davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1895-03-20
DRESS GOODS.

We otter a lot OF GlnghamS,
spring styles, at &c.
The best Dress Ginghams
SC.
Zephyr Ginghams 10 1-2c,
Linen Chambrays, solid col
ors, 10 and u I-2c.
Figured Taffetta Satines SC.
Figured Satines 10 to 2oc.
Solid Black Satines 9 to
II I-2c.
Closing out a lot Of yard
wide Percales 9 to II &c.
Solid colored Lawns 1oc.
Solid colored Organdy 1oc.
Figured Organdy 10 to
II I-2C.
Lovely Crimpaline, all col
ors, II I-2c.
Beautiful Iela-Vela Duck
IL 1-2c., worth zoe.
Albatros 3Oc, worth 4oc.
All colors, wooden Nuns
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1895-03-20
SEVERAL THINGS.
A Batch of Interesting News Items and
Social Gossip from Brentwood.

A Batch of Interesting News Items and
Social Gossip from Brentwood.
Brentwood can't be surpassed in any
thing. Near here are six families thu
have forty-two children, all living on two
and quarter lots of land. These families
are well-to-do. They make their supplies
at home and some to SELL
Mr. Floyd Lawhon, who has been in
| Florida for the past twelve years, return
ed home last Friday. Mr.. Lawhon owned
a valuable orange grove in Florida, but
the recent cold numbered him with
l thousands of others in that state without
groves. He says he is thoroughly con-
WINGED that Georgia is the garden spot
of Amerlca.
The loafers' club is full up with
''captious" members. They parade The
streets and croek "hard times, sho'."
Mr.. Guy Chappell came home last
week after completing his first years
coarse at the Atlanta medical college.
Judge E. &. Hill is recovering from an
attack of the grip. We hope to see the
judge out again in few days.
Brentwood has choir composed of
young ladies which can't be beat in
Georgia for sweet mnsic and sweet girls.
DR.. and Mrs. H. A. Wall gave party to
the young people of Bronwood on last
Friday night. A large crowd attended.
w. L. Simpson came up from Camilla
Saturday and spent Sunday with his
family.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1895-03-20
Lowest Prices and Best Goods is Our Motto.


ovpr SO hes
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
LESSON HAMMER

l. Exercises in striking block OF wood
with hammer TO show wrist, elbow, and
shoulder movements and to learn to strike
''square"
2 Exercises in driving nails of differ
ent sizes, perpendiculaTly, and in drawing
them
3 Exercises in mailing two boards
Seven-eigntns of an inch thick, together
With nails OF different sizes driven
obliquely, and in drawing them
CHISEL AND TRY SQUARE
4 Take board six inches square. mark
out the corners square with try square
and lead pencil; cut them out perpen-
dicularly, with one-inch firmer chisel
D. Take board six inches square. round
the corners with one-inch firmer chisel,
cutting perpendicularly; prove with try
square
LESSON TT-CHISEL To LINE.
l. Take piece twelve inches long, one
and one-half inches wide, seven-eighths
OF an inch thick, and mark with rule and
compass a pointed arch, at one end, and
round arch at The other end. Shape
out with one inch firmer chisel, cutting
with grain from side to center OF arch.
HALVING--
2 Take two pieces three inches long,
one and one-haIf inches wide, seven-eighths
OF an inch thick, and halve them together,
using rule, try square, single guage,
scratch awl, back saw, one inch and a
quarter firmer chisel, and cutting board
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

visiting of good schools practical instruc-
ton must stand in the foreground in train
ing schools. Practice in teaching must ex-
plain aud complete theoretical instruction.
On account of the value which the observa
ton of another's power to teach has for
salf-improvement, each pupil has two days,
weekly, for visitation in the training schools.
They are thus given the opportunity of study
ing the ways and means of five different
teachers teaching the different subjects in
the different grades. In this way they
gather material for their own practice.
After.thes visitations come the trial les
SONS of the pupils themselves. Practice in
any form of activity increases the quality
of the work done in that activity" Various
methods OF instruction are encouraged.
Newly invented apparatus and material for
object lessons are exhibited. Those who at
tend the practice lessons thus learn to know
of these different ways of treating single sub
jects, and have acquired new material which
they can with thought work into their own
practice. The lessons given before them
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

various tools found in.the blacksmith shop.
fereut methods OF Joining the metals are
explained, and experience in lap, jump
butt, split and fagot welding are given;
also brazng in lit many forms.
AT the completion of the course in
wrought iron, our pupil has acquired
good idea OF the manipulation and a fair
amount of skill. He is then introduced
to the more difficult branch of steel
working. One or more lectures are
given in the metallurgy OF steel, dealing
with the simplest processes OF reduction
and comparisons with cast and wrought
iron.
Instructions are also given in moulding
and casting iron and brass and bell metal,
The pupils making their own alloys. The
pupils i'll steam engineering are required
to make repairs on boilers, hard and
soft patch ing, chipping and corking,
and also to solve the mathematical and
physical problems relating to the steam
engine and boiler
When manual training was first intro
duced in the seventh and eighth divisions,
/ was the only teacher, but, as the work
progressed, hr. George Forester was
appointed an assistant, and as the work
increased III Importance, and the number
of pupils grew larger. more teachers
Were appointed, until now we have MesSrs.
George Forester, c. H. Madella, S. w.
Madden, l.. Cornish, teachers in carpentry
at different shops; and Messrs. j. ID.
Baltniore and Samuel Keys in metal work.
JAMES H. HILL Director.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
Winfield S. Montgomery.

Supervising Principal Winfield s. Mont
gomery received his early education in the
common schools of Vermont.
He was fitted for college at Leland and
Gray Seminary, Townshend, VT. While
preparing for college he was compelled TO
work on u farm to earn money to pay for
schooling. Entering Dartmouth College III
1873 without any visible means ofpaying his
way, he was forced to teach school several
winters among the hills of Vermont, and
spent one year teaching i'll the public schools
of the District of Columbia prior to his
graduation.
After graduating in the class of rs, he ae-
cepted q leadership in the county schools
of the District of Columbia, where he re-
manned until the beginning of 1879, when
he was called to occdpy a chair in Alcorn
A and NJ College, Mississippi.
In this position he stayed four years, leaV-
ing then to accept supervisorship in the
public schools OF the District of Columbia
At present he is in charge of the eighth
division, A, embracing eight buildings
eighty-three schools, and nearly 1000 pupils
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

my work, as shown in the exhibit at the end
OF the year, which was pronounced by the
many visitors entirely satisfactory.
Each year since that time we have been
getting orr supplies as weH as the appro-
priation VIII allow. We eudeavor to give
10 each pupil inst ruci ion in mechanical dra W
ing. SO that he may make a design for his
work, before he begins with tools al the
bench. He Is also lecturcd in wood. given
the name Of the different kind of wood used
for building purposes. cabinet work, and that
used for machinery. We also give The
strength and durability Of the wood. telling
the season OF the year it should be cut. and
why, so that a boy may be able in select
Ing material for any work, to tell by the
appearance OF grain. the quality and name.
We try in all the branches that are
taught IN wood and iron to give to a pupil
a thorough knowledge of materials. the
method OF work and working drawings,
so hat when he has finished his course in
school he viii be able to do odd jobs
Some of the pupils who have paid atten-
ton To the instructions given are now
teaching. Two are in the public schools
Of Washington, one at Manassas. one in
LawrncevIlle, Va, and four working at
their trade
Furt hermore, the classes have been
able TO turn over 10 the superintendent.
from year TO year, $50 book cases and
shelves for use in the different school
rooms, besides making stands and trays
for maps, and many other useful articles.
j think that parents should impress upon
children the usefulness OF this branch and
see that the boys take advantage of it,
If they have their eyes and hands trained
for some useful mechanical art they can
earn living wherever thu may go, and
will find that it is not the complexion that
makes man mechanic. but the skill
of he eye and hand. When in possession
of these qualifications all prejudice is
cleared away.
In order to be a successful teacher of
boys il is necessary not only 10 take
an interest in seeing that their lessons
are properly recited, or that manual exer-
cIses are correctly performed but to be
sure also that they understand what they
are doing, and take aninterest in it, Make
them feel that ii js their business now,
ana that their future success in life de-
pends on their doing their work well at
present
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

actual teaching, which includes management
as well as instruction, in the first grade
schools OF the City. The regular teachers
or said schools acting as critic teachers
only.
During this period each school is weekly
visited by the principal and one of the three
assistants. who receive reports from the
critic teacher as 10 the pupils ability to
manage and iDpaTt By virtue of this
independent tpracticeeachpupn-t n-teachergains
independent practice each pupi-teacher
gains a fuller knowledge. clearer insight,
and greater skill IN school methods.
Much independent reading is encouraged,
in order to widen ami deepen the culture
of those who are 10 become tranSmitterS
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
CHILDREN.

Come to me, oh ye children!
For | hear you at your play
And the questions that perpleXed Ire,
Have vanished quite away.
Ye open the eastern windows,
That look towards the sun,
When thoughts are singing walloWR
And the brooks of morning run.
In your hearts are the birds and the sunshine
In your hearts the broOkletS flow,
But in mine is the wind of Autumn
And the first fall of the snow.
Obi what would the world be TO us
If the children were no more?
We should dread the desert behind us
Worse than the dark before.
What the leaves are to the forest,
With light and air for feed
Ere their sweet and tender juices
Have been hardened into wood.
That to the world are children;
Through them it feels the glow
OF a brighter and SUMMER climate
Than reach the trunks below.
Come to me, oh We children!
And whisper in my ear
What the birds and winds are singing
In your sunny atmosphere
For what are our coutrivings
And the wisdom of our books
Compared to your caresSes
And the gladneSS of your iooks'
Ye are better than all the poem.
That were ever sung or SAID:
| For ye are tie living poems
And all the rest are dead!
-Longfellow
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
a SONG.

Scatter in spring-time a handful OF seeds,
And gather in summer lapful of FLOWERS:
This is the song of the bird in the bowers,
This is the song OF the wind in the reeds.
Down by the roadside and over the meads,
Under thesunshine and undert the showers,
Scatter in spring-time handful of seeds,
And gather i'll summer lapful OF fflOwers.
Scatter in childhood kind words and deeds,
Scatter them everywhere through all
the hours;
Whether sky brightens or whether cloud
lowers,
Their blossomss shalIcomet to thee eresummer
speeds.
Scatter in spring time a handful of seeds,
And gather in summer lapful OF flowers.
Exchange
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

sition in 1888. Miss Moten instituted in
North and South Carolina and Virginia
during the summer months She has
Travelled extensively in the United states
and Europe, is, and always has been, a
student, and is at present taking course
in medicine. She was vice president of the
training department, Worlds Congress OF
Education, held in Chicago during the
Worlds Fair.
Miss Moten has been invited TO read
paper on normal training at the
convention to be held in Lon
don during the present summer; also
one at the Edu cational Con
gress at the Atlanta Exposition. She IS
actively engaged in the charitable work
of the Dist rict of C Columbia, and is
thoroughly interested in all that pertains
TO the upbuilding of humanity She is an
active member of the Fifteenth Street
Presbyterian Church.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

taking and has made steady progress in
his work, gaining the respect and confidence
of all
Mr.. Hill is very prominent in church and
secret societies. In the Masonic fraternity
he is past master of Eureka Lodge, No. 3,
F. A A. NJ, p d. g. Il. T of Royal Arch
Masons, past grand prelate of Knight Tenn
plars, and in the A. A. S. R he is the
present grand prior of the united supreme
council for the Southern jurisdiction. He
is also a member of the Imperial Grand
Council of A. A. o. q. NJ. s. for United
States of America, and the present grand
potentate of Mecca Temple OF Washington.
He has been mason for thirty years.
d. s SEVILLE.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
Manual Training
in C0l0r6d Schools.
HON 1T HAS GROWN From VERY
SMALL BEGINNINGS.
Methods Adopted and the
Work as Carried Out in a
Course of Lessons.

"Ihere is always work, and tools TO work
Withal, Tor those who viii L"-JaBes Russell
LOUeG
INSTRUCTION. in manual training in the
schools of the Seventh and Eighth Dt-
visions was begun in 1857, in the base
ment Of the Banneker school building on
Third street, between K and / streets. At
that time there We're no tools OF material
at hand. l furnished my own tools and
bought from my own friends such material
as was needed for the construction of a
work bench and for supplying the needs of
three classes OF five boys each
Having 4 little trouble in obtaining the
Miller building on account of prejudice. the
work continued at the Banneker school
until December OF that year, but at last
The present school was secured through the
trustees, superintendent. some leading cit
Izens and that noble order OF X. OIL.
Then we were still short of funds. SO the
late Mr.. b ]. Behrend, a merchant on
seventh street, gave me as many packing
boxes as my boys and ianitor could CON
Venieuily bring away. Thus for tie balance
o. The inst year 1 was able to accomplish
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
Wh8r6 Good Work
Is Accomplished
NORMAL SCHOOL OF SEVENTH
AND EIGHTH DIVISIONS.
Scientific Methods Adopted
by Miss Moten and Her
Corps of Assistants.
'"lhe children of to-day viii be the architects
OF ourcountry's destiny in 1900 "-Garfeid
organizedbyM Miss Myrtilla Miner, ,forthe
higher education of young coIored wo-

organlZedby Miss Myrtilla Miner, fOrthe
higher education of young colored wo-
menofthe Districtof Columbia Herethe
general education and the special training
were carried on simultaneously After her
death board of trustees assumed control,
and gradually the academic training became
secondary.
In 1877 an organization was effected
which provided professional training in
theory and practice for candidates who had
completed a high school course.
BY connecting with this normal school
primary schools, first, second and third
grades, an opportunity was given for actual
work in the school room Thus was grad
ually evolved a disunctively professional
normal training school.
Pupils are admitted at eighteen years,
and school term requires one year. The
first three months are devoted TO bringing
the students into intellectual harmony,
no practice being allowed in the training
schools Thus the student becomes ac-
quainted with the leading ideas and aims
for teaching work, discipline and health.
He studies psychology TO acquaint him with
the mental growth and development of his
pupils He also studies the history of edu
cation to find examples and models.
AS practice training he applies the
theory of self-g overnment in his inter
course with his pupils. Every student is
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
Laboratory Mofh0d
Of Education
PRINCIPAL SITES SDISCU SSESITS
USE IN THE HIGH SCHOOLS.
How Pupils Are Trained to
Be Self-reliant in Con-
duct and in Thought.
(Fro1n the EDochI

NRESIDENT SETH Low Of Columbia
u College recently delivered an ad-
dress in which he argued for higher
Il education upon the theory. which
he powerfully maintained, that the
growth Of the school systems OF the countrX
has been from the top dowuwards rather
than from The bottom upwards In
whatever other respects this proposition
may be trlie it is emineDtIy true with
respect to the Introduction into the secon-
dairy schools and even into the grammar
schools, so far as applicable, OF the methods
" practical, personal investigation that
characterize the work in the uuiversities-
Ia the city Of Washington the high schools
have IN recent years become more active
10 the application OF this idea and have
found constant stimulus and cO-Opera-
tiUn in the authorities Of the Columbian
University. The results Of these efforts
"a the part OF earnest educators
are To Ue seen not only in the
application Of laboratory methods to the
work in physical science. but also in the
training OF pupils III every branch OF study
to investigate for themselves. and go, so
far as possible, TO the original sources or
information.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

become living pictures by which they gain
thorough insight into the art and method of
instruction of different subjects in diff
ferent grades
Each model lesson is followed by discus
sion which sets forth the pedagOgic priHci-
pies which the teachers in the practice schools
have followed in their lessons
Finally, the last ten weeks OF the pupils
school life in tue normal are devoted to
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
SKETCH Or MR.. HILLS CAREER.

Mr.. James II. Hill, director of manual
training of the seventh and eighths di-
visions OF the public schools, was born
in Richmond, Va. His mother being of
Indian parentage he was born free.
He attended private schools in Rich
moud and was afteTward apprentioed to
George d. Shell, man thoroughly com
peteut and interested in his work, who in
stillcd i'll his pupils IoItion OF his own
worthy spirit.
AT the outbreak of the civil war he served
in the Army. He was afterwaTd the lrst
colored mechanic appointed in the Wash
ington navy yard by President Grant
Mr. Hill has erected many fine buildings
including theLovejoy and Columbia schools.
He was first appointed as teacher in the
manual training school by the late Dr.
Patton at Howard University. He re-
signed this position in 1857 to accept a
position in the manual training school of
the public schools. He is honest and pains
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

instruction OF sewing in the school: Miss
Carrie E. Syphax, directress; Assistants
Misses Mary e. Griffin, Amaleta Alexan-
der, Sara A Grimes. Louise A Hamer, Eliza
NJ. Thomas, Millie G. Lewis. They are all
District women aud have in their earlier
days been pupils in the public schools. The
success attending their work more than
proves their ability for the. positions they
hnl
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

MissL f. Moten, the principal, is a native
of the District of Columbia, educated in
the public schools, a graduate from the
Spen cerian Business College and State
Normal School, of Salem, Mass. She has
had experience in teaching each of the
primary and grammar grades in the city.
and was appointed to her present pO-
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

directed and guided in his teaching work
in one special study, and later in all studies
He works out a plan or prog ramme for every
lesson, and hands it over to the principal
for approval. During the class work
other students AL the principal herself
are present The sketching work done in
the class is thoroughly criticised in special
conferences by the principal or one OF her
assistants and the other members of the
class who were present
In this manner the student is taught how
to Criticise. not only others, but himself, as
we'll, and thus converts his theory into prac-
tical application.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

schools of first grade and teacher of object
lessons. Second assistant, Miss NJ E.
Smith. inchaTge Oftraining schools OfSeCond
grade andteacher Ofpenmanshipa andbOtany.
Third assistants. Miss a. f Thompson
and Miss Nj +. CruSor, charge of training
school of third grade and teach respectively
language and geography. Mr. I HunSter,
teacher in drawing. Mr H F Grant,
teacher in music Miss II V. George,
teacher in physical culture.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

Perhaps the first great crisis in the
intellectual life of the child is at that
period, not very definitely fixed. when
he waEes to a consciousness OF his in
dividuaIity, when. as Jean Paul Richter
tells Of his own experience, he for the first
time fully realizes that Il am l." II this
is the first important stage II the develop
ment of the soul, doubtless the second
is the period when the child comes to q
realization Of his relationship to nature
and 70 the world about him when he comes
to recognize that the laws which regulate
his activities, whether physical, intelleC-
tuaI. or social. are not mere arbitrary enact
ments, but are expressions OF natural
relations growing out of the funda-
mental principles OF human nature and
OF the constitution of things IL Is large
part OF the mission Of the secondary school
To give to the mind OF the pupil a strong
ana healthy development in this reCOguI
ton OF relations between man and man
and between man and the physical world
about him.
The boy who takes up the study of TIE
languages, ancient or modern, according
10 the methods OF the old teachers is very
likely 10 think that
''As Pallas BY Jove was beEOt.
In armOT all brilliantly FURNISHED,
So man with his LiGdeIl and Scott
And old LindIey Murray was furnished"
The boy who studies geography by the
plan of memorizing locations and prod
ucts is very likely 10 fall into the mode
of thought OF the backwOOds farmer, who
according TO the tTite story. thought
it was a happy provision Of na-
ture that the rivers Were made 10 flow
directly by the largest cities. The student
who undertakes to master the facts OF
F1f
in them the vUaIizIuE interest that comes
from tracing aualOsies with other times,
and from noting the peculiar relations Of
cause and effect in mans development
and in his contests with other men and with
the difficulties OF nature, VIII miss a
large part OF the eiuCative value thar
might be derived from that au-importanr
study. Even in mathematics the uniform
observance and persistence of law Is TO
be illustrated by the relations BET ween
the various branches OF the science, II
We are to make our scholars more than
mere computing machines.
To understand this relation TO things,
the pupil must come into close contact
with things It is with this general
idea-the necessity OF training the boy
or girl to search out the reason and
meaning OF faCts-that We apply the
laboratory method 10 al tie subjects OF
study IN our high school course The first
fact put before the pupll in Latin Is The
primary fact. the language itself, the
living language as Caesar wrote iJ-EOt
an array of rules and forms. secondary
facts concerning the language. From the
primary materials the student Is taught,
by the induCtive method, to work out niles
for himself. Taking IN hand the thing
itself, he proceeds to observe. formulate,
generalize Is not this the true laboratory
method? The same may be said Of the
other languages
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

The normal school teachers are: Miss l.
E Moten, principal Subjects-Psy-
chOlogy, methodolugy, principles of in
stru ctiOn, school management, special
methods in reading, arithmetic and phOnicS;
atleast one h0uFper week, for the whole year
is allotted To each subject First assistant,
Miss A c. Hand, in charge of training
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

An exceedingly important part of the
teachers training is the art of instruc-
ton This he cannot learn from books or
lectures, but by and through living example.
We therefore emphasize the observation of
the teaching of other persons and Of FREQUENT