New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1896-08-21

m9nis learn the lesson that wisdom and justice in
pclIcy are stronger security than weight u "'"'"
An, when shall all mems good s.
IL enf Fs ms saft ' OF r h%a across land
| 1t is no wonder that men-earnest men-en m nus
asts. II you like. impressed with the eys ql war
peace might he reached by establishing universal
The cry for peace is Old World cry ,, 1t has has
echoed through all the ages ana anen of noace
Arbitration has, indeed yenerape historisn Of
own Accordng, to ThpcydqeSS ae King Of
sparta. declared that 1T unlawful to attack an
enemy who offered TO answer for his acts peiore
IN" ffty years treaty of alliance between Argos
that If any adherence should arise between the con
tracing parties they should nave arcordance with
the custom of their ancestors These Vsss Oh en-
bn Roman 4sY' mperos for time and
afterward in fuller measure, the Popes tas we nave
peoce Of the old World and prevented the sacrifice
| OF blood and treasure But from time 10 tnle, all1
| more nercely when the influence Of the head or
| christendom lessened the passions Of men broke
out the lust for dominion asserted Itself ana many
In our own times the desire has spread and grown
strong for peaceful methods for me III me s p
| face Men and nations are more enlightened; the
Ell and IN fbesc DAYS when broadly speaking the
people enthroned, their views ma Tree an" lool
| ment has been taken UP by societies of thoughtful
and learned men IN many paeTb the fact that
a. yootarv pcace assoca lions exist of which some
40 are in Europe and - in America Several con on.
are obiect and in 1873 there was established at
Client the nstitut du Droit international me , ae
clared objects of which to put nternatlona Jaw
on a scientific footing discuss and clear up moot
able m right for the blind chances Of force and the
| lavish expenditure Of human NE .,o poforr, and
| In 1873 also the Association for the REFORM anu
Codidcation Of the Laws OF Nations was formed
and it is to-day pursuing active propssn
Witch II adopted in 1894. 1t also has published "A
report Affirming the need of a system OF interna-
In ISIS congress of Spanish and American jursts
was held Lisbon al which Il was resoeTh tna
should he constituted with a view to avoid the neces-
sity of war between nations
LEGISLATIVE BODIES TAKE ACTION.
Put more hopeful stuI-the movement has spread to
legislative representative bodies. As far back as 1898
the Senate Of Massachusetts, proclaimed the heces-
slty for some peaceful means of reconciins m'erhd
tonal differences and affirmed the expediency OF es-
tablishing a court of nations
In 1890 the Senate and the House Of Representatives.
of the United States adopted concurrent resoIuuo'
requesting the President to make use of any h occa
sion TO enter into negotiations with other Govern
ments 70 the end that any difference or dispute,
which could not be adjusted by diplomatic agency
might be referred 10 arbitration ana peaceiu''S "'-
The British House of Commons in 1898 responded
nv nasslng unanimously resolution expressive OF
the satisfaction felt with the action OF Congress,
and Of the hope that the d ne live 9' effect to- it,
presdent cleveland officially communicated this last
resolution 10 Congress and expressed his gratiica-
on That the sentiments OF two great and kindred
nations were thus authorltatvely manifested IN aVo'
nf the national and peaceable settlement Of nterna-
tona quarrels by 70 honorable arDtratlon'
The Pariaments Of Denmark. Norway ana o"i'zer I
and and the French Chamber Of Deputies have FOL
1t seemed eminently desirable that there should be
sentative and legislative bodies OF the world inter
ested in this farreaching question. should meet on
a common ground and discuss the basis LOT common
action. III, -, s. ~,
The Permanent Parliamentary Committee in Favor
of Arbitration and Peace or, as II Is sohet .n
called. The mon ne az Rerne
Its members not vain idealsts They are men OF
the word. They do not claim 10 be reSenerators OIL
mankind nor do they promise the milIennium H t
they doing honest and userul work IN MAKING nts
straighter and less difficult the path OF intelligent
progress. Their first formal meeting was held II, IN
Paris in 1859 under the Pesadnency OF the ,e No
presidency OF Lord Herschell, ex-Lord Chancellor
Of Great Britain; their third in 1891 at Rome under
1872 at Berne under the presidency of NJ Droz; their
NTH 1894 at the Hague Under ne presidency OF ne
presidency of NJ Deschamps and their sevenn VII
Speakng in this place l need only refer. in passing.
to the remarkable Pan American Congress held in
Your States in 1890 at the Instance of the late Mr.
Blaine directed to the same peaceful object r.
ii is Obvious, therefore, that the sentiment for
live for war is growing apace How has that sen
timent told the direct action OF nations! How
far have they shaped their policies accordng TO isS
methods? The answers to these questions are also
hopeful and encouraging.
ternational differences may honorably practically
There have been since 1915 some sixty Instances Of
effective international arbitration. To thirty-two
of these the United States have been party ana
Great Britain to some twenty OF them
TREATY ARBITRATION CLAUSES.
There are many instances also of the introduction
of arbitration clauses into treaties. Here again
the United States appear in the van Among the
first of such treaties-if not the very hrst-is the
Guadalupe IIidago treaty of 1913 between the
United States and Mexico Since that date many
other countries have followed this example. IN the
year 1873 Signor Mancin recommended that In all
should be introduced Since the Treaty OF wash
ingon such clauses nave 6ee oyvnninn
They are 10 be found also In the delimitation
treaties of Portugal with Great Britain and with
the Congo Free State made in 1891. In 1895 the
Belgian Senate. in single day. approved of four
treaties with similar clauses. namely. treaties con-
Guided with Denmark. Greece Norway ana Swe-
den. .,, . ,,,. -, ,roo,,os
in which the principle Of arbitration has obtained
a still wider acceptance The treaties OF isS pc
tween Switzerland and Ecuador. Of 1888 between
Switzerland and the trencn kepunrj ana OIL ay
an agreement refer all questions In difference
similar treaties with Venezuela, with the Orange
Free State and with Hawaii .,.., -, ,..,, go,
full of interest and hope FOR the future.
But are thence to conclude that the millen-
MUM OF peace has arrved--that the dove bearing
the olive branch returned to the ark sure Sign
that the waters of International strife have perma-
nently subsidized -,
am not sangune enough 10 lay this fattering
JUNCTION my soul. Unbrided ambtioni thirst Tor
though | believe with essened force and in some
sort under the restraint Of the healthier opinion OF
the world
But further friend as I am OF peace ] would yet
affirm that there may be even greater calamlties
than war-the dlshonor OF nation. the triumph
Of an unrighteous cause. the perpetuatton OF hope
less and debasins tyranny:
= honorable.
In those who their native rights maintain;
whose sw )rds iron barrier
between IL, awless spOiler and the weak,
But In those who draw III offensive blade
For added power gain. sordd and despicable
II behooves then all who are friends OF peace and
advocates Of arbitration to recognize the dllllcul-
.kl ..ll.. INN 10