davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

sas and three in Maryland-at Antietam,
Loudou Park and Annapolis; two in Geor-
gia; two in South Carolina; two in Texas.
two in Florida, and two in the District of
Columbia-at the Soldiers Home and on the
battle-ground and one in Alabama and
one in West Virginia. In the North and
West, four were established in Illinois;
three in Missouri; one in Iowa; two in Kan
sas; one in Nebraska; two in Indiana, two
in Penns ylyania; two in New York; two in
New Jersey; one in California; one in Mon
tana; one in Indian Territory and one in
New Mexico.
In many places else where, especially in
New England, and in the States Of Illinois,
Ohio and Indiana, the Government pur-
chased burial plats of limited extent and
inferred therein both Union and Confeder
ate dead. For example, in cemetery
near Alton, H., there is plat in which
are buried ,304 Confederate prisoners,
and in Oak wood Park, southeast Chicago,
where the monument is to be dedicated on
Thursday, the Government owns a large
tract, in which are the graves of nearly
5000 Confederate prisoners, who died in
confinement at Camp Douglass. Like
wise at Rock Island, ILL.,, is Govern
ment lot in which 1928 dead Confederate
prisoners repose, aud there are similar
plats containing Confederate dead near
Columbus aud Johnsons Island, O., which
the Government keeps in repair
ARLINGTON THE MOST BEAUTIFUL
The Northern cemeteries, except those
10 Missouri and that at Gettysburg, far
removed as they are from the scenes of
battle, were established mainly for the
reception of the remains Of those who died
The Washington times., 1895-05-26
FLOWERS FOR THE DEAD.
Keep Decoration Day So as to Kindle
the Fire of Patriotism.

Keep Decoration Day So as to Kindle
tho Fire of Patriotism.
When the mothers aud sweethearts and
wives show themselves enthusiastic for
America, proud OF her traditions and
jealous of her houor, the men will not be
found laggards.
No better time could be chosen for the
exhibition of such interest than Decora-
tiou day-uever could it find more graceful
expression than by placing natures love-
liest types Of immortality upon the graves
of those who having forfeited their lives
for their country, have a claim upon the
grateful memory, of every man, woman
and child, who have benefited by the
sacrifice
There is a patriotic little matron living
in New England town, who boasts OF
coming Of soldierly lineage, and who, in
anticipation of Decoration day, gathers
her small brood about her to listen to
thrilling tales of heroism aud self-sacrifice
-chronicled during the civil war-thus
educating future patriots. She has taken
pains to learn something OF each name
craven on the soldiers monument OF their
own town, and the story OF the lives or
deeds of valor Of those meu are as house
hold words
The devoted little family are up with
the first streak of dawn on May the
3Oth, to gather wild flowers-full Of
enthusiasm about doing honor TO their
fayorite heroes.
1t is a pretty sight to see the little pro-
cession march down the village street,
laden with flowers and flags. The youngest
toddler feels the dignity OF his position as
he stumbles along under a mass Of bios
SONS as large as himself. AS they pass
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

In the Federal hospitals, and in other cases
of Confederate prisoners OF war who had
succumbed TO wounds and disease. inus
In the jefferson Barracks National Gene
terry, in Missouri, there are l Jog or such
Confederate dead; in the Woodawn Ma
tional Cemetery, near Elmira, ~ l., there
are 2 1868, aud at Firms Point, N. j.,
there are JOG. Atothers OF the national
cemeteries, notably City Point, Va, Loudon
Park, Md, and Arlington, Va, there are
further long rows OF Confederate graves,
each marked with its little headstone
Four Of the national cemeteries con-
tain the remains OF soldiers other than
those of the civil war, one being that 10
Gated near the City OF Mexico, established
back in 1 S51, aud three others being used
solely as attachments to frontier military
posts in the West.
The most beautiful OF all the national
cemeteries, and the greatest as regards
the number OF identified dead, is that
on Arlington Heights, overlooking WASH
inton. 1t contains 16 ,565 interments-
l2,216 known, and 4.349 unknown. On
par with Arlington almost, in public
estimation, are the national cemeteries
at Shiloh aud Gettsburg-the Shiloh
metropolis containing 3,597 tablets, and
that at GettsbuIg just five less But the
biggest national cemetery in point OF popu-
lation is the Vieksburg where 16 ,633 heroes
sleep. Y ct the one at Fredericksburg isgreat-
est and most melancholy of allinthe number
OF its unknown-12,7S6 out of q total of
1924 Next 10 Vicksburg in the number
OF its unknown is the mournful inclosure
at Salisbury, n. c., the site of the old
Confederate prison camp, where, out or
12,137 interments, all but e 2areunknown.
The Memphis cemetery contains 1888
graves, the Andersonyille, Ga, 1902,
theChattanooga 13 ,05S, ,theChalmette, La.
12,640, the Jefferson barracks 1852,
the Marietta, Ga, 10,160. and then fol-
lowing, in lessening numbers of inmates,
are the remaining National cemeteries
containing 10000 graves-Beafort, 5. C.,
Hampton, Va, Richmond, Stone River,
Tenn, Poplar Grove, Va, Coriuth, Miss,
Little Rock, Ark, City Point, Va, Mound
City, H., Cypress Hills near Brooklyn, N Y,
Antietam, Nd, Winchester, Va, Florence,
S. c., Woodlawn, N. Y, Finu'sP Point, N. j..
etc.
Asa matter of chronology It's interesting
to know that the observance of Decoration
day first originated in Richmond, Va, witha
littel band of New England school teachers,
on May 80, 1866, and wasadopted the next
year, 1867, by Confederate women
throughout the South, to be systematized
the year after, 1868, as Grand Army
ceremonial by order of Gen. JohuA. Logan,
thencommander-in-che until, ,itspopularity
becoming general, the day wasmade legal
holiday in all the Northern States, aud so
observed in tie South by the Confederate
Veteran Association.
JOHN D. CREAIER.
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

there was caught between two fires, the
enemy opening up and her comrades re-
spending She secured the provisions,
though, and returned unhurt. After the
army went into camp at Harrison's Land
ing she resumed her old duties of postmaster
and when the army left the Peninsula
came to Alexandria with her company. The
company was sent up the Shenandoah Val
ley and she went to hospital. She rejoined
her command, though, in time to take part
in the second battle of Bull Run. She was
at Fredericksburg and at the battle acted as
orderly for Gen. o. NJ. Poe.
About the middle of March, 1868, she ac-
compauied her company to Kentucky. Here
she was debilitated by the chills and fever.
She applied for a furlough but it was re-
fused, aud fearing that her sex might be
discovered she deserted. She reached
0berlin, Ohio, some time In April, and for
four weeks were the costume of private
soldier. Then she went back TO petit
coats again and has never been in disguise
since Civil life had too fe W attractions
for her and soon after she returned to hos
pital duty once more under the auspices
of the Christian Commission at Harper's
Ferry. She remained in the Department
of the Cumberland during the remainder of
the war That she was able to so long
hide the secret Of her sex has been to
soldiers O great wonder.
The second authentic case on the records
Isl not so interesting. The heroine was only
able to remain in the service sixteen weeks.
Her sex was then discovered, she was sent
to the hospital, and as soon as cured sent
home She enlisted under the name of
Charles Freeman. When discovered she
refused 10 give her correct uame aud she
left the hospital mystery.
Charles Freeman was member of the
Fifty-second Ohio, aud was sent to the
general hospital, at Louisville, Ky, No.
vember 10, 1862 The diagnosis set
against his name was sexual incompa tibil-
ity and remittent fever" December 13,
1862, Charles Freeman was discharged "as
woman in disguise as soldier" In the
War Department this diagnosis is regarded
as the gem of the hospital records. These
two are the only cases of women, disguised
as men, entering the army, that are known
on the records. There may be more, but
If so, the department know ws them not
Col. F. C. Ainsworth, chief of the Rec
ord and Pension Office, where all the
war records are kept, believes but few of
the stories which come to him now and
then of women as soldiers. You have
mentioned all the authentic cases on our
records he said. "Of course, there might
be others, but we have never come across
them, and l have given strict orders that
careful search must be made. Governors
of States may have given commissions to
certain women-they could do rs they
pleased; but no woman, as woman, was
ever mustered into the service oil the govern
JOHN L. STEELE.
The Washington times., 1895-05-26
Wh6ro Services Ere Held
On Decoration Day
The Federal System of National Cemeteries Includes
Eighty three Enclosures Where Lie Nearly
Quarter of a Million Silent Heroes

information the work was begun with
thoroughness and method.
Many thousands OF bodies were removed
from the places of their first tnterment and
brought together in the new cemeteries
Such bodies as had been buried in the near
vicinity were inferred there first, and then
those collected from the surrounding terri
tory, within a radius OF forty miles. Re-
movals were also made i'll great numbers
from the hospital burying grounds in near
by cities and towns so that the remains
could be better cared for at the central
points.
Owing to the wide area over which the
operations of the war had spread, the col
lection and removal of remains were found
TO be exceedingly laborious. Frequently
bodies were carried many miles in wagons
over rough country roads, and the search
for lost remains in tangled swamps and OBJ
scure mountain passes was attended with
much difficulty.
H0NORED, BUT UNKNOWN.
But the faithful agents to whom the work
was entrusted did not finch from their
gruesome task Pains were taken TO pre-
serve all the memorials OF identity found on
the remains. but in thousands of cases
there were no marks by which identified
ton could be effected. This was par
ticulariy the case with remains found on
battle fields most disastrous TO the North,
and notably so in the prison at Salisbury,
N c., where all records of interments, If
any existed, had been lost.
So vigorously, however, was the work
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

prosecuted on the whole, that by the end of
the year 1868 seventy-two national ceme
teries had been founded, and in them, in
connection with $40 local cemeteries in
various localities, the government assumed
change OF 316, ,233 graves Since 1868
eleven additional national cemeteries have
been planted, with II ,459 more graves,
making to date eighty-three, with an ag
gregate sleeping population OF $50 ,692.
or these $50 ,692 soldier dead, the names
of 100 ,223 Union and Confederate are
known, their names having been preserved
or ascertained, and engraved on their head
stones. Concerning the remaining 140 ,469
1t is only known that they died fighting
in The Union Armies, and the sole inscrip-
ton that could be placed over them was
Unknown United States Soldiers
In Virginia, the great theater of the war
in the East, it was found necessary to lay
out sixteen different national cemeter-
les at Arlington, Alexandria, Culpeper,
Fredericksburg, Staunton, Hampton,
Richmond, Glendale, Seven Pines, Win
chester. Yorktown, Poplar Grove, Balls
Bluff. Fort Harrison. City Point and
Cold Harbor. In Tennessee and Kentucky,
the chief battle grounds In the West, thir-
teen more were establshed-seven in Ten
nessee and six in Kentucky. Four were
planted in North Carolina and four in Louis
lana; three in Mississippi, three in Arkan-
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

dead heroes" and with reverent hands
proceed to cover each little mound with the
lovely blossoms
A wee sister OF one Of the Young women
added last year on Decoration Day-a new
petition TO her evening prayer-that God
would please tell the soldiers all about it"
1t may not have added TO their rapture
even TO know that they are not forgot
ten, but to the living, 1t must be an en-
couragement to know that, should they be
required to answer with their lives for their
countrys veal, their dust shall be held
sacred. BURTON KINGSLAND.
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

decked profusely with flowers, bound fol
Goods Acre"
There is nothing theatrical IN the dis
pIay-the purity OF their purpose shines
in their eyes, and there is a well-bred
dignity and mOdeSty about them, that
commands the respect of everyone.
Arrived at the cemetery they unfuri G
little blue banner, upon which are the
words, "a grateful country honors heT
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

these very airs as a vent for their enthu-
siasm, or perhaps TO reanimate their cour-
age or stifle homesickness.
1t is to the sons of such mothers that the
country may look for patriots when dan
ger threatens.
In another town a dozen young girls,
who, upon graduating from school, banded
themselves together ito try to make the
world little brighter and happier for
their being in it," teach a very pretty
"obiect lesson" OF patriotism. Upon each
Decoration Day they drive through the
principal streets N carriages filled and
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

hospItal service afterwards. She came with
her regiment to Washington, stood guard
and picket duty and drilled with her com
pany until the regimental hospital became
filled with cases from sunstroke and otner
causes, when she was detailed for hospital
work. She found, though, she could light
and when the sfok were sent to city hos
nitals. and preparations made for the march
to Bull Run she joined her company ana
went along.
PLUCKY AND TRUSTWORTHY.
All during the fight she remained with
her comrades and did her duty like the man
she was supposed to be. When the Union
Army retreated to Centerville Heights,
stacked arms, aud threw itself on the
ground, as she supposed for the night, she
went into the stone church, which was used
as a hospital at Centervflle, and became so
much engaged in doing what she could for
the wounded and dying that she forgot
everything outside the hospital.
Before she knew it the entire army had
retreated to Washington. She escaped uh-
der cover of the darkness, and made her
way alone to Washington, reaching camp
twenty-four hours after her company. Her
GOODNESS on this occasion, and her general
good conduct as q soldier, led to her detail
shortly after as mail carrier to the Second
Michigan, and subsequently postmaster and
mail carrier to- the brigade TO which the
Second Michigan was attachea. IN tnls
capacity she went to the Peninsula with
Gen. McCIellan army, and remained
there ms postmaster aud mail carrier all
through the campaign.
During this disastrous campaign she bore
herself bravely and well. While yorktown
was beseiged she carried the mail on horse
back for the brigade, from Fortress Monroe
letters, papers ana packages, averaging
from two to three bushels each trip-the
distance being about twenty-five or thirty
miles. Owing to- the conditions of the roads
she was often compelled to spend the nights
along the roadside. When she first began
her trips it was reported that the BUSH
whackers had murdered mail carrier on
that road shortly before and robbed the
mail. The report seemed to have some
foundation for in the most lonely part she
found the ground still strewn with frag-
ments of letters and papers She was at the
battle OF Williamsburg but was sick when
the battle of Fair Oaks occurred with the
chills and fever.
sOLDIERY ENDURANCE.
While the army lay in front of Richmond
the floods frequently carried away the
bridges over the Chickahominy and the
young mail carrier was more than once
obliged to swim her horse across the swift
rushing stream Often she sat in the saddle
drenched for hours, sometimes remaining
all night by the roadside watching for day
light to pick her way through the danger
GUS mud holes through which the mule
teams had wallowed. She was in the seven
days fight crossing the Peninsula to the
James river and more than once barely es-
capped with her life.
At one place she was ordered to secure
----- stores from farm house and while
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

along other children are apt to join them,
and all are welcomed who viii bring a
contribution.
When beyond the limits of the town
they seek the outlying cemeteries, they
all break forth into singing as they tramp
along, shouting Justify the old war songs,
under the leadership of the sturdy little
mother, whose warm heart thrills with
the thoughts that the "brave boys sang
The Washington times., 1895-05-26

Go to Pen Mar on Decoration Day with
Columbia Commaudery Rate S1.75.
Train leaves B. s. o. R. r. depot at S:15
a. m.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1895-01-10
BRAND THE CLAIM AS FALSE,
Worlds Fair officials Expose a Pre-
tender toan Award.

CHICAGO, Ill.,, Dec. l2.-One Of the
odd results of the Worlds Fair is the
claim now made to awards by some
who were not even exhibitors. Off
cials Of the Exposition have not as yet
taken final action in the matter, be-
lieving the quick wit Of the people
will detect the spurious claims. But
to the case of a New York baking
powder, that has been widely adver-
Using an award, the attention OF the
Chief Of Awards Of Agriculture, has
been directed. lie brands the claim
Of this pretender as false, declaring
"Neither the records of this depart
ment, nor the official catalogue Of the
Worlds Columbian Exposition, show
that this New York Company was an
exhibitor; consequently it could not
receive an award at the Worlds
Fair
Those who fairly won their honors
at the Fair seem disposed to treat this
fraud as any other fraud should be
treated. The Price Baking Powder
Company, Of Chicago, having recelv-
ed the highest award, say they are
convinced their claims, and those OF
all other holders Of rightful honors,
will be fully vindicatcd by the public
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1895-01-10
RECENT REFLECTIONS.

Mrs. M. H. Rice, OF Vine Creek,
sister-in-law of Mr.. and Mrs, A. W.
Rice, was stricken with paralysis
Monday and is very low.
WIN. BY, who had been i'll week
at the Montezuma hotel, Solomon,
was found dead in bed Saturday. lie
has resided at Solomon three years,
driving bus to the depots.
No man in America, probably, is
more thoroughly posted at first hand
on the Armenian question than Hon.
4. C. Little and the REFLEcroR's inter-
view with him on another pfge will
attract wide attention,
The Fraternal Aids new officers
are: W. A. Long, P p; W. S. An
derson, p; f. Keller, V. P; S. Roth.
schlld, treas. A, l.. Russell, sec'y; \
Duckworth, g.; II, Hasshagen, 0. G.;
J. Thornburg, |. g.; D. Matteson, 0.
P. fenton, NJ. P. Shearcr, trustees.
john W, Garten of Willowdalt
has brought suit against his wife,
May Z. Garten, for divorce on ground
of abandonment. He says they were
married Aug 10, 1886, and she leil
him July 49, 1892. Two boys aged
and 6 live with the plaintiff and hi
asks their custody.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1895-01-10
Co mmissioners' Doings.

The county commissioners have
been in session since Monday morn
ing. In addition to routine business
they have ordered the refundlng OF
the following erroneous taxes; A..
Zahner, $79.SG; G. R. Schilllng, Her.
ington, $50; East Abilene Town Co.,
SS7.l5; Cooper 4 White, s50.s5i Her
lngton Town Co., ss432; Abilene
Town Co., 1886; ?. sheeran, 1869.
Eighty acres in 29-l2-S, Hayes town
ship, having been omitted from tax
roll was ordered placed thereon.
Glenn Bell ordered given credit for
erroneous assessment in Cheeyer, the
same personal property having been
assessed in Whcatland.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1895-01-10
Betsy and ] Are Out,
Draw up the papers LAWYER,

Draw up the papers lawyer,
And make 'em good and stout,
For things at home are crossways,
And Betsy and are out.
It's only very little thing
That's a-partin' Of us twol
! buy my shoes Of Davis,
And she's GOT to go there too.
And il she don't, | declare to you,
I'm going to git up and git,
I've allus been boss Of the roost at HON,
And I'm going to be boss yet.
II Betsy don't come to terms today,
And get shoes at Davis store,
I'm going to leave without delay,
And I'll not come back any more.
Conclusion next week.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1895-01-10
In The Beginning

OF the new year, when the winter
season Of close confinement is only
half gone, many find that their health
begins to break down, that the least
exposure threatens sickness. 1t is
then as well as at all other times, and
with people even in good health, that
the following facts should be remem-
bered, namely: that Hoods SarSapa-
rilla leads everything in the way of
medicines; that it accomplishes the
greatest cure in the world; has the
largest sale in the world, ndrequires
the largest building in the world de-
voted exclusively to the preparation
Of the proprietary medicine Does
not this conclusively prove, II you
are sick, that Hoods Sarsaparilla is
the medicine for you to takcP
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1895-01-10
Public Sale.

The undersigned will sell at public
sale on the farm of G. zook, 5 miles
north Of Abilene, on Wednesday, Jan.
80, 1895, beginning at 10 o'clock, the
following property, to-wit. 2 work
mules A and s years old, 2 mule colts
! and 2 years old, | horse colt 2 years
old, IS head mich COWS some Of which
are fresh others coming In soon. |
Grade sbortborn bull. 4 2-year old
heiters, 8 steers from 6 months to 2
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1895-01-10
ABOUT PEOPLE.

$. y. Duff Of Hope was in the city
John Harmon of Garfield was a Wis
itor to the county seat.
Benjamin Peters and David Rock
two Of Navarre's estimable citizens
were county seat callers.
j. B. Pray, of Banner township,
was a pleasant caller at REFLECTOR
headquarters. We are always glad
to see Joe, he is one of the old timers
in south Dickinson and a jolly good
fellow.
Mr.. and Mrs. d. W. NALL returned
from their eastern trip to Maryland
and number of the large cities OF
the Atlantic coast. Much as they
enjoyed the visit they are glad to get
back to Abilene.