The Newtown bee., 1893-04-14

manufacturing in the wagon and car riage line, in addition to saving, horse shoeing and repairing. The following interesting points were obtained from a circular, which Mir Woodruff issued some time ago. The life of a carriage and the length of the period that 1t retains it's beauty, do not depend alone upon the character of the work put into the vehic- le by the builder. The man who assumes the responsibility of ownership, must do his share by observing the recognized rules for the proper care of carriages, and lt Is his duty and profit to acquaint himself herewith. He will find it the best illustration of the proverb
 IA STITCH IN TIME SAVES NINE,"
 and the carriage builder will more often escape unmerited censure,
 There should be no communication be- tween the coach house and stable, and the manure heap or pit should also be To- cated as far away from the carriage house as possible. Ammonia is in the air wherever organic fermentation is in progress, and will destroy varnish and fade the colors, both of painting and up- holstery. When vanished carriage is exposed to an atmosphere of ammonia, arising from manure heaps or decaying vegetable matter, the alkali unites with and gradually removes the oil from the varnish leaving it brittle and
 MORE LIABLE TO CRACK.
 For the same reasons the carriage house should be dry and well ventilated, and no vegetable matter should ever be stored therein. The Varnish on wagon has been destroyed by having barrel of potatoes stored under it. Also avoid having a carriage stand near brick wall, as the dampness from the wall will fade the colors and destroy the varnish. There should be
 MODERATE AMOUNT OF LIGHT
 in the carriage store room; otherwise the colors will be affected. For some reason not apparent, a carriage painted black will turn green when stored in the dark for any length of time. Too much sunlight must be avoided, therefore cur tain the windows to avoid having direct sunlight strike upon the carriage. Dust when allowed to settle on carriage eats into the varnish, hence the carriage room should be as free from dust as pos siblc. If this Is carefully observed there Is no need to cover the carriage, but if it stands unused for several days where it t., tI ft ph1t1I ha na by q large cover sufficiently strong to
 KEEP OFF THE DUST
 without excluding the light. Close cot ton sheeting Is the best material. Care should be takeE to keep the cover dry. A further aid to the cleanliness of a car riage and the preservation of it's varnish Is frequent washing with cold water. While washing carriage keep it out of the sun. Use plenty of water but never apply it with hose which has the effect of forcing the water into the crevices and splashiug into the body to the injury of the lining. Use for the body panels a large soft sponge. When saturated squeeze this over the panels and the flow of water will soften the dirt and run 1t of harmlessly. Never allow water to dry of itself on T carriage, as it will in- variably leaves stains, but after each washing wipe the surface quite dry with soft channels skin and wheel the car riage out into the open air. Hot water or soap should never be used to
 WASH A yARNIsIIED SURFACE.
 A carriage ought always to be washed after use in muddy weather, for if the mud spots are allowed to remain over night they will generally leave their mark. The directions just given for washing the body apply as well to the same sponge and chamois for the latter. Never use "spoke brush," for in con- junction with the grit from the road it will act like sand paper, and will scratch the varnish and remove the gloss. En. ameled leather tops and aprons should be washed with very weak soap and water. No oil should be put on enam- eled leather. A new vehicle Is often left standing covered with the dust of travel for several days after it is received, be. cause it is thought the varnish is still SC tender that 1t should not be touched for awhile. This Is an error. A
 NEW VEHICLE
 should always be washed soon after it's arrival. The varnish may be tender, but that is a strong reason for removal of the dust, and frequent washings with cold water and exposure to fresh air will harden the varnish and brighten the lus- tre. Inspect the entire carriage occasion ally,and whenever a bolt or clip appears to be getting loose, tighten it up with a wrench, and always have little repairs done at once. Should the tires of the wheels get at all slack, 80 that the joints at the felloes become visible, have them immediately contracted, or the wheels may be permanetly injured. Examine the axles frequently; keep them we'll oiled, and see that the washers are in good order. Pure sperm-oil is consider ed the best for lubricating purposes castor oil will answer, but never use sweet oil, as it will gum up. Be careful, In replacing the axle-nuts, not to cross the thread or strain them.
 LEATHER-ToP CARRIAGES
 should never stand long in the carriage house with top down. After raising the top, ''break' the joints slightly, to take of the strain on the lining and the leath- CT. Aprons and curtains of every kind should be frequently unfolded, or they