New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-12-17

eervcs rs n taiIrace The wheelpit was ready iS'
summer and during the last four moh'"s Wv
turbines and penstocks have been put IN p''o''
EVERYTHING is in readiness. therefore icr 'he o'o
ing task OF installing the machinery mere uesV'".'
Most dyramos are driven by HORIZONTAL snS'"
r.oso AZ Niagara have vertical shafts. reachihs
down to the water wheels. lSo feet peio". H''v ,,
each wheel weighs about TWO ''ohs' an" Wv 49,,
(which is as big as an ocean s'e"'''"'P >, -,
coyo,tv-dve tons vet the water is TO De ih'ouu'o'
g., ,o, wav as TO carry this load. ana iea'e
"a tho various bearings merely the duty OF ho'"''e
the mechanism in position Again IL Is eus'o"."'
in the American dynamo 10 have inc ou'e' -,
magnets whether they be TWO or NUM- -,
number and constituting what Is called inc he'u'
remain stationary: and the arrnature win us o'.
n which the current Is excited, rotates ihsine Vi
the cluster. But at Niagara the cohui'"i's ~"
versed The central portion VIII ne "Ne' az" ~
outer part will whrl about IL. Inc "'s' 49,,
odon,ed nv the company were prepared ny tn
raor ceorge Forbes: but the Westinghouse |o'",
oanv before taking the contract TO puma pro-
certain notifications. Many o. the ue'" a., .,,n
struction are very properly, Wlthheu - O' a.,
lie AT prescnt but In addition TO the 'e''"',
mentioned II is possible 10 oes'''"o ~ $3.50.
The field magnets twelve In number are a''as".
. ~ timer face OF a w.ought-s,eel ring lher
,ole nteccs are also OF steel The rihg VIM" :"
about twelve feet In outsid" dlsthc'''' u" 49,
,or,eo and revolvel by plate when sre'ohes 'o''
,,,,. .cross II which ~ shaped like a nhttish cone
xxhf
shar In this roof are several openings GOV
. I'm email rounded hoods. TO admit air Every
ore familiar with the arrangement OF dynamo
,,,oxq that field magnets are not permanent "'ah
,o,s IN, electro magnets. ihht - Inc ITO" ''''S
lii, their magnetism from current no"'nk
through COLI % copper WIG around 'he" III
drect-current dynamo after the machine u A'i',e'
a ,,. armature coils begin 10 develop elec'IlciS
nv ,rauct,on some or all Of this current Is Ie' OF
into The aeld coils. and from that i'ine o"""'" NV
onerailon II very simple. sma' amount VI
..residual, magnetism remains IN the cores AFTER
the machine stops and this Is the germ re'r' upon
90 s,o,, with next time Hut In dynamos designed
IN. those Of the Niagara plant TO develop an A'f
mating current IT II customary to uSc s'pat"'"
exciting current derived from an OUTSIDE source
u.uailv a small direct-current dynamo ~ Nhs"'"
the exciting current Is brought @ the field magnet
coils through sliding contacts brushes anu '"''''
49,, .,,.., .x,tbitcd at the top 81 the diagram
Before referring more particularly u inc "'"''-
lures adopted Tor these machines. "oFd or TWO
might be SAID about The disc pattern OK sTmA-
mr.. Therein one does not see lot or sp'olS 81
conner glre. caca Wa a separate core I"S''"''
,na,. T. , thick disc on whose periphery are a lot
Of transverse burrows OF slots giving IL 10 th' care
less observer the appearance 81 cos"hre' CO"
consisting OF few turns "'unl over r'-'""s"'''
form A., then applied to the disc In such way
that one side OF the square viii ~ down INTO one
ala, tho opuo-lte eide into another slot short as
lance away and the remaining sldrS lie Nat on the
lafera surfaces Of the disc. Each coll oscrhps sew
oral others and consequently II cludes "a us core
mart Of the metal forming another cons core
pigh, her. II may he remarked that the word
core ~ also used to designate the whoe disc Win
an, 80 coil. II VIII be seen that however this ar
rareemont may amer from the older ones the e'-
,,I,t t1ea f. retained \ piece Oi soft IRON " en-
circled by copper wire. and the poe OF tAe e'eeo
magnet thus created points outward. radlhHy to"
ard the nold magnet past which II is 20 be moved
hy rot,tion Each groove Ia ths periphery Ol the
disc contains the frat end OF one coll ana inc iu'-
,her end Of another. Sometimes what Is cAhea mere
a coil" consists merely OF TWO soma uA'S u ''P
n.r each In a different slot. and having their ENDS
,roperiy connected For reasons which need not
- won II ~ ,slrable to make thos' bars Of s'efai
strands lightly Insulated from each othef' vi
course each bar ia also INSULATED catetuy i'o" INC
one with which II is required TO lie III the same
s,ot In the Niagara generators the arma'ufe Is
+, horizontal ring composed OF thin plates 81 OH
died IRON lying above another ana po"''i W
,hor no eight VERT al bots OF nickel steel lhefe
arc III holes or slots IN It's periphery ana TWO rec
tansular copper bars. Insulated win MICA are "'
into each. Two kinds Of connections are thol pro
yided one making coils out or me pafs' anu VIC
other merging the various coils together nos nv"
o,r int, one but into two systems; for these are
.,uonhase" dynamos That IL. they d"He'op wv"
alternating currents. one hylns lbs 'ha"s's 'o"e
ouarter OF a puisatioh behind those % ''e ",
convenience In oper itng the two-phase "0'V'''
,,hl .
From the framework that sustains inc a'''"."e
,,r. oxt.nd Inward four arms to proVlhc p'"''"s'
for the shaft. This part OF the machine " ,
rudely suggested IN our diagram ""''' ' ,1,,.
features are omitted In the Interest oi ''''f"
The bushings Of the bearings are proV"ep WIZ, 90
z,p e,ooves for oil while the outer surface VI Wv
bshngs have other grooves thioub" ""'"
may he cir culsted to keep them cool go -,
Some OF the local consumers al Nlasa'" WI"
= continuous current instead Of alternating one
Several novel machines, TO erect 'nis co"'.'"
besides transformers to lower the voltage 10 'he NC
sired degree VIII therefore constitute part VI '"'
continent OF the power-house. Again WINE '"e
dvnamos Will deliver their output at 2vo Vo'S
there has been talk Of raising this 10 o'v" wv" VI
even 20pD, for OF TRANSMISSION l" "'
points: ard other transformers VIII also DE re""e
for this work Some of the details OF the mode Oh
distribution. though are not yet fuily determines,
The field magnets are to be wh'fie' 'oo''
armature 30 times "A minute. or four ana ohe-sN"
times a second A. separate Impulse u eN''e'
IN the armature by each fed magnet. the ire
ouency of the alterations Will be hfty 10 'he se'
ond giving twenty-five complete waves III "
period OF time No commutators or collectors "'''
be required In order TO lead these currents ""
since the armature and It's coils are stationary
A soon as the plant Is In operation the Pitispurg
Reduction Company, which mas eS'apiis"eu WIZ"
at Niagara FOR obtaining aluminium elec'rpyuch'y
will be furnished with all the electricity II WISHES
The Carborundum Company VIII be the next Gus
tomer served But IT Is hoped at an early day 10
deliver a good supply In Buffalo when Guy ~ pre-
parng to celebrate the event with much forma"y
and display. 1t Is designed To inciuhe LochP'''
Rochester Syracuse and other large ana small
centres OF population within the field OF these Dehe-
fits eventually besides furnishing electric hgh' anu
mower TO Industries to be established at niagara
and operating boats on the Erie Canal with the
same agency As the capacity OF the outflow tuh-
mel from the whee,pit viii accommodate water
enough TO generate over 5000 horsepower 1t VIII be
necessary only to install more turbines ana hyha'
mos to meet any demand up to that limit b"'
the same corpora controls rights on the Canadian
side Of the Falls. and Is already taxing preliminary