The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1895-12-28

hFHly US u volunteer hlu tupA PhFh III
1918 In the battles OF LntEen, Bautzen,
l4elpslc ETC., and WAS one OF the garrl-
son OF Mantua, which was besleged In
1914 Just at the time Of Napolcon's first
abdicRtion, In the following year (lSlol
he gave up the military career 10 en-
gage In commerce. He started for Tur-
key. was shlpwrecked near the lonlan
Islands, reached COpstantinpple after
enduring many hardshlps, and then
Travelled through Greece, the Danubian
Provinces, Germany Poland, Russia
and Holland, Hearing ~ Amsterdam
Of BolliYar's struggle for the indepen-
dence OF Columbia, he set sail for Amer
lea ind took part as engineer In the
expedition commanded by Yillaret Adj
mlral Of Venezuela, to the Island OF 81.
Margaret In 1877, After many ndYen-
lures, he entered tho service OF Column
bla, but LETT II In 1928 10 return TO Eu-
rope. Three years later he went back
10 South America, settled at Santa Be
de Bngota, which had become the cppl-
tai OF Columbia, and was appOinted by
lantader, president OF that republic,
Lieutenant Colonel Of artillery. Codaz2i
was shortly after this intrusted with
the making OF the map OF the bar or
Lake MaTacalbo, and then one OF the
department OF Zulla uS9S-iS29), After
the separation OF Venezuela from Col
umbIa he wal commissioned TO con-
struct maps OF all the departments con-
stltuting the republic OF NeneEuela,
task Involving large amount or labor
and which absorbed his attention from
1891 to 1888. ON It's successful and SAT,
isfaotory completion, he was promoted
10 the rank OF colonel
In 1888 CodazEi undertook the explor-
% lao n
turned from that adventurous expidl-
ton, he received from the Venezuelan
government a grant TO enable him TO
publish his important geographical DIS
coVeries. He then went TO Paris, ana
there Issued from the press his great
work, entitled, "Resumen de Ia Geo
graphIa de Venezuela, por Augustin de
Codnz2l CParis, 1871, m SvOl. with an
ntlas, containing nineteen plates ana
large geographical map OF the country
After this he returned 10 America, mar
rled there, and In lS4s entered the SER
Vice OF the New Grenada. He contln'
ued his chorographic labors, and ex'
plored the Isthmus OF Panama, with
the object OF ascertAlning whether y
was possible 10 dig canal through II
10 unite the two oceans.
Testimony ofSn Impartial Judge
From what has been said above. It Is
evident that codazzl and schombursls
are excellent witnesses In this case OF
Great Britain against Venezuela. II II
can be claimed that schomburgk was
In the pay OF Great Britain and was
honored by her. may u not be rejoined
that Coda2zi was In the pay OF VEN
eEuela and also hOnored by III II we
could only find competent and Impair
tlal Judge TO weigh their respective
merits and decide between their con-
nlcting testimony we should be emu
BLEED 10 form some idea Us 10 whether
Venezuela or Great Britain is In the
right In the present boundary dispute.
Fortunately such u Judge can be pro-
duced In the person OF Or. j. u. Wap-
pus, the most eminent OF modern Ger
man geographers, whose name appears
on the title page OF the Handbuch der
Geographic und Statlstik, In 10 octave
volumes, "a monumental work, the
like OF which only Germany can boast"
Wappus wrote in lS6S-lS1O. He was a
professor In the George-August Univer-
slty, and member OF the Royal SOclei'y
OF science OF Goettlngen; consul OF the
republic OF Chill and OF the Argentine
Republic; correspondent Of the Societe
DNALlhkAuut
Brussels; OF the Imperial Royal Geo
graphical Society OF Vienna: foreign
member Of the Geographical Society OF
Berlin; honorary member OF the lmper-
lal Russian University OF Chark0w, etc.
He was born In Hamburg In lSl3, stud
led Of the University OF Goettingen, un-
der the HauAmann. and atterwnrd At
the University OF Berlin under the cele-
brated geoBraphcr, Karl Ritter. In 1883
and 1884 he visited and Travelled through
the Cape Verde Islands and Brazil. on
the occasion OF receiving his degree
from the University OF Goettingcn he
read a dissertation, entitled De ocean,
Fluminlbus," In iStI he undertook the
editing and entire recHstlnB OF stein
Hoerschelmann's Handbuoh der Geo
graphic und Statitik. which he conclu-
ded In 1871. In ten volumes-a work
which as a monumental geographical
cyciopedla has no equal. There were
numerous contributors 10 this great
work. but WRppus himself wrote the
three volumes devoted to America. The
parts relating to South America are
universally admitted to constitute the
foundation OF all South American geo
graphy Wappus died In 1879.
The geography of Venezuela and the
GuInnas IA treated OF In the second
volume OF this great work. Wappus
always prefaces his description OF a
country with an exhaustive blbliOg-
raphy OF maps and works relating to II.
In thi case Of Venezuela and Guiana he
mentions among numerous others, the
works and maps OF Codhzsi' ns wen as
those OF the two SohOmburgks. For
the purposes OF the present paper II Will
suffice 10 translate here what he writes
OF the boundaries OF British Guiana. II
Ii as follows:
According to British writer's British
Guiana IL bounded on the northeast by
the Atlantic Ocean, on the east by
Dutch Gulann, on the south by Brazil,
and on the west by BrnEil and Venez.
ueln. hut OF the boundaries OF Dutch
Gulnnn. the only ones explored are
those OF the Atlantic Ocean and a part
OF those OF Dutch Guiana, TO which the
Corentyn has been fixed as n limit. The
little Anal river, in the UNEMPLOYED re-
glons OF the interior. ct It's mouth In the
Kupununl @ degrees 52 minutes 30 Sec
onds north and rs degrees ag minutes
west OF Greenwich. cCording 10 Sohom-
burgk,) has hitherto been generally
considered the boundary. But Portu-
gal formerly claimed the country as far
aS the Upper Essequibo eastward. The
Esscdulbo flows In about $50 degrees
tGreenwlchJ west Longitude. from south
10 north. The English, however, have
recently tried 20 push their boundary
ON Brazil beyond the Anal district
westward; that II, up 10 the CotlngR
Tor zuhuma) river, the main northern
branch Of the Branco, which runs Into
the Upper Biunco Tor TOkutu) river In
60 degrees Greenwich wClt longitude.
AZ early as 1912. In order 10 be able TO
claim this boundary they erected a
post. mark there The disputed terri
tory thus embraces an area OF about
degrees Of latitude from the EAST west
ward and about nm equal extent from