The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-10-19
THE REGICIDE JUDGES
PIPER READ BEFORE THE HISTOR- ICAL SOCIETY BY MR. HORACE DAY.

 Justification for the Death of Charles I.--
 Parts Taken by Whalley and Goffe in the
 Royal Tragedy-Whalley's Letter Ex-
 plaining the Kings Escape-Fan of the
 Commonwealth-Fligh of the Judges.
 At the meeting of the New Haven Historical society on Tuesday evening, October IS, the following valuable pa per was read by MT. Horace Day, on Whalley and Goffe:
 Three highways leading out through the northwest part of our city have long borne the names of three English men-Edward Whalley, William Goffe and John Dixwell None of these men had in any way been connected with the settlement or the growth of New Haven. Their names even do not ap- pear in our local colonial records, con- temporary with their presence here, ex- cept in connection with warrants for the arrest of two of them to be sent to England on trlai for their lives for the greatest of all crimes. Whatever lie recognition here, rests upon what they were and what they accomplished, nearly two centuries and a half ago, and more than three thousand miles away.
 The visitor to the British museums in London may see near it's entrance. under glass case, the most tragic public document known to the long course of English history. It con- sists of some seven lines written on a parchment of no great size, and di- rected to three officers of the then tri- umphant army of the commonwealth of England directing them to see that the sentence of Charles Stuart, King of England, convicted and condemned of high treason, be executed, before his palace of Whitehall on the thirtieth day of January, 1649, by severing his head from his body. To this warrant tifty-nine signatures with their appro- priate seals are attached.
 The first is John Bradshaw, who as it's president, pronounced the sentence of the high court of justice against the king as a tyrant, traitor, murderer and public enemy. The second Is Thomas Gray, the only one of the number of baronial rank. The third is Oliver Cromwell, the fourth is Edward Whal- ley, the fourteenth, William Goffe, the forty-eighth is John Dixwell. The name of Owen Rowe, familiar to the founders of New Haven, also appears in the list
 Nowhere in all the infant settlements in America were there so many per sonal relations with the leaders in the great rebellion as could be found among the settlers on this Quinnipiae Plain.
 On the southwest corner of what we now know as Chapel and College streets was the dwelling of William i Heohe, the associate of John Daven- port in the ministry of the First church. Mrs, NHooke, his wife, was sister of Whalley aunt of Mrs Goffe cousin of Cromwell and of John Hamp- den and nearly related in blood or by l marriage with St. John Ireton and other conspicuous leaders In the great contest
 The southeast corner of College anG Grove streets was the home of Benja- min Ling. John Dixwell, under the assumed name of James Davids, about the year 1865, became member of his family, lived there a retired life fol many years, and after the death ot MT. Ling married his widow, and now lies buried beneath the monument erected to his memory on our green ir the rear of the First church.
 At the junction of Elm and Orange streets was the home of William Jones afterwards deputy governor of Connec- ticut the-son of Colonel William Jones the regicide, who had gone to the scaf- fold with calm serenity In the full con viction of the justice of the cause foi which he suffered.
 The lot on which now stands the City hall and adjacent buildings, was as- signed to Owen Rowe, who, though never emigrating to America, seems to have been one of the original company formed in London with Eaton and Davenport for removal to New Eng land. On the two opposite lots at the corner of Elm and State streets were the dwellings of John Davenport and Samuel Eaton, the first of whom had escaped to Holland to avoid arrest, un- der the warrant of the high commis- sion court, over which Laud, BishoI of London, presided; and the other who had been committed to jail by the same authority, for holding religious services at a private house during can onfcal hours, but who apparently by the connivance of the jailor, had man. aged to escape; both of them soon tc cooperate in founding the New Haven colony It was threfore almost mat ter of course that the three regicides who alone had escaped to America should, in their extremiey, seek refuge here, with the certainty of sympathy and the possibility of safety.
 The story of the regicides who for a time found a refuge here, makes nec- essary a brief summary of the causes which furnished them with their justi- ffcation, for an act which, at the time astonished or appalled, the whole civ ilized world, and which gives it's chiet significance to the rude stones known to us as the Judges Cave
 Charles the First became the common sovereign of two countries England and Scotland, otherwise independent ot each other, when a young man of twen- four years. For nealy the quarter of a century that intervened between the solemnities of his coronation and his fal l,yn ,p