The record-union., 1895-03-01
FARM And ORCHARD.
Difference in the Intelligence of
Animals.
How Much Blood has to Do With
Their Brain POWERFUL Blooded
Hogs Are Easily Educated-CuIti-
walton of the Orchard-Best Meth
DDS of Tillage.


tween the intelligence of blooded animals
and scrubs as there is between the intel
ligence of educated and unsducated per-
sons. AS a rule. educated men are as
kind as Kittens" If they have any
''crochets" it is very rare that they ex-
hibit them. They endeavor to make
themselves agreeable to everybody, high
and low, and it is a pleasure to have as
sociations with them; but the uneducated
are too often boorish and unpleasant to
deal with. They have their notions of
matters, often not founded on either fact
or reason, and if crossed in their views
an ebullition of temper is apt to result
The thoroughbred man, when in CONVEX
sation with a scrub man, generally tries
to ascertain what the latter really does
or does not know, while the scrub usu-
ally goes on with a voluble tongue, and
tells all he knows and much that he does
not know, and MS speech is int rjected
chock full Of great rs. And this is the
difference. A scrub horse does not know
much for horse, neither can he learn.
There Is not enough gray matter in his
skull to be fairly teachable animal.
Balky, runaway, vicious horses are al
most Invariably of this class.
different animals. They ''take' to edu-
ton as a calf does to milk, and seem to
delight In being tutOred. In acquiring
knowledge there is as much difference
between them and scrubs as there is be-
tween bright white men and African ne
groes. They possess the brain, and know
or learn many things by intuition. All
horsemen know this. | will cite only one
case. A lady reared blOoded mare from
colt She had the entire handling of
the animal. When she came to drive it
before the carriage, and gave the word to
start, the mare invariably looked around
before she would go, to see if the reins
were up and all in readiness. Driving
before sleigh one day the vehicle was
overturned. The mare stopped short.
When the sleigh was righted and the
word given to go the mare looked around
as usual, but refused to start. Instead
she danced about gently, and kept turn
ing her head around and looking back.
thinking something wrong the lady
looked about too, when she discovered
her extra shawl lying on the snow-crust
at some distance, where the wind had
blown it. When this was recovered
word to go was given again, the mare
saw all was right and then moved on.
1t Is unnecessary to state what a large
majority OF scrubs would have done I'M
der similar circumstances.
Mules are the dumDest of all farm ami
brute creation. Their heels are against
everybody, and everybody's heels are
against them, and this because they have
no breeding whatever. Jersey COWS
evince the most noble breeding. No ami
mails are kinder or gentler. The Hol-
stems do not lack Intelligence. At the
Smiths " Powell stock farm, in Central
New York, few years ago, they had a
herd OF sixty Holstein mich cows. In
coming from pasture to barn they had to
turn square corner where the butter
maker resided. The house was back
from the street line some distance. There
was flower garden in front and on the
corner, which was not protected by a
fence. Looking out OF the window and
observing the COWS approaching, 1 asked
the butter-maker if ne was not going to
protect his flowers. He replied, mo,
sir; the COWS have been told to keep off.
and they never modest the garden. They
seem to know it is forbidden ground"
On that 6OO-acre farm there are a few or
no inside fences. The proprietors find it
cheaper to employ a boy-herder than to
maintain fences. There are hay, grain
and pasture fields adjoining, but the
cows have learned to keep where they be-
long, and 1t is rare that one steps over the
boundary. 1t can be easily imagined
what would occur to this flower garden
and the grain fields were this merely
herd of scrub COWS.
uelRnDOr las a chester
White boar. Two or three times he has
entered open barn or shed doors where
1t was not proper for him TO be. On
these occasions he was driven out and
scolded. Never since has he attempted
to enter through one of those doors, even
when open all day. The attendant says:
u could not drive him into one of those
doors now. He seems TO know he is
not wanted there" He "knows" be-
cause he has the Intelligence. We have a
blooded dog which weighs eighteen
pounds. He is persistent hunter for
all sorts of small animals that infest the
farm. 1t is amusing to observe the intel
ligence he displays sometimes. l saw
his first encounter with snake. 1t was
long one. He caught the snake by the
neck and In a second the reptile had
wound It's tail about one Of the dogs legs.
There was ground and lofty tumbling,"
with several "ki-yi's," for a few min
utes. When the snakes hold was broken
the dog changed his tactics, and Selling
the snake by the tail swung him full
length in the air several times, slapping
his head upon the ground each time as
he came down, and this continued until
the life was beaten out of it.
After destroying all the woodchucks on
the farm he visited daily a deep, wooded
ravlne near by, through which a stream
OF water runs. Woodchucks burrowed
near the tops of the banks as is their GUS
Loii' IL was the uOSs ndDlt 10 lie III
hiding near by and watch for chuck
going down to drink. If small he would
give battle at once and kill him; but, if
large enough to be a match he would
worry him, cllnch him by the hind parts
when he could. and jerk him toward the
nearest deep water hole, and when he
reached the brink he would watch his
chance and jerk the animal into the wa
ter and drown him. He once killed a
chuck In this manner that weighed
twenty-five pounds-four more than his
own weight "a cur of low degree" goes
for fight at once, whether he whips or
gets whipped. He does not know enough
to apply tactics" These incidents are
related only to show the superior intelli-
gence blooded animals possess, and as
such they cause their owners more pleas
ure and much less worry than scrubs
Besides, blooded meat animals keep and
fatten easier, and all of them are usually
much more profitable. blood will tell, -
but not every time. For some unknown
reason there is an occasional blooded
scrub, as there is once in a while a
dull child amongst family of bright
children.-Dr. Galen Wilson in Practical
Farmer.
CULTIvATING THE ORCHARD.
The best tillage is that which begins
early in the season, and which keeps
the surface stirred until late summer or
early fall, and the best implements are
those which secure this result with the
least amount of time and labor. For the
first few years it is generally advisable
to turn the land rather deeply with a
pillow at the first spring cultivation.
There are many styles of clod-crushers,
spring-tooth harrows, cut-aways and
smoothing harrows, which will adapt
themselves readily to the cultivation of
baY foul x,fNilI t.,