davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
HYPN ISM IN CRIME.
Matter Considered at the Me dico.
Legal Congress at New York.
Majority of Medical Men I'm This Country
Do Not Recognize Hypnotic Trance
as an Existing Fact-COntrary
True In Europe.

At the medico-legal congress held re-
Gently at New York Clark Bell read a
paper on 'sHypnotism in the Courts OF
Law" Mr.. Bell senta letter to several
prominent physicians asking these
questions:
Can crime be committed by the hypnotizer,
the subject being the unconscious and tnnocens
agent and Instrument
If the subject is unconscious and even un-
willing has the hypnotizer such power ana
domination over the hypnotized as could CON-
troll action to the extent Of the commission OF
Q crime?
Is it possible to remove by hypnotic sugges-
ton from the mind of the subject all memory
of acts or occurrence which happen In the nyp-
motto state?
Would it be possible for q hypnotizer to so
control hypaotizel saJj Get rs to. for exam
ple make hi n sign u will in the presence OF
persons, declare it to be his Will and to request
them to sign attesting witnesses and be
afterw. I'd wholly unconscious OF tic OCCUR
renee? Or d motto OF h N or check?
Replies in the affirmative were re-
ceived from several eminent professors,
while others, conccding that persons in
a hypnotic state are constantly amen
able to control by srggess6On. denied
that hypnotisin has any place in Grim
inal Jurisprudence Us a defense for
crime.
Mr.. Bell pointed ont that it appeared
the majority Of .nr.ical men in this
country did no; TX .ornize hypnotic
trance as an existing fact The law
ycrs and i1d. -, we're on the same
ground rs the do,.ors In the coun
tries Of Europe re contrary was the
fact, and men Of The highest character
and professional atttinlaents devoted
their best effort, , t.; study and eluci-
dalton. As it was with the professional
men SO it vas 1'illl the people.
Prof Carl Sextus. o! Chicago, wrote
to say that a natural criminal could be
made to do criminal acts under hypnotic
influence, but not d person of real
moral worth.
Dr. William Lee Howard, of Balti-
more, said that hyp4otisln was reality.
He gave several instances Of hypnotized
persons in Baltimore, including his own
servant, whom he sent to neigboring
physician, Dr.. Britton, to steal every
thing the doctor had. He restored the
follow while he had the articles still in
his possession. The doctor confessed it
affected the mans brain somewhat, but
lc always t0OlN care, 6ACcpC LII GIllS DC
casion, to get the subject back into a
good mental state before he completely
restored him. The doctor also hypno-
tized bank cashier and made him
steal s45,eOC. He performed an opera
ton in Johns Hopkins university with
the patient under hypnotic influence
Hypnotism was invaluable as cor
rector of morals.
DR.. Grover, of Massachusetts, told of
young woman in Boston who had a
tendency to tn berculosis being cured
by hypnotic influence
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
QUEER ANSWERS.
Replies Made to Examination Questions
in Boston School.

Replies Made to Examination UuoSIAonS
in a Boston School.
Since wit has been defined by Noah
Webster as the delicious association
of objects not usually connected, so as
to produce a pleasant surprise" may
not the pupils of some of our public
schools, who gave the following an
swers to their examination questions,
lay claim to it? The record as here
given is bona fide, having been read
during the last week at the graduation
exercise of one of the leading gram
mar schools of this city:
1. Who were the Pilgrims? A dirty,
filthy set who lived under the ground.
2. Name domestic animal useful for
clothing and describe it's habits. The
OK He don't have any habits, because
he lives in stable.
8. If you were travelling across the
desert, where would you choose to rest?
I would rest on a stool.
4. Mention five races of men. Men,
women, children and babies.
8. Describe the white race and show
that it is superior to the other races
A white man will nod at you when he
meets you on the street.
6. Of what is the surface of the earth
composed? Dirt and people.
z. Name fruit that has its seeds on
the outside? A seedcalse.
8. Name five forms of water. Hot
water, cold water, faucet water, well
water, and ice water.
9. Name and locate the five senses.
The eyes are in the northern part of
the face and the mouth in the south
ern.
10. Who were the mound builders2
History cannot answer these questions.
Science only can.
II. Define finch. and use it in q sem
tence Finch, to shrink. Flannel
finches when it is washed.
10. By what is the earth surrounded,
and by what is it 1ig3tedP It is sur
rounded by water asa lighted by gas
and electricity.
IL. Name six animals of the Arctic
zone. Three polar bears and three
seals.
IA. What is yeast2 Yeast is a vege-
table flying about In the air, hitching
itself on to anything.
10. Why do you open the hampers in
q stove when lighting a fire? To let
the oxygen in and the nitrogen out
16 What did the constitution do for
the country? 1t gave the president a
head.
II. What are the last teeth that como
to q man? False Goeth-Boston
Budget
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
GOOD ROADS EDUCATION.

Slowly But Surely Light Is Breaking In
City and Country.
After all that has been written and
said concerning the material required
for the construction of good roads, the
thing that is really most needed is a
good and widely diffused quality of
brains.
Clay, sand, gravel, asphaltand granite
do not make good roads until mixed
with a proper amount of gray brain
matter. It is this last-named ingredi-
ent that the country most sadly lacks.
There are many signs of better things
in the making of roads. The whole
people are just now going to school for
the purpose of learning how to make
good road. Most of them are yet in the
primary grades, but there is likely to
be time for graduating by and by
when road makers have learned all
about materials and grades and drain
age and other important branches of
the subject of good roads.
When the people really get to think
ing on this matter they will promptly
do away with those splendidly designed
machines for destroying roads, namely.
heavily-loaded, narrow-tired vehicles.
This is only one of many instances in
which brain matter will enter into the
building and keeping of good roads.
Secretary Morton has called good
roads convention to meet at Atlanta
while the exposition is in progress.
This should prove a good step in the
campaign of education. Many of the
county fairs are this year holding q
s'good roads, day, which proves that
the farmers7re taking up this question,
which is of more vital interest to them
than totany other class.
All in all the friends of good roads
which means the whole people-have
every reason to confidently expect
marked improvement in the character
of the public highways.-Good Roads.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28

having been called to the egg capabili-
ties of this breed, they have taken it
up and if it possess anything like the
merit claimed we may soon see it enter
ing into competition with the Leghorn
variety.
So far the Anconas are practically I'M
known in this country. but we will
doubtless have them In time. They are
described as notified throughout in
plumage and of a neat and attractive
appearance. They resemble the Min
orcas in many respects, but are gener-
ally rather smaller. They are great
layers and non-sitters. The eggs are
white shelled and of good quality. They
are of rather small size when from pull
cts, but this defect is corrected the next
season. The breed is generally con-
sidered to result from the crossing of
black and white Minorcas, but many be-
lieve that they are closely related to the
Leghorns instead. This theory would
seem to find confirmation in the habits
of the birds, which possess the activity
and foraging qualities of the Leghorns.
They also mature early and are small
eaters, turning their food into eggs
rater than into flesh. Of course, they
do not amount to much as table FOWLS
N. Y. World.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
DRIVING AWAY FLIES.
Oil of Lavender Is Far More Serviceable
Than Screens.

Oil of Lavender IL Far More Serviceable
Than Screens.
81 never use window screens" said a
wise housekeeper the other day, 'be-
cause have fancy that they shat out
all the air in hot weather, and BESIDES
they serve to keep the flies in the house
equally as well as to keep them out"
''But never see a fly in your house, >
said her friend. How do you manage
it? For my part, must confess that,
screens or no screens, my summer
means one long battle with the little
pests"
My remedy is very simple one, ;"
said the good housekeeper, land |
learned it years ago from my grand
mother, when used to watch her put
ting punches of lavender flowers around
to keep the flies away. My method is
simpler. | buy five cents worth of Oil
of lavender at the drugstore and mix it
with the Same quantity of water. Then
l put it in a common glass atomizer
and spray it around the rooms wherever
flies are apt to congregate, especially in
the dining room, where l sprinkle it
plentifully over the table linen. 1.-THE
odor is especially disagreeable to flies,
and they will never venture in its
neighborhood, though to most people it
has a peculiarly fresh and grateful
smell"
81 shall certainly give it a trial." said
the other woman -Philadelphia Press.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
FOR WARM COUNTRIES.

House for Keeping Ice in Texas and Other
Southern Localities.
can think of better method for keep
ing ice in Texas than that generally
used in parts of Kentucky, Tennessee,
Virginia and other warmer states. A
circular hole IL, is or 20 feet according
to the capacity wanted) in diameter,
like a very large well, is excavated in a
high, dry piece of ground, to the depth
of to 10 feet, and where it can be
drained at the bottom into pervious
strata of sand or gravel below, or by
sewer, pump or siphon pipe to lower
ground. When the excavation is COM
pleted, strong, double-walied wooden
framework is put in, the outer boards
resting against the earth and prevent
ing caving in; the inner boards are
nailed on the inside of the frame, so as
to leave an air space of, say, or 6
inches all around. This framework tx
extended several feet above the COM
mon surface of the ground, then drawn
in conically all around, and rooted over
with conically roof. Double doors are
made in one side of the conical roof;
through these the house is filled
When filed, they are closed tightly,
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
AMONG THE POULTRY.

POULTRY like apples and they arc
good for them.
THE house and fence about poultry
yard should be substantial, if not orna-
mental. Build both to stay.
ALMOST anybody can devote por-
ton of their time to the poultry busl-
ness. The farmer should do 1t by all
means.
ONE trouble experienced by begin
ners with incubators is that they have
never given their poultry any attention
and they practice this sort of negli-
gence with the incubator.
MosT people who sell eggs as bust
ness, for setting, try to have them good.
They must do that if they expect to con-
tinue in business. AS rule, therefore,
when eggs fail to hatch, we should care
fully investigate the conditions before
flaming the man from whom we pur-
"a them.-Farmers' Voice.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
WHY THE SILO PAYS.

Ten Reasons Which Should Appeal to tho
Good Sense of Readers.
Until every farmer has silo, 1t is in
order to preach the silo, so we beg those
who have silos to bear with us if we
seem to repeat self-evident truths. Re-
member what an awful lot of preaching
it takes to save a few sinners, and have
patience; or do better, help us spread
the truth.
1. The silo stores away corn more
safely and more permanently than any
other plan. Silage is practically fire.
proof, and will keep in the silo indefi-
nitely.
2. Corn can be made into silage at less
expense than it can be preserved in any
other form.
8. The silo preserves absolutely all
but the roots of the corn.
4. Silage can be made in the SUM-
shine or in rain. Unlike hay, it is in
dependent of the weather.
s. When corn is ready for the silo.
there is but little farm work pressing.
6. Corn is worth more to the dairy as
silage than in any other way.
z. At least one-third more corn per
acre may be fed on silage than on dried
corn, stalks or fodder.
8. Corn is fed more conveniently as
silage than in any other form.
g. Silage is of most value when fed
in combination with other food richer
in protein. 1t is not a complete food.
10. Owing to its succulence and
bullziness, silage is the best known sub
stitute for green grass, and is therefore
especially valuable as a winter food
Jersey Bulletin.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
s4,pPlNo POULTRY.


v.v,e sxsnd Of CoOps Needed 20 AnsuF~ S@
isfactOry Results
Country shippers ought to pay moro
.+tention to the condition of their c0oPs
before using. Considerable Stock -
lost by shipping in worn-out cooPs'
which come apart in transit ii roughly
handled. as sometimes happens. Every
COOP should be carefully examined ana
all bottoms and cleats securely nal!eo'
The coops should be strong, but hgnt'
heavy wood is unnecessary if long nails
are used. They should not be so largo
as to render handling difficult
The GOODS should be high enough to
allow the poultry to stand easily up
RIGHT. and should not be overcrowded.
Too close packing and too low cooPS
are cruel and cause loss by suffocat1on.
Hens and ROSTERS should be shipped
separately whenever possible. All
poultry for the New York market should
be well fattened, and should he fed
lightly before being placed in the COOP
if it reach it's destination the day after
shipping, as the New York law requires
that the crop be entirely empty before
killing. From more distant points pro-
vision must be made for feeding and
watering in transit. AT the beginning
of their journey they should be fed
lightly, as overlooking at such time
makes the birds sick and dumpish and
unfit for the fatigues of travel. After
the first day or two, when the poultry
have become accustomed to their new
quarters, the supply of food should
- ;ooraoea5 All +baca tbinCrs SbOuld
be considered and every care exercised
to have the birds arrive in the best pos
sible condition, so that they may sell
readily at the highest prices. 1t is
only good stock that really pays. The
shipper who does not get the best
market price for his stock should con-
slider seriously where the fault really
Ees.-N. Y World.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
LABRADOR LuxuRIes.
The Luscious Berries of the Far North
ern Land.


ern Land.
In spite of latitude and arctic cur
rent, Labrador is the home of much
that is delicious in the berry world.
Even the outlying islands furnish the
curlewberry and bakeapple IN pro-
fusion; and upon the mainland, in the
proper month, September, a veritable
feast awaits one. Three varieties of
blueberries, huckleberries, wild red
currants, having a pungent aromatic
flavor unequaled by the cultivated va
rieties; marshberries, raspberries, tiny
white capillaire teaberries, with flavor
like some rare perfume and having just
a faint suggestion of wintergreen,
squash berries, pearberries, and curlew-
berries, the latter not so grateful as the
others, but a prime favorite with the
Esquimaux; and, lastly, the typical
Labrador fruit, which, excepting few
scattering plants in Canada and New
foundland, is found, 1 believe, nowhere
outside of the peninsula-the gorgeous
6alzeapple.
These cover the entire coast from the
st. Lawrence to Ungava. Their beau
tiful geranium-like leaves struggle
with the reindeer moss upon the islands,
carpet alike the low valleys and the
highest hilltops, and even peep from
banks of everlasting snow. Only one
berry grows upon each plant, but this
one makes most delicious mouthful.
1t is the size and form of a large dew
berry, but the color is bright Grim
son when half ripe and golden yellow
at maturity. Its taste is sweetly acid,
1t is exceedingly juicy, and so delicate
that it might be thought impossible to
preserve it. Yet the natives do pre-
serve it with all the freshness and
original flavor throughout the entire
winter, merely by covering it with
fresh water and heading it up tightly
in casks or barrels.-Outiug.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
A WARM COUNTRY 1cEnoUsE.

and when ice is wanted they are
opened, one outward, the other in
ward. Often a stairway leads from
outside down under the bottom of the
icehouse, where milk, butter, etc., are
kept. When the framework and board
ed-up sides of the house are completed,
the earth excavated is graded up around
the house, so that the water from the
roof falls well out upon the earth, and
runs away outside. The mound is
sodded, and when such a house and
mound are well constructed, they are
On ornamental object in the back yard.
Ice slowed in such a house keeps we'll;
a ladder is used to enter when the ice
gets too low to step in upon it.
Such a house will last many years.
With greater expense in using woods
that will not readily decay, such as
cypress, the house is good for lifetime.
A sketch is shown in the cut. All doors
must fit tightly by being rubber or cloth
lined. If dry sawdust or powdered
charcoal can be obtained with which
TO fill the air space in the wall and roof,
so much the better. However, If the
walls of the house are made tight, so
mat the air between has no circulation.
they are good non-conductor. Shade
trees growing on the south side of the
icehouse assist it. Such house is
somewhat expensive at first, but in the
long run will be found cheap. 1t ought
to work well in the dry, well-drained
soils of the Panhandle of Texas. The
ice should be cut in blocks, and stacked
in solid, like bricks, to be pried apart as
wanted.-T. v. Munson, in Rural New
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
ROCK LITTER FOR CLEARING FIELDS.


beam, IN inches apart at top of beam
and 2% inches at prongs. Underneath
the beam and on top is steel plate in
closing the two iron prongs to retain
them in place and give strength to the
whole tool. In use it is hitched up to
an axletree of common cart wheels.
The driver straddles the rock while
the man who operates the tool with
the handles jabs the prongs into the
soil behind the rock This is very
quickly done When ready for the
pull the short beam has a decidedly
upward slant and the pull has an OBJ
lque movement causing an upward
thrust on the rock. For small rocks
the delay in pulling is but brief mo-
ment and often for the large ones but
a short time. Rocks are pulled out
large enough to give two yoke of oxen
\ fair pull on drag to draw them
away. To one having sunken or half
sunken powders there,is no tool on the
farm which for it's cost saves as much
labor. / have cleared the past fall a
40 acre field of several hundred rocks
In rare exceptions for easy pulling
surface rocks as high as 40 have been
pulled in an hour.-.-J. II. Sanborn, In
Farm and Home.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28

It has been claimed that cholera In.
fantum is unknown where the knitted
band is used
The construction is quite simple. An
idea of the shape may be formed from
the accompanying drawing The tabs,
back and front, are pinned to the cloth
ing with safety pins, and the band is
kept in place. Cast on sixty stitches
and knit strip in ribbed stitch, join
ing the ends, when the strip is large
enough, and knitting the tabs on after
ward. The first bands are quite small,
but larger ones can be made as the
child increases in size. They can and
have been worn up to two years of age.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
N I'm I'm Yin YIN Yin YIN YIN

strip of stiff paper three inches wide
by seven long, also covered with India
silk. For the outside, nine strips of the
crepe paper are cut 16 inches long and
three-quarters of an inch wide, and 10
strips the same width and 81 inches
long. The strips are laced evenly to-
gether, as seen in the illustration, till
all but four of the cross-pieces on both
ends are used, and these pieces are in
terlaced with brass rings. 1t is simple
in the extreme, but the effect is beauti-
full As this part is open worl, the
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
sachets for slumber Rob...

One OF the prettiest fads of elegantea
Is the long nightgown sachet, which.
holding the gown in present use. lies
across the foot OF the bed during the
day. 1t Is as long as the bed is wide.
ana Is about foot and a half acroas'
It Is made of handsome brocade. a.
cretonne, Of embroidered linen, what
ever material best suits the room. i
wadded, sacheted, lined with ouilted
silk and tied with ribbons. In All.
sweet nest the nightgown lies folded
once near the bottom. 1880.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
To Clean Copper and Brass.

Copper tea kettles and other house
hold articles having polished surfaces
should not be allowed to get rusty, as
rust will destroy the metal. If the sur
face be rubbed but little every day,
the labor of keeping them bright win
be very light. In case rust is formed
on the surface, apply solution of oxalic
acid, which, well rubbed over furnished
copper or brass, will soon remove the
tarnish, rendering the metal bright.
The acid must be washed off with wa.
ter, and the surface rubbed with
whiting and soft leather. A mixture
of muriatic acid and alum dissolved In
water imparts golden color to brass
articles that are stepped in 1t a few
seconds. To give it finer polish. go
over the surface of the metal with rot
tenstone and sweet oil, then rub off
with a piece of cotton or flannel. and
polish with leather
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
Hens as Weed Destroyers.

II hen and chicks are placed In a
yard or confined on a small plot, every
blade of grass, as we'll as every weed,
will be destroyed, and in few days
the plot will be as clean as If burned
over. When hens are confined in yards,
the yards are clean and bare of vegeta~
ton. When the hens are on a range,
they also destroy thousands of young
weeds, which is not so noticeable, but
which Is nevertheless the case.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1896-08-28
AN UNPRoFITABLE CARGO.

How the Sugar Trust Brought Its Owners
to Terms.
Because the sugar trust refused to
purchase, excepting at its own terms, a
cargo of sugar shipped to this country
on the British steamship Falkland,
from Java, she has been compelled to
remain at anchor off the Delaware
breakwater since September l. The
sale was finally consummated at sac
rifice, however. Demurrage for the
vessels delay was counted up at the
rate of three hundred dollars per day
against the owners of the cargo and
the Falkland was ordered to proceed to
Philadelphia, and reached the Franklin
sugar refinery wharves the other day.
Her cargo was then purchased by the
trust at rate considerably less than
was offered on the day that she first
arrived at the capes for orders. The
cargo is large one, consisting of
twelve thousand four hundred and
eighty-three bags of last seasons crop.
It was loaded at Tagal, Sourabaya and
other points in the Dutch East Indies