davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
SOME LARGE CHECKS.
The Class Of Men Who Draw Theme 4 nd
tb. roser Indicated by Them.

the aten
Until within the last few weeks
the largt So sum Of monev called for
by siagle check and in a purely
comm' rcial transaction was 80 .oO0,-
600 That Was the size of the draft
drawn D; the late William II Van
derbilt as part payment for the
transfer Of the West Shore railroad
To himself and those rested with
him. That check is Eow preserved,
neatly framed, aud is occasionall,
shown 10 those who are f,nd If curl
ositlts. At the time that M Van
derbIit drew the check Il number of
capitalists were in his presence, and
after the check had been delivered
one Of them said To the president OF
/ the bank to which the check went.
Elf William has not enough ready
cash to meet that | can let h Ill hay,
a million or So and when tia, re-
mark Was repeated to Mr.. Wander
bilt, be smiled and said: Il believe
the old gentleman has got the
money, hut tell him | don't need it,
for I've g)t as much more myself
where | can lay my hands upon it
in ready cash.
Twelve millions of dollars is an
enormous sum even for the grea'.r
cap talists to have at any one time
sui jet to sight drafts. RasselI
Sage is believed TO keep a large
amount of avail Nile cash upon deposit
than any 9TH capitalist OF New
York, but he does not keep so much
as that. Mr.. Vanderbilt woald not
have locked up as much as 81, 900,
900 for any length of time, sine
that could not be- done without af
, fectlng the money market to some
, extent.
r Before this great Var derbilt checl
was written it was the common re
port here that the largest single
5 check ev.r signed bv New Iorkel
was that written by Jay Gould, il
payment for the controlling interes
: n the Iron Mountain railway sys
ten. Mr.. Gould actually wrote tina
check, and did it in his room in
Philadelphia hotel. He had n
blank checks with him, and there
fore he tore a sheet of Commercial
g paper in two and wrote out the draf
y in full. 1t was for something NOR
than $2,O0o,0Oo. 1t is very rarel
= that the Government issues check
y for so large an amount as 81 600
d 900, and so far as we have narrate
e here, the check delivered last wee
q to Mr.. Thomas A. Mcintyre fo
3 $l2,o 900 and some odd thousand
;; carried with it the largest transft
~ of a sum of money by check eve
O known in commercial operation j
y his country, possibly ever known i
: the Treasury department, and SON
Of our bankers think it may .ay
been the largest single check ever il
sued anywhere in the orld.-Phils
d dtlphia Press.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
THE GREAT CONGRESS.
The Popular rinion Of the departed
Hod, a. Ispre>sed by Many People.

The Popular Or inion OF the 'DepAftN"
body AZ oppressed bv Many People.
When the Infamous fifty-thlrd |
Congress died. every American pa |
triot heaved a sigh Of relief. but 10 |
tie professional boodler 1t was a day
Of dark despair. xchange.
Some Congressional debates: ~ ou
ar, a deliberate liar and impert-
n-nt scoundre! Brec kenridge. OF
Kentucky.
Mr.. Speaker Where am | at"
-Conb. of Alabama.
"!f Won were a full of eomrre-
hnn-ion a. OF beer YOU would have
understood me "-Lafe Pence, OF
Colorado.
MIR. Speaker-Has man as
drunk as that one, got sense enough
to make An DE Almond
OF Missouri
Put 'em out, (hic) Put the sons
Of guns out."-Scranton Of Pa.
"There should be an extra session
Of Congress 10 investigate the ne
farious work Of Grover Cleveland
and John G.. Carlisle. " Senator
/ Chandler, of New Hampshire.
! That promised "wave Of prosper
ity" TO follow the repeal OF the
Sherman purchasing clause struck
I Washington. Six pages OF dellnqu-
( eat tax published in the-Ilmes.
A prominent lobbyist remai liked,
standing before the main entrance
! of the House Of Representatives, at
the people knew what was gong on
in the House their constituents would
hang every one of them when they
go home. '-Tocsin.
We are all in rags aul without
money, but the Democrats have had
chance and passed in their checks.
We are happy over that. ! will tell
you what one of our Pops says. lie
said he had always wanted to go tc
heaven when lie died bit he has
changed his mind. He'll has no feal
/ for HIM now, because he knows thai
, the Democrats will have majority
: in hell and would count him out q:
soon as he got there, Correspond
ent Peoples Party Paper.
The banlshing of the late Congress
sional fnanciers to their little top
story law offices is having q goo'
effect on business interests Wash
ington Times.
e The municipal election in Ohio an
. Illinois on Tuesday show that tn
o Democrats are still suffering fror
s the disrepute and disfavor in whlc
D.. the party was brought by the IN
competency of the Fifty-third Con
: gress. The tide may turn. some da
: and the Democracy may be tioate
back into power, but just now tn
v outlook is very gloomy. And to ad
J. to the general melancholy, St. Louis
which has heretofore been a Demo
cratic stronghold, elected Republ
O can city officials on Tuesday. Whe
. Democratic cities like St. Louis G
( over to the enemy. no man can sa
o whatthe future will bring FORTH
Q Petersburg IxdeX Appeal (Dem.)
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

For the Caucasian.
FAYETTEVILLE, N. c., April Il
Our boys are jubilant over the cleo
ton Of their bold and fearless leader
Marion Butler, to the United States
Senate. The Democrats prayed that
he might get left but "the prayers of
the wicked avalleth nothing"
The people are glad that the legls
lature has destroyed machine politics
and place the government in their
hands.
All the lying the Democrats have
done or ever can do in regard to the
Douglass affair cannot affect the
people of this county. They stand to-
day more solid than they did before
the election, and will again be ready
for cooperation In '9G.
The Democrats say they don't see
how the Populists could ever vote
again as they did in the last election
The Populists say if they did not
vote that way, where, oh where,
would they find REFUGEE
The Democratic party is so corrupt
and so rotten that its wisest members
dlt lt1NIH llo anu arc
in line with the Populists. We know
several in this community who are
Disguised at the Democratic party
and say they will never vote with it
again.
The Democrats have lied so much
that when they do happen to tell the
truth the people do not believe them.
a party like that is no good and will
never get control of the government
again while the people are sane.
We believe the machine is dead
and will stay deod till Gabriel blows
his trumpet.
One of the funniest things hap
pened here the other day you ever
heard of. One of our poor white
scared ''bond-rats" who is "bond-
rat" because a few big "Grover-
gnats' of this section want him to
be, and who has been cursing the
negro and denouneing the Legislature
for the adjournment in honor OF
Fred. Douglass, was seen walking w
the street between two big burly
negroes. His face was all smiles and
he was converslng very pleasantly
with them; but rs he drew near the
house of his lords; he gradually fel
back and as he stepped from between
them he drew tong and tediou,
breath 80 as to take in all the per
fume that he possibly could. W,
imagine he got u very good Whit.
Mr.. John Wray, who was defeated
by Mr.. j. b. Byers for the of1ic,
of county treasurer, has turned tn,
office over to Mr.. Byers. Mr.. Wra,
has been holding this office agains
the will of the people since Decem
Der. Mr.. Byers was contesting fo
his office through the courts. Mr.
Wray saw he was beaten and sur
rendered.
Mr.>T. ID. baltimore, Democrat
who has been holding the office o
Superior court clerk for the las
twenty years, was also defeated b,
Mr.. j. IL. Quinn, a clever Populst
1t is said Mr.. baltimore will no
compromise. Mr.. Quinn is contestin.
for his seat. The chances are agains
Mr.. baltimore.
Court convenes in this county Apri
10Th. Judge Robinson will preside
SO we will soon know who will b
our clerk.
The general opinion of the peopl
is that Quinn will get his office.
SUBSCRIBER
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
Cotton Mills in the south.

The Tradesman, published at Chat
tanooga, has made what it declares
TO be a complete census of the cotton
mills, existing and projected, in the
Southern States. 1t finds the number
of those completed and in course Of
erection to be 372, of which 40 are
in North Carolina, 66 in Georgia, 62
in South Carolina, 2G in Arkansas.
"a in Tennessee, 81 in Alabama. IS
in Maryland, in Virginia, 8 in
Texas, IN Mississippi, 6 in Ken
lucky, 5 in Louisville, l in Florida,
and in West Virginia. The num-
Der projected and likely to be con-
structed soon is SO
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
Take Up Collections At Every Meet
THE CAUCAsIAN'S fund for the non
ument now stands as follows:
KINDLY ASK A NEIGHBOR TO BECOME
SUBSCRIBER. IF HE WANTS TO KNOW
FACTS HE CAN GET THEM, AND LOTS
OF THEM DURING THE YEAR.
Elected the Wrong HilI.

MInDLETowS, n. Y. March 81
The Democrats of Audover, SUSSEX
county, y. Y, have just discovered
that a serious mistake was ma ie al
the recent election. They intended
to nominate William Nj. Slater for
Office. 1t appears that the nomine.
was spoken Of As Bill Slater at the
nominating convention.
The tickets went 10 the printer, and
on election day We're voted. Tn, y
read: William $. Slater" and Will
liam S. Slater was elected. Now il
appears that William :. Slater * a
Republican, and his election gives
the Republicans control of the town.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

An old gentleman named Reams,
from somewhere in S, uthside Vir-
ginia, reached Springhepe, in Nash
county, Saturday on a collecting
tour. Though he had made no col
lectiOns. some assassin thought so,
and, waylaying the old man, MUIR
dered him on the highway Sunday
morning. No arrest has been made,
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
Folly From the White House.

Philadelphia Item
The President is quoted as saying
that all kinds of DIRE DISASTERS
would follow the FREE COINAGE OF
SILVER in this country in case We
coined silver free at its old par figure
WITHOUT EUROPEAN AID.
He tells about how pensioners
would only get half the pensions
they now get, that the savings banks
would be reduced one half in value,
and that such a course would be a
reputation of the debts of the Unit
ed States to the same extent; in sum-
mary, that all the debts of the coun-
try would suffer in like manner;
higher rates of interest would follow
for the use of money, and the reve-
nues of the government be reduced.
These are recounted as only a few of
the tremendous evils" to follow a
free silver law in the United States.
The President long ago proved his
! UTTER INCAPACITY to understand the
/ commonest rules of finance. His
! opinions are UTTERLY WORTHLESS
! He quotes, as he has confessed time
and time again, at the DICTATION OF
the Rothschild "ring'; and he rea.
sons from the standpoint Of interests
| UTTERLY FOREIGN TO AMERICANS.
There is NO TRUTH WHATEVER il
his evil representations. One anC
all are the VERIEST NONSENSE.
Free silver, while no solution O.
the currency question, is an ABSOLUTE
NECESSITY in this country until thu
old value of silver is restored; tha
done, both gold and silver may bt
thrown overheard, and be replaced
by one form of paper money tia
shall embrace ALL THE MONEY IN TIL
COUNTRY. One form-among Othe,
solid reasons-in order that the pub
lie may become so familiar with i
that no deception Of the people il
possible through alterations of the
text on note carrying features in
variable with each denomination; {
particular which is the fount O.
counterfeiting at the present time.
Free silver is a necessity in ordel
to stop at once this FEARFUL and UN
NATURAL COMPETITION with SILVER
BASIS COUNTRIES. This competition
is Running THE COUNTRY, and threat
ems to be worse-yes, far worse
free silver is not at once established
Argentina now threatens our for
eign meat and cattle trade, in tn,
same way that that country nov
UNDERBIDs Us fifty per cent. il
wheat.
But, it is not likely to stop Will
wheat and cattle.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

The corn price, 1915 cents per
bushel, is 6 3 cents higher than the
average price for the decade 1880
80, and is 1 cents higher tran the
average of the last four years.
The wheat price, 49.S cents, is the
lowest for twenty years, and is 80 9
cents lower than the average for the
decade 1SS0-'S9, and 22.1 cents less
than the average for the last four
years.
The price Of cotton, it will be
noticed, is at its very minimum.
From the prices for 1894 compared
with those for 1892 it appears that,
with the exception of corn and oats,
prices have declined 20, 80 and even
10 per cent.
The most trying feature of this re-
duction in price, so far as the pro-
ducer is concerned, lies in the fact
that taxes, interest, and nearly all
public services remained unchan yed.
The tribute paid to money and
monopoly is as great nowas previous
to this reduction in prices. There
is manifest unfairness in a system
of national economics which PERM &
one portion of its people to prosper
on the disasters of another portion.
The broad principle of equal rights
to all does not obtain under such
conditions. The underlying cause
for this, in our judgment, is found
in the money trust, which in its
plundering methods operates to a
large extent through other kindred
monopolies. With the destruction
Of the first must ecessarily come
| the elimination of the others.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

THE AUCASIAN WILL SEEK TO En-
POSE hOTTENNESS AND HYPOCRISY
EVERYWHERE. IF YOU WOULD KNOW
OF 1T, SEND IN YOUR SUBSCRIPTION.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
NOTICE.

Do not send stamps to pay your
subscriptions. We are overstocked
with them now. Do NOT SEND ANY
MORE,
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
7lllllllllIlllllll HUMANITARIAN
"A $500 Puzzle
CUT THIS PICTURE OUT.

III contains ihe faces of father aud fhr.e
daughters. you s.e the father where are a..
'anshi'rs' IL your "yes aie bright enough
!" ma ALL THREE you are entitled TO a re-
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
NEW PASTRY COOK BOOK
by Miss Willis, Principal baltimore CooL
ing school.

Cut out this coupon and mail ii II
THE RUMFoRD CHEMICAL WORKS
Providence, Il. L., giving your ad
dress plainly written. A copy will b,
sent FREE.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

~ 'piis1i 10 Iailis.a-s tlI..r btisi.,ess
.neir productions being too extensiv. co.
'i~se hard times The entire stock ~ ,,,,,
chased by US and what originally cas, 49,.
sands OF dollars will now be giyen 49,, g.
attract at,eniion TO our National t'or1rr,
To-" TO, OF FLOWER sFEps. for the season az
ls1. The Published price of tI,ese cs,,,s.
Was slD, bat We will send them a. seis,s.a
s-rls's oil seyenJ a reward 90 every ,..,s,,,,
hhning and marking the three ,I,url,,.,s'
ia'1es with an Y and enclosing 49,.
WIN sixteen iwo-cent stamps for Aartnx.I
"LLscTI"s No. j. continuing an in, n,..,,.s
aaTlety oi the choicest aud most l.eas,ifui
r'~ec SEEDS IL you purchase y,,.,r s.-..,,s
IIpI'i " one >-a~on We will always lag.
vour orders We guarantee rerf..,t s,,i-g...
non or iIonry refunded. 500 i'm CASH
fif-Mit Ms.-The person sending A. .lo,.a
whose envelope bears the earliest t,,-,ms,ts
VIII "e given a SO, Upright Piano. 90 49,.
so ond 20 IN cash 10 third -: TO four,b ,is.
10 NTH slp and to the next s.yen will a..
TWEEN - ia gold. II able TO find ths So
Ia 6 you s.iould answer promptly. and en-
ci"s'' at once with i5-2cf. sfamps ana -,
WI rtceive the valuable lot Of pictures and
SEEDS by return mail. Address
NATIONAL SEED co.
Washington. ID. G.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
IhE POINT OF VIEW.
Opinions That Occur FROM Conditions
which Isi-t-

In Western Carolina a boy was
sentenced to the peniten'lary toi
forging a five cent order. Down ID
these parts bank presidents. cash.
Ter. etc. 90 scot free with the hard
earnings Of poor men laid by inr Oh.
age or left TO their wIdDws. Th"r'
il marked inequality IN t" -
called justice which makes 'f"f'
loose faith in the courts. This boy
should have been thrashed or "n' l.
a reformatory, and the cells IN the
penitentiary and shovels and pick
ON the roads saved for frauduIen
assipners. thieviug bank pr sole nj
AMI cashiers, treasures, &c
North Carolina Baptist.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

Ram.f0rd ChemicaL Works. ProgiIence.
IL l.:
Please send me a copy of Miss
Willis New Pastry Cook Book, t"
which am entitled by beng a +, adel
of the CAUCASIAN.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

For as sure as the earth revolves
and the moons wax and wane the
next general election in America will
bring to pass a popular revolution
and a tremendous triumph for the
free silver people. Whether the
Democratic or the Republican par
ties will, either or both, appreciate
this popular diff and accede to this
popular demand is their largest
problem between now and their ma
tional conventions of next year. If
neither of them will exhibit this wis
dom and patriotism, then both of
them will be buried under such an
avalanche as will sink into insignifi-
cance the Democratic landslide OF
1892 and the Republican tidal wave
OF 1891. Free silver is the slogan
that is rallying its tens of thousands
and hundreds of thousands from one
end of the land to the other. Pilot.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

The demonstration Of silver oy
the Democratic Congress and the
attempt Of Cleveland. with a strong
support Of his party in Congress, to
issue five hundred million dollars OF
half century bonds and retire the
sreenbacks and treasury notes Is the
crime Of the last quarter OF the nine
teenth century and should be thought
OF every day by all the people.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

A violation of the Monroe doctrine
would evidently be Il godsend to the
Cleveland administration. Anything
would be acceptable that would d.
vert the minds of the people from
the dismal failure Of Grover the See
ond 70 relieve them and restore the
prosperity Of the country,-Pllot.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

1888 : 1890 1892 1894
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

President Cleveland seems to be
devoting himself now to the effort to
find safe perches for the cuckoos
who were carried away from the
Democratic bird cage by the cyclone
of last fall Leader.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

Speaking Of patriotism, we have
a President who hired substitute
during the war and sold bonds ~
time Of peace. This is not all, he
fished ,-Current.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

When John Sherman said that the
recent secret sale of United States
bonds, at nine millions less than
their market value, was an honest
transaction, he meant that it was as
honest as his manipulations of SINH
lar affairs.-People's Party Paper
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

Monopoly is the curse that is caus-
ing all the havoc, but the monopo-
lists want to direct the public atten-
ton onto some other matter. They
are the cause of our wOes.-Amerl-
can Citizen, Boston.
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11
and Kidney Troubles

rrickly Al. Int.. iE..f org i.fHs
s.uln. the greatest b.ns1 Lrf -
earth
kpFHDrFN n TU,T N, l-l,
NwssKs. I.IIPHAF. llG...-. .suast
Ga DTAE ~ilts ! llH...'f
yu'4r = y a.. ~ Huf -....H trl ,afs'
b. has don. fu. fIsr' .. .. ... 'rf
moni nr' Treatment af fI... Do -.r.afh.
REM three lB'iff lss- d fH o..
Respectful sf.TrH.
IA % ~ HFUN
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

- The pro-
prieiors OF the
NATTo.AL SFFD
STORE will give
FLEE seven beau
iiiul pictures
gems for decora-
ting a honey a. a
reward 10 TO any
one whoca make
out the three
daughters faces.
These Dir'iureS
were superbly ex-
ecuied ~ CoLoEs
by a firm of art
publishers " D o
were obliged TO
their productions
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

The United States government
started out two years ago with the
noted gold reserve of about 500,
600, 900, the amount which is gener-
ally kept in the treasury. The gov
ernment-the people now are pay
ing interest on $l62,O0O,OOO more
debt-bonds than they had to pay or
two yeats ago, and less gold IN the
treasury than at the beginning. This
is nothing short Of highway robbery
The Caucasian. (Clinton, N.C.) 188?-1913, 1895-04-11

Ifenmcnf from nc B4H'f a~
GFgr-r-. Try. Jafuarv -. l-'a
Ms.--Ws IfIG. daF. 4.IHFr -a. al
g.. 4sstY4.Bnsa. h..ss fr|..| HHf Y
D. ~. fur . dl-'.f-'. q f'.'. sI.. u-aAIy
known a. sktn saiIasl .f r.f 'fs
staining, aud fDau1 rr 30 rf
I 40 lfirr be lsiD.l aul
tar isn from DE- pol f .f Pol. -'
aFid Prevent aus .ff. H..s
rs-.f.s gbare take fE,.. a.E b..'fl's
ard I'D a., nila.-ut a. ' Ha f'fr Z
was Effect q cure. o. ha HH fs"'.
Tns frsrl lbdig.--fl'. ana n'''-"-+
trOGLl.a. You're fru'E.
CAPT "a r fsT.
,-'.rs..g al LaE.
Hutchinson gazette. [volume] (Hutchinson, Kan.) 1895-1902, 1895-04-11
READY TO NAB THEM (!
CLOSING IN ON THE CARSON
MINT THIEVES.
ehrewd Detective Work Results In the
Recovery Of Stealing Extending Back
Through Two FOrmOr Administrations
and Continuing Through the Present.

Reno, New, April S-The Gazette
This afternoon says: Ernest Harris,
melter Of the United States branch at
Carson, and John T. Jones, assistant
melter and refiner, were suspended this
morning. The Gazette has positive in
formation that the mint shortage
amounts to about $4,000 and covers a
period OF five years running through
the terms of two former superintend-
ents and continuing during lhe pres
ent administration. The / lion on
hand has all been reassayed TO ascer-
tain II the value marked on the
Shoes" or bars, tailed with their true
value, but It did not. Inspector Mas
sey Is making a thorough examination
of mint affairs. He found that one de-
poslt containing about $13,OOO one-half
gold, has been replaced by bars valued
at $4,000, mostly silver. United States
district Attorney Jones In an interview
said that important arrests would soon
be made and that the announcement Of
the names would create a sensation.
Civil as we'll as criminal proceedings
will be instituted against those who
are even remotely connected with the
steal. Mr.. Jones says the government
has full corps In various departments
at various points procuring the neces-
sary proof to warrant arrests and that
Notwithstanding the great ingenuity
Of the criminals in their operations, a
complete chain of evidence OF their
guilt has been welded.
Hutchinson gazette. [volume] (Hutchinson, Kan.) 1895-1902, 1895-04-11
WORST HE EVER SAW.
Terrible Snow storm in the Panhandle of
Texas.

Yesterday Postal Clerk Will Almon
arrived from Panhandle City, Texas.
He was due here Saturday night. The
cause of the delay was an unexpected
snow storm on the plains Of the Pam
handle, the worst ever seen in Texas
by the present generation When the
north-bound train left Panhandle 1t
commenced to rain and In a short time
a heavy snow began falling. Before
the train had travelled twelve miles the
ground was covered, and at White
Deer 1t encountered cut that was com
pletely choked. Engineer John Scow
ran his engine into the snow bank think
ing he could pillow his way through It,
but the only result was that his head
light was shattered. The cut is a little
one, but Notwithstanding that It took
three hours work to get the train
through 1t. The crew suffered a good
deal, having no overcoats, gum boots
or winter equipment of any kind along
with them. Mr.. Altman says that the
telegraph wires were as thick as a roll
ing pin with accumulated sleet and that
between Canadian and Shattuck the
weight broke down the wires a dis
lance of us poles. Communication
with the dispatchers office at yelling
ton was completely cut off and that
office had no idea where the train was
for several hours. 1t was the worst
storm Mr. Almon ever saw.