davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
OFFICERS INSTALLED.
An Enjoyable Program by Smithon.
ian Lodge, 32, K. of P.

The public installation OF the officers OF
Smithonian Lodge, 80, Knights of Pyth-
las, took place in Carroll Street Hall, last
evening, in the presence of large audi
ence.
Grand Chancellor Walter Scott offici-
ated, assisted by Acting Vice Chancellor
A. .. Robbins, Grand Prelate James A.
Charnley, Grand Master farms Doug
lass r.. Johnstone, Grand Keeper of
Records and Seal William A. Wilson
and Past Grand Chancellor Fred NJ Goff.
The following Interesting program was
enjoyed: Entrance OF officers OF the
lodge; entrance Of grand officers; prayer
by Grand Prelate James A. Charniey; in
stallation of Past Chancellor John II.
Brown and Chancellor Commander James
w. Hicks; reading, Miss Eta Bug-
bee; installation of Vice Chancellor
Henry L. Thomas; vocal selection, Miss
Katie Bugbee; installation of Prelate
Arthur ID. Henry ana Master of Work
George e. CornelI reading, Miss Eta
Bugbee; installation of Keeper of
Records and Seal William q. Smith,
Master of Exchequer John ii. Nc
Nally, Master of Finance Chandler ID.
Rawson vocal selection, Miss Katie
Bugbee; installation of Master-at Arms
James ID. Simpson, Inner Guard John
Mitchell, Outer Guard James j. Cum
ningham; charge 10 the lodge by Grand
Chancellor Walter Scott: address by
Past Grand Chancellor George G. Gates.
followed by Grand Keeper Of Records aud
SealW. A. Wilson, Past Grand Chancellor
+. N. GoH, Grand Outer Guard Il. 4.
Wehoskey, Grand Prelate j. A. Charnley,
Grand Chancellor Walter Scott, Grand
Master-at- Arms ID. X. Johnstone, Past
Chancellor Adna L. Howe, G. p. Bragg,
Past Chancellor A. o. Robbins, Past Chan
cellor j. X. Brown, who was presented
a past chancellor's jewel The COM
mittee of arrangements were; James w.
Hicks, Charles T.. Briggs, John Tripp,
James Simpson and Z. ID. Rawson.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Treacherous Turkey.

VIENNA. Jan. o. = Turkey has per-
suadcd Mgr. Azarian, patriarch Of the
Armenian Catholics, to instruct his
vicar at Moosh to enjoin his flock to
give pro-Turkish evidence before the
commission. AS IL will be difficult to
distinguish between the two aptagonistic
branches Of the Armenian family, the del
egatos should be instructed to carefully
sift the evidence of Armenian Catholics
and orthodox Christians. Eye witnesses
Of the outragcs have already been removed
from the district to other parts Of the en-
pire by the authorities.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
ROGER WILLIAMS ON TOP.


The Rhode Island Historical Society held
its 73d annual meeting last evening at the
cabinet on Waterman street. In the abb
sence OF the secretary Mr.. John L. Blod-
gett was elected pro tenn. Ns
The reports of the various officers were
then read and received.
The treasurer's report showed the total
expenditure for the year to be s3S72.S and
the receipts $4084.S7 with q balance OF
s211.9S on hand. The other amounts on
hand are: Publication fund, S3797.70; life
membership fund, s2443,76; Investment
fund, S23, 600.
The report of the librarian and cabinet
keeper was reveiw OF the society's his
tory since its organization in 1922.
President Rogers in his annual report
summarized the work done by the So
ciety in the last IL months.
He also referred to the death of John j..
DeWolf, G. e. Mason, William ID. Nisbet,
Charles Sabin ard Thomas j. Hill, all ac-
tive members of the society: also to Will
liam +. Poole, j. Anthony Froude, Robert
+. Winthrop and Rev. Dr. Geo. T.. Ellis,
honorary members. The president spoke
OF the discussion regarding the figure
that was to adorn the dome Of the pro-
posed new Capitol, and he thought that
the figure OF the man who founded these
plantations should be the one placed
there. resolution was passed as the re-
suit OF this suggestion and Hon. j. IL.
Stiness, Professor j. Franklin Jameson
and Charles III. Smith were appointed to
inform the State House commissioners of
the resolution.
The following officers were elected: I:
President, Hon. Horatio Rogers; vice
presidents, Hon. George NJ. Carpenter
and Il. Benjamin Andrews; secretary,
Amos Perry; treasurer, X. B. Everett;
nominating committee, A. V. Jencks, j..
+. Cranston and r. /. Nickerson; library
committee, w. b. Healy, ii. w. Preston
and Amos Perry; lecture committee,
Amos Perry, Reuben Guild; publication
committee, DIR. James G. Vose, A. M.
Eaton, w. II. Munroe, John ii. Stiness,
Amos Perry, Fred a. Arnold and j. f.
jameson; committee on grounds and
building, j. {. Bates, i. Southwick and
Edward Burrows; on geographical re-
searches, ii. K. Turner, John .. Austin,
George T. Hart; neurology, w. III. Mum
roc, S. II. Webb and Amos Perry; on
finance, h. II. 1. Goddard, G. II. Smith,
X. b. Everett; on audit, r. j. Chace,
James Burdick and F. B. Lincoln.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
A LA "ARIZONA KICKER"
A Michigan Editor shows Enemies Thss
He Is Not TO Bc rrifcd With.

a Michigan Editor shows Hnemi-e ihss
He Is Not To ie Trifcd With.
ASHLEY, Mich, Jan. 0.-The editor Of
The News, C. e. Armstrong. who was
horsswhippcd by Cora Hasbrook, surprised
the village by going 10 the postoffice carry
ing Winchester ride and two rcvolvcrs
ana belt filed with cartridges. Nobody
molcsred him, and later his paper came
out with the following announcement re-
ferring to persons who would harm him:
To all such persons we win say that we long
ago learned 20 have no fear OF leaden messages !;
in fact. q good part OF our life has been spent
among people who generally shot first and
blowed about IL afterwsrd
To In 3 woman he ssid
Horsewhips hold no fear for us, and right
here old girl, let rs rise TO rems- Tx that IL any
OF your snealiing low-lived gang wish 10 try
that kind OF medicine ON al gain, we warn
Won that ali It win cost them W IL be their own
doctor bills. We have started TO purge this
locality and we will do it or die in the at
tempt.
The better class OF Ashley Is in SYM
pathy with the editor Marshal Sicklcs
and Mrs. Hasbrook were going to repeat
the thrashing, but the editors gun stopped
fham
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

LONDON. Jan. o. .A'a meeting Of cot
ton employers and opo. atives, representing
over IS 00O.000 sp!ndles, tho strikers pro-
tested against the cotton import duties
recently decided upon by the Indian gov.
ernmcnt. The opinion was expressed that
n India required to be aided, such aid
should he in the form of an imperial sub
sidy, and should not bo given at the cx-
pense of Englnnd's greatest industry.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Japau's Program.

TOXIC Jan. 9.-.In the lower house Of
che imperial diet yesterday Primo Minis
Ter Connt Ito said that he was unable to
impart any further details In regard to the
war without injury to national interests
He added that only measures necessary
for the carrying on of the war, the budget
and similar urgent matters, would be con-
sidered until tho war was ended Thcn
various reforms would be submitted to
the house.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
The Seal Fisheries.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 9.-An official report
from United States Consul Roberts at
Victoria, B. c.. upon the seal catch of fine
British Columbian scaling fleet last year
hows tho catch 60 be the largest ever
made in u single year, ana the fear once
entertained that the hunters would be
seriously handicapped from the compul-
sorry use of the spear has been overcome.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
risA Wants 1t Badly.

ALBANY, Jan. GA hearing will be
given in the matter of the application of
K. w. Fisk for the institution Of quo war
ranto proceedings to test the title To the
Office Of mayor OF Mt. Vernon, now held
by Edison Lewis. Fisk. by legal proceed
ings, had Mayor Bruch ousted from Office
some time ago Lewis, who was In the
contest for the place with Fisk. succeeded
in getting possession of the Office. Fisk
now wants 70 oust Lewis and secure the
place himself
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
BASE VANDALISM.

GLOUCESTER, Mass. Jan. 9.-Several Of
the old vaults in the Pine street cemetery
have been broken open and human bones
have been taken from caslsets and strewn
about tho floor, while articles of clothing
have been all filled with the same
CHASTITY human relics, and placed In diff
fercnt attitudes about the tombs.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Further Evidence of Barbarism.

VIENNA, Jan. 0.--Advices from Erzing.
hian, Armenia, say that 43 Armenians
werc tried for tho alleged murder of q
Mussulrnan at Armenia. or this mum.
Dor "a wcrc condemned to death In spite of
the fact that some Of them produced pass
ports showing that they were In Constan-
tinoplc at the time of the murder. In ad-
dition, five Of the accused were sentenced
TO penal scrvitudc for life and the re-
mainder were sentenced to Imprisonment
for terms ranging from three to six years
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

Third Irish Party Not Con-
tempIated by HeaIy.
Opposes a Policy That Represents
Opinions Of individuals Only.

LONDON. Jan. Elm an interview; TIM
othy Healy. NJ. P (anti. Parnellite), cm-
phatically denied that he intended TO
found third Irish party or to oppose the
recollection Of Justin Mccarthy or other
Nationalist leaders He further said that
he was only trying TO prevent the asser'
tion of calamitous individual domina-
tion of tho party which denied tho right
Of criticism and insisted upon committing
the party without prior consultation TO
movements which aftcrward IL was toe
lete to repudiatc.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
No Lopger Apy Danger

PITTsnrRG, Jan. 9-The floods in the
Alloghany and Monongahela rivers have
reached their limit aud the worst is over
The highest marks were recorded mt about
~ a. ~. yesterday, and soon after the
water began to rcccdc. Locally the loss
will be comparatively light Prominent
river men estimate the general loss on
both rivers ut about 100000.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

PORTLAND, Me, Jan. 9,-Thc S0th nnni-
versary of the battle OF New Orleans was
celebrated hero yesterday. While firing a
salute with an old smooth bore on the
eastern promenade, the gun burst. One
piece of the gun went through a house.
No one was injured In the evening there
was display of fireworks a concert and
other exer.ises
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

MEIBouRNE. Jan. 9.-The governmcn
was defeated yesterday in connection witt
the ministry's proposal to reduce the sal
aries OF members OF the legislative Assem-
bly, and public officials.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

WAsHISoToy. Jan. o.--The treasury de-
partment has awarded to Francis NJ. Epley
the contract for raising the British frigate
Hussar, which struck rock and foundercd
In the East river during the Revolutionary
war Tho Hussar is supposed TO have on
board 81, 3oo, 900 III British gold. Epley's
compensation is to DO 90 per cent of all
treasure found. the remaining 10 per cent,
together with whatever else may be re-
covered, to go to the government.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
vou,ep Urged to Orrau,zc.

BosToS, Jan. 9,-San 1cl Gompers cd.
dressed meeting OF working girls here
last night. lie said L@ hop,d TO sec n
general cight-hour day inaliguratcd May
/, 1896, and urged all working girls and
women To organize into trade unions.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Decision Reserved.

NEW YORK, Jan. 9.-Erastus Wiman's
appeal from his conviction for forgery In
the second degree was argued before the
general term of the supreme court yester.
day. He was sentenced to flvo years i'm.
prisonment for wrongful endorsement of
O check for 500. Decision was reserved.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
BIcCnGery Heirs Found.

CHICAGO, Jan. 9.-After searching for
more than six months, lawyers have found
the heirs to tho estate of the late John
McCaffery, who died here last June, leav-
ing about s55o,0oo worth OF property.
These children. bill filed in the circuit
court yesterday declares, were Sarah,
Susan and Margaret McCaffery, born be.
tween lS4l and 1916. There are many
other heirs TO the estate. ms NJ Caffery was
married three times.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
WILL PLEASE DRUMMERS.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 0.-The senate com.
mittee on Interstate commerce author
lied favorable report ON the bill TO per.
NIT the issuance of joint interchangeable
5000-mile tickets with special privileges
as to the amount OF free baggage that may
be carried This Is bill in which the
commercial travellers are especially inter
ested. 1t has passed the house.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
To Represent Wyoming.

CHEYENNE, Wy, Jan. 9.-In caucus the
Republican monbers OF the Wyoming
legislature unanimously selected ex- Sena-
tor Francis +. Warren senator for the
long term, and ex-Congressman Clarence
ID. Clarke for the short term.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Waite Makes Room For Mcintyre,

DENVER, Jan. 0-Govcrnor Waite went
out OF oiiicc and Governor Mcintyre came
in at noon yesterday. The ceremonies
were simple. After Governor Waite had
spoken few words OF farewell TO his as.
sociatcs and OF greeting TO his successor,
Governor Mcintyre read his inaugural
nd
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Armeninns. Gratitude

PARIS. Jan. 9.-Mr. and Mrs. Gladstone
arrived here last evening and were met by
Armenians on behalf OF the Armenian
colony OF Paris, who presented Mr.. Glad
stone with an address OF welcome and of
fered a bouquet TO Mrs. Gladstone.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
John Jacob Astor,s Gife

New YORK, Jan. 9.-John Jacob Astor
has given the Press club $500 toward the
procurement of n new clubhouse uptown.
This makes $500 that the club has rc-
ceived from Mr. Astor, his previous gifts
having been 5000 and $1,000, respectively.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
EDGEwooD CASINO.


The Providence Athletic Association
team was right at home in its match with
the Veterans although winning by very
close margin. Joslin and Hayward did
the best work for the Athletics and Weint-
&c, Duncanson and lie Jtrade carried off
the honors for the Veterans.
Following is the score:
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

CHICAGO. Jan. 0.-JudSe Woods ycstcr.
day issued an order committing Debs and
his associates Co fhs Woodstock Jail. The
prisoners left for Woodstock last evening.
their attorneys having requested that they
be sent out of the city.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

WASHINGTON. Jan, o - Representative
Reed OF Maine was In the house yesterday
for the first tlino slncc his recent accident.
by which he spr1nca bis ankle. The In.
iurcd ankle gave him somc annoyance.
but not enough to prevent him from NOV
IaQ about
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Atroclties Denounced.

LONDON, Jan. 9.The general commit
tee of the Congregational union adopted
n resolution expressing dctestation and
horror Mt the alleged atrocious cruelties TO
Armenian Christians, and asking. II tho
reports are confirmed that measures bc
taken TO prevent their recurrence and to
secure for the Armcnians full religious
Obortv
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Died In ni, Chalr.

ROCHESTER,, Jan. 81 Charles E. Handy,
assistant in the office of the superin.
tendent Of the Gre alarm telegraph system.
was found dcnd In chair in his office A
few minutes before his death Mr.. Handy
seemed TO be- In tho best of health.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
o,a p,ryctor. Retain Omce

NEW YORK, Jan. 9.-There has been no
change in The directory of the National
Shoe and Leather bank. At "a meeting OF
the stockholders yesterday the present
board of directors was reelected. The
name of Seely, the absconding employe,
was not mentioned.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Co,nmander Held ResponsIble.

WAsHINGToN, Jan. o.-Secretary Her
bert has Issued n general order declaring
that pilot is TO bc considered merely as
an adviser to the commanding officer. and
his presence on board naval vessel shall
not relieve the commanding officer Of re-
anon nsihilitv
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
A Political Split.

PHILADELPHIA. Jan. 9.--The Rcpubli.
can ward combine OF this city, which
has controlled the politics of its party for
many years, went TO pieces rs conse-
auence OF the mayoralty contest. The
members were divided seriously and ire
trievably on the question OF nominating a
mayor, and nothing could bring them to-
pether arain
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

BEELrS, Jan. 9.-Empcror William hci
parliamentary reception last evcnin
with the objecs of cnlisting support a.
the antirevolution bill.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

PARIS, Jan. 9--At the opening Of a.
new session Of the chamber of deputie
Henri Brisson was reelected president @
The chamber.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

wnAr fOR /?

Tonight the members Of an organ "a
tion known ss the Young Mems d, mo-
cratic club will meeiat Veteran Firemens
hall, 9s wey bosset street to hear some
speeches and eat lite something
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
fisherman Missing.

GLOUCESTER Mass, Jan. 9-Fears are
entertained that Christian Lorcnson, who
left this city In a dory Saturday for the
hore fishing grounds. has been drowned
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
A New Governor'. Reception.

CONCORD, N. H., Jan. .. = Governos
Busiel ami his wife held their inaugural
reception In the new state library build.
ing last night. The event was brilliant
one. Dancing and refreshments were
features of tho evening.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
wnmnn sufrrnrists, Tucntx.slxtl,.

Boston, Jan. 9.-The Goth annual meet
ing of the Massachusetts, Woman Suf-
frage association was held here yesterday.
The report os the treasurer showed a bal
ance on hand of S40s.29. Mrs. Mary A.
Livermoro was reelected president.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

A timely lecture will be given In sayles
Hall this evening, bv John Fretwell, on
+" The Distress in New Foundland: Its
Cause aud Remedy"
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

The bursting OF lamp I'm a house on
7edly street was the cause OF the alarm
Deiug sent In from box 223 Just before
o'clock yesterday afternoon. No damage.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Sd. Loul- Gcts stnlcr.

PIrTsBURo, jan 9-Managcr Bucken-
berger has signed Pitcher Harry Staley ot
she Bostons Co play with the st. Louis
Browns pert season
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Courthouse Anon. Burned buildings.

Fort WORTH, Tex, Jan. 9.-The court
house at Decatur was destroyed by fire
yesterday. Several business houses were
also destroyed. The total loss will reach
over 800 600
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
snnitarIum Reported sacked.

CAPE Town, Jan. 9.-Mt. Amber sas,
tarium, hear Diego Suaricz, Is repor,,.
sacked by thn Madagascar natives.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
pAwTUcKET TIGERS.

The Brown University bowlers were
vapquished by the Y. M. c. A. team last
evening after a hotly- contested game.
This was the third or "rubber" game be-
tween these teams and, although not in
the championship series, lave been very
interesting. Folowing s the score:
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
B0WLERS ALIVE.
Edgewood Casinos, Providence Ath-
letics and Pawtucket Tigers Win.

lctics and Pawtucket Tigers Win.
Bowling took q new lease of life last
night, three rafting good matches TAX
ing place In the amateur championship
league.
The. Edgewood Casinos defeated the
Rhode Island Wheeimen without much
difficulty on the Casino alleys, Thomas
making q three-string total of 531 during
the game. Lunch and social intercourse
was enjoyed after the game.
Following is the score:
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
CALENDAR FOR JAN. 10.
The calendar of the Supreme Court for
Thursday Is as follows:
icOmmOn Pleas Division.

iCommon Pleas Division.l
1854. William II. Herrick, administra-
tor, vs.. Thomas Booth. Attorney Iil-
hnghast for plaintiff; +. keuckeri for de-
fenoant.
l6li. smith Y. Dean vs.. Oliver A. Luz
man. Attor cys-St0ne x B0veioy Tor
paintifi; j. Harris for defendant.
lass. Ihaddcus j. Hn, den W. Morris
Rich. Attorneys-t. n. MIloos tor plain
iii; McGuinness n Doran for def, ndant
appellate Divi,ion.J
No assignments.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
VETERANS
Tigers Bent Bank Clerlxs.

The Pawtucket Tigers gave the Bank
Clerks warm reception, winning by 10
points. The Tigers have lost no games SO
far and have won four.
Following is the score .
pAWrrrCxET rIaEps
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09
Seeking Disavowai OF Giadstono's Speech.

CoNsTANTINoPLE. Jan. Cit is said
that the Sultan has formally requested
Great Britain To disavow the speech rc-
Gently made by Mr.. Gladstone TO the An
glo- Armenian deputation that visited him
at Hawnrden. The English, French and
Russian governments have asked the porte
TO suspend the governor of Bitlis, who Is
said 70 have been mainly responsible for
the Sassoun massacre, until the commits
sion shall have concluded its labors. There
is great discomfort among Mussulmans,
who believe that the porte's present policy
will lead TO the loss OF the Armenian prov
fOc.,a
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1895-01-09

He would persist in opposing every al
venturous policy put forward as sane
toned by tho whole party when it only
emanated from individuals unauthor-
lied 20 speak in the name of the party.
He favored the greatest latitude wherein
individual pronounccments were personal
opinions.
Mr.. Healy concluded by declaring that
he had always supported, and would con-
tinuc to support, Mr. McCarthy's chair.
manship of the anti Parnellte section OF
the party, and would cordially resist any
attempt to defeat tho government on the
address in reply TO the queens speech
opening the coming session OF parliament.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1895-11-23
CTo be continueS)
HE SNOW BLANKET.
Why It 10 So Valuable In Protecting the
Fields from Cold.

The value of a mantle Of snow in pro-
tecting vegetation in the feds in win
ter is fully understood in farming dis
tricts, and the cause of the protective eff
feet of the snow is an interesting sub
ject of scientific inquiry.
la Germany, where, "a the Youths
Companion says, no such subject is ever
allowed to escape investigation, DR..
Abels has recently made some important
observations on the thermal properties
of snow. He has found that the looser
the snow the greater its power to pro-
tect the ground beneath from the effects
of external changes of temperature.
Snow generally offers about four
times as much resistance tn such
changes as a sheet OF ice Of the same
thickness offers. When snow becomes
closely packed. therefore. it is less eff
fectiye as a protection to plant life than
when. il lies loosely upon the surface.
Other experiments show that while a
blanket OF snow protects the ground be-
meath from the chilling effects Of the
winter atmosphere, Yet the surface OF
the snow itself, especially in clear wealth
er, is colder than the air. so that snow
tends to lower the temperature of the
atmosphere, and where broad areas OF
country or extensive mountain slopes
are covered by it important climatic
conditions may be produced by the 10
nuence OF the