Frederick citizen., 1895-02-22

different standpoints, are viewed to-
gether through two lenses, which COM
bine the pictures into q single image,
giving the impression of solidlty or re-
lief For the same purpose Duros du
Hauron, Frenchman, has devised
what he calls the dndgtyph. The two
photographs are similarly slightly diff
ferent, but, instead of being mounted
side by side, they are printed one over
the other, one in red aud the other in
blue. The result is confused blur,
which, on being viewed through
pair of spectacles cont aiming blue and
. red glass, bee jnes perfect picture
in black, every feature of which stands
out IN Did relief. The second process
derton, of London. who employed po-
larized light instead of colprs. Tnls
tight passes through certain crystals
only when they are turned at "A certain
angle, and when two crystals turned
at different angles are used as specta-
cles, the two pictures each thrown ON
screen by the kind of light that will
pass through ouly one of the crystals,
are seen as single one in solid relief.
The phenomena of history, says Mr.
J. w. Powell, in Science, are studied
from five great classes OF records, which
may be called the Stone Book, the
Rum Book, the Tomb Book, the
Folk Book, aud the Scripture Book.
From these scources are derived the
materials to be used in discovering and
formulating the developement of the
industries, pleasures, languages, ihsli-
tutiOns and opinions of mankind. The
Oldest of these the Stone Book, or ge-
olugic record, ofi-rs but meagre tale.
but iIs postscript devoted To mankind
contains facts Of profound Interest.
Strasburger, an authority on vegetable
biology, fluids Transportation 10 have
much effect on the size aud shape of
plant leaves, aud deduces the general
law, that the more sunlight and the
drler the atmosphere the thicker and
smalle the leaves will be.
Seasickness is usually believed To be
due TO au influence upon the circula-
tion in the brain produced 10y the os-
cillation of the ship, tut this theory. al
though accounting for the gastric syulp-
toms, does not explain all cases. Symp-
toms of the mak.dy are reported by Ru-
benstein TO have been often noticed
In some persons when the sea was calm
and the vessel steady. These cases are
attributed 10 irritation of the retina by
reflection of the sunshine from the
water, the irritation being transmitted
to the brain provoking the we'll known
symptOus. The trouble has been avoid
Ell by turning the back to the sun.
The symptoms of seasickness have
been experienced also in snow fields
and on desert sands, gray or blue spec
tacles being the means by which relief
is afforded.
That the separate sexes Of flowers is
mere question of nutrition, Ms first
suggested by an American butauist
some twenty years ago, is now the ac-
cepled doctrine Of boIanists, according
to The Independent. 1t appears that
whether flower is finally male or fe-
tiOn available, or the young germ Is
capable OF assimlatiug, at or about the
period of fecundatlUu. Female flowers
form only when the highest nutritive
powers exist; male flow ers, only when
the nutrltive conditions are the least
favorable. A young feltilized germ
may, therefore, become male or female
according to circumstances. Even So
hiUllx- "A l..
the ainent, or calkln. is found to have
female organs among the males when
the nutritIve conditions are favorable.
aud II has been recently noted in AM
erica that flowers of both sexes have
been found in catkins of poplar,
while ali Engllsh observer records the
same occurrence in the catkins of the
common hazel. Similar phenomena are
well Known IN Indian corn, where
grain Is not uncommon among the
male flowers forming the "tassel.n
In C@sar's time the aurocb, or Euro
pean bison, existed in great numbers
throughout Central Europe, but IN
1872 the species had been redcued TO a
herd OF h2S, confined to one forest uu-
der Russian protection. DIR. Radde.
late traveller on the eastern shore of the
Black Sea, estimates that this herd has
now dwindled To 80 or go, and foresees
that the animal, the largest of existing
European quadrupeds, viii become ex-
tiuct within fifty years. All ATTEMPTS
at domestication have resulted in fail
ure.
The MODERN conception Of the uni
verec Itself Is based ou the m1lecule.
This is the smallest mass iutO which a
substance is capable of being subdlvid-
ed without changing its chemical ua-
ture; but in compounds the molecule
itself Is divisible into the ultimate par
ticles-knOwn as atoms-of The constIt-
uent elements. Every material body
consists of these molecules, separated
often by distances that are vast IN COM
parisou with their own magnitudes.
aud endowed with rapid aud ceaseless
motion. Mol, cules must ever remain
invisible, il--as Sir William Thomson
calculated quarter of Il century ago
their sizes are limited between l-25O,-
OOO, OOO and 1-5O0, 0OO,0OO of an inch.
Ruled lines somewhat closer than /
1905 Of al inch have been resolved
under the microscope, but much more
Is not TO be expected, as the difficulties
with high p0wers increase tO u much
greater degree than the minuteness of
the objects seen. The motion of mole
cules in gases is uncontined aud easily
demonstrated, but in liquids-not to
mention solids-the PARTICLES are held
together by the power Of cohesion, aud
appear inert. Yet the motion Of fluid