davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
Tnrnin,s Little Gun.

PARIS, June 16.--M. Iurpin, the in
ventor of melinite, has invented a new
gun which can be carried on a light
wagon. In quarter of ian hour it can
discharge $4,000 projectil les over an area
of % 600 square metres. At distance
of 1896 yards he declares that none of
the present armor plates Or Notifications
are capable of resisting IT,
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
HARD TIMES AT CRYSTAL FALLS.

Mines Close Down and Banks Suspend
Owing to Tight Money Situation.
CRYSTAL FALLS, Mich, June 7.-All
of the mines here except the Mans
field, Claire and Michigan have sus-
pended work, and one of these will
probably close in few days. Both
banks in the city have suspended.
There is no money whateyer.in circu-
lation ALI are leaving who can secure
tickets to travel outupOn.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22

damaged over a large area. A hot south
wind has been blowing over the fields
OF South Dakota for ten days and not a
drop Of moisture has fallen. The sur
face of the ground is so parched that
unless rain comes this week thousands
OF acres OF grain will not be worth har-
VeSting
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
EAZlLIAN WARSHIPS SAIL.

'he Colombian Fleet Leave New
VII York for Rio.
YORK, June 14.-The Brazilian
snips Aquidaban and Tiradentes
kaneI;rlni from this port to-day for Rio de
denies capt. Comes, of the Tira-
Brazilian Brazil sad before sailing that the
reach P;o squadron would probably
The Rraa 1H ue Janeiro about July 10.
on its w "arlian warship Republica is now
s way DOWN the Brazil coast.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
Two Rig Fires Fires.

HARRISBURG, Pa, June l6.-The High
spire distillerv burned tonight, with
5000 barrels of whisky, entailing a loss
Of 100000 The fire is supposed to
have been incendiary.
SCRANTON, Pa, June l5.-The princi-
pal buildings in the town of Dundoff
burned this morning. Loss, S150,000.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
Fatal Fire at Coney Island.

COMFY ISLAND, n. Y. June 17.-This
resort was visited by another bad fire at
an early hour this morning resulting in
of property, the burning to death of
John Madden, volunteer fireman, and
the slight burning of several others.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
TRIAL OF ARTHUR'S CASE.
The Action for 100000 Damages to
Come Up on September 1S.

W~UVtUUV UIMAkBB 10
Come Up on Septe mber ID.
CLEVELAND, O., June 15.-Judge Kicks,
of the United States circuit court, has
fixed the date for the trial of the most
important case on his docket. 1t is that
brought against Chief 2. M. Ar
thur of the Brotherhood of
Locomotive Engineers, for $780,
600 damages for alleged encour-
agcment of the recent strike on the Ann
Arbor road at Toledo. A special ar
gument of the case has been made for
Monday, September Is. 1t will be heard
at Toledo before special jury The
case has provoked widespread discus
1iOn
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
Powder Magazine Explodes.

ATHENS, June l6.-A government
powder magazine at Scaramanga, few
miles from this city, exploded to-day;
Twenty persons. including officers ana
soldiers, were killed, ana great Damage
was done to surrounding properly.
no Crown Prince has gone to the scene
70 mid the sufferers. The loss is esti-
mated at S,0O0,000.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
- H
THE COMPANY.
ut of the Cassell Com
S0S "a FAilnra

Irownoa sAt of the Cassen Com
a 1,n1 6ses a Failure.
. l,tno, June 19.-Justice Law
It ono supreme court, has APP
ed nv fy j. Braker receiver of the
lard fishing Company in an action
tar H. S. Archer, director and
+ 1ce-president on allegations
rs become insolvent. The COM
nnancial condition is attributed
president, Oscar M. Durham,
e Sl6S, 900 worth Of notes for his
hgauon, it is declared. Durham
TO have disappeared.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
.,s.eece Taking a Shake Up.

AruENs, June ia repetition! OF
o.rthn,,aIes is reported from various
co.. ,,arts IF Greece. Serious damage was
p pa,. n Thebes, where houses are III
rims and the inhabitants are camping
ont in tents.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
six-story Chicago Building Burned.

CHICAGO, H., June 1S.--A six-story
building at Wabash Avenue and Con-
gress Street was entirely destroyed by
fire to-day. The structure was oc-
cupied by number Of firms whose
combined losses aggregate $500, 600.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
EDWIN BOOTHS BEQUEST.
He is Said to Have Left 800 900 to tho
Players Club.

New YORK, June 14.-It is rumored
that Edwin Booth, after making provi-
sion for his daughter, Mrs Grossman,
left the greater part of his estate, val
ued, it is said, at not more than $780,
600, to the Players Club. The will will
not be offered for probate for several
DAYS,
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
ATTN the Nortbyes, Noo.,s ~;

~ N"FtnWeSt Needs Rain.
~ AZ +, ANN, June 1.-THE rain
T. ' $50, i1r To-day in the Northwest
= ll"i service did not come, and
4 ITO no longer any doubt but that
0"NS gram has been seriously
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1893-06-22
;IGERFEST HALL.

I SNXUA8nW II Ouuu 10
letory.
EIllle 14.-The big
Nrluln rang with music
terday afternoon.
Iollf nd voices resound-
spacious ball
4 It was the initia-
y building. After
music had pene-
a6 corners of the
4 Vas thoroughly
t1e acoustics were
will seat $4,000
ID for the twenty
ngerfest, which
IL, y, Is and ii.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19

them TO the society, audit is for the pub
LEGATION OF these papers and the discussion
they provoke that the society asks an
appropriation.
Last year at great expense to them
selves the members of the society pub
llshed handsome book containing all
the papers read at the Ormond meeting,
together with the discussion that follow
ed. This book is generally admitted to be
the best collection of horticultural liter
allure ever published. The members of
the society are perfectly willing tofurnish
the "copy' for this publication. but as
the State at large is to be benefited
more than the society or the individual
members they think it is no more than
fair that those who dance should pay, or
at least help pay for the music.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
HEATING ORANGE GROVES.

We have from time to time reproduced
in our columns the accounts OF the meth
DDS tried during the recent orange season
in California of heating groves with petro-
leum as protection against frost. We
hope soon to learn from some of our con-
temporaries in that State what success
has attended the efforts of those growers
who have resorted to this means OF Sc
curing protection. In view Of the surpris-
ing figures published in our issue of the
18th inst of the returns which the Califor-
MIA fruit has been bringing this year, it
becomes an interesting question whether
the returns will justify the outlay. But
the question OF prime Importance, and OF
particular interest to our own growers,
is whether the burning OF petroleum did
actually serve to protect the crops from
the effect OF frost. In reading the accounts
of the plan as practised in California, we
were inclined to think that the number
of burners per acre was much too small
to prove effective, and this is one of the
important points, for, just as it is the
two or three frozen oranges in a box
that spoil the sale of the good ones, so
would the freezing OF the fruit on a tree
here and there render nugatory the out
lay upon the plant requisite to heat the
grove. We hope our California friends
will soon let us hear whether the plan
was a success or not. Some OF the grow
ers IN this neighborhood we understand,
tried the effects Of burning lightwood fire
through the grove during thesevere frost
of January. Let us hear from them what
success attended their endeavOrs
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
A MODEST REQUEST.

At the meeting OF the State Horticul-
tural Society at Pensacola last week a
very modest, and in our opinion, reason
able request was made of the Florida
legislature, now in session. This same
request has been made before, and with
out avail, but this time We trust our law
makers will look at the matter in more
liberal light, more patriotic light and
grant the request Of those who have done
more, and will do more for the upbuilding
of the State than any other class of men.
The request was that the legislature ap-
propriate to the society sufficient money
for the publication of the proceedings of
their annual meeting. This amount will
be small, few hundred dollars, and be-
sides being an assistance to a society
and a body of men that are worthy
OF encouragement, the book in which the
proceedings are published will be valu-
able one and will save the citizens OF the
commonwealth thousands of dollars at
least it will save this amount to those
who are engaged in the business of fruit
raising This saving will be accomplished
by disseminating information that the
members of the society have acquired in
the expensive school OF experience, and
which they give to the world in their pa
pers read at the annual meetings. This
information may save others who have
not had the experience from many costly
and perhaps fatal steps in the conduct OF
their business.
A word in reference. to these papers:
Before each annual meeting the president
of the society selects committees upon
the various subjects OF interest to fruit
growers OF the State. These committees
are selected with great care, and only
those are appointed as committeeman
who have experience with the matters
they are selected to investigate. These
committees prepare reports and submit
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19

cured a sample Of the Leonardy pomito from G.
L. Butler, of st. Augustine. which was magnif-
icent frut-the finest of the kind we have ever
tasted. The desirable acid of the grape fruit
was present, but it's sharpness was toned down
and softened, and the flavor was simply delicious.
The rind was there and the rag less promi-
nent than in most of the other varieties.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
EDITORIAL CHAT.

We owe an apology to our friend the
Dispatch. The article on Pineapples which
appeared in recent number of this journal by
Mr.. Beach. should have been credited to it.
The credit properly given in an introduce
ton to the article, but unfortunately this para
graph was overlooked in making up.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 10, 1898.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.

FLORIDA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY,"
First Session-Address of Welcome; Re
spouse; The Presidents Address: :..24l
Secretary s Report, Treasurers Report Pap
Report of Committee on Irrigation .....242, 243
244 245
FARM, GROVE AND GARDEN-Work for
Incompatible Doses.
A Glance backward ........................"...249
Hillsborough County Celery Farm....25l
The Advantage OF Gypsum; Heating Or
ange Groves; About Nitrogen.
FLORAL DEPAR TMENT--Acaca Cattley
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES; Some Floral Experiences
Another Prize Offer.
HOUSEHOLD DEPARTMENTAL Sermon in
Rhyme; Not Measures, But Rules; Table
Manners for Children; F or the Kitchen. ...25O
253
Inc PuZZler...
FLORIDIANA.. ........................2 55
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
ABOUT NITROGEN.

Nitrogen is the most expensive, impor-
tant and effective element Of plant,food,
and at the same time is one that is gen-
orally deficient in the soil.
There are a great many sources of nj
trogen, such as sulphate OF ammonia,
which is obtained during the process of
making gas, dry ground fish, cotton
seed meal, dried blood, leather scraps,
etc. But none of these furnish nitrogen
in the form in which it is taken up by
plants--namely, nitric acid. This can
only be furnished to plants in the form
OF nitrates. Nitrogen applied in any
other form has to be converted into
nitrate before it can be taken up by the
plants, says little pam phlet by Joseph
Harris, entitled Food for Plants"
A nitrate is the result of a union be-
tween nitric acid and~an element called q
CHASE" Nitric acid contains the nitro
gen that is necessary for the growth Of
plants. 1t unites with many different
elements, and forms number of salts
that are useful for many purposes. For
inst ance. when united with potash it
forms nitrate of potash, or what is COM
monty called entire" or ''saltpetre;"
when united with soda it forms nitrate
of soda, which is the best form in which
to furnish nitrogen to plants. When we
say the pest form we mean the best prac-
tical form. Nitrate ofpotash (saltpetre)
would be just as good too, but is much
expensive. Nitrate of soda not only fur
nishes nitrogen in it's most available
form, but it furnishes it at lower price
than almost any other source. The ex-
ceptions are few organic substances in
which nitrogen exists in an insoluble
form.
Nitrate OF soda is found in vast guam
titles in the north OF Chill, South Amer
lea. The beds of nitrate, or ''Caliche, ''as
it is called in Chilli before it is refined, are
several thousand feet above the sea, on
a desert plain extending for seventy-fve
Inll0S uOFUu duU SOuCu3 anu dOOuU CW0uUV
miles wide, is a rainless region. The sur
face of the desert is covered with earth
or rock, called 'costra," which varies
from three to ten or more feet in thick
ness. Under this is found the "caliche,"
or crude nitrate The layer of ''caliche''
is sometimes eight or ten feet thick, but
averages about three feet. This "caliche'
contains on the average about so per
cent. of pure nitrate of soda.
The "calche" is refined by boiling in
water to dissolve the nitrate. The hot
water is then run off and allowed to cool
in tanks, when the nitrate forms in crys-
tails like common salt. The nitrate is
then placed in bags OF about three hun
dred pounds each and shipped to all
parts of the world. Nitrate OF soda, as
exported. contains about 15A per cent.
nitrogen. The export of nitrate OF soda
from Chill, in the year 1890, amounted
to over a million tons of 2, 24O pounds
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
One of our exchanges says:

Sometime ago Mr.. E. F. Sperry drove lot
of nails into the LeConte pear trees on his city
lot, and they are now holding theirfruit, some
thing they have failed to do in any previous sea-
SON." This item is worth of notice. In the
long ago rusty nails were considered q remedy
for the blight of the pear.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
ADVERTISING RATES.

Rates for advertising furnished on application,
by letter or in person.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19

Speed the day when this industry may
be developed, and become source of
profit equally to the producers and con-
sumers.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
THE ADVANTAGE OF GYPSUM.

State, of one which, it seems probable
from collection of available statistics,
might be profitably carried on in Florida
and one which certainly would be a most
desisable and serviceable one to the agri-
cultural community. The cotton, the
tobacco, and the fruit crops in general,
together with the phosphate and the
lumber trades, all have their place in His
Excellency's message; but we could ear
nestly wish that the mining of gypsum
might obtain and merit mention by be-
coming one of Flcrida's regular and
most prosperous industries.
1t seems certain from available sources
of information,-e especially the researches
of our able State chemist THAT this val
liable commodity not only exists in the
State in large quantities, and with a
wide area of distribution, but that it ex
lists in such condition as to DE able to
be very easily and cheaply mined, and
rendered very servceable for the needs OF
agriculture, if not for other commercial
purposes; in fact it appears that the COM
modify occurs in many localities in
pOwdery condition, needing neither
grinding nor other elaborate treatment
to make it ready for use.
1t need hardly be said that this is a
highly important property OF the Florida
gypsum deposits, as generally the cost Of
do ho Of
mining. While it seems probable that
the product could be very cheaply rem
dered available as Plaster of Paris for
the many purposes to which that useful
commodity is applied, it is for agricuI-
tural uses that we would fain see the
development OF the industry. That sui
phate OF lime has direct value as a fer
tilizer cannot be doubted. There is a
tale that BENJAMIN Franklin wrote, This
has been Plas tered" in large characters
in gypsum on field, and that the words
could be read there as long as the crop
was left on the ground.
1t was long believed that gypsum was
good as a fertilizer sorey through fixing
ammonia from the air; but this belief has
long since been exploded. 1t plays quite
as important a part in the soil by it's
property OF setting potash free from the
acids which have fixed it. The lime of the
gypsum is fixed in the soil in place of the
potash, which goes into solution in the
form OF sulphate, and is then at once
available Dis plant food.
However, it is owing to it's wonderful
affinity for the most expensive element Of
plant food (ammonia) that the extended
use of gypsum is so desirable, and also
as an absorbent, in which capacity it
plays most useful part if judiciously
used. We think the average farmer would
be surprised if he knew what large
amount of ammonia he could be saving
annually in a most valuable form if he
could make it u rule to sprinkle pound
or two of gypsum every day in the stable,
the COW stall, and the hen house. OF
course the price of gypsum delivered to
us here from outside the State is the prin-
cipal obstacle to it's liberal use for these
purposes, but when we have it at our
very doors in acondition perfectly adapt
ed to this end, and in such a form that
it might be put on the market at q very
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19

During the past year it has been
our pleasure to sample many OF the new varie
ties OF the pomilo that have been produced in
Florida. Some of the fruit was good and some
OF it almost bad. Last week, however, we Sc
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
The following wise words we find il

The following wise words we lind in
one of our Exchanges: Orange growers are learn
ing more every year about shipping thefruit az
ter it is grown, and the knowledge acquired
means death to the system of consigning the
fruit The most successful growers are those
who sell at home. Long ago they found out to
their sorrow that cOnsigning partakes too
much of the uncertainties of the grab bag.
Northern producers do not consgn their apples
and onions, potatoes. etc, and what is good for
the northern producer is certainly good for the
Florida producer.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19
TO CORRESPONDENTS,

Articles relating to any topic within the scope
Of this paper are solicited.
We cannot promise to return rejected manu-
script unless stamps are enclosed.
All communications intended for publication
must be accompanied with real name, as a guar
antee of good faith. Names will not be published
if objection is made. No anonymous contribu-
tions will be regarded.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19

BI-Money should be sent by Draft, Postoffce
Money Order on DeLand, or Registered Letter,
case of loss when personal checks are used
change must be added. Only l. and 2-cent stamp s
taken where change cannot be had
RdrTo insure insertion, all advertisements for
this paper must be received by 10 O'Clock Monday
morning of each week.
HYSubscribers when writing to have the ad-
dress of their paper changed, MUST give the old
as we'll address,.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-04-19

Entered at the postof1ce at DeLand, Florida, as
y econd Glass matter.
The Wilmington daily Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1890-1902, 1893-09-01

Those whose mission in life it is to en-
terrain the public are always pestered
by friends and acquaintance for free
seats at their entertainments. There
probably never was singer or an actor
or pianist who was not bored nearly to
death by these people, many of whom
had not the slightest claim to ask the
courtesy they demanded.
A pianist who was prominently sue
cessful in his day, and that day was not
far back either, was Rubinstein, who
Travelled nearly the whole world over de-
lighting people with his genius. He,
like all others, was very much annoyed
by requests for complimentary tickets,
but most of the time he maintained his
composure, even though justly irritated.
1t is told of him that just before one OF
his recitals in London he was accosted
by an old lady in the entrance hall and
thus addressed:
"Oh, Mr.. Rubinstein, am SO glad tc
sec you'll have tried in vain to pur.
chase a ticket. Have you seat you
could let me havef
Madam" said the great pianist,
"there is but one seat at my disposal
and that you are welcome to if you think
fit to take il"
"Oh, yes, and thousand thanks
Where is itt' was the excited reply.
"At the piano." smilingly replied Ru-
instein.-Harper's Young People.
The Wilmington daily Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1890-1902, 1893-09-01

Nearly all the grains now In use are Of
unknown antiquity. Wheat was cuIti-
vated In all ATTITUDES rs far back In the
past as we have authentic knowledge.
Barley ID thought to have originated in
the Caucasus, but it was known and
used everywhere in the most ancient
times. Oats, like rye, were unknown in
ancient India and Egypt and among the
Hebrews. Tho Greeks and Romans re-
ceived 1t from the north Of Europe. Had
there been an early civilization on this
continent the wild oats found here and
there would probably have developed
into the useful cereal now considered alb
solutely essential to the proper nourish-
ment.of horses. This continent is cred
tied with having given Indian corn to
the old world, but this useful cereal was
doubtless known in India and China
many hundred years before the discov-
cry of America.
Cotton was used for making garments
in India at date so remote that it can
not even be guessed at. The fact is men
toned by Aristotle. The first seeds were
brought to this country in 1881. In 1866
the culture is mentioned in the records
of South Carolina. In 1885 the culture
was general along the eastern coast OF
Maryland, and in 1776 we heard Of it as
far north as Cape May. The use of fax
for making clothing is nearly as ancient
as that of cotton and perhaps more So
plants of soft and flexible fiber having
been without doubt among the first veg.
etabIe PRODUCTIONS of the ancient world
and their practical value discovered soon
after the invention Of weaving.-San
Francisco Chronicle.