The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1895-03-08

TtAuEkS
ouee or twice after apparently dying
away. This curious phenomenon is
explained by DR.. J. Amber, AS an eff
feet Of varying atmospheric density.
lue air being colder in the higher aud
warmer in the lower strata, the solar
rays undergo kind of total reflection.
causing them 10 pass the SUBMITS
when the sun has reached certain
position. As the lower air eoolS, the
rays become again straight, and the
second glow begins When the sun
sinks still lower, the rays are thrown
down upon the glaciers by ordinary
refraction, which may be Intensified
by warm air from below as 10 produce
the rarely seen third glow
Among the speculatious concerning
argon not the least interesting is that
or Prof Roberts Austen, that certain
pecullarltie> that make Bessemer metal
different from other >teels may be due
to this substance In converting ten
tons Of iron, not less than 100, 90 cubic
feet Of air Is passed through the tuid
non, and 1000 cubic feet of argou must
20 somewhere
a uuiquS collection of 30 human
brains, illustrating every type of brain
defect has been offered by Or. Luys To
4 Paris museum.
The Tirst establishment for medical
treatment oy ozone has been in opera.
ton since 1891, ut Saint RaphaeE
France. Here two halls are fitted up
for administering the ozuue in var>-
ing degrees Of dilutiou. The iuhala-
ton hall has oIoulzers Of large dis
charge, with 10 mouths or veuts-each
uoutu consisting Of q small tube Lead
ing u the ozouized oxygen and around
II large tube supplying pure air. The
patients simply stand or sit in any por-
tlon OF TINS room, tine autire atruos-
pnere oeIug strongly ozOuized s.
few MINUTES. The absorption hall, de-
slgued for giving somewhat stronger
doses OF the gas that are graduated at
Will, * provided with II mouths, FROM
which patients iuhale the mixture of
oZoue ami air through mouth-pieces.
Ihe ozoulzers are Of two STYLES, one
consisting essentially OF a series OF
sheets Of tin between glass plates. aud
the other of two conceutrie glass tubes.
the iuuer stuffed with tinned paper
and the outer covered with tiu-f0il.
Suitable connections being made with
a battery Of electric aecummulators,
the oXygen-pure and dry-is led from
a ga>ometer through these ozoniziug
elements, hen 1t IS entirely converted
luto ozoue by the connective discharge.
The results Of tue iuhalstions vary with
the age of the patient and the ma
ture Of the malady. For auaemia and
chloroanaemia the ozone is q certain
specific, while In nasceut tuberculosis
the benefit Is i'll overcoming predisps-
siti0u and not iu healirg lesions al
ready produced
The active principle Of the poison
IVY has been supposed by German
Psychologist 10 he q substance called
by him tOXicodendrie acid. But DR.
Franz Pfaff and Mr.. :. B. Orr have re-
ported 10 the American Physiological
society that this substance proves to
oe not poisonous, and that the effects
OF poison Ivy are really due To a n0u-
volatile OIL, which they have isolated.
This OIL produces the well-kuowu erup-
ton on the skin. As preventive treat
ment they recommend cleaning the
skin from the oil by thorough washing
with soap and water, or. better still
with an alcoholic soIutioB Of lead ace
tate
The mammals Of Florida. As euumer-
ated by Mr.. Frank VI. Chapman. ia a
recently prepared list, embrace So spe-
cies and sub-speeies, exclusive of water
animals. The largest forms are the
Virginia deer, the black bear. the
puma, and the wolf-the last being
aeariy extinct. A leaf-uosed bat. prob
ably au accidental visitant. is the only
West Indian species.
7
z The last years most remarkable work
IN chemistry and physics. declares the
London Times, is Mr. Philip Lenard's
application of the discovery Of Herr
that metallic films are transparent to
the dark rays issuing from The mega
tive pole IN case Of electric discharge in
a high vacuum. He closes one end of
a vacuum tube with a thin aluminium
AAAAA4f hIA cNtAaiNS Al4E rays alter
passage through the metal. The air
outside is seen to glow family; while
all the ordinary phosphorescent effects
OF vacuum, as in the experiments of
Becquerel and Crooks. eau be readily
reproduced IN air. These cathode rays
do not affect the eye, and produce no
sensation IN the skin, yet they are
photographically active, and when
they impinge upon the tongue or nos
trils produce the taste and smell of
ozone. They cannot pass through
quartz plates which are transparent to
light and the ultra violet rays, but do
pass through metal films which are
apaque to light. Their behavior in air
or gas is equally peculiar. Light, AZ
we know it, passes through gas as if
it were a homogeneous medium, and Ii
dispersed by solid PARTICLES floating In
the gas; the cathode rays behave as If
the gas molecules themselves were solid