davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR SHERIFF..

announce myself candidate Tor
reelection to the Office OF Sheriff,
subject to the action of the Demo
cratic primary.
D.J. BRADHAM.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15

How strange it is, that whenever
any question arises affecting the Re-
form leaders Of this State, Colonel
John G. Haskell, always bobs up and
pours out his vitriol.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15

Communications must be accompanied
bv the real name and address Of the wrltel
in order to receive attention.
No communication Of personal char'
acter will be published except as an ao'ef'
tiSement.
Entered at the Post Office at Manning as
Second Class Matter.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR THE LEGISLATURE.

Mr.. Editor:-Under solicitations
of friends I have decided to stand for
reelection to the lower House of the
General Assembly, and pledge my.
self to abide the will OF the people al
at the primary.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15

President:
WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN,
Of Nebraska.
Vice President:
ARTHUR SEWALL,
Of Maine.
Senator:
JOHN GARY EVANS.
Congress:
JOHN L. McLAURIN.
Governor:
w. H. ELLERBE.
Lieutenant Governor:
MILES B. McSWEENEY.
Secretary of State:
D. II. TOMPkINS.
Attorney General:
W. a. BARBER.
Comptroller General:
JAMES NORTON.
Treasurer:
W. H. ZIMMERMAN.
Superintendent of Education:
w. D. MAYFIELD.'
Adiutant and Inspector General:
J. GARY WATTS.
Solicitor:
JOHN S. WILSON.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR AUDITOR.

announce myself a candidate for
the Office of County Auditor, pleds.
ing myself to stand by the decision OF
the primary.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR SHERIFF.

I will run for the Office of Sheriff,
subject to the Democratic primary,
and will appreciate the suffrage of
all who see fit to cast their votes for
me. j. h. LESESNE.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR AUDITOR.

am a candidate for reelection to
the Office of County Auditor and
pledge myself to stand by the prl-
mary.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR COUNTY SUPERVISOR.

FOR COUNTY SUPERVISOR.
At the solicitation of my friends l
announce myself q candidate for the
office of County Supervisor and here
by pledge myself to abide the decis-
ion of the ensuing Democratic pri-
mary.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR CLERK OF COURT.

thereby announce myself a candi-
date for the office of Clerk of Court
subject to the action of the primary.
!. H. TIMMONS.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
OFFICE OF !
SUPERVISORS OF REGISTRATION,
CLARENDON COUNTY.

OFFICE OF
SUPERVISORS OF REGISTRATION,
CLARENDON COUNTY.
Manning, S. c., May 20, 1896.
The Board of Registration will
open their books for the. purpose of
registering all qualified electors at
Boykin's, Monday, 18th July.
Coles Mill, Tuesday, 14th July,
New Town, Wednesday, 18th July.
Midway. Church, Thursday, 10Th
July.
Chambers, Friday, 18th July.
Alcolu, Saturday, 18th July.
Hodges Corner, Monday, Goth July
Fulton, Tuesday, 21st July.
Pamela, Wednesday,, 22nd July.
st. Paul, Thursday, 23rd July.
Summerton, Friday, 24th July.
Packsville, Saturday, 25th July.
Wilson'S Mill, Monday, eth July.
Foreston, Tuesday, 2Sth July.
Duties Old Store, Wednesday, Goth
July.
Jordan, Thursday, Both July.
Davis Cross Roads, Friday, 31st
July.
q. 7. WoRsHAM,
Chairman.
E. D. HODGE,
S. q. GRIFFIN,
Clerk.
BID of Supervisors of Registration.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA

COUNTY OF CLARENDON.
NOTICE OF SALE OF DELINQUENT
REAL PROPERTY FOR TAXES.
NOTICE is hereby given that by several
executions to me directed, by $. J. Bow
man, treasurer for Clarendon county, will
sell at public outcry, at the court house, in
Manning on saiesday in August, Il ext. be-
ing the third day of the month, the follow
ing real property:
st. Pauls:
CF Lenard, 1853 acres.
Calvary:
Frank Riley. 50 acres.
Mt. Zion:
". E. Smith and Thomas II Chew, I7S
acres.
Brewineton:
" E Smith and Thomas H Chew, 973
acres.
Plowden's Mill:
" f Smith and Thomas II Chew, LIT
Harmony:
W E Smith and Thomas II Chew, l,G6S
acres.
New Zion:
" 7 Smith and Thomas II Chew, LII
acres.
I ? Cooper l,244 acres, II buildings.
Douglas:
W II Ingram, 10 acres.
P a Alsbrook, 100 acres.
D. J. BRADHAM,
Sheriff Clarendon County.
July Sth, 1896.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
Candidates Cards.
FOR COUNTY SUPERVISOR.

Mr.. Editor:-Please announce me a
candidate for the Office of County
Supervisor, and | pledge myself to
abide the decision of the primary.
Respectfully,
R. R. HUDGINS.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR CLERK OF COURT.

I announce myself candidate for
the Office of Clerk of Court and
pledge myself to abide the result OF
the primary. B. .. CANIE1
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15

FOR THE LEGISLATURE.
Please announce my candidacy as
O. member of the lower House of Rep
resentatives, subject to the decision
of the primary.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR TREASURER.

announce myself a candidate for
County Treasurer in the coming prl-
mary and will abide its action.
S. J. BOWMAN.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR SUPERINTENDENT OF ED
TCATTON

At the solicitation of friends I an
nounce myself a candidate for the
office of County Superintendent OF
Education, formerly known as school
commissioner.
8. P. HOLIDAY.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR CLERK OF COURT.

hereby announce myself a candl-
date for Clerk of Court subject to the
action of the Democratic Primary:
c.. L. CUTTING.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
SUBSCRIPTION RATES:
ADVERTISING RATES

One square, one time. 81; each suose-
o,..,t insertion, so cents. Obituaries and
Tributes OF Respect charged for as regular
advertisements. Liberal contracts made Tor
three, six and twelve months.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
Candidates Cards.
FOR SUPERINTENDENT OF ED
UCATION.

l am a candidate for the Office of
Superintendent of Education and
would ask the people of Clarendon
for their support, promising them a
strict attention to the duties Of the
office and pledge myself to abide the
result of the primary.
r. r. BILLUPS, SR.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR CLERK OF COURT.

After mature deliberation I have
decided to announce myself a can
didate for the Office Of clerk court,
pledging myself to abide by the de-
cision Of the primary election:
c. r. FIELDER.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
FOR SUPERINTENDENT OF ED
UCATION.

I desire to announce to the Demo
cratic voters of Clarendon County
that am candidate for the office
Of County Superintendent of Educa,
ton, heretofore known as School
Commissioner, and pledge myself to
stand by the action of the primary.
L. J.. WELLS.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15

Ripans Tabules cure headache.
Ripans TabUles.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15
MANNING, S. c.:

WEDNESDAY, JULY IS, 1886.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1896-07-15

s. P. HOLLADAI.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15

Twenty minutes later Mr. Bowser
had the machine out on the highway.
He peeled of his coat and vest, tied
strings around the bottom Of his trou-
sers and had an mir Of confidence about
him which considerably puzzled Mrs.
Bowsor5
you are not going 10 jump right
on, are youy' she asked rs he mois,ened
his hands.
"Yuu bet amt he replied. IAN
the trouble with new beginners is be
ing afraid Of the machine. I'm going
right into that saddle rs If l had been
there "a thousand times before, and If
you see IA cloud of dust tipping down
the road you can hold on % your hat
with both hands. Here | go''
lie went. Ho put his foot on the step
aud made two hops and jump, and
Mrs BOwscr saw cloud Of dust Ii
didn Z go tipping down the road, how
ever, but remained right there at her
feet. twas "a oloud raised by Mr., Bow
ser as the machine bucked him of and
then fell upon him, and II was three or
four minutes before he got mp, with red
face and flashing eyes, and said:
II didn't expect To get the hang Of 1t
the first time, you know, but III get
there or die. Did 1t 60 down all Of IA
sudden with NOR
VERY sudden"
II guess didn { find the pedals quick
enough Stand back ~ little and give
me show Now. there's my foot, and
here's two hops and-and -
Mr.. Bowser didn't reach the saddle.
There was wild hope in his heart that
he would, but he rose just high enough
to fall forward, face downward, and
with "A wild wabblo the machine rolled
him into the waysido ditch and fell be-
side him.
you didn't do il" said Mrs. Bow
Ser as she advanced to help him up.
"Who kicked that hind whcel?' he
demanded as he sat up and combed the
dirt aud grass ont of his hair.
"No one. | wasn't within 20 feet OF
you. You'd better let mo hold the wheel
while you get oh. "
"Nevcr-nevCr! I've set out TO get on
that wheel by myself, and by the chin
Of my grandmother I'll do it or perish
right here "
Mr. Bowser, you know you have
short legs and are naturally clumsy,
and you ought to give yourself a
chance.
"Short legsl Clumsy he shouted,
as he struggled up. woman, get out
of the road-get inside the gate. You
are hoping for me to keep on falling,
and perhaps break my neck, but you'll
be disappointed. You just keep inside
that gate till you're called upon TO in
terfere.
Then Mr.. Bowser examined the
wheels. They were all there, He took
long look ut the handle bar, but discov-
cred nothing wrong with it. The ped
ais seemed to have been hung on at the
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15
NO BIRD FOR A BIKE.
Mr.. eowsER's CYCLING STATUS SET
tiled BY A SECOND TRIAL.

lie Discovers That the Only Trouble with
the Machinc-uis Bold Attempts and
How They Planned Out.
The Bowsers were eating their noon
day meal on their summer farm when
wagon stopped ut the gate, and bicy-
Gle was handed down and left in the
yard.
II thought" began Mrs Bowsor-
II thought you-you"-
"You thought had given it up" he
interrupted. 1.-TWO or three months ago
| experimental little with the wheel.
fell in love with IL, but didn't care to
buy one just then. am now going to
experiment some more. In fact, ex-
pcct to become u crack rider within a
week"
"You-you become a crack riderg'
And why notH What's the matter
with me2'
when you tried the bike before,
you were unconscious for an hour and
in bed for three days. You didn't seem
to-to"-
Didn't seem TO whatS" he shouted
as he showed back from the table. IF
didn't quite get the hang Of the thing,
il wasn't my fault. No one can ride
bike right of I've got the best kind 81
chance To learn and propose TO take
advantage Of il. expect fall or two
but what Of it9 What l want is 10 hard.
en- this flesh down, and all doctors
agree that there's nothing like bicycle
riding to do il. In two weeks I'll be
kicking up my heels like "A boy. "
II wish you'd give up the idea, "
said Mrs. Bowscr, certain in her own
mind that "A tragedy would follow any
experiment. on his part
That's just like you, he growled.
IF get IA plan to take "A little COM
Fort. you are always ready 90 head me
of. | have sent To town for n bike. IL
is here. / propose TO learn TO ride it
and shall begin in ten minutes There
Is no more O. ba said.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15

right place, and he could find no fault
with the saddle. Mrs. Bowsor stood
watching him over the gate. but he
pretended to DO oblivious of her pres
ence and drew a long breath and made
ready for another try ut it. IL suddenly
occurred to him that he didn't get in
hops enough, Ind so he started out on a
new plan. With his foot on the step no
began hopping and humping. His idea
was TO get "a good Roadway and then
rise like bird. but ut the fifth hop the
machine took shoot into the ditch,
and there was another wrestling match,
in which il came out on top.
"You see, you cant do it, J." said Mrs
Bowser, as she went out and pulled the
wheel off him. you don't seem TO
hold the wheel right and you hop on
the sole of your foot II were you, I'd
wait till we get back TO town. and then
"a
Mr.. Bowser arose and pointed to the
open gate, and so strong was his emo
ton that il was u full half minute be-
fore he could say:
Am / running this business, or are
you? When don't know enough to get
on to bicycle. perhaps I'll call for
your advice.
but you haven't got ON yet "
That's my affair. II ! want to fool
around little and get acquainted with
the idioms Of the machine, I guess
can do IT, l haven't tried to mount
yet. "
"Oh, thought you had. Just prac.
ticing, ch?"
And you will oblige me by going
into the house, Mrs Bowser. Should |
require your presence or feel the need
Of any more sarcasm I'll send you post
al card. "
She went, and when she had disap-
pearcd Mr.. Bowser looked the machine
over again and chuckled TO himself:
"I'll give the pesky thing a surprise
party the way that Thompson did I'll
act as il | didn't care whether school
kept or not, and then spring into the
snddle all Of sudden.
He led the machine up and down the
road "A few times. patting the saddle in
fatherly way and humming "A tune,
and by and by, after quick glance at
the house 60 see if Mrs. Bowser was
looking. he made "A sudden dash for the
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15

INCoMPARABLE SERVICE. The Qloen
Crescent trains ere the finest trRIs ruT
in the State of KIN uckv. -Four d,ily
trains to Cincinnati connect Nth ih'
main highways Of the Gr"st TrunA Lines
o! the North, West aud Eat This j.
the line par--rc,li.rc- ~ "esrr q. m
NV Yorg, .-'ou sud trr f. p. Th'
Olpsn * C,aa"rnt Chrnrc oi'h rvaT,
line OFT cf Cincinnau T. SV't', y. a
T. A, Loxirgfor. XIV, 81. & Mo'gtu. =
p. A Lexington, XIV
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15
Christian Marriage.

In the Is years that have been bish-
OPP | have become convinced that some
Catholic men and women do not know
the sacred character of Christian mar
riage. Some Catholics decide in an hour
to get married, some in six months, and
they run off to squire, non Catholic
minister, layman, Jew, u heather
or a pagan and get married. They make
no Christian preparation for the mar
riage, but instead they commit crimes
and sins Of such an awful character that
would not dare to mention them.
There are many who get married in a
state of mortal sin. This brings curses
down on the marriage and causes many
unhappy lives. That is why so many
husbands and wives are separated
Bishop W. NJ. Wigger, Catholic, New
Jersey.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15

saddle. lie got there Just how no did
it be will never be able 20 make out,
but 10 his utter surprise he found him.
self th,rc and his feet clawing about
for the pedals lis first impression was
that hC was az least 20 feet above the
earth his second that he was all uf 80.
lie had dim idea that he was speed.
ing along like a race horse, hut II didn't
last long As IA matter Of fact, the ma
chine took "skit' Of about ten feet
aud suddenly stopped. Mr.. Bow>cr also
stopped. When Mrs, Bows,r got ont TO
him, hr was on Cuo side If tdc road
and the wheel ON tire other Nr. Bow
ser had struck on his head aud was look.
ing into vacancy and whispering 20
himself IL was like Groam-some
one lifting his hDad--.hiS tolv being
rolled ahuut--a wagon coming mp and
two mpu Juggling him into thc house.
lie meant TO cAwgo Mrs Bowsor with
hitting him with a frIru Iail-with
showing rowbar between the svokes
t0 ups r h.u-With maHrl0usly plan
ming his dpath-hut the words refused
90 come, and whilc he was wondering
what was the matter he heard ore Of
tho men say:
con, not nj all, madam; glad 10 bo
Of any service He'll come 60 after
awhile and be all right again in few
days, and if you have any influence
with him you'd better advise him to
ride rail. He's no bird for the bike. "
NJ. QUAD.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15
The Inference.

Bilkins-Where' Johnson now?
Fanning-ln South Dakota.
Bilkius (whispering)-You don't tell
me? Why, | supposed they were the
happiost couple in town. What was
the nature of the trouble?-Cleyeland
Leader.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15

The friendly crrteet between the
metropolitan and Foundry Methodist
churches 1T Washington over which
should have the honor Of having VIZ
Mckinley rs a memteT, hss been ttiId
in favor of the latter. q, whirh the prPsi
dent.elect slwsys worshipned Will ?
Congrt semen.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15

""ddr, Il "sQn.'r II Crefcent Route
fare round trip from all Queen & Ores
C mt rn,nis So Ire Dec mher 22nd 10 25tb
AM D,c-uhs' 30'h h. January H. Al
tic eis good III J'runrv A. IN return
On sac 10 pointa ui'h'n 500 ni',s radius
Ask agents 'or particulars.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15
An Expensive Set.

Mamma" said Benny Bloobumper,
as he rushed in from school, "our new
teacher has such fine teeth"
HAS she, dear?"
eyes, indeed. They are nearly all
gilt edged. Truth.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15
That's Nothing.

On perceiving it the rooster cackled
loudly.
"Oh, you needn't make so much
noise, " said the hen modostly. II often
get OFF good thing like that, New
York Press
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15

When tho steak was brought upon
the table, the boarders ground their
teeth.
They had previously whetted their
appetites. Detroit Tribune.
Semi-weekly interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1881-1905, 1896-12-15
Long Headed.

Tip-I hear old Snagsby left cool
million behind.
Nip-How else could he keep it cool?
Truth.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-13
IRON MEN DEPRECATE THE Ex-
AGGERATED REPORTS OF COM
ING PROSPERITY.
RECOVERY WILL BE SLOW.
BUSINESS is INCREAs-
ING. Js9rt N4
PURCHASERS ARE HANGING BACK,
Hardly Ready as Yet TO Pay the
Advanced Prices Which Are BE-
ing Demanded.

CLEVELAND, o., Nov. 12.-The Iron
of correspondence with iron and steel
manufacturers in all parts of the coun-
try relative to the outlook in the iron
industry since the election. In nearly
every case, the replies note an increase
of inquiry and with promise of imme-
date activity in some lines of finished
material, in marked contrast with the
dizziness preceding election. There is
a general expression also that 1897 will
be year Of large business. But there
is as yet no such volume of new bust
ness as will guarantee steady operation
Of the mills in the near future, the ap-
proach of the winter season, which is
naturally dull in the iron trade making
it entirely unlikely that the present
squirt Of orders, held up by election I'M
certainty, will be followed by enough
to employ full forces. The Review says
that operations in the next few months
will therefore be somewhat spasmodic.
Many iron manufacturers in their let
tiers deprecate the exaggerated reports
that have been published, since they
are likely to cause disappointment later
to those who have looked for an I'M
reasonably quick recovery from so long
a period of depression.
Pittsburg, Pa, Nov. 12.LThe Ameri-
can Manufacturer will say tomorrow, in
its weekly review of the iron and steel
trade: Although reports of the coming
revival are greatly exaggerated in
many instances, there is undeniably a
better condition of things At the same
time it is too early to look for big
jump in any line of the trade This
seems to be about the general opinion.
AS yet consumers are hardly ready to
pay the advanced rates demanded and,
although, in many instances, they know
that they must pay them at last, they
put it off as long as possible. On the
whole the situation is about as it was
last week with more assured prospects
and a more willingness to do business.
But the decided move will not come
until the buying side fully accepts the
situation. On all sides preparations
are being made for a big increase in
trade
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-13
BRUSH PLAYED EVEN.
Carried Things His Way in the Big
League Meeting.

CHICAGO. Nov. 12.-The result of the
days proceedings at the meeting of the
National league finds John T. Brush
restored to the place of power that he
held before the events of Wednesday.
At tonight'S session of the league, for 1t
was dark before the magnates could
be got together, although their meet
ing had been set for II O'Clock in the
morning, the Louisville club voted
with the Brush-Byrne faction, and
swept all before it by the narrow mar
gin of one Votes
The minutes of the spring meeting
that had caused the-t trouble of the day
before were approved, sanction was
given to the proceedings of the recent
meeting of the board of arbitration in
New York, at which the board voted to
keep its membership at six, and de-
cided to extend it's jurisdiction so that
1t would include cases similar to the
appeal in the Western league, and then
the Identical board of arbitration that
has been accused of being the cause Of
all the trouble was reelected for an
other year.
When the first vote showed that the
Brush-Byrne faction had seven votes,
Col. Rogers, of Philadelphia, came to
the front in a vigorous speech in which
he denounced the low grade to which
he said base ball had fallen, when, as
he said, it had become matter merely
of factions making the laws. To this
Mr.. Byrne sarcastically rejoined that
it was evidently all wrong to have a
| faction Of seven clubs, but all right to
| have a faction of five. The five finally
gave up the fight, and the board pro-
| ceeded to other business. A new board
Of directors was chosen, the playing
rules committee appointed, and Mick
Young was elected to serve for a term
Of four years in addition to the one
year of his present term, which he still
has to serve. This action came Of a
Brooklyn club Col. Rogers had, it
the fairness Of Mr.. Young, in one of
his speeches. The vote continuing
Young in Office was unanimous.
A resolution was passed providing
that no member of the National league
shall be eligible for membership on
the national board of arbitration who
has any pecuniary interest in any
minor league club. Before this reso-
luton passed, Mr.. Brush made a
speech, saying he was in no way in
terested in any minor league. The
board of directors chosen consists of
Messrs. Freedman, Wagner, Soden
Stuckey, Won der Abe and Robson.
! The playing rules committee is COM
posed of Messrs. Hart, Hanlon and
Reach. The report of the Harry
Wright day committee showed that a
total of So, 400 had been received for
the fund The money was turned over
to Frank Haugh. chairman Of the me-
mortal association.