Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-07-12

attended the congresses, but that year the .new trade unionism" of John Burns was in the ascendancy in Great Britain and he and shis fellows saw the words political supremacy written in iridescent letters just ahead. This brought about the sending of many English delegates to Zurich, and it was because of their influence there that London was fixed upon as the location of this years gathering and the invita- tions were broadened so as to include trade unionists as we'll as socialists. Since 1893, however, there has been a notable change. The unskilled laborer, who had come to the front in the Eng fish labor movement by reason of the dock laborers' strike has lost much of his leading, and Burns, Tom Mann, Ben Tillott, Keir Hardie and the others who had usurped the places of the old time union leaders are far less promi- nent figures than they were. The Eng fish Independent labor party that put these and other men into parliament has lost much of it's power and most of its legislative seats.
 At the Cardiff congress of English trade unionists, an out and out social iStie platform-for the "collective own ership of all means of production and distribution was adopted and q com mittee with John Burns at it's head was appointed to raise a stiff campaign fund. Of the thousands of pounds which it was hoped and expected would be subscribed, only q paltry ( t40 was pledged and several of the most power full English labor organizations, like the ship builders and the boiler makers, have fallen away from the new move ment. In these circumstances, and also because the American Federation of Labor, the greatest affiliated body oi trade unonists in the world, has de- clined utterly to send delegates, the London congress will probably devote little time or attention to British or American trade unionism, but will be occupied chiefly with the big fight be- tween the Marxists and those who sympathize with Domela Niewenhuis. the great leader of the social democrats of Holland. Neither are British work men likely to take much interest in the congress, in spite of the fact that for the last six months such English socialists as Edward Aveling, Tom Mann, James Mawdsley, William In skip and the other members of the ''or ganizing committed" (to which, by the way, John Burns does not belong} have been frantically striving to awal en the English toilers to the im- portance of the gathering.
 The Marxists and Their Opponents.
 1t is the chief aim of the Marxists. among whom are Rebel, Lieblnecht and many other German socialists, to bring about the universal adoption by European workinganen of the political plan for the reiuvenation of society. They hold that there must be no com promise. that the fight must be made along political lines alone. More than that, they deplore the securing of bet ter conditions by trade union methods. since they claim such amelioration of existing evils only tends to put off the time when the workingmen will rise in their might and upset things at whole sale. The MarXists are especially bit ter against Niewenhuis, because he diff ters radically with the MarNian policy. Theoretically he is as pronounced a socialist ss any of the Germans, but he believes heartily in the methods of the trade unions. and in production by voluntary cooperation, rather than h