davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
CARE OF FARM IMPLEMENTS,

II Is oePloraoie TO notice the glare of
waste that is seen everywhere as ono
passes through the country. CareIoso
farmers leave their mowers. binders
plows and other implements ont in 49,
fields to take the weather unprotected
The bright steel and ornamental mount
ings Of the handsomest, in one winter
OF exposure, will have become red with
ruet and decay will have begun. It is
difficult to compute the amount of loss
caused by the want of care of farm i'm
pleWents. Many a chattel and real
estate mortgage has been brought about
by this inexcusable waste. Every
farmer cannot afford a fnely-con-
struct, d storehouse for his machinery,
but anyone can build, with little time
and expense, a lesn-to shed of cheap
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
POULTRY YARD
EGGS ALL THROUGH WIN EK:

Do you want eggs the coming winter
at the season when they will bring
the highest price, and when it costs
most to feed the hens9
Perhaps it is easier to Sell you how
to manage so that your hens will be a
bill of expense 60 you all winter, and
will only furnish eggs when the price
is lowest. If I were telling how not to
care for the hens, would say, don't
bother to build a home for them; it
costs money, and hens like to roost in
trees any way. And when it grows
real cold they will get into the barn
and out buildings to roost. Never mind
feeding them; they can steal enough
from the hogs and horses, and scratch
in the manure pile; and when the snow
is deep, they can sit on the roost for a
day or two without eating. You need
not give them water, for if there doesn't
happen to be thaw for few days,
they can eat snow. Haven't you seen
them do it many a times
This is the way my neighbor Bob
Jones has managed his chickens for
years, and he doesn't have a bit of
trouble with them. To be sure he gets
no eggs in winter, and even in March
last year when his neighbor Tom Smith
had, with the same number of hens,
been getting from 80 to so eggs a day,
for many weeks, Bob had to buy what
few eggs his wife must have to cook
with.
have described the way Bob's fowls
are cared for, except that did not tell
how his plows, binder and moving ma
chine look, after the hens have roasted
on them all winter, and that the top of
his buggy often is fertilized, and that
you can hear Bob swear often at night
when he gets in late with his team, and
finds a row Of hens on the partition be-
tween the stall and manger. It would
not look we'll in print to go into details,
so will leave them to your imagina-
tion.
Tom Smith lately spent an evening
with me, and we talked on farm mat
ters until bed time, and when he got on
poultry he said many wise things of
which 1 took mental note, say ing to
myself, Ill tell that to the Country
Gentleman readers" In answer to my
question, do you find poultry profit
able2" he said: ''Yes, as much or more
than any stock kept on the farm.
can feed 100 hers about as cheaply as
one COW, and they will give a much
larger profit"
How do you manage them, asked.
II divide them into colonies of so to
so each; 1 have a warm house ten by
twenty four feet for each colony; these
houses are lined with tarFed paper, and i
have plenty of windows at the south.
I have a small yard connected with |
each house, and about the time our
first bad weather comes IN November,
l assert my hens, clip one wing OF each'
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17

crop of peanuts throughout the
try appears to be short. tbs likely
the price will go higher.
ave the seed potatoes exposed, as
b as possible, to light and air, to
ce the liability of sprouting to the
mum. They may turn green but
will not hurt them for seed.
Irty years ago the Concord grape
originated by Ephriam W. Bull,
d recently died. The Concord was
Hoped from a wild grape, and it is
cd enough grape for anybody.
ave you been keeping an account
le income and expenditure of the
/ during the year2 If 80, now is
time for you to balance up your
Is and see what has been the result
our labors
ls better practice to prupe the
e trees IN the spring time when the
es are we'll started; the wounds
n heal more quickly and effectually.
extremes of winter weather are
GENTLY exhaustive to the tree with.
having any superauous demands
e upon it's vital forces.
) health measure, where large
lo,Is OF fowls are compelled to
ye on a limited Inc'osure. air sIakoa
, should be literally used. Let it
catered late in the evening. after
chickens have gone to roost. 1t
greatly counteract the decompos.
matter which is so d9leterious.
ST. Louis paper thinks that the
/ crop has been over estimated tc
exten5 of 900, 900, 900 bushels Thar
pretty high figure, but that the
} has been over estimated we do not
bt. Crop reports are nearly always
ggerated to keep prices down. The
ITO crop is also over-estimated, il
judgment.
here are few farms upon which il
Id pay to do more draining than il
done, and to do it in a much more
2tlve manner than is usually the
49, Very much even of the best and
ldest land would be improved il
erdralned, whilst much land not
producing crops at all, or pro
ns very small crops, could, by this
U.s. be made to yield heavy crops.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
LETTER FROM ROWAN.

Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer.
SALISBURY, n. G.
Enclosed please find money order to
pay up my arrearages. 1 am ashamed
to have let the time lapse, but it was
owing to circumstances over which /
had NO control. 1 have had the wolf
at my door for some time and fear it
will not be any better until the labor
ing man gets his ey es open, but as
Capt Sam Ashe says, may be King
Grover" will not remain where he is
always. l saw your off3r to receive 81
in cancellation of all arrear ages to date,
but ! think the laborer worthy of his
hire and cannot take advantage OF 1t.
| feel that have been richly rewarded
for the full amount due you, and have
often felt that was doing you great
injustice to read the paper without
paying you for it.
l see the Charlotte Observer admits
at last that prosperity Is still on the
wane but says it is on account of the
recent State elections. Drowning men
viii catch at straWs. OIL my country.
7 vet admit that the Observer some
times hits the bulls eye. He says no
one who voted for Grover has any right
to find fault with him. That's so. He
savs Grover stands now on silver
where he did before he was nominated.
I saw so too, but many of US who re-
fused to vote for him for that reason
got 0oundly abused for ID by the bosses
who are now cUrging 43EOVeF. 30 II
goes. It win ever be s0With politicians.
Yours truly,
JNo. BEARD.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
RALEIGH, N. c., DECEMBER II, 1895.

boards; or a shelter made of a few
poles and a roof of straw is better than
nothing and will protect the machinery
from the extreme vicissitudes of the
weather. Mending farm implement
will prolong it's period of usefulness.
Nothing wears on machinery faster
than loose bolts that should be tight
and dry joints that should be oiled.
Close attention to little matters of this
kind often makes the difference be-
tween success and failure in farming
Wagons, pIows and harroWs will look
better and last longer if painted Occa
sionally. The winter season is generally
the best for such work, as time is then
of less Importance than during the
growing season. Every farmer should
be the possessor of a good grindstone
and set of good files. During the dull
winter days is the time to repair and
sharpen farm tools. It is saving of
time to have full set of good and we'll
sharpened tools to work with.-M. B
Keech, Winneshiek Co., Ia.
-~S-~-S%
Is the ice house ready for the crops
If not, let it be at once cleaned out and
repaired. If no ice house is already
built or ice pit excavated, make an
effort to have one made in tins for this
winters crop. The advantage of hav
ing ice during the summer is great, in
deed an the dairy farm it is almost a
necessity. A house can be built at very
small cost if the lumber is on the farm.
Build it with double walls, say foot
apart, and pack this hollow tight with
sawdust, and let the roof also be
double and similarly packed, and you
can take care of all the ice you can
store in the house.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
Clinton, Iowa.
TO MAKE FINE-FLAVORED BUT
TER IN WINTER.

Why is it that we encounter more
summer7 While the natural conditions
for producing good favor are not as
perfect now as then, yet these adverse
conditions can be easily overcome by
the exercise of average foresight. AS
regards the correction of this evil, we
should remember that the cream pos
sesses the favor of the milk from which
it is derived, and that the butter made
from the cream retains the flavor Of
the latter. Therefore we must go back
to the beginning and start the milk
quality all right. A bad lactea1 flavor
may be inherent, or acquired. Inhe-
rent, when coming from tainted food
as musty hay, hay mixed with weeds,
moldy or black ensilage; from the
breathing of vitiated stable air by the
COWS; and from physical ailments
affecting the integrity of the udder.
Acquired, by filth falling into the milk
pail from the teats or udder; warm
milk aborbing odors from a tainted
stable atmosphere; unclean milk uten-
sils, and the uae of a buttery that is
communicating eppendage of the farm
house kitchen.
From anyone or more of these numer
GUS causes a foreign favor can be i'm
parted to the milk that nothing will
eradicate, the treatment being purely
preventive. How easy, then, not to
have poor butter flavor from such
sourcesI By merely exercising the
caution and care needful to be main
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17

Complaint is made in many quarters
that the catch of timothy, even when
a good one, does not hold on the land
as it used to do. The truth is that
timothy grass is an exhaustive crop,
fully as much so as are the grains,
especially if the latter are seeded with
clover whenever grown. Timothy roots
feed chiefly near the surface, and the
plant having a narrow leaf gets little
from the atmosphere. The only ad
vantage that the timothy crop has over
wheat with regard to soil fertility is
that the timothy sod protects the sur
face soil in winter, and it has also a
greater root growth when it is plowed
under.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
THE DAIRY.
SELECTINGA PORTABLE CREAM
cry.


Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer.
The selection of portable creamery
frequently gives the intended pur-
chaser not little trouble. This is
many times made worse by the ex-
traVagant claims of manufacturers as
set forth IN their printed matter.
THE FIRST QUESTION.
The first question to be settled by the
one intending to purchase is, what con-
stitutes a good portable creamery. I
will assume at the start that the would
be purchaser is looking for one in which
to practice the cold, deep setting or
Swedish method of cream raising. This,
as nearly every portable creamery on
the market, is designed for that prac-
tice.
PERPLEXING
To one who has never given the mat
ter much attention, the question raised
may be hard one to decide. To those
who have been reading the circulars of
various manufacturers it may be a
still harder question; this, unless Ger
tain bottom principles relating to
cream raising by the cold, deep setting
or Swedish method are fully under
stood.
ABSURD CLAIMS.
1t seems to be the plan of some man
ufacturers of cream-raising apparatus
to make foolish claims Cf controlling
certain imaginary processes in connec-
tion with the apparatus they make.
FIRST, they evolve a theory, or pretend
to discover a process. Second, they in
vent, or claim to invent, an apparatus.
Third, they labor to convince the pub
lie that it is only by the use of their
apparatus, and this practice of their
process, that all the cream can be OBJ
tanned. Hence, it will be observed,
that if their claims are correct their
process must be used, and it cannot be
used without their apparatus.
SELLING THEORIES
It will readily be seen that if one who
is thinking of purchasing a creamery
can be led to believe that a certain
process of cream raising is the
only correct one, and that it can only
be pracEiCed by certain apparatus, it
will readily be seen, repeat, that such
a person would be quite apt to purchase
that kind of apparatus. Such a person
does not stop to compare the general
construction, material, workmanship,
convenience and economics, of that
creamery with the same features in
other creameries; no, not by any
means. For with his belief regarding
the certain peculiar theory of cream
raising, and on which he has pinned
his faith, all other advantages are
slight, comparatively. The fact is
that in that case the maker is selling
theories. Now, as anyone knows, there
is a better profit on theories than on
materials improved by labor and com
bined for a specific purpose by skill
and intelligence. Therefore, the man
who sells theories is the man who makes
the money. A manufacturer who hon.
ors his profession will sell his wares on
their merit instead of palming them off
in the manner above referred to.
F. W. Nc CsELEY.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17

and shut them up. I put the old hens
IN one house and the pullets in another,
and aim to sell off each year the old
est hens, so as to have only one and
two-year olds on the farm. These hens
are fed three times day, just as regu-
larly as my horses. 1 feed in long
Vroughs nailed up against the sides Of
Gne house, just high enough so that the
nens can stand on the floor and eat out
OF them. It is easier to keen them
clean In this way.
The morning feed is wheat. or when
can buy that which suits me. wheat
screenings, which-I can usually buv
enough cheaper than wheat so I think
it pays. The noon feed is alwavs q
warm one, either potatoes cooked and
mashed, or fioely-cut clover hav
scalded, and little shipstuf mixed
through it. find that six quarts of
potatoes, mashed fine, with water
enough added to make a thin slop of it,
then quart of middlings added, and
enough Of bran to stiffen it, make a
feed for $50 fowls, or half bushel Of
cut clover, with two quarts of mid
dlings, makes full feed for them. The
night feed is shelled core one ounce to
fowl.
In addIt tion to this, I keep ground
oyster shells and gravel in each of them
all the time, and dust bath at the end
opposite the door, under the sloping
floor, which catches the droppings.
The main fl DOR of the poultry house is
kept covered with leaves, al d every
day some Of the corn and wheat that
we feed is scattered here; this keeps
the hens busy scratching, and the exer-
else not only keeps them warm, but
makes them lay better
What about water 2" / asked.
1--WE aim to keep water by them all
the time when it is not so cold as to
free ze it, and always in winter give it
to them warm, so it will not freeze up
so soon, and in the coldest weather we
water three times day"
What does it cost you to feed your
hens in winter2" l asked.
THAT depends on the price of grain,"
answered Smith, sometimes mora and
sometimes less. have laid in my feed
for the coming winter at lower prices
than usual, and expect to winter 1875
fowls, at an average daily cost of less
than 20 cents. I bought corn at 25
cents per bushel, screenings at 40 cents
per hundred pounds, bran at $12 per
ton, and middlings at $13 so. 1 have
plenty understandable potatoes and
clover hay, and the cost for these will
be but two or three cents a day.
shall feed about 8 pounds of corn a
day, and the same of bran and mid
dlings, and occasionally will substi-
tute oil meal for middlings, and shall
feed about Is pounds of screenings a.
day. always expect to feed at loss
in November and December, as we do
not get eggs enough usually to pay for
the feed, but every other month in the
year gives a good profit, and a good
part of the time it does not take half
the eggs to pay for the feed"
think my friend Tom Smith has
given us a good lesson in the care of
poultry, and have come so near fol-
lowing his plan, that can confirm his
statements, both as to profit and cost
of poultry keeping, when managed
wisely.-Waldo E. Brown, N Cultivator
and Country Gentleman.
LETTER FROM ROWAN.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
EXECUTIVE BOARD.
CAROLINA FARMERS STATE ALI
ANCE.

. CAROLINA BARMEbS STATE AA4AAA
.ident DR.. Cyrus Thompson,
sp1S3 sslpPre3sident-JnO. nj Graham, Ridge
.etary- St n; ;y-Treasurer-W. 8. Barnes,
in2 tI52rerEJ. M. j T.B. Hoover, Elm City,
rard-Dr. V. N. soawell, Villa
,piain-Rev. nj in P. H. Massey, Dur
i; i f5;t;SS3par-aeo. q q T. Lane Green's
istant di G Door keeper-Jas. E. Lyon,
geant.at- s Arms-A. D. K. Wallace,
- 5aiT8 Business % Agent-T. Ivey, Raj
atee M Business Agency Fund-W.
,aham, Machpelah, n. y.
TIVE COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH
nIIEA FARMERS STATE ALLIANCE.
T Hileman, Concord. N. G.; n.
1glish, Trinity, N. c.; James III.
borne, Kins on, n. Z.
ALLIANCE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE.
IN Brady, Gatesville, N. c.; DR..
Harrell, Whiteville, N. c.; I. }.
Ter, Acton, N. @.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17

hcarolina Reform Press Association.
Rcers-,J L. Ramsey, PTeside'at
ION Butler, Vice-Prestde11t; ". ..
BeS, Secretary,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17

Don't leave Irish potatoes exposed
to the sun, advises a successful truck
gardener.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17
aATToNAL FARMERS ALI
HNCR AND INDUSTRIAL
UNION.
5dent-J. F. willetts, Topeka,

ident-J. F. Willetts, Topeka,
Presidential. @. snavely, Leb
ary-Treasurer-Col. D. P. Dun
Columbia, 8. Q.
EXECUTIVE BOARD.
L, Loucks, Huron, 8. D.; Mann
Brandon, Virginia; I. E. Dean,
we Falls, New York; II. Q. Dem
Secretary, Harrisburg, PennsyI-
Marion Butler, Raleigh, N. Z.
JUDICIARY.
/. Southworth, Denver, Colo.
Y. Beck, Alabama.
}. Davie, Kentucky.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17

If the aim is to increase the stock of
humus in the soil, the quick and sure
way is to grow crops for the purpose
and return them direct to the ground.
The distribution will be far more per
feet than when the crop is harvested
and fed and the manure returned. One
adds nothing to the manurial value of
a plant by feeding it to stock, but much
Is lost.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1895-12-17

OF of the GOOUe-T10nted pupeTS uT6
ssted to keep the list standing on
Erst page and add others, pTOUtded
are duly elected. Any paper fail
OadUOcdte the OcGLG plat form tCtu
Vpped from the list promptly. OR
Ie can nOtU see tIRGt papers are
shed in their interest.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-02-28

snot struck the horse. Ine morse fell
with ali his might and rolled on to
Slelin'S leg.
The red beard mounted his morse,
and the others handed Shelin up to him
and bound him with strap to the
belt of the Tartar who then rode off
towards the mountains. Shelin svayed
from side to side, his face close to the
| dirty back of the Tartar. All he could
see before MIN was that enormous Tar
tar back, the big muscles of the neck
| and the blush color OF his shaved head
from under the Tartar cap. Shelin s
head was bleeding and the blood had
| stiffened over his eyes. He could
neither change his position nor wipe
off the blood. His arms were bound SO
| tight that his shoulders ached.
! 1t grew dark. They crossed another
river and began to go up a stony noun
tain side. Before long there was a
smell OF smoke and sound of dogs
barking. They had reached an Aoul, a
high cheek-boned Nogai Tartar
mounted. The Tartar children gath
cred around Shelin, screaming, mock
red Tartar drove the children away,
unbound Shelin, called a servant man,
high cheek-boned Nogai Tartar whose
one garment was a torn shirt leaving
his breast bare. The red Tartar gave
an order and the servant brought
pair of stocks, two thick boards
mounted with iron rings, staple and
padlocks. They united Shelin's arms,
fastened his legs in the stocks and led
him to the shed, where they pushed
him IN and bolted the door. Shelin
fell on manure heap, lay still mo-
ment and then feeling in the dark for
soft place, turned over and went to
sleep.
Shelin did not sleep long. The nights
were short just then and soon the light
of dawn came through the crack of the
door. He got up and began to peer
through the crack.
. Some one opened the shed. The red
Tartar and another man, smaller and
dark, came in. He had large, bright
black eyes, black beard cut close and
a bright face that seemed to laugh.
His dress was handsomer than the red
Tartars. His blue silk coat was
trimmed with silver braid. At his belt
was large silver dagger. His red
morocco shoes were also trimmed with |
silver, and over these fine shoes he |
wore thicker ones. His high cap was
white astrakhan.
As the red Tartar entered he said |
something in seolding voice, and
looked at Shelin from under his brows. |
and leaned on the door. The dark one,
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-02-28
Translated from the Russian byMme. Min
deIen and Miss Sara Carr Upton.
COPYRIGHT. 1885,


This story OF Tolstoi is among those which
she writes for the Russian people in the sim
,plest words and the simplest way This special
-one is distributed by the government in the
Russian army for the men to read-l
: There once served in the Caucasus a
certain officer whose name was SkefiD.
He received letter from home. II
was from his old mother. She wrote:
IL am getting old and / would like to
see my beloved son once more before
die. Come to tell me good-by, and lay
me in my grave. and then, in the name
of God, you may go back TO your post.
j have found a bride for you. She is
intelligent and good and has some prop.
ertv as well Should you take fancy
to her, yousmight marry and settle
down"
Shelin went to the colonel, got his
leave, said good-by TO his brother Of
ficers. distributed four buckets Of vodka
as a parting gift to his soldiers and
made himself!ready.
There was war at that time IN the
Caucasus. The roads were impassa bic
by day or night. Any Russian who
ventured far from the fort was to sure
to be killed by the Tartars or carried
.captive to the mountains. So twice
week an escort of soldiers went from
lone fort to another, the soldiers march
ing in the front and rear and the peo-
ple in the middle.
1t was summer. Wagon loads of
people gathered outside the fort at
daybreak, the escort sailed forth and
they all started on the road. Shelin
was liz the front on horseback, and his
telega with his baggage went with the
wagons.
They had twenty-five versts to go.
The caravan advanced slowly. Some
times a wheel would come off, or a
horse would stumble, the soldiers would
lcall halt, and the whole party would
come to standstill and wait.
Shelin rode on ahead, and then
stopped, waiting for the rest to come
up. He heard the bugle behind him
end said to himself: There they are
ihalting again. Suppose L go on alone
without the soldiers? My horse is good,
and if the Tartars should attack me I
could outrun them But perhaps I'd
better not.
! While he stood considering. Kostelin. |
another officer, came riding up. He
had gun.
! 81 say; let US go on alone, Shelin. / |
cannot stand this any longer 1 am
hungry and this heat is unbearable. |
My shirt is wringing wet"
Kostelin was tall stout man with
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1895-02-28

~ DiglIton, Miss, lying p-n cas
II the tide water of Taunton river, L. .
rock of great ansiyoarisn int-rsst II
10 granite bcvlder abou. eleven f~~s
long add Eve fee. "A greatest bright,
AID is known suotvhou, New Engiand
Is the "D!zk.on Writing Rooic.- ons
aide Of The bO1sider b alruo@. pe-fe3tly
sInooih, az though worn BY glacial ac-
ton o. Dis ras szrtaes. n cioar-c9a
outline. are GozcDs Of ehars-ex
hlerogiyPhics end plcevres, ehisoisc BY
some prshistortc ENGINEER. The
srchssoloz7s,s have never been sA,e q,
oeciphsr caess c1sracters. bat thsy Are
q gsd0u bted sotiqusty.