davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
A GEORGIA COTTON GIN.

for his own use, and farms the rest of the
place, or as much of 1t as he can, on
shares; and the extent of its cultivation
is usually governed by the character of
the land and the character of the land
lord.
To large extent the tenants to-day
are the same men and women who lived
upon the place as slaves; and they cult
vate the same soil as freemen that they
did in bondage, some of them being the
better and others the worse for the
change. And to remarkable degree the
same relations exist between the en-
ployer and the employed-the patriarchal
system of communism and dependence
which is often admirable, but sometimes
degrading and oppressive.
The uneducated negro is a thoroughly
domestic animal, and when he once forms
an attachment for a place it is difficult
to drive him away. Sometimes the rest
less, hayward ones wander off from the
old plantation and are gone for years, but
they will invariably claim a residence
there and usually come back sooner or
later, and expect to be taken on and given
work again. This rule applies only to
those pantat ions where the people were
well treated in slave times and since, and
where the property has been retained by
the same owners. Often when place is
sold, if the negroes do not like the APP
pearance or the behavior of the purchas-
err, they will evacuate in body and build
cabins upon the land of some kindlier
man in the neighborhood whom they
know, or who may be related to their old
master.
When the ties of personal attachment
are cut it does not take them long to move.
A couple of men can build n cabin in
three or four days with no tools but an
ak to hew and trim the wood and trowel
to handle the mortar in building the Chin
ney.
1t was also the rule for plantations up
on which there were hard masters TO be
entirely abandoned during the war, and
when emancipation came, and many of
them have never been repopulated. There
are many farms in the South upon which
no negro is willing to work for any wages
or under any conditions. Those farms
were the scenes of cruelties during slav-
cry and are curscd-taboocd forever. And
there are certain men who can never
hire negro labor. If negro should con-
sent to work for them he would be boy
cotted by his race; he would be turned
out of the church ah ostracized in every
way. The prejudices and the vindictive-
ness of the colored people are as deep
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

People sometimes complain that the
opera Is expensive. Why should II not
be? Paintings by Daublgny. Rousseau,
Vibert, Cain, Jean Beraud, Detti, ETC.,
are expensive, because they are excel
lent, and the possessors of the tech
nique required reproduce them are few
In number and know their own value.
There are very few composers who are
able to produce really great operas, AMI
they must be well paid. Then how
many vocal artists are there In tho
known world who are competent to
interpret the music? Do we appreciate
the enormous expenditure of time and
effort, the long, laborlous, uninterrupt-
ed training which the singers must go
through with, before audiences will lis
ten to them? This species of training,
too, demands the sternest and most
conscientious personal sacrifices.
There must be often q Spartan regi-
men, great forfeitures Of social pleas
ures, daily and unceaslng study and
practice, no matter at what cost Of
WEAKNESS, and often irksome labor.
All this must be accomplished while
the golden hours Of youth are fieetinS,
and without the sure promise of ulti-
mate success as an incentive. The at
tainment of renown as a singer Is like
the high prize in lottery, and after all
the aspirant may draw blank.
Even when fame is achieved, and In
the great cities Of both hemlspheres
the brow of the singer is crowned with
laurels, and Opulent managers outbid
each other In order to secure engage
ments, some unforeseen accident may
atonce destroy the entire fabric Of avail
ability so carefully constructed, Of
genius, muscal skill and capacity, dra-
matte fervor. and conscientious devo-
ton to art. Then the voice Is silenced
forever, and the singer lives only in
memory, while the income stops.
Even at the best the career of the
vocalist Is brief. The great lawyer or
physician often touches his zenith at
threescore, or perhaps threescore and
ten; a Gladstone retires only from
choice ut So; Bismarck is never great.
er than in old age; but what Of the sing
er when inexorable time attacks tho
vocal organs?-Mme. Melba, in Lippin-
colts Monthly.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

Macon, Ga. correspondence
The tenant system in the cotton belt is
unique. Before the war the agricultural
sections of the State were divided into
extensive 900, 1000, 5000
and sometimes 10000 acres, owned by one
man, under a single management, and
worked by gangs of slaves, male and fe-
male. directed by overseers, with field
hand" for every thirty or forty acres, ac-
cording to the wealth, or the generosity
of the master. Sometimes they would
work fifty acres to a hand, but that was
excessive cruelty, and such planters were
universally condemned. That system
meant 100 slaves for 3.000-acre planta-
ton, $50 or 100 for 5,00O-acre planta-
ton, and 800 or 400 slaves for 10000
acres. Nowadays much of the land is
allowed to lie idle. The owner retains
200 or 300 acres around his residence
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
A GEORGIA FAMILY AT HOME.

wants little more than cornmeal, bacon,
eggs, chickens and the vegetables of his
garden.
At the end of the season all the crop is
taken to the gin house-there is one upon
almost every plantation-where, after the
cotton is ginned, the landlord first takes
out enough to settle the store account and
his own bale or bales for rental Then
the tenant has what is left to dispose of
as he pleases. 1t may be five bales or
two or half bale, or there may be moth
ing whatever coming to him for the whole
seasons labor. With a good crop he
ought to harvest from six to ten bales on
a one-mule farm, with an ordinary crop
from four to six. but sometimes there is
failure and he finds himself in debt both
to his landlord and at the store. But If
there is any cotton the landlord gets it..
A bale of cotton averages 500 pounds and
the price at the gin house varies from 5
to Z cents pound.
Usually the colored tenant lets his cot
ton go with the rest. and receives his pay
when the landlord sells his own. 1t may
be in the winter, or perhaps in the spring
but it is a matter of faith. Sometimes
he sells out to his landlord at current
rates as soon as the cotton is weighed,
and sometimes he hauls his bales to town
one after another and gets what he can
for them.
All the family usually go to town to-
gether when the cotton money is due and
unite in the pleasure of it's disbursement.
They do not expect or intend to save any
thing. They will not go home as long as
penny remains. The old woman and
the girls want new dresses, shoes, hats
and bright ribbons. The old man wants
cloth for some new shirts or a pair of
shoes. He seldom buys hat or coat.
He gets those garments from his old mas
ter or his landlord. and as they are worn
on Sundays and holidays only they last
for years.
When the necessaries are purchased.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
A millionaire Anarchist.

There was a millionaire among the
anarchists recently expelled by the
Federal Council of Switzerland. He
was an Italian, named Borghetti. and
temporary resident at Lugano, the
great anarchist center in Europe. Borg
hetti is only % years old. He dressed
very simply, but kept open house for
bis Observation-Disclosures who frequent
ly had recourse also to his purse. Borg
hetti's father, who did not share the
anti-patriotic and anarchistic ideas Of
his son, used to hoist the Italian flag
on national occasions, but young Borg
hetti promptly replaced II with the red
banner of the revolutionists.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

A man can cultivate more than twice as
much land with two mules as with one,
because he has two or three Glands" to
help him, and their combined effort can
accomplish more than if they are working
independently. Men, women, boys and
girls work in the fields together, and they
pillow also with steers, cows and heifers;
but in estimating the rental nothing but
a mule or horse counts.
In addition to the land the tenant re-
ceives credit from his landlord, or from
some supply store upon the latters in
dorsement, to the extent of 81 month,
or S4S year, for every mule he works.
That buys his seed, his fertilizer, his
implements and tools and necessaries of
life, such as sugar, tea, coffee and tobac-
co for his family. The rest of his food
he is supposed to raise himself, and he
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
A Church ON Wheels.

The gospel ''push-cart" Is coming into
use in Australia. 1t Is eight feet long.
four feet wide. six feet high with the
canvas top down, and eight feet high
with 1t up. 1t Is carpeted, has an or
gan, chairs, and, one side being let
down, a platform Is made for the
speaker and the singers. 1t Is a little
portable chapel, lighted by electricity,
and moved about by three men or one
horse. The small wheels behind act
as sort of rudder. by which 1t can
be turned around the sharpest corner
In the narrowest alley.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

rooted as their attachments and their
loyalty.
But after emancipation a large ma
jority Of the slave population in the cotton
belt remained in the old cabins or built
new ones upon the old plantation, and
their children are now working the lands
their fathers and grandfathers titled, re-
cciving a share of the crop for their labor,
or rather, in the way they are pleased to
consider it, paying a share of their har-
vest to the landlord annually for ground
rent.
Some of the frugal and industrious ones
have purchased little farms from their
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

sylvania but about $50, when last heard
from. Next to Gotha 1t Is Milan whose
crematory Is put most largely to use.
Women there were but III out Of the
total 1,27S-a proof that woman, even
in death, keeps her dread of fire.
The crematory proper lies below the
ground and thirty steps lead to 1t.
There is furnace In which the gas
necessary for incinerating Is generated.
Adjoining is the small chamber, built
of brick, in which the coffin, with the
body, rests on CRATE. There Is pipe
conducting the gas into the crematory
and regulating apparatus permits the
increasing or the decreasing of the rate
at which the corpse is reduced to ashes.
The usual time required for the pur-
pose is 21a hours.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
On Steamers.

A new self-recording indicator,
marking mechanically every order sig
nailed from the bridge of steamer
to the engine-room, consists of a drum,
which revolves once in twelve hours,
around which Is placed a chart, con-
tanning column for each word of
command on the indicator in use. and
ruled to show the fraction of a min
ute. When the order Is given. 1t is
marked at one on the chart. The In
strument does away with the possi-
bility Of conflicting evidence between
the captain and engineer in cnso Of
Accidents. ..-H N. NJ m
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

and they are very few, the esthetic fancies
of the family run riot. Confectionery and
cologne are bought first. They may prop
erly be included with the necessaries of
life. Then they invest in tinsel jewelry
and bright-colored fans, photograph al
buns, for which they have no photo
graphs; books, with snowy bindings.
which they cannot read; clocks, from
which they cannot tell the time, and plas-
ter images, pillow shams, embroidered
counterpanes and fancy table cloths;
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
Fish.

Fish ought to be very plentiful and
cheap, and most of them grow and
increase without any care from man.
1t Is said that each founder, for in
stance, produces many millions OF
eggs. The sole produces 100000 OF
eggs, a plaice not less than 3,OO0.O 900,
while large turbot has been credited
with the deposition of 100000 or
1900. 900 eggs.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

old masters and are constantly adding to
their real estate. Some have shown such
ability and sagacity that they now own
the property on which they worked as
slaves-the entire plantation-aDd now
and then you hear of an instance where
one of these fortunate freemen has given
financial aid or home to his old master
or mistress or some member of their fam
lily who are not too proud to accept charity
from their former chattels.
have been told of a colored planter In
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
Where They Drink No Cold Water.

The Chinese are hardly ever seen to
drink cold water. Not that they drink
it on the sly, but that they prefer 1t
boiling hot and mixed with little tea
There Is a good and sufficient reason
for this preference, for the cities,
towns and villages In the Flowery
Land are kept in SUCH n dirty state
that the wells, rivers dnd other sources
of supply cannot escape being more or
less spoiled. 1t is only fair to the
''heathen Chinee" to add that. as a
rule, he drinks little intoxicating liq-
nor
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

ton. A remarkable
man In many ways
Is the ex-President
and ex-recelver of
the whisky trust
He barely missed
being a great man,
as greatness goesin
Wall street At one
I'll m e he seemed
destined to become
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
"Let the Shin Walk. !,

Every one who has been seasick will
appreciate this request of a child:
A passenger on board OF steamer
from Sydney to Melbourne overheard
a seasick little four-year-old girl say to
her mother: 20. mamma, please do
let the ship walk"
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

Excuse me, madame" said the pay
ing-teller, "but you have not endorsed
this check. If you will write your name
on the back OF 1t, 1t will be all right"
"Oh, Of course" said the little woman.
81 had forgotten" Then she endorsed
the check: Sincerely yours, Janette
Noteworthy ."-Harper's Bazaar.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
DIED TO SAVE OTHERS.

A Chicago Dog and His Seif-Sacri-
ficing Act of Heroism.
Jack, Scotch terrier, saved several
lives Monday morning, but he perish
ed. He died the death of a self-sacri-
ficing hero. and his master, John Ca
mus, buried him with honors near the
scene Of his exploit.
The Camus family live in two-story
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

bright-colored pictures in gilt or silver
frames and every variety Of article that
please the eye and the palate. Then,
when the cotton money II expended. the
entire resources Of the family are exhaust
ed. and the remainder Of the year they
live upon credit or upon little things they
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

Wipe the picture or with soft wet
cloth, no soap, and then rub them gent
ly with a raw potato. Potato does not
remove the varnish: II simply clesuses.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
Shadow Pictures.

Making silhouettes of the faces of
prominent men has become quite a
fad in France. Below are given a few
which may be produced after little
practice:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
HUMOR OF TIE WEEK


ODD, curious and Laughabis Phases
Of Human Nature Graphically Por-
trsyed By Eminent Word Artists OF
Our Own Day-A Budget Of Fun.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

frame house. Jacks bunk was In a
corner Of the kitchen. Sunday night
lamp was left burning on the kitchen
table. While everyone In the house
was asleep the lamp exploded. Burn
ing oil was scattered In every direc-
ton and In few moments the house
was filed with smoke. Jacks" bark
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

A man isn't made manager of a rafl-
road or president of bank because
he can dance the german
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

can sell. Perhaps the old man will cut
load of wood and trade it for dry goods
or groceries, or the old woman will save
up her eggs and chickens and take them
to town, but such sources of supply are
mcager and unreliable.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09
SHARE INTHE PROFIT


Old Plantations Cut Up Into Small
Farms, Each Worked by Tenant
Who Pays the Landlord Portion
Of the Crops.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

Recent events In the financial world
have brought Joseph b. Greenhut into
q prominent. II not an enviable, posi-
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1895-05-09

houses, and so on-and that is why we
meet strange customers.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1895-05-29
CROP OUTLOOK GLOOMY.
Weather Bureaus Review Shows
Conditions to He UnfavorabIe.


WASHINGTON, May %. = The
weather bureau, in it's review of crop
conditions for the week ended May
27, says: Upon the whole the weather
conditions for the week have been IN
favorable. Farm work has been re-
tarded in the Gulf, Middle and South
Atlantic states from excessive rains;
while crops generally need rain from
the Ohio valley westward. Complaint
as to the unfavorable effects of the
unseasonably low temperature upon
crops is general throughout the Mid
die, Central and Southern portions
Of the country. Cotton has suffered
seriously, especially on sandy soil,
and is reported as dying in portions
of the Carolinas, Georgia, Mississippi,
and Arkansas and complaints
Of injury from lice are re-
ported from Louisiana and Mis-
sissippi. Florida reports cotton late,
but healthy. Replanting of corn has
been general during the week, owing
to damaging effects of recent frosts.
In Indiana, most of the crop had to
be replanted Kansas reports corn
doing well, and in Nebraska the early
planted is in good condition, but rain
is needed to bring up that recently
planted. In the Southern states the
general condition of corn is good and
in some sections cultivation is finished.
Tobacco planting is progressing rap
idly in Kentucky, and has begun in
Maryland, where plants are abundant;
in North Carolina planting is nearly
finished. Ohio reports tobacco plants
in poor condition. Winter wheat is
reported as in good condition in North
ern Illinois, but in poor condition in
the Central and Southern portion of
the state. The condition of wheat
has declined rapidly in Missouri ow-
ing to drought and insects. In Indiana
some wheat has been ploughed and
planted in corn. The crop has sustained
further injury from frost in Ohio.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1895-05-29
FUNERAL ARRANGEMENTS.
Services at White House, After
Which Remains Will Depart for

WASHINGTON, May 2S.-The main
details of the funeral service were de-
cided upon at a meeting of the cabinet
this morning. At the conclusion of
the meeting Secretary Lamont made
a brief statement of the funeral ar
rangements. The remains of the sec
retary will be taken from the Arlington
hotel to the executive mansion tomor-
row and placed in the East room,
where funeral services will be held
at 10 o'clock. They will be conducted
by Bishop Hurst, of the Methodist
Episcopal church. Seats will be re-
served for the members of the diplo-
matte corps, the members of the
United States supreme court, SUCH
senators and representatives as may
be in the city and the chiefs of the
war and navy departments. At the
conclusion of the service the remains
will be escorted to the Baltimore e
Ohio railroad station by all the troops
and marines stationed in this city
and at Fort Mayer, Gen. Thomas H.
Ruger in command A special train will
convey the remains to Chicago, where
the interment will ltake place. The
president and all of the members of
the cabinet will accompany the re-
mains to their last resting place. Sec
retary Carlisle, who will arrive in the
city today; Secretaries Herbert, La
mont, Smith, Morton, Attorney Gen
eral Olney and Postmaster General
Wilson will act as honorary pall-bear-
ers at the funeral, and the body bear
ers will be a squad of marines from
the marine barracks in this city. The
body will be escorted to the funeral
train by all of the government troops
stationed about Washington, the mar
inc corps, the Sixth cavalry from Fort
Meyer and the artillery from the ar
senal, the whole under Maj. Gen.
Thomas H. Ruger. The procession will
form about noon and proceed to the
Baltimore & Ohio station. The funeral
train will leave Immediately and ar
rive in Chicago Thursday. The cere-
monies in that city will be held on Fri
day. BEYOND this no arrangements for
the burial have been made. 1t has not
been decided in what cemetery Secre-
tary Gresham will be buried, nor
where the services in Sidcago will be
held The casket was brought to the
Arlington during the afternoon and
the remains placed therein. 1t is plain
and heavy, made Of red cedar, with
metallic casing of copper. and the
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1895-05-29
DAMAGE SLIGHT.
Frost Hurt Wheat but Little in
North Dakota.

Special to the Globe.
BISMARCK, S. D., May 28.-The past
week has not been, on the whole, un-
favorable Although the first part of
it was cold, the latter part was warm,
with medium heavy rains in all sec
tions, and followed Sunday morning by
a heavy frost and freeze, which has
not, however, seemed to have done any
serious damage, as vegetation had
made but slight progress from the
damage it had received from the previ-
Gus frosts 1t is not considered that
the wheat crop has been damaged
enough to speak of. Although in few
places it has been frozen down, yet
it had not been sufficiently advanced
to be damaged if it was all cut down.
Oats have suffered, and to a considera-
BILE extent; so have fax and barley, but
not so much as oats, as they were
sown after the former and in many in
stances were not up. Corn has been
slightly damaged in scattered sections,
but not enough to do more than re-
tard it's growth some, but as the sea-
son is now about three weeks ahead of
the average time, if there is no more
damage, it will have plenty of time to
mature. Gardens and fruits have been
pretty we'll destroyed There is plenty
of time to replant gardens, but it is
probable that there will be no fruit
here this season.