The representative., 1895-10-09
TREES AND LUMBER.

TREES AND LUMBER.
Compiled for the Globe Democrat
The strength of wood increases with
it's density.
A cubic foot of logwood weighs 57.07
pounds.
White poplar weighs 33.06 pounds to
the cubic foot.
Satinwood weighs 55.31 pounds to the
cubic foot.
Well dried locust weighs 45.5 pounds
to the cubic foot.
Spanish mahogany weighs 1925 pound
to the cubic foot.
Seasoned dogwood weighs 47.25 pounds
to the cubic foot.
The best lumber in tree is said to be
that nearest the ground.
The tensile strength per square inch
of locust is 2O,5OO pounds.
1t is said that timber can not be prop
erly seasoned by smoking.
The cells of woody fibre are only
thousandth of an inch long.
Some kinds Of wood require eight
years for effective seasoning.
Well-seasoned red hickory weighs 5237
pounds to the cubic foot.
Well-seasoned Spanish cypress weighs
2756 pounds per cubic foot.
The Norway spruce, we'll dry, weighs
80 pounds to the cubic foot
The Spanish yew is heavy wood,
cubic foot weighing 50.43 pounds.
"Doatiness" is speckled stain appear
ing on the bark or wood of tree.
Immersion in salt water is said to
make wood harder and more durable.
A cubic foot of the best cedar weighs
80 pounds green and % pounds dry.
The woods "foxiness' is a yellow or
red tinge in the tree indicating decay
LanceWOOd without knots and we'll
dried, weighs As pounds to the cubic
foot.
Black walnut is less than half the
weight of a corresponding quantity of
ebony.
cubic foot of beech weighs 60 pounds
green and So pounds when seasoned
Blue gum is very heavy wood, a Gu
bic foot weighing 52.6S pounds to the Gu
bic foot
Yellow pine, when green, weighs 1881
pounds to the cubic foot; and when dry,
1881
The largest trees on the American
continent are the well-known red woods
| of California
wind gals are lumpy swellings over
| moved.
The bows of the North American In
| dians were usually made from a species
of Usage orange.
All split and cracks from whatever
cause, necessarily impair the value of a
tree for lumber.
FOresterS tell us that the best timber
| is that which grows from dark soil inter-
mixed with gravel
Lumbermen say that the best times of
the year for telling timber are midwin-
ter and midsummer.
In tensile strength mahogany is next
to lansewood, sustaining 21,OOO pounds
per square inch.
''Brash" wood is porous, of a reddish
color, very friable and regarded as a sign
of age and decay
Pitch pine, on account of the character
of its sap. requires an apparently abnor-
NAL time for seasoning.
Live oak, when green, weighs 78. rs
pounds to the cubic foot; when we'll sea-
soned, 66. Is pounds to the cubic foot
Trees, the bark of which has been re-
moved in the spring, should never be fell
ed until the foliage dies in the fall,
Well dried lignum-vitae is said to be
among the heaviest of woods, weighing
SO 81 pound to the cubic foot.
Oak lumber loses 20 per cent of it's
weight in process of seasoning and over
80 per cent when perfectly dry.
A cubic foot of green live oak weighs
1915 pounds; after two years drying it's
weight is reduced to 66.75.
"Belting" tree-that is, killing it by
destroying the bark in a circle around the
trunk-injures it for lumber.
1t is possible in some cases to assist the
| of vi bo
sap of wood by immersion in water.
The beauty of the birds eye maple
arises from the contortions of it's fibers
The cause of this peculiarity is unknown.
The weight of a cubic foot of cork is
Is pounds. Cork is the bark Of a species
of Spanish oak, and not properly wood.
Yellow stains in either timber or lum-
Der are an indication of dry rot, and are
regarded as an injury to the tree or
wood.
Maple is not so light as is generally sup
posed, weighing 46 81 pounds to the cubic
foot, little more than locust or hickory.
Virginia white oak green weighs 67 7
pounds to the cubic foot; in two years
time it's weight will be reduced to 46. 8
pounds
Several artificial processes have been
resorted to in order to hasten the sea-
be perfectly uccessful.
The heart wood of tree has ceased
to take any part in the vegetative econo-
my of the tree. It's only use is to
strengthen the trunk
Timber is seasoned by the evaporation
Of the water the extraction OF the veg
etable juices and the solidifcation Of the
doowy tissues.
Virginia yellow pine when freshly cut
weighs AIS pounds per cubic foot; after
two years drying this weight is reduced
to 34.3 pounds.
Immature wood, that is the wood of a
tree which has not attained its full
growth, is said not to be SO durable as the
wood of fully grown tree.
The highest trees in the world belong
to species Of eucalypti found in Austria
liza. Single specimens have grown to a
height exceeding 400 feet.
Only seasoned wood should be charred
painted or oiled. Any process which
serves to retain the sap is destructive to
the durability of the wood.
The rings in a cross esction of tree
are opposed to indicate the age and rate
of growth of the tree, but this indication
is by no means infallible, for in some
years two rings are formed.
1t is said that posts planted in the
earth upper end down will last longer
than those which are set in the natural
position in which they grew.
Steaming, saturating with corrosive
sublimate or with antiseptic solutions of
various kinds, have all been practiced