davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
|IHE FARMERS ASSOCIATION
Held a Session Yesterday and
 Elected Delegates to the Cotton Growers
 Convention.

The Farmens Association of Ieherson County pursuant to a ball of the association met at the =Ourt house at Il o'clock a. m. aeeting called to order by President delsrelter Quorum being present he minutes of last meeting were Iead and approved. The name of ohn H. Shelby being presented for Eembership he was duly elected #nd enrolled. Bill for postal cards Fnd printing $3.50, allowed and #Fdered paid
 motion to elect delegates to Rpresent the association at the *onyention Of the Cotton Growers frotectiye Association to be held n Memphis on January q, 1896, re- [sulted in the election of the following delegates.
 Capt. s. Geisreiter, Col. J. W. tOreoran, c. L. Madding, J. w. |Talker, J. M. Oracle, J. W. Tucker, iOe Wilkins, T. M. Phillips and sfn, H. King White.
 on motion secretary was instruc- ea to furnish proper credentials to any other member of the association agood standing who may desire to attend.
 oa motion our delegates were in- afucted to see the representatives convention from other portions the State and urge or impress 'pem with the importance of similar s'Soclations in all the counties ''foughont the State and also of 0ilnlng State organization.
 motion was introduced to so FIeud our bylaws as to require ssu member to pay 50c per quarter tues to the association. Sam e 2'oe due and payable on or before nrst meeting in January, April,
 y and October, commencing N'n the month of January 1896, and
 'uoers who may become twelve '0a'hs In arears for dues shall be s'pehued for nonpayment of same. sau and laid over until next suar meeting January 2S, 1896, "nich time all members are re-
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
SENT OVER THE ROAD.
Three Thieves Fined $50 Each and Costs By Magis- trate o. ". Alex
 ander.

Yesterday afternoon before the magistrate court of o. W. Alexan- der, Jack Downing, Will Tom John son and Robert Freeman were con- victed of petit larceny and sentenced to pay a fine of $50 each and costs. These are the negroes reported in yesterdays GRAPHIC as having been arrested by Deputy Sheriff Robert Johnson for stealing an overcoat from Hotel Trulock and meats from the resturant of George Doakes. The coat, which was recovered, was. owned by one of the employees Of the hotel and the thieves stole 1t from closet adjacent to the kitchen of the hostelry.
 The interests of the guests of Hotel Trulock are too we'll protec- ted by the viligant eyes of the managers, who are ever alert In looking after the belongings of guests, to pernit.-the depredations of thieves, and it is almost an im- possibility for a loss to occur to a guest of the Truloek on account of thieves.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
It Gives the HOstory of the Ancestor of One of Pine Bluffs
 Distinguished Citi-

This morning at the County Expo sition building a GRAPHIC reporter was shown by Judge J. w. Bocage an interesting and unique volume The title of the volume was Orderly Book at the Seige of Boston of Capt William Colt, of New London, , with sketch of the distinguished patriot. The volume contains 8 complete record of the orders given and received by Capt. Colt at tht seige Of Boseon during the Revolu tionary War.
 Capt. Colt was born in New London, Nov. 27, 1742, graduated al Yale College in the class of 176l studied law and was admitted tt the bar, his certificate bearing the signature of Gov. Saltonstall. At the beginning of the revolution Capt Colt organized and drilled a military company at New London, and con- tributed largely from his own funds for the purpose.
 Capt. W illiam Colt was the great grand father of Judge J W. .Bocage, oi this city. He fought at Bunker Hill and with his own and Capt Prentiss' commands covered the retreat of the Provincial army The armed schooner Harrison" was not one of the first, but the very first vessel com missioned in the continental service by General Washington, and by him of this vessel. The claim of Colt to being the first American to turn his maiesty's bunting upside down and the father of the American navy, was established years ago through the columns of the New York Herald. Calkins history of New London is also an authority on this fact.
 His son, Capt. Wm. Colt, Jr., made Perry's victory on Lake Erie possi- ble by doing what New Workers re- fused to do; by advancing his own money for the necessary bounty money demanded by Perry's en- listed men. Soon after the payment of the bounty the battle was fought and Perry was victorious. Judge Bocage says that when he was child he has heard his father relate many thrilling incidents connected with the battles in which he was en- gagged.
 The book is certainly one of great interest, as well as curosity, and it is naturally highly prized by it's owner.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
HERE'S A HOWDY DOg
Judge Williams Summons the City of Pine CIun To Appear In His Court
 and Explain Itself

Judge Williams this morning, says yesterdays Little Rock Press, issued an order that the city of Pine Bluff appear before him Monday, Jan. 20, and show cause why it had not deposited money in bank in pay ment for rent far water from; the Pine Bluff water works, as ordered by the court.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
A SWELL AFFAIR
Was the Dance Given at the Bluff City Club Last
 Evening.

About twenty-eight couples en- ioyed delightful dance at the Bluff City Club last evening. The dance took the place of one usually given on New Years night.
 The music was superb and all present voted the affair one of the most enjoyable ever given by the Bluff City Club.
 The attendance was just large and select enongh to make it pleasant.
 At midnight sumptuous supper was served, which had been pre- pared by Caterer Deutsch.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
Rev. Dr. Henson.

Don't miss his lecture on Fools" at Merrill Institute next Monday night. Reserved seats at Harts to- morrow-Saturday II morning at o'clock. This is very fine lecture and a full house should greet the Doctor. 1t
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
Series.

A course of addresses to be given at the Y. NJ. c. A. mems meetings, will begin next Sunday. Rev. John F. Carr will open the series on the subject Abraham. The subjects will be biographical the second on the course will be on Moses treated by MT. J. W. Craword. Ii is desired that large numbers oi men will attend the Sunday D. m., meetings.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17

quested to be present. After pleasant discussions of subjects profitable and interesting to all farmers the meeting then adjourned until next meeting.
 H. A. MeCoY,
 See'Y.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17
For Free Silver Sure Eneugh

A gentleman writes from Stewart as follows: Plese stopp my papper, i is for 16 for l and do not indors your papper. We have stopped his paper. The son of owes us for three years subscription. Win ona (Miss.) Times.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1896-01-17

The funeral of Mrs. Leo NJ. Andrews, which took place this morning from the Main Street Methodist Church. was largely attended.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
En'2

condition the present season. The
little beetle responsible for this ms
chief, is about one tenth of an inch in
length and one-third as wide. Il is
nearly black in color, somewhat cy.ln-
drical in general form, and under
glass of moderate power shows cloth
ing of yellowish hairs on the head and
wing covers. The head is vertical and
the Jaws are short and stout. The
beetle is shown in Fig. /, very much
enlarged.
The adult beetle after making hole
in the tree, deposits her eggs in little
grooves made in the inner bark.
The young, that hatch from these
eggs, feed upon the inner bark and sap
wood, making long channels running
in all directions from the central
groove. These young worms frequent
ly become so numerous as to complete
w girdle the branch or trunk as the
case may be. The young have no feet,
and are white, with small brown heads,
of the general shape shown IN Fig s.
They transform in these channels, and
in due time the adults eat their way out,
thus making more openings similar TO
the ones made by the female when de-
posting her eggs. There are probably
two broods each year. One brood de-
rosits it's eggs in September and the
insect passes the winter as larvae or
worms under the bark. These trans
form in the spring, and begin to emerge
as adults as early as the middle OF
March. | have also found full grown
larvae the last of July.
The fact that the fall brood passes
the winter in the larvae state, the first
remedy that suggests itself, is the cut
ting down and destruction, by burning,
of all infected trees during the winter.
l would recommend this procedure only
in extreme cases or where the trees are
OF no special value. An atteIdpt at ex-
termination would mean tho absolute
destruction of every tree showing even
the least attack. Experimentation with
various sprays and washes for control
ing this pest has not been carried for
ward very rapidly. Trees sprayed with
4 strong solution of Bordeaux mixture
end Paris green combined, at about
double the strength which is generally
used, have given very promising re-
suits. The first application should be
made about April 1 and the second two
weeks later. In order to be most eff
fcctual, the spraying should be done
hefore any of the characteristic marks
of the insect are found upon the trees
as it will be much easier to prevent the
attack than to destroy the beetles after
they have once entered the tree-Prof.
w. G. Johnson. in Western Rural.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
SOME DAIRY DoN'Ts.

Don't think scrub sires can produce
choice stock for any purpose,
Don't keep calves in dark. filthy
places and expect them to thrive.
Don't be afraid to spend money for
a sire from a first-class family.
Don't make your cows drink water
that you could not drink yourself.
Don't feed calf grain before its age
is sufficient so it chews cud.
Doa't try to be called a large dairy
man by the number of cows you keep.
Don't keep COW a month without
testing her to see if she pays her way.
Don't think that strainers' or sepa-
rators can take soluble filth out Oh
milk.
Don't run or worry cows going to
and from the pasture or in the milking
yard or stable.
Don't think to raise 4 calf for milch
rition for a beef animal
Don't have pastures so short that
cows must work every hour of the day
and hight to get enough to eat
Don't forget that COW is decidedly
creature of habit and in al ways try
to conform to her peculiar habits.
Don't feel that your cows are wasting
time if they lie in the shade and chew
their cud for few hours each day.
Don't leave cows with cracked or sore
teats day after day and then beat them
because they kick while being MIXED.
-Colman's Rural World.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
MACADAMIZED ROAD BUILT BY CON-
VICTS.

corn bread and molasses, salt pork and
fruit, the convicts crawled into the
tent where they were chained together
for the night. After an hour of sing
ing and talking, they fell asleep and
snored contentedly till dayhreak, when
they were crowded out for breakfast
and another day on the road.
It was said that all the roads in Hous-
ton county were made by convicts.
There were no jails for petty offenders;
but as fast as convicted, they wereSsent
out to the chain gang and put to work.
At first thought, the sight of that armed
guard and the stories of whippings
that were told, made the whole thing
seem like relic Of barbarous age.
Yet, I saw enough to convice me that
those convicts were better off working
on that road than they would have
been cooped up in q hot Jail, and sub
iect to all the evils of idleness. T would
be glad to see the fat and lazy inmates
of our northern jails out on the roads
at work. IF a drunkard, a thief or a
wife were made to understand
that falling meant hard and constant
labor on the road, such people would
lLluk SOOU Iuduy tl1u0S D0IOT0 Ln6y
duplicated the crime that forced them
into such service.
As to the character of the work done
by these Georgia convicts, there can be
no doubt Of it's value. I have never
seen heater work done on country
road. They went straight through a
rough country, cutting through hills,
and filing low places in thoroughly
workmanlike manner. The cost to the
county was ridiculously small as COM
pared with the usual system of con-
tracing. In the cut is shown picture
Of a road in North Carolina made chiefly
by convict labor. The load of cotton
shown weighs 5000 pounds. Many a
farmer has had hard struggle to haul
two bales into a southern town. This
road is macadamized with three layers
of broken stones of different sizes we'll
spread and packed. The picture is
taken from the Year Book of the depart
ment of agriculture-an excellent vol
cme that all farmers should obtain
from Washington.-Rural New Yorker
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
sUBsolL FLOWING.

It's Value In Conservation of Moisture
Impartially Considered.
Subsoil blowing, that is the loosening
of the subsoil without bringing it to
the surface, is very valuable practice
in those sections where a somewhat
limited rainfall makes it necessary to
carefully conserve moisture. Tt is, how
ever, necessary for the farmer to ascer-
tain the character and value of the
subsoil on his farm before attempt
ing to subsoil, as the practice is bene-
fetal only under certain conditions. A
recent bulletin of the Nebraska sta
ton gives the following suggestions for
the work:
Subsoll blowing, although a means
of conserving moisture, does not pro-
duce it, and is, therefore, not a sub
stitute for irrigation where the rain
fall is too small to produce crops.
Where there is hard, dry subsoil, sub
soil blowing is to be recommended.
Where the subsoil is loose, graveIly or
sandy, subsoiling is probably unneces-
sary, or may even be injurious. Do not
subsoil when the soil is very wet, either
above or beneath, as there is great
danger of pudding the soil, thus leav-
ing it in worse condition than before.
This is one of the reasons why it is
better to subsoil in the fall than in the
spring. If the ground be subsoiled in
the fall the winter and spring rains
have ample opportunity TO soak in.
that being the season of greatest rain
fall and least evaporation. Subsoiling
in the spring may be positive detri-
ment if the subsoil be extremely dry,
as in that case the rainwater is par
TALLY removed from the young plant
by the absorption of the bottom soil.
LII the spring rains were heavy this
would not be a disadvantage. Under
stand the nature and condition of the
subsol on your farm before subsoiling.
IN. Y. World.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01

While the movement for improved
highways has not yet accomplished
what was expected of it in some sec
fions OF the country, the agitation of
the question has served to educate
the people not only in relation to the
value of good roads, but also as to
13e means nd preserving .serviceaDle
highways when once secured. 1t is now
generally recognized that the use Of
wagons with wide tires is one of the
indispensable aids to he maintenance
OF permanently good roads, and the
near future will undoubtedly witness
ahe practical 6esertion of the narrow
tire Tor all heavy wagons olman's
Rural World.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
eARpEN ANp ORCHARD.

All the dead plants should be re-
moved from the flower beds and gar
dens.
Grapes will grow usually without any
care. But that is not the way to get
good crops.
Large quantities of water are being
constantly eyaporated from leaves OF
trees in summer.
The Miller Queen raspberry is highly
spoken of as vigorous and an early and
productive bearer.
Bordeaux mixture will not prevent
rust on strawberry vines, at least not
in all cases. That has been proved
The fruit grower that prefers hardi-
ness in small fruits to quality is affect
ed with laziness, whether he knows it
or not.
The reading on winter evenings
should include good work on insects.
A knowledge of insects and insecticides
is absolutely necessary to the fruit
grower and gardener
1t is the honest nurseryman who
sells stock true to name whose business
lasts. In our time we have known a
good many honest nurserymen to go
TO the wall. That does not mean, how
ever, that those who have failed have
been dishonest.-Far1ner's Voice.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
VINES NEAR DWELLINGS.
How to Secure Growth of Plants Which
Seem Without Life.

How to Secure Growth of Plants Which
Seem Without Life.
1t is often difficult task to get vines
started which have been planted near
dwellings. The plants stand still for
a long time in many cases. 1t is fire.
quently the case that the soil is poor in
such locations. Excavations for the
cellar have been placed there, often OF
sand or clay, in which no plant can
thrive. This must be made right by
digging out barrowfu1 or two of this
rubbish and filling in with good soil.
Another, and perhaps a greater reason
for this poor growth is that the build
ings keep away the rain from certain
quarters, causing the soil to become so
dry that nothing can grow in it. When
this is the trouble it can be remedied
to a great extent by procuring vines
of some length of stem, that they may
be planted some distance away from
the wall. Let it be Virginia creeper,
for instance. Get vine with a stem
two feet or more in length. Plant it
two feet from the wall, opening a trench
from it to the wall in which the shoots
are to be laid and covered over with
earth. This will bring the point of
the vine close to the wall, up which
it Will soon run. The roots being two
feet away from the wall will meet with
more moisture than if closer to it, and
the shoots which have been carried
along under ground will make root in
time, pushing along the growth fast.
In this way, with the roots IN good soil.
many a vine has been given good start,
which otherwise would have grown but
little or have died out completely. It
is an excellent plan, and one not often
thought of.-Prairie Farmer.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
FRuIT BARK REETLE
Although a Recent Importation Is Has
Done Much Harm.

Done Much Harm.
This insect is comparatively new to
the farmers and fruit growers OF Tie
United States, having been known in
this country less than 90 years. 1t has
been serious pest to various kinds of
fruit trees in Germany for over so years.
and was found working upon fruit
trees in the vicinity of Elmira, n. L..
in 1877. 1t has gradually spread in all
directions, especially through the
south and central west. 1t was OBJ
served in large numbers in orchards in
South Carolina in 1856, and was very
destructive to fruit trees in Illinois in
1883. Two years later it was found in
Indiana, and is now well established
throughout the central Mississippi
valley.
Ny attention has been called TO it
many times during the present year,
in orchards throughout central and
southern Illinois. 1t is becoming
very serious pest. and many orchartlists
and farmers sTe becoming greatly
alarmed. 1t DOES not confne it's at
tacks to fruit tre~s, but is found work
ing en- shade and ornamental trees as
sell; usually the maple, elm and noun
sGin ash.
The beetle will attack perfectly
acalthy trees, but has a decided pref
crence for weak and sickly ones. A tree
infested with this insect can be eRe;Iv
detected by a little careful observations.
The trunk and larger branches s1e
usually peppered full of little round
holes, about the size of pin head, ~
shown in the accompanying illustra-
ton at Fig. 2. In many instances the
gummy eNerdation from these pune
lures is very conspicuous, standing out
in bead-lilxe masses or running down
the branches and trunk. / have seen
many trees, especially cherry, in this
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01

We prefer doing this in the spring,
and would prepare for it now. If you
want to move a moderately large tree,
say, four, five, or even six inches in
diameter of trunk, next spring, head
in its top now all you think ought to be
done at planting time, then mark ring
on the ground around and four, five,
six or more feet away from the stem,
the distance away depending on the
size of the tree. Now, along, but out
side of this ring mark, dig narrow
trench, say, three feet deep, the object
being to cut away all roots projecting
beyond it, and fill up the trench at once
with the same soil that came out of it.
BY spring the tree will have fairly re
covered from the shock caused by cat
ting in root and top, and may be dug up
and transplanted with fair chances OF
success.-Gardening.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
SOME ORCHARD EVILS.
How to Protect Young Fruit Trees from
Mice and Rabbits.

How to Protect Young Fruit Trees from
Mice and Rabbits.
The following directions are issued
by the Pardue university agricultural
experiment station:
Young fruit trees are very apt to be
injured during the winter by mice and
rabbits gnawing the bark. This is es-
pecially true if the orchard has been
neglected during the summer season.
A heavy growth of grass or weeds about
the trees makes excellent nests for mice
during the winter, and where rubbish
heaps have been allowed to accumulate
in the orchard, especially if it is near
{ forest, rabbits will almost invariably
congregate. Under these conditions
the young trees viii almost certainly
suffer from the ravages of one or both
of these pests. It is important there
fore that this matter be attended to at
once.
There are various remedies recon-
mended for these evils, the first and
most successful of which is clean cul-
tivation. If this has been followed,
then remove all loose mulch, dead grass
and rubbish of various kinds from the
Immediate vicinity of the base of the
trees. This will destroy the nesting
places of the mice and will go far to-
ward protecting the trees from injury.
Then, in addition to the above, make
smooth, compact mound of earth, a
foot high, about the base of the trees,
just before the ground freezes. These
two precautions will be all that is neces-
sary to insure protection against mice.
Rabbits are not Sd likely to injure
trees where there are other small plants,
such as young grapevines or nursery
stock, in the Immediate vicinity of the
orchard, as they seem to delight in
cutting off the young and tender
branches in preference to gnawing the
bark of older trees. It is always safe,
however, to protect the trees, and a
favorite method is to wrap the trunks
with closely-woven wire screen, such
as is used for screen doors.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1896-02-01
FIG. q.

boards sawed to slip inside as the build
ing is filled and taken out as it is
emptied.
Some prefer to pack sawdust or
other material between the walls, but
the model we are describing has moth
ing between the walls, as the dead air
is as good nonconductor as anything,
and if the packing gets wet it allows
the heat to enter and rots the siding.
We have known ice to be kept very
nicely in a singlewalled house, but it
is not safe to trust it in such one.
Ice is about as cheap luxury as the
farmer can indulge in, and the one who
begins to store it will not soon give it
up.-Farm and Fireside.