The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1894-06-07
CHAPEL HILL GRADUATES.
Cosins Exercises Of the University Of
North Carolina.
SECRETARY HOKE SMITHS ADDRESS.
". Commeuds the South to the Young Men
OF the Country-List OF craduates-
Reception Last Night.

were teAbtAF oN''HNN~
charles Leonard Vannopper was award
q the Mangum medal. II. IA. Horne the
reorcsentative medal. f.. l.. Wilson the
history prize. G. II. White the Kerr medal
a. r. LATHE the Worth medal, and IL. H.
Horne the University Magazine medal.
SECRETARY SMITHS ADDRESS.
Mr. Smith opened his speech with
reference 10 the years of hts childhood
sornt al Chapel Hill, while his father
vas a member OF the faculty. lie then
stated that he came with no speech OF
prepared sentences. but with heart full
81 hope and longing for the material de-
yelopmcnt OF the South. and deeply In
fertSted in the future welfare or North
carolina. lie called attention TO the ad-
Vice given by Horace Greeley years ago,
f.r young men TO 20 west. NO one ndd
doubted that the advice was wise, but
Inquiry should be made. TO determine
WHY Il was wise. He said: ''As loyal
son OF this Union. desiring the prosperity
o. lts every state. county and nome,
may still say that in the South at That
,e-y time. could be found lands as FER
Tile, mines as rich, climate far more
e-ntle, and section upon which re re-
freshing showers fell in every season.
Why then was II wise to ADVISE nome.
seekers 10 go west rather than SCUM
lie called attention TO the fact mat me
South was settled at about the same
time as the east. AS an Illustration, ne
made a comparison between North caro-
lima and Massachusetts, showing the su-
periority Of natural resources 90, 90 Nor ~
carolina had $4,000 inhabitants, whlle
Massachusetts has but 3Sl 600 Win every
natural advantage IN favor o ,l,,b ~ o on ~.
seventh Of the area, possesses SIX uHies
the wealth lie then asked. WHY hss
the tide Of population poured INTO inc
West why has Massachusetts out-grOWh
North Carolina? ] ask these questions
not for the purpose of creating jealousy
on the part Of North Carolnians LOT any
other section. but because ! desire TO
impress a truth from which future dc
lion can follow.
CAUSES or ADVANTAGE
He attributed the advantages Of the
West and the superior growth OF the
East over the South TO two causes flrst'
10 the institution Of slavery. Second, 10
the legislation incident TO RECONSTRUCTION
lie claimed that the institution OF sla-
very divided the people Of the south INTO
three classes. First, the rlch Save owl
ers who had no inducement TO exert
themselves for material gain. Second, ne
poor whites. who brought into compeu-
ton with slave labor. had no opportunity
10 accomplish results. Third, the slaves
themselves. who labOred without asp-
ration doing only that which was forced
upon them.
IL created an agricultural system which
was calculated 20 gradually exhaust me
soil. while II was productive OF waste
and had no tendency 20 develop resources
other than those Of an agricultural ma
ture. lie urged that the foundation OF
material growth must rest upon the IN
teilectual vigOr and creative faculty OF
the common people, Of the great laborlns
masses Of the people, and that the N
stitution Of slavery took from the SOuth
the possibility OF growth based upon
such a force
lie characterized the plan Of reconstruc-
ton as LEGISLATION criminallN stupid IL
not only freed q large portion OF the pop
ffI..fDn who had been slaves. but IL gave
to them tne right OF suffrage without
first requiring preparation for sunrake
AS natural result they teH unaer tne
control of whites who came into the
South with nothing bat their carpel-DaSs,
with no interest in the section except
what they could prepare TO take out OF
g. While there were some few men VINO
came into the South I'm this way; VINO
subsequently proved themselves 10 be eN-
cellent citizens a great majority o. InS
white politicians who invaded the South
between - and 20 came with no patriotic
purpose bar with the desire 70 use the
ignorant blacks for selfish ends.
CHANGE HAD coMg.
, the first ten years after the war,
~ energies Of the best people were DE-
voted 10 the preservation of what little
they had from legislative thieyery, and
az the same time % the creation of de-
cent local government BY 1880 a change
had come. The blacks had improN ed
mentally. and a portion of them had be-
the control of the carpet-bagger and re-
allied that their white neighbors were to be
their best friends. The percentage OF
the whites was largely increasing over
the blacks and the dread Of a race
struggle had ceased. The number of
schoOl-houses were being largely increased
and their beneficial effect was reaching
the masses Of the people.
BR GIT FRO CTS OF The FUTURE
He then asked the attention from a
criticism OF the past 10 a consideration
OF the bright prospects for the futurN
lie showed that with every man free.
with the evils of reconstruction largely
overcome. with school-houses literally
scattered throughout the State, North
Carolina from 1850 10 1890 had surpassed
Massachusetts In her percentage of in
creased wealth. Massachusetts, percentage
OF increase or total wealth was 69;
North Cardinals 26.1. Massachusetts
percentage of increase Of manufactured
product was 40a2, North Carolinas 1902
Massachusetts farm lands decreased in
value s276, North Cardinals increased
IN value 1853. lie said. THE lesson 10
be learned, 10 be followed IN the future,
was one which would lead 10 the devel-
opment Of the individual strength the
individual thought Of every citizen Of
the state. especially Of the laboring mass
cs OF the State. the freedom Of all the
people, the education Of all the people"
Speaking of the future growth of the
eection. he said that much was 10 be ex-
leried from the emigration Of home
f.FhHIa, Uuch was 70 be expected
from the investment OF foreign CAPITAL
CD SOUTHERN manufacturing industries,
fHat the people Of the South would well
come both and treat both with perfect
fairness.
lDNDr MINED THR RICHMOND spVEcH.
That while the South would always
revere and honor its dead heroes and
statesmen. il was as loyal TO the Union
al Amy portion of the Union, and he
tro.oed 10 know that from one end Of
~ south 10 the other condemnation had
cone rom the foolish speech uttered
0'e week ago at Richmond.
ne s4id. The people OF the South should
"e-Onal without animosity, but sec
IN "a determination by individual
and enthusiasm 20 make a great
a.h He urged. the Sectionalism Of
t woadest patriotism, the sectionallsm
=" Ne deepest love"
pug develop the section, he said that
Immediate work must be done by
tNr masses OF the people; that the lead
u.s. could only furnish Inspiration and
slcJIragement Their work was 10 be
y. ae development mentally and morally
u ne masses. Therefore Ii would not
p- iu- lawyers and the judges who I'm
p De tae statesmen. for IL was utterly
A.poeslble 10 increase the actual values
us ehdn8eing the mode Of measuring
..Ies on cannot Increase quantity by
Increasing the size OF bushel measure
"'I can you increase value by depre-
ntllng The worth OF the currency through
"N'ch value Is estimated.
sc ydFs or D sfLoPmsMT.
The direct agencies of future develop
900 would be the teachers In the school
uses the farmers whose devices for