The daily morning journal and courier., 1895-04-22
HAS NEVER BEEN AFFIRMED
SENATOR HILL GIVES VIEWS ON
 AFFAIRS IN SOUTH AMERICA.

He Declares That the Monroe Doctrine
 Had Never Been Affirmed by Congress-
 Traced Into New Lines of Thought and
 Action and John Quincy Adams, He Said,
 Had the Eye to Discern It-Never Re-
 Vealed to the World.
 Albany, April 21.-Senator Hill was to-day asked whether experts in public law think the Monroe doctrine has given to the United States special right not given by the general law, to intervene between Great Britain and Venezuela in the pending boundary dis pute or assume a protectorate over Spanish America.
 The senator answered that he had never thought so.
 But does not the Monroe doctrine, was enquired, declare that the United States cannot permit any Spanish American republic on this continent to be oppressed, or it's destiny controlled by a European state?
 That would not have referred, MT. Hill said, to legitimate dispute such as we or any other government might have with Spanish American state It protested against using such a con- troversy with an intention to increase European political dominion on this hemisphere or control the destiny of an American state or transfer a, colony like to new European owner, but did not change what was the law of nations.
 The establishment, a year or two be- fore 1892, of more than a dozen inde- pendent states at the south of us forced the United States into new lines of thought and action. John Quincy Adams, our then minister of foreign affairs, had the eye to discern it. En- tangling alliances on this side as well as on the other side of the ocean were to be avoided as far as could be. We had to maintain impartial neutrality in the affairs of the new Spanish Ameri- can states and suppress piratical ex- petitions from our shores against any of them, or any remaining European colony. The Monroe doctrine has ex- erted a powerful influence at home and abroad in regard to Cuba, Yucatan, Nicaragua and the Mosquito Indians. A Napoleonic dynasty set up thirty years ago in Mexico and dominion over all the regions of projected tnteroceanic canals
 Senator Hill stated that congress had never affirmed the Monroe doctrine. When two years after President Mon roe made his declaration a congress was convened by Bolivar at Panama for the discussion of an "American alliance" +< substantial concurrence of opinion be- tween President John Quincy Adams and the members of the senate and house that the declaration did not pledge the United States to forever thereafter prevent a European power from interfering with the independence or form of government of a Central American state.
 The senator said that the doctrine could not be formulated in a treaty or a statute, but yet it's moral influence had been and ought to be very great. Dis should, however, have been made between legitimate disputes and purpose behind the disputes such as imposing by force European political control over the destiny of reluctant independent Spanish-Ameri- can state.
 MT. Hill recalled the fact that in 1883 President Arthur authorized Secretary Frelinghuysen to say that the state de- partment would not sanction arbitra- ton by European states of South Amer ican difficulties, and that two years be- fore that Secretary Blaine wrote to our at Paris that the president would regard with grave anxiety an at- tempt by France to force, by hostile | pressure, the payment by Venezuela of l her debt to French citizens The sena- i tor remarked, however, that interposing | our good offices between England and | Venezuela was one thing, but dictating l to one or the other peremptory way | was very different thing, unless 1t was | a clear case of self-defense. The sena- tor stated that John Quincy Adams | motive in inventing the Monroe doctrine l was pressure on Spain to desist from | further efforts to conquer her American | by the aid of the Holy Alliance, coupled with fear that France would | seek compensation in Cuba for assassi- hating Ferdinand VII in Spain.
 Mir Adams diplomacy was success Full.
 MT Hill further said! "The text of that interesting correspondence during 1925 and 1926, carried on under the eye of that marvellous man, President John Quincy Adams, and his proposal to Mexico in 1927 to sell herself to the United States, have never been reveal ed to the world"