davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21
Letter Written by Martha Washing ton

A copy of the only letter and sigma
ture of Martha Washington Is in pos
session of the United States Govern
ment, says Kate Fields Washington.
This letter lay for more than ninety
years hidden among some musty arch
ives at the Capitol, and was lately dis
covered by Walter II. French, clerk OF
the department of files, House of Rep
resentatives. The spelling and pune
tuation are carefully reproduced:
Mount Vernon, Dec. 31st, 1899.
Sir
While I feel with keenest anguish
the late Disposition of Divine Provi'
dence, I cannot be insensible to tho
mournful tributes Of respect and ven
Grafton which are paid to the memory
of my dear deceased Husband-and az
his best services and most anxious
wishes were always devoted to the well
fare and happiness Of his country-to
know that they were truly appreciated
and gratefully remembered affords no
inconsiderable consolation.
Taught by the great example which
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

Il
mopylae is classic ground, Valley Forge
is classic. If there is one spot on this
continent more fit than any other LOT
a final and sufficient monument TO the
man and to the men of the American
Revolution, it is Valley Forge. l DO
not refer merely to the hunger, thirst
and cold endured there by eleven thou
sand soldiers, after an exhausting cam
paign in the field. The worst OF all
that misery was over In six weeks. Inc
suffering was acute while 1t lasted, but
It was followed soon by comparative
abundance; then by the cheering news
of the French alliance; then by the
flight of the enemy from Philadelphia,
and the swift pursuit of them by Gen.
Washington. What the troops endured
there would alone make the place for
ever interesting to posterity. But Val
ley Forge means more than that. 1t
witnessed some of the most important
and striking scenes in the war. 1t was
there, too, through ,|e constancy and
tireless energy of the commander-in-
chief, that the cause was saved and final
victory made possible. The selection
of the ground was itself piece Of no.
table generalship, as daring as it was
wise. The occupation Of Philadelphia
by the British had filled every other
town of Pennsylvania with refugees.
The middle Of December had passed
before the army had repulsed the last
demonstration Of the British, and af-
forded the American commander
breathing time to consider the ques-
tion of his winter quarters. Then he
said, in substance, to the troops: Since
there is no town for us to retire to,
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21
washin gton's Farming Operations.


Washington inherited Mount Vernon
in 1859 from his half-brother, Lawrence
Washington, who died in 1857. This
brother had a daughter Sarah, who was
heiress TO the estate, but she died two
years later and the property then re-
verified to George, who was then just 81
years old. The estate then comprised
less than 5000 acres, but soon after he
came into possession he added $500
acres by purchase, which gave him ten
miles of river front. Then began the
system of improvements and cultiva-
ton which subsequently made Mount
Verron the most valuable landed prop
erty in Virginia. He drained the land
wherever needed, he rotated crops, got
the best farm implements then in exist
ence. built and repaired fences, had his
grist mill, his own distillery, had his
own smithy for repairing tools, his own
carpenter shop, looms, and he built
scofes of houses and cabins for his
slaves. His five farms ranged from
1000 to 1000 acres each, and each farm
had its overseer and its allotment Of
negroes and stock.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21
N.Y. EtasISMcls.,


les us create town for ourselves, here,
close to the enemy, limiting his range,
curtailing his supplies, protecting
Pennsylvania and holding ourselves
ready to resume the aggressive as soon
as he abandons the city, in which he
will be by us practically besieged. He
chose Valley Forge, deep cleft in a
lofty hill, with a stream at the bottom
OF 1t emptying into the Schuylkill
There was nothing in this valley for
human use except the primeval forest
that densely covered 1t and the streams
of water that ilowed by and through
1t. But Washington, himself well
skilled in woodcraft, commanded SOL
diers most Of whom had built or inhab-
fled log-cabins. When he told them
that log huts could be quickly made
warm and dry, he said what they all
know TO be true. He also knew pre-
cisely what was necessary for the con-
struction of the huts, what tools were
needed and what materials. His or
der of December IS, 1777, transformed
the whole army into cabin-building
host. Every man had his place and
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21
The Modern Way

Commends itself to the well-informed,
to do pleasantly and effectually what
was formerly done in the crudest man
ner and disagreeable as well. To cleanse
the system and break up colds, head
aches, and fevers without unpleasant
after effects, use the delightful liquid
laxative remedy, Syrup OF Figs. Manu-
featured by California Fig Syrup Com
pany.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21
A GREAT CHANCE TO MAKE MONEY

Mn. EDIToR:-I read how Mr. Jones made
money have q better job taking orders for
the now tireproof Deposit Case for storing
deeds, mortgages, notes, policies, receipts,
monev and valuabcs from fire Every family
or farmer buys. L sell for World Mfg Co, (F 26)
Colunbus. O. cleared S27 first week, $50 second,
first month sl4T. sister made S23 last week
selling National Dish Washer for same firm.
Light, easy work, honest firm, anyone can
make money by writing them. J. c. BARRETT.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

Thousands are suffering excruciating
misery from that plague of the night,
Itching Piles, and say nothing about
it through a sense of delicacy. All
such will find an instant relief in the
use of Doan's ointment. 1t never
fails.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

Every state in the union furnished some fed
cral troops during the war Louisiana, 8,224:
Mississippi. 545: Texas, 4,965; Florida, 1900
and even Alabama furnished 1876.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

At Gettysburg, the American Waterloo no.
600 men fought. OF which 29l98 federals and
5000 coniederates were killed, wounded or
captured.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21
Hurrah for Pennsylvania.

The farmers of Pennsylvania are to
be congratulated. M. M. Luther, East
Troy, Pa, grew over 2O7 bushels Sal.
zer's Silver Mine Oats on one measured
acre Think of it! Now there are thirty
thousand farmers going to try and beat
Mr.. Luther and win 5000 in gold! and
they'll do it. Will you be one of them
Then there is Silver King Barley,
cropped on poor soil 116 bus. per acre
In 1895. Isn't that wonderful-and corn
$50 bus. and potatoes and grasses and
clovers, fodder plants, etc, etc. Freight
is cheap on seeds to all points east, west
north or south.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

II you will cut this out and send
It with 10c postage to the John A. Sal
ger Seed Co., La Crosse, Wis, you will
receive their mammoth catalogue and
ten packages grains and grasses, In
Guiding above oats, free.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

This is q valuable present, memorable past
and an uncertain future.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21
AT VALLEY FORGE.

ALLEY Forge is a
rough lie ce Of
ground on t h G
b a n ks Of t h @
Schuylkill, twenty
one mile from Phil
adelphia and six
from the nearest
large town. AS
mere land, it is lot
worth much. But
il the Pass of Their
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

Time is an island OF eternity.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

Now that Bar Harbor has succeeded
In putting an end to rum selling, roller
skating is coming into vogue.
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

MARTHA WASHINGTON.
nave so long had before me never I'd
oppose my private wishes to the pub
lie will must consent to the request
made by congress-which you have had
the goodness to transmit to me-and in
doing this 1 need mott cannot say
what a sacrifice of individual feeling ]
make to a sense of public duty.
With grateful acknowledgment and
unfeigned thanks for the personal re-
spect and evidences of coincidence ex-
pressed by congress, and yourself,
l remain, very respectfully,
,..s sir, lv
Your most obedieht &c humble i,
"ie, servant
MARTHA! WASHINGTON.
Now that Bar Harbor has succeeded
IN niitfinp an aud m rim selling roller
The Yale expositor., 1896-02-21

(The following lines were written on
the back Of a picture at Mount Ver-
non by Rev. William Day.)
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01
MKINLEY's OWN STATE.
Democrats Are Still Making a Claim
for Ohio.

CINCINNATI, O., Oct 31.-The Ohio
campaign closed tonight with I'M
usually large demonstrations in the
cities and in many parts of the rural
districts. There has been much speak,
ing ana much parading during the
canvass ana especially on the part Of
the Republicans in this state The
pilgrimages to Canton have done much
TO increase the interest. Before the
campaign closed tonight there was a
contest during the day between the
Republican and the Democratic organ
1zations as to how the returns should
be compared next Tuesday night. The
democrats wanted comparisons in the
vote for Bushnell and Campbell for
governor in '95, and the Republicans
With the vote for president in '92. A
compromise was secured by which
comparisons will be made, at least in
the returns of the larger cities. where
the polls close at 4 p. m, with the
vote Tor governor last year and also
with the vote for president in 49, But
when the returns come in fast at a
late hour Tuesday night those double
comparisons may be found impossible
and then comparisons will be made
only with the last presidential vote of
'92.
In 1892 the Harrison electoral ticket
carried Ohio by only 1000 and the
ticket had less votes than the highest
candidate on the Cleveland electoral
ticket so that one electoral vote of
Ohio out of it's % electors. was cast
for Cleveland and Stevenson. In 1893
Mckinley had a plurality Of over 80
600 for governor and in 1894 the Re-
publicans carried Ohio by over 1877 900.
Last year Bushnell (Rep) had a pIur-
ality of over $4,000 over Campbell
Oem) for governor.
If the vote had been compared with
that Of last year it would not be likely
to show gains for Mckinley in his own
state. If the vote is compared with
that of 1892 it is claimed there will be
large Republican gains in McKinley's
state, as the Republicans say they will
carry Ohio next Tuesday by the largest
plurality ever known except that Of
1894. The Democrats claim they have
an even chance in Ohio and that the
result will be even closer than at the
last presidential election with a proba-
bility on their advices of Bryan getting
the electoral vote. While 1t is claimed
that Mckinley will get larger vote in
the cities than the Republican ticket
has ever had in Ohio, the Democrats
state that the rural districts will more
than overcome these changes by the
Republican farmers voting the fusion
ticket. There are now nineteen Re
publican and only two Democratic
members of congress from Ohio and the
Democrats claim they will make gains
on congressman.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01
INDIANA PUT AS DOUBTFUL.
The Result Apparently Turns on the
National Democratic Vote.

INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, Oct. 31-The
campaign in Indiana closed today.
That the state is in doubt there is no
question and betting tonight is livelier
than 1t has been before. Chairman
Gowdy, Of the Republican committee.
today claimed the state by $4,000 with
ten congressman out Of thirteen "The
gold Democratic vote will be cast for
Mckinley" said he, land if I am cor
rect in this, Mckinley will carry the
state by 60,000.'
Chairman Martin, Of the Democratic
committee says the Democrats will
carry the state by from $4,000 to &C, 900.
There Is no way I can figure it, said
he tonight, "by which our majority will
be less than $4,000. We will certainly
carry the state and will elect nine con-
gressmen. In 1892 we carried the state
by over 1000 and in every county but
ten in the state we will gain an average
Of 400 votes over 1892. The farmers.
railroad men, union organizations and
silver Democrats will make this"
Chairman Rosenheimer, of the Popu-
list committee, figures the state for
Bryan by 1000 and says the Democrats
will get practically the whole of the
$4,000 Populist votes in the state.
Chairman Pickers, of the gold Demo-
cratic state committee, says the state
will go for Mckinley by 10000 or up
ward. He figures the normal vote as
equal in the state and says there will
be 10000 gold Democratic votes. The
most careful estimates tonight make
the state doubtful, neither side being
willing to bet on more than 5000
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01
THE SUNFLOWER STATE.
AS Usual Both Sides Laid Claim to

TOPEKA, Kan, Oct. 31-Today prac-
ideally. closed a most intense campaign
For the first time in a national election
the state has been considered a doubt
full one and both great political parties
have sent national speakers to capture
the electoral vote There are eight
tickets in the field, but it is safe to saw
that outside the Bryan and Mckinley
tickets the others will scarcely polI
10000 votes. The total vote Of the state
will probably be near 325, 900 and out of
this the Republican leaders claim d
plurality of ten or twelve thousand, and
the fusion silver leaders a plurality all
the way from $1,000 to 10000. Repub-
hcans claim their state ticket will run
ahead of their electoral ticket and the
fus1onists admit the fusion state ticket
will fall behind it's electoral ticket.
Chairman ]. Mack Love, of the silver
Democracy, claims the state for Bryan
by 10000 and says the silver people will
elect several congressman and capture
the state legislature. Chairman B. M
simpson, of the Republicans, claims
the state for Mckinley and the entire
state Republican ticket and all Of the
eight Republican congressman. Chair
man Breidenthal, Of the Peoples party
says Bryan electors will have a plural
ity of not less than $4,000; the state
ticket 10000 and both houses Of the
legislature will be fusion. Fusion in
Kansas is between the Peoples parry
and Democrats on a silver basis.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01
CAMPAIGN IS OVER
THE BITTER CONTEST BETWEEN
THE STANDARDS PRACTICALLY
AT AN END.
BOTH CLAIM THE VICTORY.
FINAL APPEAL TO THE VOTERS
ISSUED BY THE CAMPAIGN
MANAGERS.
MIR. JONES MAKES AN ADMISSION.
For the First Time He Puts Illinois
in the Doubtful COIumn-States
Sized Up.

CHICAGO, Oct 31.-The campaign
in the middle Western states for the
most part came to an end tonight. In
heat of the fight has been the round
ing up of the candidates was finished
this evening and the last speeches
were made. Both parties claim to be
sure of the result and express conf
dence that the count on Tuesday night
will show a large majority for their
man. The only change that has been
made in the estimates Of ,ither party
is the assertion of Chairman Jones that
Illinois is a doubtful state. He has
always claimed it heretofore as GER
tain for Bryan. Chairman Jones says
that Mr.. Bryan has at least 252 votes
in the electoral college, and that moth
ing can take them away from him.
Chairman Hanna is far more sweep
ing in his estimate of Maj. Mckinley
prospects, and says that the Ohio man
will have not less than 81 votes, and
others may come later.
Both chairmen issued today thei
last appeals to the people and say
that they have the victory already
won, and that all that remains to
clinch the matter is the counting of
the votes. In the matter of congress-
men, members of the state legislatures
and smaller offices on the tickets the
claims are Of the same nature
The campaign in the middle West
and particularly in the upper Missis-
sippi valley has been of the most de-
termined character on both sides, and
neither party has spared any effort to
win
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01
PECK CLAIMS WISCONSIN.
hut the Bryan Manager Has Not
Figures to Give Out.

MILWAUKEE,. Wis. Oct. 31.-The
campaign in Wisconsin practically
ended this evening, although a few
speeches will be made tomorrow by
Democrats and Populists, and on Mon
DAY evening one or two addresses by
Republican speakers. Republican ora
tors made 1000 speeches during Octo-
Der. while the fusionists had 208 speak
ers In the field. In Milwaukee twenty
to forty speeches were made nightly.
State Chairman Coe said tonight that
he was confident that the Republicans
would carry the state by $4,000, and
quoted figures by counties giving Nc
Kinley a plurality of 1.45O He claims
That the ten Wisconsin congressman
will be Republicans, and that but six
counties In the state will give plurali-
ties for Bryan. He also claims that
the legislature will be largely Repub-
hcan and that on joint ballot the Re-
publfcans will have about 40 of the
13S votes. State Chairman Peck claims
the state for Bryan, but gives no
figures. He also claims that three Of
the congressman to be chosen will be
Democratic. He makes no claims on
the legislature. Chairman Usher, of
the National Democratic party. saws
Palmer will receive 10000 votes in the
state
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01
FIGHT FOR ILLINOIS.
Campaign as Bitter as as Ever
Been Waged.


CHICAGO, Oct. 31.-The fight for H.
llnois that has been Waged by both of
the leading political parties, in the
campaign that is just closing, has been
one OF the hottest struggles ever known
in American politics. Both parties
have all along made sweeping claims
Of their ability to carry this state, bun
at the end the Republicans seem to be
more sanguine of success. Chairman
Hanna said today that he was sure
or this state for Mckinley by a ma
Jority rather over than under 100, 900,
While Chairman Jones, in his estimate
ton Of the result which he sent to the
press this evening, puts the state in the
doubtful column. This is more of q
concession than the Democracy has
made regarding the state at any time
since the opening of the campaign
The Democratic leaders have always
insisted that they would carry the
state by large majority, and after the
speeches of Mr.. Bryan in this city, dur
ing the last few days, they have ex-
pressed themselves as being very jubi-
liant over the outlook.
The fight on the national ticket has
to a large extent pushed the struggles
in the congressional districts into the
back ground, people generally being Of
the opinion that the congressman
would fare pretty much in the same
manner as the head Of the ticket upon
which they are running. The leaders
of the two parties have said they were
going to have all the congressman, but
have in most respects let them make
a good part of their contest alone The
congressman have in this campaign
been largely the tail Of the kite. The
Third Chicago district has been the
scene of hot fight, and the Repub-
licans admit that they are not over
sure of success there.
Clarence barrow, the Democratic
nominee, has made a strong campaign
and he has had all the aid that Gov
Altgeld can give him. Congressman
Belknap, his opponent on the Republi-
can ticket, is confident Of reelection,
but the fight is very close. A hot fight
has been going on also in the Second
district, but Congressman LorimeI
claims that he will go to Washington
again.
In the state at large the Republicans
claim nearly everything and the Demo-
cratic assertions are no less sweeping
The latter claim Heinrichsen Is sure Of
election and assert that they will have
a majoritv of the Illinois delegation
in congress the next session.
Claims on the legislature which will
elect United States senator are made
in the same general manner by both
parties, and nothing but the count of
the votes the night of Nov. will con-
vince either party that it has made any
mistake in the majorities of its candi-
Gates
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01

close of campaign of unparalleled In
terest, both the Republican and Demo-
cratic committees are claiming Michi-
gan by 35, 000 In Detroit the demon
STATIONS eliminated this afternoon III
a street parade in which upwards of
10000 men marched to display their en-
thusiasm for gold standard principles.
The silver campaign wound up tonight
In Detroit with big mass meeting In
'the auditorium addressed by state lead
ers of the fusion party.
The Republican state central commit
tee had made three separate canvasses
which they claim to have been very
thorough Their figures on the last
canvass, just completed, give them a
$4,000 lead, equal to per cent Of the
total registration of about 100000 The
earlier canvasses showed nearer 100000
although the exact figures had not
been announced. The Democrats made
no systematic canvass, but figured
their majoritieS by estimates made
from actua' canvasses of certain scat
tered localities. They also anticipate
the entire PopuliSt vote and a large
part Of the prohibition vote, the latter
being expected to approximately offset
the loss Of the gold standard Demo.
Gratis.
Split" tickets will be numerous
throughout the state. The Pingree
vote Tor governor is asserted to be an
uncertain factor, as some free silver,
republicans are expected to scratch
MIN and the railroads and many other
large corporate interests oppose him.
All things considered, Michigan is re-
garded as one of the closest states
politically in the Union, and only Tues
days events can prove whether this
hitherto strongly Republican state has
really declared for free silver The Re-
publican state committee officers de-
clare emphatically that they expect to
again sweep the state on congressman,
While the Democrats more modestly
claim at least six of the twelve repre-
sentatives. The gold Democrats have
no candidates nominated for congress
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1896-11-01

lions on both sides. In the afternoon
the gold STANDARD Democrats and Re-
publ1cans had parade in which at
least 1000 men took part, after which
a meeting was held at Music hall The
silver men held meeting at the place
tonight at which United States Senator
German and Daniel, Of Virginia, were
the principal speakers
There is wide divergence between
the claims of the chairmen of the OBJ
posing committees as to the result Of
next Tuesdays fight. Chairman Well
ington, of the Republican state com
mittee, insists that his party will get
not less than $4,000 majority in the
city and that they will carry the state
by at least $4,000, and that every con-
gresham, with the possible exception
OF Miles, in the First district will be
Republican and in favor of a gold
standard. On the other hand, Chair
man Hattersly w. Talbot, of the Demo-
cratic state committee, claims the state
by from 5000 to 10000, and thinks the
Democrats will certainly elect 8, and
possibly congressman.