The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1896-12-22
THE RECOGNITION OF CUBA.
Elaborate Argument Of the Question
With Many, Many PrecedentS
EMBODIED IN COMMITTEES REPORT.
President Monroe's Recognition Of Colom-
bia cited as "a Pareiiel Case-Only
Wish to Acknowledge the Inde-
pendence of the lslands


from the Committee on Foreign Kela-
tions on the joint resolution acknowleds-
ing the independence Of CUBA ana o.
fering the friendly offices OF this Gov
ernment with Spain 10 bring 10 close
the war between spain and the republic
of Cuba, was presented In the senate
to-day. Ii is u document OF very great
length. and deals thoroughly. thoush
briefly. ia its opening with moderh pre-
cedents of European Intervention, Wherc
independence was the issue inNoNeu' INC
committee having. as ITS report nv"
tions. examined with care al INC Ia
st,nres which have occurred during inns
century of peoples claiming ihuePei"c'0e
By right of revolt -, s,ato
The opening lines OF the report s.A'o
that Congress At its last seSa'0", -
long and patient consideration auop'0u'
u,itb nractical uuauimity, the view eN-
messed by your committee ,nn' ''-'
limo had come for resHmlhs h'eiNe"
tion with Spain Tor the recos"l'i0Ii
The independence of Cuba. sDaih' h"N
ir, declined TO listen TO any repi
49,, founded on an understanding pe-
-, berself and the insurgents anu
-. having pledged itself to friend
Il, intervention, the only question "''s
ron,ain, TO be decided IS the h"'uie -
tne next step to be taken Win piope,
- - Cor the customs and usases oi
nations. ,,.l.,.,,,>,,rs
,,-,.,, rttfa further preamble. the report
- ,,,e.rs as its first instance, shoNHis
tbst "the modern precedeh's Vi -
ncan intervention, where hhueD'''''u', .',,,,
~ th issue involved, u's"n -,
C~cece" I'm the struggle winch i"s''o
from 1921 until 1871. .,.,.h tho
Incidents of the struggle IN "Nl0''
Greeks fought for irdependence, arr ~, -
| cisriv uointed out. traced uniil ''le 80,
v-bon tho Powers induced luih's ~
SON, 10 allow her AFFAIRS 10 no U.S. a..
Am a general conference ana Ni'9''' a.,
rf.tc1 that the Greek insuii conoi'
--.,.f5 ho Included among the subjects
! ~ mediation. Following in regular oi"e'
In its details OF circumstances OF huio
n,,n nations claiming independence ""
.,,, ,round Of tho right Of reNoiullo"'
| ,t. c.ees are mentioned OF Belgium
a.-.f,et tho Netherlands in la30' Wheie
do king of Holland was coerced ihlo
| orcortirg the conditions opposed by tn'
/ ro,,..rs rnon a show of armed hosuhlt
| 4, Novambcr. lS2 by the governments 'l
| France and England. The coincaent re
/ t,f,io, 8, POLAND. in which the Car
/ ,,tifed nfhe Minister OF the new frchch %
/ KIM Louis Philippe. that hc would toll
| o,eto no intervention in Poland, is gwen
| ,t,eution. Then follows in the series OF
| ruronean nations claiming indepcndehoe'
/ the recital Of the dcposal from the throne
Il 10 20
1 of Hungary Of tho Hapshurg dNnaSly loi-
/ lowed bv the election Of LOUIS hossu'ii
/ provisional president and the lnterNeh-
| tion OF Russia on the ground that II
/ she aid intervene Hungary "oulu e9'"D-
! Hsh hcr Independence.
| .rhfs precedent" continues the report,
.4onaod 10 establish the right Of every
government 10 intervene I'm tho affairs OF
| foreign States whenever their situation
ehould "tcnd 10 cndaneor its own safety
or the political equilibrium ON It's FROM
tiors.' As far as f. known, every other
| Government I'm the world tacitly acquiesc-
cd I'm the establishment OF this prece-
dent"
THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE.
Tho report further states:
"Boeidcs the four prpccdCnts of Greece.
| Belgium Poland and Hungary where now
! nationalitics were In question. a much
larger number Of interventions occurred
in Europe I'm tho process Of disruption or
consolidation which has. on one hand,
dlsiniegrated the ancient empires Of the
Sultan, of Spain of the Church. and on the
| other concentrated the new systems OF
! Germany Russia, and italy
referring 10 the ottoman empire. II
IS mentioned that since 1921. intervenfions
I'm the affairs Of the Ottoman empire have
been so constant as 20 create q body OF
| Jurisprudence and "a long series OF treaties
on which the existence Of all political sys-
TENS Of Southeastern Europe seems now
TO be more or less entirely based.
"Not only Greece. Montenegro. RoumanC
/ bulgaria. Roumelia. servia and Egypt
| have been tho creations Of such interven-
tion. or the objects Of its restraints. but
also Samoa. Crete. and even the Lebanon
owe their legal status 70 the same source
"An authority so great must assume
some foundation I'm law. seeing that the
entire world acquieces not only in the
/ practical exercise Of the force but also
in tho principle on which it rested, what
ever that principle was.
"The treaty OF Berlin in 1873 was a
! bread assertion Of the right OF the Euro
poan powers 70 regulate the affairs of the
! Ottonan empire. but the treaty contains
no statement Of the principle Of jurispru-
dence on which the right rests
"FrOm this body OF precedent. il Is clear
! that Europe has invariably asserted and
pract'ced the right Of interference, both
collectively and separately, amicably and
forcibly, in every instance, except that
Of Poland. where European people has
resorted 10 insurrectiOn to obtain indepen-
dence"
Tho report then continues with n de-
! scrintiOn Of the experiences OF Asia ano
America.
I'm regard TO Asia. probably all au-
thorities agree that the entire fabric OF
European supremacy whether IN AsiatiC
Turkey Persia. Afghanistan, India, Siam
or China. rests on the right Of intervcn-
cotton" II f. remarked, after which fol
lows a lengthy consideration of Ameri
can events belonging 10 the subject. the
committee is considering.
| PRECEDENTS IN THIS COUNTRY.
America. both North and South" II i
stated. "has always aimed 10 mOderat,
European Intervention and to restrict II.
exercises
The report epitomizes the history o
the movement OF the Spanish colonies II
America for independence. resulting 10
President Monroe's sending 20 Congress
his celebrated message OF March ;. lA22
recommending the recognition Of Al
troubled colonies OF Spain, Mexico, Co
lumbia. Chill. and Buenos Ayres.
Those countries asked no more. They
based their claim on their independence
de facto. and Monroe admitted its force
The Provinces he added which hay,
declared their Independence and are II
the enjoyment of n. ought 10 be recog
nized He added that the measure b.