The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1895-07-05

their chloride, but the so-called chic
ride of lime so generally used is often
Objectionable on account Of its odor.
A solution of chloride of lead has been
recommended by DIR. GoulGen, Lon
don physician, as inodorous and more
effective, while procurable at a trltling
expense. When bought as chloride of
lead the cost is considerably more,
however, than when the solution is
prepared from the cheaper nitrate of
lead, by dissoivIng half drachm of
the nitrate III pint or more of boiling
water aud adding 10 solution of two
drachms of common salt in pail or
bucket of water The clear fluid left
after the sediment has subsidized is
saturated solution of chloride of lead.
A cloth dipped in this and hung up in
q room will sweeten the atmosphere al
most instantly, aud the solution is
equally effective for purifying sinks,
drains, etc.
Measurements of the force exerted
by the human jaws have been made
by DR.. G. V. Black, of jacksonville.
Fla. Several persons exceeded a force
of 100 pounds with the incisors and
200 with the molars. A little girl of
7years recording so pounds with in
cisors and IS with molars, and physi-
clan of So easily exceeding with the
molars force Of 270 pounds For
chewing such food as beet, pork and
mutton, crushing force Of so TO 80
pound is ordinarily necessary, but that
actually exerted at each thrust Of the
teeth is much greater
The military kite of Lieutenant
Baden Powell consists chiefly Of main
kite containing some 700 square feet of
canvass, which is assisted and steadied
by smaller kites. The apparatus easily
lifts man in moderate breeZes, and
even in dead calm when the ropes
are drawn along by men or horses.
NJ. L. Vaillard has found tetanus an
titoxine to confer complete immunity
for to weeks, but it does not arrest
the estaCnsneu disease.
A fictitious account of q savant who
made portraits by projecting peoples
shadows upon q mirror Of polished
metal and then treating the mirror
with chemicals, is said to have inspir-
ed Daguerre, then painter, to com.
mence the experiments that led TO da-
guerreotyping. An even more remark
able fureshadowing Of scientific
achievement has been discovered in a
work 10y Cyrans de Bergerac published
in Paris, in 1855 In q chapter ON a
trip TO the moon, the author tells how,
on being left by his guide a little while,
he was given some very strange books,
which were In fact Photographs,
This is the description: son opening
one of the boxes, found | know not
what kind of metal apparatus, SINH
lar to our clockwork, but composed of
know not how many little devices
and imperceptible machinery. 1t was
a book certainly, but most ilifacu-
lous one, which had neither leaves nor
characters, q book to understand
which the eyes are useless. One needs
only his ears. When one wishes to
read this book he connects ii by sort
of little nerve to his ears. Then he
turns needle to the chapter that he
wishes TO hear, and Immediately there
energies from tine instrument, as from
the mouth Of man or from q musical
instrument, all the words and sounds
which serve the Grdnds Lundires for
language"
In tests described TO the Paris Acad-
envy by H. Morrison and G.. Charpy,
1t was found that nOron-0.5S per cent.
in the alloy used-in parted TO steel the
property OF great Increase in tensile
strength by temperlng without a cor
responding increase of hardness. Car
bon steel giving similar increase of
tensile strength on teHp-rng became
so hard as 10 require working with em-
cry, whereas tine boron steel could
still be worked with a ii IL.
A new German mirror glass reflects
the light on one side, from which it is
practically opaque, tut from the other
side is transparent. Ii offers obvious
advantages for Windows as it prevents
passers-by from seeing into room,
without interfering with the copven-
fence of pereOns in the room.
The ray Of the arc light, when the
arc is unprotected b.. glass globe, are
said to dissipate bad odors, and even
TO have real purifying action.
The export of platinum from the
Russian mines has reached about 200
pounds year.
Carlyle gave us the philosophy of cloth,
says the British Medical Journal, now
Dr. Seitz, Of Munich, gives us their
bacteriology. On worsted stocking
he found 1859 thriving colonies, while
on a cotton sock there were 7l2. Both
articles had been worn, but nothing is
stated of the personal habits of the
wearer; 80 colonies were found on
glove, 20 on piece of wooden stuff, and
Oh piece of cloth. None of these
articles had been worn. On piece of
cloth from garment which had been
worn week there were % colonies.
OF the heterogeneous on clothing
relatively few were capable of causing
disease; the pathogenic species were
almost all staphy lococci. In one case,
however, the typhoid bacillus was
found in clothing from q to q days,
and the staphylocaccus pyogenes albus
(microbe of bOils) 10 days after the ar
ticles had been worn. The anthrax
bacillus found in clothes was still viru-
lent after year. The microbe Of cry
sipelas, on the other hand, could not
be found after Is hours, nor the cholera
YibriO after 3 DAYS. DR.. Seitz conclud-