davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

been foremost in the training or the body,
and have given us two systems, each hav-
ing q national character. Both of these
are excellent in many ways, but each is
lacking n various clements which seem es-
sential to the broad physical culture of
the great mass Of public school children
Of our city. 1t has seemed best to unite
the Strengthening qualities OF both these
systems. choosing the best exercises from
each, changed and modified according to
principles of grace, and % add such general
exercises for aesthetic 81 ure as will re-
fine the manners, and help TO create and
cultivate love for tue beautiful in form
and motion.
Systematic work is secured by applying
the following tests, which seem necessary
in system OF physical culture: l. Is the
work based upon the needs and laws of the
human body? 2. Does it aim to secure a
good carriage, symmetrical development,
and to aid in securing to each pupil his
maximum of growth? 3. Is the whole
a unit or entirety, with dependent parts
joined for definite purposes? 4. Are
the parts sequential, proceeding from the
simple to the difficult, aiming at definite
and related results as the work advances?
.. Is it graded, and thereby adapted to
the age of the pupil?
The exercises lead from those which are
simple to those which are complex. One
exercise often forms the basis for another
To be given in a following lesson. Later
in the year simple exercises are combined.
Thus the years work by progression makes
one connected whole, one part being de-
pendent on another
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

physical power would come increased brain
power
The first attempt in the direction OF
physical training was made in the year
1883, under Superintendent Wilson For
two years instruction was given to the
pupils and teachers Of the normal school by
Mr.. Nilsson, trained gymnaSt. Although
this was the only work done by a special
teacher, gymnastic exercises Were given
heretofore by individual teachers in their
sChoolroomS to a greater or less extent
In the year-1SS9 physical training was
introduced into all the white schools of the
city and District. This work was given in
charge of the present director and two as
sistants. At that time only few cities,
and these mostly in the west, had taken this
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
he supnosed She Said It.

Mrs. Mary A. Livermorc is a woman re-
vered alike in her family and neighborhood,
yet Der greatness does not always appeal
to a certain small boy who belongs in the
vicinity. He was one day found by bis
sister swinging on the gate. When she
reprimanded him for doing what he was
forbidden, the irreverant youth remarked
II don't care for ma, nor pa, nor You,
nor the OK, nor the ass. nor anything that's
anybody's." ''Ob, Willie" exclaimed
the shocked little girl, do you know who
wrote those words you use so?" Don't
care" was the reply. Mrs. Livermore,
'sIA-HA. Boston Home Journal
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

Running, light jumping and percussion
mo yemeuts are popular aud inCrea Sc
the circulation. The enthusiasm aroused
by platform work gave an opportunity
to the health teacher TO bring before the
students the educational rather than the
spectacular side OF the work.
They were led TO consider the weakness
of unusual ''spurts' for show purposes,
and strength that comes from steady
daily practice for mental and physical
balance.
Out of this platform work grew a desire
to improve. Special defects were noted
and numerous applications came III for
curative exercises.
Several girls who had pronounced hip
or spinal trouble were sent to reliable
physicians.
Indian clubs were actually prescribed by
one physician; another one not so wise
sent the following certificate: please
excuse Daisy from health exercises as
they are injurious TO her" Rather a bull,
but theu he had never seen any uf the ex-
ercises. and how could he help squirting
rhetorically?
The gymnasium benches were brought
into requisitiou and trunk-Ifting exer
ciSes were taken u promote digestion and
strengthen back and waist muscles.
The last quarters work has been de
voted to drills arranged for musical ac-
compartment. These orders are being
memurized to induce practice during va
cation.
The great purpose Of our work is to
create a hive for physical exercise and
loathing for that arch-eneny of mankind
indOIeuce.
Now dear parents when you are tempted
to overlook the chiId's physical interest
remember this:
when we are unwilling to have past
ideas undergo rigid examination. when we
cling To old customs and comforts in spite
of what science teaches us, we may know
old a ge is overtaking us"
E r WALTON
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

mand, precision of movement being insisted
upon. In this way the work is valuable
as means of training nerve centers.
These centres, acting when movement
is made, when that movement is repeated
will act with more eXactneSs thereby
forming habits. Thus control over the
muscles and their obedience to the will
is secured
Such instruction is going on daily in
every schooIroom in the District Eight
years of this work cannot fail 10 leave
its beneficial influence on the thousands
of children who attend our schools. The
obvious results of such training as seen
by the teachers are that pupils are ubeying
more promptly word of command, exc
cutting more accurately, getting more control
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

The qualifications which warrant the
introduction Of an exercise into the school
room are four in number. First, it must
have definite physical purpose. Second,
il must be adapted 10 the age of the child.
Third, if must be simple enough to be under
stood by the child and led by the teacher.
Fourth, it must be practicable under the
limitations OF the sehool-room.
Many exercises. excellent n them
selves, yet failing, to meet one or more
of the above requirements must be rejected
from a course of study for ordinary school
use. The first requisite is all-important
IN a scientific system of physical training.
1t has been the aim to avoid desultory
gymnastic work. Indeterminate move
meHtS have no educational value either
from the standpoint Of health or harmonious
development.
The Germans and swedes have always
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
Teacher of Health in the High School.

Even More Fatal Than Physician.
Fuddy-You say that Cheffery has slain
histhousands. Has he beeua soldier, orare
you only joking and mean that he is
physician"
Duddy-Afy dear fellow, never wasmOre
serious in all my life. No, sir, he is neither
soldier nor doctor. He is the publisher of a
cook book.-Boston Transcript.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

All new eight-Toom school buildings
are automatically ventilated by the Smead
system. In buildings not thus ventilated,
windows are keptlowered an equal distance
to admit air sufficient to preserve the purity
of the same. The temperature ofthe room,
as indicated by the thermometer, is noted
at three stated times during the day and
recorded on the blackboard by pupil.
thereby reminding the teacher of the condi-
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

Each lesson in all grades Of the work,
containing its exercises for each part of
the body, is planned to occupy about fiji
teen minutes daily, These exercises, culled
from different sources. or originated by
the special teacher are chosen with special
reference To their hyGienic value. Much
of school work being done while sitting at
desk, the phySicap tendency is inward
and downward. For this reason exercises
which stretch the muscles outward and
back ward are given special Importance,
thereby cuunteradtiuG the effect of sitting
while at work. Deep breathing, with or
without arm movements, forms a part of
every lesson. Movements which bear
directly on the internal organs, aiding the
involuntary muscles to do their work, are
given. A group of such exercises sue
cessively calling into action the neck,
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

over their muscles, becoming less awkward
in movement, improving in carriage and
moving more quietly. This Improvement
has been so gradual, that it is doubtful
if we appreciate how much has been
accomplished in the last six years. 1t
was noticed by experts, that the candidates
who presented themselves for promotion
tothe normal schoola ttherecenteXamination
showed in marked degree the effect Of
this training.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

in the third and fourth, and the fifth and
sixth grades, and eliminating in tie use
OF wandsln he seventh grade I'd dunn bbells
in the eighth grade. This grading cor
responds with different degrees of bodily
development.
physical exercises form a connecting link
bet the plays and games of the
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

III deep breathing, in rising and sitting with
ease and In ia king exercises which lead up
TO good carriage of the body in walking.
Special attention wa devoted to expanding
chests and Strengthening backs movements
being given which had direct bearing on
these parts. With these came exercises to
raise the ribs. increasing their mobility
and thereby the capacity OF the chest.
thisconnectionm many stretching exercises
for all parts OF the body were given to
counterfeit the tendency in every day life
to overuse of the flexor and the neglect
of the eXtensor muscles
With the growing powers of the children,
each new year has seen exercises once
taken in higher grades executed in lower
grades, until now in the sixth year OF its
development the work has become so
thoroughly graded and systematized that
it forms a broad working basis for the
future. A nomenclature has been settled
upon Which simplifies the work for the
regular teacher.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

All the larger cities have introduced gym
nastics in the public schools. The child
who entersthe frstg radeinthe Washington
public schools and graduates viii have had
niue years OF mental and physical culture.
Surely the next generation or women should
be ready, armed cap-a-pIe for the battle OF
life. Ii IS our purpose 10 convince every
pupil that to produce mental cultivation
without its cOTTelative physical condition
is TO produce nothing less than failure.
But the parents must help Us. We are
not merely fitting these girls for gTadUa-
ton but for life, and tie parents must
see to it that the body is not starved
in the endeavOr To cram the mind
The report submitted TO the principal OF
the high school Will give some idea OF our
plan OF work
After putting forth the Improvement over
last years work, the two central topics,
attention and ''COnce- cation are
treated. Every set of exercises bas orders
which can only b., mastered by close mental
ard physical attention
Exercises to promote graceful and easy
carriage, correct sitting and standing habits
are iucuicated. As soon Us the exercises
in harmonic pOise are under way the cor
set crusade begins, for stays and Steels
are not very comfortable or safe when
worn by girls INDUCING in the exercise
meant 10 strengthen the back and chest
During the second quarter the spi-
rOmeter, for testing I he lung capacity, was
used With splendid results.
The results impressed the pupils as
no arguments could. Advice was sought
on the subject of deep breathing, and
chest expansion exercises became popular.
Our principal resurrected some old chest
lifts from the basement and had them
placed in a well lighted room.
The third quarter was spent in eXer-
cises for general develOpment-stre
and devitaIiZing.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

While the interest in the various night
schools does not cease nor the high standard
Of the teaching decrease, stllthe attendance
averages about the same from year to year,
showing that at present the system, en-
bracing both the city and county, isadequate
for the demands made upon it.
The teachers employed are almost univer-
sally taken from the day school corps
and il has been proved that these teachers
by their experience are far better adapted
to the work than those taken from outside
who frequently think that the night school
is good place to experiment as stepping
stone into the day schools. It has also
been found that those schools whose
principals have held the same school from
year to year are by far the best conducted
and do the greatest good to those attending
them.
The following figures showing the status
Of the white schools this year areinteresting
as compared with those of the first year
OF the night school scheme.
Appropriation s................S3,5 UO
Number ofteachers. Observation-Disclosures. 81
Whole enrolment =. 1,241
Average enrolment Observation-Disclosures. 466
The curriculum below the high school
embraces arithmetic, including some knowl-
edge of business FORMS English, including
composition, reading, grammar and spell
ing. United States history and government
ofthe United States, penma nship, geography,
and lectures i'll physiology and physics.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
Not Competent to Judge.

Miss Chatter-what fooIknlers cigar
cites are. Don't you think so, Mr. Moo
dleby?
Mr.. Noodleby-Weally, I couldn't say,
Miss Chatter. 1 never smoked one in my
life, dontcherknow.-Life.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

Whatever measure OF success has been
reached, it is TO tie great body OF faithful
teachers in tie District that most OF the
credit is due. II has been accomplished
through their patient, untiring daily ef-
forts
Holding in view the results of the work
OF the last six years, we cannot but hope
for a brighter future when sound minds
in sound bodies shall NO longer be an
ideal, but an accomplished fact in our Wash
iugton schools, ana when school DAYS
VIII mean TO our children a working toward
physical as well as mental perfection
REBECCA STONEROAD,
Director OF PHYSICAL Training
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

be adapted to his size OF body. The In
PRODUCTION OF such furniture viii 90 away
with what is row the NEST Objectionable
feature of our schools.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
With th6 Body Strong
The Brain Is K0tiu0
PHYSICAL CULTURE AND WHAT
1T HAS DONE FOR YOUTH.
Patient Efforts for the Bodily
Welfare of Children in
the Public Schools.
"araoo is to the body what good sense is to the

La RochefoacGuld
7oR many years those having in
charge the welfare of our children
in school have realized that every
thing possible should be done to
make the conditions of the schooIroom ia
voraole TO health, to make it place where
bodily growth keeps pace with growth OF
mind As educators, interested in the best
Development of children, they appreciated
the value of physical training as a factor
in that development. They realized that
with physical gain the possibility oe moral
and mental gain would be increased; that
a healthy child would have greater chance
for moral growth, and that with greater
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

At the present time there are live
grades of work beginning with simple
natural movements having muc:i of
the element of play in the first and second
grades, continuing with precise gymnastics
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

is, and everybody knows
there's a bargain here wait
ing for him. So it is now.
This season has been too
backward for clothing. Here
it is June, and the weather is
still out of keeping with the
times. We must force a
clearing out of summer cloth
ing nothing shall be carried
over. The stock is entirely
new and we will never let it
get behind that.
As to prices-our IS PER
c E n 7. r E d U CTION
from OUR prices is really
more than that, if We took the
prices ofothers for a standard.
As this department has only
been in existence about q
months, we bought our stock
when the tariff was off, and
could afford to make our
prices way down. All mixed
fancy and plain cassimeres-
and black and blue cheviots,
the productions of the best
tailors- are in the sale Eve
rything has our guarantee.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

-Elmo
y every ooHlmCnity there are many per-
sous TO whom the advantages of tie cay
schools are not accessible because the
time usually devoted to educational
pus poses nust be Used for tie procuring
OF he necessities OF Inc. IN a large city
Is tGis especially TIE whCTe there are so
many yoGTg persons who must support
tn .nselyes by tier own eli. orts, and on
WON So frequently tails the duty OF
clothing and Feeding q widowed mother
or perhaps orpfaued brothers and sister.
TLuse have no time To attend the day schools,
but must safety their longing for an edaca-
tOl3 and their ambition Tor letter station
IN iIfe which such education helps to secure
by attending school at such tines as their
We pJ rnuts. For sUCL Is ttCsc n most
d: ervlng aud verify rant Of any cIty's
population, and Tor such grown men and
women rs nave through necessity been
deprived OF tie means o. getting an eGgca-
tlCH or through IL glect have Iailed TO
tGLe advantage or a pLblIc school system,
bu; who have late in life come TO q IealiZa-
tloH q the great benefits accruing from an
ed cation, Lave night schools Teen thrown
open.
2Ithe fan of1SS5 number Of chartably-
lncilned ladies of this city organ lied
III, nlselyes INTO a body fer tie purpose Of
Taising fund Tor the education or such
persons ~ Wa hinEtCn as CcuId net attend
The DAY schools, but Were anxious to acquire
Knows ledge. BY their efforts sufficient
money was raised with which. together
with a nsau sun available from the ap-
preparation for public schools through Con-
Er,sS. four schools were organized, two
for White aud TWO for Colored pupils
The white schools were located III the
Franklin School building, while the ses-
sions Of those for Cuiored youths were
held in the Sumner school. each school
having a corps Of four teachers, one
PRINCIPAL ard tETCe assistants, or sixteen
teachers !oI tie entire system.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

are confident that much good has been ac-
complished'
Ten schools, including the school OF
cookery, having an Enrichment OF 1852
persons, We're taught by twenty four
teachers at all expense or So, during
the year.
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
knowledge 006kinq
Hfk0r Shutdown
HELP GIVEN BY NIGHT SCHOOLS
TO BUSY MAGE FARMERS
Usefulness of a Branch That
Should Receive Every Aid
and Encouragement.

",aar environments are stumbling blocks, or
Btel ping stones, JUS we use them"
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

Manual training was introduced into
the night school curriculum during the year
1SS9-90, i school OF cookery and one of
sewing having been started. The former,
testified 10 by the large attendance. was
very successfully conducted, but, after
few lessons in sewing, those attending
We're so few IN number that il was deemed
advisable TO drop this branch OF study at
that time.
Admission TO these classes is open to any
one rot pupil in the graded schools Many
persons have been prepared by the cooking
lessons to do more OF the work at home
and many Others enabled to establish homes
been successful Those who have kept
house and done much of the cooking have
frequently given the assurance that they
have gained much valuable information
from the lessons. The work with these
classes was essentially the same as that
given n the day schools.
Another important feature in connec-
tion with the night schools during the
year was the assigning OF a teacher to
the Ne wsboys' Home That this ex-
pansiOn OF the system was attended with
success the following letter from Mary
=. Ferrv. the secretary of the Newsboys'
and Children's Aid Society, will show:
II am requested by the ladies of the
Newsboys' and Children's Aid Society to
thank you for your kindness in furnishing
the home with a teacher for the night
school the past year. The school has
proved a great success and Mr. Murch a
faithful ard efficient teacher. The class
of boys has been a large one, including
both colored md white chtldrsn aid we
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

Great pains were taken in the planning
and Organizing OF these schools. and con
stant care was taken that they should be
carefully and systematically continued
The results Of the trial year were both amaz-
lug and encouraging, and as a fitting testi-
m0nial 10 ihe urgent necessity for the ex-
lstencc o. night schools IN conjunction with
large City systeIn OF pubic schools The
attendance vas far IN excess Of al aHtici-
patiORs ana To such an extent as TO neccs-
State the turning away Of many who were
anxious to take advantage Of the free
evening training There was an average
nightly enrolment of about 800 for the
white schools. and Of about ESQ FOR the
Colored schools,
Those who came the first Eight. with the
exception 90 some few who dropped in
out OF curiosity, or as mere Adventures,
perhaps. continued with unabated zeal and
attention through the thiTty-seven sessions
10 the final closing of the schools in AprH,
1856. Three nights OF each week from
Z 10 2 were devoted to study at school
of the English branches Including reading
spelling and English composition arithmetic
United states history and geography. leav-
iug the other evenings for home study and
recreation.
1t was very gratifying 10 those In charge
to note the interest and perseverance with
which the young men and women took ad-
vantage Of the opportunities afforded them
for their improvement.
Thus We're the beginnings of the night
schools in connection with the public school
system Of the District OF Columbia, which
now Occupg such an important place n the
education Of the youth OF Washington
The Washington times., 1895-06-19

During the next year there were three white
schools, instead of two. with four teachers
each for which onc-half of an appropriation
OF $4,000 obtained from Congress was
available TO the white schools. The in
crease Of attendance was great. showing
the interest which the schools had created
the first year, and attesting the great
value Of night schools as an eduCative force
Five hundred and forty-four pupils were
enrolled IN the various schools, located at the
Franklin, the Henry and he Peabody build
ings, for the first six divisions These
buildings Were located so as to accomplish
the greatest good TO the greatest number.
The curriculum was extended so as to
embrace besides the studies of the previous
year courses Of lectures on physiology and
hygiene, physical geography and civil gov
ernment. A careful canvas or the pupils
attending the nigh sc!lo ols showed that all
wereengaged during the day in some useful,
bread-earning occupation, and were thus
prevented from attending the day schools
Superintendent Powell in his report for
1SS9-90, says: The value of night schools
has become more apparent year by year.
"A few pupils come 10 each school at
its opening for adventure, or they come
expecting 10 find learning made easy
but being deleatedin the one or disappointed
in the other, soon withdraw.
This dropping orr of attendance leaves
most earnest, deserving company of learn
ers
NO money or efforts expended for edu-
cation in the District gives relatively
more valuable or satisfactory returns than
that paid for the night schools"
The Washington times., 1895-06-19
The Crystal Washing Machine
New Lawn Sprinkler.

OFFICE, NO $40 E ST. n. W.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1895-06-14
uod,ea Presorved by Choko-Damp.


A curious story, illustrating the pre-
servative properties of choke-damp,
comes from China. In the province of
Anhul a party of miners recently Hruck
an ancient shaft where history records
!l,at a great catastrophe occurred four
hundred years ago. The miners on
'pening the old shaft came upon up
ard Of one hundred and seventy
nDdies of the former workers lying
~here they had been overcome with
;oul gases four centuries back. The
eorpses were as il life had left them
..csterday, quite fresh looking, and not
dccayed in any way. On an attempt
being made to move them outside for
burial they crumbled away. leaving
nothing but q pile of dust and the rem
nants of the stronger part Of their
clothing. The miners, terrified, fed
from the spot, and, though there we're
valuable deposits of coal in the shaft,
nothing would induce the superstitious
men to return to their work!