The record-union., 1893-09-08


upon all alike. The field for labor is wide and
open TO all. The agriculturist of to-day Is not
the agriculturst of fifty years ago. He is the
scholar, the student and the business man.
Science has lent her aid to his vocation and
opened up to him the secrets of nature. Es-
pecially Is this so in horticulture, which de-
mands the highest skill and most accurate
learning. To be able to learn trade is a
fortunate thing, but in the condition of the
world to-day the mechanic is more or less de
pendent, as every mechanic sadly knows.
The whole domain of industry offers no
greater surety than agriculture of realizing
what the farmer Robert Burns called the
GLORIOUS privilege of being independent"
Agriculture in all its branches is the recip-
lent OF the States fostering care. Expert
ment is not left to the individual alone. No
state expendS so much as California does for
the Advancement of the farmers interests.
There are organized the State Agricultural
Society, and thirty-eight district societies,
State Horticultural Society, and State Board
of Nittculture for which and for the holding
of citrus fairs, there is annually appropriated
an average OF S150,00O.
Besides these societies the University OF
California and the Stanford University have
each department of agriculture and hortt-
culture ana the University of California is
conducting six or seven experimental sta
tions in different parts of the State. What is
success in life? Ask yourself the question.
1t is trite to talk about the accumulation OF
wealth, of the very rich and the very poor,
but 1t is patent to every man that the ques-
ton viii not down. We hear the murmur of
discomfort on every breeze from the East We
see the expression of the longing for Il home
that exists III the heart of the English-speak-
ing people in the almost mad rush OF thou
sands of people to obtain piece OF land in
the country lately opened tor settlement by
the United States.
In the condition of the present unrest, in
the unharlnOniOus relation between capital
and labor, there is a clamor for laws TO miti-
gate the evils complained Of. 1t is the Euro
pean idea that the Government must inter-
fere. The American idea is that the man is
the unit and that the less the Government IN
terferes with his conduct the less his energies
are restrained. 1t seems to me to be wise
craftsmanship to direct action rather than to
legislate after the effect OF action has been
felt. The hope of the country lies in chang
ing the centerS OF population from the cities
to the country. In 1900 one-twenty-flfth OF
the entire population of the United states
lived in SIX cities; in 1910 one-tWentieth in
eleven cities; in $50 2Oone-tWentleth In thirteen
cities; in $50 onc-eighth in eighty-tlve cltlesi
in 1870 one-tifth in two hundred and twenty
six cities; in 1850 One-fOurth in TWO hundreu
and eighty-siX cities. 1t is the congestion OF
population in cities which produce tumults,
strikes, envyings and that disparity Of for
tunes which is the fuel which feeds the flames
Of socialism and anarchism.
Congress to-day is in travail over the SILVER
question, if its solution solely was the
panecea for our woes, yet all the speak
ers admit Il quot from leading speech)
that it is to the products OF the
soil Iot the country that the imam
cierS OF the Government look 10 DTlnB DdcR
the gold of Europe to maintain our financial
system" California is an empire and speak
for California alone. l speak to the young
men of the State in the hope that what say
may induce them to seek in agriculture the
vocation that shall give them independence
and q surety of living. For that is success
in life. And right here | am led TO speak of
the opportunities that offer In California for
successful careers.
Irving Scott touched on this question in
a mastery speech before the citizens Of San
I1so,, ri1 of a eul A consider
Midwinter Fair. He pointed out that oppor-
tunites met every man, and that the progress
ola people lay in their energy and enterprise
rather than in their environments or local
advantages. He cited the city OF Aberdeen,
now the cheapest place in the world for the
construction of ships, but which has not
single natural advantage. Connecticut con-
trolled the copper market of the United States
though the furnaces drew their ore from
Michigan and their coal from Pennsylvania.
In Massachusetts pound OF steel costing 90
cents by manufacturing comes out in the
form of watch screws, is worth $50 per pound.
And so human labor transInutes the raw ma
terial into forms of beauty and higher value.
California is rich in such opportunities. l
confine myself to those connected with rural
life In a message to the Legislature Governor
Markham stated that there was imported into
the State in 1899 the following food products:
Live stock, 10000 tons; wool, 1900 tons;
poultry, 600 tOnsj eggs, 5000 tons; meats
and paCking-hOuSe products, 10000 tons;
cotton, 1000 tons; cheese, 1,S00 tons; hay,
1900 tons; potatoes, 5000 tons; flour, 1900
tons; starch. /, 500 tons. Weimported in 1892
7 500 600 pounds of lard, 1,3OO, 600 pounds
OF lard oil, and $4,000 one-pound cans, or
thirty carloads of condensed milk. All these
could be supplied by our own farmers. To
the agrculturist in the East such n statement
is q revelation, and II known, as it should be,
should induce thousands OF immigrants to
the state. But there are opportunities for
new crops At a late meeting of the State
Board Of Trade, of which am a member, rep
resenting Colusa County, W. H. Mills stated a
conversation he had had with Dr. Otto Salo-
mon of Germany who was studying the re-
sources OF California. he was amazed at the
resources OF the State and the wasteful use OF
our products. 1t is well known that Califor-
mia produces the best sole leather In the
world, and could produce the finest quality of
other leather if we had the tanning material
! in abundance. The chestnut oak, from which
we produce the tanning necessary to the pro-
duction OF leather. is fast disappearing. But
| Dr.. Solomon says that the black waffle OF
| Australia would grow luXurianty in this
State. The bark OF the black waffle produces
| 22 per cent. of tannic acid and sells in Lon
don for S42 per ton, while the bark of our
oak contains only s per cent. The cheap
labor OF Germany would not be a bar TO the
success OF our tannerieS because the German
tanner only works ten hides per day, while
the American can work thirty per day. And
the difference in the product is due TO the bet
ter living and quicker action OF the Ameri-
can.
The cultivation of sugar beet offers one of
the most profitable fields Of industry. Rich
ard Gird of Chino, San Bernardino County, in
Governor Markham for distribution at the
Worlds Fair. gives the production of beet
sugar in California in 1892 at 21.0S3,32
pounds and the total production in the United
| States at 21,0S3, 1922 pounds. The annual
consumption of sugar in the United States is
1875 100000 pounds. To produce that
amount il would warrant the creation of 500
factories of the capacity Of the one at Chino.
The San joaquin and sacramento Valleys are
eminently fitted for the production Of sugar
beets and ii only needs the stimulus of capi-
tai to engage the interest Of the farmer in
these rich sections Of the State The average
tonnage is fifteen per acre, the average price
paid at the factory is 50 per ton and the aver
| age cost OF production is $50 per acre.
Tobacco promises 10 be a paying crop in
this State. Mr.. Culp, the pioneer tobacco
planter in the State, assures me that Calitor-
MIA can produce the best cigar leaf in the
United States. The average yield will be from
1000 to 1000 pounds OF cured leaf. Wrap
per tobacco is worth fifty cents per pound and
other leaf twenty TO twenty-five cents per
pound.
Tree culture is no doubt profitable. Locust
| timber is in demand at high prices. This is
| the practical part of this address. My aim is
| to point out the innumerable resources open
| SrNF rgnfn aln Of r,~. DTa