davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-03-20
They Will Carve Bones.

The difficulty which has been en-
countered in this country of keeping con-
victs prof1tably employed without bring
ing their labor into competition with
honest labor of the country has long con"
fronted the prison authorities Of England
and caused them good deal of PEI
plexity. Any occupation which they
could decide upon was sure to call forth
energetic protests from one or another
of the trades unions. The prison COM
missioners have had the matter under
consideration for long time, and at
last have hit ON novel scheme. 1t is
proposed TO convert the refuse bone of
the prisons into articles Of merchandise.
The prisoners will be instructed in cary
ing, and it is anticipated that carved
bone goods will meet with a ready sale
and interfere with 40 existing industry
in the country.-Picayune.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-03-20

they are sub ected to treatment of fan
ming, polishing, and sorting before being
put upon the market. This process is
simple and inexpensive. ri ...
The machinery, neither costly nor in
tricate, is placed in four-story build
ing in such a way that the peanuts are
not handled from the time they are put,
in their uncleaned condition in the hop
pers on the fourth floor until on the first
floor they are sewed in bags, branded,
and marked ready to ship, with the ex-
ception that in the course of this process
they have passed over movable table
in the form of an endless belt, between
two rows of operators somewhat skilled
in the detection of immature and faulty
nuts, which are picked out and put into
separate receptacle, only the good and
merchantable nuts being allowed to pass
into the bag beneath; these are the hand
picked factory stock" of the trade
u. S. Farmers Bulletin.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-03-20
A Great Forage Plant.

Mr.. w. A. Sanders writes as foil 10 VS.
to the Sacramento (Cal.) Record Union:
The greatest success that have at
tanned as Fresno county rancher is in
having produced tender, succ ulent, nu-
tritieus, palatable, milk producing cow
feed at the rate of over 200 tons per acre
in a year. The plants yielding this
enormous amount of feed were three
different species Of Arundin@, plants by
no means new to agriculture. In the
Bible they are spoken of under the He
brew name "Kaneh," which is generally
translated creed" The Jews and Greeks
made their arrows of the stems, and the
tent of Achilles was matched with their
leaves.
/ planted them without any idea of
their value for feed, but soon found that
the succulent young stems were greedlly
eaten by stock, and today we are feeding
each cow at milking time pailful of
the new growths of tender, juicv stems,
the size and length of chair posts, we
gathering them by swapping them off at
the ground, after the manner of gather
ing asparagus. We throw them into the
feeding trough and chop them up with
sharp shovel, and the COWS eat them
the same as they would turnips or
pumpkins prepared in like manner.
The man who has to make living for
his family, who will provide them with
cow fresh in milk in the spring and
another fresh in autumn, and will sup
ply to his COWS the best of milk produc-
ing feed, insurlng a constant family
supply Of milk, cream and butter, that
man has solved the problem of cheap,
good living for his family. The best
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-03-20
Harry egting Peanuts.

both to the vines, when regarded as
fodder, and to the kernels. 1t may be
necessary to dig the crop some time be-
fore frost is feared, because early formed
nuts when frost is long delayed begin
to sprout, and the loss to the farmer
from that cause would be greater than
the gain from the maturing of the later
nuts. Besides,if peanuts have been Gull
tivated IN the same land for several
years the vines often will drop their
leaves and are thus greatly injured for
use as hay.
Peanut farmers have a pillow made es-
peeially for harvesting this crop, which
has no moldboard/ and has bar three
feet long and All upright the same as the
other plows. The foot piece is welded
twelve inches from the rear end and ex-
tends up five inches, with a small hole
through it, to which is fastened the
hind helve of the pillow. The beam is as
usual with handles fastened to either
side of it. There is duck bill on the
fiat end of the bar and a sword four in
ches wide and sixteen inches long
welded to the bar five inches behind the
duck bill and extending out to the
right side diagonally and edward, so
as to run under and cut Che taproot of
the vine.
This plow, with two rses attached,
is passed up each side of the row deep
enough to escape the peas, the long
wing cutting the taproots. rendering
them easy TO remove from the SOIL Fol-
lowing this pillow laborers with pitch
forks remove the plants from the ground
carefully shaking off all loose soil, and
pihng them in wIndrows, three rows in
one. They are usually plowed in the
morning. and then in the afternoon are
stacked or shocked around poles seven
feet hi Oh, set in the ground at conven-
lent places in the field IN shocking.
care is taken to keen the vines from the
ground, the usual practice being to lay
a couple of fence logs on each side of the
center pole, and the plants are so ar
ranged around the pole so as to have the
pods inside, and also to leave some space
next to the pole for the circulation of
air. The shocks are usually capped with
corn fodder or hay to keep out the rain.
After being thus stacked from fifteen
to twenty days the pods are ready to be
picked. This operation is usually per-
formed by women and children, who are
paid so much per bushel, and are ex-
pected to pick only the matule and
sound pods. Itiis slow and tedious work
and one of the largest items of expense
to the peanut farmer. Some farmers
leave their nuts unpicked until spring,
butt this subjects them to the depreda-
tions esof birds and animals. many of
which readily eat either the nuts or the
vines.
In the Wilmington section there is
some varia tion from the above in the
method of harvesting the crop. The
vines after being allowed to remain in
the ground two DAYS after blowing are
then pulled out and shaken free from
soil and stacked around poles twelve to
fourteen feet high, where they are al
lowed to remain about a week or ten
days and are then removed to large barns
andjstnrnd q wav liknclOvar hav until it ia
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1895-03-20


little if any difference in the price of
hand or machine detached pods of the
North Carolina variety, and what differ
enee there may be in price is Offset by
the saving in cost and the rapidity with
which they can be put upon the market
at any. desired time. Besides, it is
claimed that the hay, after passing
through the picker or thrashing machine
is in better condition for fodder than the
hay from the hand gathered peanuts.
After the peanuts are picked they
should be cleaned before being sacked.
The necessity of cleaning is of course
not so great as it was prior to the es-
adjustment OF recleaners or factories,
but still the cleaning Of the nut would
not only leave large number of pops
and saps on the farm for the feeding of
stock, but would doubtless cause the nuts
to bring price sufficient to justify the
expense of cleaning. The sacks used for
peanuts are either sixtysix or seventy
two inches long, and wide enough to
hold four bushels, or one hundred pounds.
Even should the farmer not intend to sell
his nuts at once, he should at least sack
them, as an attempt to keep them in
bulk might cause them to heat. In fill
ing the sacks care must be taken to fill
each corner, and the entire sack should
be we'll distended, yet not tight enough
to crush the shells. Put away, in dry
airy place, peanuts will keep in these
sacks several years, should it be necess-
airy so to do.
YIELD .s
According to the Eleventh Census
bulletin No. 37S, p. 81, the average crop
of peanuts in the United States in 1889
was l7.6 bushels per acre, the average
in Virginia being about twenty and in
Tennessee about thirty-two bushels pei
acre. This appears to be very low av.
erage especially as official and semi
official figures Civ fifty or sixty bushels
as an average crop, and one hundred
bushels is not an uncommon yield. Fair
peanut land properly manfred and
treated to intelligent rotation of crops
should produce In an ordinary season a
yield of fifty bushels to the acre and
from one to two tons of excellent hay,
Of course better land with more liberal
treatment and favorable season will
produce heavier crops, the reverse being
true of lands which have been frequently
planted with peanuts without either
manuring or rotation of crops. Besides
the amount of peas gathered there are
always large quantities left in the ground
which have escaped the gathering, and
on these the planter turns his herd of
hogs, so that there is no waste Of any
part of the plant.
The yearly production of peanuts in
this countryis. about 4, 100000 bushels
Of % pounds, Virginia, Georgia. Ten
nessee, and North Carolina being, ac-
cording to the Eleventh Census, the
largest producers in the order named
These 100000 bushels, while fully
supplying the present demand in the
United States, constitute but a small
portion of the peanut crop of the world,
as the expectation from Africa and India
to Europe in 1892 amounted to nearly
NJ IL
Pawtucket tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 1890-189?, 1895-05-28

Pvice OF Pineola B lsam, 25c per bottle. All
druggists. ELY BROS. 80 Warren ST.. n. Y.
mll 4w
The representative., 1895-10-23
LET OUR READERS HELP.

We have a large advertising con-
tract with the Swamp Angel Medicine
Company, which will be extended if
our readers will help. Thousands Of
Populists buy medicines, soap and
pills every day and are entitled to the
best in the market From letters and
testimonials from the people we are
led to believe that the Swamp Angel
Medicine is wonderful remedy as it's
merits were established on the "No
cure. money refunded PLAN" Every re-
tail druggist should be forced to order
this remedy. Any dealer can get
these preparations from any wholesale
druggist Don't let any druggist de-
ceive you by saying that another
remedy is just as good or that he
makes something better. Some will
say it is fraud simply and only be-
cause they have not got it in stock
The Swamp Angel Medicine Company
sets aside the greater part of the net
profits OF their sales as special fund
for the reform press. Whether you
need these remedies or not Cut Out
the ticket present it to your local
druggist and kick until he gets it in
stock. By this means you force every
Democrat and Republican druggist to
assist the reform press and our paper
to sow the seeds of a PopuliSt victory
in 1886.
Notice this request and help.
The representative., 1895-10-23
MAY MEAN A FAMINE.
THE PRESENT DROUTH THE GREAT
EST EVER KNOWN.
EXCEPT IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN
REGION THE COUNTRY is AS
DRY AS A DESERT.

Washington, Oct. 20.-Reports re-
that the present drouth is one of the Sc
verest, longest and most general known
in the history of the bureau. There are a
few places which show an exception to
section of the country, unless, perhaps,
in the Northwest, and far West, does
there appear to have been soaking rain
for the past two months or more. Where
there has been exceptional precipitation
it has been confined to small areas In
some parts of the country the drouth be-
gan in the latter part of July, but in
most of the sections it did not become
markedly pronounced until in August.
The entire Atlantic coast, with a few
exceptions, such as Charleston, S. c., and
Augusta, Ca, shows a deficiency below
the normal rainfall since the first of All-
gust, amounting in some instances to al
most half of the average precipitation.
The Ohio and Mississippi report similar
conditions, as does part of the Pacific
coast. The great | axe region on the
whole has Jared better than other Sec
tiOnS of the country east of the Missis-
sippi In some parts of the Rocky Noun
tain region, as in Colorado, Wyoming,
Utah and Nevada, there have been ex-
cessive rainfalls during this period and
along the Pacific coast from Olympia to
San Francisco there were good rains in
September, as there have been in places
since.
Farther east from this country Ar
kansas. Indianapolis, Ind, and Minneap-
oils, Mimi, are the centers of districts
where the drouth was broken in Sep
tember. There have been good rains
also in parts Of Iowa. Nebraska Missouri,
and Kansas.
The greatest complaints come from
West Virginia, Kentucky and Western
Pennsylvania. Fortunately, in most
parts of the country the drouth did not
set in until after the principal crops were
matured, consequently the effect has not
been so disastrous as it would have been
if it had begun earlier. In some places
1T has had a slight effect on the planting
of winter wheat, and complaints come
from many quarters of the inconvenience
of securing water for domestic and stock
purposes, many small streams, stock
ponds springs and wells having become
dry. Pastures have been injured in
many states. It is also noticeable that
there has been an increase of typhoid
fever over the normal in many of the
sections where the drouth is severe.
The representative., 1895-10-23
IMPORTANT NOTICE.
A Meeting of the Executive Com
mittee of the State Alliance to
be Held November Goth.
Hon. Ignatius Donnelly:

Will you kindly give notice in THE
REPRES SENTATIvE that there will be
a meeting Of the Executive c. mmit-
tee of the State Alliances on NJvem-
Der goth, at l O'Clock p. M, in the c ty
of Minneapolis. l d)n't know at what
hotel to call the meeting. l under
stand that the Brunswick is closed.
Perhaps we had better meet at THE
REPRESENTATIVE office, and tnen 90
to some hotel.
have not called the committee to-
gether before for the reason that
thought it best to wa until we could
have time tG take hold and do some
work. l hope every member OF the
C nm ttee will be present.: and that
we can arrange an aggressive cam
paign for December. over the stat
II you can arrange your business so
that you can meet with Us at our
committee meeting [ should be glad
to have you. Yours,
J. 1. VERMILYA.
The editor Of THE REPRESENTA-
TIVE will certainly be present, and
hopes there will be full attendance
of the committee. Steps should be
taken at that time to call meeting
Of the State Alliance and of the Popu-
lists, and clear the deck for the great
world battle of lS96-I d.
The representative., 1895-10-23

playing part into which he is forced
by malign power that has bought him
with price that he dare Motif he
would-repudiate and betray. Like the
football that is kicked into the air and
becomes more conspicuous than the force
that prOpelles it, he Is powerlesS to re-
sist his fate.
But the elevation of the football is
brief. 1t descends, and SO will Cleve-
land, who, when he falls, must fall never
to rise again, for he shall be more in
tensely despised than any other man that
ever occupied the presidential chair
Neither himself nor his heirs shall, in
any real sense, enjoy the riches for which
he sold himself and destroyed his coun-
trymen, for IAN orphans curse"-which
''The American Marines said: would
drag to hell scrapple from on high
clings to every separate dollar Of his un-
holy accumulations. - 10 5Flref "0 "
No wonder that recently when COM
PEELED by his relentless theatrical man
ayers to exhibit himself as the stuffed
prophet and ideal of Mammon, in the
"sound money show at Chicago, he
walked the streets as if he saw not one
of the 100000 people whose eyes were
centered upon him." but looked stead
IdSlly anu llSll9SSly IOTWdrQ lnlO va
cancy."
The way of the transgressor is hard.
for his task masters are exacting, and
of all slave masters and tyrants none
are so cruel, so treacherous, so blood
thirsty, canibalistic, and yet so coward
ly, as the despots of usury, upon whose
shoulders are based all the crimes and
tyranies of the ages.
But he shall fall and no hand shall
help him.
Cleveland himself is the real "Object
lesson" on exhibition before the gaze of
the civilized world And what an exhi-
bition he is-down on his knees, with his
back to his own nation, his face in the
dust and his hands clutching, for the
crumbs from Rothchilds money tables,
while the single gold standard press,
bought with foreign gold, are applaud
ing the executive performance with
"editorials" (?) written and furnished by
Rothchild's financial agents, and shout
ing day and night: "The pen is mightier
than the sword. Great is public opin-
ion. Great is sound money and Cleve-
land is it's prophet"
The representative., 1895-10-23
A NATIONAL BADGE.

Mr.. A. r. Crawford writes us from
Belton. Texas, as follows: "The
Porulists he.e have adopted a nation
al badge. Three ribbons, red, white
and blue, five, six and seven inches
long respectively, placed the white on
the blue and the red on the white,
showing one inch each at the bottom
Of the white and blue, representing
The national colors. for the POpulists
are the only American party, and also
the three cardinal principles OF the
party-fnance, transportation and
land. F may be printed on the bot
tom of the red, T. on the white and L
on The blue. Let this badge be worn
by POnuliStS evervwNere.'
The representative., 1895-10-23
CONDITION OF LABOR IN ENG
LAND

The industrial World" published
at Swansea, takes this rather unhap-
by view OF the situation ia Great
Britain:
"In glancing over the present posi-
tion of the workers of our country, the
thoughtful observer, acquainted with
his country's history. cannot but be
more or less disappointe The ad
vCcates of education, Of 30 or 40 years
ago, expected great things therefrom.
Education was to remove from our
midst all crime; it was to make our
people sober people; it was going to
make the thriftless thrifty, and it was
going to make the people happy. For
years we have had compulsory educa-
tiOn, and the number OF illiterateS in
our country is now comparatively
small, yet the beneficial effect of edu-
cation on the lines Indicated is most
disappoii, The men who have
had all the advantages of our elemen
tary schools care nothing about the
solution Of social problems; political
questions are Of little interest to
them: they take as mental food the
ind lffercnJ tales which they pick up
in cheap periodicals, and discard all
labor literature. They take a great
deal of interest in betting, and spend
both time and money in following
football teams. This is how the
young men of our country, who have
benefited by an xcelleEt system Of
education, are turning their advan-
tages to account. To eXpec1 that the
young tinplater would be superior to
workmen IN general is not fair, but
to point out to him his folly and to
try to induce him to take an intelll-
gent interest in his trade and in the
welfare of his country,is one of the OBJ
jects OF this journal, and for this rea
son we take this occasion to ask every
tinplater to pause to consider we'll the
lessons of the great depression. and
prepare betimes to meet the difficult
ties that can now be foreseen in the
trade in which he expects to secure
for himself and family the means to
live, and to do his part as citizen to
ensure conditions OF existence for him
self and family that will enable him
to get some Of the sweets as we'll as
the bitterness he is sure to get in his
lot on earth"
The representative., 1895-10-23
THE SILVER MARKET
LOOKING FOR AN I'M
PROVED DEMAND

PROVED DEMAND.
New York, Oct 22-The best authori-
ties on silver look for a steadily improv-
ing demand for the metal for some time
to come The willingness of Japan to
accept the indemnity from China in sill
yer contributed largely on the improve
ment in price which has been noted dur
ing the last few months and the accumu-
lation OF the metal in London will go on,
in order to complete the installmentS of
the indemnity at the various dates OF
payment. Mr. Townsend, OF the Hong
Kong bank, confirms this view and re-
ports in an interview that the bank is
about to make large shipment of silver
to China. Both China and Japan are
showing increasing inquiry for silver, as
the large amounts of the metal distrib-
uted by both countries in payment for
war material and supplies has been di-
verted to India and other silver coun-
tries. Mr.. Townsend adds that the silver
was ordered two months ago, and has
only Just been delivered. The silver
smelters are said to be sold ahead for
two months. Japan is minting most of
it's silver money.
London statistics show that there has
been a decrease this year in the impOrta-
tions of silver to England of 100000
ounces, equivalent to about f1,000,000
sterling. This year, also, there will be a
decrease in importations of silver into
Washington of $4,000 900 ounces, as re-
suit of the repeal of the Sherman law.
This indicates a decrease in the produc-
ton Of the white metal this year of about
62,000000 ounces. The requirements OF
China for silver in connection with the
indemnity payments to Japan will ex-
tend over at least two years.
The representative., 1895-10-23
SILVER'S UPWARD TREND.

IT ATTRACTS NOTICE BOTH AT HOME
AND IN EUROPE.
New York. Oct. lO.-The upward
tendency of the market for silver is
attracting close atten tiOn both here
and in Europe. The headquarters of
the speculation in silver is in London,
but its price, among other influences,
has a distinct bearing upon the Sc
curities Of several Of our railway sys-
TENS as we'll as those of the Mexican
lines. The rise in silver, il con ntinued,
would affect the aforementioned prop
critics in three separate ways.
First, in their gross earnings. AS
the predominant industry in Mexico
is the mining Of silver, which has con-
tinued despite the fall in it's price,
would naturally be stimulated by an
increase in its value. This would, of
course, mean an increase in the earn
ings OF the roads which traverse the
mining districts.
Secondly the roads would be bene-
fitted by reduction OF their operat-
ing expenses, about one-third of
which are paid in gold.
Thirdly, d high price for silver in
creaSeS tie CAPACITY Of the roads to
meet their fixed charges, which are
payable IN gold, as an illuStra tiOn. it
has been carefully estimated that if
the Mexican Central railway had re-
celved the same price in 1894 for silver
as that obtaining in 1892, instead Of a
deficit of $4,000 for 1894, as actually
shown, the road would have earned a
subs bstantial surplus above fixed
charges. Also that the Mexican Ma
tional, with the same rate Of eX-
change as existed in 1890 would have
earned in 1894 full interest on both
prior lien and "A" bonds. In the
United States the Rocky Mountain
roads Will be favorably affected by
further appreciation in the price of
the white metal, and more particular
ly the people who are interested in
the rehabilitation Of the Union Pacific
system.
1t will be membered, that after
the Barring crisis in 1890 the Union
Pacific difficulties were adjust ted un-
der the administration of j. Pierpont
Morgan by the issue of large cCllat-
eral trust. For three years following
that time, until the silver crisis in
1893, the property reflected steadily
improving conditions, with the result
that the securities advanced SO that
a large amount or the collateral trust
notes were retired. When the silver
collapse occurred, the road went into
the hands Of receivers, although no
charges of irregularities or incompe-
tence were brought against the man
agement. 1t was simply case of lost
earning power due to the fact that
the sustaining industry Of the regions
which a large portion of the road
trayersed had been paralyzed.