davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
KEEP THE cows CLEAN.

The skin of an animal is an active
excreting agent, and a. large quantity
of foul matter is thus removed by it
from the blood. All this matter will
dry on the skin, and if not removed
frequently Will cover it and clog the
numerous pores by which the excre-
ment escapes. This dried matter is
most easily loosened by the card made
of fine wires, and acting like a comb,
and a stiff brush then completes the
cleansing of the skin by removing these
loosened scales. Besides, the skin is
continually changing, scales of dried
tissues loosening in the form of dand-
ruff, while the new tissue is formed I'M
der them. 1t is in this way that in
time the whole of the skin is renewed
All this dead and impure matter acts
| as ferment on milk, and will cause
it to sour or take on an unpleasant
odor very quickly. Thus it is not only
necessary to keep the cows clean but
to remove this matter from the skin
before each milking by the use of a
card and brush.-Farm and Home.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
FARM NOTES.

Eat all the green things you can
get now They are an excellent tonic
for disoreded liver.
Do not use too much water Your
thirst may be satisfied without drown
ing you 1t is the same with a plant.
A man need not work himself to
death because he is a farmer. Mind
may do a share as we'll as muscle.
The WEAKNESSES of human nature are
bar to cooperative effort. There is
too much pig nature in the combina-
tions.
Don't waste the straw. 1t may not be
as nutritious as good hay, but it con-
tainS enough food and fertilizing prop
critics to be well worth outstanding.
Nothing pays better on the farm than
to keep accurate accounts, to know
what is raised at a loss, and what
yields a profit.
Women who prefer an ounce of pre-
vention to a pound of cure study the
properties of various articles of food
They learn that celery is a nerve food
that lettuce is as good for insomnia
as the poppy, that onions are invalua-
BILE as a nerve tonic, that lemons are
the best friends of the bilious, tina;
tomatoes and figs are aperients, and
that apples are useful in cases OF
nervous dyspepsia.
Successful management of the calf
lies at the very foundation of stock
raising, and there must be no slack
in attention or watchfulness Securing
the bane of calf-rearing. indicates in
digestion. and results from over-feed-
ing. irregular feeding, giving food toe
cold, or permitting the young ANNA
to get chilled or wet.
Chemists say it takes more thar
twice as much sugar to sweeten pre-
serves and sauces If put in when they
begin to cook than it does If the sugar
is added after the cooking is done.
Sometimes the juice of a lemon taker
in a glass of slightly sweetened water
On rising will quell morning head
ache. IT has always been considered
a healthy drink to take at any time.
According to wholesale furniture
dealer, the best furniture polish is made
of one-third alcohol and two-thirds
sweet oil Apply it with a soft brush
and rub with a cloth After the juice
has been squeezed from lemons thu
peel may be utilized for cleaning brass
| Dip it in common salt and scour will
| powdered brick dust To remove
grease spot from wall paper hold {
piece of plotting paper over the spo
with hot fiatiron for a few mo
ments.
/ Profit in fowls depends on manage
ment. Few realize how much prof
may be made from a small flock o
/ hens One farmers wife began las
year with fifty hens and ended witt
seventy-three. The account of expen
SEES and receipts footed UP a profit O
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
CLIPPING QUEENS.

l clip all my queens and in colonies
run for extracted honey. l have little
or no trouble with swarms, writes Mrs.
L. Harrison in Farm and Home. The
hives are close to the ground. A board
leaning against the alighting board of
each hive permits the return of the
queen in case of swarming. Once in
awhile she enters another hive, but the
bees remain to rear another instead of
decamping to the woods. and the next
wear the hive contains a young and
Vigorous queen. By clipping queens,
using shallow cases filed with empty
combs and self-spacing frames L can
care for 400 colonies and do it easier
than could handle half that number
storing in sections. Bees never swarm
much if supplied at the proper time
with empty combs.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
HINTS TO BEGINNERS.

There are a few elementary princi-
pies which must be recognized, and
then the handling of bees becomes
comparatively easy. One of these is,
that bees seldom sting unless they are
hurt or when they have their honey
sacks filed with honey. A little smoke
puffed into the entrance Of the hive
a few moments before it is to be cp-
ened will cause them to fill themselves.
This being done, by opening the hive
carefully, one will seldom be stung.
If the bes are disposed 10 leave the
combs and fly out of the hive as it
comes open, give them little more
smoke. This, of course, requires the
bee keeper to own the modern apiary
tool known as a. smoker. A fairly
good one can be had for so cents. No
one should try to keep bees without
smoker.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
DRIVING CATTLE.

A Nevada stockmen has found by
actual experiment, that fat steers driv-
en- 25 miles without water, will shrink
so lbs. each, though fed and watered
before weighing at the end of the Jour-
ney. Steers driven 5 miles and al
lowed to stand two hours without feed
or water did not shrink away. Steers
driven 40 miles and given water re-
peatedly. on the journey shrank 90 lbs
each. A bunch of 500 lb. steers driven
HANDY WITH TOOLS.
/ would have farmers and others en-
courage boys to become handy with
tools. To do this some tools must be
provided and also some material to be
worked, perhaps wasted. Farmers have
lost a ggeae deal in the past by de-
pending almost wholly upon others to
do all their making and mending. Not
many years ago good monkey-wrench
was a rare tool on most farms. The
moving machine dealer has supplied
thousands Of farmers with their first
sample. Toe many farmers now have
to make a trip of a mile or more for
every little repair in iron, wood OF,
leather. it has paid me well to have
Wrenches of two or more sizes to fit
any nut on the farm to have three
good handSaWS, two coarse ones for
cutting off and splitting and one for
finer work; a full set of bits, with good
brace to match; a drawing-knife, try
square, two or three planes, a few
chisels, screwirivers of two or more
sizes, files for wood and iron, drills that
will bore soft iron if, necessary, a
good workbench with iron wise and a
good assortment of screws, nails and
carriage bolts, good clawhammer
and Ratchet, a. mitre-bo and also a
few horseshoe nails for Tightening a
loose shoe or even putting on one if
necessary; also soldering iron and
harness avis and copper rivets and
wire. An observing, thinking person
with any fair degree of natural ability,
ought to be able to use ali these tools
with more or less profit during a life
time on a farm. / have saved a grea
many trips to the village and much val
liable time by having such a kit The
loss of a single bolt in a moving ma
chine may throw half a dozen hay
makers out of work, and indirectly
expose tons of hay to storm which 3
cents would have prevented had the
farmer provided himself with the extra
bolt in advance instead of having to
take or send the machine away for
repairs in the midst of first-class hay
weather. Then there is but little car
penter work on farm that a farmer
handy with tools cannot do just as well
as any carpenter, and he ought to do
| it.-A. W. Cheever.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
TRANSFERRING BEES.

Many who own few stand of bees,
in boxes and old-fashioned hives, want
TO learn the best method of transferr-
ing them into modern hives. Mrs.
Hamburg, before a recent bee weepers'
convention, suggests the following
simple and easy method:
Have table with d blanket spread
over it. and over this spread a sheet.
Have in readiness a sharp, long-bladed
knife, basin Of water and g. sponge
Previously have the old gum where you
intend the new hive to stand Re
move the old gum from its stand and
place your new hive in its stead. Turn
I the gum upside down and place a box
on top of same, carefully wrapping
a sheet around the gum and ooN that
no bees may escape. Drum upon the
gum with a hammer or stick for ten
minutes. and all the bees and queen
will cluster in the upper box Take
the box off and set it away covering
it with cloth. Now, lay the gum on
its side, and after cutting the comb
loose with your knife, pry off that
side, taking care that not a single
bee is killed or injured. When the side
is off inspect the combs and cut out
the incest ones and fasten them in
your movable frames and set in your
new hive. Wrap the combs with string
to keep them in the frames; or what is
better, tack little Stats across them to
keep them in place. Take care not TO
injure the brood. The refuse pieces
of honey may be laid on top of the
frames for the bees to utilize. Keep
the combs the same side up as they
were in the gum. Having the combs
all transferred and in the new hive,
say an inch or less apart, go to the box
containing the bees, having previously
spread sheet in front of your hive.
Smoke the bees little with burnt rags
which can be thrown from a smoker
bought for the purpose or otherwise.
Then pour and shake the bees out of
the box and on the sheet in front of
the new hive, and in a few minutes
they will march into 1t. If you see the
queen on the sheet and induce her to
enter. the others will surely follow.
In a few days the bees will have
fastened the combs, when, after being
smoked q little, the strings or Stats used
to fasten the combs will be taken off,
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
GETTING NEW HONEY FROM NEW
SWARM.

Mr. W. q. Hutchinson, in his lecture
ait the Bee Keepers Convention, ait
Jenkintown, last month, said of be-
ginnig with a swarm in a new hive:
If a swarm is hived upon frames with
starters only, the first step is, neces-
sarily, the building of g. comb. Now,
if q. super filled with drawn, or partly
drawn comb mot foundation) is placed
over the hive, the bees will begin
storing honey in the combs at the same
time that comb building is begun be-
low. A queen eXcluder must be used
to keep the queen out of the supers,
then she will be ready with her eggs
the moment a few cells are partly fin
ishd in the brood nest, and if the latter
has been properly contracted she will
easily keep pace with the comb build
ing. The result is that nearly all of
the honey goes to the supers, where it
is stored in the most marketable shape
and the combs in the brood nest are
filed almost entirely with brood. When
bees are hived upon empty frames a
small brood nest is imperatively neces-
gary, otherwise large Quantities of
honey will be stored in them, and
when bees build comb to store honey,
particularly if the yield is good, they
usually build drone comb. They prob
ably do this because storage can thus
be secured with the least expenditure
of time. labor and material. So long
as the queen keeps pace with the com b
builders worker comb is usually built,
but if the brood nest is so large that
bees begin Matching from its center
before the bees have filled it with
comb. and the queen returns to refill
the cells being vacated by the hatch
ing bees. the comb builders are quite
likely to change from worker to
tdrone comb.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29

recipe: Eat vegetables and plenty of
butter; drink milk, sweet wine and stout.
Take cod liver oil, go to bed early, sleep
some during each day and laugh as much
as possible Cream may be substituted
for the cod liver oil.
Delicious sandwiches are made of fruits
simply mashed into a rich paste and
placed between very thin slices of bread.
These are nice served with ice cream and
sherbets instead of cake.
Belt pins have almost had their day.
They pierced a new hole every day in the
ribbon belt, besides they do not always do
their duty, so the summer girl of 80 Will
go forth in serene consciousness of perfect
union between her skirt and bodice brought
about by set of strong hooks and eyes
which are attached to sturdy pin.
AS the antidote to salt is sugar, soups,
grayies and the like that have been made
too salty accidentally can be made palat-
able again by the addition OF little coarse
brown sugar we'll stirred in.
Eggshells will clean vinegar bottles and
decanters just as well as shot, which is
not always kept on hand in every kitchen
Don't wash fine laces either in water OF
gasoline. Lay them in wheat flour and
let them stay there for twenty-four hours
Then shake out every atom of the flour
and they will be perfectly clean.
A chemist advises that canned fruit be
opened an hour or two before it is used,
because it becomes richer after the oxy-
gen of the air has been restored to it.
To can green peas remove the pods and
put on the stove in boiling water in por-
celain kettle. Let boil fifteen minutes or
until fairly well done and can immediate
ly in glass jars and put away in a dark
place.
Strawberries are easily bruised and
should be handled with great care. Rinse
them in cold water before they are hulled
and not afterwards, as so many cooks Go
and then wonder why the berries are soft
and water soaked.
Every housewife should provide vege-
table brush for use in the kitchen. Let
tuce, spinach, beets and other vegetables
can be cleaned much more readily with
one than with the hands.
System has been introduced this year
in the giving of wedding presents, if we
may believe a Philadelphia authority.
The bride has printed lists of gifts that
would be acceptable, so varied as to suit
the purses of all her friends Each aof
these latter who wishes to send a present
writes to her for list, and, having seen
ii, notifies beforehand what present she
would Ike to make. On receiving a re-
ply that the happily couple like it very
much, it is bought and forwarded.
Soap used on the hair is apt to make it
brittle. If any is to be used, tar soap
is the best, and after using rinse the hair
in several waters in which a little pow
dered borax has been dissolved.
If your children crave candy give them
loaf sugar taken from a candy box. They
! will not eat enough of it to hurt them
and 1t has the merit of being pure, which
cannot be said Of most of the candy one
| gets nowadays.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
TOILET HINTS.

Use little sweet cream on the hands
and face before retiring, rubbing it well
into the skin with gentle upward strokes,
manipulating carefully the places where
wrinkles are beginning to form.
Brush the hair we'll with stiff brush at
night A thin night cap or an old silk
handkerchief tied over the hair prevents
its breaking off.
An excellent shoe polish is made as fol-
lows: Disoslve one ounce of boraX and
water. 1t will take some time for it to
dissolve. While still hot, dissolve a pack
age of Diamond slate dye in the liquid.
Apply to shoes with a sponge or cloth.
This is much better than the shoe dress
ing bought in bottles. much of which has
acid and other ingredients injurious to
the leather.
Neckties, ribbons and gloves may be
colored with Diamond Dyes and look as
good as new.
One ounce of gum arabic dissolved in
two ounces of alcohol and added to an
equal quantity of soft water makes an
excellent preparation for keeping the hair
in curl or crimp.-R. E. Merriam.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
CULTURE OF THE CHERRY

According to the Cornell Experiment
station a young cherry orchard should be
given clean cultivation. Small fruit, like
currants. raspberries or gooseberries or
amy others that require frequent cultiva-
zion. may be set between the rows for
eight or ten years, but the bushes should
be removed in the tree rows and opposite
the trees at the end of the third year
No crop that does not require cultivation
should ever be raised in the orchard. At
about five years old the trees begin to
bear fruit of consequence, sand at ten
years they give paying crops.
AS the orchard comes into bearing, the
management of the soil will differ ac-
cording TO its nature. and the trees them
selves should be the indicators of their
treatment C4ean cultivation should gen.
orally be stopped by June Ia or July l.
so as TO check growth and give the wood
SUFFICIENT time TO ripen. Whenever the
growth becomes too luxuriant, it can be
checked oy seding a year with closer
certain cherry orchard has stood in
sod for fifteen years in an ideal soil and
situation.
The trees are making little growth
ana are fllled with dead limbs, and while
there size was small. quality poor and
one-half were rotting on the trees. In
Striking contrast was a neighboring Or
chard which had been plowed lightly in
tHe early spi Ing ana had hed narrow run
over II once week up to the middle of
June. and although there had been a
severe drouth the trees had made a good
growth and were loaded with luscious
fruit of large size.
The latter orchardist believes that he
can produce as large cherries as the Cali
fornians can, by high cultivation and
the conservation of moisture the early
part of the season. AS means of hold
ing moisture be is putting humus in the
too luXuriant growth by seeding the or
chard whenever it becomes necessary.
While dryness is a universal maxim for
the cherry, ii is advantageous TO con-
serve moisture during the development
of the fruit, and the example furnished
by this orchard convinces us that the
fruit can be increased up to the middle OF
June.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
BUYING A FARM ON CREDIT.

Probably half of the farms in the
country were bought by their present
owners with borrowed money partly.
When one settled on a. homestead, the
privations and improvements required
usually equalled the labor or effort
needed to pay interest on the average
farm mortgage in the older states 1t
is often wiser to pay interest than to
pay rent. The thrifty man or woman
will usually accumulate more if they
have borrowed money to pay, provided
the loan was used for a. good purpose.
The shiftless are always willing to pay
rent. many are obliged to who would
much prefer to be able to buy, but
even in these times thousands of far
mers are gradually paying off their
mortgages and getting their farms free
and clear. If you don't believe, send
25c to the Farm and Home, Springfield,
Mass. for their book-"Mortgage Lift
ers.'' in which $50 farmers from every
section tell just how it was done.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
aleanlngs in
Bee Culture.

We can only secure the best results
in surplus honey from strong colonies.
Bees do not like to be handled has
tily, but will repel all quick motions
All Objectionable stock can be kept
from breeding drones by using worker
combs exclusively.
The hives should be raised suffic-
iently from the ground TO admit OF
free circulation of air.
| Bees secrete wax only at times, and
when necessary to furnish storage
room for honey or brood.
Foundation for comb honey must be
made very thin and of the best quality
I OF wax.
1 Alfalfa is good crop to grow, espec-
/ tally for the bees and honey.
/ First-class comb honey is made only
| during the heaviest flow of nectar, and
| at time of heavy flow.
/ 1t requires the strongest colonies to
work for comb honey, and these must
be worked rapidly at the beginning OF
! the flow.
Bees are much more liable TO swarm
if cramped for room Care in this re-
spect will largely prevent unnecessary
swarimn..
A swarm of bees will seldom issue II
no qlEan cells are present. BY remoV-
| ing them swarming will be prevented,
| until new cells are formed.
BY stimufative feeding, it is possible
to have colonies swarming ten days or
two weeks earlier than if LETT to them
selves.
1t is a mistake to draw from strong
stocks in early spring to strengthen
weak ones. Better put two weak ones
together and allow good ones to re-
main.
An examination of the hive should be
made and all unnecessary brood comb
be removed as an over supply of worth
less drones is very Objectionable.
Honeycomb when first made, is OF
pure beeswax, and remains so as long
as it is used for honey alone. Brood
combs are toughened somewhat after
use from the fact that every bee hatch
ed out leaves a thin lining in the cell
If a colony of bees is found lying
still during the honey season 1t is
evident that the hive is full of honey
and the bees have no room to store
more This always has tendency to
induce swarming.-St. Louis Republic.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
ONE WAY TO SAVE MOISTURE.

How to save as much of the moisture
as possible is a matter which has re-
ceived the consideration of scientists
and farmers. There are methods by
which water may be stored for future
use, but such are not practicable on all
farms. There is one way to partially
prevent loss, and which is familiar to
all farmers, and that is to keep the
surface of the ground which is occu-
pied by a crop always loose. If a
shower comes much of the water will
flow off the hard ground, but if the
soil is loose the water will more easily
go down. Constant stirring of the soil
also prevents loss of a large portion OF
the moisture already in the soil AS
soon after a shower or irrigation as
the soil will permit. it should be gone
over with a shallow cultivator. If this
is done faithfully through the season
the value of each shower and of each
irrigation will be nearly doubled to
any crop.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
THE EMER GENCY SHELF.

Every housekeeper should have some
particular place for emergency supplies.
1t may be a drawer or a closet, or even a
cetrain shelf of closet, but its existence
should be known by every member of the
family, and its contents kept always in
good order and good condition. There
should be bandages ready rolled for
sprains, packages of court plaster, with a
as a box of mustard -four and a roll of
thin mustard for slower action, with
scraps of old linen for old sores and burns
The hot water bag should be kept here
along with remedies apt to be needed in
a hurry, such as lime water, to mix with
oil for burns, brandy, ammonia, Group
remedies and a prepared disinfectant.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
ALFALFA AS A HONEY PLANT.
II alfalfa. has added

A Kansas correspondent of the
Orange Judd Farmer writes as fol-
lows:
The cultivation Of alfalfa has added
considerably to the honey crop of the
United States. No other honey plant
has given such a boom" to beekeep-
ing, especially in the Western States.
This plant stands the drought, and
when we'll rooted seldom fails to pro-
duce heavy crops of hay and seeds
when almost everything else fails. as
it's roots penetrate very deep in the
ground, in many cases reaching water
at fifteen feet deep. I have seen con-
tinuous flow of honey from this plant,
commencing the middle of May and
lasting until the first of September, for
several years, without regard IT,
drought or season. Alfalfa. honey diff
fers but little from white clover. 1t is
in every respect as good. and is quoted
in the markets at the highest price.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-06-29
THE NEED Of ORGANIZATION
AMONG FARMERS.

A great many farmers complain that
other people are organized against
them. This is mistake. All others
are organized to take care of them
selves, and in caring for themselves
the farmer suffers. The farmer suffers
because he is not organized. and, being
unorganized, and his interests not
looked after, ali others profit by his
negfsct to care Tor himself. 1t is a
great mistake to suppose that any in
tepest is trying to injure the farmer