The Washington bee., 1895-10-12


Course Adopted in Regard to Securing
the Recognition of the South Ameri-
can States Likely to be Closely Followed
Diplomatic Correspondence Recalled.
Washington, Oct S.-Gonzales de Que
sada, secretary of the Cuban revolu-
tlonary party, with headquarters in
New York, has been in Washington on
private business. He did not see Secre-
tary Olney, nor were any steps taken
toward securing the recognition of the
Cuban insurgents as belligerents.
The policy Of the Cubans in seeking
recognition of the United States has
been outlined substantially as follows:
No application will be made to the ex-
ecutive branch of the government I'M
til Congress assemblies. 1t is the feel
ing that even if the executive authori-
ties were disposed to recognize the Gu
bans. the action would involve such
grave responsibilities that the execu-
tive branch would desire to have the
cooperation and support Of Congress.
care will be taken, also, that there is
uniformity in the steps proposed to
Congress. In this way the mistakes
made at the time Of the last Cuban up
rising would be avoided. At that time
there were no less than forty different
Cuban resolutions referred to the House
Committee on Foreign Affairs, propos-
ing recognition, arbitration and many
no of ha
In connection with the probable pres
entation of the subject to Congress and
the executive branch, an interesting
precedent has been found in the ar
chives of the State Department. 1t in
wolves the recognition by President
Monroe of the South and Central Amer
lean republics when they broke away
from Spain. The Spanish Minister at
Washington made the most urgent pro-
test, to which John Quincy Adams,
Secretary of State, replied, stating the
policy of this government in giving
recognition. The propositions then ad-
vanced by Spain and the replies made
by the United States are said to be eX
actly parallel in the statements of
facts, to the status of the Cuban affair
to-day.
President Monroe sent a message to
Congress in March, 1922, in which he
proposed the recognition of the insur-
gent governments in Spanish America,
as then designated, ard including Mex
leo, Peru, Chilli, Colombia, Brazil and
other countries. On March 2, 1922, Senior
Anduaga, the Spanish Minister, ad-
dressed letter to Secretary Adams, ex
pressing his establishment at the course
Of the President. After reciting many
acts of kindness Spain had done for the
United States, the Minister says:
But even admitting that morality
ought to yield to policy, what is the
present state Of Spanish-America, and
what are it's governments, to entitle
them to recognition? Buenos Ayres is
sunk in the most complete anarchy, and
each day sees new despots produced,
who disappear the next. Peru, con-
quered by rebel army, has near the
gates Of it's capital a Spanish army. In
Chilli, an individual suppresses the SEN
timents of the people. On the coast Of
Firma, also, the Spanish banners wave.
The insurgent generals everywhere are
occupied with quarrels among them
selves. In Mexico there is no govern
ment. Where, then, are the govern
ments which ought to be recognized?"
Secretary Adams answer is dated
April g. 1922. He says he at once laid
the Spanish Minister'S letter before the
President. The latter desired the friend
Hest relations with Spain. But, in re-
cognizng the Southern countries. the
President lad been governed by facts,
which, Mr.. Adams pointed out. were
quite different from the facts set forth
by the Minister. Mr. Adams laid down
the general principles governing the
recognition of the new countries. One
was the principle of right, the other the
principle Of fact. The Secretary said
that the United States had carefully re-
Trained from taking any part in the
outbreak, and had maintained a most
impartial neutrality. But the contestants
had set up their own governments ID
had successfully resisted Spain. :
were conditions of fact, and they >.-"e
such as to entitle the insurgent cOun-
tries to recognition. Mr.. Adams adds:
The Government of the United
States. far from counsell.ng the die y
ton of a policy questionable III its
morality, has yielded to an obligation OF
duty of the highest order by recognize
ing as independent states, nations,
which after deliberately asserting
their rights to that claim, have main
tanned and established it against all
the resistance brought to oppose it.
This is the mere acknowledgment of ex-
listing facts, with a view to the regular
establishment wiz the nations newly
formed of those re 2tions, politica! and
| commercial, which t is the moral obi
cation of civilized a-d '~istian ma
tons to entertain re. lily with
each other
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