The morning times., 1896-08-23

foreigners and foreign forces against each
other for the protection OF China.
He has not neglected in the midst of al
this to further his Own interests.
As consequence he has made many
enemies, especially among the literary
classes, who are opposed to everything
scientific ard foreign. They are devoted
to the Chinese classics alone and literature
Is to them something as religion Is To the
priesthood OF other nations. By ihctsaching
OF the literary class he has been made
unpopular with the masses OF the people
because he is sid to be friend Of
foreigners and employing foreign ideas,
labor and machinery, and even for the
discipline which he has maintained in his
province. lie has been abused as the
friend and ally of the japanese and Of the
Germans.
HIS RAPID PROMOTIONS.
koutiedgc's compilation on men of tie
| day says that Earl Ii was made minister
plenipo:cntiary in 1866. viceroy or Hong
kuang in 1e67, and grand chancellor I'm
1865. After the Tien-Tsin massacre in
1870 he was dcsp,iled of his little and other
wise punished on charge OF not giving
assistance TO the general in command But
IN Ie - he was restored to De grand cItancei-
lor. He negotiated favorable treaties with
feru and Japan. He was instrumental in
preventing IiusSian CgresSion in l : so when
Gortion again visited the country and cave
his counsel
of iate Earl Ii has been viceroy ar tH.
Metropoitan province of Pc chih-Ii. and
as Such chief administrator OF the en- pire.
lie mas pursued liberal policy toward for
eSners and permitted coal mining and
Coast trade 10y them
Mr BoUlger, in his article in the Com
temporary Review. referred to above
quotes from an unpublished letter nr Gen.
Gordon, of the year 1880, as follows.
There are three parties at Pekfn 1.
II Hung Chang: =, The Court: 3. TIE
Lterary Class. Ii Hung Cham. is a rohya
fellow and worth giving ones life for a
Mr. BOuiger says that there are three
reforms before the Chinese penple which
Ii probably is working for These ere
the overthrow of the power of the Court
of CensOrS, who have a veto unon every
governmental move if they find il d,ei
not accord with the Confucian cole Of
ethics. of which they are the chief inter.
prefers.
lHtA are the Eeau or tle literary Class
Next is the reduction of the viceroys to a
position mere fully subordinate to the gen.
eral government. The last is the removal
of the capital from Peking, which is toe
much exposed. to the city of Hankow,
which is protected from foreign invasion by
being in the center of the empire.
Ex-Secretary Fostcr. in his article in ths
Century, says:
Although the greatest general his co,in-
try has prodtced in this century. Ii Hung
Chang Is pre-emincuty man of pence
Confucius, whose disciple he is proud TO
call himself. taught the folly Of war. sud
the practice of the government and Chinese
society in this respect is inspired by his
teachings. While Japan has exalted ths
warlike spirit, and there the soldier ls
the idol of the people. in China the soldier
is lightly esteemed and always takes rank
below the literary class. But, not withstand
Ing this peaceful spirit. there is 1ften
war party in China aud on two or three
memorable occasions it has fallen 'o the
lot of the viceroy Ii to be placed III an.
IN