davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10
WHAT OUR DRUMMBRs CAN Do.

The commercial travellers are now max
ing preparations for their spring cam
paign. These indispensable auxiliaries of
mercantile business have an association
extending throughout the Pacific Coast
from San Diego to Puget Sound All
through that territory they push the in
terests of their respective houses and
bring the wholesalers and jobbers of the
cities into close relations with retailers
throughout the country. The hold of San
Francisco upon the trade of the interior is
largely due TO the energy and enterprise of
her drummers.
For number Of years these active ad-
vertisers OF San Francisco business have
worked under difficulties. They have
found their field invaded by competitors
from Chicago and other Eastern cities, by
virtue OF a transportation system which
discriminates against the distributing
trade Of this city. Even since the efforts
OF the Traffic Association revived traffic by
the ocean route and cheapened isthmus
transportation high local freights have
robbed our merchants and their travelling
representatives OF half their opportunities
Now there is about to be change. It
viii not become operative to any great
extent this season, but next year it will be
an important factor in business. Then
the San Francisco drummer who starts up
the San Joaquin Valley will be able to
make figures based on lower freight bills
than have ever before prevailed. His
Chicago competitor will no longer have
pull on him in that respect. The ocean
route and the cheap tolls of the valley
road for two or thraa bI,r1raA
will constitute formidable competition
against 1000 miles OF railroading from Chi
cago.
Undoubtedly our commercial travellers
will appreciate the benefit TO their business
OF this change. They are bright and GO
ahead men, who know a good thing when
they see it in present or prospect. Every
one OF them will become missionary in
behalf OF the new enterprise throughout
the San Joaquin Valley-nor there alone.
The drummer who strikes northward for
the towns of the Sacramento Valley will
say to his customers, "How long are you
going to let the San Joaquin people have
such an advantage over your" And the
northern merchant will echo to himself,
How long?" and the more he asks him
self that question the more eager he will
be to cooperate with San Francisco in
doing for his own section what has been
done for the San Joaquin.
1t will also be the good fortune of our
commercial travellers that when they thus
put in word for our new railroad develop
ment they are speaking for themselves,
their principals, their customers and the
general public. If they will be as eloquent
and energetic in talking up improved and
| cheapened transportation as in pushing
their own proper business, they will exert
great influence throughout the State in
behalf of our commercial progress.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

and disappear. Moreover, dark regions
and excessively bright regions WITHIN the
ca,1e are common facts OF observation. IL
is Certain that the melting OF the caps IS
affected by the local cOndluohs EXISTING
there. and it is very important 10 Know
whether the conditions at any Even Po tho
are such as to retard or TO accelerate Ine
The phenomena just described are Illus
+rated in figure L. In the drawing made
July 10. 1892, an excessively 0rlghIt SPOT
Enclosed in a dotted line and marked WITH
the letter X is shown at the edge 81 LIE
white cap The spot lies mostly WITHIN
the cap. but projecting slightly below the
edge. 1t was much more brilliant than
+he adjacent portions of the cap. When
the same portion OF the cap was observed
i'm 1894. July 10, the southern summer was
more advanced than it was when the 1872,
JnIy 10. drawing was made. The length
Of ihe Marian year is 687 OF our days, or
fortv-three days less than two OF our
years. Consequently the cap was smaller
ON 1894. July 10, than on the 1892 date, but
as the cap decreased in size the bright spot
\ was left behind. The drawing OF July
~ shows X lust detached from the main
bodI- bv a fine dark line a month later,
or August 10, the main body OF the cap
had receded still further; the white spot X
still remained. but had decreased IN size.
Two months later, on October II, the spot
X had disappeared, the main body naa pc
come exceedingly small, and little later
that disappeared also.
Aside from the caps, we may say the sur
face of Mars is made up of fairly bright and
fairly dark regions, the contrasts between
light and dark being about as strong as we
see them on our moon. Now, the theory
held bv most astronomers is that the
brighter regions are land and the darker
regions are water. There are some astron-
omers who hold exactly the opposite opln-
ion. viz: that the brighter regions are
water and the darker regions land. There
are strong arguments for both theories and
against both theories The question OF
land and water is still open, though that
is about the first question we would like to
have definitely settled.
Do the phenomena which accompany
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

the melting OF the polar caps have bear
ing upon that question? They do, pro-
vided we can get satisfactory answers to
the following questions:
First, do the excessively bright regions
within the caps-the bright portions which
project out beyond the edges OF the caps
and the isolated white spots just outside
the edges, which are left behind as the
caps grow smaller-do these lie at the
same places year after year?
Second. are these bright regions located
on the dark or fight fixed areas on the
planet?
We have carefully examined the most
important recent drawings of the south
polar cap with reference to answering
those questions. At the 1892 opposition OF
Mars the Lick observers noted Jour con-
spicuous bright areas at the edge OF the
cap, at which the melting OF the white
material vas manifestly retarded. AT the
opposition of 1894, just passed, we OBJ
served three similar areas which occupied
ldenticalIy the same positions as three OF
the four areas observed in 1892. The
fourth one was not observed in 1894, for
the reason that when observations were be-
gun the cap had already retreated much
closer to the pole than the 1892 spot was.
The regions on which the melting was
most retarded in 1894 agree exactly in posi-
ton with those observed in 1892, and I
have no doubt that the same regions will
similarly retard the melting when the
planet is again observed in 1895. The posi-
tons of the four regions observed in 1892
the first, second and fourth OF which were
in 1694-are indicated by the fol-
lowing lOngitudeS and ATTITUDES:
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10
THE PROPER COURSE.

A Republican nominee for Councilman
in Oakland, having withdrawn in favor of
a non-partisan candidate in his ward, the
Republican Central Committee has
promptly solved the problem of the situa-
ton by nominating Republican who had
received the Endorsement of the Democratic
party. This was proper. The Republicans
of the city generally should support the
action of the committee, and those of that
particular ward should confirm il by vot-
ing solidly for the gentleman thus in
dorsed.
Parties exist because there is reason for
their existence. They are not haphazard
aggregations of men, but vital organisms
embodying profound political principles
and charged with the duty OF supporting
and carrying out great political measures.
Men ally themselves with a great party
because they believe in the principles the
party represents and are advocates of the
measures which it supports. In this way
party politics has the dignity of a philos-
ophy of government and system OF state
craft. 1t is not mere matter of spoils
and office seeking, but an earnest endeavor
on the part of large proportion of the
people TO achieve by discipline and organi-
cation power which they can use for the
advancement OF the welfare and an in
crease of the grandeur of the republic.
The non-partisan represents no principle
and stands for no measure. He has no
animating sentiment with which his
fellow-man can sympathize. He is either
a mere negative factor in the community,
opposed TO everything that any one else
undertakes, or else he is one whose political
instincts begin with desire for office and
whose political thoughts end in devising
means to obtain it. In either case he is
only a marplot, without a conception of
the true objects of politics and incapable
of understanding the methods by which
alone representative governments can be
carried on.
If the non-partisan is true to his narrow
creed, he never combines with his neigh
Dor, for such a combination would be the
nucleus of a party. Few Of them, how
ever, are sufficiently logical to compre-
bend their creed or sufficiently faithful to
be true, even if they comprehend it. Most
OF them are willing and eager to make
combinations of any kind and on any
terms, and as a result they soon form for
themselves a senseless aggregation known
by the self-stultifying title of non-parti-
san party. These combinations have
everything that constitutes a party except
political principles. They have candidates
for Office, ward strikers, hangers on and all
the machinery of politics, but none OF its
craftsmanship. They represent therefore,
the degradation of politics; the desire for
spoils and the eagerness for office without
an ambition for anything higher The
Republican committee in Oakland has
done well in cutting loose from any such
gang, and among an intelligent people We
may sanguinely expect an Endorsement of
their course at the polls.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10
PERSONAL.

S. S. Little, the Dixon banker, is at the Russ
E. s. Churchill, a banker OF Napa, is at the
Palace.
Ex-sherif E. W. Kay OF yisalia is at the
Grand.
G. W. Stroll, rancher OF Naps, is a guest at
the Russ.
W. B. Rankin of selby was at the Occidental
last night.
DR.. J. F. Lewis of Los Angeles is at the Palace
with his wife.
r. C. Sargent, a big ranch-owner OF stockton,
is al the Russ.
Judge ]. NJ. Fulweiler of Auburn was at the
Lick last night.
Asa s. Windle, the bicyclist, of Boston, is reg
istered ct the Lick.
R. C. McCreary. miller of Sacramento, is a
guest at the Grand.
James A. Rigby, a raneher of vacaville, is
registered at the Russ.
S. ]. Strauss, a merchant of Santa Cruz, is a
guest at the California
Byron Waters OF San Bernardino is st the oe-
cidental with his family.
ID. B. Hinckley, a foundryman of Fruitvale
is registered at the Palace.
D. L. Stuart and wife of San Jose were regis
tered at the Occidental yesterday.
Edwin A. Suffer, an extensive tobacco manu-
faeturer OF Chicago, is registered at the Cali
fornia
Judge S. F. Cleary of New York, who recently
sold the Iron Mountain mine. is guest at the
Palace.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10
SPIRIT OF THE PRESS.

1t undoubtedly is true that the Government
was held up by the great foreign bankers in
the late bond sale as poor widow is held up
by pawnbroker when she is obliged TO raise
money on her furniture. But it is irrational to
rail at the banker. 1t is the trade of the money
lender to bleed persons in need, whether he
does business in great international bank or
q petty pawnshop. They who fall into hands
of money-lenders should blame only their own
mprudenee.-Portland Oregonian.
The libel bill now before the California Legis-
lature provides that newspaper may publish,
without liability for libel, report of a COM
plant sworn TO before d proper official The
justice OF such a law seems too obvious for
serious opposition. When an action is begun
in the courts the allegations submitted under
oath become public property, for the proceed
ings OF courts are open to the public and it is
right that they should be so-Albuquerque
Citizen.
The turning OF the first sod of the San Fran
cisco and San Joaquin Valley Railroad has not
yet been made, but an advertisement for bids
for supplying 10000 tons of steel rails, which
has been directed by the board of directors TO
be published, sounds like business. 1t would
indicate also that it is not intended to lose any
time either in the matter OF construction, once
the route is selected, ii such has not already
been chosen.-Oakland Tribune.
The West Virginia House of Delegates has
passed a law forever DISTINGUISHING any man
having been convicted of selling his vote or of
asking money for it. California is experiencing
change OF heart which may in time make it
possible 70 secure such legislation here. There
are evidences enough Of the need of it.-San
Diego Union.
Frequent discoveries of new and rich deposits
OF gold are reported from various parts of Cali
fornia. These, with other suspicious signs OF
the times, afford evidence that California is at
the threshold Of new era OF prosperity and de-
velopment.-Los Angeles Times.
San Jose is acting with sound discretion in
advocating its own claims for the valley road
or a branch thereof without attacking any
other locality. Attacks naturally provoke
retaliation, and thus much valuable energy is
wasted.-Stockton independent.
No wonder the Goulds were anxious to marry
a count. With old Gould it was count count,
count ali his life. as it generally is with the
misery rich, some of whom have to take plebe-
ians for sons-in-law.-Santa Cruz Sentinel.
Would it be impertinent to inquire how
Count Castellane is to be paid for? On the in
stallment plan, or is one payment TO suffice p
Arizona Republican.
The man who sells his vote has no right to
object TO the manner in which officials perform
the duties of their various offces.-Gonzales
Tribune.
The Rothschilds and Morgans wonld warmly
support Cleveland for another term.-Phpnix
Gazette.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

creased about two millions over that of the
previous year. Three leading mines show
ing the largest output are properties that
were abandoned some years ago. The
quartz-mining industry has improved and
number of hydraulic mines have be-
gun producing under the new law.
Altogether the prospects for the coming
year are favorable. The outlook for crops
was never better at this time of the year;
the building of the valley road will stimu-
late business in many ways; confidence is
reviving and there is general disposition
to put the best foot foremost which is sure
to tell in the record of the new year.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

on that planet. They have an important
bearing upon the question OF Marian tenn
peratures, upon the question of Marian
atmosphere; in fact upon all the questions
relating to the Availability Of that interest
ing planet.
The caps are likewise the easiest features
to observe. They were discovered more
than two centuries ago with the imperfect
telescopes OF that day. We have drawing
made at Paris in 17O4, by Maraldi, which
shows very plainly the white spots sur
rounding the north and south poles of
Mars. Maraldi further called attention to
the fact that they had been observed many
times in the fifty years preceding 1904.
Their snowy-white color and their location
in the arctic and antarctic regions soon led
astronomers TO suspect that they were anal
ogous to the snow and ice caps which con-
stantly cover the polar regions of the earth.
However, it was not until the years 17S1-S3
that the analogy was firmly established.
AT that time, more than a century ago,
Sir William Herschel observed that the
caps diminished in size as the Marian
summer came on, and increased in size
with the advent OF the Marian winter.
In other words, he proved that they Waxed
and waned with the seasons, just as the
earths polar SHOWS do. He found in June
1871, that the south polar cap covered all
the region lying between the pole and 60
deg. south latitude: whereas, in the follow
ing October the cap had melted away until
it extended only from the pole to latitude
So deg. Herschers important discovery of
the waxing and waning OF the caps was
quickly verified by other astronomers; and
such is the ease with which the caps may
be seen that any person possessing good
3-inch telescope can observe these impress
sive phenomena taking place. This wax
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10
TN THE POLAR
REGIONS OF MARS.
RESULTS OF RECENT OBSERVA-
TONS AT THE LICK OBSERV-
ATORY.
WORK OF PROF. CAMPBELL.
THE PLANET May HAVE AN ATMOS
PHERE THOUGH MUCH LIGHTER
THAN OUR OWN.

[The three concluding paragraphs OF Pro-
fessor Campbells interesting and valuable ar
ticle naturally recall brief contribution on
the same subject by Professor Edwards. Holden
TO the March number OF the Cosmopolitan
Magazine 1t viii be noted on reading the
following quotation from Professor holden
that his deductions from the Mount Hamilton
observations do not exactly agree with the
conclusions reached by Professor Campbell,
who did the work. Professor Holden wrote;
"The present opposition OF Mars has been
very favorable one, and important observations
have been made at Mount Hamilton. In the
first place, Professor Campbell has shown that
the spectra of Mars and the moon are identical
in every respect His spectroseoplc obserVa-
tons exhibit no evidence of aqueous vapor on
Mars any more than on the moon, and prove
that if Mars has an atmosphere at all it is very
sight."l
:. L.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

The Boston Herald exultingly claims
that the Bostonians are growing warmer
and more enthusiastic in their manners,
and as proof of it cites the fact that few
years ago audiences, however pleased,
would content themselves with hand
clapping and stamping of feet but now the
noise has flown to their threats, and cries
and shouts are common with the women
as well as with the men. Being Bostonian
this, of course, will be accounted as a de-
velopment of culture, but if San Fran
cisco audience should cheer at a theater it
would be called wild and woolly and we
should hear lectures on the manners of
Jay towns
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10
PEOPLE TALKED ABOUT.

Prince Duleep Thigh, whose American visit
was not so long ago as to be forgotten, is q con.
spicuous figure in social circles in Paris this
winter, especially at the fashionable gather
ings of the American colony.
The Empress of Austria has not had nor
trait taken for thirty years. She wants to be
remembered as the brilliant beauty who was
almost six feet tall, whose hair came below her
knees and whose waist measured seventeen
inches.
The late General "A. J. Pleasanton of Phila-
delphia left one OF the largest private libraries
In that city, numbering about 10 900 volumes
General PleaSanton was widely known as a
lover OF books and had many rare editions.
Among his books were fine collections relating
TO Napoleon and Shakespeare.
Frank Constantine Victorato, who died at
Salem, Mass. the other day, was a genuine
Greek patriot, and took part in the famous
night attack upon superior Turkish force
made by Marco Bozzaris August 20, 1928. Vic
torato was about 80 years of age.
Mr. Disraeh was the last novelist who re-
ceived $50, 600 for single work, and that
proved so disastrous TO the publishers that the
author offered to return part of the money.
Jerry Simpson is to take the lecture platform
now that Congress has come to end. He
will expound the doctrines of populism in the
West as far as San Francisco, and later on in
this State, which he thinks is capable of con-
version to silver and other things.
Father Kneipp, the barefoot cure advocate,
has been visitor to Paris recently and the re-
cipient of many courtesies. He is now MEM
Der of the Pope's official household.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

Do these four regions lie on bright or
dark portions OF the planets surface? Let
Us compare them with a map of Mars In
Figure we have reproduced Schiaparelli's
map of the regions about the south pole,
which IS lncOmparably the best map that
we possess. The pure white near the pole
is the small remnant of the polar cap near
the close of the Marian summer 1t will
be seen, by the way, that 1t does not cover
the pole, but is about six degrees to one
SIDE OF 1t. The four fairly bright regions,
supposed by some to be land and by Others
TO be water, are included between the
following limits OF longitude and latitude:
1-Longitudes 4So TO 7Os, latitudes 64s 10 72s :.
2-Longitudes 1400 to 1862, ATTITUDES 55s to IL :
4-Longitudes Sl50 10 $3.50, attitudes SIS. TO 75s :
A comparison of this table and the pre-
cedlng one shows that the bright spots and
projections seen at the edge OF the polar
cap in 1892 and again in 1894 were located
on SchlaparellIs four bright regions. The
obvious conclusion is that on these bright
regions, or at least on parts of them. the
melting OF the polar cap is most retarded.
On the earth we are accustomed to see the
snow hnger longest on high land and in
mountainous regions. Whether the Mar
tan polar caps consist of snow or of some
other chemical compounds which we know
can be precipitated in the form of white
flakes the conclusion to be drawn is that
Schiaparell'S four bright regions, at least
in part, are elevated or mountainous.
Thus, if we can reason from analogy TO the
earth, the brighter areas on Mars are land.
The results of my spectroscopic observa-
tlons OF Mars have often been misunder-
stood and incorrectly stated. l have even
seen the statement that they disprove the
existence of an atmosphere on that planet.
What my observations really proved is
something very different from that; and
take this opportunity TO correct the mis-
understanding. While the spectroscope
did not detect an atmosphere, l said in nv
paper on the subject, The observations
do not prove that Mars has no atmosphere.
but they set superior limit to the erte1t
OF such an atmosphere" and nv final re-
suit was that the atmosphere could not be
more than ''one-fourth as extensive as our
own"
further expressed the belief chat the
polar caps are conclusive evidence of an
atmosphere and aqueous vapor." If the
paper were to be written again. the word
aqueous would be omitted The yapor
may be aqueous, but the observations do
not prove that il is.
II the Marian atmosphere is fourth
as extensive as our own. its density at the
planets surface is only one-terth the
density OF our atmosphere at sea level.
-, W. W. CAMPBELL.
Mount Hamilton, March 7.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

cherished ideals. It is solely for the sake
of loyalty to genuine journalism we have
turned our back on fakes and lotteries, and
in our devotion to that principle we count
it as nothing whether there is any pecuni-
ary profit in it or not
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

Cholly-How would you advise me to dis
guise myself for the masquerade?
"Why don't you make up as a gentleman,
and not be annoyed with mask"
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-03-10

1t is astounding TO learn that the ad-
mirers of James G. Blaine in Maine have
not vet succeeded in raising more than $50
TO erect monument to him, and that they
have now applied to the Legislature for
assistance. Of course, the Legislature
might well appropriate money for a monu-
ment to the greatest statesman the
commonwealth has known, but it ought
not TO give either assistance or recognition
TO such body of pretended admirers as
the one now making mockery of the
work.