Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1896-06-15
"Haye you any pure chloride of tin with

Have you any archiI with your"
II have not. but I have some cudbear,
which contains the dye principles of
| Mr.. Hodges was then handed the alleged
Will, and his attention was specially called
| 70 the particular word upon which Expert
Carvalho performed his experiment
Now, professor, on the supposition that
| the word had been treated with pure mu-
riate Of tin would you be satisfied that the
results have shown the presence of archil
| in the ink?'
''Muriate Of tin bleaches archil, while
| this word shows a brownish hue that
could never have been brought about by
| the action of muriate of tin on archll. i
| can say positively and hey ond a question
that the experiment has not shown the
presence of archil in the ink with which
this paper was written
Class i'm Chemistry.
Upon the suggestion of Mr.. Butterworth
| permission was given the witness to make
| an experiment upon the alleged will. Mr..
| Worthington picked out a word In the
| paper for him to operate on. Again lit
| tie table was placed In front of the wit
| ness chair. and was filled up with some of
| the appliances of a laboratory. All the
| lawyers in the case lined up In front of the
! table as II the teacher had called the first
class In chemistry to stand up The pro-
| lessor explained with the greatest care
| the nature Of all the acids he was about
| TO use In his test, and what results he an
ticipated After applying his first chemi-
cal he said he was satisfied there was iron
| in the ink.
| The witness stated his treatment Of the
| ink produced the color 'Prussian blue,
| and ''Prussian blue always contains iron.
| In designating this as an iron Ink ne said
| that II was in contradistinction to carbon,
| logwood and aniline inks. Archil ne said,
| if it were used at all. being red in color.
| would be used in logwood inks, which are
| the only commercial inks that are red
Mr. Butterworth suggested that the wit
| ness apply some of his own pure muriate
| of tin to the writing. Mr.. Hodges said that
| he did not regard such a test of the
| slightest value in distinguishing certainly
| the ingredients of the ink.
During the course of his experiments
| Mr. Hodges happened to refer to the al
| legged will as "old paper
II object to that, your honor" said Mr..
| Worthington. 1.-The witness has not been
asked as to the age of this paper. That is
| the question the jury is called upon to de-
| eide"
Il presumed 1t was an old paper" the
witness explained.
You mean you were told 1t was"
Judge Bradley ordered the answer to be
stricken out.
In reply to question from Mr.. Butter
worth the witness said that nothing had
| developed which led him to suspect the
| presence of archil. Neither was there any
| thing in these tests which enabled him to
speak with any definiteness as to the age
| of the document 1t was his opinion, how
within the last twenty years he would have
discovered the presence of analine blue,
which for even more than that length Of
| time has been regarded as very valuable
| ingredient of ink and has been generally
| used by the manufacturers He found none
| in the ink of the alleged will.
| Revertins again TO the subject Of archl,
| the witness said that a red dye would
| rever have been used in black ink, nor
| would a fugitive" color like archil have
been used with permal ent color.
Mr.. Carvalho, WI lie on the stand some
| days ago, stated that while he was rot a
| chemist, he was familiar with the chemical
qualities of all inks.
In answer to question today from Mr..
| Butterworth Mr.. Hodges said that ne did
| not think IT possible for a man to be a
| chemist in inks without being up in gen
| eral chemistry, for, in his opinion, the
! subject Of ink is Of the most difficult
| and complicated in all chemistry.
At this point the usual midday recess
was taken.
More Tests.
At the afternoon session of the trial the
| eAaminatit of Mr.. Hodges as to the chem
ical qualities of archil as well as of inks
was continued for some little time Asked
whether archil had been Used in Arnoid's
| inks during the last ten or twelve years
the witness said that he old not think il
was, nor did he know whether IT would be
possible to determine the presence OF ar
chill in the ink in question.
AT the request of Mr.. Butterworth, the
witness applied some muriate of tin to one
of the words in an old letter from Judge
Holt to one of his Kentucky relatives. On
the strength of this test he expressed the
opinion that the ink with which it was
written was different to that in the al
legged Will: but on his second test with
acids he said that they We're both iron inks
and of the same general character.
Inc witness was then turned over to Mr..
Worthington for cross-examination He
re ha 11.,r..
a letter from Judge Holt which was written
February Z, 1873, the date Of the will.
lie said that there was marked differ
eilce In the color.of the ink. This, he said.
might be accounted for on the theory that
the two papers had not received the same
treatment and that one had been more ex-
posed to light and air than the other.
In answer to a question, Mr.. HodSes said
that no matter what the contents of Mr.
Carvalho's vial, it would have the same eff
feet on two different papers, providing the
Ink was the same.
The witness was asked then to applv a
few drops of the chemical that Mr. Car
valho said was muriate Of tin to the will
and to a couple of letters from Judge Holt.
one dated June ID, 1873
While waiting for the chemical to ce. in
Its work the cross-eXamination was con-
tinued. Mr.. Hodges said that archil is de-
rived from lichen, and not from the algae
or maritime plants.
Mr.. Worthington then read from the En-
cyclopaedia Britannica to the effect that
these lichens are found on trees and rocks
along the seacoast. Mr.. Hodges said that
this might be so, but still it did not make
them form of sea weed.
This concluded the cross-examination.
and the witness then stated that his chem
ical tests had shown no differences in the
composition Of the several inks and salts
fed him that Mr.. Carvalhos mixture was
practically the same as his own. He adj
mitted that the resultant color in the case
of the ink in the will was slightly darker
than In the letters of about the same
date. He thought that this difference
might be accounted for by the charring of
tie paper in the alleged will, but in re-
Spouse to a question from Mr.. Worthington
he admitted that he was unable TO say
that the paper had been charred in the i'm
mediate vicinity of the words on which he
lad experimental.
Maj. Throckmorton WIS then recalled to
the stand, and identified a letter which Mr.
Darlington handed to him as one his wife
had received in 1881 from Judge Holt, in
which he spoke of some difficulty that
grew up in the family some time before
that In it he exonera tel Mrs. Throch-
morton and spoke of the major as a con-
slant and true friend.
AT this point the court took an adjourn
ment until tomorrow morning.
Jameson Held for Trial.