The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1896-03-22
ON SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY y.

pared by l.. Frobeen OF Berlin shows the pro
duction OF a valuable article for Industrial ant
other purposes. Ninety-1ve parts CT asbost n
fibre OF the best quality are washed in a solu
ton Of permanRanate of calcium and ther
treated with sulphuric acid. tho fibre beinI
thus bleached. After treating the fibre In this
manner i've parts Of ground wood pulp ar,
added. and tho entire mass placed in the aRi
tating box, with an addition OF some lime water
and borax. After being thoroughly IN liked the
material IL pumped into a regulating box and
allowed TO flow out of a gate into an endless
wire cloth, where IL enters the usual paper.mak'
ing machinery. Paper produced in this way,
IL is reported. will resist even the direct infiu
ence of a flame, and may be placed in q white
heat with impunitv. Ordinary paper may be
made hreproof by treating II with n fluid
consisting OF thirty three parts manga nate of
chloride, twenty parts orthophosphoric acid:
boric acid, and twenty five parts chloride. OF
ammonia. In one quart of water; this solution
with IL will resist great heat and the direct In
huence OF flame for some time.
1t seems that during a recent surveying
cruise of a British vessel south of the Friendly
Isles. in the South Pacific, an attempt was
made to obtain the depth Of water within a
small area which previous soundings bad
shown to be very deep. At the first attempt
the wire went down %. 800 feet, and then. In
consequence of some defect, 1t snapped before
the bottom was reached. and. the wind and sea
becoming rough. nothing could DO done until
the conditions were more favorable. The next
,oot uos ,oLor In 18th ,o,,.,aa 900 AZ, go.
1ana,,nI. 80 ,ni .ri. -" ~
ing more successful. though still incomplete.
for the wire again proving imperfect, II once
s more f smappe 90; t ,ne 1epth anIaIneo on ms ocCa-
bed Of the ocean; this spot. therefore,. Is de
clared to, be the deepest water now known in any
hat, :, Ime woriui a rev years ago, ~ appears,
about sixty miles nearer the Friendlv Isles
than that above named.
"
~ 10 interesting rs coming irorh
io' iiuesn,'. ioren'oe' IL suoh TO
o"pn,' .""I pe.o"u IL oie enu Oh the spec
u =, Is " ~nofe saihu' IL in'ieiole rays
WIN" W ' themselves oy 'he'l enectih
~ h INV oC'on anu summary De-
yohu tne otner ehd OF the visible scale. the
deep red, there is a gamut OF invisible or dark
rays which are only perceived by their heating
effect. SOMA ,1ea be sara ~, tha tm.,as..maa
OF the ultra red" may he gathered from the
fact that It has been traced TO a distance nearly
ten times as long as the whole range of the Wis
IDLE or light-giving region of the spectrum; to
dark rays sS;s" it has BEEN Clearly snt nece @ssfsr'9 fos
science to mt itself with some new sort of eyes
Tor seeing what ordinary eyes Iannot. namely,
heat rays and chemical rays, and. in respect Of
the latter. the Photographic plate has brought
has been used in feeling for absorption lines in
the great Invisible spectrum which lies be-
'oNN -
In Germany for many years past bronze wire
has been in use for telephone lines. on account
Of It's conductivtty being superior to that Of iron
or steel wires. Besides bronze wires covered
with copper. q number of German makers have
also brought out numerous double metal wires.
under the name of compound wire, bimetallio
Ufro AnrhIa ynaAal yrtra 1n,hIo l.o.- -
patent bronze wire. &c. These wires have a core
of steel or aluminium bronze. with a high tensile
strength and are coyarad w,tb connoro. -.
OF a high conductivity, and experiments with
these wires having been made with n view To
comparing them with bronze wire for telephone
purposes the results are claimed to show
that they have important properties available
IN una way iti stated for example. that a
telephone line with a bimetallic conductor will
ductor or a single metal. such as copper,,less In
suiatIon, 100 Is saiu 10 oe needed Tor such a con
ouGt0r IMAM ior copper or any other material.
anu nehce such wires lald on the earth without
Iion 10 a mqch greater distance. The final
eject that the double metal wires = resipv
no more valuable than the pure copper wire,
pmL Una. Ihe distance 70 which telephonic
is possible depends mainly Ipon The size AMI
weight Of the wires. presuming all the conditions
are sHnilar' -
The various discouragements which some Of
the European cities have met with in securing
satisfactory street have led tn some-
what .xt.rs,yo and a, ,,orIa onna..
u "ppear' encouras'
ing experiments with what Is called cork pave
ment-from the fact that cork is the most promi.
Want and esssntIa, ,n,rod,.rt Ia h......-.
en' ""u INV IL 'he anialsam OF
which 1t Is composed. The pavement used
in Vienna consists of graduated cork
,ri~.d ,,,tb rtr.ro, oonhor 81
= "ih NV "7pha'' anu other cone
sive substances. compressed into blocks Of suita-
BILE size and form. Among the numerous adyan-
.ooa.o. ,,..h 4, ,.s 49,.
issSne = dUrshtIi,r " eialidni,S + 9roednlihess, noise
narinsss whe a Vet Sr Try arI nn from SID
E. n4' 40 a. - Nnu nouerate COST
ornnTiv tnoioroUn,s" r. nra.nnt. ~ anu Gonse'
ssasjy, ~ ut - pdosSSnHs 'ne MINIMUM
nassIn. ioaJs Soao a nv u'e,tuis .IiastiH unuer
bedded in lar and rest upon n concret q base n
six inches thick. When taken up for examina-
ton tley nave exhi3ited' when compared with
than one eighth inchtthis in The c"sa q = q seo
ton of a London street leading 10 the Great