davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1894-10-18
Luckily They Were Emptv.

PHILADELPHIA. Pa. Oct. 17.-Five empty
freight cars were derailed on the Schulykill
River bridge of the Pennsylvania railroads
New York division this morning, and plunged
over the bridge into the river distance of
seyenty-five feet. No one was injured.
The Washington times., 1894-10-18
Favor Campbell for Master workma n.

PITTsBURG, Oct. 17.-District Assembly No.
3, knights of Labor, held a meeting to-day
and indorsed James Campbell, ex-president
OF the Win dow Glass Workers, as the candi-
date Tor grand master workman, to be voted
Tor at the grand assembly next month. 1t is
said by members of the district that Mr.. Pow
derly favors Campbell also.
The Washington times., 1894-10-18
Receiver for the Sanitary Company.

Charles Shirley Carter, in his suit against
the National Sanitary Company, yesterday
asked that the case be referred to Auditor
Payne. He wants the garbage service dis
continued and the effects of the company sold
by the receivers at public auction.
The Washington times., 1894-10-18
Want La bor Deputies TO Join.

BRUSSELS. Oct. 1.-THE socialist members
OF the chamber of deputies have decided to
open negotiations with the labor deputies
throughout Europe with view of adopting
an identical policy in every parliament.
The Washington times., 1894-10-18
Munyon's
Homeopathic
Remedy Co.,
1914 G STREET n. w.,

Put up a remedy for every disease and employ
EN- ineut physicians, who give advice absolutely
free; there is positively no obligation on your
part TO buy cents worth OF medicine unless
you choose TO ONCE open all day and evening;
Sundays 10 to 70 1874 6 ST. NV.
The Washington times., 1894-10-18

1t will pay you to buy the News and read
Johnstons page, price Of groceries
The Washington times., 1894-10-18

S1.25 to Baltimore and Return-S1. IS via.
B. e. o. r.
Saturday and Sunday, October % and 81
Round-trip tickets 81 25 good until following
Monday oc1S90.9t
The Washington times., 1894-10-18
Declared a ? Per Cent. Dividend.

BAITIEoRE, Oct. 1Z-Atthe regular monthly
meeting Of the board Of directors Of the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company,
held to-day, dividend OF 2 per cent. on the
business oi The company for the six months
from January ! to July /, 1884. was declared.
The Washington times., 1894-10-18

Is Your Health Poor?
Have You Catauh :;
Are you afflicted with Rheu-
matisrn?
Do you suffer from Dyspep-
sia?
Is your Liver torpid?
Are you constipated?
Have you attacks of head
ache?
Are you nervous?
Do you become dizzy in the
head?
Do you suffer from sleep
lessness?
Have you a poor appetite?
Are your kidneys affected?
Have you dropsy?
Do you have the asthma?
Have you skin or blood dis
ease?
Are you a sufferer from ma
laria?
Have you a cold?
Have you a cough?
Do your children have the
Group?
Have you any female trou-
b1es?
Have you any disease for
which you have been doctor
ing with no benefit? To those
we especially extend an invi-
tation to call at our Offices for
a consultation and examina-
ton FREE.
The Washington times., 1894-10-18

II viii pay you TO buy the News and reas
tohnston's page, price Of groceries
The Washington times., 1894-10-18
FUNERAL EXPENSES REDUCED.
9. H HINES

Undertaken and EmbaImer, Main once, 22Gs
and 2205 Fourteenth street northwest Branch
ohice SO FOur-and-s-haH street southwest
Twenty years experience in the business, and
frst-class work guaranteed Arrangements can
be made with Us for funerals in any part Of ths
I United States
The Washington times., 1894-10-18

BEAD JOhnst On's page in tO.day's News
The Washington times., 1894-10-18

Read Johnston's page in to-day's News
The Washington times., 1894-10-18

Distinguished Jurists Composing Column.
bian UniYersity's Professors Give an H.
formal Reception TO the Students
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

II Is ooe of the chief difficulties Of farm,
ing on stmsll scresge that the necessary
sork to be done IN plosiug, cultivsting
and marketing crops requires foil team
part OF the time, Idle ofses soon eat
more than their labor during a small part
OF the yesr Ia worth, Yet the small fan
met wto relies on bring TEEN work dol g
is always hsndicspped by finding 1t in
possible to hire teams when be most needs
them. TIE OILY recourse il to change the
methods Of flaming. Put on n ore labor
and cspitsl per acre, and thus grow crops
which will keep the tGsms busy most Of
the year hauling them to market.
II there ere days when no marketing is
to be done, the teams can be employed as
proiitahly 10 drawing manure. In most
cases this Oh email farm will make il
necessary to buy most it not all the feed
that the teams eat This is what market
gardeners sIwsys invariably 90. They
csntot sford to grow hay or grain on land
that will produce five and perhaps 10 tim,
es as valuable q crop IN something else.
Buying oil their feed they know just what
II costs thu m and are less likely 10 lose BY
keeping teams idle. The chief difficulty
with many farmers in making their farm,
ing pay is rot recognizing that the feed
which they grow and feed is worth IFS
market value, and that whatever eats such
feed must return at least what il has cost
and can be sold for Unless this is sttepl
dtd tc, tie losses fr m non paying stock
will eat up profits that can be made 9th,
erwisp.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

Which DR.. Didama, Dean Of the
'yracnso Medical College and Elk
resident Of the New York State
vedical Society, says lis the only
s,oye known to me which is fit to be
nsed in the sick room, the school
room, the family room or any othe-
room where human beings congre-
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08
aaritnliurf.


AZ ere II the sst, m ~ tie village sta
uoas "a the M,ssitQuoi railroad. Il,
scent stated 10 The vr.tsr svtjle urc,
tbsi 80 BpasHslly large snenni ct iced
vAs ttius received and be seemed TO be-
. aule concerned lut tie purchaser
should bet get Their aney back Tot 20
large &C Investment
Al prsstui pfiocs the iced - bran ard
slaten n neiI ally - is cheaper according,
/ y thea. God quality o. hay.
May Of cur trmeis are changing their
methods 10 faying somewhat. lnttrsd
OF having their eous Gene 10 from March
to Jnne, quite proportion commence
giving milk IL Jst usry sod february, sos
lea ,EeD 10 December Farmers favor.
ably sltuTed consider Il an advantage 10
make this change. bot 70 hsve the cuws
90 tb'it bet 10 esli weather, they must
be kept 10 conf rtall, stables aud be
literally led sod cared for
It is vary essential TO have good earl,
cut hsy. but this lie not h beat ratiou Of
It's II for milk aud Re IDS fair proportion
Of srs D to 30 along With 1t. With pre-.
enl prices Of hay gram sod butter, irrmtrs
are coming to hld 1t profitable TO feed
mere grain.
The snoaot is quite een,raly being
doubled, and 10 some csscs trehled, and
II lie I ind vely tflen that the sddi iolsl
feed gwen pays better than the orielusl
smoun'. Of course there iss limit to |
this fe' ding, beyond which 1t would not
be Pre- ltable to 20, but few isrmtr, have
reached this point y,t
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08
-
MuIching.

heepiog the soil covered helps in max
ing 1t fertile. Keeping it N uched r,tard.
the action Of fros and allows the plants
to adapt themselves to the change. sud-
den extremes Of tempeIaluregives the best
results. Mulchibg breaks the f, rec OF
falling rains and, in a great measure pei
vents them from compsctlng the soil.
When properly mulched the soil will
retain considerable quantity OF a,mos
pherlc ann onia, deposited by the rains.
ln all soils certain proportion OF water
is necessary to make the largest smonnt
OF plant food available.
Mulching COOS and equslizes the TEN
pers,ure near the surface. 10 wint,ri
prevents the constant thswing and freer,
ing and makes more even temperatnre
La summer it aids 10 the storing OF pitrol
gen In the soil ard makes the soil rlcl tr
In this way.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

From the Ohio station comes some in
ttrestng items abe ut winter gard, ming II
the Geld states by having glass roofet
houses. 80 for only the smaller yegets
bles are grown undtr these glass roofet
gardens, such as radishes, letluce, toma
toes snd cucumb ers But eventuslIy tess
beans, eggplant, cauhfowers and o'ne,
vegetables, as well as ffuiis, will lie feat
utes OF these gardens Of the future. The
initial cot OF inclosng the gardens with
glass and the cot Of LosliDg ale both be
ing reduced one half and the cost Of GOV
erlng sn acre OF lard with glass does not
amount to much more than 10 fertilze the
fields OF TO lay, garden yeget lbles will b.
presented fresh to Us al Christmas tine a.
well as 10 tue early spring days.
Fancy vegett bes and iruit are more
profitable under glass than common speci
linens, for the southern states and the can,
ned goods supply the market Nth the lat
ter.
The northern winter farmers mutt pro
doce e1tr fancy goods or mono al oil. 10
order to do this, the bullena says that
very foe, we'll composted msuute and soil
should be used, and Watering and heating
should be studied as science With the
beet OF condi ions the plant will produce
excellent results
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

Wife You musi take me 10 SIZE tperA
10 mo'Tas llfLt Nov. you Leedltssy
that the ere Ltf1 end uoue, ,osrce and
all that Everybody eIsr goes. 81 } I'm
golns 90 there Hasltud .,tmsil aau.
OF eonuc vel 80 az The uewrrlt
ns dorua 90 lhe s'fett 10 Day the t. O..
sttrsbeihsly hsauliiul erestore heaven ".
e. made. saeh eyes such hair Sch
peiiect issates wouldat miss thttp
era fcr The world Money Is vefy tesree
hough. WIFE u mcsty is 90 scarce WIZ
didEt yau cay 80 beirrf Never u.u3ts
open Wen sc 70 tie ola ladies' inc
Ioclsblt laseai,
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

Good clover bay splendid forsge ior
any animal o toe farm, from the hog 10
the horse. II goes long usys toward
taxing the place Of eusil.ge or roots Bu,
it coes not quite fill the place.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

II Is poor management to wsste good bay
by feeding it to dry cove When ii could
a. we'll be fed to cows that siIl mauufsc,
lure 1t ito good butter.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

Feed makes sres. difference lib sny
breed. Even common pullels csn. by
feeding from The stsrt. be brought 10 lay,
ing month or siI weeks earlier than II ey
otherwise would.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

Csbbiges often GOV, re too hssVily when
buried sad eobse qaepily begin TO decay.
Cover lightly u fret, aud iLcrelse the
covering as II becomes colder
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08
Gl3tIrs.

Ahaa 'aa' 1Hf lhf Ftlr.oF fa3 mtl
49, ne bra tfs lslfF - the ieutf
Al NJ 1fsugav. - srs q
49,. itrau faatraa ttA aattr tattaa
o. uscsIH
-N5s lruat -Nts rrar,g,
tfsrtf,nt#.ft f.,.sFt.v f.ra.| fss.'
Ms If afsr- 30. lrsus laE ta'
.aaId b. eaaa.a
-I,u staat .catfa ta death IAst
ihuttf,atfetae, ht,t,vrtrtatHtn.
VLa,htGIaaf Grisfe.tt.us 4f.b.fb
btas<
-Hnua.4raaf,as sa.a r....gs f..,
rrsf Ma Rs4..tt NrfS,.f.5.,d he
4.4. e.rIe 80 f,sstmsa itsi tsg,f.t
encore vtssf Al slrar The fac,
glr have r4ant.a tfm 3. irp,st Ga,
yer
uI,t.aawuufr, tb.t wa,l8u,n.r
vfa.r.ea.tu,.,, Eve sspts.ds, In,
beet tr5.t! a.M.Bt. T,er lsI,.t
.t7ta u,let
IljnI' Ms35en IhisIs a. usIrtrr
e.. NJ Wiz o. That -iLh 1ag must
ers u.s TINE El3eIt Invtf lime. Nns
EsbeecsF d. raa fts.t there Is sry &C..
srsts7
--e"r ] ~nutaIt m.uE 900 Il you
~,fsvetbsIp0 D0 Ho- uadcf those
cfeomstttcss Niles Houetueh, ] to.1I
tbnt ~'o'd tst yen
-b.o,.,. V.u pr, .,,.,t st.,.,.,
sbBr,. Doctor tlets. ,rmerb,p the tfcu. /
bic So NE #.w I cant drm..,,rsta r., /
fa,4
a.. r..t.- ,..,... .u.r 81.
u..,, ,...,., t..u 49,. ~. .,h.,l.lI
r... ,r..t., :, n.l,,a.,a.,.u.
seuius ,osIely add 6od cut
Son p F.tb,r wiz La ve.,
..l boat; s.. What ind n . bost j,
: blaod ,e.ssl9 lrssbf. l.,.t. nov nm
...,to bed
o..u..u...3..t .,.....;..
-, NJ, ,.,r...,. .., ,.,I,'.
.,.,.,.ta.., 80, a.. ..s
a., a,3 ,stoss inn,
L" H''''" '0 t+n1' 'o-om 'c'''
Inc we '''' il you 'oo' can woman
eooD0ln'''' y no saves ''t "eadin df's'
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1894-03-08

Bentnbsr The tsru lie your home; make
I pleasant
Oxford eagle. (Oxford, Lafayette Co., Miss.) 1876-current, 1894-01-11
TOPICS.
THE NEWS II BRIEF.
F~IFTY-THiRo CONGRESS.

N the senate. OF the NJ. Mr. Huntou Va
Wa sworn in some rrnorstra1ces and rr4o-
iutions against tire Wilson tariff bff we're pre-
sentef A special bill 70 relieve David Il gof-
walls from the penalties q the act prnhlsf.7rx
sltens from ov1fux real estate tn the District
OF Columbia was csii-d % saa pas.-s An
ecutiEs session vas held after Hhieh the sen
are adjourned In the house the ere,ien-
tials OF Mr. Adams. 20 succeed TIE I4ss Repr~-
sentative ONeglL from the sresud Psnn~vE
vaEia district. were presented and laid On the
table Before any business % importance va
transacted. Mr.. Boutelle called up Ii Hawaiian
resolution and asked is Immediate ror.idera-
non. which resulted IN a prosrzetaa azhr. end
ing only with adjournment
IN The senate. On the sth. numerous petitions
and Terno1sfrGnces against the rassaxs y sh-
Wilson tariff bill we're presented House. bU1
70 repeal all statutes relating 70 supervisors Of
elections ami special aeputy marshals was
taken up and made the special order for ne
Stn- After a short executive session The sen
ATE adjourned until the sth In the house
Mr Boutelle called Up his resolution r~eeitinx
That the executive had invaded the rights 4ad
privileges Of congress. and asked Ter fts lmm--
di7te consideration but the entire session vas
exhausted BY the democrats in rIfbuSterfag
against the motion.
TsE senate was not IN session on the sth
In the house. a fight made upon The repart Of
The committee ou ruIes'zave another remarka-
bic demonstration Of is inability 20 transact
rleAs business against the will % an active
ana hostile minority After session 81 n-alrv
four hours IN m att>mp. to reach a vote /. vas
realized that in the absence ot some forty or
NIFTY democratic members. and with the r.
p~ubiieAus 10 a man t-Iiniax to vote. il vas fnt-
possible TO make any progress. and that there
was nothing left to do but adjourn.
Oxford eagle. (Oxford, Lafayette Co., Miss.) 1876-current, 1894-01-11

true. did not accomplish his end, and
therein oar plot differs from the reg
ulstiou lihretto. bat no lover of the
realistic would seriously object IN this
feature. Variety lends enchantment
- almost everything-sveu to the FIN
de steele opera comique.
other persons. however. who look
upon politics with l~achrymoSe serious
ness aud who have read the presidents
Hawaiian message from alpha 60
omega. would view such a spectacle as
We have before us with sccru and ir-
diguation; and 20 Propitiate them I
shall try To give as dry a resume Of the
status Of the Hawaiian problem as
possible.
There can be no doubt that the So
called mission children of Honolulu
l. e. the Gescendantsof Americaumis-
sjouaries-and a large percentage OF
the progressive population Of the is
lands were honest IN demanding the
ovorthrpu % the Kanaka dynasty.
Queen Liliuoi0alani was inclined to
play the despot. Instead Of coneeding
rights TO her white subjects. she he
caTue the tool ofa powerful lottery and
gambling company whose representa-
tives had promised her a rich reward
for the privilege Of conducting their
gambling business at Honolulu. The
privileges Of native whites were cur
tailed and some of their leaders in
shifted. This state of affairs led to the
formation OF a committee Of safety,
Oxford eagle. (Oxford, Lafayette Co., Miss.) 1876-current, 1894-01-11

have been succe>SfaI without the moral
aid % American troops.
The republicans. in aud out Of con
gTess. dem that there 5 any founda-
tion for such argument. and insist that
President Cleveland overstepped the
bounds when he appointed a special.
or paramount. commissioner IN the
person Of Mr.. Blouut. Opposition sen
stors claim hat the president had M
right to clothe the Georgia gentleman
with diplomatic power without the
consent OF the nate Some 90 80 far
as to declare BIount's appointment a
violation Of the Logan act. but this
view Is not entertained by more on
sentative members.
How many readers. by the wav.
know what the Logan act Is? George
Logan vas a Pennsylvania gentleman,
who. in June, lips. went to France on
his own responsibility for the purpose
of averting war between France and
the United States. lie persuaded the
French government To unnul the en-
barge on American shipping and pre-
pared the way for negotiations that
ended in peaee. IN his return he WAS
denounced by the federalists, who
procured the passage OF the so-cailed
Logan act, making it a high misde-
meanor for an individual citizen to
take part IN n controversy between
the United States ana a foreign power.
Logan indicated himself in q patr.-
otie letter, dated January la. 1920; and
was elected uFead
States senator from Pennsylvania
But while the people % the United
States are worrying over the partisan
Oxford eagle. (Oxford, Lafayette Co., Miss.) 1876-current, 1894-01-11

composed Of the best and vealthiest
men in the kingdom.
Hon. John l. Stevens, who was
United States minister 20 Hawaii when
the committee 81 safety was
formed. was kept fully informed Of the
plans % the insurrsctionists and when
its members resolved upon the deposit
tiou Of the queen ordered the landing
of 100 men from the man-of-wer Bos-
ton for the alleged purpose ot protect
ing American citizens and property.
A. som as the queen had been ousted.
the committee Of safety was converted
into a provisional government, with
Sanford r. Dole. one % the most
prominent citizens Of Hawaii. rs presi-
dent.
\ strong delegation wa appointed to
visit the city ~ Washington aud urge
the then president. Mr.. Harrison. %
recommend 70 congress the annexation
% the Hawaiian islands in the form of
a state or territory Of the Union. Mr..
Harrison then believed-and believes
50 now-thh. the United States troops
had taken no part in the revolution az
AA1AAGAAAAs aAaA Ah 1ANlNdN~
Ing an annexation treaty which he sen
20 the senate with a message favorable
20 the provisional government
Before the senate had disposed Of the
annexation treaty, Mr.. Harrison's term
came q a close. President Cleveland.
instead of following his predecessors
example, took another view Of the
situation He placed considerable
faith in Queen Liliuokslani's protest.
and was inclined TO look upon Minister
Stevens acts as 'psrnieious activity"
The annexation treaty was with
drawn from the senate. and Hon
James II. BlOunt, for eighteen years 4
congressman from Georgia, was sent
10 Hawaii TO prepare a report Of the
6oings Of the committee OF safety and
Minister Stevens during the so-called
revolutionary periOd-from Janury Il
10 l.. Is33 Mr.. BlOunt was clothed
with extraordinary power, and in
stFucted 20 examine everybody and
everything eonnsesea with the queens
Oxford eagle. (Oxford, Lafayette Co., Miss.) 1876-current, 1894-01-11
CONDENSED

The dead body OF 4 United States
army officer dressed in a full uniform,
vas found by two boys in the woods IA
the outskirts of Birmingham, Ala, on
the eth lie IS supposed to have been
murdered.
Young, Of Florence, Ala, burned On
the eth Loss estimated at $4,000. in
sured for sIO,5o0. The factory was a
:, 500 spindle yarn mill. The machinery
was modern and the plsntwell equipped
Mas. Cora BEADY, OF Chicago, was
fatally burned on the Tth because OF a
quarrel with James Delaney. He threw
a lighted kerosene lamp a. her, and it
exploded on her breast. The entire
upper portion Of her body was fright
fully burned.
NEAE Bessemer. Ala, on the night Of
the 4th, James Huffman, one Of the
most prominent young planters in the
county, was shot from ambush and
killed By an unknown assassin
JAKE KILRoY, residing near Tuscan
bia. Ala, went houe drunk He re-
tired 70 bed with his lighted pipe in his
mouth. The bed-clOthing took FIRE and
the house was burned kilroy en-
deavored 10 escape. but was overcouIe
by smoke and roasted alive
As TIE result Of the explosion Of a
keg Of giant powder near Yves; Plains
Mo-. Sol. Collins. his wife ard four
children will die Two ~neighbors who
were in the house when the explosion
occurred will recover
Ar a meeting Of the unemployed a;
Indianapolis. Ind, on the sth, john
Dalton, a b~oileFmaker, created a senss-
tion by declaring that the la5cring men
should arm themselves nddeuand work
At the point Of the bsyoneG
THE Central Relief Association has
issued an appeal TO the wage-Sorksrs Of
Chicago asking that all contribute one
day earnings or income TO the relief Of
the city 5 destitute.
ALI DAVIS, colOred. was found swing
ing to a tree in the woods near Len0ke,
AfA.s On toe et1. All L49 oCcn N L1r
habit Of killing hogs whenever IL suited
his convenience. regardless of the own
ership Of the hog.
The available cash balance in the
Treasury on the "a was s9o.Ss5,555; ma
tionsi bank notes received FOR redemp-
tion. $50. Ts4; government receipts, In
tern-I revenue. sl@S.Ts ; customs, s..c.'
sI4; miscellaneous, SlSl,I59.
Oxford eagle. (Oxford, Lafayette Co., Miss.) 1876-current, 1894-01-11
4.

deposition He spent several months
in Honolulu In quest OF information.
and finally came TO the conclusion that
the throne was overthrovvn with the
aid o, American marines and tha. the
revolution would have proved a dismal
failure without Minister stevens as
~sistance.
Thereupon President Cleveland an
pointed Hon. Albert s Willis minister
to Hawaii and sent him 10 Honolulu
with instructions 10 seat the queen on
her t-hrons-once more. But these instruc-
tions had a string tied 70 them-sev-
eral strings, in fact The 4 rst string
was that while this government. wouIl
r~e-establish her power i would not
feel called upon 70 protect her against
further political troubles. The second
and as II seems most objectionable fea-
ture OF the restoration order. was n
clause that none Of the gentlemen i'm
pLcated in the revolution shonld he
called TO account for the acticnsof last
January. Athr.ne withoutthe privilege
OF chopping of the heads or dismcm-
herring the bodies 81 recaicitrant sub
jects seemed OF no value 70 the duslgy
monarch. and consequently she de-
clined President Cieveland's and Sec
rotary Gresham's kind assistance with
out even saving thank YOU.
Meanwhile the members Of the PRO-
~visiOusl government were losing their
temper; some Of them going - far as
To declare that they would rather aght
than submit 20 the queen. such talk
was Of course. extremely foolish. -
Hawaii united would stand about a
much show in an encounter with this
country as n newborn babe would
with Mr.. C0rhett. IF California. Mr..
Lorrin Thur~ton, representative ~ the
provisional government at Washing
tom, also talked Wild and in~sinusted
hat Mr.. Biount was a frst-class pre-
varicator.
Finally Mr.. Cleveland got tired Of
the muddle and submitted his now
famous message to congress in which
he asks the Legislative branch of the
government 20 settle things as best IL
can Those who looked for n back
down" in the presidents message were
disappointed, for although &c admits
that he Is sick and tired of the
squabble he still expresses the convic-
tion that the revolution was encouraged
by ex-Miuister Stevens and could not