The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-04-01

the pressure on ice, the melting point
will be lowered. Freeze water and IL
will expand, contrary to general law.
Water evaporates from the ocean and
falls in the form of hail, rain and
snow. 1t penetrates into the earth and 4
dissolves other substances with which
it comes into contact. If it falls into
a limestone formation it will dissolve
out limestone. If into a formation con-
tanning common salt, will dissolve COM
mon salt. Our City creek water is
tquite hard, as it passes over lime
stone formation. In the Little Cotton
wood the water is softer by reason OF
the formation being granite, with
which it comes in contact 1t is con-
sidered better water than that OF the
city creek. Some water was shown
from a spring near the university.
Ammonium oxillate was added and
solid formation indicating the presence
| of lime. A solution of barium chloride
was added to a bottle of the same
water showing the presence of sui
| phuric acid in the water. The pres
ence of carbonic acid gas was shown
by adding a solution of lime. By adj
| ding lime water to water organic ele-
ments will be precipitated along with
other substances. When water does not
contain more than 90 per cent. of salts
! 1t may be considered potable so far
as the amount is concerned. Sub
stances found in the potable water of
this valley generally are: Carbonate
phate of lime, sulphate of magnesia,
chloride of sodium, potassium, either
as sulphate or chloride, or both; and
there may also be sulphate CT soda.
Water having even a very minute
portion of organic matter is poisonous,
7 depending upon the kind. Organic
matter has the germs of disease, some
| ic
ant to know the quantity of water to
| be drunk. Boiling water before using
! is an excellent means of purifying
water Distilled water is also 10 be
commended rather than what is con-
sidered potable water, which clogs the
system and hastens old age
After Professor Kingshury's address.
tthe association was favored with a ve-
cal solo by Mrs. II. Bradford.
Miss Holton then spoke upon fHow
to Teach Writing" AIT the present
time the standard of writing is being
raised. Attention is being called to the
subject. because of an advance in all
lines in the educational system. What
is good penmanship? The first quality
is legibility; second rapidity in writ
ing combined with the first requisite
There should be uniform standard for
Ichlldren; they should not be allowed
too much individuality. Any good
system of penmanship, if strictly
carried out, is as good as the Spen-
cerian, which has long been before the
public as a standard. The vertical sys-
tenn of penmanship is now receiving
attention and has many excellencies
which, according to it's advocates, are
"a 1t is most conducive to health: e.
one can write faster; (S) it is more
easily taught; az it can be read at the
greatest distance; % 1T is more natural
The results in teaching writing are
as a rule, poor. One reason for this i.
found in the fact that the child in hi:
language period, is intent upon hi.
work In language, rather than upor
the thought in writing. He should BIZ
absorbed in the thought of writing il
order TO make progress. Work in pen
manship should be made interesting
The speaker would take one letter anc
develop or practice upon 1t thoroughly
before taking another. 1t is of grea.
, Importance that the teacher write vel
II he wishes the pupil to write well
All may become good writer's 1t is
mistake to consider that excellence il
this respect is an endowment. All
! work on the board by the teache
should be good. In primary grades tn,
boards should be ruled The loves
space should be one and one-half inches
upper spaces, three inches. Boards cal
be ruled by an artists brush will
Pe'ni'' u ny carpenters pencil
5 yellow line, or red one is preferable t.
other colors States may be ruled b,
a stencil just the size of the slate
: Pencils should be sharpened every day
in order to secure good results. TIL
= position in writing is to be wei
considered. 1t is of prime importance
: especially at first. See that pencil
= always have an erect position. Befor
5 commencing the work of writing pupil
5 should be trained in correct DosiEor
l and nothing else attempted. Max
: haste slowly, especially at the begin
/ ming. The movement should be tn
development of the muscular move
ment, and not the fingers only, whicl
= produces cramped. unnatural method
2 The oval movement is a very import
ant one, and leads to desirable results