The Newtown bee., 1894-05-11

put the last washers on, and of course there is another set to put on right. The man who has the washers to cut should always have the carriage to cut the washers by. If he does not. it iS only guesswork for him, there being % many different styles of axles ot the same pat tern. When worn take q different sty le washer than W hen new.
 The man having charge of the exami- nation of aXies should be very particular and see that everything is right, as. if he does not, they will get heated, stick and spoil the axle, for which we will get the blame, although he may not always be in fault, as manufacturers of aXleS are now fitting boxes to aXles ve y close. the same as though for stationary machin- cry, which is rather too fine for the bouncing carriage receives, and they should be more particular about the it. ting of boxes, seeing that they go up sol i'd at the shoulder without a back washer on; as in case of heating, niue cOachmen out of ten will take the back washer off, which is wong, us the axle tapering the l further the box goes back the tighter it gets.
 Axles are usually One-fourth inch long 1 CT than the box to allow for the front and back washers, which are necessary to i prevent rattling and tearing away of the l COlldT anu nut uuL l nave ubtlctu ID | many of the finest makes of aXles, after taking off the back washer, that the box would not Z O back any further, and would allow but one-siXteenth inch for a front washer. which is not enough, and would last but a day or so if it wears on l the front, and if 1t wears out on the back the box will stick. Having in my exper- | fence had several cases of this kind if they do not allow for three-sixteenth inch washer in the nut grind them down until they vill. and then put up a one. eighth inch washer on the back and ill
 up the front so that the wheel will run
 free without rattling, since adopting
 which plan 1 have not had box to stick
 In fitting axles, 1 clean the box of all
 paint, varnish and gummy oil with tur'
 pentine, seeing that the box will go with in One-siXteenth inch of the shoulder ,theI
 put one-eighth inch washer in the bacl
 so that it fits tight on the axle, after sat
 urating it well with oil, fitting in th shoulder of the box so as to work free
 and when the wheel is takea off the bacl washer remains on the arm; when s, loose as to come off it is apt to get dirt O sand on it, and in putting it on it vii brush the grease back to the collar ant get over the back of the hub.
 The nut washer 1 fit tight to the nut. ! a fiange nut, working fee on the arm, s that it will not drop in the dirt. For oi ] ing l use a mixture of pure sperm Q with enough plumbago in it to make it little thick, not putting on more than hal a teaspoonful at time, as more than tha will work out. For washers 1 prefe leather to any of the many different ms terials they are made of; it may not las
 as long but answers the purpose best, 8
 it absorbs the oil and becomes soft, g
 hon yu0rn litrla thin
 will not have the rattling noise SO ofte
 noticeable. Owners of carriages shout
 never let wheels get more than ene-eighI
 inch play on the arm without getting ne'
 washers on, or the wheels will commenc l to wobble and wear the axle oval, or tn
 box too large for the axle, for sometime
 the axle will be found to be the hardest
 Inattention to the washers ruins man
 axles.-G G. F. in Carriage Monthly.