The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1896-10-02

We did that, the paper was en-
grayed with that part of Henry the
SiXth's arms which his female descend
ants, had he had any, would be entitled
to use, and l suppose, the young bride
sent out her first dinner invitations
from her new home on the paper bear
ing the shield Of her ancient family
DO you have many such custom
ers?' asked the Sun reporter.
Hundreds during the wedding sea-
sons and many at all times of the
year." was the reply
And when left to you the matter of
proper engraving is decided by your
heraldry expert?"
Always. That's what he's here for.
That and to trace family trees But go
UP and talk to him. He'd tell you a
number of interesting things"
The reporter was taken up stairs and
in a little room off the library the her
aldry expert was found The object of
the reporters call was explained. The
expert was man past sixty, with a
wonderfully intelligent face, whose ex-
preston is that of student. He was
pouring over a work on heraldry when
the reporter entered.
1T is strange to me-" said the expert,
that, when SO many persons desire to
make use of coats of arms in these
days. SO few know anything about
what they want. Arms are not like
bonnets, things to be used and changed
as the styles change. They were used
originally for q. definite purpose, and
there is reason for everything connect
ed with them. Heraldry is beautiful
science, and so fascinating! AS you
probably know, 1t is the science which
teaches how to blazon or describe In
proper terms armorial bearings and
their accessories. Armorial bearings
| We're first used to distinguish leaders in
time of war. In the early ages, you
know, warriors were coated in mail.
That their followers might know where
to rally in battle, each leader had his
distinctive sign or coat of arms bla-
zoned on his standard. The leader
himself was distinguished by a crest,
which he wore above his helmet.
ut is conceded by the highest author
tiles that the hereditary arms of fami-
lies were first made use of in the
twelfth century, when numerous ar
mics consisted of the troops of twenty
different nations. 1t was necessary,
therefore, that each leader should
adopt some ensign In order that he
might gather his followers together for
battle. The choice and the regulation
of the symbols by which the sovereigns
and lords of Europe should be distin-
guished was matter of great niceity
and it was entrusted to the heralds,
who invented signs and made general
10
banners and shields Of the chiefs Of the
different nations The signs or SYM
bols were sanctioned by the sovereigns
engaged in the crusades, and hence the
origin of the present system of herald
~, which prevails to-day, with trif1ing
variations, in every monarchy of Eu-
rope, and is perpetuated on the car
riage doors, on the letter paper, and on
the signet rings of plain American citi-
zens, who pride themselves, about eve
ry election time, upon the fact that, by
the sign or token, is one man elevated
above the other in the social scale.
Arms were not only granted to indi-
viduals and families, but also to cities,
corporate bodies and learned societies.
They were, therefore, classified as fol-
flows: Arms of Dominion, Pretension,
Concession, Community, Patronage,
Family, Alliance and Succession.
Arms of Dominion were properly the
arms of the kings or sovereigns Of ter
ritories they governed which were also
regarded as the arms of the state they
ruled. Arms of Pretension were those
of kingdoms, provinces or territories,
to which prince or lord had some
claim, and which he added to his own,
though the kingdoms or provinces were
governed by a foreign king or lord.
For instance, the kings of England for
many ages CHARTERED the arms of
France in their escutcheon as the de-
scendants of Edward III, who claimed
that kingdom by right of his mother,
who was a French princess.
Arms of Concession were arms
granted by sovereigns as the reward of
virtue or extraordinary service. Arms
Of Community were those of bishoprics,
cities, universities, academies. societies
and corporate bodies. Arms of Patron
age were borne by such as governors of
provinces lords of manors, and the
like, added to their family arms as an
indication Of their superiority, right
and Jurisdiction Arms of Family, or
redtary and belonged to one particular
family, which no one else had the right
to assume. The assumption of arms
has, however become so common, not
only in this country but also abroad,
, that little notice is taken of it. Arms
of Alliance were those gained by mar
riage. Arms of Succession We're those
taken up by those who inherited GER
, tain estates by bequest, entail or do
; nation.
ut would take volume to describe
, the different parts of armorial bearings
in detail Briefly, arms consist of a
shield and crest In heraldic language
shields are called escutcheons. Upon
the shields is blazoned the charges or
figures that form a coat of arms. The
shield is divided into sections by ar
morists and in each section is placed
the symbol that some ancestor gained
, for some achievement If a shield be
divided into four equal parts by hori-
zontal and perpendicular line crossing
each other in the center of the shield
the shield is said to be quartered. But
a shield may be divided into more than
! four equal parts, according to the num-
Der of achievements. The sections arc
called quarterings. The left side of g
shield, as one looks at 1t, is called the
,, dexter side, and the opposite side the