Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1896-06-24
farta1 aud fireside.
THE MILK BREEDS.
Things More Important Than the Selection
of Registered Stock.

Things More Important Than the Selection
of Registered Stock.
At the Pennsylvania Dairymen's
convention, cheld the other day, Mr.
George T. Powell gave an interesting
dairy talk on "Milch Cows-Produc'
ton and Pedigree" 1t was very
practical address. To our dairy far
mers it will be of great value. He
says, as reported in the Philadelphia
Ledger: =,
"I don't advise farmers in times ike
these to 20 at once and buy registered
stock. Ihad some high grades. Some
of the most valuable cows are high
grade. lam a believer in well bred
animals. Pat your herds TO the test,
and if you find a grade animal that is
giving YOU high returns, there is an an.
imal to start with for your foundation.
"There is value in selecting animals
that have record. In selecting san
animal to breed from, I would not pin
nv faith upon pedigree, but | want q
high record for production all along
the line. I would pay $3.50 for an an
imal with good history for produc.
ton, rather than registered animal
without it as gift. You have in such
something to build upon. Lhave been
especially particular in selecting sires
to prevent getting poor stock. We
must have assurance that he comes
from good breeding. My advice to
farmers is to put at the head OF the
herd good, thorough bred animal.
"The dairy cow must be built for the
purpose; must have the conformation
that is adapted for what is wanted.
My first thought is in relation to her
breathing apparatus. The first thing
I look at il whether she has lung-pow.
er. want to be pretty we'll assured
when am going to take an animal
into partnership that she is q good
COW. want strong lung-power and
capacity, which means that the cow
has q big chest and has power to eat
and digest food.
"We have ,nsver worked for parti-
cular types in the dairy COWS, and many
have been transformed by breeding
and feeding. Take, for instance, short
horns. They had the conformation of
wonderful milk producers until we
changed their type, and, to get beef,
made their ribs stand out straight.
That rib has been put there for pur-
pose, and that is the carrying of flesh.
Take the Jersey, Guernsey and the
dairy type of Holstein, their ribs press
downward, and with the purpose OF
carrying the weight ola large stomach.
The beef animal has small stomach
and no room for the udder.
HaNDb1Na THE CALF.
CATER the selection of the type
comes the very important. matter of
handling the calf. Its whole future
will depend upon the care we give it.
The calf should be fed milk at the
temperture that it comes from its own
mother. 1t is not enough that we
heat it to $50 degrees and then give it
to the calf. We cannot tell when it is
$50 or 100. Very often it is too high
a temperature. Indigestion follows
scour sets in, and the little thing has
a struggle for existence. We should
the temperature, not by put
ting finger in the milk, but by ther-
mometer. The calf should be fed four
or five times a day-not much at q
time, but increasing the quantity as its
stomach increases in size.
"Instead of turning these little ami
mails out to pasture, it is better that we
keep them in comfortable stables.
Through this period it is cruel to ex-
pose them to the horn flies. l would
say just put the calves in darkened
stable, and keep them in it.
II have a friend who is much
in raising these young ami
mails who has given much study to the
perfection of the udder. His first
practice is after the calf is week old,
to gently take the calf and with his
hands stroke the ribs downward. He
gets the confirmation by the manipu-
lation. He also takes hold of the de-
velopment of the udder of the calf.
One of his calves at 9 months old devel-
oped the milk capacity. 1t would not
have been we'll for him to stop it..
That calf was sold for $3.50. This gen.
tleman has not raised in his herd in
two years calf that has not brought
him 5000. This, of course, requires
time and labor"
Asked to give the distinguished
marks of the different breeds, Mr..
Powell said: "Short horns, although
still in the dairy in some parts, are
most generally bred for beef. They
are a large type, straight along the
back in color red, inclining to be
mixed with gray. When of milk
strain, are especially valuable.
= "The Alderney and Jersey are prac-
tically the same. They are small in
color, pure fawn, pure black, OF COM
bination of the two. The Alderney is
the larger of the two. Both are to be
found in the one herd-book.
"Jersey veal six or eight weeks old
is the most delicate, and the finest
grown.
"The Guernsey is special. type is
of a clear yellow color, with white
markings; is larger than the Jersey.
In addition to giving large quantities
very rich milk, it is capable of carry
ing more pounds of beef than others of
the strictly dairy type. The Guernsey
has the popularity of giving high-col-
ored milk summer and winter. One
Guernsey cow will color the milk of a
whole herd.
"The Ayrshire is Scotch breed. In