The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1895-08-11

,.so-,o,,c,s of them written by VIII, WIZ
u.ss' 20. oe The work OF enemles' ss.c',,
H., 20 t,,stifv cruelties and wronks', .nd
faith. rs always did what WI -, XII nd
they punished bad men. my ,errible
and true TO their ,, is.."v Ne we're great
varrscrs and We fought TOT guI ",a,,s
long time II was not me ~,,ned M -
a, ms but their Vices, whlch LII LII srines
How ia your fatnsrs I'm noopleg'
corrmitted by one OF their ON" P~"'
| asked. 10 said
A thief must restore what ne nd' .Iod
and after that he was neld 70, ~ nj bout
man" a suspect, not respected, "l.o,.o,x
friends. In a socialistic state OF s.ofto,y
that was sufficient punishm ny
did you punish murder asher. .,,n
The kindred Of the mut1ess, ,r.,. and
said he must be killed. Then th-y ~ tho
ed all about II. They must satlsls 90,
friends OF the dead man that u VIZ a. A.,
murder. so that they "oui ,ia no, do
that. and II they were convlhceu 'nSn
selves that murder hal been done tne"
they would say: We viii 10 IL ouis,s-s'';
placing their hands on their hear's, 81
IL may make war. We VIII 10 IT y"t
selves and then there will DC satisfac-
ton 4" ,,t
a
enemy. because he provoked war between
clans of the same tribe.
How did the enmity between your peo-
pie and the Sioux originate?
ooh that was far back, and no one
knows. Probably a. came OF HiieItiS,e
about murder. II the dead in au
friends took vengeance, then the accuseu
friends would take Nengea Ice anS W. w.,
that was started IL never couid STOP.
There was always vengeance 10 '"Ne ~"
but our writer's say that you would
take vengeance on an innocent SIOUX ONO
who had never harmed you. ,..,
ssrhat Is not so When war existed
Chtppewa and a Sioux would night II they
met. just as two white arnllts W.. ,S,. -.
IL they met when vyr between thrH p,y
pie existed Every warrior was les'-
"How about polygamy? Did you allow
I'VE allowed it-that is. we did not pun
ish IL directly: but man VINO hhl wv
wives was bad man, ana was .id a.ss9af
with the thieves. We were not IrleAuis
THAT is to say. he could not rely upon
others for protection, or for the PUNISH
ment Of wrongs done him, ,...,..
That's about IL. An indian WIZ
friends is not safe lie must NAVE
nut did not this idea come in with the
NO. II was always so. In old times
tured them from the enemy. hut not TWO
wives OF his own tribe. 80,
"What makes you think that the on
times We're so much better i on uan
good laws no wars, and the gpFernmenl
will not let you so hungry. Is not tnH
better than the old prccarious ana ua"-
gerous way OF living?'
I'VE did not 80 hungry We had ilo,t
than We wanted. You can see for your
self what We had from what Is left AFTER
so much destruction. There was no enc
to the deer moose. caribou, beaver lyhN,
and all the smaller fur-Dearcts anu az
for tho fish YOU said there was no iun
catching them when you came, thrH
were too plenty-tr0Ht bass. Pike PICK
erel. sturgeon-the waters sMarmed WIN
them Then look az the wild rice, NUTS
bluebcrres wild pums oceans OF lneh.
And then we had corn fields. ana Tor
smoking. the klnnikinik. The plains We're
iiacl with buffalo. We had no nara
work TO do What we AID was manly
sport. while It provided ms with food aid
clothing. And then We We're free, inc
frecst people In the world. with whole
continent I'm which 10 enjoy IT, We are
not now what we were. our people nave
become drunkards. heggars. and towards.
The white man has destroyed MS, along
with everything else. see that You
have among your photographs the picture
Of Chippewa grave. That Is the grave
OF the last of the Five Brothers. great
warriors You may say that rs the grave
OF the last Of the chippewaS. because
what were left after the seven Bfo',iels
and the Five Brothers We're no lni ser
true specimens OF our great and noble
people The Seven Brothers were Tckum.
sehs best men. They were known an
over the Mississippi valley. and the Five
Brothers, who came after them, We're as
good. They adopted me when my fdulDf
died. The last one died thirty years ago.
a very OLD man.
II suppose YOU think the seyan Broth
ers made a President OF the United
nOe?'
'Yes, they made TWO and the Chero-
KEGS made two. The white men bought
10 was great thing, WHEN, fDur or I'VE
- one. they could whip an niian. and
they made heroes Of those who iid IL.
That Is what the white man thought O,
the Indian
What about your sign language and
picture writing"
"That is nearly forgotten only few
know anything about IT, and they are
old men. The sign language was what
! deaf and dumb people have, only it was
simpler. and all the tribes understood
H. For example If you came a strang p
TO a tepee or a village. "a stamp OF the
foot on the ground meant that you We're
WclcOme-tNO or three stamps. that yOu
We're very welcome Hunting signals
were made with the hands. Four fingers
and the thumb down meant hear-wlth
the thumb up, a deer, III n lynx or other
| climber. climbing signs. If the animal
We're running. the hand with fingers down
made bounding motions. If a man. the
fOreiinger was held up. n the man were
hiding. the finger was closed down 20 the
hand Picture writing was done on bark.
ana was "A map with various signs and
animals here and there upon 10. A|circle
meant a yell-hv which the reader was in-
structed 20 call when he reached a GER
tain point.
you had a freemasonry for your fam
lies. ala YOU not2"
"Nes. I can recognize relative. though
! never met him before The use for this
has died ont. but We cannot give Dr. 90
any one not entitled 10 &c."
"W hat was your tOtemT'
THE alligator. The alligator can live
I'm the water and on the land. re lives to
BE- very Oh il means long lfe and good
| luck IN hunting and fishing. 70 was the
totem OF the Five Brothers and they
gave IL 10 me hen they adopted mo "
Air. friends thinks that the Indians
would have developed civilization by this
time II they had been let alone They
were already cultivators Of the soil and
were no longer nomadic. one element
OF their success IN war was their endur-
ance and speed on foot When he was
q youth, he led a dog team on the snow
siXfy-fiye miles IN one day He walkol
from the ST. CrOix % bayfield, seventy
two miles, In twcnty-cight hours. and
this was not exceptional among them.
The suddenness Of attack and sWiftness
In retreat rendered them the most iif-
ncult native people ever conquered Bet
thsir paradise is gone-Inter-Occan.
THE PASSING or STANLEY.