davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
AGRICULTURE HORTICULTURE
Notes and Facts That Will Prove Of
Interest u Those Who Culti.
vate Farm, Field and
Garden.

The 8 for harvesting corr is so
long and the practice from extent of the
crop and pressure of work in other di-
rections SO elastic and often so long de-
layed that the value of the crop, of the
slower especially, is affected doubtless
more seriously than farmers themselves
imagine. Results Of experiments at the
stations teach that the highest value of
slower is reached when at the stage of
growth indicated by a well dentcd ear
and the first drying Of the blades. The
grain is best at the season of a well
ripencd ear and q half dried blade. IN
the process Of ripcning the grain there
is little decline in yield or feeding value
after the best condition is reached.
Different practices prevail in different
sections. In Maine, where much of the
corn is for tho Gamers, it takes an un-
usual number Of hills for Il shock. In
New jersey it is usual to cut up corn
from IS to GA hills TO tho shock, accord
ing as it is heavy and green. The aim
is TO cut as soon as the grain on tho
ears is glazed, provided the weather is
not sultry and warm. The husking and
cribbing arc matters of convenience
any time before the snow flies. In Ohio
many cut IL hills square, and husking
is done when convenient. In Pennsyl-
vania it is common to cut corn as soon
as it is safe from molding in the shock.
1t is put up in shocks of from 60 TO 800
hills each. Tho wasteful custom Of turn
ing cattle and hogs into the field to
work their W will still prevails in sec
lions of the south and tho central maize
districts.
The majority of farmers continue to
cut their corn in tho old way, although
there are on tho market machines for
harvesting corn that save much time,
labor and expense. There are a number
Of these machines, the more perfect Of
which are doing away with the old
plan of tying gallows, which made con
siderable work and took valuable time.
The mode of operation of q cutter
that has given satisfaction is as follows:
Tho horse hitched to the harvester
walks between the rows. The wings,
with knives attached to tho front edge,
extend far enough ON both sides to en-
gage all the stalks i'll the two rows. Two
men occupy the seat on tho machine,
facing out, with ono hand reaching for
ward to support the stalks as the knives
first strike them, and as they arc cut
the other hand and arm is used to draw
them back against tho leg, whcro they
are easily held, the butts resting OF tho
wings until tho Fallows row is reached,
when the horse is stopped, and the load
--12, ii or 10 hills, as dcsircd-is de-
posted at tho shock. The men return TO
the machine, start the horse and work
as before.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28

In a press bulletin from the Michigan
station it is advised if clover is found in
the spring to be killed Ivy thereof borer
to plant tho field to corn or SOW millet.
Omitting the clover crop for a year
will starve out the tho borer and enable
the clover to be grown again. In any
ease one crop Of hay may be expected
from the clover before it fails. Alfalfa
in Michigan gives seldom Il greater and
usually less yield than that of common
red clover, while the plant itself is less
desirable in several respects. Crimson
clover, so far as tested in the west and
north, has not been satisfactory. Spurry
was recommended in a bulletin of this
station last year us u valuable plant for
improving certain light, sandy soils.
Many have since tested it OH various
soils as a forage plant, with unsatis-
factory results. 1t is too small and con-
tains too little substance to be OF value
where clover or the ordinary grasses will
grow. Moreover, it is somewhat inclined
to become "a weed.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28

Expensive as tho old time fencing is,
it is still the rule in many sections
where the plan of stabling all stock
summer as well rs winter is yet I'M
known. By cutting green food after the
first soiling crops arc ready and putting
up enough cnsilagc to last until soiling
crops are ready again more stock can be
kept on the same land, and if provision
has been made for cutting ard gathering
the soiling crop by horsepower tho ex-
pense need not be greater than the in
terest on cost Of fences and the labor re-
quired to keep them in repair under the
pasture system, according to American
Cultivator, authority for the following:
The failures in sOiling arc due to lack
of calculation and want of PREPARATION SO
as to mako it easy to bring tho soiling
crop to the animals to be fed. 1t is not
good policy to grow tho soiling crop on
tho same land every year. 1t should bo
grown on different parts Of tho farm
and the stock brought beside tho sOiling
crop as it is cut. This will make it nee
cssary TO have 100 to 200 rods of tenn
] pun INV nav 'tlll w l'illpN'N 'NNlg
year and inclOsc anew pasture lot. This
is the best practical means Of making
soiling profitable. The stock stabbed at
night in summer and left in pasture
during the day, with plenty Of cut feed,
make the land very rich after ono sea-
son. They get q comparatively small
part Of feed from the pasture, so it is
only nccdful TO inclosc enough land to
give them exercise. After a years pas
turing the land should be plowcd and
put in some soiling crop, while another
piece should be seeded for use as pasture
the following season.
1t is best to have some hay with soil
ing crops, and the best of all hay is
clover, as it furnishes tho clements of
nutrition than corn silage mostly lacks.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28

gans. Others are larger in size, Others
have surpassed them i'll trotting short
heats, but for dash and win that never
lets up or down tho Morgans stand UNI
eXcelled today.
One of the Morgan herds is owned in
/ Minnesota. From this one the breed has
begun to spread in many quarters. On
the picture is seen the stallion at the
head Of this famous herd. He is now 30
years old and almost as handsome as ho
was when he was young. He is clean
limbed and 1agnifcently shaped. Tho
small, trainy head of this breed is the
perfection of a horse head. It's carriage
is erect, proud and full of spirit ever in
the state of colthood, as is seen in the
young fellow in the illustration. He is
one of the old stations colts.
A Morgan mare is the incarnation Of
intelligence, g%entleness and spirit in
horseflesh. The mares of this family
are particularly potent in stamping
their characteristics on their progeny,
whatever the blood of the sire may be.
For this reason they are among tho
most valuable known to cross with sires
of high blood and nov
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28

Scarcely n week passes in any year
that human lives are not jcopardizcd by
horses taking fright and running away.
The man who can devise some means
which will surely prevent this will be
a great public bencfactor. Some one
who Processes to know states that runa-
way accidents seldom occur in Russia.
The means used in preventing them is
very simple.
1t is asserted that in Russia u horse
that is addicted to the habit Of running
away has II thin cord with a running
moose around his neck at the meek strap,
and the end is tied to the dashboard.
f AT Rome, " says this informant, 81
Jaw in the Curso a phactOn with two
epirited horses bolt. They were driven
by a lady, and expected to SEQ instant
Sdestruction. But the lady coolly grasped
Ia thin cord, and within 30 yards the
horses came to Il full stop. | aftcrward
met the lady at Nice and expressed sur
prise at the skill with which sho stop
ped the runaways.
She treated it as n trifle and told
me accidents from runaway horses are
unknown i'll Russia, as no one but q luna
tic would drive without the cord. When
a horse bolts, he always takes the bit in
his teeth, and the skill of the driver is
useless. The moment the pressure comes
on the windpipe the horse knows he has
met his master. "-EXchango.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
News and Notes.

The farmers national congress will
hold its next session at Parkersburg,
w. Va, Oct. 3 to 6. The delegates are
appointed by the governors of tho states.
The last census shows that there were
623, 2lS, 6l0 acres III farms and that
857, GIG, 755 acres were improved. In
1880 there were 536, 0S1, $50 acres in
farms, 2S4, III, O42 acres of which were
improved. Therefore there was an in
crease of 81, 1876, 7S4 acres of the total
land in farms and 62, $40, 7l3 acres i'm
proved.
1t has been established that in the
case of the apple crop spraying will pro-
tect from 30 to rs per cent of h fruit,
which would otherwise be wormy, and
that in actual marketing experience the
price has been enhanced from 81 to
81 so per barrel, and this at IA cost of
only about 10 cents per tree for labor
and material.
Crop prospects, Oh the whole, and
taking the country at large, are not en-
c~ouraging. Late maturing crops We're
badly damaged by drought over a wide
extent of country.
There are reports Of a very short APP
pie crop not only in England but
throughout continental Europe. Apples
are likely to be scarce and dear this
year.
The department of agriculture states
that ths average condition of the potato
r on Aug. l was the lowest ever re-
ported. There is no hope for a large
crop of potatoes.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28

In England tho word thorough
bred" is applied only to a race horse.
In this country it is used indiscriminate-
ly of all animals Of pure breed. Unless
II bears in mind the English usage,
however, tho term ''thoroughbred'
will be q little confusing. 1t certainly
would DO SO to an Englishman as We
uso it.
Full blood and pure blood mean IN
America the same as Thoroughbred.
Probably the usage here will gradually
conform to that of Great Britain. A
crossbred animal is the product of q
pure blood sire of one breed and a pure
blood dam of another. A grade is an
animal partly fine blooded, partly OF
commo stock. Exchange.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
Highest of all in Leavenng Power-Latest w. Govt Report
@a!:.!!! R Rs7eS
ABSOLUTELY PURE

cash and rs, Cd higher for three months
prompt, and with only slight fluctuations
these prices were upheld this morning,
when a decline Of about rs 6, to los took
place, the closing prices being Eil 1850
Ell lbs Cd for cash, and Ei2Mi2 IS Cd
for three months. The higher
prices established did not fail TO have a
good effect on our market, the more so
as lately comsumpt ion showed signs Of
improvement and we are Informed from
tue large manufacturers that they are
fully occupied, practically for the first time
since the commencement Of the crisis.
The demand for copper for electrical
purposes is especially large, and cOnse-
quently, there is a good demand for
wire bars, which can hardly he filled.
Early IN the week transactions took
place in lake copper at 9Iac. but with a
great many inquiries coming in at this
figure, producers advanced their price,
and during the last few days sales Of i'm
portance have been made at 93tc, at
which price there are still some lots to
he had. For prime electroIytic copper
0i2c has been refused. and generally ga
M93ic is asked. For casting copper
rather a large business has taken place
from 3lgmIc, at which price sellers
would go on for the moment. Arizona
copper has been dealt with in rather
large quantities 1t sac, hut since then
Sac has been refused. In general the
tendency is a very firm one.
In Europe the quotations for refined
and manufactured nave been raised, but
IT is reported that consumers do not buy
freely at the advanced values.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
Using 1t All y.

Few people know how q beef car
cass at the great packing houses is cut
up and disposed of III the way of com
pletc utilization. The long ends of the
tails of cattle are sold to mattress max
ers. The undigested food in the cattle's
stomach is pressed and used for fuel.
Many of the large white hoofs go to
China, where they are made into jewel
ry. The intestines are used for sausage
castings. The bladders are used to pack
putty in. The horns and hoofs are care
fully preserved and sold to tho manu-
f~acturers of combs, buttons, etc. All of
the scrap from rendering operations is
carefully preserved and dried and sold
ITO the fertilizers. The stomachs of hogs,
fnstead of being sent to tho rendering
banks, are now used for the manufac-
ture Of pcpsin. Hogs feet, cattle feet,
hide clippings and tho pith of horns as
well as some Of the bones are used for
Che manufacture of glue. All of the blood
Is carefully preserved and c~oagulated
by cooking with steam, then pressed
md dried and sold to fertilizer manu-
lectures. Bones are dried and either
efound into boneIneal or used for the
manufacture Of bone charcoal, which is
afterward utilized for refining sugar
and in some other refining processes
Exchange.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
GOOD GREAT FALLS GRUB,
That Is What Gives the Japs the Best of
the Corean War.

That Is What Gives the Japs the Best of
the Corean War.
VIM. M. Atkinson, manager of the
Royal Milling company, is not surpri.ed
to learn that the japanese are getting
decidedly the best of it in the war that
is now raging in the orient. There is a
good reason for it in that they are prob
ably feeding on Great Falls flour made
Of wheat raised on the bench lands
around this city, "And by the way"
said Mr.. Atkinson to the TRIBUNE re-
porter, "it is a fact that an analysis
which | have recently made shows that
the wheat raised on the bench lands
around here show a very considerab g in
cIeasei in the mount of gluten, which is
the principle of strength in the flour,
over wheat raised on the bottoms. The
bench land wheat also shows better quail
tiles in analysis than the Dakota and
Minnesota wheat shipped to Mime
apolis."
The Royal Milling company have been
sending several carloads Of their -four to
yokohama, Japan, recently, and the
Japs take SO kindly to the Rex brand
that hereafter it will be shipped regu-
larly. Mr.. Atkinson has plowed about
fifty acres of land below the silver smell
ter and intends to put it into wheat next
spring. The mill is kept busy now night
and day and they are arranging to turn
out 40 barrels of flour d lily, which is
considered pretty good for a mill only
supposed to have a 300 barrel capacity.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
CAUGHT IN LONDON.
Percy Neal, the Fort McLeod Customs
House DefauIter, Caught.


Lieut.-Col. Morris of the Northwest
Territory mounted police, who is at the
Park, states that Percy Neal, the GUS
toms house officer who skipped out with
about 5000 cash which he collected in
his official capacity, has been captured
in London, England. Detective Brooks,
it will be remembered, was here a few
weeks ago looking for him. He had sue.
ceeded in tracing him as far as the
Blackfoot agency, where he left his team
and driver, stating that he Was going to
Shelby junction. 1t appears that he
struck the line OF the Great Northern at
Great Falls and went east. where he
took a steamer for the old country. As
the police on the other side of the water
had peer instructed to look out for him,
he was captured on his arrival in Lon
don. Only $4,000 of the stolen plumber
was recovered, however, as Neal has
been having a good time with his ill
COTTON wealth and bowed most of it in.
Col. Morris states that Neal was a man
of good standing in the community ex-
cept for the habit Of drinking to excess,
which had been the means of losing him
a good position on the police service.
His friends, however, secured him the
position he held in the custom house
service. He left a wife and family in
Canada who are higly respected.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
Live Stock Points.

There is a feeling against white hogs
in tho south because there they are
found in some localities to DO more liza
BILE to skin disease than black hogs are.
The southern horse trade has been
fairly good this summer, which is more
than can be said of the northern one.
An English breeder has ordered from
America five stations and 80 brood
mares, trotting stock. The stations
must have q record above 2:25. These
t~rottors arc to be crossed Oh hackney
stock, the mares with hackney stations,
the sires with hackney mares. The
breeder wishes to zee which will prove
the best cross. He expects in any case
to produce al improved breed of horses.
But American breeders ought to make
that kind of a cross themselves in the
native home of the trotter.
The Poland. China is the most wide
spread breed of hogs in the south. Fol-
lowing closely after it is the lively Berk-
shire, and next the Essex, and the Duroc-
Jersey. The Duroc-Jerseys arc growing
rapidly in popularity because of their
quiet disposition and their excellent
a~daptability to grazing for their living.
At the Worlds fair the saddle marc
Lou Chief was first prize winner in her
class. Since the fair she has been sold
to Mr.. ]. M. Garrett of Woodford coun-
ty, KY. for 81, 800. This is the highest
price ever paid for q saddle mare eve
IN Kentucky.
The duty plain before horse breeders
is to improve their stock. The Same
plain duty is before beef raisers and
dairymen for the matter Of that. Only
by such improvement, and decided i'm
provement, will they be able to hold
their own. The day of inferior stock in
any line is over in America.
Western beef herds have been in phe-
nomenally good condition this summer
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28

Tho house has concurred in the senate
amendment Of tho bill giving to each
state and territory which has desert
lands within its limits such amount of
those lands, not exceeding 1000, 900
acres, us the state may reclaim and cul-
tivato by actual settlers within the
next 10 years. The general government
has in North and South Dakota, Mon
tana, Idaho Washington, Oregon, Colo
RADIO, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah,
Wyoming and California 500, 600, 900
acres of what are known as desert lands,
meaning thereby lands which cannot be
cultivated without irrigation. Thequan-
titles vary by states from l3, 900, 900
acres in South Dakota to "a, 900, 900 in
Montana.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
IN THE POULTRY YARD.
Number of Eggs For a Pullet-Differencs
In Breeds-PropOrtion of BOOSTERS.

In Breeds-PropOrtion of BOOSTERS.
/. On the average, counting all losses,
o many eggs must you actually put
under hens or in incubators to raise one
good pullet? 2. What difference do you
find in breeds in regard to this matter
y. Is the proportion Of ROSTERS greater
among the Leghorns than with some
other breeds? The foregoing are ques-
lions of interest to everybody who raises
poultry, and the following are answers
to the same as given by several authori-
ties on the subject through The Rural
New Yorker: p. H. Jacobs of New
Jersey said:
/. In winter it takes about 2L eggs
on an average to hatch one chick. AL
lowing equal sexes, it would be five
eggs to hatch ono pullet. Some eggs,
however, give better results and some
less. ~ summer the matches arc 10 or
100 per cent better. 2. The more active
the hens the better the oggs hatch. 3.
No. Sexes are nearly if not quite equal.
Samuel eastman Of the Rhode Island
experiment station replied:
i ~ Ihiilp'I Ntlltp WIN DNl npllSt
breeds and locations. 2. With Leghorns
and other active breeds there are moro
fertile eggs, while other breeds are
harder, and fewer Of the chicks die. 3.
From my personal experience years ago,
yes. We have had no Lcghorns here.
c. ii. WycoT answered: l.. Taking
the average for several years, when 7
have hatchcd and raised /, 200 to /, 200
chicks each year, / find that for every
good uullct raised | havo used within II
small fraction Of four eggs. . and 3.
From my experience with other breeds ]
do not find much difference between
them and the Lrghorns i'll regard to this
matter, for while it is a fact that the
Lcghorns, as Il rule, will throw a larger
per cent Of males than some Of the lar
ger breeds it is also true that usually a
larger percentage of their eggs arc fer
tile and hatch better than most other
breeds, while their chicks arc as hardy
and easily reared.
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
QUESTION AND ANSWER.
When n Defective Foal IL Born, Who Pays
the Damages?

When n Defective Foal Is Born, Who Pays
the Damages?
Question: bred my mare to a stand
ard bred horse. When the colt was foal-
ed, it was IN imperfect one and would
have died had l not doctored it. Will 1
have to pay for it, or can I collect dam
ages Of the owner for losing tho use of
the mare?
Answer-There is no general rule Of
law or custom which will cover such
cases, but each one depends for answer
upon its own state Of facts. The service
is made either with or without a guar
antee. If without a guarantee, then, to
avoid payment Of the service, it would
have to be shown conclusively that the
imperfect colt was due wholly to the
stallion. If it could be shown that the
stallion had been getting just such i'm
perfect colts, and that frequently, and
that the owner knew of this fault, but
concealed the fact from the owner Of
the mare, then tho chances would be in
favor of recovering damages from the
stallioncr for loss Of the use of tho
mare. IL would he an extreme case when
this could he done, however.
Ordinarily, without special contract,
the owner of the mare would have to
pay the service fee. The problem of
life" is II of the apparently unsolva-
bile mystorics-at least it is uu-Olvod-
and if in the mating the stallion has
bCgottcn q foal that is as much as ho is
required to do. The strength, condition
and general health Of the foal depend
almost wholly on the care given tho
mare during the next 10 or J. months,
and with this the -tallioncr has nothing
TO do. lie simply says: MY stallion is
potent. The marc is brought. The stall
lion proves his owners statements, and
the fee i, due"
On the other hand, many s%tallioners
take the view that thcy can gain more
friends for their horse by losing tho
service where il does not result in actual
profit to the mare owners. In such cases
the guarantee j. made that ''tho colt
shall stand and suck or 10 charge for
service" This rule is very frequently
adopted in farming communities, and
III effect the stallioner guarantees the
potency of his horse, the efficacy Of his
service, the treatment by the owner
during the pregnancy of the mare and
the skill Of the midwife. He draws tho
line only at the ills of c%olthood, but M
to the time the foAl stands and SUES
the risk is the stallioncr's. Even in
case of this kind it is no more than j"n
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28

81 Marshall Orr of Idaho writes to The
american Sheep Breeder: "Tho wool
kclip in this section is extra clean and
Pine this season. Shcepmen in this To-
cality are blue, as tho clip will not pay
Expenses. For my part, l am tired of
feeding coyotes and commission men.
After Ia years experience with COM
mission houses l have como to the con-
olusion that a grander set of thieves
never lived. 1t has always seemed
strange to me that for wool, grown from
the same breeding as the Ohio sheep,
raised in the Rocky mountains, fed on
alfalfa and kept fat the year round, we
should receive only about half what the
eastern grower does. l admit ours is
much dirtier than theirs, but why is
there such a difference when scoured2
That is the point"
The weekly tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1891-1894, 1894-09-28
THE COPPER MARKE EFT.

Prices are Improved with u strong De-
mand for Electrical Purposes.
The following is taken from the En-
cheering journal:
Rather high prices for copper have
been established this week, the impulse
coming from London, where G. M. BIS
closed on the 14th at cal with an ad-
vancing tendency. On the 18th the
market opened at f41 17s 6d@f42 for