New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-22
LOCAL. GOVERNMENT IN ITALY.


LOCAL. GOVERNMENT IN ITALY.
Each commune. whether rural neighborhood or
city, preserves the same framework OF government
having II, elective Council, its standing Executive
Committee and It's Syndic or Mayor the first
being chosen for Ave years. and one-ffth OF the
body renewed annually the vacancies being nsa
is appointed for two years one-half Of It's MEM
srs een IS from ss o by its
ton his official term being for three years
The Executive Committee is regarded a. the gov
eminent s being subject 70 the review Of Of The
full Council but not Immediately controlled by H.
the general government and the Commune. occupy
Ing in this respect the same position as the French
.cri,ive arm OF the Executive Committee. with
limited power OF Individual initiation but an ALMOST s
body from whom he derives his existence and MS
NapIes and Man the Executive Committee consists
OF ten members and four substitutes: In cites OF
the next grade there are eight: the number d'min-
shng I'M there are only two for districts having
less than 1000 people. The law imposes upon the
na .,ch year for the cost OF mantalnng the ad
mInstraton for keeping the registers OF The state
army service rolls: for the maintenance OF ele-
mentarv schools: for public works for Illumination
nues being derived from an octroi duty at the city
a Sna yST hsasy IN IS n a
inv to Cj per cent OF the rental income.
NOT DONE WITHOUT SACRIFICE.
I. IS thus apparent that IL the Improvements in
the cities Of that country have been great. they
have been made at the cost OF sacrifices greater
than many communities would have borne and In
n corresponding degree crcditable to the fortltude
as well as to the enterprise OF It's people
The rehabilitation OF It's principal cities has been
complete In Rome the street system has been
recrea,ed It's old aqueducts or means of water sup
plv after wing IT. ruin for centuries have been
renalred and again made useful. bringing into the
city daily supply of Coooo.OOo gallons Its drain
age system has been connected with the Cloaca
ardo hpr
and in spite OF its colossal monuments. which carry
It is in many Of It's aspects as modern as Paris
Its building regulations are critically observed the
size. material. construction and sanitary arrange
ments OF new structure are prescribed and every
thing relating to them Is brought under strict pub.
lie surveillance. The old monuments OF the city
carefully preserved the Forum the Coliseum,
the Baths OF Titus. the Palaces OF the Caesars on
Caracalla. the temples of Vesta and Fortuna. and
other ancient remains are all kept under the most
thorough supervision by the State
LIFTED FROM MEDIAEvAL CONDITIONS.
In Milan. Turin Genoa and Florence the improve
ments initiated and In some carried TO CON-
pletlon have been on corresponding scale, liftinS
these cities OF the most sordid medieval con H.
tons In which they had contentedy slunbered for
centuries and placing them on plane with the
most advanced municipalities to be found In Eu-
rome In Milan In particular the transformation
has been OF marvellous thoroughness and complete
ness extending from It's centre to its circumference
and embracing every Improvement known In the
IN
mo 1t possesses what few cities anywhere possess.
an artera centre, from which Its lines OF transit
radiate and to which they converge bringing the
heart OF the city and its furthest suburban spaces
into the closest possible communication. Ii has In
the Via Dante. extending from the Piazza del
Duomo to the borders Of the New Park. what Is
considered the perfect model OF n street above
and beow ground in Europe. Besides the acous
sewers beneath II there are subways adjoining the
front foundation walls OF the houses, containing
the wa and pipes. electric wires and the like
passages extending from them to the main sewers
making II easy to inspect and repair any OF these
Instruments OF service at any time without dis
tmrbing the surface Of the street introducing dis
lighting and railway systems as we'll as the drain
Continental city And along its reconstructed thor
oughfares not only some OF the finest archi-
tectural perspectlves in Europe. but OF the
most scientifically constructed buildings possessing
every modern device OF sanitation and convenience
and luxury anywhere known.
RADICAL WORK IN NAPLES
But It Is In Naples that the work Of demolition and
reconstruction has been most radical and sweeping
and Il may almost be said that that ancient city
has within a decade been renewed from Its founda-
ton The area OF Improvement included I'll old
streets OF which ia we're to be abolished entirely.
and i97 TO he retained and wdened The number OF
people unhOused exceeded n hundred thousand:
II 900 dwellings were destroyed. AZ well as large
number OF Other buildings. including 62 churcnes
This great work II now In progress some OF the
Quarters in process Of renovation date back to the
Graeco- Roman period. and represent continuously
hARdIN