The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1896-04-04

IN September, 18l9 an overland expedi-
ton went out from York Factory under
command of Lieutenant (Sir) John
Franklin. They reached the sea by way
of the Coppermine River, and padded
and sailed along the shore for $50 miles,
when they were compelled to turn back
They were gons three years, losing two
Of the party.
In 1928 Captains Parry and Lyon
sailed through Fox Channel as far as the
Strait of the Fury and Hecla. After this
an expedition under Captain Lyon was
abandoned when eighty miles distant
from Repulse Bay. In 1924 Captain
Parry entered Lancaster Sound, wintered
at Point Bowen, near its entrance, and,
losing one of his ships, returned homo the
next year. In 1926 an expedition started
overland, descending the Mackenzie
River to the sea, under franklin, who
traced the coast for 374 miles westward
from the Mackenzie. He failed to con-
neot with Captain Beechey, who had
gone through Behring Strait to KotzebUe
Sound. In 1927 Captain Parry reached
50 degrees As seconds north In 1S29-33
Captain (Sir James) Ross endeayored
to find a northwest passage by some OPEN
ing leading out of Prince Regent Inlet
of the magnetic pole was fixed for tho
first time. In 1888 Back and King set
out to search for Captain Ross, without
avail. The latter reached home, after
terrible sutferings. In 1887 Dease and
Simpson reached Point Barrow, discov-
ering on the way the Garry and Covflle
Rivers. The next year they discovered
plored Bootbia Gulf.
In May, 1916. Sir John franklin sailed
on his last expedition in the Erebus and
Terror. On July 26, 1S45, they were seen
by whaleship in latitude "a degrees 48
minutes, and longitude &c degrees 10 min
utes, about the center of Baffin Bay,
moored to an iceberg and awaiting an
opening into Lancaster Sound. This was
the last time the vessels were ever seen.
Three different expeditions for suocor
were sent by ths British government in
1S4S One under Captain Kellett and
Commander Moore was joined by Robert
Sheldon in his yacht, but was unsuccess-
full, as was land party under Sir James
Ross in 1S4S-49, was also unsuccessful.
A number of other expeditions were sent
in search of Sir John Franklin's party.
One of these, consisting of the Advance
and Rescue, under Lieutenant Do Haven,
formed the American expedition, fitted
out by the United States government,
but at the cost chiefly of Henry Grinnell
of New York. Some of the expeditions
found traces of the franklin expedition.
hut none of its members were ever found
alive.
Among famous modern arctic expedi-
tions are those Of DR.. Kane in 1896,
who reached 81 degrees 81 minutes north
and seemed to prove the existence of a
great open sea. Captain Francis MoClin-
took in 1859 made valuable discoveries,
including remains of the franklin expe-
dition, and proved that the latter had
discovered the northwest passage. DR..
Isaac Hayes in 1861 renched 81 degrees
So minutes north In 1860, and again in
1864, Captain Charles T. Hill made arc
tic expeditions the last time being gone
five years. In 1871 he started thir time
in the PoIaris, and reached latitude 50
degrees 16 minutes north. He died on the
expedition, and the survivors, after ter
rible sufferings, were rescued from the
ice on which they had drifted 1856 days.
Captain Mares expedition, sent out by
the British government in 1875 reached
SO degrees 81 minutes north. In the
spring a sledge party under Commander
Markham reached SO degrees 90 minutes
26 seconds north, being seventy miles fur
Their than Captain Hall went, and the
highest latitude ever thus far trod by man
but still being 400 miles from the pole.
On July 8, 1879, the Jeannette sailed
from San Francisco under Lieutenant
George W. De Long. In September. 1881,
the survivors, under Lieutenant Melville,
reached the mouth of the Lena River,
in Siberia, after terrible sufferings.
Expeditions ander NordenBsjoald
showed the feasibility of a northeast voy
age from Europe to Asia by the Arctic
Ocean. In 1S78-79 Captain Frederick
Schwatka collected valuable material
relating to the Franklin expedition upon
an exploration made in the Eothen, COM
manded by Captain Barry. who had made
previous discoveries in the same line. In
, 1881 L eutenant A. W. Greedy was sent tx
Lady Franklin Bay by the United States
government. In 1884 the survivors were
rescued by Commander Schley after ar
, expedition under Lieutenant darlington
had failed. Lieutenant Lockwood anG
Sergeant Brainerd of Greely's party
, reached the furthest point north ever at
tanned up to the present time, being
Lockwood Island, situated in SO degrees
"a minutes north, longitude A degrees
minutes. Captain Robert E. Peary':
q Greenland expeditions are SO recent as tt
a need no particular mention. -Pittsburs
I Post.