The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1894-03-29
HISTORY or THE TARIFF.
A Brief Review Of Legislati0m ou Oh
Subject In This Country.

A Brief Review of Legislatl0n ou che
Subject In This CouRtry.
Before considering this measure I'm detail
let us briefly review our tariff legislation.
1t is worth something to us all to know
what the founders of the republic thought
and did. 1t il inspiring TO us to know
from history that our earliest legislation
upon economic questions was b MANNED
by sectionalism, nor framed upon geo
graphical lines, but was prompted by the
Hottest patriotism and marked BIZ a ma
tionaI sentiment as broad as the country.
The first protective tariff Law I'M our his.
tory, ia law that was approved by Wash
ington had for its author James Madison
of Virginia, known and revered as the
Father of the Constitution Among its
supporters and friends were such well
known Southern statesmen as Richard
Henry Lee, the friend and eulogist of
Washington; Charles Carroll of Carroll
ton, Abraham Baldwin and James Jack
son of Georgia, Theodore Bland and
John Brown of Virginia, Hugh William
son and John Sewer of North Caro-
lima, John Henry and Daniel Car
roll of Maryland, George Read and john
vining of Delaware, Ralph lizard, Thomas
Tudor Tucker and Thomas Sumter OF
South Carolina. These men had, for the
most part, been soldiers of the revolution,
and members of the convention which
framed the constitution. They held pro-
tective legislation to be essential to our In
dustrial Independence and progress-and
knowing something of the constitution
did not hold such legislation to be an In
fraction of that instrument.
A still more strongly protective Law was
enacted in 1890, and it Is a significant fact
that OF the 80 votes given for the bill "A
were from the Southern, IS from the Mid.
die and B from the New England states.
It's advocates included most OF the South
ern leaders already named, and James
Monroe of Virginia. The early laws which
inaugurated the policy of the government
had the approval of three presidents, NIL
from the South-Washington, Madison
and Monroe. OF the 13 votes against ths
law o were from New England. 8 from ths
Southern and / from the Middle states. III
will thus be seen that we are largely i'm
debted to the South for the inauguration
and establishment of our protective sys
tenn.
CaIhaun, washington and Jefferson Were
Protection sts.
John G. Calhoun began his career as /
protectionist. and favored the diffusion
and growth of manufactures throughoui
all sections alike. He remained q stancl
protectionist for many years, until he AMI
his followers OF the South began to reaIiz
that the interests of slave-buyers and "
ers, and of free, protected and well pais
labor were inevitably antagonistic. Tha
reason, whatever influence it may hay
had then, ought to have no force now, 10
slavery and the slave trade no longer hav
d place In our civilization, and the inter
ests Of one section of our common countr
are exactly identical with the interests d
every other.
Washington, in his message OF 179t
urged upon cong .ess the necessity of 81
celebrating the establishment of certain uss
full manufactures by the i~nteryention d
Legislative aid and protection Jeifei
son In December, 1901, In his first messaas
congratulated congress upon the reyenu
derived from tariff duties and suggeste
that there ID now reasonable ground Z
confidence that w may safely dispens
with all internal taxes and rely for til
support OF the government and the pal
uaent OF the public debt upon tariffs
we,kinga of the Revsnae Tari0 OF 1els
In 1915 the first revenue or free trad
tariff was enacted. Henry Clay In 49,
seven years after the adoption of this fal
if, thus described the condition Of I'D
country: ssThe general distress whic
pervades this whole country III forced apo
III ~ numerous facts of the most incol
tesslble character. IL Ii indicated 81 III
diminished exports of native products: i
tila depressed and reduced state OF our 10
eign navigation; by our diminished con
/ merce: BY successive untlareshed crups
, lgrain perishing in our barns for wanc III
market; BIZ the alarming diminution