davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
The Well of Serpeu:s.

There is n horseshoe shaped mountain up
in Manitoba which literally swarms with
snakes twice every year. In the early fall
these slippery customers gather here from
all directions. In one side the mountain
there is circular hole about Is feet deep
and as smooth as if it had been fashioned
with a we'll auger, where tens of thousands
of reptiles gather to spend the cold winter
months. Persons who have tried to explore
this immense snake den during the sum-
mer, when the regular tenants were absent
say that dozens of subterranean passages
lead out under the mountain in all direc-
tons from the bottom of the we'll. Captain
Silvers, Royal Engineers estimates that he
has seen as many as 100000 snakes of all
sizes knotted together and piled up in Il
semitorpid state in this We'll of Serpents,"
as it is called in the northwest
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22

FILLED AND ROLLED MACADAM.

is to be inches, it is generally best to
put on two layers, each having thick
ness of about inches at the center and
about 81 inches at the sides, and in case
Two separate layers are to be put on
care should be taken to thoroughly roll
and bind the bottom layer before the sec
ond layer is applied.
If we examine u dozen pieces of stone
taken atrandom from q heap ofroad metal
as it comes from the crrlsher. we shall
find them to be Of most irregular shapes
and generally lacking uniformity in size
It will be impossible to lay these stones
closely in contact with each other so as
to exclude voids, or fill the several
spaces between their irregular faces and
angles. No single piece will fit closely
against another throughout their several
edges or surfaces. When dumped INTO
a loose heap upon the ground, the spaces
between the separate stones make up q
large aggregate, and no amount of roll
ing will bring these stones SO closely in
contact as to materially reduce these
spaces. If we take a water tight box
containing exactly two cubic feet and
fill it evenly with broken macadam road
metal, we shall find that about one cubic
foot of water can be poured into the
box without overlooking the top, thus
showing that only about one-half Of the
space contained in the box is filled by
the pieces Of stone.
To illustrate this fact in another way,
it has been determined that cubic yard
of solid stone weighs about p tons, while
cubic yard of broken macadam road
metal made from the same stone will
weigh only about one-half this amount,
or II tons. 1t follows then that in or
+ der to insure Il solid roadway and to fiji
this large proportion of VOids or inter
stices between the different pieces Of
broken stone, some finer material mist
be introduced into the structure Of the
roadway, aud TINS material is usually
called binder, or by some roadmakcra
"fller."
There used to be much contention re-
garding the use of binding material in
the making Of q macadam road, but it is
now conceded by nearly all practical and
experienced Toadnallers both in Europe
and America that the use Of a binding
material is essential to tho proper con-
struction Of good macadam road. 1t
adds to its solidity, insures tightness by
closing all Of the spaces between the
loose, irregular stone and binds together
the macadam crust in q way that gives
it firmness, elasticity and durability
Good Roads.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
BINDING ROAD METAL.
How to Secure the Best Results In SolidI-
flying Broken Stone.

How to Secure the Eest Results In solidi-
flying Broken Stone.
After the necessary excavation to con-
tain the road metal has been completed,
the broken stone should be spread broad
cast with shovels to insure thorough
mixing of the various sized pieces and
raked until the layer is of the proper
thickness. For broadway 1G feet wide
it will be best to make the thickness of
the layer about two inches thicker at the
center of the roadway than ut the ex-
IRENE edges, because tho wear will be
most excessive at the center and the ex-
ira thickness will not only provide for
this, but will also serve to give the fin
ished roadway Il proper crown, and thus
insure good drainage.
If the final thickness Of the compacted
roadway is to be 4 inches, one layer will
be sufficient, and when put on loosely
from the carts it should be about inches
thick at the center and about inches
thick at the sides. If the final thickness
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Roads of China.

An interesting chapter on the topic of
public roads is afforded in the results
noted by the Shanghai branch of the
Asiatic society of some recent extensive
Investigations made by its agents as to
the condition and maintenance of roads
in China. 1t is not, however, a chapter
on good roads. Indeed it is much like
the famous chapter on the snakes in Ice
land, for there seem to be no roads in
China worthy the name. Instead of the
farmers being interested in the making
and maintenance of good roads, as is the
case here, the Chinese farmer interests
himself largely in the destruction of such
roads as may chance to be made. He
does not travel himself and is against
any one else doing SO, at least over his
land. There are no public highways
made anG maintained by law. Travellers
may drive where they please, SO far as
the owner of the land may please, and
there is constant warfare between the
two classes, SO that all there is of roads
through the country is just what the one
may suffer or the other wrest.-New
Vorly G11n
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
One year, $500 Three mos. $1.25
Six months $50 One month. "a

SENATOR MORGAN gave ex-Minister
Stevens, who at last founo time between
his alleged bad health and his lecture en-
gagements to appear before the senate
committee on foreign relations and give his
testimony, a most rigid cross examination
concerning his conduct while United
States minister to Hawaii, and brought out
the acknowledgement that Mr. Stevens was
from the first rabid annexationist, and
that he wrote those much talked about let
t RS to Mr. Blaine, asking instructions in
ase of the overthrow of the queen, with
the full expectation that such an event
would take place during his term of Office,
just as Mr. Blount's report charged him
with having done.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
A MECHANICAL DIFFICULTY.
Tho Utilization of the Power of Niagara
Again Brings 1t Up.

ROCHESTER,, Jan. l6.-The approaching
completion of the great works at Niagara
falls, by which part Of the power of the
vast cataract is to be transformed by means
of turbine wheels into electricity and SO
conveyed for utilization to other points, ex-
cites considerable interest here, where there
are probably more turbine wheels running
under great head" or fall, of water than
In any other American city. If not in the
world.
The water power here is furnished by the
falls of the Genesee. The total fall of. the
river as it passes through this city is about
$50 feet, practically the same as that rem
dered available by the rapids and falls at
Niagara. AT no point, however, is there SO
great vertical fall here as at Niagara,
though at the upper falls" n head of "a
feet is available, and at the lower falls"
there is head of SO feet. Perhaps the
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
THE PENALTY OF BAD ROADS.
Higher Prices For Consum crs. bat No Pro1i
For Producer


For Producers.
Western soil is especially adapted to
raising farm products. For this reason
good roads must be the work Of art
rather than Of nature, And the greater
the crops the moro necessity there is for
easy transportation from the farm to the
elevators.
1t has been estimated that good roads
would increase the value Of tWo-thirds OF
the good farms in the Mississippi and
Missouri valleys $40 an acre. In addi
ton to the difference in the cost Of haul
ing should lie considered tue great
amount of vegetables, garden and dairy
products which are shipped by rail from
long distances.
Under our present system of dirt roads
it is not profitable to make Il garden very
far from the city market. Farmers liv
ing s or 10 miles from the city find it diff
cult to supply customers regularly. AS {
result they raise only enough to supply
their own wants and trust to the genera
market for the disposal of butter anC
eggs when they come to town.
But conditions are such that Il great
many reach market at the same time
and after few days of scarcity in fresl
goods carry an abundance which breaks
the market. With gravel or macadam
roads farmers would find gardens profit
able, and they could make daily or tri
weekly trips with regularity which
would benefit themselves and their Gus
toners alike.
In large cities the trade has been forced
to keep good supply of fresh article:
constantly on hand, and having learned
that the home gardeners are not reliably
regular they have arranged for receipts
from other sections, frequently from
other states, at an extraordinary expense
Thus the farmer not only loses q neal
market, but consumers pay for trans
portation, packing and losses, besides
getting staler food.
When local conditions are favorable
the city dealer dares not transfer his
trade to the market gardens near home
but must continue to trade abroad al
greater cost because his correspondents
will not submit to irregularity. 1t is
plain that both town and country suffer
for lack of reliable roads
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22

zontal shafts. When this was tried, the
problem was solved, for the horizontal
shafts had no thrust" and it was found
that there was 10 appreciate difference
between the power of the water utilized in
that manner and by means of vertically
placed wheels
High power, swift running turbines are
more used under great head in Switzerland
probably than in any other country except
the United States There the vertical wheel
is used almost or quite exclusively, the
tendency to run down being prevented by
the use of collar bearings in which the COL
lars run in cup shaped journals filled with
oil, somewhat after the fashion shown in
the diagram accompanying this letter. This
plan is said to work very well, but authori-
ties here claim that the friction and the
weight OF the vertical shaft are still so
great as to absorb noticeable proportion of
the developed power
CHARLES APPLEBEE
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
JACK DEMPSEY'S VIEW.
The Famous Pugilist's Estimate
of Corbett and Mitchell.
HE BELIEVES CORBETT IS GAME.

He Shares the Opinion of Most of the Ring
Talent That the Californian VIII Defeat
England's ChampiOn-Three Important
Trumps That Pompatiour Jim Holds.
tween James J. Corbett of California and
Charles Mitchell of England has caused
more speculation among sporting men than
any similar contest Of the kind that re-
member. The majority of the talent 1
know favor Corbett. Such undoubted au-
thorities as AL Smith, Pat Sheedy, John l..
Sullivan, Michael F. and Philip Dwyer are
sure that the Californian cannot lose. On
the other hand, such equally competent au-
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
sos wHlskeRs ANe He'll MIXED.

In" TIA" Picture Letter Crank Operated on
Washington He>in;; and u. ID. Armour.
Two distinguished citizens Of Chicago
Philip d. Armour. the prize porker'
Nemesis. and Washington Hesiny, editor.
politician and postmaster-have such
similar side whiskers that their mail gets
mixed, whether the wind blows or not.
There is ordinarily no connecting link or
affinity between side whlskers and accu-
rate Chicago mail delivery, but as some
original New Yorker has begun the prac-
tice of sending letters to the Worlds
fair city bearing no other address than
the picture of a fat man with luxurious
lace curtains" flowing from his cheeks,
and as both MeSsrs. Hesing and Armour
are similarly equipped and look some
what alike, the postmen of the western
metropolis are so puzzled that they are
on the verge of paresis.
The crank is doubtless the same man
who caused an epidemic of suicide in the
postal service a few years ago by direct
ing letter TO q number on Lacteal Fluid
street, Hub of the Universe. when he
meant it for Milk street, Boston. The
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
CALIFORNIA; First Paner.

Walter Cotton and Robert Semple were
the first editors Of the first newspaper pub
lished in California; they founded The Cal
ifornian at Monterey in August, 1916. Col
ton had bought the press and type from the
American missionaries in Honolulu. IL
was an old Ramage press of wooden frame,
wooden bed and plate of hard wood, worked
by a screw and capable of making 100 inn
pressions in an hour. 1t had been sent from
Boston to Honolulu. The type had been
long in use and was of faulty font, without
the letter "w">o or italic Two TVS" were
substituted to represent wv" In capitals
-,'~ --~~ii fAttera alike Los Gatos Mali
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
New York & New England

Passenger Train Service, January 7, 1894 -
Trains leave Waterbury for
B0STON,3;45, ? 30 Il m 100. abH pm.
PRONIDENCE-tI IS 7 80 Il m 100 3 SO y m.
NEW YORK via brewster SOB u m 2O5 pm
WORCFSrElt-3 7}o M 100 IN
NEW LONDON 7.W a IN 800. 3.h0 y m.
PUTNAM 3 "a : ~ Il M Loo. 3.55 u
WtII,lNANTlC--It TO Il IN lOO 800 T. III.
SpRINGFl I'll y 900 IL IN 3.55 = M
HARTFORD 3l5 7a0, @,o5. 1919 a m. 100
KEW EKITAIN- al9 7ao o.o5 1O45 Il m 90
PIAINViLLEHiIo 7.3o, ooa lo4S m 100
3.b5. S.15 y N.
BRIsTOL-3.l5 7.sO. s.o5. 1oAb m 100
TEi,RYViLiE E 80. so5. 1o.46 m 100 $50
wAT fj1S I Il q.o5 10 As m 1856 SIS p m
WEST CHI ESHIHE AGO. $40 a m. 4.3O p m.
MERInEN 4.3o. $50 m. 40 pm.
CROMWELL $50 m. 80 IN.
UNION CITY, sos a m :. 2.10 p m.
TOWANTTC-fS 500 a m f 21O. 5p m.
SOUTHFORD-s.0 a m 2.1O. pm.
POMPERAUG VALLEY-s.O6 a m. 21O
SANDY HfOOK-s.o5 m 2.1o. m.
HAWIFYVILLE-s.O5 a m 2lO. p m.
DANBURY-8.06 m 210 p m. 11.50. a. m
BREWST ERS-SO5 a m 30. l1.5O pm.
FISHKILI4-ON-HUDSO 10 q m 2.Ob u M
land. Akron and Chicago sos a IN 2Ol u M
POUGHKEEPSIE, via Hopewell sos a m
Sunday trains Hartford and Boston
3.45 Il m. 3.45 l.. m.
W. BABCOCK.
Gen Pass Agent Boston,
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22

1t is happy and hopeful indication
that the prominent engineering schools
Of America are giving closer attention
to the study of practical methods of road
making. When we consider the fact
that thousands of engineers in European
countries are given constant and lucra-
tive employment in the construction and
care of streets and roads. and that a SIM
liar field of engineering work is likely to
be opened in this country within the
near future, it is evidence of good fore
sight on tie part of our American col
leges that their technical instructors are
giving more emphasis to this branch Of
practical work.-Good Roads.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Jenna.

Vienna is of nearly circular form, be-
ing 10 miles in circumference. The old
city, or city proper, is, however, scarcely
three miles round. 1t was formerly in
closed by Notifications. Immediately
outside of these was a wide esplanade
called the Glacis, which has been ele-
gantly built up and is called Ringstrasse,
one of the most splendid streets in the
world.-Brooklyn Eagle.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
MARKING For a Holiday.

An Englishman stopping at one Of the
hotels was commenting upon the ex-
treme rcstlessness and incessant go of
Americans He said. You Americans
have such Deastly idea Of the compen-
sation Of work
"What do you mean?" questioned a
Pittsburger standing near by.
"Oh, you people work for money" was
the explanation.
Il don't see anything beastly about
that" was the retort May ask for
what you Englishmen work.
"Why, we work for our holiday" was
the reply. -Pittsburg Dispatch.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
H.&H. Railroad Time Table
June II. 1893
NAUGATUCK DIVISION.

Trains leave Waterbury as follows;
For NEW YORK-6.O6. 7.s0, s.2e 1880 n m o.
3,25 5.59 m. Sunday, 4.16 p m.
Return, 5O1, 800. 1O.03 m 100 4.O2, eO9
nm, Sunday, 601 m.
For NEW HAVEN, via Naugatuck Junction
7.30 s.26 m: 1.28, 1926 $50 D m. Via
Derby junction, los, 8.26, 10.SO a m: l,2s
1926 $50 p m.
Return via Naugatuck Junction at las pm
Sunday, 800 a m. Via Derby Junction
100, 9.42 a. m; 1900. 220 $50, TAO n M
Sunday. $40 an.
Fer BRIDGEPORT-6'o6 7 80. s26. 1910 a m
1928, 325, 5.53 y m. Sunday AIS y m.
Return at .0b. $40 a m +; 1900. 2.2S $50 f.47
pm. Sunday S,15 m.
For ANSONIA-6.05. Z. 80. 8.26, 1880 a m 1928
3.25. 5.b3, 100 (mixed) m. Sunday. 4.16
m.
Return at TAO, 1921. a m: 1871 s.ol. o.Io. s9s
pm. Sunday S.46 m.
For WATERTOWN-6:4 s.S7. lily m sbs
612, 7.O4 IN. Saturday 9.16 IN.
Return at 6.2b. 7.5b. 1880 a m $50. 4.3S. csc
pm. Saturday 736 m.
For THOMASTON.S.32, 1112 m; $50. 6.Bs.
900 m. Sunday 9.25 a m.
Return at :. Os. 7.bb.. 1923 a m 2.b6 500 p m
Sunday SAT p m.
For TORRINGTON-s3 50, 11.12 m 8.62 ESQ
eo1pm Sunday 9.26 m.
Return at 6.47 7.31, 1920 q m: $50. sos m.
Sunday 3.23 p m.
For WINSTED-s.S2 1112 q m: 3-s2. ESQ 600
pm. Sunday 9.26 m.
Return at $50. THO. $40 o m 2.0s. A.z2 y m.
Sundays pm.
OF. HEMPSTEAD. Cen Pass Agent.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Where They Drew the Line.

At recent ball in a Welsh mining
town a chalk line was drawn along the
center of the room, and beyond this line no
tradesman was allowed to dance. Bank
clerks, solicitors and their select friends
held one end of the room, while trades
men and their sisters and sweethearts
were rigidly confined to the other end.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Hockinp Valley Miners Dssoerate.

CINCINNATI, Jan. 22.-There never was
more distress in the Hooking valley and
other Ohio coal mining districts than at
present. The men are idle, and some vio-
lence is reported, due to desperation.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
that this is q he
remedy for
Around the World on Nothing.

BOSTON, Jan. ga young clubman of
Boston, whose name for the next year will
be Paul Jones, has made a wager that he
will travel around the world in 10 months,
starting without stitch of clothing or a
dollar and returning with S., 900.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Fine Methodist Church Dedicated.

KINGSTON, N. Y, Jan. 22-The new st.
James Methodist church here was formally
dedicated by Bishop Cyrus d. Foss. The
church cost nearly SIS, 600 and is one of the
finest on the Hudson.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22

MIDDLETOWN n. Y, Jan. 22.-Sullivan
and Delaware counties are afflicted with
an epidemic of diphtheria. At East Branch
the disease has become so prevalent that
townsville has proclaimed a IA day quar-
antine against the village.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Rata Taking LIN the Fair.

An army Of rats has taken possession
of the Worlds fair buildings, and since
the closing of the exposition they are to
be seen in droves in all parts Of the
grounds.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Santa Lucia Mountains Bored.

SAN LUIS OBIsPo, Cal, Jan. 22.-The
great tunnel through Santa Lucia noun
tains which the Southern Pacific company
has been boring for more than year past
was pierced
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22


who has demon
strated that there
is also room for
woman in the Of
fees placed at the
disposal Of vic
tors in political
battles. She has
just been for the
second time elect
ed state librarian
of Kentucky by
the legislature.
Mrs. Day is a
c1io1,+ Sa1icata
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
Tue 9etatncrat.
@. and NJ. t. MALoNEY. PUBLISHERS.

Letters and communications should bear
the name and address of the writer in each
case as a guarantee of good faith. Anony-
nous communications will not be printed.
Any irregularitY in delivery should be re-
ported to the office at once.
Entered:at the Post ONCE at Waterbury as
second-class matter.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
HEADACHE T
Indigestion, Billiousness,
DYSPEPSIA
And all Stomach Troubles
Are Cnrnd by

(Prickly Ash, Poke Root and Potassium.
P. P. P. 10 sure cure for Rheumatism,
Scrofula. Blood poison. Blotches. Pimples,
and all skin and blood diseases.
Cancerous sore on face, years of skin
trouble, Glanduiar swelling, sufferer rend-
ers, thanks 10 P. P. P. for its great cures.
Abbots East Indian Corn Paint eures all
Corns, Warts. and Bunions. -
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
A. W. Castle.

Either Market, Telephone 1864.
Free Delivery.
p. S. Please remember about our
FISH DEPARTMENT
in my East Main street store, it remains
with you to support it. You can buy
better goods and Mt the same time save
money, than to buy from peddlers who
have carted it all over the city before
reaching you and been handled we don't
know how many times.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22

The German army now has trained war
dogs. On the march, each dog is led by
his master, and is required to carry a
heavy pack on his back. Dogs of a dark
color are preferred, because they are less
visible to the enemy. the training is
pursued on the general principle that the
dog would be treated very cruelty by an
enemy, so that the creature is taught to
creep round the foe unnotIced, and to give
distinct warming of a hostile approach,
without bringing itself into notice. For
instance in the German training process,
some of the soldiers put on French and
Russian uniforms to represent the enemy.
This arrangement. by the bye. suggests
the idea that the Germans have quite
made up their mind whom they are going
to fight when the great war does come.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22

ALBANY, Jan. 19.-The state working
mems assembly has elected as president
John Phillips of New York; as secretary,
James Brown Of Utica and rs treasurer,
james II. Duln Of Albany
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22
SUCCESSFUL IN POLITICS.

Mrs. Day Has Twice Been Elected State
Librarian of Kentucky.
Mrs. Mary Brown Day is G pluclly lit
tie woman who not only believes that
there is room for woman IN politics, but
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1894-01-22

The Improvement in the business world
steadily increases. The two commercial
agencies confirm more favorable trade le-
ports. r. G. Dun < Co say: While in
dustrial improvement continues. the gain
is slow. and increase in the purchasing
power of the people by enlargement of the
force at work is in measure counter
balanced by the loss in purchasing power
of the people through reduction in wages"
Bradstreet's is even more hopeful in its
report: Special kilograms from many of
the more important cities, it says, based
on interviews in leading lines of trade,
make it plain that the improvement re-
ported a week ago, characterized as the
turn in the tide, has been retained ard
added to. There are onlj 404 failures in
business reported this week, against 484
last week, 200 one year ago, and 405 in the
third week of January, 1892"