davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1896-08-27

ran do is to Join with his neighbors and
trv TO induce some one to put IN
creamery. The COW worth from sou to
s75 and given $50 worth of feed IN
wear, if judiciously handled, near
good market, will make profit for her
owner. She should produce 5000
pounds of 4 to AZ per cent milk,
which, sold to a creamery at the aver
age price of so cents a hundred, would
return $4S to $54 year. Besides there
would be the skim-milk, the calf and
the manure. Twenty dollars to $25
is considered a good profit on a COW
after paying for feed and labor, saying
nothing about the by-products. The
COW that produces 300 pounds of but
Ter a year will do so at cost OF 10
cents a pound, IL she is we'll managed.
The average cost, however, is about
IL cents pound, based on the price OF
feeds from year to year. The COW that
produces only 200 pounds year would
DO so at cost of Is cents a pound, and
the $50 pounds year COW at cost OF
20 cents, taking 1t for granted that
the feed is the same in either case.
The pleasant feature about dairy
ing is the profit. If the profit is not
found, there is no pleasure in the work.
This is a general law, but 1t applies
with a special force to dairying. be-
cause profitable dairying is fine art,
and success is won by strict attention
business. The man who looks upon
cow as necessary evil, can never
ebe decided success as a dairyman,
any more than a slovenly farmer can
make success at farming. The price
received for butter depends chiefly
upon the taste OF the consumer. The
intelligent butter-maker studies the
tastes OF those people who are willing
to pay well for what suits them, and
then he learns how to make that kind
OF butter 1t Is the only way he can
get their money. 1t is not the expense
OF manufacture that fixes the price
The consumer cares not that the but
ter perhaps cost untold labor on the
part OF some one who churned and
prepared 1t for market. If inferior, it
sells for an inferior price, regardless
Va eAAS Sool VI ~ anu IL IL Is
superior, it sells at top prices, though
made with ease and little expense.
And the beauty remains that the cost
OF producing the best butter need not
ce greater than that of producing
goods of poorer quality, in fact the
bad article is generally made at the
greater cost. Ignorance is expensive.
l think it will make every one who
owns cows a better dairyman to sit
down and compare the prices of dairy
goods with those of other farm pro-
ducts II your cheap grains can be
converted into 20 and rs cent butter
and 10 cent cheese or 81 to $1.l5 per
hundred for milk, it will pay better
than selling the raw material and rob-
Ding the farm of all the fertilizing
material that much of the land is al
ready in need of.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1896-08-27
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.

Succcssful Farmer Operate This
p.n.rtment Of tho Farm-A Few
u,,,s NJ to the Care Of live Stock
and Poultry.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1896-08-27

Effect Of Salt on Sheep.-A curious
instance as exemplifying the action Of
common salt is recorded. On the table
lands among the Pyrenees mountains
sheep-flocks of 5000 to 12,O0O-are
driven up from the valleys to feed
down the heritage during the summer.
the soil is characterized by a total
absence of sodium, and the salt breezes
from the Bay of Biscay do not reach
such high ATTITUDES of nearly two miles
The sheep are invariably divided into
two groups, the one for fattening, the
other for breeding Now, both are fed
on the same land. yet one group ia ever
lean, and has to be maintained so for
productive ends. while the other group
is invariably fat. The latter are sun
piled with salt, the other not, and that
makes the whole dfference.-Ex.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1896-08-27

Population and Cows-According to
statistics population in the United
States increases faster than dairy cows.
There are in the state of Iowa nearly
800 creameries and her farmers are
better off than the same number in any
other Western state Kansas should have
1000 creaueriuA located wherever feed
can be raised; and, Il managed as well
rs some We noW have. there would be
no trouble abene their getting the milk,
and the CONDITION OF the farmers in the
vicinity q thts eReameries would be
much MISUNDERSTANDING.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1896-08-27

Where Profit Lies.-The profits in
dairying depend, first, on the kind of
COW that We start with and the next
thing is the matter Of feed and atten-
ton. If there is any profit at all, it is
from those cows that are well bred and
we'll fed. II the demand for good but
ter and cheese continues and other
farm products rule at low figure. we
must devote more time to dairy mat
tiers. Remember, 1t is no easy Job to
pick up herd of good cows at random.
The safest plan is to get a few good
oncs and then buy registered bull acd
breed up.-Exchange.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1896-08-27

Sheep a. Manure spreaderA
Before the Michigan State Board Of
agriculture member said: BY the
way some sheep are kept 1t would look
as though the notion that something
could come OF nothing by the gracious
aid OF sheep" is still believed in, and
cannot make my ideas any palmer
tnan py quoting the remarks of prac-
tlcal sheep breeder, who says: I'VE
frequently see absurd statements that
.ne sheep's foot turns all to gold, and
.nere Is no steadier or surer way to
lertillze barren field than to put
nock OF sheep to pasture upon the bril-
ars and weeds in it, that, in effect,
sheep will live upon the poorest kind
VI tood and make the richest manure,
ana are thus the best stock farmer
can keep on his farm. But those who
nave been there know better.
here Is no other domestic animal that
needs better care or food for profitable
.nrl!t than sheep; that out OF their
nheiy-erinding manure mill comes
nothlng that is not first put into the
hopper; that yet, with proper care and
shi!' we'll selected flock of the right
hind OF sheep. in the right place. can
oe made to pay one hundred per cent
VIZ their cost every year. 1t is true
mat nock Of sheep will clear a field
ot weeds. briars and rubbish. and will
srlch 1t. but it will not live upon
me. To relish this rough heritage,
sneep must be fed literally with
me supplementary food. such as
Hn' cNt clover. grass. or green corn
f0voeFsQr some grain food. Then with
thiS Alloy the sleeps food may take on
the golden unge and will edge with
gold Ne farmers pocket by making
his pool lands rich; giving him. at the
same tinQe. q lamb or two and fleece
every ylN. The fact is. sheep are
manure s1keaders 1Ather than manure
makers. u iced them with the ma
terial. they ks ttAsis pay out of it
and give u bs6k NJ rsmainder, trans
formed into : sdbstancs of equal value
because it issasssS As&i]1p,O with that
which they rec4Iye. ~ th4y get lat
meanwhile in doint ~
sor. Shoulders w
The best way to psSssn u = to
have a good clean leathaf hf 49,
fits tight. There is sUe1I Al 49, ~
getting collar SO tigh&. thn9@
choke horse, but large - ~
sore shoulders Is caused BY hAvfnE tn
collar too large. l keep in thO hoSn.
smooth round piece Of hard wooAl
about IL inches long, and just as soon
as find patch OF chatting or swelling
l pound the collar right over the sore
place. If you tend to them in time
thoroughly you will not be troubled
much with sores. You must take the
draft of the collar off from the sore
before you can heal 1t up. One of the
best remedies l have ever found for
a sweeny or big swelling is hot water.
AS soon as you find large swelling,
lameness or bruise. take very hot water
and wash it thoroughly, then wipe dry
and rub for all you are worth for not
less than Is minutes. Don't forget that
hot water and lots of elbow grease
we'll applied in time will cure the worst
case of sweeny, or swelling. 1t should
be applied not less than three times a
day in bad cases, then grease it to pre-
vent white hairs from coming in. I
use salt butter. lard and kerosene
melted together.-Ex.
Lewiston teller. [volume] (Lewiston, North Idaho) 1878-1900, 1896-08-27

N an address to
Kansas farmers A.
E. Jones said: The
farmer that is iso-
lated from markets
and is obliged to
barter his butter
at the store for s
and 10 cents a
pound will never
get wealthy, and
the best thing he
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14
Origin of Popular Expressions.

Tell that to the Marines" indicates
the contempt which, even to the present
day, professional sailors feel and express
for the soldiers who form a portion of
the complement on board man-of war,
says an exchange.
DO at Rome as Romans do" is credi
ted to no less al authority than st. Aug
Justine, who advised convert, doubtful
about the propriety of some custom OBJ
served at Rome, to do as other people
did.
The term "blue stocking" is as old as
the year 1400, at which date in Venice a
society of literary ladies and gentlem en-
was organized, the members of which as
a distinguishing badge wore blue stock
ings.
"As tight as Dicks hatband" origin
ated in the days of Richard Cromwell,
son of the great Oliver. who. in the
humorous p4rlance of the time, found
the crown 30 tight that he could not put
it on his head.
AS deaf as an adder" is an allusion to
the fact that the hearing of many kinds
of serpents is far from acute. owing to
the circumstance that their auditory
apparatus is covered by the outer skin
or epidermis, which is shed every sea-
son.
"The dog WATCH" term used by sail
ors. was once the dodge watch, short
watch being introduced between those
longer in duration. in order that too
great an amount of work should not be
put upon the same men in the course of
the day.
40 haul over the Goals" recalls the
former legal custom Of trial by fire, the
accused walking barefoot over bed of
glowing Goals and his innocence or guilt
being deduced from the condition Of his
feet after certain number OF days had
elapsed.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14
FARM. GARDEN AND DAIRY
Instructive Reading for AgricuIturists.
PREPARED EXPRESSLY FOR "THE UNIvERSALIST."


finished, as our climate and season will
permit. At the Iowa station, where the
gain has ranged at about two pounds a
day, it wac at cost varying from one
and half to eight cents pound, the
former being made on grass. and the
latter during the heaviest grain feeding
at the close.
The Normandie cattle are the great
dairy breed of France. and are becoming
a valuable acquisition to our milking
herds. We are glad to see an increas-
ing importation of them. They are a
large dairy and beef breed, being large
mixers of exceptionally rich milk.
Mating young bulls is bad for the
bulls and bad for the progeny. Jerseys
breed very early. Perhaps its small
size and lack OF constitutional vigor are
the results of this practice Nowadays,
when vigor of constitution is as much
thought of as butter and milk produc-
ton, it becomes imperative to breed from
bulls which have attained full maturity.
In the close competition in home and
foreign markets the improved breeds of
cattle are commanding greater attention
as the best material with which to meet
the competition of the world High
grades mature early, and are called for
early and often. The scrubs must wait
year longer and then weigh less and
command less price, which pays no
profit on the food they have eaten.
The skill of the breeder and that of
the feeder go hand in hand However
we'll bred our stock is, the feeding prob
lem must be considered, and the bal
anced ration of the best feed be supplied.
There is model for the market, and we
must come up to it; and yet it does not
pay to attain this at real loss.
English farmers find stock raising
more profitable than the growing of
wheat, and let the cheap labor of Russia,
India and South America produce their
wheat. In all the civilized countries
improved stock has increased as grain
growing becomes less profitable. Amer.
lean farmers have bright future in the
production of high class cattle.
Look now more than ever, to pure
bred sires. The destiny of American
stock breeding depends upon tn class
of stock we breed for the markets, home
and foreign. To improve will bring
prosperity. while to decline is to lose
the highest hopes of American agricul-
ture. Raise only such grain as can be
profitably fed to stock, and raise only
such stock as can be matured on the
farm. and be sure it is of grade which
will bring profit on the raising,
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14

Feed literally when butter prices are
low. Make good butter, and in meas
ure be independent of prices. Comfort
able quarters will do what feed can not.
A small number of good COWS should
suggest the use of a separator as thing
of profit.
A penny earned in the production of
pound Of butter is worth two earned
by enhanced prices. There are plenty
Of ways Of doing this reducing the
cost. The American farmer must think
as we'll as work, and there is no longer
any hope for him in competing in the
production of crude, rough products
The farmer should make just as great
profit on butter today at 20 cents
pound as he could few years ago at 80.
The lower prices immensely increase
consumption, and it also aids in driving
out fraudulent substitutes. giving the
farmer an honest control OF the market.
One objection urged against winter
dairying is that it is so much trouble to
loioC bhO IRlfOo WAOa bnOJ CduOOb U6
turned out on pasture. This difficulty
is not serious one if you have good,
warm barn, clover hay and ensilage.
Without these you should not attempt
to run winter dairy.
Whether your method be by cold,
deep setting of milk, or extraction by
the hand separator, keep the whole
process, including the butter making,
entirely away from the kitchen. If you
do not, your butter will not and should
not bring more than the very minimum
price.
Bear in mind that after you have pro-
cured good cows and have fed them
scientifically, and have practiced all the
arts of fine butter making. you may still
not be making money, for the reason
that your ekim milk is too rich. Know
how to get all the cream.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14
THE UNIvERsAL1sT: SATURDAY, NOVEMBER IA, 1896

Luther, after doing all the counting
necessary to gain the consent of the fu.
ture bride, returned to the respondent
Melsnchthon and announced that the
chosen lady's name was Miss Katharine
Knapp, daughter of the Mayor of Wit.
tenberg, the recipient of the announce
ment offered no objections to the selec-
tion.
10 fact, the choice was evidently
pleasing one. as Miss Knapp was sweet.
modest young lady (then his own age,
twenty-three), for he Immediately
changed the name Katharine" to the
more playful one Katie" and presented
her with new gown upon the occasion
of the marriage. 1t is said of Melanch-
thon's wife that she was good woman,
but timid and sensitive, often grievipg
the heart of her husband by her resort
10 tears upon the slightest provocatiop,
Her health being impaired, she paid lit
tie attention to household affairs, par
ticularly neglecting her culinary depart
msnt. Often they we're found surround
ing the hospitable board of Luther (tor
Mrs. Luther was an excellent cook.
where all engaged in a humorous, but
interesting conversation.
Such is the result of I,uther's match
making. Possibly the discouraging eff
feet prod iced upon him by the rather
unsatisfactory union had a tendency to
dampen the ardor of the great Reformer
along this particular line of occupation
At any rate, we read nothing more of
Luther's matrimonial matches, and are
led to believe that he abandoned the
task as thankless and Improbable
Herald and Presbuter
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14
HORTICULTURE.

1t is matter of surprise that 30 few
farms are made to produce the nice line
Of fruits any and every family needs to
make a show of completeness in it's
every day bill of fare. The small fruits
are so healthful and appetizing. That
which most stands in their way is the
interest in the staple crops.
Spectators have to take the chances
of the markets for months, as well as
the deterioration of the fruit in holding,
and they must buy as low as possible.
Growers have no idea of the frightful
loss in the quantity OF fruit between the
time of packing and consumption.
The grower should make the disposal
OF his fruits extend over longer time,
and change OF method in selecting.
packing and style of packing, and the
keeping of his fruit at lower tempera-
ture. will make him more independent
of market conditions.
We wonder if all the talk about the
preserving OF our forests is making any
impression upon the hearts OF our
American people. There could be no
wiser legislation by State or general
government than to take this matter in
hand IN some shape. In Norway law
provides that no person shall be permit.
ted to cut down tree unless he planted
three saplings In Its place.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14
MARTIN LUTHER AS A MATCH
MAKER.

The whole world knows Martin Luther
as leader in the Reformation and an
expounder of Scripture. but few persons
would think of him as matchmaker.
And yet, if an old history in which l
have been delving be true, he had signal
ability in this direction.
Melanchthon was timid. 1t has been
said that he could not preach sermon
to congregation, as merely their pres.
ence filed him with fear, although in
the lecture-room he twas self possesssd
AS consequence of this timidity he
buried himself deeply in his beloved
studies, applying himself SO diligently
that his friends became alarmed and
urged him to adopt a less arduous plan
of work; indeed. felt the deepest con-
cern as they noted the impairment of
his health.
What was Luther's remedy? He
saw that Melanchthon was a necessity
at Wittenberg, and that. in all probable
ity, if he would but establish himself
there in home, his future stay there
would be permanent. Going to his
friend, ne calmly announced to him
that what he needed was a wife. Mel
anchthon was Mortified. wife indeed!
Give up his researches in science and
philosophy? Be encountered with the
various obligations which, of necessity,
rest upon the head of family? He was
dsmaye ed at the preposterous idea. But
still Luther plead and argued. He was
convinced reluctantly, aud his friend
sat off to find bride. AS to Melanch-
thon's preference III he had any, that
WAS not thought worthy of considera-
ton. Possibly he believed himself the
victim of cruel fate. which. in some
unexplainsble manner. held him power
less in it's clutches. and considered that
h. must accept the coming develop
ments az inevitable. Al any rate. when
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14

take heap of money for it; and I've
got a black box under my Commas
bed where I've put many dinner
(for with that child's agony before
me l declare l could not eat mouth
full many time) And so, Captain,
I'll be mighty obleeged to you for
your help; but l would like the black
box to go as fur as it will, and I'm
right sure my ole woman would too,
for she was woman much set on
payin' her own way as fur as she
could and let charity come along
afterwards. Then, when you will be
kind enough to engineer it for me,
my piles yourn; and God bless you
and every one that's kin to you'll"
1t would be difficult to portray tn e
feelings of Captain McCurb when he
left Burke that day; but his mind
was very busy on his walk back to
the mines.
That night a letter went from
Burke's superintendent to the great
Southern surgeon, and reply soon
came. Another was sent and an
other reply came, and following that
the great surgeon, who took pro-
fessional look at Comma.
Many months later one could not
have found happier pair of human
beings than Comma Matson walking
beside her father at Wilderness
Camp, while the woods around rang
with the sturdy miners yell for
Manly McCurb.-Independent.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14
THE BURNING BUSH.
BY MARY WOODWARD wEATHERBEE.

II will turn aside and see this great sight,
why the bush is not burned."-EXODUs Ill. 3.
Does Nature have her holy days?
For now, as if upon occasion dressed,
Her hills like affairs smoke;
As If her sacred fires had broke.
And tree and bush are all ablaze;
And some now in purple haze.
Or Is the miracle made new,
o. trees that flash and flame. nor yet consume?
If God would talk with men,
II w could it be, save only when
They turn aside and rapturous gaze
Upon his wonder working ways?
Christian Register.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14
OUT OF THE EAST.

Nowhere is the universally of the
movement for the elevation of women
more apparent than when we look at
life in India, which has been the very
stronghold of oppression as regards
women, and where laws and customs
have offered an impregnable barrier to
the entrance of innovation and change.
The education of women as physicians
to go among the women of the zsnana,
obliged hitherto to suffer unspeakably
for the want of physicians, has been an
enormous thing in its present and in
it's far-reaching effect. This however,
If the most important thing for Oriental
women, is not by any means all that
has been done for them. That most
invaluable aid. the University settle
ment, has reached India, and is doing
its work there, both American and
English women taking part in it.
e ucated native women, also, have
spoken in public to good audiences in
regard to the education of Indian wo-
men, and have sowed much good seed;
and a society of the Daughters OF
India" has been organized by the
Christianized women there which is to
accept no help from any but natives;
while magazine of the country has
lately had an article by Hindu, ad-
vising reform in relation to women in
small as we'll as in larger things, not
alone in the matter of freedom and
coming out from long seclusion, in the
abolition of the too early marriages, in
the alienation of the condition of the
wretched widows, but in the apparently
trivial and really very important affairs
Of the toilet. such as the use of pocket
handkerchief and the adoption and
possession Of pockets-pockets to which
women in our western lands attribute
much of the success and comfort Of
their brothers and husbands, who go
about provided with more than dozen,
while they themselves are cabined.
cribbed. confined, by one alone.
Meantime certain of the wealthy be
gums, awake to the hour, have given
generous sums to libraries and hospi-
tails, and are thus making the advanta-
ges of feminine help and power known
and felt. There is also thought to be a
promise of the destruction of the old
system OF caste in the marriages be-
tween subdivisions of the castles. This.
however, will be a very slow movement,
and success in its direction is not to be
expected for many years, not to say
generations, to come.
All this only shows that the uplift in
relation to women, as we have just said,
is universal. When the great Rsnais-
sance in art arrived, some centuries
since, in France. in Flanders. in Italy, it
happened that, without any communi-
cation with the rest of the world, a
corresponding movement was taking
place in far-away japan and the East,
the finest lacquers and potteries and de.
signs of that region belonging to the
same era; a fact which makes one
feel that such things belong to cosmic
periods. and are in the plan of the con
duct OF the world. And in this view it
is idle for any i'll wisher if such there
be, to interfere with the movement
here which is lifting half of the race to
fuller light and usefulness. HaperS
Bazaar.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1896-11-14

In beef making the cheapest is always
made on good pastures. Gain in live
weight can be made at one third less
than is required to make it on grain
and dry feed. and in many cases the diff
ference is greater. Cattle do not always
fatten most rapidly upon grass. but al
ways more economically; and yet many
of our heaviest gains are made upon
good pastures.
just as much of our beef should be
made upon grass. and properly grain