davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04
An lrreconcilable Conflict.

or course. the suspension OF DIR. BRIGGS
from the Presbyterian ministry until
such time as he shall give satisfactory
evidence OF repentance" amounts to his
practical dismissal II he is ever to come
back. the repenting will have to DO on the
side OF the Presbyterian Church. He can
not repent. He must be convinced The
General Assembly might as well require
him to recant a mathematical demOnstra-
ton. 1t might as well ask him to give up
belief in the Copernican system.
The conclusions as to the Bible presented
by Dr. BRIGGS are drawn from facts. They
are not matters Of faith. and his heresy to
Presbyterian doctrine consists in his seek
Ing and accepting demonstration OF facts.
as he regards 1t. and in not believing in the
absolute perfection OF Scripture with un-
questioning faith as dogma OF the Church
1t consists in his criticism Of the Bible and
his application to it OF the tests Of science.
1t is the method OF examining and analyz-
Ing Scripture adopted by the most distin-
guished OF modern Biblical scholars gener-
ally; but 1t is intrinsically opposed to the
dogmatic method. 1t sets out to accumu-
late facts GU which to build up n theory in
stead OF starting out with dogma to which
the facts must, perforce. be adjusted. 1t Is
science as opposed to faith: and. OF course.
the two cannot be harnonized, since the
one demands positive knowledge and the
other does not attempt to know. but only
believes Ono Is infidelity. the other faith.
That being the situation, DR.. BRIGGS and
his party cannot repent without surrender
ing their consciences to the absolute do
minion OF the Church. or without violating
the whole theory Of Professionalism. Accord
ingly 1t Is remarkable to hear his partisans
declaring that they will remain In tho
Presbyterian Church. which turns him out.
and which declares that their method Of
treating Scripture Is inadmissible. The
sentence passed on him Is virtually passed
on them all. The Union Seminary and the
Lane Seminary. the schools OF their doc
trlne are disavowed. Practically they are
forbidden to express their convictions. and
the very entertainment OF them involves dis
loyalty to the Presbyterian Church; yet
DR.. BROWN OF the Union Seminary. the
fast friend OF DIR. BRIGGS and his unfinch-
Ing supporter In the General Assembly. tells
The Sun that he has not heard Of any Of
the followers of the suspended minister
who propose TO withdraw from the Church.
IL DR.. BRIGGS refuses TO be muzzled. how
can they consent to be gagged5
This spirit Of submission Is an immediate
result OF the decision OF the General As
sembly which We expected. The only hope
OF preserving the outward unity OF the
Presbyterian Church lay in the courageous
and uncompromising perslstency OF the
orthodox majority. When the rebels found
that they could not rule. they were fain to
go through the form OF yielding in order
to save their places. 1t is true that they
protested In words: but what does such a
protest amount tor II they remain. they
must obey. 80 far as the teaching OF their
doctrine Is concerned. With the head OF
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

the rebellion In exile. the great mass OF the
band seems to be dispersing. Presbyterian
discipline Is too much for them.
The Union Seminary. however, will be
obliged to stand by it's guns. 1t cannot
submit without FORGETTING it's title to re-
spect, for the foundation Of its whole teach
Ing is the doctrine of DR.. BRIGGS. He is it's
main representative. the chief pillar OF its
strength. and upon him lean the whole body
OF professors and OF trustees. 1t may be
that by the charter OF the institution DR..
BRIGGS is not eligible for a professorshlp
except as an evangelical minister. and in
his suspension it might DO questionable
whether he could remain in his chair
under the obligations OF that instrument;
but 1t would be easy for him. undoubtedly,
to obtain credentials as Congregational
minister. The rest OF the faculty. being in
close agreement with him as to the doc
trines condemned. are morally under the
same ban. and without disqualification
they cannot teach and forbcar from teach
ing according to the command OF the Gen
eral Assembly. The institution is no longer
Presbyterian school, by reason of that
doctrine, and holding such views, they are
virtually outside Of the Presbyterian
Church as much as DIR. BRIGGS is. As hon.
orable men. they will have to get out OF the
false position in which they are as Presby-
terrain ministers.
Hence. whether the great body OF the
supporters OF DR.. BRIGGS remain or bolt,
there must be an important secession from
the Presbyterian Church us u consequence
OF the decision OF the General Assembly:
and Dr. BRIGGS OF the Union Seminary and
DR.. SMITH OF the Lane Seminary will be its
leaders. The conflict between the new
theology and the old is radical and irrecon-
cilable. and each must have its own Church
organization.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

The man or men who may be DESTROYS
that We shall turn Mohammedans ought to
be able to give US acceptable evidence that tho
tenets OF Mohammedanism are truer and
better t!ian those Of Christianity: that the
founder OF NOLAN medanism was visor and
vorthier than the author OF Christianity; that
tho Koran is superior to the Bible: that the In
fuences OF Mobammedanism are more condu-
Give to pisty and morality than those Of Chris
tianity: that tho insDirstions and ben licences
OF Mohsmm sdanism are more elevating than
those OF Christianity: that tho nations or
races or people who believe in Mohammedan-
ism are purer. moro enlightened. happier.
more free. moro useful in tho world than those
whose faith is that OF Christianity; and that
for these reasons. or for others more sAtisiac-
tory. We ought to give up Christianity In favor
OF Moham IN edanism. by their fruits ys shall
know them;' and MUHAMMAD WEBB ought to
bs able to show unto us that the fruits which
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

with 1897 the coal required 10 produce ton
Of pig iron had been reduced 81 per cent.
| the orc 40 per cont, and the limestone 50
| per cent: the saving In the manufacture OF
| steel, OF course. parallels these figures.
After the British and German mining
engineers had met their American breth-
rem In New York, in October. 1881 tney
visited the leading iron and steel works
In this country. What chiefly struck them
was the pace at which operations were
forced 10 finish. Their observation on
this point receives noteworthy PROOF IN
the Mining Department OF tho Worio
Fair. Among its exhibits are contours Oh
the largest furnace in Great Britain. that
ut Newport, and the largest In the United
States, that OF the Edgar Thomson WORKS
ut Pittsburgh. The English furnace has
q capacity OF $4,000 cubic feet. produces
daily 70 tons, uses 23cs pounds OF coke to
ton OF product. with $50 hours as the time
Of a furnace operation. The American fur
mace with smaller capacity. 1880 cubic
feet. turns out 271 tons a day. uses but l.s63
pounds OF coke per ton OF product. and
crowds an operation into 81 hours.
Beyond the causes metallurgical and me-
chanical which have cheapened steel. are the
Irresistible forces OF business: competition
has become exceedingly keen and manu-
facturers these days have to DO con-
tent with slim profits. and OFTEN
with no profits q: all. The bonanza years
when steel works paid cent. per cent.
are memories OF the unreturning past. To-
day such works must be advantaged by
ample capital. and by executive ability OF
4 10 IN
Great Britain. with its lower scale OF wages.
can make steel cheaper than the United
States, but to this there Is a significant ex-
ception in the forms OF it manufactured
for the architect and the engineer. The de-
mand for structural steel on this CONT
nent is SO vast as to bring down the cost OF
production below the British figures.
Because it is stronger and tougher than
iron. steel long ago ousted iron from use as
the material for rails. Asteel rail lasts about
ten times as long as an iron one. This, OF
course. has cheapened rail transportation.
and SO helped to cheaper steel Itself by
lowering the freight tolls charged for haul
ing the ores and fuel needed to make 1t.
AS material for machinery. steel not
only wears better than iron, but can be
run at higher speed. What this means in
money saved in all the departments OF tho
metals application would require figures OF
audacity to express. And
the end Is not yet: nickel alleged with steel
exalts It's tensile strength remarkably. as
recent tests Of armor plate made OF nickel
steel abundantly prove. Let experiment
in tho preparation OF this alloy come to
SUCCESS as it undoubtedly will. and we shall
see nickel steel enabling the architect ard
the engineer to take almost Us long a stride
ahead as when they discarded iron for
ordinary steel. The time is at hand when
bridge spans can BIO longer. towers higher.
boilers. cars, and engines lighter. and when
machinery driven quicker than ever Will
last longer than Il does today.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

We recently printed an account OF wild
uprising against British authority among tho
black Inhabitants OF the Windward Island of
Dominica. who fought with sticks and stones
against a British force armed with rifles and
swords. In a single smnll fight the native
mob was defeated and dispersed. after which
the British functionar!ss resum cd the busine ss
OF Selling their cabins and effects for taxes,
which mad been interrupted for q short time.
The overtaxed and crushed people then ask cd
tho British Government to order an inquiry
into the conduct OF Governor SMITH. against
whom charges OF corruption. cruelty. and
oppression were brought We regret to
learn that the Colonial ONCE In London
has refused to grant this reasonable re-
quest. When We examined the grounds
OF their complaint rs set forth In q doc
ument received from Panama. We were
satisfied that SMITH had acted toward them
in n way disgraceful to himself ana to the
homo Government They ought to try to get
some member Of Parliament interested in
their case
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

Our contemporary the Je,rish Messenger
speaks energetically OF Tho Demand Of
the Hour. to which it says the American
Government must give heed as follows:
wow is the time for those who their fellow men
And hate tyranny to rise in their ght throughout the
civilized world and demand that the Russian Govern
tnent do justice to the Jews within the empire and
] award them equal rights before tho law"
We must ask how this demand can be
made. or how II could be enforced Is the
American Government to join the other
powers OF the world in making war upon
Russia to compel it to Z" do justice to the
Jews by awarding them equal rights
before the law" and to oblige it
to change its internal policy? That
would be job which not power
in the world could undertake with any
chance or nope OF success. Are we to send
10 the Car our rcmons frances against the
execution Of those measures which bear
hard upon his Jewish subjects ? Nobody
who knows anything about diplomacy can
suppose that such remoustrancrs would be
OF any effect. and il is certain that the very
first Of them would be answered in a way
which would put Il stop 10 further CORE
spondence between the two Governments
upon ll' SIbJccI.
We caunot possibly mako any such de-
mand upon the Russian Government as the
JeTtsh Messenger is DESTROYS that We should
make. We cannot offer the alternative Of
peace or war in n case Of this kind.
Russia knows that it is not to our interest
or liking that its Jewish subjects shall be
expelled; and we are in hope that the Jew
ism people OF Russia may he allowed TO stay
there in pence. with such rights as are pos
sessed by the rest OF the population. 1t
would be in vain for us To say more than
this and Russia has already been iu formed
OF oar preference in the matter.
What would Americans say II Russia
were to menace our Government on account
of its ant.-Chinese policy. or send re,non-
strances To it against the execution OF that
policy which may involve tho expulsion
from the United States Of a multitude OF
Chinese residents? We presume that Rus
STA would be notified that it had better
mind its own business.
Every independent government in the
world maintains tho right OF directing its
own internal policy. and rescnts the inter-
ference herewith Of any outside power or
party or interest.
We assure the Jclcish Messenger that we
cannot make war upon the Car to compe!
him to adopt the glorious principles Of the
American Declaration OF Independence, I'M
der which oil the Jewish people in this
country are in the enjoyment Of life. lib
erty. and the right to pursue happiness.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04
Mr.. Herbert and the Naval Pageant

4 The pages which Secretary HERBERT de-
votes in the North American Recie,c to
comment on the great show Of ships at
Norfolk and New York. deal with it first as
IN illustration OF the friendly feeling that
now prevails between the United States and
other nations.
He recalls that this peaceful rendezvous
took place in the very roadstead whore the
Monitor and Merr.mac fought. ard near
where the Leopard attacked tho Chesa-
peake. while close by at Norfolk lay the
old Constellation. successor to TRUxrUS'g
frigate that overcame the Insurgente in
1880. OF the nine nations whose thirty
war ships were there gathered. three
were republics. but all the vessels put on
the colors OF Italy In honor OF the twenty
nth anniversary OF King HUMBERT's mar
,t1age. just as the British Blake afterward
at New York. where once the prison ships Of
the Revolution lay. flashed out the image OF
WASHINGTON In her fireworks display. and
just as other foreign ships took part in our
Decoration Day ceremonies.
While In numbers the review fell short
of the international shows at Barcelona In
1888. and at Genoa In 1892. as we'll as OF tho
British and French summer man1uvres. yet
neither at Barcelona nor at Genoa was there
concert OF action. common programme. and
acommon commander. Secretary HERBERT
well says that the voyage from Hampton
Roads. when the vessels OF nine nations. In
two parallel columns. steamed at a pre-
scribed rate. all under the command. by
courtesy. OF an American officer. formed "a
scene that has no parallel In history" Yet
even this scene was surpassed In sugges-
dyeness by the land parade In New York,
which. while 1t was the most significant
oct Of good will to the American people
and American institutions. was also the
browning lesson CT the review"
And what was that all-important les
son The Secretary thus expressesit:
EVERY thoughtful observer was Impressed with tho
i4sA thA. II our should come blows with
sbss friends .hS vSss sehud them IN line they could
Hsvsr Ls3s 70 wts eG:sDt VISA fair ssPFly Of ships
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04
WAY THERE ARE ACCIDENTS.
bicycle Riders Travel Too Fast for the
Safety OF Tn mselves and Others.
Rom the Boston Tran,erip,.

The alarming increase OF accIdentsto bicy-
Gle ridere this season has been a subject OF
considerable comment. Last year and the
year before there were accidents t. riders and
to those win whom they happened to collide,
while riding al arHp!i pnco through the 81 u.s.
but this season one can hardly glance over the
columns Of newspaper without reading ac-
counts Of sevcra OF those IN snaps. 1t almost
seems that the wheelmen had entered in com
pact to I'M ire themselves and others as often as
an opportunity presented i.seif The reasons
for the increase IN the bicycle accident At are
in the first place that there are more wheels
than ever before. and in the seconh place, that
the alleged improvements In construct Ion tend
to accidents. The new style wheels. with
their pneumatic iircs. are without brakes so
that tho rider cannot stop as readily as for
mcrly when he sees that he is sDproachirp
danger The construction OF the tire Is such
that. were 1t supplied with u brake. the sud
den and determined use Of that article wouid
burst the tire. ALLOWING: the air to escape. The
new style wheels rum oyer tho pavements so
much nee easily than the old style ones that
when vigorous young man gets astride OF
one OF thea he Is sai2od with q desire IN 10
lise rara hore". AMI he docs. The cnmbina
tion OF swift riding ana no brakes Is respoDsi-
bic for T.. ably fifty 10. cent OF the accidents
to the VIII. linen and the mortais who hnunen
to get in thoir rh way. n might not be bad idea
through the crowded parts OF the streets.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

Inspector BYRNEs Is opposed to the propo-
sition OF the President OF the Excise Board.
who wants to establish a special excise police
force OF sixty inspectors to supervise the en-
forcement OF New lork's liquor laws. Tho In
spector Is right. There Ia entirely too much
Interference with the police force as it Is.
Every reforming society. be its object the
abatement o. crime, tho suppression OF vice.
the overthrow OF wickedneSs. or restriction Of
law, essness. seeks to be clothed with complete
police powers. and to possess the summary
right to arrest deinquents and to have it's
own agents serve warrants. The compleSity
and confusion WHICH result from this have led
already TO some injustice and considerable
scandal The Board Of Excise is established.
and maintained, to issue liquor licenses. ac-
cordnG to the public need. to suitable indi-
viduals. who comply with ths regulations es-
tabllshed by law and who pay the requisite
license fee 1t can revoke u license il the law
is violated: It can refuse. for cause. to grant
or renew one There its powers end and the
duties OF the Police Department begin.
1t is n good rulc for city departments. as for
private individuals. to attend strictly to their
own business. There Is no necessity for Great.
Ing Board OF Excise Police so long as the
duties it would DO called uEon to discharge
arc performed by the Police Department.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04
Revolution Of High Social Importance.

Steel in the rough Is now sold at Pitts
burgh at S2l rs per ton Of 2.2+0 pounds-a
fraction less than cent a pound. In 1867
steel rails at the same mart were Sl66 per
ton: In 1879. SIP: in 1889. $3.50; and to-day
$50. How has u result so surprising been
brought about2 Why Is it that the United
States last year manufactured AIT. 900 tons
OF steel against 3.679.000 tons produced by
Great Britain: with promise that the interval
between these two great rivals will widen
rather than diminish as tho years roll by :?
First and chiefly. from the richness and
vastness OF the iron mines Of this country
and the good fortune that many Of Them
especially In Pennsylvania. Alabama. and
Tennessee. enjoy in being contiguous to
coal beds: and where. US ut the mines OF
tho Termllion range, in northern Michigan.
fuel is remote. water transportation charges
to the furnace regions are nominal.
The chaapenlng Of steel Is In the main to
be credited TO the so-called Bcssemer pro-
cess. first devised by WILLIAM KELLY.
who. In lS47. at the Eddyville Iron Works In
Kentucky. refined molten iron by blast OF
air in an acid-lined vessel. The English in
ventor developed this principle Of burning
the superfluous carbon out OF iron until
only steel remained. with SO much inge-
nuity and holiness that his name Is
indissolubly linked with tho process.
While that process Is employed In
manufacturing much the larger part Of our
American Steel the open-hearth furnaces
devised by SIEMENs and MARTIN are stead
lily gaining In favor. The first OF them to
be built in the United States was erected
nj In
TIT Il Co. Phosphorus in steel makes the
metal brittle. and as many ores OF iron,
particularly those Of the Southern States,
contain notable percentage OF phospho-
ros. 1t was an important discovery when In
1879 Mr.. SIDNEY GILcHRIsT THOMAS per-
fected his so-calcd basic process, by
which such ores can be made into
excellent steel. In England the bane
becomes blessing, the Stag from
basic furnace. containing as It does
much phosphoric acid. yielding q yaIua-
BILE fertilizer. Mr.. THoMAs's discovery
was first applied In America to an OPEN
hearth furnace In 1888. at the Homestead
Steel Works OF CARNEGIE. PHIpPs a. Co.
There are now six open-hearth steel works
In this country. In tho adaptation OF
particular process to special ore, carry
ing sulphur. phosphorus. or what not.
q considerable economy is realized.
OF still more influence in the cheapening
OF steel Is the introduction Of machinery in
mining both ore and coal. in getting out
the limestone TO be mixed with the coal
and ore. and In saving manual labor
at every stage OF the manufacturing
process. At the CARNEGIE works in Pitts
Il \.
chanical plant In the world. ono machine
alone representing an outlay Of q million
dollars. Remarkable also Is the steady gain
In the efficiency Of ore. coal. and limestone.
as furnaces have been increased In size and
improved In design. The Engineering and
Mining journal recently gave some details
taken from the accounts Of well-managed.
typical concern; In thirty years ending
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

We approve OF the order issued by the
Board OF Health that fags or cards shall be
displayed upon houses IN which contagious
diseases may exist. each flag or card bearing
tho name OF the disease existing In the houae.
This is an excellent method OF waning peo-
pie against taking risks that are apt to be
costly.
We are disposed TO favor the suggestion OF
the Academy OF Medicine that q hospital shall
BIO reserved for the exclusive use OF patients
afflicted with contagious diseases. such as
typhus, typhoid and scarlet fever. diphtheria.
measles. and SIN ALL poX. OF which between 400
and 800 cases are put on the records every
week OF the year.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

Up to this timo OF the year, pneumonia
holds the first rank among the fatal diseases
In the city. The mortality caused by 1t was
not as great In the month o! May as It had
been In April. during the first fortnight of
which there were as many rs 800 deaths from
It: but it's record Is still high enough to serve
as warning TO everybody to avoid those evils
which are the main cause OF 1t. or to seek tho
means OF relief when 1t is in Ito earlier stages.
At least half OF the cases OF It that prove fatal
could be successfully treated II prompt att.n-
ton were given 10 1t upon tho appearance of
the first sym toms OF 1t
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

One OF the popular attractions OF this
week will be the open-air horse show OF the
United States Horse and Cattle Society in its
grounds at the terminus OF the west side ele-
waited railroad. The entries already made by
tho owners OF fine horses in various parts Of
the country are more than satisfactory, and
tho prizes offered. in money or plate. are hand
some and tempting Great improvements
have been made in the society's grounds for
this show, and tho price OF admission thereto.
with a seat in the grand stand has been set as
low as one dollar. The gentlemen OF the So
ciety who have undertaken the direction OF
this show are DESTROYS that the public shall
understand that its object is not money max
ing, but to encourage the breeding OF the best
horses for all kinds Of service The multitude
OF New Workers who are interested in this
worthy object will assuredly mako the weeks
show successful.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-06-04

The poem in tho form Of prayer which
our good. lively. reverent. eminent. and estl-
mable old friend. DIR. OLIVER WENDELL
HOLMES. has composed for the use OF the
Young Mems Christian Union OF Boston. is
not as worthy OF the spirit and genius OF its
author ss 1t ought 20 be. 1t is not up to tho
mark OF sacred poetry or up to the high mark
which DR.. HOLMES has often reached