The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-11-11


AT hevyn l viii begin" says Dame Jul
yam Berners. the accomplished prioress of
Scpewell. in her "Boke of St. Adams"
published III 1856, where were five orders
of angels, and now stand but fo1r, in
coat armor of knowledge, encrowned full
high with precious stones, where Luclfer
with millions of angels out OF heVyn fell
into hell and oder places, and ben there
holden in bondage; and all were erected in
! hevyn of gentill nature" 1t is satisfac-
/ the four Evangelists were gentlemen
"come by the right line of that worthy
conqueror, Judas Maccabeus," and also
Church-St. jerome. st. Ambrose, st, All-
sustine and st. Gregory-were gentle
men of blood and coat agmor."
Although heraldic authorities have made
no direct attempt to solve the veXed queS-
ton,
When Adam delved and Eve span,
Who was then the gentleman?
yet they have assigned to Adam two
in Eden before the fall-when he needed
neither coat for covering nor arms for
defense-conSisted of a shield gules, upon
which the arms Of Eve Ia shield argent
were quartered as an escutcheon of pre-,
tense, she being an heiressi The second
coat, borne after the expulsion from the
garden, was 'paly tranche, divided every
way, and tinctured of every color. the
use of furS in blaZonry is, 1t mas been
solemnly asserted, relic of the garments
of skin worn by our first parents. Inc
second man who lived upon the. earth,
Abel. was, we are told, a true gentleman
proof that it does not necessarily take
three generations to manufacture the ar
ticIe Cain was mo gentleman" by pc
haVior. but he was the first man VINO ne,
sired TO have his arms changed, so Goa
set His mark upon him. .
the Old Testament have been accredlteo
with coats-of-arms. These are. as RUE,
highly appropriate, except in the case o 3t
JCseph's heraldic coat, which was merely
black tinctured with white--"chequY sa"
HE and argent whereas something after
the pattern Of Adams second coat WoulG
9 surely have been more in keeping win
the youthful .Joseph's favorite attire
Gideon bore arms sable, q fleece argent
Il chief azure quite d'eau: David a harp
or in q, field argent: and Samson, Suies, a
lien couchant, or. within an orle argent,
senee Of bees sable. Armorial enSlSnS
are supposed to have received divine sane
ton, for God, when prescribing unto Mo-
ses the form of conducting the lsraeiltes
in their journey through the wilderness:
expressly commanded the use of armorial
signs, saying The children Of Israel
shall pitch their tents every man by his
own camp, and every man by his own
, standard
Turning from scriptural to classical her
aldry. the devices and badges borne by
the Greek warriors upon the shield or
helmet were eagerly seized upon by the
medieval heralds as a proof OF the an.
tiquity of their art, and, with the help OF
little Imagination, were developed INTO
ar elaborate system of armory- me pc
ginning of arms" according to curious
old MS. preserved at the Heralds' College.
was first found at the great siege OF
Troye, within the cite and without. Inc
great lordes gathered together, and accor.
ded that every man that did great ACT 6,
of arms should bear upon him a merke IN
token of his doughty deeds. When
the siege was ended the lords went forth
into divers lands to seek adventures, ana
Rrute and his knights with his merkes
came to England, and inhabited the land;
and after, because the name of merkes
was rude they turned the same into
arms forasmuch the name was far fairer,
and because that merkes were gotten
through might OF arms of men.
Our latter-day heralds repudiate all
well as with Scrptural armory. The
modern system OF heraldry. ii is now
believed, had its rise in the standards
used by the German princes in the CEN
man conquest. Henry the Fowler adj
vanced it TO its next step when, in regu-
lating the tournaments, he ordered that
by liveries composed of narrow pieces of
stuff of various coloEs. But if the Ger
mans invented heraldry, he French re
duced it TO system, 10 them g dne
the arrangement of tinctures and metals,
the attitudes of the animals, and the
technical terms used in blazonry. AL
though coat armor ls said 10 have been
Conqueror's reign, it did not become he
reditary until the time of Henry III.
In 1913 Richard III incorporated the En-
glish heralds who before that date mad
been attached to the court or TO the
households Of great mobiles. into fra
ternity. and founded the establishment
known as the College Of Arms. In the
days of great pageants the revenues OF
the heralds, from one source or another,
must have been considerable. At coro-
nation they received 800, and on the
kings marrying a. wife ESQ, with the gilt
of the kings and the queens uppermost
oar
gesse for proclaiming the styles and IL
ties of the nobility on pubic occasions.
and could claim valuable perquisltes IN
the shape of rich stuffs, velvets, tissues
and cloth of gold that were used for the
furniture and decorations Of state func-
tons.
AS time went on the heralds performed
other and more useful duties than the
solemn mummeries required by their roy
al employers. They took charge of the
genealogies of noble or gentle families:
more especially after the dissolution of
monasteries. in which during the lawless
mediaeva days valuable documents had
been placed for safe custody. About once
IL a generation visitations We're made
by the heralds to inquire into the pedi
gree of every family in the country
claiming the honor of gentility. The Wis
itations were especially necessary IN and
after the prosperous reign OF elizabeth,
when many nouFeauX riches sprang up
who desired to bear arms. To meet this
demand heraldic adventures, such as are
to forge pedigrees and invent coats-of-
arms for the sake OF filthy iucre. One
OF the most remarkable incidents in the
history of English heraldry is to be
found in the triumphant career of the
college of arms during the storms of the
great rebellion and under the stern rule
OF the commonwealth. Garter King at
Arms kept his head and his title after
King Charles head had fallen, after the
name Kings Bench had been changed
even after the word kingdom had been
blotted out of the Republican dictionary.
Cromwell, indeed. like most parvenus,
loved pon1p and finery; mis- pageants are
said TO have surpassed those of his royal
predecessor in splendor and costliness,
and we doubt not that he kept the her
aids hard AT work.
Il was natural that in the days when
the shield was meant for use as well as
for ornament, when the crest was worn
on the helmet instead of on the livery
buttons, and when the family motto was
d, war cry, the study OF heraldry should
have been included in the educational
curriculum, and that copious litera-
ture on the subject should have arisen.
In the sixteenth century a curious little
book called The Accedens OF Armory''
was published by Gerard Leigh. This
purDorted TO be dialogue between Ger
ard the Herehaught and the Callgat
knight, wherein, by the aid of roughly
drawn Illustrations, the former eX-
planned to the latter the existing system
Of armory. In the. preface Leigh divides
the ungentle into three unequal parts, as
follows: 1.-The first whereof are gentle
ungentle. Such be they who will rather
swear arms than bear arms. Who of
negligence stop mustard pots with their
fathers pedigrees. The second sort are
ungentle gentlemen, who being enhanced
to honors by their fathers, yet cannot
keep so much money from the dice as
to make worshipfri obsequies for the
said fathers, with any point of armory.
Most of these desire the title to
worship. but none do work the deed that
appertainetE thereto. The third sort, and
worst of all, are neither gentle. ungentle
nor ungentle gentle. but very stubble
ours, and be neither doors, sufferers nor
well-speakers of 1onors token"
Even as late as the seventeenth CEN
he eoianra nf hara ldrv seems m