The morning call., 1895-01-20

PITCAIRN IsLAND-G. BID, City. Pitcairn
is an island IN the South Pacific Ocean in
latitude % deg. min. south, longitude $50
deg. min. west. Historians disagree as to
the discoverer of the island. One says it was
discovered by Carteret in the latter part of
the last century (1767) and was named for
Midshipman Pitcairn, who sighted it from
the masthead; another says it was discoV-
cred by mutineers from the British ship
Bounty in 1870. The island is under the
supervision of New South Wales, and its
area is three square miles. 1t is 1000 miles
from San Francisco in an air line and 500
miles south of the Hawaiian Islands. In
December, 1887, Lieutenant William Bligh
of the British navy, who had made voy-
age around the world under Captain Cook,
was placed in command of the Bounty to
proceed to Tahiti, there to collect bread
fruit tree plants and thence sail with them
to the West India colonies, where it was
desired to introduce them. The vessel
reached her destination without nishap
and remained there for a considerable
length of time. BY their long stay on the
charming island the members of the crew
had become dissatisfied with life on board
tyrannical treatment on the vessel. They
however, set sail for Jamaica and when
twenty-four days out there was mutlny.
The commander and eighteen of the crew
were forced into an open launch and cast
adrift. Those who remained on the vessel
set sail in the direction of Tahiti. They
touched at Toobouai and then sailed for
Tahiti, where they remained for some time.
Fletcher Christian, the leader of the
mutineers, however, fearing pursuit, urged
the men to leave. Some preferred to re-
main, so Christian with eight other British
sailors, six men and twelve women, natives
of Tahiti, went on board the Bounty, sailed
eastward, reached Pitcairn Island, took
possession and burned their vessel. This
colony did not prove happy one, and in
the course of ten years all the Tahitian
men, several of the women and all the
sailors except Alexander Smith, otherwise
Jack Adams, died by violence or from dis
ease. Nothing more was heard of the
mutineers until 1908 when they were dis
covered by Captain Mayhem Folger of the
American ship Topaz, who reported what
he had seen to the British Government In
the meantime Lieutenant Bligh with his
companions, after sailing without SeXtant
or compass a distance of over 5000 miles,
reached land in safety. In 1914 a British
vessel, the Britain, stopped at the island
and found Adams still alive and the head
| original locators. He had changed and be-
come a teacher of those around him, i'm
proving their morals and giving them
religious instruction, his library consisting
! of Bible and a prayer-bOok of the Church
of England. In 1923 John Buffet of the
whaleship Cynes remained on the island
and assisted Adams. Since then the island
and one adjoining have been occupied by
a colony which now numbers about $50
| souls The men engage In fishing and
| herding cattle and the women attend to
| their families and the diaries. Ships oc-
| casionally stop at the islands and give the
| inhabitants news of the other part of the
world and deliver supplies that cannot be
raised on the islands. Missionaries have
! located on the islands and a little vessel
owned by them sometimes comes to San
| Francisco for provisions.
| To CoPYRIGHT BooK-W. M, City. I'm
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LINCOLN AND THE SLAvEs-A. J. w., Will
low Creek, Mont On the 9th of March
1862, President Lincoln sent a message tc
Congress in which he recommended a
gradual abolition of slavery and offering
pecuniary compensation to owners. Con.
gress, in conformity with this suggestion
passed an act, but the slave-owners did not
pay any attention to it. Subsequently
Congress passed an act freeing the negroes
in the District of Columbia with compen
sation to owners, bat in no case was the
compensation to exceed $500. This act
was approved by Lincoln. On the 18th O
July, 1862, Lincoln again urged, especially
upon the border slave States, his proposal
of gradual emancipation with compensa-
ton, saying: of the war continues long
as it must if the object be not sooner at
tanned, the institution in your States viii