Cottonwood report. [volume] (Cottonwood, Idaho) 1893-1901, 1896-09-04


lake, spring or pond; or such
nav be pumped to temporary
3 =zx or tank lying above them,
~ this conducted through ditch
~ or hose to the fields, and with
.smping is always necessary,
Home and Farm.
n in case of small systems con-
and operated by a single in
~ X|4 ar only a few associated per-
81 *ltches usually begin with
NAL from which smaller ditch
y 81 <<cb off to various neighborhoods,
s XII + -<,xn these still smaller bitches run
n I'LL farms. bitches covered anu
tith lumber or cement prevent
4 tvVater by seepage or evaporation
VA ISL first cost is so great that TINS
~ & W. la cticed except where water Is
q .<3 &5I1rce and high. Even then purl-
& <2~4 If iron or even earthenWare
81 l5{<<fba more durable and cheaper
|8 x16St cases.
a x<12t6 humping is done hydrauic
+ IL 81 hest when it is necessary u
q <I< {ko water only one to three feet.
& &&>. 81 the hydraulic ram. windmllls
/, ..| 81 &. where there is sufficient wlnd
&. 1~.S<ate them, and after these come
n & NJ Mower, gasoline, gas and morse
1ox4ar Humps, wheels. etc.
E ~ {6r REQUIRES a head or pressure
..}15<tr33f to cause it to flow rapidly
ND lid land or down the furroW' else
I S>fl{ <all soak into the ground near
81 s<< 81 first falls. All attempts to IT.
.<..s Il. 4irectly from the small stream
~ "a ,<,r,,es from the pump fail, as the
W. <>< i,ever reaches more than one or
;l}r n.sndred feet, Hence the neces-
|iLy Of Dumping into temporary reser-
<<r.ir TN enough is accumulated 10
r;x<z fi4z. fesired pressure and speed.
49, <><4.rtruct such a reservoir, remove
IA IA and soil from the whole area to
~ &oV4red. including the broad foun-
Isfions of the bank, as the water VIII
eok out through soil ana sou
rhen plow and scrape the SUI
oil to the sides to form the BANKS
rhe banks should be fifteen feet Wloe
i Gle bottom and three feet Wloe on
% ana six feet high, thus giving the
ia6s Ii slope of at least As degrees
never make a steep bank, especlalIy
.ext to The water. When the bank Is
pillow. harrow and pulverlze
he BOTTOM of the reservoir as hnely as
possible and with sharp toothed hand
AXE pulverize the inside slope OF the
,ank and apply water enough to mix
Ills pulTerized dirt into a puddle as
hin aA thick cream. This will prevent
sal<fr1E Use both hands and pare
Ut of Seyeral persons in making the
Iu{l d1e Fill the reservoir with water
,efore the puddle dries, and then never
,ermif II to remain empty long enough
Il SSAf drv. as every crack from drying
vill leak. Now put the soil that was
|r<i removed upon the outside of the
,auk ana sod it over or seed it to some
.raas that will make close tough
"a ID pfxVent washing down in heavy
aims. AID outlet pipe should be put IN
,osition an inch or two above the
round. When the foundation OF the
,anj< is made, and the bank can then
" built up over it. Make this pipe
4 rye enough, and put in trap gate at
he inside end, to stick up out OF the
"a Tell 0rotecting entrance to same by
csrn SCREEN to keep out distractions.
Il course This reservoir must be on the
.{eleef portion of the ground irrl-
.afed. Such a reservoir is necessary
d al cases of irrigation by pumping
Whether from well, lake or stream, ana
n era4ltx Irrigation from springs, eX-
ept III the case of very large springs.
,l1s reservoir is filled during the night
n durint Intervals between applica-
ions 81 water to the land.
In estimating the number OF acres
our pump will supply, remember that
takes 5000 gallons to cover an acre
Il inch deep, and the crop should have
his much every ten to fourteen days
d very dry weather; hence find out
low many Gallons your pump supplies
a fcn minutes, and as there are six
Imes tenn Minutes in an hour, multiply
his BY six and that product by the
lumber 81 hours your pump will run
4 ten days, and divide by $4,000; the
noflenf WIN be the number of acres
our purnp will supply in the dryest
STORAGE Reservoirs to catch storm
water are made by damming up ra-
ines. eorees, draws and streams. In
heir construction. and in the con-
frucfion of bitches and canals, 1t is
ways ADVISABLE to employ colnpe-
ent civil Engineer.
Irrigation water is applied to the field
D be Wdtered in one of four ways,
amely U{rst, it may be showered up
n the crops, but this is too slow, ex-
epf FOR sInall lawns and gardens. Sec
nd, tt may be applied through sys-
EN- Of Dor1s tile, or drains, laid under
round and, on level land, this Is by
air the best way, since 1t avoids loss
y eraDoration, prevents baking Of the
round and involves less labor in ap-
lying the water and in subsequent cul-
ivafi0u This is called sub-irrigation. |
ne <II<t cost of this system is so great
hat Il ia rarely used. Third, small
idees are made by pillow or ridging
Machine Eiich ridges crossing each 9TH
r So as 60 form square checks or ba-
ms I4e. ten or more rods long; these
re E{led With water in turn, beginning
With those on the highest land. and
rom these the water runs to the next,
nd So tn The lowest checks are food
a. TAle IS generally called the flood
1E s{sfez.1 and is generally practiced
vita 41[4Ifa. small grain, etc., and
oiue dimes with hoed crops. Fourth.
he W4<9< may be run into burrows be-
~e<u The rows of the growing crop
r 1rcIn<1 until the adjacent land is
{|I|le'snlIT moist. This is the system
p most Etneral use with hoed crops
110 0E<nafds. The water is supplied
g H|<4E arrows from a ditch or pipe