The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1894-03-26
ORIGIN OF ANARCHIsM.
PrOudhOn, Who First Used the Word,
Was True Idealist.
Literary Digest.


DR.. Karl Jeutsch. in Schorer's Familien-
blatt, Berlin seeking for the origin OF an
archism, goes back 10 medieval history,
to the many endeavors of the poor to throw
off the yoke of the wealthy, to the social
revolutions of early times, and while he
does not find the word anarchism, he con-
exist. He refers especially to the German
war or the peasants as a notable instance
LEGGED classes; and upon the failure of this
war he bases the rise of absolute monarchy
In Europe, which, he says, with it's bu-
reaucracy and standing armies made all
attempts at a popular rising impossible for
nearly three hundred years: then the French
revolution shook this absolutism to it's very
foundations. Looked upon from this point
OF view, he continues, anarchism is moth
ing but the desire for freedom which vents
man socialism
But the struggle Of the poor against the
rich is often accompanied by the resistance
OF the individual against the community.
Men IN whom this individualism is very
strongly developed are repulsed by both
trade-unionism and socialism, for both sys-
TENS impose more or less irKsome restraint.
The man who first used the word anarch-
ism for the system was one OF the noblest
in common with rascals of the Ravachol
fraternity. His name was Peter Joseph
Proudhon. With Karl Marx, he based his
plans for reform on the supposition that
the laborer is robbed by the capitalist
Marx investigated production, and found
fault with the arrangements of modern in
dustries. while Proudhon laid the fault at
the door of the trade. In his work. 'Ou
est-ce la propriete, he points out that no
one will OF his own free will give more than
he receives in return. The workman, how
ever, gives to the employer more than he
receives In wages, forced to do so by our
social and political systems. Therefore, the
present exchange between the worker and
the capitalist is neither free just, and
theft. ~
Two Germans, the merchant Hess, and
the teacher Grun, further developed the
ideas of
invention seemed to them to insure the pos
sibility that a time would come when the
children could playfully produce everything
We need.
The reaction which followed the revoIu-
tionary movement during the forties sup
| pressed anarchy for a decade. In the six
Bankunin organized international anarch-
| ism as opposed TO the German social-de-
mocracy organized by Ferdinand Lassalle.
Bakunin condemns the state in every form
as destroyer of personal liberty. His idea,
calls anarchy, not wild war of every one
against every one else, but perfect liberty
with perfect order, every one being useful
| to the rest of mankind by doing that which
pleaseS himself.
Bakunins pupil, Sergei Netschajew, went
Iqrther and began our present anarchism.
| He intended to revolutionize all the Rus
sian peasantry; he called the robbers TO his
aid and declared robbery zone of the MOST
| honorable modes of life among the Russian
people" He busted himself less with dreams
| OF the Utopia Of the Anarchists than with
the destruction of our present social sys-
| tenn He is the originator of the prop
uganda OF action" and recommends vio-
| lence not only for the removal of obnox-
ious persons, but also Ito show the people
| what power we possess" Dssenters from
| the Socialists adopted these views, and in
ternational anarchism came into being. Its
| first organization was the Federation Flu
raSsienne at Geneva, which was composed
| of Spaniards, Belgians and French The
| German Anarchists acknowledged John
Most as their head. He edited the Fret
heit at Berlin. but was sentenced to state
prison because he asked the people of all
| countries to follow the example of the Rus
sian Anarchists in numbering Car Alexan-
der.
In Germany the Socialists have expelled
| from their ranks all who sympathize with
| anarchiSm.