The Washington times., 1894-12-04

should be provided am OF the opinion In .
there should be an abandonment of the policy
sanctioned by present laws under which the
government for very small consideration IS
rapfdly losing title to immense tracts Of land
covered with timber which should be properly
reserved as permanent sources OF timber sup
ply
of the General Land Onice should be relieved
from the duty of deciding htigated land cases;
that n0n-Partisan court should be created to
pass on such cases, and the decisions of this
court should be hnal, IL least so far rs the deci-
sious OF the department are now final
81 am convinced that the proper solution OF
the Indian problem aud the success OF every
step taken in that direction de end TO very
large extent upon the intelligence aud honesty
OF the reservation agents and the interest lhey
have IA their work -
The President eommends the Indian school
management of the past year, recites the pen
sion statistics. and makes brief statement as
TO the condition of the work on the eleventh
census. In the report OF the Secretary OF Agrl-
culture the President notes the special study
made of the foreign demand for American
products, the saving of expense in the Weather
Bureau and the inquiry OF the Bureau OF Animal
Industry into bovine tuberculosis On the special
report he says:
"Quite recently this department has pub
Hshed the results of its Investigations OF bovine
tuberculosis, and its researches will be vigor-
ously continued. Certain herds in the District
Of o. mbia Will be thoroughly inspected, ana
win probably supply adequate scope Tor the
dePartmen. 70 intelligently prosecute its scien-
tihc work and furnish sufficient material for
purposes OF Illustration description, and dell
milton
lie also notes the recommendation of the
Secretary of Agriculture. that the FREE distribu-
tion OF seeds 10 abandoned, except to expert
ment stations and the suggestion for an annual
agricultural census, at Il cost OF about SSOO0Ou
He recommends the establishment OF Ma
tiOnaI Board of Health and then takes up civil
service reform, rs follows:
THE advantages to the public service Of an
adherence to the principles of civil service re-
reform are constantly more apparent; and moth
Is 50 81 rIn
honestly desire good government, as the lncreas-
ing appreciation by people Of these adyan-
tages. vass majority OF the voters of the land
are ready TO insist that the time and attention
of those they select To perform for them import
ant public duties should not be distracted by
doing out minor Offices and they are growing
10 be unanimous in regarding party organize-
tion as something that should be used in esLab-
fishing party principles, instead OF debating the
distribution OF public places as rewards OF parti-
san activity.
Numerous additional Offices and places have
lately been brought within CIVIL service rules
and regulations, and some others viii probably
soon be included.
"The report OF the commissioners win be sub
mitted to the Congress, and invite careful
attention 10 the recommendations il contains
On The recent labor strike he says:
'By virtue of statute OF the United States
passed IN 1883, appointed in July last hon.
John ID. Herman, OF the State of New York, and
Hon. Nicholas f. WOrthngton, OF the State of
Illinois, TO form with Hon. Carroll d. Wright
Commissioner OF Labor. who was designated by
said statute, a commission for the purpose OF
making careful inquiry into the causes of the
controversies between certain railroads md
the r employees which had resulted in an exten-
sIye and des ructiye strike, accompanied by
much violence and dangerous disturbance with
considerable loss OF life and great destruction OF
property roper ---..--,.-..- ,.-,..
submitted 70 me and viii be transmitted TO Con-
gress with the evidence taken upon their in
vestigatOn.
Their work has been well done, and their
standing ana intelligence give assurance that
the report and suggestions they make are
worthy Of careful consideration
The message continues, with the following on
the tarid act OF the last session OF Congress-
The tariff act passed ut the last session of
the Congress needs important amendments if it
is to be executed electivey and with certainty.
n addition 10 such necessary amendments
viii not change rates OF duty, am st Il very de-
cdedly IN favor OF putting coal and iron upon
the free list.
so lar as the sugar schedule is concerned, l
would be glad. under existing HgErayations, TO
see every particle Of dil rental duty IN favor
Of refined sugar stricken out of our tariff law.
H. with all the favor now accorded 10 the sugar
refining intcre in our tariff laws il still
languishes 10 the extent of closed rehneries and
thousands of discharged wgrkmen II would
seem 10 present hopeless case for reasonable
legislative aid. Whatever else is done or omit
ted, earnestly repeat here the recommended
tion have made in another portion OF this COM
munlcation,ihaI the additional duty OF one-tenth
of q cent per pound. laid upon sugar imported
from countries paying bounty on its export,
be abrOgeted Il seems 10 me thet exceedingly
important considerations point 10 the propriety
Of this amendment
'.Nih the ADVENT of a new tariff policy not
only calculated u relieve the consumers Of our
land in the cost Of their daily ite, hut 10 invite
better development of American thrift and
create for US closer and more profitable COM
mer.ial relations with the rest Of the world, it
follows as a logical and imperative necessity
that we should ut once remove the chief II not
the only obstacle which has 50 long prevented
our participation in the foreign carrying trade
OF the sea. A Jarid built On the theory that il Is
well 10 check imports and that home market
Should boand the industry aud effort of Ameri-
can producers, was fitly supplemented by a
fusal to allow American registry to vessels built
abroad though owned and nayigated Sy our
people thus exhibiting a willingness 10 abandon
all contest for the advan ages oil American trans
eauic carriage our new tariff policy. built
upon the theory that II Is well TO encourage such
products and manufactures should find
market in every part Of the habitable
globe, is consistently supplemented by the
greatest liberty to our citizens in
the ownership and navigation of ships III which
our products and manufactures may be trans
ported, The millions now paid TO foreigners for
carrying American passengers and products
across the sea should he turned into American
hands. >hip-buildng which has been protected
to strangulatiOn, should be revived 10y the pros
pect Of profitable employment for ships when
built, and the American sailor should be resur-
rected and again take his place-a sturdy and
industrious citizen in time of peace, and
patriotic and safe defender of American inter-
ests IN the day of conflict
After recc mmending the repeal of the law
denying American registry to ships built abroad
the Plesid cnt concludes with the following on
the gold reserve:
During the last month the gold reserved in
the Treasury for the purpose of redeeming the
notes OF the government circulating as money in
the hands OF the people became so reduced, and
its further depletion in the near future seemed
50 certain, that in The exercise OF proper care
for the public welfare it became necessary TO re-
plenish this reserve and thus maintain popular
faith in the ability and determination OF the
government to meet, as agreed, its pecuniary
1T would Lave been well If in this emergency
authority had existed to issue the bonds of the
government bearing a low rate OF interest and
maturing within q short period; but the Con-
gress having failed to confer such authority, re-
sort was necessarily had to the resumption act
of 1879, and pursuant 10 its provisions bonds
were issued drawing interest at the rate of per
cent per annum and maturing ten years after
their issue, that being the shortest time author
ize1 by the act am glad to say, however, that
On the sale OF these bones the premium received
operated 10 reduce the rate of Interest to be paid
by the government to less than per cent
Nothing could be worse or further removed
from sensible finance Than the relations ex-
l5tlng between the currency the government
has issued, the gold held Tor its redemption, and
the means which must be resorted for the
purpose of reIlenishing such redemption fund
when impaired. Even if the claims upon this
fund were confined to the obligations originally
intended and if the redemption of these oblga-
tions meant their cancellation, the fund would
be very small But these obligations when re-
ceiYed and redeemed in gold are not cancelled
but are reissued and may do duty many times
by way of drawing gold from the Treasury
Thus we have an endless chain in operation con-
stantly depicting the TreRsurys gold and never
near final rest As if this was not bad enough,
We have, by statutory declaration that it is the
policy of The government TO maintain the parity
between gold and silver, aided the force and
momentum of this,exhaustng process and added
largely to the currency obligations claiming this
peculiar gold redemption. Our small gold re-
serve is thus subject to drain from every side
The demands that increase our danger also in
creae the necessity of protecting this reserve
against depletion and it is most unsatisfactory