davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
PIONEERING SHRUBS.
But Very Few Varieties Want ANY Prun
ing In Winter,

But Very Few Varieties Want Any Prun-
ing In Winter.
During the winter season a very great
deal of damage is done to shrubs by
many who profess to understand how
to prune properly and yet are eryre-
ly ignorant of the whole business. This
is deplorably evident near all large
cities, where there are many men who
call themselves gardeners, and who
turn many penny" by the work of
pruning they get in the many small
gardens therein. Many of these men
are entirely honest, but ignorant. Not
only are they ignorant to-day, but they
continue so from day to day, never
profting from experience. Others
know better, but as the pruning means
work they slash away at the trees and
shrubs, caring nothing whether the
owners get flowers from their shrubs or
beautiful shapes from their trees.
1t would be a great surprise to The
honest primer to be told that, with
hardly an exception, shrubs want no
pruning at all in winter, yet it is true.
Excepting not more than a half dozen
sorts, shrubs flower from wood of the
previous season, and when the last sum-
mer's growth is Topped away the prom
Use of flowers entirely disappears. do
not say L never prune, for there is some
times a little thinning out to do, and
sometimes long, struggling shoot
wants shortening in, to give bush
good outline, and this work do. The
well-known golden bell (Forsythie
yiridissima) will serve as an illustra-
ton. Left to itself, it is not a hand
some bush. 1t makes very long shoots,
especially when the plants are vigo"
Gus. l have such a one in my garden,
and but lately l cut off the tops of some
of the longest shoots, which had shot
far ahead of the others. The length
cut off each was not more than two feet,
and there is left four feet to each one,
and, besides this, there are couple of
dozen other young shoots not topped at
all, SO that l have yet an abundance of
young wood to give me bloom. 1t has
grieved and provoked me many time
to see a collection of shrubs in some
garden the young shoots of which had
been entirely cut away, and in maDv
cases the owner would have been
thought to have been possessed of
enough intelligence to have prevented
the mutilation of his shrubs. If you
employ man to prune your shrubs and
he proceeds to cut away the wood of
last season, clear him out, for he GER
tainly is imposing on you as to hie
knowledge.
The proper season to prune shrubs is
in spring or summer, as soon as the
Towering is over. Cut them back then,
if they are not shapely, or if there is too
much old wood. But do not think prun-
ing has to be an annual job. have such
shrubs as weigelas, SNOWFALL, deutzia
md the like, which may be said never
to have been pruned. A little finger
and thumb nipping of the ends of some
of the growing shoots in midsummer
has been all sufficient for them.-Prac.
teal Farmer.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
SOME CAKE RECIPES
All Had Been Tasted Before They We
Submitted to tho Editor


Submitted to tho Editor.
In making layer cakes grease the
jelly tins and dust some flour over them
This prevents sticking.
Apple Fruit Cake.-One cup of sugar.
two cups of butter, two eggs, half Gun
of sweet milk, one and one-half Guns
OF flour, one teaspoon of baking pow
der, two teaspoons of cinnamon, one
teaspoon of cloves, one cup of dried APP
pies, which should soak over night
Chop line and boil two hours in sugar
before using.
White Fruit Cake.-Two CUPS of
sugar, two-thirds cup of butter, one
cup of sweet milk, three cups of flour.
two teaspoons of baking powder,
whites of four eggs, one cup of stoned
raisins.
Spice Cake.-One cup of sugar, half
soda dissolved in half cup of sour milk,
one and half cups of flour, one teaspoon
and a half cups Of flour, one teaspoon
each of cinnamon, cloves and nutmeg.
Layer Cake.-For cocoanut, choco-
late or jelly, one and half cups of
sugar, one cup of butter, whites of four
eggs, one-half cup of milk or water,
two teaspoons of baking powder. A
nice icing for filling is made of the
whites of two eggs and two-thirds of
cup of pulverized sugar, beat well to-
gether and flavor with one-half tea
spoon of lemon.
Tea Cake.-One-half cup of butter,
one cup of sugar, one-half cup of sweet
milk, one teaspoon of baking powder,
two cups of flour; flavor with peach.
To be eaten warm.
Sponge Cake.-Two cups of sugar,
two cups of flour, eight eggs, one tea
spoon of lemon. Beat well together
and bake in dripping pan.
Chocolate Marble Cal<e.-Two cups of
sugar, one cup of butter, one cup of
milk, six eggs, three cups of flour, one
teaspoon of baking powder, one tea
spoon of vanilla. Take one-third of
this mixture and add one-half a layer of
chocolate grated. Put thin layer of
the white in the pan, then alternate
spoonfuls of the light and dark mix
ture; finish with layer of white.-M
l.. Lyon, in Housekeeper.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
ABOUT MOTHER-OF-PEARL.
Millions of Shells Are Needed Annually for
the Manufacture of Buttons.

Millions of Shells Are Needed Annually for
the Manufacture of Buttons.
"They that go down to the sea in
ships to do business in great waters"
are more numerous that we land-lovers
imagine. If we pause for minute and
think of the countless pearl buttons
that are daily sold and utilized, all over
the world, we may then realize the
quantity of oyster shells required to
supply this demand.
The shells from which our pearl but
tons are obtained are quite large,
weighing about three-quarters of u
pound apiece. They are shipped to us
from Australia. The accompanying
sketch illustrates the manner in which a
shell is usually diagrammed before it is
sent to the factory. The long narrow
strip at the top forms one of the mother
of-pearl pen holders now SO popular for
holiday gifts. The straight strips are
generally made into handles of pocket
knives, but the curved piece in the up
per right hand corner is saved, either to
fitted into the handle of large carving
knife OF to adorn a pistol stock. The
large buttons are generally cut from
the center of the shell, while the small
er ones extend along the outer edge.
After the diagramming is finished,
the shell is sent to the factory to be cut,
filed, chiseled, grooved and polished,
and when this is finished the buttons
are carded and ready for market. The
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
COTTON NOT PROMISING.

statement 10y the President of American
Gotten Growers Association.
The following address was issued at
ualVeston, Tex. by DIR. d. Lane, presl-
aent of the American Cotton Growers
Protective association, to the southern
cotton growers:
The crop is nowhere above and in
Hu save favored localities is below the
average All possible causes, except
|ToSt have combined to produce this
result, the causes varying with the To-
|@hty-drought, rust, boil worms, army
worms, excessive rains and shedding.
! Is generally three weeks late and IN
'uch condition that frost at the av-
.Gage frost date would be disastrous
Aad before that time calamity. The
pant Is notably deficient in fruit and
ae bolls are small and badly devel-
Vpea From my knowledge OF present
|Top conditions | venture the opinion
Ist this crop cannot in any event ex-
Il seven million bales, while six mill
~ hye hundred thousand bales is by
~ means improbable.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
THE ELECTRIC ENGINE.
likelihood hat Grand Trunk win Adop
It for The Port Huron T1nnel.

Likelihood hat Grand Trunk Win Adop
Il for he Port Huron T1nnel.
Passengcrs on Grand Trunk trains
NAV make he Journey through the tun-
mel under the Detroit river at Port
Huron behind an electric locomotive,
according to information current III
electrical manufacturing circles. 1t is
10 the effect that the conservative Can.
adam railway management is figuring
IN an adoption of methods practically
the same a- those in use in the Balti-
more & Ohio tunnel under Baltimore.
A desire tu avoid smoke and cinders
was among the causes which induced
the latter company to install electricity.
The Grand Trunk is forced to abandon
steam engines, so it is said, because of
their effect upon the tunnel structure.
The latter cut through the rock is
lined with steel casing, back of which
sa filing what is said to be pecul-
lar kind of asphalt. The tunnel is
mile and oue-elghth in length and the
grade at both ends is an important one,
amountin1 ,o lO5 feet to the mile.
Specially INSTRUCTED locomotives
weighing uiuety-fve tons and having
leght drivers are used to haul trains
Through.
/ In developing the energy needed to
handle long heavy trains it has been
found, It is stated, the excessive heat
and escaping steam from the engines
is exercisiug ain effect upon the asphalt
backing, the result of which is it's de-
terioration. Tn other ways, it is stated,
steam has been found to exercise in
Guences upon the tunnel structure that
ara serious
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
HOW TO DRAIN LAND.
Requirements of Really PermaEen
System of Drainage

Requirements of q Really PermaEen
System of Drainage.
Undertakings works can, and, If
rightly done, will be, strictly speaking,
permanent improvements. The con-
struction of farm buildings, roads, walls
and fences, though usually classed as
such are of transitory and ephemeral
character compared with well-planned
and thoroughly executed system of tile
drainage.
That drain may be permanent in it's
life and action it must be so planned
and constructed as to let the water in
An open ditch may do the first admir-
ably for time but soon fills up with
the undermining and cavingin of it's
banks, and by the in-washing OF loan
and organic matter by the flow of sur
face waters into it. stone or blind"
drain may admit waters freely for time
and conduct it fairly well where con-
siderable inclination or fall to suit
able outlet is practicable, butwhen laid
Gas such drains usually must be) in
earth made up of fine particles, it is liza
BILE to become clogged by the infiltration
of silt.
Such drains can be made silt-proof
and consequently permanent by inclos-
ing or surrounding them with silt-ex-
Guiding materials, such as boards (for
afoundatfon) green brush, turf, old hay
or straw, coarse gravel, ETC., according
to availability and other circumstances
which will readily suggest to the user
the best of such means at his disposal
Drainage journal.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28

polishing of the expensive buttons is
all done by hand on rapidly revolving
wheels of heavy flannel covered with
jewelers. rouge.
Even the scraps and clippings of the
mother-of-pearl are not wasted. \
large button factory recently received
an order for a quantity of small pieces of
pearl to form the mosaic of large altar
that was being made for one of our city
churches.
Tiny pearls are often found in these
shells, and are occasionally cut to pieces
by the machinery, but the real pearl
shells do not come from Australia, and
pearl large enough to be of any value
is rarely if ever found in the shells OF Il
button factory.
The largest pearl in the world is IN
the possession of the queen regent OF
Spain. 1t was found by little colofed
boy in an oyster shell so small that he
was tempted to throw it away I'M
opened. = Edith Chester, in Country
Gentleman.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
CONSIDERS THEM UGLY.
Miss Ada Sweets Opinion of Bloomers
and Bloomer Girls.

Miss Ada Sweets Opinion of Bloomers
and BlOomer Girls.
"Bloomers are so ugly and unbecom-
inv" said Miss Ada C. Sweet, ex-Unlteo
States pension agent at Chicago ana
one of the leading spirits in all move
ments for the advancement OF women,
to a Chicago Tribune reporter, that
am sure in short time women VIII
cease to wear them; thus the bloomer
question will settle itself. Nelther
boomers nor knickerbockers Tor me-
and I think the latter are as unbecom-
ing to men as to women. The most
sensible costume to my mind is a mod
eratelv short skirt worn over knlcker-
boclsers and a comfortable waist ana
hat. Everyone should suit themselves
as to the length of their skirts. ANY
immodesty may be prevented by tne use
of paiters. If the skirt is short, ions
CATERS should be worn; if it is a good
LENGTH. shorter ones will suffice. AT
al events boomers are unmitigatediy
uolv. | never saw woman yet tney
were g becoming to. Then these baggy
sleaves one sees are as unbecoming as
the baggy trousers. A reasonably lu'l
sleeve looks well, but the loose, hoPpy
sleeves added to the bloomer costume
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
Water for Bee. in Winter.

russian, Czieselski or Tseselsky.
aa Oeen making some interesting ex-
llnents regarding the way in which
NO get the moisture they need in
I".n'er' 1t is we'll known that honey
c s'acts moisture in a damp atmos'
tS r''e' AT temperature of 76 degrees
t,u' we grains of uncapped honey will in
osa n'y-four hours absorb from 5S4 to
t,o S grains of water; at so degrees.
tbn a LOS7 to 1904 grains of water,
Ns ss absorbing fully it's own weight OF
b. 'r IN twenty-four hours. So when
can - need moisture in winter, they UNI
AOd a.sUney in advance of their reeds,
BIZ W.. 'ue uncapped honey gets from the
becs snu rom the breath of the bees the
on rs'ary moisture. American Bee
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28

structed as it might be. For people
who cannot do better, and must avoid
every expense possible, especially also
that involved by the plan of hot water
heating, think l can recommend the
house here illustrated (cut made after
an illustration appearing in Canadian
Horticulturist.) Any person handy
with tools could put up the frame work.
The material is almost wholly scant-
ling, 2 by inches, end cheap boards.
The building should he double-boarded,
with paper between ne two walls. Or
binary hot-bed sash can serve for the
roof, and the side windows may also be
bought ready made in any sash and
blind factory. The heating may be
done by simple flue, the fireplace (for
coal or wood, being in the northwest
corner, and the chimney in the east end.
Our Canadian friend, who furnished
the idea, uses a house of this kind as a
sleepingroom at night, and sitting
and working room by day. The posts
or studding along the front side are
by 4 inches, 6 feet high, and set just far
enough apart to allow the windows to
come between, so no window castings
are used. The house is 10 feet wide,
ind heated with 2A foot box stove
that takes in very coarse wood. The
stove pipe runs along the back or north
side of the building, behind the staging
that is under the roof windows.-Amer-
lean GARDENING
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
JEWISH sOBRIETY. u
In Times of Storm and Stress -
E'' lows Abstain from Liquor.

i. Times of Storm and Strese -
E''" Jews Abstain from Liquor.
o...;pq the current month as many as
thousand men and women en-
pi| "a in the various branches of the
P l,otbinp trades in New York city have
w. S'on on strike, and they have met with
ooeure of success that was hardly
Srnected even by themselves. A par
.pIarIv interesting featr e of the
'..;,es. which have taken place one
~ the other since the opening of the
ontb has been the universal sobriety
va neacefulness Of the people engaged
!" them. nearly whom are jew
~ pussians who 49, 9 come here with
~ few wears. Not as many as half
adozen Of them were arrested for in
.orication and still fewer of them for
W.. NV breach Of the peace or other un-
,~,rfrl conduct There was no per-
"ontible increase in the amount of
Enrors consumed in the quarter which
.hev inhaJit during the period when
.hoy were out of employment. Mass
~,oetincs we're held daily in the imme-
SIa+e vicinity of drinking saloons or in
NriIdings part of which were occupied
.. saloons, the keepers of which say
that their sales of beer were even
TIGHTER than usual, while there were no
sslls for .tronger liquors. Thousands
n members of the Brotherhood of
TaiIors were assembled daily for fort
nicbt in and around WRhalla hall,
i
Hing more affecting than soda water
Or lemonade.
There is marked contrast between
This sort of thing, says the New York
Sun. and that which frequently exist
ID in former times in the great strikes
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
Protection against Marauder..

Ox fs S'e' means of protecting a cash
Ii r nOm marauding fingers has been
l. sp pun by merchant of Buda-Pesth.
loedpo =, mikes the box with certain
\ dva;' which has the peculiar effect
ss;s the skin blue, the color being
Ne nav, su by washing, and resisting
suaslons Of the soap.-N. Y. Sun.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
RoD0CK s. MEDIC.
Secret of Being Comfortable Wear
Thin Clothes.

We have the right materials to make comfortable this
You do it by wearing dress of of
pretty thin Dme at ST or plain white Indian Dim
any prize like 90 25 81 or 80 cents per yard
other Store here chance
bought them ALL No wonder that the yard stick keeps
flying these pretty goodshey fine and
full cheap
Vests TO- 124 Soc are like and at time
very strong
Our Ladies' Plain Black Hose drop stitched at 25c just
like Isle thread, thin strong and COOL
Get Waist Dress of Silk finished Cotton Crepons
yard the quality of goods sells at other stores at
0 and 124 cents
Ladies and Gentlemens wash 4inhand Ties at 123c we're
made retail at 25 each-entrely and fast coors
RODOCK & MEDIC.
juy17tf
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
CHEAP GREENHOUSE.

Amy Person Handy with Tools Can Put
Up One without Trouble.
There seems to be a great demand
for a cheap greenhouse. Many people
who raise plants for home use, or sale
on limited scale, would like to have
plant-house of some kind, but fear the
expense. The little greenhouse at
Woodlands gives entire satisfaction,
but it is by no means as cheaply con-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
---------------
WEIGHING THE BABY

How much does the baby weight
All in all? Oh, who can say?
Not his dainty flesh and bone,
Not his sweet, pink clay alone,
Not his limbs so soft and fair;
These are trif1es light as air,
These are but things apart,
When we weigh him in the heart.
who can weigh the light that lies
In the heaven of his eyes?
Who can weigh his sunny smiles,
Or his sweetly winsome wiles!
Who can estimate the worth
OF an angels kiss at birth
Dimp1es playing hide and seek
In his round and rosy cheekf
Who can know the hopes and fears
OF the mothers smiles and tears?
who can weigh the prayers expressed
For the loved one at her breastf
who can tell the fathers joy
Wrapped within that baby boyf
How much does the baby weigh,
All in all? All, who can say!
Nixon Waterman, In 1. A. ". Bulletin.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
Oliver
Wendell
Holmes said:
"lf all drugs were thrown into the
sea it would be better for men
and worse for the fishes"

Yet for the only drug
which is at once a medicine
and a food we are indebted
to one of those same fishes.
DR.. Holmes was hasty. "No
known drug" says a high
English authority Or. A. E.
Bridger), +" except cOd-liver
oil, has power to generate
any force within the human
body. The stimulantS and
tonicS waste force and create
weakness. Thus we see
why
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28

all it's business has been
largest began business 1885,
until total transactions for the benefit OF pol
holders double those other and
nearly the aggregate results of the transactions OF the
combined
its of Insurance Force twice
it's Assets S99i6S82 more than
Annual Income 988 larger
other and its gain of Surplus
than the next largest
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-12-09
Burns and Mcleod.

Farmer" Burns won the wrest-
ling match for $500 side last night
from John Rooney. the Chicago grip
man. by default. Burns secured two
falls in little over thirty minutes.
when Rooney complained Of sickness.
and the match was forfeited to the
Iowan. Burns got the first fall in
1880 and the second in 1928. He
announced before the match that he
was ready within four weeks to
wrestle Dan Mcleod for 81, 900 stake
money. the cash to be posted in sny
Rock Island, Davenport or Moline
bank. Mcleod then posted Q forfeit
Of $500 in support Of challenge to
wrestle Burns within three months
for S2. 500. the contest to take place
in Chicago.
Now what about the Burns-Ather.
ton match in Rock Islsno?
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-12-09
Curs for Boaanehs

As a remedy for all forms Of head.
ache Electric Bittcrs has proved to
be the very best. 1t effects perma-
nent cure. and the most dreaded ha.
bitual sick headaches yield to its in.
fuence. We urge all who are Of.
fictcd to procure bottle, and give
this remedy fair trial. In cases Of
habitual constipation Electric Bi;ters
cures by giving the needed tone "a
the bowels. and few cases long resist
the use of this medicine. Try il
once. Large bottles only SO cents s'
Hartz q Ullemeyer's drug store.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-12-09
woodrnsn Cnosss Omesrs.

Last evening q. w. HAYES camp,
1851, held An election of ofiicera with
the following result:
V. CT. v. Eckhart, Jr.
w. A.-Frank Eckard.
f. BID. G. White.
Escort-T. B. Reidy.
Clerk-H. ID. Corken.
Watchmau-I. B. Swain.
Sentry-Walter Fowler.
Physiciane-Drs. G. G. Craig, G.
L. Ely ster and P. j. Comegys.
Manager-P. j. Cary Qor three
yesr.).
Delegate-P. J. Cary; alte nate,
H. II. Robb.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-12-09
half Pare Psrnsss for 1897.

Clergymen and others entitled In
half fare permits are requested TO
file their applications f,r same 1t
once 10 order that permits may be re-
ceived by Jan. 1, 1897. Blanks can
be procured at r. I. & r. depot. foot
Of Twentieth street One application
only is necessary to procure permit
over all lines in the Western Passen-
ger association, same as for 1896.
&. STocKHoUsE,
General Ticket Agent.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-12-09
New Hose for the City.

The contract for furnishing 1000
feet of hose was let at a meeting OF
the fire and light committee and
mayor and chief of the fire depart
ment last evening, the contract be-
ing divided between these three
houses: Fabric Fire Hose company,
New York, 400 feet; Revere Rubber
company. Chelsea, Mass, 800 feet
Gutta Percha and Rubber Manufac-
turing company. Chicago. 500 feet.
The price Of the hose is 50 cents per
fO0t
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-12-09
whites foasast Rsss.

Nov In effect via the Chicago. Pc.
oria & st. Louis Railway, to southern
winter resorts. Cheap rates to No
bile, Ala. New Orleans. La, jack
sonville. Fla, Hot Springs. Ark. and
other southern points. The direct
and short line for the south. For in
formation call on your local agent or
address the undersigped.
w. j. MCLEAN.
C. p. 4 T. A., c. P. & 81. L. r r
Springfield, III.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-12-09
The Ice Crop.

George E. Lambert, president OF
the Twin-City Ice company, went to
Havana today to look after the in
terests of his company there. He
says the Twin-City company will
harvest ice at Havana, where the
cut will be made from lake. and at
Moline and Watertown this season.
Mr.. Lambert says the prospects are
that there will be an abundance Of
the chilly article this year.