The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1895-08-23

whore lle uleu 10 GOT ~, no IL now nllu
only s. 80. Ibis IL duo to the awful
depression brought upon British agTl-
culture by thRE trinity Of evils, land
lordisln, bad haTYeatA and foreign com
petition. Not only have tho farm Ia
borOrs' wages been reduced, but his
OhanCes OF employment have dimin'
lshGd. Twenty years ago there wore In
Great Britain 3l,000,0O0 acres OF cult.
waited land-lS,0O00O0 were arabic and
100000 were m capture, To-day
arable and pasture land arc about equal,
and since twice as much labor IL re-
ouired on arabic az on pasture, II will
easily be- seen how the transfer OF two
million acres from the former to the
latter has unfavorably affected the agrl-
cultural laborsr.
GREAT ECONOMIST.
Economically considered, the EnRllHh
workman is a gsntuL The ability to
keep house crediIably onaSmall income
has boon bred into him by long genera
tons Of necessity. lia cuts his coat &C.
cording 10 his cloth. OF Injuries he
knows little or nothing; hence lie Is
happier without them than We could
expect him to bs with them. Carpets
would be offensive to his taste, Coarie
rugs aud oil cloth aud are far preferable
and less costly, In fact, with a tidy
housewife to scrub and color tho brick
floor OF his humble domclle. he can con-
tentedly dispense even with such
adornmenti as those lie is almost al
always musical; yet his restricted hori'
zon nOver tAkss in so costly an appon'
dage as piano, Ills pockotbook aud
taste alike incline him to the flute, the
accordion, or tho violin, aud few are the
working uIaSs households in which one
or other OF these time honorsd inSlru'
manls may not frequently be heard.
What il len OF the Sunday i1iat will
appear at dinner in somG form about
live DAYS in the week. For his other
numerous meals he will not caro- Tor
meat. Neither no nor his ancestors
ever did; hence, he doesn't miss 1t, aud
is, probably, having enough OF other ed
ibles, better oil without,
Here is the budget OF an agricultural
laboror and his wife living IN q village
in Md'Enex. Add aS much again TO
both income and expenditure and throw
into tho expense column the cost OF ssv.
eral children, and il will serve almost
AS well for an approximate budget Of
the average toiler in English towns:
The man. aged about llily, has bsen in
constant employ On farm, aud Il hale
and strong. Ills wife Is also in good
health and two or three years the jun
ior. Income at present time twelve
snilIinRs II week. To this must be add
cd occasional small sums earned by tho
wife by odd jobs Of washing aud char
ing. Expenses approximate rent,
p Cd; Goals, p; bread % Cd; cheese, sd;
bacon, Is Sd; herrinGs Al; butter (mr.
CARMEL, Cd; suudries. 80. This gives a
total Of lOi id for food and shelter, leRv-
ing credit balance OF Is lid. 10 this
must BIO added occasional doloI OF cloth
lug. food and fuel.
Considerable expenGe Ia saved 10 the
English workman by the mildnesS OF
the climate Like his neghbors on tho
continent, he inclines more than wo to
an out.oi.door life. Hero Ia q possible
economy, not ony in light aud heat,
hu. in tho wear and tear OF household
goods. Undertaking is something Of
which tho average British workman IL
blissiuIly ignorant. aud as for Il top coat,
ha must either be very old or very Of.
Terminate before committing himself 10
an indulgence OF that kind. Another
point Of economy il in neckwcar On
week days tho place usually given by
ourselves to a linen collar and silk ito
will ba proudly prs.empted on his per.
son by coarse muller, and few indeed
are tho young fellows in England who
will think suGh luxury rs collar nee.
essary even when they "cleAn up, after
the days work for rambls on the
streets or a call upon their best girl.
TrininE matters these may seem yet IN
the conrao OF year such trivial econ.
omies amount to considerable saving.
To be reminded Of these seeming :riAe'
and OF the habits Of life ont OF which
they spring. helps us to understand, not
only how it is tina. the English work.
man Is 80 skillful in making both ends
meet, but how 1t comes TO pass that
with so limited an income he can do
this 40 cheeriuly and with so little crav.
ing for anything better.
EDUCATIONAL rRo0REss
The progress made in educational
matters has been groN: boon to the
British workman. Not a board school
In the country in 1870; now board
school, or good voluntary schools &C.
cs,sble to all, aud a compulsory attend
anco law in operation. For elementary
pupils these school privileges are free.
Formerly tho workman, besides being
compelled to keep his children OF school
until certain standard or tho thir.
Ieenth year hal been pa4,ei, WA also
compelled to pay a small foe In school
pence; now. il hn DO go minded, he eau
lay by that sum in Il savings bank. The
chioi gain, however, Is within intBllec.
iual aud social lines.
Il. IL impossible to doubt that tho
spread Of knowledge has been tho chief
factor in guiding tho workmen Of Eng.
land to that wiss caro- Of their own in.
terugts which is so strikinglv Indicated
In trades unions and friendly bencli;
societies. This also 1t must have been
which has opened t9 them 40 many op.
portunlticl Tor sharing in tho respond.
hlity of government. Tho most inhsx.
iblO Of caste systems will Yield finally,
nj least to some extent, before the
claims Of clearly demonstrated merit;
aud 40 It has been in England. Not
only In parliament has labor touni a
voice, bHt "a iaAasHes Ia felt--tN more
powerfully ialt-in tho government OF