davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

lines around the dark portions are
films of water. When water and air
thus mingle in the soil the conditions
are best for the growth of most of our
trees and plants. When all of the
space is filed with water the plant is
deprived of oxygen and in time will die.
II all of the space is filled with air the
root dries, growth is suspended, and
frequently death results.
The outer wall of the root, or the
epidermis, is shown at e. e. The en-
larged hair is marked h. Where the
hair is marked C. C. Is portion where
the soil grains closely adhere to the
hair. So close sometimes is this con-
nection that 1t Is found impossible to
separate them by means Of washing
Both the grains of soil and the root
hair are covered by the watery film.
This water does not sink down into the
air spaces as one might suppose, for
the particles of soil have greater at
tracing power on account of the close
ness of their connection than the gen.
kral law of gravitation. In fact, it is
but the law of gravitation applied in
different direction.
Not only Is the root-hair covered by
the water. but it absorbs the water, as
10 also in turn the inner cells of the
;oot. Wherever two such particles of
soil, or two hairs, or a hair and parti-
lie touch each other the two films of
water unite and become one. Whenever
he film of water around a hair be-
comes thin it supplies itself from all
the other films of water. for water
seeks It's level here as well as in the
more obvious application of the law.
Thus the films tend to be always of the
same thickness, and this flow of water
from particle to particle to renew ex-
hausted films is what causes the up
card movement of water in soil,
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
The Gnulds' Taxes.

New York. Dec. 7.-,Justice Russell, In
the special term of the Supreme court to
day, handed down decision which e1
empts from taxation the property Of
George j., Howard, Edwin and Helen
NJ. Gould in this country, on the ground
that they are nonresidents.
Five different proceedings were insu
tuted against the members of the Gould
family, both individually and as execu
tors Of the late Jay Gould. In his de
cision vacatlng the assessment made BY
the commissioners Of taxes for the yea,
1894, Judge Russell sustains the conten,
ton of the relator that they had removed
from this state with the intention Of
permanently residing IN another state al
the time the assessmen, was made.
The residence of George j. GSr,fd Il
stated as being at Lakewood, New Jer
sey, and that of the other relators as IT.
vington, New Jersey.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12


dent that the same law that causes
water to rise in the soil. causes it also
to find its way into all living plants.
So far as possible, we will under
take, by means of the accompanying
Illustrations, to show the manner In
which the water is supplied to the
plant: In the Illustration in this
column Is shown cross section of a
root. 1t Is very highly magnified. SO
as to show the cell structure. In the
center we see disc composed of num-
erous compact and small cells. This
might be denominated the pith Of the
root. Technically this is called the
axis of the root. Around this axis are
layers of softer cells, the number of lay
ers differing in roots, largely on ac-
count of age. In the illustration there
are five layers between the axis and the
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
Durraut IL Sentenced.

San Francisco, Gala, Dec super.
ior Judge Murphy yesterday denied
Theodore Durrant's motion for a new
trial. He sentenced Durrant to be
hanged for the murder of Blanche La.
mont, but fixed no date for the execu.
ton.
The prisoner was ordered into the
custody Of the sheriff, who was In
structed within ten days to take Dur.
rant to San Quentin prison.
The prisoners attorney gave notice
of an appeal to the Supreme court
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
MuttOn in France.


Agricultural depression has its capri
cious sides in France; the greater the
fall in the price of wheat. the greater
the acreage under the crop, and the
less the yield, says correspondent to
the Michigan Farmer. Good corn, on
appropriate land, only will produce
many bushels of wheat, and that is one
of the most feasible plans to combat
low prices. For the moment, the trend
of French farmers is a new departure
to raise mutton. The demand Of the
latter is very great and constant, and
neighboring nations are put under con-
tribution for sheep that France could as
we'll produce 1t is a day dream to ex-
pect to be able to compete with AUS
tralia in wool, but she and Argentine
can be fought over the supply Of legs
of mutton and of outlets. Save pork
and ham, the French dislike salt-meat;
they are equally averse to timed meat,
and the only way they like the boiled
down preparation is in the form of ex-
tract, to make soup. Frozen mutton
would meet with q sale were foreign
shippers to provide centers for its dis
tribution, and prevail on the custom
authorities not to cut up and disfguro
the carcasses as II they contained SNUG
gled cigars or TASKS Of cognac.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

How does it happen that the popu-
lists always bob up holding the balance
Of power in every big political contest
of late years? During the memorable
fight in the Illinois legislature which
finally resulted in the election of Sena-
tor Palmer. the populist members Of
that body controlled the issue of the
fight, and now, in Kentucky, the re-
Gently elected legislature stands 6S
democrats to 6s republicans on joint
ballot, with the two populists control
ling things as usual. The struggle for
the Kentucky senatorship promises to
b . remarkable one.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
FOUR VICTIM 8.
Work of Indians or Mexican Outlaws In
Arizona.


Arizona.
Phoenix, Ariz., Dec. -Four more vic.
tins have been added to the tale of mur.
der that comes from the borders of the
Apache reservation in Eastern Arizona.
Four miners have been killed by
Apaches below abandoned Fort Thomas
on the Gila river. Details are but
meager. OF one thing there is Ger
tainty, Merrill and his daughter and the
miners were killed by two separate
bands. The first murder occurred Tues.
day afternoon about five o'clock, the sec
ond the succeeding day. The two spots
are nearly sixty miles apart. The min
ers must have been killed on the reserva.
ton, possibly on the main travelled road
that runs from Fort Thomas to San
Carlos.
That they were ambushed there can
be no doubt, for on the roadside were
found mocassin tracks that led from be-
hind boulders and brush. There were
four more mOcassin tracks and the
tracks of two horses being ridden. Fur
ther than the tracks there was no indl-
cation of Indian completely and many of
nearby settlers believe that the deed
was that of renegade Mexicans. Neither
were the bodies mutilated or the horses
killed as is usual in Apache killing. 1t
was evident that the bodies had been
searched for valuables, but beyond this
no deviltry could be observed.
1t is not deemed probable that the
sheriff's posse, lily provided with ra-
tons, can remain on the trail till they
have run down the game, but If they do
the presence of the sheriff is not deemed
sufficient to delay retribution. There are
also In the field two troops of the Seventh
cavalry from Fort Grant, and troop of
cavalry from Fort Bayard, New Mexico.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
Idado,s Advancement.

Boise, Idaho, Dec. 7.-Governor Nc
Connell has prepared, at the instance
of the Chicago Journal Of Commerce,
a paper of interest which will tend to
attract immigration to Idaho. 1t shows
the progress of the state since its ad-
mission into the Union in 1890. Then
the population was 10000 and assess
able property valued at $25, 5,75O,OOO.
Assessed valuation ran up to S33 ,341, :
S91 in 1893. and in 1895 is $29, 1892, 80.
The present population Of the state is
given ut 5000.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
Justice Jackson's Successor.

Washington, Dec. 9.-The Senate ju
dietary committee has reported the nom
ination of Rufus W. Peckham Of New
York to be associate Justice of the Su
preme court, favorably. which insurer
his confirmation.
The judiciary committee also agree u
report favorably the nomination Of
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
The "Foreign Notes" editor makes

The Foreign Notes" editor makes q
speciality Of European war-clouds and
he says it's mighty clear day in tho
eastern hemisphere when there are
none in sight. His very presence gives
US nervous prostration every passing
hour. The sporting editor considers
him a little leery along these lines. and
claims that European war-cries are
simply an enlarged and profusely illus
uated edition of the lip mills of tho
American prize ring. all blow and no
blows.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

We're there no exhaustion of films by
root absorption or by evaporation there
would consequently be suspension of
water movement; but any exhaustion
causes movement toward the point of
least density. Technically this Is
called restoring the equilibrium. From
which it is evident that the root draws
water from all the moist soil around 1t,
even though the root comes in con-
tact with very little of the soil.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
Republican Committee Meets.

Washington. Dec. 9.-The Republican
national committee assembled at two
o'clock to-day to begin the hearing of
cities desirous of entertaining the next
Republican national convention. The or
iginal purpose was to meet at eleven a.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

A Polish journalist Of Chicago has
been sent to jail for four months just
for saying that another man had been
sent to the penitentiary. when, in fact
he had not, and there was no occasion
for sending him. He apologized and
explained that he had been taken in by
q joker, who gave him the story, but
as he Was publishing humorous paper
the Jury showed him no mercy.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
Cripple Creek Maps.

Washington, Dec. 9.-There has beer
such demand for the map of the Cripple
Creek district, gotten out by the geoiog
ical survey, that Senator Teller to-day
introduced resolution to provide for ths
printing of 5000 extra copies Of the map
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

From the way oil wells are being dis
covered in Indiana 1t might be sup
posed that the earthquake had shaken
part Of Russia over to our side Of the
globe. ,
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

Delaware, Green Mountain, Brilliant,
Goethe.
Observation-Disclosures Early, Cres-
Parker Earle.
Raspberries = Kansas. Sowhegan,
Gregg Cuthbert, Progress, Turner.
Blackberries - Snyder, Kittatinny,
Early Harvest, May Dewberry.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

Men who feel that the safety of the
country and the; success of candidates
Of 1896 will be dependent upon what
they do will be very busy from this
time on. '----f +
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

! An inquiring man thrust his fingers
into a horses mouth to see how many
teeth he had. The horse closed his
mouth to see how many fingers the man
had. The curiosity Of each was fully
satisfied
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

Is A Kansas man has been committed
for contempt in refusing to taste beer
in court. Most Of his fellowmen will
look upon him as being Justly punished
for despising an opportunity.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

New York, not being able to get
either the republican or democratic con-
vention, might try for the populists.
They would not be afraid of the Tiger.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

These repeated rumors Of Senator
David B. Hill intending to marry are
very distressing to that young man.
Mr.. Hill thinks the public should real
lie by this time that he is welded to
his art 81 tt..
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

1t is dif1cult for a man coming home
late at night to realize that the tower
ing female who stands at the head of
the stairs is the timid little. girl he
asked to be his wife.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

The sultan is decorating those who
committed the atrocities, not neces-
sarily for publication, but simply rs an
evidence of bad faith. sH#.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

Coxy did not go himself. but he sent
his son to Cuba to help struggling Gu
bans to keep Spaniards of the grass.
Give Coxey due credit.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

cross. no crown" is about the shape of
it under the kangaroo dispensation.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

The nawab Of Basoda may pot be q
very learned parsonage, but he is splen-
didly adapted to the purposes of comic
opera. .,.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

. Ordinary talk doesn't seem to affect
the sultan. After while some q the
war ships may come along and givs him
. blowing up.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

~. A negro who wounded four people in
Kansas with hatchet has been re-
leased and the victims have been bound
over I'd keep the peace.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

We imagine We can hear Col. Dan
Stuart praying for restoration of the
parity between lumber and physical
calture.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

A woman in Greensburg, Ind. died
Of remorse the other day. No fears Of
an epidemic are entertained.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

While not sympathizlng greatly with
the sultan. we think 1t may be fairly
said that his job is no sinecure.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

High breeding gracefully insists on
its own rights. Good breeding grace
fully remembers the rights of others.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

A young man who lacks in gallantry
toward his mother and sister il likely
to lack 1t toward a wife.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

It is q mistake to suppose that people
hate to be laughed at. Look at the
comedian, for instance.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AGRICULTURISTS
Some Up-to-Dnte Hints About Cuitiva-
tion of the Soil and Yields Thereof
Horticulture. Vitioulture and Fiurl-
culture.

ITHOUT WATER
there can be no
growth Of plants.
Its supply in righ t
quantities Is one OF
the great problems
of agriculture. The
law of capillary at
traction has been
widely discussed,
yet it is understood
- &c.. TA L. ~rrt
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

1t is evident that Lord Dunraven be-
lieves that yacht races should be sailed
in printers ink.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

Winter Protection-Winter protec-
ton is important. Trees are often pro-
nounced tender which with a little
more care would merit a different YER
dict. AS an animal needs a little extra
bedding in very cold weather, so q
tree-particularly young tree whei g
the roots are near the surface-needs
a mulch of some sort to protect it.
For this purpose nothing is better than
well-rotted barnyard manure. applied
to a dephth of four or five inches and
spread so as to cover an area of three
or four feet on each side of the tree.
Such an application serves the double
purpose of protection and food.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
Cheap Root Cellar,

want to tell your readers how
made storage place for roots last fall
that carried them all through the win
ter in good shape, and it cost scarcely
anything but work, says North Da-
kota reader, of Farm, Stock and Home.
1t was simply posts eight feet long, set
on end and held in place by poles fiat
tened where they laid on the top Of the
posts and spiked on, with. cros' poles.
or old joists, of which I had some. laid
about four feet apart from end to end
of the lines of posts. The posts were
placed eight feet apart lengthways Of
the structure and ten feet apart the 9TH
er way, the whole frame being about
10 by 80 feet over this I,built astraw
stack, instead Of burning the straw.
After the stack was. built we burrowed
through one end OF it until we came to
the "cave" inside. easily made the bur-
row large enough to carry in our roots
and pumpkins, even the potatoes went
in there, and the whole thing was done.
Some fresh straw was put on the stack
this fall and my storehouse is even
more frost proof than ever, and don't
see why it will not last for several
years. Primitive, to be sure, but cheap
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12
The Rocky Ford Enterprise
ROCKY FORD, COLORADO.
Europe must have an ordinance
against Turkey-rafiling.

Tho sultan IL said to have broken
faith. We didn't know that he had any
to break.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1895-12-12

Big Cargo Of Produce.-The White
Star steamship Georgia, a new cargo
steamer, arrived in the Mersey, Liver
pool, September IA, 1895, with what is
described as 'the biggest cargo Of
American produce that ever left New
York" The Georgia is the largest cargo
boat afloat, and she certainly brought
a vast quantity. of merchandise. On her
freight list are $50 cattle, 5000 sheep,
1000 quarters beef, 10000 bushels
wheat, 1000 bushels Of corn, $50 bales
cotton, 1000 sacks flour, 1900 bags oil
cake, 1900 cases and LOO boxes bacon,
300 barrels and tins of provisions. 5000
packages lard, 5000 barrels resin, 700
barrels glucose, 1000 cases canned
goods, 300 packages soap. 400 barrels
wax, 800 barrels extract, 1000 barrels
lubricating oil, 100 tons wood. 5000
packages acetate of lime, $50 barrels
oxide Of zinc and 10000 packages Of
cooperage stock.-Ex.
Killing Caterpillars.-A farmer in an
Oregon paper says: Every year hear
of the caterpillars destroying whole or
chards, and there is nothing that can
be disposed Of more easily. 1 bore
hole in the tree deep enough to reach
the sap, I'LL with sulphur and then plug
1t up. The result is magical. The sap
takes the sulphur to every branch and
.twig and the caterpillars die at once. I
gather the insects up by the pint under
the trees that have become infested
with them before l noticed it and de-
stroyed them. I have never known the
remedy to fail and I never knew a tree
to be injured by it. and I have pursued
this course for years."
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-07-24
reased in value to 81 600, 100000. Last

January there We're on farms and
ranches 15.S93.31S horses, worth only
S516. $50, $50. In three years the farm
ers and horse breeders have lost about
S424 coo. 900 in horse values, and at the
same time about 100000, 900 of electric
railroads have been equipped and con-
structed. BY the elimination of new
inventiOn-for the first electric railroad
is now nearly twenty years old-new
wealth 70 the amount Of S40O.O9O.OCO
las been created and old wealth TO the
amount of $4,000, 900 destroyed. AS
the Kansas City Gazette is giving some
Of the above figures, the horse is
doomed. The trolley is only the be-
ginning. The horse will be driven out
as completely as the sailing vessel. He
will remain the vehicle Of luxury just
as the yacht does. The road motor is
near at hand 1t viii first appear on
well paved streets Of the city and in
ten years from now petroleum motor
or storage battery will be on every
country road. Charging the latter is
going to be an easy matter with trolley
lines running all over the country. For
pleasure, for war and for blowing the
horse will last, but for nothing else.
This is sad, but it is ineyitable
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-07-24
SENSIBLE OKLAHOMA.

One vear.s study and note of the
workings of Oklahoma's divorce law
brings out the fact that the great bulk
of institutions for divorce are begun
by wives and that a very small number
are brought by the husbands.
The cry, always faint, but heard at
one time. that the Oklahoma divorce
law was disgraceful has passed away.
Those KanSans in Oklahoma are the
Kansans who left Kansas because of
its intense rabid, frothing minority of
inrolerant cranks. Oklahoma has its
licensed saloons and nothing is ever
heard about il. Although a majority
of the last Oklahoma legislature were
men formerly of Kansas, no bill OF a
prohibitory nature was dreamed OF,
and will never be dreamed of in that
territory. Oklahoma has no more whis-
key than anv like number of counties
in any portion of Kansas, but Okla
homa has a revenue from that whiskey
and Kansas has not.
The reason that there is no prohibit
tory law in Oklahoma is the same rea-
son that there is no objection to an
easy divorce law. That law brings
scores of the people into Oklahoma
from the east, who secure their d.
yorces with little trouble and go back
home again. 1t has not demoralized
the communities of the territory, but
it has certainly helped to sustain the
revenues Of the territory. When Ok
lahoma was settled it was settled by
men who had firmly resolved that they
would not assist in legislating religion
into their fellow men.
As was said above the bulk of suits
in the Oklahoma divorce courts are
brought by women. They are brought
mostly by women of the east, whose
rights are not fully conserved in the
old courts Of the eastern states, and
who know that they can find better
Justice. without delay and widespread
publicity to the proceedings, in Okla
hOma.
Oklahoma should cling to its divorce
law, and its anti-prohibition sentiment.
1t should avoid with equal vigilance
any infringement on the personal
liberty Of it's citizens, for the enactment
of one sumptuary law would retard
the consummation of the glorious
commonwealth it is going to be.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-07-24
IS MANKIND DEGENERATING9

The mysticism of the occult or the
unknowable, the phantastic dreams Of
the prychic, the supposed esotOstical
foulneSS Of the adopts of idealiSm, to-
gether with all the advocates and
authors on dualiStic sex and mentality,
etc, said to be modern inventions and
fads, all. are attributed to race de-
generacy by Max Nordau, a German
Jew, chapters from and reviews of, his
latest books, frequently appearing in
some Of the more prominent magazines
Of America and Europe Of late. Prob
ably the incident which is tending such
an unusual interest in his decadence
or degeneracy of the present civiliza-
ton is the claim that the startling bril-
liancy and seeming superiority of GER
tain later day authors is but a type Of
erratciSm and abnormality which at
bottom Is rOttenneSS. Oscar Wilde,
whose life, character and writings were
cited as a striking Illustration of such
deSeneracy, by his late fall has almost
proved NOrdau a prophet, 1T least has
excited unusual interest in his screed
against claimed universal degenracy
for mankind. Nordau not only holds
that there is an intellectual decadence
but that morality and religion are.
widowed, saturated and weakened.
OF course the German philosopher has
brought down about his head a cyclone
OF protest and of denunciation, but he
comes back at his critics with a vigor-
BUSINESS that is unqueStionably con-
Vinclng numbers Of people THAT he is
more than half right. The current
number of the Forum contains some
chapters from Nordau which will set
many 10 thinking.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-07-24
CARLISLE AND THE INCOME TAX.

Most people supposed that the income
tax died of inanition some time ago.
Secretary Carlisle appears to think diff
ferently. In a recent interview he in
timated that an income tax of some
kind would he necessary TO meet the
expenses Of the government. This is
a surprising departure from the views
expressed by Democratic free traders
when advocating the Wilson tariff bill.
They declared that reduction in the
tariff meant an increase in the revenue,
and that, if they could have their way,
their bill would give the government
all the income it needed for current
expenses.
Mr.. Carlisle has discovered by this
time the hopeless infiiciency Of his free
trade bill In the interview referred
TO he gloomily says, where is our
revenue to come from without some
thing like the English SYSTEM" He
INSISTS that any tariff in the future as
our manufactures progress will be pro-
hibitory and thus prevent revenues
from imports. There would be left
the choice, he thinks. OF an income tax
or q tax on tea. coffee. tobacco, spirits.
etc
As long as the Republican party was
IN power it had no trouble In raising all
the revenues which this country needed
without the aid of an income tax In
stead of the present deficit il furnished
surplus. Instead Of waning indus
tries ii furnished healthful growth and
prosperous enterprises. When the Re
publican party comes into power again
in al departments IL VIII show Mr..
Carlisle that il is not necessary 10
adopt the English system in order 10
produce the necessary revenue.