The herald., 1893-07-16

IL was tno IanBuaReOI peOplo INF au-
vanced in civilization. It was aBsidu-
ously cultivated by learned men for sew
eral centuries; not only songs, but elab-
orate dramas and rituals we're composed
In it, and it iB still the language of ma
iority OF the people OF Peru."
Speaking OF the race at the present
gentle, most affectionate to their fami-
lies, with an intense love of home, but
at the same time they are most endur-
ing and brave"
Mr.. Lummis will have it ssthere is no
king, no throne, no dynasty, no royal
blood, nor anything else royal; ae for
the the Incas they were not kings, nor
even rulers, put tribe of Indians" and
insists on styling Atalhualpa war
captain, which he does throughout his
article with q wearlsome reiteration
very trying to the reader. He says !:
1.-THE most prominent official in such q
tribe of land pirates was naturally the
official who had charge OF the business
OF fighting, the war captain. He was
the commander in war, but in the other
branches OF government he was far from
the only or the highest man. And that
is simply what Huayna Capac and all
the other fabulous Inca kings were."
Mr.. Markham, speaking OF Huayna
Capac, the father of Atahualpa, says !:
His consolidated empire extended
from the River Ancasmaya, north OF
Quito, to the Maule, ia the south of
Chile"
But it is not necessary to 20 further
than Mr.. Lummis's own article for a
refutation of his claims. Note, for ex-
ample, his statement just referred to |:
"There was no king, no throne, no royal
blood, nor anything else royal" and
then read the following, again from his
own article: "Atahualpa entered town,
riding on golden chair, borne high on
the shoulders of his servants" And
later he etill further commits himself
when be refers to Atahuslpa as "the
cunning Indian, in his golden throne,
with golden ornaments and necklace
of emeralds." And further: "They
found the Indian surrounded by lux
ury which startled them." And again !:
"He did not know, as we know now,
what euperstitious reasons made the
Indians revere Atahualpa so, but he did
know that the influence existed"
Does not this look something like roy
atty? We have here all the appurte-
nances OF an imperial court, with that
divinity which doth hedge king" in
addition, and all this is admitted by Mr..
Lummis himself.
Again he says: "There was not, and
could not be, even a nation. Not only
can there be no king, nor anything re-
sembling king, but there is no such
thing as heredity-except as something
to be guarded against. The chief (and
there caunot be even one supreme chief
cannot hand down his authority to his
son, nor to anyone else."
And again he confHtes himself: {:
"Somewhat as Pizarro was to the
Spaniards, was their war captain to the
Peruvians-not only their military
head, but literally equal to "a host in
himself
He was all this to the Peruvians, not
to the Inca tribe alone. Is not this
something like being a supreme
chie;?"
Also "Here it was learned that
Chalicuchima, one OF Atahualpa's sub
ordinate war captains, was at Xauxa
with large force, and fernando de-
old a1a to szieit him u-----.-- --.s-s-zs,
chief! How can that be?
Though he states that ''there was no
such thing as heredity, except as some.
thing to be guarded against" he ad.
mits that Atahualpa succeeded his
father Ito what? if there was no eu-
preme chieD and that another one puts
in his claim to the succession.
He says the Incas "were not kings,
but tribe of Indians"
Yet one of these Incas, described by
him as merely the chief OF single
tribe, while prisoner in the hands of
the Spaniards. could by sending out
messengers, gather from all parts of the
country an enormous amount OF gold
and silver, described by Lummis as
a-'vast ransom-a treasure to which
there is no parallel in history. The ran.
som was not in coin or ingots, but in
plates, vessels, images and trinkets vary.
ing greatly in weight and in purity.
There were 1926, ,596 pesos de orc, com.
mercially worth, in those days, some
five times their weight-that is, about
SO ,632, ,695. Besides this vast sum oi
gold. there were 81 ,6l0 marks of silver,
equivalents, by the same standard, to
$1,l35, ,420 now,'
1a it belieysble that this great treas.
ure, the spoils of all the temples of
Peru, would have been voluntarily sent
by the various tribes (there could have
been no compulsion, since Atahualpa
was prisoner) to furnish ransom fol
one to whom they cwed no allegiance
and who is described by Lummis as ex-
listing by the robbery OF the very people
who stripped their temples for his bene.
fit? Would they not rather have
gladly siezed the opportunity OF eman.
cipating themselves from his yoke?
Surely no more is necessary to prove
that Mr.. Lummis' article contains in it.
eelf its own reputation.
But ev2n if the writer's untenable
claim were allowed, would it help his
case? Would it wash one stain from
the blood-besmirched memory of Pizarro
II 1T were proven that his victims were
dlsorganized tribes OF uncivilized In
dians?
Read further Mr.. Lummis' article and
judge.
After describing the entrance of the
invaders into Caxamarca, he says: ssThe
events OF the next day deserve special
attention, as they and their direct con-
sequences have been the basis of the
unjust charge that Pizarro was cruel
man. The real facts are his full iustifi-
cation"
What were these events that iusti-
fed Pizarro in committing the atrocious
crime of massacreing an innocent peo-
Pile? Simply none at all (and am TAX
ing Mr.. Lummis' own account) If we
except the bald statement that Ata-
hualpa had in the night "thrown a
large force between them and the pass