davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16
Y. nj. l.. n. Entertainment.

The ladies' auxiliary of the Y. NJ !.
G. A., will give IL musical enter
tertaiument and oyster supper al
the opera house Thursday Dec. II,
1896, at 1870 +. H., proceeds to be
devoted to the purchase Of litera-
ture for the Association. Admis-
sion, adults, 70 cents. Children,
Is cents.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16
Christmas Trees.

Sunday Schools and families,
supplied at special prices, at Fer.
gusoi's, Jeweler.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16

If you have a good property
to insure, go to J. w. Alexander
an | get IL good policy On it.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16

The House of Representatives
of the 55th Congress, will be com.
posed Of 2G6 Republicans, 1871 De-
mocrats aud l6 Popuiists.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16

-Breech loading shot CUTS aid
rifles, at Fergnson's, Jeweisr, See
Uiul sltet.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16
THOS. CRAWLEY,
Il. A. STAFFORD, Mayor.
Acting Secretary.

Pocket Knives, Table Cutlery
and Carvers, best make, at Fergu
sons, Jeweler.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16

the latest novelties in Dress Goods the bes
Clothing Shoes full line Gents Furnish
which heard before Note fey
0
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1896-12-16

A fall lie OF Table Gallery
and Caryers, best nlaks, at iserssi-
sons, J..wuler.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
BURNED TO DEATH.
His House Destroyed by Fire-A War
 Veteran

His House Destroyed by Fire-A War
 Veteran.
 Thomaston, Dec 20.-Edward Bal come, an old resident of this place, was burned to death this afternoon in a fire that partially destroyed his house, To- cated on Sparks street. Balcom and his wife occupied the upper tenement of the two story house. This forenoon Mrs Balcom went away to visit some of her children. During her absence the house caught fire. Balcom was found in the ruins this afternoon at the foot of the stairs leading into the gar- ret with kerosene lamp near him. It is supposed that he started to go up into the garret and that the house caught fire from the lamp, which he carried in his hand. When found this afternoon Balcoms body was burned to crisp. He was sixty-three years of age, and for years had been employed by the Seth Thomas Clock company. Several years ago Balcom caught one of his arms in a printing press and lost it. He was a. native of Torrington, and was a veteran of the late war. He leaves widow and several children
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
THEY ALWAYS DO.

John R. Scott, 8 prominent member of the bar in Albany, N, T., is register ed at the Raleigh. Said he last evening: "A neat rejoinder was made by Judge Charles O.. Daly, Chief Justice of the New York Court of Common Pleas, in a case he recently tried.
 ''The case involved a delicate ques- tion as to the construction of a statute, and the Judge. after long consideration, decided the question in open court, giving his reason in few well-spoken remarks which caused lull in the court room. The silence was finally broken by the attorney for the successful party to the suit, who stood up and said, with an air of patronizing approval May it please Your Honor I, for one entirely agree with you. The venerable Chief Justice, with twinkle in his eye, which be- tokened appreciation of the joke, but with a perfectly grave face, quietly re- moved his glasses, and amid absolute silence of the spectators, said q have, counselor, generally found in my expe- rience that the successful attorney agrees with the court" t."-Washington Times.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
A HUMPING BIRDS UMBRELLA.

A HUMMING, BIRDS UMBRELLA.
 In front of window where worked last summer was butternut tree. A humming bird built her nest on limb that grew near the window, and we had an opportunity to watch her close ly. In fact, we could look right into the nest One day when there was 8 heavy shower coming up, we thought we would see if she covered her young during the rain. Well, when the first drops fell she came and took in her bill one of two of three large leaves growing close by, and laid this leaf over the nest so as completely to cover it; then she flew away. On examin- ing the leaf, we found a hole in it, and in the side of the nest was a small stick that the leaf was fastened to or hooked upon After the storm was over the old bird came back and un- hooked the leaf and the nest was per- fectly dry.--American Sportsman.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
BETTER THAN A CIRcus.

to go through and examine the different kinds of chairs and rockers we show. If we should attempt to tell how many we should get the figure too low, and this is the case in a double sense as we already have the price figures too low and our 20 per cent. discount is creating havoc both with the prices and with the chairs, for they are going rapidly. A handsome cobbler seat rocker for $3.50, 20 per cent. cash dis count leaves net price $2.S0
 BROWN & DURHAM,
 Complete House Furnishers.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
A WHOLE FAMILY
Narrowly Escaped Death by Asphyx-
 iation

Narrowly Escaped Death by Asphyx-
 iation.
 Bridgeport, Dec. 2O,-The wife and five children of Clinton s. Wakelee, from three months to ten years, mar rowly escaped death by axphyxia- tion from the new fuel gas. The moth- CT and children retired, leaving the stop cock of the gas jet partly open. Neigh bors found the strong odor of the es- caping gas in the house and traced 1t to the apartments occupied by the Wake lees Drs. Tookey Trecarten and Smith were called, and found two of the youngest children almost pulseless The others were all unconscious, but the physicians succeeded in reviving all the members of the family, who were overcome.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
Yor Nomen-


 Fur Muffs, $I.5o to $500. Fur Scarfs, $2 .oo to $Io.oo. Bear Boas, at SI5.oo. Fur Co1larettes, $5.oo to $45.oo. Fur Collars, with tails, $5. .oo to
 $500.
 Ostrich Boas, S1o.oo to $500. Thibet Boas, S4.9S. Knit Wool Shawls, 75c. to S4.5o, Silk and Wool Shawls, $4.5 50. !, Silk Crochet Shawls, $4.5o. Ice Wool Squars, ST. 50 to $3,o Chudda Shawls, $2.25 to S9.oo. Silk Petticoats, $5.oo to $II.oo. Sattine Petticoats, Moreen
 Rufhe, S1 .75 and $2.25. Duchesse Lace Handkerchiefs,
 SI. 50 to $I5.oo Embroidered Handkerch1efs, 25c
 to LOO.
 Initial Handk'fs, I3c. and 25c. Bordered Handk'fs is, SC. to soc. Silk Windsors, 25c. and soc. Outing Flannel Sacques, Sec. Eiderdown Sacques, oSc. to
 $3.5o.
 Outing Flannel Night Gowns,
 5ec. to $1.oo. Short Skirts in Outing Flannel,
 25c. to SIPS. Lourging Robes, $3.5o. Fancy Aprons, 25c. to $I.os. Nurses Aprons, 25c. to SI:eS. Waitress Aprons, 25c. to S1 %. Silk Waists, s. 50 to $I6.oo. Silk Shirt Waists, $500. Wool Waists, $I .o8 to S3.5o. Plaid Wool Waists, s .oo and $4. .oo.
 Bath Robes, $500 and S4.oo. Cashmere Wrappers, $7.oo Flannel Wrappers, $500. Flannelette Wrappers, SIPS to
 SI.75.
 Calico Wrappers, $1 .oo to $I.75. Mackintoshes, 100 to 5000. Cravenettes, S1o.oo to SI4.oo. Satin Brocaded Skirts, $500 to
 5000.
 Plaid Wool Skirts, S5.oo to
 SIo.oo.
 Jackets, $4 ,oo up. Cloth Capes, S5.oo up. Golf Capes, $500 to $2o.oo. Fur Capes, $500 to S67.oo. Lace Collars, SI .oo to S2.25. Lace Bordered Veils, 75c. to
 SI.5o.
 999 other items.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
TO GIVE A SELECT DANCE.

Invitations are out for a select dance at Warner hall January 29 The affair has been planned by a few prominent young men connected with the com merclal world, including Alfred Eli son, MT. John F. Hanley and MT. James Campbell. Flchtrs full orches- tra will furnish music, At intermis- sion supper will be served. The invi- tations have been limited to fifty.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
ENGAGEMENT ANNOUNCED.

MT, and Mrs. Emil Schoenberger an- nounce the engagement of their daugh- ter Miss Emma, to MT. Albert Schnur- macher of New York city, They will be lat home" at the residence of the brides parents, 130 Davenport avenue, on Sunday, January r, 1897.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
DEATH OF WILLIAM LYMAN.
A Well Known Middleflold Citizen, Son of David Lyman Who Was Instrumental to the kuildinE of the Air Line Bond.

the Building of the Air Line Road.
 A New York dispatch received last evening says; William Lyman of Middleheld, Conn.,, son of the late Da- vid Lyman, died of pneumonia in this city to-day.
 William Lyman was best known as the inventor and manufacturer of the Lyman gun sight, in use all over the world. He was a member of the Con- necticut legislature in 1891"
 MT, Lyman was a son of the late Catherine F. and David Lyman of Middletield, and was in his forty third year.
 MT. Lyman's father was largely in strumental in the building of the Air Line railroad.
 Funeral services will be held at the late residence in Middlefeld Wednes- day December 2S, at 2 o'clock.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21

WILL sING THE LAsr MASS.

Rev. David O'Donnen, who was re- gently ordained in Boston, will sing the last mass at St. Johns church on Christmas morning at 10:30 o'clock Father O'Donnell is @ son of MT, David O'Donnell of the board of relief,
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
HOLIDAY FURNITURE

will be speciality with us for the next few days. A very complete as- sortment at very low prices, then take off 20 per cent for cash and you will be pleased to find how much a little money will buy.
 BROWN & DURHAM,
 Orange and Center Streets.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
TO SAIL FOR EUROPE.

Coroner Eli Mix and wife, F, J, An drews and wife and Dwight w. Blakes- lee start January for a trip to Europe. They will go to Paris. Rome, Venice and other points and will be absent two or three months.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21

BROTHERS--Alice Gertrude Brothers, aged 9 years. laughter of John F. and Mary Brothers.
 Funeral from the residence of her parents. 61 Court street. Tuesday, Dec. 22d, at S:30 a. nj, St. Marys church at 9 a. III. LEAVENWoRTH--In this city, Dec 18th, 1896, Daniel Carroll Leayenworth, in the 69th year of his age.
 Funeral services will be held at his late residence No. 70 Howe street, on Tues day afternoon at three o'clock. Friends and relatives are invited to attend with out further notice. Interment in Corn wall, Conn,
 LYMAN-Of pneumonia in New York City Middleleld Conn, son of the late Cath crime F. and David Lyman, in his forty third year.
 Funeral services at his late residence in Middlefeld, Wednesday, December twen- ty-third, at two o'clock St
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21

We are making a cash discount of 20 per cent. on our entire stock, both sta- pie articles for every day use and the thousand and one pieces which have a decidedly holiday flavor.
 BROWN x DURHAM.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
STOVESt

No cold weather can enter a house where one of our Starling heaters is on guard. 20 per cent discount makes it cost less than a poor stove.
 BROWN 6 DURHAM,
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
NAOMI LODGE.

Naomi Rebecca lodge, No. 1, will have it's election of officers on next Thurs day evening, December 24.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
THE HARD TIMES

have made many people think they could not afford any Christmas this wear. If you will come and see us we can prove to you that 20 per cent. is a big help in purchasing gifts for the family.
 BROWN & DURHAM,
 Open every evening.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
TiNa1lts.

One Cent Word each insertion, five cents a Word for q full Week, seven times.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
EIXTIIRES EOR SALu

DESKS, High Desk Chairs, Stock Tables. Counters, Shelving, etc; Platform Scales Prices low. Call to-day.
 NEW ENGLAND RuFFLB CO, d2l It" 424 State street
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
MINIATURE ALMANAC.
DEATHS.

SUN RISES 7:l4 MooN RISES HIor WATER. SUN SETS. 4:25 5.50 112l
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21

AUCTION SALE. 14t ORANGE, Tuesday, 10 a m. Furni- ture, Carpets, etc. k. B. MALLORY, d21 2t Auctioneer
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
FOR THE
 GIFT SEASON

We have many articles useful and accept
 able to everyone. OPERA and FIELD GLASSES. GOLD SPECTACLES. FANCY THERMOMETERS. BAROMETERS. PEARL HANDLE READERS. MICROSCOPES. GRAPHOSCOPES. POCKETBOOKS in all the new feathers. CIGAR CASES. MATCH SAFES POCKET FLASKS, DRINKING CUPS. STATIONERY SETS DESK BLOTTERS, CALENDARS. MANICURE and Roll Up DRESSING CASES
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
Holiday Week Only.
Channpagnes.

From 8 A. M. Monday, Dec. Fl, to
 0:30 P. M. Saturday, Dec. 26.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
ROOMS FOR REIN
20 PER CENT.

73 LAFAYETTE street, seven rooms. fo one family or two. JOHN T. SLOAN.
 dis cod St S2S Chapel street.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21

T-8y NOTE INdt INeSe pT1cGS N0E0 for 6 days ony and gre for o@r reeuIar standardK KNOWN autheR- hc bottlings and brandS. No false IabekS here. Not C DoMes- Hc mitation of an bmborted or hc1e 7oithiA our 7OallS. 2oUX gel exoctly what yo~ think yo~'H gel. Our absolute and mnqaaH- fled guarantee of ,eenmineneSS goes 7pith every single item on the HSt.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
Bor eW Wen-

Yop eMen0 Dress Shirts, 75c., $r.oo and SIPS.
 Fancy Night Shirts, soc, 75c. and $I.oo. Outing Cloth Night Shirts, $1. Sweaters, $2.25, S3.eS, and $4.5o.
 Neckwear of all kinds, 25c. and and soc.
 Scotch Flannel Pajainas, $1.es. Initial Silk Handkerchiefs, 3ec., 75c. and $I.oo. Black Silk Muflers, $I.oo, SIPS and $500. Fancy Silk Muff1ers, $I.5o, and $3. 50. Suspenders, 25c., 39c. and soc. Hosiery, all kinds, 13c. up. Fancy Arm Bands, 25c. and soc. Wool Underwear, $I .oo to S3. 50. Fleeced soc. to $I.oo. Silk Umbrellas, S2.oo to S6 .oo. Gloria Umbrellas, $I.oo to $2. Pocketbooks, e8c. and $I.25, Billbooks, 25c. to S3,oo. Card Cases, 25c. to $I.5o Purses, 25c. to SIPS. Military Hair Brushes, s2.75. Solid back Hair Brushes, 12c. to S2. 50.
 Horse-hair Hat Brushes, 25c. and soc.
 Shaving Mirrors, $1.25 and $I.5o.
 Triple Mirrors, S2.oo to $6. 50. Collar and Cuff Boxes, Goo. to to SIPS.
 Razor Strops, 48c. Ash Trays, 98c. and SIPS. Playing Cards, 33c. to 98c. Leather Photo Cases, o8c. and SI.5o.
 H. Michelsen's Bay Rum. 25c and 48c.
 Kid Gloves, S1.oo to $1.75.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21

In Toilet Sundries We have left nothing to be desired. As agents for -
 RICHARD HUDNUT, we have a complete assortment of the pro. ducts of his laboratory, as well as the Spe- cialties of
 ROGER and GALLET, PINAUD, and all the leading Perfumers at home and abroad - TOILET SOAPS, PERFUMES and
 COSMETICS,
 in elegant packages. HAND MIRRORS SHAVING SETS WATERWAYS FOUNTAIN PENS,
 the best in market DRAWING INSTRUMENTS. POCKET KNIVES. MEDICINE CASES. PHYSICIANS HAND BAGS. HOT WATER BOTTLES. POCKET STOVES FAMILY BATTERIES. BED TRAYS. etc E. |. WASHBURN < CO. 04 Church and 6i Center streets,
 NEW HAVEN
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21
Rhine and rIoselle.
Sauternes.

California Haut- Sauterne, quart. ......,.. Barton x Guester Sauterne, our bottlng,
 Chat Rabaud. Extra, imported in glass. !.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1896-12-21

Champagnes.
 CHI Mumm & Co.'S Extra Dry, quart .S2.5s Jlrbana "C;old Seal" Special Dry, quart. LOS Ruinart Brut. ouart .. 2.64 Dummy. extra ouallty Brut quart. 2.62 pirnr- -HaiJsi1cI ninf 1.14
The record-union., 1896-07-11
HOW GUNPOWDER rs MADE.
The Part That Each of the Three
Ingredients Plays.

Gunpowder steadily developed as mech
anical skill constructed better and better
weapons in which to use it, until to-
day it has reached a perfection of man
ufacture for various purposes which
allows its effects to be foretold in any
weapon, even to the time it takes a
grain to burn, and to the distance it will
drive shot
Roger Bacon's gunpowder was made
of saltpeter sulphur and charcoal. Salt
peter is chemically called inter, and
is a natural product found bedded in
the earth in different parts of the world.
chiefly in India and China Sulphur,
too, is found in a natural state in
many volcanic countries, like Sicily,
while, as is well known, charcoal is
made from wood or woody substances
by heating them almost to a burning
heat III an alright vessel, thus driving
Off everything in them but carbon.
Saltpeter. sulphur, and charcoal are
still the only ingredients of the gun
powder in common use, although new
gunpowder made of different materials
is undergoing successful experiment
mixture of saltpeter and charcoal
alone would form an explosive, and sui
phur is added chiefly to make 1t plastic,
or capable of being pressed into cakes
and shapes. All three ingredients have
to be purified by the most careful chem
ical skill before they are combined.
Then an exact proportion of each has
tc be measured out according to the
kind of powder to be made
For the gunpowder generally used
you would find in every hundred
pounds, if you would separate the in
gradients. seventyfive pounds of salt
peter, fifteen pounds of charcoal and
ten pounds of sulphur; but it would be
almost impossible to separate the in
gradients, for they are not merely
mixed together as you might mix pep
per and salt, but they are ground and
rolled and stirred and pressed together
by special machines until they are al
most sufficiently united to form a.
single new substance.
This mixing process is called "tritura-
tion," and the powder is thus made into
the form of big fiat cakes, called press
cake, and then broken up, and screened
into grains of special sizes, or ground
to the fine powder used for shot-guns
and reyolvers. The large grained
powders are still further stirred to-
gether until the grains become highly
The record-union., 1896-07-11

has been for many years just twice that
received by Mr.. Livingston, SS,OOO, the
expenditures necessary to maintain the
social position which custom has as
signed to the office are greatly more
than the salary. A Secretary of State,
who maintains an establishment and
entertains the foreign Ministers and
the general public with the generous
hospitality now expected of him, will
owe much gratitude to his major-domo,
if at the end of a four years term he
has not contributed from his private
fortune to the support Of his office a
sum greater than the salary he has
received. This is an evil, for 1t may
happen that the man best fitted for the
office may refuse it-or leave it as Liv-
ingston did-rather than sacrifice a,
small private fortune to social de-
mands. Dinners were, in Livingston's
time, as now, diplomatic agencies, as
well as imperative social events.-Ex-
President Harrison, in Ladies Home
Journal.
The record-union., 1896-07-11
HOW TO TREAT WEEDS.
There is Right and a Wrong Way to
Handle Them.

Weeds seem to curse every farm, and
they put in an appearance during the
whole of the growing season, being
propagated by seeds from the roots. AS
to the source whence they come, 1t may
be difficult to explain, as light seeds are
carried by winds, but in a majority of
CO aSes weeds are allowed to produce
seeds on the farms after the cultivation
of the regular crops has ceased. Some
farmers are willing to give their crops
thorough cultivation as long as the
growth of the crops demand such work,
but they will not give cultiva ton sim
ply to benefit the land for the next year
1t is during this interval-between the
end of cultivation and the appearance
of frost-that the weeds have their
golden opportunity They flourish and
seed the land for the next seasons pro-
duction of weeds. 1t is not impossible
to destroy weeds entirely, and especially
if the farmers of a neighborhood will
work together for that purpose as even
the Canada thistle has been extermi-
mated on weH-kept farms by cultivating
a crop that required the hoe as we'll as
the cultivator.
The early weeds, no matter how small
they may be, feed upon the plant food
intended for the crop, and also appro-
pirate moisture. They grow rapidly,
because they are usually well adapted
to the climate, and are also indigenous to
the soil. When the weeds are young the
plants of the crop are also young and
there is a competition for supremacy.
Usually the weeds excel in numbers
and crowd the plants until the farmer
comes to the assistance of the crop. On
land that is rich, or where manure or
fertilizers have been applied, the weeds
will always hold the mastery, and a
difference of only two or three days in
destroying them may seriously inter-
fere with the crop. There can, there
fore, be no postponement of cultivation
for destroying weeds, and especially
where the rainfall has not been up to
the average, as weeds can take up an
enormous amount of moisture from the
soil in twenty-four hours.
An implement known as the weeder is
now used for young weeds. 1t can be
drawn by one horse, and destroys them
without injuring the plants. This Is
done as soon as the weeds begin to ap-
pear above the ground, and the harrow
also does good service at times. If the
killing of the weeds is done while they
are young there will be a saving of la
bor later in the season. and the cultf-
vator need not be used until the top soil
requires loosening, as surface cultiva-
ton is better than tearing the roots Of
some crops. Every time the soil is
stirred and shower comes more seeds
will gerrninate, and in a short time
there will be but few weeds left. So
much for the early weeds. The next
duty is to keep on with the work Of kill
ing weeds whenever they put in an ap-
The record-union., 1896-07-11
Secretary of States Salary.

In June 1872. Mr.. Livingston (our first
Secretary cf State, known then as Sec
retaIy of Foreign Affairs resigned to
accept the office Of Chancellor of the
State OF New York. We do not wonder
that with a salary CT only 81 600 he
should have said he was compelled to
draw upon his private fortune to sup
port the Office. That has been the fate
of all, or practically all. of his success
sors; for, while the salary of the office
The record-union., 1896-07-11

glazed, and these are called cannon
powders. A lighted match may be
held to a grain of cannon powder and
it will be found almost impossible to
set it on fire, but once ignited it flashes
off very suddenly and violently.-Lieu-
tenant John M. Ellicott, in ST. Mich
The record-union., 1896-07-11
U SANbENS
NSesDJvsX sXN@SyEs
MAKES PEOPLE STRONG.
GET THE BOOK FREE.

GET THE BOOK FREE.
A pocket edition Of the celebrated electro
medical work. Three Glasses of Men," IL
iustrated. Is sent free, sealed, by mail, upon
application. Every young. middle-aged or
old man suffering from the slightest weak
ness should read 1t. II will point out an
easy, sure and speedy way to regain strength
and health, when everything else has failed.
Call or address
SANDEN ELECTRIC CO.,
e52 Market street, opposite Palace Hotel. San
Francisco, Cal Ofice hours, a. m to $50
p. n; Sundays, 10 to 1. Los Angeles Once
2o4 South Broadway. Portland. Or. 263 Wash<
lnRton street
The record-union., 1896-07-11

pearance, and not give up the ground to
them because the crop is made. If
weeds are allowed to grow to the hight
of several inches they will then have
deprived the land of fertility but if de-
stroyed when young they can do but
little damage.-Philadelp Record
Pure blood is the safeguard of health
Keep your blood pure, rich and full OF
vitality by taking Hoods Sarsaparilla,
and you will not need to fear the at
tackS of disease.
Hoods Pills cure liver ills, constipa-
ton, jaundice, sick headache, bilious
ness. 25c.