Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1894-08-10
THE CHINESE AT HOME
MANY OF THEIR CUSTOMS ARE THE
REVERSE OF OURS.

How They Compare with the Japanese.
What Constitutes an Education-No he
reditary Aristocracy In China-Tho Pso-
pie Vary In Different Sections.
The samples we get of China in our
country give us very inadequate ideas
of the people. We have here to contem
plato civilization entirely unlike our
own, but in itself much more complete
tnan ours. In the presence Of the Chi
ncse, all Europeans and Americans are
parvenus. These people burned coal
before the Christian era. They invent
ed printing 1000 years before Guten-
berg and Faust flourished, and they
knew the use of sunpowder when our
forefathers were using bows and ar
rows. In most things which appear on
the surface they are our anti podes.
They mount horse from the right side
instead of che left, read from left to
right, say west south instead of south
west, their mariners needle points TO
the south, the men wear petticoats and
the women trousers, they shave the
fronts OF their heads and not their faces,
shake their own hands instead Of each
others as a greeting, write their family
names first and their given names aft
erward have their marginal notes at
| the top of their books, place distin-
! guished guest on the left and are care
full not to uncover in his presence, wear
white for mourning, the men sew and
the women work in the fields, and so on
to the end Of the chapter.
We shall find in China the origin Of
much that we have seen in Japan. The
position of woman in the family and So
ciety is about the same, except that the
japanese women do not cramp their
feet, and therefore can go about more
freely. The domestic architecture Is
similar, so far as external construction
goes, but the Chinese houses have no
mats, and the people do not squat on
the floor Both wear loose, flowing
robes, which the Chinese button, but
the japanese do not. In the conversa-
ton of the people the Chinese indulge
in honorifics as much as the Japanese
1t is the correct thing to ask your friend
to condescend to come from his elegant
house to your miserable hovel, or to al
low his distinguished cup Of tea to de-
scend to your unworthy self. The Chi
nese classics are also the classics in ia
pan, and the Chinese ideagraphs are
used by japanese writers. Education
is mainly etiquette. The Chinese have
5000 rules of behavior, which the edu-
Gated man must know. If a man have
bad manners, they say he is not edu-
Gated.
The Chinese sages, like Confucius,
Mencius and others whose works are
classics, enunciated a high grade Of
ethics. Confucius stated the golden
rule, though negatively, thus: If there
is anything | do not want done to me, ]
will not do it unto another. His eth.
ical teachings take rank with those OF
the Greek and Roman uoTa!ists AM
the Hebrew prophets. but arc without
reference to a Supreme Being who ic
quires us to keep his commandments
The family customs are similar T. a..
japanese. Society is patriaichal. TIL
family, not the individual Is cun-id
cred. Marriages are arranged as ii J3
pan to perpetuate the family. and 50 h.
tweens are employed To settle the terms
There is only one wife, but concutincs
are taken into the house at Will. Tho
wife finds life burdensone when she l.
the servant Of the household, especially
of her father in law aud mothcrin-law
but when she becomes mothCr-in-laW
she gets her own innings and makes II
warm for hel daughterin-la
The Chinese have as many genuflex-
ions as the japanese and numerous
grades of obcisances to be employed ac-
cording TO circumstances. Three prostra-
tions, each with three knockings of tho
head against the floor, are supposed TO be
about the extreme exhibition of respect.
The people vary good deal in the diff
ferent sections. The south Of China Is
mountainous, and the people there are
smaller. more volatile and brighter
than in the north, where the crowded
dwellers on the plains and paddy fields
! are heavier, less eXcitable, not SO quick
to see or act There is no hereditary
aristocracy in China. All the people
are bound to obey the will Of the en-
peror and have no rights he IS bound
TO respect. There is no caste, as in India.
The people are classified as natives and
aliens, the latter being subdued peo-
pie in the Provinces; conquerors aid
conquered, with special reference to
the prohibition of marriages between
the Mantchoo and Chinese, and freemen
and slaves There are no laws against
slavery. Every native is allowed to
purchase slaves and retain their chill
dren in servitude, but the number OF
slaves is small, and their condition is
comparatively easy. Probably there are
10 better hammered people in the world
than the educated Chinese. They are
also very competent business men, and
as such enjoy an excellent reputation
Cor Boston Herald.