davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
The Market Place.

There Is no doubt that the protection
which used to be accorded to the mar
ket place from the earliest barbarian
times has played an important, though
not an exclusive, part in the emancipa-
ton of the medieval city. The early
barbarians knew no trade within their
village communities; they traded with
strangers only, at certain definite spots.
on certain determined days. And, In
order that the stranger might come to
the barter place without risk of being
slain for some feud which might be run
ming between two kins, the market was
always placed under the special pro-
lection OF all kins. 1t was inviolable.
like the place of worship under the
shadow or which 1t was held. :
With She Kabyles it is still annaya,
like the footpath along which women
carry water from the well; -neither must
be trodden upon In arms, even during
inter-tribal wars. In mediaeval times
the market universally enjoyed the
same protection. No feud could be
prosecuted on the place whereto people
came to trade, nor within certain ra-
dius from It.; and II quarrel arose
in the motley crowd Of buyers and SELL
ers, 1t had to be brought before those
under whose protection the market
stood-the communfty's tribunal, or the
bishops, the lords. or the Kings Judge.
A stranger who came to trade was a
guest. and he went on under this very
name. Even the lord who had no scru-
pies about robbing a merchant on the
high road respected the Weichbild, that
Is, the pole which stood In the market
place and bore either the Kings arms
or glove, or the image of the local
saint, or simply cross, according to
whether the market was under the pro-,
lection of the King. the lord, the local
church, or the folkmote-the vyeche.--
Yhe Nineteenth Century.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

he sold, and, instead of rushing off to IL
candy store, like some girls and boys,
he invested his money more wisely In
buying books. At IA he was studying
Latin and French, Is found him deep
in Spanish. At II he was no longer the
pupil, but the assistant in the school.
The story of his life, with its deep shad-
ows and bright lights, is beautiful and
full of inspiration.
Every boy and girl Of America, Eng
land and Germany should know 1t by
heart. And see how the penniless lad
at last reaches some of the heights Of
his ambition, and at President Hayes
request became Minister to Berlin, and
was welcomed cordially by Emperor
William, and had for fast friend Bis
marck. Some Of his works should be
in every library.-New York Press.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14


The harrow and the roller are
among the most important of the farm
tools. Without the liberal use of both
the small grain crops can hardly be
put In properly.
Charcoal Is almost q necessity for
hogs. Its cost is but little, and all that
is required is to place. a large piece
In the pen daily, as the hogs will easily
crush it for their use. -
In some classes of farm. products
overproduction has not SO much to do
with the depression of prices as has
poor quality. This applies equally
to products SO widely different as
cattle and fruit.
From the time an egg Is dropped I'M
til 1t be consumed 1t loses both bulk
and weight. This process goes on
much more rapidly In hot weather.
hence the difficulty of procuring fresh
eggs in summer. When this evapora-
ton can be effectually stopped the egg
remains sound and good for great
length Of time.
BE sure that the early sitters have a
warm place for a nest. Prepare the
nest first by putting In some road
dust; slightly hollow 1t In the center
and then put on layer of fine straw.
Eleven eggs are plenty for medium
sizer hen. nine for n small one. Too
many eggs in nest causes poor
matches and runty chickens.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Baked Indian Pudding.

For small family should be baked in
deep, covered earthen pot; use bean
pot; bake slowly for five or six hours;
three pints sweet milk; set in tin dish
over kettle of boiling water; when milk
Is scalding hot sift in nine slightly
rounded tablespoons of sifted Indian
meal, stirring constantly that it does
not lump: have ready in earthen pot
one quart sweet apples peeled, cored
and quartered, one and oone-half cups
molasses pour over same, one cup
chopped suet; pour hot milk and meal
into pot and stir all together; now add
one pint cold milk and do not stir again;
put to bake Immediately; one cup
stoned raisins may be added If desired;
the apple may be omitted; please follow
directions exactly.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Not Much Chance.

The visitor came into the Office OF
country paper In distillery district Of
Kentucky with a notice in his hand.
81 want to put an advertisement in
the paper" he said.
Not any more, reckon, than want
you to put 1t in" responded the editor
with editorial earnestness not unusual
on such occasions. "What is itT'
"Some fellow In Missouri sends 1t to
me. He wants to exchange farm he
owns out there for whisky"
swell, of course" sighed the editor,
"we'll print 1t, but 1t won't do any good.
We have many people right here
around us who are trying to exchange
their farms for whisky, and on the in
stallment plan, too"
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Unused Fences.

A great deal less fencing is used now
than when the country was newer. 1t
can be still further diminished, not
only without decrease Of production,
but with the effect of making the farm
product greater. Before making fence
to save little pasture 1t Is well to
make an estimate whether it would not
be cheaper to let the grass grow and
cut 1t, or at the worst to let 1t fall on
the land as manure. If the little pasture
Is field of young clover, either one Of
these last-named methods will prove
more profitable than turning the stock
on it. So long as fencing material was
abundant, farmers used to cut it into
rails and surround fields with them as
the best way of disposing of surplus
wood. But well-fenced farm is now
not valued so highly as one without
fences, but in which the more import
ant point Of maintaining soil fertility
has been attended to.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Odds and Ends.


Plunge your knife into hot water be-
fore attempting to cut warm bread OF
cake.
Don't have clark holes" about the
house. Clean them out and let the sun.
shine in.
1t is said that pinch of salt placed
on the tongue and allowed to dissolve
slowly Is certain cure for sick head
ache.
Sprinkle salt over the coal in your bin
in liberal quantities.; it will make II
burn more evenly and prevent "clink-
ers."
If you cannot procure dampened saw
dust for use in sweeping use bits of
dampened paper sprinkled over the
floor. Tea leaves stain and salt makes
the carpet sticky.
A cloth dipped in grease and then in
salt is the best scourer for all sorts of
dirty and greasy dishes in the kitchen.
Do not wash them, but employ this
method instead.
A liniment that is very highly recon-
mended Is made from one quart of
cider vinegar, half pint turpentine,
four beaten eggs, and two teaspoonfuls
of salt, well mixed together.
To keep cut glass sparkling wash In
warm soapsuds and rinse In hot, not
boiling, water. Stand In pan Of saw
dust until dry and polish with piece
of chamois. Don't think 1t too much
trouble--you will be well paid.
The creases can be taken out of vel
vet and the pile raised by drawing 1t
across hot iron over which u wet
cloth has been spread. II there are
pin marks over which the pile refuses
to rise, brush it up with stir brush
and steam 1t, repeating the operation
several times.
Mrs. Rorer is an earnest advocate Of
whole wheat flour. She says bread
made from this -four not only contains
20 per cent. more nourishment than
white bread but 1t is natures own
remedy for dyspepsia and kindred all
ments. brought on by excess of starch
In white -four bread. Apoplexy and
Bright's disease can be traced In many
cases to an excessive use Of starchy
food.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Carrots as Feed.

Carrots are highly relished by horses.
A few carrots, fed raw, after being
sliced, will prove delicacy to cows,
and fed once day they will promote
the appetite and keep the animals in
good condition when other foods may
not be acceptable. Carrots are used
by some dairymen as a regular food
for cows, in order to give deeper color
to the butter, and are highly esteemed
by them for that purpose. Cooked and
thickened with bran they make an ex-
cellent mess when fed warm on a cold
day.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Cecidomyia. 1t Is remarkable fact
that each species of the gall-fiy family
has its own form of the gall. In some
way this results from the varying pow
er which obstructs the growth energy.
A large rock falling into stream turns
a larger and differently formed current
than smaller one. The acid deposit
ed by one insect is more or less obstruc-
tive to the formative energy than the
acid of another. This is only the gen.
eral principle. No one, so far us the
writer knows, has worked The matter
out in detail.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
BOOK. Instcad of Candy.

81 think ambition is never given with
out mind of sufficient power to sus-
tain 1t, and to achieve Its lofty object"
Who wrote these words? A boy of Is,
named Bayard Taylor, as he looked
proudly upon an autograph Charles
Dickens had given him, and felt within
him that fire of ambition which was
never quenched. The Quaker boy of the
little town Of Kennett square, near
Philadelphia-who was born January
11,1S25-grew to be very fond of books,
and often when sent to rock the baby
would forget all about the crying In
FAINT so deeply would he be absorbed
In story Of travel or delightful poem.
His father was a poor farmer who
had no money to spend on books, so
Bayard set out gathering nuts, which
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
He Boiled the Ice.

The delight Of the little South Amcri-
can boy who was in New York during
holiday week and saw snow for the
first time amused his entertainers and
led to the telling of some funny stories
by those who had travelled In many
countries. One was of an army officer
in India, who, at great trouble and ex-
pense, procured some ice to be served
at dinner. He probably gave the order
in that fashion, for his cook rushed into
the dining room in great CONSERVATION
and told him he had boiled the ice, and
1t had all gone into water.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
She Spoke Her Piece.

Hattie f., six years old, is thought to
give promise Of elocutionary talent
When Auntie May came to visit the
family, therefore, and offered to give
the little girl some lessons, the offer was
gladly accepted.
Hattie's preference for lofty senti.
ment prompted the first selection. II
began, "See the eagle! How he soarsv'
After few rehearsals, she was ready
for recitation before the assembled
family. And there was great applause
when she exclaimed:
"See the eagle! How sore he isv'
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
EARLY Tomatoes.

Early tomatoes bring high prices
One way to get them is to begin now,
and sow the seed in a box, keeping the
box In a suitable place In the house
When the plants are large enough
transplant them to cold frame out
side which is carefully protected and
well covered, to keep out the frost. In
the proper season put the plants in the
open ground. Care will have to be
used, as the plants are quickly in
jured by cold.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
How to Make a Ball.

Boys who are always losing their
balls can make them for themselves
Take common cork and cut 1t round
as possible, making 1t the size of an
ordinary marble. Then tear off very
narrow strips Of rags and wind these,
one at time, around the cork until the
ball is of the desired size. Then cover
it with cloth, or If boy is fortunate
enough to have an obliging sister she
will make a cover of crewels by dlyid-
ing the ball into quarters, winding the
wool several times around 1t, then but
tonholing the quarters all around one
half, then the other half, until an edge
is formed on each side of each quarter,
then buttonholing with any colors OF
wool until the quarters are quite filed
up, when q seam finishes them, and a
capital ball is the result, costing moth.
ing to make, but really quite servicea-
hla
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

are sixteen twelve-pounder quick-firing
guns, twelve of which are on the broad
sides, and covered by steel shelter deck,
and the remaining four in the upper sto-
ries of the superstructures below the
bridges. There are, in addition, large
number of small three-pounder rapid-fir-
ing guns, many of which are carried aloft
in the four fighting" tops. The Majestic
will also have FIVE tubes for the White
head fish torpedo. A strong steel belt.
nine inches thick, protects the sides and
incloses the barbettes, which are built of
fourteen-inch armor. In length the Ma
jestic Is 415 feet, and has breadth of az
feet at her widest at the water line, while
her total displacement will fall but little
short of $4,000 tons. Her engines of 1900
horse power are estimated to drive her at
sixteen and half knots with natural
and seventeen and half with forced
SrAught.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
HELPFULFARMH HINTS
SUGGESTIONS FOR THE AoRk
cULTuRlsT AND sTockMAN.
A Fsrmer's Reputation for Honesty
IL Worth Everything Form OF
Churn that Js Extremely Popular-
Handy HoistinK Device.



The farmer who Is content with aver
nge crops sold In the average condition
must accept only average prices. He
who produces anything and puts II on
the market In prime condition Is the
one who Is going to make sales first
and get top prices. The average man
comes along later. No matter what you
have to sell put 1t in the best possible
condition for market and see to 1t that
you can adopt the same ratio that we
once saw In barrel Of apples In the
East When the head was taken out
of that barrel there was exposed
printed slip which said: This package
was produced and packed by John
Smith, who guarantees that when you
see the top you see the whole" The
commission man told us he never had
any trouble with anything that man
sent In, for his reputation had been
made. He not only packed his fruit and
vegetables In the best manner, but sort
ed the sizes, and when the package was
opened the buyer knew just what to ex-
pect from top to bottom. We know q
farmer who takes his grain to market
and dumps 1t wherever the buyer tells
him to, and is then asked how many
bushels he has. His grain is never look
ed at nor weighed by the man who has
bought 1t for years; IL 1t is not In good
condition he insists on inspection, but
II he knows it Is all right he unloads
and gets his pay. A reputation of that
kind Is worth more than good farm,
for 1t brings greater return. Honesty
Is not only the best policy, but 1t Is alb
solutely necessary to final success.
Carelessness Is the costliest habit a far
mer can fall into, and trickery, while
1t may seem to succeed for time, must
cost more than 1t comes to in the end
Farm News
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Beefsteak stewed without Water.

Beefsteak Stewed Without Water.
Take three or four pounds of rump
steak, cut about an inch thick. Put
two tablespoonfuls Of butter In a fry
Ing pan large enough to hold the steak,
and let the butter melt without burn
ing. Remove the fat from the steak,
wash quickly In cold water and put 1T
into the pan. AS soon as 1t Is thor
oughly heated through season with a
salt spoonful Of pepper and a table,
spoonful Of salt Cover the pan close
and set back where 1t will simmer, not
boil. When perfectly tender, which
will be in an hour and a half or two
hours, remove the steak to hot plat
ter, and add half a teacupful of tomato
or two tablespoonfuls of walnut catsup
to the gravy In the pan. Let 1t boil
up and pour over the steak.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

summer, and by trapping in winter.
Most of the natives are Christianized,
the Moravians, Catholics and other
denominations having missions among
them. Their usual mode Of travel is
by sledges drawn by dogs, and some
times speed Of 100 miles day IN at
tainable.
Labrador, according to the North
ern sagas. was discovered about the
year 1000. Its modern discoverer was
John Cabot. who explored part of
the coast in 1497.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Old Clover Seed.

We have sown clover seed that we
know was three years old, and 1t came
up as thickly as seed that was Of the
previous years growth sown in the
same field. The old seed is lighter in
color, as keeping it exposed to light for
a long time has faded 1t, but its germi-
mating powers are not impaired. We
have no doubt that clover seed retains
its vitality much longer than this.
Wherever crop Of clover seed is grown
the seed remains in the ground, as a
good deal of 1t always shells while it
is being harvested. Such fields produce
clover for many years after without
new reseeding. Yet always during the
winter and spring the clover seed must
be swelled by contact with water I'm
the soil. 1t would seem that 1t could
not grow after having swollen until
nearly ready to germinate; but the
facts show that the seed Is not injured
2y several repetitions of this process,
or else that the clover seed, like some
others, Is slightly oily, and only germi-
mates when ii is moistened near the
surface of the soil and under favora-
bic conditions for light and warmth
American Cultivator.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Every now and then a paragraph APP
pears In the papers. says Meehan's
Monthly, about grape vine which has
wonderfully produced hickory nuts!
The supposed fact has even been used
to prove that pollen has an immediate
influence In modifying the character
of fruit! II any one would only take
the trouble to cut one across, he would
see into the little channels the insects.
have made for themselves. The gall is
formed by a small fly Of the genus
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
FOR LOADING STONES.

consists Of two strong oak poles joined
by means of 1h-inch pin foot from
each end. The poles are about three
inches in diameter. Place one end Of
the ladder on the ground and the other
on the wagon and 1t is ready for use,
and saves lots of lifting.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Linseed Meal.

This is recognized in stock feeding Us
valuable food article. In protein
nutrients, those parts of greatest value
in a food article, 1t Is second only to
cotton-seed meal. At the same time 1t
is a food that from its oleaginous nature
has a healthful effect on the digestive
organs of the animals to which 1t is fed.
The large proportion of food nutrients
contained, together with the healthful
effect of the same, renders this article
especially desirable.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

In their capacity for turning out the iron
and steel monsters which have supplanted
our old ships. the royal dockyards seem to
be continually improving of late. The
record has been altogether eclipsed by the
speed which hns been manifested in the
building of the battleship Majestic. 1t
was laid down on Feb. 8, 1894, and floated
out this week, says the st. James Budget.
The drawing will give an idea of her APP
pearance when she Is put In commission.
Her principal guns are four in number,
each weighing fifty tons and built on the
new method of coiling fiat steel wire on
steel barrel The ammunition Is put
up ia brass cases, and the gun Is so fitted
that Il can be fired by an expert crew from
FIVE to seven times a minute. AS each
projectile weighs 100 pounds and is capa-
BILE of penetrating several inches of ar
NOR, some idea of their powers may be
formed. Above these, on the upper deck,
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
THE BARREL CuURN.

swings and oscillates and brings the
butter. Whether one is a believer or
disbeliever in washing butter, he will
stop churning when the butter is in the
granular state, the size Of grains Of
wheat. Then the buttermilk is drawn
carefully off. Some good butter-makers
dash water cooled to GO degrees upon
the grains of butter and then turn the
barrel churn over a dozen times more.
Although the churns usually do not
provide for it, it is well to lave a
strainer of somewhat coarse wire be-
meath the buttermilk vent to catch the
Jumps Of butter that would otherwise
go out with the milk
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
An Effective Portiere.

One OF the most effective portieres
is a silk-rag curtain made of bits Of
silk of all kinds and description. Vel
vets, satins, brocades and bright bits Of
every kind are used to make it. They
are sewn together and cut of uniform
width, like the rags of rag carpet. Al
most any weaver Of rag carpet could
probably weave such portieres. They
have very picturesque, oriental look.
that is far more effective than any por-
there that can be purchased anywhere
near the price.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
A Barrel Churn.

The illustration from an exchange
shows a favorite form of churn where
the work is all done at home by hand.
Nobody who is anybody now uses the
old-fashioned dasher churn. 1T Is too
back breaking. 1t explains itself. 1t
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
THEIR LIFE 4 SAD ONE.


fttinDle CONDITION OF IhOueanos o.
Labrador Fishermen.
An investigation recently conducted
into the condition of the fishermen OF
the inhospitable coast of Labrador re-
veals a state Of things Ditiable In the
extreme. During three or four months
Of the fishery season each year 5000
Newfoundland fishermen. with their
wives and children. make the coast
their home and live there In misery,
practically without civil. medical or
spiritual guidance" The fishermen
and their families, says the report,
must take this voyage to Labrador or
they will starve. and II there are not
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
At the Lecture.

Naturalist have discovered that
snakes go underground during the win
ter and stay there
Col. de Tanque (rising)-Professor
command you to retract that statement
It's libel on the whole State of Ken
tucky.-New York World.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
A Stone Ladder.

To assist in loading stones, we have
found the simple ladder shown in the
accompanying illustration of consid-
cradle value, says an exchange. 1t
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
windIass for Dressing Beef.

When cattle are killed on the, farm
it Is usually difficult matter to hoist
the carcass in order to skin and dress
1t properly. Block and tackle are
often not at hand, and even when
readily obtainable, the place where the
beef must be killed frequently does
not have a support high enough or
strong enough to hold the heavy ami
mai clear of the ground. The hosting
device shown in the accompanying
illustration from the american Agri-
crlturist is unexcelled for simplicity,
cheapness and adaptation to farm
butchering. Where other devices use
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

complicated windlasses or long levers
for hoisting, this differs from all of
them in simply using the. gambrel
stick for a windlass, and the hook
Joints for the bearings In which 1t
revoIves. As the supporting ropes may
be fastened to any strong, high object,
the plan may be used with any gam
brel stick by boring holes and insert
ing short lever arms. The illustration
shows It used with an ordinary der