davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1895-10-20
DESIGNS BY GREAT

when she would clasp her Romeo TO
lick the poison from his lips. Upon the
stool she kneels for her stage prayer
ana from its dizzy height she hurls her
self when planning a tremendous stage
effect. The trimming of the entire win
dow is accomplished by two jardineres
of English ivy, trained over an open net
work.
Rosa Bonheur has painted lions and
horses 50 many Years that she is not
supposed to have ever painted subjects
as light as flowers. yet a French woman
tells a pretty story of her early acquain-
lance with Rosa Bonheur and the great
animal painters home talent.
The lady owned cottage in the sub
urbs. a boX-like cottage. very square
and uninviting, with an l. at one side.
81 wish l could connect the parlor with
that l. in an artistic way" she said 10
Rosa Bonheur, then a young lady. who
was her guest. There is a square dark
hallway there now lighted with two
windows at right angles with each
other"
"Wnl YOU give me plenty OF sash and
I carpenter three days." asked Miss Bon
! hour.
with pleasure" said her hostess.
Three days afterwards there was n
door cut the whole width Of the little
square hall. Sash windows at right an
giles to each other went from floor to
ceiling; a window box stood at the base
and over the wide doorway hung a bent
wood arch, the work of Rosa Bonheur's
nimbe fingers. For a week she stood
upon a step ladder touching up the Dor
ders of the walls until they were as
artistic - the window garden. That
arch and the window box are still pre-
served by these friends Of Miss Bon
heur. though they could be sold for
small fortune if the owners would part
with them.
MILDLY" Morgan. the woman who
judged New York's horse market for
years. was an admirable designer and
house painter
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1895-10-20
ONYX PoR BLISS.

ONYX PoR BLISS
ONYX means "conjugal bliss" and all
who are receiving wedding presents '1'S
fall know II. or should know III.
LADY, who stepped into q 1eweIcs
OF great reputation leaned across IN
counter and whispered something TO the
disnitary who, was himself III "''ei''-
ance upon IFS brilliant wares.
II can have one for you IN ten days,
ropiied the jeweler. glancing NJ the small
rich autumn bonnet u9on we lair neal,
The request was Tor rear ana no"er
OF gems for a bonnet ornament iot
Wedding present. The leaf was 10 be
OF the tiniest emeralds, and the mower
a pink rose. This same lltl'e hover,
delicate. brilliant and beautiful beyond
compare. has nestled IN the bonnet trim
mines AT spring and fall FOR several sea-
sons. and will do so for generations II
tho cwncr desires. II is unplnned and
worn upon the neck OF an evening gown
yvhen desired 4 few III n ornaments Is
areitred for life. Tho cost ~ considerable.
but money IS in the air, ard there's a
nations pride at stake now Win the
Mariboroughs here.
yue OF the weddlng-pr"se shoppers
had inconspicuously clasp"l around her
umbrella "A band OF gold IN which were
set small moOnstoneS-tne no ram
stones This hald. very neat ana iar
from snowy. cost 500.
The bridesmaids OF the autumn are
busy Young women. They, too. have
gowns 20 buy. Their CUTS arc 10 mar
monizo Miss Consuelo's bridesmaids
unite in a set OF jewelled ornaments.
Miss Goelet gives the bar pin, Miss Bur
denis choice is a ring. Miss Jay selects
n bracelet. and 60 on until the complete
SCI Is chosen The stones selected are
ono1s and the act. as all the bridesmaids
are milllonairesses. will be one Of the
worlds famous Jewel sets. The caske'
containing them has a top with mono
gram IN opals. ,..,,.
I'm color and simple I'm material, but the
busy women shoppers are not needing
thoir gowns They are rather DEBATING
over and over again how many prooches
,vbether n watch In the palm or a glove
will be an acceptable novelty or be put
"7'0' - HELEN WARD.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1895-10-20
TADFMA's MIRROR.

and transplant them bodily. Make the
best OF the situation"
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1895-10-20
ARTISTIC MAN.

The popularity OF the arrangement is
seen upon Inspection. The flower must
match the jardiniere. For the yellow
tsrdiniere there is the yellow chrysan-
themum, with tawry trailers for side
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1895-10-20

tour maine. The colors are very brilliant
and the brooch remarkable for its SPARK
l.. It's significance, unperceNao'e "
any one not in the secret or It's inan-
utacture, must be known 10 DC "pp''
ciated. <,,
Gifts run to sentimentality mis- iaii
In marked degree. The oldest pres
enf, and the most acceptable from use
ful standpoint, is the cape pih' an in'eH-
ton OF the autumn, but immensely popu,
lar In a months existence. Inc cape pm
is a dagger with a gold sheath Inc Gag
ger has a precious stone In It's NM, oi d
row Of precious stones, ana the shsast'
which bangles from a long soiu chail,
is tipped with a gem. rms Is lVI hceplns
the rug shoulder cape in position. but
a word about the rug cape may De 'eee s
sary first. This Is square cape nhauc
from one Of the beautiful wooileh rugs SO
pent fully displayed. us mo-. "a, ,,,,ods
able shape is a square with rouhuei eius'
or SQUARE ones II is hung from the LETT
shoulder Its lining is dull, TO match
tho dress trimmings, ana me cape Is
OF the tone of the dress h5eli, , "a, m,r
FOR warmth The cape dagger holds IL
firm and is slightly ornament
The Young Duchess of MARLBOROUGH
will have such cape pin with MY ana
tip of her state stone. In spite OF
the fact of her New York residence and
her London home Miss Vanderbilt has
alawys regarded Rhode Island as her
own state. Here she passes her uHe
when in this country. The cape dagger
will be OF Rhode Island rock crystal Hlh
Rhode Island amethyst. These are rich-
Is set in chased gold and make worthy
offering. and one which VIII be much APP
prcc,atod by the young woman whose
gifts will be so numerous and so prince
lv thgt her admiration Will nave run
short Of adjectives before half nave oeeh
inspected.
Another cf ttese cape daggers is set
with = motto. Hope The stones are
hyacinthe. Divine. pearl and emerald.
4 very beautiful feature OF TINS eN-
tensive shopping for wedding gir's that
IS now going on is the seeking for utll-
ity. Il adopted a jewelled safety. pin
for the tip OF my bodice" says a fash
icnatle young matron, much given 10
walking. ut Is the most useful thlhs l
ONYX of the clearest color?'
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1895-10-20

ONE OF THE SHOPPERS =
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

high. 1t spans the channel. with its horns
running up over each spoil bank, and is
moved on IL track as the work progresses.
Under il runs an elaborate and expensive
belt TO convey the eXcavated material
TO the ends of the horns and dump it
over the spoil area. Nothing like this
machine was ever seen before on land or
sea. AS it has failed, however, to work
as economically as the simple cantlever,
it is probable that it will not be dupli-
Gated.
One of the favorite pieces of apparatus
is the galloway. This consists of two
towers. over 100 feet high, one on each
bank of the canal. connected with run
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15
A Bank
Failure.
AN INVESTIGATION 7
DErIANDED.

A general banking business IL done By
the human system, because the blood de-
posits in its vaults whatever wealth we NAV
gain from day TO day This wealth is laid
up against " a rainy day" as a reserve fund
we're III condition of healthy prosperity
IL we have laid away sufficient capitalize
draw upon in the hour of our greatest need
There is danger in getting thin. because it's
sign of letting down in health To gain
in blood is nearly always TO gain in t0hoie-
some flesh. The odds are in favor OF the
germs of consumption, grip, or pneumonia,
If our liver be inactive aud our blood inn
pure, or IL our flesh be reduced 6eiozV
healthy standard. What is required is an
increase in our germ fghIing strength. DR..
Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery enriches
the blood and makes ii wholesome, stops
the waste of tissue and at tile same time
builds up the strength. A medicine which
will rid the bloodofits poisons, cleanse and
invigorate the great organs of the body,
vitalize the system. thrill tile whole being
with new energy aud make permanent work
of it, is surely remedy OF great value. But
when we make positive statement that %
per cent. of all cases OF consumption cam i'll
taken in the early stages Of the disease. be
CURED with the Discovery" il seems like
a bold assertion. All DIR. Pierce asks is that
you make thorough investigation aud
satisfy yourself of the truth OF his assertion
BY sending to the Worlds Dispensary Med
ical Association, Buffalo, N. ", you can get.
free book with the names, addresses and
photographs Of large number of those
cured ofthroat. bronchial and lang diseases,
as we'll as of skin and scrofulous affections
by the Golden Medical Discovery" They
also publish a book of 100 pages, being q
medical treatise on consumption, bronchitis,
asthma, catarrh, which will be mailed on
receipt OF address and six cents In stampa
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

in the United States, certainly, and per
hans in the whole world. for no other
great canals. but one great railway. and
no extensive system of dykes, docks or
dams are now in course of construction
anywhere These statements may cause
some surprise. but they are true ncyerthe-
less A similar state of affairs has not
obtained in this country for a score and
a half of years.
The big ditch now under way in llli-
nois is the forerunncr of various similar
works to be undertaken in response TO a
new demand for method of moving
heavy freight AZ lower rates than the rail-
roads can afford. even if at less speed,
although the primary use of this great
trench. which is known rs the Chicago
drainage canal will be to furnish an out
let for the sewage of Chicago. so that
81 need no longer pollute Lake Michigan,
whence the city gets it's water supply.
But the canal is being built with special
reference. also. 10 its forming one link
in the chain Of channels, artificial and
natural. that shall connect the great
lakes with the Gulf of Mexico. and be
deep and wide enough to enable large
vessels to reach Chicago and thence all
ports upon the shores Of the fresh water
seas.
This chain Of deep water channels will
be composed of the Chicago Drainage
canal. the Desplaines and Illinois rivers
and the Mississippi from Ora alton, H.,
south TO the Gulf. The completion of the
work will open TO ocean-going boats the
most extensive system of inland naviga-
ton in the world. LOO miles of lake.
1000 miles of large river navigation and
320 miles of canal and improved rivers.
$500 altogether or one-ffth more miles
than from New York TO Southampton.
The Chicago Drainage canal proper will
be thirty miles long. reaching from Ash.
land avenue, Chicago, to Lockport. III.
and crossing the divide that separates the
basin of the great lakes from the valley
Of the Mississippi Ten miles of it arc
cut through solid rock. often bed rock.
anserlying tough boulder clay, and tho
remainder through river muck and gla-
eial drift. TO a maximum depth of IS feet
The rock cut is 100 feet wide. with vcrti-
cal sides. The portion traversing hard
boulder clay is 90 feet wide on the bot
tom. with sides slopng out in prism shape
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

ming cable at the top, by means of which
the buckets of spoil are rapidly conveyed
TO the dumping place. The causeways
first constructed were not very successful.
but experience has led to several radical
improvements, until now. 10y the adoption
of simple device, hit upon by III. G..
Locher, one of the contractors they have
been brought to state of efficiency which
makes them worthy competitors with the
cantievcrs.
Curious Machinery.
Another curious and successful contriv-
ance that stands on the edge of the chan.
mel and dominates the prairie in the re.
gion of Lockport, is Il turning tower with
derrick and hoist on each side. 1t looks
more like n big, old-fashioned windmill
than anything else. The buckets or cages
of one derrick are loaded by the workmen
with blasted rock debris at the bottom of
the channel. Then these are hoisted high
in the air. and the whole tower is set re-,
volving, like a swing bridge, bringing the
loaded cages over the spoil bank, to be
dumped and throwing the opposite derrick
over the channel TO receive its load. This
machine works rapidly and economically.
On these sections which are partly in
earth and partly in rock all the usual
methods of excavation are in vogue, and
several that are entirely new. On the
| rock sections the sides are cut down yerti-
cally by channeling machines, leaving
the sides of the canal, after the channel
| has been blasted out, ms smooth as il
made of the most neatly finished concrete.
| OF course, steam drills are used in blast.
ing, and on the sections which are doing
IL. "A
from a central power station by compress.
cd air. The channeling machines cut the
sides down vertically To n depth of ten
! feet at each cut. This layer or "stope."
is blasted out, and then the machine cuts
TO n further depth of ten feet, leaving only
six inches Of offset TO show where the
new stope begins. The rock is thus ex.
cavated in three Slopes or layers. The
top layer is removed by carts and tram
cars. the traction for which is usually sup
piled by steam hosting engines. The
lower lifts are taken out by the use of
cableways. high power derricks, and can
/ tilever conveyors.
The cross section Of the earth excava'
] tons shows width of 202 feet on the bot
! HON, with the sides sloping out. so as TO
make an extreme width Of 300 feet at the
top of the prism. This wide portion of
the canal-twenty miles in all-extends
for some distance and then reduces TO 10
feet on the bottom, preserving the same
side slopes. In the rock sections the sides
are vertical, and the width Of the channel
is uniformly 100 feet.
The methods of working on the earth
sections present some novelties. Cars,
specially constructed, are loaded by steam
shovels and drawn by steam hosts up n
steep incline to n proper height, where
they are run upon n tipple and automati-
cally dumped. The contractors have
erected great iron bridges, spanning the
spoil bank high in the air, their support
| ing piers being carried on trucks. which
travel on tracks parallel with the channel.
| From the channel end Of the bridge an in
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

TO this the cost of administration until the
completion of the canal. and the sum will
represent the total cost TO the taxpayers
of the district benefited. This total
President Wentcr confidently asserts, win
not reach S2S,000,00 Others think there
may be unexpected difficulties that will
raise the cost to nearly $30,0O0,0OO.
Caring for the Men.
One of the problems with which the
contrac tors have to deal is that of caring
for the men employed on the work. On
each section there are from 200 TO 400
men employed, and the majority of them
are SO distant from any town that pro-
vision must be made for the men at the
work. For this purpose each section is
provided with camp consisting of rough
frame buildings, some of them equipped
with hunks for sleeping quarters and 9th
ers with outfits for providing meals. Some
idea of the extent of this work can be
obtained from the fact that on one section
bakery is established which turns out
from 400 TO 800 loaves Of bread each day.
Some of the contractors carry on this de-
partment under their own supervision,
but others find il much more profitable TO
make contract with commissary, who
furnishes bedding and provisions at a
stipulated price.
1t is stated that the prices being paid
for this work are far lower than those
paid for any similar work ever carried on
in the world, and that this is particularly
true Of the rock sections. The prices
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

These wide portions make up twenty of
the twcnty-eight miles. The remaining
eight miles. which traverse soft earth
and can easily be dredged out TO full
yhip-canal width later, are but 10 feet
wide on the bottom, with sloping sides.
The minimum depth of the whole stream
will be % feet.
Work Proceeding Rapidly.
In two more years this great artificial
river will bc draining Chicago into the
Mississippi and robbing Niagara of 300,-
900 cubic feet of water per minute, for the
benefit Of the Gulf of Mexico-and of
those inhabitants of Chicago who drink
water. Yet il is but two years since the
FIRST spadeful of earth was thrown. The
difficulties that have been overcome in
The work are far greater than would nat
Arally be expected i'm n country without
40 much rs hill or hummock TO break it's
level mouotony. One Of these difficulties
was stretch of ten miles Of solid linn
stoned bed rock. But 10y the use of steam
shannelng machines this has been cut
through. SO ms to leave wall as smooth and
straight and white as so much sawed ice.
The greatest obstacle of I'll was the
Dcsplaincs River, which numbered moro
th"h uoI'h ihli'S ol inc I'd'h anu threat
ened with It's periodic floods To sweep the
earth bikes of the new channel away NJ
every spring freshct. But the engineers
hooked over the ground and calmly said:
I'VE will transplant the Dcsplaines river"
And they have done it. building an entire
~ new river channei for more than thir-
teen miles, at cost of over 81 100000.
"But what will you do with the flood
waters while you are building your river
diversion channelI'' asked the skcptics
I'VE will spill them into Lake Michigan
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

dumping apparatus. the power for which
is supplied from the locomotive. The en-
gincer operates these dumps just as he
would apply the air brakes.
Up to the beginning of last November
there had been expended by the district
S2,31O,030 for right of way and $0,079,-
2Go for construction, making total OF
So, 449, 300. This amount. together with
the cost Of administration, payment of
bonds interest, etc, brings the total ex.
penditurcs of the enterprise to date up to
over $10,OO0,000. The total estimated
cost of the work under contract is: For
construction, SIS, 747 SIG: for right of
way, $2,606 DDS; total, $21 ,354,074. Add
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

and send them down the ST.. Lawrence
instead Of down the Mississippi" said the
engineers. And they have done IL. At
the head of the river diversion they have
built an enormous safety valve. in the
form of 'spillway," or dam, 391 feet
long and 1911 feet high. made of concrete.
capped with stone, and Aanked with
wings of stone masonry. So, when the
Desplaines goes on n rampage, and the
water gauge above this spillway indicates
over 100000 cubic feet of flow per min.
ute, the surplus flood waters are dumped
across this dam and sent down the Chi
cago river to Lake Michigan. The river
diversion is all finished. This is 200 feet
wide on the bottom, with sides sloping
out, giving the cross section the form of
prism. The pitch or grade of the chan
mel is about one foot in Il mile and half.
Thus the river is successfully out of the
way.
The main drainage channel is now un.
der contract throughout its entire length,
from its confluence with the Chicago river
at Robcy street to Lockport, Will Coun'
", ILL.,, twenty eight miles 10 the south
west of Chicago. The work has been sub
divided into sections averaging Il mile in
length. Beginning at the Willow Springs
road, a midway point, the sections are
lettcrcd toward Chicago from A to o,
section O being that which connects with
the Chicago river. From the Willow
Springs road southwcstward the sections
are numbered from / 10 -. These in.
clude the rock cut, and were the first 10
be put under contract. Sections number
cd from / To Ii were let in July, 1S92
section l. was put under contract last
August.
The lcttcrcd sections running up TO Chi
cago are, with some exceptions, cut
through glacial drift" Glacial drift
comprises tho top soil, earth. muck. sand
gravel, clay. hardpan. bouldcrs-all tn,
loose debris deposited upon the bed rock
by the prehistoric. glaciers that gouged
their trail along the Dcsplaines Valley
The work on sections A. Il and n portion
of G travcrses the old bed of the Des
PLANES river and has TO deal with ooZe
which covers the clay to II considerable
| depth. This is managed very cfficacious
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

Patience Is virtue for which there
Is no substitute. There is often no 9th
or way out of difficulty than the way
of patience. But really this Is most
gracious way. when the sufferer finds
It. Nor is 1t way which any one need
be ashamed to take, for our Lord rec.
ommends 1t: "In your patience you
shall win your souls" He knows that
there is often nothing left to us but
this one thing-patience We must use
1t; we must win our souls, our very
lives, by It,
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

paid for the removal of the rock mostly
range from T3 cents TO So cents per cubic
yard, and it is said that the lowest previ-
Gus prices on record for similar work have
ranged from $1.25 to $1.50. Prices paid
for glacial drift generally run from 10
cents TO 81 cents per cubic yard
The pictures accompanying this article
show very clearly the nature of the work
now going on in Illinois, and some of the
novel and expensive machinery that is
being employed BY its use at least one
third more work is accomplished in pro-
portion to the amount of money expended
and the number of men employed than
could have been twenty years ago.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

tremity. The apparatus works rapidly
and so successfully that there now eleven
of these cantilevers in constant operation
on four sections.
A still more imposing device spans the
canal near Willow Springs. 1t is proba.
bly, the most unique piece of machinery on
the continent, and can be seen for many
miles. Ii is n piece of iron bridge work
in the shape of an enormous chair rocker,
nearly 700 feet long and over 100 feet
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

c!;aed track runs down into the cut. and
on this two ears. with capacity of eight
cubic yards each. are kept running up and
down, being successfully loaded by steam
shovcls, drawn swiftly up the incline by
a steam hoist and automatically dumped
over the spoil area. BY this combination
OF devices IN output Of lo9 cubic yards of
earth per hour can be maintained all day.
The material is taken from the steam
shovels by cars fitted with rheumatic
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

nanza to the owners of celery farms in
that region.
The apparatus used for excavating the
glacial drift varies on different sections.
according to the ingenuity of the various
contractors. But the most striking and
also the most successful device for rails
ing the spoil from the bed of the canal Is
an enormous cantilever of bridge-lke con
struction. The earth is first loosencd by
the use of gang plows or steam shovels,
and then is loaded into large iron buckets
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15

~ by the use of hydraulic dredges that
send continuous stream of water and
black muck flowing through twenty.
inch pipe to any required distance within
5000 feet. Each of these dredges has a
capacity of $500 cubic yards in ten hours.
BY an ingenious use of revolving knives,
one contractor is also pulverizing the
harder material beneath the oozc, and is
pumping il out along with the water. This
river ooze, by the way, is proving n bo-
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1895-03-15
The Millions Already Spent

The biggest ditch in the world is being
dug in Illinois, and from 5000 to 5000
men have been employed upon the work
almost constantly for over two years. This
IL the largest number of laborers employ
ed upon any single work of Improvement