New-York tribune., 1896-10-26

summer In me fan he puts in his wheat - it us is
watered In the spring by the msitnE SHOWS no., OF .ns
TN the late spring. and his crop reaches t.u-
rope during the summer running the market which
American wheat once enjoyed. when the frst fruits
or the years yield reached Europe.
WHO GROWS IT
STA Ram an iniiln correspondent. Goyinda Das
writes. An Intelligent small farmer know In the
Allthabad district may b" taken ~ a type OF me
average tolcraby successful peasant IN INDIA. lie
is by means what Is regarded a. well 70 40 put
his lot j. such as might be envrd by no, rev oi ms
fellow. lie lives on a farm OF ten acres which ne
ana his forefaihcrs have possessed for hVe genera
lie is forty-ny- years old. and has family con
~i,ting of six members besides himself TO Wit: An
aunt his wife. TWO sons ageI t"ehtA Nv NV al anu I A
respectively. the wife Of ne eldest SON astd
t.rs eighteen and fourteen years respectively. nave
been both married and live with their husbands
orra"iSns The wife Of sta Ram has her silver
bracelets and ankle,s. her silver earrings ana nose
too the couple were able TO present their sons
wife with a pair OF extra finished toe rings costing
vest noon. and they also hope 10 greet the expect
eel grandchd with some auspicious ornamental
pr.s-nt II Is a general estimate that out OF every
sloo Of farmers receipts nearly - per cent ~ Tor
rent OF land aud farm expenses. So goes for mar mar
rXpcnsrs. including religious offerings All his
wants and luxures are included IN these 'hree
The average dali; ration per head in peasant
family con.isS OF pound d @ ns ol trn ,h h,,a maa
and salt from three four of split peas or
ka of u sp Sr@ and Bs n%s
salt The sali j. an important Item as the duty on
consumed pretty freely by the people 4 family OF
seven will need eighty pounds OF salt during the
In rice-eating districts ten pounds of rice will sup
ply the daily rations OF a family Of seven.
Sta Rams family fares comfortably on 81 a
month. or say. $50 a year. Less than a nth part
OF the sum will clothe them for whole year. The
Vards' which is folded round the waist costing .,
cents and similar wrapper Of smaller size worth
Win cotton. worth from 80 10 % cents which will
last two or three seasons The womans dress 4 IS
from the peculiar manner of folding. end Of the
wearing cloth (Which is little longer than the
man's) serves as a wrapper. Two changes will run
through the year. Shoes are seldom worn by the
males and never by The femalcs .,;, Dan. ,u anal,
about so 10 build. and Will take from three to four
cultivates about 10 acres lie pays an annual rent
OF from ~ cents TO 81 an acre-say 81 ~ for irr-
mana mnnogcs " on the share. which he puts down in
wheat to grow eight or nine bushels
HOW IT GETS TO MARKET.
Sta Ram had not a ghost OF chance In the
worlds wheat markets as long as he depended upon
himself He grew his millet and his pulse; he ate
II at home and his family went without silver
ornaments. But network OF some 10000 miles Of
rail has been put at his service and If the English
20OOOOOO acres to the under wheat.
India with all rs famines has 100000 acres re-,
wheat export but for one cause: India Is slowly
beginning the consumption of wheat on its own ac-
count The Sikhs. the most manly and progressive
race OF Northwest India have begun the free con-
sumption OF wheat. Its use has begun In other
parts Of Northern India. and the reduction n
indian wheat exports from an average OF 3J.2l4.6t3
bushels I'm lsx3-s7 to 2l.70+OOo bushels in ls93-95
is In part due TO the increased demand for wheat
In India
the ryot labors under other difficulties. He
grows his wheat with other food grains: he
threshes II on a mud floor: he houses II In a pit
and he never cleans it, The result Is that Indian
wheat Is never graded. There are no elevators.
and a rebate OF from to per cent or ten times
the rebate on American wheat. has to be made
to allow for dirt. Grown as II is however under
Q sub-tropica sun. the wheat has an aromatic,