davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31
OXFORD INDIA PAPER.
ONLY Three Persons Know the Secret Oh
Its Manufacture.

ONLY Three Persons Know the Secret Oh
Its Manufacture.
The marvellous Oxford india paper
was first introduced in 1875. Since tnen
II has revolutionized the Bible ana
prayer book trade, and Is now useu
for all the more popular devotlonal
books throughout the world. In 1871
I'm Oxford graduate is said to nave
brought home from the far east a
small fold of extremely thin paper,
which was manifestly more opaque anc
tough for it's substance than any paper
then manufactured in Europe. He pre-
scented it to the Clarendon Press. The
late Thomas Combe, who had recent
Iy been appointed printer to the uni
versity, found it to be just sufficient
for "a copies of the smallest Bible then
In xistence-dialnond 24mo - and
,yrinted an edition of that Number
which bore the date of 1872 The
hooks were barely third OF the usua'
thickness, and, although as much az
500 apiece was offered for them, No
copies were sold, and they were pre-.
sented to the queen and other distin'
pushed persons.
All efforts to trace the paper to Its
source was futile, and, as years rolled
on, the circumstance was forgotten
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

and tenths, and from this the total per-
centage of sunshine is obtained for the
month.
The thermometer is the instrument
used to record the velocity or force of
the wind. 1t consists of four hemis-
phericaI cubs, securely fastened to
spindle, which connects with series
of cog wheels in the dial of the instru
ment. Five hundred revolutions of the
cups cause the dial to move one notch.
and a contact is then made in the dial,
which causes the electric current to
pass 6through magnet in the triple
register, and this draws the pen to it,
thus making mark on the sheet for
each mile OF wind Travelled. If the wind
is blowing at greater or less rate of
speed, the marks on the sheet are
either closer together or farther apart,
as the 500 revolutions are completed in
a shorter or longer period of time.
These data are tabulated on monthly
sheet, the actual number of miles trav-
eled being entered for each hour, and
the total number of miles for each day;
thus the total number of miles Travelled
for The month is obtained, and from
this the average hourly velocity for the
month.
When storm velocity occurs, /. e.,
when the wind is blowing at tho rate
of 40 or more miles per hour for five
minute intervals, these data are entered
on another sheet, showing the exact
Time at which the wind began to blow
at that rate, the time of the highest
velocity and the time It ended. Such
data as these are often used as evidence
IN courts where damage has been occar
stoned by high winds.
The direction from which the wind
is blowing is registered by Che anemo-
scope, or wind vane. 1t consists of an
iron rod with spreading tail of wood,
and so balanced that it is easily turned
by the wind as it changes direction.
Tho vane is securely fastened to an
other rod running vertically to the con.
llact box. The entire weight of the
vane is supported upon three anti-frio-
| fiQn rollers.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31
S5liIfi|:. il! {1EE;x{@R21 ion ion
FORECASTING STORMS.
lSome of the Instruments Used by
the Weather Bureau.
Automatic Records of the Sunshine Re-
corder-RecOrding the Velocity and
Force of Winds-AnemOscOpe
or Wind Vane.

In the wonderful development and
improvement that have been made in
electrical apparatus in the last few
years, the weather bureau has not been
.behin,, the times; So that now an entire
observation of the several different ele<
ments that go to make up record of
the weather, such as the barometric
pressure, the temperature, the direc-
ltion of the wind, the velocity of the
wind. the sunshine, and the rainfall,
can all be taken by means of auto
hnatic, self-registering instruments
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

hall. The hall has nice treatment
at one end and contains 3
seat and spacious stairway leading tc
the second story. A nook with seats I'd
either side of the fireplace furnishes q
quiet retreat and tends to make the
ball really inviting room. The library
and dining-room contain freplaces.
The kitchen has sink, brick opening
for stove and a boiler. There is but
ler's pantry, Sx9 feet, pastry pantry,
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

6x8 feet, and vestibule for ice box.
feet inches by feet.
The foundation will be of rubble
stone, 1S inches thick. The siding will
be inch; the studding 2x4, placed 16
inches on centers. Floor joist will be
2x10, 16 inch centers.
Sheathing is to be of fence flooring,
and shingles are of extra cedar quail
ty. All cutters, downspouts, flashing
and saddles must be perfect Glass is
to be American double thick and free
from defects. The frIeze will be of
composition carving. The chimneys
showing above the roof and the col
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

Der of marks within a five-minute space
show the rate per hour at which the
wind is blowing. The magnets actuate
the pens or armatures when the electric
circuit is closed. The self-inking pens
rest very lightly upon the ruled sheet,
the wind-welocity pen marking to the
right and the sunshine pen to the lelT.
Electrical World
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

umns of veranda will be of yellow
pressed brick. All floors will be
double, having felt paper between. Tar
paper will be placed between siding and
sheathing.
The house will be plastered with two
coats of plaster, a brown coat and q
putty coat. All interior wood work will
be of Georgia pine, finished in oil.
The exterior of the house will be
painted three coats, including the prim-
ing. The height of first story ceiling
is 10 feet, second story ceiling is 9 feet
9 inches. The entire basement floor is
concerted. The house will be wired for
electric bells. Front door panel is to bo
Of plate glass, as shown by front eleva-
ton. Furnace room, coal room, fruit
room and laundry are in the basement.
The hardware will be of good sub
stantial kind. In the attic single
floor will be laid. The bathroom mn
lures will be OF good make
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31
Elm fnr Riovola rtraa.

The so-called Blue Rock elm of Wis.
consin is largely used for bicycle rims.
A bicycle factory at Plymouth, Ind, Is
said to have out a contract for 100000
feet of this wood. The wood combines
lightness and fiexibility with strength.
This particular elm is undoubtedly a
variety Of the American or white elm.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31
FOR USE IN WINTER.

A Novelty in Mits That VIII Be Welcomed
by Wheelmen.
An invention has recently been made
that will prove boon to wheelmen.
1t Is bicycle NIT, which, If it does not
entirely supplant the ordinary glove,
will at least be such an addition as will
make winter cycling of but little dis
comfort. The NIT is made in some
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31
~ QCSX gulS1 sf 20
aR( Gil Il !! & URE.
d.. 9Gs1g:@-
ART IN ARCHITECTURE.
Description Of a Model Thre @ Thou.
sand Dollar House.
It Presents Many New Features in the
Arrangement of Rooms = Full of
Cory hooks and Inviting
Corners.
ART IN ARCHITECTURE.
Written for This Paper.

L
This beautiful country residence con-
tains nine rooms and will cost $4,000.
The size of the parlor is 15x22 feet;
libarry. 15X15 feet dining-room, 15x17
feet; kitchen, 13X17 feet; hall, 10X24
feet; chambers, 16X19: 15X15; 15X17;
13x18, and 1OX15 feet.
The parlor and chamber above finish
into a tower, making pleasing fea
ture. The parlor contains a fireplace
and an arch between il and TIA
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

Timber is best hardened and pre-
served by withdrawing it's fluid constit-
uents, hardening it's albumen, and fill
ing the cells as far as possible with
antiseptic preparations.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31
MEASURING ASTEROIDS.

Close Work Performed by Prof. Barnars;
with the Lick Telescope.
Prof e. e. Barnard has recently pub
lished in Popular Astronomy the result
of his experiments with the Lick tele.
scope in measuring the four asteroids
Ceres, Pallas, Juno and Vesta. These
asteroids were the first discovered be
tween the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
and for many years after 1907 were sup.
posed to be the only bodies of the kind
In 1S45 new discoveries were mad,
by Hencl<e, and from that time the
number mounted to 287 in 1889. At
tempts have been made to estimate the
dismeters of the four principal aste-
roids by the measure of light reflected.
AS it was necessary to take one of the
planets for comparison. no accurate
conclusion could be reached because
of probable differences in rejecting
power. 1t is well known that some por-
tions of the moon reflect less than 9th
crs, and that measure of the light
from given surface on the gray seas
would give an inadequate idea of the
total reflection of light from our satel-
lite.
Having access to the only telescope
in the world that can give to the larger
asteroids an appreciable disk, Prof.
barnard began the difficult work.
After careful measurement he found
the diameters to be as follows:
Ceres ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. .4S5 miles
PaliaS ..............s..'....... .50a mics
3 Veafa ...................924$$ miles
These measures disproved the est
mates that had been made by measure
ment of light, as Vesta, being the
brightest, had been considered the
largest. Ceres, the first discovered, il,
the largest of the four. The Italian as
tronomer, Piazzi, of Palermo, found
Ceres January 1, 1901.
Perhaps measurement of some of the
smaller asteroids can be made with the
new Yerkes telescope when it is ready
for work This instrument will have
clear diameter of 40 inches, and IL
light-collecting power will surpass the
Lick telescope as 1,600 is to 1895; that
is, as the squares of the diameter arc
TO each other.
Utilizing Heat I'm Boilers.
The idea of having the gases leave
boiler at h1gh temperature, In order
that it may be more effectively used
by heating the feed water in an econ
omizer, is reported by Schmidt, Ger
man engineer to have been success
fully applied by him in producing a
very economical engine by extraordi-
nary heating. The gases are repre-
scented as leaving the boiler at temper
ature sufficiently high to permit OF
superheating the steam to over $50 de-
grees. 1t is thought by experts, how
ever, that though by this action the
/ economy of the boiler must be reduced,
the question presents itself whether IL
is not preferable to permit of less econ
omy in the boiler, in order that the en-
CINE may be more economical-a point.
of course, of special practical moment
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

The front mantels will be of oak, one
nuartered-sawed and of neat design.
This house will look well painted q
pea-Creen, with white trimmings, the
roof to be the same color as the brick
used for tie chimney, leaving the
cement cap on top of chimneys the
eement color. GEORGE A. w. KrNTz.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

The attention of parents and teachers is call
ed to the law which requires that all Children
snail have been duly vaccinated before being
received In any school.
The provisions of the Act include all schools
whether public or private, and although It is
believed that 1t has been rather better oh
served in this county than in many others of
the state, yet in the considerable nronortion
OF instances 1t has been disregarded or evaded.
:. Although there does not exist at the present
ume a single known case of smallpox within
the limits OF the State, yet 1t has prevailed in
the United states in far greater humber of
Iocailties than Is usual at this season of the
ance in this county. ot'A
me law has made fair provision for the conn
pensatlon to physicians for vaccinating those
whose means render 1t difficult to nav the
usual Zee for such services and pure a nd relia-
PIE vaccine mattee can be gratuitously procured
rom DR.. Yeackle, State Vaccine Agent. al Bal.
Under these circumstances II is honef, and
Deneved that the law will be more yirorousIv
observed without necessitatinp the enforccs
ment OF the penalty attached to its disregard
VIM. II. BALTZELL, M. d..
sep.1-u County Health Oficer
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

what the form of cornucopla, the
small end of which is placed upon the
handle bar of the bicycle just above the
handle itself and is made fast In the
proper position by collar, as shown
in the accompanying illustration.
The above gives most excellent Idea
of this new addition to the lists of con-
trivances for the comfort of wheeln.en
and has proved most satisfactory ir
the trials given it SO far.
The Spider Tree of Africa.
DIR, Welwitsch, who has recently ex-
plored the country about Cape Negro
n Africa, tells of curious plant called
the spider tree. IT grows on windy
plains, it's stems attaining diane
ter of four feet, although 1t does not
exceed one foot in height. It puts out
two leaves, each six or eight feet in
length, and these arc split by the Whit
ing of the wind into number of stiff
narrow ribbons, bearing no little re-
semblance to the legs of gigantic
spider. This resemblance becomes
startling when a strong breeze putA
the leg-lilxe leaves into rapid motion,
and the negroes shiveringly exclaixn
that the great spider is struggling to
get loose.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

HORSEY WHIsKEY.-puras,o ana n.
1.-the standard for Is years. "''u De1'
ALLEN ROHRBACK.
Sole Agent
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31
MISCELLANEOUS.

PEDIGREF
Or THE
Standard Bred
TrOttin0 Stallion
GASPARD. No. 1858,
Bay horse without white IS hands b,.,
weight, ,l5O lbs; foaled 1888; bred by W781
Hill, Worcester, Mass; owned by C6l 7 4
Baughman, Frederick. Md ~
Sired by SEA KING, Il775.
(sire of Louis Victor, 2:2854, and Cecil n ~
2:28153
GASPARD'S DAM
GOLD PEN dam OF Felina. 22glN s.
MAMBRINO ABDALLAH. Il1f.S$
OF the dams OF Mary Marshall IN.
Z:O924i " era JaDel % Z;lOl5, Pal Down
ing, 2:l3 and 10 others i'm 2.g.
GASPARD'S I'd dam, by HAROLD. al, l.l,aa,
Maud -. 2:OS14, ana t. others ill., y.g mi
grandsire of Robert POI III. H. -,'J ,o Gll
2O754 and lS5 others On 2.30-J
GASPARD'S Sd dam, EMILY CHESTER h.
,'ii 81 ,a 'ieI-fC - FN y sire Of
d 60 ~ ~ i"ii5lls from -V>z ~ 230
49, 1r ~ W. v-jt '"Iil7 l tI3 H $50 ine.ud.
5azsi lIt,, " ~, -'tE4 crawford .p,
I;0'13 10 3.i3i IL l@5ehth .pI, 5..3, .Oa.
iI'iii0' -'l-/2' "'t Iiey Medium, &l0a
NPJ
SEA KING ll775 sired 1E Lord Russell t.rafra,
TO Maud > -0> &, ANA sir. Of i, tg g-s5
including Kremin, 207A, -''
SEA KINGS dam. Fairy Re1a .g.r,. IT. >.--,,
phia, 2:26[, auI Fairy l4lft l.,5. ~
MONT sire of "a fu 3..H .r.+l, (. ~ ~.
wood 2.Iss< ne g-..+.- .s7 ~ u
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-01-31

West Patrick street, two Doors east OF tn
Bridge.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1896-03-28
GRAND LODGE OF THE A. o. U. w
Meeting of Great Importance to the
Members of the Order.

st. Paul, March 24.-Nearly 500 dele
gates were present today at the opening
in the hall Of the house of representa-
tives at the state capital of the annual
session of the grand lodge of the An
cient Order of United Workmen. The
meeting is of importance to the hun
dreds of thousands OF members of this
powerful order scattered through the
country. from the fact that action will
be taken on the proposition to change
the plan of assessment from level
rate to a graded method. Expressions
of opinion by the delegates this morn
ing indicate that the proposal will be
unanimously rejected. Another pro-
posal to be acted upon is that which
authorizes the issue of beneficiary GER
tificates Of as low figure as $1,000, pay
able at the death Of a member. This
scheme is favored on the ground that
it will largely increase the membership
of the order.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1896-03-28
SPANISH KILLED EACH OTHER
Court Martial to Investigate a stupid
Mistake in Cuba.

Havana, March 1.-TWO columns Of
Spanish troops, commanded by Gener-
al GodOy and Colonel Holguin, at Santa
Rosa plantation, near Esperanza, prov
ince Of Santa Clara, mutually mistook
each other for insurgent forces, owing,
it is said, to the thickness of the sugar
cane. Each detachment opened fire,
and for ten minutes shots We're eX-
changed, resulting in killing seventeen
soldiers, among them being Lieutenant
Colonel Fuenmayer of the Navas batal-
lion. In addition five officers and "a
soldiers We're wounded. Two of the la
ter since have died, and six others are
MORALLY wounded. Thirty-two were
seriously injured. Lieutenant Colonel
Fuenmayer died while leading his
troops on, shouting Long live Spain"
Owing to the fact that a meeting be-
tween the two columns took place at
midday the explanation furnished by
the Spanish commanders is considered
unsatisfactory, and a courtmartial will
follow.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1896-03-28
FOR AN EIGHT-H0UR DAY
FEDERATION OF LABOR ADVISORS
TRYING TO OBTAIN 1T.
VIII strike for the Desired object
Any Time the Great Body
Says the Word.

Indianapolis, March 23.-The eXecu-
tive committee of the National Fedora
ton of Labor began it's conference in
this city today. The conference lasted
until a late hour this evening, and was
devoted chiefly to a decision as to the
best means to bring about an eight-hour
day.
1t was the sentiment that concerted
effort should be made, and in order to
devise ways and means the matter was
referred to a subcommittee composed
Of Messrs. Mcguire, Lennon and o.
Connell.
There are three national organiza-
tions-the carpenters, the iron workers
and horse shoers-who have volunteered
to do anything that the council may
order to bring about the desired result
1t was given out by Secretary McGrath
that the carpenters union will probab-
| ly be selected to make the test, and
when questioned. he said it was not
only possible. but probable, that the
council will order a strike of this union
throughout the country in order 10
bring about the desired result. The
secretary's report submitted today
shows a marked increase in the feder-
atoms finances and membership, two
charters having been issued so far this
year to one during the same time last
/ wear
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1896-03-28
TRIAL OF MRS. MARY DAVIDSON
Motion for n Continuance Denied
Witnesses Absent.

San Francisco, March 23.-The trial
Of Mrs Mary Davidson, charged with
having extorted $500 from Rev. c. o.
Brown, was begun in the superior court
today. The attorney for the defense
moved for a habeas corpus, on the
ground that Miss Matte Overman and
Mrs. Tunnel, necessary witnesses to
the defense, were absent, one in Mexi-
co and the other near the Mexican bor-
der. Counsel said he intended to prove
by these witnesses that a conspiracy
was formed between Brown, Matte
Overman and Mrs. Tunnel to falsely
accuse and convict Mrs. Davidson Of
blackmail He added that the absent
witnesses were being supplied with
money by Brown to absent themselves
from the city. All these statements were
supported by affidavits of Mrs. David
son and afterwards filed.
The court denied the motion for a con-
tinuance, stating that the absent wit
nesses were beyond his jurisdiction and
would not probably come within his
jurisdiction. The defendant excepted
to the decision, and the rest of the day
was occupied with the attempt to secure
a jury.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1896-03-28
AGAINST THE REFUNDING BILL.
House Committee Told of Califor-
MAS Wishes.

Washington, March 24-The house
committee on Pacific railways today
gave a hearing to General Barham of
California in reply to Mr.. Stubs, gen
eral traffic manager of the Central Pa
cific. General Barham read newspa-
per extracts bearing on the subject,
which he said showed that the people
of California were not unanimous up
on the question of refunding. He quot
ed the opinion of the attorney general
to the effect that the statute limita-
tons ran against the government as
against other creditors. This, he said,
was not the issue. The United States
was not barred and he cited the SUI
preme court decisions on the question.
The government, he claimed, could en-
force the original liability on stock
holders without proceeding through
the company. In conclusion he eX-
pressed the belief that the question
should be settled by the courts and not
by congress.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1896-03-28
THE DRAYToN DIVORCE SUIT
Decree Granted the Wife on Grounds
of DISCRETION.

Trenton, N. j., March 23.-Chancellor
McGill filed a decree today granting abb
solute divorce to Mrs. Charlotte Cole-
man Drayton from j. Coleman Dtay-
ton, on the grounds Of desertion. Mrs.
Drayton is daughter of the late VIII
liam Aston. The decree says:
1T is impossible to escape the con-
viction that defendants suspicious OF
his wife's infidelity were not destitute of
foundation, in questionable circum-
stances at least, but l fail to find any
judicial precedent which holds that, UNI
der a statute similar to that of this
state, husband may with impunity be
guilty of desertion of his wife, merely
because he believes her, even under
gravely suspicious circumstances, TO
have been guilty of adultery.
"Desertion," the chancellor holds, "is
justified only when shown by clear and
satisfactory proof that the deserving
party has been so offended against az
to authorize at his instance a decree for
divorce or judicial separation. If de-
PENDANT would rely upon his charge of
adultery as a defense against her
charge of desertion, he must prove it.
There is no evidence that it was the i'm
! tention of the defendant at the time he
ltll llle DtllllOIGI 10 institute u suit TOT
divorce on the grounds of adultery. He
did, in fact commence such a suit in
June, 1894, a time so remote from the
commencement of the separation that
more than the period prescribed by
law in which desertion must continue
to constitute a cause for divorce had
interviewed, and thereby a cause for di-
vOrce had become available to her; and
even after the lapse of that time his
suit was not prosecuted with diligence.
The mere institution of a suit for d-
vOrce on the grounds of adultery will
not avail as a defense to a suit for di-
Vorce on the grounds of desertion. Adult
terry must be proven. 1t was the hus-
bands duty to act eXpeditiously so his
wife should not remain longer than
necessity required, if guilty, unconvict-
ed, and, if innocent, under the shadow
of such a scandalous and disgracefuI
! charge"
The chancellor finds that there was
no collision to secure divorce. In the
decree reference to testimony is made,
but the chancellor does not mention
Hallet Alsop BarTows by name. "One
b." a neighbor, however, is mentioned
as having been named as correspondent
in suit brought by DraytOn against
his wife Barrows was correspondent
in that suit
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1896-03-28
FIRE COST A MILLION DOLLARS
Four Acres of Buildings Burned ut
Nntronin, Pa.

Pittsburg, March PA disastrous
fire tonight in the smelling department
of the copper works of the Pennsylvania
Salt Manufacturing Company at Ma
tronia caused a loss estimated at ST.
900, 900.
The buildings destroyed covered near
ly four acres of ground. The output of
the plant was about 100000 ounces of
silver and 100000 pounds of copper
a month.
The fire started by the blowing out
of the furnace, the hot maligning COM
ing from the mouth. The flames spread
and the buildings were mass of flames.
All of the costly machines and mechan-
ical appliances were destroyed. Sixteen
furnaces and so tanks are ruined. The
buildings are Quilted and will have to
be rebuilt.
The insurance could not be learned
tonight, but it is believed 1t will cover
the loss.