St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-10-16
the REPUBLIC A FARCE.
BRAzL'S RULERS WITHOUT PATRIOT
fSM or INTEGRITY.
EVERY ONE FOR HIMSELF,

OF Dom PedrO-The Republic
in Reality Dictatorship
Number and Expense OF the
Army Largely Increased.
NEW YORK. Oct. 15.-By a New
orker, long resident in Brazil, who
lately returned from Rio Janeiro. the
following statement was made yester-
day: 'Some of the most striking and
Important facts having a direct and
vital relation to the present condition of
affairs in Brazil have been strangely
omitted from every newspaper account
thus far published of the causes leading
ITO the revolt against the republic. In
order that they may be understood. a
brief reference to some of the incidents
connected with the deposition Of Dom
Pedro is necessary.
lin January, 1892, had an interview
with Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca at
the little village of Tijuca, in the mount
aims about eight miles back of Rio, and
afavorite resort of the wealthy residents
OF the capital during the yellow fever
season. He talked to me freely of the
stirring scenes in which he had acted
SO conspicuous part, and said that it
was the saddest day of his life when he
was forced to choose between his affec-
ton for his imperial master and his
hdelity to the army.
Dom Pedro had raised him to the rank
OF general for his conduct in the Para
guayan war. Gratitude for that distinc-
ton and respect for the character of the
emperor drew him iii one direction,
while hearty sympathy with the re-
publican views of his associates urged
him in the opposite one. This force of
circumstances and the inevitable drift
or events decided the issue for him.
FonSeca assumed the direction Of affairs.
There were two main causes operating
to bring about
THE REVOLUTION.
The rich planters already alienated
from the throne by Dom Pedro's decree
abolishing slavery, and the sons of many
OF these men officers in the army,
that party only waited good preteXt to
turn against him. Such pretext was
furnished when he issued his fatal order
directing the troops to retire into the
interior. A council was Immediately
assembled, at which it was resolved to
dISobey the order, and by that act of
ulsoOedlence it was necessary to de-
throne the emperor.
1he other cause was the peculiar
hatred OF JeSuitS. Donna Isabel, Dom
Pedro's daughter. had excited contempt
and Indignation by submitting to pen-
atty imposed upon her by an Italian
priest to whom she had confessed some
yenal sin. He required her to scrub the
floor OF the church known as the Cam
pannla. The probability of her access
sion, II the empire lasted, stimulated
the spirit of rebellion, and was potent
factor Ill precipitating the final fatal
stroke.
The republic, so called, which sue
ceeded, was a republic in name oniy.
1t was established by men who not only
lacked any perception of what constl-
tutes republican government, but who
were defective in wisdom, patriotism
ana integrity necessary to eStab-
fish one. 1t brought into par
lance the saying. Every one for
HIMSELF" and that maxim has been the
guiding principle of the leaders ever
since the departure of Dom Pedro. The
republic is in in reality dictatorship,
since the most important laws and Or
dlnances have no higher sanction than
the decree of the president
One of the first acts of Fonseca. as
the effect of arousing an animosity
which In conjunction with other causes
at last eliminated in his downfall.
He increased the numerical strength Of
the army and increased the pay of the
officers.
The bond Of sympathy between Ad-
miral Mello and the malcOntents in Rio
had its origin in the following circum-
stances:
''Dom Pedro had alienated the navy
by the appointment of Admiral Ladario,
a Radical, as his minister of marine.
When Custodio de Mello visited Chill
the year before in command of the
wooden vessel Almirante Darrosso, he
invited Dom Augustine, the grandson
OF the emperor, to accompany him as
his guest They were entertained in
great styles by the Chilians, and Mello
returned those civiitieS by giving sew
eral balls and dinners aboard his ship.
The expenses thus incurred for the sake
of his distinguished guest amounted to
$500. This expenditure the minister
of marine refused to sanction, and
Mello was obliged to foot the bill out OF
his own pocket.
The minister's action incensed the
whole navy. Quintino Boscayuya, editor
OF o Halo, the leading paper of Rio,
bitterly attacked LadariO, declaring
that the nation was disgraced by his
refusal to honor bill incurred under
such circumstances. His criticisms had
great effect on the public mind, and
Mello was reimbursed by means of a
popular subscription. Boscayuva thus
became the hero of the naval party IN
Rio, and when Peixoto deposed Fon-
SEGA, who had hOnored Boscayuva by
making him minister of foreign affairs,
he thereby arrayed that party against
his administration.
PEIXOTO'S PROCLAMATION