Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1896-12-22

EANS>Ll0 PROVISIONAL president. ne
young emperor. Francis Joseph, in
sJanrly appealed for aid to the Car
Nicholas, of Russia. who instantly in
tervened. The Gar issued q manifesto
Anril -. stating the facts and the
grounds on which his intervention was
believed 10 be legitimate. This paper
founded the right Of Intervention not
on the weakness of the belligerent, but
on his strength. Russia asserted as
principal that she must intervene be-
cause. if she did not intervene. Hun
gary would establish her independence.
This precedence tended to establish
the right of every government to in
tervene i'm the affairs Of foreign States
whenever their situation should tend
20 endanger its own safety or the pOlit-
ical equilibrium on its frontier" AS
far as is known. every other govern
meuJ in the world tacitly acQuiesced
i'm the establishment of this precedent.
Besides the four pvecedents Of Greece
Belgium, Poland and Hungary, where
new natiOnaliues were in question, a
much larger number Of interyentiOns
occurred in Europe in the process Of
disruption or consolidation which has,
on one hand, disintegrated the ancient
empires of the Sultan. of Spain. of the
church, and on the other. cOncentra-
ted The new system of Germany, Rus
sia and Italy.
Tn regard 20 Asia. probably all au-
thOriries agree that the entire frabic Of
European supremacy, whether in Ash
attic Turkey, Persia, Afghanistan, In
diG. Siam. or China, rest on the right of
intervention.
The American precedents are handled
eXhaustively. IL says that America,
both North and South has aways aim
ed to- moderate European Intervention
and to restrict its exercise. On this
point we have the evidence Of George
Canning. in a celebrated speech on the
foreign enlistment act Of 1928. "We
have spent much time said Canning.
"in teaching other powers the nature Of
q strict neutrality, and generally speak
ing we found them most reluctant
scholars. II I wished for a guide in
system of neutrality. I should take that
laid down by America in the days of
the presidency of Washington and the
secretaryshlp Of Jefferson.
Monroe's act. which eXtinguished the
last hopes OF the Holy Alliance in
America. produced the deepest sensa-
tion among European conservatives,
and gave 20 the United States eXtraor-
dinary consideration. England used
it as a weapon at the Congress at We
roma 20 threaten the other powers and
when they decided on intervention in
Spain. HOwly Canning came wholly
over TO the side of Monroe. as France
and Austria forced his hands in Spain.
The principle thus avowed by Cam
ming added little TO the European law
I of intervention; but the principle
avOwed by Monroe created an entire
body of American Jurisprudence. AS
am isolated act it meant little, but in
Nlouroes view it was not an isolated
act. it was part of q system, altogether
new and wholly American. From that
fay 20 this the American people have
always. and unanimously, supported
and approved the Monroe doctrine.
. They needed no reasoning to prove that
it was vital 70 their safety.
The report next takes mp the cases ot
Texas. Hayti and san Domingo 20 show
that the right of Intervention was asserted
in each instance.
I The report then gives the circumstances
under which the Southern Coufederacy
was recognized. tracing the diplomatic cor
resooudence. and concludes as follows:
The right Of Intervention IN matters re-
latiug TO the external relations of Cuba
asserted and exercised 90 years ago. has
been asserted and exercised at every cri-
sis in which the island has been involved.
When the Cuban insurgents IN 1859 ap-
re1Iel to- the United States for rccogni-
ton President Grant admitted the Justice
OF the claim and directed the minister of
. tho United States az Madrid 10 iuterpose
our good offices with the Spanish govern
mcut On order 20 obtain 10y q friendly ar
raneomeut the Independence Of the island.
Although the President appears 10 have
reached "a different conclusion from ours.
we being upable 90 see that further delay
could lead 20 any other action than that
which the President anticipates. we agree
with the conclusion Of the message. that.
in such cases. our obligations to the SOW
ereicnty of Spain are superseded by high
or obligations which We can hardly hest
. tate t0 recognize and discharge Follow
/ iu- closely the action OF President Monroe
. in ISIS Congress has already declared I'm
effect Is opinion that there can DE no ra-
I tioual Interference except on the basis Of
. Independence. in September. 1895. as We
know by Official documents printed ON the
spot. the irsurgent government was regu-
/ 'l-iv organized. O constitution adopted
. President elected. and in due course. the
various branches of administration set IN
/ motion. Since then. so far as we are in
/ formed. the government has continued 70
F perform it's functions undisturbed On the
. military side. as we officially know they
/ have oreanized. equipped and maintained
/ iu the field SUFFICIENT forces TO battle the
I evertioos of 2o10o0 soldiers. On the civil
side they have oreanized their system of
/ administration in every province. for as
we know officially. the roam al viii over
. at least two-thirds Of the inland country
/ DIp'omauc3lly. they have maintained q
/ regularly accredited representative i'm the
/ United States for the past year. who has
T never ceased 90 ask recognition and 10 Of
+ fe- an possible information.
The government of tho United States
I eutertairs none but the friendUest feelings
toward spain. The most anxious wish is
to avoid even the appearance OF an un-
. frterdHness which is wholly foreign TO It's
thought For moro than q hundred years.
/ amidst divergent or clashing interests and
+ under frequent and severe strains. the two
/ governments have succeeded i'm avoiding
/ collision. and there IS no friendly Office
+ which Spain could ask. which the United
+ states within the limits Of their establish
. el principles and policy, would not be glad
to extend In the present instance they
T arc actuated by an earnest wish 20 avoid
-r, .1o,,e,~ Of seeming 70 prOv0lza q CON