davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
Origin OF the Liberty Cap.

The "liberty cap" that bag-shaped
headgear SO often seen on the head OF
the Goddess of Liberty and which sur.
mounts the National colors on nearly
all our silver coins, according to the
Philadelphia Press, owes its origin to
the Roman empire, where it was given
to slaves rs Il sign of their manumis-
sion. The principal significance of
the 'liber,y cap TO the American
mind is not, however, its Roman ORR
gin, but rather its use as the official
cap of the successive doges of republi.
can Venice, that "model of the most
stable Government ever framed 10y
man." In the Doges Palace at Venice
there is Il gallery full of portraits of
the men who ruled the republic for
700 years, and the conspicuous place
occupied by the 'liberty cap" in these
portraits shows its Importance as Ma
tional symbol of freedom. 1t rather
heightens the significance of this an-
cient symbol in the minds of good
Americans when it is remembered that
the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa
humbled himself before wearer of the
'liberty cap, and that Andrea Dan
dolo wore it on the fourth crusade and
at the conquest of Constantinople. 1t
occupied place in the forefront OF the
advancing hosts that in the early part
of the fifteenth century swept the Dal.
matian towns and conquered the entire
coast from the estuary of the Po to the
Island of Corfu. While Columbus was
discovering America the wearers of the
Liberty cap" were acquiring Zante
and Cyprus, and when the first half of
the half-starved settlements on the
Massachusetts, coast were battling for
existence the republic from which we
borrowed our "liberty cap" having
successfully resisted league of all the
kingso of Christendom, was at the zenith
of its glory. The "liberty cap" is not
rs conspicuous in our National signs
and symbols as it was in those of the
rulers of the Adriatic, yet in modest
way it immortalizes the greatest re-
public of early times.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
The Parlahs.

The Rev. I. +. Pandian, q Hindu
gentleman OF degree who has en-
braced Christianity, is endeavoring to
rouse English sympathy for the Par
iahs, or outcasts of Southern India.
There are $4,000, 900 or 9,O0O,-
600 of them, and, though en-
tirely free by law, they are sub
ject to some disabilities by caste
opinion, one of which is so terrible
that we have no hesitation in saying
it ought to be remedied by force, even
at the hazard of insurrection. They
are forbidden to drink pure water.
There are generally two public wells
in every village, but the caste men will
not suffer the Pariah families to ap-
proach them, even If they only touch
the water with buckets. The women,
therefore, have often to go miles to
: '-ntar from s.raam and ia nrac-
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
THE PASSING YEAR.

Are you rich in the years Of bright gold
Yet untold2
DO they leisurely 10,
Like dream that is fair.
OR n prayer
o. be wise use them well You shall know
How the years growing shorter, with good
can increase,
And life at the end be transnsured with
peace.
Does the though, that 50 many few years re.
Give you pain
o. be glad that your quest
Brings you into the licht,
From the night.
And the worker at last has his rest
In the homeland above are no sorrows. no
fears,
And the life they live there Is not measured
lyyears.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
Why the Eagles Live.

Two eagles have built their nest for
years in an old tree which stands not
far from the st. Lawrence River in
Lisbon, al spot about eight miles
north of Ogdensburg, n. Y, The spot
is slightly one and the tall trees in
this bit of the old forest where the
birds make their summer home is
known by the dwellers for miles
around. Each year the eagles come,
and their arrival is as much expected
and talked about rs is the date when
the ice will break up in the river which
flows near 10y. Two eaglets have been
hatched each year, time out of mind,
and it is one of the interesting incl
dents in the neighborhood when the
old birds "shake out" the young ones
and give them their first lessons in
flying. The birds never go far from
home in summer Almost every
bright day one Of them may be seen
sailing high above the blue st. Law
renee on the watch for II fish, and then,
falling like an arrow, to bury its claws
in the back of its prey and sail home
ward for n fish dinner with its mate.
All summer they are there. and when
the autumn colors come upon the trees
they 60 away, to come again next
spring. No one harms thcm.
One day last September, as re-
porter for the New York Times was
driving near the eagles home, one of
them was seen circling slowly several
hundred feet above the river. A
farmer near by called attention TO the
bird with evident pride.
"Does no one try to shoot them
he was asked, after telling how they
came there every year.
"No," hc said, never"
"Why not?' he was asked.
"The people here know the birds so
well that they would not allow it, |
reckon" was the reply. "If anybody
was to hurt one of them birds il would
make powerful sight of talk in this
ueighborhood." "
Another farmer short distance on
also fell to discussing the eagle, and
he was asked If no one ever tried to
shoot them.
"No," he said. "Not once. II
wouldn't do. Nobody wants to harm
them. II sort o. makes everybody
feel good to see the Nations bird
hyin' near by There mint no danger
OF anybody's ever trying to kill eagles
in this part of the country"
A few miles further on, another
former. who had the reputoA'rn of
peing 4" -.dnrer, tell to talking about
this noble pair of birds, which seemed
to be regarded with about the same
patriotic sentiment as the flag or the
Goddess of Liberty.
"Why doesn't somebody shoot
them?" the old hunter was asked.
"WG'Hl," he replied, forcibly, ga
good many would like to take crack
Mt them, and some have on the sly.
But, hang it, they fly pretty high,
and of late years there's big fine
for killin' eagles i'll this State, -
New York Times.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04

~ W, Jnt, " on
garm, $ for n similar purpose; but
this is lot absolutely certain, for we
have only the Representations in illum.
nations to Judge by, and il is not al.
ways easy TO tell exactly what was
meant TO be depicted.
The mail armor varied much as tt
the manner in which the rings were of.
fixed to the surface that they were in.
tended to protect; in some instances
they seem to be sewn on ut one edge
only, in rows, and SO to overlap each
other; III others they do not overlap,
and i'll yet other cases they are linked
together after the manner in which
purses used to be made of small steel
rings. This last form of mail WAS cer-
tainly the strongest and most perfect,
and If the iron or steel links were well
made it would require skilful blow
from sword or lance to penetrate
through them, and even then the
weapons would have to be of unusually
well-tempered metal
There was considerable variety in
helmets and shields at different times
during lhis period. We find the kite
shaped shield in the Bayeux tapestry,
but later il became shorter and wider !;
the round Saxon shield, sometimes
made of wood alone, sometimes COW
cred with bulls hide, fingered for
long time, and for men-at-arms this
shape was retained nearly as long as
the use of the shield continued. =
Westminster Review.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04

the dawn and never pitying myself.
IL would seem that / was more fitted
sor agriculture than for pen-pushing.
for. in short time, became an en-
thusiastic farmer. The property did
bo we'll that our uncle, at his death,
willed il to us.
worship peaches, for to them l
owe my happiness Without them l
should have remained a weak subordi-
nate, trembling at the slightest frown
from "a prefect, and being but one of
the already too numerous throng of
clerks who find it difficult to make
both ends meet. From the French,
in the Argonaut.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
A Plucky NOblewoman.

The Marchioness of Waterford, look
ing through the window of her house,
in London, the other day, saw a cab
man ill-using his horse. Rasing the
window she commanded the man to
desist, and upon his refusal, she gath
cred up her skirts, opened the front
door, and, letting go her aristocratic
left, she blackened the fellows eye,
and then had policeman take him
into custody on charge Of cruelty to
animals. New York Journal
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04

Y water left in h.. !ow. I'D Z

V WINTER leIl III ll.I .OMs iii lO~
the fields or jungle. The conse-
quence is that they are constant vic
Tins OF dyseutery, and that when any
typhoidal disease strikes the village
they die like flies II seems to us that
this oppression is too bad, even though
it be based on n religious prejudice,
and the caste men should either be
compelled to give mp one of the wells,
or better still, to sink new we'll for
the Pariahs, thus spending something
to protect their own ceremonial pu-
rity. We have no doubt whatever of
the exact truth os this statement as
regards the water, and strongly rec
ommend the grievance to any philan.
thropist in the House in want of work.
1t may be asked why the Pariahs bear
such an outrageous oppression. First,
because 1000 years of slavery have
made them towards; and secondly,
because they believe, or half believe,
the dogma of their caste neighbors,
namely, that their suffering is just re-
tribution for the sins of their previous
lives. They are losing that faith, and
some day they will fight for five min
utes with torches instead of rifles, and
then civilization in South India will
temporarily end. London Spectator.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
Uniformed Shark Extermlnators.

Among the multifarious duties
which demand the attention of the
Calcutta police, the capturepf sharks
in the Hooghly finds place. During
the past twenty years rewards have
been paid for the destruction of those
marine man-eaters, and recently the
Bengal Government laid down scale
for these payments. San Francisco
Chronicle.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
Mail Arno-.

The covering for the body in time
OF war usually consists of ordinary
garments very thickly quilted, or COW
cred with small rings of metal sewn
upon the inside.
The quilted material deadened to q
considerable extent the force of :
blow, and the rings made il cry d
ficult foI the lance or sworG neI
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04
The PEACH FIGURE.
the

THOUGH the
son and grand
sOn Of Govern
IN e IA EN-
ployes, | had
no more than
fairly got
started in the
same career
than | resigned
my position on
account OF two
peaches.
vug a room.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1894-01-04

The ball was very fine flowers every.
where, elegant toilets, and excellent
music. The Project. the President OF
the Tribunal, the officers of the garri-
son, and all Of the department clerks
were there. Our chief had spared
nothing to give brilliancy to this en-.
tertainment. Of which his wife and
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-04-18
mYsrER1ous1Y p1sAPPEAREp.
Mr.. William Bouhan Leaves the Gus
tody Of the Sheriff.


Mr.. William Bouhan. the contractor,
suddenly and mysteriously disap-
peared yesterday morning shortly
before S O'Clock, and at late hour last
night Deputy Sheriff Higgins, who had
had him in charge, was still on the search
for his missing prisoner.
Mr.. Bouhan, against whom there is
civil suit pending in the superior court,
brought by his daughter, Miss Mary Ellen
Bouhan, through Messrs. Erwin, duBignon
and Chisholm, was taken in custody Mon
day night by Deputy Sheriff Colman,
and instead of carrying him to jail,
Deputy Higgins was left with him at his
home on Huntingdon street to guard him.
Mr.. Bouhan and the deputy spent
pleasant evening Monday, and both re-
tired about IL O'Clock. They got up at
8 80 yesterday morning had breakfast
and chatted fora while, when at his re-
quest the deputy let Bouhango out to feed
his horse. Bouhan returned and he al
lowed him TO go out again TO turn the
horse in the lot.
The deputy began to think, in few
minutes, that he was taking a long time
TO turn horse from a stable into a lot,
and after waiting about twenty minutes,
he became anxious and went out to see
what was the matter but there was no
Bouhan anywhere around the premises.
Bouhan had stated sometime ago that he
was going to leave and this is the reason
the writ of ne exeat was requested
by the attorneys for the plaintiff.
Deputy Sheriff Higgins spent
the day yesterday in hunting his prisoner,
but his search awaited him nothing. He
watched the railroads and the steamships
which were going to leave, but it was no
use. IL was believed that Bouhan had
gone to Indian Springs, as he had an
nounced his intention Of going there, and
there is no reason why he should want to
go away and stay as he owns much
property here.
The cause of all the trouble was the
filing Of suit against her father by Miss
Mary Ellen Bouhan last February. 1t
seems that he made over some property,
amounting TO nearly s., 900, to her in trust,
a large part of which he afterwards sold,
and she brought suit to recover it. 1t is
understood that he had offered to COM
promise the matter by paying her 81, 900,
which she refused to accept. 1t was
then that he announced his intention Of
leaving the city, and, despite the powers
OF the law, it seems that he has carried
out his intention. In all probability he
will return, however, as he has good
deal of property here
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-04-18
FIVE STRAIGHT GAMES.
Savannah Wins the Third From
Macon.

The Score IS to 5-rhe Visitors Out
played at Every Point-Their Pitch
ers Batted for IL Base Hits-savan-
nah Plays a Fine Game-To-day an
Of Day-Atlanta Comes Next.
Yesterdays game was the third with
Macon and the last for this visit. 1t re-
suited in another victory for Savannah
This makes five straight games for Nc
Closkey's men.
Macon started yesterdays game with
Gibbs in the pitchers box. He gave five
men bases on balls and hit one who took
his base. BY this kind of work he forced
three men over the home plate. On a
wild pitch two men scored. One man
scored on a safe hit by Jantzen.
Gibbs was then tax en- out of the box
and was replaced by Grey, who pitched a
very fair game. The Savannah boys are
certainly playing great ball; every man
is thoroughly trained and knows his bus
iness. The score and summary for the
game is follows:
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-04-18
LOCAL PERSONAL.

Mr. Marion Erwin returned to Macon
last night.
Mrs. E. S. Derby is rapidly recovering
from her recent serious Illness.
M. J. O'Brien, general manager of the
Southern Express Company, is in the
city.
MIR. Robert L. Colding and Miss Annie
E. Mcintyre will be married at St. Johns
church at $3.50 O'Clock this afternoon
Hon. F. g. duBignon returned yester-
day morning from Atlanta, where he has
been on legal business for the Southern
Express Company.
Miss Annie Winn, who spent the win
ter on ''the plains" has returned to the
city, and is stopping with Mr. and Mrs.
E. E. Cheatham, No, 80 Duffy street.
Mr.. I. D. Rockwell, of Savannah, and
MIR. Samuel c. Atkinson, of Brunswick.
were admitted to practice yesterday in
the United States district and circuit
courts.
Miss Annie Carr daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. j. x. p. Carr will be married to
Mr. James Palmer Browne at Wesley
Monumental church at o'clock this
evening.
MIR. Theodore Collat, of the firm of
Collat Bros, sailed yesterday from New
York on the steamship Spree for Bremen.
He will spend several months travelling
through Europe, and seeking needed rest
from his active business life in Savannah.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-04-18
TO BE FILED MONTHLY.
An Order Passed at the Request Of the
Oentrals Receivers.

An Order Passed at the Request Of the
CentraPs Receivers.
Mr.. A. r. Lawton, Jr., and Mr. S. B.
Adams returned yesterday from Wash
ington, where they went to participate
in the hearing in the Central litigation
which took place there before Justice
White and Justice jackson.
Among the orders passed which have
not YET been reported was one requested
by the receivers of the Central railroad
which requires them to file accounts of
the operations of their trust monthly in
stead of quarterly as they have been re
quired to do heretofore. They will begin
to file monthly accounts of the operations
of the property after the April account
for the quarter ending April l has been
filed.
Some other orders were passed with re-
gard to the settlement of car and loco
motive trust notes. The indications
during the hearing of the petition for an
issue of receivers certificates on the Sa-
vannah and Western to reimburse the
Central for moneys spent, were rather
favorable to the receivers of the Central
railroad
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-04-18
NAY Be SMALLS AFTER ALL.
1t Is Believed by Some That He Has
Been Captured.

The Story Of His Arrest on the Wad-
ley and Mount Vernon Road in JEFF
ferson County-Two Versions of 1t.
The Authorities Here Know Nothing
of the Fugitive's Capture and Doubt
If It Is True.
The report that Abe Smalls was ar
rested on the Wadley and Mt Vernon
railroad last week still continues to cir
culate in a most persistent manner.
A gentleman said yesterday that he
met a party from Savannah on the Cen
trail railroad train Friday who claimed to
be the man who arrested
Smalls. The gentleman said he
certainly thought his informant
was telling the truth, as he spoke in a
straight forward and positive manner.
He went into the details and circumstan-
ces Of the arrest, He said that Smalls
had been located at turDentine still in
rife for money, with which TO get some
thing to eat.
SAW A RESEMBLANCE.
The parties for whom Smalls was work
ing noticed the close resemblance to the
description given Of him. They secured a
picture Of the fugitive and his description
from Savannah, and being satisfied that
they were after the right man, made the
arrest. 1t was made by three men armed
with shotguns and rifles. Smalls was I'M
armed and made no resistance. The man
who gave the information claimed to be
one of the men who made the arrest.
Smalls was reported to have acknow-
lodged his identity, he said after the ar
rest.
The reason that Smalls had not been
brought TO Savannah, he said, was be-
cause his captOrs were awaiting an oppor-
tunity to slip him in quietly
when no one would be expect
ing him. The gentleman seemed thor
oughly satisfied that his information
was correct, and declared his belief that
Smalls is under arrest and is being held
at some point in the country until his
captors can arrange to bring him here.
ANOTHER VERSION.
Another gentleman who was seen last
night, who had also seen the same man
understood the story differently The
story, as he understood it, was that the
man had received positive information as
he thought Of Small's whereabouts and
was going up to Jefferson county to make
the arrest. He had picture Of the MUIR
derer in his pocket, and said he had seen
Mayor McDOnough and made all arrange
ments to slip Smalls in quietly He had
received letter, he said, from a relative
at the still where Smalls was working
who had positively identified the crimi-
nal, and had written him to come up and
make the arrest. He was so confident
that he would get Smalls that he declared
the reward was already as good as in his
pocket.
AS nothing authentic has been heard of
Small's arrest it is very probable that his
intended captor was over-conf1dent, and
bly, in some other locality than the one
in which he is being sought for
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-04-18
IN TIE UNITED STATES COURT.
Several Central Railroad Iuterven-
tions Disposed Of by Judge Speer.

Several Central Railroad Iuterven-
tions Disposed of by Judge Speer.
Theprincipal business before the United
States court yesterday was the determi-
nation of a large number Of interventions
in the Central railroad litigation.
The masters report on the Intervention
Of J. c. Gnann allowed him 81, 800 damages
against the Central and Richmond and
Danville railroads. Exceptions 70 the
finding were filed by the Central railroad,
but the report of the master was sus-
tanned. the amount allowed the intervenor
being reduced by S45, leaving him 81 ,455
10 be paid by both the defendants.
The Intervention Of Comptroller VIM.
A. Wright for state, county and city taxes
10 the amount OF about $4,000 was re-
ported on favorably to the intervenor by
the master, and the report Of the master
was sustained by the court The receiv-
erS were ordered TO pay these taxes,
which are almost wholly on the leased
and auxiliary lines of the system out OF
the first moneys coming into their hands
from these roads.
The Central railroad s demurrer to the
Intervention Of Simeon Taylor was sus-
tanned by the master, and the intervenOr
was granted 81, 500 damages against the
Richmond and Danville, which finding
was sustained by the court Arthur l..
Saunders was granted a judgment
against the Richmond and Danville also
for $500
The interventions Of John Walls, Homer
Garrison c. S. Wadsworth, Wright and
Scandrett, K. :. Scaudrett, G. B. Kilgore
and p. p. HUE, which were dismissed
by the master without report were
ordered referred back to the master with
instructions TO report the facts therein
to the court. The petition of the stand
ing master for the usual compensation
was granted by the court. The masters
reports in the Intervention of Brutus Pat
terson and Sergeant and J. +. Miller,
which were against the interyenors, were
confirmed as none of the plaintiffs filed any
exceptions to the findings. The record in
the Intervention of Alfred Sharpe, which
was set aside by the master on a plea to
the Jurisdiction, was ordered sent to the
court.
The petition of Receivers Conner and
Hayes for permission to pay the Augusta
and Savannah Railroad its earnings for
January and February, submitted March
81 TO Justice Jackson, which was granted
by him, was fled in the court yesterday,
and with il was a copy of the letter from
President Lawton, Of the road, asking
for the earnings for those months, in
which he stated that the stockholders
We're anxious for their money and were
frequent in their appeals.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-04-18
ANOTHER ooUNTERFEIrER.
Alfred Kirkland Charged With Manip
ulating Government Coin.

Alfred Kirkland, white man who
lives near Stillmore, in Emanuel county,
was given a preliminary hearing yester-
day before United States Commissioner
L. NJ. Erwin, on the charge of having in
his possession and attempting to pass
counterfeit silver coin.
From the evidence it seemed that he
had had number of bad silver coins in
his possession of the denomination of %
cents and 81, and that he had tried to sell
and dispose of them to other parties He
was required to give bond for his appear
ance in the sum of $500, which he did and
was released.
J. H, Boyd, the assistant postmaster at
Donaldsville, Decatur county, was also
turned over under a $500 bond for illegally
issuing money orders. His error seems
to have been more than anything else one
of carelessness or indiscretion
Peter Bostick, charged with passing
counterfeit money, will be given pre-
liminary hearing before Commissioner
Erwin this morning.