The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1893-12-15
FRUIT GROWING.
ho" to Grow Trees. Care Of Orchards, Does
Fruit Growing Pay

no" to Grow Trees. Care OF Orchards. Doe
| Fruit Growing Pay
The following is paper read ty G. v
Kathe before the Tangest Grange, Nov q
1893. and published by request:
Tree growing is SO well understood 4
this part Of the county. iha. {, IS no
necessar, TO enter into lengthy discuss
ion OF that. few words howeye, vii
suffice.
Fruit trees. like other plants, ale frs
started from seeds, rlaEted jast as we wouI
plant beans. poiatoes or any other kind O
vegetables. Tie greater poriion of IN,
apple, pear and cherry. used on iLis coast
are grown 10 Franco. They are allowed Il
grow one year from the seed; they are iher
calico seedlings, sfter which, they arr
ready for propagation into the various va
rleties of fruit trees wanted.
Apples. pears and cherries. Jun. ike pluus
pranes, apiicots, nectari.,ss, etcl can b,
pTcps gated only from seedlings of theil
own origin. That Is to say. you could no
propagate an apple bud Into cherry seed
lings and vice versa as TIE case Ri.h plnms
prlnes and peaches. Propagation. as yor
&C doubt understand, consists in inserting :
bud frcm grated fruit i:ee into the seed
ling. The bud is tied with a string until
it is grown tolid. ahich will be in about 20
days. after which the s.ring is taken eff and
the seeding gut of jest above the inserted
bud. Ih. growth ~ill thea prooeeI from
the inserted sFui, bud. WHICH mikes tie
seeding budjed frsi: tree; this process is
called bstding.
Grating consists OF inserting coin from
the grated tree into the s<sdling stock BY
a difiersn; process than budding. tut
anaOanis 10 jus, the same hing.
The nl0n. ptuns, peach. sPrsco; and rec.
sarin-s are grown either On peach stock,
eFdiaary p!um or myr@boiu plum roots.
Propagation Consists of budding OK graftise
the same IS desciise3 heretofore.
Grapes, cansats. gooseberries, roses,
EsspbsEries. q1ince, and great many other
things We aight msn,son are prcpsza,ed
either BY cuttings or layers. Castings con
sisis simply in f:u:iisg pieces Of the limbs
OK braachrs and sticking thtm in III.
ground.
LaYsring consists IA bending dosn The
branches and covering them with dirt, al
lowing them 10 take root, after xhich they
are sereted fross the main vine Or plant.
when they have bscons plants founded OF
their oWn EOois-ptrhsPs this IS enough on
the propagz,ing Of iIe<s.
We viii proceed 10 The iase planting ana
care Of orchards. TIE srst and perasp
greatest qsession TO coasiler in planting
an orchard Is The ioczisoz.
Ii Is too.iag away ;ime aaa asosey Il
plant irees OF white Ga, lard. High bl2el
soil, that viii grow gooi crops Of grain ,
vegetables. IS also ssi'zbse for an orchard
The grosai shoali first be Plo~ed as aeer
as possible. or What is sill better i: shoaI'
be tile dr<iaed ard 80. De sci closer fhaz II
sesi earh ~ay. Apple. pear and cherry
Trees sbI aid no; be Sc, closer than 20 fee
each ~ay. After PiaaIiag. the groua'
shoGid be plo~ed as deep as possible enc
OF twice year. Ia addition to this
should be cultivated thoroughly from sprin
sn;il the middle of Jaly. stter which
should act BE- stirred Eniii the fall rains &
10.
Prasing-Piuns, psuaeS and peach tree
should be CT; back AZ ihe time of Plsatin
to not mose than feet. appIs, pear an
chsrry to no; mose than fsei. The hrs
year after planting 'he limbs shcul5 be Gu
back &c; 10 exceed iaches from where the
started. TIE second and third year the
should be cut back to ten inches. afis
which aboGt one-,Tfd of tie new grow,
should be cut q, each year. All kinds c
trees rsquire all The strsagth Of the ground
Apple, pear and esesY trees will begi
bearing about the foarsh or Eth year fro
plarting.
Punes with proper care bear 20 pound
Of green fruit per tree The fourth year; OF
bushel the 6fih year: the eighth year the
viii tear four bushels per tree, and cor
tinue increasing until 10 or Is years ol,
We have now considered growing, props
gation. planting orcharls and pruning
We viii next take up the question Of il
sect pests.
one writer in mentioning insect pest
has peuned the following:
They oone the merry insect train,
The borers and the dIppers-
The little gnats wal;z in again
And eke the galiinirpers
The vast colored ants, the flies
Tittilate our features
The bee vita penetrating ties
!. And snndry sundried creatures.
TIE weevil and the cut worm now
Do polish up their armor.
/ The chinch bug makes his yernal bow,
In ambush for the farmer.
The wired cucnlio setteth out
To mad the fruit tree tiller
And in each garden look about
Ten billion caterpillaIs.
, Among the injurious insect pests th
infest fruit trees in Oregon may be me
toned: The San Jose Scale. woody aphi
] green aphis, peach borer, Goblin moth, Al
cherry, und pear sing. the most inlurio
is the San Jose scale. This is witbC
doubt the most pernicious insect known
: this country, il infests all decidous tre'
, hey have also been found ON some of I
evergreen varieties.
They infest the bark of the limbs a
trunk of the tree. also the leaves and fru
5 Their presence upon the bark will SO
turn the sap part of the wood, beneath
bark. to a reddish color. their presen
upon the fruit causes it to be covered vi
S bright red spots and when badly affect
the fruit shrivels up and cracks open. /
e,oIa of tba ka,,al. is rsra,,lar and FAT