May
and N; Corkery, Annie Waller, n: Diedrich, s.
and N. Garms +. StoltZ, II. Heidtman, w.
Garms, C. Heidtman, E. Heidtman, Professor
Rugen and Mr.. Steffens.
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
HOME GATHERINGS.
Dinners, Dances and Receptions
Make the Week Pass Merri1y.

One of the most enjoyable dinners and re-
ceptions given this season took place at the
residence of Colonel and Mrs. II. Bendel,
Seventh and Alice streets, Oakland. The table
decorations were entirely in yellow, and the
dinner was given in honor OF Mr. and Mrs
George n. Habenicht OF this City. Covers
were laid for eighteen, and after the repast an
informal dance followed.
Miss Mabel Getz entertained sixteen OF her
lady friends last Sunday afternoon at her
home, 507 Devils adero street. it being the annl-
versary of her birthday. The parlors and
dining hall were beautifully decorated III vel
low. chrysanthemums and acacias predoml-
mating. The afternoon was pleasantly spent III
music and games, for which valuable prizes
were given. The guests we've also agreeapiy
surprised by having their photos taken by
fashiight, after which all repaired TO the
dlning-room, where sumptuous TepaSt was
partaken Of Those present were: Miss Mabel
Getz, Miss Erma Alexander. Miss Blanehe
Getz, Miss Blanche Latz, Miss Regina Cohen,
Miss Hattie Hall, Miss Adele Samson, MISS
Pearl Levin, Miss Helen Nathan, Miss Lean
Coblentz, Miss Nettie Hirshfeld, MISS Ollve
Simon, Miss Frieda Eber, Miss Anda Blum
Miss Ella Thall and Miss Belle Newman:
Mrs. G. c. Mathewson gave most en1oyaple
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

prize for ladies was case OF half dozen Sill
yer and gold coffee-spoons which was won
by Mrs. William Ashe. The second prize,
silver bon bon-boX, was awarded TO MIS-. VII
liam Grissim. The first eentemans Prize
q silver paper-kuife, went to Mr.. Laumelster,
and Il gold scarfpin TO William Clun. who cap
tured the second prize. The other lady play
ers were consoled each with silver spoon
and each gentleman got boutonniere
An impromptu musical programme was
then given by Mrs. Chinn, Mrs. McNichol and
Mr.. Rector of Berkeley, after which an elab-
crate supper was served.
Among those present were: Mr.. and Mrs.
william Ashe, Mr., and Mrs. Frank Sullivan,
Mr.. and Mrs. J. d. Mckee, Mr.. and Mrs. Oscar
hermann. Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Crocker, Mr..
and Mrs. Marion Biggs. Mr.. and Mrs. E. B.
Perrin, Mr.. ana Mrs. L. s B. Sawyer, Mr.. and
Mrs Thomas Brown, DR.. and Mrs. Christensen,
Captain and Mrs. A. e. Freese, Mr.. and Mrs.
Edward Chinn. NJ. A. Dorm, DR.. ?. X. Brown.
Dr. A Brown, Mrs McNichol. Professor Adel-
stein Mr.. and Mrs. A. W. Wilson, Mr. and Mrs.
Martel, Miss Adele MArtel, Mr.. and Mrs. Claude
Nicholson of Chicago, Gil bert James Rector,
Mr.. and Mrs George PerIne, y. ?. Periue, Mr..
and Mrs Georges, Mr.. and Mrs. A. L. Mann,
Mr. ana Mrs William Cuff Consul and Mrs.
Simpson, Mr.. and Mrs. William GrlsSm. Mr..
and Mrs. F. A. Berlin, Mr.. and Mrs. o. D. Bald
win, Mr. and Mrs William T. Baggett, Mr.. and
Mrs. Henry kclSO
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

non, Miss Clara Farrell, Miss Edith Viola
Vandre, Miss Maggie Murphy, Mrs. B. Farley,
Miss Bandy, Miss NJ. Winkler, F. Winkler Jr.,
E. Hunter.
delightful surprise party was rendered to
Alfred Gum recently at Turn Verein Hall on
Eighteenth street A very pleasant evening
was spent. Games and dancing were indulged
in until late hour, when supper was served.
Among the guests present were: Miss May
0Leary, Miss Nellie Sullivan, Miss Gertie
WINNER, Miss Elsie Irving, Miss Title John
son, Miss Ollie Schultz Miss Maggie Ingalls,,
Miss Jennie Johnson, Miss Della Ingrim, Miss
Annie Bowman, Miss Maude Pratt, Miss Sadie
Bowman. Miss Ella Symons, Miss Rhoda
Foulks, Miss Blanche Bowman, Miss Mamie
Holland, Miss Emma Nelson, Miss Jennie
Gum, Miss Julia Ingalls, Miss Jennie Bow
man, Miss Lowell, Mrs. Drain, Mrs. Bowman; /;
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
PERSONALS.

Mrs, Jefferson Chandler and the Misses
Chandler will be cat home" on Fridays at
1900 Hyde street.
Mrs C. C. Keene and daughters, the Misses
Rose and Jeannette, haze changed thelr AoIhe
day to the second Sunday in the month.
Miss Louise Tourny has removed from 1923
Sutter street to 1925 Gesry street, between
Franklin and Cough, and will receive on each
Tuesday of the month.
DR.. AID Mrs. K. PischI, after spending some
weeks in Italy, spent the christmas holidays
in DR.. Pischl's native citv Innsbruck.
Mr.. and Mrs. f. L. Kohlberg have removed
from the Palace to their new home on 1920
Clay street, and will be at home the second
and fourth Wednesdays of each month.
Miss Carrie Lauer, the daughter of Charles
H. Lauer, prominent citizen of Eugene. Or,
is visiting at the residence OF Miss Friedlander,
201S Buchanan street
J. Simpson, the Danish Consul, and family
are occupying their new residence at 252O
Vallejo street. Consul and Mrs. Simpson con-
template giving matinee tea in the first part
of February to their daughter, Miss Agnes
Simpson, who is one OF this winters de-
butantes.
Mr.. and Mrs J. Jerome Smith of Stockton are
at Hotel Savoy for the winter.
Mrs. D. D. Cotton and Mrs Henry McLain
Martin are in Paris, where they will remain
until next summer.
The home of Mr.. and Mrs. Z. Burke Holiday
(nee Huntingdon was frightened last Monday
morning by the advent of a daughter.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph D. Redding are passing
several months in Paris.
Mr.. and Mrs. o. shsfter Howard intend TO
pass the remainder OF the winter in New York
City.
Mrs Edward Bosqui is entertaining Miss
Coralie Selby at her home in Ross Valley.
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank S. Hicks of Los Angeles
who have been visiting Mr.. and Mrs. William
S. Tevis of Bakersfield, are now the guests OF
Mrs Hager.
Mrs Daniel HanIon and Miss Josephine Han
Ion have been at the Hotel Rafael during the
past fortnight.
Mr.. and Mrs. Homer s, King, Miss Hazel
King and Miss Elizabeth Huntington have re-
turned from trip to Coror ado and other
points in Southern California.
Mrs. George Loomis and her nephew, Charles
N FELTON, Jr., in Paris, but will soon leave
for Nice to pass the remainder of the winter
there.
Colonel C. F. Croeker and J. A. Fillmore
left last Saturday for Arizona, to be away about
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur E. Banks are passing
the winter on their ranch in Lassen County.
Mr.. and Mrs. Livingston ellison are in Paris.
E. S. Pillsbury is expected 10 return from his
Eastern trip in few days.
DR.. and Mrs. {. S. Breyfogle are in Paris,
where they viii remain for couple of months.
Mrs. George w. Gibbs is vIsi ting at Coronado
Beach.
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

dance on the evening of January IL, at the
Clifton, corner of Sutter and Powell streets.
Dancing and vocal and instrumental music
were among the features of the evening.
ewson, Asa Sallanger, Miss Dottie Frost Miss
Lola Frost. Miss J. Elgis Mathewson, General
J. II. Mathewson. Mrs. Russell, Ed Russell W.
J. Likens, Mrs. burst, Mrs. l. Latlmer, Mrs.
Armstrong, Miss A. Mckenzie, D. c. Mathew
son, W. H. Corent. T. F. Eastman II. G. Math-
ewson, W. W. Pennycook W. G. Pennycook,
Mrs. Depuy. Mrs. McLoud. Mrs. Shell, Mrs.
Bruce, Scott Mccormack, J. D. Mccormack,
Mr.. Armstrong, Ed Montgomery, Mrs. Grin
ley, Mrs. Bryant, A. J. Logan, Mr.. Smythe, Mr..
Griffin, Mrs. Walcotr, F. schooner. Miss Gertrude
Mrs y. D. Hulsley, Mrs. Warberton, Miss
Esther Dodge, Miss l. Pennyeook, a. Nc
Donald, Andrew Ross, D. Munro, Miss 7.
ODonnen, D. w. Mckenzie, Harry McCarty,
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

Pauerio, DR.. A. Gianini, J. Jolly, Gustave
Gunther, A. Brizzolara ]. Chichizola, C. Ca
vagnaro j. Bianchi, J. Raggi and DR.. A. Caf-
farata.
stag dinner was rendered last Saturday
evening to Captain John Tuttle of George H
Thomas Post No. 2. G. A. R.. by his wife, at his
residence, S22 0'Farrell street in honor OF his
installation as post commander. To this were
invited the officers and mem bers of George II.
Thomas Post, the Knickerbocker male quartet
assisting in the entertainment. The family
residence was beautifully decorated, the
rational colors predominating. After the en-
joyment of an elaborate menu, the following
programme was carried out under the direc-
tion of Toast st-master Colonel j. G.. c. Lee, I. S.
A: "Grand Army OF the Republic" General w.
H. H. Hart; song, "Battle Cry OF Freedom -
George H. Thomas Post No. 2, G. A. r." Com
rade A. 7. EgglestOn; song, Marching
Through Georgia." 1.-The Army" Colonel
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
IN THE FUTURE.
Several Delightful Entertainments,
Receptions and Dances.

MI. and Mrs. H. P. Spitz will celebrate their
golden Wedding on Thursday evening, Feb
ruary a, at the Concordia Club
On Friday evening, February 5, at Golden
tate Hall, the employees of Goldberg, Bowen &
co. Will give their third annual entertainment
and ball. A most enjoyable time is assured. as
the committee have beer untiTing in their
efforts to secure the very best talent procur-
able. The music will be by Huber. The Younp
Ladies String Quartet the famous Knicker.
ooeker Male Quartet and many others of eonsl
aolllty and popularity will appear on the bro
gramme, 1t Is customary With the employees
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

Score: North and South 13, East and West O.
Trick 2 The play OF South is fine and is the
Key to the hand. North's play of eigh: marks
him with jack or no move, and If the latter
should prove 10 be the case he can lose moth
ing by leading low, as East must then have
five trumps and viii certainly make two Of
them.
Trick j. 1t is plainly the duty of North to
underlead in this case. as he will probably
win by so doing, even should his partner fail
To win the first trick.
Tricks to 13. South can easily draw the
remaining trumps, put his partner in with
spade and reap the reward of his good play.
In trick ten North merely shows that he has
counted his partners hand correctly by lead
ing the three from jack, three remaining.
Such deals and whist play should never be lost
sight ot-even tor expert players.
Two Slam Deals IN One EVenino.
In the rooms of the Trist Duplicate Whist
Club the other evening the following deals
where thirteen tricks were made in each, ame
in succession, probably the first time il ever
occurred in the history of whist. The write,
sat East;
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
Election of Officers PetaIums
Whist Club.

President, Ray Egan; vice-president, P.
sweed; secretary, Miss A. Tibbetts; treasurer,
Mrs. ID. d. Atwater. The above officers, with
Miss Nellie Denman, constitute the executive
committee for the next six months.
The Petauma club is conferripg with the
santa Rosa's on a scheme for q county whist
tournament. When the Santa Rosa boys take
hold OF anything it has to go.
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

Broad avenue, Ocean View, on the occasion of
his tweutyfrst birthday: Those present We're:
J. Craven, L. Craven, S. WaterdoIl, J. Wolf, j..
Farley. J. McKean, ]. Maloney, R. Hale, o.
winkler, J. Walton, J. Sermatter, l.. Good. T.
Amsler, L. Brown, J. Roper t. Farrell L. Van
DIRE, J. Cannon, Mr.. and Mrs. c. Amsler, Mr..
an Mrs. NJ. Casserly, Mr.. and Mrs. ]. Lands,
Mr.. and Mrs G. Autagne, Mr. and Mrs. H.
Keipen, Mr.. and Mrs B. Bolesworth, Mr.. and
Mrs. +. F. Winkler, w. Winker, A. Autagne,
Miss Mary Walton. Miss Winnie Martin. Miss
Jestine Hunter, Miss Mary Amsler, Miss Gertie
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
THE NOTES.


What notes should there be upon dummy
plays,
Where each card as it falls speaks its part?
The solution must lose by paraphrase,
And thus science pay tribute TO art.
Just ! list to the silent eloquence
OF the order of play, gone before,
And mark the first principle i good horse
sense
The problem admits nothing more.
Positions the first thing that needs regard
The same as in actual whist,
Then make the opponents their suits discard.
OF the matter these things are the gist.
When a problem is deep, solution nice,
No prize does the true whistler need;
The love of the game will at all times suffice,
And supplant the desires of greed.
When athletes pre- pare for great contest,
They wres tie and race with machines;
So may students OF whist, with an equal zest,
Find dummy an excellent means
CORRECT SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEM 534
Mrs F. a. Carmichael, Edward Howard
Marion Berry, D. Murphy, San Francisco;
Henry D. Ludlow, Alcatraz Island F. H.
Kieier, Sacramento; T. Hartwel, Salinas.
We received large number of answers, but
the above are the only correct ones. One lady
sends in an answer with North leading the ace
OF clubs. East having none she lets North win
the trick. A Sacramento gentleman says he
got in fifteen minutes, but sends in wrong
solution.
George Ii. Bum and the ST. Paul
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
THEY'RE ENGAGED.
Interesting Betrothals Made Public
During the Past Week.

The engagement is announced Of Fred D.
Aldack TO Miss Rose Hurl.
The engagement is announced OF Miss Eva
kirsehner 10 LeopOld J. BOrck.
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
*E:F r.; hEtta.s,FtE!a1!:|::;;; .htal.s: ia! !, :.
whist of Jo-Day," Fifth Edition.

'lhoe VI O-DoN, heiN
"Whist of To-Day" when it came from the
press for the first time about eighteen months
ago, was looked upon by some writer's as sort
OF free-lance. Its author, Milton c. Work,
had the courage OF his convictions. He came
out and gave to the whist-players something
new to think of. We were one of the first to
write the author just what we thought OF it.
We didn't wait to get in with the procession
that was afterward formed to sing the praises
for the new work. We "spoke right out in
meetin'," and our opinion is just the same to-
day. Five editions in eighteen months is
record to be proud Of Mr.. Work says: "ln
order that the reader may be able TO distln-
guish the old from the new it has seemed sd-
vsable to place all the new suggestions in an
appendix by themselves, calling it Appendix
c." The subjects that he has introduced are:
The ace, queen, echo in trumps holding four
exactly, On partners lead; call through
honor; keeping the lowest card; covering
ten with ace, from lead of ten from Q, j, 10,
ETC.; playing down; the shortsuit game, and
ending up with long compilation OF pain
suit leads in order of merit. This table OF
leads is worth the price of a dozen books.
The book is published by Dreka OF Phila-
delphia and sold for 81 a copy.
Double Dummy Problem 534.
published December 13, 1850
II. Il. Hotaling OF San Franisco wins the
prize, an autograph copy OF Miss Wheelock's
new book, Whist" We stated that merit OF
answer would be determined by the best
notes. We give the problem and solution and
notes by Mr.. HotaIing:
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

]. and W. Nelson, o'Leary, w. and o. Hatton,
J. and A. Duff, Cutler, Tillman, Ingrim, Il. and
E. Foster, OstermRn, J. ard G. Irving. 6. and
A. Danielson, w. and L. Scharetz, Sweeney,
Campbell, Honeyman and Green.
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
G. S. Simons of Texas.

George Stuart Simons, one of the charter
members of the San Francisco Whist and Chess
Club, who for the past five years has made his
home in San Antonio, Tex, is on a short visit
TO his old home. His many and numerous
whist friends will give him a real hearty well
come. He was guest at the Trist Duplicate
Whist Club last Saturday evening and sue
ceeded In making the top score. Mr. Simons
reports the interest IN whist in Texas just as
great as it is in California, tournaments and
matches going ouibetween III e large cities, and
the Texas Whist Club, of which he IS one of
the founders, now holds the championship of
the State.
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

Teu hearts trumps. West to lead Score
North and South. 13; East and West, o.
THREE SLAM HANDS IN ONE AFTERNOONS PLAY.
A few years ago on the overland train COM
ing home from the East, the writer and his
partner played in q game where thirteen
tricks were taken three times in one after
n0on's nlav
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

SURPRISE PARTIES.
Anniversaries Celebrated IN This
Pleasant Fashion.
Oscar Winkler was rendered a surprise party
on Monday evening last at his residence, Il6
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24

The winning cara is underseored.
The San Francisco call., 1897-01-24
TRICKS.

=, And North must win the last
o.'........'.- two tricks, having the major ten
lace in trumps.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-03-11
The Code Of Patches.

The old code explaining the signifi-
canoe Of patch on n certain part Of the
face was as follows: THE 'impas-
stoned" patch was fixed at the corner
of the eye; the gallant" in the middle
Of the cheek, the receleuse Tor receiver
Of stolen goods. on spot or pimple;
the effrontee, or bold-faced, on the nose,
and the ''coquette" on the lips. A round
patch was called ''the assassin" The
great Massillon preached sermon in
which he mathematical patches. The
effect produced by his discourse was
rather unexpected; patches were worn
in greater number than ever and known
as mouches de Massillon.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-03-11

The ST. Petersburg newspapers an
nounce that the King of Siam will visit
there next summer. 10
A memorial to Elizabeth Barrett I
Browning is about TO be placed in Kelloe
Church, Durham, where she was bap-
tiZcd.
The Princess of Wales and Princes,
Victoria are expected at Copenhagen on .
visit to Prince and Princess Charles OF
Denmark.
1t is stated by Vienna paper that Eleo.
nora Duse. the famous Italian actress
has arrived in Vienna to undergo seriou,
operation.
The hereditary grand duke of Baden. o
first cousin of the German emperor, ha,
been appointed general in command of the
eighth army corps.
The budget committee of the Norwegian
Storthing has unanimously nominated DIR.
hansen as professor of zoology at the
Christiania university.
Herr Gustav Elm. the Czech politician,
writer and party leader. died rather sud.
denly in Florence while making tour foI
the benefit of his health.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-03-11
Sparks from the Wires.

Chief Constructor Hichborn, who has
Just returned to Washington from an in
spection of the battleship Iowa at Cramps
ship yards, reports that the ship will start
on her trial trip on March 30.
A terrible mining catastrophe occurred
ut Sombrerete mine at Iacatecas, Mex,
occasioned By the breaking out of fire in
the working of two of the company's
mines in which 175 miners were employ ed
at the time of the fire.
Howard G. Benham. the banker of Ba-
tavia, n. Y, was held to await the action
Of the grand jury, being charged with
murder IN the first degree In having caus-
ed the death of his wife, Florence }. Ben
ham, by means of poison.
A carnival Of crime reigned in Anacon-
da, Mont, double murder and gam
bling house hold up making the record OF
the day. The victims of the murder are
Mrs. Frank DRESSER and Sherman Ran.
som, who were caught together by Frank
Dressler. the wronged husband.
Articles were filed ut Trenton, y. j.,
incorporating the Marsden Company, with
an authorized stock of S50,OO0. 900. The
company Is organized TO manufacture.
sell and deal in products from cornstnlks.
in accordance with the letters patent Sc
>ured and applied for by Mack Marsden.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-03-11
MARCH AND APRIL
Are the Most Disagreeabie Months
the Year In the Nurth.

Are the Most DisaRrecable Months OF
the Year In the North.
In the South, they are the pleasantest
and most agreeable. The trees and shrubs
put forth their buds and flowers; early
vegetables and fruits are ready for eat
ing, and in fact AN nature seems to have
awakened from its winter sleep. The
Louisville and Nashville Railroad Com
pany reaches the garden spots of the
South, and will on the first and third
Tuesdays of March and April sell round
trip tickets to all principal points in Ten
sessee, Alabama and West Florida, at
about half rates. Write for advertising
matter and particulars of excursions to
c. p. Atmore, General Passenger Agent,
Louisville. Ky, or j. *. Ridgely, n. w.
Z. A, Chicago Ill
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-03-11

For Such Grimes There IL Greater
Incentive An Europe than Here.

For Such Grimes There IL Greater
Incentive An Europe than Here.
Flveattempts have been made against
the life of Queen Victoria, one In 1910,
two In 1872. one In 1910, and one In
1882. An attempt against the life OF
Francis Joseph OF Austria was made
In 1858, and one against the King OF
Italy In 1878. Three attempts We're
made against the life Of Queen Isabella
Of Spain, three against Napoleon III.
when Emperor of France, and three, In
1851. in 1875. and In 1878, against the
life of Wilhelm /. of Germany. In the
United States, where the crime OF as
sassination Is happily rare. few as
saults have been made upon public
men In Office. although two Presidents
have been shot down In Washington.
Mr.. Lincoln was assassinated In April,
1865, and President Garfield In July,
1881. In the early days of the republic
Presidents were safe and deemed them
selves safe from murderous assault,
and many of the precautions taken by
recent Presidents to protect themselves
from attack have been seen to be I'M
necessary.
Assassinations, In the United States
as In other countries, are the outcome
of periods of great political excitement.
The sentiments Of many persons are
stirred almost to frenzy, and at such
times some unbalanced extremist is les
by the excitement to some violent act
which in tranquil times, probably.
would not be even thought Of. In Eu-
rope the Indictment to assassination Is
much greater than ii Is here, for not
only are men in many cases deprived Of
the opportunity to make known their
grievances but, furthermore, the pow
er OF punishment rests with the execu-
tive head Of the government. An appli-
cation is made, perhaps, for the liberia
ton of some accused person. On the
executive devolves the consent or re-
lection of this request. In the popular
resentment which follows either the Sc
verify or the indulgence Of the mon
arch, there may be an outbreak OF a
murderous character. In the United
States the power of Communication rests,
usually, with the Governor, not with
the President, though in times of civil
strife. when martial law supersedes the
civil law, the final appeal for clemency
is made to the President.