davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22
Relations to Commerce.

The essential public interest attach
ing to Hawaii grows out of its central
position in the commerce of the Pacific
Ocean. Honolulu is exactly in the
track of all steamers sailing to Austral-
asia from San Francisco or Puget
Sound. The trade on this line is be.
tween kindred peoples now only in the
gristle, but already includes one line of
monthly steamers, with other lines in
the early prospect. What will this
traffic become when the two or three
millions of English-speaking people on
either coast shall have multiplied many
fold? Even more precisely is Honolulu
in the direct route of one part of that
enormous traffic from Atlantic to Pa.
ciic ports which eagerly awaits the cut
ting of the Nicaragua ship canal, to
burst in an impetuous tide through the
isthmus. All the trade with China and
Japan from American ports on the At
lantic must take the Nicaragua route.
1t is this large movement of ocean COM
MERGE impending in the immediate flu
ture which lends the most serious i'm .
portance to the political relations of the
Hawaiian kingdom. Every ship from
the Atlantic crossing the Pacific to
Asia will naturally sight the Hawaiian
Islands, aud every steamer will be
likely to repleuish her cOal-bunkers at
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

may attach to his administration by se-
curing the annexation OF these islands.
In this matter, as in every other matter
of any importance, the absurd demand
is made that Pre- sident-elect Cleveland
shall be consulted and that his wishes
shall be regarded. This is republican
administration, Benjamin Harrison is
president, and he will manage on his
own responsibility the affairs of this
government until the fourth day OF
March next. This matter of the annex
alton of the Hawaiian Islands has been
under consideration for some fifty
years. During that time the United
States has extended it's empire to the
Pacific. Wealthy and populous states
have grown up in the nations Occident.
Several lines of railway connect the
Atlantic and the Pacific states. Trade
has overfiown the western boundaries
of the nation and large and growing
commerce has sprung up with eastern
Asia. The conditions in this country
have ripened for annexation. Sill
there has teen no movement proceed
ing from the United States to secure
these islands. On the other hand, in
Hawaii, events have been 30 shaping
themselves that its people are asking to
be made an integral part of this ma
ton. During half century the fruit
has been ripening, and the time has
come for the harvest President Har-
rison's act is but the contamination of
an event that has been for several dec
AIDES maturing. "Tbere is no haste"
indecent or otherwise, in his course in
this matter. 1t is his good fortune that
All event of so much importance should
reach its achievement during his admin
istration. 1t is no fault of his that the
opportunity comes in the last days of
his occupancy of the chief executive Of
flee. Unless the mugwump dogma
must be accepted that during the last
month of his term of office the presi-
dent shall become mere dummy, a
pawn in the hands of the president
elect, he can not decline to act deci-
sively in a matter SO vitality affecting
the present and prospective interests
of the nation. The Hawaiian question
is ripe for action, and the howl of the
mugwump and bourbon press for delay
seems to be prompted by purpose to
reserve for President Cleveland the ex-
elusive honor of concentrating terri
torial acquisition that shall mark new
departure in the American national
policy and one that promises the most
beneficial results to the nations mate
rial interests.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

Honolulu. This fact will render the
political condition and international re-
lations of Hawaii of Importance. AL
though not upon the shortest or "great
circle" route between California and
China, Honolulu is practically a con
venient port OF call for steamers upon
that line, as many of them now do call
This tendency will increase with the
coming growth of Honolulu az q gen
eral calling and coaling station. 1t is
also natural port Of call and supply
for ships to China from Callao and Val
paraiso. Honolulu is thus seen to he
the great Gro ss-roads of the Pacific
commerce. More than this, Honolulu
is the only crossroads of the North Pa
cdc-and the North Pacific will be the
chief region of commerce. This port is
wholly alone in ils commanding posi-
ton. IL has absolutely no competitor.
From the Marquesas to the Aleutans,
Hawaii is the only land 10 that tremen.
dous ocean expanse west of America
where ship can call within a space of
4 500 miles from San Francisco aud
$500 from Nicaragua. Scarcely any
where else on the globe does there
stretch so vast an expanse of ocean
absolutely devoid of land as that which
rolls unbroken by reef or islet be-
tween Hawaii and America. From any
point between Panama and Sitka, a
bird flying westward shall find no inch
of firm rest for her foot until Hawaii is
reached. Beyond Honolulu there is no
port available except Guam, and that
is only ! 800 miles east of Hong Kong,
while being $500 from San Francisco,
aud $500 from Nicaragua. Honolulu
alone suitably divides the distances,
being 1880 from Nicaragua and 1900
from Hong Kong. BY the geograph.
ical necessity of the case, therefore,
everything centers at. Honolulu, not
merely as the most convenient port of
call, but as the only possible one. 1t is
true that steamships can make the run
of nine thousand miles from Nicaragua
to Hong Kong or Yokohama without
replenishlug their bunkers. 1t will not,
however, ordinarily pay to do that. The
storage OF The necessary coal will dis
| place just 30 much paying freight. The
larger part of the steamers crossing the
Pacific will find it eXpedient TO coal at
Honolulu. IL seems certain that nearly
all those to and from Nicaragua will do
so. Within ten years Honolulu will
clearly have to provide for the accommo-
dation of from twenty to thirty large
steamers per month, together with
that of the Golfers supplying them,
and this in addition to her present
trade. The favorable position of Hon
olulu will be materially enhanced by the
absolute necessity of using those island
as the intersecting point for telegraphlc
cables across the Pacific. 1t is obvious
that all cables between Australia and
the North American Pacific coast must
make Honolulu their first station. -
ReUie,C Of ReUie,oS.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

quail ncati0ns with Judge Gresham, the
experiment seems dsagreeable and en-
tirelv uncalled Tor. Correspondent New
York Sun.
Mr.. CLEVELAND has acted, as usual,
with a view to self-interest; but Judge
Gresham appears in a new role. He
deserts in defeat a party which he fol.
lowed for more than thirty years IN
success. He has had at the hands of
that party several of the highest offices
in its gilt and the hope of the highest
office of all. He receives Immediately
after desertiou cabinet post under a
democratic president; and, though the
office may not be the price of the deser-
ton, 1t will always look like that.
Judge Gresham has splendid reputa
ton, but he challenges suspicion, when,
after holding Office for more than thirty
years from the republican party, he
leaves it to take Office from the demo.
cratic party. There is no civil crisis at
hand to justify such conduct. Tue risk
that Judge Gresham takes is very
great. Should he be subservient 10
Mr.. Cleveland's cabinet, his subservi-
ency will be regarded as slavshness,
not loyalty. Should he assert his lu-
dependence, he will be charged with
ingratitudo and treason. We can see
no wav for him out of the false posi-
ton which he assumes-except with
loss Of honor. AS one OF Judge Ores.
hams admirers we regret that he should
make fool of himself.-PoSt Express,
Rochester, ". Y.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

term. He cannot afford to have his
property destroyed by fire. He takes
every precaution against Ere. He is
his own Waterman, a vigilant guardian
of his own property. The likelihood
that an insurance company will ever be
called upon to adjust loss Is in his case
vastly less than in the case of his
neighbor who is carrying So 900 insur
ancs on property of $4,000 value.
In considering this question of co.
insurance and passing on its merits or
dement's, the moral hazard is the very
last aspect of the subject that should
be /" laid one side"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22
The Insurance Problem.

ID. NJ McFarland OF Hyde Park,
secretary of civil and military affairs
during Governor Pages administration,
devotes considerable amount of space
in the NetoS and Citizen to "a consid-
Grafton of the theory and practical
application of co-insurance." Mr.. Nc.
Farland is quite right in saying "there
is no question of more interest at the
present time to the insuring public of
New England, and in fact to the whole
country, than the question of co-insur-
ance." We are pleased to have him
bring the Neacs and Citizen into dis.
cussion of this question of paramount
importance. For the most part the
newspapers of the state are more en-
crossed with "unconsidered tribes" or
cheap matters of cross-road politics,
than with questions that so intimately
affect very important interests. Mr..
Mcfarland considers this question of
co insurance very fairly and intelligently,
and, so far as he goes, is practical" in
his duplication" of the "theory." He
seems, however, to consider the ques-
ton more from the point of view of
the insurance agent than from that of
the individual who is buying insurance.
In the course of his discussion his innate
sense of fairness and justice seems to be
engaged in a struggle with his business
interests as an insurance agent. He
reasons like one who is placed in a
position where he is rather compelled
to seek "to make the worse appear the
better reason" and he shows signs of
consciousness of the fact.
In illustrating the fact that clause
guaranteeing any other per cent of
insurance may be attached TO policy,
subject to an advance in rate, Mr.. Nc.
Farland says: eff the rate as shown in
the tariff is two per cent, and sixty
per cent co.insurGnce clause is attached
to policy, the rate would be advanced
twenty per cent" Does Mr.. Mcfarland
intend to say that co.insurance accom-
panies a guarantee to maintain any
lower rate of insurance than eighty per
cent? The New England Insurance
Exchange rule is that when risks are
written with a sixty per cent but less
than seventy per cent guarantee, twenty
per cent must be added to the regular
rates. This, we understand, is straight
addition to the tariff rate and entities
the insured, in case of loss, to an adjust
ment under the old methods. A risk
written with no guarantee, or with a
guarantee less than fifty per cent, or
with a guarantee of fifty per cent or
more up to eighty per cent, with speci-
fed additions to the rate of insurance,
gives the insured an old-fashioned
straight.out policy, at an advanced rate,
with no co.insurance fandango attached.
In this particular his exempli6cation OF
the theory of co-insurance is at fault.
In refutation OF the claim that co.
insurance is device of insurance com.
panies to enable them to avoid the full
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

THE states edition of the laws en-
acted last November still fingers in the
lap of winter. But no special interest
is felt in this publication. If it is out
by the Fourth of July, it will be in
ample season The WATCHMAN's
Pocket Edition is scattered all over the
state and the demand still continues.
Afew more copies left. Ten for 81 90;
Eve for sixty cents; single copies fit.
teen cents. Toward your order. Very
convenient and necessary in view Of
the coming town meeting.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

THE corOner's inquest on the fire at the
Dover IN. H. asylum finds that the in
mates came to their death "by misfortune"
The building is characterized as a fire-trap.
The mistaken judgment OF erecting aims
houses lar from centers OF population and
the false economy of crowding the unfor
Inmates into wooden structures with no adj
equate protection against fire are sharply
criticized In the verdict rendered.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

The contents OF the petition OF Queen
Liliuokalani to the president were made
public last Friday. In it she appeals to the
United States government not to take action
until ENJOYS sent by her shall arrive at
Washington and be heard. She declares
that she consented TO the appointment OF a
provisional government because of the fulfil
ity OF opposition to and war with the United
States, the desire to avoid bloodshed and
the destruction of life and property.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

CONTINUED IRON FIRsr PAoE.l
conspicuous by Its absence. This nu
IN exceedingly we'll preserved and is a
interesting relic of past era Of journal
SEMINARY HILL.
AND again James G.. Blainel"
Miss CLARA VANCE is visiting on the l
MRS. EDDY, who has been at Waterbu
Saturday.
PhoFEssoR BISHOP was called to Water
bury several times last week ON account of
the sickness of Mrs. Bishop.
The baseball crauks have organized with
Il. D. Billings az captain. l.. q. Wedgwortb.
secretary, W. b. Hinkley, treasurer. The
outlook for base ball in the coming spring
Is good. 'P's
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22
President Till March 4.

The mugmump editors and the bour-
bon democratic press are unitedly cry
ing out against the annexation of the
Hawaiian Islands during President
Harrison's administration. The presi-
dent, they say, is making indecent
haste in the matter aud seeking to Sc.
cure for himself what glory or honor
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

PRESIDENTS have sometimes died in
Office, and vice.presidents have some
times died in Office, but it has never
happened in the history Of this govern
ment that both the president and vice.
president, chosen for the same term,
have died in Office, so that the law pro-
viding for the succession to the presi-
dency in the event of the death of both
Of these officials has never become OPP.
erative. But if both President Cleve-
laud and Vice-Pre sident Stevenson
should die during the term for which
they have been chosen, the succession
would 90 first to the secretary of state,
If Judge Gresham should then be hold
ing that Office, he, former republican,
and one who practically said, not many
weeks ago, that he was still republi-
can, although intending to vote for
Cleveland would become president of
these United States.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

THE NeO York Sun is having whole
columns of fun, in prose and verse,
over some OF Mr.. Cleveland's cabinet
selections. Hoke Smith in particular,
with his euphonic patronymic, is for
the Sun a mine of satirical humor.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

HOIST all the flags to-day, clear to
the masthead, and pay 6llal homage to
the Father of his country
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

WHAT is all this row in Kansas
about? At the last state election, under
the new ballot law, many cases of dis
puted election TO the legislature re-
suited. The contests were between
republican and populist representa-
tives. The populists undertook, through
the courts, to deprive republicans of
their seats. Sixty-four republican rep
resentatives held certificates of cleo
ton. Opposed to these were fifty-seven
populists. The body also contained
three democrats and one independent
republican, These sided with the re-
pubicans, who, constituting a clear
majority, organized the house in due
form. The populist rump also under
took to organize house of their own.
To make a quorum they declared
enough of their own numbers elected
in place of republicans who had been
legally chosen and were sitting as mem
bers of the lawful house of representa-
tives, 1t was against this usurpation
of the populists, which Governor
Lewelling undertook to sustain by call
ing out the militia, that the republicans
ma6n uor
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1893-02-22

The Hawaiian princess, Kaiulani,
who is at school in London, sends a
pathetic little address to the American
people. She says she was sent away to
England to be educated privately and
lifted to become queen of Hawaii.
She has patiently and in exile striven
to fit herself for her return, this year,
to her native country. Now she is told
that Mr.. Thurston, who, four years ago,
as Hawaiian cabinet minister, advised
that che be sent to England, is in Wash
ington asking the American people to
take possession Of her country. She
plaintively concludes by saying, L" am
coming to Washington to plead for my
throne, my nation and my fag," and
asks the great American people to lis
ten to her, The little lady, if her adj
dress is her own composition, under
stands well how to write the English
language. The prospective loss of her
throne which she bewails is due, not 10
the American people, but to the bad
mess her aunt, Queen Liliuokalani, has
made in governing at Honolulu. The
American people will give her brand
new flag, the stars and stripes, and with
it one hundred and fifty thousand dol
lars, which will be vastly better than
the old battered and rickety throne to
which she is heir. Thus her life will
be made much happier than in trying
to maintain her grasp on the royal bau
BILE that has vexed the lives of her an
cestors. She may wed young Ameri
can sovereign, become a real princess,
and ever after live happily. Verify a
bright prospect is unrollng before Kaiu
lani. sLet her come to Washington.
Americans will give the lovely relic OF
barbarism right royal reception.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1893-11-25
Free Binsiining Twine.

Binding twine is likely to be made
free of duty. The high duties imposed
ON agricultural products will be merci-
lessly slaughtered. A duty will be re-
tanned onslemons and oranges, but sew
eral other fruits win go upon the free
list. The duty ON wrapper tobacco will
be reduced to 81 or $3.50 per pound when
unstemrned and 80 cents more per pound
when stemrned. An ad valorem rate of
25 per cent will probably be fixed on all
grades of sugar, although this is one of
the questions still open. The poorer
grades OF sugar come in at low figure.
The duties on gloves will be reduced.
The internal revenue features of the
bill are agreed upon, except the form OF
the income tax. There will be no in
crease on beer, tobacco or cigars. The
only change will be on whisky.
The additions to the the free list will
cause considerable loss of revenue, and
while reductions of duty are counted
upon to produce increased imports, this
effect may not appear for a year or two
The proposed duty ON sugar will bring
in about $50, ,0OO, 900, and it is thought
that some go, ,000, 900 or $40, ,O00, 900 viii
be received from the increase in whisky
and from the income tax.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1893-11-25
FREE LIST LONG.
Synopsis of the New Tariff Bill to
Be Presented to Con-
gress.
Nearly all Raw Materials May Be
Imported Free of
Duty.
Internal Revenue Features, Except
the Income Tax, Have Been
Agreed Upon.

NEW YoRK, Nov. 25.-The Herald's
Washington correspondent says he is
able to send an accurate outline of the
tariff bill, as far as determined.
The free list will include nearly all
raw and crude materials which enter
into manufactures Wools, hair of the
camel and goat, bituminous coal, iron
ore, lumber, salt, silver. lead ore, fax,
hemp and jnte and large number of
chemicals will all be free of duty when
the new bill takes effect. This will be
the chief benefit to manufacturers af-
forded by the new measure, but they
will also get the benefit in a number of
cases Of an extension of time of from
three to six months to work off accumu-
lated stocks before the reduced duties ON
finished products takes effect.
Bottles, Glassware, Etc.
The specific duties on bottles, glass
ware and plate glass may possibly be
retained, but they will be decidedly re-
duced and plate glass is likely to be put
at a uniform ad valorem rate of 80 per
cent.
Steel rails will probably be put at $S
or 80 ton. Rails will be one of the few
articles upon which specific duty will
be retained. Pig iron will probably be
put at per cent adj valorem. as proposed
in the last congress, and bar iron will be
reduced at least so per cent.
Tin plate will be changed l cent per
pound and increased imports are counted
| upon to make the revenue nearly as
great as under the present duty of 2 2-1o
| cents.
The specific duties on cutlery will be
abolished and ad valorem duty substi-
tuted.
/ Tin ON the Free List.
Block tin will go back ON the free list
where it was before the enactment Of
the Mckinley bill and copper ore viii
follow it upon the same list.
A uniform ad valorem duty will b.
imposed upon finished manufactures O
wood, but logs Will be free.
The textile schedule will not suffe
quite so much as China and metals TO
there will be few duties. Specific du
ties and compensatory duties will almos
universally be wiped off the statute,
The committee believe that reduc
ton of or 10 per cent in the silk dutie
will yield as much revenue as at present
Wool goods will follow substantially tn
rates Of the Springer bill, but some 0
the cheaper goods, especially cloth, vii
be put in clause at 30 per cent.
The rate on nearly all manufacture
of cotton will be 40 per cent. This viii
include hosiery. Manufactures of aaz
hemp and jute will be greatly reduced
in view of the placing of the raw ma
terial on the free list.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1893-11-25

LONDON, Nov. 25.-An anarchist man.
ifesto, published in this city and printed
on red paper, has been dispatched to
Belgium, France and Spain, crying ven
geance for the execution of the Chicago
and Heres anarchists, and expressing re-
gret that General Martinez Campos
escaped when Pallas threw two dyna-
mite bombs at him at Barcelona. The
manifesto concluded by saying: "But
the dynamite was not lost. as some OF
the snbordinated ruffians of his suite
were disemboweled. The only unfor.
tunate incident was the escape of Cam.
pos and his family
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1893-11-25
Great Billiard Match.

CHICAGO, Nov. 25.-The biggest
match at billiards ever made has been
arranged. Ives and Schaetfer, now play
ing at Central Music hall, were matched
TO play 90 days hence for an aggregate
stake of $4,000. The men will play
one game of 500 points, cushion caroms,
the winner to take the whole of the
$22, 900 and the total gate receipts.
Heavy bets ON the game have already
been made by local sports, and one bet
of Is, 600 is already posted.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1893-11-25
Poles are Banislled.

ST. PETERSBURG, Nov. 25.-The rum
ors of the arrest and banishment of Poles
from the Western provinces of Russia
have been confirmed. Eleven priests
have been suspended from their duties
and placed in prison, and scores of citi-
zens are detained in the citadel at War
saw. Fifteen persons, including some
ladies and young girls, are ON their way
to Siberia, although their friends have no
knowledge of the nature Of their offense.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1893-11-25
Lewellinr I.Tll.

KANSAS Cry, Nov. ga Pittsburg,
Kan, special to The Star says: Gov
ernor Lewelling was taken suddenly ill
at Girard ON his return from hunting
trip in Northern Arkansas and was COM
PEELED to go to bed. It is thought his
trouble is developing into a fever and
may be serious. Lieutenant Governor
Daniels is also very sick at his home
near Girard with severe attack of
malarial fever.