The Lamar register., 1896-05-16

gallons of water. The three ana Ionr-
pound solutions gave as good results
as the six-pound solution the nTst sea-
son. and the second season. after sys-
tematic spraying was begun. the one
and two-pound solutions were snfhcient
TO hold the scab almost entirely In
check In unsprayed orchards, the
scsb ripens It's spores early In the sea-
son, and these spores germinats upon
the fruit and leaves. causing a second
crop Of the fungus that appears as
clouds or bleiches on the apple In an
tumn. on sprayed trees. no trace Of
this second crop OF scab could be found,
while on unsprayed apples 4 was al
most universal.
Bitter rot developed TO only a slight
extent on the station grounds. about the
time the fruit was gathered. Generally
throughout the state e was very bad.
The only case in which we had an op-
portunity TO test the efficacy Of the bor-
dezux mixture for this disease was on
some Famcuse trees. These trees were
sprayed (as outlined for seab. Al the
time Of gathering in autumn. the fol-
lowing percentages Of fruit. sprayed
with two four and siN-pound solutions.
were affected with bitter rot. Tn
sprayed trees 81 per cent affected
sprayed with two-pound solution 81
per cent, tour-Pound solution 81 per
cent. aud six-Pound solution 5 per
cent affected. Since this disease do
veioped so late In the soaSon. no other
experiments were carried on to check
q except TO thoroughly spray two trees
just before the fruit was gathered. with
ammoniaeal copper carbonate solution.
II il expected that this will lessen the
amount Of bitter rot next season In
1856 more extensive experiments for
this destructive disease viii Be pur-
sued In several orchards
The black rot OF the grape was more
readily controlled by the use Of bor-
other fungcus diseases. The plum rot
was most successfully managed by
spraying with the bordeaux mixture
until the fruit reached nearly full slre
and then spraying weekly, during the
ripening period with the ammoniaeai
copper carbonate solution. The reason
for using the latter solution at that
time was because II left no sediment
on the fruit at the time OF gathering.
as did the bordeaux mixture
We sometimes hear OF unsuccessful
results from spraying. bat these er-
periments show. while all diseases can
not be Immediately and totally eradi-
Gated. that continued spraying will
kttuIaIuo pru sq lpU uoIlrls sg,
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sprayed according to directions. but
that there was moro scab on his sprayed
than on his unspTayed trees. A careful
examination Of apples from his orchard
revealed the fact that they were badly
burned lprobably by impure chemicals
or too strong = mixturel. but there was
no trace of fiJngous disease In his fruit.
Very common mistakes arc the use OF
impure chemicals. allowing the ingre-
dents to settle so the hrst trees get
none an dthe last trees too much Of
the chemicals. improper mixing OF the
solutions, usig the wrong solution. and
failing to spray at just the proper
time
The cost of these spraying mixtures
and spray pumps Is very small, and the
labor involved is very slight. There is
no single investment that will pay such
profits on she general farm as syste-