The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-10-16
DOWNFALL OF DOM PEDRO.
Gen. FOnSGCa'S Story Of His Love for
but DGSertiOl Of The Emperor.

by the Inevitable Drift of Events.
The Rich Planters Alienated From
the Emperor by the Decree Abolish
ing Slavery-As the Sons of Many of
the Planters Were ohcers in the
Army 1t Was Easy to Turn 1t
Against the Emperor When the
Time Came-Popular Hatred of the
Jesuits Also Helped Inhame the
Feeling Against the Empire-The
History of the Republic.
New York, Oct. 15.-By New Yorker,
long resident in Brazil, who lately re
turned from Rio de Janeiro, the following
statement was made yesterday: "Some
of the most striking facts, having di-
rect and vital relation to the condition of
affairs in Brazil, have been omitted from
every newspaper account thus far pub
lished of the causes leading to the revolt
against the republic.
I'm order that they may be understood,
a brief reference to some of the incidents
connected with the deposition of Emperor
Dom Pedro is necessary.
TALK WITH DE FoNsECA.
III JANUARY, 1OdG, udu an interview
with Manuel Deodore de FOnseca at the
little village of ljuca, in the mountains,
about eight miles back of Rio, and a fav-
orite resort of the wealthy residents of
the capital during the yellow fever sea-
son. He talked to me freely of the stir
ring scenes in which he acted a conspicu-
Gus part, and declared it was the saddest
day of his life when he was forced to
choose between his affection for his i'm
afn1 Md laf oil 70
army.
HONORED BY THE EMPEROR.
Emperor Dom Pedro had raised him
to the rank of general for his skillful con-
duct and superb daring during the Para
guayan war. Gratitude for that distinc-
tion and respect for the character of the
emperor drew him in one direction, while
a hearty sympathy with the republican
view of his associates urged him IN the
opposite one. Thus force OF circumstances
and the inevitable drift of events decided
the future for him. The empire fell, and
Gen. F'onseca assumed the direction of
affairs.
CAUSES OF THE REVOLUTION.
"There were two main causes operating
to bring about the revolution. The rich
planters had become alienated from the
throne by Emperor Dom PedrO's decree
abolishing slavery, and as the sons of
many of these men were officers in
the army, that body only awaited
a good preteXt to turn against him.
Such pretext was furnished when he
issued his fatal order directing the troops
to retire into the interior. A council was
Immediately assembled at which it was
resolved to diso5ey the order. and from
that act of disobedience it was an easy
and natural step to the deposition of
the emperor.
LHE PRINCESS SCRUBS A FLOOR.
"The other cause was the popular
hatred of the Jesuits. Donna Isabel
Dom Pedro's daughter, had excited con
tempt and indignation by submitting to
penalty imposed upon her by an Italian
priest, to whom she had confessed some
venal sin. He required her to scrub The
floor of the church, known as the Cam
panhia. The probability of her success
sion, if the empire lasted, stimulated the
spirit Of rebellion and was potent factor
in precipitating the final catastrophe.
The republic, so called, which succeeded
was republic in name only. 1t was es-
tablished by men, who not only lacked
any true conception of what constitutes a
republican government, but who were
deficient in the wisdom, patriotism and
integrity necessary to establish one.
EVERYONE FOR HIMSELF
maxim Everybody for himself, That
maxim has been the guiding principle of
the leaders nj Brazilian affairs ever since
the departure of Emperor Dom Pedro.
The republic is in reality a dictatorship
since the most important laws and or
dinances have no higher sanction than
the decree of the president.
zone of the first acts of Gen. Fonseca as
head of the provisional government had
q nf in
conjunction with other causes, at last
eliminated in the Mello rebellion. He
doubled the normal strength of the army
and increased the pay OF its officers.
MELLo AND THE MALCoNTENTs.
"The bond of sympathy between
Admiral Mello and the malcontents had
its origin in the following circumstance:
Emperor Dom Pedro had alienated the
navy by the appointment of Admiral
Lardace, a radical, as his minister of
marine. When Custodio Mello visited
Chile, the year before in command
of the wooden vessel Almirante
Darrasse, he invited Don Angus
tine, the grandson of the Emperor,
TO accompany him as his guest. They
were entertained in great style by the
Chleans, and Admiral Mello returned
those civilities by giving several balls
and dinners aboard his ship. The ex-
leuSCS buuS luCuFf6u iOE Ju6 sake OF MS
distinguished guest amounted to - 800
His expenditure. The minister of marine
refused 10 sanction, and Admiral Mello
was obliged 10 foot the bill out of his own
pocket, The minister, by this action, in
censed the whole navy.
AN EDITOR BECOMES LION.
"Quintino Boscayuva, editor of the
Opais, the leading paper of RIO de Janeiro,
bitterly attacaed Admiral Lardace, de-
claring that the nation was disEraced by
his refusal to honor a bill incurred under
such circum5 Ia noes.
His criticisms had a great effect on the
public mind. and Admiral MellO was re-
imbursed by means of popular subscrip-
tion. Senior Boscayuva thus became the
hero of the naval party in Rio, and when
EeiXoto deposed Gen. EOnseca, who had
honored Senior BOscayuva in making him
minister of lOreign aHairs, he thereby
array ed that party against his admins
tration
I'm estimating the strength Of the
present government and the chances Of
holding out the fact is also to be consid-
cred that in the three provinces Of Rio
Grande do Sui Ceara and Rio the damage
done reflects scant credit on either guns
or gunners.
DECREE AGAINST THE REBELS.
Washington Oct l5.-At q late hour
last night secretary Gresham received
decree issued by President PeiEOtO OF
Brazil 10 rccites that the national
81. E.rH