davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-04-09

There Is vacancy In the government
naval academy at Annapolis 10 be 6llel
nom inns district by the appointment Of
CONGRESSMAN Bell In another place he
gives notice Of competitive eyaminn.
ton to be held at Granbury to MAKE \
selection for the cadetship Il is plum
worth striving for, as the government
pays all the expenses Of education and
maintenance az Annapolis, for a period
OF eight years, and graduates have on.
por'unlty to enter the naval service az
'ne government as officers IN lne of.
promotion.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-04-09

a bachelor Is ike halr par NV scissors
ne may be sharp enun but sumhow hes not
kompletcd.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-04-09

The announcement Of the Missouri
Kansas and Texas connection viii,
houston made ia our railroad columns
tals morning, must be gratifying 10 the
oihclais 20 whose energy this conrhetlon
az Wen az the Improvements made h
me .e service on the Katy Is due. IAe
naAette Is also confident that the travel.
ing public viii be grati6ed at the extern.
sion ana improvements IN a line always
popular with tho people, and conseatn.
la'es AIR Waldo and his associates IN
the Katy management
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-04-09

Inc late convention IN Texas TO rtuuc
the cotton acreage was, under Judg
Taft's decision. a conspiracy agains
trade and every member u Il subjec
to criminal prosecution.
The Chicago Inter-Ocean explains thai
Il was the Republican stay-at-home'
and not the Democratic votes that elect
cd Harrison mayor Of that city. 1t Is
remarkable how domestic the Republicans
have been for seyerul elections past
They would rather leave their party than
their Preside.
The adyices from Honduras that the
reyoluiionlsts have overthrOwn the
government creates some surprise. Not
haYing heard from there for two or three
days It was not known that they had a
government II seems to be hiding a
good part Of the time.
II has been difficult task to persuade
some people to stand up for Texas, but
The Gazette has succeeded IN il IN some
Instances, aud In some other cases it has
Induced newspapers that were standing
up against Texas to sit down and say
nothing
Commissioner Blount is being so wen
treated IN Hawaii that no matter what
this country does as to the island, It
looks as If the citizens there were de-
termincd 90 annex the commissioner. II
hospitality can accomplish It.
II Northern editors would come South
and remain long enough TO examine into
the present social. educational. CONNER.
cial and industrial status Of affairs. they
wonld write very different editorials
than what they do now.
''rhe Republicans have taken Kan
sas,' the Burlington Hawkeye joyfuily
announces. which reminds US of that
other remarkable Bit Of information.
the Dutch have taken Holland"
--aa--
Cotton seed oil mills are going up an
over Texas IL is some satisfactln that
If we must raise over 100000 bales Of
cotton this year we will. at least. squeeze
all the juice out Of the product.
The question now rs 10 Commissioner
McGaughey Is simply guilty or not
guilty. aud Il would be unjust not TO be-
indecent, 10 pass judgment before the
evidence Is heard
Swing the Ratchet. Maxwell. swing Il
hard, but pause long enough to look at
map and refresh your memory on the
fact that there Is a state called Texas.
"
The cholera germ is easily killed and
kills easily. A very active crusade for
germs should commence. Tho situation
In Europe is becoming alarming.
II st. Louis and Chicago are object les.
sous, the Democratic tidal wave is on
the back track. That will time lis return
for 1895
Increased perspiration at Dallas comes
Just IN time 20 aid the steamer Harvey
to make the trip up the river
The Populisis showed themselves 10 be
OF retiring dispositions ia the elections
throughout the country.
Frances new cabinet-but let IL pasa.
me phrase might as well be left stand.
ing.
The base bah season is always one Of
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-04-09

snnbow never he'd much use fur the
tv'loW as Is allus hoastin how much better
his grandfather was than him.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-04-09

IL amt so much what we hev, Ms what we
want as makes US happy or miserable.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-04-09

Human nature Is the same the world over.
the only dneruns Ia thet sum men new
very little NV 1t concealed about their per
son.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12
VIZ.

We make but one more excerpt from the let
| tiers to Darwin during the war In September.
1862 Gray writes: "You are quito out In sup
| posing that hatred OF England is increasing. or
| Tint there Is the least desire to NEEDLE with
you. except in self-defence. My own feelings
were very sensitive at first. because expected
better things. and l then deferred much to
British opinion. now do neither. and nothing
strikes me moro than the smallness of mind
and larReness Of Rullibility of the British peo-
pie as far as can Judge from their press
weeklies, 1uarteries. and Times But do not
suppose you will fight US because you dislike
us: and 30 conversely. 1 suppose do not see
the papers which so abuse England. though l
read in luential and respectable papers; but
from what do see. think We receive far m or Q
abuse and Misrepresentation and unfair usage
than we give As to the course OF the war. and
policy OF our country as to slavery. some day.
when you turn back to some early letters OF
mine. you will see that l was a fairly good
prophet: that the South might have delay cd
the abolition Of slavery by giving up early in
the contest but that every month OF continued
resistance fastened and insured tho downfall
of slavery. That is now doomed. and surely
near to rapid DEATH quick in some places
SLOW in others. but sure"
After the war was over there was no note Of
that. victorious. we could afford to be magnan-
imQus. Tho last extract which we shall make
is from a letter addressed to Darwin under
date MAY IL. 1865: You have always been
sympathzing and Just. and appreciate your
hearty congratulations on tho success OF our
just endeavors You have since had much more
to rejoice over ms well as to sorrow over with
us. But the noble manner in which our coun-
try has borne itself should give you real salts
faction. We appreciate too. tho good feeling
OF England in Its hearty grief at the murder OF
Lincoln. Don't talk about our hating you. \
We think we have boon ill used by you when
you thought us weak and broken. and when
We expected better things. We have learned
that VIC must be strong to live in peace and
comfort with England. Otherwise. we should
have to eat much dirt. But now that we are on
our feet again. all will go we'll. and hatred will
disappear All Americans have not Grays
sweetness Of disposition. and he was we
think. too optimistic in assuming that Eng
lands desire to see the Union broken would be
that Charles Darwin. with John Bright and
Goodwin Smith. were among the very few dis
tinguished Englishmen who believed and said
that the disruption of the Union would be
disaster to mankind. Unfortunately. they
exerted no appreciable influence upon the gov
ernipg classes. What tho dominant current OF
opinion was is made plain in the CORES pond
ence Of Charles Francis Adams. then Minis
ter at the Court OF St James's. NJ. W. H.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12
SOME NEW BooHa
Asa Grny's Letters.

One Of the most interesting books OF the year
70 the Letters Of Asa Gray. edited By JANE
LoRrNa GRAY. and lately published in two vol
umes by Houghton. Miflin & Co. 1t has not
been the editors purpose to offer an estimate
OF DR.. Gray's scientific or critical lsbors, but
TO throw light upon the personality OF the
man. This purpose has been accomplished.
not only By iudcious selections from his very
large correspondence. but also by an autobio-
graphical sketch Of his early life In this notice
We shall mainly dwell on the autobiographical
fragment and on the series OF letters to
Charles Darwin. which exhibit not only his
attitude toward the Darwinian hypothesis
and the nature ofthe services which. as bot
anist no rendered to Harvard College. but
also the unshaken faith in tho ultimate
triumph OF tho Union. with which ho followed
every phase OF the war OF tho rebellion. 1t
will also be observed that. beginning with ex-
treme sensitiveness to English opinion. he
ended. before the war was over. by feeling for
it tho supreme Indifference. which Is now
shared By all educated Americans.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12

The latest addition to the collection Of Thorn
as Henry H,Lr'ey's Works. published by the
Appletons is a volume containing nine essays.
one OF which sets forth the conditions of sci
entitlc assent as they are defined by Descartcs
in his Discourse on Method" while tho
other eight essays exhibit the results attained
by the application OF the method to various
problems. Hence tho title OF Ne hod and
Resuts. which Prof HUXLEY has given to the
volume. These essays are not all new. Ono
OF them was published in 1856. and four
others before the close OF 1874. On the other
hand. one OF them appeared ns lately a. 1897.
and three others in 1870. Tho most interest
ing Of the essays TO the general reader are
those on the physical basis OF life. and on the
natural inequality Of man.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12

and sad reverses. but the determination IL
stronger than ever" A fortnight after dettys-
burg Gray wrote again. Papers Just in to
the effect that you in London were daily await
ing and expecting the capture OF Washington.
&C.. and specializing as to whether JEFF Davis's
ENJOYS from Washington might not be ro-
ceiyed Mt London as a fat accompH good
deal OF little-concealed Joy. &C. Oh. foolish
peoplel When will you see that there is only
one end to all this. and that tho North never
dreams Of any other-the complete putting
down OF the rebellion And since 1863 began
1t was clear that IL would be attended with tho
humiliation of slavery. Time was when we
should have highly valued English npprecia-
ton OF tho right cause. We have long ceased
to care or think about It,"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12
n.

Americans will turn with lively curiosity to
the essay on the natural inequality OF mon.
| becausethey will remember the storm OF OPP
| probriufh which fell on Rufus Choate when he
maintained that tho assertion. all men are
| born free and equal" was o gltterlng gen
crafty. Let us hear Frof Huxley on this
point. What. he asks. Is tho meaning OF the
| famous phrase which GalliciEed Americans.
who wero as much PHILOSOPHERS" as their In
| herted common sense and their practical ac-
| uuaintance with men would let them I've. put
| forth as the foundation Of the Declaration OF
| Independence? Il have seem" is the answer.
"a considerable number OF newborn infants.
| Without wishing to speak Of them with the
| least disrespect-a thing no man can do with
out. as the proverb says. fouling his own nest
| Il fail to understand how they can be affirmed
to have any political qualities at all. How can
1t be said that these poor little mortals, who
have not even tho capacity to kick to any defl-
mite end. nor indeed to do anything but vague
ly squirm and squall are equal politically.
| except as all zeros may DO said to DO equal
How can little creatures be said to be Free OF
whom not one would live for four and twenty
hours II it were not imprisoned by kindly
hands and coerced into applying its
foolish. wandering mouth to tho breast
it could never find for itself2 How
is the being, whose brain is still too pupy to
hold an idea OF any description. to be n moral
agent. either good or bad2 Surely. It must be
a.joke, and rather a cynical one. too. to talk OF
the political status Of n new born child. But
We may carry our questions a step further. II
1t is mere abrdcadaL,'d to speak OF men being
born in state OF political freedom and equal
ity. thus fRllaciously confusing positive equal
ity or the equality Of powers with negative
equality the equality Of impotencies. in what
conceivable state OF society Is it possible that
mon should not merely be born. but pass
through childhood and still remain free ? Has
q child Of fourteen been free to choose its lam
Euage and all the connotations with which
words become burdened in their use by gem
Grafton after generation2 Has it been free to
choose the habits enforced by precept and
driven home by example? Has 1t been free to
invent its own standard OF right and wrongp
Or. rather. has it not been as much hold in
bondage by its surroundings and driven hither
and thither by the scourge Of opinion as n
veritable slave. although the letters and the
whip may be invisible and intanglble2"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12

turtles before and after the French revoiut,cn.
Disdaininr 70 remain on the safe " humble
ground Of experience. they preferredt 10 proph-
esy from the sublime cloudland Of the apriori
80 that busted with deductions from theirfdeal
ought to be-" they overlooked the what
has bcsn." the what is" and the what can
be-" 1t is to them that we owe the idea OF liv-
ing according to nature:" which beEot the
idea OF the state OF nature:" which beeot the
notion that the state OF nature" was reality.
and that. once upon q time. all men were free
and equal This. again. begot the theory that
society ought to be reformed In such manner
as to bring back those halcyon days OF freedom
and equality: which begot universal suffrage:
which begot tho theory 30 dear to young men
Of moro ambition than industry that while
every other trade. business. or profession re-
ouires theoretical training and practical akill
and would 90 to the dogs IL those who carry 10
on were appointed by the majority OF votea OF
people who know nothing about it and very
little about them-the theory that the man
agement OF the affairs OF society will
be perfectly successful II only the people
who may be trusted to know nothing will vote
into Office the people who may be trusted to
do nothing.
Prof. Huxley says that. for his part II
this Is the political ideal of the modern fol-
lowers OF Rousseau. he refuses to strive
fooisby. and equality asserted In words but
every moment denied by the facts OF nature.
are things OF which we have too much already.
He does not deny that decision by a majority
OF votes may be as good n rough and ready
way us can be devised to get political ques-
tions settled. but he maintains that. theo-
retically. the despotism OF a majority Is as
little justfable and dangerous as that Of one
man: and. moreover. that voting power. con.
sidered as means OF giving effect to opinion.
is more likely to prove q curse than q blessing
to tho voter, unless that opinion Is the result Of
q sound judgment operating upon sound
knowledge. Some experience OF sea life has
led Prof. Huxley to think that he should be
very sorry to find hims elf on board ship In
which the voices Of the cook and the cabin boy
counted for rs much as those OF the officers
upon question OF steering or reelng topsails;
or whore the great heart OF the crew was
called upon to settle the ships course. And
yet there Is no sea moro dangerous than tho
ocean Of practical politics. mono in which
there is more need OF good plotting. and OF q
single, unfalterlng purpose when the waves
rise high"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12


irehxed TO the essays IS an ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ske'ch when Is characteristic OF the writor.
1t Is full OF dry humor and sly hits at per-
sons. VINO although unnamed. are eaSiiy rec
oGnlZea. lhe ioiiowinG passage. Tor instance.
eon.a'nS d.. o. ,,ot va" d. 'I. uiaust"he;
o.. IT. la; ' pLvr.neu my
ah ~ ..,' 49, - ~ ~ .'..u.oou,
49,. '. .,i "seoun' y. INC
ln". 'oo. ..'o e"nnoe oi an
i, " 80. 80, , '"'ue' ne
' n .i .o''i wei" oPeii III
49,, "a nv ''"''1 AMIN VI inc
49,, ~ i' p,ooao'S,
49,, tto,i, "au 'i, anu mo
w" .o'ons' i..I.I,'ls on mo "inuo" SUI was
n H"A,n. ns ""' nv .ne foon' "neh inc nor
i'leu , nu'so snu' uomh 'iio susn' II 'ha' well
~ ., W os .1at o,I'' "ps'"'i'eo from neg
...,-n '-e ,t t'e swain niEn nave
49, Ia. vi. -, nps' "uu "a'o icon en-
-, ~ W.. . e'oiuehFo "n,e"'
,no.th n;.,' ' a noto su!.p man
i, 49, VI "on'S. VIA ~ ."o hiGh-
(,ona -, =, $3.50 a.. - ~. iuNte,
49,, 49, .,'",' wy was .i " is'eneo
"s iieu', w no' Aho"' Out IL IS u GU
GO '"s ~. p"'oi's ehouiu nave
49, .,,-.' upoh '"e
.. 49,. "'''t,' Wv, "ho'i
.I go ' - u'p"'"'' iio auu9
.,uh, AeN' ~ no'''nE W say ABOUT my
entunoVu. IA ia'er years my mo,ner' looking
~ 'no a.oS, .op'o .. Wouiu say An
, ,,n W. suo" pi9.'y w, whence mad no
u'lneuI'y III coneIuu'i. 'hat hau not 1uilii'ed
my carry p''ih'So III 'he matter OF looks
1t Is fact worth remembering that al
though frof Huxley is universally recog-
nized as man OF remarkable breadth
and accuracy OF learning. he was not Il
graduate OF any university or pupil of any
OF the great public schools. On this point
he tells US that My regular school training
was OF the brie'est perhaps fortunately. for.
though my way OF lifo has made me acquainted
with all sorts and conditions OF m en-. from the
highest to the lowest. / deliberately affirm
that the society fell into at school was tho
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12
Ill.


1t is we'll known that Dr. Gray was at first a
sturdy believer In the proof OF design in ma
ture. and long hesitated to accept the BAR
winan hypothesis. His position in 1861 is
indicated in letter written In that year to r.
W. Church: I'VE must use the theory q while
in botany and in zoology and SEQ how it will
work: in this way few years will test it
thoroughly / incline to think that its princi-
pie will be to a certain extent admitted in
science. but that. as Darwin conceives 1t. it
will prove quite insufficient" In tho same
letter. which was written in May. 1861. occurs
a passage that reveals the feeling with which
Gray, originally conservative. had come to
Tegard the secession OF the Southern
States. 1t is still. tho reader will OBJ
serve. the maintenance OF the Union
which he aims at. and not the abolition OF
slavery: but he. like many other Northern con-
servatiyes. was speedily to change his ground
with regard to emancipation, In the letter to
Church no says: LAS to our country. we
have been. as a people undergoing a steady
decentralization for the last fifteen or twenty
years. the natural end OF which lately seemed
to 10 that We should crumble into decay, al
most without an effort at recovery. II it had
been sought under legal forms. and in a loss
outrageous spirit | think tho North would
have consented to the peaceful separation OF
the cotton States. and We should have pros
pered by the separation. But it has become
clear that there would be no living with such
people as our neighbors would be so long as
they allow themselves against the better
judgment OF the bestl to be ruled by the politi-
cal demagogues who now hold sway over
them. 1t is clear We must fight. and
we had better do 1t now. and fight
for tho integrity Of the country and the
enforcement Of the laws. So We are fairly and
Justly in it. and we are going to conquer the
South. Thoy have appealed to force. They
must abide the consequences OF tho appeal.
and We trust God will help the right. So you
may expect to hear of stirring times here"
Some three months before he thus expressed
himself to an English clergyman. he had writ
ten as follows to George Engelmann, then
resident OF st. Louis: Tho Union is over
thrown by conspiracy which would have been
kept within bounds and soon shut itself up il
the border slave States cared enough for the
Union to take hold or even allow 1t 1.-The con-
spiracyl TO be arrested or checked. But no.
they must become insane. like the rest and
help 1t along. Virginia will not take hold and
second Kentucky and Tennessee. fighting
nobly through Crittsnden. johnson. &c. and
declare against treason first. and then arrange
terms which are all ready. all they want for com
posing the difficulty But Cottondom will not
have peace and union, and Virginia &C.. are
foolish enough to help their game. That the
border Southern States will be the principal
sufferers will BIO only righteous retribution
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12

the following April he received q letter
from President Quincy telling him that the
corporation OF the university would elect him
Fisher Professor OF Natural History II he
would beforehand signify his acceptance.
The endowment then yielded $1,000 n year.
Dr. Gray was to have $1,000 and allow the rest
to accumulate for while. In the mean time
he was to give only course OF botanical lee
lures In his second spring term and look after
the garden. The offer was accepted by Dr.
Gray. who. in the spring Of 1S43. entered upon
that connection with Harvard College which
was only to terminate with his life
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12

1t is evident that Darwin had expressed the
opinion that the wiser course for tho North
would be to let the Southern States depart in
peace. for In DR.. Gray's letter. dated Feb lS.
1862. we find him still more earnest more
resolute. and moro Indifferent to English
opinion. LAS | have not given you up" he
says. Notwithstanding your very shocking
principles, and prejudices against design in
nature. SO We shall try to abide your Longitude
marian detection. l suppose it Is longitude.
and am sorry to see that there is a wide and
general desire in that meridian that wo
tthe United Statesl shall fall to pieces.
But the more you want us to tho more wo
won't. and the moro important 1t appears to us
that we should be a strong and unbroken
power God help us II we do not keep strong
enough. at whatever cost now II may be. to re-
sst the influence OF a country which looks
upon the continuation Of our steady policy to
protect and diversity our domestic industries
as a wrong and sin against it. No. no. we
must have our own way But the triumph
ofths Republicans was the POLITICAL destruction
OF the very people who were always making
trouble with England. and II You would only let
u.s. and have some faith In the North. we should
have been permanently on the best OF terms
What you complain of In the Boston dinner
1.-THE dinner given after the capture Of Mason
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12

for me to do would be to speak Of the work OF
my life or 10 say at the end Of the day whether
think have earned my wages or not"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-12
j v.

This is not all. however that Prof. Huxley
las to say about tho GitterinG generality bor-
rowcd by jefferson from Rousseau. and by
Rousseau from lIobbes. that all mon are born
free and equal. 1t is admitted that Rousseau.
the author Of works which have made such n
noise in the world could not have been moro
fool. and that II. in their plain and obvious
sense tho doctrines which he advanced arc so
easily unset. it is probable that he had in his
mind something different from that sense.
Prof Huxley is disposed TO think that Eous-
soar. having rot hold of n plausible bypotb-