The sun., 1894-03-04

The author undertakes to prove that the fe-
male represents q higher dsvelopmsnt than
the male through all the various depsrtm ents
Of animate nature Thus. among plants. STAN
mate flowers open before pistillate. and are
much moro abundant. and less differentiated
from the leaves. showing that they are less
developed. and that slighter effort. o less ex-
penditure OF force. Is necessary to form the
male than the female. male flower repre-
sents an intermediate stage between q leaf
and perfect or female flower. and the germ
which produces the male would. in higher
stage. produce the female. The most perfect
and vigorous specimens OF coniterous trees
are OF the female kind. We are told. too that.
in its highest and most luxurious stage, the
larch bears only female blossoms but that so
soon as it's vigor Is lost. male flowers appear.
after which death soon ensues- Among In
scots. the males appear first. thus showing
that less time is required to develop them
from the larval state. In tho case OF bees,
the queen, who represents the elimination
OF the species. Is produced only under
the highest circumstances OF nutrition.
while the birth OF the drone or male. who rep
resents the lowest result OF propagation. is
preceded by extremely low conditions The
working bee. which. being an imperfect
female. cannot be imprsRnated. will. how
ever give birth to parthenoRsnetic offspring
such offspring always being male. In the
case Of aphides, the sex depends on the condi-
tions OF nutrition. During the summer
months. whlo food is plentiful and nutritious.
females are parthenogeneticallyp produced. but
with the return OF autumn and the attendant
scarcity OF food. together with the low temper
ature. only males are brought forth. 1t is said
to be a fact also that II caterpillars are shut
up and starved before entering the chrysalis
stage. the butterflies which make their ap-
pearance arc males. whie tho highly nour-
shed caterpiliars arc sure to come out
females In the case OF moths. innutritious
1000 produces only males experiments show
likewise that when tadpoles are lett to them
selves tho average number OF females is about
hty-ssven In the hundred. but that under
favorable conditions the percentage OF females
is greatly increased From series OF tests
made by iung. 10 appears that in the hrst
prood' ied with oeef the percentage oil females
was raised from nfty-iour to ssventy-eight; In
the second brood. led with hsb. the percentage
rose 10 eiRhty-one. while In tho third set. sup
Piled with the nutritious flesh OF frogs. only
eight males were produced to ninstJ-two
females From many similar observations col
leeted By Daring the deduction is made by
ProL Brooks that among animals aud plants.
rs we'll as In mankind. favorable environ
ment causes an excess OF female birthsand an
unisvorable environment an excess OF male
births. There seems. indeed. to DO no doubt
that' among the human species. nutrition
plays an Appreciaole part In Determining sex.
statistics prove that. In towns and In well-to-
10 lAmiiies thero Is preponderance OF girls.
while In tho country. ana among the poor,
more ooTs are porn also. that after epidem-
ies' wars. ana iamlnes there Is an excess OF
male oirthS oh eAAm&eation II was found In
ea1onJ thAt the ratio OF ooyolrths rose with
the price OF 1000 and feil with IT,
As . result OF the excessive sAgerness in
males for propagation and the consequent OK
psnditurs OF vital force among the lower or
dsrs OF life to find the female and secure her
favors. the males are generally sma aller iu size
with higher body temperature and shorter
life. Among the higher orders the human
species. for Instance. although man is larger
than woman. he is nevertheless shorter lived,
has less endurance is more predisposed to
organic diseases. and moro given to reysrsion
10 former types facts which seem to indicate
that his greater size is not the outcome of
higher dsv sopm snt. The res sult Of an extensive
sxaminA Of male and female subjects was
that about So per cent. OF the males were pos
ssssed OF muscles proper to the lower orders.
while in only about II per cent of the females
did this rsyersion appear. In a single male