The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1895-08-29
SURVEY OF THE STATE
Bailey Willis Explains Its I'M
portance i'm Development.
WILL SHOW WHERE RICHES ARE.
The Explorer of Mount Rainier tx
plains Hi. Methods and Tells the
Beauties of the Peak.

For the sake OF the state would sig-
I gest that an appropriation for the assist
/ snee OF the United States geoiogicai sur
/ vey OF Washington be made by the legis-
lature." said Prof. Bailey Willis, the en-
inent geoiogist, who has charge OF that
+ branch OF the government work IN tn.s
state. last evening, al the Rainier-Grana-
The proportion OF work done IN tais
/ state with the present allotment OF forces
/ REQUIRES an expenditure of $4,000 year
| for salaries and expenses. To push the
! work properly. the state would be oene-
/ fitted wonderfully by appropriating
/ like sum 10 increase the force and thus
double the speed.
Would Define Iron Deposits.
"There is a large amount of capital
/ awaiting opportunities 10 erect iron WORKS
1 and develop the mineral resources in that
| branch. but the fact is that the area ana
| extent Of the iron deposits are practically
/ unknown. To define the limits and make
| definite locations of the ore Is one OF the
purposes of the survey, and when sucn
/ locations are known the benefit 10 result
| to the state arising from the founding or
/ new enterprises is easily understood. AS
| 10 the quality of the ore and the huctua-
| tions of it's value for manufacturing pur-
/ poses. OF course II Is not the purpose or
| the geologist 10 determine, but the ioca-
ton and knowledge of the ore Itself are
/ matters worth many times the outlay re-
! quired.
'sThe states OF Massachusetts. Connec-
| ticut, New Jersey and New York nave
| each made appropriations TO this end ana
| the results there have been satisfactory.
| With the present force in this state the
| complete geological survey would require
| fifty to sixty years, and in my judgment
the state cannot afford 10 walt so long.
Surveying the Coal Lands.
''The first object at present is 10 survey
| and mako a map of the coal lands. but
a
| mountains may cause the work TO be
/ transferred 10 them. Attention at pres
! ent seems TO be more generally directed
| 70 those regions. and being in the interest
| of the people the first surveys will be
made where the most people need them.
| The act of congress providing for the
geological survey requires directly that
| "A geological map be made. but to do this
! a typographical map is the first necessity.
The latter is not provided for by the direct
| language OF the act, but being absolutely
essential. II is of course the intent OF the
law.
The Work Now I'm Progress.
THE typographical map is now being
| developed for the Seattle and Tacoma re-
! gions. An area of 1900 square miles Will
! be surveyed In a season, including for
| Instance an area from Snohomish on the
| north to Yelm prairie on the south, with
| Tacoma as the western point and extend
W
haps to Franklin. on this region there is
a party of three typographical surveyors
| at work now.
There are three general points to be de-
termined and shown in the Typographical
| map. The first is the drainage, showing
| all of the water courses, whether rivers,
small streams. or lakes. large or small.
| The second we call culture That refers
| to the work devised by man, such as roads.
| farms, towns and cities. The third Is re-
y -IA lion hg ali
| and form of hills. The work is done in
| the minutest detail in each particular, and
| the methods and instruments used are
| much more rapid and accurate than those
of the ordinary surveyor. For our rail
| road surveying a steel tape is used by
| which in a distance OF five miles the vart
| alton is not more than one-hundreth. OF
| an inch. For claiming a sort of wheel
called a buck board is used. which is very
| rand and registers the distance most ac-
| curately.
Tire Typographical survey.
After the Typographical survey comes
the geological survey. which consists
In adding TO the maps already drawn, the
| locating and defining Of the mineral de
! posits of every tract. large or small in
| the whole country. To locate, name and
| determine the source and extent of the
mineral deposits is our province. The To-
cation OF claims and their valuation from
a money standpoint belongs TO the min
| ing engineer. The map Will show every
kind OF mineral. its origin and use. wheth-
er of sand. clay, coal. or valuable metals.
| After our locations. then the capitalist or
mining engineer may determine values"
His Ascent of Mount Rainier.
Prof Willis. in 1888 made a trip 10 Mt.
Rainier with distinguished party. in
which was Senator George r Edmunds.
OF Vermont. The Edmunds glaciers was
named by Prof. Willis at the time. and a
trail, afterward well known as the Bailey
/ Willis trail. was made. In 1888. Dr. Toll
mic. in attempting an ascent of Mt, Raj
nier. reached "A peak lying eight miles
northwest of Rainer's crater, and left
there a wooden basket. which was found
exactly fifty years later by Prof. Willis.
but the basket was in n very deeayed
condition and could only be distinguished
by few parts OF the framework II was
imbedded.in the roots OF the underground.
| The men I'm 1888. under the charge of
Prof Willis. dragged a sled TO the sum-
nit OF Toimie's peak. carrying Mrs. VIII
lis The sled was left there and during the
past few days Prof. Willis found IL also.
Rainier National Park.
Prof. Willis has been making observa-
| tons Of the northern slopes Of Mount Raj
nier for the purpose OF getting an accu-
rate idea OF the adaptahllity 10 a national
park and VIII urge the matter before the
| next session Of congress. lie has taken
/
Of the best glacial and mountain views
| and VIII go before the committee well
| equipped 10 champion the cause IN which
| he Is 80 enthusiastic He said
/ There are some facts regarding the
northwestern slope which 7 think would
/ interest Your readers which have not been
! published. The slope has been made easily
| accessible hy the construction of a TRAN
/ in Use and INS3. and so long as the trail
/ is kept up u is only one DAYS ride from
/ Wiikcson 10 ire base. There Is a splendid
/ camping place. with abundant meadow at
! Crater lake. Z. 30 feet high. the lake being
/ nearly one-fourth OF a mile down and
! partially epcompassed ny fine cliGs About
/ three miles beyond the lake a. an elevation
( % soao 20 7.e0 feet there are charming
parks on The lower portion OF the north
west spur. All % these were accessible
/ % animals bv means OF the ola trail which
/ unfortunately - a good deal obstrurtaf
/ From the parks the ascent Of the mount
! an Tor sel feet is such that Il has heen
made by c3ild. The view from this noirt
comprises two OF the finest glaciers OF The
mountain and particularly the grand nortn
anphtheater. having a ciT 500 feet \, yb
the srandest view on the Coast The con
dltion % development % the glaciers ana
/ clns IS SUCH as - render no slope rnur,
more savage. and SIS beauty il rnore
splendid than the south slope II * n -
I regretted that through the neglect Of ne
/ tran the region IS fast relapS.ng into an
I irr "a "a nit e-