The herald., 1894-01-01
cyeasing supply of csnneries and olive

creasinR supply of csnneries and olive
oil mills.
Not only as commercial and manu-
featuring center will Los Angeles event
ually become famous. but her climate
will continue to make her and her sub
urbs one of the chiei sanitariums of the
world.
A FASCINATING HISTORY.
The story of the founding of tho City
of the Angels ia not dull and prosy tale
to him who reads between the lines. 1t
was q plain, official business transac-
tion at first. The facts are not obscured
by tradition nor forgotten in fables.
They are all on record in the dry re-
ports OF the officers who had the matter
In hand. These records will be found
in the United States surveyor generals
office in San Francisco, and in the pub
lie srchivea Of Mexico. They give mi
nutely every detail, the motives, the
actors in the scenes, the recruiting, the
fatal journeys, the founding and the sue
cessiul growth OF the little colony. To
the student who can read Spanish and
has time to unroll and pore over theee
documents, now little over century
old, there is charm and compensation
in the work, for he is drinking at the
fountain OF history.
The Spanish had two main objects in
their occupation of Alta California.
One was TO resist Russian encroach-
ment from the north, and the other was
the Contamination of the aborigines.
So, in the year 1863, the same year that
Daniel Boone first entered the wilde OF
mi ntu do pa rfnlo nv
tended the Spanish dominion Of Cal
ifornia northward from the peninsula to
the Golden Gate. He was than COVER
nor of peninsular Californis.
Accompanied by priests of the estab-
lished church, he journeyed overland to
Loreto, on the gull OF California, north
ward to San Francisco. On sultry day
in August, after having enjoyed an ante
lope hunt on the Lagana ranch, they
camped about where "Sonora town"
now is. Here the priests celebrated the
mass of Our Lady, the Queen of the
Angels-Nuestra Seflora, la Reina de los
Angeles. Hence this spot was ever
afterwards marked in their minds by
the memory of the religious exercises
held on that day, and so it came to be
called, and thus the pueblo here founded
IL years later got it's name. 1t was not
named, as many suppose, from the
excellence of it's climate, for Partola
came from milder cline nearer the
tropic OF Cancer. Partola continued his
journey northward and unturled the
Spanish banner at Monterey.
A fort was established at San Francis
co, one at Monterey and another at
Santa Barbara, and fourth at San
Diego. A pueblo was founded at San
Jose, and missions were planted all
along the coast.
These pioneer outposts of European
civilization depended for supplies upon
ships, which were supposed to arrive at
least once year from San Bias. These
suppositions were frequently violent
and always vexatious. Once their de-
lay was 80 great that Junipero Sierra,
the president of the missions, was al
most pursuaded to abandon San Diego,
and again the ship failed to appear and
soldiers were forced to live on milk,
what acorns they could get from the ma
tives and edible herbs they could gather.
The repeated occurrence OF these
hardehips made apparent the necessity
of rendering Alta California independ-
ent. So, in 1775, when Don Felipe de
Neve became governor OF both the Cali
fornias he was instructed to look up
suitable agricultural lands to colonize.
When he came north the next year he
reported that he had found two such
places, one at San Jose, on the Guada-
lupe river, and one at Los Angeles, on
the Porciuncula river, and asked for
orders. Without waiting for an answer
he proceeded to found the pueblo OF
San Jose.
But when it came to founding the
lower pueblo at Los Angeles he waited
for the royal commands, and made
elaborate preparations.
A long series of regulations were
drafted by him and approved by the
king OF Spain. Then he sent his lieu
tenant governor, Don Fernando Rivera
Moncado to the Mexican state OF
Sinaloa. The object of Rivera's mis-
sion was twofoid. First, to procure
colonists for Los Angeles, and, secondly,
to enlist soldiers. Rivera did not have
much difficulty to get oil the soldiers
necessary, but wien it came to getting
farmers he had no end of trou BILE.
Finally, however, ne occurred II heads
OF families for Los Angeles. These he
sent under the protection of small de-
tachment commanded by Lieutenant
Jose Zufliga across the Gulf of Cali
fornia.
Rivera himself led the soldiers over
land through Sonora and Arizona. While
ON the ground here the town OF Yuma
now stands they were attacked by the
natives of that tribe in July, 1881, and
Rivera was killed.
Zuniga led the colonists from Loreto
overland up the peninsula to the mia
sion of San Gabriel. One family de-
serted on the way. rhe smallpox had
broken out among them, and on their
arrival at San Gabriel they were placed
in quarantine for about week.
When all things we're ready Governor
de Neve, on the 26th of August, 1881,
issued q proclamation for the founding
of the pueblo, and on the 4th day OF
September, 1881, 0. s., procession left
tho mission OF San Gabriel and, coming
nine miles westward to the Porcinncula,
proceeded with due pomp and ceremony
to establish new town.
According to the official plans of all
regular Spanish towns, it was to have
plaza or central square. Around the
plaza were the solaree or residenCs lots,
and further out the suertes or planting
plats, and still further out the ejidos or
commons, all including about four
square lesgues.
The site selected for the town was an
admirable one, on cosy little mesa or
table land, sheltered by the hills ON the
north. west and south, and open on the