The daily morning journal and courier., 1895-05-27

the processes which are making aibnor.
 maj men i'm society.
 LAST EVENINGS SESSION.
 The Conference of Charities and Cor.
 rections was continued last evening bs
 a meeting in United church, at whict
 the topic of discussion was "ChiGo
 Saving Work" Before the regular
 meeting began the audience was enteT-
 talned by the singing of a quartet o1
 students from Hampton On the plat-
 form were Rev. Dr. Smith of St. Paul
 Minn, who is president of the Pam American Congress of Philanthropy and Education; MT. Percy Alden ot 1 London, Eng, who is connected with the Mansfield University settlement in East London; Dr. Munger; Charles w. Birtwell, general secretary of the Bos-
 ton Childaen's Aid society; Professor Charles R, Richards, director of the ] department of science and technology, Pratt institute, N. T.: and Walter A. l Wheeler, superintendent of the State 1 Primary school i'm Monson, Mass. l Prayer was offered by Dr. Smith, and
 Professor Richards then read a paper on Trade Schools Their Place in Edu-
 cation, Industry and Philanthropy. ;
 MT. Richards said that it is no longer possible for boys to learn a trade un- der the old apprentice system, as the principle of the system is out of har- mony with the spirit of to-day. The caJtses are found to a great extent in the industrial and social changes in the last century. The youth was for merly bound to the master workman l for a certain number of years by an l indenture. The custom became preva- lent during the middle ages and the term of apprenticeship varied from two to seven years. The workshop was usually i'm the household and the owner was called the master craftsman and worked with the apprentices. The in- troduction of steam did away with all of this and the shop changed from the household to a separate site The employer no longer works among the men, but controls them from hls office. As a result of this the youths are first put on trivial work to work up as best they may, left by observation or from the good mature of their fellow worlm1eIn It is not the aim of trades schools to turn out finished men. Skill must come by practice The schools only teach the principles. The great problem in training schools is to teach the methods without talking the time when the boy must labor for money. Young men between the ages of severn teen and twenty five learn most rapidly. In most schools candidates for adfnis- sion are required to pass al rigid men, tai and physical examination. The
 
 ing building and machine work, with attention to the pupils lnclinationL The question of trades schools has been a familiar one in Europe for the past century. The schools are especially prosperous fin Germany, France, Aus tria and Belgium, where there are sep arate schools to teach work i'm each craft, and the course usually occupies seven years. Tn America the short practical method is used of getting men fitted for work as soon as possible. This is most economical for the pupil. Trades schools i'm some form have be- come an industrial necessity and will teach the American boy to become self-respecting workman.
 Mir. Wheeler spoke on the Problems of an Institution" He said that the superintendent of charitable institu- tions have three difficult problems con- fronting them The choice of officer, the monotony of school life and the personal relations of the superintend- ent and pupils, Boys and girls gener- ally come to the institutions without any training. Order, attention and ap- plication are the three chief princi- ples of this instruction of such chdl- dren. Care must be taken lest the system becomes the end and not a means to am end. If there is magic in a word for boys, it is in the word to- morrow. Deversify their work. Thle intimacy of boys and superintendent must depend upon circumstances Great possibilities of good are opened up in the work for a conscientious man.
 Mir Birtwel then spoke on ''The Flu ture of Preventive Work" and said the worker in this field must get the right attitude toward his work. He cannot put too much of himself into it. Let people learn to love truth In charity and know the little things which it is sometimes now thought best to keep quiet The Prince of Wales in a, speech on the subject some time ago said; ''If l 1t is preventable, why not prevent it?' and the hope is that future preventive 1 work will prevent. MT. Alden was then ! asked to say a few words of the work in | and told of the evils of child | insuralnce in Englanld. He says that in ] the squalid quarter of London known | as East London five children die to l one in West London and thought it | would be a good idea for employers of children to keep them registered and l see that they go to school in the even- ing Tn a strike of working girls in | London a short time ago it was learned | that only 20 per cent. of the striking l girls could read and write. MT. Alden | closed by wishing all success to those in chari table work in America. DOINGS AT SATURDAYS SESSIONS.
 The active work of the conference of Charities and Correction, twenty second session, began Saturday morn ing with the meeting held in Alumni hall. The president, Robert Treat Paine of Boston, presided. Prayer was offered by Rev. pr. Newman Smyth of this city after which reports from st q tpS Uarp made Prof MdCoOly of l