davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call., 1893-09-19
WHAT CHEAP FOOD MEANS.

The New York sun insists that every
vestige Of protection must be eliminated
from the tariff. The Chicago platform
has said SO and so il must be. But by far
the most elaborate editorial that has re-
Gently appeared in the San was entitled
"The Farmers and the Crisis" from which
the following is taken:
Much stress Is laid upon the necessity OF
cheap food for the wage-worker, but what
possible benefit can be derived from cheap
ness that depives The &c, ,OoO, ,0O0 who produce
food and hber'of the ability 10 keep the wage
worker employed by buying the products OF
artisan and operative? Doubling the present
price OF wheat would probably add the price OF
six or eight days labor TO the cost Of The years
supply OF bread for The average family, but
with wheat at an average OF 81 a bu>hel at the
farm markets. and other form products at pro-
portiOnate prices, there would be no idle mills.
and the Garner OF wages would have that easily
procured ana constant work which would as
sure him he continuous ability 10 buy bread
Would not that be far better than existing con-
ditiOns and bread unattaluable though low in
price?
This is pretty good argument on the
side of protection. The inevitable effect
of an increase of imported goods of va
rletles that might be made in the United
States is TO decrease the number of artisans
and operatives. The farmers therefore
not only lose part of their customers but
the consumer of farmers products under
protective tariff becomes producer
under a tariff for revenue. In this way
food is made cheap to the operative. but
that very cheapness diminishes the farm
er's value as a consumer. If the farmer
looks abroad for market he finds his
rrOduct in competition with the tan-cent-
a-day labor Of India and Russia. The
United States has been the market all
Eurore wanted to break into. not so much
Oh account of its large population as for
the purchasing bility Of the masses of the
people. But if 80 1000, 600 of our people are
to compete with Indian and Russian labor
very much Of this superior purchasing
ability will disappear.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
USEFUL BACTERIA.

1t is quite refreshing TO learn of bacteria
which are not baueful, which do not fer
ment into diseases and are really benevo-
lent and willing agents. anxious to promote
mans happiness. Life has been pro-
nounced an incessant strife Of antago-
nismS, waged by microscopic organisms i'll
the minutest speck of tissue or fluids, the
result being cell growth on the ruins of
cell decay. The myriad qualities of or
ganic substances in foods and secretions
of plants and animals seem to be depend
ent upon structure grouping and syn-
thetic composition rather than differences
of elements. Out of a few elements the
greater part of organic nature in appar-
emily iiimitable variation is compounded.
The Danes have discovered that two useful
microbes are instrumental in making good
butter. With these micro bes' the best but
ter in the worlds markets can be produced
by the dairyman. and moreover the mi
crobes may be cultivated in special fluids
or nutritive broths aud sold by the pint to
the enterprising dairy farmer. There is no
special secret about il. 1t is simply a
biological fact, like the fungus ferment of
yeast or beer, which also. as Pasteur dis
covered. has good mierobe and number
Of very bad ones, which i: is the business
of the brewer to avoid. In Holland these
kind fairy microbes are understood and
welcomed in cheesemaking, and It is pos
sibly our want of knowledge which renders
cottonseed-oil cheese so dispiriting to the
stomach and offensive to the palate. But
these butter microbes should forthwith be
paid attention 10 most respectfully in
America. We have much bad butter, much
vile, contaminated stuff, only fit for axles
and the microbes which give it its origin
must be of a noxious species. So the sci
entifc diaryman must consult Professor
Storch CT Copenhagen and Mr.. Quist of
Skanderborg, and learn how to brew a
broth stiff with benign microbes, as the
soul and animating principle OF delicious
butter.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
AMBULANCE SYSTEM.
The Jury at the Teyiotdale Inquest
Wants 1t Adopted.

The jury at the inquest held yesterday
on the body of Captain Tevio dale OF the
ship Blnnock burn in rendering their YER
diet added the following rider: we
would respectfully recommend the speedy
adoption of an ambulance system supplied
with modern appliances and reputaole
surgeon to answer all emergency eases.
They also felt called uDOn to say due
praise is given to E. B. Matthews for MS
hernc efforts to save the captains lie ana
in rescuing the other seamen.
The evidence showed that the captain
was probably dead when picked up by the
rescuing party, but no ubt was ex-
pressed by any of the witnesses that ne
was dead when the patrol wagon arrived.
E. B. Matthews, the first mate. testified
that about a quarter OF an hour elapsed
between rescuing the captain and bringing
him to the wharf While he was working
on him he did not see him breathe.
Driver Joseph of the patrol wagon testl-
fed that when he reached the wharf he
thought the captain was dead. W hen
placed on the stretcher by Police Officers
Wright and Dalton he was placed face
downward. No attempt was made at artl-
ticial respiration on the wagon, and there
was not room on the wagon for an effort
of that kind.
John Mcdonald, seaman, who was with
the captain when the boat capsizpd and
was one of those rescued. testified that
after the captain was picked up be did lot
see him breathe. He was not even certain
that the captain was alive when picked out
OF the water. They worked on him all the
time till the patrol wagon arrived.
Other testimony was given to the same
effect, and the jury brought in verdict of
accidental drowning.
The funeral of Captain Teviotdale will
take place at 10 o'clock this morning from
undertaking parlors on Sacramento street,
and it is expected that all the British ship
masters in port will attend. The deceased
captain was engaged to be married by a
young lady in this city and the marriage
was TO have taken place this week.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
THE SILVER DISCUSSION.

The purchase OF silver was an ex peri
ment. The friends of silver thoIrht a
larger use OF silver would cause thu mar
ket price to advance. But they ,werf
clearly mistaken in the hope thas th.,
small quantity the Sherman bill prtsSide4
for would maintain the price. Wksthe
a larger purchase would cause the plSce :.
advance is immaterial, since that natho3
of dealing with silver pleases neither ths
gold men nor the silver men. But \ biz
providing for the coinage Of silver. even il
the amount should be limited. would pres
sent the question of the double CT the
single standard both in its constitutional al
and its business aspect. 1t is by no reeans
certain that Congress has the power HndeI
the constitution TO make anything bnt
gold and silver the basis of currency. The
constitutional provisions are these:
SECTION g. Article VITO coin money, regu.
late the value thereof and Of foreign coins.
Sec. g, Art. Vito provide for the punish
ment of counterfeiting the securities and cur
rent coin OF tie United States
Sec. 10. Art mo State shall coin money,
Issue bllls of credit make anything but gold
ana silver coin tender In payment of debts,
What would be the financial condition
of the United States if State may make
gold and silver legal tender and if Con-
gress may set up the single gold standard ?
Yet 1t can not be contended that States are
The morning call., 1893-09-19
LENIENT CREDITORS.
Moore s. Smith Granted a Reasonable
Extension.

A majority of the principal creditors of
the embarrassed lumber firm of Moore &
Smith met in the San Francisco Board Of
Trade rooms Yesterday and duly weighed
the assets and liabilities of the firm. The
first factor was found to be incomparably
larger than the last and then Mr.. Smith
was asked what time and terms the firm
desired in order to continue business and
be freed from impOrtuning creditors. In
his answer Mr.. Smith cites the fact that
the available assets were necessary for
payment of labOrerS. and that in the ar
rangements it should be considered that
the Port Deposit and Sanger branches OF
the firm intended to continue work. be-
side prosecuting the work of development
in the factories, fumes and timber belts of
the companies.
10 all of these requests there was a gen.
eral spirit of accord. and finally the terms
OF payment were reached. Il was agreed
that in the ensuing year Moore & Smith
should pay 20 per cent of the outstanding
indebtedness; In similar period of 1S94-95
they should pay 30 per cent, aud in the
twelve months Of the fiscal year 1885 96
they should pay the balance of 90 per cent
FMS term of concession and settlement
seemed satisfactory TO all, and the great
lumber firm, with its millions of assets
can now readily wipe out the lew thou
sands that caused the embarrassment.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
WE SHALL SEE.

The inability Of President Cleveland to
comprehend the limitations Of the execu-
tive Office may he attributed to the fact
that he has had no experience in a legisla-
tive body. He has been Sheriff, Mayor.
Governor and a President. and this sue
cession Of executive Offices may have i'm
pressed him with the idea that The legisla-
tive department is inferior to the executive
in constitutional power In his present
Office he has vast patronage with which
to bring legislators TO his way Of hiking.
Although civil-seryice reformer of a GER
tain sort he has given mem bers of his
party to understand that the road TO the
pie-couuter would be hard one to travel
ii he was minded to make it so. Spoils
have generally been distributed as a re-
ward for services already rendered. The
man OF weight in his own locality has
never been overlooked unless there has
too many of that kind. But past service
goes for nothing with Mr.. Cleveland His
look is always ahead. 1t is becoming a
curious question whether this color Of
politics can win in the long run. Can a
President disregard the will of the law
making power as whole, mock the eX-
pectstinns Of lawmakers or individuals
and escape the measure of discipline the
constitution has placed in the law-making
powers hands?
The morning call., 1893-09-19
is 1T UNCONSTITUTIONAL? ?

Democratic newspapers have got into
the habit of speaking of the Mckinley
tariff act as unconstitutional. The pro-
tective system as embodied in the Nc
Klnley act is no more unconstitutional
now than it has been during the last one
hundred years. Protection has been the
rule, tariff for revenue the exception.
All the founders of the Government made
protection the dominant principle in the
tariff bills they bad part in framing. An
drew jackson was not only determined to
execute the laws of Congress, but he be-
lieved in the justice and constitutionality
of the protective system. No Supreme
Court of the United States has ever de-
clared the protective system unconstitu-
tiOnal. All the ground upon which the
claim that protection TO American labor IS
unconstitutional is based may be found in
the Chicago platform.
But the Chicago convention could only
express an opinion. 1t was not author
lied to pronounce any law or any
policy unconstitutional. But. 1t is said,
the people lndorsed the opinion Of the con-
ventiOn. 1t happens, however, that the
people did nothing of the kind. Mr..
Cleveland is mnority President The
Chicago platform did not meet the ap-
proval of One-half the voters 1t NAV be
said also that thousands Of Democrats
voted the ticket as the best that could be
done under the circumstances with an
audible protest against the tariff plank in
the platform.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
LOCAL POLITICS AND THE FIRE
DEPARTMENT.

Editor CdU-SIR: In reading the articles in
the daily press in relation To the election of two
Fire commissioners to succeed Messrs Ames
and Schmitt one would be led 10 suppose that
the only parties who bad any interest therein
were those who have done politics for their own
benefit In this city for years. and have sue.
ceeded pretty we'll in controlling the Fire De-
partment and keeping il in politics almost ever
since lis organization, and whose only fear ap-
pears 10 be now that some other political gang
NAV wreSt the control of the departm ut from
lnem 10 their polltical undOlng on next election
day.
AS an old citizen who has resided in this
community MANY years and watched the Fire
Department irom It's infancy and all the habits
ana dOlngs OF its managers, OfficIo aud eX-
omclo, have become we'll satisfied (and be-
heVe The larger portion of our intelligent voters
die o1 the same OplnOn) that The great curse OF
Inc department Is and has been lis eDthrall-
ment by political bosses.
Aud II seems o me that our honorable Board
OF supervisors have now an opportunity TO take
me depaIlmen out OF politics for good and all
by electIng TWO good men Commissioners who
are Tree from boSsiSm ana have no connection
win It's past management. and who will accent
The position for lie honor il confeTs and for the
good Of the city, and who will retain compe-
tent men and remove lncOmpetents wi hCut
regard TO any "pull," no matter where that
pulp may be located. to the end that we NAV
have department that will not have its supe.
rlOr IN the Uni ed States
And now let me ask where can better mate
rial be found for Fire Commissioners than
among the members of the Exempt Fire Com
pany and the Veteran Fireman's As >ociatiOn OF
thls city? Among them can b. found scores of
men who would do honor To the nosItion; men
VINO nave had practical experience in fighting
fires as volunteer hremen in this city In their
younger DAYS, ana who are entitled TO be re-
memOered with gratitude by the people OF this
CITY; men who have not only saved this city
from destruction time and again, but who have
added 10 It's wealth by their abOTs who have
builded their homes here, raised their families
here, who are OF US and with us, and who are
as faithful and vglant in support of The inter
ests OF this city as they were IN the days of old
Tor Its preservation.
In my humble opinion, the honorable Board
OF Supervisors could do no more graceful act
than 10 select two Commissioners from the
ranks of the companies named. Il would be
the dawn OF better day in the Fire Depart
meut he day that has been 100 long DELAYED
when officers and men Will feel secure in their
positions long as they do their duty. and
That the only path 10 promotion l. faithful and
fearless duty. OLD VOLUNTEER
The morning call., 1893-09-19
HAWAIIAN ANNEXATION AND
SUGAR.

Claus Spreckels has from the first taken
his stand against the annexation of the
Hawaiian Islands ON account CT the sugar
interests which he represents. Annexa-
tiOn would make all end Of cheap contract
labor and probably reduce the large profits
that have been made on the production of
sugar at the islands. But Hawaii is to-day
suffering from population that has been
imported to supply the cheap labor de-
mand. 1t is now greatly in excess of the
actual need even from this industrial
point of view.
1t is worth while to note that most of
the other sugaT-planters so far as they
have been heard from are in favor of an
nexation and are quite willing to take ali
the chances of an increased price of labor.
They do not think that their private inter
ests should have any influence in deciding
the question.
If Hawaii were brought under the Tag
of this country the sugar-planters would
be upon the same footing as those of
Louisiana. All the industries Of Hawaii
would take their chances with every other
part of the country. They fully under
stand that the importation of contract
labor will never again be tolerated ia the
United States.
The chief significance of a protectorate
would be as first step or the way to an
nexation. From that time HAWAII would
be candidate for a closer relation. The
second step anticipated would be Terri
torial Government, and the last statehood.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
A Double Afflictiou.

An inquest will be held this morning on
the body of Cesar Clerc de Landresse, who
was drowned in the bay off Hyde street
Sunday afternoon. Attorney Osgood Put
nam. who pulled him out Of the water, be-
lieves that the mans death was due to ex-
hauStiOn. Deputy Coroner Carew yester-
day aScertained that the three o her men
who were in the boat when it capsized and
were rescued were Henry Hagedorn.
William Bernard and John Laughlin.
Landresse'S widow met with q double
stfilction Sunday. She not only lost her
husband by drowning, but their 1S-month-
old daughter ThereSe died that evening.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
BAFFLED BY BULLETS.
How Brakeman Could Not Prevent
Collision.


The Southern Pacific officials suppressed
the cause of the recent rear-end collision
at Vallejo Junction, between sections
aud 2 Of the overland train, and for rea-
sons best known to themselves gave no
information concerning a fight between
officers and tramps. An eyewitness YES
teTday told a CALL man of the occur
renee, which for few moments was
lively enough and lacked bloodshed only
through bad Workmanship coupled with
excitement among the participants on both
sides.
A gang of armed toughs. half brigands,
half tramps. consisting of three white
men and three negroes, had beer robbng
freightcars at Vallejo junction, and a
party of five Southern Pacific detectives
were sent up to arrest them. They came
upon the gang just as the first section of
the train came along and stopped The
tramps started TO run, three in one direc-
tion and three taking the opposite course.
toward the tunnel. The officers fred
upon the first squad, and the tramps re-
turned the fire. no less than thirty shots
! being exchanged. The other three
reached the mouth OF the tunnel.
When the first section of the train
TO well-known orders, started back with a
flag to stop section . The tramps IN the
tunnel. mistaking him for a peace officer.
opened fire on him, and he was Obliged to
retreat for his life. In this way, section q
not being warned. came laundering along
and smashed into tue rear end of the train
ahead of it.
The morning call., 1893-09-19

wealthy and owns town and country
houses lnnumerable, besides being men,
Der OF all the fashionable clubs.
Daniel Wilson, the disreputable son-in-
law of ex-President Grevy, l. one of the
members of the new French Chamber of
Deputies.
The last surviving pensioner of the War
OF 1872 on the records OF the Chicago agency
IS dead. He was Benjamin Churchill of
Gaies0urg, Ill, and was nearly 100 years
old.
Captain Adams. the newly-elected CON-
mander-n-chief Of the Grand Army of the
republic. is a welI-knOwn and popular
ngure in Boston, where he is every body S
friend.
Dr. j. Irving Manatt, who was elected
professor of Greek literature at Brown
University last year. returns this autumn
from ms four years residence in Athens
to begin his duties.
Lafe Pence, the free-coinage Congress
man from Colorado. was baptized Lafay-
elite, but. according t. his own account.
lne name was too long for little fellow
ana he dropped the extra syllaOles several
years ago.
While the Basque country continues in
a stale OF efervescence Don Carlos and his
Iamlly are enjoying a visit to Austria,
where they have been the guests of the
Arcnduke Charles Louis. heir-apparent Of
the Austrian throne.
Ihe eminent historian, Professor
Mommsen of the University of Berlin,
was Obliged to go to Italy 10 escape the
enthusiastic demonstrations of his friends
III Berlin on the tiftleth anniversary of his
receiving the doctors degree.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
READY FOR THE BASKET.
The Head of Weigher Chipman at the
Custom House

Chief Weigher W. E. Chipman has not
yet been superseded by a Democrat in the
Custom-house. but he soon will be.
Collector Wise told reporter of THE
CALL yesterday afternoon that he had de-
cided to APPOINT a. P. Rhodes, a son of
Caxton Rhodes and who was for while in
the office of Mr.. Wise'S brother. The Col
lector explained that he thought an office
as important as that should be filled by a
man In harmony with the administration.
He has nothing against Mr. Chipman.
For the position of wegher there were
three successful candidates at the exami-
nation-G. E. Riley, a. p. Rhodes and s..
b. Samuels-and if the civil service rules
were strictly adhered to Mr.. Riley would
seem TO be the proper man to appoint. He
is Democrat, too. But the appointment
of Mr.. Rhodes is due to the Collector S
personal preference based upon various
reasons. Mr.. Rhodes is an old friend of
Mr.. Chapman.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
" GREAT MEN REASON, SMALL
MEN FIGHT"

Thus spoke Colonel Henderson of Iowa
In his address TO the Army of the Tepnes-
see. 1t is what playwrights would call
good line, but the grave question arises if
it is true. Are there not questions which
comnel the greatest of men to buckle on
the sword? Is it not probable that such
questions will arise as long as man has as
much human nature in him as he hasnow?
About nineteen hundred years ago the God
man appeared preaching the gospel of
peace. Ifthere was any ore doctrine more
earnestly taught than another it was the
doctrine Of brotherly love. Certainly a
principle can never go before the world
The morning call., 1893-09-19
PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN NEW YORK.

There appears TO be more school chill
dren in New York than there is room for
Three schoolhouses are in course of erec-
tion and several more are being enlarged.
hut children are waiting ioI all. This
condition of the schools should he consid-
cred in connection with the fact that paro-
chial schools supported by private expense
relieve the public schools of some thou
sands Of children who have forfeited none
of their rights in the public schools by not
attending them. A New York journal
makes a free estimate Of The expense the
city would be subjected TO if the parOchial
pupils should apply for admission at the
public sch ools, and reaches the following
conclusion:
What is the lesson of all this? 1t is that
every cent appropriated for The schools should
be spent in providing the elementary inStruc-
tlon for which the demand is universal. Every
foot OF school room IN the ely should be given
I'D 10 II, and no morr money should be eX-
pended in higher education for the netit of
the few AT The cost Of tile deprivation of the
multitude. In other woIdS the expenditures of
the school fund should be governed by demo-
cratic and not aristocratlc principles.
The morning call., 1893-09-19
HE MUST ANSWER.
Executor Stanly and the Bowdoin
College Case.

Twice Lawyer Jonn a. Stanly has re-
fused TO answer questions put to him be-
fore Examiner Heaeock respecting the
payment of certain sum of money TO the
trustees of the Bowdoin College, in the
suit against the Merritt estate, and now he
has twice been ordered By Judge McKenna
of the United States Circuit Court to an
swer them. In each instance the cues
tions have been somewhat modified, how
ever.
1hese lnterrogations relate 10 the turn
ing over by Mr.. Sianly OF a sum snnnosad
To have reached the figure of $50 600 a wear
ago last Augusf. The Merritt estate is
valued at about S1,5O0.0O0, and the bulk of
1t was bequeathed by DIR. Samuel Merritt
to the Bowdoin College and a proposed
hospital In Oakland for well-to-do people.
About S214.OOO was to go to the individual
The morning call., 1893-09-19
SUBSCRIPTION RATES:

DAILY CALL dncluding sundays, s6 per year by
mail postpaid: Is cents per week. or 65 cents per
calendar month, through carriers. DAILY CALL
five COPIES three months. s6 %. SUNDAY CALL
81 10 per year postpaid SUNDAY CALL and
WEEKLY CALL. $3.50 per wear, postpaid WEEKLY
CALL. s1 per year, postpaid
THE CALL cannot return rejected manuscripts.
nor will the editor enter into cores pondence
kpectiug them
The morning call., 1893-09-19

heirs. and of the remainder four tbs
were to be devoted TO the college ana SIX
tenrhs to the hospital. The college Is
prosecuting an action against james T.
Nsrritt snd occasionally testimony is be-
ING taken in the examiners chamber.
The mater Of Mr. Stanly's declinaton
to answer the questions was argued before
,Jndge MrKenua yesterday afternoon,
Attorney Philborok representing MT. Mer-
ritt and Attorney Williams appearing lot
the college. Mr.. Stanly was ordered 10
answer. and week from tomorrow will
tell whether he will or not.