The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1894-09-13

saves Cne yearly preparation and seed
ing OF the grains. These grass lots, for
convenience of grazing and manuring,
should be as near the stable yards as
possible, and should be divided SO as to
Craze only part at time. To avoid
unnecessary tramping, three or four
hours day is sufficient, and will give
STOCK all the grazing that they need.
AS fertilizer. nothing supplies the
place OF good farmyard manure. While
the sowing OF grass may be deferred, it
is important to sow
RYE AND BARLEY
lots at once. A rich lot of either is
very desirable, and a farmer cannot Go
better than to secure this valuable addi-
ton to his stock yard.
FALL OATS.
Again would urge, don't be deferred
by fear of winter killing from sowing a
good area in fall oats. If they succeed,
they make at least twice as much as the
spring sown crop, are not more liable to
winter killing than the spring oats are
to destruction from drouth, and if they
fail there is another chance for a crop,
as the same land can be reseeded, or is
in fine condition for a different crop.
FODDER PULLING
is another work which engages our at
tention during the latter days of August
and Sept. /. I have, in this connec-
ton, more than once called attention to
the wasteful practice of leaving the
stalks to decay in the fields, as is the
common practice with southern farm
ers.
Tho fo1lo@-;oc, 6cr,,roe %,.o,,, n 1,,.1lo4:x
OF the New Jersey experiment station
show the constituents in
ONE TON OF CORN STALKS.
FOOD CONSTITUENTS FERTILIzING CONSTR
TUENTS.
Fat. IT lbs. Nitrogen. 1871 lbs
FrOteln.. .6O " Ph. Acid. $50 -
n. fru. eX. and
fibre. 1916. Potash. -. .2O.4O.
By careful analysis, it is shown by
Professor Atwood, of the Maryland sta
ton, that, estimating the weight of
stalks usually left in the field at half a
tonic the acre, which is a fair average,
we waste by adhering to this practice
on each acre constituents to the value of
400 pounds of corn meal, or 1-2 bushels
of corn, and how often do we send to
the west for supplies to make good this
loss!
Another advantage in utilizing the
entire corn product, stalk, blade and
ear, is that we clear our land for sue
ceeding crops, for if impossible to con-
tinue it in cultivated crop, it is still
important to cover it with something,
peas, clover, rye, barley, grass, to pre-
vent the washing and consequent vast
ing of the soil. It has been proved by
high authorities in England that poor,
arabic land, left bare, loses by washing
each year nitrates to the value of 224
pounds of sodium nitrate per acre.
Japan clover offers a hardy plant,
which does well on poor land and, be-
sides holding and increasing the nitro
gen, will furnish grazing, and requires
little care or attention.
GATHERING THE CORN
will soon demand attention. It should
be gathered as soon as it can be safely
stored in the crib. Every day that it
is left in the field, after that time, but
increases the risk of loss and waste.
PEAS AND VINES
should also be gathered and cured. In
previous reports and in the bulletins
from our experiment station, the di-
rections as to the best time for cutting.
and method of curing and storing, have
been very full and explicit
COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS.
The use of commercial fertilizers has
become almost indispensable to our
farm operations, and, in the advocacy
OF the various brands and methods OF
preparing much discussion has arisen
relative to the merits of high grade
goods, reduced by the use of ''f1ller."
as compared with naturally low grade
goods, i'll which the ''filler'' is already
present, being supplied by nature. As
there is some friction and misunder-
standing, I will, in order to promote a
clearer insight into the matter, review
this question as briefly as possible, and
in doing this 1 will endeavor to careful
ly consider the claims of both farmer
and manufacturer and, 1 trust, will do
injustice to neither class of the large
majority of our citizens who are inter
ested, the one, in manufacturing. the
other, in using these goods.
The law states clearly that in each
ton of fertilizer, that is to each 2, 600
pounds, there shall be at least total of
10 per cent. or 200 pounds of the follow
ing elements, which are known to be
available and valuable:
Ammonia, available phosphoric acid
and potash.
The first and most costly, ammonia.
is derived from cotton seed meal. tank.
age, fish scrap, dried blood, and also
from nitrate of soda and sulphate of
ammonia. The second, phosphoric acid,
is obtained by treating the natural
phosphates, and also bone, with sui
phuric acid. and the third, potash. is
derived from kainit and from snlphate
and muriate Of potash. Besides these
there is usually in each ton about 200
pounds of moisture and 10 pounds of
insoluble phosphoric acid, which in
time, becomes available. We have now
accounted for $40 pounds of the Z, 900
pounds composing a ton, but what of
the other 1850 pounds?
This 1860 pounds is certainly large
bulk of comparatively inert material,
if we compare it with the amount of
the available constituents in a ton of
commercial fertilizer. But what do we
find in ton of horse or cow manure or
cotton seed meal? A ton of horse ma.
nure contains only As pounds of the
n