The Durham daily globe. (Durham, N.C.) 1889-1894, 1893-12-15
THE LORE OF SKULLS
GREAT STORY TELLERS TO THOSE
WHO CAN INTERPRET THEM.

Chat with a Professor of skulI-oIogy Who
IsIn Charge of the Rochester Museum
Of Human OsteoloCy-Ancient Fashions
Of Dtforming the Bead.
1t Is not generally known that prob
ably the most complete museum of hu-
man osteOlogy is located in Rochester
under charge Of Professor Charles H
ward, who has an international repu-
tatlon as an authority on this question.
Ski are great story tellers.' said
Professor Ward. For instance. the
original of this cast of the top Of a
skull overturned the theories of half
OF Europe, and probably its discovery
was the most sensational thing in the
realm of science of tn decade. Before
this piece of bone, which YOU can hold
In your hand, was discovered, nothing
had been found which tended to show
that human life existed in the pregla-
clal period, in the days of the cave bear
and other a~nteglacial fossils. Not
only does the place where il was found
indicate all this, but the skull comes
nearer to supplying the much laughed
at missing link than anything ever
before discovered. There is no question
whatever that it is a portion of a hu-
man skull, but the forehead is lower
than that of any normally developed
skull EVER found, and the superciliary or
superorbital arch is heavier than ever
before seen on a human skull. This is
one Of the most marked points of dis
tlnCtiOn between the skulls of a gorilla
and of a man.
You can see Whist I mean from this
picture" continued Professor Ward.
THE arch is that Of the eyebrow, just
over the eye socket.
"One of the most interesting things
in the ology of skulls is the fashion of
deforming the head prevailing among
the savage races Of North and South
America. 1t is accomplished by pres
sure brought to bear on the skull
through infancy. The cliff dwellers
fiattened the back Of the head. Skulls
have been found on all island in the
gulf of Mexico which were divided in
to two lobes, evidently produced byfas-
tening a strap from the back Of the
neck to the forehead of the infant. If
there had been more travel in those
days, the fashion might have spread.
The fad of fattening the front of the
head evidently prevailed among the
ancient inhabitants Of Peru, as the
mummy remains clearly indicate, and
this has led to a belief that there is
some race connection between the an
cient Peruvians and the Flathead In
dams of today.
You can see the effect produced by
the process [ have described from this
picture. Were this deformity produced
on the head Of a grown man, it would
be followed by insanity and death, but
the brains OF the infant gradually &C
cOm1nOdate themselves to the new con-
ditions, Ishould judge, however, that it
would be difficult to have a very highly
developed intellect with a skull of that
shape. Here, you see, is the skull Of
a Peruvian lady of high rank. We
know that this was som Inca queen by
the pomp with which she was buried.
She paid the usual tribute to fashion,
or her parents did, in having her skull
fattened up to the latest style.
Here" said Professor Ward, lis
the skull of a maiden of IS years, who,
with a number of her companions, was
knocked in the head with an ak and
was eaten on an island in New Zealand
several centuries ago at a great feast
For goodness sake, how could you
find out all that?"
"Simply enough. You can tell 1t
all for yourself, with a little help. Of
course we know from the place where it
was found that it was in a land where
c~annibalism prevailed. Father found
no less than seven skulls, all with a
fracture like this hOrrid one, where the
victim was struck with an AK or some
similar implement. Then all have the
hole knocked in at the base of the skull,
evidently with the purpose Of extract
ing the brain, for the human brain is
| considered a great delicacy by cannibal
epicures. We know from the sharpness
! of the edges Of the orbital cavity and
other infallible indications that this is
a woman's skull, for an expert can al
ways tell a male from a female skull at
a glance. Lastly, you a see by
| counting for yourself that the dentition
Of this girls skull Is not complete, and
that therefore this is, as l have said,
the skull Of a New Zealand maiden of
II or Is.
Il had a curious instance not long
ago Of the way in which an observer
| can find a story in a skull. A skeleton
was sent me from a hospital in Vienna
to be mounted. The skull had not
been opened. The man had been taken
i'll on the street suddenly and had
been taken TO the hospital. In polish
ing the skull I found 4 fine black line
which would not come out. l opened
the skull and found that the line was a
portion of the PORT of a blade which pro-
iected half an inch in the skull, and
which bad broken off so short that 1t
would have been impossible TO tell OF
u-hat lie man died unless The skill had