The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-12-17
UnfairnesS of White Men the
Usual Incentive to Deeds
Of Violence.
APACHE TILLERs OF THE SOIL.
The Fierce Aborigine When Seen a
His Best-Energetic in War or
in Peace.
Especial Correspondence of THE CALI

FHGNIX, ARR, Dec. 15.-Arizona is
again discussing the Indian question.
Like the poor, the Indians we have always,
but at times, when the manner of their
disposition seems to have been laid away
to rest forever, something occurs-some-
body is ambushed, shot and scalped
on some lonely mountain, trail-and the
issue that seemed dead and buried arises
in its might and sweeps like prairie flame
through the peaceful wales and rugged
Crags of Arizona. Just now the papers are
ocvotiDg large amount of space 10 the
Ash Spring horror, and consequently to
this question of questions. Well may it
be discussed pro .and con, for some day it
must be settled. The rights of the Indians
and the rights of the white man must be
clearly defined and segregated. The final
lawanust be laid down, for within her bor-
ders Arizona harbors vast army of these
aborigines.
AND when it is settled the West must
settle it. 1t is Western question purely,
but appeals to the people of Arizona more
particularly than to any other State or
Territory, FOR with the exception of Okla
homa and the Indian Territory, Arizona
has more Indians within her border than
any other section where this question is an
issue. How true this is may be seen from
the figures as ascertained by the last CEN
sus. To the United States this census
gives total of thirty-two distinct aborigi-
nal families, composed of 20S tribes and
embracing the grand total of 325, 46i inGi-
viduals. With the exceptions of 5S,S06
citizens or enfranchised Indians. the larger
proportion of which are Cherokees, these
are kept on sixty-eight reservations, only
ten of which are in States east Of the Mis-
sissippi. The government of these neces-
states the employment of no Indian po-
lice. to say nothing OF Indian agents, the
Indian Bureau and its clerical force, or of
the large contingent of the United States
army kept in the West for the sole pur-
pose of holding these reds skinned wards of
the Government in subsection.
OF these wards Arizona has $1,000.
which number more than equals half of
her white and Mexican population. OF
these, 1904 are the peaceful Navajos and
24024 the bloodthirsty and warlike
Apaches, but the disposition of the re-
manning 5000 is as yet undetermined. All
are under the government of four Indian
agents and quartered on nine reservations,
D2N4US oil dSSIcSdto VI LIMO STUART
miles, or 11,173.431 acres. OF the entire
number, however, there are 1912 self
supporting Indians scattered over the Ter
ritory Pima County having 904, Yavapai
420, Pinal 138 and other counties 10. To
this must be added a large number at
present living in Maricopa County. They
have removed to this county since the
last census, and their number cannot be
ascertained. With the exception of these
Indians living IN Maricopa County the
others are more or less affected by an adj
mixture of Spanish-American blood, they
having very largely adopted the methods
and modes of living prevalent in the
southern republic.
OF the agencies, the Navajo located in
the northeastern portion of the Territory,
is the most important, controlling total
area of 1881 square miles, or 8,205,44
acres, and governing total population of
17,204 Indians. A part Of the reservation