Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1894-12-15
Spraying for FUNGUS Fruit Diseases.
written for tho NEWS

Written for tho NEwa
Probably in no other country OF the
world is spraying for fungous diseases
Of fruits praciiced to the same extent as
In the United States. Seven years ago
practically nothing was known Of this
subject, In fact the number actively en-.
gagged in spraying their trees, vines, ETC.,
for such diseases Of the grape, did not
exceed half hundred, all told. Now
as a fair estimate probably no less than
$1,000 fruit growers are engaged In this
work. From the Atlantic to the pacihc
and from the great Lakes to the Cult,
the methods recommended by the de-
pariment Of agriculture are practiccd
every year. Canada has also adopted
many Of the suggestions made, and even
Australia is actively engaged In expert
ments In the treatments Of apple. pear.
peach and other diseases. IN accordance
with suggestions made from the n. 5.
department.
DoEs IT PAY TO sPRAy2
This question is in large part answered
by the facts already given. No work
that did not carry merit with Il could
have had such phenomenal growth.
To give a more direct answer, however.
1t may be stated that the season Of iSg7
two hundred and fifty grape.gtowers IN
different parts Of the country made a
series OF observations with a view Of
obtaining some definite information as
to the value IN dollars and cents Of the
recommendations made by the depart
ment IN the treatment OF grape diseases.
The facts reported by these men show
conclusvely that the actual profit to
them over all expenses resulting from
the treatment Of back.rot aud downy
mildew was In round numbers $1,000.
Thirteen thousand dollars OF tins sum
was reported from the state OF New
York alone.
Other examples equally as striking
could be given. but this Is sufficient for
the purpose. OF course, every one Is
not successful, but where failure is re-
ported Il Is usually easy to locate and
remedy the trouble.
FUsGIcIDEs OR REMEDIES USED IN
SPRAYING.
Numerous preparations have been re-
commended and used for this work. For
all practical purposes, however, there
are but four which properly may be
called remedies. They are /. Bordeaux
mixture; ?. ammoniacal solution OF
copper carbonate; 3. raw eileste, and g.
modified raw celeste. The latest cx-
periments indicate that the lest result
will follow the use OF these preparations
when made as follows:
"a BOdcdHr MfrhVc,-ln a barrel
that will hold lorty.hye gallons dissolve
six pounds Of copper sulphate, using
eight or ten gallons OF water or as much
as may be necessary for the purpose. In
a tub or half barrel slack four pounds OF
JfeSh lime. When completely slakcd,
add enough water to make a creamy
white-wash. Pour this slowly into the
barrel containing the copper sulphate
solution, using a coarse gunny sack
stretched over the head OF the barrel tor
a strainer. Finally I'LL the barrel with
water, stir thoroughly. and the mixture
Is ready Tor use. Prepared In this way
the cost OF one gallon OF the mixture
will not exceed one cent, the price Of
copper sulphatc being seven cents per
pound and lime twenty-five cents per
bushcl. In all cases Il Is desirable to
use powdered sulphate, as Il costs but
little more, and d.ssolves more rapidly.
IL Is highly important also that fresh
lime be used. Ii will be seen by those |
familiar with former suggestions made |
by the department OF agriculture that !
the strength OF this mixture has been |
diminished one.halt 1t was found as
the result Of experiments made that a
mixture OF this strength and even much |
weaker, gave practically as good results |
as the Old formula. which required six |
pounds OF copper sulphate aud four |
pounds Of lime TO twenty-five gallons OF |
water.
al <irwHoHieai Solution Of C9fbey |
Caf6OHakc.-ln an ordinary water pail |
mix five ounces OF copper carbonate |
with enough water to make thick |
paste. Dissolve this paste In three pints |
OF strong aqua ammonia, then dilute TO |
forty five gallons. II three pints OF |
ammonia are not sufficient TO dissolve |
all the paste, add enough to bring about
this result Copper carbonate occurs
In the market In the form Of a fine
gfeenish powder. The retail prices Is
usually sixty cents per pound. Aqua
ammonia having a strength OF twenty.six
retails at eight cents per pound. Upon
this basis one gallon Of the ammonlcal
solution OF copper carbonate will cost
one cent
al Eau Celesf.-Dissolve two
pounds OF copper sulphate in eight
gallons OF water. When completely
dissolved add three pints OF strong
ammonia and dilute to forty.iive gal.
Ions. Prepared in this way the solution
will cost about two'thirds Of a cent per
gallon.
al AoRifsd Eau Ctleiis.-Dissolve
four pounds Of copper sulphatc in to
eighteen gallons Of water, and stir In
five pounds Of washing or sol soda, then
add three pints Of aqua ammonia, dilute
10 iorty-fve gallons. The cost will be
"a cents per gallon.
now AND WHEN TO SPRAY.
It should always be borne in mind
that no hard and fast rules can be laid !
down for work Of this kind. Frequent
~ the fruit grower will have TO use his
own judgment, especially as regards the
number Of sprayIngs and the proper
time TO discontinue them. II this be not
done serious results may follow. In the
treatment Of blackrot Of the grape we