davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-02-13
For TIE FLORIDA AGRICULTURIsT.
Lessons of the Freeze.

AGR1CULTURlST r0laGlV0 TO bn0 lro0Z0.
Much good advice is given and many
valuable suggestions made, but, on the
whole it seems to me the true lesson has
been over looked. 1t is quite likely as
suggested by one that the planting of
new groves will cease for time at least
and possibly many old ones may be
abandoned, but there are many of us
who have all they own in an orange
grove and depend on it for living, who
are not yet quite ready to give it up and
go at something else.
There is little question as to the profit
of orange growing if one has means SUI
ficient and Does not undertake too much.
An experience of twenty years in the
business only confirms the opinion that
it is the most profitable of all hOrticul-
tural pursuits There is no reason that
| can see Except cold) why from $500 to
$500 per acre may not be realized every
year If ones grove is not too large for his
means. 1t is really about the only thing
for which South Florida is suited.
1 have no confidence in farming or
trucking. The country from soil and
climate (meaning South Florida) is not
suited for either pursuit. If, as some of
your correspondents suggest, orange
growing is failure and we had better
go at something else as raising corn, peas.
ETC., then think we had better pull up
stakes, quit the country and go where
the soil will produce corn, etc., at a
proft-it won't do it here. There is but
one difficulty in the way in the orange
business. and that is the cold spells,
freezes or bliZzards we occasionally
have and which are likely to be more
frequent in the future and perhaps of
greater severity. 1t is just here the
lesson of the freeze lies. What is the
best method of management and fertiIi
zation of the grove that will bring and
keep the trees in the best condition to
resist these freezes? The fruit we can
sell or insure. 1t is the tree we want to
preserve. Can it be done SO as to insure
fine crop every year? | believe it can
and while | have not given the plan a
trial in all it's details, the experiments
| have made in the last twenty years
seem to me to fully warrant this con-
clusion. To take up AS little OF your
space as possible, would suggest then,
to secure this end, the following method
of management of the grove: The en-
tire abandonment IN bearing groves of
the turn plow, an implement not only
useless for any purpose, but | believe
positively injurious in our bottomless
sand. In lieu of it | would use the
spading harrow, and that only in May or
June of every year, or every other year,
as | might think best-no other tool, but
the scythe or moving machine to be
used in the grove-n0 vegetable matter
to be cut green or removed from the
grove. ! would throw aside the pruu-
ing knife, saw and spray pump and rely
upon a sufficient quantity of some good
complete manure made from the best
non-volatile mineral clemens to keep
the tree in healthy condition. A good
fertilizer, and enough OF it, is the best
insecticide. On very poor land less than
40 pounds to the tree would be, [ think,
;oe,A3oiont. 90 Y0o11Odc mOI116 no hottor.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
N' UNANIMOUS VOTE
Senators Pass the Venezuelan
Commission Bill Without
Amendment.
Action Taken After a Day Of
Patriotic Speeches by
Notable Men.
Presidents Latest Financial
Message Not FaVorably
Received.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 2l.-The United
States senate, by unanimous vote and
without the formality Of roll call, has
passed the bill already adopted by the
house of representatives, empowering
the president to appoint commission
to determine the Venezuela British
Guiana boundary.
This action was the elimination Of a
debate adding q memorable page to
congressional history. 1t was day Of
noble speeches by notable men. The
subject Of war between the United
States and Great; Britain was the pre-
vailing theme which found expression
in truly patriotic sentiments, in stirring
appeals for preparation and defense, in
graphic portrayals Of the horrors of
war, and, at times, in defiant warnings
to the people across the water.
At all times during the four hours Of
discussion the galleries were besieged
by an eager crowd, whose patriotic i'm
pulses found frequent expressions i'll
applause, which the presiding officer
sought vainly to suppress.
Day Of Notable Speeches.
The most notable utterances Of the
day wese those of Senators Sherman,
Teller, Mills, Lodge, Platt, Turpie,
Chandler, White, Cafferey, Call and
Stewart, representing the three shades
Of political sentiment, and yet, in the
main, uniform in urging the support of
the presi dents vigorous assertion of the
Monroe doctrine and, if need be, any
action essential to maintain the national
dignity. There were strong expires.
sions also, against the panic in Amer
lean stocks aud securities which it was
said the London commercial houses
were seeking to bring about. Through
out the debate there was IN undercur-
rent of feeling that while the country
would not shrink from war, if it must
come, yet that such calamity was not
imminent. Shortly before 4 o'clock
Mr.. Morgan unexpectedly withdrew the
amendments to the bill, leaving it in it's
original form. There was no demand
for roll call,
As the Sent ment of the Senate
was clearly an unit and by a loud viva
voce vote the bill was passed without a
dissenting vote. This completed the
legislative enactment of the measure
which, with the signature of the presi-
dent, has the full force and effect of a
law.
The passage of the bill was not, how
ever, the only exciting event of the day,
for at 4:30 O'CLOCK the presidents mes
sage urging the gravity of the financial
stu ton and calling on congress not
to adjourn for the holidays until relief
was afforded, was presented to the
senate.
Its reading was followed with close
attention, but the senators, absorbed
with the stirring events of the debate,
We're ready to adjourn without imme-
diate consideration Of the message.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
WILL REMAIN IN SESSION.
Presidenrs Message Changes the Plans
of Congress.

Presidenrs Message Changes the Plans
of Congress.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 21.--The presi-
dents anti-recess message took both
houses of congress by surprise. It pro-
duced a number Of conferences, the re-
suit Of which will PROBABLY be a COM
plete change of plans for a holiday re-
cess, and. the Inauguration Of the real
work of the session two or three weeks
in advance Of the time when it would
have been, but for the message.
In the senate an offer will be made to
secure a reconsideration of the adjourn
ment resolution, and the house will
proceed to business as if no adjourn
ment resolution had been adopted. The
speaker will appoint his committees,
and it appears most probable that if the
senate fails to reconsider the adjourn
ment resolution and sends it to the
house, that body will decline to accept
the senate amendments and thus leave
the whole question suspended in the air
between the two bodies for the time BE-
ing.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
TIE SECOND MESSAGE.
The london Times Says Its AS Remark
able az the i .rst.

The london Times Says It's as Remark
able the FIRST.
LONDON, Dec. 21.--The Times says i'll
an editorial: This second message is as
remarkable US the first. Whatever
happens in the future President Cleve-
land will always have the proud salts
faction of knowing that he twice aston
ished the world within single week.
With an air Of the utmost Innocence he
takes note Of the panic he himself has
originated IN precisely the tone he
would appropriate to the discussion of
calamity due to causes beyond human
control. 49,
The Daily News says: President
Cleveland has inflicted a heavier blow
upon his own country than upon ours.
He will find that no bond. issues or
withdrawal Of notes is so effective as
the assurances Of peace. He must now
be conscious of his mistake. II he is
willing to repair it he will find in the
British government and people every
disposition to forget his hot words.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
General Feeling of Uneasiness
on Change Much Resem-
II. N bleo Panic.
Depression of American Sc
curitias Abroad the Prin-
cipal Cause. ",
Sales for the Day Reach an
Amount Rarely Before
.4r%,,, Surpassed.

NEW York, Dec. 21.---It was q day of
excitement on Wall street and matters
for time bore the esemblance Of a
panic. But this condition of affairs
had not been unexpected, and the deal
ers had prepared themselves to some
extent: Before the opening OF busi-
moss n:the Stock Exchange: sit, was an
nounced that $3. 400, 600 in geld would
be sent ont OF the country, and. later in
the day the further export Of $500, 900
was announced. This, together with
the cable adyices from London an.
nounding extensive sales Of American
securities and the tenor Of the war
news from all quarters, was RESPONSE.
bic for the general feeling Of uneasiness
that prevailed even early in the day.
The spirit Of the. market was to sell,
and in tho big exchanges this was done
to an extent
Rarely Before surpsssed.
In the Stock Exchange the sales for the
day We're 775, 76l shares. New York
Central, St. Panl, Louisville and Nash.
vile, Wabash, Missouri, Kansas and
Texas preferred, Reading, Atchison,
Illinois Central and Canada Pacific
were the principal sufferers by reason
Of their international listing.
With the fall in prices the banks
called in all their loans thus adding to
the complications of the situation.
Much money was loaned at very high
interest to carry stocks and Ill many
instances renewals would not be made
under any condition whatever. Money
was loaned on call late in the afternoon
at as high as so per cent and most loans
were marked up 10 per cent by the
banks.
4 Number Of Failures Result.
AS result of the decline in stocks
the failure of the following firms was
announced on the Stock Exchange dur
ing the day: Nichols, rockingham q
Co., Samuel s. Sands & Co., De Neuf-
vile 81 Co., l.. A. Feldman ind B. Fen
ton.
M. Nj. Packard & Co., dealers in
spices and teas, made an assign
ment to Joseph Case. Tightness Of
money is given az the cause. The firm
was, one OF the oldest known to the
spice trade. 1t was said the assets
would probably reach 100000. while
the liabilities are thought to below that
figure.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
CAMPOS MUST HURRY.
instructed to Make Desperate Efforts t.
Defeat Insurgents at Once.

instructed to Make Desperate Efforts to
Defeat Insurgents at Once.
KEY WEST, Fla, Dec. 2l.--Advices
from Havana state that Campos will
make desperate efforts Immediately to
break the power of the insurgents. He
has determined to force the fighting be-
cause of urgent orders from Madrid.
The cabinet has informed Campos that
unless decisive victories are won over
the insurgents Immediately, it will he
impossible for Spain to procure money
10 maintain her army on the island.
The minister Of finance has said that
the Spanish treasury is empty and the
insurgents have made such a showing
that it is impossible to float a new loan
in any European capital.
Must Be Done Quickly, II Mt All.
In view of this, Campos is plainly told
that unless the rebellion is broken
shortly, Spain had as well withdraw
from the island. Campos has, therefore,
resolved upon heroic measures. It is
said he has instructed Spanish officers
to give no quarter to Cubans in arms,
and to treat non combatants as merci.
lessly as in the last revolution. Much
excitement prevails in Havana over a
report that great battle would occur
near Matanzas within "a hou-s. It was
stated that 1900 Spaniards under Gen
eral Pando were facing 5000 Cubans
under Maceo, and news Of collision is
momentarilv axnerted
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
TIE WEEK III BUSINESS.

Outside of stock ma Cot on Markets.
Trade Wa, Scarcely Affected.
NEW YORK. l. &C, 21.-k. G.. Dun e
O.. 5 Weekly Review OF Trade says:
The strong Anerlcanlsm o. he presi-
dents message has gwen its character
to the week. Popular feeling Was pro-
foundry moved but excepting i'll stock
and cotton markets, Lus hess was re-
markably good and scarcely affected.
Selling securities held abroa was IL
naturally first impulse, though the
sellers are not unlikely III time to dis
cover that no other secur. ties are safer
rom international complications than
the American. Coming ut d time when
nearly all produce markets are inactive
and industries unusually dull, the dis
turbance affected values much less than
might have been expected.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
LIVELY AT WASHINGTON.

The Day Full of Exci'eme~t and Sur
prises to Public Men. , y
WASHINGTON, Dec. 2l.--It has been
= day Of excitement and surprises in
Washington. Events moved with
rapidity and when the sun went down
public men in all branches of the serv-
Ice were nervous and worn out from
the tention. Reports came Of panic IN
securities throughout the country and
here in Washington affairs moved at
the rapid pace Of the Kaleidoscope. The
house Venezuelan commission bill was
amended in material respects by the
senate foreign relations committee ana
then by sudden change in sentiment
in the senate was passed unanimously
Just as it came from the house.
At tho other end Of the avenue tho
president and his cabinet received
prompt advices Of the course of events
here and On the public exchanges. The
cabinet sat two sessions,
Something Without Precedent
in recent years. The financial situation
was the principal topic of consideration
and the result of the meeting was re-
vealed in the message sent to the senate
late in the afternoon, the body being
kept in session by request of the White
House for it's reception.
The message was not favorably re-
ceived in the senate. The summary
adjournment upon the motion OF Sena-
tor Cockrell, one Of the Democratic
leaders, Immediately after the conclu-
sion of the reading of the message was
taken on the Republican side as dis
position not to consider the message Sc
riously. Mr.. Cockrell declined to define
his motion or to discuss the question OF
the propriety Of the suggestion.
To Investigate President Adams.
MADISON, Wis, Dec. 21.--General
Fairchild, chairman Of the board Of Wis.,
itors of the university, appointed as a
committee to investigate the charges
made by Oscar E. Peterson, superin'
tendent of schools Of Winnebago county
against President G. T. Adams of the
university, r. H. Halsey, chairman,
Oshkosh; Horace Ruble, Milwaukee
Mrs. Mary Walmsley, Eau Claire; B. K.
Miller, Milwaukee,, and Professor G,
W. Beck. Platteville.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
OF SHORT DURATION.
Chicago Bankers Don't Consider the
Present Flnrry Serious.

Chicago Bankers Don't Consider tho
Present Flurry Serious.
CHICAGO, Dec. 2l.--Every banker in
Chicago looks for the end of this furry
by 4Ss hours at latest.
"I have no doubt said William r..
Baker, president OF the board of trade,
that the English premier has given
the tip to draw gold from America. 1t
il the only way England can fight
this country single handed, and our
deplorahle currency laws invite this
mode Of attack"
p. ID. Armour is not worried by the
New York panic. He calls it senseless
to start with and declares that in his
belief it will be Of only short duration.
He SO cabled to London Oh inquiry
from there
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
The Hause Did Nothing.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 21.-The session
of tho house was purefy-a perfunctory
affair. The speaker was ready to an.
nounce the committees and the house
was ready to adjourn for the holiday
recess but the fact that the senate had
not yet acted on the bill for the ap-
pointment of the Venezuelan commits
SION forced the house. after waiting an
hour and q half for the senate to act, to
adjourn.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
THE TAILORS WILL WIN.

Forty Govt ractors Want Their Men to
Return.
New YORK, Dec. 2l.---A meeting Of
the executive committee of the Broth
erhood of Tailors was held during the
evening. 1t was announced that about
40 contractors had signed application
blanks for the return of their men.
Many of the members Of the brother
hood believe that this is the beginning
Of the end Of the strike.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
Tho Floors Collapsed.

MINNEAPOLIS, Dec. 2l.-The third
floor of the Palace clothing house col
lapsed under heavy load of wall
paper belonging to A. H. Ranney, and
fell through to the basement. Gale
Walters, clerk for the Palace, was in
stantly killed, and several others had
miraculously narrow escapes from
1noth
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
Senate Favorable to Silver.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 81. The first sill
YER vote in the senate has just been
taken. It was on a motion to refer to
the finance committee Aliens resolution
directing an inquiry into the advisa-
bility of opening the minis to free COIN
age in view Of the strained relations
over Venezuela. The motion was de-
feated--ayes, "a; nays, 36, the silver
men voting nay. The resolution was
then adopted.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
Was Ridden by Raider Morgan.

VERSAILLES, Ky, Dec. 81. Morgan,
the. oldest equine survivor Of the Civil
War, died here, aged about 81 years.
He was ridden by General John H
Morgan, the famous Confederate raider,
who left him hero in 1862. His owner,
James W. Smith, cashier Of the Harris
Seller Banking company, utilized him
as family horse until few months
ago. 49,. ..
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
The Double Hanging Postponed.

HELENA, Mon, Deco 1.-The hanging
in this city, for which invitations had
been issued by Sheriff Jurgens, has been
declared off. William Biggerstaff's case
was taken to the supreme court and the
governor respited Bill Gay until Jan.
g. Even if both men should be hanged
in the course Of time, it is not probable
that they will both be executed on the
Same dav. ...
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
American Securities Unsaleabls.

New YORK, Dec. 21.-The Posts
London cablegram says: There was .
severe panic in the Stock Exchange
here during the day. AL American Sc
curities, shares aud bonds alike, are
practically unsalssbls here. '
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
To Investigate President Adams.
Controversy Over . Mine.

DEADwooD, 8. D., Dec. 21.-In a
controversy over mine near Lead City,
John James was shot and mortally
wounded by his son-in- Law, John Stew
art. at Lead City. James had assaulted
Stewart with a heavy rock and was fol.
lowing up the attack, Stewart claims,
when he shot in self defense. Both
men are well known throughout the
Fills
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
Philadelphia Had n Touch of 1t

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 2l.--The hesita-
ton of the last two days in the stock
market has eliminated in a panic.
The foreign sales, estimated anywhere
between 5000 and l25, 900 shares, CON-
ing on the unprepared market, broke
prices instantly and a panic Of the most
serious character followed.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
Thx Wisconsin Central Lines

Thx wisconsin Central Lines
Two fast trains daily between St..
Paul, Minneapolis and Chicago, Mil
waukee and all points in Wisconsin,
making connection In Chicago with
all lines running east and south.
Tickets sold and baggage checked
through to all points in the United
States and Canadian provinces.
For full information regarding
routes, rates, maps, folders, ETC., ad-
dress your nearst ticket agent or
JAS. G.. POND, Gen. Pass. Agt.,
Milwaukee, Wis.
1854
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27
CALLS IT VERY SERIOUS.
lord Salisbury's Son Discusses the Stu.
atior.


. LONDON, Dec. 2L--Lord Crane borne,
the MARQUIS of Salisbury's eldest son,
speaking at Rochester, dwelt on the me-
cessity Of maintaining the strength Of
the navy. It was disquieting, serious
news, he said, that came from America.
He did not admire the tactics Of presi-
Dental elections in America, but it this
was only question Of international
wirepulling. it ,nattered little to Eng
land. Whatever happened, he con.
cluded, the people might be assured
that the present advisers Of the crown
would worthily maintain England's
great reputation. ~ r.
Lord Salisbury, through his private
secretary, said he would probably take
early occasion to express his personal
sentiments tow ard the United States in
some public address from the platform
or at q private dinner.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1895-12-27

n Youn8 MontgomerT to Hang.
ALBANY, Or, Dec. al.-Lloyd Mont.
gomery, who was found guilty of the
murder of his father. mother and Daniel
EcKescber, has been sentenced to hang
on Jan. 81, next r.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1895-11-22
NO EXTENSION.

A great many people have been in the
habit of postponing the payment of their
taxes until the last day in the belief that
there would be an extension of the time,
and for several years past they have not
been disappointed but they had better
keep their eyes open this time.
The proclamation of the governor post
poning the next session of the Legislature
until the second Tuesday in January, in
accordance with the special ordinance
recently adopted by the constitutional
convention, seems to put an end to all
probability that the time in which taxes
may be paid without penalty will be
extended.
There is only one more chance for an
extension, and that is by special ordi-
nance similar to that postponing the next
session of the legislature. This is not
very probable. The country is generally
considered as being in better condition
than for several years past, and the mem
bers of the convention are not likely to
conclude that a postponement is desirable.
Therefore, taxpayers will do we'll to make
arrangements to get their receipts as soon
az possible.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1895-11-22
BUT FEW OF THEM LEFT.

There are many old documents in the
office of the clerk of the court that would
he of more than passing interest if some
body only had the time to hunt them up
and point them out. The attention OF the
reporter was called to one of them ON
Wednesday. 1t was record OF the
names of the old committing magistrates,
in their own handwriting.
Previous to the war we had not only
what answers to our present circuit court /;
but also county courts and magistrate
system. The higher court had the same
jurisdiction as our present circuit court.
The county court had jurisdiction in GER
tain criminal cases and in civil cases up to
a certain sum, and the magistrates had
only authority to commit for trial in
criminal cases. and in civil cases jurisdic-
ton to the amount of $40.
There were 10 or more committing
magistrates in the county, and the law
required then as in the case OF trial
justices now, that each sign his name in
record in the office of the clerk Of court.
The record book to which the attention OF
the reporter was called, dates back to
1871. The usual number of magistrates
were appointed that year; but OF the
whole number not one is living. The
next batch Of appointments was in 1913.
OF these the only survivor is VIM. McGill.
Ofthe appointments of 1850, Thomas Nc
Gill is the only survivor. Peter Garrison
is the only one that is left of the appoint
ments of 1854 and John R. Wallace OF
1858. The only survivor of the next ap-
pointment year, 1860, is Judge I. D. With
erspoon. After 1860, the record does not
show up another batch of appointments
until 1866, and the only survivor OF that
year is w. B. Williams.