davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
COMMON

At the last Gastlerea Petty Sessions,
Mary Kenny and Margaret Stretch. both
OF Gloon field, were prosecuted at the
suit of The o. Conor Don for Wilful tres
pass on the plaintiff S lands, at Clooncra-
field, on the 18Th of August, and having
refused to leave when warned off. y The
defendant (Mrs. Kenny said she was a.
poor widow woman, and had no other
place to go to-, and had to go into the
house from which she had been evicted.
Margaret Stretch made asimilar declara-
ton. A fine Of los. and costs in each
case was imposed. 81.
An outbreak Of typhus fever is report
ed from one Of the divisions Of Athlone
Union. Two members Of the family
died before being removed to hospital
some. short time ago. The remaining
portion Of the family were then removed
to the workhouse hospital, and under the
skilful treatment OF DIR. Michael Stanley
are progressing favorably. "A number of
patients from the infected districts have
been removed to the Workhouse hospital.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
AZ HoIv Rosary Church.

Miss jamie M. Sullivan, daughter Of MIR.
and Mrs. M. o. Sullivan, of South Mime
apolis, was married to VIM. H. Murphy
on Tuesday last at 8 o'clock. The inn
pressive ceremony was performed In Holy
Rosary church before a large gathering
Of Immediate friends and relatives OF the
contracting parties, Rev. Father Blooner
officiating. Miss Anna May Leary filled
the position of bridesmaid in a very ac-
sceptable manner, and James Murphy
brother of the groom, did credit to the
position Of groomsman. A wedding break
fast followed at the home Of the brides
parents, 2510 Bloomington avenue. A
large number Of presents were bestowed
upon the happy couple, many Of which
were Of a most costly nature. The Holy
Rosary choir Of which the bride had long
been member, remembered her with a
splendid gift. Mrs Murphy, nee Sullivan,
is daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. O. Sulli-
van, and was born in this city, where she
has always resided. In South Minneap-
oils, where she is best known, she is q
great favorite, and congratula tiens both
hearty and earnest go out to her, for a
bright and happy future. The groom IS
q conductor on the Chicago, Milwaukee
s& st. Paul railroad and is known as 4
most faithful and trusted ei1ploye Of that
company. Mr. !. and Mrs MurphY left the.
city Tuesday evening. at 7:30 O'clock over
the Milwaukee road for Chicago on q
wedding tour and will be absent about
tive weeks ON their return they will
reside at 1895 dghteenthl street s1llth
where they wifi be at home 10 their manys
fsdends md aeq s,H
.zss
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
Love Is Forever.

Love is forever-think no more
You give and take your heart at will.
IT'S mine--or was not mine before
You never loved or love me still
You seemed to hate-appeared to love
But one was false; choose which yor
will. .
You hate? Your love lie has proved!
You loved? Why, then you love ME
Then say no more your love is dead
Nor death nor hell true love can kill.
Were it q dream, it might have fed, =
But love, you loved, and love me still.
-Atalanta.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
I.ife's Compensation.

'T!s wisdoms law. the perfect code
BY love inspired y
Of him on whom much is bestowed
Is much required.
The tuneful throattis bid to sing,
The oak must reign the forests king
The rushing stream the wheel must
move,
The tempered steel its strength must
prove;
,Tis given with the eagles eyes
To face the midday skies.
If / am weak and you are strong,
Why, then, why. then,
To you the drawer deeds belong!
e And so, again,
If you have gifts and have none,
If have shade and you have sun, 58
IT'S yours with freer hand to give, Il
Wis yours with trller grace to live,
Than /, who, giftless, sunless, stand y
with barren life and hand. s=3 &
.s1 Carlotta Perry.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
The Mothers Of nen.

The hrav.est that was ever fought.
Snail tell you where ana when?
Or the map OF the world youll find 1t
not
Twas fought by the mothers OF men.
Nay, not with cannon or battle shot,
With sword or noDler pen:
Nay, not with~ words Of eloquence
trsnght
From the mouths Of wonderful men.
But deep IN the walled up mothers
heart,
= mother that will not yield,
But patiently, quietly bears her part
To them IN this battlefield.
No narshalied troops, nor bivouac song
No banners that CLEAN or wave,
But, oh, those battles, they last 50 long
From babyhood to the grave.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05

Was Jim,

Was Jim. II 4a
~ sss ny Capt. Jack Crawford. Il
Widest boy in all the village, s}5 Il
Up to every wicked lark, ~
Happy at a chance OF pillase
Melon patches in the dark
Seemed a 'tarnal mischief breeder
Fur every wicked whfm.
Put your hand upon the leader,
Thar was Jim.
He was eighteen when the summons
Come for Union volunteers
Am the films an the drumm,nss ID
An the patriotic cheers,
Made US with excitement dance, sir,
Even old men. staid ana prfm.
An, among the first to answer,
Thar was Jim.
One day when gin-ral wanted
Volunteers TO charge a place
Whar' the rebel banners Haunted
Irnperdently in our face,
Seemed as though the lannon's pe1lers
Had no skeerist,ness fur him,
For among the foremost feiiers,
Thar was Jim.
How we cbeered 'ein at the starttn'
On that awful charge they made,
Fur it seemed that Death was sartln
In that fiery annbnscade.
Once the smoke rfs up a-showin Z
Them as Ut, the hill they CHM.
An ahead, and still a-goin,
Thar was jim.
Cit thar. Wal, yer jest a-screar1in
Ncthiu' could have stopped them men
Zach ore seemed Il howl1n demon
Cl1arein' on q fiery pen.
Purity tough. wen next ] found him,
Fur with face all black and grim,
Dead, with dead men all around him,
Thar was jim. #,-
Friend G. nineo I reckon. sorter-
Net hin, fust one winter night
Lord! but want that storm shorter
Wen Went fur DR.. White!
Wen 1 heered my wife a-pleadin'
Ne to come an look at him.
Lynn in her arms a-feedin',
Thar was Tim.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
SLIGO


Mr.. Patrick j. Burke, Tubbercurry,
(brother of the Rev. M. Burke, G. c.,
Swinford, and brother-In-law of the Rev.
NJ. Henry, G. c., Guteen), has been sworn
in as magistrate for the county of Sill
go.
On Sunday Sept. list, the street preach.
ers, In Sligo, who for the previous week
had remained quietly in doors, sailed
forth. They had no sooner taken up their
accustomed stand at the corner of Wine
street and Adelaide street, thorough
fare leading directly TO the cathedral
than crowd Of people preceded by
band marched along TO the corner of
Wine street and there raised such a din
that the preachers were soon siienced, and
had to return to their lodgings at Mr..
Sanson's post office Officially, William
street. During the confusion that ensued
half o. dozen stones-thrown by young
sters-were sent flying through the air,
one Of which cut q policeman on the eye-
Mr.. Garden, D. T.. Sligo, also received a
blow Of astone on the back Of the should
er, while Mr.. Sheehan, G. J., Sligo, was
struck by an old tin can, which, however,
did him no harm.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
A. @. H. PRINTING.

We have ON hand at all times the necessary books
and blanks for the Ancient Order of Hibernians and
the Daughters of Erin which we sell at the following
prices:
Application Blanks (new form) per hundred. 90
Dne Cards Der hundred Observation-Disclosures. /. 90
Notice of Arrears Blanks per hundred. so
c;cr Committee Report Blanks. Der hundred go. .7y
Division Quarterly Report Blanks, per hundred. 100
Ode cards ner hundred 100
Letter Heads[2 colors] per hundred $50
Letter Heads Fl color per hundred ......... 100
Enveones printed with return address, per hun 100
Financial Secretarvs Register "a flrstclass book 800
Recording Secretarys Book zoo
Treas,1rers Book ESQ
Insurance Secretary's Register [best in the United
States $50
Secretarvs Order Books. Observation-Disclosures. rs
Treasurers Receipt Books. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. rs
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
LONGFORD.

Thoma$ Mex Gown, a; tenant of a labor
er's, cottage in the townland Of Lehrim,
was brought intp Granard on Sept. 9Th, in
charge OF police escort, to answer a
charge Of grievously assaulting his wife
on the previous night. It IS alleged that
McKeoWn struck her several times on
the head with pitchfork. He was
brought before two magistrates, and al
lowed out on bail.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
Our job Department.
Yes, we do Job Printing and lots of it, too and
;: * Reasonable Rats. :.


ltterheads envelopes biheads state
wedding
Invitations anything else think of
the lineo of Printing Give trial order
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
Goodness.

Stil, from the unsatisfying quest 5s:
no know the final plan. 81 W.
4 turn my soul to what is best
IA nature and In man. .sss s 4
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
WEXFORD.

E ssaA5y fs WEXFORD.
n, New Ross. on the morning Of Aug
3ust 31st. a painful and exciting scene took
place in New Ross parish church during
the celebration Of the usual weekday
Mass. The congregation we're at first
startled by hearing unearthly yells at.
the church door, on looking toward which
they perceived man enter, on his hands
and knees. The strange Individual,
whose name was Michael Hayden, Of
Mandlins, proceeded up the aisle, alter
nately shouting, praying and cursing as
he went along. Having. gained the head
of the aisle, he threw himself over the
sanctuary rail, and was attempting to
ascend the altar when 9 couple Of men
seized him before he could reach the
officiating clergyman, the 81 Very Rev
DR.. Kayanagh, T. r and held him
III check until The police, arrived.
AT the sight offl Il the police, the
ry,atlrlla1 became furious and violent, and
had toabe tied with ropes before being
removed Six olicsrnen had much a
:f1culky IN conveying him to the barracks.s
Hayden Svass afterward sent to the asy-
;lunl. as u dangerous lunatic y. He is a
midd leaged man.
tlle DIST ne the gpyeTlorssofl
Tie 4pEd punlt rxaa Nurse
iaa gaiD
q q
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05

j say that the real and permanent grand
eur of these states must be their re-
Hgion.
Otherwise there is no real and perman-
ent grandeur
CFSor character nor life worthy the name
without religion,
,Jcr land nor man nor woman without
religion).
Walt Whitman.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05

The solemn profession Of two nuns Of
the Presentation Order took place in
Middleton, on September 4th, in the pres
ence Of large number Of clergy and
laity, The two ladies who took the black
veil were Miss Margaret Buckley, Of
Char,eville, in religion Sister Anthony;
and Miss Catherine Maggie, of Ballyclough
near Mallow, in religion Sister Stanis-;
laus. The Very Rev. Canon Hutch, PIP,
Middleton, officiated, assited by the Rev.
T. ShinkWin &C.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
.I4OIITH.

At the meeting of the Drogheda Cor
poration. on Sept. 4th, Mr.. Valentine Kill
bride was, from a number Of candidates,
appointed solicitor to carry out the legal
work in connection with a bill for loan
of one hundred thousand pounds to adj
vance the interests of the county of the
town, of Drogheda in relation to the erec-
ton Of artisans dwellings, the purchase
of the WaterWprks. etc.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
Two Lives.

4 rose and thorn together grew,
Aud one was fair, the other vain,
Yet both was kissed by the summer sun,
And both by the freshening rain.
And two mems lives together grew;
The one was gentle. the other vain,
.And one was blessed by the glorious sun;
The other had naught but rain.
Albert Hardy
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
TIpPERARy.

On September 3rd, Mr.. Daniel Burns,
of Clonoulty, near Cashel, was reinstated
after a lapse Of II years, on Earl de- Mon
tails estate. His former rent was e. IS
and it is now reduced to FL Is. The
greatest excitement prevailed in the
neighborhood, as it came by surprise on
the evicted tenant, There are still a few
more evicted tenants in the same town.
land.
There is at present living. at Ballyn1ore,
near the Moving Bog, Cashel, an old man
named jeremiah Ryan, who has attained
the remarkable age of 102 years. He re-
tains all his faculties unimpaired, and
can walk about quite firmly. Mr.. Ryan
takes great delight in recountfng his rec
objections Of '98.
Much regret has been occasioned in
Clonmel by the death of Rev. p. O'Calla-
CHAN, G. c., Mullinahone, which occurred
after long and severe illness contracted
in the discharge of his sacred duties. He
had attained his 10th year, 20 Of which
had been spent in the priesthood.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
TYRONE.

The adjourned investigation into the
alleged stabbing Of Patrick McGeough, in
Irish street, Dungannon, on the Gath Of
August was resumed in Dungannon
court house, on September 9Th. Further
evidence having been given, the magis-
trate granted further remand-bail be-
ing peremptorily refused.
On the evening Of September I'd, an ac-
cident occurred at Omagh, whereby a
farmer named William Malone lost his
life. Deceased was in charge Of a horse
and cart, with load Of turf, going down
Castle street, when the horse. took fright
and bolted. Malone kept hold of the
horse, and was unable to control him.
When half way down Castle street, one
Of the cart wheels got ON side path, and
deceased's feet slipping, he lost his hold
of the animal and fell underneath the
cart, the wheel of which passed over his
body. The injured man was conveyed to
the residence of his brother, and medical
aid was snmomned; but he expired In
short time.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
MAYO.


The Conaught Industrial Exhibition at
Foxford, was opened on September 18th.
Special trains brought crowds of people
from Dublin and all Intervening stations.
The development Of the local factory, I'M
der the guidance Of the Rev. Mrs. Nor
rogh Bernard, superioress Of the Convent,
has been extraordinary. The exhibition
was opened at half past one- O'clock, and
speeches were delivered by Lord Ash
bourne, Lord Chancellor; the earl Of Ar
ran ran the Lord Mayor Of Dublin. Mr.. Hcr-
ace Plnnkett. M p, and others.
I. AT Castlsbar Petty Sessions, on August
2sth, a man named Philbin. an ex-post-
an, was charged with placing a parcel,
post basket on the railway line at the
station in the town. 1t appeared from
the evidence of Mr.. Morris, station mas
ter, and a porter named Galligan, that
the basket in question was placed con-
yenient to the rails, but no harm was
caused by the obstruction The bench
returned the accused for trial to the guar
ter sessions, accepting bail.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
DOWN,

There recently passed away, at Bur-
rem, four miles from Newry, in the per-
son of James Magee, the only survivor OF
the Yeomanry corps organized by the
late Mr.. Roger Hail. of Narrowater Cas-
tie. Deceased, who had reached his 96th
year, enjoyed excellent health and full
possession of his faculties to the last.
We regret to announce thesdeath, on
September sth, at his residence, 56 Hill
street, Newry, Of Maurice Ward, head OF
the firm Of NJ Ward & Sons, housepaint-
ers. NeWry and DundaIk.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
CLARE.

At Seaield. Midtown Maibay, the mack
erel fishing industry has been most sue
cessful for the past few weeks. At the
Seafeld pier two companies have been
located, viz, the McCawkley Brothers, of
Glasgow, and the Butler Brothers, Of
Boston, United States. One weeks fish
ing amounted to several thousands, and
the prices range from IS, up per 100. All
the available men, women and youths are
employed in curing the fish.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
MEATS.

In the y Bankrupt Court, Dublin, on
September; 3D., Justice Murphy. sitting
as vacation Judge, in the case OF John
Duffy v. Lieutenant Colonel Kearney, Of
tClonmello lon, county Meath, an order Of
committal was issued ,undert the Debtors /
Act, against the. defendant, for non
payment Of sum Of ELI, being twelve
r1onthly installment due under an order
OF the court made on the 21st OF Novem-
Der, 1891. Counsel stated that defendant
was Colonel of the Meath Militia, and
took part in their entertainments, at.
tended races, and lived in good style at
Clonmellon. The plaintiff had been a
servant Of his. The Judge said the order
would not issue till the LIST Of October.
The order would provide for imprison-
tnent for six weeks, unless defendant pro-
-vided for payment Of the inst llments,
and three guineas costs OF the applica-
ton. a#5:ssEg s7s
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
CARLOW.

: On August 23th, the ceremony of the,
reception of d religieuse took place at
the Presentation Convent, Bagnalstown.
The young lady who was the recipient Of
the white veil was Miss Bridget Maher,
in religion Sister Clare Gerald, OF Kill
name, Thurles, county Tipperary. AS
Most Rev. DR.. Lynch was unable to be
present, Very Rev. DR.. E. w. Burke, T. p,
VT, Bagansltown, assisted by the Rev.
NJ Norris, &C., officiated.
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05
MONAGHAN.

zsss;t5s4SS ~ ssssMJ)NAGHAN.
s At a meeting Of the County Monaghan
National Teachers Associa alton, held on
August 31st, series Of resolutions We're
passed, calling for the extension Of tho
compulsory clauses Of the Education Act
Nto% every part of Ireland; for better ar
nKementsg with regard to teachers res
licences, and for improvements in the
matter Of pensions; condemning the re-
suits system, and urging that better fa-
scilities should be given for the teaching
Of agricu lure and needleWork. s 81
Il: QUEENS COUNT
The Fa am ~ En- land Weekly
Journal announces the appointment of
REV. %. a II ector of Sc Gregory q,
SIS rnWo rth, ILL srccession TO Canon Bou-
'lay,e. i stud Of the Eng
'lfsh Colfexe at Rome was born Id
Galnnurl,o Queen EoInt md entered Sc
lolffse an,
g n IIh.s
alI|
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05

f In Port lppis, Mauritius. on July 5, at
the PresbYt AZ 4 pffsSt Therese, Of which
he was Vicar Il. TIL Rev Able Henry J..
Mac onneil passed quietly away in
death. The deceased was a native of
Kildare and .s was the son Of Gen. Sir
Francis MacD onnall. # @s ..5s K 5a5
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1895-10-05

On Sunday morning. September list,
the remains of Mr.. Henry McConyilles
were removed iSom his late residence.
West street, Portadown, for internent in
the family burying- ground, Drumcree.,
The deceased gentleman was highly es-
teemed and popular with all those with
whom he came in contact. The funeral
was consequently one of the largest seen
in Portadown or its vicinity for many
years past. @
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-06-22
ALAMEDA.

Investigation discloses that the y. HI.
Bourke" of San Francisco, mentioned in
the dispatches yesterday as having COM
mitted suicide at the Barker Hotel in
Omaha, is none other than BILLY Burke, .
as he is known here. His geniality made
him many friends in Alameda. He was
active in social and dramatic circles and
appeared before Alameda audiences sew
eral times in comedy roles, and his last
production was Augustin Daly's .'7-20-S, !"
given at Armory Hail. November "a, 1892.
He came to Alameda about five years ago
from Kansas City and secured position
with Payot, Upham & Co. Leaving their
employ about two years ago, he was em-'
ployed by Cox. and while travelling IN: the
South was arrested for embezzlement in
Louisiana, but before he was brought back
the missing money turned up, having been.
lost on the way. He brought suit for dam
ages, and after pending about six months
it was compromised for $1,000. He could
not find employment after this trouble and
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-06-22

E. Stack, B. McNalIy, E. w. Cotton, H. E. Lit
tlejohn, H. Lang, Dana Thompson and N. H.
LussieP.
Frank H. de Pue and his trained horse, Bar
ney.
Master Billy Chenowith Jr. and his Austral-
ian horse, Dandy.
Double trapeze, Cook and Kilbourn brother
act-Littlejohn, McNally, Lang and Lussier.
Harry Clark and his horse White Wings.
Triple horizontal bars
Wonderful menage act-MisS Emma Boeh.
mer.
The modern samson-Professor George S.
Miehling.
Acrobatic Notwithstanding brothers and
Larue.
Dashing jockey act-Everett Dowdle.
Pyramid ladders-Members of the Acme
Athletic Club.
Mile. Harriet Clark-Premier equestrienne.
Club swinging. Kitchen, OIL. Pickard,
Charles Slamberg.
Balancing trapeze-The only Pettis
Peter w. Barlow-The world renowned bare
back rider, through the kindness and courtesy
of Cliff Phillips, proprietor OF the Circus Royal
and Venetian Water Carnival, San Francisco.
Tumhling.
Spanish ride-By Flank H. de Pue.
The regulation circus concert, with va
riety specialties, brought the performance
to a close.
One of the cleverest numbers was that in
which Frank III. de Pue and his educated
horse Barney appeared. Barney seemed to
understand every word spoken to him by
LIS LldSter, L.tOuSu uOG always lNCllUeu TO
obey, and did many interesting and diff
cult tricks.
The performance of III. F. Kilbourn and
F. B. Cook on the double trapeze was a
clever bit of amateur work, which seemed
to be highly appreciated by the audience.
Those who took part in the grand entree
went through many difficult figures on
horseback, and the two lady riders, Miss
L. f. Ward and Miss A. R. Taggart
seemed particularly at home in the saw
dust ring.
OF the San Francisco athletes who took
part Professor George Miehling, the Lans-
burgh brothers and J. r. Larue of the
Olympic Club were particularly well re-
ceived
Those who had charge of the circus were
as follows: C. H. Hawbaker, business
manager; F. 7. Keelar, announcer; J.
Foster, equestrian director; Professor r.
Leando, gymnastic director; Louis Ho-
meier, musical director; Walter Werner,
master of properties; Victor Remmer,
master of horses; w. T. Cottler, boss can
vasman; James Shanly, head usher; f. P.
McFeeley press representative; A. T. Nc
Donough, treasurer; II. N. Sloper, general
manager; ringmasters-F. T. Keefar and
Lester Herrick; clowns. G. Mccall,
Alex Rosborough and Billy White.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1895-06-22
OAKLAND ELKS CIRCUS,
The Benefit Brings Out Very
Large and Enthusiastic
Audience.
FRANK DE PUE AND BARNEY.
Clever Equestrian and Athletic Work
by Local Amateur
Talent.

The Elks' Society circus, which took
place in regulation circus tent pitched in
an empty lot on Twelfth and Jackson
streets, Oakland, last evening, was an ar
tistic and financial success, and should the
subsequent performances which take
place this afternoon and evening be as
we'll attended a handsome sum will be net
ted for the building of the Elks' monument
at Mountain View Cemetery. The pro-
gramme was as follows:
Grand entree-Miss A. R. Taggart, Miss L. f.
Ward, Messrs. Myron A. Whidden, L. F. Hickey,
George Uhl, r. j. Boyer, H. l.. Clark, G. s. Pet
It's. Everett Dowdle.
Leaping-5y Professor R. Leardo, R. starkey,