davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
BOARD OF PHARMACY.
Some Observations on the Report of
the Secretary and Treasurer
Strange Financiering.

Mr.. John L. Zimmerman, secretary and
treasurer of the New Mexico board of
pharmacy, has submitted his report for
1898 to Gov. Thornton. The report gives
the expenditures of money for the past
five years, recommends the establishment
of chair of pharmacy in the territorial
university, the strict enforcement of the
law against the selling of polsons by gro
Gerry stores, stands by the old flag and calls
loudly for an appropriation sufficient to
defray tho expenses of the board. With
the exception of the statement of e1pen-
ditures the report is a very interesting
document. The third page of tits devoted
to paragraphs erlogistic of the members
of the board. 1t also contains a list of regis
tered pharmacists of the territory and e1-
tracts from the territorial pharmaceutical
law, but it does not contain a record of
the work performed and this should have
been the most important part of the re-
port.
There is now, according to the state
ment of the ersurer, deficit of $l77.50
in this board finances. Either the treas
urer is an extremely poor mathematician
or the figures became sadly mixed by the
printer who produced the report but it is
probably the former for according to the
figures in the printed report there should
be surplus amounting to $225.50instead
of deficiency. The total receipts were
$74655 and the expenditures $521.50. If
these figures are correct, and they evil
IDENTIFY are or the report would not have
| been sent in, then 1t necessitated expert
juggling to show deficiency where q
surplus clearly existed.
The expenditures, according to the
report, were not for the purpose of con,
ferring diplomas or doing other work fol
which the board was appointed, but main
ly for the purpose of giving the members
an opportunity to travel around the
country.
1t has cost the territory $133 dur.
the past eight years to pay W. G. Pc, a.
fields travelling expenses. This is over
one-fourth of the total amount of e1pen.
ditures.
E. W. Spencer is credited with $44 for
travelling expenses: j. L. Zimmerman
$9S.60; E. G. Murphy $2105 and G. M
Dreamer $500. The board evidently did
great deal of writing as it cost $3.50
for postage. Although the original ap.
preparation was small, the board pos.
sessed luxurious taste 30 far as Office
supplies were concerned, as evidenced by
the expenditure of So for one fountain
pen.
The entire report is similar to the
above, and shows either gross carelessness
or incompetency on the part of the mem
bers of the board.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
FAST HORSES.
Annual Meet of the albuquerque Driv-
ing observation-disclosures Inter-
est-FiMe Sport.

The spring races of the Gentlemen's
Driving association opens at Albuquerque
tomorrow morning. The track is in fine
condition, the weather all right and the
array of fleet horses unusually large and
formidable. Hence it is safe to predict
week of rare sport. The following is an
official list of the entries as furnished to
to the NEW MEXICAN by Secretary Craw-
ford:
Three minute trot.-Eva McLovney, of
Colorado Springs; Johnnie Wilkes, of
Santa Fe; Troublesome, of Pueblo; MINI
BILE jim, of Santa Fe; Crysoite, of San
Antonio, Texas.
1923 s--Trot.-Rose, of Pueblo.
Racer, of San Antonio, Texas; M. d. of
Pueblo; Manitou Belle, of Colorado
Springs; Huron of Albuquerque.
2:5O Class-Trot-Tro ofPue-
bio; Nimble Jim, of Santa Fe; Ruvia, of
Albuquerque; Johnnie Wilkes, of Santa
Fe.
Free for All Race.-Jingler, of Santa
Ana, CAL; Frank f., of Albuquerque;
Bonito, of San Marcial; Oceana Prince, OF
Pueblo.
2:34 Glass --Trot.--Miss Ruby, of Al
buquerque; NJ. D., of Pueblo; Huron, of
Albuquerque; May Queen, of Albuquer-
que.
Free for All-Trot.--Klamath, Of Santa
Ana, CAL; Rose, of Pueblo; Dandy Jim, OF
San Antonio, Texas. A. ' y.
2:4O Class--Trot.-Mani Belle, of
Colorado Springs; Troublesome, Of
Pueblo; M. D., of Pueblo; Huron, of Al
buquerque; Nimble Jim, of Santa Fe.
The entries for the running races did
not close until last night.
Secretary Crawford writes that all the
horses are in fine condition.
Respecting the Santa Feherses he says:
"Your horses are showing up we'll. MINI
BILE Jim, here in charge of Jack Hackett,
probably shows more improvement than
any other horse on the track, and is GER
talnly very promising young horse.
There is also fast colt here owned by
Sheriff Cunningham, of your city, that is
going to be great runner. He has i'm
proved wonderfully during the time he
has been in training here"
Klamath, entered in the free for all, has
mark of 2:13 IL, and Dandy Jim a
mark of 2:1614. Jingle has pacing
record of 2:151a-pretty fast stock for
New Mexico.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
THE MINES.
Saving Gold in the GalisteO River
Bed-A Significant Sale at Co.
chiti-NewS Notes from
the Hills.

W. W. Prigmore and other Las Vegas
parties have bought a machine known as
the Bonanza Gold Washer, and are gong
to operate in the Galisteo placers, near
Cerrillos, for the black sand and gold
deposits there. These machines have
been recently introduced on the Pacific
coast, where they are now in successful!
operation. They have capacity to
handle from ten to fifteen tons of gravel
in ten hours and are so constructed that
the material is in constant agitation, Civ
ing the greatest facility for all the gold,
flour and fake, to be caught on the ANAL
gamated copper lined hopper, then pass
ing over SORTS of amalgamated copper
rifles. This process is peculiarly adapt
ed to placers, where only small quantity
of water can be obtained or the full is in
sufficient for the ordinary process of
sluicing. DR.. 7. NJ. Michaels, from Cali
fornia, formerly resident of this terri
tory, and now at Cerrillos, has the dispos-
al of this machine, which is certainly the
cheapest and most practical means of
working the placers in many localities.
The finding of placer gold in the Calls
teo river bed may eventually prove of no
uncomfortable Importance to Santa Fe
county. There are hundreds of acres of
gravel and sand. 1t is said that ample
tests have demonstrated the existence of
gold in paying quantity. Every pan
shows from elgtht to ten distinct colors
aside from the -four gold and black sand,
from which it is estimated that the yield
will be from IS cents to 81 per
cubic yard. When it is stated that it may
be worked at cost of 25 to so cents q
cnbic yard some idea of the value of this
experiment may be had
BoRREeo SPRINGS PROSPECTS,.
Mr.. Milo Hill and Rev. G. l. Mills re-
turned from Borrego Springs in the Co.
chit gold district last evening. Their re-
port is most encouraging. Mr.. Hill re-
ports that there are about forty men c t
present doing assessment work in the
neighborhood of Borrego Springs and
that the claims look we'll. He brought
back some fine looking specimens from
the Quien Sabe and other properties in
which Cartwright Brothers, Col. Will
lison and others are interested.
1t is his opinion that the Quien
Sabe is on the mother vein of the district
which extends from the Crown Point
mine to Borrego Springs and is locate
for a distance of probably twenty miles
"The Borrego Springs TOWNSHIP" MI
Hill adds, sis one of the most beautiful
places for town in the mountains and il
certain to come to the front. Peter Pow
ers and Mr.. Jeffries are making arrange
ments to move their stores from Kent
vile to Borrego. One of the great attrac
tions of the place is the abundant suppl.
of pure spring water"
SIGNIFICANT MOVE.
The Iron King mine, sometime sine
bonded by Mr.. j. W. Bailey, of Denver
for $10,OOO-not $4,000 as the Albuquer
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
New Fast Time.
TWELVE HOURS SAVED BETWEEN COLORADO
AND NEW YORK CITY.

TWELVE HOURS SAVED BETWEEN COLORADO
AND NEW YORK CITY.
The Missouri Pacific railway on April
30, 1894, placed in effect a new schedule
for its EAST Mail" train between Denver,
Colorado Springs and Pueblo, and Kansas
City and st. Louis; leaving Denver at 800
p. M, Colorado Springs at 5:25 p. M,
and Pueblo at 700 p. M, and arriving at
Kansas City at 5:45 p. m, st. Louis at
6:55 a. M, and Chicago at 500 a. M, with
a direct connection over all trunk lines
for New York City, Boston, Philadelphia
and Washington, D. G., and all inter-
mediate points.
This will enabl passengers from Colo
RADIO interior points to make direct
connection with the Missouri Pacific east
Mail" at Pueblo by taking D. & R. G.,
train No. 4, thereby saving twelve hours
time on the eastbound trip, and enabling
them to avoid disagreeable lay-over,
with the advantage of only one change of
cars between Colorado and New York
City, or other eastern points, which is
made in Union Depot.
Pullman Buffet Sleeping Cars, and
Free Reclining Chair Cars of the latest
design. All trains heated with steam, (no
danger of fre), and lighted with the
famous Pntsch gas light.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
CROP BULLETIN
OF the New Mexico Weather Service
For the Week Ending May ~.

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGR1oULTUEE,
Weather Bureau.
Bulletin No. 2.--The temperature dur
ing the past week averaged, for the whole
territory, little above the normal. The
precipitation was little below the nor
NAL, and coming mostly in light thunder
showers, was very unevenly distributed.
San Juan county reports .lS of an inch,
Rio Arriba 20, San Miguel 10, Mora .04
ald Dona Ana .04, while many stations
report only trace and some no precipi-
tation during the week. In some sections
light hail storms were reported, but no
damage was done by same.
Correspondents from all parts of the
territory agree that crops of all kinds
made excellent progress during the week.
The crops are now IN very good condi-
ton and fairly well advanced for the time
of year. There was less than the usual
amount of sunshine during the week, a
condition that is beneficial in this coun-
try as we are always sure of agoodly
amount, and the evaporation from freshly
planted fields is less when the days are
partially cloudy.
The cattle ranges are still in good con-
dition, though some are beginning to
show need of more rain. The supply of
water for irrigating purposes is holding
out we'll SO TO far. H. B. HERsEY,
Observer U. S. Weather Bureau,
Director N. NJ. Weather Service
Santa Fe N. NJ, May Is.
Note-These bulletins will be published
weekly during the growing season and
more correspondents are desired IN all
parts of the territory. Postal card blanks
will be furnished to those willing to rem
der reports, on application to the Direc-
tor Weather Service, Santa Fe, N. M.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
PERSONAL.

Mr.. w. j. Eaton returned from Socorrc
this morning.
Mr.. T. B. Catron returned last night
from business trip to Denver.
H. L. Moore, of Del Norte, and F. E
Birkicht, of st. Louis, are at the Claire.
Hon. W. E. Dame and wife were in
from the Cash Entry mine to-day on a
shopping tour.
Gov. Thornton returned to the capital
this forenoon after ten days absence al
Las Vegas, Las Cruces and Albuquerque
Mr.. Louis Belr, of Albuquerque, il
visiting among his capital city friends
Mr.. Beir has some right ardent admirers
in these parts.
Mr.. Chas. Ilfeld, the merchant prince OF
Las Vegas and mighty good citizen,
arrived to-day on visit to Hon. Sol
spiegelberg and family.
At the Palace: Geo. Hill Howard, Co.
chit; 7. M. Michaels, Los Angeles; j. E.
Saint, Albuquerque; j. F. Bremaugh, st.
Louis; Alfred G. Stein, New York; A. N.
villepegue and wife, Topeka; j. E. Bir-
kicht, st. Louis.
At the Bon Ton hotel Fred Young.
Miss Maggie Gross, Cerrillos; N. Paulson,
Will j. Clark, Arizona; John Dalton, Pc
cos; w. j. Griffin, Chas. Bennett, Prescott,
A. T.; NJ. Doherty, Butte, Mont; N.
Peters, Los Angeles, CAL; A. M. Teller,
John Pope, Rico, Colo.
At the Exchange: J. Schlesinger, Den
yer; George Dondes, Wilkesbarre, Pa. W.
e. Dame and wife, Cerrillos; s. G. Wright,
Golden; H. Goodman, San Pedro; Chris
Sellman, East Las Vegas.
The Democ had pleasant call from
Hunter Woodson last night. Mr.. Wood.
son represents the Santa Fe New MEXICAN
in the local and special correspondence
department Of that paper. He will be in
the city for the next few days and report
the races which begin to-morrow.-Albu-
querque Dem0crat.
Judge Edward P. Seeds, District Attor-
ney Crist, Stenographer Clancy, Interpre-
ter Read and Mr.. Charles A. Spiess re-
turned home from attending court at
TERRA Amarillo last evening. Hon. N. B.
Laughlin and R. M. Goshorn, clerk, went
to Taos on business.
Miss Anna Breeder, daughter of Col.
Breeder, is in the city, the guest of Miss
Glands Albright. These two young ladies
were playmates in childhood and have
only been separated when Miss Claude
entered vassar at the same time that Miss
Breeder entered Chatauqua, from which
the latter is now returning after four
years. absence. Miss Breeder is 40 popu-
lar as she is gifted with rare mental on.
dowments. -Albuquerque Democrat.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
Postmaster Cables Confirmation.

A dispatch from Washington to-day
announces the confirmation by the senate
of Thomas P. Gable as postmaster at
Santa Fe. The question of confirmation
was referred by the committee to Senator
Rogers Q. Mills, of Texas, and was
promptly reported back by him with a
favorable recommendation.
Delegate Joseph last night telegraphe
Mr.. Gable a congratulatory message, and
citizels generally are congratulating him
to-day. He is ard-working Democrat,
possessed of good executive ability, and
it is believed will make very efficient
officer.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16

who has been undergoing treatment at
the Meadow city for several months.
Mrs. Miller is reported much better than
when she left, and it is hoped that a
permanent cure may be effected. For the
present she will be cared for by trained
nurse. Mr.. Miller speaks in the highest
praise of the management of the asylum
at Las Vegas.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
A Cheerful Liar.

1t must have blown fierce sirocco in
Vegas yesterday. Passengers from that
city report terrible wind and sand storm
there, which cut and stung the faces Of
those exposed to it as if done with fine
particles of glass. 1t ragged furiously all
day. How different from the serene,
ethereal mildness of Albuquerque zephyrs.
-Albuuueruue Democrat,
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
"Disfigured
For Life"

Is the despairing cry Of thousands
afflicted with
Unsightly skin diseases.
Do you realize what this disfigura.
ton means to sensitive souls?
1t means isolation, seclusion.
1t is a bar to social and business success.
Do you wonder that despair seizes
upon these sufferers when
Doctors fail,
Standard remedies fail,
And nostrums prove worse than USE
less?
Skin diseases are most obstinate to
cure or even relieve.
1t is an easy matter to claim to cure
them, but quite another thing to
do SO.
CUTICURA REMEDIES
Have earned the right to be called
Skin Specifics,
Because for years they have met
with most remarkable success.
There are cases that they cannot cure,
but they are few indeed.
1t is no long -drawn.out, expensive
experiment.
CSC. invested in cake Of
CUTICURA SOAP
Will prove more convincing than
apage of advertisement.
In short
CUTICURA works wonders,
And its cures are simply marvellous.
Sold throughout the world. Price, CUTIcURA,
Soc; SOAP, CSC; REsoLvENT, q. POTTER DRUG
AND CHEM. Corr, Sole Props, Boston: "Ali
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
should Have It.

To the Editor of the New Mexican.
Santa Fe May 14.-,This city should
have race track. Whatever serves to
amuse attracts visitors. Racing is a ma
tional sport and when properly conduct.
ed, can do much to aid a city. II would
not cost great sum to build good
track in this city, and the money thus
expended would be returned tenfold,
provided superior class of sport was
furnished. New Conner.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
Reduced Rates.

For the general assembly of the Presby-
terian church at Eugene, Oregon, May
18th and at Albany, Oregon, May 23rd
round trip tickets will be on sale at $780,
so. For particulars call at city ticket
Office H. L. LUTz, Agent.
GEO. T. NICHOLSON, G. p. A.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16

When the hair begins to fall out or turn
gray, the scalp needs doctoring, and we
know of no better specific than Halls
Vegetable Sicllian Hair Remover.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16

Notice is hereby given that orders given
by employees upon the New MEXICAN
Printing Co., will not be honored unless
previously endorsed by the business
manager.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16

Real merit is characteristic of Hoods
Sarsaparilla, and is manifested every day
in the remarkable cures the medicine ac-
complishes.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
manager.

Requests for back numbers of the New
MEXICAN, must state date wanted, or they
will receive no attention.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
METEOROLOGICAL.

U. 5. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
WEATHER BUREAU OFFICE OF OBSERVER
Santa Fe, May Is. 1884,
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16

What folly! To be without Beecham's
Pills.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16

Sold throughout the world. Price, CUTIcURA,
Soc; SOAP, CSC; REsoLvENT, q. POTTER DRUG
AND CHEM. CORP, Sole Props, Boston: "Al
sboutthe Skin, Scalp, and Hair " mailed free.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1894-05-16
Misses ( Ladies'

Shoes in endless varieties and Of
the very best manufacture. You
can save IS per cent by purchas-
ing from us. All our customers
can now obtain beautiful eight
day clock for SO in tickets which
may be in their possession de-
rived from their cash purct asses.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04
TELEGRAPHIC NOTES.

The proposed Central American
Union does not find favor In Costa
RIGA.
Militia companies are organizing
at Kansas City on the separate and
distinct lines of Catholic and anti
Catholic.
A fight occurred il the streets of
Rio de Janeiro and four policemen,
seven sailors and eight soldiers were
killed or wounded.
A cargo Of wool Is lying off Cape
Cod, waiting for the TAI III law to go
into effect. It is said $4,000 will be
made by the few days of delay.
Twenty four cotton firms in Mem
phis. Tenn, have been indicated for
doing business without license.
This has been going on for eight
years.
The feud among the Choctaw
Indians is growing serious. Every
man is armed, and occasionally an
Indian of the opposing party is shot
down
The sheepshearers of New South
Wales are out on a strike.
An incendiary fire has destroyed
100000 worth Of property III
Rocbesterville, Ontario.
It is believed that the new tariff
bill repeats all reciprocity treaties
made under the Mckinley bill
Forest fires are still destroying
vast amounts Of property IN Mich
gan The town of Findland has
been wiped out.
DENVER, Aug. 27.-Admiral Skier
rett arrived today en- route to the
East. He is quite i'll and may not
be able to resume his journey for
several days.
WASHINGTON, Aug. Ex-senator
Hill expects to be attorney in the
first case brought to test the consti-
tutionality of the income tax.
AMSTERDAM, Aug. 23.-Two fresh
cases of cholera have been reported
at Kalendreicht, and there have been
two deaths at Schalkwyk.
In connection with the coal strike
serious rioting has occurred at Glas-
gov. Several pits have been wreck
ed by disorderly mobs. Donaldson,
the leader of the strikers, and five
others have been arrested.
The Pope has written letter to
M. Turquet, formerly Under Score
tary OF State, confirming Papal adhe-
sion to the French Republic.
ROME, Aug. 23-General Durando
died here today. He was con
spicuous as a soldier, q diplomatlst
and a Cabinet Minister in 1910 and
1870.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04

will sell favorable bona
supplied, delivered Pearl Ciyat much lower han
For further particulars, call this Office The lumber dealers IN
Of that growing will DO well
who
Iec
aterao of ten ON
little
seven
ter
mi
school about be in the Peninsula in the fine large
Pearl City saonJ and those having homes the Fennsua
he
; and rom the
to
to
latter pnjl This
{o2 to 6rnles or cent
for 4
beeDof cred o ih
(omI
Isoihla lin hat locality
sydiae ike the
ncccur the
ito wise fcien:
+ LAND
General Manager
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04
Kate Nfarsden Must Retire.

LONDON, Aug. 16.-Pastor Francis
of the British American Church IN
ST. Petersburg writes to the Times as
follows:
The committee of Kate Marsden's
friends formed in ST. Petersburg IN
December last TO inquire into the
serious charges made against her IN
England, America, and New Zealand
have concluded their labors and the
result has been communicated to
Miss Marsden's London committee,
who will recognize that Miss
Marsden's work must be closed and
that the committee must Immediately
dissolve.
"When, III December, the commit
tee, was formed, Miss Marsden
agreed that If the decision should be
adverse she would surrender all the
decorations, letters, &c, bestowed
upon her by imperial and royal we'll
wishers. It is now my painful duty
to call upon her to fulfil her promise
A written acknowledgement OF the
gravest charge has been made by
Miss Marsden. You will thus know
that no possible injustice will be
done her.
IN. Pobedonostzeff, Procurator Of
the Holy Synod, has undertaken to
forward TO Siberia any funds now in
the hands Of the London committee
for the relief of the lepers."
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04

In the interior of Australia is q
series Of great lakes occupied by
water only at long intervals. The
mud which remains when the water
is absent is filed with the bones of
geologic monsters.
Pastor Kneipp, the inventor Of the
new water cure system, has several
thousand patients at Worishofen this
summer. Among them are members
Of the German nobility, who take
their morning walk barefOoted ike
all the rest.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04

4 rattlesnake owned by Arthur
Hayes, of Erin, Tenn, has not tasted
a particle of food during the -
months of its captivity.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04
The Water Supply is Ample.

a population the largest
in the world
:
$ ne q
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04

healthy established enviabe
City recommend it S a natural sanitaum.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04
The = Honolulu : Soap : House

100 %
ale OF AZ pounds $l25
Mining Candies manufactured by the Emery Candle Works OF
Clncnn 2
Charcoa a
tin
Highes hpcep paid
delicious drink called the
Morning
- BRE1H A MI.
Mutual Telephone 3I4. Bethel Street
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1894-09-04

THE Armory
on Beretania
street was we'll
filled last even
ing at the
S C b u e t re n
clubs mas
'querade ball.
7 h ere W e re
about one hun
dred couples
masked, and