The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1893-04-06
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

gallon of air at their usual degree of liz
flation. We breathe on an average
1900 times per hour, inhale 600 gallons
of air, or "a, 900 per day. The aggre-
gate surface of the air cells of the lungs
exceeds 1000 square inches, an area
very nearly equal to the floor of room
~ feet square,
MN. Henriot and Richet have dis
covered new anesthetic derived from
choral and glucose, which they call
chloralose. Its properties are analo-
gous to those of morphine, but it ap-
pears to be less dangerous Expert
ment shows that it can be administered
in doses of a gramme without disturb
ing the digestion of the brain. Half a
grain induces calm, profound sleep.
Female fish of all species are con-
siderably more numerous than males,
with two single exceptions land these
not certain), the angler and the cat
fish. Among that class of fishes known
to experts as flat fishes" the proper
ton of females to males is as three to
one in the founder and as twelve to
one in the dab" Among the round
fishes" the proportion is from three to
two in the cod to nine to two in the
common gurnard.
The manufacture of gossamer cloth
ing, and also of rubber goods in gen.
eral, is, it appears, to be carried on by
means 80 new and improved process.
The I-cthod proposed is for the COM
pounding of rubber and the reproduce
ton of the colors in figures, checks and
plaids by printing these on a rubber
surface on gossamer garments, giving
to the latter the appearance of the most
popular patterns of 'mackintoshes,"
and at a very reasonable cost
The total area under wheat in New
South Wales this season is $40, 900 acres,
as compared with 403, 900 acres a year
ago The harvest estimate is placed at
7,176, 900 bushels, a larger quantity than
ever grown in the colony, the nearest
approach to it being 6,570, 900 bushels
i'll the 1SS9-90 season. The require
ments of New South Wales are 1885,
900 bushels, thus leaving a small guam
tity to be attributable to the system of
protection now adopted in the colony,
which levies custom duties upon wheat
imported from other colonies.
The experiment of the eight-hour
day, or rather of making forty-eight
hours weeks work, is now being
tried in one of the largest iron works
in England, the Stafford works at Sal
ford, which is a suburb of Manchester
The working hours at these works have
heretofore been fifty-three per week.
and the reduction is made on an under
standing with the men that the output
of the works shall not be diminished by
this shortening of the hours. The men
are to be punctual and energetic and
to save the owners from loss because of
this shortening of hours, by greater in
dustry. There is to be no reduction of
wages, and if the end of a year finds
the experiment successful the forty
eight-hour week will be the permanent
arrangement
Prof. Garner, who is in Africa in
quiring and experimenting concerning
monkey speech writes to the Balloon
society that he has already gathered
much valuable data and is making a
beginning of his real work lie wrote
from Libreville, French Congo, and
said he had access there to fine young
chimpanzee and had promise of two
young gorillas The belief that the
monkeys talk is very general among
the natives and residents of the in
terror. He has also gathered much
quaint folk lore concerning the apes.
He was going on a trip up the Gaboon
river, and then to Chanon, town in
the bush about three hours journey
from Libreville, on the south side of the
river. His contemplated route thence
is overland via Cape Lopez to the Settle
Come and Angovie, returning to Ango-
vie river and up that valley overland to
the Middle Congo Basin, down the
north side of that river to the coast