The Canton times. (Canton, Miss.) 1893-1906, 1896-03-07
THE NEW WATER
WORKS PLAN.


IS be held for the purpose Of voting on cer
tain changes in the water works p'a'
: now under contract; that is, the omis
sion of all the four inch pipe which =
to be laid and substitution of six incl
pipe instead, and the extension OF thu
pipe lines so as to connect the deat
ends. These changes are all MADE II
the belief that they will increase tho
efficiency of the system much more thar
thew will increase the cost. The an
nual cost for interest on this increase
would be about $3.50 at per cent, which
: is small when it is considered that this
will make, practically, all the street
, mains 8 inches diameter or more and
with but one dead end. whereas the
plan under contract has east of the
: railroad 5000 feet of tour inch and 900U
feet of larger pipe, with eight dead
4 ends. The cost of these changes might
be saved BY controlling single fire
along the two or more miles of pipe af-
fected. All good authorities on water
works decry the policy of constructing
with such sparing outlay as to endan
ger the efficiency of the system for fire
projections; nearly all plainly say that
| no street main should be less than six
liuches diameter and that only enc good
IRE stream can be had from four inch
| main. The discharging capacity of one
six inch pipe is 2& times as much as
that of d four inch pipe. 1t is not prac-
tica BILE to calculate the exact discharge
or pressure for distant hydrant on a
system OF pipes that is complicated by
many branches, especially when there
are taps all along the pipes drawing
from them uncertain quantities of
water before the current. reaches the
hydrant in question; but, by certain as
sumptions, an idea can be formed of
the relative value of hydrant on six
inch main and on four inch main.
Suppose hydrant at the east end of
Peace street throws two streams, each
through 200 feet of az inch hose and
~ inch nozzle, that the stand pipe be
kept full, that the current comes by the |
most direct pipe lines to the hydrant,
that all branch mains and all taps are
closed.
The ',head" at the stand pipe will be
140 feet.
The friction loss in 1850 feet of 10
inch pipe. 8 feet.
Hence the head at Jones' drugstore
will be 1877 feet.
The loss by friction in 1850 feet of G
inch pipe 10 feet
The head at John Wohners residence
l24 feet.
The friction loss in 935 feet of inch
pipe SO feet.
The head at the hydrant in question
Sc feet. .e
The friction loss in 200 feet of 2%]
nch hose is feet.
The resulting head at the nozzle 20
'eat
This head is only % pound pressure
o the square inch and will throw the
cts about As feet vertically or IS feet
discharging about l45
,allons per minute from each of the
wo nozzles. 1t will be observed that
ILL the conditions named above are
more favorable than can be expected in
.ctual service. If the inch pipe be
eplaced by 6 inch, as now proposed,
hen,
The head at the stand pipe as before
40 feet.
Loss by friction in 1850 feet 10 inch a
.ipe feet.
Less by friction in 1915 feet inch !
ipe 80 feet.
Loss by friction in 200 feet ~ inch
ose IS feet-62 feet.
Resulting pressure at the nozzle 70 I
eet.
This is equivalent to 80 pounds pres I
ure per square inch and will throw
st about 70 feet vertically and loo feet s
orizontally, discharging about 100 /
allons per minute from each jet e
'hese figures are only roughly approx t
nate; but show that, by changing the
inch pipe to 6 inch pipe no further n
han from Lyous to Singleton street, s
sch jet will rise about 25 feet higher s,
nd deliver one-third more water per O
This is with two fire streams: e
ften four in the same square will be e
esira BILE, in which case the difference
very much greater, the friction loss 81
] inch pipe delivering this quantity s,
water being about 20 feet head for N
ach 100 feet Of pipe. II inch pipe be G
id in the streets now, the extensions a.
ill be limited to inch, because It is ii
selsss to add larger pipe to a small re
ne in extending. From necessary ex- ss
nsions. from new taps in the present L
aims, from increase of waste Of water T.
plum bing becomes old and water is fr
ore generally and carelessly used, e
ON various causes more water must Ia
drawn through the mains for domes- fir
: use and also there arises, with ty
uwth of built up area, the chance of nj
70 fires at the same time; yet all the st
creased demands must be supplied a
rough the present mains, which are ST
i'd for life time. 80 much for the Ca
opposed increase 10 the size of the Pt
pes. As 10 the extensions shown, 81
ey are all made TO connect dead ends pc
d not to meet any individual de-
lnds. OF the eight dead ends, only all
would remain ana that one at the stl
Il L