The herald., 1896-01-23

were based on the di vine right of kings and
wnlch were oirecteti to the overthrow of re.
Pupilcs wherever existing. The Monroe
doctrine was in rlowise intended as insist
ing on republica 4 forms of government in
THIS hemisphere ol' as committing this gov
ernment to ma 4lntain the doctrine outside
ltS own noroe -, or except as its own integ-
rity might % affected; that this country is
emparKing upon new and different policy
from the one laid down by our fathers,
and that from 1921 until now congress has
uniform Iiy declined to define the so-called
actio' 4.
here has been much tension for the
pa' 4 few weeks. The letter of the secre-
"a ~ of state to Mr.. Bayard was, from a
lpfomatic standpoint, almost incendiary.
Tne presidents message glowed with the
possibilities of war. Members of both
houses of congress. not to be outdone, fol-
lowed the presidents suggestion as to the
appointment of commission with feverish
haste. just what the commission is to do
or how II is to do it. nobody knows, but we
nave creal ed it and it stands, as yet more
menace than guarantee of peace.
1.-The efforts of the government to fire
the national heart have not been unavail-
ing, nor was the work difficult. There is
dlScontent, too, with existing conditions in
many sections of the country, and men
feel that any change, even war with for
worse and might bring improvement.
There are all over the west and south men
working on their farms and find the grain
they raise little more valuable for food than
as fuel. who know that the railroads which
charge them for the transportation of
their products are largely owned in
Great Britain. and either prosperous, or if
insolvent, are fostered and protected and
managed by the federal courts. They also
view with distrust the close financial rela-
tons existing between the bankers of the
east and those of London, and they would
welcome any event. even war, that would
result, as they believe war would, to de-
stroy these relations. and leave us to rely
upon our resources alone and embrace eco
nomic policies which would not be depend
ent on those of foreign countries.
"Ihoughtless and weak aid ignorant as
these views may be, the person who denies
their existence is not familiar with the con-
dltlons a'td opinions i'll many states of the
union. There has never been a doctrine
more misunderstood or misapplied than
the so-called Monroe doctrine. 1t is and
ever has been without recognition by other
co'1ntries. and has always been refused the
approval of congress.
mot only was tbs Monroe doctrine the
direct outcome of English suggestion, but
in all the wars for independence fought in
swamps and jungles and in the fever
infested districts of these provinces of
South America, and in the long struggle
Tor liberty which drenched the Spanish
colonies i'll America with the blood of pa
triots, British volunteers fought ever in the
front of battle. Without Great Britain
Venezuela might not be free.
''Presltent Monroe the senator contin-
ued, protested not against despotic gov
ernments, but against its forcible exten.
sion by the dreadful holy alliance in the
western world, of which he stood in we'll.
or faii
give the Monroe doctrine official sanction,
and when congressional resolution re.
spectng Panama was under discussion
congress expressly refused to commit
Itself TO the Monroe doctrine in any FORM"
In the course of further remarks, Sena-
tor Wolcott said in part: 1.-THE Monroe doe
trine was essentially doctrine of self-de-
Tense, promulgated for our own preservation
and Tor no other purpose. Our county in
1873 was sparsely settled and its boun-
daries but vaguely defined. Today our
boundaries are defined. our government
eternally planted on solid rock. No danger
threatens us from without. We are men.
aced by no foreign foe.
"lbe passage OF the resolutions reported
by the committee at this time can do no
good and perhaps little harm, but their iu-
production only adds another faggot to the
fire which ought not to be permitted to
burn. From the point of view which | am
presenting. the diplomatic correspondence
was, on our side. unnecessarily irritating.
The message of the presdene was Had
vised and the creation of a commission
with no facilities for investigation not
shared by us all and without invitation by
parties interested was hasty and prema-
ture.
''We have made Infinitely more difficult
for Great Britain to accept arbitration by
our demonstratived diplomacy and volunteer
commission. and we are drifting into a
position where Great Britain's refusal to
atbitrate, and she may lawfully refuse,
Will be considered not as demanding from
us dignited and earnest protest.
''In my opinion there will be no war. 1t
will be avoided, not because our position
toward Great Britain in her dispute with
Venezuela is tenable, for | think have
shown its unsoundness, and it has been
rejected by the press and public opinion of
every first-class power in the world, not
because of our moderation and wisdom to
avert the possibilities of war, but because
Great Britain will yield the whole contro-
versy rather than face the horrors of such
a war over such question.
''But whatever the cause of the uprising
or the merits of the dispute, my attention
at that Crisis was diverted to another chan
mel. France is sister republic, and al
though most of her colonies have fewer
rights than Cuba, she is yet entitled to our
consideration and sympathy because of
her form of government. Germany has
furnished us hundreds of thousands of
worthy citizens who are credit to the re.
public. Russia was our friendly ally in the
late war. And yet, Mr.. President, when
read that all these governments, France.
Germany and Russia, had allied them
selves together against Great Britain, and
that tho people of those little islands, COM
passed by the inviolate sea, in defense of
what they deemed their rights were mar
sIlaling their armies and assembling their
navies, ready, undaunted, to face the
world in arms, unyIelding and unaffected,
L thanked God l was of the race.
MR. President, we will protect our coun-
try and our country's interests with our
lives, but we wage no wars of conquest
This republic stands facing the dawn Sc
cure in its Liberties, conscious of its high
destiny. Wherever in all the world the
hand of the oppressed or the downtrodden
is reached out to us we meet it in friendly
grasp. Everywhere upon the earth it is our
mission TO ameliorate, to civilize, to Chris
tianiZe. to loosen the bonds of captivity
and point the souls of men to higher
heights.
'Whatever of advancement and of pro-
gress for the human race the centuries
shall bring us must largely come, in my
opinion. through the spread of the religion
iish-speakng people, and wherever you
freedom exists and law is obeyed. Blood
is thicker than water and until some Just
quarrel divides us, which, Heaven forbid,
may these two great nations of the same
speech and lineage and traditions stand
as brothers. shouIdar tn sboutfler in III q