The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-09-09
Ruddinr Emit Trees.

Budding and grating are essentially the
same, in that the stock is changed ana
made to impart its sustenance to scion,
or bud, of some more desirable member
of the same family, says the Examiner
Grating, however. has to be done in
spring; budding, the latter part of sum-
mer. The two operations differ farther,
in that several inches length of the pre-
vious years wood is required to make
new tree by grating, while but sim
gle bud is necessary for budding.
But though different, the result is the
same. When successful the scion, or the
bud unfolds it's own leaves, and these
leaves in time make the wood and the
fruit buds, the blossoms and the fruit of
the identical variety buded or grated. All
that the stock does is to supply THE lie
giving sap" The scion overruleth the
stock quite as Bacon wrote 800 years
ago.
AS rule the operation is restricted to
varieties of the same species-apple oh
apple, pear on pear, peach on peach,
cherry on cherry, etc. But some of the
pears-HoWell, Louise, Duchess and
few others succeed budded on the
ounce, making trees Of rather small
size, but great NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. pear
trees, as they are called. And many of the
plums, including the promising new va
rieties recently brought from Japan, do
well on the peach. But generally there
must be close affinity between stock ana
scion.
Budding is the "inoculation" of the old
horticulturists. 1t is not difficult when
once understood. The proper time for the
work is when the stock (as the young
tree that receives the bud Is called is fin
ishing its growth for the season, and
while the bark still separates freely from
the wood. If the bark adheres even a lit
tie, it will be lost labor to proceed fur
Their. The work can usually be carried
on all through the month of August Some
trees. however, complete their growth ear
ly and require to be budded in July, as
is frequently the case with peach trees
over one year old. Others, including the
ounce when young and the peach in its
first seasons growth from the seed, grow
late and are best budded in September.
The season modiies this somewhat. If
dry, growth ceases early and budding must
he done early; if wet, the grow
ing season is extended, and the budding
must be late The stock will indicate
the right time by the shoots forming their
terminal buds.
The most convenient size of the stock
is half an inch in diameter, but with
care a smaller size can be budded, and
larger one up to an inch and over.
The scions of whatever kind it is de-
sired to bud should be of this seasons
the tree, in full sunshine. are best. The
buds at the base of the scion are usually
not well developed and those toward the
point too soft and immature, so that an
inch or two of the lower end and two or
three inches of the point should be re-
jected.
AS soon as the scion is cut the leaves
should be removed, as they carry off mois
ture rapidly, spelling the buds. In cut
ting off the leaves half an inch or so of the
foot-staIk petiole is to be left, TO hold the
bud by when putting it in place. These
prepared sci6ns should be kept wrapped
in damp cloth until used.
1t is better to have the regular budding
knife which costs from so cents to
dollar This has the point of the blade
rounded to nearly the point of a circle,
and there is usually a thin piece of bone
or ivory on the end of the handle for
raising the bark The expert builder rare
ly uses this piece of ivory, but raises the
bark with the rounded point of the knife.
A good pocket knife may be used instead
of the budding knife. but it must have
thin blade and a keen edge. The fine edge
is so imperative that the budding blade
should be used for no other purpose what
ever.
For tying material prepared linden bark
is most commonly used. 1t separates into
thin, ribbon-like layers after being steep
ed in water about three weeks. 1t is best
prepared in early summer. The place of
the prepared bark can be supplied by
wooden yarn, or by strips of half-worn
muslin half an inch in width.