The morning news., 1894-06-04
vent the spores finding suitable lodging
stock Raising.


tic animals will be permitted to roam
over the fields, to enable the people to
suoslst at all. That the waste of nutri-
tlon IN the conversion of the cereals into
beef, butter and pork will then have to be
stopped. and the use of vegetable diet
take the place. of the more concentrated
and expensive articles. Now, however
while stock raising is so extensively car
ried on, more care should be exercised in
their treatment than is the practice A
Canadian, writer in the Farmers Maga-
zine says: IN no branch of agriculture
are the advantages of a careful fore
thought more apparent than in stock
raising. While of much advantage in
any department of farming, or indeed in
any business, its advantages ia stock
keeping are sHperlatively great, owing TO
the niceties of adjustment between the
requisite supplies and probable consump-
ton. One may possess hilly farm, ad-
mirably adapted to sheep husbandry. His
nelghoor may own broad acres in the val
ley which are adapted to the
rearing of totally different
class, of stock, and to stock the
one farm with that class of animals
which should be reared upon the other. is
one of the mistakes that a deliberate ,ex-
erelse ofjudIcious forethought will pre-
vent. The nature ofthe market, toe, will be
considered. II matters not how suitable
farm may be for dalryihg in itself. if
the market is far away, necessitating
frequent Journeys over bad roads to mar
ket the produce, il may be better on such
farm TO grow beef, which may go away
on its own feet, and occupying in It's tran
sit sometimes only day or two in the
year. Similarly farm may be adapted
to growing beef and yet it may be wise to
grow dairy produce, The pros and cons
f,fr 2 L..
and prudent forethought will take these
all in.
In furnishing the necessary supplies of
food its services are very necessary. 1t
is too late to think of growing a supple
ment when the pastures are Drowned and
parched by the sun and winds of midsum-
mer; so, too, if grain is to be purchased
for use in springtime, it will be secured
in autumn when the supply is plentiful
and prices low. The kinds also, that
should be grown will not be left to hap
hazard, but will in the main be decided
upon in the long winter evenings when
there is so much scope for ample deliber-
alton The judicious exercise of fore
thought will generally keep at bay what
is usually calamity to the keeper OF
quadrupeds-thati is overstocking. In any
case it is misfortune as it
necessitates the adoption of one
serious loss. The first is selling the
stock at discount, owing to its under con
dition; the second, buying feed usually
when II is dear. Stock can never be sold
when it is lean except at sacrifice,
whether to the butcher or to the breeder
and the farm that is overstocked cannot,
of course. keep its dependents but in a
lean condition. The stockman with short
supplies is sure to put his animals on a
n wi an hn in1a of
pasture comes. they enter upon it not
much more advanced, it may be, than
when the last pasturage season closed
most of the food fed gone simply to sus-
tain animal life-a regretful waste of the
product of a hard summers toll The
nicieties Of adjustment between the prob
able demands of the stock and the
probable supplies OF food should not
be drawn too fine. The person who
has so balanced the supply and CON
sumption of fodder in an ordinary season
is to be termed fortunate rather than sa-
gacious, for had the winter been but two
weeks longer in duration, a not uncom-
mon contingency, the advance of the
work of the successful winter might have
been neutralized, This but points in the
direction of the wisdom of making
abundant provision. II a supply is left
it may be held over without serious de-
terioration and fed the next season. If
the following season brings with it such a
bountiful supply, the number of eaters
may be increased by purchase if need be,
which is always more easily done than
the disposing of superfuous eaters in the
case of oYerstOeking.
Farmers who sell the major portion of
their grain and hay and winter their
stock mainly on straw are always over
stocked, for their eaters come out in the
spring emaeiated, and, in sense, of less
value than when justly housed in the
autumn. With them there is always a
shortage of supplies, and depend upon it,
there will be q corresponding shortage in
the returns from the stock. Then there
is abundant room for forethought in
making proper provision for shelter. 1t
is not good time to make due provision
for this when the timbers are coated with
ice and a nail adheres to the hand in pick
ing it up. This should be done
in every instance before il is
required, but without the exercise of
abundant forethought it will not be
done Highest success or even mediocrity
Of attainment cannot be reached by the
drowsy farmer. The co6webs must be
kept brushed from the mind and the in
telle.tual faculties kept in active play.
The punishment of the sleeping sentinel
on the warputh, is death that of the
sleeping farmer in the race, defeat. He
must stand upon the watch-tower all the
day, and every working day in the year.
and should even keep vigil sometimes by
night To stock a farm improperly
means loss, it may mean ruin: a mistake
that will take long years to neu-
trahze its i'll effects. Failing to
keep a constant equilibrium between
the supplies of food and the de-
mands upon it throws things seriously
out Of joint. To oyerstock the farm is al
ways attended with loss. To fail to make
timely provision by way of shelter is al
ways followed by loss and Inconvenience
All these and many other things must be
taken in by the farmer who is to succeed,
and when ne has done his best some
caprice of weather or Inconsistency of the
season throws out of gear the machinery
OF the planning of season; and yet. must
we say it, there are infatuated mothers,
and fathers. too, who have so low a view
of the intellectual requirements of him
who is to follow the calling which has
given them bread, that they send away
the sons of promise from their homes and
keep the dummies to manage the farm.
BalinE and Selling Hay.
When hav sells at S5 cents ner h1lndred