The evening world., 1893-12-19

ClrrlCl lHlS county 10 tlt Ntlst u ClVll
dIscGgi and provoked a natural revulsion.
ISL
burdens and &c relieve manufacturers of
the internal taxes. which they lad used
10 secure compensating duties on like
foreign products. there arose n demand
throughout the country, without respect
10 party. for a reduction "a the war
;ariT.
Unable to resist this demand, the pro-
tected industries bafiied and threatened
any reduction of consequence until 1872.
when they defeated II House bill that did
make n substantial reduction, by sub
shutting u Senate bill which carried
however, as the election of 1874 gave the
next House to the Democratic party,
that bin was repealed by the outgoing
Re~publicanS-and rates restored to what
they we're before 1872.
MORE AND MORE PROTECTION"
And although the demand for tariff
reform and for reduction of taxes has
ever since been II burning ard growing
one in the country. the protected in
d%uatrieS nave eXactcd and received from
every Republican Congress elected since
~ an increase. Of their protection, oc-
casionally permitting the repeal or the
less"ning of n tax that was paid into
the Treasury. In order to keep away
from or 10 increase duties leviei for
their benefit.
Protection, left to It's natural momen-
tum, never stors shor of prohibition, and
be built higher or to be patched and
strengthened. A protective tariff never
has and never can give stability and
satisfaction 70 its W beneiiciaries.
Even If Its victims are too weak or too
scattered to agitate for its decrease.
those beneficiaries are sure to agitate
for an Increase.
When the reform tariff of 1916 was be-
fore Congress, the air. was full OF
prophecies that 1t would destroy our
manufacturing Industries, throw labor
out Of employment, or compel 1t to work
the prosperous growth Of the country.
Every representative of four great
voted against 1t with gloomy forebodings
of its frightening effect. The rate of
duties provided in that tariff was much
lower than those of the bill we here
offer. What was the result?
REDUCTION OF '46 HELPED INDUS
TRY.
Instead of practically killing the in
d~ustries and pauperizing the labor of
New England or the rest of the country,
the tariff of 1916 gave immense vigor to
manufactures with steady employment
and increasing wages to labor. SO that
after eleven years experience under 1t,
tho longest period of stability We have
ever enjoyed under any tariff. the rep
reSentativeS of those same States, with
practical unanimity, voted for a further
reduction of 20 per cent, and by a two
thirds vote sustained the tariff of 1857.
which made a reduction of % per CEN
tum.
CONFINEMENT WITH TARIFF OF 81
And so we'll contented and prosperous
were the manufacturers of that and other
sections Of tn country under the low
rate Of tariff Of ISL that when the Nor;
step there was a general protest against
The Hon. Alexander Rice. of Massa-
chusctts, said in the House:
The manufacturer asks no additional protection.
He has learned among other things that the
/ greatest evil next to a rninous competition from
4 foreign sources is an excessive protection, which
stimulates q like ruinous and irresponsible COM
| petition at home.
MIR. Sherman. of Ohio, said:
When Mr.. Stanton says the manufacturers are
/ Urging and depressing tho bill, he says what he
must certainly know is not correct: the manu-
: fIcturers have asked over and over again TO be
let alone.
Mr.. Morrill, himself has since said that
\ the tariff of 1861 was not asked for. and
but coldly welcomed by manufacturers.
Senator r. NJ. T. Hunter, of Virginia.
then Chairman OF the Senate Finance
Committee, said:
Have any OF the manufacturers rome here Ia
complainOr ask for new duties? Is IT. not notorious
that II we were to leave 1t to them, the manu-
manufacturers Of hardware, textile fabrics. &c,
there would be a larSe majority against any
change?
~ w nv N''N NIoN wv N''''
dates its revival from the tarin of 1851. which
altered the duties on woolf
Low TARIFF AND PROSPERITY.
The history of American industry
been a more healthy and rapid develop,
ment of our manufacturing industry
than during the fifteen years of low
tariff from 1916 to 1861. nor a more
culture and all the other industries OF
the country.
| No chapter in our political experience
carries with 1t a more salutary lesson
! than this. and none could appeal more
, strongly to lawmakers to establish n just
and rational system of public revenues,
slant blood-letting. o keeping manu-,
lecturers alternating between Chills and
f~evers by ARTIFICIAL %pampering. In this
direction alone lies stability. concord OF
sections and of great INDUSTRIES.
We lay already said that public dis
cussion may disclose errors of minor de.
tail in the schedules Of the bill. To es'
cape such errors would require so thor
ough and minute n knowledge of all the
divisions. subdivisions, complex anC
manifold mazes and involutions of oul
chemical. textile. metal and other indus,
ui"S that no committee of Congress; ne
natter how extended the range of theil
personal knowledge, or how laboriou.
and painstaking their efforts. could evel
We nave not forgotten that we repre-,
s"nt the people, who are the many, as
We'll as the protected interests who are
"" few, and while we have dealt witt
The latter in no spirit of unfriendli,
Nes", we nave felt that 1t was our duty
an! not their privilege to make tariff
Schedules.
Those who concede the right of bone
hciarios to fix their own bountios mus
nrcr-s lrily commit to them the framing
1NI wording Of laws by when tno,,
]bount.es are secured to them.
C0NGRI:S$MEN AS AMANUENSES
a committee OF Congress thus become!
merely the amanucnsis OF the prctectc'
interests. IT has been show so clearl,
ana 81 often in the debates of thi!
House that nearly every importan
schedule of the existing law was mad,
In its very words and figures by repre
tcntttives of the interests IL was framed
10 protect that il Is unnecessary in gu
rtnort 10 present the record proof o
mis- fact; but 1t may not he amiss L
cite further evidence to show that this
IS not only the necessary rule. but tn,
open and aVowed method of framinl
protective tariffs.
TARIFF IN THE GOTH CONGRESS.
Nh"n the Sena.e substitute for tn,
GGill passed by the House in the Fiftietl
SStSre3S-which substitute is a real basi
Gl IN" existing law-was being prepared
senator lioar, OF Massachusetts, appear
~ before the Senate subcommittee anC
used tbs language:
.Ml'sl OF coming before your 10
L,mS' hGarlng on our Massachusetts industries