The record-union., 1894-08-27
BIRTH OF ANARCHY.
What Anarchists Demand-Destruc.
tion of All Governments.
rClaualn Id 10 L andnr

What Anarchists Demand-Destruc-
tion of All Governments.
cleveland (o.) Leader.
The execution OF Cesaro Santo, the as
sassin OF President Carnot. will end
another bloody chapter in what the hair
Drained anarchists OF Europe are pleased
to term 1.-THE social revolution"
The sentence rendered Friday, to be
executed in accordance with the prompt
ness that usually characteri2es the m en-
who stand near the guillotine, was fol-
lowed by suppressed murmurs of "vive
Panarchy,' ''vive la revolution social"
and the prisoner was rushed out of the
way with speed which seems to indi-
cate the fear of a possible attempt at
rescue. The feeble demonstrations made
in behalf OF the prisoner will furnish a
reason for redoubled vigilance and Sc
verify on the part of the officers OF the
law everywhere In France.
The assassination of President Carnot
belongs TO the new class of political
crimes that have been perpetuated Within
the last half Of this century. The killing
of Henry ~. by Ravaillac and the
Prince of Orange by Balthazar Gerard
were acts OF religious tanaticism. The
assassins of two American Presidents
were not actuated by the motives of the
anarchists. The various attempts upon
the life OF Napoleon III. by Orsini, and
the latter by the emissaries OF Mazzini,
were largely personal, intended TO ex-
press antagonism to a policy rather than
a social condition. But the killing. Of
President Carnot was aimed as blow at
society, law and Government. 1t was
the act of class Of men who think that
they possess an absolute specific for
doing away with all the ills of life, and
that they can only put it in practice by
first entirely demolishing the present
structure of society.
The creed of anarchiSm could not have
grown up in any country except Russia.
The emancipation of the serts stimulated
the political thought that was just Begin
ming to dawn in the minds OF the Russian
people. They went at once TO the utmost
extremes. The abolition of serfdom was
not enough. They asked for the over
throw of monarchy, the annihilation of
all law and the abolition of government
and taxes. They knew that the desert
tribes lived without laws, and imagined
thai nation of 10000, 600 people would
be happier if its inhabitants were divided
up and scattered about in tribes, owing
allegiance to no monarch and bound by
no obligations except those of the tribe.
These daring innovators believed that
the place To strike first was the head,
whether it was King, a President or an
Emperor. To them all government is
alike, whether it be republican, a consti-
tutional mOnarcv or an absolute despot-
ism. The hare Drained fanatic in Chi
cago has the same unalterable and ir-
reconcilable antipathy to government
that is entertained by the anarchists of
ST. Petersburg or Berlin.
Anarchism will find most sterile soil
to grow in among any of the older
nations of the world, especially among
Anglo-SaXons. 1t grew rapidly in Rus
sia only because the Slavs, as a people,
have never had much political expert
ence. Their first organized government
was established by calling in foreigner,
Ruric the Swede, to govern them. For
eigners dictated their affairs generally. A
treaty between Russia and Constanti-
nope, contained out of fifty signatures
Oh the part of the Car, only three Sia-
vonic names, the other forty-seven being
Norsemen. Peter the Great brought for
eigners into his country from all over
Europe, showerfng honors and wealth
upon them. The people, thus governed
almost entirely by outsiders, had no
political experience themselves and
naturally imbibed deep-seaLed aversion
to a government forced upon them by an
autocratic ruler with the aid of foreigners.
AS soon as few of them began to think
of political affairs they swung over at
once to the most dangerous extreme, and
have been since bitterly opposed to all
government. whatever its character.
OF the leaders of social and political re-
form up to within the last iifty years,
none were in favor of an Immediate abo-
lition of all government. Proudhon, who
was one of the most learned and devoted