New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1893-11-12

and perhaps to lead TO some expiration i.;v -
As likely to be affected 10y the introduction Of the
Prhclpe, OF Encouraging our own inanu'ac. ir
imported from other countries. So also were the
hemp came under Consideration it was urged that
IL could be produced in tle tnitei states III guam
age required for our shipping, and then the
! question became the compound one Of what rate
production Of hemp what tate could b. collected.
ana now me duty would %iten, mp ,u'I,ns.
quantities in Pennsylvania; and 1t was urged that
anf imp9s3n Of the E' r a% g ' in mnsh
larger quantities So with regard TO every article
adj vaiorcm duty. The bearing Of The imposition on
our own industry. whether that Industry was com,
products o! the soil. or Of ship-buiiiins. or navi-
ga,on. wa duly considered ina ,,,,. ,r,sr.s,,rr
and instructive debate. which ended In the framing
| things a certain discmssion on the eject of i'm
posing duties on ardent spirits ana on inoiasse,.
! that powerfully arrests attention In our own
time We have seen confederaey Of ne southern
States sustain long against the Federal
/ Government upon a system Of finance based largely
nlon ne sinse ariiGr on e'1T" proc, ~ roton
/ IN 1850 was 4.rf'.77o bales In lSol 4 MS SG6gG
nor DO said that cotton was an article OF production
account Mr Burke 81 South Carolina. who
abe t. speak Of his OWL St"tr, ann OF , apJ"n
s.deraion. made the statement that III" staple
!
worth cultivation. Of their fan in price;
the planters were. Therefore. di~rc,td - procure
10 the growth of hemp and there was no doubt
its culture would be- practscd with attention COT
ton was Likewise in contemplation among them.
and If good seed could be- procured. he hoped q
would produce hemp in a1unIanc,-nlny thousand
S S@ns mai e Sf the i %,' Of a,, duty at"
on hemp. and cncourasing ii AGAINST The time
when supply might be- had OF our own ouitiva-
ton At that time the chief products of South
Carolina and Georgia were rice and indigo.
FEATURES or THE FIRST REVENrE LAW.
When the hill to be framed FOR the rur-
poe Of obtaining the very Insignificant sum Of
&0nGw the amount supposed ~ be needed Tor the
expenses Of the Government. il was deemed proper
TO declare in a preamble the objects that were to
he accomplished II is not material to consider
in what order these were stated, because each
OF them was declared to be necessary. each OF
them important ~ the others ana no
one OF them was male incidental 10 or dependent
basis on which the LEGISLATION was 10 be adopted
in the same declare ton OF the purposes 10 b. Ell
as follows: "Wher,as it is necessary for the
support Of the Government, fer the discnarr"
Of The debts Of the United states; and icr Tie
announcement Of manufactures. that duties D.
he il enacted etc. That ana after tie hrst
day of August next. ensuing d1S9'. the several du-
ties herein mentioned shall be Land on the l9llo"-
ing goods. wares and merchandise. import 81 INTO
the United States from any port or place.
laton after the Constitution WAS adopted H. was
deemed proper to make the encouraEenent ani pro,
objects 10 be- c1-cted by the Hesitation. which
acted mpon by the saparae states but neiccualy
because the States could only lay duties on ioreth
products brought into their own domnionS. ana
that the situation Of the country was Nitu'ly
the same in l7's as 1t has been enc IN MS
tween that and any subsequent period being IN
respect to thc quantity Of imporla'i9ns ana ',e
quantity and kind OF our own product. lnrIss
were the questions then 49, no" III regard
to the announcement ana protection Of ilanu-
might be introduced and established later.
There r. one fact 10 b. noticed however. "hi,h |
ton OF the United StatcS Ia l7,' and IN" situation
the intel states dil not produce" ana n"ver f.
would produce The precious metals. -, I"'f va |
unless they came In thc foi,n of wAre. or jew (
ery on which an a. valorem dnt waS inp "n,i
This nrosrecii,r i~eisation com ob,iorly TO !
have Been designed a. an expr~-tion 81 NJ ntent
~ Congress 20 encourage IN" protection 'I cotton
wheney%r IT should G 9ppa'e' n rs Of cent.
a pound on foreign cotton could not it"iicc .i,y /
revenue in l7ss but would ssnhy l,H' y. -
would b. ready to eno2uras~ x enIiF" ion .,
cotton when II might 9f c%n sAa a' am artlce
already produced In this country; anl capable 81
OF 90 cents on every u. pounds to take effect D.
cemler l. 1870. IL" articles on "hl,h me IT,"
dates were laid ~ 'h~ 'il distributed themselves
~" rIrstr roita,n manufactures or articles on which
labor has been expended IN III" production steer
;,, y inherit 1b,1inei rom tn ground.
n ,t,ii,. urodu1ei b. labor. had the moderate
dmtv Of ~ cents ii ~ shcl pat upon it, cannot
di.cover from The l,oat. that coal was REGARDED
u. a product or The United states. nnd therefor"
the presumption is that this low duit vas 1T,
posed on foreign coal f'om the same motiv. as ne
duty Oh cotton Indigo Wa subject 10 inc mn
duty Of 10 cents Porbmi eo,hnrn sud Manu-
iacturcd tobacco aud snum. picked hsh '"Ihch
subjected 10 hgn duties Tor we S"iiir i.I 49,,
second Teas which could not be sNp'c',l -
according To- The plac" from which the VESSELS cane
In which they were imported. II importer !""
states and leionglns to citizen Or citizens
thereof or built ia loteisn countri,s, ana @" '
., the ,,1,arisi"n she dtics imposed wcrc
l I@ "' III mportc from Europe in vessels of me
same ownership the duties were hi2her. II IN,
higher Thus OF Tyson teas the duties ranged
from 20 cents 70 - cents a pound ,
Then there remained another large class nancy ,e
teas Imported from China or India in foreign
valorem was imposed There was stlI another
class which al valoren lutte Were hpos r
Of them being produced in the United States
LESSONS OF TIE BILL
The conclusions which are 10 be- drawn from the
first revenue law, and the debates which preceded
lis enactment. may be stated as follows: FIRST
Entire freedom Of trade. however right Ueoreu-
rallv T., inexpodicnt and impractcabe Tor
country OF diversified pursuits I'm which capital and
industry are employed in agriculture. in naviga-
lion in manufactures, in fisheries and in mining.
The situation Of the country at any given time
relative to other countries. however that situation
NAY have been produced whether by its own ltSis-
nfion or by the action OF other countries, must
intrrmine what foreign commodities shall be free. |
and what shall be subjected To imEosts ana du'i3s ,
This situation will vary at different times. ana the
egislation must therefore be varied from time 70
inc: but when for long course of years the !
"a pital and Industry of the country: or OF con- .
sd. Iabc parts IT. have been employed IN par
icuar products and pursuits, sudden changes for
whatever reasons rcsortcd to. cannot be made I
Without causing great disturbance and loss OF Ma I
ional wealth.
Second-Thc power conferred on Congress by the
nstituton to lay and collect taxes. duties I'M /
)osts excuses. subject only ID the condition tat
hey shall De uniform throughout the nitcd states, .
AIKEN in connection with the circumstances cX- I
sting at the time of it's establishment. warrants {
he deduction that when the National Government 7
reeds as il must at all times need. revenue. IL I
nav resort direct Indirect taxation. as IL 4
= now called, To internal or external revenue,
n . both. IL does not appear from the discus /:
ions 1859 do thing II II fair Inference from I
mem. that when domestic industry. meaning
hereby what commonly called the interests OF
lhor as dsllmgulshed from The inlercsts OF the