davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
ron sALK-ooUNrRy PROPERTY.


IN0R SALE-CHEAPESr IRRIGABLE LAND
IL near Los Angeles; no water rates to pay.
Price less than half OF usual rates-160 acres
out OF the east 200 acres of Tejunga ranch, the
excepted 40 acres being in Sc. corner, hereto
fore sold to and improved by John Cox. Hlsva-
ton about 1900 feet above sea level; 10 miles
due north of Los Angeles Is miles by road
The soil is fine decomposed granite the south
and east parts especially choice; the northwest
is injured by rock. There is fine stream Of
water, deemed ample for the entire 300 acres,
piped out on and belonging to the 200 acres
alone, with reservoir on separate tract 100 feet
more elevated than the center of this tract
There is also included in this piece 80 acres of
land purchased of the railroad company many
years ago from which is diverted the water, the
title OF which water, however. has been here.
tofore perfected by appropriation. There Is a
good deal OF wood and some arabic land on
the 80 acres. The 200 acres is patented land,
being part OF the 400 acres OF rejunga ranch
grant Price, $40 per acre for the 100 acres,
being $l2 900 for the entire property, includ-
ing so acres reservoir, water pipes. water, etc
Terms. one-third cash; balance in one and two
years, per cent interest. Would accept Los
Angeles city property for one-hal. the purchase
price, or will sell the land separately in tracts
OF 20 or more acres, with 1-2u0 of the entire
water, water rights, water pipe and reservoir
Price, $50 per acre. Address, w. L. p. 20 box
565s Los Angeles. As If
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

DERSONALrTO COFFEE DRINKERS: THE
1 Triche Coffee company is ready for bust
ness Restaurants, hotels and everybody who
drinks coffee take notice that we are prepared
to furnish you the best coffee in the United
States for the same prices as you are paying
now for ordinary coffee One spoonful OF the
Triche coffee equals in strength and purity
two of the ordinary brands. You have never
drank good coffee until you have used the
great Triche coffee. Send in your orders TO SO
w. sixth st. , telephone 266. 3-ls u
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
DENTI~T y,

Observation-Disclosures
DR. L. W. WELLS, CORNER SPRING AND
~ First streets, Wilson block; take elevator.
Gold crown and bridge work a specially; teeth
extracted without pain. Room l. ma tt
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
HOTELS AND RESORTS.


HOTEL LILLE 534 S. HILL ST., MOST
/ / complete, attractive family and tourist
hotel in city Special rates made for summer.
New and handsomely furnished. Tel 1865.
4-22 limo
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
EDUCATIONAL.

W. OODBURY'S BUSINESS COLLEGE, 226 S.
w Spring St., the Oldest largest and finest
equipped commercial school in Southern Cali
fornia; o thorough course in the comme rcial
branches and banking superior and sue
cessful shorthand and typewriung department
and q practical English course; new college
rooms, perfectly lighted and ventilated cleo
trio elevator for pupils use; new furniture
and appliances: open oil the year; pupils re-
full information free G. A. Rough, presi-
dent; N. C. FELKER, vice-president A ly
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL FIRMS.

E R. BELJENGER. MANUFACTURER OF
IL. all kinds of art glass, in all shapes and
designs. 1l5 L. Second st.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

RE TIMES HARDY THEN DON'T PAY
N high prices. Read our cash price list:
Boiling beef sc, or q lbs Csc; rib steak 713e, or
round steak &C. or lbs Csc; fresh pork, loo;
salt pork 1Oc or 3 lbs 25c; leg OF mutton &c;
chop Zoe or 2 lbs 15c; stewng mutton Sc;
leaf lard, unrendered, Toe; same, rendered,
12c f. q. CHASE, 61S S. Spring st. 1-3O ly
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

Gcsn-EXCEPTIONA CHANCE; THE
DO)U very best investment ever offered for
the money; old established coal oil route; over
400 steady customers; three good hors and
TWO wagons; everything complete and N good
conditions pays net profit OF over 500
month clear and above all expenses; any one
can run this and make money books open for
thorough inspection. Apply to BEN WHITE,
22l W. First ST. o-l9 ii
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
MHcEtIU Ms.

MRS. PARKER, INDEPENDENT SLATE
WI writer and liie-reading clairvoyant; BUSH
ness, mineral locations, law suits, removals,
disease, love, marriage, etc. Take University
electric car to Forester ave-. go west to Vine
81. and Vermont ave, second house on Vine
ST., neXt door 10 kindergarten. $50 II
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
GLOVE FACTORY.
M IL DICIN Es,

MEXICAN CATARRH CURE, PREPARED
WI by William S. Hall, 1871 South Hill sire t;
cur $ all cases OF catarih; hundreds of testi-
monials; cured after 80 years standing.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
WINES AND LIoUOKs.

TURNER HALL SALOON UNDER NEW
Il Trrnverein hall, 3l7l2 s. Main st. Best
home brew on tap. fine restaurant in con
4-22-3m
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

NNEsMIN's FEMALE PILLS AS A SPECIFIC
wi monthly medicine for immediate relei
for painful and irregular menses-trom what
ever case. For sale by FREEMAN CAREER,
l02 n. Spring st. Price, So per box
A F. sLoPER, HOUSE MOVER. OFFICE
N. IL Center place. LID u
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
pArnN1.. NORTHUMBERLAND. hrn-

PATENTS, COPYRIG nTs, ETC.
- ,,if Sre MOI, !; E
Il tries obtained, bought and so d trade
marks copyrights, etc, by S. j. DAY d CO,
patent attorneys, rooms 232-233 Bradbury
building, Los Angeles. Established 1s49. LIST
HAZARD & TOWNSEND, RoOM0i, DoWNEY
4 4 block. Tel. 347. Los Angeles. 1l-2l-tf
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
HOSPITALS.

OYSTERS HOSPITAL, BEAUDRY AVENUE.
> Largest and most complete hospital in the
city spacious grounds, large rooms and supe-
rior attention. Tel No. 221
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

DERsoNAL RALPH BRos-GOLD BAR
i flour, S1.05; city flour, 75c; granulated
lbs rolled oats, 25c sardines, 3 boxes Zoe
tomstaes, 2 cans 15c; midland coffee, 25c Id;
eastern oil, Zoe; gasoline, 75c; 4 packages
starch, 25e; lard lob. can, zoe; lbs, 46c.
6O1 S Spring ST., corner Sixth.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
AGC0uSr ANyA

-,
A CCOUNTS EXAMINED, BOOKS OPENED,
~ posted and closed; statements and trial
balances prepared. Address Ii. IL. W, box so,
Herald. 81 I'm
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

~ H. BROWN, ARCHITECT, ROOMS 5l5,
VI DIG and 5I7 stimson building. 81
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

LnIPSEs OF AMERICA-READ THE
VI coupon offer today. Ii you avail yourself
OF the opportunity you can easily make $50
DR. SCtfLESINGER, THE NOTED MEDIUM
~ and healer, at l42la N. Main st. SIG ~
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
MUSICAL

I Os ANGELES CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC
l. and Arts; open all the year. MRS. EMILY
j. VALENTINE, president: Y. NJ c. A. building,
Broadway and Second SIS. STA 1y
DIANo TUNING-$2; REPAIRING; BEST
i references BLOOMFIELD, piano maker,
us J.. Pico ST. 5-i3 limo
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
ATTORR MYs.

ATTORNEYS.
TAY e. HUNTER, ATTORNEY-A T-LAW,
81 stimson block, rooms 4 z and 42e Tele.
phone 528. Practices in all the courts, state
ana federal. I'll II
HUNsAKER, GOODRICH q McCUTCHEN,
i L lawyers rooms DAB to 546 Bradbury blk,
9th floor, cor. Broadway & Third SITS. Tel. 1920
ID J. ADCOCK, ATTORNEY. SPECIAL AT.
He tenton given to the settlement OF estates.
1l5 w First street. 46tf
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

TINE SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES OF THE STATE
1 Loan and Trust company are enclosed in
fire-proof and burglar-proof vault, with time
alcoves attached for the private examination
of valuables, with writing materials; young
lady in attendance 81 u
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

DERsONAL = COFFEE, FRESH ROASTED
/ every day Java and Mocha, 35c ID. Noun
tain coffee, Zoe. & lbs Rolled Wheat, Oats, 25c. ;
Germea, zoe. $ lbs Corn Meal 15e. 3 cans
blackberries, zoe % Id brown sugar, II; lbs
Beans use; Pork, 91ac. Bacon, l212c 90 bars
Soap 81; Wood Pals, loci Brooms, loo
FC0NOMiC STORES 3O5 s. Spring.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

FNROBEL INSTITUTE CASA DE ROSAs
j. Adams street. corner Hoover Circulars
sent and al information given upon applica-
ton TO the principal, MRS CAROLYN NJ. en-.
CLANERIE. Casa de Rosas.
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
SPECIAL NOTICES.

rTHE COMPANIONS OF ANGELINA. CIR
l Gle No. log, C. of F., are requested to at
tend the funeral of our deceased companiont
Mrs Max Roth Wednesday afternoon at 2
O'clock from their residence, Fourteenth and
Main streets. Companions OF sister circles IN
yited 10 attend. MRS. Il. LANGBERG, e. q. IL
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

l. AND ENGLISH TRAINING SCHOOL.
Qncorporated), 144 South Main street.
Largest and best equipped business training
courses in the commercial, shorthand, type
writing telegraph, assaying and all English
branches. Large, able and mature faculty OF
instructors. bay and evening sessions. Terms
reasonable Call at Office or write for elegant
catalogue. L. f. SCHRADER, presdent;F w.
KELSEY, vice-president; l. l.. INsKEEP, sec
rotary. 9-16 1y
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22
CHIROPoDisr.
AkCiiIrB0rs

AEIss c. sTAFFER, CHIROPoDIsT AM
IVA massage. 2l1 w. First ST., opp Nadeau.
l9-24 II
The herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1893-1900, 1894-05-22

~ K. WILDER,
u. Corner Seventh and Main streets.
Telephone 1881. al tt
DRS. TOLHURST & KENNEDY, DENTISTS,
~ 1913 2 North Spring street, rooms 2, and
z. Painless extraction. $40 If
TNRANK STEVENS, 3241z SOUTH SPRING ST.
L Open Sundays and evenings; electric light.
DR ]. E. YOUNG, DENTIST, 221 S SPRING
1P St., Los Angeles 500 tt
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
Indians Tracking.

1t was most strange and interesting
experience to see the Indian read all the
signs of the different animals in the
grass or among the woods with the
same ease as we read an open book. The
least disarrangement in the grass or
sticks, however small, was enough.
Glanoing casually at it in passing, he
would say: "Bear-a week old" eyes
terday. 'Deer-this morning. Every
old" "Caribou-last month";" and SO
on. It was wonderful to behold this
instinct in man.
had for long time been following
this trail of the moose, which thought
was fresh trail, when 1 got sick Of it
and began to Cross examine Mr.. Big
Partridge as to how far off our quarry
was likely to be. Big Partridge then
showed that he was sick of the imag1-
nary moose hunt himself and owned up,
"Old trail; all moose nipoh'-that is,
dead. He had only been leading me
about in this way to amuse me, know
ing it useless the whole time. He ex-
acted 81. 50 for that days sport.
Blackwood's Magazine.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
A UNIQUE AFFIDAVIT.

The following affidavit was filed in
court of common pleas in Dublin in
1892: "And this deponent further saith
that, on arriving at the house Of the
said defendant, situate in the county Of
Galway aforesaid, for the purpose Of
personally serving him with the said
writ, he, the said deponent, knocked
there several times at the outer, COM
monty called the hall door, but could
not obtain admittance, whereupon this
deponent was proceeding to knock a
fourth time when man, to this depo-
nent unknown, holding in his hands a
musket, or blunderbuss, loaded with
balls or slugs, as this deponent has since
heard and verify believes, appeared at
one of the upper windows Of the said
house, and presenting said musket, or
blunderbuss, at this deponent, threaten
ed that if said deponent did not in
stantly retire he would send his (the de-
ponent's) soul to hell, which this de-
ponent verify believes he would have
done had not this deponent precipitate-
~ escaped. San Francisco Argonaut.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
Chemical Reaction.

A French chemist has lately made
some Investigations in field not hither-
to so thoroughly explored as many 9TH
era, and from them he draws the con-
olusion that chemical reaction cannot
occur between 1876 degrees and $50 de-
grees. Sulphuric acid and ammonia
will not react at 80 degrees, while at so
to IS degrees the action is sudden and
violent. Neither caustic soda nor caustic
potash can be made to unite with the
same acid below 1875 degrees G. nor
with carbonates below 80 degrees. With
the latter, brisk effervescence sets in
about 80 degrees. If nitric instead of
sulphuric acid is used in such expert
ments, the temperature where reaction
begins seems to be lowered in every
case-New York Sun.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
st. Murphy.

There is in one of the departments
in Washington an old maid whom
call st. Murphy, not because she is SO
saintlike in appearance, for my saint
has a jolly face, and in that woman.
whose hair is sprinkled with gray and
upon whose cheeks the roses of youth
have ceased to bloom, sec beauty
that leaves nothing to be desired.
She comes into the dining room 40
companied by little girl and boy. Ny
woman's Eye soon detects something a
little out of the usual. The children
look too young to lie hers. so make in
quiries and find that they are hers by
adoption. She found these children with
a dying mother, whom she made happy
by promising to care for them. How
faithfully she is keeping her promise!
She has taken them to her heart. They
show, as children always do. that they
have not only food and clothes, but love,
and plenty of it. Do you wonder that
call her saint? Here is that woman, at
the age when women soonest tire, going
daily to her work, no matter what the
weather, cold or rain, denying herself
that she may make these children COM
Portable. When see her in the evening,
weary from her days work, but her
dear old face beaming with love, I say
to myself, "There is woman who has
won heaven, and I am glad to have
known her. " and I murmur, "God bless
you, Miss Observation-Disclosures p.
Crabbe in Minneapolis Housekeeper.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
A DIVORCED WIFE SHOOTS.

A DIVORCED WIFE SHOOTS.
Clarence w. Clark Lying at the Point Of
Death.
PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 13.-The Even
ing Bulletin says: Clarence w. Clark,
one of the four worthy commercial men
of the Brotherhood of Locomotive En-
gineers and next in rank to Chief Ar
thur, is lying at the point Of death from
a pistol wound, inflicted by his divorced
wife. Clark was about to start from
New York to San Francisco to look
after the troubles on the Southern Pa
cific. His wife met him at the Grand
Central station and made threats, and
to elude her he went. to Jersey City to
take train, but the woman had fol-
lowed him and got ON the same train.
AS the train was stopping at Newark the
woman entered the Car, shot Clark and
then jumped off and disappeared.
Clark was carried on to Philadel-
phia and the bullet extracted from his
left lung, but he is in very precarious
condition.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
L0vers' Ink.

There are various kinds Of invisible
inks, but here is q method Of making
ink which can be wiped of a sheet Of
paper with a pocket handkerchief with.
out leaving a trace: Dissolve some
starch in water until it is as thick a.
cream. Then add to it a few drops Of
tnoture Of iodine, which will turn the
starch to q dark red color. Now take
pen and write with this prepared ink
upon a sheet Of note paper. The ink
will dry right away, after which you
may erase the whole Of your letter BY
simply wiping the sheet with a pocket
handkerchief. It will disappear a. east
ly as chalk from an ordinary black
board.-Bostou Post.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
FELL INTO MILLIONS.
Tho slip OF Hls Uoxse Resulted In tho1lde
Discovering Great Mine.

Tho slip Of His Hoxse Resulted In ths1lder
Discovering Great Mine.
One of the most productive mines in
California was discovered through an
accidental fall Of the disooverer. He
was ono Of a hunting party that had
gone out from San Francisco during the
Christmas holidays. While passing
along the side of steep hill on : mar.
row trail his horse suddenly slipped,
and with his rider went down into the
gulch. Ss
Happening to be the last in the line
and some distance behind the others, he
was not missed for some moments, but
when his absence was noticed the party
turned back to look for him, fearing
some untoward accident. BE was no.
where to be seen, but the place where
his horse had slipped and fallen over
the bank, together with the traces Of
the fall, was plainly visible. Following
the tracks made by the falling horse and
man, and when near the bottom, the
men suddenly came upon an interesting
spectacle. Just behind clump Of bushes
which the man and his steed had
crashed through on their way down
stood the horse, apparently uninjured,
while near by, on slab of rock pro-
jecting from the snow, the man was
capering like an Indian at ghost
dance. E
The first impression Of the rescuing
party was that the man had gone sud
denly crazy, but as he caught sight OF
them he suddenly ceased his gyrations
and shouted for them to approach. They
came, when he showed them several
Jumps of almost pure gold he had has
tily knocked from the edge with stone
for a hammer and announced his dis
covery of a gold mine. The sliding
horse had brought up against the ledge,
and the FESTIVE animal, kicking vigor-
ously in the efforts to rise, had struck
of the moss from the stone and dis
closed the fact that it was gold bear
ing ledge of unusual richness. The find
was appropriately named "The Christ
mas Gift" and valuable gift it proved
to be.-Chicago Times.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
A Cremation,

Mrs. Alice N. Lincoln thus describes
her feelings while watching crema-
ton: -
las we stood in silence watching the
rosy glow which played over the white
surface Of the retort feeling came to
~ Of awe certainly, but also Of peace
and rest. There was something 80 spir-
itual, 80 elevating in the absolute purity
Of the intense heat that it seemed to all
Of us who stood there far less appalling
than the blsokness Of an open grave. I"
Her Point Of View in New York
Times.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
THE LAZY FIRST BASEMAN.
He Was Favored by Rain Until the Manager
Drowned Him Out.

He Was Favored by Rain Until the Manager
Drowned Him Out.
The retired left fielder was telling the
story. ''Hank McGinnis," he said.
twas the greatest first baseman I ever
seen. He could play the bag outer sight
when he was q mind to, but he was the
LATEST man in ~ counties, and he
didn't play no ball when he could git
outen it. He was allays turnin up with
a spiked foot or split thumb or some
thin of the kind, an ginerally made out
to Law off more'n half the time. The
summer we were playin in the Western
league we struck manager who was
onto Hanks curves. He took him to
one side when the season begun an tol
him that he wouldn't stand no gratis.
He marked out to him that if he didn't
play every day he would git laid of an
lose his pay. Sore heels an thumbs was
barred
blank, bein lazier than ever that
year, was considerbul stirred up about
this. He didn't have no likin to play,
but he was hot after the long green, an
he KEEP playin along an kickin like q
bay steer all the time Finally he got q
couple of days lay off all went to see
his mother, so he said. He got back on
time an complained of being sick. but
the manager toll him t. git inter tn
game or lose 20 cold plunks, an he got
in. Mex day we couldn't play. There
was big rain. JUS before the time
t. call the game on the day after that
they was another big rain.
Gan it went on like this fer q straight
80 days. It would allays rain JUS be-
fore the game, whether we was home or
away. Hank he got fat loafin around
an was on first rate terms with hissef.
Finally the manager had to let out some
Of the men to reduce expense, an Hank
got the run. Then the rains stopped.
Now, what do you think that man done
SOS he could git his money without
workin? Seems he knew somethin about
rainmakin, an when he took that trip
home he got his chemicals together an
didn't do thing but make rain every
afternoon JUS before the game. Buff
falo Express.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
FIRST AND LAST.
Hone smiles y welcome, though mono other

Hona amiles y welcome, though mono other
smiles
Upon our entrance to this world Of pain.
And on each purpose Of our youth again.
With an inspiring sympathy. she smiles.
She leads ia forth to battle and beguiles
Our anguish, ii the long fight proves in vain,
Till. pierced with countless wounds. among
the slain
We lesve her. while the victor foe reviles.
But, even as we touch at ruins verge,
And hear the voices of despair, that urge
The fatal plunge to chaos, hope, alone
How healed and how ransomed mono may
guess
Rising again, in pallid loneliness.
pasnmes her sway. a thousand times DER.
thrown.
Florence Earle Coates in Cosmopolitan Mag
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
A Calendar Curiosity.

Divide the number expressing the
year by four, taking no notice Of the re-
mainder. Next find the number Of days
inclusive from the LIST Of January to the
date in hand, reckoning February al
ways as having only 90 days. Add TO-
gether the sum, the quotient and the
first numbers and divide this by seven.
The figure Of the remainder gives you
the day Of the week, one standing for
Sunday, two for Monday, and 80 on
Chicago Post.
The Worthington advance. [volume] (Worthington, Minn.) 1874-1908, 1894-09-20
WORKED THE ENTIRE CITY.

A Thoroughly Organized Band Of Robbers
Captured in Chicago.
CHICAGO, Sept. 1s.-The police, in tho
capture Of the "Mother'' Martin and
"Taps" Hogan gang of thieves, whose
fence on West Fifteenth street was
raided recently, have unearthed one Of
the most thoroughly organized bands Of
robbers which ever infested the city.
The gang, the police claim, was as
thoroughly organized as q police force,
covering the entire city by districts and
working in night and day "shifts. ="
The ringleaders possessed mysterious
influence, and although members Of the
band had been frequently arrested,
they were often released or dismissed
with light fines. A part Of the ':force"
it is claimed, consisted Of boys and sew
eral Of the youngsters are under arrest.