The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-12-11
Especial to the Citizen.I

boxes a few years ago, was lmmeulate-
ly followed by several hundred appIi-
cations for patents on devices of this
kind; and the recent publication OF ar
ticles on the desirability of bottle
that could not he refilled after being
emptied has resulted in about l,OOO
applications. The year 1895 showed
exceptional activity in the following
classes of inventions. In baliDg cot.
ton in closely compacted cylindrical
b les, instead of rectangular bales;
in pneumatic straw packers, blowing
the straw ON the stack and packing it
at the same time; in the treatment of
wool fat, until recently regarded as
a waste product; in excavators, posi-
lily due to the beginning of several
large enterprises such as the Chicago
Canal; in the extraction of aluminium
by electrolytic action; in the extraction
of gold by the use of potassium cyan
ide; in pneumatic drills for cutting
stone; in detail inventions and aces
series to bicycles; and the machines
and processes for making the parts; in
pneumatic tires; in sole-leveiing ma
! chimes, used in shoe manufacture; in
! telephones, due prob bly, to the expi-
! ration of the pioneer patents; in cleo
trio locks, a new art; in alternating
current machines; in car-fenders and
car-couplers; iu burglar-proof express
in nj IL
ments; in games and toys; in pearl
buttons; in wire-gass for sky-lights;
in can labelling machines; in central
draft lamps; i'll curling irons; i'll match
making machines; in calculating IN l.
| chimes; in voting machines; in limo
| typiug and typesetting machines; and
| in the artificial carbOnatiOn of beer.
The formati IN of railway museum
is an important subject now being n
sdered by British Engineers. 1t IS
suggested that such museum could
Uesi e established by the railway COM
panies, and that it should not on
collect and preserve all obtaiuable rel
les Of the cary railway age, nut should
include the mat + al and literature Of
modern railroading.
The use of oxygen gas, either pure or
| diluted with pure air, is regards By
| MIR. George Stuker, who cumrnunl-
Gates some remark able reSu t. of long
experience TO the British Medical Jour
| nal, AS the Sppediest method OF healing
wounds, anu as more econ )Inical as re-
gaids 10th suffering AMI money more
than any other Treatment. Bacteria
| logical study shows that oxygen de-
stroys some micr ,-Or%auisms OF wounds
| and encourages the growth of others.
La every healthy aud rapidly healing
wound or sore, certain mlcrO-organ-
isns regarded as favorable to recovery
are found, while others are looked
upon as unfavorable, and when heal
ing is arrested and retarded
in wound treated by oxygen,
there is corresponding decrease of Ia
vorable and an increase of micro-Ur-
gauisns When this condition arises,
the character of the micro-urganisms
i speedily reversed by increasing the
| oxygen.
The new apparatus for rapidly
printing photosr graphs is now employed
at the establishment of Arthur
Schartz; of Berlin, for illustrat-
ing magazines. The bromide paper
mostly used is about A inches wide
and more than 1000 yards long, al
though width of about Is inches is
sometimes used, and lite-siZe pictures
of men on horseback have been pro-
duced. As many as 10000 copies Of
cabinet photographs have been printe
and made ready for distribution in ten
hours. An elegant print by this pro-
CESS is given in ii Russian Photographic
journal, which states that the ], POO
copies of the edition were Absolutely
identical in tone aud finish.
India rubber, in spite of its growing
scarcity and eXpensiveness, is meeting
with favor as a paving tor streets. IL
was first tried on a bridge in Hanover
a little more than a year ago, and has
proved so satisfactory that experiments
with it for ordinary roadways are be-
ing made in Berlin and Hamburg. 1t
IS said to be perfectly noseless, unaf-
fected by heat or cold. and less slippery
and more durable than asphalt.
, The four seated water velOcipede of
Herr Breyer has two huge screw pro-
pellers, each 81 yards long, which are
made hollow to give them buuyaDcy to
support the entire craft. The prOpel-
lers turn very easily. anu each revolu-
ton gives a forward motion of about 4
yards. With As pedal strokes minute
and q gear of one to two, the speed
would De Is miles
~
A novel idea in telescope mounting
has been one of the striking features Of
the Berlin Exhibition of 1896. Teles-
copes are usually pivoted on an arm
reaching from one side of the tube near
the middle, large instruments requir-
ing movable chair or platform for
the observer. and the apparatus is COW
cred by q movable dome. The new te,-
escope stands on an elevated platform
IN the open air, an extra cylindrical
shell being added for protection. 1t is
pivoted on two arms at the lower end.
the eye-piece being thus made to keen
always in the same sp0t-with only q
change of angle-whether the instru-
ment Is pointed toward the zenith or
the horizon, land the movable platform
for the observer being made unneces-
eary. A massive hOrseshOe-shaped
counterp0ise extends below the eve.
piece. The objective for direct obser-
vatlons with the eye has an aperlure