davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09
THE STAMP MANIA.

A recent paper on the stamp collect
ing mania in this country and in Europe
contained some curious facts which will
be interesting to American boys who
make philately hobby.
The most valuable collection of stamps
in the world is here stated to be that of
Herr Won Ferrary. of Paris. which is
valued at half million of dollars. The
collection now in the British Museum,
which is worth, three hundred thousand
dollars. comes next. There are, it ap-
pears. dozen ugly little stamps which
If any boy could find on some old letters
would bring him ten thousand dollars in
the market. OF these, the one and two
pence stamps of Mauritious of the first
issue would be worth two thousand dol
lars each. AS there are supposed to be
only eight of each of these stamps in the
world no boy is likely to find them. An
American stamp, the ive-cent Brattle.
boro provisional issue, is worth twelve
hundred dollars; some OF the stamps of
the Confederate States sell for large
sums.
1t is said that stamp market is held
on certain morning of the week in the
Champs Elysees in Paris. Trades wo.
men with their aprons full of stamps,
BONES, boys carrying little baskets,
gather in crowds in the shade of the
trees chattering. gesticulating and
laughing, to buy or exchange their flimsy
wares. 1t is one of the most character.
istic sights of Paris.
Two of the governments of South
American States are known to be in the
pay of wealthy stamp dealers in Europe,
and change their issues frequently to
give their patrons profitable corners"
The stamp craze began only forty
years ago in Belgium. and is now vast
business extending over all the civilized
world. Every boy probably has made
small investment in it. Whether it is
safe to make large ones in stock so in
trinsically worthless is matter for ques-
ton.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09

more patient end kept bright and pleas
ant, was her thought. Dear, sweet
mother, her tired body and over taxed
nerves refused to allow her to rest, and
in the silent hours of the night while the
others slept she prayed for forgiveness
and for more of the childlike spirit to
enable her to do her duty to her dear
ones. But was that mother entirely to
blame for such condition of atmos.
pheric clouds that night?
Ought not the children to have tried
to learn their lessons themselves, giving
their time and thought to them and only
asking help at very hard places? And
ought not father to have come to the res
cue when mother was so weary, and
made things light and easy for her by
helpful words and encouraging ones? In
every family it seems to be SO natural
to make mother the burden bearer for
all. 1t is, Mother, won't You please do
this, or that, for me-" from morning I'M
til night. Mother is in bondage to those
who love her best and to whom she is
the dearest one of all the world Young
people and husbands do not realize how
much they expect of mother and how
much they could do in the way of think
ing and acting for themselves if they
only would. 1t seems to be a foregone
conclusion that mother is strong enough,
wise enough and patient enough to carry
all the troubles and wants of the whole
family. The true mother often goes be-
You'd her strength to make everything
in the home pleasant. She feels that
she is the thermometer of the home life,
and all the rest go up or down just as
she indicates. Now mother has had so
much said to her and written to her
her about her duties to her family, that
it is quite time father and children
should be reminded of their duties to
her.
Don't let mother always be the one
called to account because of the short.
comings of her family, and be ever on
the alert to see that she has no needless
worries to keep her awake nights, when
she ought to be quietly sleeping and get.
ting strength for body and soul. Try it,
fathers and children, and see how happy
every member of the household will be.
Go to your rooms at night with loving
kisses and smiles of peace and happiness
on your faces. because of the sweet min
istrations that have been given to moth
Christian Work.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09
Intelligence of Dogs.

Sir John Lubbock has been telling of
certain experiments made with dogs to
show that PROF erly developed, their in
telligence falls little short of that of a
man. By three or four months patient
training he established an association in
the mind of his black poodle between
certain words printed ON cards and the
corresponding objects. The poodle was
taught to express his wants by bringing
one or the other of twelve different
cards. In twelve days he brought the
card food" eighty times, tea" thirty
one times, and blank cards twice. The
experiment was so arranged by not using
any card more than once that the scent
of the dog could not be brought into
play. In lecture which he gave on
this subject Sir John also detailed in
genious experiments by which it ap.
peared that bees and ants can discrimi-
nate in C lors. 1t was shown that at
the red end of the spectrum the vision
of aunts was bounded by the same limits
as that of man, but that at the violet
end their range was greater, which sug-
gested to him the thought how different
the world must appear to other animals,
and how different the things 80 near to
us would appear to ourselves if the limi-
tation on the range OF our senses could
be removed.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09
STOCK.

The cornfodder from one acre is worth
more for feeding purposes, when prop
erly prepared, than the ears from the
same acre, and this is matter of test.
The butts contain much valuable food,
and will be eaten by cattle when cut and
crushed; they will eat practically all of
it.
While not discounting the value of
breed and pedigree, it is we'll to admit
that breeders today are looking more
toward individual excellence in COWS,
sheep and swine than they are toward
breed. Breed is not sufficient guaran-
tee that an animal is up to the standard
Poor breeds degenerate through poor
handling until the character of their an
cestors is hardly discernible.
Where there is a good demand for
mutton, the man who wishes to make
the most money in sheep growing will
keep flock of ewes which are crossed
with Merino blood, annually cutting out
the older and poorer, and supplying their
place by fresh additions. Keep ram of
of one of the mutton breeds, and sell the
lambs when coming one year old.
The hog seems never to sweat. The
horse can perspire through all the pores
of the body much as man. and cattle do
the same to limited extent. but the hog
never. His escape valves are confined
to the orifces upon the inside of his
legs.
A good grooming is as refreshing to
horse as bath to man, and we should
deny our animals nothing which brings
comfort or adds to their healthfulness
While planning for the season, have a
thought of the flies and insects which
torment the horses, and decide whether
you can not we'll invest in screen. doors
for the stables.
A dozen or so Of animals should not
be bought simply because they belong
10 breed noted for mix and butter.
Each animal must be inspected and
tested. If they have not individual ex-
cellence, there is no reason why they
should be bought. Pedigree should not
blind buyer so that he forgets the
the more important question.
Cotswold lambs, well bred and well
fed. often attain weight of 100 pounds
at three months. For general purpose
sheep they stand high in the production
of wool and meat. If you have common
or grade ewes thoroughbred Cotswold
ram will improve your flock and make it
productive in all lines.
Wool, as source Of income, can MOI
be largely depended upon; so, while we
do not neglect the wool, our main ener
gies should be given TO the production
Of lamb and mutton. This will require
changes, including changes in feeding,
but the wise sheep owner will adjust
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09
HORTICULTURE.

Plants which ripen their wood thor.
oughly are those which get through the
winter the best. A fruitful cause of loss
among blackberries and raspberries is
too much manure during summer. The
ends OF grape vines which do not ripen
thoroughly are always winter killed.
Do the cultivatipg and manuring in the
spring, and push along the vigorous
growth.
More moisture is required to fill q
peach than to make it's green leaves.
therefore, peaches do not do we'll in time
of drouth. The peach requires potash
for its development. but in dry times
this is often reverted to its insoluble
forms; more must be added, or some
mineral, like salt, must be added to rem
der it soluble again.
Hot soap suds, kerosine emulsion, tar
water, tobacco tea and bubach are good
remedies for the cabbage worm. Either
of these will make short work OF the
pest. While the plants are young Paris
green solution or plaster might be put
on them without danger, but on general
principles the other remedies are safer.
Thin your fruit; do not be afraid. As
soon as the fruit of peaches or pears or
other fruits has become large enough to
show the size of the crop, thin out a por1
ton. if there is certainly too much Of it.
Very many trees are permanently in
jured by being permitted to overbear.
Fruit growers by this time should
know that nothing impossible now
stands between them and fruit crop
every year. Spraying has made a revo-
luton. The orchard which has been
sprayed produces beautifully, while
that on the next farm bears nothing at
all. Where it has not become the fash
ion in neighborhood. The man who be-
gins it will reap rich reward.
Though but a mixture of blue stone,
lime and water. the Bordeaux mixture
is a wonderful discovery for the fruit
orchard. Fungus, blight and insect
stings are no longer a terror. More
N'SA' spraying seehs W pIobolo tho
growth OF the trees and increase their
bearing tendencies. 1t seems to be even
making it possible to raise Seeding fruit
stocks in this country, which we have
heretofore imported.
The onion is apparently very insig-
nitcant vegetable; not like the potato,
for instance, which is so largely used to
sultan life, yet large quantities are used
for food. and constitute very import
ant crop with farmers who have learned
how to grow them; GOO bushels of onions
TO the acre is no more unusual than so
bushels of corn. They seem to thrive
best on bought fertilizers.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09
A SUGGESTION FOR FATHER AND
CHILDREN.
BY SUSAN TEALL PERRY.

1t had been hard day to the dear
good mother. She had oyerworked and
over worried, and all her nerves were on
the outside of her body. Why did she
overwork? Because of the loving, help
ing spirit that had governed her life.
The father had had his income cut
down because Of stress of the financial
depression. and to keep everything clear
of debt the mother was doing the work
she had shared before with competent
helper. The baby was peevish and ill.
and while the mother was doing this
household duty, and taking that stitch
for her children, baby had to be taken
up meantime and quoted. The even
ing meal was finally over, and mother
sat down to rock baby to sleep. Louis
had taken that opportunity to place his
paper Of examples on the table before
her eyes. 1.-The hardest examples he
had ever SEEN" he said. But Louis had
not sat down by himself and tried to get
those examples-his head was full of
"the base ball ninen-the fine game that
was played after school, and the scoring.
1t was too much exertion to think for
himself and figure out those exam pies; it
was so much easier for him to get his
mother to do the calculating and the
figuring for him. Then Helen took out
her list of words that were to be given
out to the spelling class the next day.
The silent letters troubled her, she
could not remember them, whether
they were at the beginning, or at the
end, or in the middle of each word. For
one hour the good, patient mother la
bored with these children to get their
lessons, so they would not miss in them
promotion to another grade was due
in a month more. or course Louis and
Helen wished TO go up with the class.
The father was a good father, but
somehow he seemed to be securely en-
trenched behind the barricade of his
newspaper. 1t was not very pleasant
for him after being at work at his desk
all day to bother with the children's les
sons. Mother got very weary with baby's
intervals Of restlessness, and she spoke in
an irritating tone of voice. The chill
dren did seem SO stupid and the father
SO selfshly thoughtless of her. One
quick word brings many more, and fin,
ally the father took up the case and
ordered the children off TO bed immed
lately. He wondered why The baby
would be so wakeful; other peoples
babies slept. Surely the mother did
not understand how to manage babies
1t was any thirg but pleasant clos
ing up time of The day. No sweet good
night kisses given, no smiles on the
faces those beautiful bed time smiles
which make everything so peaceful
when the head is laid ON the pillow;
only frowns and tears and unpleasant
feelings.
But father and children slept well not
Withstand, G; it was the mother who
kept awake, she could not sleep. she felt
that she had been the cause Of all the ir.
ritants that had come that evening into
the home life. She should have been
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09

Sweet potatoes are not harmed because
the leaves are slightly frosted. The
quality is always improved by the cur
ing process which they undergo after
being put away; after rain or frost
they are soggy and watery, and have not
a good flavor, but this is improved after
they have gone through their sweat.
Not only will the dairyman find it
profitable to put up his own ice, but
every farmer will find it luxury and
help. The ice chest in the kitchen will
save the tired housewife many a step to
the cellar, and many articles will come
to the table in more appetizing shape.
In one way or another. every farmer can
hnd.the ice in the winter.
Ii there is no river near, no pond upon
the farm, no creek to dam and turn
back, place old sugar barrels in an out
shed. fill them by degrees with water
some extremely cold day in which they
will rapidly freeze, cover them with saw
dust, and when summer comes there will
be the finest of ice at hand when the
barrel slaves are knocked away.
You will not need $50 ice chest Set
ole large store box within another, leav.
ing few inches in which to pack saw.
dust about and beneath. Let there be
a lid to both inner and outer box. A
galvanized iron tray in the bottom of the
inner Que, from which tube shall carry
off the water, and proper shelving, will
made it all very successful arrangement.
With weeds the length of the roots
about equals the height of the stalk. To
pillow or grub tall ones from the potato
field must disturb the potato roots and
lessen the crop much. Do not let them
show themselves. Try both ways on por-
tions rof your patch this spring, and
mark the result
Do not hold the products of your work
upon uncertainties; as a rule you will
always be left" II you laid away your
rs cent onions last fall for "raise" i'm
portations have brought down the prices
wofully. Shrlnkage in corn and wheat
offset the gain of few cents increase in
price later in the season. Rats, weevil,
fire must be taken into the count.
The amount from annual losses from
drouth in almost any community would,
if wisely used, furnish ample windmill
irrigation. Water thus supplied ca be
used at WILL and results would be great.
er than when the whole dependence is
upon the natural rainfall. Crops could
just at the right time receive that which
they needed for best development.
Judging from the wonderful crops
raised in those countries where irrigation
is employed, we are sure that, if in addi-
ton to the use of fertilizers we could
absolutely control the supply of water,
the resulting crops would largely exceed
those under ordinary conditions.
Let us thank God, in these times, that
we are farmers. There is one great class
in this country among whom want and
starvation are almost unknown. There
is work for all who will have it, after
natures treasures. and there is no ques-
ton as to reward, even though it bs
sometimes that we have no surplus.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09
POULTRY.

Commencing strain or family is an
important matter, and success depends
upon the initial steps. Peculiarities
Will impress themselves for generations
upon others with which they are cross.
ed. Have the aim clearly in view, and
never lose sight of it.
fowl can not be said to have attain.
ed maturity until after the first mou]t
has passed, and that is when it is IL or
10 months DID, Enfeebleness and de.
terioration in all points follow the using
OF immature birds in the breeding pep.
Cockerels and pullets may be used to
procure early broods, where the progeny
is not to be employed in reproduction.
One male will be sufficient to fertilize
the eggs of eight or ten hens in mild
weather, but should have less in cold
weather; yet infertile eggs often result
from the other extreme, for the hens
must not be distressed by too much at.
tentlon. There is difference in this
regard with different breeds. An OBJ.
servant breeder will soon determine.
A warm box, in which water tank is
SO arranged that the water can be kept
warm continuously by a lamp, and the
whole covered and properly shielded
with old carpet or mating. will make a
very useful and cheap brooder for little
chickens There should be radiator to
throw the heat down upon the brood.
The little ones will nestle to it, and
never have thought of another mother
See that the houses are frequently
cleaned, and give especial attention to
the vessels in which the drinking water
is kept. the feeding places and the nests.
This is important in cold weather az
well as in warm, though neglect now
may not have quite such serious conse.
quences.
Old hens do not bring high price in
market, but will sell for enough to pay
for their fattening. Some of them can
be proftably used on the farmers table.
They will be wholesome and palatable
ii we'll fed and well cooked. The low
price of grain makes it favorable time
to fatten hens which have not proved
good layers.
Incubators and the improved breeds
OF poultry are making poultry raising
more profitable and more Trustworthy.
1t is no longer neglected side issue, in
which the lord of the manor takes no
interest. The business has even assum-
ed dignity and acquired popularity.
When thousand pounds Of chickens
and turkeys can be raised for less than
thousand pound steer, and will sell for
double as much. it should be seen to
that they do not have to scratch wholly
for living, and yet they save from
waste much of the shattered grain and
destroy myriads of injurious insects and
pernicious weed seed.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09

The Festum Herbarum was the day on
which the Roman women carried bun
dies of herbs and fruits to the temples.
1t was afterward made Christian holi.
day.
The carnival season is the most highly
esteemed holiday in most italian cities.
In many respects it bears a resemblance
TO the Roman Saturnalia.
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09
NEW ENGLAND.

The hills OF New England
How proudly they rise,
In the wildness of grandeur
To blend with the skies!
With their far azure outline,
And tall ancient trees;
New England, my country.
l love thee for these!
The wales of New England
That cradle her streams;
That smile in their greenness
Like land in our dreams;
All sunny with pleasure,
Embosomed in ease,
New England, my country,
l love thee for these!
The woods of New England
Still verdant and high
Though rocked by the tempests
VI oSOS sOHc ny,
Romance dims their arches
And speaks in the breeze
New England, my country,
l love thee for these.
The streams of New England
That roar as they go;
Or seem in their stiffness
But dreaming to flow;
Oh bright gilds the sunshine
Their march to the SEAS
New England, my country,
l love thee for these.
The homes of New England,
Free, fortuned aud fair;
Oh many a heart treasures
Its seraphim there!
Fen more than thy mountains
Or streamlets, they please
New England, my country,
l love thee for these!
God shield thee, New England,
Dear land of my birth!
And thy children that wander
Altar DER the earth!
Thou 'rt my country, wherever
My lot shall be cast
Take thou to thy bosom
My ashes, at last!
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09

himself to circumstances, will do the
best. and hope for better times.
A sp-ing pig which is well cared for
Will be more profitable than will fall
pig which suffers from cold or is kept
upon scanty food. This is the same as
saying that the pigs now on hand, if they
are to make anything like satisfactory
growth, must be literally fed, and that
in warm pens,
The Universalist. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1884-1897, 1895-02-09

1t is hardly necessary to say any
thing of electricity, for we are every
one of us face to face with it every
day. 1t lights our streets and our
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1895-05-27
Electric Candies.

TIE electric candle Is IN great request
in England FOR tie lighting and decora-
ton Of dining and other tables. An in
genious device for lighting the candle is
provided by placing small pads under
the tablecloth ard taking the current
from them by means Of two pin points
in the base OF the candlesticll The can
dies Of course are extinguished ON being
taken from the table and IRE relighted
when they are replaced in the proper
position. They are so arranged that the
bulb and glass imitation of wax can
die can be removed, when the candle
stick can be used for any ordinary can
die. When used with shades Of colored
silk, the electric candle makes one of the
prettiest additions TO dinner table that
it is possible to imagine. -Pittsburg Dis
patch.
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1895-05-27
PAPERING! PAPERING!
NORWOOD g. TIER,
So Maryland A0enue.
ALL KINDS OF
Painting and Papering
Done In the most artistic manner and at prices
to suit all

Special attention paid TO Paper Decorations
of Dining Rooms Libraries, Parlors and Halls.
Rooms Papercd with Gold Paper, s. up. The
latest patterns from Philadelphia and New
York to select from.
Plain and Gold Paper at Baltimore Prices.
Plain Paper cents q piece. Gold Paper 10
IL. 10 and 20 cents piece.
Our work is done neatly and promptly. 81
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1895-05-27

To prevent the deterioration which
takes place in coal when stacked in an
ordinary manner it has been proposed in
the case of large quantity having to be
stacked for considerable period to try
the effect of submerging it i'll suffi-
cient depth of water to give the neces-
sary pressure for combining the gas within
the pores And it is further suggested
that to prevent loss Of gas in transit coal
might be conveyed, while remaining
submerged, by the numerous canals and
navigable rivers which are now being
rehabilitated in the various countries of
Europe. -Exchange
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1895-05-27

The mosaic on one Pompeii fioCr il
known to have cost sra
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1895-05-27
ilniSUHHER BOARDING. ikai

large airv srooms at ssHill's Delight South
River. Anne Arundel county. from % 90 TO
6o 90 per week. according 70 room accommo-
daffoner location high and delightful, over
looking the bay. within four miles OF Anna
nolIs and three miles Of Bay Ridge Boating.
fehin0 Grabbing and bathing free. Steamboat
cnmmiinIcafiOn with Baltimore three times
weekly For particulars address
JAMES W. BROWN.
s2I2m Annapolis, Nd.
Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1895-05-27

To "piie ON agony is popularity sup
posed to be an Americanism. 1t is,
however, found in enc of the letters Of
Charlotte Bronte and was used in Eng
lish popular literature before the begin
ming Of the present century.