The Pioche weekly record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1877-1900, 1894-04-12
Hints That May Prove Of Benefit tt
Our NeIghbOrS,
Articles Of Uitoubed Worth 10 The Farmer Collected
From Reliable Sources
TOMATO BLIGHT.


scope but nothing abnormal was dls-
covered. Species of bacteria taken from
the diseased parts and grown in cultures
failed to induce disease in the plant by
incubation. In making other cultures
small mods were produced which upon
closer examination were found to cause
the disease. After discovering the cause
more than eight huRdred tests were
made. The results have been carefully
tabulated and show just what conditions
are most favorable to the development
of blight. Under the ordinary condi-
tons blight
CANNOT BE SEEN EVEN WITH A MICRO
SCOPE
But by using piCrO- carmine as a stain,
the fine thrcadlike fiaments (mycelia)
may be seen permeating the tissue of
the host. The greater amount of growth
is usually in the cells OF the cambium
layer and soft adjoining tissue. Another
way Of proving the presence OF blight is
to take portion Of the suspected plant
and place it in moist chamber. If the
temperature is kept at 500 to 90 f. at
the end OF rs hours quite a growth will
appear. Before the cause of the blight
was known many tests of different fun
gicides were made. They were applied
in the usual way, i.e., they were sprayed
thoroughly over the foliage of the tomato
plants. All proved equally fruitless
either to prevent or to check the disease.
A. A. Smith, of Lawtey, Fla, reports
interesting results from the treatment
with Bordeaux mixture. At the re-
quests Of tomato growers
THE DISEASED FIELDS WERE VISITED
And the disease studied in the field. In
most cases the work OF destruction had
been done, and nothing was left 10 do
but to record the fact. After some DELAY
field was found at Grand Island which
was suitable for work in this line. 1t
was field OF late planted tomatoes and
the owner willingly consented to give it
over for treatment. The field was
divided into eighteen plats. Twelve
were treated, and six alternating with
the treated plats We're left untouched, as
checks. By careful estimate it was
found that ga per cent of the plants
were blghted before being treated. The
twelve plats were sprayed on June LIST
and 2nd and the field was not visited
again until June 2Sth. Careful notes
were then taken and compared with
those taken at time OF spraying. The
plats left as checks showed an average
increase of blight of 1872 per cent. In
the first plat, the vines below the fruit
and the ground about six inches on all
sides of the plants were sprayed thor
oughly with Bordeaux mixture, using
ABOUT A PINT TO EACH PLANT.
On this plat the number OF blghted
plants was 4 , per cent greater than at
the time OF spraying. The next plant
sprayed had simply received the usual
attention, the mixture having been dis
tributed over the foliage, no extra pains
being taken to have it reach the vines.
Most of it remained on the leaves or fell
to the ground at some distance from the
roots. Examination showed that on
this plat the increase of blighted plants
was IL per cent or 223 per cent greater
| than the average of the untreated plants.
The same amount of the mixture was
applied to each plant as in the first plat
-Four pats were treated with ammoniacal
solution of copper carbonate. In two of
these the stems and ground were satur-
ated, pint OF the fungcide to each
plant being used in one plat and a
quart in the other. In the former the
increase OF blight was s per cent and in
the latter but 2 per cent. The other
two plats were sprayed in the usual way
and in those so treated
THE BLIGHT INCREASED IA PER CENT,
Or slightly more than in the untreated
spots. A mixture OF copper carbonate
and ammonium carbonate made bv dis.
solving 3 ounces of the former in quart
OF water and pound of the latter in ;
quarts of hot water, mixing the two
and diluting to so gallons, was also tried
This preparation when applied to the
stems and roots OF the plants was more
effective in checking the blight than the
others. One plat was treated with Ear
! Celeste, the stems and the roots beinl
sprayed. The preparation was made by
dissolving 2pounds OF copper sulphatt
In gallon OF water, and adding 3 pints
OF ammonia water, the whole beine
diluted to 80 gallons. The blight cid MOI
increase at all while in the untr eateC
plat, the increase was IA per cent. One
IN which the leaves were sprayed with
Eau Celeste showed an increase Of II
per cent. A number of other com
pounds were tried but on account O
their expensiveness and inetliciency
their use is not deemed practicable. The
experiments show that while plants at
tackled with blight cannot be freed o.
the disease its increase can at least be
checked. They also show that it is
simply useless to attempt to rid tomatoes
OF the blight by spraying the leaves
only.-Orange Judd Farmer.
TRAINING THE HORSE TO OBEY
THE VOICE.
Thpra a ra ,,,,,,,. Al Il . l. 1 1