davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

Ii ne one profession do ali the sciences
and mechanical arts contribute so much
and aid so materially in its progress and
development as in the profession of arms.
All the researches and painstaking labor
of the chemist and metallurgist are turned
to practical use ty the gunmaker or the
powder manufacturer. The discovery Of
any new metal or alloy of metal is at once
turned to advantage either to construct an
improved engine OF war, or to replace or
tighten an equipment of the soldier; and
4 glittering and alluring field is spread be-
fore the inventor in many directions.
Vast sums of money are each year APP
proprlated by Congress aud expended un-
der the direction of the officers OF the
army and navy for experimenting with
and testing all manner of inventions and
devices which are calculated TO render IL
easier for a country to reduce its foes TO
submission, and private enterprise Is
stimulated by offering handsome premiums
for superior productions.
The same state of affairs prevails in all
the more important European countries,
with the result that the soldiers profess
sion stands to-day marked by signs of
great progress, which evidences a spirit
and energy very commendable and praise
worthy in those public servants to VIII ON
a country is won't 10 entrust its safety,
honor and integrity.
In few lines has the progress been so
rapid and marked as in the evolution of
the modern high-power gun. The require
ments Of warfare have been constantly de-
handing e gun that will throw with great
accuracy and penetrating power and at
long ranges. and this has led to the aban-
doning Of the castirOn smOOthbores
AS ships began to be protected with
armor of improved manufacture it was
found that the round castiron projectiles
would fall from the sides Of a vesse
harmless as peas. but the quinn akers
we're equal to the occasion. Several things
were needed-a metal of great elasticity
and homogeneity out of which to construct
a gun which would bear the intense strain
thrown upon it by the large charges of
powder necessary and projectlles of elOn-
gated form and of sufficient hardness and
penetrating power to pierce the plates OF
aTmOr carried by the large battle-shipS.
Atten ton was early turned to steel, but
not until the at of steel-making had ad-
vanced sufficiently TO enable the forging
of large masses CO MD guns be successfully
made out Of it.
AS the art of making high-power guns
advanced the art of making impenetrable
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07
A SPURIOUS OLLIE TEALL.
The Real One Nearly Got Thrashing
Meant for Wicked ImDersons,or.

The Real One Nearly Got a ThraShing
Meant for Wicked lmpersonator.
One of the penalties of greatness, as
Ollie TEAL has found out, is having ones
name used without warrant and in cir
cumstances which are apt to result IN
pleasantly to the proprietor of the name.
Since Ollie has injected himself into poll
tics, with a view of subsequently, injecting
himself into the Street Cleaning Commits
sionership, all sorts of sayings and doings,
of which he is entirely innocent, have been
attributed to him. A few days ago, as lie
was sitting In his office in William street,
an excited stranger entered. The stranger
was big. So was the cane which he -four
lshed excitedly as he demanded of the
darky at the door:
SIS Oliver Sumner Teall here?"
Eyes. sir; he's here" said the man. did
you want to see him on busness?"
"See him Oh business!" cried the visitor,
shuck;ng off his oveIcoat and doing pas
seul in front of the astOnished man. II
want to smash his head. | want to break
him in two. | want to step on his face
and Jump on his stomach. and fall on him
like stonewall and pulveriZe him to
atoms. / want to-wOwP concluded the
stranger. venting all his feelings in snort
of concentrated rage and disgust.
Meantime Mr.. Teal, who had been sit
ting at his desk in the corner. got up and
prepared to retreat just as the ratified
doorman exclaimed:
There's Nm lister Teall, r-r-r-right
there"
Two skips. hop and leap brought the
irate man TO the up-and-d0wn-toWn poll
tician.
"Now I've got you," he cried, raising
his cane.
Now I've got-why. you aren't Oliver
Sumner Teall," he broke off, his law dron-
"Y-y-yes. l am. That is, n-n-no, Pm
not. stammered Ollie. 81 mean it's Just
as you say"
AT this the visitor cooled down and sat
down. He introduced himself as the Sec
rotary of prominent uptown club, and
said that he had come TO wreak vengeance
upon a man who had insulted him ana mis-
wife. He. supposed this man to be Ollie
Teall. The insult occurred ON BROOKLYN
trolley-car in which he and his wife were
riding, A crowd of men in evening dress
got on the car and began to swear and use
bad language. From their conversation
the club man gathered that they had
just come from dinner of
Finally their conversation became so out
rageous that he appealed to The conductor,
who put hem off. AS they flied out one of
them said, pointing TO the man who had
made the greatest disturbances:
you'll get into trouble for this. Do
you know who that is2 That's Oliver
Sumner Teal"
So the clubman looked up Ollie's address
and came around to thrash him. only TO
find that be had the wrong man. Now he
is busy looking for the right one. But the
strangest tart of the whole thing, Ollie
say. is that anybody should mistake aUy
other man for him.-New York sun.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

mounted than upon any other class Of
military improvement.
The difficulties are manifest when the
obstacles 10 be overcome are considered.
The weight of the 12-inch breech. loading
steel gun Is 81 tons, the weight OF the pro-
1ectile 125 pounds, and upon being fired
there is generated q muzzle energy OF
$1,000 foot-tons. The weight of the 10
inch breech-loadng gun is 80 tons, of the
projectile 1000 pounds. giving a muZzle
energy of 10000 foot-tons. The energy of
recOil is equal to the forward energy of
the projectile. and this is the chief diff
Guilty to be controlled, but even this OBJ
stacle has been overcome with the greatest
success, and the resulting carriages are
wonderful pieces of mechanism. Indeed.
there seems no room for Improvement in
some of them, but In this age it is hardly
safe TO make such statement.
One of the best carriages Is shown in the
accompanying illustrations, first in its fir-
ing position, where it is ready to be fred
over the parapet, and second in position
for loading. The recoil Of the gun is
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07
GREAT SOCIAL UPHEAVAL.
What James Keir Hardie Believes
Now Threatens England.

James Keir Hardie, NJ. p. labor leader and 8
strong advocate for the rights of the masses as
against class privileges believes thas great
social upheayal Is not far distant He writes
from London on his favorite subject.
In this country the social question Is de-
veloping rapidly. The people are sick of
politics ana the Independent Labor party
promises in the near future not only to
hold the balance of power between Lib
erals and Torres, but to SO organize the
working class vote as TO compel a coalition
of the property-owning classes for the de-
Tense of their properly.
The Independent Labor party seeks to
socalize our industrial system by the free
use of existing stitutions-municipal and
imperial. In this it corresponds to the
socialist parties on the Continent, in
America, and the labor parties of the col
onies of Great Britain.
The outlook is far from hopeful for the
workers. Trade is depressed; markets are
narrowing. and the capitalists becoming
more rapacious.
The most clear-sighted men In England
are convinced that unless there be some
drastic reforms made in our present in
dustrial ENTHUSIASTICALLY in the way of
organizing our unemployed labor in pro-
ductiye capacity-we are within measurable
distance OF great social upheaval.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07
A WOMAN ENGINEER.
Mrs. Mason Can Run a Locomotive
as Well as a Man.

as well as q naOs
Mrs. Alfred Bishop Mason is probably
the only woman in the States who can take
out a locomotive. Certainly, she is the
only society woman able to accomplish
this feat, says the Philadelphia Times.
When her husband was vice-president of
one of the Florida railroads Mrs. Mason
always went with him on his annual trip.
She had been. as girl, intensely inter-
ested in machinery, aDd it was with her an
Unsuitable desire 10 take an engine over the
road.
And she learned to do it In fine fashion.
She began by gaining thu permission of
the engineer to sit in the cab with him !;
not doing anything but swinging on and
familiarizing herself with its swing and
the work required for its movement
She says this was one of her most
thrilling moments-to be able to sit with
her face toward the wind that almost en-
quilted her, peeTing out into the darkness
that rushed past. and being blinded by the
glare of the great fires as the furnace doors
swung open 10 be repleniShed.
Her next lesson was learned at the
whistle. Then at the bsllcord, and soon
these two functions were left entirely TO
her hands.
AS train drew up to station in Florida
where Mrs. Mason was waiting the en-
gineer and fireman Immediately made room
for her. She knew every one by name on
the different locomotives and they all
knew her. Proud was the engineer when
his cab contained the bright wife of the
Vice. President.
Her seat on the bench near The window
was known By the telegraph operator aud
station-hands as the engine came up, and
all mad pleasant greetings for her.
So, In time, she mastered the more diff
cult tasks, those that required nerve and
skill, and she could take an engine from
the Atlantic to the Gulf of Mexico as we'll
as an old engineer. And these latter were
very proud Of her. One of the oldest men
on the road remarked TO her once: when
ever your husband gets out of job, Mrs.
Mason. just come down here and wen put
vOu nm in the uDion -
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07
RlA-. 9 Jutl. OA~A
Corresponding Secretary National Amer
lean Woman Suffrage Association,
Woman's Progress in Canada.

Looking backward over a period of
twenty years and comparing the present
prominent position in the public mind of
the so-called woman question" with the
past indifference toward 1t, as we'll as
ignorance of its real meaning, Canadian
women are much encouraged and look
hopefully forward TO the future. AS
regarded higher education, twenty years
ago hers was brave and courageous
spirit who dared face the ordeal of a
university course, even though the privi-
lege was then granted to women. Ridcule,
Ia clearance and even insult were too often
the portion OF the wOmanly asprant to col
lege degrees. And yet there were even then
timid women courageous enough to meet
and overcome all these obstacles, In the
end carrying off with flying coors the
hnnorS 50 dearly earned.
To-day throughout our land women are
holding many positions of trust-as princi-
pals in ladies' colleges, specialists in col
legiate Institutes and high schools, and as
doctors, with large and lucrative practices
The number Of women studying med cine
is sreadIly increasing, as is also the demand
for their services. both at home and 10
foreign lands. where. as medical mission
aries, their sex and essiOD al skill prove
an ''open sesame" ia all missionary efforts
among women.
In the legal profession, however, Canada
has only lately admitted women to the
study of law; but no sooner was the
privilege given than fifty young women al
once presented themselves as students.
Our business colleges have in training
about an equal number of both sexes. and
it is found that women, as book keepers on
accountants, are quite as successful as
their brothers.
The question of full franchise for women
is being eagerly and systematically ke pit
10 the forefront, but as yet municipal
suffrage to unmarried women ana widows
marks the extent of advance in this direc.
ton. This privilege, however. is being
made use of more and more each year. and
liz January, 1894, in the city of Toronto q
woman was elected chairman Of the Board
of Education-a new departure for Can
ada.
Last year in the Canadian province OF
Nova Scotia bill to grant equal suffrage
10 men and women was lost by only one
vote. So you see they are nearing the
mark and, like King Bruce's historical
spider, they are sure TO win in the md.
A great impetus has been given 10 all
lines of effort for the advancement OF
women in the active sympathy and earnest
cooperation of Lady Aberdeen, the noble
Christian woman whose husband Is our
present GoverD0r-General.
Largely through her agency National
Council for Women" has been organized
in Canada, thus linking together all worthy
societies OF women by whatever name
known.
And so united we women Of Canada are
hopefully pressing forward. keeping step
with our sisters across the line, as with
others still farther away, in the glorious
march onward to enlightenment and lib
erty!
M~1<hu,
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07
where three are under contract to be ready
fnr FIRING NV 1nlv 1SQ5

where three are under contract to be ready
for firing by July 1. 1895.
To solve the problem presented, the
high explosive must, by some means or
other. be rendered sufficiently non-sensi-
tive to shock as to in sure the certa nty
that no explosion will take place until the
she'll carrying it arrives at the target.
Emmensite and explosive gelatines have
been MANIPULATED so that pistol and rifle
balls can be fired into them without any
resulting explosion, but those testing them
when actually used in shells are careful to
seek secnre cover before the shot is fired.
Probably more real mechanical ingenuity
and Inventive genius have been displayed
in the construction of carriages upon
which the large high-Dower guns are
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

Ger IS abnormal growths of peace soon to
be swept away by the rough tests of war;"
were disastrous failures, in some instances
only few rounds having been fred before
IT was found necessary 20 Condemn the
gun. This failure and the constant in
crease in perfection in powders aud pro-
jectiles have resulted In turning attention
to medium calibers, and three OF four
years ago no armGr on any ship afioat
could resist penetration By the best armor-
piercing projectiles fred from guns of eight
and ten inch caliber.
Now aTmOr has once more forged ahead,
ana the nickel-steel plates treated with
different face hardening processes are more
than match for their corresponding pro-
jeciiles.
There is still a disposition to make use
of the 110-tOn monsters in land service.
but in the United States no high-power
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

it may be assumed that the shock will be
sufficient to eventually disable the man,
but few instances have shown that II is
otherwise with flesh wounds.
An English surgeon records two cases of
ace dental injury from 30-caliber bullets.
In one case the man struck was one mile
and 800 yards from the firing point and
was shot through the fieshy part of the
right thigh, the bullet having rlcOcheted
twice before striking il was picked up
and found to be undefOrmed. The man
did not fall when struck, nor did he know
be was seriously hurt. In the other case
the man struck was 100 yards distant from
the nrer. The bullet passed through the
feshy part Of the thigh without touching
the bone. He was not knocked down, nor
were there any serious symp oms of
shock. The assumption Is that the bullet
did not deform materially.
II is safe to say that the stopping effect
OF the 30-calbeT bullet is less than that of
the 45-caliber, except, perhaps, at very
This inferiority makes the bullet less
efficient in this connection at short ranges,
and whether it is to be trusted to repel a
charge of cavalry can Only be determined
by experience in actual warfare.
Some foreign experiments conducted in
France and England show that the effect
of the small-caliber bullet on the bones of
a horse is appalling. these bones being
harder and more resistant than human
bones, thus breaking I'D the prOjectiIe more
easily.
1t may be presumed that even flesh
wounds will eventually disable the
soldier so that be cannot be brought up t o
the critical zone of the combat. Whether
the stopDiDg power of the small-caliber
undeformable bullet is sufficient actual
experience will only show, and it may be
opcluded that it found lacking in this
important requisite it will not be retained
on the score of humanity.
j. d. MILEY,
First Lieutenant Fifth Artillery, u. S. A.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

utilized IN bring ing the gun 10 the second
position, the motion being so dellcately
controlled and checked by hydraulic and
pneumatic buffers that bucket OF water
placed on the upper platform just under
the gun will descend with the gun with
out spilling. After loading, the gun is
raised to the firing position bv hydraulic
power with so much ease that only three
or four men are necessary. The gun ana
carriage weigh over 100 tons, yet are so
delicately pivoted and adjusted on live
rollers that man with one hand can move
this immense weight in revolution, point
ing the gun in any direction.
In field artillery there is much effort to
provide shelter for the caDnoneers by
travelling turretS or shields, but little has
been effected. Much has been done to in
crease the raDidity of the fire by putting
the powder charge and proJectile together
10 aItridge, as in small arms. This oh
tains in calibers from inch to inches.
the weight placing INIT at this point.
There has been practically no opportu-
nifty to compare on the battle field efficlen-
cy of the new small-caliber rifle with the
old laIger-caliber arm. At first the pro-
jectle in he new gun was simply LEAD.
and lost its shape on striking, producing
frightful wounds, but now all the projec-
tiles are jacketed with hard substance,
as steel, nickel and German silver, and the
result is clean cut through the opposing
bone or tissue.
Bv the substitution of the small caliber
bullet the severity of the wounds inflicted
is greatly lessened. and On humanitarian
grounds the change of caliber is to be de-
sired. The stopping effect of bullet, or
the shock produced by IT.. seems to depend
on the loss of the energy experienced by
the bullet in its passage through the body.
A bullet jacketed by hard substance will
not deform and has less stopping effect
than a deformable one. Especially is this
so with flesh wounds. When a bone is
struck, even if clean perforation be made,
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07
WOMEN AND THE BALLOT.
The Equal Suffrage Movement in
Canada and New England.

Mrs. Ellen Battelle Diptrick Of Cambridge.
Mass, is the corresponding secretary OF the
National American Woman Suffrage Associa-
ton and an ardent worker in the cause. Her
field has been largely In the New England
States.
Alice Morrison has taken an advanced stand
for the political emancipation OF Canadian
women. She writes over the signature PhRDe
WOman's Position in New England.
The labor report of Massachusetts for
1889 states that ''of every sixteen partners
engaged in manufacturing and mechanical
industries in this State one is woman, ="
1850 women being thus engaged. In the
same industries over 1000 of the stock
holders are females, over $4,000 being
males
In 1866 only ten women were recorded
as ''authoresses" In Massachusetts. In
1885 the census gives "4G female authors"
and 377 ''literary persons" In 1865 there
| were only 4S physicians; in 1885 there were
335. In 1865 there were only 60 artists; In
1885 there were $751;
The Boston University offers the adj
vantages of both its law and divinity
schools to women students on the same
terms on which men students are admitted,
but Harvard still refuses to open either It's
law or divinity schools to women. The
only prominent religious denominations
which ordain women for the ministry are
the Unitarian and the Universalist.
Only five of the Eastern States allow
women any exercise of suffrage, and that
only school-suffrage; though. in Massa-
chusetts, women hold political office as
postmistress. police matron, superinten-
dent of women's prison, director on board
for in sane hospital, school for fee ble-
minded, trustee for State Almshouse. State
Lunatic Hospital. S ate Board of Educa-
ton, State Board oil Lunacy and Charity.
Commissioner OF Prisons. Library Com
missioner and Trustee Of State Reform
Schools.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

armor from STEEL hardened by different
processes, has grown apace, each stimulat-
ing the other.
At present all the guns, from the rife in
the hands of the infantryman to the large
seacoast guns. as we'll as the carriages
supporting the field, siege and seacoast
ordnance, are made of steel. Steel plays
q very important part, for when it is put
through other processes and hardened
after secrets known only to the manu-
factuTer it forms modern armor, and by
the addition of cromium and manipul ted
by secret processes it is used to manu-
facture the projectiles used in piercing the
aTmor.
few years ago the tendency was
toward high-pOwer guns of very large
caliber. the largest ones weighing 10 tons
with ealiber If 16A inches and mounted
on English men-of-war These guns,
tersely described by an English naval Of
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

gun above 12-inch caliber has been con-
structed, and though a 14-nch and 10
incn gun have been designed there seems
TO be no immediate probability OF their
construction.
For turrets in sea-coast Notifications
there is pract cally no limit TO the thick
ness of the armor, but there is in protect
ing the sides and decks IF ships, and lack
10 thickness must be compensated for by
hardening the outer face of the armor so
as to break up the projecfiles on impact.
But let the gunmaker impart higher
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

evil was about to befall them. Presently
they bali opened their eyes and peered
around in open-mouthed amaZement.
When they had become accustomed to the
sunlight they elevated their heads. To-
ward shutdown they broke into chorus OF
joyous brays. After quarter Of an hour
of that music they took to kicking, jump.
ing, whiring around like teetotums and
rolling in the sod as If they had gone mad.
The sun and pure air were more to them
than food. and they refused everything!put
before them to ea.-St. Louis Globe
Damnnrat
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07
Astonished the Mules.

Six mules that had for tour years hauled
cars in the lower workings of the Spailand
coal shaft were brought up to-day. The
mules in all that time had seen no light
stronger than the flicker of the little Davy
lamps the miners carried. The sun was in
its zenith when hey reached the surface.
The astouished mules closed their eyes
to shut off the flood of strong lighr, and
kept them tightly closed while they were
led to the pasture lot mile distant and
turned loose. There they stood trem-
bling as If they were afraid something
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

The revenue OF nations. raised mostly
by taxation, has trebled since 1850, in
creased over five times since 1910 and fif y
five times since $780,
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1895-01-07

BLANKBooKs. pens, Ink, pencils. writing
paper and envelopes. good and cheap. San
born, Vail & Co.