davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
WHY THE SCHOOL BOARD WAS SURPRISED.
A BOOK on FANCY DRINKS" WAS OFFERED FOR
PUPILS.

A BOOK on FANCY DRINKS WAS OFFERED FOR
PUPILS.
The liquor people were laughing yesterday at a
comical hit scored on the Brooklyn Board of Edu-
cation, which, In some mysterious manner. was
made public last night. The Board receives all
sorts OF communications. They include protests
from anxious parents. who afraid their children
are being overcrowded in their studies; bits OF
choice advice I'm reference to the training Of primary
classes from spInsters who think they know all
about children upbraidngs from parents directed
against some hapless teacher under whose guild
unately been placed; dark hints from coal dealers
who think they acting periodically when they
accuse competitors OF cheating In weight in the
country schoolgirls who have successfully passed
Regents examination. taught one term I'm 'the WELL
known district school In Coon Hollow" and now
want $1,000 positions In the Brooklyn schools. and
in fact. the Board Is in receipt of volume Of COM
municatons possessing Infinite variety In their
scope and afYording times infinite delight to the
people whose duty 1t Is TO read and sort them over
one OF this latter class reached the headquarters
OF the Board In Lvngston-st. yesterday. 1t Is as
follows:
To the Chairman Board of Education. Brooklyn
New-York
Dear Sir: In view OF the fact that the Answorth
Educational bill requires instruction In the prepa-
ration, use and effect OF alcoholic drinks We beg
TO submit for the use OF principals and teachers
OF the public schools OF your city ''Bryons Modern
Bartenders' Guide: or. Fancy Drinks, and How to
I'VE viii contract to furnish this book a, $50 a
hundred copies, delivered at any depository you
may designate.
To this was appended the name of New-York
publishing house
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
WANTTHE SCREWSPUT DOWN
THE LAW ENFORCEMENT SOCIETY IS
HOT AFTER EXCISE VIOLATIONS.

POLICE COMMISSIONER WELI.ES, 1T is CHARGED
is RESPONSIBLE ALONE FOR THE EXIs-
TENcE OF MORE THAN 800 SALOONS
WITHIN THE 2Oo-FooT LIMIT
The matter Of enforcing the laws which are
supposed to govern the saloons OF tAe o''' 40
rapidly assuming a new aspect, inss'n''oh DIS :.
is now openly charged by the H''"1'~'" "
temperance people of the city that t''e H'N0.'0
Board will continue to allow the Ia" u oe -,
lated until disposition is made of the Ranes Dill
The Law Enforcement Society, through us
secretary. T. De Quincy Tully. says that Police
Commissioner Wees alone Is Responsible ioi
the existence Of more than three hundred saloons
within the 2O0-foot limit The captains OF the
various precincts wherein these saloons are i'
Gated have reported them at headquarters so
the society charges Further, superintendent
McKelvey, will give the order to close them VINE"
he receives instructions from the COMMISSIONER
WHY PLACES ARE NOT CLOSED
Secretary Tullv. when seen by Tribune re-
norter in his office yesterday. said: I'VE are now
devoting our time to Mr.. Welles. / cannot see
where the Excise Board has anything to DO WIN
this matter The saloons have been repoi'eu
by the commanders of the different stations anu
the Superintendent has announced MS mteh'io"
of closing them, provided he is permitted 10 ~
so. 1t is clear that Mr.. Welles is the che1 inquire
in this fight for the enforcement of the law we
are fighting him. and we will win
1.-THE Commissioner announced, after consuita-
ton with Mayor Wurster and other oihclais' ina"
as the licenses had been issued by the city 10
these saloon men, they could bring ACTON aeallS'
the city for damages. The law is not peiiis "a,
ried out The men who have applied 1or reheWeis
and whose saloons, 1t was shown, were WITHIN
20O feet of churches have been treated unfairly
The three hundred odd proprletors snouiu iose
their licenses Immediately The fact mat they
have not applied for renewals should not serve az
nermits for them to continue in their unlawfui
sale of spirtuous liquors.
CONDUCTED BY POLITICIANS, HE SAYS.
In conclusion. Mr. Tully said that the Excise
Board was being conducted by two politlciahs-
Weles and Jacob Bremen, counsel to the COM
missioners.
Many of the temperance class are hrn IN theiI
belief that the Excise Board is awaiting tne
signature of Governor Morton to the Raines DILL
When that measure becomes law, al Hcehses
will expire on the first of June. Inc presenl
Brooklyn Board would then have much "oiA
taken off its hands. 49,, .,osa
Jacob Bremen said: I'VE are taking up those
cases as quickly possible. 1t is not true that
the Excise Board is afraid Of bringing ABOUT any
SHIFTS for damages. All the cases Will De as
nosad of in time Each and every one has some
technical feature about it. In one particular case
I had 10 look up title TO find out VINO was tiie
rightful owner of a courtyard. am inaKiHs low
in these cases and they are practically ueIi7ioiis
which in time to come will, or course DC iooheu
upon precedents.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
A GIRLS CONFESSION.

Judge AspnaH. Of the County Court heard a con-
fesslon yesterday. made by Annie Walsh. n young
nu.atto girl. that shc had endeavored to revenge
herself upon Mrs. OBrcn. servant In the house
where she also worked. by liking inscc: powde.
with Mrs. OIrcn's sugar II was only because the
poison was 20 much mixed with the sugar that the
cook detected II at once and I'D not use H. Annie $
story TO the Judge was that she needed little
money and was bashful about borrowing any. She
knew that Mrs. O'Bren had money in a stocking.
80 she marked the stocking and when an oppor-
tunity came extracted s. bill Mrs. OHrIcn sls-
pecicI Annie. however. and her accusations were 80
threatening that the child confessed what she had
done 1t In revenge for the Ntreatment which
she though, she had received at the hands 81 MIS-.
O'Rrlen that she put the insect powder into the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
A CONTEST BASED ON CHARGES OF
DRINKING

Testimony was taken yesterday afternoon by sur
rogate Abbott in the contest the will of Lydia
Wing. who died short time ago. The document
is dated April 49, 1891. and her nephews and neces
who are trying to prevent the probate OF the WILL
allege that at that time she was in the habit OF
drinking to such an extent that she never was III
a fit condition to sign any legal document lhes
a,so a,,eee that she was unduly influenced to make
her will she did. -, -, .o,, -,
crovesend ieft 81 600 TO Albert c. Wing Bowers, OF
Philadelphia $500 the Sleepy Hollow Cemetery nioIs
there in proper condition and the rest of her estate
her daughte inlay RebeGSa n W asagh ana Of
Stenhen Teets. share and share alike Witnesses
Yesterday afternoon said that much liquor was car
red into Mrs Wings room and she drank IT. SJIIre
however that they disposed of part OF the liquor
The witnesses 10 the will were called by the pro,
nonents and testified that when Mrs. Wing signed
he viii she was entirely rational. The hearing was
continued.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
IN THE EASTERN DISTRICT
THAT WOMAN WHO SILENTLY WATCHED
ANOTHER wOMAN's HUSBAND Is
ADMONIsHED IN COURT.
THE MANS STORY WAS THAT SHE LOOKED ~
HIM FROM HER WINDOW AND GIGGLED.

r,v u.N.s STORY WAS THAT SHE LOOKED ~
HIM FROM HER WINDOW AND GIGoLED.
BUT NEVER SPOKE TO HIM
Ma co,har,pe Connors a middle-aged woman
who lives at No. ia Wallabont-st. was In the Les
Avenue Police Court yesterday In response to
summons which william Wagner, OF No. I'D Wall
about-st, caused to be Issued against her on Mon
day In his application for the summons wagner
said that for a long time Mrs Connors had ioi-
lowed him about. although she never spoke 10 MIN.
ue added that no matter which way he turned
the woman was either at his heels or IN front Of
him AT other times she looked at him from hes
,,,ndowa and gggled. She never spoke, he said,
which was the strange part OF the proceedings.
wagner added thar. In his opinion, she was =
hoodoo or something" In conclusion wagner do
manded protection
Mrs Connors was served with the summons on
Tuesday night She is short and stout has five
children. and her husband. Nike Connors, is we'll
known in his section of the city. Mrs. Commons
went to court yesterday with her husband Wag-
ner was on hand with his whole family-his wife,
three sons and a daughter. When the case was
called the Wagner contingent was the first to
respond Wagner told to tell his story. He
did so with the assistance OF a lawyer.
"I can't understand he sa!d what this woman
means by annoying me. She is after all the
time and yet never speaks to me. 1t has been 60
ing on for several years and it's about time that
a stop was put to It. Why, only last Saturday
night when | went to the BARRIERS. the first thing
[ saw was she looking through the BARRIERS win
dow There she stood. looking straight at me- It
was terribly annoying.
Wagner called his wife to corroborate what he
said.
Every word" she exclaimed. SIS true; end.
what's more. saw her going to the barber-shop
and with my daughter. went there. When Mrs.
Connors saw u.s. she ran away with all her might
At other times have seen her at her window
waving a red and white handkerchief at my hus-
band Her conduct is more than l can under.
stand"
Wagner's children told the story.
Mrs Connors in her defence, and with the
aid OF her lawyer. denied all that was said about
her Her lawyer added that, II there were any
thing at all In the case. II was just a harmless
Irritation to which nobody could take offense.
Justice Goettng was evidently satisfied tina, there
was some truth In Wagner's etory, for he admon.
.shed Mrs Connors to let him alone and then dis.
missed the complaint.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
ACCUSING HER SISTER.

Mrs. Permel.a Beers. coreiy brunette, who lives
at No All Humboldt-st. had her sister. Julia North
of No. IS Hope-st in the Even Street Police Court
Yesterday retaining $50 belonging TO her. The par
ties are respectfully connected. Mrs. Phoebe North
the mother OF the two was in court and It was 10
her that Mrs. Beers gave the $50 TO keep Mira
North used the money for household expenses. and
when her married daughter asked for 1t. Mrs
North It is alleged told her that Julia had taken It
Julia denied the charge when the case was called
by Justice Lambeer and then the mother stepped
I'D AMI told about the money. Mrs. Beers became
angry and wanted TO know why her mother had
not told her the truth, and not brought Julia 10
court Mrs. North unable TO reply al first and
then said that she was afraid that she would offend
her married daughter. The case dismissed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
AN OPERATION CAUSED HER DEATH.

Mrs Marie fuller White. wife Of Howard L.
White. died at the Long Island College Hospital
Yesterday from the effects OF an operation to re-
move an internal tumor The funeral services viii
take place tonight at her home. No 40 Quncy-st.
Tho circumstances surrounding the case are un-
usually sad. The woman was about nineteen years
old and was married only few months ago to
Mr' White She and her husband were popular In
Twcnty-thrd Ward social circles, ana about week
20 when her family physician advised her to go to
the hospital and subrli to treatment for the tumor
confidence In her ability to successfully Withstand
any ordeal that might be mecessary IN the case
geons conducted the operation, from the effects OF
which she died about four hours later.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
POLICE CAPTAIN KITZER'S DAUGHTER MAR
RIED.

The youngest daughter OF Police Captain and Mrs.
William IL. Kitzer was married on Tuesday night 70
William Happier well-knowH resident OF tho
upper section. In the German Evangelical Reformed
Dutch Church. at Graham-ave and Withers-s''
After the marriage a reception followed at the ram
lily home No Is Harmon Ct. a; which more than 10
guests were present The floral decorations were
beautiful Among the guests were MT ana MIS-
John Welz. Mr. and Mrs. Charles berwick, MI ana
Mrs. Philip Leibinger Mr.. and Mrs. VI. Brown, MI.
and Mrs r. A. Kiian. Mr.. snd Mrs. L. Krug. Mr.
and Mrs. X Wagner. Mr.. and Mrs. l.. C. Pfarre.
julius Pfarre. Mr.. and Mrs. w. Schae'fer. MI ana
Mrs c. Pfarre. Mr.. and Mrs. Smith. Mr. and Mrs
c. II. Stohmann the Rev. w. Wa.enta, Mr.. ana
Mrs p Winsteadter. Mr. and Mrs. Gehardt kraus'
Mr. and Mrs. william Martin. Detectve-serseaht
and Mrs. Finnigan. Detectve-Sergeant ana MIS-.
Donlon Mr.. and Mrs. ~ Walsh. Mr. and Mrs :; a.
Weber. Mr.. and Mrs X. Miller. Miss Ida Miner
G GS n@a Mrs. ar and rl Mrs. NJ. aartn Mr.
Susie Lawson Charles Hndebrandt. the Misses
Martha Hildebrandt and Hnetta Hiiieprand,'
Lewis Scherer,. william Fagan, Miss TILE fagan,
Iiiidebrandt Andrew Bendeke. Miss Guss.e scna.-
sr Charles ENpsh MI na Mn Miss Grace n B.
Kitzer, Mr.. and Mrs. F. Happier. M. and MIS- MIS-
G. HOFFMAN. Mrs Maria Dexheimer Mr. and Mrs
Mrs nf n Dienenbach. Mr.. and Mrs " Matthews.
Mr.. and Mrs Burgraf. Mr. and Mrs; c; VolImer,
Mr. and Mrs. C. voehringer Mr. and Mrs; H, Mrs
f. A. stohlman. William Posteman. Mr.. and MIS-.
Happier Miss l.. Happier Mr. and Mrs; + Rom
meie. Mr. and Mrs. Z. Psarrs. Mr.. and Mrs, Nh n
p Kinsey. Mr. and Mrs, Charles Salg. Mr. and Mrs hrs,
Charles Engelbrecht. Mr. and Mrs william Ha-
Bremen. jr.. Mr. and Mrs Bremen and Mr.. and
Mrs A. Weiman.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
AN INDIGNANT PRISONER.

John Leeper a well-dressed young man. whoss
wife and two children live at No. "a Richardson-s1'
was held for the Grand Jury In the Lee AVehus
Police Court yesterday on the charge OF burglary
Three weeks ago Policeman Crerend. OF the YER
non-ave. station. Leeper acting suspicousr
near a row OF brownstone houses In Hart-st' aho
he arrested him. On being searched there Wa
found upon him Jimmy which, he said, he fouho
a few minutes before he was apprehended. He was
locked up despite his protestations OF innocence
When ne arraigned in the Lee Avenue Pohcs
Court the next morning he denounced his arrest ~
an outrage and said he would make the policeman
suffer for it. Justice Goetting was on the point on
adjournment. When Leeper was arraigned yestesss
day he charged by Miss Ida Stark OF NO. ~ ~
Madison-st with having with two others robbed the
apartments OF Charles Ambruster in her house
month ago. Miss Stark identified Leeper He m ".
dignantly denied the charge and said that at ting
proper time he could explain II away. He waived
examination and was held for the Grand Jury w'tn'
out bail
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
The News of Brooklyn
FOrND HIDDEN IN A COUCH.
ADAM WALKERS WILL, WHICH HAD BEEN
VAINLY SEARCHED FOR. FOUND Al
ACT AND WILL, BE CONTESTED.
LAST AND VII

There is to be a contest over the VIII OF Auah
waller who died on November g. Proceedings
were begun yesterday by Patrick L. CaHahan'
counsel for relatives. in an attempt to preak .ne
will No Will was found after Mr.. Walkers DEAN
although a careful search was made IL was sun g
time afterward, while repairs were Delie MAJ 70 "
an old couch, that document purportns " W -
will and $50 in cash were found In the hIhH. a,od
This will has been offered for probate IL Is uateu
October 10 1889 and Margaret ana Nancy Ospo az u
and Harriet Philips. sisters of Ny aikf ar ~ ~
a beouest of 500 is made TO James walker. an an
uncle and the rest of the properly is 10 6 6e and
Robert Walker, a brother Robert di;sappeadre 20
tWentv wears ago and the executor is directed 10
Mold his share for ten years and then. II he Is not
found it is to go to Eliza Dams. Alan.
iV Snne Of the Contestants witnesses declare that
NJ Walker told them he did not intend 10 leaVe
a will II is alleged therefore, that the document
offered for probate Is not MI MaIKer VIII.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
DESTITUTE. But SHE HAS A HISTORY.

The attention OF the police Of the Stagg-st sta
ton was called yesterday 70 the condition OF Mrs
Caroline Renner, who is seventy-siX years old and
lives in miserable apartments In the rear OF NO. 20
Humboldt-st. The woman has in her possession
medal of the Order OF the Iron Cross. which was
presented to her after the Franco-Prussan war by
the Grand-duke OF Baden for meritor.ous service
In that war Mrs Renner was born In Rastad-
Baden and, when the between France ana
Prussia was declared. she and her husband went 10
the front. He enlisted In an infantry corps, and the
woman went hospital nurse She participated
In many stirring scenes and once nearly lost nee
life by the burning of schoSlhouse in fIen 1S
town which the Germans had sacked. After the
war the woman and her husband returned 70 Ger
many where they remained until 1885, when ,Eey
came TO America and settled In the Eastern DIS.
,rict OF Brooklyn. Seven years ago her husoana
died. ard In 1893 her youngest son died. Since then
the woman has had hard struggle 10 set along.
her only other son. who lives in Philadelphia no'
being able to supper, her. Lately the charity de-
partment OF Holy Trinity Church has been helping
her. and effort will now be made 10 have ner
placed In the Home FOR the Aged.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
CHILDREN GIVEN TO THEIR FATHER.

An order was handed down by Justice van "EcN'
OF the Supreme Court, yesterday afternoon ]" "'
PROCEEDINGS taken by Richard W. Talmase against
hts former wife Marion VI. Talmage. to compel
her 10 return 70 him their children. Jane ana
Grace four and three years Old respectively. HIS
Honor nnds that the father Is entitled to the GUS
todv OF the children. Mr.. Tamage Is now hViny
at Nronsev. Rocklani County, and the respondent
in the proceedings from whom he secured an an.
snluie divorce June =. la' Is living AT Icaii
River Mr. Talmage said that though the Court
AWARDED him the custody Of the children. his VIE
refused TO give them up and even went win thtm
TO New-Jersey get out Of the jurisdiction ~ the
New-York courts Mr.. Talmage is sailor and
saws that In future he intends 20 stay. when
ashore with his mother. at No 29j Hcks-st. She
Will take care OF the children for him.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
LOVE LAUGHED AT AN ELECTION.
AN ATTEMPT TO PREVENT MISS ETHEL MILES
AND ARTHUR WARE FROM BEING To-
e.rr,n,,p 1,>.1rcIn IN AN EIOPEMENT.

AN ATTEMPT TO PREVENT MISS Elhr-h 'i'1
AND ARTHUR WARE FROM BEING TO-
GETHER ENDED IN AN ELoPEMENT
II became known yesterday that Windsor Ter
race has Just been the scene OF an interesting
o,onment. The parties to the secretly made bar
gain were Miss Ethel Miles, daughter OF DOCK
Inspector Miles and Arthur Ware. young man
who recently came TO Brooklyn from Cincinnati.
Miss Miles is twentyone years old. and Is SAID 70
be popular attendant at Methodist churcA IN
Windsor Terrace. Ware is twenty-five years old
and possessed of considerable ability.
Several months ago Charles Miles. brother OF
the Inspector became acquainted with young
Ware and one day asked him to dine with him
AT his brothers house. Ware accepted the INV
tation and succeeded without trouble IN winning
the regard OF the members Of the family 10 such
degree that he was invited to make MS nome
there Mr. Miles refused to consider MN as
boarder because taking boarders was not just the
kind of business that he cared to undertake me
young man naturally met Miss Miles, frequently
and in the course OF a short time a mutual ad-
miration society formed by the two young
people TIE watchfu parents OF Miss Ethei were
not slow to discover the state Of affairs, and In
formed their daughter that love-makinS was pro-
hibtei in this case.
Cupids influence, however, proved the stronger.
and when kindly cautions had failed to produce
the desired result upon Ware the young West
erner was informed that his presence at the 'aDie
was the cause Of unpleasant overcrowding' IMs
good broad hint had It's effect, and a certain
landady who did not live many miles away snort
~ afterward had a boarder Communications
between the lovers established, and trys'-
ing-place was appointed at Elizabeth and Seey sts
so rumor says. Several surreptitous meetings re-
suited IN the adoption OF most decisive line OF
warfare against the parental d!sfavor displayed
in the Miles family. - A.,
Sunday night was set by the young people as the
time for action. Miss Miles left her home at the
usual hour and kissed the members OF her family
goodby and told them that she was going 10
church Perhaps she went to church, but she dd
not STAY long for within an hour this message was
sent TO the Miles mansion In the handwriting OF
the independent young girl:
ARTHUR and | are married and are en- route TO
Cincinnati" a., - .
Nothing more has been heard OF the young peo-
pie Mr. Miles is at loss to know just what action
TO take in the case. But the young people are
married 1t is not probable that he viii accom-
plish much. He says that his son-in,law Is an
estimable young man, but only gets Sl5 week
and there Is the rub. Fifteen dollars a week, says
Mr. Miles may be enough to support an exen-
plary Young bachelor. but II Will not support MS
daughter he has always supported her.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19

dl1ates for the clerical positions are the Kew Ut.
J. NJ Buckley, Editor of The CHRISTIAN Auvooau-'
,,o Pow Dr George p Mains the Rev DR.. c. S. Wing,
,bo Row DR. J. $. Chadwick the Rev. DR. William
V. Kelly Editor OF THE Methodist Review ana
the Rev Dr. T. Mason North. superintendent OF 'he
New-York church Society one OF the lay dei zee
Gates Is always chosen from Brooklyn, ana the
oo,her from Connecticut. In Brooklyn John french
and H. W Ingrah ham are aeprants 10 the posi- osIuynn,
while Jdhn Session, Of Bristol appears 70 nave the
Conuecticut appointment beyond a DOUBT; IT.,
II is probable that every candidate VIII De Cd.teu
errncy for pastors AS a rule the ministers tnem-
,c,yes especially those from city churGnss' ray
The abOlishrnen of the old rule. whch MAKES
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19

changes in the pasorates compulsory at the end OF
A certain time The aymen. the other hand, are
Inclined 70 favor the maintenance of the Old RUE
While the results OF the conferences work can
never be- foretod with certainty. 1t is not difficult
to predict several OF the changes which VIII prop
nov pastor Of the First Place Church. VIII be
come superintendent OF the Brooklyn Methodist
Church Society. He will probably be succeeded by
the Rev Saul o. Curtis now Of Bridgeport. The
Rev. DR.. George 7. Mains, who Is now superin-
tenden, 81 the Brooklyn Methodist Church Society,
Will probably become the pastor OF the Mount
Vernon church. on OF the most prosperous In the
conference. The Rev Dr. Gluen now OF
Mouut Vernon will b. transferred the
Philadelphia conference and will be assigned
u Scranton. II Is expected mat me Kew
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-03-19
ITALIANS HELD FOR COUNTEhfhI1IN'

c,ussnn. Marteniln. Tassano Capazucca Felix
Rattaglla and Carmine Befalso. whose nauohai'y
was plainly indicated by their Names were al,
raigned before Justice Walsh yesterday. VINO he'o
them to await the action Of the Grand Jury on
charge Of counterfeiting United States CON- An
old man named Antonio Tramantano was as
charged as there was no evidence TO show that ne
was IN league with the other men although ne Was
convicted many years ago In Indiana ior coun'ett
feif,ne The accused men arrested at NO o.
no March Csshis ss %sees Of M money
obtained from the Italians by Detective Sergeani.
Donovan when they were arrested were counieriels
fifty-cent pieces He said that he had tested them
with acid. and found them to be rather poor imi-
tation OF silver half-dollars.