The Calhoun chronicle. [volume] (Grantsville, W. Va.) 1883-1984, 1895-02-19
PROGRESS OF CIVILIZATION IN TIL,
UNITED STATES

PROGRESS or CIVILIZATION IN THE
UNITED STATES.
From Hcport Of L. s. Ca.,r., of Education.
CONTINUED IRON LAST wErK.
| dwell on this lesson of the steam
engine because it is this that makes
II wealthy nation.
In 1900 find that the total prod.
uct of each man woman aud child in
the United States amounted to 10.
cents day. In 1850 i: had increas
ed to % cents. In 1880 it amounted
to upwards of 30 cents, and it now
reaches nearly, or quite, 90 cents per
day. The use of machinery in pio-
ductive industry causes transfer of
iaberer> from agriculture 10 manufnc.
lures and commerce We need few.
or persons To obtain for us the raw
materials of food, clothing and shell.
ter. More persons can he spared for
the elaboration Of the material. Few
er persons are required ~ produce the
bare necessities Oflife, AMI more per
sons are set to work ON articles of lux.
ury and human comfort. More and
more persons are employed, too, for
the care of the spiritual wants of pro.
lection ana culture.
In savage state only one in one
hundred can be spared for the proiuc.
ton of articles Of luxury and orna.
ment and for projection and culture
In the Old civilization before the i'm.
venliun Of the steam engine only one
in twenty could be spared for such
work. Now we can spare one in ten
of the population, and we are soon
coming To the time when we can set
one III five to work at the production
aud distribution of newspapers ana
books, at the use of the telegraph and
telephone, the work Of teaching. and
preaching, and lecturing, and the
work Of he professions of law and
medicine, which protect life and pop
ertv.
The vacations of man that have
for their object the production of
comfort and ornament and the care
of mans spiritual welfare are bound
iO grow from more to more with the
increased application of machinery Ia
productive industry, while smaller
proportion of the population will b.
needed for the production of raw ma
.erial. :; :: !; x :.
III 1870 the South Atlantic divis-
ION of States, comprising all from
Delaware to Florida, enrolled i'm
school only 6 per cent of lis entire
population. In 1890 thc cmrollment
Is - per cent, or one in five of its
Ip"'"'''"' nc pOuln Nentral
States, including Missouri, Kentucky
and Wcst Virginia, and tho States
south of them, enrolled in school only
= per cent IN 1870, and nearly -
per cent in 1891.
To understand at their true value
the efforts "f the South to make their
schools what they should be, we
ought to remember that the wealth
which numerous large cities give
makes it easy in the North to raise
money for the support of schools
without making great burden for
the taxpayers.
In the South the taxes are large,
but do not weld the requisite amour,
to support the schools more than 100
days III the South Atlantic Division
each year, nor for more than 90 day.
in the South Central. This, Of course.
!" in process Of correction as the pres.
ent villages grow into cities, and the
States grow wealthy.
The average length Of the North
Atlantic Division (full orcities) i,
1GG days; that Of the North Central
Division j, 134 days. The largest
enrolment of children in the schools
Is i'll the North Central Division.
amounting To more than % per cent
OF the population. That of the North
Atlantic and the Pacific coast and the
mountain region falls below the South
III the proportion enrolled in schnol.
This Is partly explained by the fact
that children do not constitute 60
large proportion Of the popula.
ton III those sections rs in the other
parts IF the ration.
Asa whole, the United States en-.
rolls in school % per cent of its en-.
tire population. This is n better
showing than any other nation, ex.
cept Snxony. But many other ua.
tons If Europe have u much longer
annual session Of schunl than ,ye L,vo