Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1895-03-07
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

coal for 1894 was Al, SOL 109 tons against
43,0s9, ,535 tons in 1893, decrease OF
l,69s,337 tons, equal to nearly per
cent.
The total production of pig iron in
the United States during 1894 was
6,657,SSS tons, against 7,124 502 tons in
1893, decrease CT 6l1 per cent. This
is the smallest output of any year
since 1888.
The total production of copper in
the United States in 1894 was 159,62S
tons, against 142, 4S0 tons in 1893, gain
of IL per cent. The total exports from
this country in 1894 were 76,2s7 tons,
against SO, 302 tons in 1893.
The railways in Iowa represent,
on their mileage in that state alone,
an investment Of S3l7,6l9,0 900. OF this
amount $l49, 49i, 900 is in capital stock,
which is held by 3l,521 stockholders of
whom only 613 reside in Iowa, and
whose holdings aggregate only $780,
000
1t seems likely that one of the
most important benefits to civilization
Of Stanley's African expedition will be
the introduction of African mahogany
to western commerce. There is even
now fourishing trade in this wood,
which is sold more cheaply in the
United States than it formerly was in
Liverpool.
AS result of the examination of
four thousand eyes, DR.. Miles, of
Bridgeport, Conn, found that sixty
five per cent. required glasses. The
women and girls far exceed the men
and boys. The period during which
the people have the most trouble with
their eyes is between twenty and
thirty.
1t is to the manner in which differ
ent colors are absorbed or reflected by
body that its color is due. If white
light falls upon red rose bush the
red alone is reflected from the flower,
the other colors being absorbed. The
green leaves, on the other hand, alb
sorb the red entirely, and re fleet nearly
all the green light, A rose in green
light Or leaf in red light would APP
pear absolutely black, for in each case
the light which the object can reflect
Is absent.
The question to what extent the
pneumatic tire, so familiar on bicycles,
will be adopted on the wheels of other
vehicles is one of considerable interest.
According to London scientific
journal for cabs and broughams in
English cities the rubber tire, with an
iron hoop outside, is steadily growing
in favor, and thousands of them are
seen. Since, even on the smooth wood
and asphalt pavements of London the
rider knows at once whether his han
som has elastic or rigid tires, the con-
trast must be still more marked on
macadamized roads or streets paved
with granite or cobble-stones
An English physician calls atten-
tion to means of keeping pneumonia,
colds, chills and all the ailments that
cold weather brings on, at a distance.
Deep and forced respirations, he says,
will keep the entire body in a glow in
ule COlueSt Weather, no IHdJler now
thinly one may be clad. He was him
self half frozen to death one night, and
began taking deep breaths and keep
ing the air in his lungs as long as pos
sible. The result was that he was
thoroughly comfortable in few min
utes. The deep respirations, he says,
stimulate the blood current by direct
muscular eXertion, and cause the entire
system to become pervaded with the
rapidly generated heat.
The financial status of the imperial
railways of Austria is for the first time
set forth in the budget of 1895. Accord
ing to this official document the cost of
establishing 4,235 miles of railway is
represented by capital of 1 1900, 900
florins, say $40, 100000, an average of
about S1o3, 900 per mile. The operation
of this system will give, at budget
valuations, for 1895 an estimated net
profit of $l1, 1854, 900, or about 3-5 per
cent on the capital The purchase of
the railways from the old companies,
however, imposes upon the state an
annual charge of $l5, ,652, 900 for interest
and extinguishment of title.