davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
Greatest Refrigerator in the World.

Perhaps the greatest refrigerator IN
the world is that in the Royal lnstitu-
ton, London, where Professor Dewar
has been giving his lectures to young
people. The professor has been show
ing the youngsters some wonderful
things, among others liquehed air.
To produce liquehed air You must
have a temperature of something like
$40 degrees below zero, which ought
to be cold enough for even the polar
bears at the Zoo. One sharp young.
ster asked the professor what II cost
to liquefy air, bat the professor appar'
emily was afraid to nswer him, ID
though the cost has not been betrayed
by the institution itself, but by some
generous friends of science. Ire
mendous exhausting engines and
massive air-compressing machines are
used. The color Of liquid air is a pale
blue, and when a drop OF IT Is put on
the surface of water, 1t dances around
like a drop of water on a red-hot IRON
because the surface of the water J.
much hotter than rel-hot iron com
pared to the temperature OF the lique-
fed air. Finally, the drop OF air
freezes a little cup Of ice in the water,
but it soon evaporates, as the ice IS 60
hot that it causes the drop to boil.
Liquid air is not a handy thing to
carry around in the vest pocket. II
will remain liquid for forty hours II
great precautions are taken. II must
be put in a Theoretically sealed bottle,
which is inclosed in another vessel, so
that the air surrounding the inner
bottle is completely exhausted; the
inner vessel must also have q co1tins
of mercury around ito form a mirror,
so that any radiant heat will be re
fected back. Oxygen, when liquihed'
seems to lose all its properties OF pro
noting combustion. At such @ tenn
perature as $50 degrees below zero all
chemical action seems 10 stop; 1t Is a
'sfreeze out" as it might be termed.
If PHOSPHORUS is putin liquid oxygen
il will not burn. C%uriously enoayh.
liquid air is highly magnetic, AMI vii
Jump to a magnet as if 1t we're drop
of molten iron.-Detroit Free Press,
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
when Their Sting is Fatal.

A Vienna scientist has made 2 series
of interesting experiments with the
virus of such insects as bees and wasps,
and comes TO the conclusions that the
effectiveness of the irritating sub
stance depends largely upon the mood
Of the insect. A drop of the fluid
taken from the poison-bag on dead
hornet, for instance, produces a slight
itching, but nothing resembling the
inflammation caused by a hornets sting
with a much smaller quantity Of the
same virus. This theory is supported
by the curious fact that under the in
duence OF rage the saliva Of all sorts
Of otherwise harmless animals can be-
come virulent enough to produce
alarming and even fatal symptoms.
Death by blood poisoning has more
than once resulted from the bite Of o
wounded squirrel, a chipmunk or 3
Gagged cat. American Register.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
CURIOUS FACTS.

The shake is q thing OF the past in
the French Army.
Gauze is believed to have this name
because it was first made at GAIA.
Lawn is fine linen bleached on the
lawn instead of the ordinary drying
ground.
As a leaper the kangaroo is ahead of
all 1t readily jumps from sixty to
seventy feet.
The first finger is sacred 10 Jupiter,
and is supposed to indicate the nobler
elements of character.
Five hundred thousand men are es-
timated to ride in the elevators OF
New York City every day.
The public executioner OF Austria
wears a pair of new white gloves every
time he carries out a capital sentence.
In Chinese the letter ''i' has 145
ways of being pronounced, and each
pronunciation has a different mean
ing.
The London and Northwestern Rail
road passes through more than half OF
the ffty-three counties Of England
and Wales.
Most of the school states come from
Pennsylvania, where there are large
slate duarries. Some come from Yer
mont and Ohio.
An odd collection is that of n of
the county officials of Maine, who has
gathered feathers from almost every
kind of bird hat flies.
Only one-fourth of the American
shipping is engaged on the high seas,
se~venty-seven per cent. being river,
lake and coasting trade.
The C~hautauqua salute, waving a
white handkerchief, was first given Mt
the request of Chancellor Vincent, as
a greeting to q deaf mute.
A man who died q short time ago at
Berlin, n. Y, left a dairy which he
began when eighteen years old and
continued for fftv-two years.
A French priest stationed at Jerusa-
lem has been the fortunate finder OF
ga talent of the time of King David"
1t was unearthed in his dooryard.
A French fisherman who threw his
line into the Seine Canal, near st.
Dennis, on December 90, got hold OF
a package containing l78 railway
konds worth 800. 600.
Growing b%lackberries and mnsh-
rooms, by law, are not private prop
erty in England. One may be prose
cuted for trespass on land where they
grow, but not for theft IN taking
them.
During the Franco russian war the
Germans fred 80, 600, 900 rifle cart
tridges and 1863, 900 charges of artil-
lery, killing or MORALLY woundlng
1900 F~renchmen, showing that 4OO
shots are required to kill or MORALLY
wound one maj.
The statue on the dome of the Capt.
tol at Washington represents Free
dom. 1t is nineteen feet six inches
high and weighs 1885 pounds. 1t
was modelled by Thomas Crawford, an
American sculptor, who died IN 1891.
1t was put in position IN 1860.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
H. Wound Scn Himself Tor His Family.

A most extraordinary incident, IN
licative. mo- doubt, of the desperate
state oi mind 10 which many have
been reduced 10y the prevailing hard
times. occurred at Emergency Hos
pital. A man about forty-ive years
of age called at the hospital and asked
TO see the superintendent or physician
I'm charge. When that functionary
wss called and inquired the strangers
business. the man said
INV name - Albert Stoner. l am
a painter by trade, and have a family
dependent ON me 40 Flint. l have been
ont of work for a long time, though l
have sought It constantly and done
ANYTHING and everything that was Of
fereI To- me. which was very little.
Nv family are now reduced 70 very
strtteued circumstances, and want
10 sell you my body for SD for DIS
sectlng purposes.
The doctor was astonished at the
novelty of the proposition, and said
facetiously that the hospital might
have to wait a good while before the
goods were delivered.
..Not mt all, replied Mr.. Stoner.
..Just as soon as I find that the money
has reached my family 1 viii commit
suicide and leave an order that my
body be given to You.
II the doctor had been asJonished
before. he was much more SO at the
last remark OF Mr.. Stoner, and began
TO suspect that be was dealing with q
lunatic. But though he applied the
usual tests IN the long conversation
which followed, he was unable to de-
tect the slightest ALTERATION of mind,
except that Mr.. Stoner had brooded
So LONG over his inability to provide
Inns family with the necessities OF life
that he had become desperate, and had
lost sight of the fact that be was ask
inc the doctor % become "a murderer
or murderer's accomphce. Detroit
Free Press.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
Economy of 4 Mix Diet.

Aside from the physiological con-
siderations the economy ola milk diet
is not the least among its advantages,
as compared with beef. In the for
mer there is no bone, as in meat, NOR
waste in trimmings, and, though the
amount Of bone IN meat varies 1t Is
rarely less than eight per cent. in
the neck and brisket of beef, for IN
stance, it is about ten per cent, while
in the shins and legs 1t amounts TO
one-third or even one-half the total
weight. Again, milk requires no
cooking, hence Is always ready for
consumption at a moments notice,
and without being subjected to waste
and shrinkage. The ordinary per-
centage of loss in boiling beef Is TWEEN
tv per cent. /; IN baking. tventy-nine
per cent, and the roastingprocess in
wolves fully thirty-one per cent. ; true,
this loss arises partly from the evapo-
ration of water, as we'll as the melting
down and escape of fat, and the
destructive action of heat-whatever
loss. however, IS thus occasioned, has
no counterpart IN milk.--Boston Gull
tivstor.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
Heat Produces Cold.

It is a rather curious fact that it
takes heat to produce cold. Twenty
million tons OF coal will make 2OO,-
900. 900 tons of ice. A lecturer OF the
Institute of Civil Engineers the other
dav gave me some interesting facts
about artificial refrigerators. He
claims that English engineers have not
been able TO produce as good a refrlg-
orator as foreigners, and that the
chief machines now in use are OF
foreign make. One firm alone since
1884 has made over 500 tons OF ice a
dav. The number of machines at
present in use can make about 2OO,-
600. 900 tons of ice in a year, and by
means of refrigerators and cold air
machines 2,500,0 600 sheep were
brought to England in a frozen state
from New Zealand last year.-SaD
Francisco Examiner.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
POPULAR science.

In Australia many horseshoes are
now made of cowhide instead Of iron.
The Medico-Legsl Society OF New
York proposes to make a scientific in
vestigation of ~sc-calied s~riritualistle
phenomena.
Molds differ from bacteria, accord
ing to Professor FARMLAND, IN their
action, and produce an oxidation, or
burning mp, instead OF fermentation.
Audubon estimates that two blue
jays and their five young require for
food in 100 days %, 900 insects that
are harmful to fruit and food plants.
The simplest way to tell iron from
steel is to pour on the metal a drop of
nitric acid and allow it to act for L
minute. On rinsing with water a
grayish-white stain will be seen If the
metal Is iron. a black n if it is steel.
Underground photography has re-
Gently made such progress that min
ing engineers are now able to illus
trate their report with pictures show
ing the exact appearance of lodges,
ore-bodies and other features OF I'M
portance.
II has heretofore been almost i'm
possible to make large castings OF
aluminium, but the difficulty has now
been so far overcome that pure alum
mum bathtubs are made IN a SIN
ole niece. One of these tubs weighs
but 140 pounds.
Saccharine, the new sw~eetening sub
stance extracted from coal tar, is now
used for preserving fruit. 1t Is
claimed that the fermentation that
often results from the use of sugar is
thus avoided, and that the new process
preserves the flavor, color and form Of
the fruit better than the old
The first practical system OF towing
canal boats by electricity has Just
been inaugurated on the B~ourgogne
Canal, connecting the Seine aud
Saone Rivers, France. The power Is
furnished by water falling from slulces
at the two ends of the canal, and the
current is made steady by g OF
| storage batteries. The trolley system
is used.
DIR. Zergler, a German scientist, If
Of the opinion that it will be possible
30 predict the weather by means oil
photographs of the sun far more accu-
rately than by a study of the baron
| eter. Circular or eliptical halos
around the orb of day indicate violent
storms, especially if the hGlos are
| dark in tint or of a large diameter.
Lightning and magnetic disturbances
may also be expected from these
signs.
To pick out other aerial distances it
may not be generally known that q
frigate bird can travel at the rate OF
100 miles an hour by chronograph,
and live in the air a week at R time,
day and night, without touching a
roost that large and heavy birds can
remain almost motionless in air for
hours without Tapping their wings;
that birds can exert continuously
about three times the horse power q
pound of weight that man can, and
about the same mount more than .
horse can
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
Fashions Among the Cowboys.

Strange to say, fashions change on
the plains Just rs they DO in other
parts OF the world. This is where
many writer's have left a wrong i'm
preston on the Eastern mind. In
stead OF being tough, the cowboy Is
quite a dandy in his own way. Just
now a silk or French flannel shirt,
long boots with high heels, and trous-
ers worn over them and turned up,
not because it is raining In the me-
tropolis of Great Britain, but owing
to the damage inflicted by sharp
rowell on woven cloth. Silvermounted
spurs are considered fitting wear on
the Little Missouri. Next season it
may be different.
Some few years back it was deemed
e~minently proper to affect a red neck
scarf of silken fabric, but none OF the
leading society men on the range now
wear any neck handkerchief. Then
saddlery changes somewhat. The old
fashioned low horn has given place to
the high Visalia tree, and the ordinary
rein to the single-knottel relns fully
six feet long, one of which the cautious
cowboy never let's go of, even when
chucked. Some use a single cinch
faddle, popularity known as a centre
fire." but for roping cattle, or doing
hard work with the rope, a back cinch
keeps the saddle IN place. Bits have
likewise varied during the last decade,
and now the varieties most often seen
are the Logan and Government bits,
the former with a high, narrow port,
and the latter with a low port and
long cheeks. The older spade and
ring bits are going out Of use.-Bos-
ton Herald.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
The Poisoning Works.

The Chancellor of the State Uni
versitv of Kansas in his recent report
on the results of his scheme for eX-
terminating clinch bugs by turning
loose among them bugs infected with
a dangerous and contagious disease,
shows that in two-thirds of the cases
the plan worked 20 admiration. Last
wear be sent out 700 packages of dis
eased bugs to various farmers, who
turned them loose on their farms. He
saws that the only difficulty IN the
wav of the entire determination ofthe
pests is that many of the farmers OF
the State viii not take the trouble TO
use the remedy, and SO a farm from
which the chinch bugs are cleaned out
soon overruu with them again from
the neichboring farms.-New Orleans
Picayuue.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04

Its efficacy, may be better understood
by the following: In the mailbag
lock now IN use there are twenty-five
different pieces, the production Of
which requires fifty separate opera
tions, and IN the letter boxes used
there are twenty pieces, needing pro-
portionately as many operations for
their production. As an adjunct TO
this department there is an admirably
equipped machine shop with lathes,
shaDers, milling machines, planners,
drill presses, Hlotting machines.
benches and machinists sufficient TO
do cuy sort of work needed. Detroit
Free Press.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
A Novel Fire Alarm.

A novel fire alarm has been pro
duced in France. 1t consists OF 2
hollow sphere OF aluminium supported
at one end of an arm, with q counter
poise at the other end, and two being
arranged to balance at the ordinary
temperature and pressure OF the air.
The apparatus is not sensitive enough
to record natural changes Of pressure.
etc, but if some unusual cause, such
as fire, or even a large accumulation o.
coal gas in the atmosphere, disturbs
the specific gravity Of the air, the ball
drops and rings an electric alarm IL
falling.-New York Telegram
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
The Mirage.

Mirage IS q phenomenon extremely
common at sea in certain localities,
especially in high ATTITUDES, AMI some
times also witnessed on land, plrtlcu-
larly in Lower Egypt, Persia, Tirtary,
the western plains OF America, aad on
the margins OF rivers OF lakes, or Oh
the seashore. Under il ? classed the
appearance of distant objects az double,
or as if suspended in the air, erect or
inverted. Generally, when a ship Is
above the horizon, only n imsge,
and that inverted, IS found brit when
it is wholly or in great part below the
horizon, double images, q erect ana
the other inverted, are frequently
seen.-Yankee Blade.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
The Judge Had His Doubts.

In arguing a point before a Judge Of
the Superior Court, Colonel Folk, Of
the Mountain Circuit in North Caro-
lima, laid down a very doubtful propo-
sition of law. The Judge eyed him q
moment and queried: "Colonel Folk.
do you think that is law?" The col
onel gracefully bowed and replied /;
''Candor compels me to say that / do
not. but 1 did not know how it would
strike your honor" The judge delib-
Grated a few moments and graveiy
said: THAT may not be contempt of
court, but it is a close shave. "-Argo-
naut.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04

The owl is hated 10y all birds.
Where one Is discovered by other day
loving species they subject 1t TO the
1irsst prosecutions. Owls could
scarcely live as a d~ay-lovins bird IN
der the present order of things. 1t
would be driven from the earth; and
snnDosinr II took on gradually its
thieving habits for a living, 1t has had
10 love darkness rather than light be-
cause of these evil deeds. AT any rate,
tine naked fact seems to be that night
workin- creatures can generally see
well in the daylight when they want
to-New York Dispatch.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
A Company Of Big Men.

The distinction Of having the great
st number Of tall men in one com
oany belongs TO the First Battalion Of
he Scots Guards. The "A" or right
tank company of that battalion has
Dver ninety men on Its roll, and their
Iverage height is six feet two and a
luarter inches. There are two men
n the company over six feet four
inches, and one stands slightly over
ix feet seven incnes. No individual
member Of the company is less than
TX feet in height. London Court
Journal.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04
POPULAR SCIENCE.

Satisfactory gas pipes are now made
OF Manila paper, coated with asphalt.
Edison claims to have in his labora-
tory every substance, organic or inor-
ganic, in the world.
The Philadelphia Board of Health
has refused to declare consumption to
be a contagious disease.
BY the invention Of awoman, threads
are nov cut IN watch screws that are
finer than a human hair.
Turtle doves when they appear to
kiss are only propelling half-digested
food from n mouth into another.
About the thinnest thing in the world
is the film OF a soap bubble, OF which
it would take 80, 600, 600 to measure
an inch.
The sticky, sweet, high-smelling fluid
secreted by the ''honey ant" of Mexico
is used as food and also for medicinal
purposes, especially in diseases OF the
eye and ear.
The late Frederick Schwatka found
the temperature on Burk's Great Fish
River, Arctic regions, to be seventy
one degrees below the zero of the Fab
yenheit scale.
4 process of forming artificial whale
bone from animal hair, consisting in
subjecting the hair to a %softening bath,
then to a bath OF acetic acid, and,
finally, placing the mass under great
pressure, has been invented.
An electric company in Boston have
the most original designfor a calendar
ever issued. 1t represents a pug dog
who will at command set up on a desk
and present to a visitor the business
card of the firm. which is held in the
teeth of the dog.
A new soap recently introduced in
France contains ground glass and emery
of different degrees of ~fineness, and is
recommended for polishing iron and
wood and for all the usual purposes of
sand and emery paper. 1t may be used
either dry OF alter having been damp
ened.
A pound of rice is shown by chem
ical analysis to contain Sc. 09 per cent.
of nutritive matter. The same guam
tity of wheat contains S2.54 per cent. (;
rye, 50. 70 per cent. ; oats, 74.2 per
cent. ; corn, S2.97 per cent. (; potatoes,
%. "a per cent. /; fat beef, 1903 per
cent. lean beef, 26. SO per cent.
Columbia College, New York City,
has organized what it calls the Elec-
trical Workers University Extension
Society. A course of ten lectures has
been arranged to take place IN the
Cooper Union, while President Seth
Low has agreed to contribute $1,000 to
the expense of the course, to which no
admission fee viii be charged.
Professor Edwin ]. Houston says
that one of the achievements of the
future in electrical development is the
device for looking into a receiver at
one end of a metallic wire and seeing
therein afaithful reproduction OF what
ever poetical imaginations are i'm
pressed on a persons memory at the
other end, even though 1000 miles
apart.
Professor Falb, of Berlin, prophesies
a very probable collision between the
earth and the comet of 1866 on No
vember 10, 1899, when the comet will
cut the point where the earth arrives
every wear at that time. But he does
not think harm could come of such
collision, the material of the comet be-
ing so light, unless the carbonic acid
gas, of which it is probably composed,
should poison our atmosphere. But,
anyway, he says we may look for a
magnificent shower of meteors on that
1ota
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1895-09-04

most extraordinary magnitude are
made as to who shall cut his op-
p%onent's string. - San Francisco
Chrnnicle.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1895-03-13

FOR THE WEEK ENDING Men. II.
The outlook for general revival III business
has not been SO promising for many months as
Mt the present time. FoE slle nast ten day there
has been a steady increase f5fs in line OF goods
with better feeling as regards to values.
Wheat advanced rapidly to-day, which caused
further rise in Flour, the actual advance be-
ing from 2o925e over a VT elk ago Pork and
Lard are also very firm and higher Sugars are
strong and prices Use above last week, with u
good jobbing demand. Coffees lrmer and tend
ing upward Teas quiet and UNCHANGED. Seeds
active, firm and higher. Beans show further
rise of nearly 10c. Apples dull and unchanged.
Eggs in liberal supply and considerably unset
tied at 18G2oc for the best. Cheese quiet and
firm Cubebs 37tQ40c. Turpentine higher at
41@o1c. In Produce, jobbers report a good
trade, Linseed and Boiled Oil steady The
coal market is rather quiet; prices weak. Fresh
Beef steady sides at 712@s1ac y tb, kinds ga
12c.fores b1a961ac. rounds and tanks SaS1ac C..
rump and loins 10@15e. backs re, rattles sc;
round hogs 6G64sc; lambs s99c. mutton z ~
Csc. Fresh fish are steady; iohbing at 21a a
Sc v tb for Cod and Haddoek. 2@3c for Hake,
21sc for Cusk lac for Hallbut HOLSTERS are
higher, jobbing at Sc p ID for boiled; live SC
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1895-03-13
Boston Proauce Market

BOSTON. Mich. H. 1se5.-The following are
to-uavs quoIaJlons of Provisions. Produce etc.
MEATS.
Pork, cuts and backs 4 90: lean lends, 30.
Ribs. fresh. sac; sausage, 71a; do meat, 61ac
Iiams, 9I2 u1019c. bacon, 10c.
Tongues pork, S17: do beef 10 SO Id Dbl.
Lard, ties, ia C ;pail, 7M dSAc; If, 91sG1o.
Hogs, dressed, city, 614c " III: country, 512c.
Peef, cured, So 5O@lo 5O beef hams, $40,
Beef fresh. hinds 79111ac; fores, 4G51zc,
lambs. East, S091ac Western, o(@91ac.
Turkeys, Northern. nom: Western, 2'al31sc.
Chickens, Northern. 15@1Sc: Western, 1918.
Fowls, Northn, l3@I5c; Western, 9@11c.
Geese, North'n, ln@12c; Western, 991lc.
Ducks, Northn, West, lo912c.
PRODUCE.
Butter. cream. best, 221n3c; other, 2O62lc.
Butter, dairy, best. l9G20c; other. 15@17c.
Butter, crmy. imitation, l6a17c; ladle. l2@i3c.
Cheese North, BEST IL IA n11s4 c:Wst. OI2@11.
Eggs. hennerv. choice, 16@17c: East 15@16c.
Eggs, Mich. 16c; Western, 16c.
Beans. pea. $500 u5 :mediuns, 1 90Gl 95.
Beans yell eyes, q / b@2 rs :red KIDD lO@2 20.
Beans. foreign, 75Gl 90, Cal. 2 1902 rs.
Hay. best,$14 506S15 slower grades, 81 O@14.
Straw, rye, 10 50@11 SO; cat. 50dSS.
Potatoes, Heb Me. e0f163c: other soc.
Potatoes, Rose, Me, zoe; other. 65c.
Potatoes. Burbank. 80 white star, 60c.
Potatoes, 7 Z l, Chenangoes hS@30c.
Apples. Baldwins. 3 O0a3 25.No IS l 5OG2 So
Apples. Greenings.2 so ass 20 ;No2, 1 5O@S2.
Cranberries S12@$13 " Dbl.
FISH.
hloaters. Nor S3a@S35; native S24.
No l. $l8@$2 =; No 2, $t?@lS % bbl
large. No 8, 500 90, small, nom.