The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-07-15


they contain from five 70 six times more
OF ammonia and about twice as much
chlorine. After the large dilution the
sewage receives in the river-z,6D gallons
10 lit would be difficult with the most
careful research TO md any trace OF the
sewage matter.
upon which We can base pretty certain
assumption that the river would not be
In any way fOuled by the addition OF the
sewage Of the city.
But 10 be duubiy assured Of the cor
RICHNESS Of our assumption, i would re-
fer 10 a standard axiom which has been
neers Of this country: that flow OF from
80 10 go cubic feet per minute will suf-
nciently dilute the sewage Of one thousand
The average amount Of fresh water
passing IN front Of the city being go, 40
cubic feet per minute, on the basis Of 20
cubic feet for each loo people would be
sufficient 10 dilute the sewage OF $4,000
people. And yet objection Is raised to
our making II the outlet for a present
population Of 50.W0
AS actual experience IS always the most
valuable data TO be found upon which
to base assertions, we may with advant-
age consider the means employed at NIL
Waukee and Chicago for diluting the sew
age in the streams into which they dis
charge so as to render them inoffensive.
At Milwaukee during the dry season,
when the water from the river IS not
sufficient to fully oxidize the sewage in
the stream, they pump water from Lake
Michigan into the river above the sewer
outlet In quantities sufficient TO fully OK
Idle and dilute the sewage.
From actual experience 10 has been
found that a dilution Of thirty-four times
the amount of sewage is sufficient to keep
the stream in a perfectly sanitary condi-
ton.
At Chicago the authorities are construc-
ting Ting works at q cost Of S2S,0ooogO to pro-
vide an outlet for the sewage of the city
based upon the same principle as Mil
wapkee, but they only allow for a dilution
of IS of water to Of sewage
Taking these two illustrations, which are
upon the basis of sewage only diluted to
the extent of 100 S2Ssons per head, we see
that Savannah, with a much more dilute
sewage as base, has a stream which is
able to reach a one hundred times higher
standard than that which the city of
Chicago will reach at such an enormous
outlay, or that laid down as a basis for
sanitary prospecting.
Another point strongly in favor Of the
savannah river as an outlet is the fact of
its being fresh water The latest expert
ments have fully demonstrated beyond
doubt that the organic matter in sewage
is oxidiZed by the action of living bacteria
In the streams into which the sewage
runs. II has also been demonstrated that
these organisms are much more active
in fresh than in salt water. The organic.
matter Will oxidize, dissolve and be dis
seminated much more rapidly in
fresh than in salt water is thus well
established.
From this data we can establish the as
lets, one into a fresh water stream and
one into salt water stream, each of
equal capacity, the preference should be
given to the discharge into fresh water.
Or, If we are given the choice between
large, flowing river of fresh water, where
the oxidizing bacteria are being renewed
and replaced every second of the day, and
a large salt water creek, which has only
tidal influence to renew its waters, Ii
ought not to take much elaboration to
decide in favor of the former, especially
a ~
One word as to the effect of tides. In
the Savannah river the velocity of the
of the flood, caused by the large volume
of fresh water constantly pressing from
above. You thus have a complete change
Of water each tide, In Warsaw river, be-
ing purely tidal stream, you have a
most variable velocity of flow which is
governed almost entirely by the wind,
and instead of having change of water
each tide you have very much the same
water returning as flowed out so far as
the head of the stream is concerned. No
matter how great the velocity of ebb or
how slow the flood, the tides flow back
and forth, and with them, almost the
identical water, depending almost entirely
on the wind for any change
1t may appear an absurd assertion, vet
it is fact that, should the outlet be con-
structed to-Warsaw river, the ultimate di-
luton would be dependent entirely upon
the direction and velocity of the wind
With all this data before us ] do not
think it possible to deny the feasibility
the advantage and the perfect harmless
ness of making our outlet for the sewage
of the city into the Savannah river
The cost OF this plan is also a great
point in its favor Before giving the de-
tailed figures / would like to point out the
advantages of the proposed line down Har-
mon street. in preference to running a sewer
down the line Of the present Bilbo canal
from the outlet at Bolton street If we
were to take the present Bilbo canal we
should have very crooked alignment,
instead OF straight one as proposed.
ground, instead of being well under. The
grade of Gwinnett street would have to be
raised about five or six feet instead of be-
ing undisturbed. 1t would be very difficult
to obtain a foundation for a sewer in the
canal, whilst on Harmon street it will be
excavated to a solid bed. The grade of
the shell road would have to be raised at
the Bilbo ca NAL.
The following are the estimates for the
construction of the proposed sewer in
Hammond street etc. in different sections,
which may be constructed separately, and
If desired, at different times, thus spread
ing the cost over number of years:
99H ,,n lfl po river 1900
Perry lane to Wheaton street .... 8.3S1
Bolton street to Wheaton street -. IT, 424
Bolton street sewer extended .... 5000
Bolton street to Anderson street 49, Il 272
Anderson street to Seventh street - 10 SIG
On Seventh street to Price street - $50
A-inch pipe in Bilbo canal and fill
ing IN ........................... $500
This could very readily be constructed
In three sections: First from the Bolton
street sewer to Perry lane; second. from
Perry lane to the river; third from Bolton
street to Price and Seventh streets. The
cost would then be divided as follows:
SectlOn no. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. .$53 $50
Section No. 2 ........................ Is 305
- SSeAOAi ~. 40
| am convinced that the work could he
done at this time much cheaper than at
any time in the past or with a business
revival, any time in the future
have not mentioned in this report any,
thing of the nuisance of the present RiIho
canal in its offensive and nauseating con-
dition, taking it for granted that the nuis-
ance Is admitted and a remedy desired
| have endeavored to place the advant
ages of my proposed plan fully before
you, together with such data as I have
been enabled to gather bearing on If
and trust il may be of service in heIninS
to decide the city to undertake the work
at an early date.
Before closing let me thank the mern-
bers of the committee for their valuable
suggestions in connection with the Milan
of proposed route, and also for the re-
ports, books, tables. analyses and data
they so kindly obtained for me whilst
preparing this report. Respectfully sub
mitted, PERCY SUGDEN.
Sanitary Engineer.
Savannah, Ca, July LIST, 1S95-ad.
Expert Violin Testing.