Fisherman & farmer. [volume] (Edenton, N.C.) 1887-19??, 1894-04-27


The Brazilian rebellion has collapsed COM
pleteIy. Tho military forces Of President
PeixOtO have driven the insurgents out of
the State of Rio Grande do Sui, and the de-
feated and discomflted Admiral de Melo has
disembarked 1900 insurgent troops on the
frontier of Uruguay and surrendered
himself and his command to the Uru-
guayan authorities, who have disarmed
them. Though the state of siege at Rio de
JaneirO has been extended to June 13, it is
believed that MellO'S surrender will enable
the Brazilian Government to raise the siege
within much shorter time. The Uruguay
an Government, after having been no
titled by Mello of his desire to sur
render, sent out battalion of infantry to
receive his submission. The commanding Of
flcer, after comforting with MellO, accepted
his sword and placed him and his followers
formally under arrest. MellO landed his men
from the Repubiica. Admiral da CANA has
caused the publication Of a protest against the
treatment he received at the hands of the
commander of the Portuguese war ship Min
dellO. He declares that the Portuguese Cap
tain, after Offering him an asylum on board
his vessel. detained him and the other Bra
zilians, refusing to permit them to land, in
spite OF the fact, the Admiral alleges, that
the Argentine authorities had signified their
willingness to receive them.
A dispatch from Rio de Janeiro, says:
The naval revolution in Brazil came to an
inglorious end March 13. Its finale was as
farcal as its succession of incidents (scarce-
iy worthy the name of events) were grotesque
in the eyes of the foreigners who looked upon
them with impartial interest.
President PeiXotO brought nine craft, un-
worthy of respectable consideration as men
Of-War, into the bay. At the same time Adj
miraI Saldanha da CANA and his insurgent
fellOH-oficers fed from their worse than use
less craft, abandoned Villegagnon, Ihla das
CObras and MOcanguO Islands without firing
a shot, and huddled like fugitive sheep un-
der the white Geneva cross, on Euchadas
Island
OF the number of men who surrendered
no trustworthy account can be obtained. The
stories vary from 900 to 1900 but it is now
proved beyond doubt. rs was often asserted
hy the United Press, that fewer than 500 eff
fectiY0 fighting men remained under Da
Gamas command.
OF the number killed on each side no ac-
count has been or will be made. But rea-
sOnable estimate shows that Da CANA and
MellO together carried out about 2000 men
and cadets. This number was increased by
volunteers who managed to reach the
ships singiy and in groups of two
and three, until perhaps 500 men
were added. There remain all told
sick. wounded. unframed laborers, and
marines, from 1900 to 1900, while Mello may
have carried out of port when he ostensibly
went south for recruits. as many as 500. 1t
is therefore guessed that the rebels lost in
killed not far from 500 men.
1t is still more difficult to make an esti-
mate of Government losses, but it is ac-
knOwledGed en- all sides that the Govern
ment lost moro than the insurgents did in
every fight during the raids made along
shore by the insurgent tugs. The Norden-
felt and Hotchkiss guns often worked
great destruction to the soldiers guard
ing the piers. when the rebels rarely lost
a lnIN . so N hn rLyC N
on shore that the tug Captains used to sit on
stools outside the pilot houses, smoking
cigarettes while raiding the shore line under
what the Government called ''the heated
persecution by the YalOrOus and inyincible
defenders of the Republic
According to Baron Cabo Frio, of the For
eign Office, it was because so many soldiers
had been killed that PeixotO refused to offer
D1 CANA any terms worth considering at
the time the rebel Admiral applied to Ad-
miral Benham fCc arbitration. On the whole,
from lOO0 to 1Z00 soldiers were killed about
the bay in the sbirmishes that occurred dur
ing the six months of warfare
While Da Gama's flight does not end the
war, 1t ends the present danger of the repub-
lcan form of Government, and in that every
American can properly congratulate Brazil.
A war is still on in the south, but it is not for
the cause which Da CANA represented. The
people OF Rio Grande do Sui and of
Santa Catharina have been fighting for
about two years to resist such repressive and
unconstitutional acts as the removal Of their
Governors by the central authority Peixo-
to did that. and was aided and advised in it
by MellO until MellO saw his own aspir-
at!Ons TO become President blocked by
his chief. Then he deserted Peixoto, as he
hal previously deserted tho Emperor and
the first President. He took advantage of
the war in the south and of the discomfort
in the navy, which was grumbling because
the army had the cheese and the knife
both, and created a revolt in the bay.
The rebellion in the south was justified.
MellOS revolt was an infamous attempt to
crafty personal ambition at the expense of
the lives and prosperity of Brazilians. Al
though hehad complete control of the bay and
adozen well-armed ships, Mello failed to take
toe city or arouse an insurrection there.
There was a widespread passive sympathy
for him, due solely to a hatred of Peixoto's
dOmineerinS policy But Mello's fight had
failed by the end of NOyembes.
Then came Da CANA, who, as head of the
naval school on EnchadOs and CObras islands,
had proclaimed himself neutral. Da CANA
was monarchist. He took charge of the in
surgent forces III the bay and issued procia-
nation which meant that he intended to r9-
established monarchy. Mello with the men-os-
war Aquidahan and Republica left the harbor
ostensi IDLY to go south to organize helping
forces there and to 60 north to intercept the
Government fleet coming from New YORK.
Both these objects could have been easily ac
complished, but Mello turned traitor TO Da
Cana as he had turned traitor to all the rest
who had befrien nded him.
Hope deferred made Da Gama's heart sick
before January had ended, but he was
nagged into holding on by the English,
royalist and church sympathizers on shore.
The Asuidaban came back for brief inter
val and several small islands were taken
from the Government. Then came
the heroic attack on Armacao on the
morning of February O. At the head OF
his crew of perhaps SOD men Da Cana
carried the along shore forts by storm, but
when in their enthusiasm, the sailors rushed
up the streets to the public plaza, they were
overwhelmed by the flood of 5000 Govern
ment soldiers that came down upon them.
Da CANA did all that he had originally in
tended to do, but more than 200 of his men
were left behind. His last fight was made.
Nevertheless, he still had hope. His
friends actively vaunted his cause on the
streets and secretly intrigued to keep the
Government fleet from coming. Captain
Baker, of tho Nictheroy, says nearly all OF
the Braziltans in the feet were worse
than half hearted. Still the deet did come