davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
The Name America.

The name of America for the new
ly discovered continent was first pro-
posed in the little volume put forth
at st. Die, in the Vosges. 10 the year
1907. by Waldzeemuller. better
known by the HeIized form OF his
name, Hylacomyius. Three or four
editions Of this treltise were pnb-
lished at ST. Die before 1907, and a
few years afterward an edition with
out date was printed at Lyons by
Jean de la Place. All these editions
arc Of extreme rarity, and probably
that printed at Lyons is the rarest OF
all, though the library Of the British
Museum posse sses two copies OF 1T.
1t has never been suggested that any
mars we're engraved 10 accompany
either Of these editions, but 1t has
always been supposed that the earli-
est map with the word America
marked on the new-found world was
the "Typus Orbis" engraved on wood
for the "Enarrationes Johannis Cam
ertis in c. Julii SOlini Polylstoria, ="
ptinted in Vienna in 1860 for joan
mes Singrenius In this map the new
world is represented as a long island,
on which is the inscription: "Anno d
l497 haze terra cum adj9centibus in
sulis inyenta est per Columbian Ian
uensem ex mandate regis Castelle.
America provincial
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
epARRoWs ON A SPREE.

In fo-,..Ious Planter Saved lis Cotton
by Getting the Birds Dead Drunk.
The English Sparrows hare proved
a nuisance in the cotton country, for
as soon as the pods open they pick
out the cotton and carry it of, and
some planters have lost, as they
claim, hundreds of pounds in this
way. There is one man, however,
on the Mississippi that has not lost
much, says the It. Louis Chronicle.
When he found the sparrOwS were
committing depredation' he pTocu cd
a quantity OF wheat soaked it In
sweetened whisky, and Strcwed 1t
along the rows The sTarrOws found
it and thought they had a picnic.
So they had, but in fifteen OF
twenty minutes there was the tipsieSt
lot Of English sparrOws ever seen on
the face Of this earth. They rolled
about on the ground. falling on their
sides and baci$s and kicking their heels
into the air like parcel Of drunkards,
al the while uttering the most
cvmical squeaks They did not have
long to squeak, however, for the
boys gathered them up and threw
them into bags. The FIRST day they
gathered two bushes Of drunken
;parrowS. Three or four days later
the experiment was repeated with
almost equal sue esS and from time
to time since. They made excellent
pOtpie, but the survivors have evil
IDENTIFY come TO regard the plantation
as hOOdOOed, for now very few come
about it.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
TRIALS OF MOTORMEN.
It Looks Easy Enough 20 Run Car but
II Is Not.

# Looks Easy Enough 20 Run a Car but
II Is Not.
To one who has never tired it, moth.
ing seems simpler than running an
electric car There are Il good many
simpler things, however, and as a
matter Of fact some men who want
Jobs as mOrtOrmen on the street rail
way have to give up because tn y
cannot learn TO handle the car In
the first place, considerable strength
is required to manipulate the brake
properly, and in the next place there
is a peculiar motion turning the
brake handle one way and the crank
for shutting off the power the other
way at the same time that it is not
easy to learn The local railroad ha:
no regular school for training the
men who aspire to run electra cars,
but they have a regular system OF
teaching the recruits the buSiAss, and
every new man has to 90 through a
certain ne Of training before h is
allowed to take charge Of car.
When a man applies for a post'o on
es mot0rman he is placed on the
waiting list, and when the company
begins to get a little short O. men
and his turn comes round he is sent
for and put on car with one Of the
experienced men. For about two
laws he stands on the front Of the
platform Of the car and watches the
driver manipulate the brake and turn
the current on and off, After he has
learned this and become tamil ar
with all the curves and switches he
is allowed to try his hand at running
the car. The first thing he does af-
ter the car starts is to get nervous
and wonder now long it will take h NJ
TO bring it to a standstill after
passenger has gnaled that h wants
to get of. lie begins 10 sweat and
before a car has gone half mile he
is played out and is glad to give up to
his teacher This goes on for about
a day or two until the new man gets
tile confidence, and then he
gradually learns the trick Of stopping
the car so quickly that it will bring
the passengers to their feet
In addition to this he is obliged to
gain a sufficient knowledge Of the
construction Of the motor to be able
to repair slight breaks and put in
burned out fuses. 1t is usually about
two weeks before he is competent to
take charge of a car alone and even
then he can learn something more
yhout running enc every day
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19

ties and good counsels for that boy. That
is her pay for her self sacrifices in his behalf
That Is the bad news from the battle SO the
tidings Of derelict or Christian sons travel 10
the windows of earth or the windows OF
heaven at which mothers sit
"But," says some one, ''are you not mis-
taken about my gloriled mother hearing OF
nv eyildoings since she went awayf' Says
some one else, care you not mistaken aDont
my glorhed mother hearing OF my self sacri-
flee and moral bravery and struggle to 90
right2" No Heaven and earth are IN con
slant communication. There are trains run
ming every Eve mlDutes-trains OF lmmortais
ascending and descending-spirits going
from earth 10 heaven 10 live there. SPIRITS
descending from heaven TO earth to MIN
lister and help. They hear from US
many times every day. Do they hear
good news or bad news from the battle,
this Sedan, this Thermopye, this Austen
litz. In which every one Of us is fighting on
the right side or the wrong side. . GOD,
whose / am. and whom l am trying 10
serve. as result Of this sermon, roll over
on ali mothers a new sense of their responsi-
billy. and upon all children, whether still
in the nursery or out on the tremendous
Esdraelon Of middle life or old age, the fact
that their victories or defeats sound clear
out. clear up to the windows OF sympathetic
maternity. Oh, is not this the minute when
the cloud OF blessing Allied with the exhaled
tears OF anxious mothers shall burst IN
showers OF mercy on this audience?
There is one thought that is almost too
tender for utterance ! almost fear to start
il lest | have not enough control Of my emo
tion TO conclude il. As when we were chill
dren we so often came in from play or from
a hurt or from some childish mjustics prac-
vine and in winter pictured by the Raphaels
of the forest, a real country window. Inc
mother sits there knitting, or busy with her
needle on homely repairs, when she looks up
and sees coming across the bridge OF tne
meadow brook a stranger, VINO dlsmounts III
front ofthe window. He lifts and drops the
heavy knocker ofthe farmhouse door. come
In % is the response. He gives bis name ana
saws. II have come on a sad errand. There
Is nothing the mattar with my son IN the
city, is there?" she asked. Eyes :. he says.
"Your son got into an unfortunate encounter
with a young man In liquor saloon last
night and is badly hurt The fact is he can
not get well. hate to tell you all. am
sorry TO saw he is dead" Dead y she cries
as she totters back. "Oh, my son my son
nv son! Would God had died for thee y
That is the ending OF all her cares and ankle
her of all our earthly experiences,
the holidays. the marriages, the birth hours,
the burials. the heartbreaks, the Losses, the
gains. the victories. the defeats, and she VIII
say: ''Never mind, it is all over now. see
each one OF you has crown, which was
given YOU at the gate as you came through
Now cast il at the feet OF the Chrlst VINO
saved Won and saved me and saved us all.
Thank God. we are never to part, and for all
the ages Of eternity you will never again
have to ask. Where mother
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
Farm AND HOUSEHOLD.
EGG RAISING.

Because there is money in hogs a.
present it is not we'll that the farmer
should give up everything else to rush
into this business. To find profit in
it good breeds of hogs must be raised
and the work must be properly con-
Quoted.
There are many good breeds OF
swine, each of which has certain char
acteristics which recommend it for
certain localities, and the farmer must
be governed accordingly. The Ches-
tiers, Sulfolks and Yorkshires are dis
posed to become fat the Cheshire,
Berkshire and Poland China are more
inclined to produce lean meat, while
the Duroc-Jerseys need less care.
The next point is to study the
methods of feeding, so as to get the
largest and the quickest returns for
the least money; III other words, to
combine size and maturity. Hitherto
the greatest drawback the swine
breeders have had to struggle against
has been hog cholera. The CHIEF
cause of this disease is now believed tc
be too much com. This grain does
not furnish the necessary nourlshment
for the bone and muscle. The animal
takes on too much fat, and falls an easy
victim to disease.
While retaining corn as an impor-
tant article of diet, it should be en-
ployed chiefly for fattening the hog
for market. During the growing stage
proper food elements must be sup
piled in proper proportion. Protein
is the most important element, and it
can be found in such food as clover,
peas, roots and oatmeal.
1t is estimated that in summer one
acre of good clover will almost entire
ly support seven full-grown hogs.
This is the kind of food that will keep
the animals strong and healthy. Milk
is one of the most valuable aids in hog
raising. In fact, many say that with
out it there is no profit in pig raising
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
HOUSEHOLD HlNiS.

Salt fish are most quickly and best
freshened by soaking in sour milk
To heat the whites Of eggs quickly
put in a pinch of salt The cooler the
eggs the quicker they will froth. Salt
cools and also freshens them.
Never wash bread board in an iron
.int The iron will leave a black mark
On the board. which it is difficult to
romove Wash the board on the table
who're # has been used with cold water,
scrubbinr occasionally with sand soap.
All dishes should be scraped before
washing. A small wooden knife is best
eor +h;s nurpose. Bread and cake
bowls or any dishes in which flour OF
..,,. have been used, are more easily
cleaned if placed in cold water after
using.
Lavender, loosely strewed in bureau
drawers and presses, is an excellent
preventive of moths. For fans, feath-
ors snd other small belongings that
need protection the aromatic flowers
a-e especially useful, since they lend a
fragrance as we'll as keep off the de-
stroyer.
Kitchen mineral soap or pumice
stone may be used freely on all dishes.
II will remove the stains from white
knife handles, the brown substance
that adheres to earthen or tin baking
dishes and the SCOT which collects on
pans or kettles used over wood or
kerosene fire.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
Journalist and Composer.

A poor journalist came to Gounod
once and begged him to write song
for him-that is, the music-promis.
ing to pay the composer with the
profits. and asking him to confer this
favor on HIM as a charity, alleging
restitution, wife and family in want,
etc. Gounod's answer was: "MoD
pauvre ami, taking up a piece OF
MS. music and pressing i into the
applicants hand, "don't speak to me
CT repayment CT you will offend me-
Take this; have Just written 1t, and
think it pretty. Do what you like
with it, and il it be the means Of
bringing sunlight into your home J
shall be more richly repaid than by
any money. The only thing should
advise you to do in your own interest
is not to sell the song outright. You
will get a more lasting benefit by 1t ID
reserving your rights and contentin8
yourself with n royalty"
The journalist followed Gounod's
advice, and five years later, which
had from the very first brought him
in on income Of $2lOO, or 5000 a
month. this income was still continu'
ing. The recipient of Gounod's bounty
never came near him but once to
thank him, and all the maestro said
was "Thank God for having given
me a talent by which l can make peo-
pie happy l"--Chicago Herald
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
How Bertha Did It.

Five lovely white kittens, and
mamma says they must all be
drowned" Bertha cried about it.
The twins. Cora and Clarence, cried
too Walter looked gloomy, and little
Jamie wiped his eyes on his pinafore.
"Why? Why? Why" walled the cho-
rus. because, said mamma, firmly,
lit is the most merciful thing to do.
We can't keep five cats; and Pm sure
you don't wish to give up old Tabby
ev,n for one of her kittens. 1t is
better to drown them while they are
little than to send them away to be
starved or neglected. WAT till
they get just a little bigger, and let
me try to find homes for them"
begged Bertha. well, you may try
y" said mamma.
So. after few weeks, Bertha wrote
e little notes. This is what each
Jne said: Il am a poor, little, home
less kitten. Please give me a morsei
Of milk and a corner Of the hearth
10 seep." one note was signed
SNOW" one Snowflake, one Snow
White" one "Snowdrop" and one
".nowball." People will know that's
each ones name, said BERTHA.
Then she tied the note around
each kittens neck with pretty rib
bon. One day Bertha took a walk,
with five kittens in a basket; and
when she came back the basket was
empty 81 lett Snow at old Mrs
Gray's," she said, Old Mr.. and Mrs
Gray have nothing to amuse them,
so guess they will keep Snow. 1
took Snowflake to Mrs. Kings door
Jimmy King is lame and I'm sure he
will be glad to see Snowflake. l put
Spowdrop into Miss Spinster's win
dow. 1t was open. There isn't a
soul in the house besides her. and
Snowdropll be splendid company. l
lert SNOWFALL in the yard of the
house where the two pairs of twins
live at the end Of the road. II they
only won't pull her tall Then |
stopped at Aunt Susie's for drink
of water. And l told her all about
it: and she laughed, and said she'd
keen Snow White herself Snow
Whites the prettiest. And, strange
to say. the kittens did really find a
welcome and good home just where
Bertha's loving hands had left them.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
BEE NOTES.

In collecting honey from the hives
care should be taken to have it clean
as possible.
In many cases the smoker does not
act as a safeguard from stings when IN
the hands of novice.
Well-ripened honey will not granu-
late so readily as that which Is thin.
Cold seems to be the chief element IN
granulation.
Carniolans differ from the ordinary
black bees in being slightly larger
Silvery gray bands give them a ringed
appearance.
Comb honey will last for years if
always kept dry and uniformly at
about eighty degrees. It is said that
under these conditions its quality will
improve.
Bees do better when they have part
honey and part syrup and sugar to
live on during cold weather. They will
winter better If given some genuine
honey for food.
1t will pay, if you can afford it, to
attend a meeting of some one of the
different bee-keepers associations,
which hold their meetings generally in
December and January.
If possible visit some successful bee
keeper during the winter months, tall,
the matter over with him and find out
his methods. You will get Some val
liable points not down in the books.
Bees winter better if they have part
honey and part sugar and syrup to
live on during the cold weather. They
need some genuine honey for food
and it is false economy to try TO do
without it.
An ordinary hive Of bees contains
from four to five pounds of bees, or
between 90, 600 and %, 600 individuals
but some swarms have double this
weight and number of bees.
Experiments made with honey as a
substitute for sugar in the msnufac-
ture Of jellies, preserves. etc, are said
to have been successful. Alittle more
boiling is necessary, but rather lesser
amount Of honey.
Careful weighing shows that an or
binary bee, not loaded, weighs the one
five-thousandth part of pound, SC
that it takes 5000 bees, not loaded, to
make pound. But the loaded bee,
when he comes in fresh from the fields
and flowers loaded with honey or bee
bread, weighs nearly three times as
much-that is to say, he carries near
ly twice his own weight. OF loaded
bees there are only about 1900 IN the
pound, says the American Agricul-
turist.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
KNOWLEDGE
,rirr. comfort and improvement and

Brings comfort and improvement ana
tends to personal enjoyment when
rightly used. The many, who live bet
ter than others and enjoy life more, With
less expenditure, by more promptly
adapting the worlds best products to
the needs of physical being, will attest
the value to health of the pure liquid
laxative principles embraced In the
remedy, Syrup Of Figs.
Its excellence is due to its presenting
IN the form most acceptable and pleas
ant to the taste, the refreshing and truly
beneficial properties of perfect lax
alive; effectually cleansing the system
dispelling colds, headaches and feyer'
and permanently curing constipation;
1t has given satisfaction to millions ana
met with the approval of the medical
profession, because it acts on the hid'
news, Liver and Bowels without weak
ening them and it is perfectly free from
every Objectionable substance.
Syrup Of Figs is for sale by all drug
cists in SOC and 81 bottles, but it is man
ufactured by the California Fig Syrup
Co. only, whose name is printed on every
package, also the name, Syrup OF tlgs
and being well informed, you will mol
accept any substitute if offered.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
FARM AND GARDEN NOTES.

Strawberries should be mulched be-
fore the ground freezes.
Horned stock used for breeding are
almost always kept too fat
More COWS are injured from under
feeding than from overlooking.
In orchards a good mulch is fair
substitute for frequent culture.
Churning the cream is the only &C
curate test Of what a cow is doing.
How much fat do you leave in your
skim milk for the pigs and calves?
A clean garden in the autumn IS the
sign of good and careful gardener.
Sheep do more for the fertility of
the soil than any other kind of stock.
If you want your stock to keep their
appetites feed only as much as they
will eat up clean.
The cheapest manner of applying
bones in small quantities is to reduce
them by burning.
Fresh soil in the pig pen helps to
correct acidity of the stomach and
keep the pig healthy
The better your stock is cared for
the more flesh they will put on Tor /"
given amount Of feed.
A COW, to be really profitable, must
give a good yield of milk for at least
nine months of year.
Sheep growers should go IN Tor
those sheep which furnish the best
mutton and good wool.
Professor Henry says that If the lat
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
Cloihcs.polc Men in New Orleans.

1t would never Go 10 Wllte lettcIS
from New Orleans and to forget to
mention our old clothes-pole men.
Gathering clothes-poles, which are
really the slender trunks of young sap
lings from our woods, trimming off all
their twigs excepting the one at the
tin, which is left to form a crotch to
hold mp the clothcs-line, drying them,
and peddling them from their shoulders
in the streets-such is the regular
business of some of our old colored
men. We have had the same one SELF
ing in our uptown district ever since ]
can remember, and when he passes
along we can hear his song for more
than square away, and it Is very
pretty. 1t doesn't seem to have be-
ginning or end or middle, but it is full
of melody, and when We first hear 1t
we children often run to the gate and
wait to see him come, and presently We
see a shabby black man, old and bent,
with white hair and beard, and big
bundle of clothes poles over his
shoulder. He looks as if the poles
were part of himself, and as if he and
they and his song all belonged away
ont in the woods somewhere.
We don't often want to buy clothes
poles, as they don't wear out very fast,
but once our cook broke one III polk
ing under the ciStern after a cat, and
so we had to have new one, and
mamma gave us children the dime and
let us hail the old man and buy pole
from him, and it was splendid fun.
He came in and sat on the steps,
and we gave him some cold biscuits
and saucer of molasses and he cutup
a lot of shines for us. He sang and
danced Just a little, and then he told
MS that If we'd look hard enough at the
crotch OF the clothes-pole we had
bought we would see little tiny gray
squirrel coming ont of it, and while
We were looking at the end of the pole
he snatched a big red rose off the vine
and stuck it in his shirt front and ran
out of the gate, laughing as loud as he
could, and in minute we heard his
song again, going down the street.
Maybe some persons may wonder
what [ mean by saying the cook chased
a cat "under the cistern, as in a great
many places the cisterns are under
ground, but ours are on top.
In New Orleans all our drinking
water is rain, caught on the roofs %
the houses, and carried by pipes into
great big tanks made good deal like
barrels, but without buigy mluoIes'
and broader at the base than the top.
They are held together by strong iron
hoops.
These cisterns hold thousands o.
gallons of water, and many of them SIT
on brick foundations. Ours do. We
have two cisterns, and the little rooms
under them are for keeping old empty
bottles and garden tools in, and
strange cats. At least the cats seem tc
think they are for that, and good
many kittens have been born in them
too. -Harper's Young People
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
somebody's Good,

To make our own troubles the means OF
helping the troubles OF others Is a noble ef-
fort for good. A well illustrated instance oil
this kindly sympathy IS shown in letter
from Mr.. Enoch L. Hanscom, School Agent,
MarshAeld. Me-. an old Union soldier He
SAYS at may do somebody some good 10
state. I am a man Of sixty and when forty
had bad knee and rheumatism set in.
was lame three years and very bad most OF
the time. l got st. Jacobs OF! and put it on
three times and it made a cure. am now in
GOOD health"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19

Flower

81 am Post Master here and keep
q Store. Ihave kept August Flower
lor sale for some time. l think it IS
a splendid medicine" f. A. Bond,
P. NJ, Pavilion Centre, NY.
The stomach is the reservoir.
If it fails, everything fails. The
liver, the kidneys, the lungs, the
heart, the head, the blood, thenerves
all go wrong. If you feel wrong,
look to the stomach first. Put that
right at once by using August
Flower. 1t assures a good appetite
aud a good digestion. =
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
Could Throw Stones.

The Acarnanians were considered
the most skillful singers Of Greece.
The weapons we're used not only 10
throw stones, but balls Of lead, and
in some localities, especially in the
Plain of Marathon, many Of these
metal projectiles have been found.
The relics are interesting from the ia
scriptions and devices cut upon
them, which consist Of the names OF
persons and appropriate epithets, the
legend in many cases meaning, when
fully translated, Look out. D."
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1894-01-19
THE Emperor Francis Joseph ha:

THE Emperor Francis Joseph ha:
made over the house and grounds al
Meyerling, which belonged to hi:
son. the unfortunate Crown Prince
Ru1olph. TO the Sisters Of the Third
order OF ST. Francis Of ASsissium.
II is estimated to be worth 1000, 00C
forms. A sum Of $50, 900 forms I:
nut at the disposal Of tho suns on
condition that they will keep up an
almonry for twelve men beyond
work.