davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-05-29
Sweet Potato Experiments.

Experiments with the sweet pOta %
that have been conducted at the Georgia
experiment station are described in It's
Bulletin No 25. Below is a summary of
the conclusions arrived at:
1. A compound of 800 pounds acid
phosphate, 800 pounds cotton seed meal,
and $40 pounds kainit, in all l. 800
pounds per acre, secures the best results
as a fertilizer Possibly the amount of
kainit could be reduced to 400 pounds
with advantage. The cost would approx
innate S11.3 80.
2. Cotton seed meal is preferable to
nitrate of soda as a source Of nitrogen
3. Kainit is preferable to muriate of
potash as source of potash.
4. Florida soft phosphate appears to be
equally as valuable as acid phosphate,
the difference, if any, being rather in it's
favor. 1t is cheaper than acid phos-
phate, but not sufficiently SO, and is very
movement to handle. 1t can only be
classed as promising and worthy of
further trial.
S. Ridge culture pays if the season is
wet one; it does not pay in dry sum-
mer. On the whole, it is not recon-
mended.
6. Pinching or pruning the vine
periodically during the summer is a
deleterious practice, and should be aban-
doned.
7. Loosening the vines to prevent
them from roofing during the season is
also injurious. Possible in very wet
year it might prove beneficial.
8. Eighteen inches in the row is still
recommended as the proper distance for
setting draws or slips.
8. Putting two slips or draws to the
hill appears to produce more potatoes,
but the result needs confirmation.
10. The heaviest ylelder appears to be
White ST. Domingo.
II. The best potato in point of quality
is the Georgia yam, but it is unproduc-
tive.
II, The best combination potato is
probably the Tennessee yam. 1t is ex.
celent quality and quite productive,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-05-29

over night in lukewarm water. The hills
are six feet apart, and six seeds are
dropped in every hill. When the young
plants have become too large for the
cutworm, which is their deadliest
enemy, they are thinned out until only
two are left in each hill. 1t is necessary
to keep the crop clean, first with the
pillow then with the cultivator, and now
and then the hoe is used to draw little
soil around them. No work is necessary
after the plants have attained a height of
two feet, unless after a long rain the
earth is loosened with cultivator.
The beans ripen late in July and early
August. After the ripening a horse and
slide are brought into play and driven
between the rows, when the pod bearing
spikes are clipped off. They are
promptly gathered when the pods turn
a chocolate color, lest the beans pop from
the pods and be lost, and hauled to the
bean shed. This is much like the old
time threshing floor, twenty or thirty
feet square, we'll exposed to the sun. On
this wellcleaned floor the spikes are
spread aud turned over until all the
beans have dropped out. Then the
husks are scraped away, the beans
famed and winnowed of chaff, and
bagged. A new supply is then gathered,
since the plants continue to bear and
mature their seeds until frost, period
of several months. An open shed is bet
ter than an unprotected floor, as the
beans would be ruined by getting wet,
and in case of threatening weather they
are raked into heap, and covered with
heavy tarpaulins. A machine was in
vented to shell the beans, but the farm
ers have realized that in the process
many beans were bruised and mashed
giving them a second rate market value
The average yield is twenty to thirty
| five bushels per acre, and one bushel O.
seed yields from six quarts TO gallon O
castor oil.
The crop is comparatively new il
Tennessee, and has brought good returns
wherever raised. The plant has very
vigorous stem, round and hollow, and
from four to seven feet in hight. The
leaves grow on foot-stalks, and are
smooth and of bluishgreen color The
bean is small and oval, gray or ash col
LO
flowers appear in June and July.-F.
Chandler, Tennessee, in American Agri-
culturist.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-05-29

bed with double mould board plow In
this furrow deposit the cane.
PLANTING CANE.
In planting the sugar cane one con-
tinuous stalk (and two, if the land be
very fertile) should be deposited in an
open furrow and securely covered. In
the fall this covering should be several
inches thick and the land should be we'll
drained. Early in the spring the extra
soil used in covering should be removed
in order to secure early termination, for
the sooner the cane st .rts in the spring
the greater maturity in the fall, and
therefore the richer in sugar, After the
termination of cane there is pc. iOd of
apparent rest, when the young sprout
undergoes multiplication several times
by "tillers" or suckers" This process
of "tillering" being over, the cane, the
season being favorable, grows with great
rapidity. During tillering the harrow
or pillow should be used only to stir the
soil and with great care. When growth
ensues the work of cultivation should be
rapid and thorough, to be completed by
clay by,"when the cane has reached a
size which will eventually shade the
ground and prevent the growth of weeds
or grass.
CULTIVATION AND FERTILIZATION.
That cultivation found best for corn
will generally suit sugar cane and sor-
ghum. Both crops require thorough
drainage. The conditions necessary for
growing successfully these crops may
be summarized as follows. Thorough
and deep preparation of the soil, Guilt
walton rapid and as shallow as the soil
will permit, and clay by hen the
growth shades the ground. Rows vary
ing from five to seven feet are now gen.
orally adopted. The fertilizer for cane
should contain enough heterogeneous
matter to insure a large growth by Sep
TENDER. An excess should be avoided
as detrimental to large sugar content.
Pnosphoric acid in a soluble form is
everywhere beneficial to cane, while
potash may be demanded upon light
sandy soils.
Experiments have shown that the linn
it's of profit in the use of fertilizers are
between twentyfour and forty-eight
pounds of nitrogen and forty to eighty
pounds of phosphoric acid
These ingredients are cheaplv fur
nished in the forms of cotton seed or
cotton seed meal and acid phosphate.
The following mixture per acre has
been found very efficient under cane.
viz: Six hundred pounds cotton seed
meal, three hundred pounds of acid
phosphate. Instead of this meal cotton
seed may be used at the rate of three to
one of the meal (circa).
The above may seem excessive to
many, but may be reduced at will-but
with favorable seasons on soils in good
filth, all of the above will be utilized.
Crops of thirty to thirty-five tons of
cane per acre are frequently obtained in
South Louisiana, and may be secured
elsewhere.
noc%o~ 0.1 Poo~ N,,J4rro
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-05-29

it depends later for it's sustenance.
Abundant tillering is an evidence of
thriftiness and an index to increased
root development, is largely regulated
by fertility of soil, weather and thick
ness of stand. Since tillering is a neces-
sary function of the cane, it is unwise
to plant so thick as to prevent healthy
development of this function. Even at
best a large mum Der of suckers perish in
the battle for life between June and
October. 1t is therefore waste to
plant too heavily of cane. Numel Gus
experiments have shown that two con-
tinuous stalks of good canes are album
dant on any soil; even one may give
excellent results.
PRESERVING CANE FOR SEED
The question of greatest Importance
to a sugar planter, is the preservation
of cane for seed during the winter.
Cane must be planted in the fall-or
must be preserved carefully in windows
or "mats" through the winter for spring
planting Upon nigh, we'll drained soils
fall planting may be practiced with
success. 1t should be borne in mind
however, that tall planted cane should
be covered from three to four inches
deep with well pulverized earth. 1t is
customary in the sugar district to run
a heavy roller over it, after planting, tC
firmly press the soil against the cane
Cane may be lost from either wet or dry
rot. The former will occur when toe
much moisture exists IN the soil and the
latter when too little In open, clOddy
land, especially during dry fall and
winter, dry rot sometimes occurs de
spite precautions against it. 1t is never
safe to plant cane in the fall upon low
and undrained soils, nor in cloddy, dry
lands (unless seasonable rains prevail.
When fall planting is not done the seec
must be preserved for the spring. lr
South Louisiana this is now almost uni
versally done, in windows. The cane
with all it's adherent leaves and trash is
cut at the ground and thrown into the
open furrow between the rows, the tops
covering the butts In such manner
that when the windrOw is completed
nothing but the leaves of the cane are
visible. Two four horse turn plows,
one right-handed, the other left-handed,
throw burrows over this windrow, com
pletely covering it, Hoes follow, filling
in the inequalities of the soil. The
quarter drains are carefully opened and
the windrow is completed. When plant
ing begins in the spring the same plows
now remove the dirt, and by the aid OF
mattocks or picks the cane is withdrawn
from the row. Vertical mats are found
in low, wet ground, but upon high lands
horizontal ones are best. These are
made by digging out the soil to the
depth of one or two feet and in this pit
the cane is placed so that the tops will
everywhere cover and protect the
stalk; after filling to the proper height
dirt is thrown over the entire pile. In
the spring the pile is broken down and
cane planted.
PREPARATION OF THE LAND.
Since cane is such moisture loving
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-05-29

Since cane is such moisture loving
plant, great care must be exercised to
protect it against drouths 1t also is a
gross feeder and requires large quanti-
ties of readily avail able food material in
the upper layer of this soil. 1t disdains
"wet feet" and will not thrive in badly
drained soils. Therefore al! soils should
be deeply and we'll prepared, properly
MANFRED and thoroughly drained. Two
to eight horse plows are used for break
ing, de- lending upon the character of the
SOIL 1t is best when practicable to flush
the land first, then bed into rows five to
seven feet wide five feet preferred in
good landl and open the center of each
The morning call., 1895-02-27
INDIAN FIGHTERS PENSIONS.
CoNQUERORS OF THE RED MEN ON
THE PACIFIC COAST TO BE
REMUNERATED.
LITTLE DOUBT THAT CONGRESS
WILL Pass THE CLAIMS OF
VOLUNTEERS.

TACOMA, Wash. Feb. 26.-Private infor-
nation has been received here in a letter
from Washington City that the present
Congress will, beyond doubt, pay the In
dian War pensions bills. This measure
grants to all survivors of the Indian wars
prior to 1882, and from 1912 to 1856, pen
sion of $8 month for thirty days service
or longer.
Every feature of the bill has been care
fully discussed and the Committees on
Pensions of both houses are committed to
the bill There are in this State, it is con-
servatively estimated, 1000 persons who
will be entitled to pensions under this act,
while in Oregon there are at least double
that number.
During the Indian War of 1855 and 1856,
which extended practically from California
to and including Puget Sound, consider
able force of volunteers was engaged.
Hardly man residing in the district
named but bore arms and was enrolled in
one of the several volunteer regiments.
There-were Indian wars in California dur
ing the time specified, so the number of
claimants there will also be large. Pension
attorneys are elated over the news.
The morning call., 1895-02-27
THE HOLDING OF NATIONAL
CONVENTIONS IN
CALIFORNIA,
SENATORS AT SACRAMENTO. IN
D0RSING TIE CALLS"
PROPOSITION.
LEGISLATORS FAVOR 1T.
THE SENTIMENT UNANIMOUS THAT
SAN FRANCISCO Is ~THE
PLACE.

SACRAMENTO, Feb 26.-The Federal Re-
lations Committee of the Senate decided to
report favorably on a joint resolution, in
viting the national conventions to meet in
California in 1896.
There is not member in the Legisla-
ture but earnestly sympathizes with the
CALL in it's efforts to get the national con-
ventions of 1896 to meet in San Francisco
Hatfield of Sacramento early in Febru-
airy introduced joint resolution outlining
| the claims OF the Pacific States to the con-
ventions. Itwas urged that the delegates
from the Western States had every year
been obliged to cross the Rockies to attend
to their political duties. The many at
fractions that were held forth to Fasteners
were alluringly depicted and the propriety
of such step shown conclusively
The resolution provided tiiat notices
should be sent to the Governors of the
various States and Territories west of the
Rocky Mountains of the desire of the Cali
fornia Legislature. Each of the Gov
ernors would then be requested to appoint
COluIuISSlOA W 1u6cG d SlmlldT
sion from California at San Francisco.
This conference would result in the
choice of the city best fitted for holding the
convention.
Of course, San Francisco is the only city
that could be considered. This was the
idea expressed on all sides when the reso-
luton was introduced.
1t was recognized as a matter of interest
to all California, though, and not dis
senting voice was raised against the meas
ure when it came up for action Indeed
dozen men from various parts of the
State took the floor to support the plans.
1t was unanimously adopted and for
warded to the Senate, which referred it to
the committee, which took the favorable
action stated above.
There can be no mistaking the attitude
of the members of the Legislature on this
important question.
The morning call., 1895-02-27
JREAT NORTHERN RAILROAD
PLANS EXTENSION
SOUTHWARK.
VALLEJO INCENDIARIES ATTEMPT
TO DESTROY VALUABLE
PROPERTY.
SWORD DUEL AT SPOKANE,
FATAL ACCIDENT TO A SAN FRAN
CISCO MERCHANT'S WIFE
AT SONOMA.

TACOMA, Feb. 26.-It is announced here
by men claiming to know that the Great
Northern Railway is preparing as rapidly
as possible TO extend its coast line from
Seattle south TO Tacoma and Portland. At
the latter city it is TO connect with the
Southern Pacific for San Francisco,
-Four large tracts of land north of Ia
coma and not far from the Puget Sound
shore have been purchased by Great
Northern agents within two weeks, indi-
eating that the extension will follow the
shore line chosen four years ago by Union
Pacific engineers, instead of route
through the valleys paralleling the North
ern Pacific.
Three years ago President Hill of the
Great Northern purchased a half interest
in the Union Pacifics half-graded line be-
tween Tacoma and Portland, which was to
cross the Columbia River over a great
bridge at Vancouver. At that time Presi-
dent Hill said he would endeavcr TO get
control of the line, and that when he came
to use 1t he would change the route in
some places in order to secure lower grades.
President Hill is now in England arrang-
ing to place $10,00O,0 900 of bonds. If he
succeeds, as is expected, his main line will
be built to Tacoma inside of eight months
and to Portland within year.
Letters from President Hill explaining
what he had accomplished and giving
directions as to what shall be done here
are expected on the Sound within a week.
BY the shore line the distance from Seattle
to Tacoma is thirty-five miles, and Port
land is 140 miles farther.
Two years ago Frank G. Ross, q local
speculator, endeavored to build a railroad
around Browns Point, across the bay, and
actually secured the assistance OF the Puy-
allup Indians, who own the land, in so
doing.
AT the request of the Indian Department,
Government troops were sent here and
stopped the work. AT that time it was
openly stated that the rails and ties were
to be furnished by the Great Northern.
The plan to build a railroad along the
eastern shore of the harbor to secure an
interest in the Tacoma tide lands and prob
ably the Puyallup reservation lands, soon
to be sold, is now known to a certainty to
be part of the Great Northerns pro-
gramme.
The morning call., 1895-02-27

ing for the Ukiah asylum, also appropriate
ing funds for new buildings and reservoir
at the Preston School at lone, were made a
special order for Friday.
The bill known as the Philbrook bill, to
procure freedom of speech in courts of
justice, was read a second time, and on
McGowan's motion was made the special
order for tomorrow.
Hart's bill amending the law governing
the State printing office, with view to re-
ducing the number of men employed and
also providing for securing bids for paper
needed, was passed.
Several important amendments were
made to the Linder county division bill,
and the bill as amended was ordered
printed and put on file for third reading.
One amendment provides that majority
of voters and taxpayers in the district to
be cut off must petition the Governor for
such action, and another provides that not
more than so per cent of the assessed valu-
alton of the county can be taken off.
Langford's Joint resolution asking for
Congress to cede Goat Island to the State
for use as a general railroad terminal was
made a special order for Friday next at
$3.50 P. NJ.
The vote by which the bill providing for
disestablishment of law libraries was re-
fused passage was reeonsidered and the bill
was passed. The bill appropriating S42O 900
for national guard expenses went to third
reading.
Seawell's bill fixing the hours of labor in
logging camps was made the special order
for Wednesday at Pm
The morning call., 1895-02-27
Il SEATTLE INTESTIGATIoN.
Puget Sounds Inspector of HulLs Ac-
ctsed of Sharp Practice,

Hu9et S0hnd'S inspector of HtEtLS DC
cused of Sharp Practice.
SEATTLE, Wash, Feb. 26.-Supervising
Inspector John Birmingham began an in
vestigation of the charges filed by Harbor
No. 16 of the Masters and Pilots Associa-
ton against w. ]. Bryant, Inspector of
Hulls for this district
Inspector Birmingham refused to allow
the prosecution to be represented by an at
torney or to allow the harbor representa-
tive to cross-examine witnesses. The
charges are to the effect that Bryant is ar
bitrary and unreasonable in his rulings
that he uses his position to further his own
interests; that he uses his official position
to sell life-preservers and other supplies
and to secure insurance contrary to law :;
that he rides and eats on steamers without
payment, and that the captains are afraid
to charge him through fear that he will in
lure their business; that he refuses licenses
to those he dislikes and issues them to in
competent men.
The evidenceiaken to-day tended to prove
the charges. The harbor men will make a
united effort tomorrow to compel Inspec-
tor Birmingham to allow them to be repre-
sented by an attorney, as they claim that
1t is the custom
The morning call., 1895-02-27
CEMETERY BILL DIES.
Gicen It's 0uietus bU the Commit,
Which RecontAse ended It's Defeat

Given It's Ouietus by the COMMITTEES,
Which Recommended It's Defeat.
SACRAMENTO, Feb. 26.-The San Fran
cisco delegation did some thorough over
hauling of its bills to-day. They recon-
mended for passage the appropriation of
500, GOO for a State hospital, to be built at
San Francisco. They also recommended
the bill abolishing the Home of the Inebri-
ates and giving the Supervisors power to
establish such an institution. minority
reported against the bill. Those signing
this report were J. ]. Wilkinson, Zocchi,
Dewitt, Boothby and Lewis.
minority of the committee opposed
the measure, and will fight it in the House.
Those who prepared the minority report
are Powers (chairman), Bettman, Boothby,
Ewing and Merrill.
The cemetery bill was also given its
quietus. The bill provides that no more
burials shall be allowed inside the corpor-
ate limits after January 1, 1900. 1t was re-
ported back with the recommendation that
it do not pass.
The morning call., 1895-02-27
ASSEMBLY NIGHT SESSIONS.
Legislators Decide to Push Ihr ouqh the
York ON Hand

Legislators Decide to Push Thr ough the
York on Hand.
SACRAMENTO, Feb. 26.-From now on the
Assembly will meet day and night. A res
olution was adopted to-day establishing
evening sessions for every night except
Sunday. As the most important bills of
the House are to be considered at the even
ing sessions this will prevent the San Fran
cisco members from making their usual
Saturday afternoon trips to their homes
An attempt was made to bring San Fran
cisco under the provisions of the proposed
act to change the fees of county and town.
ship officers. Such strenuous objection
was raised, though, that the amendment
which Reid of Trinity wanted to tack on
was voted down. The bill affects the Off
GERS of all other counties than San Fran
cisco. 1t has aroused much interest, and
many amendments were offered. Those
adopted were presented by Dodge, Reid,
Weyse and Wade.
Cutters resolution to establish evening
The morning call., 1895-02-27
Suis.n Train Fired On.

SU1sUN, Feb. 26.-Last evening as the
local passenger train from San Francisco
was short distance this side of Army
Point the occupants of the third passenger
coach were startled by crashing of glass
and the fainting of one of the women pas
sengers. Upon investigation it was found
that shot either from rifle or pistol
had been fired from the outside, and a
piece of glass from the broken window had
struck the woman in the face, causing her
to faint The matter was reported to the
officers at Suisun
The morning call., 1895-02-27
Los ANGELES TELEGRAPH CASE.
Decision for the Postal Company Sms-
t0ined b,f the Court of ADnenLs

tt0tItctD OU tTI0 CUtNIt u Il UVeUtSs
Los ANGELES, Feb. 26. - The United
States Court of Appeals to-day dismissed
the appeal of the Western Union Tele-
graph Company, taken from the decision
of Judge Ross, District Judge for the
Southern District of California, in favor of
the Postal Telegraph Cable Company.
Under the decision of Judge Ross the
Postal Company was given the right of
way OF the Atlantic and Pacific Railway
Company in California. The Western
Union claimed an exclusive right to main
tain its telegraph lines on the right of way
in question, but the dismissal of its appeal
leaves Judge Ross decision final.
The morning call., 1895-02-27
SwoRD CONTEST AT SPOKANE.
Il Sporting Ercnt That Terminated il, a
Duel.

SPOKANE, Wash, Feb. g. = a fierce
sword contest took place here last night
between Charles A. Scapelli and John d.
Moore, rival leaders of two Italian fac
tions OF the city. The contest was for 5000
a side.
The men are far from being friendly, and
they fought as if they meant to kill. The
former soon disarmed Moore and was
awarded the contest. Moore took his de-
feat with bad grace, and by his taunts and
those of his friends in the audience he
succeeded in enraging Scapelli to the point
that they again crossed swords TO fight to
finish.
The two rival factions cheered their
leaders and shouted to them to fight to
KILL and they undoubtedly were trying to
kill each other when the police, who had
been hastily summoned, appeared on the
scene and stopped the fight
The morning call., 1895-02-27
Stockton Has a REFORM Ware.

STOCKTON, Feb. 26- = The Lexow, or
municipal reform craze, has struck Stock
ton and tonight meeting was held at the
Presbyterian church, the object being to
express sympathy for the efforts of San
francisco reform organizations and other
supporters of the Waymire bill. Speeches
were made by several ministers and a tele-
gram offering moral support will be sent
10 the San Francisco committee to-mor-
row.
The morning call., 1895-02-27
THE Fat FEES Bill.
Toner Introduces a Measure in the Senate
Which the Assenblu Killed.

SACRAMENTO, Feb. 26.-One of the last
bills to be introduced in the Senate was
measure by Senator Toner, to repeal the
fee bill which Senator Fay succeeded in
having enacted as law two years ago.
Toner'S bill is a bad one 1t is identical
with that introduced in the Assembly bv
Reid of Trinity, and which has been killed
there. II the bill should pass it would
open up the old avenues of extortion and
make the Sheriff's Office worth $4,000 or
so q wear