davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pawtucket tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 1890-189?, 1893-01-02

to the first convenient landing place, and
built his house near the Cambridge city
hospital. Over the waters that are now
the Back bay the ships OF Lief Erikson
,wam bravely, and out at the end Of Com
monwealth avenue there Ia a noble statue
Of Lief Erikson. This statue was put
there by Professor Horsford 10 indicate
the place where the keel OF Erikson's ship
grated on the shore.
For several years he did nothing but
work on his plans for demonstrating
beyond peradventure that the lost city
founded by Erikson was built along the
Charles river He met the objections OF
doubters and cavillers with costly maps
and drawings and many elaborate essays.
Pawtucket tribune. (Pawtucket, R.I.) 1890-189?, 1893-01-02
IfouIs rrothSr o.

Fir-t- elias. Ladies' aud Gonts' D4aius Rooms,
corner OF Broad street and Railroad avenue,
Pawtucket. a first class meal is served at q
reasonable price.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
What is Soft Water ?

All natural waters contain q greater
or less amount of mineral water iii
solution. Rain water has the smallest
percentage of solid impurities Of any,
and, therefore, it is taken as the
standard variety of soft water
The terms soft and hard, however,
as applied to water are, scientifically
considered, purely relative.
A water is usually reckoned to be
'soft" when it contains less than l.
5OOOth part of its weight of mineral
ingredients, and "bard" when it con-
tains more than 1-4000th.
Soft waite has the property Of easily
forming lather with soap, and is,
therefore, suitable for washing pur-
poses; while hard water will only form
lather, and that only imperfeciy,
with considerable difficulty.
A mineral water has more than
1-20O0th of its weight of natural dis
solved solids, and a medicinal water is
n variety Of mineral water containing
varying percentage of dissolved nat
ural solid or gaseous acids.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13

lowered the expectation of rubber
shoes, and, although in 1850 13S, $50
pairs were shipped from Brazil, in 1854
expectation ceased, and since then
nothing but smoked rubber has been
exported.
Rubber for foreign trade is divided
into fine, entrefne and sernamby. The
last variety is made from the residues
Of the coagulated sap that escapes from
the cups and flows along the trees or
drips to the ground.
Rubber was first brought to the at
tention of Europeans by La Conda-
mine, a Spanish astronomer. In 1741
he arrived in Para on his return from
a commission, on which he was sent
with other Spanish and French astron-
omers for the purpose of making geo.
detic observations in order to deter
mine the real form of the earth. He
did not confine himself to star-gazing,
for in several important scientific
works which be published he gave Eu-
rope information of great value re-
garding the principal natural products
of Brazil One of them was rubber,
which, up to that time, had been un.
known to Europeans. Chicago Record
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
Vln Curious Indian Custom.

The Indians that formerly inhabi-
tied the northern parts Of New YORK
had remarkable custom which is very
briefly mentioned in the books Of
American antiquities, but it Is so GU
rious as to be worthy Of the investiga-
tion of antiquarlans. When the braves
died the remains were Mt first tempo
rarily inferred, and every tenth year
we're all disinterred and buried in a
common grave. These graves were
simply long trenches, in which dozens,
and in some cases hundreds, of bodies
we're inferred, all the bones being
heaped together without distinction,
no pains being taken to distinguish
between the remains of chieftains and
those of children. There may be such
customs in other parts of the world,
but il such a practice exists elsewhere
in America the historians do not tell
of il.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
INDIA RUBBER.
HOW IT Is GATHERED IN BRA
LILLIAN FORESTS.
Gashing the Rubber Tree and Col
lecting the White Juice-The
Operation of "Smol1ing"--
The Rubber Trade,

\ 7 EVER say that the twelye-foot
y globe in the Brazilian section
of the Shoe and Leather
Q Building is made of 'India
rubber" Call it Para rubber or Baron
de Mnrajo, the Brazilian Commissioner,
will make a correction. He will say
that Para rubber is the best rubber in
the world, and that all other rubbers
are limitations. He will then lead the
way to the enormous rubber sphere,
which has its axis resting on the pol
ished stump Of a rubber tree, and will
point out ten different varieties of
rubber, each from different river.
The Baron is high authority on rub
Der and has all the simple appliances
used by the seringueiro or rubber
gatherer for tapping the trees and col
lecting the milk. He also has the
queer inverted vase-like fumatOry or
furnace, the wooden mold and nuts of
the urucury tree, used as fuel for pre-
pairing the crude rubber.
The seringueiro begins work about
o'clock in the morning. He carries
with him n little hatchet like minia-
ture tomahawk, and going along the
estradO, winding path through the
forest, makes small cuts in the bark of
the rubber tree. Under each cash he
fastens a little tin or clay cup, to col
lect the white sap which drips from
the wound. He goes on blazing line
of trees until noon. Then he retraces
his steps with a bucket or gourd and
collects the sap from the drip cups.
Some of the rubber gatherers prefer
to work at night, and to collect the
milk in the morning. The gatherers
empty their buckets of rubber juice
into a large vessel, and the work of
smoking begins. This is done to
harden the sap.
The furnace is set up in a hut or on
n terrace, and fire is built under it
of the nuts of the urucury, a species of
palm tree. 1t makes n dense smoke,
which pours from the circular opening
in the top of the furnace. The work
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
South and West,

GEORGE McFADDEN was hanged by a mob
near Moore Cross Roads. 5. c. He was ae-
cused Of assaulting Sally DubOse, the sixteen
year-old daughter OF farmer $. c. Dubose.
McFadden was taken before the young
woman. who identified him, and he confessed
his guilt.
FREIGHT train ran into three loaded fiat
cars at Edgemont Ohio. Three tramps
were pinned in the wreckage and literally
boiled to death by the escaping steam.
A PARTY Of seven We're out sailing near the
entrance to Coos Bay, Oregon. when their
boat was capsi1ed by a gust Of wind. and
four OF the party were drowned.
A TORNADO struck the little town OF Hogan.
Ga. and Knocked il all to pieces, killing
boy and injuring seven others.
GOVERNOR JoNEs. Of Alabama, ordered
troops 10 Decatur 10 quell threatened riots
by Louisville & Nashville strikers.
A TRAIN carrying non-union worxmen
from the Big Four Railroad shops 1T Indi-
anoa. Ind, was attacked by crowd OF
sympathizers With the strikers one man was
killed and one injured.
The Democratic State Convention at Lin
coln Neb. declared for prompt and uncon-
dtional silver repeal. and denounced the
movement for commercial division Of the
country.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13

and upper throat or swallowed. while
certain number pass into the air
tubes or lungs. But to drive out all
intrusive germs and particles nature
has established a wonderful arrange
ment. The inferior walls of the wind
pipe and bronchial tubes are lined With
a sort of mosaic of tiny cells. Each OF
these cells stands on end and has sort
of beard of very small hairs at its ex
tremity This beard serves as broom
with which the little cell is constantly
sweeping night and day. So long as
lie stays in the body these thousands
of sweepers go on sweeping all foreign
material up toward the mouth. In
fact, they usually keep at it for long
time after death has arrived, being the
last portions of the body to give it up
and die. Washington Star.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
LITTLE ONE. SLEEP.

Little one. sleep.
Delr withered bud, we will not weep,
For God in His wise Providence
Knew best, and took thy spirit hen;c,
AMI where His angels vigils keep
Little one, sleep
Little one, sleep
In restiul slumbers soft and deep,
Beneath the brown September leaves
Where wind OF autumn means and grieves,
Though wintry tears thy grave shall steep,
Little one, sleep
Little one, sleep!
Sometime the April suns will peep
Above the hills. green leaves will spring
Around thy bed, wild birds will sing
And springtime's earliest roses creep.
Little one, sleep!
Little one, sleep
Never dreaming OF the storms that sweep
The human soul in mortal sin.
With fears without and foes within
New grief on bitterest anguish heap
Little one, sleep!
Little one, sleep
Thy happier lot shall be to reap
joys with no sorrowing seed to SOW,
Smiles where no binding tears shall dow,
From life to life one painless leap-
Little one, sleepl
Little one, sleep
Thy memory in our hearts we'll keep,
Striving to turn the Joy we miss
Into a hope OF holier bliss,
When these dimmed eyes no more snail
weep
Little one, sleep
Montgomery NJ. Folsom, in Atlanta Journal
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13

man, sitting beside his fire, with a
round wooden paddle dips it into the
sap. 1t clings in thin layer to the
mold, which is turned in the smoke
until the water in the sap evaporates.
When this is done Il thin sheet of solid
rubber is left on the paddle. The
operation is repeated until ball of
rubber about the size of mans head
is formed. With a keen knife two
lateral slashes to the paddle are made,
and the wooden center is taken out.
The rubber is exposed to the sun to
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
Foreign.

TIE Golden Dragon, hotel at Konigsgir-
ter. resort OF Rhine tourists, collapsed,
killing seven persons.
ADMIRAL MELLo renewed the lombard
ment OF Rio Janiero. Twenty persons were
killed in the firing on Nictheroy. and there
is danger of a general uprising in Brazil,
where there is great suffering on account oil
a scarcity OF provisions.
The rebellion in the Argentine Republic
is reported 10 be entirely suppressed.
A Prominent merchant Of kazan, Russia,
Novoshiloff by name, has been found guilty
OF wholesale murder and sentenced 10 hard
labor for life In Siberia. He killed MS
parents. three spectators, his wife and his
wife's parents in order 10 secure their prop
erty
THERE we're 400 cases Of cholera, with 22o
deaths. in Palermo. Italy, during week
five death believed 10 have been due TO the
plague occurred a, Bradford, England.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
WashingtOn.

REPRESENTATIVE HENDERsOS introduced in
the House a resolution providing for Con-
gressional investigation Of the American
Sugar Refining Company Of New Jersey with
authority for the committee OF investigation
10 report a bill instituting quo warranto pro-
ceedings against the company 70 annul It's
existence.
The Superintendent Of the Dead Letter
Office reports that 03s pieces OF
mail matter were handled in his Of
fee. OF these 290l7 contained alto
gether $40 06i in money. S0.496 contained
drafts, etc., representing s2,29S, ,6ss
and 3s0i contained postal notes
for s54lS. There were restored 10 owners
II. $50 letters containing S29. .2Sl in money,
26.6SS containing drafts. etc. representing
81, 156, 243 and SiS5 containing postal notes
for S494s.
SECRETARY SMITH has sent to the Secre-
tary Of the Treasury his estimate Of appro-
prlations for the Interior Department for the
fiscal year ending June S0th. 1895. The esti-
mates aggregate SIG, ,77s. 1874. as against
sls0. .OS7, $50. the amount Of the sppropria-
tions fer the current fiscal year.
THE State Department has been informed
that Mexico has appointed a commissioner
to act with one to be appointed by President
Cleveland in settling the recent boundary
controversy, which arose out OF change IN
the channel OF the Rio Grande River.
THE House passed a resolution thanking
foreign Governments which are making ex-
hibits at the Worlds Fair.
The nominations OF J. J. Van Allen 10 be
Ambassador 10 Italy and OF r. T.. Preston
20 be Director OF the Mint. were favorably
reported to the Senate in executive session.
TIE Secretary OF State has received des-
patch from Mr.. Fishback, Secretary OF the
United States Legation In the Argentine Re-
public, saying that the revolution has endeu
and the country Is at peace.
ORDERS have been sent by the Navy De-
partment 10 Rear Admiral Belknap at New
London. Conn. directing him TO send out
the dynamite cruiser yes1yius on the unique
and hazardous duty Of blowing up fourteen
derelict vessels that endanger navigation.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
THE NEWS EPIT0MIzED.
Eastern and Middle States.

At New York City, the jury In the case oi
Franz Ellison. charged with brutally beating
Broker Henridues. brought In verdict OF
assault in the second degree and second Of
fence, which carries with it penalty of az
least FIVE years Imprisonment.
HERE was a labor riot in Auburn, Ne.
non-union shoemakers being attacked by
strikers.
CArHARrYE FITzGERALD. wife OF John j.
Fitzgerald and sister OF Police Inspector BIC
Laughlin. in New York City. shot to death
the wife OF Policeman James Pearsau, wnom
she charged with having supplanted her III
her husbands affections.
The international cricket match at Phils-
delphia. Penn. was won by the home eleven,
who defeated the Australians by sixty-eight
runs.
HARDMAN, PECK Co.. piano msnufac-
turers, and allied firms made an assignment
in New York City.
HERD Of thirty-nye valuable Jersey COWS.
owned by Philip Fineman. while crossing the
railroad tracks at Buttonwood, Penn, were
struck by q train and eleven OF them were
instantly killed. ~ The loss will reach fl6cO.
Count RUDOLPH PALFFY. cousin OF
Prince Ferdinand Leopold Palfy OF Pres
burg. Hungary. killed himself in Mahwah,
n. J. About four years ago Cornt Rudolph
fell in love and married a pretty Swiss girl
against his people wishes. He was disin-
herited.
OWING to a mistake Of the pilot in charge
OF the new cruiser Montgomery, intended
for the navy, hat vessel was run ashore of
New London. Conn, but was backed with
damages that will postpone her trial trip In
definitely.
A STATUE OF Alexander Hamilton was uo-
yelled in front OF the Hamilton Club, Brook
lyn, n. Y.
AT Trinity Clurch. Boston. the Rev.
William Lawrence was consecrated Protes-
tant Episcopal Bishop OF Massachusetts,.
LIGHr winds prevented the conclusion Of
the first OF the Americas cup races OF New
York between the Yalkyrle and Yigilant
within the necessary six hours. At the time
it was declared OF the Yalkyrie had long
lead, but IT was due entirely TO a fuke.
About $1,000 people watched the race from
craft OF all kinds.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13

finish the drying process, and IL then
ready to be sent to the nearest ship
ping point.
The product of rubber from Para in
1899 amounted to 426, 300 kilogrammes,
valued at 237. ass, 900 rels. One thou
sand rels are equal to fifty-lour cents.
In 1892 the rubber produced had in
creased to 16, S91, SSS kilogrammes,
valued at $4,000, sos, SOL rels. The
visitor to the shoe and leather build
ing will find rubber boots and shoes
everywhere but in the Brazilian sec
tion. Yet Brazil used to export rub
Der shoes by the thousands. Up to
1910 rubber WAS exported almost ex-
clusively in the form of shoes. But
the business dwindled, for crude rub
Der went out instead Of the manufac-
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
"The Fourth Estate. "

Many people familiar with the ex-
preston, "The fourth estate" as ap-
piled to newspapers, do not under
stand the reason for it's use. A pas
sage in Carlyle's fifth lecture on
Heroes, Hero Worship and the
Heroic in History, ls41, makes Burke
the author of the expression: Burke
said there we're three estates in Parlia-
ment, but in tho reporters gallery
yonder there sat fourth estate more
important than they all. Printers
Ink,
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
Wild Flax.

There are three species OF wild fax
that have yellow flowers; the cultiva
ted species, which has blue flowers,
also appears as a weedquite frequently,
the seeds being mixed with those OF
grains. All are annual, but some in
crease by suckers from the base of the
stems, which makes them perennial, in
a way. These weeds are easily killed
if prevented from seeding by plowing
in the late summer by growing such
crops as are cultivated, as potatoes,
corn, or peas The first two crops are
the best for this purpose. New York
Times.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
UNITED STATES RAILROADS.
Interstate Commerce Commission
Report for the Year.

The nth statistical repor, Of thu Inter-
State Commerce Commission has just been
submitted sor the year erded June 80, 1892.
The total railway mileage Of the country was
i.56S. 50 miles, being an increase during
the year Of 3i60 miles, the smallest Increase
for number OF years.
The total number OF employees in the SER
vice of railways was s2l AIS, being an in
crease OF 81. .l30 over the previous year. The
Capitalization OF the 1862. .397 miles covered by
the report was Sl0. .226.74S, l34. The total
number OF passengers carried by the railways
during the year was $50, $685. All. The gross
earnings from operation OF railways were
Si.17l, ,407. .34S. The operating expenses were
$50, 9s7 1896.
The number of railway employees killed
was 1854. being less than the number killed
during the previous year. The number OF
employees injured. however. was In excess OF
the number injured during the previous year,
being 22,267. The number OF passengers
killed was largely in excess OF the number
killed during the previous year, being Sl6
In 1892 es against 2e3 In 1891, while the num-
Der Of passengers injured was 3zz7 IN 1887,
&, against 2s72 In 1891
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
Ianan Now Has the Easiest Cruiser,

The new Japanese warship Yoshino
recently was subjected to steam trials
The mean of four runs on the measured
mile gave her a speed of 23.03l knots
per hour, or 261 miles per hour, max
ing her the fastest cruiser sfoat. Her
displacement is 1000 tons, length $50
feet, 46s feet beam, $4,000 horse
power. Built by Armstrong, Mitchell
& Co. Designed by Philip Watts. =
scientiic American. q
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
How Nature Drives Out Disease Germs.

With every twenty breaths human
being inhales from eleven to 375
germs, together with varying amount
of inorganic matter. In n town, of
course, the micro-organisms are much
thicker than in the comparatively pure
country air Such foreign PARTICLES
are mostly caught in the mouth, nose
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13

so I say, firmly: 81 mean it, dear.
We will be happy this summer andnos
look forward to the winter" ."
'Ieaye me, she says, imperiously.
81 want to be alone and think"
try to kiss her, but she waves me-
back. "Not now" with a shake Of her
head, and I so up the path. l am still
where [ can sec her and hear as sho
talks to Nap.
"He doesn't love lis, Nap. He was
only amusing himself. He doesn't care
bit how much he hurts us. Oh, Nap!
Nap" and she puts her face down Oh
the dog and cries bitterly.
This makes me feel very uncomfort-
able. / have Just started toward her
when she raises her head, looks at the
dog and says: 81 have an idea, Nap,
brilliant one. No, am not goingto
tell it to you," as the dog wags his
tail in sympathy; ''but we will get
even with him, Nap, or l am not Hazel
Deane."
She wipes her eyes and, calling the
dog, walks slowly homeward. The
tears are still near her eyes, but can
see that thought is fast drying them.
draw back that she may not see me
and do not 90 in until tea time.
The next day she grayely asks me ii
I will take walk, and [ assent with
inward rejoicing.
"Mr. Lauton, wanted to tell you
that 1 am very glad you said what you
did yesterday, as it opened my eyes to
the fact never really loved you, and
now cont follow, please, for Nap and
are going to take walk, and she
turns away with-can believe it,
with smile on her face.
stay for day or two longer, but
the spell is broken and 1 no longer en-
JOY myself. One morning pack my
things, bid them all goodby and HE
me back to town.
Uncle seems really glad to see me,
and sends me to Detroit on business. l
am gone about six weeks.
When l come back he calls me into
the inner Office, and after expressing
himself we'll pleased with the success
of my mission in Detroit says, after
playing with his watch guard few
minutes; "Ahem! Well, Harry, l have
a piece of news for you"
l look at him in astonishment. He
is actually blushing. Really, he does
not look as old as I thought he did. /
am curious to hear the news.
Eyes, Harry, the old man is going
to be married, and he looked at me
with smile.
married." 1 gasp. 'rTo whom
"To an old friend of yours,
think.
Irapidly run over in my mind all
the old maids and widows Of my ac-
ouaintance and discard them all as pre-
posterous.
81 went down to Brookside farm
last week." he said, nervously.
A light breaks in upon my clouded
brain.
"Not to Hazel Deane? Not to Witch
Hazel?' He laughs.
you've guessed it, my boy. We
are TO be married the 10th of October.
1t will be very quiet, as / have not
given my Witch much time, but,
Harry laying his hand on my shoul-
der, "you will be there and wish the
old man joy-eh, my boy?'
I answer something, / know not
what, and rush from the Office. | see,
as in dream, curly brown head
pillowed on the neck Of an Irish set
ter and hear voice saying
Il have an idea, brilliant one,
Nap. We viii get even some way.
[ 90 home and read the poem which
1 interrupted at the brook. read the
last verse twice
Break, break, break.
At the foot OF thy crags, o sea
But the tender grace OF a day that is dead
Will never come back TO me.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13
The Angry Tree.

The "angry tree" a woody plant
found in Eastern California and West
ern Arizona, cannot be touched with
ont it exhibits signs of yexation by
rufhing its leaves and giving forth an
unpleasant. sickening odor.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-10-13

tured product American, English,
French and German manufacturers i'm
proved the method of manufacturing
rubber shoes and asked for the crude
rubber This conditions of affairs