The record-union., 1893-01-25
FARM And ORCHARD.
Some Interesting Experiments in
Butter-Making.
Success in Dairying-Matine Poultry
Renting Farms-Teaching Calves to
Drink - Barley for Mating = Coal
Ashes-The Sahara Desert.

EDS. RECORD UNION: While no old
butter-maker, have had some expert
ence in that line from my youth up. A
friend recently informed me that black
pepsin would greatly increase the yield
of butter and had our druggist order
some. She was very sanguine of success
and invited me to see the marvellous re-
suits. She churued two gallons OF cream
in the usual way and made four pounds
and three ounces of butter. She then
churned two gallons with black pepsin
and only made four pounds and seven
ounces. She at once pronounced 1t
humbug. l noticed the buttermilk was
Iull of little particles of butter not gath
cred and called her attention to it, but she
claimed she had followed the directions
to the letter, and as it was not as she ex-
pected it was failure. l asked her to let
me take some pepsin home and try it and
next day l churned, but the result was
the same as with my friend, no increase
of butter, but the richest buttermilk
ever saw. Next day | churned more
slowly and was rewarded by decided
increase of butter. Next day | let the
cream get very thick and churned more
slowly after it began to break and made
two gallons. Two gallons churned in the
old way made four pounds and seven
ounces of butter. ] have used black pep
sin ever since with complete success. A
teaspoontul of black pepsin to each gallon
OF cream will combine in the form OF put
ter all the cheese butter and sugar that
milk contains, and you will have more
than twice as much good butter. over
half of the healthful solids in milk are
thrown away in the butternilk by the
old way of churning. Hero in Nebraska
the markets are poor, but being able TO
double the increase OF butter by using
pepsin l can make money at our prices,
but back home in the East this system OF
butter-making should be fortune to any
farmer, and it will certainly pay to try it.
Have patience enough to learn. Do not
think you can double the income from
the cows without thought or experience,
but week should enable you to more
than double your yield of butter without
additional expense or labor.
Mrs. MARY HALL.
Omaha, Neb., January Is, 1898.
SUCCESS IN DAIRYING.
Every dairyman should at all times
class himself as a student of the indus
try, and more than this he should not
contine his studies to books and papers,
for, at the stable and pasture there is ever
an unfolding lesson that, If subjected to
close scrutiny, will be of great value to
the farmer. Success comes quite as much
from noticing the little details of dairy
ing, and classifying them according to
cause and effect to secure the desired re-
suits, as in complying with the more
prominent rules that are quoted as lying
at the foundation of dairy success. The
dairyman who watches closely the habits
and dOingS OF the cows of his herd, will
soon see that success in great measure
IS the result of fixed set of regulations
that are to be observed and made part
and parcel of the daily round. These
things must be made individual to some
extent, so as to fit each and every cow,
for what is adapted to one COW, is not just
what some other cow will require to
make her comfort complete. During the
past summer | have had this in mind,
and for years for that matter, and | find
that so far as the details are concerned,
that the closer we approach a certain line
of regularity the more marked the sue
cess.
In the first place the stable should
never be allowed to get in disorder, but
be kept clean and tidy, and above all,
whitewashed, and the cObwebs swept
down; and it will be found that sprink-
ling the CUTTERS each few days with that
cheapest of all disinfectants, road dust,
will give the barn a healthy tone, that
will repay over and over Tor the little
trouble that it requires. While it may be
true that it does not directly pay to feed
the COWS GraIS through the summer, it
does pay i'll other ways, notably in hav
ing the COWS form the habit of coming
from the pastures OF their own accord,
toward milking time, and replaces the
use of dog. The grain ration may be
very small, one pound of seconds each,
daily, will be ample, and is best fed at
night. This year l fed oat dust, pro-
duct of the oatmeal mills, costing about
81 50 per ton, and from it secured very
favorable results. 1t is also good plan
to have each COW have her own tying
place. and make il home, and see that
she is tied in no other place. Keep the
manger clean. even if some day it does
require you to go at it with an old broom
and hot water. A cow never objects to
dining off a clean plate.
Feeding before milking is, 1 think, a
good plan with the summer mess but in
winter, when feeding full rations, it is
better to feed after milking, so as to give
the cows time TO eat, and not interfere
with the work of the mixers, as COWS
need, as rule, more time to eat than it is
possible 10 allow, and then the COWS soon
fall into the habit of voiding when being
milked, which is great nuisance when
there are forty cows TO milk. When it is
possible, there should be a tank of water
in the yard where the cows can get their
ill before going into the stalls. 1t is sur
prising how much water a dairy will
consume in summer in this way, even
where the pasture is abundantly supplied
with springs and running brooks, and in
the winter a galvanized iron trough.
fastened to the inside front OF the manger,
kept filled with water, will be paying
investment.
Regular hours for milking should be
observed. and the same person should
milk the same cows, though it will be OBJ
served that some cows take dislike to
certain persons, and do not readily give
their milk, in which case make a change
and see if the whims of the COW. when
gratified, do not result in increased milk.
Cows like a change of grain occasionally
and now then COW will not eat certain
kind, in which case humor her, for fore
ing COW to do what she takes exceptions
to, never results in an increased flow of
milk. Talking, or boisterous proceedings
in a stable where milking is going on,
should never be allowed. and anything
that eXciteS a COW or attracts her atten-
ton away from the process OF milking is
sure to cause less milk, and while the eX-
citable Goa, and the one that is ever on
the alert, are sure to give the most milk,
there IS no reason IN the world why
mixers should cultivate these traits.
Pet the cows and make them under
stand that you are their friend and have
no occasion to dog or worry them, much
less maltreat them to show that you are
their master. A stiff brush and spring
currycOmb are in the nature of connect
ing links between owner and cow in the
way of confidence, though different cows
have different ways of expressing their
feelings. No one ever made cow better
by brutal treatment, though many a COW
by heredity and early environment has
been made vicious. Treat such as well
as one may, they will be treacherous.
The cows love for warmth should be
hunored 1t is only the cows resnonse