The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1895-09-24

pended upon under all conditions.
There is absolutely no danger"
Please remember our text.
am not trifiing but pointing to
merest possibilities just now. Sup
pose fly or two had CHANGED TO steal
ride from Oahu to Kauai. They
might very easily escape detection by
riding on the topmast somewhere.
See what late experiments show !:
"Simmond of Hamburg removed nine
flies from the opened intestine of a
cholera patient and placed them in q
large bottle, where they could fly,
thus fsvoring the desiccstion of the
bacteria which they carried. At the
end of period varying from five to
forty five minutes, each one was
placed in tube OF liquified gelatine.
After shaking, the gelatine was pour
ed out on plates, all of which, after
forty eight hours were covered with
innumerable colonies of comma ba-
cill1. Simmonds took six other flies,
which he placed under bell glass,
with fragment of choleraic intestine,
then placed them in tubes as before.
The gelatine produced each time num-
erous colonies of comma bacilli.
These experiments show that, at the
end of an hour and a half, the flies
which have been in contact with chol-
eraic germs may prove serious me-
dunn OF Infection, especially if they
I alight on such food as soup, sauces
and milk which form excellent cul-
| ture mediums for the bacillus in ques-
| ton. All the various foods on which
flies alight, should be placed carefully
out of their reach" DIR. Dujardin-
Beaumetz, Journal des Sciences Uni
verselle, Paris.
QUARANTINE.
By the conference of Constantino-
| pie, 1866, quarantine was fixed at ten
days, but vessels in which all SAM
tary precautions had been taken, in
GLIDING inspection at the port of de-
parture, and which carried commits
stoned medical officer, had the time
spent on the voyage as part of the
quarantine period. III the voyage had
lasted fifteen days or more the quar-
antine was reduced to five days.
At the conference of Vienna, 1874,
it was decided that "rigid qusrantines
were less to be feared in their econo-
mic consequences than the evils con-
seQuent on the diffusion of epidemic
cholera" that 1--WE know guarantees
prevent importation-but they do not
quarantine SAFETY" The last confer
ence held in Rome formulated rules
for International application, sin the
measure indicated by science" which
had by this time discovered the etiolo- |
gical factors Of cholera
The following rules were adopted:
800 arrival at European ports sus-
pected vessels are to be considered en- |
titled TO free proti3ue only where in
spection in day time by the medical |
officer of the port revealed that all |
needful precautions had been /
taken before sailing and on the |
voyage. and that no case of a |
suspicious character had occurred on /
board, and that ten days at least had |
been spent en- route. If this period |
had not elapsed since leaving port, a
detention of twenty-four hours was
required for observation with disin-
lection of linen and other personal ef-
fects. The period of observation was
limited TO five days; but if no case of
cholera had occurred on board for ten
days the detention was reduced to
twenty-four hours. Vessels with pas
sengers for the ports of Egypt and tie
Red Sea should be inspected near the
Straits of Babe ell Mondab and again
on arrival at destination. Vessels not
carrying a medical officer on board
should be subjected to two examina-
tons. This conference imposed de-
tention of twenty-four hours in cases
where the ses voyage from suspected
ports had lasted less than ten days,
and a quarantine of from three to six
days on suspected vessels from Medi-
terrsnean ports, with no proposition
looking TO the system of medical in
spection as an alternative" DIR.
Smart. ex-Surgeon General, Z. s. A,
Ref. Hdbk Med. Sciences 81.
America, with her usual progressive
spirit, erred on the right side in 1878,
and went so far as to prohibit vessels
carrying certain goods from Russian
ports from landing at New York.
While this, of course, was modified,
the Usited States have system Of
embracing what require
ments the country calls fer, it is eau
tioQs, scientific and rigid. Like al
most every other American thing, il |
is an improvement on old country
methods On September !, 1892, the
President issued 8 circular declaring
twenty days quarantine against all
ships and from any port whatever.
There was urgency and they met it, |
Just IS we have with far less rigid
measures. March Is, 1893, Secretary
Carlisle issued new regulations, con-
tanning seventeen articles, in regard |
to quarantine. They are valuable
II
DR.. Burroll, of New York, says in .
Medical Record, July, 'S5: ain the
Inst place, such an examination and
quarantine as was prac-
iced during recent cholera epidemics
vas defensive blow nearest the seat
# evil. ! second quarantine on this
ide Of the water, in the event Of sus-
vicious cases arriving on board Of a :
Tessel, is our additional defense. If I
borough disinfection of personal
lothing and baggage is prseticed, '
nd all exposed localities are Z
arefully cleansed, so that il =
be disease enter il may find .
20 soil TO nourish il, it dos not seem :.
ecessary to require detention longer
ban ten days for healthy vessels from !.
Effected ports, or which contain pas q
sDgers from infected districts, or for a
Infected vessels Of more than ten days b
fter the end of the last case Of cbol- q
n or acute intestinal disturbance" In
1t l. not surprising that the popular
lind, unused TO scientific thought or
should readily accept each
1vapce in science as an ultima thule, o.