davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
CERTAIN DAIRY ESSENTIALS.
inform system OF Manngem ent In
35 4a Every Detail sas.

Ihfform system OF management In
Every Detail s
With dairying, as with nearly or
quite rything else connected with
the farm, certain essentials are neces-
sary il the best results are realized TO
certain extent the work is the same,
and the difference in the result or the
profit and loss Of the work is largely
the result of the differences in the
quality Of the product. Many fail to
understand the Importance Of these es-
!, sentials, and the consequence is that
there is more or less failure. One Of
the first essentials in dairying is good
COWS. The cost of feed, shelter and
care is the same, Wheth-r given to a
good COW or a poor one. The good COW
must be one adapted to the purpose for
which she is kept, giy.Og a large flow
of good milk for the feed she consumes.
Good feed comes next, for no matter
how good the animal, she cannot make
something out Of nothing, and she
must have a good feed and pure water
il she makes a good quantity Of milk
of good quality. There must be regu-
larify In the feeding, watering, milk
Ing and caring for the COW, the man-
e. geu>a:A Of the milk, cream and but
ar and the more fully this is looked
after the better will be the results in
every way. There must be perfect
cleanliness in the feed and water given
the COW, in the quarters where she is
kept, in the vessels used, in the man
agement Of the milk, cream and butter,
in the dairy house where they are kept,
and in the way the butter is sent to
market. .s. a-z |sss.1s # sp5
There must be uniformity in the
management. There must be no radi-
cal or sudden changes in the character
Of the feed or water, or in the man
agement of the milk in any Of the de-
tails from the time 1t is drawn from
the COW until it is packed as butter for
the market. The temperature of the
milk and cream must be uniform, the
churning must be done when the cream
has reached certain degree of ripe
ness, and the churn must be stopped
at the proper time. There must, in
fact, be a uniform system of manage
ment in every detail. No one plan of
management will be best under all
conditions. Each dairyman must in a
great measure determine which is the
best plan for him, only it must be one
that will give a uniformly good quality
of product at a low cost, and if this is
done dairying will pay fine profit
J. N. Shepard in Dairy World.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16

s F. - e
BREEDING HOUSES FOR POULTRY
Description of An Ideal House for
BFOOda of CHI clens 49,
e 81 ! ]. !. 80 go. e 800 e

Description OF An Ideal House for
BroOds OF Chickens.
Small breeding houses have come to
be considered almost q necessity upon
the average farm as well as in the
yards Of the fancier. The farmer has
learned that it is economical and much
more satisfactory to pick from his
flock the most promising pullets and
q well bred male and place them in q
commodious yard with a snug little
house of their own. From this yard
will come all the eggs that can be
used for Matching. The eggs from
hens having the entire range Of the
farm may be disposed Of in the general
market and used for household pur-
poses. Il Y s#5f .s 5.# s5 !
The accompanying Illustration is of
small breeding house which has been
in use for three years. 1t was original
" a large organ box and has been
made over somewhat. Very little ex-
ira material was needed to complete
it. a half sash, tar paper, hinges,
hook and staple, and a few, boards
picked up about the farm were all the
extras needed. This house accom-
=
s or 10 hens and a rooster The tar
paper we have found expensive and
shall never purchase more Of it. 1t is
rotten, does not wear well, and for out
side purposes it is worthless. For COW
ering, stretch muslin over the top and
tack it on firmly. Apply one coat of
hot tar, let It dry, then put on another.
II to the tar a small proportion Of fine
wood ashes is added, the coat will he
firmer and more lasting. Upon the
last coat as fast as put on, sprinkle
sand plentifully. Such roof is wind
proof, water proof, and with the adj
dition Of a new coat of hot tar every
year, becomes practically indestruc-
tible. %9 Il T..
Such houses are ideal homes for
broods of chickens. Two or three hens
with their focks may occupy such a
house, and with the addition of roomy
yards are well provided for until the
chicks are half grown. If not too
crowded they remain there until re-
moved for winter quarters. When
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
Rat1ons for MIX Cows.

Extensive experiments in compound
ing economical rations for and in feed
ng milk cows at the Texas station are
detailed in Bulletin 49, AS food, one
pound of Alfalfa hay proved to be
equal to little more than a pound
and half of cotton seed hulls, and
one pound Of choice prairie hay was
worth a little less than one pound
alfalfa The addition Of silages cheap
ened ration Of hay and grain. Cot
ton seed was the cheapest single food
to give with hay, and cottn-seed meal
was the best and cheapest single food
to mix with hulls, while the hulls We're
better and cheaper than hay to mix
with the meal, but the hulls should
not be fed continuously as the sole
forage to milk cattle Cotton seed
bulls and corn meal increase fat rapid
ly but do not yield a large flow Of
milk. I.
AS a result Of these tests and much
practical experience in feeding large
herds of milk cows, the professor re-
commends the following rations for
southern milk cows: Nine pounds Of
cotton seed, two pounds of corn meal
thirteen pounds of prairie hay; or, five
pounds Of seed, four pounds Of cotton
seed meal, fifteen pounds of hay; @or,
five pounds of corn meal; or three
pounds of cotton seed meal, fourteen
pounds of alfalfa hay; or six pounds
of cotton seed meal, fifteen pounds of
corn silage, twelve pounds Of alfalfa
hay; or six pounds of cotton seed meal,
six pounds of wheat bran, ten pounds
of cotton seed hulls; or ten pounds Of
bran, four pounds Of corn meal, twelve
nf MI no 4o,
of cotton seed. twenty pounds of sill
age, ten pounds Of prairie hay; or six
pounds Of cotton seed meal, thirty
pounds Of silage, six pounds Of alfalfa
hay; or, twelve pounds Of wheat bran,
fifteen pounds of sorghum; or. eight
pounds Of corn meal, eighteen pounds
Of alfalfa hay.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16

raise scrub horses as Russia ana
America do. The great Industrial in,
.terests Of Europe, however, require
more horses than their countries can
produce, and prices are therefore al
ways high. The deficiency must be
made up by large importations from
other countries, and here America
should lead in supplying Europe with:
horses as we do with cattle, but we
have so few Of the kind Of horses they
want. We could readily export $4,000
to 5000 horses at good prices, now
that the trade is established, If our
farmers and breeders would raise high,
class draft and coach horses to suit
the export trade The opportunity has:
never before been offered to American
breeders Of supplying the markets of
the world with good horses.
IL we will import more Of the pure
bred stations from these countries,
and breed to suit these markets, we
will be assured of 5000 to $500, while
our own cities rival the export trade
for even still larger numbers Of the
very best of large. stylish coachers
and large, heavy draft.
58 Carrots for Live Stock.
The value Of carrots for food has
uOI Deeu SuIHclently recognized. They
are one of the surest crops that we
can grow. II put into properly-pre-
pared ground, we can be reasonably
sure of a crop any season. When once
the plants get a start they seem to be
able to stand almost any kind or
weather, and although the roots are
small when compared to mangles or
rutabagas, they yield nearly twice as
s much per acre, notWithsta nding. And
when we come to feed them, there is;
no kind of live stock for which they
are not excellent. Swine do not relish
them so much as other stock. For
horses they are excellent. In some,
countries few pounds of carrots are.
given to the horses as regular as the
day comes in winter and spring. They
do not faint the milk of COWS as tur-
nips do when fed in large quantities.
And for sheep and lambs they furnish
a most excellent food. Their keeping
qualities are also of the best. When
Kept in a cellar away from frost and
not too warm, they will be just as
good and sound in the spring as in the
autumn. But they require more labor
to grow them and to harvest them
than some of the other root crops
Northwestern Farmer.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
Peas md Oats

In .time of peace prepare for war;
Is more essential in dairying than in
National affairs, for while the enemy
only comes once in a generation or
two, the drought hits the dairyman
more or less; certainly as often as
once in three years. How to bridge
over this chasm is important, for
chasm it is, and to be unprepared to
meet it is to suffer great loss in milk
yield. To best meet this condition M
plies raising some crop to meet this
want, and if not needed, it can be 3nut:
away against the time Of a rainiess
day. At a recent dairy meeting one
gentleman there spoke to the effect
that for the past seven years he had
always sOWn oats and peas in the
spring, and also in early summer. at
intervals Of about fifteen days, and III
no case had the dry weather SO dam
aged this crop as to leave him with
out a fair soiling CROP and when not
needed he had cured the balance for
hay, and regarded it, even, then. as the
full equal of the best of clover hav
He would never broadcast the meas.
but pillow them in at least 10 inches
deep, so that the roots would be in.
moist cool soil. "A week later he threw
IL bushels of oats to the acre IN
this pea ground, making bushels of
seed all told to the acre, and gave
them single narrowing. This also
killed all surface weeds and gave the
crop full control of the ground. The
seed peas need not cost much above
81 per bushel, or less than Sc for The.
seeding Of an acre. This cron will
come in play by July 10 and through
August, and will prevent the shrfnk-
age OF milk consequent to dry pasture
feed, amounting Ia the aggregate IA
several times over that Of the cost of
the crop. Cows that shrink II AUGUST
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16

chicken and vet one is a bout 100 per
Gent tougher than the. other?'
Sam Always the case with chicken,
sab; one leg has 100 per cent more
work to do than de oder, and de mus
Tcles consequently git tougher
why, never heard Of that. Which
one is it??''
DE one de chicken sleeps on, sab. Z
-Harper's Magazine.
They Were Touched.
First Pickpocket, who has been att
tending church for professional pur-
poses, to his ma tie That was mighty
touchin' sermon which that old ton
in the white thingumbob preached,
weren't it, Bill?
Second Pickpocket- were that,
Tom. was going to sneak something
out Of the plate, but that sermon so
touched my cart that put button
in it instead. Toronto Catholic Reg.
lister.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
Oil Meal us Cattle Food.

Our correspondents have given some
Of their own experiments at feeding
large quantities of oil meal along with
other foods in fattening. Here is what
an English writer says of the use of OH
meal or old process linseed cake in that
country: Given at higher prices than
those now current inseed cake of real
~ high quality ought to be regarded as
cheap compared with other feeding
stuffs, because it's Importance to the
farmer as the best food for rapidly
pushing his stock forward is a fact.
that admits Of no doubt whatever. Be
sides which it has been abundantly
proven that to use homegrown food
without any cake is bad economy, see
ing that it results in delay in putting
on flesh; while on the other hand. it is
found that the natural feed itself is
more economically used in conjunction
with certain portion. Of linseed cake.
Stock Notes.
Gives the young pigs lots Of sunshine
Ashes and charcoal should be kept
handy for the hogs.
An over-fat hen is always in danger
Of apoplexy.
Poultry nor babies can stand filth,
and keep in health.
life. Sick hens nope. 8
When the birds begin to wheezes
you have a case of roup on hand.
Take good care Of the early pigs.
for they will be gold finders before
next winter.
Remember that the pigs should be
provided with a clover field to run to
when the time comes.
There is no other kind Of live stock
that will give you action on your
money quicker than hogs.
Roots should be given to the in-lamh
ewes few weeks before the young
are dropped.
Pound for pound, sheep manure is:
the richest produced on the farm, care
for and utilize it accordingly.
The young lambs need dry, clean,
and fairly warm quarters, with plenty
of fresh air and opportunity for ex-
ercise.
The mothers milk for the lamb
should be supplemented by other food
as soon as it can be taught to eat, ana
that is usually at an early age.
Variety Of food necessarily lessons.
waste, for the animal then gets an
the elements essential to animaI
growth. "A continued ration Of but a.
single item will probably supply some
elements to excess, and that which lis
not made use of is wasted; and va
riety conduces to a good appetite, too.
The prices are poor and there is it,
tie demand for scrub dairy cows, but
he who raises Jerseys, even though
: IL |, 2oes I.s4
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
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At Any Cost.
In wrath and tears. Edith Hewlett
had gone to bed. She had been tucked
UP once, given a drink twice, kissed
RoOd night three times, and the lamp
mad heen eXtinguished. but the spark
of rebellion still burned III her childish
soul.
''Namma!' she cried.
Go to sleep, Edith her mother said,
sternly: II shall not come out there
again
Il want a drink, mamma Edith
pleaded
You've had two drinks already.
Now go to Sleep"
There was brief silence, and then
Edit, tried again.
Mamma, come and kiss me good
night"
you've been kissed goodnight, dear.
and shall not come in again; so go to
sleep at once, like good girl Al
There was another pause. while the
. lonely child cudgelled her little brain
for a new expedient.
"Mammav' she cried, at last, s'please
come in; I'm so hungry"
"You cannot have anything to eat
tonight, and if come in there again.
the mother said, with rising choler, lit
will be to give you Il good spanking"
There was longer pause, and just
as it began to look as if the evenings
battle was over, the child's voice was
again heard: ye ~ ~
Mamma" she pleaded, I'm so lone
~ in here. Please come in and spank
me''-Earle H. Eaton, in Harper's
Magazine.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
Matrimonial Item.

In San Antonio (Texas) drawing
room lady was narrating her sad ex-
perience.
Imagine the frightful position in
which am placed. My husband went
North, and now it is almost three
years since I had line from him.
Horrible" groaned the chorus.
Eyes, but that amt the worst. He is
likely to turn up here in town any day
and head me Off from getting divorce
for desertion.'- Sitter.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
IT say, father, there's a stuffed mon
key In the Natural History museum
nearly as big as you are"
A Very Severe Mother.

A Very Severe Mother.
A very estimable widow had a son
who is far from estimable. His poor
mother is nearly brokcn-h hearted. She
was combining her troubles one day to
In old and trusted friend.
II am afraid she said, that you
are not firm enough with, John; you
are too easy with him."
ION the contrary, I am afraid some
times that am too harsh" .-
''Why, what have you ever done?"
#"Oh! haven't done anything, but
have talked to him a great deal" "a
What have you said?'
"Why, have said, John! John!
John" and other severe things. Pear
sons Weekly.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16

Lucy-The wretch! And so he mas
been proposing to both Of us! q
Jenny-It seems so.
Lucy-I wish we could think Of some
fearful way to punish him.
JENNY have an idea.
Lucy-What is it? a~sa
Jenny-You marry him, dear.-Buf.
falo Times. = e. -. @..@
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
He Was Sorry for the Bos.

Angry Passenger Ito conductor who
has just enforced rule)-You'll be
sorry for this! I'll see that you are re-
ported to headquarters want you to
understand, sir, that l am the wife Of
the president of this company!
Conductor OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES,
mum, l have always understood that
even the great and powerful have their
sorrows just like the rest of us.-Som.
erville (Mass.) Journal. d. ...~" III
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16

A Small Breeding House. - @
three weeks old, the gates are opened
and they go hunting all day long when
the weather is suitable. When weaned
they have comfortable permanent
home to return to. I have used these
houses with marked success.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
Then He Went Home.

The young man who had travelled
began: ~ s.. s:....
And there I stood, the abyss yawn-
ing at my feet" -. ~. >,.
WAS it yawning before you got
there or did it begin after you ar
rived?' asked the young woman who
has never been away, and then the
young man found that he had just
time to catch the last car.-Indianapo.
lis Journal.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16

"Ah, professor, what a charming col
lection of stuffed birds you have here!
Where did you get them from?'
ooh, that is quite simple. I have
been collecting them for years from
the WORKOUT hats of my seven daugh,
ters. '-Pearson's Weekly.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16

can g u never !3s be brought back to- the full
average flow OF milk So in time Of
plant growth prepare for the active,
period no Of drought or at this period
cows have to become very active to.
lind l 9suftic ient feed, and as activity ins
creases, the flow of milk decreases.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
An Astronomical Feat

Penurious = Gamsley never treats
anybody, does he?
9Treat? When he's thirsty himself
he just gets out his telescope and looks
at the Dipper.'' Chicago Record.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
How He Made the Butter.

I Mr.. Fuller describes, in a letter to
the the Produce, how he made butter:
Is will try to tell you how 1 make
butter In the first place, I have a
man at the weigh can who understands
MS business, and who is instructed not
to ia Ike any milk that is not sweet and
cean. II any poor milk comes it lis
sent: back with tag on the can in
FORMING the patron that he must take
care OF his milk and send only that
winch is good. ] am Swimming now at
about IS degrees or, as the milk comes
10 mat temperature, taking out as
small amount of milk as possible with
the cream and get it all out Of the
milk. l cool the cream down to Sc de-
grees or 81 degrees. Sometimes I use
ice IN the cream, breaking up the ice
line, as large cake of ice will harden
the cream and make white specks in
the butter. I then Stir the cream till
the ice is melted, and let the cream
stand until the next morning with the
room at 20 degrees The cream will
be gradually warmed to about Ga de-
grees. Then filling the churn one-third
full, or not over half full at most, I
cool with ice broken fine to sc degrees.
Butter will come in forty of fifty min
utes to the size of a pea. In washing
1sIlet the water in through a pipe over
the 5churn, and hold my hand under
/ the pipe sprinkling the water over the
the butter as the buttermilk runs off,
/ until about all is out. Then let the
butter drain and put it on the worker;
salt one ounce to the pound and work
until the salt is evenly distributed The
butter is then ready to be packed and
| put away
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
HOnOrs Were Easy.

A very seedy-looking tramp came in
to the Office of the charities of GER
tain metropolitan church with most
forlOrn story of restitution.
The minister in charge had previ-
ously received unfavorable reports of
this very man from the charity organ
ization society. After listening to his
story he said
Il have heard all about you from the
charity organization society. They do
not think very much of you ,~$..,r
'Faix, thin.'' said the man, we're
aven, fur I don't think very much Of
thim.''-AnsWcrs.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
Cheese as Food.

The assumption that cheese is in
ferior as nutritive agent to timed
meats, says the Medical Press and
Circular, is by no means correct. and
from analyses conducted on our be-
half, we are in a position to state that
Cheddar cheese of British manufact-
ure contains much higher percent
age both of tesh-forming substances
and of fats, than meats, even of the
finest quality. This view was held by
no less an authority than the late Or.
Parks Of Netley, who persistently
maintained that a cheese contained a
very large amount of aIbuminoid ma
terlal in very small bulk, and that it
was one of the very best foods for sol
dlers IN time of war. DR.. Thudichum.
in his recent work, 1.-THE Spirit Of
Cookery states that cheese lis the
most valuable animal food obtainable.''
and that is is from two to three times
rs nutritious as the same money value
of ordinary meat" With the purely
agricultural aspect of the subject we
are not directly concerned but it is
our duty to point out that the argu-
ment freely adduced that Cheddar
cheese is less nutritious than meat, is
based on an entirely erroneous as
sumption
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
Character I'm shorthor

The expression character" as APP
Piled to pure-bred animals, is one of
those elusive phras es that may mean
something or nothing. according to the
intelligence of him who employs it. It
is often very vaguely used without any
definite idea being attached to it. The
veteran Shorthorn breeder, Mr.. Robert
Miller. in recent paper before the
Dominion Shorthorn Breeders asso-
citation, defines it as follows:
1t means breed type-in head. horns,
carriage, color, hair and in general out
line; or, in other words, the. Judgment
Of the eye The first impress
sion destroys all chances Of selling if
it be unfavorable, and assists very
much in making a sale if favorable; so
that minor points are lost in the de-
mand for a well balanced whole, which
must be present to satisfy the eye in
order that a detailed examination be
proceeded with. Too often style is
called character, and style Of the
gaudy kind, such as high head, rath-
er long legs, with ribs inclining to be
short. This may havesbeen very nearly
the meaning Of the term twenty-five
years ago, but it is now counted among
the exploded fallacies, and left with
the craze for fancy line breeding to be
buried with the past. = Char
acter' applied to Shorthorns means
type of the most valuable, vigorous,
early-maturing. smooth and uniform
kind; it is the first quality to be desired
by the breeder who wishes to be sue
cessful, and must be the constant
watchword of all breeders who aim to
keep in the forefront with those who
are making such rapid strides toward
perfecting the greatest breed Of cattle
that the world has so far produced
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1896-04-16
That Bright Smile Was His Last

AS they led the condemned man from
his cell they saw that he was smiling.
Even while they were binding him in
the electric chair the smile fingered
on his lips. The curiosity of the war
den was aroused. He paused with his
thumb gently touching the fatal but
ton and asked the cause OF the I'M
seemly mirth.
IL was just thinkin,," chuckled
the malefactor, chow Pm foolin' my
old school teacher. He always said I
was born to he hanged"
Then the warden's thumb came
down-Cleveland Post.