Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-12-23
THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
OF AN ORCHARD
ELUcIDATED.
The SOIL and Cliinnte Well Adapted
to the Growth OF Fruits
and berries. Htl
Pubiishod Especially for the Benent
OF she Thrifty and Progressive
Sarnisrs of Tarrnnt County.


! ccSung VI or 81 and an agricultural
Journal win furnish this, a cheap out
III that may become the best invest
ment Of your life
] Kinds OF fruIt--It has been proven
beyond "a doubt that Tarrant county
IS tlte home of almost every variety OF
/ peach or plum Dewberries and black
be ries d. well here. are a sure crop and
bear heavily. requiring but littue care
\ or culture; few varieties of apples
/ grow and fruit and do well. II kept
| free from the borers, will live a long
time and give good return for their
care and culture.
Several varieties Of pears grow and
do we'll here and may be depended on
as certain crop. They are n great
luxury and should be largely panied
in every orchard.
Many varieties of grapes do we'll
nlso. bear almost every year, Yield
heartily. and sp endid quality Of fruit.
No family should be without few
vines, such as suits his locality and
soil. Selection OF varieties is of prime
| Importance, and the best nurseries to
buy from. also selection of site for an
orchard. An orchard or garden should
be located close by and convenient 10
the dwelling. and hence N should be
puilt with view to orchard and gar
den. rohards should have moderately
deep soil and clay sub-soil. Good or
ohards can be grown IN black or SANDY
soil, with preference to the latter, but
II the black soil be annually enld,hel
win straw or stable litter or GRIPS
grown ON them 10 be cut and plowed Ia
the soil win in a few years become
bright, loose and pliable, and hhls de
caying vegetable matter will be the
best possible Fertilizer.
DO not have as a gift trees grown
outside Of Texas. II you wiul1 sue
coed buy your tNess from the nursery
nearest you. and grow In slmi.al soil
and climate. The nurserymaa has
| spent many yeaIB testing the variety
doing best in his section, and can give
youvaluable add in s letting varieties
Suitable 10 your SURROUNDINGS. II he
sehe YOU trees he is interestedin their
giving entire satisfaction. hence he
Will be your best friend and adviser.
Trust him.
plantins--If possible your orchard
shonld be fenced ln, the ground deeply
trolocm and Theoretically pulverlged.
Trees should by all means be planted
In the nall, just 0s soon after the first
Killing frost AZ possible, the sooner
the better. This gives them time to
ecnd out their rootlets SO as to push a
,trong spring and summer growth.
They ahould be planted in so, sLres,
each kind being grouped tog ither, so as
10 help fertbhse one another. Many
trees arc deilcont In pollen and henre
poor bearers. The Wild Goose and
Mariana plums and Bartlett pears are
peculiarly 20. and accident or growth
ana SOL may thus affect any tree. and
hence It II Important to group thsm
II, squares as near as may pc. Cloee
painting Is best rich s-dl and hot
climate as thssha ding of the soil b
great protection against our enemies.
the drying winds and burning, sunshine
ruhards should be planted on the hlsh.
cat ground as they are thus FAR less
apt to be injured by spring frosts than
rhey would be II planted In the valleys.
Pears, grapes aud blackberv.Ies lHve
low places and rich. moist soil.
Peaches. apples and pears shonld b,
SCI out about is or 20 feet apart; plums
anu apricots IA or 10 feet; grapeg should
be In rows 10 feet apart; s fee. in ;ps
row, and trained up to posts or trslI.
ises; these should be c or s feet hlgh
ana Wen set into the ground So ,a ~,
to be blown down by the wini ~
Setting Out the Trees-When ,,,ur
trees arrive from the nursery. unI!g
them IN the shade, wet them thorftnh,
" ana Keep them covered with Wet
sacks, Tor the roots should not be a,
lowed to dry. with a sharp knit, chi
ths roots quite short, and 10 sound
htalthy wood slope the cuts on thS
under side so the rootlets NAV Stari
DOWNWARD; set the trees TO 10 mol 70
deep, iill the hole half fun OF soil n, 4
pour In n bucket Of water. th,n I'M n
with dry dirt. Put no ma iu.e nroi
the roofs Keep the tags on your trees
untii they are all SGT out, then n,l;s j
diagram OF your orchard ana prescrve
H. When the trees come into s-u.i,nn
you VIII know the names OF your va.
rietles ana whether you have received
the trees YOU paid for ana a!so be
able 10 buy again such trees as yor
IKE or fancy, II the trees are small
trim them TO a straight stem IS 10 y
inches high; II they are large tree,
leave or branches to become pcrina.
nent and cut these back 10 about three
buds each '''' "
Tn first two or three years Won,
orchard may be cultivated in almost
any crop, not coming closer TO the tree,
Tran or feet on either side. Keer
the tree rows clean as You would
corn row allow no cuckers TO sprInp
up from the roots or any buds to crow
on the bodies that you do not wish n
become permanent limbs. Grape vine,
need not be trellised the first year
only TO small stakes, about like no,
viness In the fall the vines shonIds ~
cut back TO two eyes. and only twr
nmns should grow the second yenrl
these should be allowed to grow nhou,
~ rect long and then pinched back
vines shoul1 be trimmed back every
fal. Fun directions may be found IN
any book on grape culture. After ths
third year no crops should be rrowr
IN an orchard except light crops sueh
as peas or shallow-rooted grasses ana
these should be moved down and Ill
lowed to rot on the land as a mnich
ana Tor manure. Any plowine IN IN
orchard should be as shallow as pnssi.
hle, as the roots OF the trees after four
years will cover the entire ground ma
the feeders come near the surface n
drink In the gases furnished by The al.
mospherc, and absorbed by sthe so,i
anu II the nbrous, feeding roots be On,
AZ any season OF the year by deem plovc'
ing the trees are cut on from their food
supply, are Impoverished ana starveS
Hence the poor fruit and early deco,
OF many old orchards.
Manures--However rich your Ia
may be, the roots In time exhaust ~.
sou within their reach and they nna,
ne fertlllxed every year. a neglect ~
ms VIII surely result IN the early a.,
cay OF the trees and poor, small frt,it
This may he done by broadcastinr ana
plowing IN any manure, or CROWN
and moving any crop. leaving 1t oS
the around to decay, and by heavy
spring mulching, plowins It under IN
PruninE--The ends OF any gros,ns
1 limbs may be cut back every year and