The advocate., 1894-09-05
PART II.
PATERNALISM.

Laws grind thePoOr, and rich rule the
GOLDSMITH
The theory which has hitherto prevailed is that govern
men an organization instituted primarily for the purpose
of protecting property against the properyess the rich
against the poor.
This has been affirmed by authors who wrote for the ch
and who cannot be accused of having Popuist eanngs
In the very year in which foreatherS put forth the
Declaration of Independence, Adam Smith published in
Scotland his great work. The Wealth of Nations" In that
work. published at time when not supposed the
poor were likely to read book of that kind, he thus
planned the origin and purpose of government:
Wherever there property great inequality
rich there must be at least hundred poor
ence Of the few the Indulgence the
the rich exctes the indignation Of the who often both driven
by want and prompted invade his possessions only
under the shelter of the civil magistrate
able property which acquired by the abou OF many
hps OF many successive generations single night
cur He is at all times by enemies whom
ne never provoked ne can never and from whose
Justice he be protected only powerful mag
strate constantly held chasise it. acquisition
extensive therefore, necessarily requires
men Of civil government property
none that exceeds the value of two three bOu civil
necessary Civil government so far as it in
situted for the security property reality
defense the rich against the those prop
erty against those who have all (Book Chapter
In the convention which framed the constitution of the
United States several debates occurred which brought out
expressions from the delegates all of property,
cerning the purpose for which instituted
Here are of those expressions CLEANED from BancrOf
History of the Constitution
Goyerneur MorrNo liberty, property object
ciety The state is favorable liberty the civilized
and only renounced for the sake property"
RutedgePoperty certainly the principal object society,"
King-"Property is the primary object Of society"
Madison, speaking Of the snate"I will the minority
placed above indulgence against agaan attempts the
increasing class labor under all the hardhps m secretly
sigh for equal distribution its blessings future times
great majority Of the people will not only without in land
but property Of any sort"
sherman~The people have may
the government"
Hamiton"Gentemen need be rescued from the democ
racy But what are the proposed?"
GerryI civil parties
devoted democracy the think of all political evils
Perhaps, these quotations may throw some light the
question which some puzzles peope-why there is such
marked difference between government and the kind of
government alluded to in the opening paragraph of the
Declaration of Independence but they will at least show
that the trainers of Constitution understood that they
of means framing government for people of
means over the poor.
John Adams was the second president of the United
States In 1778 he published work entitled Defense
of the American Constitution" Here two choice ex-
tracts from that work:
The people all nations naturally divided into
gentlemen and the simple word which here chosen signify
the people By people abore
chAnic husbandme merchants general pursue
cupaOns and industry without knowledge in liberal