The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-12-14

In all mattars ~. ~ VIC WOrlQS progress
war. 0''"''iing TO the art Of
contaips nG psPGft tp of the Attorney { Genera,
ffoncalns foirCs the usual summary 0f uImensi thn
i"lls and p1 p1oceedings of ~ o' Ine al
naeh ,,aehC OF Justice for the mast VOC nepatC-
Setller with certain recon- maze, yoHi, to-
i. nSto needed legislation on varioua tloIs a,',
teCls' cannot too heartilv eMd SUI
o,rT lritoPpSlIlHn that the fee system se so
tdd tpp'tt"ole t," 70 the compensation ot III;
oF ~ LI ;oInIr9 Attorneys, Marshals C,erLs
~ neueral Courts and United Statos
,U,tt, Uv'titii"S;o.ieFS should be abolisheS
clearly in the interest or the cnr, ,r nsA
ty that the business of the Conrts ha.t
civil and criminal. shall he 40 -, snei noIm
ana as lneXpensively transacted 90 t, thn
enos OF Justice will allow. The svsteno
ls' inerelore, thoroughly vicious which
n"keS the compensation Of Court of.
ucltlS depend upon the volume of sunb
t uuoln neSS' ana thus creates a conflict be-
WEI proper execution Of the law
anu private gain, which cannot fail to
10 dangerous to the rights and frao'
dom or the citizens and an irresistihio
temptation to the uniustiliahle eynan
diture Of public funds. If in aSSittinn
TO this reform another was inauonrotod
Whlch would give the United States
commissioners the final disposition If
peCCy oHenSe5 within the grade of mia.
demeanor5, especially those COMING IN.
d9r the internal revenue laws, great
advance would be made toward a mora
recent administration Of a criminal
law. 'l'"'
In my first message to Congress, da.
tea December 8, 1855, strongly recon.
nenuen CneSe changes and refer, ed
somewhat at length to the evils of the
precent system. Since that time the
criminal business 1t the Federal Courts
and the tXHaIS attending it have
enormously lncrt: =. The number of
criminal prosecutloA} pending in the
Circuit and District CJItt5 Of the Uni.
ted States on the Is. day OF Julv, 1885.
was 3,8OS, of which 1854 We're for vic,
Jat1onS of the internal revenue laws.
while the number of prosecutions pend,
Ing on the lSt day Of July, 1893, was
nine thousand live hundred, of which
1our thousand two hundred were viola
tlonS OF the internal revenue laws. The
expense Of the United States Courts,
exclusive of judges salaries, for the
year ending July 1, 1885. was S2,874,-
.33 III. and for the year ending July |,
1893, $4.329,G16 81. 1t is therefore an.
parent that the reason given in 1885 for
a change in the manner Of enforcing
the Federal criminal law have gained
cogency and strength by lapse of time.
also hereby join the Attorney Cen
eral III recommending legislation fixing
the degrees Of the crime Of murder
within the Federal jurisdiction, as has
been done in many Of the States; au-
thorlZing Wrtts of error on behalf Of
the government in cases where final
judgment Is rendered against the suffl.
clency OF an indictment or against the
government upon any other question
allSlng before the actual trial, limiting
the right OF review In cases of felony,
furnishing only by fine and imprlson.
ment. to the Circuit Court Of Appeals
ana making speedy provision for the
construction Of such prisons and refor-
nlitorleS as NAV be necessary for the
confinement of United States cOnyicts.
Inc report Of the poStmaster. .Gener.
al contains a desailed statement Of the
operations Of the pesJDlli 20 D.oarJ-
ment during the las. fiscal year aud
inuch interesting Information touch
ing upon this important branch of the
pubic servlco. rn6 business of the
mails Indicates with ABSOLUTE certain
W the condition Of tn" business Of the
country, and depression in financial af-
lars inevitably and quickly reduces
Che postal revenues. Therefore a larp.
eI discrepancy than usual between the
poStotllce receipts and expenditures Is
inc expected and unavoidable result
OF the distressing strlngency which has
prevailed throughout the cDuntry dur
ing nuch or the time covered by the
IosCma5ter Generals report. At date
a tnr
was estimated by his predecessor that
the deficiency on the Both day of June
1893, would be but little over a mill
hon and Il half dollars. 1t amounted
however, to more than five millions.
At the same time and under the innu.
'nco or like anticipations, estimates
we're made for the current fiscal year
'nd1nR June 30. 1891, which exhibited
surplus or revenue over expenditures
II SS2,2lo.I; but now, in view of the
Lctual receipts and expenditures dur-
ng that part Of the current fiscal year
'lready expired, the present Postmas-
er General estimates that at its close
instead OF surplus there will be a de-
lclency Of nearly eight million dollars.
The pOstollice receipts for the last lis.
81 year amounted to $75, 1896, ,933. .I6 and
Is expenditures to $8l,074, ,lO4.90. This
'ostollice deficiency would disappear
IT be immensely decrease if less mat
er was carried free through the mails.
mong which is upward of three hun.
red tons of seed and grain from the
agricultural Department. The total
lumber OF postotlices in the United
'tates on the Both of June, 1893, was
8,4O3, an increase Of 1891 over the
'recedlng year. OF thess 1860 were
residential. an increase In that class
# 2O4 over the preceding year. Forty-
Wo Tree delivery Offices were ldGed
luring the year to those already exist.
ng, making total Of six hund ed and
en- cities andtoWns provided With free
ellve'y on June 80, 1893. Ninety
hree other cities and town, are now
ntltled to this service unuer the law
'ut it has not been accor led them on
Iccount of insufficient funds to meet
no expense Of its establishment. I am
lecldedly or the opinion that the prD-
'slons or the present law permit as
general an introduction Of this feature
u mail service as is necessary or iusti.
laoie, and that it ought not to be ex.
ended to smaller communities than
IRE now designated.
me expense of free delivery for the
iSC2I wear pnhino lima IOOI iii H.