davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
The SOLDIER Pace In Marching.

Apropos Of marching, Col Hutton reminds
us that the marching value Of an army is that
Of its worst regiments rather than Of its best
for We cannot afford to march so as to out
march our worst regiments and thus deplete
them Of their men. The rate Of marching
laid down in the infantry drill. 1s92-that is
100 PAGES Of thirty inches per minute-gives a
rate Of three miles 100 yards per hour, or, in
GLIDING five minutes halt. three miles 200 yards
per ffty-five minutes. This pace is, in the
opinion Of this officer. obviously too great for
the movement Of larger units Of command than
a battalion, or perhaps Of a weak brigade with
out baggage train. 1t IL universally accepted
BY continental authorities that the rate for
marching under campaigning conditions 1 two
and one-hah miles per hour, including five to
ten minutes halt Tho French. who have the
tradition Of being the best marchers in Europe
lay down ia precise form the rate OF march Tor
their infantry at two and forty-eight one-hun-
dredth miles per hour, including ten minutes
halt, giving. therefore, two aud forty-eight one
hundredth miles In fifty minutes, or eighty.
seven and five one-huudredth yards per minute
The Alpine Chasseurs-the pick of the Frencl
infantry. who take special pride in their march
ing powers at the rate Of five kiometerl
or three miles and one tenth. per hour .includins
ten minutes halt, or three and one one
hundredth miles in fifty minutes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08

feasts OF lanterns. her face covered with mask
as was usual. The excessive heat compelled
her to remove 1t, and In order to guard her
features from the common gaze she moved il
quickly to and fro in front OF her face, thus
simultaneously hiding her charms aud cooling
her brow. The idea was at once adopted
throughout the kingdom. Catharine de Med
lei carried the first fan from Italy ever seen in
france, and in the time of Louis XIV the fan,
covered with jewels, was worth a small for
tune Fans were used by the Pharaohs as stand
ards in battle, they appear on the tombstonea
OF Thebes, and Terener, the dramatist, who lived
In the second century B. c., makes one Of bis
characters say, Take this fan and gise her
thus little air." Fans have played their part
in political history. In 1927 the Dew of Algiers.
in an alteration with the French consul, struck
him with fan which he carried. The circum-
stance was reported to Charles Y, his So ereign,
and the result was an expedition to Africa, the
end of which was the deposition Of the dey
and the annexation Of Algiers and its adjacent
territory as q colony of France. France leads
the world in fan making. and one was once
made for the Empress Eugenia which cost
81. 400 and one for the Princess Of Wales valued
at 81 600
Ladies will be interested as to the subject of
mirrors, and the first record concerning them
dates back to the days Of the venerable Moses and
they were made Of brass. When the Spaniards
landed IN South America they found mirrors
OF polished black stone in use among the natives.
In the fifteenth century the first glass mirrors
were convey The frat msnns.ctorv 81 oisss
mirrors for sale vss astahi;shsd in Vsr;ca esriv
in the sirteentb cantrrr r. tha 80 =,
james l men and women wore looking glasses
their hats ana Tn. von,en ~ tha;r s,;rdIas ..
on their bosoms ~
great many crr;ors ,.,,s ,,,,a q. -..,-aoa
regarding foot gear bnt oniy an .Ilus;on can he
made 10 The srS;an. p ~. ~ uoI az
have been the invent;on ~ tha Sor,anp Thsv
were mentioned bv Homer or n C-ac;s =
women possessed .twantr-tuo SinSs ., ,oo,os.r
which NAV be classed as those which cover ali
the foot up to the anLle and tbosa wh;ch s;n,njv
tied on the ton of the foot with vide r;bhons q,
straps. The practice Of shoe ana sandal wear.
ing can be traced back for some tbonsands Of
wears. and is probably of eastern oriein Fra-
quent mention is made of the shoe in the Bible
from the book of Exodus to the Acts. and tbers
is mention made of a shoe atchet as eariv ss tbs
time of Abraham. The most splendid nsir Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
Retirement OF "Old Kipiing.~


The chief social event since last wrote wa
a farewell dinner to Mr.. John Lockwood Kip.
ling Gather Of Mr.. Rudyard Kiplins) and Pedro
Dale The former is going for good, and the
latter on two years furlough. sOld Kiplins, 70
as be rs always and lovingly called, 10 and has
been Tor years one OF the most popular figures
In Lahore society. Full of anecdose, a capital
talker, and with q vast amount OF miscellaneous
information that comes bubbline out of him A
al sorts OF unexpected times, he has always
been great acquisition atany social RstherinR
his wife-one Of the cleyerest and wittiest NO.
men In northern lndia-once said 70 the writer.
and he trusts she viii forgive him for quotiue
her words in print many year after they we're
uttered: Yes, John has a great fund Of infor-
nation OF all sorts. 1 often tell him his mind
Is regular rag bag" But MrsL Kip
nngs quaint and quiet sayinRr are
without number. One that HE OF
very clever, but extremely garrulous
and persistently laxative Official, Who hes
since retired, is well known. She said that be
was essentially q clever man, but he ought
never TO be allowed to talk; he should be used
as dictionary and consulted when required.
speaking OF this man. never saw him utterly
suppressed but once. and / have always re-
membered it. Sir w. W. Hunter was M in
Lahore and q number OF us were hidden 70
meet him at dinner and ct q converse clone
afterward. At dinner the conversation 0sxaa
oy being general. but our Lahore talker ana
sur W. W. soon monopolized il. duel or Q
duoiogue suited neither. and at lest Sir William
said down the table: Excuse me one moment
Nh. =. and allow me to finish INV remark.
And Mr.. - did 90, but the remark listed
until we rose from the table. and Mr.. =
never had chance Of getting in smother word
even edgewayA
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
LoNDoN's GREAT BURIED STATION
Electric Lighting and Ways for Passenger
and Pipes.

Electric Lighting and Ways for Passengers
and Pipes.
from the London Daily News
The most remarkable piece OF underground
London will ere long be found beneath The
most crowded of all spots in the city We reflex
TO the large space in front and about the Man.
sion House. including In this the vide en-
frances to Queen Victoria street and Mansion
House place, together with the corners Of
Princes street, Lombard street, King williau
street and cornhsll, and the paved open Ground
with the trees in wooden boxes, and the statue
OF Wellington, In front Of the western portioe
Of the royal exchange.
Here viii shortly be commenced n vast exon-
walton Of oval form 10 make wsy for . sr,.A
underground electric railway station, an exteu-
sive ana complex system of underRround vays
lighted and open at all hours, for the use both
OF railway passengers and pedestrians. ana
still more elaborate system Of what are called
pipe subways, destined to receive our sxssn-.
sive and ever-growing lines of gas and watsp
mains. pneumatic tubes, electric wires and lihs
services.
There was time when the engineers Of the
central London railway. which is TO run from
this congested spot right AWAY west 10
Snepherd Bush, thought il possible 10 coaE
the directors Of the Bank OF England into
yielding little space, for a Consideration, cot
OF the somewhat extrAvagant slice Of our
crowded city that their establishment. which
has swallowed up more than an entire parish,
now enjoys. But, as with NJ Jules Fsvre on Q
memorable historical occasion, their reply was
Not an inch Of territory" The city author
tiles. on the other hand, recognising the
paramount and increasing importance OF rapid
communication between the city and suburbs,
have extended to the scheme a helping hand,
only stipuiating for certain things which thsy
have judged it right to secure in the interests
Of the public.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
She Finally Paid.

In the case Of Mrs. Ellen Gallagher, convicted
OF keeping an unlicensed bar on Brighswood
avenue near the entrance to Soldiers Homs,
Judge Miller today overruled 9 motion in sr-
rest Of Judgment, and imposed ine Of e2so.
Mrs. Gallagher asked for time TO pay the Ans
or she wanted the court 10 suspend sen teuoe
until the Commissioners acted upon her sppli-
cation for a pardon.
Judge Miller declined to grant either request
and then she took her money from her pocket
and paid the fine.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
DIED.


ABBOTT. On the evening OF JULY a reQa
fLtoshEScE youngest aAuTAss< Of the isss cbarlsS
The funeral VAL take ps-,e rom the ch.p., AZ Oh
s e Sfe0'sssss sInsas - w As>S ~ 80
BILL. Departed III. lie July q lsqs JOHN
BILL l.loved sen Of Mr. Luerinia Bell saA VsnsoA
En tUa...; ~ll tsFs Pa.ss Norns Boz. I~vs.s
a. CIV We stree, .arta~sst It $50 osssss
THOMAS kUssEiL BoMpls e1, s ~ a @a
u S q as .n lef s-crs sS. q
Marion Bosden. aged hfty-two ysArs. month snd
The remains stn be taken to williamsburg Va,
0F ne az hi, fS .,s sssscss
,BorNToN. Thursday evenins.June o. 1895. ELIZA
Of u. late David and Nancy Gibbs Of Gariss Tossis
sssfSSsy s sS TsSg..s.s III
u Casheii IN the twentE-nfth year Of his aeS
May he rest In peace.
Funeral from his late dence 10 u stre>f sputh-
west Sunday. 3oclock D. m Rockville pspsn pls..s
raay h elfe. as sSy 4 NJ srS es
ard \. Bryan. MARGARET WILLIAMS. WIDOW Of
Notice Of funeral ssii be sa given hereafser.
paR RisG. AZ hi. S9%e IL AeIs ns county Va.
VIM pan !, II IN July q Friends and rsissi..;
McELFREsH. On Saturday July 8. 1884 q IN.
residence u his PARENTS. No. Ill 9th north.
west, GEORGE s., fnfsnt of \. D. and n. ,.
McElfresh aved three months.
Funeral private. Saturday afternoon -
NICHOLS. The remains II the late Nrs. HENRY
NICHOLS. youngest daughter Of Ferdinand and Mar
earet schmidt axed twenty eight year, viii tshon
from the vault and inferred al Rock Greek Ckurch
eemetery Monday. July 10. 1888 at O'Clock D n-
Friends Invited.
sPEIpEN. on Friday. July :. 1880. ., Ia 10 m.
CHARLES EDWIN. beloved son OF C. = ard Esnrps
4. speiden. AGED -four years and two Gays.
THIS lovely bud 50 young and fair
Called home by exriy doom,
Just came TO show hon sweet
flower In Paradise wonid bloom
By HIS MoTHI1
''our first in heaven
Funeral from parents residence l2o6 street .outh
east, sunday, July q. at 30 O'Clock y IN. Fuepda
and re atives invited 20 attend.
STEPHENSON. Al her resideu~e in Rockvills
Nd, June d. 1885. Miss LUCY C. STEPHEN.
son.
SWAN. On Friday. duly 3. 1904 at about g 20 n
m, Mrs. LUCY SWAN. ared ninety-.Our yesrs
Funeral will take pace at O'Clock sunday ss
Israel Nj T. Church. LIST and streets soul m.
west. Friends and relatives invited
wIGGIN. On July :. 1883, MARTHA A. WIG.
Funeral from late residence. 3os 10th street seuss
east. sunday. July 8
WRIGHT. On Saturday. July 8. lsga ANNIE RE.
BEcCA WRIGHT. at her residence. AIS 1 tired
northwest.
Requiem mass at ST. Patrick's Church Nons.r
July TO- at s:30 am. Burial at frsdersrk C1ty
Nd.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08

His honor-''Have you anything to say be-
fore sentence is passed upon you?'
The convicted-"Yes, your honor, / have one
simple request to make. In sentencing me,
please don't say that was convicted by u jury
Of my peers."-Lge.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
Good for the Purpose.

From Truth.
wiliie-"Papa, give me some money to buy
some punk with"
slimson-"Use those cigars your mother got
for me the other day." =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
Written for The Evening Star.

lie hANDhGnShA6c,
in one form or another,
exists In nearly every
portion Of the globe'
but just when or how
it had its origin is in
volved in obscurity.
Nevertheless II b q Q
quite . history. q n d
many interesting facts
surround this indispens-
able article that tends
to add to the comfort Of
ali mankind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08

n I. parsonsge. By Rev \. N Hartsock FRlfCiS
SfnlEnAis BnNEI q w,shinrton. p c. 20 VIZ
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
BORN.
MARRIEn

LERCH. To Mr. ana Mrs Rob- I. I>rch- %
Friday. July 3. 1893 . son. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
WEARING APPAREL
Antiquity Of Some Of the Articles
Now in Use.
A HANDKERCHIEF HISTORY.

Its Origin il Lost In Obscurity - The Gus
tom Of Carrying It Began in Italy - The
Frock Coat an English Invention-we Owe
the Hat to Asia.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08

The Greeks and Romans had no pocket hand
kerchiefs. but merely . cloth called "sudor-
fum, " to wipe perspiration from the face, which
WAS usually carried in fold Of the tunic or
loosely tied about the neck. The Athenian and
Roman swells, Their about town, inaugurated
the fashion Of carrying one such ''sudorium" in
the hand and another in the girdle. but these
were never used as we use pocket handker-
chieis. The ancients had a profound respect for
absolutely clean noses, but only children and
old persons were allowed to blow their noses in
public. For gentleman to have done 50 would
have been considered breach Of good man.
ners and for lady to appear in public with
handkerchief was sufficient for her to forfeit all
claim to responsibility. Husbands could di-
vorce wives who were compelled to use pocket
handkerchief. 1t 10 even on record that in
Rome man before marrying made 1t point
to ascertain if the lady had a nose that could
ordinarily dispense with blowing in public.
About the beginning Of the seventh century
the archbishop Of Seville issued instructions
that every monk should be provided with
'facislis' (face CLOTH, which probably an
swered all the requirements Of an ordinary
handkerchief. The famous Alcuin, the coun-
selor OF Charlemange (S04), mentions q cloth
called 'facitergium," which the clergy carried
at the left side and with which they wiped eyes
and nose during services in church.
IL 10 somewhat singular that the custom Of
carrying pocket handkerchiefs began In a coun-
try whose reputation for cleanliness is none of
the best-in Italy. The Emperor Frederick II
(1209-5O) ordered one Of bis Sicilian stewards
to give all the young girls and children Of his
estate pocket handkerchief.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
SNUFF AND SNUFF BOXES,


A word regarding snuff and snuff boxes
may not be without interest to the reader,
although scarcely coming within the scope Of
this article. Although the origin Of snuff
taking has not been recorded smoking takes
the precedence and has outlived the snuffinR
habit. Gradually 1t was discovered that the
powder Of tobacco possessed agreeable odor;
It was used as aperture about the year 17O2 the
early snuff takers carrying with Thorn a small
CRATER with which they reduced the tobacco
to powder. Snuff boxes, Of course. sprang
into use with the spread Of the habit which re-
ceived fresh impetus from . discovery made
by accident. Dublin tobaccouist named
Lumdyfast had his shop accidentally destroyed
by fire, and while gazing at the ruins
noticed s.th snas a bs 0@ ,d% Ss
cannisters. He tested the snuff and found that
the fire had largely improved It's pungency and
aroma. He secured another store, built lot
Of ovens, subjected the SNUFF to q heating proc
ess, bestowed upon it 6 taking name and made
a fortune. Snuff boxes were popular with the
second empire. The proceeding possesseda GER
tain Nspoleonic flavor, and boosted Of imperial
tradition. Napoleon was seldom without q
snuff box, and took prodigious quantities.
George Nv carried a box, but only pretended
to apply the powder to his nose. At the regi-
mental mess tables of the time snuff boxes were
sent round with the decanters after dinner.
1t will probably be a matter Of surprise to the
general reader to learn that the petticoat was
first worn exclusively by men. In the reign Of
King Henry VII the dress of the English was so
fantsstical and absurd that it WAS difficult to
distinguish one sex from the other. In the in
ventory Of Henry V appears ''petticoat of red
damask, with open sleeves" There is no men,
ton Of womans petticoat before the Tudor
period. In the matter OF Costumes the China
man is notable for the length and capacity Of
his skirts, while his wife and daughters wear.
and not infrequently display, the breaches.
Silk and satin are his favorite materials for
clothes and the Landowner the pattern and
more heavy and snowy the embroidery the bet
ter dressed he considers himself. necklace
OF beads forms an indispensable adjunct to the
full dress Of every mandarin and fan Is
rarely out Of his hand
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
ORIGIN OF THE FRocK COAT,

ohloAN Or THE FhOCk COAT
The frockcoat is unquestionably an English
invention, and its first recorded appearance is in
164O In the reign Of Henry VIII. 1t is described
as "a coat of velvet somewhat shaped like q
frock. embroidered all over with fatted gold of
damasks." The waistcoat has always been Q gar
ment of minor consideration. Itappeared and
disappeared according to the requirements of
the varying costumes in earlier times, and first
had official recognition under the reign of
Charles II. 1t was in 1866 that Peppvs makes
mention of the waistcoat in his diary: This
day the king began to put on his vest, and
did sec several persons Of the house Of lords
and commons wearing long cassock close to
the body" &c.
While there have been many changes in the
styles OF coats and waistcoats trousers have
come down to the present not greatly changed.
Diodorus Siculus says Of the Belize Gauls that
'.they wore close trousers, which they called
braccae." Tho Roman invasion brought bare
legs to Britain and the braccae OF the Gauls
were discarded for the new order OF things
When the Romans took leave and were sue
ceeded by the Saxon the braccae were compro-
missed by a style OF short drawers reaching half
way down the thigh and stockings coming up
TO meet them. The drawers were called breech
or hose. The time Of Elizabeth saw the
covering of mans leg develop into q conspic-
uous part Of the attire Of 9 gentleman. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08

THE GLOVE IS OLD.
1t might be readily supposed that the glove
was an article of modern luxury. On the con-
trary, these hand coverings date back almost as
far as history itself. Homer mentions them in
his writings, and Xenophon also, stating that
the great Cyrus once forgot his gloves on an
important occasion. From the earliest times
the manufacture Of gloves has been an impor-
tant trade in France; and in 100 Charlemagne
granted an unlimited right to the abbot and
monks Of Sithin to make gloves from the skins
of deer they killed The word glove being of
Anglo-SaXon origin, il is conjectured BY some
that the Ssxons introduced the trade OF glove
making into England. Gloves do not appear to
have been worn in England before the end Of
| the tenth or beginning of the eleventh century.
Long kid gloves were introduced in the
reign Of Charles II, consequent upon the short
sleeves then fashionable for ladies' dresses.
Gauntlets were introduced in the reign of
Edward l. The glove was anciently used as a
token Of investiture in bestowal of lands and
| dignlties. and two bishops were put in posses
sion Of their sees in 1902 by each receiving a
glove. 1t was considered degradation to be
deprived of the glove. and Walsingham says
that among the indignities heaped OH the Earl
| Of Carlisle, condemned to die a traitor, was
the taking of his glove. To be struck with the
| glove was also a deadly insult; and the young
prince, son Of Queen Margaret, being captured
| by Edward Nv at the battle of Tewksbury, 147l.
was bTuCk Dy lnat monarch on the lace with
his gauntlet, which was the signal for his death.
The glove has served many purposes, such as
| the award of honor, token of love, payment of
service and gift Of gratitude. 1t was once,
also, the signal of mercy. the dropping Of the
royal glove before culprit under punishment
securing instantaneous release; and from early
times it has also served a challenge to deadly
| combat. The habit of presenting gloves was
| kept up even unto Puritan times, and finally
grew into such an extravaganza that the legis-
lature Of Massachusetts took the matter up and
forbade the lavish glove giving under penalty
Of f30 fine. The glove has served an impor-
tant part in the worlds history, and many
| interesting facts concerning its history could
be recounted if space permitted.
The antiquity Of the fan in the east, particu-
larly in Asia. extends far back beyond the pos
sibility Of ascertaining its date. In China and
| India the original model Of the fan was the
wing Of a bird, and at one time was part Of the
| emblems Of imperial authority.
ORIGIN OF THE FAN.
The origin Of the fan in China is said to have
sprung from the following incident: A roya
| princess, very beautiful, was assisting at the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-07-08
HANDKKRcHIHFs FOR KNIGHTS

On the french stage the pocket handker-
chief was not named, much less used, until
1922 The occasion was the representation Of
"Othello," which Alfred de Vigny had the
courage to present to French audience, re-
tanning for the handkerchief the important
role given it by Shakespeare.
The Empress Josephine gave great impetus
to the general use Of elaborate and costly hand
kerchiefs She suffered from an extremely
poor set Of teeth, and 10 conceal the defect was
IN the habit Of holding delicate lace handksr-
chief as much as possible in front Of her mouth
when engaged in conversation. The ladies Of
the court naturally followed her example, and
costly little squares Of fne material leaped st
once into high favor.
The Chinese have their own peculiar custom
governing the use Of the article handed down
from tho mistiest ages Of that ancient king
dom. They carry in their pockets little suken
cloths, each Of which IL used once and thrown
away. The Japanese follow much tn the same
fashion, substituting for silk small four-cor-
nersd pieces Of rice paper, which are carried in
their wide flowing sleeves.
The once despised pocket handkerchief has
lived down NIL the old prejudices and today oc-
cuples prominent position among the essen
tials of this life. A French military journal
lately described in detail a handkerchief for
soidiers, designed BY retired French officer.
On brightly colored ground were delineated
different weapons, with clear and elaborate in
structions Tor using them and rules Of military
tactics. The ingenious idea attracted the atten-
ton OF the minister Of war, and an order was
issued ordering q sufficient supply for all the
forces. An enterprising Yankee conceived the
idea OF publishing paper printed on cotton
cloth. Its title is the Pocket Handkerchief, its
name sufficiently explaining its object.
The Pascagoula democrat-star. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1878-1920, 1893-04-21

The executive committee Of Lee
Camp at Richmond, Va, in charge
Of the removal Of The remains of
Jefferson Davis from New Orleans
10 that city, has completed The de-
tails Of The program.
John B. Gordon, OF Georgia, will
he chief marshal. and Gov. Nc.
Kinney, Of Virginia, chairman of
the committee on invitations and
reception. The commanders Of
The Confederate Camps Of Virgin
ia are TO be members of this com.
mittee. II is not known at what
points the funeral train will stop,
but the Governor in each State
through which it passes will &C.
company !, through their respect.
i've States, thereby giving official
approval oi The conveyance
through their borders.
The Cortege will leave New Or.
leans May 28lh and will reach
Richmond on The evening of the
30lh. The ca,kel will be l'orne to
the State capitol, which will be ap.
propria'ely decorated and v here 4
guard 81 honor from Lee Camp and
Pickett Camp or Confederate vei !.
erans will watch during The night.