davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

In his address to the graduating
class at Vanderbilt University, Nash
Vile, Tenn, Hon. Chauncey N. De-
pew said: "The great opportunities
of our country are in the South. The
flood of immigration for fifty years
has sought the West, Northwest and
Pacific coast. In the South we find,
as nowhere else, the original stock
which fought at Cowpens, Kings
Mountain and Yorktown. The intel
ligent patriotism of the Southern peo-
pie in the last quarter OF century
has overcome difficulties which seemed
1nsurmountable. The young men OF
the South have no call to tempt for
tune in the crowded cities Of the
North and East. At their own doors
and within their own States are their
missions and their careers. Be not
deceived by the glitter of wealth as the
sole measure of success in life. The
r,oment that in your chosen vocation
you are sure of an income beyond the
requirements of modest living you
area success. All the rest is cumula-
tive" ="
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

gentle pull on it; then it touches the
end of the animals nose or upper lip;
and that mere touch, which should
not be increased much, does the whole
business.
Mr.. Small's contrivance consists of
q simple head strap, properly braced
and coming down between the horses
eyes and nostrils, to it's end in the
shape of sort OF little metallic up
per lip. This latter little piece OF
metal, only about two inches long and
not half an inch wide, is humorously
called "trolley bit" Its curving
side-ends, like m ordinary bit, are 20
devised thata very slight, gentle pull
on the reins brings the trolley bit"
against the tip of the horses nose.
In complete absorption in the study
of new experience the horse may be
driven right up by the side of noisy
locomotive, or OF gong-banging troll
ley car, that presents to the horse,
under ordinary circumstances, the
sinister aspect of a moving, perhaps
q living thing, going without any visi-
bic means of compulsion; and in his
strict attention to the new sensation
at the tip of his nose he will take no
notice of the car, of the locomotive.
The queerest thing of all is the fact
that no amount of use or familiarity
with the nose-toucher arrangement
seems to lessen the horses interest
in IL
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

TIE business men of Boston have been
giving attention of late to the conditions
which surround the foreign and domestic
commerce of that port. There has been
some talk in the newspapers OF BOSton's
dccaying commerce." and it was perhaps
the sting of this unwelcome phrase which
led the Chamber of Commerce to consult
concerning possible means of improving
the harbor, and induced the Boston Adver.
tiscr to make careful comparison of the
city's foreign shipping with the marine
traffic carried ON from other principal ports.
The Advertiser claims that Bostons COM
merce is not decreasing, but is, on the
other hand, showing al annual rate OF in
crease more creditabc than can be claimed
by New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia,
New Orleans, or San Francisco. Review
ing the facts collected and giving COM
plralive results, the Advertiser says:
!. Boston, which had an annual commerce
of $50 ,OOO, 900 in 1875 shows Sl1O,O0O,.
600 for the first ten months of the last
fiscal year, and $ll3,000,O0O for the cor
responding period for the present fiscal
year, or 50 per cent. more than the ann.
ual total of twenty years ago. E'en Ne"
York, the only other port to show any In
crease OF commerce since 1894, can show
but 10 per cent increase over its 1879
totals. On the Otl,cr hand, Baltimore .nan
can show but 35 per cent, Phlladc Sl,ia
30 per cent. New Orleans decrease VI IL
Der cent. and San Francisco an increase
of about per cent, as compared with the
annual totals for 1875, and if an earlier
date were taken, the showing would be
still more creditable to Boston"
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21
TuOs.sJ. ADAMS PROPRIETOR

On the opposite side Of the Monon-
gahela River, and three miles below
Braddock, are the Homestead works,
made famous by the strike and riots OF
1892. Armor plates, beams, ETC., are
the principal products of this plant.
The armor mills are now practically
shut down on account of no work.
The company has finished its con-
tracts for Government work, and IS
now ready to make armor for any for
eign Power. In the structural mills
the employees are getting out on order
of 81, 900 tons OF beams and girders
for the Manhattan ''II" road system.
Since the armor plate frauds it is
almost rs bard to brea into the
Homestead mills ms it is to get out OF
Jail. No one is admitted without
pass, uniformed guard standing as
sentinel over q bridge at the main en-
trance. AS the visitor who is fortu-
nate enough to secure a ticket ap-
proaches the mills from the yard the
whole interior appears to be filled with
n shower of gold. From the mouth OF
the converter, q fan-shaped flame OF
vast proportions sweeps roofward. and
from this comes the torrent of fiery
sparks which sweep high in the air,
and then fall on the earthen floor,
kept continually covered with water.
On narrow ledge ct the far side OF
the building, high up in the air, and
directly opposite to the converter"
stand three inen, the "melter" and his
assistants. They are in covering at
titude, as though shrinking from the
flood of fire, and the ''melter," with
glass held to his eye, watches the
flame coming from the converter, :"
until by its color he recognizes the
right moment for turning out the
molten steel into the molds.
At his signal tho converter" is
tilted forward. sending out metal as
bright as silver. Thus all day and
night the melter stands and makes the
basis of wealth for the world by the
control of living fire. Personal skill
alone qualities him for his office, for
there is no thur rule by which he
can control this mighty element.
The practical process of making
Bessemer steel consists in putting pig
iron into the converter" and blow
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

In report on the economical con-
dition of Italy, Mr.. Edwardes, of the
British Embassy at Rome, says the
public debt at the end of June, 1898,
amounted to $2.529, ,OG5, 900, be;.i;ug
q yearly interest of SIS, s OF
this amount $71. .210, ,000, positod
in or held by the TreaS TIC in
terest thereon being So, NJ, ,0oo. 1t
is almost impossible to state what is
the amount OF italian debt hell out Of
Italy, but it is computed that a yearly
sum of SIS, $50, ,OO9 is paidto foreign
holders, the largest amounts being
held in France, Germany, Great
Britain and Austria-Hunsary.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21
An Eccentric Empress.

The eccentric Empress of Austria,
after wandering in tl' Grecian ISL
ends, has at last returned to Vienna.
The court functionaries notice that
she has developed several peculiari-
ties. For instance, she always dresses,
for no matter what ceremony, in n
high gown of unrelieved black. Then
she absolutely refuses to listen to mu-
sic, even the music of Strauss. She
AYERS that her nerves are shattered,
and unable "to bear the strain OF mu-
sic." Her Majesty's most remarkable
eccentricities, however, have to do
with her food; she lives almost en-
tirely on milk-the milk from spe.
eial sort OF COW reared in Corfu.-New
York Dispatch.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

girth. The halves, however, are
firmly clamped together with water
tisht connection, when the toy is
dumped into the water, to which 1t
takes as iauntily as a rubber feather,
and the only means OF entrance and
exit then is syiafa.slittle upward open
inaslike a melon. plug, and very easily
lTsSls !sss. g.. 10 a.fs Yrend Jared r
watertight in it's turn. At the top af0
several little holes for ventilation, but
which can also be closed at will.
Furthermore, there are six windows,
round as portfolios in the ordinary
ship. Over all this is aflagstaff which
can be lowered and put up at pleas.
urc, with waterproof connections and
ventilation device, and on the top of
the flagstaff is lantern. There are
two oar holes also, one on each side,
similarly water-tight in the play OF
the pair of strong servioesble oars.
And, last and most important foil,
the appa, atus always rides the wave
right.side-up. .with.care. because OF the
abundant ballast in the bottom. The
interior of the miniature is fitted up
completely, with seats NIL around the
wall, and there are straps for addl-
tional support in case of storm.
For practical use, the inventor pro-
poses 'life.bont" of this description
which shall be either eight feet high
by six feet in diameter, at the widest
girth, with q seating capacity OF ten
persons, or else one ten feet high and
eight feet wide, seating twenty-five
persons. The former style, made
wholesale, would cost only Sl25, and
would carry 1OOOpounds without sink
ing more than four feet in the water,
riding as buoyant as top. In the
base would be plenty of room for sup
plies and water to last from ten to III.
teen persons several weeks, without
any danger from water or vitiated air.
For the first named size Of boat the
circular entrance would be three feet
in diameter, and thu windows one
foot. Chains are attached on the out.
side for people out in tho water to
catch hold and climb up by. The life
boat cannot possibly tip over, but
simply bobs up md down like cork.
Already on Lake Calumet there Is n
little ''life-boat" OF this pattern, and
the inventor expects soon to have one
on Lake Michigan. n.-Chicago Inter
Ocean.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

ing the carbon out OF it by means of
immense draughts. The sheets of
flame one sees are incandescent car.
bon. Later the steel is remelted and
treated with speigle iron, etc., to re-
store the right quantity of carbon.
Next to the Carnegie interests the
largest plant is that of Jones & Laugh
Inns. AT the head of it is B. +. Jones,
who, as Chairman of the Republican
National Committee, ran the Blaine
campaign. The firm employees $500
men and treats them better than any
other company.
Within the past few years the iron
business has been revolutionized.
Pudding iron has given way to tho
improved and cheaper methods of
making steel. Steel has taken the
place of iron in oil kinds of structural
work, and scores of pudding furnaces
are idle. .us
Steel does not wear as we'll as good
iron, and shrewd manufactures predict
return to the days of pudding.
Jones & Laughlins have less than one
fourth of their pudding furnaces in
operation, but will have use for them
later.
The day Of high wages in tho iron
and steel business has passed never to
return. Up until the time when the
Carnegie Steel Company, after q great
loss OF life, succeeded in almost break.
ing tho Amalgamated Association,
scores of men who were paid accord
ing to the production of the mills upon
which they worked, received from
S25 per day upward.
Rollers came to the mills in car.
riages and behind fast horses, and
lived on the best they could get. Hun
dreds of men who q few years ago, if
they did not mako from $40 to Sl5 per
day would have bemoaned their hard
luck, are now working for 50 and So
per day.
Notwithstanding tho reduced duty
on tin plate, which tho manufacturers
claimed would compel them to close
their mills, the tin plants nre flourish.
ing. One Of the odd features of the
erection of tin plate mills is the intro
duction of women in tho iron and
steel trades. At the plant of the Mo-
nongahela Tin Plato Company in
South Pittsburg, and which is now
partly owned by United States Senator
Quay, W men work on tho floor of the
mill alongside men. They wear coarse
clothing, with heavy aprons, and on
their hands they have gloves.
The women stand Mt t'ts rolls with
tongs and catch the plates as they
come out. They cut, "dip" md sep-
arate them, and do tho work better
than men. The women learned the
business in Wales, and earn from SIS
to IS per week. Husband and wife
work in the same mill, tho former Mt
the furnace and tho latter at the rolls.
For years girls have been emp)r !, ed
in the bolt md nut factories of that
city, but this is the first time they
have actually worked on the floor of a
mill with the glnro of furnace on
one side and tho whirr of heavy rolls
on tho other.
AS it is the custom for women to
work in tin mills in Wales, the men do
not object to tho women. Tho latter
will be taken into the Amalgamated
Association, MS the work they perform
is covered by the scale.
The iron and steel business will fur
ther develop by the building of new
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

steel ingots, crude steel, rails, sheets,
plates, rolled iron and steel, ETC., in
1892 in this city was 1851, ,397 tons.
In the following year there was slight
decrease to 7,377,SS1 tons, which in
1894 jumped to 1861 $40 tons, or
700, 422 tons more than during the
big year of '92.
The origin of the iron and steel in
dustry, its growth and development
is marvellous story. The beginning
Of the manufacture of iron in West
crn Pennsylvania, and the first fur
mace built, dates back to l790. 1t was
then located in what is now the most
fashionable residence section of Rltts-
burg, Shady Side. A rolling mill on
small scale was erected there in
1911.
The close proximity to the mex
haustible supply of soft coal fields and
the natural shipping facilities afford
ed by the Ohio, Monongahela and
Allegheny Rivers, mado Pittsburg q
magnet for the iron and steel pio.
neers, and the one rolling mill plant
quickly spread and multiplied.
Within q few years virgin forest
trees gave way to smokestacks, and ut
night scores OF furnace fires around
which toiled brawny, half-naked men
lit up the surrounding hills and gave
an awesome weirdness to the small vii
lage.
In 1903 an iron and brass foundry
was established. It afterward cast the
cannon which blazed in victory from
Perry's little fleet on Lake Erie. Can.
non have been made here for three
wars. During the last Civil War over
1000 guns were made.
The "Iron City" produces one-ffth
of the entire amount of iron and steel
made in the United States, and one
third that of the State of Pennsylva-
MIA, the production of the latter being
over one.half of the output of the
country. The largest Bessemer steel
works and the greatest crucible plant
are located here.
A year ago the total number of op-
eratives was 1000. This Of course in
cludes Homestead, Braddock and 9th.
er towns within few miles of the
city, and which will be included in the
Greater Pittsburg. The employees re.
ceive in wages in ono year between
S3S, 600. 900 and $40, 600, 600.
The largest concern is the Carnegie
Steel Company, which is capitalized
at S25, 900, 0,O00.-It employs 10, 900
men and boys. In the way of produc-
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

X USEFUL rig of many posi-.
n bilities brought over from
~ Paris is a street costume Of
mohair in beautiful buckle
berry blue. Mohair is in Paris the
texture ut present most seen in plain
street gowns, and the fayorite model
is o plain skirt and q box coat with u
back in one piece.
Sometimes this will hang plain from
pointed yoke, and in almost ever. :
case two little openings are left at the
bottom of the under arm seams, max
ing the slits seen in masculine or shirt
bottoms. Close stitching gives all
edges neat tailor finish, and where
the seams of some of the skirts will be
left plain others will bo strapped over
with narrow bands OF the same mater
jal. The model OF the skirt is q
godeted back and front cut Of the
width of the material, which runs to
bias seams into the back, and pro-
duces at the side that outward firt 80
becoming and easy to the feet. The
buttons used will be great things as
big as butter plates, of smoked pearl,
horn or fancy metal, and even those of
Dresden china, sayly fowered, are
said to be in good taste.
Again, q mohair gown will show no
buttons at all, the fronts of the single
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21
PURSES OF HUMAN SKIN
Gruesome Souvenirs Made from
the Cuticle of Dea,eradoS.

The report comes from Tacoma, Wash.,
that the cuticle of Tom Blanck, dcspcr-
ado who was killed few days ago, will be
tanned and made into pocketbooks. While
in jail in Seattle, Blanck made wooden
imitation of pistol, with which he held
up the jaior and escaped. He was fol-
lowed by the jailor and posse and killed,
as he would not surrender. Exactly how
the pockctboolls will be disposed of is not
stated, but judging from the results of
several enterprises of this kind in the past,
the owners Of Blanck's skin will have no
difficulty in disposing of their. inanufact-
ured stock.
One of the inhuman practices brought to
light by tile investigation set on foot by
Gen. BENJAMIN F. Butler into the affairs
of the Tewkesbury (Mass. poorhouse was
the skinning of dead patients and the
making of souvenirs of various kinds OF
the skins, for which the keepers or others
in the scheme found ready market. The
same state of affairs is said to have cx-
listed at the Ohio State prison, in Celum-
bus, fifteen years ago. Prisoners were
knocked in the head or shot on the slight.
est provocation by the keepers and guards,
who were all banded together for the traf.
fic in human skin souvenirs. These out
RACES finally became so fragrant that an in
vestigation was held, which resulted in the
turning out of all the keepers and guards
in the prison. None of the men was ever
prosecuted, as it was impossible to gets
tangible evidence.
There must have been money in this
human skin traffic or the men engaged in
81 uaistl IS ctta7ces
There are many persons whose morbid
tastes make them delight in the possession
of just such gruesome souvenirs, and it is
not infrequent that some man Of reck.
less, rowing disposition and checkered
past is seen proudly displaying q tobacco
pouch, purse or other pocket novelty "
made from the skin of a human being.
The use of human skin in making small
articles that could .e carried in ones
pocket vas quite common in Mexico and
the wild Southwest forty or fifty years ago.
1t is more than possible that some of the
possessors of these articles flaunled them
as an evidence of desperate and blood
curdling tendencies. During the French
revolution tanning of human skins was
common, and volumes of Rousscau's
works are said to have been bound in the
cuticle of those who had derided him.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21
DUST CLOAKS,

Who ever sees dust cloak nova
days? No one. Not because the dust
cloak has ceased to exist, but because
it has become such gloritied creation
that those who look Tor it, remember
ing the old alpaca and linen dust
ers," fail to recognize it for what it
is. The fin-de steele dust cloak is
made of "glorla" silk, which is both
rain proof and dust resisting. 1t is 30
light that it will not crush the most
elaborate dress mot even the sleeves
and whiIY 1t envelopes the entire
costume, the wearer of the garment
does not suggest tarpaulin wrapped
parcel, because the coat looks Smart
in itself. What could be nicer than
such dust cloak for the dweller in
suburban parts, the frequenter ofsub.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21
CRISP AND COOL FRocKs.
breasted jacket fastening neatly under
O stitched hap, such as finishes q mans

breasted jacket fastening neatly under
stitched flap, such as finishes q mans
box coat.
As for the French mohairs them
selves they are nest beautiful. The
handsomest patterns are enormously
wide and in o loose sort of bunting
weave, and not even in black do they
suggest the shiny funereal things one
is accustomed to associate with the
name. In color the huckleberry blue
is perhaps the latest tint, but more
gracious and becoming one is soft
wavy brown that seems especially ef-
fectiYe when worn with blouse in
any OF the gentle greens now fashion
able.
One brown mohair gown, that has
Just made its debut in New York, has
a bodice in crinked silk, patterned
gorgeously and confusedly with palm
leaves in many colors. It was simply
gathered at the neck and waist into q
belt and stock of black satin ribbon,
and the sleeves, which were entirely
without stiffening, fell in great loose
puff three-quarters length. This palm
leaf silk, together with gauze pat.
termed in the same way, is the very
latest French fads for waists. In some
of the gauzes the tones are wonderful,
great splotches of flame shading into
emerald green, and again melting into
effects that are almost brown. No
trimmings are used with them, the
many colorings of the texture being
the point intended for notice. There
are always a plain ribbon stock and
belt, however, and sometimes these
will reproduce predominating tint in
the gauze, emerald green, a flame red,
or else on orange hue that is positive
ly startling.
Indeed, if one is to Judge from the
bodices, and some of the flower
decked hats that come over to us from
Paris, color is to be more and more
the thing as the season advances. Hats
big and little are simply laden down
with gay posies. In some cases, with
tho exception Of narrow fold OF vel.
vet that taces the under brim, there is
not ray of other trimming, and the
blossoms will be massed irrespective
of tint or degree. Modest daisies. for
instance, will hobnoh with gorgeous
flags, and naughty orchids rub elbows
with field violets. Again, on single
low crowned sailor hat there will be
ivy leaves with the violets, and, be.
sides, wreath of roses with loose
trembling petals that shade all the
way from palest pink to a red SO deep
that it is almost like the black of the
famous German tulip. Sometimes,
indeed, there will be black rose un-
der brim, and with much color above
this never fnils to be effective.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21

that these prayer bags and charms
shall not be profaned by the touch OF
Christian forefnger and resists the
deputy's efforts to find letters near
the little esacred pouch which reposes
on the stomach of the faithful. For
this reason the intelligent Jap does
not carry letters near the bag. When
the Jap is particularly anxious to have
his god answer his prayer he removes
the cover from the top OF the pouch
and prays with the paper in his
hands,
StilIanother evidence of Japanese
superstition is shown by the lucky
stonesthey nearly all (professed Chris
tians as well) carry in their pockets.
In. Japan the women place locks OF
theirihair and the men place smooth
stones the size of walnuts at the feet
of their idols. After certain time
these locks of hair and the stones be-
come sacred and are either carried in
their garments or worn suspended
around their necks rs charms to pro-
tect the wearer from evil and harm.
The Japanese immigrants wear and
carry:t the prayer bags and the sacred
stones until they reach the Missions
whensthey are hidden. so as to pre-
vent white Christians from discover
ing these evidences of idolatry.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-08-21
DAINTY STRAW HAT.

It is noticeable that many straw hats
are scantily trimmed, but examination
will disclose the fact that the straw is
very prettily colored and elaborately
woven. That, according to current
usage, makes permissible but little
trimming, which often consists of lit
tie more than ore or two aigrette
punches of violets, the long stems
twisting into cords that pass about the
brim, and, perhaps, catch it up here
and there. This rule, however, is by
no means imperative, but is tasteful in
its results, as can be judged by con-
sideration of this pictured hat which
is of old gold straw bent into deeper
points at the sides and coming down
with a graceful sweep in front and
back. It is trimmed with large bow
of ribbon and punches of pansies,
smaller clusters of the flowers showing