The herald., 1894-11-13

istion and settlement of differences. The
commission ia impressed with the be
lief. by the evidence and by the attend
ant circumstances as disclosed, that {
different policy would have prevented
the loss of life and great loss of property
and wages occasioned by the strike"
MILITARY PROTECTION.
The report declares tine arrival o
troops at Chicago was opportune anc
says: THAT the policemen gym
than with the corporations, can
not be doubted, nor would il
be surprising to find the same sentim ent
rife among the military. These forcse
are largely recruited from the laboring
classes. Indeed, the danger is growing
that in strike wars between corporations
and employees, military duty will ul-
timately nave to be done by others than
volunteers from the labor ranks"
DANGEROUS PRECEDENT.
United States deputy marshals to the
number of $500 were selected by and
appointed at the request of the General
Managers association and of its rail-
roads. They we're armed and paid by
the railroads and acted in the double
capacity OF railroad employees and
United States officers. While operating
tie railroads they assumed and exer-
cised unrestricted United States author
ity when go ordered by their employers,
or whenever they regarded it as neces-
ssry. They were not under the di-eo-
ton or control of any government off,
cial while exercising authority. This is
placing officers of the government under
| ha of h II /.
roads. 1t is bad precedent that might
we'll lead to serious consequences.
The commission briefly disposes in
this way of the matter of the use OF fed
eral troops:
"Section four, article four OF the fed
ersl constitution reads as follows: The
United States shall guarantee to every
state in the union republican form of
government, and shall protect each OF
them against invasion, and on spplica-
ton of the Legislature or the executive
when the legislature cannot be con-
vened) against domestic violence.
THE USE OF TROOPS.
UNITED States troops were not sent
into Illinois on the application Of the
legislature or the executive against do
mestic violence, i. g., violence affecting
the state and it's government as such.
The president ordered the troops to Chi
csgo: (l) to protect federal property;
(2) to prevent obstruction In the carry
ing of the mails; (3) to prevent inter-
ference with interstate commerce; "a
to enforce the DEGREES and mandates of
the federal courts.
He did this under the authority of
section 5298 of the revised statutes of
the United States. which provides:
Wherever by reason of unlawful OBJ.
structions, combinations or assemblages
of persons or rebellion against the au-
thority of the United States it shall
become impractica5le in the Judgment
OF the president to enforce by the ordi.
nary course of judicial proceedings the
laws of the United States within any
state or territory it shall be lawful for
the president to call forth the militia OF
any state or of all the states and employ
such parts OF the land or naval forces of
the United States as he may deem nee.
essary to enforce the faithful execution
OF the laws of the United States or 10
suppress such rebellion in whatever
state or territory thereof the laws oil the
United States may be forcibly opposed
or the execution thereof foroibly OBJ
etruoted.
Section 5299 is also quoted, and the
report adds: "Other statutes tend to
confer authority in the same direction.
A. R. U. OFFICIALS EXoNERATED.
"There is no evidence before the COM
mission that the officers OF the A. r. U.
at any time participated in or advised
intimidation, violence or destruction OF
property. They knew and fully appre-
ciated that as soon as mobs ruled. the
organized forces OF society would crush
the mobs and all responsible for them in
the remotest degree, and this meant de.
feat. The attacks upon corporations
and monopolies by the leaders in their
speeches are similar to those to be found
in the magazines and industrial works
OF the day. From the testimony it is
fair to conclude that strikers were con-
cerned in the outrages against law and
order, although the number was un-
doubtedly small as compared with the
whole number out"
THE REAL RESPONSIBILITY.
The report adds, however: MANY
impartial observers are reaching the
view that much OF the real responsible
ity for these disorders rests with the
people themselves and with the govern
ment for not adequately controlling
monopolies and corporations, and for
failing reasonably to protect the rights
of labor and redress it's wrongs. No one
asserts that laws can completely remedy
contentious as to wages, ETC., but many
do insist that something substantial can
be accomplished in this direction ii
made honestly and reasonably in good
faith"
THE NEED OF ARBITRATION.
In conclusion the report says: Since
nations have grown to see the wisdom OF
avoiding disputes by Cancellation, and
even of settlement by arbitration, why
should capital and labor, in their de.
pendence on each other, persist in cut
ting each others throats as q settlement
OF their differences? Official reports
show that much progress has been made
in the more same direction OF concilia-
ton and arbitration, even in America.
Abroad they are in advance Of US in this
policy. Were our population as dense
and opportunities aa limited as abroad,
present industrial conditions would
keep us much more disturbed than we
now are by eontests between capital and
labor. Some OF our courts, however,
are still poring over the law reports OF
antiquity in order to construe conspir-
acy out of labor unions. We also nave
employers who obstruct progress by
perverting and misapplying the law OF
supply and demand, and VINO, while in