davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10
Tha Farmer,s Place.

The farmers place in progress is a very
important one, and it is interesting to
notice what change has come about in
the place he occupies since the beginning
of the Christian era, says the American
Farmer and Farm News Always the
man upon whom the world must depend
largely for food supplies, he at first occu-
pied the lowest place in society, was, in
fact. bondsman and fixture upon the
estate where he was born. His life, even,
was in the hands of his master, and he
had no rights that any other class was
bound TO respect. Toiling early and late
with the rudesU tools and by the most
primitive methods, he was the victim of
every one, and had need to be thankful if
at the end of the year, his harvests were
not appropriated by the lord of the es-
tate. and he left 20 get along as best he
could.
Gradually, and after long years came
better things for the tiller of the soil
Civilization spread its light in greater
volume and gentler methods prevailed
among nations and individuals. War;
instead of being looked upon as the
greatest profession among men, and the
only one which LED 10 honor gave place TO
scholarship, and from state of densest
ignorance society began 10 educate itself
peace were greater than those of war
The position Of the farmer improved with
this Improvement, and at tae time of the
discovery Of America the tiller of the soil
was looked upon as really respectable
sort of a person.
Then began IA new era for the farmer.
With the settlement of this country,
those VINO titled the soil became the
wealthy ones of the nation, and their pros
perity reflected honor on their profession,
and 10 be a farmer was TO belong TO the
highest profession in the land. All
through the history of this country the
farmer has held an honorable position,
and in these latter days, despite the walls
of the calamitists, there is no class in this
country that leads the farmer in the
march of progress. To him all men must
look for their daily food supply, and for
him inventors evolve machines 70 SOW,
cultivate and reap. For his advantage
and convenience lines of railway are built
10 the remotest corners Of the country.
The farmers OF the country compose
about 45 per cent. Of the population, and
if il were not for their necessities there
would be no commerce worth speaking Of.
II is all well enough 20 cay that the far
lner and the business man are interdepen-
dent on each other, but really the farmer
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10
Making Farm Life Attractive.

The great development of the country
that began almost Immediately after the
war of the rebellion drew large number
of farmers sons to the cities, says an ex-
change. Many of them were attracted
by the advantages offered in business,
and others had been untitled for the quiet
life of the country by their experience
while in the army. This current still sets
steadily cityward, and its results were re-
allied in the last census, when one-thi.d
of the population of the country was
found in cities of 5000 people and over
II has been increased by the abandon
ment of nearly all the old-time omuse-
ments that were once in use in the coun-
try The singing school, the apple-paring
Zee, the husking bee and the other forms
of innocent amusement that were in vogue
twenty-five years ago have nearly all
gone into disuse.
When the baroness. the isolation and
the hard work of farm life are taken into
account, and the attractions which city
life offers to the young, the part drift
away from the country is easily ex-
planned. BIT it is likely that this force
is being spent, and that another census
will see smaller percentage of the popu-
lation of the country than now living in
the cities. The overcrowding, the lack of
work and the hardships that must be en-
dured by the poor in cities are preaching
their sermons and turning the at
tention of many to the country.
The progress of science and in
vention are also certain to take away
much of the isolation from life in the
country. The crusade for good roads,
which promises in the near future to sub
stitute well-built highways for the
muddy rutty country roads of to-day is
one means. The constant cheapening of
electricity, which must soon girdle the
country highways with electric roads, is
another means; and the bicycle, which
every farmers boy and girl ought to
know how to ride, is a third means of
placing the farm in cheap, quick and easy
communication with other farms and
with town and city also
Every means that will tend to spread
the people over the country and restore
farm lie to its former dignity and con-
tentedness ought to be encouraged The
more healthful, their lives would be
purer and more useful, if the old equi-
librium between the city and the country
were brought back again. The increasing
disposition of well-to-do people to go to
the country early and stay late will act
as an incentive to draw other people there
by adding to the social advantages. The
greater security and comfort of life on the
farm over city life no one can dispute, and
if to these features the means for more
healthful amusement and more frequent
mingling with men can be added, the
health. wealth and happiness of the ma
ton will be increased many fold.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10
The Vegetable Garden.

With proper care and attention there is
no portion of the. farm that in reality
gives better returns than the vegetable
garden says the Tennessee Farmer. But
inasmuch as much is required of it, much
may be given in the way of fertilizing
material, the real value of many kinds of
vegeta Dles depend upon a rapid and Wig
orous growth and therefore as an impor-
tant prelimary step there should be an
abundance of well decomposed and act
i've manure applied to the soil. There is
hardly any danger of applying too much
as the experience of the most successful
market gardeners will at once decide.
Another important condition is a thor
ough pulverizing of the soil and incorpora
tion of the manure herewith. The sur
face should be made smooth and of fine
filth, so that good seed bed shall be
provided.
Another very important consideration
is the selection of seed; none but the best
should be used. With all the foregoing
conclusions complied with, their effect
may be almost wholly destroyed by the
use of poor, weak seed. Seed that is of
the best, possesses in itself the germ of
strength, and plants from such seed have
a vigorous and healthy start that is soon
augmented by the power of the fertilizer.
AS a rule seed grown the previous year is
much superior TO old, even if the old was
good at first. Age in any seed seems to
impair their vital power.
Having planted the seeds, the next
step, and one of no little Importance, is
the cultivation. 1t must be remembered
that clean and frequent culture is an i'm
portant one to growth, and that neglect
of this may very seriously retard the
growth of, and result in the injury of the
croD Where il is DOsSi blP to DrOduce If
irrigation is one important factor in the
growth of good vegetables, for even with
favorable soil, plenty of manure, good
seed and the requisite cultivation and
vegetables well started in growth, such
growth may be suddenly retarded and
perhaps wholly arrested by sudden and
unexpected drought; in which case the
vegeta bles are greatly injured; but if
when drought is approaching, water
can be applied to the soil, the growth
will be made more rapid than ever to the
richness, tenderness, and consequent
value of the various crops grown.
There is in its season most constant
demand upon the predictions of a good
vegetable garden, demand, the value of
could hardly be realized, except by a com
plete lack of such luxuries as the garden
affords, compelling the purchase of all
vegetables used, and even then, the true
value would not be likely to be de-
termined, for the reason that much less
would be likely TO be consumed than
would be the case where free access were
had TO everything that could be desired.
For the reasons stated therefore a good
garden should be provided upon every
farm even at the expense of little labor
taken from other duties of the farm for
such labor will give returns that if not so
profitable are infinitely pleasurable.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10

Examination of market reports to-day
shows the price Of corn 20 be higher than
that of any other grain, says the Farmers
Review. The are few men living who
can recall such state of affairs, and, if
am not at fault, it has not occurred in
fifty years past, If ever, in this country
With wheat quoted at As TO 80 cents, rye
at As and corn at So to 81, it is time for
farmers to get an intelligent idea OF the
feeding value of the small grains and to
reduce the surplus by substituting them
for corn. In my judgement, either wheat
or rye can be fed probably and safely to
all kinds of farm stock if this
one simple precaution is used-mix
it with bran; and just now bran is
the chapest food the farmer can
buy. I have filed my store-room with it
the past week at SD per ton, and wheat
is worth over Sl6, without grinding, rye
nearly as much, and corn so, and any of
these grains will be safer To feed and
more digestible if mixed equal parts, by
weight, with bran, and viii give better
results AT present can see no prospect
of Improvement in the price of small
grain aud would advise farmers to plan
TO feed it not only this year, but in the
future. In many cases it will without
doubt, pay better to grow rye for
this purpose than wheat The ad-
y 1
1t is much harder grain, will
produce paying crop on land that is TOO
poor 10 grow a profitable crop of wheat,
and may besown a month later should the
weather be (as is sometimes the case) so
dry at the usual seeding time as 10 delay
putting in the crop. Rye sown the mid
die of October will stand good chance
for full crop My own experience with
rye shows that it will WELD from twenty
five to fifty per cent. more bushels per
acre than wheat. Second-The straw is
of considerable more value than that of
wheat, and the farmer near enough city
market, so that he can deliver it on
wagons in bundles, can get nearly or
quite the price of the best hay for it, and
the straw alone will pay all the expense
by our Cincinnati commission men
that the demand for long rye
straw usually exceeds the supply. If
it is baled, it can be shipped on the cars,
and a simple baling machine could be
made to bale the bundles, so that the
farmers living at distance from the city
could ship it prohtably in box cars
Third-If care is taken to keep the stock
off the fields when the land is soft, rye
may be pastured both fall and spring
with little damage to its yield of grain,
and additional benefit received in this
way. 1t is an advantage not to be over
looked in growing rye for feed that it
rlpens early, and will give grain food from
eight to ten weeks before corn is ready to
feed, and, as in years of scarcity corn is
always high in price and farmers fire.
quently must pay more than city prices
for it, and find it hard to get at that, it is
quite saving Of money to have this grain
to feed
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10
PEFFER's PERaUIsITEs.
Good Things the Kansas Senator Is
Likely to Be DE- prived OF
From the 80. Louls Republic.

From the st. Louis Republic.
Washington, Sept. 5.-The indications
at present prevailing in this city are that
Senator PETER has got himself into that
delightful position known as being be-
tween the man-eating shark in the water
and the man-eating tiger on the land, and
the prospects are that both will get him.
When congress convened in extraordi-
nary session on Aug. z year
ago the democrats gathered Senator PEI
fer into the majority fold and received
him with more soda water effervescence
than is usually accorded TO new recruits
The party wanted TO solidify their votes
beyond peradventure. Mr. PETER was
given the Craftsmanship of the committee
TO examine the several branches of the
civil service with luxurious committee
room in the MalJby building. While Sen.
ators Hoar, Hawley and other veterans
in the House of Lords were RELOCATED to
dmly lighted and inaccessible locations,
the new debutante from Kansas reveled
in sumptuousness.
AS his share of the Senate fund for the
employment Of clerks and messengers, he
was allowed $1,000 per year This he d.
vided between his two sons AS chair
man of a presumably active committee be
was granted clerk at 81, $50 per year.
This position was filled by his daughter.
Then the gentleman from Kansas settled
down 10 everyday life in an atmosphere
so thick with serenity that many tourists
carried away chunks of it as souvenirs.
But the evil day came. IL slipped along
like policeman with creepers on his feet.
and its insidious advances were glamored
over with the apparently sincere smile Of
fortune. The tariff bill was approaching
a crucial period Questions of moment
were becoming so thick that if senator
lodged one he knocked his head against a
half dozen,
One of MIR PETERS sons was offered a
lucrative position by the Onard Sugar
Company of Nebraska, an adjunct 10 the
sugar trust. IL was such an offer that
the young man turned up his nose at
$1,000 a year, received through the Senate
After that Senator Peter became very
friendly with the sugar trust and seldom
failed to vote as the trust would like in
fact he threw OF all disguise and voted
with the republicans at every turn. The
democrats got angry but IL would not do
10 do anything then. Soon after the adj
journment, however Col. Bright, the SER
geaut-at-arms Of the Senate, informed all
the junior PETERS that their sineoUres
would be cut OF during recess.
A very noisy rumor Is prevalent TO the
effect that the perquisite Of $3.50 for n
clerk will be Withdrawn and that all the
odds and ends Of comforts and preroga-
tives heretofore given Mr. PETER as
member Of the majority will be taken
from him. Perhaps the sugar trust will
take care of the rest OF PETERS family II
they are taken of the Senate pay roll
The trust may have need for an ''indepen-
dent" senator next winter or during the
tifty-fourth congress,
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10
IRISH POTATOES.
Best Three Varieties for Growing i,
Southern Georgia.

best 1hree varieties Tor Growing in
Southern Georgia.
The question is frequently asked the
agricultural editor, (which is the best va
riety of Irish potato for the South Geor-
gia and Florida grower2" twill be
granted that it is question not easily or
satisfactorily answered. There are many
hundred named sorts which, in fact are
10 be relegated to a much less number of
true varieties than there are names. You
can bring together scores of potatoes
bearing different names that are not dis
tlngulshable one from the other even by a
pretty lair expert. IL is quite true that
Ihere are several scores of varieties that
snow 50 marked difference as to be rec
oRhlled by only casual glance, but we
uouot very much if there are many eX-
perts who coaldlocate 100 distinct varie-
ties governed by color, shape and general
characteristics. There are over loo
named sorts listed in the seedsrnen's cat
alogues ana every year dozeus of new
names are added 10 the lists
Inns increase of names ought TO be put
do IT,
There are not more than half dozen
varieties OF potatoes grown in any one
sectlon, as a general rule the great bulk
OF the crop being composed Of only one or
u u4diy Years mere III
Georgia there were hardly any varieties
grown beyond the Early Rose and the
Soourlch, two potatoes that may prove to
nave compeers, but not likely 10 have any
ssuperlors These two varieties where
vhe STOCK has been kept up by cultivators
VINO nave taken pains 10 maint4iu high
6sauulhg, are about as good kinds as can
be had today.
MhlIe the ordinary amateur gardener is
ssatlsled usually to plant Just any kind
.nav comes TO hand, when the planting
sne comes round in the spring this is not
t tne way with the gardener who grows po-
IavOes largely aud for the money that he
nay get out of them While planting his
nam crop with the variety that has the
SesI reputation in his particular locality
he proceeds at the same time TO test at
Loast SIX or more other kinds that are of
tooa repute so that be will adopt finally
Wy one or two kinds best adapted to his
SUI SCl, anu that pays him the best profits.
SeL.aln varieties are better adapted 10
SCREAM soils aud no potato grower can
Fess assured That he is using the kind
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10
How to Tell Hog Choler a.

Symptoms of hog cholera are described
by the Iowa State Board of Health as
follows: The presence Of the disease is
indicated by cold shivering, lasting from
a few seconds TO several hours; frequent
sneeHng, followed by loss Of appetite;
rough appearance of the hair, dropping Of
the ears, stupidness, attempts to vomit I;
tendency 10 root the bedding, TO lie down
In dark and quiet places, dullness Of the
eyes, often dim sometimes swelling Of
the head, eruption of the ears and other
parts of the body; dizziness, laborious
breathing, vitiated appetite for dung,
dirty and salty substances; accu-
mutation Of mucous in inner cor
ner Of the eye, discharge from the
nose; fetid, offensive odor OF the discharge
from the bowels. offensive exhalations:
diarrheal discharges are Semi-huid, Of
grayish green color, and often mixed
with blood. In many cases the skin on
the belly between the hind legs, behind
ears and even on the nose has numerous
red spots, which. toward the fatal termi-
nation, turn purple. As the disease pro-
crosses the animal becomes sluggish, the
head droops, with the nose rear the
ground, but usually will be found lying
down with the nose hid IN the bedding.
II there has been cOstiyeness about
Two days before death there
will be offensive fetid discharge, the
voice becomes faint and hoarse. the ami
NAL is stupid, emaciatioh increases rep
idly, the skin becomes dry, hard ana very
unciean there is a cold, clammy sweat
and death soon follows with commissions
or gradually by exhaustion. without
struggle. In chronic cases Or those OF
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10

best for his purpose until he has made
a practical test of a number of such as
have been generally planted for several
years.
In naming Just dozen of the most pop
ular varieties at this time we would be
glad to call forth an expression of opinion
from those who have practical knowl-
edge of the question what varieties they
have found most profit in growing in the
past two or three years. Do we name il
amongst the followingl Can you name a
better than is in this list, If you can do
so. Early Rose, Early Ohio. Hebron,
Burbank's Seeding, Early Maine. Queen,
Pearl of Savoy, st. Patrick, White Ele-
plant, Triumph, Mammoth Pearl, Late
Puritan
The southern grower, once he has
found variety that suits his soil, and is
of good shape and productive and good
keeper, should observe the necessary care
10 maintain all its good qualities, even if
he should not procure some marked i'm
proyement in it.
To do this it becomes necessary in
southern potato-growing TO persistently
practice the planting of two crops, plant
ing the second crop with seed raised from
the first crop, which natures in mid
summer This second crop grown by
those who have learned the art of grow
ing it., is the most remunerative of the
two crops, but it requires nicer manage
ment than almost any other.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10
MACHINERY. CASTINGS. ETC.

with their forage corn and field peas. But
there are dozens of others that when we
come to name and classify almost confuse
and make it difficult to decide which shall
be chosen
And yet there should be little difficulty
in reaching decision il one understands
the matter as it should be understood. No
one should attempt to establish improved
pastures or meadows with just one or two,
or even three plants. In the case Of
either, it is best to use from six to dozen
different plants. Combining the grasses
and clover in such way as TO keep up
series of alterations. One plant or sew
eral growing while others are in meas
ure dormant, deferring their best growth
to another season. No two plants, proba-
bly, are just alike in their needs or de-
mands upon the soil. One plant will
suffer from two much rain or too much
dry weather, when another would be just
suited. One is attacked by insects where
another escapes. One yields TO rust or
mildew under certain conditions of
weather, where another is not affected
at all.
In the older countries of Europe, where
time has had its opportunity to prove
most things relating to agriculture, far
mers never think of establishing meadow
or pasture with only two or three plants,
but use from six to twenty different kinds
and such pastures and meadows actually
rent for more yearly than our best lands
are worth; in many cases more than $50
per acre.
Are not many of our readers contem-
plating doing something in this direction2
Now is the time TO begin the work. Near
our cities and large towns good pasture
is an Investment that pays more than
most of our cultivated crops Think
a ho11t i'll
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1894-09-10

How WOulQ UdMDOO canes 40 IOr a WIND
break, or would castor oil plants do when
grown from the seed2 JB.
HypoluXo, lila.
The bamboos are of very rapid growth
and we have no doubt under proper man
agement the plant would make very ex-
cellent wind-break. The castor oil plant
would not do at all. If you succeeded in
making the bomboo grow it would be
source of income that would pay you well
tor your trouble.
The following remarks from the West
Coast Planter of Florida may give you
some information in regard to the BAN
boo:
The bamboos-the gigantics- doing
fuely here this season. Mrs. S. B. SAT-
ford has on her place the largest cluster
in town, some of the spikes towering up
to hight of so to go feet. Many new
shoots are coming up, which will grow
still higher Mrs Meres has cluster in
her yard which is sending up large shoots;
Mr. L. +. Salord also has some; and Mrs
Gertrude Riedinger has any amount
of the smaller variety. In the public
park the eyes of the gigantics that were
planted last spring on DR.. SaflOrd's birth
day, are putting out new growth and
promise to become very attractive fea-
tIre of the park few years hence. In
the little sink hole between the Disston
and Fleming cottages is another group of
the gigantics which right now are send
ing skyward some very large new shoots
The editor has also on his home place
clump of gigantics, but of a different
variety from the others around town, but
which is not behind, however, in rapid
growth. BY actual measurement the new
spikes grow foot each day. The eyes
were purchased from Reasoner Bros. of
the Royal Palm Nurseries, at Oneco, Fla
two or three years ago. The leaves are
finer than those of other specimens,
and, in our estimation, make a
prettier group. We have also on
our lot the smaller varieties, among
which is variegated type. 1t be-
comes richly variegated in the spring
when the new growth starts, but turns to
a dark, solid green as the rainy season ad-
vances. There is nothing prettier for a
yard than a group of bamboos, and if a
person has an acre of low moist land on
which nothing is growing, a good thing to
plant on it would be the gigantic variety
of this order. After they become once
established they need no attention, aud
will multiply very rapidly. In about six
or seven years they will attain hight of
sixty feet or more. A firm in New
Orleans, which manufactures furniture,
oilers to buy all the bamboo the people of
Florida will raise.