Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1894-06-13

establishing religious freedom, Washing
tons Secretary Of State. and President OF
the United States for two memorable
terms, found himself when pas; 70. hope
lessly involved In financial difficulties
The burden would have crushed many a
younger man. But Jefferson. rising like
the Phoenix from the ashes of his pri-
waite fortune projected a college. ION a
plan broad. liberal. and modern" This
noble foundation mayxnot trace It's lineage
back 10 the Dark Ages and its threc-
quarters OF a century may seem but a
span to oxford or Heidelberg. The light
OF its birth is better than centuries OF
cropping towards the dawn. 1t has no
rags 10 burn. or prejudices 10 slough of.
The formulator In maxim Of the rights OF
man is its father, and his life and career
are its inheritance and inspiration.
Tntil the American experiment, the
struggle for liberty had been almost en-
tireiy upon spiritual lines. Nations fought
and civil wars wagod for the supremacy
OF dogma The learned few went from
the universities TO lead the ignorant
masses TO life and death contests for
doctrines. and hecatombs were slain and
dynasties built up and overturned on the
Interpretation OF creeds Catholics and
Calvinists. Cavaliers and Puritans took
turns in prosecuting each other. or visit
ing the supposed vengeance of the Al
mighty upon. Baptists or Quakcrs These
fierce and merciless Combats had wrought
out the idea Of religious liberation, when
the discovery Of Columbus opened the
way for its exercise. The wilderness
must bc cleared for tho settlement. and
the city and civil liberty was impossible.
until religious freedom had been obtained
ESSENCE OF LIBERTY.
THE peasants" said an Austrian
chronicler in the sixteenth century, "do
rot count among the estates Of the realm
because they have no voice I'm the Diet"
The peasants were the farmers and arti-
sans who formed seven tcaths OF the
population. That all the people do count
In the affairs Of government is the essence
OF American liberty. II first found au-
lucrative expression In JfncrsOn's i'm
mortal capitalization. that all men are
created equal: that they are endowed by
thfir Creator with certain unahenable
rights: that among these are life, liberty.
and the pursuit Of happiness" This
definition altered the course Of the ages.
Unfettcred conscience had ended the Of
forts Of tho centuries 20 empower any
man TO prescribe the only way by which
his neghbor could see God. or find the
path to Heaven. HcnccfOrth liberty meant
mans material welfare. 1t was always
admitted. and is still undisputed, that a
higher education is needed for his spiritual
adviser and that II broadons his own
view Of a spiritual life. But it has be-
come fashionable and frequent to deny
the value Of a college course. except for
the professions
Sif-madc men loudly proclaim their su-
periority in the practical affairs Of the
world. They begrudge the time and dis
trust the methods of the university. They
proudly point to accumulated wealth and
tho success of gigantic enterprises as the
fruits of limited education and the larger
opportunities Of earlier training in busi-
less. The educated Intelligence Of the
country ~ the safety OF these arrogant
accidents. Their insolent parade of their
wealth would inspire the measures for it's
destruction. If the wisdom which is gain
cd in the universities did not provide the
policies by which the rights OF all can be
maintained under free institutions. No
state could survive the revolutionary con-
'ditiOns under which the passions or the
prejudicos OF the hour should be fOrmu-
lated into laws. The enactment of pas
sion into statute and constitutions by
proclamation, created for France the hor-
rOTs Of her revolution and her crazy-quilt
Of governments, down to her present and
more constitutional republic They make
the Central and South American nations
a travcsty upon law and order.
II rs the sons of the colleges who have
been the creators and the saviours OF our
liberties. II was the original genius and
trained ability of Jonathan Mayhem, from
Boston pulpit, which first sowed the
seeds of American Independence. Ed
mund Randolph, Of William and Mary,
and Samuel Adams. Of Harvard laid the
foundation upon which the Continental
f'nnvrrgS IuifGgI srh4N 10 IN
committees of correspondence which
brought the colonies together. Brilliant
orators fired the train whose explosion
shattered the chains binding us to the
mother country. but ii was George Mason
ana James otis, John Adams and Thomas
jefferson. Richard Henry Lee and Ro-
bert r. Livingston, all college men, who
rad stored the magazine with the pow
der or argument and conviction.
EDUCATED PATRIOTS.
The greatest peril TO the young republic
was after the British soldier had sailed
for home The new Confederacy was tot
tering to its fall under the assaults Of
those who thought that liberty was surer
by the independence Of their colonies
than in the union Of States The Union
was formed. and constitutional liberty on
this Continent established by the leader
ship Of educated patriots. The strong.
ehlc, and courageous men of the field and
the forum. who, though only partially
cultuycd, had been the victOrs of the
battlehelds and towers Of strength in
the councils OF the country. in the pres
encc Of the enemy. became narrow and
provincial when the pressure of danger
was removed. Alexander Hamilton car
ried New York for the Constitution and
the Union against the military prestige
indomitable but wrong headed patriotism
would have kept his State Independent.
Randolph Madison, ana jefferson saved
Virginia 10 the republic, notwithstanding
the fears and the fire of Patrick Henry.
The Federalist was the gospel of freedom
under common flag. and textbook for
Federal powers for oil time. Its work
and benefic snCe were second only TO those
OF the Declaration of Independence. and
made secure the truths Of that great
document Only statesmen of large read
ing and wide learning could have writer
it. and they were Hamilton. Madison
and Jay. the flower Of the Colonial col
leees Of Princeton and Columbia.
Courage is the common attribute of oui
race. but % so die that the example
inspires coming general Ons BELONGS tt
those who know the past and the present
Tor Wnlcn lhEN NSNt, anu Ntlt olSli4lNdilN'
TO the future of tlc success OF the cause
i'm which they fail. Nathan Hale from
Yale. standing alone upon the scaHc.t
I'm the midst Of enemies, looked calmly
into the muZzles Of the musKots levcllet
at his breast and said: Il regret that j
have but one lie 10 give for my country.
Joseph Narrc1, Of Harvard, a major
general in rank but without command
hearing the firms at Bunker li'll. seizo'
a gun. and ran TO the trenches 20 SERVE
as private soldier. To prudent Eldrids'
Gerry. who warned him Of the danger an'
predicted his death, he blitheIN replied
as he was rushing 10 the front: "pd!''
et decorum est pro patris mori.' in thes
two sentences, with the lives of theh
learned and cultured utterers heh!rC
them. is condensed the literature 90 pa
triotism. and the words and examples %
Hale and Warrsu pr sent 10 los er Is
an evcr-inspiri'g picture whose back
ground is formed ny the unknown anI
rnrame1 heroes of the Continental army
insignificant incidents ard imrort m
events are closely related in the affair
Of the world and triHcs often turn th'
course Of history The tourist ga2es or
OF window In the old castle on th'
White iii az Prague uro1 IN anc ent city
and distant landscape 1t IS difficult for hin
| TO realize that though. at the close o
a turbulent debate. three councillors wcr'
s.-..-4 f...... ,n.f x,.frfgy u the nrOunf