davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
& Standard Oil Omcers.

New York, Jan. AT meeting Of the
stockholders OF the Standard Oil company
William Rockefeller. J. D. Rockefeller, j. s
NJ Flagler, J: D. Archiboid, II. II. Rogers,
Pratt and A.. NJ. Cregor. subsequently the
following officers were elected: President,
William Rockefeller; vice president, John y:
Archibold; treasurer, w. ID. Wardeyell, anu
secretary, l.. D.. Clarke.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
To Prevent student. nett1n.

New Haven, Conn.,, Jan. 4.---The local Con-
gregational clergymen lately sent a joint let
ter to the Yale faculty urging the prohibit
ton OF all betting and gambling at the uni
games, to which some OF the students are
prone: President Dwight says that the fac
and will frame some measures. lie a feasible.
plan can be devised go {.1.5-'-,,
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
Missing Daughters.

Vienna, Jan. 4.---AIany persons have re
ported to the police in the last four DAYS the
loss of their daughters, between eight and
twelve years of age. It is feared that the
children are the victims of criminal CON
spiracy. E .es5 n,
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
Fire mt BisnarcE,

Bismarck, n. D., Special. Jan. 4.---The Odd
Fellows building, brick, was Quilted by
fire to-day Braithwaite's shoe stock is a
complete loss, principally from water The
upper story was occupied by offices.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
THE FINANCIAL REPORT.

Estimated Receipts and Disburse-
ments for Fiscal Years 1894 and
1895.
This estimate is made on a basis Of tax
levy of LA mills:
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12

VICt11nS Oh tMG gUIICnef. HOFFOF.
Travers City, Mich, Jan. 4.--The tug On
ward arrived to-day with the bodies Of
Williams and Bullgren, who were drowned
when the steamer Gilcber went down In
Lake Michigan lest fall. Their bodies were
found on Fox 0F1na. sS
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
r.,1exe. In spirit writinE.

J believes in Spirit Writing.
London, Jan. S4.-W. T. Stead. the veteran
editor, gives it as his con victton that before
the possibility OF communicating with the
dead will be facts established BY indisputa-9
BILE scientific proof.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
1881. IS. nc, So, 40 2o6.5es il, o.s.,:,7s
1855 1888 5sa7 ~ 42sos9 !. s3s asa,
1890. I. IA. so; 431 1902, ST. 16, 6OO, 800
1891. ~ AZ, 1S7 ,919% 945,265 45.l33.1 S4

II And although the fees charged for the
where else for the same work yet the de-
partment is more than sef-sustaining, and
has today large surplus On it's hands, as 1
alive statement showing earnings, expenses
and balances for the several years since the
establishment Of the department., VIZ:
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
Educational Facilities.

In the field Of education Minnesota oc-
cuDies high and advanced grounds at all
points. Our state university has within the
last ten years grown beyond all precedent in
quality, scope and members, and to-day
ranks as one Of the leading educational In
situations OF our country, to which we can
all look with pride and admiration In 1880
the total attendance OF students was 253.
! In j 1913 the number has reached 1874. And
during 1888 the number><will exceed 800.
Departments OF law and medicine have been
established and are in most successful oper-
alton There were 1853 law and medical
students in attendance in 1892. and In 1898
the number will no doubt reach. II not ex-
coed, COO The fees charged students In
these departments are nearly sufficient to
pay the salaries Of all the instructors, and
will in the near future be more than ample
for this purpose Perhaps nothing pertain
ing to the progress and growth OF the uni
versity has been more marked and original
/. than the establishment of a school of prac-
teal agriculture. giving special instruction
in all that pertains to the theory and prac-
tice of agriculture in oil its branches In
connection with this school and as part
thereof is dairy hall. ample and well
equipped, In which instruction Is given in
the theory and practice Of cheese and but
ter making by an expert Instructor. This
Of our farmers. In 1892 the attendance was
1O4. In 1892 ii was 115:: and In 1893 i VIII
be over 40 and would be far more IL there
were suhicient accommodations. While the
state has dealt literally with the university.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12
The Itnskn State Park.

an act was passed creating state pari
around Lake 1tasca, the source Of the Mis-
sissippi river. Pursuant to the proyisioIe
Mr.. ]. v. Brewer rs commissioner OF ;the
park Mr.. Brewer at once proceeded to Sc
cure concessions from the owners OF the
lands In. the reservation, and with much sue
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-12

z" The State Prison.
The annual report of the board Of man
ayers Of the state prison ut Saltwater has
been submitted, with u very full account
of the transactions that have occurred since
this body last assembled. A very desirable
contract was made in October. 1891, Tor the
s,1lse of the convicts during the two years, in
accordance with the law under which the
State penitcntiary Is now in operation The
In excess Of any sum heretofore obtained.
and in addition desirable arrangements were
by the state. as well as for d furnishing Of
power to operate the IS. same The last leg
tional machinery for the purpose Of manu-
), DELAY occurred in securing the necessary ma
chimes to carry into effect the ,l Jaw owing to
itrolled not only all of the twine nlanufact-
ured in the country. but the manufacturers
I the making Of Irvine as we'll. am pleased
Mo state that the results Obtained have met
sold last year to farmers In various parts Of
the state and gave good satisfaction. Thu
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
with gold and pearls, and the harness,
etc., of silk and gold.
The saddle under the reign of James
I. became less elegant, but Charles T.,

who attempted to revive knightly GUS
toms, returned to the sumptuous sad
die. His state saddle was gorgeous
affair, being of crimson velvet richly
embroidered, while the ssddle-cloth,
also of crimson velvet, Was covered
thickly with seed pearls. The head
stalls, reins and stirrup-leathers were
also luxurious and effective.
Oliver Cromwell used q large, plain
tapped saddle, very heavy and cum
brous, like the ponderous Flemish an
imal he bestrode. The next century
brought the type of saddle which, with
various minor changes Influenced by
military requirements, has survived
unto the present day, and which does
not seem likely to be superseded in
the main lines of its construction.
The saddle rooms at Windsor Castle
contain the sumptuous trappings be-
longing to Tippo Sahib's war horse. of
crimson and green velvet, rich with
embroidery of gold and silver wire;
the magnificent Turkish horse capari-
son, embroidered with gold on Grim
son satin, once the property of George
III. complete set of Indian adorn-
ments of red, green, silver and gold,
presented to the Queen by the Thakoor
of Moiri; a Persian chabraque ofcrim-
son silk covered with golden sprigs;
the saddles used by the Queen for re-
views and public ceremonies, and the
two sets of state harness embellished
with coats of arms. The Empress
Eugene still preserves the black leather
harness, ornamented with the imperial
arms, which belonged to Napoleon Ill,
as we'll as the red velvet saddle, splen-
did saddle-cloth and golden stirrups
used by him in the disastrous cam
paign of 1870. .
While the trappings of the horse
have been growing simpler in the
western countries, the Oriental taste
has remained the same during score
of centuries. From Constantinopleto
Bagdad, and from Bagdad to Delhi, the
traveller becomes familiar with horses
proudly caparisoned with panaches,
tassels and bells in profusion, richly
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
"Kid," the Apache Renegade.

The Apache renegade "Kid, who
now seems to be completing Vic
toris's bloody work in the Southwest,
is member of the San Carlos tribe OF
the Apache Nation, so named from the
fact that their hore camps are
stretched along the San Carlos River,
q small permanent tributary of the
Gila River from the north. The San
Carlos reservation in Arizona COM
prises about the best available farm
ing region and cattle district Of the
Territory, now perfectly useless to
settlers and the home IF about 5000;
Apaches and Moiaves. h;
In 1881 kid was a young Indian
living ol the reservation--tall, clear,
eyed, handsome, for an Indian, and,
well formed. Up to this time, when
he was about twenty years of age, he
had not been off the reservation, and
had become favorite with officers
whose duty took them there. So
At about this time Lieutenant Fran
els J. A. Darr, United States Army,
one of the most experienced and snc-
cessful of Indian trailers, returned
from scouting the country to the north.
and recruited his company of Indian
scouts at San Carlos, enlisting among
others kid" 81
This was the Indians first military
experience, and the drst time he ever.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
THE VERDICT OF SCIENCE.

"But," cry out the champions OF alcohol,
''if it is neither food nor a heat -giver, at
least it aids in the digestion of food" Some
people are never tired Of telling their neigh
bors that they find great benefit from
a glass of beer or wine taken at
dinner. 1t would be more correct for
such people to say that they find great
benefit from their dinner, for 1t is the dinner
that strengthens them, and not the beer or
wine. As matter Of fact alcohol in any
form actually retards the digestion Of food !;
and It is unfortunately an everyday occur
renee for drunkards to vomit half digested
or wholly undigested food hours and even
days after partaking OF 1t.
The peculiar case Of Alexis st. Martin, who
was wounded during the American war, has
afforded splendid opportunity Of studying
this important point. The injury which the
ball inflicted on him was such that holc
was made in the stomach, which remained
open and was used "as door by which to
Introduce substance into the stomach, and
window through which to look in and eX
anime effects" DR.. Beaumont, the army
surgeon at the time, brought st. Martin to
his own home and kept him there for three
years, during which series OF most careful
experiments were made which have proved
of inestimable value ever since. Now, among
the substances introduced into the stomach
of st. Martin was alconol the effects ofwhich
DR.. Beaumont carefully watched and noted
down. It was found that when this was
given to the patient the stomach became
covered with in1amatory and ulcerous
patches the secretions were vitiated and the
gastric Juice diminished in quantity, and Of
an unnatural viscidity and yet. notwith-
standing this, he described himself as per-
fectly WELL anu complained OF nothing. Evil
IDENTIFY, therefore, from the testimony OF ST.
Martin, great harm may result from the in
PRODUCTION Of alcohol into the system, al
though the person who indulges, even in
small quantities, may be altogether uncon-
scious of its injurious results.
An eminent Edinburgh physician, DR..
Figg. tells US that he has been frequently
called in to prescribe for patients after their
drunken debauch Of Saturday night, and
that mustard emetic has always invaria-
bly, brought up the substance Of the dinner
OF the previous day, with little or no change,
save that produced by mastication." 1t is
scarcely necessary to remark that had these
persons not been drinking. all traces Of their
dinner would have disappeared from their
stomach in the course OF u few hours.
Here is one of the examples he produces to
prove that alcohol does not aid in the diges-
tion OF food IAN Incorporate, irreclaim-
able woman partook ef little barley broth
for her midday meal, previous to joining q
festive party in the house OF a sailors wife.
Having an unlimited supply OF spirits she
drank herself to sleep at a. m, and was
found dead at G. On opening the body the
barley broth was found intact, the grains and
vegetables unreduced."
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
TEMPERANCE NEWS AND NOTES.

The President Of the Royal College Of Ply
sicians. Ireland, says: 'All the claret in the
universe could not manufacture one drop OF
blood
The annual meeting OF the National Nom
Partisan W. c. #. u. will be held in Chicago.
at the Isabella Hotel, the first week OF No
rember.
n either the rum drinker. the rum seller
or the rum maker should &C out OF the bus'-
ness entirely, the other two would nave 10
ahut up shop.
Five Good Templars are members OF tue
present British House OF Commons, and
about sixty other members OF Parliament arc
understood 10 be total abstainers.
The money value Of the alcoholic drinks
consumed by the Belg ians in the year ieSl
amounted 10 nearly 450. 900, GOO francs, whlch
is about IA third part OF the Whole average
wages Of the workers.
1t is stated that out o! $4,000 school :hli-
dren in England examined by the doctors,
more han thirty per cent were found suffer-
ing from physical or mental defects, largely
attributable either directly or indirectly, 10
the drinking habits OF their parents.
The Scientific American. which cannot be
accused of fanGticism, says III is our op-
seryation that beer drinking in this country
produces the very lowest kind OF inebriety:
closely allied to criminal insanity. Inc most
dangerous class OF ruffians in our large cities
arc beer drinkers"
Mrs. Jennie Hauser. Of Lucknow, INDIA,
has been appointed President OF the W. Z:
II. u. OF India Mrs. Hauser says OF tnat
country. Aside from the missionaries:
scarcely one in five hundred OF English peo-
ole are total abstainers. But great inter
est in Temperance is being awakened among
influential natives
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13

The tower also owns another Ger
man "tilting saddle of bone dating
from the same period. This is carved
with ornaments of dragons, foliage,
and has it's ground and hatchings fitted
with color after the manner of enamel
ing. An inscription in the old German
is inscribed upon fitch hoff des
pesten dir Ceiling. Hilf Gott vol auf
Sand Iorgen nam" Il hope the best
fortune may attend you. May God
assist you in the name of st. George).
Four other saddles of similar kind
are in existance, one at the arsenal in
Schaffhausen, one in the museum at
Ratisbon, third in the Renne collec-
ton in Constance and the last in the
Germanic Museum.
The saddler's art in the Middle
Ages was brought to degree of per-
fection which the present age has never
seen and scarcely realizes. The horse
cloth, which was introduced about the
Twelfth Century, and the coverings
for the launches and neck represented
in Norman manuscript are rich with
armorial decorations and are often
blazoned with numerous quarterings.
In the olden times knights and ladies
we're not content to ride on plain
leather seats, and consequently their
saddles were covered with thick vel
vets of splendid color, richly embroid-
cred, gilded, carved, printed, studded
with rare gems and precious stones or
seeded with pearls. 1t is not difficult
to appreciate the saying that a
knight often wore his castle on his
horses back" The back of the raised
cantle was the chosen field for the fan
cies of the saddler, it's fiat surface
Offering q suitable place for the de-
vices that were carved or painted here.
Birds and flowers were the favorite sub
jects for the ladies' saddles, introduced
by Queen Anne, the wife of Richard
H., who taught her female attendants
to ride sideways, while battle scenes
were chosen for the men. Previous
to this the ladies had ridden behind
their knights on apillion.
The Archdeacon of Bath, alluding to
the unmartial manners of some of the
knights of his time, says that "they
cause to be painted wars and eques-
triaian contests on saddles and shields
in order that they may please them
selves with an imaginary sight of bat
ties which they dare not actually set
upon or see.
From the ordinances of the Saddler's
Company, of London, we learn that in
the Fourteenth Century three guilds
were implicated in the making OF sad
dles-the joiners, who made the sad
die tree; the painters, who decorated
the saddle, and the saddlers, who were
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
ALesson That Was Appreciated.

There is in the employ of Maiden
Lane house travelling salesman who
is six feet tall and who is not afraid OF
anybody or anything. He is habitually
polite, always treats other people with
consideration, and expects to be so
treated in return.
One day the tall salesman entered a
Western retailers store, politely Of
fered his card and awaited the jewel
er's pleasure. The merchant delib-
erately threw the card on the floor and
turned away. The tall salesman was
highly incensed by the insult, and
gently touched the jewelers. shoulder
as he said in subdued but determined
tone:
''If you don't pick up that card and
apologize I will pitch you over your
SAFE" A glance assured the jeweler
that his visitor was able to carry his
threat into execution SO he picked up
the card, apologized, and has since
been q regular customer Of the man
who taught him to be polite. Jewel
er's Weekly.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
RECORD OF RIDING.
HOW THE SADDLE HAS DEVEL-
OPED FROM EARLY TIMES.
Way in Which 1t Was Fashioned by
Different Nations-Some Saddles
Are Very Richly and Curl
ousIy Ornamented.

~ VERY Nation brings a new
H saddle to increase our cata-
logue--the Mameluke, his of
crimson velvet; the Tartar,
polished wood; the Persian, painted
gilt and inlaid with ivory the Moor,
scarlet velvet; the Sicilian, gaudy
bead; the Soudanese, sewn with
gazelle sinew and covered with croco-
die hide; the Mexican, leather richly
decorated; the Bokhaean, painted
wood interset with bone; while from
Bombay and the Puniaub come those
of purple and silver; from the South
Sea Island, saddles decorated with
cowrie shells, and Iceland sends a
species of chair covered with repousse
brass.
Some idea of the importance of sad
dlery will be received when it is said
that England exports to foreign ports
annually an amount of saddlery and
harness that is valued at half million
of pounds. None of this comes to this
country, where it is believed that
American leather is the best in the
world. All saddles are made on the
Mcclellan model, used alike for civil
and military purposes. This consists
of two straps of beachwood, which
form a skeleton or frame, strength
ened by iron braces, and over this q
covering of tanned pigskin is stretched,
while stirrups hung to the same stout
leather complete the structure. The
difference betweed this war saddle and
that of the Thirteenth Century
portrayed by Violet lie Due, supplied
with high and pointed cantle, against
which the knight was propped, while
he held his lance before him in firm
and straight attitude, is as great as the
contrast drawn by Sir Walter Scott
in ''The Talisman''' of the two knights
that met in the desert-Sir Kenneth,
of Scotland, mounted on O massive
Norman war horse and the Sultan on
his agile Arab steed.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13

The next change i'll saddlery oc-
Cured about the Thirteenth Century,
when iousts and tournaments became
popular in England, which method OF
warfare consisted of combats between
horsemen armed with long lances,
whose object was to lumber their an
tagonists out of the saddle. The "tilt-
ing saddle" then became q necessity.
This consisted of a plain seat with
raised padded back, extending round
the sides and cncompassing the loins
of the rider. Many of these have
neither saddle bow nor pommel. In
the following century shield was in
trodnced for the protection Of the
riders thighs. This extended down
the fianks of the horse and was attached
to the saddle, forming part of it.
Another curious feature is noticeable
for the first time in the saddles Of the
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
TEMPERANCE.

WANTED.
Wanted, water drinker
Who tastes not wine or beer.
But nobly keeps his temperance pledge
And drinks q beverage clear.
Wanted, an active soldier,
To boldly take his stand,
And seek TO drive our greatest foo
From our beloved land.
Wanted, new members quickly,
To join us on the field:
And, thus increasing day by day,
The enemy must yield.
Wanted. tried teetotaler,
With courage brave and true.
Who never fails when asked to drink,
To show his badge Of blue.
Wanted. an earnest worker,
In this great cause Of right,
Who bravely works in sunshine's smile,
Or in the blacklist night.
Wanted, daring David.
10 slay the giant drink,
And until this conquest is achieved
Our band will never shrink.
Kate Kelsey, in Temperance Banner.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1893-09-13
The art of horsemanship dates from

The art of horsemanship dates from
remote antiquity, but it is not known
when saddles came into existence, and
for centuries only cloth separated
the rider from his horse. While
plumes rose above horses'Eheads and
bits and brides were of solid gold,
while flowing tassels streamed from the
harness, bells made music for the
necks and the richest embroidered
cloths covered the horses sides, the
Egyptians, Assyrians, Persians and
Greeks, despite these elegancies, rode
on simple pads or cushions similar to
those still used by the Bedouins OF
Asia. The Scandinavians, however,
used the saddle as far back as the Iron
Age, and the bronze pommels and stir
rups now to be seen in the museum in
Copenhagen, prove that their work
manship of this branch of art was OF
an elaborate and complex nature.
According to pictorial representa-
tions the saddles used by the Anglo
Saxons were of primitive order
mere shallow cushions or pads. The
horseman or rider sat low on the
horses back. The pad was frequently
decorated with a fringe of tufts of
hair, probably the tails of some an
imal The ends of the pad were
slightly raised with foreshadowing OF
pommel and cantle' OF later develop
ment. The Normans gave prominence
to pommel and cantle, which in their
hands rose to considerable height in
a curvilinear form. Some excellent
representations of this type are seen in
the celebrated Bayeux tapestry, sup
posed to have been made by Matilda,
the wife of the Conqueror. We must
recall to mind that to the prominent
porlmel of his saddle William the
Conqueror lost his life, for according
to the old historians his horse treadlng
on burning embers of the ruined city
of Nantes reared and threw his rider
upon the prominent iron pommel OF
the saddle, which pierced his body and
caused his death.