The advocate., 1896-07-15

over the center first, the stones settle
into and pack down the dirt in the
center, and in a short time a road that
when built had the properly curved
surface becomes almost or quite level,
thus allowing water to stand on it's
surface until evaporation and absorp-
ton remove it. While thus standing, it
has a tendency to soften certain grades
of stone, and allows them to wear away
faster, thus producing ruts and requir-
ing needless repairs.
An 1S-foot road requires six cubic
yards of crushed stone and one and one
half cubic yards of dressing to the rod.
making it nine inches deep in center
and tapering to four or five inches on
the sides. After the entire number of
rods is properly stoned and dressed,
burrows should be plowed along each
side, throwing the dirt against the edge
of the stone, thus forming bank to
keep it in place, and prevent its working
off and becoming scattered over the ad-
joining portions of the roadway.
Then when the road is properly
trimmed and leveled off to nice grade
10 the outer edge Of the ditch, take the
big roller, commence at this outer edge,
roll lengthwise, going around in a land,
and finishing up in the center. Thus
you put an improved roof on the ditch
and greatly lessen it's liability to wash.
You pack the outside stone first, and
that binds and holds the center stones
ia place, thus preserving the elevated
line of the road and putting it in best
shape to bear the surface traffic.
Such a road, where stone is reason
ably convenient, can be built by con-
tract for about $5.25 per rod, and where
part or all of the hauling is done by
volunteer work, the cost is greatly re-
duced. Gravel. not needing TO be
crushed, and being SO much easier TO
be taken from the pit, can be put on for
half, or even less than half, the cost IF
stone.
For clay roads, the only material diff
ference is that the side bitches must be
, uSCpCI dAlu buO NNluC
For sandy roads make the side bitches
more shallow and the cone wider and
hatter. They should be built, If pos
sible, when the sand is wet, for then the
grains Of sand have tendency to stick
together and will pack some, so that by
getting the stone or gravel roof on
while in that condition, the road is
much more apt to retain it's shape and
durability.
Sometimes there are narrow or
"single-track hard roads built at one
side of the main road, intended to be
used only during the muddy season.
There is no material difference in the
manner of building stone roads Of diff
ferent widths.
Narrow tracks are usually adopted
only by districts remote from cities and
available material. They are frequent
ly covered with drifted snow, the
hedges or fences shading them so that
the snow does not get off until late,
thus rendering them unavailable when
most needed.
McAdam and Telford are the names
usually applied to stone roads. The
former is the one generally adopted III
this country, and consists of breaking
the stone fine.
! Pieces larger than an egg should be
broken smaller. It is desirable to have
them range from hickory nut TO an
egg in size.
Telford's system consists in putting
larger stones on the bottom and cover
/ ing with small ones.
Such roads insure level or easy grades
and equal serviceability at all seasons