The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1894-06-08
FOR THE FARMERS.
csnruL INFORMATION CONCERNING
THE FARM.
esssatinls Of saccessfal DairyinE,
the DairyMa the Dalry Cow, Care
% the Cows and HaAAling the
Product 81 the DairI.


the DairyMan, the Dalry Cow, Care
Product 81 the DalrH.
~
The most important requisites to the
successful dairy are the following:
/. The dairyman.
I consider the. man stands ut the
head Of the list, for II he Is qualified to
make dairying 4 succesA he, will see
that the other necessary things are not
wanting. He should hive good bust
ness education, be. Of a careful. meth
odical habit, with determination to
do everything Pertaining to the work
to the best Of his ability. He should
be not only able, but thoroughly in
earnest, and should appreciate the cows
that are under his charge. 1t would
be very unwise to place the sensitive,
high-bred Jersey or Guernsey COW in
the hands Of the average dairyman, be-
cause under the care he would be will
Ing to give her she would soon become
very poor investment to him. Until
one sees clearly the necessity of kind
ness, good, warm stabling, pure drink
Ing water. either given ner often when
stabbed, or arranged so she can help
herself, knowledge Of good feeding IA
tons, cleanliness in every particular,
and Ii willing to devote time to weigh
Ing and testing the milk of his cows,
It would be better for him to Keep
bis scrub cows and do scrub dairyirg.
lie successful dairyman of to-day
u very different man from the dairy
man OF the past. He must take good
derry papers, read them carefully aud
follow their teachings until he Mt last
proves them false. If this were done,
instead Of an average Of 100 pounds
OF butter or 5000 pounds of rliik each
COW could easily make from $50 to 300
pounds of butter, or 5000 to 1000
pounds Of milk. The writer knows this
from practical experience, and believes
dairy writer's should teach, first, better
bred dairymen, and that it takes a gen.
tleman to handle dairy of cows sue
cessfully.
2. The dairy COW. Since 1t was found
In the test ut Chicago last season that
the COW giving the richest milk FAC
cOrding to the BabcOck test" and most
Of 1t, made the most butter, cheese. and
the greatest net profit, keep only those
cows which give good quantity of
rich milk In butter fat. Whatever the
breed, look well to the form of the
COW. See that she has the wedge
shape. fine, SLIM neck aud head. soft,
silken hair, large uddcr, tcats well
spread and large, crooked milk veins.
These, with q good constitution und
capacity Tor large amounts Of rich food,
are very important, but above all look
well to her ancestry, for unless She
comes Of family Of large milk givcrs.
giving milk rich in fat, and having
power to transmit those qualities to
her offspring, she will disappoint you.
II you have not such cows, and are
unable to get them, select your best
native cows for the foundation of your
dairy. Now breed them ~ a full
llootied Jersey or Guernsey bull, COM
Ing Of family having the qualities
noted above, and y record of not less
than 800 pounds Of butter, and your
heifer calves should he something to
be proud of. Breed them right back
to their sire, and you will SOON have
dairy that, with proper care, will be
among the best.
3. Care Of the COWS. Cultivate the
acquaintance Of yOuc cows, fonlle
them, teach them to regard YOU us
their best friend. When 1 cross the
pasture where my cows are kept in the
summer time, they all crowd around
me and seem disappointed IL 1 do not
stop and give them each caress. This
surely shows that they love kindness.
And rest assured that 1t will pay. In
making the change from the barn to
the pasture great care should be used.
10 not De In too great hurry about
getting the COWS out to grass. Wait
until the grass gets fair start and
the ground gets warmed up, SO that
the cows will not be chilled when
lying down. believe that is the cause
OF most cases Of garget. Keep uD the
grain ration for some time, reducing
gradually US the grass improves, ind
the cows will not have that glunt look
20 often seen Mt this time It will nav
to place some bran In each cows man
ger before stabllng them for milking,
as they will be on hand, thus saving
time driving them up ut night. As soon
as the grass begins to fail, have some
early sweet corn or peas aud oats
ready to give to keep up the flow Of
milk. Keep salt always In their reach,
Provide an abundance of pure water,
piping It into the stable for winter u.s.,
II possible. II butter making be fol
lowed, make winter butter, for with
cows well taken care of and with such
0 nan rs have described In charge.
It will pay the best. Have your cows
fresh In milk in the fall, being very
careful us soon as the nights become
chilly to stable them, also through any
cold rains, for cold cows and success
do not go together. Have a silO if
possible; IL not, then secure an album
lance Of corn fodder, well cured. with
some roots, and a good supply of bran,
OIL meal, corn meal and ground oats.
These, with good early cut clover hay,
will provide good range Of rich milk
producing food. Now with warm,
well lighted and properly ventilated
stable, with absorbents to save all the
manure, both liquid and solid, you
are ready to feed your cows for profit.
Feed literally, but not blindly. Weigh
and compound balanced ration, which
you can learn to do from your dairy
papers. Note the capacity Of each COW
and feed accordingly, as some will be
found able to pay for better feeding
than others. In order to know this,
weigh each cows product, then, know
Ing what the feed costs, 1t is Il very
easy matter to know whether you are
feeding at Il profit or loss know
this is some trouble, but it is the only
sure way. have weighed each cows
milk for the pnst year, recording the
same in book kept for the purpose.
So much for quantity Of milk. Now
test the milk by the Babcock test Il
number Of times, in order to know the
quality each COW gives. Don't depend
IN the amount Of butter you may obtain
from certain amount of milk, for
you may lose considerable butter fat
In Dreaming and churning. and SO con-
denim the COW wrongfully. If, after
o fair trial, you find you have cows
that do not pay, sell them, and the
sooner the better. Keep your cows in
the barn every night after 1t begins to
get chilly, and aS soon as frost kills the
grass keep them In all the time unless
there Is a warm, sunshiny day, when
they can be let out for an hour ut least
without harm.
Now, don't listen to some easygOing,
careless dairyman about this, but fol-
low the teachings Of the successful
dairyman of to-day, and you will be
surprised ut how little exercise your
cows need II properly taken care OF
otherwise. Keep the stables clean
and tho COWS well betlded, card them
every day and do not allow a particle
Of manure left ON them. Milk them mt
regular times, having each mixer milk