davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
FEWER IMMIGRANTS.
A Steady Decline in Foreign Immi-
grafton is Shown by the Treas
urv Report


Washington, Aug. 12.-The tide of inn
migration is at the lowest point since
the general government assumed juris-.
diction of the subject in 1882. The num-
Der of arrivals from all countries, ac-
cording to treasury statistics during the
last fiscal year was 290, 1872, a decrease
as compared with the previous year OF
112 ABS. The highest immigration of any
number from all countries was 279, S4S.
The year OF heaviest immigration was
the first of the period beginning with
1882, when arrivals numbered 78S, 1872.
During the entire period of federal sup
ervision ,432, 016 have entered the Uni
ted States. The arrivals of Russian
Jews for the past year numbered %, $50,
as against 65,137 for the fiscal year
ended June 80. 1896.
Italy furnished the greatest number
of immigrants, 50, 543, a decrease of s.
629 from last year The cause of the
assigned to the war of Italy with Abb
yssinia, but the figures for the last
year are not abnormal having been
exceeded by several years of the period.
Since 1882 there has been a large and
steady decrease in German immigra-
ton; in 1882, $50, $50 entered the United
States from that country, while in 1896,
only 22, 533 arrived.
1t will be seen that the number of
German immigrants during the first
Year OF governm emit supervision exceeded
the immigration from all countries dur
ing the last year immigration from
Austrfa-Hungary decreased from So. 103
from other countries is as follows:
England 1892 in 1896; to 1874 in 1897 !;
Sweden p, 1877 to 13, IA; Norway SILT to
5,S42; and Ireland 40,262, to 2S,421.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
vERAsCOPE PICTURE WAR
w. G. T. q. Trying to Prevent Re-
production of the Corbett-Fitz-
simmons Mill

Galesburg, Ill, Aug. 1.-THE w. c..
T. u. of this city has begun a fight
against the reproduction of the Cor
bett-F'itzsimmons fight here by vera
scope Thursday night.
They petitioned the council to take
action toward suppressing the exhibit
ton, and the council referred the mat
ter to Mayor Cook, asking him to exc
cute the law.
The mayor is in doubt as to what to
do. The manager of the auditorium
is indignant and will probably try to
give the exhibition in spite of the pro-
test.
Last night the Christian Citizenship
league in mass meeting passed a strong
demoralizing and urging the mayor to
SuppreSS it
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

1t is always gratifying to receive
testimonials for Chamberlain's Collie,
Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy, and
when the endorsement is from physi-
clan it is especially so. There is no
more satisfactory or effective remedy
than Chamberlain's Collie, Cholera and
Robey, physician and pharmacist, of
Olney, Mo-; and as he has used the rem
edy in his own family and sold it in his
drug store for six years he should GER
tainly know. For sale by all druggists.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
RICH AS KLONDIKERS.
Sea Otter Hunters Have Been Re-
markably Successful.

San Francisco, Aug. PA private
letter from Captain Smaling, of the
schooner Theresa now in the Behring
sea gives news of the catch of the sea
otter hunters up to July 8. The best of
luck had followed the men, as the four
schooners heard from had killed 60 OF
$50, 900 to $40, 900.
The catch was as follows: Rather
20; Hermann Is; Kate and Ann Is and
Eppinger z. AS the season had been
opened it is expected that the otter
hunters will come back as rich as Klon-
dixie miners
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
STRIKER SUES DE ARMITT.
Asks $4,000 of Damages for Mali
cious Pros ecution.

Pittsburg, Aug. 12.-Ex-National Vice
President Cameron Miller of the United
Mine Workers association entered suit
today for So, 600 damages against T. B.
De Arnit, superintendent of the Turtle
Creek mines of the New York and
Cleveland Gas Coal company for alleg-
ed malicious prosecution.
In addition to serving injunctionS on
Miller, Mr.. De Armit had him arrested
on charges of riot and unlawful as
semblage. These charges were not sub
Stimulated.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Excursion to the Southwest.

On August II, Sept. and 81, and
Oct. 5 and 10, 1897, the Santa F'e Route
will run cheap excursions to all points
in Arkansas, Arizona, Oklahoma, Texas
and Indian Territory; also to various
r3oints in Louisiana and New Mexico
Ticket rate, one fare plus 81 for round
trim with liberal limits and stop-over
privileges. These excursions will ena-
bIe YOU to take outing and see Ma
lures rich rewards for Well-directed toll
For free literature descriptive of lands
in the Great Southwest, address w. ].
Black, G. P. A, A, T. & S. F. Ry., To-
peka, Kan.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Stands at the Head .

Aug. j. Bogel, the leading druggist of
Shreveport La, says: ''Dr. Kings
New Discovery is the only thing that
cures my cough, aHd it is the best seller
I have" J. F. Campbell, merchant of
Stafford, Ariz writes: DIR. Kings
New Discovery is all that is claimed for
it; it never fails, and is a sure cure for
Consumption, Coughs and Colds. l can
not say enough for it's merits" DR..
Kings New Discovery for Consump-
tion,, Coughs and Colds is not an exper-
iment 1t has been tried for a quarter
of a century, and today stands at the
head. 1t never disappoints. Free trial
bottles at j. K. Jones Drug Store.
"The Paiges'' are crowned 1.-THE Mon
archs of High Glass Comedy by opera
house managers and the press in every
town they have visited during the cur
rent season. Prices 10, 20 and 80 cents.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
FRISKY MONARCHS.
Gear and Kaiser Swap Clothes and
Have High Old Time.

st. Petersburg, Aug. 12-At the state
banquet yesterday Emperor William
of Germany wore the uniform of the
Russian admiral and the car wore the
uniform of an admiral in the German
navy. Sixty German naval officers
and thirty officers of the Russian navy
were invited to the banquet. The car,
speaking in German, proposed the fol-
lowing toast:
Il am highly pleased to see so many
guests of the German navy, to which
1 myself have the honor of belonging.
and I empty my glass to their health
and to the prosperity of the fine and
glorious fleet, in which 1 have the honor
to be an admiral"
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Trv Grain o! Trv Grain-O!

Ask your grocer today to show you
drink that takes the place of coffee. The
children may drink it without injury as
well as the adult. All who try it, like
il. GRAIN-O has that rich seal brown
of Mocha or Java, but it is made from
pure grains, and the most delicate
stomach receives ii without distress. Il
price of coffee. 15c and Csc per pack
age. Sold by grocers
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Mountain Lions Killing Cattle.

Phoenix, Ariz., Aug. 12.-Mountain
lions are giving the cattlemen on the
Verde river great deal of trouble this
year. The animals are numerous, and
very bold, and almost enter the settle
ment to kill cattle. News comes from
the Verde that a cowboy had a deSper-
ate encounter with a lion last week, and
was badly 1acerated by the animals
claws before he escaped.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

The treatment for worms must be
prompt and safe. Whites Cream Verrni-
fuge can be trusted to restore your
child to health. 1t is a tonic as we'll
as a worm destroyer. Every bottle
guaranteed to bring worms. Csc. Geo.
w. Stansfield,' 632 Kansas avenue and
Miller's Pharmacy, corner Sixth and
Topeka avenues
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
WE HAVE THE WHEAT.
Europe Must Import IL Per Cent
More Than Usual This 2 ear.

London, Aug. 1.-THE Times, in the
course of it's financial article today,
says:
1T is estimated by persons in a po-
sition to form an opinion that at least
u per cent more wheat than is usually
needed by Europe will be wanted this
year. Owing to the short Russian
French and Austro-Hungarian crops,
the United States will be the only coun-
try to meet the demand
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

The Union Pacific will sell tickets to
Chicago for $1050 and to ST. Louis for
81 40 July 18th to 21st inclusive; also on
July 23d, 18th and 3nth, August I'd, 9Th,
9th and 18th Proportionately cheap
rates to all eastern points For further
information call on F. A. Lewis, City
Ticket Agent, 525 Kansas avenue. or j.
c, Fulton, Depot Agent.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
G. A. R. Buffalo, N. Y, Aug. IS to 2e

For the annual Encampment of the
G. A r., at Buffalo, N. Y, in Aug, the
UNION PACIFIC will make the great
ly reduced rate from Topeka of $22 80
for the round trip Be sure your ticket
reads via the Union Pacific.
For time tables and full information
call on F. A. LEWIS,
City Ticket Agent.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
DEMOCRATIC GAINS.
Double Their November Plurality in
HoIman's Old District

Indianapolis, Ind, Aug. 1.-THE ma
jority of Griffith (Dem.) over Lee (Rep.)
in the special election for congress in
the Fourth Indiana district, held Tues
day, is 1862. Holmans majority last
November was S25. The Populists had
no candidate against Holman, but Bro
der was their candidate this year. He
received about 500 votes.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
OLIVE BRANCH EXTENDED.
Colorado Mckinley Men Invite Silver
Men to Return to the Fold.

Denver, Col, Aug. 1.-THE Demo-
Gratis and the Mckinley Republicans
will both hold their state conventions
the same day, September 6, to nominate
a candidate for judge of the supreme
court.
The Mckinley Republicans have made
overtures to the Silver Republicans to
call their convention for September 6,
also with a view to Erecting a union of
the two factions.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Buoklen's Arnica salve.

The Best Salve in the world for Cuts,
Bruises Sores, Ulcers, Salt Rheum, Fee
yer Sores, letter, Chapped Hands. Chill
blains, Corns, and all Skin Eruptions,
and positively cures Piles. or no pay
required. 1t is guaranteed to give per-
feet satisfaction or money refunded
Price 25 cents per box.
For sale by ]. K. Jones.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Janan,s Proposed Tea Partv

San Francisco, Aug. 1.-THE Japa-
nese tea merchants of Yokohama pro-
pose to hold an entertainment in cele-
bration of the rejection of the tea duty
by the United States senate. The min
lister, vice minister and other chief Of
ficials of the agricultural and COM
merce department will be the principal
guests at the banquet.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

For eighteen months have been we'll. AL
though - years of age 1 can go where wish
and sleep llnight and wake up cheer
full as babe and completely rested"
DIR. Miles Remedies are sold by all drug
gists under positive guarantee, first bottle
benefits or money refunded. Book on Heart
and Nerves sent free to all applicants.
DIR. MILES MEDICAL CO., Elkhart, Ind.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

ST crave but One Minute said the
public speaker in a husky voice; and
then he took a dose of One Minute
Cough Cure, and proceeded with his
oratory. One Minute Cough Cure is
unequaled for throat and lung troubles.
G. w. Stansfield. 6s2 Kansas avenue.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
MAYORS CONVENTION.
Tt Will be Held at Columbus, Ohio,
September 80.

New York, Aug. 12.-Columbus, Ohio,
has been selected as the place for hold
ing the national convention of the may
ors and councilmen, which will be held
September %, to October l. The pro-
gramme of the convention will cover all
topics of interest to city officials.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

others and q number
of remedies, spending
a large amount Of
money, but finally be-
came so bad that it was
unsafe for me to leave
home. I commenced
using DR.. Miles Heart
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Kosciusko,s Heart Inferred.

Berne, Switzerland, Aug. 12.-The
heart of Kosciusko, the Polish patriot.
was inferred yesterday in the special
Lake Zurich. The ceremony was per-
formed by a requiem mass, which was
attended bY $50 Polish patriots.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
OF COURSE.

The Dupont Exceeds Contract Speed
by More Than a Knot.
Bristol, R. l., Aug. 1.-THE torpedo
boat Dupont, which was given q trial
today, exceeded her contract speed by
more than a knot. The trip was made
under somewhat reduced vacuum. The
average speed was 2S.6 knots.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

Beggs' Blood Purifier and Blood
Maker will assist the digestion, causing
new and rich blood to flow through your
veins making life a pleasure instead of
a drudge. At druggists.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

Don't nauseate your stomach with
teas and bitter herbs, but regulate your
liver and sick headache by using those
famous little pills known as De Wits
Little Early Risers. C. W GtanSfield,
632 Kansas avenue.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
THE GREAT ROCK ISLAND.
The Official g. A R. Route to the
Buffalo Encampment

Solid train of chair cars and sleepers
through to Buffalo without change.
Leaves Topeka Saturday, Aug. 21st, 3:40
D. M, arrive at Buffalo Monday morn
ing 500 a. m. Only $22.S0 for the round
trip. Secure your space in chair cars
and sleepers early.
For reservations and full information,
call on or address
= A NJ. FULLER,
City Pass. Agt.
Phone 384-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
: Pennsylvania.

KN Fart DISEASE is durable. For over
- forty years" writes Daniel Myers of
Two Taverns, Pa, on Aug. 10, 1896,
81 suffered with heart disease. First slight
palpitation, gradually growing worse. Then
shortness of breath. sleeplessness, smother
ing sensations and much pain in the region
of the heart alarmed me and 1 consulted a
physician. Receiving no benefit l tried
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
S1.oo to Kansas Citv and Raturn

Via the Union Pacific-the first line to
make that rate-good going Saturday
and Sunday, Aug. 14th and 18th on all
regular trains-good returning Sunday
or Monday.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
SO so to Chicago.

And proportionateIy reduced rates to
points east. Tickets said August 13 via
Santa Fe Route.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Mineral Water.

The finest in the west Come and try
it J. w. PHILLIPS,
612 w. Eighth st.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

81 4O-Topeka to St Louis-$Z4O.
Tickets sold August 1S via Santa Fe
Route.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

Chamberlain's Collie, Cholera and
Diarrhoea ReRmedy always affords
prompt relief. For sale by all druggists
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
800 to Kansas City and Return

Via the Union Pacific-the first line to
make that rate-good going Saturday
and Sunday, Aug. 14th and 18th on all
regular trains-good returning Sunday
or Monday.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

Taxation Bromo Carb cures headache
and neuralgia; guaranteed by all drug
gists or money refunded. Price 25c.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

They have taken it before.
They like it, and will take it again.
1.-THE Rock Island" the Official Route
To the G. A. r. Encampment.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12

Remember the lawn fete at Trout
mans this evening.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1897-08-12
Cheap Rates East.

Phone Ss4.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21

Speaking of snakes" said the
old circus man, 1.-THE snake catcher
of our menagerie used to have n
way of catching snakes that was
very simple. There are some snakes
that like hopper toads. He would
take a soap box and cut hole in
the side of it and take it to where
the snake he was after would be
likely to come. He'd take along a
hopper toad with him, and when
he'd got to the place he would put
the box down ON the ground with
the hopper toad inside.
The snake would come along by
and by and look in through the hole
in the side of the box and see the
toad. The hopper toad would back of
as far ne it could get-way over to
the other corner-but il was no use.
The snake would slide in through
the enough of him to reach
across the box-and then 1t was
goodby hopper toad. But 1t wa:
also farewell snake, for with the
hopper toad inside of him he could
not back out. That part of hin
where the hopper toad was was big
ger than the hole. New York Sun
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
A BUsY MANS TRAIN.

Is the new Cotton Belt through
connection from Texas TO Louisville,
Cincinnati, Chicago and the North
and East via Memphis and the Great
illinois Central Railway system put
ting passengers into all these cities
in the morning, with but one day
spent on the road or lost from busi-
ness. Leave Texas at night, after
arranging your affairs, in a luxurious
Pullman sleeper, at a reasonable
hour and arrive the second day at
destination in time TO transact the
business OF the day II time Is money
to YOU il will pay you to investigate
this. Ask any Cotton Belt ticket
agent for schedule and rates.
:. G.. WARNER,
General Passenger Agent, Tyler, TX
A. \. GLISSON,
Travelling Passenger Agent,
Fort Worth. Texas
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
sERvICE EXTENDED.

The st. Louis Republic recently
made arrangements with the cacie
companies, whereby direct news
from all sections OF the civilized
world are received. IL now prints
more authentic foreign news than
any other paper, and continues 70
keen up its record for publishing all
the home news The outlook for the
wear is one OF big news events, fast
succeeding each other, and they will
he highly interesting TO everyone.
The price OF the Republic daily Is 81
a wear or n so for three months The
Txice-a. Week Republic viii remain
the same-one dollar a year, by mall
twice a week
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
THE BLACK FLAG.
while ahe white Flag Was HoIsted ny
The Powers. the Turks Kept
on killing Greeks.

London, May 2O.-The latest re-
port from Athens show that skir-
mishes took place in many places yes
terday. The Turkish commanders
in Thessaly, pending definite orders
from Edhem Pasha, will only accept
an armistice of twenty-four hours.
There is little doubt, however, that n
fortnight's armistice will be arrang-
ed. 1t is difficult TO ascertain exact
ly what occurred after the retreat
from Domokos. Apparently the
Turks continued to advance, and,
either in ignorance or willfully ignor-
ing the armistice negotiations, at
tackled the Greek rear guard. After
several combats lasting three or four
hours, the Greeks were compelled
about in the morning to retire to-
ward Lamia. The news of the fight
ing caused a general flight from
Lamia during the night. The tele'
graph officials fed with the.rest, and
this cutting of of communication LED
to the widest rumors.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
NOTICE OF SALE

am now Offering for sale, one
third cash, balance on fall time,
the two pieces OF vacant property
owned BY the estate OF the late :. +.
Jackson. First piece, a block about
2OOx2OO feet, situated north Of Mar
shal Stoves, west from Chas. Durie's
and south from a. ID. Chase's; sec-
ond, l5Ox15O feet, situated across
the street east from J. b. Spragin' s
barn. VIII sell each block in bulk
or IS or 100 feet front.
\. j. WoLvERTOS,
mi6 Trustee.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
PILES ARE EAsILYI ICURED.

Nature has provided a specific for
piles IL j. the active principle Of
common buckeye. This principle Is
extracted By special process and in
combination with other remedies
forms Tabler's Pile Ointment
This ointment cures nothing but
piles, but it cures blind, bleeding and
protruding piles every time II
makes operations needless, cures
when operations fail. This is.why
physicians recommend IT. Bottles
SO cents. In special tubes for handy
application, IS cents. Can be sent
by mail. Sold by Coleman & Lynn,
the Red Front Drug Store.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
PAPER Bottles

The biggest item of incidental loss
in ocean traffic during the stormy
seasons of the year Is that of break
ages in the wine stores. No matter
how securely the bottles are fixed
in the bins, a particularly heavy sea
striking the ship in a certain spot
or continued rolling and pitching
will cause great losses in costly
fluids that were never intended TO
wash the floor or the walls A
French firm Is going to do away
with this present source of annoy
ance and complaint. After years of
experimenting it has succeeded IN
manufacturing a paper bottle which
will not break, and which has all
the advantages of the ordinary glass
bottle. In the home, too, such bot
ties would be highly appreciated
Pearson's Weekly.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
The commIttee at " orr .

The committee appointed ten days
ago TO solicit subscription for the
Gainesville and McAlester road have
been collecting today and report they
are meeting with good success. They
expect TO collect the full amount
sui scribed within the next few days,
after which the engineering corps
will be put in the field TO locate the
Hne.-Gainesville Register.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1897-05-21
LOIE, THE ACTRESS.
Tells of weyIer's Brutal and Inhumsn
War On Women and Chill
dren In Cuba.

New York, May 2O.-Loie Fuller
arrived from Cuba yesterday on the
steamship Valencia. She said the
newspapers had not pictured strong
ly enough the cruelties of the Span
iards on the island.
1.-THE treatment dealt out to the
helpless Cubans by that monster,
Weyler." she said, lis almost be-
yond belief. He is waging war Of
determination. That's what he is
doing, and his victims are largely
women and children. The men are
n the mountains and he cannot get
them, but he can issue orders for the
women and children to be brought
in from the fields and villages. and
then, when they have been refused
admission, order them to be shot
down like dogs on the plea that they
are loiterings on the outskirts. Oh,
the cruel villainl 1t makes my blood
boil! Do | know of any particular
outrage? Yes, indeed. Why, / was
told of a Spanish officer who bought
the 16-year-old daughter of an insur-
gent general at an auction, and after
he had her three days he sold her.
know of a whole family who were
arrested and fined because the daugh-
ter refused to surrender herself to q
Spanish officer. woman is not
safe on the streets in any of the
towns. Crimes that are 4 disgrace
to civilization are committed daily
and nothing said about them. Th'
people are afraid to talk. woulC
not dare give you the name of sin
gle informant for publication.
"New York papers are watched
closely, and whoever is quoted a
authority are marched of to 4 dun
geon or assassinated under the pre-
, tense of having engaged in broi
u Men are shot down every day o
theEhimsiest sort of pretexts."
La Loie says she played to abou
SD 900 the first W eek of her stay
Havana, and her share was One-ha
of that amount.