davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25


cross the Chickamauga and advance towards
Chattanooga. heroads at which Baird and
Brannan were posted both led into that Ross
vile road which was the key to the situation.
Gen. Gordon Granger's command was
posted as a reserve at Rossville. On the
evening Of Sept IS Col Dan McCook, of
Granger's command, made a reconnaissance
eastward to the Chickamauga, and burned
Reeds bridge across that stream. He re-
ported to Gen. Thomas that one Confederate
brigade was already across Chickamauga on
the west side. As McCook had burned the
bridge nearest them, it would be possible by
an immediate attack to capture the whole
brigade. Accordingly, with the early dawn
Of Sept. 10, Gen. Brannan moved forward
with two brigades;and attacked the Confed-
crate force that McCook had reported.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

mauga. A beautiful monument marks his
grave in Spring Grove cemetery, Cincin-
natl
It was impossible for the few brigades with
McCook to stay the tide Of battle. They
were overpowered and captured
At the moment when the gap was made
several of Rosecrans' divisions were chang
ing position and were in transit to Thomas
on the left. They were taken at a disad-
vantage and utterly routed Davis division
was thus beaten.
Sheridan's division was the last on the
Union right. When the Confederates
struck their blow two of Sheridan's brigades
were in the act of marching to the left to aid
enemy and endeavored to check them, but in
vain. They were repulsed, and fell back on
the Dry Valley road There they reformed,
and had second unsuccessful fight. Then
they retreated westward, and by circuitous
route reached Rossville. Thence they ad-
vanced to the aid Of Thomas
To sum up: Davis and Sheridan's whole
divisions had been driven from the field.
Part Of the divisions Of Wood, Van Cleve
and Brannan had been defeated and thrown
into confusion. The brigades from these d.
visions that escaped were those that had
gone to join Thomas.
The Confederates captured over 1900 pris-
oners, 40 guns and vast quantities Of army
supplies.
There was now left Of the Union army
Thomas, the Rock of Chickamauga. With
him were the divisions Of Baird, johnson,
Palmer and Reynolds Wood and Brannan
had formed anew in line from east to west
Two brigades of Negley's and one Of Van
Cleve's were with them. The corps Of Nc
Cook and Crittenden had been beaten.
What had become Of Thomasl was the
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

recting Hill to begin the attack. A messen-
ger had been sent to Hill in the night with an
order to attack at daylight, but it failed to
reach him.
Hill was forming his line when, at 8
o'clock, Gen. Bragg rode up to him and de-
manded why he had not made the attack at
dawn as commanded. Hill replied that he
had not heard anything about it. Bragg
said angrily: 81 found Polk after sunrise
sitting down reading newspaper at Alex
anders bridge, two miles from the line OF
battle, when he ought to have been fighting"
This is denied by Polk's son.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

faces Gen. Helms brigade was Almost cut
to pieces. Gen. Helm himself was shot and
fell dead among his men. The officer next in
command Withdrew the brigade.
On the left of Palmers division Johnson's
men continued the fire Palmer had begun.
On the right Gen. Reynolds took it up.
load and-are at will" was the order passed
right and left along the Union line
Under this withering fire the Confederates
wavered, then stopped Then they fell slowly
back into the shelter of the woods whence
they came. ;
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
Confederates took advantage Of this fatal

Confederates took advantage Of this fatal
gap in the line
Longstreet poured the whole Confederate
left wing into the space, and wheeled his force
around towards his own right. The Union
army was cut il two. The corps Of Critten-
den and McCook were struck in flank. They
were driven from the field.
The Union line of battle that had stood 80
bravely from north to south in the morning
was bent back. All south Of the divisions Of
Baird and johnson were rolled backward till
they extended from east to west, almost at
right angles to the position they held in the
morning
Through the gap swept the Confederate
forces Of Stewart, Hood, Renshaw, johnson
snd Hindman. Preston followed as q sup
port. They poured through the breach like
waters over broken levee
South Of the break McCook was left with
only portion Of Sheridan's and Davis divi-
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

line of battle more comp act on the right of
Reynolds. The second part meant that he
should move to the rear Of Reynolds. The
order was written by one of Rosecrans' aides
who was not military man.
Gen. Wood interpreted the second part OF
Rosecrans order technically and obeyed it.
He moved towards the rear Of Brannans
division, who was next on the right OF Rey-
nolds
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

Yet again in this day Of vary ing fortunes
the tables were turned aud pursuer became
the pursued. Gen. Liddel's Confederates
turned and retreated before the attack Of
Johnsons freshly arrived division. The re-
treating col.mns lost heavily in killed,
wounded and captured, and were forced TO
leave behind all the Union guns they had ca j.
tured.
Just after Liddell was driven from the
field about II o'clock a. m. Gen. Bragg Or
dered Cheatham's division, 1000 strong, to
60 to his relief But Cheatham was too late.
As Liddell fled Gen. Thomas quickly organ
lied pursuing column. Two more fresh di-
visions had just arrived to assist Thomas.
Crittenden, at Crawfsh Spring, had taken
the responsibility Of sending Palmer's divi
sion to Thomas. Reynolds division OF
Thomas own corps reached the ground about
the same time with Palmer.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
CHICkAMAUGA.
One of the BlO0diest Battles Of
the Civil War.
SEPTEMBER l9 AND 20, 1868,
The Armies of Bragg and ROsecrans
Meet at Last.

The Story Told q Quarter Of Century
Later-After Three Months of Retreat
ing Bragg Makes q Stand and Fights.
Re-euforced from Lee, at Richmond, and
Johnston, In Mississippi, He Wins q
victory-A Fatal Gap in the Union
Line-Gen. Thomas, tho Rock OF Chick
amauga-Garfeld's Ride.
The battle Of Chickamauga took place
Sept. 10 and 20, 1868, with a preliminary
fight Sept. IS. The heaviest fighting was on
the Goth, and on Sunday.
The engagement Of Wilder's mounted in
fantry at Leets lanyard, Sept. Is, was the
premonitory signal of the battle 1t occur
red near Lee & Gordon's mill, while Critten-
den, ,'in obedience to Rosecrans' order, was
concentrating his CORDS
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
ON THE UNION LEFT.

The heavy battle Of the day began about
$50. Breckinridge and Cleburne made a
tremendous assault on the Union left. Neg
ley had only just arrived there Beatty's
brigade Of his division was struck heavily by
Breckenridge and driven back. There were
no breastworks in front of the Union line
here.
With Baird's division Of the Union line
began the breastworks. On the right Of Baird
was Johnson's division Of McCook's corps.
To the right Of johnson was Gen. John NJ.
Palmer's division Of Crittenden's corps.
Breckinridge had suggested to his COM
mander, D. b. Hill, the attack on the e1-
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

The center corps Of the Union army
changed position for the time. Gen. Thomas
late in the afternoon and during tho night
Of Sept. IS marched his corps, except Neg
ley's division, to tho north to protect the
road to Rossville. NeCley's division was left
behind to guard the ford Of the Chickamauga,
near Crawfish spring.
Gen. Thomas and lis s ::HrS marched oil
night long The roal '"..:n Chickamauga
creek to Rossvillc cut ,'.:. n'r:hward road,
over which Gen. Thomas i:ili';..lc,l. at kelly's
farm, hence t. become historic.
At kelly's farm Gen. Thomas weary di-
visions halted. Thomas posted Bairds di-
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

works. They were
continued along the
Union. line towards
the right, in front
Of Johnson, Palmer
and Reynolds. The
Union troops be-
hind their defenses
calmly watched the
oncoming Confed-
crates. When the
southern soldiers
were within range
q terrific fire from
Palmer's division
was 8 u d d Q n ] y
H. 49,.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
POLK.
THE UNION RIGHT.

Seeing in the beginning that he would be
hard pressed, Thomas had sent to Rosecrans
asking urgently for re-enforcements. Rose
Grams sent answer back to Thomas that he
should be supported if it took away the whole
corps Of McCook and Crittenden. Negley's
division was already on the way to Thomas,
and Van Clevcs was started at once.
Rosecrans ordered Gen. Wood to "close up
po,,,,olds ond s,1pnort him. meaning that
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

gades making the
attack were those Of Adams and Stovall
Beatty was in the rear Of Bairds division.
It seemed possible that Adams and Stovan
might succeed in fanking the Union left
But at the very moment when the Union line
was thrown into confusion, order was restored
through the heroic act Of a Federal colonel
He snatched his regmental flag from the
color bearer, waved it aloft and headed his
horse directly toward the advancing Con-
federates. Instantly his own men rallied
around him.
Thus was formed nucleus, where O sue
cessful stand against the Confederates was
made. Then came re-enfor ,ements from
Negley, and the Confederate tide was stayed.
The two brigades were beaten back Adams.
the leader of one, was wounded and captured.
As Adams and Stovall attacked Beatty and
threw him into confusion the Confed crate
generals Helm and Cleburne advanced
against Bairti's front and attacked heavily.
But In front Of Baird began the log breast
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
BATTLE OF SEPT. 19.

This attack of Gen. Thomas at early morn
ing, Sept. l9, was the opening Of the battle
of Chickamauga But it was not the opening
Bragg had anticipated =. e.
Sept. Is Bragg gave his orders to his gen.
erals for next day. His troops were to cross
the Chickamauga at three different points,
from Reeds bridge on the north, next by
Alexanders bridge south, and third by Ted
ford,s ford. still further south. These cross
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
night and the close of the days battle cant

night and the close of the days battle cante
together.
Heroic and thrilling incidents there were
at Chickamauga in plenty. Capt J. w.
Miller, now literary editor Of The Cincinnati
Commercial Gazette, has recently written a
reminiscence of Sheridan in that days fight
81 saw Sheridan lead one Of his brigades
(..aibold's) under fire across cleared field
and place it exactly where he wanted it. He
came galloping back on his famous black
horse q never saw him on any other with hat
Off, sword flashing, and face glowing with
the magnificent passion Of the battlefield
He passed me, then turned in his stirrups,
ana said: We're driving them, d-m them.
In two or three minutes he came in view
again with another brigade.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

passed. "The battle
the next day must
be for the safety Of
the army and the
possession Of Chat
tanooga," =" said Ro-
secrans. On the Un-
ion side Rosecrans
gave his orders for
Sept. 20. Thomas
was to continue his
line just as the fall
ing darkness found
it, forming the left
Of the army. Chat
tanooga was to the
left of Thomas. Nc
Cooks command
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25


he should take po-
sition on the right
Of ..th at officers
division. A mis-
understanding OF
this order caused
the mistake which
was the undoing OF
the Union force on
the right. The first
part Of the order
given to W ood
m e ant that he
~ 1 1Ssn
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
MAP OF CHICKAMAUGA.


The famous battle takes its name from
creek or Small river thatHflows north through
the valley between Mission Ridge and Pigeon
mountains, and empties into the Tennessee
four miles above Chattanooga.
With Bragg, Sept. Is, were four corps:
Those Of Buckner, Polk, Walker and D. b.
Hill D. q. Hill had been sent from Rich
mond to take command Of Hardee's corps.
By the arrival of Longstreet from Lees
army Bragg had five corps.
In the fight Of Sept. 20, Confederate autho-
rites put the Union force at nearly 46, 600, and
the Confederate at $4,000. Federal figures
say Bragg had 10000, Rosecrans $1,000
electives. With Bragg were many Confed-
crate soldiers who had been captured at
Vicksburg and Port Hudson and been paroled,
but who had not yet been exchanged
Sept. Is McCooks corps was still at Alpine,
in the western edge Of Georgia. At midnight
of that day he received an order to hurry
with all speed and support Thomas at
Stevens Cap on the east side of Mission
Ridge. When McCook first reached Alpine,
finding himself isolated from the rest Of the
Union army, he had sent his wagon train
back to the top Of Lookout range
McCook made all haste to obey. The order
he received came directly from Thomas. Its
instructions were to move two divisions Of
his corps to Stevens Gap, and leave the third
to guard the wagon train. McCook took the
wrong road, crossed Lookout range, was
Obliged to recross it, and after march Of great
hardship and fatigue reached McLemore's
! Cove on the night Of Sept. II. With him
were Stanley and the cavalry.
Crittenden ,ad been ordered also to move
forward his corps and connect with Thomas
on Chickamauga creek. Sept IA he moved
his corps, except Woods division, to Mission
Ridge.
Thomas extreme left, under Reynolds, was
nm the west fork of Chickamauga creek.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

was given to McCooh and Crittenden, but
obeyed in the tardy manner described The
battle began at $50 a. m, and Negley did
not reach Thomas for an hour after that.
The Confederate attack began as Rose
Grams had expected, on the left Breckin-
ridges division advanced on the Confeder-
ate right, with 'Cleburne's division to the
left Of Breckinridge. These belonged to D.
H. Hills CORDS
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

aligned, a nd b 9
himself did not
hear that he had
b Q assign g d to
Polk till after mid
night. Gen. Polk
sent him the word,
a n d told him to
come to Alexan-
der's bridge.
Hill moved b / 8
troops forwar d.
At 7:25 a. m. they
were eating their
breakfast. At this
time an order came
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

ing lines. But the
weight Of a flying
division was too
much for one brig
ade to hold itself
steady under. Ha-
zen's brigade was
also borne down.
On came the tri-
! umphant masses Of
) SConfederates, till
Sthe earth and air
seemed dusky with
them. One regi-
ment alone Of Ha-
zen's brigade stood
its ground. That
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

tne Utn OF Septem-
Der suffered tortur-
ing thirst. Bragg's
army had crossed
to the west bank
Of the Chicka-
mauga They had
got possession Of
the springs which
supplied the Union
! troops the day be-
fore. They lay in
wait for the squads
of Union men who
,rora ,o-f fD~ profop
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

question now In the
mind Of the COM
mander in chief.
Rosecrans was cut
of entirely from
his left by the sea
of men in gray that
su rg Q d between.
he did not know
whether T h m a s
still held his ground
or whether he, too,
had not been over
whelned. At this
time Gen. James
A. Garfield, Rose
or,1,1 ob;af - gfo %
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

ings were all north
of Lee & Gordon's
mill, about which,
on the west bank
Of Chickamauga,
the greater portion
of t he U IL i 0 n
army was grouped.
D. H. Hill had the
extreme left of the
Confederate line as
it faced westward,
and Hood the e1-
treme right. Hoods
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
AFTER DARK.

Both sides spent the night Of Sept. 10 pre-
pairing for next days battle. Rosecrans,
anxious and weary, assembled his corps COM
manders at his headquarters at Widow
Glenn's house. All Of his army except two
brigades had been in action that day. An
other days fighting was before them that
nromised IN he still hotter than the one lust
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

lily to Negley. Crit
tenden's corps be-
ing nearest he now
ordered that to fill
the space left by
Negley. Once more
he told McCook to
kee ep closed up
toward the left at
all hazard. Again
the anxious chief
rode over to Neg
ley's corps, only to
find that Negley
had still not moved.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

The brave chief Of staff left the COM
mander in chief at Rossville, and rode
around distance Of many miles, threading
his way through bullets and gathering foes
till he reached the Union left, and found it
stood firm.
Gen. Thomas the hero of Chickamauea,
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

sions He ordered
these to quickly
change front and
attack the Confed-
erat t Q s. T b ey
obeyed. Am on 6
them was the brig
ade Of the gallant
and lamented Gen.
William H. Lytle,
: Of Cincinnati. The
! soldier-poet obeyed
his commanders
order, and rode to
his death on the
90 a U1sr
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

tics for the Con-
fetlerates to attack
the thinned Union
forces left at Lee
g. Gordon's mill.
But that was no
part Of Bragg's
plan.
Bragg himself
was at Tedford's
ford, b Q t W e o n
Alexander's bridge
and Lee & Cor
don's mill. At 8
o'clock he ordered
D. H. Hill to send
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

treme Federal left,
in front Of Beatty,
where there were
no breastworks. He
proposed, with two
brigades, to try to
get in the rear Of
the Union breast
works. Hill gave
| The movement
was begun with
good prospect Of
success. The two
Confederate hri-
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

on learning Of the
disaster to the
right, h q Silly
placed the troops
with him in a posi-
tion Of his own Sc
lection. 1t "a 8
upon a curving
range Of hills called
Horseshoe ridge.
He "placed himself
with his back
against a rock,
and stood b is
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

vision at Keuy's
house. On Baird's
left, and north of
him, Brannan's di-
vision was posted.
The two divisions
were placed so as
to cover the roads
leading from Alex
ander's and Reeds
bridges and Lam
beth ford, across
the Chickamauga.
The design was
thus to intercept
af%A~,of tA
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
THE FATAL GAP.

Wood had dropped out Of the Union line.
This left gap. Bushrod johnson, OF Long
streets command, saw the vacant space, and
pointed it out to his general Instantly the
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

eA4 k
Woods division Of
Crittenden's corps
was left alone at
Lee & G ord o MS
mills on the west
bank Of Chi C K a
manga Sept. ls
the three corps Of
Rosecrans' arm y
were once more in
support i ng dis:
tance of one an
other. Bragg was
receiving heavy re-
endorsements from
Lees army at Rich
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25
GARFlELD'S FAMOUS RIDE.

made the journey on horseback that has be-
come historic.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1895-09-25

Whooplng Cough Plasters can bs had at
Speeds.
The Red Cloud chief., 1895-03-15
Citizens Caeus.

A bipartisan, or citizens caucus
was held at Bentley's hall last evening
for the purpose of placing in nomina-
tion candidates for the various city OF.
fies. Henry Gillian was chosen chair
mar and Il. j. Ward, secretary. An in.
formal ballot was taken, the result OF
which was az follows: NJ. r. Bentley
30; g. II. Potter, l6; j. L. Miner, s.; +. G.
Blakeslee, 3; G. j. Platr, .; and some
scattering votes. On motion by Henry
Cook, Mr.. Bentley was made the choice
Of the convention by reclamation.
The caucus then proceeded to nomi.
nate by formal ballot the balance OF the
city ticket, with the following result:
Clerk, o. c. Teel; treasurer, +. G.
Blakeslee; city surveyor, G. S. Bennett,
board Of education, ]. s. Gillian. Henry
Cook and G. b. Crone; councilmen, LIST
ward, Jos. Kubick; ID ward, ID. j.
Myers.
The Red Cloud chief., 1895-03-15

no matter how we'll a man should per.
form his duty, a never satisfied public
would not concur in his actions as a
general thing, and yet some n must
I'LL the position. The CHIEF would
have no particular objection to our fell
low townsman, M. r. Bentley. nor TO G.
w. Haley, nor to Il. b. Fulton, nor to B.
+. Mizer. nor to w. N. Richardson, nor
to G. II. Potter, nor to any man who
would get to the front as a hustler,
Another thing, we must look we'll to
our councilman. We should select ouI
most careful business men for those re
sponsib.e positions. They are the bust
ness department Of the city and should
be extra careful men,.
The Red Cloud chief., 1895-03-15

SINCE Mr.. Tenants return from the
south, he 10 loud in the praise Of tina,
country for it's great natural resources,
ito wonderful climate and hospitable
people, He says that ''~sectionalism and
the bloody shirt 10 no more there, and
the people in the south will readily re.
mind you that the wal was over 30 years
ago. Some Of the finest lands, rivers,
cities, manufactures and people in the
world are in the south. There is a ION.
slant influx Of northern and western
capital to that country, and it 10 rapidly
growing great. The negro labor quss.
ton and the race problem are vital is.
ues there at present"
The Red Cloud chief., 1895-03-15

The Lancaster lPa.) ln~telligencer re-
Gently printed a historical edition OF 40
pages, a copy Of which kindly found its
way to this office. 1t was a most elab.
crate edition, excellent from a literary
standpoint, perfect geographically, and
containing rs it did such an enormous
amount OF meritorious reading matter it
compared favorably with the best met.
ropolitan newspapers.