davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
TO GET INTO THE NAVY.
How a Boy Nav Become a United States
Blue jacket.


Bluejacket.
When a boy wishes to become sailor
in the navy he applies to one of the
three receiving" ships. They are ths
Vermont at the New York navy yard.
the Wabash at the Boston navy yard
and the Richmond at the League Island
navy yard in Philadelphia. The boys
must be between II and 16 years of
age, sound in health and be able 70 read
and write TO some extent. No distinc-
tion is made in race, and it is singular
fact that the colored boys who apply
are almost invariably able to read and
write better than the white boys. On
board the Vermont the only reading
test applied is contained on a card,
which is as follows:
BE it enacted by the senate and
house of representatives of the United
States. in congress assembled, that
fraudulent enlistment and the receipt
of any pay or allowance Hereunder
is hereby declared an offense agains;
naval discipline. and made punishable
by general court-martial"
What I have Just read to YOU is a
law of the United States. and it means
that if you do not tell the truth about
your age, parents or guardians. or if
you are a deserter from the naval o.
military service. you may be tried by
court-martial. put in prison. or pun.
ished in some way"
The last paragraph of this is what
boys are usually required to read. The
officers are not very strict about the
hard words. and so almost any boy can
pass the test. After being admitted
Uncle Sam gives each boy an outfit.
His parents or guardian must sign a
paper giving him to the government
until he is 81 years of age. He becomes
known at once as third-rate appren-
tice. and in few dess he is sent to q
training school at Newport. where he
is taught rudimentarv things about d
sailors life and work. After remaining
al Newport for six months he is trans
ferred to one of two training ships
These are the Essex and the Alliance
He remains on one of these for six
months and takes a cruise.
On the voyage he learns how to han
die the sails. how to sew and splice
and how to handle guns. Innumerable
other things about sailors life he also
picks up. and when lie returns he is
transferred to modern man-of-war.
where he becomes an apprentice of the
second-class. Here he takes his place
with the regular crew, and has his al
lotted share of the daily routine to per-
form. He is examined every three
months, and usually he becomes an ap-
prentice of the first-class in six months.
when he has the rank that corresponds
10 the rank of seaman with sailors
Earper's Round Table.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
GU WITH WISE cope.
How stone Is to .Be Taken Gus or an
Eastern quarry.

How stone Is to BE Taken Gus OF an
Eastern quarry.
Those who have INDUCED in deep sea
fishing know how the fish line cuts
deeply into the hard wood of the gun
vale as it is hauled in while taut
Even an iron protection. after a tlme'
shows the wear of the rope, which is
comparatively soft. This. says the De
troit Free Press, gives clew to the
inyention of an Albany quarryman Tor
cutting stone. Instead. however, OF
hemp. he proposes to use wire rope,
and with this ne will carve the marble
and stone right out of its native bed.
The wire is wound in strands, and has
very rough surface, powerful machln-
cry gives a strong and steady STRAIN,
and the stone. yielding to the constant
wear. parts. with smooth edges. 1t
would be easy enough to cut the blocks
after they are removed from the quar-
~. but where the cleverness of the in
ventor comes in is devising mechanism
tnat can be applied to the stone while
in the quarry This is effected by sink.
ing two parallel channels in the quarry
TO a depth of little greater than that OF
the lowest level of the stone to be cut
The channels may be from to 100 feet,
or more, apart. At the bottom of each
is made a small hole to receive the foot
ends of the shafts of the machine. This
IS the only preparation of the quarry
that is necessary. The ropes. which
are coiled on huge drums, are then
raised around the channels. and as the
drums revolye the cutting proceeds.
Suitable brakes are provided fer the
regulation of the speed and pressure.
The ordinary speed of the strand is 500
feet minute. so that a mile length
of it passes in six minutes. While the
strand is moving. crushed stone or
chilled shot and water can be intro
duced to increase the attrition. Far
better. however. than either of these
is a composition obtained from the
tailings of a magnetic iron separator.
which costs about one-tenth as much as
the chilled shot. It does not leave the
lines caused by the shot. and it can
DC used over and over again.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
KIPLING's LITTLE JOKE.
How He Gave out Policy for the Aus
traIians.


Rudyard Kipling is usually repre-
scented as being very cold and distant to
young newspaper men, and proof
against their efforts 10 interview him.
There is evidently a kind side to his ma
ture. however, as is shown by q story
that is told by the Literary Digest. In
regard to the statement in an Austria
liam paper that he landed on that island
at - o'clock and 10 minutes later had
formulated an Australian policy" Mr..
Kipling. according to the Digest makes
the following explanation: "a young
reporter cornered me just after I
landed | treated him kindly. but said
firmly that I was not to be inter
viewed. I have not thought of inter
viewing YOU replied the reporter, with
a sadness in his voice. I ask much
greater favor than that It turned out
that the reporter had an Australian
policy which he knew would be Of the
greatest benefit to the country No
paper would print il. His modest re-
quest was that Kipling would let him
put forth his theory as the scheme OF
the novelist. They will print it he
said. IF I give it as coming from vou'
All right agreed Kipling. fire ahead
So the young reporter got in four
mortal columns telling the people Of
Australia how to govern their country.
4 never read the article Mr. Kipliug
plaeidly says. but there must have been
amazing theories in it from the storm il
raised.'"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
FlRsTS3UILOER OF The VATICAN
The Vast Structure Is Mainly Due to Pope
Nicholas V,


Nicholas V.
The present existence of the palace
Is principally due to Nicholas V. the
builder pope. whose gigantic scheme
would startle a modern architect. His
plan was to build the church of ST.
Peters as starting point, and then to
construct one vast central habitat
for the papal administration, covering
the whole of what is called the Borgo.
from the castle of SAINT Angelo to the
cathedral. In ancient times a portico
or covered way supported on columns.
led from the bridge to the church. and
it was probably from this real struc-
ture that Nicholas began his imaginary
one, only small part of which was
ever completed That small portion
alone comprises the basilica and the
Vatican palace. which together form by
far the greatest continuous mass of
buildings in the world. The Colosseum
Is 1876 yards long by 156 broad. including
the thickness of the walls. st. Peters
church alone is 2O5 yards long and 1856
broad. so that the whole Colosseum
would easily stand upon the ground
plan of the church. while the Vatican
palace is more than half as large again.
Nicholas V died in 1855. and the old
est parts of the present Vatican palace
are not older than his reign. They are
generally known as Tore Borgio. from
having been inhabited by Alexander VI,
who died of poison in the third of the
rooms now occupied by the library,
counting from the library side. The
windows of these rooms look upon the
large square court of the Belvedere,
and that part of the palace is not Wis
ible from without.
Portions of the substructure of the
earlier building were no doubt utilized
by Nicholas. and the secret gallery
which connects the vatican with the
mausoleum of Hadrian is generally at
tributed to Pope John XXIII.. who died
in 141T: but on the whole it may be said
that the Vatican palace is originally
building of the period of the renais-
sance, to which all successive popeS
have made additions.-F. Marion Craw-
ford, in Century
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
SETTLED IN NOVA SCOTIA.
Colonial Americans Who Early Made
Their Homes in Canada.

Colonial Americans Who Early Made
Their Homes in Canada.
Many loyalists, particularly from
New England. had fed to Nova Scotia
before the close of the war, and settled
On the spot where the city of st. John
now stands. This gave one objective
point, at any rate. says Macmillan's
Magazine, to the much larger band OF
eXiles who at the peace were forced II
seek new homes at short notice; and
in single year the new settlements
grew to some $4,000 souls. Men of all
classes fiocked there, officers and sol
diers. clergymen and lawyers. farmers.
mechanics and merchants. They were
naturally much above the average Of
ordinary emigrants, both in character,
education and intelligence; but all, or
nearly all. were equally destitute and
forced to begin the battle of life afresh.
4 year later New Brunswick was sep
arated from Nova Scotia, endowed with
council and home assembly. and the
capito! moved TO the present site at
Fredericton
The first council included many we'll
known New England names. such as
Putnam. Winslow. Allen and Willard.
1t included, also, late judge of the
supreme court of New York. another
distinguished lawyer of that colony.
and several officers of the loyal regi-
ments. Both the New York and the
Virginia branch of the Robinsons, one
of the wealthiest and most influential
families in colonial America, were here
represented, and to this day are conspic-
Gous in upper Canada.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
A FORGOTTEN ART.
Cycling Has Proved q Serious Setback t.
the Necessary Exercise of Walking.

Cycling Has Proved q Serious Setback t.
the Necessary Exercise of Walking.
1t is to be hoped that the good old
custom of pedestrianism will not fall
into disuse. The bicycle rider has, per.
haps, gained more than he has los1 but
he has lost something. and that by no
means unimportant.
1t Isl great economic gain to minimize
time and distance to so considerable an
extent. The enjoyment in the way of
the air and eXerciseand thu poetry; and
eXhilaration of easy and rapid motion
is delightful. but this sensuous salts
faction is likely to be obtained at the
expense of mental stimulus. The bicycle
rider cannot tarry to study the tint or
texture of the flowers or breathe their
fragrance He cannot listen to the
songs of birds or the music of the
brooks His course is over the worlds
conventional tracks and though nature
speaks in countless tongues, he
hardly catches so much as the echo of
any of them. The woodlands and the
byways, where Turk the choicest mani
festations of beauty. he cannot visit. On
his mighty runs he sees only the shin
ing road before him rejecting the light
of the moon and stars. but he cannot
lift his eyes to the milky way or view
the still more glorious tenantry of the
heavens.
1t does not seem violent hypothesis
that this condition of things must tend
to weaken those habits of observation
upon which so much that is great in art.
science and literature depend. and that
this will be deplorably apparent in the
next generation. unless some counter
interest can be developed 1t is seri-
Gus question whether White. or Sell
bourne. a Burroughs or Thoreau could
have been produced on an exclusive BIZ
cycle basis. Their natural tendencies
might have overcome all obstacles of en-
vironment, but observation is a plant
that starts early and grows by what
It. feeds upon. and amid surroundings
and influences like the present they
might not 50 easily have been induced
into those delightful and congenial Ia
bors that have so sweetened the htera-
ture of our time.
The bicycle interest has come TO stay
and to grow unless some more potent
attraction shall supplant 1t. But TO bal
ance ii and prevent social one-sidedness
and mental deterioration we need the
extension and multiplication of such or
CARNATIONS as the Appalachian club,
which will soon start upon an outing.
not to annihilate space, but to become
acquainted with the wealth which oc-
cupies it. and in acquiring health and
-
It is something to know the world OF
men. but it is infinitely more important
to know intimately the world of nature.
for upon that knowledge rests all thai
man has ever accomplished or ever can
accomplish. The fastest scorcher may
get to the end of life's journey the
soonest. but he will not arrive with as
much luggage as the more moderate and
observant wayfarer.-Boston Tran
script.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
WHEN DAYS WILL BE LONG.
Eventually Each VIII Be as Big as a
Month.


Do you know that the day, which is
now only "a hours long, is slowly in
creasing in length, and that it viii
eventually be 25, 20. or even 100 hours
in length? This statement, strange as ii
may sound to one who has not read tie
results of observations made on tina;
score, is believed to be true in every re-
spect.
Not only will the earth's motion slow
up until the day will be- one. two and
three times as long as it is at present,
but this pace-slaekening process will
increase with time. until the day VIII
eventually be a week or even Q month
in length. The ''retarding medium"
which the astronomers speak of as be-
ing the cause of this phenomenon, is not
fully understood at present.
Sir Robert Ball says that it is the fric-
ton of the tides which is responsible
for the most of it. He urges that the
time will come when the day will be a
full year in length, Others among the
Investigators along this line declare
that it will be absolutely impossible
for this day-lengthening process to in
crease beyond one lunar month.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
NOT A NOODLE.
The Farmer Did Not Care to stop the
WeddinR.

The Farmer Did Not Care to stop tine
Wedding.
was standing on the corner OF HAWK
and High streets when frisky-looklng
old farmer came to me, says a writer I'D
the New York World. and said excited
ly:
stranger, does a minister of the
Gospel live in yonder brick house with
the green blinds?''
REV. Mr.. Sawyer lives there" l re-
piled.
Thank goodness" he said. with
sigh.
sSickness in your family?' asked.
NO sickness there, stranger" he re-
Piled. "but daughter Libbie run away
frum hum wo b Teller this morning
Soon's | heard of it I started after'em
an got sight of 'em jos outside the city
an KEEP sight of 'em till they went into
yonder house.
why don't you go into the house and
stop the wedding?" I asked.
stop the weddin'? Me? Say. stranger,
do look like noodle? Do look like
gawk that would kick at havin' 3S years
of care an worry lifted off his shoulders
in minute?' he asked sarcastically.
Not exactly" | replied.
Guess not. stranger. l jes' run after
the guilty pair to keep em from chang
in their minds I'll ies' wait here as
happy as an angel with a new pair Of
wings till the happy pair come out'
then I'll give EN- my blessin' an hurry
hum an kill the fatted calf. Stop the
xeddip'3 \ixev''
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
Ii HUNG CHANG.
LiberaIity of the Views OF the Cbi.
Statesman.

LiberaIity of the Views Of the Cbin.
Statesman.
1t is claimed that notwitbstar7;-
Lii Hung Chang has shown some lis
atty of views toward modern irDrrova
ments and education, he is al. baart
hater of foreigners, and has AIN a},;,l..
faith in Chinese institutions and nj
DDS of government. He is. it is tr,,a
a great admirer Of Confucian nil
ophy, and remembering the endurin,
history of his people we can hardIoo
wonder at his devotion 10 the irs+;t,.S
tions which have made thar he
possible. When we call 10 mind -,
experience China has had with cor.e4
western nations, it might not ba ooa
sidered strange if his attachment -
foreigners was not very ardent. brt
in all his public life. says john 1v ~ .'
ter in Century, his corau-+ sbo-,.
that he feels the need IF fo~a.or o;5
and is disposed to give # H-o..~ val
come, and of all Chimes SAT. .r.e.. l..
is the most liberal-ml1dad r5 f-ao
from prejudice. He is far --.-.. .--.--
ing that the present ev~--fa - o-g...-
ment is perfect. H ha-. 81 ~ mood
upon the authorities III Lt....-r -... ~
portant changes which t.a~ -.
Of the most serious .t...-.
tenn; to wit. the w:thG- f-.-. II.
vicerovs of provinces nj r-e.-. .rrtaL
should Ee exercised orLv h--. ..u,.r;.I
government. and such a.- ~.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
BEAU RRUMMELL.
st the Grave OF s Famous Dandy and


st the Grave OF $ Famous Dandy and
English visitors TO Tilly-sur-Seulles
having satisfied +heir curiosity. turn TO
Caen, where lie the bones of an Eng
Iishman who has left behind an i'm
mortal reputation as a dandy and wit.
Eeau Brummell. after having been the
friend of the prince regent. died in
poverty, fTiendless imbecile. Born in
IT'S, George Bryan Brummen was edu-
gated at Elton, where he made a name
for social aplomb, readiness of repartee
and fastidious neatness in dress. He
went TO the Oriel college. Oxford, for a
years. He was presented with coronet-
cy by the prince of Wales in the Tenth
Hussars, and for some years enioved
the friendship of the prince, who was
atterward George ". At last they
quarreled. but Beau" Brummeu held
his own in society until gambling losses
made him fee the country. In 1880 he
was appointed British consul at Caen.
Ills creditors closed round him. and in
May. 1885. he was cast into prison. His
spirit seemed to have been broken. and
N 1887 he showed signs of. irnbecilitv
md died at the Asylum of the Bon
Sauveur, Caen. in March. 1870
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
WELCOMING A RIVER.
joyful Occasion to the People Of
Portion of Peru.

In the long coastal desert of Peru,
which is some 2.O00 miles in length,
but only 100 miles broad at its widest
part. the rivers. Maj. A. +. Sears says,
disappear in the dry season and begin
to flow again in February or March
when rain falls in the Cord illeras. One
of the most important of these rivers is
the Piura. the return of whose waters is
welcomed with great reioicings by the
inhabitants of its banks. About the
time when the coming of the river"
IS expected. says the Youths CCmpan-
ion. eager inquiries as to the progress
of the water are put to all persons who
chance to come from the head of the
valley. and when the water approaches
he town of Piura professions go out to
meet it, and escort its first trucking
stream down the dry river-bed with
music and fireworks. At the outskirts
of the city thousands of people greet its
arrival. The valley of the Piura is said
by Maj. Sears to produce excellent cot
ton, although its possibilities in this
respect are not we'll developed for lack
of systematic irrigation. Once in
period of from five to seven years rain
falls upon the coastal plain. wheTeupon.
with magic quickness, grass and flow
crs cover it, and cattle browse in its
pastures, but in a few weeks everything
withers, and desolation reigps once
more upon the barren sands.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
Eiiot's Indian Bible.

Miss Frances II. Tribou. daughter of
Chaplain Tribou, takes exception to the
oft-repeated statement that no man
now living can read Eliot's Indian
Bible. She writes Zicn's Herald that at
the Mohonk Indian conference of 1921
she heard Bishop WhipPle say that it is
mistake to say it cannot be read, be-
cause the Ojibways of Minnesota can
read it. As the bishops remarks are
published in the proceedings of the con-
ference, and as he is an authority on
such matters, Miss Tribou's exception
seems to be well taken.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
THE "WAGO OWANHAN."
Mysterious Light That Hangs in
West Virginia Canyon.


West Virginia Canyon.
An old-time West Virginia wonder
is again causing quite a discussion
among the reading and thinking peo-
PIE of Wyoming and adjoining coun-
ties. The wonder" referred TO is the
mysterious light which has been known
since times almost prehistoric as the
"Wago Owanhan."
This phenomenal light, says the ST.
Louis Republic, appears to emanate
from certain spot on the precipitous
sides of the great Pat Wess canyon.
L casts its ghostly sheen across the
waters of the river. lighting the sur
rcunSings not with ''sickly, pale,
whitGlight." but with a phosphorescent
glow of sufficient brightness to make
the reading of a newspaper or book
possible on the darkest night. Accord
ing to some investigator of the Wage
Owanhan" the light does not emanate
from any spot on the canyons side. but
hangs out over the river, like a luminous
cloud or fog. This appears to have been
the case at the time when Prof. Tohlurr
and Mr.. I. e. Christian-the latter OF
Oceana. ". Na.-visited the spot. On
the 18th and 10th of last February an
expedition. headed by Mr.. Christian.
again visited the "Nago Owanhan."
Snow was falling rapidly at the time,
and Mr.. Christian says that every flake.
when it reached height of about geo
feet above the water. would blaze out
with dazzling brightness" and remain
luminous until il reached the surface
A scientific investigation of the phe,
nomenon will be made
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
A PLEAsuRE.LovlNe PEOPLE
And Yet the Hungarian Peasants Make
Good soldiers.

And Yet the Hungarian Peasants Make
Good Soldiers.
Writing of 'Hungary's Picturesque
Peasantry'' in the Ladies' Home Com
panion, DR.. Edward n. Steiner says:
"They are all pleasure-loving peo-
pie, and the rowing gypsy, if he can
weld bow. finds welcome in every
hut. The csarda (inn) is filled every
night with villagers and shepherds
fnom the pusztas (plains). The wives,
babies and sweethearts come, too, and
over a glass of palenka (whisky) or
soer (wine) the evening is spent. never
ending without dance or fight: and
good fighters they are, these Hum
garians. They fought for their liber-
w, and retained it. as did no other of
the Austrian provinces; and if Austria
lost her battles with foreign foes. it
was due to no lack. of bravery on the
part of Hungarian soldiers. Though
hating the German tongue, which is
used in the army, when the call 'vor-
waerts' came, they unquestioningly
obeyed, and shed their blood upon the
battle fields of sunny Italy and in the
forests of Bohemia.
THE Austrian empire, once the holy
Roman empire. has lost her place in the
front rank of nations because of her
decaying aristocracy. which yielded only
towards and weaklings for the captains
of her host. and because of6er narrow
inc conservatism which kept alive the
spirit of persecution. and which him
dered any real progress. But Hungary,
though under Austrian rule, has stead
lily been gaining. and her progress, as |
lave said. is due largely to her brave.
Industrious and liberal-minded peas
s0+1,v"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-21
MUST OBEY HIS OWN LAW.
Why the bartender Refused to Sell His
Boss = Drink.


Because man makes law he may
not always break it with impunitT.
Hiram Clayton. who keeps the Branch
town hotel and is quite well-known
character, made q rule some time ago for
the government of his barroom. says
the Philadelphia Record. He decided
that when q man went to sleep in his
barroom that was sufficient evidence
that the man had had enough TO drink.
Upon awalling. therefore. the sleepy
one was promptly refused any more
liquor. The rule was RICHLY Enforced
both by Clayton himself and by his
brother-in-law who acts as bartender
One day recently. however. the rule
proved to lee a boomerang. Clayton was
sitting in bis barroOm. Il was q very
warm afternoon and the host gradually
dozed off into a sound sleep. Some
time later customer came N. He wore
heavy boots and the noise of his
entrance awakened Clayton. The latter
sat up and rubbed his eyes. Come an
have somethin'. HI" said the customer
Clayton stood up against the bar and
sleepily called for a beer. sorry" sand
the bartender. bat YOU can't have any
drink" What" yelled Clayton. who
was now thoroughly awake. If
against the rules; you've been asleep"
said the bartender. seriously. He stuck
70 it. and his boss realizing the justice
of it was obliged to give in The rule
has since been abolished.