The Wilmington daily Republican., 1895-10-21
STATISTICS OF STRIKES
Interesting Facts from the Report
Of Commissioner Wright.
THE GREAT LOSS TO THE WORKERS.

In Thirteen aud a Hslfyears the Employees
Sacrificed Through Strikes and Lockouts
$40, ,sss. .sss, while Empioysrs Lost as4.-
s25.ss7-Ons Half the Strikes snccss.fai.
WASHINGTON, Dot. a1.--In his tenth an
nual report, devoted to strikes and look
outs, which has Just been completed, Hon.
Carroll ID. Wright, commissioner Of labor,
computes thRt the loss TO employees In es-
tzbllshments In which loc<outs and striises
Occurred during the thirteen and half
years ending June 80, 1894, amounted to
sl9o, ,49a, Bso, and to employers TO eo4, ,seb,-
ss7. The loss to employees on account OF
strikes was si63, ,s07 1856, and on account Of
lookouts, ga, ,685, ,516; to employers on 40
count OF strikes, $3.50 900, 1856, and ON 40
count of lockouts, s1a, ,285, ,451.
The number Of establishments involved
In strikes in this period was 90, 1877, and
the number OF persons thrown out of en-
ployment by reason Of strikes, B,71s, ,406,
making an average loss to the employs Of
each establishment Of q ,38s, and to each
person of ~. The number Of establish
ments involved In lockouts was e,oe7, and
the number Of persons locked out. 888 900.
These persons lost an average OF $78 each.
The assistance given to strikers and the
subjects Of lockouts during the period
amounted, az far as asoertainable, to ei8,-
48s, 704, or little over per cent. of the
total loss to employees.
This report will cover about 200 pages,
and gives all the information ascertain.
able concerning strikes and lockouts for
the seven and half years ending JuneS0,
1894, especially covered by the report. It,
however, includes the figures given In q
previous report on the same subject, clos
ing with 1885. The report Is largely de-
voted to tables showing the causes, dura-
tions, location and cost of these labor dis
turbances, and also gives many other facts
of interest bearing upon strikes and lock.
outs.
One Of the most important tables given
is that relating to the causes Of strikes,
This table shows that more than fourth
Of them were caused by refusal to accede
to demand for increase Of wages over I8
per cent for refusal to concede O reduo-
tion Of hours, and more than per cent.
by the determination Of employers to re-
duoe wages. There were 86o0, or almost
per cent. of the strikes caused by sym
pathetic action with other strikes, and
l,6SS were ocoasioned by the employment
of non.union men. The industries most
affected by strikes in the past seven and n
20, 7S5 establishments involved. After these
N the order Of Importance came coal and
ioke, clothing, tobacco, food preparations,
stone quarrying etc.
Out Of q total Of 10, 4ss strikes in the en-.
tire country for this period 5000, or to ex-
coed 80 per cent, occurred In twenty-six of
the principal cities, while Of the establish
ments involved In lockouts over 81 per
cent occurred In these cities. Fifty-nine
per cent. of the establishments engaged in
strikes were closed on an average of %
days, and 81 per cent. of those engaged in
lockout for an average Of B5 days, the loss
Of time In other cases being only tempor-
ary. In each case there were a few estab-
lishments closed permanently.
Success was gained by the employees In
over 4s per cont of the strikes partial sue
cess In over 10 per cent, while the remain
ing 40 per cent, were failures. Over 4s per
cent of the lockouts succeeded completely
and over 10 per cent. partially.
In the successful strikes 06o, o0o persona
were thrown out of employment, sis,so1
In those partially successful, and 1,4OO. .98s
in those which failed OF the total num-
Der Of persons thrown out Of employment
by strikes in the entire period Of thirteen
and half years, 878 per cent. were 70.
males, and by lockouts q. SO.
OF the 1o,4se strikes which occurred In
the seven and half years especially COW
cred by the present report, 1895 were or
dered by labor organizations, while Of the
449 lockouts Of this period only 81 were or
dered by organizations Of employers.
Sixty mine per cent. of all the strikes
and rs per cent. of all the loclouts of the
seven and a half year period treated of oc-
CURED In the five states Of Illinois, New
York, Pennsylvania, Ohio and MGssachu-
setts, Illinois taking the lead of all the
states Of the union.