The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1895-10-13

in Fastening the maturity of the trees.
Missouri Pippin and Ben Davis have
always been made to bear the fourth
year after setting through allowing
them to grow practically at will.
There are two other strong reasons
for heading the trees low: The heavy
prairie winds have less opportunity to
whip them about and injure them, and
the fruit is much more readily gath
cred where it is borne near the ground.
Young plantations are kept cultiVait-
ed in corn until they begin to bear.
For cultivating the Sherwood steel har-
ness is used, as it has no singletree5
to bark the trees. AS soon as the
trees begin to bear the orchard is
seeded to clover, and none of the
growth is removed from the land At
ter the clover goes to seed each year
the ground is run over with a cutter
devised for the purpose, which cuts
all the clover and weeds and leaves
them for mulching. The action of the
cutter is also to cover much seed,
which insures a new growth of clover.
The cutter is built on a plan similar
to that of an ordinary stalk cutter
Gathering and Packing.
The gathering Of the apples is done
by men in gangs of u to 10. each gang
in charge of a foreman. An ordinary
tWo-bushel grain sack, swung over the
shoulder and kept open by a hoop in
the mouth, is used by each man. He
fills his sack as full as IT can be con-
veniently carried and empties into
boxes on a wagon, which is kept con-
veniently near. As soon as the wagon
is loaded it is driven to the packing
house, where the applies are care
fully assorted and graded before ship
ment
Spraying.
One of the most potent factors in
making the Welihouse orchards profit
able is the scientific and carefully con-
Quoted system of spraying for insect
and fungus pests. BY the use of Lon
don purple, at an aggregate cost for
the season of less than % cents per
acre, the ravages of the Goblin moth
worm, the leaf roller and the tent
caterpillar are reduced to an almost
inappreciable minimum, and the can
ker Worm is made practically harm
less. Apple scab is also controlled to
of copper carbonate before the bios
SONS open in spring.
The Soil.
For fruit trees must in all cases be
dry, either naturally or made so by
draining. A rich loam is always the
most desirable. but by iudicious treat
ment, both very light and very heavy
soils are available
Preparation For Planting.
Pulverize u or IS inches by repeated
blowing and sub-soiling, but when
grass land must be used, remove the
turf from a circle four or five feet in
diameter; keep this space mellow and
free from weeds. Make the hole larger
than is necessary to admit all the
roots in their natural position, and
throw out the surface and sub-soil in
separate piles.
When your trees arrive prune off
broken and bruised roots, and cut
back the last growth of top TO four or
five buds. except in fall planting, when
the top pruning may be deferred I'M
til the spring following. If not ready
to plant at once heel in" by opening
a trench deep enough to admit of all
the roots and set the trees therein as
close together as they can stand, be-
ing careful to tramp the dirt close
about the roots. Take up again as
wanted. If ready to plant keep the
roots shaded and wet. Some planters
puddle" their trees by dipping the
roots in a paste of mud and water
Planting.
Round up the bottom of the hole with
surface soil SO that the tree will stand
a little deeper than it did in the nur-
sery. The dwarf pear and cherries
must be deep enough to cover the
stock on which it is budded, two or
three inches. Work the soil around
and under the roots with the hand
and when well covered tramp down
hard Gf not too moisD. Set the tree
as firm as a post, but leave the surface
filling (of the poorer soiD light and
loose. Trees thus set will need no
stalking unless quite tall. Never use
manure in contact with the roots.
When planted in the fall, keep earth
around the trunk a foot high or more,
to remain during the first winter only,
as a protection against frosts and mice.
MuIching.
Or covering the ground with coarse
manure, straw, marsh hay or other
vegetable refuse during the first sum-
mer viii effeotually prevent injury
from drouth, and is a benefit at all
times. Never mulch evergreens with
manure.
Injured Trees.
If trees are received in a frozen
state, place the package unopened in
a cellar, away from frost and heat,
until thawed out, and then unpack
If dried from long exposure, bury en-
tirely in the ground or place in water
from twelve to twenty-four hours
Elgin, ILL.,, Nurseries Catalogue.
If STILL ALIVE.