davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

crushed theiuice runs down,a greenish,
sticky liquid. through strainer to q
we'll or vat, from which 1t is pumped
to the CHARTERS. Here milk of lime Is
stirred in and heat is applied. The
lime neutralizes the acids in the juice,
for the moment the cane is cut a
chemical change begins in the juice,
part OF it fermenting and becoming
acid. The thick scum which rises
when the lime is stirred into the juice
is removed and the clarified juice is
drawn off into the first kettle, where
the old method of making sugar is
used. On some plantations the juice
is bleached by fumes of burning sui
phur before it is taken to the "bat-
terry" This is done in an open box,
in which the juice drips through the
sulphurous fumes.
The large open kettles, four or five
of them, in which the juice is boiled
to sirup and then to sugar, stand in
O row close to one another. In the
first kettle the juice is boiled to cer-
tain density, which IS determined by q
glass. tfffair that looks like o large
Dubbed fhermomet Ter, called a sacchra..
meter. This is placed in the liquid
and floats in erpendicular position.
The more sugar there is in>the liquid
the higher above the level of the
liquid the tube will rise. The tube is
divided into degrees SO that the sugar
maker by simply placing the sacchra-
meter in the juice con tell when it has
reached the proper density or thick
ness. Thejuice is constantly skinned
of the impurities which rise to the top
in the form of SCUM, and this scum is
frequently made into rum. The juice
becomes sirup in the second kettle,
and US it grows thicker and thicker it
is transferred from one kettle to the
other, the workmen dipping it out in
long handled buckets. The last kettle
is called the "strike pan," and here
the sirup is cooked until the man at
tending it, by pinching some OF the
thick, clear slrup between his thumb
an finger, can draw the sirup out in
candied string, which is exactly the
test that is used at candy pulling
party. When the grain is felt and the
sacchrameter shows that the proper
density has been reached the heavy
sirup is bailed out into cooling vats
made of wood. As the sirup cools the
sugar crystallizes, but it is mixed with
the molasses which will not crystalline,
so it is scooped out OF the cooling vat
into large hogsheads made of cypress
wood, which have large number OF
holes bored in the bottom. Pieces of
sugarcane plug these holes loosely
allowing tho molasses to drip down
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

centrifugal force flies through the per-
forations, leaving the sugar dry and
snow white. The sugar is then dumped
to the granulator and placed in bar
rels.
This sugar, although of higher
grade than the sugar made by tho
open kettle process, is not as large
grained nor as glazed as the sugar
made in the reineries. Here the crude
sugar is made into sirup, again
strained through bono blaclt filters,
bleached, reolariaed, put through
vacuum pans, granulators and CEN
tifugals, until the grain Is large and
the crystals we'll formed and glazed.
The refining is process apart from
the sugar plantation and sugar house,
and requires machinery which is too
expensive and occupies too much space
for the sugar planter.
The procesn of extracting sugar and
sorghum sirup from the ''early amber"
cane Of the Northern and Western
States is almost identical with the
Louisiana method, but the diffusion
process used by beet sugar makers is
altogether different.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

alias Darieux, &C., =.
rich mad disappeared without leaving
traces.
The police were more lucky with
Colery. The story of his adventures
and wanderings is as romantic as any
chapter of Gaboriau. Learning that.
the police were on his track, he sue
cessively took the names of Leblanc,
Martin, Cordier and Saffrey and
travelled all over Europe. His real
name was ascertained to be Beliard,
under which he had opened bank
account in La Banque Intermediates,
in the Rue Saint Marc. Ithad all the
character of those buckets shops which
grew like mushrooms around the
Paris Bourse.
Beliard and his wife, who had dis
appeared, were tried by default Fer
the robbery at Lepicier's, and were
sentenced each to thirty years penal
servitude. They received another
sentence OF twenty years for other
robberies. Beliard learned of these
sentences through the papers. He
took refuge in America, where he be-
came attorneys clerk, commission
agent, victualler and household re-
mover.
Later on, in Brazil, he made a-1oI
tune in sugar plantations, having at
one time 1000 men under MIN. He
was noted in Brazil for his generosity.
He squandered his fortune, wasruined,
returned to France, and passing him.
self off as an officer, swindled right
and left. He set up as a trainer
under the name of Henri Cler and
ran horse, Bel Espoir, on suburban
race-courses. He made some money,
kept fine apartment in Paris and q
villa at the seaside in Normandy. He
! fancied himself at last secure hom
the police and rode out in the Bois
de Boulogne. He was recognized
there and was arrested.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

into the molasses tank. The sugar
made in this way is not pure white and
it is soft grained, but it is taken to
the refinery, where it is graduated,
This is the old method, rapidly
passing out of use, for, compared to
the modern way of making sugar, it
is expensive and wasteful. It's one
redeeming feature is its picturesque
ness. But the hard-hended, cold
blooded, unsympathetic Northern men
who have gone to Louisiana and built
extensive sugar mills, with all that is
progressive, scientific and modern,
with their chemists and polariscopes,
delicate sacchrameters and other in
struments, electric lights and tiny
locomotives for hauling cane, Corliss-
waived engines and huge pumps, re-
gard picturesqueness as so much lost
motion and therefore waste. They
have arranged their machinery so that
the sequence OF manufacture is I'M
broken, and the juice aud strip go
from the mills to the CHARTERS and on
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
A Huge Moorse.Head.

What is probably one of the finest
moose-heads in the world was taken
to Bangor, Me-, this week by G. d.
Crocker, of F1tzburg, Mass. The ami
NAL was shot up in Aroostook County
at the Ok Bow, and the moose weighed
l4O0 pounds. It is about absolutely
perfect in size, shape and spread OF
the antlers. The antlers spread sixty
inches, and when it is considered that
tifty-one inches is large spread, some
idea of the immense antlers of this
moose is obtained. The largest set OF
antlers of which there is any record Is
sixty-one inches, and this moose sur
passed that animal in the shape and
formation. Herald.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

Says the Electrical Review: In
1891 q young electrician, now in
Paris, on looking through Carnegie's
great steel rail plant at Braddock,
Penn, casually suggested that elec'
tricity could be made to operate the
widely separated pieces of machinery
at saving of many thousands year.
Recently Andrew Carnegie visited the
plant for the first time in two years
and saw electricity doing the work.
This improvement, together with
others, makes it possible for eight
men to do the work 500 did in 1891.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
THE POKE BONNET.

The poke bonnets suggest in mod
ernized idealized form the heedgenr
of the immortal spinsters of Crawford.
Crawford, TINT dream city of the
Amazons, where ECONOMY was always
elegant" and where the delicately,
sensitively fbred maidens declared
"though some might be poor, we were
all arlstocratic. "
The poke bonnet seems to have all
the traditions of feminity to insure its
adoption by the distinctively feminine
corps of women, aud it is rather la-
mentable that it is not particularly
becoming.
Among the prettiest sort is the one
illustrated herewith, 1t is ot black
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

An unusual thing, related by the
Cleveland Plain Dealer, in connection
with the court is the holding, by the
United States Grand Jury, that Scrip
tural quotations may be libelous. Fl.
A. Busby, of Means, Harrison Coun-
ty, wss indicted for writing letters
and postal cards to David Handley, of
COLUMBUS, Ohio. On the envelope of
the letters were the quotations: "Owe
No Man Anything: "Let Us Walk
Honestly" and "Many Years Thou
Shalt Be Troubled" He was indicted
on four counts on the ground that the
language used was libellous and calcu-
lated TO injure the character OF Mr..
Handley.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
HUMOR OF THE DAY.

Only the untried man wholly trusts,
himself. Dallas News.
What nine men out of ten want is
home with hotel comforts. Puck.
A preferred creditor is usually one
that doesn't fight for prompt pay
ment. Puck.
These balloon sleeves evidently
come of q desire to widen woman's
sphere. Boston Transcript.
A man who is complete failure is
nearly always particularly fond OF CIV
ing advice. -Atchison Globe.
1t was junior in the Abilene High
School who wrote "Evening Dawned
at Last. ."-Leavenworth Times.
An egotist reminds one of q lizard; !;
lop off bit of him, he squirms little
and straightway grows on again.
Some future generation,
II we make no mistake,
Will kick about the biscuits
That papa used:to bake: u
Detroit Tribune.
If you can't remember what the
string tied on your finger was to re-
mind you OF, you are getting Old.
iAtchison Globe. J,s2Ss.s:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
to the finished product untouched by

hard.
Steam coils take the place of open
fires, deep rectangular pans have been
substituted for the kettles and rapidly
revolving centrifugal machines do in
q minute what the hogshead strainers
did in week.. After the juice has
been treated with lime and sulphur it
is pumped into the first clarifer,
which has q steam coil in the bottom.
From one to the other OF four clarl-
fers the sirup goes, skinned con-
stantly oil the time, for when 1t IS
pdmped into the vacuum pan no skim.
mer can get at it. Sacchfameter tests
are made at every pan, and when the
proper density has been secured in the
last elafifef the sirup IS pumped into
q settling tank; and from there it goes
to the vacuum pan:
The vacuum pan is described by it.
name. tits an inclossd spherical vessel
with copper steam coils in the bottom,
and can be made air-tight. An air.
pump and condenser remove the nlr,
thus making q vacuum. Sightholes
are provided and lamp throws its
light through thick glass upon the
sirup 80 that the concentration can
be watched closely. In vacuum liquid
boils at much lower temperture than
212 degrees. the boiling point in
open air, and as there IS no atmos-
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
BOILING THE CANE JUICE.
pheric weight on the liquid the heat

pheric weight on the liquid the heat
causes the liquid to boil furiously,
with great jets shooting above the
turbulent surface, as though tre-
mendous agitation were going on, yet
the heat is nearly 100 degrees below
boiling point. BY using the vacuum
pan the sugar maker avoids burning
any sugar in the sirup and thus keeps
his sirup from becoming brown. In
this curious inclosed airless kettle the
sirup is boiled down under slight
heat until cyrstallization is effected,
and then the valve at the bottom is
opened and the whole charge is
dumped into the mixer directly be-
meath the vacuum pan. =
The mixer is troughlike arrange
ment in which an agitator revolves-a
long shaft with steel arms, which in re-
volying mixes the sugar, 30 that the;
crystallization progresses uniformly.
When the grain is of the right size
the mushy sugar mixed with - -
lasses is shoveled into the cent
machine. This is kettle.shaE
sci which .reyolYes 1900 times
ute. It's Sides are perforated
molasses in the sugar caught up
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

gii3ulu ayolu VIC Don.--
with broad. frontal trimming or hats
with wide straight brims, as they have
o tendency to emphaize the point
edness" of the face, giving it the look
of fat-iron or wedge. Such faces
should be surmounted by hats with
rolling brims and bonnets of high oval
shape or trimming.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
CRINCHILLA.

Chinchilln, says Harper's Bazaar, is
very decidedly the fashionable fur for
those who have sufieiedt color in lip
and cheek to wear it becomingly.
There is great choice in this fur, the
inferior skins looking brown and
dingy beside the clear gray shads seen
in the best qualities brought from At
rica. An un1ulatin collarette in
two rows, or with stole front, is the
favorite Shape, as many insist that
mass of this fur when seen in large
capes is not effective. 1t is, however,
q charmingly warm and velvety fleece.
It is at its best when combined with
black or with seal skin.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

A man in Australia had O new and
brilliant idea not long ago in regard
to the Interpretation of the clause in
his marriage vows: "Till death US do
part" His wife died, luckily for
her, as the following facts demon
strate, and since he was bound only
till death to his wife, the husband re-
fused to pay her funeral expenses.
The court promptly decided that q
husbands duties only cease when the
undertaker's bills are paid.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
waits for tho wagon gang to haul il

waits for tho wagon gang to maui IL
away to the cane shed.
The field hands begin work at 5 or
$50 o'clock in the morning, and cut
enough cane during the day to keep
the mill supplied while they are cut
ting, and ct the same time to pile up
enough csne in the cane shed to feed
the mill all night. The cane is first
weighed while on the wagon on plat
fora scales, and it is then dumped in
the cane shed, which is m open, heav-
lily built wing of the sugar house. The
cane which is to be ground at once is
dumped near travelling platform or
conveyor, which carries tho cane to
the roller mill, where 1t is crushed.
The cane shed is usually in possession
of the colored women, who take up
the cane by the armful aud spread it
on the moving Stats OF the conyeyor,
which is inclined at IN angle OF about
thirty degrees SO that the cane is
bought directly over the sugar mill.
The cane is not dumped on the carrier
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

The age limit in the Chinese army is
elastic, if there is any trnth in an
edict which is attributed to the
Chinese Emperor. The document
grants a piece of silk, ten bushels of
rice and ten pounds of meat to SOL
diers upward of eighty years of age.
A double quantity is allowed to those
who have reached ninety years. A
patent of nobility is granted to those
who have survived their hundredth
vear
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
Loaf Sugar III Morocco.

An important article OF trade in
Morocco is loaf sugar, which is in
general demand for presents. Every
person approaching superior, whose
favor or good will it is desired to pro-
pitiate, is bound to bring gift. He
cannot appear empty-handed, and the
form that is most commonly taken by
the gift is loaf sugar.--New York Dis
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
texture to subduo the defects. The

texture to subduo the defects. The
plumes and bows and strings are black.
The one enchanting, note of color is
given by the bandeau and rosettes
which are of vivid geranium red velvet.
Any becoming color may be most ef-
fectively introduced in these bsndeaux.
A bandeau of soft red velvet in q
poke bonnet that frames q fair face
surmounted by gray hair is appro-
pirate and pleasing.
Attention to few simple rules will
assist any one to select from the var
ious hats of the season one distlno-
lively suited to her peculiar needs.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

audacious scientist declares that he
can make granulated sugar out of saw.
dust, and in support of the claim he
exhibits o substance which looks,
smells and tastes like glucose. He says
that he first converts the sawdust into
starch and then turns the starch into
sugar, which, he declares, crystallizes
into as pretty granulated sugar as was
ever turned out of sugar trust re-
finery. But his most astonishing claim
is that when he has perfected his pro-
cess he will have no use for tariff or
bounty, for he will make sugar cheaper
than Cuba, China, Germany or any
other country can possibly produce it.
While he has been working on his
sawmill sugar the beet-sugar makers
of Nebraska and California have been
endeavoring to cheaper their processes,
and the farmers have been learning
how to develop and improve the sugar
beet so as to secure not only larger
beets and more to the acre, but o
greater per cent. of sugar in the beets.
The reason for all this activity and
enterprise is found in the fact that
Louisiana sugar planters produce only
about one-sixth of all the sugar that
is consumed in the United States, and
as the area of the sugarcane-3rowing
section is limited the sugar producer
must look to sugar beets and "early
amber" corn to make up the other
fve-sixths of the sugar. AS it is, the
beets of Nebraska and California only
produced one twenty-ffth rs much
sugar as was raised in Louisiana last
year, or only 1.150th of the total
amount consumed in this country in
1893.
In the sugar mills Of Louisiaua ma
chiDery has taken the place of the
hands who used to grow sleek and fat
during the sugar season, for the old
fashioned openspan batteries wlths the
fires under the kettle given l1XSa,y,
I'd steaa ninssapd m pens ind:
pumps, aud steam sona have3 re-
placed the hand buckets and dfpbers
which used to transfer the juice and
syrup from one kettle to another. On
some of the smaller plantations, how
ever, the old order of things prevails,
and the sugar house is as picturesque
and interesting as it was when slaves
whistled and sung at their work, for
the sugar-making season then was
feast of sweets and succession OF jol-
lities.
The sugarcane is ready for the har-
vest in the first days of October. The
tall cane, with its arrow" shooting
up to the plume, has been growing
and secreting its sweet juice all sum-
mer, and when some of it has been
run through little handmill and the
juice shows about fifteen per cent. of
sugar the planter gives the word and
the hands sharpen their broad cane
knives.
They first strip the cane OF its
leaves with the dull side of the knife
and then the tops are cut off as far
down as the experienced cane cutter
believes the maturity of the cane will
permit, for, while the sugar planter
wants every inch of cane which will
yield up sugar, he does not want to
grind and haudle m inch more than
is necessary As soon as the first
cane knife sIashes the field his mill
runs day and night and everything
counts. When the top has been cut
off the knife is buried in the stalk MS
near the ground as possible, and the
cane is tossed to one side, where it
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

The mountainous regions of the
western part of North Carolina truly
afford a typical section for both sum-
mer and winter resorts. This fact
has been taken advantage of by
Northern people, who are now found
in large numbers, enjoying life in this
most delightful spot.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
A Tragic Tragedy.Play.

A tragic occurrence is reported from
Przemysl, the Galician fortress town.
A theatrical entertainment by anna
teurs took place in which a spy was
stabbed by o patriotic Pole. When
the patriot had to stab the spy he &C.
cidentally thrust the dagger right into
the heart of his fellow-actor, who fell
dead on the spot. New York Post.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

built on circular lines of Lincoln
green velvet. A deep founce of
Renaissance lace, cream tinted, falls
from the shoulders, where it is headed
by o band of sable, which also edges
the bottom of the cape. A sable thibet
trims the neck, its long stole ends
reaching far below the knees.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

DR.. Joseph Parker, of the City
Temple, London, is warning with the
reporters for reporting his sermons.
He thinks that newspaper reports in
terfere with the profits of his pub
hshed sermons, and has been asking
advice as to how he can prevent re-
porters taking notes of his addresses.
1t is believed his only remedy is to
make contract with his audience
that they will not publish his SER
mons.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

If any one believes that the interest
in the horse is to give place before the
inroads of electricity, let him attend
some great "horse convention" sug-
gests the Farm, Field anl Fireside,
and note the attention paid the splen-
did specimens of endurance and intel:
9ligence there on exhibition.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
A PoUcaEp FUR wAIsTCoAT.

Ermine, which is SO fashionable for
capes, collars and various purposes of
trimming, has found further resources
for usefulness in the waistcoat worn
with the tailor-made coat. 1t is made
with box plait and pouch effect in
front quite as successfully as if it were
velvet.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
SHORT CAPES.

Short capes are greatly affected for
winter, and are particularly nice for
dressy occasions when an elaborate
toilet is worn, adapting themselves
better than any other form of outdoor
wrap to the requirements Of the pre-
vailing largo sleeves.
An especially charming model is
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

The deliberate judgment of Judge
is 'sthat the continuance of the Turk
ish Government after the last slaugh-
ter in Armenia is an insult to deceut
humanity the world over, and the Eu-
ropean politics that treats it feebly or
oYerlooks it is hideous crime.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

Land suitable for fruit culture in
California commands much higher
price per acre than in New York.
Anywhere near railroads the price is
from s100to $500 per acre, without
any improvements, and of course if
there are buildings and fruit trees
planted, the price is more.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
A Stern Disciplinarian.

General Count von Heseler, OF the
German Army, is stern old soldier
and strict disciplinarian. He has
been known to stop subordinate in
the street and make him remove his
boots and stockings to see il his feet
were clean. Chicago Herald.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

OF the 10, 900 miles which form the
land girdle OF China, 5000 touch Rus
sian territory, $500 British territory,
and only 400 French, while 500 may
be described ms doubtful.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
]3ODICEs.

Bodiecs are still cut off ut the waist
line, trimmed NIL around and worn
over, and rot underneath, the skiIt.
Stout hooks must be provided to hola
skirt and bodies together, else the re.
suit may be disastrous in the extreme.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

A recent parliamentary return
shows that there are upward of s21'-
600, 200 Of unclaimed money in var
ious Government departments OF
Great Britain.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06

A combination of circumstances
renders it an interesting fact that
there has been only one defalcation in
a bank Of China in 200 years. All tho
bank officials were beheaded the last
time O shortage was discovered.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1895-02-06
Richard w, Thomson,

Richard W. Thompson, Secretary of
the Navy under President Hayes, is
still alive OF the age of eighty-fve. He
has personally met every President of