The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1895-01-23
BUTTER AND CHEESE.
HOW. TO MAKE THE DAIRY PROFlTA-
SIEHNO.ENRlCH THE FARMER.

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HoW.To MAKE THE DAIRY PRoFlTA.
sIEaND.ENRlcH THEFARMER.
Professor Hart Tells the Way to Start q
Cheese and Butter Factory---Wise and
Timely suSge<tion---A Way to Get Value
from Cows.
Before establishing any enterprise
it is at first necessary to find oat If the
requisite: conditions are present to en-
ureits maintenance Forany manu-
featuring enterprise, plenty OF raw
material must be in sight before a
foundation, stone is laid 4 creamary
or cheese factory is no exception to
this rule, as many neighborhoodS
where large and costly creameries
have been erected have found out to
their cost. Before building creamery
or cheese factory the milk of sutfi-
cient number of good COWS should be
pledged for a year or more. In prac-
tice, it has been found that three hun
dred COWS, within three miles OF the
factory. are as few as will ensure a
successful business.
To pay the running expenses of q
hundred cow creamery would require
such q large percentage Of the receipts
that there would be no money in the
business for the producers of the milk.
The site of creamery. or cheese
factory should beseaaE, accessible by
good roads, shoNld kaye:a large. sup
ply Of: geod: water, ,<Eand sufficiently
elevated to secure good drainage.
There are many different ways in
which cheese:factories and creameries
are conducted which for the sake of
convenience may be classed under one
of the: following heads; proprietary
and cooperative, which names ex-
plain themselves. In the latter class
the farmers who supply the milk
usualfSsowa the plant, elect officers,
FROM among >their} number, hire the
lobor and conduct their business.
Another way is to employ some res
ponsible maker to handle the milk
who. charges a certain price pound
of cheese. or butterfor manufacturing,
which is somewhere about Il cents per
pound for cheese and 1 cents per
pound for butter. The proprietary
diaries are run on the railway mana
gers maxim-.all the traffic will
stand" The .co-opera.ive> basis has
naturallS proved to be more, satisfac-
tory to the farmers as all the proceeds
less the expenses go to them
To start a cooperative dairy enter.
prise there must be one or more pub
lie spirited citizens, who possess the
confidence of the community, and
who are willing to spend q. little time
in posting themselves. upon the re-
quirements of, andz Working for the
business. A public meeting might be
arranged for to. whichaall interested
in COWS and COW products should be
invited: Specially invite the ladies as
a creamery will relieve them of the
drudgery Of making s:5rtter in a?dashs
churn. After full discussion; lists calr
be opened for the subscriptions of
those who are dysto put their mon
ey and COWS into the business \
@1S'-----sshould ~ be made OF any Others,
- aes meeting who .might wash,
spsrt Before proceeding very
cfar meeting of the stockholders
Should :beealfed,. a, constitution, ;&by-
laws, rules and regulations adopted
and aperananent organization effect
ed. Cooperation means a working
together<saa1a;is folnd, in ssall trades
and professions except farming.
Should the elements of cooperation
be lacking. should opposition. or :.
worse still, inddifference, be met with,
it is better to encourage the further
enee Of priv eate: daaHiyying and wait for
the growth of a more. healthy public
sentiment, 1.e1o ~.~.~.~.,e. :.
glttering bait held out to them by the
agents of certain dairy supply houses,
sometimes make the mistake of build
ing and equipping too ::expenslvely at
the start.
It is better tocomnlcnce in a modest
way and enlarge the premises and
plant as the circumstances of the case
demand; and the building and ma
chinery should be planned with this
end in view. Many creameries carry
on proftably "a trade in cream, ice
cream, buttermilk and even eggs. Ice,
or artificial refrigeration, will be indls-
pensible for making butter IN summer;
and, whether to geta small refrigerat-
ing plants which can be had as low as
$3.50, 6fto buy ice is Question that
must be decided.
A cheese factory is very cheap and
simple affair. The building need be
onlE a one story plain frame structure,
having the walls and ceiling of one
room well insulated by the plentiful
use of building paper so the tenipera-
turg can be controlled. The outfit for
manufacturing the milk of three. hun
dred COWS into cheese need not cost
over $500. and the total cost Of build
ine:and outfit wouldnos exceed s5 per
COW. In country district, with the
surroundings favorable, cheese fac
torx could~R made. highly. profitable
if tie patrons would bend their ener-
eieSto the production OF cheap milk,
butin a town a cheese factory itself
mIgh1 prove IalIure. tahAuS SUN d
large suantity of:milk. off the: market,
as q acheese factory: does, would create
a shortage in the local supply of milk
and b6tter and an advance in prices to
thesdetnment where there IS consldera-
able demand for TT ailk al for family use;
a creamery. or combined creamery and
cheese. factory will be found more
4. IL b,~ n0ncrIapo- o.
bly, more at the: outset. In the North
there arecstwo kinds of ereamerles,
gathered., cream and centrifugal sepa,
ratqr.." Gathered cream creamerles are
adapted to :sparseay settled districts
where considerable territory has to be
covered t0collect' cream. Unless farm
cream: separators are used, gathered
creaA ereameries are not adapted tc
our Southern conditions:
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