davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
Shaving Blocks.

in the power of the machine. which
soon reduces them to a mush and
mixes them thoroughly with the other,
the combination of the two presenting
the appearance of a munifcent dessert
of atins island-pale gold tintedtis-
lands on a frothy white sea.
And now the protracted ordeal is.
nearly at an end, and the thin mush:
which is a great deal of water
thickened with what is to be paper
is conveyed to another long room by
means Of a complex arrangement Of
bands and Wheels of whirling, sliding
things, the very sight of which dazes
+l'n senses of one who does not undo"
stand their workings. Here the pulp
is shaken as in seive, strained as.&iT
an endless milk strainer, and then
pressed and compelled into a narrow
passage way, where absorption takes
place. 1t seems to be going over
dam and along a glassy-looking road
way like q flume; now you see it plain-
ly, the next instant it disappears; then
it looks substanceless, and before one
knows how it can have happened it
is going first over one hot cylinder
and then over another. and If one fol
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28

HSoOU = NAH' 4
spout high in air, down. which they
were slid to the dumping ground, sug-
gested saw mill. In the interior logs
of spruce-fresh enough from. the for
est to be full Of rosin-were ready in
four-foot piles These were swiftly
sawed into. short pieces by. Two men,
one who fed and one who held the
wood against the. dazzling, Whirllng
steel. At another machine the bark
was taken off, and third-thesguil-
1otine- came down with terrible GER
tainty and cleft it in billets as1Ethe
operator presented it. sr
These were thrown into machines
containing grindstones Of tremendous
power and when next I 2saw+it what
had but a monlent Before been aIseg-
ment era tree had been transit formed
into cream-colored pulp. Then it|was
put through. another marvelously scon-
structed machine, and, 10! thick blank
cts yard square, exquisite in*color
and ready to be carried to the. paper
mill.-Washington Star. ~-5#I
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
In the Bleaching Room.

In the bleaCh1nE HOOm.
was given no tint the paper would nat
urally be of a yellowish cast. So it Is
blued very much as a laundress blues
her clothes. They use for this pro-
cess ultramarine, and occasionally
something which gives a reddish cast.
In other mills various kinds Of dye are
used. But before the tinting there
must be a final thorough rinsing to re-
move the chloride and alum, which
would otherwise "kill the color" So
in a final set Of tubs the much vexed
and beaten pulp is put through anoth-
er running water course Of treatment,
then a man dishes in the blue fluid,
and it's lively Whiteness is gone
There also comes in another ele-
ment in this last room before the pulp
begins to take the form Of paper. The
mill l visited was manufacturing al
most exclusively paper to be used for
newspapers. For this more or less
wood pulp is used, and it is in this
room that it is Incorporated with the
rag pulp. The woods used are spruce
and poplar, the first being the strong
er and the latter the whittier Of the
two. 1t is prepared in mills devoted
especially to that branch of paper
manufacture, and brought in large
sheets ready for use. A man tears
one Of these sheets into fragments
and throws them into the tub of pulp.
The suction draws them swiftly with
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
Hardening Steel by Gas.

Consul Monaghan, Of Chemnitz, re-
ports that the Germans are interested
in a new process for hardening steel
by means Of gas. The invention orig
mated with the famous French steel
and iron firm, Schneider & Company,
Of CreusOt.
It is a Well-know fact that gas,
under great heat, deposits carbon in
solid form. Upon this depends it's
light effects, and also the formation
Of the so-called retort graphites, a
thick covering Of pure carbon on the
walls of the gaslght retort. The gas
that strikes the retort walls deposits
part of it's carbon upon them. This
is the fact upon which Schneider bases
his very useful invention-a process
for cementing together (uniting) steel
armor plates. ''
It is said to be very important in
the production of armor plates to have
them comparatively soft inside and
hard outside. This hardening is OBJ
tainable by the application Of carbon.
Formerly the process of hardening
consisted in covering the plates with
layers of coal and heating them till
they glowed. Schneider's process puts
two plates into furnace, one Oh top
Of the other, with hollow space be-
tween. This space is made gas tight
by means of asbestos packing put on
around the edges, and the plates are
heated red hot, while a stream of light
gas is poured into the hollow space in
dicated. The carbon thrown out by
the gas is greedily taken up by the
glowing plates until they are thickly
covered. The depth Of this carbon
covering can be regulated by the
amount of gas admitted. In order to
secure regular and uniform action
drlrng the process, ard to prevent the
pipes that carry the gas to the hol-
low space from absorbing any of the
carbon, they are insulated in other
pipes through which water 1s con-
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
A FATAL MISTAKE.
1t Was Made by a. Profuse French
man in His Leave-Taking.

= } 81
1t Was Made by a. Profuse French
man in His Leave-Taking.
A citizen of France who has an in
yeterate habit Of confounding every
thing which is said to him, and has
been endeavoring to acquire a. knowl-
edge of our vernacular, was about
leaving his boarding house for a more
comfortable quarter. All the little
mysteries Of his wardrobe, including
his last neither garment and umbrella,
had been packed up, when he be-
thought to himself the unpleasant duty
noW jdey9lYing npon, him, that Ct. bid
After shaking his fellow boarders
cordially by the hand, and wishing
them, with incessant bowling, ''ze ver-
benediction du chief,'' he retired in
search of his "dear landlady," to give
her also his blessing. He met her at
the staircase, and advancing, hat in
hand, with a thousand scrapes, COM
menced his speech: All, madame, Tn
going to leave you. You have been
verree amiable to me, madame; I will
nevare forget you for .zat. II in my
countree I would ask zer government
to give you pension, madame" The
good lady put down her head and
Dlushed modestly. while our French
man proceeded: "Vell, must co. you
know in zees life, it is full of pain an
trouble. If Got adopted re virl vich
Lamartine made in his poesie, zen
zure sould be no more pain. Adieu,
madame, adieux! perhaps forever
Thereupon the Frenchman was max
ing his exit, when he was suddenly
called back by his landlady, who in
terestedly inquired: why, Mr.. c.,
you have forgotten your latch-key."
Mr.. c. appeared amazed, appar-
emily not understanding his interro-
gator. EYES," continued Mrs NJ,
you know it is the rule for all board
ers to give me: their latch keys" "Oh,
ma damer' interrupted the Frenchman
with enthusiasm twill give you not
one---not one, but zousandsr' and ap.
plying the action to the. word, he
spran g toward Mrs. NJ 80 --- and en-
bracingS her tightly in his arms, kissed
her most heroically: The atfrighted
Mrs. M, recovering herself, at
length, cried out: "The key! Mr.. c.,
the key" Frenchy, looking confused,
confounded, calculates with heavy
signs: "Oh, madame! zot you ak me
for one KEGS, an I, give it to you. Vat
a fatale mistaker'-Scottish American.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
The First DustinE,

mantle region Of worn-out discarded
'stuff into which5I stepped on my first
trip, when the ''rag ROOM was thrown
open, for inspection, cluttered with all
sorts Of material-waste from mills
and factories, with everything that
had been swept up with it, pieces of
bobbins and quilts, iron, wood and
rubbish in general in the most chaotic
confusion. ~2v
The first thing to be done with this
mass was to submit it to a tearing and
whirling process: in a revolving ma
chine called; .'duster,' where an i'm
mense cylinder set with spikes like
harrow teeth gave the incongruous
bulk a vigorous shaking up, during
which the wood and metal, with occa-
sional buttons came rattling out on the
door like'a small hail storm, while the
rags were thrown over into a room
beyond, where they were gathered up
and carried into the sorting room. !.
i. Here, with their heads tied up in
kerchiefs, were score of women and
sgirlszsz-stan ding. q wooden sinks--eaeh:
one. surrounded by number of bar
rels into which she sorted the stuff,
chips into one, old paper into another,
and so on.
After this sorting is over, the rags
are thrown into cutter, an oddly con-
structed machine with sharp teeth set
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
Shaving on n Man-OfWar.

''There is lots Of money in the bar
bering business on board a man-of-
war;" said a bluejacket, on whose cap
was black band bearing in letters of
gold the name of the hoodoo ship
Olympia, in a barber shop.
Flows that" one of the BARRIERS
asked
"Why, that's easy" answered the
huejacket. ''Take the Olympia, the
ship I belong to. She's got 400 men on
board. They all get shaved and have
to have their hair cut.
"All a man has to do is to ship a
landsman for three years and be as
signed to the barber shop. Your pay
from the government will be S36 a
month, and you will rank as a petty
officer. Then You'll get $1.5O from
every man on the ship every three
months. That makes $3.50. Add to
that $36 a month, which is S1OS a
quarter, and there you have 1858 a
quarter. That's not bad for a barber.
THE barber gets another landsman
to wash the towels and other fixin's
for $40 a month, but tell you what,
the barber has to hustle San Fran
cisco Examiner.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
UTILIZING THE CULM HEAPS.
The Plan to Turn Them Into Electric
Power at Nominal Cost.

POWer at Nominal Cost.
For many years the question Of the
utilization of the immense heaps in
the neighborhood of Scranton, Wilkes.
barre and other coal-producing centers,
has remained unsolved. This coal re-
fuse has not only been utterly useless
heretofore, but has offered insurrlount-
abl editfculties in the way Of it's dis.
position. One of the plans devised for
conservation of the vast energy wasted
in the culm heaps was to pipe the coal
refuse to the great cities, much as Pc
troleum is piped to tide-water from the
oil fields Of Western Pennsylvania.
The element of expense, however. pre-
vented the project from materializing,
and the unsightly black heaps still
remain.
Recent advancements in the electric
al art seem to have suggested prac-
tical plan for the disposal of the rub
= blsh necessarily accommodating at the
pit mouth. 1t has been found that the
culm can be utilized for fuel under
good economic conditions, in the gen
GRAFTON of electricity. Tests recently
made under the direction of the Scran-
ton chamber of commerce show that,
with culm costing 25 cents at the door
Of the furnace, electricity can be gen.
Grated at a cost of fraction over So
per horsepower per year, continuous,
or twentyfour hour power. This cost
is less than the lowest figure which
can be hoped for from the water power
of Niagara. OF course, TINS low figure
is based upon the difference in cost of
installing the plant at Niagara and the
plant now proposed at Wilkesbarre.
ha only iSc 1>,,,, +ho
ton of economy in it's consumption in
reality cuts no figure. 1t is not neces-
sary, therefore, to provide furnaces
with costly devices in the way of fuel
saving appliances. It is not, Of course.
by reason Of the low cost of installing
the Wilkesbarre plant that the figures
given for the cost of the current are so
much less than the cost Of cheap water
power from the cataract.
It has been intimated that the pro-
posed installation of the great electric
plant at Wilkesbarre has been depend
ent upon the result Of the experiments
at Niagara Falls. The power compa-
ny. at an expense of millions of dol
lars, has demonstrated the practicable
ity and economy of generating electric
ity with enormously large units, and
at potentials which were regarded as
impractica BILE a few years ago It has
been shown that the current can be
transmitted for at least a reasonable
distance and compete with steam pow
er produced by moderately cheap COAL
It is not surprising, therefore, that the.
enterprising Pennsylvanians should
avail themselves Of this expensive ex-,
perience, and proceed to utilize the en-.
ergy in their ugly culm heaps.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28

in rows to catch and cut the bits Of
stuff that are fed into it. Another ma
chine cuts them still finer, and tLen
they are passed through a second
''duster," which sets the dust flying
again. Next comes the preparation
for cleansing with lime water. The
rags are pitched and crammed down a
tunnel in the floor, which proved, on
examination, to be an immense iron
cylinder like gigantic barrel-lnore
than the height of man in diameter
and three times that length. There
were two Of them suspended near the
ceiling, called ''rotary bleachers,"
which hold a ton each. and every
night at 5 o'clock are filed with rags,
the lime water put in, and the whole
left to boil all night. When the rags
are done, workmen come with long
handled implements and hook them
out, and mountains Of sopping, cooked
rags loom up in the cave-like place.
The bleaching room came next In
order, and up to 1t the lime-cleaned
rags are conveyed in little cars, the
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
Electrical Instruction in the Rus
sian Army.

Electrical instruction in the RUS
sian Army.
Many European nations, recognizing
the inevitable Importance of electricity
In the wars of the future, have estab-
l1shed electrical departments, where
instruction is given to the sub-officers
Of both the army and the navy. Rus
sla has at length fallen into line, and
it's army authorities have decided to
open a. scientific branch of the service
under the direction of lieutenant gen
eral, two major generals and five Off,
GERS OF lower grades, who will devote
themselves to working out the applica-
bility Of electrical discoveries to war
purposes. An electrotechnical school
has also been Instituted under the su-
pervision of a major general, for the
purpose of giving nineteen months
course Of instruction to thirty-fiye lieu
tenants and sub-lieutenants of en-
glnee,s. Another notable feature of
the school is that it will give aspecial
electrical training III the handling of
war appliances to company recruited
from mechanics and from selected non
commissioned officers of engineers,
who will afterWard return tc their reg
iments and there be available as in
structors. This recognition of the ne
cessity Of having fighting men availa-
bic who can handle the material they
have to fight with brings to mind the
admirable suggestion made few
years ago by Lieut.. Bradley Fiske, the
inventor Of the range-fnder, that a
corps of electicians should be formed
who should be instructed in the cleo
trical handling and fighting of war;
ships, so as to supplement in time Of
war the very limited number of men
who were able to do so. Hitherto naval
fighting has been done by sailors; in
future it will be done by electrical en-
gineers.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28

lows on heSwill soon come to- AMEND
less web of paper being wound snaok-
ing hot on a huge roller. - %sSs % F
Finally it is reeled and meas sured on
sheathed in. strong civerings, labelled
and expressed to newspaper and print pd
ing establishments. - :,.zs5sS5
Not less interesting was the pulp
mill where the, wood pulp is prepared.
The place, with it's pile. Of logs and
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
MAKING OF PAPER.
INTERESTING PROCESSES AS WIT
=, MESSED BY A VISITOR.
An nEvery-Day Article OF Use-EvO-
p luton of n Sheet of Paper From IL
SO1led Rag-Use of Wood Pulp.

!" The methods employed in the manu-
facture Of articles in such common use
as paper are very apt to be overlooked
by the majority Of people or accepted
without question as an unexplained
process whereby an indispensable ar
ticle is made and placed upon the mar
ket. The manufacture of paper is one
Of the most important industries in
the United States, and the method fol-
lowed is one Of interest.
It was most prosaic and unro-
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
The Newest Bicycle Seat.

IHe newest Bicycle Seat.
angles, and two seats that work au.
tomatically to this bar, adjusting
themselves naturally to the form OF
the rider and the movement Of his
legs. The company claim it is as sim,
pie and comforta BILE as an old-fash-
ionod rocker, and the rider sits upor
a chair rather than upon q rail. It is
constructed of wood, finished with
rubber enamel.
Another seat, built on the same idea
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
New Bicycle Seats,

A cycle seat, built on an entirely
new principle, is being placed on the
market 1t is known as the automatic,
because it is said to adjust itself to
the movements of the riders legs.
The saddle is composed of a carry
ing bar that crosses the regular saddle
bar, to which it is attached at right
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
We Now Have Interiors.

Mrs. Brandt New-I would like to get
aefrst-- t--class book. on etiquette.
= Mr.. Brand Nevis, there any partic-
ular point you want to clear up?
Mrs. Brand-New-Yes how to treat
ones, interiors. You know, dear, it is
only recently that weE have had in.
feriors.-!!Tit-Bits. y US s,s ;,<~~ r
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
Not Built for 1t.

~ understand Smithkins has gone.
into politics" 80
$50 I've heard.
>. ''Do you think he will be success.
as a politician?'' "9 -
{ ~''Not unless he has changed a great
deal since i knew him" "-a!&
"Why?" --,-~.~ f>.
Gle used to be honest then."-Chi-
cagO Post, "a = --- .------ !.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
- -
Lost the Job.

$50 you want a position in my of.
fice?" = =.
Eyes, sir"
'Do you chew?"
'No, SIR
''Then can't hire you; won't have
a man in my employ that l can't bor-
row tobacco from"-New York Re.
cOrder. -
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
HOrserad1sh Gone UD.

Walker (reading paper)-Tm glad to
see that beef is cheaper. ..
Grumbleton (reading paper)-That's
all right, but see that horseradish
has gone up.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28

stantly circulating. It is believed
that this simple and rapid carbonizr
ing process will soon be applicable to
many other branches Of the steel in
dustry. -~
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1895-12-28
SCIENTIFIC MATTERS.
USEFUL INFORMATION ABOUT SCI
s..e - ENCE AND INDUSTRY.

and Sanitary System of
Railroad Cars-Electrica1 Instruc-
ton In the Russian Army-New BIZ
cycle Seats-Obstinate Thumping.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1895-12-20
MORE COMMENT FROM EUROPE.
Important Intimation by Michael Hicks.
Beach-Bayards Recall Mootet.

Important Intimation by Michael Hicks.
Beach-fayard's Recall Mooted.
LONDON, Dec. 20.-Sir Michael Hicks.
Beach, the chancellor of the cxchcquer
made an address last night at Conscrva.
tive banquet in Bristol which contained
an important suggestion of the probable
next step to be taken by the British gov.
ernmcnt in ths Venezuelan controversy,
namely the issuance Of statement BY
Lord Salisbury, which Sir Michael init.
mated might put a new face on affairs.
The chancellor Of the cxchcquer warned his
hearers against exaggcrating the gravity
of the trouble, but said that it would not do
to trust to the idca that blood is thicker
than water"
a dispatch to The Standard from Wash
ington asserts that Ambassador BeyGrd' s
speech at the dinner of the Actors Bcneyo-
lent fund on "Wednesday evening has of.
fenGea both President Cleveland and Sec.
retary Olncy, and is likely to bc the os-
tensible caGsc Of his recall Newspapers
here Gifect to sec in later dispatches from
America a subsistence of ''jingoisn, rs
they call the position of the president
With the exception OF La Patric the Paris
papers all take issue with the American
position. The Temps says the claims of
America arc calculated 10 infringe Oh the
rights of ali European powers with col.
cnics IL America and hints at united
European opposition.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1895-12-20
WHAT WE CAN ALL AGREE UPON.
According to the Way 1t Is Viewed by SEN
atOr Palmer. of Illinois.

atOr Palmer, of Illinois.
SPRINGFIELD. Dec. Ex-senator Palmer
has got home for the holidays and says
that rs to the finances and other domestic
questions there is no possibility of congress
and the administration agreeing. Said
he: The result Is that nothing can be
done at this session for the country, but
we can all agree upon n policy Of aggres.
sion. We can threaten to fight, and we
can take of our coats and swear we can
whip any nation in God Almighty's world,
and that Is the substance of all that can
be done by the present congress. The pol
iticians are playing for position.
Il understand that the country in dis
pute between Great Britain and Venezu-
ella was forsaken by God from the founda-
tlons Of the world, but recently it has
been reported that gold has been discov.
cred In il, and the British people. true to
their instincts, claim it. 1t is said that
the Monroe doctrine requires that Venezu-
ella shall retain it. As understand, it is
utterly worthless, and it is not worth tho
life of one single American citizer. am
not prepared to go to the extent of assum-
ing the quarrel between Great Britain and
Venezuela We may insist that right
shall lie done that weak republic, but we
can go no further. We cannot assume q
protcctorate over the southern republics"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1895-12-20
GRosvENoR NOT IN HARMONY.
Doesn't Seem to Understand the True Mon
roe Doctrine.

Uoesn't Seem to Understand the True Nom
roe Doctrine.
NEW YORK. Dec. 2O.-Congressman Gros,
vcnor, of Ohio, assailed President Cleve-
lands Interpretation of the Monroe doc.
trine at the reunion Of the Eleventh army
corps last night. 1T is long time, in
my judgment" Grosvenor said, before
we shall 5c called upon to face another
war. don't look soon for open hostili.
ties These threats of foreign wars are
useful. They locate germs of wonderful
patriotism. It's cheap and safe to make
them. 1t does not cost great deal. I
don't doubt that the president can be en-
'ightened as TO the true Interpretation OF
the Monroe doctrine"
AT this point Lietenant w. Biedelman,
ex-mayor of Easton, Pa, shouted ez.
citedly: Don't be so sure of that"
II am not quite SD sure" went on G-os.
venor. that the Monroe doctrine is III.
volved in the Venezuelan matter Sup.
pose TINT Spain, after her fruitless and
bootless task to subdue Cuba and being
Impoverished financially, should sell Cuba
to England. don't know that the United
States could interfere under the Monroe
doctrine
Unless Smnlley, the correspondent OF
the London Times, is misteken there is de-
cided objection TO the presidents mes.
sage in the New York Chamber of Com
mcrce. a dispatch from London quotes
him as saying that a meeting of the cham.
bcr will be called and that there Is o
strong feeling Of dissent from the mes
sage In that body. He quotes President
Tappan, of the Gallatin National bank,
as saying: II think the message wicked Z"