davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19

metals as Instruments TO measure value.
In the form of coin or metallic money,
both gold and silver were wanted for
ornamental purposes-fcr bracelets,
anklets, rings, chains, plate. etc. AS
the world progressed in civilization
other uses were found, and the demand
increased, as we'll as the product; but
the result OF long use and exchange OF
the two metals for other commodities
led TO the universal adoption of valu-
alton which continued for so many
years as TO suggest their use as the
measure of all values. A specified
weight in either gold or silver would
buy n bushel of wheat, or "A certain
quantity of food material or clothing,
or command certain amount of labor.
Those qualities so unvarying in all
parts of the world where exchanges
were made gave TO these two metals
their popularity as mediums of ex-
change, and naturally suggested their
adoption as measures OF value by
civilized government. Thus, II one
ounce of gold would purchase Is or l6
ounces of silver, or vice versa, that be-
came the relative valuation of the metals
as coined money.
Government had nothing TO do with
the valuation of either of these metals,
nor with their relations TO each other
in value. This was established by the
people, and they were willing 10 accept
the coins in trade at these valuations.
When government made the coins legal
10. al 1al, .fiN a
II gave greater stability 10 these valua-
tons, and consequently there was very
little variation between the two metals
for many years. AS improvement kept
pace with the higher civilization, sci
ence and art multiplied the uses Of the
two metals. Gold became useful in
dentistry, plating, gliding, upholstery,
etc.; and silver became a necessity 10
well-ordered bles in the way Of spoons,
forks and otherutensils, while hundreds
of ornamental devices extended the use
of both metals. During this long
period of their use as coins there was
not enough variation in the amount
annually produced TO change the com
mercial value materially until 1S4s.
when the discoveries in California, and
soon after in Australia. increased the
yield of gold prodigiously. This was
again followed by the development OF
silver mines Of extraordinary richness
in California, Navada and Colorado.
Up TO 1878 the increase in the product
of either metal does not appear TO have
had any noticeable effect on their pur-
chasing power. Whatever change took
place could not be detected; and but for
the decentralization of silver by Ger
many in 1872. followed by that OF other
countries, including the United States,
IL is doubtful whether the difference in
the relative commercial value could or
would have been serious enough 10 dis
turb the coinage system Of the civilized
world. But the decentralization referred
to. and the subsequent dissolution OF
the Latin union, which practically dis
carded silver as metallic money in
large part OF the civilized world, made
the collapse in the commercial value of
silver inevitable.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19

disc" had over $i40 per capita circula-
ton when the bauble burst and the
country went into bankruptcy. The
prices were nominally high, but the
purchasing power of their money low.
They found themselves owing more
than $500 apiece, with no money TO pay
il with that was acceptable 10 anyone.
1T takes two 10 make a Bargain III
we need something that is for saie we
must be able TO offe- good money for
IL. At the end of the Argentine Rcpub-
lies mad speculative financial drunk
all the gold had left the country. They
are now accepting the established rem
edy of the world, the specific that al
ways has to be given Tor all such dis
eases, ''the Gold Cure
Much more depends upon the quality
of our money than the quantity. Free
silver would not even increase our cir
culating medium, but diminish II by
driving about 5000. 600, 900 worth OF gold
out OF circulation entirely and reduc-
ing the purchasing power OF what re-
NAMED about one-half. The two metals
have never circulated as standard
money at parity. and they never will,
all statutes TO the contrary notwith-
standing. The undesyalued meta al
ways takes a vacation and the other be-
comes the money of the country. IL
would take n great many years to sup
ply the deficiency even with silver. IL
free silver would give us more money,
as it's advocates contend, why have not
sll free silver countries larger c:rcu-
lating medium than gold standard coun-
tries? / leave you TO answer this cues
ton and reflect.
HENRY u. MCORD.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
WAGES WOULD Be INSUFFICIENT.
IExchange1

As workngman l would like TO
claim small space 10 assert my belief
that the free coinage of silver would
bring a great calamity upon us as ma
ton. IL would unsettle everything, such
as the outrageous Wilson tariff bill did,
which has caused the workingman to-
day to revolt against such principles.
OF course, free silver may benefit those
parties who have salable articles, as
they could arrange their prices,
while they cannot suffer as much as we
workingmen will who have TO live upon
our hard-earned wages.
Therefore we would be the greatest
sufferers, as the prices on all articles
would be increased while our wages
would remain insufficient, which would
lead 90 inevitable strikes, and. no ioubt,
TO a civil war as Of 1861.
Therefore. l say, workingmen, look
before you leap. Don't be foolish and
bring harder times upon us. Let as
pull together, no matter what our poll
tics may be. and vote an honest dollar
every time; also protection 20 our in
dustrics.
BENJAMIN ToLANo.
New York. July 81.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
A NEBRASKA EEIGHBOR'S OPINION.

The nomination for the high office
OF president of the United States OF this
inexperienced. untried young man al
any other period OF our national exist
ence might be considered good joke.
But at time like this, when the enor-
nous business interests OF our coun-
try. the welfare and very existence OF
the American laborer are threatened
when the country demands, and must
have, the ripest scholarship. the wild
est experience, the coolest and most
sober judgment in the counsels-when
the broadcast and most comprehensive
statesmnnship. undying loyalty and
answering patriotism must be brought
20 bear for the protection and preser,a-
ton OF our national credit. and the re-
establishing OF our impaired Industries:
II Is no time 90 experiment with boy
orators in kindergarten politics.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
A FINANCIAL DREAM.
BY Henry d. McCord, President of
the Produce Exchange.

The Subject of Gold and silver. and tho
Discussion of the Causes of Hard Times.
aud the Theories Presented from All
Sides Naturally Fiji the Listeners with
wonder-"I Wonder AZ This VIII Be
the Enect--"I Wonder u That Theory
IL Right" Etc. Etc-
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
FINANCIAL DEFINITIONS.

In response TO many inquiries as to
the meaning of expressions commonly
used in the discussion Of the issues in
volved In this campaign, we have pre-
pared the following brief table of terms
and equivalents:
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
Commercial Ratio.

The ratio Of actual value. the
rate at which gold and silver
can be exchanged. IL is now
thirty-one ounces of silver to
one of gold.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
A Einy-Ccnt Dollar.

One which, owing TO the de-
probation of silver, is in
trinsically worth only this
amount, and maintains its face
value only by reason OF the gov
ernment's pledge TO keep it at
parity with gold.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
The Gold Standard.

The measure OF value adopted
by the leading nations OF the
world az a basis for their cur
rency-the coin (gold) in which
all obligations are finally re-
deemable.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
Free Coinage.

Free Coinage.
The melting and stamping in
10 money, without charge for
the services, of all silver bullion
brought to the mints.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
Sound Money.

A currency of which every
dollar is eXchangeable at par
with the standard dollar of the
country-of this country "a
gold dollar.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
sixteen 10 one.

Sixteen TO One.
The ratio sought 10 be main
tanned by law, according 10
which sixteen ounces of silver
shall equal in value one ounce
of gold.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19
COSTOFLIYING WILL RISE WITH WAGES

New York. July 20.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1896-09-19

HENRY d. M'coRD.
The record-union., 1896-11-02

President must have Congressmen OF
his own party 10 sustain him, and make
effective the great principles of protec-
ton and sound money.
The district was, Judge Davis said,
in great need of an able and energetic
Representative. They had that in Mr..
Johnson, the present incumbent, and
he should be returned. 1t was to him
the people must look for appropria-
tons for public buildings, river i'm
provements and needed legislation. The
interests Of the Second District were
diversified and it was an litter lmpos-
sibility for any Congressman to please
everyone. If Republicans scratched
their tickets this year because they dis
agreed with their Representative upon
certain measures, they would go on do.
ing that thing to the end of their days.
An earnest plea for a solid vote for
William Bennetts for the Assembly was
made. 1t was all important that a
Republican should be elected The
election of a Democrat meant one vota
for Gator for United States Senator
The record-union., 1896-11-02

scandalous1y and Indignantly assailed
our Representative; because Mr.. john
son stands for Sacramento interests
With justice to all other district inter-
ests, and for a business, sensible, just
way Of settling the railroad debt ques-
ton, which is approved by the best
thought Of the great East, as has been
certified to by President Andrew d.
White
We should return Mr.. Johnson to
Congress because, as Speaker Reed has
we'll said: He knows the ways of the
House." and will therefore be greatly
more serviceable to the district than
a handicapped new conner can possibly
be.
These are but few Of the reasons
why we should re-elect Representative
Johnson. To recite all Of them would
too greatly extend this review OF the
situation. But let it be understood
that every man in the district who has
at heart the real interests of the district
and every part Of it. will vote for Grove
L. Johnson
The record-union., 1896-11-02
A Demoralizing (" Yes"

The Examiner should have known
better. In It's anxiety to keep we'll to
the front in the Popocratic procession
IT has been betrayed into an indiscre-
ton that must result In the loss to its
party of q multitude Of votes. For
some time 1t had been pumping Bryan
for opinions, and receiving nothing
more satisfactory than wheezy gusts
of wind. Finally, on Thursday last, it
tackled the exhausted reservoir with
combined force and suction CASINO
tored pump and brought up a mephitic
eush OF bilge water that raised a thumb
and finger to the general Democratic
nose.
Not doubling that the answer would
be thunderous moi" this direct ques-
tion was put to Bryan:
lis it true that as son as we get free
silver the purchasing power of the
workingman's wages will decrease?"
Instead Of the expected mo" in reply,
a blood -curdling "Yes!" signed by WILL
lam J. Bryan was flashed across the
wires. "If you take the purchasing
power of q single dollar 1t will be less"
admits Mr. Bryan, but as free silver will
give the laboring man more work, he
will be able to earn more dollars II he
is willing to labor fifteen hours daily,
Sundays. This Is about the
The machine Will be sent back to the
New York Journal" to be tried on Hill.
-San Francisco Chronicle
The record-union., 1896-11-02
JUSTLY INDIGNANT.

A dispatch appeared In the Record
Union" yesterday morning, coming
through regular press channels, setting
forth certain statements alleged to have
been made by Governor Budd at a
meeting in Stockton, Saturday night,
relative to the railroad funding bill,
that contained expressions detrimental
TO Sacramento In the suggested possible
sale Of the Central Pacific Railroad and
the abandonment Of the shops In this
city, which would benefit Stockton and
make the latter city the future railroad
center of the State.
The dispatch aroused a great deal of
feeling in this community, that was
charged with much bitterness. Before
nightfall yesterday this office was fairly
ii, oded with letters from citizens upon
the subject, while a large number COM
mUnicated their views by telephone.
None Of the letters are published,
as the "Record-U announced yes
terday that the long-established policy
Of the paper would be adhered to, by
which political letters on the day before
and the day OF the election are forbid
den publication. whatever expression Is
necessary being reserved by the paper
for its editorial columns on those days.
II Governor Budd used the express
sions referred to, which have caused
his friends here so much surprise and
pain, and they reflect any considerable
sentiment looking to such possible in
jury TO Sacramento. our people will
have more reason than ever to manifest
their loyalty to their homes and vote
for their own townsman for Congress,
Hon. Grove L. Johnson, the only repre-
sentative from this district with which
Sacramento County has been honored
since the State came into existence.
The record-union., 1896-11-02
WASTE NO VOTES.

Waste no votes upon the side-bar cam
ofdates for the Assembly and Senate.
Vote for Brusie, Ennis, Sims and Low
dal, or else vote for the straight ANAL
ganation ticket. Be one thing or the
other. a Mckinley or a Bryan man, and
not one of the breed that has no pro-
genitor and no hope Of posterity.
Reflect Republicans, Reflect, citi-'
zens, irrespective of politics! Do you
want Thomas v. Gator for United
States Senator? Well, every vote
against the Republican legislative can
didates, no matter who it is cast for. in
creases the possibility Of Gator getting
the office.
In Mr.. Ennis district there is an es-
peciauy strong effort being made to Sc
cure votes for Purneu from Republican
ranks. It should be sternly resisted.
Better hundred fold that Mazzini be
elected than a side-bar candidate with
no party back of him to hold him to re-
sponsibility or that can call him to ac-
counting.
The record-union., 1896-11-02
SOMETHING WORTHY OF THOUGHT

Speaker Reed gave the people of
Stockton some good advice He pointed
out that Congressman Johnson has
been for them a diligent, loyal worker,
a faithful, untiring and able Represent
ative. He then called their attention
to the fact that a community cannot
expect help from the country that does
rot show a disposition to help itself.
That there will be Republican ma
jority in the next Congress he as
serted as already settled. On that head
there is no room for two opinions.
What, then, is f-interest for the Sec
end District? Plainly to elect as Con-
gresham some one in harmony with
the majority and the political atnos-
phere Of the House.
It follows that Mr.. Johnson should
be chosen. If we do not elect him,
then Mr.. De vries, new conner,
first termer, untried in legislation,
stranger and in the minority, will be
absolutely helpless.
He can advance for the district none
Of it's interests; he viii not be able to
command a hearing. 1t may be
doubted If he will ever be heard from
the floor Of the House.
Here is something for voters to con-
slider. Shall we fail TO send UP a map
who alone In this hour Of need can
serve US well and effectively? Shall
We turn the district over to the power
less minority? What would be thought
OF a business man who would conduct
bis business on such lines as that?
What would we think Of anyone who
sought TO benefit from legislation and
activity In body to the majority OF
which he was In anita agonism?
Mr.. Johnson should be elected be-
cause he has secured for the valley and
the mountains the first really practical
commission for the adjustment Of the
hydraulic mining question, on a basis
satisfactory to both interests.
We should elect Mr.. Johnson because
he is the first Representative Sacra-
rnento County has ever had in the
T4o,,se and because 1t Is simply fair
NAY and honest adjustment that the
chief community in the district snouid
have one of its own citizens chosen to
REPRESENT the district for two or more
terms. at least once in forty-fiye years
We should elect Mr.. Johnson because
he has put on foot and can carry OUT
the plan to secure to CahIorhia Tue
s4.0O0,OO0 due her from the feueiai
Government, and which the piopei
auditing department has notineu nun
car be paid under his joint resoiu'ioh'
though all previous congressman nave
failed In the matter.
We should elect Mr.. Johnson as re-
buke to the scurrilous Examiner 'na'
has intruded its noisome nose INTO 'he
AFFAIRS Of a district without It's own, ?,
and lampooned. vllified. abused ona
The record-union., 1896-11-02
THAT MOREY LIE.

Just at the close Of the Garfield Pres
.dential campaign. sixteen years ago,
the infamous "Morey Letter lie was
invented and published far and wide,
when there was no opportunity to prove
it a lie. 1t purported to have been
written by Garfield. and to express ami
mostly to and contempt for working
men. The forgery was after the elec-
ton easily proved.
Now, look for some such lying trick
at the close of the Mckinley campaign.
1t may be unnecessary to warn old vot-
ers against such devices, after the ex-
rerience of sixteen years ago. but new
voters and twenty -onesters are not pre-
sumed to be familiar with the story OF
The record-union., 1896-11-02
HE GIVES IT AWAY.

The San Francisco Examiner" tele-
graphed to Mr.. Bryan on Thursday,
asking him if free silver coinage would
reduce the value of workingmen's saw
ings deposits and insurance policies
one-half
The same day Mr.. Bryan replied,
giving the whole business away by say
ing, as the dispatch will show, and
which the Examiner" had not sense
enough to withhold, that in life insur-
ance the premiums exceed the losses,
Sc if dollar rises in value the COM
pany gets more than it pays out. He
added that his policy makes it more
likely for a wife to enjoy the life of
her husband and not make the enjoy
ment dependent upon his death.
Observe. that Mr.. Bryan carefully
avoids any reference to the reduced
value of the wage dollar Of which he
was asked.
Observe, also, that seven out Of ten
life insurance companies and all ben
eft societies are mutual and have no
members who are not policy holders,
and divide profits among policy hold
ers, a fact anyone can find in the off,
cial reports, and the United States CEN
sus, and that every member ami policy
holder knows
On the savings bank part Of the Ques-
tion he replied that men who so de-
posit usually do SO only until they can
find chance to invest, and as a rule
these men have more property outside
CT savings banks than money in banks.
He added that the only way dollar
can fall in value is when property is
rising in value; SO If a mans property
rises more than his deposits fall, he
viii be gamer
Observe that this is a clean admis-
sion that deposits Will fall in value.
But he added: "a savings bank can
only pay when it can collect on its
assets" Then he says If the gold stand
ard compels banks to foreclose mort
cages and take farms into assets and
turn them into money, the savings
banks will become less and less Sc
cure, and after while you will not get
back your money at all because the
banks cannot collect.
Observe how utterly and hopslessly
ignorant Mr.. Bryan is of the lawsunder
which savings banks exist. Observe
how he avoids the question concerning
the effect OF the lowered value of a
legal tender dollar
Observe how ignorant he is Of the
real status Of savings bank depositors
the fact being that very few OF them
have other property than their deposits
bringing in revenue
Observe the avoidance Of direct an
swer to the questions put. Observe the
give away" of the whole reply. and
how it sustains every claim made by
the opponents Of Mr.. Bryan's policy.
The record-union., 1896-11-02
A Tried and True Servant.

There is no office in the gift Of the
people of this district that is more i'm
portant in its effects than that Of Su-
pervisor. The man that can best serve
US Is the man we want on the board.
For the past four years this Supervisor
District has had an able representative
in the person Of William Curtis. A care
ful, considerate, business man. one who
has proved himself q friend to the peo-
pie Of this district, as we'll as faithful
guardian Of the county's interest. It
is bad policy to discharge q tried and
true public servant, especially with
reference to so important an Office as
that Of Supervisor. to give place to a
new man. Return William Curtis by all
nleanA-Folsom Telegraph.
The record-union., 1896-11-02

Mr.. Bryan has been answering more
conundrums asked by the stupid and
short-sighted Examiner" as to the ef
fects of reduced values Of silver dollars
upon savings deposits and railroad in
come and wages. Yesterday he an
swered another lot of questions by wire.
and, as before, all the answers are eff
''if our contention is sound; IF we can
maintain the parity between silver and
gold"; "if prices fall'; ''if prices rise"
Do electors want to vote ON the IFS and
guesses Of Mr.. Bryan? Is 1t not a fact
that parity between gold and silver is
now maintained, and has been all
along? Shall we then take the chances
On Mr.. Bryan's contention" and his
sifSo2
The record-union., 1896-11-02
THIS SHOULD DECIDE IT.

This should decide the question, "How
shall I voter" namely, Il consider pro-
lection vicious as a policy-an attempt
to make a high price for that we can
buy cheaper abroad'-W. ]. Bryan in
Congress. ''The home market is the
protected in it's enjoyment by wise tariff
legislation, and this home market
should not be permitted to be destroyed
by lessening the demand for American
labor and diminishing the pay Of Amer
ican workmen, and thereby diminish
ing the demand for agricultural pro-
ducts. s."-William Mckinley in Congress.
The record-union., 1896-11-02
WHAT HISTORY PROVES.

All history, says the Century Mag
azine," proves that legal tender money
is always the inferior money. It is
added that the true policy for a nation
is to emit coin money as it may and let
the people choose which they prefer,
leaving legal tender quality out Of the
matter. But to coin one metal at a ra-
tic not recognized by the commercial
world and give it special legal tender
quality along with money accepted by
the world, cannot affect it's true worth
among the people. It is an act that In
all time has met with defeat
The record-union., 1896-11-02
Protection and Reciprocity.

Congressman Johnson is for protec-
ton and reciprocity; for the restric-
tion of immigration and give more of it's
benefits to workingmen; for a bounty
on exports Of American products and
for bounty to our shipping in the for
eign trade. These principles round out
and complete the protection idea with
the sugar bounty, and those who desire
to see protection made complete will
vote to return him to Congress, where
he has done so much good.-Stockton
Independent
The record-union., 1896-11-02

II you want to see the State prosper,
vote in the interests Of sugar beet
growing, wool growing and manufac-
ture, lumber interests, fruit and other
interests like them possible of prosper
ity only under protection against for
eign cheap labor and cheap labor pro-
drYofc
The record-union., 1896-11-02

Four years ago the Republican party
policy Of the Democracy would bring
disaster upon the country. Its proph-
ecy has come to pass. 1t tells the vot-
ers to-day what will happen If free trade
again triumphs. 1t is as far-see1ng now
as it was four years ago.