davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1895-01-20
HOUSE OF suB-pRErEcT, SANTA CRUZ

lessons in the matter scattered over the prairie
states, but the Patagonia ranches will scarcely
make as good a support as the Yankee ranches
do. for the reason that the land system OF the
Argentine promotes great estates and discour-
territory can buy all the land he wants. Gov.
Mayer OF Santa Cruz territory, for instance.
Cruz and Chico rivers. In owning the water
front. he controls all the range back OF it, for
one will take up land that has no water. For
square leagues The firm of Hamilton 4 Saun-
ders of Gailegos Scotchmen, own iifty;eight
course, 1t would he much better for the country
II fifty-eight families owned and lived on the
land these two men have. nevertheless the coun-
try is filling up with shepherds. and a month
after the two French merchants mentioned had
landed in santa Cruz with the new house and
wholesale stock of goods. they were doing q
profitable business with their original packages.
There is but one draw back to the value of the
would operate against it seriously and that is
the lack of drinking water. The young boomer
scant supply from wells even for the seven oc-
cupied houses with their stoc.;. ,and that is
3 n@s se ss
swift Santa Cruz, but while the settlement is
growing to a village of a few thousand people
prohibit tapping the river. The tide rises over
forty feet every dag in the river mouth so there
:, It is worth noting that the santa Cruz people
draw water from their wells as the people in the
pulley is SUSPENDED over the we Wien Syen uV Water
Is wanted horse is saddled and one end of a
lasso fastened to the saddle. The other end of
the lasso is passed through the pulley and then
made fast to a pail, which is then lowered and
filled. Then the water drawer mounts the
horse and rides away till the pail is up to the
pulley. Next the rio er dismounts walks back to
the well, takes tho pail from the lasso and car
ries II to the house: Last of all he unsaddles
the horse. i saw this done myself. ] must ad-
init that IT reads like travellers untrue tale
but 1t is literally true
Gallegos. the capital Of Santa Cruz territory,
stands on the south bank Of the Galegos River
several miles above the mouth. The Gallegos is
also very interesting stream. Its head is in
tho Cordilleras. of course and the head is made
up of n number of small streams which unite in
the foot hills to make river never less than 80
The sun., 1895-01-20

for the usual charges Of making out and record
have frequently heard men who had done
business with spanish-American nations talk
despairingy OF the lack of enterprise TO be found
there as sdoBe money or s Snd es The nations
the he land Of E2co tempo" and the country,
applied. bt the %rasntIne e must ts be- eseepted
Neither in the suburbs OF Brooklyn, nor on the
plains Of Oklahoma, nor among the orange
could tell his story in better form than the young
man with 2 blueprint map OF the future me-
IL is perhaps worth noting here that while the
Young man was talking could see an ordinance
killing Of either ostriches or gushacos within
the city imits," even with bolas. while the shoot
ing OF such game was prohibited in all the dis
And yet am not sure but large town will
grow there eventually. although Gallegos was
river is most remarkable stream. In 1893
titHroy and Darwin fuied to reach It's source.
not the skin to make the desert yield a supply.
The first to get to the head was Don Francisco
Moreno tho Argentine naturalist. and he had
TO suffer many privations and hardships. This
was In 1875. That he succeeded was due to the
use OF horses to1ow ships cutter up stream
lie iound that the stream had everywhere
current Of about four miles an hour, and was
everywhere too deep to tord. Being absolutely
nnobstructcd throughout its course. large deep
drnught river steamers could run easily To
Lake Argentine and beyond. IL is really likely
there and II Is certain that n large lumber busl-
ness will be done there sooner or later. for the
forests OF the Andes produce ccdnrs and other
valuable SOW timber Of the best quality and
great size. There are no trees Immediately on
Lake Argentine but II Is connected with other
lakes by nayiRable channels where the timber
Is found. When Twas in santa Cruz u party of
capitalists familiar with the lumber business
had gone up to the lakes to look into tho busl-
ness. Driving the logs in RATS to the port Of
Santa Cruz would be SO Inexpensive that once
proper mill were established, there, the great
markets of Buenos Ayers and Rio Janero. not
to mention the smaller ports. would be supplied
at prices to make serious inroads on the bust
ness OF those who now supply them from the
United States.
OF the value of the sheep and cattle ranches
as n support for a town nothing need be said to
readers In the United States. who have object
The sun., 1895-01-20
New Light on Darkest Africa"

from fhc INlt1dftihld LfcOfd
The latest myth OF mankind 10 be shattered is
the comparatively modern one Of Darkest
Africa Ever since the days OF Livingstone
and Stanley that little-knOwn continent has
been pictured in the popular mind a. a wild aud
track kless region OF miaamatic borderland and
interior prmeyal forests When Prof. Drum
mOnd yentured 70 assert that tropical Africa
was not strictly a tOrest-Covered country and
that IL contained great eTpanses OF healthy
plains and meadow land, Explorer stanley
emptied all his vials OF indignation upon that
ovsrbOld scientists head Now. however,
comes stanch champion to Dr. Drummond's
aid In Mr. III. IL. Johnston, Administrator Of the
British Central Africa PrOtectOrate. who makes
glowing report OF this province 10 the Royal
Geographical Society OF London.
The great attraction OF tho country" de-
clAres Mr. Johnston, =" lies la It's beautiful seen
cry, in its magnificent blue lakes, its tumultu-
GUS cascades and catAracts. it, grand mountains,
its golden plains, and dark green forests
pleasant and peculiar feature. also, of the west
ern portion or the proteCtOrate Is the rolling,
grassy downs. almost denuded OF trees covered
with short turf, quite healthy and free from the
tsetse fly. These, no doubt will In the future
become actual sites OF European colonies. dis
tTicts in which Europeans can rear their chill
dren under healthful conditions. The lofty
plateau Of MlAnje T. a little world in itselL with
the eIhilerating climate Of northern Europe.
The plains and valleys are gay with blue ground
orchids, with purple iris, and with yellow
everlasting hOweIs-'
The sun., 1895-01-20

a consplcuously good fighter, and therefore sure
To be very useful in case of n war with n foreign
nation his life has not only been spared but he
has been retained in the service. But because
he was always ripe for a revolt they sent him
down to Patagonia. He could not revolt there
or help anybody revolving IN Buen1s , AyreS ana
he could be had very quickly; Inc reason ne
failed to take part in one revolution-the last
was in the capital. When talkin to me about
IL he seemed to be very sorry that no had not
been able to Join hS qnd 5n"5 1ndsr po
sentences of from twenty years up. Patagonia
and TERRA del Fuego are in all respects excel
lent places for disaffected naval officers
Ofthe life these naval officers lead had a
glimpse at Port Desire. where had dinner and
remained over night with Lieut. Wilson, The
cheerful within, though AS bleak as the desert
without: At the table the Lieutenant sat at the
head, with junior officer and his wife on the
right and the Lieutenant's son. u bright lad OF
Il, on the left. Two boys waited on the table
with military precision OF motion that was
very funny 70 a non military spectator We
had excellent fare-ltalian soup, fish from the
river; roast beef, and two vegetables. with
bread, and coffee and cigarettes after
One of the waters had history. He was
full blood Tehuelehe Indian. The Lieutenant
Negro in Gen. Roca's war Of extermination
heard a curious cry in the thick boughs OF q
sass n9 a nSeG oh BBsGuS to
been hidden there in a three prong fork by his
mother AZ Int lnulhIS lieu DtCuuSc buc " 10 wv
much exhausted to carry him further; No
doupt many Indians did the same, but all the
babies starved save this one because the sailors
held the territory. When old enough to serve
as an apprentice the lad was shipped in the
navy with his adopted father, Mr. Wilson.
asked the Lieutenant what he called the boy. .
The gentleman wishes to know your name
said the Lieutenant, speaking to the boy In
Spanish, of course. The lad drew himself up
like an old salt at morning inspection. and after
having a proper pull at his forelock. said:
" Sergeant Ramon Wilson. sir
CAN'T atplt- mar fhar a4AFlr nj
had such history rs this one.
Since the days when William Clark OF Salem
managed the Pavon Island station in Rio Santa
Cruz for Don Luiz Piedra Buena matters have
changed greatly in the region along that stream.
Casmiro and Orkeke, the Tehueehe chiefs who
then lorded 1t over all the desert. have been re-
The sun., 1895-01-20

Mass. Clark was conspicuously handy Yankee
ssilor-able TO turn his hand 10 anything. He
had been a shipbullder at Salem, had been
chased by the rebel cruiser Alabama In the
South Atlantic. where his fleet Yankee clipper
fairly outfootcd the steamer. and had at the last
stranded in Patagonia, where his abilities re-
ceived prompt recognition. There he had
learned TO handle wild horses, swing tho lasso
and hurl the bolas, make saddles and spurs and
pipes for trade, conduct powwows with the Te-
huelches-in short. turn his hand and his tongue
10 any useful occupation at any time. He had
plenty Of narrow escapes from serious trouble
with drunken Indians, but he escaped them all,
and when was at 0allegos In the early part OF
June met him nt hotel. He had just bought
six square leagues OF pasture land from the Gov
ernment. for which he had paid l,500. He had
q bunch OF 1000 sheep on the land, besides some
boys who could beat ali creation killing os-
trches, and on the whole was very comfortable.
But every time tried to get him to talk of his
life in Patagonia he would talk of something
else, and had TO give IL up.
TO Offset the claim Of possession which the
Argentine Government thus established, the
Chilians built a wooden house on the ain
land. near Pavon Island. and put soldiers there.
They also took possession Of a small island on
the coast Just south OF the mouth of the Santa
Cruz River, and built barracks there. The sol
diers were somewhat useful In way, because
runaway convicts from the penal colony at
Buenos Ayres often travelled afoot ms far as Rio
santa Cruz. feeding on shellfsh and the eggs of
seagulls along shore. The soldiers were able to
capture some Of them at Santa Cruz.
Meantime a Frenchman got an Argentine
concession for a fishing station on an island in
the mouth Of the Santa Cruz River, and spent
some thousands OF dollars fitting up an estab-
lishment for trying out oil, curing fish, &c.
Then the Chilans sent war ship that destroyed
the outfit and ruined the Frenchman A Yankee
got an Argentine concession to gather guano on
an island near there A Chilian war ship came
along while the Captain was on shore hunting
guanaco and towed his vessel around to Val
paraiso, leaving the skipper to work his way
afoot overland to Punta Arenas, during which
Journey he had pretty hard time.
In fact the only white people who lived in
peace In the part Of Patagonia between Punta
The sun., 1895-01-20
A SAMPLE OF GALLEGos ARCHITECTURE

A SAMPLE OF GALLEGos ARCHITECTURE.
Arenas after Chilli got well established In the
Strait of Magellan were two missionaries named
Schmidt and Hart who, in 1s63 tried to esta blish
station for converting the Tehuelches, In a
valley under what is called Weddell Bluff. but
as THE Sun has told they had no success in their
efforts, though their old adobe building can
still be seen in what is now Santa Cruz City.
The constant friction between the two Govern
ments over the Patagonia matter led to n vast
how of printers ink in both capitals and to
sundry exploring expeditions which gave people
some information about the country. The most
important Of these were two made by Don
Francisco Moreno. a talented Argentine natural
ist. These showed that the country was much
better than II had seemed to be. and the two
nations would have been fighting over the
desert but for the friendly offices of the two
United States Ministers. who arranged a COM
promise that prevented war; though neither
party was satisfied
UP to the time of the compromise. which was
concluded early in the sos. Chill had always
shown itself the most aggressive nation Of South
America in all matters relating TO territorial
aggrandizement. But in 1884 Argentina woke
up. so to speak. Colonies were sent out to take
possession of the land to which its title was
now undisputed. and the settlements of Port
Desire. Santa Cruz, and Gallegos. with several
smaller ones elsewhere that did not see, were
the result.
Now, although Don Luiz Piedra Buena had
been successful with his garden and measurably
SO with his wheat on Pavon Island, in the Rio
Santa Cruz, these colonies were composed of
shepherds and cattlemen instead of farmers
Merchants went to Santa Cruz and Gallegos
also. while each of the three ports was made a
naval station That is to say, for the purposes of
government the land south of Chubut was organ
lied as aterritory. with Santa Cruz as its CAPT.
tai town, while the territory was divided into
what we would call three counties which have
their capital towns at the three ports named.
But instead OF having county government.
such as the counties OF the United States, the
whole business was and is attended to in each
The sun., 1895-01-20
nARRAcKs. sANrA cRr

accepted an invitation TO take a cup Of coffee
and when ! asked him IL he was acquainted
with the region he said he had been Just at the
point of asking me II | would be interested in
hearing something about II. Then the coffee
came, and with II u Dutchess county, n. Y,
brand OF condensed milk aud blueprint map
We combined the milk and coffee, and then
spread out the map and weighted the corners
with our cups the coffee pot, and the milk can.
pointed at the map II was the plan OF great
city--A city with plazas connected by wide ave
nues and bOuleyards, with streets running az
right angles between, Figures and letters scat
tered here and there ON IL showed sites for
Government and other important buildings,
while long broken lines showed the location OF
many street railways. The young man explained
the peCuliarites and advantages of the dispOsi-
tiOn OF plaZAs and bOuleyards and street car
lines, and eventually, from the lay OF the land
grasped the situation. This was the plan OF the
city of Santa Cruz. the great PAtagonian me-
tropolis that was to grow up right there In tho
valley, where now one could see nine houses all
told, Of which two were unoccupied IL would
grow just AS surely as the sun would set behind
Weddell Bluh, 10 quote the words OF the young
even Kansas town-slte boomer rub his eyes. 10
tell or the shipments OF wool "aggregatinR g.
100000 pounds last year." OF the good pasture 10
be had At t3 per square league annual rental :"
OF the traces OF gold found on Lake Argentine.
where RoOd mineral dew veopments will be mAde;"
OF the experiments In wheat culture 10 be made,
which will doubtless succeed" All OF this was
said 10 show that had arrived at Just the right
time 20 get IN on the ground floor ot great real
estate deal ! did not need 70 buy the lots. |
could have all would build on free Of coat, save
The sun., 1895-01-20

settlement dispassionately will say that so long
as famlnes OF drinks and tobacco impend, there
is no great hope for it1 future.
For the last three or four years the post OF sub
Juan Wilson. Don Juan when boy was known
as Johnnie Wilson at Alexandria, Va, but his
people emigrated to the Argentine, and the lad
entered the naval school, where he was Rrndu-
ated with honor. Something OF his subsequent
career IL worth telling to illustrate the Argen-
tine way Of doing things. Lieut. Wilson has
been in all the wars but one of the Argentine for
n quarter OF u century. lie has dozen medals
which were given to him for services rendered,
and he can show more scars obtained In battle
than he has medals. but he Is n Lieutenant still,
although men who entered the navy after and
below him rank as Cummodores and Admirnls.
That looks A. II he had been treated very un-
fairly, but the truth Is he can thank his lucky
stars. as he says, that no is no worse on lie
ernment but one, and every time but once has
been of the losing party. lie might have been
shot lawfully several times. but because he was
The sun., 1895-01-20
SETTLING PATAGONIA.
Three Stations Established on
the Coast.
AN ABLE TOWN SITE BOOMER
Santa Cruz's Nine Houses and Its
Pictured Future Prosperity.

The story or Port Desire Government by
Naval Lieuten.pts-Omcers Kept Ont
OF Revolutions by Exiie-Tsis OF m
I-dian B.by- Opportunities and Pros
pect. OF the Region-Ths Hotels At Gai-
Ieuoa-Gov. Mayors Cuitivstion OF Music
asd Literature In = Fsr-oH Coustry.
The sun., 1895-01-20

Iho learned disquisitions on tho habits OF
black bass, contributed to a technical journal
by A. \. Cheney OF Glens Falls. y. V, have
called forth from other writer's facts OF value
nr. Alfred llinde of Chicago gives some lnforma-
tlon In relation To these fish developed by micro
scopic observations or the retnR OF the eyes of
lHrge-mouthed black bass. lie concludes that
they aro unable 10 swim about after dark on
account OF the astrological character of the
baeillary layer Of their reEinte, which consists
on the fact that birds of nocturnal habits have
only rods in the cilary layer uf their refine.
Animals Of mixed habits, Of which man
and low degrees of illumination, have a
mixture Of both rods ana cones. On account,
ot the eye OF the large mouthed variety OF
blsck bass, lIr. iiinde things that It cannot
tions are apparently conclusive, 1t would be in
teresting Ia know how under such conditions
black bass are enabled - protect their young AT
night. That the Try have nocturnal encmie,
cannot bu doubted, The catfish, or bulkhead
which is generally surpassed To be night feed
OF the rstlua Of the eye OF catfish might re,
veal some facts whether It's habits are noCtur.
nal or not.
The report OF the Commissioner OF Crown,
Lands OF the Province OF Quebec for 1894
contains much OF interest 10 American anglers
and other sportsmen. OF the forty-eight fish
ana game clubs Incorporated during the year
our countrymen appear to be members in large
proportion. Ot the take OF SALMON In the river.
leased by our anglers, John Futtler, Jr, OF thS
=. Jean scores 10, weighing LOIS pounds,
MI Muriock. lessee of the York, has 10 Ills
credit 81 salmon, weighing l.i25 pounds,
W De Forest heads the list with a total
o. SOS salmon taken In the Grand Caspedla
the largest fish weighing 42lS pounds. Among
the 81; Maurice killed a smaller humber than
the others only 00s, the average OF weight
OF other organizations. The largest trout WAS
taken by the Triton Club and weighed 7E
Ponnds' Ihe Ambelish Club OF Springfield,
Mass.. which leases q portion OF the Meta,
eetchoqAn, took sg4 trout elEhing ass pounds.
pounds taken from the MuwAy BY W. ii. Blake,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1895-01-02

No. 126-AN ACT PERMITTING LICENSES TO MU-
TUAL LIVE STOCK INSURANCE COMPANIES.
hereby enacted By tie General assembly Of tie State Of
Vermont:
SECTION Mutual live stock insurance companies chartered
by the legislature of of the New England States organ
lied under the laws of New York may be licensed by the
commissioners in their discretion live stock in
business in this State upon compliance with the prov
of the of the State the relate
the admission of companies of other states excepting much
of the provisions of said insurance laws relates the
aon of the fund Butno than three such licenses
issued shall be in force at time
Sec Any such live stock insurance company admitted
do business in this State shall deposit quarterly in the months
in such Trust Company National Bank in this the in
commissioners shall designate all moneys received by
such company for its moruary fnnd from policy holders this
State Such deposits shall be withdrawn in such form and
such company and the insurance commissioners shall de-
eine and be used only for the purpose of paying losses
incurred for veterinary and such other
payable by the policy provisions from this fund occurring
in this State, long any liability to any policy holder this
State exists but such losses and expenses shall be paid by the
company when they become due whether said deposits su
cient to pay them not.
Sec The insurance commissioners hereby authorized
to revoke either temporarily permanently any license issued
under the provisions of this act
Sec H. Any such company permitted under the provisions of
this act to do business in this State shall comply with the General
Insurance Laws of this State regards the fling of papers,
power of attorney service of process payment of fees and
taxes, and as to fines and penalties.
SEC. s. This act shall take effect from its passage.
Approved November q, 1894.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1895-01-02

NO. 136-AN ACT AUTHORIZING TOWNS TO RE-
CEIvE MONEY IN TRUST, FOR BENEFIT OF GEM
ETERIES AND BURIAL LOTS.
It's Aeye5y enacted By tile General assembly Of the State Of
Vermont:
SECTION l. town may receive and hold in trust
money! the of wchs used for the and improve
of its cemeteries of private lots within such cemeteries
elsewhere.
SEC Such money SHALL unless otherwise directed by the
donor be paid the treasurer, who shall give receipt
therefor which shall be recorded in the office of the town clerk
book kept for that purpose In such book shall be stated
amount received from each donor and the specific purpose
which thereof appropriated Money received SHALL
otherwise directed by the donor be paid to the general fund
the town. and the shall perpetuay be liable for four
per thereof annually if the town borrow the
of money for of interest less than four per cent?
then for such less of interest annually to be expended for
the purpose and in the designated by the donor
SEQ g. receiving money under the provisions of this
shall annually elect trustee who shall expend such in
pursuant the condition of the trust and shall give
satisfaction of the sectmen of the conditioned
for the faithful performance of his duties He shall be paid
such sum- exceeding dollars day. for each day actually
which shall deducted from the said income of the principal
fund He may annually draw orders upon the town treasurer
to amount exceeding such income
SEC t. The shall keep separate account with
fund.- and SHALL annually pay orders drawn upon
him by trustee the amount hereinbeore provided and
shall annually report the condition of such account to the
town
s. The preceding sections shall not be construed
affect the action of that has heretofore received
in for the purpose named by the donor
Approved November 20, 1884.