The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-08-24

| summer. They were obtained in Green
| land and Labador. As TO dogs, III
| Cook had a fine pack of Eskimo sleog-
| ers, but these languid lautuoes hao
1 a bad effect on them, and all pul three
| died. The expedition may have 10 STOP
| off at Patagonia and obtain some OF
| tbe shenherd dogs that roam half wild
about the savannas and pampas. A
| team of ten dogs will be sufficient They
| will draw wooden sledges, which Will
be built upon arrival according 10 the
necessities of antartic ice and snow
| travel.
The provisions viii consist of bis,
| cult, dried fruit cereals, condenser
milk. and the like The staple article
| of diet will be pemmican, the main con-
| stituents of which, beef and talloW, Will
| be procured at a South American port
| on the way down. Tea viii De the
only liquor the explorers Will nave De-
| sides melted snow. One reason Tor en-
| ploying sealers for transportation Is
| economy Steam, according 10 Dr.
| Cook. is only of advantage in the midst
| of ice. AS the real work of the eXpedi-
| ton is on land the method OF ARRIVAL
| does not matter much
THE GREAT SOUTH SEA.
The southern ocean is the father or
all seas. 1t spreads itself over nearly
| the entire Southern Hemisphere OF our
planet It's waves roll in one conunu-
Gus sweep around the globe. Ihose
| great areas of water which we nave
| been pleased TO call the Atlantic, the
| Pacific and the Indian oceans are mere
arms of the great southern sea, with
| which it reaches northWard ana at
tempts TO clasp the entire gloDe IN It's
| chilling embrace, Geographers nave
arbitrarily named the limits OF the SOU
: liant
Antartic ircle, but this is merely mat
ter Of convenience, growing out OF the
fact that the other oceans were eXplor-
! ed and named long before the true re-
! la ton of this great southern sea TO
them was understood.
Take a small globe in your hand and
reverse its usual position, so that you
| can look directly al the south pole and
| Southern Hemisphere. You will be sur
| prised 10 see how nearly all the world
south of the equator is covered with
| water by this one great sea. Tnree
points of land jut tnimidly into It's
! great waste of waters, part or South
| America, a small portion of Africa ana
| those remains of the great ASlatlc pc
| ninsula now forming a mass of islands
{ known as Oceanicd. South OF the SOU
/ thern termini of these three bodies or
| land Cape Horn, Cape of Good Hope.
! and Tasmania, the belt of waters STREET
| ches in an uninterrupted circuit OF lou
| miles around the globe. over this great
| waste of waters winds sweep with VI
olence unknown at the north, through
| it run strong currents. beneath the
! surface are enormous depths which the
! line of the scientist has not yet meas
| ured, through its chilly waters said ma
| jeStic icebergs beside which those OF
the north polar regions are mere pig
mics, and over its central area extends
I : al aNt ,xariar N
arctics. 1t is to explore rocky spot in
! the center of this vast and ever wintry
! sea- a land whose shores are protected
with a wall of ice 300 feet high that DR..
| Cook proposes to undertake a three
years cruise in small sailing vessels.
PROBLEMS TO BE STUDIED
The really important object of amp ex-
petition to the Antartic seas is the ma
! king of inVestiga tons into supposed
| changes in terrestrial magnetism, tho
| DR.. Cook, buoyed by the discoveries of
! the Jason, hopes TO find, it is said,
relics or even live specimens on an ant
arctic people. There are many points
Of interest in connection with the icy
regions of the south which need eluci-
dation, amongst them the cause of the
abnormal lowness of the barometer.
Soundings and dredging cannot fail
to be of much value, and better knowl
edge, or, to speak more correctly, some
definite knowledge of the antartic con-
tinent would at least be of interest.
The most important work of such an eX
petition as is proposed would, however.
| be the magnetic observations, for the
! positions of the south magnetic pole
! and of the southern force of maxim in
/ tensity are still uncertain. and it is
necessary, in connection with the prac-
J teal navigation of iron and steel ships,
| that all the data ii is possible to obtain
| should be placed in the hands of eX-
| perts. lit is known that farther sout
| than the parallel of 40 degrees S. chan
ges have taken place in the magnetic
elements since Ross expeditions, and
there are no means of ascertaining
/ what is the amount of those changes
without further Investigations in lati
| tudes as near to the south pole as it is
! possible to get. In the next few years
magnetic disturbances will proba>sly
| be at a minimum, and scientists there
( fore think that the time has arrived
! when a properly equipped expedition
should be sent to the antartic regions
/ to continue the work which has been
! left practically untouched since the
| voyage of Sir J. Ross. 1t is not under
1 stood that DR.. Cook will be supplied
| with the necessary apparatus for deep
! sea sounding and dredging. but will
| probably go prepared to make astro-
nomical, meteorological, and geologi-
! cal observations. while geogra phical
notes will obviously form an important
feature of the work of the expedition.