New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1894-07-11
prBI7C OPINION sUs7AIyS TIE Authorities

FOUR MEN WERE APPREIIENDED AND IND1cT-
MENTs WERE FOUND AGAINST oTHERs-ALL
TIE PRISONERS WE'RE DAILED OFT LAST
EvENrNG-LErTERs AND RECORDS AT
TIE STRIKERS HEADQUARTERS con
rlscATED ny TIE MAEsHA1.s-
LITTLE EXCITEMENT IN THE
STREETS or CHrCAGO-LABOR
LEADERS MET THE NEWS
uY ORDERING GEN
ERAL STRIKE.
Chicago. July Io-Eugens v. Debs. president OF
the American Railway Union: George W. How
ard vice-presdcnt. sylvester Keliher. secretary:
L. W Rogers. director. and James Murwin. an
engineer. who is said TO have thrown switch
on the Rock Island Road some time ago. en-
| dangerlng the lives Of many persons. were ar
| rested this afternoon on warrants sworn out
| pursuant 70 Indictments issued by the Federal
| Grand Jury which m,eto-day AZ noon. The full
llst OF Indictments was as follows Eugene v.
Dcbs George ". Howard. Sylveste~ kel!her. L.
W Rogers. James MurwIn. Lloyd Hotchkins a.
Pa.zy-bah. II. Elm James Hammond. William
| Smith. John Westerbrook. Edward O'Neil
Charles Naylcr. John Dury. William McMullen.
|
All with the exception of the first four were
arrested and arraigncd before United States
| Commissioner Hoyne. prior 10 the returning OF
the indictments and are out on bail. They are
| accused O. interfering with the business Of the
! United states. obstructng the mails and also or
preventing and hintcring the execution of the
| laws Of the United States.
Law UNDER WHICH ACTION WAS TAKEN.
The statutes under which they are indicted are
follows
n two or more persons consplrc to commit an
oCr.nse nga,nnf thS United states IN any manner
or FOR any pnrpos' ara one OF NOR, NOR @t sucH suc
conspiracy. all the persons to such conspira Snail
be liable TO a penalty Of not less than NeCo nor
than 5000 and % imprisonment FOR not more
II Two or more persons in any state Territory
conspre. ovcrthrow pun down or n"sr"y y %t Var
against them or TO oppose by i1toS e"D LIZ, tbs
Thereof or By force prevent. hinder or dcIay 'nt
execution or any law of N" United states ~ ~
force sclze take or posses. any ttopsi. ,bcrcof
United states. contrary I" IN" Au'n"il.{ ~, ~,
ioss ma. f-61 and no; more than 1900. Or by IL
nrisonnent With or without The foregoing me WIZ VIA
nor more than siX years. or both'
rhe Grand jury brought In ia report TO Judge
Gr,ssci,o's court AT $50 p IN. a.ter SESSION
in which the closest application t. details was
given. and only short recess at the noon hou'
IN order 20 get dinner was taken. Few witnesses
were examined Judge Grossrup's cAarse maze
r. the morning was =, sWcrgng as - cover
nearly all phases - the cas". tn" lIryInrh were
unaulullu, In thrlr vote flr Indictment. ana X
took them only a short tim" 10 decide "HA' % '''
JUDGE GROsscurs VIGOROUS CHARGE.
Tho charge .. Judge Grosscup t. the jury con-
suncI nearly an houi. and Was viz or'us one
TIE most significant portions were the l'H'"'hs
The Government Of the United states has snact-
cd laws. nrst to pi3''r1 tsIii anu , ,rnte'f its a
as Government. ana scrohlIy' 70 Pl"'', ~. ~ ~
thority over those agencies to which umlnr VIZ
regulations For the former purpose -h"lnrr, 80
protect Itself and its authority as Goyerhinc,ne
se,s an Zoo, assists or engages In any rebellion or
'nsurrection against th" authority OF tne n@,'n @
rort thereto" and "au, two or more PERSON IN
any state or Territory who consp!re to overthrow;
,hc I-n,,cA States "'"or 10 levy against them
W ,n' ~ me- n~ fore. the authority thereof by
arv law OF the United States, oT by force I" srke
taxi or ps'T1ns n any 59rn nSrcof Sf or sha be VS.
tied with certain penalties therein named. ,,.,
cal authoritj the open ana active opposition OK a
number of psrsena 70 the cSc%"on mo ncd nj state
forbid under penalty any person ron rom % oo, at
lng or regarding the pa'sag. o' m mall nnt hlrS
and brinC them before the court II. Therefore, II
hnva wnfilv ohqirnced or retarded the malls. and
that their attempted arrest Tor such oHen'e mas
Lpcn
wo,,i5 rongtitutc n general uprising IN that par
flcuar locality ana az threatens, Tor the tline o.
ing the civil and political authority. then thr
fact OF an lnsurrection within the meaning OF the
law has been established
OBSTRUCTION OF THE MAILS
The mails are In the special keeping Of the Gov
ernmcnt and laws OF the United states. To IN
s,rc their unhlndcrei transmission 1t ia made an
orcnse 10 knowingly and "hfully obstruct or
retsrd the passage OF the mail or any carriage
horse driver o. carrier carrying the same.
II is also provided that ~ two or more persons
consplrc together to commit orense against
the United States M 70 c,rnci n. the P oDicc, Of the
conspiracy" nll the parties thereto shail DE- sun
Any person Knowingly and wllfuiIy doing any a,'
which conribntcs or i- calculated - contrDmin iv
ob"tructing or hlndcrinS the mais. or VINO knownsy
,nt ,yofuily takes a part ia such acts. no matter
how trivial lf Intentional IS guilty 81 Violation s g.,
cn,snircs Win one or more other persons. one OF
whom subsequently, commits IA" 2mfhsf etT sfafns
What constitutes conspiracy To hinder or oostruct 1
mails VIII be oqchri 1 @ HIpH YOUR IN attpHton
The Constitution places the resiaa'rh,t sa hst ween the
stotcs and foreign nations within the keeping OF
the United States GoyernmGn, An1ymnreio Anyusi pmr
noses from ono state to another and " actually IN
transit and any psssensT mnS and
any car or carriage actually Transporting OF cn- %
Tas9a S scsntr IN snsnGGrHSE nG
merce and any conspiracy IN aysirst the Tinted
a,ates " TO rrstrain ia 10 prohibit. limit. confne or
abridge a thing The restraint may be permanent
or TEMPORARY II may be intended TO prohinlt, nm,
or abridge for ell time or for II day only me law
draws no distinction IN this respect CorlinerGt %.
this character IL intended to be- free. except supJert
to regulations by law at ell times and Tor al al
ncrods Temporary restraint Is, Therefore as IN
.oIcrable az permanent. and practical restraint py
actual physical interference ms criminal us tnai Una,
which flows from the ARRANGEMENTS OF pushesS anu
organization. Any physical interference, therr-
fore which has the effect Of restraining any pas
senger car or thing constituting an element or IN
terstate commerce forms the foundation Tor thS
But 10 complete this offence. as also that OF
conspiracy 10 obstruct the mails. there must exstt
in addition the resolve or purpose the element OF
criminal conspiracy
CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY DEFINED.
VIVA, Is criminal conspiracy? II It shall appear
70 vou ;sa. any two or more persons corrupuy or