Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1894-05-12
EDUCATIONAL.
Meeting of County rraclers-irorram'
Of Literary Exercise, at Twelfth
aud Lowell schools.

NulNtIHlAN bulluluk Nulh uOlulUks
Prot Whiting oonusuud his subject
upon botany, combining himself 10
methods Of fertilization and 10 ffuiiagc.
A brief synopsis is here given;
PROV wui1iSu OK nlTANY.
After a brief review " the lecture
given two weeks ago. tue subject VI the
day, flowers, was taken up by Prof.
Whiting. The abstract VI his lecture
was "a f0llows.
Many people suppose that the end
anu aim Of botany are to eu tie oue 10
determine the name OF any plant
which ho may chance TO IND. While
10 j. unwlse 10 undervalue this Import.
ant part u the science, it ~ by no
means 10 be- supposed that this IL all,
DO even the most useful thing which IL
10 be learned from study VI plants.
The name should always be subOfdi.
uhiu 10 knowledge Ut the object.
one may have vast vocabulary Of
botanical names aud know how " use
them, ana still not be- bltunisi, or he
may know very few technical terms,
tut have an intimate acquaintance
with nature, and be- gOoI bOtauisi.
rhe true teacher OF natural science IL
rapidly learning that text book IL to
be- used IN n servant anu not aa a mas
ter. rhe book which must be con-
stanily referred 10 Il the great book Of
nature, which is always wide open Tor
All who have eyes 10 see.
IA flower ~ whole may be regarded
IS a shortened branch, aud tho dll'f.
ont parts VI the blossom IRE modified
leaves. The outer envelope VI the
II iwer Il the oalyG, this ls usually
green Ia color. The next inner On.
yclope H. the corolla. Inside OF the
cofolla are found the siamens and en-.
closed ~ the stamens " the pistil
fhe stamens aud pistils are absolutely
necessary Tor the production Of the
seed, aud they are known A. the g.
sen.ial organs. The calyx and cofolla
are sometimes both absent, nud SOME
times only the calyx IL present
Different iiIwefs were examined 10
note the various ways la which the
siAmens are attached 10 other parts Of
the flower, anu some time was spent In
explaining the physiological use Of
b0tn stamens anu pistils. The aid
Afforded ~ flowers by insects was also
discussed, ana the unity Of nature and
tue mutual dependence Of all depart.
munIs were strongly insisted upon.
Following Mr. Holtgavs a rendition
ola humorous selection, which was
well received.
Miss brotherhood made an address
upon "Thu Application OF Modern
Views Of Education 10 Geography and
Drawing" She spoke substantially
as folluws.
ADDRIss ny MISS BROTHERHOOD.
Following Il synopsis Of an addreiH
by Miss brotherhood on tue application
Of modern views Of education 10 ge0g.
faphy AMI drawing, continued, ueliy-
cred before the county teachers at the
meeting held 10 tue Univrrsity build.
ing this forenoon;
True education concentrates all
knowledge upon the one central study,
that Of human lie and human develop.
ment. To this study all tile elementary
sciences with history anu geography
are essential aud must be- taught
throughout the whole common school
course. Geography IL the STUDY OF the
preparation u life and Of the material
basis which explains all life, A. such
u includes all tue natural sciences, but
in the limited sense Of separate sub.
Jet OF study, geography 10 absorption
VI the eatth'H surface.
TIE ultimate end Oi teaching geog.
rphy IA TO develop In the nina a con.
cvpt corresponding 10 the eaIth's sur.
face. lheelemeutaty course previously
outlined should not only cultivate
powers Of observation nnd OF reason.
ing, but should train the imagination
TO form clear images Of the larger
features Of geography. When pupils
have clear mental pictures OF hiils,
valleys, stfoams, lakes, ISLANDS, etc,
ani understand the work OF
all the agencies that have
changed and are changing the surface,
they are prepared to conceive Of the
continent IN which all these are united.
the division Of the subject into ele.
men,ary geography anu scientific
geography Is not an arbitrary one, but
h based upon a law Ut mental growth.
In the elementary course the teach
iug Is inuucuve, leading from ObsrIva.
ton ~ separate fOrmB TO classification
according 10 charACteristlc-, position,
manner " formation, etc., uuuI tue
maj classification IL the slope AZ the
organism for life. Ia scientific
geography the s1udy Of the continent
begins with the geneTalizlti0us
reached In the primary course.
The simplest presentation Of the
continent then, IL that Of one appraised
mass with rs twu slopes. The pupils
are able by comparison with previous
knowledge 10 picture the Rocky Noun.
tam range, height sud slopes; then by
Imaginary Journeys aud description
the Appalachian range anu the great
liver basiu-. by THUS adding new
features an the continent In stu lrd In
detail following each step hy M dellng
dfAWiug and writing, tue whDie VIII
be adequately perceived and liked "a
The mini, II nance Of localities are
given us the study proceeds, they are
not forgotten, aui "a basis is laid with
great economy Of tine for political
geography Auu history.
Win kuDwlelgrOf structure a. the
foundation, these sta lies arc not Gully
made sim lr aud iutulugiblu, uut also
i1teuasly interesting.
Al the rlDsr OF the exercises "A hearty
vote uf thanks was given 10 Pr.L
Waiting, Miss brotherhood, Pro.
Stewart Prof kinvsuury aud Me-
Hoiton Tor instruction given IN th
series OF meetings held during the past
year
TWELFTH SCHOOL ENEUOIsEs.