davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
CONGRESSMAN BARRETT AGAIN.

Representative Barrett, of Massachu
sets, fearing that his existence may be
overlooked by the country has come
Forward with bill which he introduced
In the House few days since directing
the President hereafter to appoint his
cabinet from the members Of the SEN
ate and House. Barrett belongs TO a
class of public men who believes in
making nolse-it doesn't matter what
Il is about SO they make noise and
attract attention. or course nobody be-
iieves that the bill is going to be passed
by Congress, and /; is doubtful if Mr..
Barrett thinks so himself, but then If II
should lightning might strike in Bar
reits way, and this may be the secret OF
Its being introduced. Representative
Barrett is the same gentleman, who du-
ing the last session so bitterly attacked
South Cardinals position in 1.-The late
unpleasantness," and who was SO badly
used up In consequence.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
PERSONALS.

Messrs. Moody and Sankey are TO be
Sin a series OF revival services in Gin
clnnati on March 5th.
The Queen of Greece is an accom-
plishcd yachtswoman. holds masters
certificate, and is an honorary admiral
in the Russian navy.
General ELI H. Murray, who died in
San Deigo, Cal. recently, though
Sontherner by birth. was the youngest
general officer in the Union army.
Conductor Dugan, OF the Illinois Cen
trial railroad, who made Governor Brad
ley, of Kentucky, take his feet off the
car seat in front of him, and was dis
charged for his boldness, has been re-
instated.
Baroness Hrsch has given $400. 900 to
establish Il pension fund for the en-
ployes OF the Oriental railways who
were in the service mp 10 1890. wien her
late husband gave up his connection
with the roads.
Baron 1<aubars, Russian astrono-
mer, was led by his observations of the
last solar eclipse to PROFOUND the theory
that there ale in the sun vast accumu-
lations OF electricity which influence
comets ana mcteors.
1t is figured out that Richard Cookers
experiences on the turf have already
cost him in the neichborhood of $500 600
His English experiment is set down as
costing him S2S0.O00. All this was the re-
suit of the advice of physician 10 try
outdoor life as n relief from insomnia
and other ills that were annoying him.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

many more miles carrying the same
quartz that contain sulphurales and
by assay show $40 to SIS per ton With
In seventy-flve feet OF :he surface.
There are also large bodies OF low
grade ores In dsinteerated or de-
composed veins that are ten 10 foEty
feet wide and show by assay 81 TO
81 per ton within Il few feet Of the
surface"
The correspondent predicts n great de-
velopmen. OF the gold region of the
South, says our contemporary, and re-
fers 10 the fac. that in the Rand dis
trict of South Africa, which IS considered
thc most profitable gold mining region
In the world, there are only low grade
ores, which can be worked only by the
chlorination process and which often
yields not more than So a ton.
The New York Engineering News, in
referring to the letter I'm the F!nancier,
says that the South African gold depos-
Its are uniformly distributed through
great masses OF collaborating rock. and
asks: Does ';his condition also exist in
the gold mines and gold prospects for
the SOUTH ana goes on to say that
it's information Is 10 The contrary.
The journal asserts that there is In
Georgia and Alabama a belt In which
there is every indication OF uniformly
distributed gold and in some localities
it Is being taken out it great profit The
gold region OF the South /; adds. Is now
receiving from experts the attention
which will in all probability soon result
In large Investments ana great increase
of mining operations IN that quarter.
This is all gratifying, but while we are
discussing the matter 1t is we'll TO add
that there is scarcely q State in the
Southland which has no, some of the
precious metal hidden away in mother
earth, and only needs developing 10 give
a rich yield for the time and experience
in developing 1t, and Virginia has her
share.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
GOLD IN THE SOUTH.

The Atlanta Journal notes with son,o
degree OF pride what correspondent,
OF the New York Financier has 10 saw
about unmined gold in the South, and
In doing so copies the following:
In Georgia and Alabama there
are miles and miles of veins CARRYING
free gold from 50 to $40 per ton with,
IN forty feet OF the surface, and As
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

Exports of wheat from the United
States for the week ending December
9th dlour included as wheaO, amount to
S,65S,l6o bushels, rs compared with
3,75So00 bushels the previous week.
S,l66'oO0 bushels in the fist week of De-
cember 1895, 5,Oli.00O bushels in the
week two years ago. 2,55S, 900 bushels in
the week three years ago, and as
compared with 4,404 900 bushels in the
CORES pondlng week of 1892.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

The Statc OF Washington is organic
ing colonies of marriageahle men to go
10 ST. Johns Island, in the Pacific.
where there are lots of women. but few
OIL the sferner sex. and in noting the
same the Philadelphia Times recalls
the fact that Washington was the faith
er of his Country.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

Don forge; the surplus" Since when
were thoy :hus guilty?
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

ASc9naae "a Colonel Wa,ieIson. what
1'is country wam;s IS ''rea, statesmen
-, are AZ :l'e kentuckau's dead"
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

Fo7eign aobleyDen age complaining
mat the American hei:eSs maskc; and
tie t!;le bargain business aye NOT what
;hey used 10 be
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
EIGHT PAGES.

The California Board % Health finds
;h&t f San Jose The average duration
o. irs Is ABOUT fo-ty-;hree years.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

The Philadelphia Record Says II Queen
LII be prudent. she VIII 10 10 Washing
ton via Canton. WIll!am's lsttle finger
from this time forth is of more account
than Growers whole fist
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
5 | $50.


MEMS SUITS OF HIGH CRANE r,p
RIGS. MADE WITH HiGU 81 ass
TItIMMiNGS IN THE BEST pOSSII}It,
MANNER; WARRANTED IN EVERY
SoLCTE SATISFACTION AND FAE
SCIERiOR ~ EVERY RESPECT no
THE AVERAGE: CLASS OF READY
MADE GARMENTS UI'NDRiSDS oi,
PARTICULAR DRESSERS THAT
imAiNM. il!TiiEETO NEVER KNOWN
WHAT y h,T r MMs ... 70 WEAK READY.
THIS STATEMENT WHEN WE
CLAIM THAT IT IS ABSOLUTELY I'M
ICSSihlE 70 SECURE READY-TO-
TER. At ANY COST KEEP THE
FACT WE'LL ~ MIND THAT NOTii-
LESS THE FIT is ACCGRATE AND
THE TAILOR SHOP ~ THE ANNEX
~ HUIi.DING s AT YOUR SERVICE
or CilANGES WITHOUT 4 Jenny
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
$500.

MEMS OVERCoATS. MADE FROM
VERY FINE IMPORTED BEAVERS.
FINE SATIN BODY AND SLEEVE
OFF Mo F1Sis 70 nS ASy E2 fs ~ P0fMT
COATS THAT ARE PRODUCED
READY TO WEAR. THESE ARE
SWELL OVERCOATS THAT ARE CUT
IN PRICE FAR BELOW THEIR REGu-
LAR NALuE, AND NO MAN THAT is
INTERESTED IN THE EGONOMIC
COAT AT y MONEY SAVING PRICE
CAN AFFORD TO MAKE y PUE-
CHASE UNTIL HE HAS THOROUGH
I.Y INVESTIGATED THE SPECIAL.
VALUES NOW REING QUOTED FROM
THE OVERCOhT DEPARTMENT. IN
SUPERIOR, HIGH CLASS, TAILOR
MADE OYERCONTS--
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

The Springfield (Masso Republican
asserts that & is believed in Washington
that men who held Federal office under
Presidents; harrison need no; apply with
hope of success to the Mckinley Admin
istra ton.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

European sorerrnen.s, shocked by
The killing 8: Maceo, urge Spain to
adopt l. course which viii avert United
states intervention
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

Russia. France. ana England have
agreed TO send their fleets to the Golden
Horn. They mus. have forgotten that
the Bancroft is there already.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
100.

MEMS SUITS OF FANCY PLAID
ChENIOTS, MADE IN THE HEIGHT
OF STYLE AND JUST SUCH SUITS
THAT MEAN "a CLEAR SAVING or
NOT LESS THAN A.V FROM THE
GENERAL SCALE OF PRICES
ENElsl WHERE, AND EVEN AT THAT
TIE SUITS ARE NEITHER MADE OR
FINISHED NOR FIT ANYTHING LIKE
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
$780,.

MEMS SUITS OF STANDARD TRI-
COTS, DIAGONALS. SOFT CHEVIOTS
AND MIXTURES, IN SINGLE AND
DOUBLE BREASTED SACKS in
nI.A!N DESIGNS FOR MEN OF SET
TIED IDEAS, AND FANCY EFFECTS
FOR YOUNGER MEN THAT PREFER
TO FOI.LOW TIE FASHION. THESE
ARE SUITS THAT NO MAN NEED
IiESiTATE TO WEAR AND ARE WAR
RANTED TO FIT EQUALLY AS ACCU-
RATE AS MEASURE MADE SUITS AT
MORE THAN DOUBLE THIS BAR
GAIN PRICE,
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
s | 600.

MEMS SUITS OF FANCY CAssI-
MADE IN THE HEIGHT OF FASHION
IN NOBBY DOUBLE BREASTED
SACKS. WITH PATCH POCKETS, AND
STATIONERY OR MOVABLE FLAPS
WITH VESTS FINISHED WITH POCK.
EIS TO MATCH AND FLY FRONTS
THE VERY COUNTERPART or THIS
MOST APPROVED IDEAS ON THE
NEW PLATES IN FACT. JUST
SUCH SUITS THAT NO OTHER DEAL
Frs SLOW AT ANY PRICE. AND Arr.
MORE THAN HALE LESS THAN
THEY COULD BE PRODUCED N
LIKE MANNER UNDER SPECIAL
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
$780,.

MEMS ovERcoATs IN FULL BOX
AND HALF BOX RACKS, REGULAR
AND EXTRA LENGTHS. WITH EXTRA
DEEP VELVET COLLARS. MADE
FROM STANDARD OVERCOATlNGS
THAT EARLIER IN THE SEASON
MOULD COMMAND NOT LESS THAN
TWENTY DOLLARS. THESE ARE
STiICrLS Al GARMENTS IN EVERY
SENSE OF THE TERN. TRIMMED
WITH FIRST-CLASS BODY INNINGS
AND HEAVY SATIN SLEEVE LIN
lNGS, AND THERE ARE POSITIVELY
NO ONERCOATS ON THE MARKET
THAT CAN EXCEL IN FIT AND GEN
ERAL APPEARAN AND FEW CAN
EQUAL
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

MEMS SUITS OF ETNRA HEAVY
ALL. WOOL. CHEVIOTS IN PLAIN AND
~ THE REST POSSIBLE MANNER.
AS FAR AS WARkMANSIIP is con-
GERNED. EVERY ONE BEARING
THE UNITED GARMENT WORKERS
OF AMERICA. TIP TOP SUIT FOR
WEAR AND A BANG UP OUTFIT FOR
NEATNESS AND TIpINESS
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
s | 0.0O.

MEMS OVERCoATS IN CHOICE
FARhICs. MADE WITH MORE ELAB-
0!SATE TRIMMINGS FROM WE'LL
WEARING, STYLISH. UP-TO-DATE
MATERIALS. THIS LINE EMBODIES
MEDIUM AND HEAVY WEIGHT
DUCED FROM THE REGULAR SIX
TEEN FIFTY AND EIGHTEEN DOL
LAR GRADES, AND POSITIVELY
REPRESENT ALI. OF THE MONEY
VALUE FROM EVERY POINT OF
CONSlDERATION THAT 1T IS EVER
POSSIBLE TO OBTAIN FOR THE SPE-
ClAL PRICE NOW NAMED FOR SUCH
SUPERIOR OVERCOATS-
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
ChIIdren's Suits.
1888

Combination Suits for boys up
10 age rs, made in Natty Refer
Jackets with deep embroider-
ed collars up to age 8, and
Plain Double Breasted Jackets
from 8 to 16. The Outfit con-
sists OF Double Breasted Jacket,
two pairs Of Pants, Double Seat
and Knee and Golf Cap, all TO
match. made from Nobby Plaid
Cheviot, only Three Thirty
Three.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
Mems 0verCOats,

HEAVY NAVY BLUE BEAVERS WIFI
nEEP VELVET COLLARS, SURSTAN-
TiALLf MADE AND TRIMMED; ME-
pltM LENGTHS. STYLISH NEAT
LOOKING. DRESSY OVERCOATS
THAT WILL RENDER GOOD SER
VICE AND BEYOND QUESTION ARE
BANG UP oVERCOATS FOR THE
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
$500.

MEMS OvERCOATs IN KERsEYs.
MELTONS, COVERTS AND BEAVERS,
JADE FROM RELIABLE FABRICS
IN BOTH LIGHT AND DARK -EF
FECTS. MEDIUM AND EXTRA LONG,
As WE'LL AS SHORT BOX SACKS
THERE is NOT y GARMENT IN THE
ENTIRE TEN DOLLAR LINE BUT
WHAT IS AN EXTRAORDINARY
BARGAIN VALUE. POSITIVELY NOT
a STYLE ON THE NEW FASHION
PLATE NOT REPRESENTED IN THIS
VAST AGGREGATION OF TEN DOL
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

Ge m Boys Knee Pants Suits OF all
o.. UU wool Cheviot well made and
double seat and knee and ali Of the best
improvements. Neat patterns and In
every sense extremely durable and sight
lars.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
$780,.

MEMS ovERCoATs. MADE FROM
HH;l i:a,Tyf DARk NAVY BLUE TRICOT,
WITH WORSTED TRIMMINGS A
FASHIONABLE, SLIGHTLY, DRESSY
MND SEkNlCEABLE OVERCOAT
pEARANCE OF THE AVERAGE
0EERCoAT THAT USUALLY SELLS
F0R MORE THAN TWENTY FIVE
PRICE THAT is NOW CHARGED
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

MEMS SUITS. MADE OF SERVICE
ABLE cllENlOTS IN STAPLE, GOOD
EABltlCS; WARRANTED FOR SOLID
LUTELY SnAPELE, SEASONAPf.E,
AND STYLISH AND ENTRAORpI-
NARY CREATIONS OF CHEAPNESS.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19
200.

MEMS STORM ULSTERS OF EXTRA
nH ;I;;., NgTRIA CHlNCHILLA. Made
MT NTH NY, M!DE; COLLARS AND STORM
lOGkETS, FULL FlFTY-FOCRt IN
CHES LONG. a REGULAR STORM
DEFIER AND y GREAT PROTECTION
ri, ~ THE MAN WHO is EXPOSED TO
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1896-12-19

e 90 Boys Knee Pants Suits OF
d II neat Brownish Heavy Winter
Suiting, made in nicely braid
60 EGeIers from age i to s, and Plain
rn eue breasted Sacks 10 age e; Big
bargain Values for one Twcnty-Three
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29

into battle. He had an army Of 100. 900
men in one Of the battles in which he
fought the Egyptians, and a large
number of these were cavalry. The
Abyssinians are now armed with good
rifles, but the weapons which they
used at this time were largely spears,
swords and clubs. They have a sword
much like scimeter Their spears
are long and tipped with steel. Their
shields are made of a sort of q buffalo
hide, which is stretched when green
about rim Of iron. These shields are
very strong, and it is said that a bull
let from Remington rifle will not
penetrate them at distance Of $50
yards. The Abyssinians are very fine
horsemen, and their cavalry move
rapidly. Their horses are Of q mixed
Arabian breed and have great powers
of endurance. The warriors use very
small stirrups, and about all Of the
foot that they put into the stirrup is
the big toe. They are accustomed to
the use Of horses from their hunting
They attack rhinoceroses and ele-
pants on horseback, and among the
game which they endeavor to kill is
the Abyssinian lion, which Is found in
many parts Of the country
ABYSSINIAN CRUELTY.
A great deal of stuff has been pub
lished during the past weeks about
Abyssinian civilization. The truth Is
that the Abyssinians are almost as
barbarous and fully as brutal as any
people of Africa. They are more in
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29

with q message for Gen. Loring. His
mule baked, and he had to get off
and make the trip on foot. He was
pursued by an Abysslnian, who threw
his spear through the doctors leg,
and thus captured him. The Abyssin-
ians at once stripped him to the skin.
They tied his arms behind him and
made him walk for days thus, naked,
with almost nothing to eat and drink,
under a burning sun. The Abyssin-
ians rode on horseback, but Maj.
Johnson was dragged along on foot.
When he fell behind they jabbed their
spears into him to make him keep up.
He did the best he could, for in all
directions he saw his trends forced by
spears to flee for their lives and then
shot down as they ran. AT night he
had to sleep among the mountains
with no covering, and he almost per-
ished from the cold. At one time he
was seized by three bloodthirsty Abys-
sinians and taken off into the mount
aims. His guards sharpened their
swords at every large rock by which
they passed, and gave him to under
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29

copyrighted, 1896, by Frank G.. Carpenter }
WASHINGTON, March 26.-The En-
glish are now preparing an expedition
against the natives of the Soudan, and
the fighting with the armies of the
Mahdi will be carried on in all parts
OF Nubia. 1t may go as far as the
borders of Abyssinia. If the Abyssin-
ians should join with the Mahdi great
African war would be the result Few
people know anything about the Abys-
sinians. They are among the bravest
soldiers of the world. They are the
most cruel and the most bloodthirsty.
The details of the massacre of IL 900
Italians have not been given to the
public. They are probably too hor-
rfble to publish, and if they are SIM
liar to the cruelties committed during
the Egyptian expedition against Abys-
sinia in 1875 they would not be fit for
family reading. During this expedition
the Abyssinians wiped out and al
most utterly destroyed two Egyptian
armies. These armies had the best
of guns. They carried Krupp cannon
and repeating rifles. They were off,
cered by experienced American and
European generals. Still the Abys-
sinians beat them at every point, and
finally drove them from the country.
GEN. W. NICE. DYE.
have learned much about this won-
derful campaign through Gen.
William NICE. Dye, who is now the
chief military adviser of the King of
Corea- He was one of the officers in
command of the army Of the Khedive
Ismail Pasha under Gen. c. P. Stone.
He took part in the Abyssinian war and
was wounded during one of the fights.
In the retreat one of Dyes subordi-
nate officers mutinied. Gen. Dye could
not walk on account Of his wounds, but
he snatched his revolver and ran on
his knees eight or ten yards into the
midst of his troops and threatened to
shoot the officer II he would not sub
nit After the close of the war Gen.
Dye came to Washington to be chief of
police here. I met him at this time and
/ had a long talk with him during my
first visit to Corea, shortly after he ar
rived there at the head of the Amer
lean officers who were to reorganize the
armies of the king. I visited him again
in 1894 during my stay in Corea, and
when l last saw him he had just been
put down the rebellion which brought
about the great Chinese-Japanese war
Gen. Dyes whole life has been a story
of adventure. From the day when he
graduated at West Point until now
his almost every year has been filled
with war and fighting, but he considers
the time spent in Abyssinia the most
thrilling part Of it, He is, however
as modest as a girl. 1 have a. book
of his, in which some years ago he pub
lished his experiences among the Alb
yssinians, but the full details of his
own bravery in that war are here left
out He gives however. the latest and
best news of the Abyssinians, and per-
haps the only estimate Of them as a
fighting people.
ABYSSINIANS AS FIGHTERS.
Gen. Dye says that the Abyssinians
can raise an army Of 100000 men in a
short time. He was told by one Of
the generals that the king could with
In a few days bring 10000 cavalry
and from $4,000 to 100000 good infantry
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29
ARYssIN.

ABYSSINIANS AS FIGHTERS.
Gen. Dye says that the Abyssinians
can raise an army of 100000 men in a
short time. He was told by one Of
the generals that the king could with
In few days bring 10000 cavalry
and from $4,000 to 100000 good infantry
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29

stand that they intended to kill him.
They had made all preparations for
his murder when a horseman was
seen coming afar off. 1t was a courier
from the king, who ordered the men
to bring back the captive. Maj John
son was then kept in the camp and
watched over by Abyssinian boys,
who threatened him with knives. and
tortured him in other ways. The boys
troubled him so that at last he could
stand it no longer, and concluded to
thrash them if he had to die for it.
He gave one of them a good licking.
His action caught the attention of
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29
THEY EAT RAW MEAT.

During this campaign Gen. Dye was
associated for some time with Gen.
Kirkham, who had been an English
officer connected with the Abyssinian
king. He met a number of other Alb
yssinians, and he obtained some in
teresting stories about the people and
their customs. Gen. Kirkham said that
the Abyssinians were great gluttons,
end he told how he had seen three
Abyssinians devour fifteen pounds Of
meat at one sitting. Kirkham said that
after a feast the Abyssinians often
throw themselves on their backs and
permit their fellows to walk up and
down on their abdomens. They are
very fond of raw meat, and they like
it when warm from the animal. The
beef is usually slaughtered right where
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29

it is eaten, often at the door of the
tent, and the guests at the table are
fed with delicious morsels of the smok-
ing flesh. One Of the greatest of Abys-
sinian travellers was James Bruce He
described how he saw the Abyssinians
cut steaks from living COW. His sto-
ry has been greatly doubted, but all
travellers say that the Abyssinians are
fond of raw flesh. Bruce tells how.
when travelling through the country,
he met three Abyssinians driving a.
COW. Just as he passed them they
threw the poor animal on the ground
One Of them then sat upon her neck,
St. Paul daily globe., 1896-03-29

telligent, perhaps, than some other ma
tions, but they are the personifica-
tion of cruelty and brutality. The first
great fight which the Egyptians had
with the Abyssinians was with the
army under Col. Arendrup. This was a
Danish lieutenant He had come to
Egypt and had ben given charge of
the army at Massoah, on the Red sea.
From here he marched with $500 men
against the Abyssinian capital. His
men were armed with Remington ri
fles. They had two six-gun batteries.
After few days march from the sea
they came to the mountains, and they
got within ten hours Of the kings capi-
tai before they saw any Of their foes.