The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1896-03-26

"NN
TREATMENT n MATERIALS.
After FIVE years investiga ion, ]
have no ~hesitancy in saying that
proper use OF the copper sulphate
treatment is thoroughly effective,
very simple, inexpensive, and at pres.
-ent, the most satisfact DRY for tie ex-
tensive farming OF the northwest.
/. FoRMULA.-Five pounds Of cop
per sulphate to 20 gallons OF wat er.
Make up several barrels OF it. eau.
tion.-See that you have copper spl-
phate, C u so4, not col peras.
9. FoRMULA.-Make up p quantity
of lime wa er; one pound ol quick
lime TO ten gallons OF water.
3. Air slack line.
METHODS OF APPLICATION.
Caution No matter what method,
the iIea is TO wet each grain of wheat
Ill over, but, at same time, 10 allow
it to soak up as little OF the solution
rs possible.
/. TO treat in large quantities: 4.
Pile the wheat upon the floor, place q
spraying pump having a suitable hose
and sprayin nozzle into tie copper
sulphate solution. spray he pile
with u strong line spray and keep
shoveiing rapidly. In this way the
wheat will become tborou.hIy wet
with the slightest possible amount of
the poison. Constant shoveliDg and
care in the spraying is very import
ant. b One-half hour later spray on
some Of the lime water and sho, ell il
over as before, or II you use ar slack
I'd lime, dust thoroughly with that
and shovel over.
A sprInkiingcan may be substituted
or the spray, but it Is not nearly sc
satisfactory, because one gets the so.
luton on evenly.
2. For wheat with lots OF smut
balls in it, make n wide box, q foot or
more in depth. In the middle place q
slide with a wire screen. Balance the
box upon a block near your grain bin.
ill one end OF it about two-thirds full
of the solution, shovel in the grain to
DE treated. Stir it with a rake or
other implement, s,im OFF the float
ng smut balls. Tilt the box so that
the solution will ru n through the
screen. Shovel out the wheat and
lust it slightly with air Stacked lime,
Or sprinkle with the lime water.
3. For small Quantities: Have wire
baskets, boxes with screen bottoms,
Or other perforated receptacles, dip
them into solution, ill in the wheat,
skim of the smut balls, spread out
he wheat, then proceed as in last.
Seeding. Sow all treated grain as
soon as possible. Don't wait for it to
get dry, shovel it up and proceed to
seed it. Most drills will work as well
lpon the { eshly wet wheat as upon
poorly dried lot. II the sprinkling
and %shoveling has been prope,l y done
there will be no water vi IDLE upon
The wheat.
Notes. The object of using the
lime is to stop the poisonous action
Of the copy er. Ii you can drill your
wheat at One you need not use the
inc
Wheat should never be vet long be-
;ore it is seeded. AIM each morning
o treat the amount f,r the days
supply. or else keep one man at it.
With proper facilities, one man can
keep many drills busy.
If it is wished TO keep the wheat for
a time after trea ment it shou d be
sh0veled over until dry. Air Stacked
lime will help to dry 1t.
Proper screening OF seed wheat to
remove weed seeds and weak wheat
is als avs in line with good economies.
A heavy blast will remove most smut
balls This cleaning should be done
before treatment, because some an
broken smut balls may not become
thoroughly saturated with the solu-
ton, and hence the spores not killed.
These may reinfect some OF the wheat
when the balls are afterwards rup-
tured.
DAT sMUT.
The copper sulphate method does
not do for oat smut; because the
smut spores are often lodged inside
the husks, and because the copper So
luton is too poisonous forthat grain.
The hot water treatment is the only
entirely effective ONT yet known, but
the following method gives good re-
suits.
Formula.-Potassium suphide, "liv.
ers OF sulpher." three pounds to fifty
gallons OF water.
Pile the oats and shovel in sufi.
Gent Of the solution to thoroughly
saturate the pile. Give 1T a second