The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-02-17

far no other known product of chemis try
has been obtained to replace it fully.
As medicine, spirits OF turpentine in
ternally taken IS a powerful diuretic.
Externally applied, it is a powerful
counter-irritant. 1t is much used in
medicine and by veterinary surgeons.
II turpentine is treated with chlorine
1t produces chlorofOrm, and it is the chief
source from which chloroform is now
economically obtained.
If rosin is dissolved in vegetable Oil and
spirits of turpentine, a varnish is formed
so that rosin and spirits of turpentine
form the basis of all the cheaper graoes
OF varnishes. Turpentine is also used in
the manufacture of rubber and electrical
insulating compounds. 1t is a solvent for
nearly all oils, both vegeta BILE and animal
Miqed with alcohol it forms camphine.
So vast is the demand for turpentine
| and its qualities and effects are so unique
that the consumption even at 81 a gallon
would only be very little reduced. The
low prices are entirely due to over pro-
ductlon, as it cannot be technically re-
placed by anything else
Rosin forms with alkali, a soap, and
| every soap factory in the world uses
more or less rosin. The darker grades of
rosln are employed TO produce coarse
brown soaps, while the finest grades are
used for toilet soaps.
COULDN'T GET ALONG WITHOUT IT.
With alum rosin forms a glue or size,
and every pound of paper produced in the
| civilized world is held together by rosin
size.
A mixture of two-thirds of rosin and
one third of coal tar forms very tough
and seryiceable pitch, and large quanti-
ties of the lower grades of rosin are con-
sumed i'll this way.
Forty per cent. of yellow rosin melted
little addition of honey, makes a perfect
limitation of bees wax. 1t takes an ex-
pert or a chemist to distinguish il from
genuine crude wax, and, for many pur-
poses, it answers as well
Rosin finds employment in calico print
| ing, printers ink manufacturing, in wax
ing leather, in the manufacture of limo
leum cloth, and wax cloth in making rub
Der and insulating fabrics, Cheap rosin
is also used for gas making and dipping of
| kindling wood.
Resin excludes atmospheric air COM
pletely, and is largely used in bottling
wine and preserves, the neck of the bottle
being dipped in melted rosin.
Acrobats, rope and clog dancers Sc
cure a firm hold by employing powdered
rosln on account of its anti-slipplng quail
tiles.
Paganini and Ole Bull would never
have attained fame as violin virtuosos, if
it had not been for rosin, which is the
prime cause which produces the music.
Rosin consists of pinto and sylvic acids
| and about 5 per cent. of spirits of turpeu-
tine While it is highly inhammable it
cannot be distilled without destroying the
sylvic and pinto acids. If, however, a
destructive distillation is resorted to,
numerous other compounds are formed,
some in the nature of'naphtha, others as
oil, tar and pitch.
For a number of years several large
establishments have distilled hundreds
of thousands of barrels of the lower
grades of rosin. Both Savannah and
Wilmington have such establishments,
| and the demand for their products have
steadily increased at very remunerative
prices If rosin is heated to 600 or ZOO
Fahrenheit it distills, and the following
are the products, about Is to 20 per cent.
being lost in gases, leaving the condensa-
BILE and solid bodies: rosin spirits. 5 to 6
per cent; white oil, 33 to SO per cent.
red oil, 26 to % per cent. blue oil, is to
20 per cent. brewers pitch, Z to S per
cent.
GREAT PAINT INGREDIENT.
Resin, spirits and white oil are used by
paint and varnish manufacturers. White
oil is also used by putty manufacturers.
Red oil is now almost exclusively used for
printers ink, instead of linseed oil.
The blue oil is mixed with mineral oils
for lubricants. Brewers pitch is in good
demand for pitching beer barrels. If the
distillation is made by superheated steam
an almost inodorous oil is produced,
while the chief objection to rosln oils pro-
duced by open fire diStiilation is a strong
empyreumatic odor. ,
The MORNING NEWS has repeatedly
called the attention of turpentine opera
tors to the large amount of valuable ma
a1
and which is allowed to go to waste. A
good lampblack furnace is now at their
| command, and there are lampblack fac
tories now in operation in Savannah and
Wilmington and interior points, using
waste rosin and dross There is an un-
limited demand for lampblack at $50 per
ton, and three to four tons of rosin or
| dross will make a ton OF lampblack A
patent steam apparatus will also be tried
next season, which will recover large
percentage of gum from the trees now
going to waste. The cost of taking
the scrape-off by steam is not
| larger than by hand scraping,
and adds from forty to sixty barrels to
each crop of 10000 boxes A market for
drOss has been created, and as other
lampblack factories are projected, large
shipments of lampblack from the turpen-
tine belt will result.
Several attempts have been made to pit
crude gum until spring, and it has re-
suited in one instance in gain OF 50
barrel on 100 barrels of spirits. How this
enormous and ever-increasing demand for
naval stores will be supplied in another
score of years, when our forests have be-
come exhausted, is problem for chemistry
and human ingenuity to solve, using other
natural resources. which another genera
ton will have to discover.
G. B. WARRAND.
A DRUG STORE BURNED OUT.