davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24
NEWS ITEM S.

Mexico has passed bill providing
the death penalty for train robbers.
Wisconsin Paper Co. S mill at Whit
ing, Wis, burned. Loss, $4,000.
Bostonians urge President Cleveland
to utter the nations protest against
the conduct of Turkish government in
Armenia.
BY collision of trolley cars at Brook
Ign, nearly 100 people were more OF
less bAlised and several severely in.
jured. Employees were arrested.
A dispatch says that Japan con-
tinues to occupy the Laio Tung PENN.
sula, and will do so until a special in
demnity is paid her either by the pro-
testing powers or by China.
The President has retired Admiral
Meade on bis own application, and in
doing SO has administered a severe re.
buke to him, because he expressed his
opinions regarding the administration.
Fire broke out in the tobacco and
cigar factory known 'as the Flor de
Fuma, at Havana, Cuba. Before the
flames were under control damage
estimated to the amount of $50. 600
was done. While fighting the fire Is
firemen were injured, and two of them
will die.
The Canadian cruiser Petrol seized
the nets of Cleveland fishermen in
Lake Erie, claiming that they were in
Canadian waters. Il. Il. Edison. OF
Cleveland, has measured the location
and says he was in American waters.
and will file protest with the Sc ere.
tary of state at Washington.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

of grains Of bullion in a Collar would
have the right to walk into the mint
and be coined into dollar. No man
would take less for IL when he could
have II coined at pleasure into a dollar
We would make gold coins of the value
OF so many silver units or dollars. as
the law existed prior to 1873. Silver is
the peoples money. Gold always was
and is the money Of the rich. We would
make both legal tender in the payment
Of all debts. We would repeal the law
of 1873 and the Sherman law OF of 1890
authorizing contracts (bonds notes, and
mortgages) to be taken payable in gold
only. We would allow no discrimina-
ton to be made between the legal ten
der character Of the two metals. We
would allow no private individual to
dictate to the government what its le-
gal tender money should be. We would
place the white metal on an equal foot
ing with the colored metal without re-
gard to previous condition OF race or
servitude."
Talking of the folly Of single gold
standard, he made this point: "A
corner on beef can not seriously threat
en- the health of the people of this ma
ton so long as mutton and pork are in
competition with beef. A corner on gold
could not, as ii does now, seriously
threaten the credit OF this nation II
silver were in competition with gold as
primary money"
Attacking the recent issue of bonds
by the government he said: 1.-THE bank
OF Rothschilds IA England is now be-
hind the United States treasury. They
are our financial agents, our financial
managers. We are paying them the
princely salary OF $4,000, 900 for each six
months of their valuable services. We
are now in the hands OF the pawn
brokers of Europe. We are a debtor
nation and our people and corporations
are heavily in debt to the people in Eng
land, and the interests on what we owe
them amounts TO annually about $780,
00O,O payable in gold. They demand
gold. The contracts call for II in gold.
To pay This we have a balance due US
i'm trade with Europe OF about 500, 000,-
600. That leaves $50. 900 still. left TO
pay them. How do we pay It? We pro-
duce about $40, 000, 1000 in gold yearly.
We give them that. This leaves about
500, 900 900 still due them. How do we
pay Il? Out OF our reserve stock OF
gold with them getting all our money,
represented by the balance due us on
exports. and all our annual production
Of gold. and s1OO.000.00O annually from
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

should be n common country conducted
for the benefit of all the people"
He defined the position Of the silver
ties thus:
what we are contending for is the
opening OF the minis to the free coinage
OF silver Chey are now open TO the free
and unlimited coinage OF gold and have
never been closed been closed to that
metaD and the establishment of bimet-
allism on those simple and fixed prin-
ciples adopted by those statesmen who
had In view the interest of no class. but
of all the people. What we want is BIZ
metallism. And scientific bimetallism
Is this:
First-Free and unlimited coinage OF
both gold and silver; these two metals
to constitute the primary or redemption
money OF the government.
Second-The silver dollar OF 37A
grains OF pure silver to be the unit Of
value and gold to be coined into money
at a ratio to be changed IL necessary
from time to time If the commercial
parity to the legal ratio shall be affected
by the action of foreign countries.
Third-The money coined from both
metals to be legal tender in the pay
ment of all debts.
Fourth-The option as to which Of
the two moneys is to be paid in the
liquidation of a debt to rest with the
debtor, and the government also to eX-
erclse that option when desirable when
paying out redemption money.
"Silver is token money. 1t fas been
deprived Of that unlimited demand 1t
enjoyed prior to 1873. We would restore
to it that unlimited demand. We would
open the minis 10 it again. We would
leave the minis open to gold as they
are now. We would give silver the
same privileges as gold. Restoring 10
it this unlimited demand would cause
the value of silver to rise as compared
with gold. This is what we want. This
is what we would do. We would again
make the standard silver dollar the unit
of value as ii was before 1878. 1t would
thus be dollar. and the bullion in 1t
would be worth a dollar. as the number
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

ing indlsputably direct taxes, taxes on
the rents or income OF real estate are
equally direct taxes.
"2 We are OF the opinion that taxes
on personal property or on the income
OF personal property are likewise direct
taxes.
80 The tax imposed by sections q 70
81 inclusive, of the act of 1894, so far
as II falls on the income of real estate
and on personal property, being a di-
rect tax within the meaning of the con-
stitution Is therefore unconstitutional
and void, because not apportioned ac-
cording to representation, all those sec
tons constituting one entire scheme of
taxation are necessarily invalid.
THE DEGREES hereinbefore entered In
this court will be vacated. The DEGREES
below will be reversed and the cases
remanded with instructions to grant
the relief prayed"
Sections q TO 81 of the tariff act Of
1894 referred to in the conclusions Of the
court in the opinions are all the sec
lions Of the act relating to the income
tax, so that the entire income tax law
IS declared void specifically.
There was the usual throng OF people
about the United States supreme court
room in anticipation of a final decision
of the income tax cases. the chamber
being crowded for quite a time before
the court convened at noon. While there
were other cases under consideration in
the conference, the income tax cases
received the principal share of the at
tention of the members Of the court. The
presence of Justice Jackson caused a
great deal of speculation and was the
basis for much gossip as 10 the posi-
bility OF some sort of surprise for the
public. The chief justice Immediately
began the delivery of the main opinion
in the case.
Chief Justice Fuller delivered the
opinion, which is in part as follows:
whenever this court is required 10
pass upon the validity OF an act of con-
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24
BIG MEN IN DEBATE.
w. n. HARVEY AND PROF. J. L.
LAUGHLIN.
Editor of "CoIn" Makes His Plea for
the Wide Opening of the Mints TO
Snver-Prof. LaughlIn for the Cold
Standard.

Chicago, May 1S.-Last night at the IL
linois club house Prof. ]. Laurence
Laughlin. OF the University of Chicago,
and w. II. Harvey, author Of Coins
Financial School," debated on the sub
Ject: Resolved, That the United States
should enter at once upon the free coin
age OF silver at the ratio to gold or 10
to 1, Independent of the action OF any
other nation"
There was a great deal Of disappoint-
ment that the club house could not hold
more people, because hosts Of citizens
sought admission. But the club con-
fined the attendance strictly to it's own
membership and about 200 invited
guests. prominent banking and bust
ness men and men that might be Sc
lected by Prof. Laughlin and Mr.. Har-
vey Mr.. Harvey opened the debate. He
said in part:
THE first reason why l am in favor
of Independent action by this country
Is that we should not be subjected to
the influences of the governments of
Europe. If people can be reduced TO
poverty and the prosperity of the
United States can be ruined by hang
ing to the financial policy Of Europe,
then we can be reduced to the same con-
dition by financial legislation as war
of conquest would reduce us The
monometallists mostly say or admit BIZ
metallism would be good If we could
get international bimetallism. In
other words, they agree that there is
something radically wrong, but claim
that we are tied to the financial policy
of Europe" This Mr.. Harvey denied.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

gress as tested by the fundamental law
enacted by the people the duty imposed
demands in it's discharge the utmost
elaboration and care and invokes the
deepest sense Of responsibility. And this
is especially so when the question in
wolves the exeIolse of a great govern
mental power and brings into consider
alton, as vitality affected by the deci-
sion, that complex system of govern
ment, so sagaciously framed to secure
and perpetuate AN indestructible
union, composed OF indestructible
states
"As heretofore stated. the constitu-
ton divided federal taxation into two
great classes, the class of direct taxes
and the class of duties, imposts and
excuses, and prescribed two rules which
qualified the grant of power as to each
class. The power to lay direct taxes, APP
portioned TO their representation in
the popular branch OF congress, a rep
resentation based on population as as
certained by the census. was plenary
and absolute. but to lay direct taxes
without apportionment was forbidden.
The power to lay duties. imposts and
excuses was subject to the qualification
that the imposition must be uniform
throughout the United States.
"Our previous decision was confined
to the consideration of the validity OF
the tax on the income from real estate
and on the income from municipal
bonds. The question thus limited was
whether such taxation was direct or
not. i'm the meaning OF the constitution.
and the court went no farther as TO the
tax on the incomes from real estate
than to hold that IL fell within the same
class as the source whence the income
was derived-that Is, that tax upon
the realty and tax upon the receipts
therefrom were alike direct: while as
10 the income from municipal bonds,
that could not be taxed, becaose OF
want OF power to tax the source and no
reference was made to the nature OF
the tax as being direct or indirect.
1--WE are now permitted to broaden
the field OF inquiry and determine to
which OF the two great classes, a tax
upon a persons entire income whether
derived from rents or products or other
wise OF real estate. or from bonds.
stocks or other forms of personal prop
erty. belongs, and we are unable TO
conclude that the enforced subtraction
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

The Mexican cotton-boll weevil has
already begun its depredations on Tex
as cotton. 1t seems likely to do more
than anything else to reduce the cot
ton acreage in this largest cotton-pro-
ducing State. Last year Is per cent of
the cotton crop of Texas was destroyed
by this weevil. 1t works on the bolls
while the crop is growing, and poisons
have little effect on it. The damage
to the Texas crop is estimated this year
at 20 per cent. Measures will be taken
by adjoining States to keep this de-
structive enemy out of them.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24
INCOME TAX is DEAD.
SUPREME COURTS OPINION OF
THAT LAW.
The Measure Declared to be Unconstitu-
tional by Full Bench, the Justices
Being Divided, -Four Ia Favor and Five
Overwhelmingly OF the Opinions.

The United States supreme court has
declared the income tax law to be
unconstitutional.
The vote on the income tax resulted:
Five against the constitutionality of the
law to four for the law. Those against
the law were Chief Justice Fuller and
Justices Field, Gray, Brewer and Shir-
as; for the law, Justices Harlan. White,
Brown and Jackson.
Chief Justice Fuller read the opinion
and the conclusions of the court are as
follows:
81. We adhere TO the opinion already
announced that taxes on real estate be-
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

We never know what we are capable
of doing. Our latent capabilities lie
fallow until aroused by the needs of
the hour. There are no great leaders
until the necessity for them arises.
Without wars we can have no great
generals. But when the crisis arrives
there will always be someone to arise
superior to the situation to lead his fell
low men or unravel the skein in which
they have become entangled.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

A Washington correspondent says
that President Cleveland has been pho
tographed oftener than any other chief
executive. 1t must be admitted that
Grover has earned a great reputation
for dealing out negatives.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Emperor William has invented new
tipple which he calls violet cham
payne" 1t probably produces the same
old pink tinge. however, when used for
painting purposes.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Thieves got $4,000 from a bank at
Fiffiintown, Pa, last week. They were
smart enough not to tackle New York
bank. In all probability the cashier
would have been too quick for them.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Oskaloosa, Kas., has a town ordi-
nance prohibiting chickens from run
ming at large. II II can stop It's roosters
from growing at unearthly hours in the
morning by passing stringent ordi-
nance It will have solved problem that
has vexed the world for ages.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

A Boston paper says: Slaughtered
cattle are beef, slaughtered sheep are
mutton, slaughtered hogs are pork; but
what are slaughtered horses?" In the
cheap restaurants they are 10 cents a
cut.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

A Washington paper says that Sem
ator Blackburn is extremely popular
in Kentucky because he is a splendid
mixer" We would sooner believe he
was popular there because he didn't
mix at all.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

George Pye, of Chicago, tried twice
in one day to kill himself. If tenacious
resistance to humiliation is significant
he most be a near relative of Restau-
rant Pie.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Special reports to the manufacturers
Record show decided increase in the
southwark trend of population, illus
trated by large purchases of land in
Georgia, Arkansas and other southern
states for western and southwestern
colonists.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Aspiration is nine-tenths inspiration,
for without earnest thought there will
be no inflow of ideas that will leave
their mark on the pages of time or
make us better or nobler beings.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Abraham Rimes, of Fulton County,
Ind, who has been married and di-
vorced ten times and has just married
his eleventh wife, is, il we are not mis-
informed, still in the prime of life and
has a great future, If not a perplexing
hereafter, ahead Of him.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Uncle Sam has just paid an old war
claim, but then it was not quite so
nearly outlawed by the limitation as
the French spoilation claims.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

There is no money available to run
the Nebraska penitentiary, and it may
have to be closed. There may be times
when a criminal can really enjoy pow
erty.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

o. course a mere earthly Jail will not
hold Schweinfurth, but he seems to
have an extraordinary objection to it.
Just the same.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

has sent the price Of oil skyward ito
stimulate the production Of crude oil"
But too much stimulation is always fol-
lowed by katzenjammer.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Now that the cruel war is ended we
suspect that an investigation will prove
that the Chinese have been doing all
their fighting with gunpowder tea.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

If the north pole ever is discovered
by a Chicagoan we will wager that it
will have a trolley wire strung upon
it within a week.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Indianapolis, Ind. May 1s.-Indiana
populists will announce In q few days
a mass convention TO be called for .
conference on the silver question.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Cornelius Vanderbilt will pay $4,000
for the fire place in his new Fifth
avenue palace. Cornelius is the only
one who should get hot about it, though.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

The teacher of cooking class in Chi
cago eats what her pupils cook. There
Is an example of sublime faith and con-
fldence.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24
. A. MENzIEs, Publisher.

In the country the boys will wear the
Trllby bathing suits this summer alto
gether.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

The long-distance telephone between
Paris and London has over 200 calls a
day. At the rate of 81 for each call 1t
pays.
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

Lake Michigan was dashed to fury by
last weeks storm and several sailing
vessels were lost with all on board 1t
is estimated that fifty lives were lost in
addition to the sailors who persisted on
the schooner Kelley. The big steamer
Puritan, which plies between Chicago
The Yale expositor., 1895-05-24

A Boston paper calls Japan the Gre
land Of the orient" Not guilty; there
is nothing green about Japan.
The herald., 1895-03-03
MURDER OF AN AMERICAN
Honduras Must Pay for Killing q United
States Citizen
A Warship Dispatched to the Scene Of the
Trouble ~ Diplomatic Means
PaiIed

Chicago, March 2.-The Tribune has the
following Washington dispatch: The
United States has determined that Hon.
duras must comply with their demands
for the punishment of the murderer of an
American citizen. Diplomatic means hav-
ing failed, the cruiser Montgomery has
left Mobile, Ala, for Trujillo to see if the
presence OF an American man-of-war will
not have a wholesome effect upon the
Honduran authorities.
The instructions to the commander OF
the ship are that he shall thoroughly in
vestigate the matter and shall assist the
American Minister to the republic, Pierce
M. B. Young, in obtaining the prosecu-
tion Of the offenders. The story of the
murder of an American in Honduras, as
told by the diplomatic correspondence on
the subject, is unusually interesting.
Some years ago Charles w. Renton, an
American, purchased an estate near Brew
er's Lagoon, Honduras, and short dis.
tance from Trujillo, and lived there until
March, 1894, when Mr.. Renton was set
upon by a number of negroes and killed.
Mrs. Renton informed the Honduran au-
thorities of the facts in the case and wait
ed for them to arrest and punish the Of
Tenders. Patience finally ceased to be a
virtue. She thereupon wrote to Secretary
Gresham, and substantiated her state
ments by affidavits of number of near
by residents and witnesses of the murder.
Through Minister Young Secretary
Gresham made representations to the
Honduran government that the murderer
of Mr.. Renton should be punished. Hon
duras has automatically evaded the de-
mands of the United States, and the con-
clusion that it is about time for the
United States to look into the matter.
1t is expected that the presence of the
Montgomery will have a salutary effect
upon the Honduran authorities and bring
them to their senses. In any event it is
the intention of the authorities to secure
the punishment of the murderer unless
he shall have escaped from Honduras
jurisdiction. An indemnity for the MUIR
der of the American has already been de-
manded, and Minister Young will press
this claim when the Montgomery reaches
Truiillo
The herald., 1895-03-03
SHOT BY THE GUARDS .
Desperate Attempt Of convicts to EscaI
From Folsom

Desperate Attempt Of convicts to Escape
From Folsom
Folsom, Cal.. March "A desperate at
tempt to escape was made by band of
penitentiary convicts today. As result
Athree convicts are in the prison hospital
B thuffering from gunshot wounds. One is
u Aortally wounded another will probably
din and third is painfully injured.
1Ihis afternoon Captain Ellis and Horse
gu9rd Dickson, took the fourteen prison.
ers out across the American River with
them to set them to work on a bluff
across the river from the prison. Ascer-
tanning that they had more men than
they needed, Dickson started back to the
prison with two Of them. When he had
gone three of the twelve men remaining
made break for liberty, scrambling up
the rocky cliff. Ellis opened fire on
them. He soon brought two of them to
the ground and the third, when wounded,
threw up his hands and surrendered
Only five shots were fired. Other guards
ran to Ellis assistance, and all the pris-
oners were quickly returned to prison.
The injured convicts are Turner, negro
from San Francisco, serving eight years,
shot in the breast, and mortally wounded ;
Garcia, a Spaniard from San Benito,
serving eight years, right arm broken and
hip shattered, may die; Anderson a
negro from San Francisco, serving ten
years, shot in the leg.
The herald., 1895-03-03
HAYWARD FLARES UP AGAIN
Alleged Slayer of Miss Cling Calls a
Witness a Liar
He Threatens to Send His Brother Adry to
the Penltentiary and Wants
Warrant Issued

Minneapolis, Mimi, March 2.-George
W. jerks, broker, testified today in the
Ging murder trial that he took car for
the city at the junction on Lowery Hill
shortly after 7:10 o'clock on the night of
the murder. AS the car reached the
Loring Park Block east of Kenwood
boulevard, he saw man come running
out into the avenue. The conductor
stopped the car, whereupon the man, who
was running stopped, and it became evil
dent he was not after the car.
"Are you able to identify that man?'
asked Hail.
"I believe am,' was the reply.
who was he?''
"Harry Hayward"
You're liar," exclaimed Harry, as
the blood mounted to his temples. He
was quick to see tremendous Importance
to him of this evidence, which fitted in
exactly with the evidence of Liveryman
Wilson, that he had seen Harry Hayward
driving out kenwood boulevard with
Miss Cling that night.
After an adjournment until Monday
night had been ordered, Harry swore at
Adry, saying, II may hang, but I'll send
you to Saltwater. | know enough about
you to give you twenty-four years t. ere,
and III do 1T before quit. I'm on
earth yet.'' Here he added, turning to
Erwin, II want to swear out a warrant
for this man, Adry."
'No you don't" said Erwin, striving
to quiet his client.
~ don't wish you any harm," said
Adry, ''I'd rather see you go out of this
court room a free man."
Harry then. declared to the reporters
he knew numerous fires Adry had set,
and thereby secured insurance. There is
a possibility that the closing arguments
will have to be postponed owing to the
condition of Samuel H. Dyer, an aged
juror who is very seriously ILL.,
The herald., 1895-03-03
BUT ONE CEREMONY
How Anna Gould and the French Count VIII
Be Wed

How Anna Gould and the French Count Will
Be Wed
New York, March 2.--There will be but
one marriage ceremony at the wedding OF
Miss Anna Gould to Count Boniface de
Castellane. That ceremony will be per-
formed by Archbishop Corrigan. Mrs.
George J. Gould authorized this announce
ment last night, after some of the misin-
formation circulated had been brought to
her attention. The reason why there will
be no civil ceremony is that no civil cere-
mony is necessary. The French law, con-
trary to the general impression, recog-
nizes as valid marriage contracted in a
foreign country in conformity with the
law of the country.
Mr.. Frederick r. Coudert said last
night: I'm France the law is very strict,
and civil ceremony is absolutely neces-
sary. The law does not recognize a re-
ligious ceremony at all. If the Archbishop
of Paris himself should perform mar
riage it must be followed by civil cere-
mony to be recognized. But strict as the
law is in regard to marriages on French
soil, it is liberal in dealing. with mar
riages elsewhere. 1t very plainly provides
that such marriages shall be valid in
France, no matter by whom performed,
so long. as they are valid where per-
formed"