The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1896-04-06


they are alive. 1t is not of the nature
of physical force to settle questions of
mind and heart by great principles.
Caesar like Alexander was monarch of
all he surveyed by price of arms, but
his wars did not settle the affairs of the
world. Napoleon was monarch OF en-
pires as we'll as of men, but l see this
master os men little later banished,
himself a pauper pensloned in the
bounty of his foe and he didn't settle
the difficulties of Frenchmen, If mat
ters are only to be adjusted by the ex-
ercise of physical force, the more pow
er the more trouble, and there will be
a last battle. War has been, of course,
great factor in the history of the
world. l am willing to concede that
Gettysburg was the most decisive bat
tie of the world back to Marathon, but
the question was not settled there, that
they were all wrong and we right.
Neither was it settled at Appomatax.
Were the traditions of $50 years to go
for nothing just because of the sign
ing of paper?
War did not settle the low estimate
of human life that prevailed every
where under American slavery. Slav-
cry was the bitterest drop from the
chalice of the destroying angel The
biographer of Andrew Jackson tells us
that there was a duel in the south for
every day in the calendar. Men threw
their lives on the scale to settle diff
culties. Slavery could not have existed
if there had not been statutes forbid
ding colored children to learn to read.
In this very city when an attempt was
made to establish a school for blacks
here your mayor called together the
council and forbade it and mob stop
ped it, AS Il result of those statutes
at the close of the war we turned mill
lions of people free who were ignorant
and without money, and then wondered
why they did not grow up to be Chris
tian gentlemen and Christian ladies,
and now, thirty years after the war, IS
per cent. of the blacks cannot read or
write l spoke on this question in the
south one time, and the gentleman with
whom I stayed handed me Bible and
a revolver in the evening, saying that |
would need both before morning, and
next day ! found the reason / stepped
into the office of the superintendent of
education and he told me that there
had never been an appropriation In the
state for a school house. He told me
that so per cent of the blacks and 40
per cent of the whites could not read
or write.
In the south 1 will find you not two
miles from the tourist track a cabin
without any door or window or floor,
and these are the houses of descendants
of those who were there two hundred
years ago, they are content, saying
what was good enough for their faith
ers is good enough for them. Is this
the case with the descendants of the
Pilgrims in old New England? | have
seen worse conditions among white peo
pie in the south than among colored
people. The refinement of some of those
people does not come up to the sloven-
liness of other sections of the country.
The moral uncleanliness of that people
is without parallel in Grecian or Ro-
man history. Through the south are
hundreds of old prominent families,
| whose blood has turned the black blood
cream -colored. These are some of the
things which war will never settle. War
did not settle slavery, but the purposes
of God had so ripened that the shackles
We're knocked from four millions of
slaves.
There is not now white man in the
south who would want slavery back
again. American slavery is dead, and
it is damned. The only way in our
time to settle anything is by right.
When righteousness and truth are COM
bined then will the proper settlement
of questions be found. In this univer
sity city | could, ! think, convince you
that prejudice is now a great factor in
hindering the settlement of questions.
We went into the south with a gospel
of war but we must now go with gos-
pei of peace.
At the close of the address a collec-
tion was taken in aid of the Freed
mems Aid society. While the collection
was being taken up the Asoph concert
quartet from Wilberforce university,
Ohio, sang two selections, which were
applauded. Mr. Miller, a member of
the quartet also sang a solo.