The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1894-07-07
THE BOER COUNTRY.
Remarkable Growth Of the South
African Republic.
Settlement of the Transvaal and Its Mar
velous Industrial Progress-Com-
position of the Gov
-. ernment.

The territory comprising the Trans
vaal or South African republic covers
an area larger than that of France. 1t
is peopled by the Beers, who fled from
the tyrannical form of government
which the English sought to impose up
on them further south. The Beers are
the descendants of the sturdy Neither
landers, who constituted Holland a re-
public and formidable power in the
sixteenth century, and of the Hugue-
notsSwho were driven from France by
the revocation of the edict of Nantes
in 1855 by Louis XIV. Thus in the
Beers of South Africa there is COM
bination of the characteristics of two
people who are conspicuous in Euro
pean history for the struggles they
waged for political and religious lib
erty. Since the days when the first
band of hardy immigrant Beers crossed
the Vaal river, where England's tyran-
ny stopped at following them, and
planted their cabins on the broad and
sunny slopes of the Transvaal, the
country has gone through the changes
and throes which mark the life of in
dividual and nation alike. Within
the past five years a marvellous devel-
opment of population, resources and
industries has followed on the success
which gold mining has achieved. Rail-
way communication now connects
Johannesburg via the diamond mines
of Kimberly with the Cape of Good
Hope, distance of min. hundred and
J forty-five miles, Other connections
are rapidly progressing from Natal
and Delagoa bay, centrahzing at Pre-
| toria, the capital and seat of govern
men in the Transvaal
constitution he South f,.ic
republic, says Goldthwaite's Magazine,
is based on Roman Dutch. The legis-
lative power is vested in the vollxsraad,
the members of which are elected by
their constituents for four years. The
executive consists of the president,
elected for five years by a general cleo
tion throughout the state. the state
secretary elected by the volksraad for
| four years, and four unofficial members
chosen for three years by the vollzs-
raad. The chief officer in each istrict
is the landdrost. who acts as magis-
trate and civil commissioner, with the
assistance of clerk, who is at the
same time public prosecutor and dis
tributor of stamps. Each district is
further provided with a baljuw or
sheriff, gaoler and staff of constables.
With the exception of a corps of
amounted artillery and police, com
manded by three officers with about
sixty men, the republic has no armed
force. The president, with the concur
renee of the executive, has the right to
declare war and call up a commando.
in which the burghers are placed
under the field cornets and command
ants of each district. The whole force
is commanded by the commandant
general, who is elected by the country
for the term of ten years. All inhabit-
ants of the state between sixteen and
sixty years of age, not exempt accord
ing to law, are liable to service on
commando. President Kruger is now
occupying his Office for the thi<d term.
He is Il patriot, a man whose heroic
life posterity will honor. Among the
Beers he is known exclusively as ':Oom
Paul. ''Uncle Paul" Though a man
of rugged exterior, untutored even as
regards the most elementary branches
of education, he has shown practical
capacity for government that has been
Il match for the most finished diplo
macy and statccraft. For the conser-
walton of the interests of the mining
class, almost entirely English, he in.
huenced the voll1sraad to establish q
second chamber, to which they could
send their representatives.. This cham
Der legislates in the interest of the
English class and for the local inter
ests of the country, the volksraad
holding the right of veto over its pro
ceedings.
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