Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1894-01-09

raised for the mutton, for the carcass and
not for the wool in all sections of the coun-
try today where agriculture has become
profitable and where the population has be-
come fixed. The production of wool, the
raising of great foCks of sheep for the wool
that they produce has steadily gone west
ward 1t had been a pioneer industry, and
as population and agriculture have caught
up with it it has moved farther westward,
and woolgrowing on a large scale would
eventually find its home only in those
great rainless ranches and ranges of the
west which could not be brought under
agricultural tilage. There is country
OF the world likely to send pound of wool
to these United States that can produce
1t more cheaply than the people who do
have their hocks upon the great ranches
and ranges of the west. Nowhere in the
world from which any wool would come
to compete with u.s. could woolraising be
carried on more cheaply, under more favor
able circumstances than il is carried on
in Texas.
Iron and Steel.
If there is any one great industry to
which, We could throw down today the tariff
laws and defy the world and march forth to
acquire new fields, it is the great iron and
steel industries of this country. Appause)
The consumption of iron and steel is the
test of civilization; the consumption of iron
and steel is test of the material progress
of any country; and all the other countries
of the world put together have not kept
up to the progress of the United States in
the development of these great industries
in tine last few years.
The whole worlds production of pig iron
in 1918 was but little over '14.OOO,OOO tons.
The United States alone produced in 1892
over 9.UJU,UUO tons. In 1878 our entire prod
uct was a little over 2,UUO,UOV; our entire
product In recent years has reached, II 1t
has not gone beyond, 1O,0UU,UOO tons. That
has been due To the fact that here in this
great undeveloped country of ours, where
with the little population today that in
hablts II We are but running to and fro to
find out what resources 1T possesses we have
but found all along the Appalachian branch
range or the south, all around the great
lakes of the north, deposits OF iron ore so
rich, so easily worked, so accessible to other
materials that We have reached the point
where We can produce iron ore, in Mime
sofa. in Michigan. in Wisconsin, in Alaska
and perhaps at other points in this country
cheaper tnan II can be produced anywhere
else in all the world. With the rich deposits
upon the surface close to the Seaboard in
many places, within a few miles of coal in
other places, with the improved methods OF
mining, with electricity, with the steam
shovel, with all the inventions that always
accompany the march of a great developing
industry. iron ore could be loaded upon the
boats ON the lakes or upon the cars in other
parts OF the country at less than one-half
the cost of getting it to the pit mouth in
most of the countries where heretofore We
So true is it. then, that the tax upon iron
ore is no longer needed to protect us who
nave the largest product of all the world so
true is II, that any little stream OF foreign
ere that might come into this country from
Cuba or elsewhere would only increase the
use or our domestic ores in combination
With t; so true is all this, that for the
timldlty and selfishness that comes from
thirty years of leaning, supposed lean
ing. upon a tariff for protection, The great
IRON masters OF this country might today
boldly say: Throw down the wall. We will
not Only supply this country, but we will go
out ana build up other great countries in
this respect 1t Is true today, that .Uu.uOU-
OO of the people of this earth use nearly
al OF its iron The people of the United
states, France, Belgium, Germany and Eng
land use M per cent of all the iron and steel
that Is used in the world. and the other L.
2OoOCoWO of people use only the remaining
I'D per cent. We have reached what has
been called the steel age. We are using
steel not only in building up our great rail-
way system, not only in building our great
ships Tor transportation on the lakes and on
the sea. but as the common structural ma
terial OF our dwelling houses as the bridge
material on our country roads in almost
every American village of 5000 inhabitants
today has its street railway, and has be-
come consumer of iron and steel And
down in South America, off in Asia off in
Russia. of in Africa, among all the other
1.2U,OO0UoO of the world. the coming of the
iron age is at hand. Out of our bulndess
or the range of Birmingham and in Vir-
ginia and in West Virginia we can get the
material by which we can go out into all
the countries in the world and build their
railroads. build their cities build their
ships. and contribute to their elevation and
their prosperity and their power to con-
sumo. which shall make an indefinite mar
ket Tor all the fabrics OF iron and steel and
ether things that We make in this country
(Applause)
Coal and Lumber
After explaining why coal and lumber
were put on the free list he said that the
question of wages was the vital question of
all this agitation about tariff reform He
expressed himself as willing to base the
whole controversy on the consideration of
this question of wages alone. If protection
increased wages. made work for the labor
ing people and improved the well being of
the American laborer he would hereafter
be protectionist But neither reason nor
experience gives maintenance to any such
idea The wages of labor are paid from
the products of labor. The general pro-
ductiveness of every country determines
the wages of the laboring people of that
country. The general Intelligence of the
laboring people of country also in equal
measure determines the wages of the labor
ing people OF that country. We have higher
nominal daily wages in this country than
elsewhere-i1rst because We are great,
new country in an era of development, and
secondly, because We have the most intel
ligent, self-respecting laboring man i'm all
the world. and any industry that cannot
maintain itself except by taxation ON the
people OF the country instead of increasing
the rate of wages to the extent of it's pro-
lection diminishes the wage rate OF all peo-
pie of the country. (Appiause on demo-
cratic side)
EVERY industry that leans upon taxation
Tor support that calls upon the law to make
the consumers of its products pay more than
they would otherwise be obliged 20 ,,ay
Tor them. Whatever may call it, is a
pdUper industry supported Dy the seIf-sut,-
porting industries OF the country (AppI;,use
on democratic side. Even if IL were true
that the tariff upon the protective goods
mentioned in its schedule was made for the
purpose of protecting the American Iabor-
err and giving him certain wages how is II
possible that a tarn which under the
closest and most accurate ANALYSIS only
touches Ill that way the wages of :, per cent
OF the laborinS people of the country could
increase the wages of the Other ~ per cent
tAppiause). So far from maintaining wages
the effect of the protective system mas been
TO lower the wages of all the Industries of
the country.
The Night Session.
The House then took a recess and when II
met again. at p. m, there were only tWen-
ty members present, with a large crovt 4,