The record-union., 1894-10-23
FARM And ORCHARD.
Storage and Winter Care of Fruits
and Vegetables.
The Importance of Sorting Apples, Po-
tatoes and the Like Before Placing
Them In Their Places of Shelter
Farm Notes-Farming in Foreign

Farm Notes-Farming in Foreign
Lands.
After making a crop, and expending
large sums for labor in the duty of harv-
esting it, the next most important matter
is to secure the crop for use in winter and
SO protect it from injury by frost, or loss
from dampness or sudden changes of
1t is not the freezing OF
vegetable or fruits that leads them to
quickly decay, but the sudden rise OF
which causes them to thaw
too quickly. The contraction and eX-
pansion of heat and cold affects all sub
stances, and the greater the heat or cold,
the more injury is done. There is annu-
ally large loss in winter from the effects
of frost, and farmers find it more difficult
to store certain crops, such as turnips,
beets, carrots, apples and potatoes, than
to harvest them. Better prices are OBJ
tanned near the end OF winter for such
commodities, and it will pay to make full
preparations to keep such crops-espec-
tally apples and potatoes-in sound con-
dition for market, as they can be shipped
at time when there is but little other
work To do.
Dampness affects vegetables and fruits,
and even during periods of extreme cold
apples and potatoes will keep in good
condition If they are in very dry place.
Cellars are not always dry, owing to the
liability or moisture ascending from be-
low the floor. 1t will not serve the pur-
pose TO have storehouse too warm, as
heat is not beneficial in the winter to ar
ticles that should be kept near the freez-
ing point. The first thing to provide,
however, is shelter, such as a shed that
is somewhat open or well ventilated. but
which Will not permit moisture TO enter.
The next point is to guard against sud-
den freezing or thawing of the articles.
Any method that will keep them at about
forty degrees, or just above the freezing
point, Will be of advantage, but should
they happen to freeze, then the object
should be to prevent sudden thaWinP,
which is sure to prove injurious.
Such articles as turnips, carrots, beets
and parsnips can be stored under mounds
outside, but they become sealed up with
frost and are not always convenient for
use. 1t has been found that when all inn
perfect or injured roots are discarded, and
those that are sound are packed in bins
with dry, clean dirt, or sand used for fill
ing the IntersticeS between them, allow
ing layer of dirt and G layer of roots,
they will keep in good condition in cool
place in dry location, and potatoes have
been brought out in prime condition
when SO kept. Apples should not have
the slightest bruise or blemish, and If
wrapped in tissue paper and then nicely
packed in barrels or boxes, or even
placed on shelves, they will keep a long
time. Cabbage may be replanted, roots
in the ground, covered with leaves, anu a
board shelter given which will bring
them out In spring in as good condition
as when put away. 1t would be worth
the attention of farmers to make some
with cold dry storage bins
this winter, and compare with the usual
methods. s.-PhiladeIphia Record.
FARM NOTES.
When an animal becomes choked
while eating potatoes, turnips, etc., it is
stated that by holding up its head and
breaking an egg in its mouth relief is OBJ
tanned Immediately, according to one who
has tried the experiment.
During the past seven years Iowa has
planted out about 100000 forest trees
Switzerland has increased her woodland
to about the same extent. This is an en-
thing, and there could be no
more profitable move than this upon
thousands and thousands of acres of
hard-w Orked hillsides in our Eastern and
Middle States.
During tie first five months of 1894 the
United States shipped 10 Great Britain
10000 live cattle and 10000 cwts. of
dressed beef-a large increase over the
same period in 1893. The cattle aggro-
gated probably Sl5O00,000 in value and
the dressed beef s. 800, 900. The sheep ex-
portation reached TO, 500 for the same time.
valued at about 100000.
If you have large fruit trees you wish
says the Practical Fd3,1aeg.
dig around them toward the close of sum
mer, cutting OFT the larger roots at from
three to five feet from the BODY. accord
ing TO the size of the tree. Twelve months
later they Will have made so many small
roots to replace the larger ones that
can be attempted safely,
Ii is highly necessary for the farmer to
study well the breeding of the dairy COWS
and keep in mind to improve his herd
both IN quantity and quality. Strict at
tention must be given both to care and
feeding; any COW, good as she NAV be.
is worthless without the proper feed and
care. Feed more, care more and study
your business more, and see if dairy
farming will not pay more this year than
it did last.
a medical man thus relates his expert
ence in chloroforming bees. He saws:
II attempted to quiet an angry swarm of
bees by slipping under the hive sponge
something over an ounce Of
and succeeded admirably.
When they had become quiet [ removed
what honey could be spared from their
store and lett them all quiet. They are
quiet still, for the chlorotorm killed the
last bee."
a sheep is an animal that is easily over
fed, and one if overfed requires longer
time to recover from the effects than al
most any other animal. There is no class
OF stock that 1t is more injurious to leave
feed before. In all feeding, whether
for growth or to fatten, only such
a quantity as they will readily eat mn
clean should be given. More than this is
positively injurious. In tattening, III
nearly all cases the better plan is to
gradually increase the grain ration, and
not put on full tattening food too
rapidly.
English flock masters have a habit of
relying on the annual lettings of rams by
those who keep them for this purpose
instead of each herder keeping a ram for
his own flock. Tho system has the ad-
that each owner OF flock can
choose the ram every year if he chooses,
and by judicious selection he NAV TINS
breed the kind of sheep he prefers. The
price for rams for the season was higher
than usual, as much as Sl00 for one ram
being paid. Wool in England is made
worth more by the market for woolen
goods In this country which the new tariff
gives.
Chickens raised in confinement are de-
prived entirely OF the food which suits
them best-insects of various kinds-and
TO make up for this deprivation use fresh
bones-what are called green bones
ground or cut small enough for them to
swallow. Fresh bones. with some lean
meat adherlng to them, come nearer
forming perfect food for chickens than
anything else We can supply. Give one
generous meal day. If fresh bones
cannot be supplied, give lean fresh meat