The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-07-21
THE PASSING OF THE HORSE.
CARRIAGES PROPELLED BY MO-
TORS SEEM DESTINED TO
SUCCEED HIM.

rbev Are Already Popular in Paris
and Americans Are Likely to Adopt
Them SoOn-HOw the Power Is
Generated and Some of the Advan-
,arr~ of the Machine.
From the New York Tribune.
i Almost every one who watches carefully
.,. signs of the times is convinced, since
.5. great horseless carriage race from
paris 10 Bordeaux and return, that the
i ,eyt FAD to strike Americans will be riding
/ either in carriages or on bicycles propelled
4 nv some motor other than horse or human
leg power. When four persons can travel
~ miles over ordinary roads at the rate
of nearly sixteen miles an hour, it may
be safely said that the days of horses are
numbered, at least as practical transport
srs. in this advanced age. But everybody
does not know that there will be great
struggle as to the best means of prOpelling
sbe new horseless carriages. The first,
second. third and fourth prizes al Paris in
,he Bordeaux race were won by carriages
nropelled by one kind of motor. The en-
zine that furnished the power is powerful,
light. and has no such Inconvenience as
steam. with its waste pipes, blasts and
necessities of water and fuel, but 1t has one
disadvantage which steam has not, and
which the best brains in Europe have long
bsen vainly trying to do away with. This
slight inconvenience is what Inventors on
this side of the water are now going to
Try 10 eliminate.
This motor, which has met with much
success in it's adaptation 10 launches in
this country, produces its power by a series
Of explosions conducted in a cylinder or
hot box and brought about by the mixture
al certain temperature, of air and gas.
The down stroke of the piston draws
current Of hot air into the carburetor at
tached to the motor. The temperature of
this current creates the generation of
yapor from gasoline contained in the car
buretor and the mixture of vapor and
air is drawn out of the carburetor into the
cylinder Between the carburetor and the
cylinder a cold air pipe is attached to the
suction pipe, which is opened or shut by
an admission valve 1t needs certain pro-
portion of air and vapor to secure an eff
fective explosive mixture, and by opening
the admission valve more or less, the pro-
portion of this mixture is regulated. The
upstroke of the piston forces the explosive
mixture into platinum tube attached to
the explosion chamber on top of the cylin-
der The platinum tube is heated by
small lamp, the only fire used. 1t ignites
the explosive gas, thus creating sudden
expansion Of 1t. which forces the piston
--ceryFs-srsafh. The second upstroke in the
cylinder exhausts the expanded gases
through an exhaust pipe opened by a valve
at every second stroke only. The exhaust
pipe is opened at the rear of the carriage,
nu1 n ~ dfQa ~nn n hi
p1ors away from the occupants of the
vehicles.
The objection 20 this motor is the fact
that to start 1t one must turn little
crank a half dozen times instead of mere
ly opening a lever or turning tiny wheel
as one one would do to start steam
engine. To do away with the necessity
Of turning this crank TO give the initial
start is the problem, for this motor has
no explosive force on hand requiring a
safety valve as has steam engine. When
a motor of the kind just described is shut
off it is practically dead. There can he
no effort on its part until half-dozen
turns of the crank have sucked in a mix
ture Of gas and air to begin new series
Of explosions in the cylinders.
The interest In the new vehicle is evil
denced by the fact that one of the first
TO adopt it will be the Society for the Pre-
vention of Cruelty to Animals, which
wants a motor of sufficient power to pro-
pei its ambulances. Within a short time
there will probably be two big manufac-
turers of horseless carriages in America.
One of these will be the Motor Company
at Steinway, near Astoria. on Long Isl
and, which has already begun work on
huge factory to be devoted exclusively to
the manufacture of these new vehicles.
The horseless carriage is already familiar
At Astoria, where for some time the We
hicle shown by the company at the Chi
oago exposition has been frequently seen
on the streets. This carriage was used
Tor conveying the visitors and friends of
The factory people to and from the ferry
during the recent strike. This horseless
carriage is hardly a fair sample, as it is
OF only one and one-half horse power, or
ABOUT one-half the power of the winners
a. the Paris race.
II Is expected that within three weeks
new and improved horseless carriage will
De seen at Astoria, the result of German
inventors efforts after a careful study
u me lessons of the trips from Paris to
DoiueauX and back. For one thing, it is
expected that the new vehicle will be ligh-
yer than most of those now in use at Paris.
- Is certain that a new device has been
arranged for cooling the cylinders in which
tne explosions take place. Hitherto it has
peeh necessary to carry on a journey in
- SiltSG uOIStlGSS cartridges dl AtdSb
barrel of water for cooling the cylinders.
-NoW II Is thought that smaller quantity,
ny ny three or four gallons, will be sufficient
me new device is said to be ingenious and
= an arrangement by which the water
uaed 10 cool the cylinders is recooled al
most as soon as it is used and then made
~ pay Its part over and over again The
41a4uty of actual fuel used is not a mat
Ior serious effort at reduction, as only
punt an hour to each horsepower is re-
me Hrst rival in the horseless carriage
go Ilacture to the Astoria factory will be
man with manufacturing plant on the
~, - side of the city, Ansel Livingston
tosHourne who is engaged with G. Emil
'Se, designer with Offices in the Eric
pr I coast Defense Company, at No. IS
.t'o'I"ay, on the production Of a machine
90 can be started with the mere touch
Utton or the moving of a lever, as is
o5 men one wants to start a steam en-
- MI Washburne believes that If this
60 ''9Ih OF a motor which will start itself
:. w. solved there will be great fortune
n le manufacture of horseless carriages
~ eHorts that have been made across
water in doing away with this disad-
nv ssse OF having TO start the machine
l.