davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
Treasury Department,
Office of

The Comptroller of the Currency.
Washington, ID. c., Jan. 13, 1896.
Sir: Some days since, at the request
of the Secretary of the Treasury,
caused TO be forwarded to you circu-
lars inviting proposals for the four per
cent. bonds soon to be issued by the
Government. In order that offers for
the same may be made more intelli-
gently by those desiring to bid, there
has been prepared by the Treasury
Department, the inclosed statement.
exhibition of prices to be paid
for the bonds in order to return to
the investor certain rates of interest
in said statement mentioned. IT is
the desire of the Government that
these bonds be distributed as widely
as possible, 'and as they are of a char
acter which affords to National banks
especially desiring TO obtain circula-
tiOn thereon, a long time investment,
your attention is called to the, both
as to this particular feature, and that
of the general character of the invest
ment.
1t is suggested that the National
banks can materially aid the Govern
ment in popularizing this loan by call
ing the attention of their patrons to
the desirability of it as an investment
and in stimulating subscriptions there
to. 1t is earnestly requested that you
explain to your patrons in detail the
manner of making bids, and the terms
thereof, thus giving them the fullest
information upon the subject. In this
manner, it is believed that many of our
people who might otherwise feel indif-
ferent to such investments, might see
the advantage attached to it, and wish
to participate therein.
Very respectfully,
JAMES Fl. ECKELS.
Comptroller
The Treasury lost $t14,000 in gold
to-day, which leaves the true amount
of the reserve $54,73S,115.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
TRIED TO AssAssINATE HIM.

Fayetteville n. G.. January TO-
(SpeciaI AT Cumberland Mills, q
factory town, about six miles
from here, at o'clock this even
ing, some one attempted to assassinate
Mr.. w. X. Parker, Superintendent and
Treasurer of the cotton mills at that
place, by shooting through the window
at him. The bullet lodged in Mr.. Par
ker's clothing, but did no damage. 1t
is supposed that the parties thought
Mr.. Parker had large sum Of money
in his Office TO pay his hands, hence the
attempt on his life
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
4 THOUSAND MINERS STRIKE

Columbus, Ohio, Jan. 1G.-One thou
sand miners struck to-day at the
Morris Coal Company. President G..
c. Morris, of the Morris Coal Company,
said in relation to the strike at the
Hooking Valley mine Of the company
to-day that one man had been dis
charged for sending out inferior coal
Because he had not been taken back,
one thousand miners had struck. The
man, he said, would not be reinstated
under any consideration. No ques-
tion Of wages is involved in the strike
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
THE LARGEST CIRCULATION OFF AMY NORTH CAROLINA DAILY.

62nd and G3rd streets and Hope and
Stony Island Avenues. The building
is twice the size of Madison Square
Garden, and when completed will
have seating capacity of 10000 peo-
pie. 1t is about miles from the city
Hall, but the transit facilities are so
great that there will be no inconveni-
ence on that account. The Illinois
Central, the Alley 81" Road, and sew
eRal cable and electric lines run within
fifty feet of the main entrance.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
DEATH or MR.. w. j.. FRANKLIN

Winston. N. c., Jan. 1G.--(SpeciaD-~ -~
Mr.. w. l.. Franklin, one of Winston s
leading merchants and most success
full business men, died of consumption
at 4:45 this afternoon. He was 81
years old. He was native Of More
head City, and came to Winston from
Durham eleven years ago. He leaves a
wife and one daughter, besides u
brother, who has been managing the
business for some time, and sister.
The latter lives in Reidsville.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
sPANIARDs WANT WAR.

Mexico City, Jan. 16 Spanish papers
here, the organs of resident Spaniards,
continue abusing the United States
and demanding war. They censure
the American Government for even re
ceiying the Cuban leaders.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
THE DEADLOCK CONTINUES.

Annapolis, Nd, Jan. 16.--The third
ballot for the United States Senator
ship taken to-day, leaves the result
apparently as far off as ever. Neither
candidate made material gains or
losses. The ballot resulted: Yelling
ton (Rep.),26; Goldsborough (Rep.),
10; Westcott (Rep), IS; Dryden
Rep.0 4; Mulliken Rep), z; Dixon
(Rep), 2 Smith (Dem.), "a; Page
Dem.), 9.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
A LETTER FROM Mr.. EckELs
He Urges Banks to Subscribe for the
New Bonds,

Washington, Jan. 16.-The admins
tration apparently is making use of
every legitimate means to make the
Forthcoming popular loan a conspicu-
Gus success. With a view to stimulate
general interest in the issue, Mr..
Eckels, the Comptroller of the Cur
rency, with the approval of the Presi-
dent and Secretary Carlisle, has sent
copies of the following circular letter
to all the National banks in the United
States:
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
4 DEATH N DURHAM.

Durham, n. G., Jan. To- Especial
Albert, infant son of Mr.. and Mrs. j.
B. Walker, died last night at O'Clock.
The remains will be buried from the
home on Aston avenue this (Friday)
afternoon at , o'clock
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17
coUNTERFErrERs ARRESTED.

New York, Jan. 1G.-United States
Secret Service agents to-day arrested
eleven Italians alleged to be members
of gang of counterfeit money
passers. One Of them, Nicolo Tomato,
is said TO be the head Of the Malta in
this country
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-01-17

Henry NJ Stanley, NJ. p, writing TO
a friend, declares that unless England
consents to the arbitration of the Ven
ezuela affair, war with America is
inevitable sooner or later.
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07

almandiues of srt at beauty in unlimited
quantities, CeyIon prouuces the honey
red essonite, which closely ressm bles the
honey red spessartite of Amelia Court
House, Va, that has recently been found
as a by-produet in mining for mica.
Wine-colored aarnets of value also come
from the Tyrol; while ut several Ameri-
can localities, especially along the Co.
lumbia River, large quantities of purple
almandite havs been found in the form
of rolling pebbles he finest red. garnet,
however, is the blood-r pyrope, found
in Bohemia, South America and the
United States. In Bohemia nearly all the
garnets are in an alluvium equivalent to
our glacial deposits, and associated with
q variety of fossils; also with sapphire,
zircon, etc. Such quantities of minute
garnets remain in the sands that result
from the operation of washing the soil
and gravel that the sands are kept and
sold for garden paths.
GEORGE f. KUNZ.
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07
A Kabyle Hero.

The easy going Kabyles push democracy
to extreme limits, living on familiar and
equal terms with their cattle and their
swine, all occupying the common dwell
ling. A fine, hardy race of great bravery
and many noble traits, they yet resem BILE
the Arabs in their want Of honesty. A
story is told of chief of theirs, Mokrani,
which makes US think the days of chivalry
are not yet gone. When, worsted in the
Franco German war in 1871, the French
had to withdraw their troops from Algeria,
and thus grand opening was left for in
surrection, Mokrani would not rebel, as
he had pledged his word to the Algerian
governor that there would be no uprising
against the French authority until the war
was over. Even when peace had been
made and he was thus released from his
promise, he gave 4S hours notice to the
French of his intention to commence hos
Utilities against them. Verify he was a
hero, and he died hero's death in the
thick OF battle. -Westminster Review.
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07

A careful survey of one of the best of
these, Eldorado Bar, led to the estimate
that il would yield some 1900 ounces of
sapphires to the acre; but only part of
thess may be Of gem quality. The stones
found embrace a great variety of light
shades Of red, yellow, blue and green.
The laJter color is quite pronounced, be-
ing rather blue green than an emerald
green. Nearly all Of them, when finely
cut. have marvellous metallic luster,
very beautiful and strikingly peculiar to
these from this locality. Much money
has been spent here in work, but no true
red rubies or true blue sapphires have
been found; the so-oalled rubies found
here, if of any deep color, are generally
pyrope garnets.
The finest turquoises, ami richest in
color, have been found, for centuries, in
small veins in clay slate near Nisha-
poor, near Meshed, Persia: but these
mines, long SO prolific, have been rudely
worked, and are now almost exhausted.
Many turquoises reach the market from
Egy pit; they are really obtained from
Mt. Sinai. This variety, although gener-
ally dark blue when found, often changes
in short time to milky green. Very
lately, also tn q loises have been an
nounced in New south Wales, Australia,
but the yield thus far has been trifiing
and of very inferior quality. Santa
Fe, New Mexico, is the principal source
of supply, and SO are the Buno Noun
tains. Grant CT lty; the rocks here are
yellow and gray quartzite sandstone
with porphyry dykes; tine sandstones are,
probably, of Carboniferous age but SO
uplifted and metamorphosed That their
sedimentary character is obscured.
Nearly every mine so far discovered
was worked by the natives before the adj
vent of the Spaniards. The Spaniards
seized upon the turquoise mines at Los
Cerilios when they conquered New Mexi-
CO, and forced great numbers Of captive
Indians to work them; but in 1880 a
large part Of the mountain fell in, crush
ing a number of miners. This accident
was the Immediate cause of an uprising
sion of the Spaniards. The Pueblo In
dams procured the turquoise by cracking
the rock from the sides of the mine by
throwing water on the walls after they
had been heated by fires built against
them. This process generally injured
the color. But since 1890 improved
methods have been successfully used.
Recent exploration have disclosed old
workings In all the mines Of New Mexi-
CO and Arizona; fragments of pottery,
stone hammers, and similar objects are
found on the ground and are discovered
within the long-hidden cham bers. also
in the similar case of the Arabian tur-
quoise mines near Sinai.
Companies are now working mines near
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07

Los Cerillos, and the Buno Mountains,
New Mexico. and elsewhere in that re-
gion. Much OF the produces is pale in
color; but great quantity of fine tur-
quoise Of robins egg hlue equal to the
finest Persian stones, is obtained, and q
single piece sold for 81, 900 is reported.
Many of these gems have gone to Europe.
where their excellence is acknowledged
and the total American sales from 1890 to
the beginning Of 1894 were not less than
$500. 900. This has proved the most profit
able gem mining in the United States.
The most productive emerald mines,
affording the finest gems, are near
Muzo, an Andean village, in the State Of
Boyaca, United States of Colon bia, about
eighty lies northwest of Bogota These
mines lie in deep round valley, and
had been worked for many centuries be-
fore the advent OF the Spanlards. They
are now the property of the governmnt,
which rents them to a company. Elmer
aids from these mines the Spaniards
brought from Peru and took to Spain
where they were sold within a short time
to Farther India. The mine itself is an
excavation about six hundred feet wide,
at the base Of an abrupt cliff of bitumi-
nous limestone. This company employs
five or six overseers, and 800 to 400 native
workmen, who are lodged and fed on the
premises, and get 20 to 40 cents day
The work is done simply by tearing off
with crowbars fragments of the rock
from the side OF the mine which Is cut
into narrow terrace, like a gigantic
staircase, and throwing them into a
trough at the bottom. When a certain
quantity has been tumbled down, a
heavy rush Of water from a res ervoir is
sent through, breaking up and carrying
away all the light rock, and dlsengaging
the emerald crystals; these, being heavy,
sink to the bottom of the sluices and axe
caught by the riffier. This is simply the
operation of sluices. we'll known to placer
miners for gold. The emeralds occur in
cavities and among the looes black pow
der which fills many of the veins. The
sluice boxes are watched very carefully;
but, as elsewhere, large proportion OF
the stones are stolen and surreptitiously
sold by the workmen. All the emeraids
saved are at once sent to Paris to be cut.
The product is worth about $10o,o 600 n
year.
'The most recent discovery of emeralds
is at the Eayille mines in the northern
part of New South Wales. The emeralds
occur in granite rock, and are generally
crystallized out as implanted crystals.
Although 40, 900 carats of these stones
have been found they are generally very
pale in color, and no really fine gems
have been obtained.
Magnificent emeralds have come from
the rich and varied gem deposits On the
Siberian side of the Ural Mountains
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07
What It Wanted.

Young Housekeeper (anxiously)-Is
the mince pie good? Now, tell me
frankly. It's the first ever made.
Her Husband (promptly)-Yes, in.
deed; it's splendid, Helen; excellent
not quite spice enough, perhaps.
Her Father-Very good, my daugh-
ter, but dash of brandy will improve
it. It seems dry, rather.
Her Mother-You We done wonderful
ly we'll, dear. The crust needs a little
more shortening. Did you put salt in it!
Her Sister-You needn't be ashamed,
I'm sure, for first attempt. But, good
ness, why didn't You lot me chop the
raisins?
Her Brother-O K, Nell-first rate !;
only what's the matter with the bot
tom Of its 1t tastes like dough.
Young Housekesper with sarcasm y
Thank you all very much. I'm delight.
ed to know that my pie is such com.
Qlete uocess.--Brooklyn Life.
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07
GOOD ROADS IN FRANCE.
The System That Has Made tho French
HiEhwayman Famous.

Modern Gaul has learned from It's
ancient oouqueror, the Roman, the grea
lesson Of the Importance of good roads,
learned it so thoroughly that there ia no
other nation now on earth which might
not well take lessons of her The Ger
man roads have. indeed, many adm IT.
able points, but there is no mora ductili-
ty or adaptableness in them than in the
German character. The German road
builder shows naughty disdain for nat
ural obstacles. If a hill gets in his way,
SO much the worse for the hill; it must
expect to be trampled on. He follows
science SO vigorously that he sometimes
forgets that it is not true in practical
affairs as in mathematics that the
straight line is the shortest. 1t is to
Franco, then, that we may most conf
IDENTIFY look for practical suggestions fol
the great road building movement which
is just beginning in this country, aid
all who are interested in the subject will
find much to stimulate and to guide thsi1
thought in the small manual of "Roads
and Pavements in France" by Alfred
Perkins Rockwell, just published. Mr..
Rock well was formerly professor of min
ing at the heffield Scientific School, and
at the Massachusetts Institute of Tech
nology, and his professional equipment
Is we'll known in this section OF the ooun-
try SO that his comments WILL be read
with quite as much interest as his care
full notes of facts.
Like all scientific students of the sub
Iont hTr all holt in,
work, as opposed to cheap makeshifts
which are the dearest as we'll as the
worst. He shows how far Europe is
ahead of us in this matter, and that the
counterpart of our wretched "dirt"
roads, which are deserts in summer and
impossible morasses in the spring and
autumn, can be found only in the more
backward provinces of Russia. In France
highly educated engineers have been
working out the problem of the best road
for practical use for over 100 years, and
we may we'll study what they have to
teach us.
1t is commonly held by Americans who
consider themselves "practical' that the
road systems of Europe are well enough
for small and thickly populated coun-
tries, but that the initial expense OF a
"fanoy' roadbed is too heavy for our
sparsely settled districts to undertake.
1t is interesting, therefore, to notice that
according to Prof. Rockwell's report the
tendency III France in recent years has
been toward less expensive roadbeds, the
developments of road making science max
ing it possible to reduce the auartity of
material without impairing the efficiency
Of the road. The amount saved is put
into annual repairs, and so skillfully and
SO thoroughly are these repairs made
that the road, instead of deteriorating
rs is almost universally the case with us,
grows better and better year after year.
No suspicion of g. rut is allowed, and
when one begins to form, instead of FILL
ing it, with the res~l+ IF irrr-ed lately
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07

For nearly two centuries the Urals have
been noted for their remarkable produo-
lions OF beryl, emerald, a,nthyst, topaz,
both blue mad sherry oolor; tonrmaline,
alexandrite, pheRaoite and other minerals
and gems that for beauty and quantity
have given this region foremost place
in the mineralogioa! collections of the
world. The mines are mainly open ex-
eayatfons. L hey are worked only By
peasants Of the Ursl Mountains when
they ere not busy in the fields, never by
proper machinery. yet they are source
of rsyen ue to the Russian Crown. The
emerald mines of Takoweja, near
Ekatherinburg, were leased for many
years to company at an annual rental
of go, 900 rubies, but have not been
worked since 1850 when the company
could not afford to pay the rental; and
until some one pays 1t 6neralds will not
be mined in Russia Many fine gems
were found hero, as we'll as the alexan-
drite and phenacite. The magnificent
beryls Of Russia were found about six ty
miles north of here and in Seberia..
Emerald M lining in the United States
is of recent development; at Stony Point.
in Alexander county, N. O., in 1880,
beautiful light colored specimens were
found, but not in profitable quantities
or Of good quality. They occur in rad
grayelly clay and in the gneissoid rock
of the Blue Ridge; the former o decom-
position Of the latter. As crystals they
are magnificent, but they have little gem
value. All those obtained by the Emerald
and Hiddenite Mining Company in a
dozen years Of working at these mines
have not exceeded SIS, 600 in value. Some
fifty miles west OF Stony Point, in lit
chell county, new locality was dis
covered in 1894, but none of the material
afforded gems.
Fine beryls occur at Stoneham, Me.
and on Mount Antero, Col, at an alti-
tude of Is, 600 feet and at a mica mine
near New Milford, Conn where SIS, 900
worth were found between 1885 and 1889.
1t is in granitio rocks that the finest
yellow topaz is found at Minas Geraes,
Brazil, AS well as the blue, green and
white topszes in Peru, in the Ural, in
Siberia, Japan, Madagascar, New Zea-
land, and in 1889 at Bald Mountain,
near Chatham, N. H., in Colorado and
Texas, and In igneous rocks in -Colora-
do, Mexico, Australia, Straits Settle
ment, eto.
Garnet is widely distributed gem CO.
curing in any varieties in almost all
mountain ranges compose of crystalline
rocks, and under very diverse geological
conditions. From the gold washings at
Sysserk. in the Ural Mountains, come
green garnets of high value, enormously
called oliven; while the Pegu mines in
the Rangoon district of British Burmah
and Jeypur, India, furnish the purple
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07

starting new rur, the material is care
fully scraped off. 80 as to leave a smooth
surface.
1t is in repairing roads that we are per-
maps weakest, and Prof Rockwell's
studies are specially suggestive in this
direction. 1t is hardly worth while to
build q good road if it Is to be neglected
OF spoiled by badly managed repairs.
Two general systems are in use in
France, patchwork repair, which consists
IN restoring annually to the road In worn
patches quantity Of broken stone equa
Ing with immediate slighter repairs as
they are nesded. The latter has been
found, after extended trial, to be the
more satisfactory and economical, and ia
now used almost altogether on national
roads The stress laid upon keeping the
roads from detreiorating is shown by the
minute method OF inspection adopted.
Every few years the whole system of
Routes Nationales is thoroughly tested,
transverse trenches being dug every 656
feet to permit of accurate examination of
the condition and quantity of the ma
terial. In this way deterioration Ia made
impossible, and at the same time no ma
terial is wasted by being put where 1t is
not needed. There are $4,000 miles Of
national roads, and they are in this way
kept in almost perfect condition.
One result Of this elaborate research
has besD TO show that great thickness
OF broken stons Is not necessary for good
results II 1t is properly laid. The ten
dency is also to do away with the stone
foundations which were formerly
thought necessary, substituting for what
we know as the Telford system, but
which was really invented by French T
engineer. Tresaguel, about 1854, the sys-
tenn which we name after Macadam, al.
though it had already been used in
1aS Df Al
roads only 1900 now have a foundation.
The early experiments in maoadamizing
demanded eight or ten inches of broken
stone, but where the soil Is finn it has
been found possible to reduce this
amount until the general examination
of 1891 showed an average thickness of
only 5 Is inches without deterioration.
Four inches is the limit below which it
Is deemed unsafe to 60, and only one
eighth Of the road surface has over eight
inches.
AS will be seen for these detailed in
stances the book Is thorough and pract-
cal. and no roadmaker can afford to do
without it. The closing chapter a re de-
voted to the pavements of Paris, and
bring out the not generally known TACT
that wood is coming to be the favor ite
paving material in that capital instead
of asphalt. 1.-The tendency today is to
substitute asphalt and wood, mainly the
latter, for Block stone and maoadam,
especially for macadam. In certain out
lying parts of the city macadam will still
be retained, and in Others, from the ma
ture Of the traffic, block stone will still
be preferred, but the use of wood is de-
oidedly on the increase" A detailed ao-
count is given of the organization and
method of this sys EN- of paving. and
there is also a suggestive chapter on the
sidewalks of Paris, which are generally
admitted to be the best in the world,
The Portland daily press., 1896-03-07
A Wise Child.

"Dbkie, what do you want for your
birthday PRESENT.
"Oh, papa, get me a savings bank that
mamma can't get nickels out of with a
bairnir. "--Chioago Record.
The Daily Ardmoreite. [volume] (Ardmore, Okla.) 1893-current, 1896-01-31

"Say, partner, ycr ION NeyT York,
amt ye?' heard one tra,rp say TO an
other the ether d. as they sat summing
themselves OF o. osite sides Of the path
in Union sqUara.
The weary cent nan o5dressed made
an evasive reply tended 70 create the
impression of 2 negative without being
one in terms.
Eyes, y'aIe," continued the first in
an aggravatngly persistent tone of
voice 1--WE been watchin yer, an
yer've been keepin that foot O. yours
movin all the time yer was asleep, an
tn amt but one place in this country
where the gazabos learn that, IA that S
in City Hall park, New York, where
yer have to give the cops some kind O.
excoos while yer settin up sleepin or
they'll run yer in. I've been there.
partner, an I kin do it myself.
"But. say" and the voice assumed a
confidential, conte-lptuous tone. "you
don't have - 90 { II this town. San
Francisco Chronicle.