New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-07
.Colgate's
Cashmere Bouquet
Perfume.

the territory of Venezuela extended to the Esse-
ouibo The main grounds Of the claim were that
Spain was the first discoverer and occupant OF
the new world; that the Spaniards at an early
date occupied and explored the Orinoco and all
the contiguous country on the Barima, Maroco
and Pcmaroon: that at the time OF the treaty OF
Munster the Dut IN had no possessions In Guiana
at least on the northern and western side OF
the Essequbo; that the Spanish domain ex-
tended as far as the Essequbo. ard that any
possession Of the Dutch westward Of the river
was usurpation unapproved by Spain After
giving summary of Lord Aberdeens reply to
the preceding, historic statement of the Dutch
claims is quotec as proof that Venezuela's based
pretensons upon allegations relative to the
Spanish and Dutch occupations are conclusively
proved erroneous.
CALCANO REINFORCES FORTIQUE.
In 1876 Sehor Cacano readvances the claims
on the same grounds as those of Senior Fortique
with the addition that the former relied upon the
bull of Pope Alexander W. as imparting fresh
and most valuable recognition. which. at the time
1t was issued. he said was OF decisive sgnif-
canoe Senior Calcano alleged that the Capuchins
occupied the space between the Orinoco, Cape
Nassau the sea and the River Caroni. There Is
no trace Of such occupation. The regal warrant
of 1885, defining the sphere Of missionary enter
prise in Guiana. has been quoted as authority for
this statement. Reference to the original docu-
ment shows that 1t contains no words to justify
the assertion. The passage which has been cited
In support OF the contention OF Venezuela Is an
Interpolation. Senior Cacano further quoted an
article from the Convention Of Aranjuez, making
the surrender of fugitive slaves effective between
the Spanish establishments on the Orinoco and
Esseouibo. Demerara Berbce and Surinam. sug-
~, PROD N he riVe
This suggestion Is unfounded perusal Of the
convention shows clearly that the words used Is
wel-known general description of the Dutch
colony.
From this point the statement follows the bet
ter-known history of the diplomatic negotiations
between Venezuela and Lord Salisbury. Lord
Granville and Lord Rosebery to the rupture OF
the diplomatic relations in 1887. Abiding to the
statement OF the Venezuelan claim in the note OF
Senior Urbaneja in January, 1887. the statement
proceeds: THE main additional grounds then
put forward In support Of the claim were decree
alleged to have been issued by the King of Spain
in 1858, whereby Guiana was declared to be bor
dered on the south by the Amazon and on the
East by the Atlantic"
Reference to the decree shows that 1t has no
bearing whatever upon the question of the boun-
Diary of the Dutch colonies.
ritory of the Netherlands TO whose rights Great
Britain succeeded. all in her power consisted Of
the establishments of Essequibo. Demerara. Ber-
bice and Surinam This has never been denied
by Great Britain, and in way meets the con-
tention, supported by the evidence already cited.
that the Dutch colony of Essequibo was included
| in the whole watershed Of that river and its
| tributaries, and extended along the coast to the
mouth of the Orinoco. The further statement
that Spain. far from consenting to usurpa-
tons expelled them by force. 1t will be seen that
a more accurate statement OF occurrences Is
that the attacks and entertainments Of Spain
on the Dutch possessions repealed BY the
Dutch and British.
AS regards the negotiations instituted by
Venezuela in 1890 and 1898 for a renewal of diplo
matte relations and settlement of the boundary
dispute. it is only necessary here to say that
they failed of successful results in consequence
of the persistence OF the Venezuelan negotiators
| in asserting claim 10 all the territory as far as
the Essequibo or its immediate neighborhood.
THE BASES OF vENEZUELAS CLAIM
The above examination shows that the main
grounds upon which the claim Of Venezuela Ia
supposed to be based. far it has been pre-
| scented to Great Britain at different times dur
ing the last fifty years, have been follows:
Ftst--The original discovery and the first ex-
ploration Of the South American continent by
Spain. which are clearly Irrelevant
Second-The bull OF Pope Alexander vi, which
cannot be considered as having any real bearing
upon the question.
Third The allegation that the occupation OF
Guiana by the Dutch was violation OF the
treaty Of Munster.
This allegation has been shown to be I'M
founded
Fourth. Possession and occupation by the
spaniards Of the territory south Of the Orinoco.
including the rivers Barma. Morocco and Pome-
room.
1t has been shown that the only Spanish set
Elements there at any time were San Thome de
Guyana. which was situated on the south bank
Of the Ornoco and which had been moved from
time to time higher up the river as 1t was de-
stroyed by the British and Dutch successfully
and the Capuchin settlements. situated between
the Orinoco and the Tumerimo as has been
previously described.
Fifth. That the Dutch had never had any
possessions north Of the Essequibo.
| This statement has been shown to be equally
erroneous, as perusal Of the whole diplomatic
correspondence will show that the British Gov
eminent, while insisting that the just claims
Of Great Britain would entite her to boundary
embracing practically the whole watershed Of
the Essequibo. the Guyuni. the Yuruari the
Pomeroon, the Wan and the Barma. has
been willing to agree to a boundary within
those limits which would give Venezuela far