The morning call., 1893-02-05

Sla ana as GTeaL britain was TeallN the 0lly
EurOtean nation from which formidable
| antagonlsm to the United States was
ticpated In the enGeaYor to annex the Ha-
walian Islands, the necessity If keeping her
naval forces and armies in the war against
Russia insomuch cleared the obstruction
| from tie purpose of the United States in
respect to Hawaii England mad urgent
| need Of her navy and military forces in the
| battles of the Crimea, and could barely di-
| vert them in the Pacific in a losing issue
| against the United States as TO the posses
| sion Of the Hawaiian Islands.
The enemirs Of annexation in Honolulu
| induStriously circulated exaggerated stories
! OF American Fl clustering expeditions upon
/ Mexico and Central America, from Cali
| foTUia, TO ncite the natives against annex
alton, and their efforts to that end had ap-
| parent effect Early in November the
| schooner Caroline ( Frost arrived a. Homo
| lulu, from San Francisco, with large num-
Der of passengers, among whom was Chris
! LILY, notorious prize nghter and Teputed
| f1iihuSter. Immediately a TumOr spread in
Honolulu that the Americans prosecuting
the nject b ad arranged to bring Lilly and
the Sch0Oner-lnad OF passengers over from
California TO iibuSter and capture Homo
lulu. The native Governor oil Oahu became
alarmed for the safety of the island and
made preparation for armed resistance.
There were IN Honolulu bar Dor besides the
| British and French ships OF war the United
States warship Portsmouth, CaptaiR Dor
min. and ST. MarvS. Commander Bailey. the
former in chief command.
Captain Dornin at 0nce rendered to the
Hawaiian Government the Service, in defense
ami resistance, Of the entire United States
naval force al The two SHIPS, and 200 ma
Tines and armed sailors were landed in the
evening to protect the town IN the event of
an attack The British and French naval
vessels likewise landed forces. The alarm
was merely fancifui. Lilly had no con-
federates. himself and the paSsen-
gers by the Frost had simply come
TO Honolulu on pleasure. and in-
tended no disturbance or breach of the
peace. The pr0mptness Of the United
States authorities in furnishing armed
forces IN aid of the Hawaiian Government
created most favorable sentiment among
natives and residents to the interests Of
annexation, and put the Quietus upon the
absurd stories about hbusters from Cali
fOrnia, The sentiment for annexation grew
and strengthened. Finally, early IN Decem-
Der the King officially communicated 20
United States Commissioner Gregg the In
formation that Prince Alexander had con-
sented to the annexation and his promise 20
/ join In signing the treaty. BY the terms Of the
mutually agreed draft Of the treaty the
! United States was TO come into absolute
! possession of all the crown lands Of
Hawaii, and TO pay annUiles to the King
and stipulated chiefs aud dignitarieS of the
Islands. To the King was appOrtiOned the
| sun of $4,000 year during life, and on
his death the similar sum was TO be paid TO
Prince Alexander for life. Corresponding
sums were to be- paid during life TO Great
thief Pakee, the Princess. and 10 Princess
| Victoria; TO the Queen, to Emma Rookie
alliance of Prince Alexander, who was the
daughter Of Dr.. Rookie an English surgeon
resident, and his native wife; to GER
tain mobiles Of the kin gGOm and to
stipendiaries OF the King. The total was
estimated at about $4,000 the az
gregate money payment OF the United
! States. for which the Government would
derive the whole Hawaiian group and the
entire possessions Of +he crown. II was
most advantageous purchase for the United
States.
The King appointed Tuesday, December
| Is. 1854, for the signing of the treaty Of an
neXauon. But alas, before high noon of
! thatday the battery of Punchbow Hill over
! booking Honolulu sign aled the deaf Of
| kamehameh a. The night before he had BAN
| que ed with mum Der Of high functionaries
! al which many tOasts were drunk In COM
/ mem0ratioD OF the triumphal issue Of the
/ annexation project. The following morn
| Ing his Majesty arose with a parched tongue
and feyerish brow. He asked eagerly for
! "bTacer," but this was refused, as II was
feared that he would continue bis debauch
! and become incapacitated for signing the
treaty His attendant. as was customary,
| vas assisting the King to make his toilet.
! One OF the rTSt Operations was SpOnglng
him ell over with bay rum, which was con.
| tanned in large wash basin. The sponging
was not quite concluded when the attend
/ ant was called into an adjoining room for
! a moment He had no sooner left the rOYal
/ bedcham Der than Kamehameha, i'm PEELED by
/ his insatiate thirst, gTasped the basin with
/ both hands and poured the contents, nearly
! two quarts down hls throat He sank INTO
a stupOr at once, IN which condition he was
found by the attendant Fifteen minutes
! later he was dead. With the death OF Kane
hamhea ended all hope OF annexation.
/ Prince Alexander was Immediately pro-
! claimed King on the death Of kamehameha
! Ill On the day following the burial he
was crowned King kamehameha ". The
/ day Of his coronation he officially notified
! United States Commissioner Gregg that the
| project Of treaty OF annexation If the
/ Haw al an Islands TO the United States was
! absolutely rejected SO ended the annexa-
tion proposition Of 1854. and it has not until
/ now been TesuSeitated or renewed. At
that time the project emanated at Washing
J ton under the administration Of President
! Pierce.
Now comes the proposition for the annex
at on Of the Hawaiian Islands TO the United
| States. and 1t Is made by authorized COM
! missoners from Hawaii. Nearly forty
/ years have elapsed and the conditions have
| vastly changed. Tie population OF the
| islands is about as II was in numbers. but
essentially different in kind. The native
| race have rapidly decreased by death
swarmed 10 the islands. The American
| population has largely increased. The " hale
| fishing traffic has entirely departed from
| Hawaii and Is mostly concentrated in San
| Francisco. From the scanty growth an
! nually of ,000, 600 pounds of sugar the cane
| product OF the islands is comDaratvely
| enormous, and in place of its production
| only on Ons island sugar cane Is the leading
! staple OF several OF he group, with inn
meDse aggregate capital invested and greatly
tod to1aa dtf, fia
| products Of much aggregate annual value
| swell the commerce.
Instead OF the sailing vessels in the trade
averaging only about two a month from
San Francisco there are now regular lines
of steamships to Japan, China and Aus
tralia. and direct to Honolulu, toge her
with the considerable feet Of sailing shif
every week. The revenue Of the islands,
from below S200.000 year, has Increased to
nearly $4,000 GOO; the mpOrts, from $780,
eco, TO S6000000 and the exports from
| S300000 to above $4,000 600. The annual
| public expenditure of less than $4,000 has
! grown TO nearly $4,000 600; from no public
! indebtedness there IS public debt of about
! S16OOO,OO0. Salaries of public Off ials have
! been c0rrespOndingy advanced. Enight-
/ eminent, agriculture, commerce. trade and
concomitant accompaniments have similarly
advanced.
On Oahu is the most capacious and best
| adapted naval harbOr OF any of the islands
| OF the Pacific between the American con-
| tinent and Asia-Pearl harbor, which
| American naval commanders have for
many years recommended 10 the notice Of
| the Government. The group embraces
/ thirteen islands. of which, in due course
! from east TO west, Hawaii, the largest:
Maui, next in size; Oahu, the most p9pu-
lous. and Aiauai, the most productiye-are
! very valuable.
On Hawaii are the towering peaks of
MauDa boa and Mama Kea, both volea-
! noes and the hinge active volcano of Klauea,
| largest in the world. On Oahu. six miles
back from Honolulu, is the Pau, preci-
| pice of 600 feet, over which the first Kane
| hameha drove hundreds OF the fleeing de-
feated islanders Gu his conquest of the ISL
and. Cocoanuts. bread frait, bananas.
oranges, pineapples. guavas and all Tropical