Waterbury evening Democrat., 1895-08-26

times. But an outside estimate on the best figures attainable places the loss at Borodino at about 2I per cent.
 z. Gettysburg, 1868. Loss, 20 per cent. Union troops not all closely engaged and their loss 10 per cent. The four Union corps most heav- !ly engaged--namely, the First, Second, Third and Eleventh-lust S2 per cent. The six corps most closely engaged-including the Fifth and Twelfth with the above-lost about 27 per cent.
 8. Shiloh, 1882. Loss, 20 per cent. Union loss, 171S per cent.
 9. Mars la Tour, 1870. Germans and French Loss, 16 per cent.
 II. Woerth, lS70 Germans and French. Loss, fl per cent.
 12. Solferno, 1859. French and Austrians Loss, l2 per cent.
 13 Sadowa, 1S66 Prussians and Austrians. Loss, 12 per cent
 Of these battles Eilau, Marengo, Leip- sic and Waterloo were fought with smoothbore flintlock muskets; Stone River, Chickamauga, Antietam, Gettys- burg, Shiloh and Solferino with rif1ed barrels and percussion caps, and Woerth and Mars la-Tour with breechloaders. At Sadowa the Prussians had breech- loaders.
 If the figures for the losses at Eilau, Marengo and Leipsic could bo given with the exactness that applies to the battles of the civil war it is probable that the percentage of losses on those fields would be found less than I have estimated.
 The figures handed down doubtless include the prisoners or missing, thus swelling the loss. In the numbers given for the civil war only the known killed and wounded are included in the ac- count. To be exact, then, Stone River, Chickamauga, Antietam, Gettysburg and Shiloh must be considered the blood jest battles of the century.
 The Battle Scarred Regions.
 The war invested certain regions with memories that can never fade The vet erans with their descendants and rela- tives who take pride in the achieve ments of kindred have made pilgrimages to the scenes hallowed by clash of arms, and every wave of interest set ill motion by battlefield tour broadens until thou sands and tens of thousands are drawn ill. But aside from all this the battle scared regions remain monuments an nouncing the splendor and glory of the past. It will never be possible to tear from the valleys of the Potomac, the Rappahannocl1, the Shenandoah and the James the associations of the war nei- ther from the Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia mountains of the west.
 In the east the bloody ground was between Gettysburg, Pa, on the north and Suffolk, Va, on the south, the vest ern limit on line drawn through Lynchburg, and the eastern through Nor folk. In this district, about 150 miles broad and 200 miles long, occurred IS battles, where the loss in killed outright numbered over 100, 1000 and the aggre- gate of killed and wounded was over 200, 900. In the lesser engagements and ill siege operations probably 100000 moro were numbered with the casnal- ties.
 Here were fought the desperate strug gles of Gettysburg, Antietam, Malvern Hill and Winchester, fields of glorious memory to the veterans who contended there. Here the Monitor bore down the Merrimac and led off ill new era of naval warfare. Here, too, was Appomat- tOx. Back and forth over this blood stained arena the armies contended in the campaigns of the Rappahannock, the Peninsula, the invasions of Maryland and Pennsylvania, tho Shenandoah and the Wilderness.
 The graves of the Union dead i'll this cOnsCcratcd arena number over 90, 900, and tens of thousands more, who there received their death stroke, were borne north to their last resting place. The plains of Manassas, the wales through IE-l,i i,.D hn Shenandoah tS n streams, the banks of the Potomac and the James were altars whereon the rich blood of patriots was shed as libations to the god of nationality.
 The bloody ground ill the west is al most identical with the state of TenneS- see. From Atlanta on the southern limit to Knoxville on the northern is about l4O miles, and from Atlanta to Mem phiS on the west about 300 miles. With i'll tho limits come Chickamauga, Stone River and Shiloh, three of the desperate battles of the age. For three years the war ragged back and forth across the state of Tennessee. Fort DOnelSOn, Nashville, MurfrecsbOro, Knoxville, Chattanooga and Corinth were scenes of repeated struggles. Over 7O,OOO Union dead lie
 
 trIiH If thousands were taken north from there for burial. The great movements of Confederate invasion of the north under Bragg and Hood, were met and checked ill that section.
 War Memories a Vast Heritage.
 The soldiers engaged on both sides numbered nearly 5000, ,000 men. That means that, aside from every other inter- est which turned mCn's attention to the war, l5, ,000. GOO persons looked upon the struggle as one uf life and death for self ur some one dear to them. But that is view far ton nalrow. In the south every family gave up every ablebodied son. and ill the north it is scarcely possi- ble to find one not represented ill the second degree at least. Not merely the 15,OOO, 900 soldiers and others represent ed by them, but the entire 50 900, 900 inhabitants, were stirred i'll every emo tion and in every feeling by the war. The few that felt no sympathy had all antagonism quite as deep and as lasting in its effect. So ill point of fact the his. tory of the war, with its romance, its pathos, it's deep currents of feeling, whether of sorrow or eXultatiOn, its trag. edies and it's thrilling settlements, comes to this generation as the heritage of 5O,. 0O0,OO people.
 There is still another side to the mag nitude of the war, one seldom thought of or at least not appreciated, and that is the cost of it all-the actual destruc tion involved is life and property. War is destructive, and if neithcN' the cause at stake nor the spirit of the contest stirs mems blood so as to mark the genera tions following them the passion aroused by personal loss will. Taken in mass the loss of life would show great cities wiped out. and that of property whole states put in pawn. The number oi men i'll nthe northern armies alone, killed ill battle, would equal the entire male adult population of the cities of Buffa 1o