davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1893-05-18

gate ,yelpts at the Columbia Fair
will need to exceed daily average
of $4,000 for the 1873 days from
May 1 to November 1. Sundays
included. That means 10000
paid admissions each day, which
about four times the average
number up to date.
The Chaplain of ther Senate of
Nevada has been accused of
plagiarism. One of the members
complained that the good mai
introduced in his remarks the other
day, the same ideas the Senator
had heard expressed at a funeral
two years ago. Inquiry shows that
it was the Lords prayer that the
Senator had reference to.
1t is SAID that the ants are
grooming ex-President Chamber
lain as their candidate for Governor
in 1894. With that rape-endorsing
platform on which he could stand,
it would be a very suitable COM
bination, and as strong one as
they can we'll make.-Ex.
We don't believe a word of that.
There is no anti in this State so
foolish as to take up with Cham
berlain openly. Chamberlain will
have 1is finger deep in the political
pie next year, no doubt, but he
will be out of sight, behind the
curtain; but all the same he'll be
pulling the wires.
-
The efforts of Jervey to get out of
prosecuting the Denmark lynchers,
on the ground, that it would be
unconstitutional, so to do is very
weak. and silly 1t shows that Till
him in tbe hole and he
don't know how to get out. Solicitor
Brawley was sent to Edgefeld
nearly as core years ago,to prose-
cute in case inwhich the solicitor,
Youmans,was disqualified, ,or rather
he, Youmans,asked to be relieved
from the prosecution. Still later
Solicitor Cothrane, of Abbeville,wa
sent here by the governor to prose-
cute Clisby for the killing of Bland,
Solicitor Bonham asking to be re-
lieved. We also remember that
Judge Mackey was sent here to
hold court in place of Judge
These precedents show
that Jervey has no ground to stand
on and no good reasons why he
should not undertake the prose-
cution of the Denmark lynchers.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1893-05-18
Eighteen banking institutions
went under, or up the swamp, in
Indiana last week.

1t is staSed that president
Cleveland made one million dol
lars during the last Congress by
operating in Wall Street. That is
a conservative statement of his
profits" This we get from the
Columbia State, supposed to be
friendly to the President.
On last Thursday and Friday
the heaviest fall of rain ever
known in that region occurred in
Southwest Texas. Thousands of
acres of farming lands were COW
cred with water from a depth of
two to five feet. We in South
Carolina don't know anything of
such disastrous downpours as this.
Assistant Attorney General
Buchanan has decided that the
property of incorporated towns
and villages is subject to taxation.
Such property generally consists
of wagons, carts, wheelbarrows,
etc., used for working the streets,
and does not amount to much in
any single case, but in the aggre-
CRATE will foot up good round
sum.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1893-05-18

The place of poet laureate of
England, made vacant by the death
of Tennyson, has been offered to
the art critic John Ruskin.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1893-05-18

When you find a men eternally
harpiug on the greatness of his
ancestors, you may be sure that he
is nothing much himself.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1893-05-18

The missionaries in China report
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1893-05-18
EDITo--.AL PARAGRAPHS.
Iowa raised 22o million bushels
Of coz last year.

The Southern Baptist conven-
ton is in session at Nashville,
Tenn, this week.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1893-05-18

The Southern Baptist Conven-
ton will meet nextyear in Dallas.
This will great Texas trip.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

four parts, divided in graceful proportion
Above the roof Of the main building rises
the base Of the external construction of the
dome. In the form of a massive molding.
Above this rises a drum Of iron pillars,
encfrcling an open gallery and supporting
a balcony above, enctrcling the base of the
minor cylinder. This minor cylinder forms
the third external division of the structure
and Is pierced with long slender windows
Then resting on the brackets which crown
this section rises the ellipse Of the dome to
the foot Of the cluster Of columns which
surround the lantern and support the pedes-
tai OF the figure Of Freedom. The columns
encfrcling the dome near the base, forming
the great open gallery which first strike
the eye on viewing the structure, are thirty
six In number and Of the Corinthiah order,
with balustrade above the capitals.
Constructed of Iron.
The dome is built entirely Of iron above
the main building, the iron plates being
bolted together. and is 2S5 feet from the
ground to the statue and 135 feet in diameter
at the base. The inner construction of the
dome proper differs from that without in
that the arch springs from the first balcony
in the lines Of a perfect ellipse to the base
Of the lantern cupola, and the shape is like
the pointed end of an egg. This eiiiptical
arch Is composed of heavy iron braces to
which the outer shell is bolted by a network
OF iron Orders. Within this is the domed
ceiling of the rotunda, duplicating the form
Of the outer dome. The staircase is con-
structed between the inner and outer shell
OF the dome. The first landing Is at the
Corinthian gallery of the outer DOME to
which there is corresponding balustraded
balcony within the rotunda about half way
between the floor and the ceiling. The
staircase here pierces the walls of the dome
and Is partially visible from within until 1t
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

It takes but a cursory view of the present
condition of the people of Christendom to
recognize the lberalizing effect Of our gov
eminent upon their civil Institutions 1t
has been well said by a late writer that "at
the close of the American revolution there
was in the old world only one free nation
and no democracy. In Europe there now
remains but two strong monarchies-those
of Russia and Prussia-while America,
scarcely excepting Brazil and Canada, is
entirely lat least in nance republican"
Since he wrote Brazil has dethroned her
king and adopted a republican form of gov
eminent, and there Is a strong movement
in Canada toward union with the United
States But while other nations have fol-
lowed more or less closely in our footsteps,
striving to enjoy our freedom, how wonder
full has been our progress in all that makes
a nation great! When we consider the en-
larged extent of our territory, the increase
Of our population, our progress in the arts
and sciences. in commerce, in wealth and
in knowledge, we are forced to exclaim
God has blessed us, and has made His face
to shine upon u.s.
With the history Of this progress this
Capitol has been intimately connected
Here the chief executives Of the nation
have taken the oath of office and made
their communications with Congress-. Here
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

feet each for committees and clerks rooms.
Many designs were submitted, but none of
them We're finally adopted as a whole and
the original designs have not been pre-
served. They were all, however, crude.
One submitted by George Turner contained
the first suggestion of a dome. This idea
pleased Washington, and was incorporated
into the designs adopted and developed. A
plan presented by William Thornton of
Philadelphia was awarded the first prize,
and the second prize. which, on account of
the merit of the plan, was made of equal
value with the first prize, was awarded to
stephen Hallette, also of Philadelphia
thornton not being an architect, his draw
Ing was merely a rough ideal design, and 1t
was valuable only for the general idea of
the building 1t presented. The drawing was
therefore turned over to Hallette by Mr.
JEFFERSON. then Secretary of State to be
perfected and put into practical form, and
the plan finally produced was the sole work
OF no particular man, but was a composite
work, In which almost all had hand Hal
iette was appointed architect Of the Capitol,
and was the first of the line of those who
have held that position. The Others In
succession, have been George Hadfield.
James Hoban, Benjamin Latrobe. Charles
Bullhnch, Thomas U. Walter and Edward
Clark.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18
He CAPT. OIL, DE CEN Der 1887

reaches the arch of the ceiling, which 1t
follows from the exterior, between the in
ner and outer shells of the dome. Here is
another balcony surrounding the exterior
of the dome. from which a magnificent
view Of the city and surrounding country
may be had. The stairs then lead to an in
terror balcony around the eye Of the in
ner DOME which is 60 feet in diameter This
balcony looks down into the rotunda and
just above it is the great canopy Of allie
gorical paintings, which. seen from the
floor Of the rotunda, completes the concave
ceiling. The stairs then take an angle out
ward and pass above and over this canopy
to the upper balcony which surrounds the
base of the lantern cupola. Still higher up
is the lantern loft, where the lights burn
during a night session, and above all stands
the figure of Freedom.
No adequate idea Of the grace and beauty
of this structure can be given in any de-
scription. All the lines are graceful and
the whole appearance is of massiveness
Painted white, the whole structure appears
to be Of marble. Growing the dome, the
figure of Freedom stands facing the rising
sun, to which she slightly inclines her head
as the morning or evening rays expand one
side or the other of the iron dome.
The ROtunda.
The grand rotunda within this dome is
ninety-seven feet in diameter and the con-
cave ceiling at the highest point Is 1So feet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18
THE ANCIENT GAVEL.
1t IL Now I'm the Possession Of Potomac
Lodge.

1t IL Now In the Possession Of Potomac
Lodge.
The handsome marble gavel used by Pres
ident George Washington at the LAYING of
the corner stone Of the United States Cap
itol 100 years ago is now in possession of the
Potomac Lodge of Masons of GEORGETOWN.
by whom it is guarded with care almost
amounting to generation. For fear that 1t
might be stolen or injured it was ordered
years ago to place the precious relic in the
strong vaults Of the Farmers and Me-
chanics' Bank. and from there it has never
been removed. except on the order Of the
lodge. No one man is allowed to take it in
his possession. even for a day. Whenever
the lodge is requested to allow the gavel to
leave the vaults to be used at some corner
stone laying a committee of three is always
appointed to bear the relic company until
its return.
The gavel has been in the possession of
the lodge since the day President Washing
ton presented 1t to Master Valentine Rent
eel of Columbia, No. 10, of Maryland which
later became known as Potomac Lodge, No.
s. The. presentation took place imme diate-
ly after the ceremonies of the day which
Is now celebrated had been concluded.
The gavel is of fine quality of marble,
slightly yellowish in appearance, and about
eight inches long.
1t once received through an accident a
severe fall. which Clipped several pieces
from one Of the faces, but these are now
held In place by bright gold bands
An appropriate inscription Is ON the NAL
let.
In the early days Of the mallet It was
stolen at one Of the corner stone layings
which took place in Washington, and was
recovered some time later way up In Mas
sachusetts. where 1t had been sold to q
junk dealer.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

OF our race, as the most worthy Of the hui
man family. He brought forth the noun
tains and filled them with all the mineral
wealth needed by the most civilized of men,
He placed the mountain ranges as sentinels
along the shores. charging them to arrest
the clouds which arise from the seas, and
force them TO water and enrich the earth.
DE placed the great valleys between, and
caused them Ito bring forth grass. the
herb yielding seed. and the fruit tree yield
ing fruit after his kind" suited for the sus-
tenance OF a great nation. He caused deep
rivers to flow from the mountains, to the
north and to the south, to the east and to
the west He placed the gulf in the south
and the lakes in the north, and made them
with the rivers. convenient highways for
the commerce Of a great end prosperous
people, and He threw over the whole the
temperate zone. Having fitted this CONT
nent for the abode of a people advanced to
the highest point of human progress, He
hid 1t from the eyes Of civilized man. and
consigned II to the keeping OF a savage
race. Ignorant of its wealth, they knew no
use OF its grand forests. except to hunt in
them; Of its broad rivers and lakes except
to hsh in them; nor of its productive SOIL
except to soak II with the blood Of contend
ing tribes. Thus this rich continent best
fitted of all for the abode Of civilized man.
was guarded and kept undisturbed for ages.
till in the fullness of time God had trained
up people worthy to enjoy II.
The wonderful training Of that people Is
one OF the grandest lessons of history.
EnElnnd's Debt TO America
We have been taught that America is
indebted to Great Britain for her greatness
but in truth Great Britain is indebted to
America for its existence among the ma
tons Of the earth. The gulf stream. rising
In the torrid zone. after issuing from the
Gulf of Mexico takes its course northward
along the northeastern shore of North
America, by which IL is DETECTED till IL
turns across the Atlantic and reaches the
British Isles, rescuing them from the en-
brace Of the frigid zone, giving them a
temperate climate suited to the development
OF the highest type OF manhood and fur
nishing them with the moisture needed for
rich vegetation. Through this silent, IN
recognized influence. exe-ted through un-
numbered years. these isles have been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18


vision. as out of the clouds Begun in poy-
erty with slow and uncertain progress
and almost destroyed by an invading foe
before its completion. its construction in
the main, was finished at the close of the
great civil war, and with peculiar signifi-
canoe and fitness the figure of Freedom
was placed on the dome during the very
midst OF that great struggle. 1t is a re-
marxable illustration of the stability OF the
government, and the sturdy faith of our
people, that during the four years that the
battle sounds of internal strife were heard
throughout the country the work was con-
tinued on this building. Since then IL has
been added 10 and changed. but in 80 it
was a complete building. Grand in it's ar
chiteCtural form. fun of proud associa tons.
the stone floors worn by the foot treads of
the great men of this country passing with
the passing years. IL Is to the American the
temple OF liberty.
The Original Designs.
The building had in mind when on the
18th OF September. 1893. George Washing
ron laid the corner stone. amid pomp and
ceremony. was nothing Ike that Of the
resent day.
When the Congress at Philadelphia in
strUctei Washington and three commission
ers appointed by him to see to the erection
Of a suitable public building for a legisla-
1--WE nall at the permanent seat of govern
uic1t an advertisement for designs was
published. specifying that the building was
20 be or brick with a conference room and
4 room for the Represents each to ac-
commodete 30 persons. witt ii ls4.r. ~ ...- -
chamber; a Senate room of 200 square feet
= 49, lobby and twelve rooms Of enO square
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

directly on the roof of the central mart ~
tne building. What is known as the dome
S 5uay Is really more than dome; 1t is
Gome resting on cylindrical structure.
Ing great orum or cylinder is built from
ana intersectng arches known as the crypt.
II rises TO height which would cores
pond 10 -FOUR stories, when 1t is surmounted
considerable height and is then topped off
with immense brackets. from which rises
the elliptical arch of the dome proper 1t
Is practically terraced drum surmounted
with a dome, and with all the rest of the
building torn away 1t would stand there a
complete structure. not entirely without
grace and beauty. To the general view
from without the structure is presented in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

social life, and administrative order 70
manned Roman, and the conQuerors becams
assimilated with the conquered The resuls
was peoples dominated by the Latin race.
But in England the result was far differ.
ent: there the Roman organization Of gov
eminent and society disappeared with the
people that used Il. and a purely German
nation rose in its stead; a nation whoee Vi
tality was sufficient to absorb and aasimis
late the Danes and the Normans that In
succession conquered the island For more
than one thousand years before the dfscov.
cry Of America this people advanced I'm
civilization in their isolated island home.
Within a century and a half from the hand
ing OF Hengest upon the isle Of Thanet on
the coast OF England. Augustine. with .
band OF monks. landed on the same epot
and introduced Christianity, which soon
suppianted the worship OF Odln, and gave
a new and powerful impulse % the advance
ment Of the nation. In the fifteenth cen
fury, when the light OF the new learning
broke upon the darkness OF the middle aees
IL shone on no land with greater lustef
than on England, nor with greater pracc.
cal effects. One Of the results Of the mem
tai activity which this revival OF learning
stirred in Europe was the daring voyage
of Columbus In search of a new passagS
to the Indies. which led TO the discovery Of
America The sovereigns of Spain. who
fitted out his feet. claimed the new worl6
their possession The pope OF Rome
claimed the right to divide II between Spain
and Portugal For one hundred years the
Spanish race were allowed To settle and oc~
cupy IL at will. and during that time they
demonstrated their unfitness to be its pos
SCISSORS. The same sovereigns who equipped
the feet of Columbus Instituted that rnosf
cruel OF all instruments OF torture and rse
pacity. the Spanish inquisition and under
it's malign influence Spain attempted q
stamp out Professionalism in Europe. II was
with the same heartless cruelty and greed
that the Spaniards murdered and robbed
the natives OF America. but their thirst foT
gold reacted on their own land in the me-
glect Of the Industries which lie at the tasis
OF a nations prosperity. At the end of the
century the population OF Spain had de-
creased four millions. while the greaS agri.
cultural and commercial interests Of the
nation were in a visible decay. IL was evs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

The Christian churches have more than
kept pace with the increase of population,
and they have at least 100000 members.
Nor are we behind any other nation in our
charitable institutions and common schools.
The Voice of History.
As our wonderful progress as a nation Is
mainly due to our free institutions, It
seems appropriate to this occasion that we
review briefly their origin and growth. Let
us approach the task reverently, for in lis
tening TO the voice Of history we will recog-
nize the voice Of God. and in studying the
past Alright we must need discover the
Divinity which shapes our ends.
1t is an ennoblng thought that from the
day that God said. Let the waters under
the heaven be gathered together unto one
place, and let the dry land appear" He be-
gan to prepare this continent for the abode
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-09-18

balcony. The wall from the floor half way
! to this balcony is divided into a series Of
pilasters. which support the first enrabla-
ture. into which are interviewer wreaths
OF olive. These panels are decorated with
eight immense historical oil paintings set
INTO the walls, with a fiat surface, and
| framed In heavy holdings. Each of these
contains from twenty to a hundred life-size
figures. which are portraits of historical
characters taking part in the scenes repre-
scented. -Four Of these paintings-The Sign
Ing Of the Declaration Of Independence The
surrender Of Burgoyne, The Surrender of
CORVALLIS and Gen. Washington Resigninz
HIS Commission-were painted by Trum-
other four are The Landing of Columbus
by John Vanderlyn; The Discovery OF the
Mississippi River. by W. H. Powell: The
Baptism Of Pocahontas, by J. G. Chapman,
Robert w. Wier
There are four entrances to the rotunda,
one from each of the four points Of the
compass. Over each entrance is a basso-
relieve. representing scene in American
history. Over the northern door leading to
the Senate wing is a representation of WILL
lam Penn engaged in making a treaty with
Indians; hanging over the heads of the
group are the branches of a spreading elm
This sculpture is by Gezelot, Frenchman
Over the southern door Is a representation
OF Daniel Boone, the pioneer of Kentucky,
battling with two Indians. This is the work
Of Causci
The landing Of the pilgrim fathers on
Plymouth Rock Is sculptured over the east
ern door. and over the western door is the
scene Of the rescue Of Capt. Smith from the
Indians by Pocahontas, by Cappalano.
The Brumfdi Friexe.
Above the panels and bas reliefs is rich
entablature. and over that the famous
frieze by Brumidi and Costiggini, Of which
eighteen Of the nineteen parts have been
finished. one section Of the snare heinD left
bare for the reason that American history
furnished no more suitable subjects, and
for which events must yet develop the de-
sign. This frieze, which is painted to rep
resent bas relief, is generally greatly adj
mired 1t represents in bold design Amer
lea and history, landing of Columbus, Cor
tez and Montezuma, Pizarro invading Peru,
burial Of De Soto in the Mississippi river.
rescue Of John Smith by Pocahontas, land
ing Of the pilgrims, PENIS treaty, colombo
ton Of New England. Oglethorpe and Mus
cogee Indians battle of Lexington, reading