The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-03-26

light Of day. Tho same Is true
81 several species Of burrowlng AMI.
mails Of the mole and mouse tribes.
Indeed. all the vertebrate animals have
Two eyes. whether they use them or
not
Not al animals have these two eyes
Numerically placed IN the head. one
on each side. Certain fishes which ap-
parently swim on the side. such as m
tarbot have both eyes on one the dark
side OF their head. That this Is not
due to a simple twist Of the head has
been demonstrated BY Prof. sieenstrup
more than twenty years ago.
Al times by what Is termed arrested
development animals and even human
beings appear as cyclops. or having one
eye only. But who ever heard Of a
third eye IN man or beasig And yet
recent researches provo that man and
all vertebrates seem 70 possess the rndi-
menls Of a third eye
This discovery Is not oaly very IN
terestlng. but also remarkably lastruc-
tive. since the rudimentary third eye
Of man has by one Of The most noted
philosophers OF modern days been
looked upon a. being the seat Of the
soul.
AZ organs By proper use dcyeiop in
strength and perfection. 50 they be-
come weak BY lack Of use. n for many
years an organ should remain without
use IL structure Ia time becomes sim.
pier and more imperfect. n such
process continues through ages an or
gan BY constant dlsuse will become ne
duoed 10 a mere rudiment ii what Il
was In the species using the same.
Thus species Of birds that only walk
and run. but never ny. have only rudl-
mentary wings. az the ostrich. while IN
the eagle and the albatross the wings
are seen In n state Of perfection.
Now. In closely examining the skulls
OF certain lizards Il was found that
near the top Of The head under the
dark. Opaque skin and often IN the
very hone. sn almost perfect eye tx
lists. though no say Of light could ever
reach Il.
This eye shows n crystalline lens. e
retina Of very complex structure anal
an optic nerve-ln fact. an the essen
tial parts Of a perfect ere. nnt being
covered by the opaque skin OF the AMI
nal. Il Is absolutely uselesa
II this optic nerve II traced 20 the
brain Il Is found to connect the eye
with the so-called plneal gland Of the
brain. The plneai gland Il. Of course.
IN no sense Of the word a real gland.
but a definite portion Of the nervous
tissue Of the brain. invariably located
Just back and partly over the cere-
brum. and IN trent Of the rounded brain
mass which generally Is considered TO
correspond to the corpora quadrigemlna
IN man.
The third eye Of the spotted liz,rl
Is called tho plneal eye. on account o.
the nerve connection O. is retina with
the plneal gland.
Now. while In certain lizards the
highly developed eye "a useless be-
cause Il Is covered by opaque skin and
IN others even deeply hedded IN hone.
!, would seem probable that To an car
llcl stage Of development this pine
eye was not rudlmentary but IN cor
slant use. A very slight modification
would accomplish shis--namcly. lhe
transparency Of the ska covering TIC
eve. This Is exactly the condition a
the normal eyes In reptiles to-day: tho
skin covers them. but It Is iranspaf.
ent where L passes over The eve.
/ In the skulls Of some 81 the eiganiic
reptiles 81 tho earlier age Of this globe
paleonsologlsls have long ago found 4
large. round perioratlon. Probably
this was the socket Of the third or Din.
cal eye OF the ichthyosaurus the bic.
siosaurus ard the labyFinthodon.
1 But q much more important conclr-
sion must be drawn nom this discot
cry. namely. that In an yericbratcs
even including man. the traces OF thl.
third eye remain to-day. The nincal
eye Of lizards. being connected with
the large plneal gland itself Is bat ihs
nerve center. or optic lhalmus, for ihl'
third cyc. In an reptiles and ON.
phihla tha plroal sland il large. 50 3
Is also In fishes.
In higher animals the ce.cbrnm de-
vclops very much. oscrgrowing th'
more poslerior portions 81 the brain
by tAis rrcaondcranco q the uerv,
moss the plncal gland becomes covere
with cercbrum and assumes more an
moro rudlmenlary form. 30. u g.
mains With obstinate pcrtlnecity Il &
even always present 10 ,aaps.
here only the slze Of pea and Fadel!
resembling a pine cone In shape
seems also lcgcnelsied IN structure
having hardly any nervous Tissue
These facts Of form and structure hav
given rise 10 ia name. that 81 pines