davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
OUR OPPOSITION PRESS.

On Friday evening one of our
contemporaries displayed unfortunate
judgment in giving extra publicity to
one of the seditious TRADES that appear
from time to time in the Opposition
press. So far as the editorial remarks
of our esteemed contemporary are con-
cerned, the position of the Opposition
press is not misstated, although what
good effect might be gained by mailing
the lies to 'the wall is largely offset by
the extraordinary and unnecessary
publicity given the seditious article re-
ferred to, and the severe case of swell
ed head exhibited by our esteemed con-
temporary's self-praise. Such self-puf-
fing up the public has learned to take
from whence it comes. And the same
may be said of the remarks of the OPP
position press, for that matter. So far
as the mail editorials" are concerned,
the two papers in the controversy each
has about the same foreign circula-
ton, and we doubt if either could raise
sufficient wind to stop or help on its
way bond issue or any other political
measure.
With the Opposition press, nothing
suits them better than little extra at
tention and publicity They know they
have neither political decency or po-
litical justice on their side. They are
malcontents who endeavor to ATTRACT
attention by besmirching our public
men and public measures with all the
mud of political virulence they can
scrape up. They have no personal
standing, they represent nothing, and
! the least spark of loyalty to the best in
terests of the country in which they
live is not to be found within the four
pages which they cover with printers
4 ink 1t may be suggested that people
read what they have to say. True; Sc
| do people read what the Police Gazette
has to say. So do people read what the
| organs of socialists, anarchists and
other evil minded politicians have to
say. 1.-The people" will read all sorts
of rotten verbiage, but the men OF
sound sense look beyond the super
fetal nonsense of the calamity bowler
The editorial utterances of the Oppo-
sition press, to which our esteemed
contemporary refers, are made up of g
tissue of lies-open, bare-faced lies
soaked in the dregs of personal hatred
and disloyalty to the principles of hon.
est and careful government In private
affairs there is nothing too low fol
! them to abstain from dipping a sug
gestive pen; in politics there is nothins
which they will not set forth witt
gross deceit and dishonest coloring. AZ
/ political vultures they sit in the gloon
of their own narrow vision, ready t.
prey upon anything that has the ap
pearanee of purity and honesty.
Why, then, should their language
tainted with sedition, be given adver
/ tisement and attention outside tn,
police court. whose proper charge TIL
! authors are?
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
GUARDIANS SALE OF REAL
ESTATE.

BY virtue of an order of sale made
by Hon. A. W. Carter, First Judge of
the Circuit Court of the First Circuit,
on the 22d day of July, 1896, will sell
at public auction at the premises on
the east corner of Dominis and Kewalo
streets, Honolulu, Oahu, on the 18th
day of August, 1896, at II o'clock noon,
all that parcel of land described in Pat
ent Grant No. 1888 to Jennie Ashford,
trustee, being Lot No. 563 containing
$4,000 So. it. and situated at the East
corner of Dominis and Kewalo streets,
Honolulu aforesaid
Terms cash.
Deed at purchasers expense and sale
subject to confirmation by the Court.
JENNIE ASHFORD.
Guardian of the property of Stanley,
Huron and Marguerite Ashford.
17S0-5t
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
DEPARTURES.

Friday, July "a.
o. & o. S. S. Belgic, Kinder, for Sar
Francisco.
c. a. S. S. Warrimoo, Hepworth, fol-
Victoria and Vancouver.
Stmr w. G. Hall, Simerson, fol
Maui and Hawaii
Stmr James Makee, Peterson, for
Kauai ports.
Sunday, July %.
Am. brig w. G. Irwin, Williams, for
San Francisco.
Monday, July 27.
Am blk Highland Light, Hughes, for
Royal Roads.
stmr Kaala. Thompson, for Oahu
ports.
Stmr Kaena, Parker, for Waimanalo
and other Oahu ports
Stmr James Makee, Peterson, for
Kauai ports.
Stmr Kilauea Hou, Everett, for Ha-
wall ports.
Stmr Mokolii, Hilo, for Lahaina, Mo
lokai and Lanai.
Stmr Ke Au Hou, Thompson, for
Kauai ports.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
OPPOSITION AND ANARCHY.

The statement of facts made by this
paper regarding the position of OPP
position press brought down the usual
TRADE that follows statements throw
ing an honest light upon the camp of
those wandering about in the gloom of
ignorance None are so blind as those
who refuse to open their eyes. We
designate the mail editorials of the
Opposition press as seditious TRADES
and no argument has yet been pre-
scented to prove that our interpreta-
ton is a faulty one. Such matter is
being daily placed before the people
here and we believe it to be the duty of
the Government to see that the publ
cation of such matter be stopped. If
the articles published by the OPPOSE
ton gave evidence of the least scintilla
of honest criticism we would say let
them continue by all means. If it
could be shown that the Opposition
press had the best interests of the
country and its people at heart, that
would be an entirely different matter.
Perish the thought that any principle
to which they have given expression
should be classed with word or ac-
ton of John Brown. Better compared
their TRADES with the utterances of
the followers of the red flag of anarchy
at Chicago. They are in the same
category. Chicago learned its lesson
and put stop to such socialism Ha-
vii has been taught one lesson within
very recent years but it still allows
the seeds of dissension to be spread
abroad. Possibly this is due to mis-
taken idea regarding the freedom of
the press" By winking at this form of
that is taken as a license, our
country is nursing a reptile that seeks
only to strike death to the principles
OF freedom and. justice.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28

Our evening contemporary objects to
the mail editorials" of the Opposition
being styled seditious. Having given
publicity to one of those editorials its
objections are natural enough. We are
free TO admit that we believe the Gov
eminent has in some instances dis
played too much leniency toward the
Opposition press, and we know of no
reason why our statement to this effect
should be construed as throwing dis
credit upon the administration. We
believe in freedom of the press but
when this freedom is construed after
the manner of the Irishman who, after
he landed in New York knocked a man
down and objected to being arrested
because the United States is a free
country, we consider that the question
of what freedom of the press means
is open to discussion. The freedom
taken daily by the Opposition is on
par with the New York Irishman's
action and should be treated accord
ingly.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28

Again our people have been given a
practical example of what value prac-
teal scientific men may be to the in
dustrial interests of the country. The
interest on the money saved by Prof
Koebele's work would pay his salary
many times over, and yet some of our
good legislators were inclined to ques-
ton the ACCESSIBILITY of increasing the
Government pay roll 10 the extent of
paying half his yearly stipend Peo-
pie generally are beginning to recog-
nize more fully the work being done
by Prof. Koebele,' but they do not yet
appreciate how much more valuable
and practical information could be OBJ
tanned by giving more money for scien-
tific work and providing for expert
ments in the field to be carried on by
a good sized corps of scientific men.
The Government ought to follow the
example of the planters, but unfortu-
nately the Government cannot act until
the people and their representatives
become convinced that money paid out
for agricultural experiments is money
probably expended. We trust then
that while our people appreciate the
work done by Prof. Keobele, they will
also consider how much more might
be accomplished by more liberal appro-
priations for the bureau of agriculture
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
NOTICE.

l have made over all the stock and
merchandise in the business carried on
by the late j. T. Waterhouse, and also
the good will and all outstanding ac-
counts thereof, to my sons, F. T. p,
e. c., John and G.. s. Warehouse, who
henceforth carry on said business and
assume all liabilities from this date.
July LIST, 1896.
ELIZABETH BOURNE WATER
HOUSE, Sole Legatee under the will Of
John T. Warehouse.
4343 1773-1m
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
NOTICE OF Co-PARTNERsHIP.

The undersigned, each residing in Ho-
nolulu, in the Island of Oahu, of the
Republic of Hawaii, have formed Co
partnership with each other in the busi-
ness Of buying and selling general mer-
chandise and as commission merchants
in said Honolulu, under the firm name
or style Of ]. T. Waterhouse, being the
business heretofore carried on by ]. T.
Waterhouse, first, and his successor,
]. T. Warehouse. second.
Dated Honolulu. July 1, 1896.
Frederick T. P. Waterhouse,
Ernest Coniston Warehouse,
John Warehouse,
George S. Waterhouse.
4343 1773-1m
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
IMPORTS.

From the Colonies, per U. s. S. Mono
wal, July 23-66 cs whisky, bales car
pets, 10 cs wines, cs cottons, 2 cs por-
celain, cs medicine, cs iron ware, 10
cs beer, cs umbrellas, and As pkgs gen
eral merchandise consigned to Kong
Wing Wit, c. Macfarlane, Macfarlane &
Co., e. Hoffschlaeger & Co., Benson,
Smith & Co. and P. G.. Camarinos.
From San Francisco, per brig w. G..
Irwin, July 2O-Cargo general mer-
chandise consigned to w. c. Peacock
& Co., Macfarlane & Co., Robert Cat
ton, VIM. G. Irwin & Co., e. o. Hall &
Son, Hollister Drug Co., California
Wine Co., Ordway & Porter, RIA. Wads-
worth, U. S. S. Adams, Hyman Bros,
]. Hopp & Co., Wilder & Co., NJ. S. Grin
baum & Co., w. H. Rice, M. Phillips &
Co., W. S. Luce, F. F. Porter and Paci-
fic Hardware Co.
From the Colonies per C. A. S. S.
Warrimoo, July 24-Cargo of general
merchandise consigned to w. H. Cross
man Bros, Honolulu Iron Works, Robt.
Cation, L. B. Kerr, c. Brewer & Co.,
Theo. H. Davies & Co., Camarinos,
Pearl City Fruit Co., A. Fernandes,
Lovejoy & Co., C. ]. Mccarthy, L. H.
Dee, Lewis & Co., Washington Feed
Co., M. w. McChesney & Son, T. B.
Sayres, D. Stoggett, H Frohlich and
c. Spreckels.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
WORKED HIS WAY.
Frank Wilburton Has to Bail Wa.
ter From Canoe.

lain Nfhbul lOll 1lCtS W Dali w d
ter From Canoe.
When Frank Wilburton of Finney's
Directory arrives in Honolulu he will
probably have asked him great many
questions regarding his trip from Kali
lua to Napoopoo in canoe, for this
event marks a climax in his life, a
climax marked by the fact that he has
sworn never again to ride in canoe.
On Friday night Wilburton was at
Kailua when he heard that the steamer
Waialeale was at Napoopoo and would
be ready to start for Mahukona on
Saturday morning. Knowing the def
milton of the word hustle" he resolv-
ed to furnish an illustration of it and
Immediately bargained with some ma
tives to carry him to Napoopoo. He
sandwiched himself in between the
paddlers and made preparations for a
good snooze. Soon the water began to
play queer pranks and Wilburton
swore for once in his life-that he
would certainly prefer mosquitoes.
The closer the canoe came to Ma
poopoo so much the swifter poured the
water into the canoe. The natives had
all they wanted to do with the paddles,
so Wilburton had to turn to with the
half cocoanut shell and bail the water
out.
At 2 o'clock Saturday morning
tired set of natives and Frank Wilbur
ton might have been seen scrambling
up the side of the Waialeale. All were
given a good square meal and then the
natives left for home after charging
Wilburtoh the full fare besides having
had the satisfaction of seeing him work
his way.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
SEALED TENDERS

Will be received at the Office of the
Minister of the Interior till Thursday
August 18th. 1896. at II o'clock noon,
for the construction of road along
the beach at Kailua, North Kona, Ha-
wall
Plans and Specifications can be seen
at the Office of the Superintendent of
Public Works, also at the Office of VIM.
G. Wait. Chairman of the North Kona
Road Board.
The Minister does not bind himself
to accept the lowest or any bid
j. A. KING,
Minister of the Interior.
Interior Office, July 23rd, 1896.
1779-3t
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
EXPORTS.

For New York, per ship Tillie E..
Starbuck, July 20-51 1868 bags sugar
weighing 6,374,213 lbs, valued at $685.
10000 and shipped by VIM. G. Irwin &
Co. to American Sugar Refinery Co.
For Vancouver and Victoria, per C.
A. S. S. Warrimoo, July 24-1040 buchs
and IA crts bananas and 1T crts pine
apples, shipped by D. w. Mclean, Sing
Lee Co., Theo. H. Davies & Co., G. An
drews, e. w. Jordan, together with
other sundry packages; value of cargo,
s1,366.5S.
For San Francisco, per O. S. S. Mono
wal, July $3.50 buchs bananas ship
ped by Campbell & Co., Washington
Feed Co., Sing Lee Co.; 81 crates pines
shipped by P. G. Camarinos and other
sundry effects; cargo valued at s571. 80.
For San Francisco, per o. S. S. Aus
tralia, July 21-13, 709 bags sugar, rs
bags coffee, 5,471 punches bananas, 215
crts pineapples, l SIX plants, 62 bxs
fruits, 3 bXs betel leaves, 600 bags rice,
GIL bdls mdse, s bdls' goat skins, &c
bdls kips, 8 bdls sheep skins, 80 bags
horns, valued at $50 ,62O5O and foreign
produce valued at S632.0O Shippers.
W. G. Irwin & Co., NJ S. Grinbaum &
Co., E. o. Hall & Son, M. McInerney.
Theo. H. Davies & Co., Chas. Wilcox,
Sing Lee & Co., ]. A. Hopper, G. l..
Marshall, Washington Feed Co., Y.
Lum Sing Co., Campbell G. Co., Pearl
City Fruit Co., John Kidwell, d. Nc
Lean. M. w. MeChesney & Sons, Wing
Tai Lung, Geo. Andrew, Qoung Wal
10y, Kay Kee, Sing Kee, Wing Wo
Tai Co., Jas. Dodd, Macfarlane & Co.,
Lovejoy Estate, Cal Wine Co., LYMAN
Bros, Quong Wa On. F. F. Porter and
Gilbert J. Waller.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
PASSENGERS.
Arrivals.

From Maui and Hawaii ports, per
stmr Kinau, July PA. L. Dumas, Ad-
jutant Simonson, wife and 2 children,
Hiss Pauline Rose, Father Maxine On
DIRE, Father Oloys Lortean, Fl. S. Town
send, wife and 2 children and servant
R. L. Scott, A. R. Cameron, DIR. Aver
dam, Mrs. j. A. Kennedy, Miss NJ. l.
Lyman, Mrs. L. Toussant, New You, NJ
Chimerra, Miss a. Akina, Miss D. At
kins. DR.. G. T. Smith. w. A. Wall, Ed
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
ADMINISTRATORS SALE OF REAL
ESTATE.

By virtue of a decree issued by Cir
cult Judge s. l.. Austin, of the Fourth
Judicial Circuit, l will sell at public
auction, at Honokaa, Hamakua, Ha-
wall, on Saturday, August 18th, 1896,
at IL o'clock noon, all the right, title
and interest of A. w. Haalilio, deceased,
in and to the following lands, viz:
1. One-half undivided interest in l..
c. A. 1884, situated in Kapoaula, Ha-
makua, containing IA acres.
2. The remaining interest in R. P.
1862 and 1888, situated at Alakahi and
Kahalii, Hilo, Hawaii
For particulars inquire of the under
signed.
Terms, cash.
Conveyances at purchasers expense.
Sale subject to approval of the Circuit
Court.
CHARLES WILLIAMS,
Administrator Estate of A. w. Haalilio.
177ST- Sta
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
SEALED TENDERS


Will be received at the Office of the
Minister of the Interior till Il o'clock
noon of Thursday, July Both, 1896, for
the construction of road from Ma
kena to Kula.
Plans and specifications can be seen
at the Office of the Superintendent of
Public Works, also at the Office of the
Sheriff in Maui.
The Minister does not bind himself
to accept the lowest or any bid.
]. A. KING,
Minister of the Interior.
Interior Office, July Z, 1896.
The date of receiving tenders for the
above work has been extended to IL
o'clock noon of Monday, Aug. 8, 1896.
]. A. KING,
Minister of the Interior
Interior Office, July 20, 1896.
435S-3t 177S-3t
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28

Attorney General Smiths ideas on
introducing cremation in this country
are most excellent in theory Before
they can be put into practice however,
it will be necessary to change the ma
ture of many of our people, particularly
the native population. 1t requires n
vast amount OF modern enlightenment
TO lead a people to do away with old
time customs of dealing with their
dead.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
SEALED TENDERS

Will be received at the Office of the
Minister of the Interior till - O'Clock
noon of Saturday, August 18th, 1896,
for the construction of a three room
school house at Papaikou, Hilo, Ha-
wall.
Plans and Specifications may be seen
at the Office of Messrs. Ripley and
Dickey, Architects, Honolulu, and at
the Office of Mr., L. Severance, School
Agent, Hilo
The Minister does not bind himself
to accept the lowest OF any bid.
J. A KING,
Minister of the Interior
Interior Office, July 23rd, 1896.
1779-3t
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28

We desire TO congratulate the man
agement of the Hawaiian Tramways
Co. upon the good judgment displayed
in returning to the old schedule on
the Nuuanu and Beretania street lines
and also upon their acceptance of the
five cent fare idea 1t would have been
unfortunate indeed for the company
to have continued paying 500 fines.
Now the next step which we wish to
suggest is a system of transfers to the
King street line. The transfers will
not cost much and may possibly save
more lawyers expenses. We really
have the best interests of the Tram
ways Company at heart and trust that
the desire to comply with the law will
continue to find fertile ground in the
hearts of those directing the daily
routine of our palatial street cars.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
MARRIED.

NOLDS-McGUIRE-At Kalia, Sat
urday evening, July 25th, 1896, by
Rev. H. H. Parker, Margaret B. Nc.
CURE to John ]. Reynolds, both of
this city.
LLS-HAGLUND = On Sunday,
July rs, by the Rev. H. H. Parker,
at the residence of John Mott, Lille
Greig Nichols to Captain John F.
Haglund. No cards.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1896-07-28
BY AUTHORITY.

P. McLANE has this day been ap-
pointed Chairman of the Road Board
for the Taxation District of Hama, ISL
and of Maui, vice W. Won Gravemeyer.
resigned.
]. A. KING.
Minister of the Interior.
Interior Office, July 23rd, 1896.
1779-3t
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-07-15

While They Last.

100 dozen ladies' fast black hose,
the Sc kind for Sc a pair, Sc.
Misses tan ribbed hose. good ones,
the Csc kind. sizes 5, 81, 6 and 81 !,
ut l2c pair.
Sizes z, q. s, 81 and 9 at 15c.
Several other special hosiery items
which we shall display conspicuously
during the week. These bargains
are worth looking for.
Knit Summer Underwear.
SPECIAL: Ladies' Sc Vests for &c.
Our 15c leader, brown Isle ribbed
vests. special for this week, 1Oc.
40 dozen vests in bieached and
brown, 14c eachi cheap at csc in
other stores.
Ladies' especially nice square neck
Isle vests, silk tapped and embroid-
cry around neck and arms, a great
leader. at 22c, 22c.
A mixed lot of vests, were $50, 42c,
44c and soc, lots of them, but not
every size in each style, this week
we close them all at 25c.
One case summer dress challies,
light and dark colors, 1000 yards,
this week they go at 4Ic q yard, Tin
wash goods department.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-07-15
BETWEEN 6 AND 81 YEARS.
Finance.


The finance committees report
showed that during the past year
orders were issued for amour is
reaching total Of $74,S74.44. The
treasurer's report, of which the
committee gave an abstract, showed
disbursements during the year of
$50, 077.19, and balance on hand of
S15. $500. The disbursements in
cluded time orders. 81, CPS; interest on
same, Si57.50; bonds paid, $4,000;
coupons, 81 500; current orders, &c.,
72i.55. From the balance. however,
should be deducted current orders
amounting to $4S6.62, which have
not yet been presented for payment.
The committee further reported that
bond for $1,000 matured July IS.
and that $25, 600 will mature Nov. l.,
1896, and $4,000 Dec. 10, 1896.
The following bills were allowed
and after the tilt over the finance
committees report the board ad-
journed, DR.. Kinyon and Mr.. Sinnet
having embraced and made up.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-07-15
River Ripiets.

The Verne Swain was in and out.
The Abner Gle and Irene ID came
down with six strings of logs each.
Boats up were the Weyerhauser.
Irene ID. 10 Long. City Of Winona
and Brook man.
The stage of water at the Rock Isl.
and bridge this morning was y
and falling; the temperature 50.
A rise OF Oh is reported at Reeds
Landing. while the river is station
airy at Keokuk, but falling at all
other points between St. Paul and
st. Louis. The forecast is that dur.
ing the next "a hours the water will
remain about stationary from Reeds
Landing to La Crosse, and fail OIL TO
o. foot at other stations from St.
Paul to Rock Island.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-07-15
liant than to draw The strict line Of
parliamentary usage.

liant than to draw The strict line OF
parliamentary usage.
Mr. Robbins having been elected
president took the chair. and in do
ing SO he spoke of the unfortunate
state of affairs during the past year.
and expressed the hope that in the
coming year more of spirit OF har-
mony would prevail. For himself
he had done his duty as he saw it in
the past for the best interests OF the
schools and just as he would do it
again If the same conditions con-
fronted him.
The vote for secretary was then
taken and resulted in the reelection
of Mr.. Marshall. the ballot showing:
Marshall, 5; Mrs. Hamilton, /; Mrs.
Norris, 1.
Superintendent Resignation A ecepted.
President Robbins then called up
the resignation of Supt. James f.
Ament. referred by the old board to
the new, and Secretary Marshall read
it and moved it's acceptance. The
motion prevailed unanimously.
President Robbins read his com
mittees for the year US follows:
Finance and Auditing-Donaldson
and Mrs. Hamilton.
Teachers, Text books and Disci-
pline-Marshall and Donaldson.
Supplies-Marshall and Mrs. Nor.
ris.
Insurance, Fuel, Heat, Janitor:
and Neutrality-suspicious. madison and Mrs
Hamilton.
Buildings, Construction, Repairs
etc.-Robbins and Mrs. Norris.
A numerously signed petition wa!
received apd ordered placed on file
urging the reappointment of Priuci.
pal W. N. Halsey. of the High school
and the board adjourned until to
night to consider the applications fol
the SUPPLEMENTARY Of which there
are no less than 100.
| After the board had adjourned
Mrs. Hamilton sarcastically eX
pressed her thanks to President Rob
bins for his confidence in the lad,
members, and Mrs. Norris "sec
onded the motion"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1896-07-15
IT'S COMING SLOWLY TO.
The Morning Paper Discusses n Notable
Event In Its Own History.

Event in Its Own History.
In the entire category of events
that have been written on the sands
of time in Rock Island by the foot
prints OF the Union, there has been
nothing that has so stood out and
apart from all else as the incident
which attended the campaign of
1884. in which the morning paper
became the grateful and most grace
full recipient of load of sand. So
distinctly conspicuous in its apt
ness to the occasion and to the sub.
]ect was the most generous tribute
from admiring party friends that
since that eventful day no one has
yet thought of the Union without
associating with il the event.
Twelve years have elapsed. and to-
day for the first time it gives its first
version of that notable exploit. Still
the belated reference is not so re-
markable-for the Union-but it is
worthy of the word of comment here
made. nevertheless, as the depart
ure from customary tactics comes as
the inevitable result of putting it's
foot in it by presuming to reg
ulate somebody else's business.
The Union started out to be
funny with THE ARGUS, and as a
never failing consequence it wound
up by being very much on the de-
fensive the day after. The morning
paper has never yet learned the al.
vantage of managing it's own affairs.
While its editor is out attempting to
run somebody else his own institu.
ton is the laughing stock Of the COM
munity.
Inasmuch, nevertheless. as the
Union has made a failure of itself
politically as well as in all matters
of public policy it might continue
the discussion Of gastronomy taker
up so promptly this morning at the
suggestion of-THE ARGUS.
But as in other things it should
not in such connection cite its editor
| as the ideal.