New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-03-18

industry OF horSe-breedlnS ana ID Improve t"c'i
breed of horses. the Austrian Government MAIN
tains a system Of studs and stallion depots. whch
are under the control Of the Ministry Of Agn-
culture. but superintended by military inspect
ors. The four studs are situated at Kisber.
Babolna Mezzihegyes and Fogaras; and eacn
has besides its military headquarters. farm
direction" consisting OF civilian employees, VINO
manage in all some 5000 acres. In these four
roval studs there are altogether 75i brood mares.
They are separated according to race, and ihen
herd together on specially provided pastures.
The same care is taken IN private stud FARMS
and may say that the latter are conducted with
the same military precision as are the Govern
ment institutions.
II IL a treat to visit those establishments where
in the spring of the year the horses in their green
paddocks show off their fretting graces ana
tempestuous. frocsome gallop to the admirins
eye of true connolsseurs. The greatest attention
is bestowed upon the animals Foals are sepa-
rated into herds. and their education from the
first is looked after in every detail until they
are four years old. when they are definitely dis
tributed-the stations going to the depots and
the most promising mares being retained In the
studs Every year at Buda-Pesth, in September
and October there auction sales or the sur
plus stock. where useful beasts may sometimes
be picked up cheap. Hungarans are the MORSE
est people alive. They live, so to speak. IN the
saddle, and from the greatest territorial Magyar
noble down TO the humblest peasant the morse
Is first and foremost In everybody's mind. not 70
say heart. In fact great nurlber OF peasant
boys are enlisted as grooms both on Government
and private stud farms. and as much as possible
are chosen from among the Magyars. These boys
become good horsemen and put their whole hesrts
into their attractive work. They are. as No
small sturdy little fellows. very sunburnt, rou1h
and bright and they throw into their profession
all the vigor OF their healthfu young limbs ana
cheerful minds Their life on these great estates
is simple happy and hardy for they are al
ways face to face with nature, and 1t creates IN
them later on the great steadfastness OF cnat-
acter for which the Magyar race is famed. Tne
Kisber Government stud (where the Derry WIN
ner Ksber was bred) l., on farm OF lo,o2o
acres and il has sore 600 horses and mares.
Among the celebrated Kisber sires past and pres
ent are Buccaneer (sire Of kisbeD, Cambuscan,
Doncaster. Craig AIillar, Galaor. Gunnersoury
and Sweetbread. The list Of mares includes sucn
names as Mineral Beeswng. Gratitude, Fireily.
Empress Altona Lecair Risk. etc. AS Tor the
destination Of the stock the tnoroushpiieus
raised at Ksber sold at auction as yearnngs
To native breeders racing men, but buyers are
subject to the stipulation to keep all thorough.
breds thus purchased and not 10 let them OUT OF
the country after their racing career Is over.
The average price for yearlings Is ABOUT sl,zVo:
though in some cases the hgure mas Ieac t
Sc 900 The half-bred mares NUMBER ioo tney
average from l6 hands to 1853 hands III heisht'
and make good harness horses as We'll as hunters
Another perfect STUD ldrfH - tHd' VI pap'ass
which consists OF 10000 acres ana possesses 4oV
horses all Of which are Thoroughbred or mar
bred Arabs Since its foundation In l's9 the sues
have all been Of Eastern origin; the mares peihs
Hungarian Transylvanian and bessarapiat
The object OF the stud is to raise half-bred ARABS
of medium height, varying from ID 10 10
hands The Arab horse seems more 10 thrive anu
TO feel more at home in Hungary than any any,
where else in Europe. probably owing TO ,ne iao S
tina, this country of ntermnaoie p'alriS ndamr
"pusztas'' has something OF savage erdnueu.
and Of oriental charm that recall the mysticism
and the perfect freedom Of desert lie. .
The Oldest and largest stud farm IN ~ hungary
10 Nezz1hegyes which comprises iO,Ooo acres
n was founded as royal stud In 100; anu
here for more than a century various weli-es-
tablished types OF horses nave peen iosiheu py
crossing different breeds, by the enect OF
climatic conditions. food etc. The OLD orig
inal stud was formed from Transylvanian Bees
sarabian. Polish. Mecklenburg and other mares
selected from the best animals found IN the
Austrian army. which had gone through the
Turkish or the French campaign at the De-
ginning OF the century In some cases mares
captured in war and renowned for great powers
Of endurance We're placed in the stud. no mat.
ter what their breeding was. The fourth great
stud farm o. Emperor Francis Josepns t do-
Carpa than Mountains. In Pennsylvania, ana
was founded twenty years ago for the improve
ment Of the breed Of horses in the mountain
districts. The ace from which this stud IS
founded is Of Neapolitan. Spanish and Oriental
origin. and the principle OF native breeding IS
extensively practsed. Besides these stud FARMS
which are not only self-supporting but snow an
annual surplus there five stallion depots in
various parts OF the Empire. and a very large
proportion OF the 100000 horses in Hungary
are descended from well-bred Government sires.
In Hungary alone there are in all $50 private
stud farms-a very good proof indeed that the
Government horse breeding establishments by
no means interfere with individual enterprise
OF course all these establishments are OF great
value to the veterinary profession. branch or
which exists in the Austro-Hungarian War De-
partment. The Hungarian Legislature is very
liberal in IT'S grants for the improvement OF
horse-breedng. subsidy Of sllOoooo Is given
for the maintenance of the stud farms and
depots. the organization of races and the be-
stowal of prices. Besides this there is
special fund Of 5000 0O0 the revenue from which
is used principally for purchasing thorough
breds in England and on the Continent which
are sold az auction to Hungarian breeders
French gentlemen farmers have striven FOR
many years TO follow in the footsteps or the
Hungarians in So far horse-breeding is con-
cerned. but yet they have by no means
! achieved such marked success as have their
Magyar brothers In sport. However there is no
reason why good breeds Of horses, both useful
and ornamental. should not be reared in France.
Norman and Percheron. Auvergnat and l.mousfn
horses are famous in history and tradition. and
the conditions which produced them are unim-
paired Unfortunately. | am forced 10 add that
French horse-breeiers do not like Hungarians
give their entire attention and best efforts 10
their business. and are more or less al the
mercy of their grooms and chefs d'ecurie. The
partial failure OF hOrse-breeding in France comes
from lack of practical knowledge on the part or
the horse-breeders in many cases. and in quite
many more Is attributable to the racing
stables in raising horses for which all other quail
tiles are wrongly sacrificed to speed-and speed.
moreover that has to be kept up for very short
time only SO that it may go with the minimum
OF strength. Besides this the colts run far
too young and their training Is faulty. In Eng
land. as well in France. there Is great room
for the Improvement OF colts. Tradition has es-
tablished a belief that young animals. left to
run about in all weathers exposed TO all the
changes Of temperature never groomed ana pick
ing up their food as they can, become stronger,
harder and better tempered This is serious
mistake and one which Ia productive OF much
harm: for experience has demonstrated that in
stead OF becoming hardened thereby the colts
on leaving the paddock are usually more delicate
than stable trained colts catch cold more easily
and have To be gradually accmatzed before
being in condition To enter upon full work. This
Is probably due to the lack OF daily grooming
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