davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1894-05-13
III.

As regards the selection OF the Instrument
through which propulsion is to be obtained.
experiments have proved that reaction lets
whether from explosives. steam or blasts OF
air; that wave action that yalVular folding
or fsatherinR paddles or yAnes; have all
turned out. on practical application. to be
inferior TO screw propsllsrs or TO propslling
wings. and that the two latter appliances are
about equally effective. II Is 10 be under
stood. however that this statement refers to
wings eonsidelei only as propslling instru-
msnts aud not aS sustaining surfaces The
conclusion is that the third problem may now
be solved either with screws or with waving
wings. as may best suit the rest OF the design
This brings us 10 the fourth aud Important
sub prOblem namely. what kind or form OF Ap-
DArAtus should be selected for sustaining the
weight whether nADping wings. screws. or
acceptance II Is suggested that the best m Sas-
urs Of comparison will be the weights. which
experiment. shows nAY be sustained per
horse power with each form. considered In
Oonnsction with the weight OF the con.
AtTostiOn required TO maze that form Gbun-
dAnily strong against the resulting strains
The difference between the weight sus-
tAnAbls and the necessary weight Of
ths construction will Indicate the proper
tlon Of the whole weight which may 10
deVOtsd tO'ths mOtOr Going on TO examine
SsuNrStely each Of tho three Kinds OF Rppa-
Tatus. Mr. ChAnute sAys that ne DO not yet
knoW accurately how nanJ rounds per horse
power can he sustained with a bird-liks ap-
psTAIus Of tapping EingA On the whole. how
s'sL s9I author u induced to sdnitthat IbVUt
The sun., 1894-05-13
LII

We pass TO the second count In the iDdiet-
msnt brought By historians against Richard
III. On the night Of May n. l47l. the same
daJ on which Edward ~. returned to LondoR
aud lust seventeen days after the battle Of
Tswkss6ury. DeTished 10 duranes and
misery. tHs lsst King OF the House OF LAneas-
ter. the gentle. pious. aud unfortunate Henry
VI On the following dAY. We are told his
body, borne baTsfaeed on the bier" and sur
rounded by more glAyss and slaves than
torches" vas carried from the Tower to ST.
PauIs. where L remained t0E some time sx-
The sun., 1894-05-13

The sixth problem cannot be said TO be
solved for there Is considerable uncertainty
concerning the best materials TO be employed
for the framing and for the moving parts and
also as to what should be the texture OF the
sustaining surfaces in an actual flying ma
chine. Hitherto the main object has been to
construct a model which would fly at all : and
experiments with models have not thrown
much light on the question Of materials. II a
partial success be attained, this! sub. problem
will assume greater importance. 1t involves
considering materials from a somewhat new
point of Wow. or Investigating their strength
and stiffness per unit OF weight. The quill OF
birds feather is stronger and more elastic
than an equal weight Of steel. and the texture
OF its barb Is peculiar. To Mr.. Chanuts II now
seems probable that bamboo. the lighter OF
the stin woods. and some varieties OF steel
will be found to be the preferable materials
for framing. He points out that. contrary TO
popular belief aluminium Is inferior to steel
per unit OF weight. particular In compress
sion; but II does not eoTrode. and on that ac-
count mGy. be recommended II may be
utilized for the sustaining surfaces either
as thin sheets or wire gAuZo made
smooth By some coating; but in our
authors opinion textile isbries will prob.
ably be the first to be employed for sized
apparatus. One important requirement how
ever. 10 that the surfaces shall not unduly
change their shape under VARYING air press
urea They must lie rigid. and perhaps elias
tic, ana the fiuttsrinG Oi textile fabrics is
likely to give trouble 10 sxpsTimenterS Il
may be. therefore. that thin wood. parchment
or pAStsboard mas prove preferable. the latter
being corrugated lsngthWiss Of the direction
Of motion ~ order TO gain Stiffness. We are
reminded tha5 the barb Of leather l. snsSth
The sun., 1894-05-13

Th. ..r,,.., .r,r. q, no,n, =, s.,. v,t,, 81. u.
Tudor chronicI.r. h.v. .ttr,hutad % R,oh. "a
q, GIop.a.tar 4. . .h.ra In IN. murd.r ., IA :
w.rd princa n, W.,a. ha,r a, th. Hou.a .,
Tancsst.rl .,,.r tb. b,,tI. q, T.vL..hurv
Ac.o,dIno to IN. common x.r.,on a, mi.
tragedy Edv.rd ~ on m. xoung prime. h.
inc brongh M into nj. nra.snc. h.pobtiI, a al "A
him how h, darsd 10 t.ks mn Arm. se.inst h,.
lawful sovaraign VIII, , hoIdn... .nd . s,a.
nit, snch a. h.c.m, , pr.nd.on NJ H.nrvV
the ROYAL youth rspled that he was in arms to
,..,u. a fsthar from mI..r.hI. onnrassion
and 70 recover a crown tb., had ham yioIsntlv
u.urn.d Inc.nssd Al hi. b.rdIhood tba KIM
4. s.Id 10 bavs .truck him Nth bI. g.untI.t
on which The Dnk,. Of CIarenca and GIonce.-
tar IN. Naronis n, Do,.a, and Lord Uo.tings
are an.oad m have hurriad him from Edvard.s
prs.snr. ana 10 have daspntcnsd him an an
.d;oinjng .nartmsnt With THAR noIn.rds Tna
.arIisst vrItsr who rscopntsd mi. .,orv x,.
PoIvdors virgil and Mr. J..sa admits that bia
apthorItv in..mu.h a. n. h.d conv.r.ad III.
soma a, ,ha .c,or.s,, the s..n.. xhI.h n. Az.
s.rjha. mu.t h. r.c.Iv.d vI,h con.I5.r.h.
dsfsr.nca On m. oth.r hand :, "a no,n,.S
ont mot on,y that poIydora VIRGIL v,s noto,
rim sIv infect.d with Iancastrisn nraiudi...
hn, th., he vro,s his history Ar IN. a,nrs..
ds.irs NJ U,nrv VII and consaou.ntIv vi,h
sv.rv inducsm.nt 10 m align the ch. rac,., .nd
acts Of RIcb.rd III Moreover thsrs Ar. Az.
tsnt IN. .ccoupts ot ,tilI oIdsr vr,t.rs ,b.,
PoIydors Virgil, not one OF whom cb.r~s.
richard q, Gloucester with bsin9 . psrtIcIn.nt
IN this crime Buek ON the authority NJ . con-
Temporary MS. asserts that when the attack
The sun., 1894-05-13
! X

The general problem having been thus de-
composed into its several elements. and each
element having been considered aS = separate
suG-Problsm. It Is PLATA that the mechanical
obstacles to be suTmOuntsd are very great.
but Mr.. ChaEuts deems il fair 10 say that none
Of them can nov be pronounced insuDsTAbls.
and that material progress has rsssntly been
made t0EsTd thsiT B0lati0R. Ths rssistanSs
The sun., 1894-05-13
The H.rs.r IL Va. ,h., DIsa.

AERoS, Nay I'M George ShAhsT. barber
alsd today, On "Wednesday as he vas shaw
Ing customer he accidentally cut HE thumb
DoAsoning Goon set u.
The sun., 1894-05-13

When Richard OF Gloucester played tho lover
thus successfully was he in reality the de-
formed. crooked. repulsiVs being. such as he
II depicted In the preIudiesd pages Of the Ian
sastTiAn chronicles and in the dramas Of
Shakespeare According 10 sir Thomas More.
be Was little Oi stature. ill-lsatuTed Of limbs
crook backed. his loft shoulder much higher
than bis right, and haTd-testursd OF yisage."
Hall and speed draw an exactly similar pie
turs. HolInshsd also describes him as small
and lltls Of stature his body greatly de-
sornV' hiS 00uRlsRaRss sEusg" ARd 81
The sun., 1894-05-13
VIII.

Inc AngntlnR bdIoly dnyWnoro 10 also an un-
solved sub-problsm. and one. obviously. Of
vital consequence. II has been slurred over
By most inventors OF flying machines. and the
best method which has been thus far proposed
involves the selection Of . smooth. soft piece
OF ground and the aliRhting thereon at an
acute angle. When It is considered that the
speed necessary for support will be somewhere
from twenty to forty miles an hour. It 10 mani
fest that the alighting will be somewhat dan
gerous and that II would be preferable. II the
design Of the apparatus will permit OF it, TO
initiate the manHuvre OF the bird. who stops
his. headway by opening his wings wide. tilt
ing back his body. and obtaining the utmost
possible pressure and retArdation from the air
before AlRhting upon the ground. This would
require for flying machine rapid change OF
the csntre OF gravity so as to tilt the apparatus
backward to the angle OF maximum lift" tby
lift Is meant the force which sustains weight
vertically as against gravity. and. imme-
diately thereafter. = counter change OF the
centre OF gravity so as TO bring the apparatus
back upon an even keel in order TO AliGht at
the diminished velocity. This mAnRuyrs We
are told. Is not As difieult and dangerous as
at fret sight it appears; but the author con-
siders that It would be preferable to utilize the
reaction ola rotating screw to diminish the
forward motion aud to hover over the Rroand
before AIightinG This involves the same dif-
neulTy in design which has been mentioned as
desirable for use in rising for 1t seems scarce
" practicable, within the requisite limits Of
weight. TO provide two sets OF sustaining sur
faces. one set to be used in rising and in
AlightinR. and the other to serve In horizontal
flight These last two sub problems. the ris-
ing and the Allghting safely. without special
preparation Of the ground, are GcknOWledEsd
to be vsrJ dinieult OF solution. and will DrobA-
big be the last TO DO work cd out
The sun., 1894-05-13

The guidance In q vertical direction. /. e.. up
or down. will depend In great degree upon
success in the changing OF the centre Of gravity
to which reference has just been made. II may
be partly effected by changes In the speed or
by horizontal rudders. hut In such q case tho
equilibrium will be disturbed. Guidance in
horizontal direction has been secured. as has
been shown In several experiments. by vertical
rudders: but there are probably other methods
still moro effective. although their merits
remain to be tested by actual ex perrin ntation.
Upon the whole. Mr.. Chanute believes that this
sub problem. although 1t may give trouble. Is
not unsolvable. really adequate flying
machine. however. can hardly be said to have
come into existence until II possesses the power
OF starting up into the air under all conditions.
This problem Is as yet unsolved. and may not
bs until the other sub-problems have been
successfully worked out. 1t Is clear that in
rising upward more power will be required
than in horizontal flight: for to the force
required to obtain horizontal support must be
added that required to ascend. and the latter
force will vary with the rapidity OF the upward
motion. Three methods have been made the
subject OF experiments: first, by acquiring
speed and momentum on the ground:
secondly. By the reaction OF rotating
screws: thirdly. by utilizing the force OF
tho wind. Tho frat method requires the use
OF special appliances. such as railway tracks.
so that its application would be limited; and
the third method requires that q wind shall be
blowing. and with sufficient force; either or
both methods may be utilized with the earlier
tyres Of practical machines. should such be
developed: but the writer OF this book thinks
that tho method of rising through the reaction
OF screw will eventually supersede the 9TH
srs. II will involve the difficult designing OF
a form OF sustaining surfaces which can be
alternately rotated as q screw or held as q
fixed Aeroplans In sailing. the change being
effected while under motion In the air. MIR
Chsnute does not believe that . bird-like ma
chine can rise into:the air under all conditions
BY Tapping Its artificial wings. 1t would need
TO bs already up some distance to permit such
action. Birds spring up three or four times
their own height. or run sgainst the wind to
acquire speed. and with vigorous dsps OF wing
they rise at an angle seldom greater than
forty-hve degrees; but their initial action
would be quite lmprActicabls for . machine OF
su ificient size to sustain q man.
The sun., 1894-05-13
sOaE VIEW B0oK@


N"tHE
The series OF articles on Progress IN FlVin9
Machines contributed BY Mr. o. CHANurE 10
the American engineer is now being repub-
lished in nook form. II will probably surprise
most readers 10 learn how much has been ac.
complshch toward overcoming the difficulties
involved, aud to what extent the elements OF .
possible future success have been multiplied
within the last few years. The aim OF the arti-
cies hore collected is threefold: Fret to an
swer tho question whether with our present
mechanical knowledge and appliances. more
particularly the light motors recently devised.
men may reasonably hope eventually TO ny
through the air This question IL answered
in the Affirmative. The writer's second pur-
pose was to avert the waste Of effort on the
part Of inventors. which would result from
trying over again devices which have already
failed To that end an attempt has been
M sde to produce an exhaustive record OF ex-
perime ents hitherto made and to point out the
causes OF their failure. Connected with this
record is the effort to enable an Investigator
70 distinguish between proposals foredoomed
10 failure. and designs worthy OF considera-
tion. and. perhaps Of trial on an adequate
scale. We cannot In the scope OF this notice
undertake to review the various attempts that
but we can briefly indicate the conclusions at
which the author has arrived.
The failures OF the innumerable flying
machines that have been constructed have
resulted from so many different causes that
tt IL evident that many conditions have
20 be taken into account These condi-
tions virtually constitute each . separate
problem. which can probably be solved
In moro ways than one These vari-
Gus solutions must then be harm moniously
combined In Q design which shall deal with
the general problem as q whole. OF these
separate conditions or problems. Mr. Chanute
snumerstes ten. but proceeding to discuss
them in detail. he shows that many Of them
have been approximately solved. especially
since 1889. and that concerning several others
a;better understanding Of the difficulties to be
,urmountsd has been attained.
The sun., 1894-05-13

in one direction and asDsrous In the other;
and II is pronounced possible that similar
texture Of surface may prove Of advantage In
fyinR machines. but this probably will not be
determined until partial success has been
achieved with an apparatus Of sufIlcient size
TO sustain the weight Of man.
The sun., 1894-05-13

All the poems called for last sunday have been ,,,.
~ various kindly readers whom vs thsnt eou.,,..
~; each one Will Kindly take hts or her share an. ~.
Ike b1odls lldernan. depart with snothsrs ,h,,.
A, TO tn. poem containing the tines:
Ey.ry nrsssinS s!ias W, M,ys Z, e.d @ tales to tell
y ". Cole writes that the name Of the poem n,,
given 10 the copy he has bat the suthor il Gsos. ~
mold. The poem 10 a. follows;
Gt,y distance bid esch shnlns san
AMI is.senins fading, FAINT. and ps..
Ny ships went out to tea.
where misty brestsr, rose and felt
.:9.d :9.d. 40. .:r,og:d 10 ;s. hoH:.,,y. .
uf wrecks far out At sea
Todsy song Ia on nv lips:
aits so i:i6s s6cd SRad Rsddts'ii 10 nS TO .SE.
Are coming home from sea-
AZ 10 the other poem. ". A. q. writes; I'm. nn.,-
'IhSssm s.m, sSo,hs5 Ls,i ~ We ions to meet
are 10 be tound in the drama entitled tsd
Dion Boueicsult In the published play the line, ~,
the late accomplished psTsrist was the suthot VI"
Another friend says: lido not recall that fl 90.
entitled Pate or hsd any tls. and In the old d.,, ~
the Union Square Theatre Charles Thorns would t.,s
u thus:
'Ihsre :. another life I long to NEE.
Without which i'fs ,,, IN ne !, ineomplets.
striyius with all thy might to und inc way
6S %S Ss 6n. 5.s. s.h s..lI ns .s, q @ nS
me Latin English poem is not By Principal Fotb,,w ~
ST. Andrews The following letter explain, vhy n
IL isnt-bscsuse some one else wrots II.
IN. IA. a. usS' sUsS S from q. y: pen 2,
was written and posed by him the H. lear ~.
text book whiis attending recitston in Yale Co.s.
In his senior year Ust3l In Morgsns "N.cstonfs
Poetry the piece IL given sntre and credit given "a
its real author. append the poem AZ taken cotr.cty
from that work IL will be noticed In tbs moral
to the singular We bs 'prebe" and "fscis"I M,
my father, when taken TO task Was wont say vns
poetic license and intended to indviduays .s.s
OF the "mute. as well ssto render the constructing
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1894-11-13

for the use Of their church on the occasion
Of the session of the local union.
The Supreme Court of the District of
Columbia has sustained the verdict for
$500, awarded Mr.. and Mrs. G. w. Boiling
of this town. for injuries sustained some
two years ago in a runaway caused by the
falling Of a telephone pole.
The firm of Messrs. Newton and Swig yett
has been dissolved, Mr.. Newton having pur-
chased the interest of Mai. Swiggett.
Miss Lora Collier of Washington is visit
ing Miss Addie Spofford.
Mrs c. II. Buxton gave a very interesting
address before the Mission Band Of the
Presbyterian Church, on Sunday afternoon,
on her recent visit to the mission school in
the state of Washington, which was estab-
lished under the auspices of the society here.
Mr. Nj. H. Brinkerhoff has moved into his
newly completed house on Broad street.
Mr.. w. b. Barksdale, who was married on
November l, has returned from an extended
trip with his bride, and they are stopping at
Col. X. p. Buckner's.
The protracted meetings In the M. E.
Church South will continue this week.
Miss Mae Petty of Washington is visiting
Mrs. s. A. Spafford of Westfeld, N. j.,
who has been visiting her daughter Mrs.W.
II. <Nowlan, for some time past returned
home on Monday.
Under the recent plan of the Christian
Endeavor Society. Miss NJ. NJ. Wilson, pres
ident, has appointed the following members
of the Sunday school committee for the diff
ferent churches of the town, namely: III. +.
Lowe, Congregational Church; Miss Elsie
Febrey, NJ. E. Church South; Miss Lille
Porter, NJ. E. Church; NJ. Nj. Erwin, Pres
byterian Church; Miss Ida Quick, Baptist
Church.; Miss Maud Hodgkin, Episcopal
Church.
Mr.. Arthur NJ. Wheeler jr., has moved TO
Miss Isabel Ball is visiting friends in
Washington.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1894-11-13
ROCKVILLE.

The November term of the circuit court
for this county commenced here yesterday,
Associate Judge John T. Vinson on the
bench. Shortly after the calling Of court
the names of those summoned as Jurors
were read and the following persons were
selected to serve as grand jurors: Josiah J..
Hutton, foreman; E. p. NARROW, Edward
G. Fisher Amos w. Magruder, Bernard
Monday, Jos. T. Allnutt, Charles F. Duvall.
Robert Ulison. James B. Jones, James N.
Barnesiey, VIM. T. o. Glover. John T. Har-
desty. Samuel w. Budd, Alexander H.
Bean, Charles F. Townsend Robert Ait
cherson, ]. Collision White, James w. Har-
riss, Allen A. Bowie, L. T. Walters, Benja-
min N. Colt, Luther N. King, Lewis L..
Sellman. brief charge was delivered to
the grand jury before retiring to their
room for consultation. A large portion Of
the day was consumed in calling over the
docket and the assignment of cases. On
motion, Messrs. Alexander H. Bell of
Washington and r. Dorsey Trundle of the
county were admitted to practice at the bar
of this court. The petit jury for the term
is composed of the following persons: John
E. Ward, VIM. H. Buxton. George Butler.
Philip C. Dudrow. VIM. l.. Aud. Aaron B.
Hersberger, Jesse Hyatt, Wesley Carroll,
Henry T. Mobley, VIM. w. Russell. Albert
King, Henry C. Crown. Eli Bready, VIM.
Rich, Stephen B. Balch. Jacob B. Ernst
John e. Hill, John w. Whiteside. John L.
Clagett, VIM. Luster, Zachariah G. Cooley,
VIM. j. Lewis, Luther II. Young, Lawrence
Hogan and Thomas Stewart. There are not
a very large number of civil cases set for
trial at this term, but the criminal docket
Is large and will consume a number of
days. No criminal cases will be taken up
until next week. AS usual, large number
Of persons who have been summoned to ap-
pear before the grand jury were in at
te ldance during the day.
The news, which first reached here
through The Star of. yesterday evening,
that Hattersly w. Talbot would probably
be appointed associate Judge of tho circuit
court in place of Judge John T. Vinson,
whose time expires by the age limit in
January next, has been the subject of
much comment in political circles. Mr..
Talbot Is now state senator from this
county, and should he receive the appoint
ment of judge from Governor Brown, 1t
will necessitate the election Of new sena-
tor. This would doubtless lead to another
bitter fight in the primaries between the
administration democrats and the ring
forces, which might lead to the defeat of
the judicial ticket at the next general cleo
ton. During the congressional contest, clos
ed a week ago, sort of truce was observ-
ed, but 1t Is generally understood that both
sides are sleeping on their arms. A lasting
peace between the two wings Of the party
is something that has yet to be brought
about.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1894-11-13
SUBURBAN NEWS
ANACOSTzA.

Prof Mazullo's darcing class held it's
opening sOiree last night at the Masonic
Hall. There was a large attendance and
many feet trippcd the light fantastic
Among the ladies' present were Miss 4.
Jarboe. attired in black and old gold; Miss
Gertie Gates. in orange silk; Miss Ridgely,
In cream Miss Ida Randall, in black silk
Miss Clara Owens, white silk; Miss Jennie
Moore, in blue. and Miss Lottie Little, IN
zeal brown; Miss Fannie Randall.in brown
Miss Lizzie Wood, In cream; Miss Lula
Little. steel: Miss Annie Simpson. in white;
and Misses ManseIl,in cream cotele. Among
the gentlemen present were +. III. Kramer,
A. G.. Emo, A. NJ. Hurtsheld, w. II. Gu
sick, s. King, John Gates. John Kane,
Prof. X. l.. Greenwell, j. III. Sayers, A. s.
Jones, Mr.. Brashears, w. G. Lynch, b. w.
Donaldson, Z. j. Sullivan, 5. r. Mocabee.
The boys of the eighth grade a. the
Van Buren, school have purchased foot
ball and organized an eleven. The youths
interested are Julius Tolson, Charles Far
quar-, Claude Il. Allen, Joseph Mundell,
Joseph Hodgsou, Howard Tubbs, Charles
Putnam, Taylor Branson, Sewell Fort,
Charles Shell and Charlie Linger.
Decision was rendered by Justice Smith
In the case of Peck against the Anacostia
railroad, in judgment against the latter
for twenty cents, which was paid by the
defendant yesterday.
postmaster, j. w. Tolson, and he received
his commission. The new postmistress will
be Miss Martha Mundcll
Work was commenced yesterday on the
new sewer for Pierce street. An excava-
ton has been made through the park.
which, ii is reported. will soon be planted
In a choice variety of vegetation.
Arrangements have been completed for
the entertainment for an emergency fund
for the poor OF Anacostia. The entertain
ment will take place November 20. and
Miss Katie V. Wilson of Washington Is
announced as the attraction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1894-11-13
GOOD News!

Sufferers from nervous debility or from long
standing and wasting diseases should lose no time
In consulting DR.. R. A. Walker. the leading spe-
cialist In the treatment Of ell disorders Of the
bisin and nervous system. DIR. Walker has devoted
himsel! during the past twenty years to the study
AMI trs atment Of disease of this character and his
remarkable success has gained for him the highest
reputation both in Europe and America. His treat
nent strikes at the very foundation Of the trouble
In al cases. and the result is invariably a quick
and permanent cure. DR.. Walker Is permanently
located at 1411 Pennsylvania avenue, adjoining
Willard's Hotel. where he may be consulted from
10 am to pm. Charges very low. and con-
sultation at office by mail free. Wednesday and
Saturday evenings, to g. Sunday, 10 to r. See
testimonials Of cures in Post. Times and News.
All Interviews sacredly confidential and names
never published except by owners consent oc15-tf