davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26

ested in that question AT present. Come you
should move your property over to Beet0wn
(villageD OF il won't be worth thirteen cents
on the dollar. Poor villagei Her diving
groans can be heard for miles around, her
doom is sealed, her nameis Dennis. T. II. had
his taxes paid when he signei that petition
and We neither know nor care who did not.
II those who have To be brought before the
town board occasionally for not giving in
their property would pay their lust proper
tion OF taxes, il would be easier for those
VINO are late with their taxes Isuppose YOU
know, or should know, who | mean. Please
don't sign your name as 'Tax-Payert = as /
don't believe you ever paid a dollar of tax in
your own name. Town TATrLER
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26

At Marion, March Is, by Rev. n. Sulzer Mr..
Henry Bender anu diss Mary Seebacher.
At Fennimore March ~. by Rev. Loomis,
Mr.. VIM Steinhofer Jr., and Miss Bertha
Lomas,
At Fennimore. March ~ by Rev. Boomis
Mr. Ulysses Walker of Clifton and Miss Mar
garet Hill.
At Platteville. March II. by Rev +. John,
Mr. Ernest Jenty and Miss Anna Blakely.
At Waterloo. March rs by Rev l.. Ellis Mr..
Fred. Chapman and Miss Edna Potter
At Little Grant, Oct 9th 1895. by Rev. J.
Hunter. Mr.. VIM. Hickins and Miss Blanche
Garthwaite.
Al Platteville, Feb. 25. by II w Troy. Mr.
John Louisberg and Miss Sophia Nuremberg.
At Platteville. March 49, by Rev. II. W.
Troy, Mr. Thos. Edge OF Lima and Miss Susie
Lee.
At Waterloo. March H. by John Jamison,
Esq, Mr.. Jacob KIarman and Orla LETTERS.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26
Mothers

Anxiously watch declining health of
their daughters. So many are cut off
by consumption in early years that
there is real cause for anxiety. In
the early stages, when not beyond
the reach of medicine, Hoods Sarsa-
parilla will restore the quality and
quantity of the blood and thus give
good health. Read the following letter:
sit is but just to write about my
daughter Cora, aged 10. She was COM
pletely run down, declining, had that tired
feeling, and friends said she would not
live over three months. She had bad
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26

| have on hand some keystone
field and lawn fencing at Fennimore
and Lancaster, call and examine and
get prices. | am yours for business.
JOHN MCMAHAN. Jr.
Lancaster.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26
ID srArN 81. !. wINoHEL. 81.

State of Wisconsin. County Court Of Grant
County. Ia Probate.
Notice is hereby given, that AZ the special term
of The County Court to be held in and for said
county the Court House in the city of Lam
caster, IN said county the 3rd Tuesday of
April, A d 1896, being The Dist day of April 1886,
at the hour Of o clock Ia the afternoon, the
following matter will be heard and considered:
The application Of VI l.. WincheI Dr. to ad-
mi 10 probate au instrument ia writing purport-
ing To he the last viii and testament of NJ. l..
Winchel. late of the town If Lancaster in said
county, deceased.
By order of the Court.
GEO. b. CARTER
County Judge.
Dated March %, 1896.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26

Fancy silks for waists at Basford's.
The usual spring moving has COM
menced.
a farmer near Griswold's mill is
blowing today
Dr. Glasier Of Bloomington was in
the city Tuesday.
Frank Sehreiner is in Chicago this
week buying goods.
A. j. Buss Of Platteville was in town
the first of the week
Our schools close Friday OF this week
for one weeks vacation.
Mrs. j. M Altizer is visiting with
her parents in Platteville.
The newest, best, and latest spring
millinery at Miss Schloesser's.
New dress goods arriving daily at
the store of C. H. Basford & Co.
Call at Basford's and see the only
Cow Boy overall in the city.
Have you new Easter hat or bonnet;
if not call at Miss. Schloesser's.
Oscar Brady of Bloomington called
on friends in this city Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. B. Showalter spent
Sunday with relatives in Beetown.
Robt. Morse came down from Madi-
son, Saturday for short visit at home
If you wear clothes you ought to be
interested in page eight in this paper.
Farmers can get Spring Wheat for
seed at the Daisy Roller Mills, west of
depot.
/. Philipson and Co. make some in
teresting announcements on the last
page.
Do you like candy? Then try lit
tie of that fine new line at Calls and
Orten's.
Calls and Orton's candies are sweet
er than the making up of lovers
quarrel.
Funke's chocolates and bonbons are
something extra Calls and Orton
sell them.
c. L. Harper came down from Mad
ison Saturday to spend Sunday with
his family.
Mrs. Chas. Weber took trip to
Sioux Falls last week returning home
Saturday.
Miss aura Roberts of Bloomington
visited friends in Lancaster the first
of the week.
If you need anything in soft OF
laundried fancy shirts for gents, &C
to Basford's.
Ed. Budd returned home last Sat.
urday from Milwaukee for his sum
mer vacation.
Get yonr feed ground at the Daisy
Roller Mills. west of depot. Mill
runs every day.
Go to Miss Schloeser's for new spring
millinery; complete assortment just
arrived from Chicago.
Bring your boys and girls and buy
them nice new spring cap. They
have the best at Basford's.
Mrs. Marks, daughter of Richard
Carter of Dodgeyille, has been visiting
with relatives in the city.
Yesterday was Earl Lanes 18th
birthday and he celebrated it by Civ
ing party to his young friends.
Mrs. Lon Wayne and son Harry
visited her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Keene, for several days last week.
The latest thing out-..Almond
Macaroon Powder" guaranteed pure,
at the store of C. H. Basford & Co.
The Ladies Sewing Society of the
Congregational Church will meet with
Mrs L. A Dodd, Friday afternoon.
,. II. hleu anu lave LoItci udfS
started cooper shop on the premises
of the former on North Madison
street.
Edward Budd is home from Mil
waukee. where he is attending a
dental college, for his summer va
cation.
Hugh Gillespie has been rendered
position on street car line in
Chicago and will leave for that city in
a few days.
w. f. Lathrop and A. j. Guernsey
Of Fennimore were in Lancaster Thurs
day on business connected with the
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26

SarS apariIla

Isthe One True Blood Purifier. All druggists 81.
Prepared only bye. I. Hood g. Co., Lowell, Mass.
=, D., are purely vegetable, re-
HOODS Pills liable and beneficial 25c.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26
SHORT LOCAL HAPPENINGS.
MOVEMENTS OF PEOPLE IN AND OUT OF
LANCASTER.

what is Going on Around Town Given in
Condensed Paragraphs Items Wise and
Otherwise
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26

Ed Schreiner and niece, Bessie
Moulton, arrived here from Two Har-
bors yesterday. They are both re-
covering from siege of typhoid few
er. Ed will visit here for few days
and then 20 on to Chicago to buy
goods for their store in Two Harbors,
to which place he expects to return.
Henry West and Father Rossback
of Cassville drove to Lancaster last
Monday evening. The latter assisted
Father Albers in church services on
Tuesday. Mr.. West thinks our city
a model in many respects and COM
mented on the many evidences of its
growth, prosperity and business en-
terprise.
To the list of candidates already
published in the HERALD should be
added the name of H. c. Bryhan of
Lancaster, candidate for register Of
deeds. Mr. Bryhan is farmer Of
South Lancaster and has been assessor
of the town for the past two years
He is not candidate for reelection
this spring but asks the support Of
his friends for place on the county
ticket.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1896-03-26

Prof Chubb delivered a lecture at Belmont
on "Glimpses of Germany"
Pres Chalmers spent part of the week Wis
ting the River Falls Normal School he
also visited the Oshkosh Normal School re-
emily.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
NOTICE.

A number of the people OF Gillian
county having demanded that the salary
OF deputy county clerk he abolished, and
being now without pay for a deputy, |
will hereafter be unable to attend TO the
numerous inquiries not pertainingto my
official duty as clerk, such as necessitate
correspondence--searching the records,
etc. without a reasonable compensation
for the same.
am anxious to comply with all rea-
sonahle requests and wish to be accom-
modating to the public, and in order to
do 50 | am compelled to employ help.
therefore ask that those wishing ac-
communications from this office, outside
Of my official duty, such as searching the
records. answering correspondence, etc.,
to enclose with their request reasona-
BILE fee for the work and time necessary
to comply with same, and will give it
attention. In this way hope to beiable
to employ the necessary help to do the
work in the office and accommodate the
people as has heen done in the past. If
a fee sent should be more than the work
is worth, will return the oyerplus and
ii not enough, the party will be so in
formed. Pension work for old soldiers
excepted herein
Very respectfully,
H. n. FRAZER, County Clerk
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
THE OFFICIAL PAPER OF GILLIAN
COUNTY. OREGON.

The Dalles Times -Mountaineer
notes and comments as follows;
The Telegram announces that Bry-
an is a weak man in his own state,
and that he cannot even carry Ne
braska this fall. As to the consist
ency of this statement we have but
to refer to the vote of Nebraska
two years ago. BY an arrangement
of the laws Of that state the people
have the privilege Of expressing
their choice for United states sena-
tor, aud in the election Of 1894 Bry-
an received S0,37l votes more than
all the other candidates, but the
legislature was republican, and
John NJ. Thurston, who received
only 1866, was elected to the senate,
If the people Of Nebraska have not
changed their minds in the past two
years. Bryan will surley carry the
state.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

The other day juror was reprimand-
ed for inattention to the case he was sup
posed to be trying. He promptly arose
III his seat and rehuked the lawyers in
charge OF the case for asking silly ques-
tlons aud wasting time,n 1t is untortn-
nate that there are not more jurors like
him who would assert their right not to
be afflicted with the irrelevant talk Of
gabby lawyers. and vindicate the right
OF Intelligent citizens TO be intelligent
even in the jury box. The last thing a
lawyer desires is the i'll will of the jury,
and if be finds that pettifogging is hav-
ing that effect he will stop pettiiogging.
Union Scout.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

The gold reserve in the national
treasury has fallen below the sl00,-
100000 limit, and at the rate gold
is being drawn out another bond
issue will be inevitable before the
end of the year The money sharks
have the treasury at their mercy
since they have an abundance Of
paper money in their possession,
and can deplete the reserve at viii.
Since little Of the gold that IS being
drawn out is for export it seems
that the object is to force another
loan.-Tlmes- Mountaineer.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

Judge Stearns, Of Portland, has
rendered a decision that viii be Of
interest to those who have been
divorced and have remarked. 1t
is in effect, that no person can le-
gally marry in the state of Oregon
within six months after he or she
has deem divorced, bat if the mar
riage takes place outside the state it
is legal.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

When tempted to rail at the hard
times and complain Of poverty,
remember the words Of Garfield:
Poverty is uncomfortable, as | can
testify, but nine times out of ten
the best thing that can happen to
young man is to be tossed over
board and compelled to sick or
swim" THERE'S nothing better for
young man than to be compelled
to rustic for a living. 1t makes
strong, self-reliant, capable men
the kind our country needs.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
BUSINESS LOCALS.

Books of all kinds L. w Darling q Co.
Dishes ana glassware at L. W. Darling & Co.'S
The best lemon extracts for flavoring, Just ar
rived L. W. Darling & Co.
Have you seen our new display OF toilet soapsf
Something new and nice. 1. ". Darling q co.
Buy choice bird seed, now reduced to l0c a
package. from I, W. Darling 4 Co.. and your bird
viii sing sweeter.
The famous ''wilIiams Barber Bar shaving
Soap'i--the besl in the world for the toilet and
for shaving. For sale BY /. ". Darling & Co.
The freshest, puEest and best stock Of preserip-
ton medicines in the country can be found al
the drug store oi L. w Darling a. Co, Condor.
Remember that Liverine Isl first-class
remedy for the liver. and one Of the
very best for constipation. Liverine is
an Oregon remedy. Patronize home IN
dustry by buying bottle Of Liverine at
T. w DarliuO,e
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
Arlington items.

G. W. Rinehart Of Condor was in the
city Monday.
Harvesting is the order Of the day with
our farmers.
Russell stillwell and family have re-
turned to Arlington.
Capt. Nelson and Frank Babbe are
back from their onting.
Mrs. X. IL. Robinson returned home
Monday from her MayvilIe visit.
Constable sweetin had been very sick
for several days but is improving now.
" A. Testerman was here OH business
last week. He viii commence heading
this week.
Rev. Bryan is holding services here
ansi will act as local minister until an
appointment is made.
An Indian farmer brought in some
fine new potatoes Monday. which he
sold 10 Robinson Bros.
John v Brown and others who had
been at work - Montana, are all back
again. They report dnlI times and warm
weather up there.
The many friends Of J. W. Smith were
pleased to welcome him back last Mon
gay morning lie enjoys better health
than when he left here a year ago, and
is weli pleased with California. lie will
remain here for short time only.
], Il. Miller Of Condon passed though
hefe Monday, enronte 70 Caldwell. Ida
%. to close up his business there, pre-
paratcry % going to Southern Oregon to
locate. John is an enterprieing citizen
ana genial fellow and he and his family
VII be missed by their many fripnds in
this comfy.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

The University Of Oregon at Eu-
gene is rapidly becoming the fore
most institution Of higher learn
ing in the Northwest Tuition is
free and the literary and scien-
tifc courses are equal to the best.
Free information may be obtained
by addressing University Of Ore.
gon, Eugene, Oregon.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

Garret A, Hobart, the republican
nominee for vice president, bolted
the nomination of James G. Blaine
and supported Gen. B. f Butler
for president, There is slight
suspicion that the state Of Maine
viii not give an unusually large
majority for Mckinley next Noyem-
ber.-Rosehurg Review.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

Last Simmer one Of our grand-chil-
dreD was sick with severe bowel trou-
ble. Our DOCTORS remedies had failed
then We tried Chamheflain's Collie, Cbol-
era and Diarrhoea Remedy, which gave
very speedy relief We regard it as the
best medicine ever put on the market
for bowel complaints Mrs II. q. Greg
orv. Ftedrickstown. Mo. This certainly
is the best pledjcine ever put on the
market for dysentery, summer com plant
.colic and cholera infantnm in children.
Itnever fails 10 give prompt relief hen
used IN reasonable time and the plain
printed dirertions are followed. Many
mothers have expressed their sincere
gratitude for The cures ii has effected.
For sale by all druggists.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
Wood! WoodI!

] have purchased first-class wood saw
and will be prepared to furnish the peo-
pie ofGiIliam comfy with all the wood
II ey need, any size, and at prices that
will make it worth your while to see me
before buying elsewhere. At the old
Lone Rock sawmill site.
j. s. Mckinney.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
PHOTOGRAPHS.

Richards & Shurte, the Condor artists,
are prepared to make all sizes Of photo-
graphs from stamps to engagements.
Orders taken for crayon. water colors or
India-ink enlargements, with or without
frames. All work will be finished at our
new gallery just north of the drug store
at Condon. We gnarantee all work that
il paid for when taken.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
To The Public.

have taken charge Of the Cunning.
ham livery stablesin Arlington and hope
my friends from everywhere will remem-
ber me when they come to town. Ny
rates are very moderate and the very
best care is taken OF stock leftin MY care.
Give me q chance. j. IA THoMAA.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
Notlce.

Trains No. & 2, West and East
honud passengers respectively. now rnn
by the way Of Walla Walla, and arrive
al Arlington a. follows:
No. H2v East bound 10 d. M.
No. II" West bound 2 ~ a. m.
Train No. f2" leaves Portland at
z p. II.
L. Q. HEptE, AGENT,
Arlington, Or.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

James w. Smith has the largest and
best assortment OF harvesting machinery
to be found in Eastern Oregon, at prices
lower than same are sold in The Dailes.
Give him a rall
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

James " Smith fas the largest line
q agrlGcultnral implements to select from
y oiiilan connty. Oliver plows and
extras speciality.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

You should zee the new late improved
steel frame Jopes' self dump hay rake
al Shurte Bros
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

Mrs Rhode Noah. Of this place was
taken in the night with cramping pains
and the next day diafrhoea sci IN. She
took half bottle Of blackberry cordial
but got no relief She then sent 70 me
to see il bad anything that would help
her. ! sent her hottie Of Chamber
lain's Coiic, Cholera and Diarfhoea
Remedy and The first dose relieved her.
Another Of orr neighbors had been sick
for about a week and had tried different
remedies for diafrhoea but kept getting
worse. | sent him this same remedy.
Only doses were required to cure him.
He says he owes his recovery TO this
wonderful remedy Mrs. Mary sibley,
Sidney, Mich. For sale by alldrnggists
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

James W. Smiths new spring and
summer stock Of gents furnishing goods,
boots and shoes, dry goods, etc, will all
be- in by March lst. His goods are
bought direct from the East, at prices
that DEFY colnnetition.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
Choice Lots For Sale.

Two lots lying within one block Of The
school bonse in Condor will he sold II
applied for soon, for $50 (for both) that
sold lor S75 four years ago. Plenty Of
water within ten feet Of the snrlace.
Most favorable residence location in
town Easy terms. Apply at this office.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
CHARLES FIX,
--7 TfOFTItNDT u
LIVERY, FEED STABLE 81 CORRAL,
Lower Main st., Condor, Or,

-LTVEHY, r LED STABLE 20 CJHTfAL,
Lower Main st., Condor, or.
fny ard grain over night, cash, 50c; hay only
cash, 2bc; stIllroom, per span, cash BE. Camp.
house with eoOk-etoYe free to patrons who fur
nish their own fuel. Price Tor weighing hay
large scales, 25c draft: back Weighing free A
liberal reduction on contract weighing The u,
s mail for Lone Rock leaves my barn every
morning. except Sundays MI O'Clock. Passen.
gers will plepsc give notice fhe night previous.
"a share of the patronage IL solicited
kKk-roricationefy store and soda fountain
tobacco, cigars, pool table, otc., IN connection.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Timber Culture Final Proof.

US. LASD OFFICE THE DALLgs, OR. June II, 1906.
Notice Is hereby given That Fremont Ward bas
filed notice Of intention to make final proof
before u n Frazer, county clerk at his Office In
Condor, oregon, on
Tuesday, July 20, 1895,
for the nl5 neI4 aud el4 nwA sec II tp is Of 2I
e. He names as witnesses. q. s. Clark o. W.
Oregon
1919 JAS. w. MOORE, Register,
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

County Warrants at Face.
| will take county warrants at their
face value in trade at my store in Con-
don. S R. RARKER
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

Yon should see the Jones CHAIN
MOWER before you buy. Simplest,
longest-Iived and lightest draft mower
in the world. Never ont Of repair. No
gears to wear out, no noise, nothing to
make the farmer ''cuss." Chain Power
runs the great Ferris wheel. This
proves its strength. Bicycles are Chain
Drive. Why? Light draft! At Shurte
Bros
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

Pr. Prices Cream Baking Powder
Awarded God Medal Mid~intsr Fair. San franeisoo.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
Administrators Notice.

All persons having claims against the estate Of
silas Brown. deceased. sill please present them,
with the proper Vouchers, within six months
from the date Of this notice. to d. &. Brown OF
condon or VIM G. Brown OF Lone Rock. Gillian
county, Oregon, administrators Of said estate.
Dated this % day OF June, 1896.
D. = BROWN
WM. G. BROWN.
i5-17 Adtnfrfsf rntors
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
Notica.

BOYS MAY BE had (and some
times girlsj for-(1l ordinary service at
wages; ~ upon indenture, Ito work, at
tend school, and tie brought up some
what as yonr own;l and-(3) children
may be had for legal adoption. Ad-
dress, W. 7 GARDNER,
Supt. Oregon Boys and Girls Aid So
cietv. Portland. Oregon
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24

Herbert Stephenson desires to inform
the public that they can save many
dollar BY trading with him and getting
the benefit oi his large discount for cash.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
Treasurer's Notice.

The Gernan-Ameriean Insurance Co., OF New
York. one Of the most reliable companies in the
world, has established an office at condor with
i. W. Darling as agent.
Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1896-07-24
HARVESTING MACHINERY.

VET VVsPVCVIHIII
H. n. FRAZER, County Clerk
The record-union., 1896-06-21
RAILWAY ACCIDENT.
Bad Smash-Up on the Pennsylvania
Road Near Pittsburg.

PITTSBURG, June 2O.-An accident
that might have deprived the Repub-
lican party of it's Vice-Presidential
candidate took place to-day on the
Pennsylvania Railroad.
Early this morning two sections of a
westbound freight train collided Two
freight cars were derailed and thrown
across the east track directly in front
of the first section of the fast vesti-
buled train running from Pittsburg to
New York. With two engines pulling
it this express train smashed into the
wrecked freight cars at full speed. En-
gineer Mcintyre jumped and was Sc
verely injured.
Both engines, the combination bag
gage and mail car, two express cars
and one sleeper were derailed and dam
aged. All the passengers were severely
shaken up by the shock, but none were
killed.
Following the first section closely
were sections bearing the Quay party,
the correspondents train and the pri-
vate car of Senator Bell, having on
board Hon. Garrett A. Hobart, the
Vice-Presidential nominee. Fortunate
ly these sections were promptly sig
nailed and stopped. The news of the
accident preceded the train, and al
each stopping place physicians We're
in readiness at the stations to act, but
their services were not required.