The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1894-03-25

right shaft in the centre Of a cylindrical cast
| Ing pit carrying frame OF four arms. TO each
| 81 which is articplateda platform. supporting
usual way. hut when IL is set In rnrid rotation
pressure in the direction of the length OF the
| ingot Is ieveohed equal TO thirty time that
| due to the column OF lliuid me- nj in the mould.
which drives the gases out and produces
perfectly solid casting. Iniformityo cnmno.
Of the rapid cooling. Humiliation is pre-.
vented. IL Is further remarked that Tn" ing1ts
detective ends has heen diminished 10 rer
| cent, the metal icing SO compact rs to bear
rolling to intshsd sizes without he We OF the
by the bottom ofthe N Guilds. when srun up into
the horizontal position, IL about siSty-seyen
| adopted OF l25 revolutions, to n velocity OF
nearly 10000 feet per minutes and the pres
depth OF the ingots Is stai ell az being from 300
to 700 pounds per square inch.
Some gnc results are said to be obtained in
the ornamental working OF wood by the use Of
m ingralning machine lately brought for.
ward by Pennsylvania inventor. The
mechanism is described MS hollow cylinder
ten and one-half feet in circumference, to
~ the cylinder has been transferred, this
grain being covered with n soft cement which
about 20 COO bits Of metal, like type. ars
set; eboy1 lhis being raeed small.
ferent heights; between the two cyltn-
ders. both revolving, n piece OF birch. pom
lar, bass, spruce or i,, maple . may be passad
transferred to IT, after which 1t Ia passed be-
tween two other steel cylinders, one revolving
oil. cooring matter. and another ingredient-
not yet discloscd-used ms nller. After
being treated in this manner tho wood Ia sub
lected to processes ot polishing and varntsh-
ing, and when finished presents the appear
ance OF choice uuartered oak.
Among the recently devised m echanisms Of
practical utility Is a thermometer for the
measurement OF soil temperatures In this
case. In addition to the small construction and
spherical portion at the bottom. the bulb Is
fused TO the stem in such a manner that a
slender proonRation Of the latter extends
quite through and well into the spherical hot
tom portion. the top portion being as usual;
which acts a. the prin ci pal til ON etrlc luil
presenting the advantage OF itR high coefii-
eient Of expansion on ne REMAINDER Of the 6d6
convenient for graduation. Is nllcd with mer.
curry. the latter retained about the point Iust
above the small sphere, and prevents the en-
franco of alcohol into the stem when the Their
mometer is horizontal In order to register
the max imum and minimum temneIatures. n
short column OF alconoi is placed in the upper
portion Of the stem. above the mercury and
dces. so constructed that they will not slide in
the tube OF their own weight, but are easily
pulled downward ~ the top 'G meniscus OF the
alcohol column the indices are set by the aid
upon The tor a Of the mercuria column and the
other raised up against the meniscus o. the
s ss o te pssser ibs srh
est point reached while the alcohol meniscus
| withdraws the other index and leaves 1t at a
point representing the minimum temperature.
A convenient and useful device has been In
vented by Count q. Strickland OF Malta,
namely. n simply constructed attachment to
the slide rest of an ordinary lathe enabling
the work TO be moved vertically as well as
longit udinally and horizontally In front Of the
milling tools or cutters held on the spindle OF
tai and longitudinal slides are usually secured,
and the attachment Is bolteu on the front end
wbeS is 6sId 1hs Sertes Side proectns rom
the latter are work. ella M ping dogs, on the YER
tical slide or on a horizontal shelf on which
dogs are vises or division plates for gear cut
ting. and to which the work may be convent
emily secured. 40 that 1t can be moved to or
from the cutter In n vertical plane. It's longi-
tudinnl and transverse movement being
effected from the other side.
A technical paper notes a present tendency
toward larger sheets for boiler construction.
with general effect for the etter. though not
without objections. BY this method the whole
bottom sheets OF the boiler are substituted by
leak nor rivetsd heads to obstruc; in clearing
so that with these large sheets there Is abso-
tom Of the boiler; the boiler thus made v must
too; be OF more uniform strength than one
with riyete drr s.ami s considerable adyan-
day constituting this an important fea-
ture. one OF the objections to this construc-
ton named is the dihcu ty OF patching. and
that the iarG. sheets are also more difllcult to
bend an objection. however. which is declared
improved rolls now In use, and other IN achinery
for handling ironwork. 1t Is asserted that tho
tho side scans to com. sufficiently high on the
sides to be out OF the fire. the top sheet being
Where this cannot be done. it il declared to be
no worse to have two long side seams In the
lire than several girth seams
The practicability of the newly introduced
branch OF the glass Industry is made appar-
rent by the ingeniously adapted machinery or
mechauisms. by which. according to descrip-
ton In the IDholsterer. the result is accom-
plished. The key to the new process Of max
ing glass curtains In connection with knit ma
Ating particular needles o. the machine at the
for which purpose a set OF chain bars is used
SO arranged as to render 1t possible to COM
mand the different needles according to the
needs of the process. A chain Is made up of
bars links. and balls. like those used on the
a lever attached to the shoulder OF each needle
and extending from the part where the goods
chain. the latter resting in hearings On The
turning OF a crank connecting beveled gears
motion r parted through The agency Of an
time the yarn Is delivered to the needles IA rev.
olution IS made. the chain bar cylinder pre-
and whenever ball on the bar contacts on the
lever the needle to which i belongs is pushed
forward and n mechanical device causes the
needle TO operate and form loops, thus knit:
ting There are however. blanks on some OF
the bars and when these blanks contact with
the levers OF the needles DO movement Is made
Some Of the features in the construction Of
the street railways OF Europe. on tho Conti-
nent. are worthy OF note, and in especial those
relating TO foundations Thus. in the case of
piles. average size Is preferred OF thirty
three feet length. these being placed three feet
apart. connected trlnsyersely and longitude
nally by strong stills. and the whole covered
with q strong planning stout aud arm; ths
piles in each outer row ara driven In at an in-
rllnatiun Of one In twelve. In the ease OF con-
crete between sheet plllnG. the lattnr is driven
below the depth of the foundation, the irTegu-
lArties between the sheet billing care
FULLY calked. aad the stun hetwssn
the sheet pilng is then dredged out
and cement concrete sunk under water by