Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1895-06-07
THE MODERN SAFE.
AN UP TO DATE FlREPRooF AND
6uRcLAT PROOF DEPOSITORY.

Manufacture-Loeks with Simple Mech
anism That Are Extremely Hard 70 Open
IL You Don't Know How.
The latest burglar proof safes and
vaults are magnificent specimens of
skillful workmanship. Although the
doors often weigh tons, they swing as
easily On their hinges as window shut
ter. After the first great door is thrown
back and displays its glittering array Of
bright locks, rs glass incased clocks
and its smooth steel bolts there is an
other door almost as strong, with bolts
and locks of its own. When this is open
| it reveals three other doors. The upper
two are of thin steel and have no locks.
Only papers and books are to be kept in
the little pockets or pigeonholes which
they inclose.
Under them and shutting in the cash
drawer there is the third door with its
own lock and bolts. In this safe the
size of the cash repository bears about
the same relation to the size Of the
whole safe as a pumpkin seed does to
the pumpkin. And il is not only burglar
proof but flreproof-warranted, in fact,
TO stand for at least 75 hours the great
est amount of heat that any burning
building could give it.
The making of a safe Of this kind Is
complicated and expensive operation.
All the steel used comes in the form of
plates from the works. After having
the necessary screw holes bored in them
they are heated to a high temperature
and then tempered by suddenly immers-
ing them in water. When they come out
they arc often o little twisted and
warped, and have to be rolled cold and
sometimes polished clean by swiftly
moving emery wheel The noise of this
operation is ear splitting and so rasping
that man with ordinary nerves can
hardly endure it. When the plato is per-
fectly level it is transferred to another
machine, where it is clamped tight, and
an emery wheel shaves off the edges
The plates are now put together, first
one Of hard steel, then one Of wrought
| iron or soft steel, and so on until the
necessary thickness is obtained. From
the iron the safe receives its tenacious
| qualities-it cannot be cracked or bro
ken as easily as steel, and the steel i'm
parts hardness that defies the burglars
drill The screws are also made of COM
bined steel and iron. Each Of them is
only long enough to reach through two
! plates, and the screws which join the
third, fourth and fifth plates to the first
are never directly under any other
screws, so that there is no chance for q
burglar to bore down through a row Of
screws. The plates are also drawn very
close together, for if any space was left
between them safe blower might suo-
| coed in getting his dynamite into it.
Between the interior and exterior
walls of the safe large amount of hy-
draulic cement, combined with other in
gradients, usually according to a secret
recipe, is packed solidly. In case Of fire
the theory is that the water in the CO.
ment-about 43 per cent-will, owing
to the heat of the outside covering, be-
come steam, partially, at least, and be
driven close to the inner wall Here it
will remain and furnish blanket inn
pervious to heat. All thebolts are cylin-
drical and from an inch up to two inches
in diameter.
Combination locks are now used ex-
clusively. The mechanism of most OF
them is extremely simple. In one lock-
there are a number of round brass disks
or ''tumblers," each pivoted at the GEN.
ter ON a small shaft which runs through
the safe door and connects with the lock
knob. Each tumbler has a slit in it Just
the size of the steel arm which controls
the bolts and reaching nearly back to
the center. When all these Sits are to-
gether and pointing in exactly the same
direction the arm slips into them and
the bolts can be thrown. But if the slit
in single one Of the tumblers is even
thousandth of an inch out of line the
arm will not slip back. The disks are
set a short distance apart and small
screws with big heads are fastened at
random over them. AS these strike to-
gether in turning the turnblers whirl,
and man might turn the lock knob
thousand years without once getting the
Sits in all the tumblers together. But
the man who knows just how far to
turn one way and then how far back
again according to the combination num-
bers has no trouble at all
The combination and numbers are cas-
lily changed by changing the screws in
the disk. Many of the best safes and
vaults are now being provided with
time locks. Two and sometimes three
clocks are inclosed in glass cases just in
side of the safe door. When the door is
locked, no one can open 1t again until
the clock hands have travelled the set
distance around the dial and, touched
little trigger which releases the bolts.
More than one clock is used, so that If
one runs down the others will go ON and
perform their duty. In the big banks
the vaults are closed about o'clock in
the evening and set to open little be-
fore o'clock in the morning 1t is a
general impression that an expert bur-
glar can open a combination lock by lis
teping to the clicking sounds, but deal
ers say it is not possible for any one to
do it. If safe owner forgets histcom-
bination, the safe has to be bored into
There is no other way of opening it
Chicago Record
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