davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The advocate., 1894-07-18
SOME QUESTIONS ANSWERED.

EDITOR ADVOCATE: - Please answer at
your convenience the following questions:
II, as it Is claimed, the greenbaoks during
the war deprecated on account of the ex-
oeption clause, how does it come that they
are at par now, when the exception clause
is still thereon2
1t is claimed there is large amount of
coined silver in the treasury at Washing
ton' and owing to the fact that people will
only use silver to the extent of change,
would not the free coinage of silver give US
more than would circulate?
CirCleville, Kas. 81. J. H1NRfcHs.
Greenbscks were deprecated dur
ing the war and Immediately subse.
quent thereto only In comparison
with gold. This depreciation was
caused by the provision that they
were not receivable by the govern
ment for duties on imports. The
fact that gold alone would pay duties,
and the other fact that all the gold in
country was locked up in the bank
vaults made 1t possible for the gam
blerS in gold to secure Of the mer-
chant who had duties to pay on a
cargo OF goods, any price they might
choose to ask. Such merchants pur-
chased gold in exchange for
greenbacks on the best terms they
could make, paying prices ranging
from SLIPS to $285 in greenbacks for
81 in gold. With the greenbacks
thus obtained the gold gamblers
bought the government bonds, 80
that the bonds cost them an average
price of about go cents on the 81.
The reason that greenbacks are
not now deprecated is that on the
pretended resumption of specie pay
ment in 1879 an order was issued by
the treasury department to all GUS
toms officers to receive greenbacks in
payment OF duties the same as gold,
and they have been so received ever
SINCE; so that while the exception is
still on the back of the greenback it
Is not carried out in practice. The
moment the government itself ceased
to discriminate against the green
back it arose to par with gold and
has remained at par ever since.
~ The claim that there is large
amount of coined SILVER in the treas
ury which it. is impossible to circu-
late is false. The coined silver in
The treasury is represented by silver
certificates now in circulation; and,
on the theory of the government that
ihese certificates must rest on metal
oasis, that coin is held for their re-
lOmption. What evidence have we
If thisl During the bankers panic
IT 1893 when the bankers themselves
got short Of small change, silver coin
md small bills arose to a premium In
VI the principal commercial centers,
md application was made to Secre.
The advocate., 1894-07-18
THE sCHOOI.BOOK QUESTION.

CUG JUG hunuhA OOA@O4 mOO"AASt
throughout this state, at which time
the textbook question will come uE
in many, if not all, If the school dis.
triCts for consideration. We pre-.
sented some thoughts upon this SUBJ
ject a few weeks ago when comment
ing upon a late decision Of the
attorney general, at which time we
stated that we should have some
other suggestions to offer in due
time. Under existing circumstances
and conditions it is believed that the
following thoughts axe not unworthy
of careful consideration.
Owing to limited space, we shall,
instead of presenting an srgumentive
article, confne it to an expression Of
q few conclusions we have formed
after several years. observation of the
working Of our county textbook uni
formity law. The question whether
or not to have county uniformity is
wisely left to the decisive vote of the
people, to be expressed by them at
the annual meeting. Avoiding all
theories, educational and otherwise,
we shall base our conclusions on the
financial side of the question, in
order that the people may look at it
from the practical standpoint Of their
pockets, rather than from the theo-
retiCsl educational view.
The following facts are indications
as to what will be the consequences
to school patrons financially of a
county adoption Of books.
Q) 1t means change from the
books now in use, and that the school
patrons of the county will be put to
the expense Of buying new ones. In
these hard times, with so many
urgent uses for our hard.esrned
money, it would be the helghth of
folly to jump into unnecessary or ILL
advised expenditures. The scholars
being now provided with books, it
would seem TO be very bad policy to
make changes, except insofar as is
absolutely necessary to secure dis
trlCt uniformity.
(9 We often hear it asserted that
q county acting as a unit can make
better terms for it's books than single
districts. From personal investigs-
tion we know that this is not so. Any
single school district in this state, no
matter how small the number Of it's
pupils, can, by dealing directly. with
it's publishers, obtain 'preCisely the
same terms as can che most populous
county in the state.
Don't make the mistake of voting
in favor of uniformity, and then
when it has carried, find yourselves
confronted with the stubborn fact
that you cannot get better terms than
you could before. II will then be too
late TO back out and you will have to
90 ahead and make an adoption, and
not only force yourselves to buy new
books, but drag your neiGhbOrS into
The advocate., 1894-07-18
THE CONSTITUTION AND LAWS TRAM.
Piled UPON BY THE CLEVELAND
GOVERNMENT.

In another place will be found the
letter of Governor Altgeld Of Illinois
to president Cleveland in relation tc
the employment OF federal troops in
the state, contrary to the constitution
and the laws; Governor Stone oi
Missouri has addressed a similar let
ter to his majesty relative to the use
of federal troops in that state. Gov
ernor Lewelling has expressed the
same views in an interview in relation
to the unwsrranted exercise Of fed
eral authority in this state during the
coal miners strike and at other
times, and Governor Waite has ex-
pressed like opinions respecting fed
eral usurpation in Colorado.
This plutocrstlc federal govern
ment and it's hireling press are great
sticklers for the constitution and the
lsws-for the other fellows ws-but the
constitution and the laws are not to
be permitted to interfere with any
despotic project which the federal
sutocrats may have in view.
Governor Altgeld, in addition to
his reminder Of federal usurpation in
his state, points out certain facts
which are not permitted to go to the
public through the ordinary news
channels. He points out the fact
that the cry of disturbance and inter
ference with trains is raised by the
railroad companies for purposes Of
deCeption-thst it is simply to afford
an excuse for failure to move trains
where, in fact, the companies have
not the men with which to move
them; and that when state troops
have been furnished to preserve
the peace and protect property,
officers in command of those troops
have reported that no disturbance on
the part Of strikers has taken place,
and no necessity existed for the pres
ence Of troops. The civil authorities
were amply able to meet the require
ments Of the situation, and the trains
still failed to move after the request
for protection had been complied
with, simply because the companies
could not obtain men to move them.
There is another fact excluded from
the plutocratie press It is not in
frequently the case, not in this strike
alone, but wherever conflict of Ia
Dor and capital occurs, disturbance
is deliberately created by the COM
panles and by the deputies and the
military sent ostensiblY to preserve
the peace, in order to manufacture
sentiment against the strikers In
aid of this hellish work the press is
the willing tool of the corporations
That the situation confronting us
Is very grave cannot be disputed, and
.et it not escape the attention Of the
people that in the conflicts which |
nave occurred, an sutocratiC and a
iespOtic administration which dis
regards and overridas Che constitu-
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1894-10-24
Probate Notice.

In the District Court Of the State OF
Nevada, il ard for the County Of
Elko.
In the Matter OF the Estate OF
WILLIAM r. ROSS, Deceased.
Order TO show Cause why Decree OF
Distribution should not be made.
On reading and filing the petition
& John p Rose, M. H. Miller and H
j, Froudentbal, Executors OF tho
laet Will and Testament OF said do
ceased, and praying among other
things for nm order OF distribution of
the residue Of said estate among the
persons entitled:
II is ordt red that all persons inter.
esied in the estate of the said Viii.
liam F. Ross, deceased, be and an
pear before the said Court ut the
Courtroom Of said Court, in the town
Of Elko In said Elko county. on Mon
day, the fifth day OF November, 1894,
mt ten o'clock p. NJ, then and there
to show cause Why an order of dis
tribution should not be made Of tho
residue OF said estate among the
residuary devisees Of the said de-
ceased, according to law.
e. E. BILKEY,
Clerk.
Dated, October 6, 1904.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1894-10-24

Having leased the Stoker sheds and
Darn, am now prepared to accom-.
modate and feed seventy head OF
borses. Plenty OF corral room for any
number Of stock 10 also attached.
EaR-I also run drsy in connection With
the above, and will attend promptly to .
work hat line.
ej 1877. H. q. VANDRAILhlV, RroprietoTn
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1894-10-24

DIR. Prices Cream Baking pcwa,;,
Worlds Pair Highest Award.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1894-10-24
Saturday, Oct. 27, 1894,
At l o'clock sharp. three head of fine
Jacks and choice lot of Jennets.

The Jacks are as we'll bred rs can be
found in America. The sire of Maxi.
million, which is 8 years old, was i'm
ported from Spain. and the two head
of three year old Jacks being his get,
and they from the best bred Ken.
lucky Jennets. These Jacks are all
pedigreed and the same will be fur
nished to parties purchasing said
stock.
TERMS OF SALE-One-fourt to
be paid on day of sale, one-half of the
remainder in one year, and the bal
ance to bepaid in two years, by giving
note with approved security, bearing
interest at the rate of per cent. per
annum.
M. G.. LAZEAR.
ABNFR W1sEmAN, Agent.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24
PLACER FRUIT-GROWER
They VIII Organize and Form a
County ENchanna

RoCKLIN, Jan. 23.-Owing to the stormy
weather the fruitgrOwers' meeting will not be
held at Newcastle until next Saturday. All the
growers of Placer County are expected TO be
present. as the report of the special committee
on organization Will be presented. This com.
mittee, which consists of j. Parker whitney,
Senator Hall, Captain Mccain, Mr.. de Gomez
and f. G. Miles, Will advi Sc the formation OF
the Placer County Fruit Exchange and present
a form OF subscription and organization with
bylaws, for consideration. The notable sue
cess OF TWO county fruit growers associations
is In view. those OF Santa Clara aud Suffer
counties, which last year had marked prof =
able results, and there is no reason why Placer
County, so conspicuous by the magnitude and
SUI error character OF lis varied Ioothill
products. should not attain a still higher
standard for its fruits.
Tie object of organization is TO give the man
agement OF disnosa of fruits 10 a board of di-
rectOrs who shall combine the best available
experience and business abilities, which shall
regulate also The methods OF packing inspec-
non ana branding, so that a uniform and relia-
Die distlnetness shall be obtained. 1t is ex-
pecieo also that great advantages will accrue
from the organization, In its ability, with an
Intelligent supervision, to prevent an excessive
accumulation and Offering of Placer County
fruits in particular centeTs and in extending
Inc area OF consumption of fruits in districts
which have not been we'll canvassed and where
Placer County fruits are hardly known. The
organization is designed to be purely eO-opera-
tive Tor the benefit OF the fruit. growers.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24
DEEP-SEA DIVING.
The Difficulty and Danger of Going
Down TO Great Depths.
WestmipsJer ReyieW.

Westminster Review.
The steamer Alfonso XII. having on board
ten boxes of gold coin. each box worth 100000,
struck on rock ond sank at Grand Canary
while on voyage from Cadiz TO Havana In
1886. 1t was ascertained that the specie was
at a depth of 262s falhoms-16O feet-and
grave doubts were entertained of the posi-
bility OF any diver being able TO withstand
the tremendous pressure incidental to such
depth. viz, some sixty seven pounds to every
superficial square inch of his body. Expert
ments at this depth were made off Dartmouth.
and two men, Lambert aud Tessler, were
found equal TO this perilous task Also, dresses
were at length made which would remain
water-tight at so great depth.
An expedition was sent out by the Marine
Insurance Company, the divers TO receive
reward of per cent, or $500, on each box re-
covered Lambert got up seven boxes and
TesSler TWO. So terrible was the pressure that
Eeither man could stay below for more than
a few minutes. and Lambert. for some time
after his return, suffered from chronic pa
ralYSis OF the bowels, by which he was IN
certain respect reduced TO the helpless condl-
ton of babe in the cradle. Probably tightly
sealed kettle, sent down empty 10 the same
depth would have been crushed fiat. As IL was
the divers only succeeded in finding nine boxes
on: of the ten, $40, 600 thus remaining below.
A subsequent expedition went In search OF tbl5
box. and the diver, aft Ter being down for twenty
minutes, was hauled up only to die. Nothing
discouraged. fresh expedition went OUT, with
two divers, from Germany.
The first of these was promptly hauled up,
half dead, only TO be sent ashore to the hos
pltal, ravng mad The other went down. but
returned declaring that no box was there.
Whether he really got so far as the laZarette
from which the nine boxes were taken is open
TO doubt. The pressure at such depths must be
positively crushing In the accounts OF one OF
the deep sea dredging expeditions IL is men,
toned that when the traW was raised from
great depth the pressure proved TO have been
such as to crush together the wood of the trawI
beam. so that the knots started out of it.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24
ALL WANT PEACE.
Admiral Benham Asked
to Arbitrate.
BRAZIL AWEARY OF WAR.
PeiXotO First Requested Ameri-
can Mediation.
BRAZIL AWEARY OF WAR.
NOW DA CANA FALLS INTO LINE.
In the Meantime the President Has
Ordered His New Ships TO
Sail for Rio.

PERNAMBUCO. Jan. ga dispatch from
the Associated Press correspondent at Rio
de Janero says it is probable the United
States Will be called on TO arbitrate the
differences between the Government and
the insurgents. Lately President PeiXotO
sent out feelers in that direction, and in
reply the United States officers here in
timated that they were not in position
to arbitrate any dispute at the request Of
only one of the parties thereto.
1t was learned to-day. however, on good
authority that Admiral da CANA, the
rebel admiral, has requested Admiral
Benham of the United States force here to
act; as mediator between the insurgents
and the Government, with the view of
bringing about an understanding. This
news was hailed with the greatest satisfac-
ton by everybody when the news reached
shore. Nobody seems to doubt the Amer-
lean admiral will soon be able to patch up
a peace. as both sides are heartily tired of
the conflict.
Rio DE JANEIRo, Jan. 23.-After long
delay Pexoto has given orders to his new
warships to sail southwark and begin the
lOng-eXpected naval contest. Word is re-
ceived here that the Nictheroy, America
Aurora and Paranhyba reached Bahia to-
day Oh the way from Pernambuco to Rio
They are reported to be fully manned and
in good condition for fighting. Much com.
ment has been excited by the visit yester-
day of Da CANA to Admiral Benham, as it
confirms the rumors that Da Cana has
made proposals to Benham to act as medi-
ator between the insurgents and the Gov
ernmeDt. The conference lasted four
hours, but its nature is kept secret.
The information that the Government
war-vessels had sailed for Pernambuco, it
is believed, was conveyed to Da Cana by
some of his adherents in the north, and
his visit to Benham was the result of this
news.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24
CHRIS AND HIS PAL
Evans and MorelI Again Seen
in Lower California.
Detective Black Will Head a Posse
and Start in Pursuit of the
Fugitives.

SAN DIEGO, Jan. 23-ZanZueta Ansel-
mo, Mexican living at Vale de las Pal
mas. arrived in San Diego today and told
of having met two men Of suspicious
appearance at Carlisle Creek in Lower
California yesterday afternoon. Their
heavy arms attracted his notice and he
described in detail the men and team, who
were undoubtedly the same observed by
Schoolmaster Ross at Reyes Canyon last
Thursday.
The men were watering their horses land
watched him narrowly as he passed, but
nothing was said to him. They had four
guns and wore cartridge belts, while An
selma observed that each carried heavy
reviewers. One had a black beard, the
other had lost an eye and the lower part
Of the left arm, the other was younger.
but both were ragged and dirty. He ad
heard nothing of Evans and Morell being
headed south and but little about them
all. Being unable to read, all information
regarding the desperadoes he had gained
by hearsay.
Officers here are convinced that these
are the Fresno fugitives. and will send a
posse to assist the Mexican officers in run
ming them down.
Detective Sam Black, who was shot by
Evans and SOntag at Sampson Flat last
summer. having recovered from his wound
will head the posse.
Morell formerly lived in this city, where
he passed under the name of Ed Martin,
which is believed to be his true name.
Being familiar with this section he would
be able to avoid the more travelled roads.
and no doubt is entertained but that the
men are those wanted at Fresno.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24

free-trade character of the bill, but said he
would vote for it. Laughter on the Re-
publican side.l Turpin I'D OF Alabama
said bis State did not expect to have coal
ana iron put on the free list Hicks and
Daizell (R's) of Pennsylvania antagonized
Tree coal as destructive 10 gigantic indus
tries in Pennsylvania.
Ihe amendment fixing the duty at 81
cents was lost without division.
The amendment to reduce the duty 1919
cent a year until it wiped out was
defeated
The proposition to restore the present
uuty OF 10 cents was lost.
oates amendment fixing the duty at 40
cents was supported by all the Republi-
cans and many Democrats, but was de-
teated-S1 TO 13l.
linen the iron schedule was taken up.
and Oates offered an amendment taking
iron rom the free list and fixing the duty
at gu cents per ton. Hendricks 3D. of
New ork spoke against free iron ore. as
ald Vaughan and Blair (R.'s). and at 80
recess was taken until o'clock.
L he night was devoted to set speeches.
lhe speakers were: Tate 3D. of Geor-
gia, Hall D) of Minnesota, Wilson (R.) of
ONO, Bartheldt (R) of Missouri. Patter-
son 3D. of Tennessee, Baker (R.) of New
hampshire, Taylor D) Indiana, Beliz-
hoever Cd of Pennsylvania. The speech
OF Beltzhoever created the sensation of
the evening. He announced himself fol-
lower Of Samuel j. Randall on the tariff
question, and opposed the Wilson bill. on
the ground that instead of being a reye-
nue. measure in accordance with the Dem
ocratc platform it created a deficiency
ana was, in fact, simply shifting of the
burdens of taxation.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24
WINDS BLOWING COLD
Down From the North Pole
Sweeps the Blizzard.
All Over the Northwest the Mercury
Is Dropping and Snow Is
Falling.

ST. PAUL, Jan. 23.-Cold is with the
Northwest, ana according to present indi-
cations will stay until Wednesday even
ing at least. The thermometer was 16
deg. below zero in this city at o'clock
this morning. Duluth reported Is deg.
Moorhead and Bismarck "a. Huron 20,
Winnipeg 26, Swift Current 80, QUA ppelle
80. Minnesota "a, Helena. Mont, q, all
below.
CHICAGO. Jan. 23.-A severe blizzard,
with drifting snow aud low temperature,
prevails throughout most Of the West and
the Northwest
OMAHA, Jan. pa heavy blizzard is
prevailing. AT 8 o'clock this evening the
mercury was IA deg. below. Union Pacific
trains are considerably delayed.
KANSAS CITY, Jan. 23.-The worst bliz-
gard of the season is raging. At 7 o'clock
tonight the mercury was deg below.
WINNIPEG, Jan. 23-The mercury is 80
deg. below.
SPRINGFIELD, Ill.,, Jan. 23.-Streetcar
traffic Is entirely suspended by the heavy
snowstorm.
KANSAS CITY, Jan. 23.-Dispatches
from many points throughout Southern
Kansas and Oklahoma are to the effect
1hat the cold weather Is intense. Much
suffering Is reported from Guthrie, where
several settlers who were unprepared for
the severe cold have succumbed.
BUFFALO. Wyo.. Jan. 23.-Last night
the thermometer ranged from 20 to 40 deg.
below Zero Howard West, Assessor of
johnson County, started from Buffalo to
the ranches on Pine Creek. eighteen miles
north. The storm was so severe that he
could not find his way. and he wandered
over the bills until 10 o'clock this morning,
when he was discovered by teamster.
de was blind and both hands and feet and
his face were frozen
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24
BETWEEN TWO FIRES.
Where Peixoto Hopes to Catch the
Rebels.

NEW YORK. Jan. 23.-The Herald's
Montevideo Uruguay special says: The
commander of the Brazilian feet anchored
here has received from Minister Menteiro
President PeiXoto's order to be ready to
sail next week. Their plan is to catch the
rebel feet between two fires, as Admiral
Goncalves will send down the rest of
PeixotO's navy from Pernambuco, and the
two divisions will meet near Rio.
National Deputy Anibel Palcas arrived
here to-day. He fed from Rio with a CON-
panion and went to Pernambuco. There
both were made prisoners and Pacas'
companion was shot, but Palcas himself
escaped and was brought TO this port by a
Norwegian ship.
MONTEvIDEo, Jan. 23.-At the request
of the Brazilian Minister the Uruguayan
police have captured a supply of arms in
tended for the insurgents of Rio Grande
du Sui.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1894-01-24
AN OLD STORY NOW.
Relating the Details of the Battle on
MOCague Island.


LONDON, Jan. 23.-The Times to-mor-
row Will publish the following, dated Rio
Janeiro, January 20. via Montevideo, Jan
uary 10: The insurgents to-day attacked
Mocague Island, while the Aquidaban
made preparations to advance. She KEEP
up a heavy fire with her machine Quick
firing guns until half-past 8. and then at 4
the insurgent launches advanced, covering
the landing of three parties of twenty
seven men each, who with a reserve of
thirty men were placed on Mocague
Pequena. The Insurgents landed just at
day break and Immediately charged the
Government battery, capturing a Krupu
held-piece, one heavy Whitworth and a
large supply of ammunition. The insur-
gents turned their !own battery against
the Government troops stationed at MORO
DATmacaO and Punta da Areia.s
A sharp hand hand fight took place on
the island and was maintained for half an
hour. At the expiration of this time the
Government troops surrendered. The
total loss of the Government was as fol-
lows: Commanding officer and ten killed.
fifteen wounded and three officers and 2OC
men taken prisoners. The Government
loss on the mainland is unknown, but must
have been heavy. The insurgents lost five
killed aud seven wounded.
The Govern ments new warships are
still at Pernamb ucO, and the Tiradentes
and Bahia remain at Montevideo. The.in.
surgents report having received notice OF
a consignment of 5000 Mannlicher rifles.
100000 cartridges, As Krupp guns and a
large supply of ammunition for the use OF
the revolutionary forces.