The herald-advance. (Milbank, S.D.) 1890-1922, 1896-01-24
FARMERS INSTITUTE.
An Interesting Session of Three
DAYS, with DiscussiOn Of Prac.
ttCnl Hnd Important
Subjects.
w EDNESDAY NIGHT.

| Professors Phillips. Hansen and Tru
man arrived and Thursday forenoon wa.
spent in small informal meeting led h,
Professor Phillips in discussion of gard
enlng. Afternoon found good audience
assembled, and Prof. Phillips gave his
lecture on "Silo and Ensilage'. This
WAS devoted to a description Of sllo il
general. The round silo was recon
mended and very full description was
given Of the manner Of its erection.
A round silo IA teet in diameter anC
thirty feet high holds 105 tons and vii
cost from SlOO TO 'sl2o after deduc,ine
price ot labor which each man can d.
for himself The average iced OF en-
sllage is ~ pounds per COW per day and
in 200 days II ccw needs four ton. A silC
ot this size would hold enough Tor %
cows and it properly CONSTRUCTED vii
last l5 or 20 years. Ensllage spoils al
the top and wherever il comes in COP
tact with air. A silo may be covered
cheaply or else may be lett open. in
which case a loot or so Of The sllage will
lspoll, but this may be cheaper than to
roof it. In order to keep the ensilage
sweet at least two or three inches should
be ted of each day. Plenty Of Time
may he taken in filing silo Three
weeks was the maximum given by the
nrnfocSn FHhn TINA ~.
tor ensilage is from The Time II is glazed
until i, is nearly ripe. 1t is found to
keep better at this time than at nn
earlier period.
Prot. Hansen followed with a talk on
trees; with reference % the station
hu letins on the subject he passed over
forest trees but mentioned the Siberian
Artemlsia, small tree which is grown
very succ .ssfuly at the Manil oba EX-
pertinent Station west OF Winnipeg. 1t
is tree about 10 to % feet in height and
thick and compact, making an excellent
wind break. The subject of apples and
orchard forests Was then considered
The speaker held that we could grow all
the apples we need tor our own use il we
plant the right Kinds. He recommend
ed the following kinds, and showed
samples of Hibernal, a rare winter apple.
best for cooking; Charlamoff IA SIMMER
apple. Anlsim, sometimes called the
Jonathan OF the North, a fine eating ap
pie and IN early and heavy bearer.
OF the crabs the Minnesota is SOW
bearer but hardy. The Virginia is also
q good variety and very hardy.
The Wealthy here is not hardy unless
top graded into hardy stock ike the
Hlberaal. Most apple trees offered tor
sale by travelling agents are not properly
grated, but the hardy scion is iredded
onto Seeding root grown from weak
southern seed. The result is that The
root kills out and the variety is cast
aside as useless. The speaker illus
trated with scions and roots the proper
and improper combination. When we'll
done the scion will be about six inches
long and the hardy root will be about
Two. Then it should be planted at
depth to encourage the roofing Of the
scion in time, so as to soon be entirely
independent Of the rootgraft. Plant
young trees-not over two years old
they are much surer to grow. In plant
ng lean the trees little 10 the south /
vest, 1t helps prevent sunscad. 1t is
rood plan to enclose the trunk of each
rec with wire mosqueto netting to keep
1T raDblls, mice and borers This net
ing is cheap and will last four or five
Years. The shelter belt for the orchard
should be on the southwest. Trees will
70 better planted on a northeast slope. /
because they do not start quite SO early
n the spring
Prof. Phillips then took up the SUD
ect Economy on the Farm He stated
hat the average rainfall in the eastern
tates is forty inches hat Of which runs
to- ~n the hillsides into the small streams
nd is Immediately lost to the soil. The
Iverage rainfall in eastern South Dakota
8 twenty inches, not more than two or
hree inches Of which is carried off bv
'nr streams. Hence our supply of soil
moisture is not SO very different from
points further east. 1t has been deter
mined however that in the east the
lvefage annual evaporation when un-
Instructed, as on lake, is about thirty !