davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Der fortschritt. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1891-1915, 1895-08-29
@tme e~etabrlide Seaomfabrt.

Cine 1ol9e baden tiirali@ bic beiz
ben Quftf4iHer 2aurib Sobannien
unb 2opal bon &openbagen aug se>
ma4t. Der 8alon fties anfunss
gu elmer betrd6tli9en 90be unb Be-
fanb fi4 balb Iber Der Sniel @altz
bolm. 9a 2opal germ nod an benz
felben Mbenb mad &openbaeen auz
riidtebren mollte, bei@loB Sobannz
len, bic 2anbung gu periu9en. Nber
fte eIidte nidt. Cine ni%ebrisere
Minbri4tung fibrte ben 8anpn BON
Der Sniel fort, uno es mubte 8allait
aussetporf fen perben, UNI i'm mieber
gum Stetsen gu brinsen. Der Balz
lon bob it4 unb = tpurbe. pieber
uber bic Sniel s%etrieben. Mu@ elm
opetter 2anbungsperiu9 mibgliidte.
Sobannien ieBte nun feline 9oHnung
bcrauf Der i4mebii9en &uite 10 nabe
mie mDgli4 gu tommen. Ser lebte
8aQai It nurbe iiber Borb getporfen.
Mieber itieg Der 8allon, aber ni@t gez
mug, unb man tpar geatpungen, Nnz
ter unb Mntertau gu tappen. Die
Quft19ifer bDrten bas pldt59ernbe
@erdui9, ais bic beiben @egenitdnbs
in ben Me0en per1@manben. SSnz
3pii9en mar bag @entil 9eDFnet
1porben, es lit in fol9en GdQen nid)t
mebr ppQtommen bi9t. Gin She'll
bes @aies mar perbrau9t, nod mebr
ftr0mte aus, unb als man anbertbalb
Meilen bon Der i9mebi14en Ri1te
entfernt mar, entf@lob ft@ Sobannien,
aun bic @onbel gu ppfern. ST nnb
2oDal troden in ben Sing binauf,
unb faum batten lie BARN einen fez
item Salt g%etponnen, als lie ibre er1te
Saude betamen. 9inunter iauiten
lie in's Wafer uno fosen mieber in
Bic 6Dfyss, sSn nD1ig bur4ndbtem
3u5tanbe bemiibten lie it4, bic adt
@trids, lDel@e bic @onbel bielten, nit
einem Sai4enmeKer gu 5er14netoen.
9inunter fog bic @onoel, in bic 9Dz
be Der 8aqon. Mber MIR tpentge
Qugenblide. Na@bem ct ii9 etpa
1000 SUB erbrben, iant ct mieber
unb bic Quftf4iFer erbielten ibre
3apeite Saude. Won iebt ab mar bic
@ei1e cine @etbe BON @pringen bur9
bas @aNer. ssSn gebidter Ste1ung
iiBenb, tlati@ten Sobannien unb fein
8egleiter tp~entgftens bunbert Mal in
bas naTe Clement binein. @nblt4
befanb it9 Der Balpn nrr Elm paar
bunbert Glen BON ber @iiite, unb So
banni len, benz bic @efabr beoentlt4
portam, tpel9e unter bieien @erbdltz
niKen nit einem Steeple4afe iber
ben Grbboben nerbunben 1T, bei41oB,
lteber bas lebte Mittel i'm Mafer an
aubringen. Rur3 enti@lofen Dffnete
er bas @enttl. Das ManDber gliidz
te boutommen. @om 2anbe aus NOR
Der @alon unb bic @efabr ber Reiz
fenben bemertt pnrben. Ser BAL
lon ma9te nod einen lebten f4muz
@en Sprung, bann i@lug ct unmitz
telbar an ber Stranbfante auf feitem
Boben, cine Mense 9dnbe grtffen au,
bic 2ufH@iffer puren gerettet. Der
8allon mar bel 8jerrrDel, einige M}etz
len nDrbli4 BON MalmD, gelanbet.
@dbrenb Spbannfen ii@ tpobl Be-
fanb, mar 2opal I'M b0@iten @rabe
ermattet. Die gauge Heiie, bom
Muf1tieg Biz CUR 2anbung, bate cine
@tunbe in Mnipru@ genommen.
Der fortschritt. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1891-1915, 1895-08-29
Ser YaNasieroampfer vseaioro" piro
pum Jradtoampier "Vpon''
algcratnlt
ltnb iintt infolse her erbalteuen 8c=
iddbisuneen alsbalb in bic
gieie.
Sod n.rben air VaNagiere be 5ea=
forb" pom ,yprp" 9liidlid
gercttete

2onbon iber cine atpii9en ben Damz
pfern ,.Seaforo" unb r2pon" i'm
Ranal itattsebabte Rolliiion. Der Gr=
itere nit 450 Reiienben. barunter mebr
als 100 Mmeritaner. melde bon "a=
ris na4 2onbon reiiten, itieb am
Dienitag Na9mittass 4 llbr mitten
i'm &anal nit benz Oampfer ,Qpon"
5ufammen unb iant pentse Minuten
ipGter. Mue an Borb purben BON benz
tonibirenben S4iFe r2pon", bon berz
Ielben @inie eerettet. Ser .Seaforb"
mar zines Der id0nfte ten @9ife, nel4e
3pi19en SEEM 9aben unb 9ieppe fubz
rem unb tpurbe Defenders bon Mmeri=
tanern beporaust. Der r@eaforo"
perlieb 0ieppe Bel f40nem Wetter
unb glattsr See. &uro Dor 4 l1br
fam oas S6if a6er in einen bi4=
ten Mebel. Was nun folste, sebt aus
naGftebenber @rodbluns bes b%etannten
Netp Dorter Nnmaltes GERM Craig
u. Marib berpor:
sd iaB auf Der 2anbieite in Der
Mitte bes @@iFes am @elanber. Stint
Minuten Dor benz 3uiammenit ob sins
i4 nit einem Greunb binunter. Wir
fublten ben StoB, aber er mar ni4t
beftieer, als tpenn bas Ser1ep Gdbrz
boot gegen bas Men Dort 9od an
fdbrt. ST elite auf Ded unb funb
bic Settle bes S4iFes eingeitoBen.
@erabe :tpp t9 seie1en bate, befano
ii9 elm teilf0rmiges grobes Sod.
Drei Met1enbe, tpelde nit mir bier
gefeNen batten, lagen NIT gebroAenen
@liebsrn auf Dsd. Sd iu4te iofort
meme 6rau auf benz promenaoenz
Ded. Wir badten 3ueri i ntdt barar.
bab bas S4iF finite, benn bic Off
5iere perii9erten, baB feline @efabr
borbanben lei. 8alb aber bemertten
mir, bab mir 1anten, benn bas Maiz
ier ibrang itetig hur4 bic SeHnung in
ben S4ifsruum. 3pei Mbtbeilungen
maren uufgebro9en.
Ollie Reilenbsn erbtelten &ettungsz
giirtel, tpel@e ioglei4 an9e3osen tpurz
ben. @s ipurbe berir4t, bic 8oote ins
MaKer gu laf1en, mas ni4t gelang,
aber auh unnDtbig mar. Der anbere
Dampfer fam ldn9sieit unb bic See
mar 10 rubig, bab Derfelbe bart an.
bas @elG1rber unlegen tonnte. Mir be-
itiegen bann sbas anbere Boot uno
nur an Der Gilfertigteit, nit oer otes
ae1bah, tonnte mon ettpaS panit be-
merten. SIS tparen ba einige Strange
len, tpel9e ii9 mie Geiglinge benuhz
men, inbem fie bic 6rauen BON benz
@eldnber tpegiieBen uno ii4 oorz
brGngten. Cine 6rau fiel iber 8oro,
aber Elm Matroie iprang ibr na4 uno
lie fam nit etnem gequet14ten SUP
bapon. Das S9iT fant in tpenig:r
als 3ebn Minuten, na4bem mir an
Borb bes r2pon" paren. SIS 1ant
langfam, '@tern 3uerit, ber Bug bob
1i4 bo4 in bic Suit. Mls bas Mofer
ben Refel errei4te, erfolgte cine ST.
ploiion unb bann pl0blt4 ben Bug
gum 3enitb ri9tenb, berf4nanb bus
.5@iT. @apt. Sbarp ftanb auf ber
Bride bes r2pon" unb fanbte ieinem
fintenbsn S@iH traurig feinen @rub
.na4."
Scr ,.2Don" mar borne i4ltmm
augeri9tet, aber ct lanbete bic &etien<
ben gliidli9 I'm 9 l1br Mbenbs. sic
errei4ten 2pnbon bor Mitterna4t.
sic perloren Mue ibr @epdd. Der
.I@eaforb" mar Elm reues Boot uno
toitete $35O,000.
Der fortschritt. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1891-1915, 1895-08-29
ecu Gin Cabinet btloen.'

Mien, 81. Mug. Der &atfer bat
ben aStattbalter BON @ali5ien, @raf
8abeni, in @erbtnbuna nit Ser Bill
,brng stnes permanenten Miniitert=
ums mad Si@l bei4ieben.
Der fortschritt. [volume] (New Ulm, Minn.) 1891-1915, 1895-08-29
Sd)mci,.

8a1elFabt. Die gludliden
8afeler erbulten i@on pieoer cine
neue 3eitung. r8asler 8oltsiimane1
nennt lie fiG, tpiu tpeber reAts nod
lints ii9 neigen, lonbern ben serabtu
Meg Der Wabrbeit tpanbeln. rfdr beS
0oltes Rebte, gesen alles S4le4te--
Hebatteur, 8erleger unb Druder III
9err s. 9dnai. 9as 8latt eri1eint
nDdentli4 einmal.
Die Mrbeiter Der 3entralbabn perz
langten @ratisperabfolgung bDn
Dienitmiibs unb Dienftblouie, fotpie
2obnerb0bung. @riteres pprbe be-
piligt, leBteres nidt.
ct. @allen. Sn einem Brief
beridtet 9err Resierungsratb Gurti
Der n3iri9er Poit" BON einem Gren5z
ftreit nit Mp~pen3eqsM Gsr
banbelt li9 Inn bic 2anbmarf am
@dntis. Die Mppenaeler trfldren
benfelben als 9retldnbertein, 81.
@al1en bagegen nimmt bic WaKeridei=
be als @renas unb beanfprudt ben
boben Sdntts fir 1etn @ebtet; alS
Martftein gilt Tim Der @%preHfpiB.
Sn bieien Saaen lit cine @eielfdaft
bon 8unbesridtern, Experimentation
unb Mbbotaten untertpegs, INN boz
Serrain in Museni4ein gu nebmen..
Buri4. Cine internationale Slit
f4ertommi1iion our genauen Inter
iu4ung Der @r0be unb @r6betpdnbe~
rungen Der @let1@er ber peridiebene1l
Climber tpurbe auf benz jinsften @eoz
losentongreB in Grid bereinbnrt-
Die publifationen ber Romm. on
tpurben auf Soften bon prtn3 @olanD
8onaparte, Der Mitslieb oerfelben fir
Granfrei4 TT, georudt unb berbreitet-
2urcmburg.
0uremburg. Rir5li9 Mbenbs
gegen Z l1br ereignete iib in Der 2ou~
bignpitrabe Elm bebauerlider l1ngliids5
fan. Das 20 Monate alte Rinb BEG
gamblers 5. Sbommes ~itiir3te aus bem
Teniter bes BON So. %bepobnten 9auz
fes aus elmer !9Dbe bon ca. 10 Meter
berunter unb perl.bte fi4 oerurt
19ner, bab es nod i'm 2aufe bes
Mbenbs trob fofort btnouge3ogener
Gr5tli4er 9tlfe ben @eiit aufgab-
@repenma@,er. Das Diff,
Defenders ienes Der M%epfelbdume, fdiat
mafenbaft ab. 9ie betrefenben SGSrid@
te finb Gmmtli4 pom Wurm ange5re~
len ober pom Roite bsfallen. Sum
9ausperbrau4 taugt bieies Talobft
e~initpeilen nod ntdt, gibt jebo6 Gin
gutes @iebfutter ab. Gin ortanarti~
ger Sturm bat bic Sbitbdume ebeH=
fans arg sefdattelt, bic 5rii&te ber~
unter %getporfen l1nb bic 14uer bella
benen Meite gebro@en. Das CONNER
OBI t, unter anbern bic @eleepflaumeu
(mirabeaes), pflaumen, Sommer~
Mepfel unb Triihbirnen 5eitigen an
mdbli4 unb melben ibr @rf9eInen
auf ben Mdrften an.
1T ebtngen. 9as 3idbrigc
@Dbn9en bes bieiiaen @erbers ScbanH
q. @ulp tummelte iid ipielenb Inn
!6pfraume Der @erberei berum. Muf
einmal fiel es fopfiiber in cine Ser
bergrube unb ertrant.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

one horse power Gf we can only reg
ulate it so as to make the flight hor-
izontaD will support about 200 pounds
and at the same time carry it at the
rate of fifty miles an hour through
the air.
"Now, there have recently been
built steam engines which, with fuel
and water for a short fight, will give
good deal more than horse power
and weigh a good deal less than
twenty pounds, so that we have a
very large margin.
FLYING MACHINES.
what I am trying to do is to es-
tablish by direct experiment the un-
derlying principles of this future art
or science, and, having found the
exact amount Of force required, if
possible, to learn next how it is to
be exerted, directed and controlled.
"I know it is dangerous for any
one to make any statement except
in positive facts and figures about
such matters. The people have, ever
since the days of Darius Green and
his flying machine, until very lately,
put such a one down as a visionary,
without investigation of what he has
to offer. AS for me, have never said
that man could fly by his own
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

to inquire how they did it any more
than we do how the buzzards do it.
I am speaking now, of course, not Of
birds which fly by Tapping their
wings, but of those which fly with
out Tapping their wings, or very
rarely, and with almost no visible
expenditure of force.
TELLS OF DISCOVERIES.
There is a good deal of misappre-
hension about my own Investigations
in this respect" Secretary Langley
went on, "but what have at least
demonstrated is that heavy ma
chimes, not balloons, can be made
which will produce enough mechan-
ical power to support themselves in
the air, and to fly, though this is
not saying that we have yet got the
skill to manage this power so as to
rise, advance and descend safely.
What is actually demonstrated rests
on actual experiments, repeated hum
dreds of times in the laboratory, but
under conditions not so easily re-
peated in the open air.
'These experiments are in the
nature Of an engineers measure
ments, giving things in pounds, feet
and horse power, and by them 1
have shown that an expenditure of
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

these childish questions have occu-
pied many years of my later life in
the answering. / remember, for in
stance, one of the wonders to me
was a common hotbed. l could not
see how the glass kept it warm While
all around was cold, and when
asked l was told that of course the
glass kept in the heat; but though
my elders saw no difficulty about it,
1 could not see why, if the heat went
in through the glass, it could not
come out again. 1 now know that
the size of the rays changed after
entering the glass, and that they
could not come out because they
grew larger, being in much the same
condition as that of the lean mouse
who crept through a hole in a bar
rel of grain, and filled himself so
full that he could not get out again.
Since then 1 have spent many years
hotbed, the earth itself on which we
live, is, by a like principle, made
warmer by the atmosphere that COW
ers it as the glass did the hotbed.'
WAS your father an astronomer,
Mr.. Langley?" 1 asked.
NO" was the reply. My father
was a merchant, and 1 have no rec
ords of astronomers in my family.
My father was not rich enough to
give me an income sufficient to sup
port myself and my hobby Astron-
omy, you know, is not very profit
able science, and, as 1 had to make
living for myself, chose the pro-
fession of architecture and civil en-
gineering, but 1 never heartily liked
1t. After some years 1 went to Eu-
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

Annapolis to take charge of the OBJ
servatory there. My next position
was as the director of the Allegheny
observatory near Pittsburg, where L
spent a great part of my professional
life before 1 came to Washington.
'It was at Pittsburg, then, that
most of your experiments were car
ried on, was it not?"
"Yes," replied Mr.. Langley. "There
was a quite large telescope for those
days at Pittsburg. 1t had been
bought by club of amateur astron-
omers, partially for cash, but mostly
on credit. After the first enthusiasm
passed away the debt remained and
the club became disorganized, so
that the telescope was about to be
sold at auction, when the western
university secured it. They invited
me to take charge of the observa-
tory, and 1 came to Pittsburg and
began my work. The first work, how
ever, was to provide the indispensa-
BILE apparatus for the observatory,
which, except for the single tele-
scope, was one only in name. found,
however, a total lack of money" .
ORGANIZES TIME SERVICE.
The secretary continued: "My pro-
posed Investigations could not be
made without books and instruments
and these could not be got without
funds. I then began to look around
for something which 1 could do
which would be commercially profit
able to the observatory, and the re-
suit was the Inauguration of the
time service, which has since spread
all over the country, and by Which
the clocks Of our railroads and our
cities are now regulated from an OBJ
servatory at some central point. 1t
is familiar enough now, but L nag
the hard work of first introducing 1t
and persuading people of it's utility.
1 had to interest the city councils
and the railroads in it, but finally
got an electric clock established at
the observatory, and soon had the
time of the city regulated by it. Be-
fore this each ieweler had his own
time. Each of the railroads ran by
different times, and there was no
certainty as to the arrivals or de-
partures of trains. Soon after start
ed it it was extended along the lines
of the railways until we We're regu-
lating clocks as far as Chicago and
Philadelphia from Pittsburg. To do
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

questions as to aerial navigation. He
was disinclined to talk about the
subject, and he gave me to under
stand that the statements made by
the press concerning his in this con-
nection had been made without his
authority. 1t is well known, how
ever, that in his published scientific
writings on aerodynamics Mr.. Lang
ley has described his discovery Of
facts which greatly alter our former
supposed knowledge on this subject,
and that, though he has not there
undertaken to describe any flying
machine, as he is popularity supposed
to have done, he has made expert
ments which show that mechanical
flight is far from impossible. Thus
by a proper application and direc-
tion of the force and the speed, ne
has sustained solid brass plates upon
the air with an incredibly small dis
play .of energy. He did this many
years ago, and at Pittsburg he made
thousands of experiments which
show that there are certain shapes
in which matter can be disposed so
that the more rapidly it moves
through the air, in one sense, the less
5power it takes to move it, and that
Issolid models can be thus made to
skim. as it were, along the viewless
air. as a skater skins along the sur
face of thin ice; the faster you go in
iiefther case the less danger there
|4being of falling down. AS far as I
could Judge from my talk with him,
Ithis experiments show that the soar
Fling birds have an intu1ttve knoWl-
edge of certain properties of the air,
|; which have been only recently de-
/ kveloped through these experiments,
| and that by these they navigate the
air almost without effort in way
/ which there is no reason to think
that it is impossible we can do, II
not by our unaided strength, at any
/ rate by means Of such engines as
are recently being built. With regard
/ to this he spoke of the fact that such
birds. even about Washington may
be seen rising and falling, soaring
/ up and sailing down, and moving in
L LClICleS W1lllOut oily ilebppihS "a sAhSAA
/ wings.
/ MIRACLES OF THE BIRDS.
Said he: "Did you ever think what
a physical miracle it is for such a
/ bird as one of our common turkey
buzzards to fly in the way 1t does!
I-You may see them any day along the
Potomac floating in the air with
hardly the movement of feather.
These birds weigh from five to ten
pounds; they are heavier than the
air which they displace; they are ab-
solutely heavier than so many flat
irons. I suppose if men saw can
non balls floating through the air
like soap bubbles they would look
.on it as surprising, if not as mir
acle: The only reason that we are
not surprised at the soaring BIRD
is that we have seen it from our
childhood. Perhaps if we had seen
cannon balls floating in the air from
our .childhood we should not stop
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

strength, nor have I ever published
the details of any flying machine,
but what I have not only discovered,
but demonstrated by actual expert
ment, is, that there is no doubt that
machines can be made powerful
enough to support bodies in the air
which are thousands of times heavier
than the air itself. People who ask,
if this is so, why such machines are
not made at once to actually fly with
the human freight, since we have
now got mechanical power, may be
reminded that though they them
selves have got plenty of strength to
ride a bicycle or to skate, this,
though essential, is not enough till
experience to use it, just as every
mans legs are strong enough to ride
a bicycle, while yet most of us cannot
do so without much painful expe-
rience in learning how to use and
manipulate our strength, as many
nowadays find out. So it is with arti-
fetal flight. We have got the me-
chanical power now, but we have still
got to acquire the skill to use it in
this new field"
But will that day ever come, Mr.
Langley" I asked.
LAS to that" replied Secretary
Langley, 81 have so far spoken only
of what I have ascertained to be
fact, and I want to distinguish be-
tween what is fact and what is only
my opinion. Exposing only my per-
sonal opinion, then, 1 am willing to
answer that 1 believe it altogether
probable that in the not very distant
future, but how far distant l do not
pretend to say, flying machines, that
is, not balloons, but heavy construc-
tions actuated by machinery, will be
propelled very rapidly through the
air, probably at first rarely and at
great risk in furtherance of the arts
of war; later in introducing great
change in all human affairs in the
arts of peace"
Frank G. Carpenter.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

rope, and on my return from the trip,
having a little money, 1 decided that
I would take up astronomy and de-
vote my life to it. 1 went to the Har-
ward university at Cambridge and
found a position for work and study
there. That 1 had been occupying
myself with astronomy pretty as
siduously already was, think, shown
by the fact that, although L lacked
the experience that only observatory
work could supply, I still knew
enough to command salaried posi-
ton from the outset. 1 remained
at Harvard for some time, and then
was called to the naval academy at
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

this we had to have the electric wires
to ourselves, and it was so arranged
that we were allowed to use them for
five minutes at o'clock in the morn
ing and at in the afternoon OF eV-
cry day. The system soon spread to
! other cities, and it is now In use all
! over the world. 1 did all this to me
I'ungrateful work in order to get
means for my experiments; and, as
1 look back on it, think l may claim
| that l did tolerably well in a buSi-
ness way, for man chiefly Versed
in scientific affairs, for first and last
1 thus got for my little observatory
over sec, 900. This / made out of moth
ing, as it were, and this all went into
books and into the means for scien-
/ tific research"
SUN OFTEN BEHIND TIME.
1.-The observatory clock was regu-
lated by the sun, was it not?''
YES" replied Mr.. Langley. "By
the sun and the fixed stars. You
! cannot work by the sun alone. 1t is
by no means a regular body, as many
people suppose. You would not give
| anything for a watch which should
be as irregular as the sun. The sun
is sometimes fifteen minutes out of
the way at noon, sometimes ahead
and sometimes behind time. and it is
, only by averaging it's irregularities
that we know where to find it,
Your studies have been largely
devoted to the sun, Mr.. Langley.
What is the sun, anyhow"
THAT question is a good deal easier
to ask than to answer" was the re-
ply. II spent years in watching it
and trying to learn something about
it. 1 have discovered some things,
| but 1 should have to know great
deal more before 1 could adequately
answer that question. l spent three
years in the study of the spots on
the sun before 1 was ready to make
any announcements concerning them,
and doing the working hours of those
three years the suns face was almost
constantly before me. Have you
ever looked at it in a telescope? Do
you appreciate what watching the
sun is? In the first place, the face
of the sun in a telescope is almost
always quivering. Our atmosphere
makes it seem to move to and fro
in waves, and looking at it is like
looking at a Pickering candle, so that
if it's surface were ever so near it
would be hard to make out the de-
tails. But then it is, Of course,
really an enormous way off, so that
these details are also lost from it's
remoteness.
Can you give me an idea of how
far off it is?"
81 have tried in one of my writings
to do that by a borrowed illustra-
tion," replied Mr.. Langley. For in
stance, you touch your finger to a
candle, and in a fraction of a second
your brain announces the pain. The
sensation has Travelled along the
nerve to the brain almost instan-
taneously, but the speed has been
measured Suppose you had an arm
which would reach from the earth
to the sun, and you could put the tips
of your fingers on that glowing mass
of fire. 1t would be little more than
one hundred years Gf you could live
so long) before you could know that
your fingers were being burned.
Well. the rays of the sun have to
come all that distance before they
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15
SuperIntiVeS.
Il Louis Globe-Democrat.

St Louis GlObe-DemOcrat.
The most perfect echo in the world
is said to be that at Shipley, in Sus-
sex. South England. 1t will repeat
twenty-one syllables.
The largest sponge ever sent to mar
ket was from the Mediterranean; 1t
was ten feet in circumference and three
in diameter.
1t is said that the largest bar of gold
ever cast was sent to the Bank of Cali
fornia in 1882. 1t weighed 5ll12 pounds.
1t is asid that the largest crane in the
world is in the Krupp iron WORKS 1t
The largest cast bronze In the world
is that of Peter the Great at st. Peters,
burg. 1t weighs 1,100 tons.
The largest stick of timber was cut IN
Washington. 1t was $50 feet long anu
an average of 20 by q inches
The greatest bell is that long famous
as the giant of the Kremlin in Moscow
It's weight is 49, ,722 pounds.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

reach you, and the last miles of their
journey are through waves of heated
air, which makes the sun seem to
flicker so, while beyond and behind
all this almost all it's brightest sur
face is in real actual motion, shifting
here and there with velocity many
hundred times that of a cannon ball.
These real changes may last for. a
second or minute, and special phe-
nomena may occur in the twinkling
of an eye. In my studies Of the sun
spots had to have a paper and pen
Gil before me as 1 looked through the
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-12-15

telescope to record these changes as
they went on, in order to catch their
varying expressions Of the suns
face.
81 cannot describe to you the Won
ders which are going on there. I
found, however, that in order to do
my work we'll, I must learn some
thing more than the mechanical
drawing which was all knew, and
as these studies went on, learned