davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The advocate., 1894-09-19

party the labOringman has suffered IN
wages and in the conditions and tenure
of his employment. This 1 know is
disputed, but the leaders Of the dOmi-
nant political forces would have the
temerity to dispute the evidences of
holy writ or declare that black was
white if party exigencies required.
The uncertainty of continued employ
ment is known to all. No one en-
gagged in a mechanical employment can
secure a situation whose tenure de-
pends upon anything other than the ar
bitrary will Of his employer. Time
contracts are no longer made. Dis
missal and blacklisting are the dread
of every laborer and the occurrence Of
every day,
The conditions of labor service, es-
pecially in railway employment, are
rapidly approaching those of the peon-
age of Mexico and the Spanish -Ameri-
can countries. Under the system OBJ
tanning in those lands debtor is
permitted to sell himself into the ser
vice of his creditor to work till the dis
charge of the debt. The laws there
hold the contract legal and compel the
performance of the work. The dis
charge, however, never comes. [ have
seen the poems of Mexico, and nowhere
in civilized lands does there exist ig-
norance so dense, superstition so credu-
lous, sentiment so intOlerant, poverty
more pitiable, humanity more de-
graded than among that unfortunate
class; all of it the result and the dl-
rect result of holding men unwillingly
to the service of another. The courts
of this land have interpOlated into the
railway trainmen's contract, clause
never written there or implied from
any of its terms, which holds them
like the poems to the service Of a mas
ter. Such as been the ruling of Judges
Kicks, Taft, Jenkins and others; the
one first named declaring in words
which 1 quote: "The circumstances
when this freedom to quit the service
continues, and when it terminates, it
is not now necessary to determine, b%
there certainly are times and cOndj-
ti0nS aOben such right must be denied."
Never until old party subserViency to
corporate power had become so marked
and servile as now did any judge, high
or low, dare decree against one man
the specific performance Of a contract
to labor for another. / am justified,
then, in saying that the conditions of
the laborers' service have become more
onerous; they have, and so Onerous
they approach the VaSsalage of feudal
DAYS, the serfdom of Russia and the
peonage of the colonies of Spain.
Wages, too, have gone down. Every
man who will accept the evidence Of
his own experience and the obserya-
tion of his own eyes knows such is the
case. When we speak Of wages we
are too apt to think merely of the
daily or other periodical compensation
of mechanical employees. Such is not
accurate. Wages in proper sense is
the reward of toll, whether paid in
money or grown in the form of the
products of the soil. Wages as meas
ured by the value Of agricultural
products have steadily decreased al
The advocate., 1894-09-19

| pOllGlCaL party OC power uLIoE Iuo SuIl'
But over and beyond all this l make
the point that irrespective of the nomi-
nal sum Of the same, irrespective Of any
possible increase in nominal amount,
from any cause whatsoever, wages have
decreased as compared to the proper
standard for their measurement. That
standard is such sum as is necessary
to secure to the laborer his fair share
in the constantly increasing good
things of life. Compared to that
standard the laborers' wages have con-
stantly decreased, or rather the stan
ard has been constantly elevating
without corresponding ability in the
laborer to rise with its growth. What
formerly were luxuries which kings
only could enjoy, have now become the
ordinary comforts Of life; what once
were comforts have now become abso
lutte necessaries, and what once were
necessaries have now passed out of the
range of human desire and become
too mean for human food or clothes.
The government that does not do
what in it lies to bring the means of
human living within the expanding
compass of human aspiration and de-
sire is unworthy the loyalty and sup
port of its patriotic citizens.
The honest dollar policy is the espe-
cial boast of the statesmen of the re-
publican party. 1t is constantly re
iterated by its newspapers and public
speakers that you can buy more with
dollar of money to-day than you
could at any time in the history of the
country. admit you can buy more
with dollar of money to-day than
you ever could at any time in your
lives. That is surely good thing for
those who have the dollar, but what
about the fellow who does not have a
dollar2 What about the one who is
obliged to sell his labor, or, what is the
same thing, the product Of his labor,
to get q dollar One who does not
have dollar, but who is compelled to
labor to get dollar, is the one to
whom we should address ourselves.
MY republican friends, what have you
accomplished by the execution Of this
fiscal policy of yours, which has COM
pressed so much of value into SO small
a compass that you can command so
much of mems labor with itY You
have done nothing except to put IN
force and remorselessly execute what
the political economists term the iron
law of wages. The iron law Of wages
is defined by those very learned gen.
tlemen who teach us the science OF
national wealth to be that economic
force which depresses the wages of the
laborer down to the very lowest point
at which it is possible for him to main
tain himself and yet render efficient
service to his employer. You have
done absolutely nothing by that legis-
lative policy, that honest dollar policy
of yours, except to depress the COM
pensation of these laboringmen down
to the very lowest point at which it is
possible for them to Sustain their
physical existence and yet render efi'
cient service to their employers. The
lsborer ought to have enough to enable
him to hang pictures on his wall, put
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03

the money derived from the sale Of such
bonds cannot bc lawfully applied for any
other purpose than redemption. 10 thus
Villas presented the following amendment;
Except In accordance with such appro-
priailon acts by congress as may require
the use OF the same 10 discharge such APP
preparations Speaking on the Stewart
resolution, Villas complained that its In
PRODUCTION had been delayed unIil tho last
hour, when II came as blow TO public
credit. lie argued that the resumption
act not only required the secretary OF the
treasury 10 be ready in the first instance
TO redeem grccnhacks but be thereafter
"alNays ready 10 redeem them" The
redeemability and convertibillty Of green
backs were to be ever continuing and
never ceasing.
Al i:l5 tlIe clerk of the house appeared
with the tariff bill and Villas suspended
until 1t was duly reported to the senate.
BY request Of VOORHEES, II was laid before
the senate aud referred to the ilnlncc
committee with an order that 20 o copies
be printed for the usc OF the senate.
Hoar followed Villas, and declared that
there was nowhere entertained any moro
probability that within the next six
months. or within any reasonable time,
there will be any necessity for any moro
money in the treasury for the purpose OF
redemption than there Is that there will
he war with the Australian possessions of
Great Britain. II is well known that If
any money is gained from tho sale OF
bonds, 1t Is for the purpose TO put It in tho
treasury with one hand and take IL out
with the other To pay current expenses.
The secretary is not borrowing 1t for the
purpose Of redemption, and that proposi
iion is too ridiculous for discussion.
The resolution. at the request OF Teller,
went over until Wednesday, and the sen.
ate adjourned until Monday.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
FROM HAWAII.


WASHINGTON, Feb. e.-Thc president
to-day transmitted 10 congress q dispatch
received from Minister Willis last Sa,ur-
day. The letter from President Doic was
not included for lack of time to transcri5e
il after Willis received it.
Willis dispatch is dated at Honolulu,
Jan. -. and says: Yesterday al $50 p.
ni., | received Hon. =. B. Doles answer TO
my letter of Jan. I. requesting him. at his
earliest convenience, 10 give me the specl-
fications contained in his prior letter. HIS
answer is about jDpagos OF closely written
Official paper. and has been delivered too
late. either to copy or reply 10 in time for
the steamer leaving al q. M. to-day.
There are extracts, however, 20 which
think your attention shou,l be called.
wherein il is stated: This government
has been and now il subjected To the
necessity OF increased watchTglness and a
large additional expense which. but for
such attitude. would have been uaueccs-
sary.' Tho emphasis above is mine.
In previous letter, Dec. -. Minister
Dole had stated the government officers
had been rlaccl and still continue ia a
condition OF defense aud preparation OF
siege aEd the community has been put
into a state Of mind bordering on terror
ism.' Some portions of the letters from
which these extracts are made confirm
the above statements, while others seem
10 negative them. With this explanation
! submit them to your consideration. The
next steamer leaves here Feb. 3. which
would Place sou in possession of Dolc's
letter aud my proposed reply thereto
about Feb. Is
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
SHE DENIES 1T.
Mrs. Pushman Says She Hssn's Been Out
Of tn. Prison since >hs Entered IL.

Mrs. Pushman Says She Hasn't Been Out
Of tn. Prison since >hs Entered IL.
Special Dispatch to the standard.
DEER LODGE, Feb. 2.-lncidcnt TO tho
reports which appeared in the morning
papers cf recent date in regard to Mrs.
pushman having been seen on the streets
OF Butte lately with child, the STANDARD
correspondent called at the prison to-day
and through the kindness Of the warden
Mrs. Pushman was produced in the busi-
ness Office.
"You are reported TO have been in Butte
with little child recently said tho re-
porter.
THAT is false" said Mrs. Pushman. II
have never been outside of the prison
walls since was brought here and | can't
see why the papers insist on prosecuting
me. shall look after them later. have
received good treatment here and am
grateful for H."
"You are happy that you are going TO be
released soon," was asked Mrs. Pushman.
"Oh. yes. have had a good lesson and
have learned great many kinds of
handiwork which will avail me much good
in the future. My time will expire on tho
18th of the present month, after which
expect to live with my sister, Mrs. Groiger,
in Butte"
Mrs. Pushman appeared in q suit OF
dark blue. with knitting in hand. and
talked very freely and expresslyely in re-
gard 10 the manner Ia which the papers
had represented her.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
TO TRY 1T ONCE MORE
Leaders Of The Railroad Brotherhood;
Arrive in s.. Paul
TAXING A FINAL APPEAL
Arthur. Sargent and Other Dis
tlnguished Labor Men VIII
Try - Intercede With
the Receivers.
Special Dispatch to the standard.

ST. PAUL. Feb o.-Wth the exception
of the telegrlphers. all the organizations
of the Northern Pacific employees are Iep-
resented in this city 10y tho grand officers.
Grand Master Sargent OF the brotherhood
OF Locomotive F,rcmcn aud Grand Chef
Arthur of the Brotherhood Of Locomotive
Engineers arrived this morning. The
morning was spent by the grand officers
in conicrr.ug with one another as TO the
best course To pursue on general lines.
In the afternoon they met the cha irnen
of the various committees constituting
the federated board and held a session
lasting the rest Of the day. The situation
was discussed thoroughly aud definite
conclusion was reached. Before accept
ing the terms or submitting the question
of rcsorting To extreme measures to all
the employees, another effort will be made
10 induce the company TO grant the con-
ccssious asked. 1he chairmen and the
grand officers decided To ask for a confer
ence with Ihe receivers aud the general
manager as soon as IL can he arranged,
FOR tho purpose Of discussing tho terms OF
tho answer which arn unsatisfactory To
the men. Receiver Oakes and General
Manager kendrick left for Milwaukee
this evening. and until they rcturu 1t is
impossible To say when the conference
will DO held.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
BRAZIL'S WEARY WAR
DaCisiV, AC.lon S,smi 10 b as Far in
The Fu.ura as Eyer.
DE CANA AND HIS PLANS
All But the American Diplomats
Said to 6e Favorable TO Rec
ognizing the insurgents
as Belligerents.
Copyright, iso!. BY Associated Press.


LONDON, Feb. 2.-The Times has received
advIccs from Rio Janeiro, dated Tuesday
last, via Monteyidco. concerning the af-
fairs in RIO harbor on Monday. This re-
port ycriiics in detail the account Of
Admiral Benham's action regarding the
protection of the American merchant ships
already given in the associated press ca
ble from Rio. la an interview De Cana
said: I'VE can continue here rs things
are now for several weeks. We expect
reinforccments of troops mex, week. Our
force then will probably be sufficient 10
enable us 10 effect landing and take up
position on shore and there await tue adj
vance of the southern army The admi-
raj said his supply Of ammunition was
short, but sufficient for present needs.
The insurgent officers who attended the
conference called by De Cana on Mon
day were most emphatic in their express
ions Of loyalty TO him. They gave HIM no
reason TO doubt that they placed entire
confidence in his Judgment, and told him
they would abide by any action he might
decide upon. Many volunteers are JOIN
ing DE Cana. Advices from Desterre say
it is reported that the government iieet is
now ready 10 proceed TO RIO. The feet
consists OF the Nictheroy, Britannia, Au-
rora and Purnahyla and seven torpedo
boats. These vessels are now anchored
at Bahia. Admiral Concalles is IN COM
maud of the squadron.
The minister of finance called meet.
ing OF the managers OF the leading banks
and stated that the government wished to
raise the rate of exchange. He set forth
the position of the government and asked
ii the banks would lend assistance TO tldo
over the temporary embarrassment. No
direct answer has been made 10 the min.
| lister.
Foreign diplomats have held n confer
encc to discuss the question of tho rights
OF the insurgents TO be recognized as bell
| ligerents. No actual decision was reached
but there was feeling distinctly
| favorable 10 such recognition, except
on the part of the American
| representatives. A majority Of the minis
ters have sent dispatches To their respect
i've governments informing them of the
deliberations OF the foreign representa-
! tives and advising them to recognize the
! Insurgents as bel!igerents.
Tho Brazllians on both sides are averso
TO the acton Of the American fleet. There
is much dissatisfaction among the minis
ters of PeIxoIo's cabinet aud a number
threaten TO resign, tie complaint being
that the government does not show suili-
cient activity in the present crisis, Mar
tial law has been prolonged TO Feb. -.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
RoMBARpM MT OF RIO.
Civilized Nations VIII Insist on iS
Hours Notice.

Hours Notice.
WASHINGTON, Feb. "A cable dispatch
was received this morning from Admiral
Benham. II is thought TO b. request
for instructions in view of DE Gama's
declaration that he would lombard Rio
when he pleased without giving notice 10
foreign commanders. IL is believed that
this dispatch was sent before Benham re-
ceived Secretary Hcrbert's message TO
him yesterday, leaving matters at Rio at
his discretion.
All civilized nations agree that previous
notice Of bombardment must be given.
The time allowed is usually iS hours. 1t
is believed that foreign commanders at
RIO will not allow a bombardment Oh
shorter notice.
BUENos AYREs, Feb. 2.-Dispatches
from RIO say the Brazilian minister OF
war has resigned on account OF disa.
greement with President PeiNoto OH tho
subject OF prolonging the state OF siege.
The minister of war fayors cancellations.
II is said hat the government transport
ltaipau has joined the insurgents aud
blockaded Bahia.
BUENos AYREs, Feb. 2.-No coniirna-
ton or denial of The report that the town
OF Nicthcroy has fallen into tho hands OF
the insurgents has been received here up
to the time this dispatch is filed. The
Americans here aud a majority of the
foreigners warmly endorse tho action of
Admiral Benham.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
III THE SENATE.
Tho Bond issue Again the Principal
Topic of Discussion.

Topic of Discussion.
WAsHISGToS, Feb. Tho dag in the
senate was not an cyeniiul one. After an
hours debate on the resolution OF PETER
calling upon the secretary OF the treasury
for the names II persons and corporations
bidding for United States bonds and the
amount of the bids aud the rate Of inter-
est. The original resolution Of Stewart
denying the authority Of the secretary ot
tho treasury 10 issue bonds was then taken
up and consumed the remainder Of the
day. Villas making the principal argument
in opposition to the resolution.
Quay presented an amendment embody-
ing several new sections to tue tariI bill.
II provides for the free coinage OF silver
aud for the purchase Of lij,l2j ounces Of
tiuc gold monthly, and the Issuance of
treasury notes m payment therefor and
the repeal of all existing laws for the lssu.
aucc of bonds.
peircr's resolution calling on the secrc-
tary of tho treasury TO inform the senate
bow many bids were received tor bonds
and from whom, came up for cOnsilera-
tion. After some discussion, IN which
sherman argued it was unusual and not
good public policy 10 inquire into the per.
sunnei of purchasers Of bonds, and Pcllcr
replied he did not believe the financial
affairs OF the government we're managed
by government officers, but by spectators
IN New York. Sherman wiIhdreE his oppO-
s,iion and the resolution WAS adopted.
The resolution OF Stewart denying the
authority OF the secretary OF the treasury
TO issue United Stntes bonds, came up
with various amendments, providing that
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
ON THz wARPATH.
Two Parties OF whites In Pursuit OF tho
Murlsrous Erd.kIns.


Tucson. AriI.. Feb. last night news
came in from Mammoth, 60 miles north
east OF here. that the Indians are ON the
warpatb. Wednesday afternoon Clark, q
prospector. while at work in the Bunker
Hill district. was attacked by four Indians.
ClarK is an old Indian scout and knows
the country and the Indians. lie easily
ovaded his assailants. Clark at once
started for Mammoth, + miles away. for
reinforccm.nls. Coming IN he found the
camp OF William Emerson, another pros
rector. looted clean of valuablcs and food.
Emerson was not found ami Clark be-
leycs him killed. Clark aroused the camp
at Mammoth aud was soon at the head Of
"A party oi men bent on capturing the In
dams. Yesterday morn ,ng second party
followed them. About 20 mon are now on
ihe trail Of tho Indians and their capture
is expected. Clark is of the opinion that
the party is either Kid and his gang or
there is general outbreak of Apaches
from the reservation. Neither event
would surprise him. He says the scene Of
the supposed killing Of Emerson is where
the Kids party killed John D.ehl six years
ago. On receipt of the news in Tucson
word was irlcgrapled by Marshal Meade
To Fort Grant with request that troops
bc sent there. The request will doubt
less be compiled with.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
DEFEATED N COMMITTEE.
The Tax On = ate hanks IL Likely to
stay Awhilc.

WASHINGTON. Feb. Tho effort TO re-
peal the tax on state bank circulation was
beaten in the committee Oh banking to-
day. eight To nine. The vote was taken
Oh Cox's bill. which relieves tho state
banks from the tax, but does not extend
to tho circulating OF notes issued by pri-
vate individuals or corporations. The vote
was as follows: For the bill-Cox, Cobb
of Alabama. Hall, Ellis. johnson OF Ohio,
Cobb OF Missouri, Black. Culberlson, all
democrats; against tho bill Springer,
Spcrry and Warner. democrats, johnson
Of Indiana. Broslus, Walker, Russell,
Henderson. Allen, republicans.
Johnson oE Ohio and Cobb of Missouri
voted fayorably with the reservations that
they would vote against the bill in the
house. Several other bills TO the same
end with various limitations nro pending
before the COMMITTEES. Springer thinks
one OF them will reach tho house.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
The oRPa,Ns' HOME.
H's been Built. Hut There's Not Enough
M,n-y to Run IL.

HELENA, Feb. 2.-lhe orphans home at
Twin Bridges, Madison county, will bc
completed some time next month, though
IL will he quite while before IL is occu.
pied. The legislature appropriated s. ,jD
for the building and 5000 To run 1t for
two years. The board of trustees found
that no adequate or suitable building
could be put up for the SI,t0p. They
therefore put up one which cost about
Sl2.011, aud which will accommodate
from 75 TO 100 orphans. This leaves about
enough money Ia furnish the building and
run II for two or three months. II will
probably not be opened until next fall, SO
as TO be in operation by the time tho legls.
lature meets. e.. W. COnforl aud his
wife have been selected as superintendent
and matrou respectively, though they viii
not bc under salary until the home ~
opened for business. The building Is OF
brick with stone trimmings, and contains
basement. two full stories and an attic.
There was some talk OF having the money
to run il this year advanced by the banks,
as was done IN the case OF tho reform
school, but as there was no such pressing
need for the orphans home as for tho
other institution, the board dCcIded To
wait, each county meanwhile 10 care for
its own little charges.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
STILL CurTNo RATES.
The AtchI,on Claims lhat the tulon Pa
c.Hc l. Real Lsau.


CHICAGO. Feb. THE Union Pacific to-
day refused to bo party 10 the raising OF
the SiL5J blsing rate now in effect be-
tween the Missouri river and the Pacific
coast, on the ground that IL would have u
disastrous effect on local business. The
Interested lines were IN session to-day To
ondcayor to prevent an utter lemoralisa-
ton OF tran nBcoutinenlai traffic, but moth
ing was accomplished. The search Tor the
remedy will continue tomorrow.
The Atchison to-day announced n rate
of cents "a mile TO parties Of 10 or more.
It claims that tho Uu!on Pacific has been
secretly making this rate for theatrical
parties aud has also been deadhcaltug
advance asrnis and excess baggage. The
Atcaison's ucw rate applies only To trans
Missouri TERRITORY, but intimltcs that
lines east Uf the river have been doing
the same as the Union Pacific, and uu.css
it is stopped the cut will bc extended into
the territory of tho Western Passenger
association.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1894-02-03
WATTS GOLD NUGGETS.
IL Transpiros That They Were the Prop
erty of Another Man.

Special Dlspatch to the standard
BotsK, Idaho. Feb. 2.-State Senator J.
G.. Watts, who represented Boise county
in the last legislature, is placed in an un-
cnviabie light by reason OF some gold
nuggets which he loaned to tho cN-
hibit. Watts was deputy commis-
sioner under Captain Wells and
spent much time in gathering exhibits.
lie told Wells that he had some fine gold
nuggets which he would loan tho exhibit,
bur that they were in soak a, the Capital
State bank here for S2O7, and that II Wells
would take them out he might use them
and afterwards either sell or return them.
After the fair closed the nuggets werc sold
and It now trausprcs that the nuggets
were tho property OF William Hamilton.
well known in Boise county, who loaned
them to Watts, taking bond for their
safe return. The bondsmen are now on
the warpath aud sensational develop
ments are expected.