Pine Bluff daily graphic. (Pine Bluff, Ark.) 1893-1942, 1894-06-28

certain height in the well, which Is
known as the water line This line
may vary in wet or dry weather, or on
high or low ground, and in the same
locality water is sometimes found only
at surprising depths while near by it
may be found much nearer the surface.
But there are localities in almost every
country where perforation down the
rocks is followed by an OVERLOOKING
fountain of water, sometimes. as ia
some portions of the west, with force
enough to operate machinery.
This outflow can only be accomplished
by some kind of pressure. There is
generally higher head that is, the
source of supply has some higher alti-
tude, and, while this may be miles
away, the water has found material or
fayoring ereyiees under more COM
pact stratum TO serve as conduits, and
when this compact cover is penetrated,
the water will rise TO height CORE
spending with its source and with
force, light or heavy, corresponding
with its pressure. Such is the usual
kind, but there are also others nat
ural gas pressure may at some point be
eXerted against column of water,
which, when exit is furnished will
then gush forth Then. again, there
are evidences of a sufficient surface
pressure to force the water to and
over the surroundings when vent is
offered
The phenomenon of gushing forth is
sometimes encountered in unexpected
places. In the small town of North
Rima, ten miles south of Youngstown,
O., an ordinary well was dug some
years ago, and, at a depth of less than
thirty feet, stream was encountered
that filed the hole nearly as fast as the
one digger could be drawn up, the ever
flow issuing forth in fair-sized brook.
Alarm was taken. the excavation was
hsrriedly filed with stones and dirt,
and the 1ow was shut off. In the coun-
ty of Williams. in the northwest corner
of Ohio, flowing wells can be secured in
many localities by simply driving a
pipe, often to depth of only twenty
feet.
Hardin county, in the same state,
also has districts where the water will
overflow. and both the counties men
toned are rather fiat. A most remak-
able geyser was struck at Belle PLANE.
in the southwest corner of Benton
county. Iowa, some years ago, and
such was the volume of water
that shot forth and impeled with such
terrible force that engineers from Chi
cago were employed to devise method
to get it under control. All flowing oil
wells are such by reason of gas pres
sure, and, as the pressure diminishes,
the flow abates.
While no one may know in advance
just where an artesian flow may be
met with, it is not SO hard to determine
where such flow would be impossible.
Probably twenty years ago the com
missionersof Allen county, Ind, con
Guided to have.an artesian well in the
courthouse yard at Fort Wayne. Pole
tools were secured for drilling, and by
the most tedious method a hole was
made over three thousand feet deep
Water of most yillainous smell was
struck at depth of forty feet, and
was there all through the progress
of the work. and is still there
The remarkable feature of the case is
that the city mentioned is right ON the
divide between the great lakes and the
Mississippi basin, and hence called Sum
nit City
Yet here, with nothing higher for
thousands of miles in any direction, a
perforation was made three thousand
feet deep in the hope of securing an
outflow against every law known to
hydraulics For years the water was
scorned, having favor as of decayed
eggs, but at length, when an analysis
was made, it was declared on high au-
/ thority to possess extraordinary medical
virtues, and such was the pressure for
the once despised fluid that fountain,
operated by steam power, was estab-
lished to accommodate the public Ne
artesian wells can be possible in such
localities. Pittsburgh Dispatch.