Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1893-08-29
NORTH ATLANTIC STORMS.
Ensign Hayden Has Recently Described
Their Main Characteristics.
Terrible Tornado Storms of Which
We Have Recently Had samples
General Course-tsuai Times.

Inc recent hurricane gives special inter
! est to the following abstract Of a pape
read the other day before the Internationa
meteorological Congress at Chicago By
Ensign Everett Hayden, u. s. NJ. who ha.
| eoited the Pilot Chart OF the north Allan
tic ocean for the past six years.
The Stormy North Atlantic" 10 thu
name that its storms have earned for tn,
pooy OF water to the east and north. 1t,
tropical cyclones and its winter gales arr
notorious for their fsrocity and presidency
and the northern and "blizzards" Of the
American coast are often only eQualed by
the gales Of the Bay Of Biscay and the
zora and mistral Of southern Europe.
All OF the Atlantic's storms are cyclonis
IN IN character; that is, broadly speaking
tney snow the Characteristic northern
hemisphere counter-clockwise circulation
OF the wind, with barometric pressure be-
low the normal
A chart of the tracks or paths along
when sach storms travel and the freQuen.
cy with which they occur illustrates very
clearly that the gulf stream and the Gull
OF 81 Lawrence are the stormiest regions
aha tnence stretches broad zone or belt
a,ons Whlcn the usual winter storms tray
ei across the ocean toward northern Eu-
rope. Another important though fortunate
less freQuented track lie that followed
py tropical cyclones or West India hurri.
..N~A' "a III the trODlCG
north Of the tenth parallel, move SLOWLY
westward at first, before their tracks re-
curve to join the broad and freouented
pain from the Grand Banks toward Nor
Huge Storms.
These two sets Of storms. nome,v +b.
winter storms north OF the s5th parallel
and the tropical cyclones. are the great
types Of North Atlantic storms. The for
nier are OFTEN OF enormous extent and
s ssIss severity severity their cold northwesteriy
an entire week all the way from Labrador
ana Nova Scotia to the Azores and ire
iand Within the entire area of the storm
nS Dasofnetric pressure Is below the normal
great whiri but notably low throughout.
Inc easterly quadrants Of the storm are
kaiI thy S,ouay with With rain Or snoT and
southwsrd or such q storm center q Sec
ohdary whlrl often originates. and this
paren, =; offspring sometimes exceeds its
parent In energy and strength
Strong Chara Ct eristics,
The season for tropical cyclones or West
indian hurricanes Is from June to October,
inclusive. and their normal tracks though
varying somewhat In different months
io 10TH great pasabuias. concave to the east.
WIN their Vertices near the American
coast These storms are tornado In char
acter.enormous whirlwinds, with towering,
ragged, inky cloud masses on every side OF
OF the storm. The terrific violence Of the
Whirling wind and the partial vacuum at
the center Indicated by the very low
elevate the surface Of the ocean 80 that
the great tornado carries along with 1t
vast low mound Of water. leaping into
pyramidal heaps beneath the central calm
dashed into pillows Of foam and spindrift
In the broad. annular space around the
center and sending out huge rollers on every
side to become long low ocean swells that
give warning, a thousand miles away, OF
the approaching storm. When this great
mound or mass Of water the storm wave
OF the hurricane. Is precipitated upon a low
lying coast II causes frightful floods and
destruction of every kind.
Thus the West Indian hurricane with its
tornado winds. Its frightful seas and its
storm wave is by far the most dreaded OF
all North Atlantic storms. and the track
along which one has moved on its majestic
march from the tropics toward the pole
has seldom failed to be marked out BY
wrecks and wreckage."