The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1895-03-01
ABOUT MANURE.
pwo Addresses on the Above Sub
iect Delivered at a Recent Meet
ing of the Farmers Club"
of Feagaville.


INST, as follows:
THE BEST MODE OF APPLYING MAN
URE.
.Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen:
Iu speaking of the making, saving
aud appl. ing of manure YOU viii note
that / nave dIverged somewhat from
fhe subject as recorded, but L do tins
because we have first to make and save
khe manure b fore 1t eau be applied.
FMS Is "a subject of special Interest to
many of us, who feit tine Importance
and The necessity Of looking after the
manure crop OF each succeeding year
A. closely as any other annual product
hi The farm. | think and feel tnat our
only hope of SUCCESS as farmers o, to-
dav rests upon our ability to have our
karns in a highly productive Condition
h. that u gwen amount of labor aud
expense incurred in the growing OF a
er1p may give us greater returns than
heretofore. AS for myself, am awake
to tue Importance of the subject, aud
study with keen relish all the ques-
HONS Connected with the Increase of
eoil fertility, aud find stable or Uaru-
ward manure to be one Of the greatest
Factors to that eud with which we
have TO deal. Now the questions arise,
b. what extent may one 20 III trying to
increase his store of manure; how
should it he handled; how and where
Applied. These ale questions upon
NnIch there is a diversity of opinions.
As to the first question, how far may
oIego to Increase the store, etc, do
hot feel competent TO say, but L do
mink that We all might and should go
much farther than the average farmer
does, in order to increase the supply OF
manure by Il judlcious management of
All fam stock, in the way OF stabllng,
liberal feeding, bedding, ETC., which
Will, while increasing the supply of
manure, add to the improvement Of
the condition and producing qualities
Of the stock in question. According to
q bulletin of the Cornel station, the
manure from 900 TO- horse, literally
fed and bedded, is worth $27.74 per
year This, of course, seems very high
10 us, but we must take into consider
alton that these figures represent all
the manure; none being lost 10y leach
ing or evap ration, the manurial value
Of the bedding Included. 1t is further
Bald, this sum only represents the COM
nercal value Of the nitrogen, phos-
phOrlc acid and potash contained in
the manure. But we all know that
manure has another value, that is, it's
mechanical effect upon the soil, and
ths is not, by far, the least consider
alton, as any soil, to be productive,
pust have a certain amount of man
pre- incorporated with it. Therefore, |
Rdd, that we might still go much far
her profitably, by converting into
manure all straw, weeds, leaves, corn
etalks, saw-dust, sOds, road-dust, muck,
etc., or anything that is an absorbent
and that will readily decompbse under
proper treatment. Then to the next
Question, "How to handle, how and
Where to apply manure" Prof. Rob-
ers says: 1.-The new idea is that man
snre should be as carefully preserved
from unnecessary waste AS any other
product of the farm" | think the
proper handling and care of manure
before 1t is applied to the soil, is of
much greater importance than many
oi usseem to think. Much of the manure
pnade on the farms in this county re-
ceve no care at all; being generally
Thrown from the stables into the open
yard in piles, there exposed to the rain
and snow, to be robbed of very large
#percentage of its manurial value, wait
ling to suit the convenience of the own
Ter To haul il to the place where wanted.
which time often extends pretty well
pinto the spring months. | think,
takmg into consideration the difficulty
ot saving manure from loss by leach
pug, evaporation or otherwise, there is
no better way of handling 1t, where at
bl practicable, than spreading il where
wanted as fast as made. Manure is
ure To- lose, to some extent, its strength
wheh Kept either under cover or open
II sheds. | believe it is strongest when
Ilrst made; then if we apply it to the
grass helds six months, "a year or even
Pliore, before being plowed under, |
CLAIM we will receive far greater re-
tufns III that way than by any other
course we can pursue. | think there is
ah undue amount Of fear among most
farmers that manure will leach off a
neld. | admit that under certain con-
ditlons there will be considerable loss
IN that way if the ground b. very hard
4 frozen when spread, and hard wash
ing rain should come before the ground
thaWs, especially on rolling land, but
40 not believe il would be as great as
the same manure had been subject to
Tue same conditions in the open yard,
*rNen with the teaching from the above
PAUSE There will be the additional
advantage of having the work done
mheh there might he other pressing
uutles TO be attended to. In support
" my claims for manure applied in the
aooVe way, Is the increase in the fol-
oWlhg grass crop. A very much
s'iohger growth of roots il formed to
DC plowed under together with the
manure, which by this time has be-
come sufficiently decomposed to be-
S"n.e incorporated with the soil, pro-
ducing that much needed element in
llost Soils from which we will receive
sleater returns for our labor aud ex-
pehse' Next, should | apply manure
a.ny other way than above stated
II would be as a top-dressing of any
reasonably fine manure, either for corn
Vr wheat. Further, do not believe in
.ne very common practice of heavily
,nanurlng a small part of field and
eVtlhg the othar go without any, but
~ making the supply go as far as pos
e'o'e by evenly aud thinly spreading
accordlng to the supply. l think this
Is subject upon which volumes might
pc written, but have endeavored to
vnly hlnt at the leading ideas, leaving
ne subject with yourselves to study
put and draw your own conclusions.
MR.. John f.. Phleeger expressed
''nself on the above subject substan-