davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1893-09-06
PEASANT pEOPRIET0BS IN THE
MOUNTAINS OF JAMAICA.
From the Cleaner.

The population consists of small cultivators
who reside in neat huts and cottages on the
slopes an SUBMITS Of the small eminences
in the mainvalleys. Many of the cottages are
substantially constructed and are we'll fur
nished, with attempts at decoration which in
numerous cases succeed better than can be
imagined by the passing visitor. Books are
also to be seen in almost every dwelling, and
il need not surprise the superior stranger if
be happen to witness scenes similar to those
described by Burns ia his immortal "Cottars
Saturday night.
The patch surrounding each cottage is
generally given up to the cultivation of
ground provisions. The climbing yam is
present everywhere, and tobacco, 'cassava,
c%ocoanut palms, banonas, and coffee are also
common. But ..the regular Civilizations alo
away up on the hills and the residences are in
the valley for convenience's sake. The ma
jority do fairly VIII in the pursuit of the
coffee industry, and will do much better when
the pinch of compensation extends their know
ledge, stimulates their exertlons and increases
the facilities for cultivation and more
efficient curing.
In their social condition they are distinct
frov, the people of the plains, distinct in
education, manners and ideas. They are
more advanced. prosperous and puDctilious.
The younger generation lake their cue from
their elders land there are many old slaves
lingering here whom it is a pleasure to meet
aud a baby learns to curtesy as soon az it
LEARNS to stand and to enunciate "goood
morning" as soon .s it can conquer the
, 1893-09-06

s%yllables of speech. Obi is fast losing his
grasp on the popular imagination, and the
Reality is being substituted, churches and
church work enterin largely into the life aud
interest of the people.
One calm Sabbath day the writer rode
several miles through wild, yet beautiful,
scenery to attend the service in one Of the
disendowed churches of the island. 1t is a
plain white structure built ON m inland
hillside but commanding q view Of the blue
plain below Shooters Hill. There was q
crowded congregation of black people, re-
specially dressed. and the ocoupier of che
pull pit was q young black man. The service
was gone through with revrrent heartiness
and alter wards in the cool sunshine on the
lawn outside there was the lingering. the
meetings, and slow simple talk which wildly
recalled the English and Scotch country
churches. A part from colour the scene
might have been in one or other of these two
countries.
A sojourner among the simple people Of the
upland, as the writer Intentionally was for
many pleasant days, learns to appreciate tie
great advance made since emancipation, to
wonder Mt it and to speculate on he result
OF another half ceutury's progress. Con-
trastlng this yeomen class with the cores
ponding class of France, Of England, Of
Ireland, and even Of Scotland. they lose
nothing by the comparison and a careful
observer cannot but come to the conclusion
that a more happily situated peasantry are
not to be found in the world They are per-
fectly content with their lot which gives them
neither poverty nor Riches and is cast among
scenes OF the most exquisite natural beauty,
and i l,eft q ionfvPy the political ogitator wi
assuIedly develop a civilization which may
astonlsh the Caucasian race and be the solu-
tion Of the s~o-calIed negro problem Even
at this early stage Of their Advancement hey
shadow forth great possibilities which rekin-
die the faith and hope that are apt to burn
low on a study Of the character and economic
conditions Of the race in other portions Of
the colony.
, 1893-09-06
EMIGRATION FROM ST KITS TO
DOMINICA.
From The Dominican, august l0h.)

To the Editor Of The Dominican"
Sir,-In a leading article in the last issue
Of your paper you gset your face against a
suggested emigration from st. Kits to this
island for the reason, as you assert, that st.
Kits is too thinly populated for its agricultu-
raj needs.
l have always advocated the advent of
immigrants here because there is abundance
of splendid unoccupied land that only
requires enterprise and industry to convert
it into thriving farms and plantations. l
do not, therefore, like to see the Editor of
the old established Dominican throw cold
water on excellent advice given to the
suffering people of st. kits with a view os
inducing them to emigrate to Dominica. more
especially as your arguments against the
suggested emigration appear to me to be
uhsound.
You say St. kits lis very much under
populated in comparison with it's require
ments,' What requirements do you refer
to? Those of the planters, or those of
the people ? If the former. you may
perhaps in a degree be right, for over
population means cheap labour, ard thus
the competition for employment results
in increased profit to the planters. But,
on the other hand, over population brings
by this very competition untold suffetings
to the speople in their miserable struggle
fer existence.
Taken as a class the planters of St. Kits
are rich and prosperous and practically
they own all the soil Of the island. In the
hardest times of the sugar crisis they held
their heads above water and it is a we'll known
fact that sugar can be produced oheape in st.
Kits than in any other island Of the West
Indies, owing in a measure to the rich soil
but in a far greater measure to the low priced
and efficient labour.
Whilst the planters are SO prosperous, as
compared with their fellows in the other
islands what is the condition of the people?
In the first place the labourer has no chance
. fraising himself to the position Of a peasant
proprietor for the reason that small lots of
land are unobtainable. Tn Grenada. Where a
large and very prosperous peasant proprietary
exists, many Of the old sugar estates were;
sold piecemeat by the impoverished owners.
in ST. Kits the proprietors for obvious
reasons will not sell their estates in lots
and, as they own all the land .of purely
agricultural country, the industrious la
bourer has no hope of becoming any.
thing else but an unit of the miserable
roverty-striken population unless he 'emi-
CRATE.
, 1893-09-06

It is not long since l made prolonged
visits to most Of the islands Of the Antilles
and, as it was necessary for me to enquire
into the general condition of the labouring
population, l am able to speak with some
little authority on the subject. And l regret
to say that in st. Kits there is more poverty
and suffering amor gSt the people than IN any
other island ! visited. The reports Of the
local medical officers are painful and sad
reading. Dirt, disease, and indecent over.
crowdlng in wrvtched diminutive novels
with the necessary cpnc0mitants of vice and
its consequences, are the texts from which
tie doctors have often preached to matter
tive and unmindful hearers. In 1881, the
lato DIR. Boon published 4 report IL which
the following pltifal passage occurs In
" consequence Of crop time ending early this
Z" year aud Of the rigid economy III the
" management Of estates which the crisis in
" the su ar trade his rendered necessary
" the condition of the labouring population
" has been most serious. Never before has
" there been such poverty and restitution
IN the island. ! am Of opinion that a
9 consId cradle number Of peolle iii the town
" are thin a measurable distance of actual
g starvation My w Observations have
led me TO the conclusion that the poverty and
suffering amongst the people IN ST, Kits are
UNNECESSARILY greater than in those islands
IN which there is a large class Of pea
SAINT proprietors. When | was in Grenada
| was astonished to find the nupber If
persons who had raised themselves by thrift
and industry from the l0wly stations Of field
Iabourers t. positions of comparative afiu-
ence amongst the peasant proprietors. In
Dominica men of the same class have racti-
cally created the cacao industry Of the
island for the greater part Of that staple
exported Is grown by these peasant proprietors
who proved themselves to be the backbone
of the island in the dark days Of the
''su gar crisis The accompanying cutting
from the Jamaica Cleaner Of the 29th
May last, is very pleasant reading after
the details / base given concerning the con-
dition Of the labouring population Of st. Kits
The account OF the peasant proprietors Of q
district in the Blue Mountains shows what the
negro agriculturist can do when he throws his
entire energies into the work Of building up
his own fortunes-which is synonymous with
pushing on the prosperity Of his country.
Tn reference to the political agitator" is
significant. If half the time and energy
expended on political agitation were devoted
to the furtherance Of the material welfare of
the people many social and political problems
in these countries would find their own
solution.
| have. &c,
II. A. ALFORD NICHOLS.
Koseau, 9TH August 1898.
, 1893-09-06

among the interesting sights Of this Great
Exposition | do not think there is one which
appeals more to the heart than the Irish
industrial Exhibit. AS a lover Of philan.
thropy and an admirer of everything human
tartan, / here record ms profound respect
for the Countess of Aberdeen, that amiabIe
woman, through whose exprtions the Irish
Industries Association was founded. the mem
Oers and supporters Of which society. in,
olude the most prominent persons in Ireland
OF all classes, creeds and political opinions.
That such an institution was desirable. is
only known to those best acquainted with the
misery induced in that country by bad seasons
and unfruitful land, which often reduce the
people to the verge of starvation. This as.
soclatlon by opening up new industries such
as the making of underclothing, lace, en-
broidery, knitting, handloom weaving &c,
has already accomplished a great work among
them, and now, through the Worlds Colum.
blan Exposition, seeks TO demonstrate the ex-
pertness Of the workers and to find Il market
for their goods on this side of the Atlantic,
as well as to raise capital enough TO further,
still more, this laudable scheme for the en-.
couragement Of Irish industries.
@ q @ o q
The Irish Industrial village, which is situa-
ted ON the lower part of the roadway from
the Exhibition grounds, in, the Midway Plat
sancs, attracts crowds. of sightseers daily.
These are of all nationalities, and few go away
without purchasing some little trinket or
souvenir in remembrance of their visit,
The village, itself, consists of a Secession
OF cottages. You enter any one of them and
you will find Irish maidens engaged in the
production of a home industry. Some If
these young girls are very pretty. All of
them are kindly spoken and answer any
question you put to them. II is very interesting
to watch them making the beautiful lace for
which Ireland was once famous, and it is ex-
tremely gratifying to think that an almost
forgotten art. has been rescued from oblivion.
The work done in embroidery, hand loom
, 1893-09-06
The Worlds Fair
seen through West Indian
SpectacleS.

BY CHARLES EDWIN TAYLOR Special Deleqato
+ ON st. Thomas D. ". r. 10 the Worlds
Columbian Exposition.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
ON THE RUSH.
New MexicO's San Juan Valley Ex.
cited Over the Placer Gold
Discoveries.

L. L. Henry, esq, an attorney of Aztec,
San Juan county, writes Clerk Goshorn
that northwest New Mexico has gone daft
ovel-he ncw placer gold discoveries on
t,a4Sen Iz,nr -:vsr. MANY haze left there
for sne new Eldorado among others, NJ.
H. Pickens, Boone Browne, Jesse W.
Hendrickson, Chas. Day and others. Hun
dreds of prospectors and fortune hunters
from Colorado are also passing down the
San Juan river. and some prospecting is
going on along the stream in New Mex.
ico 1t may be that the placer gold is
not wholly confined to the Utah section of
this stream.
In this connection it may be stated that
more recent reports from these gold fields
would seem to indicate that the precious
metal really does exist there in paying
quantities. Both the Atlantic & Pacific
and the D. g. r. G. railroad officials have
sent experts to make examinations and
these return very favorable reports. AT
the same time, however, they all agree
that it is not "a poor mans mining dis
trict." It is barren gulch, without fuel
or supplies; living is high and there is no
lumber within 200 miles of the camp.
Hundreds of men are sleeping in tents
and under rocks, and very many who 60
in there now are doomed to disappoint-
ment. As far as northwest New Mexico
is concerned the San Juan Index sizes up
the situation about right when it says:
"The San Juan rancher who goes to the
new gold fields with big load Of vege-
tables early next spring will get the most
gold"
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
Amateur Athletics.

PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 5.-The annual
winter championship games of the
American Amateur Athletic union will
take place tonight and Saturday night,
and the entries insure the most successful
wrestling and boxing contests ever given
under the auspices of this national or
ganization. The contests will be as fol-
lows: Boxing, los pounds, lis pounds,
l35 pounds, 1853 pounds heavy weight and
also special weight, 1875 pounds, for a
medal presented by 7. H. Downing;
wrestling, 1O5 pounds, 115 pounds, 1856
pounds and 1853 pc ads. Maxey Moore,
of the New York Athletic club, will be
tina referee. The trial coucs will be held
tonight and the final contests will be de-
cided upon on Saturday.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
ON DIVORCES.
Mrs. Stevens Discusses a Pending Bill
"A Plea for Re-marriages-Facts
for Law Makers.
To the r 'itor OF the New Mexican.

To the + >itor OF the New Mexican.
CHAmA, Jan al see in your reports
that Mr.. Read has introduced H. B. No
IL, relating to divorce laws. hope that
if it passes, it will be amended so far as
regards the clause forbidding the re-mar-
riage ofdivorced persons. No doubt the
author of the bill deplores the loose di-
vorce laws that prevail in many states
and territories, but this is not the way to
regulate these and their consequent evils.
I think Mr.. Read has not studied the
question thoroughly, or he would have
found that the communities which do not
permit re-marriage are by no means the
most moral. South Carolina is the only
state which prohibits re-marriage Of di-
vorcees, and the statistics show larger
per cent of illegitimate children born in
South Carolina than in any other state in
the aion, in proportion to her poppla-
tion. Do those who have contracted
youthful, unhappy marriages, who might
if permitted, after release from irksome
bonds, contract other and happy unions,
yet, finding the iron hand of the law
laid upon them, resign themselves
to celibacy? By no means.
Too often they enter into relations
fatal to themselves and society, when had
they been permitted honorable re-mar-
riage they might have made virtuous and
happy husbands and wives.
/ do not think such law will pass the
legislative body, but write this commu-
nication in the hopes that it will cause
some who have only given the subject
cursory glance to look into the statistics
of divorce and prohibitory re-marriage;
it would be a great mistake indeed, were
such an act to pass. 1t would fail of it's
purpose in many cases, for parties could
go over into Colorado or some adjoining
territory where re-marriage is permitted,
have the ceremony performed. then re-
turn to New Mexico and live. But where
it would be impossible for them 10 take
this advantage, its effect, as have said,
would be to drive many into relations in
fnitely more injurious to the morals of
our territory than twenty times the same
number of legal divorces and re-mar-
riages.
But will suggest to Mr.. Read, instead
of fitting at this Windmill, to turn his at
tention to and secure the repeal of law
that is blot upon civilization, namely,
one that, if mans wife refuses to live
with him; permits him to put her in jail.
He will deserve the lasting gratitude of
all New Mexico.
FLORA ELL1cE STEVENS.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
WORD FROM THE FRONT.
some Gold Has Already Been Taken
Out.

DURANGO, Colo. Jan. g. The Great
Southwest publishes three letters from
the gold fields. All agree that the report
had been exaggerated, but it is true that
much gold is being mined and expensive
machinery is being put in. man from
Bluff City showed $1,000 worth of dust
from the canon. He says he is sure that
there will be good camp in that district.
Word from Mancos says that two tests
had been made of dirt from placers--one
returned $19.40 to the cubic yard, and the
other $12. Excitement is intensified
wherever the news has reached. Here
parties are leaving every hour, and hun
dreds, if not thousands, will be on the
road to the placers within twenty-four
honrs
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
DEMING ROAD CONCESSION
1t is Transferred to Strong English
Syndicate-Operati Will
Commence,

CRY OF MExIoo, Jan. ga transfer has
been made of all interests in the con-
cession of railway from Guaymas to
Deming, distance of 1,40O miles. The
purchaser is strong English organiza-
tion called the Mexican Northern Pacific
Railway company. The various inter
ests concerned were represented here by
W. D. Davis, solicitor of London; Col. H..
Sherman, of Cleveland, Ohio, and Judge
D. j. Cable, of Lima, Ohio. The new
company has made arrangements for
completing and putting into actual oper-
alton 13O miles of the road during the
next four months, the section in question
being the portion from Deming to Corrali-
tOS
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
AriZOna'S Statehood,

PHOENIX, Ariz., Jan. 5.-The Republi-
can and Democratic territorial central
committees we're in session here yester-
day. Each adopted set of resolutions
urging upon congress immediate action
upon the admission of Arizona. The
committees met later at the rooms of
Governor Murphy and adopted joint
resolution urging upon congress, ire
spective of party, the immediate admis-
sion of Arizona. The resolutions declare
that the business interests of the people
and the material welfare of the territory
demand that it shall no longer be kept out
of the union: that the territory of Ari-
zona having every qualification to enter
the union of states, there is no vail rea-
son why statehood should be denied.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
Death at Albuquerque

Mrs. Jesus B. Armijo died at her resi-
denc in Albuquerque yesterday. The
deceased arrived in that city two weeks
ago from Chicago, with two of her chill
dren, Ambrosio and Belle dangerously ill
with quick consumption.
On Columbus day in Chicago, the lady
took very severe cold which developed
into pleurisy, and from 1.-THE latter disease
quick consumption came on, resulting
finally in her death.
She was AZ years old, and has an only
brother, M. Samaniego, residing in Tue
son, A. T., and an only sister, Mrs. Jas. A.
Lucas, living at Silver City, N. M.
She was most excellent lady, and be-
sides host of dear relatives and friends
scattered all over the southwest, she leaves
ahusband and six children.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05

RALEIGH, N. G., Jan. 5.-North Corolina
Commercial and Industrial association,
which comprises the business men from
all sections of the state, will meet here
to-day for the purpose of further perfect
ing the organization and the arranging of
affairs which will draw the attention of
commercial and financial interests to
North Carolina. Alfred A. Thompson is
the president of the organization.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
IN SANTA FE'S BEHALF.
Delegate Joseph Introduces the Bill
for Large Post.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 5.-Delegate Joseph,
of New Mexico, yesterday introduced a
bill providing for the appropriation OF
$15O,OOO for the establishment of mill
tary post at or near Santa Fe. 1t is pro-
vided that in case the appropriation is
made citizens of the territory of New
Mexico shall donate not less than $40 nor
more than 1000 acres of land for site
for the post.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
Colorado LEGISLATURE.

DENVER, Col, Jan. 5.-The Republicans
have organized the house. 1t has been
the hope of the Democratic-Populist fa-
sion faction since election that they might
by combination control both branches of
the 9th general assembly, but despite
their efforts the Republicans have the
house by vote of 33 to 80. The Dem
ocrats and Populists have majority in
the senate.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
HOOsicr LEGISLATORS,

INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, Jan. 5.-State leg
islature, which convenes here tomorrow,
is occupying itself to-day with plans for
organization. The Democrats are hold
ing their caucus and the contest for the
speakership, which will be decided this
afternoon, lies between James A. Curtis
and William Cullop. The house stands:
Democrats 63, Republicans 81. Senate,
Democrats 35, Republicans Is. Senator
David Turpie has no opposition to his
reelection.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
q. A. IL. Installation.

At the regular meeting of Carleton
post No. 8, department of New Mexico,
G. A. R., held last evening, the following
officers we're installed for the ensuing
year, by Comrade Past Post Commander
Geo. w. Knaebel:
Francis Downs, P. G.
Jacob Weltmer, s. V. C.
Francis Bowers, j. VIC.
F. P. Crichton, chaplain.
H. NJ. Davis, adjutant.
s. D. Lasier, @. M.
John G. Hull, Surgeon.
Nelson N. Newell, O. D.
Ed Krumpagcl, 0. G.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
A Worlds Fair Manager Dead.

DENVER, Jan. 4.-Dr. Alexander Shaw,
chief of the horticultural department of
Colorado, and one of the board of Worlds
fair managers, died yesterday. DR.. Shaw
was born October 13, 1915, in Camden,
Kent county, Del. He had wide ex-
perience in the work of exhibitions.
During the centennial he was in charge
of the exhibit from Iowa; at New Orleans
he was in charge of the fruit display at
that exposition from Colorado.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
sport.

New ORLEANS, Jan. 5.-The opening
event of the new Crescent City Athletic
club is to take place this evening and
both men are reported to be in splendid
condition for the contest. The fighters
are Joe Fielden and Andy Bowen and they
are to meet for purse of $4,000, Of which
$500 goes to the loser, and they are to
weigh in at 1873 pounds.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05

WASHINGTON, Jan. 5.-The president
has sent to the senate the following nomi-
nations: Gilbert A. Pierce, of Minnesota,
minister resident and consul general of
the United States to Portugal; Geo. w.
Bartch, associate justice supreme court
of Utah.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
New York's Senatorship.

New YORK, Jan. 5.A joint Democratic
caucus is to be held in the assembly cham
Der Tuesday evening, January 10, at 8
o'clock, to decide on candidate for
United States senator.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
Matrimonial.

BROOKLYN, N. Y, Jan. 5.--This evening
the home of DR.. Talmage will occur the
marriage of Miss Bessie Whitmore, the
sister of Mrs. I. Dewitt Talmage, to
William Judson Box, Jene- of tho two
famous young brothers connected with
the American press. DR.. Talmage will
perform the ceremony.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05

DUBUQUE, Iowa, Jan. 5.-R. E. Graves,
president of the wrecked Commercial Ma
tional bank, has until to-day to file bill
of exceptions. Should those be thrown
out he must at once begin to serve his
five years term in the penitentiary.
Santa Fe daily New Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1885-1897, 1893-01-05
The VanderbiIt Coach.

New YORK, Jan. 3.-John Crum, 16-
year-old messenger boy, was knocked
down by Cornelius Vandsrbilt's coach
last night. The horses tramped on the
boys chest and the wheels passed over his
abdomen, seriously injuring him. Mr..
and Mrs. Vanderbilt were in the coach at
the time of the accident.