The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-12-27
Under the Ice to the North Pole.

the remarkable achievements OF
Peary and Nansen, seems likely not
only 10 carry this form of research,
for some time at least, on the flood,
bit to call out the energies of work
in a manner and to an extent that
have not heretofore been known.
Ten years ago any plan Of attain
ing the pole by means OF a balloon
sailing from latitude not higher
than that of Spitzbergen, would have
been secuted as the visionary ilIumina
ton Of one hardly better than a
maniac; today the plan of Andree
however wise or unwise it may APP
pear, however unmeritorious it may
seem to those who are, perhaps, best
acquainted with Arctic conditions
and possibilities, receives at least re-
spectfuI consideration. More than
this, it has received government or
royal support. The year to come is
likely 20 put to test the possibilities
OF Polar aeronauticS. Following
closely ubon the Andree alteration
for in its radical departure from
past methods it can be property So
called-comes now the plan oil N.
Pesce, a French engineer, 10 reach
the pole by means of a submarine
vessel. This astute seni-scientist
asserts that various models of inn
lmersion vessels have demonstrated
the fact that good conditions of navi-
cation are found at depths of at least
$3.50 metres. (20-100 feet, and that
habitation at this depth, SO far as
length OF time is concerned. is merely
a mater of depending upon the size
ana form of construction of the boat.
The two main objections that might
appear 10 this form of exploration, as
stated by NJ. Pesce, are the difficulty
of orienting the vessel and the invisi-
bility through the regions OF ''watery
darkness" The former. it is claimed,
is hardly a true difficulty, as the
readily be determined by the COM
pass; but III. Pesce does not inform us
Just how the magnetic variations
would be co-relate with position,
when the position, either terrestrial
or solar. itself remains unknown. AS
regards the second difficulty-of not
seeing just where you are going
it might be overcome by the proper
use Of electric illuminants, either
now in use or to be contrived-
The plan of operations, however,
does not contemplate continuous
passage beneath the surface of the
waters, but q, passage of this kind only
in such places which are densely
charged with ice; in other words, it
means surface sailing where it is at
all practicable. and ''ducking" under
where the surface is clogged with
pack-ice and drifts. The conception
IS as novel as it is picturesque, and
yet it NAV not be possible to- say just
where any really insurmountable OBJ
stacles to the scheme are to be found
Naturally, q long traverse beneath
4
in extent, IS neither a pleasant con-
temptation nor an enviable situation,
but it is. perhaps, not very much
worse than being buffeted about in
q balloon in an adverse or contrary
wind. 1t is NJ. Pesce'S conception
TO supply his boat with balloon APP
paratus, and also TO discharge at
regular intervals small pilot balloons
from which the world is to derive its
the exploration
Where Did the Aryan Race Come
From?
The archaeological work of this year
has been chiefly remarkable for the
clearing up, in large part, of this mys-
terry Of the origin of the European
races, and of European art and civil
ization. The result has been to con-
Iluc llliS IGAOk0llOAldA0 IAACOAS ~
liantly worked out in M. Solomon |
Reinach's 1.-The Oriental Mirage" We |
nav no longer look to Asia as the an
cient home of the "Aryan" race, nor as
the seat of the beginning Of civiliza-
ton The Judo-Germanic or Judo |
European race, is myth. 1t seems |
now conclusively demonstrated that the
earliest evidences OF civilization are to
be found on the shores and Islands of |
the Mediterranean, and that the peo
pie who now inhabit these lands have |
done SO for a duration of time that is /
to be measured by geological ages
rather than by centuries or years. This |
is a complete reversal Of the accepted !
teaching, current in the colleges even
AT the present time The myth is that !
the glamour of the orient has so per-
vaded the study of antiquities as to
the field of vision. The Bibli-
eai training of the northern nations
aad prepared the ground. The imper-
'ect realization of the great age of
European art and imposing chronology
If Egypt, Palestine and Babylonia, and
finally the "Aryan hypothesis which
the dominant European races /
rs immigrant wanderers from Central
Asia, with ready made stock of cul-
ure-these and the force of classical
and orthodox tradition-have all con-
;pired TO present the east as the ilIum-
nation of the beautiful west. Thanks
o the researches of Reinach of Paris,
Professor Sergi of Rome, Arthur Evans
)f Oxford, Dr. Brinton of Philadelphia
md others, it is now established that
he white race is not of Asiatic origin,
is was so long believed, and what is
more, that oriental civilization never /
seems to have exercised a decisive in
iuence in this race until the third or
fourth century Of our own era, when (
Christianity became the state religion
If Rome. It is impossible to trace back
he European race to a time when the
English channel did not exist, when
here were land bridges across the
Mediterranean from Gibraltar and from
Sicily, and Malta to Tunis-waen, in
hort, the Mediterranean divided into
several closed basins. To define the /
Lncient land area, which was shut in
" the Atlantic and Indian oceans, the
aibyan desert (now the Sahara). and /
IL icier Baltic than at present exists.
Dr. BrintOu has proposed the name
'Eurafrica" in its widest
ense- and not Asia, was the birth
)lace of the highest civilizations the
world has yet produced, and the
mother country Of its dominant peo-
1les. Later changes, involving vast
ime, have changed the physical face
# this area, hut its racial and histor-
cal unity remains undisturbed In an
riginal and striking work, THE Med
terranean Race Professor Sevgi has
hown how. distinctly the characters
les of these peoples have been pre-
erved from the earliest skulls found.
howing neither affinity nor adnix-
ure with the negro or Mongolian Of
ypes.
The remarkable discoveries of Seton