The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1896-09-03
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MRaNn. Garden
CARE OF FARM MANURES.
How to Prevent the Loss of Valuable Fe
tiliziny Materials.

HOW TO prevent the AOeb "a oioo0AC z "a
tilizfng Materials.
In caring for farm manures the main
object is to prevent the loss OF COM
pounds containing nitrogen, potash and
phosphoric acid. In New York station
bulletin is considered briefly some Of
the ways in which this can be accom-
plished The use of litter absorbs the
liquid manure, preserves it to some ex-
tent from immediate decomposition and
also holds more or less of the ammonia
produced by fermentation. thus prevent
ing its escape into the air.
OF the materials in common use peat
has the largest power Of absorbing and
holding liquids; peat moss comes next;
spent tan and sawdust follow; then
come straw and similar materials 1t
has been given as a safe rule to follow
that the litter should at least be equal
to one-third of the dry matter Of the
food consumed. In addition to using lit
ter it is wise to use some other mater1-
ais for absorbing and preserving the
manure. Among such materials are
gypsum Gland plaster), kainit, acid phos-
phate, etc.
Gypsum Gland plaster has the power
of holding ammonia and preventing its
loss 1t must, however, be moist In Or
der to be effective. The best way to use
gypsum is to sprinkle it on the moist
dung or urine. Stables in which the
excrements are properly treated by this
means are noticeably free from offensive
odors as rule. Kainit sprinkled upon
manure tends to check fermentation and
also to attract and hold moisture One
precaution should be observed in the
use of kainit 1t should be kept from
under the feet of animals, since injury
may result to the feet of animals tread
ing on it, It is therefore best applied to
fresh manure and covered with litter.
Acid phosphate contains q considerable
proportion of gypsum, and to this ex-
tent its action is like that of gypsum.
The soluble phosphate in the acid phos-
phate tends to unite with ammonia and
prevent its loss and also to check fer
mentation. A mixture Of acid phosphate
and gypsum is strongly recommended
by some, using them in about equal pro-
portions.
Il VI average ttl1llllS tIt 1Ol1ON
amounts Of different personalities may
be used daily for each individual:
One One One One
horse. COW. pig. sheep.
Pounds. Pounds. Ounces Ounces.
Acid phos... l rs 3 21a
Kainit. As 4. 81
When Il mixture of superphosphate
and gypsum is used, take one-half or
one third Of the amounts indicated
above. One great advantage in using
acid phosphate or kainit is that one is
adding to the manure all important
form of plant food, i'll which the ma
nure is naturally deficient. The price at
which one can get these materials must
determine whether their use is econom-
ical or not
Mixture of different manures, such
as COW and horse manures, is advan-
tageous, since one undergoes fermenta-
ton slowly and the other rapidly. When
mixed, the conditions of moisture are
more easily controlled.
Whether manure is stored in sheds,
| cellars or is protected in some other way,
| observe these precautions: First, the
manure should be spread out uniform
| ly; second, its interior should be protect
| ed against the access of air; third, it
should be kept always moist, but not
| too wet; fourth, it should be protected
from sunshine; fifth, it should be pro-
tected from teaching; sixth, some form
Of preservative should be used in the sta.
| bles in addition to litter.