The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1894-08-28
Notes on sclence and Inln.trr.

Notes on Science ana InJustry
The aim Of mechanical engineers as
! the makers Of the steam enrine. has
/ been apty described ass consisting in the
| production of a machine that VIII util-
! TIE Win the greatest economy the. fIfi
! by which the steam Is generated. Ac-
! cordiog 10 theory. two pounds of coal
! should produce seven ana OIc-half horse
! power. whereas In the best engines only
! one and hdlf horse power is obtained.
! the losses being caused Boy condensation
! and radiation i'm the cylinder passages.
/ and 81 is argued that. 10y the use of
! the condenser. which would not Dee re-
! CURED On an ideal engine. as i'm such an
| engine. the whole heat having been util-
! lIed. the water OF condensation would b.
! better drawn away. Compromising the en-
zinc mas been means OF improve
/ meut, 10y enabling the boiler to work 40
nlgh pressure and give the engine, there
IoTe. greater expansion. but this, OF
course, can only be- carried % a certain
extent II Us urged 10y authorities in
ms heid OF construction that TO further
improve the steam engine, q better means
or burning the fuel ia the boiler must
be devised by forced draught. raising the
temperature ana pressure as far AS he
material VIII safely permit. and more
economically utilizing the heat of cNaYo-
ration through moderate range OF eX-
pansion in l-proportioned cylinders
coal mines are now being equipped
sensibillty and peculiar alapteincss The
apparatus Is "a foreign Invention. and
consists of vertical tube twenty nm.
ennh g' tIe baSm qHl 'Iot1 he one na
manner the opening at the top,hoWcVer.
being furnished with steel peg screwed
III an non CgHar dtlach'd 10 inc llnt.
a long capillary tube, one IN. IN dld-
meter, ls liked 1T right angles on the
large tube, "a little above the curved part,
ana terminates IN AN Open receptacle.
The quantity Of mercury is regulated SO
that the meniscus OF mercury presents
itself in the middle Of me Capillarv tub.
Now the slightest difference Of atmos-
rhcric pressure viii cause the mercury
10 rise and act on the CAPILLARY column.
and n fan of pressure fs indicated bv the
inverse movement OF the column. I'm this
curry in the large tube is augmented ac-
CordinE 10 the section of the tubes-ln
this case as 40 rs To- ]. $50 that the varia-
ton of 40 can thus Doe noted If the
variation ~ pressure becomes SO great
as % cause the meuiscus to leave the
capillary tube that may be- rcmclied Iy
MIX "f '"scie"inS the upper peg
Another gOll-e1vinor device g. mentioned
in the mining papere. Briefly the dirt As
dumped ON "a swinging platform. set ON am
incline sufficient with "A small head Of
water. assisted ly the swimming motion
OF the platform. t. cause it to pass into
long, slim box, also set on am incline.
ana having several sets ~ RIFLES. This
u'A Ias the movement OF rocker, and
tN' Ilit as X passes from The platform,
ihl- upon the trst rifle The gold, sand
dIlt Sildi EidNel drpp through g. an apron
..l laJ h'afl sfaVe, - sing 9Nri-@ nicn
o,5 i,.... .- ~ mn - 49,
.+f t NO ' ~
6~st JGi. 51co.n tfrore u, ~ ~
second and i'm n liltn manner o,e,, eeveral
others each Of these giving the cold a
chance g. settle Tho coarse material
passes ont of the rocker over a grizzly
f.r fl IN b. l.r
II any of the latter has passed the rifles
fail into another box with several depart
ment9. lined with plates. Here II is asi-
'bl.a tk sLl.ul streams OF wafer t9Lilns
I'D ~ "iheltl,l mr. llole uhN pi SH're
IIi.i al tldS 1'.u "i2 sn' /" t. .,. SUI SUI
ft'- I'D. lie lIals9' VIZ" .gCI 'i, u. o!I7
t-- 49, r
g.. lax. ,I, $3.50 ,r5 IN. Lrt
iitI. ,,.tar ie -a,iliraj m on1~etr a. If
is asserted that no quicksilver can escape.
ana mat the hghteat scale e'iI' ny saved
in i.e RIFLES, cannot escape the plates lh
faa last box
,rte ,rollo,, NJ eecurfno soupa-nroof
,,..,fr,i,ts has lone tovsl tho fnrenuitr
of architects and builders. ana various
r 49, t.,,s 100, roeorte5 ~ ,.tfb ,.orioii.
q 1.,re.s ~ snocles 4 recent writer NV
inc t,.. re..,It- ~ come INTERPRETATIONS ~
+t... H., g,.+.s +i,+ oo re,-or4- tno ro,r
a ulv of very thick CARPET felt underneath /
a f'' gi ',,t .,'-n -, i ''' 90
lHt oiIiiIalS ca to' ~, "a =" Vl a.. -,
tent accomplish lhe cbJecl DESIRED, b",' 10 /
inaNr IL iedIS ~ a. - 49, ~, /
IHt the l""i' dt''' a. llVlV ~ tD' a. D"' /
d counter ioDl i''S ', 't" ,-'' 'O'. 49, I
may be OF service 10 ~ IH UT tlc 'ui' vi /
the laths Wnlch hoId lne ColiHE uu4'I- |
HS"lH WY" dDou1 VII mn r'.,, va f
ll COTTON dllvI NdIu i"3i"9 o. '1'r va /
haiF IeIi on lop Oh eaVlI JUS uvI'.v nan
ing down the looF' Such Urea tiheHt 'v""- I
ing 10 stop an souhu I'm mat tIecuo"'
AS regards the walls thel WouId require /
90 have vertical STUDS say one ana mar /
by one inch, spaced eighteen lhcHes ap'It
these 10 be either lalhel or covered WIN
wire netting, ana the spaces between tIt
atning ana the present plaster Hilcd ln
with siicate Of cotton. The result Will
be- still more satisfactory by providing the
fronts If the studs with strip Of hair
Felt in the same manner as indicated for
me- Jo!sls' ana the Walls u coI'S'' "''''e
epi"S'''eN'
An improved KIND Of motor. cOntrived
~ a Nebraska inventor claimed to he
perfect equalizer, ana having 40 dead
entrcs-is arranged with semi clrcuI ar
ocking UeadleS loose upon me Sha'N
nl ttNinS Io'i luf- up'u ucH rH'. ioF
hc alternate moOoha OF tHc i'e' ii uilN-
lg inc mFcuhhlSni 10 i'Htet lne sex
rental hand lever aNallahie, IL ls required
ID change thr poslllon ol t.t Iuilhrt
rcadle and secure both tfeadir@ hrmy
, the shaft. when it may be operated by
in1' or power may pe aplh'1 t'touS"
ne come .ihS ton' l"t ca 80
lf " fHI'7 are 'vl'i' ecu ~ - 49,
if. ti"tN" FgI-to+ 80 IL
''H''9e 49,, "t,.rh ,,'7lio,'s ,ra ...l.,,r,l tba
iii0 "' Wy d. ll.t1 ,.itb ,isbt ana !
l0 N .b,ft to,rngiiod In /
.l Iy,H ""tt' rinbt rnrl ,yhe+l heirg