New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1895-08-18
SUBJECTS AT CHAUTAUQUA.
SERIOUS INTERESTS OF THE WEEK.
r.,x Apor-r FARM MATTERS. STORIES OF THE
WAR. CONDITIONS IN CHINA AND
COLLEGE SETTLEMENTS.

WAR CONDITIONS IN tHiHA AMI
COLLEGE SETTLEMENTS.
Chautauqua. Aug. IL tSpeciaD'-The week just
mast presented a rich and varied programme 10 the
dwellcrs beside Chauauquas beautitul Iake ana
music lectures, pleasures ana meetings hiied the
hours from the first bell at In the morning until
the chimes rang their goodnight peal from the
,ower And the weather smiled on the boatoads
~ excursionists who thronged the grounds on
Grange Day
chancellor Vincent made an address Of welcome
and depicted the Ideal farm home, with It's tele-
phone connecting with the city, Its books ana
music combining all the advantages OF town and
country H. Gon. treasurer of the Grange Associa-
,ion made an address in which he said that many
Young men accepted poor places in the city be-
cause they could not have preference III the couh-
try Professor Roberts, Of Cornell, addressed the
meeting in the afternoon. on the subject OF ana
and said that the matter Of soil was matter OF
importance Out OF the rocks which were the prod
uct of ages there come plant life and material for
q higher building than plants in the potent forces
of nature, even man himself. +. L. SchrauD, state
Commissioner of Agriculture, made the closing al
dress and said that he loved the Grangers because
their primary idea the uplifting OF the farmer
class into an appreciation OF their surroundings
conditions and possibilities of American citizenship
Mr. Schraub said that there was remarkable
state of affairs regarding the butter and cheese
products one county in New-fork produced last
wear r. 900 900 pounds of cheese but the exports 60
ing out OF New-York City were the smallest in
many years and prices had gone away down.
"Rritan dominates commerce and fixes the prices,
said the lecturer 1--WE Americans have a fashion
of telling how we licked John Bull. and could do II
again but while we are Dragging they are working
They have cheese factories In Canada they sehd
exnerts 70 this place and that and find out Jusi
what kind OF cheese the trade demands, ana then
they make that kind and Of course find market
nvn WIV
sell where we can. In the State of New-fork there
are 62s cheese and butter factories. and we have
five men as experts on this question III Is inpossl
Bile for them to visit, much less direct the labor OF
these factories Then the British say, We must hoid
our trade with own people so they go TO Am
sterdam and New-Zealand. great gfaZng countries,
and plant their factories there, ana the first We
know about IL is the flood of production thai comes
pouring into our markets. Last year 1900 packages
were shipped from New-York. 1000 from Montreal
That is the competition against which we have 10
fight Ard all their packages are stamped inside
and out with the laJcl Of contents one OF the
greatest struggles NewYork has had has been to
get the Commissioner Of Internal Revenue to have
every package stamped for what it is. and at last
in response to the petitions of the Spanish Govern
ment this has been done. and oieomarSarine worth
about cents a pound can no longer be sold to the
STANDARDS of South America for butter worth 10
cents"
THE END OF The CONf ElJlstAO1
The great amphitheatre had not vacant seat the
other afternoon when General John b. Gordon. OF
Georgia. United States Senator. made his stirring
address on The Last Days of the Confederacy.'
"The sun Of the ConfeGeracy reached its zenith
said the General when 1t touched with its burning
beams the field OF Gettysburg. and at Gettysburg ii
went down. leaving behind on both sides record
that has been surpassed. one of the interesting
questions has been why Lee crossed the Potomac
hat inf
comrades we were hungry" explained the lecturer.
in a droll way. "and stood on the other side
and viewed the landscape Ger II seemed a lana
full Of promise. with only the Potomac between o.
and social reciprocity demanded that we pay our
Yankee cousins a visit. moved rapidly and
cheerfully across the stream 10 the land that
stretched so fair and green before our eyes. but l
must admit that after few days trial OF rennsyl-
vania hospitality, crossed back again more
rapidly and less cneerfully. We meant no dlsTe-
spect however our arrangements had been made to
stay all summer. but one or two little things that
occurred at Gettysburg made us change our minds
Twenty months later We came back TO stay, no
longer with flags flying in defiance, but around TINS
old flag whose stars represent the glory OF an me
States. North ana South we came without any
lingering bitterness TO stand once more beneath Its
folds"
render when Grant and Lee stood face TO face, the
with no mark OF rank on his person no air OF
hour OF defeat d Of victory. while outside the men
marched down to stack their guns ana iod theT nag
said at the close o; any war. and whether the old
flag waved Canada or Mexico every American
citizen vas under It's protecting power ana II was
the proudest emblem OF freedom Throughout the
4 recent course Of lectures given by the traveller
Frank O.. Carpenter. OF Washington. proved inter
esting The first was on China place which the
lecturer declared TO be the most wonderful part
OF the universe. He said: China has population
equal one-third Of the rest OF the world its re-
sources the richest the face Of the globe its
mountains are fun OF mineral wealth ana when II
and Birmingham' ana these cities are populated
with laborers who can work for twelve hours day
for 10 or - cents, the problem ana the struggle Will
be upon MS.
WORK OF COLLEGE SETTLEMENTS
college Settlements" was the subject before the
Woman's Club last week and Miss Katharine
Davis. of St Marys Settlement, Philadelphia. made
an interesting address 1T is years since the
College Settlement movement began in America"
said Miss Davis, land in that time considerable
development has been made, and from the two
which started then. one in New York and one in
Chicago there have branched several others Last
May a conference was called in New York. and
many important themes were discussed The last
year has been great one ON the question OF munich
pal reform. and what a college settlement could
pha the general work is turning very much in that
direction for the population in the neighborhood of
the settlement Is largely composed OF Russian Jews
and colored people who know nothing whatever Of
government, and some of them cannot read
write In the midst Of such an element as this
womans settlement has an advantage over a mans
because she cannot De accused OF personal motives
and has wider influence and the boys especially
be influenced 10 see that politics have nothing 10 do
with good civic government If you lived in the
Sums continued Miss Davis, you would see how
apparently hopeless is the task OF introducing
sanitary living, intellectual and educational ideas
because OF the conditions OF life in which these peo-
pie live day by day and these conditions due
to apathy on side and greed on the other This
must be improved before good can be done to any
extent. and If the men of our large cities could only
be reused TO see the needs what a wonderful effect
ii would have, great need Of reform is in the
Street Cleaning Department. for the men employed
do not begin TO do what the law requires OF them
and the law t. not enforced. The city Boards of
Education and the organized charities also use
full lines for the work OF the College Settlement