davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
! L Oluuu, ~ i
HOTEL.
1 r Cowie, Cal
r d Hatch, Nov
Or w Sposati, ST
Hiss A Cumnlin
! Katz, Suffer c
: p Stacy & W,
! a Hughes, SaI
G McCallum,
] Hebron, Sal
w Fulmer, Lo,
IRIS l. Mckay, v
; Hollender & 81
: II Farrar, Mer
ID Murphy, De
Il + Lewis, Peta
+ T Patterson, ]
| McCOwen, US
Z T Devlin, Sact.
Dan Carr, Placer
IRIS r Mitchell, I
2 l. Reed, Jun
\ L NfcNealy, G.
> Deven 81 w, !
-OUSE. q
II Higgins, 30!
frs g Marshall,
= u Suaip Il "
SAN FRANCISCO call"

BUSINESS OFFICE ofthe san Francisco CALL
no Market street, open until - o'clock every
night in the year.
BRANCH oFFICES-53O Montgomery street,
corner Clay: open until $3.50 O'Clock.
500 Hayes street, open until $50 o'clock
III Larkin street. open until 8 80 o'clock.
SW. corner Sixteenth and Mission streets open
until O'Clock.
25lS Mission street. open until O'Clock.
1l6 Ninth street omen until 80 O'Clock
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
CHURCH NOTICES

re HOWARD-ST. METHODIST EPISCO-
GS~D pal Church. between Second and Third sts.,
two blocks from Palace Hotel-Rev. w. w. Case,
DID,. pastor; Martin Schultz musical director;
w. +. Gibson, Sunday school superintendent.
Hours of public services, II A.. NJ. and Z :45 p NJ.
Sunday-school at 1890. Prayer-meeting Wednes-
day evening. Epworth League at 6:45 Sunday
evening. Subject OF morning sermon: THE Last
Days" Subject of evening sermon: "The Power
Of the Resurrection" Prelude on THE exciting
events of the week" Pastors residence, 2026
Howard ST.; telephone 6065.
49, CENTRAL METHODIST EPISCOPAL
us Church, Mission street bet. Sixth and Sew
enth-The pastor Rev. DIR. Ollie, will preach morn
ing and evening. Morning subject, Spiritual Dis
cernment''; evening, "Why Do Men Steal?'-
eighth in series on the Decalogue; prelude, "a
Carnival OF Crime" Sunday-school, r. V. Watt
superintendent. at l p. NJ Young Peoples meetings
at $50 P. NJ. Midweek prayer-meeting Wednes-
day evening" z AS.
RS ST. JOHNS PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,
4F-S corner California and Octavia streets-Rev.
D. Hanson Irwin. pastor, will preach at II A. NJ.
and z AS p. NJ. Sabbath-school 9:45 A. NJ. Young
Peoples Society of Christian Endeavor at 80 p. NJ.
Prayermeeting Wednesday evening at 1880 p. NJ.
Everybody made cordially welcome.
- HOWARD PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
9~S Mission ST.. near Third-Rev. F. r. Farrand
the pastor will preach at A. NJ, subject, Al Jesus
and Nathaniel" and at 1880 p. M, subiect, "Who
Is My Neighbour" sunday-school at $50 A. NJ.
Young Peoples Society of Christian Endeavor at
6:l5 p. NJ. Prayer meeting on Wednesday evening
at 7:45 O'Clock. All are kindly invited TO these
services.
F~1SP FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,
IF~S Van Ness ave. and Sacramento st.-The
pastor, Rev. Robert Mackenzie, DID,, will preach
at IL A N. The associate pastor, Rev. w. c. Mer-
ri will preach at AS p. NJ, taking for his sub
iect, 'San Franclsco's Harvest Of Wild Grapes. -
Sunday school at l2:45 p. NJ. Young People's
Society of Christian Endeavor at $3.50 r. NJ
Prayer meeting Wednesday evening at Z AS o'clock.
All are welcome TO these services.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
HOTEL ARRIVALS.
PALACE HOTEL

AI1<AS1 d
J w Burke, San Jose
] Lang & WI, Portland
J Jacobs 81 VT, Portland
+ L Romans IL wi. y Y
T j Kenyon, Salt Lake
T Lowe Jr d W, Echo Mt
] j Merrill & VT, st Paul
I Weller q VT, st Louis
Miss Wells, Tenn
] 7 Wares & W, Chicago
I II McGib, Boston
w f Beecham, Chicago
c Miessner, Pa
] Joseph, Noblesville
Miss E A Joseph, NobleI
G. II Gillett, Chicago
G NJ Proctor, Petoluma
G 5 Arnold. \ Y
H Moss, Lancaster, Pa
S IL Jenkins, n Y
Mrs W Edgar, \ Y
C II Prior & ", Minneap
NJ Scott, st Louis
III Hilliges, Manilo
II T. Hoesta, Pittsburgh
w F Rupp, Pittsburgh
B ] Hamm. Cleveland
III F Parke & W, st Paul
c w Ko~ns & W, Topeka
L Buckingham & w. Neb
Mrs J l. Wheeler, Mason {
A F Currier, Boston
s II Winchell & W, Ind
Miss Jack, San l. Obispo
Miss Goodall, Oakland
w w Heffeefenger, Oak
Mrs L J Reynolds, 5 J
G H Ripley, Burlingame
+ n Voorhees,, Phila
w J Robertson IL W,
Cleveland
J l. Wilson, Va
+ f Brennan q W, n Y
] c Riley, LONDON
F w Carey, Lafayette
G Brooke & ", MINI
Mrs l. Burroughs, Wyo
Alice de Lamater, Jcksn
o Fasse, Toledo
l. 5 Hastings, Angelica
T B Morris, Jacinto
A l. Bigbie, Nevada
G. G. IL sherman IL W,
c Z Butler, n Y
GRAND
NJ Williams, Salinas
\ A Redington, Sacto
T Harris, MERGED
w b McDongall, Jmstwn
] + Prewitt & W, Auburn
n J Nisssen. San Diego
c II Clark & W, Cedar X
G w Mason & w, Almeda
J w Bailey, Mass
J r Russell, Cincinnati
G s Hammond, \ Y
] c Boscha, Salt Lake
Observation-Disclosures, Seattle
] Bent, San Diego
C A Thomson, 5 Brbara
G w Porter, Sacto
T Hunt, indianapolis
r c Wilson, Cal
p 5 Tracy, Placerville
J Mckee, Placerville
X c Irvine, Sacto
G A Wiley, Davisville
Meyer Greenberg, StLouis
S w Paterson. Los Ang
LICK
c Brigham & W, Boston
n NJ Orr, Stockton
+ w Allen, San Jose
Mrs w T Jewell, Or
w II Sheldon, Galveston
G B Mckee. San Jose
b Marx, New York
+ g Ostrander, MERGED
Thos Love, MADEIRA
Sol Nathan. Susanville
Timothy Lee, Sacto
BALDWIN
r T Walsh, San Jose
II c Mc0rlee, Oakland
w II White, Mendocino
A Stein, Sacramento
S Bullen. Salinas
Mrs + W Hale, Sacto
NJ Levy, y Y
II Rosenthal, Baltimore
Cagt Loersen, Chicago
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20


J II Curran. N Y
J Jacoby. n Y
r n Beal, Y Y
A X Smiley IL WI, n Y
L NJ Jones & VT, Toledo
Mrs II f w Schultz, st
Paul
II G Sleight d wi, Tenn
Miss Sleight, Tenn
Il II Currier 81 w,Chicago
II Mcfarland & d, Ill
II Miessner, Pa
B i Scranton, Ohio
A Louis Alvarey, Phila
II L Mark, Chicago
J F Reynolds Il w, Ind
Miss f G Bowman, Y Y
] T Dennis, Wis
r G Brown & w, Miss T
Brown, Oakland
A b Law, Omaha
II Allen, Sioux City
r FL Spencer, Trenton,
Ont
c II Bardwell, Chicago
J Messntr Jr, Pittsburgh
G II Starkee, st Paul
B T Lewis & w, Topeka
L L Jester, Texas
L III Kortey & W, Neb
J + Steuart & W, n J
G p Cherebro & w, Mo
Mrs r c Jack, S L Obispo
Miss Coleman, Oakland
Mr. & Mrs Magee Jr, Oak
Miss CoXhead, Oakland
Miss f r Holmes, Mass
/ G Boss, Belmont
Miss Voorhees,, \ J
r Ii Weddee & W, Kans
j Hashley & w, Kans
Miss Leipp, Va
Miss NJ Hayes, n Y
+ Nj Hoston, Denver
f LCharles & w, st. Lous
W c Leiferman & W, Wyo
d NJ de Lamater, Jackson
Zoe de Lamater, Jackson
Mrs Botsford, Cleveland
+ G Lusk, Chico
r r Colgate, n Y
G r Newell & w, MINI
l. Folund, \ Y
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
SEWING MACHINES.

GEWING-MACHINES RENTED, ST so PER
- month; all kinds repaired; machines sold from
90 upward. 13eS Market st.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
SITUATIONS wANrED-oontinued.
FEMALE HELP WANTED.

WANTED-BY TRUSTY YOUNG MAN AS
w Waterman in store, hotel or private house. or
run elevator Address +. W.. 1916 Pine st.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

DR. C. II. SPENCER HAS DISCOVERED
IL how to grow new hair and save what you have:
e large class under treatment Send address for
book explaining treatment, 1906 Market, Also
lady partner wanted with $3.50 to open up ladies'
department.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

TYPEWRITERs AND SUPPLIES.
koR BEST VALUE GET A CALIGRAPH; IL
L lasts longest and does best work NAYLOR
agent, 10 Montgomery ST.; rents; REPAIRS Mimeo
graphs: supplies.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
HELP wANTED-Continned.

DoY-MUST UNDERSTAND SPANISH: 8
ID evenings week state age; wages expected.
f. 1. H., box IA, Call Office.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
PERSON AIS.

, THRIENDS AND ACQUAINTANCES OF MR..
L and MRS. B. BEER, 1920 Geary ST., are cor
daily invited to be present at the placing OF the
tombstone of their beloved son, SIDNEY BEER,
SUNDAY. April 81, at halfpast IL O'CLOCK Salem
| rar
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

CWEDISH COOK, $40; 4 GENERAL HOUSE
= work girls, $40 to 800 German cook, San
Mateo, $50 Oakland, $685. Berkeley, $50, San
Lorenzo, S25, Bakersfield, $780, ranch cook, $35. 8
Stockton
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
DRESSMAKERS.

HAY & CO.. 315 GEARY-FASHIONABL
IL Ladies' Tailors: test.Parsian styles; interior
trade solicited; personal fitting not necessary send
waist on measurement: goods and findings com
plete from $15 up; suits from So up; mourning
orders in u hours: fit guaranteed.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

r DAN WANTED-sl6OO WANTED ON I'M
- proved real estate security for one year: land
near the city will pay IL per cent per annum Ad-
dress CYR Rus P. EVERToN, box 50, Call Office
oW RATES; CITY, CoUNTRY: COLLAT
- erai securities. TRAVERSE, 3lS Montgy.
WANTED-TO BORROW 5000: WILL PAY
~ ~ per cent with good security Address s.,
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20
AGENTS WANTED.


M ANTED-6 FIRST-CLASS CANVASSERS
w to introduce best atlas up to date Call to u
A.. NJ, ANDREWS, City Hall ave.
A GENTS TO SELL DAISY LANTERN; SAM
IA pie by mail % cents sells at first sight: active
agents make SIS day. KENNEDY'S NOVELTY
AGENCY Oakland, CAL
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

DOCK ON RHEUMATISM, GOVT AND LUM-
ID baeo sent free TO those sending their addresses
to E. NJ CHESSMAN Manufacturing Co.. Pitts
hnrnrh "a
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

FURNITURE WANTED.
T c. MUTHER, THE AUCTIONEER, BUYS
- f. furniture at highest cash prices. Fourth ST.
CHOW CASES, BAR, RESTAURANT CANDY
Coutfts fixtures, ETC. bought and sold. 125 Fifth ST.
FURNITURE, COUNTERS, SHOWCASES
l. restaurants bought, sold. ANDERSON, l12l Mkt
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

COMPETENT WOMAN WHO IS GOOD
- COOK would like place in private family, or
would do any kind of work by the day or week
Please call or address 500 Seventeenth ST., near
Mission.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-04-20

THE NEW LOUVRE DINING-PARLORSlAT
L 8-l4 O'Farrell st. are the talk Of the town.
ZINE SUITS, SIS; DRESS PANTS, $4 rs.
IL Misfit Clothing Parlors, IA Geary st.
The morning call., 1895-02-12
THE CAUSES OF EARTHQUAKES.

One of the modern problems of science
has been the cause of earthquakes. There
has really been little added to our stock of
knowledge on the subject since Humboldt
declared that earthquakes and volcanic
eruptions were due to the never-ceasing
reaction of the hot and molten interior of
the earth upon the thin superjacent crust,
Humboldt's idea was that water, percolat-
ing through assures in the rocks, finally
reached the spot where the heat is so in
tense that stones and metals are held in
solution; the water was, of course, convert
ed into steam, which rolled along the cavi-
ties with irresistible force. and finally ex-
panding to a volume larger than the
cavities would contain, lifted their roof
and caused the earth above to tremble
with wave-like motion. This notion was
unsatisfactory to men of science, but in the
absence of any other it has been accepted
for many years.
Now more simple theory has been sug-
gested by Prince Krapotkine. Referring
to the numerous horizontal strata of rock
which separate the crust from the center of
the earth, he observes that some of these
are softer than others, and more liable to
De QlSlHltSIdtSO Ny WdtC4' IhlOuSAl IliO
superintendent strata water is all the
time trickling upon these soft rocks until
at last they assume pasty condition and
are unable to bear the weight of the rocks
above them. When that takes place the
latter crush the paste below and slide
down. This change of position involves a
displacement of all the rocks above, and
the result is an earthquake.
This theory is now before the world of
science and will be discussed in due order.
1t does not supersede the volcanic theory.
Some earthquakes are SO manifestly con-
nected with volcanoes that their cause is
apparent, but the earthquakes which occur
at distance from centers of volcanic
activity would seem to have different
origin. Prince Krapotkine very justly says
that if earthquakes were caused by a vast
body of water suddenly converted into
steam they would blow everything above
the steam into atoms, as the explosion of
steam boiler.
A curious feature of earthquakes is that
they almost always occur at or near the
seacoast, and especially on or near coasts
which are elevated, and which border on
deep sea. Hence it has been supposed that
they originate at the bottom of the sea,
where the rocky bed is always covered
/,
The morning call., 1895-02-12
ROAD IMPROVEMENT.

The suggestion of General Roy Stone
that the convict labor at Folsom should be
employed in crushing stone for use in
macadamizing roadbeds deserves the care
full consideration of all who have authority
to deal with the subject. 1t is pertinent to
one of the most important problems of the
State and seems to be entirely practical
and economical.
After visit to Folsom and careful in
spection of the conditions there General
Stone is of the opinion that California
ought to be able to quarry rock cheaper
than it can be done anywhere else in the
United States. He estimates that the State
can provide crushed rock delivered on
board ears and pay all the expenses of the
prison at 20 cents cubic yard; and that
the railroads ought to be able to transport
it for 100 miles at not exceeding 30 cents per
cubic yard. On these estimates the total cost
of the crushed rock TO counties within ra-
dius of 100 miles of Folsom would not be
more than 30 cents; and as it requires 600
cubic yards to macadamize road mile
long, when laid nine feet wide and four
inches deep, it will be seen that the work
of road improvement would be made cheap
enough to be undertaken on a large scale.
The Importance of State aid in the work
lies in the fact that many of the counties
of the State have but a sparse population,
are comparatively poor and are hardly
able to improve their roads at the usual
cost of crushed rock, which in many places
is as high as So cubic yard. 1t is exactly
in these poorer counties that have the
most need of good roads that the State
would receive the largest proportional ben
eft from assisting in the improvement,
for such roads would open the cheaper
lands of the State and make homes for
thousands of families who cannot afford to
pay the high prices that are commanded
by lands in the rich valleys.
Good roads, in fact, are necessity of the
time and the conditions OF the State.
Whatever advances them will be beneficial.
Let the convicts crush the rock at Folsom
and the tramps be set to work ON the
highways. These will make good contri-
button toward the task of improvement,
and then with the expenditure of such
money as the counties can afford in hiring
men, the next few years will show won
derful development in our country roads.
The morning call., 1895-02-12
A POET IN SIBERIA.
BY GEORGE KEENAN,, TRAVELLER.


/ remember peculiar story connected with
an exile l met at Tomsk, in Western Siberia.
His name was Felix Volhkovsky; he was an ex-
ceptionaliy 1ovable and gifted sort OF fellow,
besides being poet. Among other things he
had translated a number of Longfellows works
into Russian.
Felix Volhkoysky was undergoing life SEN
tence, on the charge of being connected with
some party that had tried to overthrow the
Government. The hardest part of his exile
was tnat they would not let him do any liter
ary work, though he had managed to write one
volume OF poems surreptitiously, and have it
published under an assumed name The pro-
ceeds OF this work were about all he had to
live on.
often said to him: 'Why don't you try to
escape? Anything is better than eating out
your heart here," but he always answered.
"How can leave my wife and three children ?
1t would be impossible for us all to escape
After | left Tomsk Felix yolhkovsky CORE
sponded regularly with me for two years. OF
course could not write directly to him, but I
sent the letters to a friendly Government
official, who saw that he got them. Quite sud-
denly his letters stopped coming. wrote sew
eral times, but received no answer, and then
other conviets wrote that Felix Volhkovsky
had been sent to the mines in Eastern Siberia
and had probably died there.
About year after that I was greatly sur
prlsed to receive a letter in Felix's handwrit-
ing with the postmark of Vancouver, British
Columbia. "He can never have mailed it him
self, thought, but when 1 opened the letter
The morning call., 1895-02-12
MINING INTERESTS.

Along the mother lode from the northern
to the southern boundary line of the State
there has recently been a noticeable revival
of the mining industry. There is no re-
source which promises TO more richly re-
ward intelligent effort and the investment
of capital than gold mining.
Notwithstanding the immense amount
of gold which has in the past been taken
from the soil of California, far greater
quantities await the developing hand of
enterprise. The work that has been done
is insignificant when compared with the
territory yet untouched that is known to
be auriferous.
To any one not acquainted with the
geology of the mining sections an inspec-
ton of the mines now in operation would
reveal a new world of wealth, and indicate
a field of industry of proportions so vast as
to cause many others of seeming import
ance to pale into insignifcance The
placer fields, rich as they were, were but
mere indications of the wealth that lay
hidden in the quartz seams of the rock
ribbed mountains; they yielded but mere
specks of gold which had been by the ac-
ton of the elements detached from the ore
bearing lodges.
There is scarcely safer investment than
gold mining when it is prosecuted by prac-
tical men who have at their command suf-
fcient means with which to perform the
necessary development work. The amount
of gold contained in a ledge is only indi-
Gated by the outcroppings in a superficial
way. Courage and coin are both neces-
sary to the proper development of quartz
ledge. Often the indications are followed
but short distance and work is. aban-
doned, when a judicious use of a little
more capital would have uncovered the
wealth that lay but little further on.
The insurance principle applied to gold
mining in California never fails, given
other proper conditions. If an individual
errs in his judgment concerning prospects
he may use his entire capital before he
uncovers rich deposit. A company with
abundant capital that is operating num-
Der of mines may fail in one instance and
earn enough in others to more than cover
the loss. In fact, every gold mining COM
pany in California which is carrying on
business on this principle is to-day in
prosperous condition.
The greatest stdevelopments during the past
year have been made in Amador, Calaveras,
Tuolumne, Mariposa and Kern, but from
Siskiyou to San Diego there is noticeable
activity. There are thousands upon thou
sands of acres of mining territory yet un-
touched, and much of this will shortly be
developed. In this connection the impor-
tance which attaches to the electrical
transmission of power is notable. Many
mines which formerly could only be oper-
ated at an expense closely approaching the
margin of profit are now managed econom-
ically with power from distant streams
transmitted over the mystic wire.
The morning call., 1895-02-12

why, China grows fine grades of cotton in
Se-chuen and other provinces, and labor is
abundant, cheap and intelligent. But it
was not found that the Chinese mills
diminished the demand for English cot
tons. 1t will probably be different in
Japan. There the mills are running to their
fullest capacity, the owners are making
money, and new mills are in course Of
erection. 1t will not be long before Japan
has a surplus of cotton goods to export.
How would it suit Great Britain if one of
the conditions of peace with China were
a differential tariff admitting japanese
cottons into the Celestial empire at lower
rates of duty than European goods?
These facts, moreover, are hardly less
interesting to us than to the English.
They add new proof to the thousand
proofs already in evidence, that COM
pletely protective tariff is necessary to the
welfare of our people. Capital might pos
sibly hold its own in competition with
that of Japan, but labor could not. In
view of the fact that the free-trade element
is still powerful and active in the Demo-
cratic party, the rise of manufacturing
power in Asia is too important to be over
looked. 1t concerns our politics and en-
phasizes the need of holding public senti-
ment more firmly than ever on the side OF
the great party of protection that stands
for the advancement of American industry
and the prosperity of American homes.
The morning call., 1895-02-12
Personal.

William Beckman, the Sacramento banker, is
in town.
John j. Doyle OF Mountain View is visiting in
the city.
John Powers of Fresno arrived at the Lick
yesterday.
H. NJ. La Rue of Sacramento came to town
last night.
Dr. C. Portius of Chico is among the guests at
the Grand.
A. B. Jackson, banker from Salinas, is
guest at the Grand.
A. V. Oliver, a mining man at West Point, is
staying at the Grand.
James B. Burdell registered at the Palace last
evening from Burdells.
Colonel Park Henshaw and wife of Chico are
staying at the Occidental.
E. ]. Cahill, civil engineer at San Martin,
Santa Clara County, is in the city.
W. J. Tuska has engaged rooms for the win
ter at the Palace with his wife and son.
J. Ross Trayner, fruit commission merchant
at Marysville, is making business visit to the
city.
E. C. Mears, retired army officer of Portland,
Or, is visiting in this city. His wife accom-
panies him.
r. S. Cary the Sacramento capitalist who
sold out his street railroads to corporation
arrived yesterday
w. S. Maben, the famous trotting- horse
driver who has made many fast run, is here
from Los Angeles.
N. Wines, who is known in Southern Cali
fornia as q stage-owner and horseman, is here
from Santa Barbara.
w. H. Kennedy, a civil engineer, who has
surveyed railroads from Salt Lake City to Cali
fornia, is staying at the Palace.
The morning call., 1895-02-12
LABOR IN JAPAN.

A recent report on the condition of labor
in Japan is of interest in view of the new
position which the present war will enable
that empire to assume in the family of
nations. 1t is evident that after imposing
their will on China, the japanese will take
a stand which will compel other foreign
nations to reckon with them seriously.
The great bulk of the Al 100000 Japanese
people wear cotton clothing. They grow
the raw material at home. Until lately, un-
der the tariff which was imposed on Japan
by the European powers, a large proper
ton of this clothing was supplied by Eng
land, France and Germany, chiefly by
England. But few years ago, under the
counsels of Marquis Ito, the Imperial Gov-
ernment started cotton factories; when
they were in full running order they were
disposed of to manufacturing companies.
They do not supply all the cotton cloth
which Japan consumes, but they come
pretty near it. Some of the mills are large,
and are supplied with the best and newest
English machinery. One of them-at
negafuchi-employs 21OO men and 370O
women.
The wages paid seem to us absurdly low
The average pay of weavers and spinners
is Is cents day for twelve hours work;
the women get 6 cents day. Once day
there is a recess of forty minutes for din
ner, which is supplied for 11I cents. TAX
ing the factories all round three women
are employed for every man. The mills
are highly profitable, and pay large divi-
dends to their stockholders.
1t is evident that there will grow UP in
Japan seats of manufacturing industry
which will menace the control of Asiatic
markets by the English. From causes
which have never been satisfactorily ex-
planned the Chinese have not made sue
cess of cotton-spinning. Some years ago
Ii Hung Chang imported English machin-
cry and English workmen and built mills
at Shanghai and other points. But the en-
terprise did not work. it is not easy to see