The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1896-03-14

three vows and also the vow of persever-
ance until death.
Redemptorists can accept no ecclesias-
tical dignities outside of their own con-
gregation, except by special dispensation.
Their daily rule is very strict. They have
three meditations and two examinations
OF conscience every day.
Every week they assemble in chapter
to accuse themselves of their faults.
Twice week they take the discipline.
Strict silence is observed for three hours
every afternoon and from the time of
evening prayer until after meditation
next morning. One day every month is
spent in solitary confinement Once
every year there is q retreat of ten days
The Redemptorists first arrived in New
York on June 90, 1842, from Germany
and remained q distinctly German order,
working mainly among the Germans
until 1S4S, when the two first English
speaking novices We're admitted. Their
life was wandering one among the Ger
mans of New York and Ohio, the French
of Wisconsin, the Indians of North Michi-
gan and the cholera stricken patients of
Dstroit.
ODD LAWS OF THE FRANCTSCANS.
One of the harshest orders is that of the
franciscan Monks. The order was
founded by ST. Francis in 1882 Its mem
bers take the three usual vows, and live
life of alternate labor, fasting and
prayer. They wear no linen, only a
| coarse WOODEN cassock tied around the
waist with rope. Originally a mendi-
can't order in this country, the friars de-
vote themselves to mission and parochial
work. There is an old law still in force
prohibiting them from riding on horse
/ back. Another old law, which, however,
has been abrogated. prohibited them from
holding conversation with women. In
the olde1 days they had to go barefooted
even Oil the coldest days. but now they
are permitted to wear sandals, but with
out stockings
A branch Of the Franciscan order Is the
Capuchin Brotherhood. Their dress and
the regulations of the order are quite
similar to those of the F'ranciscans, ex-
cept that they wear long beard and a
peculiar hood for covering the head in
inclement weather. The order was
started by two monks who seeded from
the Franoiscans in the first years of the
sixteenth century, They were not rec1g
nized by the church until 1927, when Pope
Clement VII. officially established the
selves largely to missionary work and
have been in this country for many years.
A LONELY BROTHERHOOD.
The Carmelite Brotherhood dates back
to the time of the Crusades, when it was
established by union of all the converts
of the Holy Land Perpetual abstinence
from fresh meat was for a long time in
force, but it is now permitted at certain
seasons. Each brother lives in separate
cell by himself, and silence is enjoined.
From Sept ID until Easter rigid fast is
observed.
The Passion1st Fathers rival the friars
Of La Trappe in the rigor of their relig-
jous devotion.
VOWS Of poverty, chastity and obedience,
bind themselves to endeavor to excite In
the hearts Of the faithful the remem-
brance Of the Passion of Christ.
Their founder was Paul Francis Danei,
known as ST. Paul of the Cross. A
Genoese, he was in 1920 invested by the
Bishop of Piedmont with habit he had
seen in an ecstaoy, consisting of black
casscck and mantle OF COARSE material,
the cassonk grit at the waist with
leather belt. On the cassock is embroid
cred white heart, surmounted by
cross, with the letters "JESC XDI
PASSIO," meaning the Passion of Jesus
Christ.
The Rassionists fast three days in every
week and every day during Advent and
Lent. They wear nothing on their feet
but sandals. They rise at night to say
mathis. They preserve more Of the medi-
aeval monastio form than any other of
the modern congregations
The order was introduced into the
United States in 1859 by the Right Rev.
Michael O'Connor. Bishop of Pittsburg.
In 1851 they built the monastery in West
Hoboken, which is now the residence OF
the Provincial.