The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1894-10-04
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

DIR. Cathell, in the Maryland Medi-
cal journal. advances the opinion that
fasting during the long interval be-
tween supper and breakfast, and espe-
cially the complete emptiness of the
stomach during sleep, adds greatly to
the amount of emaciation. sleeplessness
and general weakness so often met.
Prof. Spencer computes the age OF
Niagara Falls at about $4,000 years. 1t
is now eight thousand years since Lake
Huron emptied into Lake Erie for the
first time. The land has risen about
the outlet of Lake Erie. and if the pres
ent rate continues, in five or six thou
sand years the waters of the four up
per lakes viii be turned into the Mis-
sissippi river drainage at Chicago.
A scientific authority states that
by Saturating Il bullet with vaSeline its
fight may be easily followed with the
eye from the time it leaves the muzzle
of the rifle until it strikes the target.
The course of the bullet is marked by
ring of smoke. caused by the vaseline
being ignitcd on leaving the muzzle of
the gun.
"A rainmaller in India has an appara-
tus consisting of a rocket capable of ris-
ing to the height of mile. containing
a reservoir of ether; in its descent il
opens a parachute, which causes it to
come down slowly. The ether is thrown
| out in fine spray and its absorption of
! heat is said to lower the temperature
about it sufficiently to condense the
| vapor and produce limited shower.
When the horse sleeps it is said
! that one ear is directed forward, why
| is not known. writer i'll the English
| Mechanic thinks this is to guard against
| danger being a survival of their origi-
! nally wild habits. lie says Watch d
horse asleep through the window of his
stable and make faint noise to the
front. That ear will be all attention,
and probable the other will fly round
| sharply to assist Now let him go to
sleep again. and make the same noise
to the left The forward ear still will
keep his guard, with possibly a light
ming flick around, only to resume its
former position.
DR.. McClintocll. of the University
of Michigan, has performed expert
mentS which indicate that eggs may
become affected with microbes before
they are laid. A healthy hen, after
repeated washingS in sterilizing sOlu-
tions, was placed in sterilized cage.
As soon as possible after being laid, a
portion of her eggs We're placed in
I sterilized cotton and then in an incu-
bator. All these eggs decayed and
swarmed with bacteria. The remain
! ing eggs We're taken as soon as laid
and cultures were made from their con-
tents Some of these culture tubes de-
veloped; others remained sterile. After
| some days the hen was killed, and
| with proper aseptic precautions culture
tubes were inoculated from various
portions of the oviduct. Most of these
| tubes developed. 1t would thus seem
probable that the putrefactive bacteria
entered the egg in its passage down
the oviduct and before the shell was
formed
| -Cermanv leads the lists of beer
| producing countries. according to the
trade report for 1898, just published,
with ]. POP, 49,. O74 gallons, an increase
of over $4,000 900 gallons over 1892;
% 4 gallons a head was the average
for the empire, the product ranging
from 81 gallons in Bavaria to T. in
ss-Lothringen. Great Britain was
good second with l,164, 1922 gal
Ions of malt liquor, over 50 gallons a
head. America INCLUDING South Amer
ica) came next with 1,0s4, ABB. 400 gal
Ions, 16 gallons per head. Then come
Austria with S5,256, 16S gallons, Bel
gium with 2O9, s16,174. France with
1876. $50, 800 gallons. Russia with 9s,63S
s92 gallons; Denmark hrewed 40 mil
lion gallons. Holland SO million, Sweden
2S16 million. Switzerland &c l-6 million
gallons. The other countries for which
statistics are given all produced less
than 20 million gallons a piece The
total output of malt liquors in Europe
and America was 1900 million gallons,
in making which 1.2IO,O 600 tons of malt
and 50 900 tons of hops We're used