The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1894-07-25

heat into the soil and through that
agency forces along the growth. That
''tillage is manure" may not be quite
true. yet it greatly aids the growth of
plants.
The many grape vines loaded with
small punches, to be seen in the fall.
tell the tale of overloaded vines. What
a mistake it is to have half a dozen
canes where one only should be. The
one cane should give fine, large berries
and punches, which would weigh just as
much as the fruit on the half-dozen canes
Of the ether vine.
Some of the experiment stations have
for several years conducted experiments
in the use of commercial fertilizers in
wheat growing. The average results thus
far have been an increase of 80 per cent.
in yield per acre over that grown with
out such fertilizers in the same fields.
Many instances show much larger in
crease, but the average has been found
as stated.
The best way to get rid of the small
red spiders which are sometimes found
on the backs of rose leaves is to syringe
occasionally with suds of homemade
soap. This is also remedy for mildew.
The green worms which are sometimes
found on rose leaves can be remedied by
applying with a syringe soap suds in
which has been placed a tablespoonful
of kerosene TO the gallon.
be made conspicuous. 1t Is said that all
farmers aim for this success. They do
in some degree but they too frequently
allow the repulsive part to become too
prominent. Weeds offend the beauty of
fields, poor fences allow the intrusion
Of unruly animals, rubbish takes the
place of neatness and general disorder
prevails through the barn and buildings.
No law. no cooperative efforts, no
luck. can have any effect upon the yield
OF milk nor the cost of the feed, nor
the thorOughness of the Dreaming, nor
the quality Of the product These ends
are wholly wrought out by the juds-
ment thought and skill of the owner.
The success Of the dairy depends upon
the man who owns the cows. He can
elect 10 own good stock and do thorough
work If he will.
Most of the common edible plants OF
the garden have been known to man for
long ages. There are doubtless many
wild pants that, If subjected to cultiva-
ton. will prove valuable, but the average
farmer or gardener is little likely to take
this labor on himself. 1t is one of the
most interesting and promising fields
that we know of for investigating by the
numerous experimental stations now at
work in all the states of the Union.
Mr. Cook, a New York dairyman who
milks from sixty to seventy cows, says
that he gets the best results from cows
that go dry not more than six weeks or
two months. They need this time for
rest, but he would not have one that
persists I'm going dry three or four months
at the expense of his pOcketbook. Some
COWS are persistent mixers, refusing to
dry up and he has them in his dairy
that have been constantly in milk for
five years.
Not a busheI of corn should be turned
into pork without knowing whether it
will bring as much money as though it
had been sold at the warehouse, says
a writer. 1t is not easy for the average
farmer to determine just what it costs
him to feed off, his drove of hogs. It
would be often better to sell them off to
the professional feeder at this stage. Lack
of profit usually lies in slow development
at the early stage, or in the final cost
of fatteninE.
Thorough work from the first costs
somewhat more, but it pays when the
crop comes to be harvested. The mistake
of the poor farmer is often most seen in
his attempts to grow the crops that cost
least labor 1t Is such crops that never
pay very largely. because there are too
many farmers in that kind Of competition.
1t is true in farming as it is in every
other kind Of business, that the extra
work which is more than most will at
tempt, pays the best.
Make the farm a neat and attractive
place if you would have boys and young
men attracted by it. Remove the rub
bish and drain wet places and ponds and
then you will perform the required labor
at less expense than when you were
annoyed by it or when you were wading
through mud. Stumps and bushes
cleared from your fields will make better
and cheaper cultivation. A stony field
will become greatly improved by con-
verting the stones into stone walls, and
makes easier blowing.
At the agricultural experiment station
Of Maine state college observations COW
ering the period of growth of four years
have shown that the excess Of moisture
in forest above that of open field aver
ages 10 per cent, reaching Il per cent.
in the middle of the day. The excess
would undoubtedly be greater in a very
dense forest. The presence Of patches
of forest in any region exerts a marked
influence on the microscopic conditions of
the atmosphere, and this condition, in
turn, is an important factor in the growth
of vegetation.
One of the most nutritive food sub
stances that has lately been brought to
this country is the sofa or soya bean.
1t originally came from Japan, where
it is highly esteemed. The straw of the
sofa bean is richer in protein than
meadow hay, while the meal from the
bean itself is richer than linseed meal
or gluten. The sofa bean is one OF these
leguminous Plants which gets most of
its nitrogen from the air, and. therefore,
does not exhaust the soil as does the
growing of fax, from whose seed linseed
meal and oil are made. -,,-
White clover is too short and small
to be available for hay making we
know of no plant that makes a better or
more enduring pasture. Land that is
once well seeded with white clover is
never afterward entirely clear from it.
Seeds form in the heads all through the
season, and they have the faculty of ly-
ing i'm the ground without injury and
growing whenever a favorable chance Of
fers. The plant also spreads by trailing
on the ground and roofing from the joints,
as a strawberry will do, whenever there
is soft or moist place to strike its roots
into
A writer in the Orange Judd Farmer
has thoroughly tested his colonies, and
says that when he runs them for comb
honey he has not been able to get any
large number to average over fifty or
sixty pounds to the colony, but colonies
in the same yard, run for extracted
honey, have averaged from 125 to 100
pounds in a season The bees run for ex-
tracted honey were given empty combs
rapidly as they could fill them. He
keeps his queens clipped and has little
or no trouble from swarming. In this
hive, he claims to be able to care for 400
colonies, and do it easier than he could
handle half that number in sections.
Hints to HOusekeepers.
Mahogany furniture should be washed
with warm water and soap; AN application