The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1893-07-13

erected just outside the eastern wall of
the prison. Three grades of stone are
manufactured for the road at the crusher.
All the material Is conveyed in wagons
from the crusher to the place where the
roadmaking is in progress.
HOW THE WORK Is DONE.
The process of roadmaking is compare
lively simple. Mr.. Patterson, the engi-
neer, first surveys the street, and by
stakes indicates the grade. Then the
earth is removed to the required depth
and the roller is sent over the street to
crush down the earth until it forms
good foundation. The foundations
IN the present roadway are about four
inches in diameter, and are the coarsest
grade. A second grade, of about two
inches in diameter, is placed upon this
one, and lastly, stones of the size of
small pebbles are spread over the second
grade stones. Convicts with hammers
go over the first grade of stones and
break up the largest OF them. The three
grades OF stone make a road of about ten
inches in thickness at the center.
TELFoRD MACADAM.
When the Telford macadam road is
made in the country outside the village
of Dannemora, the road will be two feet
in thickness. Binding material COM
posed of the smallest stones and small
fragments of rock is put upon the first
grade of stone before the second grade is
imposed. As each grade ofrock is placed
upon the road, the roller, which is four
tons in weight, is rolled over it. The
cutters, which are of the basket GUTTER
type, are composed of large stones set in
seml-clrcle upon either side of the road
way. The roadway, when completed,
will be of the usual smooth macadamized
road type.
THE COST.
One of the best features of this work,
which is being done by the State is that
an attempt is being made to learn its pre-
else cost. Speaking upon this subject,
Warden Thayer said: Il do not eXpend
penny upon this work but that L take
note of it. l also keep account day after
day of the number Of men | have en-
ployed in the fields collecting rock, in
driving the crusher, upon the wagons
and upon the roadway. l also, OF course,
have the bills have paid for the crusher,
the roller and the other implements of
rOadmaking. | shall make a report to
superintendent Lathrop, and he TO Gov
ernor Flower, and he in turn to the Legis-
Iature, which will show, hope, the exact
cost by the miles of making these roads.
We can estimate truly, | think, what the
labor of the convicts is worth. They
work as hard as laborers do outside of
the prison. L hope the present year to
make one mile of road. We have a chance
to make three miles of road before we
reach the end of the States land; and are
authorized by law to improve the roads
for twenty miles about the prison."
Would you favor, Mr.. Thayer, the
employment of convicts everywhere in
the State in roadmaking?" asked the
If16UHe correspondents
Il would not" replied the Warden,
land, indeed, think it would be unwise
to do so. No, it would never do to en-
ploy the conVicts at roadmaking else
where than here in this wilderness.
Governor Flower believes that Boards of
Supervisors can see here the processes of
roadmaking and profit by it, and that
they also can learn the precise cost of
roadmaking. But as for general road
making by convicts all over the State
that is a thing of which he does not APP
prove, so | understand"