The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1895-11-14
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

oSICNSE ANU tINOOS T.
In 1885 gold pen manufacturing be-
gan in earnest and on a considerable
scale in America, being inaugurated in
New York by Levi Brown.
When hat making was introduced
into America is not certainly known,
but in 1882 the industry had become SO
extensive that English hat makers COM
planned bitterly that not only could
they not sell their hats in America, but
that American hats were actually sold
in England.
The enormous extent of the for
csts, and also of the lumber industries,
of the northwest is indicated by the
fact that this year Washington will
make shipments of lumber aggregating
100000, 900 feet, Oregon 15O,O0O,OOO feet
and British Columbia 100000 feet.
And there is no danger of the supply
running short.
San Jose, one of the principal Cali
fornia fruit-shipping points, sent east
in one week JAG, 800 pounds of green
fruit, 2,363,s35 pounds of sun-cured
fruit, S70,950 pounds of canned fruit
and 447,000 gallons of wine and brandy.
During the same time Fresno shipped
east 40 car loads of raisins, making
about $50 car loads of this fruit sent
eastward this season. San Jose also
sent east 53,2S0 pounds of garden seeds
during last week
Of the human heart Dr. Ephraim
Cutter writes: 81 have listened to the
heart sounds of one woman and one
man, both over 90 years of age, with
feelings of awe, and have thought how
wonderful it was that these hearts had
pulsated so long, propelling blood
| through vessels which if possible to
be ranged in one line would on a very
moderate estimate reach twice around
the earth, or $4,000 miles, with leeway
for the average red disc of one-forty-
eight-thousandth of an inch!"
The antitoXin discoveries have in
| fused the greatest amount of activity
into the labors of the psychologists of
Europe, and Il correspondent of the
Sun writes to warn young americans
that, for the present, they had best stay
at home, for the eminent men of the old
| country are too much engrOssed with
their own Original Investigations" TO
have time for imparting instructions to
others. He concludes by saying that
1.-THE scientific men of to-day who are
making Investigations in bacteriology
are as feverish as We're the prospectors
| for gold in California half century
ago"
Ether is preferred as an anaesthetic
! in northern countries and chloroform
! in the south, although ether tends to
cause secretion in the air passages and
| bronchial trouble. One cause is I'M
doubtedly the difficulty of keeping
ether in hot climates. But DIR. Lam
der Rrunton suggests that the gen
eral abstention from meat may be
another reason for the successful use
of chloroform. He is led to this from
the increased number of fatalities I'M
der chloroform in Edinburgh since the
! introduction of American and Austria
Ian meats, which has made meat eating
more common among all classes in
| Scotland.
DR.. Heubner, professor of the dis
eases of children in the University of
Berlin, has published an important re-
port on the results of the serum treat
ment of diphtheria. The number of
deaths this year in Berlin, 434, was 200
less than the average and 100 less than
in the most favorable year on record,
while the number of cases has in
creased. The same observation has
been made in London and Paris. The
treatment unquestionably facilitates
the casting off of exudations in the
pharynX and influences very favorably
the course of the fever. The serum is
perfectly innocuous. The probability
of the complete success of the treat
ment is increasing every month.