davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Hurt on the Cable.

Willie Knapp, aged fourteen, had his
left collar bone broken about p. m.
yesterday, by falling between the trail
er and grip car of a cable train at
Fourth and Wabasha streets. The boy
was trying to jump upon the platform
of the trailer. The fender of the car
threw him to the side of the track. He
was sent to his home, 1886 Minnefaha
street. Willie is the son of John G.
Knapp, a canvaSSer.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
UNITY AND REFORM.
Movement Results in n Call for a
Convention.


SIOUX FALLS, S. D., Nov. 27.-
Secretary Huntley has issued call
for another meeting of the confer
ence of committees, to be held at
Mitchell on Dec. 10. This organiza-
ton, which was started a couple of
months ago at Huron, is made up
of committees from the different re-
ligious and moral reform organiza-
tions of South Dakota. The chair
man is w. II. Thrall. In the call
sent out is a recommendation that
Sunday, Feb. 2, 1896, be designated
as Christian Citizenship Sunday"
and that all pastors in the state hold
such services as will best foster a
higher regard for law and its en-
forcement on the part Of our Off
Gals and our citizens" The recon-
mendations are made irrespective
of party, denomination or factional
consideration"
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Drink Caused His Death.

Special to the Globe.
MOORHEAD, Mimi, Nov. IA
farmer named Timmel, living at Spring
Valley, came to Moorhead, got drunk,
bought bottle of alcohol and left for
home. He got up in the night to make
punch and accidentally split the al
cohol over the stove. The liquor
caught fire, burning him to death, as
we'll as destroying his house and barn.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
-HARRIsON,s CLOSE SHAVE.
PIucks Victory From Defeat In
the Billiard Contest.

In one of the most exiting games of
the tournament yet played. Harrison
defeated Thayer last evening by twelve
buttons over the handicap at the finish.
The score was: Harrison, 800; Thayer,
13S. All through. to the last hundred
it was Thayer's game. No one in the
large crowd could see how Harrison
could win when he had 101 to make
while Thayer had but "a but
tons to reach his limit. In the next
six innings with runs of 4S, Il, So and he
finished the game, Thayer getting but
% in the same innings. Thayer's best
run was 6; Harrison's 4S. This even
ing Klesser and Capen are the contest
ants. Should Klesser win Harrison
can only tie him for first place.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Caught BurgIing.

Special to the Globe.
BROOKINGS, S. D., Nov. 27.-Three
burglars were caught last night in the
act of robbing the postoffice. They
were betrayed by one of their own
number. The sheriff and eight of his
deputies surrounded the building be-
fore the burglars became alarmed, and
all were captured when they attempted
to eScaDe.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28

DIES MONIES, Iowa, Nov. 27.-Gen.
T.. NJ. Drake was given a royal recep-
was the founder and chief patron. It
was his first appearance at the uni
versity since his election as governor,
and the school turned out to honor him.
Addresses were made by the president
and several members of the faculty
and by the general.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
New Paper for Duluth.

DULUTH, Minn,. Nov. 27.-The
Times Cooperative Printing company
will file articles of Incorporation soon.
The company will publish a morning
newspaper, commencing Jan. 1, called
the Times. 1t will be a silver organ
and will be backed by the silver party.
r. c. Mitchell and R. d. Strong are
among the incorporators.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Last Boats of the Season.

ASHLAND, Wis, Nov 27-The lit
tie steamer Fashion sprung a leak
breaking ice in Chequamegon bay this
morning, endeavoring to keep the cham
mel open for the tugs and fleet which
will clear tonightThe tug Cooper is
now keeping the channel open for the
last of the boats
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
SarsapariIIa Sense

Any sarsapariIIa is sarsapa-
riIIa, True, So any tea is tea.
So any flour is flour But grades
differ. You want the best, It's
so with sarsapariIia, There are
grades. You want the best, If
you understood sarsapariIla as
well as you do tea and flour it
would be easy to determine.
But you don't. How should
you?
When you are going to buy
a commodity whose value you
don't know, you pick out an old
eStaDlISheG mouse 10 tfa0e with
and trust their experience and
reputation, Do so when buying
sarSapariiia.
Ayers Sarsapari!!a has been
on the market 20 years. Your
grandfather used Ayers. 1t is
4 reputable msdi%ine,
Thee ar, many satsapar!IIas'
fat oaIy o>s Ayers.
{ IT CURES.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
TO SUCCEED THURsTON.
Judge w. III. Kelly Becomes Union
Pacific Solicitor.

OMAHA, Nov. 27.-Judge William H.
Kelly was today officially appointed
general solicitor of the Union Pacific
railway company to succeed John M.
Thurston, who resigned in order to
take possession of his seat in the Unit.
ed States senate. Judge Kelly has,
been assistant general solicitor a num-,
ber of years. y
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
New Elevators at Ashland.

ASHLAND. Wis, Nov. 27.-A con-
tract has been let by Minneapolis par
ties to the Barnett & Record company,
of Minneapolis for the erection of a
new elevator here. 1t is said that
other elevators are to go up here. All
these improvements are set down as
the result of the new road to the Twin
Cities
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
follows:
Ex-CollegiateS.
Signed by Goodnow.

Dan Ially, Chic Fraser and Joe
Strauss were flashing big wads Of bills
yesterday in Minneapolis, and while
nothing has been given out it Is under
stood that 1t was advance money re-
ceiyed from the local management.
This news will he received with ap-
2roval oy the local fans. as it means
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Two Knots Tied.

Special to the Globe
VERNDALE, Mimi, Nov. q. - Ed
ward Staples, of Wadena, and Effie
MacDougal, of this city, were united
in marriage here tonight, Rev. Nc
Vettie, of Wadena, officiating. Chris
Franklin and Nora Paddleford, both
of Verndale, were also married here
this evening, Rev. Davis, Wadena, ty-
ing the knot
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Ready for the Regatta.

FOND DU LAC, Wis, Nov. 27-Pre-
parations are being made for the OPEN
ing of the ice boat season in this city
tomorrow. 1t is estimated that fully
forty boats will enter into the race,
which is scheduled to take place Thurs
day
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Pool Tournament.

Lamberson beat Nielsen last night in
the continuous pool handicap tourna-
ment in progress at the Washburn bill
lard rooms, the score being 100 to 50.
There will be two games today, one
this afternoon between Mason and
Campbell, and one in the evening be-
tween Hooper and McAndrewS.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Cheap Excursions via the ElAIapIe
Leaf51

On Dec. 18th the Chicago Great West
ern Railway will sell Homeseekers'
Excursion Tickets to nearly all points
in Arkansas, Indian Territory, Okla
homa, Texas, Louisiana, Kentucky, Ten
nessee, Mississippi and Southern Mis-
souri,. One fare, plus $500, for the
round trip. For full particulars call
at Maple Leaf Ticket Office, corner of
Fifth and Robert streets, st. Paul, or
Z Nicollet House Block. Minneapolis.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
THE PEOPLES FISH.
st. Paul Fishing Club Loses a Law
suit at Hudson, Wis,

suit at Hudson, Wis.
HUDSON, Wis, Nov. 27. - Judge
Bundy has just rendered a decision in
a famous fish case. Suit was brought
by the Willow River club, composed Of
st. Paul capitalists, who bought sew
eral hundred acres of land in this Vi
cinity for fishing purposes. Twelve
cases We're on the September term
against residents for fishing on private
grounds. Judge Bundy decided against
the club and holds that sit has been
the settled law of this country. ever
since the landing of the Pilgrim
Fathers, that the fish belong to the
state for the benefit of the people; that
the state planted trout in Willow
river, where the trespass occurred;
that the spawn was paid for by public
taxation and could be taken by the
public except as it was subject to the
rights of trespass; i. e., one entering
stream on a highway can, with boat,
or from the bed of the stream, angle
for fish if he does not trespass on the
banks or do damage. The decision
holds that the plaintiffs could not sue,
because not in possession.
These cases are the first ever decid-
ed on the points presented and pre-
sent interesting constitutional ques-
tions, which will probably be carried
by the st. Paul syndicate to the SUI
preme court for final adjudication. To.
days decision meets with general ap-
proval here.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Boen as n Journalist.

FERGUS FALLS, Mimi, Nov a.
Ex-Congressman H. E. Boen has
bought the Fergus Falls Globe, a Pop
ulist paper, for $3.50, and will devote
himself to journalism in the future.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
National Dnirymcn,s Association.

CEDAR RAPIDS, To-, Nov. G.-W. L.
Burridgc OF Chicago. secretary OF the
National Butter and Cheese Makers
association, has been in the city COM
pleting the details for the meeting of
that organization. which it has been
decided 10 hold in this city Feb. % to
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Bald Beat Them All,

SANTA ANNA, Cal, Nov. 2L-Bald
today took the first race, one mile
handicap, from Cooper, Randall, Wells,
Burke and Terrell in good shape, after
defeating seven men in his trial heat.
Cooper, by the best squirt he has made
in Southern California, came through
the bunch and finished eighteen inches
behind Bald.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Click in the Lend.

At midnight the score for seventy
two hours in the the siX-day walking
match in Minneapolis, stood as fol-
lows: Click, 274 miles, 10 laps; Hart,
273 miles, laps; Day, 21 miles, 2
laps; Hegelman, 253 miles, II laps;
Campana, 229 miles; Taylor, 220 miles,
laps; Hoaran, 203 miles.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Remember Dec. End.

The cheap excursion to New York City
via the Nickel Plate Road-only s1S for
the round trip-Good to return for ten
days Sleeping car berths may be re-
served in advance by addressing ]. Y.
Callahan, General Agent, Ill Adams
street, Chicago, Ill.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Strong for the New Road.

PIERRE, S. D., Nov. 27.-The rail-
road committee of this city held a
meeting last night and completed ar
rangements for attendance to the meet
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
Only $3.50,
Recention to Drnke.

A splendid secondhand upright pi-
ano-cost $3.50 S. w. Raudenbush &
Co., No. IA West Sixth Street.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
DAYTON,s BLUFF KICKERS.
Football Team Picked for Il Game
Today.

The young men on Dayton's bluff
have organized two foot ball teams and
a game will be played at 10 today at
the Post Siding brick-yard grounds.
The teams are made up as follows:
Congregational. Methodist.
pnlI q Ped nd YalI0W
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28

that these three popular players will
be with Minneapolis in 1896, If not
drafted.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
FOOTBALL IN MINNEAPOLIS.
Game Scheduled to Be Played at
the Park Today

the Park Today
This morning at the Minneapolis
Athletic park there will be a football
game between the state university
eleven and the ex-collegiates for the
benefit of the free kindergarten system
in Minneapolis. Already large num-
Der of boxes and tickets have been sold
for the game, and it is expected that
the affair will be largely attended. The
veterans expect to be able to hold their
own with the varsity men, so that a
reasonably close struggle may be ex-
pected. The game will be called at IL
O'Clock. The teams will line up as
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
HER CARGO ON FIRE.
amburg-Americnn Liner GaIicfn
Puts Into Boston

BOSTON, Nov. 27.-The Hamburg
American line steamer Galicia, from
New Orleans for Hamburg, has put
in here with her cargo on fire.
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28
(GtiCura
THE GREAT
SKIN CURE
Works wonders i'm cur
ing torturing, disfigur-
ing diseases of the skin
and scalp, and especially
baby humors.
CUTIcURA REMEDIES are Of the utmost purity and
decacy and especially appeal to the refined in every
community. POTTER DRUG CHEs. CoRP., Sole
Props. Boston. u. =. A.

ing at Minneapolis on Dec. II. A large
and enthusiastic delegation will be
sent
St. Paul daily globe., 1895-11-28

The above telegram was shown to
several members of the Willow River
club last night, but as the legal mat
ters have been left in the hands of the
clubs attorney in Hudson little light
was thrown on this new phase of the
case. The suits brought by the club
against a number of individuals for
trespass involve, among other things,
the right to catch fish in meandered
streams.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23
SPECIAL BUSRESS ITEMS.

Per S. S. Monowai, from the
Coast. Honolulu December Doth.
Camarino's Refrigerator, contain
ing a full supply of ice house
goods, such as Fresh Frozen Poul-
try, Oysters. Fruits Grapes of
all kinds, Peaches, Pears, Apples,
Cranberries Caulifiower, Celery,
Nuts, Dried Figs, etc.
CALIFORNIA FRUIT MARKET
Telephone 37S.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

THE, SIN GER receiv e d
"a first awards for sewing ma
chimes and embroidery work at
the Worlds Fair, Chicago, ILL.,,
being the largest number Of
awards obtained by any exhibitor
and more than double the num-
Der given to all other sewing ma
chimes. For sale, lease and rent.
Repairing done
B. BERGERSEN, 113 Bethel
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

Bedroom Sets, Wardrobes, Ice
Boxes, Stoves, Hanging Lamps,
ChiffOniers, Steamer and Veranda
Chairs, Bed Lounges, Sofas, Baby
Cribs, Clothes Baskets, Sewing
Machines, Whatnots, Meat Safes,
Trunks, Rugs, Bureaus, etc, sold
at the lowest Cash Prices at the
1. y. L., corner of Nuuanu and
King streets.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

a. j. Derby, d. d. S. Dental
Rooms 100 Alakea St, between
Beretania and Hotel. Treatment
of dead teeth and roots a speciality.
Office hours, 8 a. m. to p. IN.
Tel. 615.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

THE RICHELIEU RESTAU-
RANT serves meals a la carte at
all hours. Cold luncheOns during
the evening a speciality.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23
NEWS BUDGET FROM MAUI
Report of Strange Schooner Causes
a Ripple.
Officers Chase the SmuggIer-Stray
ScribbIings-Honolul Visitors.
Return Of Residents.

MAUI, Dec. 21.-By far the most
exciting bit of news on Maui dur
ing the week was the reported APP
pearance of a smuggling schooner
off Lanai. On the 18th Deputy
Sheriffs Carter and Baldwin, two
captains of police and ten others,
making up a party of fourteen
men, took whaleboats at Lahaina
and sailed for Lanai for the pur-
pose of watching and capturing, if
possible, a schooner with opium
aboard. During that night the
smuggler appeared and made sig
nails by flashing lights, but as no
answer was returned from the shore
the schooner sailed away. The
party clay low" all day Thursday,
and on Friday morning a boat,
under the charge of Deputy Bald
win, intercepted the w. G. Hall
and sent word to Honolulu con-
cerning the course of events. On
Saturday morning, as Sheriff An
drews had heard nothing from his
deputies on Lanai, he chartered the
steam launch Mohea and sent it in
search of the party. The launch
met the boats containing the police
in mid-channel Just returning to-
Lahaina. The customs authorities.
in Honolulu, upon receipt of the
message by the Hall, Immediately
dispatched the tug Eleu, but failed
to find any trace of the schooner.
III STRAY sCRIBBLINGs.
IKula is famous for its fat tur-
keys. This year, as usual, during
the holidays, a large number have
been shipped to Honolulu. The
price OF a good-sized gobbler is
quoted at 50.
- 1t is reported that a game of
baseball will take place at Wailu-
ku during Christmas. Wailuku
and Makawao mines will cross bats.
Per the Claudine of Wednesday,
Mrs. Won Tempsky returned to
Maui after long visit in New Zea-
land. Her many friends are glad
to welcome her back.
Mr.. Van Dockam, Cor.sul of the
Argentine Republic to some city in
Denmark, is at Mrs. H. B. Bailey's,
MakawaO,
Charles Copp of Makawao has
returned to his old vocation and is
boiling sugar at the Wailuku mill.
A crayon artist advertises to il
lustrate evolution by means of a
"chalk talk" at Makawao, Decem-
Der 21st.
A new store has been established
at Kokomo, a branch, so it is re-
ported, of the Paia store.
Mrs. Roland Wilbur has just re-
turned to Hamakuapoko from
visit to her daughter, who is teach
ing school near Kailua, Hawaii.
During the week Father" Bal
ley of Oakland has been making
brief visit to Maunaolu Seminary.
The gentleman personally superin-
tended the construction of this
school some twenty-five years ago.
Mrs. w. O. Smith and two
daughters are guests of Mrs. II. P.
Baldwin, Haiku.
During last evening the Young
Ladies Dancing Club of Makawao
again came into social existence
and held a pleasant meeting at the
home OF Miss Eva Smith of Paia.
The Paia string band furnished
lively music and dancing con-
tinued until after II p. M.
Maui presents the compliments
OF the season TO Oahu, Hawaii and
Kauai.
No shipping items.
Weather: Pleasant, with heavy
trades blowing the most OF the
week.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

q. Il. Harrison. Practical Piano
and Organ Maker and Tuner, can
furnish best factory references.
Orders left at the Hawaiian News
Co. will receive prompt attention.
All work guaranteed to be the
same as done in factory.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

For bargains in New and Second
hand Furniture, Lawn Mowers,
Wicker Chairs, Garden Hose, etc,
call at the /. y. L., corner of Nuu-
anu and King streets.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23
Wild Swan Cricketeers.

The cricket match between teams
from the Wild Swan and the Ho-
nOlulu Cricket Club Saturday
afternoon resulted in a victory for
the former with a score OF ~ to 81.
Only the first innings was played
on account of the shortness OF the
afternoon. Some very good plays
were made. Messrs. Read and
Weston OF the Wild Swan and
Hatfield and Macintosh of the
Honolulus were the bowlers of the
day.
1t is understood that another
game will be played between the
teams on Christmas day.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

City Carriage Company have re-
moved to the corner of Fort and
Merchant streets; Telephone No.
113. First-class carriages at all
hours. JOHN :. ANDRADE.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

HAWAIIAN BOAT HOUSE.
Foot of Richards street.
Have fine pleasure boats of all
descriptions for rent by the hour
or day. Moonlight Boating Par
ties.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

New and Second Hand furniture
and all kinds of Second Hand
books, jewelry and diamonds
bought and sold. Contracts for
painting. CHAS. HAWKINS.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

When you wish to discontinue
housekeeping let Chas. Hawkins
bid on your furniture in its en-
tirety. 1t will avoid inconveni-
ence of selling in pieces or sale.
King and Alakea streets.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

Ed. Hopkins will bring "shute"
with him when he returns
from the Coast.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

Charles Hawkins makes esti
mates on all classes of painting
wall papering and upholstering
All work guaranteed. King and
Alakea streets.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

If YOU want to sell out your Fur
niture in its entirety, call at the
|. ". L.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

President Dole has received the
official announcement of the cleo
ton of Nicholas de Pierola to be
President ef Peru.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1895-12-23

No shipping items.
Weather:-Pleasant, with heavy
trades blowing the most Of the
week.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1895-10-24

"BRowE's BRONCHIAL TRocHEs" relieve Throat
lrri,Htions caused by cold of the voice The
genuine sold only in boxes.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1895-10-24

than those that are possible to vast number
of them now. (2) An enormous amount OF
the misery caused by poverty and by crime
would be avoided. Expert criminologists
have assured us that it is indeed for idle
hands that Satan finds mischief. l cannot
here enter into discussion of the psychicai
and neurological laws involved, but the re-
suit of every experiment made thus far shows
that work is the panacea for disease and per-
verted minds. 81 Housewives would be
trained to proper understanding of the bust
ness which they profess to carry on. Woman
has been divinely appointed to be home
maker. In an age when the most trivial pro-
cesses of life are being put upon scientific
bases it is not consistent that the most sacred
and beautiful of calings should be left to the
hands of any bungler. Our lives are so de-
pendent upon such very little things for their
sweetness and their usefulness J How can
one attain to serenity of heart and mind when
the last refuge-home-is made feverish by
continual worry and discord? AS modern
thought grows toward the perception and
understanding of how mind and body are in
terreated and interdependent we realize the
necessity for system of living that Will
minimize the awful nervous conditions that
attack our civilization. The worlds knowl-
edge of domestic economy should be synthe-
sized and classified and made accessible to
those upon whose loving intelligence the
weary children of earth are dependent for
comfort and rest. (4( The relations between
employer and employee would be put upon
rational business basis A sense of the dig
nifty of labor would be inculcated, and so
most of the friction which so wears upon our
domestic life would be avoided. There is no
logical reason why housewife should not re-
ceive from person in her employ the same
unfailing and unquestioning service that a
merchant receives from his clerk or banker
from his cashier And there is no logical
reason why the rights and limitations of a
domestic servant should not receive from her
employer the same courteous and conscien-
tious consideration that obtains In other
similar relations. The cause for the pres
ent unfortunate conditions appears plainly.
Domestic service has never been dignifed as
a profession or trade and until it is recog-
nized as such there is little hope for an i'm
proved state of affairs. The manual training
school distinctly insists upon and inculcates
the idea that cooking, washing, nursing sew
ing, are trades in exactly the way that horse
shooting and cabinetmaking are, and that
they are to take the same stand in the COM
mercial world; to be subject to contract, and
to be thoroughly performed as agreed, with
out extortion and bullying on the one hand,
and Sinking and INSTRUMENTATION on the
other.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1895-10-24
unfortunate

Cod-liver oil suggests
consumption, which is al
most unfortunate.
Its best use is before you
fear consumption; when
you begin TO get thin, weak,
run down then is the pru-
dent time to begin to take
care, and the best way to
take care is to supply the
system with needed fat and
strength. SCOTS Emulsion
of cod liver oil, with hypo-
phosphites, will bring back
plumpness to those who
have lost it, and make
strength where raw cod
liver oil would be a burden.
4 substitute =, = .,,4tsles TIE orig NAL.
sOsTr & Ds.'hE, cse.asts, New York SOC. and Si.oe