Omaha daily bee., 1895-10-27

They are his friends, and he knows Il. Cleve-
lands first election showed him that his
rights were as safe under a democratic as
under a republican administration. The re-
suit Is the negro vote Is divided between the
parties and he now votes as he p%leases."
THE soL1D SOUTH.
How about the solid south, Mr.. Secretary
Will Il always be solid? 10 1t always to be
an empire belonging to the democratic
porty?'
"An long as the differences between the
democratic and republican parties continue,
and these two parties remain the leading
ones of the United States, l do not see how
1t can be otherwise. The interests Of the
south are against the policy and principles
OF tho republican party. They lie in the d.
rec;ion of a low tariff. rs long as the repub-
lican party represents protection the south
will be solid"
Speaking again about the negro, Mr.. Sec
rotary, what is to be his social future?"
at will be along the lines Of his own race"
replied Mr.. Smith. Neither he nor the white
man wants to mix their blood. They do not
desire to come together on the lines OF social
equality. There is a large class OF negroes,
In fact, who want no social or marital ALI
ances with the whites. They pride them
selves upon their pure African blood and the
keeping It pure. They do not want the
whites In their churches, nor their schools,
anu GbilAb VI lhtll AhAA NAND wan NV "'AD'
white preachers in their pulpits. This Is the
case with the African Methodist church. AS
to white teachers in the negro schools, when
l was on the school board OF Atlanta | advo-
Gated that none but negro teachers be en-
ployed in negro schools. l did not think 1t
right that a bright white girl should COM
pete with the educated negro for such places.
| thought the chances were in favor of the
whites, and that II would be better for the
development of the negroes to have teachers
~ tInfrs nvas pCtnr Tha r.ut1t lie that Nro pptv
have none but negroes teaching in the negro
schools
A MAHOGANY RACE UNDESIRABLE.
but, Mr.. Secretary, can you keep the races
apart? AS the colored people grow in wealth
and education, will they not come together?
VIII there not be a union Of the races in the
future. a grand mahogany of the white and
the black?"
"a debased mahogany, I should say" re-
piled the secretary. mo, l do not think that
Will ever come to pass. The races will keep
apart. 1t is better for both that they should
do SO"
will there ever be a social equality?'
mo, ! think not. l don't think it best for
| either race"
You say they are now kept apart In the
churches and in the schools of the south ?"
Yes, 1t Is their desire, as well as ours"
How about the railroad cars?"
There are separate cars for the negroes on
some Of the southern railroads, but the
whites are not permitted to enter the negro
cars, and can be ordered out just as the
negroes can be ordered out Of the white
cars"
How about the manufactures Of the
south? Are they increasing?"
Yes, indeed" replied Secretary Smith.
The country is growing very rapidly in a
manufacturing way. Cotton factories arr
springing up everywhere, and l understand
that some of them are making as high as 20
per cent a year. There Is no reason why the
south should not manufacture all It's own
| cotton instead OF exporting 1t to New England
and Europe. There is a difference OF z per
cent on the value Of the cotton as baled and
sold in the Georgia markets and its value In
| Liverpool, and this 7 per cent alone would
make enough OF a margin to pay for its man
~ufacture in Georgia. The difference of a half
a cent a pound of profit in the value OF cot
ton would make 8 per cent, and in these days
when capital is going begging that is a fair
profit, to say nothing of the Is and 20 per
making"
THE SOUTH IS BRAINY.
"The south, Mr.. Secretary, seems to be
giving us a large amount Of our American
| literature today. Many Of the authors and
authoresses are from the south, and COM
pared with the north 1t furnishes a larger
number. Why is it"
II suppose 1t Is because the south has de-
voted itself more to educational and pro-
f~esslonal lines than to business ones. I don't
believe there is any difference in the intel
%leotual caliber Of the people. But the north
has thrown its force into business. 1t has
been dealing with material things, and the
south, not so thickly settled, and scattered
over plantations, has run more to literature.
A larger number Of our southern men go
into the professions than do the men Of the
north, and a great number are practicing
these professions in the northern cities.
Have you ever thought Of the number Of
southern physicians in New York City?
Their name is legion, and proportionately
they surpass the number from the north"
"How about the unemployed in the south,
Mr.. Secretary? Are there many men who
cannot get work? Is there much suffering
from poverty?"
"No, I think there is none such as you
have In the northern cities. There is no suf-
fering and no pauperism to speak Of. We all
have enough to eat and drink"
SILVER VS.. CONFEDERATE SCRIPT.
Chow about the silver question? You
have been making speeches throughout the
south upon It,"
Eyes, have made some" replied secre-
tary Smith. THE silver sentiment of the
south has been exaggerated. The better sen
timent of the people is in favor of sound
money. 1t 10 the easier for them to see
the dangers Of any inflated currency through
their experience with confederate money.
When the war began all of our notes were
good for face value, as we thought the con-
| Ltutldio sldAeS government WOulu Dt dDle 10
pay them in gold. But as the war went
on, and it became impossible for the treasury
to give something Of the actual value for
them, they deprecated and fell. At first
the reduction was small, but It stead
lily increased until men paid $500
for a saucer Of ice cream or for a
cigar. l had in my audiences men who
possessed large amounts Of this money. 1t
represented to many Of them actual losses.
1t is, of course, worth nothing now, and 1t
was not hard to draw the comparison be-
tween 1t and free silver. Another example
I used was that Of a German, who lived in
my state, and who coined on his own account
gold when this confederate worthless money
was circulating. showed them that his
stamp upon the gold gave it circulation be-
cause it was gold, and that though he is
dead his coins are still worth their face
value"
How about the Nicaragua canal? That
would be OF great value to the south, would
1t not?"
"Yes," replied the secretary. 'But I don't
think l ought to give any expression upon
it until we get the report Of the commission
| that was sent down there to investigate its
practicability. This is the only question.
II it is mechanically possible, without too
| great an expense, 1t should by all means be
built. 1t would be Of immense value, not
| only to the south, but to the whole country"