The record-union., 1895-10-21

WASHINGTON. Oct. 2O.-The rela-
tions OF capital to labor, so far as these
apply to strikes and lockouts during the
past seven and one-half years, are ex-
haustively treated in the the annual re-
portsof Colonel Carroll d. Wright. the
Commissioner OF Labor, which is made
| public to-day.
The report shows that during the fore
| going period Illinois had the largest mum
! ber of establishments affected both by
strikes and lockOuts, there having been
| 10000 of the former and l, 1913 OF the latter.
| New York came second on the list with
| 9, $40 establishments involved in strikes
and 723 lockouts. and Pennsylvania
third, with $500 strikes and 400 lockouts.
The industries most affected by strikes
/ during the seven and one-half years in
clu ded in the report were the building
trades, with 20,7S5 establishments in
volved, coal and coax with 5,59S. clothing
with 3,04l, tobacco with 2, ,506. food prepar-
ations with 1885, stone quarrying and
! cutting with 1893, metals and metallic
| goods with 1854, transportation with
1927, printing and publishing with Cos,
boots and shoes with 601, furniture with
| 459, wooden goods with 409, and brick
/
affected by lock-outs were the building
trades with 1900, stone quarrying and
cutting with 4S9, clothing with 43l. brew
| ing l50, boots and shoes with $780, metals
and metallic goods with lbs and trans
portation with 1l2 establishments in
Yolved.
The total number Of employees involved
or thrown out of employment during the
| period covered by the report was :, 39l ,303.
| The total numbe of strikers or persons
| originating the strikes were / l.S34 2l2.
There were 239. 43l new employees after
the strikes of the foregoing period OF
which 1857 were brought from other
| places. LOckouts were ordered III 3,SJ3
| establishments, having Z14657 employees
/ before the lockouts, OF which 205, S67 were
| thrown out OF employment in conse-
quence thereof. These establishments Sc
cured u, 400 new employees after the lock-
outs, 16,300 of which wore brought from
| other places.
An interesting feature of the report is
| the tabular statement showing the States
In which the majority of the strikes and
! lock-outs were located. These were live
| in number, and were, respectively,
! Illinois, Massachusetts, New y ork, Ohio
and Pennsylvania. The strikes in this
| quintet OF commOnwealths were about 20
per cent. OF the whole number OF estab-
| Ilshments in the nited States affected by
strikes, while the lock-outs were about
! country. The report shows that these
five States contained 81 per cent. OF all
the manufacturing establishments, and
| employed 06 per cent OF the capital in
vested IN the mechanical industries of the
| country. taking the census of 1880 as the
basis OF computation.
The report shows that out of a total of
| 10, ASS strikes for the entire country, more
than 56 per cent. occurred in twenty-siX
cities. The number of establishments
! involved in strikes in the I United States
were IS, S63, OF which mum Der 6I per cent.
occurred in the foregoing cities. which
are as follows: New York, Brooklyn,
| Chicago, Boston, Allegheny and Pitts
| burg, Philadelphia, ST. Louis, Cincinnati.
Milwaukee. Lynn, Fail River, San Fran
| cisco, Baltimore, New Haven, Newark,
Cleveland, Rochester, indianapolis, Hav-
erhill Minneapolis, Paterson, Buffalo,
Jersey City, st. Paul and Troy. More
| than 40 per cent. OF the strikes in these
cities. which aggregated 5,9O9, occurred
in New York, where tho average
loss OF employees was nearly S6,500,000,
exclusive Of S792, 900 contributed to them
by other labor organizations. while the
! loss to the employers was g little more
| than S., 100000.
The number of strikes in Boston was
257, with a loss to the employees OF $780,
900, as against $3.50, 900 for the employers
| The total number OF strikes III Allegheny
and Pittsburg were 25l. and the loss of
wages S7,379, 100, while the loss to en-
| ployers was s., 100000. In Chicago,
where the strikes aggregated 52S, the loss
| to employees reached nearly of $4,000, 900,
while that of the employers was nearly
| Sl4,500, coo. In Paterson. \. J., where
| the mum ber of strikes was only I47, the
| loss TO employees was more than u, ,000,00
as against half that sum for the employ
| ers.
The total wage loss to the employees
during the foregoing period in these
| twenty-siX cities was IN round numbers
| $50 900, 600, while the loss to employers
was something less than $4,000, coo. The
| number of lockouts as compared with
the strikes for the same period was small
| in the aggregate. but the losses incurred
were enormously increased. The total
was 244 lockouts, with loss of wages TO
the employees of $4,000, 900, while that of
the employers was nearly hall that sum.
| For the period covered by the report,
out of the 6,S63 establishments affected
by strikes success in their demand was
gained by the employees in 20,4l0, partial
success was gained in 4775 establish
ments, and failure followed in 2l,61S es-
Establishments. Out OF the 1882 establish
| ments having lockouts, 1883 succeeded
in gaining their demands, 39l partially
succeeded, and 1,55S failed.
The leading cause of strikes was for an
increase of wages, and these represent %
per cent. OF the whole number. Thirteen
per cent. were for reducing Of hours, s
per cent. were against reduction OF wages
Z per cent. were sympathetic. 6 por cent.
were for increase of wages and reduction
OF hours, per cent. were against the en-
ployment of nou-union men and per
tor recognition of the union.
Battle-ShIp Indiana.