The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1895-05-19
SPRAYING ORCHARDS.
Facts Disclosed by Long Experience
at Cornell.

pnd III Valuabie bulletin (No. So on 'Tht
SPRAYING of Orchards-Apples, ounces,
Plums." giving the practical results, Of
Spraying done IN an extensive orchard N
the vicinity of the university, whlch mao
been experimental with for three years
with view 10 suppress injurious luIgl
and insects. The bulletin gives the tormu-
las of the various spraying mixtures USED,
when and how best applied, etc, ana is 9
valuable handbook upon the science OF
spraying in all its branches. AS long as
the edition lasts IL copy can be obtained
bv addressing the director, Prof. /: +.
Roberts Ithica, n. 7. But we reproduce
/ for the benefit OF the readers OF Church
and Farm the main points OF the bulletin
in the following:
Summary.
Hand pumps have proved the most
sa tisfactory machine for spraying apple
orchards.
factory because they do not throw enough
liquid, ana they do not throw the spray
far enough.
3-PoWer sprayers are excellent ma
chimes TO use i'll spraying grapes and low
.NRusty fruit was found upon. Baldwin.
King Red Asfr poh Fa,i aq Pipn faia"@'e'
5.-Four applications of the Bordeaux
mixture made TO King trees protected the
fruit well from the seab, put II Is IS, prop
6-The two most important applications
made for combating the apple-sca6 con-
sist of the one which is made just before
the blossoms open, ana the one nade as
soon as they fall .
7.-If a third treatment IS advisable it
should be made about two weeks after
the falling of the blossoms.
S-The use of three gallons of Bordeaux
mixture upon bearing trees from twenty
five to thirty years of age, seems to be ad-
visable: for a part of the beneficial action
of this fungicide may be the lessening OF
insect. especially curculio, injuries.
9.-Former applications of the Bordeaux
mixture upon the HES 0 Va iS in Derfeot1
the crop this year, but all circumstances
were not favorable to an accurate exper.-
ment regarding this point
10.-The early use OF the copper Sulphate
solution may be of value If orchards are
uniformly and thoroughly sprayed with
it. In our experimental orchard with un-
sprayed trees as probable sources OF IN
lection the value of such treatments has
not been very marked.
11.-London purple possesses no fungi
eide properties.
i2,@Former applications of arsenites ap-
pear to have exerted no influence in
suppressng insect ravages during the
13.-If only one substance is applied
apple orchards, it should generally be
Paris green.
14.-Spraying orchards in some cases in
creases the yield of fruit from practically
nothing to a full crop, but in other cases
the operation is followed by nearly mega
tive results in this direction:
the failure of apple orchards to bear is
due to the want of proper fertilization and
cultivation.
16.-The true cause Of the formation
of rusty aples is obscure, but the char
acter of the season appears to influence
the severity of the attack.
1.-THE Bordeaux mixture mas ten
dency to produce rusty fruit even when
prepared according to the formula given.
1S.-The ferrocyanide of potassium test
used in the manufacture of the bordeaux
co a
first thought, for the mixture when so
prepared may be injurious to the fruit
19-Munson has shown that Paris green
possesses fungicidal properties.
20.-Stinson has shown that fruit sprayed
three times was larger than that sprayed
twice, although the per cent OF scab on
both lots was the same.
21-Pars green must be applied immed-
lately after the blossoms fall in order
to be most effective against the codlln-
month.
22-Rust was very prevalent in Chautau-
qua county the past season, but apple
growers on the whole. are well satisfied
with results obtained from spraying:
23.-London purple is an unreliable IN
secticide in some cases.
24-The failures which have occurred
may be due largely to the lateness or the
hastiness of applications.
25.-The leaf-spot and the cracking OF
ounces may be controlled by the proper
use Of Bordeaux mixture.
26.-ApplicatiOnS for the control OF TINS
disease need not be made so early as in
the case of the apple-scab fungus.
27-The shot-hole fungus attacking plum
and cherry foliage can be controlled by
the use of Bordeaux mixture
2S.-The fruit-rot of plums and peaches
can be checked by the use OF copper sui
phate solution. followed by the Bordeaux
mixture.
29.-Some variesties of plums are more
subject to the attacks of fungi than
others.
30@Spraying plum foliage with tho Bor-
deaux mixture thickens the leaves. but
further measurements must be made to
establish a rule.