The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-04-21
REMAIN SPOKE PLAINLY.
,rs orFrtIAL CORRESPONDENCE BE-
TWEEN HIH AND IA CANA.

TWEEN M" aND - UANAs
-. A-,rlosu As-,rsi lsft Ne Rss- fer
no.st 30 to New ne wsuis R.ss-t I.-
,.,or.ue. with ~. R,shss 81 A-sr,s..s
.,s Am.ries. shipp,ss .t Rie-Ms.s-
,r,, that Brough, De asns to Tius.
P.,r Admiral A. E. K. Bsnhsu,. who until
Inril 10 was Admiral commanding the United
s,stss naval force on the south Atlantic, yes
,.rdsy gave TIE Sun the following corrs-
.,ondencs which pssfed between him and
,hs brazilian rebel Admiral Ds CANA In
IN. harbor OF Rio de Jsneiro In January and
February: ,,.
RS FLAGSHIP BAN Francisco, ID RATE
no pE JASLIRo. Brazil. Jan. -. 1894. !
Sic: herewith enclose copy Of . commu-
rtcation received this morning from the mas
Tar OF the American bark Julia Rollins. COM
planning that while peaeeably proceeding to
An anchorage near Gomboa she Was fired
upop first from Cobrss Island and sfterward
from the msn-oi-wsr Trsjano.
From this action on your part infer that
YOU have established a blockade over por-
ton Of the city water 'front.' Your right to
establish a blockade Of the whole or any por-
ton Of the harbor OF Rio de Jsnsiro 10 not
conceded, and no such blockade will be re-
enecteu. - pVhikohehS hShts hsNo hOt Veoh
accorded you.
In orderto avoid the necessity Of my convoy
ing and iorcibly protecting American vessels
IN their movements to any part Of the harbor.
thrust you will give imm ediate orders direct
ing the discontinuance OF all annoyanees Of
this character. and that American vessels
shall not be molsstsd In any manner whatever.
Very respectfully A. L X. BENHAM.
Rear Admiral. United States Navy. command
ing United states naval force on South At
lantic station.
To Admiral saldanha Da Cana. Hsrbor OF
lilo do Janeiro. Brazil
From the Comm an er-in- Chief OF the naval
forces Of the revolution against the Govern
ment OF Marshal Eorians Psixoto In the Port
Of lilo de Jansiro. on board the cruiser Liber-
dsde. in the Port Of lilo de Janeiro. the 18th Of
January. 1894:
10 N. Erc-i.-ey, Admire, 4 e. X B.-han. o-wand.r-
b.CTiI f ne Nivh Jsros Of he Uattsd States Of NortA
IN ne soulA Aiaaiie:
lhave the honor to acknowledge the receipt
Of the letter which your Excellsncy directed
to me under date OF yesterday referring to the
Incident OF the American bark Julia Rollins.
which was proceeding to anchorage In the
blight OF Gambo which was authorized By the
fortress Of santa Cruz In the service Of Marshal
Floriana Peixoto. and which was opposed By
tho fortress Of the island OF Cobras. and also
By the corvette OF war lrajano Of the rsvolu-
tionary forces under my command.
BY the simple statement Of these facts It 10
"a; sh. . 1;.s. ,oSs ts%
but simply from police measure s, made secI
could not. neither can your Excellsney I'm.
sgine offence to the American flag in an act
which does not express aggression ana does
which approaches what 10 the entrance OF q
dangerous zone for her welfare and her safety.
:v.n aSS Ss Ss n ~: .on nI:
In the waters OF this port the revolutionary
hss e.
ests OF lawful foreign commerce..
truly ". endssUSr to prevent en-, foreign ,hip.
our p' sdVsntsss. Tor With this i has Nothing
Your Excslency makes special mention OF
the fact that the revolutionists not being rec
ofths squadron under my command to exsr-
else the least control over the foreign mSr-
sa ad under ny scn,ma an d hay. never pro-
posed TO go beyond the matters which tend TO
Il Sa. Sndsrssf.n . snd this iss,i%ss. dsi.nc.
constitutes . natural right which overrides
the provisions Of sonyentionai law; Communi-
ties as well as individuals cannot for exam pie.
suffer passively that in preference to thsm-
selves others should be able to obtain mercan-
arms OF their adversaTies.
There is no written conventional law which
can b. opposed to the exercise OF this lsgiti-
q. noticed that your E.esllsney represents
that you are mot not TO as
fully against the Goysrnmsnt not legal. but
de facto. which oppIessss Brazil. This was
SENTATIVE Of tina that great nation which Keeps
itself impartial In the presence OF . civil strug-
gle whose Justice and causes your EIcellsnoy
The condition Of the struggle which the Bra
Ave- M ohtRs Constitutes a new case In history.
1t 10 natural. then. that hence should come
many facts also new In relation 70 foreign
Beii.vinx that your Exesllsnsy will accept
SSposunisy 70 ASSURE your EnSelsnSs q my
esteem and consideration
LUR PHILIPPE DE SALDANHA DA CANA.
[Copyl
US. FLAGSHIP BAN FRA ScIsoo. % RATE.
Sin: have to seknowisdss the receipt Of
your letter OF this date replying TO the com
uunication which had the honor to address
lam VERY glad to learn that there 10 NO IN.
over any portion OF the hArbor. but the method
taken TO warn vessels is very Questionable. In
ssry. as the Vessel WAS Proceeding and intend.
ed TO 20 beyond the so-ealled danger Zons and
showed no intention of anchoring within its
II is to be hoped that hereafter should 1t be
nseessary to warn an American vessel that she
10 within danger zone the notification will be
conveyed by boat
IN your letter the ground IL taken that your
legitimate dsfencs constitutes q natural right
which oysrrides the provisions OF = eonysn-
tOngl law. hermit me 10 dissent from this
opinion in so FAR IS 1t Is intended to assert
rights over the vessels or other property OF
neutrals within the limits OF this haTbor can
see nothing SO novel In the situation here that
the well-Tecognizsd principles OF internati onsl
law dc not cover II. With great respect. am.
A. T.. h. BENHAM.
Rear Admiral U. s. Navy. Commanding U. 8
naval force on south Atlantic station.
- To Admiral SALDASHA DA CANA. harbor OF
Rio de Janeiro.
lCopy.l
L, r FLAGSHIP SAN FRANCISCO. % RATE.
RIo DE- JASEEIo. Brazil. Jan. "a. 1894
Dir; have tho honor to enclose herewith
soET OF a letter which ! received Yesterday
from the master OF the Am sriean bark Agate;
There Is no doubt that the vessel was hred
vpos With Osll cartridges both from the island
OF Cobras and from the insurgent vessels Ira.
!aso and GuaTnRbsrA with the Intention OF
GtODpinu haF going a Al the wharf L