davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
SKILL IN THE DAIRY.
How One May Succeed Under ANY and
All circumstances.

How One May Succeed Under ANY and
All circumstances.
In producing pound of butter, says
Prof. Robertson, there are 66 times
more room for skill than in the pro-
duction of / pound of potatoes. Dairy
ing offers a man the best chance for
putting his skill into money The OBJ
ject of the butter-maker is to get the
fat out of the milk with as little of
the other constituents in the milk as
possible. In every 100 pounds of but
ter there should be about 13 pounds of
water, 50 pounds of butter fat, 3
pounds of salt and 2 pounds of the
other constituents in the milk. A cow
is not a machine, but a living organ
ism, and therefore will not give a diff
ferent product because she takes diff
ferent food. The food does not affect
the blood of a COW, from which milk
is largely formed. Food will affect
the quality of the milk sometimes by
changing the composition of the fat
itself. If the quantity of fat is not af-
fected the volatile fats from the food
will become part of the fat in the
milk, and give it's peculiar flavor to
the milk. These volatile havors can be
expelled by heating milk or cream to
$50 degrees. The case with which
cream may be separated from the
milk sometimes depends upon the kind
of food cow takes. Cows for making
butter should be handled under such
conditions as will give them perfect
repose. Cleanliness should be strictly
observed Impure air of the stable
will affect the milk, and ensilage will
not injure the milk when fed to cows.
When COWS have been milking a long
period or have been overheated, or
without salt, the milk will become
sticky and preventa complete separa-
tion of the cream. By having a few
fresh-calved COWS milk to mix with
the milk of cows that have been milk
ing a long time, better quality of
butter can be made. Keep the cream
sweet and cold, and use a suitable fer
mentation starter, and you will get a
quality of butter in January as good
as the quality of June butter. If cream
is properly tempered, temperature OF
from "a to So will be suitable for churn-
ing and 45 minutes will be long enough
TO get butter-Prairie Farmer.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
FRESH DAIRY NOTES.

USE tin milk pals always and keep
them bright and clean.
Poor butter deteriorates. rapidly. Il
has the elements of rapid decay in it to
start with.
Ii the butter is not of good quality,
sell it as soon as made. Do not at.
tempt to pack it.
IF the churning is only done once a
week, good butter is out of the ques-
tion. Churn every two days or every
three days at most.
To KILL the horns on calves cut the
hair from around the horn, or around
the place for the horn. wet the nub
and rub on caustic potash. The potash
comes in sticks and must be wrapped
in paper or it viii burn the hands,
Farmers Voice.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
VALUE OF SPRAYING.
summary of Experiments Conducted at
the Ohio Station

~
the Ohio Station.
/. The profit to be derived from
spraying orchards often exceeds $50
per acre, and for vineyards is much
more. The fruit crop of the state
would be enhanced in value by several
million dollars annually if the practice
were generally followed.
3 Com bined fungicides and insect
icides are recommended whenever APP
plica bic, because of saving of time; a
less liability of injuring foliage. a
greater efficiency in some cases, and as
precautionary measure in others.
3. Dilute Bordeaux mixture, copper
arsenic solution and ammoniacal solu-
ton of copper carbonate are the most
useful for the treatment of the dis
eases herein mentioned, and the first
has the widest range OF usefulness
of all.
T. Early spraying is the key to sue
cess in the use of fungicides.
s. For the plum curculio and shot
hole fungus use Bordeaux mixture and
Paris green combined, making three
or four applications. 1t is not known
that the treatment will prevent the
black knot, but cutting away and
burning the diseased branches will ac-
complish the result
g. Scabby apples rot much earlier
than those free from scab, and spray
ing with fungicldes will save at least
fifty per cent. of this loss.
z. Spraying with fungicides in the
season of 1892 prevented much of the
early dropping of apples, which is
usually attributed to wet weather.
s. For apples, two applications of
Bordeaux mixture before blooming are
advised, and two of the same mix ture
after blooming with Paris green added.
9. The same treatment is recon
mended for the pear as for the apple,
before blooming, but the copper-arsenic
solution is applied after blooming.
10. The Bordeaux mixture, if used
too late, causes a russell appearance on
both pears and apples.
IL. The ounce may be treated the
same as apples, or with Bordeaux mix
ture alone.
cherry consists of using two or three
applications of Paris green, two ounces
to fifty gallons Of water
ID Eeach trees ana American Varl-
cites Of plums have very tender foliage
and must be treated with very weak
mixtures, if at all.
IA. Raspberries may be treated with
Bordeaux mixture alone; grapes with
the same until the fruit sets, after
which use copper carbonate. Potatoes
should be sprayed at least five times
with Bordeaux mixture and Paris
green.-Prof. w. j. Green, of Ohio Ex-
pertinent Station.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
,
jt2FfZ[25 Y (
DEVICE FOR HoE1Ne ONIONS.

late period of growth. The tool which
is usually most convenient for stirring
the soil between onion rows is mar
row steel rake It can be drawn along
be tween the rows of bulbs, of course
with proper care, and will loosen the
surface and keep the weeds down. The
ordinary garden ralxes are rather too
wide for this parpose, but may be
easily cut down.
Another tool suitable for this work
is shown in the accompanying sketch.
The nearest blacksmith can make the
hoe part out of steel rod. or an old
pitchforlz. Insert the hoe firmly into
a good handle, and then draw the tool
along between the rows, in the same
way as steel rake. = American Gar
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
TREEs IN The ORCHARD.
The Hexagonal Arrangement Preferable
to the Square.


The Hexagonal Arrangement Preferable
to the Square.
There are several methods of ar
sranging the trees in an orchard, says a
recent Canadian bulletin. The one
usually adopted is the square, most
used no doubt because many do not
know of a better By this arrange
ment the trees are planted in rows the
same distance apart each way, four
trees forming square. A much better
plan is what is known as the hexagon-
al. By this system fifteen per cent
more trees can be grown per acre
without the least bit more crowding-
no small item when we consider that
the profits per acre are increased &C
cordingly.
BY the hexagonal arrangement the
trees in the second row are set alter
mating with those in the first, six trees
forming a hexagon and inclosing a
seventh in the center. To ascertain
the correct position for the first tree
in the second row, and consequently
the distance apart of the rows that
way of the orchard, take two strings
the same length as the distance apart
at which the trees are to be planted
fasten the end of one to the first and
the other to the second stake in the
first row, then stretch the free ends
out till they meet; this point will
mark the position for the first tree in
the second row.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28

Each dot represents single Individual
made the discovery of bacillus which
has so remarkable an effect that but
ter made from cream inoculated with
1T is of a superior quality and com
mands higher price in the market.
Experiments proved beyond question
the efficacy of ''B. A." and practical
results have been attained in a consid-
era bic mum Der of creameries in which
this culture" is regularly used. 1t is
an interesting story. whether regarded
from the scientific or the popular point
of view. The lucky accident by which
a package of sterilized milk shipped
from Uruguay to Chicago was found to
contain what Prof Conn had been
looking for for years is almost suggest
i've of the Arabian Nights tales, and
shows that modern science is far from
backing in the mysterious and fasci-
mating.
The watchword Of science is vertical
gfion. and in this case it was pursued
runf1inchingly for months, until the re-
suits followed the application with
" such uniformity and regularity that it
could confidently be declared that the
point of demonstration had been
reached. It is not strange that when
tine discovery was first made public it
was received as the vagary of a crank,
and dismissed with humor and sarcasm;
nor is it surprising that the people en-
gagged in butter making looked on it
avith doubt and distrust. The dis
coverer, however, was sure of his
ground, and brief course of expert
anentation was usually sufficient to
convince the skeptical that there was
something practical in it. In scores of
rcreameries 'B. Al" is now regularly
1used, and new industry has sprung
up in-we will not say the manufac-
4ure, but the production of the ''cul-
7ture" of the bacillus which chances to
bear this number. What it will &C
,complish is now a matter of full demon
istration; but it does not follow that
something better may not be found
among the myriads of bacteria that
swarm in every cubic inch of milk and
cream. Culture butter" commands
the highest market price, and will, of
course, be much in request as soon as
ats virtues become generally known
N. Y. Tribune.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
THEY ARE GOOD THINGS.
Wide Tires on Farm Wagons Sure to Inn
prove Country Roads

Wide Tires on Farm Wagons Sure to Inn
prove Country Roads
Farmers can help themselves very
materially and in such a gradual man
ner that it will scarcely be felt Ex-
periments were made in various parts
of the country during 1894, in New
York, Utah and by the Studebaker
wagon company in Indiana to deter
mine the relative merits of narrow and
broad wagon tires. These experiments
were, as a whole, decidedly in favor of
wide tires. In New Y ork the expert
ment was made of using wide tires on
a road about five miles long leading to
stone quarry. The heavy wagons
used were equipped with rear wheels
having tires inches wide and the for
ward wheels having tires inches
wide, the forward wheels tracking
just inside the rear wheels Each
wagon was thus transformed into a
roller covering 90 inches in width
every time it passed along. Smaller
wagons were equipped with wheels
similar in principle. The road, which
formerly rutted necessarily and deep
", was covered with stone chips,
when these wagons soon rolled into a
lard mass The road now supports
loads of from 5000 to 10000 pounds,
and consequently has a hard, compact
and regular surface. The cost of haul
ing loads over this road is reduced
about 20 per cent.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
WEDDING THE ONIONS.
How to Make an Inexpensive Tool Suita
BILE for This Work.

How to Make an inexpensive Tool Suita-
BILE for This Work.
How to manage the onion patch dur
ing the last stages of growth. when
the mass of tops forbids the further use
of the wheel hoe among the plants,
has often been a puzzle to onion grow
ers, and is a matter of frequent in
quiry The harm done to crop by
the breaking down of the tops during
the process of cultivation usually is in
significant to the damage resulting
from an early cessation OF tillage- We
prefer to till the ground between
onions, potatoes, cabbages, and other
crops, when well advanced, and to risk
occasional injury to the leaves or
stalks. Finally, cultivation has come
to stop, however, but the growth of
weeds will not. Purslane, especially,
is the curse of the onion grower at this
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
Money value of Good Roads.

AS an illustration of the Importance
of good reads it is stated that In Union
county, N. j., the farming lands have
increased in value an average of 5000
per acre owing to the improved system
OF road construction. An engineer re-
Gently calculated that the annual cost
of bad roads in Virginia was no less
than 81, 275, 463, 991. This he charges to
interest on the depreciation of land,
additional cost of hauling, deprecia-
ton OF vehicles and depreciation or
horses. This amount Of money, he
adds, would cover the expense Of build
ing ITO miles of the best macadam
roads each year.-N. Y. Sun
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28

A lesson in the wisest political econ
omy may be learned by a survey of the
Roman roads. They were so planned
and constructed that even to-day their
remains are eloquent of Roman glory.
Of those who first trod upon them even
the dust has crumbled into nothing
ness, bnt the modern -sightseeF must
pay tribute to the endurin Z strength
and artistic beauty of the F4enlan road.
Ada Langworthy collier. Du.
ouQue. Ia
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
FIG. @.

ing to build silos and cut up their field
corn, to be able to bridge the coming
winter, and it may be the part of wis
dom to do SO. Where this is the case,
it would be wise for such parties to
either visit successful silo or become
satisfied that the plan they propose to
use is after such one. Don't depend
upon any carpenter, however expert he
may be, to plan one, unless he has had
experience in constructing successful
one.-George e. Scott, in Ohio Farmer.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28

The lack of body and grain in sum-
mer butter diminishes its keeping
qualities and units it for refrigeration.
Hence it is rushed to market and sold
: for whatever it viii bring. 1t is sug-
gested that the difficulty might be
overcome by feeding cottonseed meal
This food creates difficulty in churn-
ing at an ordinary temperature, but
the butter will come rapidly when the
temperature is raised eight to ten de
Rrees above normal. This popularity
SHOULD, it is thought. recommend this
meal as supplement to the daily RAJ
tion during the heated term when the
grass is old and dry.-N. y. World.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28
THE HILLSIDE GARDEN.

An Excellent Way of Leveling a Slipping
Piece OF Ground.
Some gardens must be located upon
sloping ground, or the making of a
garden given up altogether. A slope
in the garden is, however, undesira BILE,
as there is a constant washing after
heavy rains and in spring, when the
snow is melting, which planting rows
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28

AND WASHINGTON, MO.
alone would be $40, 900, ooo Prof Ely
holds that poor roads cost the farmer
SIS per horse.
The truth of the facts as they are set
forth by the league is rapidly being
realized by the farmers with the result
that each year adds to the list of con-
verts, till now the time seems nearly at
hand when the entire country will en-
ter into an era of scientific road build.
inp-Chicaro Tribune
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1895-09-28

IN October or November the treea
should be smeared with axle grease as
90 protection against mice and rabbits.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-02-21
Notes of Current Events.

At Alexandria, Egypt. a mob attacked
and beat three men belonging to a British
cruiser. An inquiry is in progress.
Great damage was done by the storm
on Chesapeake Bay. Many oyster boats
were wrecked and loss of life is feared.
A Panhandle passenger train was
wrecked by broken rail near Newcom-
erstown, o. No one was seriously hurt.
Lewis Billings, College Springs, Ia,
recently married. shot and killed himself
Dependency from sickness was the
cause.
Experiments with smallpox serum are
being conducted by Health Commissioner
Holman at the quarantine hospital, st.
Louis.
Seth T. Sawyer died at Alton. He was
SS years old and had been practitioner
before the Illinois bar for more than fifty
years.
Ralph s. Selby, a wellknown real es-
tate dealer at San Francisco and mem
Der of an old family, shot himself through
the head.
At Boston, Mass, 3,36S shares of Bell
Telephone Company were sold mt auction
by order Of the Bell directors. Prices
ranged from 1891 to 191.
The Union station at st. Joseph, No.,
completed In May, 1882, and which was
used by all the railroads entering the city,
was laid In ruins by fire. The loss will
reach $500. 600. 1t was one of the most
severe 6res ever suffered By the city.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-02-21
ICHTGAN, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY II. 1895.
will be no extra session. But even when

will be no extra session. But even when
the next Congress convenes in December
they will be just as reluctant to go, and,
moreover, they will be all the less able to
secure employment.
The report that the President Is once
more suffering from ill-health has gone
abroad again. This report will doubtless
be repeated with more or less frequency
after the adjournment of Congress and
news at the national capital Is scarce. But
whatever the condition of the President
will be after the adjournment of Con-
gress, it can, and should, be said positive
ly now that it has never been better dur
ing the present administration. The Pres
ident is naturally a man of action. He
step is light and his gout has disappeared.
His cheeks are ruddy, his eye clear and
his hand-clasp firm. He seems well, eats
well, works well. He sees everybody
who calls on him on public business, and
his information shows that he keeps in
touch with pretty much all that is going
on. The President may not live fifty
years longer, but a great many who are
now predicting his death will leave him on
earth a firm, vigorous man of affairs when
they are climbing the golden stairs.
A strong effort is being made by the
friends of General Casey, Chief Engineer
of the army, to have him placed in charge
of the construction of the new Chicago
post Office building. 1t is to be hoped that
their efforts will fail. No one doubts the
engineering ability of General Casey. But
the long time it has taken him to build
the Congressional Library is monument
to his lack of energy, and should be
warning to all who hope for the erection
Of the Chicago building in Chicago time.
General Casey will soon retire from the
army on account of the age limit He
will retire at good salary but he would
like the fat berth of experimenting the
construction of so large building as the
new post office in Chicago is to be, and
like especially the comfortable stipend ho
would receive for such superintendence.
The General, as an army officer, has been
brought up in that life, and man who
goes to him for information, in the event
of his succeeding in his earnest wish to
be placed in charge of the Chicago build
ing, or who ventures to make a sugges-
ton, would do well, if he seeks to pre-
serve his self-respect, to take club along
with him. Chairman Sayers, chairman of
the House Appropriation Committee, is
particularly desirous of having General
Casey placed in charge of the Chicago
building. Apropos is the fact that Mr..
Sayers is very desirous of so prolonging
the building of the new post Office as to
spread the necessary appropriations over
long series of years. If General Casey
should be appointed Chairman Sayers will
be content.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-02-21

amused himself for a few moments jab-
bing pins into them, but Miss Fannie had
been schooled to stand this sort of thing
since childhood and never WINGED. When
the doctor raised one of her legs look
of CONSERVATION overspread the young
woman's face. What should she do? No
doctor had ever raised her leg before.
1t was not in the program. The leg re-
mained raised and the doctor smiled,
while the mother swore. A few hours
later the place was pulled and Miss Fan
ME sprang out of bed The women OBJ
jected seriously to being taken into GUS
tody, and loudly protested their inno-
cence, but they were quieted down n
trifie when the peep-hole in the ceiling was
pointed out to them. They were taken
to the police station. where they broke
down and made a complete confession.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-02-21

smallness of the amount asked for, how.
ever, created some suspicion, and detec-
tives were put to work on the case.
The Freemans lived in n fat at 66S
West Twelfth street, but the fiat above
them was unoecupied. Detectives rented
the upper fiat, made small holes in the
floor and through these watched the pro-
ceedings that took place in the sick room
below. Whenever the family was alone
the paralyZed young woman would leave
her bed and walk around the room just
as well as her mother or sister could
When the doctor called, the mother. be-
fore admitting him to the chamber of the
'paralytic," would immerse Miss Fannie's
limbs in cold water, and as soon as they
were half frozen she was put to bed and
the doctor called in. He found her limbs
icy cold, as they should be if really par
alyzed. On his final visit, however, he
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-02-21
Was in Chicago Monday.

HI NHiCdeo EuohdhSs
Pierre Gray, son of the dead minister to
Mexico, said to a reporter at Indianapo,
lis:
Father started to the City of Mexico
from Chicago Monday morning. He had
been in Washington short time a week
or so before he left here TO return to his
post of duty, and had caught cold, his
trip being in the coldest kind of weather
But he took some medicine and when he
left he was in fair state of health. He
wired us from Chicago, and the next day
we received letter from him, but he did
not say that he was at all i'll. He went
over the Wabash road direct to Laredo
Mex, without change of sleeper, going
through st. Louis. We heard nothing
more of him until message said porter
had found him unconscious at 2 O'clock
in the morning in his berth. l knew moth
ing more of the circumstances"
Twice Governor of Indiana.
Isaac Pusey Gray was born in Chester
County, Pennsylvania. Oct Is, 1898. His
parents removed to Ohio in 1886. Young
Gray received common school educa-
ton and early entered on the study of the
law. His poverty, however, compelled
him to accept clerkship in a general store
at New Madison. In 1855 he moved with
his family to Union City, Ind.
In 1862 he was appointed colonel of the
Fourth Indiana Cavalry by Gov. Morton
and organized the One Hundred and For
ty-seventh Infantry in 1864. In 1866 he
was the candidate for Congress in oppO-
sition to George w. Julian. being defeat
ed by 300 votes. Two years later he was
elected to the State Senate. where he
made himself famous as president Of that
body by locking the Democratic members
in and counting them to obtain the pass
age of a ratification Of the fifteenth
amendment. He was offered the consul
ship to st. Thomas in 1870 but declined
il.
His connection with the Democratic
party dates from 1871, when he failed to
get the nomination for Governor from
the hands of the Republican party. He
was delegate-at-large to the Liberal Re-
publican convention of 1872 and was ap-
pointed by the convention member of the
National Committee for Indiana. His
name was before the Democratic State
convention i'm 1872 for Congressman-at-
large and in 1874 for Attorney General,
but was withdrawn both times at his re-
quest. The State convention of 1876
nominated him by acclamation for Lieu
tenant Governor, to which Office he was
elected with .'Bluejeans" Williams, whom
he succeeded as Governor on the latters
death. In 1883 he received the compli-
mentary nomination of the Democratic
minority for the United States Senator
ship. In 1884 he was elected Governor
against William III. Calkins, receiv-
ing the nomination by a two-thirds vote
of the convention.
After his last term as Governor ex-
pired he followed the practice of his pro-
fession in indianapolis in partnership
with his son, Pierre Gray, until he was
called to the Mexican mission by Presi-
dent Cleveland two years ago. In 1850
he married Miss Eliza Jaque, of Darke
County. Ohio. They have two children
living-Pierre, who is a lawyer in Indian
apolis, and Bayard, who has been acting
as his fathers private secretary in Mex
tnn