davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
oUNPowOeR IN EARLY DAYS.
Possibly IL Wac Used In Warfare Refors
the beginning Of History.

People outside of military life who have
10 connection with the making of gun
POW der know it only as coarse black
powder, like black sand, which will flash
OIL with a loud report if shut up in a case
Of any kind ard set on fire.
il Is n very queer mixture, made mp of
three simple and well known substances,
no ono of which will explode, although two
viii burn. Nobody knows when or how
it was discovered, for as far back into the
dark nges rs records or tradition will car
ry us we find that gunpowdcr, though not
used for guns, was known. 1t was, no
doubt, looked upon with awe and fear by
the ancicnts on account of Its flame, its
noise and its rcnding force, but their linn
tied mechanical skill could suggest very
little use for it,
Possibly it was used in warfare long be-
fore the beginning of history, but the first
man in historical times to form an idea Of
the terrible destruction which this awful,
bursting fiery substance might produce
was an English monk named Roger Bacon
Monks, in his day, were the chemists,
scholars and writers of the world, and this
Roger Bacon Travelled and studied much
and made continual experiments in his
laboratory TO prove for himself and 20 de-
yelop what he learned from others. He
probably saw gunpowdor among the Moors
In Spain and tried for himself its explosive
effect. Then he wrote Of its composition in
the year 1857, and in his writing suggest
ed that It could be used in engines of war
TO deal death and destruction to armies OF
men.
Soon after Roger Bacon's time his sug-
gestions were taken up, and guns were con-
structed first by binding iron bars together
with hoops to form % tube, then by casting
tube out of brass, with one end closed
Stones suitable of size were selected as
shot and the powder had TO be carried
around in chests or barrels and shoyelcd
into the muzzles Of the guns the stones
being rolled in after it. In spite of these
drawbacks very large guns were built for
thcro was one used by Mohammed II
against the Greeks at the siege of Constan-
tinople in 1853 which throw a stone weigh
ing 600 pounds a distance Of one mile
Lieutenant John NJ. Ellicott in ST. Mich
Olas
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
sooIaI and Personal Notea.

cuoial ana Ferbonhl NoJebs
William G, Bryan visited his brother in
Newark yesterday.
Miss Helen Ash is visiting Camden
Camp, near Dover.
Joseph Macklin is visiting in George
town.
MRS J +. White is spending some time
at Magnolia and Camden camp.
Mr.. and Mrs John Herman, OF Phila-
delphia, are visiting Miss Mary Ford at
her home, No. 620 Jefferson street.
Professor w w Birdsall, formerly Of
the WILMINGTON High School, is spending
the Summer with his family At Osean
City, N, J.
Miss Mary Cranssop, Of Kennett
Square, spent yesterday With friends in
Wilmington.
Miss Mary e. Fetters has been visiting
IN West Chester.
Sheriff Gillis and Coroner Stldham will
spend tomorrow at Ocean City, Md.
William @. O'Brisn has returned from
Atlantic City whore he made protracted
stay.
Josiah Marvel has returned from Ken
nett Square, where be spent Sunday
with the family of K. P. Green.
Mr. and Mrs. George Hepbron, form
erly Of WILMINGTON, now Of Brooklyn,
are visiting their uncle. ex-senator Hep
bron, OF Maryland
Mr.. and Mrs. George Sterling and
daughter are visiting In Elkton.
Mrs Kaufman is visiting her father,
Rev Earl MAloy at Rowlandvilie, Md.
Mics Kate vAnsant is visiting friends
at st. Augustine.
Miss Clara Roberts has returned from Q
visit to Elkton.
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Roberts are
visiting Mr.. and Mrs. Calvin Merritt, at
Eikton.
Miss Ella Connor is spending the
Summer at Back Greek Neck. Cecil
county.
Edward Porter is visiting Laurel
friends.
Mrs. JObn MegIlllgsn Is visiting
friends at Kennett Square.
Mr. and Mrs. Alvin R. Morrison have
returned from Atlantic City.
Richard Dripps. has returned from
Coatesville.
Theodore Pennock, OF Kenneth Square
registered at the Hotel jennings.
Mr.. and Mrs. William T. Lyman are Al
Cape May to-day.
John Clark and VIII Dsnning are trav
cling through Pennsylvania.
Miss Annie BlggipF, OF Phlladslphia, Il
visiting Mrs. james Marian, st 222 HSr
riHon street.
Mrs w. Frank Sharp. o. Twelfth an,
Jefferson strests, Is visiting her parents
Mr. and MRS. Morton Pepper, at George
town
Alexander B. Cooper is at OCEAN City
Nd.
Rev. George O Hall, of st. John
J Church, will 60 on his summer vsoatlo
next Monday. He will be cut Of tow
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Mr. Ford,n cnndldnox

The wave of Democratic sentiment In
favor Of the nomination of Peter ]. Ford,
OF New Castle county, for governor must
be extremely gratifying to Mr.. Ford and
bis friends. and mortifying to those who
are seeking to take from the New Castle
county caucus the right to make the
nomination. Words commendstory Of
Mr.. Ford and his candidacy come from
all walks Of life and from all parts Of the
state, and the men who thought to set up
the nomination OF some other man are at
their wits end for expedlents. They
know that the Wilmington aspirant
will DO the choice Of the delegation from
this county In their endeav-
ors to break his hold upon the
caucus, they are iesortlng to various
tactics, the most patent being the bring
Ing out of candidates In all parts Of the
county. hoping thereby to secure a large
number Of rural delegates. Just how
far they will be permitted to proceed
along this line Is matter Of conjecture
but when II comes to the crucial test In
caucus, there Is every reason to believe
that the anti Ford men will be put to
rout.
Every day brings fresh assurances that
sussex. and most probably Kent, will
concede to New Castle the right to
name the candidate. But there are
certain New Castle county men who
would rather lose tho nomination TO
New Castle. than permit IL to 60 to Mr.
Ford These men can give no good
reason for their opposition TO the VII
mington man. and we challenge them to
make their real reasons known, for they
are infinitely more dlscredlta bic to them
than TO MT Ford.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Imitation old Master. In our Museums.

Imitation old Masters In Our Museums.
The European student Of art history Wis
iting the museums in America must be
profoundly impressed with our Ignorance
or mondacity if he judges us by the attri-
buttons bestowed upon the old pictures in
our galleries. There is hardly a museum
in the country that has not great names at
tached 20 tame copies or poor school pic
tures, and there Is not IA catalogue Of any
of our public collections of old pictures
that is not unreliable and misleading. To
be sure, we are not alone in this jumbling
and Juggling of attributions. The directors
Of European galleries are prone to fastcn
great names TO the works of pupils or inn
itators because a list OF Correggios and Ii
tians spreads the fame of the gallery, but
the American gallery director IS never TO be
outdone in the use of famous names. If the
Louvre can catalogue twenty odd Raphaels
when it has only five, our museums can
catalogue Durers and Holbeins when they
have none at all The greater and better
known the name the more frequent its
use, and poor Rubens and Nelasquez have
fOundling canvases laid to their charge all
tho way from Boston to San Francisco
Scribner's
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
sm,rna,s summer vlsltor..
Special Correspondence Evening Journal.

Special correspondence EVenlnK Journal.
sMYRNA, July 9.-Mr. and Mrs. j.
Wesley Jones, who have been sojourning
at Chester heights, have returned.
George H. Dennsy is the guest of Pro
fessor Charles Howell lie Fevre at Ian
caster, Pa
Miss Ida J. Heinhold Ia visiting her
cousin Miss Ida Smith at Chestnut Hill,
Pa
Tom Trenchard, the ex Princetonian
foot baller made Smyrna friends visit
yestesday.
Miss Ella Smithers has been visiting In
Milton.
Miss Clara West Of Philadelphia, is be
ing entertained by Miss Edythe Server
con near town.
Eugene A smith of Philadelphia, has
returned home after visit TO friends
here.
Miss Emma Walls Of Sudlersville is
the guest of Che family Of E. g. Walls
Elmer z. Taylor and wife of New
York, are visiting Mr.. Taylol's father
George W. Taylor.
Mrs /. B Vickers and children are 80
journing at Atlsntic City.
Miss Jessie Whitaker OF Philadelphia,
Is belag entertained by Miss Bertha
Stengle
Mrs. Edward Beck and Lulu Beck are
the guests Of Maryland friends. They
will visit Church Hill, Sudleraville and
other places
Reese Parker Of Middlstown, visited
friends In Smyrna yesterday.
< Miss Mary T. Carey is summering at
LsWes.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

during the month of August Rev w. B.
Beach cfiiciating at st. Johns during his
absence.
Thomas f. Russell and William h
Hsrrigan and their families are spending
week at Pennsgrove.
William Mack has returned from Pat
erson. N. j., where he has been spending
q week.
Miss Edith Taylor, Miss Maud Cox and
Miss BsuIah Cox, three chsrming young
daughters Yf Baltimore, ara the guests
Of Mr. and Mrs. William White, at No.
902 Adams strest.
Mr.. and Mrs Charles H. Brant aud son
have returned from points Ia Pennsyl-
vanis, where they have been spending ten
days with relatives and friends.
Mrs Medford II Caboon and children
are expected hons from the West to-
morrow.
Miss A. V. Leslie George. who Is visit
Ing her mother, Mrs. Herbert. In New
Castle, was In WILMINGTON this morning
d. Wendell Hulburd aud J. Herbert
Mullen are clmping out with a party of
Orisdeld, Md friends on Watts
Island, In the Chesapeake.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
rornadoea and urelenes.

The difference which exists between
these two kinds Of storms is rarely un-
derstood, and We are indebted to William
L. Moore. chief Of the Weather Bureau,
for compar alive description of them,
which Is especially interesting at this
time when 30 much Is being said about
storms of this character. According TO
Mr. Moore. the tornado Is sudden out
burst of wind In an otherwise quiet and
sultry atmosphere
The tornado Is ushered In by loud,
indescribable roar, similar to continu-
GUS roll Of thunder; Its path is very
narrow-seldom more than five hundred
feet Wide at greatest; It moves, gensr.
ally, from southwest to northeast, AID
rarely extends more than twenty miles
1t very often rises In the air, to decend
again at point few miles ahead; 1t Is
always accompanied by thunder storms,
with bright glow In the clouds. This
cloud has usually a funnel shape, which
appears to be whlrling, though some
observers have described its appearance as
like that Of huge ball rolling forward
A tornado may be considered as the result
of an extreme development Of conditions,
which otherwise produce thunder storms.
cyclone, on the other hand, Is a
very broad storm, often times one thou
sand miles In width, and sometimes can
be followed half around the earth. The
winds circulate about IL from right to
left or the way one turns clock hand.
backward. In the southern hemispher.
this motion is reversed. The air pres
sure always falls as one approaches th,
centre, while at sea, there is a porten
tous calm, With clear sky visible at
times. The cyclone winds often rise {,
hurricane force but are not to be com.
pared with the extreme violence of th,
tornado, before which the most soil,
structures are razsd.
The French term trombe, or tourbIl
lon, describes almost exactly the tor
nado, which term was FIRST applied 4
severe squalls, with funnel-shsps,
clouds, experienced on the west coast O
Africa. and which to this day, inspIr
the utmost fear in the minds Of th
natives.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
UMBRELLA WITH A LIGHTNING RoD.
Carried by Man Colonel CalIiper Once
Knew In storkvnle Center, Vt.


Knew In storkvile Center, vt.
about as singular n man as 1 ever
knew said Colonel Callipcr, twas
friend of mine named Abner Gillpostling-
ton, who once lived In Storlxville Center,
Vt. Mr.. Gillpostlington was man of
means and a sensible, hard headed man in
all respects but one. I've heard of people
who crawled in between feather beds and
shut themselves up in closets and that sort
of thing during thunderstorms Mr. Gill
postlington didn't doanything like that.
If he had occasion TO go abroad when a
thunderstorm was raging, maybe to the
store for something, he always went just
the same, but on such occasions he always
carried an umbrella with lightning rod
attached to it. The forked tip projected
well up above the tip Of the umbrella, ard
the rod was carried down along one Of the
ribs in glass insulators held in brackets
attached to the rib and SO on down to the
ground.
''To see Mr. Gillpostlington walking
along the streets Of Storlsville Center in a
thunderstorm with that umbrella over
him was TO see one Of the most remarkable
sights of the town When he came to the
store, If that was whore he was going, he
would close his umbrella on the sidewalk
and lower the point of it TO get it through
the doorway as one might lower n spear
and then walk into the store with It, while
everybody inside stood back TO give him
room He would lay the umbrella down
on some barrels or boxes, so as not TO bend
the tips of the lightning rod, buy what he
wanted, back out into the street again
with his umbrella, open it and walk of
with his forked lightning rod above him
and the ground wire trailing along the
ground at his side.
But Mr.. Gillpostlington never was
struck by lightning, and, in fact, the light
ming seemed to shun all that he possessed.
So far as / know, no building or tree on
his place was ever struck by lightning,
and Mr.. Gillpostlington himself died in
bed in the ordinary way, but the memory
of his lightning rod umbrella still survives
in Storkville Center, VT. New York
sun.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
In Person.

The late Isaac f. Redfeld, who was chief
Justice OF Vermont, was tall and digni-
fed man whom his juniors in irreyerent
fashion used, "unbeknOwnst, to call by
his first name. One of these younger men,
William Herrick, was in the judges Office,
and another youth, friend Of his, one day
told him that he wished to consult a GER
tain book, which proved to be difficult of
access.
"It's in Isaac's library" said Herrick
"He isn't at home, so you can go in and
find it for yourself" "
The young man did as he was hidden.
He came at once on the book, sat down
and began TO read It. Presently tall and
serious looking gentleman opened the door
and came in. The reader glanced up from
his page and greeted him affably.
"Want TO see Isaac, sir?" he asked.
"Young man." said the stranger sol
emnly and portentously, Il am Isaac. -
Youths Companion.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Pretty white wedding.

Miss Lola T. Bates, daughter of Mrs
r A. Bates was married last night at
o'clock to Edward Penrose Roblnson.
The ceremony took place at No. 710
West street and WAS performed by Rsy
A. N. Keigwln, ID. D., pastor OF West
Presbyterian Church.
Miss Helen @. Scott wRs maid Of honor,
aud George Denio attended the groom as
best man Miss Clara Soott played the
wedding march.
The bride wore a dainty gown Of
white organdie with white lace and
ribbon trimmings, aud carried q bunch
Of white sweet peas. The maid of honor
was similarly attired, and her bouquet,
also, was composed OF white sweet peas
The parlor Was tastefullY decorated with
white carnations, white sweet peas, and
ferns and palms
A pretty feautre OF the ceremony WAS
the siging OF their names In the brides
book by the wedding guests. The pres
ents received we're very hAnesome
Among the guests were: Mr.. and Mrs
William Robinson, Mr.. and Mrs. w. h.
Curry, ]. B. Bradford. Mr.. and Mrs
Alfred r. Jones, Miss Adah l. Dickey
of Chicago; Frances w. Hoislor, Miss
Sue Nets, of Germantown; Miss Clara
@ Scott, Mr.. and Mrs. John r. Hudson,
Mr., and Mira. w. r. Robinson, Jr, Mr..
and Mrs. George II. Taylor, Miss l. H
Buzsne, Miss Helen s Robinson, Il. G.
Robinson, Jr DIR. aud Mrs. r II Jones,
A. g. Robinson, Miss Mary K Reed, Of
Philadelphia; Miss Alma Bates, j.
Warner Reed, Miss Bessie W. Reed, Miss
Helen s. Garrett, mr and Mrs Morris
d. Lsmborp, Mr. and Mrs. w It. Robin
son, Miss Eva 4. BaynArd, Miss
Matte Robinson, Miss Mary L. Moody,
PhilAdelphis; Harry G Robinson, j. b.
Ried, Miss Clara Robinson, Mrs Henry
Grant. Mr.. and Mes. William Ssllers and
others.
Mr. and Mrs. Robinson went on a wed
ding trio North. They will be at home
at No. 710 West street after August IS.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Massachusetts, Benefit Life

only paid 10 cents each month. Ny
claim was reported July 10th and five
days after I received check for the full
amount II had taken the advice Of
agents Of the weekly companies / would
have dropped your insurance and taken
theirs, thereby losing sixty-one dollars. l
strongly advise my friends and
the public ia general who desire insur
snce or who have insurance at the pres
ent time that they can secure protection
ct far less than the usual high rates of
other companies by joining your com
pany. Again thanking you and the
Massachusetts Benefit Life Association
for your promptness and courtesy In ad
iustlng the claim, remsin
Very truly yours,
TILLY RADEK,
so Lsmotte street.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
rhe.s Rooks Arc nnautis..

We have few copies OF bezutifnl
work, handsomely bound, containing sew
ersl hundred pictures Of high artistic
merit, which will be sold st 81. 70 copy,
which Is about one-fourth the publica
tion price. Also some copies OF Rand and
McNslly's CYclopediR 1t 81 %, worth
four times the price asked Can be seen
at the EVENING JOURNAL Office.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
From Down the RIrer.

Special Correspondence Evening Journal.
DELAWARE CITY, July 30 Miss LILLIAN
T. Hines Is visiting relatives is PhilRdei-
pbia.
Henry w. Reybold is visiting relatives
in Pottsville.
Mrs William Robinson, of Wilmington,
was In town yesterday.
Roy Ayers, who has been visiting
friends in town for some tins, has re-
turned to Philadelphia
Miss May Thompson is visiting relatives
In Wilmington and Sea Island, n
Edward L. StratJon, of Salem, N. j. i,
was In town to-day.
Miss Annie Knock, Of Glassborougb, ia
visiting Miss Lucy OneRirs
Miss Matte Janvier has returned from
q visit to Philadelphia
Mrs George Reybold, who has been
visiting Mrs. ID. Stewart, has returned
to her home
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
A Transfer.

Little Johnnic-Whcn Miss Nexdoor got
married, her mother threw an old slipper
after her What was that fors
Little Ethel-Oh, they always do that
That means that her mamma isn't never
going b spank her any more-Pick Me
tID
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Run over and Badly Hurt.

Special Correspondence Evening Journal
MIDDLETowE, July 29.-Last evening
a traction engine, drawing a thresher
and stacker, passed through this town.
William Bragdon, the 9year-old son OF
J. q. Bragdon, thought it would be fun
TO jump on the stacker and take ride.
In attempting to carry his thohsht into
execution he fell under the wheel Two
of which passed over his stomach. de Is
In q crltical condition.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Card Of Thanks.
Wilmington. Del , July 1e, 1895.

"A. JAeLOMthfs Esq
General Agent for the Massachusetts,
Benefit Life Association,
DEAR SIR. Allow me to express my
sincere thanks for the prompt manner in
which you settled the claim Of One
Hundred Dollars on the life of my boy
Paul Radek. The total premiums
paid were only 81 IA II he had been
In one of ths weekly companies
would only have drawn 500 and would
have had to pay 90 cents q month, while
in the
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

Smyrna has organized q baseball club
for the balance OF the season 10 is
likely that the frst game will be played
at Smyrna on Friday, thl Salisbury
Oyster Eaters being the victims
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
InInrad Rr 2 FalI.

Mrs. Sarah Campbell of No. 500 Poplar
street, fell at Fourth and Market streets
this morning and injarod her hip She
was renewed to her home Ia cab.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

Good times and cheap money never 20
together Oar free silver friends should
remainder that. and II they want silver
they are morally obligated TO make 1t as
good as gold.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

aud are satisfied that their Husbands
should wear the breeches and stand on
the pianacle OF polltical fame.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

1t is said. that though he will make a
spurt In New York, Brysn's FIRST great
effort In the speech line will be made in
Maine, and all the Democrats are expected
to 60 for him wherever they may b.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
H1ARRIED

ROBINSON -BATEs-At 40 West street,
Wilmington. Del, on Tuesday, July e. 1926,
BY Rev. A n. Keigwln. ID. D.. Edward L.
Robinson and Lola T. Bates, both OF VII
mington.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
van Flah at nnttertnn.

Charles Sasse. Arthur W. sWartz
SRumel Southland, Joseph Lawson and
George Marshall will 60 to Betterton,
Nd, on Saturday on fishing trip. They
will take their wheels with them, and
expect to have 3 royal time.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
DO You smoke?

Then do not forget to ask Tor "Clty
Market" manufactured by 81. F Bourbon,
Second and Shipley. For sale by cigar
dealers
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Gone to Libel a Vessel.

Deputy Marshal Hughes went down
the river this morning on the tug Fred
jansen TO libel vessel bound for
Philadelphia
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

Both Mrs. Mckinley and Mrs BRYAN
are said to be model wives They
neither Of them care for wOmRn's rights
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

Ii Hung Chang Is on his way to this
country. Why not get him to make
speech on the currency question. He
ought to know all about it for they have
free ailvsr In China.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
JULY WEDDING BELLS.
Pretty White Wedding of Miss
Lola Bates and E. P. Robinson
A Run DOWN THE DELAWARE
Taken BY a Number ofsociety Folk Last
Night on tho Tug Annie B-Others
Whose Fancy Runs to Camping Ont.
Personal Chat From Smyrna.

All communications intended for insertion
In this column should be addressed 10 Society
munications should be written on one side Of
the paper only.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
POLITICAL NOTES.

State Senator John Pyle says that at
least one Of his opponents for the legislR-
tive nomination will cut no Hsiss.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

Samuel M Knox docs not banker for
political honors Eome time ago he re-
fused the chalrmanahip Of the Republi-
can First District Committee and James
Kitchen was elected in his stead. In
fixing up their legislative ticket this
week the regular Republicans decided TO
nominate him for state senator. Word
to that effect WAS sent TO him at the
thousand Islands. where he and his wife
are sojourning but he wired back his
refusal to stand for the nomination.
Believing him to be in earnest the slate
makers selected new candidate In the
person Of James d. Carter, and be will
doubtless be nominated, with ex-City
Solicitor George A. Elliott as his running
mate.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

Fifth ward Republicans will hold
meeting on Friday evening and elect
delegates to the county convention. Tue
Sixth warders will meet tomorrow
evening.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

Howard E. Stats and Stephen
Downey are spoken OF by Wilmington
Addicksites for their legislative ticket.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Down tho peIawnre.

The tug Annie B took q party down
the Delaware last evening. II consisted
Of Mr.. and Mrs Charles e f.
Whiteley, Prothonotary Victor B. Woolley,
Miss E. G France, Miss Webster,
Henderson Wier, Charles Copeland, d.
q Haskell, ex-Msyor Austin Hsrring-
ton and Thomas +. Bsyard, Jr The
run extended nearly TO Woodland Beach.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

The clerks OF the peace have decided
to leave open for awhile the matter of
the official name Of the Addicgsltes The
regulars are determined that 1t shall not
be Union Republican" claiming that
1t Ia an infringement of the patents GOV
srlng the regular Republican machine.
Evening journal., 1896-07-29
Entertained BY Mr.. and Mrs. Emmone.

Entertained by Mr.. and Mrs. Emmone.
Mr. and Mrs. Harry Emmons enter
tanned number OF the members Of DeIa
ware Avenue Baptist Church at their
home at Gordon Heights last evening.
The grounds surrounding the house
were beautifully decorated for the
occasion
Evening journal., 1896-07-29

w. W. OhealrE, prominent Democrat
Of Delaware City, is q candidate for the
Red Lion hundred legislative nomina