davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1894-01-20
Twenty Thousand Changes.

Twenty Thousand Changes.
If you want to SEQ Il most wonderful
part of the great government machine,
you should step into the Office of Mr..
Maxwell, the fourth assistant postmaster
general. There are not many signs of
activity save large number of congress
sional and other callers. In fact, the
office is as quiet as a church. But the
wheels are i'll motion, and the well oiled
guillotine is in steady operation. Every
day about hundred official heads drop
into the basket as a result of the calm,
matter Of fact way i'll which General
Maxwell takes mp one large bundle of
papers after another, looks them over
and finally signs his name. These 100
dccapitations are of Republican fourth
class postlnasters, who of course are sue
ceeded by Democrats. For about eight
months this has been going on, and in
that time 10000 Republican postmasters
have given way to men of tho other DO
litcal faith.
Rivalry For IL Petty Place.
These postmasters are the men who
serve in the smaller offices of the conn
try. Their salaries range from 81 to 5000
Oh Soi' ~h,' ''cCiA 90 a. pootiii'toicl
reaches 81 900 his Office becomes presi-
dential-that is, it is filled by direct ap-
pointment of the president, ''by and
with the advice and consent of the sen
ate" 1t is significant of the magnitude
and rapid growth of this country that
about once week some fourth class
postoffice gets over the 5000 limit and be-
comes presidential. a good many post
masters in this country get only ST, So
or So year compensation. They are, as
a rule. little neighborhood offices kept in
private houses out in the country.
General Maxwell tells your CORE
spondent that the average of postmas-
ters salaries in the United States is not
over 5000 or $3.50 year. Yet, as every
one knows, the rivalry for these offices
is just as keen as for the biggest plum in
the gift of the president General Max
well ought to know, for he has settled
10000 of these fights in the last eight
months.
The average number of applicants for
postoffice is about 10, and the number
of men who would like the appointment,
but do not put their desires on record, is
much greater. Some of the bitterest
fights known to the department are over
offices that do not pay more than $50 or
800 year. Often it is a case of rivalry
between storekeepers who want the adj
vantage of having the postoffice in their
establishments.
a Oueor Case.
These postoffice fights show up good
deal of human nature, and some of it not
of the best sort. Senator Brice of Ohio
came across Il queer case of this kind a
few days ago. He sent to General MAJ
well recommendation for certain man
for appointment to an Office in his state.
General Maxwell sent back word that
this was all right, except that Senator
Brice was already on record as recon-
mending another man for the same of
fee If there is anything the business
like Mr.. Brice prides himself on. it is
that he does not make this blunder, com.
mon enough with moro careless senators
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1894-01-20
Helps.

The urchin from the pantry shelf
Now coniiscates the cooky,
And builds bontlrcs on vacant lots
II warm him playing hooky.
Efts1on his parent warns him too.
TIL, teacher plays his part
Mex, morn. These little things combine
T. make the scholar smart.
Puck.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1894-01-20
A Long Job.

Customer want another bottle of that
whisky you sold me yesterday.
Druggist-Using it up pretty fast, amt
you?
Customer-Yes, and our furniture isn't
half cleaned yet.-Truth.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1894-01-20

cI HITS lIora, and to the river GOzan, unto
CIR. 7io. this day.
- CHAPTER VI.
The Of L,ri q TIE line Of tie p+isis unlo IL.
ear.iriy. l6 Tie families Of Gt.tas Xr1ri, and
6oldh. 90 TAs oHce Of Aaron, and al, line
IliUaaf. s. Tie esiss Of his prieas and Ltrifs.
ces 1900. ~ HE SONS of Levi; oaGershon, Ko-
csN . a. Il hath, and Merari.
H. Q And the sons of Kohath; Amram,
Ell. g. Ie 6Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1894-01-20

Johnny Tin bed for being naughty)-Mam-
ma, wish was twins; then when one OF
me was punished the other end could go
out and play.-Harper's Young People.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1894-01-20
7MHEOXFORD BIBLE.
Sunday School Teachers Edition
a whole library of Scriptural knowledge in a small
compass, adapted for all classes. =
First American TYPE-SET Editisn-

Possession of this edition will obvatc the neces-
sity of number Of books while it will concentrate
the mind of the student on his work.
MINI0N, SyO. Size, SKI 3-4Xl 1.2 ins.
From NEW TYPE.sET PLATES made In
America. Word for word and page for page. g.
fac-simile OF the Oxford Edition With Refer
ences Helps and Maps. y
THIS is not photo reproduction, but n fac.
simile of the English Edition, made from
new type set plates and beautifully printed ON
extra quality of paper. The binding is the de-
sirable Divinity Circuit style from the best AIncr-
can Leather, with round corners, gold edges and
ribbon marker. q
The Oxford Helps, contained in this edition.
and comprising nearly 400 pages, are. as ALI
thorough Bible students we'll know the result OF
years of careful labor and research by the most
eminent Biblical scholars and divncs OF the day,
who have brought them 10 that point of perfection
where they .orc nnques,ionahly the most thorough.
concise, authoritative and convenient explanatory
Cycopedia of Biblical Information cxtNnt. Few
people will care to purchase n Bible without helps,
now that n perfect Oxford Teachers can be had
Mt reasonable price.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1894-01-20
Tae. families Of Gersaom. l. CHRONICLES. VI
Kohath, and iNsrary.

% And the sons of Samuel the first BEFORE
horn q Vochn; on5 h;aL iCHRISTl
90 ~, aonhi' iu xno,ai. x-.,, cir: 1900,
90 lue sons OF Merarl Mahlt, L1bnt &c.
his son, Shimei his son, Uzza his son, F.
80 Shimea his son, Haggah his son, Il, iais 60,
Asaiah his son. ver a. '
81 And these are they whom David 81 Sam
set over the service Of song In the -, ,oso
house of the LORD, after that the ark &C. CO.
had rest ych. ID. I.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
OFF ONE HUNDRED ACRES.

A Manitoba farmer, writing to the
Farmers Advocate, says: 81 keep from
twenty-five to thirty mich cows, and
as many young cattle. on 100 acres,
which feed principally with soiling
crops and roots. 1 nave my cows COM
ing in about the 1st of March and
raise twenty calves, giving them new
milk for one month, then skim milk
and middlings to the 1St of May; next
feed them middlings to the LIST Of Sep
TENDER, and then let them run on grass
until it becomes cold enough to house
them. They are then worth So each,
being $160 for all. During the month
that feed the calves skim milk make
butter, the herd yielding about twenty
one pounds per day, which l sell at 90
cents per pound, being $126 for the
month. I then send milk to the cheese
factory for six months, which brings
me in $34.47 per cow, being for all
81, 033.10. 1 then make butter to the
middle of January, making an avera ge
Of fourteen pounds per day, being
1,064 pounds, which I sell at % cents
per pound, amounting to S344.72, giving
me a grand total for calves, butter and
cheese of 81, 1854. Amy person on as
small q farm as 100 acres should not
keep sheep. I did for a. while, but
found they were too hard on the pas
ture, and did not do we'll on silage.
keep twelve brood sows, which farrow
in April; they generally average seven,
which I sch at six months old. They
then dress 155 pounds; I sold for $3.50
per 100 pounds, being $S46.3O. I have
the old ones for the market in August;
they average 325 pounds each, which
is generally worth Sc per hundred,
which is 1924 for old pigs. AS for poul-
try, I never reckon what they make,
but 1 keep forty hens, and it takes
! them all for home use"
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
THE POULTRY YARDS.
Purify the Runs and Keep the Rirds
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. of Purilira ton.

Many poultry men who keep their
fowls confined in small yards clean the
poultry houses, but never seem to think
it necessary to purify the yards. If
sickness visits their fowls, it is a mys-
FERROUS dispensation of Providence, for
have they not kept the houses clean?
They do not think of the yards, whose
soil has become impregnated with the
droppings of the fowls, and upon which
a green thing is never permitted to
grow. Following are methods Of puri-
fication recommended by the American
Agriculturist:
First-Where 1T is possible to do SO
seed the yard down to grass or clover
and let it bear a crop one year or raise
upon it a. crop of vegetables. OF course,
this necessitates two yards for the
| fowls, q, plan that cannot always be
pursued. Or one can, with a. movable
fence, cut off the fowls from the larger
part of the yard and SOW that to some
quick growing crop, like oats, and
when it has grown five or six inches
| high let the fowls in upon it. Or one
can spade the yard in sections, sowing
oats at each spading, and thus secure
a little growth from them and a sue
cession of growths of green food for
| the fowls. A growing crop for one sea-
son puts the soil in excellent condition
for the fowls, the crop removing just
the elements. that were injurious to the
| fowls.
Second-Spading up tine yard every
few weeks, either in sections or all at
once, turning up the soil to the action
of the sun and air. Air is the best dis
infectant we have, and plenty of it VIII
| help to rob the soil of the elements
poisonous to the fowls. Spading will
! do for a few years, but after % time it
will not be sufficient.
| Third-The removal and casting
away of several inches of the soil and
replacing it with fresh earth. 1t would
pay a gardener to do this, as the soil
! removed is rich in fertilizing matter,
/ but few have been fortunate enough
to find the gardener to do this. BUT
even if one has to go to the expense of
the removal it pays better to do it
than to nave a lot of sick and, there
fore, improbable fowls
| Fourth-Temporary relief can be had
| by sowing the yards with land plaster
This will hold the injurious emanations
and keep the air in a nealthful condi-
ton.
Fifbh-The soil can be disinfected by
a thorough drenching with sulphate OF
copper diluted in water, about one
pound of the former to hundred gal
IONS of the latter The soil should be
thoroughly drenched. OF all these
methods the simplest is the best-rais-
| ing a crop upon the yard.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
FEEDING WHEAT TO ANIMALS.

The report of the Kansas State Board
of Agriculture for the quarter ending
September 80, is given almost entirely
to the subject of feeding wheat to farm
animals, and its bearing upon agricul-
ture and stock raising. Copies may be
had free of charge upon application to
the Secretary of the Board, Hon. f. D.
Coburn, Topeka, Kan.
This report is in good part based upon
the answers farmers have made to a
list of questions sent out by the board.
A summary of the conclusions arrived
at by Secretay Coburn from these re-
turns is that wheat:
Il Is superior to corn, pound for
pound, as grain, to produce healthful,
weH-balanced growth in young animals.
so. Mixed with corn, oats or bran, it
is much superior to either alone for
work horses.
80. Fed to COWS, it is an exceptional
milk producer, and for that purpose
corn is scarcely to be compared with it..
~ For swine of all ages it is a
generous returns in both framework
and flesh, but fed whole, especially
without soaking, is used at disadvan-
! tage. Ground and made into Stops, it
| is invaluable for sucking sows, and for
pigs both before and after weaving.
| IS For cattle, it has at least as a
part of their grain rations, a very high
value, which is much enhanced in the
line of needed variety by mixing with
corn, and in a still greater degree by
mixing judiciously with bran, oil cake
or other albuminous foods, tending to
balance the too carbonaceous nature of
the clear wheat.
sc With corn and wheat approximate
ling the same price per bushel, it is not
improbable or wicked to feed the
wheat; yet, if it can be ground, rolled,
crushed or in some way broken at a
total cost not exceeding 3 to cents per
bushel, to feed it whole and dry is I'M
wise.
~ If grinding is impracticable, soaking
| from "a to So hours (the length of time
depending somewhat upon the weather
and season. is for various reasons
deemed desirable, but is injudicious to
any extent in that its being moist facil-
litates swallowing without the mastica-
ton or the proper mixing with saliva.
| Any arrangement or system of feeding
| by which the grain was delivered in
such way that the animal could eat
slowly, will largely overcome this de-
feet.
70 1t is a superior food for all fowls,
and, as a promoter of the maximum
egg production, is unsurpassed by any
other grain"
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
PRUNING GRAPE VINES.

How and when shall l prune my
grapevines asks the beginner
Nothing easier, if you will first I'M
derstand that fruit buds are never
produced on old wood. That this years
growth is the only portion of the vine
that sends cut stems on which fruit is
produced another year Hence, in
pruning, preserve a supply of strong
young wood and cut away the old and
weaker growth.
a one or two-year-old plant when
sent from the nursery may have only
one shoot, or it may have several. In
any event all are cut off but the
strongest, and that cut off TO within
two eyes of the base. These TWO eyes
viii produce shoots, and when they
have made a growth of q few inches,
rub off the weak one and let the strong
one grow until September when the
end OF the shoot is pinched off TO ma
ture and ripen the wood. ALL side
shoots and suckers should be pinched
off,
The second year the strongest shoot
from these three eyes should be pre-
served as before. Side shoots or later
ais Will appear on same, and as soon
as a leaf one inch in diameter has
formed the shoot Should be pinched off
with thumb and finger. In short
time the leaf will become full size, and
mature a bud at its base and send out
a new shoot which should be stopped.
The third year or two more canes
may be permitted to grow, with
branches to compare with vigor of
vine. and trained in various ways. A
few punches of fine fruit may also be
expected.
Trim all vines IN the fall, leaving
spurs or canes of new wood containing
two or three eyes each for next sea-
sons fruit With strong growth al
lieast three-quarters of the vine should
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
SAVING SEEDS.

The important matter of saving seeds
is very generally neglected by farmers,
to their great loss, for, unless care is
taken in this varieties deteriorate, and
in the end must be replaced by others
no better to begin with than those dis
carded were originally. The buying of
seeds, if good ones are bought, is cost
", and if those usually sold ON COM
mission at the corner groceries are
taken, there is much risk to be run
both as to- vodety and vitality. If one
must buy seeds, the best way is to buy
them direct from the seedsmen who
advertise IN the agricultural papers
We have found these almost invariably
true to name and quick to germinate
A much better way than to depend
on seed growers is TO perpetuate good
varieties and improve them by careful
selection. I have vegetables growing
in my garden that are descended from
seeds bought as long as twelve years
ago and they are as perfect as they
were then, and in some varieties
have made a decided advance.
The same rule holds good in se.ect-
ling flower mr. fN'd seeds. and every
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
Poultry apd BQQs'

/ Do not be afraid to Gull closely. Bet
ter give the room to a few good ones
Ethan to overcrowd by keeping the ctlll5
for better prices.
| The lazy man has lazy fowls, and
complains that poultry does not pay
! Wake up your own ambition and the
fowls will follow suit.
! If you have succeeded in raising a
few good birds this year, let 1t become
known. An advertisement is sure to
bring you good results
Do not begin winter without laying
lin a supply of gravel and road dust
/ You will find these are good things to
! have before the winter is over.
Young blood leads the way to profit
I with poultry, as with other stock. 1t
every hen over three years old.
Give the fowls a little extra care
now, and have, them in perfect conai-
ltion to begin the long cold winter. 1t
| is a long confinement for them in the
north.
/ Chopped raw onions thrown to the
fowls two or three times a week act as
a stimulant TO the blood and an ape
tier. They will do no harm at any
time.
/ If you have common hens which do
not pay, grade them UP with thorough
! bred males; then clean up and feed less
corn, and you will soon be ON the road
/ to better results.
1t is a demonstrated fact that fowls
can be at a good profit if kept as they
| should be. Keep as many of them as
can be we'll cared for aside from other
| business, and no more.
Do not feed merely to keep the fowls
| ol;1 ht1r,
ling is no less important than good
stock and proper housing. Have a
purpose in feeding and adhere to it.
|. Are you certain that your breeds are
lperfectly free from lice? Look them
over carefully, and also see that their
quarters are free from vermin and in
a most healthy condition to commence
winter.
If you are not breeder of thorough
bred poultry, and have any desire to
be, now is a good time to begin, as
1 first-class stock can always be secured
at a reasonable price this season of the
year.
There is nothing whatever to prevent
/ every farmer from making money on
poultry, and the way to do is TO use
every method for SO doing, and raise
not only chickens but turkeys, ducks
ana geese.
We have found a warm mash fol-
breakfast very beneficial to poultry
when mouIting. Take any kind of veg
etables and cook them, and mix with
bran, shorts or corn meal, and limit
ed supply of linseed meal.
Most of the diseases of poultry are
preventable, and he who feeds, houses
and cares for his flock properly, will
have little or no trouble compared with
1.-THE one who takes no pains in these
particulars.
If you are a beginner with limited
experience, commence at the bottom
and work up. Do not get too many
irons in the fire. Do not start on toe
large a scale, as keeping hens for eggs
/ broilers, market and fancy trade. and
buying two or three incubators at once
thinking your future will be made the
first year. Do not try more than one
branch at a time, and persevere.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
The Dairy.
EFFEcTs or Rusty T1INwARE.

Friend J. II. Monrad. in the Novem-
Der National Dairynan and Dairy Mes
Isenger, of which he IS the editor and
manager. gives the following impor-
tant pointer to dairymen: We have be-
fore warned our readers against using
rusty cream watts, and mentioned a
case in Sweden where a .4ffshy'' oily
lltaste in the butter was traced to that
cause.
AT the dairymen's meeting at Aarhus.
IDenmark, this year, Dairy Counsellor
Boggild told an interesting story. which
we condense considerably. II seems he
got a sample Of milk from creamery
manager; it was not sour though three
| or four days old, but had a half rotten
smell and a horrible. tallowy taste He
went to the creamery and examined
the milk from The patron in question.
The can was clean Gndeed, the patron
| and his wife had a reputation for
cIeanliness), but very rusty inside and
barely half fun. As he had met a sim
liar taste and smell at another cream
| cry in milk which came from a rusty
| can, he induced the manager to buy a
| new can and send it TO the patron, with
the request ito use it instead of the old
one. The patron sent back the new
can empty, but bought one himself
| (huffy much like an American patronD
and sent half the milk in this and half
in the old one. The milk was perfect
in the new can and as bad as before in
l. the old one.
| When the dairy counsellor wanted to
borrow the old can for further expert
lmenting. he was refused, and had To-
| buy it at the price of a new one. He
lthen continued his experiments with
milk from other farms and got the
same result-a beastly smell and a tall
Lowry taste. Analysis showed the milk
to contain considerable iron. and the
Itrouble was worse when the can was
half fun than when full Butter made
| from this milk was "tailowy.'
The can had been cleaned in the US
ual manner on the farm. with boil
ling CO water. and to prove that the
trouble was not in Spores left in the
can't was steamed and resteaned be-
fore using, but the result was the same.
A city milknan in Copenhagen had
similar trouble, and there can be no
doubt that here is the danger which
we must be on the lookout for Many
hundreds of rusty cans have we seen
in use, and the demand for cheap cans
has induced manufacturers to use poor
tin. Will our readers heed the warm
Iing2
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
MULE SENSE VS.. HORSE sENE.

It is commonly thought that mule
is a stupider creature than horse, but
have never found a person who was
we'll acquainted with both animals who
hesitated to place the mongrel in tne
intellectual grade above the pure blood
animal. There is, it is true, decided
difference in the mental qualities of the
two creatures The mule is relatively
administrative, his emotions being
sufficiently expressed by an occasional
bray-a mode Of utterance which he has
inherited from the humber side of his
house in a singularly unchanged way.
Even in the best humor he appears sui
len, and lacks thos playful caper5 which
give such expression to the well-bred
horse, particularly in its youthful state.
1t is evident, however, that il discrinl-
mates men and things more clearly
than does the horse. In going over lif-
ficult ground it studies the. surface And
picks its way so as to secure footing
in an almost infallible manner. Even
when loaded with a pack it will consider
the incumbrance and not so often try IL
pass where the burden will beeon en-
tangled with fixed objects.-Prcs..
Schaler in Scribner's.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-12-02
WHEAT OR WHAT.

The low price of wheat this year
has set farmers who have been in the
habit of depending on this crop, to
thinking what shall be done in the way
of finding a substitute for it, or some
crop that can be depended on to bring
in as much money as the wheat crop
and at the same time serve as a nurse
crops for the grass sown in order to
keep up the usual rotation.
If the farmer lives near town where
he can get to a market for his straw he
can by careful lculation, make small
profit out of vhaSt growing at present
prices, but many are not 50 situated,
and must look to some other means of
getting from a ploWed crop to grass as
they do not like to sow grass seed with
out some nurse crop with it. The farm
er can get along very we'll without the
straw from the wheat crop as cut corn
stalks are fully as good for bedding and
| last winter the writer used them for
| horses and cows with perfect Satisfac-
| ton.
The on lysubstitute for the wheat crop
that is available in the Northern States
seems to be rye and this has many adj
vantages in it's favor. 1t can be sown
earlier and later than wheat and make
good crop. 1t furnishes winter and
early spring pasture when pasture is
valuable and will still make a crop, or
| it may be pastured until the grass crop
is well started without injuring the
value of the meadow the next year. 1t
may also be left until it is ripe and
'tWinkles'' down and then pigs turned
in to great advantage. as it will lie for
several weeks without injury after it is
ripe if the weather is the ordinary after
harvest weather. Where rye is hogged
down in this manner the land is bene-
! fitted enough to pay the cost of the crop
at least, and the growth of the pigs is
the profit on it.-Burt Carroll.