The Helena independent., 1894-12-04
AGRICULTURE
This Great Department Discussed at Length
BY the President.

The secretary OF agriculture, In his re-
port. reviews the operations of hts de
partment for the last fiscal year and
makes Recommendations for the further
extension OF It's useful ness. lie reports
a saving In expenditures during the year
OF $500 900, which is covered back into The
treasury. This sum is % per cent of the
entire appropriation. A special study has
been made Of the demand for American
farm products In all foreign markets. es-
ppcially Great Britain. That country re-
ceived from the United States during the
nine months ending Sept, %, 1884 3Oo,slO
live beef cattle valued at S2i,SO,OO as
against ls26ll cattle valued at sl6.62lO 900
during the same period OF 1898 During
the first six months OF 1891 the United
Kingdom took also ll2,0W,OOO pounds OF
DIRE ssed beef from the United States, val
ued at nearly SlO.OO0,0O0. The report shows
that during the nine months Immediately
preceding Sept. 30, 1891 the United states
exported 70 Great Britain 222. .616OJl pounds
of pork; of apples, 100000 pounds, valued
nj 81 10000, and OF horses, S,sSl, at an
average value of slS9 per head,
There was falling OF in American
wheat exports OF l3.5D0oO bushels, and the
secretary is inclined 10 believe that wheat
may not in the future, be the staple eN-
l0ll ttItNl llRANhA "a NNt NNtAt'f' y ''Nfh
that corn will continue 20 advance In lm-
portnnce ms an export ON account Of the
new uses to which Il Is constantly being
appropriated.
The exports Of agricultural products
from the United States for the year ending
June ~. 1894. amounted TO sG2S, SS',0l3, being
TBS per cent Of American exports OF every
description. and the United Kingdom of
Great Britain took more than ~ per cent
.f Ill fa- UHliprr fNrsiou
kcts.
The department of agriculture has un-
dcrtaken during the year two new and
important lines OF research. The first
relates TO grasses and forage plants, with
the purpose OF instructng and famlliarlZ-
Ing the people as to the distinctive grasses
OF the United States. and teaching them
how to Introduce valuable foreign forage
plants which may be adapted to This coun-
Try. The second relates 70 agricultural
soils and crop productions, involving the
analysis Of samples of soils from all sec
lions OF the American union, 20 demons
strale their adaptahillty 10 particular
plants and crops. Mechanical analysis
OF soils may be- OF such inestimable utility
that II u foremost IN the new lines Of ag
Tlcultural research, and the secretary
therefore recommends that division hav-
ing IL IN charge be permanently estab-
lished in the department
The amount appropriated for the wca-
ther bureau was ssll, 100 OF that sum
Sl2S. 800 or u per cent has been saved and
is returned to the treasury. As lllustrat-
inE the usefulness OF this service, II may
b. here stated that the warnings which
were very generally given Of the TWO irop-
ical storms occurring in September ana
October Of the present year resulted IN
OBTAINING safely In port 2.Sl5 vessels val
nod uf mil s.T
probably still greater value What much
more important and gratifying. many hu-
man lives on these ships were also un-
doubtedly saved.
The appropriation to the bureau OF anil
nal Industry was $4,000 and The cxpcndl-
lures for the year were only sil5 i292 q.
thus leaving uncVPenled 1854 750.j5. The
inspection Of beef animals for export and
Interstate trade has been continued, and
lAaH,u56 head were inspected during the
year, m a cost ~ ia cents per hend.
against iH cents for 1898 The amount Of
pork microscopicnliy examined was &c.
~ .911 pounds. against 2OG7. ll1 pounds IN
lhc preceding year. The cost of this n-
spcction has diminished from G}l cents per
hend In 1898 10 81 cents In 1885,.
The expense OF Inspecting the pork sold
IN 1894 TO Germany and France Dy the
United States was S., 92e, 40 Tho quantity
inspected was grcntcr by l5Wl.Ul pounds
!han during The preceding year. whom the
-ost ~ such inspection was tT2.251 81 The
secrntufy 0f agriculture recommends thar
Tho law prOyding Tor thr microscopic Ia
7ucrton of export and Interstate moot be-.
so amended as 10 compel owners OF the
m'ni Inspected 10 pny the cost Of au,h ln-
sp"etlnu. Uul ! gnl attention la the arr
uumrnts presented iu hls report IN sup
port ~ This recommendation
The llyu beef cattle exported lnd tagged
1urinR lhu yr1r numbered a& ll This Ms
~ inUrcgsr Of 1ia2 head over the previous
T'1r The sanitary iusuc,u1u OF tattlp
shlppcd 10 Europe has cost nn average OF
lo'i cents for Darh animal, and tho cost
OF Inspection of Roulhrrn catllu and th,.
aisinfrrton of care and stock yards aver
uEr 20 cents per aulmal
IN" Frirntlnr lndulrcs under direction
o. the bureau ot animal Industry hAvc
progressed steadily during the year
Much tuhoTrulIu and malHin have been
Wrn"hrd o. state authorltiys TOR usr In
thr agricultural 'ull"E"s and experiment
stations Tor thr treatment of tubrrpulosl4
and glaudurs quite recently tnir depart.
mont huH published the rrsults uf Ifs n.
YcFtlgNuuus uf hoyluc Tuberculosis and
lts researches will be- vigorously ooutiu.
uct 'uriViu herds in tho DiFtriSt ol
COLUMBIA Will hc thoroughly inspected
AMI wiz probably supply adequate scup,
FOR The department 10 lntrllI grutIy pr1s..
cute lts scientific work and furnish sum.
ri'nt material ior purposes OF Illustration
description and definition. Tho girrlliza
ton Ot MIX suspected af containing th,
horUiln OF tuberculosis has been. durins
the vror, very thoroughly cNplninvI 10
lrMlrl Icy DE- - u. salmon, the rhlpI
Of Tho bureau, and given guunral tirrula
iion throughout The country.
Thr office NJ experiment station. Whlri
la part ~ the Emitted states department
" agriculture. has, during The past your
engaged itself almost wholly IN prcpArlnl
for publication works bosod UPON The re-
ports Of agricultural experimental sta
aOna and other Institutions for apricul