The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1896-11-23

fer the current fiscal year, there VIII
have been covered back into the treas
ury since March Z. 1898; over $2,0eO,OOO
That this great economy was effected
without any loss Of efficiency, he at
tributes in a large degree to the i'm
provement in the personnel of the
fopces under the civil service rules.
One more step Secretary Morton deems
necessary to complete the system of
civil service in his department. This
is the appointment of a director in
charge of bureaus and scientific in
veStigations, who shall be designated
to serve as acting secretary in case of
the absence simultaneously of the sec
rotary and assistant secretary.
He declares that chiefs of the scien-
tific bureaus and divisions and their
assistants do the actual thinking and
reasoning for the development of ag-
ricultural science, and adds that the
persons are not adequately compen-
stated. He stated that during the past
few years no less than 90 skilled experts
in the department service have left it
TO take positions in institutions of
learning a salaries averaging fully so
per cent higher than they were getting
from the government.
The inspection of animals intended
for food is treated at length. Mr.. Nor
ton urges that the government inspec-
ton should be extended to all animals
intended for human food, whether for
consumption in the United States or
abroad, but he maintains that the cost
of this inspection should be paid by the
packers. The total consumption Of
meat in Great Britain for the year was
100000 tons. 15 per cent of which was
produced at home, the remaining %
per cent being produced abroad. OF
a in Tl1-if in
during the first half of the year of
1896, the United States supplied 70 per
cent of the cattle and 45 per cent of
the sheep. The testimony of the de-
partment representatives abroad is that
cattle from the United States arrive in
English ports in excellent condition
The Glasgow market is especially COM
mended to American shippers, as in
that city cattle from the United States
compete with the very highest quality
of British animals
American packers are not participate
ing in the profits of the growth in con-
sumption of swine flesh and hog prod
ucts in Great Britain as much as they
ought to, because they do not cure
meats to suit the British demand: on
the other hand, Danish and Canadian
packers are increasing their shipments
every year. American bacon averages
about cents Der pound below con-
3
cents below English.
The shipment of American horses to
England is steadily increasing In
1893 Great Britain took 1858 American
horses, nearly $4,000 in 1894 and "a. 900
in 1895, but during the first nine months
OF 1896 more American horses were
shipped into England than in any
previous twelve months.
The seeds distributed gratuitously by
the government during the present
fiscal year weighed go tons and occu-
pied thirty mail cars in transit The
cost OF carrying them through the
mails was over $4,000. Enough seed
was sent out gratuitously to plant rs
square miles of garden. For the cur
rent year, at present prices, the amount
required by congress TO be expended in
the purchase of seed will make each
conSTessman's quota double what il
was last year. The secretary regrets
this unnecessary and wateful expendi-
ture of public money and hopes con-
gress may in good time put stop
thereto.
Secretary Morton refutes the idea
prevailing chat the farms of The YES.
and south are more heavily burdened
with mortgages than those Of the east
and northeast States along the north
Atlantic, he says, are quite heavily
encountered with farm mortgages and
New Jersey carries a debt OF this kind
greater in proportion to its farm valu-
atoms than any state in the Union
lettering 10 the competition which
the American farmer is compelled TO
endure. Mr.. Morton calls affection to
nearly 1900, 600 farms of so acres each
given away by the government under
the homestead act of 1866 during the
past 30 years. and to the amount do
mated under the timber culture law
equivalent TO over $4,000 more farms
OF the same size. 1t was impossible.
he says, Tor farmers in the odd states to
proiItahly sell their produces in COM
petition with those Of the newer states
grown upon lands which cost their
owners nothing. Referring TO the i'm
preston that Great Britain's rates of in
terest are charged for money loaned
upon farms less than that loaned
on other kinds of real estate.
Secretary Morton states that the
mortgages or residential property
oener than farms averages S4lOv =.
per CERT Jess than the rae of
3nterest charged upon farm loans.
In i states the average rate
charged On The latter IS less than thai
GsLliah<ied Tor loans upon other resi-
defltlal property. In two states the
rates are the same upon urban ar1,5
rural real estate. In Pennsvlvaria
Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia
kentucky, Wisconsin, Kansas. Iowa
TeXas ard Alabama, the rates of in
tereSt are less for money secured bv
mortgages -han for money secured nv
other realty. In five states. including
Kansas, the difference in favor of the
farmer IS one-fourth to one-half of
per cent, and in Texas II is over l ..er
cent If western farmer navs q
nlSher interest than me eaxtern, SO
Goes the western merchant, common
carrier ana manufacturer.
During the fiscal year just ended
the export products of American farms
aggregated $4,000 O00-an increase of
Sf700O.00O over the preceding wear In
spite OF this, there was a falling off IN
the percentage OF agricultural products
exported to the total exports. but this
was due 70 the unprecedented sale
abroad of American manufactnrad |
goods. ~ -
The principal market fer American
products is found in the united kim |
dom OF Great Britain and her colonies
These English-speak;ng people bought |
% per cent Of exports from the United |
States during the fiscal year 1896 To |
gether with Germany, France. Holian5 |
and Belgium, they purchased Sl.9 De,
cent OF our entire output. leaving ISL !
per cent for the rest of the world
Secretary Morton asks if natio, |
which, ike the United States, possesses
the grea test power and facilities FOL |
producing and manufacturing thing |
which the world demands is not des |
tined to monopoEze the markets of She |