The sun., 1894-03-11
THE POPE SPEAKS TO ITALY.
COUNT soDERINps EXTRAORDINARY
PAMPHLET.

- Um0mr1nI BiNeEorce Nouenn-
The Twsnty.four Ysrrs' CopHict vita the
Itstisu Mousrohy Rsviewea-lsso XIII
Ready 70 40 Even Iato the Cstseonbs
RoNE, Feb. 15.-.A pamphlet has just been
published here entitled Rome and the Gov
eminent; 1870 to 1924" by Count Eduardo
soderinl, who II C1meTere se0refo participant,
to the Pope The pam phlet 10 supposed to be
inspired by the Vatican without being an Of
nclsl utterance. II gives the views which Al
present prevail there.
Count Soderini begins By observing that
nearly a quarter Of u century has elapsed since
Rome became the caLital Of Italy. and that II
IL time TO examine what may be the ad-
vantages. moral. material. political. and imam
cisl. which Italy aud Rome have derived from
thnt event. The occupation Of Rome had been
long prepared By the piedmontese Govern
ment. and the cry Of Rome or DEATH" had
resounded from one end Of the peninsula to
the other. The programme had been chiefly
prepared by three mon. Mazzini. Cavour. and
Victor Emanuel. In whose hands Garibaldi
was a docile instrument Victor Emanuel.
however. always professed devotion to the
Church. In the letter to Plus TX. datediat
Florence. Sept r. 1870. In which the King an
nounced the i'm mlnent occupation OF Rome by
the Italian army. he said that he wrote to the
Pope with the affection OF son and with the
faith OF n Catholic"
This was confirmed by the tenor OF the nu-
merous declarations with which visconti We
nosta. then Minister for Foreign Affairs
rsassured the Catholics OF the worlc. both be-
fore and after tho occupation. The Pope was
20 have the title and inviolability and all the
other privileges OF sovereignty The Cardinals
we're to have the title and privileges OF princes
OF the blood Rome was to remain above
all things the capital OF the Catholic world The
Pope aud tho clergy were to he treated with
liherality and not interiered with In tho eIer-
else OF their ministry. All the ecclesiastical
corporations and Institutions existing In
Rome we're to he maintained. and their prop
erty preserved frse from ALT
Tho picture was fine; but how much did the
reality differ from the words!
One Of tho first acts OF the new Govern
ment was to extend to Rome the decree
OF suppression OF tho religious corpora
tions already In force In the rest Of
the kingdom. BY this there were sup
pressed in Rome 134 religious communi-
ties. and at least n hundred churches were
closed. This. In addition to tho suppression
By the law of July. 1885, in the rest OF Italy. Of
2.3S2 communities. containing 2SD91 monks
and nuns. The ecclesiastical property was
divided into two cntegories: I. That Of the
monks and nuns . That OF the chapters and
each monk OF the mendicant orders an annu-
ty Of 22S lire. OF the other orders 4B2 and TO
each OF the nuns $50. less income tax. No
novices were to he accepted In future and
those communities which were allowed tenn
porarily to remain In the converts were not to
be Increased In number. The second category
OF property was converted into Italian State
Rentea
At tho same time It was decreed that edu-
cation was to be secular and compulsory.
Monks and nuns were not to be teachers ex-
cept under certain vexatious conditions. At
the same time the professors OF our old uni
versity. the Sapienza were subjected to SO
offensive an oath that they preferred to
abandon their chairs. Several mon nasteries
and converts were turned into barracks. and
somo churches into storehouses. Tho cross
was removed from the municipality on the
Campidogiio. Tho conscription was applied
TO ecclssiastics Tho papers publishe ed articles
Insulting to tho Pope. Disorders occurred In
church during religious functions. The oficial
OF the municipality. according to the now law
on civil marriage. performed the ceremony
for monk. The Propaganda Eide was inter-
fered with by law OF semi OF opriation. and
the ancient Oriental schools were suppressed.
Non Catholic scots were allowed to erect
churches within tho external city. PROFESSIONS
be carried to tho sick without pomp and cere-
mony. portion OF tho public cem etery was
granted to the Free Masons for anti Christian
burial. Civil funerals were conducted without
priest or cross. Even q crematorlum was al
lowed to be erected In the public cemetery OF
Rome. Atheism was propa stsd In every way
The name OF God never occurred In the acts or
speeches OF ministers. The rreQuattp' to the
Bishop was systematically delayed. The &c.
olesiastical tribunals being abolished, priests.
and tho Cardinals thems selves. were cited be-
fore the civil power. It was even attem pied In
the Martinuccl affair to cite the Pope The
famous KuL,Tkan,Df was lauded. Giordano
Bruno the pretended philosopher OF Nola was
glorihed. The HospIce for conyalescents and
noor tr. .va,Iars TrIni,. daI p.IIagrin, va.
- VS.
suppressed Finally the Free Masons chose
for their RomAn seat tho Paiazzo Borghese,
~ith its gIo,toua p.n.l asaooIatJon.
So -, ,-,
oucn 10 the ecciesiasticAl policy followed
from 1870 to lS04--very different as will have
h.an ..ar ,ro,, tha, nrouI.ad w. ,vuI ~
oee. oeo '""i '"@S p.ouou, W "n' nv"
sec now the ecclesiastical policy reacted on
the finances aud on the entire home and for
aI0n nnIIey of ,ha country
-'-N N~.'N' ~ Wv 'NNN-s'