The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-12-05

appears, that the milk from which the
cheese was made contained 1876 pounds
of fat. With skiHful handling, where
a centrifugal separator is nsed, 10 per
cent. more butter can be made out of
milk than there is fat Ia it, which
means that 205 05 pounds Of butter
could have been made from the milk
out of which 476 25 pounds of cheese
were made.
The cost Of making butter or cheese
from given amount of milk is about
the same. In summer butter has to
be sold as soon as made, usually at a
low price, while cheese may be neld
until it can be sold at profit.
In making cheese, some expert
ments are being carried on, which have
not been continued long enough to
report upon Some experiments will
be undertaken Immediately to find ont
how any person may make few
cheeses for his own use with little or
no expense for apparatus
For curing portion Of the cheese
a small cellar will be dug near the
dairy building to compare results
with the curing room in the dairy.
Several of our best cows have died
of haematuria (red water) 1t is
usually caused by eating poisonous
plants. To prevent its recurrence
cows should not be allowed to pasture
where these grow The pasturage is
totally insufficient for the number of
stock carried If good permanent
pasture could be provided and the
whole farm put under fence. so that
the cows could be pastGred in the
different fields as the crops were gath
cred, the disease would probably dis
appear and material saving be made
in the cost of feeding the cows.
In July, cow-poxwas brought here
with some cattle purchased at Green
vile By not allowing the mixers
OF these 70 milk the healthy cows the
disease did not spread Two of the
mixers were off duty for tinae with
vaccinated hands.
During the winter holidays all of
the milk Of the college herd will be
available for experimental work. To
assist IN the regular dairy work and
in experimental work four of the
cadets now employed as mixers
should be engaged for that period.
As the cattle disease, previously
referred to, which prevails in late
summer and fall is assuming serious
proportions in this and adjoining
counties, steps should now be taken
to commence thorough investigation
| as soon as anothcr outbreak is threat
ened.
In order to test the adaptability of
cheese factories and creameries to
existing agricultural conditions in
this State. and TO secure sufficient
milk for instruction purposes, milk
might be obtained from the farmers
living within radius Of three miles
of Clemson College Of these the
men who have been approached on
the subject are in favor of giving the
enterprise trial. The dairy build
ing has been planned with special
view towards working up a large
amount of milk economically into
butter and cheese.
There are several ways in which
the business could be carried on:
l The college" meaning Glenn
| son Agricultural College, could buy
the milk at certain fixed price
per pound
2. The college" could buy the
| milk at price, pending upon the
market quotations of butter and
cheese.
8 Butter or cheese could be made
from the milk at certain fixed price
per pound for manufacturing This
charge, based upon the experience Of
successful enterprises of like charac
ter elsewhere would amount to about
three cents per pound for butter and
one and half cents per pound for
cheese, the milk to be delivered at
the dairy building and the patrons to
take back their skim milk and whey
Each patrons milk would be weighed
and sampled on receiving, ard the
net receipts from sales of butter and
cheese would be divided among the
patrons according to he amount of
butter fat each has furnished, allow
ing patrons the privilege OF getting
what butter and cheese they wanted,
United to the amount they furnish
milk to make.
Under existing conditions, this
would be the best plan of the three
to adopt. The direct and immediate
benefits to those sending milk to the
college dairy would be, that more
butter and cheese of higher average
quality than that now made would be
produced. and higher prices could be