davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lamar register., 1896-06-06
REBELS BURN JAMAICA.
Insurgents Place Dynamite on Track. In
Cuba.

Havana. June 1.-The entire town Of
Jamaica. near Havana, has been burned
hy the rs.bel band under the command OF
lnsurgeut leader Castillo
4 party of rel,els yesterday placed dy.
namlb' bombs upon the railway rack near
SablnsIia, In the Matanzas proyInce.
which were exptoded by a repair train
containing a number of wotkmen The
train was completely wrecked The en-
gtneer WIS killed and several workmen m
jured.
a band of feieis made an attack upon
the town of Santiago Las Vegas in the
prsvinec Of Havana to-day. but wete re-
pulsed.
The rebel hands under susllmo and
Rodriguez entered the town Of Puerta
DE Ia GUM, south Of the ,nochA. ysSter-
s'ay and ~ dre 10 the paace, burning
every building in the town.
The Lamar register., 1896-06-06

wen-Prepared Ground.-The true
rule is to SOW no more ground than can
be thoroughly prepared; but where the
soil is not too compact, and is free from
weed growth, plowing may sometimes
be dispensed with and the upper crust
be put in good shape to receive oats
by careful narrowing. Thus it may be
under way before the pressing spring
work begina.-Ex.
The Lamar register., 1896-06-06
raalr In .,n,w.rp.

Antwerp. Iuns I.--Durins a perform
auce u t.ockhars's American c,rcus In this
city last evcning a ssairyztse gave way
with a crash, cFeatin. panic among the
large number % persons pres'nL
In the rush % sel out twenty persons
were injured by being squsezed OF throw b
dawn and trampLed upon.
The Lamar register., 1896-06-06
'The question Of vital Importance is

''The question OF vital importance Is
for silver men 10 name candidate FOR
president whose nomination win be
readily acaulesctd in by ali The beilev-
ers in monetary reform
Friends Of silver. hook to your inter.
ests and organize uaw while The fruit is
ripe for piuckIng We DO not wait on
the problcmatical action of any party
The Lamar register., 1896-06-06

Soil for Pears,-It Is generally un-
derstood that pears need very rich
soil. Yet 1t is an unsettled question
whether the soil should be enriched
after the pears have begun to grow.
The controversy is as perennial as the
pear tree itself Some growers will
not cultivate or manure their pear or
chards fearing the blight, while others
do both.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
A Lesson from Ryegate,

The WATCHMAN readers already
know something of the Ryegate Cream
cry, and many OF them would doubtless
be glad TO learn more. Ii seems that
this creamery 10 becoming famous, and
is an object lesson 10 dairy methods.
We find in late number of Hoard s
Doirymon the following notes and
comments on this subject, which we
commend 10 the attention of our read
ers, especially those who are creamery
patrons. Ii contains advice which, if
followed by the creamery patrons of
Vermont, woul add thousands o dol
lars to the wealth Of the state, if not to
their own incomes:
SOME THINGS TO THINK UPON.
In the Maine Dairy Conference Hon.
r. f, E lis gave ten minute talk that
was full of the meat OF wisdom for dairy
farmers all over this continent. He
told of his recent visit to Ryegat, :, Vt. +,
and what he saw in tina, banner dairy
town. He told of the profits those Rye.
gate farmers were earning, just because
they we've obedient to three great es-
sentiss 10 success:
Fir,t.-They were intelligent cow
keepers and handlers. They had taken
pains with themselves to be Intelligent;
they had not left this matter of inteii-
gence t. luck or chance; they had
worked for it, studied for it, paid for it.
Secood.-1hey had some of the best
managed creameries in the East. The
farmers had handled their COWS and the
milk according to modern, good, dairy
sense, and the creameries had made
this good, dean milk into fine butter
and so had gained a reputation that
brought the highest price in Boston.
Three.-The r. egate farmers early
saw that it was simply impossible to
have tirst-class creameries unless they
supplied an abundance Of milk, at all
seasons of the year, go the creameries
could run st tue highest degree of
economy. Those farmers have been
using tbcir int lioence to improve their
cows, and hy b tier management carry
more cows to the acre. That gave
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
The Flow of Maple Sap.

In order to test the value of deep and
shallow tapping of maple trees, A. ii.
Wood of the New Hampshire Expert
ment Station began in 1892 a series OF
experiments continued for three years.
la 1892 two trees of the same size
were tapped on opposite sides at depths
Of II and 80 inches, and the amount
of sap collected was compared. More
than twice as much sap flowed from the
deep tapping as from the other. In 1898
similar experiments were conducted Oh
other trees, and the rate of flow per
minute determined. 1T was found tnat
the tapping at II inches gave the leasl
flow and at % inches the most. When
the holes in trees which had beeh
tapped to depth of II inches were
deepened 10 % inches, the increased
flow vas very marked. A tree about
II inches in diameter was tapped about
inches deep with a 1.inch bit, the
hole was then bored 2 inches deeper
with q inch bit, and the sap collected
from the inner and outer wood. The
rate of flow was Gee. per minute from
the inner wood and Gee. per minute
from the outer. The same experiment
was repeated few days later, and in
both trees it was found that the flow
from the inner wood exceeded that
from the outer wood, although the di-
ameter of the outer hole was double
that of the inner one.
In 1894 four trees were tapped, and
| it was shown that the flow from the iu-
ner wood of the first tree, which was
bored % inches deep with two differ
| ont si1.d hits-a 11-1t inch and "a 3
inch-exceeded that from the outer
wood. In the second tree, where the
hole was of uniform diameter. the flow
from the inner wood was almost double
! that from the outer. 1t was also shown
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25

that in the fourth tree, which was
tapped to a depth Of inches, the hole
being ! of an inch in diameter, the flow
was nearly equal to that in the others,
where much larger openings were
made. The author concludes that the
flow of sap is very largely dependent
upon the depth of the tapping and that
the theory that all, or nearly all, the
sap comes from the outer wood is erro-
neous. The additional injury to the
tree by deep tapping is verv slight, es-
pecially if the hole is small. Where
s-inch bit is used and the bark prac-
tically uninjured by hewing, the ma.
jority of the holes will be grown over
the first summer after tapping.
The amount of flow of sap from the
north and south sides of trees was in
vestigated, and it was found that under
equal conditions the common practice
OF tapping on the south side Of trees is
to be preferred. The tendency of tap
ping trees twice, putting the holes near
together, and letting the sap from both
spouts go into the same bucket was
tested, and it was found that trees
tapped once gave slightly more sap
than those which were tapped twice
This conclusion is based upon single
trial and should be confirmed by sub
sequent investigation.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
Current Weekly Comment.

BEANS. - Receipts, 1,198 barrels. The
market is literally supplied and exceed
inglv dull.
FLoUR.-Receipts, 2S,925 barrels, 247,1
sacks; exports, 6,109 barrels 1924 sacks.
The market is dull for winter wheats with
only hand-to. mouth business doing. Low
grades are dull and normal
Receipts, 80 barrels, 1861 cases.
There has been little change in the market
during the past week. Receipts have been
liberal and demand only moderate. East
ern extras in limited supply.
LUMBER.-Boards of general descriptions
are in moderate request only. Hemlock
and pine boards are meeting with better
demand than spruce or box boards. Clap.
boards continue strong and are in demand.
Shingles are lifeless.
port, 1888 boxes. There is little change
in the condition Of the market Holders of
fine late made stock are asking full former
prices, but have slow trade. Early made
stock is dull and easy
PoULTRY.-Receipts, 2,218 packages. Re-
ceipts were lighter the past week and con-
tanned but a small proportion OF fresh
killed. Choice small fresh turkeys are
scarce and sell readily at full prices. Frozen
poultry is in full supply.
CoRN.-Receipts, 81, 519 bushels; stock in
elevators, l,226 bushels; exports, $500
bushels. The market maintains steady
tone, but the demand is quiet, and it takes
but little TO meet buyers present needs.
Supplies on hand are moderate.
OATs.-Receipts, 109, $50 bushels; stock in
elevators, II, 1872 bushels; exports, 225 bush
els. The market has ruled quiet during the
week, but the tone is fairly steady as a
whole. Oats outside of clipped are dull
and nominal in price, the demand ruling fiat.
BUTTER.-Receipts, 500 ,O74 pounds ex-
ports, S,661 pounds Receipts are slowly
increasing, but as old stock suitable for
table use is nearly gone, there is larger
demand for fresh goods and the market, so
far, has kept well sold up Box butter in
full supply.
Hay AND STRAw.-Receipts, 3lS cars hay,
II cars straw. Choice hay is in fair de-
mand, with fancy cars commanding full
prices. While the better grades Of hay
move well, the tone is weak on the lower
and medium grades, and prices favor the
buyer. The supply of low grades is yet OK
cessive. Rye straw is quiet but the market
holds steady in price. Dat straw is dull.
Wool. - Sales for the week, 1,552,0O0
pounds. We are now facing new clip
with more liberal supplies of wool and wool
goods on hand than we have had for many
years The coming American clip is likely
to show decrease, This years Australian
clip is short in quantity and next years is
to be shorter yet, so that the statistical
position of the market is not unfavorable II
there were only some inquiry for goods.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
Tie Bradley Fertilizers.

Many Of the readers OF the WATCH.
MAN are users oi th,s justly celebrated
fertl zers, aud we hope that mary Of
those farmers VINO DO not use them
may be induced to give them a fair
trial this spring. We would call es-
pecial attention to the fact that this
company are the largest makers of fer
tilizers in the world, and it is very evil
dent that such success could only have
been attained by special merit. They
make fourteen different brands OF fer
tilizers, five OF which were licensed in
Vermont last year. They also issue
nine different publications, the leading
one being Bradley's American Farmer.
II is noteworthy thot special edition
of this is issued for the Middle and
Western states. The use of fertilizers
is not confired to the older parts of the
country. Among the Illustrations in
the american Farmer is photograph
OF a corn crop grown at Brattleboro
AltlItdl Il al dCCOLlD painful W shO Iva
lowing letter, the writer of which is
known throughout the state:
Bradley Fertilizer Company: Gentlemen
1t is my pleasure to say that l have used
Bradley's fertilizers in experiments with
other kinds of commercial fertilizers for the
last eight years, and am satisfied that they
lead all others, and we have settled down
to Bradley's alone, believing it is time and
money thrown away in trying to find some
other kind of fertilizer that will beat it. On
both corn and potatoes the use Of your fer
tilizer has been most highly satisfactory
Over 5000 baskets of corn, and over 5000
bushels of potatoes were raised on the Re-
treat Farm the past season with Bradley's
fertilizers. On the Retreat Garden of six
acres Bradley's fertilizers were applied,
and the product of the same testified for it.
self. At the recent exhibition at the Val
ley Fair, September % and 26, mammoth
pumpkins raised by us were shown thai
weighed 100 pounds each, and vegetables in
like proportions. | cannot speak too highly
in praise of Bradley's fertilizers. G. W
Pierce, Manager of Brattleboro Retreat
Farm, and Secretary of Vermont Dairy
mems Association"
We call attention also to the fact tina
this company are the largest importers
of agricultural chemicals in America
and that they advertise themselves t.
be in a position to supply al kinds o
these chemicals at the lowest prices
either in the original packages or mixe'
in any desired proportions. Thes
chemicals include sulphate ammonia
nitrate soda, muriate potash, sulphat
potash, kainit, etc. Mary farmers ar
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
Steam in Sugar-Making,

AS the sugar season draws nigh, we
find many articles on the subject in the
agricultural press. One of the mos
noteworthy of these appears iu the Ru-
raj Ne,C Yorker under the title, Steam
Sugar-Mak ng in OHIO" 1t is in the
issue of February s, and readers spe-
cially interested would do well to send
five cents for the paper. 1t gives the
experience of Mr.. X. w. Henry, Balm
bridge, Ohio. He has 1,200 trees, and
three years ago made the change from
pans and heater TO steam apparatus
His pans are now four by sixteen feet
and eighteen inches deep; his steam
boiler is forty-horse power, forty-fout
inches by sixteen feet; the steam pipe
is coiled in the bottom of the pans, and
finally passes into the heater; the pres
sure is kept at sixty pounds, He b.
gins boiling when it ls at forty pounds.
" LII just three minutes from the time
steam is turned on, the sap is boiling
II Immediately rises in clear, spark
ling foam to the top Of the pans, and
stays there constantly "a bubbling
seething mass, almost as white as th>
foam on a pail OF milk"
He claims to boil away eight barrels
per hour, including both start and finish.
To use this method, it is necessary to
be near a plentiful supply of water.
He recommends hot water inspirator
instead of cold water injector. He
claims to use only one-half of the fuel
that ne formerly did. He uses tree
tops, old fencing stuff, ETC., for fuel, and
a small amount of coal.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25

them large supply Of mix within
small area OF terrltofy' hence Ine
creameries have houtiehed, ana the
farmers are nOurishing
Mr.. Ellis called the attention OF The
Maine farmers to these facts. He
showed them III At they need not expect
to make any money in dairy farming
until tl,y underslOud how TO make
more milk per acre There are two
WAYS of doing this, keep better cows.
keep more cows. The skiiltul, inlelli-
gent farmer will go 80 work on the i'm
proved COW first. He wants to make a
rood, fair prof on every pound OF milk
he produces. lie kn0Ds every pound Of
milk from a poor coz is made al loss.
The next thing be does is to 80 manage
mis- farm as to have it produce the
largest possible amount Of good COW
food. He investigates the corn ques-
lion, and studies about the silo AZ a
place to store IL 10, 90 il shall come 20
the COW in The best shape Tor milk pro-
ductiou. He studies about growing
peas aud oats as soiing crop in I'M
mer, aud splendid substitute for
clover hay; aud he takes pains TO read
about these things.
Mr.. Ellis saw, and everv man can
see, that viii visit prosperous dairy
communities, that the profit per COW
and pr acre is very much greater there
than it 10 in sections where the farmers
furnish ne ther the good dairy sense
or sufficient good cows to maxi the
creamery profitable to the owner or
themselves.
We receive great many complaints
from farmers where new creameres
have been established. In most in
stances the creameries are not to blame
The farmers have not yet furnished
the conditions whereby they can make
the most profit out of the creamery.
They are furnishing half the amount of
milk they should furnish. There are
thousands OF farmers with 200 acres Of
land, who are keeping not more than
ten to fifteen cows. The making of
the milk from these few cows costs
them nearly double per pound what it
would if they made four times as much.
Then they blame the creamery for not
giving them better profit. They say
the crea pery is charging too much for
the making Of the butter; when it is
hard to see how the creamery can i've
with the small amount o. business
there is t. be done. There are thou.
sands OF these no profit cresmeries all
over the and. The farmers about
them keep two acres to do the work of
ON, ana two cows 10 produce what one
COW should produce. Everything in
and shout that creamery is marked by
a lack of good, intelligent, dairy sense.
How can such men expect dgs from
thstleo, Or profits from ignorance of
sound deiry conditions?
Every farmer, where new creamery
is about to be started, ought to sub
scribe at once for some good, dairy pa
per, so that he may know as soon as
possible what are the conditions that
lead 10 fair profits, and how to avoid
loss.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
Beware of 0intments for Catarrh That
Contain Mercury,

As mercury will surely destroy the sense
of smell and completely derange the
whole system when entering it through
the mucous surfaces. Such articles
should never be used except on pre-
scriptions from reputable physicians, as
the damage they will do is tenfold TO
the good you can possibly derive from
them. Halls Catarrh Cure, manufac-
tured by F. j. Cheney & Co., Toledo,
O., contains no mercury, and is taken
internally, acting directly upon the
blood and mucous surfaces of the sys
tenn, In buying Halls Catarrh Cure be
sure you get the genuine. 1t is taken
internally, and made in Toledo, o., by
F. j. Cheney & Co, Testimonials free.
ca Sold by Druggists, price sew
enty-6ve cents per bottle.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25

learning to mix their own fertilizers,
and this announcement is of special
Importance to such, as success ia this
depends largely upon procuring pure
and reliable chemicals and buying them
at a reasonable price. The WATCHMAN
hopes to discuss this in tier in future
issues.
Another branch of the business
of this company consists in supplying
poultry food and other articles in
this line, as mica crystal grit, ground
oyster shells, etc. Bradley's Superior
Meat Meal is claimed to be the best
reproducing food manufactured.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
Live Stock Market,

SHEEP AND LAMBs.-In lots, s292 255I2 50 each; er-
ira, S2.75di0j, or from 2dic per ID lambs, 3d4Nc.
MARKET BEEF.-A few choice s6d65O; extra
S375a4.5O third quality, s3d3.50.
FAT Hoes.-Western fat swine, i've 464I5c;
Northern dressed hogs, Sc per b. Number of swine
Massachusetts, 2ii West, 1910.
STORE CATTLE.-Working oxen, per pair from
ss0al4O; farrow cows, SlO@23; fancy cows s5Oaes
mich cows and calves, 22OG4S; yearlings, 2S9l6;
two-years old, Sl2q22; three years old S20d32.
HIDES, TALLow AND SKINS. - Brighton hides;
Sa6c per ID; taow, 3G4c per h; country hides
4G5c per ID tallow, lAq2c per ID; wool pets /,
35a65c; calf skins 6OcgslOO; dairy skins, 35q4Oc.
syEAL CALvEs.-A good supply and at easier rates
unless extra quallty-a decline of &c t} 10. w L.
5Sc f. S. Atwood at Sc; A. II. Pond at SIC, average
lao ID. Number at market from Vermont, 727; New
Hampshire, 1908; Massachusetts, 49,
SHREP.-Market not so heavily supplied and prices
steady. Country lots found ready sale. w f.
Wallace sold 81 sheep of 1880 ID. at SIC, lambs of
500 H. at 4i{c; Breck Wood sold So sheep and lambs
of 1880 ID. at 34c i. A Ramsay sold l29 head mostly
lambs, average So b., at 43ca fal lot of his
feeding. Number at market from Vermont, 32;
New Hampshire. 81; Massachusetts, So; West 1901.
CATTLE.-The tone of trade not favorable to the
seller. Western cattle cost, laid down here, 39i%c
live weight. Country cattle slow of sale; some, how
ever, were of good quality. w. f. Wallace sold 2
hefers of 1880 ID. at "a e b.. and of $40 b.
at 4i4c az H.; II. NJ. Minis sold cows average 800 ID
at SS each: Breck Wood sold two oxen 1900 b.. at
SIC d 10. Number at market from Vermont. 2l0;
New Hampshire, 1872; Massachusetts, II; West 3lS5.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25

II would be grand thing for the
net profit of every farmer in these new
creameries if the management would
supply sound, dairy reading to the pa
irons. They need it, as much as the
creamery needs a separator. A years
reading Of the rich experience con-
tanned IN fifty wo copies Of the Dairy.
man will make With many a farmer the
difference between year of profit or
loes. If We could get the men who
keep COWS to read dairy literature more.
80 they could SEQ the truth, as it real y
exits, would make won ierful diff
ference 10 the net earnings of The year,
from Maine to California.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25
AGRICULTURAL,
Flow of Sap.

las sap is derived from the roots OF the
sugar MAPLE in tapping the trees care should
be taken to tap them high in the trunk; and
for each succeeding season to bore either be-
low or at the side Of the aperture made the
previous season."
The foregoing is from "Advice by
An Expert" published by Country
Gentleman and other papers, the expert
being G.. II. Grimm of Rutland, of the
firm of manufacturers of maple sugar
making apparatus. If Mr.. Grimm's
aqueduct pipe were frozen cold, below
his kitchen floor, for an extent Of any
where from six inches TO two feet, how
much water would flow when he opened
his faucet? On the first warm, bright
day in spring, when there may he from
six inches to two feet of frost, hard 90
ice, under a maple tree, how much sap
would run from an incision in the
trunk, if " sap is derived from the roots
of the sugar maple"2 How could sap
make its way from the roots below
through those parts of the roots encased
in earth, frozen hard as a rock, up to
the incision? Under the conditions
supposed, water would not flow from
the faucet, but sap would gush from
the wound in the trunk of the maple.
Timothy Wheeler of Waterbury could
give this expert some expert advice on
the flow of sap. Mr.. Wheeler has
proved conclusively that the fowage OF
maple sap in springtime is from the
branches downward, not from the roots
upward-that is, he has shown that this
is the course of sap by proof other than
the existence of the physical impossible
ity existing in solidly frozen roots.
Here are two among many Of Mr.
Wheeler's interesting experiments: A
root of a maple tree was tapped in two
places few inches apart, sap flowing
freely from the spout inserted in each
incision. A section of the root was
sawed out between the two spouts; the
flow of sap from the end of the root
extending into the ground ceased at
once, the flow from The part of the root
attached TO the tree continued undated.
Large rOots, exposed al the surface Of
the ground, afford chance for this
experiment. Again, hole was bored
in the trunk OF the maple, packed with
fine salt and plugged; the tree was
tapped shoit distance below and the
sap chat flowed was solt, like the waters
of the ocean. The tree, similarly
treated, but tapped above the salt pack
ing, ran sap without the taste Of brine.
These results seem 10 initiate against
Mr.. Grimm's advice in tapping to
bore below the aperture made the
previous season." These experiments,
many time. repeated and widely varied,
all point TO the conclusion that the
branches of the tree are the repositories
of the naples sweets, elaborated by the
summer sunshine and released in
spring-time by the fros!'s mysterious
agency.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1896-03-25

When the trouble gets so bad that he cam
not work, he will begin to give himself the
care he gave the horse at the start. Good
pure rich, red blood is the best insurance
against disease OF any kind. Almost all
diseases come from impure or impoverished
blood Keep the blood pure and strong
and disease can find no foothold.
That is the principle on which Doctor
Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery works.
Ii cleanses, prnhes and euriches the blood,
puts and keeps the whole body i'll perfect
order; makes appetite good digestion
strong, assimilation perfect. II brings rud-
DIV virile health II builds up s0lid, lthole~
some flesh NOT fat when, from any cause,
reduced below the healthy standard.