The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1894-08-30

for consideration. Tho Louisiana Sena.
tors and sugar: the Maryland aud
West ' irginia Senators and coal; tho
Alabama Senators aad iron ore; the
New Ycrx. New Jersey and Ohio oena-
tors and manufacturing interests gem
erally-wnile ON his solitary celestial
stood Senat r Hill of New York in an
attitude OF uncompromising hostility
to the income tax. Amid all these
breaker. the tariff bill plunged and
careened.
Mutual Concessions Made.
The counsels OF expediency pre-.
vailed. Mutu Il concession. were made
AID the bill, was sent back to the com.
mItee to be recast along lines which
would command the solid democratic
vot.. Tue income tax was to to re-
tanned in loss b ectiOnabo form, the
opponents OF radical reductions were to
b, placated b. satisfactory duties'on
articles in the production or manu-. &C.
ture OF which their States wero init.
mate v concerned. Remaining for an.
other month In the crucitle OF recon.
struction the bill was finally reported
on the 10Th of March from the COM
mittee to the Senate. 1t was no longer
the Wilson bill The principle Of free
raw mate rial had been In large degree
9 minated. Coal and iron ore were
made dut;able at The rate Of forty
cents y son: tax Of cent u pound was
laid upon raw sugars, with an inciden-
tai protection Of an additional one
fourth of q cent q FOUND on the letinod
aaticle the rates in the metal. z lass,
earthenware, wCOlen. cotton, and agri-
cultural schedules had been increased.
and the duty on collars and cuffs had
been raised very nearly to the Mckin-
lev rate in order to make certain the
vote of Senate. Mu ply, u resident Of
Troy. n. ". where the manufa ,ture OF
the . article afford u livelihood for
thousands of people. Salt lumber and
wool still remain on the free list.
The general debate be gan April ,
| and closed April = after which the
bill wa, considered by paragr phs until
July 3, when the final vote was taken.
During these thrco months the battle
waged with more or less vigor As a
season of oratory it has alre Ady pas ed
from the public mind. halt a dozen
| speeches, including the opening argu-
! ments Of Senator Voorhees, and Allison
for their respective sides, and the I'D.
! dresses Of Senators Hill and Smith
against tho income tax. will perhaps
DO Recall ed as rising above the dead
| level of the commonplace. The Re-
| publicans con,ented themselves largely
with guerrilla warfare, their forces
being in charge of Senator Aldrich VI
Rhode Island. On the eve of the an
niversary of national indie cendence
and after five months consideration
and debate, in the Senate, the bill was
| h ~ IN In.
come tax had previously been II cOrpo-
rated by an Overwhelming majority.
The votes in favor Of the bill were cast
by thirty-seven Democrats and two
fopuli>ts, Kyle and Allen; the mega
tives were thirty-one Republicans, two
Populists-Pe. .er and Stewart and
one EemOcrat-Mr. Hill.
| The bill went to conference, and q
+, deadlock Immediately occurred. In
der the conditions which had resulted
in the passage of the measure through
the senate, the conferrees OF the lat
ter body were hanpered and re-
straint d. The House cOnferrees. on
tho other hand, commended for their
original propositions. Two weeks wore
occupied in q vain endeavOr to agree.
Sugar, Goa, iron orc AM the WOODEN
and cotton schedules we're the main
was reported. In the House. Mr.. Will
son, whose appearance with his neu-
ralgia-stricken head wrapped in hand
kerchief. excited sympathy. delivered
an address coun,eling the Hou Q t.
further resistance
Mr.. Wilson, in concluding his speech,
produced q letter from President
Cleveland in which the Senate
bill was denounced as = treacherous de-
parture from Democratic principles; in
which Senators were accused of party
perfidy and dishonor. in which the free
importation of coal and iron ore was
contended for Is tho redemption Of q
party pledge and q duty on sugar id.
vocated. When this letter was read to
an a,tonished House it seemed as II
combined against fated bill The Of.
feet of tho Presidents open declaration
of war upon the Senate was immediate.
The Democrats of the House arrayed
themselves under its banner on the
side of the President and against the
Senate. The crisis became more acute
In this iuncture Mr.. German of Mary
land stepped into the arena and deliv
cred one of the most remarkable
speeches ever heard in the Senate o.
the United States.
Biil IL Accepted.
The deadlock continued. The Presi
dent cont ending thr Jugh Mr.. Wilson fol
vindica:ion and the Senate stubbornly
insistent were the millstones between
which tariff reform seemed destined
to be crushed. Propositions were made
and rejected, tentative agreements were
, reached only to be repudiated. The
tension grew daily more unbearable
Bitterness of fe ling between the con
ferrees led to more than one open rup
ture. In the House the impotence o
the Democrats who were willing to &C
,, cept the Senate bill led to . caucus
! which accomplished nothing beyond
further respite for the administration
Defeat for the latter, however. was a
! hand, for Monday. Aug. IL. the House
after q preliminary caucus. with nj
other alternative e, ended the strugg I
by receiving the bill from the hands o
, Mr.. Wilson and accepting the Senat,
, bill in its entirety.