The Mankato free press. [volume] (Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minn.) 1879-1924, 1894-02-16

MI. Carlyle outlined Une1r meUnOQ OF
keeping dairy cattle. He described
stable which they had built for
their dairy COWS. 1t was an oblOng
building which had a basement in it.
The basement part was lined outside
with two thickneSses of board and
tar paper, and boards and taxpayer on
the inside. A passage for feeding
runs down the center. There are
stalls on both sides Of this and simply
made A passage is behind the COWS
through which sled may be drawn.
The COWS are not tied in the stalls.
there is not room for them to turn
around. A chain runs along the rear
part of the stall. 1t is about two feet
high. II the cow tries to lie down
too far back the chain catches her
and she steps for ward. No stanchions
are used. 1t was important to feed
COWS balan ced ration. He explained
what he ment by balanced ration.
He said that they fed about two
pounds ground oats, three pounds of
bran, and two pounds Of shorts. 1t was
fed upon cut fodder. He said good
clover hay might be fed with equal
parts of ground corn and bran. They
watered the COWS twice a day inside.
They do not let the cows outside only
an fine days. The cow determines
the quality of the milk, the food the
omount of it.
Mr.. Carlyle said to discover bad
flavor N the butter one must have
practice, and very soon any bad flavor
can quickly be discovered. Salt
should always be put where the COWS
can get at it.
sMilk should never be kept where
there are any doors. To show how
easily it will take an ndor, take sew
eral glasses of milk and place some
strong smelling substances beside
them, and In the morning they will
all smell and taste the same. Cows
need time to digest their food, and
two good feeds, is better than three
or four.
0 Mr.. sGregg said that once he
had sent butter to Chicago, and re-
ceived word that the butter was
smoky. Afterwards he found out
it was from having the milk near the
cook stove. He gave description of
his stable. He said he had abun-
dance of straw, and used it freely. He
took the manure out daily. The bro
ken straw went into the drop and alb
sOrbed the liquids, and fresh straw
was daily put under the cows.
MI. Somerville then spoke on apple
culture. He said that the severe cold
was one of the greatest difficulties in
growing apples in the state. The
Duchess is one or the most success
full growers. We should cultivate for
time and then mulch the trees. More
trees die annually for the want of
water, than from the cold. The
mulch will keep the moisture in the
ground, and will also prevent the
frost from going so deeply into the
ground as TO freeze the roots. To
prevent mice and rabbits from chew
ing the roots, put poison on some
pieces Of apple and place them around
the orchard, and when they eat them
they will die.
On Saturday the question of breed
ing was discussed throughout the
whole forenoon. The discussion was
opened by Theodore Louis. In breed
ing we should not lose sight of the
useful parts of the animal. Compe-
tion will of necessity cause US to give
more attention to breeding. He want
ed long sided animals. He condem-
ed immature breeding
Prof. Shaw showed the way in
which common stock should e I'M
proved for beef-making. He showed
how characteristics as to the form
were transmitted. The same was
true of quality. He showed how
ANIMALS could be made as good as
though purely bred for practical
uses in four or five generations.
Hon. q. t. Powell narrated the sue
cess that had been achieved by COM
munity IN the town of Boliua, New
York. They had all chosen certain
kind of breeding Some of the herds
in that community gave return of
more than 800 per cow per year. The
average cost of food was about $50 per
COW. He urged the farmers to breed
only from good carefully selected pure
bred sires.
Supt, Gregg outlined the points of
a good dairy sire. The essential
points are cat manned, or light in
the thigh, open in the twist, second
he should be deep in the flank, third
he should have steep pitch in the
chops, and third he should have an
underline with with loose and e ne
hair especially at the rear part, and
some development of milk well as in
the COW.
Prof. Shaw called the attention of |
the farmers and more especially of |
the young men present to the good |
work that was being done at the farm
school at ST. Anthony Park. More than |
200 students were in attendance the |
present winter including those who |
took special dairy course. He him
self had seen both sides Of the ques-
tion, and was therefore in position |
to Judge. He did not hesitate to say
that a young man could get more in.
formation at that school in three |
winters, than he could get in thirty |
wears OF farming without such aid. |
He said that those who wished to OBJ |
tain entrance next October should ap-
ply right away.
W. L. Carlyle conducted a public |
churning Saturday forenoon in the
court house where gOodlv number
of ladies and others specially interest |
ed in the making Of good butter were
assembled He said that to make |
good butter it was of the utmost i'm
portance to exercise cleanliness. and |
care in keeping the milk and cream at
all times where the air is pure The |