davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05
RESULTS OF ELECTRICITY.
4 Few Notable Cases Cured by FIR. Oar
rim. whose offices Are Thronged
Win Patients Ng~ht aud Nav

To the Editor-I have been growing
deaf for two years until / could not hear
without great difficulty and loud talk
ing. Dr. parrin has cured me. much 20
my surprise. Tor / had but little faith in
curing deafness by electricity. He has
certainly cured me. can be seen at
Quartermaster. Wash. where reside
z r. ROBERTS.
Mrs. \. Rsnister. Meadow. Lewis coun-
~. Wash. excruciating pains in eyehalls.
liver ana a lump in her side. thought 70
be an ovarian tunaor. cured.
T1r. parrin car he consulted free at
qGf4 Pacific avenue Tacoma. Wash.
where he - permanently located. Once
hours for all. 10 A. m 20 s r m Sundays
~ 70 = All cuTs bic chronic, acute and
private diseases, 81 whatever nature. IN
men or women. successfully treated. In
most cases only one visit requirevi - tho
doctors office. Question blanks ana cir
culars sent free.
y B.-One Of ths doctors Win visit
Enenxhurg. wash. May s 70 a. a 'HoF-
ton House" Nor1h Yakima May Is TO
e az The sfhPr1an.~
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05

ran they go out ~ the Souris and Bargon
lave a hunder' acre. and he put up a
Saase and shed not YER big. and he
arry his head high and his shoulders
hke a wall: yes, yes. First year ~ Is
ure,ty good time and NOrinne's checks
Al, Ike an apple. and himehy a baby
laugh up at BarEon from Norinnes lap.
! AN on the SouTis then at a sawmill.
and on Sunday sometime I 20 up TO seq
Rargon and Norinne. | think that baby
Il 20 damn funny. / laugh and pinch his
nose his name Is Marie. and say |
marry him pretty quick some day. We
have plenty hot cake, and beans and
pork, and a little how you-are from a
,ug behind tho door.
next year Il is not so good There Ia
bad crop and hard times. and Bargon
be owe two nunder' dollar. and he pay
Interest Norinue, she do all the work.
and that little Marie. there Is damn fun
~ IN him. and Norlnne. she keep 20, go.
all the time early and late. and she get
YER thin and quiet. So I go UP from the
mill more times. and I bring f0l-iols for
that Marie, for you know | said / 80 10
narry him some day And when ! seq
bow Rargon shoulders stoop and his eye
get dull, and there ia nothing In the Jug
seaind the door / fetch horn with me,
ny fiddle. and by gosh, there Is happy
sty0u-down. make Bargon sing La
Belle Franchise. and then just before
g | make them laugh. for | stand hy
Ge cradle and | sing 20 that Marie:
'Adieu. Belle FrancoLse;
Alous rat'
Adteu Belle Franchise;
Mos. te 20 marlerai
Ma huron iurette,
NU s. ~ ma lacrai
Ma huron lurc'
30. and another year 81 so along, and
karson no know that II therN come bad
COP Il IS hood hye~my- lover with him
wives. lie owe Two hunder' and nifty
alsar Il is the spring at Easter. and
g NJ 20 him and Norinne. for there *
e mass. and Pontiac Is too far away.
We stand al She door and hook ont, and
III ne prairie Is green. and tho sun stand
70 high hke a light on "A pole. and the
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05

So-inns roe hear: You say you VIII
marry him. Rachst;er And / say: I
will
C'est l. Ton Dseu.' ne say at ~.
last, bar he say * with a little laugh I
think be have wheel sn his head But
nafneoy. yeSte'day. Sor1nne AMI Maria
and come 70 Pontiac
The little chemists wife drse6 her sy-e~
and Medallion said in French: Poor
NoT1nne' Poor Norinne. And 80 Rach-
cite. you ara going marry Marie. ny
and bye" There was q aulzzical look
In NefaIison's eyes
RacheFie threw up his chin a little
a going - marry Noriune on New
Years. day" he said
by gosh poor Norinne." said Medal
non, IN a queer sort Of tone. Il - the way
OF The world" he a64as1 III wait for
Marie myself" And t. looks as II he
meant 70, for she has no better friend
Ails ne talks 20 her much % Rargon: of
"tilen her mother is glad. for there Is but
one great love in a wonan's life All
others have different names and meanings.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05

Jay. This IS orc reason Why tAs beck
Is not destined 10 appear before Nr.
Cleveland becomes a private clti-sa.
Another "a the unusual care ths author
- 1SSlnE IN the matter OF classification
Mr.. C3eTssaE1's notes and references are
carefully made snd Sled away. he car.
BY useans II ths system he has devised
lay MS hand on any paragraph ir AIRY
work ne has ever READ. provided he has
a citation 20 se-ify. His library Is thnS
always a. his fingers ends.
Some anxiety viii naturally Re
aroused concerning the fzvoTtts authors
OF Mr.. Cleveland MIL seems 10 stand
among the first with him. He seems %
have read aboas al The great economist
AMI loggcian has produced. An American
writer whom ne warmly eSTeems IS
Prof. Arthur Latham Perry. perhaps the
head Of the present American school OF
economies Prof. Perry and Secretary
Morton are warm friends. and the Two
have discussed economic science with
Mr. Cleveland. Prof. Perry and
Mrs Cleveland are far from agree
ing on all points Mr.. Cleveland
* appears. does not deem labor COM
modify. As Mr.. Cleveland has been or
dering GIohon. Hume and Macaulay. II
IS inferred that he IS dipping into his
tory for illusions 81 late. His method
in this respect is 70 cut out paragraphs
and pages from some books. fer appro-
pirate classification. a fact which az
counts for his recent orders for dupli-
Gates. 4 book which has found favor
with him, too is lrvings Life % Wash
iugton." Mr.. Cleveland owns. also. nine
different lives OF Andrew Jackson, and
much photography on the same illustri-
Gus subject. The writings and CORE
spondence OF Franklin are likewise Ia
Sorites OF the president
Nov. assuming the reading OF works
ike these 10 be done in connection with
his own labcrs In literature. II IS natu-
raj 10 infer that Mr.. Cleveland IS franz
ing an American view or economies and
proposes TO support his views by appro-
PIRATE illusions and quotations from the
founders His mind Is hN This tina
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05
GILBERT EAe..e

prairie: Come along, good summer:
come along. good crop come TWO hun
der and fifty dollar for Gal Bargon.'
Yer quiet. give Sorfnne twenty dol
lar. but she will not take him For
Marie then I say; 4 60 70 marry him.
bimsby' But she say Keep II and give
70 Marie yourself some day.
she smile a. me. then she have lit
tie tear in her eye. and she nod 20 where
Dragon stand outside. and she say: II
this summer go wrong. IL viii XIII him
He work and work and fret and worry
for me and Marie. and sometimes he JUST
sit and look at me and say not a word
Il say 10 her that there will be good
crop. and next year we VIII be YER nap
py. SO. the time 90 on. and | send up
little snack Of pork andN molass' and Ia
bac. and sugar and tea, and l get a let
ter from Bargon bineby, and he say that
everything go right. ne think. this sum
f1er. He say I must come up. II IL not
damn easy 20 go In the summer. when
the mill run night and day, but i say /
will go
when I get up 70 Bargon's ! laugh,
for all the hunder' acre is YER flne. and
Bargon stand In the door. and stretch
out his hand. and say: Raehette. there
Is six hunder' dollar for me. / nod my
head, and fetch out horn, and he have
one. his eyes ali bright like lime kiln
He IS thin and square. and his beard
grow yer thick and rough and long. and
his hands are like planks. Norinne. she
IS YER happy, too. and Marie bite on my
finger, and I give her a sugar stick TO
suck.
"Bimeby Sorinne say 10 me. YER soft:
III a hailstorm or a hot wind come, that
IS the end OF &c all, and OF my poor Gal :
What | do? / laugh and / ketch
Marie under the arms, and ! sit down.
and / put him on my foot. and / sing
that damn funny English song-'Here
We Co TO Ranbury Cross. And / say:
1T will be all as happy as Marie pretty
quick. Bargon he Will have six hunder'
dollar. and you a new dress and hired
girl 10 help you
But all the time that day. 1 think
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05
~ Il ssN u
~ EAs
GYA WoaBE2N5SS.
INK C.LsERT EAeeeS.
IL y I praifs: Cone scoas
Il
- = | r. and ar for
qust. XII Sor1nn do
bu

[~svs.. 1876. by Bacheiler. johnson e.
Bachelor.
~,s .oia the story 70 Medallion
-. uftle chemists wife on Sunday
go and because he vas vain OF
v-rslsh ne forsook his own tongue
80 tribute 70 the Angi0-Saxon.
- are xas 50 purity. that Norinne.
= sBs drives through the parishes all
- aavs. after the wedding, a dance
- nsxht. and her eyes and cheeks on
q. III the time. And Bargon. BY gosh
.. gsrgnn, he have pair Of shoulders
wau. and Eve huuder' dollars and
s.~ss and wagon. BY gosh / say that
=. gargon he have put belt round
:. .orli and buckle II tight TO him-ali
-. yer, good say 20 him: 'Bargon.
-. vou do when you get YER rich out
: ,ss sourls river lie laugh and throw
his hands, for he have not many
s.rss any kind. And the damn little
.~.rs Parpan. ne say: He VIII have
s.xerx on the table and fee on the but
- ana a wheel Ira mis- head
s.ra Bargon laugh and say: 4 Will
AGA plenty for my friends TO eat and
81 and a yer fine time
food" We ali say: by gosh
% they make the trip through twelve
.sxh. and the fiddles 20 all the time,
- am what you say best man. by
- with Bargon. and / 40 all the time.
4 I.ucetts Dargois. she go with me
Z her brother-holy. what an eye had
ED her head AS We 20 we sing No a
ex joli and there is no one sing so bet
n % Norinne:
"'Cest Ia belle Franchise,
AllonS gal.
C'est la belle FRANCHISE.
Out vent Sc marfer.
Ma huron luretie.
Qui vent Sc marier,
Ma huron lure
svsr good. by gosh Norinne and Bar
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05

Balloon >2slo0--Aisa isofa ParA, SiE,-
say. .. csoCA-
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05

Excursion to snoqua!mie falls next Sun
day: fare 81.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05
RrVEIRY IN INDIA.

We meath the sounding rafter.
And me walls around are hare:
A they echo the pcals 81 laughter
Il seems that the Head are there.
Bat stand - your gla Uses = eady.
We drink % oar comrades ewes;
Oraw r clD "a thfs dead already
And hurrah for the next that dies,
Not here are the goblets flowing.
Not here is The vintage sweet,
It's cold. az our. hearts are growing,
And dark "a the doom W. meet.
But stand 70 your glasses steady.
And soon shall our pulses rise;
A etln 10 the dead already
Hurrah fer the next that dies'
Not II. sigh for the To, shat darkles.
Not A tear for the friends hat sink:
wen tan midst re. wine~cup's spaFSles.
AS mute as the wine We drink.
50 stand 70 yonr glasses steady,
IT'S IN this that our respite Les.
One cap 20 the dead already
Ht,rr-ah for the next that dies
Time was when We frovuef ~ Others.
we Thought We were wiser then.
Va "a ier those think ~ their mothers
Who hope % see them again
s1g,s ft,.,4ra,less are here the wise;
4 c,g;, To the dead alFeaaE-
Fg,lrrah for the next that Dies
-rAe-o,@ many a hand thats shaking.
There's many cheek that's sunk
Y,1t ~Non. though our hearts are break
ing . - All
=, s+esr5 -, your glasses Steady.
US here the revival lies.
\ mn 10 the dad already "
- t4,fr~sn for the next taaT diesl
There's a mist o. che Fiass cons ealing.
Tvs the hurricane G3rE breath
A.s thus does the warmth % fcet-As
7-,frr See In tAe grasp ~ 4fafh
Ff9' sand - yo1r glasses stfaY
roor A rr,sSrrent t3e vAE~1r EteS,
rnr ~ the dead ALREADY
lggr~sh for the next that dleS'
W., .s~sssS % the su@t' re-4~Fs0Et
W., Se~fnkS from me rsaate sh1Ts
WE fAe htga ans aausehrN earning
~ fne Enul shall S-nE no moFe
az sand - ycag gla-sses Stessslg.
re v,.7rhf - a world ~ ties.
,,,D - me tes3 alTea by
yElgrrAh for the neNi th4t jos
-. ~ FROM the land tnat bore IS
4s,srave5 ~ the gan3 NJ end.
ys-hers thc nrtgesscS- asNe z t1e Ff0Te Us
81 tna if,,f.est rssTzatH behind
s+a-,.E sraa& go yo1T EAasSf~ s't.4H1H
.-rtS all we have left % prize
= -.fr, "a, Ehe dead ALREADY 1880
Ar4 hurr-wh Tor the next fhAt COS.
-N@N' .7earfe ot0tnev Dow ing.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05

sim incomplete. which seems likely 10
give him an altogether unique position
IA cur long line OF presidents. Il IS A
volume on economic science.
Everybody knows that Mr.. Cleveland
has theories OF his own in the domain OF
politics. His views. however, in that
academic field OF the science cultivated
by Adam Smith. Ricardo and MIL are
very little understood Now, II there is
one study TO which Mr.. Cleveland has
devoted MS leisure. IL is political econ
omy and sociology He Is an omnivorous
reader in these departments OF knowI-
edge. His library is stocked with the
standard works on the various subjects.
II is not so much as a means OF acquir-
ing information that Mr.. Cleveland reads
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05

Lawn mos -. 3 IS. screen door. g. Ia
.-.r,.. T4a~Ssrars CO. 81 i esler AVezae-
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-05-05
NEW LITERARY NAN.
Cleveland Has Spent Four Years
Writing a Book.
ON THE SCIENCE OF ECONOMICS
The Books That He Read<-where He
Differs With John stuart
Mill.

ROVER CLEyE-
LAND = 70 ap-
pear fore his
coGDrrynen sn a
new role. He has
become a literary
man. u might he
More correct 20
Say that he has
long been a liter
ar man. he has
spent four years.
more or less, in
writing a hook
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
Clubbed to Death.

Henderson, KY, May 3O.-John
Swanagan, colored, was killed this
morning while attempting to break
Jail. A conspiracy to escape had been
found to exist between several of the
prisoners, which when they attempted
to accomplish it, resulted in the death
of the leader. Swanagan was a pow.
erful fellow, and before he was sub
dued he whipped jailer Kohl, deputy
jailer Whitehead, and three negro
TRUSTEES. The negro fought desper.
ately for his liberty until dubbed to
death with bilhes by the jail authori-
ties. The coroners jury returned a
verdict justifying the jailer and his
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
Another Old Couple.

Mr.. Groves Howard, of the Friend.
ship neighborhood, having read in the
Banner last week the notice of Mr..
and Mrs. Lee Watson, of Lyon coun-
ty, who have been married 81 years,
says he can't beat their record, but
comes very near it. Mr.. Howard and
bis wife were married in December,
1885, nearly sixty years ago, and bad
twelve children born to them. eight
of whom are now living. Mr.. How
ard was born in Friendship in Janua-
ry, 1910, and will be So years old in
January, 1896. He is still we'll pre-
served and made his own crops until
last year. Mrs. Howard will be II
years old in July, and is still doing
her own homework. Both Mr.. and
Mrs. Howard were in town Tuesday
on iness.-Princeton Banner.
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
SHOT HERSELF.
Widow OF the Late Senator Ma.
chen Commits Suicide.

On the 23d OF May Mrs. w. b.
Machen, widow OF the late w. b.
Machen, committed suicide at THE
home OF her sister at Clinton. The
Clinton Democrat says:
Last fall, desiring to give her dau.
ghter Marjorie the advantages of our
schools, Mrs. Machen came TO Clinton
and for several months before ,her
death she lived with her sister, Mrs.
Mollie Sublette. Ill health caused
her mind to give way, and during the
almost entire period of her residence
here she was afflicted with dementia of
more or less violent type. On ac-
count of the state Of her own health
Mrs. Sublette found the care of her
sister a serious burthen, and it was
decided that Mrs. Machen should go
to Eddyville and spend the summer
with her son, Frank Machen. 1t is
thought that the invalid feared they
were going to take her to an asylum,
and that she forestalled them by tax.
ing her own life. The pistol with
which she shot herself was a No. SO,
and she got it out of her sons valise.
Besides her son Frank and daughter
Marjorie, she had other sons and
married daughter, Mrs. Sayres, of
Montgomery, who visited her a short
time ago.
Ii was the purpose OF her son and
daughter to 60 with her to the sons
home in Lyon county ON Thursday,
and Mrs. Machen and her mother,
Mrs. Mimms, arose early to begin
preparations for the journey. Mrs.
Mimms is a very old lady, but was
busy about the house and gave but
slight heed to her daughter, who a:
about five o'clock LETT the house and
went to an outbuilding in the rear of
the premises. 1t was there she was
discovered by her mother shortly after
FIVE, lying prone upon the hoor,-in
q faint, as the mother supposed, who
hurriedly summoned Frank to help
his mother into the house. When the
poor frail body was lifted from the
floor it was discovered that a ball
from 80 caliber pistol had ploughed
its cruel way from the temple TO the
long troubled brain and that death
must have supervened almost in
stantly.
The remains were taken to Eddy
vile, and laid beside those Of Senator
Machen, who died in 1898.
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
The Banks Win,

Frankfort, KY, June 1.-The de
cision OF the Court of Appeals of tn,
bank tax cases was rendered today
and in spite of the tips that had beer
given out, it caused considerable sur
prise. People generally had come to
the conclusion that the court was still
undecided, when a full bench met
and handed in the decision, which was
written by Chief Justice Pryor and
assented to by Judges Eastin, Grace
and Hazlerlgg, and in effect declares
that the banks have vested right
under the Hewitt law, which requires
them to pay seventy-five cents on the
500 of capital stock to the State and
relieves them of all county, district,
and municipal taxation. The result
is consequently favorable to the State
almost doubling its revenues from this
source, but is adverse to the counties
and cities, which will receive no taxes
from the banks. 1t will result in
bringing the total receipts of the State
Treasury from banks up to about
$500, 900 per annum, which will also
be paid tor last year, and will within
few months go far towards relieving
the present financial embarrassment.
The minority opinion was written by
Judge Paynter, aud signed by Judges
Lewis and Guffy, and holds that the
terms Of the original contract speci-
fed that it could be repealed at the
pleasure OF the State, and that they
are sustained by decisions of the high
est State court and the Supreme Court
Of the United States.
The bankers are in high feather
over the decision, while those who
hold the contrary view are depressed.
The latter declare that the action of
the court will upset the State system
Of taxation. One prominent attorney
went so far as to say that it was a sc.
we're blow to the civil lib critics of the |
people.
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
Democratic State Convention,

The following is the call for tn,
Democratic State Convention:
Resolved, That on June Is there
be held at each voting precinct at the
regular voting place in each county
and legislative district convention
of the voters thereof at 2 O'Clock D.
No., to select delegates to a county
or Legislative district convention tc
be held at the county seat, except
that in counties or cities composed Of
more than one legislative district,
the delegates shall meet at some
place to be designated by the respec-
tive legislative committees, on Mon.
day, June II, at 2 O'Clock p. M, and
at said county and district conven-
tons delegates shall be chosen to re-
present said counties and legislative
districts in state convention TO be
held on Tuesday, June 20, at II o.
clock.
The basis of representation on
the part of each precinct to said coun
ty and legislative district conventions
shall be one delegate for each fifty
votes cast for the Democratic elect
ors at the presidential election in
1892, and also one delegate for each
fraction over twenty-five votes so
cast; provided, however, that such
precincts as cast less than twenty i've
votes for said electors shall be enti-
tied to one delegate.
"The basis of the representation
to the state convention from counties
and legislative districts shall be one
delegate for every 200 votes and each |
fraction over 100 votes for the Dem.
Ocratic electors at the Presidential |
election in 1892; provided, however,
that such counties as cast 100 votes
Or less for said electors shall be enti-
led to one delegate"
In accordance with the above the
Democrats Of Crittenden county are
hereby called to meet at their respec
i've voting place, at 2 o'clock June
%, to appoint delegates to the coun-
y convention to be held at Marion
IN the 18th.
According to the rule prescribed
" the State Committee each precinct
will be entitled to send the following
lumber of delegates to the county
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
The Other Case.

William Willingham, who has fig
ured in several fights and cutting
scrapes, near Sebree, and is the son Of
p. M. Willingham, candidate for the
Legislature from Webster county,
was arrested in Sebree Saturday and
taken to Dixon and jailed, on a war
rant charging him with seduction and
bastardy, preferred by a Miss Melton,
who lives near Sebree. 1t seems on
last Saturday the young girl gave
birth to child while Willingham was
in Sebree gloriously drunk, probably
celebrating the event, when the sher-
id, thinking it WAS time for him to
take a hand, armed with a warrant
walked up and placed him under ar
rest and took him to the Jail at Dixon
He was later released on bail, and
will be tried in few dsys.-Sturgis
Ledger.
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
Important to Road Oyerseers,

In the circuit court last Tuesday
Judge Linn made an important rul
ing which will at once dispell the pre-.
vailing idea that overseers of public
roads are proceeded against by indict.
ment for neglect of duty. The stat.
utes now prescribe that prosecutions
under this head shall be by warrant
issued by the Judge of the quarterly
court, and returned before him and
disposed Of. So the custom of work.
ing public roads just before circuit
court is useless one, as overseers can
be proceeded against at any time. So
look we'll to your roads, citizens, one
and all.-Cadiz Telephone.
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
1t May DO As Much For You,

MIR. Fred Miller, of Irving, ILL.,,
writes that he had a severe kidney
trouble for many years, with severe
pains in bis back and also that HE
bladder was affected. He tried many
so called kidney cures but without
and good result About a year ago
he began use Of Electric Bitters and
found relief at once. Electric Bitters
is especially adapted to cure of all
kidney and Liver Troubles and often
gives almost instant relief. One trial
VIII prove our statement. Price only
6oct for large bottle. At II. X,
Woods Drug Store.
Crittenden press. [volume] (Marion, Ky.) 1879-1907, 1895-06-06
Released from Jail.

The Princeton Banner says: There
have been no further developments in
the case of the child that was left on
Mr.. james Hughes doorstep last
week. The man Lowell, who was ar.
rested and put in Jail, has been relea,
sed on bond, his father and brother
coming over from jacksonville to get
him out. A woman named CARR G
Wilson brought the child from Padu.
cab, and she and Lowell took it to
Mr.: Hughes. A young woman whose
home is in Hopkins county, accompa-
MED the Wilson woman on the trip,
and went on to Nortonville, where she
got of. 1t is said the child is hers,
and that she is member of very
prominent family. Its probable that
the last has been heard of the case,
80 far as the courts are concerned.