davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
SubsoiI Flowing.

You can purchase subsoil plows of
any implement dealer. There are also
attachments made that may be put Oh
ordinary stirring plows These general
ly give very good satisfaction.
As to the time of year to do the work,
that depends ON the soil and other cir
cumstances the same as in ordinary
plowing. A correspondent of Farm,
Field and Fireside says that it may be
done every year or only once i'll two OF
three years as circumstances will per
NIT. Subsoil plowing is loosening the
subsoil without bringing it to the sur
face. Where the loosened subsoil is laid
on the surface, it is called trench plow'
ing. Subsoiling is probably advisable
on larger variety of soils in this coun'
try than is trench plowing. On un
drained soils it often is worse than use
less, unless in rare cases, where there il
a thin layer of compact soil above por
Gus soil. In heavy clay soils the effect:
are not permanent. In deep, loose soils
the practice may do some good, but moi
always enough to repay the extra cost.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
Experiments with Potatoes.

In Kansas station bulletin is given
q record Of experiments conducted three
consecutive years to test the relative
value for seed Of tubers from the first
crop and from the second crop. BY early
planting Of early varieties seed potatoes
were secured in July sufficiently matured
to produce a second crop in the same
season. The second crop was light, the
tubers often small, but firm and of fine
quality. Second crop potatoes kept until
planting time, were sound, firm and
nearly free from sprouts, while the or.
binary crop became badly sprouted and
shriveled. In most cases second crop po-
tatoes used as seed gave larger yield
than seed tubers from the first crop,
the increase in 1890 and 1891 averaging
49% per cent. From second crop seed
potatoes the growth Of tops was larger
and the blooms more abundant. Second
crop seed, allowed to become sprouted
and soft before planting, yielded only
IA per cent more than ordinary seed po'
tatoes.
Flat culture and hill culture gave
practically the same yield.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
Pruning Peach Trees.

Peach trees at the time Of planting
should be pruned to straight whip, ev-
cry branch cut off. At the first starting
Of growth, buds low down along the
body start into growth and all such
should be rubbed off, the sooner the bet
ter, and up to the height where one de-
sires the branches to form. In the sub
sequent one or two years trim off any
side shoots that form too low down on
the body and thin out branches that
crowd. Also shorten back any strong
branches that grow too much on one side
so as to secure asymmetrical form. Little
more trimming will be necessary until
the trees have borne good crop of fruit
After q crop of peaches the trees
should be trimmed by cutting out three
to four feet or more of those branches
that extend farthest from the body or
center of the tree. This will check the
flow of sap in those most vigorous
branches and increase the vigor and
strength Of the more feeble ones, and as
a whole greatly restore and equalize the
vigor and symmetry of the tree
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
EHKM.seAaseszSE
GHEKPEN
MINERAL MANURES.
Their Importance 20 the Long Cultivated
| Soils Of the Older States.

Their Importance 20 the Long Cultivated
Soils OF the Older States.
II is q mistake to speak Of most soils
that have ever been fertile as being Tex
hausted. +" What is really true of such
soils is that the available mineral plant
food that they contain has been used up.
What is left is not soluble, aDd&ut for
the fact that good management of the
soil may yet make it useful it might as
we'll not be there. This can only be done
gradually, setting loose small portion
each year. In the meantime to produce
large crops more mineral fertility of
kinds already in the soil must be added
in soluble form for immediate use.
All heavy soils contain potash, yet
potash manures may often be used with
great advantage on such soils for crops
that require much potash and have lit.
tie power to get it. There is very great
difference in plants in this respect.
Some are gross feeders and can take
large amounts Of mineral matter from
soil where other plants that equally
need the same mineral starve and die
Clover and the grasses help TO make
mineral manures soluble in the soil. So
also do such leguminous plants as peas
and beans.
The question whether farmers should
use the mineral manures is one of the
profit or loss which such use involves.
In localities far removed from market
and where land is Of little value the
slow method Of increasing fertility by
growing renovating crops is often the
only one that can be adopted. But
where markets are near and land is
valuable this slow method is more ex-
pensive than any other A market gar
dener uses each year more per acre Of
manure than would buy an acre Of rich
land in less favorable locality. But he
can we'll afford to do this.
Whether farmer can use much OF
little mineral fertilizer must depend or
how much he can make by it. He may
use very little and use it on such crops
that the increased yield will not pay
him. He may use large amounts anC
make proportionately large profit. Sc
long as the increased crop pays its cos
and something in addition the farmer
cannot afford to do without it, and il
he be shrewd farmer he will not at
tempt to do so. Mineral manures are
practical aids to soil fertility. They arc
not merely stimulants to the crop, but
if they are used in connection with fre
quent seeding with clover the mineral
fertilizer will as surely increase fertility
as will a dressing Of stable manure
Wherever mineral fertilizers have beer
applied year after year the growing o.
clover is especially advantageous, al
this plant can reach potash and phos
pilates that would be lost if the lant
were continuously cropped with grain
American Cultivator.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
Outdoor Roses.

The so called ever blooming roses are
chiefly found among the teas and hybrid
teas, many Of which are hardy as far
north as New York city, and some in
even more rigorous climates. Among the
very best within the latitude mentioned
is the old favorite La France. Marie
Van Houtte is another first rate sort for
the flower bed Another fine white va
riety is found in Marie Guillo. Hermosa
is still included among the most satis-
factory kinds for our purpose. Among
the yellows Perle des Jardins is probably
the best, being quite hardy in the lati-
tude Of Philadelphia, excepting during
unusually cold seasons. Papa Gontier
produces its bright red buds freely out
doors. Malmaison is an old time favor
ite and has withstood the test Of 30
years.
AS an edging for the rose bed nothing
is more appropriate than some Of the
polyantha roses, these charming dwarfs
being of free though slender growth, and
seldom out of flower Two Of the best
varieties of this class are Clothilde Sou
pert and Paquerette, the first having
pinkish flowers with white center and
the second tiny double white blossoms,
usually growing id clusters.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
1SYiGfEaRM@k
FlELnsNp CRRDEN
SY,.~96ssss -. - .sSsSS';'.---.---
MIXING OF FERTILIZER.
When ard How It May he Practiced by
Farmers at Home.

When ard How It May he Practiced by
Farmers at Home.
A study Of the fertilizer market shows
that saving Of 10 to 20 per cent may
oe made in the purchase of fertilizing
materials by buying at wholesale and
taking advantage Of low markets. In the
home mixing Of fertilizers there is a
great chance for saving. A common ar
gument against home mixing is that
the mechanical condition of the fertiI-
zers will not be equal TO that Of CONNER
cial brands. This need not be so, for by
the use of a screen home mixtures may
be made fine enough to use in any plant
er Some care, however, should be taken
that there be q sufficient proportion Of
well dried materials like blood, tankage
or fine ground bone, to make the mix
ture dry enough so that it will not hold
together when pressed within the hand.
Where much nitrate Of soda is used, the
mixing should be done but few days
before wanted for use, as the nitrate has
o tendency to absorb moisture.
The advantages Of home mixing are
| l. A considerable saving from the prices
Of commercial brands may be made by
buying the chemicals 2. The mixture
can be suited to the crop TO be grown.
8. The peculiarities Of particular soils
may be considered in preparing the mix
lures. 4. A saving in freight by using
concentrated materials.
The farmer should study the needs
of his crop and the deficiencies of his soil
to the same extent that he studies the
needs Of his farm animals. Fertilizers
should be used to supplement the stable
manures. Except in special cases, their
use in this way is more economical thar
if used alone. The fact that good stable
manure supplies considerable nitrogen
should point out the need of economic
ing ON this particular element where
both stable manure and fertilizers are Il
be used.
In preparing home mixtures, it is i'm
portant to consider first that nitrogen
phosphorio acid and potash in available
forms are the only ingredients that W.
need to consider in the preparation O
fertilizers. Lime is often needed but al
mixtures containing phosphates will alst
supply some lime, while if heavy linn
ing is thought advisable air Stacked lin,
is probably the best material to use, say
the author of the foregoing in a commu
nication to Rural New Yorker. He eau
tions against the tendency to use ferti
izers too sparingly and advises the EN-
ployment of from 1000 to 1900 pound
| nor anra
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
Cowpeas In Ohio.

One Of Ohio's progressive farmers,
writing to Rural New Yorker, says:
Last year grew IS acres of cowpeas
for fertilizing purposes and am better
pleased than ever with this plant. Land
that is unfavorable to clover will grow
peas, and as precede the peas with a
heavy coat Of rye the soil is filed with
organic matter that adds fertility, in
creases the capacity of the soil to hold
moisture and improves its mechanical
condition. The last is most important
in the growing Of potatoes in clayey
loans. Potatoes must have loose earth
around them when growing, and that
follows from the free use Of vegetable
manures.
Last year I hand picked 40 bushels
Of peas for seed-partly by proxy, OF
course. The cost of picking and thrash
ing was about 80 cents a bushel, and as
seed from the south costs me usually
81. .25 a bushel delivered ON the farm l
am ahead Of the game. If one were pre-
pared to harvest the peas with hogs,
/ doubt whether there would be much
profit in picking ones own seed, as the
feeding and fertilizing value Of bush
ell Of peas is greater than that of a bush
ell Of wheat. Peas are a great cleansing
crop.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
What the Florists Say.

Budding roses is very easy. The
Manetti is still the best stock. Budding
can be done about the middle or end Of
June.
All lilies that can be grown in the
open garden can be grown in pots.
Frequent hoeing among the roses, in
order to keep the surface of the soil loose,
will be found beneficial and should be
especially persisted in during a dry spell
The Japan Rugosa hybrid, Georges
Bruant rose, is hardy and worthy Of
trial
The Mrs. w. @. Whitney is a new
hybrid tea rose of great promise.
Eleagnus is regarded by some as in
trinsically one of the most valuable
shrubs ever introduced.
The Japan weeping rose fiowered
cherry is of graceful, pendulous habit,
producing immense quantities Of flowers
during the Towering period.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
Rearing Young Turkeys.

Confne the brood for week after
Matching. Should the mother hen then
become restless, she may be let out dur
ing the middle of the day. As the tur-
key retires early and dislikes being dis
turbed after settling down for the night,
be sure to coop them before the sun
sets The young turkeys will eat but lit
tie the first week. Feed separate from
the mother, for she will devour all the
food within reach. Dry bread soaked in
sweet milk is one Of the best foods for
the young, as is curd from fresh butter
milk. When months old, feed whole
wheat part Of the time and mix corn
meal with their feed This should not
be fed exclusively. Allow liberty, as con-
finement will kill young turkeys. When
the mother hen begins tramping wildly
from one side Of the coop to the other,
let her out unless the weather is unfa.
vorable. When the size of partridges and
old enough to follow the mother in long
rambles, the young will need but little
attention, simply little feed morning
and evening. Do not neglect to bring
them homo at night and put under shell
ter until old enough to fly into trees anC
care for themselves. This advice is from
American Agriculturist. 1t is also sug
gested that you teach the turkeys t.
come at the sound of your voice. 1t vii
save many q weary tramp in searching
woods and fields.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
Bone and Potash For Fruits.

The Rural New Yorker has been for
Is years an advocate for the use of bone
and potash for hardy fruits, large and
small This authority says: Bone (raw
bone) and potash, whether in the form
Of ashes or muriate, will give to fruits
all the food they need that the soil does
not freely supply. We consider that nj
trogen supplied in soluble forms is q
waste of money. The nitrogen of bone is
slowly soluble, and we may make il
available by an earlier or later applica-
tion." Experiments by fruit growers
and experiment stations have shown dur
ing more recent years that this advocacy
of bone and potash for fruit plants has
been no mistake.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
The New Bordeaux Mixture.

The new bordeaux mixture, it is
claimed, has the advantage over that
famous mixture in being less injurious
to foliage, less liable to be washed away
by rains and less likely to choke the
nozzle Of the spraying machine. The
new formula is as follows: Quicklime,
pounds ounces; molasses, pounds
6 ounces; sulphate of copper, pounds
6 ounces; water, 22 gallons.
The essential difference between the
new and old formulas, as explained by
American Agriculturist, is the presence
Of themolasses, which has q greater in
fuence than would at first be expected
The prescription, as given by NJ. Per-
ret, is to add the molasses to ID gallons
Of water, then slack the lime and add
AZ gallons Of water to form milk Of
lime. Pour this slowly into the sweet
ened water, stirring briskly in order to
mix intimately. Next, in third (wood-
EN- vessel dissolve the bluestone and
pour this into the previous mixture,
stirring well. In this blending of mate
rials chemical changes are taking place
When the milk of lime and sweetened
solution are intimately mixed together,
then saccharate Of lime is formed. Next,
when to this is added the solution of
sulphate Of copper, double decomposi-
tion takes place, sui bhate Of lime is
formed ON the one hand and soluble sac
charate Of copper on the other This
saccharate of copper is only formed in
presence Of an excess of lime, and its
formation is indicated by the mixture
assuming o beautiful greenish tinge.
Thus the mixture is rendered alkaline
and the acid neutralized by the lime.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
News and Noteg.

After years Of trial Professor Bailey
states in one Of his reports: II am con-
vinced that the electric light can be used
to advantage in the forcing Of some
plants"
Estimates ON the condition Of wheat
throughout the United States place it at
about two points below that Of the cor
responding date last year.
The coming boom in farming is wind
mill irrigation
Experiments at the stations make il
appear that it does not pay to remove
the butt and tip kernels from the ear
saved for seed.
Rural New Yorker says: We have ex,
amined good many silos and their con-
tents during the past week. The best en-
silage has been found in tight wooden
silos with the corn cut into the finest
pieces.
The cabbage worm can be conquered by
tobacco water or kerosene emulsion.
Hogs and alfalfa fields are a safe re.
lance ON the irrigated farm.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27

8. Then green willow twigs quarter OF
an inch thick are firmly set in the
ground close together in line with the
edge Of the sod, being one foot high in
the center, gradually rising to 10 inches
at the center Of the ends. Smaller green
willow twigs are interviewer in q basket
like manner, the ends being drawn in
side. The handle has three slender twigs,
with q long shoot Of Akebia quinata car
ried in zigzag manner all over it to
form trellis. A stout piece Of string
will answer. The handle must be carried
20 inches higher than the sides, or the
plants will hide it. The inside is then
lined with coffee bagging and good soil
filed in.
Now for planting: After you have
used Manettia bicolor at each base Of
the handle and Solanum jasminoides
at one end, choice climbing tropeolum
at the other, drawn and fastened along
the edge with geranium or so to give
constant color, you can fill in with any
free Towering plant. Verbenas, Callir'
hoe involucrata, or any plant with Q
spreading habit, is good for the edge.
The manettia vine should be trained
from side to side Of the handle ant
pinched back when the tops meet.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
CORN FOR THE slLo.
How the 5orn Crop May he Disposed q
NJ n Good Pro6t.


The popularity Of corn as an ensilage
crop is not likelt to decline until some
superior plant is found to take its place.
BY virtue Of it's lSNge yields, great feed
ing value and the wide range Of soils
and climates where it can be produced,
corn stands pre-eminently the great en-
silage crop Of the country. The corn
crop can always be disposed Of at good
profit il one uses it for feeding either
green in the field or in the ensilage form
later in the season. Sometimes the grain
is so cheap that the growers claim there
is no longer any profit in corn. Never
theless it is and always will be the great
crop of this country. Those who depend
upon corn alone, however, must take
the risk Of making or losing which ev-
cry specialist encounters. A surplus crop
means low prices and almost ruin to
many farmers; small crop means high
prices, but small amount Of produce
to sell. Between these two extremes
many farmers make fair living, but
each year knowing that uncertainty is
ahead.
Corn culture is sure enough now to
make every farmer feel confident that
he can raise fair crop even in dry sea-
sons, but he never has the same conf
dence in the markets His whole crop Of
fine, we'll matured corn may bring in
only little more than enough to pay
for expenses. What is he to do in such
case? Prairie Farmer says:
This would not be if more corn were
raised for feeding directly at home. A
corn farmer ought to be stock raiser as
well He has no business to put all Of
his eggs in such risky basket Where
corn grows naturally, as in the corr
belt, the food for stock can be raised al
q mere nominal cost Nearly one-hali
Of the crop should be used for feeding
the cattle grain and preserved for win
ter feeding in the silo. II the corn il
the grain does not sell at profit the cat
tie will, and rather than ship the graiI
to market at loss it is better to in
crease the stock and feed the grain Il
them. This is the only sensible view
that any farmer can take. During tn,
past season farmers, for the want o
ready money, have sold corn that woulc
not net them dollar in profit But i
cattle had been fed with the grain tn
ready money would have been obtained
and more of it. Wheat and corn can b
used in other ways than selling to tn
marketman. The low price Of whea
this season has taught many good les
son, and it is to be hoped that cor
growers will see light for them in tn
same experience Corn must be raise
for the silo more than it has in the past
and now is good time to begin il
There is money in ensilage corn and i
green corn fodder if we can only stud
the situation SO as to see it.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27

Always apply water to the vegetables
in the evening as the sun is going down.
After each irrigation the soil should be
stirred with hoe, or, better still, you
may get a small hand cultivator run
ming ON a wheel and which can be
bought for about 81. 1t is quicker and
does better work than hoe and can be
set to plow, cultivate or weed between
the rows. Irrigate as often as the plants
show signs Of tagging Large plants
will, as a rule, not need water whenev-
or the soil is wet enough six inches deep
to roll up with your hands into ball,
but for small seedlings or newly trans
planted vegetables the surface must be
kept moist.
In very arid climates it is a good
plan, whenever bed is sown with
seeds, to cover it with straw, brush or
hay, so as to prevent evaporation. OF
course the covering must be removed as
soon as the seeds are well up, or they
will grow weak and spindly for lack Of
light and air. The covering is also use
full as protection for radishes, lettuce,
peas and other vegetables that may be
sown extra early. Whether the water
should be applied to the beds by the
flooding or by the furrow system de-
pends upon the variety Of vegetables
cultivated and the quality of the soil
Where the soil is light and contains
plenty of manure or vegetable humus, O
writer in The Irrigation Age says that
the best results are obtained by leaving
the beds fiat and just running water
over them. There are, however, many
crops, such as potatoes and strawberries,
which need to be grown in burrows.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
A GRAND OUTING.

The celebration of Marry Millers wedding
and Mr.. and Mrs Frank Rastetter's wooden
wedding was held at Congress lake last Sunday
June 10. The following persons were present
and enjoyed very pleasant day. Mr.. and
Mrs. Marry Miller, the bride and groomi Mr.
and Mrs. Charles Dannemiller, Mr., and Mrs
Frank Schultz, Miss Ellen Shultz Mr.. Henry
shultz, from Cairo" the capitol of Egypt
Mr. and Mrs. Ed Wagner, Mr.. and Mrs. Frank
Rastetter, Maudie King, from Canton; Mr. and
Mrs. solon Van Derkar, Mr.. and Mrs. En- met
Miller, Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Butler, Miss Cleo Van
Derkar, George Van Derkar, John Rockhill
from Alliance.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
uydrangeas, oleanders, Etc.

Hydrangeas of the hortensis Sec
tion, aucubas, agapanthus, oleanders,
agaves, bay trees, Dracena indivisa,
etc., that are used for standing about
the lawns, may now be placed in their
positions.
Geraniums, verbenas, salvias, Pyre-
thrum aureum, echeverias, alyssum, cal
endula, candytuft, nasturtiums, stocks,
petunias, double daisies, and all other
hardy ANIMALS, may be planted out at
once, if not already done. Have the
plants well watered about a half hour
before planting them.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1895-06-27
BARNARD Manure.

Speaking Of barnyard manure, Profess
or Bailey says there are sound scientif-
ic reasons for the high esteem in which
this manure is held. 1t contains all the
fertilizing elements required by plants
in forms that insure plentiful crops and
permanent fertility to the soil. 1t not
only enriches the soil with the nitrogen,
phosphoric acid and potash which it con-
tains, but it also renders the stored up
materials of the soil more available, i'm
proves its mechanical condition, makes
it warmer and enables it to retain more
moisture or to draw it up from below