davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18
THE POWER OF TELESCOPES.
The Largest Bring the Moon Nearer to Us
Than Boston Is.

The Largest Bring the Moon Nearer to Us
Than Boston Is.
From the Chicago Herald.
The following careful statement by Prof. E.
S. Holden on the power of the eye and the teie-
scope, as they are contrasted in actual expert
ence, is of special and permanent interest:
If the brightness of a star seen with the eve
alone is one. with n pinch telescope it is 100
times as bright, with 4-inch telescope it is
400 times as bright. S-inch telescope it is / 600
times as bright, 16-incn telescope it is 6. 400
times as bright, 32-inch telescope it is 25. 900
times as bright, 36-inch telescope it is 80. 400
times as bright. That is, stars can be seen
with the 36-inch telescope which are 30. 900
times fainter than the faintest stars visible to
the naked eye. While the magnifying power
which can be successfully used on the 5-inch
will permit magnifying power of more than
example.
This power cannot be used on the moon and
planets with real advantage for many reasons.
but probably power of 1000 or 500 will be
the maximum. The moon will thus appear
under the same conditions as it it were to be
viewed by the naked eye at a distance of. saw.
200 miles. This IL the same as SAYING that
objects about 800 feet square can be recognized,
that no village or great canal or even large
edIfice can be built on the moon without our
knowledge. Highly organized life on the moon
will make itself known i'll this indirect way il
il exists. Ii one were looking at the earth
under the same conditions the great works Of
hydraulic mining or the great operations
of Dakota farms or California ranches would
be obvious.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18
FAITH CHAPEL

Their operations came to standstiil At this
critical juncture John Quincy Adams, who was
then serving his second term with President
Monroe as Secretary of State. made the infant
organization loan of 81. 00o, stating that they
could take their time in paying him This WAS
a large sum Of money in those days. and with it
the structure was soon completed. 1t was known
rs the Second Presbyterian Church. and was
during the early years of its existence. in very
prosperous condition Among the names en-
rolled as the first members are found Mr.. Colds
borough, the father OF Admiral Goldsborough;
John McCielland, George ellis and DR.. Lowell.
The loan of Mr.. Adams paid gradually, and
ing his long official residence in this city, his
pew rent was regularly deducted. 1t was
not until some twenty-five years after the
loan was made that, when Mr.. Adams was
member of Congress. the last dollar was paid,
and Mr.. David McClelland, whose father was
one of the organizers OF the church, remembers
going member Of the board Of trustees to
MIR. Adams house on street. between 18th
and 14th. to pay the last installment with the
accrued interest. The receipt which Mr.. Adams
gave and which remained in the hands of Mr.
McClelland was. during the war. added to a COL
lection OF autographs and sold at fair held in
this city for the benefit Of the hospital service
for $500.
TIE OLD AND NEW SCHOOL PARTIES.
The contest which then going on between
the adherents OF the old and new schools in the
Presbyterian Church at large had a very dis
astrous effect upon the Second Church. In ad-
dition, largo number Of members left the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18
A NOTABLE CHURCH.
Where the Sessions of the General
Assembly Are Held.
T II z LIN o In P E W
The New York Avenue Church, Both Past
and Present-Nodern Methods in Church
work-An Active, Energetic Pastor and
People.

The meeting of the general assembly in the
New York Avenue Church il an historic event
ir the career of a church thai is historic in this
city. 1t is not only the largest in point of num-
bers OF any Presbyterian church at the nations
capital, but it ranks near the top in the denom-
nation in this country. There are only seven
or eight Presbyterian churches that have a
larger roll of members then the New York Ave-
nue.. There over LOCO members and the
limit of growth has not yet been reached. The
capacity of the church has been reached sew
eral times. and when the pressure becomes too
great n swarm leave the old hive and starts a
new center of busy activity. This swarmins
process has been feature OF the history of this
church. 1t began a number of years ago and
is still kept up- The North Presbyterian Church
on n street was originally started as a mission
Of the New York Avenue Church. and this con-
nection was continued until the infant church
was able to form an independent organization.
Gurley Memorial Church. lie Droit Park. was
started q mission of this church. A few
years ago number of families left the church
and formed the Church Of tine Covenant The
church has now two Missions Bethany Mission
at the corner of 18TH and C streets, which was
begun in 1874. and Faith Chapel on NJ street
between AZ and 9th streets southwest, which
was built at cost Of $500 and first occu-
pied in 1891. The latter enterprise is almost
ready to enter upon an independent existence.
This is only one department of church activi-
ties in which this great organization takes
leading and an energetic part
Its benevolences are large and reach out to
oil the different objects which appeal to the
sympathy and support Of the Christian Church.
Last year the total contributions for all pur-
poses reached the large sum of nearly $40, 900.
AN ENERGETIC PASTOR.
At the head OF this important center Of Chris
tian activity Is the pastor, Rev. William Alvin
Bartlett, ID. When he came to the church
eleven years ago the membership WAS &c., while
today it is 1,04s. The increase has been a
steady one, and last year the net gain In mem
bers was sixty-fve. DR.. Bartlett is a good type
Of the modern pastor. He is progressive and 10
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18

discussions and chickering's. but through ii all
the increase in membership, influence and
wealth has been steady and large According
to the statistics of the Northern Presbyterian
Church as contained in the census Of 1890 81
there were then within its limits 6 I'll organiza-
tions, 6,663% church edifces with a seating
capacity of 2.225.044: $50 halls, with a seat
ing capacity Of 57,s05; the value Of church
property aggregated &74 ass 200; the number
of communicates or members was 7SS, 22l
According to last years report Of Rev. VIM. H.
Roberts. stated clerk OF the assembly. the total
contributions Of the church during the year for
all its various objects amounted to S14, 29s, GIL
Efforts have been made in recent years, and
it is still believed they will be crowned with
success, to bring about a union between the
northern and southern churches, which were
separated by the civil troubles between the two
sections.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18

good sense aggressive. and is heartily in favor
of any movement which advances the interests
Of MS denomination both abroad and at home
and at the same time he takes an active part IN
eli enterprises which are designed to improve
the social and moral condition of the commu-
nifty He Is broad minded and thoroughly be-
heves III Christian unity and the co-operation
OF all religious bodies in promoting the welfare
o. the race. In this spirit he some time ago ac-
copied POSITION on the directory of a charita-
bic institution conducted BIZ o religious order
OF the Catholic Church. He Is nov about fifty-
eight years Of age. He breaches without man
uscript and has the power of thinking on his
feet One o. the charms OF his sermons ia the
stimulus nc gives to thought and the intel
lectual atmosphere which is bern of contact
with an earnest. enthusiastic thinker. He il
especially happy in the form Of addresses which
are known as occasional. when he pours forth
the richness of his intellectual equipment with
attractive power. He built the first People's
Tabernacle In Brooklyn, then he went to chi
cage where he was pastor of the Plymouth
Church After pastorate in Indianapolis he
accepted call to his present charge. He was
. commissioner TO the last meeting of the GEN.
eral assembly. which was held in Portland. Ore.
ana II was due to his invitation that the assem-
bly, voted to hold their next meeting in this
city IN extending this invitation Dr. Bartlett
knew the heavy responsibility which it eotaile(.
but he was also aware that he had behind him
the hearty support Of the officers and members
OF MS own church and could count on the ac-
ave assistance OF the Presbyteriars throughout
the District In this expectation he has not
been disappointed The assembly before adj
1ournins. IN accordance with their custom. ap-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18

the New York Avenue Church. As the host on
the occasion OF the general assembly, the New
York Avenue Church will occupy a large share
OF the public attention. The prosperous con-
dirlon OF this great organization of Christian
workers has already been referred to- 1t has
also an interesting past.
ITS CAREER AS A CHURCH
In the early years of the capital city there
were three Presbyterian churches The First
Church, which then occupied building at the
foot of the Capitol. until the removal TO the
present site on AZ street; the Street Church,
which occupied the building now known as
Willard Hall. between 18th and 18th streets,
and the Bridge Street Church in Georgetown,
which has also changed it's location. In the
year lS2O movement was started for the or
gsnization of a new church. and come fifty sig
natures were secured to paper asking permits
sion from the presbytery to form a church to
be located in the northwest. DIR. Lowrie who
was clerk in the Treasury Department, was at
the same time discharging the duties of a pastor
OF the / Street Church. The church also be-
longed to the old school, while those who were
In favor of the new church enterprise belonged
mostly TO the new school The permission to
organize having been obtained, for the first few
years of its organization the new church met
In the first floor corridor of the old Navy De-
partment building, which has recently been torn
down. On Saturday niSn. the chairs were
placed in the corridor ready for the cougrega-
ton that assembled The next day, and on Mon
day morning they were removed before the
clerks arrived. This arrangement was. how
ever, only temporary. and a. soon "a the funds
could be obtained the ground where the present
New York Avenue Church now stands was pur-
chased from Nicholas Biddle, the president of
the famous Bank of the United States
THE ORIGINAL CHURCH BUILDING.
A substantial brick building covering about
the same space occupied by the present build
ing was begun and the work progressed as far
as the roof, when the money gave out and fur
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18
Symptoms.

From Life.
The wife-"There is prescription that the
doctor left for you today when he called and
found you out
The husband-"How did he know what to
give me?'
The wife-'He said that from nv anpear-
ance and symptoms he knew you were suffer
ing from chronic dyspepsia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18
Marc. on q Bust.

From the Queen.
Art Student-"Bust of Marcus Aurellus"
Nouveau Riche-"The present Marquis or tho
late one?'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18
DR.. BRIGGS CASE
The History of the Proceedings as
Officially Set Forth.
THE TEXT OF THE APPEAL

The Charges Founded on Utterances Made
in His Inaugural Address - Action Taken
Before the Presbytery and the General
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS OF Appeal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18

sented by the Rev. s. ]. Mcpherson, ID. d.. ana
others; which protest was ordered to be en-
tered on the minutes Of the assembly without
answer Minutes OF general assembly, 1882,
pages l5S. 205.)
The appeal upon its merits, was then fully
argued BY the appellant and the appellee before
| the general assembly, on May %, 1892 minutes
of general assembly, 1891, page 140), and the
provisions of section 80 Of the book OF disci-
pline having been fully complied with, each IL
| the twenty-five specifications of error was sus-
tanned. The yeas and nays were ordered upon
| the question. '-Shall the appeal be sustained?"
and All commissioners voted to sustain the sp-
peal aud 81 voted not TO sustain minutes Of
general assembly. 1892, page l4i.)
RENAMED FOR A NEW TRIAL
On May 80, 1892, the committee appointed to
draft form of judgment to be entered In the
said case submittedits report and recommended
the form Of decree or order, which was adopted,
| (minutes of the general assembly, 1892, page
| 1922 and is as follows:
1.-The Presbyterian Church in the United
States Of America Rev Charles A. Briggs
ID. D.-Appeal from the judgment of the pres
bytery Of New York dismissing the case.-The
general assembly having. on the 2sth day Of
May, 1892. duly sustained all the specifications
OF error alleged and set forth m the appeal and
specifications in this case.
at is now, May 80. 1892. ordered. that the
Judgment Of the presbytery Of New York, en-
4.
the Presbyterian Church in the United States
of America against Rev. Charles A. Briggs,
ID. d.. be. and the same is hereby, reversed.
And the case is remanded 10 the presbytery Of
New York for n new trial. with directions TO
the said presbytery TO proceed TO pass upon and
determine the suffclency OF the charges aud
specifications in form and legal effect, and to
permit the prosecuting committee TO amend
the specifications charges not changing the
general nature of the same. it, in the further
ance Of justice. it NAV be necessary to amend.
SO that the case may be brought TO issue and
tried on the merits thereof speedily may
be practicable.
And il is further ordered. that the stated
clerk of the general assembly return the record
and certify the proceedings had thereon. with
the necessary papers relating thereto, to the
presbytery Of New York
This mandate of the general assembly was
received by the stated clerk Of the presbyter
of New York and submitted to the presbytery
at its meeting held the 18th day OF June,
1892. when the presbytery
''Resolved, That in the Judgment OF presby-
tery the issue OF the case is impracticaule dur
ing the summer. but will receive the attention
of presbytery its reassembling in the fall"
On the 9th dav of November. 1892. the pres
bytery of New York met, was constituted and
charged. in accordance with rule XL, Of the
general rules for judicatorles. During the first
days session Of the said judicatory, in compli-
ance with the said mandate OF the general
assembly, and the provisions OF section - a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18


however. could not deter him from his course.
In 1704 he made a visit to England and was
gone nearly year. While he was away he
visited London and arranged for the supply of
the congregations with evangelical clergymen.
At least two ministers from Ireland came to the
colonies with him when he returned. These
two men were John Hampton and George Nc
Nish. In 1705 Mr.. Mackenzie came before the
county court OF Somerset to secure the neces-
sary certificates for the exercise OF their minis
try, for though, when he began his labors there
some twenty years before, there was the fullest
religious liberty in Maryland. the Church of
England had become the established church in
1882. and it was therefore necessary tina. these
men should obtain license in order that they
might perform their ministerial functions UNI
disturbed. TIE application in their behalf met
with considerable opposition, but it was finally
referred to the governor, who decided in their
favor.
Soon after Mr.. Mackenzie came back from Eu-
rope the presbyterv of Philadelphia was formed,
but whether this took place in the wear 1906 or
at the close Of 1705 is question that cannot be
determined now on account Of defect in the
presbyterial records The ministers who formed
this presbytery or we're united with it previous
to December. 1706, were Francis Mackenzie,
George McNish John Hampton, Samuel Davis
John Wilson, Nathaniel Taylor and Jededah
Andrews. Mr.. Mackenzie was moderator Of tho
assembly in December. 1706.
In January of the following wear Mr.. Make
mic and Rev. John Hampton were arrested in
New York for having preached without license.
They we're kept in prison for couple of months,
but wero finally released on n writ of habeas
corpus and Mr.. Hampton was discharged. Mr..
Mackenzie returned to stand trial He was
acquitted. but was not released until be had
paid all the fees Of his prosecution, which. in
addition to his expenses, amounted to about
$500.
After his release Mr.. Mackenzie attended the
sessions of presbytery on his way to Virginia
and preached sermon by appointment This
was the last meeting of presbytery he ever at
tended, though it appears from the record of
the next meeting that he had in the meantime
obeyed an order of presbytery to write to Rev.
Mr.. Golden of Oman, Scotland, with reference
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-05-18

Toward the close of this prosperous era 1t
became evident that there was trouble ahead,
and the conflict, partly theological and partly
ecclesiastical began again between the old
school and the new school, For five years the
sessions OF the general assembly were stormy
in the extreme, and in May, 1885, two general
assemblies met in Philadelphia at the same
time. In 1857 the southern churches which
had been allied with the new school assemblies
withdrew and organized under the name of the
United SYNOD OF the Presbyterian Church a"
The old school held together for four years
longer, but its disruption came with the fall OF
Fort Sumter. and the result was that within
twenty-four years the Presbyterian body had
been divided into four, two in the north and
two in the south.
The first formal movement looking to a re-
union of the two factions in the northern
church was made at st. Louis in May, 1866
The two assemblies were in session in that CITY
at the same time. and they both appointed COM
mlttees to confer upon the desirability of q re-
union and to decide upon the methods by
which this end might be brought about. Two
years later the joint committee presented its
plan OF reunion to the two assemblies and this
was the subject OF an overture sent down to the
several presbyterles. In May of the following
year the two assemblies met in New York and
with only nine dissenting votes out of a mem
bership of $50 approved the joint committees
plan. At the adjourned sessions of the assem-
blies in Pittsburg, November IL, 1862 the
breach that had separated them was healed
over effectually. Amid the excited fervor
attendant upon this happy event the PROPOSE
ton was made that the sum Of $1,000 900 be
raised as a special thank Offering This SUBJ
scription when completed actually amounted to
S7.SS3.000 1t was in Philadelphia, however.
that the great reunion assembly of 1870 was
held. There were present $40 commissioners.
representing 81 synods, 259 presbyteries, 1926
churches and 446, $50 communicate members
THE GROWTH OF THE CHURCH
The growth Of the Presbyterian Church in
America has been something at once remarka-
BILE and encouraging. At times there have been
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1893-10-14

machinery who have been forced 10
follow his example have also become
violently insane, laughter and the
millions of farmers who now use the
invention are fit candidates for q
lunatic asylum" Laughter and aP-
plause.
The excursionists left for Alton and
the great Dalrymple farms at I p M
where they witnessed threshin ma
chine at work on a crop of wheat
that was cut from 900 acres by 100
Deering binders-a make that is used
exclusiv, ly by the Dairymples. From
AL on they journeyed to Fargo where
they were royalty received and shown
the marvelou' result of the western
pluck. which in season of hard times
had built soil city of brick and NOR
tar on the bed of ashes that had LAIN
smoking there only ninety days be-
fore. From Fargo, the guests re-
turned to Chicago brimful of enthusi-
assn over the wonders they had seen.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1893-10-14
Monkey. Of Gibraltar.

The monkeys OF Gibraltar rock are
said TO enjoy the rare distinction of
being the only monkeys in Europe not
kept in aptivity. 1t is agreed that
they found footing in Europe long,
long before Spain as Spain was ever
heard of. Re the sea wore away
the land and made what is called the
Strait of Gibraltar Europe and AT lea
were joined to- ether and animals
roamed from one spot to another as
they pleased. When the time came.
however, that the strip of land was at
last swallowed up by the greedy
ocean. the strong current prevented
creatures that were not at home in the
water from crossing to and fro as they
were wont to do. Among the unfor-
tunates whose wanderings were thus
Unexpectedly cut short were many
African monkeys and the rock monk
eys of the whose numbers. it
may be added, are growing less and
less-are undoubtedly descendants of
those prehistoric fel lows. Or course it
follows that the Barbary apes the
living on the African side of
the strait-are the first cousins of the
occu ants of "Gib."
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1893-10-14
The Chesapeake Oyster Industry.


The oyster industry is a very inn
portant one in Maryland in the neigh
borhood of the waters of the Chesa-
peake bay. Indeed, it has been said
that this industry was more fruitful
and important than any other. because
by 1t more people were directly and
indirectly supported. 1t is pos ,ible
that, leaving out agriculture this may
be so, as in the industry more than
20 600 men, women and children ERE
employed. OF these persons about -
co. men are engaged in catching,
while the remaining $4,000 are kept
at work at shellIng, grouping, pack
ing, and SO on.
Th' re are two ways of taking oys-
tiers, d. edging and longing, and in the
season of 'D23 there were over 300 yes
sells engaged in dredging, and great
many more than this in longing. The
crews of dredging vessels vary with
the capacity of the boats, and range
from captain and five men to a cap
tain and twelve men. These men. by
the-way, though they must work hard,
and are exposed to great hardship and
frequently to danger. are not we'll
paid. Therefore a good class of la Dor
is not attracted. A Maryland state
officer who recently investigated the
oystermen of the Chesapeake said that
the dredging crews were made up
from 1.-THE lowest stratum of nearly
all nations on earth" The tong-fs
are of a better class, and are usually
natives of the Chesapeake counties.
The life of the ovstcr-catchor is hard
and thankless, as he can scarcely ever
hope to earn more than enough to
sustain himself meagerly. They are
out in the severest winter weather,
and not infrequently they are very un-
suitably clad for such work. Many
OF the men so employed go out in the
coolest weather, with no heavier body
covering than half-worn flannel shirts
Last winter vessels were frozen up
out in the bay, while the crews were
without either food or water. The
officer before alluded to has expressed
the opinion that If the tender-hear
among the oyster consumers knew
with how much pain and suffering
these bivalves were brought from their
saltwater homes to the dining Ia BILE,
they would not eat them In the happy
frame of mind necessary to q full APP
probation of this finest of all sea-
foods. -Harper's Weekly.