Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1893-10-06
FARM AND GARDEN
Several Methods by Which Lana
May be Improved.
A FEW AGRICULTURAL Noyps
Some General Information ~. .
Preparing the Ground q, v
Planting Wheat.

1t is very important to nran.u
seed bed for wheat in good ca mar The
What is needed Is three or fonr ; ,s,
finely pulverized soil and raa ncaes q
solid seed bed underneath. Afssonsnly
blowing is done the instrument el The
sary to properly prepare IN s,. aiecca'
condition can best be Determined uti'aoe
condition and character 81 i " ne
When the soil is in condition ','o soil.
well and then can be narrowed as AZ s'o J.
plowed, the work OF preparing in in : aa ss y
filth can be greatly lessened. Bnt VIZ
often the case before the plowinp - ~ = Z y
done the ground gets hard and Dr. van y
it will require considerable WORK and
cure the proper filth. Hard lumnsso y.
be worked down with drag or rol ~
and with drag it may be necaos ,o.ler
go over twice. The disc harrow 90 !, y. y
be used to a good advantage in IN. a s'.ef
the soil. II hard rains have run tha
together, the disc or Acme harrn nv ~
be used to a good advantage. Tha, ~ Y
all advantage in using the rollers ' s.s
drag, especially in leveling and sn suu
the soil, while the disc or Acme h ,.alay
are needed if the soil becomes Nc asNI
Generally it is best to 60 over suff;c; sseq
often to keep down the green oro,.I
that may start up and to keen tho so WI
face mellow, using the implement h bu,.
suited to keep the soil in this cond. ~
with the least work. Generally be ilva
drilling it will be good plan to use ss' ~
spike-tooth harrow and then the rollsr.
this will leave the soil in good shane =,
drilling. II the roller is not used ~ II
narrowing should nearly ALWAYS he Any S,S
crosswise the way the drilling il to o0 -
done, as otherwise it is sometimes J;@
cult to follow the drill rows. By oett;r.
the soil in a good filth before SOWING ,s ~
seed much better germinator 81 ths
seed and a more vigorous start To ar su0
can be secured. In order to do tb;s
the best advantage the work should y
commenced as soon after blowing Al M
sible. But sometimes, when the o y,
is hard and dry, it may be necessary ~
wait until after rain softens the Iumns
when the work can be pushed along yars
rapidly. But in all cases it will nav y
work until the soil is in good tilth hs'
fore sowing the seed. By having tbe ali
in good filth when the proper time p T..
sowing arrives the work can be pushed
along very rapidly.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF LAM
Ihere are various ways in which land
may be greatly improved, and the care.
ful farmer who wishes to make success
In his business will always be on the
alert for new methods OF culture and
Will also follow those which he has found
from actual trial to be good. Good drain.
age is essential for land on which cereal
crops are to be raised. A farmer NAV
Easily obtain information regarding the
trainage of piece of land by digging
holes four or five feet deep and noting
where the water stands in these. On
'orn land this water level should be forty.
'wo inches below the surface. Another
Method OF improving the soil is by thor
'ugh cultivation. This is necessary in
rider to obtain the best results. Opin.
ons differ very widely in regard to deep
md shallow blowing. At the Perdue
Ina. experiment station experiments
nave been made on corn plats, blowing
our to twelve inches deep. The first
ear there was no perceptible difference,
'ut the second year there was a great
am from deep blowing and subsoiling
he effects of deep blowing and subsoi-
hg are not always apparent the first
ear, but where it has been practiced the
rop OF wheat the second year has been
ouble that of a field shallow pIowed
'ltn Inc same amount of manure applied
each. Subsoiling loosens up more Of
ne earth, and furnishes more plant food
nd moisture than shallow blowing. In
lay lands it is desirable to change the
in order to keep it from bak-
lg during very dry weather. Air-slaked
me IS one OF the best substances which
IN be used for this purpose. The
mount to apply varies, ranging from
lree to twelve tons per acre, according
the stiffness in the clay. Application
IN be made at intervals of seven to ten
ears. ii. A. Huston, Indiana State
hemlst, advises farmers with heavy
ay lands to experiment with small
7lo IN this way, being careful that the
me Is left in small piles long enough to
come well air-slaked, and then hayeit
strlbuted and well mixed with the soil.
sing lime in this way makes the land
sy, to pulverize, and changes it froma
ira compact mass to one easily broken
10 particles which the plant roots can
'netrate. Salt is also used sometimes
tne same way, and has the same effect
the soil, but is not always beneficial;
nee lime is more highly recommended.
PLANT TREES.
NO matter whether farmer wants to
INT spruce for timber, a few on the
inward side of the houses and barns
shelter them from the fierce storms
IL prove profitable investment. The
rW1ay spruce is rapid grower, and
nobreak once planted will every year
I'VE more valuable. 1t makes better
ndoreak to plant two rows about ten
I apart, with some deciduous trees
'ween. What wind one tree does not
'truct the other row will catch.
NOTES.
20 not let stock lose flesh during hot
ather. Better feed hay or green corn
N allow animals to become poor.
..eep one cock for each breeding pen
fourteen hens. This will do for oil
eds but Asiatics, which require more
,antams may be Matched at any time.
ne young are carefully kept from lice,
y, will do as well in summer as II
ched earlier.
9ccess in raising hogs depends upon
breeding, feeding and general care.
al luck" is another expression for
management.
eese can be picked three or four
es during spring and summer and IN
!, way. made profitable. But the
hers should be pulled only when they