The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-04-23

dom In the form OF an nuoress from tne cor
p~oratiou enclosed In an elegant gold boz.
As regards educational institutions, We nm
that steps were taken very soon after tn,
evacuation to put Kings College. now Colum
bia-then the only college in the stste-on
good working basis During the war. thu
building had been used ss q hospital by thu
| British, who had rf1ed its library. The Presi
dent had given instructions in q private
house. and. although the rudimsnts o.
a faculty continued to exist, very lit
tie seems to have been accomplished
The first commencement. after "a 10
mented interval OF many years." was held
April11. 1856. College place OF to-day marks
the site OF the original structure. which was
long and high. three stories high. built OF free
stone. with q very high fence around It The
religious denomination remained OF nearly
the same relative strength as before the war.
There were the three Dutch Reform churchea.
which had been turned into hospitals. store.
houses. and riding schools by the enemy dur
ing the revolution. The Protestant Episcopal
Church was represented by three parishes.
Trinity. 81. Paul's. and 81. Georges. Trinity
Church was destroyed by the great fire oil
September. 1886. and 1t was not till August.
1873. that tho corner stone for a now building
was laid. There were. in addition. two Ger
man Lutheran churches. one Moravian
church. one Methodist. one Baptist. one no
man Catholi, church. one Friends meeting
house. and one jewish synagogue.
On the whole the inhabitants Of New York
city hal hard work to make q living during
the first years after tho Revolutionary war.
The scale OF necessary expenditures had been
raised. but the facilities for earning money
had not kept pace with 1t. 1t was q common
subject OF complaint that the item Of house
rent was out OF all proportion to the con dition
OF business and the average OF income. Before
the war tho highest rental was 600: now
nearly double that sum was demanded Tor
some premises. Even for a house Of mod
crate size in Wall street In 1888 ono had
to pay so and taxes. The taste for lux
uries was increased by the varied importa-
lions Of tho foreign merchants. Wines and
liquors OF many brands were advertised freely.
At tho Universal Store In Hanover square one
could buy almost everything. from carpets
and broadcloths to nails land cheese. Leon
ard Kip's line OF dry goods Included " shall
looms. durants. tammies. autallons. NOR
reens. dorsetseens. satins. persians. tai
mites and tho like" At II Queen street Patrick
Hart 4 Co. announced London c~onsignments
OF taboreens. rattinets. black and colored val
limancoes. checks. Jeans. thread and silk hose.
Irish linens Of oil prices. shoes with common
and French hoels.'' The expanded dresses Of
the women came In for ccnsure. THE article
mean to take notice Of" writes q critic In
1884. us the hoop. which is now SO universally
worn that 1t Is Impossible for n person to walk
the streets without being frequently turned
out OF the way and exposed to the annoyance
OF carts and %coachea" The critic. who was q
father. adds that he cannot afford hoops for
h 10 daughters. The reopening Of the colonial
theatre. which still stood on John street. a
ehort dtofanro oaaf If RroadUay prOvOead
vehement remonstrance from a part Of the in
habitants. Nevertheless. the drama was re-
vived. and. Of course, there were also the
usual jngglers. mountebanka. wax works. and
harlequin farces to amuse shilling siGhtseers.
The heats OF summer found most New York.
era Mt home: but there were pleasant excur-
sions on Manhattan Island. A small party
could drive out to Murray Hill In q hired car
rage and be gone q half q day for fourteen
shillings: for two shillings more they might 60
on to Braice's Point. opposite He'll Gate. For
sixteen shillings one might 60 up the west side
to Apthorpe's. at Ninety-second street. which
recently was known as Elm Park. From that
point one could walk q mile beyond along tho
old Bloomingdale Road. and find himself on
Harlem Heights Battlefield" To 90 to Har-
lem was q days excursion. and cost thirty
eight shilllngs: to Kingsbridge. forty. As to
4<SA6 xSkohSh IAN shSAA
were just beginning to be known. In 1850
about o dozen respectable persons. including
two or three New Workers. were stopping at
a wretched tavern at Saratoga There Is
no convenience for bathing" writes a
traveller. except an open log hut with q large
trough. similar to those in use for feeding
swine. This trough receives the water from
the spring. and into 1t you roll from OF a
BENCH" About tho same time appeared In
one Of the New York papers an advertisement
Offering q farm for sale at the place called
Long Branch. near Shrewsbury. In Monmouth
county. In the State OF New Jersey" 1t was
described as charminely situated for a gen.
tleman's country seat. for a house OF entertain
ment for the great concourseo OF people that
every year fly to this sweet spot from the
~fatigues OF business and the want OF health to
inhale pure air and tasto true delight"
In its exterior appearance the city steadily
improved after 1888 For some months. in
decd. the burned districts.th ruined churches
and public buildings. the dllapidated dwell
ings. stores. and docks and the wretched
streets were syesores. By 1875. however.
much had been done in the way OF clearing up.
repairing. and building: much more was done
by 1850. The greater portion OF the town still
lay east Of Broadway. and stretched out to
Grand street. As the houses were not very
high. and garden fronts and open spaces inter-
vened. Broadway commanded . delightful
prospect OF the Hudson. There were as yet
few imposing residences on 1t. In this
street." says tho Rev. Manasseh Cutler In
1887. tho gentry ride every morning and
afternoon In their carriages. which are gen.
orally very grand. and are principally coaches.
chariots. and phaetons. The common people
ride In open chairs" Wall street was much
more elegant" William was the dry goods
street. Pearl street. then Queen. surpassed
any in tho city. being wide and more than a
mile and q half long. The buildings" Cutler
records. are grand, from four to six stories
high. and tho sides Of the street within the
post are laid principally with freestone. SUM-
ciently wide for three persons to walk ABREAST
The new houses going up were frame or brick.
or. rs the insurance statements OF the time
represent. most OF them were frame buildings.
with brick or stone fronts and the sides filed
in with brick. Noah Webster tells us that In
1885 not many houses remained built after the
old Dutch style. Water privileges were lin
tied. Most Of the people, says Webster.
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