davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1894-09-26
Chinese Naval Disaster.

LONDON, Sept. ia dispatch to tho
Central News from Shanghai dated
September 10Th, midnight, says: "A
number of officers who were engaged in
the naval battle on the Yalu river have
arrived at Port Arthur with half dozen
war ships badly damaged and filled with
wounded men." The dispatch says
that the Chinese admiral, Ting's, fleet
left port on Friday evening to convoy
seven transports conveying large force
Of troops. A number of Europeans in
the serverice of the Chinese admiralty
accompanied the troops, which were to
be landed near Wipi, from which point
they were to be sent to the front. These
troops comprised some artillery but were
mostly composed of infantry. Nothing
was seen of tho enemy until the Chi
nese fset reached tho mouth OF tho
Yalu river when a fleet of Japanese war
ships Was sighted. Thereupon the trans
ports were hurried forward and the war
ships were cleared for action. The Of
fort Of the transports to land the troops
Were successful, and most OF them were
gotten ashore before tho naval battle
began. The Chen Yuen was the first
vessel to open fire, and was soon engag-
cd with two Japanese war ships OF about
the same size, one of which is supposed
to have been tho cruiser Chi Yoda.
Soon all OF tho vessels of both fleets
wore engaged with the Chinese cruisers.
Tho Chin Yuen and King Yuen were
sunk and 600 officers and mon on beard
of them were drowned. Only few OF
the mon struggling in the water were
picked up. The Chao Yung and Youn
Wei, in manoeuyering for moro advanta.
geous position, got into shallow water
and ran around. The stranded vessels
were helpless under the fire Of the guns
of tho Japanese ships, and were finally
set on fire by the enemy's shells ana be.
came wrecks. 1t is feared that some OF
the transports ships were sunk, includ.
ing one whose troops had not yet been
landed. The Chinese loss is etimated
at 800 killed and wounded, and the
Japanese loss is supposed to be 1000;
but none OF the Chinese officers giving
accounts OF tho battle, know the names
or tho size of tho four vessels
Of the enemy which are alleged
to have been destroyed. Taking
tho Chinese best view of the battle, it is
plain that the encounter has resulted IN
seriously crlppling the naval strength Of
China
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1894-09-26

TOC3I 900 20 100
There were number of changes OF
small nature, sufficient to make the
nomination of Watts by vote ct
1873, majority of l. For the others the
vote stood: Richbourg 81, Minus 70,
Brailsford %. Marlboro changed her
whole vote to Watts. Richland also
changed to Watts. The others changed
one or two votes at time. Colonel
Watts was declared to be the nominee
of the convention.
SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION.
Nominations for Superintendent Of
Education were next In order. Those
put in nomination were: w. D. May
field, present incumbent; &. Walton
Whitman of Union, Thomas. w. Keitt
of Newberry. The vote stood:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1894-09-26

IOG8l 30 1fo 20
The total vote cast was 302 and the
vote necessary to a choice 151. Spar
tanburg, Aiken and Darlington. .imme-
diately changed their votes to Tomp.
kins. Other counties followed suit.
After the changes the vote was an.
nounced as follows: Harrison SO; Tomp-
kins, 179; Hill, 30. Mr.. Tompkins was
declared the nominee.
COMPTROLLER GENERAL.
For Comptroller General A. w.
Jones of Abbeville and James Norton
of Marion were nominated. Senator
Derham of HorrY was withdrawn. The
ballot resulted as follows:
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1894-09-26

Total. ..126 lU
James Norton declined the nominee:
ADJUTANT GENERAL.
The nominations for Adjutant Gen
eral were General Richbourg OF Rich.
land, DR.. J. P. Minus Of C0llet0n. Col.
J. Gary Watts of Laurens, Col. Brails.
ford of Clarendon. The first ballot re-
suited: Rich. Brails. Watts. Minus.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
THE BRANDON FAIR.

If the first fair of the Brandonites,
which is to come of on Tuesday and
Wednesday of next week, is not sue
cess, it won't be because of lack of effort
on the part of the managers or of adyer-
Using. There are to be six races, which
will be trotted on the track at Forest
Park farm, Just north of the village.
Eight hundred dollars is offered in purses
and premiums. The Sherman military
band of Burlington, % pieces, will fur
nish the music. Excursion rates on the
railroad have been secured. Premium
lists and entry blanks may be had of the
secretary. w. f. Scott.
The programme of Tuesday includes a
ball game at . 80, parade of Give bodies
and horribles at II :45, exhibition of
horses al , p. m. and racing for farmers
purse and , 80 class, concluding with a
concert at floral hall in the evening.
The premiums VIII be awarded
Wednesday morning. At | p. IN. will
come trotting for 3-minute, 80 and free,
for-all purses, "a peg race, cavacade/0i
horses, bicycle races, tug of war, cyl
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
WAS OUT FOR BEAR.

//Ira Benton, - years of age, had the
center of his left hand blown out and
the thumb of his right destroyed by the
accidental explosion of his rifle, Sunday
morning, as he stood in the doOryard at
\. ). Dewey's, two miles sOuthea st of
the village.
The young man has been working
through the summer for Mr. Thomas at
the Caleb Smith place, on the river road
two miles below here He started out
Sunday morning, armed with muZzle-
loading rifle. to look for bear on the
mountains north of East Middlebury.
On reaching Mr.. Dewey's he stopped to
talk. At the time of the accident he
stood leaning upon his weapon with
both hands over the muzzle. 1t is sup
posed that he uncOnsciously raised the
hammer with his foot or leg and that
in falling back it hit the cap with suf-
ticient force to explode it. The ball,
after damaging the hands, passed into
his clothing and up across his chest,
leaving mark SIX inches long just over
his heart 1t then went out through
the neckband of his undershrt, which it
punctured, just missing his head.
Mr.. Dewey brought the young man to
the village, and Doctors Smith and
Noble dressed the wounds. On Monday
he was taken to the Fletcher hospital in
Burlington. The right thumb is en-.
tirely gone, while there is a hole as big
as silver dollar right through >the
middle of the left palm. -
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
LOCAL NEWS.

The Negus place on South Pleasant
street was leased for year, yesterday,
by Prof. IIenclIels. who will soon take
possession.
The graded school suspended on the
afternoons of Wednesday and Thursday
to afford the scholars chance to at
tend the fair.
Buyers say the butter market is hard
ly so strong as it has been of late. The
same price. however, was paid this
week as last, 20 cents a pound for the
very best offered. Eggs sell at Is cents
a dozen.
New halliards, of steel-wire rope, hav-
been rugged on the flag-pole of the grade
ed-schOOl building, and it is hoped that
this rigging will last. A new flag, six by
twelve feet in size, has been procured
for the building.
Good progress is making on the sewer
up through Swift street. No decision
as to what shall be done with refer
ence to providing an outlet for the Court
street sewer had been reached by the
sewer committee at last accounts.
Highway Surveyor Hammond is build
ing retaining wall on the north side
of the Mcleod block in order that the
grace Oh Mill street at the luucllOn WITH
Main may be raised without filling the
vacant space about the lower story of
the block.
The concert at Battell hall Saturday
evening was a decided success. Miss
Holmes is certainly a superb vlOinist and
makes no use of tricks and furbelOws that
often pass for skill She doesn't have to.
Miss Holmes is still at her studies, but It
is not enough to say that she will be an
artist; she is an artist.
A break in the flume caused temporary
eclipse of the electric lights at o'clock
Monday night. Repairs were speedily
made and the luminaries were soon
available again. Arc lights have Just
been Installed in the store of Calhoun 81
Stewart, the only occupants of the Bat
tell block who have used oil lamps of
late.
The fall term of the college began
Yesterday morning. The incoming class
so far reporting numbers 20, 10 young
women and 10 young men, but several
more are coming. The repairs and
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14

improvements upon the college buildings
are so nearly finished that they can be
completed without Inconvenience to the
faculty or students.
Warm, muggy and hazy weather made
life somewhat burdensome on Friday,
Saturday and Sunday. On Monday
came good rain. which wet down the
dust in fine shape and cleared the air.
1t has since been bright and cooler.
weather-wise prophet of Boston says
there will be heavy rains all over New
England from the Doth of this month to
the 10th of next.
Mr.. A. X. Carr's down-country cor
RESPONDENTS advise him to buy nc more
fall apples or pears at present, and he
will not do so. He could find a market
for the last purchases in tins line only
by sending them to Pittsburgh, Pa.
The Providence and other eastern mar
kets were then and still are gutted.
| Potatoes are selling here at 40 cents a
/ bushel.
A branch of the National Investigator
company has been established here, and
almost all the business men of the place
are members. The object of the organl-
cation Is to protect members against the
depredations of dead beats. a secretary
is employed and keeps book in which
are entered the names of all persons
who do not pay their bills. This book
is open to the inspection of members,
who are thus able to find out whom they
can safely trust.
Arrangements have been made for a
union meeting at the Congregational
church next Sunday evening, Sept. l6, al
which Miss Anna Cummings, who has
been engaged in Christian work In South
Africa for the last seven years, will speal
of the condition and needs of that country
and people and of the educational instltu
ton with when she is connected. MIS-
Cummings comes here at the earnest re
quest of some of our people who have
listened to her elsewhere and who arr
very sure that those who fail to hear he
will miss good thing.
> The friends of local doctor are try
ing to find out whether he really mad
anything by a transaction on Wednes
day, but neither they nor he can say an
solutcly whether he is in or out 10y IN
bargain. A party of so-called gypsie
are camping on the middle road south o
, the village. Their camp was visited b.
number of natives. One of these,
Riptorite named Harrington, got into
controversy with a gypsy, the result 0
which was that the gypsY's lower jaw
was broken in three places by blow
from the butt end of a whip. lie cam
to the village and had the damages re
paired by the doctor in question, VIII
, took a horse in payment for the JOB. tn
man having no money. The doctor
friends insist that he would have bee
better of 10 have given the gypsy 50 an
! let him keep The horse.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
KILLED ON THE TRACK

H5ohn O'Neil of Whiting, aged aboG&
~ years, was killed by the cars near
West Salisbury station some time during
Wednesday night.
O'Neil was laboring man and had
been working recently for II. w. Denton
of Whiting. He attended the fair here
on Wednesday, taking the cars at Leices-
ter junction. Wednesday evening he
boarded the mixed train for home, but
followed the crowd out at West Sails
bury, evidently thinking it was Leices-
ter. After leaving the train he walked
back up the track and sat down upon
it, The next thing known of him is that
the engineer of the sleeper north early
yesterday morning discovered his body
beside the track. 1t is surmised that he
was killed by the sleeper south Wednes-
day night The chief injury was hole
in the skull. lie is said by those who
left the train with him at Salisbury to
have been intoxicated. His only near
relative is sister who lives in SPRING
field, Mass.
Undertaken Pinney was sent for about
noon yesterday to go down and prepare
the body for burial. 1t was shipped 70
\ Whiting on the afternoon train. =
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
LOCAL NOTICES.

Go to sheldon's and get key.
Look at sheldon's sl.29 mems shoe.
Buy your flower pots at Benedict's.
Fun line OF infants wear ut f. X. Claws
GO to E. r. Clay's for Jackets and wraps.
Rooms to let J. sPEYER.
good dinner for a quarter at Taylors.
Err. Claws is the place to BUY millinery.
FOR sALE-At the Star Mill, cord and fire
wood.
Get your soda water at sterns'. The last in
town.
New line OF commode sets just received at
Benedict's.
AExtra fine maple sugar in lOpound cans at
Benedlcrs.
Mixed spices in bulk and in packages at
BenedIcts.
Go to Taylor's restaurant for lunch or a
square meal
Hats ana bonnets trimmed and untrlmmed,
at cost at f. r. Clay's,
Go to G. e. Stevens in Union block to get
your watch repaired
You can buy fine Oak Sewing Machine Mt
b. b. Hopes Tor 5lsG9
new stock OF mems, ladies' ana children 5
shoes at Beckwith cos.
Plain and fancy flower pots, including ew
styles in hanging pots, at Benedlcts.
The best bargain in town IN the way of
mans shoe at sheldons.
new stock of mems shoes at free trade
prices at Beckwith & Co.'S.
WANTED-An experienced dining room girl
and pa II eooiy at piqrcp ITousp
big drop on furniture, All must go. Call
and get bargains at B. b. Hopes.
All baby carriages must go less than cost.
Call at b. b. Hopes furniture store
Watch repairing done at reasonable prices
by G. L. stevens at Taylor's restaurant.
Flour and all kinds of grain and mill feed
at the Star mill nj the market price
To RENT-The Dorsey house.
U. d. TwITCHELL.
10 kinds finest spices and enough Tor ten
glllons OF pickles in packages at Bond Bros
Why do you go without spring beds when
you can get them at Is. II. Hopes for sl25?
wANrED-A girl tor general homework /;
good wages to the right one b. II. LANE.
For RENT-Rooms for scholars.
U. ID. TwITCHELL.
See display at fair OF fine furniture and
sold at reduced prices, b. b. HOPE.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
ADJUSTMENTS.
TIE McGIRENY FANI1I.

Thirteen members of this noted family
who are on driving trip through the
mountains from their home at New
Salem, Mass, Will appear at the town
hall on Tuesday evening next, the 18th
inst. As almost every one is aware, their
programme consists of full band, full
orchestra, full chorus and ten soloists :;
and their selections this year are said to
surpass anything they have ever before
attempted. Tickets will cost %, 30 and
80 cents. Reserved seats are on sale at
Sterns'.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
TRAVELLERS GUIDE.

Trains pass Middlebury station at the ho"rS
given below ,ooo,
como NoRrH-Express, 3; 2l a. M; local
ak press, 9 40 a. M; mail, 3 10 p m; express
:35 p. m. ,,,oss
come soUTH-Msil, $40 a. M; EXPRESS
- 80 pm.; passenger, 4 IS p. M; passenger
$40 d. M; express, 1922 p. m
MAILS CLosE-North, ? 80 and go p M
Routh. $40 n. IN. and 30 p. M; STAGE d
pm
Sac Central vt. time table, elsewhere
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14

PAsruRAeE-Near the village, for horses or
cattle, by the week or season,
U. d. TwIrcHELL.
Losr-At the Republican caucus, Aug. "a, a
pair of steel.bowed spectaclts.
E. w BIRD.
FOUND AT LAsr-You can find the largest
line of spring beds in Addison county at
Hopes Furniture store.
Large assortment of stationery and paper
by the pound; also fine assortment OF
pocketbooks at sterns'.
See A. II. Bristols advertisement of cream
separatcrs in another column. These ma
chimes win be shown at the county fair.
decentralization is called to the adver-
t1sement in another column, of the auction
at the skin place, Bridport, the 22d inst
FOR RENr-My residence on Court street,
furnished or unfurnished. Inquire OF E. u
Rogers. MRS. W. H. ALLEN
NOTICE. want to sell every wagon have
inside of.sO days. VIII give prices that will
sell them. ~ b. SMITH,
I have the best line of millinery goods
ciualxs, gloves, trimmings, etc, etc, ever In
stock. H. H. CLAY
NoTrCE-I have tor service the registered
JERSEY bull Coomassic Lord, I'd, No 29272, a
frst-class animal OF choice breeding. Fee
81, payable at time of service.
TT W r. HAMMoND.
Nor1cE.-IIaving formed partnership with
Mr.. j. II. stewart, am'closlng up all old &C
counts, which must beEpaid at once.
1s.tt ALLAN CALHOUN.
ATTENTION, FARMERS Parties having hay
to sell can see us ut our Office in MiddleOury
every Monday, or address us at Nergennes
and their interests will have prompt atten
ton. 22:tt. BOOTH WALNER'
For SALE-Hybridized Mediterranean win
ter wheat tor seed; 20 cleaned bushels TO II
acres Mt Farnsworth Il Co.'S, the Star mil
or at my house
s63w II. e. SANFORD,
West Cornwall.
FOR sALE-valuable house and lot in the
village of M1ddlebury, the former residerc'
of Col. A. S. Tracy, situated on south Conr
street. Thls-ls a modern-built house and L
in excellent condition. For information an'
price inouire of THAD. NJ. CHAPMAN.
March IS, 1884.
have the agency tor selling some desirable
places both in and near Middlebury village
One ffty.acre farm, with small new buildings
well located. Some larger farms at low fig
ures. 1t is a good time toibuy.
L. ID. TwITCHELL.
January Is, 1894.
Losr-A ladies gold hunting case watch @
Swiss manufactures with short chain attached
either on the fair ground or in the streets q
Mlddlebury late in the afternoon of Wedne'
day, Sep. p. II the finder win leave the sam
at the Register Office or deliver to owner Il
her home, Cornwall, Vt, suitable rewar
will be given. MRS. CURTIS SAMfsON'
Cornwall, vt.
FOR SALE-Ripe and green peppers.
j. NJ. PECK.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
COUNTY AND VlolNlrY NOTES.

There are $50 pupils in the graded
school at Bristol.
The presentation of the cantata,
"The Flower Queen, by New Haven
people at Holley hall, Bristol, has again
been postponed till Friday evening, the
2lst inst.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
THE WRoNc SHELDON.

The Sheldon elected justice of the
peace IN Middlebury at freemen's meet
ing was DR.. w. H., not Mr.. Henry L.,
as our report of election enormously
stated. The latter declined to serve
longer and the doctors name was placed
upon the ticket in order to keep good
the Democratic representation on the
hoard
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14

ROMAN CATHOLIC.


REV. J. NJ. GELOr PASTOR.
This is the order Of services in the r. O..
nnurch commencing with Trinity sunday,
met
Mass at 1O.OOa.m. After Trinity, mass AT al
telnate Sundays Mt and 10: 30 a. N. Bene-
iection and prayers every sunday ut :3o D.
m Regular time tor catechi5m, 80 p. M
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
THE CHURCHES.

, . , T III n
PEW ( r. BLUNT, RECTOR.

REV. 5. e. BLUNIi NtOIUIs'
r,o ,,,o,nip,r services on the first Sunday
n, zach month will be Plain morning prayer
at i0 o'clock; High celebration (onlyl NY, WitI
music and sermon, at me usual nour vi , ~ h io
ON All other Sundays the services VIII po
Low celebration at Il. M; matlns NoiilS)
With music and sermon at 10 40 a. m -.
Sunday school, AA'i u m
Evening service, -.ao n IN
FridAYs, - -
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
CONGREGATIONAL.


REV. A. w. DICKENS PASTOR
Sunday services, ~ 40 Il, n' I 'OO - III
sabbath school, IL ~ ~ ,.oo,, ~,
thursday, conference meeting '99O - ~
Up. S. e. E., Sundays, o'o' - AZ
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14


POTTER CHAPTER, NO. %, X. A. NJ.
". II. Breiester, NJ Il. II. p.
stated convocations the third Tuesday even
ing OF each month.
kIDDLEBURY COUNCIL, NO. IA, r. AND 3. N'
". II. BreiCSter T. !. d.
Stated assemblies the second Tuesday even
ing OF each month.
MT CALVARY COMMANDERY, NO. l, X. T.
Sir ". H. Kingsley, E. c.
Regular conclaves the fourth Wednesday OF
eSch month.
WIN. p. Russell POST, NO. 50, G. A. R.
C.E. Youtt, commander; James NJ. Tracy,
;. V. c.; Otis Abbey j. V. G.
Regular meetings the second and fourth
Wednesday evenings of each month.
CAMP A. s. TRACY, $. OF V.
ChdS. +. Rich, Captain.
Regular meeting the second and fourth Fri
Gay evenings of each month.
GREEN MOUNTAIN LODGE, NO. S74, X. OF H.
". NJ CusamGR, Dictator.
Regular meetings the last Thursday evening
OF each month.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
THE FRATERNlTIES.

LAKE DUNMoRE LODGE, NO. II, L o. OF o. F..
R.A. Calhoun, ". g.; j. 4. Dyer 7. g.;
H. Il. peck Sec'g
Meetingc every Friday evening at ! 80
O'Clock. Degree work every meeting. Hall
IN Overs block.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14

REV. T. q. LYONS, PASTOR
Sunday Services, ~ 80 a. M I '' p 'ii'
Sunday school, IL 'oO H. roo, -,
Praver meeting, Thursday, t5J p III
YP. 5. c. E., sundays, g 100 p N.
Seats tree.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14

r. NJ Chapman, w. W.
Regular communications the first Monda.
evening of each month.
Middlebury register. (Middlebury, Vt.) 1886-1937, 1894-09-14
Socal 111atters.
THE WEATHER.


FOR THE WEEK ENDING Wednesday sEFI' ~
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1894-07-31
WHAT THE TINES DEMAND,

We marvel how so many men and
women can be Indifferent to the injus-
tice and oppression around them.
Their eyes never fash indignation at a
story of wrong; they are never touched
by a scene of suffering. The high and
holy thought that is lifting humanity
nearer the Christ ideal and silently
building the new government of justice
and righteousness is as wasted upon
them as is the breath of roses upon
swine. They are to be pitied-these
benighted souls. They are so dead
asleep they know not that the Master
is near, walking upon the waters. But
more to be pitied-indefinitely more
are those who are awake, but, from
cowardice, pretend as though they
slept, and thus drift along with the
current of conservatism, tacitly up
holding the existing order of things by
their criminal silence.
The times demand men-genuine,
fearless, all-round men, with none of
the snob in their makeup. What cares
a true man for the ridicule and ostra-
cism of the arrogant and conscience
less9 There is nothing in common be-
tween them and him, Numerically
opposed in thought, feeling, and aspira,
ton as they and he are. He knows
that the flower of the human race-the
loftiest intellects, the choicest souls
have always been and are to day with
the poor and wronged of earth, willing
aye, glad-to suffer, even to die, for
their kind. Then, why should any man
hesitate to let the world know where
he stands in the present struggle be-
tween Humanity and the Dollar9-
Richmond EUening Star.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1894-07-31
READY TO DECEIVE US AGAIN

1t would seem as if the cantankerou5
opponents of every measure that the
common people suggest or advocate
would learn, after awhile, to be decent
in their criticisms. That instead of
villifying everybody and everything
that the money aristocracy and the old
political theorists do not accept, ex-
perience would teach them moderation.
for time has shown them over and over
again that they have been a set of
stupid ignoramuses and that the peo-
pie have been right, says the Chicago
Farmers Voice.
That was the case with reference to
the greenback and the denomination
of silver. In both cases time proved
that these self appointed censors of
public opinion never uttered a word of
sense or truth in their opposition to
the greenback and silver .remonitiza-
ton. And now what about the repeal
of the silver purchasing clause of the
Sherman law? These fellows said that
this clause was the cause of the depres
sion. What have the months since
the repeal said? They said that gold
and silver could not be made to circu-
late side by side. And now what are
some of their associates saying on the
subject? The Vermont Republican
State Convention resolved in favor
of the free coinage of silver condition
ally. 1t ''hailed with enthusiasm"
every effort of the government to &C.
cure free coinage. The California Re-
publican Convention declared in favor
of the free coinage of silver at the
ratio Of 16 to 1; and the Republican