davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
Low WATER N THE BOILER
Locomotive In PennsyIrzsis EIpIOdes. XIII
ing Pour Men

Hazleton- Pa. March 1L-One - TIE
most disastrous accidents that has eyer
occurred IN the history q the Delaware
Susquehenna and SchuyikIi railroad
happened this afternoon al Gum Run.
when an engine attached 70 a coal train
exploded. killing four men and fatally
lnjuring one other. The dead are.
JOHN Gamblers
JONAS STEWART
MICHAEL BOYLE.
FRANK O'DppNNELL
The injured man is william Timucnv.
Low water IN the boiler e supposed %
have caused the explosion. The scene u
the accident fE in the hesTt - the
mountains Go a dense woodland. The
only snhabitant ~ the place is tne te!e-
graph operator living a. re tower
TIE telegraph operator. together Wlth
william Tuliey. = surviving member o,
the cra7r- g1t 20 work ard after nsrt IA
Dor rescued TIE Injured from the T--eck-
O'DcnueTf was blown 90 fragments.
vale Stewart and Boyle were horribly
torn and r8s1Eie5- The engine was con-
pletsiy wrecked together wltA q dozen
CcaT cars
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
WANTED 4 MIRACLE WORKER
Mexican FiIbusterers Who Sought the Ser
vices of santa Teresa

FL Paso, Tex. March 11-Laura
Aguerre and Flores Chapa, two Mex
cans who arrived here last week from
Solomonville. Arizona, were arrested al
an early hour this morning charged
with cOnSir.ng 70 violate the neutral
ity laws Of the United States by organ
iZing an expedition 70 invade Mexico.
They were arrested or warrants sworn
out by the Mexican council Il is be-
lieved that Chspa and AgUerre intended
10 attempt a revolution and were Try
ing TO secure the support OF the famous
Santa Teresa. young girl who is said
TO have supernatural powers.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
As BEFITrED HIS RANK
Keurick Buried With Imposing
leremonIes a: 81 LCni,.

St Louis. No. March u-With i'm
posing ceremonies, betting his rank.
Archbishop Richard Kenrick was laii
70 rest in the priests lot in Calvary GEM
etery today. Il Is estimated that since
the remains have been lying in state the
past two and a half days. ar least 125.-
GOO people have passed through the ca
thedral 10 View them. An immense
crowd besieged the cathedral door at an
early hour eager 10 gain admittance
One cardinal, eight archbishops. more
than twenty bishops and fully 400
priests. assisted by choir students from
henrlck seminary. conducted the serv-
ices, which consisted OF the ponulicial
requiem mass and the offices for the
dead Archbishop Kain acted as cele-
brant- Following this Archbishop Ryan
delivered an eloquent Grafton. Abs3lu-
ton was performed by Cardinal Glib
bonS and four archbishops.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
THEY OVERRIDE THE THING
Burglars Who Use Dynamite in a Rank
Wreck the Bufldio.

Dayton. O., March u-An attempt
was made 70 rob the First National
bank OF Germantown, this county. at
$50 this morning. The robbers used 50
much giant powder that the bank was
wrecked The town was aroused and
the robbers fed. The door OF The
vault, weighing $50 pounds. was thrown
thirty feet. The vault contained SO. 909
N cash, none Of which was secured.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
MAHDIsr ACTIVITY WOULD REVIVE
One Consequence to East Africa of Com
piete Italian Disaster.

London. March IA dispatch 10 the
Times from Cairo says: News has
been received that raiding parties from
Dongola are preparing for a descent on
Egypt.
Great interest is felt here in the fate
OF Cassala- Two large Dervish forces,
ono under Osman Digna, are advanc-
ing. 4 disaster 70 the italian garri-
son would produce a revival Of the
Mahdist activity all along the Soudan
frontier, especially about Suakim and
Tokar. The native tribes there, VINO
are friendly. would be compelled from
self-preserv atiOn, 10 join the victorious
Khalifea'
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
SAYS HE'S A HUGUENor, TOO
Bayard sentimentaIIzes some More at a
British BANQUET.

London, March 1.-THE United States
ambassador, Mr.. Bayard. was a guest
at the dinner of the Huguenot society
at the Hotel Windsor, in London to-
night. In responding to a toast 10 his
health, Mr.. Bayard claimed for himself
Huguenot descent. He observed that IL
there had been any other body OF men
than the Huguenots who, while main
tanning their rights of conscience, were
tolerant of other rights, they were I'M
known TO him.
This occasion, he continued, revealed
a new tie between England and the
United States at time when every such
tie should be recognized and strength
ened
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
DEATH OF JOHN $. HOEY
Well Known Sporting Man and Crack Shot
Dies of Heart Trouble

New York, March u.-John s. Hoey,
the well known sporting man and ref
cree, died at Long Branch today, of
heart trouble, following a severe attack
OF the grip.
Mr.. Hoey was 40 years old. He was
born in Baltimore, but spent most Of his
life at the beautiful Hollywood estate.
which was owned by his father. who
was president Of the Admans Express
company. He devoted most of his time
10 sporting matters, and was a well
known shot, recently acting as referee
at all the big matches. Mr. Hoey was
connected with the Coney Island Jockey
club and the Brooklyn Jockey club.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
Trottinp Meetings in Montana

New York, March lied A. Upton
secretary of the Kentucky Trotting
Horse Breeders association, was in the
city today. He is the head and front
of a syndicate which will give seven
weeks of trotting and racing in Butte
and Anaconda, Mont, in June and
July. He leaves tomorrow for New Or
leans and San Francisco. He said to-
night that he proposed 10 have a good
series of running races and desires to
get in touch with owners and trainers
and find ont what they want. His idea
is TO give three running races and two
trotting races each day. with a liberal
purse.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
PRINCES ARE NET
AUSTRIA'S REPRESENTATIVE AT
THE GERMAN CAPITAL

Count GoIuchowski is Entertained by the
Emperor-Speculation Rife as to the
Nature and Scope of Interviews to be
Held Between the Austrian and the
Visit Asserted TO Have Been Arranged
Before the italian Disaster-Probsbili-
ties of Ihree-Emperors Alliance.
Berlin, March IA great deal Of in
terest is manifested in the visit 10 this
capital of the Austrian minister for for
eign affairs, Count Goluchowski, who
was entertained by the emperor yester-
day evening. The statements made as
to the significance Of the interviews
which the Austrian statesman will have
with his majesty and Prince Eohenlohe
previous TO leaving Berlin, are wholly
speculative, and il is claimed in the best
informed circles that the counts visit
was arranged prior to the Italian re-
verse in Abyssinia which, it has been
claimed, was likely to lead to a rear
rangement Of the dreibund. Therefore.
distinct new departures are not expect
ed at present, although there is no doubt
that the count and Prince HOhenlOhe
will discuss the Italian situation as we'll
as Russias relations TO Germany and
Austria. Therefore, some people incline
10 the belief that events are shaping
themselves in the direction Of an event
ual three-emperors' alliance, similar TO
that Of 1884.
London, March IA dispatch TO the
Stndard firm Vienna says:
1T is stated here that Count Golusc-
howskfs mission is of the utmost i'm
portance. It is believed that he aims at
securing England's adhesion TO the drei-
bund. Emperor Joseph's extended stay
at Capmsrtin is purposely to meet the
queen and endeavor TO restore harmony
between England and Germany"
The Daily News has a dispatch from
Berlin which says:
1T is almost certain that Prince Ho-
henlohe and Count Goluschowski have
decided not to give notice of the termin
alton of the dreibund. AS it is highly
improbable that Italy viii withdraw,
the continuity of the alliance is secured.
Emperor William seems found Of
Count GOluschOwski and has bestowed
upon him the order OF the Red Eeagle.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
BUcKLEN's ARNIcA sALvE.

The Best Salve in the world for Cuts,
Bruises, Sores, Ulcers, Salt Eheun,
Fever Sores, letter, Chapped Hands,
Chilblains, Corns. and all Skin Erup-
tions, and positively cures Piles, or no
pay required. It is guaranteed to give
perfect satisfaction or money refund
ed. Price % cents per box. For sale at
Geo. Van Werden's Pharmacy, 32S y.
Main street and G. Behring's drug
store, northeast corner Topeka and
Douglas avenues.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12

Philadelphia. Pa. March 1.-THE sew
enth game of the Showalter- Keneny
chess match, was commenced today
Showalter selected the Ruy Lopez and
the game proceeded on comewhat sim
liar lines to the fifth. The game was
evenly contested up to the twenty-siXth
move. when ShOwalter gained some ad-
vantage. At the hour of adjournment
46 moves had been made. Play Will
be resumed tomorrow.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
SEARCH PARTY FOR NANsEN
Proposition for Cruise to Cape Chelinskin
Next summer

London, March 12.-Captain Virgins
writes 10 the Times this morning, sug-
costing that in the event of no news be-
ing received Of DR.. Nansen. a small land
expedition should be sent in the summer
to search Cape Gheliuskin, for possible
records deposited by hansen. Captain
Virgins believes that Baron Toll would
undertake such an expedition. Failing
in this, he thinks some emulous yachts
man might make the journey by way OF
Karaza and examine all the short from
Port Dixon
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
Corbett Signs for the Fight

Plttsburg, Pa, March 1.-THE orig
maj articles Of agreement for a fight
netWeon James j. Corbett and Robert
fltzsimmons, forwarded by the Nation
al sporting club of London, and exclu-
e4Feiy caoled by the Associated Press
81 the une they were promulgated. Wee
received TINS evening for Corbett's sig
nature; Corbett read the agreement
ldIeIully ana tonight attached his sig
nature without hesitancv. He aeroa, :,
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
or, - No--.n 80 a..

Les Angeles. Cal. Harcn i---Ths
s,zte executive cs1ralrllt-ee q TIE AusT-
iczn p metallic parry q California has
ADOPTED 2 resolution lrt1rs-nz Senator
Morgan q A4abans for Trssicer.t. sl1
sens ~ AGsa CT Se5Ezzkz :nr vice
president
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
THEY AEE saPH - -Ey,H,-v
susT eaded al G-.ETrf,ce ~ from Fifteen
to Fifty Days.

Lawrence. Kan, March 1.-THE
faculty OF the Kansas university has
suspended thirty students for periods
ranging from fifteen 10 nifty days.
Those suspended are the sophomores
and freshmen who participated IN the
class riot which followed their attempt
one night last week 20 break Up party
given by the Juniors IN a down town
hall
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
SLAVE TRADERS, NOT SETTLERS
London Chronicle Continues its Attack on
the Blue Tsook.

London. March 1.-THE Chronicle has
a second long article following its crit
zeal examination Of the contents of the
Venezuelan blue book. The Chronicle
contends that the very documents which
are quoted to support the British case
disproVe the British claim based on
the Dutch possessions and occupation
in the Eighteenth century. 1t fears
that the entire case is vitiated by the
assumption that rowing descents by the
Dutch on the coast and island rivers,
for slave purposes constitute an effec-
tive occupation.
The Chronicle promises further dis
closures tomorrow with relation 10 the
blue book, so serious as to need Lord
Salisbury's personal versions Of the CEN
turion's reports and other statements on
page Il and 10 of the blue book.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
Sion, Thief

Stop email malady, which is steal
ing your strength, before it outruns
your power to arrest it, and recover
what it took from you. The safest and
promptest recuperator of waning vital
ity is Hostetter's Stomach Bitters,
which renews vigOr, flesh and nerve
qUietude because it restores activity to
those functions whose interruption in
terferes with general health. Use the
Ritters for dyspepsia, malarial, rheuma-
tic and kidney complaints and bill
linuSDeSS
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12

New York, March u.-General Caiixto
Garcia. CaptSia Samuel Humbs. ]. d.
Harry. Captain John Braoason. Ber-
nado J. Bueno and Benjamin ]. Guer-
rera OF the Bermuda expedition. were
today indicted by the federal grand jury
for taking part In an American expedi-
ton contrary 10 neutrality laws.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12

insurgent forces. In the skirmish small
losses resulted on either side, but the
rebels were driven back toward Leon.
News has been received here that re-
ports have been sent out to the effect
that Qua tenlala has sent troops on
German vessel to aid the Leon rebels.
The report is wholly false.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
To CURE A COLD IN ONE DAY
showaIter-Kemery seventh Game.

Take laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets. All
druggists refund the money if il fails to
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12

Washington. March 11-Speeches
were listened 10 today by the house
judiciary committee from large delega-
tons OF clergymen and others who ad-
vocate. or antagoaize, the bill recently
introduced by Representive Morse OF
Massachusetts, 10 place the name OF God
in the constitution OF the United State.
The meeting was somewhat novel IN lis
character, a majority OF the spectators
being women. An American flag was
brought into the committee by the oppo-
nents Of the bill. in which was tied q
great bundle Of protests and remon-
strances forwarded by various organi-
cations Each faction was given an
hour TO present its side of the question
In the beginning, the friends Of the
measure took a half hour Its oppo-
nents next consumed their time and the
affirmative had its half-hour for rebuff
tai. The proceedings were begun with
a prayer by Rev. T. P. Stevenson OF
Philadelphia, of the Church OF the Cow
enantS. Those who spoke for the bill
Were: H. n. George of Pittsburg. sec
rotary Of the National Reform aSsocia-
ton; DR.. ]. V. Stockton OF Mercer, Pa.
moderator or the Presbyterian synod of
Pennsylvania; Lewis d. Vail. an at
torney from Philadelphia; President
Hubbard of the American Peace society,
of Cleveland, o.; Rev. w. ]. Coleman,
Reform Presbyterian, OF Allegheny, Pa
The speakers for the opposition were:
W. A. Croffut of Washington; Colonel
F. s. Putnam of Boston. editor of the
Truth Seeker; Rev. ]. L. Jones, a Uni
tartan clergyman of Chicago: F. B.
Woodbury., secretary of the National
Spiritualists association; Rev. A H.
Lewis Of Plainfield. n. J., Seventh Day
Baptist. and Lewis Abraham, who
spoke for the Jews.
The last half-hOur was consumed by
Rev. J. W. Coleman OF Allegheny. Pa,
and Rev. David McAllister of Pittsburg
Many questions were asked these gen.
tlemen by Messrs. Ray of New York,
Burton of Ohio and Lewis OF Kentucky.
most of which bore upon the point
whether the proposed constitutional
amendment would not conflict with the
constitutional prohibition Of the estab-
lishment of religion by the state. Con-
siderable feeling was manifested by the
partisanS on both sides of the question,
and Kisses and cheers frequently inter-
rupted the speakers.
Tho x-or-,, i,,-
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
SLIPS THROUGH THEIR FINGERS

Smokers unbiased in their opinion
pronounce Sweet Moments cigarettes
hest
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
aIUsIC AND DRAMA.
sOUsA's BAND.

II is The Sousa festival concert. the
I fifty SousA musicians. a splendid vocal
ist and a lovely violinist, A program OF
uncommon variety and merit. and no
end Of Sousa marches and other catchy
popular music for encores. with the bril-
liant Sousa himself al the head az 2
all. a. the Auditorium this evening.
The only courage required IN this case
whatever the weather. - % stay away.
To % Is % enjoy. - remain away lz %
be unhappy.
This - one of the great attractions
TIA; long Intervals comes % wichita
IN contrast 20 the average run u enter
tainments furnished Us D. travelling
companies. To hear Sousz concert by
his great band under MS personal lad
ersh.p D. pleasure rarely enioyei hy
our pope. AMI when such = one comes
g us % should meet with generous
patronage lu order that we may ger
them o. come AKA ~ The program for
toniEht's concert has been selected with
great care and contains no number
played ~ the band when here before
The concert VIII net - hurried a. a.
TanEsmeDts have beea made o. hold t1s
santa p trz n tonight that Is - tara
re band 20 Kansas City untI taa s1l
program ID g4vea. Ia fact tde r-zra1
tonight contains one extra number CIV
~ - request Reserved SEATS ars 30
sale ~ Walls 5ewelry store.
DE XOSco@
IauEhf=- holding both 10 sfrH. s.il (
- practically illustrated a. the Grsrf 4
next Monday night. Xsrra tsth. sai 4
continue -ar0uF1ogr ne entire week 4
TIE occasion being gs= hrsf sppesre1ce 4
iu hrs city - ~ worlds Z7eatsEt hgr.- 4
not. So. .ae Le HencoT. IN a p-pEra-r 4
cons sting o. hssVy csecispEsV. crler-
TIL hFpuofss-a and TX baking Tel-
rru.s = hFprGtlsu - - vel eetzni 50
- so5ay nat t1= De Ncocor make TO 4
s@orf 90 prusels p ~ convince as 20 rs
eElstzncs- TIE reading puollr ara ~
hence al experiments arr zixsn ~
from f1rraouEss ard 20 provoke laaxh-
~ re yr.ces 20 tbs fEsz.zAz-s
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
Burmud. people are Indicted.

viii be 10. 20 and so cents. and reserved
seat sale opens Friday at Mosbachers.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12

The weak and worn out find just the
needed strength and health in Hood S
Sarsa IA rilIa
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-03-12
GODS NAME MISSING
ONE FOLKS WANT TO SEE IT IN
TIE CONSTITUTION.

delegations Advocating and Others Oppos-
Ing Representative Norse's Bill to In
sert the Name of God In the Constitu-
tion are Present Before the judiciary
Committee Zach Side Given an Hour
for Presenting its Case-Much Feeling
Manifested and Kisses and Cheers VARY
the Course of the Arguments
Arizona republican., 1896-01-08
TROUBLESOME INDIANS.
Redskins Making Trouble For Cattle
 men.

Silver Belt: HI. J. Banner, the heavi- est cattle dealer in Gila county, spent the week in Globe. MT. Banner came direct from his ranch at the head of Canyon creek, which is in dangerous proximity to John Dazin's Indian camp, and uncomfortably near Cibicu. He informed us that i,he Indians, in small parties, are roaming through the northeastern section of Gila county and that it looks ominous for settlers. Fears are entertained for the safety of J. w. Ellison's family who live only three miles from the reservation line. Fifteen men have been guarding the Ellison ranch since the recent trouble on Cibicu.
 The Indians show an ugly disposi- tion, and the old chief, Cooley. brother of Nan-tan- -go-tayz, who was killed at Cibicu by Deputy Voris, is reported to have made the threat that if the men who killed his brother were not locked up, he was going to be a very bad h. dian. Their animosity seems to be di- rected against John Ketcherside, who they think killed the late lamented chief While Ketcherside was here, three Indians went to his house, but MT. Lee, the old man in charge, would not admit them. They asked if he
Arizona republican., 1896-01-08

Tucson Citizen: Tommy O'Brien, a hard looking youth of about IS or l9 years was before Justice Scot today on charge of stealing s137 from Mex ican restaurant, near the depoS. The amount, it is claimed, was snugly tucked away under a mattress, where Tommy's inquiring mind located it. He was held to await l.he action of the grand jury.
Arizona republican., 1896-01-08
GENERAL DISEASES.
was alone and when assured that he was they went off

was, they went OH.
 The Indians have been very trouble some in that vicinity for the past two years, and especially since last sum mer. They have committed many depredations, stealing and shooting cattle and running off horses. During the roundup last summer, MT. Banner found four of his COWS shot, and moe casin tracks all around the spot
 Parties have written several times to the agent at San Carlos, of the dep relations committed by the Indians, but no relief has been afforded. Un- less something is done soon to curb the Indians, settlers in northern Arizona will be compelled to band together for self-protection against the incursions of the governments red wards
Arizona republican., 1896-01-08
ESTABLISHED 1869.
The Only Institute West of New Yorl Devoted Exclusively to the Cures of Chronic, Complicated
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 Long Standing.
DISEASES OF MEN.

DISEASES OF MEN.
 Blood Poison, primary. secondary and ter tiary forms, nervous debility and all it's attend Ing ailments of young and middle-aged men, affections of the kidneys, bladder and sexual organs uniting for business or employment. A cure guaranteed,
 DISEASES OF WOMEN.
 Ladies suffering with complaints peculiar to the1r sex, irregular, painful and scant men, situations, abnormal discharges, falling or re clining of the womb and other complications, are assured of speedy and permanent cure when others have failed.
 GENERAL DISEASES.
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 Satisfactory results given in all cases and charges moderate We excel in treating dis eases by msil, as our system is the most perfect. Write for symtom blank and pamphletse sentfree. Address WORLD MEDICAL INSTITUTE,
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Arizona republican., 1896-01-08

Save Assessment work on Mines The new law requires annual work on every location or relocation. This is saved by obtaining United States patent. Five hundred dollars worth of work or improvements on ore mine, or scattered over a group of adjoining mines, is sufficient 10 ensure a United States patent to any number of mines so grouped, or for single mine. Further information cheerfully given by letter or personally. Terms oi sur vey reasonable. Apply to
 LEWIS WoLFLEY.
 Civil and Mining Engineer and U. S. Deputy Mineral Surveyor, Phoenix, Arizona.
Arizona republican., 1896-01-08
TIRED WOMEN

Need to have the action of the kid neys stimulated and the system toned up. Parks Sure Cure is the best rem edy to accomplish this. Many a wo- man finds that she is tired out by work which ought not to tire her at all. She fears that her system is broken down and she is hopeless invalid when few doses of Parks Sure Cure would make her look at life from a different point of view. Don't delay. Every bottle is guaranteed. Sold by c. Eschman & Co.
Arizona republican., 1896-01-08

THE WORLD MEDICAL INSTITUTE,

A Faculty of Physicians, Each One an Expert in His Own Speciality. DIR T. H . LUKENS, PRESIDENT, Cor. Ma ain and Mo-. Avenue, Kansas City, Missouri.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1896-07-28

A self satisfied Christian satisfies
satan.
Hopkinsville Kentuckian. [volume] (Hopkinsville, Ky.) 1889-1918, 1896-07-28
The Keystone State.

Pennsylvania is called the key
stone State" Two explanations
have been given of this name Ac-
cording to the first, the declaration
of independence was trembling in
the balance, six colonies having
voted for and six against it, the
vote Of Pennsylvania was cast in ia
vor of the declaration, and thus a
majority was secured. According
to the other explanation the name
was purely an accident. When the
Rock creek bridge was constructed,
near Washington, the stones Of the
great arch were inscribed with the
names of the states. and when it was
finished the discovery was made that
the name of Pennsylvania was on
the keystone of the arch, and thus
was applied afterward to the state.