davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1896-08-20
FARMERS WON'T Bp FOOLED.
AMI Won't he Deceived by,u iisrc.y-In-
diana Rarmrrs Against ltrte silver,


Cincinnati Times-StNr: AS an indlca.
ton OF the sentiment on the money
question among the farmers OF Indiana
the following letter from the CORE.
spending secretary OF the Indiana
Farmers Mutual BENEFIT Association
has much slgnltlcnnte. This usaOrIa-
tlon OF farmers has q membership Of
10000, The : officers nre John Clark,
E%vasnville, president; n. 'IIGmphlll,
Ut. Wayne, vice president; W. o. Craft,
indianapolis, secretary. W. Knight,
k%ingstown, treasurer: James c.. Brown,
Lafayette, corresponding secretary
Lafayette, Ind, August :. 1896.
TO the Editor OF tho Times.StNr;
AZ am recording secretary Of In.
diana Farmers Association and also
eS-presldent of same, | am In n posi-.
ton to state positively how, the mem.
beers Of our association stand on tho
present money question. Although II
few Democratic papers are claiming
that the Indiana farmers are for free
silver, | wish to prove that to be false,
Ms the Indiana farnlcra are no FOOLS
und know when things are for tlI.lr
benefit, MS you will see by tables pub
lIshcd below:
The Indiana farmers belonging to-
our sOciCty are divided as follows:
EfpublicanS Observation-Disclosures. 2i,gl
Democrats .,''.,".,"..".,,",....,d.. .O,2lS
Ipnullsts ,;,:.''s"''',.,'..,,,.,..... l,lGl
fEoh'o''ioh'a'S '""''''.'.'.."'''..". ,l.UB
Total ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 5000
They Will vote as follows this year:
For Mckinley and sound money:
Kepubllcans ..,''.,".".",..,.".....,.. $1,000
L'IuOcTllh 1b.A1S
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1896-08-20

The baltimore & Ohio railroad will
sell tickets from all points on Its lines
east oG the Ohio river TO 81. Paul at one
fare for the round trip, good for all
trains, August %, 30 and 81. valid for
return passage until September lG. with
the privilege Of an additional extension
until September 80 Ivy dcposlting ticket
with Joint agent.
Rate from Philadelphia will be-. .s2j 90
Rate from Baltimore will bc...... Is 90
Rate from Washington viii bc.... % 90
Rate from Lexington will be...... q IL
Rate from Cumberland will be-. 81 O0
Rate from Grafton win bc......... 81 90
And correspOndIugly low rates from
other stations. Tickets will also be
placed on sale ut the Offices OF all cOn-
Meeting lines.
The Baltimore e. Ohio maintains n
double daily service OF through solid
vestlbule trains between The EAST and
Chicago, with Pullman sleeping and
dining cars attached.
C. 4. Il. veterans will remember that
nll Baltimore e. Ohio trains run via
Washington, lIarpcr's Ferry and the
Potomac valley
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1896-08-20
POLITICAL.
Senatorial Convention.

The Republican senatorial c%onttress 1
the First senatorial district OF West VI
ginia, composed OF the counties OF his'
cock. Brooke and Ohio. will meet 81 Z.
court house in New Cumberland, W. "
1876, forsthe purpose OF nominating a ca
didate for the State Senate from sGit -
trict. The representation will be @.:
on the vote cast for the Republican q.
didate for=Congress in 1891. which vi
cntitle Brooke county TO S votes, hl,'
cock comfy 10 : votes and Ohio co1-l
HARRY HOOKING
Chairman First Senatorial District Il
ecutiye Committee.
r H. COTTON. Secretary.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1896-08-20

Use DR.. Miles, Nerve PlnStcrB for Spinal
Weakness. All drugglJts soil en- for &c,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-08
The Chemistry and Mechanics of Flowing.


This subject if followed in all of it's
ramif1cations, covers nearly the entire
course in agricultural chemistry, as well
as a short treatise upon simple mechan-
les. Even vegetable physiology must be
partially noticed, since the grand and
primary object of blowing is to pro-
duce such conditions in the soil as shall
conduce to the most rapid development
of the cultivated plants In given time.
In the hour allotted, however, only a
few salient points can be noted, and
these will be reviewed in great haste.
There are two series of ever active forces
in nature, the one constructive the other
destructive. They operate alike upon
the three great Kingdoms, mineral, veg
etable and animal. These forces are
gravity, heat, water-alone, as var or,
liquid or solid, water charged with car
bolic acid, oxygen of the air, chemical
affinity, vitality and ferments. The lat
ter may be regarded as low order of
vitality.
These forces have produced all of the
changes on the earth's surface, and are
still acting with undimlnished intensity,
causing transform atoms in the natural
spectacular drama daily unrolling be-
fore the gaze Of observing humanity.
The internal heat of the earth, the de-
position of moving water of rock ma
terial, subsequently solidiffed or crystal
liZed by pressure and other causes are
constantly engaged in the process of
rock making. AS soon as rock appears,
whether of igneous or aqueous origin,
the destructive forces begin the work
of disintegration, preparatory for the
support of vegetable life. First few
lichens, then MOSES and grasses and
weeds, and finally shrubs and trees. A
more or less complete disintegration of
the rock, as observed by the unaided
eye, is finally presented to the envlous
inspec ton of the prospective settler.
While this disintegration, Sin stu" is
occurring, the falling rains and moving
waters are busy In transporting, assort-
ing, and depositing much Of this dis
integrated material at lower lev
els, and finally we will have large areas
of alluvial soils encroaching upon the
oceans domain, and charging the ter
ritory of cultivable soils. AS soon as
these layers of alluvial material are
superimposed the one above the other,
to produce sufficient pressure, rock
making again begins. and if undisturbed
incipient shales, states, sandstones, etc.,
will ultimately be produced. This trans
formation is first exemplified in the
hardpan which occurs underneath
nearly every soil which is cultivated
with shallow implements.
With these preliminary remarks it
will doubtless be apparent to many of
you that our first and primary object of
breaking soil is to arrest this tendency
to rock making, to open up the first
twelve or eighteen inches of the soil to
the disintegrating influences OF air,
water and vegetable matter. The char
acter and size of the crops grown also
determines the rate of disintegration;th the
larger and deeper the roots penetrate the
more effective they become in soil i'm
provement. To secure the growth of
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-08


/ Unfortunately, such a happy con-
dition does not often prevail with our
farmers. 1t is too frequently the case
that burrows hastily thrown together
form the receptacle for our seed, and
after the plant is up it is permitted to
contend for mastery with weeds and
grass until the latter promises success,
when desperate effort is made with
turning plows, shovels and hoes to ami
hilate the latter, and the cultivated plant
left alone in the occupation of the soil,
is yet stunted, and surrounded by en-
vironments which will not conduce to
the most rapid growth and development.
Alas, cultivation is too often regarded
as process Of destruction of weeds and
grass, and is resorted to only for such
purposes.
but cultivation should have no such
object in view. TITS true that our vari-
able seasons will occasionally fill our
fields with grass and weeds, in spite of
our efforts, and when filed must be re-
moved by pillow and hoe; yet it is the
universal experience of every planter
that the crop is never improved by such
treatment. II is simply Unnecessary evil
often brought about by neglect or over
cropping, but sometimes by such an ex-
tremely wet season as to defy human
effort to prevent it. True cultivation
should look only to the preservation Of
filth which proper preparation of the
soil has established. It involves only
two principles, the maintenance Of tie
most rapid rate of notification and
other chemical changes, and the conser
walton Of the proper am cunt of moisture
Nitrogen is the most costly Of the IN
gradients of plant food. Tt is also the
most fugitive. It is derived chiefly
from organic matter, which by process
| of oxidation is converted into nitric
acid. The salts of nitric acid are ex-
tremely soluble, and if not utilized at
once by growing plants is washed out by
heavy rains. Hence there is gradual
development of nitric acid during the
period Of growth of plants, and the pro-
cess by which this oxidation of organic
matter into nitric acid is accomplished
is called notification.
This oxidation is going on in every
fertile soil, and when stopped, even
though the soil may be rich in vegetable
matter containing nitrogen, the plants
thereon must also stop their growth.
| What is necessary for nitrihcat1on? ~
Organic matter containing nitrogen; [(2)
a certain amount of moisture; (3) a free
access of air; az a certain temperature;
| (5) mild alkali, with which the nitric
acid can com bine, when formed; (6) the
presence of minute microscopic organ
isms or ferments. With these condi-
lions fully maintained nitrifcation is
most rapid and effective, and the growth
of plants is just in proportion to It's rate.
1t can therefore be readily seen how
cultivation tends to maintain the proper
conditions for rapid nitri1carion. Many
beneficial effects of cultivation can now
be easily explained. We cultivate
shallow, because such a process not only
prevents destruction of roots of the
plant, IN evil always to be avoided, but
also because notification takes place in
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-08

where struck for some time afterward.
The presence in small quantities of
lime highly favors nitrifcaton. Moist
ure in excessive quantities excludes the
air and suspends the vital activities OF
the ferment; herce the necessity of drain
age. The absence Of moisture is equally
as Objectionable, and here the second
object of cultivation promotes the
first.
From these considerations it will be
seen that frequent CIVILIZATIONS, provided
no roots are cut, are favorable to rapid
nitrifcation Soils cultivated daily
produce better than the same soils Gull
tivated weekly, and the latter better
than those cultivated less frequently.
Besides the beneficial effects of rapid
nitrifcation, other chemical changes of
great practical value are induced by
shallow and frequent cultivation. The
soil is great laboratory, and the chem
| ical changes taking place there are COM
| pick and continuous, and frequent STIR
rings accelerate these changes and give
increased available plant food. One
practice must be emphasized here as
| both wise and expedient, i. e., OF break
| ing the crust after every rain, to let in
| fresh portions OF air and to aid nitrfi
cation, but under no circumstances
should it be done while soil is wet, since
this destroys rather than aids the fer
ment.
The econd object in cultivation is to
conserve the moisture. On the az
proach Of a drouth, cultivators should
be run very shallow !and almost con-
tinuously. In this way the thin layer
Of earth removed from the great mass
of the soil is laid as mulch on the sur
face, and the continuous upward move
ment of the water through the soil into
the air, is checked just below the sur
face, and the roots of the plant can then
appropriate it. The continuity of cap
Hilary pores are broken and the water
heretofore passing into the air arrested
just below the surface, and is conserved
for the use of the plant. Hence pillow
continuously in dry weather. One other
point: finely divided soils have the power
varying according to character from
LIS to % per cent? of absorbing hygro-
scopic moisture from the air, not in
significant property in prolonged
drouth with heavy dews at night. These
are the reasons why we pillow. Now
| what do we do it with All instruments
used for working the ground and pro-
duclng filth are classified as plows, and
may be divided into four classes: Flows
proper, for breaking, inversion of soil,
subsoiling, etc.; hand and horse hoes.
| for the destruction of grass and weeds;
cultivators, which simply stir the soil
| for notification or conservation of
moisture, and fourth, harrOws and roll
ers.
The pillow is an ancient implement.
The Egyptians had an iron pointed
share, but no coulter or wheels The
Greeks added wheels to their iron
pointed shares. The early Saxons added
the coulter to the wheels and iron appointed
shares, but it was not until the seven
teenth century that the mould-board
was introduced, which remained of
L
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1896-07-08

m axes up the bulk of all soils. Here,
too, we recognize the presence of the
ever acting forces of construction and
destruction. "By ceaseless action all
that is subsists," and the soluble plant
food of to-day if not utilized by the
plant is quickly resolved into insoluble
forms or washed out by excessive rains.
The amount of soluble food available at
any one time Is determined largely, as I
will presently show, by "tilth."
Another object in breaking or invert-
ing soil is to destroy weeds or grasses,
and thus relieve it OF the foulness which
an excess of vegetable growth always
produces. Breaking land is therefore a
cleansing process. But another object
in breaking land is to control moisture.
If the lands are inclined to be water
sobbed, they are usually thrown into
high ridges, thus exposing the largest
surface possible, with bare deep middles
lnsuring increased evaporation from
lower depths, and furnishing surface
channels for the escape Of flood water in
times of excess rains. Evaporation is
cooling process, and no soil can be made
warm and fit for rapid growth of plants,
which contains an excess OF moisture.
Therefore breaking is often resorted to
| to relieve the soil of abundant moisture
to produce heat and warmth necessary
for plant vigor, and to permit the free
circulation of air which is necessary FOR
growth of roots and for the chemical
actions which must evolve soluble plant
food. If, on the other hand our lands
are disposed to be drouthy, barely af-
fording water enough for maximum
crop the reverse treatment is resorted
to. The soil is broken fiat, each furrow
IS Tapped upon the preceding one, form
ing continuous blanket six or eight
inches deep, so as to prevent the rapid
evaporation which the nature of the
soil would otherwise accomplish.
In this way such soils are kept moist.
With Soils of an intermediate character,
such treatment should be given as will
insure the most desirable quantities of
moisture and heat needed for maximum
growth. Soils vary largely in their Ca
pacitY for moisture. The soils of Audo.
bon Park when saturated will carry 81
per cent. OF their weight in water with
out dripping; while those on this station
(Calhoun) will barely hold 20 per cent.
of their weight. 1t has been shown that
the soils of the former are too dry to
furnish the needed moisture to growing
plants when they contain II per cent. of
water, while the latter will successfully
sustain plants down to II or two per
cent of their weight in water. These
differences are due to the different per-
centages of clay, silt and sand which
these soils contain. The larger the per-
centage of clay, the greater the capacity
of holding water. Vice versa, the larger
the proportion of sand, particularly
coarse sand, the least it's capacity for
water. Since an excess as we'll as a de-
ficiency of water is to DE avoided; true
loans mixtures Of sand and clay are
therefore better adapted to most of the
crops grown. 1t has been found that so
to 60 per cent, of the water-holding Ca
pacity of every soil is the amount best
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-04-13
oceanic steamship Subsidy.

WASHINGTON, ID. c., March 30
The Postoffice appropriation
bill reported to the Senate today
contains this amendment: "Ad-
dihonal compensation to the Gee
anic Steamship Company for
transporting mails by its steamers
sailing from San Francisco to
New Zealand and New South
Wales, via Honolulu, all mails
made up in the United States des-
tined for the Hawaiian Islands,
with the Australian colonies, New
Caledonia and islands in the Paci-
fc Ocean, $4,000, provided that
said additional sum, with the sum
now paid, shall not exceed 81 per
mile, as authorized by the act of
March 3, 1891, entitled AN act to
provide for ocean mail service
between the United States and
foreign ports, and to promote COM
merce.'
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-04-13
Sans Souci
Seaside Resort.

The pleasantest, quietest,
shadiest and most perfectly APP
pointed seaside resort on the
Islands. 1t is only four miles
from the heart of the city and
within easy reach of the tramcars.
which run every twenty minutes
or oftener. Elegantly furnished
detached cottages or rooms are
obtainable on easy terms. The
table is superior to that Of any of
the city hotels and all the modern
conveniences are provided.
Picncs and bathing parties can
obtain extra accommodations by
teIephoning in advance.
The bathing facilities of Sans
Souci are superior 20 those of any
place on the beach. 89-tf
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-04-13
international Pence Court.

The following resolution was
passed this morning by the Pres
byterian Ministers Association of
Philadelphia
Resolved, That we recommend
the Powell Memorial" on q
Standing International Peace
Court, as introduced in the United
States Senate by Senator Frye,
and referred to the Committee on
Foreign Relations Feb. "a, as
something definite on this great
subject, and, as far as we can see
practicable
The memorial is as follows:-
This memorial respectfully
suggests it to be of paramount
importance that something very
definite be done in the immediate
organization of a permanent in
ternational court of arbitration;
Therefore, that until other
wise provided, standing inter
national board of arbitration be
selected and appointed, to be
composed OF member Of the
highest judicial tribunal Of each
of the following countries, to wit:
Argentina, Austria, Belgium,
Brazil, Great Britain, Chill, China,
Egypt, France, Germany, Hawaii,
Italy, Japan, Mexico, Orange
Free State, Russia, Transvaal,
Turkey and the United States; the
same to have power to settle any
national or international dis
putes. And that it be held in
fraction of international law for
any nation, after establishment of
this court, to settle its disputes
by the Wholesale murder of war.
The same to be sought and pro.
!, yided for by such legislation and
such diplomacy as your honor
able body can, in your judgment,
wisely bring to bear on the sub
ject.
GEORGE MAY POWELL,
president Arbitration Council.
Philadelphia, Feb. 20, 1896.
Philadelphia Star.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-04-13
CLAUS sPRECKELs. WIN. G. IRWIN.
CLAUS SpfeckleIs Z 20,
BANKERS.
HONOI.UI.II Il. I
San Francisco Agents--THE NEVADA BANK OF
SAN Francisco.
HONOLULU


DRAW EXCHANGE ON
SAN FRANoIsCo--The Nevada Bank of San
Francisco.
LoNDoN-The Union Bank of London, Ltd.
New York American Exchange National
Bank.
CHIoAGo-Mcrchant National Bank.
PARIS - Compton National d'Escompt de
Paris.
BERLIN--Dresdner Bank.
HoNGKoNG AND YoKoHANA--Ilongko Il
Shanghai Banking Corporation.
New ZEALAND AND AUsTRALIA-Ba of New
Zealand.
VICTORIA AND VANCoUvER--Bank of Mont
real.
Transact a General Banking and Exchange Business
Term and Ordinary Deposits Received
Loans made on Approved Security. Com
mercial and Travellers Credits Issued. Bills
Of Exchange bought and sold.
COLLECTIONS PROMPTLY ACCOUNTED For
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1896-04-13
The Medicine That
Makes People Well!
J. NJ. BUCENER.

Why suffer longer with liver and stomach
trouble? Paines Celery Compound will max
you well. Read how it cured Mr.. J. M
Buchner.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1896-12-10
FOR BRYAN.
Kinley's majority, IS.

Centuries ago, people used to fear
what they called the pestilence.
"Black Death" was the most terrible
thing In the world to them. They
feared it as people now fear the chol-
era and yellow fever. And yet there
is a thing that causes more misery and
more deaths than any Of these. 1t is
so much that nine-tenths Of all the
sickness 10 the world is traceable to
1t. 1t is merely that simple, common
thing constipation. 1t makes people
listness, causes dizziness, headaches,
loss Of appetite, loss Of sleep; foul
breath and distress after eating. The
little help needed is furnished by DR.,
Pierce's Pleasant Pellets. One pill is
a gentle laxative and two a mild Ca
thartic. Once used, always IN favor.
IL yun are careless enough to let an
INSCRIPTIONS druggist sell you some
thing on which he makes more money,
it is your own fault II you do not get
well. Be sure and get DR.. Pierce's
Pleasant Pellets.
Send q cents 10 one-cent stamps 10
Worlds Dispensary Medical Associa-
tiOn, Buffalo. n. Y, and receive DIR.
Pierce's zoos page Common Sense
Medical Adviser" profusely illustra-
ted.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1896-12-10
Hoods Pills with IN HO Od SsTs s % faEe

1t is high time'that the payment
OF attorney fees, the fostering Of pri.
vate ends and the promotion of
private enterprises whether corporate
or individual, out of public funds
be stopped.
prosperity" we are told is on the
road, but at least until it reaches the
chem of our garment" we should
take no more from the people in
taxes than is necessary for actual and
needed public uses.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1896-12-10

Ed Greer files a bill for $4,000
against Cowley county for refunding
SlOO,OoO of its bonds, at AZ per cent.
The Board contracted to pay him
whatever he could save the county
by getting better than a per cent
rate. The Board tried everywhere
to get a better rate than per cent,
even going so far as to send one of
their number to Topeka to confer
with State School Fund Commission
ers. They had given up in despair
when MIR. Greer stepped into the
breech and volunteered his services
on the terms named. By a simple
twist of the wrist he sold the bonds
to the State School Fund Commits
sioners at AZ and reached out to
Sumner county to get some more to
put in the deal, but our commission
ers from some cause failed to invoke
his services. There is objection 10
payment Of Greer's claim in Cowley
county but Greer states that he will
not take take less-that he had to
divide up with $50 many fellows"
that he would have but $4,000 left
if his bill was allowed. 1t takes a
boodler to work successfully with
boodlers.