The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-10-25


lie mind and absolutely clear Of criticism.
affecting their department, by the gen.
/ erai assembly, during the entire term Of
their service.
REFORMATORY.
Our system needs 10 be further amended
! by the establishment of state reforma-
| tory or training school for young crimi-
mails.
During my term of Office I have or
/ dered and secured the separation Of the
/ sexes and the races in the state peniten-
/ uary, and the change has worked great
/ good to the system.
I have had no authority under the law, to
sparate the young offenders from the
| older and more hardened criminals. For
the lack of such policy the best interests
of the state have suffered greatly.
No argument is needed to show the per-
| manent hurtful effects of an indiscrimi-
nate close confinement of all kinds of Of
tenders gainst the law.
The duty of the state is not complete
when the offender has been simply pun
ished, and it may be, cruelty abused. He
deserves, and the interests of the state de-
mand that he shall be made better man.
Not only should the state secure the
moral interests of its prisoners against
the evil influences of environment, but
1T should give to these fallen people such
moral helps and training as will make
them better upon reservation to liberty
and possible citizenship. This is espe-
cially true of young criminals.
The increase of crime in the state is
not so much attributable to the growing
bad morals Of the people as to the train
ing system found in our chain-gangs
and short terms in the penitentiary, with
out moral restraint and helpful influences.
IF we Keep abreast the civilization of
the times and improve the moral standard
of our people, we must use more humane
n CffepdeFg
the law.
l earnestly recommend a suitable ap
preparation for the establishment of re-
formatory, or training school, for youth
full offenders.
We cannot stop to consider the pittance
Of cost when we count the crimes it will
prevent and the multitude of good citizens
it will save to the state.
The state needs to give attention to the
prevention of crime through more rational
plans than its severe punishment.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
The geological department of this state
has been thoroughly we'll organized by
the appointment of Prof. w. S. Yeates as
chief, and Messrs. McCallie and King as
assistants.
Prof. Yeates is thoroughly competent
for the place he holds as chief of the sur
vey, and he has made, already, great
progress in the material development of
the state. In one instance alone, upon
his certificate as to deposits, he has
brought into the state a contract for
$4,000.
Under the present organization, 1t is
easily plain that we may expect most
favorable results for increasing the ma
terial wealth Of the state.
The administrative work during the
past year has been very heavy, requir-
ing large part of the time of the state
geologist. Considerable field work has
been done, resulting in the finishing of
the surveys of the marble and corundum
deposits of the state, and considerable
progress on the gold and phosphate de-
posits. Two months were devoted, in the
latter part of the winter, to a careful ex-
animation of the phosphate beds in the
southern part of the state. The survey
of the>gold deposits, which was begun late
last fall. was resumed the first of May.
The work in Hail. Union and Towns
counties has been completed, and work is
in progress in Rabun, White, Lumpkin
and Cherokee counties 1t is proposed to
issue the first bulletin on the gold depos-
its the latter part of next spring, which
will include the counties above named,
and probably one or two more Work
will be continued on this important sub
ject until all the gold deposits in the
state have been surveyed. The geologi-
cal survey is now well equipped with suit
able instruments and laboratory appara-
tus and is in position to do work which
will be of great value to the state. Your
attention is called to the monograph re-
port on the marbles of Georgia, just is
sued from the press, and to a similar re-
port on the corundum deposits of the
state. These reports have been prepared
after careful surveys, begun July, 1898,
by Assistant Biologists McCallie and
King. The state geologist is now complet-
ing arrangements by which the data on
the water powers in Georgia, collected
by Mr.. c. c. Anderson, during the ad-
ministration Of the survey by DR.. Spencer,
may be published as bulletin No. of the
series.
In connection with the work of the
United States department and by the
generous aid of DR.. Hays, the director
of the United States survey, we will
soon have ready for publication a bull
letin on the bauXite aluminium ore) of
this state The Importance of this bull
ietin will be seen when it is remembered
that Georgia is practically the only state
in the union which has this valuable ore
in large quantities. The recent introduce
ton of this very light and durable metal
on large scale, into the arts and manu-
features, and the cheapness with which
it can be produced from bauxite. makes
these deposits of great monetary value.
We are just beginning to enter upon
the possibilities of the investigation of
the material wealth of the state. We can
not well discontinue the survey until the
! entire work is complete. The appropria-
ton under which the department is now
! operating will expire during the next sum-
/ mer. I recommend an additional ap-
/ preparation for the prosecution Of the
! work TO the completion of the survey of
/ the state
/ EDUCATION.
The progress made in our system of
! common schools has been gratifying. Dur
/ ing my term Of Office the appropriations
/ for the education of the children of the
state have been largely increased. The
/ term of the schools has been extended
/ from three to five months, a system of
/ teachers Institutes for the better train
! ing of teachers, has been established.
/ and the general assembly has accepted
the buildings and made preparation for
| the beginning OF a normal school with far
| prospects of success.
| 1t has been with me a matter Of genuine
regret, however. that the normal school.
an institution so much needed for the
better education and training Of the chin
dren. has not been fully and literally en-.
I dowed and equipped, and that the insti-
J t1t{ope for higher adnraffoY, T-rg.--..-