davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE COMET RoRDAME, TAKEN HOURS APART.

sun, in consequence OF the attraction
of that body, it may seem difficult to
understand why 1t should then retreat
outward again, Notwithstanding the at
traction which now seeks to draw 1t
back. This may, however, be illus
trated by Il very simple c~ontrivance.
Let a weight be hung from the cell
ing by a string. Let that weight be
drawn aside and then released. 1t will
of course, swing down to the lowest
point, and then, having passed through
the lowest point, the weight will be-
gin to ascend. The attraction of the
earth pulls the body down, but as 1t
descends ii acquires speed, and in Vir-
tue of this speed it is enabled to pass
the lowest point and to ascend in OPP
position to gravity on the other side.
In the same way. the speed acquired
by the comet in its long voyage toward
the sun from the depths of space, en-
ables 1t to sweep round the sun with
out being captured, and then TO pass
away, perhaps, never more to return.
The nearer the comet Is to the SOAR
surface. the greater Is the speed with
which it moves, and consequently the
more brief IL It's s%ojourn in the vicinity
of the SUI. ! comet has. in fact, been
known to Craze the sun so closely thar
II passed within ~one-seventh part OF
the suns radius. In this case a pc
Rod of two hours sufiiced for the COM
ct to turn completely round the sun
and commence its retreat into space.
The actual circumstances presented
in nature are vol quite so simple. we
have assumed that the sun and the
comet were the solitary objects in the
universe. or course, this condition is
not fulfilled. There are the planets
surrounding the sun, and there are the
countless host of stars. Some OF these
objects may attract the comc< with a
vigor sufficient to sway 1t considerably
from the track which it would other
wise follow. In consequence OF these
various forces, We are not justihed
in discussing the problem actually pre-
sented in nature as being exactly the
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
a south Dakota Achievements.

That there Is enterprise In South Da-
kota other than that shown in acri-
cultural ways, is demonstrated by the
following from the Brookings Is. d.
Register: "One OF the greatest curl
osities In the line of photography the
writer has ever seen was brought home
by Mrs, Ed. Williams on her return
from Huron this week. During a heavy
thunderstorm at night, +. w. Cannon.
a Huron dentist. went up On top of a
water-tOwer for the purpose of trying
to secure a negative Of a fash of light
ming, His first attempt was successful,
and It is said to be the finest photo
graph OF the kind ever secured. He is
receiving orders from scientists in this
country, and also in Europe, for copies
of the photograph
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25

While advocates of carriages driver
by m~otor-engines admit that much re-
mains for the inventors TO do before
such vehicles can be made equal ir
beauty of appearance, facility of man
agement and all-around comfortable.
ness to the present style of carriage!
drawn by horses, yet they assert tina
motor-carriages are certain to becom,
popular because they will save money
In England 1t Is estimated that the cost
of fodder for a horse travelling TWEEN.
ty miles a day is ~twopence per mile
while a motor-wagon OF two and a hal.
horse power can be driven the same
distance at the expense of half n pen
ny per mile. Another argument used
in behalf of the horseless carriage h
that two-thirds of the present wear and
tear OF roads Is caused by horses, and
only one-third by wheels.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25

name OF the illustrious astronomer,
HALEY. This splendid object accom-
piishes a complete circuit around the
sun every seventy-five years. 1t will
again display its %splendors for terres.
trial admiration about the year 1910.
Our knowledge of comets has been
greatly extended in the last few years
by the application of Photographic
methods to the investigation of the
heavens. Indeed, We are evidently now
entering upon a new phase In the his.
tory of the study Of these mysterious
objects. The advantages of photog.
raphy for such inquiries are obvious.
In the first place the plates present to
us pictures of absolute accuracy. This
is a matter of special Importance in
this research, because the appearance
of comets changes so necessarily that
unless the portrait of the comet OBJ
tanned on any particular occasion be
absolutely faithful it Is impossible to
correct 1t on any subsequent occasion.
Not only from week to week does the
comet alter its appearance, but II
changes even from day to day. 1t Is
therefore of the utmost importance to
obtain views of the body which shall
be of unquestioned accuracy so far as
the aspect of the body is concerned at
that particular moment. There is also
another reason why Photographic pic
lures Of comets are particularly in
structive. 1t Is a popularity Of the
sensitive plate that it is able to per-
ceiye and record luminous expression
quite too faint to produce any impress.
sion on the eye. When we examine
the photograph Of a comet w thus
often find on it many details which
were quite unseen by the observer, no
matter how acute his vision may have
been and no matter how powerful may
BE- the telescope which he has been EN-.
ploying. 1t is, indeed, sometimes
found that the tail OF the comet as It Is
depicted on the plates Is three times
as extensive as the tail of the same
body as 1t is displayed through a tele'
scope.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25

An interesting comet. which has af-
sorded much occupation to the pho-
tographer, was discovered IN July 3,
1893. by Alfred Rordame, an astrono-
mer residing in Salt Lake City. w. j.
Hussey obtained some admirable pho
tographs of this object at the Lick
Observatory. and we are also indebted
to the same astronomer for D very in
teresting account of the physical char.
acteristics of this body.
On looking at the photograph OF the
comet Rordame on Jul? Y and COM
pairing 1t with that taken on the fol-
lowing night the observer will be as
tonished at the difference in the struc-
ture of the two tails. 1t would seem
as If some violent dislocation of the
material of the tail must have taken
place in the interval which has elapsed
between the times when the two pic.
lures were taken. There is no doubt
that visual observations would never
have established this point SO clearly
as the photographs have done.
II will be noticed that the plates are
marked owe by numbers of bright
streaks: these are the photographs OF
the stars which happened to lie in the
same field of view as the comet. But
1t may we'll be asked how it has come
to pass that the stars are represented
by streaks instead Of the round images,
which w should expect from theiv
sun-like character. The explanation
Of this circumstance Is not a little
curious and instructive. The comet is
in motion, and II moves so rapidly tina,
in the ourse of such a protracted ex-
posture as that on July II, which last.
ed for one hour and twelve minutes.
the comet changes its position on the
sky through a distance which Is quite
directed throughout the exposure to
apparent. II the camera had been
the same part Of the heavens, the com
ct, like the unquiet sitter. would only
have permitted us to obtain a very
blurred and indistinct portrait. TO OBJ
riate the effect of this motion IL was
therefore, necessary for the astronomer
who was engaged in taking the picture
to shift the camera slowly during thu
course of the exposure. and in that
way to neutralize the influence of the
comets motion. The picture Is thu,
made to represent the comet as IL tina
body had remained at rest during the
exposure. But the stars which were
strewn over the background remain.
ed quiet all the time; as. however, thf
camera was shifted for the reason JUS
mentioned, IT follows that each Of the
stars. instead Of being represented BY
a point, as it would have been in ar
ordinary sideral picture. is manifest
ed by a streak.-Robert S. Ball, Dept
Astronomy. Oxford.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
QUEENS CONTEMPORARIES.
Those Who Have Passed Away During
Her NnIcsty's Reign.

Where. midst the countless inhabi-
tants of the British empire at home and
abroad, Is there any one now living
who can have known, seen and CON
versed with so many of her greatest
and most illustrious contemporaries as
our good and gracious queen? says Lon
don Telegraph. In politics, in art and
science, In peace and war, In church
and state, in literature and poetry, in
invention and engineering, in music
and song. In the wide field OF social
success. in charm of conversation. OF
personal beauty and linguistic attain
ments, harry n man or a woman has
w5n fame and distinction without hav-
ing been honored by the queen with
one or more interviews. Were we 10
attempt TO recall the last army of the
departed that she has known and holds
in her faithful memory this column
might easily be swollen into n volume.
Here. for instance. are some OF those
familiar people; death has made them
dear" OF whom Crabbe spoke In lines
which Sir Walter Scott could never read
without a tear. People who, like the
specters appearing to Britomart In Mer-
Inns magic glass, must. from time 20
time. flash before her majesty's retros-
pective eyes and fill her mind with a
gentle. pleasing melancholy which re
sembles sorrow only as the mist resem-
bles rain" The queen has outlived
all the members Of the privy counci'
who were alive in 1897. All the peers
who held their titles In 1897, except
the earl Of Darnley, who was 10, and
Lord Nelson, who was IA. In that year
All the members who sat in the mouse
of commons on her accession to the
throne. except Mr.. Gladstone, Mr..
Charles villiers. the present duke OF
Northumberland. the earl OF Mexbor-
ough and the earl OF Mansfield, and Mr..
John Temple Leader. Her majesty has
seen eleven lord chancellors, ten prime
ministers. six speakers OF the house
Of commons. at least thrOe bishops OF
every see and five or six Of many sees,
five archbishops OF Canterbury and six
archbishops of York, and five com
manders-in-chief. She has seen five
dukes of Norfolk succeed each other as
earls marshal. and has outlived every
duke and duchess ard every marquis
and m%archioness who bore that rank In
1897. She has outliyed every member
of the Jockey club and every master
of foxhounds that flourished In 1897.
She has seen seventeen presidents OF
the United States. ten vlceroys Of Can
ada. fifteen vicernys of India, and
France successfully ruled by one king,
one emperor and six presidents OF u
republic. The list. indeed. might be
even further extended.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
HUMOR.
Many Instances of Ills Wi,-'The Rea
Things"

Many Instances Of Ills Wit - "Thc Vea
Things"
There never could be born q man es
~scntially great who did not like tc
laugh. or to make at least others smile
says the New York Times. Even Soho
penhaur and Nietzsche could cracl
their grim jokes. There is nothing in.
compatible in that d~rollcry which En-
orSon at times INDUCED in. In the
Forum Mr.. Henry ID. Lloyd thus hes
cants on Emerson: \ pleasantly re-
corded Of him in a story he told Of q
friend who carried a horse-chestnut &c
protect him from rheumatism. lie hai
never had it since he began to carry
ii, and indeed 1t appears to have hat
a retrospective operation, for he never
had 1t before" An English friend tells
me that while with Mr.. Emerson ir
his garden discussing some problem
of life, Mrs. Emerson called to him foi
some wood. Emerson went to tho
woodpile; when he came back he said
with his wonderful smile, Now we will
return to the real things" When OH.
yer Wendell Holmes asked him il he
had any manual deXterity he illustrat
ed his want OF 1t by replying that be
could split a shingle four ways with
one nail. (Which" says DR.. Holmes. "af
the intention is not to split it at all in
fastening it TO the roof, | took to be 4
confession of inaptitude for mechanical
work" In later years he lost his mem.
DRY of the names of things. Once nc
wanted his umbrella, but could not re
call the word. But he got around the
difficulty. II cant tell it's name, but :
can tell its history. Strangers take
it away" His daughter ran in one day
to ask who should be invited to joir
their berry picking party. "All the
children he said, from 6 years u
CO."
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25

the depths OF space. At first, no
doubt, the motion may be extremely
slow: for the attraction OF the sun de-
creascs with its distance. Indeed, the
wisp of yapor might be so remote
that 1t would require thousands of
years to move over an inch. But as
the motion progresses, the body Will
gradually acquire speed. until after the
lapse of a time, so long that | shall
not attempt 20 express II in figures,
the little object will he found hurry
Ing In toward the sun with the speed
Of an express train; still the pace will
grow until the approaching object will
be moving as quickly as a rifle bullet.
The intervening distance Is now rap
idly diminishing, but, as that distance
lessons. the intensity of the solar at
traction increases, and, consequently.
the pace at which the object Is urged
onward becomes greater and greater.
From moving AZ the rate of a mile in
n second, the little object would grad
ually attain a speed not less than that
Of the earth In its orbit, namely, about
lBhl'' ililtS - S'Abiii' pAlll III bous
presses onward, until n pace could be
reached OF 100 or 200 miles a second.
Finally, when the vapor would be
about to make the terrific plunge into
the glowing sun, It's speed would be
upward of 400 miles n second. The
vastness OF this speed may be realized
from the fact that a body animated
by so great n velocity would accom-
plish a complete circuit of the earth
In about 4 minute.
The case which | have supposed is
however, not exactly that of a comet
Tho movement would hardly take place
In the way just described, in which
the sun and the wisp OF vapor were
both originally at rest. Such n state
OF things could hardly be possible il
0tnre. We may. n doubt, suppose the
u "a have been at rest, for it is onl!
the relative movements OF the two
bodies which concerns us. But We car
hardly imagine that the wisp of vapol
could have been so d~elicately place.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
ROOsT ON THE GROUND.
pccuiiarltics OF the Game Bird N't Cen
orally known to Nuntcrs.

From the baltimore Sun: Among tho
habits of the partridge II Is tina;
when a covey Is ruO$tinS on the
ground. with their tails punched to-
pether in a circle. the bunch Is sur
mounted by u line Of watChful heads
ike scntincls ON duty. Another Is tina.
they run the instant the ground Is
touched after a flush" the dogs often
trailing them in rabbit-huntiHg fash
ion. Their sense OF smell Is evidently
very acute. for during the nesting sea-
son. II the eggs. which number from
ten 10 twenty, are disturbed in any
way. or "a hand even inserted in the
nest, IL will be Immediately deserted
and a new one built. A short time
previous TO the nesting the males are
often involved in desperate combats
for the choice Of mates. who stand By
and quietly watch the encounter.
seeming not TO care which one becomes
the victor. The incubation is perform
ed entirely by the female, the male,
when not feeding, often being perched
| on some slight elevation, encouraging
her by his mcllow-toned call of bob
white" Two, and sometimes three.
broods of young are reared during u
season, the nesting beginning as early
as May /. Later in the fall the broods
of young occasionally join forces, but
whether from a want of company or for
protection is not known. When feed
inc the birds are sometimes scattered
several yards apart. but at the first
sign of danger IN alarm Is given, and
they Immediately bunch" with their
heads placed close together, as II in
consultation The first shot into a
covcy will often cause them to break
and fly in all directions, and II not dis
turbed again for several minutes scat
ter calls will be heard on every side.
These are made 10 collect the remain
ing birds, who again bunch. Many OF
the market gunners seem to have no
Qualms of conscience. and very often
kill without hesitation al entire coyey
when NJ least one or two pairs of birds
should be left for %breeding. The gen.
eral opinion OF the spOrtSmen OF Dor.
chester county is that a %precautior
should have n place in the code of laws
for the protection Of Maryland game.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
Vermont Libraries,

Under the operation Of the Vernon,
library law iifty-nine towns have es.
tablished Libraries within the last two
years, making a total Of lis publ,
libraries in Vermont. The cost Of
books given by the state, including thu
expenses 81 the library commission, is
Naced at about $4,000, which is @
small figure to cover much important
rcsults,-New York Tribune.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
unhappily EXPRESSED.

"Jilson has "A most unhappy way OF
expressing himself"
HE told me he was going to propose
to that charming grass widow from
Chicago
HE did. But his clumsy effort to be
offhand and easy spoiled 1t. He had
read these illusions to Chicago divorces
unit! he thought they were true"
What did he say to the Widow"
HE asked her II she was engaged
for her next wedding."-Washington
Star.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
Robert T.. Lees Noble Heart.

Jefferson Davis once asked Gen. Rob.
ert Il. Lee what he thought of a certai,
officer of the army, as he had an i'm
portant place he wanted filled by \
trustworthy man. Lee gave the office,
an excellent recommendation, and he
was Immediately promoted to the posi-.
ton. Some OF Lees friends told him
that the officer had said some very bit
ter things against him, and were sur
prised at the generals recommends
ton. Il was not asked" said Lee, of
the oficer's opinion of me, but my opin-
ion Of him" Only a noble heart could
prompt such action.
A loot of newly fallen snow changsl
into an inch of water when melted
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25

Ii Is said ,hat l"e lOi.uSIpg prepar.
alton is very useful for making a first.
class muci!age for gumming larg,
sheets of paper, which may be KEEP, or
hand ready for use. When wet the,
will stick well OH glass; $ arch, two
drachms: white sugaH, II ounce; gun
arabic, two drachms, to be boiled viii
a sufficient quantity Of water.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
Insurance In Early Days.

The nisl hre INSURANCE company Il
begin business in this country opsne'
It's doors in Philadelphia In the yea
1874.
The Red Cloud chief., 1896-12-25
A JUDICIAL ERROR.
FRESH TRIAL OF THE MALAU-
NAY POISONING CASE.


FRESH trial O {
the sensational Ma
launay poisoning
case, in which
Pauline Delacroix,
a married woman,
was sentenced to
hard labor for life
at the Assizes of
the Seine Infcri-
cure on Dec. Is,
1887, was opened
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-01-29
Mating for Hardness.

When mating the fowls, select hens
with strong shanks, broad breasts and
deep in the body. The male may be
finer in bone, as it is desirable that he
be active. The hens should be the har-
diest of the flock, as many of the dis
eases that attack fowls during the win
ter are often due to some sick and
weakly hen, such as the roup, which
spreads in the flock, causing loss of
time in the effort to cure the hens, as
we'll as falling off of eggs. Hens are
intended to lay, and especially when
we'll cared for, but care and labor may
easily be thrown away on flock that
has no vigor or stamina. Diseases may
be transmitted to the offspring by the
parents, and it is important that the
hens which are intended for producing
next years stock should be carefully Sc
ected. Only personal observation will
enable one to select the best, and for
that reason every mem Der Of the flock
should be studied in order to learn all
the personal characteristics
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-01-29
About Eggs.

The shell of an egg is porous, and any
filth on it will faint the meat. A bod
reason for cleaning eggs as soon as
gathered. Sometimes dirty-looking
eggs are fresher than some that are
clean, but buyers will not believe it,
and as they must judge an egg by it's
outward appearances only, eggs should
be m ade as attractive looking as posi- BILE
before being sent to market. Eggs are
preserved IN two ways: By cold storage
in dry atmosphere, at temperature
SO to 40 degs., and by immersing in a
pickle of lime and salt in clean oak
barrels. The pickle is made by Stacking
two pounds of lime in hot water and ad
ding one pint of salt and four gallons of
wate- Twenty gallons of water will
cover $50 dozen. Put fresh eggs in
the clear pickle until the vessel is
nearly full, spread clean cloth over
them and cover this with the Settings
of the lime. Ice house eggs and picked
eggs are edible If put in fresh and prop
erly kept, but are greatly inferior to the
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-01-29
Egg Inspection.

By holding an egg up between the
eye and the light an expert can at once
tell the purpose for which it is particu
larly adapted and promptly pronounced
as to its destiny.
There is the egg which exhibits a
small cloud floating in an orange sea.
This egg finds it's wav to a humble saloon
and is beaten up into golden fizz" to
soothe the Weary palate of the retired
p litician.
Again there is the egg which shows a
galaxy of crimson stars, intlmating that
the industrious hen that laid it is suffer.
ing from the heat and needs rest. This
egg finds its way to the quiet restaurant,
whittier the sign, "Meals, five CENTS"
beguiles the hungry wanderer,
A third egg shows dark. solid body
surrounded by a vapory liquid. 1t
abounds in the generous barrel houses,
whose motto is, ''An egg or clam with
every drink" and where the gay and
careless reveler saws, "You spoke late,"
when the hapless chicken squeaks at the
moment of deglutition.
A fourth egg, light in weight and of a
sickly green complexion, sprinkled with
dark blotches. is popular at political
meetings where the audience is not
quite IN harmony with the speaker.
d. IN - ~ n
less, unexceptionable egg proudly laid
upon fresh straw by a kind and whole
some hen. This is the legitimate egg
of commerce that makes the whole
world happy every neutrality-suspicious.
Farm.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-01-29
The Breeding Turkeys.

New blood shows more improvement
with turkeys than With any other kind
of poultry. The best foundation is the
common focks. Discard AL the males
and procure gobbler Of some pure
breed and the next year let the gobbler
be procured from some flock different
from the rest. A surer plan is to use
gobbler Of one breed the first year and
one Of different breed the next. AS to
which is the best breed of turkeys, we
doubt if any bree1 Can be said to excel
the others. The bronze turkey is the
largest, but the poiAt to observe is to
secure hardness and vigor, without re-
gard TO size, and this must be done by
selecting the best hens and procuring
vigorous male each year.-Exchange.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-01-29
PATTERSON e CO.,
Responsible, Reliable, Prompt Commission
Experience. 253 Washington St., NY.

Real estate security and best business .nethoo.
enable US to do all possible for consignors. Prompi
account sales sold. This Insures you against loss
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,68 Scott St. Use any telegraph code. References
Irving Nat Bank, N. Y; Third Nat. Bank, Buffalo
R. 6. Dun & Co First Nat. Bank, St. Augustine
Fla. banks and shippers everywhere. Agents Ford.
Fruit and Vegetable Growers Association al BuffaL
Ample Eunncumbered, Good Real Estate at ST
Augustine, Fla to make safe any consignment.
Members Florida Horticultural Society and Of
'ti|nai eague # Com mission Merchants Of tn
:uit@d States At Ruffal..