The Bottineau pioneer. (Bottineau, N.D.) 1885-1895, 1894-06-09
FOR THE FARMERS.
nj INFORMATION ABOUT FARM
MATTERS.
r~,r,.h,r~ Cattle In the Northwest-
some Little Useful Vegetaoies-i
FARMERS Fowls-Churnins NJ
Temperature-some Far"

prof Thomas Shaw, of the Minneso-
tn agricultural experiment station, la
+he Live Stock Report, says: Ibis
whole question seems to be In the I'LL,
settled stage at the present time i,
is only engaged in by a very lhil usd
number relatively of the people, a .S
those who do engage in 1t seem 10 lvi
low it on what may be termed .ie
rather than the intensive
nlan. that is to say, they have more re-
gard to economy of labor in their opei,
atoms than to economy In the loon
given. ,,o+
As things are, it is well probably that
the few rather than the many engage
in this work. since the many have not
the facilities for carrying it on properly.
But with these facilities, if it Were pos
sible to obtain them, it would be Detter
in the end if those who raised the cattle
fed them. BY facilities l mean sulta-
BILE winter protection and suitable 1oou.
In Ontario, in some localities, every
farmer feeds a small bunch OF steers
of his own raising. The plan Is an ex-
cellent one for then the farmer VINO
rears the animal gets the profit from
the transaction, whereas when cattie
are reared by one party and nnlsheu
by another. as in the Northwest, those
who grow the cattle have little OF ho
profit.
They cannot have profit, owing to the
prices for which such animals are
turned over to the feeder. When three
years old they fetch to those who raise
them about 2 cents per pound live
weight-that is to say, the grower OF a
three-year-old steer gets about $lS or
$50 for his work, all told. II he had
shelter for winter feeding, and could
carry the animal on to the following
spring, he could reasonably look for at
least 4 cents per pound live weight,
or twice the sum which he gets by
selling the same in the autumn to be
finished by another party.
1t seems somewhat strange that men
fail to see what they lose by not finish
ing themselves the store stock which
they raise. A farmer could get just as
much for one finished animal in the
spring as for two unfinished in the
fall. 1t would, therefore, seem well
worth the effort to try and secure
facilities that would bring the good
price for the finished product.
Those who finish cattle in the North
west by winter feeding seem to do SO
in many instances at least, by feeding
large quantities of food. Some feeders
give tWenty-Seven pounds of corn and
cob meal per day, that is to say, about
twenty-ene or twenty-five pounds Of
corn meal without the cob, and al
the hay they will. eat in addition. Sucf
feeding seems very large to one accus
toned to feeding in Ontario, where /
is not common to find any one who
gives more than twelve pounds of mea
per day to an animal that is being fed
In the Northwest foods are cheap
and, in consequence, the necessity fol-
economy in feeding has not been mucl
felt as yet. Labor is dear, and in thu
effort to economize labor it is ut leas'
questionable if the average Northwest
eIn feeder is not losing more by ex
%travagant feeding than he would by
feeding economically, though at a great
er outlay for wages and building np'
terial such as would keep the cattle
warm.
There is not uniformity by any means
in the plan of cattle feeding practised
but in many instances I have met with
feeding establishments conducted us fol
lows: The cattle would be fed in 8
yard in the open air. They would have
access to a shed i'll which to lie if they
so desired. There would he \ water
trough in one part of the yard, WHERE
they could drink. The water is, OF
course, icy cold. Under these condi
finnc - fhnxy oro n rai, ,,av>i11u thnx
must be well fed, that is to say, they
must be given large quantities Of food
In other words, the exposure to the
cold conditions to which the animals
Are subjected must be atoned for by
giving large quantities of meal. III
those instances where at least twenty
pounds of corn meal are being fed pei
day, eight pounds more are being given
than are used in the warm stables OF
Ontario. Eight pounds of meal per day
to every animal fed by one extensively
engaged in feeding would mean a great
deal, even when corn is cheap. II
would mean that ere very long a say
ing of So much meal per day would
pay for comfortable sheds.
Some Little Used Vegetables.
lN.ry country Ia: it. own lin. q
vegetables; those that grow and do vel
finally come to be those generally
grown. The following belong to Tho
cl:,ss, not in much reputc here, and
they are rarely met with in our mar
kets:
German hampton belongs to the even
ing primrose family; the root is the part
used, either cooked or rs a salad.
There is another rampion belonging
to the campanula family; the roots are
used the same as with the other.
Skirret, which was one used, is now
seldom heard of.
The globe artichoke is a hardy peren
NAL. The portions Of the plant. used
are the lowest leaves or scales of tho
calyx, and the fleshy receptacle Of the
flower. 1t is considered a dainty disk
by Europeans.
The cardoon is a plant viii, IN resem
bles the former. The parts of this plant
used are the stems of the leaves q,
midribs; they are blanched lust as col
cry is. The French gather the flow
e.ers, dry them in the shade and use