The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1894-04-30

mustered under the Union banners ON sew
ernl of the great battlehclds Of 1923 New
York mustered and put into the field nearly
45O, goo: PENNSYLVANIA, 33S 600; Ohio, $4,000;
Illinois, 25g, 900; Indiana, 10000; Massachu-
sets, 10000 These magnificent armies
for whether the men stood in the ranks at
the front with muskets in their hands or
were peacefully occupied at home they rep
resented the war strength of their common
weaths--were each under the control and
direction Of single head, the governor OF
the state which raised and equipped them.
Suppose one of the four with the big quotas
had risen in opposition to the government
What IL Pennsylvania had posted her bat
talions on her northern border and said to
New York and New England, mo thor
oughfare for troops marching to make war
upon the southY" Not only 33S, 600 soldiers,
but about double that number, counting
every military man in the state, might have
backed up the threat
Suppose New York had taken n stand of
that kind and cut off New England II
either Indiana, with its 100000, or Ohio,
with over 100000, had joined hands with
Kentucky what n stumbling block would
thus have been cast in the way of n united
north, and if the three greatest of the sol
dier producing states-New York, Penn
sylvania and Ohio-with their million actu-
ally put under arms and million more in
reserve, had declared for peace the north
couldn't have made war at all. Yes, these
great states were each nations in them
selves, had armies of their own and could
have made n respectable showing as things
were in waging Independent war. They
need not have winged war at all openly to
/ have changed the whole aspect of the
Union struggle.
The governors who rallied and marshaled
their people on the side of the old flag were
heroes in their spheres as truly rs were the
war president and the field commanders in
theirs. Each was commander in chief of the
state militia There were factious and con
esrvative elements to subdue or convert, leg
islatures to inspire and an undercurrent OF
persistent anti-war feeling to neutralize
When the crisis came on the 10Th of April
all hearts stood still until the states hat
spoken, and for the time the several gov
errors We're masters of the situation. TIT
technical legality of the president $ call wa!
questioned but no matter about technical
tiles if the governors chose to recognize thu
call.
The first troops to reach Washington
were the Pennsylvania and Massachusetts
men, dispatched without n moments use
]
John A. Andrew and Andrew G. Curtin
In these two executives the extremes o
Union sentiment were represented. An
drew was radical, Curtin IA conservative
Andrews soldiers travelled farthest, wer,
the best equipped and spilled their BLOOD
first Curtin's men were nearest the seen,
of danger and reached there a day aheat
of the Massachusetts boys, but they hat
been snatched up on the spur of the mo
ment and hurried Off without arms o
equipments, anyway and anyhow, SO tina
they got there to show the good will of tn,
Pennsylvanians and their governor. An
drew had been at work for months. Tn,
day after he took the gubernatorial chair
Jan. 5, 1861, he sent out secret message
to the ighboring governors stating tina
he believed from advices from Washington
that the national capital was in danger ant
that he would put the state militia OH
war footing. He advised the Others to de
the same. When the presidents call wa
issued, he had five regiments, one battalion
and one battery ready to march.
For four years Andrew was a leade
among northern governors in rallying sup
porters TO the Union cause He wrote TIN
address issued by the governors to the PEG
pie during the dark days of 1862. Yet hi
vehement Unionism and the passions of tn
hour did not blind him to the claims .
Justice He advocated emancipation n
sound policy, but he opposed arbitrary al
rests for political opinions rs an uncalle'
for tyranny. Curtin, who was later to vi
with Andrew in warike zeal and activity
was wholly unprepared for war when
came He labored until the last to pre-
serve tranquility. When that proved hope
J less, he bent every energy TO the prosecd