New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1897-03-28

KaIakaua died in 1891. He possessed the amlable
qualities OF his race KIND ana generous nj hst
Ter tran those of his predecessors and his influence
even more corruptng and Vicious
LILIUOKALANTs REIGN.
BY the constitution Liliuokalani was recognized
as the successor to the throne. and though her ac-
cession was unattended by exciting events. 1t was
not without msgiyngs on the part OF those WIN
knew her views Of government. 1t was understood
that she had reproacned her brother, the late King
for yielding to the demands OF the citizens ior a
liberal constitution In 1887. and that she was cosn..
zant OF. If not participant In. tho conspiracy III
1880 for It's overthrow She very soon came unaer
the influence of foreign half-caste adventuIer.
and was governed by his advice rather than Dy ner
Cabinet The Legislature OF 1892 was controlled by
corrupt influences and passed lottery ana OPIUM sn
Queens intimates and TO the great scandal OF the
community These followed by an attempt at
q cotip d'etat on the part of the Queen having IN
view the overthrow OF the existing constitution;
under which she derived her title to the THRONE ana
dIctstoral character These proceedings brought
about the revolution Of 1898 and the overthrow OF
known that It Is unnecessary for me 20 rehearse
them. Nor would you cons i1er 1t gallant on ny, my
part to discuss the personal traits or the ldte
Queen with the freedom of my reference to those
Of her male predecessors u
To complete this regal review 4 is only necessary
to note tho spirit which has animated her s,nce ,ne
dethronement. Mr. Wills. tho American Minister
to whose memory it Is due to say ,hat under most
trying circumstances he discharsed MS emoarraSs
Ing duties with great discretion-Mr Wills report
Secretary Gresham November TO- 1898, tldt nc
felt satisfied there would he an armed attempt 10
restore tho monarchy. and that this would mean
tho overthrow OF constitutional ana iimite % gov
eminent and the absolute dominion OF the queen
Mr. Williss prediction was res 7ed In the abortlVc
conspiracy Of January 1895 and he reported 10 the
Secretary of State that the programme or tne cor
sprators which had been approved BY the icndns
loynlsts and doubtless by The Queen had D o,
to the friends Of good government or OF American
interests"
This hasty sketch Of the Hawaiian rulers shows
how untitled they were in mental and moral char-
acter TO administer the government and what
wretched failure they made of their opportunities
Tho history OF the country also shows that Tor the
last sixty years the administration OF affairs mas
been virtually In the hands Of foreigners. mainly
tho missionaries and their desc ondants, and that
whenever tho advice of the latter has been d.sre-
gnrded It has brought embarrassment ana disgrace
4 sketch Of the industrial and economic jG develop,
ment Of the country will throw some light upon
the problems which are the live issues OF to-day in
tho islands. At the time Of their discovery they
produced nothing for expectation. For few years
aftcrward a considerable trade was created n san
daTOOd. but the supply was soon exhausted ana
tho chief Industry for many Years WAS the pro-
visionng OF whaling ships which made the Islands
q rendezvous. The sudden Influx OF population INTO
California caused n brief demand for HaWauaG
progress had been made IN the Development of the
country. II had then hecn demonstrated that the
soil and climate were well adapted TO inc cutlVa-
ton of sugar. rice, coffee and tropical fruits. but
they could not be produced in successful competi-
ton with other countries.
RECIPROCITY BROUGHT PROSPERITY.
After more than ten years of persistent effort the
Government secured the ratification by tho Con-
gross of the United States Of n treaty Of CONNER
cial reciprocity in 1875 and from thar period dates
the era OF prosperity in the islands. The rapid
diminution Of the native and their ndisposion
TO labor on the plantations led 10 the Inauguration
of the system of foreign contract laborers. nrst
with Portuguese. afterward with Chinese and lat
tcry with japanese. The market OF the United
rapidly increased. and has become the great article
of export and source of wealth. The abundant sup
new life to the industry. and during the last year
the old plantations have been enlarged IN their
the year the reciprocity treaty was ratified, the
total exports of the islands amounted in value to
81 800 600 and for the last six years the average an
oS 90 '''' % 80 - '@' '''''''''' w
Under the feudal system of government the lands
Crown but this system was great source OF dis
cord and an apparent hindrance to the development
OF the country. and during the reign or hameha-
mcha III, after careful consideration. 1t was de-
cded tina; there should be an allotment setting
third, and to the tenants or people one-thrd In
this way the common people came into possession
In fee simple OF the lands upon which they Nved
and which they had cultivated and the chiefs had
set apart to them very extensive estates: The OBJ
ject Of this measure was to develop independence
Industry and thrift; but it failed in great measure
Of is PURPOSE as in the @ ,, OF Tine both
they are now largely held by white residents and
foreigners. Mr.. Commissioner Blount reported in
1893 that only "A per cen, of the private lands re-
NAMED In the hands OF the natives. and that only
per cent OF the taxes were paid by them Tho
islands is most interesting In scarcely any other
part Of the world are there found such varied re-
atons; a conglomeration OF Polynesians. Mongo.
lans and Caucasans under the peaceful control Of
American principles ana institutions; have Al
ready referred 10 the work of the missionaries The
spirit which brought them to the islands IS still
manifest TIT, school system which they organized
has for years been special feature of the Govern
ment. and has been much enlarged and perfected
by the present Republican AdmnstratSn doubt
and efficient free school system. Under It's com
pulsory laws ALL the children OF ega age including
hose of the Chinese and Japanese population; are
brought in. and all the instruction is given I'm Eng
sh In addition. there are In Honolulu quite num-
Der Of free klndergartens excellent industrial schools
for boys and girls, and Protestant and Catholic |
public library weIi-sqGpped hospitals and other
which testify TO the culture and |
other city of the world can there be found com
nunity more fully mbued with the spirit Of enter
Prise. education and intellectual culture
THE PRESENT GOVERNMENTS RECORD |
The present Republican Government. which came
nto power on the overthrow of the monarchy. has |
been in existence for four years, and has been
marked by great ability, careful attention to the |
interests Of the people. and by thorough integrity.
There seems to be consensus of opinion tho |
The wretched history of it's rulers aud the incapac-
" of the native race to govern however well edu- |
'aed their instability of character and susceptible
" to TEMPTATION forbid such step. The families Of
he old chiefs have become extinct and there is |
lothing out of which 10 found dynasty. Had |
here existed a lingering hope of restoration tho |
'X-Queen would not have made her voluntary and |
ABSOLUTE remuneration of tho Crown and sworn al |
egiance the Republic But the Government Of
President Dole does not regard itself permanent. |
or by its constitution ii declares its purpose 10 go
u of existence as soon a. the United States shall
Zee tit to the islands.
IN the changed relations existing In the Pacific |
ocean, 1t Is plain to the observant statesman that
Hawaii cannot much longer maintain itself
nation Aside from the temptation |
which II offers TO the nations contendng for |
supremacy In the Pacific. II possesses within itself
he elements which threaten the loss Of It's indie
'endence. The dmiabe and peaceable Hawaiian |
md the thrifty Portuguese. whose fatherland is so
ar away cause no fear TO the present rulers. But |
he Asatcs whose countries are near are a |
ource OF great anxiety. The Chinese and Japanese |
low number about 10 per cent OF the population,
nd are already more than half of the male
mia bitants. and the japanese have doubled their
lumber In the last SIX years. and they continue |
o come In increasing numbers. The support
RS OF the present Government would put a stop |
q his immigration but for the powerful influence |