davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

intervals. Wagon wheels would run
easily on fat rails eight or ten inches
wide, with tianges on either side to pre-
vent the wheels slipping off. Except
upon main Travelled roads the cost might
be pretty heavy, but there would be al
most no limit to the loads that could be
drawn upon such a track. Bicyclists
could easily use it. The appearance
might not quite equal that of good,
well-crowned macadam road, but the
idea is worth considering, especially in
vegions where macadam stone is scarce:
One beauty of the steel track is that
wagons with narrow tires could safely
use it.. Macadam necessitates broad
tire law, which causes some opposition.
How true it is that there's nothing
new under the sun! Here we are again
back at the old plank road idea. Asteel
plank running lengthwise instead of a
wooden one crosswise; that's all the diff
ference.
And in the west, the last few years
have seen the temperance oftthe prai-
rie schooner and the freight wagon.
OWEN LANGDoN.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

Good brood mares, that is, those
that are nicely bred, good size, and can
show some action and speed, are be-
coming more valuable every day, and
those that are poorly bred, small in size,
no matter if they do show little action
and speed, are growing less in value
every day. The progressive man is the
up-to-date man, no matter if the times
are hard and business quiet. for he
knows there will be reaction some
time, and when it comes he will have
on hand just what other progressive
men want, and therefore can sell it
at the most advanced prices; while
the man with the stuff on hand several
generations behind time will forever
continue to feed it or will try to give it
away, and to give it away, who will
want it?-Colman's Rural World.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
HIGHWAY COMMISSION.
Bill Recently Introduced In Congress Pr
Er@a-ra sa visIea fOr One.

I3ill Recently Introduced In Congress Pro-
Enrav@s govides for One.
A bill has been introduced, in the
house of representatives and referred
to the committee on appropriations for
the creation of a special commission on
highways. 1t provides that one SEN
ator, two representatives, the chief of
engineers of the. army, the director of
the geological survey and the chief of
road inquiry OF the department of agri-
culture shall constitute commission
to continue during the life of the pres
ent congress, to make reports by bill or
otherwise, and to inquire generally how
the government may promote the I'M
provement of highways by the scien-
tific location Of roads on the public do
main, the employment of the geological
survey in the discovery of road ma
terials, the free testing of road ma
terials, the construction OF model roads
and instruction in roadmaking at agri-
cultural colleges and experiment sta
lions, the military academy, and, when
practicable, at all institutions having a
military instructor. The commission
is also to confer with the interstate
commerce commission and with rail-
way officials to secure reduced rates for
the transportation of road materials,
and by conference with state authori-
ties and organizations to aid in awaken
ing general interest in road improve
mcnt.
1t is not the function of the national
government to undertake the construc-
ton of wagon roads in the states, but
Mr.. Crisp's objection, made four years
ago, that it is an infringement OF state
rights to inquire into the condition OF
roads in the states and to encourage
their betterment, is not worthy OF seri-
Gus consideration The educational en-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
Power of the SUMS Heat.

Architects and builders have long
been aware of the fact that bridges and
buildings of all kinds expand in summer
and contract in winter, but no scientific
observations were ever made on that
score until quite recently. Experiments
made on tall monuments in both this
country and Europe during the heat of
the past summer show that the perpen-
dicularity of such structures is badly
affected by the rays of the sun. At one
time the Washington monument was
found to lean nine inches out of plumb.
This popularity, it was said, was due
to the greater expansion of the side up
on which the suns RAYS fell.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
Call It a Craze.
AN ALARMING STATEMENT
CONCERNING WOMEN.
HOW BAD HABITS ARE FORMED.

The Mez0 York Tribune says: The habit of
taking headache powders is increasing to an
alarming extent among a great number of wo-
men throughout the country. These powders az
their name indicates, are claimed by the manu-
facturersto be positive and speedy cure for any
form of headache. In many cases their chief
ingredient is morphine, opium, cocaine some
other equally injurious drug having tendency
to, deaden painl The habit of taking them is
easily formed, but almost impossible to shake
off, Women usually begin taking them to re-
lieve a. raging headache and soon resort to the
powder to alleviate any little pain or ache they
may be subjected to; and finally like the NOR
phine opium fendl get into the habit of taking
them regularly, imagining that they are in pain
f!they happen tomiss' their regular dose"
In nine cases out of ten, the trouble is
in the stomach! and liver Take simple
laxative and liver tonic and remove the
offending matter which deranges tire
stomach and causes the headache DR..
Pierce's Pleasant Pellets are composed
entirely of the purest, concentrated,
vegetable extracts. One Pellet is
dose; sugar-coated, easily swallowed;
once used, alz0ays in faOor. They posi-
lively cure sick headache and remove
the disposition to it.
Mr.. E. VARGAsON, of otter Lake Latter O.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
The CONVICT PROBLEM.


1t Can Be Solved by Employing Prisoners,
In Road Construction.
The convict labor question is very
knotty problem that is still waiting for
solution.
1t knocks at the door of nearly every
state capital, during each session of the
legislature, but is usually turned away
with promise of more consideration
ut some future time.
The good roads problem is also a ques
ton of Importance in the land. In some.
localities one of these problems is per-
mitted to solve the other. Two, birds
arc killed with one stone.
That the present mode of employing
convicts is very unsatisfactory is proved
by the unsettled condition of the ques-
ton in nearly every state where it is
done. The following is from q recent
issue of the Dayton CO., Herald:
The Ohio penitentiary seems to suffer
from the general business depression. The
annual report of the board of managers
shows that In 1893 the surplus of earnings
over expenses was $31, 079; in 1894, the de-
felt of earnings was $9,1S7, and in 1895 the
deficit of earnings was SIS. 461 20. The board
aScribeS several reasons for this change
of about $50, 000 among them the passage
of a law requiring the branding of all
prison-made goods, and the passage of the
Lleweliyn law, restricting the number of
laborers engaged in making any one kind
of goods in the penal and reformatory in
situations of the state to ten per cent. OF
the free labor employed in making like
goods in the state. These have led, as the
board claims, to a Generalization of the
contract system. 1t recommends the re-
peal of the laSt-named law, the first hav-
ing been declared unconstitutional; or II
this cannot be done, then that the limit
fixed by the LIewellyn law be raised to at
least rs per cent The situation Is one of
great interest, and will probably lead to
further agitation of the difficult questions
of employment of convict labor.
In this connection it may be said that
whether or not the penitentiaries are
seIf-supporting has nothing to do with
the case.
The more money the convicts make
for the state under the Ohio system, the
more free labor is deprived. of. Thriv-
ing penitentiaries are not the most
hopeful of signs.
1t would be even better to tax free
labor to support idle convicts than to
have the convicts rob free labor OF its
means of support.
At the present time the work OF max
ing magnificent systems of highways
appears to offer the best means of en-
ploying many of the convicts. They
should not be permitted to compete
with free labor in the manufactures.
Roads should be made better
When, oh, when, will the immemorial
rnoss-gatherers known as legislators
awake to the needs of the hour?-L "A.
W Bulletin.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
wants No GLASS LegIslatlon.

legislature wants to pass bill pro-
viding for tax of two dollars on BIZ
cycles. the amount so raised to be APP
piled to the Improvement of roads.
This will afford an opportunity for the
wheellnen to pay their own freight,
as it were, and that of the Transfers,
carriage owners and pedestrians also.
If vehicles are to be taxed, let every
man who uses the highway pay his own
freight. Discrimination is not popu-
lar, even in legislation.- Cycling Gar
zette
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
HANDY GRATING TOOL.
The Cost of Making One Need Not Ex-
coed Twenty-Five Cents.

The Cost OF making one Neeu MOI TX
coed Twenty-Five Cents.
The accompanying engraving shows
the side view of complete grating
tool or knife, which is not only per-
feet tool, but also has the decided adj
vantage of being very cheap.
Almost every person having grating
TO do, has about the place an old fiat
file or rasp, II inches or more in length,
that has been thrown aside as worth
less. By taking the old file to black
smith, it can be easily forged into a
tool shaped like the cut. The main
part should be brought to about half
inch square, leaving the wide part (as
shown) to be drawn to an edge for
cutting blade " inches wide, which is
10 be used to split the stock, and also
pare it if desired, care being taken in
forging that sufficient steel is left so
as not to weaken the tool at this point.
This cutting blade should have a mild
temper only, not so hard as to leave
the steel brittle. else the blows given it,
with mallet in splitting the stock
will be likely to crack the steel. Now
forge the shortest end to a wedge shape.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
A snl,stitnta FOR f4nld.

A French journal describes a new sub
stitute for gold. 1t is produced by al
Toying 81 parts of copper with six parts
of anthony, the copper being first
melted and the antimony afterward
added. To this quantity of mag
nesium carbonate is added To increase
its specific gravity. The alloy is capable
of being drawn out, wrought and
soldered just as gold is, and it is said to
take and retain as fine a polish as gold.
It's cost is shilling pound.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
------- i- ---------.-..-----
GOOD MILK TANK. =:

uome-NIade Device That Can Be Used
With or without Ice.
Some one asked for plans for home
made milk tank or creamer for SIX or
eioht COWS, to be used with Or without
ice. | describe one that we have used
with good satisfaction with water only.
II is simple, convenient, durable and
cheap.
ANY kind of cans can be used. Com
mon cans, holding IA quarts, can be had
Of timer for about rs cents, with
cover. Have them made to order, with
a fange all around the bottom and a
hail like pail to lift by. A round can
of this description, SIs inches in diam
eter and Is inches deep, will hold about
sb gallons. 1t is a nice size, convent
emit to handle, and in my Judgment
preferable to an oblong can.
To accommodate four cans of this
size the tank ought to be about AXIS
inches inside, and 10 inches deep. By
making it 20 inches longer it will hold
two extra cans, and it will be good
place in which to keep the cream cans
in hot weather. The additional cost
will be but little.
The tank can be made Of two-inch
material, we'll fitted and firmly bolted;
1t can be made of lighter boards and
lined with galvanized iron. 1t should
have tight-fitting hinged cover, and if
unprotected from the direct rays of the
sun. the cover ought to be double, with
an air space between. The tank should
be placed near the pump, and be con-
nected with it by a three-quarter-inch
pipe, or larger if the tank is much
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
GROWING ASPARAGUS.
Under Proper Management This Veget
BILE Is Very Profitable.

Under Proper Management This Vegeta'
BILE Is Very Profitable.
The asparagus is a hardy perennial,
.a.at sinder proper management, when
planted in the right l4ind of soil, will
produce annual crops for an indefinite
length of time. The demand for it has
always been good, even when other
vegetables were dull and slow of SALE
If well grown and carefully punched il
is sure to meet with ready sale.
Asparagus will succeed best on a rich,
sandy loan, deep and mellow. Manure
well; all the outlay for labor will be re-
turned to the owner in very few years
After making the bed, rake it over, re-
moving any stones or other obstruc-
tions. Make shallow drills about an
inch deep and a foot apart. The seed
should be strewn thinly by hand in
these drills, then covered by raking the
bed.
We scatter some radish seed in the
drills, at the time of sowing. The rad
ish seed will terminate and come up
in few days from the time of sowing.
This marks the row, and gives chance
to destroy any weeds that may kave
appeared, and keeping the surface loose
until the asparagus plants are well up.
When plants are one-year-olds, if
strong, they may be transplanted into
the permanent bed. Weak plants should
remain in the seed bed another year.
Where one wants only few plants to
make family bed, it is cheaper to buy
them from some responsible scotsman.
Asparagus is a vegetable found in but
few gardens. 1t should be in every
garden. Most people who have eaten
it when perfectly prepared are fond of
it, and another point in it's favor, it
comes SO early in the spring, when one
needs it most. There is, on most farms,
a small plot of ground near the house.
where one might very soon have an
asparagus bed, and after enjoying it
once you never would do without it
again.-Mrs. L. S. Hamilton, in ST. Louis
Journal of Agriculture.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
MlScELLANEo Gus.
Breed to the Game Trotting Horse
"CURRITO."
Get Fine Coachers from
:" GA SIP ARD. -
Low Prices. sl5 and s26.

The farmers of Frederick County have a rare
char ce offered them to get fine road horses and
splendid coach horses from the two standard
bred sta lions CURRITO and GASPARD.,
CURRITO, the game trotting stallion OF
Maryland, with record over poor halfmile
track of 2:l7s4, is regarded by horsemen as one
Of the gamest and most promising young sires
in the country His colts are all perfect beau
ties and born trOtters. For the season. only
$500.
GASPAe d, the Oldest son of the great SEA
KING, has already some of the finest colts in
the county; they can be seen at Mr.. Charles
HaTgetts, Mr.. Arthur Potts or at Mr.. John
Weller'S. Far mers having fine large mares
should breed 10 this splendid young horse.
Get a coach horse or fine road horse and IL
will be the best investment on the farm. Breed
only to the best q good horse is always in de-
maDd; Oh the other hand, it is hard to give
poor one away GASPARD will stand for the
season for only $3.50.
This is a great chance for farmers who have
fine large mares. Get a colt from one of these
standardized stations.
TERMS-Payable at end of season. Mares
not In foal will be allowed return privilege.
Apply to MICHAEL KNELL.
Manager for Col. L. VICTOR BAUGHMAN,
feb. 2l-2m. near Frederick.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

preserving the size so the wedge will
he half an inch wide, and turn it at a
right angle in the same direction with
the edge of the blade. The length
ought to be about two inches SO the
wedge" will be gradual.
To use this tool, the limb is sawed
off, the stump pared, the split made by
the cutting blade, which is to be at
once withdrawn; then drive in the
wedge so as to admit the scions, and the
tool has done it's work. The cost of such
q grating knife ought not to exceed
25 cents, and it should last lifetime
st. Louis Journal of Agriculture.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
EUROPEAN ROADS,.

Their Perfection Is q Source Of Delight to
American Tourists.
AS one good road in a community is an
incentive for the people to build others,
Sc the good roads of one country inspire
the people of other countries toemulate
the good example.
Since European bicycle tours have be-
come popular, the excellence of the
highways of foreign countries has been
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

Farmer Budd, of
New Jersey, or
amy other person,
is the suggestor
Of t h e s t e e !
tracked roadway,
perhaps the most
promising of the
new good roads
ideas. Farmers
O'Donnell, Budd
and others pro-
pose, in brief, to
lay wide, shallow
steel rails in the
public highways,
with turnoufS at
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

the fruit and branches from the ground
the weeds and stir the soil under the
branches. 1t will also hold the moist
ure about the roots of the bush to some
extent, and will make easier picking
of the fruit than when the branches
lie near the ground.-American Agri-
culturist.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
STONE DAIRY HOUSE.
"oman's Description of q Very Useful
and Picturesque Structure.

4 Woman's Description of Very Useful
and Picturesque Structure.
1t is the ambition of all good butter
makers to possess the best conditions
possible for the manufacture of the
'ame. Cellars are often lacking in the
Pecessary qualifications for the making
\ prime butter, either from defective
Pralnage or i'll ventilation, and the diff
Iuity or impossibility of keeping milk
nd vegetables in juxtaposition with
PuC lmpairing the flavor of the cream
pnu butter. Butter making in the
iIchen also has it's disadvantages.
we offer suggestion in the accom-
Panylng illustration of a way out of
'ne difficulty by utilizing the loose
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

Miss De Flyte- Bridget, if Mr.. Simms
calls while ] am out, hold him until
return.
Bridget-Oh. Miss. sure and Oh wodn't
IOike to do that.-Life.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
some Waald Never Re missed.

This country has 100000 miles Of
common roads. This would encircle
the globe SO times, or go to the moon
more than five times. But if most of
them would go there just once and not
come back. earth would be just about
as happy
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
,a;s;,5,z,. ROAD :;
!: assse:' re SS ESS
IMPROVEMENT.
sTEEL-TRACKED ROADS.

Promising Idea Advocated by Eastern
Political Leaders.
In the wreck of matter and the crush
of worlds, coronations, conventions.
boat races and things, it is just as well
not to forget that the farmer feeds us
all, when the mud doesn't prevent his
hauling stuff to market.
Farmer O'DonnelI, of New York state,
distinctly understood that he, and not
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

writes: II not
infrequently have an at
tack of the, headache.
It usually comes OH in
the forenoon. At my
dinner L eat nry regular
meal, and take one or
two, of Doctor Pierce's
Pleasant Pellets inlme-
diately after, and in the
course of am hour my
headache is cured and
no bad effects. I feel
better every way for
having taken them
not worse, as is usual
after taking other kinds
of pills. Pleasant Pei
let's are worth more
than their weight in
gold, If for nothing else
Than to cure headache"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
Tha fylo.et ~ M ne.

The family with skeleton
Is now In dire dismay
For fear that 1t may be exposed
BY use Of the Roentgen ray.
philadelphia Bulletin.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
PLANT PROTECTOR.

1t Holds Dropping Branches of Plants Up
frOEl the Ground.
A tile plant protector is just the
thing for holding the dropping branches
Of some of the small fruits up from
the ground, especially the gooseberry.
whose habit of growth is low and
struggling. The special advantage
claimed for this method is that it keeps
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
ST. BERNARD ROAD, SWITZERLAND.

made known to all Americans, through
the tongue and eye of the pen and the
camera.
eff we only had such roads at home!"
has been the wish, and from it has
come efforts that have served to set
the people thinking and doing. Amer
leans, who. excel in so many of the arts
and sciences, will sometime attain their
proper place as the builders of perfect
highways.-Good Roads.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

Miss Flora lin pair of stupendous
sleeves) How do / look, Ned? !.
Ned (rapturously) You're simply
unapDroachable.- Boston Transcript
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
REGULAR MEETING

A REGULAR MEErINs
OF THE
BOARD OF SCHOOL COMMISSIONERS OF
FREDERICK COUNTY, MD,
VIII be held in their office at the Court House.
ON WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY,
APRIL 18th and BOTH 1885.
Teachers salaries will be paid on and after FRI
DAY, May 10Th. The public schools will close
on Wednesday, April 18th. The use of school
houses, books, etc, will he granted to duly
qualified teachers who desire 10 conduct prl.
waite schools, upon their entering into contract
with the trustees of the schools 10 take proper
care OF the public school property. All teach
s,rs proposing to avail Intensely es of this offer
will be required TO apply to this Office for forms
Of contract.
BY order.
EPHRAIM L. BOBLTTz,
mar.27-4t. Secretary.
County Weekly Papers copy in same space.1
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
Too Much

"Did you refuse him because he was
SO old?" M
mo; because he said-he felt as If he
had known me all his life. Truth.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10
Tho small Cost of Spraying.

During the last year the Delaware
experiment station made some exhaust
i've tests as to the cost of spraying
trees. In using the Bordeaux mixture
they sprayed the trees six times, and
recixoned in the cost of materials and
cost of labor, and found it to be two
cents per tree per spraying, or IL cents
per tree for the season. The result was
that the rot was reduced to one-thlrd
what it was on the unsprayed trees.
They found also that four sprayingS
gave about the same results as SIX
sprayings, and that there was about
twice as much rot with two sprayings
as with four or six. So we see that
four sprayings, or. eight cents per tree,
is all that it really costs. This en-:
phasizes the reasons we have frequent
ly given for spraying p
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

ones with which many farms are
.'ewn' and which every year have to
removed and are generally piled
unu stnmps, or carted and dumped
Eo roas out-of-the-way nook. A pictur-
go a1e ualryhouse may be made out of
80 stones. The house may consist
sAe room, or the rear may be used as
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-04-10

The subscriber respectfully informs mis-
friends and the public generally that ne
has purchased the Livery Stables oft
late Robert g. Lamar, and has removed
to his new and CoMMoDIoUS STABLES,
on the First Alley, between East Second
and East Third Sts., Frederick city, Nd,
where all orders, by day or night, will
receive prompt and polite attention, and
on the most reasonable terms. His
stock of HORSES and CARRIAGES is
the largest in the city. The horses are
all safe, sound and good travellers, while
the vehicles are of every variety, and of
the finest and latest styles and the most
substantial character. Bridal parties
served with the most stylish and FASH
ionabie turnOuts, and special attention
will be given to funeral cOrteges. CAR
RIAGES FOR PARTIES and Buses
for picnics at very reasonable rates. The
drivers are all competent, reliable and
Obliging, and no pains nor efforts will
be spared to please all who may favor
me with their patronage.