The herald., 1894-12-04
FIFTEENTH CENTURY MASTERS
Mrs. Caswell's Eighth Talk On
Art Matters.
The Careers of Titan, Raphael and
C0rreggio Considered.
Their Principal works, style and
Epochs Explained and Dis
cusssd 1t tho Mari.
borough School.


In her eighth art talk ct the Marl
borough school last Saturday, Mrs. Gas
we'll frst spoke OF the earliest example
Of oil painting. in 1880. by the brother
Jan and Hubert Van Eyck, who hav
been sometimes styled the originators o
painting in oils. The terms frescoes
water colors. charoscuro. foreshorten
ing. composition. school and old MASTER
were defined clearly and at length, IL
''schools"; the Italian. as compiler
whole, leads. There are only five grea
names in the Italian school: DA Vinci
Michael Angelo, Raphael, Titan and
Corrsggio; of thess Ds Viuci is notable
for bis dignified perfection; Titan fol
his color; Raphael for beauty and COM
position; Correggio for chiaroscuro and
action; Michael Angelo for anatomy,
drawing, and grandeur OF design.
Raphael has been accorded the first
place in the world because he excellsd
every other in all points except the one
Florentine school developed fresco
UhIntluk, bA0 Vou0bihA nCAVOA 0ovCA-
opsd oil painting.
Renaissance was then defined as q
French word signifying q re-birth, or
revival, and applied to the style of art,
especially architecture in Europe which
,ucceeded the Gothic and preceded the
copyism OF classic revival in the begin
ming Of the present century.
Titan, the divine, was next spoken Of !;
born in 1477, he lived SO years. and died
in 1876 He was the first to paint sep.
srate landscape in Italian art; the mag
nificent gloom Of his gnarled trees, ETC.. !.
he studied during his frequent three
days walk from Venice to Cadare to
visit his home. His idsalized portraits
made him one of the foremost portrait
painters of the world. He was entrusted
by the Venetian government in 1912 to
Adorn the hall Of the graud council with
pictures representing the homage of
Frederick Barbarossa to the pope. In
1914 he removed to the court OF Terrara,
where he executed come OF his finest
works, among others portrait of his
friend Ariostc, the poet. His MASTER
pieces are The Assumption OF the Vir-
gin, ST. Peter Martyr. and the Presenra-
tion OF the Virgin. He was very pros-
porous painted almost to the time OF
his death, and his latest work, though
feeble, was full OF color and light.
Mrs. Caswell then spoke of Raphael
6anzoi, who was born in 1883 ON Good
Friday, and died in 1920, also on Good
Friday. A description of his home. his
parents, and teacher, Psrugino, follow.
cd his nature was described as frank,
sweet, and refined he had no struggles.
no disap appointments; he led . Roman
life Of splendor and popularity, like that
Of Mozart in some respects. In 1903, at
the invitation OF Pope Julius H.. he
went to Rome and adorned the vatican
with some of his finest frescoes, and in
1915 became chief architect Of St. Peters
church. Raphael NAV be said to have
had three styles, the earliest, I'm bibed
from his master, is evidenced in his
Holy Family; the Alteration of the
Magi; Coronation of the Virgin, aud
Marriage OF the Virgin. ell painted be-
tween 1900 and 1905. Alter q residence
in Psrugia and Florence, he painted bis
hich betrays q second epoch
In bis art; the third, developing after
he went to Rome, whore he gave to the
world his School Of Athens; his ST.
Cseelia and his two rival masterpieces,
the Trans6gurstion. now in the vatican,
and the 6istine Madonna, at Dresden.
While excavating for art treasures he
the Roman fever from which
he died at the age OF 81. He painted
120 MadonnAs, and among his leseer
works Cupid and Psyche, cartoons for
tapestry, and q Galatea.
Mrs. Caswell closed her talk with An.
tonic Allsgri da Corrsgio. who was born
In 1494. He had few early advantages;
studied under Mantegna and Ds Vinci
was gentle, unassuming. and unambi-
tious, yet he was the founder OF q new
and distinct school of art At % he
went to Parma to paint the dome OF San
Giovanni. Correggio is famous for the
violent foreshortening, rolling clouds
and cherubs which are to be found in
most OF his work. He set the fashion
ior domes all over Italy. and the cathe.
iral dome is the same style, exsgger-
lted. He frescoed the convent OF San
Psolo with bis wonderful arbor pictures
,f NEUROLOGICAL subjects. He was not
deal; was joyous, like Raphael, but less
and more sensuous. His
,hiaroscuno was of the richest and most
perfect class; his coloring was not deep,
out bright, clear and delicate; eoftness,
tenderness and harmony OF grouping
we're Among ulb Cul6l cuhTACterleLlc6 /, ne
1ated flstness, and aimed at perspective
effects.
His magdalens, 10 Sida, and madon.
las are all one type. and his Fstes are
ike Bacchautes. Among the famous
from his easel are q peni.
ent magdalen at Dresden; an Ecce |
Homo; q night and a day. In his de-
ineation OF angels and cherubs he stands
bnt the reading Magdalen,
which has always been attributed to
,im. is not his after all. He died In
534, at the age OF 40 years. As usual q
'rofusion Of ine photographs were
hown TO illuetrsts the subjects dealt
Vith, and the afternoon was particularly
and enjoyable.
The bject for next aturday will deal
nth nineteenth century art, characters
sites of the modern French school; the
english school of water sa. ,lors; pre-
saphealism, and the impre sionists, or
'PlsinRirists."
Four Big Successes.
Having the needed merit to more than make
ood all the advertising claimed for them, the
four remedies have reached phe-
0menal sale: DR. Kings New Discovery, for