St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1895-01-13

especially clover, to put vegetable matter
i'll the land to feed the wheat and to
bring moisture to it. Fourth-Grow live
stock enough to consume all the crop
grown OIL the land, and apply the man
ure as soon as possible afterit is made.
Fifth-J'lle value of the wheat crop can
begreatly increased to the farmer by
feeding it to live stock. The extent Of
the increase i'll value will be gagged by
his skill in feeding animals, and by the
goodness OF the animals. He will get
for it all the way from 6O cents to 81 per
bushel. not including the value Of the
manure.
The substitutes for wheati should in
clude every kind of farm products that
can be grown in Minnesota. OF these
substitutes corn is perhaps the most
important, but some persons would
place clover first Our farmers should
grow oats, barley, peas, rye, millet,
mangels, sorghum; in fact, everything
that our markets call for. that live
stock will eat and that our lands will
grow in good form. And, so far as pos
sible, everything grown upon the farm
should be turned into meat, dairy
products. eggs or wool before it is sold.
The farmer then becomes his own man
ufacturer, and gets his profit for manu-
featuring the foods which he grows;
and he has the by.product, the manure,
TO enrich his lands. But one farmer
should not attempt to grow too many
things, either as food for live stock or
in the form of live stock.
These substitutes can be grown in all
sections Of the Northwest, where the
soil ana climate will raise all average
crop Of several Of these products the
same year. When the dry West coun-
try is reached, pasture will be the prin-
cipal reliance. Cultivation there should
not be general. Hay can be got i'll such
arid lands in the valleys to feed the
stock in winter. Corn, as cattle food,
can be grown in all parts OF Minnesota
where the soil is rich enough to grow it,
and the joyful day is coming when it
will be thus grown. Corn will yet be a
great resource in nearly all parts of our
state as food for live stock.
The comparative value Of such sub
stitutes cannot be stated, except in all
approximate way. the conditions vary
ing so much. The combination Of crops
grown iii any one locality, and the r0-
tatIOn OF the same will depend upon the
conditions of the soil and the climate;
hence, they will vary much in different
sections. SO far as live stock is con-
cerned, dairying, poultry and swine pay
best at the present time. Potatoes are
also paying crop in many parts Of this
state, but where they are grown the
land must be fed.
The farmer should faSten upon some
one branch of live stock and make it
his chief dependence. But where he is
without capital, and probably without
buildings and fences, he could only do
this gradually. Poultry could be most
cheaply introduced. Sheep would prob
ably come next, or swine, and then
dairying Dairying and swine rearing
go hand in hand. After dairying beef
raising would be next in order. And.
while the change was being made, such
crops as beans. peas and other things
A iIICIl CtlC ilON llIi lOl lSN SOhi&t ~
grown, as they always command good
prices and a ready sale. And in other
places good crops Of clover seed could
be made to bring in revenue.
IWould add the following suggestions:
The aim of every farmer should be to
get large returns from small areas under
cultivation, rather than moderate re-
turns from large areas. By the former
process he will make more money.
Every farmer should take care of his
farm implements when not in use.
The reckless waste Of farm machinery
in the Northwest is enough to bring the
farming interest into serious trouble.
The shameful process Of burning manure
and of carting it out into rayines to
waste should be made misdemeanOr,
punishable by law. The quality OF the
live stock should be greatly improved
By using good, pure sireS so far as Drac-
ticable, and by giving better food and
care. The profit from keeping it would
thereby be greatly increased. When
mixed husbandry gets in full Roadway
in Minnesota, and when iuduious
rotation accompanies 1t, the state will
enjoy greater prosperity than it has
ever hitherto known.