davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1895-01-15

CHICAGO, Jan. 15.-Wheat-Alay +
July 592i. Corn-Jan 155.; May
July 4Ias. Oats-May 307s. Pork
81 rs. Lard-Jan So SO; Nay 50 9
81 90. Ribs May So 90.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1895-01-15
FIFTY THIRD CONGRESS-.
WASHINGTON, Jan. Is
SENATE.


The death in Washington yesterday
of Mrs. Hansbrough, wife of one of the
North Dakota Senators was the theme
of the chaplain's prayer in the Senate
this morning. 1--WE bring to Thee, F"
he said, sin the arms of our sympathy
our honored friend and brother. the
Senator from North Dakota, who sits
cold in the atmosphere of death by the
coffined form of his beloved wife.
Grant to him the only consolation that
can come in such an hour, Thy love,
Thy promises, o. Christ, our Lord"
A bill to authorize the purchase of
the property known as the Corcoran
art Gal cry in the city of Washington
was introduced by Mr.. Morrill, and re-
ferred to the committee on public
buildings.
Two resolutions were offered by Mr..
Henderson and agreed TO, calling on
the Secretary of the Treasury for in-
formation as to the quantity OF spirits
withdrawn from warehouses and the
quantity of sugar imported each day
curing the two months prior to Au-
gust 20, 1894, with the names of the
owners and importers, and the amount
of taxes and duties paid thereon.
The Senate then resumed considers
ton of the urgency deficiency bill, the
pending question being on the appeal
from the decision of the chair ruling
out of order Mr.. Hills amendment to
give the U. S. Courts jurisdiction lin
advance of the collection of the income
tax of suits to determine the constitu-
tionality and validity OF that act.
Mr.. Call continued the speech in
which ne was interrupted by the ad
journment yesterday.
HOUSE.
The Presidents veto of the bill au-
thorizing the sale of public lands for
reservoirs and gravel pits and grant
ing rights of way for railways and ca
nails thereto, was laid before the House
and referred to the committee on pub
lie lands.
MIR. Savers reported from the COM
mittee on appropriations the sundry
civil appropriation bill for the year
ending June 80, 1896.
After passing some minor bills called
up by the foreign affairs committee,
the House went into committee of the
Whole on the Indian appropriation bill.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1895-01-15
MONETARY AND COMMERCE 1
Alexandria Market. January I:

BALTIMORE. Jan. 15.-yirginia ccnac
59bs60.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1895-01-15

The Season for February has been re-
ceived from the International News
Company, New York.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1895-01-15

The FRENCH CABINET.-The French
cabinet resigned yesterday, having
been defeated in the Chamber of Depu-
ties on the question of giving priority
to an order of the day. Sunday even
ing M. Burthou, minister of public
works, resigned his Office for the reason
that the council of State had decided
against him in the matter of guaran-
teeing the interest of the southern rail
way lines. The question which led to
the resignation of the ministry and pre-
cipitated grave and difficult political
crisis is a wise one. 1t is really a ques-
ton of whether the Chamber of Depu.
ties is superior to the courts of France,
and whether the Chamber is able to set
aside the constitution at will.
The resignation of the Dupuy minis
try had its origin, most unfortunately,
in scandal affecting one of its mem
bers, M. Barthou, minister of public
works, who resigned Sunday after the
Council of State had decided against
hin On the question of guaranteeing in
terest on the bonds of a certain railway
in the south of France.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1895-01-15

SENATOR JoNEs's BILL.-The propo-
sition prepared by Senator Jones,
which practically embraces free and
unlimited coinege of silver as a means
OF meeting the present financial situa-
ton, has not been Endorsed by the
President or by Secretary Carlisle, and
for that matter does not in any way
meet with their approval. A promi-
nent gentleman, who called at the
White House yesterday, vouchsafes
the information that he was informed
by the President that, while Senator
Jones had called and outlined to him
the nature of his proposed measure,
Mr.. Cleveland had not told the Sena-
tor he approved of the bill, and this
fact is corroborated by Senator Jones.
1t is stated by person who knows
the Presidents views on the situation
that he still hopes the Springer bill
may be brought to vote in modi-
fed form, or so changed as to be &C.
ceptable to the discontents in the
House.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1895-01-15

Capt. Alex. F. Marley, aged seventy
two, one of the first graduates Of An.
napolis, by appointment of John G.
Calhoun, died at New Orleans on Sat,
urdsy. He resigned from the Mediter-
ranean squadron to enter the confeder-
acy, commanded the batteries at Char
lesion, and commanded the McCrea
and afterwards the Manassas, the first
ram.
Merwin M. Smell, who was once Sec
rotary to Bishop Kean, rector of the
Catholic University at Washington, and
who two years ago renowned the Cath
Ole faith, is once more an orthodox
Roman Catholic. He has been formal
ly accepted into the communion of the
church by Archbishop Feehan, at Chi
cago, and relieved of all ecclesiastical
censure.
Judge Grosscup yesterday decided in
Chicago in favor of the Western Elec-
trio Company the suit of the Thomson
Houston Electric Company against
that concern. The decision practically
invalidates patent on automatic reg
ulators of dynamo electric machines,
which was held by Thomson Houston
Company, and which they valued at
s., 100000.
Anthony Higgings was declared the
nominee of the Delaware republican
caucus for United States Senator at an
early hour this morning. Six support
ers of j. Edward Addicks refused to en-
ter the caucus. In the ballot in the
Legislature to-day no choice was had.
Higgins lost one of the men who voted
for him in last nights caucus. Another
ballot will be taken tomorrow.
The herald., 1895-12-18
ENiLAND'S OBJECT
venezuela's Rights, and the Duty Of the
United States

Veaezuela's Rights, and the Duty Of the
United States
The true bearing of this question on the
future commercial interests of the country
can be clearly seen by anyone who will
give it a little consideration, and the tenn.
per of the American people is to protect
those interests at any cost.
always after the great mouth of the
Orinoco" can be ly said to have been
the inspiration of every move that Great
Britain has made and every position she
has taken on the question of the boundary
between her province of British Guiana
and the republic of Venezuela. This OBJ
ject has been kept steadily in view from
the time she first acquired possession of
the three small Dutch colonies lying on the
coast between the Essequibo and Corinto
rivers. Spain was the possessor by right
of discovery. The Dutch only held possess
sion by sufferance on the part of Spain
and they could pass no more title to
Great Britain than they held themselves.
And in any case her cession was in no
respect binding on Spain, as she was no
party to the treaty of 1914, and never by
any act confirmed it. nor has Venezuela,
after her, ever conceded foot of territory
west of the Essequibo river to Great
Britain. No sooner did these colonies,
with their shadow of title, come into the
possession of Great Britain than began the
The herald., 1895-12-18
PRICE FIVE CENTS

and Bolivia will find a ready exit with their
freights to the Atlantic through the Rio
Negro, the Cassiquian and the Orinoco
rivers.
The trade of this region naturally belongs
to the United States, and the Caribbean
sea and the Gulf of Mexico form the only
inland body of water on the western conti-
nent-barring Hudson bay-and this in
land sea is bound to play as great part
in the future history and progress of civil
ization as the Mediterranean has done in
the past Bordering its shore on the north
we have our own country, on the south this
vast and rich Amazon-Orinoco region-the
two brought into close connection by the
Mississippi and Orinoco rivers.
The difference in people and products
will exercise mutually happy influence
on the commercial industries and develop
ments of the two regions and their trade
relations, and stimulate their growth in
population. Great Britain has long had
this in view and placed upon it a value
which constitutes no small factor in her
| calculations as to the Importance of the
! control of Venczuela's great river. She
| lost the control of the Mississippi and the
empire behind it. Here she can repair her
one great mistake.
! NENEZUELA'S RIGHTS.
| The trade and commerce of country
ten times as large as Spain, enriched by
! the greatest variety of products, both vegc-
| table and mineral. watered in every direc-
ton by nayigable rivers, capable of sus-
tanning four times the population of E,-
rope, is by means of the Cassiquan and
Ornoco rivers made tributary to the power
that controls the mouth of the Ornoco.
That control belongs to Venezuela and to
ensure her in the full exercise and enjoy
ment thereof is the province and high priv
ilege, as well as the duty, of the United
| States.
The people of this country demand that
it be done. Let the Monroe doctrine he
made by congress living principle and let
the administration enforce it to the letter
at any COSTA. L. Mcdonald in San Fran
cisco Call.
The herald., 1895-12-18
Adapted from the S. F. Chronicle

American state, he shows where Great
Britain arbitrated other boundary disputes,
and declares it in effect says to Venezuela:
1--WE are strong enough to get anything by
force, and we won't arbitrate u Hess you
first give up part of the territory" This, he
said, amounts to invasion and conquest,
and duty is summed up as follows: Undcr
these circumstances the duty of the presi-
dent appears to him unmistakable and inn
perative.
"Great Britain's assertion to title to
the disputed territory, combined with her
refusal to have that title investigated, be-
ing substantial appropriation of territory
to her own use, not to protest and give
warning that the transaction will be re-
garded as injurious to the people of the
United States, as we'll as oppressive in it.
self, would be to ignore the established
policy with which the honor and welfare of
this country are closely identified. While
the measures necessary or proper for a
vindication of that policy are to be deter
mined by another branch of the govern
ment, it is clearly for the executive to
leave nothing undone which may tend to
render such determination unnecessary"
SALISBURY'S ANSWER.
Lord Salisbury's answer. dated July 26th,
says the Monroe doctrine has undergone a
"notable development since its ennuucia-
ton by President Monroe, which had origi-
nally received the entire sympathy of the
English government. The dispute over the
boundary has nothing to do with any 'dfies
ton dealt with by Monroe. The latter did
not claim for the United States the novel
prerogative of settlement of frontier
differences of this kind, nor did he seek to
establish protectorate over Mexico or
Central American states. If the United
States will not control the conduct of these
communities, it cannot undertake to pro-
tect them from consequences attaching to
misconduct.
The herald., 1895-12-18
ACCOMMODATING Documents.


WASHINGTON, Dec. II. l7.Accompanying
the presidents message is the correspond
ence on the subject, starting with Secretary
Oiney's celebrated note of July 20 last to
Mr.. Bayard, reopening negotiations with
Great Britain looking to arbitration of the
boundary dispute. In this note Secretary
Olney, after stating that the proposition
that America is in no part open to colonial
ton, has long been conceded, declares:
sour present concern is with the other
practical application of the Monroe doc
trine, viz: That American non-interven-
ton in Europe necessarily implied Eu-
ropean non-intervention in American af-
fairs, disregard of which by any European
power is to be deemed an act of unfriendli-
ness toward the United States" The
secretary says this rule has been uniformly
acted upon for seventy years, and cites in
stances in diplomatic history.
SECRETARY OLNEY's VIEWS.
Olney goes at length into the Venezuelan
dispute, affirming that the British claim in
two years had apparently extended some
$4,000 square miles, so as to com.
mand the mouth of the Orinoco, and
dismissing as valueless the contention
that Great Britain's possessions in Vene-
zuela gave it any right to be treated as an
The herald., 1895-12-18

series of moves, always after the great
mouth of the Orinoco." And this policy
has been steadily followed through all the
su cceeding years and the various and
changing ministries that have held the
helm of state in England. Her diplomats,
we'll trained in the history of her colonial
acquisitions and the art of letting time de-
velop small holding into a claim to an
empire, have kept in view during all these
years the golden stream of wealth that
would ultimately flow into her Golfers
could she but make good her foothold on
the great mouth of the Ornoco and so con-
troll the future commerce of the tributary
regions. Once thus established it will take
something more than protests and remon-
strances to induce her to withdraw.
THE COMMERCIAL MEANING
The control of this river means to Great
Britain the control of a region far greater
in extent than her vast Indian empire and
far richer in natural wealth and resources
"a region as large as our Mississippi val
ley, embracing within its borders, in
broad and varied zones, all the ranges of
climate and produce to be found in a
journey from the sources of the Nile to the
100000 square leagues of the best watered
and most fertile country in the world-a
country whose soil is still virgin and its
rich and varied resources untouched.
The control of the Orinoco means the
control of the development of this vast
empire and centuries, maybe, of continued
and increasing wealth to be SKINNED from
the deep and broad stream of trade that
in time will flow from this region through
this it's natural gateway.
! The Orinoco is much more important
stream from commercial point of view
than its neighbor, the Amazon.
! The latter for nearly 5000 miles runs
under the same parallel of latitude and
with little difference of altitude, and con-
sequently little difference of products to
stimulate trade between the different
points along its course. as in the case oi
our Mississippi. Its broad mouth-l5 sc
miles wide-and the position and direction
of the stream in relation to the ocean tida
wave form great hindrance to safe navi
CATION, to say nothing of the uninhabitable
character of it's silvas, which stretch from
its mouth nearly to the borders of Peru
With the Orinoco it is very different. Il
presents few if any obstacles to naviga
ton from it's mouth to its junction with the
Cassiquian river, nearly 1900 miles. Il
receives from the west broad sheet O.
affluents that take their rise almost withir
sight of the Pacific ocean, giving the broat
The herald., 1895-12-18

The inquiry to that end should of course
be conducted carefully and judicially, and
due weight should be given to all availa-
BILE evidence, records and facts in support
of the claims of both parties.
In order that such examination should
be prosecuted in thorough and satisfactory
manner, i suggest that congress make adj
equate appropriation for the expenses of
commission to be appointed by the execu-
tive, who's shall make the necessary inves-
tigation and report upon the matter with
the least possible delay. When such re-
port is made and accepted it will, in my
opinion, be the duty of the United States
to resist by every means in its power, as
willful aggression upon it's rights and in
terests, the appropriation by Great Britain
of any lands or exercise governmental
jurisdiction over any territory which after
the investigation we have determined of
the right to belong to Venezuela.
WHATEVER THE CONSEQUENCES.
In making these recommendations am
fully alive to the responsibility incurred,
and fully realize all the consequences that
may follow. 1 am, nevertheless, firm in
my conviction that while it is grievous
thing to contemplate the two great English
speaking peoples of the world as being
otherwise than friendly competitors in the
forward march of civilization, and strenu-
GUS and worthy rivals in all the arts of
peace, there is no calamity which Great
Britain can invite which equals that which
follows supine submission to wrong and
injustice and consequent loss of national
self respect and honor, beneath which is
shielded and defended the peoples safety
and greatness.
(Signed) GROVER CLEVELAND.
Executive Mansion. Dec. II, 1895.
The herald., 1895-12-18
THE AMERICAN EAGLE
TO THE BRITISH LION
'You Must Keep Your Paws Off of Venezuela
Territory

world, and subject for our absolute nom
OF the Monroe doctrine of vital concern to
our people and their government. Assume
ing, therefore, that we may properly insist
upon the doctrine without regard to the
state of things in which we live or any
changed conditions here or elsewhere, ii is
not apparent why its application may not
be invoked in the present controversy. If
European power, by extension of its
boundaries, takes possession of the terri
tory of one of our neighb oring republics,
against its will and in derogaton OF its
rights, il IL diff 'ult to see why, to that ex-
tent, such European power does not there
by attempt to extend it's system of govern
ment to that portion of this continent
which is thus taken. This is the precise
action which President Monroe declared
to be dangerous to our peace and safety"
And it can make no difference whether the
European system is extended by an ad-
vance of frontier or otherwise.
THE DOCTRINE APPLIES.
1t is also suggested in the British reply
that we should not seek to apply the
Monroe doctrine to the pending dispute,
because it does not embody any principle
of international law which sis founded on
general consent of the nations" and ''that
no statesman however eminent, and no
nation however powerful, are competent to
insert into the code of International law
the novel principle which was never recog-
nized before and which has not since been
accepted by the government of any other
country" Practically the principle for
which we contend has peculiar if not ex-
elusive relation to the United States. 1t
may not have been admitted in so many
words to the code of International law, but
The herald., 1895-12-18

since in international councils every nation
is entitled to tn rights belonging to it., if
the enforcement of the Monroe doctrine is
something we may justly claim, it has its
place in the code of International law as
certainly and surely as if it were specifically
mentioned; and when the United States
stands before the high tribunal that admin
listers international law, the question to be
determined is whether or not we present
claims which the Justice of that code of law
can find to be right and valid.
The Monroe doctrine finds it's recogni-
ton in those principles of international
lew which are based upon the theory that
every nation shall have its rights protected
and just claims enforced. OF course this
government is entirely confident that un-
der the sanction of this doctrine we have
clear rights and undoubted claims. Nor ia
this ignored in the British reply. The prime
minister, while not admitting that the
Monroe doctrine is not applicable to the
present conditions, states: "In declaring
that the United States would resist any
such enterprise if it was contemplated,
President Monroe adopted policy which
received the entire sympathy of the Eng
glish government of that date.''
GREAT BRITAIN'S CLAIMS,
He further declares; "Though the lam
guage of President Monroe is directed to
the attainment of objects which most
Englishmen would agree to be salutary,
it is impossible to admit they have been
inscribed by any adequate authority in the
code of international law.'' Again he
says: They cher majesty's government)
fully concur with the view which President
The herald., 1895-12-18
THE NEWS OF THE DAY

very tame session.... Trouble between FIRE
men The board OF education insures
school buildings. Only Il section of the
celebrated fence is on private property ...
John K. Pirtle and associates have
water scheme. The bnilding record
for day. Health officer S.eddom's
report for the year; it will be filed today:
the death rate for the city OF Los Angeles
lin the polite world recent happenings
in society e. New quarters furnished; Dr.
Barber sets aside separate building Tor a
maternity ward .McAnerny is acquitted:
dec, ared not guilty OF the killing OF Bill!
Hunter. sister against brother; a case
before Judge Shaw -. Reeds forces lined
up this was the combinition which beat
the Pacific coast; the mayor tells the story
Now for a harbor; vigorous campaign
for San Pedro commenced. The federal
building Senator Whites bill for its en-
largement.
The herald., 1895-12-18

suggesting reasons why such disputes
should be submitted to arbitration for set
tlement, and inquiring whether it could be
so subjected. The answer of the British
government, which was then awaited, has
since been received, and together with a
dispatch to which it is reply, is hereto ap-
pended. Such reply is embodied in two
communications addressed by the British
prime minister to Sir Julian Pauncefote,
British ambassador at this capital. 1t will
be seen that one of these communications
Is devoted exclusively to observations upon
the Monroe doctrine, and claims that in
the present instance new and strange ex-
tension and development of this doctrine
is insisted on by the United States; that
the reasons justifying an appeal to the
doctrine enunciated by President Monroe
are generally inapplirable to the state of
things in which we live at the present day,
and especially in application to the contro-
versy concerning the boundary line be-
tween Great Britain and Venezuela.
SOUND DOCTRINE.
Without attempting an extended argu-
ment In reply to these positions, it may
not be amiss to suggest that the doctrine
upon which we stand is strong and sound,
because its enforcement is important to
our peace and safety as nation. and is
essential to the integrity of our free insti-
tutions and tranquil maintenance of our
distinctive form of government. 1t was
Intended to apply to every stage of our
national life and cannot become obsolete
while our republic endures. If the balance
Of power is justly cause of jealous ankle
ty among the governments of the old
The herald., 1895-12-18

and fertile regions which they drain easy
access to the Atlantic.
WATER CONNECTIONS.
BY the Cassiquian the Orinoco is con-
nected with the Rio Negro, one of the
largest tributaries of the Amazon, and
other streams that make up the 10000
miles of navigable water in the Amazon
valley. The Cassiquian is 16O miles long
and as broad as the Rhine. Though now
lying useless, as it were, between and con-
meeting these great river basins, it is des-
tined in time to play as important part in
the commerce of the world as the Suez
canal now does. Boats descending the
tributaries of the Amazon from the very
Pacific coasts of Colombia, Ecuador. Peru
The herald., 1895-12-18
From The illustrated London News.

isbury's answer had been accurately FORE
told in the Associated Press dispatches
from Washington and London. there was
still great popular craving to learn just how
the president would deal with Lord Sails
bury's refusal to submit the matter to ar
bitration, and the message was listened to
with intense interest in congress and was
read with avidity on the streets. Nowhere
was there voice lifted in dissent from the
doctrine so firmly laid down by the presi-
dent but, on the contrary. there was an
outburst of patriotic feeling that must
have been highly gratifying to the chief
executive.
THE DIGNIFIED SENATE CHEERS
In the dignified United States senate, /