The herald., 1895-11-10

steel and coal Of Psnnsylvania. as free a.
the markets of Savannah, of Mobile or
Charleston are to the cotton and fruits OF
the south.
"what different picture this country
presents from what 1t would have pre-,
>ented IL the policy OF restriction and
protection had prevailed among the states
as 1t has prevailed for so many years be-
tween tho United States and foreign
eral policy established BY our oonssitu-
ton. our means of internal commupica.
tion and transportation have increased
and are still increasing, while under the
restrictive anc obstructive policy OF con-
gress our msrohant marine, once a source
peared from the seas; and unless some
thing can be- done to arrest its further de-
cline IL will disappear entirely. Free
commercial intercourse between the
states has encouraged trade, and the de-
velopnsnt Of the national resources. fos.
tered Agriculture and manufactures snd
added untold millions to the wealth OF
the people, while the protective system
maintained by congressional legislation
has, to a large extent at least, shut us out
from the markets of the outside world,
and limited production substantially to
the demands OF homo consumption, and
in many cases actually arrested the free
development of great industrial interests.
Under this system. when any highly pro
tected manufacturing industry has
reached stage OF development which
enables 1t to supply immediate demands,
its growth must cease because 1t cannot
have its products gaining access to anoth-
er market.
1.-The constitution not only prohibited
the states for imposts or duties upon i'm
ports or exports, but il expressly dele
gated to congress the power to lay ami
collsct taxes, duties, imposts and excuses
TO pay the debts and to provide for the
common defense and the general welfare.
This is simply the power to raise rev
enue for public purposes. 1t 10 wholly
separate and distinct from the power to
regulate commerce between the United
States and foreign nations, and among
the several states and with the Indian
tribes, which is conferred by another
clause OF the constitution. The two pow.
ers were delegated for entirely different
purposes. 1t is monstrous abuse OF the
powers OF taxation to use it not for the
p0rpose OF raising a revenue, but for the
purpose of regulating aud prohibiting
commerce. Great spplause.)
me u1, upon NJ this his point. & I'll, The experience Of
mankind has shown that it is Impossible
TO devise any system or scheme of duties
upon i'm ports that Will not incidentally.
in more or less degree, either injure or
benefit private industrial interests. l have
never nesitated to say that would rather
benefit them than injure them, but Whist
l mean to assert is that when the pri.
mary or principal object OF tax imposed
by public authority is to benefit a private
interest. it 10 not the legitimate use OF
the power of taxation, nut a simple
spoliation. (Grsat applNuse.) Whether
it is called protection, direct or Incl.
dental. and is or is not really beneficial
IN ,,rnductiva ipdnStYv ia n nneatinn
about which, l inaigne, there will never
bs anything like perfect unanimity of
opinion, but, whatever may be our opln.
ions upon that question, most OF US will
agree ia thinking that there may be con-
ditions in which it would not be wise to
policy to a good one. (Applause.)
'When manufacturing interest. have
grown up under a high protective system,
or Though series of years, and those
who are engaged in them have become
accustomed to lean upon the bounty of
the government for support, it might be
injurious and even disastrous to them
suddenly 70 rereal or greatly reduce the
duties. (Applause.) Such q course
would seriously alarm many who have
ample cap tai employed in these enter
prises, and when capital is really alarmed.
e. en- though it be without cause. the re-
suit is for time as bad as if there really
for all intere is. it has always been my
opinion that it was the duty Of congress
to proceed carefully and cons rvatively
in its legislation upon this subject, pay
ing due regard at every step to the large
interests involved. In other words. l
tion. (Applause.) MIR. President, this
process of reformation must go OF until
the power of taxation is used only for
proper purposes. (Applause.) There
must be no step backward. Applause.
There must be no deviation from correct
, principle and sound policy.
LAS l have already previously init.
matsd. this federal union is commercial
as we'll as political. Politically we are
free: commercially we are not. ZAP
plsu,e.) When our ancestors determined
to rebel against the British system of
government in America one of the prin-
cipal causes alleged in the declaration of
off our trade with all parts OF the world.
Is it not strsnge. my friends, that tho
government established for this people
by these same men will persist in the
maintenance OF policy which must ulti-
marely produce substantially the same
result? Let us see to it that the whole
f, foundation of such an accusation against
the govern ent of the Union is rem oved
| as speedily as circumstances Will admit.
| lApplause.) Taxation must be only for
the purpose of raising revenue for the
public use; (Applnuse.b cummerc,al
! regulation in times of peace only for the
purpose OF fostering and protecting legit-
innate trade, strengthening the Union,
insuring the prosperity of the people and
| perpetuating ths system of government
| under which we livs. For myself. Mr..
Chairman, I will cooperate With all men
and all Organizations. by whatever name
they may be known, in every proper
/ manner, to bring about this great result.
(Applause.)"
In Seven Hinutes