davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

perform the service daily. In 1877 the
old coach was captured by Indians,
and after hot pursuit by General o.
! o. Howard was recaptured Before
General Garfield became President he
rode on the coach through the Yellow
stone country, President Arthur sat on
the boot with its driver in 1883 and
General Sherman in 1877 ma ;e trip
, on the ancient vehicle.
Near the old-tiner is the modern
yellow-bodied open coach used in the
Yellowstone Park for CARRYING tourists
, and mail 1t has usurped the proud
position once held by the stage coach,
which Indians used to capture. The
post rider. mounted ON his spirited
broncho, armed with reyolvers and
booted and spurred, tells of the letters
carried over alkali plains. broad
prairies and wild western lands This
mounted group is the admiration of
the small boys, who gaze on it with
wideopen eyes. The pony express
was the original letter-carrier across
the plains, and to-day 1000 mail routes
use ponies and bronchos The Indian
question was a most serious one to the
men who carried mailbags through a
country swarming with redskins In
the dead-letter exhibit is n mail pouch
stained with the blood of post rider
and slashed by the keen blade of the
Indian murderer.
From these exhibits. around which
people gather in wondering groups, to
the mail car, mail-delivery and mail
collecting wagons. the special delivery
messenger astridc the bicycle, and the
familiar city carrier and railway postal
clerk, is coming from the romantic to
the realistic commonplace.
Statistics are usually dry, but the
large tabulated postal statistics from
l775 to 1898 are always the center of
an interested group The totals reach
almost incredible figures and demon
strate the enormous business trans
acted by the Posto.licc Department
Benjamin Franklin was the first post
master general. He was appointed by
the Continental Congress July 26,
l775, and apparently made no report
of the work done i'll his department
Samuel Osgood. appointed September
26, 1879, who was the first postmaster
general Of the United States to hand
down reports, had seventy-tive post
Offices to look after in 1889, and 2275
miles of post routes. The gross revenue
for the year amounted to $3.50, and
postmasters were paid S1657 for sal
aries. The total number of mail
pieces of all kind handled was 500, 900,
evidently un estimate.
At the close of the fiscal year. 1892,
there were 67, ,l19 postoffices in this
country The extent of post routes
aggregated it7, 59i miles, the miles OF
mail service performed reached the
amazing total of 500. 0S7, 695. the gross
receipts were SO, $50, 475 and the post
Offices cost S76, 900, s46. There were
2.543. 270. 210 ordinary postage stamps
issued. 593, 6S4, 700 stamped envelopes
and wrappers, 5ll.433. 500 postal
cards. OF registered letters Is. 26o,-
094 were carried and 6,7sl. $50 pieces
went to the dead-letter office. The
domestic money orders issued
amounted to $3.50, ,066, S01 and S15,-
1902 were sent by international
money orders. During the year the
Postotfice handled 4, 776, 575, 076 pieces
of mail matter of all kinds.
From 1851 to 1888 the postal rate
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02
..OnychOpagy.o

VI. Berillon, French doctor, who
has been directing his attention for
some time past to the study of nail
biting, or, as he call it. onychophagy,
finds that habit or disease extremely
common. In public school in Paris,
out of 265 pupils examined, during
the month of April last sixty-three.
that is to say. nearly one-fourth, were
addicted to biting their finger nails.
Curiously enough, results vary greatly
in different districts and in different
schools in the same district. 1t seems
that girls are more given to the habit
than boys. In one girls school in the
Department of the Yonne eleven ont
of twenty-one were confirmed nail
biters. In another girls school the
proportion was sixty-one out of 207
pupils. and of those sixty-one fifteen
were found to be in the habit of biting
the nails of both hands, and the others
of biting only those of one hand. NJ.
Berillon recognizes that nervousness
has much to do with the habit, and he
proposes to cure it by means of s.sug-
gestion." Probably it would be more
effectnal to make the victims wear
gloves or finger stalls. London News.
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

is so light that il could follow sprink-
ling cart. The Oklawha can travel in
eighteen inches of water.
Much handsomer is the model OF the
City of st. Louis, side-wheel mail
packet that brings letters to the river
towns on the Mississippi.
An oldtime Rocky Mountain mail
coach, swung on its leather straps.
with its boots full of mail sacks. occu-
pies prominent position. 1t was
built in 1865, and was among the first
to carry the mail in Montana. Once a
week it made the run between Helena
and Bozeman. To-day four mail trains
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

81 every person who passes the stuffed
group in the Postoiiice exhibit.
The dogs harnessed to the toboggan
loaded with the mail pouches were alive
and in actual service hast winter haul
ing mail out OF Sault Ste Marie. The
wax figure Looping alongside is good
likeness of the Indian who drove the
team. From his snow shoes to the
tassel of his wooden cap the Indians
costume is faithful copy of the
clothes which enabled the bronze faced
mail courier to brave ten-foot snow
and forty degree below zero ther-
mometer. This group is one of the
exhibits which show how mail is tran
sported in this country.
Few consider what they are doing
when they stick a two-cent stamp on
m addressed envelope They know
that the person whose name and ad-
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

these valuable sheep feeding on her
pastures within few years. This
time we will select larger number
and on their arrival in this country
will Diet ,in thema much longer time
than were tine Government sheep. So
as to give them an opportunity to re-
coup their strength after the very
weakening ocean voyage. Then two
or three stops will be made before
they finally reach California. BY tax
ing this care in transportation we hope
to have better luck than did Secretary
Rusk. New York World.
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02
CARRYING MAII.
THE POSTOFFICE EXHIBIT AT
THE WORLDS FAIR.
How the Little Two-Cent Stamp
Transports Letters in All Kinds
fConveyances-- Magnitude
of the Postal Service.
n PPER Michigan

PPER Michigan
mail is transported
on dog-sleds in the
winter. Can inc
letter-carriers are
not beautiful to
the eye and it is
doubtful if they
would even be nj
lowed To enter a
cross roads bench
show, but there is
IA brisiness-like look
about "A tandem
dog team that Mt
tracts The attention
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

are printed in large white narEs and
figures on the rim of the circle The
degrees can be readily seen from the
floor and give merely an approximate
reading. This is called the ''coarse
circle" The fine circle for accurate
reading is placed ON the declination
axis near the tube, and is read by the
observer from the eye end by means OF
small telescope.
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02
Her Tongue Slipped.

The venerable head of the house
hold tore his hair and stamped about
as though breaking in new shoes,
while he discussed the last gas bill.
@Hcre, Ruth!" he shouted, that
young Slimjim is not to spend an
other evening here. Understand?
Not another evening. I'll have no
such bills to pay in the future. |
could rent fine residence on Jeffer-
son avenue for what I'm paying out
here for gas. You want TO serve
notice on that young man this very
evening, and II he won't mind you.
I'll see that he minds me. Under
stand? / mean business. "But,
papa" hastily interrupted the fair
light of the household, I'VE never use
any gas to speak of after you and ma
retire." and she rushed upstairs with
her handkerchief in her mouth be.
cause OF the break she had made and
the old gentleman decided on the
spot that human nature had changed
but little since he courted in the
days Of kerosene lamps. Free Press.
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

Mrs. wISsLow's SOOTHING SYRur has been
used by mothers for their children white
teething. II sooihes the chill SOFT ns the
gums. allays all pam. cures wind 60 ic GU
lates the stomach and bowe :, and is the be
remedy for DiarhGa. 1wcniy-fy cents u
bottle. SO d by all druggists throu hout the
world. b sure andssk for "MRs WixsLow's
81 oTHING SYRur
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02
A BIG SPY-GLA>S.
THE YERKES STELESCOPE n THE
LARGEST IN THE WORLD.
II was Presented to the University
of Chicago and is ON Exhibition
at the Worlds Fair The
Instrument Described.

y the north end
of ia" Manufac-
tures Building.
says the Chicago
Record. the larg-
est reFrac ting
tel scope in this
word points its
tube toward the
north star.
Nj ost L: n
would coDsitlc.
u sl,y-glass which
weighs seventy
five tons some
thing of an opti-
cal instrument,
and faw nennle
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

Board. He wished to show the de
velopment of the service and has sue
ceeded admirably. No greater con
trast could be found than is formed by
the two models of ocean mail steamers.
There is model of the old Southe nsr,
the first ocean steamship built to carry
United States mail. Forty years ago
it did the service which is now per-
formed by nautical greyhounds such Is
the City of Paris of the International
line, whose beautiful model is placed
near the old ship.
A queer mail, IRyier is the 0klawha,s
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

which runs CT the river of TIA. name
in Florida. Assuming that the model
is a good miniature. the Oklawha is all
above water, r regular floating house.
According to General Hazen its draft
Democratic messenger., 1893-09-02

A buffalo bull was seen recently by
a stage driver on the desert near
Rawlins, Wyoming. 1t is supposedto
be one of small herd that is still run
ming wild.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1893-04-07
WHICH is RIdHTP
Suit Over Commissions for Getting
Bill Through the Legislature.

A~-tA NAAS
a suit arising out of the winding up of
the American Sugar Refining Company
some years ago came before Justice Cook
yesterday.
The plaintiff is P. II. Cahil, 343 Tehama
street. and the defendant John T. Derham,
1913 Clay street. Both were employed as
watchnen along with fourteen others to
look alter the property of the company
during the winding-up process.
The watchmen filed their claims, amount
Ing altogether to about $4,000, and they
were approved by the State Board of Ex-
aminers.
A bill was presented to the Legislature
two years ago, giving effect to the report Of
the Board of Examiners, and passed. but the
Controller Of the FeaSury reused to pay
the claims. The matter was taken into the
courts, and ended by the Supreme Court
giving Judgment In December last in favor
OF the claimants.
During all this time Derham and CahilI
were acting for several other of the claim
ants, who agreed to pay them commission
for pushing the matter through. They went
to Sacramento several times and helped to
get the bill passed, and did various other
things in bringing the case to a satisfactory
conclusion.
Both sides emphntically deny that they
were lobbyists in the usual acceptation of
the term or spent nickel in getting the bill
through the Legislature.
The amount of the commissions received
by Derham Tor himself and Cahil, accord
ing to the latter's statement, was S675. He
sues for one-half that amount. S337 80, less
$50 paid on account; balance due, S238 so.
Derham, on the other hand. asserts that
the total commission received was $780,
He paid S215 Tor his own and CahlPs legiti-
mate expenses. which left S435 TO be divided
between them, or S217 80 each. and when
the proper time cones he will be able to
show Cahill's receipt for this amount. He
therefore holds that he is not owing the
plaintiff cent.
The case was adjourned for q week at
the request Of the defendants attorney.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1893-04-07
COLLEGE BOYS AT BAT.
The Stanford Team Plays a Fine
Practice Game.

EtaCtECe RdIEe.
From present indications the Berkeley
team Will have to work hard on Saturday to
beat the Stanford men. Yesterday the Palo
Alto team scored another victory by beating
the San Maieo team.
They won by score Of 10 to 1 and played
an errorless game. II they play such ball
at the Haignt-street grounds on Saturday
the team from across the bay Will stand
little chance Of winning.
Inc Berkeley men have improved consid-
eraby since their first game with the Oak
land professionals, but still their playing is
rather uncertain. If they do lose it will not
be from lack Of hard work, for besides prac-
ticing ON the diamond they take regular
gymnasium work. This, exercise Is given
under the direction Of Mr. Magee, the in
structor in physical culture. lie first works
them at the cheslweights and then makes
them run mile each day.
Every aftern Don they practice con-
scientiously, but the students seem to know
nothing oil II, for they never come down to
The practice games.
A different state Of affairs exists at Palo
Alto. The students there are enthusiastic
over the prospect Of their team ana they
give it the necessary encouragement
The Stanford men have worked hard
during this season. Last week they had
vacation, bnt instead of going home they
StN"'tNN o. s'VEo anu pIdctiCtu. lEey
have arranged Tor match games for this
week, aud the first one was PLAYED Tuesday
against tie St. Matthew's team.
The game was played at San Mateo. The
weather was perfect for baseball and the
new diamond was In excellent condition.
but was great deal too fast for the in.
fieiGers Of the Sau Mateos to handle the
hot drives sent at them by the stanford bat
tiers. Dayey of the ST. Matthews did tho
catching and played good batting and
running game. He scored the only run for
his side. Following is tie sccre:
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1893-04-07
CORBETT IN CLAY.
Sculptor GulieIn1o Makes
a Statue.
Made Up From Ideas of What the
Champion Looks Like and From
Pictures of Him.

Tie California Apollo. "Our Jim" Cor
bett, has never been so trUthfully repre-
sented in picture or clay as in the image
just finished by Victor Gulielmo at the
Happersherger studio on Park avenue.
Few have been permitted to look upon
the statue thus far, as the sculptor has re-
fused to allow any but his intimate friends
to view it until it shall have received its
finishing touches. BY those who have
seen the statue it is pronounced the finest
piece of art of its kind ever seen on the
Pacific Coast. Mr.. Gulielmo undertook the
work for the purpose of showing what he
could do, aud in its completion has estab-
lished himself in the foremost ranks of
modern sculptors. The statue Is feet 6
inches in height and is at present nodded in
clay. but will be cast at once in bronze and
plaster of paris.
The champion puGilist is represented as
standing in an attitude of defense with
watchful eye ard trained muscle. A feat
ure OF the work which makes it especially
creditable TO the sculptor is the fact that he
did the work entirely from ideas gained
from pictures and an examination of ath-
letes resembling the hero. The work DEM
onstrates that the manhood of California
offers the best of models to the artist and
his chisel. This statue seems to be bring
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1893-04-07
THEY HAVE A CLEW.
Hawkshaws on the Trail
of the Dynamiters.
The Explosive Probably Stolen With a
Lot of Contractors Tools
Some Time Ago.

The police are hard at work trying to find
the raseals who on Tuesday attempted to
blow up tie tug Ethel and Marion with
dynamite.
So far but little has been discovered that
may lead to a solution of the problem. and
there seems to be hardly any chance of
tracing the dynamiters.
1t will be remembered that it was only
owing to an accidental severing of the fuse
which was attached to the explosives
which had been placed on the piston rod of
the little steamer, that the plot Of Destroy
ing the tug and every one on board of her
was foiled.
The Ethel and Marion being in the employ
OF the Ship-owners' Association it was SUP
posed that some disgrnnted individuals
had something TO do with the placing of an
internal machine on board of her, and there
are some who still adhere to that theory.
The clew the police is following, however,
although still faint one, is not altogether
hopeless, and the detectives have not as yet
despaired of making a discovery soon.
They are now searching every junkshop
ana other places where second hand tools
can be sold for a lot Of shoYels. axes,
crowbars. etc, stolen soma two months ago
from A E. Buchanan, the contractor
AT The time when these tools were taken
from box ont on Steiner and Hayes streets,
the thieves also carried off some giant DOW
der and about twenty-five dynamite caps
like the ones found on the tugboat.
This lot Of dynamite is the only one OBJ
tanned by parties unknown in the city, for
every place where high explosives are sold
has been visited and every pound sold by
them has been traced.
TIE officers hope By finding some of the
tools. which are all marked, to be- able to
locate the men who stole them and thereby
find out what they have done with the dy-
Mantle caps.
In this roundabout manner The seoun-
drels. whose desire WAS to wantobly de-
str0y lives and property, may be found and
panished.
Superintendent Charles e. Hutch inson
OF Buckman'S establishment is assisting the
detectives IN their effort to locate some of
the tools.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1893-04-07
THE CROWDED JAIL
Danger of a PestiIenCe
Breaking Out.
City Physician Brown and the Chief
JaiIer Testify as to the Con-
dition of the Jail.

The application OF Sheriff MeDade for
permission to transfer prisoners from the
County Jail TO the House of Correction
was heard this morning before Judges
Murphy and CARRIER.
District Attorney William S. Barnes was
on hand to put IN formal testimony show
ing thatthe jail was too small TO properly
accommodate the swarms of accused felons
now lodged within it, and for this purpose
Chief Jailer 7. !. Fitzgerald was first called
to the stand and asked to explain the case.
ITS just this way" he said; about 100
prisoners can properly be accommodated in
the Jail aud that's about all. Now there
are 2l2. l have measured the jail thor
oughly. The largest cells only contain
abOut J60 cubic feet, and should hold two
or three men, while at the present time
they are holding five or six"
Have a like number of men ever been
confined in that jail before ~
No, sir, not that l am able to ascertain,
after going over the records. The most
that has ever been lncarcerated at one time
is about 175."
City Physician Brown was called to the
stand and testified that there was great
danger OF peStllence.
what are the special dangers to which
the inmates are now subjectedp was
asked.
well, l consider that an epidemic of
typhus fever and malaria is likely to break
out at any time. The sewerage is bad, aud
always has been, for that matter, in tho
County jail. Now, a such times as these,
when the jail is oYercrowded, the bad sewer
age becomes an especial source of danger.
At the present time the e1liuvium arising
from the sewer in The vicinity OF tile jail is
absolutely nauseatlng."
DO yeu consider it any worse thnu the
steerage Of a Ship" asked Judge CARRIER.
DECIDEDLY so" was the answer. THE
breeZes which always blow to 4 greater OF
less extent at sea manage to get into ship
IN little cracks. through the open hatchways
and down pipes. while in the jail there Is
little or no ventilation whatever Think a
number OF the prisoners should be removed
without delay"
We think the House of Correction is the
proper place." said District Attorney
Barnes.
The statute is emphatic on the point
that the Sheriff must have control of the
prisoners" SAID Judge Murphy.
Il have made arrangements with the
authorities in charge OF The House of Cor
rection," answered Mr.. Barnes, "and they
have agreed to be sworn in as deputy
sheriffs and take charge Of the men. They
will, therefore. be still in charge of the
Sheriff"
The case was taken under advlsement
until tomorrow.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1893-04-07
DUNN'S TEMERITY.
He Wants Placer County
Fares Reduced.
So He Files a Complaint With Rail-
road Commission-Ri Riding at
Ten Cents a Mile

If r. L. Dunn Of Auburn, Cal, dares to
come near the Railroad Commission Office
he VIII meet with warm reception.
The bailiif is lying in wait for him with a
shotgun, and ferocious bulldog purchased
for the occasion is impatiently Juggling on
his chain, wild with anxiety to get hold of
Mr.. Dunn's Placer County calves with his
teeth.
And it would serve Mr.. Dunn right, too,
if he were violently dealt with, because he
had the temerity to disturb the serenity of
Commissioner Litchfield. to add another
wrinkle 10 Banker Beckman's corrugated
brow and to swell Jim" Rea's swelled
head several sizes larger.
Mr. Dunn has fled a complaint.
a real, actual, bona iide com plant.
What does this man from the gateway of
California mean by complaining TO tie
Railroad Commissioners about passenger
rates?
Does he expect these S12,000-a-year off,
Gals to work for their salaries?
Ii he thinks that Litchfeld, Beckman and
Rea care anything about how much he has
10 pay to ride from Bowman Spur to Au-
burn or to Clipper Gap, he is very much
mistaken.
Supposirg Mr. Huntington does charge
thirty-tiye cents for three-mile ride where
the fare ought TO be only fifteen cents, whv
should the Railroad Commission be bothered
with complaint about il?
There is only one way to deal with such
people as Mr. Damn, and that is to get bull.
dogs and sh0tguns ready for them
Besides when Great Mogul Stubs Of the
Southern Pacific Company was Informed of
Mr.. Dunn's demand Cor a reduction of the
fare mentioned his answer was that The
people up there ought to be glad that they do
not have to pay even a higher rate an the
one now charged, because the records show
mat only seven passengers took the ride
last year.
So that settles Mr.. Dunn and he will soon
find that he made big mistake in writing
out a complaint.