The record-union., 1894-06-06

Il
seems to be toward Capitalization and
monopoly, driving the small producers
ont of business. Must this be the fate OF
the cattle-raising business? Must the
market in the future be so controlled by
the large producers that the business Will
be wholly improbable to the small
farmer? or are his prospects encouraging!
The industry is one that can not be mo-
nopoliZed. Buyers may corner the mar
kets and packers may influence the
prices. but no individual or organization
can regulate the production OF the supply;
whether it is to be produced upon the
large ranch or small farm. the condltlon
OF the country must largely determine.
Heretofore Western pasturage has been
very cheap, and as consequence The
markets have been glutted with stock so
cheaply produced that the ordinary
farmer could not successfully enter into
competition. But with the rapid settle-
ment of the West, this condition is pass
ing out of existence. Contemporaneous
with this decrease there is an actual III
crease in the market demand. Inc pop
Ulation Of our cities and towns, enlarglng
very rapidly, creates an eyer-growlng de-
mand for food supplies that can only
come from the farm. The fact that the
increase in our urban population IS OUT OF
all proportion to that OF the rural Is all
the more encouraging to the small farmer.
An era OF small farming seems llkely
to dawn upon the Central West. IL VIII
be in reality golden era In larInins :
when farms will have from forty 10 elgnty
acres, and farming will be done not ex-
tensiyely but intensiveIy. Ihls is Delng
brought on not so much by an AWAKEN
ing intelligence and a knowledge OF pet
ter methods among farmers, as by the IN
crease Of population and the demand ior
country homes which are leading TO ol-
vision of our hitherto large farms ana
compelling the adoption gilmore intensive
and, therefore, more intelligent methods
OF farming In this, as in all other IN
dustries. necessity is the mother OF III
yention.D 1t is from these small farms
that the produce supplies OF our country
in the near future Will come. Inc STOCK
raised will be of the finest quallty, eA-
penses of production Will De reouceu 10
the minimum. and the prohts enhanced
by the growing of city demands.
The small farm will reduce the farming
industry to a business science. Laxness
in business methods is one OF the CHIEF
characteristics of the ordinary large
farm. The small farm is inauguratlng
the employment of better methods. Inc
farmer has a DolISC uDu0ISkduAlLs VI las
debit and credit accounts, as more sys-
tematic book keeping is followed. lie IS
better acquainted with the best methodS
OF culture, the cost of production and the
superior varieties. Thus are we coming
to learn that it is possible to make more
money on ten head OF cattle. properly
cared 1or and prepared for the market,
than was formerly made on one hundred
head. Th outlook for the small-scale
cattle grove is encouraging
AgriculLuTlSt.
TENANT HOUSES ON FARMS.
Every large farm should have a tenant
house conveniently located on the prem
ises. Even for smaller farm, where the
owner is obliged to depend upon hired
help to some extent, tenant house will
prove good investment. 1t is a perma-
nent investment, and adds that amount
to the value of property. The farm iaborer
living therein can get his meals at home,
thus saving that much extra FOR the
farmers family. Personal matters can
then be discussed with more freedom
than when man, perhaps a stranger, IS
present, which is a consideration of no
small moment, especially as men are
usually but year or two in place.
Many things are said at meal time that, if
repeated outside OF the family, might
cause trouble. a tenant house would
prevent all this. A house sixteen by
thirty feet will afford all the necessary
room, or a house fourteen by twenty
eight feet, two stories high, with kitchen
ten by twelve feet on the rear will give
good accommodations for family of five
or six. One bedroom will be made be-
low, and two or three above. The sur
roundings should be made neat and
pleasant. A garden and several fruit
trees will be more profitable than shade
trees. II q row or two OF small fruits and
berries are added, two or three dollars
more per year can be added to the rent,
and will be willingly paid. The tenant
or his family will usually give them good
attention, Tor it is to their interest TO do
So If the well water be hard, cistern
or some plan for obtaining a needed sup
ply of rainwater should be provided.
Such things cost but little and make the
property more desirable, inviting Il bet
ter class of men than when such accom-
modations are not preSent.-American
Agriculturist.
ITEMS OF INTEREST.
The Vermont experiment station after
three years Of experiment decides that
sour milk is superior to sweet tor feeding
pigs.
India ranks third among the countries
of the world for wheat production. Its
total wheat crop last year was 203, ,000, 600
bushels.
Among garden crops most certain to be
benefited by the application Of CONNER
clal fertilizers we find asparagus, peas,
beans, cabbages and caulifiowers.
The largest hop yard in the world is
said TO be in Yakima County, WASH, and
contains 600 acres. There are several in
that State of 500 acres and upwards.
Do not depend on one kind of crop.
Agriculture is diversified industry, eX-
tending the whole year. There is always
something to grow and plenty of work to
do.
Plenty of shade in the hog pastures is a
necessity and not a luxury. 1t is to your
interest, as we'll as the good of the hogs.
that they are not compelled to endure the
heat OF the sun.
The American trotting horse is becom-
ing popular in Italy. OF the S93 private
stations in that country which were ap.
proved by the official inspectors, seven
teen were American.
Buy once or twice week large beef
heart from your butcher, boil il until well
done and tender, chop tine and feed to both
young chicks and old fowls. They eat il
ravenously, and it is fine food for them.
The French have introduced coffee
culture in Tonquin with good prospects
of success. Both the Liberian and Ara
bian varieties OF coffee trees are in cult
walton, and all are reported as doing we'll
The tax that should be paid most cheer.
fully is the road tax. There is nothing