Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1893-06-15
FARM AND GARDEN.
The Dairy Benefited by the
Application of Science.
KEEP ANIMALS FREE OF WORRY.
Breed and Feed for Practical Use
Rather Than for Show
Short Pointers.

The farmer who keeps good dairy has
a more constant source OF income than
one engaged in almost any other branch
OF farming.
The trouble with a very large amount
OF dairy butter is a lack OF skill and svs-
tenn in its manufacture; hence the quail
ity is often variable.
A COW is a good COW simply because
she has an increased capacity for turning
raw material into the kind of product
the dairyman wants.
Breed and feed for practical use rather
than for show. The time will come when
practical points will be more appreciated
than mere show points.
Have plows, harrows and all tools
ready for use-a little paint will not hurt
some OF them when you have the bolts
all in and nuts tightened.
The quality OF milk that a COW can
! produce depends upon her breed and in
| dividuality, and in this sense there is
more in the breed than feed.
Try and keep the brightest of the bows
on the farm. 1t will afford plenty of ex-
ercise for his brains and for all the
knowledge that he can accumulate.
One OF the principal advantages that
the creamery has over the dairy is that
as soon as the milk or cream reaches the
creamery it is in the hands of skilled
workmen.
Results are the products of causes. If
you see better stock in your neighbor's
fields than are in your own, you may be
pretty sure that he is a more careful
breeder and feeder.
Dairying is by the demands of the
market divided into three branches
milk, butter and cheese-and in buying
COWS you must get the right kind OF a
cow for your business.
At present relative prices wheat is per-
, haps cheaper food Tor stock than oats
: or corn. Test it, and if you find this
= true, do not let a mere matter OF senti-
ment stand in the way OF feeding it.
"Quick turns" in cattle-growing mean
large profits :" at least, larger than can
be had in any other way. Don't keep
on feeding pig or a steer until there is
danger that it will die from old age.
Do you appreciate the value of wheat
bran for feeding young stock? At pres
ent prices we doubt ii there is ANYTHING
that can be used to better advantage to
supplement the pastures and make rapid
growth.
, Keep all animals free from worry if
; you want them to thrive. The horse in
r order to work well the COW that she
r may give much milk; the hog and the
steer, ii you expect to fatten them
Cheaply.
!, There has been no branch OF agricult-
ure more directly benefited BY the appli-
cation NJ cninpna l..
sequently there is no branch that gives
I a better reward to the intelligent and
, studious farmer.
, There are number OF things about
the dairy that we see termed I" first es-
sentlals." You all know the list. But
IN our opinion the one essential is a good
; dairyman. Given that, and ali else fol-
lows in due course.
The interest manifested in dairy
schools wherever they have been held is
a reason why increased effort should be
made to afford instruction in this line.
Better dairy products will result and a
better income from the farm.
A prime article of milk is necessary as
a preliminary to the manufacture of good
butter. To secure this there must be
good cows, good feed and good care.
1 Don't imagine that you can neglect one
OF these things and have complete sue
cess.
. There are seventy-eight butter and
cheese factories in New Zealand. Farm
ers receive about cents gallon for
milk, and the butter is forwarded to En-
gland. The freight charge for the entire
distance OF 1900 miles is about 8 cents
pound.
RAISING CALVES BY HAND.
Getting calves well started and taught
: to drink is an important point. There
Is difference of opinion as to the method
OF procedure. Ii taken away from the
, COW at once, they are more easily taught
TO drink, and COWS are probably less dis
turbed than when they are allowed to
suck tor few or several days before
ieedlng by hand is begun, for they are
, then much stronger and are less inclined
to take kindly to feeding from the pail.
Calves need the colostrum or first milk
to put their digestive system in good
condition, as 1t acts as a phvsic and
cleans the fetal matter from the intes-
tines. 1t should always be given to
calves fed by hand. Young cows with
their first calf often fret badly, and
hold " their milk when the cali is
taken away after having been allowed to
suck Tor time. Removing them at once
is open to this objection. They must be
fed often for few days. This takes
time, at a season when it cannot be well
spared from other work, while if thev
are allowed to run with the COW thev re-
quire little attention until taken away,
when they can wait halliday intervals
and be fed moons and "chore times"
Warm their milk to blood heat until
they are two to four months old, and it
is better ii it is warmed for the large
ones also. Put some linseed meal or
llnseed-meal Cruel, made bv boiling or
sleeping 1t in water, into their milk to
make up for the cream which has been
SKINNED off. Later little wheat bran
can be added, and when thev are good
sized calves some cornmeal in addition
VIII prove beneficial. Increase the GUAM
tlty OF grain added as they grow larger.
Provide good pasture Of clover or mixed
grasses for them, and do not pasture it
too closely. When they are old enough
to wean they can be gradually changed
to a grain ration, and their growth will
not be checked. Calves raised by hand
can be made to do as well as those al
lowed with the COW, but it requires much
work, careful attention and regular feed.
ing TO accomplish it.