The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1896-05-06

incos Of Ancona, Macerata, Fermo and Ur-
bino and annexing them 10 tho kingdom
of Italy Still che Pope would not recede.
The dispute became hob, and the Emperor
wrested from the supreme pontih the re-
mainder of the Roman States. The Pope,
I'm Juno of 1909 hurled back his defiance
I'm bull Of ex communication On the 9th
of July, the French took possession OF the
Quirinal palace. gently seized the Holy Fa-
thor, and conveyed him prisoner, first to
Grcnoble, and finally to Fontainebleau.
The Spanish people were the humblest
of Catholics. The accession OF Joseph
Bonaparte as king was strongly opposed
by a counter revolution. The patriots who
favored the restoration of Ferdinand VII.
were headed by the Junta Of Seville, and
their party was in1amcd not little by
religious rancor on account Of the indig-
mites TO the Pope. Nearly half million
soldiers were put into the field, and In sup
port of these came into Spain English
armies under Sir John Moore, Sir David
Baird and Northumberland Arthur
Wellesley English influence had long been
predominant in Portugal, and the British
lion now sought to lay his paw on Spain.
Critics have regarded the treaty Of Ba-
yonne and the rupture with the Pope as
the beginning of Waterloo. The romancer
looking only at the dramatis person@-
might well begin his story of the over
throw of the First French Empire with
the pretty face and soft hands of Elizabeth
Patterson! But History, deeper than mar
riages and divorces, deeper than emperors
and popes sees rather the lines Of eternal
causation stretching through the dust and
turmoil, and the mere persons of the play
darting hither and yon like ephemeral
Napoleon's banner still rose and fioated,
for WHILE in the highest sky. On the
Continent none could resist him further.
He scaled all harbors until tho trade be-
tween London and Hamburg was carried
on by icdy Of Constantinople! The Ger
man princes, against all prejudices of race
and tradition, sought eagerly TO enter the
Confederation of the Rhine. The displace-
ment Of the Spanish Bourbons seemed to
conclude the career Of that race. The old
monarchy had become spectral. Louis
XVIII.-so-called by the phantasmal past,
Jared on through the dim world. Refused
an asylum in Italy, in Austria, in Saxony,
In Prussia, he had found a brief respite at
Mittau and Warsaw; but after Tilsit, he
must on and on, ever fatter in body and
leaner in hope to that ultimate hospital Of
obesity and despair-England.
The years 180S-9 had this complexion
for Napoleon-that he might regard the
past as finished. AS to the future he saw
that shining like a sun through the east
windows of the Tuileries Nevertheless
there was peace nowhere. If the past was
finished, the present was chaos and the flu
ture merely pregnant. His Continental
System"-by which Great Britain was to
be left rotting on the sea-roused all the
remaining rancor of races and nations.
Sweden leagued with England. The Mus
covite enthusiasm for France emitted at
intervals sulphur instead of incense. The
Car was for Napoleon; but the Russians
were not for the French. The Congress Of
Erfurt, in October of 1908, was hollow.
Alexander and Napoleon were there; also
the kings of Saxony, Wurtemberg and
Westphalia; also the minor princes The
state of Europe was confirmed. The Gar
should have Finland, Wallachia and Mol
davia. A paper was sent TO the demented
king of England proffering peace-to
which the duke of Portland replied that
there could be no peace because the House
of Bourbon had not been at Erfurt. He
might as well have answered that there
could be no more sunshine in the meadows
of Europe until Godfrey of Monmouth
should be chancellor of daybreak!
While Napoleon was busy with the COM
plications of 1S07-S, Austria had been Co
verify arming for the renewal of war. The
British ministry gave Francis III. four
million pounds TO break the peace! The
early spring of 1909 found the Archduke
Charles in Bavaria with tremendous
army. Napoleon heard the noise afar.
Leaving Soult TO finish the Spanish bust
ness, he fastened to Paris. BY the 10Th OF
April he was at Stuttgart. On the 18th,
his headquarters were at Ingolstadt Out
of Wurtemberg and Baden, by the swiftest
couriers, he evoked an army. He threw
himself like tornado on the Austrians,
and hurled them back towards Bohemia.
Vienna was uncovered, and on the 18th OF
May surrendered to the French.
On the 21st and 22nd of that month oc.
CURED the indecisive battles of Aspern and
Essling. In June the progress of the
French seemed to be delayed by the very
excess of their advances and victories. On
the 5th and 9th of July was fought the
famous and sanguinary battle of Wagram,
In which the Austrians were routed with
loss of fully 20, 900 men. The Hapsburp
Empire was as completely FRUSTRATED as
Prussia had been after Jena The humbled
Francis came TO a conference with Napo
leon at Schonbrunn. He was obliged tc
purchase peace by the cession of the prov
inces of Dalmatia and Istria. Austrian
Poland was divided between the Car and
the king of Saxony. Salzburg was given
to Bavaria. Francis pledged his honor tc
renounce his alliance with England, and
to uphold the continental system of Ma
poleon.
Meanwhile Soult, in command of the
second corps in Spain, had on the 10th o.
November, 1903, annihilated the Spanish
army at Burgos He had wrested Corunna
Ferrol and Oporto from the English. But
the tide turned in Northern Portugal, anC
the French were driven back by yelling
ton. A division under Marshal Money
marching on Valencia, was defeated, a,
was also General Dupont, in the battle o.
Baylen, in Andalusia, where the French
losses amounted to nearly 90, 900. In Au
gust of 1908 occurred the siege of Saragos
sa, memorable alike in history and poesy
Not until February of the following yea
was the stronghold surrendered to tn,
French, whose losses during the siege ar,
said TO have exceeded 80, 000l
1t was just after these events that tn,
hollow congress was held at Erfurt. BY