The record-union., 1894-09-24
SHIPMENTS OF FRUIT.
Temperatures Injurious to Perishable
Ereipht.


An instructive circular has been sent
out from the Weather Bureau in WASH
lngtCn regarding the temperatures iniu-
rlous to perlShabIe treight-frults, Vege-
tables and other food products. The in
formation has been obtained from ship
pers throughout the country.
In transporting perishable articles in
jury can occur from long exposure TO a
temperature but little below 80 or from a
shorter exposure TO great cold, SO that
the duration, as well as the intensity of
the cold, must be considered.
Fruit should not be subjected to tenn
! perature lower than 350 or higher than
CO.,
In ordinary freight cars perishable
fruit can be shipped with safety with the
outside temperature at 20 and in refrlg-
orator cars at l00.
Ii perIshable goods are put in box car
upon cold day, and they have radiated
considerable heat before being shipped,
they viii not be able to withstand as low
temperature, and here is where the diff
ference as to the degrees of temperature
mainly applies.
Fruit wrapped in heavp brown paper
will stand l50 more cold than if not
wrapped.
In what are known as refrigerator cars
perlshabIe goods may be safely shipped
with temperature outside of from zero
W Az SOAONs bL0 1ISl D6lQO n6al6u.
ana when arriving at the end OF the Jour-
ney the goods being taken Immediately
into warm place without being carted
any great distance.
The better class of refrigerator cars,
such as used by the California Fruit Com
pany, Will carry all perishable goods
safely through temperatures as low as 2Oo
below zero, provided they are not SUBJ
Jected TO such temperatures longer than
three or 1our days at a time, while with
the ordinary refrigerator cars temperat-
ures OF zero are considered dangerous, es-
peclaliy II the goods they contain be of
the most perishable kind.
Eastern grapes bear low temperatures
better than California or Malaga
While temperature as low as freezing
| 1927 Will not lnjure potatoes for eating
purposes, yet they will fail to sprout in
| the spring.
Roses and cut flowers will not be in
Jured unless the temperature falls to 81.
Roses need as low a temperature as pos-
sible without freezing, because they are
| shipped as buds and would develop if the
| temperature were high.
Refrigerator cars are the most desirable
for shipping, as the difference in temper
ture within such cars and the outside nj r
amounts to from 15o to 300, the sides
| being titled IN with sawdust and the cars
/ provided with heating apparatus. which
p0AiIAtS VI ShipiHeHIS Deln8 made in
them, however cold the weather might be
For ordinary winter weather. the tenn
perature ranging from 100 to 30o above
zero, refrigerator cars may be used for
shipment to any distance without being
heated.
Freight from the Pacific Coast to the
| Mississippi Valley, or even to the Allan
| tic Coast, has to pass through almost
every variety of climate at any time of
the year. 1t is therefore obvious, that at
one time the temperature inside of the
car is materially above the outside tenn
perature, while perhaps few hourslater.
it is below.
1he difference between the air temper
AZURE and that of the inside of an ordi-
nary car depends upon what the car is
ioaded with; il apples the difference will
pc pc rom lo0 to l2', if potatoes from 150 to
IS, warmer than when unloaded.