The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1895-09-20
Written Tor the citi1en)


Written Tor the Citizen)
Some effects of the expulsion OF gases
from the interior of the earth were
dealt with in an address 10y Prof. \. ,.
ohaler, Of Harvard, to the Geological
Society of America at its Springfield
meeting. Wherever gase, are genera
ted in a liquid or send-liquld mass, the
pressure is diminished over given
bubble, developing a chimney up
which series of bubbles may rush.
There is much water in rocks and
much more in soft strata Mud lump
springs along river bottoms and par
ticularly along the Mississippi are due
to discharges impelled 10y the liberia
ton of gases. Outbreaks of gases fol-
low earthquake shocks. Hundreds of
blow holes or "shock fountains
were formed along the Ashley River
after the great Charleston earthquake,
ten Years ago, these holes being from
10 inches to 3 feet in diameter The
/ liberated gas was found to have come
from stratum about 81 feet below the
surface. Very large and strong shock
fountains, 100 feet in diameter and
4 throwing mud to a height Of 200 feet,
We're formed along the Mississippi Riv-
er during the earthquakes OF ISL and
1913. a volcanic eruption works on
the same principle.
The influence of dust on rainfall was
/ noticed during a IMP 10 Greenland last
summer 10y Prof. VIM. ii. Brew er OF
the Sheffield scientific school. The
fogs progressively ,hmned toward the
north; and owing 20 The small amount
o: dust III the an, the ram, even when
falling III such quantity as quickly to
4 drench one, was extremely fine, APP
pearing like IA very tam Toy. Another
effect was the abseurc OF that blush
haze which so suftens aud beautIiies Il
distant view in lower attitudes.
An electrical engineer finds the rel
! o.;,.. .,,....,;,.. = 2, -, -. - ,:-
a s quau'.'S u ii','. : Neii ~ Y W
! 1; incandescence, II; kerosene, argand
burner, 33l; gas, arsand burner, $50;
candle, 413; gas, butterfly burner, oil.
In the matter OF yItIatiug the AR, cleo
trjcitv. of course ra,ur,t1es evnu nn,,.
favnr,hlv with n,b,.,..nuraa. az Ij,,t,t
a new ana IemaIHaple method OF
artlllclal respiration Is described III Il
flehch Journal by Dr. berthOld Beer
Inc mucous membrane OF the lips aud
/ OF the mouth Is fuoued slowly with Il
/ piece OF ice, the rbl thm OF the motion
] corresponding a. much a. possible to
tilat OF normal respiration. In the
cases observed by Dr. Beer the result
was return OF respiration, very strong
al hrst, but witt the continued appii-
cation oil the nee "econlng very regu-
lar, quiet and deep. Tue lie, moreover,
Is sald % nave general sedatlve effect,
asphvXia have been tr4ated in ms
way bv DR. s.oe. u Vienna win
equal success. The 1urfnod is harmless
for the pntjpnt and ,asv far m. M, ii.
clan. so that II may be emnlov.d for
several hours nj n tin4
t,o...,,
aii, poi 'i,n' 'Os "ie uelils si"u-
I I"'iS el"i,e" - '.I' "''giI.io'' 'ilat mas
momtbs 0 TI ~ i t,"J "' t.a, eeen zen,
i ii'"l,'ii9' ie tA'e"s'Ne lract oi peat
are To- he built for ronv.7t,n,r i thn .,' 't
stance whose waste has hnan ~ H..
nlored into vnluaLle and wnnd.rt,,l
nrodurts I, i fo,,,d surn,isimac 49,, -
seems that tha na.t fLra r,,, ,o
bleachad IN SNOWY whitama.e I'LL :,
will dive any color. II can ha w VOW
into cioth VARYING in tevtnra frnn1 fra
coarsest mating, 1t is made into "a
marvellous antlseptlc wool for surgi-
cal use, ana II can be compressed into
material Tor piahoforte legs, or even
machine bearings, aXle-boXes, etc.
curious industrv ia which Tho -
tention of the IInita2 StoteS Eish 49,
mission he's inst Leen d;rao,ad i, thnt
of the .rtifici,I nro,o,,a,;nn ~ lii"
TORS IN sunnlv ths tr.da in Elor;da 50
iosities Jhe hot.hin,r is of,.ntad -,
very simnie mcuhafor Tba a an "
about the size IF tha gnosa ara ooveSr5ej
in sand in boxes, which are eynosed
on a roof TO the hot RAYS If y tranicaI
sun. the Young REPTILES annearino in a