davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
Early Names OF Animals.

Amonn tbo monv nomoS for cattle none
arc coromnncr than those which comr
from Tho rnotg Mn md B,. s.tY below"
Itnrcn ,va b,vnthr Akkalian nn s.huU''.
tho Tnrkic en- ok "cow", the Eryptjan
on Nco+tlo " AMI tbn NnnrnI bukr
..l,,1Ir. I,,t = moro d;stinctiyc word j..
Tor nh;ch cnam m moan rrn1ahIv
t.bornc1 y onI which annoars mot onIg
90 Ta,rrs bn+ os thc SrI,itic Thor and
tho Non%o, Cbor Thr I,nIl whether
tomcd W. r;1d wa no doubt wrl known
70 cor,y man Tho names for uoat are
aIso o,,Hroatiro nf connnctio, and i'm
cIn1r ~ trr9o oiy +hn Semitic ~ and
nrnLohlv NO. AtEoIian W. Fnr sheen
nnrhons ,hn nlGn.t v.or1 - tho Err,titn
In. Inf thcrr !. . ,yurl f.. I,r,L7 which
seems to hr. w;1rIv li.tr;h1.rI 80 the
Semitic k0r thr = ~rrk krr orI Nh,
Fjnnic kari. prolaH y from the root kar
10 enclose" or ..o,iard" - mc9njun
herdod flock FROM IKE same root com.
words for na.tnr, NO Ia,Ih1 allied
Tho ass i. pcncralIy elpn.-rJ 10 hear
the same name in all families n .prrrh
In Akkadjan its sound j. doubtful hut
in Turkic spocch it i. as a,-Dk. with IT.,
noun epdinr in ck.y while in Ervptian it
is su. The Aryau a~jnus has been coln
narcd with the Semitic athon, for .'as."
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
HOW PEOPLE USED TO LIVE.
Wages and the Cost Of Living in This
Country 100 Years Ago.

tt" Department Of Agriculture is obout
to publish ar interesting report, compar-
ing the cost of living early in this cen
fury with what it is now. 1t exhibits
wildly the contrasts between the poverty
Of primitive agriculture and the progress
in civilization and wealth resulting from
high development Of all the possibilities
of land and labor in rural and industrial
arts and industries. The small wages
paid in those days are as surprising as the
low prices of commodities Of all sorts.
Game was abundant early In the cen
fury and therefore cheap. Nenison cost
3 1-S cents q pound. Bear meat WIS very,
slightly higher. Pigeons were in cXtraor-
binary abundance, selling at a little
more than q cent apiece. Elderly read
ers will remember the flights of tlocks Of
pigeons which darkencd the skies even
as late as fifty years ago. Shad were
very cheap, costing only 4 cents each.
Owing to the plentiful supply Of
game tanned skins were low in price. A
deer skin fetched about s1.17, while a
bear skin was worth from 81 to So. Milk
sold for 2 cents a quart and butter for 10
cents a pound. Apples from II 10 to %
cents a bushel, but by 1923 they had
reached so cents.
Farm wages were only about one-third
of what they arc now, ranging from 33
cents to so cents q day. From 81 10 s.
a month was the usual compensation Of
well-grovn lads. One hundred years
ago the remuneration of a boy for do
ing ''chores,' such as cutting wood ana
foddering horses, for one year, was or
dinarilv s.. The use of a pair Of oxen
for a day cost Is cents, while the use Of
a COW for one year cost So. 1t cost 60
cents to make q pair of shoes. The price
of a pair Of moccasins was p cents.
Board was only 81 a week.
That was the day of individual and
isolated effort, antcdating the era OF az
gregation in factories, classification and
division of labor and invention Of labor
saving processes and appliances. Prices
of farm products t1uctuatcd greatly, ac-
cording to local scarcity, which could
not be mitigated by distribution from
the regions Of plenty. If there were big
crops they could not be sold; if partial
failures there was nothing to sell. Every
locality, in its industries and products.
existed for and by itself, having no re-
lation with other communities; therefore
the surplus production of each farm was
small, the induccment to produce being
warning, and there was very little money
to produce anything more than the bare
necessarics. The industrious family had
an abundance of everything it could
grow, such clothing as the loom
Of the household could produce,
such furniture as could be made on the
place or in the neighborhood, and little
lsc.- Washington star.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
WHAT GREAT GRANDMOTHER
DID,

Now, my little daughter standing
By my chair, is oft demanding,
"Tell me, mother. what your grandmother
used to do.
Dill she have much time for reading,
Pauses needing,
And succeeding,
Well with music, draw and paint on china,
too?'
'No, my dar ing! Grandml never
Had the / me for such endeavor,
F,r she worked from morn until the setting
sun,
She would call the cows so early,
'Daisyl Curl"y'
d MT be surly,'
And the milking then would speedily be
''sho would strain t c milk and churnit;
Make a chez, and deity turn i;
Make soft soap and brew the incest currant
wine,
Dip the candles, nightly glowing,
Little knowing,
anu DS6boNllR
Scarce q thought on what as futur; light
would shine.
"Card and spin the wool nor leave it,
Till she into cloth would weave t.
And she raised her fax, and woye her linen
inn.
In a quilting she delighted,
All invited,
Non were sighted;
Or a pAring and a husking bee combine.
"She raised geese and plucked each feather,
Cut cloth and sewed together
Every strip, to make a homemade carpet
gay;
And she knitted every stocking,
Meanwhile rocking,
Oh, twas shocking,
All the work that woman went through in a
day."
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

fallen upon her hand, when a gentle tar
upon the door made her start, halt
alarmed, from her chair. Who could il
be, so late in The evening? Had Miss
Niles decided to come after all? Pos
sibly she had changed her mind at tho
last moment.
Nan, with a radiant face, flew to the
door and opened it wide. Az first she
saw no one, and coming close to the
step, pcercd eagerly out into the dark
NESS. Then suddenly a great wave OF
color swept over face and neck, and she
started back with a little gasp of sur
prise. "Mr. Raymond!' she cried.
Her amazement evidently amused that
young man, for he laughed gayly.
Yes" he answered, II have com up
for Christmas, although you did not in
vite me. Can I come in2" for Nan still
staring 1T him wonderingly, made no
move to allow him to enter.
eyes, she said without any apparent
shame at her inhospitality, ''but you
won't want to stay-didn't you know?'
She looked so very solemn that Ray
mond dropped his bioyaht manner, and
grew serious at once. "know what?' he
asked, ~anxiously wondering what catas-
trophe had happened.
"Why, that she is not coming after
all. | got the letter yesterday. What a
pity you should come so far to be disap-
pointed; and yet it is strange she did
not tell you" And Mans face grew
longer. She knew how provoked he
would be.
But Mr.. Raymond still looked ex-
tremeIy mystitied. II do not under
stand" he said. II did not think or
expect that anyone was coming but my
self. Why should | be disappointcd''
"Why" cried Nan, aghast. "Wercn't
you coming with Miss Niles, or didn't
you expect to meet her here? She said
that is, | thought was quite sure that
you were-~" but here poor Nan grew
all at once very red and confused. A
sudden amused look in ; "r visitors face
made her think that p,~sibly she had
been mistaken, after al, in her surmises.
What if there was nothing between
these two but a commonplace friendship.
Oh, how foolishly she had acted-like a
country girl, indeed. And if he had not
come to see Miss Niles, why had he Gomez
Mans heavy lashcs dropped upon her
cheek to conceal her sudden conscious
ness. But her guest only laughed at her
tell-tale, dOwncast face.
What was it you thought" he asked
mischievously; but Nan only pouted and
would not answer. She did not like to
be laughed at.
"WelI, never mind" he said at length,
drawing her gently into the tirelit room,
where a moment before she had sat SO
disconsolately; ''but now do you know
what thought"
And Nan whispered NO." although
in her heart there was asuddcn conscious
loss that she did know we'll enough.
II thought that you loved me-" he
said roguishly; 'why else should l be
here in spite of your ice and snow?'
And although Nan tried to be very an
CRY with this conceited person for having
been so sure of a fact which she would
never admit herself, she could not, some
how. ling a truthful girl, deny that he
right Portland Transcript.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
RELIABLE RECIPES.

OYSTER SAUCEFO FoWLS.-Plump the
oysters for a moment OF two over the fire.
then take them out and thick I the
liquor with flour anu a good lump OF
butter and season with salt and pepper
to taste; when it boils put in a spoon
full of good cream, add the oysters and
shake over the fire until hot, but don't
let them boil or they will become hard
and sm"ll. Instead of cream a glass of
wine may be added to the sauce if pre-
fcrred.
OYSTER SAUCE FoR FIsH.-Scald a
pint of oysters and strain them through a
sieve. then wash in cold water and
take off their boards. Put them in a
stew pan and pour the liquor over them,
then add a large spoonful of anchovy
liquor, half a lemon, two blades of mace,
and thicken it with butter rolled in -four.
Put in half a pound of butter and boil it
until the butter is melted, her take out
the mace and lemon and squeeze the
lemon juice into the sauce. Boil it,
stirring all the time, and serve it in a
sauce boat.
BEEFsTEAK SMoTHERED IN. ONIONS
Fry brown four slices of salt pork; when
brown take out the pork and put in six
onions sliced thin, fry about ten minutes,
stirring all the time; then take out all
except a thin layer, and upon this lay a
slice of steak, then a layer of onions,
then a layer of steak, and cover thick
with onions; dredge each layer with
pepper, salt, and flour; pour over this
one cupful of boiling water, cover tight
ly; simmer half an hour; when you dish,
place the steak in the centre of the dish
and heap onions around it; serve the
same vegetables as for brQilea steak.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
Lessons From Old and New Maps.

Old teachers are sometimes quite as
impressive and instructive as the new
ones. Gray hairs covering a sound
brain, that has not forgotten how to
work along healthy lines. should always
secure 4 respectful and receptive attcn-
ton from those willing to learn useful
! lessons. Sometimes they do: quite as
often they do not.
One would scarcely expect tngct much
Suggestive and valuable information
from an old School-AtIas. Whatever it
might have been ia its fresh, bright
youth, its days of usefulness are supposed
to have passed with its youth, after
| which it was consigned to the crate or
the garnet. The latter is where recently
We found one Of these teachers that had
been consigned to dust and cobwrhs and
to a supposed oblivion nearly forty years
ago, under Il conviction that its DAYS of
usefulness were over. But they were not
over. They will never be over 50 long
as the Atlas-teache has bodily form
If any one doubts that this little
world of ours is swinging on cont ally
to a brighter destiny, let him give special
study for an hour to our Western Hcmis-
phere, and especially to our part of it,
and to the African continent, as the con.
ditions, civil and religious, of the two
at that time are illustrated by the Atlas
OF forty years ago. Then We knew little
OF our W country-in fact we had not
any, except III nalnc beyond the western
boundary line of Missouri and Arkansas
projected north and south. Then we had
a large number of slave holding States.
Then the country now occupied by the
States of Dakota North and South),
Nebraska and Kansas was designated as
1.-The Great American Desert and was
considered worthless, and the 'howliny
wllderness' extended to the Rocky
Mountains. What we have there now
We all know. The march of civil and
religious institutions from the Mississippi
to the Pacific has been sure; the changes
1t has wrought are wonderful, although
we think little of them in our busy lives.
Forty years ago very little was known
of Africa inside its coast lines beyond
the fact that it furnished an iuexhaus-
tible supply of negrocs-mcn, women |
and children-to be captured, trans
ported and sold as slaves. To furnish |
these for Turks and Arabs, to say moth
of some Christian nations, was SUP /
posed to be its only mission. The igno- |
rance about Africa a generation ago is |
Ivy the map-makers of that
period in what were supposed to be the
real courses of the Congo and the Nicer,
The advance of the Dark Continent dur
ng the last forty years is illustrated by
maps of to-day. Yes; the world has
moved very rapidly during all these
iears-andin healthy directions.-[N. Y.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
Use Electricity Exclusively.

There is a shop in New York city $50
feet long and ffty-fve feet wide, where
all the machines are driven by electric
motors. The tools are all large, and in
clude a t~ifteen-foot boring mill, a ten
foot planer, two eighteen-inch s%lottiug
machines, a sevcnty-two inch lathe and
a number of portable drills. The current
for the motors is supplied by two forty
horse power dynamos driven by belts
from a 100 horsepower vertical engine.
The majority of the motors arc Of ten
horse power, but there is &c of five
horsepower on a horizontal drill and
several of y horsepower on the portable
drill. The current for each motor
can be regulated by q resistance coil 50
that the motor will pick up its load
gradually, increasing its power as
the load is increased. The p~lancrs Re
quired special attention on account Of
the rcciprocatiug motion If the btd.
Thes" planners return about three times
as fast as the cutting stroke, and it was
soon found that at each reverse the
power required ran from IS to 10 horse
power, the momentum Of the armature
alone not being sufficient to carry it over
without noticeably reducing the speed of
the motor. Accordingly 4 Ay-whcel was
placed on the motor shaft to store I'D
energy like the fv-whcel Of a steam
and give it ont when the reverse
takes place. The machines are all start
ed by means Of a switch placed handy to
the machiuist, and nc current is used cx-
BY the tools actually running. The
shop has only been in operation a few
weeks, butt this time ii isrrported that
the system has shown an econom of
per cent. over shafting. Boston
Transcript.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

Says the Lewiston (NIe.) Journal: 4
warrant against u man hollis good no
matter whether it has his name right Or
not. This is one Of the teci,nicalities
which don't count in legal warfare.
Sometimes a warrant is issued when the
respondents name is unkno Was in
the case of u tramp, for instaacc-and a
name is made up for him by which he
Is sent to Jail. A Biddeford lawyer tired
to rescue his client from the CLUTCHES of
the law on the grounl that the warrant
described him as "Red' Dunn, insteal
of by his real namo of J,hn. Witnesses
declared thai the fellow was better
known by his nickname, AMI the court
held him.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

Nanssenr,iii to the New York Times
sell up in the Polar Sea with provisions
Tor tive years and seeing where the drift
OF the arctic ice carries him attracts the
British Imagination as peculiarly heroic.
England has left arctic exploration 50
long to Americans and Sc tadinavians
that there is nobody there nov whose
opinions on the subject curry much
weight, but general feeling is that
Nanssen will never return,
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

So scarce have whales become in
Northern seas that English ships for
merly engaged in this business are to be
transferred to like service in the AM
arctic Ocean. 1t is not known whether
whales there are very numerous. The
fogs, iccbergs aud unknown currents of
these Southern seas MAKE then q terror
to ~navigators, much as was the Atlantic
to Columbus and those of his time. The
whale is now hunted for its bone, not
for its oil. The most valuable whale for
bone is the right whale, while the
sperm whale is best for oil. The price
of whalebone has gone UP to six or
seven cents a pound and even higher in
England. The hardy New England
fishermen now nave better luck in find
ing and capturing whale than have their
English competitors. 1t Is quite posi-
BILE, suggests the American Cultivator,
were there not a retreat for the whale to
polar seas never or seldom visited BY
man, that the whale would become cx-
tinet by the modern appliances for his
destruction
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
AROUND THE HOUSE,

Use sal-soda to clean jugs and pitchers.
A little milk added to the dishwater
is better to use than soap in cleansing
china.
Glass in oven doors, which enables
cooks to watch the food without open.
ing the door, is a late continuance.
In carrying a lighted match it is much
less likely to 60 out if it is carried with
the lighted end away from the person.
New earthenware should be soaked for
tw~enty-four hours in cold water before
using, as it will then be less liable to
crack.
When there is danger of frost.in the
cellar during cold weather, carry down
several pailfuls of hot water and sprinkle
the contents all over the floor. Even if
this should form into ice there will be
less danger of freezing fruit and vegeta-
bles, for water in freezing takes the frost
of the air.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
TObogganing III Canada.

~ I--1.:.- =,
"A queer looking con'rlVanco, with a
snuD nose ana almost as HAT as You are,
IS placed IN position: 1t IS a tobogSan
ana 1t hath a devil In obed1@ncc to
dlrectlons you squat loWn on its long,
nat cushion ana tuck III your feet.
o,herS get on behind; " voice eNclaIms,
HOLD on tght, amt you arc q dead
man: You 1--WE one mighty convulsive
gasp ana confra'tlon OF the muscles, like
a man shocked ny electricity; some evil
'1IId'd brute mt you over the head with
a ci'lh ana InAIr YOU see m'yrlAds Of stars
ana you lei! OF the TOOL toboGgan and
are Nhlzzlng down from that dizzy
hclgnt.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

The New York Post announces that
Boston is to be added to the list OF
large cities having a college settlement.
Nine young women students from We'll
lesley and Bryn Mawr will soon take
possession of a house on Tyler street
that is being put in order for them, and
carry On the heroic and beautiful work
that has been productive of so much
good in Europe and in this Country.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
Sense of Direction,

P. z. Allis, a wealthy American gen,
tlcman at present living near Dicppe.
France. is d~evoting much time and
money to the investigation of a sixth
sense-of direction-with which he be
licvcs the tinny tribes are endowed. He
is trying to establish a new classification
of fish. Instead of the species being ar
ranged ac> ording to their outward form,
Mr.. AlIis would classify them according
to the differences in the nerve arrange
ment of their eyes,--LSan Francisco
Chronicle.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
4 g SullIy' Tea Set.

The English have what they cal! a
"sulkv" tea set, which is Simply & very
small accompanying cup and saucer i'll
tended for use when a sip Of tea is re
quired. A ''sulky' cover is a circle of
linen embroidered in some pretty design,
that of the service; if possible. the edge
finished with sctIiops. IN intcrIining
pad Of heavy cotton flannel, bound with
ribbon. is lightly tackled to the mat, 50
that it may be removed for la%undryin9
purposes, and the whole is thrown over
the service in carrying it through the
house to the bedside of the invalid or
''suiky7 loungcr, who may not or will
not drink tea en- tete-a-tete.-LNew York
MeNA
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
The new Russian Minister nj Fineroa

The new Russian Minister of Finance.
sergius Witte, was, when a young man,
a clerk in the freight department OF a
railway in Southwestern Russia. His
zeal and energy brought him into notice
so rapidly that be was soon made a direc.
tor in the railway. Business duties
brought him into relation with Vischne-
gradski, who was attracted by him aud
introduced him into political Office.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

The new Mormon temple at Salt Lake
City will be opened April 6, 1893. It
has been in course Of erection for forty
years, has cost 2 $500, 900, and will be
without doubt, observed the St. Louis
Republic. "the biggest architectural
nightmare in the country
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

The estimated wealth of the United
States, that is the value Of all lands,
buildings, railways, etc., is put
at $64. 900, 600, 900. The amount of
money of all kinds is estimated by the
Secretary of the Treasury to be So, 1Os,-
100 O92.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

Tt has been said in explanation of the
colors of the United States flag that "red
is supposed to represent courage, white
integrity of purpose and blue steadfast-
ness, love aud faith"
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

The North and South American Rail-
road, which once seemed so visionary,
is getting along very we'll now, states
the New York World, thanks to the
energy and public spirit of President
DiaZ, OF Mexico.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

Professor Virchow, of Berlin Univer-
sity, thinks the time has arrived in edu-
cational instruction when "the dead
languages should no longer take the
prominent place they formerly &C.
n,p,o1 ~
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
Calling for Helm

Homestead appeals TO the country
to succor lite starving. Nearly 1,0oe
persons embraced in 21s families. ara
destitute. They are all victims Of the
great and stubbornly fought strike
just ended.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

Nineteen babies in New York CITY
were named after Columbus during the
week following the celebration. So says
an authority,
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

The Canadian Government is to follow
our example in making the postal cards
of various sizes.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
St. Landry Democrat.
BY L. A. SANDOZ.
Opeiousas, - Louisiana.

The total value of the property Of tho
Methodist Episcopal Church is 500, 0GO,.
00n
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11

Henry Neill, of New Orleans, an
authority on cotton, estimates the crop
of 1892 at z, 100, 900 bales.
St. Landry democrat., 1893-02-11
HE WOULD LIVE WELL.

What would you do if you were as rich
as the Vanderbilts7'
std have pie with every meal"
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-02-23
MILLELAcs LAKE RlPPLEs,

LAWRENCE, MIMI, Feb. 20, 1898.
F. W. Hawkinson made a trip to
Mora last Friday, returning Sunday.
E. r.. Sargent made a trip to the east
side of lake Saturday to purchase fresh
meat.
Would it not be we'll to offer a prize
to the one that shows better points at
the debating clubs. -. 49,
Next question under debate will be
(Which Dance Takes the Price,
Last week it was s'Pension or no Pen
sion"
Quite a. severe snow storm Sunday
and some of the boys will not venture
too far from road for some time and
do not get too heated for lake water
makes person shalxy at times. -
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-02-23

Rich's Condition Powders have been
proven to be superior to all others for
the various diseases peculiar to horses
and cattle. A test will convince you.
MID. only by G. A. Jack.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-02-23
Teachers Examination.

The spring examinations for teach
ers will be held at the North Star
Hotel, in Princeton, on the following
dates: March 18th and 9th, 10th and
18th, 14th and 18TH All in 4need of
certificates, please take special notice
as there will be no private examina
tions held, only in cases where it is an
absolute necessity on account of illness,
or some other unavoidable reason.
Very Truly,
OLIVE r. BARKER,
County Superintendent.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-02-23

To our customers and fellow citizens
of Mile Laos Lake, please take notice
that we are selling flour and all kinds
Of groceries, at the lowest possible
figures. Call and see for yourselves
and. be satisfied. We quote flour, Best
Patent, $3.50 per 100 lbs, Straight,
S2.65 per 100 lbs, and all other goods
in proportion. .s
HAWKINSON & MATTSON.
Isle Harbor, Feb. Sth, 1898.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-02-23

In run up over the road Saturday,
we obtained a brief view of good
supply of logs in the mill yard, at
Longs Siding. The mill was running
and everything seemed to be on the
hustle, even to VIM. Burke who was
pegging around as in former days.
Soule's mill was we'll supplied with
logs, and several cars on the side track
evinced considerable stir there this
winter ..s-