davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
Increase of Butter Substitutes.

There is no doubt that the consump-
ton of butterine or oleomargarine is
increasing, particularly in the cities in
winter, when prices are high. A very
little investigation has afforded us in
formation that in some cities there are
tenement or neighborhoo clubs that
buy the ten-pound original packages,
and divide the contents among the
members, some of them supposing the
article is creamery product obtained
several cents below the market price by
some favoritism. Whether when well
made it. really compares with any fair
creamery product, or the innocent con-
sumner has merely a vicious taste, is
not material here. The National Dali
rymdn says that, while some manufac-
turers and retailers honestly sell it for
what it is, a great many dishonest re-
tailers sell it from the ub as butter
and that the restaurants and boarding
houses where butter is served are the
exceptions rather than the rule. 1t is
insisted further that this is not confined
to the cheaper classes of these, but but
terine has been found served in the
best hotels and restaurants. The
Dairyndn appeals to the daily press of
the land for aid in the matter of ma
tional egis alton to prevent the fraudu-
lent sale of butterne and filled cheese.
Il would have the matter treated from
the consumers standpoint alone. -
Irou Times.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
About Storing Ice.

The simplest kind of structure will
keep ice. A cheap board building with
cracks patterned win answer the pur-
pose. For permanent house it is well
to build brick or stone foundation
and to bed the sils in mortar The
walls should be double and can be
made so by using , by 8 lumber for
studdiug Line both sides with paper
and board up tight, but do not fill in.
Let the roof project on all sides or build
under the shade of tree or on the
north side of larger structure Always
leave plenty of ventilation at the gable
ends Have a drain at the bottom ex-
tending out considerable distance.
Cover the mouth of this drain in the
house with a wire screen and then cover
the whole bottom with layer of saw
dust a foot thick
The keeping of ice depends quite as
much on the packing as on the house in
which it is stored Sawdust or dry tan
bark furnishes the best packing material.
The noXt best is chaff or cut straw and
after these uncut straw.
In IA structure such as we have de-
scribCd ten inches of sawdust ON the
sides is sufficient or ~ or Is inches Of
cut straw. Do not put a thick layer Of
sawdust Oh top of the ice---six or eight
inches is enough.
Fill the house in freezing weather
only for the best results Have the
cakes as nearly uniform in size as posi-
BILE and pack closely, filling cracks with
pounded ice to make the mass as solid
as possible. The advice is often given
to pour water on after filling, but The
Farm Journal says this is unwise advice,
so don't do it. Forty cubic feet of ice
will make about a ton. The size of the
house wanted can be figured on this
hacic
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
Save the Feed.

Reading in an exchange that the Of
ferings of hay were so small in the 10.
cal market that there was a call for
roughage of various kinds to take its
place, the farmers were drawing in
nice cornstalks and the city people
were finding that it was about equal to
hay for even their horses, that the de-
mand was beginning to be quite lively,
and that it would be nothing strange in
the future if corn fodder had the call
on hay. This is to illustrate the point
that fodder has never been appreciated
as it should have been in the past, and
that in the future the farmers will care
for and save fodder as well and eco
nomically as they now do their hay.
The present winter will be great edu-
Gator in this matter, and if the fodder
is as judiciously fed as hay has been,
there will not be the sending away for
baled hay as there usually is when feed
is scarce. In this connection the ex-
periments of the western and the east
ern stations as well should not be for
gotten, and certain economies that
these eXperimenters found out about
should not be lightly regarded. The
chief one was that it did not pay, or
anything like it, to husk corn, and after
having it ground into meal, feed it back
to the COWS with the stalks. The stalks,
ears and all, run through cutter and
fed to the cows, was the closest ap.
proach to silage of any form that could
be fed. Not only was all the labor and
expense thrown away as we'll as time
in husking and grinding, but the vast
age and less perfect digestion required
fully an eighth more feed in shape of
stalks and meal than it did of whole cut
stalks and corn. Feeding stalks with
out cutting is matter where feeding
several times day and in small guam
titles at time proved great economy,
as the fodder was eaten more COM
pletely and little wasted. Where the
stalks were fed in the lot, and the cat
tie allowed to be choosers of what parts
they would consume, the loss reached
quite one-third of the original feeding
value of the fodder, and in the barn,
fed in the managers, the reflections of
well-cured stalks were not much more
than five per cent. In the cutting of
food there is of course better proper
tioning of grain and fodder, and less
mussing the fodder before the stalk
eating commences, but otherwise from
this. an economical plan, so far as labor
is concerned, is to feed the stalks
whole and cut the butts and reflections,
about fifteen per cent of the whole,
dampen them, sprinkle on some shorts,
and as soon as they begin to warm up,
feed them out, and they will be eagerly
consumed by the stock, and then
change back until another batch is
ready to feed. Tais is for cows prac-
tically change of rations, and they
60 back to stalks all right. A serious
shortage of feed often proves valu-
able teacher along economical lines,
and it is yet to be hoped that there will
be many valuable points brought out
the present winter, and none more
needed than the value of warm stable,
w Il lighted, good air and kept clean,
and the cow found in it-should the
sheriff come by day or night.-Practi-
cal Farmer.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
Bee Diseases.

A new bee disease has made its an.
pearance in California and some of the
other states. The brood dies in the cells
III all stages of growth. The black or
discolored larvae of all sizes and the
dead pupR are found scattered, often
thiclkly, throughout the maturing brood.
Professor A. j. Cook, at a California
farmers institute, told that his obser-
vations and experiments led him to
conclude that scant stores, too meager
nourishment and consequently imperfect
nutrition caused the mortality. The OBJ
vious suggestions are more care and at
tention, more honey left in the hives at
tho close of the season. and careful at
tention and if necessary feeding in years
of honey doarth.
Bee paralysis, also called nameless
disease, is attracting attention. In this
disease the image, or immature bees,
are the ones that die The dead or en-
feebled bees are carried by other bees
outside, and thus the ground in front
of the hives has constantly mound of
dead bees. Usually the colony does not
wholly succumb, but it is so weakened
that it produces little or no honey. Gen
orally the colony RECEIVERS after time,
usually after the bees have replaced the
queen with Il young one
Professor Cook thinks this last dis
ease comes from some constitutional
weakness of the queen which shows
itself i'll debility of her progeny, the
worker bees He has known in several
cases the disease TO soon disappear after
the queen was superseded, and in other
cases, where the bees replaced their
queen with a young healthy one, the
the disease soon vanished.
The best advice which can be given
in case the old bees die off too rapidly
is to see that the bees have abundance of
food, and i'll case that fails to bring re-
lief try requeening of all affected colo
MES.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
Handling Liquid Manure.

The Importance of saving every drop
Of quid manure issgenerally conceded,
ut how to handle it with profit re-
rs question. Farmers who have
G.Iit tanks experience trouble because
tle pumps clog with the thick sediment.
/ NJ. Cottrell, writing to Rural New
Yorker from the celebrated Ellerslie
stock farm, tells that he has had the
best experts III this line looking for a
pump that will prove satisfactory for
more than two years, and they cannot
find one. Large steam pumps will do
the work, but they are too expensive
He writes as follows: We absorb most
of the liquids What is not absorbed
passes through thick bed of shavings,
and then through brass screen before
it runs into the cistern. We pump it
into the sprinkler with common brass
lined pump. We use brass lined pump
because the other kinds soon rust and
then will not work We use a Stude.
baker sprinkler for distributing the
liquid manure, This is the only kind
we could find that would not clog,
do not favor this method Of han
ding manure, and the arrangement
have just spoken Of is the only thing 10
our Ellerslie barn that is not sati.fac
tory, The pipes carrying the lc1id
manure to the cistern are always getting
clogged, and it requires too much labor
to pump the manure ont of the cistern.
The plan / would recommend is this:
| would make the cutters behind the
COWS with very slight grade, not
over one inch in 100 feet ~. | would
then keep the cutters We Tiled with a
good absorbent, shavings, sawdust,
chaff or cut straw. Any of these Will
absorb nearly the whole Of the utlne and
will retain it so that the ammonia does
not escape and faint the air. Our cattle
are kept in the stable most of the time,
and we find it necoas ny to remove this
material from the cutters once II We'E.
For the small amount Of mi that wi !
not be absorbed in the CUTTERS would
continue the cutters to the outs de OF
the barn and have it empty iAto IL shl
low tank. would !. # fill this tank
with absorbents, and rs fast rs they
became saturated haul them to the field.
The gutter leading ON the COWS to
tho outside tank should have hinged
cover 50 that it may easily be cleaned
and washed
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
SLIDING Corn, Ears and All.

1t is common notion among many
that it is waste to cut up the ears
with the stalks when putting them in
the silo. They hold that if the ears are
picked off and dried, the stalks when
put in the 81 o will make as good silage
and 90 as far as if the ears were left on.
They seem to reason upon the absurd
basis that a part is greater than the
whole The Wisconsin experiment
station undertook to solve the problem
of SLIDING corn, ears and all, and found
that there was loss of seven per cent
in dry matter where the ears were
picked off and dried and the stalks
sliced more than where the corn, ears
and all, was sliced. In feeding out the
corn it was found that the cows ate a
little more of the silage containing the
ears and also drank trife more water
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
Exhibiting Dressed Poultry.

The New England Homestead stands
convinced that a poultry show can never
be made complete success without an
exhibition Of dressed fowls. Here is
what it says on the subject: Having
made the subject of practical poultry
raising a study for some years and hay
ing been To many of the New England
shows as well, we feel that, after the
magnificent show of dressed poultry
made at Providence by the Rhode Island
Poultry association, every other poultry
association, when arranging for its an
nual show, should provide for some
thing of an exhibit of dressed fowls.
Poultry are, as rule, kept for profit.
When near market, step inside and
notice the great difference i'll the looks
and appearance of the birds offered for
sale. When your society holds its next
show, endeavor to have all the meat
breeds, crosses aud capons represented,
and as big an eye opener will he pre-
sented to many poultry raiser as he
has experienced in many day, we can
confidently predict.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26

FOUR BIC SUCCESSES Having the
needed merit to more than make good
all the advertising claimed for them,
the following four remedies have reached
phenomenal sale: DR.. Kings New
Discovery, for consumption, coughs and
colds, each bottle ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Bitters, the great remedy for liver,
stomach and kidneys, Bucklen's Arnica
Salve, the best in the world, and DR..
Kings New Life Pills, which are a per-
feet pill. All these remedies are guar
anteed to do just what is claimed for
them, and the dealer whose name is at
tached herewith will be glad to tell you
more of them. Sold at G. Blakely's
drug store.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
Clipped and Condensed.

IF there is overproduction at times,
it must not be overlooked that our
population is also increasing rapidly,
and the demand is consequently grow
ing.
A DAMP roosting place is an abomina-
ton, and yet fowls prefer wet roost
free from lice to dry one covered with
vermin, which sap their blood and
strength.
If you have potatoes, cabbages or
roots of any kind pitted, be sure the
drainage is good, or heap of decayed
vegetables may be all you will find in
the spring.
THE consumption of mutton has
largely increased within the past SIX
years, and it will continue to do So
Here is an excellent field for the farmer
to handle the mutton breeds.
THE farmer never gets out of job !;
there are no strikes. He who has a
family to support is saved great deal
of worry and anxiety, because his in
come, even if small, is sure.
WHILE mulching is often beneficial,
especially to young growing trees and
among the small fruits, it should not be
applied until the ground freezes suffi
GENTLY hard to bear up wagon.
CANDY to feed bees on in winter is
made, says wri er, by gradually stir
ring six pounds of loaf sugar into about
three-quarters of pint of boiling water,
the whole kept boiling and constantly
stirred to prevent burning.
THERE are but few herds that pay
800 per co year, and this is due to
the Improbable cows that are kept with
those that are more productive. Breed
ers of thoroughbred stock aim to secure
enormous yields, and thus make stock
pay.
WHILE it is best to provide good
warm shelter for the hogs during the
winter, in nearly all cases it will be
best to arrange so that they can run
out every day during the winter. Close
confinement is not conducive to good
health, even with hogs.
WHILE less than 100000 acres were
devoted to other cereals in Scotland
last year, 100000 acres were sown to
oats. Scotland is not one of our COM
petitors in the wheat line, but the wheat
crop in India is six per cent greater
than in 1898.
If an animal costs as much to keep
it over winter as the profit amounts to,
the only gain to the f-rmer is in the
manure, but this depends on the labor
bestowed. There is loss in keeping
any animal which takes up the room
that should be occupied by a better
one.
ITALIAN bees are now conceded to
be the best bees for this country. New
varieties come up every season, are
given short-lived boom and drop be-
low the horizon to again appear briefly
in few years. The Italian has been
tried and has not been found wanting.
They are the best.
PROFESSOR Conn says that the butter
aroma which appears in the butter is
the result of the ripening process.
Sweet cream butter does not have this
delicate flavor, and while there is de-
mand in our markets, perhaps grow
ing demand, for sweet cream butter, 1t
never develops the delicate flavor
known as butter aroma.
WITH all kinds of trees the rule
should be TO plant at such distance
apart as will secure the best develop
ment of the natural characteristics of
the kind. A tree or plant of any kind
cramped for room cannot make the
natural growth or development, or pre-
sent the appearance of one that has
plenty of room.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
AGRICULTURAL.
The Old and the New.

The Old Year laid upon the portals of the past
A trembling hand,
And said, oh, let me die and be at rest
within thy misty landi"
Then all the years that lived and died before
Reached forth, and drew the wanderer safe within
the door
The New Year laid upon the portals of to-day
A firm young hand,
And said, Oh, let me come and live and work
within thy shining land "
Then all the years that are to be piled,
" This is your world and drew the youth inside.
LippiHcotfs Magazine
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26

How Near His Personal Memoirs
Came to be Lost.

A valuable History Written by n Dying
Man. Proper Nourishment Enabled
the Author to Live Until the Compile
ton of His Book.
The fortitude shown by General Grant
in writing the second volume of his per-
sonal memoirs while he was literally on
his deathbed, excels even the remarkable
courage exhibited by this famous soldier
in his many achievements on the field of
battle
Col. Fred Grant, speaking of his fathers
last illness, says:-
"During the last four months Of his
sickness, the principal food of my father,
Gen. Grant, was Bovinine and milk; and
it was the use of this incompatible food
alone that enabled him to finish the second
volume of his personal memoirs"
DIR. T. II. Douglas, Gen. Grants physi-
clan and friend, cordially Endorsed the
above statement.
What Bovinne did for Gen. Grant it
has done, and is now doing for thousands
every day. 1t is the most wonderful con-
centraton into a small bulk of all the
life-giving, muscle, flesh, and blood-mak-
ing elements of lean, raw meat ever pro-
duced.
1t is in no way a medicine, simply a
food invigorant, that by its strengthening
qualities gives the WORKOUT or dis0rdered
vital centres of the body an impetus that
again starts them performing their natu-
raj functions.
1t is Endorsed by eminent physicians
everywhere, and blessed by thousands
whose lives it has actually saved
To neglect to use this wonderful food
in all cases of debility, wasting diseases,
overwork, stomach and nerve diseases, or
for weak infants, chronic invalids, loss of
vitality in old age, is to throw away one
of the greatest chances of saving life.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
HOw's This ?

We offer one hundred dollars reward
for any case of catarrh that can not be
cured by taking HALLS Catarrh Cure.
F. j. CHENEY & CO.,
Proprietors, Toledo, Ohio.
We, the undersigned, have known F.
j. Cheney for the last fifteen years, and
believe him perfectly honorable in all
business transactions and financially
able to carry out any obligations made
by the firm.
WEST & TRUAx, Wholesale Druggists,
Toledo, Ohio.
WALDING, KINNAN & MARVIN, Whole
sale Druggists, Toledo, Ohio.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken inter-
nally, acting directly upon the blood
and mucous surfaces of the system.
Price seventy-five cents per bottle.
Sold by all druggists. Testimonials
free.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26

CHILDREN Cry for Pitchers Castoria
CHILDREN Cry for Pitchers Castoria.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
CREDIT.

The foregoing account of George ". Reed treas
urer of Washington county, examined and approx ed
and balance found du' treasurer Of S3G|O5.
MELVILLE +. SM LIE. .iuditOr.
Montpelier December !, 1894.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26
Financial Statement
Wa Shington County.
DEBIT,

WASHINGTON COUNTY IN ACCOUNT WITH GEORGE
W REED, TREASURER.
DEBIT,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1894-12-26

We have examined the foregoing settlement of the
treasurer's account and approve the same. We find
an outstanding Indebtedness of the county amount
ing TO Sis2.77, for which orders have been drawn,
but not presented to the treasurer for payment,
together with the balance due the treasurer making
an Indebtedness of $685..
CHARLES JONES' J43ges Of
ORMAN l.. HONT I WdshU gtOH county,
Montpelier, December |. 1884.
The Portland daily press., 1894-03-22
PERSONAL.

Mayor Baxter went to Boston yester-
day. Chairman Randall is now acting
mayor.
At Chicago on the 18th inst. Mr.. Robert
Rexdale, formerly of Portland. was,
elected State Deputy Grand Master of the
A.O.U.W. for Illinois, at salary of $500
a year and expenses. He will have entire
supervision of the lecture and field work
among lodges of the Ancient Order of
United Workmen in Illinois for the year
next ensuing.
1t was Jas. N Read, ..Woodfords, who
presented the picture of Jonathan Dow
to Neal Dow, not John M. Read
MIR. C. NJ. Bailey of Winthrop, dined at
the West End yesterday.
Edward Harding, ESQ.,, of Gorham.
was in the city yesterday.
- IF. Belcher of Pennington, was at
the Preble yesterday.
J.A. Ransom and wife, I. W. Shaw and
TIL. Lunt, all of Buckfeld, were at the
Preble yesterday.
The Portland daily press., 1894-03-22
Arrival of the St. John.

The American ship st. John, 1919 tons,
Captain Fales, built at Bath, arrived at
this port yesterday morning, from Kole,
Japan. She left Japan October 2Sth,
1898, and was, therefore. LA days on the
passage. coming via the China sea and
Straits of Sunda. She had fair winds ex-
cept during four days. She brought
4,461 bales of rags to S. D. Warren & Co.
of Cumberland Mills. The balance of
the cargo, 500 tons of manganese, Japan
ese mating and curios, goes to New York
after the Portland cargo is discharged.
The most of the crew are Japanese.
There are several monkeys in the ship
and queer looking cat with head like
a weasel that is s'holy terror"
The Portland daily press., 1894-03-22
Maina historical society.

At the meeting of the Maine Histori-
cal Society, to be held at Baxter Hall
this afternoon, Hon. George F. Talbot
will read a memoir of the Hon. Lot M.
Morrill,.
Moses A. Stafford, ESQ.,, of Kittery, will
present another installment of sketches
of Kittery homesteads, and Hon. Geo. F.
Emery will offer some resolutions on the
late DR.. William B. Lapham, and pro-
pound question of photography con-
corning well known Kittery name;
Ladies and gentlemen are cordially IN
vited to attend. TIE session will be called
to order at 2.30 p. m.
The Portland daily press., 1894-03-22
Maine would Gain Two Delegates.

Hon.J.H. Manley has issued circular
stating that at meeting of the Republic
can National committee, held in Wash
ineton on June 9th, 1892, Hon. N. b.
Scott. the member of the national COM
mittee from West Virginia, offered the
following resolution:
Resolved, That the call for the next
National Repu blican convention be upon
the following basis: Two delegates from
each state as delegates at large; one
delegate from each Congressional dis
trict in the United States, and an addl-
tional delegate for each 1000 Repu bllcan
votes cast in any Congressional district
at the Presidential election of 1892, and
a delegate for the fraction of 1000 votes
greater than one-half, and two delegates
from each territory and the District OF
Columbia.
On this basis Maine would gain two
delegates and the total number in the
convention would be increased from 902
to 1165.
The national committee before taking
action on this matter, are very DESTROYS
of knowing what the leading and in
fuential mem bers.of the party think of
the proposed change, for they desire to
be governed by the wishes of the party
if they can ascertain what the senti-
ments of the leaders of the party are up
on the resolution.
The Portland daily press., 1894-03-22
j. r. Libby.

g Mr.. R. Libby's store wasss focus of
attraction for numbers of people last
evening. The great window down street
was prettily draped in white muslin. At
the rear in violets, were the words
Easter Greetings" with cluster of
Easter lilies above them. In the centre
of the window. suspended from above,
was white chariot with wheels of
violets, containing beautiful represen-
white doves that were attached to the
chariot. The base of the window was
finished with fans and gloves, all in
light colors, emblematic of the Easter
season. and tastefully arranged.