New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1895-11-20

|
ceipt of the formal invitation extended 70 me to be
present at the l27th annual banquet OF the chamber
OF Commerce supplemented by the speSa, nS'd hoD
contained in your letter OF November D. IN me hope
| that might be able TO accept the courtesy 30 co'
daily rendered. a.n,r. ;,o,,
and the members of the Chamber that It T9u19 GINS
pleasant opportunity to meet so many of my oil
| personal friends and business associates Nor
Ta@ 6e Hct that am 3 ~'
throughout the State among persons having business
the Executive days. and a number of official en-
eagements had already been set for that date NO.
please convey the members Of the Chamber and
| them and my hopes that the occasion will be found
ENJOYABLE by all who have the good fortune 70 De
OUR DOMESTIC COMMERCE."
Mr. Horn next introduced United states Sena
| tor julius C. Burrows. with the remark that
| he a member to the Chamber, and
one whom they would hear speak for the first
time at assembly under the auspices Of the
| Chamber upon the theme Of our Domestic
Commerce" The Senator spoke earnestly. and
was listened to throughout with that careful
attention which the subject demanded He
| said in part:
a review Of the beginning and development of
our commerce. both foreign and domestic, presents
one OF the most interesting and instructive chap
trade is closely interviewer with our whole Nationa
NE WAS the fruitful OF he unrest nto 9nd
was not the inspiring cause, OF the Revolution; II
Confederation and was a most potent factor in
the formation and establishment OF our National
of these epochs viii show concusively how the
question OF trade entered into and Influenced the
public policy. Take as an example the era Of the
Confederation the eight years Of our history from
bodied in the Articles OF Confederation. though de-
| ntn hot he
| continuance, a bond OF perpetual discord. Such
| which conferred the General Government only
the shadow OF authority While reseryns TO me ne
defect was more garng or contribute more di,
OF the Confederation than the Withholding from me
General Government exc usive jurisdiction over me
saSGSt to- the sae each for ITSELF the
| adoption OF such trade regulations as might seem
vance It's own selfish Interests. The result was that
each state acting as separate ann innep , h
| foreign nations or imposed such restrictions on
foregn commerce as woa pest Ifeg 10 obcr
| As a consequence, there grew up body OF trace
various as their conflicting interests and as nu-
merous as the States. Not only this. but the states
| inaugurated commercial warfare among thein-
selves utterly destructive to their domestic trade
| ATTEMPT TO REGULATE FOREIGN CON-
MERGE.
| In 1875 the Continental Congress made an attempt
to regulate commerce with foreign nations and to
| that end appointed a commission to enter into a
| commercial treaty with Great Britain, but at the
| very threshold OF the negotiations the commits
| sion was confronted with inquiry as embarrass-
| ing as it pertinent The Duke OF Dorset SAD;
II have been instructed to learn from YOU gentle
men. what is the real nature of the powers with
| which you are invested; whether you are mere h
received separate powers from the respective state
The apparent determination OF the respective Ststrs
| 1t absolutely necessary toward forming perma-
| men; system of commerce that my court should De
| Informed how far the COMMISSION can De uuiy du-
| thorized to enter into any agreement with Great
| Britain which It may not be In the power OF any
one OF the States render totally useless and In
| serted that our National Government sprang from
commercial necessity more than from any Other Other
eight years of experience under the confederaton
Of the Constitution Of l7a stripping the States s,s, of Of
all authority over the subject OF c9mmerTe ether
lodging 1t exclusively with one general supreme
The limit of the power thus conferred has prob
| ably never been reached or definitely determined
| ton and commensurate with the requirements of
| trade is beyond doubt or controversy; applause
That it can follow our commerce through every EYER,
avenue of trafic, whether on land or sea, guarding
and protecting IT with ceaseless vigil and nn,
challenged is established by an unbroken Inc
| Of judicial determination and the unquestloned
| practice OF the General Government 1t reaches
and controls not only the object Of commerce bnt
exercises supervisory care over all the instruments
merce is something more than trade In to
attempt to limit commerce TO buying or selling or
Marshall said. Commerce undoubtedly is traffic,
but 1t is something more: IT Is intercourse ana d. Is
| regulated by prescribing rules for carrying on that
| ~ has been suggested even that 1t power
broad enough TO regulate the currency Of the coun,
try as "a sound currency Of universal and equal
credit is essential to the enjoyment Of the Just ad-
| But be that as 1t may. 1t is power sunicen.y
comprehensive to embrace not only the objects ana
| instrumentalities OF commerce. but to construct,
and make safe the hshwaSys over WmSe
| thoroughfares digs canals. dredges rivers deepens
waterways opens and improves ths course
OF channels and contributes with lavish mana rad u.
the prSmotor a ,han @ has been expended
| IN The Improvement OF rivers and harbors
| WISDOM OF THE FATHERS.
But in nothing the wisdom OF the fa'ners mort
| clearly exempied than in taking from the ',A.e'
all control over the subject Of commerce ana ious-
ing IL exclusively In the National Government lhs
step was especially advantageous to the CROWN ana
| deveopment of our done site trade Touching inter
| state commerce il swept away State lines ana opened
| a National highway stretching across the continent
as broad as domain over which our dom nG &c
commerce might pass unshacked ana unlinpeleu ~
the marts OF trade More than this. not only Is such
commerce exempt from all state control p hod Of
! NOT within the DO Of any individual or pody Oh
men 10 obsruct its passage or inpeqe lts Pios
With trade absolutely ushacknd bstT 1 exte nf
and nexhaqstible IN resources Dg %naer
the sun with nnumerabe avenues opening to every
centre OF Industry and trade is 1t any wonder that
h6 nTe the %aa of h mas age pase
| one hundred and eighty thousand miles OF railway,
| entering every State and Territory and penetrating
10 the centres OF Industry and trade present sings
| highway OF commerce over which In ne year lo'o
there were moved 5 46 $50 tons of freight distance
Of 20 $50 OS, go miles and CPS &5973 passengers over
| an aggregate mileage OF 1916 7!l,S3
| Taxa another channel OF trade--the great lakes
| embracing within their coast lines OF 5000 miles
| more than one-haf the fresh water area OF me
! globe The measurement OF vessels OF every de-
scription on the lakes June &c. 1894, was LIT W tons
| more than one-haf OF the total tonnage under the
| american nag and 80 per cent OF the total steam
tonnage OF the United States all engaged In ,he
| commerce OF these great inland seas. The magn-
! tude OF this commerce may be judged from the fact
that more than 100000 tons Of freight passed
through the Detroit River during the last season OF
navigation, while the freight tonnage through the
Sau} ste Marie Canal In 1894 was l325O,UW tons
oSooOO tons more than passed through the Suez
| Canal