davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The representative. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1893-1901, 1896-02-26

Though we break our fathers promise,
We have nobler duties first;
The traitor to humanity
Is. the traitor most accurst.
Man is more than constitutions
Better rot beneath the sod
Than be true to church and state
While we're doubly false to God.
We owe allegiance to the state,
But deeper, truer, more.
To the sympathies that God has set
Within our spirits core;
Our country claims our fealty-
We grant 1t so, but then,
Before man made us citizens,
Great Nature made US men.
Lowell.
The representative. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1893-1901, 1896-02-26

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The representative. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1893-1901, 1896-02-26
[The Student and Searchel

THE Student and Searcher.]
q Swedish Weekley journal, Published
every Thursday at 926 Fifth st. south,
Minneapolis MINI. Sample Copies Free.
Forskaren is the First Swedish Peoples
Party Paper America.
It is 4 p. col. and full of interesting
Articles and News from all over the
Country. Recommend it to your Scan
dinavian friends.
Forskaren aadRepresentatiye onsv'r $3.50
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
CRIMINAL. GIRLS.

The reformation of criminal girls is
no longer doubtful experiment. The
possibility Of restoring them is being
proven in Connecticut, Massachusetts,
Wisconsin, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan,
and other states, under state authority.
If it is possible, then all reasonable
effort to this end ought to be made.
"Go and sin no more," said Christ. The
conclusion is plain. The reasons for
reformatory work for girls are many.
"What can one give in exchange for
his soul? ?" puts an inestimable value
upon it, Hence every girls soul is
worth saving.
No one doubts the propriety Of
large efforts to save 3 boy. \ girl ml.y
do a much greater amount of marin iss
the world, hence, political economy
dictates that as great efforts should be
made to rescue her.
The voice of humanity demands that
girls should be given fair chance; be
redeemed from destruction and the
power of destroying, and be developed
to useful womanhood. If they are law
breakers, restrain them by law; make
them obedient to it, and strive to dis
cover the true means of renewing their
nature.
In view of the Importance to society
of the care, training, and elevation of
degraded girls, the wonder to me is
that the world has been so slow in rec
ognizing it.-Miss E. A. Hall, Louis
vile, Kentucky.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
EDUCATION AND REFORM.

1t is we'll known, and is often looked
upon as strange, that so many men
possessing good average abilities
should form so large a part of our
prison population. Many of these men
are capable of filling positions wherein
skill and good judgment are a primal
requisite, and it may be set forth that
lack of education is not the cause of
their present condition. Yet lack of
education, in the full acceptation of
the phrase, is undoubtedly the real
cause of their being here. They lack
the practical part of education that
makes knowledge power. They are
without confidence in their own ability
because in youth they were unwilling
to begin at the lower round Of the lad
der of life. Some of them are of that
class that, having learned the theory
of bookkeeping, or some such accom-
plishment at school, would not accept
a low position in an office for the rea-
son that they felt by so doing they
were lowering themselves, losing dig
nifty. And it is this fact of their not
being willing to begin life humbly that
is the cause of their failing to succeed.
A large percentage of the people do
not take kindly to doing anything for
the criminal save Furnishing him.
While the people at large are justified
in looking upon the criminal as their
arch enemy, it is lack of diplomacy, if
nothing more, to allow him to remain
an enemy when it is possible to trans
form him into friend and benefactOr
of his kind. 1t must be admitted that
it is hard for a man who has been
robbed one or more times to look with
any patience upon that class of which
his depredators are part. But to gain
victory over the enemies of society
it is necessary that society shall deal
with them in spirit of helpfulness
and forgiveness rather than in vim
dictive manner. It has been fairly well
proven that criminals cannot be exter
minated by punishment and harsh
treatment. At the present day the
largest prison population is in those
states where no attention is given tt
reforming criminals; and this is most
especially noticeable in the South. Ii
some northern states considerable prog
ress is being made toward giving th'
criminal an opportunity to reclaim
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
PRISON REFORM.

The education OF the prisoner as
means of reformation has many advo-
Gates, and while education is of course
desirable, l cannot see that the mere
rudiments of an education can have
much influence for good in the forma-
ton of moral character Instead of es-
tablishing school for the purpose of
teaching the more illlterate their a b
c's, by modification of the prison rules
higher and better education could be
taught, an education in right princi-
Piles, which really determine the true
value OF man.
In penal institutions where strict
discipline is maintained, the prisoner
loses all individuality the moment he
dons the prison uniform, and in pris-
ons where any considerable number
are confined, you will find men of
nearly all nationalities and every de.
gree of early moral-or lack of moral
training; every degree of learning
from the wholly illiterate to the col
lege graduate, and one infexible set OF
rules for the government of the whole
This is, believe, one of the creates,
evils in prison management, for under
such conditions the prisoner loses al
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
Mo. $1.0O per year. in advance
Six Months 80 cents.

sixty per cent. of this class may be re-
formed. When man offends he be-
comes ward Of the state, which is as
it should be. But when the state, the
creature of society, has reasonable
grounds for believing that the prisoner
has reformed, then it is the duty of So
ciety to extend to him helping hand
as he steps out of prison to take his
place in her ranks. Justice and hu-
manity demand that his rights and
privileges shall be carefully guarded so
long as he lives up to the requirements
of society. He should be furnished
with employment that will enable him
to support himself respectfully. He
should be encouraged and helped in
the various ways necessary to stimu-
late him in his desire to become good
citizen. He should see evidence of the
fact that his struggles to retrieve the
past and wipe the stain from his blast
ed character are understood and ap-
preciated. This is critical period, for
he receives proof that the punishment
inflicted upon him was not given in a
spirit of anger and retaliation, but for
his own future good. This should be
the attitude of society towards the dis
charged prisoner. He must step from
prison full of hope for the future, but
must walk more wisely than ever be-
fore. Society condemned and pun
ished him, she must now help him to
regain his footing. The law of self
preservation demands this. Society
must deal with him as an actual living
part of herself, either in reformed
and rehabilitated condition or as
dangerous member. In the former
case he becomes useful member, in
the latter a dangerous criminal, and
must be reimprisoned.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22

himself The Elmira, n. Y, Reform
atory is standing example of what
may be accomplished by systematic
education. There, no expense is spared
to provide diversified education, and
the good results are lauded on all sides.
And yet in that same state no particu-
lar attention is paid to those called
criminals. The latter go in and out of
prison often serving three and four
terms and the only precaution taken is
to ensure against their escaping while
confined. In all penitentiaries it is the
prevailing notion that the carrying out
of the letter of the law is sufficient Sc
curity for the public. The fallacy of
this notion is visible in the proportion
ate increase of crime where such is the
prevailing idea. We have before us
both sides of the question and their
separate results. In those states where
attention is given to improving the
mental vigor of the criminal, crime de-
creases: in the states where no thought
is given to other than the secure con-
tinement of the criminal, crime in
creases.
Those men in prison who, to all in
tents and purposes, have good educa-
ton are really as much in need of
practical training as the most illiterate.
They may not like to admit this fact,
and probably will not. Such line of
action would be in keeping with their
past Mistakes Men who think they
"know it all" are usually the very hard
est to do anything for while in prison,
as we'll as outside. The best way to
reach such men is by so arranging their
routine of employment that they must
of necessity acquire new knowledge
daily Make the prison school where
in it will be possible for those who al
ready have a good foundational edu-
cation to further improve upon it and
make it of practical value. All prisons
at present are schoOls-the majority be-
ing dedicated to the advancement OF
crime. A prison cannot be mere
passive agency of the social system
it must have some effect upon those
under it's control. Men who suffer i'm
prisonment come out either better OF
worse than when they went in. If the
object of the prison is to influence mer
for good, then its power for good mus
be increased, and the quickest and th'
best way to accomplish this is to have
a graded system of education for al
classes so that all will have the OppOr
tunity to add to what they already pos
sess 1t makes no difference wha
system of labor is followed in the pris
on, no decided improvement will eve
be made on the prisoners until mate
rial and mental education is given it
proper place as the most importan
adjunct to the reformation of crimi
. mails. JASPER.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
THE REFORMED CRIMINAL.
Extracts from Paper read by Warden
Wolfer at the Peoples Church, ST.
Paul, Sunday, Oct. 10.

In the minds of many people the re-
formed criminal is an exceedingly rare
product, upon the theory that once a
thief, always thief. While admitting
that efforts to save discharged prison
ers from falling again into life of
crime have heen futile, it does not
necessarily follow that Tia criminal is
irreclaimaole, or that ways and means
may not be devised whereby a large
proportion may be reformed. All who
commit crime are not criminals by
nature. If this were so the chances
for reforming the adult criminal
would be small indeed. The criminal
no matter from what cause, so far as
society is concerned, is. at war with it.
Her laws have been broken, society
has suffered, even if conditions exist
in it which aid in the making of GRIM
inals. Having come in contact with
the law to his own advantage, the
criminals ideas of law and order are
sadly out of joint. He enters on his
term of Imprisonment with rebellious
spirit, which is not a hopeful condition
of mind. But the average prisoner is
quick to grasp any helpful or hopeful
condition that may be shown him.
Convince him that it is the desire of
the management to help him and a
new spirit is awakened. His energies
are aroused and gradually his sluggish
habits are overcome and he is indus
trious and energetic. Unconsciously he
forms new habits and there is laid the
foundation for higher order of living
In exceptional cases frmer and un
yielding force is required to accom-
plish the result. But the control Of
habits must be secured at any cost. A
spirit to do right, because it is right
can be formed in most cases.
While much can be done in the child
saving portion of reform work, societ.
should also remember it's duty toward
the adult criminal classes. At leas
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22

human life in the frenzy of passion Or
while crazed with liquor is lost to all
sense of honor, and is deceitful, treach
erous and wholly bad.
1t is true our condition and training
in youth may have been unfavorable,
but this is but poor excuse to offer in
extenuatiOn of our criminal acts, for
we have many examples of men who
have risen from the most obscure lot in
life to positions of the highest emf
nence; and though our position in life
may always be of the humblest, surely
it is as easy to conform to the laws of
our country in an obscure position as
in an exalted one.
Should a prisoner upon the expira
tiOn Of his sentence renew his criminal
practices the first mentioned class will
cry out, ''Did l not tell you SO? Once
criminal always criminal But
our Over-Zealous friends will say:
"Poor fellow, he is not SO much to be
blamed. Society received him coldly,
and not having proper aid and encour-
agement, he became disheartened and
relapsed into criminal ways" Or, "The
detectives bounded him from place to
place until in sheer desperation he COM
mitted crime
When we are in need of aid we do not
appeal to those whom we have injured.
Having transgressed the laws of So
ciety, can we reasonably expect the
same consideration as he who has never
transgressed it's laws? Is it to be won
dered at, that the honest man looks
with contempt upon the thief when we
who are criminals show no charity to.
wards each other? Can society be ex.
pected to watch over, counsel and ad
wise the ex-convict when we, instead OF
encouraging each other in right-doing
will often counsel and urge to wrong
doing, or sneer at comrade who is en-
deavoring to correct his faults and i'm
prove himself mentally and morally?
C.. f. G.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22

Will-power; he becomes a mere ma
chine governed by the will of others;
and if his term of Imprisonment is of
long duration, when he is liberated he
begins again the battle of life, char
acterless being without the courage to
say NO, but weakly asserting to every
thing. His weak nature needs a sup
port, a counselor, a guide. Stunned
by the better class of society, he finds
companionship among the lawless, and
is led again into criminal practices, be-
comes an habitual criminal, ends his
wretched existence in prison or an in
sane asylum, and another victim is
added to the long list to prove that the
highly eulogized disciplinary methods
in vogue in our penal institutions are
a failure.
Discipline is essential in the govern
ment of any body of men, and in pris-
on, discipline is necessary to protect
and encourage those who are striving
to do right; but, when prisoner is
guilty of a serious infraction of the
prison rules, he alone should suffer
and not those who are blameless as is
the case by the enforcement of sys-
tenn of discipline that SENDS the pris
oner to dungeon should he follow a
natural impulse and speak to fellow
prisoner when his heart craved for hui
man sympathy. If it is the purpose to
reclaim the criminal, improve him and
lead him to life of honest labor, show
to him that on his individual conduct
alone, depends his good or ill treat
ment and he will soon acquire manly
habits. Teach him self-reliance, teach
him to take pride in doing his work in
a painstaking manner; and with these
habits firmly fixed, when the dawn OF
freedom comes to him, a MAN, with
erect carriage, an honest purpose and
strength of will to follow his convic
tion of right, will go out into the world
to take his rghtful place in the ranks
of honest labor. G. J. W.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
MUTUAL RAGEMENT g

There are two classes of people, who,
though having directly opposite views.
retard any movement for the refOrma
tiOn of the convict or the ameliOratiOn
of his condition. The first class are
those who believe that the criminal has
by his acts forfeited all rights to con-
sideration from society. They believe
that the convict should be made to suf
fer for his misdeeds by imprisonment
and hard labor; his clothing and food
should be Of the coarsest; and he should
be denied all privileges; he should be
degraded and be made to feel his humil
iation to the utmost. For the criminal
they have nothing but hatred and con-
tempt; and they believe in the theory
of, "Show me liar and 1 will show you
a thief; show me thief and will show
you murderer
The second class are those whose
sympathetic natures and zeal leads to
the opposite extreme. They find some
good qualities in the criminal and he
Immediately becomes possessed with
all virtues. A halo of romance is
thrown around him and he becomes
hero or a martyr. They do not regard
him simply as the average man with
both good and bad traits of character,
but they believe-or profess to believe
that had his condition or opportunities
in life been different he would have
been model of virtue and goodness.
This kind of sentimentality and gush
is nauseating to the prisoner of average
intelligence, and can only do harm, for
it is Misrepresentation; and no good
can ever be accomplished through mis-
representations. The truth is, we are
a bad lot, or why art we here? By this
1 do not mean that I concur in the
opinion of the first mentioned class
that the man VINO has been driven
through want or adverse circumstances
to commit theft is also possessed OF
such a vicious temperament that he
only awaits an opportunity to commit
murder. Neither does it necessarily
follow that the man who has taker
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
THOUGHTLETS.

Insurance makes a barn dry as tim
der.
A good deal of money is blown in the
bottle.
Many man walks mile to church
without getting step nearer to heaven.
The trust that causes the farmer the
most trouble is that which he gets at
the store.
The man who says he can whip any
thing in town stops talking when he
comes to carpet.
I am glad to see somebody else make
a fool of himself. Then I don't feel so
lonesome.
up To Date
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1896-10-22
Vol. X.-No. IL.
WILL DRINK NO MORE.


Dear mother, received your letter
Oh, how it cheered my heart
SO far from home and friends,
Doing the workers part.
You ask about my habits,
Pray set your mind at rest.
do not drink, dear mother,
And try to do my best.
The tempters they are many.
The tempted they are more.
And they often sail in their painted ships
Quite smoothly from the shore.
But in looking down the river
Oh, their sufferings who can tell
see the struggling, helpless forms;
see the wrecks as we'll.
see on the shore friends weeping;
hear the children cry.
And again l see the cruel waves
Still running mountain high.
1 stretch my hands to save them
Above the breakers roar.
Ali, too late, too late! In sight of home
They sink to rise no more.
will not drink. dear mother.
And I'll try to do my best
God helping melville absent.
SO set your heart at rest.
Oh. happy. happy mother.
A victory you've won!
And you, a loving heart have blessed.
Oh. happy, thoughtful son!
Banner of Gold.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1896-02-26
l.. "A. HOSMER,
FOR to Faculty of Oahu College.
Punahou, Feb. 60, 1906.


The idea Of time in its widest and most
expanded form cannot bo grasped by the
human mind, for it IL not tangible or Wis
ible, nor, in fact to be tested or manifest
cd by any OF those means by which we be
come cognizant Of objects around us. The
notion of time is said to be understood by
means OF succession Of events, and un-
less we could com-lrc those events or
count them we should have no idea of
ttmo. Thus we see the alterations of sea-
sons, and we become aware of years. The
changes Of the moon speak to us of
months. Tho daily rising and setting OF
the sun define the periods Of day and
night hence by natural means we become
conscious of portions of time or measur-
able parts of that whole the entirety of
which we can neither gauge nor under
stand. Time Is measured by motion and
tho duration of that motion we ascertain
by artificial means. The revolutions of
the hands Of n clock or watch serve to show
equal divisions of time, while the beats of
the Instruments measure out small Dor
tons of the great mystery which we speak
OF as time. To measure portions Of time
accurately Is one Of the aims of science.
ana we may almost ut once decide upon
the amount of learning possessed by ma
lions III we know the means which they
adopted for the measurement of time.
The earliest means adopted were the sun
dial and the water clock. The revolution
Of the heavenly bodies is natural meas
ure of time and has been used for that pur.
pose from the earliest ages. 1t may be said
briefly that time is the impression left on
the memory by IA series of events, Of which
we were certain THAI they were successive
and motion constitutes its most suitable
measure. BROOKLYN EARLE
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1896-02-26

Capt. Simerson of the w. G.
Hall reports lots of smoke visible at
the Volcano, but hardly any fire.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1896-02-26
ALL ALONG TIE DOCKS.
AUSTRALIA LEAVING FOR THE
COAST rms AFTERNOON.


The U. S. gunboat Bennington
was engaged in coaling today.
The barkentine Planter received
her first sugar from the steamer w.
G.. Hall today.
The Port Surveyor and his assist
ants will go back to the Oceanic
wharf tomorrow.
The p NJ. S. S. China will be
due from the Orient Oh Friday, but
will likely arrive tomorrow.
The steamer Likelike arrived
early this morning with a big load
OF sugar for the IS. Australia.
The German bark Paul Isenberp
has moved back to Brewers wharf
where she will discharge the re-
mainder OF her cargo.
Owing to slight accident to the
boiler of the steamer Ke Au Hou
that steamers departure was delay
ed until after 7 o'clock yesterday
evening,
The ship J. B. Brown, Captain
f. L. Mcguire, was lowed into
port this forenoon, and anchored in
the stream. She has 81 so tons of
Newcastle coal for w. c. Irwin & |
Co.
The steamer James Makee came |
in this morning with a load ofsuear
and paddy and will leave again for
Kappa at 4 o'clock this afternoon.
Fine weather is reported along the
cast.
The SIS. Altmore, Capt. Watson,
arrived yesterday evening, eleven
days from Portland, Ore, with
twenty-five japanese passengers
and two hundred tons of freight for
his port The steamer experienced
steady S. L. winds throughout the
passage. She will leave again for ,
iokohama and Hong Kong at a
o'clock this afternoon, taking a /,
arge number of japanese passen. /
,ers. I