davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1895-04-02
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
TO ADVERTISERS.

The DAILY LEADER makes . special feature oil
FURNISHING information concerning the advantages
aud resources Of the city of Madison and OF the
state At large emitting II to the patronage OF sd
v~ertisers of every class.
Up. STAHL, Proprietor.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1895-04-02
Fr.nohn.en wiz English Wives.

1t is a curious fact that. notwithstand.
ing the strong prejudice which the
French entertain toward Britain and the
British, the French gentlemen have a
decided preference to British ladies
when they mean to marry. An English
man visiting Paris is surprised at the
number Of English ladies with French
husbands whom he meets in society. II
a British lady of passable appearance re-
mains long unmarried in Paris, the pre-.
sumption is that the fault is her own.
1t is worthy of remark, on the other
hand, that a Briton resident in Paris
very rarely marries q French lady -
French Letter.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1895-04-02

DR.. Prices Croam Balking Powder
Worlds Fair Highest Award.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1895-04-02
A Wife's al Home"

Binks-Wonder where / q find
Winks.
.Jinks-Let's see. This is Thursday,
and Thursday is his wife's day for be-
ing lat home" Guess you'll find him
At the u b.-New York Weekly.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1895-04-02

Homeseeker, do you want a
cheap home in the best portion
of South Dakota
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01
Great Value Of Alfalfa.

b The experiments Of Kansas and Ne
braska farmers, as reported from the
state stations, give conclusive evidence
Of the great value Of alfalfa for these
two states. The report ON its culture
in Kansas, compiled by Secretary Co
burn Of the state board of agriculture,
gives the successful experience of many
farmers in that state. The experiment
station in Nebraska has been collecting
information concerning this crop in that
state. 1t is said all the reports received
speak well Of alfalfa, which is grown in
nearly 80 counties of the state. It has
been most successful in the southwestern
counties.
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01
DEFENSE OF PORTLAND.
IL Will be One Of Naval War Colleges
Problem.


A Descent of the British from Halifax
the Contingency Which is Discussed
Enemy Supposed to Enter Casco Bav
with a Fleet of 10000 Men of all Arms.
The problem prepared for the approach
Ing session of the Naval War College on
Coasters Harbor Island is, like last year
noteworthy for it's intrinsic interest and
It's practical utility The problem OF 1894
concerned the naval defence of New York
against an attack by British forces, oper-
ating mainly through Long Island Sound.
No more Important hypothesis could
have been chosen and it may be recalled
| that substantially the same problem had
| been assigned for examination at an En-
glish institution. This year we find the
scene of operations shifted further East.
1t includes the New England coast north
ward from Nantucket Sound and Cape
Cod, thus supplementing and completi ng
the seaboard studies of this part of our
| Atlantic coast which were begun last
summer The cities especially exposed to
attack are Portland and Boston, and
Great Britain is again the assailant.
Following the method of IRE senting the
annual problem hitherto pursued, we
| find its elements grouped under the three
heads of strategy, tactics and coast de-
fence, these being the conditions sup
posed:
"May 1O.-War is imminent The ene-
my is assembling at Halifax. He is ex-
pected to descend upon the New England
coast. His probable plan is to occupy
| the coast and chief cities from Portland
| to Boston, thereby seconding certain
movements of his land forces His sue
cess depends upon his completing this
occupation before June 10, and maintain
| ing it until July 10. The force destined
| for this purpose is one or more fleets,
whose total strength is three times that
of our fleet, and 20, 600 men in fifty trans
ports Our available force is ordered to
assemble for the present in Nantucket
| Sound.
"May 2O.-War is declared. A feet
| leaves Halifax, occupies Provincetown,
and blockades Boston May 23. Is COM
posed of six battle ships, eight armored
cruisers, IS cruisers, ~ gunboats, IL tor
pedo boats Gains and keeps touch with
our feet, wherever it may be, by means
| of scouts. lfd5
ssOur force is five battle ships, five ar
mored cruisers, fifteen cruisers, ten gun
boats one ram A heavy monitor at Bos-
ton, light one at Portsmouth and an
other at Portland are to be retained at
those points. We learn that much lar
ger force of the enemy is about to leave
Halifax. 1t sails thence May 25, block
ades Portland, occupies Casco Bay and
gains touch with its Provincetown feet
May 27. Is composed of ten battle ships,
| Is armored cruisers, 20 cruisers, 20 gun
boats, 20 torpedo boats and 30 transports,
carrying 20, 900 troops of all arms
Design plan fol meeting this demon
stration Show best disposition of our
forces, and describe in detail our prepa-
rations for the campaign -
Upon this statement of facts the first
questions to suggest themselves are as to
what will be the enemy's line of invest
ment, what his naval bases, and what
the lines of communication for supplying
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01
FREE SILVER IN MEXICO.
Results of Fthe System Shown by a
Traveller.

No Improv sment In the Condition of La
bor-Ra cher the Revcrse-Begging
Pays B. nter Than working and Pro-
visions Are High.
City of Mexico, May 3o.-From the
moment he American travelling into
Mexico gel & in exchange for one Ameri-
can dollar ( two Mexican dollars until,
when on r. ! turning, he gives two Mexican
dollars to ct one American dollar back,
his life is e ull of surprises The order
of horse re K ing here is fair sample OF
how entire i y and completely the civiliza-
ton of Q United States is reversed
in Mexico. ,, There are no better races
than thos d, given by the great Jockey
Club here, yet it is hard to get accus-
toned to seeing thoroughbreds race from
left to rig 1 it instead of from right to left
1t iseql ally difficult to become accus-
toned to d 1e great opulence and excessive
poverty I lich seems to dwell together,
living clos y II than the two extremes are
ever seen existing side by side in the
United St tes The entire social system
in Mexico 4 is interesting, so interesting,
in fact, this it becomes impossible to give
any general outline which would ade-
quately pors ray the habits and customs,
virtues and. vices of the people It must
be handled from time to time in detail,
following fiji 1m their source the laws which
have more u han zone or altitude affected
the life and character of the M Mexicans.
There is, one element which enters
largely intos the life at present in this
country VIII ch is of peculiar interest to
the Americ n people 1t is the currency
system und which they live, and which,
if not the bsn sis of many of the troubles
of Mexicans, failed at least to be of ben
eft to her PEG pie.
Mexico is al lsolutely upon the basis OF
the free and u Unlimited coinage Of silver
The advocates of the same system in the
United States, claim to have pi tehed the
present campas ign, which is being waged
with such vign r. upon fact rather thar
upon theory The free silver orator
claims experien ce as the basis Of his ar
gunent and att ributes to the gold basis
all the ills whiei h have fallen upon the
world since 1875
I came from ID nited States TO Mexico
believing largely in many of the fanaciei
of the free silverx 1n9n, IF I was not an
out and out free oinage advocate I was
to put it mildly, s,f the MeCreary school
of bimetanism. q " stay and study I5asre
have commenced 10 he of one: thing only
that whenever thes United States goes up
on silver basis itk laboring element will
be the one to suffer- and more than any
class or set viii haiH g the hot end of the
stick to b old. -
LAND OF POVERTY AND PALMS.
From the momen L the tourist leaves
the borders of the ERioK KGrande to The
time he reaches the spitaI of the country,
a distance of some s200 miles. he sees
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01

them. Then arises the question where
our feet shall take station, within or
without this line OF investment and at
what point. This requires discussion of
the relative advantages and drawbacks of
suggested stations and the methods of
supply to be adopted in each case.
With the arrival of the first fleet from
Halifax on May 49, comes the question
whether there shall be any modification
IN the strategic plan, and whether the
enemy's communications can be inter
| rupted or so threatened as to divert him
| from his principal objective, and also
what he will probably do to prevent this.
| Two important inquiries at this stage of
operations are whether Nantucket shall
| be retained as the base for the fleet or a
| new one selected elsewhere, and whether
| the enemy shall be attacked at once
| Then comes second stage, in the ar
rival Of the other hostile feet on the 9th
of May, which suggests the question
whether any other change Of plan is need
ed, and also these instructions:
Determine position best suited for the
val defence. Discuss its probable work
| in the campaign.
"Indicate strategic points on land in
| the theatre of operations for assembling
bodies of troops amounting in all to 30, 600
of all arms with a view to concentrating
| to repel landings and advances of enemy s
land forces. State number of troops foI
each point whence drawn and probable
time required for assembly; 2, 600 seamen
and ZOO marines from intrenched camp
| to be included in above. Organize this
| force into proper tactical bodies. =
! Then, turning to the tactics of the
problem, these include the development OF
plans for defending the fleet in Nantucket
Sound and for evading attack by use Of
the three entrances, and for defending
another fleet base whether selected out
side or inside the enemy's line of invest
ment. This leads to the discussion at
length of the tactical value of each harbo1
in the theatre of operations, and a conclu-
sion as to which affords the best security
for an inferior feet
Again, if the strategy adopted requires
attacking the enemy at any point, the
question is whether this shall be by night
or by day, and in what formations, and
by what methods. The hypothesis al
ready given shows that the enemy has en-
tered Casco Bay with transports contain
ing corps Of 90, 900 men of all arms,
which he is to land for an attack on
Portland. Accordingly the question is
how he will dispose ihs fleet and trans
ports for this purpose, and where he will
probably try to land. Should our forces
attempt to attack him during disem-
barkation, and, if SO, by night or by day,
and by what methods? Our ships could
command force of 5000 seamen and
marines, and the question is how these
could be used to retard the enemys land
ing and his advance upon Portland
4 Then the general question of coast de-
| fence brings up third set of considera-
tions. 1t includes the construction of a
war chart and of defence plans for Nam
| tucket Sound; the planning of mine OBJ
structions, MT thods of running the chan.
nels without buoys and lights at night
and in thick weather; communication by
| scout vessels, signals, and telegraph along
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01

ilance of Senators Stewart, Teller and
Dubois, and other western silver men.
Whenever the United States throws open
her mints to the free and unlimited coin
|age Of silver the mining property OF Mex
leo will be enhanced in value in proper
tion as that in Colorado Whilethe value
of property will be enhanced, experience
has shown that the salary of the laborer
will be the same at least as far as Mexico
| is concerned. The dividend of the stock
holder will alone be increased.
The average wages in Mexico range
| from 121a cents to 25 cents day in the
cities and haciendas or plantations, and
| In the remote mining districts there is a
slight increase. All laborers have to
feed or s'1nd" themselves in Mexico
| On all plantations there are stores owned
| by the landlord. What is usually earned
| by labor on the land is always spent with
the owner of it.
| The question naturally arises, especially
after one has heard the prom ises of the
silver men from the floors of congress-
| Why have wages not rises in Mexico?
Why even on a silver basis are they so
much lower than the lowest paid in the
United States? 1t must be remembered,
too, that the wages paid here are in a de-
preciated coin worth only half as much
as the same amount received for labor
| in the United States.
| On all sides one hears the answer that
| the silver basis in Mexico is not respon-
sible for the low wages paid here. Ac-
knowledge SO much, though it is not en-
tirely true, still wages have not increased
or made any advance in the free coinage
of silver.
| Wages are lower, and living higher.
| Since silver has decreased in value to
about one-half, everything produced in
this country which completes with the
markets of the world has increased pro-
portionately. The only products which
have remained at nominally the old
figure are those which do not come in
contact with similar products grown in
countries which have sound currency.
Even coffee, which is one of the staple
products, has risen to such a point as to
practically be beyond the reach Of the
peon and the laborer, while the only beef
ever in reach of the peon is that which is
cut from the murdered animals after the
bull fight.
Butter is SO dear as to make it luxury
to all classes, and it is ordered in restau-
rants as radishes, lettuce and other dain-
ties are got. Beer, which is standard
drink here, sells for Is cents glass, and
the only liquor which is to be had by
the laboring classesy:is native drink
called "pulque, a milk-like looking
beverage, which produces some of the re-
suits of the malt product without possess
| ing any of it's virtues.
Cotton and wheat in Mexico are contin-
ually being pointed to as higher than
| these products in the United States. Such
is the case, and it works well enough for
the few who raise these products, but
they are out Of the reach of those to
whom they are almost necessary to life
/ The reason these products are higher is
from the fact that there is not enough of
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01

poverty and palms fourishfng alike. At
every station he finds himself besieged
by beggars, not the halt, the lame and
the Blind, but by healthy specimens of
humanity, who ply their beggings as
the artisan does his trade. This class is
found In Italy, Spain, and, in fact, all
of the romance countries. but here it
forms such an integral part of the popu-
Iation as to force one to look for reasons
for it, and not to attribute it solely to the
Incidence pursuant upon tropical growth
The rabid gold monometallist would,
without special study, attribute the con-
dition of the laborer here to the financial
system of the country. and, while he
would be partly right, yet the earlier
condition and laws of this people are
proportionately responsible for it. There
was time when the peans, or laboring
class, was in practical slavery; when it
was the law that as long as a peon was
in debt to his employer the laborer could
not leave his service until the debt had
been wiped out. This in most cases
meant lifetime bondage and the peon
must necessarily submit to any hardship
and accept any salary which might be al
lowed. The same law is practically in
force now up to SO of Indebtedness As
long as peon or peasant owes his en-
ployer $40 he can be forced to work GER
tain portion of it out every week. When
the amount is over that sum the only
resort the creditor has is through the civil
courts, the system being similar to that
in the United States.
Therefore the hard conditions of the
poor until practically late date in the
history of this country was largely attri-
butab1e to the laws under which they
| lived. But those conditions no longer
| exist and the law for the Iaborer here
| is as advanced and progressive as in any
country in the world. Yet, while the
Iodious peon laws have been abolished years
ago, the condition of the peon and the
peasant, the artisan and the clerk, have
practically remained the same.
The fact of the matter is begging pays
here. 1t pays because of wages; it pays
| because on the meager salary the peon
draws he is practically excluded from all
forms of luxuries-luxuries here, but ne
Ecessities to the laborers in the states; it
pays, moreover, because the peon can get
as good a living from begging as he can
from working for wages ranging from
121& cents to 30 cents a day.
4 It is pretty poor beggar who cam t
learn in his profession as much as the
taverage laborer gets for his work See
ing so much penury, as we'll as SO much
prosperity, naturally forces one to turn
| to the financial status of the country, and
to discover, if posi- Bile, the causes which
have led to the great development of the
natural resources Of the country, yet from
which the laborer seems to get no profit
nor to increase his creature comforts in the
same proportion as the hills give up their
ores and the earth yields its products.
ARE WATCHING UNCLE SANS
STRUGGLE
| The fight ON the financial question now
on in the United States is being watched
with the same eagerness and interest by
mine owners here as characterizes the Wig
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01

cotton and wheat raised fn-Mexico to sup
ply the home market, and the price is
regulated by the scarcity of the home
Troduct, and the tariff necessary to I'M
port what is actually needed. The peon
and the laborer here live almost exclu-
sively on bread made from rough
ground corn, onions, chile peppers and
pulque
When these facts are pointed out to the
silver man from the States he at once
says that such condition of things could
not exist there, that labor is too well or
ganized to permit such state of affairs
to last. The politician, as we'll as the
laborer, knows that there can be no. ficr
titious value in labor, and that, more
over less than two per cent. of the great
mass of labor in the United States is or
ganized. The low wages here are not
confined alone to what may be termed the
laboring classes, but all salaries are pro-
portionately small. The best of clerks in
the stores get from $50 to 800 month
The most expert bookkeepers cen seldom
get more than from $50 to $125 a month.
Yet in this class of life the clothes they
wear, the food they eat, are bought at
gold prices. While his salary is higher,
yet his necessities are SO much the
greater.
IS A WARNING TO THE UNITED
STATES.
Argue as they will there can be but one
result from silver basis in the United
States, which should be made clear to all
who are dependent for their living upon
their labor 1t is that wages would not
be perceptibly increased and that the pur.
chasing power of those wages would be
diminished almost half. Rents have been
steadily advancing here and they would
be put up in any country which depre-
ciates it's money. Whenever the United
States goes upon silver basis the earning
power of her laborers, artisans and clerks
will be cut almost in half, while the
clothes they wear, the houses they live
in, the food they eat, will be increased
almost double
Seeing the condition of the toiler and
the peasant here in country upon sill
yer basis, it can be but the one prayer
of an American visiting Mexico that his
own country will be spared the folly of
doing what seems now would be an IL
reparable wrong. g.-Correspondence of Chi
cago Herald. d baH A
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01

the foundation forl another most useful
season at the Naval War College, under
Capt. Taylor's able administration, and,
while better preparing still another con-
tingent of our naval officers for their du-
ties, will furnish additional contributions
to the valuable data already collected
through this source for the protection of
our coasts. N. Y. Sun.
The Portland daily press., 1895-06-01
Portland Company.
ANNUAL MEETING.

THE stockholders of the Portland Company
4 are hereby notified that the annual meeting
of this corporation will be held at the Office Of
the company, at their works, on TUESDAY,
tie twenty-eighth day of May. 1896, at three
o'clock in the afternoon for the following pllr-
poses:
Treasurer A.ss es
2nd-To choose Directors for the ensuing
year.
3rd-To act ON any other business that may
legally eoRe before the meeting,
RUFUS d. BEAN. CLERK.
| Portland, May IA, 1895. maylacodal
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1895-07-20

X. beats, j. Bowman, J.C. Atkins,
J. G. Cumberland and Louis q.
Gutzeit.
"A dance, in honor of Miss En-
ma Gersdorff, of Bandera, will be
given tonight at st. Alberts hall.
-Doroteo Rodriguez, 60 years Of
age, died of consumption last night
at No. 405 Monterey street.
-Muth's Pavilion, dancing Sun
day night--Social club. z 20 1t
John Maddox, aged 81 years,
died last night in the city hospital,
from consumption.
Parrots, 33l Alamo Plaza.
720 I'm
The little eight-year-old son of
Nat. Sulzbacher fell off a fence at
his home on South Presa street
yesterday, and was badly hurt.
Parrots, 33f Alamo Plaza.
7201m
Miss Beckie Deutsch, who was
quite i'll yesterday, is in fair way
to recovery.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1895-07-20
LIGHT FLASHES

A41aA - A4SAASS
Ed. Meyer is holding down the
night watch at the Midway saloon
on Main plaza, where he will be
pleased to meet his friends and the
public in general. 720 I'm
Baby carriages at cost at
7202t PAUL WAGNER's.
The second estimate of the
sewer contractors has been filed.
This calls for $1,000 payment from
the city, when the account is
audited.-
NYou can buy a S. tan Butcher
FOR $3.50 at
7-20-1t SULLIVAN SHOE Co.
Mike Shehan was arrested last
, night by Officer Ellis, as a suspi.
cious character.
busters at PAUL WAGNER's
6 20 2t
"A we'll attended dance took
place at Mrs. Donaldson's dancing
school last night.
Hoods Pills have won high
praise for their prompt and efficient
yet easy action.
The policemen on the East
Houston street or Alamo plaza
beat should stop the Stops made by
the dumping of garbage in a leaky
barrel at the fruit stands. Have it
placed on the curbing.
Did you ever think that you
cannot have good health without
pure blood ? Health comes by the
use of Hoods Sarsaparilla, because
it makes the blood pure.
The Weekly Chronicle, pub
lished by Editor McHugo and
Capt. Taylor McRae, in the inter-
ests Of the Popullst party, has
made its appearance.
Go to Vollrath's, 2l7 S. Flores
st., to have your horses shod, bug
gies or carriages repaired. He
treats diseases Of the feet, legs and
faulty gaits. Free delivery to any
part Of the city. Tel. 697. z 20 I'm
The repairs of the sewer re-
Gently opened by the investigating
committee, on Laredo street, are
being made.
Have your pictures framed at
72O2t PAUL WAGNER's.
% The saloon run by l.. J. Furt-
,ner, on Alamo plaza, has been
closed to the public.
The latest designs of picture
moulding to be had at
z 20 2t PAUL WAGNER's
-Wolfson's clerks picnic to Aue
takes place tomorrow.
There was a great rush at Sui.
livan's this week for those $500
and S. Oxfords slaughtered for
Sl.15. 7-20 1t
Special patterns of wall paper
to be had at
'7202t PAUL WAGNER's.
3 "A new Mexican orchestra
struck the city yesterday, and was
out serenading last night.
You will save money by hav-
ing your pictures framed at
7 202t PAUL WAGNER's.
San Antonio Quartette club
held rehearsal at Scholz's last
might.
Look at our window, Sunday
the 2lst. SULLIVAN SHOE Co.
7-20.lt
The Alamo Wheelmen are
inaugurating "good roads" move.
ment among the members and
other cyclists Of the city.
-Hammocks at Paul Wagner's
, Croouet sets. 72O q
An entertainment was given
at st. Luke's chapel last night.
Ladies' gray oxfords worth
$3.50 going for $500 and other goods
slaughtered.
7201t SULLIVAN SHOE 20.
There was a social at the FRS
Baptist church by the young PEG
pie last night.
We are doing nothing to ouI
stock but making 1t fly.
7201t SULLIVAN SHOE Co.
Lawn Tennis goods.
VICTOR II. CoRTINEs,
1916 31I w. Commerce street