St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1895-07-13
COTTON PRODUCTION.


Tan the staple % EfOneo0ly VrO00ce0 II
Prevailing Prices4
The south is suffering to-day from
''underconsumption" rather than over
production. The increase of popula-
tion and the march of progress should
demand. the present season, over TO-
OOO, 600 bales Of cotton ut fair prices.
The general financial depression limits
the worlds capacity to buy it. Hence,
low prices and stagnation of trade.
Cotton responds more quickly to finan-
cial depression than do food products.
1t is the sensitive plant" among agri-
cultural products. The external man
must suffer before the internal, and
clothing is bought in limited quantities
only when incomes are barely sufficient
to supply the table. The high tide
Of universal prosperity, eliminating
first in the Argentine Republic, then
in Australia. has been followed by the
lowest ebb of prices ever known all
over the world. These low prices are
due to the worlds incapacity to buy
rather than to overproduction.
The present crop Of cotton is esti-
mated at $3.50, 900 bales. This will
give an average acre yield Of about
200 pounds of lint cotton, with about
four and one-half cents per pound to
the producer, or nine dollars per acre.
To this may be added the seed, about
twelve bushels. worth now to the
planter not over ten cents per bushel-
an extremely low price, caused by .
combination Of oil mills. An aggre-
gate value per acre for cotton-rsising
is thus 5000.
Can cotton be profitably grown ut
such prices? Under existing conditions,
no, emphatically NO. Shall the future
crop be reduced, or shall new condi-
tions be established and the present
size Of the crop maintained? We can't
afford to surrender cotton-growing to
the competing countries Of the world,
and auy material reduction in our crop
would cause increased prices next year,
which might stimulate enlarged pro
duction in Egypt, India, Brazil, Rus
sin. etc. We must destroy the compe-
tition # other countries by growing it
cheaper than they can do it. How can
we do this? BY adopting new and i'm
proved methods of cultivation, diversi.
fying crops, readjusting labor and
changing our system Of finances De
pleted soils, unreliable and unintelli.
gent labor, and high money rates are
the causes of low yields and unprofita'
BILE returns.
The soils must be improved. This
can be best accomplished BY introduc
ing . rotation Of crops involving corn
oats. cowpeas and cotton. Corn and
oats will furnish feed for stock (now
largely bought in the west). and
heavy annual expense saved. They
will raise hogs and furnish bacon foI
laborers, which is now almost ex
clusively purchased from the west
The cowpeas would furnish hay (nou
LARGELY purchased) besides improving
greatly the soil. Judicious fertiliza
ton in conjunction with the above 70
tation would largely enhance prod
ucts. Improved plows. planters and
cultivators must be more largely used
The cotton chopper; and cotton picker
instruments now imperatively de
manded in every cotton Geld. will. II y
hoped. be soon perfected. II 80. theil
use would materially lower the cost o
saising cotton.
The raising Of horses and mnle'
would save many millions annually 4
~ Sottoo plaDteg, ard they eHD y