davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
FRI NIGH
UTTlULn .
[ ial1Snd q Rattln in
And Many Are Killed and
Wounded.



by Associated preaa.
Iond,n Ian Il poriirnlnrs cnnccrn-
49,
lns 'hc p"lee pe'We'h t'o r'h'n eNu
British troops on the frontiers Of sierra
Leone, on tho northwest coast Of Africa.
,r, .,,,,i,,, i 1,,,t, ,,I .,.,,., han.
"'v ''''n"s 'u si'Ni' "pu wy nVu
seems to give grhVer aspect TO the
affair lho situation will require care
fd hondlfr,, in nrJer Ia nv,rt sorious
contradictions
Particulars ot the engagement re-
ceiyed today say that the British force.
s,ia IN prnher ,l,out Am nntive t,,,ons
'''. Wv ",'"'V, "VV", wv '"'''' 800,
hrhl against lhe SOFAS were 'hoaihpeu
near Warxr-wthn the sphere of Brit
igh iuanpiHc. Shortly before daylight
~, D,.,.,,l,.., ~ ,l,, mn, ,,..,. ,,,o,l.ol
w."
10y thirty SehegMeNr sharpShoo'ers' sup
ported by twenty-five uatvc French
nn,illories unksr I.icut Aloritz Of fie
-, ~, -
ir'hrn reEu'"r army, iu' rr"ipn
opened fire upon the British, who re.
pied, aud after the fighting had con
,i,rod 10. nv, ,i,,, in, Tr,,,J ro,iro1
ana lAeuN Moflt4' VINO mao peeh
wounded, was captured by the British
ANA hro,,yht mi, coipp ImmeliatcIv
,,n,, toi,,,, .,,a.,io,,,,I W. 10 MI 800,
upon "v'Ns p"''''"'''' W :" "'' i''''"
for opening IRE upon the British troops,
Lieut. Mortz explained that ho mlslook
,he RrIlisb for a ror,e of S,r,s nnder
81, -,
European uHh''f' ana Nra" l'N"'rH
lieut. Moritz, In spite of the assist
nnce promptly rendered him, died Of his
,,.,,,rJs
IN aadlh"n' zen OF me Seh'gnlrR'
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
DIRE THREATS 10 poPuLtsrs.
BY Associated Press.

ropebn. lNan.. Jan Ga number Of
anonymous aud threatening letters have
been received by state otliccrs within The
nast two weeks inumnting that various
schemes were on foot 10 wrcuk vengeance
lpun the leaders Of the Peoples party.
The nlot, ns fan as revealed. contemplated
tlc kidnapping Of Adit-Gcn Arig. and
have been committed in Colorado The
conspirNtors also threaten The lifo Of
Governor lvwollmr Secretary Osborne
was informed that harm would come 10
MN Tor refusing to issue a charter to The
A. T. A.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
DIR, CLINTON cAvENDIsH.

F7TTTVTII 10 ITI0 NTAVIVV'
San Antonio, Tex. Jan CDR. Gin
ton Cavcndish. the great traveller. died
here today He was an Englishman. 81
years 'of age. lie had been all over
the world several times, and for several
years had resided on a coffee plantation
in Colombia. South Amerird He was
well known ell over Mexico and had iei-
tors from President Diaz. lie was pre-
pairing a book on botany al the time Of
his death. being by profession a physician.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
STATE
OFFICERS
MUM
On the Reported Fight
in Hawaii.
REPORT GENERALLY BELIEVED.
3 Department Received
a Cipher Dispatch.
The omeials VIII Say Nothing-The
Hawaiian Legation Knows Moth
ing-wnlis, it is Feared, Was
Indiscreei-Thc senate
Wants News.
q : 3 Department Received
a Cipher Dispatch.


BY Associated Press.
Washington, Jan. G.-Great rcticcnce
is shown in government circles concern
ing adviccs from Honolulu received by
the Corwin. 1t was learned however
from official circles that the dispatches
practically confirm everything stated in
the cablcgram received by the Associated
Press from Auckland and published cX-
cusiyely Friday morning by papers re-
cciving its report. Officials of The state
and navy departments now accept the
cable advice as accurate.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
MRS. SARAH SLAUGHTER.
Snecial tn tho Gazette

Palo Pinto. Tex. Jan. O.-Nlrs. Sarah
Slaughter, one of the oldest settlers OF
this county, died at the residence OF her
husband, Rev. G. w Slaughter. five mill
north Of this place. at o o'clock Ibis
morning, Deceased was 40 wears of age.
more than "a years Of which she IN
lived in Texas and IS in this county. She
was the mother OF G.. c.. W. y. and
j. b. Slaughter, who are wei known in
cattle circles of Texas
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07

Thousands of others have
made fortunes by the u.s. of
printers ink, and there is no
reason why you can't do so.
Advertise your business, and
advertise It right OF course
that means TO use The Ga
zette. Ring up the ad, man.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
NAmoNAL BoAnp oE TRApE.

Washington, Dee. 1.-THE twenty fourth
meeting Of the Nntional board Of fride
viii De Held NJ the shorrham. 10 this city.
on the 2id inst Local b0nrds NompIis-
ing the national organization were in fa-
vor Of this oily for the meeting place,
ia order that they might come INFO close
contact with their respective representa-
tives regarding certain congressional leg
ls-ation, which is the object " tie meet
ing
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
LOT 2.

/ There are 33 garments in this lot long we'll ode,
In and without Capes; material good can olo>A
Fey are well trimmed and very handsome Cloaksy N,
70 90 $500 and high $35 90, but 49,,
rked, going TO sell this lot of Cloaks cohf
e YOUR pick for So. 80. Have you heard of a
ater cutI We think not S6.85.
Also deep cut IS Jackets All at one price,
so. Jackets that sold at So rs So %, 1913, ST. So
20, 50. so. all at price-S2. 60
deep cut in one rack of super fashionable Jackets
the newest and latest styles Jackets that were unpre
lentedly cheap at So so, ST. so IS rs and SIS So
300.
Jackets that were cheap at $40 CO. $40, s1275,
r. 90 S14. So now go at $3.50
Jackets that SIC sc, $l7 so SIS %; $40 So,
|1.0p all go at $3.50.
Elegant line Flannelette Wrappers warranted the
|ndsomest dresses sold for ST. 70, 81. so $40
25. 81, rs and 80 90 Take elevator second floor
II you want to cothe your children nicely with little
|ney visit REMNANT counter this week. Fine WOODEN
INFANTS to yards in the piece go at cotton prices
|lu'l find bargains on this counter
47c Corsets-how they did fly, We have about l75
oil 500 left You get this 81 25 Corset Monday at
|'cs Best Corset bargain on earth
We now taking annual inventory and are not
ting price stand in way of any odd lots of goods We
Ssh to close out Remember this is cleaning house
r. We don't intend you will next any goods
i'm this
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
wEnn nRrrAL rowARp ma.

New York. Jan q The actress. Miss
Van Zandt. arrived today from india
where she Jeff Mrs. james Brown Pot
Il left because OF M treatment. Nm
Potter and Kyrle Bellew were positively
biutal III their actions toward me-
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
rwo BURNED TO DEATH.
--anclatnl nru..

~. Jan. G-The ducal castle Of
|Hrg. which has recently been used
NJ offices Of che district anihnrities
Rmplele.y Quilted by fire at i
* this morning. The district d.
n aud coachman were burned 20
n the building. and a number Of
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07

London, Jan. CA dispatch to the
Chronicle from Stuttgart says:
Count Tauberhein, president of the
prvy council. is dead
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
SENATOR coCKREGL's WIFE.
By Associated Press.

Washington. Jan @, Mrs. Il. NJ. Cock
roll, wife Of Senator Cockrel of Mis-
souri,. died at $40 O'Clock this afternoon
at the family residence in this city.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
MRs. ROBINSON LocKE.

Toltdo, o.. Jan. 6.-NIrs. RoMnson
IKE, wife Of The editor Of the Toledo
De- died this morning Of Ia grippe In
SIN year. She was the daughter Of
late Hon. C. 4. King of this city.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
WnATHER FoREcAsr

By Associated Press.
Washington. Jan. 6.--Forecast until s
p. m. Sunday Eastern Texas Fair.
preceded by showers 10 the South East.
ern portion; much colder. cold wave In
Centrai aud Northern portions
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
NuncEs ~ poRr.

Special to The Ga2e,lc
Galveston. Tex. Jan. G--Auiycd-
Steamship Nueocs. from New York, with
general merchandise
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
"REAL ESTATE. I"

Being In liquidation. we Offer q great
variety Of Real Estatc holdlres consisting
Of hne residences business aud bulldog
lots. and an immense acreage Of improved
and unimproyed lands for sale at q aacrl-
dee,
me MERCHANTS hiTJ0RAL sAAk
FORT WORTH. IgtxAa
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
4 FARliER KILLED .

Seguin, Tex, Jan. g. Robert Milman
was killed thie evening By being thruwu
from hia buggy He was farmer.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07

valuable documents aud considerable
sum Of money were destroyed during the
cOnfagra ton.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
DEATHS.

COL, EDWARD HINCKEN.
Associated Press.
Eew York, Jan. Col Edward
|cAeh died today. lie was president
|lhe Produce exchange for three terms
was one of lis most prominent mem.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07

"A Cloak sale without precedent without sense Its
Sless, but have determined to do it. 10 they must
have rs Cloaks in long lengths which not of this
rsmake They very useful for winter; will prove
Ypsefu for the extreme cold weather that is promised
TOR the next two months We will say TO you, in this
ton that this will be the greatest slaughter sale
4e ever made in Fort Worth If you do not need one
lilsef buy for a neighbor less favored than your
1t will be better than giving money, because the
ak you get will be worth five times the price you pay
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07

XI Our lines Of domestic coal this
w. season include the well-known
4. on Colorado. Cameron. Matt
/. IIhbfnson aud III Moro lumn and
1|tn and Rouse Egg. Indian Terri
i |aAIiietcr. PENNSYLVANIA Anihra-
M Az siyes. Smiihng Coal. Piedmont,
Lttihrd. steam Coal IN carlots on track.
Atm AND FEED. wholesale and
ftf4N retail. Choicest grades Terri
md Texas HAY in house and on truck.
Con- and Cats at retail or in car lots.
L.nLEY g. BlBB,
en-. l2uslz and Sixth Phone id7.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07
LOT l.,

asists of 40 long length Coats with Capes
hout some loose fitting and some tight made of Kur
Beaver Cheviot and atwood Melton Cloths This lot
worth $3.50 $500 and SIS 90; Monday you HAYES
lr pick at So 80 Just think, onefourth value $4,98
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1894-01-07

ence with Secretary Gresham at the
state department The senator said he
learned nuthng as Ia the dis ntches
brought by the revenue cutter Curwin.
Nv A-a..t.taa ~
The morning call., 1894-12-26

dom there were found many instances of
bright and cheering kundness-gOOd cheer
and good will. There were turkey dinners
with pound of fat turkey to the man.
supplemented WIKI juicy roast pig. roast
veal. broiled chicken. and the whole menu
topped off with cakes. candies and pies of
many varieties, including the regulation
indigestible crustacean filled with mince-
meat.
At the various houses of detention,
which may properly come under the head
of jails. there was better and a richer
fragrance of Yule tide than in the others,
with one execution. That exception was
the New City Hall Prison. The inmates
Of that jail, to use their own expression,
'Dad b picnic"
The morning call., 1894-12-26
Mexico's Mineral Wealth.

The numb"r OF mines now being worked In
Mexico, according 10 recent data, is at least
5000, with others worked only at intervals.
worthy OF mention. If to lbese are added the
large number of abandoned claims, many of
which II reopeDed would yield important re-
now in course of development-tbe total would
reach, according TO our chief informant. SIN.
credible igurrs." while new mines are being
discovered day by day.
The total amount invested in the silver mines
OF Mexico Is roughly estimated at 91 CO. OOO..
900. OF which not more than one-eighth is
TO one-tbird of The latter, or &c, 800 OOO is
British capital The annual yield of Mexican
silver and gold collectively Is set down at about
about $500. 900. and of coal at $500, 900. If
we include iron, sulphur. MARBLE clay, mer-
curry, salt, stone and metalloids. the estimated
annual total OF miulng products would amount
to not less than 3,400, OOO.-The Westmin-
ster Review
The morning call., 1894-12-26
FRENCH INVENTIONS.
Some Strange Ones Offered to the
French War Department.

AShSh oA
Some amusing particulars of the inventions
that have been offered to the French War Office
since 1871 have recently been published in a
French newspaper, the majority OF which are
about equal TO the Laputan scheme for ploWing
fields, namely. by sowing acnrns In rows and
tnen turning In pigs TO root them up. One
genius sought patent for the training Of
squadrons OF horsefiles. These auXiliaries were
10 be fed exclusively on blood served up be-
meath the delicate epidermis of mechanical
ngures clothed In the uniforms of III mbers of
the ulple alliance, so that when political rela-
tons In Europe were strained the flies might be
given daily little OF the juice of certain
poisonous plants, and on actual declaration OF
war turned out in thr path of the enemy.
Another ingenious person proposed scheme
for educating war dogs. In times OF peace he
would teach French dogs 10 bite lay figures
wearing Prussian helmets Ia order that on the
outbreak of war the kennels of the whole coun.
try might be moblliZed md let loose on the
enemy. Then there are numerous proposals
Tor bridging rivers by means of roies att ched
to cannon balls, and photographed suggests
novel kind OF captive she'll. which, breaking
over the fortified position OF an enemy, would
disclose small camera attached to a para
chute. The enrmy's Notifications would be In
simultaneously photographed aud the appara US
hauled back by the string and the negatives de.
Yeloped at leisure.
Two ideas are very Inhumau One fs a
scheme for sending large quantities OF poisoned
needles. as II In charity, TO the enemy's gen.
erals, who would, of course, distribute them to
their forces, and 80 poison the unfortunate
users: and the other TO charge explosive bullets
with pepper Two objects are pursued by the
inventor of The pepper; its discharge would
blind the enemy, aud he greal demand for the
c0ndlment In war time would stimulate the
French colonies and Increase the revenue OF
the country. There are also many other equally
absurd propositions. such as suggestions for
making soup by machinery. growing potatoes
on bairack roofs in December. and killing
whole army corps of Prussians by pOst-but
they are far too numerous to be MENTIONED
London Court Journal.
The morning call., 1894-12-26
DEER in SCOTLAND.
The Game That Affords Sport for
the fiuntSman


Of the f0ur-fOoted gam the largest are the
deer The roebuck is the only member OF the
family in a truly wild condition. His small
size nimbleness and ungregarous habits en-
able him to wander from one place to another
with measure OF immunity. In wooded val
leys and within reach of the hills he seems TO
be well able 10 look after himself lie abounds
I'D the northern couni ies-in Perthshire The
highland districts OF Aberdeen shire and Forfar-
shire and Is thinly scattered over the central
valley.
he red deer, or stag, has by no means the
same claim to be regarded as a wild animal as
In The days when the Commons King made his
memorable excursion through the Trossachs.
He Is now coOped up in savage Businesses
with mountain fences 5000 feet high. behind
which he only wanders In an exceptionally
hard winter. The forests" with which | am
acquainted would neither maintain a crofter
nor even reimburse a sheep farmer, and are
simply Incapable OF being put to any other
use.
In the middle of the day the deer are seldom
10 be seen, except by practIced eye as they
are then at rest aud lying quietly among the
rough heath. or IL may be in The shadow of
some birch copse. In the early morning or on
the approach OF evening they feed downward
toward the grassy sides of the rivers and burns
Their scent Is sharper than their sight. They
detect the intruding bOtanist or geoogist long
before they see him. and. by their actions ap-
prise the keeper that trespasser Is at hand
The fallow deer Is still further from the true
feral condition. and can only be regarded as an
ornamental domestic animal, kept to give pic
turesQueness 10 the park around the mansion
His grass Is provided ana his water is sure
The Gentlemans Magazine.
The morning call., 1894-12-26
ALASKAN NEWS.
Small Quantity Brought by the
Steamer Mexico.

steamer Mexico.
PORT TOWNSEND Wash, Dec. 25.-The
steamer Mexico, which arrived from
Southeast Alaska tonight, brings the fol-
lowing advices:
The Grand Jury at juneau has indicted
twenty-five citizens for selling liquor to
Indians.
Hiram Shell, W. A. Hubbard and Frank
Jergens, charged with rObbing the Tread
well chlorination watts of $4,000 in bullion,
have been C nvicted. She'll and Hubbard
were sentenced to Jail liz Sitka for one
wear and Jergens 10 fifteen months fn San
Quentin.
Chief Soun Doc. the Indian Voodoo doc
tor who kept woman impriso ned in de-
serted cabin for six days without food
because she was elspicioned to be 10
league with the evil one, the woman after
ward dying from the fleets of exposure,
has been adjudged guilty OF mauslaughter
and sentenced TO San Quentin for fifteen
years.
Adolph Meyer, ex-Deputy Marshal, has
been indicted on three counts for EN- beg
Zling funds belonging to Marshal Porter.
His shortage is $1,000.
James Finnegan, ex-Deputy Marshal
and Deputy Collector of Customs, was &C
cidcntally drowned at Kodiak by falling
eff the wharf.
William Ogilbie and party of Canadian
Boundary Commi ssioners have arrived at
Juneau and are preparing to survey the
trail from Takou Inlet to the headwaters
of the Yukon River. distance of 23OO
miles.
The morning call., 1894-12-26
MAGDALEN ASYLUM.
Santa Claus and the Cooks Were
Unusually Kind.

It is needless to say that Christmas was
remembered and duly observed at the
Magdalen Asylum. Other days might pass
without especial notice being taken by the
good sisters, but Christmas never. There
was good cheer. good will. love and kindness
all through the great brick building, and
for the time the girls forgot the iron bars
that guard the windows and the heavy
bolts that guard the outer doors.
Every one OF the 125 inmates received
Christmas present. One of the girls was
dressed up as Santa Claus and gave 10 each
valuable gift. The usual religious ser
vices were carried through as matter of
course, but after these were over the girls
were given freedom to play as they chose.
The good sisters themselves took part IN
the games.
Then there was a feast-the most ortho-
dOx Christmas dinner in the whole list.
There was turkey. veal. pies of mince and
otherwise, and the whole was cllmaxed by
The morning call., 1894-12-26
SCARED BURGLAR.
A Shot That May Have
Taken Effect.
He Tries TO Break Into the Office
of the Broadway Brewery and
Is Fired At.

A burglar tried to effect an entrance to
the office of the Broadway Brewery on
Nineteenth and Folsom streets, between 2
and O'Clock Monday morning.
The noise awakened Adolph thinner
man. the foreman, who sleeps on the
premises. He jumped out of bed, seized
his revolver and slipped to he rear. Ashe
turned the corner OF the Office building he
saw the burglar
zimmerman startled the burglar bv
shouting at him, Throw up your hands"
The burglar glanced hurriedly round and,
seeing he revolver pointed at him, ue did
not throw up his hands, but made dash
for he high fence that surrounds the
building.
Zimmerman ian after him, calling upon
him TO stop or he would fire. but he did not
heed his hreats and rapidly scaled the
fence, which was a most difficult under
taking considering its height and also
that wire runs around the top.
Just as the burglar got to the top of the
fence Zimmerman fired. The burglar gave
a yell and disappeared Oh the o her side of
the fence.
The report of the shot was heard by
four officers who happened to be al differ
ent points not far from the brewery at the
time. They all ran in the direction of the
shot, but did not find any trace Of the
burglar.
They ascertained from Zimmerman what
caused him to fire the shot. and they made
a dligent search of the neighborhood
without any result.
Zimmerman was so satisfied that his shot
took effect that he called at the Receiving
hospital yesterday and inquired il a man
with gunshot wound in him had been
taken there. The register showed that no
such person had been treated at the hos
pital, and ne left very much disappont TED
at not finding him there.
The morning call., 1894-12-26
INTERESTING WHEAT FUTURES.
One Place Where Lady Editors
Made a Hit.

MINNEAPOLIS, Dec. ga feature of
general Interest in the grain trade of the
country appears In the Journal to-day,
the editorial staff of which is composed of
prominent women of Minneapolis, the
commercial department being in charge of
Mrs. Charles E. Lewis. Mrs. Lewis Sc
cured letters on the wheat situation from
prominent men in the trade in the United
States and Canada and they were printed
In the Journal, making it perhaps the
most complete symposium On wheat ever
printed in the United States.
A striking feature of the present is the
very general agreement of men in the
trade in New York, Baltimore, Chicago,
San Francisco and St. louis that the
outlook for an advance in prices of wheat
is not encouraging. Many speak slight
ingly of wheat feeding. The general char
acter ofithe views presented is very frank.
The morning call., 1894-12-26

Branch County Jails, one of which is the
old House of Correction. The same same
ness was there, only more of it.
In the Branch Jail fifty female prisoners
are confined. They are in there because
life du not agree with them out in the
Opener, rather, they did not agree with
life. lew more Christmasses spent by
them as was yesterday may reconcile
them to the pleasures of liberty. There
was no observation IF Christmas at all,
neither for the sake of the stomach or the
soul. The everyday b Il of fare, coarse,
cheap and tiresome, was all that presen ted
Itself to the appetites of these unfortunate
women. had it not been for gift of
lot OF oranges by the Salvation Army, the
female prisoners might have remained in
ignorance of the dav and date
The prisoners confined in the old House
of Correction had as good cheer as their
sisters across the way, less the oranges.
The morning call., 1894-12-26
IN JAILS AND ELSEWHERE.
Contrasts in the Observances of
the Day.
FAIR AND OTHERS DARK.
New City Hall Prison-County Jail
and the MagdaIen Asylum
Take the Palm.

Some of those who are under duress had
ample Christmas cheer yesterday; some
did not 1t is even doubtful if all the iu-
mates of San Francisco's numerous pris-
ons and other houses of detention knew
that yesterday was the most joyful holiday
of the year. 1t is certain that many of
them received no substantial evidence of
the occasion from the powers that rule
over them.
Still. there were many out of jail who
would have liked TO be in it, even for the
sake of the coarse boiled beef, spuds and
stale bread that was dispensed yesterday
the same as any other day.
But throughout all San Francisco's jail
The morning call., 1894-12-26

and. failing to pay taxes on his Iowa lands.
hey were sold at tax sale. The tax
titles thus acquired were purchased by
parties who improved the lands and have
lived Tor many years on them. In 1898
Irwin died 10 Nebraska, and now his heirs
have brought suit to redeem them from
the tax sales, claiming Irwin was insane at
the time the lands were sold for taxes. and
so continued up to the time of his death.
In Clay County alone over seventy differ
ent farmers are involved