davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05
Tho Most Valuable BULL 7n Gb@ W0r1d]s

ham Tobacco Company, Mr.. Julian
Shakespeare Carr, was born In Chapel
Hill on the 18th of October 1845. Ilis
father was the late John Wesley Carr;
conducted a mercantile business i'm
chapel HiH for many years, from
which he derived competency and
gave his children good educational
advantages. lie was an industrious
and frugal man, making and saving
money by his business methods in
community where few got more than
living. Mr.. Cars mother.
Eliza Pannell Bullock, who is now
nearing her eightieth year, and
lives to rejoice in the success of her
son, was a good help-meet to her hus-
band, and for many years they were
the leading members of the Method
list church in the village of Chapel Hill.
Brought up under the pious influence
Of Methodist parents, associating even
from early boyhood with the Young
men who attended the University. he
e&@4.y became acquainted with all
phases Of life. He entered the Uniyer-
sity at a very early age and left it's
halls stripping lad to enter the army
as private i'm Company X, Third North
Carolina Cavalry, Barringer's brigade
of w IL i. Lees division He has
never ceased to have a loyal affection
for his old comrades in arms, and, as
President of the North Carolina Con-
federate Veterans Association, was one
of the moving spirits in the establish
ment Of the Soldiers Home in Raleigh.
He is held in the highest esteem by
every old ex-Confederate, for they all
know that no success in business, and
no riches has driven from his heart the
virgin love which he gave to the Lost
Cause" Like all other successful men,
he bears this love without keeping his
eyes turned mournfully on the past.
1t is a cherished affection which he
bears as to the loved dead. He would
not forget-he would permit none to
dishonor-but he would not permit
even the tenderest recollections to di-
vide his devotion to the Union. He ac-
cepted the arbitrament of war like
good soldier, and went to work to
build up the waste places, and turn the
instruments of war into implements
for Industrial success. How well he
has succeeded, is a part of the history
Of this commonwealth.
A simple recital of the positions Of
trust and honor held by Mr.. Carr shows
his many sided talents and interests.
In the educational field he is, first of
all. trustee of the Durham Graded
Schools; trustee and member of the
executive committee of the University
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

Durham; director of the Com
monweaIth Mills, which manufactures
hosiery as well as cotton goods; and
holds stock in Caraleigh Cotton Mills,
Odell Cotton Mills, and dozens Of other
successful manufacturing establish
ments.
Mr. Carr is also one Of the States
most successful bankers, being presi-
dent of the First National Bank Of
Durham, which is located in a magnif-
icent $4,000 building on the corner of
Main and Corcoran streets. 1t has a
capital of $150,O00 and is one of the
States rock-ribbed institutions. He
is a stakeholder in the Commercial
and Farmers Bank in Raleigh, and in
other banks that stand at the top.
Among the other positions that
make demand upon this busy mans
time it may be mentioned that he is
President of the Durham Electric
Lighting Co.; the Bessemer Mining
Co; the Southern Manganese Co.; di-
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

Nice-President Of the Lynchburg and
Durham r. r.; Yice-President Durham
Bull Fertilizer Co.; Vice-president
Kerr Bag Mfg Co; President Of the
Southern Tobacco Association; mem
Der of Executive Committee Of the
National Tobacco Association, &c, &c.
But factories and banks and farms
and mines and hotels, i'm which Mr..
Carr has invested largely, do not meas
ure the value this great enterprise
has been to the State. There is not
a college in the State that has not
been assisted by this friend of educa-
ton and large-hearted gentleman, and
many young men and young women
owe their education and start in life
to his generosity Trinity Methodist
Church, Durham, the most beautiful
church in the State, and the beautiful
Methodist Church at Chapel Hin, the
seat of the University, were built large
ly by his contributions. Trinity College
is built on a magnificent campus,
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

of North Carolina; trustee of Greens
boro Female College; trustee of, the
American University which the Meth
odists are building at Washington, ID.
c.; and virtually an advisory trustee
of other institutions of learning, the
officers OF which seek his counsel and
advice.
In the field of agriculture Mr.. Carr
is owner of 0cconeechee farm in Or
ange county. one of the best stocked
and one of the finest farms in every re-
spect in the United States; has been
for several years president of the State
Agricultural Society and president OF
the last two State Fairs; is vice-presi-
dent or director OF several local fairs,
in which he always takes a deep inter-
est; and is president Of the State Dairy
mans Association.
In the benevolent and charitable ac-
tiyities of his town and State he is not
only liberal giyer of his means, but
Of his time and advice which always
prove valuable and helpful to those in
active control. lie is a director of the
Oxford Orphan Asylum, and has been
for many years one Of it's staunchest
friends; he is one of the. Board of Man
ayers OF the Soldiers Home in Raleigh;
a member of the Vance Monumental
Committee; and associated in nearly
every work of beneyolence or public
spirit that appeals to large hearted
men and women.
AS a manufacturer, Mr.. Carr is inter
csted in many plants and Industries
in addition TO his great work as Pres
ident Of Blackwell's Durham Tobacco
Company He is President Of the Col
den Belt Mfg Co, the biggest bag
factory in the South; the Golden Belt
Hosiery Company which turns out 49,
600 individual stockings every day;
Yice-P President of the Durham Cotton
Mills, the first cotton factory built in
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05
STAMPING DEPARTMENT.

After leaving the packing room the
tobacco goes to the stamping depart
ment on the second floor. Here about
sixty boys and girls are constantly en-
ployed in affiXing to the packages the
government revenue stamps and the
labels bearing a caution against
second use of the package with the
number of factory and name of the
manufacturer. The operatives acquire
great dexterity in putting on the la
bells. The value of internal stamps
used by the firm annually amounts to
ST 10000 per day.
Here, too, the tobacco is prepared for
shipment. 1t is packed in pine boxes,
the amount put into each box being
either twenty-five, fifty or one hundred
pounds, according to the character of
the order to be filed. The cases are
manufactured in the firms own box
factory in the rear of the main build
ing. Ample facilities are provided for
making them on an extensive scale.
The lumber is brought in the rough to
the factory where a planning machine
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

next work necessary is to pack the to-
bacco in the familiar square cornered
white cloth packages. The
Durham tobacco is prepared for mar
ket in packages of four sizes, weigh
ing respectively, two, four, eight and
sixteen ounces. Steam propelled ma
chinery has been invented by various
parties for the packing and weighing
of smoking tobacco, but until recently
all attempts in this direction have met
with Indifferent success. The new au-
tomato packing and labelling machine,
recently constructed, an invention of
the late Will III. Kerr and Mr.. II. /.
Patterson, of Durham, sbas just been
completed, and is being thoroughly
tested by this company with view on
the part of Blackwell's Durham To-
bacco Co, of adopting the machine for
the purpose of packing, weighing and
labelling their extensive product. This
is thus carrying out it's GUS
tomary policy of being the first TO
introduce new and improved machin-
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

When free from dust and impuri-
ties. the tobacco is taken to sieve, the
holes of which are of the exact size to
admit all the particles of tobacco suf-
ficiently small for the graduated and
finished product. That which remains,
or the larger pieces of leaf, are return
ed to the cutting machines, there to be
combined with fresh leaf, and again
enter upon the same process, this plan,
of course, being continued indefinitely.
The portion which passes through, i
now prepared for the final processes OF
iiavoring, packing and preparing for
shipment, but before these are begun,
it is carried by huge eleya-
tors to the upper story OF
the main building, where 1T
is left IN great heaps upon the floor to
mellow and ripen with age. There is
rarely less than a million pounds of
tobacco on this floor. and while look
ing at the huge mass, one could not
help thinking that were Johnson's and
Sherman's veterans here now they
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

/ which he donated. When debt crip-
pied and threatened the future Of
Greensboro Female College. the college
mat had educated the daughters Of
Methodists of the State for more
than three generations he was one of
dozen gentlemen who purchased the
property and guaranteed il to the
church. charging il and equipping it
with every modern improvement.
ne University, from when be was
graduated, has found him its most
liberal friend, Saving given to it in the
past few years something like $4,000.
He has established SCHOLARSHIPS at
Wake Forest and Davidson, and Elon
College has felt his helping hand. Be
lore the graded schools at Durham
were supported by taxation, Mr.. Carr
paid iargely--once a thousand dol
iars a year--to give an opportunity of
education to the children Of Durham.
1t may be truthfully said that he ia
the first citizen OF the State in that he
IS looked 10 in church, education, pa
triotic eHdeavor and public spirit to
set the pace. And he never falters in
his patriotism, his far-sightedness or
his generosity.
I'D rather occupy the position Of
Julian S. Carr in North Carolina" said
one of the ablest men in the country,
friend of many North Carolinians, not
long ago, speaking of North Carolina
men and the future of the State, ''than
to hold any Office in the gift of the peo-
pie. He has done more to bring his
State to the front in the two great ways
that It is at the ont-manufacturing
and education-than any other man,
and if his great liberality and ardent
patriotism doesn't win the grateful
appreciation of every Tar-heel, then
the Tar-heel has changed his spots.
To hold the position of Mr.. Carr,
sought by all who desire to advance
the State, honored by all who find him
as an earnest co-laborer, respected by
all who glory in the material and edu-
cational advancement of the State,
what loftier position could any man
hold? No office, no fame, no position
is so enduring or offers One-haf so
many avenues for great usefulness and
permanent fame.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

would find a vast deal of attractive
plumber in the line of smoking tobacco
As an aid to the ripening process the
tobacco is almost constantly moved
hither and thither, and by mixed la
borers with broad shovels. just below,
on the third floor, are the flavoring
and packing departments.
THE WORK OF FLAyoRING.
Into bin at the side of the room the
tobacco is transferred, in moderate
quantities, from the upper floor, so that
it can be easily taken TO an adjoining
bin. Oh. enclosed space, where the work
of fiavoring is done. The principal ma
ferial used in the flayoring process is
the tonka-bean, a product of Guiana,
and which gives forth a peculiar aroma.
1t is used as an ingredient in manu-
featuring the hayoring known as ex
tract of vanilla, and it is also employed
in making other extracts. 1t was first
used in fiayoring smoking tobacco by
the predecessor of the present firm,
Mr. j. X. Green. It's merits are now
known to the entire tobacco trade, but,
nevertheless, fully seventy-fige per cent
of the tonka-bean stock brought to the
United States is controlled and con-
suIned by this company. This will be
better understood when ii is known
that the merit Of the article as a favor
for smoking tobacco depends quite as
much on the method of application as
upon it's inherent virtues. The manner
of applying it has been SO perfected un-
der the direction of the experienced
men in this company, that it constitu
ties a valuable trade secret. Again,
other aromaticsubstances were brought
into use, and combined with the tonka-
bean, III order to secure the desired
excellence which is now everywhere
known as the Durham flavor.
The fayoring processes are never
varied, and in this way the aroma is
always uniform. It is hardly surpris
ing then that an old smoker can almost
invariably detect the fumes OF his fa-
vorite Durham. The smaller manu-
facturers have left little undone to
initiate, as far as possible, this inval-
liable feature. A very sanguine Vir-
ginia manufacturer said recently
with much enthusiasm, that after
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05
THE WORK OF PACKING

is carried on this way: An operative
first takes tim funnel of the same
size and shape as the desired package,
and draws over it's open end one Of the
cloth cases. A second boy then forces
the funnel with the cloth case into
what is known as copper shape" ex-
actly fitted for the purpose. The pur-
pose of this shape" is to prevent the
tin funnel from expanding at it's end
during the severe process of packing.
The ''shape" and funnel are taken to-
gether by the main operator who
places the mouth of the funnel di-
rectly under the arm of the lever. The
funnel is supplied with tobacco, which
the swiftly descending arm of the lever
soon forces sufficient to exactly and
compactly fill that part of the funnel
equivalent in size TO the cloth case
without. Afterwards a third boy with
draws the funnel from the "shape,"
leaving the tobacco package intact and
complete save that it requires tying
which is done by a fourth boy while
still in the copper shape. The COM
pany has facilities in their factory for
packing 10000 pounds of smoking to-
bacco per day.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

Anything like a description OF this
mammoth industry would be in
complete without sketch of the man
who has been at the helm for twenty
six years, and to whose wise planning
and wiser execution Blacltwel's Dur
ham has grown to its present great.
ness. The architect of a great edifice
has his name forever associated with
the perfection of his work The
painter of a portrait that has in it the
quality that gives it immortality, is
himself enshrined with the glory OF
his creation. Ii is the same with
man who rears a business from small
beginnings to immense proportions. 1t
is not done by chance or accident,
though favorable circumstances are
necessary. But it takes a man OF sa-
gaeity and wisdom 10 take the tide at
the flood and ride on to fortune.
The president of Blackwell's Dur
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

Co, of which Mr.. Carr is Pres dent,
and this work, of itself, constitutes an
important industry, giving employ
ment to many people.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

rector in the Raleigh Street Railway;
Vice President of the Southern Immi-
grafton, Land and Title Company;
President N. G. Veterans Association;
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

Little remains to be told concerning
this great factory. lit has already been
intimated that the factory is supplied
with modern improvements through
out, each floor being heated by steam,
while beneath the roof Of the main
building is water tank holding 49,,
900 gallons which is kept constantly
filed. From this pipes decend to where
ever water is wanted in the building
for general purposes. In case of fire
the main pipes can be tapped, and TWO
coils of two and one-half inch rubber
hose, each fifty feet in length, are al
ways ready for immediate use on all
the floors. The worlmen in the factory
are thoroughly instructed in the use OF
the hose, and in this way the danger of
a destructive fire is almost entirely re-
moved.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05

The cloth bags are manufactured
in Durham in the same building by
the Golden Belt Bag Manufacturing
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1896-04-05
THE FAMOUS AND VALUABLE DURHAM BULL.
GENERAL FEATURES.

quickly reduces it's surface to the re-
quisite smoothness.
The Arizona sentinel., 1896-04-04
EE.Essa's Climate.

Weather Obsr! Yer d. Ashenberger 'rnishea us with ihs following i'm 'rtant facts relative to the climate, ';ntaii and weatl.er at Yama.
 The following da'a from the records ''he U. $. weather Bureau are fre,a ''S"rv"tions taken tor periods rang. 7 tr'Hl i've 70 t~enty years and are uhIisl"d Ky request of tue lion :,yor"f Yuma:
 Mean actual barometer.-Yu Yuma, 29.7e .ches; Denver, Col, 24.73 inches.
 MeaA a.-2Gal t2inperatrre.-l una. 73e. ter, Fla, 7SS'. Mean lfa>in,nm temperature duripo | t, .5a 5s of JGiy.-l una, l06.6'; Phoenix, Mean miniDGm temperature durisg 'o-th of JNly.-Yuauz, 77'; Galveston ex., 70'. ''Oi' a'yna minimum tsmperatnrq d,,ring 10th ot 1aHn2ry.--A una, 42o: Tucson .j rhoealx, 52'. Highest temperature orIed.-Yuma. ,S,; Phoenix, li9'; Tort Lapwai, Idaho' IIO
 Lowest temperature recorded.-Yrma : riverside, Cal tFolGl tary ol servers seoFd-l; E 2I0; Jacksonville, Tla., i59; Gak Aleaa reiaV.ve hun,idity.-Yuma. 444. aa D-ego, Cal, 75e; Chicago, IA; Ien- 2cola, Fla, 76G; Port Angeles, Wash, 555.
 Mean annual rainf2n-Yuma, 3 inches. ncson, l3 inches; Jacksonvins, Fla. 5 -ehes; New Orleans, La., 62 inches: Neah ay, Wash, lG2 inches.
 Average annual number of rainy days una, A.; Tucson 49; St. Louis. II5. aShinetoa, D. C., I26; New York. I26: at more, l33; Chicago, I36; Cincinnati Il; Atlanta, Ga, HI; Rochester, N. Y. 7l; Iatoosh Island, Wash, IS6.
 Average annual number of cloudy days una Y; Sacramento, Cal, A5; OsSeeo, Average annual number cf rartly cloudy tavs.-I una, 69- Sacramento, Cal. r6. Oswego, N. Y, I24.
 Averace annual number of clear days.- Yuma, 279; Portland, Ore, 92; Oswego, N. l., 6S.
 Average hourly wind velocity.-Yuma, 6 miles; Dodge City, Kan., l2 miles; San. dusky, O., l3 miles.
 Highest wind velocity recorded. )4 miles; San Francisco. Cal, SC miles,
The Arizona sentinel., 1896-04-04
Resources
 of Yuma County.
YUMA COUNTY.

A white man first set foot on what is now Yrnla County in I'll. It IS the southwest division of the Territory, and one of the four original counties of the Ter ritcry. Many great reclamation projects are however on foot, and in & few years ex- pect to see Yuma County rated as the richest in the Territory.
 The first glimpse the traveller from Cali fornia catches of Arizona is that of the Ft.cturesque town of Yuma, which is snugly , situated in the embrace of gentle rolling modern homes of our superior civilization are crowding the adobe dwellings into eternal oblivion. Yuma is the gateway to Arizona, the new empire of the West, upon whose unde~eloped riches the eyes of the c0Untry are at present turned, and as such, she is bound to grow and prosper with d rapidity that at present can hardly be re- alized. But coupled with her geographi- cal position we find that she is the center ofa country whose agricultural possibili- ties are practically unlimited, being snr- rounded by soil the fertility of N hich exceeds that of the delta of the Nile, and wanting olly water to become paradise oi bloom. Billions of gallons of that precious fluid have annually gone to waste at Yuma's very doors, but already reaction is taking place aad many enterprises are on foot 70 supply the life giving waters oi the yellow Colorado to the thirsty earth
The Arizona sentinel., 1896-04-04
COUNTY.
Because thorlipIate is perfect.


 Because thocliplate Is perfect.
 Becatise the soil is fertile and prolific.
 Because land $ abundant and cheap.
 Because a home can be made with little labor.
 Because so great 6 variety of products can be grown.
 Because the yield is large and the priced always remunerat;ve.
 Because life is luxury in land where the sun shines every day.
 Because there are chances for a poor man which he can never hope to find in older countries.
 Beoaase the country is advancing and property values are increasing.
 Because, unlike Southern California it does not require a small fortune to secure a piece of land.
 Because capital does not block all the av- enues to wealth, nor crowd the poor man to the wall
 Because Uncle Sam has yet many farms in Yuma county waiting for occupants. Pscause churches, schools, newspapers and railroads are fast developing the mora and material clements of the Territory.
 Because good land is becoming scarce, ant if you don't catch on now, your last chanc. will soon Dc gone. Because the country is orc of the fov regions of the Uuitel States that yields tl, products of the temperate and se.ni-trop:, zones.
 Because the worker receives @ fair com pensation for his labor, and the hustler ha field for the display of his energy and en terpr;se.
 Because there are neither blizzards or tornadoes, earthquakes nor inundations snow-storms nor cyclones. Because the vast and varied resources O. the country are yet to be developed.
 Because the wealth of it's mines, it's farm ing valleys, and grazing lands, will yet build up great and prosperous county.
 Because a man caa make Q livelihood her. with less labor than in any other part of the ! United States.
 feoaase there is health in every breeze and strength and vigor under it's cloudles. skies. tecause the settler need not spend 8 life. time in faiIing trees and grabbing cut stumUs.
 hecan7e vegetation $ so rapid that in twc i years tine home is sarroaadel by Q growtl of trees and shrabs which would require l five years to develop in colder cline.
 Because fortunes here await the venture. some, and health weic ymes the afflicted. Recause the country has brilliant future and you want to be in the "swiGn.'
 hecause in its pure, dry iEvigorating air epidemic diseases cannot live or gecqniGate hecause its people are generous, liberal hospitable and progressive.
The Arizona sentinel., 1896-04-04
THE CHRONICLE ranks with the sreatcs

THE CHRONICLE ranks with the ereates Newspapers in the United States
 THE CHRONICLE has no equal on the Pacific coast It lea ls a;! in ability enterprise an1 THE GIRO NICLL'S Tel aSrap tic Reports are the latest and most reliable. is Local News the flu lest ard spicest. anl it's Editorials from the ablest pens in the country.
 CHRONICLE has always been. and sIvraya will be- the friend and cham pion 0; the pno ,e as ag.unst combinations, cliqu $. corporations. ol Expressions of any kind. l. will be independens in everything neutral h nothing.
The Arizona sentinel., 1896-04-04
WIT CAPITAL SHOULD SEEK YUMA COUNTY

Tecause it's mines are the richest. Tecause its grazing lands are the best. FecauSe its farming lands are valuable and productive
 fccaRsc t gives assurance of the Iarrest returns on money invested
 FccaHsc it's grand resources are yet to be developed
 hecause it is a young, growing county with an assured future. Eecause the opportunities for engaging ir manufacturing enterprises arc better than n any other region of the West.
 Because good mining properties can be had at reasonable figures.
 Hecanse there is demand for addit;o7a, facilities for ore reduction.
 focauSe there are vasG stretches of ,.;cI, soil to 5e reclaimed by the construction o; lrrigating c2aais
 Because there are large tracts of class lands that c1n be utilized by the sinking ct artos!an wells.
 HecauSe there are many openings in a new country Which cannot exist in older con- munit.es.
 Because the opportunities for engaging in the successful cult vaton of sem;-tron,c e fruits are better th.n in any other rart of the United States.
 hecause property values are rapidly ad- vanciDg.
 hecanse Arizoaa's boom is yet to come.
 'ecause 1t is virgin iiaIl, ready fir the seed which will prodace a go,dea harvest.
 ARIZONA.