The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-05-14
Laying Out the Qarign


farm, says the New York Times. One
acre prepared in the best manner. will
supply as large quantity of the most de
slfable vegetables and fruits as could be
purchased for 5000, and the quality of the
purchased products, by the want of fresh
ness, would be greatly inferior to those
produced in q farm garden.
1t would pay many farmer the full
cost OF the Journey TO visit market gar
den In the vicinity of any large town or
great city and Study the ways OF the gar
dener. Many of these men make single
acre pay 5000 in the season, and why
should not a farmer do as well? How they
do it may thus be summed up:
The land is laid out on the most eco
nomlcal system as to culture of the crops.
1t is not thing of shreds and patches.
one blocking the way to the other but is
laid out in rows that may be cultivated in
the easiest manner without the waste of
one inch of space. And it is a fact that
experience will show very quickly, if
figures do not at the first sight, that the
longer these rows are the more econom-
ical is the working of the land This ap-
plies to fields as well as gardens. and thus
the long and narrow field is most cneaply
and probably worked, as well as the
long, narrow garden.
The various plants may be grown IN
long rows as well in every way as in
square beds. The one will not interfere
with the other, excepting those that are
so closely related that one will fertilize
the other, and thus mix to some extent.
But this is easily prevented by planting
these apart and not in close contact.
Such crops as cucumbers and melons,
that mature about the same time, may be
apt to mix b. crOss-fertilization of the
m a 10 1vro
fected by the pollen through the blossoms,
it is easily avoided.
A good shape for the garden is a long
square, as Sx2O rods for an acre, and one
row of this length will afford a sufficient
supply of any one product. It is not ne
cessary that each row be filled out with
one single kind. All those that require
the same width of row may be planted in
the same rows, as asparagus, rhubarb,
the small fruits, and the peas and beans.
The advantage of this arrangement is
that horse cultivating Is possible in these
wider spaces, and in the narrower ones
the hand pillow and cultivator may be
used. This will greatly lessen the work,
and hand culture may be mostly dis
pensed with. The ends of the garden
pot should be left unplowed and under
grass, so that the horse may be turned on
this space which should be eight feet
wide. This will leave clear space for
cultivation of 100 yards for the rows,
with a width of forty-four yards.
Asparagus plants may stand is inches
apart in the row feet wide, ard thus
one row will hold POO plants, or sufi-
Gent number of the indispensable rhu-
barb may be planted in the same row at
one end, giving 4 feet to each plant.
Beans, beets, onions, carrots, lettuce,
dwarf peas, turnips and parsnips may all
be grown in eighteen-inch rows, but the
tall peas will want fully 3 feet. and if the
wire netting is used for support, instead
of the inconvenient brush, there will be
ample room between the rows for work
and passage. The earliest potatoes may
be grown in the garden, but later ones
may be procured from the field. This
arrangement of the garden makes the
quantity of seed needed a simple matter.
For instance, 100 yards of row will re-
quire The following quantities of seed:
Beets, 5 ounces. Lettuce, ? ounces.
Dwarf beans, quarts. kale. ounce.
Pole beans, plnts. IMuSkmelons, LOUNGES.
Caulihower y ounce. Onions, 2 ounces
Carrot. 8 ounces. Onion sets, quarts
Cabbage, ounce. IParsnip, ounces.
Celery, ) ounces. Peas, 3quarts.
Sweet corn, quart Radish, ounces.
Cucumber. ounces. Tomato, l ounce.
gg plant, ounce. lurnlp, 3 ounces.
The above list will serve to estimate for
shorter rows, and will give an excess of
plants in each case, leay ing room for the
necessary thinning of young Pants. Some
foolish advice is often given as TO the COW
ering of the seeds, and it is matter for
surprise that some of the leading seeds
men. who certainly should know better
and do practice differently from what
they advise, give the proper depth for the
seed as three times the diameter rOf each
kind of seed. Thus, cabbage seed is to be
sown -tenths of one inch deep, ac-
cording to the advice thus given This is
quite impracticable, and a better rule
may be that for all seeds like cabbage one
inch of covering is not any too much, and
only safe The larger seeds should be
covered at least two inches, and as soon
as the plants are we'll up they should be
earthed up by throwing a light furrow TO
the row with the hand pillow. Several
years use of this little implement has
added to the first experience, that it is
indispensable in the garden, if it is only
small affair of four rods square. 1t Will
make the drills for the seed, cover the
seed, and do all the work of cultivating
the ground through the season, by the
help of the cultivating attachments, ana
a seed drill may also be attached TO IT, A
sufficient supply of fertilizers should go
WIN every RdTu6u. I4ACtSS VI Adih Hio
nure is disagreeable, and tends to growth
of leaf at expense of seed. II also en-
courages the various molds and mildews
and other diseases of the plants. The
best fertilizer is the complete manure,
which is made as a substitute for the com
mon stable manure. 1t has all It's good
qualities as food for plants, but has none
of its defects as mass Of decomposlng,
offensive matter and a conveyOr OF SEEDS
of weeds into the garden, where their
absence is so exceedingly desirable. II
for this reason alone, the artificial fer
tilizers only should be used in the garden.
Cultivation and Care of Fruit Garden.
After fruit trees have been planted
they should be thoroughly and frequently
cultivated, says Dr.. Croft, in American
Agriculturist In short, the fruit garden
should be worked in much the same way
as the farmer works his corn or potatoes
when he desires an extra fine crop. Inc
trees should be cultivated Tor 1our or
five wears when after this time the
ground may be seeded in clover, but the
small fruits must be cultivated every
season early and late, and the ground
kept entirely free from weeds, II goou
crops are desired. While trees ana
bushes are small, the ground between the
rows may very proftaDly be occupied oy
summer crops of vegetables, as potatoes