The daily morning journal and courier., 1897-12-24

bers when solid earth or rock Is not obtain uoiS Tor foundations Piles intended TOT |l M0t" per or post to rest upon shall not pc smallest end, and shall be spaced not more tnlh thirty-slX inches on centers or nearer IT required by the Inspector of Buildings, %miu uiIa Snaii De driven to a solid bearing, No pile shall be weighted with q load exceed, l1S lorly thousand pounds, The tops or all RlleS shilll be cut off below the lowest water lAS, " hen required, concrete shall be ram iueu uONh III the lnterApACCS between the heads or the piles to u depth and thickness or not less than twelve inches, and for one Iool m width outside of the piles, Where ranging and capplug tlmbers are laid on piles Tor foundations, they shall be of hard wood, not less than six inches thick, and properly joined together and their tops laid below the water line. When crib footlngs or ron or steel are used below the water level, the same shall be entirely coated with coal tar, paratiine varniSh, or other suitable preparation, before being placed in position. when toottngs of iron or steel for columns are placed below the water level, they shall De similarly coated for preservation against rust Foundation walls shall be construed 10 include all walls and piers built below tlne curb level or nearest tier of beams to the curb, to serve us supports for walls. plers, columns, girders, posts or beams Foundation walls shall be built of stone or Drlck IT. built of stone, they shall be at least eight inches thicker than the wall next above them to Il depth of twelve feet below the curb level; and for every addi- tion9l ten feet, or part thereof, deeper they snail be Increased four inches in thickness. If built of brick, they shall be at least four inches thicker than the wall next above them to a depth of twelve feet below the curb level; and for every additional ten feet, or or part part thereof; deeper, they shall be in- creased four inches in thickness, The foot Ing or base course shall be of stone or eou- Gretep or both, or of concrete and stepped-up pflcN work, of sufficient thickness and area 10 safely bear the weight to be imposed thereon. IlSn concrete. the concrete shall not be less than twelve inches thick; if of stone, the stones snail not be less than two by three feet. and at least eight inches in thickness for walls, and at least twelve inches wider than the bottom width of said walls, and not less than ten inches in thickness if under piers, wider on all sides than the bottom width or said piers. columns or posts. All base stones shall be well bedded and laid cross wise, edge to edge, If stepped-up footings the concrete, the offsets, if laid in single courses, shall each not exceed one and one half inches, or if laid in double courses shall not exceed three inches. starting with the brickWork covering the entire width of the concrete, so as to properly distribute the load to be imposed thereon. If, in place of q continuous foundation wall, isolated piers are to be built to support the superstruc;
 ure, where the nature of the ground and the character of the building make it ncceS- sary, inverted arches shall be turned be- tween the piers. at least twelve inches thick and of the full width of the piers, and rest hcient area and at least eighteen inches thick; or two footing courses of large stone may be used the bottom course to be laid eroSsWiSe. edge to edge and the top course laid lengthwise, end to end; or one course of concrete and one course of stone, The stone shall not be less than ten inches thick in each course, and the concrete shall not be less than eighteen inches thick, and the area Of the lower course shall be equal to the area of the base course that would be re- qulred under a continuous wall, and the out side pier shall be secured to the second piers with suitable iron rods and plates. All stone walls twenty-four inches or less in thickness shall have at least one header eX- tending through the wall in every three feet i'll height from the bottom of the wall and in every four feet in length, and, if over twenty four inches in thickness shall have one header for every six superficial feet on both sides of the wall, laid OH top of each wall at least two feet. All headers shall be at least eighteen inches In width and eight inches in thickness, and consist of good flat stones. No stone shall be laid in such walls ill any other position than on it's natural bed. Before the walls of buildings are car Tied up above the foundation walls. the eel lars shall be connected with the street sew CTS Should there be no sewer ill the street or if the cellars are below water, or below the sewer level, then provision shall be made by the owner to prevent water accu- mulatlng m the cellars to the injury of the foundations.
 Sec. 22 In buildings where the space un der the sidewalk Is utilized. Il sufficient stone or brick wall shall be built to retain the roadway of the street, and the side end or party walls of such building shaIi extend under the sidewalk of sufficient thickness to such wall. The roofs of all vaults shall be of Uncomfortable material
 Openings in the roofs of vaults for the ad mission of coal or light shall be covered with glass 10 measure not more than four square inches each. set in iron frames or with iron covers having q rough surface and rahbetted flush with the sidewalk When areas are covered over, iron, or iron and glass combined, stone or other tncom- bustiblc material shall be used, and su, cient strength in such covering shall be pro- vided to insure safety to persons walking on the same and to carry the loads which may be placed thereon. Open areas shall be properly protected with suitable raiings.
 Sec 23. The walls of all dwelling houses, whether called tenement house, apartment hotlSes flats. hotels or other buildings which are to be used for residence purposes and also school buildings. twenty-six feet or less in width between bearing walls, shall not be less in thickness than the number of inches given in the following table: