davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04
PROF. FULLER REPLIES.
Or Rather Answers Some Queries
of Prof. Dunovant.

I want to thank my friend Prof
J. D. Dunovant for his kind stric-
lures on my views of school teach
ing, and also for his kind sugges-
tions.
Prof. Dunovant asks, "Why not
take up the study of history in
stead of the fourth reader" To
answer this question intelligently
it is necessary to discuss the teach
ing of reading to very short ex-
tent. This makes it necessary to
define reading. Mr.. F. w. Parker
ker says, "Rcading, getting thought
by means of written or printed
words arranged in sentences"
From the very few children that I
find able to read intelligently, |
think far too many teachers have
adopted this definition; and in
teaching they have not tried to de-
velop in the children anything
more than the power of getting
thought from written or printed
papers. If teaching reading be on
ly teaching the children how to
get thought from written or print
ed pages, then we may leave off
the fourth reader. I believe that
the teaching of reading should de-
velop in the children, "The pow
er to gain from the written or
printed page the thought and feel
ing expressed there, and the power
of so delivering the words orally
that the same thought and feeling
shall be awakened in the hearer."
Prof. Dunovant may suggest the
training of vocal organs, and there
by attain the art of expression
through the correlative science of
pitch, power, emphasis, and quail
ty of tone. 1 know that the proper
drill inthe use of vocal organs serve
useful as q. drill. But the only
way to get children to read SO as
their reading will awaken in the
hearer the thought and feeling of
the author is to give them plenty
of exercise in reading orally some
book which has, rightly arranged,
thought that contains every varie-
ty of feeling. The fourth reader
is the best book for this particular
purpose for the fourth grade I
have ever seen. That is why |
suggested it. But if Prof. Duno-
want will suggest to me any histo-
ny that will serve the above place
as we'll as The fourth reader will
gladly use it instead of the fourth
reader.
Professor Dunovant objects to
"Tarbell's Language Lessons" He
suggests we teach language through
its correlative science. Is science
a primary study? Should not we
teach children the correct use of
language in the primary grades?
Anyone who knows much about
the correct use of language knows
it is a liberal art which is acquir-
ed both by theory and practice.
But almos: everybody will admit
practice has more to do in acquir-
ing the art of using correct lam
guage than anything, for many
people have learned the arr of us
ing fairly good language without
knowing any thing of tn" science
of language. The very fact that
good usage determines tine law of
language makes clear the fact we
learn TO use good language by US
ing it.
AS for giving reasons Tor the use
OF language" Good usage has
authorized many things i'll the Ian
guage for which no reason can be
given. The rules of syntax do
not make us speak correctly it on
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04

lv serves as measure for our lam
guage, Just as the try-square does
nol make the piece of timber
square, but shows when it is
square; so parsing does not make
our expression correct, but serves
to show us when they are correct.
Then let us learn to make our Ian
gunge correct ay practice as the
mechanic learns 10 square his tim
ber by practice. ] think the great
use of theory i'll learning the art
of using good language is to serve
as a measure for our language,
and ss a defence against the ,adop-
ton of incorrect expressions we
may hear.
Prof. Dunovant misunderstands
the idea of "learn to do what we
have to do by doing" This does
not mean to learn theory by do
ing, nor does it mean everything
has to be learned by practice. But
that theory and practice are COM
bined in many OF the arts, both
useful and liberal, AND in most of
them practice is paramount, that
is 10 say, 1t ia more important 10
learn doing than The theory OF do
ing.
Now as to the "overtaxing of the
m, mory anil giving the mind in
digest on"
THE memory is that r"pre en-
tativc power which brings before
the niud concepts Of absent OIL
iects as they are or we're, and rc-
.oGnizirg them | know that 20
have children 10 menorize words
or sentences without making an
appeal t, their understanding is Al
mistake, a mistake which teach
ers often make. Of course this
should be avoided. ;,
Prof. E. C. Hewett one of the
best psychologists | ever read af-
ter, says; ''In the years of. child
hood from infancy to the age of
twelve or fourteen memory is the
characteristic faculty." If the
memory is not trained during that
period it can never be developed,
and if tie training is properly con-
ducred rhe-e- isA4no"tiangpr of over
taxing nor giving the mind indi
gestion.
David P. Page, the author of
"Theoly and Practice of teaching"
says: Language Lessons may be
begun at an early age. The pur-
pose of these lessons is to- instruct
the pupil in the correct use of Ian
guage both in speaking and i'll
writing not by precept and rnle,
but by practice. This is the prop
sr Introduction togrammar proper,
or the formal study of language.
Prof. Dunovant seems to have
thought l meant tc take up the
study of philology, in the fourth
grade, when l said "literature." !"
lie asks; "What good can Mr..
Fuller expect to get frorl the
study of literature in the fourth
grader" If / were TO ask Prof.
Dunovont what good be expected
to get out of the study of history
in the fourth grade, he very leadi-
ly would say; the good l expect to
get out of the study of history is a
knowledge of the heroic deeds of
our ancestors, and thereby encour-
aging pupils to emulate their ex-
amples of bravery, daring, and
patriotism. The good l expect
to get from the study of literature
in the fourth grade, is some knowl-
edge of what our greatest ances-
tors thought and how they express
ed their thought, hoping thereby
to inspire emulation of their Ian
guage, thought, and influence for
good in the world.
r. J. Fuller.
P. S. 1 wish to say, by way of
postscript, that i'll health and 9TH
er business kept me from replying
to Prof. Dunovant sooner.
R. ]. f.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04
The State Farmers Alliance hae

The State Farmers Alliance had
its annual session in Columbia
Wednesday. Jas. L. Keitt, of New
berry, was elected president, Rail
road Commissioner Wilson vice.
president, and ]. W. Reid re-elec-
ted secretary. The Offices of treas
urer and State lecturer were abol-
ished. Hon. w. J. Talbert rep
resented Edgefeld at this gather
ing of the old guard.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04

The Constitutional Convention
meets on next Tuesday. The Co
lumbia Register says: aPredic-
tions of q three weeks session OF
the constitutional convention are
likely to come to naught, Why,
the Edgefeld delegation alone is
good to talk three weeks by itself.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04

In addition to the boil worm the
caterpillars are getting in their
work in the Mississippi Delta. In
Washington, sunfower, and Issa-
quena counties they have appeared
IN large numbers. The farmers
are mixing Paris green and other
deistructives preparatory to a war
to the knife and the knife to the
hilt.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04
Market Slowly.

The Columbia Register gives
the following good advice as to
marketing cotton:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04

P. S. I wish to say, by way of
postscript, that i'll health and 9th
er business kept me from replying
to Prof. Dunovant sooner.
R. ]. F.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-09-04

The Hayner Distillins Co.
Springfield, Ohio, ship liquors di-
rect 10 consumer. Write for price
list.
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1895-10-15
I,txrnthurBer Gazette.

,ueroe i'm i'm Serlalie oesSaaes bierler
brin9en. 8llteu Nbeno, WfiB gSil1e=
tier; gurten Qbeno, Sir Qrbp."
Gr osrbellgte iib uno cling nit elmer
Wieue CUR Sbiire, als oh er ii1 bereits
p~erlpanot fiiblte nit Der Samilie, Der er
10 LANCE 9eoient bate, Die er beraubt,
betrpgen mo on oen Settelltab &c,
bru1t batte-oanu Oifnete er nit elmer
"5lueiten Serbeu9ung Die Sbilre ulo
ging Ginaus.
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1895-10-15
-. Bnnftnm:..

Seioe SlGtter bieteu neben elmer
lorsfdltiS aussearbeiteteu Woden=
NunSl6au, Die cine tur;seiaBte quite
Hebsrlidt iber bic 9auptsreisuiNs i'm
Sns ulS Auslanoe umiabt. cine seit.
semdBe @rortsruIs Der relisioieu "a.
s%eSiruseu, wel6e Die 6eutider Ratbo=
Iltelr il%Sbeiouoers intsreiiirsu, iopie
cine iorgiGltise ausrpabl Der Tsuig=
teItsn aus Oem einselueu Staatsn Der
uuipW.
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1895-10-15
Webenbci geia9t,

piomen mir uiliereu Sr;ablunssn
,ine Senaue SOrsialt uub wir
piini9en Die aufmertiamfeit auer
unierer eeier III beionosrsr @eiis
GIi oieieIben ;u leutsn.
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1895-10-15
Rri ien

l5u ieosm Der beibeu SIatter werSn befons
bere pramieu SeSeben.
NeHs IbonneWtsW irseno zines ber
glGtter, welte i'm Yoraus b~e;abIeu,
srbaltsI ein Pradtssbstbu5 nit ben Ssrtsn:
y @ott III Die 9iebe,
p Die Ra6iOIss Gbriiti, NIB
81 Ssrs Ssiu, Gueu Der eisbe (n srossn
Trud).
IIts abcuuentsu, wsI1e siW Sabr
ibr announcement i'm 8oraus bs;ableu,
srbaItsu sur
J,1sennh,trgfr Gazette
cine y ssiiii6 Iurembursii9eYrd.
mis, Bud ODER Bib, Ibsr sin lursmbursi.
i9ss Ssma.
Gum
RutbnltrdJrr a1fTten
ben @esenSburstr @arisu:afem
Der, wsl9sr als SamilisutaIsuasr 5sua
Ro& immer uubserittsu baiisht.
Eurembureer! abonnirt duf Die
.Suremburssr 6asette". y
Deuti4e Katholifen! Isist Sen
sRathoIiiher Dsiten".
- ~
man ibreibe fir Qrobsnum!
ir,err1 an Ole sy,
@Deutfde@
=aatbolifbe=
-Orn&gefeufbaft,@
Dubuque, Jowa.1
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1895-10-15
Batter uno Sp9n.

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't.;a 49, - n%rA n;a
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XXI S.'''s''e1 tuue utl' lu'VFts" SSUI=
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Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1895-10-15
Ser
Kat@o(il6er
Weaen-
10000

III eilt uorSiiglides Organ beitimm.
fir ale oeuti6em tatbOIii6en SAINT.
lien Ses sall;en &siteuS Der Der,
einISten Staateu. Ger Qeiertreis
1T ELL iebr beoeutenoer, pel9er ii4
tGSIi6 %persroBert. sls auseise,
blatt 1T Der naatbolil6er @elten"
Don iebr SroBem @srtbs
Luxemburger gazette. [volume] (Dubuque, Iowa) 1871-1918, 1895-10-15
Sic
culem6urger
Aa6ette-

III eit fpe;ieGes Organ Der Current.
burger Der Sanseu Ser. StaatsI
ullo belist eiucu betrGdtlidsu 9eier.
treis NIB bietet ein b~eiouSers sutes
gu;eigemittel, oa es silleH beitimm.
ten, Don teiuem iouitigeu SIatte
srrel6ten eeiertreis bat, bel pelderu
Is iir ieSe an;eiseuOe Sirma p0u
9susel 1T, uertreteW ;u isiW.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-04-28
Here is something else:

Education must be controlled by Catholic authorities, even to war and oodshed.-Catholic World
 And what have you to say about this:
 "The Catholic religion. with all it's votes, ought to be exclusively domi- nant in such sort that every other worship shall be banished and inter- dicted Pope Plus K.
 T frankly confess that the. Catho- lies stand before this country as the enemies of the public schools. - Father Phelan of St. Louis.
 Let the good men of the commu- nifty pass upon this parallel and the deadly parallel in the Press-Eagle and we will, without further com ment. abide their verdict.
 INV. B. SORRELLS.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-04-28
CONTINUED FROM SECOND PAGE. l

world Whithersoever 1 may be sent, to the frozen regions of the North, to the burning sands of the desert of Africa, or the iungles of India, to the ccnters of civilization of Europe, or to tIie wild haunts of the barbarous savageS of America, without mur- muFing OF Fepining; and will be sub missiVe in all things whatsoeFercOm- municated to me.
 T do furthermore promise and de- clarA that l will when opportunity presents, make and wage relentless war, secretly or openly, against all heretics. protestants and liberals, as l am directed to do, to extirpate them from the face of the whole cath; and that 1 will spare neither age, sex ore 0ndition, and that 1 will hang, burn, waste, boil. Hay, strangle, and bury alive theinfamOus heretics; rip up the stomachs and wombs of their women, and crush their infants heads against the walls, in order to annihilate their eXecrable race. That when the same can not be done openly, l will se- eretly use poisonous cup, the strang- 1. ulating cord, the steel of the poniard, or the leaden bullets, regardless of the honor, rank, dignity or authority l of the person or persons whatever may be their condition in life, either public or private, as 1 at any time may be directed so to do, by any agent of the Pope, or superior of the brotherhood of the Holy FatLer of
 e Society of Jesus.
 l confirmation of which l hereby
 p.eate my life, my soul, and all cor gTlt1rIDI n1H x1-ith flTG, q q which l now receive l will sub- scribe my name, written in my blood in testimony thereof; and should l prove false or weaken in my deter imitation may my brethren and fel low-soldiers of the militia of the Pope cut off my hands and my feet, and my throat from ear to ear, my belly open and sulphur burned therein, with all the punishment that can be lnfilcted upon me on earth, and my soul be tortured by demons in an eternal hell forever.
 "All of which l, do swear by the blessed Trinity, and blessed Sacrament which l am now to re- ceive, to perform, and on my part to keep inviolable; call heavenly and gloAous host of heaven to witness my real intentions to keep this my oath.
 In testimony hereof I take this most holy and blessed Sacrament of the Eucharist, and witness the same further. with my name written with the point of this dagger, dipped in my own blood, and seal in the face of this holy covenant"
 He receives the wafer from the su- perior, and writes his name with the point of the daggar dipped in his own blood, taken from over the heart.
 These oaths can be found in Rev. John Dowling's History of Raman- ism, edition of lS45, pages 1S5-6-7; also in Text Book of Popery. ," pub Iished by Griffin x simon, Philadel- phia: also Burrows Supremacy of the Pope. pages 42-55; also in Foxes aud Fire brands, one of the many books by Rev. James Usher, Arch bishop of Armagh.
 The form of the bishops oath you sea1v find in the works of Cardinal Baronius, Ecclesiastical Annals vol. 10, page 15O4, and vol. II, page
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-04-28

7c, eight quart Sc, ten quart 9c
 Pie Plates, eight and nine inch, Sc, ten inch &c.,
 Dippers, tin handle Sc, larger 4c, one quart 6c, wooden handle Sc.
 Pepper boxes 2c. Paper pails 25c. Galvanized pails, twelve quart soc.
 Wash Bowls, seven quart 6c, eight quart 7c. Tin Cups, pint Pc.
 Tin Water Buckets, ten quart 17c, fourteen quart 20c, seventeen quart, 24c.
 Muffin Pans, six hole Sc, eight hole | lc, twelve hole 16c.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-04-28

100 dozen Mems, Boys and Children's Straw Hats, from lOc up.
 Palm and Japanese decorated Pans, one cent each.
 Coffee Pots, one quart, Sc, two quart, lie, three quart 13c each.
 Dish Pans, ten quart 14c, twelve quart 1Sc, fourteen quart, 20c each.
 Covered Buckets, one quart 5c, two quarts &c., three quarts l3 each.
 Bread Pans, ,, 6, r, s, 9, 10 and He.
 Dairy Pans, one quart Sc, six quart
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1895-04-28

Twenty pieces good Mating. He per yard worth 15c.
 Fifteen pieces extra good Mating 16c per yard, worth 20c.
 Twenty pieces Fancy Mating, l95c per yard, worth 25c.
 Fifteen pieces best quality Mating, 25c per yard, worth 35c.
 One hundred pairs Window Shades all colors, 39c each, worth 65c.
 Table Oil Cloth. 1 yards wide, all, colors, 16c per yard.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1895-02-21
WARWICIl,S ELECTION.
He Receives the Largest Plurality Ev
Given u aiayoralty Candidate.

He Receives the Largest Plurality Ever
Given aiayoralty Candidate.
PHILADELrutA, Fob. 20.-It was after
4 o'clock this morning when the count
OF the vote cast in this city yesterday
was completed. Not only were there
more ballots put in tho boxes than
ever before. but the tickot 10 every
ward was cut up to such extent rs to
make the work OF tabulating the vote
very difficult. In total vote OF 2l4,747
Charles T. Warwick, the Republican
candidate for mayor. had plurality OF
0,9S9 over Ex-Governor Robert Z. Patti.
son, the Democratic standard bearer.
This is the greatest plurality ever given
candidate in municipal contest, the
previous record being 39055, received
by Edwin S. Stuart in 1891.
Tho Patiison campaign has been con-
Quoted on a reform. non-parti,an plat
form and the leaders OF the party we're
sangune that their man would be
elected. Governor Pa.tison shared this
belief, placing his own plurality at 2O,-
900. Tho result shows that the ex-
pectsd reform" vote for Pattison did
not matorinlize. The full strength Of
the Democratic vote was not even given
him. Democratic stronghold, like the
Third. Fourth, Sixth. Eleventh, Twelfth
aud Seventeenth wards either going
against him or giving q very much re-
duced plurality in his favor. All Of
these wards are in the Third congress
sional district. formerly represented by
tho lato Samuel J. Randall, aud the re-
suit show. that the McAleer or anti.
Harrity Democrats still have the knife
out for ary candidate whose election is
advocated by tho national chairman.
william J. Roney, Mr.. Warwick 8
companion at the head OF the ticket rs
candidate for receiver OF taxes, ran only
S,S27 behind the ticket. Mr.. Rsney is
a brother-in-law OF Leader David Mar.
tin and it Was expected that he would
bc extensively cut by Republicans op-
posed to Mr.. Martins leadership.
The independent aud municipal
league candidates Jared very badly. not
one OF them being elected. In several
instances candidates vigorously opposed
by tho municipal league ran ahead OF
tho ticket.
Women were voted for as school direc.
tors for the first time under law recently
passed. There wero II such candi-
dates. scattered throughout the city, but
only one was elected, the fortunate wo-
man being Anna Longstre,h, 'Republi-
can. in the Fifteenth ward, who ran l29
votes ahead Of Warwick and got the
highest plurality on the ticket in that
ward
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1895-02-21
BRIEFS FROM THE WIRES,

Tho Daughters OF the American Rev
olution arc In session at Washington,
D. &.
Tho trial OF Charles Morganliold, tho
Acquia crock traiu robber, began yes-
terday, at Stafford Court House, Va.
No less thnn ten now peurs were on
titled to take their new seats in the
house Of lords ut tho beginning OF tho
session, owing to tho death of ,heir pro-
docassors.
The house OF Jacob Gaukcl, uear Stnr
City. Mich. burned tuesday morning
during the absonco Of Mrs. Gaukel, and
her two children, aged five and two
yoars, woro burnol to death.
George J. Gould. whom asked regard
ing tho report that II plot had boon dis
covered to nbduct his two soma. King.
don aud jay, said he did not believe
that any such schomo had boon con.
coctod.
Although Po,tmnsicr General Bissell
declines either to affirm or dnny tho
rumor that ho has decided to resign, 1t
Ia ncvarthcloas truo tia. without ho
changes his mind, ho will rc,lrc from
tho cabinet somo time in April.
An imperial dccroe was issued Tues.
day ordering that kunv. ex.tao.oi OF
Port Arthur, and General Ych Chi Gao.
VINO were tried by the Chinese board OF
punishmont. be condomned to prison
until autumn. when thoy will bo exc.
cutod for losing Port Arthur to tho Jap.
ancaU.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1895-02-21
FOR NEW BATrLEsHIPs.
Their Opponents Hocriv, II Crushing De.
feat In tho House.

Their Opponents Hocpiv. II CRUSHING De.
feat In tho House.
WASHINGTON. Feb. Gothic opp o nents
OF tho new ba.tleships for the navy
suffered crushing deica, to-day when
Mr.. Sayers' motion to strike out tho
authorization for tho war vessels was
lost, frat In the committee OF the whole
on vote Of 4S to l2l. and later iu tho
house by vo,o OF 81 to l90. After Mr..
Sayers' motion had been defeated, Mr..
Cannon, OF Illinois. attempted to have
an appropriation. first OF S22,OO0,O0O
and then OF $5,0o0.00o, inserted in the
bill for building tho ships authorized,
but both propositions failed.
Ar. Dolliver, OF Iowa, succee ded in
having an amendment adopted provid.
ing for the building OF two torpedo
boats on the Mississippi river, and Mr..
Sayers added Il proviso to tue item for
armor appropriation to the effect tina.
no higher sums should be paid BY this
government tor similar material fur
nished other governments.
The naval bill, as passed. authorized
tho construction OF three battleships to
cost, exclusive OF armor, $4,000, 900
each and twelve torpedo boats, to coat
Sl10,0OO each.
Aitor tho bill was passed some time
wRs apent In tho discussion OF tho sem
ate amendment to the diplomatic and
consular bill appropriating S5O0,0oO for
laying submarine cuble between tho
United States and Hawaii. but no ac.
ton was taken upon it.