Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1895-12-07

won to his side by exemptng them from
the Jurisdiction OF their righliul bishops,
but, above all their own mutual Jealous
les, operating with telling force against
their efforts Tor freedom until they were
at length compelled TO yield to Papal
despotsm.
Thus successful over the churches, the
Holy See now directed greater attention
to the subiugation OF tie state. AS be
fore limited, the Generalization Of the
latter by the broils OF the Carolingian
princes would have rendered this com.
paratively easy but for the mire Of utter
VICE and degradation into which the
papal chair itself was fallen In the
ninth and tenth centuries we ind the
latter often disposed OF by Immoral
women, TO their paramouts and iavorites
and the grossest immoralities practiscd
in a court and by the occupants Of a
throne that pretended to be highest Of
any on earth, that aimed 10 govern all
other sovereigns and claimed 10 repre-.
sent the Sovereign God, The papal
office became a bone Of contention be.
tween the lords OF the Italian ieudalism,
being bestowed In tenure as sort Of
appanage or pfincely dover upon the
house that proved itself strongest in the
contest. In this the house OF Tuscany
generally gained the ascendency.
In 1913 Theophylact, a scion Of the
noble family OF Tuscany, a boy Of
twelve years, brought UP IN vice and
dcbauchrry, was placed upon the Papal
throne with the title Of Benedict lN.
His manhood did not belle bis early
promise. Adultery, murder, cNloftion
and tyranny illuminated IN his sale OF
the sacred office to relative, John,
whose papal title became Gregory VI
The disgusted people had already re-
solved to deposc their sensual spiritual
head and had appointed rival pope In
the person OF John, bishop Of Sabina
with the title OF Sylvester Ill. The
powerful kindred OF Benedict brought
the prodigal back to reclaim his dis.
honored throne. Here was a "prctty
kettle OF fish"-three rival popes, each
denounCing the other and ready TO de.
iend his pretensions with armed iorccl
But Nemesis was at their heels
Henry III, emperor Of Germany, re.
ceivcd a hint Of what was going on IN
his Italian principally and made a sud-
den descent upon Il TO ascertain facts
| for himself The result was that he de-
termined to cleanse the sacred chair by
discharging It's corrupt, conIending
incumbents and substituting a Pope "
his own appointing II, OF the
abbey Of Cluny In Burgundy, where a
vigorous reform had recently been in
stltuted. Three similar appointments
succeeded this from the same abbey.
The wgor and uprighiness Of this new
line Of popes, eminent among whom was
Leo TX, formed the strongest possible
contrast with the proceeding admins
tfaiions, retrieved the honor that had
been 50 sullied and lost, and instituted
the reform and iirmer establishment OF
the church.
Again the papacy prosecuted IL pol.
icy Oi spiritual and temporal encroach'
meat which had been retarded by the
degrading vices OF It's representatives,.
It's most conspicuous doctrine was that
he who exalted the church proved
thereby the victory Of the spirit over the
flesh, the triumph OF God and religion
owe the world and the devil.
Hildebrdnd who assembled the papal
throne In 1913 as Gregory VII seemed
almost the embodiment OF all that was
most worldly and ambitious In this pfin.
cple lie claimed equal authority over
each bishop In Chrisiendom with that Of
an abbot over the inmates OF his monas.
Try, and supplemented this pretense
with a similar claim Of supremacy over
I lay members, no matter how aristocraiic
or royal they might be.
We must here dlgress for a few mo.
I ments to show how these aggfessions
produced the greatest turmoil and con.
iention OF the middle ages
The iuyagfttura Rf .pigg.pal rNta-rr
by the laiiy (Which was prIcticed most
~ Dy kings and emperers) was resuluts-
| ly opposed by Gregory. That l., the
temporal estates snd honors winch were
concomitant with the Office OF bishop OF
clerk clergyman had not only been
granted by laymen with the iendAl cefc-
monies and conditions but had been the
cause OF spiritual offices beng hestown
upon iavofltes or upon such as could
bargain and pay for them tan abusC
known IN that day by the name VI
slmony). The emperor had also cNtr-
cised the function oi Nominating recon-
| mending, or confirming the pope. The
temporal emouments and proud hon
ors and rich estates which had accom-
panied the Offices IN the church, were
too good to be surrendered Tor the bare
| fHIlAAhA llNlhkatlNNa VI INllklnAs Vie
CORY aimed TO emancipate the church
from the imperial suzerainty, to render
her wholly Independent OF all temporal
authority, and yet not only retain al
material interests and possessions bu
material aud civil authority and power a,
well. lie argued that Tor eccleslaslics t.
receive investiture at the hands oflaymer
was to subject the higher Tor the Lowell
principle aud he issued a decree forbid
ding the practice, either in receiving OF
granting, upon pain Of excommunica
tion. The emperor and nobility weT,
tenacious OF their rights OF investitur
and the clergy were as DESTROYS TO re
tain their rights OF acceptance; but tn,
the populace were on the side Of Gre
cory and the protracted turmoils know