davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
MODERN SURGERY.
The Large Part That Absolute CIcanIiness
Plays In Its Operations.

There are three locations, so to speak,
the absolute cleanliness Of which must
be above suspicion before the operator is
justified in proceeding to his work.
These are the surgeons hands, his in
struments and the integument covering
the part of the patients body at which
the operation il about to be performed.
How is the requisite cleanliness in each
case secured? SO far as the hands are
concerned, by profuse scrubbing with u
nailbrush in soap and hot water, fol-
lowed by thorough drenching in some
antiseptic solution, rs that of in ., 900
Of perchloride of mercury SO far rs
the instruments are concerned, by ster-
ilizing them-that is, by boiling them
in water or by passing them through
the flame of spirit lamp or placing
them in steam sterilizer, and then,
when the operator is ready to begin, by
putting them into receptacle contain
ing an antiseptic solution-as, for exam
pie, that of carbolic acid Lastly, so
far as the patients integument is con-
cerned, by washing the part first thor
oughly with soap and water, having
previously shaved it, if necessary, and
afterward with q perchloride of mercu-
ry solution, or, if the part be greasy,
by removing all the greasy material by
scrubbing it with ether.
Without going into further details
these are the cardinal precepts of the
science of operating in the present day
OF course each wound which in this
manner is made under aseptic condi-
tions, as it is called, is kept aseptic by
the use of antiseptic dressings until
healing has taken place. The result Of
this method Of treatment of wounds are
nothing less than wonderful in compar-
ison with those which the earlier sur
geons were able to obtain. What hap
pens after, say, the amputation of a
limb nowadays? The rule is nothing
nothing, that is to say, beyond the un-
eventful convalescence of the patient.
The dressings are not touched unless
the temperature and the pulse Of the pa
tient indicate, by some disturbance, that
it would be expedient to examine the
wound The temperature and the pulse
are the surgeons guide. He takes his
cue from them. Nothing can be amiss
in the wound if these remain normal,
and thus it follows that large wound,
such as that following an amputation,
heals soundly from first to last without
any suppuration. What a contrast with
that which obtained in former days!
Suppuration was then thought to be an
indispensable part of the healthy proc
ess Of healing. In the present time, on
the contrary, a surgeon is held to have
failed in his practice of the principles of
surgical cleanliness if, in wounds orig
inally aseptic, suppuration occurs. -
Nineteenth Century.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
Roman Standards.

In the Roman army there was q very
highly developed system of military en-
signs, which, just as among modern ma
tions, were regarded not merely as q
rallying point for given body of men,
but rs an emblem of the state, and wero
therefore surrounded with veneration
which degeneratod into idolatry. From
tactical point of view, the Roman
standards were of more Importance than
the flag at the present day, for the
movements of the troops were entirely
regulated by them.
According as they were raised and
carried forward, planted in the ground
or turned toward tho rear, in obedience
to tho sounds Of tho horns Of the "cor-
nicines," the army broke up its camp
and marched on retreated and halted.
In the camp the standards were planted
before the generals tent, where their
presence sanctifed the spot as though it
were temple and rendered it a safe de-
pository for the booty collected by the
legion. 1t was to the standards the sol
diers swore allegiance, and the first
step of pretender who sought to be-
come emperor was to seize the stand
ards, rs he thereby secured the fidelity
of tho legion. All the Year Round.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
PICKETT AND THE ARCHIVES.
Tho Light Turned on n Hidden Chapter OF
Wartime History.


Frank Riggs, the son of the famous
banker and his fathers successor in the
financial circles at Washington, tells
me an interesting story that corrccts
false impression which many good peo-
pie have carried for years. During the
second term Of President Grast man
of the name of Pickett sold to the gov
ernment of the Uni,ed States the rec
ords of the executive departments Of
the southern confedcracy. From these
documents was obtained much evidence
that prevented the payment of claims
of southern citizens who pretended 10y
atty for losses growing out of the war.
In single instance they saved several
millions by showing that mail contract
ors throughout the south had been paid
from the Confederate treasury for serv-
ices performed by them for the postoflice
department Of the United States before
tho outbreak of the rebellion. They
proved to be of great value in many 9TH
or directions, and the price paid Mr.
Pickett for them, which was some
thing like $50, 900, proved to be one of
the most profitable investments ever
made by the government.
Pickett had been the chief clerk of
the Confederate state department or
held some similar Office which made
him custodian of the archives. When
President Davis and his cabinet fed
from Richmond, Mr.. Pickett carted the
records away and hid them in some
place that escaped the searchers Of the
Union army, and the manner of their
disappearance was mystery until they
were delivered to Secretary Fish. 1t
was always believed that Mr.. Pickett
pocketed the money, and he was uni
versally condemned by southern people
for betraying the secrets of the lost
cause for price.
"The facts have never been told"
said Mr.. Riggs, for Mr.. Pickett exact
ed the strictest pledges of secrecy from
my father in regard to the disposition
of the money. But both of them are
dead now, and there is no reason why
the truth should not be known. Mr..
Pickett never had the benefit of one
penny Of the money he received from
the government for those records. He
deposited the entire amount as soon as
he received it in our bank to the credit
of George w. Riggs, trustee for, and
it was distributed in small amounts
among the widows of Confederate Off
GERS. Mr.. Pickett made out the list Of
the people to whom he wished it sent
The checks were all signed by my IA
ther. Each one was accompanied by q
letter, which he prepared and which my
father signed, saying that the inclosure
was forwarded at the request of gen.
tleman who felt an interest in their
welfare, but for reasons of his own de-
sired that his identity should not be
disclosed. The account was carried for
several years, and all the checks and
vouchers are now packed away in our
bank '-Chicago Record,
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
Iailroon Ttmr Cables.
BUFFALO. ROCHESTER, e. PITTS
- BURGH RAILWAY.

The short line between Dubois, Ridgway,
Bradford. Salamanca, Buffalo, Rochester,
Niagara Falls and points In the upper oil
region.
on and after June 18th, 1891, passen-
ger trains will arrive and depart from Falls
Creek station, daily, except sunday, rs fol-
lows:
40 p. NJ. and 530 y. m.-Accommodations
from punNsutawney and big Run.
$3.50 A. M.-Bulfalon and Rochester mail-For
Brockwayville, Rldgway ,Johnsonburg, Mt;
Jcwctt, Bradford Salamanca, Buffalo and
Rochester: connecting at JOhnsonburg
with l.. & T.. train 3 for Wilcox, Kane,
Warren, Cory and Erie.
1O:53 a. M.-AccommodatiOn- Sykes,
Big Run and PunNsutawncy.
2:2O i. M.--Bradfurd Accommodation-For
Becchtrce, Brockwayvillc, Ellmont, Car
mon, Ridgway, Johnsonburg, Mt. Jewctt
and Bradford.
$40 +. M.-Mall-For Dubois, Sykes Big
Run. PunNsutawnCy aud Malston.
Passengers are requested to purchase tick
cts before entering the cars. An excess
charge OF Ten Cents will be collected by con-
ductors when fares are paid ON trains, from
all stations whCrc ticket Office Is maintained.
Thousand mile tickets nj two cents per
mile, good for passage between all stations.
j. II. MCINTYRE. Agent Falls creek, Pa.
X. G.. MATHEWS T.. G. LAPEY
General Supt. Gen. Pas Agent
Buffalo, y. Y. Rochester y. Y
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01

Xerxes Jones determined to quit smok-
ing, not, you know, that it had any
baneful influence upon his health, but
solely for tho reason that he didn't feel
justified in spending 20 cents day for
the weedy luxury. Jones had good
disposition and began his new scheme
Oh Sunday. "Seeing I've quit smoking,
I'll put an extra quarter in the collec-
tion box today" he mused, and i'll the
money went
On Monday, just to please his little
wife, good Jones bought a 40 cent box of
mixtures and handed it over with the
remark: "No, my dear, it's no extrava-
gance. Just about what 1 saved on ci-
gars today, and we both can enjoy this
after tea." Tuesday Jones bought 90
cent toy for his little boy out of the
cash saved by abstinence from tobacco.
Wednesday he changed his dining place
down town from a 25 cent to a so cent
table d'hote, feeling justified in spend
ing the extra quarter saved on cigars.
Apparently forgetting this ON Thurs
day, the reformer remarked to himself:
"There's that new umbrella my wife's
been talking about. I'll buy that and
charge it up to two weeks savings ON
smoke " On Friday new dinner set
was purchased to please the wife Of his
heart and set over against 30 weeks
savings from tobacco, and on Saturday
Xerxes Jones spent 25 cents for cigars,
having lost six days of his luxury, and
figured up that he had Saved" ON the
wrong side of his books just about
$38. 90.-Philadelphia Call.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
NUMBER II.
HIS FIRST ATTEMPT.
A ABacheiors Highly Interesting Experience
In the TribuIations of housekeeping.

In the Tribulations of housekeeping.
81 am passing through novel and ex-
ceedingly interesting, even il not highly
agreeable, experience just now," said
young newspaper man at one Of the
down town offices this morning. ''I am
going through the tribulations OF the
housekeeping side of marital life, al
though have never yet led bride to
the chancel rail- Yesterday all my folks
went away to the seashore, leaving only
myself, the youngest of the family, and
my sister, who is noxt older than me,
to assume the cares of the household.
Neither of us has had any experience in
this line, and the results bid fair TO be
amusing, if nothing more, especially in
the matter of preparing for breakfast,
as both of us are late sloepers This
morning the first break occurred,
and thus it happened. The servant is
due at about @ o'clock in tho morning,
and as l am n sound sleeper instructed
her to ring the bell vigorously and not
to go away if she was not very prompt
ly admitted, and also told my sister,
If she heard the bell, to awaken me,
and would let the girl in. Last night
was up till O'Clock writing, and con-
sequently four hours later was in the
soundest of my slumbers when the ice
man came and left q cube of his wares
ON the steps. just afterward the serv-
ant came and applied for admission. At
first her vigorous rings on the loud
gong, which is only one flight of stairs
away from my room, produced no i'm
preston on my morning slumbers, but
she followed my instructions and con-
tinued conscientiously to make that bell
startle the whole neighborhood except
myself and sister, whose alarm clock
also did not have the slightest effect Of
driving away unconsciousness.
"At last was partially aroused so that
the ringing of the bell caused me to
dream of fire engines, and in few sec
onds all the horrors of a destructive fire
passed through my reviving brain, and
saw myself running and shouting and
the engine steaming, and the firemen
pursuing their heroic work of rescue
Then--I suppose her arm was tired
the faithful servant pulled slow, steady
strokes, and instantly my dream
changed, and found myself on rail
way station going to join the family at
the seaside. Suddenly these visions
were dispelled, and the stern reality of
the occasion was forced upon my un-
willing mind as / reluctantly jumped
up and removed the bars that hindered
the servants entrance She was quite
cheerful over the affair and said she
had not been kept waiting for more than
10 minutes. Truly, the way of the head
of the house is pleasant. Washington
Star.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
DENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
IN EFFECT NOV. 10, 1893.

Philadelphia & Erie Railroad Division Time
Table. Trains leave Driftwood.
EASTWARD
1904 Miriam $, daily except Sunday for
Sunbury, Harrisburg and intermediate sta
tlons, arriving at Philadelphia $3.50 p. M,
New York, i0:OS y. M; Baltimore, 7;20 p. m.
Washington, S:31 y. M. Pullman parlOr ear
from Willamsport and passenger coachcs
from Kane TO Philadelphia.
1899 =. M,-Train q, daily except Sunday for
Harrisburg and intermediate stations, ar
riving nt Philadelphia 1880 A. NJ; New York,
7:33 a. NJ. Through coach from Dubois TO
Williamsport. Pullman Sleeping cars from
Harrisburg to Philadelphia and New York,
Philadelphia passengers can remain In
sleeper undlsturbcd until 200 A.. NJ
9;35 =, M.-Tran 4, daily for Sunbury, Harris
burg and intermediate stations arriving at
A. NJ; Baltimore, 500 A. NJ; Washington, 1880
AN. Pullman cars from Erie and Willin
port TO Philadelphia. Passengers In sleeper
transferred into Washington sleeper at Har-
rlsburg. Passenger coaches from Erie TO
Philadelphia and Williamsport to Balti-
WESTWARD
7:32 A. M.-Train /, daily except Sunday for
Ridgway Dubois, Clermont and inter
mediate stations. Leaves Ridgway ut $500
$3.50 A. M.--Train 3, daily for Erie and inter-
mediate points.
6:27 T.. M.--Train II, daily except Sunday for
Kane and intermediate stations.
THROUGH TRAINS FOR DRIFTWOoD
FROM THE EAST AND SOUTH
TRAIN II leaves Philadelphia $3.50 A. M;
Washington, $50 A. Nj; Baltimore, s:45 A. NJ.
Wilkesbarrc, 1918 A. NJ; daily except sun
day, arriving at Driftwood at 6:27 T.. VI. with
Pul Imam Parlor car from Philadelphia TO
Williamsport.
TRAIN leaves New York at s p. M; Phila-
delphia, go p. m; Washington, 1910 n. M (;
baltimore, ll:4O p. M; daily arriving at
Driftwood NJ $3.50 u. m. Pullman sleeping
cars from Philadelphia TO Erie and from
Washington and Baltimore to Wllllamsport
and through passenger coaches from Philu-
delphla TO Erie and Baltimore to Williams
port and TO Dubois.
TRAIN leaves Remove at G:35 II. M, daily
except Sunday, arriving ut Driftwood 1:32
n. m.
JOHNSONBURG RAILROAD.
DAILY except Sunday
TRAIN 10 leaves Ridgway NJ D;40 Il. M; John
sonburg Ut O;55 II. M, arriving at Clermont
at 10i5 AL
TRAIN 90 leaves Clermont at 1885 II. m. ar
rlvlng ut Johnsonburg at 1l:40 u. m. and
Ridgway ut 1885 a. m.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
Eskimos and Tobacco.

"There are many interesting features
about the Eskimos of Alaska" said A.
@. Bruce, who is in charge Of Lake
Charles Reindeer station, at the Gibson.
"One Of the most interesting features
Of this peculiar people to me has been
their habit Of smoking. They are invet-
crate smokers without regard to sex.
Their pipes are made Of walrus tusks
and are followed out in such q manner
that great deal of the tobacco as we'll
as the smoke is inhaled. They will meet
every whaling or other vessel, and al
most any kind of trade can be made
for smoking tobacco. They will deliver
up the ivory Of the walrus at very much
less than its value and take in exchange
smoking tobacco at several times its real
worth. The greatest punishment you
can infiict upon an Eskimo is to deprive
him of his tobacco "-Cincinnati En-
luirer.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
She'd Had Enough of Them.

Don't you say word to mo about
them life insurance companies" said
old Mrs. Redhot the other day. "They
aren't any good for poor, common folks.
Only rich folks and big bugs can do
anything with 'em. Why, when my
husband lay here with fever two years
ago, sent for the agent of an assurance
company to come and insure him for
81, 900 right away, and, do you know,
that there agent never came near me,
and my poor husband up and died.
Don't talk to me about life insurance.
It's all raudr'-Pomona Progress.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
HE WAS A HUSTLER.
The Opportunity Was n Golden One, and
He Hastened to Grasp 1t.


The Opportunity Was Golden One, and
He Hastened to Grasp 1t.
When Major General Schofield went
to Keolluk, Ia, and married one of the
bellies Of that town, Miss Kilbourne, an
amusing incident occurred which Ar
thur Clarke, business manager Of John
Drew, the comedian, enjoys telling
about. 1t appears that Mr. Clarke's ia
ther is editor and proprietor of Keo-
kuk's leading paper, The Gate City, and
in his counting room he has particu-
larly energetic Hebrew, by name Joe
Klein. Joseph is hustler in every
sense of the word, and the day is bleak
indeed when he gets left. He heard of
the approaching wedding Of Miss Kill
bourne with the distinguished officer,
and early on the morning of the date
set for the happy event he called at the
Kilbourne homestead, rang the doorbell
and inquired for Mrs. Kilbourne, moth
er of the bride. He was informed by
the servant who answered his ring that
Mrs Kilbourne was very much engaged
at the time, but he insisted that he
must see her on very important bust
ness. In moment she came half way
down the front stairs. She knew Mr..
Klein very well, as people always know
each other in small towns, and when
she saw him at the door she said:
81 can't see you now, joe I'm dress
ing for the wedding. Call another
time"
but / can't" said Mr.. Klein. 81
want you to present mo to Major Gen
eral Schofield. / must meet him.
'That is impossible, Joe, said Mrs.
Kilbourne 1.-THE general is dressing
for the church" But the soldier had
overheard the controversy from an up
per landing, and rather than create
trouble he came down and was duly
presented.
General Schofield," began Klein
impressively, "do you realize that you
are about to take from us one Of the
fairest flowers we have in Keokuk? Do
you know that when she goes hence
with you she will long for news of her
old neighbors? In order that she may be
really made happy by these tidings l
ask you now to place your honored name
upon the subscription list of The Gate
City, which is the best paper in Iowa.
Our rates are IS for the daily per an
nun and 81. 80 for the weekly. Think
of your young bride" And there were
tears in Klein's voice as he pleaded for
recognition.
''Mr. Klein" said the general after
regarding the business manager with
undisguised admiration for several min
utes "I do not hesitate to proclaim that
you are a wonder. You deserve success
Come in, and we will have q bottle of
wine together. will not subscribe for
your daily, but you may put me down
for your 81. 30 weekly" and The Week
ly Gate City now finds its way from
KeolSuk to General Schofield's house
hold with great regularity.-Chicago
Times
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
A Campaign Relic.

A relic of the presidential campaign
Of 1884, consisting of copper coin is
sued by the opponents of Andrew Jack
son, is in the possession Of Ira H. Ben
jamin Of Romeo, Mich. On one side,
encircling the CENTER are the words;
Perish Credit. Perish Commerce.
1884" In the center is the figure of a
hog running, with the words, my
Third Heat" ON it, Above the hog,
"My Victory" Below it, "Down With
the Bank. 4" On the other side, encir-
cling the center, are the words. my
Substitute For the U. s. Bank. In the
center is medallion Of Jackson, and
below it the words: Experiment My
Currency. My Glory. Chicago Her
aid.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01

prosecuting witness is willing not to
appear against my patient would ask
to have him discharged. His parents
have agreed to let me perform another
operation ON him, and l feel assured
that l can render him a service which
will make an honest man of him. As
he now is he will continue to grow
worse, and there is nothing before him
except q prison, for steal he will until
his offense becomes such that he will 20
to the penitentiary, where his opportu-
mites may be minimized, but his desire
to steal will continue.to grow.
well" concluded the drummer
"this sort of thing knocked out the
court and everybody else but the prison
err was turned over to the physician as
his patient and he took him away with
him to hospital, where he said the OPP
ration was to be performed at once
That was u year ago. Today l met the
physician on the street here and the
first thing / asked him about was the
boy He smiled all over and told me
that ever since the operation the boy
had been steadily improving and for
two months past he had stolen nothing,
although the temptation was constantly
put in his way by his orders.
Il think, he said as we parted,
that the boy is entirly cured, and here
after when have any trephining to do
j shall keep an eye on the bumps and
not make apatient either better or worse
than nature intended. Detroit Free
Press.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
HIGHER EDUCATION.
The Interesting Results of the Study of a
Frogs Tiny Muscle.


The young man who has had the
priceless experience of self abandonment
to some happily chosen point was well
illustrated in man knew, writes q.
Stanley Hall in The Forum. With the
dignity and sense of finality of the
American senior year quick within him
his first teacher in Germany told him
to study experimentally one of the II
muscles Of frogs leg. The mild dis
sipation of somewhat too prolonged
general culture, aided by some taste for
breezy philosophic speculation, almost
diverted him from so mean an object.
But as he progressed he found that he
must know in more minute and prac-
tical way than before-in way that
made previous knowledge seem unreal
certain definite points in electricity,
chemistry, mechanics, physiology, etc.,
and bring them to bear in fruitful rela-
ton to each other. As the winter pro-
ceeded the history Of previous views
was studied and broader biological re-
lations seen, and as tho summer waned
and second year was begun in the
study Of this tiny muscle it was seen
that its laws are the same in frogs and
men; that just such contractile tissue
had done all that man had accomplish
cd in the world, and that muscles are
the only organs Of the will. AS the
work went on many Of the mysteries Of
the universe seemed to enter in his
theme. In the study Of this minute OBJ
ject he gradually passed from the atti-
tude of Peter Bell, of whom the poet
says:
A primrose by q rivers brim
A yellow primrose was 10 him,
And II was nothing more-
up to the standpoint Of the seer who
"plucked flower from the crannied
wall" and realized that could he but
understand what it was, root and all,
and all in all, he would know what
God and man is." Even if my friend
had contributed nothing in discovery to
the temple of science, he had felt the
profound and religious conviction that
the world is lawful to the core and had
experienced what a truly liberal and
higher education-in the modern as dis
tinct from themedi@vai sense-really is.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
Ibsen and Tolstoi,

Blumenthal, the great theater mani
ager Of Berlin, was once talking with
Tolstoi about Ibsen and said: II have
put n good many Of his plays ON the
stage, but can't say that quite un-
derstand them. Do you understand
them?" ''Ibsen doesn't understand them
himself" Tolstoi replied. "He just
writes them and then sits down and
waits. After awhile his expounders and
explainers come and tell him what he
meant. San Francisco Argonaut.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1894-08-01
Catarrli.

Many cases Of catarrh might be avoid
ed and others greatly relieved if at the
first sign of any trouble in the "early
snuffies" period the nose and throat
were thoroughly sprayed at least once q
day with one part of listerine mixed
with two parts of water. A throat spe-
cialist thinks this treatment as much q
part Of the good and cleanly toilet a.
brushing the teeth or hair or bathing.
New York Post