davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29

grown. Usually tiles are placed from six
and one-half to forty feet apart, depending
upon whether they are to be used for the
vegetable and flower garden or for the
orchard and farm. The depth generally
recommended is from any distance below
the reach Of pillow to two feet below the
surface. When the proper excavations
have been made, the same methods are
employed as in determining the proper
level'for ordinary tile drainage. One must
understand just how to lay tiles so that the
ends may not be either too far apart or too
close together, depending upon the slant of
the tiles and the nature of the SOIL An
experienced person may better get an idea
of this by first laying line upon the sur
face and, by pouring water through it,
study its action. BY taking advantage of
this drainage the excessive moisture in the
soil in spring, and after drenching rains,
can also be drawn off,
The tiles can be SO laid that the water
is applied through a single main feed pipe,
or, by running the pipes above ground at
the end next the dydrant, each row may be
watered separately. The latter method
requires number Of hydrants at conven-
lent distances along the garden SO that
pieces of ordinary garden hose will reach
all lines Of tile. In order to get the best
results in the former case the ground
should be nearly level.
Even then still better results are secured
by having not over one-half acre in each
system. and number of these systems
pipe should not be less than two inches in
diameter for an acre of land when applied
through single system. This should be
enlarged as the area and number of sys-
TENS increase. Where the practice is to
water number of lines at the same time,
proportionately larger supply pipe is
needed. A one-inch pipe answers for areas
not over onehalf acre, a two inch for an
acre, and proportional volumetric in
crease as the area is enlarged
The reservoir should have sufficient
capacity to itrigate the area under consid-
GRAFTON. In order to cover an acre of
ground to depth of one inch, it requires
$500 cubic feet of water which is equiva-
lent to about $50 barrels. A similar guam
tity should be provided for sub-irrigation
If the ground becomes very dry. it is
advisable as in surface irrigation to use the
maximum quantity to get beneficial re-
turns. IF the surface is frequently cult
waited, the loose soil prevents evaporation
and hence lessons the number of applica
tons in a dry time. By watering
frequently rather than waiting until all
the reserve water is needed, only portion
of it will be required and there will be
constant supply on hand; for as in the case
of windmill. during the dryest time the
wind does not blow regularly even on the
sea coast
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29
WEDNESDAY. JULY 20, 1896
TABLE OF CONTENTS.

FARM GROVEAND GARDEN-Celery Grow
ing in Florida OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. 493
Value of Barnyard Manure; A Fine Ma
tive Peach; Keeping Money at Home;
Sisal Plant Culture...... .............. 494
Commercial Fertilizers; The Population
of the Earth ......................... 495
Hay Caps; Utilize the Grapes....... 496
John B. Stetson University; Wide-Tired
Wagons; Pineapple Cultivation. .......... 497
Sauces for Tobacco; To Prevent Bruises
From the Harness. Recommendations. 49S
FLORAL DEPARTMENT-Premiu Offer;
Lawns; Flowers That Fool Buzzards; An
Enormous Idea."... NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 499
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Chat; Ground To-
bacco Stems; Information Wanted: Sub
Irrigation; Some Causes of Failures."... 500
Answers to Correspondents; How to Ex-
terminate Weeds; Dairying ia the South;
Encourages Agriculture" ................. col
HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENT-To Wash
Chamois Skins; Home Making; Picture
Drapes Are Health Resorts Dangerous;
Peach Ice Cream. Observation-Disclosures. 500
POULTRY DEPARTMENT - Failures in
Poultry Raising; Let the Hen Have Her
Own Way; The Male in the Poultry ard;
Rouen and Pekin Ducks; Utilizing Bulky
Refuse; Whtewash the Poultry House,. SOB
PUZZLER. ................ ................ 5Ct
ANA................ ................ 5O1
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29

the county and the town each pay one-third the
cost OF the work, and the states appropriation
is $4,000, while three state commissioners super
wise the work. The proof OF the popular salts
faction with the system is the increase this year
in the number Of towns adopting it,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29
TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Articles relating to any topic within the scope
of this paper solicited.
We cannot promise to return rejected manu-
script unless stamps enclosed.
All communications intended for publication
must be accompanied with real name, as
guarantee of good faith. No anonymous con-
tribution will be regarded.
NrMoney should be sent by Draft Postof1ce
Money Order on DeLand, or Registered Letter
otherwise the publisher will not be responsible in
case OF loss. When personal checks are used ex-
change must be added Only Land 2-cents lamps
taken when change cannot be had
RY-To insure insertion, all advertisements for
this paper must be received by 10 o'clock Monday
morning of each week.
@Subscribers when writing to have the adj
dress OF their paper changed. MUST give the old
as well as new address.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29
SUB IRRIGATION.

again been revived. The experiment sta.
ton Of New Hampshire has made some
very extensive experiments which are alst
applicable to this state. The bulletin says
Doubtless there are soils in which sub
irrig ation-watering through pipes laie
beneath the surface-would be more eco
nomical than any other method of irriga
ton. Theoretically it appeals to the mint
as being an ideal system. One write
says: IF properly carried out the system
has many advantages over any of thos
using surface irrigation. Among then
may be noted economy of water, as it
advocates claim that it does better worl
with less than one-half the amount O.
water, while some 60 as far as to claim
that it saves from three fourths to nine
tenths When the flooding or furrow sys
tenn of irrigation is used it will be day:
work for one man to irrigate from one tc
to five acres but with sub-irrigation he
will merely need to turn on or shut off the
water from the different portions of the
systems of tile, and while the irrigation is
going on can busy himself about other
duties"
The misleading feature of this system oil
irrigation comes from the difference among
experimental knowledge Of his own condi
tons, his chances of failure are great A
physical and mechanical knowledge of the
soil is necessary before one enters upon
large operations. Some soils absorb and
retain moisture readily while others dc
not. Even in sub irrigation in the green.
house beds, where we have studied this
subject most, we found that some soils
although carefully prepared for the indoor
beds, were slow to absorb moisture through
capillarity unless the beds in which they
were placed were water tight. Some green
house soils need watering daily; others,
such as those of mucky consistency, need
it but rarely.
Where sub-irrigation will work we'll out
of doors it is an ideal method of watering.
Some of the points in favor of it are as
follows:
I. The surface soil never bakes or sur
face hardens.
2. Plants run very evenly.
3. The soil can be worked at any time
and thus be kept in better condition.
d. It is claimed that less water is re-
CURED.
$. The pipes or tiles serve both to water
the beds and retain the excess of moisture
6. The openings underneath the soil
allow free access of air; hence soil never
becomes sour stagnant.
7. Surface evaporation is slight.
8. FUNGUS diseases are not so preva
lent
LAYING THE TILES FOR sUB-IRR1GATIoN.
Laying the tiles for sub irrigation neces
states a knowledge of many of the points
already considered. On very rolling
ground it is necessary to follow the con
tour of the slopes, giving the tiles drop Of
about one inch in one hundred feet if ir
long runs, or if in shorter lengths slightel
grade. The distance between the rows Of
tile varies with the nature of the soil anc
sub soil, depth laid and kind of crop to be
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29
ADVERTISING RATES.

Rates for advertising furnished on application
by letter or in person.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29
TERMS.

One year. single subscription. 90
Six months, single subscription. loo
Single copy.............. .................... .O5
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29
EDITORIAL CHAT.

The Department of Agriculture has
issued small pamphlet on THE Principal In
sect Enemies OF the Grape which should be in
the hands of all grape growers.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29

THE good road movement is extend
ing from the east to the west, and north to
south, and the better the roads have been, the
n ore enthusiastic are the people for more roads.
A New England paper says that "last year thir.
ty-seven towns in Connecticut began the work OF
macadamizing their roads, and this year it is
estimated that more than eighty towns will be en-
gagged upon such improvements. The towns be-
gin in a small way, the average length of road
reconstructed last year in each town being from
one-half to three-Quarters OF mile, The state,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-29

WE have received the descriptive cat
alogue of the Southern California Accimatizing
Association Of Santa Barbara, Cal. The cat
alogue is devoted almost entirely to the descrip-
ton OF ornamental plants and fruit trees that
thrive in the south.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-02-26
ABOUT THE SUGAR Market
CASTLE 4 COOKIES LATEST CIRCU'
LAR LETTER TO PLANTATIONS.
--latest Sugar Advices 10 the 18th o
February---CIosinG Quotations
Of sugar stock.

Following is a copy of the last
circular letter issued to CORES
pondents by the firm of Castle u
Cooke:
Honolulu, H. l. Feb. Dist, 1896.
Dear Sir:-By the arrival of the
S. s. Australia we are able to give
you the following latest sugar
advices dated up to the 18th inst.
Centrifugals we are pleased to
report have advanced to 4 cts for
90, following are the sales: Feb.
10th. 1900 bags spot, 81 cts for
90; Feb. llth, $4,000 tons, 4 cts for
90; Feb. 18th, $500 bags spot, 4
cts for 90.
Granulated in New York is AZ
cts: in s. +. it is 5 cts.
Beets have advanced to II II
per cwt and the market closed
firm; we give you below the quo
tations as received: Feb. 18th,
1l9 per cwt; Feb 10th, IL 10!;
Feb. 18th, II II.
Sugar stock. Following are the
closing quotations on dates given
Feb, 7th, common SIP, prefer
500.
Feb. 9Th, common S1l3, prefer
800.
Feb. 10th, common $113, prefer
1904.
Feb. 18th, common SILT, pre-,
fer 500.
Feb 18th, common Sl12-l, pre-,
fer Sl00-4.
Feb. 18th, common sl13 2, pre-
fer S1OO-4.
Tariff. Nothing further has
been done upon this subject, as
Congressman have been fritterinl
away their time for the most par
in discussing the silver question
and Monroe doctrine.
Arrivals. There have beer
none since our last.
Sailings have been as. follows
Alden Besse for Honolulu, Feb
ID. S. n. Castle for Honolulu,
Feb. 10. Geneva for Kahului,
Feb. 10. Volant for Mahukona,
Feb. ID. Archer for Honolulu,
Feb. II. Kenilworth for Honolu-
lu, Feb. Il.
Vessels discharging and waiting
to discharge, none.
Vessels on the berth: H.
Hackfeld for Honolulu, no sailing
date given. Mary Dodge for Ka-
hului, advertised on the 18th inst.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-02-26

4 fine assortment of Island
views colored and uncolored.
Special orders taken for coloring
photos. King Bros, Hotel st. 3"
Island jewelry is very popular
for souvenirs. 1t is manufactured
to order at H. G. Biart's, on Fore
street. Gold wire names madt
while you wait. "
290-29O-290. The United
Carriage Co. Fine carriages and
the fastest horses in the world
with competent drivers Away OBJ
liging. Corner King and Fort
streets. Telephone 300. Il
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-02-26

HOBRON DRUG CO.,
Wholesale Agents.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
THE SOLDIERS HOME.
Adjutant Flynn Discharged and Comes
to Salem.


Adutant Flynn Discharged and Comes
to Salem.
J. NJ. Flynn, adjutant OF the Oregon
soldiers home, has been relieved by
w. Il. Marquis, a son-in-law Of j. It.
Mulkey, who is an inmate Of the
home. lie was presented with gold
headed cane by the inmates Of the
home.
His family did not live at the home
and he was general utility man, did
hospital service, and at times running
the home.
Mr.. Flynn laid some facts before
the Governor, but filed no specific
charges. lie does not admire Mrs.
Byars as matron. Mrs. Byars is a
lady well known in Salem for her
many sterling qualities and as an en-
ergetic manager. Mr.. Flynn is an old
soldier himself and seems TO have
been a popular man with the inmates,
who all signed a testimonial and he
also received testimonial from the
Mr.. Byars.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
sTAYToN.

Mrs. David Wyatt and son, Herold,
OF Lyons, were Stayton visitors Mon
day.
Mr.. b. p. Taylor and wife drove up
to Salem Friday, on business.
Mrs. Balsley returned from two
weeks visit In Lyons Monday.
Mr.. Henry Keen made trip to the
Capital city Friday morning return
ing in the evening.
Misses Edith and Pearl Anderson, of
Portland, were visitors in town last
week.
Prof. Richardson, of Sublimity, will
move his family to StaytOn this week.
Chlldren's day was observed at both
the Christian and Methodist church
last Sunday.
Mrs. j. NJ. Dunivan has been quite
III for the past week but Is on "A fair
road TO recovery:
Mr.. Huges, Of San Francisco, Cal,
mas Deen guest aJ the nome OF MT.
Lee Brown for the past week
The young people of the Christian
church gave supper for the benefit
of the church Friday, which was a
great success.
Mr.. Henry Brewer and Claud Darby
left for Idaho Thursday morning,
where they intend TO take up land.
The Woodmen lodge, of Stayton,
will give picnic Wednesday, June 10,
at this place. Music by the Turner
band and a cook time in general is ex-
pected. The Silyerton camp will
join in the celebration and help swell
the crowd. There is no doubt but
what this will be the event Of the
season.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
PERSONAL.

A. b. Huddleson Of Jefferson, is IL
town.
Hon. II. II. Kincaid went TO Port.
land today.
Hon. w. II. Leeds went TO to Port
land today.
Broker Hamilton went TO Ialsey on
business today.
state Supt. G.. NJ. Irwin went to
Linn county today.
G. =. Strain, OF Mckee, was In the
city today on business.
Secretary II. l.. Bents OF the Hop
Growers Fire Relief Association Of
ButterIlle, was In the city today.
Supt. Potter OF the Chemawa In
dian school was In the city today.
lie Is making great many improve
ments In the drainage, the convenl-
ences, aud the sanitary conditions.
A girls bath-house has been connected
with their dormltory.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
cHEMAwA.

Thos. w. Potter paid a business
visit to Silverton Tuesday.
Seven new scholars have arrived at
the school during the past week. Ihe
total attendance at present is 21O'
Rev. L. f. Jones, superintendent of
the Presbyterian mission at Juneau,
Alaska, visited the school Tuesday.
He. was accompanied by his wife and
a new student.
Alpheus Dodge returned from a
four months visit to California Fri
day.
Thirteen milch cows were sold at
public sale Saturday afternoon.
DR.. Julius Silverstein, of California,
is at present visiting his wife who is
very i'll.
A large number of boys visited Sa-
lem Saturday.
The new sewer is almost completed.
When it is finished it will add greatly
to the sanitary condition of the
school.
Prof. Heritage Of Salem, will favor
the school with one of his excellent
musical programs Thursday evening.
We will be glad to see many of our
friends in from the country.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09

Beef Topsteers, 3.oo@3.2s per ID; far
to good steers. 21I(92 3.Sc; cows, 2AQ9zHe;
dressed beef, 4L(95c.
SAN FRANCISCO MARKET.
San Francisco, June o--Wheat, i.o2L
Wool. Oregon, choice, 6,@7lIc; inferior 4
a s., valley, 9(afoe
ilops-Quotable at 2(93c.
Potatoes--6S@Soc per sack.
Oats Milling, 7s@82.
SALEM MARKET.
Wheat. 44c per bu., market firm.
Oats .IS(02oc.
Hay Baled, cheat, $s,oc(9s so; timothy,
81 90.
Flour In wholesale lots, 800; retail,
40; bran, bulk HOO; sacked, Iz.oo;
shorts. I2.oo@i3.oo; chop feed, IIoo@
I2.oo.
Poultry. Chickens, s96c; ducks, &c lb;
spring chickens, Ioc lb.
Veal--Dressed, 81.
Hogs. Dressed, 3%.
Live Cattle, .2@2H.
Sheep. Live, z.So.
Wool. Best, I2%c.
Hops. Best, 4Q1Sc.
Eggs. Cash. SIC.
Butter. Best dairy, Ioc; fancy creamery
I2%c.
Cheese .I2%c.
Farm Smoked Meats = Bacon, &c; hams
&c; shoulders, SCI
Potatoes. .2Se per bu.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
FROM ANIDEM.

The Quartsyille mine still running
a 20 stamp mill fun blast, day and
night, working about 80 men, aud ore
Increasing IN quality as well as
quantity. Supt, Smith went out "a
Albany Yesterday and General Mana
ger Lawler is expected In now daily.
Pay day Is near at hand, and snow Is
a thing OF the past In here, two pack
trains make regular trips. Snow
about 8 feet on the summit. Mr..
Frank Reed Is looked for tomorrow.
HIS arrival means stir at the Al
bany Mining & milling Co.'S. works,
which is now being put in order by
Mr. Herb Ames with small force OF
men.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
FROM ENoER.

While w. T.Ramsden and wife were
gone TO Salem on Tuesday, June 2,
there was n tramp, or some one else,
who broke into his house 'and this Is
what he or they took; One pair Of
Sunday pants and suspenders, n lady's
pen-knife aud button hook combined,
with white handle, went TO the cup
board, took eight biscuits, ten small
cakes, broke into the children's bank
for ten copper cents, went into the
milk house and took ham OF bacon,
a big butcher knife and one pie, and
then went into the spare bedroom
and took plllowslip Off Of one OF the
pillows, we suppose TO carry his
plunder In. So farmers must watch
their cupboards as we'll as their banks.
Two years ago on the 27th OF this
month his house was robbed OF about
$40 worth OF goods. So they want TO
be careful hereafter when thinking
he is gone away he will be there and
IL might not be good for them.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
Did You Ever.

Try Electric B!tters as a remedy for your
uoubeT II not get bottle now and get
relief. This medicine has been found to be
peculiarly adapted to the relief and cure Of
all Female Complaints. exert a wonderful
direct influence in giving strength and tone to
the organs. II you have loss Of Appetite,
constipation, Headache, Painting Spells, or
are Nervous. Sleepless, Excitable, Melan-
Sholy or troubled with Dizzy Spell. Electric
Bltte's IS the medicine you need. Health and
strength are guaranteed by its use. Fifty
cents and 81, ,oout Fred A, Legg S Drug Store
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
The Circus Coming.

The false rumor that Bond Bros.
circus aud horse show would skip
Salem should not be allowed TO con-
fuse people. The great circus will be
here In all its glory, and II you want
10 see the only one OF the season don't
fail 10 be on hand tomorrow. Part OF
the'clrcus has arrived.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
The Mandolin Piano.

The "Ossian" attachment In pianos
Is new aud novel feature, which Is
attracting the attention OF all musl-
clans, East and West. We had num-
erous callers yesterday and last even
ing and all were astonished and highly
pleased To see and hear the effects OF
this new attachment. We desire 10
state that those who might wish 10
see ana hear this instrument before
We leave, that II will be necessary 10
call at once, as We shall only remain
a day or two longer. In order 10 make
quick sales We Will make big reduc.
tlons In prices that will surprise you.
Easy terms II desired. Wiley B. Allen
Co., 236 COmmecll street.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
DIED.

MATrHES.--At the farm home, near
Whiteaker, on May 27, 1895, OF heart
trouble, John Nj. Matthes, aged 81.
Mr., Matthes was an old resident in
Oregon, having resided ON his farm,
near Whiteaker for twenty years. Mr..
Matthes was good husband and
father, and was loved by all who knew
him. The bereayed family have the
sincere sympathy OF the community
In which they live.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09
SOCIAL REVELATIONS.
Some Personals and News Of the Doings
of Oregon People.


of Oregon People.
Mrs. Judge Wolverton OF, Salem, Is
In the city the guest Of DR.. Maston.-
Albany Democrat.
Misses Bertha and Vesta Mason
were down from Albany 10 attend
Pinafore entertainment.
| Mrs. Olive S. England and Mrs.
Florence T.. Cartwright, are at the
Portland Woman's congress.
r.. ID. Scott, Miss Anna Scott and
Miss J. Hinkle, formed party for a
days visit TO Portland yesterday.
Dr. I. ID. Driver, state senator-elect
from Lane county, is in the city visit
ing at the home OF his son, i. ID.
Driver, Jr
CONDUCTORS DAY.
Favorable reports are coming in re.
garding big crowd for the cOnduc-
tors picnic next Sunday. The Eu-
gene brass band has been added 10 the
attractions, and the very best Of
music will be provided. The bicycle
races are coming on in good shape,
but the bull race is declared off.
sold Bill" Anderson had agreed
to get up the latter but has
notified the committee that IL
will not come of. Mr.. Anderson says
a bull involves too much work, aud he
objects to getting 10 up for Sunday.
However, he will assist the committee |
all he can In getting up more harmless
amusements, and he may be induced |
TO take out his baby monkey, which |
would be whole show In itself. The |
committee is making ample provisions
for the comfort of the crowd, as we'll
~ for their entertainment. In the
the good people OF Salem
are making ample provision for feed
Ing and caring for all that come. Peo-
pie will drive In and come on steam
boats from considerable distance.
IL will drobably be the largest crowd
ever In Salem.
II. NJ. s. PINAFoRE.
The good ship under Captain Cor
,Oran and his crew last evening sailed
at Reeds opera house in the
presence OF vast audience. The
'Ompany performed as though II were
! nightly occurrence with them, and
vi present gave them the support OF
approval from the turn loose. This is
Without doubt the most successful
Entertainment so far given by the
salem Choral society, which Is proving
tself n most competent musical
Professor II. A. Herit-
ge as usual proved equal TO the
'ccasI0n, and more too. lie had the
drilling and all the stage
10 look after besides
aklng the leading part OF Capt.
jorcoran. He was ably assisted by
Prof. Emil l.. Wlnkler, pianist, who
played the accompaniment for the
'ntire opera. There has been some
ak OF these gentlemen leaving Salem
o accept much better financial OPP
'ortunltylln the south, but IL is now
Understood that they will probably
emain with Willamette college OF
luslr, much more favorable arrange
lents haying been made here. This
= good news for Salem, and IL Is need
ess TO say that our whole city is TO be
congratulated upon the consummatlon
{ the same. Az the Plnafore rehear-
nj vas written up fully Ia these
olumns some days ago, IL is needless
o say more of IL, except that for the
hort time IL was under way II proved
phenominal success.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1896-1899, 1896-06-09

Woman's Relief Corps and Sons Of
Veterans.
On June Sth, 9th, 10th, nth aud
18th the O. G, 4 II. II, II. Co. will sell
round trip tickets from all rail and
river points 10 Independence 10 mem
bers OF the above orders at one fare
Tor the round trip, tickets good TO re-
turn on June l5th.
EDWIN STONE,
po-o-td Manager.