davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

from him. and it is very convenient
for me, did not expect there would
be so many men working, but do not
propose to give il mp now so long as l
can attend To it,"
Miss Foley said the mon make from
IS cents to sl.9S per day. They are
paid 81. Is per square yard, and If they
work brislily can break from one to
one and half square yards day. The
men at work in the quarry at present
turn out about forty or fifty square
yards day. As yet Mr. Nelson has
no sale for the broken stone, which is
consequently fast accommodating. The
men are paid off every Saturday by Miss
Foley. who is kept well supplied with
funds by Mr. Nelson. Occasionally,
when the men are in need OF money.
something is advanced to them on ac-
count
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

comes older. The old inn, which had
sheltered the travellers along that
thoroughfare for many years, was re-
modelled and is now occupied by the
first members. The organization was
effected in November last. and since
that time fifty other families have
Joined the colony, and there are more
to follow. The population numbers
ls0 and there are forty houses.
S. S. Gibson. secretary of the asso-
citation, showed the reporter through
the various departments and explained
the workings of the new organization.
In the basket factory a number of
workmen were engaged in making
lunch baskets, which were of first
class workmanship A broom factory
is also in operation. laundry is being
built; also a creamery. The com
munity now has 200 cows and in the
spring the creamery business will be
started on a large scale. Farming and
market gardening will also be carried
on extensively. Those that have thus
far Joined the organization are thrifty,
tidy, go-ahead people.
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
TAXES IN NEW ZEALAND.
A Place Where Improvements Up to
$4,000 Escape Taxation.

John ID. Connolly, United States
consul at Auckland, New Zealand, has
sent to the department of state an in
teresting report on the results of the
new system of taxation practiced in
that country and which is similar to
the single land tax so much discussed
in the United States The consul be-
gins with the declaration that in the
matter of taxation laws New Zealand
excels, as compared with the other
Australian colonies, and, perhaps. with
many older countries The consul
says:
''In very short time the incidence
of taxation has been almost entirely
changed-always most hazardous
undertaking, because of its tendency
to disturb existing values and disar-
range business enterprises Reforms
have been introduced which revolu-
tionize the old system without affect
ing. at least to any appreciate extent,
existing interests. The most deter
mined opposition to the new taxation
came from the moneyed institutions,
loan companies and the owners of vast
landed estates. 1t was found. how
ever, as soon as the new system be-
came law and was thoroughly estab-
lished and fully understood that, in
stead of involving the colony in ruin,
it had exactly the contrary effect. The
credit of the colony in London in
creased to an unprecedented degree.
New Zealand's credit is better to-day
in the London money market than is
that of any other colony in Australia. "
The report assumes to show that the
purpose of the government has been
to relieve the ''weaklings" from the
burden of taxation and place it on the
shoulders of those better able to bear
it. The effort, says the consul, has
succeeded and it has been appreciated
and the government rewarded by the
largest majority known in recent
years The new scheme of taxation,
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

The next step was TO take the weight
Of the prisoner; then the criminal was
directed TO place himself against high
measuring board, bearing at the side o.
scale. This arrangement had the APP
pearance of crucifix. IL was hand
somely made of maple wood and was
about eight feet in height and marked
off with lines and figures. On the
arms were a number of fine lines rum
ming up and down intersected with
numerals the upright portion of the
cross had sliding block, working in
a slot and adjustable by thumb
screw This arrangement was placed
across the top of the head and the
height IL marked was noted
without changing his position the
subject was then ordered TO stretch
his arms out full length and another
measurement was taken. He was then
requested TO seat himself upon stool
and the height of his trunk followed
Now, said Mr.. Townsend TO the
prisoner, step on that stool and
throw back Your right leg in such
way that your entire weight comes
upon the left foot
The measure of the foot then fol-
lowed. The measurement of the
head, accomplished with jointed
compass, furnished with semi-circu.
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

tains in Tulare county, near Yisalia
He invested in the concern and studied
its workings.
Afterward, with Alexander Long
ley, the altruist editor he returned to
Michigan and succeeded in interesting
the rest of the heirs to his fathers
estate in the communal idea. They
agreed that no finer or better location
for the community could be found
than on the farm of the late Capt.
Gibson. So the Gibsons organized a
stock company. with capital stock
representing real estate placed at the
lowest possible figure. The eight heirs
We're the shareholders.
Gibson desired to run the community
on a purely cooperative basis, but
Longley, being an out-and-out COM
munist, did not join the ENTERPRISE.
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

lar scale divided into milimetres is
one Of the most important OF all the
steps ia the Bertillon system. Mr.
Townsend said that great care was
always taken 10 have il exact One
foot Of the compass is braced against
the root OF the nose and the other
moved over the back Of the skull in
search OF the point of greatest depth
When this is reached, the compass is
set and again applied TO see II the
foot can be moved freely all over the
back Of the head without coming 10
point which IL can not pass II such
point Is reached. evidently there is a
greater depth than the one before reg
istcred and another trial is made.
The measurement of the head, " ex.
planned MIR. Townsend. lis of great
Importance, because II is one of the
surcst means az Identification. A
tricky criminal may shrink his stature
or expand mis- chest but il IS impossi-
bic for him TO subtract from the
breadth and length % his skull
After the head. the right ear was
measured and It's length aud breadth
recorded and any popularity regard
ing II was noted The nose was the
next feature demanding the examiners
attention. no less than six different
measurements Of this organ being
taken, Its length, breadth projection
from the face and width at root and
base being among them. and besides
All this, note was made 81 its prcu-
liaritics Then the prisoner was re-
questcd 10 stand with his forearm
resting on the table and its measure
mcnt was taken. also that OF his left
hand, forcdngcr and little finger
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

Ladies who do considerable sewing
frequently suffer a great deal from
soreness of the mouth and lips, and are
often ut loss to ascertain the cause
OF the trouble Half the time 1t is sim
ply the result OF biting off thread in
stead of using a pair Of scissors for
cutting. In the case of silk thread the
danger is quite marked, because it is
usual 60 soak the thread in acetate of
lead, partly to harden IL and give il a
good surface, and also, perhaps, to in
crease It's weight somewhat. II this
practice Of biting thread is followed
regularly, and very much silk thread
so used. the results may be quite seri-
ius, and even lead TO blood.pois oning
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
ND ennerintend,

she superintends. City Treasurer
james Nelson, who is the owner of
the quarry, which is at the lower part
of Burnet street. is practical philan-
thropist, as well as man Of means
The problem of providing work for
the unemployed of New Brunswick
has been studied carefully by Mr.
Nelson, and he finally concluded TO
open his quarry to those who could
not get more congenial work than
breaking stone in winter TO do do
Nearly sixty men were at work in
the stone quarry when New York
sun reporter visited it day or two
ago. At one side of the quarry. over
seeing the work, was Miss Margaret
Foley. She is tall slender, pleasant
faced woman, with keen twinkle in
her bright blue eyes which bespeaks
her ready Irish wit The lines of her
mouth indicates the firmness which
fits her for her place of foreman. AL
though about thirty years of age. she
looks much younger, but she calls her
self "a genuine old maid. "
Miss Foley lives in little brick cot
tage just in front of the quarry. She
was born in New Brunswick and until
the quarry was opened supported her
self by working in one of the factories
The reporter was taken through the
quarry by Miss Foley, who explained
the way tine work was done
Don't call me forewoman or super
intendent, said she, Il will tell you
just what do. keep a record of the
men engaged in the work, and watch
them TO see that the stone is broken
up TO the proper size, which / Judge
by passing the stone through the iron
ring. The stone is shoyeled in half
square yard measure, in the shape of
an open box, and / credit each man
with the amount earned.
Sometimes some of the men put
large pieces in, but of course take
Thorn out, and they have to break
them up TO the required size Really
there is not so much to do, although
il is buster than we thought il would
be. When the quarry was first opened
only few men were put TO work, but
now we have quite gang. Mr. Neil
son asked me TO take charge of the
work. You see we rent the cottage
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
Foreign visitors at the Worlds Fair.

Foreign Visitors at the Worlds Fair
An examination of steamship statistics
for 500 shows that the Chicago Fair
failed to attract to the United States
any extraordinary number of foreign
tourists, As matter OF fact, the
number of cabin passengers landing at
the port of New York last year was
only SIS greater than the number who
landed in lS9.. 1t is known, however.
that there was falling off in the
number of American tourists to
Europe, and as fewer Americans went
abroad, fewer returned, and the fact
that there was an actual increase
in the number of cabin passengers ar
irving from foreign ports is evil
dence that a'larger number of foreign
ers landed than in former years, But
this number was nothing like as much
rs was expected. The number of i'm
migrants arriving in the United States
in 1898 was 35,GOI less than in lsg2.
There was more Italian immigration
than any other nationality. The
Italians numbered %, GA, the Germans
55,gSi, and the Irish 80, 236. Statistics
as to the financial standing of the
emigrants have been kept in detail
only since July /, 1898. Since then
50, 100, 900 was brought into the country
by the immigrants
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

eeeulhgIy lonely. MRS c. DRAYToN.
A ride in Central Park and an occa-
sional visit of school girl friend have
been her only diversions, except for
the interest she takes in a number of
poor proteges.
Mrs. Drayton's health has not beer.
of the best, it is stated, for few
months past She seems languid and
weak Her old time vivacity seems to
have deserted her entirely. This fact
will be source of regret to many New
Workers in humble life as well as TO
members of the upper ten. For Mrs
Drayton remains the one member of
the Aston family who has succeeded in
making herself liked by all members
of society, poor as well as rich.
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

According to Sir Henry Howorth,
the Arctic lands, during the Pleisto-
Gene period, instead of being over
whelmcd by glacial climate, We're
under comparatively mild conditions.
Since pleistocene times the climate has
been growing more and more severe.
The author bases this conclusion on n
study of the Arctic flora rs displayed
in Greenland, Spitzbcrgcn and the UNI
covered moraine of the great glacier
in Alaska, and also upon certain
faunal facts. He cites evidence to
show that the present flora of Green
land is undoubtedly n relic of an old
flora which has survived in favorable
localities, and not an importation
since glacial times The same is
true of the Spitzbergen flora,
The discovery of n colony Of
sea cows on Behring's island
seems TO indicate recently milder
climate in that region The peculiar
types of northern migratory birds sug-
gests that Mt no very remote period
they lived the year round in their
present brecullg plHeeS IA huA 'iNl "a
Siberia, Greenland and Spitabergen,
and that It IS the present ever-increas-
ing cold that leads them to migrate in
search of warmth and food. In short
Che only glacial climate we are war
ranted in supposing toeNist in the Arc
tic lands is that which is now current
and II is the product of changes in the
level Of the earth's crust since pleisto'
como timcS
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

received under his
will was not phe-
nomenally heavy.
would seem to be in
poor health. This
will surprise many.
Mrs. Drayton has
an excellent con-
stitution, but the
persecution she has
been subjected to
in the past two
years has told upon
her health. She
has been residing
in the fine house
which was long oc-
eupied by young
John Jacob Astor
and his wife. Her
life has been ex-
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

and bound 10 become in the course of
time, when thoroughly established IN
all the cities Of this country and an
interchange system inaugurated'
terror % the largest magnitude to all
classes 81 criminals, says the Phila'
de!ph.a Times
Although years may pass after
a nan re- ease from prison before he
j. Hga!u arrested and his criminal his
tory bs almost II not quite forgotten,
the scientific identification Of the Ber-
tilion system Is sure 10 reveal his iden-
tiiy and give his criminal record Of the
past, despite thousand protestations
Of previous good conduct aud his claim
OF first ofcnse After man or
woman oucc passes through the ordeal
81 ~ Bpr,lllon's method OF identified
tiun they are forever spotted. They
may grow old, etfaee tattooing or other
maras on their bodies, compress
their chests, dye their hair reduce
their weight extract their teeth, in
fac; do anything aud everything they
can drvse 10 destroy their identity,
but Al. 20 no purpose-the record
against :Gem is nnf1iling. They can not
pass the Hertillon examination II they
live 70 be one hundred years old with.
out recognition,
When tHc system Was first adopted
ia Philadelphia in 1899. the apparatus
required ior taking the various meas
urrmcGis ~ criminals was placed IN
small room adjoining the cell room on
tine sixth hoor of the city hall.
Il was soon discovered, how
ever TIA; this space was no, suih-
Client. ard the public building com
mgssioucrs were asked Tor room on
the 4eventh foor which was granted.
In order 20 secure IA good light with
which % make the photographs a
large section 81 the roof was removed
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

money kings and queens than any sin
gle American clergyman, for nearly
all the wealthy and fashionable mag
mates belong to his denomination,
from the Astors down
This circumstance has led to the cir
culation Of facetious rhyme about
the bishops connection with con-
stituency that may yet be troubled by
something that has to do with the eye
OF needle However, the bishop
seems to bear his great responsibility
fairly we'll -New York Press
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

The following facts are significant;
Mississippi takes one patent for every
70, 4jD of her population; Connecticut,
one for every LOIS of hers; South Caro-
lima, one for every 95,400; Mussachu-
sets, one for 1853; North Carolina,
one for every Fl, 9sS Rhode Island, one
for /, Iei; Georgia takes one for every
l4,st; and New York one for 1898
Alabama takes one for every lS,457,
Illinois one for 1914. University
Quarterly,
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

abroad If it is not
at home, and the
tributes to his ge-
MUS paid him in
England " oul d
have turned the
head of a man less
sensible. The Arch
bishop Of Canter-
bury made the most
fiattering illusions
to him in a recent
sermon, and the
other prelates in
the house of lords
n a V e expressed
I h e m 5 e lives in
terms equally fat
tering. j S h o p
p otter proba bly,
guards the con-
sciences of more
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

voting the property
to the interests of
a communal S %
ciety. G. w. Glib
son, the president
and promoter of
I h e community,
when touring in
California a fe "
years ago. became
interested in the
celebrated Kaweah
community at the
foot of the noun
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

of the community, Children will be
clothed and educated until they are
is wears old. when they may join the
community.
A reporter recently visited Gibson
Vile. No more picturesque place
could be imagined than the spot Sc
lected for the home of the new society.
The buildings are substantial enough
to serve all purposes Mt the start but
will be replaced by larger and more
expensive ones Us the community be-
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

very confident that they are headed in
the right direction. They expect to
realize the dreams of Bellamy to dis
cover the panacea for the ills of COM
planning industrial classes Here
neither poverty nor want may cross
the threshold Here there will be
neither rich nor poor Here panics
will be unknown and suffering impos-
sible. All will share in the happiness
of life equally and the most that is
expected of any man is that he shall
pitch in and work. Drones and lag
CARDS will not be tolerated, and. if ad-
mitted as members. will be summarily
expelled as enemies of the well-being
of the community.
Gibsonville will immortalize the
name of the original Gibson. the late
Capt Gibson, who took up several
hundred acres of government land,
and on it settled down to the life of a
pioneer years before the screech of
the iron horse was heard between
Saginaw and Detroit
A few years ago Capt. Gibson died,
leaving a fine estate TO his large
family of children, who are now de-
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
80 ,llm tn nhln.lnr.

Mr., Richfcllo Cdolefullyl--l hear that
Miss Heauii is engaged to Mr.. Good
heart.
Miss Prctti An uonsense' II is not
true.
Mr.. Riehfe1lo tcxcitcdiy)---Are you
sure?
Miss Pretti Absolutely is,
unless Mr.. Goodhcart has fallen heir
60 fortune lately
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
Shakespeare No SLOUGH.

Bowery BILL just tell yer, this
Teller Shakespeare amt no SLOUGH.
Mulberry Milie-Wot yer givin us?
I'm givin' it to yer straight What
ails YOU is low down ignorance. You
amt got no education, that's what's the
matter with you You amt cultivated.
You never saw Shakespeare's AS Yer
Like It, did yer?'
Nav.
well, did. an it had in il one Of
Their best catch-as catchcan wrestlin'
matches ! ever saw.
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
THE GIBSON COMMUNE
NEW Co-oPERATIvE INDUSTRY
WORKS IN MICHIGAN.
Baskets and Brooms Form the Limit of
the Present Output-No Hard Times
There-An Are Happy and Contented
with Their Surroundings.

H f QU AIN 7
town of Gibson
vile, Mich. three
miles from Flint, is
the home of the
newest organized
community whose
members hope to
attain the acme of
earthly happiness
on the cooperative
plan. They are
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
BERTILLON SYSTEM.
HOW CRIMINALS ARE BEING
IDENTIFIED.
Tho Old Plan of Photography Being
Gradually Displaced by the Never
Failing Measnrement Method which
Originated la France.

II Il IA NJ o U s
Bertillon system
OF measuring
crooks" has now
been sufficiently
long IN operation
for our police
officials 10 have
positively deter
mined that ii Is one
OF the greatest
schemes OF the age.
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

briefly stated by Consul Connolly, is;
First, graduated land tax. The
property tax was repealed in 1891,
having proved to be grievous burden.
All improvements on land up to SIS. 600
were exempt, all above were taxed.
The deduction of mortgages and of
improvements to this amount rendered
very many owners of land exempt
from land tax. In addition to the or
binary land tax graduated tax is
levied and for this all improvements
are deducted, but an owner is not al
lowed to make any deductions for
mortgages held against him, and he
has not to include in his return any
mortgage held by him. This tax is only
laid upon lands exceeding in value
Ss5, 600, less improvements, and ranges
from + pence to . pence per pound
sterling.
Absentee landlords are taxed 90 per
cent in addition and this is considered
justifable, as there are many large
owners living in England and drawing
large incomes from the colony with
out recompense There is also an in
come tax in which there are many eX-
emptionS For instance. all incomes
from mortgages and rents from land
or produce of land derived by the
owner or occupier are exempt. The
result is that only small proportion
of the people pay this tax, which
though conceded to be just is regarded
with aversion, owing to its inquisitorial
character Close scrutiny of the lists
has been repaid by many additions
The graduated tax on land values
over Sa5, 600 was intended to compel
possessors of large estates or specula-
tive holders to subdivide and offer the
land for settlement The consul says
it is having the desired effect and
many of the immense estates are being
offered to the government at their tax
values while others are being cut up
in farms and offered at auction.
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

ence with the mar
riage or family re-
lations of its mem.
bers, nor with their
religious, political
or other opinions,
All men and women
are to be placed on
an equal footing
socially, in bust
ness life and in all
matters pertaining
10 The government
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02
THE NEWEST FIELD
IN WHICH WOMEN FIND COM
PENSATIvE WORK.
IL Is Nothing Less Than a Stone Quarry
How Margaret Foley Manages a
Gang OF Breakers Over which She Is
Foreman.

II Z WOMEN OF
the west may be in
terested to know of
the invasion by one
Of their sex of a
new field of activ-
ity. The invader is
Miss M Margaret
Il ole y of Ne W
Brunswick, n. J.
The new field is a
stone quarry, which
Blackfoot news. (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1891-1902, 1894-06-02

1t was decided to place the mem.
bership at first at ell, and the shares
at $40 each Each member, in order
to create an interest in the financial
part of the community, should be re-
quired to purchase ten shares each,
No member can purchase more than
ten shares
The purpose of the community, as
stated in its bylaws, is to conduct the
business of agriculture, manufactur-
ing and merchandising for the mutual
benefit of all its members, and to al
low equal rights and privileges
to all. both men and women; to
conduct its business in accord
ance with instructions of a ma
ioritv vote; to so conduct its business
that each, according to his or her abil-
ity. can be employed at all times in
some productive industry, thereby be-
ing able to furnish to all good home.
with comforts and pleasant surround
ings: to abolish want or the anticipa-
tions of want.
Every member is expected 70 devote
his or her entire efforts, time and prop
erty for the benefit of all the men,
bers and to receive according to their
needs, in health and sickness in youth
and age, governed by the eommunity's
ability to furnish,
m : -, ,,,,,,,;4,. ,,,alyaS no iuterfpr-