The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1894-01-31
ORIGIN OF PEACE SOCIETIES.
Principles and Purposes Of Their
Formation.
Part Third)
By DIR W. f. DARBY.

A Paper read at the Chicago Peace Con-
gress, 1881
Part Tbird)
Declare that they regard it as a
duty to defend and 10 propagate. to
the best of their ability, those great
principles of mutual respect which
ought to be the coummon charter OF
the human race;
"And with this view, they do here!
by constitute themselves a Committee
for the organization of all lnterna-
tIonal and Permanent League OF
Peace"
This declaration formed of model of
some of the later Societies. Heer Van
Eek, for instance, writing to Mr.. II.
Richard from the Hague, announcing
the formation of the Dutch Peace So
ciety, which is still in active operation
saws, in October, 1870, 1--WE have ad-
opted basis similar TO that of the first
Committee of the Paris League of lS-
81, and shall include in our ranks per-
sons of each of the political parties and
also members OF the several religious
denominations, whether Protestant,
Catholic or jewish"
Thus the Paris League of 1867 be.
came the type of another section OF
the Peace Army. Its principles differ
ed widely from those of the older SO.
cieties though equally with them its
purpose was Peace, and 1t was always
in close alliance With them and moved
largely OH the same lines.
A still wider departure was made in
the formation OF the International
League of Peace and Liberty, at Gene
va in the same year-a departure SC
great as to create some misgivings on
the part of Others already associated
| with the movement. During the
twenty-five years OF It's history. this
Society has done yeoman service in the
Peace cause, and, under its genial, and
noble hearted Founder and President
NJ. Charles Lemonnier, to the wide
cause of human freedom. But the al.
vanced political opinions of the Lea
que, its qualified endorsement Of war
EMPHASIZED by the fact that Genera
Garibaldi presided at the Congress by
which it was constituted and that lie
avowed object to substitute national
militia for u standing army, was suffi'
ceint to awaken some hesitation, es
pecially on the part of those who Oh
| iected to war itself, and not to the
mere means or form Of organisation by
which war was to be waged.
Accordingly, We find NJ. Passy de-
claring, on behalf of his Society
"There has never been between the
Peace League, established in Paris by
a certain number of individuals whose
names have been published, and tht
Congress of Geneva, held later in tha
CITY, any sort of solidarity. We frank
ly confess we do not understand Peact
as those of Geneva appear TO view l
and that we desire it in the means
used as we'll as in the ents."
An official statement made on be-
half of the League expresses its prln
ciples and purposes thus: The grea
object of the League was universe
Peace; and the only means of acquir
ing it was to establish an inter-com
mHnication of feelings between tn
different peoples. and afterwards 10 Sc
cure to them the means of avertint
any wars which would not result IL
general good. All they desired waste
Show to the world that there was
way for establishing good Government
and universal friendship Throughout
Europe" In this object Of the Lea
que, all can surely join and, speaking
in one of the great cities of the United
States of America, l may be pardonec
if l express the devout aspiration tha
some OF us may live to see the attain
ment of its great Idea as one o
the surest guarantees of Peace
in the creation of 1.-The united States o
Europe"
The League is both parent and type
of another very large Part of our Peace
forces.
A branch of the League of Peace ant
Liberty was formed in London in De
cember, 1868, by Mr.. Cremer ant
others. This was followed IL July. Is
70, by the same pesons and, therefore
on the same lines, of the Workmen's
Peace Association, now designated tht
International Arbitration League
which is one of the principal British
Societies, and of which Mr.. Cremer il
still the able and indefatigable Secre
tary.
The other of the chief Societies j!
"The International Arbitration anC
Peace Association" which is the type
of the more recent European Societies
and the parent of many of them
The chief purposes of the Association
are declared to be -
II. 70 create, educate, and organise
public opinion Throughout Europe, in
favour of the substitution of Arbitra
ton for War.
70. TO promote bettar understand
ing and more friendly feeling between
the citizens of differen nations.
"3. TO correct erroneous statements
in the public press or in parliaments
on International questions"
Our reyered and honoured friend
Mr.. Hodgson Pratt. whose absence We
all deplore to-day, who has been the
spokesman and soul ard working
right hand of the Society, thus expires.
ses the faith that is in him and in it
II shall now be asked, What is my
conclusion? Where is my hope Of
Peace? I say at once -
I'm the growth and development,
and organisation of the Democracy in
all countries.
"In organising close international
relations between the Democracies.
I'm the frank recognition of all just
claim on the part of other natious, and
in proposing Arbitration if differences
arise.
"In having military and naval forces
strong enough to hold our own, and
compel foreign nations to do us justice,
if at any time their Governments