davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27
HOW TT STANDS,

All of the states and territories hav-
ing chosen their delegates to the demo-
cratic national convention, which meets
in Chicago on Tuesday, July z, we pre-
sent the following compilation as most
accurately showing the respective
strength of the free coinage and gold
standard membership of the convention:
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

doubtful state. So 1t viii be seen that out
of the fourteen states that will be backing
Mr.. Whitney at Chicago there is not a
single safely democratic state. If Mr.
Whitney was permitted TO write the plat
form and name the candidate at Chicago
We don't believe there would be a single
electoral vote in the entire fourteen states
elected by the democrats in November.
Backed up by the delegations from these
fourteen states, and one of them claimed
on doubtful grounds, Mr.. Whitney and
his associates propose to go to Chicago
for what? To persuade or otherwise in
huenee the delegations from Alabama,
Arkansas, California, Florida Georgia,
Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas.
Kentucky, Louisiana. Mississippi, Mis-
souri,, Montana, Nebraska, North Caro-
lima, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon South
Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vir-
ginia, Washington, West Virginia and
Wyoming to abandon their instructions
and vote to accept the republican doctrine
of gold monometallism as a; democratic
principle. Has more absurd pFoposition
ever before been presented 70 the Ameri-
can public for consideration? The only
thing about it worthy of consideration is
the utter righteousness of it.
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27
The Car Company Protests.

Admission, June 26.-{special.) THE
county board of tax equalization re-
Gently raised the assessed valuation Of
the United States Car company proper
ty from $4,000 to 5000. 900, and Super
intendent o. M. Stinson, his attorney,
Mr.. J. J. Willett. and a lot of witnesses
wera in Jacksonville before the board
this morning in connection with the mat
ter, the company objecting to the raise.
The board of equalization has not yet
announced a decision in the matter
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

Mr.. Whitney is quoted as saying: 'Tn
the language of General Sherman, I will
not run If nominated nor serve If elect
ed" Mr.. Whitney has Mr.. Sherman's
principles as well as his language, and
will not be embarrassed with a nominal
tion.
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27
PUBLIC SPEAKING.

1 Hon. Joseph F. Johnston. democratic
nominee for governor, will address the
people at the following times and places:
+, Edwardsville, Cleburne county, Mon
day, July 6, 10 a. m.
Wedowee, Randolph county, TUESDAY,
July z.
Blake's Ferry Devaughans store),
Randolph county, Wednesday, July 8,
Ashland, Clay county, Thursday, July
8, 10 a. m.
Newsite. Tallapoosa county. Thursday,
July 8. night.
Dudleyville TaIlapoosa county, Fri
day, July 10, 10 a. m.
s JOHN b. KNOX,
Chm State Democratic Campaign Com.
Hon. Joseph F. Johnston, democratic
nominee for governor, and Hon. John o.
Turner, democratic nominee for superin-
tendent of education, will address the
people on the issues of the campaign at
the following times and places:
Wetumpka, Monday, June 20.
Bay Minette, Wednesday, July 1.
Brewton, Thursday, July 2.
Evergreen. Friday July 3.
Butler Springs, Saturday, July A.
JOHN B. KNOX, Chairman.
Capt Joseph F. Johnston and DR.. r.
M. Cunningham will address the citizens
of Mobile Tuesday, June 80
JOHN B. KNOX, Chairman.
Hon. John H. Bankhead will address
the people on the issues of the campaign
at the following times and places:
AtmoreO Escambia county. Friday,
June rs.
Dothan, Henry county, Saturday, June
81.
Ozark, Dale county. Monday, June 20.
Luverne, Crenshaw county, Tuesday,
June 30.
Troy, Pike county, Wednesday, July 1.
Brantley, Crenshaw county, Thursday,
July 2.
Chairman State Democratic Campaign
Committee.
Hon. Jesse F. Stallings will address the
people on the issues of the campaign at
the following times and places:
Brookwood. Tuscaloosa county, Satur-
day, June 27.
Scottsboro, Monday, June 20.
Huntsville, Tuesday. June 80.
Albertville, wednesday, July 1.
Gadsden, Thursday, July 2.
Birmingham. Friday, July 8.
Blocton, Saturday, July 4.
JOHN B. KNOX,
Chairman State Democratic Campaign
Committee.
Hon. w. c. Fits, democratic nominee
for attorney general, will speak at
Eclectic, fillmore county, Monday, Ju-
ly 6. er
Cold Springs, Gilmore county. Tuesday,
July Z.
Cianton, Chiffon county. Wednesday.
July 8.
Maplesville. Thursday. July o.
Centreville. Bib county Friday, July
Pondville. Bibb county. Saturday. Ju-
Hughes MILL Tuscaloosa county. Mon
day. July 49,
Gordo, Pickens county, Tuesday. July
IA. saa
carrollton. Piclxens county, wednes-
Reform. Pickens county. Wednesday.
July Is, night.
Millport, Lamar county, Thursday. July
Vernon, Lamar county, Friday. July II.
Sulligent. Lamar county Saturday,
July Is. 80
Hon. r. M. Cunningham and Hon.
Charles L. Brown will speak at Crews
depot. Lamar county, Saturday, July 4.
Hon. B. L. Hubbard will speak at Ash
land. Clay county. Saturday. July 4.
Gen. e. w. Pettus and Hon. John o.
Turner, democratic nominee for super
intendent of education, will speak at
Eden. st. Clair county, Thursday. Ju-
ly 9.
Lincoln. Talladega county. Friday. July
10
Helm, Cleburne county. Saturday.
July IL.
Brownsville. Blount county. Tuesday.
July IA.
Blount Springs, Rlount county,
Wednesday, July Is. ~ W
Cullman. culiman county. Thursday.
b Danville. morgan county. Eiday. July
IL
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

Russell says at the request of Whitney
and others he is going to Chicago to
fight for the gold standard. Mr.. Russell
might go in his back yard and drill a lit
tie to advantage to the music of Johnny
Get Your Gun" 1t will be sure enough
fight before Mr.. Russell carries the Chi
cago convention for the gold standard.
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27
Fine Slate Quarry Discovered.

Admission, June 6-(Special)-A large
quarry OF very fine ana easily accessible
slate has been discovered on the lands
OF Thomas L Houser, about five miles
north of the city and near the Southern
railway.
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

The New York Sun says: THE Hon.
Marcus Agamemnon Hanna has bowled
merrily along on roller skates SO far, but
there may be bumps to come. Does he
suppose for moment that the Union
League club will allow him to wear a
diamond pin of almost chandelier size
and Illuminating power? Does he
imagine that applicants for job are to
be dazzled or discounted by the glitter
of that stone or quarry or glass works.
or whatever it is? No, mol Tear down
that Haunting pin. Substitute something
beautiful in fan-shaped pampas grass
Down with the diamond and up with the
grass"
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

A Nebraska woman in advertising for
a husband explains that she owns a good
job office and can set type.-Dallas (Tex.)
News
If the Nebraska lady will insert an ad-
vertisement in the want column of the
Roanoke (Ala.) Toiler, Wedowee, she
might hear something to her advantage.
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

I The republican leaders are advising the
gold standard democrats not to be
caught mapping at the Chicago conven-
tion
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27
PoPulITR OPPORTUNITY.

If Mr.. Goodwin could be elected gov
ernor of Alabama 1t would be considered,
and rightly considered, that he had been
elected by republicans. 1t would not be
q victory for honest money, but a de-
feat. The alliance now existing between
the Mckinley republicans and the pop
ulites is an utterly unnatural one. Good
wyns victory would not be triumph
for Mckinley. 1t would be something of
a dog fall.
On the other hand were the honest
populites in Alabama to come out now
and declare their purpose to stand by
the Chicago nominee 1t would be the
signal for the disarmament of the popu-
lite organization throughout the United
States and the lining up of all men who
are opposed to Mckinley and his methods
and policies.
The populites profess to favor free
coinage, and yet putting out a ticket of
their own is the only danger to the sue
cess of bimetallism. With the union of
all men who agree on this question Nc
Kinley would not carry ten states in the
entire union. The democrats will win,
anyhow, but with the return of the popu-
lites the victory would be overwhelming.
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27
NOTABLE FOR ITS RIpICuLousNEss

Now that the work of selecting dele
gates to the national democratic conven-
tion is over, and the contest between the
advocates of the gold standard and the
advocates of bimetallism within the ranks
Of the party has come to an end, 1t can
be seen what task Mr.. Whitney and his
associates have undertaken.
The gold standard people have succeed
ed in carrying fourteen states, including
Michigan. If it develops that they did
not carry Michigan fairly the total num-
Der of states in which the democracy
has shown desire to adopt the repub-
lican doctrine of gold monometallism as
a democratic principle will be reduced
from fourteen, the number now claimed,
to thirteen.
When we take into consideration the
fact that there are forty-five states in the
union. and that the kind of democrats
represented by Mr.. Whitney have only
carried fourteen of them, we see at a
glance that he has undertaken hard
job. When we go a little further and
take into consideration the record the
party has made in those fourteen states
in the past we see the utter ridiculous
ness of Mr.. Whitney's undertaking.
states whose delegations will be on the
ground to hold up Mr.. whitney's hands
while he attempts to strike down the free
silver craze in Chicago: Connecticut,
Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachu-
sets. Minnesota, New Hampshire, New
Jersey New York, Pennsylvania. Rhode
Island, Vermont, Wisconsin. and claimed,
but not conceded. Michigan. OF these
fourteen states not single one can now
be counted as certain to go for democracy
on any platform. New York has in the
past now and then gone democratic in
national elections but only when It was
permitted to make the platform and name
the candidate. New Jersey, Delaware
and Connecticut have sometimes gone
democratic in the past but could hardly
be counted ON this year even as fight
ing grounds for the national democracy
on any platform. Maryland went repub-
lican last year for the first time since re-
construction. and must be considered a
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

Hartselle, Morgan county,, Saturday,
July Is. JOHN B. KNOX,
Chairman
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

Capt. Joseph F. Johnston and DR.. r.
M. Cunningham will address the citizens
of Mobile Tuesday. June go
JOHN B. KNOX, Chairman
Birmingham state herald. (Birmingham, Ala.) 1895-1897, 1896-06-27

Hon. r. M. Cunningham and Hon.
Charles L. Brown will speak at Crews
depot. Lamar county, Saturday, July 4.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
GUESTS OF THE CITY.
Prominent Chicagoans win Enjoy Few
Hours in the Magnolia CITY

Prominent Chicagoans VIII Enjoy Few
Hours in the Magnolia CITY
The Illinois club, composed Of prominent
business men OF Chicago. Will reach ms
CITY about o'clock this morning by spe-
cial train over the Southern Pacific rom
the West ,-o..,, In
The party numbers about l1 people' ~
Guiding wives and daushters ana swell
hearts of the club members ihsE ar
On route homeward from an extchdtu "a, ~
ctirsion through Mexico and are traNIinf
In n special train composed OF SIN Iuil
mans and one haggabc car me Taih
viii proceed 10 Galveston over inc hat
weston, Houston and Henderson, WheI@
the ncrning will he spent enjoying M
sights and scenes Of the Island Guy ana
an excursion to tho jetties. ana return 10
Houston at o'clock this afternoon,
Tho Houston business league MS ar
ranged to entertain the ChlcaSoans -
their guests for tho afternoon nclesa-
tinn from the league will meet inc ,NJ,Is.
ern visitors at tine international anu o.eat
northern depot upon the return lro tn
Galveston and chapcrone them arounu
the city. \ trolley car excursion VIII pe
a feature of the afternoons entertain
mont, >-ar, Orleans
about 1890 r. m. tonight ; seconu srVtiIn
Of the regular east bound sunset tram
leaving here at d:55 p. m.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
BLACKLIsTING is ILLEGAL.


A Discharged Conductor Secures Judg-
ment Against the Road.
W. +. Wilets, a conductor on the Flor-
da East Coast. has won suit against that
road in the United States circuit court
which may establish n precedent in the
matter of blacklistng railroad employees.
The decision is especially important be
cause there is now in the Indiana courts
"A suit for blacklist against f. G. Oar
lington, superintendent Of the Indianapolis
division of the Panhandle.
Wlets voluntarily left the service OF the
East Coast to accept "A better position on
the South Florida, and he quit on two
days notice Three days after entering
the employ Of the South Florida he was
discharged, without any reason being
given. The conductor learned, however,
that because X. Y. Goff, superintendent
Of tho East Coast. had sent a circular let
ter to the officials of other Florida roads,
asking that Willets he not employed sub
sequently he applied in vain for employ,
ment to every railroad in the state, tnd
then brought suit for damages In $4,000,
The acton brought out an important de-
cision from the judge, TIE defense set
up the claim that Goffs letter was per-
rcnal act for which the corporation could
not be held responsible. The court held
that, as Golf was the corporations agent,
il was responsible for his action. The
blacklisted conductor got damages Tor
Sl7sO
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
HEADLIGHT FLASHES.

Dispatches from San Francisco say tina,
TIE sentiment of leading men IN an
branches of business are now strongly III
favor OF the bill providing for the fuhulh6
of the Pacific railways debt TO the gov
ernment 1t Is said to be the general
opinion that this course would promote
the prosperity of the Pacific coast ana Oh
San Francisco i'll particular.
The all-absorbing topic in local railway
circles yesterday was prize nghtlns anu
tine III Paso engagement. All the runway
officials interested IN such affairs are an
sent from the city on important busl-
ness errauds in West Texas and tray
cling passenger and freight agents ma
buslnt IS extremely quiet east OF the poruer
town for the present hence their non
appearance In this city. Local disratchers
and operators amused themselves ana inc
inquisitive by issuing all manner oil iake
bulletins of the mill.
The railroads are figuring on a heavy
travel eastward on account OF the Maiul
Gras celebration at New Orleans next
representatives are busy locking after Tn,
handling of this traffic. The Southern
Paciiic viii carry about four extra run
mans on It's eastbound train tonight 10
accommodate the eXcursionists. Judging
from the sale of tickets an extra train may
have to be put on sunday night.
Arrangements for the transportation OF
the members of the Denver Mining EN-
change to New York have been changed
and the party will travel in three Pun
mans ON regular trains instead OF ny
special train. The eXcursionsts left Den
yer yesterday morning and Will reach
Houston over tho houston ana Texas
Central from Fort Worth sunday morn
ing The three cars Will he attached 10
the southern Pacific regular train and 30
thence to New York via the Louisville
aud Nashville and Seaboard Air Line.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
PITTsBURG AND GUILE.

Election Of Officers Construction Work
Progressing Very Rapidly.
AT a meeting OF the directors OF the
Kansas City. Pittsburg and Gulf Railway
company the following officers were
elected for the ensuing year Il. L. Mar
tin, president; a. T.. Stilwel first vice
president: 6. Nj. Titsingh, second vice
president; T.. T. Stotesbury, third vice
president; William S. Taylor secretary
and treasurer
The construction of the Kansas City,
Pittsburg and Gulf, which is building
south through Texas to Sabine Pass on
the gulf, has been very rapid. Some two
miles of track are now being laid daily
and it is the Intention of the company
and one of the conditions Of the contract
with the builders to have the line COM
plcted to the gulf by next September.
Sol miles. Construction work as far as
Shreveport is well advanced and the road
will be In operation TO that point by the
first OF next month. This WIN add about
leaves about 2l5 miles to he built to carry
the road to Port Arthur. the terminus on
the gulf.
l.. j, Smith. who has the contract for
the construction of l0o miles of track on
the south end, has commenced work from
Port Arthur and Is grading the line north
toward Beaumont in the direction of
Shreveport. Several miles are ready for
the rails and track laying viii he com
menced upon the arrival of the Steel
which is expected daily from the mills.
Washington. February 1.-THE presi-
dent has approved the act granting. to
Railroad company the right to construct
a railway and telegraph and telephone
business in the Indian Territory: also to
authorize the use of Whtelot in Washing
ton for the encampment of Christian
E,ndpa
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
IN THE RAILWAY WORLD.
The Santa fe May Get the Houston
East and West Texas Road.
EARNINGS OF THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC
'"tsourg and Gulf Election Illinois CIul,
hAc"rsion-Headiigh t Flashes.
Personals.

IL Is expected that negotiations pendin,
Tor some time relative to the sale Of tho
Houston, East and West Teyas railyav
are about to he closed and that Tho nro,'
etty VIII shortly pass into the hands of
"eM owners Jnst who the new owners
VIII DC is not positively known, but re-
cent developments would indicate that Mo
nuii' Noiorauo and Santa Fc mas secured
the option and contamination of tho
zeal may be looked for In a few davs
me death of Colonel +. S. Jemison. proa.
ldent and principal owner OF the Houston
East and West Texas. has preeinit,tca
me sale OF the property, and it Is s,il
the sale will be made very shortly.
III mas heen known for some time that
'he shreveport road was for sal, and II
was also known that the Kansas CIV
fittspurS and Gulf had made advances
with view OF occurring this valuable pieco
ol property The officers OF the Pittsburp
ana CUR were very favorably Impressed
with the road, which would give them en-
trance into Houston. besides valuable
terminals in this city and Shreveport.
The Information comes from what 10
deemed reliable source that the sarta
fe Is very anxious TO secure nossessiop
OF the property. which In the hands of
TINS company would prove a valuable
acquisition to the Santa Fe ana could be
made paying piece Of property. The
East and West traverscs a rich section
OF East Texas. and If secured by the Santa
re would give that road control of the
immense lumber traffic Of the pinerles OF
East Texas
1t is known that the Queen and Crescen.
wants the Houston East and West Texas
and has been known in the transaction for
some time. Among the three roads said
to be figuring on the property, 1t was
expected some time ago that the Kansas
city, Pittsburg and Gulf would buy the
property and Il was stated at one time
that the price had been agreed upon but
for some reason or other the Pittsburg
and Gulf people seemed to have eased up
in their efforts, and 1t s said the Santa
Fc is about to secure the plum.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
AMONG RAILROAD MEN.

Travelling Passenger Agent j. j. O'Don-
nell of the Atlanta and West Point. re-
turned TO headquarters here yesterday
from "A several Gays trip through North
ana East Texas.
j. C. Gregory. division superintendent of
was In the city yesterday caring for In
ternational and Galveston, Houston ana
Henderson affairs.
General Superintendent Il. Il. Calvin OF
the International and Great Northern,
came down from Palestine yesterday ana
spent the day with local officials ana
looking after the interests OF his ROAD.
u. G. Weathcrby. representative OF the
American Refrigerator Transit company,
was at headquarters yesterday from a
tour Of his territory. He reports business
as picking up somewhat, with Indications
OF Il prosperous spring trade.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
SHORI TEXAS SPECIALS.

firbt b,nns hG-Oscar Hanson had his
c,r nsnu cut off with boiling saw
charIsss s 81 LLE--rhe jury in the case of
tuned a saller charged with murder. re-
W. W. a verdict of not guilty.
,hree nIoD- John Edwards. colorcd, living
bis ya,,n, eS vast OF town, was thrown from
pocs Son ana crushed to death.
N,ssieMnMs,A all. Rockwell county is
he land ~, Win a lawsuit which involves
sed y" which the court house Is stu
low seryIn,,, LIFT orge Murrell. negro,
,nct cous, here to appear before the dis.
isiy and 90 re pleaded guilty to burg
Gas s,ars selling fire to b. d. Knox &
kntence Of s sast summer and received a
lfeseut term 'S Sn years. He is serving his
'" from GrdySon county.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15

foot; tho Mont Cents. the next In date
cost 1856 foot; the st. Gothard cost sly
a foot. and the Alherg, the latest In date
cost only sl5t foot. This rapid decrease
In cost within comparatively few years
is a marked indication of the great prog
ress IN mechanical methods and improve.
ment in rock eScavating and tools. a still
more striking result exists In the case OF a
tunnel through the Cascade mountains,
on the line OF the Northern Pacific. The
tunnel. which is l6ie feet wide. Y rect
high and $3.50 feet long. was bored through
the mountains In twenty-five months, at
the rate of il3 feet u month, and at a cost
of the completed tunnel OF only Sis a
fc.,t
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15
THE HOTELS.
The Lawlor-Hates $3.50 ana 81 per
day. james LnMInr. prnnrieInr.

A. NJ Mcdonald. San Antonio; +. \.
Hyatt, Sabine Pass: j. a. Morris, San An
ionic; \, Reinhart, Switzerland; j. b.
zones, Des Moncs; j. w. Allison, Hous-
ton; John NJ. Newton, Chattanooga; ".
4 Osborne Dallas; Lewis Hancon, Aus
lni 2 Cariiedge Austin; d. c. Glddings,
Brenham; Holmes Cummings, Texas: A
smoot, Austin; George b. Zimploman,
TEXAS Miss Bella Kopperl, Austin: II.
Jenkins and wife, Kansas City; William
haleiton st. Louis; Fred Smith, Texas.
sam II. Hill, Manor; Il. Schley, Atlanta,
ia; L. y. Hooper and wife. San Antonio;
I. L. Chapman, Cuero; W. l.. Shelton,
ysEeston; w. n. Ewing, Kansas CITY:
senh Is. RoSson, Fort Worth: Paul
hooper, Dallas; w. l.. Mcbride, San An
nMo; p. Moore. Ennis; Arthur De
AMIN, city, J. $. MacNamara san An
Io, John j. Cahll, Texas; NJ. Miller
1ulsvlle; James Arbercker Arkansas
ISL Lewis Walker, Chicago; Paul $.
aNhn' New York; Charles Art2, Galvcs-
N; ]. p. 0'Dounell New York; Allen T..
ameroh' Galveston; stephens Knight.
sNer n. Il, Blevns. Rusk: IL. n. Bes-
=, Denver 5. n. Butcher, Syracuse, n
M /, /, &, Herschberger Galveston; o.
SSelett, Pittshurg kan; r. j. Murray
sssaNeslon; l.. +. Richardson Springfield;
S W. >. )reNtus. Galveston; C. W
hren, Beaumont; Phil G. Clark, New
lofS; ]. 5. Polk, Beaumont: II. W. Law
IN w, New York; j. II. Russell and wife
Io'sup ONO nr. j. +. Morris. Crowley,
a; Phll c. Campbell. Pittsburg. Kan:
H. I, sapper, Erie, Pa
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1896-02-15

u,icton. Colonel Tom, as he T. Familiarity
lestic admrer of the art OF self-defensc
anu III the language of himself is quite
graceful and somewhat effective twlrler
pI the smittens. He has been on the
self in the arrangements making for the
carnival while not engaged closing con-
uacts With prospective travellers over his
NJ, ~ ,an. The. !arye delegation of railway
solourning i'll FL Paso nave
placed themselves under the PROTECTING
Wings and guidance OF the Colonel. anu
d dIs friends at home are kept posted as TO
developments by wire. w