The herald., 1894-10-28


them to become citizens. acquiring the
right OF suffrage. when their votes
would become important in elections
and their prosecutions in great part con.
verted into kindly solioita tion."
And no better endore ement OF the
treaty. exists than lie found in the pub
lished statement that it cid not receive
the support OF senator Hoar, who in 3
speech delivered in the senate on March
/, 1882, declared that the Chinaman
who obeya the law is entitled ''to 60
everywhere on the surface of the earth
that his welfare may require"
I might add to what have said re-
garaing the treaty that there is pros
vision whereby it is stipulated that this
government will furnish to China lies
OF American residents in that empire
other than lsborere and includ-
ing missionaries. This is designed
to operate as specific notice
of the presence of our citizens.
and thus to procure them additional i'm
munity and to provide for them addi-
ticaa safeguards. The people of Cali
forIrSa will find after this treaty has
been in operation for q reasonable time
that Mr.. Cleveland is now as he
Away has been. the ardent opponent OF
Chinese ! N migration, Republican em-
ployers OF Chinese to the contrary not
withstsndtag.
THE FOREIGN POLICY OF CLEVELAND AND
HARRISON CoNTRAsTED.
Much has been said with reference to
the attitude of the preoent administra-
ton concerning Hawaiian affairs. 1 do
not propose to thoroughly investi~
gate this subject tonight, beacuse q
thorough examination of the matter
would involve more time than you can
afford to spare. On February 2lst OF
this year | made quite full sta tement
concerning this matter and attempted to
give the decisions of COURTS and the opin-
ions of publicists concerning the princi.
pies involved in this controversy. 1t is
sufficient Tor me to cay now that Mr..
Harrison, having been defeated for re-
election, attempted to negotiate treaty
with certsin gentlemen who had sue
ceeded, with the aid of the American
minister, in dethroning Liliuokalani,
the queen OF the Hawaiian islands. pro-
viding for the annexation of those islands
to the United States, and this treaty
was submitted to senatorial considers>
ton but few days before the termna-
ton OF Mr.. Harrison's incu.nbency. He
was unable to obtain a ratification OF
his project by that Republican senate.
Such treaty should never have been
submitted by MIR. Hsrrison; first, be-
cause he was about to leave his Office in
response to o judgment of expulsion
rendered by the American people; sec
ondly, because there was no proof that
the majority of those who inhabited
the territory proposed to ps annexed
were or would become desirable citizens
OF this republic; THIRD, because there
was no evidence that the people OF those
islands wished to submit themselves to
the Jurisdiction of the United States.
The mere fact that Mr.. Harrison had
been defeated should have suggested
to him the propriety of leaving the de-
cision OF this momentous question to
his successor in office; but he
attempted to railroad his project
through in order that he might
embarrass his successful presidential
competitor. He had delivered to Mr..
Cleveland nearly empty treasury, and
he desired TO add to this legacy treaty
annexing the Hawaiian islands. have
said that We could not afford to bring
within our confines the population con-
tanned within this group. That populR-
ton, according to the report OF Mr..
Blount opp. 60-6l) and which has been
conceded to be correct by all, demon
strates that the islands contain: Ameri-
cans, 1928; natives and half-castes,
1853; Chinese, 15,305; Japanese,
1880; other foreigners, 1924. Care
ful investigation has justified the aessr.
tion that less than 1000 of the aggregate
Hawaiian adult inhabitancy are capable
of understanding, even to a moderate
extent, the duties OF American citizen
chip. | am opposed TO extending
the privileges of citizenship to
those who are not qualified to enjoy it.
| recognize that even now we are rather
too liberal in that regard. | do not
think it very patriotic. prudent or
American to bring within cur confines
fifty odd thousand people of whom
hardly per cent possess the qualities
tions for ordinary republican citizenship.
do not think that the time has arrived
when our intelligent voters are in favor
OF broadening our naturalization laws,
and il we do not believe in extending
them, how can we justify legislation
which will, without any effort in natur-
alization, add from 10000 to 40, 1000 ig-
ncrant and unappreciative voters to our
| registers? In the next place, Mr.. Stew
ems, who was the minister to these
islands under Mr.. Harrison, and by
whose efforts the American flag was
raised without authority of law, in a
epeeoh made in the city of Boston on
November %, 1898, ridiculed the con-
tention that the people of those islands
should have been consulted before
annexation was suggested. He iuatifss
his position because OF the fact that the
people were not qualified to pass upon
the subject. He seems to think that
only those who are alien to Hawaiian
soil should be interviewed upon a sub
! iect which pertained to the existence Of
Hawaiian independence. The testimony
OF all of the leading annexaticnirts is
that II the question OF annexation was
submitted to popular vote the propo-
aition would be defeated. No one ap-
pears to have doubted this. Speaking
for myself alone, l am free 20 Hey that
will never vote to annex any island or
ielands, or states to this republic, un-
less believe that the people affected
favor aucii annexation. We base our
right to sovereignty upon the will of our
citzens. The Declaration OF IndepeDd-
| ence maintains in eloquent terms the
same doctrine. All of our leading
writers upon international law have
considered it to be sxiomatic that an
nexation cannot be considered
by this republic unless it is
clearly shown that the people whose
national individuality is to be extin