davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
CURRENCY USED BY a LABOR EXCHANGE.

smith Joins community. or 'al'ru's-
tic society: Jones Joins cooperative
Joint stock company. while brown
Joins a local branch OF the Labor eA-
change. How does each man fare
while he Is In the organization anu
how he will leave it?
smith selects a community when
allows all the freedom possible IN
communism -one that makes no req
ulatlons In regard to dress. diet rehs.
ion or anything except the mode OF
productlon and distribution, and IN
this Il adheres to communism pure ana
slmnle smith Is accepted as a mem
her nuts In all his property ana soes
IN work. His name Is enrolled on the
lls, of members and he has docu-
men, An his pocket attestlng his mem
bership. but he has nothing else to
shoW for his property, while Tor his
labor he receives bosrd, clothes, shell
tor the advantages Of communistie so
elety and whatever else the community
can afford and Is williag 90 allow
him.
I'VE will suppose that things are
fairly agreeable In the main, but Smith
being man of strong individuality,
desires to squauder little time In his
own way. and his way not coincidlng
with the wishes OF the majority there
Is a clash and Smith decides TO With
draw from the association. Tie de-
mands compensation for property con
trlbuted and services rendered. lie Is
Informed thas BY the terms OF his
agreement he is entitled TO nothing
and must accept what the majority IL
willing 10 give or walk out empty
handed. that II he has lived more iru-
gaily than the others Il was his own
fault and the community rcaps the
benefit. that any other arrangement
would enable dissatisfied men like
himself to draw ont an the capital and
thereby destroy the community. So
/ Smith leaves the community, either
With nothing at an or with less than
what ne considers his Just dues.
Jones purchases share OF stock IN
a company composed chiefly OF honest
worklnginen and goes 10 work; as q
laborer he receives wages, either IN
cash or credits. az stakeholder he
draws dividends. The company Is
prosperous and he has a. much indi'
vidual freedom as IL consistent with
the form Of organization, but Jones
becomes dissatisfied because there arr
stockholders In the company who draw
dividends large enough to enable then
70 live with little or no work. and h
does not like TO labor for the support
Of oilers. lie asllate1 The question o.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15

uomcnon -Four times wear once
every three months ne sun rises 90
such an angle that a shadow over ten
miles long s thrown on che plain be-
Meath The Peak OF Toaorinc projects
a huge shadow stretching upwards ~
hfiy miles across the deep. aud partly
eclIpslng the adjoining is,sa EXag-
geratcd shadows of immense size are
commonly seen in many other places
on the lcrta Mountains tho so-callcl
Spectre OF the Broken tlrtws giganlic
shadovs OF mountain c,lmbcn into
the sky. repeating every movement
made by them. The same Occurs on
he summit Of pambamarca. To- Peru.
on the tops ~ Alpine Yclks. and on
the summit % non l.ow1nd. To- Scot
land. mlsts IN orc case and rarihed air
In me other explain these optical lc.
luslons The same yaus's alEo produce
Cnlorcd shadows. varying al each hour
of iho day. which are traccable to gho
dcscriIon NJ he solar tayR.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15

prOcucts OF mans brain ana the WoIh
OF his hands. Devoid Of creed or dog
ma. other than the law Of brotherly
lose. without politics. other than the
cardinal principles guaranteed 10 ali
American citizens by the Declaration
Of Independence. the colony has been
without wrangle and has prosperol
eTer since iis inception. This is the
Hol kins Park schosl farm. an out
growth OF the Peoples university
which was established through the ei'
forts OF Walter Thomas Mills. NJ. a.
The farm consists OF 900 acres OF arabic
soil. and Is crossed by deep ditch
alo7g the side OF which passes the
wagon road. the tan corn fields prac-
tlcnlly shutting on the view for a mile
and a half before reaching the school
/ In crossing the ditch the visitor I'm
mediately comes upon little cluster
Of cottages located on rising ground IN
q small oak grove The cottage are
small. rudely built but comfortable.
aud stand IN a Fcmi-circle round the
school bulldlnp. To the leit Is the
sorghum factory. Beyond and not far
away are the chicken houses. still
farther IL a blue grass pasture fairly
we'll stocked There Is a small herd oil
red Durham cows and large herd OF
Thoroughbred Poland China hogs. AT
Of tho buildings In the community have
been erected by the oolonists. At the
sai1e time they developed the whole
tract Of land which. prior 10 To ocou'
pancs, was a widespread prairie. un-
conhred and unhroken In the month
OF March. 1896. The form In which
the buildings are constructed Is that OF
q small village. but there Is no subdi-
vision Of land and no sale Of lots
There Is no way IN which any person
can secure a speculative or even legiti'
mate business interest In any Of the
work OF this school Here - the doe
trlas Of the collective and private prop
erty. The core of all ownership Is In
the righi. 80 use. Whatever one may
80 privately he may own privately
but that which men must use together
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
Asrurr INSURANCE AGENT.
.oolsa The Mas VINO rHsa 30 sei.la'

Tooled che Mas wha Tried o. rCiaini
Money on uurued Cirara
some time ago. said an Insurance
man 20 thc Philadelphia Record. "a
man asked me 90 accumpany him
home as De- bad some things there 20
be- Insured When We arrived al hls
house be- showed me 100 boxes Of
cinu. which he wanted insured.
There wcrc 100 cigars IN each box.
making 10000 ln an. and wcFc valued
al 10 cents each. so insured the lot
ior $1,000 A few days sso the man
came 20 me and asked Tor the lnsur-
ance money You've Rad no IRE a.
your house. replied. No. but I've
smoked them. said he and according
10 the PAPER I am entitled N The
money. as u aays distinctly that n The
goods are consumed BY hre money IL
paid on application. A. far a. tech
nicalltlos we're concerned. he Vas all
right. but I knocked him cold about
minute later by saying. IN a very stern
manner. AN right. sir. youT rel the
money. but. according 10 your own
confession. I will proceed ~ once to
make a charge against you for lncen-
dlarism. Well. IN BE- hanged" was
an he said and the room shook
violently after he banged the door,
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
ONE or THE COTTAGES.

they ought to own together. There ls
no plan for admitting Tor residence in
thr village any one who does not come
solely Tor an educational purpose The
school simply provides an opportunity
To- study for those who are willing
Dr. their Own toll. TO take advantage
OF such opportunity The only return
Offered for labor Is mental training
Tls aim Is to sink indiyldualism and
accomplish the greatest good Tor all.
The order OF the days work is as fol-
lows: The rising hcll rings at 4 o'clock.
breakfast b. 40 o. chapel at $3.50. when
an attend 10 their working clothes.
From there they 20 direct 10 their
work IN the field. AZ HAS the bell
calls for dinner. which l. az 1910.
Tho classes begin at i,30. At $50 the
classroom work Is ended. supper al
6 o'clock. A portion Of the afternoon.
II defircd. aud from ESQ 10 s. the time
h spent In rest. play or study. sun
DAY forenoons are devoted 10 reading
or rest. AZ 3 o'clock In the afternoon
there a service Of public worship
The use Of tobacco or intoHloants Ia not
permitted within the colony's pre-
cincts. In starting the farm school the
mon working there were involved IN
an Indebtedness Of 1880. In the last
six months. however. more than half
Of this has been paid on In addition
10 providing for current expenses No
new debts have been Incurred. The
institution Il based on the idea that
rension IL essential, and claims TO be
a religious body. Hut Il Is a religion
vithou, temple, religion without a
creed. religion without any ceremonial
OF any sort. The doc,rlnal principles
N they can be called such. are that
when We learn to love our brothers we'll
the love OF God will become natural
and easy and can be- provided FOR with
out organization and certainly with.
out restraint
That the colony has been living on
tho Cat OF the land u denied by Mr.
Mills. the chief officer Of the commun-
uy. Life has been very frugal with
us" said he. There has been a great
deal o. self denial and no, a little suf
fering has been necessary la order "a
make the beginning There Is no larg,
con.pany Of peope thrust together Ia
any building. Those not belonging .,
any family are placed among the fam
ules and all live In friendly groups
They take pot luck" The most porfec
harmony prevails In the little com
munly. Thus FAR no internal trou
bles have occurred 20 mar the fellcit,
OF tho happy family. Now that Il q
practically ION its feet the protector
of The colony complacently look upol
light ahead. and hopes Of prosperlt,
and iar-reaching good are brilliant
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
DOGS TRAINED IN WAR.
Canins IutsiilEsacs Emplsysd "a Nearly
Az the Armies Of Earops.

Canine IutsniEsnes Tmplsysd Ia Nearly
Az The Armies Of Europs.
From the Philadelphia Record. In
an the European armies save that OF
Britain canine intelligence q employed
In the role OF spies. messengers and
aids TO the wounded The Italian SEN
tries In the Alps are always accom-
panled hy dogs the Dutch found them
IN Achecn invaluable In preventing the
hutchery Of sentlnels by stelathy foes;
the Russians employed them 10 some
extent ln their last war with Turkey.
the French have used them In Tunls
and Algicrs. and the Austrians utilize
them In the detection Of ambwcades
The dogs employed BY the Russians
are wolf and sheep dogs. and a species
Of s. bernard. and equipped with
packages oi bandagos around their
nccks and TASKS Of SOUPS or brandy
arc taught 10 find the hidden wound.
a.. offer them rcsioratlvcs. give the
alarm. and afierward. n necessary. 10
draw them on little hand carts 10 the
hofp.nl The Germans use pointer
scotch collles pomcmnians aud short
haired sporting dogs. which arr train
ed 90 march sllonily. indicating slran-
gers by a point or a low rrowl. 10 car
o. messages some miles. TO obey men
ln German uniform and 90 halt an
o,tCrs.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15

building and tina, IL no person can 50
in alone. no matter how high his rank
may be. The opening OF each door
requires two persons and two keys, and
the physical presence Of the same two
persons IL necessary TO proper fas-
tenlng OF the locks One Of the as
slstaat cashiers Is the vault clerk. and
he has the general custody OF the
vaults.
Fully one-half Of all the government
pensions are paid by the assistant
treasurer In New York. o. we'll as
three-iourths Of the interest on the
public debt. The first and second days
OF each month find a very lively state
Of Affairs at the sub-treasury. Thoa
Is the time that the federal employees
get their pay. and four times each year
interest payments are made on the
hrst OF the month
The great central room In the SUD-
treasury building Is surmounted By
lofty domed ceiling. supported by 10
marble monoliths. On the four sides
Of this rotunda-like room are galleries
connecting the Offices on the upper
noor. where most Of the clerical force
d employed There are altogether
about 100 persons In the building. An
interesting relic b preserved In the
sub-ireasury. II u slab OF brown
sandstone which constituted the upper
platform Of the steps 10 the old federal
hall and upon which George washing
ton stood when he took the oath Of OF
Gee as the FIRST president Of the Unit
ed States. The slab was placed on
top of the pedestal In front OF the
bronze statue Of Washington when the
latter was erected on the sub-ireasury
steps. but after a few years the evil
dense Of decay and disintegration be-
came so apparent that the stone was
taken up and carried inside the build
ing. Il Is aow properly encased IN
mahogany and glasa and Is affixed "a
the wall Just outside the door Of tbs
assistant treasurer Office
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
sampi. Of us,,,,e iu,,,ro

From tho san Francisco CALI en-
McXlco tho laws delays lrc Tess vcxa.
uue than n the United sp,cs o..
deed. one hcars nothing lt al about
delay in thc administration oi Mexican
Justice a short time ago o. p1ymasicg
went down into sonora with between
5000 and 5000 Ho stopped over
night 90 o. ranch. whore De- was robbed
end murdered The robbers were
caught by tho local police. hut the
magistrate dlschargoi 'hem. Then thg
government took O. hand in the affair
Tho robbers we're caught again an
shot Immediately. The magistrate WI
bad acquitted them wac also .hot. r.
Waterman at ghcc hose, lho rohhog
occurred was shot somo distant CO.
,rrs1rlcs after the fac' were shot !.
200 sixteen men were shot
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15

a medical authority claims that bad
spelling "a caused by q disease Ia
certain conditions Of brain and nerves
the patient frequently writes "ot"
instead Of "a" In another slightly
yarylug form. instead Of the" the
nrst letter o. omitted. and 20 In many
other short words The malady usu-
ally Affects the brain only In connec-
ton With words Of one syllable. but
cnsos have occurred whore longer
words have been so distorted that Il
was diniculi 10 get their sense. Il "a
question whether one would be
comforied by being told that bad SPELL
ing Was caused By mental disease or
whether one would prefer TO have this
lacl Of accuracy SET down to ignor-
ance or carelessness. That Il Is not
always a prebi Of defective education
u quye-rsfhS2.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
THE FRENCH De"
A rlsbsian Semetlm.s Rssortsd 10 va,
Mothers Name.

A riebslan seme,lmes Rsser,ed to va,
Mothers Name.
II the name began With de. which
Is the particle indicative 90 nobility. II
was an easy matter the only thing nee.
essary being the separation oi the mi.
tial syllable from the rest % the name.
says the Nineteenth Century. For In.
stance. NJ Dclamarc become NJ de- la.
mare: NJ nelestrade was transformed
into NJ. DE- Lostrade. and N Dervlley
signed "DErvMey," hut the opera.
ton became little more troublesome
when the name was a very common.
place one such as nurand Rognault or
Dupont In that case the name OF a
town OF a political division was added.
and the gentleman called himself nu-
pont de lEure or de- Nemours. Reg
nault de- Saint-lean dAngeuly. nu-
rand de- komorantln. and 20 forth.
When no name Of a town or village was
available the would-he nohleman an.
piled Tor permission TO add hls moth.
ers maiden name TO his own. especial.
~ II u had an arlstocratic sound. In
this way a certain ambassador whose
family namc was a ridiculous one. bu,
whose mothers name though plobclan
was easy 10 disguise dropped by DE-.
greos his own name and retained only
the maternal appellation. just prehxlnr
the particle de and the title Of baron
conferred on him under the empire. II
the elevated circle IN which he moves
thanks TO his intelligence aud superior
education. no one suspects that his rea
name. II he went by Il. would assoclat,
him more Intimately with ktchenl
than with diplomatic salons.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
LIGHTING NIAGARA.


monster nenrchilHhta ana oetA-an~
Screens 20 illuminate she Gorge.
An experiment 10 lighting the gorge
OF the Niagara river. which was tried
In connection with the q Saentlon OF
electricians. Is likely 9 import
ant results and has fun a spec
tacle Of extraordinary ma1hlhcence'
says the Rochester Post and Express.
The illumination was arranged under
the personal direction OF Luther Site
ringer. the man who designed and op-
Grated the Examinations and electric
fountains at the Worlds Fair. ON the
platform c.. between two open cars
he took six monster elective search
lights and a number Of eolored CELIA
tine screens. Al 10 O'Clock In the even
ing the start wan made down the
Gorge road. The search lights took
their electricity from the trolley wire
and when they we're directed upon the
shores and tumjllns river and the
lights In the open cars were turned on
the fcsne was rarely beautiful II
looked as though sucl (moonl Tight
as never was. on land or sea- had
| transformed the scene. hut na the cars
moved on and Mr. stlerlnger changed
the screens. FAR more magical, wonder
ful and startling effects were secured.
Now Il looked as though one were sec
ing with Dante eyes. so red and fierce
was the scene. and 20 darkly red the
shadowy banks between which the
river tossed wavca OF blood Further
down. beneath the new steel arch
bridge. whore the furious rapids were
tossing the spray fifty feet or more
IN the air red and green lights were
used Then the plain lights we're
shown again and then. whore the
rapids are strongest and widest. the
red screens were used with an effect
whose wlerdness the contrast vastly
heightened. So impressive was the
spectacle that for several minutes there
was absolute silence In the cars and
then a cheer Of admiration broke out
From that point to the end Of the road
the colors were changed rapidly. with
beautiful effect. and at midnight the
party returned TO the falls. !, Is said
that the success Of the experiment In
sures the illumination Of the gorge by
searchllghts next season and that
means the addition to the attractions
OF Niagara OF a wonderfully thrilling
night spectacle and one which. once
seen. will not be forgotten.
Former visitors 20 Niagara will re-
call that when the state reservation
was private property there was Tor the
last season or two a successful illum-
nation Of the upper rapids and Of the
falls themselves and a heighienlng OF
their wlldness and weirdness and
beauty by n similar use Of colored
screens. The scene was one 20 re-
member and Niagara visitors have rea'
son to congratulate themselves that
private enterprise again proposes thu
TO enhance the night wonder Of MIA
CARA. For you may croak as you pleas
about natural" beauty. nature h 10,
prone TO veil her beauty at night: an'
II esthetes be shocked at an artihia
coloring Of the water and ind no com
pensatlon for loss Of naiuralness Il
such bewlldering rlotousness Of colo
aud grotesquoness az one can hardly
dream Of. even they must approve III
lights which make visible the natura
beauty when darkness would other
wise veil the scene.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15

limiting The siooh 81 members 20 SIN
sic share. aud succeeds In bringing
abou, the change: now Il Is found that
wages and dividends absorb the entire
product OF the company and there Is
no increase Of business capital. except
by the admission Of new mombers ana
"a the shares are Fixed At low valua.
tlon to allow Of their purchase by poor
men. the business becomes permanent
~ crippled by want Of means. Seeing
the situation, Jones decides TO quit nc
member Is allowed 10 hold more than
one share. and he can find no one out
side Of II who Is acceptable 20 the as
ISOLATION. 20 he sells 90 the assocla'
ton Itself. or. In other words, he draws
out OF the c3mpany the money he pul
into It: others follow bis example ana
II soon becomes crippled and forced
to dlsland OF sCll the br1incss to some
one who will condre Il as q private
enterprise.
In the FIRST illustration the commu-
nifty held lis own. but smith was
worsted IN the second. jones got "hat
was due hlm. but the way was opened
for the dissolution Of the company
The community has stability. but can
not grow rapidly because q does not
make equl.ahlo provision for the re-
turn OF all deposits Of value ana
hence does not attract memtcrs. while
the Joint stock company may provide
for such return. but does ro Of the
risk OF losing its capital stock ana be-
coming nonresident The labor ox-
change recognizes 10th these points 20
way which VIII be shoSn 10 the mex
Illustration.
Brown. on becoming a member OF
the labor exchange puts into g some
property not an that DC has and moi
necessarily an amount corresponding
10 the deposits Of other members bul
al he can spare At the time. or all
that he feels disposed - contribute d
cooperative experiment For thi.
property ne ItrtlNta ''lNhNAi'H Ni Vt
poslt. which correspond 90 me sharI
held by Jones IN the stock company
with the dlhererc' that while lone
must keep his share in order 90 remai'
meIabor N the company. Brown cai
sell his certificate TO whom Boz please
. without losing hia membership 200 Oh
branch and his voice 10 lts manage
mcnL The purchaser Of these ceruh
Gates does not secure an interest /
the organizhuon. they simply oniitl
, him 20 such a quantity o. the product
. or consumablc property produced b
, the exchange as will correspond Q
p their fac value al the market rates "a
< the articles In this respect they pei
q form the function o. money cxceT
+. that they are rcdeemahle only In PROF
eriy OF such nature as the exchang
o may have on hand. As b worker Brow
b receives certificates similar 10 those ,
Z received when dcp0sltiug property. u
4 may work or not. a. be- chooses. %
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1897-12-15
lMRlll.

jaw AAsA NAhh"
ling and preserving works. and has Is
sued about sl.lOO Of certificates. rang
Ing from onc-twentieth (flyo conts) 20
20 units lS2Ol. The unit Is an arbitrary
abstract quantity. supposed to have a
value Of 81. The certificates pass freely
among all classes Of PEOPLE IN Denver.
and viii, OF course. continue TO do 30
as long as they are promptly redeemed
In goods or labor Nheueyer they are
presented AZ the Exchange. which has
been the case thus FAR Men are glad
to work for the Exchange and they
are paid entirely IN these certificates.
which are generally called labor
checks" by the people Of Denver.
Usually a local labor exchange Is an
incorporated branch OF national as
ISOLATION. Incorporated under the laws
Of Missouri. It's object is 10 furnish
employment TO labor and 10 aid those
now employed By d system Of coop
Grafton In exchanging products Of Ia
Dor on an equitable basis. The EX-
change receives deposits Of useful pro-
ducts Of labor properly at iis ware
house and Instead u paying legal ten.
der money Tor the goods Il Issues "a
the seller H. certificates OF deposit
These certificates are not rodcemablo
In money. but are accepted by the Ex-
change at their face value for any
goods on deposit OF Tor labor.
The illustration shows a one-tenth
note. which has q value Of 10 cents
Il Is ave and one-tenth inches long
two aud ce-slxteenths wide. and hal
serrated edge az one end. where q
was originally attached TO stub u
the book OF issue. The front OF thr
note Ia printed In brown and the hacl
in green. and Is counterslgned by IN
president and accountant Of the Ex
change.
In order to get clear idea of ID
three forms OF cooperation In use 10
day" said an enthusiastic admirer q
the labor exchange idea. suppose tina