davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01
NEW YEAR ioTTINGs.
Flesh Fashion Leaves From a Girl $
Notebook.


Flesh Fashion Leaves From Girl $
Notebook.
a novelty is q waist made entirely
of perforated velveteen.
Girls and misses frocks are trim.
med with lace Vnndykes.
Felt hats with full velvet crowns
are fashionable for young girls.
Chinchilla is used for edging and
for collars on half long ermine
opera cspes.
Collars of double faced yellow or
rose satin ribbon are used on Van.
dyke lace yokes.
Tea gowns of white bengaline are
trimmed with lace and fur, mink re
ceiylng the greatest favor.
- velvet IN small plaids is effective
III combination with creamy guipure
lace on children's hest dresses.
On white silk petticoats are lace
futiies with heading of a twisted
band OF white satin ribbon, No. 9
or 7.
Cherry velvet is extensively used
for belts, cuffs, yokes and crush
collars on black serge and crepon
gowns.
Caracule is still considered the
leading novelty of the season. Black
grounds with close. colored lines are
the prettiest.
Sealloped ruflles, perforated in q
small design, are set over a rufile of
"a bright color, and used as trim.
ming on black or dark blue silk
petticoats.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01
BANKING CAPITAL,

The banking capital of Norfolk
anu Portsmouth represents the sum
OF 81, 800, 900, which will be recog.
nized as splendid exhibit, rs com
pnred with other cities of the eoun-
try. The following showing of the
balances paid IN the clearing house
from 1880 to the present time is
probably the strongest showing that
can he presented of the growth
and development of our banking in
terest:
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01
CEMENT FOR BETTING.
Recipe for Firmly Joining the lea
ther Edges.

RECIPE Tor FIRMLY Joining the lea.
ther Edges.
The following are given ID the
journal OF the Society of Chemical
Industry as suitable cements for
making joints in leather driving
belts: % Equal parts of good hide
glue and American isinglass, soft
ened IN water for ten hours, and
then boiled with pure tannin until
the whole mass is sticky. The sur.
face of the joint should be rough.
sned and the cement applied hot.
CD One kilogram OF finely shred
ded gnttn percha digested over a
water bath with ten Kilograms OF
benzol until quite dissolved, when
two Kilograms of llnseed oil varpish
are stirred in.
(3.) One and half Kilograms OF
finely shredded india rubber is com.
pietely dissolved in ten Kilograms OF
carbon blsulphide by heating. While
hot one kilogram of shelac and one
kliogram of Iurpentine is added. and
the solution heated until the two
latter ingredients are also dissolved.
(Q. One kilogram Of best glue is
dissolved at moderate heat iu Il
Kilograms of water, and thickened
to the consistency of syrup. One
hundred grams of thick turpentint
and 5 grams OF carbolic acid are
carefully stirred in while hot. The
mixture is poured into Hat tin pan,
and allowed to cool. then cut ,ntt
pieces and dried in the air.
The cement is made liquid with {
little vinegar and applied to thu
Joint with brush. The two end
of the joint are then placed togethel
and pressed between two iron plate,
heated to about sc degrees F.
Power.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01
Mr.. Van Wrinkle, Of Knoxville Tribun

TRIBUNE OFFICE,
kSoxvILLF. Tenn, December 49, 81.
". Giennan, Esq, Editor Norfolk
IirgHiidn:
DEAR SIR:-Great ia Norfolk.
"Greater Norfolk" will be the equal
Of my entry port. 1t does not take
stranger long to note tho achieve.
ments of Norfolk, perfecte d and
projected; strong confidence In
her prospects for the future is be.
gotten by trip through her ave-
nues on land and water.
Fancy city, all but surrounded
by the rivers of an inland sen, with
harbors and docks oil either side
the narrow strips OF land containing
streets and business houses; ships
with sails, steamers of might, and
tugs with tremendous whistles lying
around these docks or leaving waves
through the busy water courses.
cargoes of every nature, Southern
soil particularly being loaded and
transferred; great oonl docks near
by; shipbullding by Government
and private corporation, in full SWAY.
employing thousands Of men; everv
coast lined with fish and oyster
boats busy with their nets and
tongs; great railroad terminals.
successful wholesale aud retail mer
camille houses, and you have the
picture of what Norfolk and her
suburbs already are. This incom.
plete enumeration does not mention
tue very important business of truck
farming III the neighboriug country,
which has become an immense in
dustry, and now Is factor in Nor.
folks welfare. In season, whole
trainloads of early garden products
leave Norfolk and on express speed
to Western and Northern mark cts.
| ship after ship makes its cargo of
this same source of wealth 10 the
producer. During the late unla.
mented tight money period, it is
SAID, the truckers were the salvation
of Norfolk, leaving OH deposit
through it all about Sc, 600. 900.
Despite difficulties, hard to over.
come, your city has moved forward.
and to-day is recognized as a South
ern city with al unquestioned sue
cessful future. The enterprlsino
railroads, which there touch the sea-
and the great steamship companies
which take the fteleht. the former
lays down, and IN return gives them
many carloads to take inland. rec.
ognize that advantage in Terminating
there. Both are spending moneV
ior terminal grounds aud preparing
to enjoy Norfolk's greatness after
they have helped to achieve it.
Greater Norfolk" is the dream
oil many citizen, which he trust ;
VIII be an accomplished fact be
lore the next census enumerator
come around with their Worrying
questions, for Norfolk, like Knox,
vilie, wants ell the outlying popula
:ion included IN her generous Dor.
ders. Norfolk and the cities around
on the points and capes will grow rs
surely and strongly rs the oceans
Tide swells through Hampton Roads
Their avenue to sea. The nayies OF
the world have foated in her preai
harhors, thus snbstantiating her
proud boast. The South IS with
Norfolk and for her. Southern
newspapers will stand for her and
be ever willing advocatoas of her
greatness.
! You are right, Mr.. Glennan. in
booming Norfolk through TnE VIZ.
OMAN. No paper, however. conjd
40 justice to what your CITY OUGHT
by right to be, and will be.
JOHN S. VAN WINKLE.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01
REAL ESTATE BUSINESS.
S23,584,94 90
The above Figures Represent the
Transactions for Past Five Years.
NORFOLK CITY - S1O,92O.d9i
PORTSMOUTH 2,IS4.5IS
NORFOLK COUNTY 10,ISO. 100
THE FIGURES SPEHK FOR THEMSELVES
II is a Showing HOT Equaled by any
Section in the South.

The figures presented above very
truly speak for themselves. They
represent the transactions in real
estate during the past five years.
They are compiled from the records
of the realty transactions of the Nor
folk Journal of Commerce, and are
absolutely correct. 1t is revelation
this showing of the real estate bust
ness in this immediate section dur.
ing the past five years-TwENTY-
THREE MILLION, FIVE HUNDRED AND
EIGHTY-FoUR THOUSAND, NINE HUN
DRIED AND FORTY. ONE DOLLARS (S23, :
obs, 941. 00)-an immense amount of
money to be put down in real estate.
The figures are as follows:
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01

obtained with other metals when
clean surfaces were pressed togethe +
and subjected to prolonged heating,
though the temperature in many
cases was far below the melting
point of the metal.
Tins, when two pieces of plati-
mum were thus treated at q tempera-
ture of 100 degrees Fahrenheit, or
about 1850 degrees Fahrenheit
below its point of fusion, adhesion
took place. With brittle metals,
such as antimony and bismulh, this
welding action is not observed.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01

They have arge.list Of shippers. and
an extensive acquaintance among North =
ern All Eastern buyers, viii h enables
Il EN- at all times 10 Obtain the highest
markctSprices Tor their customers con-
slEnment5, and aS an evidence CT salts
fl tory sales their commission bushes
IL ead!ly increas nE. In addition TO
Their commission business thoy are large
buyers OF lumber. particularly In n 7
dried boards. an during the past year
have made extensive purchases 3. ANA arc
i'll Tie uIarket ct all times for this com
modify. either III cargo or car lots. III
dimension stun prODauiv 10 concern OIL
this market handle "a much. aS they
have several mills cutting for them, both
in the long leaf pine strict and III Nir-
GINA morchantruie stun; thoir principal
trade. however is in hOEl II CAROLINA
PINE BOARDS, and any one having any
thing t. offer in this line would do we'll TO
communicate with them.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01
bALANogs PAID IN c1EARIxG norsr.

-, The VIRdINIAN is under obligations
to the manager OF the Clearing
House, Mr.. Is. Watkins Leigh, for
the valuable data contained in the
above statements.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01

MIR Bull, of this concern has beon
identified with the lumb, business Tor
Z ONE years. an is thoroughly amiliar
vita the bus ness III every detail.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01
{. H. Bull { Co,

Among tho IN ost rominent buyer; I'm
maulpulators OF North G rolina Pine and
Georgia Lone ! cat Heart Pine is the
firm OF @. II. BULL. Il 90, located in 81
Columbia Building in this city.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01

White and light colored broche
tafl'eta frocks for young girls are
trimmed with gulpure lace and vel
vet,
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01

The bus ness for 1870! showenm incres O
over I'll I OF last year, parIicu arl. in
ehei cargo hec0 III ing til faoi
that Norfolk cOuli never take a foIemogt
place among the ports OF this country
by coutinIng herself 10 the handling or
cotton alone, for this reason. the com
pany have made every effort to atttact
general cargo, ANA with n phenomenal
eucctsI.
The Norfolk Virginian. [volume] (Norfolk, Va.) 186?-189?, 1895-01-01

Last year. this Company han 10 l24. .
t96 bales OF cotton. l3s,2l4 sacks OF flour.
90, ~ bushels OF wheat. 345, 523 bushels
OF corn. log ami lumber l7u.U0O pieces.
10, $50 hogshe0ds of tobacco. 30 600 pack
ages oi laci. 400 head OF cattle. 800 900
slaves. olual to l0l.UUU tons OF 22IO
pounds. Tho ship ing of -four. tobac o.
lard ana cattle ~ II new b lsiness that this
company has attracted To Norfolk.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16

The Buffalo News. In recent article.
remarks upon the fact that Bernard
Gillian. the cartoonist of Judge. Is one OF
the few living men whose cartoons have
ever changed vote In the United States
senate"
Bernard Gillian Ii young man. but Is.
He received his art education In England.
He Is today the foremost carteonist OF
America.
In 1850 he came 20 Harpers Weekly as
the colleague of the immortal Mast. Ills
work afserward for Frank LesIie's and
Puck we'll fitted him for bringing Judge
20 Its present success. In 1875 Mr.. Gillian
went into partnership with W. ]. ArkcIl
and bought Judge. The full page colored
cartoons. Mr.. Giilams special province
on Judge. equal the remarkable efforts OF
the great Keppier. I'm Judges Older rival.
There is probably no form OF brain work
that In so exhausfing. so exaeting aud so
intense as the work of the great artist on
the large comic papers To turn out bril-
liant ideas with the regularity of machin-
cry and yet keep their work up to the
high standard set by their splendid repu-
tntion. makes fearful demands upon their
nervous vitality. Mr.. Gillian knows what
severe work means.
The nervous strain of his responsible
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16

A. L. Parker ct al. ssaS. IS; J. u. Lowman
et al. VS.. u. W. West eft al: Standard
Mill Company Va. ". j. F'ish, ss<T5i.
Standard MN Company va. James Saiiee.
sisS. IS. Standard Mili Company Va. j. q.
Baertsch. sSsn.4s; Standard MIL Company
vs. Neis NJ. Ross. 1887.
In the case OF T.. W. Andrews VS.. Stand
ard Mil Company et al. the receiver was
yesterday ordered 10 turn over to the
Seattle National Bank a note of Patrick
Scuilin for $50
The spprassemenf Of the estate of Da-
Md A. Ames, deceased. shows real prop
erty valued at i.3ss and personally at sisS.
Newton II. Peer yesterday petiftoned
Judge Langley for letters OF administra-
ton OF the estate OF Emma III. Msiiisan,
deceased. who died In Morgan county.
IN. iss4 leaving an undivided ons-fourth
interest en- the estate OF Cornelius Van
porcn. ordered distributed November IL.
1896 The interest Is worth ahont SD.
Articles OF incorporation were aies with
the county auditor yesterday for the I'M
,iussrial Cooperative Society. facorpor-
atcrs. John Cooper. John Burns. +. "
IsYries. r. Foster. James Aunn. Fred
Damn ard Walter Walker; capital s. In
SO shares Of cent each.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16

position has at times brought him near
10 prostratfon and the giving up of his
work. He says la u letter dated New
York. November Is. 1894:
No tonic that j have taken has done
me so much good as Paine's celery CON-
pound. When | am run down or ex-
hausted after particularly exacting work
on cartoons and other artistic occupa-
tons, I have found dose of the COM
pound exceedingly beneficial as re-
storative for the nerves.
The racing speed of the marvellous new
processes for swiftly carrying out mems
ideas is taxing TO their utmost the ner-
vous systems Of countless men and
women.
A cry of protest Is going M all over
the country from medical men against
the suicidal waste OF nerve force. Preach
srs. editors. lawyers. even doctors them
selves, from their daily round OF hard.
anxious work-eyery brain worker. In
fact. who fabors draws heavily upon his
nervous vitality. must take alarm at the
FIRST sign of hrain-tire. pressure, fullness
or tension In the head. or nervous fatigue.
In every city sn the United States phy-
sicians every day are not only prescrib-
ing. but themselves using Paine's celery
compound for weakness and nervous de-
hiity. for curing the effect of poor and
unhealthy blood. disorders of liver. kid
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16
THE LIBRARY REoPENED.
Readers Crowd I'm tn Pay the Fce-Ths
Closing Hour.


The Seattle public library was opened
again yesterday morning under the fee
fee system of 10 cents per month and the
people passed In as thickly and applied
for books as IL the institution was still
conducted on free basis. J. y. Akin
son, the librarian. wishes II particularly
understood that the reading room depart
rnent is free. as II always has been.
The Zee of 10 cents is only for those
holding borrowers cards The fee system
is conaiaered an Improvement on the old
for. whereas some families held four or
five cards. under the new system family
Is not expected 10 take more than three
cards This fee. which Is small, will
mean a great deal fer the library. for IL
will keep the Institution alive ard viii go
towards buying new books. reeInding cid
ores and furnishing duplicates of others.
Under the old arrangement 100 gnern-
berShip cards were issued. Yesterday
about 60 people entered their cards under
the new rule. almost all paying for a
months membership. others for three
months and few FER a year. The COM
mission has decided Ia close the library
hereafter az o'clock Ia the evening I'm
stead OF II. as heretofore. There are al
ways several hundred people in the rooms
up to 9 o'clock, and after that hour only
a few remain until n while closing an
hour earlier viii saye about IS q month
Ia expenses Of lights.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16
ADULTERY NOT PROVEN.
George II. Beedy Has Not Yet Been
Freed From His Wife

In Judge Humss' court yesterday George
+. Beedy failed TO get a divorce from
Alice II. Beedy. whom he had charged
With adultery. The testimony showed
that the woman had abandoned her hus-
hand and children, but IL was not SUM-
cant In the Judgment OF the court to es-
wish tho allegations OF the complaint.
n1ay introduced Charles III. King, Ellen
cskssll. George III. Cochran. II. l. Miller
srtjames II. Kindred. while Mrs. Beeiy
aasi to appear. The case WAS continued.
Jane Anderson was divorced by Judge
lknsley from o. W. Anderson. to whom
hs was married at Chatham. Ont, July
\ is5G. The decree was granted on the
gfound of abandonment. The parties are
eelored and formerly lived at Franklin.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16
When Baby wss sick. we gave her Castoria.
When sire was q Ch.ld. she cried For castorsa.
When she became Miss, she chung 10 Cassoria.
When she had Children. she gave them Cassorfa
There Was No rrnu,i

Assistant Land Commissioner Bowers
has relieved the timber land entry of Ell
more r. Brooks for the northeast quarter
section -. township 3 north. range east,
from suspension. This entry rs sus-
pended March &c. 1895 in connection with
n large number OF timber land selections
made about the Same time. Subsequent
investigation by Special Agent Mark At
kisgaa revealed that the allegations az
fraud or trTegniartsy OF entry we're with
out cause. He recommended that the sus-
pension be removed and the assistant land
commissioner agrees with him.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16

neys, stomach, heart and the nervous
system
An effective remedy must first enter the
blood TO cure rheumatism. Local treat
ment for constitutional disorder viii do
no good rheumatism. govt. biood-poison-
ing, scrofula. etc. are diseases lodged In
the blood.
Just why Palne's celery compound cures
while other remedies fail. is because all
It's ingredients effectually aid the system
TO rid itself of any poisonous humors In
the blood.
Hundreds OF cases have within this year
been reported directly from persons, be-
tween the ages OF Is and S.. suffering from
acute Bright's disease. who have been
permanently cured by Paine's celery COM
pound. 1t stops the gradual structural
changes In the kidneys. restores their Wig
or and removes such alarming symptoms
as the gradual loss of strength. pallor OF
the face, shortuess of breath, pain In tho
back and sides. dropsy and puffy con-
dition of the skin. AS a spring medicine
II Is absolutely without a rival.
Every overworked man and woman, re-
duced In strength, flesh and nervous Wig
or, will ind powerful restorative In
Faine's celery compound. II Is food for
the brain and nerves. IL sends new.
healthy blood through the arteries. 1t
makes people well.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16
RECEIVER TAKES ALL.
ualey Grocerys Confessed
Judgment Set Aside.
NJ CREDITORS shARE ALIKE.
C5lss Finds Flaws In Admiuistrasor
Psrkerss Accounss-Ihs Devfs
jury Can't Agree.
Ill CREDITORS SNARE ALIKE

1he judgment for $i2.soo confessed nv
&c Haley Grocery Company 20 r. 81. o.
esed was yesterday SET aside BY Judge
langley and the receiver authorised q,
lake possession of the entire stock az the
eempany heretofore levied Snder ex.ru-
,siion and advertised for sale by the sheriff
today.
i me decision was reached after arm.
rant o. the attorneys during the rresser
toffion OF the afternoon. The question
sesmed TO turn upon the point whether
he grocery company 1T the time. the
judgmens was obtained was solvent, coun-
~ for ossood coutendfng that the com
tsny had done nothing Irregular In de-
5sndsng the FIRST suit In such q way a To
Glow osgood to become a preferred cfed-
nor. On the other hand, u was argued
that the firm had been insoisvnt befor.
fragment was confessed, and thar to al
1ew the stock 10 be sold under execution
would wrong the other creditors. who
psre entitled to share pro rata with %.
ocod
The case WAS not concluded until s.n.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16
Cnnrts anal pnl,lic on,cr..

The viii az James A. Day. deceased. Was
admitted 10 probate in the superior court
yesterday.
Joseph Groll was yesterday appointed
administrator OF the estate Of Joseph M.
Ptahi, deceased. lie furnished head for
t
John II. Powell was yesterday appoint
Cd administrator ar the estate az L. III.
Edeien. deceased. who formerly lived IN
Santa Clara county, Cal. The property IN
taiS state consstS of four lots in New
Nhatcons and about thirty acres Of land
near this city. The heirs at law are SUSIE
T. zad BESSIE II. F:aeisa. Of Oakland.
Cal
Jatgnents have been signed III the Sc
pegiar court IN the following cases c. N.
l.andorff VS. II. y. HashAlAa 60 al, sl@l.ses
Seattle Building aud Loan Association VI.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16

In tho suit of Cornell University Va.
the Saekman- Phillips Investment Com
paar a petition of interpleader was yes
tsrssay filed by A. T. Lundherg. an oc-
cnpant of the premises OF the Investment
Company. at the southeast corner OF Sec
ond and Pike streets. who stated that
corwin 4. Shank claimed the rent for
March by virtue of an assignment from
the company. and threatens 10 site IL the
tame Is not paid Lundherg has also been
served with like notice from the attorneys
OF the university. He does not know
which one Is entitled 10 the rent. and
Asks the court 10 decide.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16
PONY THIEF CAPTURED.
Young Man From Kent Gets Into Jail
I'm short Order.

After enjoying the possession or 10
ynar-old ssa-spound hluish-rean scar-sacei
pony for a few hours. Frank kisfnfelder
yesterday fell into fhe clutches OF Sheriff
Naa Dc Santcr. and was todged In sae
King county SaA. The horse belongs to
Joe Rinehar., Of Kent. ard was taken
from the stable night before last. Rine-
hart a. once offered s. reward. The
horse was recovered near Kent. Klein
fielder took hts arrest rhiIosophicaIiy ard
prepared for his enfFass>s1 sz-.::Se .he tatA by
co.sceaisng a large paag OF tobacco In enc
OF ais SOCKS
What are you doing that for was
asked.
~wei.. want II when I get Inside. ard
I know these fellows will take IL II they
get a chance was the answer
At last accounts he rad the weed.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16
An IneauI,able Decl.lon.

Thomas 7. Litteii. guardian ad Item
Of the Grifiiths children in the action
brought by Eliza j. Griffiths for partition
OF property. yesterday excepted To the re-
port of the referees. by which he says
Mrs. Griffiths Is awarded property worth
Ei,ss0 or $a6e more than her share. while
the children are given SS0.peG or $3.50 less
than their share. making q difference Of
c.s0 In favor OF the plaintiff The fig-
ures. he says, should be SIS. $50 and So. 80.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16

Wednesday afternoon and FASTENED IN
Grace church. where the ceremony was
performed. Then they went to the home
of the bride at Columbia and Sixth
streets and made the announcement, of
the wedding The brides parents, while
surprised at the news. received the young
couple with open arms.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-03-16

IN the superior court yesterday new
suits wese tiled as foiiowss
Peck q prnnssng Va. Washington Oyster
House~-Transeript from justice court.
81 SO
Standard Aiui Company VS.. James Saiiee
--F'rufnisSory note. SIT.
Standard MN Company VS.. NJ. Roos---
PrcmlsscFy note. Siaa.
Standard MN Company vs.. w. ]. Fish
~.sramsssory note. Saaa.
Standard Min Company Va j. @.
Hasrtsch~p romtssory note. SIS Ell.