davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11
Youthful Great Men,

1t is uhdeniable that many of the
greatest careers have been made by
young men. Washington was but
forty-three when he was called to the
command of the American Revolu-
tionary Army. Henry Clay was
Speaker of the House of Representa-
tives at thirty-four. Stephen A.
Douglas was but thirty.nine when he
first became candidate for the Presi-
dency. John Jay was Chief Justice
of the United States at forty-fve.
James G.. Blaine was only thirty nine
when he became Speaker of the House
of Representatives. Alexander Ham
ilton took charge of the Treasury at
thirty-two years of age. Martin Van
Buren, at thirty-six organized the IA
nous Albany regency and was Gov
ernor of New York at forty. John @.
Calhoun in his forty second year was
Vice. President of the United States.
John G. Breckenridge of Kentucky
was Vice President at thirty-two and
candidate for the Presidency at
thirty-fve. George b. Mcclellan was
only thirty-eight when nominated for
the Presidency.
In military life especially young
men have been most conspicuous.
Gen. Grant was but forty years OF
age when he began winning name
for himself in our civil war, and was
only forty three when the war closed.
The great Napoleon was master OF
France and Europe before his thirtietb
birthday. Alexander the Great had
conquered tho world and left 1t before
he was thirty-three years old. Ere.
mont, the "Pathtinder, had explored
tho Rocky Mountains before he was
thirty, and was running for the Presi-
dency at forty-three.
Columbus was in the thirties when
he explained his ideas of the western
passage and enlisted the Spanish SOW
ereigns in the project that led to the
discovery OF America. Richard Cob
den was but thirty-four when he
founded the Anti-Corn Law League.
which revolutionized the commercial
policy of Great Britain. William Pitt,
ranked by some historians as the
greatest of modern British premiers,
was practically ruler of England al
twenty-four. The list of youthful
great men might easily be extended
Baltimore Sun.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11
The Castor OIL Industry.

The manufacture of castor oil from
the beans was formerly controlled by
a few pressers and manufacturers in
New York, St Louis, Cincinnati and
San Francisco. These manufacturers
distributed the seeds to farmers, with
directions for culture. and made a
contract to take the whole crop at a
certain sum. The beans are raised on
land where Indian corn thrives, and
the crop is cultivated similar to corn.
Tho pods are harvested when they
turn brown, and are shelled by the
farmers. After being cleaned by a
tanning mill they are sent to the
manufacturers OF the oil. who press
them by heavy machinery. and clarity
the oil before bottling 1t. The in
dustry is large one in this country
and thousands of persons are directl,
or indirectly supported by it.--Nsv
York Jndspsudsnt
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11
A Song OF Seasons.

There's Joy, my dear, In the youth o. the
year.
When the hearts o. the bright buds break I;
And the skies are blue as the eyes o. you,
And the blooms blow over the lake.
There's joy, my dear, for the world is fair,
And love Is the sweetest blossom there.
There's Joy, my dear, in the noon o. the
year,
When the harvest hints o. gold
And the soft sun streams with its CLEANS and
dreams
On your beautiful hair unrolled.
There's joy, my dear, for the world Is fair,
And love Is the blossom that's brightest
there.
There's JOY, my dear, in the gray o. the
year.
When the SHOWS are drifting white;
And the cold winds cry to the staress sky,
And the last rose weeps Goodnight "
There's joy, my dear, for the world is fair,
While your love like a lily is blooming
there.
Frank l.. Stanton.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11
Presidential Coincidence.

John Adams was eight years Older
than his successor, Thomas Jefferson |;
he eight years older than James Madi.
son; he eight years older than James
Monroe, and he eight years older than
John Q. Adams.
George Washington ended his term
as president in his sixty-ffth year, go.
too, did John Adams. Thomas Jeffer-
son, James Madison and James Mon
roe.
Thomas Jefferson and John Adams
both died on the same day July 4,
1926, exactly fifty years after
the signing of the Declaration of In
dependence. One other president.
James Monroe, died on July 1 His
death occurred in 1881.
Every president, II IL said, with the
singls exception Of William H. Harri,
son. has had blue sysA
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

The great success of the American
magazines, with their superior illus
trations, in England in part atones
Tor the success of the English authors
in America. Says little preface to
to an English magazine which has jus,
appeared in altogether new and i'm.
proved form: "The success of Ameri.
can magazines in England has shown
very plainly that it is only necessary
to produce periodical Of the highest
quality to secure the favor of the
British public" Then it goes on to
appeal to English patriotism to sup
port it, as against foreign rivals. And
this same magazine prints as frontis-
piece part of one of our own Mr..
WenzeIl's society pictures, taken from
life, which, although similar afro.
cious Photographic reproduction on
cheap paper of the reproduction OF
Mr.. Wenzell's original, is by far the
finest illustration in it. And this same
magazine, which appeals to English
hatred of foreigners for support, has
cut out Mr.. Wenzelrs signature. It's
best original illustrations are also by
an American resident in London.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11


1t is common to suppose that fail
ureo / business especially during such
conditions as have existed in the United
States since 1892, are almost entirely
due to the commercial depression
which has characterized those years.
Such is hardly the case, as will be
seen by the following figures, com.
piled by the Chicago Record from
Bradstreet's reports. In 1898 the fail
ures due to such disaster amounted to
23. 3 per cent of the whole number; in
1894 to 25. 9 per cent, and in 1895 to
"a. 8 per cent. In each year the per-
centage OF failures due to lack of capi.
tai is very considerably larger than
the number due to the commercial
crisis. Another popularity regarding
business failures is that far smaller
number are due to extravaganza than
is commonly supposed, and in no year
since 1892 has the number of failures
from that cause been LIZ per cent OF
the total number. Neglect of bust
ness. under which may be classed in
temperance, is responsible for about
three per cent of the failures,
while inexperienoe is credited witt
six per cent. Outside speculation
causes less than two per cent of these
TROUBLES, while nine per cent are due
y 10 fraud. Inoompetency is the cause
Of about fifteen per cent. The chic
causes OF business failures, therefore,
sre--frst, lack OF capital, or th'
affort to get rich too fast; second
commercial crisis; third, incom
petence, and fourth, fraud. mex
perience. unwise credits, outside spec
ulation, neglect of business, extrava
Gsnce and the failures of others ar
the least operative of all the cause
that produce failures in business
Since these predominating causes ca
be easily prevented it is not easy +
ses Why commercial disasters canno
hs reduced to Q minimum, even i
times Of general panic. II men VIII
do not understand q business woul'
kssp out Of II. II men in bust mes
vonld not 60 beyond their capita
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

Norway is rapidly pushing its way
TO being next to England in the size
of her mercantile marine. Ship
building has become such favorite
form of investment with Norwegians,
and with one particular class above
others-the keepers of the great ho-
tels-who put all the money they make
out of foreigners into ship specula-
tion.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

There is clause in the constitution
Of Venezuela which forbids the cession
of any territory, so that the govern
ment could not yield its title to any
portion of the disputed area until it
had been formally decided by some
competent authority that it belonged
to Great Britain.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11
THE WRONG MAN.


at home aud help their mothers do
the housework, and piece bed-quilts,
and embroider lace wells, instead of
running about in all the dirty streets
and narrow lanes in creation!"
Mrs. Prodgitt did not take kindly to
modern civilization.
She had come up from Owl Brook
to visit her cousin Mary Ann, who had
married Ebcnezer Hardy quarter of
century ago, and settled down in
New York; and, as she expressed her
self, "things seemed to be all turned
topsy-turvy."
'But, Cousin Prodigy" said saucy
Hattie Hardy, who was equipping her.
self with basket, bag, parasol and
waterproof cloak, sit is a work OF
mercy and charity that we are engaged
in." -
"Nonsense!" irratably cried Mrs.
Prodgitt. II think you've all gone
crazy together! I'm surprised at
you Mary Ann, to let the child go
tramping ali over the city by herself.
In my day it wasn't considered re-
spectacle.
"You say, truly, that times have
changed since then, mildly muttered
Mrs Hardy, who was knitting Aeecy,
white wool by the fire. "Be sure,
Hattie, that you come home early.
The new minister is to be here to-
night to tea, and Betsey can't be
trusted with the new set of moss-rose
china"
81 wonder what he is like?" said
Hattie, as she tied the deep-blue
strings of her hat into a coquetish
bow under her round chin. ~ do
hope he's young and handsome.
"My dear!" demonstrated Mrs.
Prodgitt.
"Of course" added Hattie, "we
knew that old Mr.. Puzzleton was
perfect saint; but one don't like saints
with red noses and spectacles, and
three layers of double chinr'
Mrs. Prodgitt looked as if she ex-
pected that Hattie would be struck by
lightning on the spot for that hereti-
col remark.
Harriet" was all that she could
utter.
While Mrs. Hardy, more accus-
toned to the audacious speeches of
her pretty daughter, went on, in her
purring sing song tones:
Don't forget that poor widow in
Cob lane, Hattie. And if you go to
Milo Reneau's, I think it would be
we'll to speak word in season to that
great lazy son of his, who is always
buying lottery tickets, and does moth
ing to support the old folks"
"Oh, yes. I'm glad you mentioned
that. said Hattie, penceling IN entry
on little tablet. Mem, to give
Jonas Reneau piece OF my mind"
Dear Mr.. Puzzleton always said that
that young man was dreadful STUN
bling block.
"And think, went on Mrs. Hardy,
"that the Gray sisters can find work
for Alice Jennings now, if she is un-
employed.
"The-which ?" asked Mrs. Prod
gitt.
"The Gray sisters" explained Mrs.
Hardy. "One of our ch urch organiza-
tions."
Mrs. Prodgitt glared.
as there any end to the folly oil
nonsense OF this generation ?" she
said.
81 suppose" laughed Hattie, ''that
in your days nobody ever went slum.
ming?"
"Went where?" asked Mrs. Prod.
gitt.
"Slumming," distinctly repeated
Hattie.
"She means visiting the poor and
seeking out cases of destitution," ex'
planned MrG Hardy. Hattie, my
child, do wish you wouldn't tall
slsng"
Hattie disappeared with a littl'
breeze OF laughter. while Mrs. Prod
gitt rssettlsd her spectacles and ut
tsrst(s deep grosn.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

Grent Britain's corn crop grows
each year beautifully less, from the
view point of American farmers, at
any rate. In 1894 she grew little
over SO, 900, 900 bushels, and for 1896
1t Is estimated the crop will be 22,-
900, 900 bushels less.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

The five nations of Europe" own
2,310 war ships, mounting SO. .209
guns, all ready for immediate ser
vice."
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

Many good authorities say that to
ride wheel in the mornings before
partaking of food is injurious. The
best time is said to be in the aft, r
noon or evening.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

Cincinnati is one of the few cities
whose growth has not been proper
tionate to the increase of wealth of
the state in which il is located.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1896-03-11

Boston has more Scotch than live in
any city in Scotland, save the four
laroest.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1896-04-13

The filed cheese bill is one which Con-
gress ought to pass for the same reasons
that it enacted the oleomargarine law,
namely, because the traffic Is no longer
confined to States and cannot be con-
trolled by them. The filled cheese is not
a genuine cheese. 1t is a shell of good
cheese filled by compound Of skim
milk cheese and what is called neutral
hog-fat. 1t can be sold much cheaper
than genuine cheese, and it is an in
ferior article. The bill passed by the
House does not prohibit the manufact-
ure. but imposes a tax upon the manu-
facturer and seller. and comDels the
manufacturer to label it so that 1T will
be known from the genuine. The max
ing of filled cheese without regulation
seriously affected the industry of dairy
cheese making and has brought Amer
lean cheese into bad repute abroad. 1t
remains to be explained why all the
Democrats in the House voted against
the bill.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1896-04-13

The multiplication of wheels is likely
to lead to new legislation In regard to
the right of way for vehicles and compel
greater care on the part of pedestrians
In st. Louis an ordinance has been
passed requiring bicycle riders to keep
to the right" under penalty of heavy
fine, and in Detroit pedestrians are
warned that, waving the right of way
which the law gives them, they are ex-
pected to assume the initiative in avoid
ing collisions. The general rule Of law Is
that pedestrians have the right of way
as against vehicles of any kind at street
crossings, but this might not apply to
other parts of street. The introduction
of asphalt pavements causes much more
walking in the streets than formerly,
and this. with the multiplication of
wheels seems to impose a new obliga-
ton for caution on the part Of pedes-
TRANS. The fact that the bicycle is
vehicle difficult to stop without great in
convenience for the rider. much more
difficult, in fact. than a carriage drawn
by horses. is likely to give bicyclists
some advantage in legislation and in the
court decisions which are sure to come
in time.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1896-04-13

An Honorable once, hut Few Men
Desire 1t.


Desire 1t.
Philadelphia Inquirer.
The Office of Vice President is a most
honorable one, and yet we are hearing very
little about it. There are plenty OF candidates
for the presidency, but for second place on
the ticket no one has actually entered the
field. 1t is said that Mr. Hobart, of New
Jersey, would not decline the nomination,
and that possibly Governor Bradley, OF
Kentucky. could be induced to accept IL.
but no canvass has been inaugurated for
any one. The Office seems to have dropped
almost out Of sight.
is that a public man, say a United States
Senator, unless he is willing to retire from
public life at the end of his term cannot
afford to become Vice Presider No one
accept the Office. 1t is not parh at
tractive. A man elected Vice Pre- Il can
Senate until a President pro tenn. is elected.
and then disappear for the remainder OF
the four years. and no one will ask, unless
carefully. whether the Vice President IS
plotting the Senate or not. Instead Of maxi
ing this office prominent and permitting the
and take part in the couciis Of the Nati og
the Constitution has left him to obscurity.
When a President dies then indeed the
vice PRESIDENT becomes very important
the administration he Is a nonentity.
Another reason why there Is 50 little
scramble Tor the nOm1nar10n now Is because
that. as rule, the second place on che ticket
is filled by force of circumstances at the con-
vention, and rarely by combination in adj
vance. To go back to the time OF Hayes.
VIM. A. Wheeler, of New York. was NOM
mated for Vice President. He had been a
candidate for the first place with three votes.
In 1880. when General Garfield was nomi-
mated over Grant, Senator Conkling insisted
that Chester A. Arthur should be nominated
as Vice President. and. to appease Conkling
and the 306. this was done, although he had
not been candidate previously. In 1884 Lo-
gan was taken up with Blaine after having
made a stiff fight for the presidential nom
ination. That was the Democratic year. and
Hendricks was made Vice. President on the
Cleveland ticket with the intention of keep
ing Indiana in line II was an appeal TO a
the ticket with Harrison. Mr.. Morton rep
same year Thurman was put on tie ticket
with Cleveland, and for once a man was
nominated for whom canvass had been
made in advance. The late VIM. l.. Scott
made up that ticket OF Cleveland and Thur
man. In 1892 the Republican convention
threw overheard Mr.. Morton and took up
Whitelaw Reid. This was an instance where
a barrel was relied upon TO popularize a can
didate, and it did not work.
Where we shall land this year no one
knows. There are many very good and
great Republicans who are among the presi-
dental possibilities, but not one OF them
seems to care for the vice presidency No
doubtful State need to be pandered to I'm this
campaign. The party Is perfectly free TO
pick out It's best men.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1896-04-13
wAMPUM CURRENCY AND FREE SILL
YER.

The sound currency committee of New
York has made a unique contribution
to monetary literature in a tract entitled
'Wampum Currency 1t deals with a
phase of the currency question curious
in itself and very little known. History
furnishes many illustrations of the evils
of deprecated or bad money. and those
who are most familiar with them are
least liable to take UP with imitation or
fiat money theories in any form. Our
German American citizens are strong
advocates of sound money because the
history Of their own country illustrates
the evils of a debased currency No
person who lived in this country during
the era OF wildcat banks will ever be
found advocating free State banks. In
this. as in other respects. the lessons of
history are most instructive.
The tract in question is compilation
of the laws enacted by the early colonial
government of New Netherlands, as
New York was first called, to make
wampum a permanent circulating me-
dunn and legal tender. 1t is hardly
necessary to inform intelligent readers
that wampum was an Indian manu-
facture, consisting of beads bored and
strung on thread. When the first Euro
pean colonists in this country began to
trade with the Indians wampum became
a medium of exchange between them,
and the Dutch seem to have thought it
could be made a permanent currency.
hos nd Cfh clx; IF
more intrinsic value than wampum be-
gan to supplant it. and finally coin crept
in; still the Dutch tried to bolster up
wampum by arbitrary legislation fixing
its value and that of other articles in
comparison with it. The first law on the
subject passed by the Director and Coun-
Gil of New Netherlands April Is. 1641.
was as follows:
Whereas. Very bad wampum is at present
circulated here. and payment is made in
nothing but rough. unpoiished stun, which
Is brought hither from places where 1t is 80
and the good, polished Wampum, commonly
called Manhattan WamDum. is wholly put
express ruin and destruction Of this Country nv,
in order to provide In time therefor We do
therefore. for the pubic good. interdict and
condition soever they may be- TO receive i'm
payment. or to pay out any unpublished wam-
pun during the next Month Of May. except
at Five for one silver. and that strung. and
then after that, six beads for one silver.
Whoever shall be found TO have
acted contrary hereunto shall pro-
visionally forfeit the Wampum which is
paid out and 10 guilders for the poor. and
both payer and payee are alike Liable The
well-polished WamDum shall remain at its
price before. to-wit, Four for silver,
provided Ii be strung.
This ordinance was passed and pro-
mulgated at New Orange. as it was then
called, now Albany. N. Y. At the time
of the passage of the ordinance the place
had been settled nearly thirty years, and
the burghers probably thought it was
time to begin TO tinker the currency. 1t
does not seem to have occurred to them
that wampum was depreciating In value
because 1t was being produced more
abundantiy and cheaply. just as silver
has been In recent years. and they
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1896-04-13

Ex-Speaker Crisp declares that he
would not favor the free coinage of sill
metal of which is worth 100 cents in the
worlds market will remain in circula-
ton with one whose metal is worth less
than 60 cents. That is, he would take
gold bullion to the minis to have coined
into dollars when he could exchange it
for enough silver bullion to make nearly
third more dollars. 20 Mr.. Crisp might
do that. but the dullest Georgian would
use the gold to purchase silver, and thus
get third more dollars.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1896-04-13

The Philistine for April opens with
poem by Miss Louise Imogen Quincy, which
every lover Of good literature will declare
is not very Philstinic. 1t is To Friend in
Time OF Trouble and is very sane and
sweet.
No magazine is complete at this juncture
without a chapter on the Olympian
games, and Scrbner's covers the ground
both as to text and illustration. more salts
factorily, perhaps, than any other. An IL
lustrated paper on the artist, Lord Leighton,
Is of interest.
The leading article in the March number
Of Facts and Fiction (Chicago) is THE Ar
menian Question" by Judge w. B. Hess, Of
Indiana. Judge Hess was Consul-general at
Constantinople during President Harrison's
administration. which gave him excellent
opportunities for familiarizng himself with
the conditions OF the Armenians.
In the Bostonian for April Lieut.. James
A. Frye has a second paper on coast de-
lenses of the United States He has made
a study of appropriations and has viewed
the subject from every side. He shows what
is required at present in the way OF fortifica-
lions and guns. and accompanies his state
Vested cbnrl nd interest," MANI readers
DR.. 7. C. Mendenhall contributes to the
Atlantic Monthly an interesting paper on
the Alaska boundary line. DR.. Mendenhall
was of the government commissioners
concerned in determining this line. Lafcadio
Hearn. In the same issue. sets forth what
he considers TO be the consequences of the
Chinexe-Japanese war and its bearings upon
Western civilization The second of the
series of papers on characteristics in
American life Is by Professor Shaler and
Is a study Of the Scotch element 1t we'll re-
pays reading. The magazine opens with the
first inStallment OF a four-part story by
Henry James, called THE Old Things
Henry Norman. who recently achieved a
sudden celebrity as an American corre-
spondent Of the London Times. discusses in
Scribner's Magazine The Quarrel OF Eng
disappearing peoples" and undertakes to
show that peace policy Is the only proper
one for the United States to follow, and to
build up gre;lt navy would be the extreme
Of folly. In conclusion he quotes the closing
words Of Evaits's Centennial Grafton: In
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1896-04-13

The best evidence of the revolution of
public sentiment in, a third of a century
is found in the opinion of the editor of
the Charleston Is. c. News to the effect
that, while 1.-The election of Andrew
Johnson for a third or even a second
term would have been a menace to re-
publican institutions. the election of
Abraham Lincoln, had he been spared to
the country, for the third. fourth or
fifth term would have been the happiest
fate that could have befallen the United
States