The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-11-06
Especial to the Citizen

The animal life of the ocean is con-
fined chiefly to two reglons-one ex-
tending from the surface to depth of
about 400 meters, the other being the
ground region at the bottom. Many
animals, moreover, approach the sur
face at night but descend in the day
time. DR.. Jacques Lob, of the United
States Fish Commission, finds that the
daily migration is largely due to the
effect on animals of the light, animals
in the condition which he terms posi-
lively heliotropic being forced to move
toward the light. while those that are
negatively heliotropic move away from
it. Ats depth of 400 meters the light
practically disappears, being two fee
BILE on the brightest days to effect
Photographic plate. In the zone be-
tween the surface and this depth the
sensitive animals move, the mechan-
ical effect of the light causing them to.
rise or descend until their heliotropism
reaches state of equilibrium or is re-
versed. DR.. Loeb has proven that
moths and other flying creatures are
impeiled to approach the light by a
similar action, and not by a fOndness
for it.
The loss of vessels by fire could be
much lessened, says correspondent of
London Engineering, by the uses
Of liquid carbonic acid. Cylinders
of this substance should be suitably
fastened Ia the highest part of the hold
and on deck, aud q thermometer in the
hold should be arranged to ring an
electric bell at certain temperature.
Valve ropes in convenient places would
enable the officer in charge to pull open
the cylinders promptly on hearing the
alarm The liberated carbOnic acid
would expand, filling the hold and in
stantly slnothering any fire without
damage to goods:
An Irish observer estimates that
wasps captured between 300 and 400
flies on two of his COWS in about 20 min
utes. There was constant stream of
Wasps carrying away flies probably to
feed the larvae in their nests, and re-
turning to catch more. A white COW
appeared to be q favOrite with the
wasps, as the flies could be seen at once
against her skin.
In study of the tools of the ancient
Romans as preserved at POmpeii, Prof
Goodman has been most Impressed
by the resemblance between many of
the implements of 800 years ago and
those of to-day. Except for the rust,
the iron tools of a POmpeian factory
might also be taken for those of mod
ern tool shop. Sickles, bill-hooks,
rakes, forks, spades, blacksmith tOngs,
hammering tODgs, hammers, soldering
iron planes and shovels are much like
those of to-day; but the most marvel
GUS instruments are those for surgery,
beautifully executed and of design ex-
actly similar to some recently patented
and re-invented Incredible as it may
appear, the Pompeians had well-made
wire ropes. The bronze brazier and
and kitchener had boilers at the side
and tops running off the hot water;
and there were ewers and urns with
interior tubes and furnaces precisely
like the present arrangement in steam
boilers. Metal safes had substantial
locks, many of them ingenious and in
tricate. Lead pipes under the streets
distributed the water supply; and there
were many public drinking fountains,
with private fountains in most of the
large houses.
A novelty in decorative painting was
recently brought out by Sven, Swed-
ish artist, and is said to have attracted
much attention in Berlin. The paint
ings are executed upon plate glass in
tended as pahels for furniture or orna-
mental articles. By the use of phos-
phorescent material, the colors are Civ
en- glowing brilliancy, which causes
the panels to stand out with singular
attractiveness in partial obscurity or
complete darkness. 1t is claimed that
such paintings do not fade, and they
are made practically indestructible by
the protection of the glass.
"A family with a hereditary mania
for suicide by hanging has been dis
covered by DR.. Brouardel, of Paris.
The father, farmer near Etampes,
hung himself without apparent cause,
and subsequently his four daughters
and six Of his seven sons followed the
example, but not until they had mar
RED and had children, all of whom
likewise hung themselves One son,
now So years old, is the only survivor
Of this ill-fated family.