davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
CASTOR on FOR JACK rARs.
Eluuueands q Gallons Sold 10 Captains WI
Doctor ThSif CzoWA

Hhousands q Gallons Sold 10 Captains Who
Doctor Their CrswA
Just below the Produce Exchange Is q
neat looking drug store which has Pc
culiar line Of trade The proprietor has
been In the business almost quarter Of
Q century. and II the adventurous youths
who banker to be sailor boys only knew
how many thousand gallons Of castor
oil the druggist had doled out in hif
time to ships captains the said youth
would decide to hunt adventures ON land
This drug store fits out ships with
medicines. Anybody who has had any
experience with the merchant service
knows that the captain is usually the
only NJ. d. aboard. and that his knowl-
edge was never gained in any college Of
pharmacy or medicine. In the Office Of
the United States shipping commission
ers is fled record Of the trip Of every
ship that takes crew from United
States ports. It is virtually private
diary kept by the captain for the benefit
Of the government No matter what
happens, the amount and number Of the
doses of medicine administered to the
crew and to each individual of it are
Get down, with the minutest details. It
appears from these diaries that the most
popular and potent medicine known to
captains is good old fashioned castor oil
No matter what is the trouble with
Jack. he gets castor oil None Of the
newfangled variations Of it il pre-
scribed The proprietor Of the drug
store bears out this statement He says
that more castor oil ia administered to
sailors than any other medicine, unless
It may be salts and SIENNA. No captain
viii sail without liberal supply Of
both. Oftentimes captain has reason
TO believe some Of his crew are sham
ming illness, and then the castor oil 10
administered in doses to bring any man
10 his sober senses
Among the medicines in the captains
chest are rhubarb, quinine, jamaica
ginger and paregoric and certain old
fashioned patent medicines No modern
discoveries in that line are allowable.
So this druggist keeps on hand for his
chipping patronage patent medicines
that the modern patent medicine fiend
newer heard OF, they date 20 far back.
Little sugar pills don't go with cap
taiuR Medicine is administered to q
sailor with. the idea that the worse it
tastes the more apt the sick man is to
think It is curing him. Sailors scorn
little sugar coated pilla-New York
World.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
4 Forrest q ariervh..

Cheese. the supposed to Be ed,b,n
milk curd Of commerce, 10 the bert Nil
n the world for microbes and bacteria
and On IT. surface houriah million m.
O millions Of innnitesimal parasit;c
plant growth. A microscopic examin.-
saon q single gram Of fresh chaa.e.
such . = usually sold Of the arrocer's
proved that Il contained not leaa thar
$1,000 separate and distinct speoimena
q bacteria. After seven days thia aame
section Of cheese was examined .rd
!ocnd % contain $4,000 separate snd
individual bacteria. Professor "a K.hn
says that = cheese, properly sliced and
exposed. VIII within week be implant-
a with bacterial growth containinr
more separate specimens than there ~
etees upom the whole d the ear4h,a ~.
face -. Louis Republic
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
RAlRD's rAPtR.


= Oomuaon Enough Animal That Cannot
He seen In Any Collection.
Still less known in this country, and
never seen, either in menageries or mu-
eeums, are the two species Of tapir found
In Central America The sleek, plump
bodied, chocolate brown tapir Of South
America we do see occasionally,
both alive and dead, but Of Baird's
tapir there 10 not even one adult
stuffed specimen in existence, either
in this country or in Europe. A few
skulls and skeletons and two or three
mutilated and unmountable skins are
positively all the world possesses in
representation of this species, and, what
II still worse, no naturalist has yet had
an opportunity to even write descrip-
ton Of the full grown ANIMAL The
young animal is known to be Of red
dish brown color, marked with irregu-
lar white spots and stripes.
Our universal poverty in specimens
Of the tapir named in honor Of Professor
Baird is not due to the extreme rarity
Of the animal, but rather to q lack Of
enterprise on the part Of the intelligent
white men who from time to time have
had it in their power to procure and to
preserve specimens. The animal is well
known in Panama, Costa Rica. Mica
ragua, Honduras and southern Mexico.
Although tapirs are usually found
along small and we'll shaded rivers In
the hot lowlands of the tropics, they
are frequently found ON forest covered
mountains as well d.. Frantxius in
forms Us that in Costa Rica Baird's
tapir is found both in the lowlands and
On the highest mountain ranges He
says also that cit is much hunted, for
IT. flesh il very delicate The back
woodsmen salt it, or dry it in the air.
and thus provide themselves with large
stores. It's thick hide ia very useful.
Tapirs are very fond OF the
salt licks which are formed in the neigh
borhood Of the numerous mineral springs
BY the evaporation Of the saline water.
Here they are either shot with bullets
ON moonlight nights or are hunted
down with dogs and killed with spears
w. T. Hmnaday in St. Nicholas.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14


seasthing About Their I,i1Isssssss -Rasas
81, Of the For1Ass.
Professor Skidmore d Philadelphia,
N q course Of laboratory Lessons to su-
pefvising principals and teachers Of tho
Philadelphia public schools, took up the
subject Of metals recently. IN the course
Of his lecture be made some interesting
remarks In regard to the distinction be.
tween minerals and metals II 10 not
possible, he observed, to dehne exactly
what q metal is. yet there IL little LA
bility of mistake in distinguishing q
metal from . nmmetal The metallic
properties Of luster, toughness. fusibiN-
y. opaqueness, conductivity and rnst
may be possessed separately by nonmet-
ais. but they are not associated a. they
are with metals Most metals may be
bent, twisted, drawn and hammered to
an extent far beyond what any mineral
not q metal could endure.
Taking up the matter Of the rusts Of
different metals, he showed by series
Of interesting experiments that sodium,
potassium. lithium and, in lesser de-
gree, calcium, strontium and barium
rust instantly when exposed to moist
air, their white rusts quickly dissolv-
ing in water and forming alkalies. 9th
er experiments demonstrated the fact
that another group of metals, In which
are zinc, lead, magnesium and antimo-
ny, have white rusts which are not sol
uble in water. These rusts form thin
adherent coating, which only half con-
ceals the metal and gives to it q dull,
furnished appearance. It was shown
that at higher temperatures than the
ordinary, and especially if the metals
are finely divided, the chemical energy
Of rusting is SO great that the metals
burn with a vivid light and emit a
dense white smoke. The permanency Of
these rusts and their protective charac-
ter are utilized in white paints.
Professor Skidmore then directed at
tention to third group Of metals,
which includes those which have dark
or colored rusts, as with copper, iron
and silver. A series Of experiments fol-
lowed to show how these rusts were
formed. and the changes which iron un-
dergoes in appearance in the tempering
process were carefully noted. Attention
was directed finally to the fourth group
Of metals, which never rust. These are
gold and platinum, and II was noted
sthat they are also the metals which are
found as metals in the earth. and not
a. ores from which the metal must be
manufactured. In the case Of the other
metals, it is an advantage that they are
found In the rust or ore condition, as
they Gun be manufactured much more
easily than they could be cut from
Lodges Of the pure MEDALLION Age.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14

= 114An1 - IAeuhaAisa WA1sh b . old
= - Chk1eeian IRA.

y 4sAAs - Issuheelsa WAish p = old
1 = - CAfiSsian Era
Among the fellahs q modern Egypt 4
process Of incubation II in mss which
HIS been handed down from antiquity,
peehaps from the time Of Diodorus, who,
20 years before the Christian era, laid
that the Egyptians thought egg to ma
tuxity with their own hands and that
the chickens Matched thus were mot In.
ferior to those hatched n the usual way.
The process IL described In Mature.
Ovens are built, consisting Of . cham
ber about II feet square and 4 test high,
with ! flat roof. Above this another
chamber, 9 feet high, II built, with q
vaultad ROOD. having . small opening In
the middle to admit light Below a
larger opening communicates with the
room underneath. In cold weather both
rooms are kept closed and lamp is lett
burning In each, entrance then being
through the lower chamber.
When the oven is ready, the proprie-
tor goes to the neighboring villages and
collects eggs. They are placed ON mats,
strewn with bran, in the lower chamber.
Fires are then lighted in tronghs along
the sides Of the upper room, the eggs be-
ing In two lines immediately below.
The fires are lighted twice day, the
drst dying out at noon and the other
burning from to s in the evening. The
flrst batch Of eggs is left for half q day
In the warmest place and then it makes
way for the next, until all have been
warmed. This process is kept up for sir
days, when the eggs are examined care
fully in strong light. Those that are
clear are cast aside. Those that are
cloudy are put back in the oven for an
other four days They are then removed
tor I'VE days to another chamber, where
there are no fires, but the air is excluded
After this they are placed an inch or two
apart and continually turned, this Last
stage taking six or seven days.
The eggs are examined constantly by
being held against the upper eyelid t.
reveal II they are warmer than the hu.
man skin The whole process lasts 81
days, but the thin shelled eggs often
hatch in 10. The heat required 10 SO F.
Excessive heat 10 undesirable.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
he KNEW OLD ABE.

- So - -
~ u.s n.,na..-. 80 -. = r. ... .''
$3.50 os....... = M. - !
cuas.s s,..0. as an - s.l.o - $780,.
Tss1",. $500 ux.as !. ~ S s.m ,oa az
sI s0y ~. = '-.s 90. oa .oo1:
- s ~ 1870 u. Ous ao'u.s.o ousnn0 =
80 - 1. 1919 n 9.0el ~ oai ~, -
y. . snou Nv 0..A. 40, anu Nn 80
49, = n.y.. = us no.., mulc pa,li
os.o = alue1 uaI nvSns 'nan 'na'
al . $500 -. a' ~ -. su1 s say ~ ~: =
- 81. Das :. ..,,.,. ~ n oy ns.L n.s
49, - n's s $3.50 ~" ~. -y w. 49,
oWa. = 49,. sSu,, ,.au WIZ" .u.u I Iq.:.,
- .0 $3.50 ~ .nso.os , - .uT un. ..
800 ~. sS' ISs ~. ~ 4 .,:, suo oes.s.
49,. 49, ~. 80 nas 49, I L. -. s...u
= s Ias VIZ" ~ ~ p1.s LIZ WV 9own
49,. =. = 49, 80, =. 49,. 49,. ...1a.. anu ~
v w.sn "n'l - ~ e1ne.as 49, !
s 49, 1879 suu, n.e .ns.. Wnen -, Is y
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
Some Royal Crowns.

l00 CTOWuS Oh SpalOs 6OrGu4dl and
Poland are all three Of the same form,
and are described by Colonel Parsons in
his Genealogical Tables Of Europe az
"ducal coronets heightened up with
eight arched diadems supporting a
mound, unsigned with q plain gold
cross" The crowns Of Denmark and
Sweden are OF almost similar shape,
consisting Of the eight arched diadems,
rising from . marquis coronet "a circle
OF gold bordered with ermine, set round
with four strawberry leaves and az
many pearls ON pyramidical points Of
equal height. alternately which conjoin
ct the top under mound unsigned with
q cross botonnee. The kings Of most
other continental countries are crowned
with circles Of gold, adorned with pre-
cious stones and heightened up with
large "trefoils," and closed by four, six
or eight diadems supporting q mound
surmounted by cross The trefoil upon
the crown is thought to be Of Gothic in
PRODUCTION.
We find It upon the coins Of Clovis
and his sons, which has induced anti
quaries to call it the Flower de luce"
(the lily Of France represented in gold
On blue ground) }, but, the fact is, these
trefoils were used ON Constantinopolitan
crowns before the time Of the Franks,
and afterward on those Of German
princes in no way allied to Charlie
magne. Aubrey, q celebrated authority
upon heraldry, was Of opinion that the
flower de luce is really nothing more
than q epearhead adorned. no flower Of
the lily kind having the middle part
solid The sultan Of Turkey bears over
his arms q turban. enriched with pearls
and diamonds, under two coronets. the
first Of which IL made Of pyramidical
points, heightened up with large pearls.
and the uppermost is surmounted with
crescents. Il Chambers Journal
Popular Belisfb.
The conversation turned upon the
fatal number. Friday, salt splitting and
other superstitions.
ut is not well to make too much fun
q such matters" gravely remarked
BrichanteAu. For instance, / had an
old uncle who, at tho age Of ~, COM
mitted the imprudence Of making one
q q dinner party OF 18.."
And he died the next dayr' Le
Ribi inquired
mo. but exactly IL pears after
ward.
A shnddeT ran through the audience.
Paris 0aulois.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
Welsh Sand w,stee

Large tracts Of sand wastes are beinr
reclaimed along the Welsh coast. Series
o. parallel fences are put up seawards.
closely interviewer with wires and furxe.
and spaces between these posts are filled
with earth and road scrapings. In these
various trees. such as sycamore, willow,
pine and alder, are planted, while the
ridges are sown with gorse and broom
seed and planted with brier.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
The Man In the Iron saas,.

The registry Of the Bastille contains
the entry: ION Thursday, Sept. 10,
1859, at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, NJ.
de Saint Mars, governor Of the castle
ct the Bastille, arrived to take up his
duties. coming from his post at the lies
Sainte Marguerite, and having brought
with him in his litter former prisoner,
whom he had in his custody at Pignerol
The latter he keeps invariably masked,
and his name is never mentioned. - NJ.
de Saint Mars. in the years in question,
had only five prisoners in his charge at
PiRnerol The fate Of four has been
clearly traced. The fifth must be Mat
toll. The prisoner died in 1908, and
was buried on Nov. 80 in the cemetery
of st. Paul NJ. Bertrand Of the French
foreign Office has examined the registry
At burials and finds the name Mattioli
under that date. Louis XIV told Nine.
Pompadour that the prisoner was an
Italian minister.
Louis XVI assured Marie Antoinette,
On the authority Of Maurepas, that the
man was . dangerous intriguer. sub
ject Of the Duke Of Mantua, who had
been arrested at the frontier and impris-
o0ed FIRST at Pignerol and then in the
Bastille, The evidence seems conclusive,
and puts an end to all other theories,
Including Voltaire' p bold invention that
the man in the iron mask was q supposed
brother Of Louis XVI, which Dumas has
taken up. and immortalized in his
"Three Guardsmen" romancea Matti-
oils crime was giving information to
Austria, Spain. Savoy and Venice Of
negotiations into which Louis XVI had
entered with him to induce him to sell
the important fortress Of Casale to the
French. Revue Historique.
It Worked.
II beg your pardon. lady," said
TRAVELLING Tommy as he stopped at the
back door, "but il you will just smile
I'll take your picture with this here
camera lam travelling ON foot, making
collection Of photos Of our beautiful
American women. Thanks, have it. "
Then the good woman offered him
generous hand ont, which he accepted
with the grace Of true knight Of the
road.
You see. he explained to Willie
Ailthewhile, sit didn't take no work at
~ to paint that cigar box black and
out round hole In the end. but it
tetches 'em every time They think it's
. photograph taker, and their picture
goes In the collection. Mako one and
cultivate your manners, and you can live
Ike prince '-Philadelphia Call
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
He wa Ou&

"Did you nv was outl'' asked the
player.
''Yon bet I did. = replied the umpire.
well, ain't out "
"Yeq, ron are. = was tho serene ne
joinder. sYou are out Just t26. > w.
And then the game went m.-Wash-
ingto0 Star.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
The Tree Of Blood.

The most wonderful optical expert
ment known to the eye experts 10 that
which produces the "blood tree,'' or
"the arborescent figure of Purkinje. !"
It is very simple and entertaining ex-
pertinent and one from which no posi-
BILE harm to the eye can result The ex-
periment is an optical delusion in which
the retina Of the eye and all the blood
vessels connected Herewith appear to
stand ont in the air In such manner
that the experimenter has q splendid
view Of them.
Purkinje, the great optician, acct
dentally made this discovery Of the
blood tree. or ''arborescent figure"
which bears his name several years ago,
and since his time 1t has been used in
thousands Of curious test experiments.
The projected image y called the
"arborescent figure" because Of it, re-
esmblance to many branched tree and
- produced in the following manner:
Shut yourself up In . dark room At
night and move q candle q lighted
lamp back and forth very rapidly before
the eyeA After few seconds the air
surrounding the candle win assume .
deep pink or reddiah color, which rap
Idly takes upon itself the appearance Of
sea OF blood Over this red background
ramtfying In all directions may Be seen
the veins and blood vessels standing ont
IN bold relief, while toward tho center
Of the figure there appears dark trunk
hks line which sarves q BODY Tor
your stree Of blood. !" the trunk bedns
mooS plainly visible whose The ontjo
nerve enters the eye. {
This experiment 10 chiefly Interesting
because i proves that the parts a tie
retina which actually receive immea-
dons and produce sensations must ID
behind the blood vessels, sinco 49,
oast their shadow upon Il and enabIe
the experimenter to zee them = plainly
@ he does any other exteenal obiack a.
To keep race hueeo In evar, ,,,n,a.-
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14

When / buyer declared that be paid
cash right On tho nail and thereby nail
Cd : great bargain, = what kind Of !
nail did be refer %?
What u meant By doornail and
the expression, Dead = : dooEnaill''
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
She Wanted s.,nn,..

shs Wanted samples.
rs this where you votes'' said IN
Onio votress TO an election ofaoer.
Yes, ma am.
Then please cut Oh samples Of Ill
tho tickets. and I'll take them home ma ~
- which ] like best "-Pittsburr :.
Chronicle.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1895-11-14
The chuRch or ST. SOPHIA.


~ Nnds - - MASTERPIECES Of Rysantins
Axe1lltssearU anA Coassrue&asa.
atesiah wero brought from far and
Egypt and Greece uniting with
1la Minor and the islands, each con-
oaS 70 the capital, in supplying their
eotA q marble for the columns and
1lls q Tho church d st. Sophia. For
fly III years the work went on with
lnhated energy. Many difficulties
eE0 0verOome and many experiments
Speg4 tried md found successful, and at
neth, a tho seth Of December, 697,
r. church was dedicated amid the ac-
sE61nnnnti cus of the populace, and the em-
1eCr e1clAimed Ii tho fullness Of his
~ Glory b TO God, who hath
cusht me worthy 70 accomplish 20
oat work ! have vanquiahed thee,
IA golo1nonl r.
The e1nperoe's 10y IN his church was,
cWosef, destined y receive rude
lodk some 20 years later, when the
- md part Il tho dome were thrown
ynn 81 a earthquake, bat the same
Nhith w. shown Ii the build
'ce ~ church again asserted itself.
- da1na(pe 49, ropaired ehe dome
1ng heightened 30 fset % give It ad-
tl0nal sscurity and the church wa
un6ecfated a tho 94th oe December,
1e1, = ~ years aft3 the disaster.
ehurch q 81. Sophia has newer
n snrpa1ed d the unity and conn
ol IL design and In tho dar-
- fSntA n IL rf,srafrnrfinn n khis
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-07-07
THE LANGUAGE of FLAGS.
What They Signify of Death or Life
Among All Nations.
From the School Journal.

From the School Journal.
To strike the flag is to lower the ma
tional colors in token of submission.
Flags are used as the symbol of rank
and command the officers using them be-
ing called flag officers. Such flags are
square, to distinguish them from other
banners.
A flag of truce is a white flag dis
played to an enemy to indicate a desire
for parley or consultation.
The white flag is the sign of peace. AZ
ter battle, parties from both sides often
20 out to the field to rescue the wounded
or bury the dead, under the protection of
q white flag.
The red flag is sign Of defiance, and is
often used by reyolutionists. In our ser
vice II is a mark Of danger, and shows a
Vessel TO be receiving or discharging her
powder.
The black flag is the sign of piracy
The yellow flag shows vessel to be at
quarantine, or is the sign of contagious
disease.
A flag at half mast means mourning.
Fishing and other vessels return with a
flag at half mast to announce the loss or
death of some of the men.
Dipping the flag is lowering II slightly
and then hosting 1t again, to salute ves-
sci or fort.
II the President Of the United states
goes afioat, the American flag is carried
in the bows OF his barge or hoisted at the
main Of the vessel on board of which he
is