Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1895-02-13
The Cause Of War.

A correspondent of the New York
Sun writes to ask the following ques-
ton of that paper:
please tell me the treaty broken be-
tween China and Japan in the Korean
war, and the definite cause of the war"
The Sun answers as follows
1.-THE treaty of Tien Tsin, made in
1885 by China aud Japan. In 1884, in
December, there had been an uprising
ed by the Chinese; and in it many
Japanese residents were murdered and
the japanese legation burned. By the
treaty of Tien Tsin Korea was com
PEELED to pay an indemnity to Japan,
the chinese officers were 20 be punish
ed, and both China and Japan were to
withdraw their troops, neither power
to send them thither again without
preliminary notice to the other. The
two powers had long been at odds over
Korea, China claiming suZerainty over
the country. but allowing Korea to
make treaties. &C., as an independent
power, and Japan refusing to recognize
China's claim. In May, 1894, China,
without notice, sent troops into Korea
to put down peasant revolt; Japan
promptly sent larger force, anG took
possession of Seoul. In July Japan
proposed certain reforms. the ultimate
result of which would have been to
weaken the influence of the Chinese
faction of the Korean Government.
China refused to co operate in bring
ing about the reforms SO long as the
japanese troops remained in Korea
Japan then decided to carry them out
alone. They called for thorough
changes in the civil administration, in
the laws, in education, in the military
system, and for the commercial de-
velopment of the resources of the coun
try. On July 23d the King OF Korea
accepted the japanese proposals and
declared himself independent of China;
and on August Goth Korea and Japan
made treaty, to last during the Chi
nese japanese war, of alliance and
mutual support. On August Sd Japan
declared war on China, for the reason
that the latter's course in Korea men,
aced Japan as we'll as the permanent
peace and prosperity of the East. The
Chinese declared that japan had brok-
en- treaties"
A GOOD SUGGEsTIoN-Col. Thomas
Whitehead, the Commissioner of Agri-
culture, calls upon the people who de-
sire immigration from the Northwest,
for example, to form local associations,
for the purpose of promoting it by
furnishing information to those who
are looking toward Virginia and by
facilitating their Investigations. He
says that 1t is simply impossible for
the Agricultural Department of the
State to do the correspondence neces-
sary, to take charge of the persons who
may come to examine, to show them
the lands and help them to secure
homes. We think Col. Whitehead's
suggestion is good one, There should
be associations in the counties which
could keep in correspondence with the
departments, and could then take
charge OF the matter for themselves
when they found immigrants ready to
start from their old homes for Virgin
ia. to locate in this softer climate 1t
is simply a question of DO you want
tue immigration ?'' If you do there is
a plain way to get it. There is some
little work to be done, and some little
money to be spent. The people of the
north west are coming this way. and
they are naturally going to look at
lands where they meet with the most
friendly and favorable conditions for
their investigation. They are going
to settle where they find the most
promising localities aud the cheapest
lands.
Immigration. in the first place, went
TO the great northwest and west, rather
than to the south, because of the artifi-
cial agencies which were employed to
steer it in that direction. Now, when
ir iS n hOnt tO mil nm md cooly nj hor
fields. having discovered it's mistake, it
is going to move along those channels
of the least resistance, or of greatest
facility This is usr as natural as it is
tor water to run down nili, and if our
people want the immigration, they
must at least remove some of the ob
suacles in the way of volunteer investi
gators, and make it easy for men to
reach our fert,le lands for investments
and home building. Attention should
therefore be given as Col. Whitehead
suggests If we do not want the immi-
grafton then We need not make any eff
fort for it. Other states can get it. as
they doubtless will-Norfolk Land
ma7 K.
Many of the Southern people who
suffer Jrom the RESULT of the war be-
tween the States. when the matter is
called 20 their attention, wonder why
certain eX Confederate camps and Ger
tain Southern newspapers, while intent
upon decorating aud adjoining the
battletields in the South On which the
Federal troops gained victories, seem
never to have conceived the idea of
beautifying any of those on which the
Confederates were successful. If any
battlefield of an internecine war should
be adorned. which all wise men deny,
why not the first, as we'll as the last ??
And certainly If heroism in such a war
is to be COMMUNICATED, that displayed
at Bull Run, where smaller numbe
of raw volunteers routed the whole
and larger Federal army, and would
have captured Washington if permit
6ed to do so by their commander, is
more worthy of it than Appomattox,
where, four years later. few worn
out, half-staryed Confederates, ill arm
ed and with no ammunition, surren-
dered to well conditioned army, that
outnumbered them twenty to one.
The war is over and gone, and so should
be its battlefields AZea,0n1TiU Ga