davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11

the throne of grace, with praise and
supplication.
Therefore, I, Grover Cleveland,
president of the United States, do
hereby designate and set apart
Thursday, the twenty-sixth day of
the present month of November, to
be kept and observed as a day of
thanksgiving and prayer throughout
our land.
On that day let all our people fore
go their usual work and occupation
and, assembled in their accustomed
places of worship, let them with one
accord render thanks to the Ruler OF
the Universe for our preservation as
a nation and our deliverance from ev-
cry threatening danger; for the
peace that has dwelt within our
boundaries, for our defense against
disease and pestilence during the
year that has passed; for the plent-
eous rewards that have followed the
labors of our husbandmen, and for
all the other blessings that have been
vouchsafed to us.
And let us, through the mediation
of Him who has taught us how to
pray, implore the forgiveness of our
sins, and a CONTINUATION of heavenly
favor.
Let us not forget on this day of
thanksgiving the poor and needy;
and by deeds of charity let our offer
ings of praise be made more accept
able in the sight of the Lord.
Witness my hand and seal of the
United States, which I have caused
to be hereto affixed.
Done at the city of Washington
this fourth day of November, in the
year of our Lord one thousand, eight
hundred and ninety-six, and of the
independence of the United States of
America the one hundred and TWEEN
ty-frst.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11

necessary along these lines. Vegeta-
BILE growing, while it proves profita-
BILE some seasons can be classed as
an extra hazardous occupation, and
growers do not feel inclined to take
the chances of frosts and drouth and
the further cause of having their
profits dwindle away on account of
heavy transportation charges.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11
WEDNESDAY, NOV. II, 1896.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.

FARM, GROVE AND acknowledgement
tive Creameries; Freight Reduction Neces-
sary; Some Farming Advantages in Fla 734
Business Methods in Farming; How to
Prevent Injury From Frost; Strawberries
for the Family. Observation-Disclosures. 735
A Frost Protector; English Pea; Egg
PIanJ FerGlzer. ........................... 736
The Export Orange Trade; The Orange
supply ................. Observation-Disclosures. 15(
Availability of Phosphoric Acid in Florida
9ock; Oat Culture; Asparagus Rust zee. 1888
FLORAL DEP Clubhouse Culture OF
Hyacinths; Geraniums for Winter Bloom
ing; The Garden: Tobacco Dust as an In.
secticide: Flowers on the Home Farm;
Hardy Palms. Observation-Disclosures. 1872
EDITORI AL-Thanksgiving; The Battle is
Over; Transportation Rates; The Stevens
Protector; The Best Stock for Oranges .. TAO
HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENT - A Dainty
Music Stand; Cocoanut Goodies; Table
POULTRY Observation-Disclosures of
a Complete Ration; Cost and Profit for
Year; Pigeons and Proft...................... TAB
LITERARY-''A Platonc Friend '.............. 744
PUZZLER ........ ..................7 46
FLOhADAANA. ............... ...... T41
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11
THE STEVENS PROTECTOR.

The Orlando Reporter gives the
following details of the Stevens ap-
pliance of smudging for the proven
ton of frost:
bucket made of three thickness
es of hardware wrapping paper
holds six pounds of crude rosin with
small quantity of tow saturated
with coal oil placed on top, is set at
desired intervals in the grove or pin
cry. These, when lighted, will burn
two hours, emitting dense smoke
which permeates the atmosphere and
forms cloud over the locality which
is a positive protection from cold.
In the experiment here referred to
only three buckets were used, and
they produced more smoke than
would have come from a railroad To-
connective burning pitch pine, and the
cloud hung over the pineryfor hours.
The buckets are made by the
Messrs. Stevens and the whole cost
of the bucket and contents is only
five and half cents, which puts it
within reach of anyone. To be more
explicit, the bucket costs three and a
half cents and the rosin two cents.
While in operation the paper bucket
burns down even with the combusti-
BILE contents, allowing proper ventil-
alton which cannot be had with met
al vessels.
In case of severe freezes the buck
cts should be replaced two or three
times during the night in order to
keep up the favorable conditions de-
sired.
Now, as to the practical results
the Messrs. Stevens, during the
freeze of February, 1895, arranged
these buckets in an acre and half
grove at Citra, and the result was
not only the body of the trees but
the limbs nearly up to the new
growth, we're saved, and today that
grove is bearing, while those in the
same locality, not so treated, were
killed nearly to the ground.
To ascertain the cost of protecting
an acre by this process it is only
necessary to estimate the cost of
about fifty or sixty buckets at five
and a half cents each and in extreme
cases multiply by three.
1t is safe to predict that this meth
cd will be universally adopted and
greatly reduce the element of risk
from semi-tropical fruit growing.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11
TO CORRESPONDENTS.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Articles relating to any topic within the
scope of this paper are solicited.
We can not promise to return rejected
manuscript unless stamps are enclosed.
All communication intended for pub
LEGATION mast be accompanied with real
name, as guarantee Of good faith No
anonymous contribution will be regarded.
Money should be sent by Draft, Postof-
flee Money Order on DeLand, or Regis
tered Letter. otherwise the publisher will
not be responsible in case Of loss. When
personal checks are used exchange must
be added. Only 1 and 2-cents lamps
taken when change cannot be had.
To insure insertion, all advertisements
for this paper must be received by 10
o'clock Monday morning of each week.
Subscribers when writing to have the
address Of their paper changed, MUST
give the old as we'll as the new address.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11
TRANSPORTATION GATES.

In another column one Of our cor
respondents quotes figures to show
the necessity of lower freight rates
on Florida vegetables. The Agricul-
turist admits that some reform is
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11

citrus fruits, not only because it has
less stamina and resistant qualities
than the sour orange, but more es-
pecially because of it's liability to
NAL de gonna (foot-rot). In other
respects the sweet stock has no adj
vantages over the sour. Some have
advanced the theory that orange
trees on sour stocks were not as we'll
adapted to high dry locations as
trees on sour stocks were smaller
than on sweet roots. But these theo-
ries are refuted by the fact that
thousands of our best highland
groves are upon sour stock, and the
further fact that the largest orange
trees of which we have record are
upon sour stocks. Trees on sour
stock are perhaps slower in reaching
a given size than trees upon sweet
stock, are certainly slower than sweet
seedlings, but l do not think the ul-
innate size of a given variety on sour
stock is appreciably less than the
same variety OH sweet stock, and I
do not think sweet seedlings make
much, if any, larger trees than good
growing varieties upon sour stock.
The trough" lemon and the pomelo
have been quite extensively used as
stocks for oranges and citrus. The
trough lemon forces a rapid growth
and a tree upon this stock increases
in size more rapidly than upon other
stocks. It is more susceptible to in
jury from cold than other stocks, but
risk from this cause can be obviated
by budding below the surface Tor by
budding low and earthing up for
winters). Except in locations eX-
empt from severe cold, it will not
pay to plant on rough" lemon
stocks unless the stock is earth-cov-
cred in winter.
The trough" lemon and pomelo are
both good, but comparatively new,
and to some ext~a3 undetermined
stocks
The sour orange should rank first
because it's merits have been tested
and widely tested for years.
Some cases of NAL de gonna have
been reported on the trough lemon,
but none, so far as 1 know, upon po-
melO. [ have never been able to To-
cate a case of foot-rot upon a sour
orange tree. A few such cases have
been reported but [ have not been
able to verify them. For several
years I had to deal with verulent
form of foot-rot in an old grove in
which part of the trees were upon
sweet and part upon sour roots, but
no trace of the disease ever appeared
upon the sour trees.
The trifoliata CITRUS trifoliata)
has recently come into quite general
use as a stock for citrus trees. It is
entirely hardy, as far north as Wash
ington, and, like the sour stock, is
resistant to disease and unfavorable
conditions. 1t has a tendency to in
crease the hardness of varieties
worked" upon it and to induce early
ripening. We grow the trifoliata
70 have o,1,.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11

ADVERTISING RATES.
Rates for advertising furnished on ap-
plication by letter or in person.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11
TERMS.

One year single subscription. ...... $2.OO
Six months, single subscriptions. 100
Single copy. ........ 10
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-11-11

Entered at the pos Off e at DeLand, Florida
as Second Class mat er,
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23

who sought TO force the up-to-date
methods of impersonal journalism upon
him. Cockerill refused to submit and
took the consequences.
Among newspaper men he was a
good fellow" but like so many who
are following in his footsteps, his good
good-fellowship and the high mental
tension which his position in the news
paper world demanded sent him TO an
early grave.
Col. Cockerill was an able man, but
had not the business ability TO make
money and keep it. He was rich in
friends, however, and his name will be
kindly remembered when Reid, Ben
nett and nominal editors of similar
character are buried in the quickly for
gotten past.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23
A NOTED JOURNALIST.

Col. John A. Cockerill. who died in
Cairo, where he was stationed as a
special correspondent for the New
York Herald, was one of the best known
as we'll as one of the most popular
newspaper men in the United States.
In many respects his career has been
marked by the discouraging features of
the newspaper profession, which cause
more than one man to pause before en-
tering upon the road of the rough"
A man of marked ability as writer,
true to his principles and true to his
employer, he found himself, after thirty
years of hard, grinding labor, still sub
Ject to the dictation of an employee.
and with little or nothing financially
to show for what he had done.
Colonel Cockerill did his first news
paper work in Ohio, and after a notable
career in that State, assumed the man |
agement OF a New York daily. About |
our years ago he was placed in charge
II the New York Commercial Adver-
1ser.- He raised that paper from a
financial and editorial weakling to a
osltlon among the leading journals of
he city, and just as he was on the eve
I reaping the reward of his Iabors he
as forced out by ambitious individuals
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23
A Correction.

Following is correction made in the
artlcle by Thee. Fl. Davies on the Fund.
ing bill, published in the Advertiser OF
the list inst: THE London debt is
now 100000, and the annual interest
Is $6O,OOO. 1t you could pay all this off
at par, and issue new bonds at IS. with
212 per cent commission, as proposed.
the new bonds would amount to ST.
1oV'oOO' and the annual interest at per
cent. would be $4,000. Is it worth while
to add 100000 and long term of years
TO our debt, for the sake of a possible
saving of $4,000 in the interest on a
debt which we mo,o have the option of
paying off at any time?"
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23
THE VOLCANO ERUPTION.

The report that the crater of Makua-
Weoweo has broken out again is ex-
| tremely interesting. 1t is now a little
over nine years since the last eruption
took place. On that occasion, after a
short display from the summit and a
series of earthquake shocks which
shook up Kau and the Konas in a
very lively manner, the lava found an
outlet about sixteen or seventeen miles
above Kahuku, and in three days reach
ed the sea. While it lasted it was a
very brilliant sight, but it was only
those who promptly reached the spot
that had an opportunity of seeing its
grandeur. The Hall made a special
trip and carried a number of passen-
gers, but they arrived just too late for
the fair. The flow was as black as it
is today, though fire could be seen
through the cracks, and the sea where
the boats landed was boiling hot.
The eruption of 1880, when for many |
days the fire fountains played on the
summit, ended in aow which was
many weeks in progress, and came to
an end within a mile of Hilo court
house. Had it continued it would have
gone clean through the town of. Hilo
and destroyed many of it's buildings.
Should flow break out on the Kau or
<ona side, its progress will most prob
bly, be very rapid, as the slope of the ,
ountry is quite sharp. Should it break I
ut on the Hilo side, its course, at first 6
apid, will become slower and slower as 7
comes through the woods, where the +
lope is somewhat gentle. 6
When Makuaweoweo has finished. +
'e may look for Kilauea to stoke up a
gain, and the stream of tourist travel n
Ill once more set vigorously in. q
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23

From all that can be learned, the
opium license is not dead-but sleeping
The advocates of the measure are play
ing waiting game, and are said to
be ready to force the fight at the lat
ter part OF the session. If this is true,
If it can be possible that any of our
legislators are foolish enough to at
tempt to force this measure upon the
people at this time, it behooves the
people OF the country, and Honolulu in
particular, to keep their weather eve
open and be ready to give the measure
blows when it does come
up. With over half the time allotted to
the Legislature elapsed, with only one
appropriation bill anywhere near COM
pIeted, with the Internal Tax bill and
he Funding and Loan bills still under
it seems unreasonable
hat any one of our lawmakers should
lsk the Legislature to waste the re-
naming valuable time on the consid-
ration of such a questionable measure
S the opium bill. To renew the opium
discussion means stirring I'D strife at |
time when all the sensible political
over of the country should be conferred
n measures vital to the industrial
rogress of the country. Let the opium
i'll continue it's slumbers.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23
THURSDAY

If history is repeated by President
Cleveland offering to act as a mediator
between Spain and her Cuban colony
history will also be repeated by the me-
diation amounting to nothing so far as
the increased liberty of the Cubans is
concerned. Spain once promised to ex-
ercise greater leniency toward the Gu
bans, and that promise has proved en-
tirely worthless. The Cubans ought to
have learned, if President Cleveland
has not, that they will always suffer
oppression so long as they bear the
Spanish monarchial yoke. Absolute in
dependence is the only thing that will
settle Cuban woes, and the patriots will
probably fight until they get 1t.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23

The State conventions for the election
of delegates to the National Republican
Presidential convention continue to
give returns satisfactory to the sup
porters of William Mckinley. Thomas
B. Reed is picking up delegates here
and there, but he has shown serious
weakness in being unable to go to the
convention with a solid New England
delegation behind him. New Hampshire
was the first to jump the traces, and
now Rhode Island comes into the doubt
full list Ever since the New Hampshire
delegates were elected, Senator Chand-
Ter has been busy trying to explain
that indorsing both Mckinley and
Reed means no harm to the New Eng
land candidate; but politicians are quick
to note that the man from Maine is !
weak in the States where he is best
known. Mckinley, throughout his pri-
Fate and public career, has shown him
self a man of unquestionable personal
and always true to the Am
erican principles of his party. The COM
mon people have found him politician
who can be trusted.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23

The HAWAIIAN GAZETTE (semi-
weekly and the ADVERTISER con-
tain all the news of the week. Mail
them with your letters today. To
be had in wrappers at news stands
and publication office.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1896-04-23
INCOME TAX

We find on inquiry that Representa-
tive Winston's bill for taxing incomes
is no hasty production, but that the
Representative has been at work upon
it since the special session. We have
not yet had an opportunity of seeing
the bill, but from what we can gather
it is a we'll thought out piece of legis-
lation, and is in such shape that it can
be easily dealt with during this session.
There can be no doubt that the CEN
trail and variable tax in proper system
of taxation ought to be an income tax.
A high authority says: This tax should
vary from year to year according to the
needs of the Government, and it's rate
should be calculated after the revenues
from other sources have been estimat-
ed" With us the variation should &C.
cur every two years, if we are to have
a variation. In Japan from the outset
there has been no variation. The in
come tax there is levied as follows:
Incomes of $500, free.
Over $500 to $1,000, 1 per cent.
Over 81 900 to $4,000, 11a per cent.
Over $4,000 to $4,000, 2 per cent.
Above $4,000, per cent
The advantages of an income tax are
very obvious 1t is by far the fairest
tax as yet devised. A man who owns an
unproductive property has not to pay q
on the unproductive value. In seasons
of depression al income tax does not
bear heavily upon the business man;
but in seasons of prosperity, when he
can we'll afford 10 pay, it asks largely
In another way it is much more fair Z,
than license tax. The latter makes it
hard for man to begin his profession
To ask that all lawyers should pay. the
same license fee is manifestly unjust. 81
TO the young man struggling to gain
foothold fifty dollars is a serious bur-
den, while to the man making his $1O.-
OVO year or more it is a mere baga-
teIle. Licenses are a burden to the
poor man and no burden whatever to
Inc rlch. The income tax, however,
places the burden upon the shoulders
ready and fit to bear it, while it eases
he load of the poor and weak.
The argument made against it is that
is inquisitorial. But what tax Is not?
IS not the property tax inquisitorial?
The income tax asks but one question
luestions under the personal property n
ak are numerous. In tax assessment q
list before us there are ffty-six items -
nd that surely is inquisitoriaI enough. \
Another argument is that it is diff
ult to assess an income tax fairly; but
is far more difficult to assess personal
property fairly. The fact is. it is an
asy tax to assess, and in Japan. where
ne argument was made, on its institu-
ion, that it would be hard tax to COL
set, 1T has been found the easiest tax ~,
} collect Ii
Ihese are general principles. When
IT. Wlnston's bill comes up it will be
wen most careful consideration. A
after so radical as a change in the
xation system is one that the nnblic
ould thoroughly understand. ri
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1896-01-27
LIKE UNTO HIS BRETHREN
Rev. DR.. w. D. Williams Speaks OF
FraiItieS and Triumphs

Rev. DR.. w. d. Williams preached at
Plymouth Church yesterday morning from
the text, Wherefore in all things it be-
hooved him to be made like unto his
brethren; for in that he himself hath suf-
Tered; being tempted, he is able to succor
them that are tempted"
DR.. Williams said:
The temptation of Jesus introduces the cues
ton OF his peccablity. In the middle ages
theologians,, as theologians sometimes do,
wasted much valuable time in heated discus
sion about the ability of Christ to commit SIM
All agreed that he had power not to sin. The
latter is the power humanity needs. Ability
10 SIN is common enough. 1t doesn't require
much power to commit sin. 1t Is divine to
live without sin.
1t is hard to say an agreeable thing. II is
easier to say q. disagreeaDle thing. Jesus was
led up OF the spirit into the wilderness, not re-
luctantly like victim in the train of the con-
queror, but allured by the spirit OF truth and
spirit driveth him into the wilderness" He
was driven only as ship with canvas I'M
folded and filed with favoring breeze is
driven in her rightful course, responsive to
destroy. 1t only bends and directs the human
will. Temptation strikes each individual! in O.
different place, All is not gold that glitters,
but all gold does not glitter. If the unfempted
still shine it may be that those who do not
shine If tested and proven would shine as gold
purified with fire.
rience. The dyes that seem SO bright to-day
may wash out o-rnorrow.
Many persons whose hearts were right have
been perpleEed when tempted because their
heads were, wrong. 1t is because the devil
looks so much like an angel that he is so much
to be feared. There is not one person who
tries to live true life but is painfully con-
scious that life is q struggle. Let Us walk
firmly, for strange paths untrod lie before US
all Let US walk .straightly, forgetting the
crooked paths behind and pressing on with
steadier purpose on our brow to accomplish
better deeds.
The tempted Christian is infinitely better off
than the interrupted sinner. The latter is in
sensible to temptation because morally dead
The former is quickly sensitive because
morally alive. Chrlsts victory is a source of
en- encouragement to us. When Corregio first saw
the unrivaled creation of Raphael he raptu-
rously exclaimed: 81 also am a painter" The
success of Raphael carried inspiration to his
soul. Since Christ was human and overcame
temptation we may be inspired TO say: 1--WE,
also, are mer." What Christ did we may hope
to do if filed with his spirit.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1896-01-27
THE PAUL|STS CELEBRATE
Conversion of st. Paul Observed
at Old St. Mary's
Church.
WORK OF THE MISSIONARIES.
how the Community Has Sprung Up
to Great Power in the
United States.
WORK OF THE MISSIONARIES.

The Paulists had special service yester-
day. 1t was in commemoration of the
conversion of Saint Paul, who is the
patron of this community of priests.
The historical old church on Califor-
MA street was thronged with people at the
solemn high mass, which was celebrated
at 1880 o'clock. Hundreds were obliged
to stand in the aisles of the church.
The services were impressive and the
altar decorations beautiful. Special music
was provided. The ceiebrant of the mass
was Rev. Father A. NJ. Clark, C, S. P. I;
deacon, Rev. Father E. Gente. S. Nj,
pastor of the French Church, sub-deacon,
Rev. Father Wyman. Rev. Father OTIS
was master of ceremonies.
The other elergymen present included the
Rev. P. E. Yorke. chancellor of the arch
diocese of San Francisco; Rev. Father
Allen, S. j., pastor of st. Ignatius Church !;
Rev. Father McGovern, o. P, pastor of
st. Dominic's Church; Rev. Father Ed
mund of the franciscan Fathers, Rev.
Father Brennan of ST. Patricks Church
Rev. Father Byrne of st. Mary's Cathedral
and Rev. Father Organ, editor of the
Monitor.
The Paulist Fathers have made great
progress since taking charge of old St.