The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-01-20
THE USES OF PAPER.
The Various Ways in Which It is
Utilized.


From the Chicago Record.
When the man drew his knife blade
over the new pencil he noticed that the
chip chung to the steel The second cut
showed him that he was not whiting
wood and he turned to the clerk for
information.
That's paper lead pencil" answered
the clerk. They have been on the mar
ket but a short time. sharpens easily,
/ doesn't it,"
1t is only recently that papermakers have
been able to overcome one of the chief
difficulties in the Way.of the substitution
of paper pulp for wood in the making
of lead pencils. This difficulty was the
hardness and toughness of the paper COW
ering. II was comparatively easy to make
a solid paper stick with hole In il
for the lead, but the paper stick resisted
the knife-bade, and unless a pencil can
be pointed and repointed it is Of no use.
Now, however. the papermakers can
make a paper tube for lead pencils which
can be cut easily The paper is pressed
into tubes, and these tubes are placed
in a frame i'm the bottom of a hollow
cylinder, which is filed with plastic
graphite. When pressure Is put on the
graphite is forced into the paper tubes,
and fills them with lead. The paper
pencils are dried for several days, and
then put in a bath of melted paratiin,
which gives the paper the proper texture.
But pencils are but one Of the recent
| uses to which the accommodating paper
has been put. The scope of paper pulp,
wood pulp, straw board and paper-mache
seems to be limtlCss. Hollow telegraph
poles made of paper pulp are recent
invention, and paper is taking the place
of gutta percha in the insulation Of cleo
frfp CIGAR boxes made from
thin paper boards, and are then scented
with oil of CEDAR and colorcd and
grained to initiate Spanish cedar. Straws
for lemonade and other iced drinks are
made of paper, which is coated with par
ATTN to make the straWs Water-tight
Rims for bicycle wheels are made Of pa
per pulp which has been subjected to
tremendous hydraulic pressure The re
cent fad for wooden rims OF bicycle wheels
turned the attention of papermakers TO
this new use for their product, for It Is
the papermakers' boast that any thing
made of wood can be made of paper, and
better made, too. The prepared paper is
wrapped about mold several layers
thick, the paper being somewhat wider
than the wheel down the center Of the
outside sheets until the paper body is
built up to the required thickness. Next
the extra width Of the outside sheets is
turned in over the narrow strips, and the
and there kept until it is pressed into
a solid, rim-shaped piece. The ragged
edges are trimmed, and the rim is ready
to have the spoke holes bored in.
Not content with making bicycle rims,
the papermakers are after the rubber
men, for they are improving a process
for making paper tires for bicycles. An
elastic paper is something new, but this
is what the new tires are made Of The
chemical manipulation which results in
this novel material is kept profound Sc
cert, but mechanically the process is sim
pie. The paper is drawn into a tube Of
the proper size then one end is shaved
off on the outside Of the tube for q dis
lance of several inches and the other end
has the inside surface treated in the
same way. This gives a telescope joint,
which is made tight with strong adhe-
sive. Hair is packed inside the tube, and
the tube is kept rounded while the ends
are being Joined by compressed air.
The property men of the theater have
long used paper in making stage furni-
ture, armor, statues and other accesso-
ries to scenic productions There Is little
that is real on a stage, and the most solid
bronze" or marble" statue, "oak' ia
Bile, steel armor, engines, locomotives,
saw-mlls, bank safes and carved mantel-
pieces are but hollow papier-Tnache. The
school-boy who shoots a spitbal at his
teacher uses a papcirmache missile-for
papier-mache. the bulwark of the scenic
artist the hope Of the property man and
the wonder Of the dazzled spectators in
front Of the footlights, Is nothing but
"chewed paper" only the saliva is water
and the teeth are fingers.
In every theater is a workshop, In which
are wrought wonderful productions The
raw materials are modelling clay, manila
and red wrapping paper. -four paste. plas-
ter Of paris, paints and brains The model
Of Faf "a g- tod E~
modelling clay-a chair-back Of the time Of
Louis XIV, for instance. This model TO
the eye IS what the real thing would be IN
wood, with all its rich carvings faithfully