davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15

What is the worlds production of
potatoes ? FARMER.
The annals of agriculture fail to
show the case OF another staple the
use of which has Increased so enor.
mously since its discovery. The tu-
bers were carried to England by Sir
Walter Raleigh in 1886, though
there is reason TO believe that the
Spaniards introduced them into
Spain, and perhaps Italy also, before
this, but in about 800 years the cul-
tiyation of the plant has extended
all over the globe. Mulhall says that
IN 1887 the civilized countries of the
world produced 80,l80,0O0 tons, of
which amount the United States
contributed $5,060,OOO. Three hun
dred years msy seem long time, but
it is a very brief period for such
wide spread extension as this. Most
staple plants used for food have been
domesticated so long that the wild
species have become extinct or can
no longer be identified, but of the 900
species Of potato, nearly one-third
still grow in their wild state.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15

CANDY NUTs. Boil three cups of
graduated sugar and one cup of
water until it hardens when drop
ped into water, then flavor with
lemon. It must not boil after the
lemon is put in. Put a nut on the
end Of a fine knitting needle, dip it
in the candy, then take it out and
turn on the needle until it is cool.
Malaga, grapes and oranges quarter
ed may be candied in the same way.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15
QUESTION: and Answers.

Is not the present house of Hohen-
zollern the Oldest royal family in
Europe? GERMAN.
The Hohenzollerns trace their
origin back to a chief named Thas-
silio or Thassilo, who is said to have
built the castle of Hohenzollern
about the year 800. In l847 Freder-
lex of Nuremberg, his descendant,
was made Elector of Brandeburg,
and the prominence of the family
dates from this promotion. The
House of Hapsburg names as its
earliest ancestor of prominence
Count Werner, who it is said built
the castle of Hapsburg, in Switzer-
land, about 1899. These two royal
families are the oldest in Europe,
and compared with them the Car of
all the Russias, the King of Italy
and Greece are paryenues and up
starts. The reigning family of Eng
land, the Hanoyerians, is commonly
dated from George /, though it is
claimed that by a somewhat irregu-
lar descent Queen Victoria is OF the
family OF Alfred the Great.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15
INSURANCE OFFICE,
HERBERT Z. ALEXANDER.
Baker Buildiug, over Snodgrass'
Drug Store.
MARTlNsRuRG, w. VA.

/ represent the following oil, reliable
and well-kDown companies
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15
DIRECTIONS
for using
CREAM BAL NJ.

Apply a particle
Of the Balm up in
10 the nostrils.
After a moment
dra W trO N &
breath tn rough
I b e nose. Use
three times a day,
after meals pre-
ferred, and before
retiring.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15

Is it true that the cod is the most
prolific of fish ? What number of
eggs is the cod supposed to producer
NJ. B.
IF all the eggs produced by the
cod were hatched, and all the young
lish came to maturity, the oceans of
the world would, in the course of
two or three centuries, become one
vast wriggling mass of Goldfish. The
roe of the cod is so enormous, in
proportion to the size and weight of
the fish, as to be without parallel.
In many cases it almost equals one.
half the entire weight of the animal,
and estimates, made by counting
given weight of the eggs and then
weighing the remainder, have shown
that single roe sometimes contains
the stupendous number of 8,000,0 600
eggs. When these figures are borne
in mind, the fact that only a very
small number of the eggs, compare
lively speaking, are hatched, and
only few of the young fish come TO
maturity, is merciful provision of
nature to prevent the watery world
from being packed full of Goldfish.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15

sugar, one pint OF New Orleans mo-
lasses, quarter pound butter, quarter
pound grated chocolate, half cup
sweet cream. Try often by dropping
a little in cold water; when about
done add teaspoon Of vanilla. Pour
about quarter inch thick on creased
tins, and when nearly cool mark in
squares.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15

PLAIN TAFFY.--Three cups of
graduated sugar, two thirds cup of
water and one-third teaspoon OF
cream tartar. Boil all together with
out stirring when half done add a
teaspoon OF butter. When it will
snap it is done, and must then be
poured out on buttered plate to
cool. Be careful not to cook too
much. Pull until smooth and white
while pulling flavor with peppermint
and vanilla.
Martinsburg independent. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1875-1900, 1896-08-15
Homemade Candies.

BaowN-SuaAR CANDY.-Two cups
granulated sugar, one cup water and
half cup Of strong vinegar. Boil
half an hour; turn into a buttered
dish, and when cool pull until very
light colored.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

Cleveland Citizen Official organ
Cleveland Central Labor Union)-At q
regular meeting Of the Cleveland CO.,
Central Labor union, the committee on
legislation made the following report
"To the Republican Trades Unionists
OF the United States: Realizing that in
a few short months the union working
men Of this country will be again asked
to cast their ballots for president, we,
the delegates Of the organized laboring
people Of Cleveland, appeal to republi-
can wage workers, who have been re-
peatedly told by their party newspapers
and politicians that they must initiate
capital and organize If they would en-
Joy the benefits of a higher tariff, to de-
mand that the Hon. Marcus A. Hanna,
the principal manager Of William Nc
Kinley (who, it is stated, will be a
member of the latter's cabinet in case
he is elected, explain his attitude rela-
tive to labor organizations:
Il. Ask the Hon. M. A. Hanna If he
did not aid in destroying the Seamen's
unions of the lower lake regions and
then contribute to fund to send A. r.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11
Hot Shot for the Bond Brokers.

Monthly Journal Official organ of the
International Association of Machin-
ists)-Great and startling changes are
taking place; history is being made.
Party politics are all shaken up; party
lines are strained. Fealty to party and
advocacy of craftsmanship are giving
place to honesty Of purpose and devo-
ton to principle. The veil is rent;
workingmen see clearer than they ever
did before what forces have been at
work, what tactics are employed to
keep them in subjugation and to pre-
vent their emancipation. On the one
side is producing labor; on the other
side the money power, strongly in
trenched in official power by years Of
scheming and corruption, pulling and
straining for supremacy. Never be-
fore has the outlook been so cheering.
Government is to be founded on intelli-
gence and equality and not upon the
wishes of the plutocrats and their I'M
holy desires, that are sucking and
sapping the life blood Of our people.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

The advocates Of the present gold
standard are fond of asserting that
wages are higher in gold standard
countries than they are in bimetallic
countries. They quote the daily wages
paid in Brazil, Belgium, Denmark,
France, Germany, Italy, Holland.
Great Britain, Argentina, Norway and
Sweden, Spain, Turkey, Portugal,
Canada, Switzerland, Venezuela, United
States, Chilli and Australasia, all gold
standard countries, as against Austria,
China, Russia, Central America, Per-
STA. Peru, Uruguay, Mexico, Colombia.
Japan, India and Ecuador-all silver
standard countries. 1t will be noticed
that not one of the countries named are
on bimetallic system, except it be the
United States the figures are for the
year 1890, when this country was on
a partial bimetallic basis which they
nevertheless put in the gold standard
column. Today all the countries named
have either a single silver standard or
a single gold standard. Not one of
them has a financial system like the
United States had up to 1878, and, in
a measure, from that time to 1893,
when the Sherman law was repealed
by a forced panic and under which
wages advanced so much. A single
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

Rumsey, his scab procurer, ON a pleas
ure trip around the world.
"2. Ask Major McKinley's bosom
friend the Hon. M. A. Hanna, II he
has not taken prominent part In
wrecking the Mine Workers unions Of
Pennsylvania.
"3. Ask this tremendous political gen.
eral, who feeces his workingmen with
one hand and spends money lavishly
with the other to purchase presi-
dency, the Hon. Mark A. Hanna, II he
did not destroy the union of his street
railway employees and positively refuse
to allow them to organize.
~. Ask the great President Maker
Hanna II he did not say to the striking
employees of the Globe shipyard that
$1.30 per day was sufficient for them
(when competitors were paying more).
but II they would vote for Mckinley he
would favor paying $1.05 a day.
"5. Ask the unselfish Hanna If he is
not at this moment erecting mansion
for his son and employing scab labor
and disregarding the wage rate and
eight-hour day of the building trades.
&c. Finally, ask Mr.. Hanna, before
his candidate is given the nomination
for the highest honor in the land, II
destroying workingmen's unions and
paying pauper wages for long hours Of
toll is his Interpretation Of protection
to American labor and prosperity and
patriotism"
On motion the resolution was adopt
ed and the secretary instructed to for
ward it to the chairman of the Ma
tional Republican committee. ="
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11
: LABOR'S WAGES AND MONOMETALL|SM. :
iilllllllllll

silver standard is almost as bad rs
single gold standard. The one virtue
Of silver monometallism over gold Is
that it keeps the forces of production
at work. There is practically no I'M
employed in the silver countries. A
third of the forces of production IN the
gold countries are idle at the present
time.
And again 1t is organized labor that
keeps wages up in every country. La
Dor is thoroughly organized in nearly
all of the gold standard countries. In
the silver countries 1t is not. All OF
the gold countries named have hereto
fore been bimetallic countries. The
silver countries have always been
monometallic. Wages thrive under the
bimetallic system. Wages go down
under the monometallic system-be 1t
gold or silver. This country is now on
a gold monometallc system and has
been since 1893. Wages have gone
down 80 per cent. since then. The
daily pay of workmen in the United
States in 1899 was $4,000, 900; today 1t
is about $S,OO0,O0O. We want to get
back to the bimetallic system, not more
ly as it partly existed prior to 1898, but
as 1t wholly existed prior to 1873. Then
wages will go up.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

st. Louis Republic: In the same COL
umn republican organ tells the work
ingman that If he votes for Bryan he
will vote AZ per cent of his wages into
the pockets Of mine owners, and that
he will vote to depreciate not only the
silver dollar, but all the currency to SO
cents on the dollar. How in the name
Of Hanna can free silver coinage put
At per cent Of each dollar coined into
the pocket of the silver miner and at
the same time reduce the value Of the
silver dollar and all the currency de-
pendent upon 1t to the value Of So
cents? Any schoolboy can figure out
that If the value Of the silver dollar
depreciates to SO cents, or anything less
than its face value the miner can not
make Al cents by its free coinage at the
mints. Or, to put 1t the other way, II
the miner makes At cents, the value
Of the silver dollar will have to be
raised to the value Of the present gold
dollar, in which case there will be no
depreciation Of the currency. The gold
standard advocate can take his choice
Of alternatives, but not both. This is
a fair sample of the kind of logic with
which Hanna's agents are flooding the
country. 1t proceeds on the assump-
ton that the workingmen are fools.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11
OBADIAH POORDEVIL
GOES TO CHURCH BUT THEY
DON'T ASK HIM TO PRAY.
yowever. the Spirit Moves Him and He
sPours Out HIS Soul I'm Meetln"-
Ono of W. 8. Morgsn's Newest
Characters.

Obadiah Poordevil was on hand at
church again last Sunday, but neither
Deacon Skinnint nor Twentypercent IN
vited him to lead In prayer. But Oba-
diah, having once begun, now felt 1t his
duty to keep 1t up. Taking advantage
Of temporary lull in the exercises he
said, LET us pray" OF course there
was no way to shut him off, so they all
knelt and Obadiah made the following
prayer:
20, Lord, know old Skinfint and
Twentypercent don't want me to pray
any more, but 1 can't help 1t. They
told me last month that you would put
words in my mouth, and o, Lord, when
you do it can't hold 'em. o, Lord, I
want to know what I was made for?
Why did you make me the same shape
as old Deacon Skinflint, and he don't
work and do? o, Lord, did you in
tend for us all to work, or not? If you
didn't, why did you give us all hands?
If you didn't intend us all to work,
why didn't you make them that
you didn't intend to work without
any mouths and with hair on so they
wouldn't eat up and wear out what us
workers produced? If you intended
for us all to work, why do you let them
dodge it?
o, Lord. 1t may be because 1 am ig-
rorant, but l can't understand. You
made the earth for the people but
can't git any of it while old Twentyper-
cent has got enough for a dozen famil-
les. Did you intend for him to gobble
up more than his share? If you didn't
why don't you snatch him bald-headed?
o, Lord, 1t seems the world is turned
upside down, anyway.
And, now, o, Lord, If have to keep
on Shaving for old Twentypercent I
want you to send me down a wagon
load of grace, for l can't hardly stand
1t. want you to help me to understand
everything on this earth, and If it's
right help me to bear my share Of the
burdens and as much of old Twenty
percents share as he makes me bear.
Now, o, Lord, you know what there
Is to do here that l can't do. haint
askin' you to do anything I can do, but
Just give me a whole lot of grace to
help me put in my best ticks. If you
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

The noblest position a public man
can now assume is friend to the COM
mon people.
Thos. Jefferson dictated the inscrip-
ton to be placed on his tomb before
ne died.
He said he wanted it stated on his
monument that he was the author of
the declaration Of independence and
founder of the University of Virginia.
A grander inscription for the monu-
ment Of dead statesman would be,
He was the friend of the common
people,"
This inscription would be a good one,
and worthy to mark the last resting
place Of any man the world has called
good and great.
A man, to be friend to the COM
mon people, must possess rare traits of
character and nobleness of mind. No
grander conception can be made of a
truly great man than that he was the
friend of the common people.
The world has produced many great,
wise and good men, but there is niche
yet for the man who possesses the
transcendent nobleness of character to
be indeal and in truth the friend Of
the common people.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11
Demonetizing Silver.

l will take it on myself to answer
Mr.. Edward Helliwell, who inquiries
about what is meant when it is assert
ed that silver has been "demonetized."
His letter, published in the Record
Aug. 6, refers to two objections often
stated, as he says, which he gives as
follows: l. 1--WE were not using any
silver in 1878, and therefore silver
could not have been demonetized." 2.
1--WE are using more silver money than
ever before in our history"
1t is technical word. One might
say the silver coin now has no indie
pendent purchasing power, whereas
once with us all the silver coin of the
United States did have such independ-
emit purchasing power, and from 1858
to 1873 the silver dollar possessed 1t,
while the fractional silver coin did not.
The Independent purchasing power Of
the fractional silver coin was taken
away in 1858 and that of the silver dol
lar in changes that occurred from 1873
to 1878. That is "demonetizing." The
chasing power of any of the precious
metal coinage by law is the "demone-
thing" Of such coin. While we did not
actually use the silver or gold coin as
part of the volume Of the circulating
medium in 1873 the law permitted the
gold coin and the silver dollar to be
carried on Independent purchasing
power, and after that this privilege was
taben from the silver dollar. While
the silver coin now has the same pur-
chasing power as gold coin it is so be-
cause they are in the volume of the
circulating medium as the solvent rep
resentation Of the gold coin. The sill
yer coin changes purchasing power
with the change Of the gold coin. and
not with the change Of silver bullion.
1t may then be true that in 1873 we were
not using the silver coin in our vol
ume Of the circulating medium, and yet
the silver dollar was privileged to be
coined and used on its own purchasing
power, but after 1878 it could only be
used as the solvent or insolvent repre-
sentation OF gold coin. The silver dol
lar was restored in everything but its
independent purchasing power in 1878.
The silver dollar therefore remained
"demonetized."
Nor does 1t make any difference about
the volume Of silver coin, for be the
issue few or many, the question involv-
ing the "demonetizing" of precious
metal coinage is whether or not
it is issued on Independent CT
dependent purchasing power. Pur-
chasing power alone is STANDARD of
prices" and any money to perform the
office of standard of prices" must
have sufficient independence of pur-
chasing power to fill this office. Sol
vent representative money never has
any purchasing power of it's own, and
therefore can only be subordinate
money and is "demonetized. "-Ebene-
ger Wakeley in Chicago Record.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11
TO Cypress LABOR.
Aldrich's Committee Misr epressnts the
Facts.

Aldrich's Committee Misr epressnts ths
Facts.
New York Journal: What are these
statistics in which such constant ap-
peals are made, and for which men are
asked to distrust their common sense
and common observation? Fortunate
ly, this question may be briefly answer
ed, because all these labor sympathi-
GERS refer to the same set of statistics
the only set in the world that would
answer their purpose. 1t is the report
made by Senator Aldrich of Rhode Is
land to the senate finance committee in
1893.
Those who know nothing about the
wages accepted the committees sum-
mary, but others looked to see in what
industries this astonishing rise in
wages had taken place. They found
that upon "books and newspapers"
wages had fallen since 1873; in the
building trades" they had fallen; in
"city public works" they had fallen; in
cotton goods they had fallen, but that
in "dry goods" where the greatest fall
was expected, wages were reported to
bave risen over 40 per cent!
Turning to the employers reports in
another volume to learn where the
wages Of clerks had been rising at such
a phenomenal rate, 1t was found that
but single dry goods store, up in New
Hampshire, had made return. Less
than twenty clerks were employed by
1t, and yet the Aldrich committee as
sumed that all clerks throughout the
country had had similar advance in
wages. AS clerks are more numerous
than cotton operative, for example, a
rise Of 40-odd per cent in the wages Of
a score Of clerks was made to Offset
fall OF about one-sixth in the wages Of
over a thousand cotton operatives and
leave a handsome balance to be applied
to other industries as needed. Other
methods likewise extraordinary were
used by the committee, such as the
separation Of the foremen from the
hands, and the making rise in fore
mans wages offset fall in the wages
Of score of men under him. BY these
means the desired results were secured.
What the employers returns really
showed was something very different,
according to an independent investi-
gator, who went over the returns few
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

months ago. The summary for all the
persons employed in all the industries
covered was as follows:
Average Average
Aggregate daily daily
NJ, Persons wages wages wage,
J. Dass 1897 EnpSgsd ssgss cnIssnssy sSd
January, 1881 ..7.7e5 1928 100 i.es
In other words, between 1860 and
1878, under bimetallism, gold wages
rose SO per cent in thirteen years; be-
tween 1873 and 1891, under the incom-
plete monometallism, gold wages in the
most favored establishments fell per
cent.
Since 1898, under complete monomet-
allism, the decline in wages has been
at much more rapid rate. In Massa-
chusetts the labor report for 1894 show
ed that in two years the nominal rate
Of wages in the factories of the state
had fallen 7 per cent and that even this
lower rate was received by fewer hands,
working fewer days. Wage-e arners who
do not know the statistics know the
facts from hard experience, and those
who depend upon statistics to persuade
the wage-earners to take the side OF
money lenders and tighten their grip
upon the industry Of the country have
difficult task before them.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

The governmental partnership that Is
in existence with the powers that be
and the favored classes, is about to be
broken; the people have come to the
realization of the fact that all must
have equal recognition before the law;
that all must share in the prosperity,
that thought, Drawn and muscles have
created, and that all are entitled to
equal liberty and opportunity.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

put words in my mouth that hurts old
Skinflint's and Twentypercent's feel
ms, can't help it. If you want me
to wipe up the ground with them all
you've got to do is just to say the
word, like you did to Joshua about all
Of them different kind Of cites" that
were up at Jericho ard Gilgal and other
towns, where think old Twentyper-
cents ancestors came from.
o, Lord, this is enough for today; I'll
hit 'em again some other time. Amen.
w. S. MORGAN.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

Those Republican papers that have
been roasting Cleveland for his goldite
financial policy can now with the same
consistency roast Mckinley, but 1t is
a noticeable fact that they do nothing
Of the kind. If there is any difference
between the policy announced by Nc
Kinley and that pursued by Cleveland,
people would like to know what that
difference is.-Wood River News Miner,
HALEY, Idaho.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

sruction Of silver nlse3?
nearly
been employment
Victims The houses
die
affairs continued?
deshow mckinley
and
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11
Puts 1t. Foot In 1t Every pav.

Chicago Tribune, today: This silver
agitation is all in the interests of the
silver miners. They want to make fifty
cents worth Of silver worth a dollar,
Chicago Tribune, yesterday: The
value of silver cannot be increased by
unlimited coinage.
Query-If the value of silver cannot
be increased by free coinage, how is
free silver going to benefit the silver
miners?
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

Except in the Ottoman empire, Per
STA, Arabia, Siam, China and the in
terror of African countries, slavery is
now extinct.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1896-09-11

A.-Far from it; the intelligent and
conscientious free-silver advocates have
solely in view the prosperity Of the
nation.