Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-11-10
nln,. on rlnn,lrr orchnra..

Trees are oftener set too close to-
gether than too fur apart Hpys ffnt'
Baiiy. IN New York sun, In tact, tho
latter ERROR scarcely oNista, Trees
are wide feeders. and the best results
are obtained when each tree Htande
far enough from It's nclghhors TO ni-
low II 10 possess an Individuality all
It's own An additional reason Tor
sparse planting haa lately become I'M
portaut-the necessity Of spraying
for insects and fungus pests--and
for this reason, rs wen Na to allow OF
better cultivation, the outside rows
should not be set close to fences, The
distance ct which trcca muy be set
depends much upon the system OF
pruning. II heading-iu IS followed
vigorously and aysicmaucally, trees
may be set third nearer than u
allowed to take their natural form.
Heading-ln should always be prnc'
tlced with dwarf pears. ana many
OF our best growers pursue u with
peaches, pluinB, and ounces. For nS-
self / have always advised thin
planting as the safcr rule for the ma
iority of cases, The following table
may be supposed TO represent the out
side average limit for the planting Of
orchards, whom the trees are allowed
to take their natural form,
Apples, 40 feet each way; pears,
standerd, 90 to % feet; pears, dwarf,
y feet to 1 rod; ounces, 1 rod, peuch-
as, 20 feet. plums, 20 feet; uprlcotH, 20
feet; grapes, GNS to SNl0. currants'
4S6 TO GNS; blacl,berrica, 4X7 to GNe,
raspberrieH. 3NG to 6NS,
These are sufe distances. In certain
cases, however, whore the SOL ~
strong and the grower makes thorough
work Of culuypting, pruning, ana FER
tlliging, these distnucos can he re-
duced somewhat with profit. except
a.f. va. sHnua
will also apply to the common qucs-
ton whether II u good policy to plant
short lived trees. "a peaches. between
apples aud pears, IL nh depends upon
the man. In general, | should dis
courage It; but ir the orchardist gives
the very best attention 10 fertllizing
and cultlvating, plantations can be
mixed with good results.
Pillow the land and ne II well. As
all orchards should be put into Guilt
waited crops for the first two years, ut
least, II Will generally be found ad-
ylsablc 10 pillow the entire area before
/ the orchard ~ set. rnther than 10
blow strips where the trees nrc 10 10
for the land can then be shaped het-
ter with reference 10 surface drainage
and general convenience. Tho trceH
should Ne set neither In dead burrows
nor on back burrows. Lowell culture
should generally be adopted from the
start unless II lA necessary to dis
place surface water ana IN that case
il may be questioned " the land IL ut
for an orchard In all ordinary soils,
holes must be dug by hand for the
tree fruits. Flowing out deep burrows
IN the line of the rows may lessen the
digging and aid IN getting the trees
In line. The hole should be dug broad
and ample, and the harder the soil the
larger ought the hole to be, for IN that
case the loose dirt which "a flllod In
must give the tree lts start. IN loose
and deep soils, the hole need be no
larger than the spread Of the roots.
Chop up the soil IN the bottom Of the
hole, or throw In a few shOvelfuls OF
loose surface earth The tree should
be set an inch or two deeper than II
stood IN the nursery. FOR the loose
earth will settle ana wash away IN
the course OF the season. even n II IA
well packed when the tree is set.
Dwarf pears should be set from three
10 six inches below the bud. The
roots are trimmed. as n explained
further on. Every care must be ex-
ercised 10 get the soil thoroughly
firmed In about the rootR--whlch are
stralghtcned ont IN approximately
their natural positlon-nnd especially
under the crown or fork Of the roots.
IN order that no air spaces may be
left to dry out. This dirt can be best