davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1896-03-27
Accidental Happenings.

Electric cars in st. Louis collided
with fatal consequences.
Fire started in the Cooper-Hagues
Furniture company's store In Denver
last evening, causing damage to stock
and building estimated at $40. goo.
Five workmen employed by the
Standard Oil company at Bayonne, N.
J., were severely burned by the over
flow of boiling tar from tank.
The residence of ex-Congressman D.
C. Giddings at Breham, Tex, burned.
Col. Giddings was badly scorched
about the head and face. The building
was valued at $4,000, partly insured.
The crews of incoming vessels at
Baltimore report great hardships at
sea during the past month and several
serious accidents as result Of heavy
| weather.
The three children of James Beau
soliel were left locked in the house
near Penetanguishene, Ont, while the
parents went to see neignDor. The
house took fire and before assistance
could he given the children were burn
ed to death.
A daughter of John Hahn, prosper
Gus farmer of the Choctaw-Hatchee
valley, Geneva county, Ala, was burn
ed to death while burning, brush. Her
brother and sister attempted to save
her. but their clothing became ignited
and both were fatally burned.
Crimes and Criminals.
Mrs. John keifer, an insane woman
IF Decatur, Alch., slashed her hus-
bands throat. He will die.
Henry Irwin, collector at Presque
Isle. Me-, is reported missing, and his
accounts are said to be short several
thousand dollars.
Edward Davicco, an inventor, who
conducted his business under the title
of the Eureka Fuel Economlzer CON-
pany, committed suicide at New York.
George Boetz, aged 1G, shot and kill
| ed himself in Floral Park, Union Hill,
n. j.. because he had been accused by
his stepfather of stealing two rings
and selling them.
Stephen Powell, merchant of
Hampstead, l.. l., was murdered with
in few feet of his own door. 1t is
thought robbery was the object Of
the murder.
Fidel Tritchler, aged 81 years, q
prominent baker and q member of sc.
iect council Of Allentown, Pa, muir.
dered his wife and then fired two bull
let's into his own brain. He cannot
recover.
Warren Burns, an Ottumwa, Iowa,
druggist took an opiate for his nerves.
1t produced delirium and he attempted
suicide by cutting the arteries in his
arm and neck. Physicians were sum-
moned in time to save his life.
Charles Montgomery, said to be the
leader Of gang which robbed the
Santa Fee passenger train near Hutch
inson, Kan, q year ago, has been ar.
rested and placed in Jail at Perry.
o. r.
A school house twelve miles from
Oklahoma City, in which several scores
Of colored people were holding con.
cert, has been blown up with dyna-
mite and several Of the occupants
slightly hurt.
The San Francisco authorities are
awaiting instructions from Washing.
ton for. entering proceedings against
Mayor Sutro for sending defamatory
| matter relating to Coils p. Hunting.
ton through the mails.
Carl Feigelbaun was resentenced in
New York by Justice Smythe to be
electrocuted during the week of April
-. He was convicted Of the murder
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1896-03-27

Naval Estlmates Passed.
Berlin. March 21.-The reichstag to,
day passed the naval estimates.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1896-03-27
Fire IT Barnesyille

Fire 1t 80Fne0V1IIe.
GAINESVILLE, MIMI, March q. = The
Great Northern freight depot was
burned this morning. Loss, $1,000.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1896-03-27
THE NEWS RESUME
DIGEST OF THE NEWS FROM ALL
PARTS OF THE WORLD. ..,s

Comprehensive Review Of the
Important Happe.inss or the
Past Week Called Frsn the Tel
egraph Reports-Ths Notable
Events at Home ,ana Abroad That
Have Attracted Attention.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
ARoJrV yVAsHING BUTTER.

''1n regard to butter making. / will
say. let everybody do it the way he
thinks is the best" writes Josva Morck,
of the Story City Gowa) creamery, to
an exchange I prefer to skim my
milk at 20 degrees, cool the cream
down to so degrees as soon as skinned,
and stir it three or four times during
ripening. 1 churn at present at 5S de-
rrees. Salt and color the butter to
suit the trade, wash the butter as little
as possible and work it only twice.
Tdy experience in temperature of churn-
ing is that 1 do just as well by churn-
ing at IS degrees as do when l churn
at so degrees. l never yet had to use
a, 'sscoop-shovel' to handle my butter.
It comes out of the churn just at the
right temperature for working, so l
think l am saving ice and work when
/ churn at SIS degrees l wash my but
ter as little as possible, using only five
or six pals of water at Sc degrees for
about 225 pounds butter. I think too
much washing spoils the flavor OF the
butter. Leaving it stand in water
from half an hour to an hour" which
I have seen butter-makers do, certainly
spoils the flavor
IT work butter only once. bu. If it
WAS lust as easy 1 would prefer not
to wash it at all. and then work it
twice. which 1 have done for five years
sn Denmark, where the butter-makers
would laugh if any one would tell
them it was necessary TO wash the
butter to get q clean flavor.
..My butter has for three years been
chipped to Chicago to the same com
mission house. and have since August
i been returned a cents for every
round. which, 1 think, proves that
washing butter is not necessary to pro-
duce a good article.
James Cheeseman, q noted dairy
authority and one of the most skilled
butter-makers OF the east, takes this
view of the question in an exchange:
~The object of washing is to remove
huttermilk and to firm the butter be-
FORE removing from the churn. Whether
N shall be washed or not, the butter
maker and the tastes of customers mus
1T win depend a little on the kind Of
-Vor-kroom used. If a separator is used
and sweet cream butter made whether
sal4ed or not for daily delivery, it is
better to finish off with brine wash
s,sinsg ABOUT one pint of water for every
Mound of butter in the churn. The
cover should be replaced and the churr
turned 8. dozen times by hand"
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
MAISINe ALFALFA HAy.

The conversion of heavy mass of
alfalfa. into a choice quality OF hay is
am operation, says B. F. Stuart in Arid
America. calling for no small degree of
skill and experience But the process
is one to be learned by intelligent OBJ
Eeryarion and practice rather than from
q written description The first and
second crops Of each season need to be
cured with especial care, or they will
cers2ar\ mold ia the stack. Beginners
need GO beware of this point. The knack
10 be acquired is that of curing the hay
sufficient to be assured of its keeping
sweet Ia the stack without becoming so
dry as to shed its leaves IN tire handling.
This cannot possibly be accomplished
Dy curing fully in the swath. A method
much practiced is to rake the alfalfa
while quite green into windrows, where
1t is allowed 10 stand until ready for the
stack. This process makes very nice
hay, but where a large acreage is TO
be taken care OF it is too slow and eX-
pensive. 4 alfa may be cured wi1h
entire success in the windrow, but it is
Important, when cured in this way, that
shore be ample facilities for putting
1t iaEo the stack very rapidly when
ready, otherwise II will become too dry
and much OF Il viii be lost in the
handling, especially If It has to be car
z'Ied from the fields on wagons. Alfalfa
snpDid be cut on thu first appearance
of bloom, as experiments have proved
It's nurTitive ratio 10 be considerably
higher at that age than later on.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
on either roots or extracts, all destroy

on either roots or extracts, all destroy
canaigre tanning materials
Z. The red and yellow coloring mat
tiers of canaigre affect the quality of
leather produced. The red matters are
less desirable and are formed chiefly in
the wild crop. They are not present in
quantity in cultivated roots. This fact
is considered an Improvement in the
quality of the root for tanning purposes
s. The sugar contained in canaigre
gives roots and extracts their -'plumping'
qualities. If properly managed it is
valuable factor in the production of heavy
feathers.
8. Canaigre bagasse properly prepared
should be about equal to mesquite wood in
fuel value. When well rotted it ought also
TO have considerable. value as a fetilizer.
1t promises little q a stock food
10. Canaigre draws heavily upon the
soil, especially for nitrogen. It's total
drain IS about twice as cosby as that OF
sugar beets.
II. The utility of canaigre is demon
strated. Properly handled 1t produces an
unusual variety of feathers of excellent
quality.
T. The agriculture of canaigre is yet
in its experimental stage. A fair esti-
mate shows that it will be necessary to
produce an annual crop of about seven
tons, or bienAial crop of about thir-
teen tons an acre in order to equal the
profits of sugar beet culture. On present
evidence this yield seems highly probable,
but, SO far as known, has not yet been
demonstrated
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
Fl, olrTTARI.Il prTTET NANING

think that it will make every one
who owns COWS a better dairyman to
sit down and compare the present price
Of butter with that of other farm pro-
ducts.
II is not necessary here to make quo
tations on grain, vegetables and pork,
common agricultural products, for we
all know how low they are, but let us
think a moment on butter.
Butter that has any decent quality
about it at all is IN most localities bring
ing not less than 20 cents per pound
and it should be accounted poor milk
thar will yield less than five pounds Of
butter TO the hundred weight.
Can't you see that if you judiciously
put some of the CHEAP grain into your
cows now, the 20-cenf butter, that it
will make wifi pay YOU better than any
other farm product?
If you should so prefer you can let a.
creamery do he making for you, but
the profits of this plan will depend
largely on your own capabilities as a
butter maker
1 hear some say. But my milk will
not produce near five pounds of butter
to the hundred
Perhaps you do not know how much
1T could be made to produce, for you
may not be getting the butter all out
of it.
The Babcock test will tell you what
per cent. of butter 1T ought to yield,
and it is your duty to your own inter-
est to employ a method of cream ex-
! traction that will give you practically
all the butter fat
The old careless way of setting the
milk in pans and crooks in the kitchen
pantry viii not do this, nor Will it re-
suit in butter OF good quality and fla
vor.
The dairy room must be entirely sep
arated from the living apartments and
means taken to secure all the cream.
This can be accomplished by correctly
pa'acticing the cold deep setting or
Swedish system, and if practiced in 2
good portable creamery many econo-
mics and conveniences will result.
Whether your method be by cold deep
setting of the milk, or extraction by
the hand separator. keep the whole
process, including the butter making
entirely apart from the kitchen If you
don't your butter may not bring more
than a shilling a pound
Bear constantly in mind above ~
things that after you have secured good
cows and feed them scientifically. and
practice all the arts of fine butter,
making, you still may not be making
money because your skim milk is too
rich
1t is very important to think upon
and act in these facts now at the begin
ming of winter, when butter making IS
so far ahead of other farm Interest in
point of profit.-George N. Newell, in
Nebraska Farmer.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
CEMENT FLOOR FOR STABLES.

A good cement floor gives satisfac-
ton and in the long run is as cheap a
floor as can be put in. Now is a good
time to put in such a floor, or at least
to figure on doing it little later when
the hands get through with the har-
vest.
How to make a good one with Port
land cement, the best kind, is told by
Waldo F. Brown in the Prairie Far
mer:
The best material to mix with the
cement is coarse. sharp sand and
finely crushed stone; and with these
materials ten parts Of stone can be
used to one of cement in the lower
four inches, and four parts of sand to
one of cement in the upper four inches.
I have been laying more or less &C.
ment each year for the past eight
years, and all my floors have given
perfect satisfaction. I have used
gravel for the concrete and have
screened my sand out of the gravel.
using a serve with one-fourth inch
meshes.
Next in Importance to good material
is thorough mixing. IN making the
concrete we measure, either by count
ing the shovelfuls or by using bucket,
putting eight parts Of gravel to one
of cement in heap, then shoveling it
over three or four times so as to mix it
all thoroughly. The last time we
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
THE CHEERFUL WOMAN.

Try to think less of yourself and more
of others. If there is an opportunity OF
being kind. especially at home, don't let
it pass by. Do whatever you are asked
cheerfully. Don't frown and pout it some
task falls to your share that you don I
quite like.
Every time a face is puckered up in
discomfort and anger it deepens some ugly
looking wrinkle. Every time a loving,
sweet expression is there it leaves its I'M
failing impress on the face.
Try to be gracious to your friends and
acquaintance, and if left alone to enter
tain any one who is perhaps not very
amusing try and appear interested. and
don't look bored and disagreeable. Al
ways, when conversing, try to concentrate
your attention on the person you are talk
ing with, as nothing shows such bad man
ners as a wandering attention.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
NEcEssI1yY FOR CARD1NG4 cows.

The skin Of an animal is an active ex-
creting agent, and a large quantity Of
foul matter is thus removed by it from the
blood. All this matter will dry on the
skin, and if not removed frequently it will
cover it and clog the numerous pores by
which the excrement escapes. This dried
matter is most easily loosened by the
card made of fine wires and acting like a.
comb, and a stiff brush then completes the
loosened scales. Beslues. the skin is con-
tinually changing, scales of dried tissue
loosenlng in the form of dandruff, while
new tissue is formed under them. 1t is in
skin is renewed. All the dead and impure
matter acts as a ferment on milk, and will
cause it to sour or take on an unpleasant
odor very quickly. Thus it is not only
remove this matter from the skin before
each milking by the use of a card and
brush.-Colman's Rural World.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
GRAIN OF RUTTER.

A correspondent desires to know
what grain in butter is which now
counts for so much in the selling value,
and how is it produced. Grain is the
peculiar granular. almost crystalline
appearance which butter with perfect
grain shows when broken. It is the
opposite Of 'SalvineSS" or 'greaSineSS, -
and it counts for a great deal in mod
ern dairying and in the butter market.
In the American scale of judging, per-
feet grain counts for % points. flavor
counting for 45. color Is. sailing 10 and
packing 5. In the English scale, where
it is called texture. which is defined
to be 'closeness of grain, distinct frac-
ture, not greasy" it counts for %
points, perfect flavor counting for no
more. The English scale is % for
flavor. 20 for moisture which requires
the butter to be as free from beads OF
water as possible, 10 for solidity, 20
for texture. 10 for color and 10 for
make, which includes cleanliness, salt
ing, packing, etc.
When the butter comes in the churn
it is in small, irregular masses. and
the churning should cease when these
are about the size of a grain of wheat.
To preserve these little irregular
masses as much as possible is to pre-
serve the grain. It is done by draw
ing the buttermilk and washing in the
churn before gathering. Many of our
best butter makers salt in the churn,
and with granular butter at the proper
temperature, so that the granules do
not pack. it succeeds we'll in the box
or barrel churn. Moving the churn
slowly mixes the salt with granular
butter very evenly. Some practice
brine sailing. which is also done in
the churn, and there are churns in
the market now in which butter is
sailed and worked before being taken
out. If taken out, after washing it is
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
CANAIGRls AT THE ARIZONA STA
TION

All the work thus far done at the Ari-
iona agricultural experiment station, To-
Gated at Tucson, has led Prof. Forbes.
the chemist of the station, to deduct the
following conclusions respecting this i'm
portant industry, as set forth in Bulletin
No. z of this station, just issued:
l. Canaigre is best adapted to a mild
dry, sunny winter climate Of the south
west. Although it will endure frost, and
will grow in rainy regions, it does not
promise good results in these uncongenial
situations.
.. Canaigre roots and leaves are dam
aged TO some extent by insects, but the
plant is not known TO be seriously threat
ened by them.
3. Canaigre tanning materials are found
throughout the plant being in greatest
quantity in the central portions of the
roots.
4. The tanning materials form rapidly
during the first year of growth, showing
small percentage of increase after the
first year and as long as the root re-
tains its vitality.
). During the dormant summer period of
the plant, the tanning materials seem
slightly to increase in young roots.
Sprouting does not affect the quantity
of tanning materials. The evidence thus
far does not show that irrigation lessons
the percentage of tanning materials.
s. Heat air, and fermentation, acting
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
THE SALT LAKE HERALD. MONDAY, AUGUST 81, 1895.

shovel it over third person stands
with a watering pot and sprinkles SO
that it will be thoroughly dampened,
but not enough to drip. We are now
ready to commence laying the hoor,
which we do in sections about four feet
wide, beginning at the end opposite the
door,
For horse stable floor we use five
inches Of concrete and one inch or top
ping; in the COW stable. three and one
half inches Of concrete and one-haIt
inch of topping. We stake down a
scantling four or six inches wide, as
the case may be, about four feet from
the wall Of the stable, and finish this
section before laying another. We
first put in the concrete an inch or
two at time and tramp it solid with
a broad-faced hammer, and continue
until within one or ona-half inches OF
the top, using a straight edge with
notch at each end so that it will drop
down one inch or one-half inch, as we
desire.
When this is put in we are ready for
the finishing coat, which is made OF
two parts of clean, sharp sand and
one part Of cement which is thorough
ly mixed dry, and then wet and tenn
pered to the same consistency as we
would use in cementing a cistern; we
then pour 1t in, filing the mold to the
top, turning our straight edge over,
notched side UP, SO that it will be just
full to the top 1t will be necessary
to use a trowel around the edges and
in the corners.
In order to prevent horses slipping on
it we make grooves four inches apart
and something over one-half inch deep,
for distance of about two feet at the
rear part of the stalls. These are made
by laying down broom handle, tap
ping it until it beds one-half its di-
ameter, then move four inches and re-
peat, thus making parallel grooves
four inches apart. We also make these
grooves running the other way in front
of the door where we lead the horses
in. When section is finished we
carefully lift the stakes and move our
edge piece over and stake it, and so
continue until the floor is finished.
The Portland cement does not set as
quickly as the cheap grades, but
usually in twelve hours it is hard
enough for a man to walk over it, and
for the next ten days it should be pro
tected from the sun and sprinkled
thoroughly twice a day; this prevents
danger Of cracking and makes it hard
en- more slowly, insuring a better job.
In a horse stable we prefer to have
the floor laid perfectly level both ways
and use absorbents to take up the
liquid; but in the cow stable where we
have manure ditch the ditch six or
eight inches deep and two feet wide
in the bottom, with the edges slightly
sloped outward; then d walk two feet
wide back of the ditch on the same
level with the floor on which the COW
stands.
In my stable the manager is also
foored with cement; it is made six feet
wide and the horses aat from one side
and the cows from the other. their hay
and fodder being dropped through a
chute above into the manger. 1 prefer
that all the floors in the basement
stable should be of cement, because,
first, plank floors rot out so quickly
as to be improbable, and, second, they
always furnish a harbor for rats
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-08-31
PRoPAGATING BERRY BUSHES.
Thayer's Berry Bulletin For Sep
tenber, 1896.

AttABCF. 1870.
Best plants of the blackberry and red
raspberry are obtained by cutting strong
vigorous roots in pieces four or five
inches long and planting about eight
inches apart in drills. Good plants are
thus made in one season. Sucker plants
coming up around the hill or between
the rows are also used and make good
plants If carefully dug and a portion of
the cross root retained.
New plants of the black raspberry are
obtained by covering the tips with two
or three inches of moist dirt and leaving
until spring.
Cuttings of the currant gooseberrv and
grape may be made as soon as the leaves
drop. New growths should be selected
and cut in pieces about eight inches long
The cuttings may be set at once, eight
inches apart in rows leaving one bl1d
bundles buried in sand and kept from
frost until ready for setting in the
spring.
Good plants are also made by having,
bending the new growth to the ground
and covering to the tip with moist dirt
This is the surest and best method es-
pecially with gooseberries which are
hard to propagate from cuttings All
cuttings should be placed in rich, we'll
prepared soil and thoroughly cultivated
the following season. In severe climates
protect in winter with a mulch of coarse
manure or straw.
eating your own plants. You can con-
tinue those varieties that do best in your
particular locality and soil. You can
use more care IN tranSplanting and fill
in the missing hills at leisure
The care of young and tender plants
as with young and helpless animals, Gre
ates a personal interest and love for
them. which insures better protection in
the future.
If, however. you have not this natural
personal interest within you-no affection
for the things cared for-then trust the
work TO other hands-you will not sue
coed. It is no doubt cheaper to buy
plants from reliable growers, and if the
work is to be simply mechanical and for
dollars and cents only. then do not try to
propagate small fruit plants.
The fruit garden should be a source of
pleasure, profit, inspiration, devotion. It
should be one of the strong ties that
bind us to home ever after. When such
a garden is located on the farm, a gem
eral Improvement in all agricultural sur
rcundings quickly follows.
NJ A. THAYER.
CDarta Wisconsin,