davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1896-12-25
EVOLUTION OF THE UMBRELLA,
From the Old-Time whalebOue
Spreader to the Bow Channel Steel.


From the New York Sum-
Forty years or so ago umbrellas were
made with stretchers or bows of whale
bone. These bows were rather bulky in
themselves. and they were apt 10 get a lit
tie permanent bend from long use, so that
they bulged when tie umbrella was rolled
up, making the big, baggy umbrella, IA
miliar 20 middle-aged and older veople, and
occas asior ally still seen, though on the stage
oftener than In real life.
With the Introduction of petroleum oil
into general use rs an illuminating Oil. and
the consequent very general abandonment
Of the use of wnale oil came the decline of
the whaling industry. Fewer and fewer
vessels went after whales, because there
was less and less demand for the oil. OF
course, the supply of whalebone decreased
with the supply Of oil, but the price did
not, nor did the demand. There are still
ed most desirable, and with constant de-
mand and decreasing supply, the price OF
whalebone steadily advanced, as ii has con-
tinued to do. Whaleboae soon became too
costly to permit of :ts further Use for UNI
brella spreaders, and substitutes :or 1t were
sought for this use, as there We're for other
uses IN which whalebone had been emrloy-
ed. Steel was the substitute generally used
round, tempered steel rod. With these
slenderer bows the umbrella could be more
srugiy rolled and the old baggy Umbrella
began to disappear, and the modern tight
roller to take Its place.
Then came umbrella bows of tight steel
rolled in V shape, and then. in the quest
for q still tighter roller, umbrella bardles
were made of metal. The first tubing ham
dies were made of brass. Steel would have
been cheaper, but there had been discover
ed no satisfactory method of prazing steel
tubes such as are used In umbrella handles
There is such a method now, however ard
umbrella handles of steel tubing are .,ow
made in greal numbers.
And nowadays maly spreaders are made
of steel, rolled channel-shape1. In cross
section this spreader is shaped something
like capital letter K without tongue
and the ribs of the umbrel.a-the steel rods
that run from the sliding ferrule, or run
ner, as 1t is called on the handle Of the
umbrella, by means of which the umbrella
Is spread--are SO attached and adjusted to
the spreaders that hey shut into the chan
neis when the umbrella is closed.
Evening star., 1896-12-25
A Yacht Racing League.

der the national agreement, no other
league can put clubs in those cities
A Yacht Racing League.
The New York Yacht Club. at recent
special meeting adopted q resolution ad-
racing league to further the interest Of
yachting. The committee has been ap-
pointed, and consists of Commodore Ed
ward M. Brown. Former Commodore Jas.
d. Smith, Former Commodore s. Nicholson
Kane. Former Commodore E. D. Morgan,
Rear Commodore Lewis Cass Ledyard, c..
Oliver Iselin and Charles Postley.
Shot by Davy Force.
Joseph Manning an ex-base ball plsyer
who was recently shot by "'Davy" Force
formerly famous ball player, died yester-
day in San Francisco. The police are look
ing for Force. Force played on the WASH
ington nine in 1885, Washington's first year
in the league He came here from Provi-
deIce with Start, Hines. Carroll, Shaw and
Gill1gan He dropped out of the base ball
world after that and 1t Is said he has been
leading wild, reckless life.
Washington Golf Club Tourney.
The annual tournament for the presI-
dents cup-handicap match play--win take
place on Monday, Tuesday Wednesday and
Thursday. December %, %, 80 and 81.
Members who wish to enter will report
at the club house next Monday morning by
made there then, and play will begin as
soon thereafter as practicable.
On the last day of the meeting medal
will be played for-medal play-also a ham
dicap foursome match for silver cups. The
entrance fee for this latter match will be 81
per player,
Evening star., 1896-12-25

hundred yards OF the port beam. 1t was
very trying to watch the fash In the dark
ness and wait for the crash of splinterins
wood and iron.
The majority of the party showed fighting
spirit, determination and courage, although
in considerable confusion, caused by the
haste of arming. Maj. Morales took CON-
mand on deck under the direction of Col.
Salvo. Four times the flash and report OF
the two-pounder kept the steamer in an un-
comfortable state of suspension. Then a
scattering rifle fire ratified along the after
deck of the filibuster. the whip-like crack
to the deeper-mouthed reports of the Rem
ingtons, and the cannonade of Sharpshoot-
er Germans old Springfield.
Maj. Morales commanded his men to
group astern for volley firing. Forty men,
crowded close. where a Spanish shell, drop
ped in the group. would have done fearful
execution. In the uncertain light the pur-
suers made u bothersome mark, and the
commander waited for another flash and
smoke from the Spanish bow-chaser. Al
the wink of the red light he shouted:
'Uno, dos, tres fuegor
Rife Volley From the Filibuster'a
Stern.
The rife volley crashed in the still night
Ike the fire of a regiment. A thousand
yards astern the water was whipped into
jets of squirting white foam. The launch
gained mildly and faltered. She was out of
dangerous rifle range for firing, however,
and she came on again after a moment.
Seeing that this firing was a waste of am
munition, and that the Hotchkiss cannon
would be far more effective, Col. Calvo
gave the order to cease firing.
The excited Cubans could not forbear
and again banged away five times at the
wide world in solitary attack.
After the fifth shot from the launch the
crew of the twelve-pound Hotchkiss ran
gun on the fflibuster sprang to their places
The colonel had orderer them to load with
shrapnel shell and aim at the launch
This they did. but their aim was not good
owing to their excitement, and the launch
turned back.
Evening star., 1896-12-25
Too Many Syllables,
ON the Chicago Times-Heraii.

From the Chicago T1mes-Herah-
A well-dressed man entered Wabash
avenue florists shop the other day, threw
down s. bill and said he wanted some
flowers to take home. He was quite un-
steady. evidently tapering on a Spree and
the flowers apparently were intended as a
domestic peace offering.
The florist picked out a dozen chrysanthe-
NUNS and the caller started to leave. At
the door he hesitated.
Say he said. thickly, "whatsh these
flowersh, anyway
''Chrysanthemums.
The customer shook his head "Gotter
have something easier" he said: gimme a
dozen pinks."
Evening star., 1896-12-25

From the Chicago Times Herald
Will s. Hays, the famous Kentucky song
writer was. in the latter days of the old
Journal, river reporter for the Democrat
Hays was a very sudden young man, good
hearted, jolly. witty. but lacking some-
what in reverence and he had habit Of
calling persons, even old enough to be his
grandfather, by their given names. Visit
ing Prentice one Cay as a fellow poet, after
some desultory talk, Hays said:
Il suppose. George, you have seen my
last song?'
Prentice looked up at Hays, who was
seated cross-legged on Prentice's table. and
with twinkle in his expressive eyes, quiet
ly replied:
II hope so. BILL
''Bilr' looked around for a second or two,
as If something had tapped him. and then
slid down the baluster-rail to the front
door.
Evening star., 1896-12-25
Mr.. Asbury Peppers.
From the Cincinnati Enquirer.

From the Cincinnati Enquirer.
why do they say as smart as a steel
trap?" asked the talkative boarder. "I
never could see anything particularly intel
lectual about a steel trap"
IA steel trap Is called smart" explained
Mr.. Asbury Peppers, in his sweetest voice,
because it knows exactly the right time
to shut up
More might have been said, but under the
circumstances 1t would have seemed unfit
ting.
Evening star., 1896-12-25
skflfui Calculation.

From the Cincinnati Enquirer.
Tourist-''How In the world do you man.
age to shoot man when you are too in
toxicAted to stand up? I don't see how
you can preserve your accuracy of ainf"
Rubbe-neck Bill-"It II easy enough when
you know how. When you git to seein' q
party double, you 5ist shoot between I'm. %
Evening star., 1896-12-25
HOPE TO BEAT HALE
Ambition of the Entries to the Six
Day Race.
some INCENTIVES TO EIERqIoN
Dayy Force, the Old Ball Player, a
Fugitive.
CURRENT SPORTING NOTES

1t is likely that there will be twelve con-
testants In the six-day eight-hour cycle
race which will begin Monday afternoon at
o'clock at the Ice Palace. The intention
of Manager David Towers was to limit the
nj mber of contestants to ten, but under
the sar ction for the race, as AFFORDED by
the League of American Wheelmen, the
race is an open one, and he is obliged to
admit all applicants. To limit the number
the entry fee has been placed at 800 each,
and this sum is likely to keep out good
m any. Albert, the well-known long-dts-
tance rscer. will probably enter being un-
able to participate In the recent event at
Madison Square on account Of broken
collar bone. Another entry will be that of
some young man in Scranton, Pa, who is
backed by a bicycle firm in his native
town. Rice represents Wilkesbarre and
there is a deadly rivalry between the two
cities, The hackers of the new entry feel
certain that their man cannot only defeat
Rice. but can also beat little Teddy Hale,
tie Irish lad who came in ahead at Madison
Square Garden fortnight ago.
Inducements to Win.
There is much more upon the coming
event than one would suppose, and most
all of the American riders are receiving an
extra salary for riding some particular
make of wheel. Only the other day a
Washington dealer offered one of the con-
testants 500 if he succeeded in winning
the race by riding his make of wheel, and
representative of the manufacturing
company of the same machine being pres
ent offered to give additional $500 to
the rider If he secured victory on his BAN
ner- This makes a total of 500 extra, and
with the first prize of s1.4OO the rider
would clear Sl,SU by the weeks work If
he succeeded in beating the field, large
enough sum to induce him to extraordinary
eXertion
L. is quite certain that DO ocal man will
enter the endurance race, although the
name of John Fister was brought forward
by number of people The only chance
the local riders will have is after 10 O'Clock
In the evening, when the big race for the
day ends. 1t is possible that Manager
IowerS Will permit some of the local rid
ers to go against some records of the local
cycling world, and 1t is also likely that
several races will be arranged for the pub
lie. though nothing definite has been set
tied. The suggestion that a regular indoor
cycle meet be held for one evening has
been made and is under consideration.
though it is hardly likely that anything
viii be done in this line, as the width of
the track Is too narrow for any large field
A spill on the track is something to be
avoided. This is the first chance the local
wheelman have ever had of riding upon an
indoor track, and il is likely that they will
take full advantage of any opportunity
allowed them.
The delayed arrival of Teddy Hale the
champion. is only increasing the interest
in the local public. Teddy, after making
81 40 in one week by his good riding is
now making S4OO addition by posing in a
as his engagement is up he will come to
the city.
Evening star., 1896-12-25
Tie Foreign WhecImen.

The balance Of Plummer's string of rae
ers are here. getting in condition for the
work for next week, though not all of
them will be In the big race. They are all
quartered in boarding house on X street
near the Ice Palace. and are dividing the
time between training and sight seeing.
The EEglishmen are well equipped for
all kinds of bicycle riding. They have a
big stack of luggage, and among the lot
are four Quads, which will be used for pac-
ihS Tom Linton in his attempts at Anne ri
can records. and world records, for that
matter This is perhaps the first time
that quad has Ieer seen in this city,
but II Will seem trifle small to those who
inspected the seXtuplet at the cycle show
last spring. Besides ihe four qGads the
English contingent of cycle racers have
it mast be admitted, look soIiiC what clum-
sy against The American make of bicycles.
Nest of the single wheels of the visitors
are fitted with a peculiar lever chain, which
looks much heavier and more cumbersome
than it really is. Instead of fiat links, as
in the chain of American make, the chain
is constructed of a number of small tri-
angles, at the bottom of which, working
easily on small axle, are little wheels.
The sprocket wheels have no teeth but
slots in them at regular intervals, and into
these slots the little wheels of the chain
fit when the cycle is In motion. Another
conspicuous thing is the size of the main
sprocket, which in good many Cases Is
ten inches In diameter, giving the wheel
the appearance of gear of over 100 This
Is mistake, however, as the rear sprOck-
ct is increased in proportion, reducing the
gear to about seventy or eighty.
Evening star., 1896-12-25
Estimated.
From Life.

Bingo: THAT doctor must have found
out how much I am worth"
Mrs. Bingo: "WhyT"
II just got his bill"
Evening star., 1896-12-25

RumOr That Undergraduates and
Alumni Disagree on This Point.
From the New York Sun.
There was q rumor among college men
yesterday to the effect that the under
graduates at Yale are seriously contem-
plating the plan of sending another crew
to Henley next year. In fact, it can be
stated On reliable information that several
undergraduates interested in Yale rowing
matters visited certain prominent alumni
in this city recently with the idea Of rails
ing more subscriptions for another trip
of the crew to England and met with Do
lite but firm refusals. 1t Is stated by a
well-knoWn Yale graduate, who was in
strt mental In raising large sum toward
defray1ng the expenses of the crew last
July. that the opinion of the most infiuen-
tial Yale alumni Is very much against an
other trip to Henley.
While the Yale crew was treated royalty
In England last summer" he said '.an-
other trip might not be regarded with as
much favor by Englishmen. They perhaps
would look upon 1t as merely an expedition
pure sport and good fellowship. Yale grad
yates believe that the crew should now
remain at home for time and meet some
OF the crack American crews If the un-
uergfadUates decide to send crew abroad
again, they will do so at their own ex-
pense, as the alumni will positively re-
fuse TO subscribe for such trip In view
or the circums tances.''
Base Ball.
Pitcher Nichols of the Bostons is travel
| ing for cigar firm.
Jay Faatz, formerly a star ball player.
owns hotel in Syracuse
Ed McKean of the Cleveland club has en-
tered the field as a wrestler.
The Charleston Is. c. club of the South
| eastern League has signed Charles w.
Boyer of Hagerstown, Md
Buck Ewing says the fight for the pen-
nsnt next year will be between Baltimore.
Cincinnati, Cleveland, Boston and New
York.
Corcoran says he will not play with the
Cincinnati Reds unless he gets an increa so
| OF 500 on his salary and half of the 81 (NO
Dor us paid to Brooklyn.
Fred Clarke of the Louisville nine ia
promised a bonus of 500 IL he keeps in
good shape during the season. Good be-
havior figured in Clarke's pay will be 81. 400
| for the season.
Thomas Burns, the captain and acting
manager OF last years Newarks has been
signed to captain and manage the Hartford
Atlantic League base ball team for the
coming season. His release was secured
from the Newarks for $500.
President Young has problem on hand.
II Is the matter of Richmond and Norfolk
Withdrawing from the Virginia League and
| going into the Atlantic Association The
| other CLUBS IN the league claim that the
| territory Of Richmond and Norfolk belong
Evening star., 1896-12-25
Paradoxicnl.

From the Indianapolis Journal
What makes Nudge look SO vacant p,
He ID full"
Evening star., 1896-12-25

to the Virginia State League. and that, un-
der the national agreement, no other
league can put clubs in those cities
Evening star., 1896-12-25


Meantime Walsh had summoned a guns
crew to the bow and was loading the
Hotchkiss.
"I'll sink her before she is alongside of
us assure as l am Irish!' said this man.
of-warsman.
A tall Columbian artilleryman stood be.
side him priming the shell. w. J. Taylor
Kentucky guardsman. was the third man
at the gun.
A Cuban colonel shouted to the Colum-
bian not to fire until he got the word, and
the order was transmitted to the Irishman
and the American.
These events occupied only q few seconds.
The rifiemen were grouped aft. 1t was ten
minutes before midnight. The f1libuster
was plain mark in the moonlight. The
launch could be seen plainly now, as sne
had run out OF the shadow Of the hills.
Every eye was upon her. Suddenly q
great tongue Of fire flashed from her bow
and q cloud Of white smoke curled and
rose above her.
Evening star., 1896-12-25
WASH. B. WILLIAMS,
Furniture, &c, 9TH and D SITS.
Holiday
Callers
should find the home looking at its
best.
Here few hints that may suggest
some Of your nerds:
Lace Curtains.

Lot of 81 $3.50 and s2.75 Nottingham
ss:s'-. e 81 ,,'. ''''''s' 's%s' ST so pr.
Reception Chairs.
Gilt Reception Chairs, in pink and
gold. blue and gold d en
and, and white ] and gold b Il oSW
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1896-08-12
Highest Of all in Leavening PowerIates. cow Renc
Democra,,c Na,,ona. COMMITTEES.

NEW YORK, August lit was at
ter l:15 when the Democratic Nation
al Committee got together and Senat-
or Jones, Chairman, declared it open
for business. The discussion imme-
diately arose to the selection Of a
place for headquarters. After a
little discussion the matter was laid
aside While Senator German offered
a resolution that the chair appoint a
committee of twenty five to be known
as the Executive Committee and a
committee of twenty-five to be known
as Campaign Committee, Chairman
Jones to be ex-otficio mem Der of each
committee. The resolutions further
reclte that the Campaign Committee
be allowed to select its Chairman,
either from its own members or from
outside. and also select an Advisory
Committee from the out side The
resolutions were adopted without a
dissent.
German followed them up with
this:
Resolved, That the Campaign
Committee, when appointed, shall be
in conjunction with the chairman OF
the National Committee. and select
pc manent headquarters for the Ma
tional Committee"
The members hailed this as happy
solution of the vexed question and it
was adopted with little delay.
Treasurer st. John reported the ar
rapgements he had made for the
notification meeting Tomorrow night,
and the committee adopted resolu
tions of thanks to him and assistants
and adjourned.
CHICAGO, August lit is be-
ieved here that the headquarters of
the Democratic National Committee
will be located at Washington, with
branches at Chicago and New York.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1896-08-12
For County Recorder.

Lee r. Parsons of Tuscarora tells
the people of Elko County to-day that
he wants the Office of Recorder for
the next two years. Mr.. Parsons
came to the county seventeen years
ago and has resided here ever since.
He is one OF the old stand bys of Tus-
carora where he followed mining for
a livelihood.
/ Mr.. Parsons was an earnest Re-
publican until his party went wrong
on the silver question and he then
left it and cast his fortunes with the
Silver party of Nevada. He is now
an enthusiastic supporter of Bryan
and Sewall.
He is thoroughly qualified TO FL
the Office of Recorder and ex-Officio
Auditor of Elko county. His courte-
BY Ia proverbisl and should he receive
the nomination at the hands Of the
Silver party he will be hard man to
beat. II elected, the people will
have an honest. courteous officer who
will faithfully guard the finances OF
the county. a. t,k "
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1896-08-12
A brakeman Injured

Tuesday night as passenger train
No. 2 was pulling out brakeman J..
W. Landon met with an accident
that will probably lay him up for some
time. He was on the top of one of
the coaches chasing some tramps off
the cars when the train started and,
losing his balance, fell backward off
the car. landing on his feet, and fell
striking the back of his head. on the
ground with sufficient force to render
him nsensible. Mr.. Harris saw him
fall and ran to his assistance. Other
help soon arrived and the injured
man was taken to the Depot Hotel
and DR.. Hood summoned. The train
was not stopped and the trainmen
knew nothing of the accident until
they arrived at rarGn. Landon was
badly shaken up and was taken to
the hospital at Sacramento on No. 4
to-day. DR.. Hood says he is not
seriously injured and will soon be
all right again. ..... .,..
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1896-08-12
NoLICE OF SALE
ofHirh School Bonds.

VI High ScnOOI BOn0as
Notice is here by given. that the Board Of
County Commissioners Of Elko County Ne
v tda, will receive sealed bids up to O'Clock
p. NJ. on the 9Th day Of September 1895, for
the purchase of Five Thousand (e5,OOO.f0)
dollars Of Elko County's Bonds, authorized
by an act Of Legislature, entitled IAN act
authorizing and directing the Board Of
County Commissioners Of Elko county, State
Of Nevada, to Issue bonds for the purpose
OF providing means TO establish, construct
and maintain County High School in said
County, !" approved March 10; 1895.
2 Said Bonds to be issued IN sums Of not
less than Five Hundred. (s5OO00) dollars
each ia lawful money Of the united States
and shall boar interest from date, at the
rate Of six per cent. to9S) per annum, inter
est payable annually on tho First day OF
January, 1897, and each wear thereafter.
One Thousand (f0O0) dollars on the prinot-
pal Of said Bonds shall be payable January
I, 1909. and One Thousand 01,oc0) dollars Of
said principal shall be payable the First
day Of January each year thereafter.
Said bids shall be directed to the Clerk OF
the Board Of County Commissioners, Elko
County, Nevada, and marked "Sealed Bids
for the purchase OF High School Bonds"
The Board shall reserve the right 70 reject
any and all BIDS.
3u JOHN HENDERSON,
county Clerk
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1896-08-12
400 Raunrd. 300

The readers Of this paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least
one dreaded disease that SCIENCE has
been able to cure in all it's stages and
that Is Catarrh. Halls Catarrh Cure
IL; the only positive cure now known
TO the medical fraternity. Catarth
being a constitutional disease, re
guires a constitutional treatment.
Halls CatRrrh Cure is taken inter.
nally. acting directly upon the blood
and mucous surfaces Of the system,
thereby destroying tho foundations Of
the disease, and giving the patient
strength by building up the constitu.
ton and assisting nature IN doing it's
work. The proprietors have 80 much
faith in it's curative powers. that they
offer One Hundred Dollars for any
case that it fails to cure. Send for
list of Testimonials.
5, FL. CHENEY & Co.,
Toledo. o.
k~6old nv drHouiets. 75e.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1896-08-12
C-n.rnI Committee Meeting.

The Silver Party County Central
Committee are hereby notified that
there will be meeting of said Com
mittee at the Court house on the
evening of August 15 at o'clock,
sharp, for the purpose of filing va
cancies and the transaction of such
other business as may properly come
before the meeting.
By request Of
COMMITTEE.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1896-08-12

Feed the Nerves upon pure, rich
blood and you will not be nervous.
Rure blood comes by taking Hoods
Sarsaparilla which is thus the great
est and best nerve tonic.