davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-10-07

One OF the most valuable features OF this book
is the account contributed by Mr.. II. Frank
Heath of the evolution OF . common English
tongue. From q passage quoted from George
PuttenhAm's THE Arte OF English POesie, {"
published in 1889, the following important con-
illusions are drawn; First, that in the last
quarter OF the sixteenth century there was al
ready a common literary language for England /;
secondly, that this language was partly, at least
the common spoken language OF the educated
throughout the country, and. lastly, that IL was
the native dialect OF an area OF country extend
ing about sixty miles round London As It's
centre" Mr.. Heath undertakes 70 show In =
few pages how this state OF things came
about II Is well known that up 70 the time OF
the Norman conquest the West Saxon dialect
OF Old England had, since the days OF Alfred,
when It displaced the NorthumbriAn. been
gradually winning for itself the position Of =
common literary language. The defeat at SEN
lac and is consequences compelled the mother
tongue 70 light for mere existence. and the CEN
trifuEAl forces always present In language made
themselves felt the moment the unifyinE innu-
snes Of an English court and Al English clergy
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-10-07

small army contending with . great one, and
for thstreason argued that the contest with Nc
Clellsn's army should be made there. Gen. q.
w. Smith concurred in Johnston's views, while
Lougstreet took but little part IN the discussion.
Mr.. Davis announced his decision in favor Of
the opinion Of Gen. Lee. and ordered Johnston
20 concentrate his army on the peninsula as
soon as possible. Nevertheless, on May ., 1899,
Johnston issued orders for the withdrawal Of
his army from the Yorktown lines. and, after an
encounter with the Federal advance at Williams
burRh, fell back leisurely toward Richmond. In
the battle OF Seven Pines or Fair Oaks Johnston
was wounded and temporarily succeeded by @.
w. Smith, who, however. was presently super
seded by Lee, thenceforward the commander OF
the Army OF Northern Virginia. AZ regards the
number Of men at Lees disposal in the seven
days fight, ending July /. 1862, the author says
that his army. including Jsckson's force, COM
prised 81. 300 men, whereas the certified report
OF the Federal Army Of the Potomac. dated June
30. 1862, showed 115,102 present for duty.
II Is suggested that, II Mcclellan had known
that he was fighting 81 900 men instead OF 200,-
900, he might have acted with more confidence.
We are reminded that, on June 20, Mr.. Lincoln
telegraphed that his suggestion Of the probable
ity Of his being overwhelmed by 100000 men
and talk about where the responsibility would
belong panied him very much. On July Nc
Clellan declared, 1--WE have failed TO win only
because overpowered by superior numbers"
On the next day he received q despatch from
Lincoln in which vein Of humor was disclosed:
III you think you are not strong enough TO take
Richmond just now, do not ask you 10. Try
Just now to save the army material and person.
mel, and will strengthen IL for the offensive
again as fast as can" To letter of the same
date Lincoln adds a postscript, III. at any time,
you feel able to take the offensive, you are not
restrained from doing So" Lees genuine mod
esty is demonstrated in a reference to the out
come Of the seven days fight, made in letter
which was penned only for the eyes Of his own
family. Writing TO his wife on July o. 1862, he
says. Our success has not been as great or
complete as we could have desired, but God
knows what Is best for u.s."
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-10-07

bridge had also rstreatcd, and only the prompt
Interference Of the King prevented permanent
coalition Of the two universities At that place.
In i2es the knavery and violence Of the towns
men led 20 a really dangerous riot; and in 1885
occurred the great conflict Of 80. Scholsstica's
day, in which the town, without having received
serious provocation, began sweeping massacre,
with the assistance OF q band Of two thousand
rustics, crying Havoc and Slayi The clerks
prepsred to leave oxford forever, but the COM
bined forces Of the Church and the Crown re-
duced the town TO subjection, and the Chancellor
received as compensation an absolute control Of
the market, and an annual act OF submission TO
his authority, which lasted into the present
century. There we're also internal disorders,
some arising out Of the struggle for precedence
between the Faculties, others due TO the fact that
young men coming from all parts Of the
country -northerners and southerners, Scotch.
Irish Welsh. and foreigners not leave be-
hind them their local animosties. Hence Of the
two officials delegated by the masters TO assist the
Chancellor. one was the northern and the other
the southern Proctor. Festivals OF national or
patron saints were suppressed and jousts and
tournaments kept at q distance After the great
secession TO Stamford OF the more studious and
probably defeated nor,herners the King had 20
intervene to procure reunion. In 1888 the
northerners were still 80 sensitive that he had
10 prOniDlt lnt hppllChHOn 10 tnem OF Jne ueSlR-
nation Of their allies. the Scotchmen, aud down
TO 1927 all candidates for a degree were by
statute obliged TO swear that they would never
lecture at stamford. Partly for similar reasons,
no doubt, the scholars Of the earlier colleges
were generally selected from particular local
tiles. and such connections survive In some cases.
Mr.. II. r. d. Blakiston. by whom the article on
this subject Is contributed. points out that the
University OF Cambridge, occupying a less GEN.
trail and more unhealthy situation, and having
less powerful protectors. did not competed in pop
ularty or privileges with the older society before
the sixteenth century. TWAS not even formally
recognized until It received the license of Pope
John xxi. In 1918. The students were moro
homogeneous than at Oxford, the religious Or
ders less active there. and the number OF emil
nent men produced by It Insignificant during
this period. Oxford schools were renowned as
a staple product at time when Cambridge was
famous only for eeis.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-10-07

4.
A preliminary chapter is devoted IN Lees an
cestry and IL Ia certain that few Americana
have had a better right 10 be proud of their fore
fathers; but what he himself Thought upon the
subject was expressed in . letter To his wife
written in front of Petersburgh. February. 1864:
81 have received your note. I am very much
Obliged to Mr.. - for the trouble he has tax en-
in relation to the Lee genealopy. have no de-
sire to have IL publisbed and do not think a.
would afford suffcient interest beyond the i'm
mediate family to compensate for the e.nense
I think the money had better be applied To re-
lieying the Door" As regards the services
which Lee rendered during the Mexican war
the conclusive testimony of Scott 1, cited who
said that his success in Mexico was largely due
to the skill, yalor and undaupted courage OF
Robert E. Lee," and that the latter was ..tbe
greatest military genius in America. the best
soldier that he ever saw in the field, and that II
opportunity offered, he would show himself the
foremost CAPTAIN of his time" IL was DOUBTLESS.
Scotts belief in Lees eminent ability which
prompted the United States Government 10 offer
him the position of Commander-in- Chief OF IL,
army in the early part of 1861. This offer was
made through Mr.. +. p. Blair. and Lees account
Of the interview is given I'm a letter 10 Gen.
johnson and dated Feb 25. 1863: after
listening to Elair's remarks." writes Lee 1T
declined the offer he made me to take command
of the army that was to be brought into the
field, stating as candidly and courteously a.
1 could that, though opposed to secession
and deprecating war. / could take no part
In an invasion OF the Southern States" His
nephew assures us that he would not have
fought to preserve slavery; "he disapproyed of
It. and had, years before, freed his own, and his
father-in-law, MI. G. w. p. GUSTS, had freed by
will all Of his" The time of manumission
fixed by the will OF Mr.. GUSTS came I'm 1869;
but amid tho exacting duties incident TO the
rosition of army comn,n5ar poha., l. 10
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-10-07

Prior TO the achievement Of tho Cabots. which
really belongs more TO the world OF Columbus,
Da Cana, and Magellan than 10 that of Henry
VII, the share Of England was but small in the
work OF discovery and exploration. None OF the
great medieval explorers were EnElishmen, nor
can any OF the great medisval discoveries be
put TO their credit. Willibald. however. who
started for Palestine in 72l, deserves . cursory
notice the earliest OF English-b born travellers
and the source OF one OF the most interesting
medisVAl records OF travel in the East. Com
pared TO most Westerns, his outlook seems
wide indeed. He had perfect freedom OF inter-
course with the Greeks OF ConstAntinOple.
the Pope endorsed his book, . Span
lard helped him In EmessA and DamAs-
Gus. he visited Jerusalem and all OF
the marVels OF Syria, and had an interview with
the ommyAd Caliph, from whom he obtained
pass. His voyage was the practical discovery OF
the Bible world for EnElishmen. A hundred
and sixty years later King Alfred obtained from
the Morse Captains In his service, Ohthere and
Wulfstan, such clear ideas OF Europe that he
was able To compose something which may fair
ly Be- described as the hrst scientific geography
In the English Language. Several centuries
elapsed before Il was possible 20 obtain =
more accurate account OF the relative sit
uAtion OF European countries than WAS
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-10-07

II will be remembered that. after Mcclellan
was transferred from West Virginia TO Wash
tngton, Lee was sent TO command tho Confed-
crate force In that section. The author admits
that Leo retired from West Virginia with di-
minished military reputation, Great results
had been expected from his presence there, but
the news OF the expected great victories did not
reach Richmond. Men shook their heads and
said he had been overrated as a soldier, that he
relied upon a"showy presence" and a . historic
name" and that he was too tender OF blood !"
and leaned too much TO the engineer side of
military question, preferring rather 10 dig in
trenchments than TO night. No reply was made
by Lee TO these public criticims; returning to
Richmond he quietly resumed his duties as mil
itary adviser at the side of the chief executive
officer Of the Confederacy.
IL appears that Lee did not agree with Joseph
Z. Johnston. then Comma nder-in-C Chief, with
regard TO the course which the Confederates
should take at the outset OF MeClellan's cam
pAign In the peninsula On Johnston's arrival
from the RAppahAnnock he closely examined
MAgruder's defensive lines. but did not like
them, and returned at once TO Richmond to lay
his views before his President. "McClellan's
army" he said. should be encountered In front
Of Richmond by uniting there all the available
forces OF the COnfederacy; the grand army thus
formed. surprising that Of the United States by
IN attack when the latter was expecting to be-
siege Richmond, would be almost certain TO
win" Mr.. Davis declined 10 decide so important
> question hastily. and asked Johnston TO call
upon him at . stated hour, when he would have
Randolph, his Secretary OF War, and Gen. Lee
both present. Johnston suggested that he in
Vite Gen. q. w. Smith and Gen. LOnEstrest
also. In the conference which ensusd the Sec
Rotary OF War objected 20 Johnston's plan be-
cause IL involved the evacuation OF Norfolk
and the destruction Of the famous Msrrimac
Lee declined 10 vote in favor OF JOhnsLOn's
proposal on the ground that the withdrawal
Of troops from South Carolina and Georgia
would eEpOse the important seapOrts Of Charles
ton and savannah 10 capture. He thought that
ths DSniAsula had excellent bAttlshslds for >
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Banks Declared Treasurer.

After hearing arguments from counsel
in the case of John Banks VS.. County
Commissioners i'll the matter of the trea-
surer of the county the court decided that
the law was constitutional and that Mr.
Banks was the legal Treasurer of the
county. Immediately after the announce
ment ofthe decision two writs were issued,
one directing the commissioners to turn
over the books, papers, records, &c, to
Mr. Banks, who is also made clerk to the
county commissioners, and the other to
Manley Bremen, the present treasurer,
to surrender the office to Banks. Under
the new law Charles H. Smith, the present
clerk to the commissioners, retires from
the office, as Mr. Banks becomes clerk as
well as treasurer, by virtue of the act just
interpreted by the court. He also has the
authority to appoint all assistant at
salary of $I4oo.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Orphans Court.

The Orphans's Court was in SEES
sion on Wednesday of last week
and transacted the following bust
ness. Accounts examined and
passed:-First and final account OF
Joseph L. Wells, admr. of Mary
Ann Boyer, and distribution struck
on same; first and final account of
Joseph A. Swaney, administrator
C. t. a. of Margaret Swaney; Doth
account of III. I'll. Haines, executor
and trustee of Eli Hurford; Sd and
final account of Robert r. Rawlings,
guardian of Robert Kerr; 10th ac-
count of William Thomas Brickley,
guardian of Isaac E. w. Brown and
Harry G. Brown; 18th account of
John Keilholtz and Alma M.
Keilholtz; first and final account of
Amos Wilson, administrator of
John +. Stevens; first and final ac-
count of Thomas T. Sidwell, eXecu-
tor of Lavinia Sidwell.
Court adjourned to meet in
regular session on Oct. 9th next.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
How Is This?

One of the speakers at the anti
license meeting on Sunday after
noon said that ne-tenths of the
voters liked a drink of whiskey,
and this was an important influence
which had to be met, and that this
appetite" would prove a very
potent factor on the saloon side at
the election and that it would ac-
company the voter into the booth
and help him no little in preparing
his ballot. How best to proceed to
eliminate this secret enemy was a
pulling question. The only sug-
gestion that seemed to be available
was that possibly praying might
help break the power of this invisi-
BILE devil.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Anti-License Demonstration.

The first demonstration in the
anti-license campaign was held in
the Town Hall ON Sunday afternoon
Short speeches were made by E.
R. Burlington, Mary Way, H. H.
Haines, b. p. Nichols, G. w.
Wilson, Mrs. Abrahams, President
of the w. G. T. u, Mrs. E. Haines,
NJ. b. Kirk and others. Elwood
Nichols read paper prepared for
the occasion and Mrs. Coats read
a selected article. The point most
emphasized was the importance OF
making personal canvass among
voters, and especially amongst
those who are seldom or never found
at temperance meetings. Those
should be piled with literature,
argument and persuasion, and the
only means of reaching them is by
a house to house visit or personal
effort when each individual can be
brought under the strongest popular
influence.
The liquor party have been fur
nished with a fund by the liquor
associations in Baltimore of 5000
to work Cecil county, and it may
be accepted as a settled fact that
no effort or expense will be spared
on their part to influence voters by
persuasion, intimidation and bribery
to vote the 'For License" ticket.
The day before the election four
years ago, ten thousand circulars
were circulated throughout the
county and large posters put up at
every polling place and grog shop,
contrasting the prices of farm pro-
duce, rate of taxes and other shallow
but taking arguments with the
prices and rate ten years previous
claiming that the decline in prices
was attributable to prohibition, or
the "dry" condition of the county.
Voters who were influenced by such
argument then should apply the
same now, and they will find the
price of those things fifty per cent
lower now. Was it the licensed
saloons which caused this latter
decline? The fact that they were
taken in by such sophistry and
misrepresentation four years ago
should serve as warning to guard
against all similar yarns put af1oat
by the saloon element, who work
like foxes in the dark.
Several weeks previous to the
last local option election the county
was flooded with free whiskey and
all that would drink were literally
supplied and turned out on the
street to hold drunken revels, in
order to furnish arguments that
there was ''more liquor drunk
under prohibition than under
license" and that the county might
better have the license to help
defray the expenses and Tighten the
taxes. All such devices and arts of
deception were resorted to and we
are sorry to say had considerable
influence on persons who should
have had more sense than to be so
easily taken in and done for by the
saloon element. Don't be fooled
this time by such tricks and look
out for that $4,000.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Colora Items.

Miss Lou Haines spent Sunday in North
East.
Miss Mary Death spent Sunday with
Miss L4enora Crothers.
Miss Maggie Nice has returned home
after few weeks visit to Phila.
Mr.. Clark Garrett and family are spend
ing few days with Mr.. John Haines.
Mr.. Willard Davis AID family of Will
mington, spent Sunday with Mr.. Joseph
Tosh.
Miss Lulu Mccullough and Mr.. Elmer
Devonshire, were married at Rowland
vile M. E. Parsonage, Sept. 26 at AGO
D. III.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28

Judge Walter Clark, the AS
sociate Justice of the Supreme
Court of North Carolina, writes in
the September Arena on ''The Elec-
ton of Senators and the President
by Popular Vote, and the Veto"
Judge Clark is in favor of the cleo
ton of senators by popular vote,
but is opposed to the extension of
the principal to Presidential cleo
tons, as he believes it would i'm
peril the republic. But he considers
the powers of patronage and the
veto vested in the President
anomalous and dangerous, and
would have then curtailed.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
A Narrow Escape.

As the south-bound train was passing
near Happy Valley last Wednesday morn
ing, some one fired a rifle ball through
one of the windows boring hole through
the pane and narrowly missed J. c. Hind
man who luckily happened to be sitting
sidewise conversing with the party be-
hind him, otherwise the ball would doubt
less have entered his head.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28

Mr.. Geo. A. Blake has resigned
as chairman of the county executive
committee to conduct the anti
license campaign and Mr.. W. T..
Hammond was elected to the
position.
The b-committees in the dist
ricts are already actively at work,
and the reports from all sections of
the county are of most encOurag-
ing character.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Reunion of Battery b.

A reunion of Battery B, Isl
Maryland Light Artillery, known
as Shows Maryland Battery, will
be held at North East, Saturday
Oct. 9th, at 10 a. m, in G. A. R,
Hall.
THEo. j. VANNEMAN, Pres.
VIM. H. Cook, Secy.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Sentenced Three Years in the E. p,

Frank Wilson, the Philadelphia street
thief who robbed John S. Menough of
Oxford of his watch, while in the city on
the night of Sept. IS, was last week SEN
fenced by Judge Biddle to three years in
the Eastern Penitentiary. Wilson is an
old offender.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
HoW'S This (!

We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward
for any case of Catarrh that cannot be
cured by Halls Catarrh Cure.
+. J. CHENEY & Co., Props, Toledo, O.
We the undersigned have known F. J.
Cheney for the last IS years, and believe
him perfectly honorable in all business
transaction and financially able to carry
out any obligation made by their firm.
West & Truax, Wholesale Druggists,
Toledo, o.
Walding, Kinnan & Marvin, Wholesale
Druggists, Toledo, o.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken internally,
acting directly upon the blood and mucous
surfaces of the system. Price 75c per
bottle. Sold by all Druggists. Testi-
monials free.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Playing With Fire.

A seven year old colored girl of
Elkton died on Friday morning last
from the effects of burns the
previous evening. The child was
playing with fire when its clothing
became ignited, and it rushed blaz-
ing into the street.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
DIED.

cAMRRoN.-Wednesday, Sept. goth, at
her home, Pennington, Md, Annie
Maxwell Cameron aged SO years.
Funeral Saturday, 29th, at II a. III.
Services at the house, interment at
West Nottingham cemetery.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28

A. M. Bailey, we'll known citizen of
Eugene, Oregon, says his wife has for
years been troubled with chronic diarrhoa
and used many remedies with little relief
until she tried Chamberlain's Collie,
Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy, which
has cured her sound and well. Give it a
trial and you will be surprised at the
prompt relief it affords. rs and so cent
bottles for sale by f. T. Reynolds.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Burglary.

Thieves entered the clothing establish
ment of Leon Hoffman, at Havfe de
Grace, Saturday night, and carried away
$3.50 worth of clothing.
Thomas G. Kane, colored man who
had formerly taught school in Hartford
county was arrested at Wilmington, Del,
on Monday, with some of the clothing on.
He had in his possession kit of burglars
tools. He was committed to Belair Jail.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Whipping Post and PilIorv.

Eleven men were whipped at the post
in the Jail yard at New Castle, Saturday,
and three of them stood in the pillory.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
Notice !!

The undersigned desires to inform the public
that she is prepared to do all kinds of SEWING
Tor families at their homes. Satisfaction guaran-
teed. References furnished. Address
SADIE l.. GRIEST,
s7-1t Box 126, Rising Sun, Md.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
10 HORSE OWNERS.

For putting horse in line healthy con-
dition try DIR. Cady's Condition Powders.
They tone up the system, aid digestion, cure
loss of appetite, relieve constipation, correct
kidney disorders and destroy worms, giving
new life to an old or over worked horse. %
cents per package. For sale by druggists.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1894-09-28
2-storv Frame Dwelling,

with good dry cellar underneath. There is Il
good well of water on the place and also bearing
arbor. At the same time will also sell the follow
ing Household Goods: Emerald cook stove No. Z;
heating stove, good leaf table, tray table. tables
of different sizes, rocking choirs, lot of good
kitchen chairs, large case of nine drawers settee
lamps lot of dishes, glassware, pots, pans and
cooking utensils, lot of knives, forks and spoons,
good kitchen carpet, also small bedroom carpet
looking glasses. washtubs, lot window curtains,
dust pan, coal shovel and coal box 4 benches,
bed steads feather beds pillows, holsters, Sheets
covers and spreads, lot of towels, table covers
pork barrel and meat bench, several small vinegar
kegs, trunk and other articles too numerous to
mention. Cost of deed to be paid by purchaser.
For terms of sale real estate apply to the sub
scribers. Terms on personal effects cash ON day
of sale.
JAMES f. CKELVEY
HENRY j. FFFING.
J. C. Hindman, Auct. s23ts