davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Stockings are first mentioned in lit
erature as being already worn in Italy
about the year 100. They are alluded
to as a great invention and far superior
to the former practice OF wrapping the
feet in cloth bandaCes.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Pasquinades took their name from the
shop of Roman tailor named Pas
quin, the square in front Of which con-
tanned celebrated statue. on the ped
estal of which all sorts OF squibs and
lampoons were posted.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Bargains in Wall Paper

Attention of our readers is called to the
great bargains in Wall Paper offered in
another part of this paper by Alfred Peats,
the GREAT Wall Paper dealer, l32-1A West
Madison street, Chicago. who offers to send
free samples on application.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Profanity and Pain

Too often go together. Refrain from swearing
II you are suffering the fortunes Of rheuma-
tism, and seek the aid of Hostetter's Stom-
ach Bitters; which will expel the rheumatic
virus from your blood. Kidney and malarial
complaints, dyspepsia, constipation, neural
gia and billousness are all relieved by this
sterling and comprehensive family medicine.
which should be kept always on hand for
emergencies.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Removal OF Ticket Office Of Chicago,
Milwaukee 81 ST. Paul Ry.

On March LIST the Chicago ticket Office Of
the Chicago, Milwaukee, & st. Paul Ry. will
be moved to the new Marquette Building,
corner Adams and Dearborn streets. The
number of the office will be 95 Adams street.
G. y. SoUTHER. Ticket Agent.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
I,rs MERELY Good Health.

That beautiful complexion is health,
preserved by Ripans Tabules.
Ripans Tabules purify the blood, clear
the skin of blemishes and make life more
worth living.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Think of it ladies'! You can permanent
~ beautify your complexion with Glenn's
Sulphur Soap.
Hills Hair and Whisker Dye" Black
or Brown, soc.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
STEAMER GOES DOWN
TWELVE LOST IN AN OHIO RIVER
DISASTER.

The Longfeliow Becomes Unmauage-
able, Strikes a Railroad Bridge ut
Cincinnati, Breaks In Two and Sinks
with Her Cargo.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

acts directly upon the blood, making 1t rich
and pure, and giving 1t vitality and life
giving qualities. This is why Hoods Sar-
saparilla Cures when all other preparations
and prescriptions fail.
II have tried Hoods Sarsaparilla and
found it to be an excellent medicine for
impure blood. highly recommend it,"
FANNIE Z. PRIcHARD, Utica, N. Y.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

A few of the open cars which the ILL.,
nois Central Railroad ran to the Column
ban Exposition are to be seen OH the pier
east of the general passenger station in
Chicago
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

A woman of perfect form should
measure about foot more from her
waist to her feet than from her waist
to the crown OF her head.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

This Is proved beyond any doubt by the
wonderful cures which have been accom-
plished by this medicine. Weak, tired, nerv-
GUS men and women tell Of new strength
and vigor and steady nerves given by
Hoods Sarsaparilla. Sufferers from sleep
lessness, scrofula, salt rheum and the Sc
verest forms of blood diseases have found
relief In Hoods. This Is because Hood 3
Sarsaparilla purifies the blood.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
PROOF IS POSITIVE
THAT LYDIA e. PINKHAM'S
VEGETABLE COMPOUND
Is Daily Curing Backache, Dizziness,
Faintness, Irregularity, and all Fe.
male Complaints.
irsrKcrAI. TO our Lazy nrAprRs.,

tsrEcrAL TO OUR LADY RFADERs.l
Intelligent women no longer doubt the
salue of Lydia +. Pinkhd,n's Vegetable
Compound. 1t speedily relieves irregu-
larity, suppressed or painful menstrual
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Mich
igan and Wisconsin are nearly equal in
area, between $4,000 and 10000 square
miles.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

The tail of beaver is a regular
trowel, and Is used as such.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

An Englewood, ILL.,. caterer has this on
his bill of fare: Our beans are direct
from Boston and are pronounced by those
who have eaten them as the best"
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

The greatest velocity attained by a
whale when struck by a harpoon Is
nine miles an hour.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

AFTER physicians had given me up, i
was saved by Piso's Cure.-RALPH ERIEG,
Williamsport, Pa, Nov. %, 1888.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Mrs. winslow's sooTHINo syrup for Childrsa
teething: sottens the gums, reduces fnhammations
sllays pain cures wind colo. Is cents bottle.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

A proud man is seldom grateful
man, for he never gets as much as he
thinks he deserves-H w. Beecher
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Pure Rich Blood

Is essential to good health, because the
blood is the vital fluid which supplies all
the organs with life and the power to per-
form their functions.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14

Blood Is life, and upon tho purity and vi
tality Of the blood depends the health OF the
whole system. The best blood purifier is
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
Hoods SarSaparilla
Is the Great Blood Purifier.
Lucky Patient.

Hoods pills easy to buy. easy to take.
AAO~s AAAS easy in effect. zoo.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-03-14
$40 at $1O

oash With der Chicago Only person, he %
furnish addresses Of neghbors ought
thing in line Cut description and full information
gsrdlns II will appear soon.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

One day this week, that populai Chief Clerk of Hotel Trulock, Mir. D C. Jackson, will leave for his sum mer's vacation. A part of his vaca tion, it is whispered, will he spent al Ravenden Springs; and, it is whisper ed still lower, that the waters d that famous springs is not the at traction that carries him thers During his absence his position wlH be filled by Mir. J. $. Grant, lately q Louisville. Kentucky.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
A GOOD DINNER
Is What You Want on sunday..-HoteI
 Trulock the Place to Get It.

1 The management of Hotel Trulock will in future make d speciality ol Sunday dinner, and these dinners will be prepared in such manneF that the most hynercritical can find nothing at which to cavil, and will consist of all delicacies in season. This will give families who desire Ia good dinner and wish to allow their cooks to rest on the Sab. bath day an opportunity to enjoy a feast at small expense. No extra charge will be made. The menue tol day will be as follows:
 MENUE.
 Mock Turtle ConsOmme CelestineI Olives Sliced Tomatoes Radishes Broiled Spanish Mackerel Maitre
 DHotel Potatoes Rieul Boiled Leg of Mutton, Caper SauceE Fricandeau of Veal, Portugaise
 Sweetbreads En Case
 Rum Omelet
 Pineapple Sherbet
 Roast Ribs of Beef Au Jus Mashed and Boiled Potatoes
 Asparagus on T0as'y Roast Ham Champange Sauce Candied Yams Mustard Greensf Shrimp Surbuisson ..k CocOanut Custard Pie Pear Pl1z
 Blanc Mange Grape Jelly Cream Puffs Assorted CaKsH Corn Bread Nuts Raisins
 .- Butter MilSH Crackers Cheese Coffee Ice Tea IeaK
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Miss Marion Dewoods entertained the Edelweiss Club at her home on West Fourth avenue. last evening Progressive lagomachy was the fea- ture of the entertainment. The prizes were won by Miss Smart, Miss Fox, and Mir. c. W. Pettigrew. All report having had most delightful time and the wee sma' hours crept upon them before they dispersed for their different homes.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Judge and Mrs. Frank Silverman returned yesterday from their sum- mer's vacation pleasantly spent on the shores of the great lakes. We are pleased to state that they had a most pleasant vacation and returned much improved in health.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

A telegram received at a late hour Saturday afternoon stated that Mrs. l.. P. Kaufman, of St. Louis, the venerable mother of MT. A. Kaufman, of this city, was not expected to live.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

A telegram was received from Mir. P. F. Byrd Saturday morning, an- nouncing his arrival at Gettysburg, Pa, and stating that the condition of Maj. John B. Speers, who has been very i'll at that place, was very much improved.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

The latest advices received from Messrs. S. Y. T. Knox and J. T.. Lloyd, two Pine Bluffians sick at Hot Springs, was to the effect that both were slowly improving.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
G. A. K.

National Encampment, Louis vile, Ky, Sept, 10th to 14th, tickets on sale Sept, Sth, 9th and 10th, good to return until Oct, 9th. Rates $13.1O round trip giving you choice of routes through St. Louis or Mem- phis. Go via. Iron Mountain Route
 J.L, REINACH,
 til Sept. 10 Ticket Agent.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
A German,s Teeth.

Have you ever noticed that nice and white his teeth are. We have written to the Leipsic Institute of OdOntology, they have sent us a receipt which explains the secret. l0c. one ounce. ANDERsoN-MEYER.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

It was certainly an exciting throng that invaded the GRAPHIC office last night. The friends of the various candidates in the type writer and bicycle contests filled the office from sundown until the hour announced for the counting of the votes.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

MT. Meyer H. Benson, a popular young merchant of Junction City, Arkansas, arrived in Pine Bluff Friday. He is enronte to the northern markets, where he heproposes purchasing large stock of goods for his firm.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
Annunciat,on Academy

Annunciation Academy of this city, will reopen on the first Monday in September, and parents are re- quested to send their children on the first day of the school. S-2i-d-10t
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Sheriff Charles H. Triplett and son returned home Saturday from Eureka Springs, where they had been for several weeks. The GRAPHIC is pleased to state that both were much improved in health by their visit 10 that delightful and famous summer resort.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Just received, a car of Flor ence wagons which are first class, and guaranteed for twelve months. Come and get our prices before you purchase.
 s 80 St FOX BROS.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Messrs. Sim A. Levy and Hugh DennisI arrived home from Hot Springs Saturday evening, where they had been for the past two weeks. Both report having enjoyed them selves thoroughly.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

The magistrates and constables say they never before saw business so dull in their lines as it has been fer the past week.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

The stock of cigars, tobaccos, books, stationery. etc, of the late firm of W. H. Rowland & Co.,, will be sold at Sheriff's sale on the 9th inst. The stock invoiced g., 200.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Tomorrow afternoon. from to 6 o'clock, Berta, the lovely little daughter of Mir. and Mrs. John w. Sullivan, will entertain her friends at her home, No. 1017 West Barraque street.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
ItIs a
 Settled Fact

That our prescription trade is in- creasing daily because our drugs are all fresh and we knw how to put them up correct. We are under no obligations to any Doctor. for they don't get a commission from us. Every prescription we fill for you you are from fifteen 70 twenty ve cents head. WALKER DRUG Coz
 diff
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mir. Will Alden will leave about the first of the week for Galveston, Tex, in which city he proposes to make his home in the future. He will carry with him the best wishes of a host of friends.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Capt. Y. D. Wilkins, President of the Merchants and Planters Bank, left for Mt. Nebo Saturday, to visit his family, who are now sojourning at that delightful resort.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Letter Carrier Robert E. Davis, of the Pine Bluff postoffice, has been granted a two weeks vacation, and will leave for St. Louis tomorrow on a pleasure trip.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
The L w Harner Is fha anoat aa

The I. ". Harper is the finest fla- vored whiskey on earth. Used in moderation, it Is sure spe- cific for indigestion, for general de- bility, for insomnia, for mental de- pression. Sold by
 ". J. BRANNoN & BRo.,
 Corner Main and Second
 Pine Bluff, Ark.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

The person who lost boxeontain- ing a quantity of black crepe can get same by calling on A. Murphy, bar Der, at No. BOT Main street, and proving property.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mir. and Mrs. F. Stryon, who for
 several weeks past have been en- toying themselves at Allegheny
 Springs, returned home Friday.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mir. Jesse R. Core, of Plum Bayou, who has been quite sick at Sulphur Springs, is convalescent. He will return to his plantation home Monday.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mrs. E. T. Hathaway, of Dennison, Texas, is the guest of Mrs. H. Fl Hum, on West Fifth avenue.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
Don't Worry Yourself.

But send your prescriptions to us? You know and everybody knows that they will be filled correctly. promptly and only absolutely pure drugs will be used.
 ANDERSON-MEYEY.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mir. Joe Patterson left for Toledo, Chicago and other points in the North and West last night, on a business and pleasure trip com bined.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
 Ton offthe HeaD.

Just in, the largest lot of hair brushes ever brought to Pine Bluff. We paid particular attention to the bristle not the handle: they are neat but extra good. ANDERSON MEYER.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Read Iron Mountain Route adver- tisement of cheap G. A. R. tickets to Louisville, Ky, and return.
 til Sept. 10.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Fresh mackerel and pickled Hol land herrings. 17d If l.. E. GOLDSMITH & Go.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

EVERYWHERE we go we find some one who has been cured by Hoods Sarsaparilla. 1t is the great est curative agent. It is the one great blood purifier and nerve tonic.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Miss Dora Toney is quite sick at the home of her sister, Mrs. J. P. Knox, on West Fourth avenue.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mir. A. J. Waters came down from Littis Rock Saturday.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mr. John Lanier Mills was called to St. Louis, on business, Friday afternoon.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Nearly all of our merchants are be- ginning to get in this fall and winter goods.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Ex-Mayor D. c. Bell is expected home from Potash Sulphur and Hot Springs today.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01
CITY ITEMS.

The DAILT GRAPHICoccepts ad ''ertasing on the distinct and unequiuocol guarontee asot it hos doily circula- ton larger than ony other doily news- paper published ID Pine BJuf.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Maj. NJ. J. Mead, after two weeks spell of illness, is able to be up again.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Miss Delsye Cans, of Little Rock who is visiting Miss Helen Rosen- berg, will return home today.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

The charming Miss Bea viets is visiting friends in Little Rock.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mrs. Day Mills has been quite sick for several days.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mir. Will H. Rowland is confined to his room by sickness.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

HOODS PILLS for the liver and bowels, act easily yet promptly and effectively.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Fresh dill, sweet and sour mixed chow chow and vinegar pickles. Sour kraut and pigsfeet.
 S27 L. E. GOLDSMITH & Co.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Chief Al. J. Stewart is convales- cent, after brief spell of sickness.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mayor L. E. Goldsmith and family have returned from Oconomowoc.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

MT. H. D. Avery, q prominent business man of Star City, was in they city Saturday.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

MT. Arthur Mills has returned from a weeks visit to Potash Sulphur Springs.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

The City Council will meet Monday night. The session promises to be an interesting one.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

After nine years of efficient service Mir. John King, on yesterday, sev- cred his connection with MT. J. Nj. Goza, and on tomorrow will take charge of the cotton gin of Col. J. ". Corcoran for the coming season. He will be succeeded by Mir. Goza's cousin, MT. J. k. Jones. of Kentucky.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

The Board of Equalization will meet on the second Monday in September. There is much work in store for the Board for the short time it will have to do it, yet it's mem bers are men vi ho know the value of Pine Bluff real es- tate, and 1t will not take them long to note where the assessment of property is given in too low.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

ldr. and Mrs. T. J. Mitchell arrived home Saturday from Potash Sulphur Springs.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Mrs. E. H. Hummer has been spending the week at Sulphur Spring.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Why does Smith & Robinson use only Full Moon four in baking? Be- cause it is the best. 1Stf
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

Fresh barrel olives. S2Stf l.. E. GOLDSMITH & Co.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-09-01

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The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-08-01
CuBA.s NEW EXPEDITION.
Il Is the Largest and Best Equipped
Ever Landed There.

Key West. Fla, July Ji.-Private tele-
grams received here confirm the story
Of the safe landing of the largest and
best equipped expedition that has ever
landed in Cuba. As was stated, the ex-
pedition was commanded by Gems Ro-
lon, Sanchez and Rodriguez. They car
ried go men, $500 rounds Of ammuni-
tion. 45O rifles, 400 pounds Of dynamite.
one Gatling gun, one cannon and 500
ounces Of DIR. Esqu'nalIo's infallible balm
for wounds. DR.. ldez Dominguez went
as colonel of the sanitary CORPS. Part
of this expedition left here early in June
in the tug Childs, but after several at
tempts to land on the east coast of Cuba,
returned and camped on Harbor key.
about thirty miles from Key West. short
ly after landing ROlom left them, and IL
is rumored went north, going by way
of Biscayne Bay, to secure another Ves-
sell He returned a week ago last Wednes-
day on an ocean tug, name unknown.
She was covered from stem 10 stern with
canvas, and took ON the men
and ammunition last Thursday
week and started for the Bahama ISL
ands. He took on Gen. Rodriguez with
So men. $1,000 rounds Of ammunition and
$50 rifles.
1t is reported that Henry Brooks was
with the expeditioEf he having made sew
eral visits to Pine Key, coming and going
by way Of Biscayne Nay. He is known
here as Mr.. Grant. Prominent Cubans
here state that the safe landing of the
expedition has put new life into the Gu
ban cause, and its failure 10 land would
have been its death blow. The eNpedi-
ton was so well planned and executed
that few, even of the Cubans, knew any
thing about 1t.
Havana, July S1.-A dispatch from San
tiago de Cuba says band Of Insurgents
made an attack upon Fort Mijial, between
Hongo and Porcips, last evening and
were repulsed.
A large band of insurgents made an
attack this morning upon a small de-
tachment of Spanish troops on the es-
tate Of Isabel in the Guantanamo dis
trict. A desperate fight ensued with the
result that the rebels were driven back
with heavy loss.
Gen. Lugne reports from Santa Clara
that the Spanish column under Col. Gar
rido met band OF insurgents under the
rebel leader Rodriguez on the Venida es-
tate in the Sagua dis rIct yesterday and
| dispersed them, KILN Rodriguez and
| capturing a quantity Of arms, ammuni-
ton, etc.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-08-01
DEFENDER THE VICTOR.
The NigiIant Beaten IL Minutes In
the 40 Mile Run to Newport.

Newport. X. l.. July g.-Once again.
the Defender has scored victory over
the Vigilant, and while the latter was
somewhat handicapped by siN-fOot rent
in her main sail. that would not atone for
the - minutes beating which the latest
Herreshom creation gave To the cup de-
fender OF 1888, "a the forty mile run from
New London here. The new boat made
ample amends FOR her failure to win yes
terday, and even the croakers. who say
she is not doing as well as she should.
ceased their croaking, and Apprehension
In regard TO the Americas cup was put AZ
rest for the day. at least.
The regatta committee talked with Mr.
Iselin tonight about having the Defend ar
officially measured and giving out the re-
suits tomorrow. They also considered
the protest Of tho Vigilant in. the race OF
July % and will announce their decision
tomorrow.
After finishing, all the yachts anchored
inside the harbor. except the Defender,
whose deep draught made Il safer for her
outside Goat Island. There has seldom
been a thicker forest of masts in the har-
Dor than was the case this afternoon, and
the spectacle, when all were lighted up
this evening, was one that Will be long re-
memberedh ere. The fleet Will remain al
anchor tomorrow, and there VIII be much
entertaining ashore and sociabihty ahoat
on Friday one of the greatest races OF
the year-that for the Goelet cup-will be
sailed. The Jubilee. Volunteer. Nigilani
and Defender will then come together.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-08-01
A LICENSE TAX KN0CKED OUT.
Judge simOntOn Holds That IL vio-
Iates the Federal Constitution.

Judge simOntOn Holds That IL vio-
Iates the Federal Constitution.
Asheville, N. c. July S1.-Judge Charles
II. simonton has handed down a decision
in an important case. On July 20 a war
rant was issued by Justice Carter against
w. J. Hough Of this city, the charge be-
ing that Mr.. Hough had violated section
25 Of the revenue acts of North Carolina,
forbldding the sale of pianos and organs
within the state without payment of a
license tax of $3.50. Tucker Il Murphy Of
Asheville, representing the w. w. Kim
ball Company OF Chicago and other piano
and organ companies, procured q writ OF
habeas corpus from Judge Si-
monton. returnable at Flat Rock,
on July "a. On that day j. d.
Murphy argued the case before Judge ST.
monitor. Yesterday the judge sent his de-
cision to United States Clerk Patersons
Office. In this, the judge holds in favor
of the defendant that section 25 Is uncon-
stitutional and void. for the reason that
it Is in violation of article l. section 8, OF
the constitution Of the United States,
granting to congress exclusive right to
regulate commerce between the states.