davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
THE N. C. AGRICULTURAL
EXPERIMENT STATION At RALEIGH.
Matters of Interest and Value to Farmers.
Specially Prepared for This Pcper.
THE EXPERIMENT STATION.

This institution was organized by
Legislative enactment in 1877, and has
for sixteen years been lnboring for the
best interests of the agriculture OF
North Carolina.
The station has issued during these
years a million and more copies OF bull
%letins, all bearing upon Improvement
Of the States agriculture. By dissent
mating TIL. information, and through
the Fertilizer Control, the station has
saved miIlionslof dollars to the farmers
Of North Carolina.
The fund for the support of the sta
ton IS derived from the general gov
eminent, and No appropriation Is re-
cclycl Iy it from the State. The station
desires and needs the active co-opera-
ton OF. all people Of the State, for with
out this co operation it can do but lit
tie effectual and permanent work.
Letters Of inquiry from any. person
upon any agricultural subject will be
encouraged. Replies to same will be
station staff most competent TO do SO,
III whose special Held the questloh lleo'
All questions must invariably be adj
dressed to The n. G. Agricultural Ex-
pertinent Station, Raleigh, n. c.
Questions and replies OF general inter
est will lie also printed in these col
umns for the benefit Of all readers.
The bulletins of the Experiment Sta
ton are supplied TO those resident:
u the State who requestthem and who
really de-ire to read them. The regu-
lar bulletins contain such subjects o.
Immediate interest and value, and are
written in plain language for popular
reading. Technical bulletins are ISSUED
also, and contain result Of scientific ant
technical Investigations. Application
should be made to DR.. 81. b. Battle,
Director, Raleigh, n. c.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
American Diamead Cutters.

Diamond cutti ~ ~ been carried
on successfully il the United States
since 1873. In 1899, according to the
census Of 1899. there were sixteen
firms engaged n cutting diamonds,
and in Massachusetts there were three
more. Cutting has also been carried
on in Pennsylvania and Illinois, but
was discontinued after q time. In
New York City, according to tho CEN
ployed In diamond cutting, who re-
ceIye wages that amount annually to
S133, lSo.-New York Sun.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
Poisoning by the l'illrpus.

The Australian cor-espol lent . tls
Lancet writes: The p~latvpus HIS
always neeu most interesting animal,
occupying. as 1t does. -an uterne hat
position between reptiles, DIR Is All
mammals. on the hInl lin, o. Ia.
mae Is a hollow curved so,r comma
aicat.u9 with a 1lG1 IL KS ~ IN
nuca :n@ - u. way rs t.r ubSo3 :aa-
.. asnaAe : connected wl.u n n,o4so4
producing sa.lvarv S1aai- Y: the .asc
meeting O: the Victorian branch ..
tie British Medical Association D.
Lalor mae q preliminary communion
ton suggestive .. the tact that tn,
gland o. sae platvpns also secretes
poison. lie narrated the case OF =
man vac was wounded IL the hand by
thlsspa- o.the platvpnsa and lei. stang.
Celluilcus OF the an followed, .ai
acute oloon POI o. AZ. The sub.ec:
Is % be further Investigated, bu., o.
course, i = .llse possible tia. the
symptoms can De accounted :or Dv taa
incubation OF 4 single wound with the
ordinary mlcro-organisns 0. sept.
csenla."
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
Beware of Ointments for Catarrh THAI
Contain Mercury.

rs mercury wi l surely destroy tho sons, OF
smell and completely defangct tho whole system
when entering / through the mucous surfaces.
Such articles should pever b. used except on
prescriptions from reputable physicians. as the
damage they viii do is ten fold othe good you
can possib Y derive from them. Halls Catarrh
cure ma1ufact ured by f. j. Cheney & CO..
Toledo. o.. contains no mercury. and il. taken
internally, acting directly upon the blood an
mucous surfaces o. the system. n>Auyinc
Halls Fatsrrh Cure be sure In get the genuine.
II is taken interna.I J, aud IS made in Toledo.
Otio. by FL. Cheney IN. T. timonials tree.
HN Sod by Druggists, price 73c. per bottle.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
Wild Homer.

1t IS reported that while worknen
were digging o well on a farm near
Bandora. Texas. they unearthed q pet
riied tree al a depth OF forsy-six feet
The tree was hollow and the cavity
was filled with honey. The comb vas
il a perfect state OF preservation. aai
the calls were filed with honey that
tasted sweet, fresh and pure.-Ne=
York World.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
No Use to Cry.

No use TO fret and worry and ltcl.
and scratch. That won't cure you.
Tetterine will. Any sort Of skin dis
case, letter, Eczema, alt -Rheum,
Ringworm or mere abrasion of the
skin. Costs 80 cents n box, Mt drug
stores, post paid by J. I. Shuptrine.
savannah, Ga.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

Why not build a silo. It will pay
If you have as many as s or 10 head Of
stock. The orr crop is the best to
make ensilase Of, and in this way there
is no waste. Bulletin so of the n. G.
Ayr. Experiment Station describes the
construction OF a silo with bill of ma
t~ec:nls. Send for it.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

I"n must make a separate applica-
tion FOR the bulletins OF the n. C. Ex-
pertinent Station at Raleigh. Write on
be spIinklei twice daily with water, to
each quart of which add four fluid
ounces of commercial sulrhuric acid.
Where only a few fowls are affected
a Int Of %camphor about the size OF a
gram Of wheat may I've forced down the
throat of each and Will 10y lis odor kill
the worms One drop Of ~turpentine
dropped into the throat has gwen good
results. Powdered asatrt,da, 10 grains
Per head, may he fei in mash of corr
meal Chopped garlic or strong smell
ing onions Will Also he found beneficial.
Iurpentine rubbed on the outside Of
the throat Will sometimes cause the
worms TO let 50 their hold. The use OF
a small feather or hair loop. dipped in
tnrpentine and thrust down the wind
pipe Of the sex FOWL Is often effective.
generously. including chopped onions
or garlic occasionally. Wash on. the
water trough or pan daily with boiling
water II gapes Is present, among the
fowls, separate the sick ones. add to
each quart Of drinking water four tin;d
ounces of a solution Of s~alicvlic acid,
made by dlssnlylng l6 grains os the
dry acid IN four fuli ounces Of clear,
boiled rain water. The pen in which
the sick fowls are KEEP, should be as
dry as possible, and the ground should
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

O posta1card. A list of names sent By
one person cannot he entered on the
mailing lists Of the Station. The theory
is that If a man really wants the publ
cations be will gladly spend one cent
for the information contained in them.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

OF 473, 206 persons Of school age in
Mississippi only 244 are Of foreign
birth.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

A farmer in Warren county, \. G..
savs of the bulletins of the \. c. Aeri-
cultural Experiment Station, Il ap-
preciate the good work you r doing,
and wish to profit by it."
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
NEW HAMPSHIRE has 600 coIored popula.

Karl's Clover Root. the great blood purifier.
gives freslnesS and cloarness TO the complex.
Ion and cures constipation. = ct... - IT'S. 81
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

BosroN will have an elevated railroad.
The citizens voted in favor OF the Msigs sys-
TEN.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

Walter Baker & Co. OF Dorches,er . Mass.
the largest manufacturer Of pure. high grade.
non cicmict ~ treated Cocoa. an Chocolates
on this continent. have st carr cd Oft the
highest huno-s at the Nidwinter Fair in San
francisco. The printed rules governing he
Judges al tn" Fair, ST ,t es that zone hundred
points EMIT 80 the exhibit 10 "a spec al award,
or plp'om, ~ Honor, The scale. however. is
placed - high, they say that il Will lie attain
W ohlS IN most exceptional cases" Al ~
odNff BaATr 4 Cos g'EEi> received unf hundred
lFln'S. 'nft.tng them 10 the special ururd stated
n tho rutcs.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

STATISTICS OF the recent strike show thar
the railroads lost 1856, al2 in cars burned by
the rioters.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

\ Catawha county farmer writes to
the \. {. Experiment Station at Raj
eigh lam glad to receive all the Bull
letlns as have always found them OF
value and interest"
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
TIL True Laxative Principle

TIL True Laxative Principle
OF the plants used in manufacturing the pleas.
ant remedy. Syrup Of Figs. has a permanently
beneficial effect on the human system, while
the cheap vegetable extracts and mineral solu-
tons, usually sold as medicines. are rerna-
nen'!y Injurious Being well informed. you
Will use the true remedy only Manufactured
oy the California Fig syrup Co.
TEERE promises TO BE- a lively war between
the bullet-proo: coat stars this season.
EAIir'"d With s"r~ eyes u~~ Dr. Isaac Thorp
son EJr ~sfer- DrI@gt..A sol at 70 Ger sx.tIe
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
FACTS FOR

A bulletin was written to be read by
farmers. The subject was n which
ell farmers wish to learn more about,
aud was chosen for that purpose. 1t
was written from the farmers stand
Joint and will be supplied free to all
farmers who write for it. II you do
not want it, don't send for it.
The bulletin is No. 70, Of "a pages,
issued by the n. C. Agricultural Ex-
pertinent Station at Raleigh. Every
man who farms should become &C.
quninted with the structure of plants
and the forces exerted by them in
growing; how they take up food from
the soil and air, and how they store it
away, andsthe best plans for their cul-
tivation and care; how stable
nay be preserved and utilized; how
lime acts upon the soil, and what soils
are most benefited by its application.
All these are treatedina plain, practical
way in this bulletin. Green, manuring
is also fully described, as we'll as the
valne of ~recuperative crops and the
proper rotation of crops. Some may
say that a discussion of these matters
is not truly experimentalin their char
acter, and does not belong in the bulle.
tins Of ar experiment station. 1t is
pretty we'll settled, however, from the
favor with which the farmers have re-
ceived this bulletin, that they appreci-
ate its pages.
GApEs OF FOWLS.
''Gapes' is a disease we'll known to
most gfowers ofpoultry, and often des-
troys whole broods Of young chicks.
The disease is caused by q very slender,
thread like, reddish nematoid worm,
scientifically known as syngamus ira
chealls. This worm is characterized by
the permanent union Of the paired
sexes, and cannot be parted without
rupturing the bodies. The female
greatly exceeds the male in size.
The matured worms are found only
in the wind-pipe of fowls to which they
cling leech-like on the walls, sucking
the blood Of the parts The female Of
each pair produces ? 1000 to 5000 eggs
which remain within her body until
she dies.
The best remedy is prevention. Keep
the fowls on dry permeable soil. Feed
The worms mnv either he withdrawn
or else cenghed out by the chick
Gerald Mccarthy. Entomnlogist NC.
Experiment Station.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

Hi 1877 composite portrait. were
first taken by Francis Dalton.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15

SUMNER root gardens are becoming popo-
lar In the large cities.
Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1894-09-15
He who would steal q pin
Would steal a bigger thing

I hope isn't always true, dearies, but
there IS n danger Of being TOO careful
il looking after the small. sins. Re-
member, It's the little foxes tina, spoil
the vines."-You.h's Companion
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-07-08

and her husband MaaZ Mckenzie, were
! convicted of grand larceny. The hus-
band was sentenced to one years i'm
prisonment but the court discr;minat-
ed in the woman's favor, as ali gallant
courts do.
LIFE OF A CONVICT.
! The life of convict after he enters
this penal institution is full of pathetic
! interest. No matter what his crime, no
matter what his character deadly
cancer on the body polite though he
may be, when the great iron doors
swing behind him he is an object of
pity.
He enters the warden's office, it may
be, with an air of bravado, but ii is
more probable with trembling limbs
and an ashen face, and is ushered with
out much ceremony into the presence
of the barber, who soon diVests him of
any semblance to a beard. If his Of
Tense is one that entities him to be
called a dangerous criminal he is
stripped and note taken of any and all
physical peculiarities, even to the num-
Der of moles on his body. Record is
made OF this pen picture and Is kept
among the archives of the institution.
He is then put through the process OF
''mugging,' which the uniniti2ted call
sitting for a picture He is afterwards
shown to his apartment in the hotel,
=
the walls of steel and the hard, narrow
bed, he has no grounds for complaint
that he is not as well served as the
other guests. He probably has some
thought Of this being almost as narrow,
as silent and as cold as the last tene-
ment to which he Will be assigned. He
may wish ii were his fate to occupy
that tenement rather than this, but he
has not much time for reflection, for he
is hurried into the striped garments, if
he has not already donned them, that
will constitute his uniform. He is OPP
pressed by his narrow quarters and by
the crushing sense of all this imprison
ment means. Most probably he leaves
his cell at once to wander out into the
yard, where his fellow-prisoners are
playing ball or walking about and CIV
ing partial interest to the game. There
is sense of relief from that terrible
oppression in coming in touch with hui
mainly, no matter of what order, and
there is a momentary satisfaction in re-
ceiving the rough jibes that serve as
greetings from the criminals who gather
about him. When the bell sounds and
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-07-08
INTERIOR, OLD PENrrENTIARy

the prisoners return to their cells he
goes reluctantly, and glakes one of a
gang of twenty that go to the dining
room, using
THE LOCK-STEP
that is new and hateful to him. The
food served at his first meal in the
penitentiary, though abundant and
well cooked, is not palatable to him.
Perhaps he has never eaten from tin
dishes before. He may have memories
of pleasanter faces than the hard des-
perate ones that surround him. At any
rate he feels sickening sense of help
lessness, and he sleeps but little that
night. Does remorse cause his wake
full hours? His custodians would pre-
judge him from their knowledge of
others of his class, and say that in this
as in all previous cases, the punish
ment which has oyertaken him is all
he regrets.
They say that the hardening, toughen-
ing process which had made his crime
possible had made remorse impossible
However that may be he soon falls
into the routine of the life of a convict
He breakfasts at seven, dimes at twelve
and sups at half past five. The inter-
Vening hours are spent in the yard or
in his cell. He may secure such books
as he chooses from the library and he
may write to his friends and receive
letters from them, the correspondence
being under the strict surveillance of
the warden. If he grows FESTIVE under
restraint he shows this frame of mind
by wandering away from his COM
panions. If the guards see a ran
avoiding companionship and strolling
moodily about alone, he at once be-
comes an object of suspicion and every
effort is made to nip his attempt to
escape in the bud. There is usually an
outbreak of some sort against authority
as the result of such a mood. This is
usually succeeded by a disposition to
tractability. caused by the discovery
that in cases of good conduct there is
Communication of the term, the same
running two months for the first year, !
three months for the second. four
monlhs for the third, so continuing till
a term of ten years may be committed
to trifie over six years. This system
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-07-08

which, though never large, requires
supervision by a lady. She has pleas
ant apartments in the warden's resi-
dence. Although her duties are not
arduous, her presence is necessary at
all hours, especially in order to receive
the female prisoners as soon as they
are brought to the building. She is a
pleasant, Sunny-faced lady, whose
cheerfulness and kindliness serve her in
good stead in her present position.
THE PRISON CEMETERY.
From the walls can be seen the pris-
on cemetery, g. dreary spot The graves
are marked by boards wherein is the
name of the dead. Here lie the out
casts of society. Few of the convicts
are in communication with their fam
lies, and if one of these goes the way
of all mortals and his survivors are
notified of the fact, there is likely to
be no answer, or if there is, it gives
instruction THAT his body ''lie in the
bed he has made for it,
ASSOCIATION OF PRISONERS.
word of criticism, of this and manv
other penitentiaries. The more or less
enforced association of the prisoners is
extremely harmful, especially in the
case of youth who may be COM
paratively innocent being thrown in
daily contact with a vice hardened man.
The influence upon the tyro in crime is
pernicious.
Then, too, labor should be provided
for every convict. Aside from eco
nomic considerations, it is necessary
for the health, mental, moral and physi-
cal, of the inmates.
When the statehood, which is immi-
nent, comes to bless this territory, the
penitentiary which is now owned by the
United States government, will become
the property of the state, or will be
used for the confinement of criminals
guilty of crimes against the govern
ment, as robbing the mails and counter
feiting.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-07-08

Situated southeast of the city a dis
tance of a half hours ride by electric
car line, is the largest ''hotel" in the
territory. 1t has accommodations for
500 guests. The sanitary arrangements
are of the best AID the view of the
surrounding landscape from that point
is superb. II has an advantage no
other hostelry Possesses. 1t is a train
ing school as we'll as a hotel. Opinion
is divided as to whether such a school
gives more instruction regarding the
results OF wrongdoing, and more train
ing in the difficult art of repentance
than in habits of Incidence and deeper
knowledge of vice in all its forms. I
was about to call it a university Of
crime. 1t might be nearer the truth to
call it a hospital where criminal cases
are treated, cases that oftimes battle
the utmost skill. a few of the patients
go forth with renewed strength, cour-
kge and higher purpose, and their
after lives seem wholesome, utterly de-
void Of the faint they had once known
Some end their days within it's walls
but by far the greater number leave as
they entered, save, perhaps, with more
caution acquired through their expe-
Tience of the power Of the strong hand
of the law
Whatever doubts there may be as to
the benefits To the prisoner Of a period
of detention in a penitentiary, certain it
Is that that detention is a boon to the
public, likewise that much depends
upon The mana cement of such an inSti-
ton, as far as the salutary effects Of
the detention are concerned.
THE UTAH PENITENTIARY
is located on a government reservation
of $50 acres, three miles from Salt Lake
city. Thick walls Of red sand stone
surround the penitenfiary buildings
and grounds proper. and with the war
den's residence, a three-stoly structure
OF the same material, guarding the
west entrance and the towers at each
corner Of the wall. give it much the
appearance Of a military fort At a
guard house near the west wall. the
visitor presents d pass from the United
States narshal and is ushered into the
warden5 office, a. room as cheerful as
most downtown offices, and with occu-
pants no more formidable Felix
Stark, the warden. is a young man of
Tesolute viii, and the firmness of pur-
pose and quiet persistency that are his
characteristics are Invaluable aids in
securing the admirable discipline he
has introduced. The other occupant Of
the Office is W. T. O'Bren. the book
keeper, who position is no siuecure.
IN company with the warden or a
guard delegated TO that duty, the Wis
itor looks over the warden's menage,
which is as well appointed as are most
homes. He then passes out and makes
the circuit of the walls, nineteen feet
in height, that guard the enclosure,
and looks about him curiousiy as he
stops a moment in the little tower
rooms occupied by the guards when the
weather is inclement or when they
take a moments rest-and smoke
from their twelve hours of sentinel
duty.
Suppose" said an inquisitive woman
to one Of the guards, suppose I We're
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1894-07-08
EXTERIOR, NEW PENITENTIARY
relieved.
TILE CRIMES


OF the prisoners ten were convicted
of forgery, three of arson, six of coun-
terfeiting, sixteen of robbery, twenty
four for murder in various degrees,
thirty-three for adultery and kindred
crimes, forty-one for grand larceny and
fifty-siX for burglary and housebreak-
ing.
OF the number three are women,
Mrs. Alice Tremaine, and Emma Thom-
as (white), and Alice Kenzie (colored),
all awaiting trial for adultery or for
nication.
SOME INTERESTING CASES.
There are six life prisoners. OF
these Tom Williams is the oldest, his
term commencing May s, 49, Twelve
years ago he was shift boss at one of
the Tintic mines and in the discharge
of his duties he found it necessary to
discharge one of the men. The man
showed i'll feeling toward Williams
from that time and there were some
fierce quarrels between them. The re-
suit was the crime which cost Will
liams his liberty. He claimed it was
committed in self defense, and the
prosecution introduced evidence tend
ing to show that his victim was on his
knees begging for mercy when the IA
tai shot was fired. He has proven a
most exemplary prisoner, not having
violated the llghteSt rule OF the 1nStltu-
ton for eleven years.
August Nelson was sentenced to life
imprisonment for robbing and murder
ing a peddler in 1892. Parlan McFar-
lane was convicted of the murder of
two men with whom he had quarrelled
over a game of billiards and has served
four years of his long sentence.
Alma Murdoch, a half breed
Indian, killed a white man dur
ing quarrel about a white
woman of whom they were both