The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-03-06
Agents, Honolulu. N. I.

reduce very greatly the size OF the
sewer pipe.
The great bulk of the maxim
flow that any time enters the sewer
in the combined system, it must be
remembered, is made up of surface
wash aud storm water.
Exclude this, and the maxim tide
in sewer shrinks to very Ordinary
dimensions.
A sewer pipe of eight, ten or twelve
inches Galore at the most Is found
capable of receiving and transporting
the sewage proper OF large toWn,
with steady and uninterrupted flow.
Sd. Another point in favor of the
Separate System is that the amount
of water received into the sewer pipe
remains nearly u constant quantity
every day in the year, and all the
year round.
The flow that enters it is not subject
to those immense fluctuations which
represent the difference between the
precipitation of water in time of
drought and the heaviest rainfall.
The volume of sewage proper in any
community is found TO be practically
that of the water used for domestic
purposes. 1t results from this that
the size of the main sewer pipe, or
pipes, in the Separate System may he
sumption of The city.
4th. Another advan. ageOus result of
the Separate System is the fact that
as the sewer pipes in this system are
much smaller than in the Combined
System, piping Of iron and of glazed
ware can economically be used i'll place
of the huge conduits of masonry re-
quired by the Combined System.
This is gain from many points of
view. The smooth interior of an iron
or vitrified earthen pipe, when prop
erly jointed, offers less resistance from
friction, other things being equal,
than it ia possible to secure in the case
of b conduit constructed of brick and
mortar. It is accordingly found that
q sewer pipe in the Separate is much
less liable to obstruction than in the
Com biDed System.
Iron or vitrified pipes will also do
their work satisfactorily with small
er gradient thaO a brick sewer. This
is a consideration of the greatest inn
portance in the sewerage of place
that is very fiat, as are the lower parts
of Honolulu.
stu. The expense of the smailpip pc
sewers used in the Separate System
com paratively so small, being only
fraction of the outlay required for u
large sewers of the Combined SysteN
as to bring this system within 49,
reach of many towns which wol j
otherwise be altogether debarred Fl o
the use of any system of sewerage.
9Th. The separate system has al
another capital advantage over I'll
combined system, in that 1t does aW;
at once and entirely Win tue iece
sity for prlvy vaults ana cesspo OILS.
proposes 10 connect eacn mouse, or e
taolishment, directly with The sc w,
pipe, so that all domestic was les al
foul waters that are properly tcIasse
as sewage are emptied at once into q
iron or vitrified pipe of nOL ] ess tia
four inches in diameter, avs M
Warning, auu passed along IN coutinu
Gus and uninterrupted flow ? to tia
main outlet or outlets of I ne sewer
trunk.
7th. In order to insure this unin
terrupted and cOntiuu. GUS flow
throughout the whole ystem an
prevent the possibility of Obstruction
an automatic flush tank IS placed a
each dead end of a sewer pipe, the ne
riodic overflow of whic b at certair
regulated intervals abs olutey tiushe
and sweeps out all the d matters below
These flush tanks, VIII ich NAV con
tain four or five hU .ndred gallons
apiece, can be regulate d so as to dis
charge at any desired interval of time
say every II, or Is, or 20 hours. Thei
mechanism Is simple but automatic
They are arranged 81 that when full
the accumulated wa Ter is discharged
at once, and with rush.
To quote from Mr.. Waring, the City
of Pawtucket IS Sc Wered on q sort oil
semi combined sy stem, street water
being kept out OF che EXTENDED later
ais, out roof ws,ter being taken in
generally.
The work was done in the best and
most expensive manner. Mr.. 5 weet
said: Il consid er the flush tank the
life of a small-pipe system of sew ers,
fol-. without it the system would De
expensive, troublesome, and unless
the greatest diligence is exercised it
will surely fail. L had good oppor-
tuniIy to test the value of flush tanks.
90 be coutiDued.)