Birmingham state herald., 1896-08-21
LORD RUSSELL ID LAWYERS England's Chief Justice on Inter-
 national Arbitration. THE AUDIENCE SYMPATHETIC And His Appearance on the Stage Was Saluted
 With VoIeys of Applause. SPOKE IMPRESSlvELY AND F0RCEFULLY He Gives Full Measure of Praise to the United States for Her Share of the
 Work, Closing With a Beau
 tiful Thought.
TIE AUDIENCES SYMPATHETIC
POKE IMPRESSlvELY AND F0RCEFULLY

Saratoga, N. r., Aug. 20.-No greater ovation was ever paid any speaker in saratoga than that accorded Lord Rus sell, lord chief justice of England, when he entered the convention hall at 1925 o'clock this morning to address the American Bar association in nineteenth annual convention here assembled. The applause was long continued by the vast audience of 4500 persons.
 His lordship and Sir Frank Lockwood were escorted to the platform by Presi- aent Storey of the bar association, where already were assembled Judge Rufus Peckham. Attorney General Harmon, Court of Appeals Judge Bartlett, Court land Parker. United States District Court Judge Coxe, Randolph Tucker, Henry Hitchcock. w. Allen Butler, Hon. Ed ward Phelps, Everett P, Wheeler, James C.. Carter. Nathaniel Shipman, Bishop John F. Newman and Montague Crackeuthorpe. Just under the gallery sat Colonel h. gersoll, who was an interested spectator
 Exactly at 1O:30 o'clock President Sto- rey stepped to the front of the platform and Introduced the distinguished jurist He said.
 T have now the very great pleasure, not of Introducing, for he needs no intro ducti0n to any English speaking lawyer, but pf presenting to you Lord Russell of Killowen, lord chief justice of England, who will deliver the annual address on International Arbitration
 AS Lord Russell stepped forward the vast audience broke into unrestrained applause, which continued for fully minute. Throughout the delivery of hls paper, which was more of an address than a forensic effort the closest atten- tf0n was given by the audience.
 Lord Russell spoke easily. impressive ly and with great force. There was no gestloulation He stood behind high desh. with is hands firmly grasping the sides. and read his address, which was frequently punctuated by applause. in even convincing tones. Following the burst of applause, he prefaced his ad- dress by saying:
 My first words must be in acknowl- edgfnent of the signal honors done me by inviting me to address you on this interesting occasion n You are con gress of lawyers. met here to take coun- sel in no narrow spirit upon questions affecting your profession, to consider the needs for legislation which time and ex- perience develop, to consider the tenden- cies of legislation, state and federal, and the course of judicial decision" (Ap- plause) .4..
 Synopsis of His Address.
 Lord Russell said in part:
 There is a marked agreement between English and American writers as to the manner In which international law Is theated. The essential difference consists in this:
 Whereas, in the latter what I shall call the ethical and metaphysical treat mept is followed, in the former, while not Ignoring the important part which ethics play in the consideration of what inter- national law ought to be, it's writers for the most part carefully distinguish between what Is, in fact, international law from their views of what the law ought to be. Their treatment is mainly historical.
 As to the latter tendencies of interna- tional law Lord Russell in one sentence epitomized them as their greater human ity. In this field of humane work, Lord Russell said, the United States took prominent part. Continuing, he said:
 Tn our own times the desire has spread and grown strong for peaceful methods for the settlement of international dis putes. The reason lies on the surface. Men and nations are more enlightened; the grievous burden of military arma- ments Is sorely felt, and in these days, when. broadly speaking, the people are enthroned, their views find free and forci- ble expression in worldwide press. The movement has been taken up by so- cieties of thoughtful and learned men in many places.
 But more hopeful still, the movement has spread to legislative bodies.
 Tt is obvious, therefore, that the senti- tion as the alternative for war Is growing apace. How has that sentiment told on the direct action of nations? How far have they shaped their policy according to its methods? The answers to these questions are also hopeful and encourag- ing.
 Experience has shown that, over a large area, international differences may honorably, practically and usefully be dealt with by peaceful arbitrament. There have been since 1915 sixty i'm stances of effective international arbitra- tion. To thirty-two of these the United States has been a party, and Great Britain to some twenty of them.
 r United States in the Van.
 There are many instances also of the introduction of arbitration clauses into the real case. Here again the United States appears in the van"
 Lord Russell, however, did not con- clude that the millennium of peace had arrived. There were still difficulties to be met and it behooved all friends of peace and advocates of arbitration to meet them. Human imperfections to be- gin with-a nation may agree to arbitrate and then repudiate its agreement. Who
 
 tion and been worsted, it may decline to be bound by the award. Who Is to compel 1t?
 These considerations seem to me to justify two conclusions:
 "The first is that arbitration will not cover the whole field of international con froversy, and the second that unless and until the great powers in the world in league bind themselves to coerce re- calcitrant member of the family of na- tions we have still to face the more than probable disregard by powerful states of the obligations of good faith and of jus- tIce. The scheme of such combination has been advocated, but the signs of it's accomplishment are absent. We have as yet no league of nations of the amphicty- ohio type.
 1.-TWO of the great factors that make for pea cefuf methods are the dread of war and the reprobation of mankind-public