davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
OREGON ELECTION.
The ropulists Elect Nanderburg to Con-
gress in the First District.

The populists Elect NanderburS to CON-
gress in the First District.
PORTLAND, Or, Juno 5.-According to
the latest returns the Populists have elect
cd c. ID. Vandcrburg, congressman in The
First district and Martin Quinn in the
second district. The vote in the FIRST
district is complete with the exception oil
Curry county, and gives Nanderburg a
nlurnlity of ~. Curry county is expected
to give Republican plurality ot about
100. making Nandcrburg's plurality about
500 i'm the district. In the Second district
Quinn has i63 plurality over Ellis he
rublican, with Grant Harvey and Nal
hour counties yet to hear from. IwoyearS
AGO Grant county gave IA 300 Republican
plurnlitv: Malhcur, 90 Republican, ana
Harncy 80 Democratic.
If a similar vote was cast Monday III
these counties Quinn would still have lW
plurnlty The Republicans control botn
branches of the legislature and have =
minority on joint ballot
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
sparring Match Declared oT.

NEW YORK, juno 5.-Thcre will he no
sparring exhibition by Frank j. Slavin
and Peter Mahcr in Long Island City
Friday night, the date to which the bout
was postponed on account of the intcrier-
cnce of the clergy and Others last week.
This decision is announced 10y the mana
gers of the Empire Athletic club, who
who have withdrawn the applica-
ton for an injunction To restrain the
sheriff of Queens county from interfering
with the proposed exhibition The reason
for this action is that there is not sufficient
time i'm which to reach decision in the
courts before the date set for the cxhibi.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
T,stlmonv i'm the Willing Trial.

NEWPORT. Ky, June 5-Ihe most i'm
portant testimony i'm the Walli6g trial yet
given was that of Ed Anthony, news
paper reporter, who said that Walling told
him i'm an interview in which he repre-
scntcd himself To Walling to be dctcc
tive. that jackson had said To him (Wall'
ing. Immediately after the Christmas va
cation that he intended to bring Pearl
BRYAN here and kill her. When asked II
he had told Pearl Bryan of this threat he
answered that he did not, and that he
would not do 80 on account of his TREND
ship for jackson. A motion to rule thi'
testimony out is pending
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
ANGRY AT PiNGREE.
,Ic Failed to Address High school Gradu-
ntes mt Norcnci. Mich,

He Failed tO tuNEtNN
ates at Morcnci, Mich.
MoEENcI. June 5.-Mayor Pingrce' VINO
was 10 address the graduates OF the hlgh
school Wednesday night, failed to come
hut sent cx Representative Lodge oil DC
troit in his stead For the last ten days
pingree's autographs have adorned all the
rromincnt store windows in town his
coming had been widely advertised ana
thr whole house had been sold at good
nriccs. Consequently his dcclina'ioh
caused great indignation 49,.
I'm his declination Mr.. Pingrec teic
,,rophcd that important inunclpal puSi
ncss and i'll health compelled him TO re
main in the city. He sent n letter hllSo
with tafTy for the graduates Nhen th'
citizcns saw by the morning papers ina,
hc smoke i'm Hillsdale they were hot cica'
thrnurh Every lithograph OF him II
Town is turned upside down, with mottoe
nudnrncoth them: "Pingrce falsliier,
"pinprcc turned down
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
General synod Reform Church.

CATsKILL. y Y. June 5.-lhe second
DAYS session of the general synod of tho
Reformed church began Thursday morn
ing with an increased attendance hev
Paul /. Schwclkc of the class Is oi lill
nois, the informality of whose credentials
caused n protractcd discussion, was finally
voted privileges of the lloor Mr. Scgii
of Japan was granted like privll leges
The rcadng of reports occupied the n
moindcr of the morning session.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
SHOT THEIR FATHER.
Troubles OF Divided Family May Resui
In Murder.


CLAY CENTER, Kan June 5.-John Me-
coys two sons, Robert and Angus, shot
and probably fatally wounded their In
ther, farmer. The boys then rode To
town and gave themselves up and are now
in Jail One year ago the parents wero
divorced Later, the father shot at his
wife through window, and was after.
ward tried and acquitted on the ground OF
insanity
Lately the boys have been carrying re-
volvers. with the knowledge of the coun-
" attorney, for the express purpose OF de
tending themselves If attacked by their
father. Tuesday night the old man took a
horse from the home place, where the
mother and children We're living The
boys recovered the horse from the place
where their father was stopping. The lat
ter secured another horse and followed.
The boys opened firc and one bullet passed
through the fathers lung, lodging near
the backbone Doctors say he cannot
live
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
PoIsoN i'm THE COFFEE.
HiFed Ma,IonSae Farm Suspected Of the
~ rhine.


rst rinc.
HoOPEsToN, Ills, june 5.-The family
of NJ. Notwithstanding of Mr.. Me
Dewitt, his daughter Lizzie, and hired
man of Claytonvillc--were poisoned
Wednesday morning at breakfast from
coffee into which had been put arsenic by
some enemy. Essic Lccper, niece OF
McDevitt, was also at the table, but she
docs not use coffee and was saved from
the experience of the others. Physicians
worked over the family all day, and in
the afternoon Mr. McDcvitt and the hired
man were pronounced out of danger, but
Miss McDeyitt, it is thought, WI not re
cover
William Strally is suspected Of the
crime. He has worked for McDcvitt ON
the farm for two years. He had sought
Miss LiZzie's hand in marriage, and, being
refused, he left threatening the lives of the
family A few weeks ago dynamite was
found under McDevitt's barn. so placed as
to cause terrible wreck had IL not been
discovered. Strally was suspectcd OF this
trick He was arrested at Upton and
identified by Hoopeston parties. The eNi
dencc against him is circumstnntial.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
SET DOGS UPON HIS WIFE.
brutal Act of Man Named Kelly al
Chicago.


CHICAGO, June 5.-Mr. and Mrs. Kelly,
who live at IL East Twentieth street, had
a quarrel Wednesday night In barn
owned by Kelly in the rear of y Twenty
second street. From words Mr. Kelly
driftcd To blows After hc had knocked
his wife down he turned loose two large
and vicious bulldogs and set them ON the
prostrate woman. They attacked her and
bit her face in horrible manner Her
screams attracted the attention of passers-
by, who at first were deferred from inter
fcring by the furious briltes.
Seeing. however, that delay might mean
death two men seized pitchforks and CLUBS
and drove them away. The police were
notified. but before they arrived Kelly hao
made his escape. The woman was taker
TO "A drug store, where doctor dressed hcl
wounds, after which she was taken home
The doctor says her face will he dishgure'
for life and she may lose the sight OF on
| RXp
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
seated the CoIorcd Man.

WASHINGTON. June 5.-The house by IA
vote of l53 To 33 Thursday seated George
w. Murray, a colorcd man, who has been
contcsting the scat Of Mr.. Elliott, Demo
crat. from the Black or Shocstring dis'
trict of south Carolina. Party lines Were
strictly drawn. save that of Parker, Re
publican. of New Jersey, who voted IN Ia
vor of Elliott. Mr.. Murray was escorted
10 the bar and sworn in amid vociierou'
Ronuhlicnn cheers
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
s...,,y .Ius,,ce in Missouri.

AVA. June 5.-Edward Perry the Saw
vcr family murderer, has been sentenced
IN hang July 81 This breaks the record
in Missouri for speedy justice The dis
coycry of the crime, the murder of saw,
yer. his wife and son and the arrest. triai
and conviction of one of the murdcrcrs
covered only ten days.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
OFF FOR GRAY GABLES.
Mrs. President Cleveland and the Children
Leave Washington.


WASHINGTON. June 5.-Mrs Cleveland
and her children left Washington Thurs
day over the Pennsylvania for the presi-
dents summer home at Gray Gables on
Buzzards hay. With her was Mrs Olncy
and Mrs Minot, and the children of the
latter, with maids The party will go di-
rect to Massachusetts, without change, the
car being transferred by ferry at Jersey
City. Mrs. Olney and her daughter
will accompany Mrs. Cleveland almost
TO their destination, branching near the
end of the route To go to their own home
at Falmouth. The president will join
Mrs Cleveland at Gray Gables soon after
the adjournment of congress and his
private secretary, Mr.. Thurbcr, will again
take up his residence with his family near
by AT Marion. Secretary Olney Will not
leave the city for at least month yet,
owing to the many matters of business re-
| quiring his personal attention just now In
| the state department.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

NLw YORK. June 5.--The Cuban Junta
has received information that the Three
Friends" schooner, and the "Laurado,
Steamer. have landed in Cuba arms for IN q
rebels sent from the United States. Tho
carpoes included six twclyepound guns
and over 100000 cartridges The steam
shin "Ancrly." loaded here with powder
and dynamite. has cleared and Is probably
l.,upd for Cuha
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
Mob. Work at Milwaukee.

Muw AuKEE. June "a mob assembled
"Wednesday night on National avenue, n
short distance west of the city limits and
placcd number of rails and other OBJ
structions across the street railway tracks.
Three cars were blockaded and stoned
Every window in them was broken ana
the six motormen and conductors received
injuries. They had to run for their lives
bcforc escaping to place of refuge
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

WASHINGTON, June 5.-The president
has approved the acts repeating the clause
of the Wilson tariff act excmpting from
tax alcohol used in the arts; amending
section 3. 25j revised statutes so as to IN
cludc oranges, apricots, berries and prune'
in the list of fruits that may he distilled
into brandy under its terms. The bil
granting a pension to the widow OF Brevc
Major General Thomas Ewing has become
"A law without signature.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

WASHINGTON June THE house com
mittce on ways and means by vote OF ID
To ? Thursday decided to report the SEN
ate bond bill adversely. There was little
discussion of the resolution. republicans
spoke of IL n "a Populist measure. Grosve
nor made the motion for nm adverse re-
port. which was carried after Wheeler :
motion for favorable report had been
voted down. Chairman Dngley has pre-
parcd the majority report and Wheeler
will make one for tie minority
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

PHILADELPHIA. june 1.-Two fatalities
attended fire which broke out In North
sixth street tenement house Occupants
of the third floor being cut OF rom s'"le
hy the stairway Mrs. Mary Emmett az"
Mrs. sullivan jumped from wihuoW ."
the street the first named being killed
outright. while Mrs sullivan was so badly
injured thnt death resulted during the
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
r,;nt Cla.. Men in Conference.

.PIrrsBURG, June 5.-The preliminary
conference on the chimney branch of the
American Flint Glass Workers union
scale was held yesterday. The committee
asks the manufacturers to concedc "a III
pcr cent. advance on certain lines for the
gnthcrcrs. The respective demands OF the
manufacturers and workers Will be SUB
mitted tn the national convention oi the
order i'm Alton, Ills, early next month.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
Organ or rrrnchcr Mnst Go.

TOPEKA, Kan. June 5.-Ihe congrega-
ton of the Christian church of Florence,
Kan. will have To remove the organ from
their church before next sunday or get u
new preacher. Rev David Hilton oil
strong City, who has been preaching for
the Florence people served notice on them
Thursday to this effect lie says musical
Instruments are inventions of the devil,
and that he will not again darken the
Florcnce church door until the organ Is
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

DUBLIN. June 5.-Thc police here have
made an extraordinary discovery oil mili-
tary rifles, bayoncts and ammunition
This war material was found Tuesday
evening i'm house In lower Tyrone street.
But ali the articles are out of date ana ap-
pear TO have been hidden there Tor q con
adorable time.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
ColIision on the Rail

MEMPHIS, juno 5.-Vcstibule limited
I'm No of the Chesapeake, Ohio and
southwestern railroad from Cincinnati
and Louisville for New Orleans wa Mem
nhis M collidcd with freight train al
Wingo. Win Nv, at an early hour THURSDAY
,'nrning. completely wrecking both en-
l,'U, Zines and killing Fireman Ed Dean anc
E,lIo ,l'.o.t packcr. "A tramp of jackson, Tenn
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
.,o,b.r Man who Isn't Missing.

LANCASTER. Pa. June 5.-William
Kcgcl. formerly of this city, whose name
was included among the missing -. Louis
Storm victims. is alive and well il'
housc was destroyed but he and his tanl
IL c>gunc1
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
,n,,,s, Correspondent Bounced.

WArERrowN, y. Y, June 5.-John a
Finnigan, the special correspondent OF the
Watcrtown standard in the island oi
Cuba. has been expelled by Captain-Gcn
ernl Wcylcr Finnigan had been in Cuba
since April He was twice arrested and
sent back to Havana Last week he left
the city contrary to the orders of the au
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
,.,orn.,,ona, Arbitration Conferences.

MoHoNK LAKE, y. V, June 5.-The In
ternational Arbitration conference opened
a threedays' session here yesterday EX'
senator Edmunds presided and about l3o
representative men and women are IN at
tendance The general subject under dis
cussion is the best means OF securing a
permanent court of arbitration to deter
mine questions in dispute between nations
and especially between the United states
and Great Britain
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

1oxpox June 5.-NIrs. Edwin Henry
King. formerly of Montreal, oon"ua Ia, VINO m
dicd at Monte Carlo in April mas DC,
u"~ '"aa,hcd esoOO0 to TIE Montreal General
gue,I g,'i'aI eloNo 10 McGill university ana
n",is, ~ dno ~ the Ladies' Benevolent Society
- Montreal.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

CoArsyILLE. Ind, June 5.-John
Wright, a resident of Fillmore five miles
west of here. was run over by Nandalia
train "Wednesday night. He was drunk
ond fcll across the track with his head ly-
inc ON the track. His head was severed
f.,,,, his bonV
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
,hi.f CI,rk or Pension bureau.

WASHINGTON. June 5-Joseph NJ. Me
Coy of West Virginia has been appointed
chief clerk of the pension bureau To sue
cecd Charles 4 Mckeevitc OF New YORK,
resigned. MIR. Mccoy has held number
of offices i'm the bureau and lately mas
hrcn assistant chief Of the board of review
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

MILw AuKEE, June 5.-An eyear-old soa
of Henry Acklem was torn to pieces by
two bulldogs while returning from school
wednesday evening. A companion who
escnpcd from the beasts reported the tact
and directed the party which recovered the
.t,,-
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
,.,nd entity of "BoodIing."

pyoptA Ills. June 5-Simon Schaucr
Of Chicago was found guilty at . oiocn =,
Thursday afternoon of "boodling IN
ln"i moction with a bill introduced In the
Io,, ,al, LEGISLATURE affecting Peoria dis,iillne
i",,r,tts ias' !" motion for new trial was
.,,crpd nt once.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
u,,k !, Missouri, Assigns.

JACKSONVILLE. June 5,-The Farmers
Deposit Bank, oi Creighton, has Ned an
assignment In tho recorders office, trans
ferring all it's property to John VI Zoe
assipucc for the benefit of its creditors.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

MINNEAroLIs, June 6-The Edison
building, one Of the highest and best
buildings in the city, supposed to bc hte
nroof caught fire last night and was dam
nged about $4,000.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

PRETORIA. Juno 5-The Orange Free
State has declined to entertain DR. leyd
pronosnls for joint aggressive action
against English and French interests hut
il has agreed to combine with the Trans
yaal to resist any wanron attack on the
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
Sail, :, the Tr,,.ynai Council.

LoxpoN. June 5.--Thc Times Cape
Town correspondent says The split IN
the pre.oria cxscu,.yc o3aacn Is Becoming
moro acute. secretary of state Leyds and
Vice President .Joubcrt oppose President
Kruger who favors reforms
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
1nn.lra nnn Cnr nnd knIca.

RocKLNNp. Ne June > -Gc"rge das
kcll. employed AZ driver IN MAIN cir
Gus. was knocked from the top m c'''
while passing beneath a bridge ut ihom
aston and instantly kiilcd,
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
o,,y Two New Eati'eships.

w,suxGrox. juno BY vote OF u !,
oo ,hc senate has il sisted on lts amehu'
10 o. ',' ,,a naval ill reducing the mum
,nr" NV Of bottlcships from four to Two IAN
OCT 'rSc W. senate passed the n'lrd cheese pu'
by a vote OF ~ io 10
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
Delegates at Large.

The committee on resolutions made its
report which was adopted with much en-
thusiusm. \ minority report was offered
but defeated. Blackburn, Hardin, Rhea
and Ellis were elected delegates at large
and Nelson. Carroll Hallam and Roch-
we'll altcrnatcs. all by acclamation. j. Z.
Tarvv and W b smith were nominated
rs electors at large by acclamation. Ma
polcon Hayc, and Charles Walton were
nominated for assistant electors at Large.
A free silver greeting was read from the
Virginia state Democratic convention.
Pending consideration of resolutions o;
thanks to Democratic free silver press the
convention ad iuurned.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

CATsKIIi. y ". June 5.-The ninctict'
session OF the general synod OF the he
formed church i'm America began YESTERDAY
afternoon i'm the Catskill Reformed church
There are l39 delegates in Attendance
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
Eirc NJ Minneapolis.

MINNEAPoIIs. June b.-Thc fire eor'y
Thursday morning in the Edison building
was extinguishod with loss OF SSooo on
the building and $4,000 ON the contents
ali fnllv covered hy insurance.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
TRIAL or MRS. FLEMING.
Professor Nett, an Expert Cheinisi, OF
the stand All Hay.

Wv FhhhA stii sf'ss
NEW YORK, Juno 5.--rhc material evil
dencc introduced in the trial of Mrs.
Fleming Thursday was that showing the
find of a large quantity Of arsenic and an
timony i'm The contents of Mrs Bliss
stomach Professor Henry A. Mott, the
expert chemist, was ON the stand all day
long. 1t is probable that no witness was
ever so hampcred by an opposing lawyer.
From the beginhing Co the end Lawyer
Brooks, the DEF .dant's counsel, raised
objections, fout ing them with long ar
guments. A arprc intervals Professor
Mott was pernNttsl to linssh IA sentence
Late in the NJ 5fpoon there was intro
duced into this niol, which shan decide
the right of Woman To live, an element
which appro phed dangerously near Ia
butIoonery. IN the 'squabbling, the har-
assing of the. Witness, the woman about
whom this grstesiuc proceeding INVOLVES
was lost sight o. She sat in her chair
with little movement and pallid face until
the heat brought a flush there. When Mr.
Brooks made efforts mt humor, efforts
which drew upon him the added displcas
urc of the court, Mrs. Fleming and hei
sister laughed
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
Yacht Meteor Wins,

roNpoN. June The Meteor won ~
race for big yachts i'm the regatta of the
Royal London Yacht cluts. Britannia
was second
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
THO nrooIlyn Handicap.

GpAvEsEND, June 5.-Thc Brooklyn
handicap az milcs) was won Thursday
Inv Sir Walter, Clifford second, and ~
Maxim third; time, 2Vo1s'
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

The committee on credentials reported.
The report gave the silver men forty votes
more than they cast "Wednesday for Bron-
ston for temporary chairman. \ long dis
cuSSion cnSucd on that part Of the major
ity report unScating the gold delegate"
from Louisville, Colonel II. NJ. Stone lead
ing for gold and q. 4. Finn for silver. In
tcrruptons and disorder protractcd the
consideration of the report. The last ef-
fort of the Louisville delegates was to de-
mand IA call of the 419 counties on the
adoption OF the ma iority report.
The majority report ON credentials was
adopted; yeas 67S, nays 2ll Some coun-
ties did not vote, whcrcupon the dele
gates from the Forty-cigth legislative dis
trict at Louisville retired G. X. Wheeler
of Paducah was then introduced as the
permanent chairman and addressed the
convention
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05
KENTUCKY DENOcRATS
Free Silver Delegates Seated in
the Convention.
SOUND MONEY MEN TURNED DOWN.

'"'"nel Hrcckinridge aud Chairman Long
the Only Gold Advocates Allowed to
spoak-The Delegates at Large to the
Nhti"nal Convention -- Populists Elect
Two 'onSressmen ia Oregon n-Republic-
ans Control the Legislature.
LEXINGTON, June 5.-The Democratic
state convention rcasscmblcd at 0:3O
thursday morning 1t was after l0:30 be.
l're committees could report, the one on
credentials having been in session contlnu-
Gus all night Senator Blackburn was
accorded a rou-jng ovation on entering
the hall The committee on permanent
organization reported complete rcorgan-
llation of county committees as well as
state organization. silver men being put
IN charge, with Major r. p Johnston Of
Lexington chairman of both state, eXecu-
i've ana central committees. This re-
moves state headquarters from Louisville
ridge, after being repeatedly called for,
had the distinction of being the only gold
standard man to address the convention
except Chairman Long, in what was
called Wednesday his farewell address
Colonel Breckinridgc was given close at
tcntion, although he told the convention
the recent silver victory was due to dis
trcSs and discomfort and its results would
bc temporary.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

Large Number Of People who Are Miss
ing from East II. Lou's supposed to Have
Been Drowned In the Riyer-Eighty-five
Miles Of streets Obstructed by Debris as
the Result of the Tornado Large Num-
her of Burial Permits Issued.
The copper country evening news. [volume] (Calumet, Mich.) 18??-1907, 1896-06-05

Late i'm the auI
duced into this
the right of a !
which appron
l..l-