New-York tribune., 1895-12-18

well address explicitly warned his countrymen
troverses of European Powers. Europe he sara,
has set of primary Interests which to , US nahe h
engaged In frequent controversies, the causes OF
which are essentially foreign TO our conGerliIII. ,III
Hence, therefore. II must be unwise In MS 10 nlpn-
cate ourselves by artificial ties In the ordinary vics
and cosons S her enSsRps
us to pursue a different course"
THE DOCTRINE OF MONROE.
During the Administration OF President Monroe
this doctrine Of the Farewell Address was first con-
sidered in all its aspects and with view to all its
practical consequences. The Farewell Address
while It took America out of the field Of European
politics was silent as to the part Europe might be
thought the latest addition to the family OF na-
tons should not make haste to prescribe rues d0r
pedency and propriety OF serving the Powers OF
Europe with notice OF complete ana 1cr,acuc 1ctrorce
American policy excluding them from iteIi inter, o
with American political affairs might wen SIN gu
ance. with It's manifold advantages to the cause Of
American Independence, was fresh IN nina WY
The lately born Nation had greaty NJ A., etreng,h
power and resources had demonstraed us srunsa @ m a
in the pursuits Of peace and had begun 10 rttEISs
the commanding position on this conthen, MANS
and their remoteness from the chief scene o. ,o rur0
pean contentious combined to give H. tne 40 ace
hypL anI aPpG ~ ~ tba American non-interven-
meant Ei,roncsr on-interven'ion in American az
fairs Conceiung unquestionaoly that complete huii
ropean non-interference IN American concerns woud
De cheapy purchased by complete american ,I-o no-n
reference in European concerns Pres.aehl . '.oi
Ia the celebrated message ~ December ~ 70 'E,,r
tae following language. IN me wars so.I,as %. .si a..
pean Powers In matters relating 10 thei'1.Hv tSnCrt
have never taken any part, nor does II - U',idp idp.
with our policy 10 90 so IL IL of tst we resent
Injuries make prepardtons ior our deeiics' @ i" ~.
i. roc~o 931r,-Jiatelv coracrted and by causes
witch must be obvious to all enlightened ana I'M I'M
Powers is essentially different IN this respect from
that OF America This diiference Pr0erg9 o" And
IN tho defence OF our own. which has been acnleNel
bv the loss OF 80 much blood and treasure, anI
ma atured H., The wisdom % the most enlightened
citizens ana under which We nave enjoyed uhSX- tNo
ampled felicity this whole Nation is devoted. we
owe f. therefore to caEdOr and TO the aInicapIe re-
lations existing between the lmted Iid1eS az Az
those Powers to declare that we should conslued =.
any attempt on their part 10 extend their system 20
any portion OF this hemisphere as dangerous 10 10 %ai I
tendencies OF any European Power We nave hot m
terfered and snail not nererG qr WIN Te and
maintained IT, and whose independence we nave, on
great consideration ana on Jn' pern6siton for the
purpose of oppressing theni or cot,Os s - poDier
I'm any otAer Right than as the MANIFESTATION OF an
unfriendly disposition toward the Dh.ttI iId,.s -
adontad AZ an early stage OF the wars which have
long agitated that quarter OF ne gone
IN iS va .5e T6vernment de facto as the legitimate
Cnyarn,sn for us; to cultivate friendly relations
utb /, ard 10 preserve those relations by a frank
firm and manly policy, meeting in al instances the
inst claims OF every Power, submitting 70 injuries
from none. But in regard 20 these coilllnei's
% npossbi@ hat the allied Powers should
extend their political system to any portion oI bar e
continent without endangerng our peace ana napp t
ness: nor can any believe that our southern
brethren If left to themselves would adopt IL OIL
fnre that we should behold such interposlton, in
any form. with Indifference
ITS PRACTICAL APFLICATIoN.
The Monroe Administration. however, did not con-
tent itself with formulating correct rule Tor the
regulation OF the relations between Europe ana
America It aimed at also securing the practical
benefits to result from the application OF the RUE.
Hence the message just quoted declared that the
Am"rican continents were fully occupied and were
nor he subiects for future colonization by European
powers In this spirit and this purpose also are to
be attributed the passages Of the same message
which treat any infringement Of the rule as.inst
interference iH American affairs on the part oi te
United states X was realized that il was iuti.e 20
keep down such rule unl"s, ltS observance c,uI 1
was the only Power in tn.s n, mispnere can2ole OF
cared not merely tntt l-ui 'pr nu5hl lo' ~ ~ No.,
fere in American affair. but ,4t any r.uropeam pc an
the interests and inviting IN" Opposition o. ing
thoneG The proposition was not universally ad-
iriftol at the time ot its irst "nunc'au1n, ma
long been universally conceded. We are row con-
cerned therei fore only with that otner pactcal ap.
plicaton Of the Monroe Doctrine the dlsreIarl m OF
act of unfreni.ness toward the United States The
nrecise scofe and limitations OF this rule cannot be
t., r,earlv aoprchenied II does not establish any
genera protectorate by the United states over
other American states 1t does not relieve any
American State from it's obligations as fixed by in
ternatlonal law. nor prevent any European Power
or from infctlng merited punishment for the breach
OF them. II does not contemp ate any interference
the relations between # and other American States,
docs the Ro % any or Fg or en 2eT p5r of
American State or to prevent the people oi such
state from altering tn"t Iofi accUrulms TO ue ba
own will and pleasure me rue IN question ma mas
but a single purpose and object IT Is that no Euro
shall forcbiy deprive an American state OF the
right and power of sef-governnent ana or shapinS
for itself It's political fortunes and destnies.
That the rule thss defined mas been the accepted
pubic law of this country ever since the promuga
was unqucstionably due to the inspiration OF Great
qualified adhesion which has never been Withdrawn
But the rule was decided upon ana Iofmda'sn Dy
lean doctrine OF great import TO the safety and wei,
fare Of the United sei Sba ST g
it's members John Quincy Adams Calhoun Craw-
jefferson and Madison into It's counses. Its promul-
CATION was received with acclaim by the entire
years after Webster declared that the doctrine in.
volvcd the honor Of the country q look upon H.
ne said "as part Of its treasures OF reputation ana
! for one ! intend To guard it, and ne ADDED:
look on the message OF December NJ as torming
! a bright page in our history. VIII help neither 10
erase it nor to tear 1t Out; nor shsi be oy any h
act Of mine blurred or Dotted ~ uli houoI 70 W,
sagacity o. the Government. and VIII not dhihish
| that honor
| INDORSED BY EVERY ADMINISTRATION.
| Though the rue thus highly eulogized by Webster
has never been formally affirmed by Congress, the
| Houe. IN 1864 declared against the Mexican mon
alchy sought to be set UP by the French as not IN
accord with the policy of the United States and in
1889 the Senate expressed its dsapproval OF the con-
nection Of any European Power with cana across
| the Isthmus Of Ddrieu. or Central America II j.
| manifest that If a rule has been openly ana url-
| formIy declared and acted upon by tn Executive
| branch of the Government for more than seventy
years without express rerudiauon by congress, II
must be concusiyely presumed 10 hlVe It's sanction
.I.y'ttT.ll-l sns-n.SI 4 ss.&