The herald., 1894-06-24

include the whole class, but Professor
Chute, of the Florida experiment sta
zion, who has kindly sent Us some notes
on the varieties "a they are known IN
Florida, says that they are no longer
used in this generic sense in that state.
Mikan appears to be the generic term
for oil these fruits in Japan, while Kan
is the Chinese term.
The King orange, which does not ma
,ure until May, is highly priced for this
lateness of ripeniBg as we'll as for lite
excellent flavor. The fruit is large and
knotty and could hardly be described as
beautiful The Satsuma ripens even
earlier than the Mandarin or Taugerlne;
that is about the middle OF October, and
it usually commands q high price on
account OF its extreme earliness, though
it is not as sweet as the other other va
rieties OF this species. The fruit 10
about the same size as that OF the Tam
gerine. The color of its rind is some
what intermediate between that of Tan
gerine and Mandarin, but its shape is
more nearly that OF the common orange,
being round rather than fiattened. As
between the Mandarin and Tangerina,
the former ripens earlier, or about the
middle OF December; the latter ripens
a month later. The Mandarin is
larger, is OF a lighter orange
color, it has q coarser pulp. It's
stem is surrounded by larger
knobbed eminence, its rind is
more hsbby, and the proportion OF rind
to pulp is larger. 1t is considered
sweeter. more sugar like, that is, than
the tangerine. but lacks its sweet flavor.
Because OF this flavor and because of
greater juiciness the market price of the
tangerine is generally 10 per cent above
that of the mandarin. The mandarin
and tangerine trees may be described as
dwarf, while the satsuma tree, although
larger than either OF the others, would
be called semi-dwarf, since 1t rarely
reaches the size OF the ordinary orange
tree. The lanceolste leaves OF the man
DARN tree give it very much the appear
ance of an ordinary willow. The foliage
of the tsngerine more closely resembles
that of the common orange, though the
leaves are smaller. The sstsuma is de-
acribed az thornless, the mandarin
nearly so, while the tangerine has more
thorRs than either OF the others.
den and Forest.
RELATING TO FIGS.
The state board OF horticulture has
published in pamphlet form the method
for curing and packing figs adopted by
Mr.. George Ray mond. of Kern county,
who has an enviable reputation for sue
cess in this work. The following will
be OF great interest to fig growers gener-
ally.
81 have learned two things OF great
importance by experience. The first is,
that the tree must not be irrigated later
than six weeks before the fruit ripens.
The second is that as soon as the nights
grow cool and there is the least indics-
ton of dew, l at once stop curing. In
either case, il these rules arc not carried
out the figs will ferment within very
few months after curing; these rules APP
ply here. / keep my trees as close to
the ground as possible, heading out at a
foot to eighteen inches. Ny trees have
a very dense foliage, so close that from
the outside you can rarely look we'll into
the tree. This, l find, prevents great
deal of sunburD ON the fruit, to which |
the fig is liable. My best figs come
from the inside. My trees have no So
called first crop. The White Adriatic
has only one crop. A good thing, as l
am satisfied that crop will not cure and |
keep well. The fruit begins ripenina
about the middle OF August is all picked |
in about ak weeks or less"
LEMON CULTURE IN ITALY.
Maj. O. ]. Berry of Visslia has had
lately with Consul
Weodcock at Catania, Italy. ON the sub.
ject of lemon culture there. The follow
ing from that source will prove interest
nag to California lemon growers:
GGTbasa nrah rdo viald tho hoof ranrlfa
which are most distant from the sea and |
are not OF such sp altitude as to be af-
Iected by frost. The rich valleys above
the sea level, where an abundance OF
water can be had for irrigation, abound
IN the beat orchards. Some orchards
are very close to the seashore. Such a
location is, of course, not desirable for
The culture Of this fruit. The trees 80
near the sea are more liable to disease, I
and the quality of the fruit is not SO
good as that of the orchard more dis
tant.
Artificial irrigation is necessary. In
many instances it is elevated from wells
by steam or mule power. The ground
between the trees is cultivated at least
i've timeS between March and October.
Vegetable crops between ths trees are
The trees produce an av-
srage of 1000 lemons annually. Gases
are mentioned where trees produce ten
times this number. The lemons gath
ered in November are the ones TO hold
ior their keeping qualities. The are
supposed to keep six months"
AN APRICOT SALE.
The recent sale of coming crop OF
apricots ct IL cents pound on the
Tree, figures out pretty handsomely, al
though there are those here who think
he purchase will net the buyer very
srge profit, says the Bakersfield Califor-
lian. One cent and a half ON the tree
means Ito cents in the shipping box.
or picking, packing and box cost alto
yether about 6.10 of a cent a pound.
Four-year-old trees not infrequently
Yield 200 pounds OF spricots, or IS per
rec. This makes the sum of $32j per
,cre paid for the fruit on the tree, or
1920 per acre in the box. Twenty live
dollars per acre will amply cover care
or the orchard during the year and
thinning the fruit. Another S25 per acre
will pay the cost of pruning, irrigsting
md all other expenses. So that this
ale OF fruit at the price of l = cents
pound on the tree. means net profit
Der acre OF 1914. AS prominent fruit
grower recently remarked: The man
Who is not satisfied with such profit
Der acre, in hard times like these, muat
nave brietles growing out of him."
Even reducing the average product
,ne-half, and cutting the price one
bird, making the average yield 100