The Irish standard., 1895-08-03
WORD HISTORY.
Compiled for the Globe-Democrat.)

Il
Refer once meant only to carry back.
Confer was originally simply to carry
with. ~
Concur formerly meant to run with or
by the side of.
Duke once meant any leader. The word
is from the Latin.
Hag once meant any old person, wheth-
Drachm once meant neither more nor
less than handful.
Gallon was originally a pitcher or jar,
no matter of what size.
To loiter originally meant nothing more
than to walk slowly.
Carbuncle at first meant nothing more
than little glowing coal. =
The word worship originally meant
nothing more than to honor. as.s.s
Neighbor was originally nigh boor, or
the nearest residing farmer.
Craven was at first a man who had
craved or begged his life OF an enemy.
Voyage was formerly any journey,
whether by sea or land it did not matter.
Farewell originally signified may you
fare or travel well or in safety. &
Polite at first meant polished, and was
applied to any smooth, shining surface
A boor was at first only a farmer, and
the present acceptation of the expression
IS an indication of the contempt formerly
felt by city people for those residing In
Pragmatical originally meant nothing
worse than complete absorption In bus1-
ness affairs. 80
good-by Is an abbreviation of an old
English form Of parting, GOD be with
you until we meet.
Villain once meant the serf who be-
.longed to the farm and was bought, sold
or exchanged with It.
The word tomboy, now applied TO
ride Young woman, formerly meant q
rude young man or boy. >.
Adieu formerly signif1ed to God. IL
was an abbreviation Of q benedlctlo1l
used by friends when parting. , -.
F,,rlong was at first furroW long, OF
E+he distance that a pair of oxen would
plow in half an hour.
yaeabond was originally only a trav-
eler or person who went from pace ~
place with or without a definite object.
StiRrnatize originally meant simply 10
brand, and in the days OF shakespeaIe e
the farmer was said to stigmatize MS
sheep.
Shrewd once signified evil or wicked.
Thomas Fuller uses the expression a
shrewd fellow" meaning wicked man.
The word prevent Originally meant
othing more than To so before. 1t Is
used in this sense in several places in the
Scriptures.
Moonstruck is borrowed from astrol-
osy It formerly described one who was
driven mad by sleeping in the rays OF the
The word hoyden, now applied exclu-
sivelv to noisy young woman, formerly
denoted a person of like character, but OF
either sex
Euuiyocation, a word now applied to
any evasion, was once understood TO
mean the calling OF diverse thlhss ~
the same name. Ss
pack at first meant a basket or recep-
tacles for grain or other substances The
axnression at; first had no reference TO
Starye was once to die any manner OF
death, Wycliffe,s sermons tell how
.Christ starved on the cross lot the re-
dernption Of mel.
me word tinsel once meant brilliant,
shining Milton uses it in this sense
when he speaks Of "the tinsel-slippered
feet Of Thetis.
cnlv an unbeliever, an inf1del Joan OF
Arc. in the literature Of her time, was
called niscreant
Meddle once .signified ito concern ones
self with, It is SO used in the Scrip
t1Ires where the expression occurs
,..ynef11le with vollr own business =
Acre once meant any held. It is still
1scd with this signific canoe by the Ger
mans, who speak Of Gods acre, alluding
to the cemetery .4 ~ s .45.;. il.
Benibast once siGnifed the cotton Ythat
was employed to stuff stu garments, partlc-
gnlarly the enormous trunk hose worn IN
the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries
Meat once meant any kind Of food. IN
one old English edition of the Lord 8
nrayer the Well-knoWn petition is rem
dercd, .'Give us this day our daily meat. 4
Ternagant was formerly 9 squarrelsor.,e
person Of either sex. and only the. lack. OF
t,aes