davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1894-09-20
Foreign Political Organizations.

They are not true friends of good govern
ment who have been favoring and sustain
ing, during the present year, the mainten-
ance OF separate political organizations
seeking to perpetuate among naturalized
voters ancient prejudices and race prefer
ences Much time, energy, and stationery
have been devoted to the maintenance of
the so-called Germsn-American CLEvE-
LAND Citizens '-Independent-R Reform Anti
Machine Volksbund which had at its head
Mr.. o. OTTENDoRFER. With money fur
nished, it Is believed, by an ambi-
tious but much disappointed ex- Mayor of
this town, the so-called Latin-Ameri-
can or Hot Tamale Union, designed to keep
Spanish, Italian, Cuban. Greek, Mexican,
and Swiss voters apart and distinct from
their fellow citizens of different lineage
has flourished and fiickered, to the reproach
OF good citizenship, only to collapse igno-
miniously when put to the test of an actual
count. Similarly another organization Of
paper existence and phantom following
feebly sustained, it is supposed, from the
same basis of intermittent financial sup
plies, the Irish American Civic Union. has
fallen by the political wayside; and the
bitter dissensions among the cliques, groups,
juntas, combines, and assorted packages in
the German-American organization as re-
vealed at the Tuesday night meeting at
Cooper Union. preflgure clearly row and
the shutting off of the beer at the spigot
That such il.considered, unpatriotic and
unwise gatherings Of individuals opposing
all sound traditions of equality in citizen
ship should collapse visibly and ingloriously
six weeks before the election is fitting; but
unfortunately this is not the termination OF
their power for mischief The agitation
which has been kept up for several months
by these organizations has had the effect Of
solidifying the forces OF all citizens opposed
to such manGuvres, and has forced into
prominence the "A. p. A." organization, a
menace to free institutions, untrammelled
suffrage, and good order everywhere. For
this result, alike unnecessary and deplorable,
these self-styled reformers are responsible,
and some of them are now endeavoring,
with little grace or skill, TO divert attention
from their political offences by loud outcres
and denunciations of their opponents.
There is no need for establishing or main
tanning any German A merican, I.atin-Amer-
lean, Irish-American, Franco American, or
Dutch-Ameriaan political party in New
York. Suchlines OF difference between for
eign-born voters should be obliterated not
fostered and perpetuated, and it is an ele-
ment OF strength in the position of Tam
many Hall in the approaching campaign
that 1t has rigidly and consistently depre-
Gated and opposed all such movements,
The sun., 1894-09-20
A B.,at.d Letter ON the A.,or Library

To THE EDITOR THE suN-Sir: The attack upon
the Astor Library In the column signed E." In your
esteemed newspaper OF this date is unjust. IL Is
specific 10 facts and cannot he specifically
answered. Dut without any idea impression as to
Its motive, state that Il Is uncaed for and untrue
IhAve known and used the Astor Library for twenty
years and II Is not a circulating library and to
exist at ALL Il must fulnI the conditions the trust
which maintains IT, which Is, among other things to
prevent Weary waggles and William Walker tyour
correspondent appears 10 be better acquainted with
them than Of usl from carrying on under their
waistcoats the whole set of Patent Oce reports and
pawnng them sc. And II II Is closed that mon
In the year which Its quarter century Of experience
u Is because the charter OF the library recognizes the
necessity of one month In twelve for repairing and
cuperatng the facilities II spreads generously and
cordially before the public, without question and
without restriction. for the remaining months.
The AstOr Library II reference library. and any
one however habited, who applies 10 inform himself
any subject at Its desk Will he supplied with as
carry the consulting tables The Columbia College
Library Is general library, supported by the funds ~
a university which keeps II always open and those
10 whom It's courtesies are extended II Is In many
ways servlceable as your correspondent points
out-thRn the AstnT But II Is because the funds
and rules Ot the university happeH To be more CON
venently observed by these readers than the rules
benefRcion or its terms not properly administered
sHAKEsrFARE SOCIETY OF NEW YoEK, oFFIcE or TaE
PRESIDENT, Aug. 20.
The sun., 1894-09-20

lesque Of the fact to represent the Popu-
lists rs stealing from the Democrats, and to
speak OF the income tax as II 1t were a
Democratic invention taken up by the Popu-
lists. As a means of converting the Georgia
Populists, however, this piece Of humor, II
it is humor, must le ineffective. The
Populists have seen the Democratic party
stealing their thunder. What Is more,
they have seen the Democratic Presi-
dent and Congress trying to deceive
and hoodwink n distressed people with
fraudulent tariff. As against the
Democrats that support the income tax the
Populists have a fair argument. The Pop
ulists don't care much about the tariff,
and they care great deal about the
income tax. Judged by the record, the feel
ing Of the Democrats in the Fifty-third Con-
gress is the same. A Republican Popiilist
tariff, with no Democratic principle In II,
was good enough for them The Democrats
have gone over to the Populists, not the
Populsts to the Democrats.
OF course, Speaker CRISP knows his audi
ences, and his popularity in Georgia com
mands respectful hearing for anything he
says. Still, there are some subjects that
even the most skilful and popular Demo
cratic orator must find tcklish. Stealing
principles and deceiving the people are two
of those subjects.
The sun., 1894-09-20
Pech's Queer WIN.
From the Chicago Daily Ser,.

IRON The chicago DuiID Ners.
James Pech's last will and testament, hur-
redly scrawle6 with n lead pencil on a torn
sheet OF grOcer's paper moment before he flung
himself from the top of u lumber pile into the
stagnart depths OF the Chicago River yesterday,
will be only partly carried out The reason Is
because his friends say the document affords
conclusive proof that the man was insane when
he wrote II. This is n copy of the paper which
the officials in the Coroner's Office say ia one
of the stranGest documents OF the kind ever
pcnned:
Last will and testament OF James Pech:
bid gOOd-by To all my bohemian and Polish
friends in Chicago. | bear i'll will toward none.
To my father In the old country leave the sum
OF 5000 and 10 my bride that was to be leave
the same amount. | want n lot which own 10
be sold. aud the proceeds expended in giving me
the finest burial possible. I want a fine coffin.
My body must be taken TO a Roman Catholic
church, and services held. After am buried
want my grave decorated with lanterns and
candles. want littlr girls to come and dance
and sing on the top Of il. Let there be "A band OF
music and beer. Iwant a headstOne that must
cost $500. Have my last wishes carried out"
The sun., 1894-09-20
THE INCOME TIX.
Another PoInt AEaIA-, It's -Cou.tltutIOn~mty.

Trom M PhGddslphid Press
In your editorial Of the 18th Inst. you have
toned what seems to me the principal constitutional
objection 10 the present income law. IL IL true
that the Supreme Court, In the two income tax
you mention did decide that income tax sowing
out Of the emergencies OF the not direct
tax and therefore Congress was not bound 20 levy Il
by SppoFtonment among the several States according
60 their population hut Ia reaching this conclusion the
Supreme Court declared In both that it not
a direct tax, but tax IN the nature OF excise
duty. This declaratiOn At once opened the door 10
another constitutional objection, which cur!ously
enough. does not have beon brought 90 the at
enton OF the court Another clause OF the CUnstitu
lion requires that all duties, mPostS and excuses
shall be uniform throughout the United States"
The present income taE law proposes 20 exempt all
Incomes under 1000 and taxes thoss over IT, Al the
time where the income OF less than - 900 Is de
rived entirely from corporate investments there s no
exemption whatever, Hs the corporation Is bound 20
pay the tax ts "tire net earnings thus decreasing
by the tax the dividend OF the Investor. All building
aud loaB associations, mutual insurance companies.
and various other corporations and associations are
entirely exempt from Its provisions Can a Law
with all These determinations he said 70 be uni
form throughout the United states"
PHLADELPaIA, sept IS, 1894. WILLIAM C. HASNis-
The sun., 1894-09-20

The admirable movement for building
coed country roads which has of late years been
started in many States is now conspicuously
active in various parts of the commonwealth
over which Governor ,WERTs presides
The decisive impetus to II was given through
the passage Of a law by the New Jersey Legisla-
ture, about two years ago, furnishing State aid
in the construction Of county roads. Under It's
operation scores OF fine macadamized OF gravel
highways have taken the place Of wretched
sandy or boggy thoroughfares. People along
some parts OF the coast who have been accus-
toned to these latter makeshifts now enjoy,
here and there, patches OF thoroughly hard
roads, fit TO drive on. A like experience has
been found in parts of ths interior OF the state,
while other improvements have resulted from
the stimulus given 10 improvements carried out
under the old county laws.
The new provision for putting a share OF the
read building on the state has led 20 some liti-
CATION, in various ways, but II seems to be gain
ing in popular favor as its results are seen.
Good roads are a great blessing to any people.
The sun., 1894-09-20
WE WORK WHILE THEY PLAY.
Uncle sam Mad TO DO All the Policing or
Hehring sea This Year,

PoRT TOWNSEND. WASH Sept l9.-The early
return OF the Behring Sea fleet will be hailed
with delight by every taxpayer when he learns
what an enormous outlay It requires while bear
ing no fruits The patrolling OF the through
the season against pelagic sealing has cost the
Government over 100000. while not single
legal seizure has been made. The only vessels
captured were the Victoria sealers Wanderer
and Favoritc. both Of which have since been
discharged. The sealcrs' raids have been terri
BILE. and every vessel returning has had her hold
full OF skins The American fleet has been
doing all the work this season as 1t has in the
past, Great Britain having but one vessel in the
sea, while the United states had nine. IL pri-
tary Herbert has beer ad vised how this nation
Is being imposed upon, and has expressed the
determination next season To send only the same
number of revenue cutters as the British do.
Our naval officers dcnouncc the apathy OF our
cousins. and say they put In their time fishing
and hunting, leaving the entire patrol work 10
be done by Americans.
The sun., 1894-09-20

lishmen have TO expend about 25 per cent.
more money for the same quantity and
quality. This difference might be taken for
granted: food Of course, Is cheaper in the
United States, because 1t Is produced
here and is exported TO England.
AS for drink, the tax on whiskey
is nearly six times greater in Brit
ain, and that on beer almost twice
as great. Tobacco, which also may be in
cluded in subsistence, pays n tax fourteen
times greater in England than 1t does in
this country. Tea and coffee, free to the
American, are taxed in Great Britain. tits
only sugar which free in England, will he
taxed under the GoRMAN act 80 as slightly
to increase the cost per pound The next
important item in the expenditure of
wage earner's household is rent. This is
undoubtedly lower by about one-third in
Great Britain. The difference, however, is
to some extent compensated by the fact
that, whereas the skilled British workman
is content with two rooms, an American in
sists upon having three or four. The
third subject of disbursement Is cloth
ing, which, as the Massachusetts, Bureau OF
Labor Statistics computes, represents seven
per cent of wage earner's outgo in the
United States, and exactly the same percent
age in England. This need surprise no one
who reflects that everything worn by wage
earners, whether made ofwoollen or cotton
cloth or of leather, is manufactured on this
side Of the Atlantic. On the fourth indis-
pensable object of outlay, fuel, experts find
that American and British workingmen
spend exactly the same percentage Of their
incomes, namely six per cent, the greater
cheapness of the combustibe in the United
States being offset by the fact that more of
it is needed, owing to the severcr cold
The outcome of this detailed comparison
is that by reason of the greater cost of sub
sistence an English workingman pays
about ten per cent. more than the American
for the necessaries of life. 1t is true that,
since the Massachusetts report was com
piled wages which then were almost twice
as high in the United States have fallen in
this country some ten per cent. upon an
average; but their purchasing power has
more than correspondingly increased, for
nowhere in the world have the prices of
food and clothing declined so fast and
so far as they have in the United
States during the last sixteen months 1t
artisan can live, upon the whole more
cheaply than his English confrere, provided
he is content to live the same kind of life.
AS a rule, however, he is not content, and
here we come to a second cause of the con
fusion of ideas on this matter which ex-
lists in England II we except the Hun
garan. Slav, Italian, and Polish or
Russian jew emigrants, workmen in
the United States spend much more
than they would in England. They earn
enough to provide themselves with what
elsewhere would be deemed luxuries, and
they habitually indulge in them. But the
circumstance that they choose to live in
different manner from that customarily
adopted by artisans in England, does not
alter the fact that, for those similar things
which are absolutely necessary, the cost
viewed collectively, is considerably less in
the United States.
The sun., 1894-09-20
rHE ErroLoer OF THE PLAGUE.
ResuIts or ths staay ard Research OF Prof
Kttssnto OF Japan.

wAsntNGToN, Sept. iO.-One of the most curl
ous of Japanese progress lately noted
is the presence in the weekly abstract Of sant-
itary reports issued by the Marine Hospital Ser
vice Of an elaborate report relative to the plague
in China by Prof =. Kitasato, who was sent 10
Hong Kong by the japanese Government to
study the etiology Of the plague by modern
methods. Dr. Kitasato, with great courage and
the most careful minuteness OF research, mp
pears to have studied the characteristics of the
bubonic plague In the most satisfactory man
ner. and he has clearly established by bacterio-
logical observations that the disease owes Its
origin to n bacillus the presence ofwhich can be
detected in the blood. in the glandular dwellings,
and in the spleen and other internal organs of
the victims In the course OF his researches he
drew blood from the finger tips of dying victims,
and examined IL under the microscopes. lie par
tieipeted in many post-mortem eSaninaf2ns, ,,T
tions Of the bacilIi thus obtained
One singular result OF his INVESTIGATION Is an
explanation of the hitherto scarcely credited
statement which has come down to iis from the
days of Daniel Defoc and his diary Of the
peculiar character mice and rats emerge from
their holes and drop dead. This was supposed
TO be the result of some miasmatic fever accom-
panying the plague. DR. Ki,asalo gathered up
quantities OF dust from the floors of the injected
houses in Hong Kong and administered that dust
to rats and mice. In nearly every case the result
was fatal. Some of the animals died from
tctanus. others with distinct plague symptoms;
organs in those of the plague patients who
had suCcumhed.
DR. Kitaaato describes the bacilli as re-
sembling in some respects the bacilli Of chicken
cholera. They look Ike rods with rounded ends,
and nre readily stained by the ordinary aniline
dyes so as 10 be susceptible OF careful obServa-
tion. DIR. Kitasato experimental with mice,
rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, and pigeons. all OF
which, except the pigeons, which seemed to be
exempt from the poison, died IN from two TO
nye days after being inoona,ted with the
resembling those VI the human victims OF the
disease.
The prevpntiyes which this distinguished
japanese expert recommends to be employed
against the plague are the ordinary precautions
OF attention TO general hygiene, good drainage.
perfect water supply. and. above all, clean
Illness in dwelling houses and OF the person;
isolation of the sick after the disease breaks out
and dlsinfection by carbolic acid and quick lime.
The sun., 1894-09-20
COST OF 1RE INSANE.
Testimony thst the Ctty's Expenditures Are
Greater n Proportion Than the states.

Testimony that the Ctty's xpenditurcs Are
Greater n Proportion Than the States.
The state Commissioners in Lunacy continued
yesterday their investigation Of the. city's asy-
lums for the insane. President Porter OF the
Department Of Charities and Correction testified
that the city paid in salaries TO attendants for
the insane s26O,000 year; for supplies,
$3.50. 900. and for repairs, $4,000. The State
allowed 1913 week per capita for the main
tenance Of the insane, while the city's allowance
was only s2.T5. The figures, nevertheless,
seemed to show that the city would save from
100000 to 100000 year II the state had
charge Of the city's insane. President Porter
would not admit. however, that any advantage
would be derived from the transfer OF the city's
insane TO the care Of the state.
Commissioner Charles f. simmons followed
President Porter as a witness and differed from
him in asserting to the opinion that separate
department to take care of the insane would be
advantageous. In answer To further question:
ing, the witness said that he devoted about two
hours day TO his duties as Commissioner OF
Charities and Correction except during the sum
mer months and on Saturdays. He rarely visited
any of the institutions except when complaint
was made. These occasions have been very rare.
Superintendent Blake OF the Department Of
Charities and Correction testified that patients
were rarely transferred from city to state asy-
lnms. Sometime sthis was done because the re-
lations were able to pay q small amount OF money
for the maintenance Of the patient, but not suffi
cient to keep them in n private asylum. In
these cases patients were sent to the State
asylums because the State has facilities for col
lecting the money.
In this city there is no one to collect this money
and no provision is made for such patients. Mr..
Blake said he was not now interested in any
private insane asylum, but had been interested
In the Amityville IL. ~ Asylum. His reason for
giving up his connection with tho institution
was that President Porter suggested the ad-
visibility of such n step. He could not tell what
prompted the suggestion and thought 1t rather
unjust at the time. He was positive that II was
not made because too many patients had been
sent to that asylum and that the fact might
cause comment. Not very many patients were
sent there. he said.
The hearing will he continued.
The sun., 1894-09-20

The Democrats will probably nominate f. c.
TO succeed must put up the strongest possible ticket
Hartford Couruht.
II the Connecticut Democrats nominate Mr..
BENEDICT, and the Administration is somewhat
bound, morally, to have that done, the Republi-
will be forced into practical walkover
This Mr.. BENEDICT. according to Mr. CLEvE-
LANDS theory OF trusts, Is a very pernicious
person. lie Is a glaringly and successfully
plundering member of the Community Of
Pclf." Mr.. CLEvELAND's own and latest charac-
terization Of trusts. In moments when personal
friendship Is supreme, Mr.. CLEVELAND goes
yachting with BENEDICT and partakes OF the
pelf; but in moments OF true Roman grandeur.
Mr.. CLEVELAND thinks BENEDICT should be In
jnil. As the laws Of this sane and Democratic
land won't allow that. Mr.. CLEVELAND
would he bound TO visit his friend with the best
punishment he could find. and that would be
nomination for Connecticut's Governor, and
then a defeat that would make him conclude
that MIR. CLEvELAND's denunciation OF trusts
and gross and senseless abuse Of reputable and
honOred citizens, including this same Mr.. BESE-
DICT himself. was not, To his own mind, sheer
buncOmbe after all.
The sun., 1894-09-20

The Hon. LEVI p. MORTON, to whom the
Republican National Convention OF 1892 In
Minneapolis denied II denomination for the Of
fec of vice-President, the duties Of which he
had, with wisdom, Judgment, and discretion,
most honorably and ably and acceptably per-
formed, was put at the head OF the Republican
state ticket In Saratoga on Tuesday night for
the office Of Governor of New York. Turned
down at Minneapolis, lie turns up at Saratoga.
For the office of Lieutenant Governor, the Re-
publicans put In nomination on Tuesday Mr..
CHARLES T. SAxToN, the author OF the existing
cncumbrance To honest suffrage and free ex-
ercise OF tho electoral franchise. the SAxToN
ballot law: and those persons who have suffered
under its pcrplexities will have, in every poll
ing place within the State this year. an oppor-
tunity of recording their opinion of the cham
pion and contriver OF that device. 1t is an op-
portunity long coveted and easily embraced as
the fat boy remarked OF the thin girl in the
nursery rhyme.
For Judge OF the Court OF Appeals. the Re-
publicans have nominated the Hon. ALBERT
HAIaHr OF Buffalo. who was their unsuccessful
candidate for the same office in 1889, when he
was beaten by a majority of $4,000. In New
York city the majority against him was 85, 900. In
Kings $500. in Albany 5000. and in Renssel-
aer 5000. The successful Democratic compet-
itor OF Judge HAIGHT on that occasion was the
Hon. DENIS O'BRIEN. against whom loud out
cry was made on what would now be described
as "A. =. A." grounds. II proved unavailng.
as all such unjustiiable and un-American cru
sades must prove In the Empire State OF New
York. now and hereafter.
The Democrats in Saratoga next Tuesday will
put up ticket with no turned-down man, and no
past-defeated candidate upon It,
The sun., 1894-09-20
Erom thr AIbanv Erpress


Have you ever been hypnOtzed In a dry
goods store y asked woman. mean, have
you ever been waited on by clerks who abso-
lutely force you 10 buy what you do not want
Let me tell you what happened 10 me the other
morning.
II went into a store to buy a gown, and In a
certlins store one Of those horrible hypnotic
clerks hxed nIe with his glittering eye and posi-
lively controlled my purchase. lie mesmerized
me into letting him cut mt OFT gown pat
tern that did no. want; IL did not suit
| stood spellbounG and allowed the scis-
sOrs 20 seal my doom. casi boy was then
called 10 carry the purchase to the lining cOun-
ter. On the way over there | emerged from my
hvpnOtiled condition and had my revenge.
What do you think ! did | turned a corner
scurried through crowds of other victims, got
out side door, and went about my business.
No one In the store knew me, and have felt bet
ter ever since. II the hypnotic clerk had trouble
with the proprietor about that gown, 50 much
the better. II will teach him not Ia exercise his
mesmerlc powers over helpless women"
The sun., 1894-09-20

The "MaXims for Preachers which that
eminent Jewish divine Rabbi ISAAC NJ. WISE
has put in print for their service are hard. Here
are three of them: IF you have nothing TO say,
say nothing. When you are done. stop. DO not
speak nonsense in the pulpit" In laying down
these terrifying maxims the rabbi assumes
that there are preachers who violate them. This
again. looks rather rough, though for all we
know 1t may be true. We arc told by philoso-
pher who ought to know that II they were
strictly enforced in all the pulpits Of New York.
Christian and Jewish, many OF our preachers
would go on strike.