The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1895-01-11
THE RHIz0BIUS vENTRAL|S,
Quarantine. officer Craw's Re-
port on Parasites. s@i
The Latest lmportations of Pest
Eaters Doing Well.
The Hesuis OF Inspactioas NJ san Ber-
nsrdino, Oetario, s~n Diego 'snd
6anta Barbara. e.,

Much information on the subject Of
beneficial insects is contained in this re-
port OF Alexander Draw. quarantine DID,
Ger and sntomologist Of the stats board
OF horticulture. on the colonization in
this state OF parasites, particularly the
Australian ladybug. rhizobius ventralis,
says the San Francisco Examiner. Ad-
dresaing Eiwood Cooper, president, ana
the board, Mr.. Craw writes:
GENrLEMsN:-Un your Instructions
j vieited the various countisa and made
an examination of a number of orchards
whore colonies OF tina black iadybug
(rhizohiup vsntralis) wers placed, and
herewith submit my reYart.
Considering tho ssssna of the year
and the condition of the weather inst
previous to the examination, bsieve
we can look for good rssults daring the
coming summer, when tho weather will
be more propitions. In yourown ex-
perience with this original colony OF this
lady bird it wau over a .yssr before they
increased in Numbers, and about II
months before you sens ous colonies.
AZ you Rrs aware. a number OF very
strong colpuieq were liberated around
Pomona in the laltsr part Of laat Sap.
tsmbsr and early in, Octnbsr. On Ds-
ceuiper 18th, in COMPANY with John
Scott, county horticultural commission
or, ami Inspector Jsmes Loney, l iu-
spsctsd several orchards in Pomona
which showed indifferent but not dis
couraging res ulta, Tor in most instances
tbs srsss wsrs very large snd ths
plantations arc so extensive that even
if 1,0U0. 900 winged bsstloa had been
liberated 1t would DO ditiicut to find
them even q few days later. In oil
pisces visited We found evidence Of the
beetles Or Larvae and . cleaner condition
OF tbs tress.
COLONIES IN AN OLIVE ORCHARD.
In Mr.. Packsrd's olive orchard the
beetles and larvae had spread from tha
tree where the colony was plscsd. Here
We found Larvae OF various sizes. from
very small to fully developed specimens
about ready to change iaso chrvsslis.
At Mr.. Alfred Wrights s,live orchard
We found beetles and larvae OF Rhzobius
ventralis, also . few larvae oi Rhizobus
iebilie. The black scale had done con-
sidarSbls injury to the small inside
twiRs. bnt it 10 not 10 plentiful now.
Mr.. LonsY reported TO ns that the
Rhizohius ventralis Larvae were nusnei-
| Qua IN thia orchard about Que month
previous. 1t was from this orchard
| that Mr.. Scott sSns thu para3itizsd lady
bird larvae that | reported to You on
| November 9th. Alter an examination
of the orchnriI zeal c)nvincsd that they
ars tire young OF ExochpmuR and. not
vsntralis, because the larvae are only
found attached to the trunks aud under
side of the branches, a position that the
| latter species. even when very numer-
Gus, never seleotsJ. AT this and q sub
ssquent visit to Mr.. Wrights orchard /
collected tho Larvae of the Rhizobius
ven,ralis in order to determine if they
too are subjscs to the attack OF internal
parasites, hut as yet thsre 10 no indica-
ton that such 10 the Gaze. will raise
them until they pasa through the lsrval
form. The mature beetle 10 not subject
to the ATTACK Of this inter nal parasite, 60
will secure larvae Of the Rhizobius
ventralis at different ssasons in order to
fully determine if they are parasitizsd.
COLONY PLANTED IN SAN BERNXRDINo.
On December 18th, with Msssrs. Col
Inns and Musoott, horticultural com mis-
sioners Of San Bsrnsrdino county, Wis
tied the olive orchard Of Supervisor 1.
W. Lord, at CucamongA, WHORE l placed
q colony Of nearly 5000 beetles on Sep
tember Goth last. This orchard was a
q very ssriSus condition when the lady
birds were liberated. Nearly every leaf
WAS covered with young black scale, and
il appeared to be very desirable iooa-
ton for q strong colony. Daring our
examination q strong wind prevsile d
and our search was not very successful.
but an inspection Of the trees revsAle d
the fact that hardly scale remained
alive. At the time that this colony was
placed, another OF about 5000 beetles
WAS put in the Dwinells olive orchard
at the head of Euclid svenus, North
Ontario. This orchard was In q more
serious condition than Mr.. Lords, but
at the present Ia ~ free from live scales.
AN ORANGE GROVE AT ONTARIO CLEANED.
Al w. O. Farlow's orange grove in
North Oatario, whsrs the colonies Of
Rhizobius ventralis wers placed last fall,
we aould find very littls scale. This or.
ohard had also been very badly infested.
Mr.. Collins believes that tbs freedom of
those orchards from the sosls must bs
attributed to tbs heat Attsy tho young
scales hstohed, bat it is q fact that vs.
have had no hot days sines this lady
birds vera liberated, A temperature OF
105 to ITO il nscsssAry to kill tue Larvae
OF the black scale. As this scale il alive
in several orch ards in Ontario. Pomona
/ aud .Riversids, whore tbs climatic CON-
ditions were unqusstiona ably similar. to
some other causes thaa heat 10 Gttribut-
able the disappearance OF the scale in
in thons orchards. II ie claimed that
several orher orchards are equally free
that wsro formerly infested with scale
and whore no lsdybirds were placed,
but the fact that mono were put in these
orchards does not prove that They did
not reach there themselves. In q
former report called attention
to the fact that I found Larvae
of Rhixobius veatrKlis ct least
one mile in a direot line from where .
colony was turned out, low range OF
hills intervening in this instance. In
| spsctors Lonsy and Pcxss each called
! my attention TO orange trees containing
beetle and larvae. one orchard In Pomona
and the other across the lima in San Der
nardino county.
| A colony OF Rhizobius ventralis was
placed in the Centinela orchard at In
glswood on Ssptsmber Sd, and. upon ex-
| animation Of the trees December 14th
found larvae from very small to nearl y
/ fnIl ~rowu