The sun., 1894-09-30

licved from THIS annoyance by travelling
night. We therefore remained IN this cam
twenty-three hours. Then. leaving the thre,
runner sledge and attaching the twenty Ave r,
manning dogs Cbig Kessuh having died durin
tho night to the long sledge on which wa
packed nothing but our tent, cooking apparatus
and sleeping gear, we began the last stage Q
our retrent
About mile and quarter from camp W
| came upon one Of the bamboo mile posts on tn
trail from the moraine 10 the cache igloos an,
| taking up the familiar course from this q
| Pigeon Camp. we passed other poles and ten
sites. and 20 on downward, with tho ice caps o
Nedcllffe Peninsula and those between Ingleflelt
Gulf and oiriks Bay, gradually climbing abov,
| the edge OF tho ice cap ahead OF us.
Abreast Of Pigeon Camp we found the surfac,
OF the fee cap secured and tortured into frozer
waves Of such size and ragRedness as 10 be i'm
passable for the sledge, the crests Of the wave,
constantly catching on the crossbars. Viewer
now only six miles from the morainc. so the
dogs were detached from the .ledge and divided
among the boys. while went ahead. We passed
on down TO the moraine camp. which we reached
at 2 o'clock in the morning. Here left the
boys TO rect and take n nap and hurried on down
tho valley TO the lodge 10 get hot drink and
stimulants ready for them against their arrival.
I reached Anniversary Lodge about o o'clock.
THE CLOTHING OF THE PARTY.
wish TO eivo some details OF the clothing we
wore during the six weeks we were on the in
land ice. Tho costume OF each member OF the
party was as follows:
First, woollen underwear, varying from a light
weight Jaeger combination suit worn by myself,
10 a suit OF heavy woollen shirt and drawers and
two woollen sweaters worn by Baldwin.
Second. n pair of fur trousers worn with the
fur outside. those OF Baldwin. Entrikin, Clark,
and Davidson being Of bcarskin; those OF As
trup, DIR. Vincent, and Lee of dogskin. and my
own OF decrskin, though should have much
preferred dogskln could have obtained II.
Third. a hooded deerskin shirt OF tho summer
dooskln. made large enough to be worn over tho
trousers; and worn with the fur inside.
Fourth. a hooded deerskn coat, made Of the
winter deerskin and worn with the fur outside.
Fifth. heavy woollen stockings.
Sixth, kammiCks tEskimo bootsl and dog
skin or decrskn moccasns, largo enough to be
worn fur inside, over the kammicks
Seventh, woollen, deerskin, dogskln. or seal
skin mittens.
This costume was practically the same rs that
which was found TO 10 go satisfactory by Asirup
and myself two years earlier. with the exception
that II comprised an additional garment. name
~. the dccrskin undershirt. with this costume
foet and legs up to the knees, found It possible
10 bo entirely comfortable lying directly upon
tho snow in temperatures as low as 500 Fair.
Neither did experience any mshap 70 face or
nose when sleeping in these temperatures other
than the Inconvenience OF having tho face OPEN
Ing Of the kooletah almost com pletely closed q |
times by the ice formed by tho condensation of
he breath. My hands were entirely safe, rs |
hey as well as my arms were withdrawn entire |
y from my sleeves and folded across my breast |
inside Of both deerskin garments.
THE EQUIPMENT.
The equipment was In general much the same
IS that had taken two years earlier. It was,
iowcver. more extensive as TO meet the needs |
Il the larger party. and the instrumental and
culinary departments were OF necessity In dupli-
ato and triplicate. to meet the requirements Of
hree separate parties.
Our slcdgcs were all double-enders, but no
wo were precisely alike, full swing having been
'ven to the mechanical ability of Entrikin and
Istrup during the winter In the construction OF
hese Arctic vehicles.
Our sleeping gear was of three kinds, namely:
rwo-man bags. onc-man baGs, and sleeping boots
nd trousers combined, there being two Of each
ind In the equipment. l had hoped and ex-
'ccted, owing TO the perfection of the costumes
nd sleeping bags that wo would be able TO dis
ense with the extra weight and labor con-
ected with the use OF a tent. As q precaution,
owever. started with light "protean" tent,
'hich hnd been on the Ice cap during the winter.
hould It prove supcrfuous I could easily leave
by the way, while should II be essential IL
ould be retained permanently. The experience
the first week on the ice cap showed that IL
'as not advisable to be without 1t. and the
quinoctial storm gave grounds for thinking IL
'ould be folly TO abandon II. II therefore re-
iained permanent item Of our equipment
CHARACTER OF THE INLAND TOE
The character OF the inland ice as far as we
reversed 1t was entirely in accordance with
hat had anticipated Beginning at the mo-
Aine camp on the edge Of the Ice cap o,34O feet
bove sea level, the surface OF the inland ice
ses rapidly for two miles and a half then less
apidly for four miles further In, then for dis
ince OF some twenty miles II Is slightly undu-
ittng. Thence II ascends by q series OF long
nd gradually rising terraces 10 the divide be-
xeen Kane Basin and Whale Sound, whsnce It
rtends, practically level plain. over 5000
yet above tho sea northeastward to the north
IN extremity Of tho country.
My object In taking my course last spring
irther east than two years ago was to avoid tho
escent into the great Humboldt. Petermann,
nd Sherard Osborne glacier basins, ana It is
Vident that the route took will accomplish
iis object Another thing which had sus-
ected two years earlier. and OF which had be-
)me convinced after examinations OF the in
md Ice during November. January, and Feb
iary last, was that the snow surface OF earliest
'rtng would, as the result OF tho slight precip-
alton and excessive wind pounding Of the win
II, AFFORD better travelling than at any other
ason OF the year, and this proved to be the case.
At no time were we troubled with tho deep
low which at times during May. June, and
ily OF 1909 retarded Astrup and myself. Our
'eatest annoyance as regards the surface OF
10 ice cap consisted OF the sastrugi long. sharp
lged, adamantins drifts OF icy snow. disposed
such manner as TO make It impossible 10
'oid all of them. was not prepared, how
'er, for tho continuous and excessive winds
I'd frequent snow storms OF the early spring
v theory being that such violent atmospheric {
would take place later in the !
ring, when large areas Of open water would
/ as centres Of disturbance. 7
THE CAUSES OF FAILURH :
Tho causes Of failure OF tho trip this spring