davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1895-12-21

Hicks-Sngleton has been Tilted by
that Freeman girl, but he doesn't ap-
pear to be very much cut UP about it.
Wicks-Not at all; fact is, Singleton is
decidedly pulled up because so many
women have refused him. He thinks he
must be the best man in the world.
whom all the girls declare they would
not marry.-Boston Transcript.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1895-12-21

oh. "busy bee" exalted so,
We'd work like you, we VOW,
If we could loaf six months or so
AS you are loafing now.
washington Post.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

cellent work that the firemen utterly
refused to allow it to be used thereaf-
ter, and II was stored away and New
York's fire protection WAS again limited
to the old hand tubs.
Fret Paid Fire Company.
In 1852 Cincinnati company placed
a steam boiler and cylinder in connec-
ton with the pumps of hand engine
belonging to the Cincinnati department
and mounted the whole contrivance on
wheels and frame. A public trial was
made of this crude affair. and it worked
very successfully. In the short time Of
four minutes and ten seconds steam
was raised from cold water, the engine
started and water discharged through
$50 feet of hose to a distance of 100
feet from the nozzle. Although this ex-
hibitlon was naturally looked upon
with dislike by the volunteer tiremen,
the city government was greatly
pleased and Immediately contracted
with the makers for a complete steam
fire engine. This was built and put in
service with company organized and
supported by the city. Thus the first
paid fire company in the world to oper-
ate by steam power was brought into
existence.
The fame OF the Cincinnati engines
spread and other cities endeavored to
introduce the system, always meeting
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

at the engine house is now generally
connected with the boiler of the engine,
and keeps the water in this hot, so that
steam sufficient for pumping can be
raised in from three to ten minutes af-
ter the fires are lighted and while the
engine Is running to the fire. All the
engines are supplied with the necessary
flexible suction pipe to connect the
pumps to the water plugs. but the dis
charge hose Is, in most cases, carried
by a separate tender or hose carriage
The larger engines have capacity of
from 800 to 1000 gallons of water per
minute. discharging through from two
to four outlets. the discharge hose be-
ing generally fitted with ~ to 1% inch
nozzles. Some extra large engines have
capacity even beyond this The
weight of these engines varies from
Goo to 1900 pounds, and they are gen.
orally from 22to % feet long, from to
91a feet high, and about g feet wide.
The piston speed varies from 200 feet
to 300 feet per minute. The boilers
have large heating surface, and gen.
orally from % to % feet long, from to
In the modern steam fire engine it is
safe to say that from three to four
times as much coal Is burned under the
boiler per indicated horse power as
would be consumed by good, every
day stationary steam plant of similar
capacity, say from 80 to 100 horse pow
err. However. the steam fire engine Is
built for speed and rapid duty, and not
for economy.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
Naming COIOrs.

Mr. Herbert Spencer has lately pub
lished an extract from his autobiog-
raphy-a work which, he says, is al
ready in print, but is not to be pub
lished until after his death. The DIFF
ficulty and confusion i'm naming tints
and shades led him to write a sugges-
ton which newspaper correspon-
dence on the subject now induces him
to take from that autobiography. He
proposes that the tints shall be named
on the principle Of boxing the COM
pass" and to illustrate it he gives a
partial list Of shades, thus: RED, red
by blue, red red blue. red blue by red,
red blue, red blue by blue" and so
forth. The same system is suggested
for the shades from blue to yellow, and
from yellow TO red. 1t sounds little
fanciful. but Herbert Spencer's ideas
are not to be rejected simply because
they are novel and strike one at first
as grotesque.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
How Long Can Seeds Live 2

An Italian Signor Italo Giglioli, has
Just published the results Of expert
ments to determine how long the vital
principle can exist in seeds. These ex-
periments were begun in 1877 and 1878,
when the seeds were deposited in vari-
Gus gases and solutions. In 1894 the
seeds were taken out and planted. On
the whole, n small proportion Of the
seeds germinated; of those preserved
in hydrogen, carbonic acid and sui
phuretted hydrogen, none: but OF those
kept i'm nitrogen more than half sur
vived. Almost all those preserved In
liquids died. but two-thirds of those
kept in alcohol lived. Signor Giglioli
believes that if he had known at the
beginning how deadly moisture Is to
seeds kept i'm gas he could have saved
a larger proportion Indeed, he says
that he suspects that latent vitality
may exist for an indefinite period when
sufficient care Is taken to prevent all
interchange with the surrounding me.
diTm ~
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

enemy reached Hermann the cannon
was soon got in readiness to do its best,
and was kept booming frequently
enough to at least retard the progress
of the boys in gray. 1t is little Won
der that the citizens hold this old
piece of iron as something to be priced,
for human life and safety are not
things SO lightly regarded that one can
look upon their old-time preserver with
feeling Of nothing but indifference,
and, although the old cannon has been
q long time silent, the days when 1t took
an active part in Hermann's affairs are
still remembered. And, although 1t Is
now a useless bit of property, still 1t
marks an event, and Is accordingly
priced.
The old printing-house, too, saw its
share Of struggles at the same time the
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

equipped with steam engines. The
more intelligent volunteers In the East
began to see the, error of their ways,
and replaced their hand engines with
the more modern apparatus. Boston
was the first of the Eastern cities to or
gahize a paid department, which she
did in 1860. New York did the same in
1865, and Philadelphia in 1871. Other
Eastern cities rapidly fell into line, but
some of the Southern cities, though
equipped with the most modern ap-
paratus, continue to the present day
with volunteer firemen, New Orleans
having only recently adopted paid
force. luf tt -
When the steam fire engine was intro
duced forced draft was used to expe.
dite raising steam while the engine was
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

cistern or tank, from which water was
drawn, was introduced in England
by Newsham. This engine was, in
many respects, similar to the modern
hand fire engine, and continued in use
in England up to 1882. The improved
Newsham engine was operated by side
rods, and for the portable cistern a
suction pipe was eventually substitute
ed. Single cylinder portable fire pumps
were also used in France and Germany
about this time.
The Newsham engine was, perhaps.
the first successful fire engine, and
really was the pioneer Of the modern,
manually operated engine. The pumps
were of various sizes and designs, and
were. in most cases, operated by levers.
Various forms of engines, similar to
the Newsham engine. continued in use
as late as 1850. Even to-day hand en-
gines are employed to quite some ex-
tent In the smaller towns and villages.
Stationary steam fire pumps were in
use long before the portable steam fire
engine made its appearance. About
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
FOR FIGHTING FIRES.
EVOLUTION or THE MODERN
STEAM ENGINE.
A Quaint English Concern, and an
Antique German Contrivance that
Worked on Rockers Like Cradle
screwing Water Through q Squirt.


Probably no other natural force or
element has caused more destruction
than fire. Although various extin-
gushing agents are, and have been,
used. water has always been and will
continue for some time 10 be the prin-
cipal. simplest and most easily applica-
BILE cure for conhagration Of any
magnitude.
Among the earliest apparatus for APP
plying water to fires was u large squirt,
or syringe. consisting of tube, filed
with water from a tub, which was
rapidly elected by means OF a
plunger operated by hand. This. in
various forms, continued In use r a
long time. What is, perhaps, the old
est known fire engine for pumping wat
err is mentioned in the Spiritualia or
Hero, about 80 Il. c. From the de-
scription there given this engine had
two single-acting pumps, the plungers
of which were worked by single beam,
pivoted between the two. The streams
united in single discharge pipe, pass
ing up a trunk In which was an air
tudmDcT, anu ouJ At noDIiC WhiSh
could be turned in any direction. This
description might stand for a great
many forms OF hand fire engines used
even to the present day.
Something like the more modern fire
engine appears to have been brought
out In the sixteenth century, and is
described as a water syringe" This
was mounted on wheels and was work
ed by levers. Fire engines Of this kind
were apparently much used in Ger
many. In England. during the latter
part of the sixteenth century, large
brass syringes were employed, holding
several quarts Of water, and operated
by three men. two holding the syringe
at each side with one hand and direct
ing the nozzle with the other and the
third operating the plunger. After
having discharged the water, the syr-
inge was refilled from a cistern or
well near the fire, or from buckets
Later these water squirts were fitted
to porta BILE cisterns or tanks.
The First Engine.
In the latter part of the seventeenth
century a portable fire engine, with a
double cylinder pump, mounted on
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
Powers Are Well Balanced.

A late estimate gives Russia peace
effective of S5S,OOO men and France
one Of 512, 900, making an aggregate for
what is sometimes called the dual al
lance Of 1,370,OO0. On the other hand,
Germany is credited with $4,000 men
on peace footing, Austria with $780,
boo, and Italy with 100000, making an
aggregate Of 100000. Thus the OPP
posing forces are pretty nearly equal,
with the advantage of position and
facility of concentration in favor Of the
triple alliance, as they are in perfect
communication, while France and Rus
STA are separated. The war footings
also show some preponderance for the
dual over the triple alliance, but there,
too, the elements of junction and sep
aration are to be kept in mind.--New
York Sun.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
1880 the firm Of Braithwaite & Erics-
son, Of London, brought out steam
fire engine Of about six horse power,

capable Of throwing $50 gallons of
water per minute distance Of so or 90
feet 1t was drawn by horses. A
similar engine Of larger capacity was
built in New. yssk by Captain Ericsson
in 1s43 TteEfIrst steam fire engine
operated in fherUnited States, however.
was built by p. II. Hodge, at New
York. This engine was self-propelling.
and the boiler, engine and pumps We're
placed horizontally. When II was nee
essary to operate the pumps, abe driv-
ing wheels were raised clear Of the
ground, as the same engine was used
for driving and pumping. This engine
was operated at the expense of the in
surance company, but continually met
win 9ntofdtion from the volunteer fire
men.f Finally, when playtng-at a IRE in
Dover street. the machine did such ex-
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
GRAY WITH TIME.
An Ancient ObeIisk that Stands on tn,
Banks of the Nile.

An Ancient ObeIisk that Stands on the
Banks of the Nile.
The oldest Of all the obehsks is the
stands alone among the green fields on
the banks Of the Nile not far from Cairo.
1t is the gravestone Of a great city
which has vanished and left only this
relic behind. That city was the Beth
shemesh Of scripture, the famous On,
which, Is memorable to all Bible readers
as the residence Of the priest of On,
Poti-pherah, whose daughter Asenath
Joseph married. The Greeks called ii
Heliopolis, the city Of the sun, because
there the worship Of the sun had its
chief center and its most sacred shrine.
1t was the seat of the most ancient uni
versity in the world, to when youthful
students came from all parts OF the
world to learn the occult wisdom which
the priests of On alone could teach.
Thales, Scion, Eudoxus, Pythagoras
and Plato all studied there; perhaps
Moses, too. 1t was also the birthplace
of the sacred literature OF Egypt, where
were written on papyrus leaves the
original chapters of the Oldest bool,
in the world, generally known as 1.-The
Book of the Dead" giving most strik-
Ing account of the conflicts and tri-
umphs of the'life after death, whole
copy of fragments of which every
Egyptian, rich or poor, wished to have
buried with him In his coffin, and por.
tions Of which are found inscribed on
every mummy case and on the walls
OF every tomb. In front Of one of the
principal temples of the sun in this
magnificent city stood, along with q
companion, long since destroyed, the
solitary obelisk which we now behold
on the spot. 1t alone has survived
the wreck of all the glory of the place
1t was constructed by Usertesen l., who
Is supposed to have reigned $500 years
b. c., and has outlived all the dynastit
changes Of the land, and still stands
where It originally stood nearly forty
seven centuries ago. What appears
of It's shaft above ground is 6S feet IN
height but its base Is buried in the
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
GUN WITH A HISTORY.
Old Cannon that Protected Missouri
Town from Invasion.

Old Cannon that Protected a Missouri
Town from Invasion.
The accompanying cuts display two
objects that are particularly priced by
the residents of Hermann, Mo. The old
cannon is the one used during the civil
war to protect the town from invasion,
and the building is that of the Volks.
blatt, one Of the oldest German papers
in the State.
By an act of Legislature in 1866 the
cannon was presented to the town Of
Hermann to commemorate the occa-
sion, when fourteen enthusiastic and
patriotic citizens held Marmaduke and
his entire company at bay for several
hours, impeded his progress to JEFF
ferson City, and virtually frustrated
the attempt of the Confederates to
capture the capital.
When the story Of the approaching
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

lower part A of the shirt button was
fastened between the screws tcom-
pare figure y.
In figure the pan is shown in cross
section. to show how ii is to be used
in case a ring with jewel is to be SOL
dered This is to be fastened rs deeply
as possible between the screws and
the pan is then filed to n proper height
with sand. Above is placed layer
O-of small pieces of Goals or asbestos
and soldering may then be commenced
without danger to the jewell
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
The Sense OF Direction.

If there be, as some suppose, a sixth
sense, by which animals, birds and In
sects know in which direction to move
toward n given spot, how many strange
things 1t explains! The late Profess
sor Riley once Matched some Japanese
ailanthus silkworms in Chicago. He
confined female moth in small cage:
he carried a male of the family by
night to another part Of the city, mile
and half away, and liberated it. hay.
Ing first attached silk thread to its
abdomen. In the morning the male
moth was lowering around the caps
Of his imprisoned sister.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

ter which the job of soldering may be
undertaken. without even sOiling ones
finger with the coal.
For other purposes the two clamps
Il Ii, figure ., are used, beside the
screws i and M-for instance; when
the upper plate b is to be soldered upon
a shirt button. or the two clamps,
one moves in the handle Of the pan;
the other in an opposite lying shoulder
b. figure 1, moving with tight friction,
so that they will keep steady the part
lB to be soldered, if previously the
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
A Novel Raft.

In the valley Of Bengal curious
means Of travel is resorted to during the
periodical rains. This is a raft con-
structed by tying together bamboo
poles and supporting them on four OF
more pitchers, which are kept In place
by cords. These pitchers are Of earth
enware or copper, spherical in form,
with short necks and funnel tops, and
are In general use for drawing water
from the rivers and ponds.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
DAMAGE Caused by Cannons.

Krupp guns are certainly not desira-
BILE neighbours, even In time Of peace.
The inhabitants of Essen suffer much
in nerves and house property from the
trials of the heavy guns close by. Many
houses and walls show large assures
from the shocks, and many are actually
unsafe. At the latest experiments all
the doors and windows Of Essen flew
open at every discharge.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

A Peculiar AfSiictiOu.

OF the 1000 soldiers lying in the hos
pitfalls at Madagascar a great many
suffer from assesses on the legs,
caused by grass seeds having sharp
barbs which enter the flesh. This Is
news, though it is not new. Before
the war many creoles, working in the
gold mines there, lost some Of their
toes, and sometimes half the foot, In
consequence of wounds inflicted by the
tiny points Of such poisonous grass
seeds.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

house, thus keeping the water in the
boiler at fair heat so that steam
could be quickly raised after the fire
had been stared and while the engine
was on its way to the scene of action.
Both of these plans have been done
away with in most well regulated fire
departments. A stationary steam boiler
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
Solomon was n Tax Eater.

During the reign of Solomon the tax
alton of the Hebrews became so heavy
that imediately on the accession Of his
son a demand for reduction was
made, and upon its refusal the chief
tax collector, Adoram, was stoned to
death, and a secession Of the ten tribes
at once followed.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

historical cannon was sending forth its
deadly missiles. When Generals Price
and Marmaduke invaded Hermann and
its surrounding territory all the types
and the old Washington HAND, press,
then In possession Of the volksblatt,
were buried and resurrected as soon as
the enemy decamped, and publication
of the paper was promptly resumed.
The volksblatt was founded by Muehl
and Strehly in 1S47, making it now
close on to half century old.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

A fisherman in Elliott bay, near Sc
attic, recently took over nineteen hum
dred salmon in one haul Of the seine.
This Is the largest haul ever made In
that section. Even the rivers and bays
are doing their best to help along the
era of good times. .
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

~ see." said Woody. Whites patient
wife, "that the Cuban insurgents have
decided to take another tack" "Have
they?" was the response, withja self
satisfied litter. '.That'll make 1t hard
er than ever for Spain to sit down on
them, won't it?'-Washington Star.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

watchmakers In the country who are
often called OH to repair jewelry can
doubtless use the soldering-pan de-
scribed and illustrated In the Swiss
Uhrmacher Zeitung. As IL known, the
broken parts--for instance. the solder
cd joint OF finger ring must be care
fully united with binding wire, before
the actual job of soldering Is commenc-
ed. This part of the process requires
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

"Why do they keep on saying that
The villain still pursued herr "You
see, he was a Philadelphia villain and
has never caught up."-Truth.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12
A National scandal.

There have been 257 murders CON-
mitted In the Indian Territory since the
adjournment of Congress. It's govern
ment has become n national scandal
Springfield Republican.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

mud Of the Nile, and year after year
the inundation Of the river deposits Its
film OF soil around its foot and buries
it still deeper in its sacred grave
Pail Mall Gazette. be~e
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

certain practice, IL the repairer does
not desire to spend too much time on
the job. Next there are various diff
culties I'm h;ird-soldering jewelry with
pearls or Jewels. because these cannot
withstand the heat. These two diff
culties are fairly well remedied by
the pan shown In the accompanying
illustration.
1t consists of suitable deep copper
pan-A, figure furnished with han
die. The pan has two lateral projec-
tions-a and Elm which move two
milled screws-K and NJ. These may
be used to good effect, If n burst ring
is to be soldered, as it is only neces-
sary to fasten 1t between the screws
X and NJ rs shown in figure /, with
the joint to be soldered turned up, az
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

Dancing mAy improve your carriage
somewhat but 1t Is no valuable accom-.
plishment for s.se horse.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

with the most violent opposition from
the volunteers. But the steam fire en-
CINE was bound to come and was ad-
vocated by the press. Chicago and 9th
err Western cities closely followed Gin
cinnati by organizing paid departments
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

A Pittsburg girl whose lover is q
whitewasher named Kelsey, always
calls him Kelsey mine"
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-12-12

The man who registers at the hotel
at night can be said to be on the ire
tired list"
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1895-02-02
The "SVandering Stones"

Near the little village of San Jose,
Peru, on the shores of tho great lake Of
Titicaca, the most lofty lake in the
whole known world, are three pillars Of
stone of unequal height. On one of these
huge blocks the rude features of hu-
man being have been cut, and the other
two are covered with designs of various
kinds, all believed to have some mys-
terious reference to sun worship Who
the engraver of these monoliths was or
at what age of the world the engraving
was done is not known, but it is highly
probable that it was done long before
the Americas had ever been seen by
any white men. The stones are so large
as to preclude the idea of their having
been erected by human beings, the best
explanation bein: that they were depos-
tied by glaciers where they stand. That
the natives have some legend to this ef-
feet is proved by the fact that they call
them wandering stones. st. Louis
Republic.
Frostburg mining journal. [volume] (Frostburg, Md.) 1871-1913, 1895-02-02
Eye Treatment of Epilepsy.

Scarcely any discovery of modern
medical science is more valuable than
that treatment of the eye may lead to
the cure of epilepsy. In the New York
Medical Journal DR.. Ambrose L. Ran
ney gives full details of the treatment
of the eye which he has adopted with
20 patients. The correction of the eye
muscles has led to the cessation of the
epileptic seizures. Most of these patients
had been drugged with bromidcs for
years without any cure. Some Of the
cases treated were of long standing
One patient had suffered for "a years
from epilepsy, Seven years have now
passed since his eyes were treated, and
he has had no return. Another patient
had such violent paroxysms that he had
to be confined in u padded room while
they lasted. He is now cured. A third
has been i'll perfect health and part
ner i'll a large business for three years