Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1895-12-05

d. Lawrence, anu lndl an extensive HlSH
area covers the central valleys and the
gulf states. The center of the high will
probably move slowly eastward to the Car
lima coast, and thence work northeast
ard over the ocean. The Alberta low adj
1nceS In one of two paths, ID to eastern
'akota in one day, to Lake Superior in
NO days, to the middle st. Lawrence val-
~ IN three days; or else CT it will be de-
'ected southeastward to Iowa and Mis-
Fou'i in two days, whence it will make
Lake Ontario in one day more. About one
third of the storm centers will be detected
INTO the southern course. and these are
much more erratic in their action, and
harder to forecast.
The North Pacific tyne: These come in
over the extreme northern coast. near
vancouver, and separate about half and
half INTO paths. of which the first is di-
rectly eastward over the lakes, and the
second far to the southeastward along the
mountain slope. generally reaching north
ern Texas. In this case a high covers the
central valleys and The Missouri valley
the weight of it being near the northern
boundary, whereas in the Alberta type
1t was heaviest in the gulf states. There
Will usually be found three lows In sight
one over the North Pacific. one over the
Gulf of St. Lawrence, and the third over
Florida. 1t is evident that these are being
fed and sustained by the great high, all in
the same way and Independently Of one
another, though each is in intimate subor-
dination to the high. The course Of the
movement of this high. If the high passes
directly eastward in the northern circuit
the low will follow behind in the northern
pain II, on the other hand, the high seeks
the southern circuit, the low will follow
behind in about the same relative po-
sition. but the tracks will now lie
to the southeast ever the mountain
slope and the gulf states. 1t is there
fore or primary Importance to know, in
making thirty-siX-hour forecast, which
circuit the high itself will take from the
Dakotas If 1T goes east, the low will
move to North Dakota in one day, to Lake
huron in two and to the Gulf of ST. Law
renee in three days:if the high moves south
eastward over the Ohio valley the low will
be found near Colorado in one day, in the
lower Mississippi valley in two days, and
II II survives in the st. Lawrence valley
on the third day; some storms of this type
nave crossed the gulf states to South Car
DINA. and have thence moved along the
coast line to the northeast The storms
taxing the southern track, it is seen,
travel with great rapidity making the
long path in the average time of about
three days.
The Colorado type: This is a marked
type OF storm, forming in the neighborhood
OF the Colorado mountains. The DISPOSE
tion OF the highs is of very different sort
I'D TINS case from that of the preceding
types Now one strong high covers the
ooutn AIiahtc and eastern gulf states, and
second covers the North Pacific states
and the northern Rocky mountain region
The latter high lies at the junction of the
two circuits in the northwest: the former
on on tne AXIS OF the circuit in the southeast;
the Colorado low forms in between them
Where the counter flow from the highs
causes cyclonic gyration. The north
western high moves from the California
coast southeast to New Mexico. or else
further north to southern Minnesota, in
about two days. The Florida high moves
northeast along the coast to New England
IN f the same time The entire system. there
l3re, shitts along the southern circuit
meanwhile the storm moves in a very reg
ular course northeaStward in one day To
Illinois. in two days to northern New York
and IN three days to the Gulf of st. Law
renee.
The Texas type: In this case the forma.
ton Is similar to the Colorado type. the
whole system. however, being somewhat
advanced along the southern circuit The
eastern nish Is now central on the Caro-
lima or Virginia coast and covers the die
trlcts east of the Mississippi river: the
western high is well to the east and covars
the Rocky mountain slope. being central
near wyoming. Between these a low area
Is found central in Texas or near the uyest
gun coast The circulation now carries the
Atlantic high northeastward to Newfound
iahd IN Two days, and the Pacific high to
Texas low moves moves rapidly northeast
over the central valleys to Indiana in one
day, to northern New England in two DAYS
Wnile IN three days it will disappear from
the map. -oiA
The Gulf of Mexico type: The Dissertation,
or this type is about the same as for the
Two preceding, except that the system Is
again advanced to the east. These three
types snow distinctly the same Fundamental
relation to the southern circuit heinz
transported further along from one stage
TO the other. Finally there are a few sno
radic Atlantic coast storms, forming near
to the end of the northern circuit near The
CUR of st. Lawrence. 1t should he re-
marked regarding all the lows generated in
tne southern circuit, especially the Texas
anu me Gun or Mexico type, that they
make some OF the most severe storms that
sweep over the eastern states The gulf
states still retain much of the heat and
moisture peculiar to the summer season.
while the highs from the northwest are
vigorous with fresh cold air This conhi
nation is very favorable to the forma tion Of
sudden, rapidly advancing storms. with
heaVy precipitation, violent winds, great
contrast In temperature on the eastern and
western sides. The early heavy snnu,
storms of the eastern states usually come
from these southwesters, and their PASSAGE
over district Is almost sure to be followed
by a destructive cold wave, which, if un-
seaSonable or unusually persistent causes
great damage in the southern portion of
the gulf states The warnings of the
weather bureau are particularly valuable
IN the case OF these storms, especially in
anticipating violent winds and high fen
peratures, to be followed by yery married.
cold waves and freezing in the southern
states.
The central high type: There is one
more formation very characteristic of
this season. A large, high area some
times covers the entire country from
the Pacific to the Atlantic giving clear
dry weather for several days.in succession
The high holds quite steadily, the isobars
beng northwest to southeast, or even di-
fectiy west to east and 1t finally drifts off
In an irregular manner and is followed by
a low in the extreme northwest
The system of movements thus emil
merated for December prevails quite
steadily till March, when it begins
to disintegrate IT, some very irregular
and abnormal motions for April and
May, introducing the summer circuIa-
uon which is confined to the northern cir
cult. korecasting in the winter deals with
the rapid movements, great alterations of
temperature and the interplay between the
two primary circuits; in the summer 1t is
confined to the northern circuit, while spo-
radio local storms, tornadoes and thunder
storms take the place of dominating CIV
clonic actions.
4 Record of Twenty-Five Years,
The following data, compiled from the
weather bureau records at Washington, D.
c., cover period of twenty-five years for
the month of December, and should prove
az Il t,,,5