Evening journal., 1895-10-10
IN THE FROZEN NORTH.
Captain Fedder Talks About
His Arctic Experiences.
PERILOUs YOYAaga ZOE KYROLITB
ships which VIII sail the Icy Seas In
Search Of tho Mineral Now Undergoing
Repairs at tho jackson and sharp ship
Yards.-A Description Of the Method Of
Obtaining IL.

Repairs az tho JACKSON ana onafp snip
Yards.-A Description Of the Method Of
Obtaining 1t.
At the Jackson and Sharp Company's
shipyards the barks Serene, Argenta and
Iodine are now being overhauled aud
strengthened preparatory TO their ususl
Spring voyages to Ivigtute west coast OF
Greenland, for cargons Of kyro
lite. basRltic mineral mined
there by the Danish government
Mckay & Dix. OF New York, are the
m snsRing owners Of the feet OF
Greenland traders, which in addition TO
he above vessels, comprise he bafques
Silicon, Flourine. Salieue aud lviguts
These are seven IN all The Pennsyl
vsuis Salt Company Is the charterer Of
ships ana receive their cargoes ut the
works in Philadelphia, whence it is sent
TO Pittsburg, fer reduction.
kyrolite is n mineral resembling mar
BILE, beautifully veiued aud containing
small percentages OF gold. silver, lead,
mica and phosphorus. At the reduction
works in Pittsburg elaborate stamping
machinery reduces the quartz 70 powder.
after which the other minerals
are separated ana the gold
aud silver ccllec ed BY the usual mercury
process Many Of the articles seen ia
daily use that pass for poicslain are
made from Ky rollte There ara the Innings
of kettles, door knobs, shirt buttons aud
the trimmings of msutels As II takes a
fiae polish and is impsrvious to water,
and does not stain with age, kyrolite Is
looked upon in the trades With great
favor
Ivigtut, whsucs ths princpAl supply
comes Is Ia 60 degrees north latitude
aud the mines are under tue control OF
the Dauish Government, which sells the
cargoes as desired The vein Is covered
by hard gray rock. varying
from ten TO forty feet deep
which Is removed by blasting
until the kyrolites is reached THIS has
north aud south trend, aud the mines
At Igigtut are $50 feet wide by 200 feet
deep aud stretch away in the direction
OF the pole
Ordiaary guupowder IS used IN the
blasting, bringing down twenty or more
tous ~ q time This is sub divided into
Jumps Of 200 pounds. and then hoisted
from tue mine by steam power 10 Is
then stacked In piles Of 800 ,r
400 tons ready for shipment
About December the mines are q loded
Win WhitA tuu - Jus Aru p1lalAln ldlin
to 40 degrees below gro, ice twenty
feet thick is formed This prevents the
mine from filling up with snaw Fine
fl mt like snow. would battle all efIjcts at
removal In ths Spring The ice Is cut
into cakes, hoisUsd out aud tbs water
pumped out aud operations begin at
once
The long dresrg Artic Winter nights
OF six months duration settles with
desolate grimness over these ice Rrippsd
egions a. so weird and forbidden as
TO convey he impression as g German
writer aptly expresses 10, The Back OF
Gods Hard, Yet there are compensa-
tious that viewed ia their sublmity.
form an incompatible spectacle OF
majestic grandeur that has It's counter
part only In the earth's polarety mag
nihcent c1nsellated skies, tue bright
e Il ngence OF ths Aurora; the mighty
movement of VAST glaciers, rich IN all the
faDclful tracery OF the ice king 3
best artists, veritable fairy pal
aces of pure transparent Ice
their sides of giittering white
relieved BY the shadows that play hide
ard SEEK among the rscesses Of their
fzurs esveIus, and the stroke o. the
furious cas- dashing high up against the
1asalitic rocks All this Is sufficient to awe
and surprise he few allowed TO see it
Nor Is this all. There Is the launching of
the ice bergs.es the VAST inland glaciers
formed Of Ice aud snow, push their front
clear over the chasm of the
sea untn the enormous weight
breaSs from the shore ice with q
terrific roar, and lashiog the sea into
such fury as Of the dip Of hundred
5atteships as they leave the
launching ways would fail 10
equal Once launched these levisthisns
OF the deep form the most
dangerous elements to the navigation Of
/ these seas that the mariner can
encounter Often on account Of their
/ great displacemenis, these icebeig IS are
takon hold % by the strong submarine
currents and then the appalling diff
! against wind snd tide crashing through
masses Of pack ice these rudderless ice
ships 20 on their way until they meet
their fate in equatorial latitudes
BY this graphic description of the
Arctic seas, Chief Officer henti Fedder,
Of the bafque Serene. entertained q
JOURNAL representative He is =
veteran Ia the service, and re-
lated many interesting Incidents
connected With the perilous voyages Of
this peculiar trade Continuing, Mr
Faddsr said, that usually each OF The
ships make two TRIPS year, leaving tbi S
Latitude In May aud returning Ia July
and ia the second trip never deisyiug
their departure from lviRtut later
than the middle Of Octobir on
account of the Young ice making aud
freezing the pack into solid mass.
During some years the north HArd set OF
the ice carries the ship as far north as
&C degrees, and then a battle roya
commences to get back again before
Winter sets In.
In speaking Of the Equimaux E Mr..
Fedder said there Is settlement Of them
seventeen miles north OF IVigtut On'
peculiarly about them Is the marvellous
manner Ia which they construct tnsir
luts 70 keep warm during th'
long Winters. A long. winding tunne
extending some fifty feet Is built JUS
. high enough above the ground &
crawl through, aud connecting
this with their living apartments
all drsughts are cut of While 4
may be 40 degrees below zsro without
within these hufs It is 60 or 20 degreei
| ahnva IT, h fha draught that kills "A