Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1893-09-01

pany is $685. nautical miles. In the exhibit
here the whole process of transmitting
messages between Europe and America is
shown. An artificial cable with all the prop
critics OF the real Atlantic cable is employed ;
signals sent through It and received by the
recording instruments are OF the same shape
and occupy the same time in sending from
one side OF the pavilion TO the otheras from
one side OF the Atlantic to the other.
Visitors are permitted to send souvenir de-
spatches through this artificial cable. and by
watching their course through transmission
and reception, obtain a correct idea OF the
whole operation. Many people suppose that
cablegrams are received by means OF flashes
OF light, but il seems that that system is prac-
tieally abandoned. The messages are recorded
on a paper ribbon with n fine glass siphon no
thicker than hair the ribbon moves at tho
rate OF about forty inches per minute and tho
siphon leaves an inky trail clear and legible
to the operator. but to the ordinary specta-
tor II resembles the outline OF mountain
chain in which there are no two peaks alike.
With these recorders speed of $50 to 800
letters per minute may be maintained
Automatic senders are also used. The mes.
sage is transcribed upon paper ribbon by
means OF indentations then the ribbon Is run
through the automatic sender by this means
light speed and uniformity arc attained.
Some OF the instruments for detecting breaks
and injuries to the cable are extremely in
teresting. For example. n machine has been
devised for registering the amount OF resis-
lance the current meets with in passing
through the cable. This resistance is divided
into units called ohms, and the number OF
ohms per nautical mile for any given cable
is readily deduce1 from ths total re-
sistance and total mileage. II the insula-
ton OF the cable Is torn off by dragging
anchors, contact with the bottom. or the like,
the current mt that place ceases TO have re-
sistance, and by dividingt the resistance which
remains by the number OF ohms per mile the
exact place Of injury is known. Some in
stances OF extraordinary speed in cabling are
recorded. One case is mentioned in which
instructions Were sent to London brokers.
the business done, and answer received, all
within six minutes. In another case mes
sage was sent to London and an answer OBJ
tanned in forty-lve seconds. This, as maybe
conjectured. is the fastest time on recori.
In all quarters OF the Electricity Building
are new and astonishing uses TO which the
suble fluid is pat, sometimes when only the
slightest force is desired. at others when a
mighty an l irresistible power is applied.
There are splendid exhibits showing the APP
plcation OF electricity to mining.
Leaving TINS building, one watches the eiec-
trio trains glide along the intramural road,
or the electric launches dart silent and smoke
less about the beautiful lagoons turning
city-wards. he ssss Chicago covered by the
lowering impenetratle pail OF smoke belched
from myriad chimney-, and wonders when
the equivalent Of light and heat will be gen
Grated at the big coal fields and waterfalls
AMI sent broadcast throughout the land
when cleanliness and quiet shall prevail.