davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
TESTS I'M POTATO CULTURE.
A Comparison of the French System With
the Ordinary Method.

a COIn paFlSOu Oh sHS T. EcnCn system w lDn
the Ordinary Method.
A few years ago considerable interest
was aroused by the accounts of wonder
full yields of potatoes obtained by a
method of culture known as The Rural
New Yorker trench system. The system
derives its name from the fact that it
was first used at the trial grounds of The
Rural New Yorker and was advocated
by the editor of that paper, Mr.. E. s..
Carman. The system consists essential
ly in planting the tubers in trenches five
to seven inches deep and 10 to Is inches
wide, the bottoms of which are we'll
pulverized, covering to the depth Of
about two inches, then applying any
desired amount Of fertilizer in the
trench, after which the trenches are fill
ed SO that tho surface shall be level.
Now, it has been the practice of W.
M. Munson Of tie Maine station for sew
eral years tc plant in burrows, applying
fertilizer broadcast over the surface of
the ground, for there is little doubt that
the old custom of chilling" potatoes is
worse than useiess-it is positively in
furious to the crop on dry soil. It has
seemed doubtful, III view of the fact that
the roozs Of the potato extend in all d.
rections, filling; the whole space between
tho rows, whether placing the fertilizer
in trench only could be as rational or
in practice as satisfactory as the other
method.
In the paper referred to and also in a
book recently published, '"The New Po-
tato Culture" thu statement is made
that in every trial the land laid out in
trenches, whether with or without fer
tilizer or manure, has largely outyielded
that planted according to the old method
of hills or burrows In an issue of The
Rural New Yorker Of recent date is d
detailed account Of a comparison Of the
two methods as conducted on the
grounds of the originator OF the trench
system. From this trial the following
conclus .ons were drawn: There is diff
ference of the total yield per acre Of
only ole-half bashel in favor of the
trenches, but Of the marketable potatoes
there is difference of over II bushels
per acre in favor of the trenches. 'tThe
yield Of small potatoes (unmarketable)
of the burrows is 1919 bushels per acre
greater than that of the trenches
The work of the Maine station to de-
termine the comparative merits of the
trench system versus the ordinary Gull
ture, planned without the knowledge
that similar work was being undertaken
elsewhere, is detailed in bulletin just
issued. The results therein reported are
in measure oppoged to conclusions con-
corning the trench system which have
heretofore been published. In summing
up the matter Mr.. Munson says: 1--WE
would not, however, condemn the
method without further trial, though it
is but just to say that certain parties
quoted as obtaining specially marked
results from the trench system have dis
carded this method in general practice.
1t is questionable whether the results
obtained will justify the extra labor in
volved in practicing the trench system
Of potato culture. In our trials the past
season duplicate lots in every instance
produced contradictory results. -
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
In Remembrance of the Late Judge
Cleayes.

Augusta, October S.-.The HalloweH
Granite company is making sarcophagus'
to be erected on the grave of the. late Judge
Nathan Cleaves of Portland, which, when
completed, will excel any similar produce
ton in the state. The material is white
granite from the Hallowell quarries. The
design is very impressive; height, ten feet;
Xxi feet. Two garlands of oak leaves cut on
the solid face Of the stone are among the
motto ca BILE features.
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09

Urine. ............ 6.S 40
It will thus be seen that the greater
part Of the nitrogen and potash passes
away in the urine. AS it contains no
phosphoric acid, it cannot, of course be
well balanced manure. DR.. Hoskins
says:
AS to the separate application of urine
as fertilizer to particular crops, my
own experience leads me to value it
most highly for market garden crops
and for small fruits. Tt pushes rhubarb,
asparagus, celery, spinach, etc., tre-
mendously, but it ought not usually to
be applied to these or any annual crop
while in full growth. Rhubarb will
stand it when poured freely about the
roots. Currant and gooseberry bushes
respond to it in the same way, and so
do fruit and ornamental trees and
shrubs. have never seen it do any
harm. although on quite level spots too
much, especially in hot weather, might
cause injury. Many years ago advised
in print the excavation of earth from
beneath old barns and stables for use as
manure and was very successful in it's
use myself, but many claimed that it
produced very little effect. This + at
tribute to its not being complete fer
tilizer, the heterogeneous matter having
disappeared,
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
EDUCATIONAL.
EDUCATIONAL.
FRANK BURNHAM,
Teacher Of Violin and Cornet.

., Han no9r and hour lessons. Careful and
InOrousn Instruction given to each pupil. For
Of.
sept15 diff
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
French ressons.

French lessons by MRS. H. FALCONER,
late OF SALEM n Mass, day evening to limit;
for if desired. Inquire at I'll Gray st. from 8
to p. m. sept21eod3w*
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
RATES OF POSTAGE.

On First Glass Matter.-The rate
postage on matter of the first class is as
follows:
l. On letters and other written matter,
except that specially authorized to pass at
third-elass rates and on sealed matter or matter
otherwise closed against inspection, two cents
per ounce or fraction thereof.
On postel cards one cent each, the price
fol which they are sold.
3. On drop letters" two cents per ounce or
fraction thereof when mailed at letter carrier
post offices, and one cent for each ounce or
fraction thereof at Offices where free delivery
by carrier is not established
On. Second Class Natter The rate OF
postage on secOnd-class matter when sent by
the publisher thereof, and from the office OF
publication, including samples copies, or when
sent from news agency to actual subscribers
thereto, or to other news agents, is one cent per
pound or fraction thereof.
The lrate of postage on newspapers and
when SEN. by other than the publisher OF news
agent is one cent for each four ounces or
fractional part thereof.
The rate OF postage on newspapers excepting
weeklies) and on periodicals not exceeding two
ounces in weight, when the same aredeposited in
Is uniform at one cent each; on periodicals
weighing more than two ounces. two cents
each.
Newspapers and periodicals when de
posted by the publishers OF news agent in a
letter-carrier office for general or box delivery
are subject to pay postage at the rate OF one
cenJper pound; Wnen deposited by OCner than
publishers or news agents, tor general or box
delivery, the rate is one cent for four ounces or
fractional part thereof.
Weekly newspapers when deposited by the
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Office, Tor delivery by carriers. or otherwise are
subject only to the rate OF one cent pound or
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All second-class publications, when sent by
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ter-carrier office located either in the county
OF publication or elsewhere. are subject to
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On Third Class Mdtter.-The rate of postage
on third-cass matter is one cent for each two
ounces or fractional part thereof.
on Fourth Class Mdtter.-The rate OF postage
on fourth,class matter is one cent an ounce or
fraction theY
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
PORTLAND POST.OFFICE.
OFFICE HOURS.

=, Ctash b Office Sundays excepted), 7.so
m. 70 100 p. NJ. Money order department. a
ILL., y, W Ply p m. Registry department. 900
a. m. TO 600 p. m,
Geaerat DeliUery Sundays excepted) 7.3o
d. M. TO 700 p. m. Sunday 500 to 1000 a. m.
1aiaTsers Deliveries, Sundays excepted)-In
giusiesS section of the city between High and In.
una sereets, at 100 and 9.15 a. M. IL. As M 80
al so o'lo p m; in other sections at 500 a. m,
8 s1 window, 900 to 1000 a. M Collections
IRON street boxes at HOO a. M, 400
anu o'oo p m. Sunday, 600 p. m. only.
ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF MAILS.
of 6foston, Southern and Western, intermediate
Eaia a., eastern division)-Arrive at 1890,
O. ana 1l.3o 2. M; close a. m. and 1900
D. M ciosa aha 9 81 p m; Sunday, arrive 125
Boston, Southern and Western. and inter
ilG aie omces and connections, via Boston and
m. LIN raliroad (Western division)-Arrive at
! 5z;eu ana $50 p. M; close 500 a. M, and
Eastern. via Maine Central Railroad-Arrive
a. M and LOO p. m.; close 1870 and els
p. m.
Augusta. intermediate offces and connections
i an malme central railroad-Arrive at 200 and
H.. lZ.3o. Ali and 9.15 D. m.
Fdrn,i1,gtof,, intermediate offices and connec-
tons, via Maine Central Railroad-Arriye at
Ivy and 6.l5 p. M close at TAB a. M, and
12.3op. m.
Rouslo,,d, intermediate offices and connections
via Knox and Lincoln railroad-Arriye 100
and 6 p. m.; close at e.15 a. m. and IL M
Skouhega1e, intermediate Offices and connec-
tons, via Maine Central railroad-ArriYe at
LOO p. M; close at 1890 p. m.
auburn and Letcisto,,--Arrive 200 and 900
a. NJ. and LOO and GLIB p. M; close 6.45 and
7.45 a. m., 1890, Alb and 9.15 p M
,Bangor-Arrive zoo a. m.,. LOO and p. M;
close at g. 5 a. M. 1880 and 9.16 p. m.
Biddeford and soco-Arrive at 2.3o and $50
2. M; close at 600, 500 a. m. and 1900 M,
2.45 and 5.15 p. m.
Island Pond, IT., intermediate offices and
connections, via Grand Trunk Railway-Ar
rive at 12.3 80 p M; close at 6.45 a. m. and 90
p. m.
Gorhane, N. H., intermediate offices and con-
necti0ns via Grand Trunk railroad-Arrive at
$40 a. m. and 12.30 p. M. close at 6.45 a. M.
LOO and 4.30 p. m.
SaUdntor,. IT, intermediate offices and con.
nections, via Mountain Division M. C. r. R.
Arrive at S.35 p. M; close at 500 a. m.
Bartlett, n. e. intermediate offices and con-
nections via Mountain Division M. c. R. R.
Arrive at 600 a. m. and 8.35 p. M; close at
800 a. m. and 2.45 p. m.
Duck Pond, Prtde's Corner, Wi,,dhona, No
Wtndhane, Raymond and South Casco-Arriva
at H. 90 m. close at LAB p H.
|. Rochester. N. H., intermediate offices and con
nections, via Portland &Rochester railroad-Ar.
rive at 1.45 and 900 p. M; close at $50 and
11.45 a. m.
Cumberland Mills-Arrive at $40 a. NJ, AS
500 and S.35 p. M. close at g. 80 a. m IL As
q. m and $50 p. m.
West6rook (Saccorappo) Arrive at $40 a.
m. .45 and 500 p. M; close $50 and 11.45 a.
m. and $50 p. m.
Cape Elizabeth and K,aightvt1e-Arriye at
500 a. M. and r. M; close at a. m. and l. AS
p. m.
Boaeery Beach-Arr!ve at p. M close Las
p. m.
South Portland and WiIdrd-Arriye at a,
M, and 2.l5 p. NJ. close at a. m. and 200 p.
m.
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
Loud Manure.

In an interesting discussion as to the
effectsof liquid 1nanures on grass in the
columns of The Rural New Yorker, DR..
Hoskins of Vermont improves the OPP
portunity to point out the difference be-
tween complete and incomplete ferti-
izers. To better understand this differ
ence is given the analyses Of fresh cows
dung and urine:
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09

DROP a postal card to THE
PRESS and have our
representative call and col -
lect the work. 1t is cheap
er to bind than to keep run
of loose parts.
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
BIND
THOSE
PORTFOLIOS!

Don't let such nice volumes
go to ruin in your homes.
You can not afford to have
them 60 unbound when it
can be done in such fine
style and so reasonably at
The PRESS Office.
Have you any of the PRESS
portfolios you wish to pre-
serve? Do you know they
make UP into beautiful
books? Call and see samples
of our work.
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
Madame NiIda Farnesi de Lowry

VIII give LESSONS to limited number of pupils IN
French. Italian and Spanish.
instruction IN a conversational knowledge
OF the above named languages, a speciality.
Le imGs 81 gwen on piano and GUITAR Likewise IN
all kiiu -, VI embroidery and fancy work in wax.
paper, cue. special attention paid to young
pupils. Sc BROWN ST., Portland.
Oct5 div
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09

Printed matter" is defined by statute to be
"the reproduction upon paper, by any process
except that of handwriting, OF any words
letters, characters, figures or images or of any
combination thereof, not having the
character of anlactual and personal correspon
dence."
A"circular'' is defined by statute to be {
printed letter, which, according to internal evi
dence, is being sent i'll identical terms to sever
al persons" and does not lose its character as
such by writing therein the date, name of the
addressee or of the sender, or the correction OF
mere typographical errors.
4th Glass Merchandise, namely all matter
not embraced in the first, second or third
classWhich is not in its form or nature liable to
destroy, deface or otherwise damage the con
tents of the mail bag, or harm the person oil
any one engaged in the postal service, andnot
above the weight provided by law.
Limit of Weight of Mail Mdtter.-No package
weighing more than four pounds shall be re
beived for conveyance by mail. except single
cooks weighing IN excess OF that amount and
except books and documents published OF
circulated by order of Congress, or official
matter emanating from any of the
Departments of the Government or from
the Smithsonian Institution.
80 Second-class matter mailed in packages
at the pound rate is not subject to the four
pound limitation.
81 The above limit of weight does not ap
ply to matter in foreign mails regulated BY
p0Stals conventions,
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09
CLASSIFICATION OF MAIL MATTER


Classification of Domestic Nail Mat
ter.-Domestic mail matter,-that is
mail matter sent in the mails from some
post office within the United States to
some other post Office within the same.
is divided into four classes, as follows:
list CLASS. Written matter. namely, letters,
postal cards, and all matter wholly or partly in
writing, whether sealed or unsealed Except
manuscript copy accompanying proof sheets or
corrected proof sheets of the sanle.) All mat
ter sealed or otherwise closed against inspection
is also of the first class.
I'd class. Periodical publications, namely all
newspapers and other periodical publications
which are issued at stated intervals and as
frequently as four times year.. which bear. a
date of issue, and are numbered consecutively,
are issued from a known office of publication.
are formed ofprintd paper sheets. without board.
cloth, leather or other substantial binding,
To be of information OF public
character, or devoted to literature the sciences,
art. or some special industry, and must have a
legitimate list of subscribers, and must not
be designed primarily for advertising purposes,
or for free circulation or circulation at nominal
rates.
The Portland daily press., 1894-10-09

POUNDS IN ONE THOUSAND
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23
a Buttcrny,s Faith.

1t is commonly thought that but
terily breads water as a fine lady
breads Eain; but evidently this is not
true in Australia
The case OF an Australian butterfly
deliberately entering the water to take
bath is recorded by VI. G. Lyell, Jr.,
in the Victoria Naturalist. He saw il
alight close to the water, into which il
backed until the whole of the body and
the lower part of the hind wings were
submerged, the two fore legs alone
retaining their hold of the dry land.
After remaining in this position fog
something like half minute it flew
away apparently refreshed.
NJ. Lycl says: During the morn
ing noticed a number doing the same
thing. In one instance no less than
four were to be seen within a space OF
not more than three yards, and to make
sure that was not deceived captured
several as they rose from the water
and found in each case the body and
lower edge OF the hind wings quite wet.
While in the water the fluttering o!
the wings, so noticeable at other times.
was suspended. and so intent were the
butterflies in the enjoyment of theii
cold bath that they could hardly move,
even when actually touched by the net.
Apparently the heat OF the weather
drove them down to the water. as i'm.
mediately upon emerging they flew W
again TO the hillside
Butterflies are often seen aDDarently
sucking in the moisture around the
edge OF pools but they have never be
fore been seen actually to enter the
water.
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23
LOOK PLEASANT. PLEASE.

Ada-Why does Clara spea k oil
George as her intended? Are they
engaged? Alice-No; but she intends
they shall be.
Say, mamma" said Harry, chow
is it that when you feed dog on ami
NAL flesh he gets fleshy; and when you
feed him on bones, he doesn't get
bony?"
"Do you enjoy holidaysP" said
Johnny's uncle "Yes, SIR" "What
do you enjoy most about them?'
''Bein' able to stay no me from school
without bein' sick"
Jeweler-I have shown you all the
rings I've got for girls of twelve years
old Lady Customer have changed
my mind. / believe I'll wait until
my daughter is fifteen years old.
Jeweler-All right, madam. VIII you
have chair?
Boggs-I honestly believe that
Smythe married his wife on account
of her good looks Dudley-Toolx her
at her face value, as it were. Bogg.
And I've no doubt that Brown mar
ried his wife because her father was
wealthy. Dudley-Took her at hel
pa value. as it were.
Sleeping Car Passenger, waking NJ
as train comes to a stop-Heigh-hol
wonder where we are now. Voice, OF
the outside--Now, that's all rot, tel
you st. Louis beer didn't get the
highest award at the worlds fair st
Louis beer isn't fit to drink. Sleeping
Car Passenger-By Ginger! We've
got TO Milwaukee.
A Scotch preacher who found hi:
congregation going to sleep one sun
day before he had fairly begun, sud
denly stopped and exclaimed: "Breth-
rem. IL Is nae fair Wait till l get a
start, and then il l am nae worth
listening TO gang to sleep; but dinna
nod your pows before I get commenced.
Gle n mon a chance"
In one of the critical scenes the
hero suddenly became aware of the
fact that he had come upon the
Stage minus his poniard. Without q
moments hesitation he made dasf
at the traitor, exclaiming: "Die, vii.
lainl l meant to strike thee with my
dagger, but j left the weapon in my
dressing room, and will. therefore,
strangle thee in the presence Of this
/ indulgent audiencel'
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23
whine or whistle.

A small boy was chasing a some
what bigger one on Cass avenue the
other day. when the bigger OF the two
stumbled and fell. Tie other tumbled
over him. and was hurt as much as
the bigger one. But the biggest boy
was the bigger baby. aud began to
whine and cry. The smaller one got
up, brushed of the dirt. rubbed his
barked knee and began TO whistle.
The other one looked Mt him a
moment, and then blubbered:
Jimmie. how can you whistle when
it hurts SOP"
lit doesn't hurt so IF you whistle. "
said philosophical Jimmy. "Its wher
you whine that IL hurts So"
Whistle and whine begin alike, but
they end differently. Detroit Free
Press.
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23

Hoods pills are prompt and efficient. yet
easy In action. Sold by all druggists. Csc.
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23

! will find a solution to the mystery.
And when the original builders OF
Zimbabwe have been traced to their
homes it will remain to discover who
their successors in Newfoundland
were who rebuilt some portions Of
the wall, for it certainly was not
done by any modern race of negroes. ("
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23
THE JURY SYSTEM.
Traced to the Town Meetings In Vogue
In Ancient England.

Traced to the Town Meetings In Vogue
In Ancient England.
Certain customs OF the ancient Eng
lish town meeting are believed to
have a connection with the origin OF
the jury, says the Detroit Free Press
An injured person would stand up
before the meeting and state in a
formal manner IL charge against his
supposed injurer. The accused per-
son would deny in formal way tho
truth Of the charge. Each party
would seek to establish the truth OF
his statement by calling upon his
supporters to join hands and swear
to the truth of his word. The ono
who could get twelve men to swear
with him would usually carry the
voice of the meeting and win his
case. The twelve who swore to-
gether to the same thing were not
jurors, yet the custom is supposed to
have some connection with the origin
of juries. When William the Con-
queror with his army entered Eng
land, 1866, and finally settled down
to rule the land, he. in order to
secure information as to the con-
dition of the kingdom, demanded a
general survey and census Of the
realm. One method employed was
to require twelve men Of the neigh
borhood to give the facts under oath.
From this usage OF gaining informa-
ton there grew up in the courts the
practice of deciding disputes by the
same agency.
Rural claimants to an estate were
decided by the oath OF twelve men.
and were presented to the court for
trial by the oath of twelve men.
Trial by ordeal and trial by battle
were also methods of deciding cases
by twelve sworn witnesses. 1t was
when other ways failed that the
ordeal was ordered. The English
method of witnesses or jurors, called
compurgation, was extended TO the
surrounding country. AS trial by
battle and the ordeal was discon-
tinued the custom became universal
of forming jury of twelve to decide
the guilt or innocence OF one pre-
scented for trial This body was
called petit jury, in distinction
from the larger body which made
the accusation or indictment, and re-
ceived the name of the grand jury.
In the time of Edward ILL.,, 1927,
witnesses were added to the jury.
One hundred years later witnesses
were no longer added to the jury,
but were examined and cross ex-
amined in open court Jurymen
used their own knowledge of the
facts in making up their minds until
500 years later. when they wero re-
quired TO decide wholly upon evil
dence given in open court. The
jury system was transpldnted to
America from England. Some OF
the states have abolished the grand
jury; in some a grand jury may be
composed of only five persons In
some states juries OF less number
than twelve are authorized in some
OF the lower courts
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23
Jack Rabbit. I'm New York.

Jack rabbits from the far West are
sold in New York markets They
are sent East in great numbers by
firms that buy of the pot hunters.
They are sold side by side with the
native hare of the East, and each
jack rabbit weighs about twice as
much as his Eastern cousin.
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23

Referring TO the unpublished adj
dress OF Horace Greeley in the Gen.
fury Magazine Loyds Weekly London
Newspaper says; The Arctic ex-
piorer's portrait figures as fronts.
pjaca." Eactl
Weekly expositor. (Brockway Centre, Mich.) 1882-1894, 1894-02-23
Worse and Moro of Il.

Irate SUBSCRIBER demand TO see
the editor. Where is he?
Printer-He's in the loft. The citi-
zens tarred and feathered him last
night.
S.-Yes, and that's just what 1
want TO see him about. The tar be-
longed to me. and want the editor 10
pay for it-Atlanta Constitution.