The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-07-09
THER0ADW MANY
CHEMyIJz. DRESDEN, M4GDEBURG,
NUREMBERG. MERLIN
Fiuit Trees I.iniue the Roads OF snxony-
v ment- or Cnst Stag tuSes-A King,
dom Wthout Fences Between flelds.


Pv m.nt- or Cn-t Stag Cuse--.A kips-
dom without Fences between fieids.
saxony. II we may credit the unqualified and
enthusiastic assertion OF Consul Merritt OF
, Chcmnitz. has without doubt tho finest sys-
tenn Of roads IN the world" The kingdom. as
IA we'll known. Is densoy populated. Tvs
centuries ago the Saxon roads woro built with
wood. like our American corduroy roads In
1871 q very progressive road law was enacted.
which. among othor provisions, recognized
the right ~ an owner to compensation whose
land was takcn to widen road provided
he had tn Eivo up more than 80 much rs
could lie seeded with two pccks OF Dres-
den measure Tho roads OF to-day have
rock suh-trurturc Of broken stone carefully
placed by hand on tho sinoothed and graded
rondbed. Tho rule IL 10 select stones OF nearly
equal size and place them tightly against each
Other. each with It's largest plain surface
downward to prevent ts working loosN
Small fragments ill the intervening spaces.
and are carefully wedgcd In and rammed
down. Then comes the supcrstrncture. OF small
broken stone. as neatly cuhical as possible.
ami from the sizc OF IL hens egg 10 that OF q
walnut depending on the material. The road
ia then sonkcd with water rolled, and finally
covered with gravel. which is nlso rolled. The
average OF general repairs In State roa Ia liz but
once In eleven or twelve years. on account OF the
continuous local repairs Great caro- IL taken
In scraplng or mud and removing dust from
those country roads.
But 1t Is tho trees on the roais OF SaSony
thnt most strike and please tho American.
They make long avenues. stretching for
miles. and are well selected and carefully
kept. In tho year 1890 the sum OF 150U2l
marks was obtalne from the fruit grown on
the State roads OF Saxony alone. and the In
come from trees on country roads was greater.
Tho objects In planting trees arc said to ho
primarily to mako the road more discerniblo
ut night and after snow drifts. and secondarl-
~. to afford plcn sure and comfort to way
farcrs. Hardy fruit trees are chosen. SO that
when in bloom the roads IRE pnrtlc-
ularly charming: but forest trees arc sub
stituted where fruit cannot easily 10 grown.
or whore, MS in very ponulous places.
or near villages. the fruit might be stolen and
perhaps damage also done to tho trees thereby.
When npplo trees are planted. varieties
having long stems and lofty tops" are chosen
by preference. Among timber trees. ash and
maple are fnvorites with will cherry Mt n dis.
lance from villages When OF her REASONS do not
chorry trees are put % 70 Yards apar and
sour cherry trees and nlums from tn - yards.
are from to 1 i feet vide, and 5 feet whom the
soil Is inferior the Gonth being to s feet.
Snr drS weo se t1ys soy or
similar substances:
To protect yonnS tree. agnns. rnos' ana has: IL
with thorns straw. Or reeds Wire should be used ios
n n a r. % the s''
g. s .. 2" With ss a 81 81 ,hs
blood COMPOST, clay. or similar Substance. stray
saainsi I'll. diving out Young tres' That are
peciAily exposed to the sun AM, wind
side trees. but Il is well repaid. One specinl
reason. 1t should be explained. why roadside
sw in n rs ha fn
the slis; Consul MeT5its snys broadly n thas
With the exception Of q few picketed ehclos-
ures there are no fenced grounds IN all Saxony.
VIDE 'n ws q Valleys IS TciIns h!s
iui plains are not dlsiigured by fences OF any
kind. The question naturally y, arises RI as to
ths M point ths rvsn an
Crossings the level are guarded b. descending bar
in n. from ana ~, nd
esiisd aossa H% ratir"sas po..iS,s md
sIs r by rs H.
I'm So On at ss %
abrupt emos.tnsn,s end.nxsi passenger. or ss.ms %
nscted Win heavy anglo IRON Boiled nrms Into place
iuEsh nsf as tnn @ Ssr or Sh Ssy
Sesp ts carry M shied On Re
nf Win IN tSs Sd aaaess ns
cases abstain from rd!ng side by side. When
riding in files gye thd distance S must oh
State roads heavily laden vehicles are REQUIRED
wagons having bolth eads or screws protruding
from the tire. or having tires with a rounded
ali. Drivers Of heavily loaded wagons, pnrsu-
ing track already well worn must drive n, en-
Of the road DlOyenR.
The city streets Of saxony are now paved
With beaten tt asphalt 20 c9n n Palmer
pectatIons.. In suburban streets: where there
amizine Is preferred. The paving stones used.
besides the beaten asphalt which comes from
stone. quartz. porphyry. syenife granite,
artificial stones from COPPER PERSIA slags. and small
general system Of rock substructura and SUI
perstructure as on country roads for maead-
P n sfsst TSr smna rsm p'f se tSs
with cast Stag STAG, cubes, measuring PIE yo.e.
causes little noise. and is easily kept clean.
Its . soS te Soos S ysEE Il seS
Sss !Ss 5s,tsS ~ ths atts Fl ;.;
Tor S. tie SAKE Hs q sr ppedosetians ' t .'
Tss %9Ga I'd a
placed by asphalt In 1887 oak blocks on a layer
Of concrete were tried. but cost too much Very
made with beech wood: The single blocks were
fastened with wire. tho usual mixture OF tar
In the cracks: but Il is too early yet to Judge Of
the durability OF this pavement. In Leipsio
ors but the cost does not difior much from
that Of Dresden. One exceptional pavement
OF Dutch tile from Meissen, on o layer OF ce-
ment. mortar. or concrete The street car
companies have to pay the city for cleaning
the pavement bet oen their rails.
Stottln imports her best paving stones from
Sweden, the granite being very solid and OF
wegian era mite. which is Of irregular grain. but
splits easily. Tho streets being paved with
heavy traffie. Every property, holder. says
Consul Kellogg. must have his sidewalks
swept every m morning. and In tho hot summer
they must be sprinkled several times day.
Nuremberg Is paved With stones o. the hsFd.
mntnrial for having, Mhile the contractors lay