The times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1882-1897, 1895-03-29
The Permanent Pasture.

ment or modern agriculture, or at
least Of the agriculture of the country
east of the Missouri, when there will
be no permanent pastures except on
lands that are untitled for cultivation,
says Farm and Dairy. In the more
densely populated parts of Belgium
where agriculture has attained it's
higest development, there arc no pas
lures except on such lands, and fields
of this character are called "prairies."
With pastures, fences disappear, both
the pasture and the fence belonging to
the transition state of agriculture. We
are far from being ready to tear down
our fences and throw our fields into
one, feeding green forage in stables
or yards only, nor are we ready to
Danish the permanent pasture to lands
untitled for rotating crops. 1t were
better, however, that this were done
than to waste land in growing such
permanent pastures as are found on
many farms.
No permanent pasture should be sat-
isfactory to its owner unless it will
support in an average year one COW
per acre for seven months in the sea-
son. This, Of course, implies first
class land. This is nearly, if not al -
gether, twice the usual yield. If, there
fore, the yield of permanent pasture
/ can be doubled it is evident that the
! profits will be more than doubled. The
/ fencing is the same, the taxes the
same, the interest on the value of the
land the same, and any increase in
yield, less the expense involved in Sc
curing it, is clear profit
/ One of the main reasons why farm
ers do not have permanent pastures
such as we have described, is that they
do not have clearly defined ideal in
their minds. The ideal permanent
pasture is one that furnishes a con-
slant succession of bloom from early
May until the frost nips the flowers.
This can be secured only by variety
of grasses, and as great variety as
possible and blooming in as many diff
ferent months as possible
Herein lies the difference between
the permanent and rotation pastures.
From the latter must be excluded the
grasses that require years to secure q
good stand, as, for example, blue grass
grasses Of which the seed is costly,
as, for example, tall meadow oat
grasses grasses that form tussocks, as
for instance, orchard grass, and grass
top. Three varieties or four at most
are about all we can grow in a pas
ture under rotation. The permanent
pasture should have orchard grass, as
far north as it will succeed, because it
gives the earliest bite and stands
drouth better than any other except
alfalfa; blue grass, because it gives
the latest as well as the earliest bite,
and while a drouth will give it long
sleep through the scent of water it
will bud" as the old prophet said. The
permanent pasture should have tim
othy because of it's value as forage,
and its capacity for storing up susten-
ance in dry time in bulbs on its roots,
while clover and alsike should have
their places and red and mammoth
should always occupy prominent posi-
lions. TO these may be added red top,
but only in northern sections, mea-
dow fescue when it succeeds well, and
tall meadow oat grass If seed can be
obtained at a reasonable price.
One can readily see that with this
variety Of grasses an almost constant
succession of bloom can be obtained,
each plant being at it's best at the
blooming period and occupying more
than it's share of the soil. For exam
pie, the other grasses give way to blue
grass in the fall, while it finishes it's |
spring work in June and rests until the |
fall rains.
Not the least advantage of such a |
pasture is the fact that it furnishes the |
variety which Is the spice of food as |
well as the spice Of life.
To no man Is such a pasture so val
liable as to the dairy farmer-variety |
gives richness to the milk and flavor
to the butter. 1t gives luxuriance to
the pasture during the entire season
and enables the cow to fill herself at
an early hour and lie down in peace
and quietness to chew her cud and fill
the pail to overflowing both night and
Warm and Contented-T am not
Itch enough to furnish feed to warm up
ny cows out of doors, so I prefer to
Keep them in the barns where they will
De warm and contented.". That is the
of successful dairying,
warm and contented.". No man can
all to follow this Injunction. Now
AXE the manure out of the barn at
east once a day, and twice would be
better. 1t costs no more labor to re-
move 1t twice day than twice month
while the purity Of air in the stable will
lift you long way toward becoming a
irst-class dairyman. The dirty man
Who does not object to rank smells can
lever hope to succeed. Manure is bet
er for the land IL hauled out and
pread every day than If allowed to lie
nd rot and become a nuisance around
he BARN.. s. Woodward.
Butter by the Ton.-Thirty cents a
'ound for first class butter, does not
ound high, but it means $50 hundred
weight, and $500 a ton. Some private
lairymen are selling their butter for
hat price in the Chicago market, and
ONE have got as high as 35 cents per
'ound. But this requires the produc-
ion Of uniformly good article and
he use of a personal brand to insure
Is recognition on the market. The
armer that makes dairying an import
mt part of his farm economy, lays the
oundation for permanent prosperity.
Colored to Defraud.-In as natural
Dior, "oleo"is white, but by a little
utter color II Is made so nearly like