Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1894-09-05
FOR THE FARMER.
Valuable Hints Taken From Our
Agricultural Exchanges.
SOMETHING FOR ALL RURALlSTS
Interesting Topics for the Agriculturist,
HoptIculturist and General
Farmer.
Concerning Peach Fellows.

concerning
A disease5peculiar to peaches and
their allied fruits, such as apricots, al
monds and nectarines is what is known
as peach yellows. The disease has be-
come somewhat widely distributed i'll
the eastern part of the United States,
and those who have given the matter
attention claim that the extent OF in
fected territory is annually increasing.
This territory at present includes a
large portion of the New England and
Middle States, extending as far south
as Virginia and Kentucky, and west to
the southern part of Illinois. A consid-
cradle strip along each side OF the Ohio
is affected as well as the northern por-
tions of Ohio and Indiana and a good
share of the southern half OF Michigan.
The yellows appear to be more preva-
lent in some parts of the area described
than in others, the localities in which
peach growing is most extensively car
ried on seeming to be most severely
effected. Generally it requires but ten
or fifteen years for the destruction OF
orchards after the disease has once be-
come fully established. In number
of localities the first cases have appeared
in young orchards obtained from infect
ed districts, and it is believed that the
disease is always introduced i'll this
way.
The disease may usually be known
by the appearance of prematurely ripe,
red-spotted fruit or premature unfold
ing of the leaf buds into slender, pale
shoots OR perhaps into branched, broom
like growths. The red spots occur i'll
the flesh as we'll as on the skin, causing
the fruit to appear more highly colored
than is natural The taste is affected,
becoming insipid and often bitter. If
this kind of fruit is found only upon
certain limbs s.or is restricted to single
twigs, the disease is in its earliest
stages. The following year other limbs
will be affected and finally the entire
tree. By this time the limbs first at
tackled will show additional symptoms.
The winter buds will develop out of
their proper season. They may push
out only few days in advance of their
proper time in the spring, or they may
begin to grow in early summer. soon
after they are formed. This symptom
is the most common, and is especially
noticeable i'll autumn, after the normal
foliage has disappeared. Frequently
feeble shoots also appear on the trunk
and main limbs. These spring from
old resting beds buried deep in the bark
and wood which remain dormant i'll
healthy trees The disease progresses
slowly and after the second year there
comes gradual stunning of the tree
and following or reddening of the foil
age. The original symptoms also con-
tinue and the tree finally dies at the
end of from three to five years.
The fact that the disease may remain
dormant for some time in buds cut
from affected trees and afterward APP
pear in the trees grown from such buds
has been repeatedly established by ex-
pertinent. Consequently, when the dis
ease appears in young trees in region
previously free from peach yellows, it
is fair to assume that it existed i'll the
nursery. Just how long it will remain
in nursery trees without showing symp-
toms is unknown.
1t is also easily transmitted to healthy
stocks, and can be made to entirely de-
stroy healthy tree by the insertion of
diseased bud So far as known, how
ever, this way of transmitting the dis
ease is only effective when there is
union of tissues, mere contact not being
sufficient. That the disease is transmit
ted in other ways seems reasonably GER
tain. Some attribute it to diseased
pollen, while others think its rapid
spread is brought about by the pruning
knife. The most careful observation
fails to show that either theory is cor
rect.
So far, all reported remedies which
have undergone investigation have been
found without merit. Measures to
prevent the introduction and spread of
the disease are alone of value. About
the only thing that can be done is to
cut down and burn all affected trees as
soon as any of the symptoms make their
appearance. In some localities this
plan has been pursued for number of
years, and while it has not resulted in
the complete determination of affected
trees, great many orchards have been
saved
Poultry Among Fruit.
While poultry raising and gardening