davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
sorIcE OF FORFEITURE


To TKERkScK AcGovERs
You are hereby notified that have expended
two hundred dollars ftogl In labor and i'm
proverenI upon the Maggie lode mining
claim, situate ia Yankee FORK Mining District.
Custer county. state Of Idaho, that being the
amount required 70 hold said premises under
the proF1siOEs Of Section <<Sf. Revised Statutes
Of the United States for the year lrs5 and Iss5.
And II within ~ days from the service Of this
nCtice you fail or refuse 70 contribute your por-
tiDn Of said expenditure s. co-owner IN said
quartz claim which amounts 70 one hundred
dollars 600. together With the cost Of this
notice, your Interest IN the Magic viii be-
come the property o. the subscriber un6er said
Section zss4.
THOMAS McCOvERS-.
Custer Idaho. Jan .. 1875
FfrSt publication Feb. 4. 10
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
APPLICATION FOR 4 P4TEyT.
EOTIcE 40. az
SLRFET yO- IIs1

C<rrED STATES LAND OEF1CEf
haley. Ic1ho. Dec Eli Lss5-
Notice is hereby given thai TIC Czaytoz
Mining and Smelling Company. ! eorporzti0a
duly Organized and existing under and u Fir
tue Of tie laws OF Ike Territory CT Utah zld
doing business Il the county o. Custer. Ss=-e Sf
Idaho By its attorney w. H Watt vhcse
postOnce address is Haley. Blasze county.
state OF Iisho. hzs made s77le=-ioz for =
United St=-es Patent for the
Shamrock
Lode mining elzrl- situate q -nsurTeysd iza1
II Bsy Horse MiaIzg Dlstrzer. Custer e0Uu.y-
state Of idaho consisting o: 81 linear fee OF
the lode and surface ground go fees vide. being
Survey No. II5I. and described Il tie lid
notes and plzf OF the ozzeiaI survsy On NE IN
this once With magnetic variation ~ - degrees
ard - minutes east. as follows:
Beginning st The discovery point CT this claim.
and running thsnce uor-h . degrees = min
utes west sof feet 70 corner No 1, from this
corner {. s n " No l. bears north IS deg
rees sOrniautes y seconds east. sss-s feet
thence south > degrees 81 minutes east ds. feet
10 coEzer No =; theaee south : degrees 2 Ei1-
utes west 75s feet to corner No 3 thence north
3 degrees = minutes west 81 fest 10 eor1eE
No 4 thence north IS degrees 2 minutes east
Isl rses TO corner No 1. the place Of beginning
survey Of exterior oouadsries OF this claim, il
GLIDING an AREA of IOSis acres applied for NJ
conflicts
re said mining claim be3zS o. reeord in tSs
o1ce Of TIE County Reeou1s- Of said Eiains
District. AZ ChslIis. in Custer county. State O
Idaho. The nearest known locations being tn
Cuba Lode tunsCrveyeti- The Bull o. ths
Woods Lode Cuzsurvsyedl. AMI the SKY Lsrs
Lode Los No. "a
I Any aud AL persons claiming adversely any por
ton Of the said Shamrock Lode mining claim O
surface ground are required TO file their s6versI
claims thereto with the Register OF the UnitsS
States Land once. ~ HALEY. State O. Idaho
within the sixty days publication thereof, o
they viii Be barred BY virtue Of the provision
/ o. the statute in such cSssS made and provided
I w h BRoDHEAD. Register.
( O@=
I direct that the foregoing Notice OF Appiic7
ton Tor Patent Dc published for the period Q
sixty days lte1 consecutive weeKSl il TIE SIL
YES MESSESGER. weekly newspaper publish
Ell at Chslis, Custer county. Safe Of IdahS
besnx the newspaper published nearest sal
claim W h BEoDHEAD. Register
First publication Dec. Il. A. D. lss6
VII. WATT. Attorney for Applicant-
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
APPLICATION FOB A PATENT.
E0TICE 10. 4zs.
SCRFEY NO Isl
CHTxxo STATES LAND OFxrcx }
Halter I5zho- Seuc - feeSu

Ia q
HALEY. Ldzho. Sept n nes-
Notice Is hereby given thst o. j. Salisbury.
By w. Il Watt. his s1toEz<J -ta-Ezet. whose
pOszo1z-e address IS Haley Blzt1e county
state q Id4nos has made s9ssaa1atio1 for .
Caf.ed STATES Pzterf, for the
Guy C. Barron
Lode mining claim situate Or UnsurTeyed 1zz4
Il B@yhcrse Ming District Custer eot1IT-
stale Of Idaho. eo1sisEiza Of I50s I1e&r feet q
she lode and surface grvg1d sass feet vide,
notes and pat o. the o-rci4l survey On lie IN
this cn7re EISh Ezznezic vzri@zlcc a. le degrees
and 5 1inEtes ezs-- as follows
Beginning =. ths discovery poiz1 q this CLAIM
and running tnenes south - degrees 10 minutes
east &4i FEET 20 corner No I. FROM this corner
C = n Il No bears Eorsh - degrees =
, degrees 10 minutes WeS- sTl5fe<9 10 corner
No :. rhezcs south - degrees - EtE1reS west
Isse-5 feet % corner No ). tHence sodth ? de-
Erees - minutes east SOS feet 20 corner Va 4.
theuce norrh = degrees Is minutes east SsD
feet &c CoTZEr No I. Tie Place Of bsg1nz-ng szr-
veg Of exterior bo116zries Of this claim n
Gliding 81 AREA o 71-t<T s<-ss applied foz- No
cou1icrs-
ne sad mining claim being Of record in the
once Of TIE Cou1ry Recorder o. sad MininsZ
District 81 Calls In Custer comfy Stz-e OF
Ldzho- Tae nearest known Ioeatto1s being EHe
Hiberutz- Jarvis. japan Hoos1er AID Cer7efery-
Any AID al perso1s el1iElzg z1sersSy s1T
portion q the said Guy c. BzrtOa lode mining
claim or surface gr01zd are required To ne
rzsir adverse e1ziEs EhEre1O x1tE The REGISTER
o. The United States Land O=.ss- a. Hzil~y,
Sssls u I5zho. within TIE sky Gays p1Ollea-
sso1 thereos- or thy vii Be barred y virtue Of
the prov1szoaS o. the salute II s1ea eases Ezz6e
VII BRODHEAD. Register
O=
direct that the foregoing Notice C Appl1e2-
tioa for Pa-ea- be published for the period -
sixty 1zys N=u Consecutive Eee<sJ Ii 1HE
>ILvEa u zSSESGEz- : xeekly zsESrEre- rGb-
iisE=d At ChzIIis. Custer comfy. state q Idaho.
bsein.z -hs zSzspzper published nearest said
e-asEn W H BRODEEAD- Register
First v1h5cAsfoo Oc-- :. Il D lszS-
VII MATT Attorney FOR Applicant
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
application for a Patent.
Notice Ne. ASS.
Survey No. ll64.
UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE. !
HALEY, Idaho, November md. 1925.

UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE.
HALEY. Idaho, November md. 1895.
Notice is hereby given, That o. ]. Salisbury,
by W. H. Watt. his attorney INTACT, whose
State OF Idaho. has made application for a
United States Patent for the
BEARDSLEY MILL SITE
Claim situate on unsurveyed land in Bayhorse
Mining District. Custer county, State OF Idaho,
consisting OF 4. ps7 acres surface ground, being
Survey No. il64, and described in the field notes
and plat of the Official survey on file in this
office with magnetic variation at is degrees
and Is minutes east, as follows
Beginning at Corner No. l. from whence Z. ;.
NJ NJ. No. bears north o. degrees . minutes
minutes west $50 feet TO Corner No. ,: thence
north ~ degrees - minutes west $50 feet 10
Corner No. 5: thence north S44 feet 10 Corner
No. 4; thence south 81 degrees Ii minutes east
T5s. ? feet TO Corner No. 5; thence south . de-
Erees - minutes west S62.T feet TO Corner Nos;
thence north IS degrees 81 minutes west us
feet to Corner No l. the place OF beginning sur
vey of exterior boundaries of this Mil site
including an area Of +.ss5 acres applied for. No
conflicts
The said Min Site being OF record In the ONCE
OF the County Recorder of said Mining District,
at ChalliS. in Custer county. State of ldano.
The nearest known locations being the Bay
horse Mill Site. Survey No, $50, and the River
view Mill Site. Survey No. as b.
Any aud all persons claiming adversely any
portion Of the said Beardsley Mill Site claim
or surface ground are required to hle their ad-
verse claims thereto with the Register OF the
United States Land Ossice, 1T HALEY, State OF
Idaho within the sixty days publication there
OF, or they will be barred By virtue OF the pro,
W. IL. BRoDHEAD, Register.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
Coming Coming

Messrs. Stephen & Schefstad
the Butte dentists, who have
been in Salmon for the past 8
weeks, intend visiting our town
in the near future. They have
done great amount of work in
Salmon. and in every instance
their work has given entire sat
isfaction.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
Nh ('[)|[)
WIN
PRENTlSS
Rectifying Pill.

Leaves no constipation, cures
it, as well as biliousness, sick
headache and malaria. The only
comfortable pill in the world.
Sold by all druggists or sent by
mail on receipt of price, % cents
per box. Prentiss Chemical Co.,
ALA California Street, San Fran
cisco, Cal.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25

DID YoU EVER THINK
That from q small investment you
might become Independently rich.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25

direct that the foregoing Notice Of Applica-
tion for Patent be published for the period CT
sixty DAYS (ten consecutive weekSl in THE
SILVER MESSENGER y weakly ne SSpaper pub
liShed at Ckallis, Custer county, stale OF Idaho,
being the newspaper published nearest said
claim W. n. BRODHEAn. Register.
FIRST publication Norsz's0sr u. 4. D., 1895.
IS. ~ WATT. I,toraSr for .,ppiicdRt.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
GOLD MINES.
...-..-.- .ss.--..s
ION EYER KNOW

DID YOU EVER KNOW
That there was more millionaires
made from mining investments
than from any other source.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25

Descriptive pamphlet on Cripple
Creek and its gold mines mailed free
on request. Write for our weekly
market letter.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
APPLICATION FOB A PATKST.
NOTICE No <R7.
SURVEY 10 11z5
C~rED STATES LkSD OEFpx ,
HALEY Iizho- Se3r. q Iss6 I

E1AL-<-y- A--All- A-1Ha-
Notice Is hereby given tsas L @ CoEnash-
E.sssor1ce address Is H2ilEy- Blaine eogz-y.
State q Id4Ac. has nEzce application for d
CnIIsd states Pzterz for rnz
Frzerfo-
Lode uiniaz claim situate c1 unsurTeyed lznd
IN Yankee Pork L-1Lz- District Custer county.
STATE CT Idzha CONSISTING q SO linear fees q
the lode and surface grOG1d 1874 feet vide
te51 notes and plat C the O1cizl survey On nAs
ii KS O.zce- wirh u1zg1ecfe variation Al % de-
gress and 80 nizE-es east. As follo@s
Ee<inaizz At the discovery point q this claim
and running tEszce n9rth % degrees = minutes
WeS1 $3.50 feet asozsS The ccurS< - he ven IS
near A. rrzc-ieable- 10 center Of westerly end
lfre- tnence north degrees 45 minutes west as
feet 10 ceruer No l. 1rur1 Ekis corner T. - NJ
Il No. bears SoUIh = degrees - minutes -
seconds we>t 3 feet. tkeuce s0Erh degrees
soaEh - DEGREES - minutes -4st 80 fesk 70 cor
Eer Nc = rhEzce u5Esh 1e--eSS - MINUTES
wss- 1854 feet 10 ecT1er No. =. theme E0rrh -
degrees & minutes - SecoE1s Ees1 81 feet 10
exterior boundaries OF this cain, l1clGt1zg al
area Of els acres applied for No eo111rrs-
Ike SAIL -l1zl7-s c-z-r- being o. record II tEz
of&cS Of the Comfy Recorder OF said Mining
District. ~ ChzsliS- n Custer county safe az
IiSho- The 1SareS- kzou1 locations beng ne
Continental Lode, survey No s14- American
Girl Los1s- Los No n 2G1 The Badger Loos-
Lot No ~
Any and al rerscos claiming adversely any
porsioa o. The szio Fraction Lode mining esA1.a
verse claims tkerszo with the EczlSser Of the
United states Land Oz1Ce- ~ H1laey. SKATE OF
Idaho. within the sixty days Publication there
O. OF they VII Be barred b virtue q TIE pro-
visions q the statute in sUcA cases rsds and
WI ERODHEAD. Register
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
HOOD

Lode mining clSira. situate On unsuryeyed land
in BayhorSe MiniaE District Custer county,
State o. Idaho. consisting OF 80 linear .ces q
the lode aud surface ground go feet wide. being
Survey No. ll60 and described n The ted uotes
and plat Of the ofieial survey on lie in this
osice. with magnetic variation At degrees
and 81 minutes cast. as follows
Beginning at the discovery poict Of this
claim. AMI running south Is degrees west 40
feet to west center end OF claims theacs south
* degrees N minutes east So feet 70 corner
No. l thence north s. degrees ~ minutes west
81 fee, 70 corner No =, the0ce north - deSrses
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25

to roam in search of that man
who on the summers day raked
the meadow of clover hay.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
APPLICATION FOR 4 PATENT
NOTICE. No. Ss7.
SCRTEE NO. fIsa
UxIzxp STATES Land orsIcx.

UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE.
Haley. Idaho. nec- & ISsS-f
Notice is hereby given that TIE CLAYTON
Mining and Smelling Company. corporation
duly organized and existing under and By viz
tue OF the laws Of the Territory Of UsAh. and
dom. business in the county Of Custer, STATE OF
Idaho, by is attorney WI Wstt. whose
postof5ce address is HALEY. Blaine county,
State OF Idaho. has made application for =
United States Patent for the
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
Horse Restaurant.

Board by day to hay ..25 cts.
Hay and grain. ......... so cts.
By the week to hay. $50. $50.
BY the week to hay and grain s..
j. d. MITCHELL,
Houston, IDAHO
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25

direct that the foregoing Sosice q ApplAcS-
tio1 Tor Fzteat &c uGhll>1ed fer The rer1a<t OF
sixty days ten consecutive weeSsl In 1HK
SILvKE n ESSENCE weekly newspaper PAD
HShed ~ Calls Caster county. SAFE q Idaho.
heinz the newspaper published 7eSres1 said
el<irn W H B3O1EEAD. RegSsssr-
EIrS- pcbiic2iico Oct ;. a D $50
W H WATT. Attorney for ApQl1es1t-
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
zLEzs SUMMONS.

In the District COars Of the Fourth Juf1eizI
District Of the State Of Id@iso. eouEEg OF
Custer
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25
able First-Class.

A stable for the accommoda-
ton of 80 head of horses has just
been completed. Parties for the
Falls can secure the best of
teams at the hotel.
Mrs. w. M. DILL, Prop.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1896-02-25

In the District Court Of the Fourth judicial
District OF the State OF Idaho. County OF
Custer.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1896-11-28
How wasps and Bees Get Drunk.

Mr.. Lawson TAFT says: Il have
been watching the wasps with great
interest and have noticed the avldity
with which they attack certain fruit
when fully ripe, rotting in fact, and
have also noticed some of the peculiar
results Of their doing so. The. sugar
in some fruits which are most attack
ed by wasps has tendency to pass
into kind or kinds of alcohol in the
ordinary process of rotting. a fact
which is easily ascertained by the use
of still not large enough to attract
the attention Of the excise authori-
ties. On such fruit, particularly
grapes and certain plums, you will see
wasps pushing and fighting in num-
bers much larger than can be accom-
modated, and you will see them get
very drunk, crawl away in a semi
somnolent condition, and repose In
the grass for some time, till they get
over the 'sbout," and then they will
go at it again. 1t is while they are
thus affected that they do their worst
singing, both in the virulent nature
of the stroke and the utterly unpro-
yoked assaults of which they are gull
ty. / was stung last year by drunk
en- wasp, and suffered severely from
symptoms of nerve poison for several
days. In such drunken peculiarities
they resemble their human contempo-
raries.''
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1896-11-28

In the state, but without relief. In
fact, my sufferings grew worse daily,
until despaired of ever being cured.
II had been in this wretched condi-
ton for many months and was almost
a complete wreck, when first read the
advertisement of s. 8. s. Having tried
a dozen or more rheumatic cures' and
blood remedies with no success, Twas
almost hopeless, but decided to give
your medicine trial. did so, and in
a few weeks it had made permanent
cure of me. / was soon a well man
and have never had a touch of rheuma-
tism to this day. S. S. S. is indeed
a wonderful medicine, and shall ever
recommend it to all sufferers from this
worst of blood Diseases"
S. s. S. stands out distinctly to It.
self as real blood remedy, and for
half a century has been curing obsti-
nate and deep-seated blood diseases
which other medicines fail to reach.
s. 8. S. is not drug store preparation
and NO druggist can offer substitute
for it. 1t is guaranteed purely vege-
table, and contains not particle Of
potash, mercury, or any other product
of the chemists shop.
s. S. S. never fails to c,ire Rheuma-
tism, Eczema, Cancer, Scrofula, or any
other disease of the blood, it matters
not what other treatment has failed.
Our books on blood and skin diseases
will be mailed free to any address.
Swift Specific Company, Atlanta Ga.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1896-11-28
Through To MorsantoVn, W
Va, BY Water.

Pittsburgh, Brownsville s. Geneva
Packet Co., comprising three fine side
wheel steamers are now offering extra
inducements to parties desiring to
making delightful trip by water.
Steamers:
Adam Jacobs, M. A. Cox, Master;
Germania, d. BUGHER, Master; Jas.
G. Blaine, ADAM JACOBS, Master.
Time Of departure from Company
Wharf Boat, foot of Smithfield street,
going through to Morgantown: Daily
8 P. M, except Sunday, at $3.50 A. M.
Fare for the round trip, including
meals, $500. Time of departure from
Morgantown, daily $40 A. M. Round
trip tickets sold to all points.
All boats leaving Pittsburgh 90
through to Morgantown. For further
information concerning the line apply
on board of steamers or to
s. S. GRAHAM, Gen'l Agt.
Brownsville, Pa.
z. W. CARMACK, Agent,
Pittsburgh, Pa,
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1896-11-28
HUNTING TROUBLE.
Mexico Getting Ready For scrau

Mexico Getting Ready For a Scrap.
SAN ANTONIO, Tex, Nov. 21.-The
Spanish United States war scare is
causing intense excitement in Mexii-
co, and the Mexican Government is
busily engaged in preparing for the
possible conflict.
At all commanding points on the
Mexican coast strong defences are
being built, and at all harbors sub
marine dynamite mines have been
laid. All the vessels owned by the
Government are in dry dock being
overhauled. Twelve old hulks are
being converted into monitors.
In the harbor of Vera Cruz the
preparations are very active, the
Government employees working night
and day. The Dupont Powder Com
pany, of this country, has received
several large orders for powder and
high explosives, and the gun works
of Connecticut are working night
and day to fill orders from the Mexi-
can Government.
THE ARMY GREATLY INCREASED.
The standing army, which num-
bers "a, 1873 men, and has 2,270 off,
GERS on peace footing, has been in
creased to $4,000. Daily drills in the
manual of arms are the rule. The
reserves of 45, 900 men have been no
titled to begin drilling steadily, and
to hold themselves in readiness for
Government orders.
Effort has been made by the Mex
lean Government to keep secret its
preparations, and how successful has
become this effort is evident from the
fact that in spite of the great activ-
ity in Mexican War and Navy De
partment circles for weeks past, not
even an intimation of what was go
ing on has appeared in any of the
newspapers.
The facts leaked out only through
the movements of purchasing
agent for the Mexican Government,
who has been abroad in the interest
of the Government, and spent sever
al days in this city, on his way back
to Mexico.
The excitement in Mexico is due
to the advices from the Govern
ment's European agents to the effect
that Mexico would be seized by the
Spaniards in the event of war with
the United States, and that country
used as base of supplies.
WHAT THE sPANIARDs WANT
The harbor of Vera Cruz would be
used as naval rendezvous for the
Spanish navy. From Mexico the
land forces of Spain would invade
the United States.
Mexico is strong ally of the
United States, and President Diaz
and his people are not lovers of the
Spaniards. All contracts for instru-
ments Of war and supplies to the
Mexican Government state that the
goods must be delivered with limit
of go days. Many of the contracts
place the delivery at 80 days.
j. w. Grace, an American, who is
confidential friend of President
Diaz, and also of Minister of War
PHILIPPE Berrizable, is purchasing
the supplies for the Mexican Gov
eminent. He has just left this city
to return to Mexico.
Mr.. Grace spent all of the month of
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1896-11-28

How can this food of pernicious
reading be stayed? 1t must be
done, if done at all-in the express
sive language of Doctor Chalmers
Shy the expulsive power of a
new affection" A purer current
of thought at the fountain can
alone wash the channels clean.
For this purpose, l know of no
plan as yet conceived by philan-
thropy which promises to be SO
comprehensive and efficacious as
the establishment of good libraries
in all our school districts, open re-
spectively to all the children in
the state, land within half an hours
walk of any spot upon the surface.
Horace Mann.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1896-11-28

October abroad purchasing supplies.
At Paris he purchased all the mu-
nitions and military accoutrements,
including 5000 sabers, manufact-
ured for King Menelik, the Abyssin-
ian King, who just ended a campaign
against invaders of his country.
The Krupp gun foundry received
big orders for ready made artillery,
to be delivered Immediately. In
Chicago Mr.. Grace ordered from the
Racine Wagon Company 116 wagons
known as gun wagons. These wag-
ons are for the transportation of I'M
mounted light artillery. A reserve
order was placed for 500 men.
The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1896-11-28

By n. NJ. Frennenan, in Journal Of Edseasion
There is nc other one thing which |
controls the character Of place as its
latitude. Yet most pupils impress
sions of what it means are very vague;
probably because the subject is usual |
ly begun with definition. Besides, |
this definition is usually misleading.
He reads: Latitude is the distance
of a place to the equator, measured in |
degrees" etc. Having little expert
ence with the degrees, the principal |
impression left upon his mind is that
Of distance He may go through life
with the impression that the poles are
cold because they are far from the
equator; or that our country is warm
er than Canada because it is nearer to
warm place.
II is just as easy to begin at the
right end. The important thing in
latitude is not distance, but the di-
rection of the suns rays This can
best be studied from nature.
A familiar piece of apparatus, made
prominent by Professor Jackman. of
the Cook county normal school, is
the ''shadow stick, which may be a /
narrow strip of board, twelve inches
long, with perpendicular upright
piece at one end four inches high.
This simple apparatus must be laid
down level, in north and south d.
rection, with the upright piece at the
south end; the length of the shadow
must be marked just when the sun Is
crossing the meridian. The shadow
may be marked in this way each week
and its varying length will be very in
structive, principally because it win
direct the pupils attention TO the sun
itself as its place in the sky changes.
He sees that it is cold when the sun Is
low, and warm when the sun is high.
He will soon understand that at
places farther north over the earth's
curved surface the sun always looks
lower and farther south, higher. III
it were not for this, latitude would
mean nothing. Yet many teachers
never realize that the sun as seen from
London at noon is sometimes but If
teen degrees above the horizon, and at
st. Petersburg but six and one-half
degrees high at noon. Let IL be en-
phasized that the only essential in
latitude is the direction of the SUMS
rays, and that in observing this, we
are preparing ourselves in the only
possible way to understand the climate
of other ATTITUDES. Pupils ten years
OF age may do more than merely OBJ
serve the suns position. They may
state it in degrees. Constructs right
angled triangle whose altitude is the
length of the upright piece of the
shadow stick and whose base is the
length of the shadow. Measure the
angle at the base with protractor.
This will give the elevation of the sun
above the horizon in degrees.
The pupils of the fifth grade are
quite old enough to learn what is
meant by 'the sun is thirty degrees
above the horizon, nor twenty degrees
from zenith" or '.the north star is
forty degrees above horizon,n or "a
cloud is ten degrees long, 1t takes
no more time than to commit to men,
ory the definitions in the text book.