Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1894-12-27

Prof. Blackner gave some very inter-
esting facts connected with the lives of
Senator Lane and John Brown, and drew a
strong contrast between them and Robin
son, greatly to the credit of the latter.
Continental Congress.
DR.. Herbert Friedenwald of Philadelphia
contributed paper on the Continental
Congress, whichIhe termed "a neglected
portion of American revolutionary his
tory" That congress, he said, arouses
unique interest in American history as the
debating head of the great war that was
to establish the United States among the
nations of the world. 1t combined all the
functions of legislative, executive and
Judicial body, and exercised them at va
rious times. It's remains are embodied IN
a mass or documents which may roughly
be divided into the journal Of the pro-
ceedings and all other papers.
Labor Unions.
Mr.. Edward Parritt of Pennington, Conn.,,
read valuable paper on the origin and de-
Velopment of the labor movement in ma
tional and municipal politics in England.
lie said that this movement began IN par
Lament and worked downward into munich
pal politics. Labor representation in the
house of commons began in 1874, while II
was not started in local councils until 1851
Inc parliamentary movement began pc
lore the working classes were en1rancnlseu.
Working men living in the towns hrst exer
cised the parliamentary vote in 1868, ana
those living in the rural districts In 1850.
In 1867, however, a royal commission was
appointed to inquire into the organization
and conduct of trades unions, ana the Sc
lection of its members led to the appoint
ment by the trade unionistS OF represent
alive national committee, which developed
into the organization now known as the
Trade Union Congress in 1868. In looo' a.
the congress held in Birmingham labor
representation in parliament first became
I.>G,x 80 "A
the general election of 1868 two labor lead
erS unsuccessfully sought seats In the COM
mons, and it was not until loi4 that trace
unionists were elected by the miners OF
Northumberland and Staffordshire. Inc
miners were the first to take advantage Oh
the reform act passed in 1868. and they,
also, more generally than any others, TOOK
advantage of the reform act OF 1889.
This activity of the miners results from
their much closer nd more frequent COLI
tact with the law than any other workmen,
and in many constituencies on the great
coal fields the miners are in the majority,
so that the parliamentary candidate VINO
secures the unanimous support Oh the
miners is certain of election. Five parlia-
mentS have been elected since 1859. In the
first there were two labor members, in the
second three, in the third ten, in the fourth
twelve, and in the fifth and present there
are sixteen. So far the labor party has
principally confined itself in municipal
politics to demands for the establishment
day, the abolition of the contract system in
all public works, remunerative work for the
unemployed, and reduction of the salaries
of the legal engineering and clerical stats
in the municipal service, and to attempts
to compel school boards and town councils
to usurp many of the functions and duties
which parliament has since 1884 imposed
on the boards of guardians for the relief
of the poor.
The last paper of the day was by Prof
VIM. A. Dunning of Columbia College. on
American Political Philosophy"
In Attendance.
Those members Of the association who
have so far attended the meeting are as
follows: Prof Geo. B. Adams of Yale,
Prof Herbert b. Adams Of Johns Hopkins,
DR.. Cyrus Adler of the Smithsonian, Prof.
Edmund X. Alden of Packer Institute.
Brooklyn; Andrew n. Allen Of the State
Department, Rev Vim. G.. Andrews of
Guilford, Conn; DIR. Frederic Bancroft CT
Washington, Prof. zJ.yW. Black1ner of Kan
sas, Prof Edward g. Bourne, AdeIbert Col
lege, Cleveland; DR.. Clarence w. Bowen Of
New York. Prof. Geo. l.. Burr of Cornell,
A. Howard Clark of the National Museum
Mendes Cohen of baltimore, VIM. E. Curtis
of Washington, Prof. William A. Dun
ming. of Columbia College New York;
Prof. e. Emerton of Harvard; Prof Henry
Ferguson of Trinity College. Hartford; DR..
Herbert Friedenwaldl of Philadelphia; DR..
G.. Browne Goode Of the Smithsonian; Mrs.
Lee {. Hardy, New Aork; Prof. Chas. III.
Haskins University of Wisconsin; Prof.
Johr Bell Henseman. Hampden- Sidney
College, Va; Prof, Richard Hudson, Uni
yersity of Michigan; Prof. A. C. McLaugh-
lin, University of Michigan; Prof Otis T.
Mason, National q Museum; Prof. A. ID.
Morse. Amherst College; Judge Chas. A
ieabody, New York; Phillip G. Peabody,
Boston: DR.. VIM. I. Poole librarian New
berry Library of Chicago; Prof James
Harvey Robinson, University of Pennsyl-
yania; Miss l.. NJ. Salmon, Nassar College;
5. NJ. Sener, Lancaster, Pa; Ainsworth r.
r. Spofford of Washington; DIR. Bernard
{. Steiner, librarian Pratt Library of Bal
tmore; Prof VIM. 2. Trent, University of
the South, Sewanee. Tenn; DIR. John NJ
Vincent, Johns Hopkins; DR.. Willston
w alker, Hartford; Ethelbert d. Warfield
president lafayette College. Easton, Pa.
John A. Weekes. New York: James A.
MiiSus, Columbus, Ohio; Gen. James Grant
wilson. president New York Geneological
ana biographical Society, and Dr. Justin
Windsor, librarian of Harvard.