davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona weekly journal-miner., 1896-05-13

Trsins GI aut e vtu run on sitarukis dnys llfuFuaataaB as to shat aays same rEn will bs iurEl.l.aa hg aaa.lts ua sup-icafiun.
 salfa fs. Frasrltt FhaaniH RallwAy. wifh ta= Al.t4-pn Iug.ska Santa fu kzilr,.ad ls ths sllafirsI ant ggtckrst fvute Co DzuyeF. kAuass Nlt{. st Lsuis. tlioass5 Assd All Toiuis aAst. Ttae rcenie hle uf Anrols.
 Ids b.sf raaf~ to California.
 th. ouly north alIt ssssfh iius in ArlEunA Co h. Grand sByVn vf tAe oiorsda. rufrthssi F0rszsi iifvst l1ns Asrvst Ciin psviinss, t,rgzi sal hlTvr halsrg and uuuleruls other IaslHts of Lu- tssssi
 Bssasifal'g Illustrated b.uk fr,s sn aprlica- J..l.
 1hruosh tiekets Ca au polu's in the Units.l Sisfss. tsuasla znd Meaico.
 Al hs csgufuFts aad oerveaianocs uf e drsi tlsss fasi ulta sui-Fb rsaifzllsat
 Aa. 1akrs cuanef tialls at Ash fogt uith A. a f. tesfibalei Limited Ns- frum the EAst. Ihis ls far tnesg tran ueet af lhiCaea Vet.
 pzrfIes ds-lriug ts siay over al Ash Fork VII Sad ths h,st of acoumHaadziiuas st Frs-i. HEs- ycy Hotel
 Sa. uakas cl,se coan.ctisn at Ash Fork ulth f, trains Aas. ! and A. q Q No. rezrhes sNl tsancl=uo tH a. ms a-ount marLinE. A. A f. No is vesfiblied train Jhr0nghout lixhts-d elth tsntch hks dining rar running ttFoagh ifv AnEeira Co iatcE-1p. Dining cars undes the HlAlAserIs-at oi fr-i haffe5. WafA his unsx orllei --rFios. garr and aItr1tiuu io eussts- hus- anti Q connect Er Jerome IUurttan Wifh trains of thr e '. & F. Is'y for Jcrasna. tuGueytlrE at troscutt with Sisce iAne~ fuF al frlnclt,ai mining taups- xt NaDgrHss With sfAsfs linaa fUr Har-ua Asts Stafiou and lNrhall; af Fhoenlz vita tas Marenpa a Fhoeaix Ry. for pulnts ca Che Suutiseru fariac ilsiluay Eta Salta Fe frVeCaft a fhosuiz l.ziiNAy is tar hss- ro1te to the Great sais EisrT NAllag fur fuuaer lliuFmaiiu1 rrzar,iins thss Salley and the ilch Mining s.ctioa trlbutAry Co tAis fu.A aug santa Dc Route repfu@eutzfiyc. or.
 GRO. T. NICHOLSON. GEO M SARGENT. Gi-a. Pas.en.sr Ast. tieaeral q a o. Ast ChieAgo, m.
 frescutf, ATiEuna.
 J J FREY D. D. WILLS Geacral Manager. Assistanf Gen. MaEAeer. Iopekn, Kane
 Frcsr,lgt, Arrona T.ASFhk
 S. E.. q. A q. Ky.
Arizona weekly journal-miner., 1896-05-13
AhSurd to Him.

Are you superstitious?"
 "No; I got out of that at 8 very early age"
 How did it happen?"
 "I was born on Friday, April 13, and The Friday that 1 became 13 yearsNoid a rich uncle died, leaving me 21S000 by will. Chicago Reo- ord.
Arizona weekly journal-miner., 1896-05-13

A q perig culiaI for,@ StillvS 2.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Something New In Gar
Building.

The long talked Of new Limited
trains on "The North. w Western Line'
C. st. r. NJ. 4 O. Ry. to run between
Minneapolis. St. Paul and Chicago,
are now In service.
The press as we'll as the people
who have inspected these trains ad.
NIT that they represent the acme of
the car builders art. Tho engine is
after the famous 900 pattern, and
from end to end the train is vesti.
buled with broad plate glass vesti.
bules which completely enclose the
platforms and add greatly to the beau.
ty as we'll as to the comfort Of tho
train.
If you are going east why not pat.
roniZe the new "North. W estern Lin.
ited." Excursion or other classes of
tickets are good on this train and no
extra fares are charged for the su.
perior accommodations.
Tickets, sleeping car reservations
and full information on application
to your home Agent or address T. w.
Teasdale. General Passenger Agent,
st. Paul who will be pleased to for.
ward a you pamphlet giving full de-.
scription Of these new trains, there is
nothing to equal them in car con.
struction-not even the wonderful
trains on exhibition at the Worlds
Fair.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
THERE'S ONLY ONE
RAILROAD

That operates its trains on the famous
block system between the Twin
Cities, Milwaukee and Chicago;
That lights its trains by electricity
throughout;
That uses the celebrated electric
berth reading lamp;
That runs four splendidly equipped
passenger trains every day from
st. Paul and Minneapolis through
to Chicago, via Milwaukee;
And that road is the
CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE +
ST. PAUL.
It also loperates steam. .heated vesti.
buled trains. carrying the latest
private compartment cars. libra.
~ buffet smoking cars, and palace
drawing.ro0m sleepers.
Parlor cars, free reclining chair cars
and the very best dining car ser.
vice.
For lowest rates to any point in the
United States, Canada or Mexico,
apply to ticket agents, or address
" ]. T. CoNLEY,
Asst Gen't Rags. Agt.,
st. Panl, MINI.
NorE.-Elegantly equipped traint
from st. Paul and Minneapolis
through to Peoria, st. Louis and Kan.
sss City daily.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

In the current number of the
Review of Reviews are two por-
traits of the late Marquis de
Mores taken from recent photo
graphs. This periodical speaks of
him editorially as follows: zone
of the most picturesque figures of
our time was the late Marquis de
Mores, who on the 9th Of June
was assassinated in the desert of
Sahara while engaged in an expe-
dition partly commercial and
partly political in its objects. A
dozen years ago the Marquis de
Mores was known to everybody
in our Northwest as a ranchman
in the valley of the Little Mis-
souri,. He had great plans for
slaughtering cattle in the vicinity
OF the ranges and shipping beef
IN refrigerator cars, rather than
live cattle. He was a mighty
man with weapons. and was IA
NOUS in France as a duelist. Re-
turning to France from America,
he participated in the Boulangist
movement; and the mere list of
his exploits would fill a page.
He was a hater of the English,
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

and was believed at the time of
his death to have been endeavor-
ing to persuade the Arabs of the
desert and the Dervishes of the
Soudan to more formidable ac-
tion against Great Britain's in1u-
ence in North Africa. Antonio
Amedeo Maria Vincenzo Manca,
Marquis de Mores and de Mont
emaggiore, a son of the Duke of
Vallombrosa, was born in Paris
on the 18TH of June, 1858. He
entered Saint Cyr in 1877, and
became a lieutenant of the First
Cuirassers in 1881. The follow
ing year he married the daughter
of a wealthy New York banker"
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

1t was not until a few days ago
that the PRESS was able to get the
full particulars of the terrible fire
which VIM. N. Crist had at his place
at the mouth of Crooked creek on
Knife river, 30 miles northwest of
Dickinson, on Thursday afternoon,
July le. Mr.. and Mrs. Chris had
made trip to Dickinson during the
early part of the week, returning to
the ranch Wednesday. During their
absence in town the children had
been with their grandparents few
miles distant. Lester, six years old,
had played there with boys who had
children's toy pistols and when they
had exhausted their supply of caps
they discovered that the heads of
matches made good substitute.
which naturally created a demand
for matches among the children.
Mr.. Crist says that they purchased q
large package of matches in town
and they remember of having no.
ticed when putting away their sup.
plies that the package had broken
and that one had slipped out. of
which nothing was thought at the
time. After dinner Thursday Mr..
Crist and his hired man hitched up
the team and drove to the hay field
about two miles away. He had no
more than got to the spot when he
looked up and saw that his buildings
were on fire. Lester had gone to the
barn with Roy, his three.year.old
brother, and having found the lost
match he struck it off on a plank, in.
tending no harm. But fire caught in
the chaff and in no time it had cut
off the escape of the baby through
the passage way, who tried to get
out by another way and in crawling
through a manger was caught fast,
in which position the mother found
her baby minute later nearly
burned to death. She made the res.
cue at the peril of her life, burning
her left hand so that a portion of the
first finger and thumb will be useless.
The nails all came of, and the right
hand was considerably burned. Ir.
wing was safe in the house all this
time. Roy lived about IL hours.
All of Mr.. Crist's sheep and cattle
sheds were burned, together with
$50 loads of hay, 100 chickens and
other things, making total loss of
$1,000. Mr.. Crist has sold his inter.
est in the sheep to S. p. Gotta and
will fit up new for his cattle 100
head. He has bought his brothers
interest in the ranch aud will run it
alone in the future.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

THIS is the kind of fellow G.
S. Reishus of Ward county proves
to be: He attended the Grand
Forks state convention July 23 as
a delegate, participating in the
republican nominations, and on
the 2oth of July the same Reishus
is found in the populist conven-
ton in Fargo as a delegate from
Ward and not only taking an act
i've part in the work of the con-
vention but was himself nominat-
ed for commissioner of agricul-
ture. This man may be a repre-
sentative populist, in favor of
tree silver, or anything to get Of
flce, but it is not likely that he
ever saw section 5o2 of the new
code which reads: mo person
shall participate directly or indi-
rectly in the nomination at eau
Gus, in convention or by petition
OF more than one person for each
Office to be filled"
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Loaniug to Free Silver Mexico.

Mandan will soon have to sell bonds,
and the Pioneer intimates that IL we
have free coinage it will be impossi.
BILE to sell them. Nonsense. The
money loaners are today loaning
money to Mexico and other silver
countries on as good terms a. they do
us. This cry is merely to coerce us
into voting for the gold Standard
North Dakotan.
The above is fair sample Of pop
argument on the money question.
The North Dak0tan having stated
that money is being loaned in free
silver Mexico on as good terms as in
this country, the following extract
from recent letter from George d.
B0ult0n of Chicago will suffice to an.
swer.-Bismarck Tribune.
Where money is debased. or is 9th.
or than the recognized standard of
the world, civilization is on much
lower plane. We can find at the
present time no silver country in the
world, think I might say without
exception, that was in a prosperous
condition, whose government secu.
rites command respect and full
prices in the markets of the world.
To this statement our friends from
the west will probably take excep.
tiOn, and cite as an example of free
silver country being prosperous and
in good condition the case of Mexico;
but they will find it difficult to sup.
port their assertions. The writer
had occasion last month to buy in
the City of Mexico $4,000 of bonds
issued by the Mexican government,
These bonds were bought at the rate
of forty. eight cents on the dollar in
silver, the net cost to the purchaser
being $24,l70 in Mexican silver. As
the money to pay for these bonds
came from this country, the amount
of American funds used in the pur.
chase of $4,000 Mexican government
securities was $l3,Ol2.ll. Now it
seems impossible for any country to
be in sound and prosperous condi.
tion whose securities are so heavily
discounted as in the above case.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

You will find the free silverites
very ready to misquote people or
to accept misquoted statements.
To illustrate, a leading fusion
ist in the eastern part of the state
was telling last week that John
w. Currie had left the republican
party. This could not be farther
from the truth. Mr.. Currie is
just as good a republican as can
be found in North Dakota, and
he will support the state ticket
from top to bottom. Defeat
does not hurt the republicanism
of true republicans.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
State of Ohio, City of Toledo. } ..
Lucas County. ~

Frank J. Cheney. makes oath that
he is the senior partner of the firm
of f. j. Cheney & Co., doing business
in the city of Toledo, county and
state aforesaid, and that said firm
will pay the sum of One Hundred
Dollars for each and every case of
Catarrh that cannot be cured by the
use of Halls Catarrh Cure.
FRANK j. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed
in my presence, this 9th day of De.
cember, A. D. 1886.
[sEAL.] A. w. GLEASON,
Notary Public.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken inter.
nally and acts directly on the blood
and mucous surfaces of the system.
Send for testimonials, free.
f. ]. CHENEY & Co., Toledo, o.
Sold by druggists. 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

The New York Sun says that
thousands of democrats will vote
for William Mckinley as the can
didate of honest money and anti
reputation. The Sun says far
ther: "The democrats in New
York City who understand the
currency question are opposed to
free silver. Those who do not
understand it can be made to do
so, and then they also will be op-
posed to free silver"
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

The fact that Mandan is jeal-
Gus of Dickinson's enterprise
prompted the Pioneer last week
to say that the town had a meat
market trust. The facts are
these: Dickinson has one first
class market, employing five
skilled workmen, and meats are
not so high but there is a daily
demand for them in Morton
county, along the line of the
Northern Pacific, to within few
miles of Mandan. The truth is,
fresh meat is not so high in price
in Dickinson as it is in Mandan
and the quality is a great deal
better.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Information
that informs.

If you are going East-or South
and want to know what the
trip will coet, when you will reach
your destination. and why you
should take THE Burlington" to
Chicago, Peoria, St. Louis and
Kansas City, write to w. J. G..
Kenyon, G. F. & P. A., st. Paul,
Minn.. and you will receive by
return mail a letter telling JUST
EXACTLY what you want to
to know. Reclining Chair Cars
seats free; Pullman COmpart.
ment ond Standard Sleepers; Din.
ing Cars, serving meals from Is
cents up-the combination makes
comfort sure, and it will SUIT
YOU.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
-xx00 0O880UI2
Est BOUND. EAST BOUND.

Only time Of arrival 10 given. Passenger trains
slwsys stop i've minutes st Dickinson, Psssen.
lions Of 50 and b4,when provided with permit.
Through tickets to japan and China, via Taco.
ma and Northern Pacific Steamship Co:
call on, Or write Ticket Agent, Northern Pacific
Railroad st Dickinson, or Chas. 8. Fec, 0enI
Pass. Agent, st. Paul, MINI.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

County.
Sheriff
CHARLES KONO.
County Treasurer
JOHN RIESSBECK.
Auditor
GUY j. DEFRANCE.
Register Of Deeds
GEORGE AULD.
Clerk Of Court
States Attorney
LESLIE A. SIMPSON.
Coroner
ANTOINE sM1DTBAUER.
County Judge
JAMES G. CAMPBELL,
Surveyor
RUFUS s. BROOKINGS.
Superintendent Of Schools
GUS FINGER.
Justices Of the Peace
AUGUSTUS P. FOLSOM,
WIN. H. KLINEFELTER,
4. w. KITTELL,
CARL STIEG.
Constables-
JAMES H. COLGROVE,
o. Z. VINNIDGE,
Il. RIXEN
Commissioner LIST district
E. L. SCOFIELD.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

The whole system is drained and
undermined by indolent ulcers and
open sores. DeWitt's Witch Hazel
Salve speedily heals them. 1t is the
best pile cure known. Drenkel L Da.
Wis. tf.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
You and Your Grandfather

Are removed from each other by
span of many years. He travelled in
q slow going stage.coach while you
take the lightning express or the
electric car. When he was sick he
was treated by old fashioned methods
and given old fashioned medicines,
but you demand modern ideas in
medicine as well as in every thing
else: Hoods Sarsaparilla is the medi.
cine of today. IT is prepared by
modern methods and to its prepara.
tion are brought the skill and knowl.
edge Of modern science. Hoods
Sarsaparilla acts promptly upon the
blood and by making pure rich blood
1t cures disease and establishes good
health.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
State.

State.
For Judge Of Supreme Court
ALFRED WALLIN, Caee,
MN. JOHNSON, Nelson.
Governor
F.A. BRIGGS, NORTON.
Lieutenant Governor
JIM. DEVINE, La Moure.
Secretary Of State
FRED FALLEY, Richland.
GEO. E. NICHOLS, Cass.
Auditor
NIB. HANNUM, Ransom.
Attorney General
JOHN F. cowAN, Ramsey.
Commissioner OF Insurance
FRED B. FANCHER, Stutsmsn.
Superintendent Of Public Instruction
&c. HALLAND, Traill.
Commissioner Of Agriculture and Labor
H. U. THOMAS, Benson.
Railroad Commissioner
GEO. H. KEYES, Dickey.
LII. WALTON, Wells.
JOHN F. GIBSON, Pembina.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Announcement.

I hereby announce myself an inde'
pendent republican candidate for the
Office of county coroner.
80 F. F. Zellers.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Having Purchased

The land of the Dakota
insn have issued price list making
suitable to the conditions
settler section Of this
H. A. Davis of Dickinson receive Offers
give and Of the safety invest
willing to sell these lands
ten bearing six cent will the
and buying stock asking than
years have never made such extraordinary offer as this
worthy shall limit the application
on successful will increase the number Indefinitely Address
JAMES O. YOUNG,
3N Guaranty Loan Building, Minneapolis
Or. DR.. H. A. Davis, Dickinson, N. D.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Coal Bids.

Dickinson, N. D.. July se, 1906.
Bids will be received at the office Of the county
including the 9Th day Of September, 1895, for 100
tons, moro or less, of a good and enhstantisI
quality Of Ignite coal for county use Coal to be
delivered at Court House, on or before the 18th
DAY OF October, 1896. The board of county com.
bids. s"' " 81"
JOHN LEASK,
o'S4'ot. County Auditor.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

Many a days work is lost by sick
headache, caused by Indigestion and
stomach troubles. DeWitt's iLittle
Early Risers are the most effectual
pill for overcoming such difficulties.
Drenkel & DaYis, tt.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

Horses for Sale.
Heavy draft horses, we'll broken,
for sale at prices that will suit
Ranch head of Magpie Greek. Ad.
dress me at Dickinson.
4'4.tf. H. G. Quinion.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

NOTICE OF HOMESTEAD FINAL
PROOF.
Land Office at Bismarck, N. D.,
July 2, 1895.
Notice is hereby eiven that the following NAM
ed settler has filed notice Of his intention to make
proof will be made before Guy J. DeFrsnce,
clerk Of the District court at his office in Dickin.
son, Stark County. N. D., on Saturday, Aug. Is,
1896, viz:
FRANK BUCK,
for the .. ". Y sec. 81, twp. 139, range 96 ".
He names the following witnesses to prove his
continuous residenc, upon and cultivation Of
said land, viz:
h. L. Dickinson, David Roberts, James Dob.
son, Jr., R. e. Fuller, all Of Dickinson, N. d.
7.4-6t E. A. LAKE, Register.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08

If you have ever seen a little child
in the agony of summer complaint,
you can realize the danger Of the
trouble and appreciate the value of
instantaneous relief always afforded
by DeWitt's Collie & Cholera Cure.
For dysentery and diarrhoea it is q
reliable remedy. We could not afford
to recommend this as cure unless it
were cure. Drenkel & Davis. If.
Dickinson sold 385.OOO pounds of
wool to Dupee, Nichols & Co., the
most of which brought nine cents
Between Stickney and 0olgroye, C.
H. Pearl and F. A. Little there are
still $4,000 pounds in the warehouse
and 10000 pounds has been consigned, j,
making total of 43s,00O pounds for
Dickinson. The PRESS lad estimat.
ed that the seasons clip al this place
would amount to half a million
pounds, and when it is taken into
account thst the wool sheared
one-sixth lighter this yssr than last
year it will be seen that these figures
were not far out of the way.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Strayed.

One 4;ye.r.old bay gelding, branded RSu
branded z on left shoulder. I Will give 81
p Tor information leading to tho recov-
efy OF above horses. IIERMAN BREAUM,
S'S-Stp. Taylor, N. D.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Taken Up

At my place miles north of Gladstone, ono
iron-srey marc branded 2 on left shoulder and
v on loft hip, has one watch eye. Owner please
prove property and pay charges.
sSSt W.sT1RLANp.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
REPUBLICAN TICKET.
National.

For President
WILLIAM Mckinley, Jr. Of Ohio.
For Vice President
GARRET A. HOBART, Of New jersey.
For Presidential Electors
C.F. WILBUR, Rolette.
CHAS. n. WHEELER, Cass.
JOHN F. DYSTE, Sargent.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
For Sale.

NOTICE OF HOMESTEAD FINAL
PROOF.
Land ONCE at Bismarck, July 10, 1895.
Notice is hereby given that the following named
settler has aled notice Of his intention to make
hnal proof in support Of his claim, and that said
Judge Of the County Court, Stark County, n. D.,
at his office in said county, on September 1st 1885,
viz:
JOSEPH j. KNUTsoN,
for the east X Of southwest I, and lots and Of
section g. in tp. 139, north Of range % 9Th p. m.
He names the following witnesses to prove his
continuous residence upon, and cultivation Of
said land. viz:
Christian Abrahamson, William F. Rieche,
August Anderson and Peter Indergaard, all OF
South Heart, N. D.
c.l8-6t E,A LAME, Register.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Cattle Shipments.

Representative sales Aug. 3.-P. Wibaux,
lsssscattle $40, cows $50; W. L. Richards,
l2sscsttle, $40; Reynolds Bros, 1llscattle
3a.S; James Converse, 1910 and 1107-cattle $S8
and $50; II. 8. Boice 13l6-cattle SSs5; Crssswel
Cattle Co., sass and $40; Little Mo. II. Co.,
HOO and ueA-cattle $50; J. E. Phelsn, 1zso,
lo7s and 1l7scattle sass, $40 and s.; all Diekin-
son shipments. Tuesday h. 8. Boice sold 1905.
cattle ut $50.
Thursday-Receipts of cattle lighter, prices
stronger. Receipts of sheep 5000, prices firmer.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
A. J. OSBORN,
Artistic = Photographer,
DICKINSON, N. D.

Place your insurance with M.
l.. Ayers, agent for the Phe.
mix of Hartford and the Brit.
ish American.
The Dickinson press., 1896-08-08
Judicial.
County.

". q. WINCHESTER, Bismarck.
Pleasantville weekly press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1890-1911, 1896-10-28
Democrats Meeting.

The democrats of Pleasantville held
their scc ,nd meeting of the campaign in
Red Mems Hall Friday evening. The
weather was very unfavorable, being
drizzly and rainy, and many were not
inclined to ruu the chances of getting
drenched in the rain There were, how
ever about $50 present in spite of the
weai her. The Pleasantville Band was
in attendance and furnished good
music. Col. J. f. Downey acted as
chairman and introduced the speakers.
The principal speech of the evening
was made by DR.. A. E. COnrOw, the
democratic nominee for Congress, who
spoke for an hour upon the political
issues of the day. The DE-. is q fae look
ing man, has an excellent voice, and
presents his views in dignified and
forcIble manner lie made q favorable
impression upon his hearers and at the
conclusion of his remarks went to
Absecon where he was booked for
another speech the same evening. At
the conclusion of DIR. COnrow's speech
Rsley Barlow, candidate for Sheriff, and
G IL. Jenness, candidate for the Assemb-
Iy were introduced and made brief
addresses, after which the meeting ad-
iOurned.
Pleasantville weekly press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1890-1911, 1896-10-28
Election Returns.

The Press has made, at cOnsid-
cradle expense, arrangements to
have the full telegraphic service
of the Western Union Telegraph
Co. on the night of the election,
next Tuesday evening. As fast as
received the returns will be read
from the Stage in Red Mems Hall
commencing between 3 and y
O'Clock.
The Press Invites everybody
along shore, and elsewhere, to
come and hear the returns read,
and tn celebrate the election of
the next President of the United
states, whoever he may be. There
will be speaking and probably
music. The Ladies' are especially
invited to be present.