The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1895-04-07

/ a.
/ The lime is. previously slaked il
|. water and then both ingredients ar
added to the copper solution immedi
ately before the applications are made
Paris green is used at the rate o
two and one-half ounces to forty gal
Ions Of water, which is about the sans
as one pound to two hundred and fifty
six gallons Of water London purple i.
used in the same proportions as tht
Paris green.
Division of the Orchard and Dates
of Application.
The orchard referred 20 was divided
so that some frees should be sprayed
two times, others four times, and some
even 81. times. Those sprayed twice re-
ceived the first application May IS, and
the second June Gust before blossoms
opened and Immediately after blossoms
fei..) Al 1rst the intention was 10 have
a shorter interval between the two ap-
plications, but the season advanced sc
slowly that it was thought advisable
to wait. The trees which were sprayed
four times were treated April 26, May
- June 8. and June p. When the first
application was made, the buds upon
the trees were swollen and almost
ready to burst, but their winter cover
ing still surrounded them more or less
completely. On June %, at the time OF
the fourth application. the young ap-
gun.
The third lot, the one receiving six
applications, was sprayed on the same
dates as the preceding, but in addition
/ the trees were sprayed July 13, end
again August /. In this manner the
fruit and foliage were we'll protected
during almost the entire season.
! The ANN oniacal carbonate of copper
is invariably applied in combination
with Paris green according to the
/ formula given above. Paris green
readily dissolves in ammonia, and it is
action of this solution that the addi-
ton of lime is recommended.
The Results.
The results greatly varied with the
varieties of apples growing in the or
chard. For fungi and leaf blight. Bor-
deauX mixture gave by far the best
satisfaction on all kinds. Two appli-
cations did not pay s well as six ap-
plications of Bordeaux mixture. But
two applications of Paris green or Lon
don purple, were, however, nearly as
effectual as four or six applications.
The general average gain was 1861 per
cent. over unsprayed fruit.
1t would scarcely seem to be adviS-
able to apply Paris green or London
purple more than twice in a. season for
the Goblin moth, unless the rainfall is
very heavy or continuous. Late appli-
cations protect the fruit from larvae
which hatch late in the season, but
their numbers are comparatively few,
and the damage done is so insignificant
from a financial standpoint that the
returns will scarcely warrant the ex-
pense.
On the whole, it appears to be i'm
material in which form or combination
the arsenites are applied. The table
shows that when only one application
suits when applied alone than when
applied in combination with Bordeaux.
But when two applications were made
this result is reversed. This comedies
practically with the results obtained
In 1892, when it was also found that the
action Of the poison was not materially
affected by the presence the Bor-
deaux mixture.
Paris green and the ammoniacal So
luton did not give such favorable re-
suits. but as the difference is compare
lively slight, conclusions adverse to
the combination can scarcely be
drawn.
Two applications of London purple,
made upon the King, gave more sound
apples than two of Paris green, only
3 per cent. being found wormy. But
Paris green equals this in two applica-
tons made upon Fall Pippin, and sur
passes it by 1 per cent. in the Maiden
can be given to either poison as re-
CARDS its insecticidal value. It is proba-
BILE that if each contains the same
amount of arsenic, the value of the
two is the same. In one respect, how
ever, Paris green has been disappoint-
ing. 1t was found last year, and again
this summer, that the foliage of apple
trees is more or less injured by it's use
When many applications are made.
using one pound of the poison to 25s
gallons of water, the injury may be-
come serious.
found in the treated apples Of different
varieties. The series is most nearly
complete in the King, but the Fall
Pippin shows the benefits OF six ap-
plications. and the Maiden Blush of
four. The last was more affected by
six, and undoubtedly the Fall Pippin
would have shown still greater diff
ference, judging from the effect pro-
duced by six applications.
The average two applications In
creased the number Of first-class King
11a per cent, and six applications $50
per cent.
The fruit of the orchard tested as
above brought fancy prices in the New
York market. The buyer had this to
say of it:
without question, the showing of
fruit. before harvesting. in the apple +
orchard. was one Of the finest It has
ever been my pleasure to see. The
fruit. having been picked and barrelled
for extra fancy trade. did not chow
over two or three per cent of culls: |
and the culled fruit when packed made
a very good grade Of second quality
There was practically no fruit. usually
known as cider apples, in the orchard
In spraying stone fruit, peaches. etc, !
Bordeaux mixture with the addition Of
London purple. as given in the formula
above. Is the only safe application. as
the other formulas alone will greatly
injure the foliage.