New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-05-17

, IL N. "a, East This system was an invention
OF Sir William Thomson. called the rejecting gar
vanometer by which messages were read by mo
right and left reflections OF spot OF light upon
screen.
Tho method which has succeeded this In New
Work. "a tho one also invented by Sir William Thorn
son and IL called tho recording or syphon galVa-
nometer The manner In which this instrument 70
cords a message Is shown In the reproduction OF
sentence from the London letter In Tho Tribune
last Sunday:
Tn. instrument writes down on the tape the de-
Elections by means OF ink drawn from well and
spurted by a fine glass siphon tube attached to a
coil r,snended between powerful fixed magnets. and
which swings 10 the right left as the positive or
negative pulsatons pass through It, the record APP
pears upon the ribbon OF paper in the form OF a
straight limo when no signal Is passing put with
waves to the right or left when pulsatiohs pass
through the coll
Tho Morse alphabet OF telegraphic characters IL
used the dashes being represented by do"h"aru
strokes and the dots by upward lines
In the transmission OF messages 1t became neces-
sary to devise means TO overcome the emoarrass-
ment arising from electrostatic Induction In long
submarine cables. Special arrangements were de-
yised by Sir William Thomson. c. +. Narley ana
others without which II would scarcely BIO possible
TO transmit messages through cables with enectiVe-
ness. Two keys which when depressed transmit re-
spectiveiy positive and negative currents. are en-
nlov.d AT the sending station. In connection with a
battery of a few elements only The current OF the
battery does not pass directly into the cable, but
into a condenser OF considerable capacity. composed
~ tinfoil plates interlaced with paraffned paper
The condenser transmits wave OF electricity
through the cable. As there Is no actuai circuit
from ons terminus to the other, this arrangement
serves to cut off the earth currents, when would
otherwise be troublesome.
cpr,rD nj, TRA NSNISSION
The item Of speed In the transmission OF SUD-
marine messages Is OF special Importance, and IN
the work OF the Commercial cable at the time OF the
International yacht races the results were such as
to elicit this comment from THE Glasgow Evening
Times": 1.-The time occupied by our cablegram from
New-York TO Glasgow was thirty seconds; three
minutes only after Vigant had crossed the line.
The Commercial cables signalling Is erected by
means OF a simple instrument called a reversing
kev" consisting OF two light spring levers. crossed
at right angles above and below. by contac'-oearhs
re,aIlic bars The cable Is connected 10 one lever
and n ground wire to the other. while TO the TWO
tra bars are connected respectively the posi-
tive and negative poles OF battery or other soui
OF electric energy. ,.,. - ,or,,,,,o mi. NJ
the battery may be connected to the cable at VII VII
and currents Of either polarity caused 70 pass a
the cable and through the signalling COZ al tne , u .,
tent end to ground The signalling coz Issp1uh, , ~
these currents by rotating s axis 10 tne "a
left according TO the polarity OF the sisnan, O." :.
every movement Of the coll Is oy the ''pho" "