The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1896-08-06

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side of The pape- 8. Write TO the point. 4.
Wriie ola ole subject. s. Write your best. 6. Each
style. composition. spelling. pennianship and gem
cral merit consdered-wiii be named at the head
of this column on the Honor Roll. First honor
will include all of these requirements. Second
honor will include deficiency in some one point
NAMES OF POLITICAL PARTIES.
At the close of the revolutionary war, in
1871. there Was but one political party in the
United States, and that original party was
known as the American Wing Party. It had
fought the war to successful issue, and had
united to organize and sustain new Constitu-
ton and Government.
Few political changes occurred from 1881 up
to 1857, when the Wings or National party,
under the leadership of President Washington,
Hamilton. and their associates, became known
as the Federalists, and all the opponents of the
Wings and their policy united and formed
new party, and called themselves Anti FEEDER
slis's.
This new party was composed of all who
feared the establishment of the new central
political power, and those who dreaded the
addition of Federal to State taxation, aud this
party opposed the ratification of the new Con-
stitution, in conventions and outside, with all
their power and ability.
Alexander Hamilton, the great statesman
and fnancier. holding the leadership of the
Federalists, held the control Of the Govern
ment during these trying and troubious times
The Anti-Federalist party, early in 1883,
changed the party name and called themselves
Republicans" in opposition to the monarchical
Fedcralists, they were then tauntingly
called by their opponents
in 1892 Thomas jefferson returned from
! France, wholly engrossed and inspired by
the scenes and political developments of the
! French Revolution. and. under his influence
and leadership, by 1893 the party in opposition
| .f.z.
lists. adopted new name and called themselves
| the Democratic Republican party.
Both parties continued to sustain the names
designated until the close Of Jefferson's AID.
ministration, when the Democrats dropped the
word Republican from their party name, and
sty led themselves the Democratic party, as
they have been known ever since that time
and under this name they elected James
/ Madison President in 1872.
After the war of 1872 the Federals,s gradu-
ally faded away, and in a few years the party
name of Federaist became extinct; but their
| successors, as opponents of the Democratic
! PARTY aud policy, formed q new political or.
| ganizziion and adopted the name of the Wing
party, the first name of the party afterwards
| known the Federalists.
! Wings and Democrats were the only parties
| known in the political field when Andrew
| Jackson was elected President in 1928, and so
continued with some local and unimportant
| variations, until 1852 when the great Wing
party, as WAS terseiy said at the time. died Of
an attempt to swallow the fugitive slave law. ("
In 1852 the American party, composed of
secedcrs from both the old parties was formed.
| This was a secret, oRth-bound political organ
! iZation whose name, nature, and object was
not known even to members until they
reached the higher degrees, and thus the party
became known by the popular name Of K now.
nothings."
The design of the Knownothings was to
OF pose the easy naturalization of foreigners
and to elect only native-born citizens TO office
The kno~nothing party was also bitterly op
posed 10 what they styled "Romanism," and
during its life there were several bloody riots
notably-those i'm Philadelphia aud Louisville
Ky.
After the election Of 1856 the Southern
Democrats Withdrew from the party aud il
disappeared from the politics of the country.
The Free Soil party was formed in 1852, aud
embraced those in all other parties who were
opposed to the extension of slavery into til,
new States and Territories, aud during the
he xt four years this party increased rapidly.
The passage of the Kansas Nebraska bill BY
the Democratic party ia Congress in 1856
: quickly aud firmly united all opponsnts of tia
ruling Democratic slave oligarchy policy int
the great National Republican party and tn,
, National Convention of that party, held in tn.
Summer of 1856. adopted that name, and nomi
mated John C. Fremont for President, whiri
James Buchanan was Dotlinated by ths Demo
Gratis and was elected.
In 1850 Abraham Lincoln was electsd BY Oh,
Republicans, which election rexnlted in TIL
war of the rebellion, from April 1851, TO June
1855 during which time purity lines wore usxriJ