Morning journal and courier., 1893-10-03

to set foot. With the abolition of slavery
he still retained his lands and built ur
another fortune with the assistance of the
negroes to whom he has bequesthed every
thing.
The reason that the mixture of tungsten
with steel gives the latter 60 great degree
of hardness that 1t readily scratches glass
and quartz seems to bs revealed by dis
covery recently made in Germany. A def.
nitely orystsllizsd compound of iron and
tungsten has been discovered, the crystals
being 80 hard as to scratch topaz. Tung-
sten is brittle white metal, almost as
heavy as gold. The crystals are formed
by its combination with iron in the pro-
portion of enc atom of iron to two OF
tungsten, are silver-grsy and very brilliant.
1t is thought that when tungsten Is alloyed
with steel some of the compound just de-
scribed Is formed in the mass, thereby pro-
ducing the remarkable increass In hardness
of the steel. This is an interesting exam
pie of the value that one metal may lend
to another, for until the discovery that II
could be used in hardening steel, tungsten,
although 1t occurs in consIdsrable sbund-
ance, was practically useless and without
value.
There are good many people who are
not contented unlees they are collecting
something. One of the latest fads is the
organization of postal card society for
the collection OF postal cards. The society
numbers over one hundred members, scat
tered in all parts of the world. 1t seems
almost incredible that, although postal
cards have only been in use since 1869,
there are over eight thousand varieties, and
there is only one collection known to be
complete. Germany first ueed postal cards
during the Frsnce-Prussisn war, and they
were sold to the soldiers at the rate of five
for cent. These are now very rare, the
used ones being scarcsr than the unused
ones. During the same war France used
the balloon postal card during the siege of
Paris. The cards were sent up from Paris
in balloons, and the mailbsgs were thrown
off into the surrounding country. These
are also very rare. The United States did
not adopt postal cards until 1878.
Russian and Polish Jews depend good
deal on their rabbIs. Concerning this mat
ter Rabbi Epatein of ST. Louis says: There
is in all the large cities of the country a
very close approach to extra territorial
juIisdiotion" among certain classes of for
eigrers, although It is ecclesiastical in all
it's surroundings, and patrisrchsl in its
character. The Influence welded in ST.
Louis among the colony of POlaudsrs and
Russians by priests aud rsbbis, as the case
may be, Is almost absolute in the reguis-
ton of internal and domestic discussions
The rabbi of a foreign-spesking orthodox
congregation rules his flock with an iron
or gentle hsnd, as his diplomatic sense or
policy may suggest. He assumes the
course that is most likely to perpetuate his
power in ell temporal matters, but in af-
fairs spiritual he is as stern and uncom-
promising as Abraham. His authority In
the matter of dissolution of the marital
tie Is absolute and unquestioned, and any
action of the civil courts of tho land cut
no figure whatever should they conflict
with the law as defined by the rabbi. -'