The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1896-07-02

thority, neither has the right 10 impose
by force its decision on the other. but
must appeal To power paramount TO
either. whose decision is hnai and binding
on both q Calhouns Works. 236-2ii-270.
NOT REVOLUTIONARY
This doctrine is not revolutionary nor
anarchlcal, and If the Constitution be the
basis OF the Federal Union, II Is preserva-
tive and the sure foundation Of the Union
itself. There never was IN the councils or
the country a purer patriot, or one more
dlsinterostedly attached TO our political
Institutions and the union or the states.
than Mr.. Calhoun. The nulincaton or the
Northern States was the arbitrary as
sumption OF town meetings. State courts,
separate legislatures. 10 determine finally
the grants OF the constitution, ana 10
exempt their people from obligation 10
the Federal compact and to make null and
imperative the laws OF the Union. The
nuilincation by communities, courts, Iegis-
laturcs OF Northern states. was Qn hot
haste) fiagrant violation Of a clear prOyi-
sion OF the articles OF agreement between
the states aud there was not pretehcc
OF resort 10 prescribed arDlter. Inc
nuiufcati0n 0f South Carolina was n de-
mand for stay of judgment aginst rob
berry Of her people through bounties OF
protective tariffs uncOnstituiiOnaliy levied
FOR favored interests of the North, until
there could be an appear 70 the tribunal
provided by our sagacioUs fathers TOR tho
settlement OF such disputes. The con-
trast between the two kinds Of nulliica-
ti0n IS the contrast between order ana
anarchy. between law and misruie, De
tween calm judgment and respect for the
rights Of other contracting parties ana
passion. prejudice. arrogant assumption
/ Of absolute authority
The Virginia resolutions or '%' declare
that IN case of n dangerous exercise OF
powers not enumerated in the Consutu-
ton. the States. who are parties TO the
compact, "have the right and are IN duty
hound 10 interpOse for arresting the pro-
lress Of the evil. and FOR maintaining
. within their respective limits the author
tiles. rights. and liberties appertainlng 10
them" The kentucky resolutions OF ~
affirm that aacn state reserved 20 IT'S own
self-g0vernment the residuary mass or
,fndelacatod movers. and that each party
(statc, has an equal right 10 Judge for
itself as we'll Of infractions a. OF tho
n,oda and measure or redress" tMadlson
fn his report. as adopted by tho Virginia
4 LEGISLATURE. said: "The States, being the
| nartf-s 10 the constitutional compact ana
I I'm their sovereign capacity, IL follows OF
4 necessity that there can be no tribunal
above their authority to decide IN tne
last resort whether the compact maze
bv them be violated and consequently
/ that. MS parties TO it they must them
/ solves decide I'm the last resort such queS-
/ tons as may bc OF sufficient magnitude as
require their intcrposiuon.' As sald our
crcab statesman. Language cannot ne
more explicit. nor can higher authority
be- adduccd." n Calhoun, 595-535.)
/ NOTHING SHORT OF DESPOIlsM.
Tho principle that the General Govern
mont IS the exclusive judge Of the extent
Of the powers delegated 90 be stops noth-
/ in,, short of dc-uOtsm-since the dlscie-
ton of those who administer the govern
menf. and not the Constitution, would DE
+ the measure of their power. Clnese ana
+ tho Nirefnfa resolutions and Madison re-
/ mort were promulgated at time wh'h
+ tha encroachmcnts OF the Federal 1oNeln-
/ r,,nt ON the rights reserved 90 the states
agI peonle threatened to break down
AN barriers Of the Constitution IN e7l""-
fishing bv successive precedonts sueh "
rsod. Of constituting the instrument as 20
4 ran..c every restraint upon ieu'i"l
poworJ The principles m the language vi
/ Jefferson, saved the constitution even "I
/ lis last gasp" ani brought nack tn" '''-
eminent 10 'n' purify .''.' ,'...''r.,., ,,.,cb
Wni'h DC ""u .' ,,,- ,,or,,ae OF
/ SlAle i' "' '' .t ,s tb.
] rights reserve" D." ','' ,.,,ntr
+ neral ho'-i'..l'' ,,, r,,.r iusr,ce
lne powers ~. rl.o "a, novors
I of eotereignty ara divided between ihe
/ Government of tile Union and those oil
the States Thcy ara each sovereign
/ with respect 90 the oDj'c'S 'oiliil''Vu ~
/ 30. but neither sovereign WIN respect 10
I the objects committed '" 'ne o'',i - -
ne true '."l ,.i. ,i'o,.,e .r. ,re sY-
/ made lh p~.''"'D .,,,. ,r,,c
H.. -. 80 ,,- r-,ited states. made not
'l''. ....,,.. ,t,,.or cannot be tho su-
'' p'' - 49,. i.,.i D,
/ pieNNe Jaw ol '-. .',t.,. ,,,4.ro5 nuoa-
the same spur. ,.''. r'.,l.r,,,.- tnclf,ves
toiy tne GOV ''.'-.', -, ~ Ma,
/ from iaDoi' MAJ N'' $50 IL, e,o,,s
I.' o.I,.,-,,. ,,,,ff,eod 3D., laws Of Con-
ana HoNefHo,s D",''.'D1 ''' D. 10. - e,,r,,,
| efess' gave alh "Nn .o"'l".' W. ~ -, -.
| while burning the o"pl,ol' anu -. 90
if they hah no common uu1y iH ',-s,,,7
| the flag, IN resl'lins INV "''o" d. 80,
! ing our soil ana country. II n's
| be unworthy or note 'hal 'ne "''1 -
| OF disunion by Massachusetts MAs W'l'lo
/ her people were eneased III I"e s,''e 49,
trade. Tne nrst instance OF i,D''iio.'
by state against the Federal "oFelh-
/ ment was that OF MASSACHUSETTS, """ Oh
the ground tnat sho was Justlnel uy l'he
/ doctrine Oh state rights and state so'er-
efrnt,. In her declarations and deeds or
bortfiitv She lntcrposed her sovereignty 70