New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1895-03-08


-a,, - doctrine and Observance But when the
most energetic men OF the Opposition were driven
into exile on the Continent, ana were opiseu ~
set 10 churches for themselves they soon ioud '''
mere hatred Of the Pope was not an adequate P'!"-
Clinic Of union. That question settled. so FAR
&c rrgIishmen were concerned: they had come 10
regard Roman Catholicism as the religion OF lot
eiqners Of Spaniards Frenchmen and ltahahs' inc
enemies Of their country; creed the profession vi
which was incompatible with true phfo'Sin an"
LOYALTY But their ideas as TO the set'IeHent oi
their own Church were still vague A'"o"s -"
exes those who were attracted 20 "e"e'a' '"''
and Arau diverged furthest from the establishment
,ronosed under Edward VI. the distinctive char-
ac,eristic of which was the new prayer-pooK re-
vised I'm 1852 on the other hanh' 'he eN''es a'
Zurich and Strasburg stTenuously upheiu '"e pray
o. hook and the usages which It sanctioned. But
there might still have been no troublesome dispute
had &, not been that many Englshmen whose views
uera very divergent found their way TO FRANK
fort and Of course. attempted at once TO organize
a church.
The eNor, was followed by quarrel, when out
lasted the life Of the church. II was attehned oS
all those features which have since become prosaic
the petulant resignation Of pastors 'ne op.rusNt
arrogance Of laymen In matters theological ana
even with something that looked extremely Ike
what would te called in American politics colonial
,ion Of voters Victory did not declare FOR either
side in terms unmstakabe. But the lines mat
were 70 separate those who would soon Ne ch'ed
Anglicans from those who were 10 go hehcelorth
by the name Of Puritans were Sharply uid"H' anu
I, was no less n person than calvin himself whose
words suggested name that ia To this day the
pride Of New England The English prayer-book'
that is King Edwards prayer-book. wrote the law
giver OF Geneva. lacked purity. II would ne well
to abolish the things in 1t that were mere loohsh-
ness The word purity stuck. II became the
shbboeth not only Of party in the Cnurch at
in
is significant that Knox. the Scottish reformor
took part in this Frankfort quarrel. and also DR..
Richard Cox one Of the men concerned IN the ere
alton OF the Edwardian prayer-booK. Inc quarrel
In fact. had national importance from the outset
though some OF It's results were not seen untl me
times OF Charles and the commonwealth. Mean
while il was an obicclesson to tho people az large
who saw that for a time they must agree to differ
quietly on the basis of settlement which at least
united them in the face OF some determined enemies
Mr.. Kinds puts new face also on the conduct OF
the political oxes in France and he shows IN
detail how Elizabeth's conduct in reference 10 =
single purely personal matter nxc1 the loyalty Of
all classes. disconnected and plotting mobiles as well
as recalctrant churchmen. At tho outset English
men were no more enthusiastic for Elizabeth than
they were for Mary. But Mary destroyed the grow
ing loyalty by her marriage with Philip OF spain.
while Elizabeth stimulated 1t 10y course Of action
which has been tho cause Of moro gossip in later
than
would not marry but she kept popular curiosity
on the alert for years and years May W. not
say" concludes the author. that the chief reason
for the profound difference between the rcisns of
Mary and Elizabeth lies in the different Wa" in
which they approached and treated the delicate
question Of matrmony"'
Dr. G. Ellis Stevens's thoughtful and Original
book Sources ~ the Constitution o. tho United
Ma m A - D
edition. revised enl!vened with a preface in which
the author gives IN admirable spirit his reasons :of
differing from some OF his critics.
Harper & Brothers have published an interesting
and useful volume JOSIAH Wedgwo1l. 7 X. $;
His Personal History 10y Samuel Smiles, Ill. D.
which VIII serve t. recall the attention - others
besides the collectors Of bric-A-brac 70 figure In
the history 4 art ami Industry and commerce
worthy Of patient study. The evolution Of vast
deal Of English enterprise ,gins with the name ~
Josiah WcdgWood II Nas he more than any other
man who made tho sculptor F.gHman possibility.
lie more than any other man enforced the nocos-
slty OF eooi roads and MS Influence was an I'M
poriant factor In the creation of the canal. -
England. Yet ne was not q mar Of diversified micr-
ests. but one with single absorbing ambition who
found that his purpose IN fc could only b" attained
by activity IN many directions Ncig~o'i was
born A potter. il may be said His ancestors f1r
date Of his birth. in l7ao un,l Dc died. in 1876 sd
his thoughts gathered about MS occupation. Bat
he brought 70 his task q genius which was unknown
TO his forcfathers ana was mot recognized in ans u
his contemporaries S'anorlshre alouni"i 80 peo-
pie of his name and they were nearly all po'''rs. hl'
ne alone the possibilities ~ tho trade. T. is
perhaps worth remembering that Bis mother Was ia
the words 81 MIR. smiles "a small. dclicaic.y ~
gained woman. quick and sci s!hle" HI clu-i-
ton comprised .iitic writing, reading and arth-
metic. and his patrimony. which he received whom
he came " age was go His earliest prciEcc''on
was taste Tor modelling IN clay When he became
an apprentice to his brother he developed veNh-
tiCus turn for novelty. lie never rested until he
knew the quality Of every clay In the ncighb'rhooI
OF his native Eursem. anI he equally PER
sistcnt in conriving new methods for co.orlng the
pieces which he produced
What he di1 as a youth he persisted in al his
NE. At his death familiar with the
ictile clays 81 tho whole world accessible 10 him
he was in his teens with those OF StafIorIshire
In order to attain this wide kno Wedge n had 20
become expert in nearly all the sciences then
known. he had to form q museum suitable 10 his
purpose AMI he had to gain the goodwill 81 people
in remote places. There wee circumstances which
seemed beforehand to render this impossible. In
youth WcdgHood fell a victim to the smallpox. and
one Of the results vas painful affection IN ~
his knees ana finally the Joss OF a leg He suffered
most OF his .ife from a weakness OF the eyes that
threatened him with total blindness. and his gen
eral health was fragile. But his Illness not a
calamity II gave him time 10 read. When he could
do nothing else he could stil, gather information
His eyes were never 50 bad as to let pass bad
piece OF work. Such the man who made pottery
a fine art In England and raised the trade to the
rank Of a national industry. In order to accom-
p.ish his purpose h. had to bring about social
in Staforlshire. ~ which good roads in
place Of almost impossible mule paths were merely
the beginning He found the class Of people To-
which he belonged El-houscd and famishcd, ne left
them well housed and well fed He found English
pottery inferior 10 that Of any other country; h.
left vases that rviiled and surpassed those Of
the Greeks and E'rscans Obviously there is
enough variety In sucn a mans life TO make II an
absorbing study from good Tfny points of view
The character Of "A self-madc man Is never one
that loses anything in the hands OF Mr.. Smiles
The frontispiece the book IS a copy of Sir Joshua