davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
TIE YEAR or DISISTIH.

No review Of the years disasters can he pleas
Ing. Even though opponents of the Admnstra-
ton cannot overlook the fact that these disas-
tcrs show the harnfulncss of the policy it
represents and advocates, they would be in
fnitely more gratiicd as citizens and business
men TO be able 10 report condition OF pros
perity. But the business agencies, while differ
ing in detail make it clear that the year has
been the most disastrous Of which there are any
records. The number Of failures Is reported
by "Dun's Review" as 1860 the last three
days Of the year not being included and by
Bradstrccts" as 1850, exclusive Of all con-
Germs whose estimated assets exceed liabilities.
The different methods Of reporting do not az
feet the fact that by either report the failures
Of 1893 exceeded by more than 5000. or - per
cent, the number reported in any previous year,
the largest hitherto being 1928 in 1891.
The amount of liabilities OF firms failing In
dcates the Importance Of the years CONNER
cial disasters. Here the two reports differ
widely, as " Bradstrcct's" attempts improve
mcnt by emitting entirely al failures in which
estimated assets exceed labltics-a method
which does not result In correct statement OF
all failures actually occurring, though il has
value In other respects. "Dun's Review" on
the other hand, gives classification never be-
fore attempted in any report, showing sepa
ratcly the number, assets and liabilities in each
State and section Of manufacturing failures
trading failures, and "othcr" failures, includ-
ing brokers and Spectators and Of banks and
financial failures which are also classified The
aggregate results by sections are as follows, all
former save-holding States being rcckoncd as
the South, the three west Of the Mississippi
being called the Southwest, and the States be-
tween Pennsylvania and the Mississippi being
classed as Central:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
MlYOR SCHIEREN'S OPrOETrNITT.

Mayor Schcrcn'S first day in office was IN
occasion for personal consratulation and pub
| lie rejoicing The change effected In the adj
ministration of brooklyn affairs is Il radical
one. which concerns the welfare # tlc citizens
rather than the fortunes Of political party
For eight years the city has been governed
exclusively in the Interest of Ring aud Gang
| 1t has Mayor who rcco a.uizcs his rcspon-
sibility 10 the people, AMI discaimS any obliga-
! ton 10 conduct tie administration in the IN
tcrcst Of the party which nominated and elected
| him The charter arms him with absolute
power of appointment. and he acknowledges 40
right on the part of political leaders either 10
select the heads Of departments for him or 10
control his administration. II is his purpose 10
| introduce q purely busncS,llkc and common
sense system Of governing Il great town. He
aims to make his administration superior In I'LL
respects TO Democratic machine government -
more honest. moro efficient, more economical
and essentially nOn-pariisan. The experiment
has been tried before under Mayor Low. and
hns been markedly successful There Is 40 rcl-
son why It should fail now
Perhaps the most difficult part Of Mayor
Schlcrcn's work will be rctrcnchmcnt of munc-
ipnl expenses, by which the burdens of tax
payers may be reduced. brooklyn is city Of
urgent aud manifold. II is not town that
can be chcaply and at the same time efficiently
governed Moreover. the Mayor while rcSpon-
siblc for all the details Of administration In the
various departments. cannot control the budget
as a whole nor regulate the tax rate. lie will
be embarrassed by the efforts of Democratic
officials {, swell the expenditures and 10 pre-
vent reduction Of taxation another year In
Int. hn
required, if taxpayers are 10 have direct dement,
from the change Of administration We rccog-
niZe the difficulties which Mayor Schicrcn VIII
encounter, but are confident that he can ac-
complish much good work in rctrcnchmcnt
There are leaks in every department which can
be stopped. The clerical force is TOO large in
almost every instance. The administration OF
city works is VIGOROUSLY wastcful ana sean
dalous. In that department alone there can be
a very great saving Effected If business meth
DDS and policy Of rigorous economy are
adopted.
What will be much easier IS the raising Of the
standards of city administration. Even II re-
form government cannot be materially cheap
cncd. 1t can be made decent, efficient ana re-
spectacle through the application of sound
principles ana business methods. brooklyn
under Mayor Low was Il city OH NIL, ana us
good report was known FROM one end or Inc
country 10 the other After eight years OF scan
dalous mlsgovcrnmcnt il now promises TO re-
gain It's reputation and prestige. Mayor Schieren
has an opportunity which seldom comes 10 a
new man In local administration lie mas per-
haps the best charter under which any Ameri'
can city can be governed. He has public opin-
Ion massed behind him In the largest majority
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
THE NCOTCU JIHJJICT-

The verdict IN the Arllamont murder trial
strongly calls attention anew 10 the differences
between judicial procedure In Scotland and that
IN ENGLAND and the United States From the
American point Of view nothing could be more
unsatisfactory than a verdict II mot proven"
II Is impossible to imagine such "A conclusion of
an important trial being for moment tolerated
here. by court or public: any more than the
adopting Of The French theory. that the accused
is - BE- deemed guilty until he can prove his
innocence Yet II f. unhcsitatngy accepted by
the Scotch. an cmincntly logical and judicial
minded people. and the rendering of such
diet in this latest and most sensational case pro-
yOkcs no dissatisfaction with the law nor any
demand for n change Of procedure 1t is an i'm.
prcssive example Of the power of long-contnucd
custom, and of the wide divergence of views
held by men Of equal intelligence and sense Of
right.
The mot proven" verdict IS by no means,
however, the only popularity Of the Scotch trial
system. At the very beginning OF a case, there
is no COroncr's inquest nor public examination
of the prisoner. The examination is conducted
In private by the magistrate and official prose-
cutors private prosecution being by the way.
unknown save I'm the most trining cases. The
trial must then come promptly on. and unless
the prisoner be brought 10 trial and the trial
concluded within one hundred and ten days after
his commttal h. is entitled ito be set free for
ever from all question or process for the crime
NTH which he was charged" In the trial itself
The public prosecutor opens his ease without any
preliminary speech making. and at the end the
prisoner or his counsel has the final summing
up and appeal to the jury The jury consists
Of fifteen persons, the verdict Of majority of
whom is sufficient 10 determine the case. and as
already mentioned. If The Jurors are not legally
convinced OF the prisoners guilt, nor satisfied
that he is innocent, they may render n verdict
of mot proven" This last leaves the accused.
OF course, morally under cloud for the rest of
his life for though he was not convicted, he was
not able To establish his innocence. The wretch
edness this may entail was strikingly portrayed
by the late Wilhic Collins in one OF his romances
probably without the slightest exaggcration.
While this one feature OF a Scotch trial can
never be commended to the American judicial
system, there others that might be. To adj
vantage, adopted here. The requiring n speedy
trial Is one. The long delay In criminal cases In
our courts has often caused much scandal and
has doubtless impaired the prestige Of the judi
cial administration. Considering the trouble we
often have to get a satisfactory jury OF twelve.
the enlargement Of the number to fifteen Is
hardlx to he regarded with favor; but v 10 at
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
fT 1IB.iNY.

The Legislature will organize, beyond doubt,
In accordance with public sentiment. Both MI
Malby and Senator SaXton are in harmony
with the spirit which gave the Legislature 10
the Republican party and put down the bosses.
whose partisan conSpraccS and selfish schemes
of personal profit Disguised ana offended the
ncoplc in their previous terms or service 1T
Albany these two Republican leaders have
manifested their sympathy with the cause OF
honest government whenever il was threatened
and in al the movements designed to promote
IT, They will come into their new honors ana
responsibilities on their merits, proved in com
petition with their associates. and not by the
say-so of any man or faction. As candidates
for the nomination for Speaker and for lreSl-
dent pro tcmporc of the Senate they have had
the support not only Of The great body Of their
own party but of all the best elements which
combined 10 overthrow the Democracy last
November
This is especially satisfactory. because II in
stIrcs 10 the people an organization Of the &c
mittccs free Of all selfish influence. The new
Speaker will have no debts 10 pay. Neither. ny
the way. has the Republican party. II owes
its triumph and he his elevation. to the people.
and not 10 individuals or corporations. We be-
licve that Mr. Malby understands this. and
that he will prove by the way he constitutes
the committees that this IS to be an honest
Legislature. that the work IL undertakes will
be public work for the benefit OF all. and that
the spirit which spoke so loudly in the election
returns Will steadily direct all the machinery
by which the laws are made. And we believe
that when the end of the session comes the
people will give an approving verdict upon It's
labOrS.
large amount Of public business Will pres
entity develop. At the head Of IT al should
stand the reform of the voting laws, and as this
is a subject the treatment of which admits OF
much misrepresentation, and affords large OPP
portunty for the display Of partisan feeling.
the majority must be careful 10 place itself in
harmony with the most progressive and I'M
selfish sentiment. 1t is Il favOritc expression
Of political trickstcrs that the law should make
it as easy as possible for the voter 10 vote. As
a principle that is nearly right. but it is gen
orally made TO cover schemes to enable petty
politicians around the polls TO run in their
gangs. The aim Of a good law Will not be 10
make voting as easy as possible. but as easy
as is consistent with the general right of all
to feel sure that each voter does his own voting.
This should be, in point Of time and atcn-
ton, the prime subject Of legislative considcra-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
NmuBemerIs.


ABBEY's Observation-Disclosures
ACADEMY OF MCsIC-s-1n DID Kentucky
AMERICAN THEATRE-s-The Voyage Of suzette
ARCHITECTURAL LEAGUE. 2i5 West 51th-st-0 a. ~
0-7:3o D. Infamous Twelve Falcons
BlJOU THEATRE-s:l5--A Country Sport
BROADWAY THEATRE-s-Rotn HOOD
CAsINO-s15-The Princess Nicotine
CHICKERIE0 HALL-3-Pachmann.
COLUMBUS THEATRE-s:l5-Mo Carlo
pALY's THEATRE-s:l5-Shore Acres
EDEN MUSEE-s-world IN Wax
FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE-s-A Woman Of No In
portance.
GARDEN THEATRE-s:15-The Professor Love story.
GRAND CENTRAL PALACE-i D. IN 10 II y. nix
nibition.
HARLEM OPERA HOUSE :I5-Panjandru;r.
yARRIGAN'S TIiEATRE-S-Ol Old Lavender.
HERRMASN's OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
HOYT's MADISON SQUARE TlIEATkE-S.So-A lem
perance Town.
IRVING PLACE observation-disclosures Heirs
ROSTER & BIALS-S- Sandow.
LYCEIM TIIEATRIc-S-Sweet Lavender.
national. ACADEMY OF Observation-Disclosures.
NIB. O's-s: l5-The Pupil in Magic.
NEW METROPOLITAN OPERA HOUsE-S-America-
PRocTOKs TIEATRE-io L. m. to 10 p m.-VaudeviHe'
PALMIE's THEATRES: l5-i49o
STANI,A1sl, THEATRE s30-Charey's Aunt
STAR THEATRES j5--Africa.
TONY PASTORS NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
TATTERSAIS. 55,h-s, and 1th-ave.2 Cos i3-liasen-
becEs Trained Animals
Hath Street THEATRE-S-The Rivals.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
TEN PAGES.
THE NEWS THIS MORNING.

Foreign.-Captain Picking has cut off the shore
leave Of the sailors Of the American fleet at Rio
Janeiro a precautiOn against yellow fever.
- The French police searched 10000 houses
occupied by supposed Anarchists and made many
arrests; bombs were found near Barcelona and
In Marseilles. -, New-Year's Day was OBJ
served in Berlin by a\court reception followed by
"a parade headed by the Emperor President Car
not received a large number OF visitors; King
Humbert made an address TO committee of
Deputies The Manchester ship canal
opened with a procession Of twenty-five laden
ocean-going vessels, witnessed by 100000 spec
tators.
Domestic-The Republican Assembly caucus
nominated Mr.. Malby for Speaker and Colonel
Dunn of Binghamton. for clerk; the Senate
Republican caucus nominated Mr.. Saxt0h
as president pro TEN. - Governor Flower
will change from January % to January
30 the date for the special election for two men,
bers OF Congress In this city. - The Md
winter Fair was opened to the public in Golden
Gate Park, San Francisco. memorial in honor
Of the landing Of Sir Francis Drake on the
Pacific Coast unveiled in Golden Gate Park.
- Mrs Lease. the Kansas politician. has be-
gun aggressive warfare on Governor Level
ling - Colonel Charles T. OFerran was in
augurated Governor of Virginia. - Boston
knights or LABOR entered protest against the
rate Of wages. 81 so a day, paid by the Citizens
Relief Committee TO the men employed by it.
- President Cleveland received the members
of the Diplomatic Corps; none of the customary
formaiities Of the day was omitted
City and Suburban-Controller Ashbel p.
Fitch. Dstrict-Attorney John r. Fellows. Sur
rogate John II. V. Arnold and other city officials
entered on their new duties. - The directors
Of the Erie road announced their reorganization
plan. - Hugh o. Pentecost was not sworn in
as an assistant district-attorney; it is thought
that his appointment has been revoked. -
policeman became suddenly insane in Brooklyn.
shot at two boys and beat one Of them severely
on the head. - The various charities of the
city supplied New-Years dinners TO thousands
OF the city's poor. - A destitute sailor was
found in q stable almost dead from starvation
and exposure.
The Weather.-Forecast for to-day: Fair fol-
lowed by increasing coudiness and rain or snow
tonight; warmer. Temperature yesterday: High
est, IS degrees; lowest. q: average 3lls.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
PERSONlL.

Major Graham Davis of North Carolina. is ac
dycy interesting himself in movement to save
from ruin the Old fort Of Sir Walter Raleigh the
eastern coast and preserve 10 the State the ground
on which Il was built lie will address the people
OF Charlotte on the subject this week.
The celebration Of the e.gh,y-f fourth birthday OF
Nh. Gladstone recalls the interesting fact that he
is of L notable group born in the year
1899. Among them were Tenny son. Darwin, Lin
coin. Mendelssohn. Or. Holmes. Elizabeth Barrett
Gladstone got into thii notable group only by the
narrow margin OF three days. rhauncey N. Depew
once said that some men we're born great. some had
greatness thrust upon thenl, an some we're bora
In ohio For ohio ne might trlthfuly have subs,i-
tuted the year 1909.
Mayor John p Hopkins. Of Chicago. who has just
assumed the Of that office. is the twenty
ninth To occupy ii. Fourteen OF the twenty-nine
born In New-York state. The first Chicago
Oldest cx-Mnyor now living is Waiter s Gurnec
chosen In 1851 and reelected in lS52.
The Rev. John White Chadwick OF Brooklyn,
has lately been reminded that his youth Is not 50
far behind him he supposed Speaking OF his
recent poem I'm reference 10 the seventeen birth
dav Of DR. Robert Collycr (Which was printed In The
Tribune. Il lady expressed nigh opinion OF IL.
and then added; But don't Hike to see young
Chadwick is nf,y-threc but might easily be taken
10 be a dozen years young AZ.
Pietro Sbarbaro. once Il member Of Parliament.
and one of the most remarkable men in Italy died
Il few days ago in the top story OF II Roman tene-
mcnt-housc. The King paid his funeral expenses.
Sbarbaro was prodigy When fourteen years old
he carried on correspondence with CaVour The
great statesman was much astonshcd later when he
learned that 1t college freshman with whom
he had discussed with 80 much pleasure the most
abstruse sociological and political problems or the
day. That was In 1852. When seventeen years old
Sbarbaro delivered lectures on Dante and published
his FIRST work The Beautiful Arts" year later
he aided In the founding Of the Italian National
Association Before he twenty years o,d ne
was famous an authority on political ana eco
nomical subjects. In 1883 he fought for the freedom
Lombardy. In 1870 he became Pr jfcssor OF pollt
ical Science and the Philosophy OF Law at Modena
His star began to descend soon afterward on ac
he made public men. lie got the idea that II
was his duty 10 tell the world everything un-
worthy which he could learn OF men IN public HE
He spent many years In prison on this account lost
the places which he had Allied with honor. and died
"the best-hated man In Italy,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02

total liabilities 1t Is also highly instructive 10
learn that the manufacturing failures, though
extraordinary in number this year. were less
than a quarter Of the whole number, though
almost half in amount of liabilities. 1t Is now
known that the admission OF banking concerns
in many cases in former years deprived inc
returns Of accuracy for purposes OF compare
son. Some localities reported all such failures.
some reported private banks but not organized
banks. some reported bankers and brokers as
banking concerns and some reported Only loan
and mortgage companies with their enormous
liabilities averaging over SlOO00OO each. me
latter obviously did most harm. by unonlY
swelling The AVERAGE of liabilities supposed 10
represent commercial houses.
II appears that in commercial ard banking
failures together the liabilities reported pY
..Dun's Review amount 10 Sjl2.f21,Il ~ in all
and il is stated that National banks with over
SD. 1000 liabilities have resumed, and also
other banks with about $10G000oo liabilities
The statement Of assumptions of conn"rclal
houses has not We; been made up. but IL j. Sllu
tO be comparatively small. ON the other hahd,
"Rradstrcrt's" reports total liabilities OF all
commercial and banking institutions Amounting
70 SOP 100000 exclusive Of those in which
assets exceeded liabilities the liabilities of the
lattcr class being about So OO0.0Op. Either
statement makes the aggregate liabilities far
exceed those reported for any previous year,
and gives emphasis to III" fact that the year of
change in National policy has not he"n pros
porous one for business men or fpr la"orcrS.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02
TIE fSSJNG or PENTECOST

II Is not certain. after al. that the people o.
! Ncw-York are To be afflicted with Atheism ana
| Anarchy in the District-.\torncy oth'" seem
| inglv Colonel Fellows has been amazed ana
overwhelmed by the fiery Indignation Wh'l
has been aroused on all sides by the announce
mcnt that the professional agiator and drifl-
/ eoeuc. Pcntccost. WHO has spent years III i"'i-
ing nj Ill The principles most sacred III the
minds Of Americans. was 70 have an important
and well paid position in thc District Atiorh"y :
! office When the District Attorney and his
friend Pcuiccost saw Tie reporters yesterday
both of them appeared 10 be- somewhat over
come by the volcanic explosion Of wrath Wlich
had gone MP from nj! parts e Manhattan
Island when the choice II Icntcco>i rs m AN-
sistant District Attorney WAS mad" known.
Whether Pcnfccost now GOES into Ill" pN'r!c'
Attorneys office or remains oh The outside II
Is clear 10 tn ucan"s' comprehension 'hl'
Colonel Fellows has made hund'r Of if"
worst sort Whether P"ntero,t Was thrust
upon him by Tammany pressure. or whether
he was the individual selection 81 Col"n" Feb
lows himself. il is evident that the moro Nns-
ecSion Of such man for the piac" %. assist
ant 10 the public prosecutor WIS an "iir'h' 81
the most audacious Kind 10 everything HAT -
honorable and of good report in this community
Colonel Fellows IN, east q biz black cloud
upon his second term hy committing SrlrN"uN
error and a gricyouS offence. The possibility
of the appointment If rcntcrost - any place
where he could draw 4 salary from the public
funds ought never - Lave been considered for
n moment If Colonel Fellows was not familiar
with the rcpclcnt record Of this Gcmagoguc rs
an Anarchist and Atheist. rs disiurhcr ana
unscttlcr of everything established and com
mcndablc. he was seriously in fault for announr
iug his appointment before investigating all the
circumstances of the mans career II he knew
anything about the speeches and writings oi
Pcntcco>t. ne was rcckics~ly insoeut - all that
Is representative and cSrlmahlc in N"wNorlI
life Colonel Follows can take either horn of
the dilemma. II IS plan already that he has
made one Of the most Woful errors 81 his life.
If he persists in keeping PrntocoSt ~ an A.
sistant Disirici-Attorn"y after lie complete "N-
poSurc that has boon made 81 Pcnt"co>t's per
foruanccS and uttoranccs. lis second term ~
Dsirict-Attorncy is already buried under bur
den Of popular contempt. II he casts out Pcnic-
cost. after having selected him rs his assistant.
he cannot escape the rcproach Of criminal care
lcssncss in choosing such a man nj all Alto
gcthcr the prospects ~ Colonel Fellows for his
second term are gloomy indeed H. has always
been too petty and frivolous 10 Doc a successful
Dsirict-Attrrncy. He now occupies more
dismal position in In" opinion II the people Of
Ncw-Yorl than ever before
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02

least an open question whether the ends OF JUS
tice would not be better served than at present
by making a majority, or two-thirds majority.
verdict sufficient. How Monsoon the deiehuai'
in the case just closed, would have fared III d"
American court is a matter of curious IL ihcoh-
elusive speculation. He almost certainly "ouiu
not have been tried promptly, ana the oeidy
would have been painful to him. at least IL iii"o'
cent and veXatous TO lovers OF JUSTICE III s''i-
eral Yet at the end there would nave Deeh
verdict Of positive acquittal or conviction IN
stead Of the indeterminate thing that has now
door,od him to a lifetime of gloom and suspi-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02

any Mayor OF the town has ever received lie
is absolutely Independent Of political coh'roi'
and is under 10 obligations To any leader or
faction. Mayor Schcrcn enters upon oilice
under the most favorable circumstances lor
making an exceptionally fine record We nope
sincerely that lie will fulfil public expectation.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02

Totals. 2l2 S33i. $40 $50 G2 $40 o9s SOS
The new classification shows HAT the heavy
failures OF brokers and spectators. averaging
S122, 900 for each, have hitherto caused great
deception regarding the average Of commercial
liabilities, which now appear to be only s112 200
for trading concerns in a year Of the greatest
disasters, and $4,000 for manufacturing con.
Germs Only about fifteth Of the failures In
number actually added about oneninth Of tho
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-02

ance Oh the opening day, and the exposition
managers have reason for congratulating them
selves on the successful way in which the en-
tcrprise has been started. Inc falr Is At
tiactively established in Golden Gate Park, anu
the grounds and buildings are tastcfully ar
ranged The idea OF thc exposition was not
conceived until May. The manner i'll which 1t
has been organized and got in readiness for the
beginning Of the year reflects much credit upon
the men who took upon themselves the respon-
sibilty Of the undertaking.