Morning journal and courier., 1893-06-28

eSS%W
been done as regards investigations regard
Ing tuberculosis that seourge of the race,
and quoted individual cases of renown In
this research.
The distinguished virohow, in a letter
to friend, wrote these memorable words:
THE vaccine disease, in my opinion, is
not q preventive of the smallpox, but the
smallpox itself; that is, the horrible form
under which 1t appears in its conta-
gtous state is las I conceive) a malignant
variety. Now, if 1t should ever be discov-
cred that the plague Is variety of some
milder disease, generated in way that
may even elude our researches, and the
source should be discovered whence 1t
sprang, this may be applied to great and
grand purpose. The phenomena of the
oow-pox open many paths for special &C.
ton, every one of which hope may be
explored"
The milder forms of disease which he
hoped to find have already been produced
in the biological laboratory, in limiting
the bacteria themselves through variations
in the conditions of their growth.
If the public actually feels the need of
some better attainable knowledge on this
or any other subject that presses close on
health and life, am sure that the means
for the studywill be given to that college
which most completely demonstrates the
need and its own capacity to conduct
profitable investigation.
Can an association of men for the pur-
pose of study, which confers degrees which
are acknowledged as valid throughout
Christiandom. is endowed ,and is privileged
by the state in order that the people may
receive intellectual guidancee Can our
universities offer anything less than the
best in medical sciencea
PRIZES IN THE MEDICAL SCHOOL.
The following announcement of prizes
and honors was made: Degree of doctor
of medicine, cum laude, Edward W. Good
enough, Winchester, Conn; Franklin L.
Lawton, Meriden; Franklin B. Sweet,
lebanon. The Campbell gold medal for
highest rank In examination, Franklin L.
Lswton, with honorable mention of Ell
ward W. Goodenough. The Reese prize
for the most meritorious thesis, awarded
to Arthur s. Cheney of New Haven, with
honorable mention Of Robert E. Peck and
Leonard S. Sanford, both of this city.
Obstetrical prize awarded for best exami-
nation to Frederick s. Cowles of Rome, N.
Peck.
OTHER EVENTS.
At o'clock yesterday afternoon an alumni
meeting was held at the new medical school
laboratory On York street. The building
was at this time thrown open to the public
| for the first time. At 2 O'Clock reception
| was rendered DR.. Walcott by DR.. ". II.
Carmalt at the residence of the latter.
GOV. wALLEK'sP RACTECALTA TALK
at the Law School Commencement
Exercises at Center Church-The
| Townsend Plize Speaktng-The
| Prize Winners.
/ The sixty-ninth anniversary of the Yale
Law school took place in Center church
yesterday afternoon at O'Clock. The ex-
ercises opened with prayer by President
Dwight.
On the stage beside President Dwight
and Professors Baldwin and Wayland OF
the law school and Rev. DR.. Munger and
others of this city were Hon. Charlton T.
Lewis, LID, of Now York city, class Of
'5S, Hon. Henry h. Ingsrsol, LID, OF
Knoxville, Tenn, and Rogers Foster, Eeq
7s, New York city.
The speaking for the Townsend prize Of
$t00 for the best Grafton pronounced Al
graduation followed the opening prayer
Charles Poole Kellogg, B. A, of Water
bury, Conn.,, was tbs first speaker. Hi.
subject was "The Importation of Armed
Men from Other States to Protect Proper
ty." He delivered polished and scholar
ly address and was followed by Arthur
Collins Graves, B. A., Trinity college, o.
this city, who spoke on the Sherman
anti trust act. He spoke in part as fol
lows:
SIN this early stages of civilization indi
vidual action, individual effort were suf
6cient to meet the demands of industry
But with the advance Of civilization comes
the demand for combined action ant
| effort. To meet this necessity partner
, ships are formed. But partnerships, will
, all their power Of uniting individual re
sources, fail to meet the requirements O
human activity. New conditions of lif
call for a still greater concentration Of
power. To meet these more complex ia
dustrial relations corporations are created
fusing into one individual entity thu
strength and resources of many.
It would be supposed, and for centuries
had been supposed, that the corporation
with its large and varied powers would bt
sufficient to meet all requirements of thu
industrial and commercial world. But II
recent times, a still greater aggregation o.
forces has been devised in what is known
as the modern trust.
The trust is a combination of corpora
tons. It takes into Its grasp not individ
uals, but corporations, each perhaps grea
and powerful in ITSELF knitting them to
gether and fabricating them into one vast
and far-reaching engine of power.
The trust is not 'sper 80" Illegal or wrong
But it is liable to abuse, and in the hands
of combined and INSCRIPTIONS capitalists
may become a merciess engine of oppres
sion. 1t supplies the market to suit it.
own desires, and, the supply always being
kept below the demand, prices to the con.
sumner are enhanced. The wealth of the
country pours into the hands of capitalists
large fortunes are amassed and the public
is held in the grasp of monopoly.
1t was such condition of affairs that leo
to the passage of the Sherman antitrust
ect in July, 1890.
In main the act provides that every con
tract or combination in form of q trust OIL
otherwise, or conspiracy in restraint Of
trade, among the several states shall BE-
illegal and void, and that persons 30 com
bining shall be guilty of mtsdemeanor
Now to determine what place this act shall
| occupy III TeIneQ1al leSlslatlOD, We ASK
How far is special legislation, state or fed
eral, necessary to eradicate the evils of the
trust2
1t is very old and we'll recognized prin.
ciple of common law that contracts in re-
straint of trade are Illegal. From the EARL
est days of common law, monopolies and
contracts which prevent free competition
and tend to enhance the price of cemmod
tiles, have received very severe treatment
in courts of justice. Formerly the law in
this particular was much ssricser than il
recent times.
1t may bs contended, however, with
propriety, that for the purpose of carrying
out and applying the principles of the
common law in respect to these trusts,
special legislation is desirable. The CUES
ton then arises Is the Sherman antitrust
act constitutional and proper Law fol-
this purposel
- Being federal statute, it seeks to pro-
tect the interests of the people of the
United States at large in their commercial
dealings with one another. Without
questioning the principles of the copsti.
tutional law, 1t will be observed that they
do not initiate against the constitutionality
Of the Sherman act, but merely limit the
sphere of its operation.
One cannot investigate such subject as
IT. =