The daily morning journal and courier., 1895-04-23
 NET IRI U1EPH OF s SURGERY.


 JuguIar Veins May Now be Removed With
 out Injury-Exceedingly Difficult and
 Delicate Operations Performed-smallei
 Veins Do the Work of Removed Jugu-
 lars.
 The jugular vein is nearly an inch ir
 diameter. A man will speedily bleed
 to death if it Is suddenly opened Yet
 modern surgery has so progressed that six inches of the vein may be removed
 and the person operated on may live for years without feeling the loss. The
 vein lies directly underneath the great
 muscle on the side of the neck which shows so prominently in an athlete when he turns his head. Except in a very fleshy person, cut of half an inch In depth will readily reach it.. | The removel of a piece of the jugular Is 1ustifable in case of large abcess, tumor or growth of any kind on the neck or of the inflammation of the walls of the vein and the tissue about it. The latter is very rare. Unlike the removal of the veriform appendix, the removal of the jugular will never become a fad" Seldom indeed is there any need of it.
 There are great number of nerves in the region of the jugular. To cut one of them is serious. For instance, the nerve which lies next to the vein, con- trols the functions of speech and res- piration. These nerves intersect each other like rivers, highways and railroads on very small map. To cut a piece of the jugular is somewhat like putting your pencil down on this map when you are blindfolded without touching riv- CT, a highway or 0 railroad. But the surgeon knows the exact location of each little shining nerve, each little vein, from long study, and his scalpel is sharp and his touch is sure.
 The flesh and tissue are cut away and the vein is lifted up clear of both, look Ing like a full hose when the water is turned on, while all the time the great muscle is held apart by forked steel hooks something like sugar tongs. A pair Of clamps shaped like blunt scis- sors, with rough surfaces is fastened just above the point where the upper cut is to be made. Suddenly the tube collapses, just as the hose does when the water is turned off, for the output of blood from the brain has been shut off. A second pair of clamps is fasten- ed just below here the second cut is to be made. Next two strips of catgut or of fine silk are tied tightly around just above the upper pair of clamps and just below the lower pair, and all that Is left to- do is to cut out the interven- ing piece. The whole operation is per- formed by the skillful hands of two or three surgeons more quickly than it is told.
 In three months time the catgut or the silk, according to a writer in the New York World, will have been assim- Hated into the system, 8 blood clot will have formed at the inlet of the vein at the base of the head, and what was once the walls of the vein will have become a. useless tube, which will also be gradually assimilated, while tissue will form in it's place.
 But how does the impure blood from the brain now find it's way back to be purified? is the question that is natural ly asked. Just here is where nature as- serts her versatility, adaptaIbility and She. makes the jugu- lar on the other side of the neck and the numerous smaller veins do the work, and they do 1t so satisfactorily that the patient never knows the differ ence.
 The first operation for the removal