The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1895-11-06

er crimes. Between 1858 and 1872 there
were 1854 assaults with attendant
wounds. This would be at the rate of
EOS per 100000 In the same period
there were &C highway robberies, or at
the annual rate of So per 100000 The
annual rate for assaults throughout all
Italy is S4,17 per 10000, and for high
way robbery SGT per 100000. Artena
had between 1858 and 1872 lie thefts, or
at the rate of 145,5 annually per 100000
and between 1873 and 1883 1877, at the
rate of 211.5 per 100000 The rate for
all Italy between 1879 and 1887 was 4LS6
per 100, 900.
At the recent assizes at Artena thir-
ty-two persons We're accused Of crime
There were eight charges of highway
robbery, three of murder, and one of
assassination. There We're more than
forty persons strongly suspected OF
crime, but the number of accusations
was reduced in order that fewer per-
sons in the community might be inter
ested against the administration of JUS
tice. The old names again appeared
among the accused. 1t seems that
crime is hereditary in comparatively
few families. One of these families is
the Pomponi. They have been famous
for generations The father has served
a long term in Jail; the mother was i'm
prisoned for thirty years; three of the
sons have been sentenced to long
terms, and the fourth, a lad of thirteen,
escaped conviction because of his
Do Ia nj Fn,
rogue, called himself the mirror of the
country" meaning that he was a mod
el of virtue. Francisco Bucci, on being
reminded from the bench by the presi-
ding Judge, that he had sought to draw
an acquaintance into criminal affair,
proudly replied
What need have to ask aid in COM
hitting a crime? | am equal to pilla-
ging whole village single handed"
The prisoners had no shame in their
career, and there was great competi-
ton as to which of them should have
his picture made for an Illustrated pa
per of Rome.
The characteristic of these people I'M
der accusation is usually an absolute
silence. Witnesses are reticent and
timid One unwilling witness, however,
let drop the discriminating word paran-
"a. The usual meaning of paranza is a
sub-group of the Italian criminal socie-
| ty called camorra. This last has a
great chief, while the paranza Is a
group under a small chief with treas
urer, secretary and other officers. 1t is
supposed that the camorra does not ex-
list as such at Artena, but that the pa
| rama is a small, independent organiza-
ton of local criminals. The law of the
paranza at Artena, as Of the camorra
elsewhere, is silence, reciprocal false
| testimony in court, defence of the ac-
cused with the aid of common fund,
and death to informers. Pasquale Viii
| lani was at once chief and treasurer of
| the Artena paranza, He furnished
false witnesses, paid the attorneys and
| watched the trial with the utmost care.
Professor Sichele believes that crime
| is primarily hereditary at Artena. He
| thinks this, more than anything else,
accounts forSits persistence. Organiza-
| ton. with the terrorizing of the we'll
ordered community, has helped to per-
petuate THIS state OF dlbdliS. JuStice
| has failed alike underline Papal gov
eminent and under that Of the king,
The camorra in rural Italy usually take
the form of bridandage, in cities the
form of crimes against property, and
cunning devices At Artena, once g
| nest of brigands, 1t takes the form OF
murder, highway robbery and theft
Crime there makes small pretence OF
secrecy.