davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
From DuIuth TO the Sea.

The projected deep waterway from Du-
nth to the ocean Is n matter of vast i'm
portance to the entire middle west ami
northwest. 1t is given new interest by
the report to Congress of the commission,
comprising Messrs. Jas. B. Angel Of
Michigan, John Il. Russell of Massachu-
setts and Lyman Il. Cooley of Illinois,
appointed under act of March =, 1879.
The report says in part:
sIt is entirely feasible to construct such
canals and develop such channels as Will be
adequate to any scale OF navigation that
may be desired between the great lakes and
the seaboard. and TO conduct through the
same domestic and foreign commerce, and
that II will be wise TO provide for securing a
channel OF navigable depth OF not less than
twenty-eight feet"
Practicable routes are indicated, and it
is recommended that early surveys be
made, as such preliminary work will con-
sumo three years.
The commission reports that the Cana
dian commission appointed for the same
purpose has furnished much important
information. The document gives many
statistics relating TO the traffic on the
great lakes 1t says that the agricultural
competition this country has recently had
to meet with India. and which is likely to
be intensified. impels the Government to
take steps to cheaper freights; that the
limit of reduction in railroad rates has
been reached and attention must be di.
rected to waterways.
In referring to wheat the commission
expresses fear of the consequences of the
increasing competition from the Argen-
tine Republic and Uruguay. The rapid
Of hn
business on the lakes indicates that, with
access to the ocean by practical water
way, we can control our domestic business
and enter into competition in any market
of the world.
In transmitting the report to Congress
President Cleveland says:
"The advantages Of direct and unbroken
water transportation Of the products Of our
Western States and Territories from con-
venient points of shipment to our seaboard
ports are plainly ralpable The report of
the commissioners contains. In my opinion,
demonstration OF the Feasibility OF securing
such transportation. and gives ground for
the anticipation that better and more unin-
terrupted commerce, through the plan sug-
gested, between the great West and foreign
ports, with the increase of national prosper
Ity which must follow in its train, will not
long escape American enterprise and actiy-
ity.
.'It will be observed that the report Of the
commissioners. though as comprehensive as
the time and facilities at their disposal per-
mitted, does not definitely deal with the cost
OF the work they were called upon to con-
slider, and grnits some of the other details
related TO IL. Thus far they have labored
without compensation and n part OF the
small sum appropriated for the payment of
their expenses still remains unexpended.
II suggest TO the Congress the proprfety
OF making provision for such further prose-
cution of their work will fully develop
tie information necessary to a complete un-
ant subteer-
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
POHiticaI Paragraphs.

II Mr. Brvanss book ever is drama
tized. will the play lbe "a farce, a bur.
lesque or tragedy
II Andrew Jackson had been present
at some OF those Ibanquets, he would
surely have tried to prove an salfhi.
1t cost only s. to inaMgurate the Pop
ulist Governor of Colorado this year,
but perhaps he iS that kind OF a gov
ernOr.
Ex-Governor Waite has retired to
private life. How much better Ii would
have been for him and for Colorado IL
he had never left it!
Mr.. Watson has a streak OF meanness
in his makeup, because he is inclined
to taunt Mr.. Palmer because he got
only 10000 votes, while Mr.. Watson
got $4,000.
Mr.. Bryan continues to make capital
out OF the recent bank failures, but an
inspection of his lecture accounts will
prove beyond any question that II Is
still much harder to get money into a
bank than to get II out
1t Is announced that Ambassador
Bayard on his return to this country
will reform the politics of Delaware"
Since Mr.. Bayard has been away they
have been cutting rates down there un-
til the prices for votes have become de-
moralized. A new union scale should
be adopted.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
DOES AWAY WITH WAR.
The Arbitration Treaty Between I'm
Gle Sam aud Queen Vic.

Gle Sam and Queen Vic.
The second week of the new year has
zone down as one of the most eventful
In the history of the United States, sig
nalizing the greatest stride of the century
in the direction of the progress of civil
izati0n. BY the treaty of arbitration to
which Secretary of State Richard Olney
and Sir Julian Pauncefote, ambassador
of Great Britain and Ireland 10 the Unit
ed States, placed their signatures, war
fare between this country and the king
dom @Mer which Queen Victoria holds
sway is made virtually impossible. An
event of so happy n nature should be
made the occasion of public rejoicing
throughout the land and in Great Britain.
While this treaty has nothing to do
with the settlement of the boundary dis
pute between Great Britain and Nenezue-
la. it is really "a result of the conferences
which were held by the members of the
commission which was appointed by Pres
ident Cleveland in that connection, with
prominent members of the British Gov
ernment. 1t Is ina measure, Experimental.
1t is the first treaty of the kind which
has ever been made between this country
and any other and in fact is the first of
tne klnu III the history OF une WOrlu. he
manner in which it will work will be
watched with the greatest interest by the
civilized world. ITS importance in the
line of progress cannot be Overestimated.
The treaty. which is for "a term of FIVE
years. provides for the arbitration of all
questions On difference between the two
contracting parties which have failed of
solution by diplomatic neaotiation. All
claims Of pec,uiinry natune amounting
to less than f1o0.0O0 (S5o0,OOO and
which do not involve the determination of
territorial claims are TO be submitted to
an arbitration commission of three mem,
bers. one Of them appointed by each of the
parties to the treaty and the third to be
elected by the two thus appointed, or, If
they cannot agree, in "A manner provided.
The award of a majority of such commits
sion shall be final.
All pecuniary claims which shall ex-
ceed 100000 CS5O0,OO0 and all other
matters in difference ia respect to which
either of the high contracting parties shall
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
John Sherman in the Cabinet.

John Sherman in the Cabinet.
The selection OF John Sherman to be
the premier OF the new administration
Is a graciens and fitting compliment
from the President-elect to his faithful
friend and counselor, who for a quarter
of n century or more has been one OF
the strongest figures in our public life.
A long, honorable ana distinguished
political career, in which he has given
to the nation the fruits of n wide legis-
latlve experience and the benefit of a
counsel that was ever wise, patriotic
and just, will enable him to bring to
this high office prestige that cannot
fail to command the respect and conf
dence of the American people.
Few men have been the recipients of
such continuous and never-failing ex-
pc'essions of popular regard through
such long period Of time as has this
rugged and austere Nestor Of American
republicanism. From the time he pre-
sided over the first Republican conven-
tion ever held In Ohio, in 1855. Until the
present time, he has been conspicuous
i'm the public eye as. q forceful and crea-
tive factor in national affairs. There
has been nothing spectacular or me-
seoric about his public career. His life
work has been in the service Of his
country, and that service has been
characterized by n serious, thoughtful
and dignified conservation to duty
Chicago Times Herald.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
Chunks of Sense.

The hartl-headed editor Of the EN-
poria Gazette Is giving the people Of
kansas many good chunks Of common
sense, which, IL they take them to heart,
will do more for the State than all the
oratory of Governor Leedy about the
semi-barbarous foreign colonies Of the
East. He has just been telling them
that right in his own county they have
been so busy talking politics that they
have forgotten all about the coal vein
discovered years ago under their farms,
have. neglected the natural gas long ago
located and let the oil, pOtters' clay,
ochre and lead lie unused. kansas has
developed rapidly on other peoples
money" he says. "And the first gener-
alton that came here could get rich by
making out deeds" after breaking
up in the speculation business we talk
ed politics." Now 1t Is time for real
development. THE mine, the hen, the
cow, the garden patch, the orchard, the
little factory, the small farm and the
dinner bucket will do more for Kansas
than all the statesmen" York
Tribune.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28

Mason. The forces back of Mr.. Madden
then sought to have him withdraw in ia
vor of William Lorimer, Congressman
from Chicago. Instead, Mr.. Madden
withdrew in favor of Mr.. Mason. Cook
Countys strength was concentrated upon
Mr.. Lorimer. but the country legislators
favored Mr.. Mason largely though a few
supported Congressman Hit, =. w. Aller-
ton, Congressman Hopkins, Clark Il. Carr
and others.
BY Tuesday afternoon. however. it be-
came apparent to the Lorimer forces that
there was soon to be II wholesale STAN
pede from the country districts TO Ma
sons banner. and they discreetly surren-
dered. There were the usual scenes of en-
thusiasm when this action became known,
and Mr.. Mason's nomination was made
by acclamation. He was brought in to
make speech. but cOntented himself
with few remarks of thanks. and then
the defeated candidates were called upon.
Congratulatory kilograms soon began to
pour in upon the successful candidate, and
none was more welcome than that from
President-elect Mckinley. Mr.. Mason
was surrounded by crowd of enthusias-
tic friends. and the scene was inspiriting
in the highest degree.
The name of BILLY" Mason is well
known throughout the length and breadth
of the Sucker State, and almost equally
as well all over the country. He enjoys
the recognized distinction of being the
champion campaigner of Illinois. During
the past eight years he in all probability
has addressed more people in Illinois than
any other man during that time.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28

award made by less than the prescribed
majority, the award shall also be final
unless either power, within three months
after the award has been reported, pro-
test that the same is erroneous, in which
case the award shall be of no validity. In
such a case, or when the members shall
be equally divided, there shall be no re-
course to hostile measures of any descrip-
ton until the mediation of one or more
friendly powers has been invited by one or
both of the high contracting parties.
Territorial claims include all other
claims involving questions of servitude,
rights of navigation and access, fisheries,
and all rights and interests necessary TO
the control and enjoyment of the terri
tory claimed by either of the parties of the
treaty.
If in any case the nominated bodies
designated to decide upon questions which
do not involve territorial disputes shall
fail to agree upon any umpire as provided
in the treaty the umpire shall be appoint
ed by the King of Norway and Sweden.
Either of the high contracting parties,
however, may give notice to the other
that. by reason of material changes in
constitutions as existing at the date of
the treaty il is of the opinion that a sub
stitute for his majesty shall be chosen.
The high contracting parties shall at
once proceed to nominate substitute for
the King of Sweden and Norway; and the
same shall hold good in the event that he
ut any time desires that a substitute shall
be appointed. In the case of the death.
absence, or incapacity to serve of any ar
jbitrator or umpire another arbitrator or
umpire shall Immediately be appointed In
his place in the manner provided for the
original appointment.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28

the property and blow up the dam Of the
gun club were not infrequent. On one
point the farmers were agreed, and that
was that If there was to be any more
shooting about the gun clubs grounds
they would not be the only ones who were
carried from the battlefield to the hos
pitfalls.
Poaching on the club grounds had given
its caretakers much trouble of late, and
seven gamekeepers, well armed with shot
guns and pistols, were on duty when the
fourteen young men, members of the fam
lilies of neighboring farmers, invaded n
duck swamp and prepared for a days
sport. The watchmen bore down on the
boys In body. and hailing them from
considerable distance, ordered them of
the clubs grounds. When the poachers
did not comply the gamekeepers opened
fire at three rods range and fve young
men fell to the marsh ice, riddled with
shot, two mortally wounded. The sheriff
arrested Barney Whitlock, the Blackburn
brothers and Alfred Taylor and lodged
them In jail.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
Mckinley Over BRYAN.

The plurality for Mckinley over
Bryan's total on his two tickets Is 61S,-
742. In comparing the last election
with previous ones. however, the fact
should not be overlooked that women
voted for President In November for the
FIRST time in both Colorado and Utah,
and contributed nearly half Of the 1884,
900 plurality for Bryan In Colorado,
and 50,986 In Utah, the excess of males
in each State being very slight. On the
basis Of previous contests, therefore,
McKinley's plurality would be about
100000. This is not 50 much as was
claimed by Republicans Immediately
after the election, but 1t Is really more
impressive than the larger plurality OF
763, ,007 for Grant over Greeley I'm 1872.
In that year the Republicans still con-
trolled the count In most OF the South
ern States, and gave Grant such ma
jorities'as $4,000 In South Carolina and
$4,000 In Mississippi. In the great
Northern States between the Hudson
River and the Mississippi Bryan as a
rule was beaten far more badly than
Greeley-by 26S,325 in New York, for
example, as against 53, ,455 in 1872; 295,-
or in Pennsylvania, as compared with
d37 7,54S; 1887 In Illinois, against 57,-
OO6; and 102,612 in Wisconsin, against
1880. Indiana and Michigan are the
only States in all this section which fell
behind the record of 1872. No two au-
,thorities yet agree as to the vote re-
ceived by the various candidates for
president at the November election
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
New Method.

A man who was for some years In
the log and lumber business on the
shores of Lake Michigan tells little
incident illustrative of the Irishman's
unwillingness to acknowledge his ig.
norance of any subject.
One day n young Irfshman applied
for work.
"Can you raft and boom logs?" asked
the lumber merchant.
"Av coorse, sorr," returned the unem-
ployed, with cheering promptness.
"Well, then" said the lumber mer-
chant, 'go up on the gap above the rail-
road bridge and boom all the logs you
find with my mark. Any of the raft,
men will tell you about the mark, the
locality of the gap, and so forth"
The Irishman hesitated a moment,
and then, with an ingenious smile, he
said:
I'll be afther goin' directly, sorr; d.
you boom the logs as we do In the ovid
country, dunno2 Is 1t wild shovel
ye boom 'em. sorr, or howT
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28

have rights against the other, provided
that such matters do not involve terrific
rial claims, shall be dealt with and de-
cided by a commission of FIVE members.
Two of whom shall be appointed by each of
the high contracting parties and the fifth
In the same manner as in the commission
first mentioned.
A controversy which shall involve the
determination of the territorial claims
shall be submitted to n tribunal consist
ing of six members, three of whom shall
be judges of the Supreme Court of the
United States or judges of the Circuit
Courts, to be named by the President of
the United States, and three of them
judgeu of the British Supreme Court Of
Adjudicature, or members of the Judicial
Committee of the Privy Council, to be
nominated by the Queen. 1t is provided
In this connection that in case the ques-
ton involves the territorial rights or
boundary of one of the States of the
United States or one Of the provinces of
Great Britain, a judicial official of said
State or province may be substituted for
one of the judges. The award of such
a commission By q vote Of not less than
ave 10 one shall be Anal. In case of an
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
dzaMeGRkoe

1t is said that the German Emperor II
| very careful about what he eats ant
drinks.
NJ. Nobel, the inventor of dynamite
who has just died, was n singularly gen
| tie and mild-mannered man.
Gen. Boulanger is to become stage
hero in Paris in political drama entitled
"A Ia Vie. A la Mort!'
The Princess of Wales is n great lover
of dogs, and at the last dog show carried
off an armful of prizes.
In the course of two days shooting al
Buckeburg recently the German Emperor
killed twenty-nine stays.
Rossini's original manuscript of "Will
lam Tell" bound in four volumes, was
sold for 4,I0C francs recently in Paris.
Cardinal Gibbons is believer in the
"Kneipp cure" and frequently proved his
faith last summer by taking early morn
ing walks barcfooted.
The widow of Caliar Bey formerly
Mrs. p. Il. Barnum) expects to return to
her former home in Bridgeport. Conn.,,
and take up her residence there again.
Mr.. Trentanovc, the sculptor, is on his
way to this country from Florence with
the finished bust of James G.. Blaine
which he modelled in Washington last win.
ter.
Surprise is expressed in England that
the estate of the late archbishop of Can
terbury is only $230,0O0. His salary,
which he had enjoyed for several years,
was $4,000.
A son of the Duke of Cambridge, sign
ing himself G.. Fitzgeorge. contributed
the amount of s. to the Daily Telegraph's
fund for the Bayard present, which has
come to naught.
1t is usually dawn before the sultan goes
to bed and at 8 o'clock he is stirring again.
He has no confidence in those around him,
and his life appears to be worth hardly
days purchase.
During his entire career, Stradivarius
made from 5000 to 1000 violins. Few
of these were sold for more than $2s
during his life. Now some of them com.
mand $4,000 each.
The woman tennis champion of New
Zealand has but one hand, and that is the
left one; but she can serve ball that Ia
exceedingly difficult to return.
Canon Fleming, of st. Micbaels
Church, London, has had n large tele-
phone transmitter placed in his pulpit, so
that his sermons may be heard in mum.
ber of hospitals and other institutions.
Emperor William is probably the only
European monarch who carries revol.
yer. Firmly convinced that he is going
TO die by the bullet of an anarchist, he 10
determined to fight for his life, II nee
sssary.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
MASON rs VICTORIOUS.
GETS SENATORIAL TOGA FROM
ILLINOIS.
Wins After Short but Stern Contest
Nominated by AccIarpation After
Other Candidates Had Withdrawn
Sketch of His Career.
Will succced Palmer.

William Ernest Mason, exCongress.
man, of Chicago, was nominated by ac-
clamation by the Republican Senatorial
caucus at Springfield, ILL.,, Tuesday night,
to succeed John Nj. Palmer. The fight
was comparatively short, but 1t was des-
perate. Martin II. Madden, an alderman
from Chicago, was the first man TO show
formidable strength, and he was backed
by the party organization of Cook County.
Outside influences. however. were so
strong that his nomination was impossi-
bic. The press of both Chicago and the
State opposed him bitterly, and almost
unanimously advocated the cause of Mr..
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
AN ARMY OF LABoRERs.
Census Bulletin Shows 36 Per Cent
Of the People Hard at Work.

Census Bulletin Shows 36 Per Cent.
of the People Hard at Work.
Much interesting data about the occu-
pations of the American people Is given
| I'm bulletin of the eleventh census just
furnished the press
1t shows that the total nuuber of peo-
pie engaged in occupations Of all kinds in
1890 was 81, ,735,6 ,651.
| This il an increase of over 5000, ,O00
working people in a decade. This whole
number of working people consists of
those 10 years old or over and makes up
over 36 per cent of the entire population
and almost AZ per cent of all persons 10
years old and over
OF the whole number of working peo-
pie the females form 1922 per cent. Di-
vided by classes the working people of
the country are as follows:
Agriculture, fisheries and mining, o.
OBJ, 1886.
Professional, 944 1888.
Domestic and personal service, 4,360,-
577.
Trade and transportation. 3,326,122.
Manufacturing and mechanical indus
| tries, 5,O91 ,293.
The domestic and personal service in
| cludes hotel keepers, sailors and marines.
laborers, BARRIERS, detectives, etc. The
| frst-named class shows ten years. gain
of over 100000, or of almost 100000
for score of years.
Considerably more than four-fifths Of
the illiterate male population of the coun-
| try and over one-fourth of the illiterate
female population are working.
Over so per cent of the workingmen are
| married, over 81 per cent single, over 3
per cent widowed, and one-quarter of 1
per cent divorced.
OF all foreign whites at work here II
per cent of the males and 13 per cent of
the females cannot speak English. There
is an element of S1a per cent of the men
employed in domestic and personal SER
vice who cannot speak English, and al
most per cent in the manufacturing and
mechanical industries.
Manufacturing and mechanics embrace
the largest number of females who cannot
speak English-over 4 per cent-with do
mestic service close second.
In Massachusetts,, Rhode Island and
Connecticut the males engaged in manu-
featuring and mechanical industries in
1880 constituted very nearly one-half of
all men In gainful occupations.
In twenty-four States and territories,
Including all in the south central and
most of those in the north central and
south Atlantic divisions, the males en-
gagged in agriculture, fisheries and mining
constituted more than half of all the
working males. OF the females ut work
by far the greater proportion were found
In domestic and personal service in large
majority of the States and territories.
In manufactures and mechanics the
carpenters and joiners, numbering 611,-
4S2, make up the greatest element, with
dressmakers and milliners following with
1900. There are little over 1000, ,0OO
bookkeepers, clerks. statesmen, 600, ,65S
merchants and dealers, 5,2S1 ,557 farm
ers, planters and oyerseers, and 3,OO4, ,O61
agricultural laborers, 40,592 miners, and
only little over 10000 fishermen and
oystermen.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28
New sect,onaIism in the West.

The Western socialists, with Govern
or Waite of Colorado for a spokesman,
threatened to slaughter the Shylocks
and mOney-grabbers of the East until
the Western hordes should ride in blood
up to the e,bridle-bits, but they proposed
to spare the women and children. But
now Governor Leedy of Kansas en-
braces all classes and conditions in his
fierce and ,Scandalous dennnciations.
This is "a more .loud-monthed section
alism than,ever gave tongue in the pre-
liminary war Of words which preceded
the conflict OF arms between the South
and the North.-New Orleans Picay-
une
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1897-01-28

The Tribune Almauac makes McKin-
ley's total 7,iO5, 2SNaDd the aggregate
for Bryan and Sewall and Bryan and
Watson 6491,97Z. The New York Her
aid published figures from various Sec
retaries of State which make the re
spective totals z, 121 ,342 and 6,5O2, 600.