The herald., 1894-05-04
ARTISANS HOMES.
HOW GLASGOW HAS IMPROVED SOME
OF ITS POOR DISTRICTS.

Poor Mt Reasonable Rentals.
Municipalities are not necessarily
wiser than other corporate bodies. elias.
cow has BIZ no nouns solved tho human
problem. But shc has made some notable
experiments in the direction Of bright
ening human life But, with less thar
half a dozen blocks Of municipal tone
ments, she is still far from pointing the
way to a hoatilc condition. She is also
far from having become q sccialistic city.
She had the OPP ortunity to mako expert.
ments in tho lnass w-etohcd Of her dis
tricts- Tho experiments have succeeded,
and private enterprise here, IS elsewhere,
has made similar experiments and with
similar success.
The municipal tenemonts or artieans'
dwellings, as they are variously called,
consist of blocks of flats on either side
of the Saltlnarl1ot. The buildings are
four stories in height The ground floors
are occupied by shops The houses are
usually arranged so that on two floors
there are three tenements, a tenement OF
two rooms being on each side Of the
staircase and q tenement of one room be-
tween them. There are also several fats
of three rooms each. The tenement of
one room is Il by 10 feet 1t is fitted
with bed closet, which is expected to
answer the purpose of a second room, q
scullery, a large press or cupboard,
commodious dresser and a kitchen range.
Such an apartment rents for $40 O year.
The two rooned fiat has small lobby
fitted with press or closet. On one
side of the lobby is the living room,
which is completely furnished as o
kitchen. A scullery adjoins. There is
also bed alcove in the room. On the
other side of the lobby and on tho front
of the house is the sitting room, to which
is also attached bed closet. Such fiat
rents for SAC. so per annum. The three
roomed flats rent for $50 year. Gas is
supplied by the city at tho usual rate of
80 cents per /, 000 feet. There is laun-
dry ut the top of the house for tho use
Of the tenants. These artisans dwellings,
are constructed in the most substantial
manner. The stairs are stone, and tho
stairway walls are tiles or glazed brick,
which is easily kept clean.
1t has long been objected that these
dwellings do not meet the necessities of
the poorest class of laborers. The rents
streets or on the docks and at other kinds
of unsldlled labor. Glasgow had to con-
slider whether it were possible for the
municipality to reach these men in any
way. If it had been question Of letting
rooms to single men, the arrangement
could have been made easily enough.
But the difficulty was TO devise homes
for large families, and it usually hap
pens that in this part of the world the
poorer the man the larger is his family.
Houses could be built, of course, but
could the poorest class of laborers afford
to pay rent which would return to the
municipality an interest If 2, 8 or 4
per cent on its investment. Could the
municipality compete in that respect
with the owners of rookeries, where
families live in single apartments?
Much deliberation was given to the sub
ject Itwas found that the municipality
could put up block of substantial
buildings to meet the wants Of the class
hitherto left untouched, but that it
would not be practicable to provide any
thing more than what are called zone
roomed houses that is to say, one
room to family. To be sure, the rooms
could Re divided by partition reaching
within two or three feet of the ceiling,
the sleeping quarter being thus separated
from the cooking quarter.
1t was finally decided that block of
single room tenements should DO con-
structed A place was cleared at the
rear of q block Of artisans dwellings,
and plain building OF three stories was
erected, with four single room tenements
on each floor, two in the front and two
behind These were let at rents well
within the means of unskilled laborers.
The building was opened, and it has
been filed ever since The experiment
is financially successful, but In other re-
spects there is little to be said for it. OF
course the apartments are larger, lighter,
healthier, better built than any single
room tenements in the old rookeries
Nevertheless the objections to the herd
ing Of family in one room are not there
by removed They are merely minimized
and in a very slight degree. 1t is not by
any means demonstrated that munich
pality is justified in doing anything to
the single room tenement sys-
tenn for families.
The construction Of Glasgow's munic-
ipal tenement houses, whether of the
better class or Of the poorer, is admira-
BILE The stairways, being built entirely
OF masonry, are consequently fireproof
The stairs themselves and the hall floors
are of stone, and the walls Of the halls
are faced with glazed tiles or glazed
bricks, as the case may be, and, as have
said, are easily kept clean.
a very large amount Of work yet re-
mains to be done on the municipal estate
which comes under tho administration
Of the improvement fund. Old houses are
still being torn down, and crowded areas
are being cleared away OF course all
this is very expensive business. But it
is being gradually carried on SO that the
cost may not fall excessively on any
single year.--Glasgow Cor. Boston Her
aid