The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1896-11-04
COST OF A CARDINALS HAT.

ureS about the cost or becoming Cdl-
dinal. Each consistory held by the
Pope brings golden shower to the
people Of Rome, he says One does not
become a cardinal without disbursing
a sum ranging between forty and sixty
thousand francs, while newly appoint
ed bishops are required to pay the cost
of bulls, annats and fees, the amount of
which varies according to the impor-
lance of the see AS regards French
bishops, the Concordat made at the be-
ginning of the century fixes the amount
at four thousand francs. This money
was formerly paid by the French gov
eminent, but since the establishment of
the republic it must be furnished by the
appointee. 1t will, therefore, be seen
that if the Pope preconizes forty or fif-
ty bishops at consistory, the golden
rain is of Importance; but it is not so
heavy as in the case of cardinals.
On the day that cardinal is created
in consistory a noble guard must start
at once on the special mission Of carry
ing to the new dignitary the red cap,
the first sign of the cardinalate. With
in day or two later a prelate is sent
with the beretta The travelling ex-
penses of both the noble guard and the
prelate are paid by the Vatican, but the
new cardinal is required by custom to
make a present to each. In France,
where cardinals aim to show a princely
spirit, the present is five thousand
francs for the noble guard and ten
thousand francs for the ALLOCATE; but
in Germany and Austria they are more
nr11U civ
thousand francs to the ALLOCATE and
three thousand francs to the noble
guard AS, in addition to these fees,
both ENJOYS are apt to receive presents
and, perhaps, a decoration from the
head of the government, the missions
are eagerly sought at Rome
TheNniscellaneous fees which have to
be disbursed are numerous The new
cardinal has to pay fees at every step
from the moment of his creation to the
occasion of his receiving the red hat in
public consistory These fees constl-
tute very serious tax upon the new
cardinal, Notwithstanding the efforts
of successive Pcpes to regulate and re-
form the matter. A list Of fees paid by
a newly created cardinal in 1912, under
Pope Gregory XVI, shows the expen-
diture of / ,342 Roman crowns on the oc-
| casion of the creation and of 1,490 Ro-
| man crowns on the occasion of the re-
! ception Of the red hat while the total
| of the simple gifts made on these two
! occasions was more than fifteen thou
sand francs. The new cardinal pays
! fifty crowns to the singers of the Sis
1 tine chapel, but in return they are
obliged to sing gratuitously at his fun
| eral To the Propaganda, which fur
nishes the cardinals ring, worth about
| one b42dred and sixty francs, he pays
3,210 francs; but this payment obtains
| for him the right to dispose by tesla
ment of his property, which otherwise
would go to the church upon his death.
Fees must must be paid to long list OF
officials, ranging from chamberlains
down to sweepers, cooks and soldiers OF
the Swiss guard.
| When the new cardinal takes posses
sion of his titular church at Rome, Gus
tom requires that after the ceremony
all the persons invited to it shall pass
into a room near the sacristy, where
are served refreshments, consisting OF
ices, wines, cakes and bonbons. Some
of the inhabitants Of Rome make 9
speciality of obtaining invitations OF
this kind and never miss the refresh
ments that follow the ceremony. This
custom is source of annoyance as wei
as of expense, because as a rule three
quarters of the guests are strangers tt
the host and intent only upon getting
as much of the refreshments as posi-
BILE Consequently the German ant
Austrian cardinals have rebelle;
against it and substituted the plan O,
dividing among the poor of the parish
the amount that would be spent upo1
refreshments. 1t is believed that thi
plan will eventually be followed by thu
cardinals of other nations.
The question of clothes is also yer.
serious one for the new cardinal, as TIL
charges of Roman tailors who ar
skilled in the delicate distinction in
volved in the dress of cardinal ar
high. and as Furthermore many clothe
are required. The costume of a cardi
nal is governed by a vigorous etiquett
set forth in book which prescribes
day by day throughout the year
whether he shall wear red or violet, o
whether he may go in street dress or Il
a costume suited to the conditions o
time, place and functions.
If the new cardinal is without forum
to defray the cost of his elevation, an
| if he is to reside at Rome, the Vatican
is ready to make him loan, to be re
paid out Of his allowances. With a reg
ular allowance of four thousand crown
and other sources of revenue, the in
come of a cardinal averages abou
tWenty-three thousand francs a veal
an amount which hardly suffices t
maintain the state required of the prin
ces of the church. It is not surprising
therefore, that cardinals occasionall
die in debt. 1t Is admitted that reforr
is needed in these matters, and LIE
XIII has sought the remedy; but it
not easy to apply it, for the Pope find
himself in the presence of. a coalition @
varied interests, where none is willin
to give way, each fearing that, a begin
ming once made, the reformation Nigh
extend too far.
Birminghanl-"Yo daughter Is
marry a young man named Hill, be
lieve?' Manchester-"Yes, he belong