davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12
It May Do as Mu CHI for You.

Mr.. Fred Miller. of Irving. ILL.,.
writes that he had Severe Kidney
trouble for many years. with severe
pains in his back, and also that his
bladder was affected. He tried many
SO called Kidney cures. but without
any good result. About year ago, he
began use of Electric Bitters and
found relief at once. Electric Bitters
is especially adapted to cure of all Kid
ney and Liver troubles and often
give almost instant relief. One trial
will prove our statement. Price only
SOC. for large bottle, at l.. Four
nier's Drug Store. 6
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12
Bucklin's Arnlca Salve.

THE BEST SALvE in the world for
Cuts, Bruises, Sores, Ulcers, Salt
Rheum, Fever Sores, letter. ChappeG
Hands, Chilblains, Corns, and all Skin
and positively cures Piles,
DR. no pay required. 1t is guaranteed
20 give perfect satisfaction, or money
Price % cents per box
For sale by l.. FoURNIER, Druggist.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The Wilson bill is a local, sectional
measure. For instance, Southern
rice gets "a cents protection in the bill,
while Northern farm products go on
the free list. Peanuts are protected
by 70 per cent duty, while peas, a
Northern product, 20 on the free list.
Oranges are protected by 81 per cent
duty, while apples and Northern fruit
60 on the free list.-Clipper.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The Pittsburgh councils have passed
an ordi nance providing for an appro-
alton Of $4,000 to be expended in
connection with the proposed national
encampment of the Grand Army of
the Republic. in that city. in Septem-
Der.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

Rhode Island has Joined the pro-
cession, stepping into line with big
Republican majority to its credit and
proclaiming its devotion to the princi-
pies which the people everywhere are
Endorsing. Rochester Democrat and
Chronicle,
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

Congressman Weadock is reported
to have said at Washington, last Sat
urday, that he had not made up his
mind whether he would run again or
not. The result of Mondays elections
will not be apt to encourage him to
make the race again. -Oscoda Press.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

''To-day the writing on the wall we see,
And Clevelandism falls with dull, dead thud
The people wake; free trade Democracy!
It's name is mud.'
Eyes Clevelandism's had its day;
The tidings through the land have sped,
And mails and wire dispatches say.
That Cievelandism' 8 dead"
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The variety of the April Century is
enhanced by a paper by DIR. Edward
Eggleston, "Wild Flowers of English
Speech in America" topic upon
which DIR. Eggleston may be consid-
cred an expert.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12
JULIUS KRAMER.

Hard times" did it, is the explana-
ton OF democratic organs for the
overwhelming Republican victories in
all quarters of the Union. Right
And the people understand thoroughly
what party it is that is responsible for
.'hard times. ~. Y. Press.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The funny thing about the tariff de-
bate In the Senate is that number of
democratic Senators think that a
policy which is good thing for their
constituents is such very bad thing
for the whole country,
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

On last Wednesday, Rhode Island
fell into the republican line, giving
their candidate for governor over six
thousand majority and electing a
Legislature that is nearly unanimous,
the free traders securing but five Of
the 100 members.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The Agricultural department at
Washington, reports that farmers will
receive a visit this year from the
Seventeen Year Locusts." More
Cleveland luck.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The Wilson bill makes 10 per cent
reduction on foreign rags. The reduc-
ton was useless. From the way things
are going, this country will soon have
millions of rags for export. Every
body will be covered with rags Clip
per.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The Wilson bill was to give Ameri-
can industries wider markets. The
mere threat Of the passage of that
measure has destroyed the markets
that these industries enjoyed, Kill
the abomination ~, Y. Press.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

No wonder Associate Justice White
wanted to stay in the Senate to lobby
for the sugar tax. The report of the
Secretary of the Treasury shows that
$40. $500 was paid him as sugar
bounty. Blade.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The Board of Supervisors of Che
boygan county, the stronghold OF
democracy in this Congressional dis
trict, is composed of l6 republicans
and 5 democrats. No scratching
republicans in that county.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

The republicans of Iosco county
lost the Board of Supervisors by kick
ing against the nominations and voting
the democrat ticket, giving the dems
one majority.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

"What is the democratic partyg"
asks the Chicago Times. "Well, it
used to be an organized appetite, but
just at present it seems to be disor-
gained appetite, IN Y. Tribune.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

Gov. Rich has appointed Stewart
Gorton, of Luzerne, agent OF the State
board of corrections and charities Tor
Oscoda county.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

---A e the roe~Is 81 tho -oficia1 cnnnt,
the democratic representatives in
Rhode Island are reduced to five in a
total of 100 members of the legislature.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

Since Chicago went republican, last
week, all the force is taken from
Stead's denunciation of the windy
city Bay city Tribune.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1894-04-12

Cheboygan county voted in favor of
bonding the county for go, 600 for
new court house.
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

A man the other day was gravoly discussing
the subject Of how and where woman should
AArfy heE pocket book. He drst demonstrate
cd tho fdSt that 1t was quite Improper for her
10 carry II In lcf hand, As nothing would be
easier than for ninibl&footsd thief to snatch
II from her slender fingers and make OIL He
also disApproved Of the little satin bag - a
receptacle therefor on the same groundS. He
recognized tho uselcssness Of trying 10 carry
II In ones belt, because ones belt Is, Of
course, too loose to hold It.
Finally after having shown the folly Of all
these wnys he very innocently suggested that
She ssffy her purse In her pocket.
But, bless his dear soul, shs doesn't have
the pocket
lis In this particular that the woman Of
to-day IL dcfrauded and abused. She should
battle for her rights. While man luxuriatea
III tWshtyifour separate and distinct pockets,
poor woIt!ah tnay not have even one.
haven't any desire to vote, but do want .
pocket.
However, while the subject was under con
AidcratIon, fell to wondering what would be
thS feylinKs Of tha unfortunate thief who
should steal lhss unfortunate fooket book
which ia my daily c0tophiiion, for ~ s.'n-
tanned A. that moment II dino. two pennies, a
key, fb.s postage s,ampr, hait-pin, sesr,si
memoranda, i siibir''an railroad ticket with
most Of the rides punched, 4 Dss II stories
that are some time TO be written, aud on by
Itself In one pocket battered four-leaf
clover.
But sometimes / have as much M quarter
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04
ABOUT RAILWAYS.

Germany has $4,000 railroad en-.
ploycs
The first French railroad line was
opened In 1893.
The number Of railroad employees In
France Is eaa, 900.
The Union Pacific owns or con trolls
1851 miles Of line.
In England tho passenger earnings
are about forty.four per cent Of tho
total receipts.
The average cost Of construction
and equipment pcr mile Of American
roads Ii s3t,6tt
Mulhnli says that tho life Of loco.
motive Ia usually fifteen years and Its
earnings s5oo,ooo.
Tho fastest long. distance run over
known was ON the New York Central
In 1891. $50 miles In +?5 minutes
The first line Of railroad In the
United States was from boston TO
Quincy. four miles, opened In 1897.
Last year there were +oi rcnr-cnd
collisions In this country, al head
collisions and cighty'ninc at crossings.
The construction Of the New York
clcvA'-d railroad required 1900 tons
OF iron per mile aud cost ssao per yard.
In 1880 tho United States had TWEEN
ty.thrco miles Of railroad track In
operation, last year there were 49,.
e25.
English railroads are the most cost
Is, 10 build. Swedish railroads arc .hc
cheapest, the difference being seven
to one,
Last ycnr the railroads Of this coun.
try paid sl1s. d5o.0sp IN interest on
their bonds and $50, 3ao,sii In divi-
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

The belief is expressed by many who ore in
position to know that the time Ia not far
distant when the great falls Of Shoshone, the
Niagara OF tho Snake River Of Idaho, will DO
used 10 supply power for manufacturing and
otter purposes:
New Developments ip tho scheme 10 operate
an electric railroad GclwAeh shoshone aud
the falls tend 10 confirm that belief, D.,
Negotiations have been In progress tot
somc time regarding this road, and, recently,
State Treasurer Hill received letter from u
New York capitalist, who became interested
In the ehtefpfiso some time ago, saying he
was satisfied money could be raised, not only
tobuild and operate tho road, but To Pit IN
an extensive electric plant To furnish power
aor aa,nes NM mnnoiactclies when tne same
soon rs sufficient power was assured.
The length OF the proposed electric railway
will DO forty mics, and II 1t DO built, sho
shone Falls I'll shortly become one OF tho
leading summer resorts Of the West-irrfgd-
ton Agt.
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04
tcsoraloIry MADE sY VINO.



Your House with Incandssosnts.
New York Press: Mr. j. A. Corcoran
Of Jsrsey City has just completed
novel experiment In the application ofa
windmill to an electric lighting plant
The plant though an experimental
bue, n how in operation without IS
yet sihele mishap, and tho storage
cells furnish current tot twenty
four incandescent lamps In Mr. corco.
FANS residence. Everything points to
tf5 S6thriete success Of the scheme.
The mill has diaiAetst Of eighteen
feet and at speed Of twsity miles
an hour 10 capable Of delivering three
horse power The dynamo driven by
belt froih the main gear charges set
1f Storage batteries. II IA 80 designed
that throughout the wide variations TX
speed Of the windmill 1t maintains the
potential constant Nj, coreotan
says that the application Of windmill
70 run the dynamos oi<.an electric
lighting plant will place electricity in
the homes Of thousands who can thus
secure their motive rover from nature
A windmill is not very costly strife
ture' ana any one VINO owns i" o'' u
open lana ABOUT MS res'aehce Gun
erect one ana mt up ms simple e'ee'rf
cal apparatus inside OF II the 'hou'
.anos - W'nah'i's one see IN aa
'ne over '"e country II Mr' Io.cora"
scne%o proves permanent success
may NC ".i,Lea Tor hght'hg inc resi-.
uenoss " .he OWNERS anu ,noso Oh
'neM ncis" oors, 10 weit 10 arrwing
wv III s'oss. ons w'nu' WIN
~ VI . ''Aen 'es'''n''' ~ vi"
s" NV. r-~ -
~ ma'no IN VT Norcor Us VIM
mn. oocuP'cs hoor spaeo ., guy
.n,'Y i mS square anu ni'ecn 'hcnes
high' INC dynamo mas maximum
curreh. caPse''y oi 'h'r.y' h'o aniPereS
az ,h,r.y.nve voiu aha pu. in.o
~S"" "..~ 49, 'fNN" 80 Wv"
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04
Tn. wake voh. Him to Life.

Tho particulars Of an extraordinary
case Of trance, which was mistaken
for death. are published by the Irish
Times A young man. aged 22.
named Garrigan. living at Ballina-
ciee. near Oldcastle. was believed to
have died: lis had been aiiing 70.
some time, and all tho appearances
Of death were shown. SO that ma
doubt Of his dcccaso was entertained.
Tho usual wake preparatory to burial
was begun. and u number OF neigh
boris had arrived at tho house to
share tho night watches Suddenly
signs Of animation wcre. observed In
tho apparently liielcss body. Five
minutes later It was clcar that tho
young man had boon In . trance and
was on tho way to recovering his
ScnsoA Tho occurrence created q
great sensation. Many OF those
present fed from tho house and
would not return. All wore deeply
moved and the scene for some timo
was one OF intense excitement
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

The mistletoe is by no means, even
In q state OF nature. raro plant In
modern times 1t is regularly cult
vatcd, tho viscous seed, II carefully
placed In notch in many treo- barks,
sprouting with ease, though It's
growth Is extremely slow. But trees
selected Tor this crop are soon inca
pable OF producing any other; for.
the sap being intercepted by the
roots OF the parasite. the proper
ripening Of the fruit is prevented.
and the tree Is killed. Hence little
by little the trade In this distinctive
feature Of Christmastide has been
drifting over the channel. where
either land is cheaper or apple trees
are less valued.
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04
from Great Fall. eastward over . Wild,

from Great Falls eastward over 4 wild,
dssolate country, and in the direction
o. the old y. 8. army post, 81. Masen.
nis,. Some 10 miles from the fort the
Indian led Sherafd Up mountain peak
and pointed to l spot whore hs sAid he
w Y tot H. h. \, H|u;st. ard sold-is wa
he quickly marked the spot 10 thst
be could not possibly lose it again, and
hurried back 70 Great Falls.
"You hays often heard me speak q
the lost mine, Gilt EdgB,," said, 6hst0i
ore afternoon a. he walked into til
ONCE Of Mr.. Timothy Il. Collins Of the
First National bank Of Great Falls.
Certainly l have" replied Mr.. COL
liIsr 1Havs you found Il ssainf" :,
1haye;;n, lacohic.lly answered ehef-
ard, "and here are the proofs"
Mr., Collins gascd in amaxsmspt v
the big pile Of rich quartz which ehst.,
ard showeted upon his desk. WithiS
IN hour stock company was formed
TO work tho mine.
Mr.. Collins had friend or two that
he let into the secret, and they took
stock with him in the company. Of
the twenty stockholders only two were
eastern men. These were Robert A.
Ammon, Of Friend 4 House, and Hen
~ Macdonald, Of No. IA W. oath
Street.; New York City; The capital
stock 81 the new concern WAS placed
At $3.50, 900, and ii was Immediately
all taken up. Not = single share is
for sale, and it will not be, for the
company thinks that II has . sure for
tune IN its hands and IL does. not pro.
pose TO divide IL with anybody ottsidS
the twenty people who originally put
the, money up to develop the mine.
To-day there stands at the mine 1
800 900 plant, and although the mino
has olny JUST Dcen opened, the plant
has already paid the cost.
Within mile Of It the Spotted
Horse mine has been discovered; and
it is already paying property. Be;
tween the two mines the Aourishing
town Of Gilt Edge has been founded.
Its first house was built May rs, 1893.
Now it has population Of 1900 and
has $50 houses, % stores, IL saloons, q
newspaper and many gambling houses.
Robert A. Ammoh returned Jester
day from his new fortune maker. He
brought with him 1 lot Of golden mug:
gets, which he has been presenting to
his friends. Accompanying him was
Mr.. Collins, who with Marcus DAILY,
Erastus Wiman and several other
guests were entertained last night at
Mr.. Ammon's home on Staten Island.
M Y. Journui
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

n your nearest, best and most sstsemsd
neighbors bad writtnn tho following lettsrs
thoy could DO no moro worthy Of your con-
ndsnce than they now sre, coming, - they
do, from we'll known, intelligent and trust
worthy eisiIsns Who, IN th.ir ssysrai nst.hs,
respect Of all
Mrs Y. L. Inman, Of Manton, Wexford
Co, Mich, who's portrait heads this article,
writes a follows: ~ began taking DR..
Pisros's Fayorits Prescription about . year
ago For Year, havs suffered with falling
aud liberation Of tho womb, but to-day, !
am enjoying porfec: health.
took four bottles Of tho Prescription
and two Of DR.. fierco's Golden Medical Dis
covery. Every lady suffering from female
weakness should try tho Prescription and
Golden Medical Discovery"
Mis- Mary J. Tanner, North Lawrence,
b. Lawrence Co, N. Y, writes IL was
sick for four Year,. For two years could
do no work. Ind nve different physicians,
who pronounced my csre = poor or ifnpov.
erisbad condition 81 tho blood, and uterine
both pidss, and much tenderness ON pressing
over tho womb. ] bioatsd at times In my
bowels and limbs was troubled with leu.
corrhra. I could not sleep, and was troub.
lei with palpitntion OF tho heart, Suffered
. great deal Of pain IN my bead, temples.
fofchrnd ana rych 4 nan = uoup'eom~
cough, raised n great deal and At times OF.
perlenccd n good deal Of pain In my chest
and lungs Ny voice at times was very weak.
suffered 1xrruciating monthly, periodical
pains Since taking tryen bottles Of DIR.
fi-rer's Favorit. Prescription some tlmo ago,
I have enjoyed bcttrr health than have Tor
more than four years prrviousiy In fact,
for several months past have been able 70
work Al saving. have gained In weight
thirty. uipo pounds since taking your mrdl.
cine. tho tarcn-ns and pain have diaap.
peas~i" Yours truly.
@~yl%&,," MT,
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04
A SMART DOG.
Was Aikali. Hat His Master Caught Hin
knocklnR Down,

Was Alkali. Hut His Master Caught Hin
Knocking Down.
I'll my memory serves me. Alksli
was about three years Old when /
sold out the Kentucky farm and won't
TO Philadelphia to settle UP s6me
legal business WITH 4 lawyer who
eharged me ninety per cent for his
services In settling up an ESTATE. l
went to live In that part Of the town
called West Philadelphia, and rode
down town every morning. leaving
word with Alkali TO follow me about
two hours lator with any letters that
might como after loft
Trust himp Well; colonel, there
are very few men In this, world that
l would trust as would that dog,
and I'm not casting any personal re-
Election, either. At the end OF a
month every conductor on that line
knew my dog. always gave him six
cents to pay his fare with and he rode
on the front platform with the driver.
One mornin' when l was going down
to that scoundrelly lawyers office
the greatest liar on top Of Garth,
oolonel-the driver says to me:
What's become o. that dog o. yoursp
Haven't seen him for week.
That's strange said l.; he hasn't
failed to be at the place I 70 to any
day since I've been In the town.
Guess I'll watch him tomorrow.
And did.
''Instead OF taking . car I waited
In doorway for couple OF hours
until I SOC Alkan coming out OF
house with a bundle Of letters and
tho six cents wrapped up In paper Id
his mouth. Instead Of taking the
car he used TO take he scoots down
TO another limo, and | after him. He
gcts on the front platform and on
the back. See you got . dog for
passenger. says l. Yes says the
conductor; he's boon ridin' down
with me, now for week. Always
carries bundle OF letters and six
cents' That's to pay his fare,
suppose. says !. SO 1t Is. says the
conductor; but what's the use OF
giving him six cents whom the fare
on this line is only q nickel?'
Colonel. you could a. knocked
me down with collar button. l
saw the whole thing At once. That
dog had found out somehow or other
how he could save cont, so he just
knocked down on mo. watched the
rascal after he got of and saw him
go to cake stand and buy a dough-
nut This he took a bite OF and took
the rest and pushed 1t through
grating. looked down and saw
there was little dog with newly-cut
cars Alkali thought no was locked
up for some ofTense and had boon
feedin' him for week.
THAT dog was q great loss to me.
You know no wouldn't ride In any
thing but parlor or q sleeping car.
and one day he tried to jump on a
moving train, near Chicago. and Tell
under the wheels and was killed
Let's 60 over and look at them mon
grels with tho short legs"
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

This IL An athletic age. Everybody wants to be
strong. The eraxe-for It has well nigh reached
that siagc-aneets both sexes nhd even childhood
The pugilistie phase Of this fad In young Ameri.
CO 10 by no means morally promising. But II 10
to be sandowrd with muscle. Super museularity
II often induced by physical effort pcriiou. to
health and calculated 10 shorten life. The vifor
which mean. a regular and efiieiehl discharge 81
the physical functions, 10 the hrsi medium At
which ell tnsy safely AIN, without causing rup
stomach Ditter- I. largely conducive To q gain IN
vgor Of this sort since IL stimulates and assists
digestion, promote. regular bilious secretion and
keeps the bowels IN order. Sleep. that grand ~.
cupcrAior OF nenou. ylgor, Il encouraged by H.
and II remedie, malarisi rheumatic aud kidney
trpubIe
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

The story ia nov htipg. told thst II was
Judge CALDWELL who pulled ths strings which
secured the rejection Of Wheeler II. Peskhnm
for Supreme Court Justice by tho United
States senste. II will be remembered that
when Caldwell al Little Rock appointed re.
cclieiS for the Atchison, Topeka Il Santa Fc
railway company there was great objection
raised to that appointment bt The Union
Trust Company OF New York, one u tho
principal creditors Of that railwSy company.
Mr.. Pcckham, A. attorney for TIL. trust corr.
tsny, sent brief and insulting telegram 70
Judge Caldwell, declaring that his company
would not reeognise that appointment. Csld-
we'll made no reply, but when Peckham's
domination was sent TO the scnntc by the
President, II Is said that Judge Caldwell sim
ply sent the telegram 70 an Influential senator
with whom he was acquainted and II was tho
circulation Of this telegram which changed
so many votes. The opinion Of those who
read the telegram wns that man with . tenn
per like Pcckhnm's did not possess tbs ju-
dIclsi mental poisc and temperament 1t 10
thought that the senator who received this
telegram Is Senator Wilson Of lows. Ilc ia n
member Of the judiciary committee Of the
Senate And voted against Pcckbam In the
committee and afterw ard.-Chicdgo Rscord.
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

"Favorits Prescription IL positive cure
for tbs most complicated and obstinate easss
Of lcuoorrhoa, sIosssivs flowing. painful ussn-
situation, unnatural supprsssions, and irree-
ularities, prolnpsus, or falling Of the womb,
weak back, female weakness" antsvsrston,
rutroversion, bearing down ssnsaiious, chrce.
10 congestion, Inflammation and ulcsratios OF
In ovari.a, accompanied with internal heat"
The Book nos pages. Illustrated, referred "
in plain snreiop~ for ten osnts In snamps, 10
ray postage. Write for Il. The Book psinss
out the means 81 successful Home nreahnsns
for all the peculiar wsaknsssss and dAsefsanine
tiissasss incident 10 women. Addrsa Worl6e
Dirpsn.ary Medical Association. lnvalSdf
Hoi.l and Surgical Institute, Buffalo. n. Z.
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

The "Goid Miner 10 the namo Of n new 10
page monthly paper recently started In Den.
YER. II ain. to give condensed report aud
summary 81 all tho principal mining events
Of the month. devoting especial attention to
the new gold strikes. The subscription price
for Ave cents In stamps. Address Gold Miner
Denver
The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1894-05-04

Auntio-Wcll. did Uncle George
tell you nm interesting story.
Little Niece. from Boston--Ycs,
auntie. II was full Of delightful won
ders; but some visitors called and
l hadn't time TO inquire whether It
was u fairy tale or q theosophical
hypothesis