davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05
Music BY the Ton.

1t requires more force to sound a
note gently on the piano than to lift
the lid Of kettle. A German COM
poser has figured that the minimum
pressure of the finger, playing pianis-
simo, is equal to ITO grammes-a
quarter OF pound. Few kettle lids
weigh more than two ounces.
The German s calculations are easy
to verify il one takes small handful
Of coins and piles them on key Of
the piano. When sufficient guam
tity is piled on to make note sound
they may then be weighed and these
figures will be found to be true.
II the pianist is playing fortissimo
q much greater force is needed. At
times force of six pounds is thrown
upon single key to produce a soli-
tary effect. With chords the force
is generally spread over the various
notes sounded simultaneously,
though a greater output of force is
undoubtedly expended. This is what
gives pianists the wonderful strength
in their fingers that is often COM
mented on. A story used to be told
of Paderewski that he could crack a
pane of French plate glass half an
inch thick merely by placing one
hand upon it, as il upon piano key
board and striking it sharply with
his middle finger.
Chopin's last study in G minor has
q passage which takes two minutes
and five seconds to play. The total
pressure brought to bear on this, it
is estimated, is equal to three full
tons. The average tonnage" Of an
hours piano playing Of Chopin's
music varies from twelve to eighty
four tons. Wagner has not yet been
calculated along these lines.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05
Egg. Shipped Without Shells.

A consular report tells of large
quantities os shelled eggs being sent
to England from Russia and Italy for
the use OF pastry cooks. bakers. no
tells and restaurants. The eggs are
emptied from their shells into tin
cans holding /, 900 or more. and after
being Theoretically sealed are packed
with straw into wooden cases. the
taps through which the contents are
drawn being added by those using
them. Great care Is necessary in
selecting The eggs. rs single bad
one would spoil the whole lot. Lower
price and saving Of time and greater
ease and less expense and loss in
handling are named as the adv an
tages OF this system. Thus far the
Russian product has been uniformly
good, whereas the Italian shipments
have so frequently been spoiled that
analysis Of the Russian supply has
been ordered to determine II pre-
servatives are used.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05
THE LARGEST TELESCOPE.
a Remarkable Lens Made ~ IN
American Firm.

The Clarks have accomplished what
has long been regarded as an impossi-
bic thing and one which no European
manufacturer of lenses could be in
duced to attempt. This Is the max
ing OF q perfect lens OF more than
three feet across the face. No one
but the American manufacturer ever
thought of exceeding the twenty -six
inch lenses which are in use at several
observatories on both continents, one
at the Naval Observatory at WASH
fngton. through which Mr.. Hall dis
covered the long-sought satellites OF
Mars and many double stars. The
highest power was supposed to be
reached when the Lick telescope in
California was put up with q thirty
six inch lens. The difficulties to be
met in the production OF perfectly
clear lens OF great size are so many
thatEuropean observers who have
wanted anything above twenty-six
inch lens have had to take to the
rejecting telescope. which has con-
clave mirror. 1t requires, of course,
a much larger rejecting telescope to
get the same amount of light and the
same magnitude OF objects.
The making Of this Az inch lens is
regarded as tlfs browning work Of Mr..
Alvah Clark's life. 1t is probable no
larger lens will ever be made. Under
existing conditions larger telescope
than the Yerkes-the telescope OF
the Chicago University Observatory.
for which the lens is made-would be
of no great value. To increase the
magnifying power is at the same
time to increase the distractions to
clear vision. When the object is
magnified the atmospheric agitation
is increased to such degree that
distinctness is virtually sacrificed
when the object glass is larger than
Az inches. 1t is doubtful IL the
Yerkes will be any more useful than
the Lick. Some day it may be posi-
BILE to remove the obstacles to clear
ness in the caser of powerful lens,
though the only reason for suggest
ing it is that Professor Tyndall was
able to construct glass by which
the blue Of the atmosphere was dis
sipated in looking through q deep
space.
II the Yerkes glass answers expec-
tations it will enable an experienced
observer to catch occasional glimpses
Of the Mars canals. which, though
drawn so firmly on the Vatican maps.
are vague and wavering. and almost
imaginary through any glass. They
can be seen at all only by the trained
observer. The great telescope will
be most useful in the study Of double
stars, which is now matter OF
special interest to many observ-
erS
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

10, 600 inhabitants. In the German
army. however, the ratio rises to 6.3S
nut OF every 10000. Austria has
only 1.68 suicides ont OF 10. 900 peo-
pie. while In her army she has twice
the suicide death rate OF any other
European country-l2. 58.
The happy inhabitants OF sunny
Italy seldom commit suicide. Less
than one person in every 20. 600 Ital-
ians dies in this manner. The army
OF Italy has .07 deaths by suicide
out of every 10. 600.
Spain and Russia. both In their
armies and In their civil life. have
the smallest number OF deaths from
suicide, 80 1t is not therefore posi-
BILE to explain these figures by any
comparison between the Latin and
Slavonic races.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05
DEATH VALLEY.
Stories Of the Noted Region IN South
ern California.

Mr.. Edward Thompson. of Santa
Barbara, CAL, who is now in this
city, says that one OF the last au-
thentic attempts to cross Death Val
ley was made by party Of prospec-
tors, with a wagon train. in 1854.
The story Of this wagon train and
the horrors of Death Valley has been
told many times and in many ways.
But it is doubtful il anything which
has yet been printed tells half the
story OF the journey. The remains
of this train are yet to be seen in
Musquite Valley, one OF the canons
of Death Valley. The last Of the
party persisted here while trying to
make Towns Pass and Tule Canon
with his burden Of dead bodies, the
remains Of his companions who had
persisted one by one during the Jour-
ney across the desert. Mr.. Thompson
and the party accompanied by him
found the wagon beds, tires and other
remains of the trains.
A party OF Mormons tried to cross
the valley year or so before that.
Only one OF the party lived to tell
the tale. He escaped most miracu-
ously. He managed to save his gun,
but found on reaching land where
he could sit down ard breathe that
the sight had been lost. He looked
around for something out Of which
to make another sight, and noticed
that the rock on which he was sit
ting was filled with soft, metal like
substance. He carved out bit OF
this and made gun sight with it.
He then made his way to Los An
geles, shooting game to live upon on
the way. In Los Angeles u man
saw the strange gunsight and asked
whore he got it. He told. why,
you fool" said the man, that sight
is of pure gold. The rock you sat
upon would make you rich for life."
A party was organized and tried to
locate the rock, but they suffered
much and could not find it. The
spot, which was not found, has been
called the Lost Sight Nine" Mr..
thompson has some little hope OF
finding this rock. II he does. he will
be repaid for all his trouble.
1t Is said that an army captain
coming upon Death Valley from the
Arizona side and not recognizing it,
ordered his men to cross. The dis
lance looked to be not more than q
mile. An Indian refused to cross
and said that 1t was the Valley OF
Death. Two scouts were picked out
to lead the way. They did not want
to GO, but were forced by pointed
muskets. They had not gone more
than 800 feet before one OF them fell
dead. The other started back on q
run. When he reached the party
blood was gushing from his mouth
and nostrils. He did not die, but was
maniac for life. These are sill
stories told by Mr.. Thompson in ex-
PLANTATION OF the dangers OF Death
Valley. He expects to return from
the Valley In October. He will then
return to New York and prepare bic
stun for print
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05
Making.Glass Eyes.

The processes used in manufacture
ing eyes for stuffed animals are far
more simple than those employed in
the manufacture OF artificial hui
man eyes. The skilled workman is
provided merely with glass stuff Of
different colors and blowpipe such
as is commonly utilized by the glass
blower.
He takes piece of wire q few
inches long, and with his blowpipe
attaches to one end OF it small
lump of black glass, revolving the
extremity Of the wire in the flame Of
the blowpipe until the bit of black
glass has assumed the form OF q
round button. This is the pupil Of
the eye that Is to be.
Having permitted 1t to cool. the
workman next takes some transparent
and colorless glass, like window glass,
and manipulates it by means Of the
blowpipe, in the flame Of which he
causes the button to revolve. Thus
is formed about the little black but
ton a larger button OF clear glass,
which is destined to represent the iris
or colored part of the eye surround
ing the pupil.
But, AS has been said, this glass is
colorless. The color-yellow. brown,
or Of whatever tint-is applied at
terward with q mineral pigment.
This paint is put on the back OF
button, which produces the effect
desired when the eye is looked ut
from the front.
Naturally, some notifications of
this method are required for indicat-
ing the eyes OF other animals. For
instance. the pupil OF the tigers eye
is not round, but elongated, like any
other cats. Accordingly, the black
button must be made of correspond
ing shape.
The eye ola living tiger is one OF
the most beautiful in the world. It's
iris Is yellow, with such wavy mark
ings as may be discovered in the col
ored part OF a human beings eye.
These markings are initiated with
much ingenuity by the workman
who applies the paint.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

for 80 out OF every hundred OF hes
inhabitants live In towns. BeIgium's
percentage is 84.5 and Frances but
~. It's in Sweden and Russia that
the rural population Is the largest In
proportion, In each of these coun-
tries 81 persons out of every huns
dred live outside OF the towns. Nor
way. Greece, Switzerland and Ger
many, In the order named, have the
next largest percentages OF urban
jewellers. Every schoolboy knows
that one Of the signs which foretold
the crumbling and downfall of the
Roman Empire was the gathering Of
the country people in the towns. At
Rome there were 100, 600 poor who
lived on aims. The fields were de-
serted, and agriculture fell into such
deplorable state that In 1913 A. ID.
the exemption from taxes for ten
years was decreed for every person
who should till the uncultivated
fields OF the empire.
COMMANDER McGIFFEN, of the
late lamented Chinese war feet, gives
in the Century the best account yet
published of the battle OF the Yalu.
From the account and from the COM
ment the reasons for the Japanese
victory are apparent. The two fleets
were OF about the same tonnage,
rather over 35, 600 In each case, but
the Chinese had two big armored
warships, while the Japs had mono at
all. The Chinese had also many
more heavy guns. On the other
hand, the Japanese excelled in rapid
fire guns, and with them made 1t so
hot for the Chinese gunners that
they couldn't do as much damage
with their big guns as in theory they
ought against unarmored or light
armored vessels. The Japanese feet
had also the advantage in speed,
which was a great benefit. After all
is said. one comes back to tho per-
sonality of the fighters. Two Of the
Chinese ships ran away. and, al
though the others fought bravely,
their strategy was inferior to the
Japanese, and their formation was
broken up. The supplies and am
munition furnished to the Chinese
fleet were inferior. owing to the
knavery OF thievish contractors.
Nor was the defeat. at the worst,
conclusive. From all these circum-
stances the New York Recorder is
tempted to wonder what would have
been the result of the battle IL the
opposing forces had swopped fleets
month before it began.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05
A JINGLE OF JoY:

Amt this life we're livin' blestr
Honey In your mouth!
Green corn in the winsome west.
Melons In the south!
Oh. believers,
Hear the bugle's call,
Green corn in the summer time
Punkins In the fall
Amt this life we're livin' jest
Brimmin' full o. joyss
Riddles goin' south an west,
Swing your sweethearts, boyss
Oh, believers,
Hear the bugle's call,
Melons in the summertime,
Punkins in the fall.
#. L. Stanton.in Chicago Times Hera
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

Soorerary Morton Talks About the
Work Of His Department.
The compilation by Professor Pam
ton, Of the Ontario Agricultural Col
lege. OF the figures concerning the
annual loss from the work Of destruc-
tive insects was discussed by Secre-
tary Morton, of the Agricultural De-
partment. He said:
These figures are mostly drawn
from American sources and mainly
from publications of the United
States Department of Agriculture,
and they serve a good purpose in d.
recting attention to the necessity
for active work on the part Of eco
nomic entomology. but In one way
they are somewhat misleading. The
losses to individual farmers, and oc-
casionally to the agricultural popu-
lation OF a more or less restricted
portion Of the country, are frequent
ly very great, summed up in dollars
and cents, yet the actual money loss
to the agriculturists OF the country
at large is by no means expressed by
these same figures, for the simple
reason that the loss OF portion OF
the crop means an increased price
for the remainder. We may express
the loss from insects in terms of
bushels OF produce, but in turning it
into money value this factor of in
creased price must not be over
looked.
The expenditure OF So an acre.
following the latest methods ascer-
tanned by the entomologists. will
keep the orchard healthy. The
work OF the division of entomology
during the last few months on the
cotton boil weevil in Southern Texas
will result next year in the saving OF
many thousands of dollars to cotton
planters In that section, il the recon-
mendations are followed.
These instances are new and are
simply examples of saving work
which lie going on from year to year.
1t is probable that in the aggregate
they result in the saving of even
greater sums than do the much rarer
but more striking instances, such as
the introduction by the Department
OF the Australian lady bird into Cali
fornia, by which the entire citrus in
dustry of that State was saved from
destruction.
Not small item in the total value
to be accredited to the chronological
work of the Department is the ex-
posture of fake" remedies. Only
the present season the entomologist
has shown that tree inoculating
company in the New England States.
which claimed to be able to inocu-
late trees against the ravages of leaf
feeding insects, had been basing its
claims upon the disguised applica-
tion OF method which was proved to
be totally inefiicacious fifty years
ago.
incidentally, and, although not
pertaining strictly to agricultural in
terests, l might mention that the
application Of a remedy against mos
quitoes. first practically used by our
Mr.. Howard and recommended in
his publication during the past year
or two, has resulted, in two instan-
ces at least, in rendering habitable
large sections near Long Island
Sound, and in so greatly increasing
the value Of real estate that the own
ers have made large sums Of money
as direct result.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

His mother SPELLED out to MIN !;
''G-e-t t-h-e arx q-u-i-c-k. then
added: roo to bed. child"
The boy had presence OF mind to
20 around. O. there were many locked
doors In the way through the house !.
The Chinese. afraid OF some out
side assistance, began to beg.
me catchee money--me no kill.
You glib key--me no kill. You no
Glib. me alice same killee you, killee
Allie. too. You Glib key"
Mrs. Livingstone said nothing. and
In an Incredibly short time for him.
Allen came In. painting and dragging
the cleaning Ak.
Tho fiend saw 1t and became like .
madman. He shrieked and bit 1T
the strong white wrists that held
him like q wise. He foamed at the
mouth In his At OF rage and fear.
ALLEN" she said get the trunk
rope In the closet-be quick"
Aftfr an almost hopeless struggle
and a'little weak help from her son,
she managed to tie one hand, then
both together, and had Allen make
the other end fast to the bedstead.
The rope was old, and II it gave
way they were lost, for It was the
only thing of the kind available.
Her knees were still on his chest.
I" Allen" she commanded, Ego
from this room and shut your door
tight after YOU"
He was almost stupefed, but
obeyed blindly. In another instant
he heard an awful blow and short
shutting round, then long moment
OF silence, but he dared not goin
again.
Presently his mother appeared
holding her wounded hand. She
looked to him in the dim light like
an old woman. Her face was ashen
and drawn, and her dark hair had
turned almost snow white. He looked
at her mutely.
My dear" she said, slowly.
God knows it was the only way.
He gave me the power to save US, or
you and /. Allen, would this moment
have been in the traitors place."
She gave an involuntary shudder,
but turned and locked the door on
the CHASTITY scene.
Taking some antiseptic solution
she bathed her hand thoroughly and
bound it with some of Aliens hand
kerchiefs. She then slipped small
glass of whisky and water and lay
down beside her son. So the long
night wore away.
There have been few changes in
Seco Valley. The lima beans grow
on the broad. sunny lowlands, are
harvested and grow again. The can
on brook still sings it's love song to
the poisoning hillsides. The owls
and hooking birds. the squirrels and
the lizards, live as before, but the
vines run rampant over the broad
plazzas of the ranch house in Seco
Canon. Only a few complaining
doves have their home in the low
garrett.
When Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Living
stone returned to live in New York
their friends welcomed them with
open arms. 1t was limited that, not
being to the manor born. Mr.. Living
stone had not covered himself with
glory or lined his purse with gold in
his ranching scheme but it was the
change in Mrs Livingstone that 'ex-
cited the most comment. The snowy
hair, the restless, hunted expression
and absent manner spoke of some
stupendous change from her old self.
To only one trusted friend did she
confide the mystery Of her life. Every
night at II O'Clock there appeared to
her two fierce, hard eyes, which
would not turn till she was nearly
beside herself with horror.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

No one can tell where the dia-
mond goes to in combustion. Burn
1t, and It leaves no ash; the flame is
exterior, like that OF cork. and
when 1t has blaxed itself out. there
remains not even 90 much as would
dust the antenne Of . butterfly.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

Vinegar Is mentioned In the Egyp-
tian records - q medicine In the
tenth century. B. G.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

Germany leads tho suicide list OF
Europe with 2.7l year out Of each
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-09-05

believe her to be an angel in human
form. They worship her as such,
and the "church" is based upon
their faith in her. The girl is ap-
parently single-minded and sincere.
From her frances she awakens with
messages for the faithful, messages
claiming sometimes to be from the
Deity himself. guiding them as He
guided the patriarchs Of old. Also,
she brings word from the blessed dead
in Heaven according to the belief
Of her followers-and from lost souls
in Hades. Her communications are
listened to by these primitive people
with all the reverence due to anoint-
ed sainthood. The new church" OF
the mountains has now member
ship OF about one hrndred-a centu-
rian band Of mountaineer neighbors,
firm and ardent In their remarkable
faith. They propose from now on
to ''proselyto" for their church, and
to spread their belief throughout the
world.
THE flocking OF the rural popula-
ton to the cities, its results and
how to counteract them are problems
that yearly become more serious,
In the United States there has been
steady growth in the urban popu-
lation during the last hundred years.
In 1890 the percentage OF the total
population which lived in cities was
8.85. In 1890 It half Increased to
29.12. 1t has grown more than z per
cent. In the last decade. England's
percentage OF urban population is
the highest in Europe-48 per cent.
Thrifty Holland 10 next in the list,
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1895-10-31
Bids Wanted.

Notices hereby given that sealed
bids will be received at the Office of
county auditor OF Hand county, $.
y. up till NOy. s, 1895, at , O'Clock
+. m. for the furnishing oftwenty five
tons OF Hard coal to be delivered at
the county coal house. The right
reserved to reject any and all bids,
by order OF county commissioners.
Dated Oct. II. 1895.
CHARLES TAoMsON,
43t3 County Auditor.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1895-10-31

Notice is hereby given that on the
first Tuesday after the first Monday
in November next, being the 9TH day
OF Nov, A. D. 1895, in the several
voting precincts within the following
commissioner districts in the county
OF Hand and state of South Dakota,
an election will be held, to-"lt:
In commissioners district Number
three.-For one County Commission
er from said District.
In Commissioners District Number
four.-For one County Commissioners
from said District.
Which election will be opened at
eight o'clock in the morning and
continue open till five O'Clock IN the
afternoon OF the same day.
Dated this 3rd day OF October
4. ID. 1895.
(sEAL.) CHARLES THOMSON.
County Auditor.