The herald., 1895-01-31

PLAZA. hes spread and dropped st.cc g
trunks through the interior valleys and
on she warm foothills slong the great
Sisrrsa even we'll toward the Upper
Sacramento. At Loomis and Penryn, in
Placer county, good groves have been
brought 10 boariug at attitudes of 400 to
600 fsst, whish share seems to be the
limit of practical sncceas. / trust that
l shall have unanimous consent to state
that Riverside has enough Of sold land
to mako one or two common sized
colonies.
At Yuma and In the valleys Of tho
Gila and Salt rivers in Arizona consid-
cradle plant has BEEN established.
Butte and Placer among the north
eounties,s and Porterville at the south end
OF the great valley are now we'll known
in the coast markets as producers. We
cannot tell how long they may yet grow,
but it 10 from south of the Sierra Madres
that the great shipment now goes east.
Here 9S per cent OF the 5000 carloads OF
the present seas9n is new fillia2 to rips
ness ard color.
In regard to fruit from Palm Sp:inSa,
the wriser said: "a few small sua
young groves are there, whose fruit ma
turs, to ewsetsr favor than any l have
tastsd in Panama. Acapulco or New Or
leans. Evan in December thsy are
sweater thar ths California type bsco mes
at aoy season. The fruit of Arizona aud
SAnora reese m bles these. though in Vary
ing dsgres. Those raised in tbs north-
ern districis mature earlier than the
fruit of San Bernardino and Riverside
counties, $50 miles OF latitude farther
south. While this northern fruit ia ears
lier the southern natures aweeter. The
fruit at the south at any given date
Shove less acidity than the other"
Respecting the lemon two points are
of special note. Southwark from Point
Conception the tree tnrives we'll
and the crops are large. In it's case it is
plain that the development Of the
sugars, though desirable, is not sine
qua non; we alsu observe that the ex.
traordinary keeping qualities Of its fruit
makes California the most encouraging.
known field for the development Of this
branch OF production. It has been very
fully shown that properly onred send
stored lemons will here keep year in
good condition. .,.l .-.
Mr.. Cutters paper detailed the spa
oial advantages in climate and soil OF
California Tor the growth and Develop
ment of citrus. fruit.
AT the conclusion of shs reading Of the
paper. President Bsrokmans invited a
general discussion on the subject.
l.. M. Holt, the president OF the
Southern California; Pom biological soci-
ETY., replied to the tive last speakers that
he had been amused to hear for the last
20 years that Southern California fruit
is the best. He said that climate WAS
OF more Importance to the orange cul-
turs here than soil. Climate and culti-
walton are the principal requisites to tho
successful growth OF oranges. He said
that no seotion OF this part OF the state
was juatitied In proclsiming that it pro-
duced the best quality of oranges. First
class oranges can be raissd anywhere in
Southern California, where the mercury
docs not get too low in winter and where
proper care 10 taken in the cultivation.
In Central Californian, whsrs in the fall
the heat is ss high at night as during
tho day, the orangsa are more advanced
than in Southern California, but in the
latter section they catch up in the win
ter. While the oranges ripen in the fall
in Central California when they are yet
green in the southern part, the warmer
climate during the winter hsrs makes
them fit for the market about the same
time.
In regard to the lemon culture, Mr..
Holt stated that the Eureka and Lisbon
lemons are grown here. The former
was introduced from Europe. In some
parts OF this section 1920 per car was
realized from the lemon growth.
INSECT PESTS.
Prof. Riley of Washington started q
discussion on the subject of New Meth
DDS of Fighting Insect Pesta. He said
that he partially treated the subject at
Sacramento, and that California had
done more in the way OF passing laws to
prevent the introduction OF pests in this
country than any other state. He con-
graduated this state that as yet tia
apple and orange maggots nave not made
their appearance here. The greatest
progress made in late ysats i'll fighting
insects is the discovery OF the different
srsenicals. Sulphsts OF lead has lately
been introduced, and in certain sections
has not proved as effective as paris
green, although the former saves the
foliage.
The speaker treated upon the different
emulsisns and waahsa used for the vari-
QUE pestt, and stAtsd that the efficacy of
the washes was not thoroughly eatabs
lishsd. Climate. locality and condition
enter greatly in ths question Of the rem
edy for scale insects. For instance. the
remedy that has proven successful ia
Florida is Intellectual on this coast.
I'm the production of the hest SmYr-
ma figs" said Professor Riley. "certain
minute insects are concerned in man
ner that Ia very puzzling to the lay
mind. The subject OF application is in
fact, most comp Heated and has occupied
the attention OF soms Of the bsst inves-
tigaturs. The term "Aprihg" denotes
one OF the two forms OF this cultivated
fig tres and is commonly, though erron-
eously called the wild fig tree. Caprfi-
cation is botanico-ento biological oper-
alton, consisting OF the transfer of csr-
tain minute insects which develop in
the seeds OF the caDrihg to the fig tree
proper. in order to secure through
these insects the fertilization OF tbs is-
male flowers and thereby the produc-
tien of the edible fruit The usual mode
OF capritication practiced from TINS i'm
memorial in Asia Minor. Greece, Tur-
key. southern Italy and southern Spain
is as follows: On certain day in tn Q
spring OF the year the young figs OF til @
capri6g arc gathered. Two or more of
them are fastened to the end OF a tough
reed aud these loaded reeds are then
laid or dextsrously thrown on the twigs
of the true fig trea.
"Stroug efforts have been made in Cali
fornis to introduce the genuine Smyrna
fig, The trees have grown admirably