The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1895-06-23

10 me supreme seat Of power in the most
splendid capital Of the world. And he was
not yet fOrty-onet
As LOT war. that had sunk into nutter-
tils ana growing on the horizon. During
ne - year no great battle was fought in
'ope. Napoleon had the land: and the
-. - MdS England's. In the Spanish pen
.'iS1ia' the English and French armies
1saHced ana receded by strategic move
lents- In that country Gen. WelIosIey-
Hau struggled hard to uphold the fortunes
VI er1lnand VII. In 1903 the allies had
SIllSred great hardships and reverses.
i" elesley had TO get himself behind the
tiileS Vi the Torres Nedras. only a short
bay. ne LAY al
Inc reign of King Joseph was estab-
Iished IN the greater part of Spain. At one
Sliie the British arm hardly reached out
doEIy miles from Lisbon. On July p and
y. wellington Qor he was now Lord
Wellington) won the bloody battle of Ia
iaVera. Soult was not able to withstand
hiH' Dut Napoleon sent more than $4,000
men across the Pyrenees, and the British
win their allies were Obliged to find safety
again behind the Torres Nedras. Massena
with MS SIX hundred guns could not dis
iodge or drive his enemy further. He could
not tempt Wellington into the field. Dur
ing the whole year 1910 the nearest APP
E-~@-+A ~ q bdALlt was IndL Oh BuSacO.
Where on the 9th of September the French
suffered an unimportant reverse Not un-
III the 9TH of May 1911, were the British
able in the open field to capture Almeida;
not until the 18th of January, 1912. did
Cludad Rodrigo yield to Wellington. on
the 9TH of April he captured Badajoz
Twice already Joseph Bonaparte had
been driven from the throne: and twice
mad he been replaced by the emperor. His
third flight from his precarious kingdom
ala not occur till 1913, when he left Cadiz
never to return. Napoleon with his new
empress sat for while in Paris. There
were other domestic troubles beside his
own. He had obliged King Louis of Hol-
land to marry Hortense Beauharnais In
this case there was repugnance on both
sides. Louis wanted a schoolmate of his
sister Caroline, and Hortense, horrible
dictu, loved not Louis hut Napoleon! So
said scandal which has not yet died out
of the world. The king and the queen
were never at one. Napoleon wished Louis
to govern the Dutch for him; and Hor-
tense supported this theory. Louis showed
signs of practical sense. and would rule the
Low Countries for their own advantage.
Holland was closely allied in interest with
England; for commerce was the resource
of both.
From the Pyrenees to the Baltic and
eastward to the limits of the continent
the war-feets and merchandising of Eng
land terrorized and tempted the nations.
The need of Europe for the products OF
Great Britain was an argument that tan
talized all harbors from Riga to Sevasto-
pol. Europe was hungry for goods, and
the continental blockade forbade It. In
lSlO-u the anti-French party in St. Pc
tersburg was reinforced by the CONNER
cial classes demanding Intercourse with
England. The car, though he had rat-
fed the treaty of Schonbrunn, looked with
ever-increasing jealousy on the unap-
peased ambition of his friend Bonaparte
He saw the Duchy of Warsaw growing on
his borders. He saw Oldenburg. a fief of
the Romanoffs, annexed to the French en-
pire. He saw the wellnigh successful at
tempt to construct a northern confedera-
ton out of Warsaw, Denmark and Swe,
den. He saw sixteen nations contributing
their quotas to the Grand Army of France
He saw in his own. harbors the secret
violation of existing agreements, and
blinked the offense. From that day the
prodigious final struggle Of France and
Russia was inevitable. Alexander con
cluded treaty with the Sultan, and
planted an army of $4,000 men on his wes-
tern borders.
The crisis came by the act of Sweden
The childless Charles XIII. had taken for
his heir that Charles John Bernadotte
whom we saw at Austerlitz. Marshal of
France and Prince of Pontecorvo, he be-
came, in 1910, crown prince of Sweden and
Norway. Like Louis Bonaparte in Hol-
land, he was lukewarm in supporting the
continental blockade; for the Swedes were
in need of British goods. The pennon of
st. George began to be seen in the harbors
of Pomerania. Bernadotte would not expel
the ships of England, and in reprisal the
Swedish vessels were seized in the ports
of Germany. Marshal Davout, sent into
Pomerania to enforce the blockade, en-
forced it, and Bernadotte appealed to the
car for aid. Alexander heard the call, and
answered aye! The gage of tremendous
battle was thrown down by the Muscovite
and accepted by the Corsican.
John Clark Ridpath