Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1894-04-12
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.
--1ron ore 10 mined III thirteen de
/ partments In France, the total number
of mines or workings in activity being
about sixty. The total production O
iron ore Of all kinds is about 9, 500, OOt
tons year, the average value of which
at the place Of production is given al
/ 8h francs. Engineering Magazine.
Galvani's discovery Of the motion
of frogs legs on the application o.
certain metals was accidental. Madame
was i'll and the doctor prescribed frog
soup. The frogs had been skinned and
laid on the table in her husbands
laboratory, where, by chance, they
came in contact with some of his ap
paratus.
In the higher attitudes of North
Carolina, though relatively dry and
equable, the variations of tempera,
ture, says DR.. A. N. Bell, amount tc
twenty degrees between day and
night, requiring special care on the
part of invalids in regard to clothing
adapted to the change on the going
down of the SUM-
The French wine crop of 1898 was
very superior, both in quantity and
quality, Notwithstanding the great
drouth. The total product is officially
reported at 49,sOO, 600 hectoliters, OF
1895, 5000 gallons, exclusive of the
crop of Corsica and Algeria. 1t exceeds
by 20, 100000 hectoliters, or 459, 800, 600
gallons, the crop of 1892, and by still
greater excess the average of the last
ten years.
DR. Paul GARNER, of Paris, has
made special study of-those slum
children that are the offspring Of ha-
bitual drunkards. He says: There is
a flaw in the very nature of these
young wretches that the psychologist
sees clearly and notes with apprehen-
sion-the absence of affectionate emo
tions, and where they did not become
lunatics they show 'insensibility and
pitilessness -
Three patients in New York's great
charity hospital took smallpox from
association with an obscure case that
was allowed to spend the last week OF
his life there. The true diagnosis was
made on the dissecting table, but it is
said, in defense of the doctors who
didn't discover the smallpox when
the man was alive, that he had devel-
Oped so many of the most manifest
symptoms of great-pox as to compli-
cate the case and obscure the symp-
toms of the smallpox.
The United States coast survey
steamer Hassler is vessel with a his
tory. She was built for surveying the
route from Panama to San Francisco,
| and Prof Louis Agassiz, with num-
Der of scientific companions, was al
lowed by the government to take pas
sage on the vessel and make observai
tions and collections during her voyage
around Cape Horn to the Pacific coast
She left Boston on her maiden trip in
December, 1871, and arrived at Sun
Francisco the next August. The ZOO
logical collections made at that time
were large and added much to the
knowledge of scientists.
The production of pig iron in Ger
many in 1898, as reported by Stahl und
Eisen, was 1858, 14S metric tons, an in
crease of 100, 145 tons over that OF 1892,
which was 4,793, OO3 tons. The year
was not very favorable one for, the
German ironmasters, who have had a
comparatively light demand and con-
| sequent tendency to lower prices to
contend with, and apparently no re-
auctions in costs have been effected to
balance the account. While last year
showed only a small increase in pro-
| duction, however, the German iron out
put has grown rapidly of recent years
from 1914, 900 tons in 1877 to 1888,
600, or over three times as much, in
1S92-and promises to increase still
re.-Engineering and Mining Jour-
nal.
The exports of iron and steel from
Great Britain in 1898 were 2Ss4.279
tons (of 2,240 pounds). an increase of
144, 062 tons, or 5.3 per cent. over 1892
The exports were made up as follows:
Pig iron, S39, 500 tons; rails, 55S, S26 tons:
hoops, sheets and plates, 1875, $40 tons;
bars, angles and rods, las, 931 tons; iron,
cast or wrought, $50, SIS tons; steel, un-
wrought, 1863, 764 tons; tinplates, $40, 233
tons; wire, IS, 1877 tons; old iron, lis, 551
tons; man ufactures of iron and steel,
is, 531 tons. Imports of iron and steel
in 1898 were 297,773 tons, decrease of
1854 tons, or IL per cent. from 1892.
The imports of iron ore in 1898 were
4,O65, 1868 tons, being 1872 tons or 10
per cent. greater than in 1892. -Engi-
peering and Mining Journal.
LEPROSY IN INDIA.
Some of the Sources to Which Its Preva-
lence Cannot be Ascribed.
It has often been popularity said that
fish eating is main cause of leprosy,
and some scientific men hold the opin-
ion that fish introduce the bacillus int
the stomach, or stimulate it to activity
when it already resides in the tissues.
Against this theory, popular and scien-
| tific, there are the facts that no bacilli
have been discovered in fish; that
castles which never touch fish furnish
their due contingents of lepers, and
that the disease is not more rife in dis
tricts bordered by the sea and large
rivers than anywhere else. On the
other hand, leprosy is common in hill
tracts, where fish is a very rare article
| of food.
Mr. c. Conybeare, who some time ago
was apprehensive that leprosy was due
to the high price of salt, will be much
relieved to hear that, by statistics to
which no exception can be taken on
the ground of inaccuracy, the con-
sumption of salt is shown to be twice
as great as the increase of the popula-