The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1895-06-12
THE MODERN SAFE.
AN UP TO DATE FiREPROOF AND
BURGLAR PROOF DEPOSITORY.
skillful Workmanship Displayed In Its
Manufacture-Locks With Simple Mech
nnism That Are Extremely Hard to Open
II You Don't Know How.

The latest burglar proof safes and
vaults are magnificent specimens Of
skillful workmanship Although the
doors often weigh tons, they swing as
easily on their hinges as a window shut.
ter. After the first great door is thrown
back and displays its glittering array of
bright locks, its glass incased clocks
and its smooth steel bolts there is an
other door almost as strong. with bolts
and locks Of its own. When this is open
it reveals three other doors. The upper
two are Of thin steel and have no locks.
Only papers and books are to be kept in
the little pockets Or pigeonholes which
they inclose.
Under them and shutting in the cash
drawer there is the third door with it's
Bwn lock and bolts. In this safe the
size OF the cash repository bears about
the same relation to the size of the
whole safe as a pumpkin seed does to
the pumpkin. And it is not only burglar
proof but fireproof-warranted, in fact,
to stand for at least IS hours the great
est mount Of heat that any burning
building could give it.
The making of a safe of this kind is
q complicated and expensive operation.
AL the steel used comes in the form Of
plates from the works. After having
the necessary screw holes bored in them
they are heated to a high temperature
end then tempered by suddenly MINERS
ing them in water. When they come out
they are often q little twisted and
warped, and have to be rolled cold and
sometimes polished clean by a swiftly
moving emery wheel The noise of this
operation is ear splitting and so rasping
that a man with ordinary nerves can
hardly endure it. When the plate is per-
fectly level it is transferred to another
machine, where it is clamped tight, and
an emery wheel shaves off the edges.
The plates are now put together, first
one OF hard steel, then one of wrought
iron or soft steel, and so On until the
necessary thickness is obtained. From
the iron the safe receives its tenacious
qualities-it cannot be cracked or bro
ken as easily as steel, and the steel i'm
parts a hardness that deties the burglars
drill The screws are also made Of COM
blned steel and iron. Each of them is
only long enough to reach through two
plates, and the screws which Join the
third, fourth and fifth plates to the first
are never directly under any other
screws, SO that there is no chance for a
burglar to bore down through a row of
screws. The plates are also drawn very
close together, for if any space was left
between them q safe blower might sue
Coed in getting his dynamite into it. !
Between the interior and exterior
walls Of the safe o large amount Of by.
draulic cement, combined with other in |
gradients, usually according to a secret
recipe. is packed solidly. In case of fire
the theory is that the water in the &C.
m~ent--about % per cent-will, owing
to the beat Of the outside covering, be-
Come steam, partially, at least, and be
driven close to the inner wall. Here it !
will remain and furnish q blanket i'm
pervious to heat. All the bolts are cylin-
dricai al, from al inch up t o two inches
in diameter.
a. Combination locks are now used ex. !
clusively. The mechanism of most Of
them is extremely simple. In one lock
there are 9 nuHmber Of round brass disks
or numbers. each pivoted at the cen
ter on a small shaft which runs through
the safe door and connects with the lock
knob; Each tumbler has a slit in it Just
the size Of the steel arm which controls
the bolts and reaching nearly back to
the center: When all these Sits are to-
gether and pointing in exactly the same
direction the arm slips into them and
the bolts can be thrown. But if the slit
in a single one Of the tumblers is even
a thousandth Of an inch out of line the
arm will not slip back The disks are
set a short distance apart and small
screws with big heads are fastened at
random over them. AS these strike to-
gether in turning the tumblers whirl,
and a man might turn the lock knob a
thousand years without once getting the
Sits in all the tumblers together. But
the man who knows just how far to
turn one way and then how far back
again according to the combination nun
bers has no trouble at all
The combination and numbers are cas-
lily changed by changing the screws in
the disk. Many Of the best safes and
vaults are now being provided with
time locks. Two and sometimes three
clocks are inclosed in glass cases just in
side Of the safe door. When the door is
locked, no N can open it again until
the clock hands have travelled the set
distance around the dial and touched a
little trigger which releases the bolts.
More than one clock is used, SO that if
one runs down the others will go on and
perform their duty. In the big banks
the vaults are closed about 8 O'Clock in
the evening and set to open o little be-
fore 9 o'clock in the morning. 1t is a
general impression that an expert bur.
glar can open a combination lock by lis.
tening to the clicking sounds, but deal
ers say it Is not possible for any one t.
do it. II a safe owner forgets his com
bination, the safe has to be bored into