davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

and from battery armor not included in turrets II
IT the draught will not permit of two armored
decks decks, oyer % the vitals. then disposition
Majestic class. distinct and new type,
With side armor sxtendns from ten feet below the
to n maximum thickness of ten inches at the wa ter
the pt Xe Inches S at
draught. with the single protective deck dropped at
"As advanced In the paper the heavy turret guns
are oryerprotected; Any additional weight avail
purposes In the order named: % To increasing ths
depth Of the side armor abreast the vitals; C9 to
to increasing up to ten inches the thickness Of the
turrets OF the guns designed outclass light armor
verse bulkheads. partial or complete armorcd with
special hard two-inch armor. to explode high ex-
increasing Of light side armop or s'a s to
n complete belt or completing 1t II incomplete
of insufficient depth OF belt and without the seeonS
, armored deck on which Of course. these pro-
by sacrificing some weight Of coal or other feature
and by working strip Of three,inch armor about i've
feet wide on the wing longitudinal bukhead ON aacb
side Of tho vessel abreast the magazines With IN
top at the level OF the bower edge Of armor and
by WORKING TWO inches OF armor OF the sams ,yidth
abreast the engines and boilers the same being sun
Rra quality and Ss pro ns % to to be
securings and supports: In addition to this athwart
snip OF light hard to as
)ectiles from reaching the protection deck NV
SAFETY OF PERSONNEL.
The discussion which advances the propostion that
the guns are underprotected compared with the buu
advances also that Injury to the personnel will he
the principal factor in determining the issue Of COM
Ing engagements and that the desired coordination
of protection should be made In view Of a certain
panic era Of the personnel of the guns or cre~s
rn ran than he IN view Of the ssncng the
from the examples OF history as is done IN the lis
enssoh Is Liable TO be found Illogical for when ex-
anheg closely me conditions existing on board YES
sels OF WAT VIII be found radically dlfferent from
Of history. ' Aous"' ene oe''es
With these radical dinsrancea In eond,.ian. a =.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

DETAIL. MAJESTIC PROTECTIVE DECK.
enough, Of course in fact. 1t belongs to a class OF
statements which we generally accept as incon-
trovertibe. But inasmuch 1t is given as the
basis OF scheme for armoring ships. we should
look at 1t in some detail Diminish the turrct ar
NOR. increase by the same total weight the water
line armor. cease firing and slow down, allowing
the enemy calmly and without excitement to ap-
proach closely. and three shots will do the whole
thing. that Is, effect the destructive combination
quoted. 1t Is impracticablo to armor tho
sides and bottom Of ship sufficiently TO keep
all the projecties which VIII be brought against H.
or even TO approach closely this proper thickness
necessary to protection OF buoyancy and stability
An inch OF arNcr taken from the sides would add
several Inches 10 the tufIcts with absolute security
OF security would alone probably be the equivalent
as defence TO the inch OF armor on the sides.
as hs sawns m oih~r @rd Gun
men themselves and the guns are the equivalent
destroyed we must imagine layers OF the side armor
to be dropped of. All this az regards the guns
fact OF the security OF the personnel and the gun
offence has much greater value than the side armor
destruction Of the torpedo while stil on board the
enemy. and the consequent restraint due TO obIec-
ton to being 'hoist with ones own petard being
the principal II not sole defence
In reply to this objection there Is pointed out the
underlying object in view in the design OF a vessel
Of war the principle on which Is based the appor-
Torment Of %eghts, ana me principle tina, should
feature. Assistant Constructor llobson points out
that the permeating object of design in vessel OF
war is the realization OF a maximum efficiency for
each element OF weight In rs contribution to the
ultimate object OF enabling the vessel, in the prob
able conditions of service. TO fulfil the role for
which IL Is intended
THE efficiency Of any element Of weight
protecting any feature" he says rs measured by
the demand for protection resulting from the i'm
portance and vulnerability of the feature and by
the effectiveness OF the armor supplying this de-
mand. The value OF gun attacking an
armor passes rapidly from practically zero. when
a gun Is overmatched, to a high maximum when
the armor Is erectualy overmatched. The maxi
mum is practically reached at the present stage OF
the development Of explosives. when the gun can
drive explosive projcctile through the armor 40
that It's explosion takes place on the inside which
at present may be considered taking place when
the calibre OF the gun approaches twice the thick
ness OF the armor.
when this point IL reached. further Increase ~
cahbre Ii disadvantageous 30 far as the particular
amor u concerned. being adYantaGeoua only uharn
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

On hoard ship The mechanical difficulties are very
great and are increased b. the long cnascs OF mod
ern guns and the advantages are raulsr DUBIOUS.
e. ear ne We know the moun'ings OF the Russian
ironcads have worked well. The great disadvantage
of disappearing mounts on board snip Is tAc eN-
posture to plunginG ire
PLANS SUBMITTED WITH BIDS
Mr. Cramp submitted a system OF semi-disappear-
IN, mounts where only the breech OF the guns dis
annea-ed with one Of his bids on the bat'Ie-shps
Nos ; and Uhe Kearsarge and the kentucky Re-
ferring to this plan. he says: Il have given some
attention 10 the study of disappearing mounts ior
heavy guns and the result OF my study ana caicu-
,at,ons in this direo took shape In NO or the
schemes which recently submitted 10 the Navy
Department in my bids for battle-ships IN CLASS a.
l made no attempt. however. TO provide Tor COM
plete disappearance OF the gun or guns Inc device
elaborated made provision simply FOR the depression
Of tho breech to certain angle by recoii to a
loading oosition within barbctte OF ordinary a.
mersicns for the caibre OF guns lnNoiVeu' lraNliS
tha rntzzles exposed as usual in all modern mounts,
whether Of the ba rbete turret or shieid type Cshs
The very long guns OF the present day see no prac
ticable escape from muzzie exposure 49, =,
Tn question OF the gun IS then summed up Dy
Mr. UobSon as follows: I'm sum, the system Of dis
annoaring ttIrret as embodied in ne Skctcn pan
@,n,adc nv T W Van Hose. inventor or the sys-
or, oefors inrortce be advantages, provided the
rechansnn is efficient: obstacles Of serious nature
ar con frontad in any c.dcavOr TO provide ethcent
mechanism while the necessity TOT vllcicI.Sy - az
eoute; the conditions impose simple NeI 'io. Iise'
Tor which hydraulic power is best adapted
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

turning over. heeling or changing trim. and
dwells particularly the great exposure. OK
the vitals OF the ship exposure and danger due
TO the introduction OF high explosives and to the
insufficient depth of side armor.
FOREIGN AND AMERICAN DESIGNS.
II ia in this part of the discussion that the re-
cent English and French naval vessels and our
own latest designs are cited and 1t Is here that
the important conclusions referred 70 are
reached conclusions that are Of vital i3nncrtance
at the present time when the Nation Is about 10
engage in an extended programme OF naval con-
struction. The radical difference between YES
sells of the present day and those that fought the
battles of history Is pointed out. the vessels OF
the past being simple huls, carrying only men
and guns. all alike and On open decks. while the
vessels Of the present are filed full OF objects or
all degrees OF power danger and OF delcacy. ana
are subdvided into numerous parts Isolated from
each other and having varying degrees OF protec-
ton. The case OF the Indiana is cited. pointing
out the isolation Of the officers and crew in small
groups, the import groups having heavy pro-
lection and the author concludes that the bulk of
the lndiana's guns. the larger and more mpor-
tant part of her personnel, will still be in good
condition and un!mpaired when the vessel Is dis
abled in her motive power, or is blown up by her
boilers or magazines or, in case of this fate being
averted. when she turns over or sinks. or heels
to such an extent to throw her guns out OF
action
The arguments advanced by Naval Constructor
Hobson appear to be difficult to answer. They
give the first scientific picture of the great
phenomena that likely to take place when
the floating monsters Of the deep meet each
other to decide the welfare and perhaps the
existence of nations and empires, and are i'm
portant from their bearing efficiency of the
vessels under construction and proposed. as
we'll as those which are already anoat under
tha Stars and Stripes
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08
A QUEER PET,
From The Philadelphia Record

A Tloga man has probably the most curious pc;
on record IL Is nothing less than traineo
shrimp. one would scarcely believe shrimp. .. ~
be possessed OF any intelligence yet this nt ar'
tune. really seems to be most deserving little chap
Neptune Is the pride OF quite large aquarium. ~
wnicn ne rules supreme. He Is very fond OF mus,y,
and when his master places a mouth-organ agains!
me glass side OF the aquarium and plays NeptunI
onows every manifestation OF JOY He hops aroS nS
TO the time OF the music and when the srs aas
cease ne places his little nose against the gas
tnousn begging for His favorite airs AZ
LIE on the Ocean Wave" and Rocked In f Ii,s
~ aa.s OF me Deep. Nept,.1e's master has Z ~
nc SUCK which he places In the aquarium. ana "a -
Snrmp WIN play about this for hours. standinS ~
Hn s rs, nsao. turning handspr1ngs and doinG eu'S
sonslw remarkable thlnrK 4
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

hardly warranted to draw extensive differences.
is the utter nadeauacy Of the past nyIa to throw light
to be haunted and the intellect of naval students "a
be bafiied by the phenomena that are to take place
tons meet each other in mortal combat. It viii
suffice in order to arrive at conclusion to hs
pars S S Dayea Ger
These are shown by Mr.. Hobson to be as follows.
ars DrteeVe Deck On the indiana WSos
motive power. requiring men below, Is moderate
Above out of total number Of 462 officers and men men
2O6 are stationed below the protective deck when
in action. This large portion Is distracted from
caslIa tiles and identified with the vtals.
q OF the officers and men stationed above the
protective deck. the greater part are well pro.
tccted. the protection increasing with the impor.
lance of their functions On the Indiana. out OF "a
men stationed above the protective deck only
these have the duties least necessary and are
widely scattered; twenty-six nave the partial pro.
lection OF the armor protecting the six-nch guns.
being distributed in four groups. considerable
distance from each other hfty-wo are IN the eight.
inch turrets in four groups entirely isolated from
the rest of the vessel twenty-elght are In the
thirteen-nch turrets in two groups, entirely so.
lated, and, comparatively speaking enjoying abso-
Thus a battle-ship may be considered as having
her motive power exempt from the eIects OF casual
caibre guns partially exempt. and the other per.
sonnet exempt in proportion to importance Sr, while
the hull when the vitals. not the guns, Will b
most affected.
WHAT 1T MEANS TO AMERICAN VESSELS
These deductions point almost rresstibly to the
conclusion that 1t is injury to the hui which will
determine the issue in usual cases. The form the
injury will take. whether sustained by foatablity
stability, uprghtness, vtals or by combinations Of
these features will vary with. and should be studied
for. each individual vessel: 1t will seriously bs
affected by the condition of the sea and by the
manner in which the attack is made. Taking our
GUN battle-ships for example and speaking broad.
w. II will probably be injury to the vitals that will
decide their fate They will probably blow up from
a boiler or magazine explosion or have the engines
or steering-gear wrecked: the Indiana, Oregon
and Massachusetts Will probably have their stabn
ity overcome and turn turtle II not first disabled
or destroyed by injury to the vitals In each case
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

designed depths adopted for the lover cage s OF and the
Iowa reduced even to four feet for the hearsa &c
and Kentucky are better suited for still water imam
for the Western Atlantic. 49,. ...oa h,, tho
In summing up the various points coNereu ~ ''
ideas here advanced, Mr.. Hobson hnds' ,.,.
/ For protection from injury above, tne ' .i,
demand either immunity for the pro.ecee, CON
from explosive projectiles. an immunity 5nat cal.
be assured only by an adequate height OF sue
OF sufficient thickness to exclude explosive po3,E.
tiles or else an armored deck below the protective
deck. 49,. A.. ,;do, tho
For protection from injury from the s, sue , t1
,itais demand in the Of vessels on the hlsh
seas armor on the sides extending to greater
denh than in any vessel built designed depth IN
Isial cases such that, when floating at the de-
signed water-ne a roll of fifteen degrees should not
emerge the lower edge of armor.
HOW PROTECTION MAY BE ASSURED.
Mr.. Hobson then points out the results Of examna-
lions and shows the manner in which the grave
weaknesses disclosed be remedied in new de-
signs. and the manner in which they can be ameli-
GRATED in ships already built or ouiidihs' III inc
designs for new ships he says: ,
The weight for the deck the second armoreo
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

the uniform thickness. nine inches OF side armor.
THE fact should be taken account Of however
that development is rapid along the line OF ex-
posve proJectes. while the life Of a vessel of war
Is long.
''Thc day Is probably not very far distant when
nine inches OF armor will be overmatched by semi
armor piercing projectles. while there Is certainly
progress already In the penetration OF armor by
projectiles carrying high explosives. The English
disposition. though perhaps Offering better ad-
vantages for to-day. will tend to become obsolete
while the French disposition Is good for all time
Thus in all vessels. with the exception OF those
enumerated the vitals are seriously menaced from
above.
OPEN TO DESTRUCTIVE FIRE.
But the exposure IL not limited to this direction
aone. 1t pointed out In the paper that tho
lower edge OF armor energies In the usual at
an angle OF roll OF below 10 degrees while the ves-
sells would engage when rolling double that angle
In only moderate seaway. when the vessel rolls
but moderately. when wave trough passes
along the Sides there will be exposed large I'M
armored below the lower edge of armor
abreast the vitals.
along The vast Of this exposed zone" con-
tinues Mr.. Hobson. there is obstruction to i'm
peda even the smallest rapid-nre pro1ecttle from
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

N. maeaz,nes and steering e ,Sa So, ans
gear asanss
and III rs Tons
the xh s1sn sPR n
not 4ayyy the sn By
and %OdsTas s % ths vssss type
far the nower Of iocomoton. whose very TO guns
stands free though intermittent 'a's''
of all caibres. ..,h,,ts of the ba ships:
hu or designed Of all nations ~ Is reiativey smooth
IN tnose Of the Mediterranean even for ,he h French
the limit Of four feet eleven Cer edge OF armor
for Rs as are also % nces in
in recent English practice Ie s tee feet in the
me i, o Class which with larger beam are hins the
}{or the high seas. AS for our own oa''ie-sN''
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08
THE DISAPPEARING GUN.
ITS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
MADE CLEAR

COMMENTS OF CAPTAIN CRozIER. CHARLES II.
CRAMP AND CONSTRUCTOR cRoNEAU ON
THE PROPOSITIONS ADVANCED.
Captain Crozer questions the advantage Of the
disappearing turret after supposing that its mech
anism has been perfected. and says: The COM
pexity of the question to the desrabiiiy at all
of the disappearing principle afoat has been abund-
antlv shown by the multitude of considerations
which have been brought 20 bear. 1t may be con-
sidered from the experience had on shore that. II
tho secure lower position be provided efficient
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08
ARMOR AGAINST GUNS.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE FORMER A MORE
IMPORTANT FACTOR THAN HE
LATTER.
THE ISSUE OF, COMING ENGAGEMENTS BETWEEN
gArTLEsHIPs TO BE DECIDED BY THE
RELATIVE PROTECTION AFFORDED TO
TUE yrTATS OF THE SHIPS

What is really the most important part OF tho
paper and the discussion does not pertain to the
disappearing gun. except incidentally. In ihVesu-
eating the advantages In protection to the gun
ACQUIRED by the proposed system. Mr. Hooson. IN
his naner first inquiries into the present condition
of protection of the guns. and whether 1t would ne
advantageous in any way to seek any increase III
their protection. lie treats at length the various
WAYS in which a battleship is exposed TO beihs
sunk turning over. or heeling or changing tF.h 50
as to put her heavy guns Out OF acton OF 10 nav :
ing her yitals destroyed. and lncllnes to the belief
hat the protection against each OF these forms OF
exposure is less than that afforded to the heavy
turret guns. and that. in consequ nee, efforts
toward an increase Of protection should De d.
rected to these features together cassod as the
hull.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-08

deck) could be partially supplied with advantage
by reducing the upper usual armor deck, and the
weight OF additional depth OF armor could be par
TALLY supplied with advantage by reducing by about
ne-fourth to one-ffth the maximum thickness of
the heavy belt and tapering II to three inches at
the lower edge Additional weight required should
be supplied from tho surplusage from the heavy tur
rets: the insuficiency then remaining should be
taken from the upper part OF tha light side armor
The Mt. Sterling advocate. (Mt. Sterling, Ky.) 1890-current, 1896-05-05
THIEF CAUGHT.
FOUND FLAT ON A SILL
Was A Deserter From Sells
Brothers & Porepaugh's
Circus.

Sunday morning about 2 o'clock a
negro was seen in the office of the
Monarch Milling company and tn,
officers being notified searched The
building and the thief was finally
found in engine room on a fat piece OF
timber near the roof, feigning to be
asleep. He gave his name as John
Williams and said he had deserted the
circus at Morehead and was making
his way back to his home in Louisville
and that he had gone into the engine
room to take nap, that he had not,
nor did he intend to modest anything
The story did not fit the discoveries
He had broken into the cash drawer
had been trying to open the safe aud
when found had in his possession a
suit Of Mr.. G.. II. Petry's clothes
This is not the first time he had been
in trouble, he said, but his former ar
rests were for minor offences. He is
now in jail here and there il little
doubt that he will make his home Ill
Frankfort for a while.
The Mt. Sterling advocate. (Mt. Sterling, Ky.) 1890-current, 1896-05-05
American Bible Society

Held it's ffty-frst annual meeting
at the Southern Presbyterian
Church, Sunday evening, Large
attendance.
Following officers were elected:
L. L. Chiles, President, and pastors
of the city Vice President; Brown
Cornelison, Secretary; Thos. Ken
nedy, Treasurer. Kennedy's drug
store was chosen for the depository.
Executive Committee-B. w.
Trimble, Silas Stofer, Robert Mar
shall, Harry Campbell, Howard
Howell.
Distributor for jails and aims
houses-R. I. Smith.
Addresses by Rev. c. w. Max
well, of the Southern Presbyterian
Church, and DR.. George S. Savage.
Adjourned to meet in Episcopal
Church first Sunday in May, 1897.
The Mt. Sterling advocate. (Mt. Sterling, Ky.) 1890-current, 1896-05-05
A New Enterprise.

1. N Phipps, of this city, is actively
engaged in an effort 10 get branch
plant of the great Jesse G. KEYS q
Sons stave and heading manufactur-
ing concern, headquarters New York
City, located in Mt. Sterling, and has
succeeded to the extent OF getting them
to agree to locate here, provided the
city council will donate a site of five
acres of ground for mills, dry houses,
sheds, etc, said ground to revert to the
city when the company ceases to oper-
ate, which, however, they will not do
until all the timber shall have been
exhausted, and as it is the purpose Of
this company to purchase a larger
boundary, either in Menefee or Rowan
county, and in addition to purchase by
the cord all the oak they can have
shipped in from Carter, Rowan, Bath
and Menefee counties, it will be several
years before they would have to close
out for lack of timber.
This concern is one of the oldest in
the United States, having begun bust
ness in 1911, and never once in all
the So years of its existence known
such a thing as financial embarrass-
ment, and if it could be secured to Mt.
Sterling it would be one of the biggest
things for the merchants and business
men OF the city that has ever fallen to
their good fortune, as they employ
from forty to fifty men constantly, and
pay out for wages alone $4,000 to
$4,000 a year. We sincerely hope
our city council will meet their propo-
sition.
The Mt. Sterling advocate. (Mt. Sterling, Ky.) 1890-current, 1896-05-05
TUrley-

The marriage of Miss Lila Turley,
a beautiful and accomplished dauG> ter
of Mr.. and Mrs. j. G. Turley, to Mr..
Reuben Dale, prosperous young far
mer of the Judy neighborhood, was
solemnIzed at the home of the brides
parents on East Main street last
Thursday evening at s o'clock. Rev.
II. d. Clark performing the ceremony.
The wedding was very quiet affair
there being only few of the near
relatives and friends present.
The Mt. Sterling advocate. (Mt. Sterling, Ky.) 1890-current, 1896-05-05

able, honest and fully equipped to dis
charge the duties of the great Office of
President, let us present his name to
the Chicago convention as the choice
of Kentucky Democrats as their candi-
date for President.
Let us do this not on personal
grounds or as personal compliment,
or even to honor our State ;let us pres
ent to the National Democracy fell
low-citizen who is recognized as one of
the ablest of American statesmen,
and who stands for sound money, natl
onal integrity and renewed prosperity.
"Our State Convention meets to
consider national questions and to
send delegates to a National Conven-
ton which assemblies to make a plat
form and nominate candidates for
President and Vice President. Let
Kentucky present sound financial
plank and the name of Carlisle, and
support both by solid delegation.
"HENRY BURNETT, First District.
"CRoMwELL ADAIR, Second District
"WM. A. WIcKLIFEE, Third District
rs. b. BUokNER, Fourth District.
"JAs. p. HELM, Fifth District.
"R. III. ELLIsToN, Sixth District.
~. A. VIoLETT, Seventh District.
"YoDER PoIGNARD. Eighth District
"JoHN f. HAeAR, Ninth District.
"JoHN p. SALYER, Tenth District.
~. II. HINDMAN, Eleventh District
The Mt. Sterling advocate. (Mt. Sterling, Ky.) 1890-current, 1896-05-05
Will Howard Seriously Wounded

Sunday morning at 2 80 o'clock the
clear ring of pistol shot aroused the
citizens on Tenny Hill and upon in
vestigation it was learned that Simon
Brakes had shot and seriously wound
ed Will (SweeD Howard, both negroes.
In short time after the shooting the
police had Howard as their prisoner
and landed him in jail. DR.. w. r.
Thompson was called and found the
wounded man seriously hurt. The
ball entered the lip ranging upward
and lodging in a vital place near the
ear.