davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The record-union., 1896-09-30
RAILROAD LANDS.
Grants Approved by the Secretary Of
the Interior

WASHINGTON, Sept. %. = The Sec
retary of the Interior has approved
lists of lands to railroads as follows:
The Southern Pacific Railroad. SO. 594
acres in Independence Land District,
California, 1G,SS4 acres in the Los An
geles District iS,5S4 acres in the same
district. 49l acres in the San Francisco
District, and 40 acres in the Los An
geles District for a branch line
To the Northern Pacific Railroad, So
669 acres in the Helena and Bozeman
Districts, lo,6i0 acres in the Couer
d'Alene District. Idaho, and SS1 acres
in the State Of Washington.
The Oregon and California Railroad.
successor TO the Oregon Central Rail-
way. l,l93 acres in the Oregon City
(Or) District
The record-union., 1896-09-30
GOLD RESERVE.
Now Stands at One Hundred and
Thirty-Fiye Millions.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 29.-The Direc-
tor of the Mint has received a telegram
from the San Francisco Mint stating
that about S4,0O0.000 was expected to
arrive there from Australia a week
from next Friday. Information also
comes from London that the Bank of
England expects to lose S5,000,0O0 be-
fore the end of the week. Both ship
ments are expected ultimately to reach
the treasury, together with the amount
already in sight, which would bring the
gold reserve approximately to $13o,-
0C0 OOO
The record-union., 1896-09-30
Sharkey Calls Corbett a Coward.

DENER, Sept. 29.-Sharkey and his
manager, Lynch, are in Denver leaving
to- morrow for San Francisco Sharkey
is wild with rage at the refusal of Cor
bett TO fight him, and calls him cow
ard and a sneaking cur. The telegram
from Corbett to Lynch is curt notice
that Corbett can waste no more time on
Sharkey. Sharkey says Corbett is
afraid to meet him.
The record-union., 1896-09-30
Klamath Reservation Boundary.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 29.-The Pres
ident to-day completed the commission
authorized by Congress to determine
the correct location of the boundary
lines Of the klamath reservation by
the appointment of Richard P. Ham
mOnd of San Francisco.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
THE BALANCE OF POWER.

Within two weeks the voters of Florida
will again have an opportunity of express
ing at the polls their preferences for law
makers and law enforcers. 1t is a very
common thing for the people of the state.
especially our immediate constituents. the
farming and agricultural class, to complain
bitterly about class legislation and the en-
actment of laws that benefit others and the
failure to enact laws that benefit them. In
other words they complain that they are
ignored, and do not receive that protec-
tion from the law that their respectable
number entities them to-
In the first place it is very poor prac-
tice to look to legislation for especial
favors, but at the same time it must be ad-
mitted that legislative favors should be dis.
tributed as equally as possible-the farmer
should receive the same consideration as
the artisan, the merchant or the manufac~
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
TOBACCO PROSPECTS.

In its review of the tobacco situation the
American Agriculturist says:
Florida is the only southern state grow
ing cigar leaf to any extent. Florida grown
Sumatra leaf possesses good filler qualities
when not large enough for wrappers and is
destined to be the leading variety there. A
little cigar leaf is grown in Georgia ada
cent to Florida and few lots in Texas.
Numerous experiments are being tried with
this crop in our western states particularly
California. If the American market can
be reserved for our American grown cigar
leaf this will prove an extremely profitable
crop, not only for Florida but for many
other sections of the south and west. In
prosperous times consumption of this crop
increases by leaps and bounds, and in
spite of the hard times the tax-paid output
of cigars during the last twelve months
4232 millions) is nearly back to the figures
of the boom year of 'e2.
Florida's crop is all housed, acreage
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23

scattered larger than last year, but can
not be accurately stated. Stripping, as
sorting and boxing will be finished by Sep
TENDER IS and if last fall is any precedent
most of the crop will be sold by October
80. All 'o5 leaf except little trash or
some fancy leaf held for higher prices was
sold early at 10 to 40 cents per pound. but
really fine wrappers averaged about 80
cents and few sales at 81 to So per pound
are claimed to have been made for few
choice lots of extraordinary wrappers No
offers yet made for 90 crop, which is cur
ing down splendidly and where grown by
experienced persons is of beautiful quality,
but half the growers are novices and much
of their leaf is inferior at best Yield runs
from 800 to 1000 pounds per acre, state
average under 500 pounds owing to poor
fertilization, which will run 60 to SO per
cent cigar wrappers. About half the crop
is Sumatra seed, perhaps one-fourth is
Havana seedleaf, and the balance Noodles
Hybrid and old Florida seedleaf.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23

for something better, and finally took a
great deal less. The price of cotton is
tickle. frequently rising or falling seemingly
without reason. Monticello buyers are in
the market this year in earnest" The
necessity of selling cotton year before last
at cents was looked upon at the time by
growers OF this state as great misfortune.
but in the end it has had good effect, in
proving to the growers that the supply
could be made to exceed the demand, and
that the staple could, with economy. be
raised at a lower cost than five or six cents.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
THE COTTON CROP.

One cotton grower in Leon county, says
the Florida Citizen, has taken to Tallahas-
see two bales of cotton weighing more than
500 pounds each, and received 7 q cents
per pound for them. The Monticello Con-
stitution a journal published in the cotton
belt, commenting on this years crop, says:
because of the very small surplus of old
cotton on hand at the beginning of the sea-
son. and the prospects of a small crop this
year, prices are expected to rise. In fact
they have already advanced considerably.
Seven cents is very good price for cotton
under present conditions, and many are
the men who will tell you that they look
back with regret to times when they could
have sold cotton at that price. but held it
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
Cotton Mills in the South.
Tampa. Fla.

According to recent article in the
st. Louis Dry Goods Reporter, some 3d.
100000 has recently been invested in
southern cotton mills and this chiefly
by New England people, who find enor-
nous advantage In bringing their mills
south, adjacent to the cotton fields, over
the old method Of carrying the cotton to
New England for manufacture and pay
ing freight back again to the consumers.
1t was but few years ago that lead
ing New York sugar ref1ner said that he
effected enormous economy by having
sugar unloaded at his wharves and rolled
to his melting pots without any dray
age; that any refinery that had to pay
drayage on it's sugars would surely go to
the wall. 1t would now seem that any
cotton factory that has to pay freight on
it's cotton to New England and freight
back on it's production to the consumers
in the south and west, will have to go to
the wall, and that only those factories
that are on the ground in the midst of
the cotton fields, that get their cotton
free of freight, will survive. There can
be no doubt but that the south has be-
fore 1T an era of enormous development
in every direction of modern manufac-
ture. With it's coal mines, it's iron
mines and it's cotton fields, with an i'm
mense population anxious for work and
willing to work, there is no reason why
the southern states should not now gen
rally take up manufacturing industries
and prosecute them to success.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
For the Florida Agriculturist.
The Palmetto Hat.

Meeting yesterday lady wearing a
charmingly made palmetto hat, [ was
reminded that twenty-five years ago the
palmetto hats, for both ladies and gentle
men, were extremely fashionable, and
all the ladies in the city, where | then
resided, were engaged in making them
at good profit to themselves. Some Of
them making as much as 81 per day.
1t is said that such fashions revive every,
let US say twenty five years, would 1t not
be we'll for our ladies to adopt the fash
ion during the coming winter of wearing
these hats ? Our tourist visitors will
not fail to see how charming they are
and adopt them.
f. J. LAPENOTIERE.
Tampa. Fla.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
TABLE OF CONTENTS.

FARM GROVE AND GARDEN-Pineapple
Controversy; Making and ReMaking
Grove Peaches and Pineapples in South
L IOrIUd. ..............- OIL
Where Frost is Unknown; Poison for
Grasshoppers in South Florida-Danger
in Using. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 621
The Best Rotation of Crops ...... ........... 623
The Importance of the Hay Crop to the
Southern Farmer. Observation-Disclosures. 6A
The Lemon in California ............. 625
Principles of Profitable Farming ............. 1926
Trial Shipment of Australian Oranges to
England; Raising Lettuce for Market. -. $50
FLORAL DEPARTMENT-Prze Awarded;
Rose Culture in Florida. .......... 627
EDITORIAL-The Balance of Power, To-
bacco Prospects; An Undeveioped Indus
try; The Cotton Crop. Observation-Disclosures. 62S
HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENT - Teach as
You Go; Pretty Rooms. ..................... $50
POULTRY DEPARTMENT-.-Vigor in Moult-
ing; The Benefit OF Males; A Paying In
dustry DBL
LITERATURE-One Little Cracker ...... GO;
FLORIDIANA.. Observation-Disclosures. 634
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
AN UNDEVELOPED INDUSTRY.

An old friend of the AGR1cULTUR1sT has
been kind enough to furnish us with the
following.
The writer of this has had experience in
the making of syrup for over forty years
His father began with Chinese cane when
the syrup was made in iron pans of the old
cast kind, when the syrup was all black
Changing to pans with wood sides and iron
bottoms, there was at once an improve
ment. Then we began a series of expert
ments and these principles seemed to be
presented by the experiments:
l. All the sides of the pan must be wood;
inch hard wood lumber, cypress would be
good, though not hard wood.
2. The batch must be finished without
adding any sap while boiling.
g. The quantity must be the smallest
that can be finished without scorching; two
and one half inches of sap in depth was
found to succeed we'll
a.. The fire must be rushed at first espec.
tally. and dampened during the first skim
ming. For skimming we used a board
reaching across the pan and swept the skim
to the cooler end and skinned with wire
gauze skinner nearly one foot square
stretched on light wooden frame.
The more rapidly the evaporation is &C
complished the whittier the syrup.
$. A little lime water neutralizes the
acid. if there is any. It should be put
into the sap as it runs from the mill, or
stirred into the syrup tank before it goes
into the evaporator.
g. The pan must be lifted from the fur
mace so soon as done and thoroughly
cleansed. We used several pans. so that
one was always ready to be put on and
started at once
The writer has never tasted such syrup
as that made in Florida. even though made
in the old iron pan OF course he means
cane syrup-as there is no such syrup as
that which comes from the maple tree.
There is certainly fortune in Florida
syrup for those who will make 1t as the
writer has made. Chinese cane, white as
strained honey.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
TO CORRESPONDENTS

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Articles relating to any topic within the
scope of this paper are solicited.
We can not promise to return rejected
manuscript unless stamps are enclosed.
All communication intended for pub
LEGATION MIST be accompanied with real
name, as a guarantee of good faith. No
anonymous contribution will be regarded.
Money should be sent by Draft, Postof-
flee Money Order on DeLand, or Regis
tered Letter, otherwise the publisher will
not be responsible in case of loss. When
personal checks are used exchange must
be added. Only and 2-cents lamps
taken when change cannot be had.
To insure insertion, all advertisements
for this paper must be received by 10
o'clock Monday morning of each week.
Subscribers when writing to have the
address of their paper changed, MUST
give the old as well as the new address.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
Our Orange Groves.

Mr.. VIM. Lyle returned last week from
a trip to Jacksonville, going via the
West Coast line and after having an op-
portunity of seeing the remains of the
groves in other counties he came home
saying that every piece of grove prop
erty in which he was interested is worth
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23

turer. and if they do not it may after all BIZ
entirely the fault of the farmer himself.
The agricultural class in Florida j:
largely in the majority and by working to
gether or combining they could shape leg
islation to their own ends. and if they dc
not do this the inference naturally is that
they are satisfied with their present con
dition and the laws that are enacted. The
continual complaints of the farmer. how
ever, show that this is not the case, and we
admit that the complaints in many cases
are we'll grounded.
The farmer has the remedy in his own
hands, If he will exercise the right OF
franchise properly he will have no cause to
complain. Perhaps the best way to do
this is to begin at the beginning-in the
party primaries-and to nominate for Office
such men only as are in sympathy with
the farmer and will carry out his wishes.
We say that the party primaries are the
places to start for the reason that the aver
age man. unfortunately, will vote for the
man nominated by his party, regardless of
the results
II is now too late to start at the begin.
ming for this election, as the nominations
have already been made, but the voter. if
he will sever for at least season the party
chains and discriminate in favor of the
man who will do him the most good in the
halls of legislation, regardless Of what
party he belongs to, he can still accom-
plish much good. We do not advise the
disruption of parties, for we know they are
and the more evenly they are di
yided the better for the country, but the
voter, the farmer, the great body Of the
plain people who are bone and sinew of
the country can teach the politician a
much needed lesson. by refusing to follow
the party dictates, when these dictates are
to their interest. In other
words when candidate is nominated who
is not qualified for the Office, or who the
voters think will antagonize their interests
they should be scratched without
hesitation.
This advice would be considered the
rankest heresy coming from a political or
gan, but fortunately the AGRICULTURIsT is
not such, and is glad of it. Hence we do
not hesitate to advise our readers to cast
their votes at the forthcoming election for
the men who are best qualified for the re.
spective offices for which they are nomin-
ated, and who will best guard their inter-
ests--regardless of the party from which
they received the nomination. If this plan
is followed for awhile party leaders will
soon learn the lesson, and will afterwards
nominate the proper kind Of officials.
The farmers are in the majority, they
hold the balance of power and if they exer-
else this power discreetly they can shape
legislation and the enforcement of the laws
to suit themselves, and we have such con
fdence in the patriotism of this class that
we feel certain that in so shaping legisla.
ton and the administration of the laws
they will not usurp the rights of others.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23

ADVERTISING RATES.
Rates for advertising furnished on ap-
plication by letter or in person.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23
TERMS.

One year, single subscription. ....... $500
Six months, single subscription. LOO
Single copy.. :. ..... 49,. .05
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23

WEDNESDAY, SEP TENDER %, 1896
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-09-23

Entered at the postoff1ce at DeLand, Florida
as Second Class matter,
The San Francisco call., 1896-03-22

a most treacherous one for navigation, as
a reef following the same general direction
as the islands runs out into the bay a dis
tance OF half mile. Buoys are anchored
at different points, but the tide often runs
SO swift that they are pulled beneath the
surface and concealed from view. Small
river steamers are frequently unable to
stem the current, and will remain in the
same position for hours. Before the light
house was built few il any vessels at
tempted to pass the islands at night, ex-
cept, perhaps, an occasional man-of-war
when it was a matter of great importance.
The first work of the engineers on East
the top, so as to make perfectly level sur
face for the buildings. This was an easy
matter, as the rocks scattered over the sur
face were simply piled up along the sides
and cemented together. The work was
we'll done, for it has stood the dashing of
waves for twenty-eight years without ever
being repaired.
The question of water was an important
one. There was none on the island and
the only way to obtain it was from the
rain that fell in the winter. To do this all
of that portion of the island not occupied
by buildings was converted into 'rain
she'd" The entire surface was covered
with a few inches of concrete made to
slope to the center, in which a cistern was
located. Plugs were arranged so that the
water could be allowed to settle before be-
ing turned in. The rain shed contains
about Is, coo square feet and has the ap-
pearance of an immense tennis court. 1t
has always furnished enough water for the
engines and domestic purposes.
The first building put up on the island
The San Francisco call., 1896-03-22
Captain ]. o. Steinmark.
From q photograph

was the light tower. The lamp was first
lighted on March 2, 1874, and the keeper
occupied the room on the first floor that is
now used as storeroom. The first light t
put in was revolving red and white flash
operated by weight machinery. 1t re-
quired three keepers and fOr some reason
never gave satisfaction so that it was soon
taken out and the present lamp put in.
East Brother light is known as one of
the fifth class. The lenses were made by
Sautier & Co. of Paris, who made nearly
all of the lenses for the Government about
that time. The lamp burns mineral oil
and can develop about 100 candlepower,
that is increased to 500 by the lenses. 1t
has two wicks and gives steady white
light. The lamp is sixty-fve feet above the
surface of the water and can be seen from
almost any point on the bay. The location
of East Brother light is such that on a
clear day person standing in the tower
can see the shore line of every county that
borders on the San Francisco and San
Pablo bays. San Mateo and Napa show
dimly, but San Francisco, Alameda. Con-
ira Costa, Solano. Sonoma and Marin can
be plainly seen.
The keepers residence is made to ac-
commodate two families and is built up
against one side of the tower, so that it is
unnecessary to go outside unless there is
need of the foghorn. The building is q
pretty and substantial structure arranged
as conveniently as ls possible under the
circumstances.
The foghorn was put up at the same
time as the light and occupies q building
at the eastern end of the island. Steam is
furnished by twenty horsepower boiler
The San Francisco call., 1896-03-22

You know Marion was so hopeful when we
were married. He lost great deal last
year, but there never was known 10 Ds
failure two years in succession, ana ne
thought he would get along we'll this year
l suppose we should have waited anotne.
year before we married to see how thing
were coming out If we had only hao
snow last winter it wouldn t have been SO
dry this spring and we might have had q .
good crop of hay, but the way 1T IS tno
grass all dried up and the cattle have aD-
solutely nothing to eat" -,
HAS Marion lost many of his cattle r
[ asked, somewhat appalled, at such story
of misfortune.
ssLost! Why, we haven't anything left.
You know his father gave him good start,
and he had done well up to this veal, put
he didn't feel like asking his father for
more money, and he simply didn't have
enough to buy feed with. I didn't want
him to send to his father, either, Tor, OF
course, times are hard in Chicago, and we
thought we would get along by ourselves.
If we should starve-of course there was
no danger of that-but mean If we should
lose everything, we could start over again
some time.'
"I feel so worried about Marion" she
went on. lie doesn't look well this sum
mer. It is hard for him to have so much
trouble.' He frets over it, 1 think, but
doesn't say very much. He has got down
into the blues and to point where he
thinks he never will be able to recover
what he has lost. We feel as though we
should always be poor. Of course, this
drought will not last always, but all our
money is gone, and it is hard to get start
the second time"
'.Oh, there he comes now" She left me
and ran to the door to meet her husband,