davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
THE DAIRY.
THE DAIRY MACHINE
Business Principles Must Govern the
Treatment of the Cow.


Business Principles Must Govern the
Treatment of the Cow.
What does pound Of butter repre-
sent? 1t stands for from fifteen to
thirty pounds OF milk, according to the
richness Of the fluid, and for a certain
amount Of human care and human
labor.
Nay, we can even 20 further than
that and contemplate the value Of the
feed going to make up the milk, the
labor involved in raising the feed, and
the money invested in the COW yielding
it Counting up all these items we at
once see that the cost of a pound or a
few pounds of butter would far exceed
its worth as represented by money.
In other words if we had purchased
cow at the beginning Of this winter,
paying therefor thirty dollars, we
might safely call the cost of her feed
till spring thirty dollars more. The
labor of caring for and milking her
would be another item proportioned, Of
course, to the size of the dairy.
1t will be seen that all of this outlay
comes as the necessary preliminary to
the establishment of dairy business,
and must be offset by certain income
if it be made profitable. Now it will
be readily seen that on general prin-
ciples the larger the production of
material incident to a certain business
the less will be the cost of that produc-
ton, and the less the cost the wider
will be the difference between that cost
and the selling price, which difference
We call profits. Being possessed of the
paraphernalia necessary to run dairy,
its original cost is going to remain just
the same whether we make the income
five dollars or one hundred dollars.
Under certain circumstances, therefore,
a pound of butter may cost twice as
much as pound produced in another
dairy and yet not sell for penny more.
1t is the old story of making two
blades of grass grow where one grew
before. In the case in hand if you can
make your COW produce milk and cream
for two pounds of butter where she
produced one before, you have widened
tie stretch very materially between
cost and selling value.
You must always remem Der that bust
ness principles enter int dairying just
as much as into mercantile trade, and
when you buy feed and turn it into but.
ter at an enhanced price you are follow.
ing the same principle that guides
Phillip Armour in purchasing live stock
and selling meat
The winter has just begun now, and
the cows in the stable are the machin.
cry of your trade, and it is going to cost
certain sum to keep them till spring,
whether you receive penny from them
in return or not Which will it pay you
the better, to let this live stock ma
chinery stand and rust at a daily ex-
pense, or to put on little steam and
oil in the shape of good feed and care
and general enterprise, and get back
the cost and some more besides? Don't
stop to think about it, but set the ma.
chinery going to-day. 1t has been
proved to be a good thing. Geo. Z
Newell, in Ohio Farmer.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
FEEDING THE COW.
Influence OF Quantity Upon the Butter
Product.

Product.
Dr. Sturtevant is authority for the
following: If you have made ten pounds
Of butter with COW and that is her
maximum, by no change of food can
you increase that by single pound, nor
can You change the composition of that
butter. But you can by injudicious
feeding or by not using proper care d.
minish that product quite largely.
Under this principle of feeding the COW
according to the indication Of the food
she gives herself, you will find that the
more albuminoid material you get into
the ration, the larger is the product
until you reach this maximum for the
animal, and with reference to economy.
You want to give this heterogeneous mat
ter combined in proper relation with
other foods and you want to induce the
COW to eat the largest possible quantity
of the food which you supply, and to dc
that you will find there are some foods
that may be placed as continental,
such as ensilage, the acid of the ensi-
lage giving the COW an increased appe-
tite, so that she will eat more food than
she otherwise would Turnips have the
same popularity, so that when you are
feeding a ration to the COW and add
turnips to it, she eats more of the hay
than she would have used without the
turnips-in other words, the turnips are
not econom cal in relation to the amount
of food by replacing other food, but
they act as stimulant to the appetite
of the cow so that she will eat more OF
the hay and grain which you have sup
piled to her.-0range Judd Farmer.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
FARM NOTES.

In pruning do not remove too much
GOOD at one time.
A high elevation sloping to the east
or south, so that it will be somewhat
protected from north and west winds,
is best for the peach
In planting dwarf pears, so far as il
is possible to be done, the point of
union should be planted about two
inches below the surface.
Plant the new orchard on new soil,
the newer the better If only one or
two years from clearing up and putting
in cultivation all the better.
Trees producing worthless fruit may
be made to bear the best in three or
four years by grating, but the trees
must be healthy and vigorous.
Ducks, young or old, do not thrive
well on a grain diet They need more
bulky food. Bran, grass, middlings
and food of this kind are better than
grain.
While as a general rule old hens are
improbable, it is sometimes advisable
to keep them, especially when they
have proved themselves to be good
mothers.
In most cases, even when the poultry
is given good range, it will be found
advisable to have close yard where,
at any time it may be considered advis-
able, more or less of the poultry can be
confined
Because occasionally cross.bred
fowl presents fine appearance one is
tempted to think it is a good plan to
breed them, but this is mistake. The
best results are secured by keeping the
breeds pure.
If the soil in the garden is stiff and
seems hard to work, apply good dress
ing of wood ashes, or if these cannot be
secured readily use coal ashes, it will
help materially to make the soil more
pliable and easier to work.
During the winter seed can be got
ready and tested. One of the essen.
tials in making a good crop is to get a
good, even stand, and this cannot be
done unless good seed is used. The
safest plan is to get the seed in good
season and to test it before risking the
crop with it
An exchange thinks that it would do
some farm butter makers great good to
take package of their product to some
expert faster and ask his opinion Of it
If anything was wrong about it he
could tell in half minute, and he
would tell how to avoid such error in
the future, Less than one.fourth Of
the farmers wives make an excellent
quality of butter.
When fencing is to be done the posts
may be sharpened and hauled out and
distributed where they are wanted dur
ing the winter This will save consid-
cradle time in spring. After the frost
is well out of the ground in the spring
is one of the very best times to drive
fence posts, and it will be quite an item
to have them hauled out ready when
the proper time comes
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
RUSSIAN THISTLE.

because of it. A competent authority,
Prof. 7. A. Williams, in the Dakota
Farmer November /, 1892, says: There
is story often heard throughout Da-
kota that it was introduced here by
Russian immigrants sowing it for
sheep feed. We have not been able to
get at the truth of this statement nor
to find just where the weed was first
introduced" He pronOunces it the
worst weed in South Dakota. In this
connection it should be noted that
when young the plant is used as forage
Tor sheep. This weed is an annual,
grows vigorously and produces an
enormous number of seeds which are
scattered over the prairies, because of
its tumbling habit.
Another important feature of the
weed is that it comes up after the
wheat is cut. DR. Rose, in the report
referred to, suggests that farmers in
the western states take timely action
to eradicate it. In Nebraska a bill for
it determination was introduced, but it
failed to pass. 1t is impossible to say
just how far this weed may spread
There are numerous cases on record
where some plants promised to be very
troublesome, but for some un-
known reason they failed to
spread But this weed seems to
be thoroughly adapted to the soil
and conditions in southwest Iowa,
northeast Nebraska and the two Dako-
tas We may well regard it with sus-
picion. The remedy to be applied is to
cut off all of the young plants and do
not allow any seed to mature. But
this requires concerted action. Waste
places as well as the fields must be
guarded
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
HE RUSSIAN THIsILE
Its Introduction and Occurrence in Sew
eraI Western States.

Its Introduction and Occurrence in Sew
eraI Western States.
Prof L. H. Pammel, Ames, Ia,
writes to the Orange Judd Farmer:
Not ung ago there was some discussion
concerning the introduction of the
Russian thistle in the northwestern
part of this state. 1t has appeared in
several places in Iowa and is causing
some alarm. 1t was stated that it is
the common saltwort found along the
Atlantic coast, but it now appears tina;
this weed is not the native Salsola
kali, but variety, and is known as
SalSola ka.I var. tragus, which is
shown in the accompany g illustra-
ton reproduced rom the report of the
department of agriculture issued for
the year 1871. 1t i, not a native of the
United States but OF Russia In some
way it was ought TO this country.
How will never be learned. 1t has be-
come formidable pest in the wheat
fields OF the Dakotas Mr.. s. W. Mar
regang, president of the Dakota Irri-
cation Company, writes in the depart
men OF agriculture report for 1891, in
response to an inquiry from DR.. J. n.
Rose: They grow much longer than
the specimen, often three times as
large, forming plants which are six
feet in diameter-as large as large
wagon wheel N reply to your ques-
ton as to the time of first appearance
l would say that we first saw it three
years ago. Since that time it has
steadily increased, until the greater
portion of South Dakota east of the
Missouri river is infested with the
thistle, particularly the strip of
country extending from Eureka, Camp
bell county, southeasterly to Sioux
Falls, which is covered thickly with
this weed" The same writer states
that some farmers have left their land
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
f A:E}E?#:}f|z::|}:t|4.
A sELF-CLOsINe GATE.

lucky. This gate closer will not only
close the gate every time it is opened
to the usual width, but if the gate is
swung completely back to the fence, it
will also hold the gate open. This is a
great convenience, as all realize who
have tried chains or ropes with weights,
and self-closing hinges or springs.
With selt-closing gates, the careless
ness Of children and callers will be
overcome, and the trees and plants
saved from injury by trespassing cat
tie and swine.-American AgricuI.
turist.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
WORTH READING.

Mt. STERLING KY, Feb. -, 1889.
F. J. Cheney Co., Toledo, o.
Gentlemen i desire to make a brief
statement for the benefit of the suffering
had been afflicted with catarrh of the head,
throat and nose, and perhaps the bladder
for fully twenty-five years. Having tried
other remedies without success | was led
by an advertisement in the Sentnel-Demo-
crat to try Halls Catarh Cure. have just
finished my fourth bottle, and | believe
am right when | say | am thoroughly re-
stored. don't believe there is a trace of
the disease left. Respectfully,
VIM BRIDGES, Merchant Tailor.
SOLD BY DRUGGISTS. IS cents.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
|S(8|IIlI
DO NOT sc DECEIVED zzss
with Pastss. Enamels and Paints which stain
the hands. injure the iron, and burn on.
The Rising Sun Stove Polish Is Brilliant, Odor-
less, Durable, and the consumer pays for no TIN
or glass package with every purchase.
A NEW DRINK

Mankind in all ages has sought to drive
away care by means of intoxication.
Why he should do this is one Of the
mysteries Of existence.
The most novel methods Of arriving at
this purpose is that Of the South Sea
Islanders.
They make a drink that acts with all
the effects of whisky but they make it out
of decaying fish and corn.
Many people have an idea that whisky
is good for the lungs and with this de-
luSion that it will prove an antidote for
consumption, they drink whisky.
The whole thing is a deluSion.
People with Pulmonary trouble do need
a stimulant but they can get an hundred
better things than whisky.
If you have weak lungs get a bottle Of
Reds German Cough & Kidney Cure
and take this whenever you have a cold.
twill keep you from taking more cold
and from catching consumption.
1t is the best thing in the world for this
purpose.
The small bottles are twenty-five cents;
the large ones are fifty cents.
SYLVAN REMEDY CO., Peoria, III.
vnuno nI-ute,rn ,r,,sy,,pnv an, ,,,,,-,,.
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13
SURE GATE CLOSER.

A Continuance That VIII Prevent q Great
Many Annoyances.
Che snnoyances resulting from open
garden and lawn gates can be avoided
o, the continuance shown in the &C
companying illustration drawn from
sketch sent us by R. c. Hollins, of Ken
People's voice. [volume] (Wellington, Sumner County, Kansas) 1890-1917, 1893-01-13

AFTER the ducks begin to lay it is
safe to count upon an egg every "a
hours, but as they do not lay in nests,
the safest plan is to confine them every
night or many of the eggs will be lost
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
Hunting and Hawking in Colonial Virginia

To the Editor of the Dispatch
From an accomplished lady friend who
designs a magazine article on the field
sports of Virginia in colonial days, l
have had a request for information as
to noted huntsmen of the period; as
TO the number of hounds kept by house
holds, and the use of falcons in hunt
ing.
/ have replied citing the names OF some
who are known to have kept hounds,
and have stated the number kept by
many as from six to one or two score.
As to hawking, / have no definite in
formation. |. however possess u very
curious book, La Maison Rustique on
Economic Gererale," etc, Vols, Ito,
Paris, 1863 which formerly belonged to
Robert Boiling, Of "Chillowe," Bucking-
ham county. Va, the author of the
Boiling Memoirs" which bore his auto
graph, with the date IVA. The work has
chapter devoted to falconry. with IL
Illustrations. There are manuscript margi-
nal notes to this chapter, but nothing TO
prove that hawks were used In hunting
birds In Virginia.
Tho subject must be an interesting one
TO Virginian lovers Of field sports, and |
would be thankful and many of our
readers interested il you will kindly
g,ee currency TO this query. 1t may be
hoped that II will secure gratifying con-
tributions to your valued columns.
Faithfully yours, r. A. BROCK.
Secretary Southern Historical Society.
Richmond. Va, November II, 1888.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
NEWS FROM EAST RICHMOND.
Personals and other Items Cleaned for the
Dispatch.
written for the Dlspatch.)

written for the Dispatch.)
II Is gratifying to know that work has
commenced upon the new building at the
Masonic Home.
Rev J. p. Cannon. OF the Third Pres
byterian church, was paying pastoral.
calls in our village last Saturday.
Mrs. Rose Mcdonald, of Concordla.
Kan, Is spending a few weeks here with
her friend, Mrs. n. T. Ames.
NJ. II. G.. Betteys. of Poquoson, York
county, was here last week looking after
his property interests. He will settle
here soon.
Some OF the farmers about here are
turning their attention to sheep raising
Less dogs and more sheep would be
commendable.
Deer have been seen quite frequently
this fall little below here, and wild tur-
keys are plentiful. 1t speaks well for
the settlers In their vicinity that they
are not exterminated. BY the way, the
mocking-bi that used TO be so common
about here few years ago is rarely ever
seen now. As soon as a nest Is discover
ed II is watched by dozens Of cruel, greedy
persons, and the young are eagerly
snatched by ruthless and inexperienced
hands as soon as they are able TO hold
I'D their heads to cry for food. and they
soon die for want Of care, doing nobody
any good.
The yards are gorgeous with chrysan-
themums and the woods are radiant
with autumn glory.
one of our enterprising housewives pro-
poses setting apart an arbor-day for the
Nine-Mile road. 20 that there may be
trees set on either side OF the highway
by each property-owner. We don't know
when certain cedars will ever recover from
the Disagreement they received ten years
ago, when some one trimmed OFT the
lower limbs to use in repairing the road.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
QUERIES & ANSWERS.
Information as to The Virginia Oyster
Tong Tax.
.SRoel- BITTER WHENCE ITS ORIGIN.
MATT OF Great Britain--Torty-Sirfh vir-
ginia Infantry--wby Alum Cisri-
ses wster. sc.
VA.

To the Editor OF the Dispatch:
There was a law. without penalty,
aa 90 licensing persons 90 catch oysters
with ordinary oystcr-tongs. Does the
same law now exist? IL so, can an oyster
inspector compel man 10 obtain
license, and II man falls 20 do 30 can
he be compelled, and what are the con-
sequences7
According to the oyster act approved
February 20, 1892. tongman catching oys-
tiers with ordinary oyster-tongs from
natural oyster-rocks. beds. or shoals. Is
required 10 pay the inspector a hfty-cents
registration fee annually for tho registra-
ton OF the boat he uses in taking his
oysters. The penalty for not 30 doing Is
fino OF not less than s non more than
500. and conhscation OF the boat II tho
owner cannot be found.
The inspector has no legal right 10 inn
pose n tonE-tax In advance. He Is re-
quircd under the same act TO compel the
tongman to render him weekly under oath
the amount Of his sales during the pre-
ceding week, and the tongmsn Is taxed al
the rate OF forty cents on the hundred
dollars. II the tongman fails 10 make this
report 10 the inspector weekly he IL
deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and
upon conviction must be fined not less
than $40 nor more than $50.
Under this same act tongman can
elect TO pay a tong-tax OF g in advance
for the whole oyster season, and render
no account OF his sales.
This act repeats all old acts and parts
OF acts inconsistent with Il.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
Why Alum PuriGes Water.
RICHMOND. VA.

II0IiAiO-Nif We
To the Editor OF the Dispatch:
VIII you kindly state in your paper
why It is that alum puriiies and settles
water W. II. -
1t depends on the fact that sulphate of
ammina. which il one Of the constituents
Of alum. is decomposed by some of the
substances contained in the water, chiefly
tho carbonate of lime. BY this decom-
position alumina is liberated and becomes
dnused through the water, attracting and
entangling the clay and other suspended
matters. and finally sinking with them TO
the bottom of the containing vessel. Its
action is somewhat like that or white OF
egg I'm clearing coffee. Not only does
alumina remove suspended mineral mat
ters, but IT also removes much of the
organic (animal and vegetable matters,
so that alum is not merely clearer OF
water. but 1t is also to n marked extent
a purifier of IT. 1t must be noted, how
ever. that the clear water should be
poured away from the sediment as soou
as practicable. since some of the organic
bodies are disposed to move back into
the water.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
Rabies in Hogs.
ROCKPIsH DEPOT,

ROCkPlSH DEPOT, VA.
To the Editor OF the Dispatch:
Please answer tho following questions:
win hogs go mad IL bitten by mad
dog2 II 90 rhst are tho symptoms, and
how long before they will develop?
NJ. w. w.
During the progress OF the malady
(rabies) n specific virus 10 developed in the
saliva of the affected animals, which, being
implanted through the wound inflicted,
conveys the disease TO other animals and
70 man symptoms are very similar in
horses, cows. sheep, etc. In all there is
a loss or depravity Of the appetite, pros
tration great restlessness, increased ex-
citabllity, muscular trenblings flow of
saliva from the mouth, difficulty In swal-
lowing. and succeeding TO these signs are
those Of great violence, paralysis of the
hind extromities, and finally coma and
dcath"-Wiillams We understand this to
amply 20 hogs az well as horses.
w. Vaughan-Lloyd, V. s., OF Richmond.
says:
II have often been called upon 70 see
cases OF so-called mad-dogs, but invariably
found them suffering from either meningi
tis. epilepsy, acute ear disease, or excessive
fright. and have never yet seen genuine
case Of hydrophobia In this State"
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
FINE HORSES ON THE STAGE.
Professor Bartholomew and His Pets at the
Academy This Week.

II a person could believe the marvel
lous stories in the Arabian Nights En-
tertainment, how princes and princesses
were by some magical enchantment turn
cd into horses and other animals, IL would
be easy 10 understand the intelligence
with which the educated horses are gift
ed. A believer In these remarkable tales
could readily comprehend how Nellie
had once been a princess OF noble blood.
and transformed by some evil genii into
a horse, or how Caesar had been a war
rior bold" and shared the same fate. and
the imagination could run on In this
channel and trace another life for each
OF these wonderful animals but fortu-
nately the light OF the nineteenth century
has dispelled these illusions, and the per-
Torrance can now be viewed as another
illustration OF the power given to man
at the creation over the Inferior animals.
Those who witness Professor Bartholo-
new and his pets on the stage. and fol-
low them through their inimitable per-
formance VIII see the highest result Of
human patience and animal intelligence.
That these points are appreciated Is
shown by the large audiences that attend
each performance everywhere he visits.
Professor Bartholomew and his pets
WIN giye performances starting Thursday
night and continuing the rest Of this
wpok IT the Academy. The entertatn-
nyents are Of special inteeesk TO ladies
ard ehhAren and all lovers Of tho horse.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
From Richmond TO Oneida County, New
York In 1895.
WAcTITNCTON ID C.

To the Editor OF the Dispatch:
VIII you kindly inform me, or advise
me as TO when / can obtain the informa-
ton as TO what would have been the
most probable route taken by a ira
weller in 1897 or 1888 from Richmond
Va, 20 Oneida county. n. Y?
Would one taking such trip be more
likely TO go to Baltimore or to Phila-
delphia en- route? {. Z.
Mr. William Taylor. Of this city, for
merly treasurer of Henrico county In
forms the Dispatch that in the month
of September 1893. he travelled IN
regular line OF stages from Watkins
Glen TO Elmira, y. Y, Williamsport
Harrisburg. York, Pa, Baltimore, and to
Richmond, Va. That was at that tlme
considered 10 be the most direct ana
feasible route 70 the interior Of the
state Of New York, and, Of course
would have been the most direct route
Richmond, Va, to Oneida county, ~
Y, in the years 1897 and 1898.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1893-11-19
Chrysanthemum Tea.

81. Johns Circle Of Kings Daughters
will give a chrysanthemum tea at the
residence OF Mr.. William Curtis, corner
the evening OF Tuesday, November 2lst
from to 10 o'clock. The admission Zee
win entithe the visitor TO refreshments-
tea. chocolate. sandwiches. salads. and
other delicacies Will be served There will
be music during the evening, and every
thing VIII be done TO insure pleasant
time 10 al who come. This circle Is not.
as might be inferred from its name. one
OF the working societies OF st. Sohn a
church. but Is entirely undenominationai.
and has for Its object work among the
suffering and needy.