Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1896-11-13
FOR MEDICINAL USE
NO EuSEL OIL
HOW MAGAZINES ARE MADE.
Recent Lnbor-snying Devices for
Getting Out vast Editions.

news-stands Of the day one would be led
TO say that there was no limit TO the
magazines published IN the United States
A few years ago the monthly publica-
tons could almost be counted upon the
fingers Of one hand. while nj the present
time the number Of these publications
can be reckoned by the score. Five years
ago 50 cents was charged and willingly
paid for am illustrated monthly. To-day
many are sold FOR 10 cents. Many per
son has exclaimed in surprise when 90
ing over the pages Of such publications,
How can they DO 1t for the price and
make money!
The answer may be found In the words,
advertisements" and "labor-savng ma
chinery." Such has been the marvellous
development IN the processes used for
producing a magazine in the last five
years, more especially In the substitu-
ton Of mechanical devices for hand la
Dor. that one has not long to puzzle
over the problem Of the cheap monthly.
and II may safely be mentioned that this
problem has bothered the minds of not
a few persons who buy and read this
kind OF literature.
Ii IS estimated that under present me-
thods It costs the publisher just about
the price he charges TO put out his pro-
duct. This puts the advertising into the
"vclvet" column. and when IL is known
that the prices charged page for q
single issue average about 500 some idea
may De obtained of the profits made from
the business.
How are the great editions OF modern
magazines. I'm several cases as much as
10000 for each issue. gotten ont? Pass
ing over briefly the reading matter and
Illustrations. which are obtained by
means too well known TO need descrip-
ton. and also passing over the setting
ND Of the type, which is done partly by
hand and partly by linotype machines,
also the making up Of the forms, which
has no particular interest or novelty. the
visitor I'm an up-tO-date magazine plant
will find his interest first aroused by the
presses used I'm printing. These are Of
two kinds-the rotary perfecting press, in
which the paper Is fed from a roll SINH
lar to the kind used in big newspaper Of
fees. and the hat-feeder presses. As the
work required by a magazine is some
what different from that Of a newspaper.
the speed ri which "a rotary perfectng
press is run is much less. The advertis-
ing and plain text forms are run through
this press al toe rate of 5000 sheets an
hour. each sheet containing slxty-four
pages.
The cuts and half-tones. which have
to be printed on clay-coated and calender
cd paper. and which require great care
and attention. are run through on the fiat
bed presses. being fed one sheet at a time
The paper required for this kind OF work
Is OF such a grade that IL cannot be put
I'D in rolls There Is used at the present
time IN connection with these fatbed
presses. a marvellous automatic mechani-
cal device. known as a paper feeder,
which. by doing the work once done by
hand. not only saves their wages. but by
increasing the output OF tho machines 70
2 which they are attached On many cases
doubling their capacity enables the user
10 make much larger profit on each
machine It's speed is limited only by the
capacity Of the machine. and. as IL well
known recent improvements Ia cylinder
| presses enable them 70 be run al a greater
rate OF speed than they can be fed by
/ hand The automatic feeder thus meets
| the demands of recent advances IN cylin-
/ der presses. Recent improvements pre-
/ vent absolutely more than one sheet being
/ fed at a time and should il miss folding a
sheet from any cause. II automatically
/ stops the press. and informs the attendant
/ by ringing a bell. The automatic feeder
/ is really a wonder.
/ 4 WONDERFUL FOLDING MACHINE.
From the presses the paper is carried on
1 trucks 10 the folding machines and loaded,
/ i'm lots of from GOO 10 5000 sheets at a
| time, on the platforms Of the automatic
/ feeders attached thereto. These folding
machines form the second exhibit OF
wonderful .abor-saviug devices. Folding
machines with automatic feeders do to-
day work which would have required ten
I folding machines five years ago. and
I which. ten years ago was done almost
entirely By hand. The feeders deliver the
printed sheets to the folding machines al
the rate of 1900 an hour The folding
machines are Of three or four different
makes, and do their work in different
ways One is known rs a quadruple
folder. another as a double-siXteen folder
and another as a four-eight folder. The
duadruple folder takes the sheets as de-
livered by the feeder and folds the sixty
four pages pages, cutting and delivering
. the same In four separate sections Of six
teen pages each. The double-sixteen folder
/ takes the clay-cOated sheets with the cuts
consisting Of thirty-two pages, cuts. folds
/ and delivers the same in two sections OF
I sixteen pages each; and so on with the
other STYLES Of folders This work Of fold
1 ing and cutting is all done by tbs
machines An attendant only is necessary
to see that the work is going on as il
should be.
From the folding machines the sheet:
are taken TO a hydraulic press. where they
are subjected TO a pressure Of 1000
pounds, and while under this pressure they
are tied up with ropes, making bundles o.
| a uniform size and thickness. This process
! takes out OF the paper any enclosing i'm
/ parted In passing through the presses; d
also congresses the paper for convenience
/ in handling through the subsequent stages
of the work These bundles are made witt
reference to the number OF pages as they
VIII appear in the magaZine-viz., ont
bundle will contain pages from 1 to l6
another pages from II 10 3D. and so on
Next they are opened and laid upon larg'
tables at which girls are working, takini
sections from each bundle until the ful
book IS gathered together This work i
all done by hand the girls being paid b,
the piece From practice they come q
work with great rapidity.
PUTTING ON THE COVERS
After the sheets have been gathers
into complete book they are stltche
nv machines and passed on 20 the cove
machine which forms another import
ant. IL not the most important. exhibi
among all the other machines. Thi
cover machine puts the covers on IN
maRazlne at the rate OF 1900 in ever
len hours. and requires but two attend
ants. one to load on the books and N
other 10 take them of when .coverc,
The machine is twelve feet long IL IN
a double set OF large wheels at eac
end. around which runs an endle'
J chain, having steel grips at measure
intervals. The books are fed into