The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1895-03-30
DETAILS IN BIG MAPS.
GREAT IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MAX
ING OF EARTH CHARTS.
within Twenty Years the Science Of Map
making Has Taken Grent Strides. So That
Sow Only "a Very Small Portion OF the
Earth Cannot ~. showu


Sow Only "a Very Small Portion OF the
Earth Cannot BE shown.
Good maps are almost necessity OF our
daily lives There are few interests or en-
terprises among civilized peoples which do
not require maps as part OF their work
ing equipment. Within the past 20 years
enormous masses OF new geographic infor-
nation has been collected and 1t is inter
esting to observe the effect Of these fresh
nccumulations upon the maps.
II we know little about a region, IL Is
easy TO make map Of the area on very
small scale. As our knowledge grows, maps
must be made on larger scales ia order to
present the information clearly. OF late
years more facts have been learned concern
ing Africa than any other part Of the world.
Twenty years ago it was useless to make
maps OF most parts OF Africa on scale
larger than 100000 (7S00 miles to the
inch): now we have n map Of that continent
on n scale Of |. 100000 (3i.56 miles to the
inch), and De Lannoy de Bissy, the author
Of that great work. is of the opinion that in
FIVE years more photographers will not be
able to do justice to our knowledge Of At
RIGA on a scale smaller than 10 miles TO the
inch. Considerable parts OF inner Africa
are now mapped on a scale OF from to 10
miles to the inch.
The photographers art has made such
progress within the past 20 years that
those who have any idea how much infor-
motion may now wildly be set forth on a
map are not content to see it show coun-
try merely as a piece of land limited by
political boundaries-they expect to see
the topographic and cultural features &C
curately expressed, and the fact that the
best maps nowadays are made to convey
larger and more varied amount of informa-
tion than formerly has also had the effect
of charging the scale of mapmaking. We
now have maps on scale of 100000 (3.15
miles to the inch) Of nearly the whole Of
Europe, large regions of North America
and parts of Africa and India. More than
two-thirds Of the coast lines OF continents
and important islands have been mapped
on large scale, and parts of South Amer
lea, Australia and n large portion of Asia
have been mapped on scales varying from
to 10 miles to the inch.
One Of the best maps of the United
States for general use is "A German product
and is on the scale of 1870 600 (5s 3s
miles to the inch). The growth of this
} country has given so much information for
photographic use that good map on this
scale is badly crowded with detail The
best general aliases show southern and
central Europe on a scale of not less than
100000 (7.S9 miles to the inch), and even
when finely engraved these maps are very
much crowded, particularly in regions like
the Alps, where detail is infinitely shown.
According to the English geographer, J.
G. Bartholomew. about half of the land
T surface of the globe has already been sur
4 veyed fully or so far that we have an APP
proximately accurate knowledge Of its to-
: biography, while only about one-eighth of
: the land may still be described as unex-
plored The Beene geographical congress
o suggested that all the civilized nations
y should unite in the production of map of
: the world on a scale of about 6miles to the
u inch, and Mr.. Gannett, the geographer OF
our geological survey, says that in the
l. present condition of topographic surveys in
q this country it would be possible to de
n lineate on this scale 100000 square miles
r or q2 per cent of the area of the country
: excepting Alaska.
1t will surprise many people to know
that a considerable part of the remaining
1 s per cent of our area which cannot b'
Z shown, even on this modest scale, lies alons
e our Atlantic coast and includes northern
Maine, the Adirondack plateau in New
York and southern Florida. The remainde
70 of the country Of which so little is ye
ID known that we have not detail suflicien
to fill such n map embraces the Cascad
!" and Coast ranges of Oregon and Washing
ton, the western regions of North an,
o South Dakota, west Texas and southeas
New Mexico.
y The most detailed surveys that have We
- been carried out in this country are thos
m of the coast and geodetic survey. The
= were commenced in 1892 and now includ
IS the whole coast line of the Atlantic and Pa
cfic oceans and the gulf of Mexico, except
he ing that of Alaska. From this survey map
le Of n zone within five miles of the coast hav
been constructed on a scale of one ter
10 thousandth, or about six inches to the mil,
~ The maps and charts based upon this SUI
so vey are Of the highest order of excellenc
es and are greatly admired by foreign gees
re raphers.
Our geological survey has only complete
Il, a little over $4,000 square miles of its d.
Is tailed topographic survey as yet, and
very large part of this work has been ca
ut ried out in the great mineral regions of I'll
west and south where population is sti
- scanty. The reason for first making IL
II detailed Topographic survey of those r
nd gions is that before they can be Studio
or closely in their geological aspects the
ny topography must he infinitely mapped
that the geological data subsequently o
ly tanned may accurately be placed ON Il
at map, and as the geological survey is of Il
ed highest importance to the intelligent an
e' economical development of our mineral 7
Ike sources the topographic survey is beir
Id carried out in our mineral regions in a
vance Of detailed surveys in the older al
ul more populous parts Of the country. III
II states OF New Jersey, Connecticut, Rho'
'ly Island and Massachusetts. however, wi
the assistance of the national surveys ha
Der completed their detailed topographic 81
ks veys and have issued fine maps on lar
OF scales that compare favorably with tho
ife OF any part OF Europe Other state surve
oh have been started here and there. but ha
ar rarely been carried out in a satisfacto
Ter manner-New York Sun.
ed "
Phillips Brooks and the Canadian Bisho
od A few years ago the rector of St. Pau
lie, was elected to a Canadian bishopric.
ov- was a slight, little man and made but
ler very small showing when he dressed in I
full Canadian regalia, including kn
as breeches In fact, when Phillips Broo
saw the newly elevated prelate he hard
he knew what 10 make of him. His III
he sight OF him was a rear view. Walking