Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1893-07-13
One Dollar Per Year,

Ior lhnlly use uurlnR tne next WlnlcT,
when butter is apt TO be scarce, by
wrapping each churning separately in
a clean, thin muslin cloth and putting
1t, previously salted, as for immediate
use, in large stone jars, which are to
be kept partially filled with brine suili-
ciently strong to readily bear up an
egg. Care should be taken that the
butter be kept at all times fully sub
merged by having pieces of plank cut
round to fit the jar and weighing 1T
down. We have found that six feet in
the center is sufficiently deep; if the
sills are twelve inches above the sur
face this would give seven feet clear
of the sleepers Start the excavation
ten feet wide, dig down two feet, then
leave u shelf (of dirt all around of
eight inches in width. This shelf may
be used to hold the cans of fruit and
vegetables, jars of preserves, pickles,
etc. This leaves the excavation eight
feet eight inches wide; dig down eigh
teen inches further, then leave another
wider shelf two and one-half feet wide,
also of dirt, all around, except
at the entrance. This is to set
the milk vessels on. The jars
of butter may be set on the
floor at the end farthest from the door.
This leaves the eXcavationin the center
three feet eight inches wide, which, for
all practical purposes, is sufficient, to
be dug down until it is six feet deep.
For the steps, measure back from
where the entrance is to be six feet,
and three feet eight inches wide, dig
down, leaving steps from the doorway,
like the shelves of the interior, also of
dirt, eight inches wide and eight inches
in depth, till the bottom is reached,
when it will be found that there will
be nine steps. Over these steps, and
fastened securely to the end sleeper,
must be built tight, snug little frame
building six feet high and sufficiently
wide and long to completely cover the
steps, with small but good sills lying
fat on the ground as a foundation; a
good roof, sloping off on each side, and
tight door 2va H~T9tseya@
w men JlllS IL utlb
in stiff clay there is but little if any
danger of water rising in them, es-
pecially if cemeuted on the inside 1t
is useless to dig them in sand. After
the excavation is completed and the
woodwork finished, then the dirt must
be thrown back on top of the flooring,
making long conical pile reaching
the full length of the excavation, max
ing it steep enough on each side to shed
all rainwater, which, if it is of the
right kind of material-that is, stiff
clay-it will readily do. Those who
prefer so to do, can simply cover the
floor with eight to twelve inches of
dirt, level it off, then build house
over it.
The temperature in these under
ground dairies is comparatively even
both summer and winter, ranging dur
ahg the hot summer months from go to
GS deg. Fahrenheit; average tempera-
ture, 65 deg. The plan practiced by
some of suspending milk in the well
can hardly be to strongly condemned
If Il very small portion of the milk is
accidentally or through carelessness
spilled in the well, the water, for drink
ing purposes, is irretrievably ruined.
We have seen good wells ruined just
that way. If obliged to use well water
as refrigerating agent draw the wa
ter out of the Well and use it elsewhere.
Ice is too expensive, even at
one cent pound, for those who
are not forced to use it, We have
used it but little, and the only
advantage we could discover from its
use was that it hastened the cream to
the surface in short space of time.
This Fastening of the cream to the sur
face can be brought about just as sure
ly, as speedily, and far more econom-
ically, by diluting the milk. This plan,
which is fast coming into use wherever
it is known, and in the absence of ice,
spring house or dairy, is simple, mex
pensive and a saving of both ice and
labor. The warm milk from tho COW is
strained into a can till it is half filed;
then fill up the can with cold spring or
well water, which 9rates the milk
and Immediately reduces its tempera-
ture to about 20 degrees, even
in the warmest of weather. All the
cream will separate and rise to the
surface in less than four hours. This
being the case, the cream may be
SKINNED off from the top, or the com
bined milk and water drawn off by u
faucet from the bottom of the can till
the cream appears, which is then
drawn off into a separate vessel: the
can or cans used for the mornings
milk are ready to be used for the
nights milk. In spite of the economy,
simplicity and ease of the latter
method, we must confess our prefer
ence for (1) spring houses; (2) where
all other necessary facilities are pres
ent, ice), (3) subteranean dairies, and
(4) diluting the milk. Placed in the
order of their value in the humble esti-
nation of ye scribe.-Z. II. Turner, of
Denmark Miss, in Texas Farm and
/ Ranch.