The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1896-06-24

over the whole two finely chopped un-
peeled Eadishes and a little parsley
Serve cold.
Why the Water Of the Sen Is Salty.
Very many years ago there lived in
Europe a wise man who was all the
time trying, in his own way, to make
new discoveries in nature. He had
noticed, as perhaps many of you have
done, that in old tea-kettles which
have been used for a long time there
is often a crust of stone about the
sides and bottoms.
"It is certainly %stone,' said he.
"Now, there has been nothing but wa,
ter put into this kettle, and whence
| has this stone come 2"
He studied the matter carefully and
for a long time, and then he came to
the conclusion that the water had, by
boiling, been changed into stone. To
prove that this was true, he took clear,
fresh water from a spring, and boiled
it in a clean, new kettle. After a
time, just as he expected, the sides
and bottom of the kettle were covered
with a layer of stone. -.
"No one can now dispute the fact"
said he. "Stone is made from hot wa.
ter. Could we only produce enough
heat, all the water of the ocean might
be turned into solid rock
This was a very strange conclusion,
you will think; and so it was. But
where did the stone in the tea-kettle
come from if it was not made out Of
the water !?
Put a little salt into a basin of va
ter. After a little while you will see
no salt in it, but al. of the water will
taste salty. The salt is so nearly the
color of the water that n cannot see
any change in the liquid-it looks as
pure and fresh as when it was first
drawn from the spring. But taste the
smallest drop of the water and you
taste the salt also for the salt has
been divided into a great number of
little particles, which float all through
the water-thousands of them in every
drop-and make it salty.
If you had put indigo instead of
salt into the water, every drop Of the
water would have been blush, because
it held many PARTICLES of indigo.
In the same way a little sugar will
sweeten a great deal of water. The
sap or juice Of the sugar-cane or the
sugar-maple is nothing but water, with
many fine particles Of sugar in it.
When the water is boiled away, these
particles remain behind as so much gu
gar. By boiling salt water We also OBJ
tain salt. The water goes away in the
form of vapor or steam, and leaves the
solid matter behind.
If you had weighed the water before
you put the salt into it, and had caught
all the steam and held it until it had
cooled into water again, you would
have found, on weighing it a second
time, that no water had been lost and
you would have found that it did not
taste of the salt. Also, if you had
weighed the salt before putting it into
the water, and then again after the
water had been all boiled away, you
would have discovered that none of it
had been lost.
There is a great deal Of salt in the
ground. There are also many other
things which dissolve in water. When
the rain falls frou. the clouds, it sinks
into the ground and takes up these
substances in small particles, just as
you have seer water dissolve sugar
and salt. When The Eatsr bubbles up
nm@springs and runs down the rivers
into the sea, it still holds the little
particles of salt, or stone, or whatever
they may be, and adds so much more
however little it may be-to that which
the sea already contains. Thus it is
that the water of the sea has become
salty.
When salty water is boiled, what
becomes Of the water -? 1t escapes in
the form of vapor or steam. What
becomes of the salt? 1t is left be-
hind in the vessel. When water that
is full of particles Of stone boils away,
what becomes of the stone?
You will have no trouble now in
telling where the stone which is found
in the tea-kettles comes from. You
are wiser in that respect than the wise
man of whom I have told you, for you
know that stone is not made of water.
What forces the water to leave the
particles of salt and other matter
which is gathered from the earth ? 1t
is heat. tits by heat that it is driven
off in the form of steam or vapor.
This vapor goes up into the ar. When
it there becomes so thick that we a
see it, we call it a fog or a cloud.
The clouds are blown by the wind
into cooler regions Of air. and the va
Dor condenses into drops and comes
back to the earth in the form of rain:
The rain drops sink into the ground
again, and once more gather little par
ticles of salt, or stone, or some other
mineral, which they carry down to the
sea. Then2they are again turned into
vapor by the heat of the sun, and
again driven over the earth by the
wind, to water the parched ground and
gladden. the farmers heart by making
his crop grow abundantly. And this
change is going on every day, all over
the world, yet not drop OF water,
not a particle of matter. of any kind,
is gained or lost.
Now you not only know why a layer
of stone is found in old tea-kettles,
but you have learned why the water
of the sea is salty, what becomes of
steam or vapor, and what causes rain.
By thinking a moment, you will also
be able to tell why we have salt
springs and sulphur springs, and why
the waters in different springs and
wells are so unlike.-Selected
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