davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
No. 81

Dissolve the copper sdlphate in the
water, when it is ready for use. This
should never be applied to foliage, but
must be used before the buds break.
For peaches and nectarines use 25 gal
Ions OF water for fungous diseases,
Paris Green.-Paris green, one
pound; water, $50 gallons. II this
mixture is to be used upon peach trees,
one pound quicklime should be added.
repeated applications will injure most
Iohage unless lime is added Paris
green and Bordeaux IAN be applied to-
getner with perfect safety. The action
OF neither is weakened, and the Paris,
green loses all caustic properties. For
insects which chew.
London Purple.-This il used in the
same proportion as Paris green, but as
it is more caustic it should be applied
with the lime or with the Bordeaux
mixture. Do not use it on peach or
plum trees. For insects which chew.
Hellebore.-Fresh white hellebore,
one ounce; water, three gallons Apply
when thoroughly mixed. For insects
which chew
Kerosene Emulsion. SOAP. one,
half pound; boiling water, one gallon;
kerosene, two gallons. Dissolve the
soap in the water, add the kerosene,
and churn with pump for five or 10
minutes. Dilute 10 or Is times before
applying. For insects which suck,
cabbage worms, and all insects which
have soft bodies.
Bordeaux Mixture Copper sulphatp,
six pounds; quicklime, four pounds;
water, forty gallons Dissolve the cop
per sulphate by putting it in bag of
coarse cloth and hanging tn 8 IN a YES
sci holding at least four gallons, go that
it is just covered by water. Use an
earthen or wooden vessel Slack the
lime in an equal amount of water.
Then mix the two and add enough
water to make 40 gallons. 1t is then
ready for immediate use. For rots,
moulds, mildews and all fuDgous s,
eases
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10

the winter, and it's greatest value is in
its ability to store up plant food, and at
the same time send down deep feeding
roots in the subsoil and bring to the
surface elements of fertility that would
be otherwise lost. Crimson clover is
an annual, and must be sown in it.
proper season; this extends from the
first of August until the last of October; !;
8 to 10 quarts of seed are required to
SOW an acre. If any of the readers of
THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER would like
to test a sample of crimson clover seed,
1 will send a package by mail for a
couple of ttamps for postage.
L. STAPLES.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
A WORD ABOUT ONION SETS

The seed is sown early in the sum
mer, either broadcast or in rows, and.
so thick that the onions have no room
to grow large. Gather the little bulbs
in the fall, leaving the outer husk un
disturbed, and k6ep in dry place. A
woman who was particularly success
full in raising onion sets for market
always kept them where they froze in
the winter, but under no consideration
would she allow them to be disturbed
until thawed out lest it should set them
to rotting, I dare say freezing was no
advantage, but state this to show that
under the restrictions indicated it was
seemingly not a disadvantage. When
the weather became warm s.e rubbed
off the loose, dry outer covering, and
her onion sess were bright and ready
for market.
Taere are two other ways Of growing
onions save direct from seed. The .po-
tato onion grows in clusters under
ground. These little bulbs are planted in
spring toproduce large onJo2 8 ;theIarge
onions are planted the next spring ana
forro the clusters. The top onion,
Fovntfan or peniaI tree onion, produces,
inotaad of ordinary seed, clusters o.
I;+tIo onions on top of the stem: These
-oav be planted In spring IKE OhIOn
e9 may The old root is a perennial, end
5oaidee SET increasing by top onions, also
ee,9ds Deot ont new bulblets at the root. A
S9I 5aJ IF this species once established viii
remein Fem year after year, furnishing
onions for the table earlier than any
Other kind.-Bessie L. Putnam, in
Epitomist'
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10

c,rolins Reform Press Association.
esrs-J. L. Ramsey, President )
N Butler, Vice President; ". 3.
Is, Secretary,
PKRS-
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
CRIMSON CLOVER.
Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer.
GRAND RAPIDS. Mich.

Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer.
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich.
Crimson clover was introduced in
this country several years ago by the
late DIR. Hardin. Being a great lover
OF flowers, be was attracted to this
plant by It's great beauty, which is
hardly excelled by the finest f)wer
that adorns yard or garden. The beau
tiful deep green, which may be seen all
winter, grows deeper and brighter ag
spring advances until May, when the
flowers appear, making a sight to be
hold. and remember. At first it's value
as a forage plant was not understood,
and ae a Ill rest0rer was unknown,
and the progress Of the plant at first
was rather slow. Every one admired
it's great beauty, and numerous plats
were grown for ornamental purposes,
but years elapsed before farmers awoke
to it's value as a regular rotation crop
1t has now passed the experimental
point and large fields Of crimson clover
are grown it all parts of the land. 1t
is good for hay, which it yields to 3
tons per acre of the finest quality; is
valuable, for seed, which it produces
In large quantity; is good for fall and
early spring pasture, and the only
clover that remains green all through
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
THE ENSILAGE CROP.
How to Handle the Crop---Dist1ibuting
Device-The Best Covering.

How to Handle the Crop---Distributing
Device-The Best Covering.
For success it is necessary to have
quite a good crop, preferably corn cut
at the right time, and a tight silo.
When practicable have the eneiage
grown as near the silo as pCsible, so as
to reduce the hauling to minimum.
We will suppose that the crop isgrown
on iaut. within so rods Of tbs tbs sil0, and
that the corn has reached the stage
when the husks begin to turn yellow
and the grain is dented, while most OF
the leaves are yet green and juicy.
When this stage is reached, the crop
should be cut The cutting may be
done by hand, but it is slow, laboriou3
and costly. There are multitude of
corn cutters on the market, all of
which are more or less serviceable. OF
q number that have been tried at the
Kansas station nothing better has been
found than a sled cutter with two
knives hinged, one to each side of the
sled, so as to cut two rows at time.
This machine is pulled by one horse.
Two stout boys or young men stand
upon the s'ed, each facing a row of
corn, which as the horse moves for
ward, is cut { IF and gathered into the
arms of the operators, who drop it in
punches behind them The reins can
hang within easy reach upon an up
right forked stick in front of the sled,
but the horse will soon learn to start
and stop without guidance from the
reins. In a fair crop two har dis on this
cutter can easily keep ahead of three
wagons hauling il to the silo and help
load at intervals.
The next step is the loading. For
this purpose the wagons should be pro-
vided with low, broad racks, on which
the corn is piled crossways. Two men
can hand the punches left by the cutter
up to the driver on the rack about as
fast as he can pile them. The number
of teams engaged in hauling should be
adjusted to the distance and the
capacity of the ens s.lage cutter. F0r
the distance named and with small
machine it takes two teams and three
wagons to keep things running smooth
". One wagon is left at the cutter to
be unloaded, the team being at once
hi,cned to the wagon just emptied and
goes afi I'D again, while the third wagon
will have finished loading by the time
the team returns to the field.
At the cutter it takes one man to I'm
load and one man to feed. The man
who unloads drops it handy for the
feeder upon the table set against the
cutter. Reference is here made to a
small machine such as average farmers
require. Such cutter, with average
steady running, can cut about two tons
of green corn an hour. 1t is provided
with an elevator attachment, which
lifts the cut material over the sllo walls.
1t may be run by steam, electricity or
horsepower. The whole force neces
sary then, is two men to cut, two to
load, two to drive, one to unload and
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
INSECT TRAPS.
eases.

Having found out an easy method
in which to trap insects, / wish to teach
others. It is easily done by suspending
in the garden wide-moutbed bottles or
jars, half filled with thin moles sses or
very sweet water, i have tested the
efficacy OF the insect trap, and have
found it all that can be desired for
trapping the butterflies, moths, millers
and beetles of every species of insects
that infect fruit trees and VINES, vege
tables and flowers. The worms on.
grape vines, worms on tobacco, on to-
matoes and Irish potatoes. can readily
be trapped in this way. Every fruit
tree, every evergreen and deciduous
tree, every berry bush and fruit bear
ing vine, and every vegetable cultivate d
in the garden is attacked by a species
of noxious insect which flourish only
where their appropriate species of
trees Or fruit is cultivated and strange
to say, every one of these foes spring
from parent insects in the form OF but,
terfies, moth, nillers, beetles or bugs,
every species of which will hazard life
for the sake of getting taste Of the
contents OF the bottle. You will readily
find that in this way the ir g ct rRvag-
ers can be most successfully fought
E J. RAyburn, CCffeeville, Miss.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
HORTICULTURE
INSECTICIDES.

If the reader would cut out these re-
cipes for the preparation of insecticides
he would find them Of great utility:
Ammoniacal Copper Carb 2nate.-
Copper carbonate, one ounce; am
monia, enough to dissolve the copper; ;
water, six gallons. The copper car
Donate is best dissolved in large bot
tles:~ where it will keep indefinitely,
and it should be diluted with water as
REQUIRED. For same purpose as Bor-
deauX.
Cooper Sui phate Solution.-CopPer
suIphate, one pound water, Is gallons.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
WEEKLY WEATHER CROP Bull
LETIN
For the Week Ending Monday, Aug 81,
1895.

1895.
CENTRAL OFFICE, Raleigh, N. G.
The reports of correspondents of the
Weekly Weather Crop Bulletin, issued
by the North Carolina State Weather
Service, for the week ending Saturday,
Aug. 81, 1895, indicate another very
favorable week. The temperature was
above normal the entire week, averag-
ing about five degrees above per day
In the Central District the maximum
temperature reached SO degrees, which
is as high as has before occurred in the
lastdecade in August. There was abund-
ant sunshine. The rainfall was below
normal, but showers occurred at vari-
Gus places from the 9th to 31st. Cot
ton has improved, is opening now in
several counties, and picking will begin
the first week of September. Tobacco
cures are bright. Pea vines are max
ing heavy growth. Fodder pulling,
preparation of land for wheat and SOW
ing oats have progressed favorably.
Eastern District Nearly all CORE
spondents from this district report the
weather to have been very favorable
during the week. The temperature
was high; there wa plenty of sunshine
there were good showers nearly every
where on the 9th and 3Oth. Some
light hail occurred, but no damage is
reports Saving fodder was probably
the chief work of the week, and the
weather was as favorable for this as
could have been wished. The week
was a fine one for cotton, and the crop
has steadily improved; cotton is open
ing in some places. Tobacco growers
have been quite successful with their
cures. Peanuts have needed more
rain and have suffered some on ac-
count of the rather dry weather.
Central District "A very warm, gen
orally favorable week, except at very
few scattered localities where it was
either too wet or too dry. In the north
ern portion it has been too dry for
turnips and for second crop of Irish
potatoes and late gardens. In general,
the week was very favorable for saving
fodder, which is nearly over in the
south, and for plowing and seeding
oats. Tobacco maturing on the hills
and curings are bright. Peavines
making large growth of foliage.
Cotton is now opening in several coun-
ties and picking will begin first week
of September.
Western District. week was
warm, with occasional showers. Heavy
rains occurred at a few places. In
Yancey county a severe storm of wind,
rain and hail occurred first of the week,
Frustrating many trees and doing con-
siderable damage. Cotton is reported
to be improving; the weather has been
s9asonable for this crop Peas and
turnips are doing well. Fodder-puiliDg
is going On pretty generally. Land is
being broken aud prepared for wheat,
The early corn crop is now generally
considered safe, except in places liable
to overflow from streams.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10

turned under the weeds on a portion of
field while green. The residue of the
field was not turned until toward fall,
the weeds being ripe and hard like
sticks. About this time one of the
neighbors came along and said to him
you will not make wheat here, you
are too late about turning the weeds"
But Mr.. Person says that he could tell
to the very row where the weeds were
last turned, the wheat being much bet
ter, although the land ficst turned was
richer than the last. So the story Of
his neighbor was not correct, and many
farmers are doubtless to day inj j1rlng,
instead of improving, their land by
following similar erroneous ideas.
Green crops, properly matured and
turned, return to the soil far more than
is taken from it, and it is owing to this
fact that farmers should in the future
rely on turning green crops to Zurich
their lands. AS an illustration, l cite
the following:
Two brothers out West opened up
farms on lands that their first crop of
corn would not average bushels per
acre; next spring they sowed to oats
aud clover, and when the first crop of
clover had about half of it's heads ripe
they plowt under and put the land in
wheat; and ever after they raised
crop on a sod, being the" first crop of
clover turned under, and in twenty
years this land was good for 60 bushels
of corn per acre.
If about 300 pounds each of acid
phosphate and kainit per acre had been
applied to the first crop and turned
under, the land could have been en-
riched much sooner. It has been sev-
eral times set forth, but will bear re-
peating, why it is that turning green
crops increases the fertility so amazing
ly During the period of decompcsiticn n
the oxygen Of the air, or Of rain water,
combines with the carbon in the de-
caying plants and forms carbonic acid
gas, which has great ferGilizjng prop
critics The burrows should be run as
nearly level as the land will admit Of
to prevent the escape of the gas, it be
ing heavier than common air.
BRYAN TYSON
A Louisiana subscriber who has
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
.GRICULTURE.

7ill paw, we think, to keep pota
nd apples for a late market.
d the grain to hogs and cattle.
and beef markets are promising.
ID your grain if you can. When
body is rushing grain into the
ct, it is no time to sell.
man who is out of debt will live
r than the man who is not. II
Die try to outlive the mortgage.
'ange to winter the roots and az
the very best manner. A little
trouble and expense will preserve
dollars worth.
De is worthy the attention Of our
9rs and feeders. When it will
1t is valuable especially for sheep.
e West it would be better to try
small scale at frat 1t Is usually
batween the middle Of June and
llddle Of July
8said that there is a plan in opera
n Minnesota and the Dskotas to
the wheat from market. Any
plan to be effective must contem-
a stric5 system of selling We
mold all the wheat that is grown,
We finally sell in a baphozzard
II Will amount to nothing.
ais whether pork, beef, poultry
4Cton, should not be eaten when
'571' II should be kept several
10 npen, refrigerator being
'S.-Ly To accomplish this in sum
me reason that dres ed beef
: me home artic,e out Of the mar
Cause 1t Is upened ard consa
ny L5t oLlg more tender 5u5 Of
Fd.vrr.
se ls 80. nealIy 50 much grass
~ 0-.f a5 there used % be. One
Is .aaE much CT ebe pasture land
~A'r'-had IN fertility ard it's grasg
-Sl make as rich fed as it uged to
'aF .ers have also discovered
s'-5n ration to stock that has
rS7S.-Fa pays better than it does
'h the grass alone. The fatten-
s4Il2k'T, and a very small grain
with animals on grass makes an
H'al2g difference. 1t is probable
Ipsoportion to it's nutritive value
Is a cheaper feed than grass, and
e'7ss ration is chiefly important
''7 It helps to secure better diges
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
TURNING UNDER GREEN CROPS
Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer.
PROSPERITY, N. @.


Having been requested by Mr.. A NJ
Hunter, of Lexington, N O., to give
my views on the above subj c. through
your columns, r, quest a brief space
for said purpose.
Turning under green crops will be
productive of much benefit or injury
10 the land, owing mainly to the time
and manner in which it is done.
The authorities appear to be united
on the subject that green crop, be it
clover, peas, weeds, or what not, should
be ripe when turned. II turned too
green they sour the land, especially if
the weather be warm, requiring water
Stacked lime at the rate of about 30
bushels per acre to correct it. Hence
it follows that it the lime be not ap-
piled, an injury will be done the land
so treated.
To make the matter palmer, l will
cite few cases: Jerome Person, an
i excellent farmer living near Carthage,
n. G., says that a few years ago he
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
CROP REPORTS.
of the Progressive Farmer.

| WASHINGTON, D @.
In order to make it an object for the
best class of men to engage in making
returns to the government OF the crop
yields of this country, Secretary Nor
ton has re arranged the system of crop
reporting. Formerly there was State
agent for each State whose salary
ranged from $4OO to 1920 per year, and
it is the Secretary's opinion that one
man can gather The s. statistics from
two or three States, arranged and classi-
fed as districts, equally as we'll as he
can from one State, and that by con
deneing the work in this way the de
partment will be able to cff3r better
compensation for the services per-
formed and at the same time reduce
the total expenditure.
The present system Of counting the
reports will also be abolished and one
substituted which provides for CORE
spondent in every township and the
two systems will be combined, or rather
each will act as check on the other
Some OF tie State agents will be re
tained, where the crop yields are sufh
GENTLY large to require the attention
of the agent TO one State alone.
The country will be divided into 81
districts, IA of which will be composed
of groups of States ard seven will com
prise single States. The following is
list of the districts as they have been
arranged, together with the names of
the agents as recently appointed by
Secretary Morton:
New England States s-Pr0f. A. l.
Perry, Massachusetts.
New York ard Pennsy lvania-S. s.
NeeIy, Penrsy Ivania.
New jersey, Delaware and Mary
land-Nathan Pratt, Delaware.
Virginia and West Vlrginia-Prof
L. NJ McByde, Virginia
North Carolina and South Carolina
W. A. Withers, North Carolina,
Georgia and Florida-Ex Gov. W. ].
Northen, Georgia.
Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana
james 81. Lame, Alabama.
Wisconsin and Minnesota-L M.
Fay, Wisconsin.
Tennessee and Kantucky-Cooper D.
Schmidt, Tennessee.
California, Oregon, Washington and
Idaho-Eiwin E Smith, California.
Kansas and Missouri-Harry O Gar
vey, Kansas.
Colorado, U5th, Wyoming, Arjz ona,
Nevada and New Mexico-Frank E
Cars5arphen Colorado.
Michigan-M. E. Marsh.
Ohio-L P. Stephens
Washington O. Duncan.
IllinOis-Frank V. DHatush.
IowR.-S. r Davis.
Texas Allen Biacker.
Nebraska. a.-EX-GJv r Dot. Furnas.
The Secretary has not yet selected
the agent for two districts, one COM
prising North and South Dakota and
Montana, and the other comprising
Arkansas, Oklahoma and the Indian
Territory. These will be announced
later.
As can be seen, the new plan makes
this office of district agent, average
salary Of 81, coo per year, and it is be-
lieved this will insure better reports,
and will, at the same time be saving
to the government, III the aggregate,
of about $40. 900 annually.
There were formerly As agents, and
while the reduction to 81 displaces 90
men, still it increases the salary of
these now employed, condenses the
work, and lessons the expense to the
government, and in the long run will
no doubt prove a great improvement
over the old system of State agents.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
,,rr0NAL FARMERS ALI
'H 1cz ANDINDUSTRIAL
UNION.

.,.nt-J. F. Willetts, Topeka,
p.aaident-H G. Snavely, Leb
itarv- 70. -Troasurer-Col. D. P. Dun
ooiumbia, 8. Q.
EXECUTIVE BOARD.
1oucks, Huron, s. D.; Mann
brandon, Virginia; I. E: Dean,
- =. Falls. New York; 81. Q. Dem
Secretary. Harrisburg, Pennsyl-
Marion Butler, Raleigh, n. Z.
JUDICIARY.
southworth, Denver, Colo.
: Beck, Alabama.
Davie, Kentucky.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
.,,or1yA FARMERS STATE ALI
ANCE.

AECE.
5dan+-Dc. Cyrus Thompson
mas, ,9lPGrSe,sident-Jno. Graham, Ridge
n ~ y, -Treagurer-w. g. Barnes,
5h,;r5rIJ. b; n: ]. T.B. Hoover, Elm City,
-or5-Dt. V. N. Seawe,l, Villa
N SHiisGin-Rov. i; P. H. Massey, Dur
rH,k;e9per-GoO. \; 8i T. Lane, Green's
ista6t 4; n: Door-keeper-Jas. E Lyon
I1anf.at IN, ~ T.. o-Arms-A D. K, Wallace,
Nor iton, N. G.
. . r business Agent-T. IVey' Fai-
\, NJ u oR,,siness Agency Fund-W.
sios lam, n Machpelah, n. @.
--rv COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH
HrrI ,I1rL FARMERS STATE ALLIANCE.
. HiIaman, oncord. N. c.; n.
e. oIisb, Trinity, N. c.; James M,
,orne Ktns on, n. Z.
tITIANCE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE.
~ 2raham. Gatesville, N. c.; ; DIR.
HarreI, Whiteville, n. c.; I. j..
Ie Acton, n. Q.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10
BRYAN TYSON

A louisiana subscriber who has
lived South two or three years, writes
that he is getting rich feeding hogs.
There is plenty of room for pork pro-
duction in the S S1uth
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-09-10

{ ,h Of the GbOUe-rGnsed papers are
sted to keep the ltst standing on
-vt page and add others, prOUtded
re d1ttu elected. Apy paper fdtL-
1rdy0cGte the OcdLG platform 1C1H
uped from the List promptly. Oar
q Gun 4l0tU see tUbat papers are
: sEed in their interest.
The Canton times., 1895-09-13

the present republican Congress
from Pennsylvania shall be renomi
ed, il he can prevent it. Unless il
being lied about by his friends II
OVERRIDING the boss business 10 an|
tent that indicates softeniDg Of
brain.
1t seems hard to realize the ID
bility OF Texas voting anv other
than democratic, but Texans
come to Washington say the \
may be lost next year, if great cad
not exercised by the democratic
ayers 10 dealing with the silver II
tion. Junge Potter, of Gainess|
now Ia Washington. says on the
ject: "We have made the finest I
on record, and are on the eve ii a
prosperity. ii we do not, by pursul
radical and foolish course. turn
state over to the populists
vicious results would follow popu
regime la Texas, let the experience
Kansas and Colorado tell. That
is danger of populist slccess =
in the vastly diminished e
cratic majori ty at last year S elect'o