Morning journal and courier., 1894-02-02
wou1n rna1.Anp po rra

Tho whole crusade of 1S40 was for free food. and Cobden nowhere says anything slse. Protection, in our modern sense, is never mentioned in one of his free trade speeches.
 After this review of the story of Eng lands change will any one dare to say that | he finds therein any justification for the present deed of violence which is called the Wilson billi &
 Suppose England, instead of being a | little island in the sea. had been the half | of great continent full of raw material. | capable of an internal commerce which | would rival the commerce of tho rest of the world s
 Suppose every year new millions were focking to her shores and every one of these new millions in . few years, a soon as they tasted ths delights of . broader life, would become as great . consumer as any one of her own people.
 Suppose that these millions and the TO- COG, 900 already gathered under the folds of her flag were every year demanding and receiving a higher wage and therefore broadening her market as fast as her ma chinery could furnish production. Sup pose she had produced cheap food beyond all her wants, and that her lsborers spent so much money that whether wheat was 60 cents Q bushel or twice that sum hardly entered the thoughts of one of them, except when some democratic tariff bill was par ally zing his business.
 Suppose that she was not only but can non shot from France, but that every country in Europe had been brought as near to her ss Baltimore is to Washing ton, for that is what cheap ocean freights mean between us and European producers. Suppose that all those countries had her machinery, her skilled Workmen, her in- dustrial system and labor 40 per cent. cheaper. Suppose under that state of facts, with all her manufacturers proclaim ing against it frantic in their disapproval, England had been called upon by Golden she have done iti Not if Golden had been backed by the Angelic Host. History gives England credit for great sense., .- ~. With wages rising, prices of nanufac- tured goods falling, with lessening hours of labor, what more do you want except more of the same sorta The truth Is that this very question of rising wages is what make good many men free traders. QUESTION or WAGES VITAL.
 I confess to you that this question of wages is to me the vital question. To in- sure our growth in civilization and wealth we must not only have wages as high as they are now, but constantly and steadily increasing,
 The progress of this nation is dependent upon the progress of all.
 OLD WAGES IMPOSSIBLE. Can you get carpenter or bricklayer to work for twenty-five cents day. He did it in England in 1725. To-day in the United States 1t is poor place where he cannot got ten times that sum. Why does he have to have ten times as much. Be- cause the carpenter of to-day could no more live as did the carpenter of 1725 than he could live in . cave and hunt snakes for food.
 CONSUMERS AND PRODUCERS ONE. This question of wages ia all-important | as bearing upon the question of consump- tion. All production depends upon con- sumption. Who are the consumers? In ! the old days when the products ot the manufacturer were luxuries the lord and his retsiners, the lady and her maids, wei C | the consumers, a class apart by themselves, but to-day the consumers are the produc- ! CTS.
 GREATEST CONSUMERS IN THE WORLD. We are nominally 100000 people That is what we are in mere numbers. Bu, as market for manufactures and choice foods we are potentially 200, ,0O0, 900, a' compared with the next best nation on thl
 globe. Nor is this difficult to prove ! Whenever an EnRltshmsn earns $l ar
 American earns $1 60.
 On page 365 of Mulhall's Dictionary O.
 Statistics" hs says the total yearly pro
 duct of the manufacturers of the world ar
 f4, AZ, ,000, 900, of which the United State
 produces e1,443. 100000. We produc,
 one third, and the rest of the world, Egg.
 land included, two-thirds.
 The population of the world is 1.500,
 COG. 900. of which we have 7O,O00, ,000
 mankind. We use all our manufactures
 or the equivalent of them. Hence we ar
 equal to one-half the whole globe outeid
 of ourselves, England included, an
 compared as 8 market with the rest o the world. our population is equal t 715, ,O00, 900.
 The orators on the other side say the, are going to maintain wages. How ca
 that be possiblea All things sell at tn cost of production. If the difference be tween cost of production here and cost O production in England be not equalizsd b the duty, then our cost of production mus go down or we must go out.
 If had job to dig on the railway th competitor for that job whom I should fea would not be my friend from New York but some child from sunny Italy, SC newl imported that he had not grown up to tn wages of his adopted country. F THE cHIaEsz LESSON. Why did the work psople of Californi object to the ChinsseI Because they kne, that if they swarmed here in sufiicien
 numbers. the law of wages would make ou own wages impossible.
 Men in America demand high and highe wages becsuse their surroundings cree what used to be luxuriss into necessities. On the question of the constitutionalit } of tariff taxation shall spend no time. l have not been here as long ss have witt | out learning that esnstitutionality and UT constitutionality on the other side of th chamber are mere phrases, and that whe , Q gentleman of the other side with swellin voice denouncss the tariff as unconstitr , ttonal he merely means that he does no
 Ike it.
 If the Father of His Country, fresh fror
 the convention, in signing the first tsrii : tax bill, signed an unconstitutional ac, and the whole democratic party are bette
 than George WashiDgton-a thing nc hitherto charged upon them. WHO PAYS TARIFF TAxEsl But do not the people pay the taril
 taxes, and do they not go into the pocket of the monopolistsi Do you believe tn
 consumer pays the tax, or the foreigner
 We'll. I am going to be perfectly fran
 about that and snswer, sometimes one, ,an sometimes the other, and sometimes both
 wAaKa AND INVENTION. The great forces of nature and the wisea
 inventions are alike improbable except fo
 . large consumption. Hence, large con sumption is at the basis of saving in man
 ufscture, and hence high wages contrib
 ute their share to progress. If you ono
 accept the idea that necessity is the mothe
 of invention, instead of regarding inven
 tion as coming from heaven knows where
 you ,sn see how high wages stimulate it.
 To sum up, If this protection gives u
 money and men, and our vast countr,
 needs both, 1t may show why we have 8 l wonderfully prospered. The way to hay
 two jobs hunting one man is to keep ol
 making new mills and try to prevent th
 committee on ways and means from pull
 ing down old ones.
 A RKJUaE FOR FIFE COMMITTEE.
 "But," says some gentleman fuller o
 political economy than of sense, "why d,
 you not transfer your capital from thes
 protected industries to the more proata
 blea"