The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1894-08-12


very little out OF pocket. sold his snal'
10 Mr. Nelson for 800 pounds, and OF mr. nts,'
gentlemen the company AT preseht 80 or.
sists. And Mr.. Chlswell is the only per.
son amongst them that knows anythlns
! OF the matter. H.,
one Of the mines attached to the TUT TUT
! mace WAS fifteen or twenty feet dtep g. 49,
| the ore was dlslodged by blasting, a t,i
| which IL was carried away In baskets
! up 70 the heap. IL was caICaIi'a anG arc
| being used, layers Of charcoal anu ~
alternating. The limestone s9, epr I as bal
/ last. and carted frcm the kappshahh S y
! by the OK teams which brought u.MH IN, IL
iron. Colonel Byrd resomi"% en-, ii, S,is
! stitution Of oyster sHeH9 'Vi
| but without ELECT
/ coLovRL sPOITswOoD's FrnNAcf.
The next furnace visited by Colonel
| pyr1 was directly controlled by Colonel
| S1otfswood and was situated IN spot
! svIvania county, about twenty mics
I .,,,fhWcst Of Fredericksburg, ana ABOUT
! thirteen miles from Germenna. rms
! iasf place was situated In Orange county,
! on the sOuthside OF the kapidan ana
J about fourteen miles distant from us
! Junction with the Rappahannock. IT had
/ been settled 10y Germans and Afterwards
abandoned for another location on lail1
/ Of their own ten miles higher IN tnr
fork of the RappahannOck' This furnace
according to Colonel Spottswood. was
the first In Virginia. II was pun on
rough stone being the first OF that klhu
The iron made at this furnace was
cartcd fifteen miles to Nassdponeet, on
the Rappahannock. five niles abVte ~
ericksburg. where Colonel Spots"oou nup
recently erected an air furnace, Whlcl
he had now brought to perfectoI anu anu
should be thereby able 10 furhlsh tnc
whole country with All sorts OF Cas' t sror,
as cheap and as good as ever an - not
England The blast furnace had Hol
LinScn fnr several moons. the Colonel nav
ing taken Of a great part Of his people
TO carry on his air furnace al -.a f'3 n
meet" There the wheel that eai,i i, feet
bellows was no more than twenty re-
in diameter" The ore at this tufHaES
was also blasted with gun PoWucl In
the land t,reabouts seemed paNtu ~
iron ore. so that there seems - DS
10 feed furnace for many "B'S'
rNoLANp's IRON MINES.
Colonel Byrd next mentions England
iron mines. called so from the chie1 man
a-ey ~ Them. though the land belongs
Wasbington.7 These mines, ne
states. were on the north slde OF ''
RappahannOck river. not Jar III" No.
srrinr Of strong steel water which Was
IN King George county. twelve miles
distant from fredericksburg. Two hllioS
distant from the mines was Iui1'' -
Mr. Washington raises ne t,,t nte an m
carts il thither for twenty sni,linss tne
ION Of iron that IL yields. Ire Iuind,Co
is built on q run. which discharges tS
waters into the Pctopack. ana " men i No.,
iron is cast they cart II aooq Itses 81 Mir
10 4 landing on that river. besirC" rc
XVaehington and Mr. England there are
severai other furnaces ID hnsiHnp IN
cerDrd i'm these works. eiatteis az T.
we'll managed there ana 70 wbl6h
spared 70 make them proitaV'S,
~ not the case in the WORKS l hdNy AZ
ready mentioned This was 1872 ~
furnace. one OF the po5seS9iOii! sV ~ an
Stafford county and the Mr. " a5lt.'ls |J,'
referred 10 was AuEls ~. " a''''''7'
the father Of George Wa-hinktol f,,,
Colonel Byrd did not visit Ac. 'is',, az.
mace but sent TO colonel @po' tSNo ox a. a..
fmrnace at Massaponeet. which he ful$
descrihes II was very amnluous dnH
creditabe enterprise - nave pe. .,ri..,i ,,ee1
fully managed Colonel ,Spotlssmoo,dd 80 80
II into sundrv utensils. such as paChs
for chimneys. andirons. fen1erSi pi"fSSS
Tor bearfbt pots hooters. rollers lVl
aa,dsnors .ililiets. boxes for cart Whrels
ga man other things. and, being cast
fror, tha r8W iron, are much bellrl Ui"n
those which come from EnSiahd' WI AZ
are cast Immediately from the ore LOT 'iie
most part
TO ENCOURAGE IRON WORKS.
According 10 Or Brooks researches
an act for the encourageinen H. VI a,lI
works was P5aSsed IN NJ Ma$ Siisc Gov, and
manufacturing Of iron ore reQusite i"'
tho fabr!cating. the imphmcuts OF nu is
bandry small arms. inucnchlnk lo9,,s,
nnrboys and other things necessary Ioi
III army and navy. j. at this lime 60
eenlial 10 the welfare ana existence on
This state. as the usual supplies 81 ll7
and bar iron from foreign states - ~
I.red difficult md uncertain, ana James
Hunter near Fredericksburg, hdIh eitct-
"a and Is now carrying on AT conei1rI-
aide expense and labor many eNteh5Ne
factories, Sitting plating ana VII nil.1.
ANA is greatly retared through the Want
of pig and bar iron, ana whereas lheIt
~ "A certain tract of land IN the count!
of stafford. called or 'moWn 10y thG H9A"c
Of AccDkce's furnace tract, on Wplch "
furnace for the making Of pis iron "aa
formerly erected AMI carried on, which
has been since discontinued, etc, he
act goes on 10 authorize james huhtSi
10 enter upon t"O hundred acre. 81 tuV
Accokeek tract, incl lding the OLD num-
ace if its owners or agents shpllt 49,
In one month TO begin and Within slH
months 10 erect thereon a furnace equ'i
70 or logger than the former 2lr az" oSs
prosecute the same for the making OF
pig iron and other castings.
IN THE yALLrY or VIRGINIA.
IN the valley Of Virginia many furnaces
and FORCES were built prior 20 the keVo-
Iufion and others were built before the
close ~ the century. Fane's furnace anu
forge on Cedar creek. in Fred rick coun-
~. We're built before any iron works III
this region" Pine Forge, in Shenandoah
county three and half miles north OF
New Market. was built at an early day.
Isabella furnace. on HawkshH creek,
near Luray, I'm Page county. was btiIl
about llG0 About l05 q furnace was
built on Messy creek. augusta county,
by Henry Miller and Mark Bird' o.
lSerks county. Pennsylvania. Bird soon
sold his interest to Miller ana forge
was subsequently added 10 this furnace
Union forge, near WaWesborough. ih
Augusta county, was built about lN".
In Rockbridgc county were two iorFes,
both built about the same time. Gibraltar
forge on North river, nine miles noFth
of Lexington and Buffalo forge, on 8ut-
falo creek, the same distance south or
Lexington. MOOre's furnace on 5tceIs
creek in this county ana furnace on
Smiths creek, in Rockingham county.
were built before 1900.
furnace was built In Loudoun county
before 1890, concerning which IT IS
stated that MIR. Chaplain. it's owner cut
canal through the end Of Cot0cktni
mountain 800 feet through solid rock ana
60 feet beneath the surface, TO obtain
water for his furnace and mill.
iron works were erected in Craig, Gray
son. Wythe Washington, CarroH, ana
other southwestern counties before thc
close OF the last century: y forge Oh
Chestnut creek, in Carroll county, was
bult about 1870. and another on Little
Reed Island creek about the same tine.
Poplar Camp furnace, on Poplar Camp
creek in Wythe county, appears 10 nave
been built In 177s, as a stone bearing that
date and identified with the furnace, IS
still preserved.
AIR FURNACE AT wTsTHAM.
An excellen air furnace" was built a
Westham, six miles above Richmond on
the north side OF the James river during
foundry established here AT the same
periO1 The air furnace lis said 10 have