New-York tribune., 1895-10-13

Sunnite believer. II was thus py uee -, a.
these northern barbarians were supu"e'
South. A few generations later tney ..a,
pert in all the intricacies OF Manonu.N o,,r
ogy and In all the learning OF Ind'a' .'A,o, 90
attack on Hindostan was mere .,,., ros
turned him enormous booty "''"o"' - oo,,-
session OF the country. But 'he wv ,Saoo.a
n,a,a Tho co,oues, was cherished by his ues0en"
ants and gratifed in the person Vi A"'.
man was a soldier. n poet. or'houoN ~ -
~ slam n scholar In his way. pu' aoo'e ' go,
~ inventive military genius lie 'e'"
armies TO discipline improved 'he'i aims
made systematic use OF artiliery. p"' -,
49, s,o,,ored II,ndostan and settled himself IN his
capital Of Agra he was sun Ill al e''' =,
o,.,o., nothing to please him except the SIKH Oh
~, mechanics and artisans. He lacked IL ,s sa"'
,no ,r,iec,aI statelness OF oriental princes Ills
Wv - .a..,red naturalness and simplicity. In
all tho yicsstudes Of his life. and these "e'e
- - !. ,oro tho extremes Of good and bad for
,o ,,,,b eouanimity DR.. Holden admires baoar
ho,a Tymur and above all his successors III 'he
p,,ra ~ India For his capacity as general
~, odn,inistrator and man OF letters. ne reckohS
,,,, tho eoual Of Caesar while for frankness ana
,race Of character he compares him to Henry oi
Navarro With him the Mogul Empire really De-
gan All that had gone before was by wa! Vi
preparation.
The DYNASTY had not risen to power without oe-
coming fitted for 1t. The change that hhu 'ane"
place In the fierce descendants OF Timur was
amazing. If they were still cruel they hau
learned how to tolerate differences Ihey auap'eu
themselves TO the races over whom they ru'eu' ~
a time when witches were burned In Engiahu anu
France when men were destroyed for dinerence
OF faith and the whole Christian word was con-
,uisad Akh,r the grandson of Babar, was en-
deavoring to establish complete toleraton III MS
realm His method was open to ob)ecuon' lor he
combined with his indulgence a plan for an eciec-
tic religion which he had himself devised AS
time went by he seems to have felt, like the
Roman emperors that divine honors were due 10
himself But this eccentricity did not anect MS
policy the intent Of which was to make MS SUD-
tects equal before the law. The 1ilndoos became
as loyal as the followers Of lslaW EVerEoous
felt the benefit Of a system which distributed All
the burdens Of the State so that none was uii-
Justly treated Contemplating the rule OF Akoar'
Dr. Holden maintains that the Indian Empire AT
that time would bear close comparison with the
States Of Europe. Promotion at AkDar cou''
was omen to every race and Persians Afghans,
Turks and Hindoos met there on equa terms if's
SUCCESSORS. Jahaugir. Shah Jahan and the En-
pares to Eliza beth of England. initiated the WIS
dom of Akbar They profted by the prosperity oi
their people. But their methods were not euusuu VI
by Akbar's fa--sighted intelligence Even me
great Empress whose memory Is preserved by tne
most beautiful building In the world. was not
wholly successful in harmoniZing her PERSONA
ambition with the good OF her people. But IL was
in the reigns Of these successors OF Akbar that Ine
architecture OF India rose to periecuoh. ne
Moguls proved themselves as great In art as they
had been In war and policy. Then came the end
Aurangzeb dsdained the lessons Of the past lie
determined that Islam should be the only religion
of his realm First he extirpated heresy. Iheh
he raised his hand against the inhdeis. Bmt lns
armies whose courage, discipline and skill hed
kept Southern Asia in awe for centuries melted
away in the vain endeavor to enforce uniformity.
In half q century Aurangzeb destroyed the power
which had descended to him almost unimpalred
from Timur Not even the history OF Louis Nv
can furnish more striking lesson on the iuuiiF
OF religious persecution. .,-
Or Holdens book is not only interesting put us
value Is enhanced by portraits Of the Mogul rulers
copied from originals by Indian artists Every
emperor from Babar to Aurangzeb inclusive, ana
the Empress Muir Mahal. we'll. are represented.
The narrative of the way these were obtained Is
not the least interesting part OF the volume.