The San Francisco call., 1895-07-28

forge is a rectangular wooden tank with 9
float controlled by handle and rackwork
for raising or lowering the surface of the
liquid. The positive wire is attached to a
lead plate suspended from the edge of the
tank. The negative wire is connected
to three. work rests, two of which
are used for heating articles held
rivets, ETC., and the other for
heating particular points on long bar of
iron. The arrangement by which any
part of the bar of iron can be heated is in
genious. The bar is laid in a trough on
two pieces of movable friedrich, which can
be separated to any required distance. The
space between the two bricks determines
the length of the part of the rod that will
be heated and can be regulated SO accu-
rately as to heat space from quarter of
an inch in length to the full width of the
tank. When the piece of iron is in posi-
ton and the bricks are adjusted, the solu-
tion is brought into contact with the iron
by the depression of the float; electrolysis
takes place and the heat from the burning
hydrogen gas is impaired to the iron. The
time taken for the melting process varies ;
a piece of iron one-quarter of an inch square
will take about eight seconds, while piece
one inch square will take probably sixty.
The, cost of preparing horseshoe with a
coal forge with coal at S. per ton, is 5.58
cents; with the electric forge and current at
Is cents per 1000 watt hours, it is 2.32 cents.
The iron is said to be greatly improved by
the process. A 5s-inch iron rod, after being
subjected to electrical heating and cooled
in water, has been Immediately bent into a
circle of one-half inch radius, without ex-
hibiting flaw or crack.
THE TELEPHONE IN SwEDEN.-Sweden has
always been to the front in practical tele-
phone work. The Swedish state telephone
authorities are now about to combine the
telephone with the state telegraph system.
In Sweden, where service can be had for
Sc year, everybody is, of course, "on the
telephone" In future every subscriber
will be allowed to make use of his tele-
phone address as his telegraph address
In sending message the sender has only
to add the letters ''Rt." (Rikstelefon), for
which no charge is made, and the tele-
graph Office, on receiving the message, will
look up the address in the telephone regis
ter and send it on. Besides being able to
thus effect a saving of two or three words in
every telegram telephone subscribers will
be allowed to telephone on their messages
to the telegraph offices for transmission,
and they can, II they so desire, have their
reply kilograms telephoned on to their
house Immediately they arrive. The
Swedish lines of telephone management
certainly seem to have fallen on pleasant
places, for this admirable arrangement APP
pears likely to be as profitable as it is
agreeable to everybody concerned. The
subscriber is provided with system of
message transmission so ideal in its
promptness and convenience that the
thought of it fills the public of less favored
countries with envy, and the state looks to
save money by the increased accommoda-
ton, as the telegraph traffic will be aug
mented and the number of messengers will
be reduced.
Villain once meant the serf who belonged
to the farm and was bought, sold or ex-
changed with it.