davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1895-12-06
NOTICE.

Auction sale of unredeemed pledges,
consisting of diamonds, watches, jewelry
and silverware, commencing Tuesday
morning, Nov. &c, at 10 o'clock, and con-
tinuing from day TO day, at 32S w. Com
merce st. The Michael Loan Co.
IL 26 limo.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1895-12-06
Educational Conference.

BINGHAMToN, N. Y. Dec. g.
The Educational association will
hold large conference here ibis
evening. President SchurmaD, Of
Cornell, will address the gathering.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1895-12-06
DID YOU EVER

Find any money? No! Buy one
of our mems cheviot suits in the
latest patterns at $40 and $3.50,
and If this is not Next to Finding
Money we don't know what is.
IL 5 2t JOSKE BROS.
San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1895-12-06
GET THE BEST

Paints, oils, glass, wall paper and
artists supplies, at reasonable
prices. B. G. RELY, 40 Com
merce street. ll.5 tt
The herald., 1895-09-29
BRAZIL'S TWO
LAST EMPERORS
The Life of Dom Pedro |.
Also of Dom
Pedro Ii
HOW THE ONLY EUROPEAN
Monarchy Was Established in the New
World, With the History of the
Reigning Families and
Their Overthrow
HOW THE ONLY EUROPEAN
BY J. c. Fletcher

"If were not emperor l would be q
republican, This was the remark of
the only American monarch when on a
visit in Paris, to the great French writer,
Victor Hugo. in 1876. Dom Peoro of
Brazil and Victor Hugo have both gone
over to the majority" and their writings
and their deeds now belong to posterity
and they will be judged by their in
trinsic merits. No longer will the world
take the measure of these two men by the
pomp and circumstance eff imperial sur
roundings; or by the glamor of Partisan
salon, where the elite of France met to
,ffer homage to one they considered the
first genius and the first republican of
Europe. Already new circumstances
have arisen (France is republic); new
writer's have appeared and will appear,
fayorites of the present push out the IA
vorites of the past and there are new
styles as well as new mon. Therefore, it
remains to be seen if V ictor Hugo will
maintain the position in generations to
come which he has held in the past gem
Grafton. Whatever may be the future
opinion of Hugo, there@@certainly will be
no decrease in the estimationKfor Dom
Pedro II. of gBrazil, as a wise, patriotic
ruler, as a learned man, and as an up
right specimen OF humanity placed in Pc
The herald., 1895-09-29
MoRRo DO CORONADO, RIO DE JANElRo.

culiar and difficult circum stances. The
abrupt close of his reign, not from any
fault of his own, the sudden demise of
his empress few weeks after exile, and
the death of the emperor himself in two
short years after bidding farewell forever
to Brazil-all lend tinge of tragic inter-
est to the close of his career.
That career I propose briefly to trace.
The first 1 ever heard of Dom Pedro was
from college mate, the late DR.. Morris
of Boston. 1t was in 1912 that we were
both members of the same class at Brown
university at Providence, r. 1. He had
just returned from long voyage in a
man-of-war commanded by his father.
Commodore Morris, U. S. N. The vessel
was long time at Rio de Janeiro in 1s41,
and when the American naval officers
went to pay their respects to the young
emperor at the palace of st. Christopher,
in one of the most beautiful environs of
the Brazilian capital, young Morris. then
in his teens, went in the suit of the COM
modore. / was astonIshed at the account
given me by Morris, for in my little
knowledge of the world at that time,
was not prepared to hear of an intelligent
ruler In South America who was re-
spected at all: of whom his Brazilian
countrymen weresp roud. Moreover. l had
never conceived Of Portuguese or a man
of Portuguese descent, possessing blonde
hair, blue eyes or a fair complexion.
These last we're trif1es, but they made an
impression on me. Ten years from the
time that Morris gave me his account oil
Dom Pedro II. l was resident of Brazil,
The herald., 1895-09-29

from Brazil. the Portuguese parliament
met at Lisbon, and, of course. kunder the
liberal. at least on paper, constitution,
deputies from Brazil were entitled to the
same rights as other deputies. But the
Portuguese deputies looked down upon
the Brazilian members as colonial" and
treated them as such. Indeed, the
Brazilian protests were unheeded, some
of the deputies were thrown into prison,
others were banished. The young vice.
roy in Brazil loved the country of his
adoption and most heartily mbraced the
Brazilian side OF the question. On hear
ing OF the treatment of the Brazilian
deputies by the mother country, he, not
outstanding that he was the heir to the
throne of Portugal Immediately in the
short phrase, independence o morte"
independence or DEATH. made the Bra
lillian declaration of independence on
the Sth Septemb Der, 1922. A few months
after every portion of Brazil was freed
from Portugal, most liberal constitution
was adopted, the freedom OF the press,
right of trial by jury, popular represen
tation on small property basis and toll
Grafton in religion, we're included and a
limited monarchy with Dom Pedro at the
head OF the government with the title of
emperor. Thus Brazil became an empire,
and the descendant of the Braganzas,
Dom Pedro l.. took the oath as ''consti-
tutionai emperor" From 1924 to 1889
that constitution, with scarcely a modifi-
cation, remained the charter Of the coun-
try ana brought to it degree of pros
perity unparalleled in South America.
But Dom Pedro |. was an ambitious
man. He plunged tho country into war
and into debt by engaging in hostilities
with the Spanish American republic of
Uruguay he became somewhat al bitrary
concerning his OWL rights. and finally
preferred abdication to yielding to the
The herald., 1895-09-29

his natural son. Alfonso, the title of
Duke OF Bragsina, his duchy being the
region of which Braganza was the capt.
tai. He was a man of great am billions
an! his successors were OF the same
stripe. From 1880 to 1910 Portugal had
been ABSORBED by Spain, when, in 164O.
the eighth Duke of Braganza aroused the
Portuguese and by various combinations
and hard fought battles, overthrow the
Spaniards anu assembled the throne as
John w. During the Spanish regime
lar-e portion of Northern Brazil had
heen wfested by the Holianders and this
first ragarza-Porgutuese king reconquer-
ed it.
Passing over period of ISL years we
come to the time of the sixth Braganza
monarch, Dom John VI, who. fleeing from
Napoleon's armies, which, under Marshal
Tunt invaded Portugal in 1870, was con-
veyed with his whole court and the royal
archives to Portuguese America on board
of British fleet. He landed in Batina,
the second city of Brazil, in January,
in 1908, and issued a proclamation an
nouncing in effect that Brazil was no
longer a colony but an integral portion of
the kingdom of Portugal, and that,
henceforth, Brazips ports, hitherto by the
narrow policy of the Court of Lisbon
shut out from communication with any
country but Portugal, were now open to
the commerce of the world. From Batina
to Rio de Janeiro was sail of few days
and at This latter city was established
the capital of the Portuguese kingdom for
both sides of the Atlantic. This is the
only instance in history of the govern
ment of mother country being trans
ferred to a colony. New conquests have
been adopted by Kingdoms as the seat of
rule, but no colony, save Brazil. has been
the refuge of the king and people of the
land that founded it.
Il
been kept in colonial dependence for
nearly three centuries. There were rich
planters but great ignorance. The world
depended on Brazil for many valuable
productions but the curse of slavery de-
based the people. The coming of the
court, the opening of the ports. the
touch with the outside world, the estab-
fishing of educational institutions, and.
for the first time, the establishment of
the press caused Brazil to make greater
advances than il had since the discovery
OF the country in April, 1900. by the Por-
tuguese commander. and navigator
Cabral.
Dom John vi. had two sons. Dom
Pedro and Dom Miguel-oue is known in
Portuguese and Brazilian annals for his
fine physical appearance, for his daring
nd for his liberal views; the other was
a m oss-back conservative in both politics
and religion. and he died a few years ago
a reactionary of the first water.
2 In 1921 old Dom John VI. returned to
Portugal and left as his viceroy Dom
Pedro. The court having now retired
The herald., 1895-09-29

particular. as the hot weather is not to
their liking at all. Great care is taken
with the animals from the tropical re-
gions to prevent their catching cold, and
for this reason those who come under this
class are given only sprinkling.
The monkey house is a lively place in
the morning. The dozens of monkeys
there are all very hungry, and when the
keeper begins to make the rounds with
the breakfast there are twenty lights in
as many seconds. One OF the monkeys
there caught cold about six months ago
and whisky was given him in frequent
doses. This monkey, the keeper AYERS,
tries to impose upon them by coughing.
On two OCCASIONS. they say, he succeeded
in his purpose of making them believe
he had cold, and consequently was in
need of whisky. This shows that the
monkey is something of logician: He
knew the whisky was given him for
certain cause, and his mental powers
were quick to settle upon the reason of
it. The keepers say that it will go hard
with this monkey il he should contract a
genuine cold. Perhaps if the monkey
had been tfifie cleverer and had thought
to expose himself in some way, so that
he would catch cold, he might have had
the whisky without jeopardizing his rep
utation for honesty.
1t sometimes happens that in the busy
hours of the early morning couple of
| the monkeys escape through tne, Keepers
leaving the cage door open second too
long. Such an escape makes plenty of
excitement. The monkeys always make
for the nearest tree, but their CAPTIVITY
has made them comparatively slow, and
the agile keeper, with big scoop net on
the end of a long pole. has little trouble
in landing them. During the escape the
other monkeys become terribly excited
and the men who have made study OF
them through long ASSOCIATION say that
there is no doubt but that they are jab-
bering about the escape to one another.
Before long New York will have zoo
which will more than equal that of any
of the great cities of the world. particu-
larry those OF Berlin and London. The
collection of animals and birds now COM
| pares favorably with that of any city,
but the buildings are the same as twenty
| years ago.
1t is the intention to select another site
in the park and erect new set of build
ings. in which every mooern convenience
for the care of all kinds of animals viii
be introduced. AS they have become bet
ter nderstood in late years, animals
which have heretofore died II captivity
now thrive under the changed conditions
for their welfare, and with proper facili.
ties it is believed that many which have
never survived the climatic changes here
can be made to prosper in health.
The herald., 1895-09-29

morning, before half of the town is
awake. is the hour to see the show. Then
is the time when something can be learn
ed about the extreme care taken OF tue
greas beasts which seem to need 1t SO 1T
tie. Yet the most ferocious and terrible
of them receive the tender attention that
is lavished by mother upon child.
If the man, or woman, or better yet, the
chilu, will get up in time to be at the Zoo
about 6 O clock in the morning, some odd
sights can BIZ seen. The big houses on
the other side of Fifth avenue, the great
palaces OF the Gould. Aston, Mills, In
man, Gerry families, and further away
the vast pile of masonry in which Cor
nelius Vanderbilt lives, will all be shut
tight as a drum, and everything about
them as quiet as the country church
yard.
But this stiffness onlv accentuates the
activity and the hustle about the animals.
The herald., 1895-09-29

most enjoyable part of the morning pro3
gramme. A second Keeper, armed with
a broom with bristles 50 stiff that they
would tear the flesh from the bones of a
man, then begins to sweep the elephant
off, When the broom gets in the neigh
borhood of the elephants ear the sensa-
ton is evidently delightful one, as his
physiog omy relaxes until it becomes as
near to a broad grin as tho elephant Is
capable Of
THAT fellow would lie here for the
whole day if l would keep on tickling
him in his ear, with this broom" says
the keeper, and he evidently spoke the
truth. When the bath of the second Gle
plant was concluded the first elephant
reluctantly got upon his feet and then
looked sobery at his companion. who
was enjoying the ''sweep off,"
All this time the rhinoceros, who has
big stall In the elephant house, looked
out sadly upon the happy scene upon che
grass. He is too fierce to be trusted in
the open air,and be is kept inside all the
year around. The keepers, however car
ried the hose over to his stall and gave
him liberal bath. He probably enjoyed
it, but his face failed to show it. The
keepers never give him the luxury OF a
sweep off, and this slight may have
soured his disposition.
Early morning is also the happy time
for hippopotami. There are three OF
them in the iamily-Caliph. Mrs. Murphy
and Fat,ma. The latter Is the baby and
the two former are the parents. The baby
now weighs considerably more than a
ton. Their quarters are divided into
three sections, one-half of the whole be-
ing taken up by deep tank, the sides OF
which are stone. The other half is divided
into two sections, one of which Caliph
occupies and the other IS used by Fatima
and her mother. All three formerly had
the same quarters, until Caliph displayed
q disposition to row with his infant
daughter, who. although she is only four
years old, is able to put up stiff tight,
and IL was feared that some serious dam
age would be done. particularly as Mrs.
Murphy always sided with the baby
against the paternal authority.
Every morning the great tank is filled
with fresh water, and then Caliph's gate
is thrown open and he loses no time in
getting beneath the surface. The mother
and daughter have never taken kindly to
this arrangement. After PHI has soaked
himself tor an hour he is uriven back and
the other two go into the water. Later in
the day, when they have quoted down.
all three are allowed in the tank together.
but at the first signs of disagreement the
keepers separate them by prodding them
with iron pointed hooks.
All the large animals, like the lions.
tigers, bears, leopards, hyenas, have the
hose turned on them every morning, and
although the keepers saw they like the
bath, few of them looked it, with the
exception OF the bears. 1t was the great
est kind of sport for the polar bears in
The herald., 1895-09-29

Capital exhibitions of fancy diving are
often given from the pier at One Hundred
and fifty fifth street and the Hudson iv-
err. New York. Dives from the top of
piers fifteen or eighteen feet above the
water are gracefully accom- plished. varied
by back-hand springs, somersaults and
twist" A daring dive was made the
other day by young man from tall
pier. The cable of steamer stretched to
the pier, passing about eight feet in front
of where the athlete stood. Yet he cleared
it nicely in his dive. Excellent long dis.
taEce sw mers are to be seen here also.
Some of them think nothing of a jaunt to
the New JERSEY side, although the Hud-
son is broad river at this point. One
young woman has crossed several times.
1t takes her about an hour to swim across.
The herald., 1895-09-29
HAPPY TIMES FOR THE ELEPHANTS

or instance, the wolf and the jackal.
There are recorded examples of tanned
wolves, which in gentleness, love for
their masters and intelligence showed a
truly doglike capacity. With regard to
tanned jackals, Darwin has pointed out
that, when caressed, they jump about for
Joy, wag their tails. lower their ears,
lick their masters hands, crouch down
and even throw themselves on the ground
feet forward. When frightened they carry
their tails between their legs. On the
other hand, it is understood that, what
ever animal We may consider his pro-
genitor, the domes tication of the dog be-
gan at an epoch exceedingly remote. The
fossil remains OF large dog have been
found in tertiary deposits. and there is
no doubt that the dog existed In do
mestioated state during prehistoric
times. His bones are discovered III the
she'll heaps of Denmark and in the lake
dwellings of Switzerland.
The dog meets US in the dawn of his.
tory, for such varieties as the hound,
greyhound and watch dog are depicted
on Egyptian monuments 5000 years Old.
1t is well-known that in Egypt the dog
was worshipped under the tiIle of Anubis,
and dog mummles have been found. Their
is mastiff figured on an Assyrian sculp-
ture belonging to 64u b. q.
The fact IS often overlooked that dogs
were used by the Greeks and Romans, not
only in the chase and for running down
escaped prisoners, but for war, being
armed for tina. purpose not only with
spiked collars. but with coat of mail.
1t is said that Corinth was on one occas-
ion saved by fifty war dogs, which foiled
a r light attack OF the enemy, lighting I'M
til all were killed but one, which succeed
ed in arousing the garrison. 1t is worth
noting that, according to some natural.
lists. the Newfoundland and st. bernard
dogs form group by themselves, derived
neither from wolves nor jackals, but from
a distinct species of progenitors. 1t is a
disputed question whether the Newfound'
land dog is indigenous to North Americs
or was introduced either by the Nor
wegians in the year 1000 or by Cabot In
1887. Bearing on this question is the
interesting fact that the Norwegians ha W
dogs closely resem bling the Newfound
land breed. The Dingo dog of Australis
does certainly seem to constitute a dis
tinct species, since it is now found in
both wild and domesticated state in
that country, and its fossil remains are
associated with those of extinct nam
mails. Philadelphia Times.
The herald., 1895-09-29

the twenty-rater. Niagara. in English
waters, and captured many prizes. He
has also captured some English fads, one
of them being o smokers companion for
the pocket, made of gold and with his
initials set in tiny diamonds. 1t is fash
toned precisely after one that Wales uses
and it is ne edless to say cost pretty
penny. 1t is divided into many ingeni-
Gus compartments, so that the owner can
smoke either pipe, cigars or cigarettes,
as his fancy dictates.
The one side is devoted to the required
space for four cigars, while the other is
given up to miniature silver and briar
pipe, half dozen cigarettes. a place for
matches and space for small quantity o
tobacco. Mr.. Gould is small sis hit young
man. less than five feet six in height and
not weighing more than 120 pounds, yet
he smokes big black cigars which would
stagger giant. They cost $50 a hundred,
but the ordinary man has no use for
them.
Chauncey Depew is a non-smoker,. but
he has his tobacco fad like less gifted
mortals. Twenty years ago. when Mr..
Depew was not burdsned with wealth,
The herald., 1895-09-29

These hot days they are in their summer
quarters, where they can get the benefit
of the breezes blowing through the park,
ana where those from the equatorial
regions are probably reminded of the
balmy air of early morning in the tropics.
1t is worth the trip alone TO watch the
hilarious capers of the elephants, who,
in their large way, enjoy the morning
immensely. They summer out in the
large green just back of thor winter
homes. and about the first thing their
keepers do is to turn hose on them.
One elephant is dfenched at time, wi lie
the other looks on with impatient envy.
The looK of solid satisfaction and keen
enjoyment which permeates the counten-
ance of the elephant being sprink led
would make a fortune for some painter if
he could successfully transfer it to can
vas.
After his great bodv has bean tn orou h :
The herald., 1895-09-29
THE EMPERoR's PALACE.

and official duties gave me nearness of
aecsss to the emperor. Then began a
friendship which existed until Dom
Pedro's death in 1892.
The whole story of the American off
shoot of one OF the Oldest royal families
OF Europe has all the clemens of ro-
nance. The Braganzas have been kings
of Portugal from 1640, and until 1889 Por-
tueuese- America fBraziD was governed
indirectly as a colony, or directly by
mem bers of the royal house of Braganza.
They came of an energetic race. Manv
Of them have been brave warriors and
energetic as rulers. In the province of
Traz- as Monies, in Northern Portugal.
the traveller will find the little city of
Braganza, (the Brigantia of the Roman
smpire.) Away back fifty years before
Columbus discovered America John /.
king Of Portugal lcalied from his yalor
nd energy, the Great) conferred upon
The herald., 1895-09-29
in EARLY MORN
AT THE zoo
How the Wild Animals
Are Tenderly
Cared For
THE ELEPHANT is SWEPT
And Enjoys It.--Jealousy of the Rhi-
noceros and Domestic Troubles
Of the Hippopotamus
Are Amusing
THE ELEPHANT is SWEPT

The stranger who makes an occasion al
visit to the metropolis probably knows
more about the Eco in Central park than
do many of the residents of New York.
This is the season of the year when the
city is filled with visitors from the south
west and New England, and one of the
first places they go to is that particular
section of the park given up to the ami
mails.
But most of them go at the hour when
the park is filled with people, and that is
not the time to see the collection in its
most interesting phase. Early in the
The herald., 1895-09-29

he was smoker and he smoked good
cigars. too. He spent something like $50
a month in this luxury and then he de-
cided TO quit. He claims now that the
cigars he didn't buy paid for the hne
house he now lives in on West Fifty
fourth street.
AS this house is worth at least $780,
600 this assertion by Mr.. Depew seems
an exaggeration, but it must b. remem-
berel that the great takers is also a
Mr.. Depew had saved 5000 to $1,000 by
not smoking. Give him another ten
years to manipulate those few tn ousand
dollars and with the countless opportu-
mites for money-making always at his
disposal, the $4,000 or $1,000 in a decade
will have grown to $50, 900 or $40, OOU.
Given few more years the latter sums
will have been doubled.
Mr.. Depew has been credited with be.
ing the original of the old cigar and
block of-houses story. He had been a
non-smoker foi ten years or so. when he
met an old friend, an inveterate smoker.
According to the legend. Mr.. Depew be-
gan an argument on the eivl worked
and the waste of money of the tobacco
habit.
Take your own case, john" he said.
You have been a steady smoker for
twenty-five years and at an average cost
OF 5000 year you have spent $12, 500.
That money, if it had been saved year
by year and judiciously invested, would
amount to 100000 by this time. You
should be the owner today of a block of
houses; you have actually smoked up a
fortune.'
John listened quietly to the flow Of WIS.,
dom and after little time said:
Say, Depew, you don't smoke, do
yon2'
"No. sir; do not" said Chauncey,
proudly.
Haven't smoked for years, have you
Depew?"
mo, sir, 1 have not" said Chauncey,
with increasing pride.
Say, Depew," said John confidential.
ly, where's your block of houses?'
Perhaps it was this hard call-down
which determined Mr.. Depew to convert
tobacco money into real estate.
Senator Davis of Minnesota is famous
IN Washington because of his cigars. He
buys the best that can be had and this
strongest and blacklist. He buys them
in 1000 lots and pays 5000 per thousand
for them. Sometimes he smokes as MANY
as dozen day, but his nerves never
seem to be affected.
1t is said that when the Minnesota
statesman was young man and much
poorer than he is today, he made vow
that If he ever became rich he would
smoke the finest cigars that he could buy
and smoke them all day long too. II he
made such a vow he is living up to it.