The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1894-12-09

of the best land in the Territory. The
total trust funds now held for the hVe
tribes by the United States amounts 10
Sss4I52. The annual interest PAD Is
$ii3,2l9. OF this, the Chgrokees get w.
so yearly and the Greeks sl0ON9. Inc
interst Is paid semi-annually TO the treas
urer of each nation. Together wlth iee S
obtained from whites for licenses ana
permits 10 do business in the domain, II
pays the running expenses OF the trlnes,
including the support OF Schools SO thal
the Indians are not taxed.
Under the conditions described IL IS not
surprising that every man In the lerrl-
tory should go armed. Crimes OF violence
are of constant occurrence, ana Il Is Gus
tomary for the delinquent 10 resiSt dlleS
by the use Of his revolver. heh "A
deputy marshal attempts to take ANYBODY
into custody he makes sure 10 get the
drop first. Hold g his pisol In one nand'
he presents the dFrant win the olher'
The trouble which arose last year over
an election in the Choctaw nation IS
sufficiently fresh I'm the public recollec-
ton. 1t eliminated IN a pitched b2 'e
between two political factions, ana -
erai troops had TO be summoned to the
scene to restore order.
LIQUOR AND CRIME.
II is reckoned that one-half OF the
crimes within the domain Of the hve
tribes are caused by liquor. The manu-
facture or sale OF intoXcants IS rlgldly
rnrbfdden bv the United States Govern
ordinary product Of distillation, called
white mule" are smugsied INTO the Ter
ritory. 1t Is a vtllainOus nioohshlhe
whisky, made in the Ozark Mountains oil
Arkansas. The men who do the SNUG
Cling are desperate characters ana Dat
lies between them and the deputy mar
snals are frequent. IN past years IN
dams have been frequently condemned
to death in their own courts Ior mG i,.i',.,
I'm such cases thirty days We're always
given TO the sentenced criminal 10 go
home and arrange his affairs. tie went
without guard or control, settled up an
his earthly matters, Ddde ms IrlcnuS anu
FAMILY goodbye, returned at the Tune app
polntel, and was promptly shpt. Not
one OF the many thus permitted to go
home after conviction has tailed 10 appear
for execution. 80, -
not been accomplished without vast eX-
peuditure OF money by White people me
interest already pad TO them on trust
funds has amountci To a., pO'yg'' H'cch
Of their progress has been due 10 the ne
gTOes among them Most VI the negroes
or their parents were slaves AT one tfne,
and they now constitute the importing
class. II is always diiiicuit TO induce an
Indian &c 10 any work. The negro ele-
mont controls the Creek T5tion. In the
ChoCtaw nation. on the other hand, for an
Indian 10 marry negro ~ Punlshable
with death In 1860 the tribes had i,$59
slaves. The Indians are largely half
bloods or quarter-bloOds, and resemble
whites more than Indians, In the In
dian Territory one constantly hears from
travellers the remark: Why where are
the lndiarsy'
PLENTY or SUPPLIES.
From payments by the United states
Governmt mt and other resources, the tive
tribes have a ldrge surplus annually.
They haze great herds OF cattle, horses
and sheep. Their methods OF utins
nelds are primitive. They live like the
average wnIte people or Arkansas ana
have the same agricultural inn. CmenIs.
Nearly al OF them are Christians, though
some are Pagans. Dances are celc.
brated and medlclne-meE have con
siderable practice. They have no writ
ten history. and most OF them use the
Indian language. Poor roads make 1t
difficult 10 get crops to market, so cat
tie raising Is more popular industry
than farming.
Ninety per ccnt. OF the people practice
the white mans ways OF living. .Aey
manufacture wool blankets and sha~ls
willow baskets and maple sugar. Al
Naggnner, In the Creek nation, latgt
qu:uititlc OF gun STOCKS are mAue ior
the use OF European armies. There are
plenty OF newspapers and postoiilces. Inc
CherokeeS have one newspaper, the
Chickasaws seven, the Choctaws three
the Creeks four and the Seminoles none.
The schools gre n num anS,I:b d" ''H'o'
From 1903 to 1924 there was incesSant
warfare between indians and whites IN
the Southern Atlantic and Gulf States
The problem was solved finally by NOV
ing the fye tribes 10 the indian Terrific
nv where lands were given TO them In
exchange for those originally belonging to
them. Large sums were paid, TN add
ZION by the United States Government.
and i'm this way the trust funds already
sDoken OF were established. In climate
and resources the domain which they
now occupy Is one Of the most favored
Dortions OF this country. strip OF
oak forest. thirty miles IN width, with
magnificent groves OF enormous trees,
runs through IL. The land If rich and
we'll watered, with no extremitieS OF heat
or cold.
HISTORY OF THE CHEBoKEEs.
The Cherokees originally inhabited the
region along the Atlantic coast from
Virginia 10 FLORIDA. They claimed do
minion over the territory westward 10
the Mississippi river. Owing TO their war
like raids pioneer life In that country
encroachments OF the whites and gradual
withdrawal before them are part OF the
history OF the United States. No force
was too strong for them To attack ana
no distance too great TO travel for bat
lie. They were noted for keeping faitn
when once their word wac given and
were famous FOR their hospitality.
The Seminole war In Florida was caus-
cd by the refusal of the Seminoles 70
aba ndon their homes and TO move 10 the
lands west OF the Mississippi when were
allotted 10 them by the Government. 10
subdue this tribe. which had not more
than 600 warriors. required an army OF
Al 90 white solas--- under Aneh generals