The Monticellonian., 1895-10-25
CONCERNING STRIKES.

Tenth Annual Report of Carroll ID. Wright, Commissioner Of Labor-statistics of In- terest-Cost to Employers and Elm ployes-Percentages successfuL
 WASHINGTON, Oct. 2t-In his tenth annual report, devoted to strikes and lockouts, which has just been com pleted, Carroll D. Wright, eommis- sioner labor, computes that the loss to employees in establishments in which lookouts and strikes occurred during the thirteen and one-half years ending June 30, 1894, amounted to St90, 493,- 382, and to employers to S94, ,325, S37. The loss to employees on account of strikes was S165, o07, s66 and on account of lockouts $26, ,6o5, 5l6; to employers, on account of strikes, SS2, 59O, 3S6, and on account of lockouts, Sl2, 235, 45I.
 The number of establishments in- volved in strikes in this period Was G. 167, and the number of persons thrown out of employment by reason of strikes, 3,714, 406, making an average loss to the employer of each establish ment of &. 36S, and to each person of S44 The number of establishments in- voIved in loekouts was 6,067, and the number of persons locked out 366, 690. These persons lost an average of SIS each. The assistance given to strikers and the subjects of 1ockouts during the period amounted, as far as ascer- tainab ole, to SI3, 43s, 79i, or little over 2 per cent. of the total loss to em- ployes.
 This report will cover about 1, 200 pages and give all the information as certaina6Ie concerning strikes and | loekouts for the seven and naif years ending June 30, 1894, especially cov- cred by the report. It, however, in- cIudes the figures given in a previous report on the same subject. closing with 1886. The report is largely de- voted to tables, showing the causes, duration, location and cost of these l labo disturbances and also gives many other facts of interest bearing upon strikes and loekouts.
 One of the most important tables given is that relating to the cause of strikes. This statement shows that more than a fourth of them were caused by refusal to accede to a de- mand for increases of wages, over I3 per cent. for q refusal to coneede a re duction of hours, and more than s per cent were caused by the determn na tion Of employers to reduce wages Three thousand six hundred and twenty, or almost per cent. of the strikes, were caused by sympathetic action with other strikes. and LOSS were occa- stoned by the employment of non
 
 fected by strikes in the last seven and d half years were the building trades, with 20, 765 establishments ia- volved. After these, in the order Of importance, come coal and coke, cloth ing, tobacco, food preparations, stone quarrying, etc.
 Out of total of 10, 4S8 strikes in the entire country for this period, 1909, or to exceed 56 per cent. occurred in 26 of the principal cities, while of the estab- lishments involved in lockouts over 6l per cent. occurred in these cities Eff ty-nine per cent of the establishments engaged in strikes were closed on an average of g days, and 64 per cent. of those engaged in lockouts for all aver age of 3o days, the loss of time in oth- CT cases being only nominal. In each case there were few establishments closed permanently.
 Success was gained by the employees in over 43 per cent of the stf ltes, par tial success in over 10 per cent, while the remaining 1T per cent were fail ures. Over 4s per cent of the locilouts succeeded completely and over 10 per cent. partially. The others were fail, ures. In the successful strikes, 669, 992 persons were thrown out of employ ment, 3lS sol in those partially suc- cessfuI and l, 400, ,9ss in those which failed. Of the total number of per sons thrown out of employment by the strikes in the entire period of 13]l years, 7s per cent. were females, and by lockouts. 22 53
 l Of the 0,4s2 strikes which occurred in the seven and half years especial ly covered by the present report, 2, 295 . were ordered by laoor organizations , while of the 442 lockouts of this pc. l riod, only S1 were ordered by organiza tions of employers
 Sixty-nlue per cent. of all the strikes and 76 per cent. of all the lockouts oi the seven-and-a-half-year period treat ed of occurred in the five states of Hi ! nos New York, Pennsy ylvania, Chic and Massachusetts, Illinois taking the lead of all the states of the Union