The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-11-26
NOTES ON SCIENCE AND 1yDUsrRK

Some Of the cotton products now sent from
the French manufactures and known as
Turkey red" goods are acknowledged to
! rival In color and general quality the far
famed fabrics OF that name produced in the
Orient This lie due to the character Of few
special details or features in the general pro-
cess. Thus, preliminary TO all. an oil bath Is
prepared hS composed 81 100 gsllGns o. water tS5
Is handled until thoroughly imnregnated then
exceeding forty degrees q. For mordantinr. a
bath Of illuminate OF soda IL made. by .lissolv:
Ing eighty pounds sulphate OF alumina and
US, OF sofa IN from elk ,, TO eig9It tines
solution. and when ali is added the liquor Is
made to stand at " r. into this bath the oil
eight to ten times to lmprcgnate the fihro.
then allowed to steep In the bath oyer night
being next day Ttung out and dried at ten
tor Ueing dried is worked for fifteen minutes
IN a bath containing eight, to ten hounds OF
made with 200 gallons OF water. ten pounds Of
aizarine. and one-half pound Turkey red Oil
and the bath then slightly warmed, SO. as in
about an hour to reach iO' {. the hnth Is con;
kent at boil for an hour The goods are now
rinsed and dried at not over 40 {. steaming
then clearing in a bath Of soap and Turkey
red oil
French chemist Is reported to have proved
beyond question that osmium-a blush white
metal. with violet lustre, and obtained as a
residue from dissolved platinum ore-is the
most infusible OF metals. In his interesting ex-
periments In this line. the substance could
never be made to yield to the oxyhydrogen
flame, which makes platinum and iridium run
like water; and not only this. but It has been
subjected to the excessively high heat OF tho
electric arc, a temperature which has lately
iacture Of diamonds, aud under which fierce
heat tho rare metal ruthenlum. which used
to be deemed all but infusiule. readily mets
but osmium remains refractory. there being
apparent only the very fain traces OF fusion.
The conclusion is that osmium. on this account,
cannot be- prepared in sufficient quantity to
render 1t worry useful In tho arts. though its al.
10y with iridium. which deles the acids. Is OF
some value. being unexcelled for tipping gold
pens. and possessing as IL does tho character
OF being un9xidizaGle and non.magnetic. its
compass has been thought desirable.
method OF applying the cyanide Of potas-
stun process In extracting gold from ore has
for some time been practlsed successfully in
the African gold fields. and is notable alike for
its simplicity and results. A solution OF cya-
nldo of potassium is run into u vat containing
the ore. and is allowed thirty hours TO perco-
late through the mass into n rough filter be-
low. whence It is run through the boxes which
are led with Zinc shavings. 40 cut as to pre-
sent tue amount OF surface. lnlef-
ing at the bottom of the boxes the solution is
forced up through the shavings. and enters at
the SSos series sAo of NEXT Which
The gold. alter It Leaves the vat in
The The form form Of cyanide is preciHtated on
then is easily recoverable ny fusion in the
form Of fine metallic gold; the solution, being
Of oyanogen. BY allowing the orc TO remain
In the solution for thirty hours. IT is claimed
BILE. and that. by Increasing the lime and aGi-
tattng the ore. about ninety-eight per cont.
il is assorted that the Whole cost is less than
that invol ved in the preliminary operation OF
roasting In any OF the chlorination processes.
The desideratum, so long felt OF device
for instantly stopping an engine from any
point In building is now admirably realized
in the auxiliary cutoff contrived by j. II.
Tennyson Of this city. Primarily. the arrange
ment in this case as illustrated. presents a
longitudinal section through governordriv
ing gear. showing shifting form OF gear and
tho gear. practically in two sections. in It's
shifted position. bevelled gear at the lower
end OF the governor stem constitutes one sec
ton. and another hevelled gear on hub slid
ing on a guide rod In u casing. forms the other
section. there being on the huh clutch seevo
IN The arms OF fork Ghose sEenE %t lis 1--WE
end Is adapted TO engage with q bolt When.
therefore; the stem Of the fork Ia in engage
ment with the bolt. the governor gears will DO
in mesh, which is their normal position: u
ssIiral spring tends to draw tho shank Of
bolt: and to accelerate the movement Of
the fork when released from the bolt. a weight
shank near its lower end. AT the rear OF the
GasnE sb. II Which
curved trip arm. from which are suspended
weights capah le Of drawing the arm do inward
friction roller udapl cd to contact with tho
governor crank. carrying the shifting rod con-
nccted with the governor sleeve to draw down
"a r p,.r a. Ina a.
also carries N. usual rocking bar. to he oppo-
sito ends Of which the orlinary cut: OFT rods arc
stops. and when the cutoff rods ara shifted
10y the trip mechanism. ono Of the stops, will
touching the valve fingers, insurlnG a positive
cut-ol. simple. efficient. reliable.
The new and magnificent French refracting
telescope recently finished for Dr. Jansen at
Meudon is combined Photographic and
visual instrument. highly praised for the per-
lection OF the work in all its parts. the two
lenses having been made by the celebrated |
Henry Brothers OF the Paris Observatory and
the mounting by Gauthier OF Paris Some OF
the same tube. which is square and Of steel;
the visual objective is 81 centmetres. or nearly |
focal length, or O,gl inches. and the large OBJ |
Iectlye Is the guiding part OF the instrument |
s9sg I" m and Of sxtS e h
tons weight. Is moved by Gas engine Of |
hSrSg tSs SHn 'hg GRAFT
All the fine circles are read from the eye end |
by means OF electric lights, the electricity for
which is generated by an eight horse power |
engine half a mile distant.
No plan yet proposed for substituting jet !
boat propulsion. for the screw or paddle /
wheels seems likely to realize the efficiency
needed In such case. The chief reason as
signed for this is that tho power in boat or
ship Is not aTplie quite as on !
the locomotive; that is, the driving wheels OF !
an engine take hold OF a Fixed base and thrust |
against II. or seri0s OF such bases, all tho !
while. but the mechanical appliances used in ,
propellIng vessel at sea act upon an eN- |
tremely mobile mass, mething that tends to /
clip. and does to some extent slip away from
them. 1t is, in fact. only because the weight (
or inertia LIN 81 the portion immSdateiy in con-
offers some resistance that any Roadway (
is sAanrnt and thu lnrRRr Tho NunI.ru