The Press., 1894-07-19
ON REFRIGERATION.
WHY IT IS NECESSARY AND THE
 VALUE IT POS3Ecs.3S.

Vaccination Increasing.
 M. Schrevens of Tournay, in recent report to the Academic de Medicine de Belgique, insists on the government malz- ing up it's mind to bring before the legis- lature a law on obligatory vaccination. He shows that i'll spite of the creation by the state of an institute of vaccination the death rate of smallpox, after having decreased for a certain time, rose again in 1899 through carelessness and imrru- dence. Children not vaccinated contin- ued to be received in the schools, he says; the rag trade is not watched in any way; the isolation of contagious diseases in the hospitals is not enforced; while work men, boatmen, travelling showmen and country letter carriers scatter the germs of the disease right and left after being ill by yesuming their occupations prema- turely.
 It is in vain, adds M. Schrevens, that the Belgium government founds it's hopes on the regulations which the pro- vincial councils are elaborating concern ing the general organization of vaccina- tion. The law is the only radical and cer- tain measure in such questions.
 have taken good deal of trouble to defend the idea advanced by this writer, and in a paper addressed to the Academic de Medicine de Paris I showed that a law making vaccination obligatory is impatiently awaited in France also, and would have very direct relation to the national defense.
 Wb;la iS +o ho bopo5 fbot oooo of another war we should not again see, as in 1870, 25, ,000 of our own people succumb b to smallpox, as against 800 on the German side, still there is in the scheme for mobilization an important category of soldiers placed in the auxiliary services who, having never served before, may not have been vaccinated, and run in this way the risk of becoming a danger of contagion.
 The more one thinks on this question the less comprehensible becomes the hes itancy shown to give the strength of a law to an obligation demanded by public opinion. 1 known quite we'll that there are more or less earnest adversaries of vaccination, and that various antivacci- nation leagues serve as a rallying point to those who loudly claim the title of de- lenders of our liberties. But liberty is a term that must always be taken in rel ative manner, and the liberty to do one thing implies that something else is for bidden and imposes on society the duty of preventing one of it's members from becoming danger to the rest. What ever may be said or done, it is inadmis- ,s1 1>1 c1oN 4lo e. dom to damage neighbor.
 The efficacy of vaccination can no longer be doubted. It's value has been tested and consecrated by time and ex- perience, and it should be known every where that it is by inoculating vaccina that we protect ourselves from smallpox and are rendered refractory to it's action. I am quite aware that the following objection is often made, and that it is said that it is not true that vaccination prevents smallpox, and that cases are cited in which person properly vacci- mated has taken smallpox. In spite of this maintain my affirmation and shall explain clearly, 1 hope, how vaccinated person may take smallpox and even how smallpox and vaccina can be seen going through their evolution together on the same person.
 Take child who has never been vac cinated and inoculate him in six places three on each arm. These will be fol lowed by the appearance of six fine pus- jules, and it is quite possible that if a seventh and eighth inoculation had been made they would have been followed by seventh or eighth pustule.
 What does this prove? That satura- tion has possibly not been reached and that certain amount of receptivity to the virus still remains. The immunity may be complete, but it may also be only partial. If man vaccinated six, seven, eight or ten years ago be inoculated with the same vaccine matter used for the child and with the same care in six places, instead of six pustules, as in the former case, only one, two or three may form. Saturation is manifest in this in- stance, and his immunity is complete. With another patient revaccinated suc- cessfully three months, six months or a year ago, and with whom the number of pustules was less than the number of in- | oculations made, however much care I may take in inoculating him again, I shall fail altogether. In this case satu- ration is complete and immunity against smallpox absolute.
 Observation has proved the legitimacy of the comparison between the virus of vaccina and the virus of smallpox, which, acting as two reagents of the same fam ily, may replace or complete each other. If represent by 10 the maximum re- captive power of a person for smallpox, am able by inoculating vaccina to com pletely annihilate it's power by conferring an immunity of 10, or can do so 'incom- pletely by an humanity of nine, eight, seven, etc., by making an insufficient number of inoculations.
 | It is easy to understand that recep- tive power of 10 defended by an immuni- | ty of seven, for instance, leaves recep- tive power of three for smallpox. This Is how smallpox may break out on vac- | cinated person, and this is also why small pox and vaccina may go through their evolution together, but in such cases the smallpox will be always light and mild.
 The question of quantity must there fore be taken into account in conferring immunity against smallpox, especially as this immESlity lessens with time in reg ularly progressive manner.
 The conclusion is that vaccina is the preservative against smallpox, but since the immunity conferred may only be partial and decrease with time it is we'll to be revaccinated periodically every six or eight years, and again, as matter of precaution, whenever there is an out break of snlallpox.-ParisH Herald. Hard to Please.
 Landlady-This is very bright, pleasant room. and