The record-union., 1896-12-22
Report Of the Foreign Affairs Committee
on the Cameron Resolutions
Presented by the Author in United
States Senate.
Many PreCedentS at Home and Abroad
Cited to Show That the Action
Taken is Timely and Proper-Sen-
ators rlills and Morgan Also Pre-
sent a Report Concurring in the
Opinion of the Majority.

Opinion of the Majority.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 21.-The report
from the Committee on Foreign Rela-
tions on the joint resolution acknoW-
lodging the independence of Cuba and
Offering the friendly offices of this Gov
ernment with Spain to bring to close
the war between Spain and the Repub-
lie of Cuba was presented in the Senate
to-day by Senator Cameron. 1t is a
document of very great length and deals
thoroughly, though briefly, in its open
ing with modern precedents of Euro
pean intervention where independence
was the issue involved, the committee
having examined with care all the in
stances which have occurred during this
century of peoples claiming independ-
ence by right of revolt. The opening
lines of the report read that Congress
at its last session, after long and patient
consideration, adopted with practical
unanimity the expressed sentiment that
the time had come for resuming inter-
vention with Spain for the independence
of Cuba, Spain having declined to listen
to any representation founded on an un-
derstanding between herself and the in
surgents, and Congress having pledged
itself to friendly Intervention, the only
question that remains to be decided is
the nature of the next step to be taken
with proper regard to the customs and
usages of nations.
With little further preamble, the re-
port then refers as it's first instance,
showing that the modern precedents
Of European Intervention where indie
pendence was the issue involved began
with Greece, in the struggle which
lasted from 1921 until 1927. The sum-
mary of events in this strife where
within month the rebels got posses
sion of all the open country and all the
towns, except SO far as they were held
by Turkish garrisons is told in a
graphic manner The Sultan called all
Mussulmans to arms, the Greek patri-
archs were hanged at the doors of their
own churches in Constantinople- Sew
eraf prominent merchants We're niassa-
cred; several Christians We're killed and
the Russian ambassador insulted. 1t
is shown that no Government in Europe
sympathized with the Greek rebels. In
stances of the struggle in which the
Greeks fought for independence We're
constantly pointed out until the period
when the Pope induced Turkey to con-
sent to allow her affairs to be discussed
in a general conference did Russia in
sist that the Greek insurrection should
be included among the subjects of medi-
alton"
The Turkish Government declared in
the most energetic language that it
would never admit of such interference
and would not make the affairs of
Greece a subject of negotiation with
Russia. The history of that struggle
is carried on to the date on which the
Sultan, declining to the last to permit
any mediation between himself and his
devoted subjects, the three Powers Of
France England and Russia, an the
9th of July, 1927, united in formal
treaty signed in London, which COM
mitted them to Intervention in case the
Sultan should still reject their proffered
mediation.
Following in regular order then
in its details of circumstances IN
European nations claiming independ-
ence on the ground of the right of rev.
olution, the cases are mentioned of Rel
gium against the Netherlands, in 1890
when the King Of Holland was coerced
into accepting conditions opposed by
the powers upon a show of armed hos
tility; In November, 1892. by the Gov
ernments of France and England. The
coincident rebellion in Poland in which
the Gar notified the Minister Of the
new French King Louis Philippe hat
he would tolerate no intervention in
Poland is given attention. Then fol-
lows in the series Of European nations
claiming independence the recital of the
deposal from the throne of Hapsburg
dynasty. followed by the election of
Louis Kossuth Provincial President
and the Intervention Of Russia on the
ground that If she did SO intervene
Hungary would establish her independ-
ence.
This precedent" continues the re-
mort tended to establish the right of
every Government to intervene in the
affairs of foreign States whenever the
situation should tend to endanger its
own safety or the peaceful equilibrium
on its frontier" As far as known every
other Government in the world tacitly
acqufesced in the establishment of this
precedent If any Government recorded
a protest. 1t was THAI Of the United
States. but then the United States pro-
tested Only By inference from the acts
and language of the President.
The Russian interv ention brought the
wars quickly to an end; that before
October all resistance was over, and
when Congress met early in December,
1919, President Taylors annual mes
sage could only proclaim what would
have been American policy.
Interventions have occurred most
conspicuously In Spain by France in
1923, IN Portugal by England in 1877;
again in Spain and Portugal in 1886 by
England and France under what was
called the triple treaty" and many in
stances Of national interventions IN The
history OF other States are alluded TO,
while in 1916 the interventions in the
affairs Of the ottoman empire have
been so constant as to create board
of Jurisprudence and long series a.
treaties on which the existence of all
political systems OF Southeastern