davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

The lOUth anniversary Of the moor
poration Of the first insurance COM
pany chartered in this state has Just
been passed 1t was called the Mas
sachusetts Fire Insurance Company,
aud as it would be natural to suppose,
had its origin and domicile in Boston.
But let it not be inferred that there
were no opportunities for securing in-
surance in this state prior to the in
corporation OF this company. Several
British companies had representatives
here, and certain individuals did an
insurance business on their own capt.
tai, on a plan similar to what is now
known as Lloyds, though probably
this was not done to any great extent.
Orr fathers doubtless early saw the
possibilities of the field, as they felt
the need of better facilities for OBJ
tanning indemnity in case of fire,
through the operation of some strong
corporation, well managed, and hav-
ing the confidence of the public.
They therefore applied to the General
Court of 1895, and on June 25 the
act of incorporation was passed. The
incorporators were John Andrews,
John Winthrop, William Wetmore,
Jesse Putnam, William Shattuck, Will
liam Brown, John Harris, Samuel SAILS
bury and, in the language of the act,
'such others as may become proprie-
tors in said company" The capital
stock was fixed at $500, 900, a large
sum for 100 years ago. The number
of shares was 5000, with par value of
500 each. Permission was granted
to increase the amount of capital to a
maximum limit of half million
dollars. Thus began the career
of the first insurance company
chartered by Massachusetts. Though
1t may seem at first thought
to have died prematurely, such
was not the case. In fact,
53 years is a rather venerable age for a
Massachusetts insurance company, The
average life of the first 30 companies
that succumbed in this state was 81
years, but there was later period, be-
ginning about 1860, when the average
life of 80 companies which failed sue
cessively was but 7 years; showing
conclusively that the earlier companies
in the insurance field had stronger ele-
ments of stability than those which oc-
cupied it later. Thus far 1872 Massachu-
setts insurance companies, including
fire and marine, stock and mutual. have
given up the battle. Their average age
when they ceased to do business was
17.3 years. Fortunately, the insur-
ance department of Massachusetts
realizes the Importance of having an
accurate record of the insurance com
panies that have done business here.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05
Wilson'S Good Record.

Chief Constructor L. d. Wilson of
the navy, who has been ordered to duty
at the Charlestown, Mass, navy yard,
will proceed to his new post at once.
Mr.. Wilson is now in his 55th year,
and few men have had more expert
ence in shipbuilding or have earned
more honors by their personal abili-
tiles than he. He served through the
war, and was entrusted with the
building and Preparing of scores
of vessels, Involving the exer-
else of great. skill and judgment.
He was then placed in charge of the
construction work at the Pensacola
yard. In 1869 he was appointed in
structor in shipbuilding and naval
architecture at the naval academy at
Annapolis, where he remained four
years. After tour of special duty
in England and France, he was, in
1874, ordered as naval constructor at
the Portsmouth, N. H., navy yard.
Mr.. Wilson has been threetimes nom-
mated and confirmed as chief con-
bIl uCtOl VI bhC hu'l oh hSASA SSANOh'
falling to, the lot of any officer.
The calculations and plans of the first
steel shipjof the new navy, the Chica'
go, were prepared under his supervi-
sion, as were those of MOST of the other
vessels comprising our modern fleet.
At he'time OF his first appointment al
chief constructor, in 1882 none of the
navy yards Of the country were in con
dition for building steel ships, and al
the progress that has been made in thu
equipment of, the several yards since
that time has been through his effort
and under his direction. One of tn
greatest honprs that could be con
ferred upon any man. IN profession
al way, was conferred by the Institu
ton of Navnl Architects of Englan'
on Jan, ii, 1898, when Chief Con
structor W tlson Was elected an honor
ary member,h BEN NARoATo.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

The principal part of the cut of
spruce on the Androscoggin River in
Maine Is now consumed by the pulp
mills. Bangor lumberman say the pulp
mills of the Pennobscot deyour the
equivalent OF $4,000, 900 feet spruce
logs each year, with also new pulp
mills in process of construction. Hon.
Charles A. Milliken, Mayor of Augusta.
says the mills are using fifty millions
of spruce each year on the Kennebec
for pulp. About 25,0O0,O0 feet
spruce logs are converted into pulp on
the Merrimack River in New Hsmp-
shire, while more than twice that
amount is annually needed to supply
the PULP and paper mills on the Con
necticut River. Great is wood pulp.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05
BOSTON LETTER.
SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE.
Hi. There, Cabby.

Hi, There, taDby'
The cabmen OF the city are IN a very
troubled state of mind just now owing
to the changes which are about to he
enforced by the police commissioners.
These changes went into effect on
July |. In the first place Il system
of public stands will be established
not unlike that which is in operation
in the city of London. This system
will include the section of the city
from the Union station aud Causeway
street and Atlantic avenue on the north,
to Dover street on the south, although
the section of Washington street
between Broadway extension md
Dover street will probably be without
public stand. The total number of
cabs that will be permitted to occupy
these public stands during the day
time is l52, aud during the night the
number will be increased to 2l4
There is a double object in this, the
first being to free the streets in the
coDgested districts during the daytime
of any unnecessary vehicles, and it is
thought that 1872 will meet the de-
mands of the public during these
hours. The increased number of
cabs during the evening hours are
deemed necessary owing to the de.
creased car accommodation during
these hours and owing to the char
acter OF the traiiic, more people re-
ha ..F ,..h haa.,ran Sf
theaters, parties, etc, than during the
day. The street to be most favored with
cabs will be Atlantic Av., owing largely
to the steamboat traffic. and the diff
fercnt railroad stations will be next
in point OF number, although the
streets leading off Washington street
between kneelaud aud ScOliay square
will have goodly number. The idea
in these stands will be to have what
will be known as regular stand which
will accommodate two OF more cabs,
and waiting stand which will accom-
modate the same number. The regu-
lar stand will b. nearest the point OF
vantage, and the waiting stand far
thcst away, aud when one of the cabs
at the regular stand leaves, the near
est cab on the waiting stand is entitled
to take the place vacated on the regu-
lar stand. One other matter relating
to cabs will very likely be consid-
cred i'll tn near future, and that
is the number of hours per day
that "A horse shall be worked.
Many complaints have come from the
society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals of owners who have worked
their horses unnecessarily hard. Some
have been known to work their horses
from near daylight to way into the
night, and the above society has come
down pretty hard on these men when
the facts We're positively known. 1t is
not improbable that a certain number
of hours will be determined on as
days work for horse, and this will
be decided in some way by the society
for the Prevention of Cruelty to An
imaIs after hearing with the police
board. The rule followed by one
firm at present may be adopted, which
is two horses in ten hours, as in all
probability ten hours viii be the
length of time during which the day
cabs will be allowed on the streets,
and the same number of hours for the
nipht saual
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05
NO. A..
Flowers For The Poor.

The Mutual Helpers flower work
has begun. Flowers will be distrib-
uted by little companies of boys and
girls organized from the public schools
for that purpose. Irving c. Tomlin-
sou of the Everyday church is gem
eral supervisor of this little associa-
ton, and is very anxious to extend the
work this summer, but to accom-
plish this purpose funds are needed.
The Mutual Helpers flower work is
unsectarian and inter-denominational
1t is "A work on the part of those that
have for those who have not. II has
proved great blessing to the sick and
shut-in among the crowded tenements;
perhaps a greater blessing to the city
boys and girls who gladly act as dis
tnbutors, and without question the
greatest blessing to the country
friends who give their flowers and
themselves to the service of others. In
passing through the North end one day
Mr.. Tomliuson discovered n troop of
happy children gathering nOsegays of
the bright yellow dandelions which
were scattered over the grassy sward
in the Corps hill burial ground. Out
side of this old cemetery one could
not find n plot of grass or bed of
flowers in the entire district Large
receptacles had been made and placed
III each Of the railroad stations for
receiving newspapers, which are dis
tributed III hospitals and Mr.. Tom
hnson conceived the idea of
gathering flowers in this way.
introducing large receiving pans into
all the depots where people SO
kindly disposed might send or leave
flowers on week days before 10 IN to
be distributed in places where they
were sure to be thankfully received.
That was in the summer OF 1890, and
with one headquarters In the North
end and flowers from five towns 5000
bouquets were distributed. Last year
the work had So grown that there
were eight headquarters in various
parts of the c!ty. Seventy-tve towns
were Interested and 30, 090 bouquets
were distributed. In its four
years OF history there have been
given to those who would other
wise have been without a blossom
more than 100000 bouquets. The
plan embraces bands of boys
and girls, organized from the public
schools, cooperating with country
friends, organized from the public
schools AS branch societies, that regu-
larly send flowers to the children to he
distributed among the sick and aged
IN the tenement house districts IN
July and August.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

The wedding of the waters of the
Hudson and Long Island Sound,
which took place recently, is another
step in the march of our metropolitan
progress. 1t means peace and the
victories of peace-enlarged intercom-
munication in the interest of COM
merce and trade between the great
West seeking its outlet to the ocean
through the Erie artery and New
York the welding of new link in
the chain that binds it to its New
England sister states and to nearly
all the interior States of the Republic.
The Harlem Ship Canal transcends
mere local bounds 1t is a part of a
great system of intercommunication,
not alone between States, but between
our system of States and Europe. The
effect of it will be to decrease the cost
of transportation on every bushel of
wheat that leaves our shores, and in
the enlarged facilities it provides to
reduce the cost of the transportation
of imported goods to the heart of the
continent. Germany opened the
great Kiel canal. Behind it there is
the idea, first, of war; second, of com
merce. With lis, in the work we have
Just perfected, it is commere first and
war second. Our ways are ways of
peacel
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05
NEWS CONDENSED.
Terse Dispatches From All Over the
Country.

~
Whiskey drinking is said to be on the in
crease, but before July 10 all the distilleries
in the Pittsburg. Pa, district will be closed
Tor periods of from two to six months.
A message was received at the Washing
ton police headquarters that James News
oom, q doorkeeper at the capitol, has been
shot and killed at Carlin Springs, Va, by
man named Barry.
The Tennessee coal, iron and railroad COM
pany made a fiat advance of 81 per ton on
all grades of iron on shipments restricted to
:hree months. About $500 men in the en-
ploy of the Tennessee company and 5000
others in the district are benefited by the ad-
vance.
small fishing schooner foundered
off TAGS beach, near Placentia, New
toundland. few days ago, and all on
board persisted. They were william Bolt,
aged GO, captain; William Bot, Jr., his
son, aged 80 William Bolt, aged 25,a nephew;
| and Henry Kirby, aged l6.
The treasury department at Washington, d.
| c., has rejected all the bids for the erection
| Of the New London, Ct. public building.
There were seven bids, the W. c. Green
company of Chicago being the lowest bidder,
at $50, ,486. The lowest bidder declined to
execute the contract and the others were too
' aigh,
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

The proverbial needle in haystack
was found by COW in Watertown, s.
D., week or two ago. The clever
ness of the animals performance of
the hitherto thought impossible feat
is perhaps marred because of the fact
that she was not hunting for it. The
unfortunate animal found the needle
with her tongue while munching feed,
but a veterinary surgeon removed it
without serious injury to her.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

According to the latest English
census there are 100000 persons in
Great Britain receiving incomes of
$1,000 each, and 2,000,000 persons
incomes of $500 year. There are
1913, 600 families in the United King
dom having incomes of more than
S25, 900. In the United States there
are some 100000 families or about
1000, 900 persons, whose income are
at least $4,000 year and more than
10, families with incomes of over
$25, 900. Considering the difference
in population between the two
countries, it is clear, to the Atlanta
Constitution, that the United States
contains the greater number of rich
people and a more nearly equal dlstrl-
button OF wealth.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

The project of great botanical
garden in Bronx Park is now an as
sured success. The public spirited
gentlemen who have the matter in
charge have secured by private sub
scription the $3.50, 600 required by
the act of Incorporation. The city is
now required by law to set aside $50
garden and to contribute $500, 900 in
money for the construction of build
ings, etc. The enterprise will start
therefore with $4,000 in cash and
$50 acres of peculiarly we'll located
land. 1t is intended to swell the
money capital to II million in the near
future.
The project is one in the interest
of the city and civilization. In every
European capital there is n noble bo-
tanic garden, while in France and
Germany there is one in nearly every
important city. But in this country, ac-
cording to ex.Judge DAILY, there is
but one that is worthy of the name,
and that is not i'll New York but in
st. Louis, and is not public enter
prise but the gift of a single citizen.
The establishment of a great garden
here, which is now assured, is another
and an important movement towards
the glory of that Greater New York
which is presently to be the pride as
we'll as the commercial capital of the
continent.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05
An Ineffective Law.

There are many dead laws on the
statute books of Massachusetts,, but
the most remote of the blue laws of
colonial days are not more ineffective
than the more civilized and recent
one against carrying concealed weap-
ous. Whenever a fatal rev occurs
the knife or revolver generally winds
up the fracas, aud in nearly every
such case in Boston recently death
has been the result. Hardly a week
passes in this city without Il murder,
and for the past few weeks such
crimes have been of almost daily
occurrence. In each case the mur"
derer was an Italian, and always
his victim was, fortunately, of the
same nationality and as this highest
of crimes has now become OF such
frequent occurrence, it seems
that something should be done to en-.
force the law agaist carrying danger
ous weapons. 1t is we'll known to
the police and to everyone else, that
there is scarcely an Italian resident of
the North End who is not walking
arsenal, and that on the slightest
provocation, and often without any
provocation whichever, the murderous
stiIetto is plunged into some victim $
heart in that section of the city.
do not know the exact provisions
of the law against carrying concealed
weapons, but the fact so we'll known
and SO often fatally demonstrated in
the Italian quarter that the residents
are always armed, it would seem to
make it encumbent on the police au-
thorltes to devise some means for dis
arming the murderous set.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

In a remarkable sermon recently
the noted preacher, Rev. Thomas
Dixon, de Jared: Ninety per cent of
the population of New York are ten
ants, the remainder landlords. The
churches of today are trying to
catch the 10 per cent and let the 80
per cent go by the board. Making
all due allowance for any extravaganza
on the part of this preacher, his dec
laration deserves looking at seriously.
The steady drift of the Protestant
churches toward the wealthy Gland
lord quarter" in the metropolis, as in
other great cities, is fact not to be
denied. 1t is certainly we'll worth
the while of the leaders in the various
denominations to which Mr.. Dixon so
pointedly refers to consider the i'm
portant question: "Can our churches
afford to desert the great and growing
tenant class in our large cities?"
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

First Lieutenant-"By Jove. rs we
were going over the river on the plank
bridge it gave way and the men fell in "
Second lieutenant-"What did you do?"
First lieutenant-"I ordered them to
fail out. of urse."-Pearson' Weekly.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

The present Lords of the Admiralty
in England are giving the new pro-
tected cruisers very effective names.
Three are to be called the Arrogant,
the Furious and Vindictive.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

The Massachusetts Supreme Court
has decided unconstitutional law
compelling the railroads to sell at rul.
ing rates mileage tickets good on any
railroad. Michigan has, however, re-
Gently passed similar law.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

Says the Philadelphia Press: The
gift of $780, 900 to the University of
Pennsylvania by Provost Charles q.
Harrison is one more evidence of the
great liberality that has so far marked
the last decade of the nineteenth CEN
tury. At no time in the history of
mankind have such large sums of
money been given to further educa-
tion, art and philanthropy. 1t has
been period of vast enterprises and
of marvellous money making. The
Chicago Tribune prints table of the
gifts made since January l, including
individual sums exceeding $1,000. 1t
did not include Provost Harrison's
gift, as it had not then been an
nounced Adding that, the table will
stand as follows:
January. ~ ,69s, 800 May s., ,239, 800
February. 1873, 300 June to date 075, 900
March. i36, 30O - --,---
April. .... 1871 100 Total. $40, ,964, $50
Here is magnificent total of nearly
81, 100000 given away in little
over five months, of which $4,575, 900
has gone to colleges and universities,
1888, 900 to hospitals, $4,000 to
churches and S2O8,000 to libraries,
while the remaining So, 1853, 400 has
been distributed among museums, art
galleries and charities. 1t is total
which has probably never been sur
passed, and which will make the first
half of 1895 red-letter period in
generous giving.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

1t has been left to these days of
many men and many minds TO evolve
a manual for the guide of bosses. We
are quite familiar with manuals on al
most every other subject, covering,
indeed, the wide range from the pro-
prieties to the higher branches of art
and science. A manual on proper be-
havior can be found on the dressing
table of nearly every bud of the sea-
son, aud few young men dare venture
To pass the portals of society without
such a volume rs II passport. Do you
wish to know how to draw, to paint,
to model; would you understand the
intucacies of chemistry; would you
explore the mysteries of astronomy;
would You become proficient in He
brew or Sanscrit, you will find the
path 10 such accom-. lishments made
easy by innumerable manuals. And
now, thanks to Mr. Henry Champer-
nowne, If you aspire TO become the
boss of great municipality, you can
readily obtain the necessary informl-
tion to equip you for the accomplish
ment of your heroic undertaking.
The bossing of a metropolis may
still be only an empirical science in
Boston, but in New York it is much
more than that, it is a most SIX illfully
developed art, and no graduate of '95
more deserves the degree of A. VI.
than does Mr. Richard Crocker, Past
Grand Master of the Art of Bossing.
This Is not an easy art, however. If
it were, no manuel would be needed,
and If it We're supposed to be, peru
sal of Mr.. Champernowne's essay on
the art of governing American cities
would soon dissipate the thought.
The would-be boss must have pictur-
esque record, one that will appeal to
"the boys" he must have unhinching
courage what "the boys cali l"san -
he must have head for organizing,
hand for controlling, and heart for
rewarding, and most surprising of all,
he must have a religion, and it must
be a religion popular with the masses,
a religion in no way offensive to ode
gang. Such are few of the accom-
plishments necessary for municipal
boss, but if there is anyone ambitious
to emulate the example of Tweed, or
Croker or Platt, lie would do we'll to
investigate the subject more thor.
oughly, and there is no better way of
doing this than by careful study of
the authentic manual for bosses.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05
VOL. MIL.
Essex County Herald.

The bicycle, IL is said, has very Sc.
riously injured the business of Denver
Col street cars.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

Bachelor girl sounds better than old
maid, but it means the absence OF a
man just the same
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

In the celebrated divorce case at
Long Island City, man who is over
sixty, bald and fat, calls woman
whose age makes no difference here
his lamb and his love in the same let
ter in which he tells her of his work
as religious lecturer to the young.
The object of his work as a lecturer,
was to show young people how not to
make fools of themselves Evidently
he had not learned that the whole art
and mystery of it lies in ntrying to keep
ready to be turned wrong side out, as
he is being now. According to Mrs.
Gummidge we are all weak creeturs,
but when man is bald, fat and over
sixty, he has had ample opportunity
to learn that the time comes for every
man when either the Jekyll or the
Hyde in him must take the upper
hand and go on permanent exhibition.
Perhaps that is a sermon. 1t is fact
at any rate, as they will tell you around
the divorce and criminal courts if you
ask them.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1895-07-05

"Bluecoat shoots crook. FIX
change.
Two policemen were sent out in
plain clothes to look for an alleged
thief. They sighted the man, who ran
away. One of the policemen in plain
clothes called out "Stop, or I'll
shoot" The thief did not stop and
the policemen in plain clothes shot
him. Obviously, then bluecoat did
not shoot crook. 1t was plain
coat, and so far as the crook or any
other running is concerned, coat
without visible authority to shout or
to shoot. This means very little pos
sibly in this peculiar time, but it is an
incident full of suggestion. Police
men in plain clothes ought not to ex-
pect general or special recognition of
their authority. Recall the case of
exCommissioner Beattie. Put your
self in the place of this or any other
man. KNIcKERBocKER.