The morning times., 1895-10-21

The relations OF capital to labor, so far
as these apply to strikes and lockouts
during the past seven and one-haH years,
are exhaustively treated in the annual
report of Hon. Carroll D. Wright, com
missioner OF labor, which was made public
yesterday.
The report shows that during the fore
going period Illinois had the largest num-
Der of establishments affected, both by
strikes and lockouts, there having been
1O,063 of the former and 1,193 of the
latter New York came second on the list
with 9,540 esta blishments involved in
strikes and 723 iockoats, and Pennsylvania
third with S,219 strikes and 49O iockouts.
INDUSTRIES MOST AFFECTED.
The industries most affected by strikes
during the seven and one-half years in
cluded in the report werethe building trades
with 20,7S5 establishments involved, coal
and coke with 5,95S, clothing with 3,041,
tobacco with 2,506, food preparations with
2,3eS, stone quarrying and cutting with
1898, metals and metallic goods with
1881, transportation with 1,S27, printing
and publishing with sos, boots and shoes
with GOT, furniture with 450, wooden goods
with 409 q nd brick W ith 406 establishments;
while those most affected by lockouts were
the building trades with l,9o0, stone
Quarrying and cutting with 4SS, clothing
with 431, brewing with $50, boots and
shoes with 100, metals and metallic goods
with 12S, and transportation with 112
establishments involved.
The total number OF employees involved
or thrown out OF employment during the
period covered by thereport, was 2,39l FOB.
The total number of strikers or persons
originating the strikes was ,S3i,212.
There were 239,i31 new employees after
the strikes of the foregoing period OF which
115,3T7 were brought from other places.
Lockouts were ordered in 1888 estab-
lishments. having 2T1,657 employees before
the lockoutS. of which 205,S61 we're thrown
out of employment in consequence thereof.
These establishments secured 1895 new
enlployes after the lockOuts, $500 OF
which were brought from ether places.
WHERE THE STRIKES OCCURRED
An interesting feature of the report
is the tabular statements showing the
States in which the ma 5ority of the strikes
and locSoutS were located. These were
five in number and were, respectively,
Illinois, Massachusetts, New YORK, ONO,
and Pennsylvania. The strikes IN TINS
quintet of commonwealths were about 40
llshments in the United States affected by
strikes, while the lockouts were about .6
per cent of all those throughout the
country.
The report shows that these five States
contained 81 per cent OF all the manuiac-
turing establishments and employed 90
per cent of the capital Invested in the
mechanical industries OF tue country, tax
ing the census of 1880 as tue basis Of
computation.
The report shows that out Of n total OF
iO,iS8 strikes for the entire country.
more than 56 per cent occurred in twenty
six cities. The number OF establishments
involved in strikes in The United States
were 46.S63. of which number 81 per
cent occurred in the following cities: New
York, Brooklyn. Chicago, Boston, Ale
gheny and Pittsburg, Philadelphia. St
Louis. Cincinnati. Milwaukee. Lynn, Fall
River. San Fra Ecisco, Baltimore, New
Haven, Newark. Cleveland, Rochester. In
dianapolis, Haverhill. Minneapolis, Pater-
SON. Buffalo, jersey City, ST. Paul, and
Troy.
employees LOST THE MOST.
More than 40 per cent of the strikes in
these cities, which aggregated $500, &C.
Cured in New York. where the wage loss
of employees was nearly Sc. 100000, ex-
elusive of 1892, 600 contributed TO them
| by other labor organizations. while the
loss to employers was a little more than
| S3, 500 900. The number Of strikes in
| Boston was 257, with a loss to the en-
| ployes of 100000. as against S5sS,Ooc
| for the employers. The total number OF
| strikes in Allegheny and Pittsburg was
| 25I, but the loss of wages S7.3T9, ,765.
| while the loss 10 employers was S2,6U0,
| 900.
In Chicago, where the strikes aggregated
| 52S, the loss TO employees reached nearly
| SO 900. 600, while that of the employer.
was nearly S14,500,000. In Paterson
| New Jersey, where the number OF strikes
| was only AZ, the loss TO employees was more
| than 81 COO, 900 as against half that sun
for the employers. The total wage loss tc
the employees during the foregoing periot
| in these twenty-six cities was, in rOunt
| numbers, SIS, ,000, 900, while the loss Il
| employees was something less than S29,
| 100000.
The number of lockouts as compared will
| the strikes for the same period was small
in the aggregate, but the losses incurred
were enormously increased. The total wa!
pa lockouts with n loss of wages to thu
| employees of S12,000,000, while that of th'
employers was nearly half that sum.
SUCCESSES AND FAILURES.
For the period covered by the report, on
| OF the 40, So3 estaDlisninens dIIecteu ID.
strikes success in their demand was gaines
by the employees in 20, 397; partial success
was gained In 4. 775 establishments and fai
ure followed in 81 ,6S7 establishments. Gu
of the 8, $50 establishments having lockout
1883 succeeded in gaining their demands
391 partially succeeded, and 1853 failed.
The leading cause of strikes was for al
| increase of wages, and these represent u
| per cent of the whole number. Thirteel
| per cent were for reduction of hours; pc
cent Were against reduction of wages:
per cent were sympathetic; per cent wer
for increase of wages and reduction of hours
| 4 per cent for a recognition of the union.
The remainder of the strikes are at
tributed to number of other causes of n,
especial general interest.
Curious Scrap of Ancient Verso.
Editor Times: In a recent research o
Oriental translated manu- script in tn