Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1894-08-04

EVERY country IN the world which pci1eS
| Itself on its standing in surgery has con-
! tfiEuteG to this reDiartabte collection,
| which is now a Worirs fair of IaraDher-
| MALTA for che painful Dat kind hand of the
| engineer who keeps our rachanisms in re-
| pair. Immediately upon the creation OF a
| new device in the world Of surgica, instru-
/ nent making a specimen Is purchased for
! tie museum. II the manufacturer does not
! voluntarily contribute. Many nnlnusac-ur-
| ers are wise CT ousE 90 appreciate ,ae v.!lu.
! OF the Advertisement which L case Of fine
/ Instruments presents TO the prominent
! medical rGs1 who visit the Ilstituion
! from all parts Of tae world. so Cacle sam
/ is thus saved considerable money. Nhrr
! Or. LhliIss returns from his trip abroad
! where lie IS cleaning ir:o:ma zion ior army
| surgeons, he. will ada many in;ecc ting
! foreign inventions to this collection.
Nashington - now becoming the Sic, n.
i1r Iis!!2ll Usr. lIt very feS OF tho.e
v no rare E=t-r been here have any ijcl
o. tHe advance wAi.a ! rsr.iy aeilg IN
III Instrument d,sieH.ng. The .iey ada.
ions 20 re eyr. tit T.-atcssa.it tae latc.-
Ge'@.- t.nJlss n this n, AMI mark a
| tc5iA2.Hs - an -n-t"iy now epo.a IN 1..e
s-vte " i-.stri.l .ats
Row that hIytcria-o.v has len reason
a-.y e%i--!lei the ...Y c:,G- cases q. ulJui
F5:s5Gli-G and tla n.y.. .-ri. g.: complications.
ms IN "lter one -.1-s have be- i,r-
1e..y Ii knives a1t r''.,. tools were a.,.i3-
FL with rubber. roJl.a or t.e.y nan. a..
which have In found l. Ole ..-I On.
t1-t.FS OF the t2t-'. ;. disease. g. ALI
~, ,.t, 70 t1tL aLSyr'. at aHt.t-ivS they have
prevented the user from washing aaE part
bat the b-aIe ~ the yjrirysa- solutions.
- Inc disease MS t.at eg-a been 4-. ~l..
away from The handles '!re n4aE Of a..
piy>l-.CE, after ae IS ra-L...a..l .a~; =
s-is.cjl operations, - t.r.n1. uli,.r liy
E:i-ros -Jqe ID b alive 'F..h ,u- germs OF
disease, vA'th are .'-,i-1ty cyaisr,ed -
q go:5ts handle
.usnusution MAID, Eaey.
But the new Instruments. vfg.a have
lately become the PRIDE OF the museums
siar. are 50 manufactures that they can
be properly cl-aneed. The are c1eh one
a solid piece Of p5~-hei steel. and IN
cases where we.sht would impede the skill
OF The operator the handles are made hol-
lev. Even tae saws, Which were never h.
face known to have handles Of metal. are
Eow IN one SOLID pee Of steel. Zach Of
L -se tools must he Liyeu q tjchi Al =" or
carSo.ic eCid hath atter being ue"l aud
great precautiJu must he yal,na aaain.l
IGst, which would prove y better clH3r.ct,,r
OF diseAse germs than wDrli the oii
handles.
The most Interesting aud advanced ap-
pirit4S among hc recent arrivals at the
museum is the ostastJu1e. Which is TIE
Ia test device for m king aulpu;atiln less
painful operation. The ostCJt"rHc Vas par
picated instrument is sc1r,e a foot long.
ard is composed of q series If cog vi. els.
winch lit II Z frame work res tn. ling Il
common hand saw. with n handle a. ,,I.e
end. At the Side Of tEn INSTRUMENT Il small
crank works on bail ana socket Joint,
Wnich prevents unnecessary jdrl.u-, and
, which when retclvcd, moves an endless
cAstn OF miniature saw ii 'Jes. linked skill
fully to~ether. At that cad o. the machine
c corresponding to the point Of a saw two
! hooks are reeenlatei 10 hold any part OF
IL ~. r..
these hold the bone tightly III their Crasss
the endless chain Of So" aIcs IS brought
N contact with the bone. and its elasticity
holds 1t IN close CCntuct vita the s:.rGa,s
while the saving is beng performed. THIS
marvellous invention, which regulates itsslf
70 Hold The saw ana bone IN proper contact,
d7e5 away with t-rriEg. Now that the
most soothing an2e5jhctlCS are employed
t. benumb the sense, arphtgtjon IS per
formed without the =. ltcs, pam. tEa suf-
feriAs beng always arreriehcai after the
member has been GetI he'd.
They EIci>cd rud sut.
A comparison of the ancient methods of
treating shattered lirab With the mod
ecn presents an interesting history OF pro
gress. II the days when the Roman braves
we're cut or lIacel in the hattleaalG ant
p1tatioa was unknown. Had such an arr
been dreamed OF, perclauca the gods would
have sent the'r son Achilles back INTO the
.iJody fray, nobblin; on peg. in tresu
oil days, " hen an extremity W,,S.H:ouuuel,
il WIS tightly bounI q bov.. the 1acelation
to prevent circulation and after ihc pa
tent had lain thus. Wri,hins; IN a agony for
many mon tbs, the para gradually became
mortified ana fell off. T. -aer AMI chlo.uform
were unknown to the Surgical world Il hall
century ago, before which time, if any,
thing in that line Was administered the
/ patient was siyeh q good oose Of whisky,
which. it appears had I. soothing effect
even in these early days.
In England In the sixteenth century am
putation was generally knor'n, but was &C.
companied with all of the horrors of tor
ture. Most patients expressed the desire
to be KILLED rather than Undergo the IA
nous ag0nies of amputa ton, " hich, at this
time, was performed without any anaes-
thetic whatever.
In some countries after an amputati3n
was performed the stump OF the limb was
scalded in boiling oil. which was thought
to be a preventive for poison. Hot irons
were used to seal the veins as they made
their appearance during the cutting Am
broise Pare. one of the fathers of surgery.
did away with the scalding oil and applied
a cold bath instead. The recipe for thIs
bath, as it appears in his journal is 80
boil young puppies In oil of lethes rra-
p\red with arthWorm3, with oil OF enice"
He also introduced clamps for sealing the
VEINS. W wooden legs appear as luxury in
the sixteenth cen cury, while pegs were
common before that.
An old doctor, who seems to be n stand
ard authority in this period. dey oted work
to the detachment OF limbs. He says a sur
! SCoA Slpuii De a young man with almost
supernatural nerves, to control q steady
hand, and to render him needless of tho
hubbub made by his wailing victim
The patient should be kept on a diet for
| several days, after which he should be
| stretched out on board: minister should
| be called to buoy up his courage and his
relatives should be notified that ne is likely
to die at any minute. During the opera ton
| a very muscular man must be EMPLOYED
! to sit upon his body and hold his arms out
| straight. and another sit astride the iniur-
! ed limb, which he must bold in his hands
| and squeeze tightly to prevent the flow of
| blood or the awakening of the nerves
| About this time another doctor Invented
& machine for the amputation of fingers
| and toes. 1t consisted OF q pair Of large
| long pincers for holding the finger or toe
and maliet and chisel to cut it off.
| Instruments Old and New.
| An old revolutionary war case of surgical
| instruments IS the oldest link In the chain
of development represented in the museum
| These consist of a pair of amputating
knives. shaped precisely like sickles and
made of hardened iron. with soft wooden
| handles. There is pair Of bullet forceps,
| which Is nothing more complicated than q
| pair OF curling tongS, about half inch