davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning news., 1894-10-21

BY Alderman Charlton-An ordinance to
amend section one hundred and eighteen
Q1S) of MacDonelPs code of Savannah, so
as to prescribe the time when the term OF
city officers shall begin:
Section /. Be it ordained by the mayor
and aldermen of the city of Savannah in
council assembled, and it is hereby or
dained by authority of the same, that
section one hundred and eighteen G1sN Of
Mac Donelps code of Savannah be and the
same is hereby amended by adding and
inserting after the word years" in the
third line thereof the words from the first
day of January next, following the date
of their election" so that said section as
amended shall read: THE term of office
of all city officers to be elected by the
board Except when elected to fill an unex-
pired term) shall be for the term of two
years from the first day Of January next
following the date of their election, and
until their successors are elected and
qualified"
Section q All ordinances and parts Of
ordinances in conflict with this ordinance
are hereby repealed.
Ordinance read in council for the first
time Oct. II, 1894, and published for infor-
nation. F. =. REBARER,
Clerk of Council
The morning news., 1894-10-21

made at every needful point that one
movement shall not begin until the nee
essary previous movement is completed.
The fact that the linotype casts its
type in solid lines does not in any way
affect the usual stereotyping Of the forms.
So fast as the forms are made up. they
are sent to the stereotyping room, and
are there cast in the Cylinders from which
the paper is printed. From there they are
sent to the press room, where they are
adjusted to the immense Hoe press.
The Morning News plant was erected by
Mr. D. s. Kennedy, mechanical and ex-
pert operator, representing the Mergen-
thaler company, and is one of the best
plants he has ever put in
The morning news., 1894-10-21

its motion is a yielding one. it being
actuated by weight SO as to give con-
stant pressure, whether the space bands
are pushed up n short or long distance.
The mechanism for distributing or re-
turning the matrices to their appropria-
ate magazines is Of remarkable simple
1ty. Each matrix contains at the top
notch with toothed edges, special
number or arrangement of teeth being
appropriated for each character. dis
tributor bar extending over the mouths
of the magazine channels is provide
with horizontal ribs or teeth, varying in
number and arrangement over the re-
spectlve channels. When the matrices
are raised by the arm from the casting
mechanism, they are presented between
two revolving horizontal screws, which
engage their edges and cause them to
travel successfully along the distributor
bar, from which they are suspended by
their teech. AS each matrix reaches a
position over it's channel its teeth dis
engage from the bar and it falls into it's
magazine.
The metal is an alloy of lead, an
timony and bismuth, which has mod
erately low melting point and solidifes
very quickly The outside of the melt
ing pot is jacketed with asbestos, and
between this jacket and the pot the heat
from the Bunsen burner circulates, being
especially directed around the nozzle
of the pot. TO secure perfect castings
the metal must not be so hot as to take
an appreciable time to solidify in the
mold; and If it is too cold it is apt to
| solidify before the mold is full To keep
the metal a the proper temperature, an
automatic mercury governor was at
tached to the gas jet, acting to reduce
the flow of gas when the metal is heated
too much and vice versa. 1t was also
| found necessary to keep the pot away
! from the mold except when a cast is
| being made Otherwise the mold was
! heated so hot that the linotype did not
| cool fast enough. A fuse was also first
made to slide to and from the mold. but
in the present machine it is pivoted. and
! is rocked to and from the mold by a
| cam.
! The pump which forces the metal into
! the mold is Of the simplest possible pat
/ tern. It's plunger acts also as a slide
! valve to CLOSE the round port between
/ the cylinder and the outer port of the
! pot. Although the cast linotypes do con-
/ tain blowholes, often of considerable size.
| they are not found on its body; and the
| face of the type, cast against the mat
| rices, is absolutely free from blowholes
! or roughness. The explanation of this
much appreciated phenomena is that the
molten metal is squirted in jets directly
| against the matrices and hardens there
! first. The confined air collects toward
! the back of the mold, and while most OF il
| escapes enough remains to form blow
J holes near the foot of the linotype.
The morning news., 1894-10-21

where the matrices are assembled. All
the other channels deliver the matrices
was an absolute necessity In the design
of the machine that the time OF transit
between the mouths of the magazines
and the setting point should be the same
for every matriX. An expert operator
will often have four or i've matrices
on their way from the magazine to the
assembling point at one time. Evidently
these must be brought to the assem- bling
point in the same order in which the
keys were struck, or there will be trans
position Of letters. Now the speed and
inclination of the carrier belt are ad-
iusted to effect this synchronous deliv-
cry, and so accurately is this done that
a matriX from the farthest magazine on
the right reaches the assembling point
as soon as one which can drop straight
The morning news., 1894-10-21

of publication that may arise
The placing of the linotype in the
Morning News composing room has
wrought a complete transformation. The
Morning News plant consists al present
of seven machines erected at a cost of
$25,000 An eighth machine is being built
to set the heads for the paper. Although
stil inexperienced, the operators during
the last week averaged 25,240 ems per man
each night.
The first week the machines were in op-
Grafton one experienced operator and six
inexperienced men set up 1856 800 ems, an
average of 176,6S5 ems for each machine.
In hand composition 5000 ems a night of
eight hours, exclusive of distribution, Is
considered good work. The distribution
is about one-fourth the work of hand
composition. When the machines are
under full headway with experienced op-
orators it is expected they will set 1000
ems each every hour.
Where the machines have been in
use long enough for the men to
get accustomed to them, they are setting
daily from 5000 to $500 ems per hour, and
the average throughout the country, good
and bad, is $500 ems per hour. There are
many operators in the country who set,
month after month, from 100000 to $50, 900
The morning news., 1894-10-21

to It. But the spaces are delivered
from a magazine on the left hand at n
point much closer to the assembling
point than the mouths OF the matriX
magazines. To retard the delivery Of
the spaces, the channel In which they
drop Is supplied with n stop lever which
is rapidly opened and closed by a cam
movement; this effect delays enough to
synchronize the movement CT the spaces
md matrices.
Automatic justification, which has
proved impractcable with ordinary type,
is comparatively simple process with
matrices. In fact, at first glance, it
would seem that the use Of wedges for
spaces, which could be showed up 10 eX-
tend the line To the fun width desired.
would meet all requirements But a
wedge working between parlle faces
bears only az one point hcnce Ct was
necessary TO use a compound wedge
haying its outer faces parallel and It's
inner faces inclined.
When the operator approaches the ond
OF the line beIl - gs TO warn him. and
ho either divides the last word ana puts
The morning news., 1894-10-21
NANEW DRESSEVERY DAY.
The Morning News Type Setting ali
by Machinery Now.

The Wonderful Linotype Succeeds the
CompOsitor and Keeps Pace With the
Web Press-WhoIe Lines of Type Cast
Four Times as Quick as 1t Can Be Set
by Hand-The Latest Wonder of a
Newspaper Office.
Ordinarily it costs from 1900 to 5000
for a. new newspaper dress which is sup
posed TO answer for 365 days in the year
for two to three years. The Morning
News appears in a bran new dress every
morning. Its type is now set up" by
machinery. An operator at a keyboard.
The morning news., 1894-10-21

similar to that of a typewriter. sets up
lines of brass letter matrices in a mould
upon which the machine itself automau-
caIly casts lines Of type. This is tho
work of the marvellous Mergenthaler lin
otype.
The introduction of typesetting ma
chimes and their successful operation so
that within three weeks from the day
their wheels were started they are turn
ing out enough type to supply the pa
per's demands, marks another era in
progress which has placed the Morning
News among the leaders of the journal
istio procession.
When the Morning News was first es-
tablished the entire type reset every day
would not amount to three columns of the
matter in the present issue, and twenty
five years ago it is probable that one lin
otype machine could have set all the type
then used in the paper.
The change from the compositor and
the case" and ''stick" to the linotypc.
from the slow and laborious old cylinder
press with its 200 impressions an hour to
The morning news., 1894-10-21

not be depressed far enough or held long
enough to permit the matrix to start out
of the magazine. To oDviate this the yer
teal rod connecting the end of the key
lever to the matrix discharging mechan-
ism has projection on it against which a
spring roller works. Its action is to re-
sist the upward motion of the rod at the
start and afterward to accelerate it. Then,
if the operator only partially depresses
a key, the automatic action completes it.
The effect of this automatic action, how
ever, would be to leave the key de-
pressed; so a cam is attached to the verti-
The morning news., 1894-10-21

line on the machine than it is to reset
movable type by hand.
The action of me machine after touch
ing the keys is entirely automatic. The
operations of composing one line of
matrices, casting from another and dis
tributing third to the magazines from
which they are started are concurrent.
Thus it is that the machine is adapted
to operate beyond the speed at which any
operator has been able to finger the keys.
Tho distribution of the matrices back
to their magazines is perhaps the most
ingenious, and certainly the most in
The morning news., 1894-10-21

the magazine, ready to slide down again
teresting feature of this triple produc-
ton of one mind. After the line is cast a
long iron arm comes automatically from
the back of the machine TO the matrices,
picks them up with the faculty of human
hand, and lifts them to an endless screw
at the top OF the machine. These matrices
are all nicked on the principle of a Yale
lock. AS they slide along the screw they
hang on by these hicks, which are so ar
ranged that when one of them reaches
it's channel the nick looses its hold and
the matrix drops into its proper place in
The morning news., 1894-10-21

cal rod and when it is raised to its highest
point, this cam is brought against a
rapidly revolving rubber roller. This re-
wolves the cam and pushes the key and its
rod back to their normal position.
Referring to the perspective view of
the machine, the magazines are in the
inclined plane at the top of the machine
and their mouths are along the line
where this plane meets the vertical The
matrices fall from the mouths of the
magazines down the vertical channels
seen in the perspective view. The left
hand channels end close to the point
The morning news., 1894-10-21

In most typesetting machines there is
a direct mechanical connection between
the key and the pusher which elects a
type from a magazine. This is true also
Of the Linotype; but the machine has also
additional features, which go long way
toward insuring a positive and correct ac-
tion. With an operator giving the light
touch which IS necessary in very rapid
work, there is danger that the key may
The morning news., 1894-10-21

and molten typemetal is mechanically
forced against It In a mold, the contents
of which, cooling instantly, energes in
the form Of a solid line Of type-hence the
name Linotype.
These lines are then automatically as
sembled in a galley, and when the galley
IS completed IT is ready for the proof
sheets. Necessary corrections are quickly
made. as It is easier to cast an entire new
The morning news., 1894-10-21

into the place of assemblage, as the op-
orator may desire to use it. So perfect is
this system of distribution that no letter
can get into the wrong channel, and the
matrices are in continuous use.
Thus it will be easily seen how advan-
tageOus the machine Is to the operator,
who in addition to the fact that on it he
can make more money for his eight hours
work, is by its ingenious construction re-
lieved of the additional two or three
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-14
OBTTI AR \.
VI WADDINGTON.

paris Ian IN Warrington. formerly Am
bassador TO England died this evening OF ALBUMIN
uria and diabetes.
william Henry Wadllngion was born in Paris in
1896 his father being wealthy Englsh cotton
manufacturer naturallzei In France I'll" son was
q student under Or Arnold at RusnY' from 1911
- ,s., IN the latter year entering Trinity College
C,rhrilpe WHERE. he remained until lSi9. At Rugby
n. was noted FOR his prowess at football ana u"
ror,ed in the winning Cambridge University boat IN
lsls "
After leaving Cambridge. with hrstclaSS hohors
in classics and the Chanceilors medal II" r''u'h'i
IN France whore he engaged in business ann' De
coming a member Of the Society Of AniquAI'e'' OF
Franc. occupiod his leisure with Greek hrcha"olo-
ric,l studies He ACCOMPANIED the French Govern
ment's archaeological expedition 70 ht'',', -'rt'
Minor and SYRIA ana %rg,. an o amriert coins
medals and inscriptions. produced an clifton OF M
.ait de " ii ,r,,i"s and in lN.l was
elected a member OF tho French Academy 81 In
In hat year NJ WlIlngton endeavored AZ a
by-election To- enter tn" Corps l."rislailt a- ""'
M. Aisne bit was defeated For many years be
was president Of the General Council ~ ne De
partment ~ the Aisn". On February : ~ h"
was elected from that department ~ ~" NAii3n'.
Assembly. lie sat in ne LEFT Centre am n..i'i
himself with the Republicans, h.hrt} S'p,,i ,inn"
Instruction IN 1873 blt retired I've DAYS later. with
VI. Thi'rs on January 3D. 40. b" Wa r'"c'"i
Senator for the Department ~ The A-n". and was
reelected in - for second term ~ n,nr
years. lie MS again Minister OF Public In
and resigned with the Admin ration or
6ecame Ninster "a OF Forcirn AT,lrs in The buiur
Cabinet He WAS thu first plenipot~ntary Of Franc"
ton Of Marshal MacNlahon NJ oravy invited him -
retain the FOREIGN portfolio WINE % -sim,nf M
otsy been nlleI by NJ DufaurD on December e.
S NJ 81. Tgayp, In ~, h. r.,r
scented France at the coronation OF car A"Nani"r
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-14
AMATEUR OARsMEN DISQUALIFIED.

About the liveliest meeting in the history Of the
National Association Of Amateur Oarsmen Of
America was held at the Glsoy House last night
Some sensational charges were made ana one In
particular will be a surprise TO the rowing world.
well as TO the Amateur Athletic Union 1t was a
special meeting Of the Executive Committee, and
delegates were present from all over the country
the full board being present for the first time.
While discussing the question Of the amateur
or professional standing of Robert Curren and John
GRAY IT, the delegates became eXited Gray and
urrcn had been charged with various offences. and
nc they had some Of the cases in court 1t WAS
argued that the association should postpone action
until after the other cases had been decided by
This brought out vigorous protest from Presi-
don't Garfield. who left the cHdT MT. GARFIELD
demanded that the case go on, and in his talk ana
The discussion which followed charges were made
against George Gray. brother of John Gray. jr.
fessional oarsman in c&nada, George Gray IS a
member of the NeW-York Athletic cub. ana he is
not only a prominent local athlete, but ne Is also
The shot putting champion of the Amateur Athletic
IT, association decided to disqualify both John
-rav fr and Curren. These men won the double
Sn,ii championship al Detroit. but the prize. which
was withheld. viii now go to me NespcI 'oai Cinb
,aiiv Of Allegheny; Edward Ryan, or Hartford,
and Horatio Dclano of Chelsea Mass. were re-
fused. oao,. ,.aro uo,-. xyb,,lr, Car
o,L Cherries Cailin, Harvey X Hnchman. Freder
IT, III y ETortmeycr. Theodore Van Raden. Walter
Ick -. lanes r. Doyle. oscar T. Schmidt. George
-. ~ rbe treasurcr's report showed that the
ieitoii, ,otal receipts for the year had been
q nix os: expenses $l2G p. with balance OH hand
OF $3.50 So
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-14
THE PRINT CLCTU U4PErT

Fall River Jan IL tSpecIaD.-The print cloth mar
ket has been quiet throughout the week. and IN.
demand has been almost wholly for odd goods ON ~
basis OF 27s cents for 6ixGis The deliveries n'.n,
light. and there has been further accumulation
of stock the 'otai on hand bang 222 900 pieces an
increase Of 1900 pieces The greater ,or,,o 81,
this increase - OF standard prints but sor,e ,
mills stocking mp on odd goods The onIv s,1os
OF regular goods made were for the purnose M,
determining the value OF spot els about wh,o,
there had been some controversy among broLars
and manufacturers.
AS inc i'oN'" gus along manufacturers begin
to lose hope In "A good business for tho o,r,n ~,
after-holday season is about over. but the denon,
is not up to expectations and the contracts for
Februlr! , hrr "I large enough TO keep down The
stock on hiHu. II The general business throu~bo",
he wan1 not S o f even fair basis they say
along 200 800 pieces OF Goods re,l 10 CARRYING
spring months non but, with the demand for print
cioth IN ING s'as railing on and the fine and fancy
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-14
TIRE REV DIR. JOHN NJ BUCHANAN

The Rev. pr John " buchanan died at No l9s
West Thrteenth-st., the home OF his son, the Rev
Walter j.. buchanan. pastor Of the Thirteenth
Street Presbyterian Church. Yesterday morning
For many years Dr. buchanan one OF the most
prominent Presbyterian clergynen In Wisconsin
Born at Fort Covingon. in this State December
81 1879 he graduated at Union College, and
afterward took a theological At the Prince
ton Theological Seminary. Just before he would
have been graduated at the seminary ne was chosen
as the honor man Of his class 10 respond To a call
from Milwaukee. whore a number Of Eastern men
who had lately gone TO that place, wished to cstab-
lish a Presbyterian church. ON his Journey Yves,
he was taken III with cholera. which delayed him
for a month. He finally reached Milwaukee, 10 find
that In thu shifting character Of the population Of
that time in the West. all the men who had sent
the call had left the town.
Not discouraged by this the young CLERGYMAN
hired a hail, and began 10 hold regular services In
II, starting with congregation % one. From this
beginning grew the North. now the Emanuel. Pres
byterian Church Of Milwaukee. of which Or IN
cnanan was pastor unu IT. union with the First
Presbyterian 'hurch of the same city In 1870
Contrary to general expectation, Dr. buchanan dld
not accept the pasOrac Of the united
which would naturally have come 10 him for
fInanuei 'iiuch w. th"n on" or the strongest In
the state. ~" Withdrew in favor OF Il younger man
and came East. His last regular charge nae ,b
Ainslie street Church. In brooklyn. of which h.
became the pastor IN MI and served 1t for several
from that pastorate often supplying purits ''t
remuneration when ne could DO good I'm that VA
Dr. buchanan was man Of unusual scholarship
and a finished orator. His contributions IN IN. ra
llgiOus press werr frequent. but he vas nre
eminently a preacher and q pastor His f,,n.rat
will be held in tn Thirteenth Street Prcsbyterian
Theodore l.. Cuyier and John d. Wells bo,h III III
friends 81 pr' buc"ahhl' VIII conduct the service
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-14

UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF THE
WESTMINSTER KENNEL. CLUB.

IT WILL. BE HELD IN MADISON SQUARE GARDEN
BEGINNING FEBRUARY 2o-INTEREsT TAKEN
BY FANCIERs ALI. OVER THE COUNTRY.
The eighteenth annual Dog Show Of the Westmin.
ster Kennel club VIII be held at Madison Square
Garden February 90 81, % and %. The announce
Of the premiums ard special prizes was made
yesterday. and the coming exhibition eagerly
awaited by dog fanclers all over the country. The
entry list will close February 3 The club will
award over $500 in prizes. and the special prizes
offered by the clubs DEVOTED TO different breeds
worth nearly much. The scope of the show is
indicated by the numbers Of regular classes. 2l5
while there will be lj6 special classes.
Every breed and type Of the thoroughbred dog Is
recognized in the allotment Of classes The first
prizes in the regular classes are go sl5 and SO
each: second prizes 81 and so, and third prizes
SO and s. Some of the specials are worth as high
$500
Mastiffs head the list, and the regular prizes for
this breed aggregate $50 and among the additional
specials Is a cup valued at $500, well cups Of
lesser value st. Demands and field dogs win be
feature OF the show There are eighteen classes Tor
spanies, while coles. bulldogs. Dloodhounds. Great
Danes. Newfoundlands. Russ wolfhounds, deer
or bob tails" poolles. Bssset hounds. beag.es.
dachshunde, terriers of all sorts puss and mscella-
endless Variety.
The officers of the Westminster Kennel Club are;
j. g. *. Duer. president; Robert G. Cornell, vice
president Thomas ii. Terry. secretary and F. o.
DE I.uZe. treasurer.
The officials for the show will be: Rench Show
Committee. Thomas r. Terry and n. IL. Cromwell
Judges-Mastffs. Francis r. Cnderh!ll. oyster Bay;
st. Bernards NeWfOundlands and pugs. Miss A. H.
Whitney, Lancaster. Mass b.OcdhOunds Russian
woifhounds deerhounds. grayhounds English re-
trevers. Irish and Gordon settlers. beagles and mis-
cellaneous class. john Davidson. Munroe. Mich.
Great Danes. Basset hounds and lachshunde, @.
MussArnolt. Tuckahoe. y. y; pointers. Charles
Heath. Newark. y. j: English settlers. American
foxhounds AMI Chesapeake Bay dogs. Major J.. NJ.
Taylor ~ this city Irish water spanie.s, ciumber.
field. and cocker spanies. a. Clinton Wi;merdins,
New-York: coes, Or l.. g. Sauveur, Chestnut
and toy terriers and Italian greyhounds, II. T.
Foote, New Roch ,e poodles. Irish dandie dlnmont.
and toy spanels. Or: NJ: IL ,Cryer; Philadelphia;
r. F. MAYHEM. of this city bull terriers c. Albert
Stevens OF this city: English foxhounds A. Bel.
mont Purdy. Garden City; fox terriers (smooth), T.
S Bellln Albany. y. Y; bull dogs. T.. A. Woodward.
Chicago; H. Clay Glover, veterinarian.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-01-14
NOTES or THE STAGE.

Miss Edith Crane appeared with the Iyeeum Theatre
companv for the time last night In our country
Cousins taking the part played at irst 10y MISS a'a
Madison Miss Crane formerly member OF Angus
tin Days company.
~, committee amounted by the meeting OF theatrical
managers last week for beneht Tor the 'hari-
table organizations that active at the present time
Inns decided TO give a benefit on large s'a'e curry !"
,. Further details will be arranged at "A meeting
10 be- held on Tuesday.
The French pnntomime company Is to play Inc irodi'
yl som. nj tho Vaudeville Club for week. beginning
February o.
The Baroness Won wrede. the mother OF Mrs 'hares
cyh,ap formerly Miss Kuhne Beveridge Is to sail Tor
,,,n nj, Tuesday and there was report yesterday
,ho, Mrs Coghlan would with her The baroness
s,d las, night that this was not the case She was
going To Join her husband ana 10 ake her younger aus
ronwork.
T. : Willard's production OF Hamlet has been re-
..ved for nsxs week his ninth and last ss the Garden