davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31
COURTESY IN PUBLIC CONVEY
ANCES.

We heard. the other day, an animal
ed discussion of the often repeated
statement that American men are less
courteous to women than they formerly
we're, less deferential in manner, less
thoughtful of the conventionalities, less
solicitous to please women. and to sur
round them with the mute observances
which show the reverent care of the
stronger for the weaker. One woman
insisted that one need look no further
than the ladies cabins" of our ferry
boats and our crowded elevated rail.
way cars for proof of her position.
Delicate women hustled and pushed
and almost borne off their feet in the
cabins appropriated to their use and in
very irony labeled with their name,
while their fellow passengers. coated
and hated and booted strongly and sub
stantially, after the manner of men,
ssrenely read the newspaper. take maps,
chat about the tariff, do everything, in
fact, except smoke, in the seats designed
for women.
The other side of the argument was
stoutly maintained by another woman,
who was equally convinced of her logi-
cal position. She declared that man
who had paid for seat was entitled to
it, and was not bound by any rule of
politeness, nor by any tradition she
knew Of, to resign his right to fellow
traveller who happened to be a woman.
A tired man WAS probably as tired as
woman. as little able to stand and cling
and be- jostled. She thought that age
aud feeb eness in either sex demanded,
and usually received, special consider
alton. but that it should be accorded on
grounds OF mere sentiment she denied.
Driven into corner, she admitted that
H. wes pleasant to be courteously treated
because of ones womanhood, and that
from what people told her-older peo-
ple-she supposed there used to be more
courtesy than there now is.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31
COMMON SPICES.

A preserve is made of young roots of
ginger.
The pepper plant flowers in June and
the crop is gathered in January.
The first cloves mentioned in Europe
we're brought from the east in 1921
Four species of plants produce capsi-
cum, or the red pepper Of commerce.
The common black pepper berry grows
on a climbing vine which attains a
length of from II to 20 feet.
In India and many eastern countries,
down to the present century, tribute was
frequently paid in pepper.
The cardamon seeds of commerce
come from India, Java, Ceylon and
many tropical islands of the east.
Cinnamon is raised extensively not
only in Ceylon, but in many parts of In
di3, in Siam, Java and Sumatra.
Caraway seeds are used in favoring
confectionery and as favor for liq-
uors, bread, cakes and other articles of
food.
There are two annual cinnamon har-
vests-the first in May. the second in
November when the shoots are cut and
peeled.
The long nutmeg is entirely devoid
of flavor, but is frequently mixed in con-
siderable quantities with the short nut
meg.
A nutmeg tree of the largest size will
produce no more than five pounds of nut.
megs and one to two pounds of mace at
crop.
There were imported into this country
in the year 1894 s2,252 553 worth of
spices, all of which were consumed in
our food.
In medical practice small doses Of
nutmeg are regarded as a stimulant.
large doses as narcotic. 1t is some
times used as substitute for opium. -
ST. Louis Globe Democrat
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31
LONDON'S WATER SUPPLY.

The water-supply system of London
is capital instance of the superhuman
patience with which Englishmen endure
the shortcomings of officialdom. The
London County Council, unlike the
other municipalities Of the kingdom,
has nothing to do with water. Parlia.
ment has created a monopoly and the
metropolitan rate payer is helpless.
His wat or is supplied to him by eight
private companies, whose united efforts
provide thirty-one gallons day per
head, whereas sufficient supply is esti-
mated at thirty-fve gallons. OF these
companies the East London is the worst
The East London Water Company is
constantly being taken by surprise. In
the hard winter of 1894-95 it complained
Of the cold. In the fine summer of 1895
it complained of the heat, and this year
it practically gave up all attempt to sup
ply its customers with what they bar
gained for. A water famine in the
6hSI Guu is al duuudi cNoHt, anu III
time, perhaps, the tardy London rate
payers may wake up to the danger of
their apathy and Indifference. London
pays for its water Sl1,000,000 a year,
though the working expenses of the
companies amount only to 100000.
About 100000 is paid away in divi-
dends, on capital Of something over
$75,000,000 and for this investment the
companies are modestly asking to be
bought out at Sl75,0O0.O00. One has
only to turn to the provinces to see how
far London lags behind the rest of
Great Britain. Glasgow bought out its
water companies forty years ago, and
can now boast an available daily supply
of 100000 gallons for a population of
$4,000 at a total expenditure of $4,000,
0O0-a daily supply, that is, of nearly
sixty gallons per head. Manchester.
Birmingham, Liverpool, Leeds, all tell
the same tale. Almost every town of
any size in the kingdom owns it's own
water-works and provides about forty
gallons day per head, with ample re-
serves in the case of drought. Only
London accepts an uncertain thirty gal
Ions day from monopolist companies.
one of the largest of which frequently
fails to maintain its supply. The other
towns have sought pure water at spots
far removed from habitation; London
continues to draw its supply from the
polluted valleys of the Thames and the
Lea. The other towns are looking ahead
and making ample provision for in
crease of population and consumption;
London, being so much occupied with
the helplessness of the present. has not
turned thought towards the future.
All her inhabitants can do is to pay
their rates and be thankful for such
water as they can get.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31
FARM, GARDEN AND DAIRY.
Instructive Reading for Agriculturists.
PREPARED EXPRESSLY FOR "THE UNIvERsALIST."

exercise will not prevent their growing
into value all the while.
The cost for service is the only differ.
ence in the cost between a good mule
and poor one. The-difference is small
in comparison to their different values
when it comes to selling them. To pro-
cure the most profit the best must be
raised; to raise the best it is necessary
to have the mares bred to good jack.
Sometimes the weight of the shoe has
much to do with making our young
horses weary soon. They step too long,
and out of their natural gait. Let good
judgment be used in this respect, es-
pecially with the colts.
Horses seldom get long enough rest
at midday. Especially during the warm
days let the teams be started very early
in the morning, that they may have two
hours rest at noon. More work will be
done than if they are kept on the move
straight though the working hours as
they are usually measured
1t gives one satisfaction continually
to know that his work team is capable
and trustworthy in all emergencies. 1t
saves much time to have one strong
enough to pull any reasonable load with
comparative ease, or to do a heavy days
work without harm to them. This is
the only kind of horse for the farmer to
grow now, either for his own use or for
sale.
There is more in feeding horses than
most farmers imagine. Invariably they
should be watered before they are fed
grain. IL watered after, some of the
grain will be washed down. past all op-
portunity to be properly digested and
assimilated. This is bad for the animal,
and sorry waste of good material.
1t is the common custom with farm
ers to keep hay before their horses con-
tinually. Beside being wasteful, this
practice is injurious to horses that are
large eaters. If not at work, they will
sometimes founder upon it. 4 better,
safer and cheaper way is to give them
all the good wheat oat OF barley straw
they will eat. during the winter. with a
proper ration of oats or other grain.
American cities will grow, and Ameri-
can industries extend. The horse is in
creasing in popular demand every day
as our factories grow and our industries
develop. There is no question about it
more horses and better horses will be
required to do the work.
When the people of this great Nation
return to full work again the work of
the draft horse will increase in the same
proportion. If there is not supply of
animals of this class. there is no danger
that buyers will fall back to the cheap
er kind. Those who have heavy draft
horses in year or two from now will get
importation prices.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31

Wheat screenings may supply bulk
but they give very little nourishment.
He who depends upon such food for
flock will not have flock to feed very
long. Damaged grain of any kind should
never he fed to poultry.
Chicks require more liberal feeding,
and oftener, than grown fowls. as they
are making flesh, muscle, bone and
feathers at the same time. For these
reasons they require good supply of
varied and nourishing diet.
In winter green food of some nature
is necessary for egg production. Any
kind Of vegetable can be served for the
purpose. If the flock can have access to
field of growing rye or crimson clover
it will meet their requirements.
When fattening fowls for market corn
can be used in varied forms. They relish
cold mush. Mixing corn meal with
scalding water, or boiling the whole
grain until soft. or shelled corn in it's or
binary state. are all good. Celery tops
are the best vegetable adjunct at this
time.
1t has been demonstrated that il one
flock. during the winter, be fed with
warm grains. and another with cold,
that the former will produce during the
season more than twice the number Of
eggs as the other. and will be even much
finer in appearance.
There are two extremes. You can not
let your poultry roost in trees in winter,
nor can you shut them up in over
crowded houses, and then expect sue
cess. Success does not lie on either of
these routes.
Do not lose time in grading up when
you can buy pure bred fowls as cheaply
as now. Neither is it we'll to keep the
hens longer than the second year. Save
enough young pullets that the mothers
may be finished up for market.
The biddies will soon have done
moulting and will begin to lay eggs
worth % cents a dozen; but they will
not lay if covered with lice. You lack
oOmO VI thO AOdA yOu hoA WAOn 1Ou
counted the chickens before they were
Matched, but they may pay you yet. You
have had as good luck" as you had a
right to expect, if you have not exercised
care above the average.
If the hens are laying now the eggs
can be kept in cool place for two
weeks, until the prices begin to advance.
II the hens are we'll provided for, ii g
returns will be good even from a small
flock. No use giving up even if the pro-
ceeds are not going to lift the large note
upon which you bad figured.
The hens kept for the producing of
future stock should be Of the best. 1t is
unwise to use eggs for Matching unless
these eggs are from certain hens which
are known to be not only prolific, but
have shown themselves capable OF pro.
ducing hardy, strong and vigorous off
spring. In short, breeders should be
tested. just as with any other stock.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31
STOCK.

When large numbers OF stock are fed
together the stronger will continually
crowd away the weaker ones. The
weaker fail to procure enough to keep
in good thrifty condition. Such an un.
equal division causes an increase in the
cost. II is better to divide up into rea-
sonably small lots. according to size,
age and condition.
Mules can be used for some purposes
on the farm while they are growing.
thus paying for their feed while getting
ready for market. OF course, they must
not be overworked or abused. Proper
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31

of cold and hunger within sight and
sound of her own kind. The news
paper woman glanced at the page
again, and suddenly name seemed
to rise from it and strike her like a
blow.
She turned, to find Tim standing
at her elbow-Tim, looking slightly
awed, but full of Importance. "That's
the woman, Miss Herrick," he said,
nodding toward the newspaper that
lay before her. 81 came to tell you
as soon as | saw it. | took some of
her poems to the city editor, and he
is going to print them in the next
edition."
The Original poems" came out in
the next edition, with additional facts
about the victim of cold and starva-
in the Jersey hills. She seemed to
have had no acquaintance in the vii
lage. The little children knew her,
and many of them had homemade
playthings which she had given them.
Their parents had noticed the tall,
gaunt figure passing through the vii
lage streets, and several of them re-
called the smile that was the woman's
one beauty.
They had not called on her
neither they nor she seemed to have
thought of that. And they had not
missed her during the week pre-
ceding her death, for it had been SO
cold that few of the women or chill
dren had ventured out. But at last
some one had noticed that there was
no light in the small, isolated house,
and investigation showed that there
had been none for a week, nor had
there been food or fire. And so they
found her.
Miss Herrick read no more. Her
vivid imagination filled in the pic
ture. She saw the women who had
followed her illness with affectionate
sympathy" waiting her own fate
with grim pride which not even
death could'conquer. She thought
of the DAYS and nights of physical
and mental agony before the end
came. She pictured to herself that
last night, when darkness fell and
the storm deepened, and was defied
by light and warmth and comfort in
all the homes but one. She could
see that one.
The door of the office banged
cheerfully as the editor of the Search
lights woman's page came in, pull
ing the collar of her jacket up around
her throat.
"Come out to dinner, Ruthie," she
called, gayly. II have to work to-
night, and [ need the cheering in
fiuence of your society while I eat"
Then, seeing the girls face, she
stopped suddenly, and her own ex-
preston changed. "Wny, what's the
matter dear9" she asked, putting her
hand affectionately on her friends
shoulder.
Miss Herrick laid her cheek against
it, and closed her eyes with little
sob.
81 should not be cheerful dir ner
companion tonight, Helen" she
said. II have just found Miss Hope
Abbott" -Harper's Bazaar.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-10-31

T a, which rivals coffee in favor, is
a native of China, where it has been
grown for over 1000 years. Pepys men
tions having drank it in 1860, showing
that it was then a novelty.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1896-10-22
Bismarck as 4 Joker.

The following incident in the life
Of the iron chancellor recently ap-
peared IN one OF the New York
papers:
"Bismarck and friend, after .
heavy days shooting. sa, together
slipping their wine and comparing
notes Of their days adventures Bis
murck's friend complninei that he )
was excessively tired and would be
unable to ge. mp at z o clock tho next
morning To JON the sport Bismarck
assured him that he would see that ho
got up at the right time. whether he
wonll or not.
"On returning TO their bedrooms.
which adjolned each other. he barred
aud barricaled his door. TO prevent
| Bismarck from carrying out his
threat.
a, haf-pat 6 IN the following
morning the chancellor knocked at
the door, calling on his friend to get
mp His friend didn't. bat turned
on hispillow t. enjoy another snooze
Then Bismarck seized bis gnn. vent
into the yard and fred through the
window Of his frIend's bedroom, hit
ting the ceiling above the bed. aud
bringing shower Of plaster down on
tue mead and shoulders OF the sleeper.
''In the greatest alarm his friend
arose and looked out Of the window
10 see what WAS the matter. Seeing
uotoiv. he hastily donned his cioths.
and ran down stair. Here be met
Bismarck. uno graveIy babe him
good morning and Aided: hope
you sept well !, is !as' striking 7. "
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1896-10-22
The HAppieSt Age.

A correspondent asks: "What do
yon regard AS the lappiest age?' Hap
piness as We understand it, is both
quantltative and qualitative. 1t is al
SO comparative. The youthful live
largely in the future, imagining they
Will fine happiness there, while the
aged live IN the past, recalling happy
days gone by The happiness of the
dear old grandfather Is in his young
est grandcLlld, provided always that
the child is within reach If the Old
man be not grandfather his happi-
ness IS in his "reminiscences.
Happiness is never today. 1t is al
ways yesterday or tomorrow. It has
no present-only past and future
The happiness of the boy is the prom
ise Of manhood. The appincss Of the
girl is her lover. The happiness iof
the wife is t he promise of N Motherhood,
that Is, If she be the right kind Of
vile. Ihe happiness OF man Is sue
cess-always yet to be attained. The
| happiness Of child is the hope Of
doing as it pleases without fear of the
slipper or switch.
Happiness Is the dream of some
thing long cherished that we are going
TO have, or Ihe rccollections Of some
/ youthful Accomplishment now entirely
impossible tc us Whether the bov
is happier than the man Will always be
a mooted question. There comes in
qualitative happiness. UnGu.stion-
ably the man has greater Capacity
for enjoyment than the boy, and, on
the other hand, the limitation of the
BOYS field ot knowledge brings IL
comparative happiness.
There sto 80 many artificial aids tc
happiness il, these days that we hest
tate TO pronounce for any particular
age AS tie hAppiest. But the reaction
that follows sound thrashinC at th.
age Of seven IS worth living for.-Nev
York Press.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1896-10-22
SCIENTIFIC SCRAPS.

A wheel weighing over eighteen
tous has ,st been ;arned on. in ons
II Sheffield Il Is twelve
fee, and a Lsl. IN diameter.
An Ingenious device made in
France Is mlcrophone 50 hung over
baby's cradle ,hs. when il cries an
electric bell Is rung. waking nurse or
mamma
A new ornamented stone called
''rosoli;e" has been discovered in tho
state OF Moselos. 100 miles south Of
the city OF Mexico II 10 = rose- coiored
garnet, imbcdded in marble stone.
Veal is less nu,ritive. possesses more
waste and less fat thah bee! In Ger
many II is considered AS excellent a.
beef and is prescribed for invalids. but
in England and America It 10 thought
harmful for persons with weak diges-
tons
Experiments have shown that "a
tigue produces poison similar 30 that
with winch certain savage tribes tip
their arrowa II the blood of a tired
animal be injected INTO the arteries Of
fresh one the later will i most i'm
mediately exhibit tokens OF fatigue
Underground Ireland is almost un-
known. NJ. Martel. the French cave
explorer. proposes 10 hunt for Irish
caves aud 10 examine those be fluids
thoroughly. He has devised system
Of portable ladders, telephones and
electric lights for cave exploration
A white object Of any size may be
seen IN sunlight at distance OF
seventeen thousand two hundred aud
fifty times its diameter-that Is to
say, if it Is white ball foot in
diameter. It can be perceived al .
/ distance OF seventeen thousand two
/ hundred and nifty feet, or over three
and quarter miles.
1t has been found by experiment
with different colored glasses that
fruits ripen earlier and better under
clear glass than under any other.
Orange glass increases the foliage at
the expense of the fruit. Violet glass,
IN the other haul. increases the
quantity OF the fruit at the cost o!
quality. Il a. blue and green glass
are hnrtfil to all sorts OF vegc,a-
! ton.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1896-10-22

One of the most delicate anil dan.
gerous operations known to modern
surgery is that Of trephining the skull
The laying bare Of the brain and the
caution which. must be exercised not
to touch the gray matter so rs to
create death or injury. renders 1t an
operation which, though IN the hands
Of skilful surgeons not fatal, is rarely
resortea to except IN extreme cases.
To have me hole bored IN ones
skull is bad enough, but there Is
man living in San Francisco who had
the auger forced through the bones
overing the head seven times and
lives to tell about it.
Leland F. Clarke is now business
man OF thirty-two years. When q
child he fell from his nurses arms
and struck his head upon the floor.
Some months ago the effects of the
fall IN babyhood began to appear.
He was subject to constant headaches
that grewmore end more intense and
painful. fand time slipped by.
Finally he felt that it was driving him
crazy.
The case was an unusually difficult
one from the fact that the exact point
Of pressure could not be located from
the outside. The operating surgeon
knew the approximate neighborhood
| to be on the right side Of the head
near the crown, but the exact seat OF
| the trouble was uncertain.
For two days Clarke was under the
| influence of anaesthetics, andDbefore
the pressure was located seven boring
were made through the skull. In th.
end the growth caused by the child
hood fall was found and removed
but it was not expected the patient
would live. But Clark took another
view Of the matter, and while he knew
he ought to die, according to the
doctors, he determined to live, and u
I to-day one Of FrIscos budding busi
ness men.-New York journal.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1896-10-22

Baaana-!eav-s serve nauv useful
purposes, for q them are made ,ough
paper. from the ;nianes; ,lssue 70
.nlckes, cardboard. clothing. hats and
brushes, mats and ham Il ocks Mil
lions 0! pound. Of banana fiber. 1ais-
named Man.la hemp" are eAcn year
brought 10 the Cn..oi States Or taken
~ Europe. and spun into eerdAss
from the snens.. Of six mp through
the size o! :~les 10 ths o1Rness oI
nanou,h cables; and many . dainty
h.ndkerehief sad bi: o. ane Isce has
been woven from the sbers o! baraoa-
leaves by the def: anger. u the woncn
q Sou,h America AID Q. tie !1
East
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1896-10-22
Indians Riding Wheels.

1.-The noble red man may yet be
civilized by means Of bicycles" said
A. l.. Bartlett, of Beatrice, Neb.
"The Otoe tribe have steadily re-.
sisted all efforts to induce them TO be-
come citizens, and their mum bers have
dwindled until but few OF them re.
main. In fact, there are few more
Indians Ia Nebraska now than in New
York and IndlGna. A few days ago
one of the chiefs OF the Otoe tribe
visited Beatrice and became much IN.
terested in bicycles The owner
thought it would be fun t. let the old
Indian learn TO ride, and Il was not
long before the chief had u astered the
az. Then he must have a wheel Of
his own, and not having any money
he traded four ponies for one. He
rode it TO the reservation and next
dav, hnlf a dozen Indians came 10
town, bringing ponies t. trade for
bicvcles Ride faster. No feed,
,hev saw, and when the blcvc.e manu-
.acturers learn Of thus new fed J; j.
probable that they will reap a har
vest, aud the Indians will lay aside
their primitive customs and join the
L A. W. IN BODY -WsshiEgtos 8
Star
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1896-10-22

then slightly dipped into boiling oil
AID when cooled of they are placed
ID tin boxes. which are made in the
factory. These boxes are filed With
oil, hermetically scal,l, and dipped
icto boiling water TO prevent; fcrmen
tasion taking place. Ths last opera.
tlon finished. the boxes are packed IN
wooden cases, filled with savdust, and
are then all ready for sale.
Every factory employs on an aver
age 80 women. % children, aud a.
many men. these latter being tin.
smiths for the mos. part. The women
employed receive very small pay
three or four cents an hour. Those
employed in the boiling process re
ceiye slightly larger salary. this
work being more dangerous and diff
emit