davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1896-12-12
TO KILL Az ELEPHANT BY ELECTRICIIf.
PERMISSION ASKED TO MAKE PUBLIC SHOW OF
THE DEATH SCENE.

PERMISSION ASkED TO MNhF1 y 1'f'rV 'TI7' VT
THE DEATH SCENE.
Chicago Dec 11.-Manager Wilson, or Harriss
Nickel Plate Circus. applied yesterday to the city
collector for a license publicly to XIII by electricity
the man-kng elephant Gypsy. at TattersaIls'
and the perm, will be issued in few days she
has been with the show for ten years. ana Is at
present in winter quarters here Last winter the
savage animal escaped from its home here and
caused wild excitement on the West Side, FRANK
Scott her keeper tried to get her into the barn
from the alley where she was tearing up property.
surrounded by policemen with guns. but she
crushed the life out OF his body against the build
ing She has n record of killing three other Keep
ers. Yesterday the man who had charge or GYPSY
resigned, and could be found to take his
place so the novel plan adopted OF making
public show Of her execution and exhibit her stuned
hide with the show.
New-York tribune., 1896-12-12
EaRp WANTED FOR MURDER IN ARIZONA.

Tucson Ariz.. Dec 11.-Wyatt carp and Others
stand indicted for the murder OF Frank Stilwell
in Tucson, on March 20. 1882. They were outlawed
several months and could not be TAKEN and left
the Territory. The indictment has never been dis
nnsed of.
New-York tribune., 1896-12-12

IN THE EVENT OF WAR WITH THE UNITED
sTATEs-THz POPE is SAID TO HAVE

Iondon Dee 11-"The Daily News will to-
morrow publish n dispatch from Rome. saying IL
IS said there that Spain has asked the Pope 10 as
certain through the Papal Nunoos at the various
canitols whether any Of the Powers would support
her i'm The event of with the United Stdt,S, w
Interfere in Spain's behalf at the right moment
New-York tribune., 1896-12-12
LITTLE DOUBT AS TO MACEO's DEATH
AUTHENTIC INFORMATION ARRIVES IN PHILA
DELPHfA FROM REVOLUTIONARY
AGENTS IN CUBA

rm'adephia. Dec. livery little doubt remains
:" .uoan circles in this city Of the death OF An
VINO Maceo. the Cuban leader. News came TO
.sno Today from private sources which acknowi-
sssea mat no further doubt OF Maceo's death can
~Hs s. Ihis Information comes directly from the
6ns.Sh agents the island, and Is intended 10
Sesidern ne uncertainty In the minds OF the Cubans
noi,stenit mere. II characterized as being aD-
s'sV authentic. and as making an end OF any
New-York tribune., 1896-12-12
THE PROTOCOL CAN'T bic MODIFIED:

THIS GOVERNMENT TO WITHDRAW ITS SUPPORT
IF VENEZUELA OBsTRUcTs A SETTLEMENT.
London. Dec. 1.-THE Chronicle publishes Q
special dispatch from Washington saying that Mr..
Storrow. counsel for the Venezuelan Government Il
the boundary dispute. has asked Secretary Oney
whether the protocol can be modified
The writer Of the dispatch asserts tina, Mr. Oh
ney will! not consent TO any modification In the
protocol and adds that II Venezuela obstructs q
settlement Of the boundary question the United
states will withdraw Its support
New-York tribune., 1896-12-12

THE II O'CLOCK noon train for Boston has been
discontinued. The time OF the IL A. M. has been
quickened. due Boston 4:40 p. m. hours and "
ninutes.-(Advt.
New-York tribune., 1896-12-12
possibility that the accounts Of the Generals tragic
end could be untrue.

ITALIANS HONOR MACEOS MEMORY.
slGNOR 1MBR1ANI MAKES A REMARKABLE SPEECH
IN THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTTEs-DA FELICE-
GIUFFRIDA Is ALLEGED TO HAVE OF
FERED HIS SERVICES TO CUBA.
Rome. Dec IA sensation created In the
Chamber Of Deputie; to-day when Signor I'M
briani. the leader of the Socialist party In the
Chamber. arose and said that in the name OF the
Italian Radicals he sent the Cubans salutati
TO the noble memory Of General Antonio Maceo
who had died for his country. Rebellion" he de-
clared. is not only the right, but the duty Of tho
oppressed. and glory comes to those who die in
such cause.
The remarks of Signor Imbriani received
with prolonged applause.
Sgnor da Felice- -Ciuffrda, the well-known So
ciast member of the Chamber of Deputies. is
alleged to have made offer to the Central Cuban
Committee to take several hundred of his friends
TO Cuba to join the insurgents.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
pied N esrnaay.

A cablegram has just been received
by Mrs. Julie wipprecht Of this city,
announcing the death Of her iather,
Prof. Erns, Kapp, at Dusseldorf, Ger
many, Dr.. Kapp was born in Ger
many Oct 10, lsOs, and graduated from
the University Of Bonn, receiving the
degree Of Doctor OF Philosophy when
only twenty one years Of age.
He was for many years professor oi
languages, history and geography IN
Minden, Prussia, and while there wrote
n celebrated work on Comparative Ge'
orraphy. Dgring these years he wal
the associate and intimate friend oi
Humboldt and Carl Ritter.
During the revolution OF le&o Dr
Kapp's liberal views and writings vert
such that he believed his hopes Of pro.
motion and success in his native land
were blighiel, and therefore he can't
a Texas in 1919, settling on the frontiel
al Sisttrlae, nov Ia Kendall county
lie was ,trong sympathizCr with th'
south during the Civil war, and ha'
great ove for her heroes.
In 1855 he was called to GeTmany :
settle some family matters. cxpecunl
to return ia a short time 20 Texas, bu
having been detained several year
longer than he anticipated, and be
coming ged la literary WORK, be r.
mained in Germany until bis death,
Since his returns to Germany he ha
published a work 10 which he devote.
much time in Texas, called the Phi
I losophv Of Technics. This work ha
given him pace among the urst th,n'
ers Of Germany lie ever maintaine
great interest in the growth Ond pros
perity Of his adopted country. ID
kapp len four children, eighteen grand
children and ihity six g'eat-Eran'
children, most Of whom live In Texal
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
GOMEZ CROSSES THe LlEE.
Goes Through the Tsteha without IN
oountsrlng Any Obsiace.

Goes Through tho TFteha without IN.
oountsring Any obsiae'e.
uAvANA. Fe5. The startling nows
has reached here that Maximo Gomez,
accompanied by iO)0mounied m9u, sue.
oeedcd last Thursday Ia rocrossing the
trocha. or military line. established by
the spaniaris between Havana and
Batahano He crossed a few miles south
Of Bcjucal. near Buona Ventura. which
is about 10 miles north Of Qaiyican. AZ
the same time he destroyed a small cul.
vert. tore up the RAILROAD tracks, cut the
telegraph wires aud crippled tlie section
Of tho railroad b,twsen Rinoon and
Quivican.
People wonder how Gomez cvaded
the Spanish columns. how it was posi-.
sible ior him O. rccross aal practically
cut through the wall Of men Of which
the Spanish generals expected 50
much.
Al tho very time Gomez played this
trick on the spanish guard along the
trooha. Goncral Marin. the acting gov.
ernor general Of Cuba, who hal left la.
vaua tho same day a. the head Of the
best equipped force put In the Geld dur
ing tho present rebellion, was slumbcr.
ing quietly, surrounded by his troops,
at San Antonio DO Los Bauos, abou, 10
miles east OF Guanaiay. While Gomez
was coming east and approaching, Gen
Marin aud his corps were going west on
q train from Rincon towards Guanaiay.
Gomez routo Of march was parallel
with that OF Marin and not more than
from 10 10 miles distant at any time.
Ye, they did not mce,. General Marin
did not learn until Friday morning that
Gomez was in the east again. The hrsi
intimation reached him by rounda'
bout telegram from Qaiyloan
An exceedingly large number Of peo
pie have been leaving Cuba in the past
fortnight and it seems a. II the exodus
has only just begun. Eyory steamer
leaving Havana carries hundreds o'
families, no, only 20 th' Unitad States,
but also TO Mexico, South America ant
West Indian ports Steamship agent
talk Of putting ON extra steamers q
carry the passengers away.
Business hero 4, practically at
slandstil. Mcrcl hnta who have store
full are unable to sell thoir wares owinI
10 the interruption Of traffic on th
railroad lines running from tho coas
points to the interior Of the island
: Some sugar plantations in the extrom
9 eastern provinces OF the island are grind
\ ing, others bel ng afraid to operate. A
j. who aro grinding are doing 90 unde
strong military guard, and hcinv con
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
PRIoEs M ANo NoW


An Ola na,bock Pound which Was
Used Eighty-Iwo YeaFs Aso.
Rrp Bun. Ills, Feb. S-Wiliiam
Lohrburr OF this city has in his posses.
zion a very odd relic, which he received
from an old resident OF Kaskaslia last
week It the page OF an old daybook
and Is torn aud decayed from age. Il
mas the datss OF charges in 1874. and is
consequently 50 years old. In It are
.hc names Of Ninian Edwards. second
governor, and William Reynolds, third
governor o. this state. and many other
citizens residing in Ia ask.a. then the
capital OF Illinois
1. is interesting O. compare the prices
% 50 years ago with those OF the presen,
date. A pair oi cotton hos' was charged
a. AZ 90; bottle Of wine. Sis5; canton
aanuel, en- per yasd; calico, 8lis cents
ror YARD aud iron spoons, s2 Sd per doz
ca. Tho book was found by o. number
ol worsmen while tearing down an old
ssoso ANA scnt 90 this city by an old rca
idont oi that place.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

Tirst Degree Murdsr Given the 50. Louis
Muiionaire.

UNioy. No. Feb The celebrated
case of Dr. Arthur Daurrow. the S.
Loais mulioaa,r,. who has been on trial
during the past mouth for the cold
blo5doi murder Of bis wife aud baby
two wears ago. ondcd Sunday, the jury
returning O verdict % guilly in the lrst
Gcgrcc After arguments that took up
the greater portion OF Saturday aud
lasted until almost midnight, when the
case was given % the jury, the mem.
bers went 90 rost without con.
dderiug it Yesterday morning the
jury took up the case aud on the first
ballo, unanimously found the defendant
guilty % murder Ia the first degree
When the result % the iury's doibcr.
ations were mado known the Dcustgow
counsel stated that an appeal 60 the su-
premo court would bo made.
Doustrow rcosiycl the vcriic, calmly.
He sat smoking a cigarette as the judge
read tho paper handed in by the jury.
IS lar as external appearances so, hc
was the coolest man IN the courtroom
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
A SLAUGHTER IN CUBA
Spanish Volunteers Murder
Women and Children.
as BAD As TURKS AND KURDs.

Forty-siH starving cubaus, Thirty oi
whom Were womsn, Were Shot Down
In = Mercllcss Manner This Was Done
necause They Cheerei the infurgenis'
who Had Given Them Food.
KY WEST, F.a, 3.-some time
ago when the insurgents entered saban.
lila the spanish official report stated
that they were driven out by the gar
rison and that unfortunately three
women wero killed by stray bullets,
The truth Of what happened there
has just been learned, and it shows tho
spaniards 10 BE- acting as barbarously
In Cuba as the Kuris In Armenia sa'
banilla, which Is an important town IN
MAtanzas province. was entered By 800
insurgents under Garcia. The Spanish
regulars rotreated 10 the barracks and
made no resistance. The Spanish vol
unteors. however, roireatei 20 q church
and fred on the insurgents. The insur'
gents returned the FIRE, killing five vol
unteers. Tho volunteers then ceased
firing.
The inhabitants received the insur.
gents joyfally aud many poor people,
who had eaten nothing bat cane, were
fed by Garcia who made tho merchants
open their stores aud tod the people 70
take food. Thirty stores were looted q!
provisions and one siorokecper was shot
for resisting Tho insurgents then re-
tired
A soon as they had gone the Spanish
volunteers came ont n the church and
opened fre on the people ia the streets
Forty.sx We're killed. 30 Of whom were
women ard children. Their only Oh
fense was cheering the insurgents aud
taking food % save themselves from
starvation. Af,or shooting these peopl'
the volunt oFs TOOK 10 Cubans who hal
SURRENDERED On promise % amnesty
aud shot them In cold b,0)A
Two thousand men. women aud chit
dfoa have reached Ma,anzls from sa
bAnilla. They nsd fearing further mas
sacros BY the Spanish volunteers.
These arc facts Won hal Tor by Mayo
Juan Ga.vez Of saoau.lia. who is IN Ia
vana to ask General Marin to punisl
the volunteers
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

William Whoelock & Co., piano
manufacturers. has made an assign
mont Liabilities. t255. 900; assets, moi
stated.
Tho gold reserve Is sn. Si5. .507.
General Coppinger's elevation 20 brig
adler general was confirmed by the sen
ate BY a vote Of 4ttol. The American
Protective association fought his promo
tion because he Is a Catholic.
A stranger was held up at Longview,
Tex. aud robbed Of fl0.
Frank Thompson and Willis Sanders
Tough; a street duel az Johnson City
Ills Both were fatally wounded.
The population Of Mexico is i2,5i2.
o5L
!. II. Tolliyer was mangled by q train
At Bloomington, Ills.
Mrs. Ezekiel Webster. sister.in.lAw Of
Daniel Webster. died al Concord. n. H.,
ia her Goth year
The Georgia Midland railroad wal
sold at auction FOR S50o.0O0.
J. L. Giles was given a l7.yeAr sen.
tence for the McAfee murder al Lin
o,n. Nob.
The postal treaty between the United
States and Mexico went into effect lasl
saturday.
Three ox senators Of OHIO have bser
indicted Cor bribery.
Ed Taylor got a life sentence for kill
ing q policeman az Madison, Ind.
Disbarment proceedings have beer
brought against Assistant Attorney
General Campbell At Wichita. Kan.
Il is said that William X VANDERBILT
is engaged q an English Duchess.
The Democrats elected a successor g
the late Representative Wilson in Ken
tucky He win vote for Blackburn.
Miss Olivia Washburn drank poisol
through mistake at Lafayette, Ind, an'
died in great agony.
During January Sl2,OOo,oOO in gol'
was coined.
Al the government mints are nov
running full time.
Judge W. T. Gillian, a pioneer o
Missouri, Is dead.
Colonel Ephram Mclean died at Ca
weston. Tex
Steamer So. Paul is still stuck In tn
sand on Long Island.
Graverobbers were forced to replace
body az For, Wayne, Ind, at the poir
Of a pistol
Tho body % a woman was found Z
Fort Thomas. Ky. She had been b
headed and the head was missing.
New York bankers have everythin
in readiness to take up the bond issu
20 be loi on; on "Wednesday.
The German Federal council h
adopted the sugar tax bill.
Germany is determined TO oolleO. h
claim from Venezuela.
King Otto o. Batavia. who is insan
will be declared civilly dead and Prin'
: Luilpold will be declared king.
One woman and two men suicide
! In Philadelphia.
. According to law there has not been
/ legal marriage IN Rhode Island for
, years. An act will have 20 be pass
by the legislature before they viii
valid.
Lieutenant Robert +. Carmody. :
tired. died "a Georgetown, d. C.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
ReTALlAToRY MEASURES.
Move on Foot to Oct Even with Ger
many or Insurance. Companies

Move on Foot q Oct EFon with Ger
many or InsurAnes oompaniss.
NEW YORK. Feb. 3-Tho resolution
calling on tho president for all cor
respondenoo between the United States
and Germany regarding the exclusion
Of American life insurance companies
from Germany, which has just passed
the house. Is said to be a move against
the policy Of retaliation against Ger.
many
New York is the first state 70 take &C.
tion and Ia both the senate aud house
Of its legislature. A measure has been
introduced which provides that all for
eign insurance companies shall be dc.
nied any aud every privilege In the
transaction Of business within the state
which ia not accorded 70 American com.
panies in the homo states Of these for.
oiRn corporations.
Unless Germany recsdes from tho
barring OF American insurance com.
pauios Ia that empire II Is believed that
every state In the United States will
take up the matter and exclude every
German insurance company from bust.
ness Ia its domain. II this is done II
will be unnecessary fo5 y9ngress to take
any action
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

poilod 10 feed the troops tho profits ara
very small Ono or two plantations. Il
Is said. have obtained permission from
Comes % start their machinery.
At Cons,ancia 400 regulars and Coz
civil guards arc encampod on and about
the plantation 70 protect the men ai
work. Small stone fortrosses have
been erected at equal distances around
the plantation, an being connected By
Telephone. The troops use these a.
lookingout places 30 attempt has
been mado 20 Gar 90 interfere with
grinding there.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
Balardi snow IMMINENT,

This invaluable remedy Is one tha
shou 4 bo in every household, it cures
rheumatism, NEURALGIA sprains, cuts,
D. huisos. burns, fosioi feet and ears,
sore throat and sore rhe.t lfSou have
amt hack twill cure You. 10 pane.
tra.es o. thc scat of ,hc disease. IL will
cure suI joints and contracted mu,
clos after all o,herr NEEDLES have failed.
Ih So who have been cripp'cs for yeas
have used nallard's Snow Linimeni
aud thrown away their crdtehes aud
hccu able 10 walk as we'll a. ever. II
viii cnre you. Price 80 cents. SOLD by
Geo. w. Norrel.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

Parties we're in from lola Yesterday
TO ,ure a coffin iron Undertaken J. F..
Parks aud reported the death Of Mr..
George c. Scott, well sknown and
prominent citizen Of lola, which oc-
CURED sunday afternoon ate O'Clock,
resulting f.om pneumonia. Mr.. Scott
vas about iO.years old and leaves a
wife and .iX children.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

HAyASA. Feb. 8.--Ten prisoners who
were arrested no Lines Folia for com.
rlci.y ia ihc murder Of three soldiers
navo blon taken 90 Santiago de Cuba.
Tho five prIsoners o. war, captured IN
Pinar del Rio province. have been
brought to this city and placed In Moro
castle
a report has been received from Man
zillo that tho well known insurgent
leader. Francisco Rlbi. has died from
wounds received in battle.
In q fkrmish near san Felipe, Ha-
vana province, six insurgents were
wounded.
Tho column Of Vienna fired upon La
cFote's band at the plantation Of Carloto.
near Jovolianos. and killed s.z Of the
iu.urgents
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

Willie out riding Sunday afternoon
Stuart Boatwrieht was thrown from .
horse and had bic left arm broken
above the elbow. The accident Was ex-
tremely painful and hard for q little
l0-year Old lad to bear Stuart is the
bright Young son Of Mr.. and Mrs. II,
o BoatWright. We arr glad 10 learn
heis getting along nicely. As the
bones OF children knit together rapidly
be will doubtless be well again In sn
incredibly short time.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
Prof. Huissn ts Lecture.

Prof c. W. Hulson, Of the A. aud NJ.
College, will deliver an address at the
court house here Friday night, Feb. IA,
subject. The Amount Of Preparation
Necessary 20 Enter Texas Schools OF
High Slafding" The lecture occurs
during the next meeting of the county
Institute and is designed principally
for the benefit Of teichers In attendance,
though all ale invited and will find the
discourse both entertaining and IN
structive.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

Are you hiliou
bled with iaundA
taste IN the mod
tongue, dyegeps
skin. pain in
shoulders, chills
have any Of n
liver Il cat Of or
slowly Icing p|
liver does not 4
Tlll cure any
stomach or buwl
q liver medicine
stial bottles At
r0ge.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
ma cr.nhea wsrk In assrrla.

FL PAso. Tex. Feb S-John 7. Bones
of Augusta. Ca, has been arrested here
ami sent back 20 Georgia charged with
the cmbezz ,mont Of SEQ, 900 in a cotton
brokerage transaction. He was about
leaving ior the city o. Mexico.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

BERLIN. Fob 3.-rhe Grand Du'hois
Of Oldenborr IS dead. She was born in
tss6. and as Elizabeth. princess Of Sax ;.
Allouburg. she was married ia 1852 &
tho Grand DnSe of Oldonhurs.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

The minstrel II
night for the Be
phan Home waa
ager Mike londoI
era house free, al
good, The md
catchy, and the
nearly all ffesh
hne local hits.
resplendent IN
surpassed II sou
who have bcen|
were too plenui'
detail. Thoso
performances we'd
femus. inlarIaru|
d Roberts, bon'
Sparks. temboe|
Gamer, John IN
Bonneville, p
dlef, Sid Beard
little Douglass
everybody. The
hundrsd doiiAft
ielegraphei aha !
play Navasota
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
PLoTTlNo AGAINST HYPPouTG.
An Alleged Agent Tron Hayu Said %
Ne working secretly.

~ ""a"A"H ""NAH-af -
NEW YonE, Feb 3-An alleged
agent Of the Haytan revolutionary
party has been in this city and Brook.
lyu for several days past. secretly no.
goiiadng for the purchase Of q steamer.
Hc avows bis intention Of soading q
large quantity Of arms and ammunition
70 Hayh lt is known that this agent
has malc ovorturcs % General Domingo
Domana., leader of che revolution ro-
Gently abandoned in Venezuela, for
chaFierng tho tramp steamer C'1Fmate,
on which the general went from here 20
VeneElela As tho C.assmnts did rot
retarn to ih.s city and is now supposed
20 be in a European port this project Is
said % have been abandoned.
Thus far the revelation ia Hayt
against Hyppoiito has received vory ht-
&c support from the better class o. poo.
pie of that country, and no leader u
the movement has as yet asserted him
self Thero De- n considerable sentiment
against the govCEnmcnt OF President
Hyrpoiiic. however. and several promi-
nent asitaiors are anxiously awaiting O
chance t0 overthrow rho uresiifrt
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

Frank CLARKE
opened upA med
over the Morch4l
bank.
II. V. Shields
uonery store in'
door 10 \. J.
Christian and 81
their gun and I'll
you arprecif
ertson's for your
Remember MI
selling millinery
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

MADmD. Feb 3-Mart.naz Campos,
the retiring captain general Of Cuba,
has arrived at C0rrunna, where ho was
accorded o. favorable reception.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

Corn, oats, HI
meal and huI1
Prompt delivery
anteed. Your ir|
06-u
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
F(lM

A honse with
acres Of grouHd.
Caldwell street
A two-eiory hT.
ttreet.
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
Houston


EmbEaeInsA,
sion one and
cOurthouse. inst|
ton. This mcld
ing. Cor Waae h
last year upon ID
residence III
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04

YoC can save money II you have
houses To rent by giving Dick Jones 4
Co. your agency. They have appli.
cations ior houses every day. n
The Bryan daily eagle. (Bryan, Tex.) 1895-1898, 1896-02-04
The NEWS N BRIEF.

William Wheelock g. Co, piano
manufacturers. has made an assign
mont Liabilities. t255. 900; assets. moi