davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

BUSINESS. One of the lead
ing business colleges of the country is
located at Fayette. Ohio. Its actual
business rooms are maryels of beauty.
1t is superior i'll advantages to the city
business colleges, while the expense is
only one-half to one-lhird as great. Its
courses are thorough; its methods the
best; and its graduates succeed. II re-
ceIves the praise of every studen, who
enters it. Do MOI delay, hut act. Write
for catalogue to the president of the
EGE.
II j. L. DODDs. Fayette, Ohio.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29
For Errier Journalism.

a committee from he Indiana year
Iy meeting OF Friends has issued CIR
Gular asking the press To cooperate
with then, in the suppression OF reports
OF scandallous news. We quote from
the circular:
We know that through the daily and
weekly columns OF the prrss. seed is
sown which brings forth fruit for good
or i'll. AS il mighty factor To this end
it has scarcely IL limit To It's power,
and that which it has already done for
good proves it's great influence to ele-
vate and guide the thousands of It's
strengthen and direct.
Let nothing hinder or retard it's
work. Cast out the evil that the good
reign, Advertisements which point TO
the gilded crime, details ot most unholy
acts, personal and pictorial notices
which are incentives to the violation of
the higher law-let all OF these be
thrown aside, giving their space to bet
ter things.
May not the cheering fact that jour
nalism has already done so much lead
to the hope that more and more it may
become the hope of those whose bleak
lives are SO much controlled by what
its columns present?
Let Us together hail the advent of
that day which will produce bright,
unsullied sheet for every home.
The JOURNAL is pleased TO be able
TO say that, under its present manage
menL, We have relrained from any ref
erence 10 such reports as are men,
toned in lhe circular. Our efforts has
been 10 publish a CLEAN JOURNAL,
aud one that can be taken into the
household and be read by every mem
ber of the family without causing II
blush TO the most reiued lady.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

Au exchange truthIully says The
poor little quail once more gets IL rest
II is really cruel TO shoot these ipno-
cent birds, which are the best friends
tho farmer has.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

Aftor reading the daily papors one is
led to wondsr what the world is coming
to, Every paper contains long lists of
divorce notices. It's becoming quite
the fashion lately, but what IL sad fash
ion il is.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29
wOMAN'S RELIEF CORPS.
A Chance tor nustIers.

We want live, wide-awalie canvass
ers to represent the JOURNAL in this
and adjoining counties, in connection
with the National Newspaper Union.
The work is new, popular, and very
profitable, requiring neither capital or
previous experience. 1t is worth look
ing after, and if you want a real good
thing in the way of light, pleasant and
profitable employment it will pay you
to investigate this at once. There is
money in it for hustlers. Write for full
particulars To
THE NATIONAL CO..
35f St. Louis, Mo.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

w. + Il tdley is the newly appoint
ed SIT r'l ,end ,ut or the Toledo, Ann
Aruor & North Michigan railroad.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

The only mile of 80 foot rail in Ohio
Is on the Columbus Hooking Valley X
Toledo IL. II. AMI is six miles north of
Marion. The rails being 60 feet in
length arc just twice the ordinary
rails, aud are "a pounds TO the yard.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

For rheumatlsm have found nothing
equal to Chamberlains Pain Balm. II
relieves the pain ,ts soon as applied, j.
w. Young West Liberty, w. Va. The
prompt relief il affords ID alone worth
many times the cost so cents. Its con-
tinued use will effecta per manent cure.
For sale by A. II. Champney, druggist.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

:. DECEMBER 20, 1894
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29
sccrnt soclctN Electlnns.

Secret Society Elections.
Maumee secret societies elected Off
GERS for the ensuing year ;ls follows:
NORTHERN LIGHT LODGE, r. Il a. NJ.
w. NV. $. Swan.
$. We. w, Rhonehouso.
j. w. Joseph Hahn.
Secretary-J. f.. Wilcox.
Treasurer-G. II. Blalter.
S. DIS. w. Cass.
j. D.-J. c.. Binkley.
Tyler-Rlchard Kane.
a banquet was served after the IN
stallation, and the members enjoyed a
most pleasant evening.
~.
CHAS. b. MITCHELL POST G. a. r.
Commander-O. N. Gum.
Sen. Vice Conn.,. Richardson.
Jun. - {. G.. III. BlalSer.
Quartermaster-T Brown.
Officer OF the Day-B. Hahn.
Guard-Wm. Spaulding
Chaplain-F. Hamilton.
Delegate to State Enc pm IA. Alius
Alternate-G. Fl. Blaker.
Trustee--John Mollenkopf.
~
WOMAN'S RELIEF CORPS.
President-Sarah Gum.
Sen. Vice Pres Eliza Gum
Jun. - g Elizabeth Cummers.
Treasurer-Hattie Clark.
Chaplain-Eva Brown.
Conductor--E Hinish.
Guard-Anna Phillips.
Del. to State Conv.-Hattie Clark.
Alternate-Sarah BluSley
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

The fifth annual farmers institute
will be held at B. c., Friday and Sat
urday of this week. Mayor Haskell
will deliver address OF welcome, and
speeches will be made by other promi.
nent people of the State. An interest
ing session is promised.
On Saturday last the people OF School
Dist. No. /, Perrysburg, Ohio, were
called upon to decide by ballot whether
the Board of Education should issue
$4,000 in bonds for the purpose OF
erecting new school building in Per-
rysburg. There were several people
who made special efforts to defeat the
measure, some OF whom were honest in
their belief that it was not the best
thing TO do; while others made bitter
fight against it aud used every argu-
ment to defeat the project, but utterly
sailed in their designs The ballot re-
sCatted in 49, votes Tor the project with
l2S votes against, thus giving Il major
ity OF 81 votes in favor of Issuing the
bonds.
The Board of Education and friends
OF the measure are much pleased over
the result and the contract for the
erection Of the new building will prob
ably be awarded before the close of the
week
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29

DIR. Prices Cream taking Powoer
Worlds Fair Highest NIcdaI and Diploma.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1894-12-29
rrnIsoh ,yhrn.yer ,iash.

G. l.. Seaver, of Birmingh am, Conn.
says: "For building up weak or de-
bilitated constitution, know OF moth
ing 80 sure and good as DR.. Kennedy's
Favulite Remedy. 1t makes flesh and
strengthens the body" lib
DR.. Prices Cream BaI<;ng Powoer
Worlds Fair Highest McdaI and Diploma.
Licenses.
Wm. Hastings aud Lottie Pelton.
W. j. Qusuu aud Merle Nj. Shelter.
Il. A. SLaddard and Carrie Chal,en.
Ernest Matthews and Bertha Frank
father.
Robert S. Pylcs and Julia M. Eberly.
Porter Nj. Willis and Mabel a. Hor-
ner.
M. l.. Burgoon aud Mary Sworden.
NJ. S. FluhertY and Margaret Rick
ard.
John Ganol and Tsador Il Johnson.
Noah Stoner and Maggie Smith.
Walter Clay and Blanche [. Smith.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16

The %Spar.anburg Herald has inform
alton that Justice-elect Gary has re-
sisted all efforts Of Governor Tillman
to discover in advance his opinion on
the ~dispensary Law. The Herald's in.
formation might be taken as correct If
it we're NOS reasonably certain that
Governor Tillman has scarcely gone to
the trouble to make such inquiries.
The Governor is probably aware that
the ~dispensary law was 10 a large
measure a thug of Jus,ice-elect Gary's
manufacture. The Juetice-elect was
then presiding officer Of the Senate and
when the heated fight over the bill oc-
Cured daring the closing days Of the
session Of the General Assembly in 1872
his rulings and his votes whenever ties
on amendments or other subsidiary
questions gave him an opportunity 20
vote we're steadily and, We think, with
out exception in the bills favor. Mr..
Gary has committed himself as
thoroughly 10 sympathy Nth the dis
pensary Law and the only hope that be
would sgree With Justices Mc1ver and
McGowao would be founded 90 the
meager possibility that his opinions have
undergone a remarkable change.-Co.
lumbia Journal.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
From The Freeman.

Wild Man In The Woods.
About five miles northeast of Sum-
ter is a tract of land known as the
"Tom Baker tract" This land-2W
acres-is some distance away from any
public road and covered with thick
underground ia many places. Run
ming through lisa dense bay known
as sHook Bay" Some few years ago
wild hogs and turkeys were plentiful
there but were gradually exterminat-
ed by people in the neighborhood who
were bold enough to invade their dark
abodes. Even now the place is said to
be full of rattlesnakes and extremely
lonely and dismal. Few people pass
that way except negroes who are n
gagged in cutting and hauling logs for
Mr.. Joel E. Brunson.
Now we come to the strange part OF
the story. Last week a negro who
drives for Mr.. Brunson was passing
through this country and when near
sHook Bay was startled to see a man
standing just on the edge of the
thicket. He appeared to be a white
man, with a long, shaggy beard, very
dark skinned and without hat or cloth
ing, with the exception of roll of
grey moss around his neck, from which
hung down a covering of moss to about
his waist. Around the waist was a
similar roll, from which was suspend
ed moss that came nearly to his knees.
The negro was very much frightened
and stopped his team, %whereupon the
"wild aud woolly" %inhabitant Of the
forest disappeared in the shades of the
bay. Negroes in the neighborhood
are very much stirred up over the
identity of this mysterious parsonage
and many of them think he is a verita-
BILE wild man. Mr.. Frank Wrinkles
visited the place but on account OF the
dense underbrush, could find no traces
of the being. He and Mr.. B. d. Mitch
ell both say that the driver is a
reliable fellow and must have seen
something upon which to base his
story.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
Thief Caught.

Some few weeks ago an advertisement ap-
peared in this paper for a Cow stolen from
Ned Miller, of Jordan neighborhood- The
thief has been caught and his name is Will
Love, a negro who worked for the butchers
here some time ago.. The following is a
sketch of his recent performances
he stole a hog from Mr.. Bradwell and sold
1t to Mr.. Barwick, and on being caught up
with he mor,gaged his furniture for 81 to
reimburse Mr.. Barwick. He then stole Mil
ler's COW and carried it to Manning and sold
it to 8 butcher there. He then went TO
Florence, where on information sent from
here to the Sheriff I've was arrested, aud at
that time had in his possession another COW,
which proved to be the property OF Col. Ash
lev, who lives about three miles from
Florence. Sheriff Sanders now has Love in
Jail al this place.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16

A Sau Francisco physiciau makes
the following statement: "A man that
smokes 100 cigarettes a day. inbaling
them, takes 100 grains Of opium,
There is 10 question about it: Analy-
sis has proved it. In addition to the
poison of the nicotine. he takes in each
cigarette the deadly narcotic, opium.
No cigarette that | have ever heard Of
is free from opium. That is where the
soothing effect from the inhalation
comes 10. Beyond question. the boy
that smokes cigarettes stunts bis
growth, wrecks his nerves. Weskens his
beart-a1d kidneys long before be reach
es manhood"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
How's b

We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward for
any case of Caiarrh that cannot be cured by
Halls Catarrh Cure.
FL. CHENEY, l. Co., Props, Toledo, 0.
We ee undersigned, have known FL. Che
ney for the last Is years, and believe him per-
fectly honorable in all business transactions
and financially able to carry out any obliga-
tons made by their firm.
West& Truax, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, O.
Walding, Kinuan l. Marvin Wholesale Drug
gists, Toledo, O.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken internally,
acting directly upon the blood and mucous
surfaces of the system. Price, 75c. per bot
tie. Sold by all Druggists. Testimonials
free. May I'm.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16

Cbina's Soda is the best, and every one
should test il.
Where is that crowd going? To China's
Drug Store for some Of that ine Soda Water.
If you owe Wiuburn, the photographer,
anything, you vii! oblige him by paying
the same at once.
$500 pieces of Sheet Music at loo each,
or II pieces for 81. If sent by mail, lc each,
extra. Write for catalogue Address Ken
nedy's Book Store, Sumter, S. C.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16

SAFE or DaTHT " CYtfttuouS " A"1o"Seu''"Y
Liquors mahin tie Corporate limits Of the
City Of Sumter, S g., and to punish rioIa-
tons Of tie sane"
WHEREAS the Supreme Cour, of the State of
South Carolina has recently declared the Dis
pensary law, unconstitutional, and in q more
recent decision has declared that Licenses for
the sale OF spiri,uous or intoxicating liquors
cannot be granted by any City or Town
Council in this State. Now, therefore,
Be- it Ordained by the Mayor and Aldermen
Of the City of Sumter, in Council assembled
and by the authority of same:
SECTION /. That from and after the pas
sage and publication of this Ordinance, 1t
shall be unlawful for any person or persons,
or firm or corporation to engage in the sale or
barter of spirituous or intoxicating liquors
within the corporate limits of the City of
Sumter, and any person or persons or hrm or
corporation, who violate the provisions or
nurposes of this Ordinance, may upon con-
vic,ion thereof, before the Mayor or City
Council, be fined, not exceeding the sum of
Fifty dollars, or be imprisoned in the City
nrison not exceeding thirty days, for each
offence. =
SECTION 2. That the Police force OF the City
of Sumter, are hereby instructed and required
10 give strict attention TO the enforcement
of this Ordinance TO see hat the unlawful
sale or barter of such liquors is stopped, and
to use ali diligence in preventing the same.
Done and ratified in City Couacll
and under the Corporate Seal OF the CITY OF
Sumter, this 18th day of May, A: ~ 1894.
B. g. PERSON,
C. NJ. Hurst, Mayor.
- Clerk l. Treasurer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
The Diocesan Convention.

As a matter Of interest to our readers who
ike 10 keep up with The news Of the churches,
We give the following resume of the work OF
the late Convention Of the Episcopal Church
in the Diocese of South Carolina which met
in Columbia last week.
On the day before, the Diocesan branch OF
the Wouan's Auxiliary met in the Sunday
School room Of Trinity Church, after divine
service and a sermon by the Rev. John Ker-
shaw. The annual reports were read aud
addresses delivered by Bishop Capers, the Rev.
Kersbaw. There were attendants from six
parochial branches at this meeting, and the
officers ard members felt much encouraged
by the showing made.
On Wednesday morning after service, and
q sermon by the Rev. 5. B. Williams, OF
Georgetown, who was the appointed preach
er, the Convention was duly organized, a
quorum of both orders being present.
The Bishops address on Thursday morn
ing was very iull and contained an able and
encouraging review of the work Of the last
year, and the condition of the Church.
Among other things the Bishop commended
highly the paper "TAe Diocese" published
IN this city by the Rev. john Kesshaw. He
reported tina, in sheseighi months of his ssr-
wee he had confirmed 1914 PERSONS, though he
had not gone over the entire Diocese.
The more important acts of legislation were
the 6rst adoption of the revised Constitution
Of the Church in this Diocese, and the adop-
ZION Of q new Canon or Missions, by which
the Diocese is divided into four missionary
districts instead Of three as before. Another
change rassto make communicants alone ELI
gibIe as delegates to Convention, and still
another was to change the word "Gonven-
tionu TO eCouncil," so that hereafter abe
meeting win be called "The Diocesan Coan-
eil.'
Camden was selected as the next place Of
meeting.
sCosnnabiaas hospitality vas ~assounded.
All who attended we're provided With places
without cost to themselves, and the people
WED With one another to make it pleasant for
their visitors
This was the lo4,h annual session of the
Convention.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16

The Florence Messenger nominates
Judge Hudson for governor. The
Messenger seems to think that Josh
Hudson made the Dispense to stand
still as Joshua Of old made the sun do
likewise -Edgefeld Advertiser.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
Go to D. NJ. Campbells for ice cold me

OO 10 u. VI. OauPoeI!S iNe Co'u
China's Soda is cold and fine, ADD good
enough to quiet any ones mind.
large assortment of % and soc Music
Books and Musical Instructor at Kennedy's
Book Store.
What are all of those bicycles doing in
from, of China's store? The riders rie inside
enjoying that good Soda and Ice Sherhr's.
$500 pieces of l0c Shee, Music. CAta-
logue free at. Kennedy's Book Store.
Call or write and get a catalogue Of 10c
Shee, Music, Music Book aad Instructor fer
Piano. Organ and every kind Of instrument
from Kennedy's Book Store.
Something that has long been needed and
can uow be bad, a full lice OF l0c Sheet
Music and Music Book. Catalogue free upon
application, ut Kennedy's Book Store.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
Masters Sales.
BIZ j. E. deyuey, Auctioneer.
State Of South Carolina,
COUNTY OF SUMTER,

In THE CouRT OF COMMON PLEAS.
PURSUANT to the judgments and order
of the Court aforesaid, s~everally made in the
following entitled cases, | will offer for sale
at Public Auction, before the Court House
in The City of Sumter, County and State
aforesaid on the FIRST MONDAY in
JUNE, next, (being the 4th day of
said mon,h, between the hours of eleven
o'clock in the forenoon and FIVE o'clock in
afternoon Of said day, the real estate in each
case described, on the terms in each case
specified.
In the case of Maude C. Sdomons-
Plaintiff, against Susan Peters
Defendant.
That lot of land in the City Of Sumter in
said county and STATE, represented as 81" on
u plat, dated February, 1891, made by d. D.
Noise, G.. E., and recorded on page 636 in
Book "CCC' 10 the office Of the Register Of
Mespe Conveyance for said County !; said lot
being Il parallelogram in shape measuring
fortv-seven and six-tenths al 6-l0) feet on
each of its Eastern and Western boundary
lines and one hundred and fifty feet on its
Northern and Southern boundary lines each:
Bounding on the North 90 what is desig.
mated on said map as "Solomons Street, to
the East on lot numbered $50" on said map /;
on the South on lot numbered ''2" on said
map, and TO the West on Sumter
Street." of said city.
Terms-Casb. Purchaser TO pay for papers.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
so the "reminiscences Of Sumter
County.

BRETHRKH: Choose We this day whom ye
will serve, either a man or set OF men, who
by decei,ful ar,;6ca will lead us into a bond
aye worse than slavery ever was, or our "
eonsciences which will elevate ns and bring
as back TO prosperity aud to the enjoyment
Of the mental faculties that an al1-wise Prov
sdeace has bestowed upon as.
lie, us rise above politics and discuss this
question of prohibition in relation to our
God. our conscienees and our church MEM
besship.
Brethren, remember one thing that before
We we're Tillmanites, Conservatives or what
else, the majority of US were members of the
Church of God. May be sorae Of us are
stewards, deaeons, or possibly elders in our
respective churches. God forbid THAT |
should end a fault with anyone in regard to
his politics or his preferences, but, shall we
pnt our Tillmanism or our Conservatism be-
fore orr religioo7 Shall We DO ava with
everything that is pure and upright to follow
uncertainty aud darkness? Shall we be dogs
and offer our backs to the Tillmanite or Con-
servsffye vhip vIiboat murmuring? Shall
We follow unprincipled leaders and go 10 the
bo,tomless pit like sheep driven to- the
slaagbterhouse to satisfy their ambitions?
Shall ne We for..tax-money sell the happiness Of
our mothers, wives aud sisters? Will we
have the boldness to stand as reformers
keeping one foot 10 the church and the other
in hell?
No brethren, l do not believe it. The
politicians may snare at US, deride US, but
they will not fool US any more.
4 cat once scalded fears even the smell Of
water. We have beea dispensary-scalded
once. but We shall not be any more. | am
assonished at some of US, who, prohibition
lists two years ago, call ourselves by that
name now, and who have fallen ia love with
the dispensaey. Some of us are going fur
cher AID declare ,hs: by mex, July the dispen-
sary flower will be in bloom again.
Can we consistently favor the dispensary as
\ prohibition measured Can We put beer on
ice and claim that ice beer is a step towards
prohibition !? think that it is melting con-
sumption.
Bot, brethren, if some Of US understand
this question 10 a different light, | am open
for conviction, if anyone can prove to rae
that the dIspeosary law was a step towards
prohibition, trot him out. l would like TO
see bim, from the creator Of the law down
10 the most servile of his followers.
If, or the other hand, you are looking at
this question as l do-in the fear OF God and
in conistence with our relations TO His
Church, shall not l depend upon you to
enforce the law as it now stands and vote for
men who will uncompromisingly stand by
our principles?
Let US close our revenue political eyes, aud
open our eyes of consistency, truth and self
honesty, aud that 'speace and prosperity"
talked by "Our Governor last Saturday at
Rock Hill, will dawn again upon our State,
and | don't know anything better to bring
j, about than "prohibitioo."
GEO. MANoTTE,
Chairman Sumter Prohibition Com.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
In the a S of Aaron D. Richer
Plaintiff, against William p. Smith
IL. K ll.Alla Hn,ann,.

md Tie KenmesaW Narb1e Company.
That lot of land in the City Of Sumter in
said county and State containing one and
one-half acres, more or less, bounded on the
North by land now or formerly of the Estate
of - Folsom; on the East by land of Joseph
H. Earle, on the West by land Of J. j. Muller
and on the South by Haynswor.h Street,
fronting and measuring on said street one
hundred and eighty-four feet, being the same
lot which was conveyed to the said William
P. Smith by w. E. Dana Stiles and others,
on I'D March, 1879.
Terms-Cash. Purchaser to pay for papers.
w. H. INGRAM,
Master for Sumter County.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1894-05-16
PUBLIC NOTICE.
OF PROPERTY AND
STREET DUTY.

CLERK AND TREASURES OFFICE,
SUMTER, SC, May is, 1894.
In compliance with Ordinances OF City of
Sumter, dated 23rd day Of August, 1893,
notice is hereby given to Property Owners
and to all male persons in City of Sumter,
liable to Street, Road, or other public duty
therein, and attention is called to the pur-
poses mentioned in said Ordinances ss follows,
viz:
San Ordinance entitled an Ordinance to
provide for Returns and Assessment. of Pro-
perty in Citv Of Sumter, S. c., for the pnr-
pose Of Municipal Ta1aiion,' during the
month Of June of each year, and "An Ordin-
ance entitled an Ordinance to classify the
Inhabitants Of City Of Sumter, liable to
Street, Road or other public duty therein"
to perform said street duty or pay the COM
mutation tax as therein required.
By order of City Council.
C. NJ. HURST,
Nav l6 Clerk 4 Treasurer.