The sun., 1893-12-20

try the tarifr Of ls46 rave Immense vlsor =
m,annisiG,gres ,n11S..iI With steady emsloyRsnt an
eleven years experiences under H. the longss
period 81 stabillty We have ever epjooyed unds
states with prssiieal unsnimlty, voted for
RT,66sr re rsduStion Of ~ Per c9St nd by
made reduction OF 20 Der cent.
And 50 well contsntsd and prosperous
tiops oi the county under the low rates Of u,
tarin oi 1851 that when the Morrill, bill oil
general protest against Il. The Hon, klexGndsI
Rice ot Massachusetts said In the House;
The msnpiscturer ask no additional pro.
that the greatest evil. next TO q rulnous com-
s. petition from f9rsign sources, is AZ excessive
and irresponsible compeiition at home i on
0rss.ondt ,GioIe. 5000, rage .SB5i =,
Stanton says tine manufacturers are urging
and pressing the bill he tays what he must
tufers have asked over and over again to be
| let alone, ibid. 2OJ3.
| Mr.. Morrill, himself has since said that the
| tarfT Of 1851 was not asked for, and but cold.
| ly welcomed by manufacturers IL congressional
'9ss Senator iTgo Pee Hantsf fHSSa o, vrsD,. then
Chairman Of the Senate Finance COMMITTEES,
y" Have any Of the m manufacturers come here
| TO complain or ask for new duties L. II not
notorious that u we were to leave IL TO the
the manufacturers OF hardware. textile fab
rics; &c, there would be large majority
againTst .TL any chsngei DO M we not know that the
the taEin OF 1857 which altered the duties on
THE history OF American industry shows
that during no other period has there been a
| more healthy and rapid developm ent OF our
years. o low tar rom 5nsf siS tn s NOR
more healthy and harmonious growth OF
tb and Ell iSe SsheT great
perience carries with IL q more salutary lesson
than this, and none could appeal more strongly
! la m w m nj IN MI iGh mat aNl nal
system OF pu bile revenues. Mother exhausting
agriculture by constant blood letting, nor keep
andfevers by artificial pamperinR. In this di-
rect ion alone lies stability. concord of sections
We have already said that public discus
sion may disclose errors OF minor dstall In the
schedules Of our bill TO escape such errors
would require SO thorough ami minute
knowledge OF all the divisions. subdivisions.
cgmrlox, and manifold nazes and involutions
~ our chsmical. textile, metal and other In
dustrirs that no committee Of Congress, no
matter how extended the range Of their per-
sonal knowledge. or how lahorious and palms.
taking their flOttacould ever hope to possess.
Nehave not forgotten that we Represent the
people who are the many as well ae the pro-
tected Interests. who are the low, and while wo
have dealt with the latter in no spirit OF un-
friendliness. we have felt that 1t was our duty
and MT their privilege to mako the tariff
schedules. Those who concede the right OF
benenciaties to ilx their own bounties must
wording OF the laws by which these bounties
are secured to them. A committee OF Congress
projected interests.
:, lit has been shown so clearly and so often in
the debates OF this House that nearly every Inn
pOrtant schedule OF the existing law was made
tives Of the interests It was framed to protect;
the record proof OF this fact but 1t may not be
nmiss to cite further evidence to show that
open and avowed method OF framing protec-
tive tariffs. When the senate substitutes for
the bill passed by this House in the Fiitisth
a La al ~
the existing law, was being prepared. senator
Hoar OF Massachusetts Appeared before the
Instead OF coming before your ssu b. commit
tee for formal hearing on our Massachusetts
fully prepare a table OF all tho various Indus
tries, perhaps some sixty or seventy in all, and
and ascertain what the people wanted in each
case. and II thore were any cases where the
committee had not already done exactly what
passed upon tho question. could have n hear
ing before you. but find in every Instance the
action Of the committee, as Mr.. Adrich thinks
II likely to be. is entirely satisfactory to the
interests represent with the exception OF one
fhayO handed t.. Mr. Aidrisb.' '"'' 'A'''
No stronger indictment Of the whole pro-
tectiye system could he made than that which
Is unconsciously carried in these words OF a
United states senator that laws which i'm pose
taxes on the great masses OF people "a US. he
Intelligent citizen cannot fully understand
them and that ths rates OF taxation should be
who are to receive the taxes.
We have believed that the first step toward
reform OF the tarin should be a release OF
taxes on the materials OF Industry. There can
be no substantial and beneficial reduction up-
on the necessary clothing and other comforts
OF the American people. nor any suLstantial
and beneficial enlargement Of the field Of
American labor: as long as we tax materials |
and processes ot production. Every tax anon
the PRODUCER falls with increased force on the !
consumer. Every tax on the producer in this |
country is protection to his competitors in |
all other countries, and so narrows his market
As to limit the number and lessen the wages OF
those to whom he can give employment. Every
cheapenlng In the cost or enlargement OF the |
supply ot his raw materials, while yri- !
marily inuring to the bonetit OF the manufac- |
Immediately and passes entirely to the con-
sumeT, who very soon gets even more benefit |
because with the rapid widening OF his market |
tho manufacturer Is able to sell at u smaller |
TITS therefore very narrow and short-signt- |
ed view which supposes toat We release the |
duties on iron ore and coal and wool and other |
like articles for the benefit OF those who manu- |
facture our iron. steel, woollen. and other fab
rics We are iegisating for the great millions |
OF consumers beyond them. and Tor the scores |
of thousands o. laboreTs to whom they may |
thns give steady and welllpsid en- mployment,
that suppOses that a removal Of the tarifr
duties on such necessaTies OF Industry will in
fllct any real loss upon those who produce
them Ia our own countTy. The enlargement
Of markets for our products In other co untries,
the increase In the internal commerce and In
Insure growing home market for all these
things that will quickly OutstTfp anything they
could have under the pro teutiyo system
ron ani cuali arc the basis Of modern In
dustry. Tho abundance aud cheapnOss OF
their supply offers US in many lines Of pro-
duciIon the manufacturing supremacy Of the
world While the mines OF other countries
are becoming exhausted and the cost OF min
lhg IN consequence Is increasing we are con- |
stantly Discovering and developing new
sources Of supL.E The discovery OF the I'M
menss beds 9i liessemer ores In the lake region
AMI OF foundry ores in several Of the Southern
States, lhrlT cOnNeniencs for tTansuortatiOn
and FOR the assemhlage OF materials. the use
OF the steam shovel in mining. all these have
DO eheaPened tho cost Of DrQ iucing dig iron
hhd steel a. u take away all possibility and
danger Of foreign conn etition In almost every
art OF the country. Not lees rapid have been
the growth Of our coal production. 4 hs coal
area oi the Iuttai htatss. MS stated by MIR
hawari IN the UI BHds Tor ls.EI is estimatei
AZ 1000 square niles Of which ia. 400 canLs
worked at present. This coal
area IL over three tlmes larger than that OF the
rest OF the world combined, The existing duty
Of 10 cents ton on iron ore aud on bltuminous
coal cannot DO justified either as a protective
Or revenue duty. The imuortAtions into this
country are too small TO add m Saerally TO our
revenue, while no one contends that the cost
li mining is liRlsF in Ila fnit.d Stataa TO- |