The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1895-09-17
second phase OF the great campaign, and
the final was about 10 be enacted
CLOSE OF THE WAR.


naming lines of communication between
Richmond and the South. This forced the
Confederates to detach large numbers OF
their troops from their works. and while
thus weakened the Army of the Potomac
assaulted and carried the lines in front
of Petersburg on the 2d OF April 1856. The
fall of the fortifcations around Petersburg
opened TO the Union army all the lines OF
communication which the Confederates had
10 the South from Richmond and forced
the evacuation of that city. A race was
begun by the Confederates TO get beyond
the Army Of the Potomac and Sherdan's
troopers TO join Johnston, and so possibly
overpower Sherman's army. Sheridan sue
ceeded in heading Lee of and in forcing
him from the railroad where his supplies
were. while parts of the Army of the Po-
tomac and the James followed and pressed
Lees army in the rear until the 9th of
April, when he was nearly surrounded at
Appomattox Courthouse ana his position
<was such that he was forced TO surrender.
with the fall of Richmond and Peters
burg and the surrender of Lee the main
prop of the Confederacy was broken. and
all that was now necessary was 10 gather
resistance was useless. these armies asked
for terms which were granted, and thus
ended the third and last phase of the great
ut is undoubtedly pleasure to you TO
know that the whole campaign was di-
rected by an old member of the Army of
the Tennessee, while he gave his imme-
date and direct attention TO the left wing
of the army around Petersburg and Rich
mond. The successful and brilliant move
Quoted by an officer whose early expert
ence had been with the Army of the Ten
nessee-Gen Philip II. Sheridan. And the
right wing of which the Army of the Ten
nessee was so important a part. was d.
rected and controlled by another comrade
of the Army of the Tennessee-Gen. Will
lam Tecumseh Sherman. Thus one sees
that the Army of the Tennessee had. be-
fore the. end of the war. to furnish the
commanders Of all the active columns.
II may here mention a very gratifying
circumstance: When 1 had the honor of
meeting the great German, General Won
Moltke. at Berlin in 1873, he said 10 me:
Il have learned and profted much from
studying the campaigns OF the Union army
during your civil war. and made use OF
France, especially in attacking field artil-
lery.' This was surely high praise for our
army, and 1t has caused me to study the
great campaigns OF the world, from which
study / have been convinced that there
have been five great epochs In modern
aFirst-The thorough organization of
armies forced upon civilization by the in
vent.on of firearms.
'Second-The division of the organiza-
ton into small equal unAs-companies and
regiments-for the purpose of rapidity OF
''Third~The massing Of these smaller
units into greater ones-brigadeS and d.
visions-which are stronger, either for re-
sistance or attack, than the same number
of men organized only into companies or
''Fourth-The massng of artillery to
break up the brigade or division organize
ton, in order to weaken line of battle
before an attack in force.
.Fifth-The mode of attacking such ar
tillery by clouds Of skirmishers and silenc-
ing their guns, until the mass behind could
advance and seize upon them. This mode
OF warfare was inaugurated by the Army
of the Tennessee, beginning at the battle
of Belmont. and improving in each sue
81 koff oh hxy N
fall of vicksburg when it had reached the
climax Of perfection and formed an epoch
of war.
FOREIGNERS DISAPPOINTED.
"Since the foundation of the government
of the United States the world has looked
upon American institutions as an expert
ment Most of the thinking people abrbad
believed institutions to be too liberal,
and democracy. to be rope Of sand TO
break upon the least strain brought upon
it, When our civil war broke out all for
eigners thought that the time had come
when the republican form of government
would be proved failure. The result or
the war not only disappointed such people.
but it established the fact that the repub-
lican form of government could stand the
greatest strain that could be brought TO
bear upon it. Not long afterward some of
the foreign nations ISIS seized E the Sop opportunity
liberal insttutions in their own countries.
Russia abolished serfdom and France be-
osnized in Cuba or AsT Brazil; l. the thu later latter has
already become a republic and the former
(Cuba) Is on the verge OF becoming one
also.
I'm some respects our civil war was a
great blessing to our own people and In
stitutions; for. while our country had been
a republic before the contest began. the
liberality of our institutions had been only
for white people, as the four millions of
slaves under, white masters in the South
can testify; but as the great and fearful
struggle progressed republican institutions
became more and more respected. and
after the sturdy arms-bearing yeomanry of
April, 1850, there was not a State missing
from our Union, nor was there in our
country master or a slave.
comrades, that my father, General Grant,
was greatly distressed, in the year 1884,
when he found that ill-health would pre-
vent his meeting you at your reunion in
Minnesota You then invited him TO make
the grafton the following year, when you
were to come together at Chicago. Deep.
his physicians of your invitation and
learned from them that he would proba-
bly, never again in this world attend an
other reunion OF the Army OF the Ten
nessee: but up to the last moment of his
life he cherished the deepest and most
heartfelt affection for you; his dear COM
rades and Oldest friends. With his name,
this love for the Army OF the Tennessee is
my inheritance.
Music was interspersed through the rro-
gramme. 1t was furnished by an orchestra,
the Loyal Legion quartet and by Mrs. Mary
Logan Pearson. "The daughter Of the
Army of the Tennessee" Her singing OF
the "Star-spangled Banner was the musi-
cal feature of the evening.
as soon as he had done speaking. General
in introducing him. men,
toned him the probable next President.
He had just come from a dinner given
him at the St Nicholas, at which Mark
Hanna and others were present All the
speakers at the meeting were applauded.
Governor Mckinley came In for a very
large share. Col. Fred Grant received an
ovation when introduced. the applause con-
tinuing a minute a more. He was gen.
erously applauded at the close of mis- ad-
dress Only the officers and speakers for
the evening occupied the stage. sharing
Il with uniformed military companies. Gen.
Howard occupied a box. all others formed
a part of the audience.
At the business session this morning
Gen. d. B. Henderson reported $94, 900 Sc
cured for the Sherman monument at
Washington. and 5000 promised by the
G. A. r. The following deaths were re-
Lieut.. f. p. Toby, Maj. George p. Hogan.
Mai c. H Dyer, Gen. w. Q. Gresham.
Maj J.. w. Paddock Omaha:
Capt f. II. Webster, Denver; Capt T. H
Griffin ST. Louis; Gen. Mason Brayman.
Kansas City; Mai. Frank T.. Peats, Rock
ford. ILL.,; Col. Z. c. Dawes, Cincinnati;
Lieut. Oliver Anson, Council Bluffs. and
SIX PEOPLE KILLED.