The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1895-01-25

slmlner.-AtchisoR Globe.
HOW PINS ARE MADE.
Process of Manu- ia ture Of u Useful Do
s*zs%.sss"" .e.' 70 nestle Article. ~ ''< d,
I Pins are made Of an alloy Of copper and
zine--two parts Of the first and one part Of
the second. The metal is first cast in
ingots in IN iron mold about six feet long,
three inches wide and half us thick These
bars are rolled into sheets about one-eighth
or an inch thick. The pressure Of the
what brittle, and the bars are annealed
or softened by heat and slow cooling
several times while being reduced from
aingOts to sheets. When the sheets have
reached the required thinncss they are
passed through Sitting rolls, which slice
Up the. sheets into rods one,eighth of in
into wire. One end of the rod is pointed
So that it will pass through round
hole in the steel draw plate. A pair
OF powerful nippers grasps the pointed
end OF tho roll, and us the nippcrs are on
g revolving reel, the rod is drawn through
the hole and comes out on the othcr side
tho square rod was: The reel of wire
is annealed, and then drawn through
another smaller hole and this process is
continued, the wire being anncaled each
time until the size required for the pin
is reached.
The metal, though somewhat stiff, is too
SGtt to spring out straight; and as the
the wire is k;nky and set" and must
be Strengthened before it is ready for
the pin-making machine The kinks are
taken out of the wire by pulling it through
series of small Strengthening rolls, with
horizontal nc tn and yer, Vertical rolls alternating
on a large reel, which is hung over the
wonderful pin-making machine.
In this machine the pin is cut from the
wire, headed, pointed, sharpened and pol
ished: It is a complicated. interesting
combination of steel fingers, rollers, cams,
toggle Joints, headers, revolving files and
belts. The wire caught by pair of roll
ers. is drawn forward into the machine
and quick as 4 flash the wire is cut just
the right length; then come two raps
from cam and t0ggle and the head is
on the pin. a steel finger puts the headed
blank on i wheel under the heading dies
and the pointless pin is carried down be-
tween two revolving steel discs. One
OF them rcvolvcs faster than the other so
that the pin is turned around as it travels
forward. Just at this point it comes in
contact with four revolving files, which
point the pin. and then an emery wheel
puts tho first polish on the household
necessity. The pins drop from the ma
chine at the rate of 100 minute, and fast
are taken to the Timing room.
In passing through the pin-making ma
chine the pins become covered with oil
and dirt, and this is removed by putting
them into a revolving iron barrel with
sawdust, where they are tumblcd about
for ten minutes and thoroughly secured.
They are then ready to he timed. For
four hours they are boiled in prepara-
ton of pure tin, and are then washed
with strong soapsuds t. give them
| smooth surface. After another tumb-
ling in the sawdust they are ready to he
stuck into the papers.
The sticking machine is another in
genious piece Of mechanism, for it crimps
the paper and sticks in the pins ut the
which feeds the sticking machine An
inclined steel plate, furrowed with little
runs or channels, leads from the hop
per to the machine. The pins are caught
by revolving steel fingers and pushed for
ward upon the inclined plate into the
runs" The runs converge to a plate
which moves slightly back and forth
off" plate catches the pins, and when the
holes are full a number of little rams
or hammers shove the pins into the crimp
of the paper, which is formed a second
before the pins are stuck in
The more expensive pins are stuck in
thirty to the row and twelve rows to the
paper but the cheaper pins are stuck in
twenty to the row and fourteen rows to
the paper. The sticking machine for the
cheap pins stick 100 rows a minute. The
paper is fed i'll from a roll, and is cut up
to the proper length for paper of pins
| after the pins have been stuck in. These
pins were formerly stuck in papers by
hand. The paper was first creased be-
tween rolls and then the people of the
town or farmer girls would take home a
number of papers with the pins and pass
Z tHc evening sticking in the pins, getting
6 cents for a dozen papers.
Black or mourning pins are made from
iron wire and japanncd. The old form
of pin was made in two parts. The head
was made of two turns of twisted fine
wire, which was pressed upon the shank
under a die. A length of the fine wire
was wound spirally upon steel rod
which was just the size of the pin shank
This long spiral was then cut up into Sec
tons for the head, each section taking
two turns Of the wire. After the heads
had been softened ~by anncaling they
were dumped into a heap before boy,
who. taking a number of pin shanks in
his fingers, plunged them into the heapcd
up heads. Such of the shanks which
caught heads were handed to workman
who put them into Il die and the head
and shank were pressed tightly together
under dropping weight.-Chicago Rec