The record-union., 1894-01-11


COW at least one pound of rape cake per
day during the winter, also never to use
caobages or turnip tops as fodder, and to
give notice at the dairy when they are
using potatoes. vetches, beans, etc. 1t is
the duty of the manager to see that these
rules are rigidly observed. Any farmer
who infringes upon them is warned in
the first instance, and if he repeat the of
tense he is fined. Under certain circum-
stances he may even be expelled from the
society. The manager is provided with
house and garden, and is paid small
salary and commission on every 100
pounds of butter sold at a satisfactory
rate.
the various farms, weigh 1.-THE Danes
have no faith in measuring-test it and
hand it over to the butter makers, who
have been specially trained for their
work. The place is fitted up with centri-
tugal separators and all the best butter
making appliances, many of which are
too costly 10 be bought by any one small
producer. Thus the work is carried on
there under much more favorable condi-
tions than in any ordinary farmhouse
dairy. with the result that the butter
made is uniformly of better quality. 1t
is produced, too, at less cost, for IL CO.
operative dairy, owing to the extensive
scale Of the operations. many economies
are made which would be impossible in
small one.
The farmers are paid monthly at rate
fixed by the Executive Committee for
the milk they send to the dairy. They
are required to buy back from the dairy,
also at liked rate. certain quantity OF
separated milk or churn-milk cheese.
Every February the accounts OF the dairy
are balanced and a statement of the re-
ceiptS and expenditures Is drawn up by
fs~.,,, tod
at a general meeting. What money re-
mains after defraying current expenses
goes to paying OF the debt tor the initial
cost of the buildings, etc.
AS soon as the dairy has cleared itself
an inventory of the society's assets Is
made, and their value is divided into
shares, which are allotted to the members
III proportion to the quantity Of milk
they have supplied since the opening OF
the dairy. From that time the annual
profits Of the society are devoted 10 pay
ing interest at per cent. on the shares,
and If any balance remains when this is
done. it is divided among the members,
each of whom receives bonus proper
tionate to the quantity OF his milk during
the previous year. The members are re-
sponsible. each III proportion to the num-
ber Of his COWS, for any loss the society
may sustain.
SHALL THE FARMER WORK?
I am writing for the farmer who has his
own way to make in the world; not for
the man who has inherited a farm and
has money at Interest, or who owns half
a township and can farm on horseback.
The young farmer just starting business,
with interest money TO pay, has need OF
all his resources, and a sound mind in a
healthy body, coupled with a thorough
knowledge of how to do all kinds of farm
work, is no mean capital.
Labor is COSTLY and valuing the farm
er's own labor at $50 month (which is
what ne would have to pay a good hand,
including board), is equal to $4,000 in
vested at per cent Just such capital as
this has been the only means OF success of
thousands III this highly favored country.
The man who employs two or more
hands will get much better results from
their labor by being constantly with
them; labor is not destructive of thought;
a man can just as well plan his work
while busily engaged at profitable labor
as to be sitting in the house away from
his men endeavoring to do the same.
During the fall and winter the sum
mer's campaign should be planned; it
should then be decided what fields to
plant, and with what crops they should
be planted; arrangements should then be
made for seeds, manureS and fertilizers,
leaving nothing to be done when the sea-
son opens but To carry out the plan IN the
best, quickest and most economical man
ner. Forty-five years ago L lived near
nursery.
4 man who had no capital but the saw
ings Of his labor in this nursery bought
thirty eight acres of land adjoining the
farm on which [ then lived. He had
cash enough to buy team of horses and
a COW or two, and a few farm implements.
He went in debt for nearly the whole
lo.l
team, put in his crops in the best manner
and they were carefully tended and mar
keted, and in few years he had we'll
improved property paid for. l called on
him one day late in the fall to collect
bill. He asked me if | was in need of the
money, remarking: 81 subscribed 81 900
to our church this year; | have paid $500
of it and have the other 500 nearly ready,
and | wish 10 pay it and have it off my
mind" adding, 81 made it all off the place
this year, He built himself a snug
house in the village, moved into it and
put his son ian only child) on his farm.
The son ran through with the property,
and is now working by the day; he was
not at all fond of work.
/ have seen many young men start
farming: the successful ones have invari-
ably been those who gave their business
their careful, intelligent supervision, and
who helped daily with the work all
through the busy season. l have seen
others who, when the men were set to
work in the morning, would take their
driving horse and go to the store and Post
office, and this in the hight of the season,
when all their energy should have
been directed to making the crop.
What was the result in their case? In a
few years there was nothing in farm
ing'' for them; the home was abandoned
and some more congenial occupation en-
tered into where they were much more
closely confined, and the results little or
no better than could have been attained
by an intelligent working of the farm.
Fifty years ago a farmer starting his
sons would stock the farm for them and
make small payment Onits cost, and the
young people would settle down to work,
and if good managers would pay off the
debt by the time they attained middle
age; industry and economy did it, and
the same principles applied to farming
now will produce better results than ever
before. "lf you have but little, you must
live upon less:' farm no more land than
YOU can manure well and cultivate
thoroughly. Keep no extra horses; they
should be for all purposes, but especially
adapted for labor; stick TO your business
and work at it personally all through the
busy season; take your recreation III wet
weather and in winter.
Do not sell the crop before it is made.
An excellent receipt for cooking rabbit
began with the words: First catch the
rabbit" First make the crop and there
will be no trouble to sell it at the market
price; as a rule, looking up distant mark
cts for better price had best be left to
dealers.
Good land in the Eastern and Middle
States has declined 90 per cent. in value,
and there has not to my knowledge been
a time when inducements to go into
farming were better than now; in short
He that by the plow will thrive,
Himself must either hold or drive"
Is as true now as when it was written
Country Gentleman.