The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1896-12-22
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ably all other authorities agree that the
entire fabric of European supremacy
whether in Asiatic Turkey, Persia, AT
ghanistan, India, Siam, or China, rests
on the-right of Intervention.
AMERICAN PRECEDENTS.
The American precedents are handled
exbaustively.
after tracing the uprisings in Mexico,
Venezuela, Chile and the Argentine Re-
public against Spanish rule, the report
says:
"Tbe question of Intervention began in
1917. The Spanish government appealed
TO the European powers for aid. The
car openly took sides with Spain.
IN October, 1917, the Russian govern
1nent instructed its amba ssador in Lon
dor &c press on the British government
the great Importance of Intervention.
President Monroe decided. as early as
April, 1918, 10 discourage European med
3ation. In August he made formal
proposal to the British and French gov
ernmeuts for a concerted and conteEn-
porary recognition of Buenos Ayres,
whose defacto in dependence made that
country the natural object OF first step
towards the establishment of a general
policy In December he notified both
governments that he had patiently wait
Rd, without interfering in the policy of
the allies, but as they had not agreed
upon anything and as the fact of the in
dependence OF Buenos Ayres appeared
established. he thought that recognition
was necessary. In January, 1919. he an
bounced TO them that he was actually
considering the measure.
Thus all parties had agreed as early
hs 1917 and 1918, upon the propriety Of
Intervention between Spain and her col
pnies. Both the United States and Eu
rope asserted that the time had come;
they disagreed only as 20 the mode.
When President Monroe interposed his
fat that no interference could be coun-
fenanced by him except upon the basis
Of independence, he dictated in advance
the only mode OF Intervention which he
meant to permit. If he waited before
rarryirg il out it was only because, in
actual BALANCE of European and Ameri-
ran power, he felt that isolated action
might injure the cause he had determ-
ined to help.
He waited in vain. Neither England
nor any other power moved again.
INDEPENDENCE DE FACTO.
after delay of four years from the
Time when he began his policy, the Greek
revolt in Europe and the military sue
cesses Of Bolivar and Iturbide in Ameri-
IA gave the desired opportunity, and
Monroe sent to congress his celebrated
message of March 6, 1922, recommending
the recognition OF all the revolted colo
MES of Spain. Mexico, Colombia, Chile
and Buenos Ayres.
These countries asked no more They
based their claim on their independence
de facto and Monroe admitted its force.
The provinces he said. which have de-
rlared their independence, and are in the
Enjoyment Of it, ought to be recognized
He added that the measure is pro-
posed under a thorough conviction that
1t is in strict accord with the law of ma
tons In reality, ii created the law. so |
TAR as its action went. and its legality |
was recognized by no European power
Nevertheless, Monroe's act, which ex- |
tnguished the last hopes Of the Holy Al |
lance in America. produced the deepest |
senSation among European conserva tives |
and gave to the United States eXtraor- |
binary consideration. England used it |
as a weapon at the congress of Verona |
TO threaten the other powers when thew
decided on intervention in Spain. Slow
'y Canning came wholly over to the side |
of Monroe, as France and Austria forced
his hands in Spain.
THE MONROE DOCTRINE.
"The principal thus avowed by Cam
hing added little to the European law
ed by Monroe created an entire system
OF American Jurisprudence AS an iso-
lated act 1t meant little, but in Monroe's
view 1t was not an isolated act; il was
part OF system, although new and
wholly American.
Monroe lost no time in doubts or hes
Itation. In his annual message of De-
cember. 1928, he announced the principle
(the Monroe Doctrine) that the new ma
tons which his act alone had recognized
as Independent, were by the act placed
outside the European system, and that
the United States would regard any at
tempt to extend that system among them
as uhfriendly to the United States
from that day to this the American
people nave. always and unanimously,
supported and approved the Monroe doc
trine. They needed no reasoning TO prove
mat 1t was vital to their safety.
JACKSON AGAINST GROVER.
The report then takes up the recogni-
ton of Texas, and quotes at length from
the executive and congressional utter
ances preceding that action.
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