The Washington times., 1895-06-19

The working drawings and subsequent card
board construction continues through this
grade, and the sixth, seventh and eighth.
In the sixth more difficult objects are rep
resented including simple forms from archi-
lecture or machinery. The work in view
drawing is made broader by the introduc-
ton OF out door sketching, in which some
of the pupils show unusual ability. II is
also customary in this year for the pupils
TO draw to scale the floor plans OF their
school buildings. The clay work by incis-
ion continues in this year and later, so it is
easy to see that similar carving of wood
successfully, would depend upon the getting
acquainted with a new material only
Modelling in relief continues the hand
work through the grammar grades, and
shows in these last years Il remarkable mas
terry by hand and eye over material. The
cutting in relief furnishes more tool work,
and helps TO prepare the pupil for the new
experiences he is soon to have at the joiner's
bench.
The drawing of the seventh and eighth
grades embraces both view drawings and
working drawings. In the latter the models
forming the exercises in joinery of these
two years displace the geometrical forms
of the earlier years. These drawings are
the first TO be put to practical use for the
boy takes his completed drawing TO the
I l.
This plan of making the shop drawings
part ri the regular drawing work of the
schools is very beneficial in its effects.
| The boy goes to his bench familiar with the
| object he is TO construct, and equally so
! with the drawing. He learns that the
| figures upon the drawing are of chief i'm
portauce, and as the lines are often inaccu-
| rate he is obliged to rely upon the given
| dimensions This plan also gives the
| work in drawing a life and meaning in the
| boys mind which it did not have before
| when no use was made of his finished sheets.
1t also helps to dignity and help the shop
work in the opinion of all concerned by
! forming plainly evident bond between the
| school room and the shop
| In the seventh grade then, the severe
| drill with tools begins 1t is a change tomuCh
! moredifiicultC ultConditions -new and awkward
tools, new operations, unfamiliar and stub
born materials all of which puts the pupil
| under considerable strain.
1t is just here that the policy of the
| entire manual work Of 4he schools is tried
! and found adequatel For six years the
child has been acquiring trained sense of
| touch, trained muscles and discriminating
eye by long series of manpulationS with
| the ma ked fingers upon a variety of materials,
and through slow, progressive practice in
| tool using Self-commard in the face
of new duties j s the result of all this eX-
is not at loss, not without definite
| guide Hence the connection between this
work and that which has preceded it is
soon established, and he is soon feeling
quite delicately through the various tools
be uses, while all his trained senses and
muscles respond TO the added demand upon
them His habits of thought and eXecu-
tion are brought again into exercise About
this part of the work it may he well to
speak somewhat more in detail, as its
nature seems TO require.
The seventh and eighth grade shops,
sixteen in number, are SO located in the
school buildings or in separate buildings
as to be of easy access from the schools
they are designed TO accommodate. The
shops are each fed by neighborng school
buildings, from three 10 five i'll number
They contain Twelve to fifteen benches and
tool outfits. or 204 altogether. Six of
the shops are i'll the suburbs, being open one
and two days each week receiving col
lectivrly 175 pupils The remaining ter
! were attended in the past year by 1,629
boys
Like all the manual work of the grades