The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1896-04-12
AGE OF THE INDIAN RACE.
ROOFS or THE ANTIQUITY Or.
THE RED MAN IN AMERICA.

son. curator ~ tho department OF pre- historic
anthropology Mt tho Smithsonian Institution.
has some ne vel and interesting views on the
much discus sed subject OF the origin OF the
American II dian and the antiup lty Of tho race.
At the reau est OF n corresponI cent OF THE SUE
he gave the following synopspi of his opinions:
There las been much discussion over this
question:" ,aid Prof. VIII on, but all without
greater Ell ,ct than the etlnunciation of theories.
possible q nd impossible. Tho ancestry OF the
American race has byen variously attributed to
Semitic. Plinnicipd, and Monaghan races, and,
possibly TO n mixture OF some or all, with many
additions. The best OF these theories have been
based only on alleged similarities OF some re-
markedly FINE "details in the characteristics Of
the Indians an'l their alleged ancestors. look
upon the subjeC Il from n broader basis, and will,
now treat tho question generally. l will bring;
evidence In In age groups which l believe Will
demonstrate any proposition. and will at the.
same time not be denied or doubted byt
Its disbeliev' ms. l will deal only with tho In>
dams, the II ed Men OF America. what Dr.. Brinl
ton calls Sho American race and will mott
discuss the question Of an earlier or higher civf
iiization til nm his. or II man belonging to o difd
ferent geol ,gic epoch, or deal with paleolithid1
man In aiy of his phases. The race whossJ
antiquity refer to is that which was ct thet
time OF thu, discovery In possession Of the hemsj
isphero fl pm ocean to ocean and from tho
Arctic circle to Terra del Fuego.
NJ hret statement is that this Americana
race OF Indians is practically the Same race
throughout the entire hemisphere. with ALA
their diyersi ~ of anatomy and physiology
among lndi ans than Il is among various mem-t
bers OF The white or black. races. they develop
CAV Q this as his opinion in his address beforeE
ths o sect, o, On Of AhShroP2loEy Of the Americsna
pa lis of his book on The american ,Raee!Hy
DU tween distant triheA In America Dr C0la~Y
M IN OF Bale, asserts the essential physically
II en-, With this ass"@rtion Of 5fD tSs Identity e n III
he race, 1t is to be argued that 1t began inA
t ION from lower animals, or by migration from,
A., ,thor countries, | purposely leave out of con:B
In whichever of these ways the Red Mans
suppose, and NJ may ansf'j justly IS argue arg t"' thy. ' n sSs BEL seS
ginning the race was represented by few indtS
dividnals: Either number, viii SUIT my srsa.a
was not a bundled thousand or a million. Xo.d
%Gepting, them as a fact, the beginning Of the
individuals, it necessarily follows that they wersy
confined to a single locality. This locality
coast mag have been north or south. These
facts tell us that with this little colony as q
the Scrth american Dui indian liH.n has sH been iS on III:
hemisphere such a length of time that, by ordi-
that az the time Of the discovery by Columbus 10
Is siimRte that there were eleven millions or
the. small colony originally Inhabited. It had
also as we may say. extended itself territorially,
IT, hemisphere from the Arctic circle on the
north to TERRA del Fuego on the south, and from
ocean on the west. My first point. then. IL thaS
this increase in number and the extension in
time. these two o1 facts st are proof of ,Pt tie esniiEp p @.
Rod at which the ancestors Of the race appeared
III this hemisphere, and so. of its antiquity.
The confusion OF tongues and the increase in
the number OF Languages among red Indians ID
When the first colony Of Indians appeared,
w whst Sn c as ! SAY By 3Io evolution 9h u Ir or migrationi =
but one language. suppose. in case of migra-
tho 'IS" ;l 1nst Of in SGe npG sSm %sny yos tssEESrf Ca l R5!ss e
them. foreign shores. they would inevitably
sHsHt G inve mt a aA@ es1nlao a'i Ian tn%.a sF Il None sa sa.
listed prior. This would not DO difficuit to
do in IT. n'u% ni %s 'gRpp fsi , his colony 9 wa" s.. sTn1
point, we may see what they, have done. They
s2sr the 'n %oan,sins. g across %aa the So riHer sn' w yhhillsy q;
tirst they may have retained their communioa.
orisimai method t Of speech SIh1oIitt only o AeRi n SO
long az those relations were maintained. When
visits to the parent colony and had no relation
with its members, they began to invent other
and this continued until, they became .
parent colony sending forth younger swerms.
In their turn. cut Off their relations and I'M
vented new LANGUAGES. SO they have gone on
iI'll " "tSl, lNpIth ~ boutH, OCCUPYING
new territory. founding new colonies, inventin9
new languages. And this continued for such an
that, not only had they come at the time Of the
discovery to occupy the entire hemisphere. as we
iished. "i aecoTdin nse" to The inv nvsestisations Of of' The
Bureau Of Ethnology, not less than two hun.
of which belonged to North America alone, and
with dialects and variations OF these languages
appears as though we must the corollary Of the
immensity Of the time must also be accepted.
- Auuin tho fNnInaaG N y VnA and thu naA.
.sistence of animal characteristics among red In.
dams is another evidence. 1t has been de-
monstrated until II is an accepted anthropologtS
cal and chronological fact that tho older q raceis
The more deeply seated and permanently fixed
This carries with IT the correlative proposition
,srist tss m @G " Pa ttsed ,6 and h Psr%a eSIde 1ss d sh. sSs;
become of the antiquity of that race. Applying
Viii Wish F ali to, To t aiye A@ST'G tHn, i a"n a be o Tl 1sr s sResis
more :? than those of The white, the yellow %
not simply to the physical traits, bIs
Why isthc wild Indian harder to tame than any
other human animal IL can only BIO accounted
i. due to his greater natural and original in.
hividnnlityi indrpeni"nce and self-relianoe.
to conquer all obstacles in the way, Of
that liberty, and the other is thas
generations in tho condition OF savaGery which
has produced this i9t"!,ectnal moral, and
ofthc two. and the latter has produced the
But in any event the fact remains
that the American Indian has greater tixity Of
and Of characteristics than has any other
race. AID this indicates, Il il does not prove, the
Ong-COntinued ana persistent exercise of the
conditions whiCh produced these characters
sites and his high antiquity.
THE discovery OF America found tho native
h that stage OF culture which Is now known In
europe ns the %neolithic or polished stone age.
His eating implements were ~ stone rather
han 81 metal, and by whatever method he
made them the iinisHing was by grinding or pOl-
shlug, The similnrties OF his culture with that
II other countries show that, u ho migrated
rom any Of these countries. hpdid SO at u period
when they were In the n%eolithic stage OF oul-
urc, While this stage, and the one subsequent
o II. was In the eastern Hemisphere beyond the
IT history, and lay entirely In prehis-
Uric times, set We may know that IL came
o an end at nm early period compared with
,ur present history. II belonged. to the
and second, possibly the third. cities OF
Troy on the Plain ~ HiSsarlik II came to an