davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

the remains OF poultry or game birds
were o..ly discovered in very few
Xiii lho G-ass:,opo:rs.
Another plague of graSshoprcrS is
threatening in Colorado, partly be-
cause that state put a price On the
heads Of hawks ard owls a few years
ago, in c2nscQucnec OF whit h thou-
sands OF tic BIRDS have lcen de-
strOyed. Among the natural en- mics
OF these insects are Wild turkeys,
prairie chickens, sagc-co,ks, auails.
skunks, foxes and snakes. all Of which
are killed whenever p ss:blc. 50 that
they are fast being wiped our. Thus
the graSShOpperS. when favored by
exceptional seasons. have Il chance to
multiply to an astonishing extent,
wnereupon they suddenly assume the
offensive and with their invading
armies take pnS sian Of the country
ana strip it Of everything green. one
OF the hawks which, rclpte wfo dwell
on the Western plains have been ac-
tive in trying to cX crmin .tc is
s,walnson's hawk. which fc ds cx-
clnsivcly on erasshopper> and crick-
cts when it can get them. Each in
dividual will cnnsune 200 grasshop-
pcrs daily. and it. is rCckOncd that n
far-sizcd fCck Of this srctics will
eat l.00o.0o0 of the hopprrs in Il
month. slarrow hawks are great
enemies "t nc gras>hoppcr,. In
parts OF the West ana South, where
telegraph lines pass through miles Of
irccless plains and savannas, these
little birds use the telegraph poles for
Dcrches, for lack of better resting
places From the Olcs they make
short trips at brief intervals to pick
upa grassiIoppcr or mouse. which
they carry bac,, to the perch and de-
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
them rush ihvo q flock of sparrowe

them rush ihvO q flock of sparrOwe
This is the only benefit conferred On
mankind Ivy them, for they rarely
attack mammals and insects. Their
small size, daring and rapid flight
render them easily recognizable. and
they need seldom be mistaken for
their innocent relations Both spe.
c:es should lie destroyed whenever
and wherever possible.
The gyrfalcon, the largest and
most powerful OF the true falcons, is
rarely seen within the borders of the
United States, and then only in win
ter. 1t feeds Largely on ptarmigan.
grouse, water fowl. harcs and pO,ll-
try when available. The duck hawk
is another big falcon, and is closely
related to the famous re:egrine fall
con OF the old world. which was used
so extensively In fnlconry In Eye Oldeii
time" 1t is rare In most parts of the
United States, fortunately for the
poultry yards and the game coveys.
| In fact. the sharE-Shinncd and Coop
er's hawks are the oniytwO Of the de-
Structive species which are at all
common in this country. The fish
hawk, although a magnificent bird.
aud one that lcnis attrartiveness to
many Il scene hy sea and river can
not be classed as useful species from
an economic standpoint. Itcats fish,
and fish only, and is often a nui-
Sancc to the tish-culturiStS. Some of
the most valuable kinds of fishes. as
trout. bass and mullet, fall victims
to its splendid powers as a fisher.
The rough-lcggcd hawk. one of the
largest species. feeds exclusively on
the smaller rodents. and the number
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

The Farmers Friends.
inc bulletin on IlawNs and Owls,
published 10y the Department OF Agr-
culture, contains lot Of most curious
and interesting information Inc-
dcntally, it p-ovcs that class Of
birds commonly looked upon as enc.
miles Of the farmer really rank amung
his best friends. Instead OF icing
!rdi>crimitc'y DESTROYED, they should
be preserved and ,ncnuragcd to take
UP their abode in tie ncighhOrhoWi
of the hnHic. Out of Scycnty-threo
species Of owls and hawks in this
country only six arc harmful. and of
these latter three are so very rare
that they ncci not be cons! !lercd.
But two--thc >harp-shinncd hawk
and Coopcr'> hawk--ncCd he taken
INTO account as toes to the husband
man. The rest uf the hawks and All
the owls are either ma. My or wholly
beneficial, SO that the folly OF offer
ing bountics fof killing them, as has
been done by several States, is most
cgregiou>. In the course Of the in.
vestigation which has brought about
these conclusions tic S!o,nachs of
ZOO ct these fcatrercd creatures
were examined. N,aiy all Of them
were found tn contain mice. ether
small mammals. and insects. while
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
DO You Know

Do you know that you car drive
nails into hard wood without bend
ing them il you dip them first in lard?
That corkS warmed in oil make cx-
cellcnt substitutes for glass shoppers:
That sta bread will clean kid
gloves?
That bread crumbs cleanse silk
gowns
That milk, applied once week
with Il soft cloth, frcshcns and pre-
serves boots and shoes?
That gloves can be cleaned at home
by rubbing with gasoline?
That weak spots in black silk
waist may be strengthened by stick
ing" court-plaster underneath?
Tnat tooth powder is an excellent
c'eanscr of fine filigree iewelry?
That a little vaseline, rubbed in
once day, will keep the hands from
chapping?
That gum arabic and gum traga-
canth in equal parts, dissolved in hot
water, make the best and most con.
venient mucilage you can keep in the
Louse?- Exchange.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
A Telephone Newspaper.

The London Standards Vienna
correspondent tells Us of the very
newest thing in news-a B,llamy idea
translated into fact. The first SO.
called telephone newspaper" ap-
peared in Pesth yesterday. In other
words, the latest items of news-po-
litical, local. commercial, sporting,
and Other-are sent ont from a cen
tral office by telephone to the sub
scribers, who for this intelligence pay
the -ery mOlest sum of 10 cents a
month. This novel undertaking
comprises at its central Office
two departments-a regular edi-
toriai office. which receives the
telegraphic and oral messages and
works them up into lea.e.s or
paragraphs, aud q special tele-
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

dren ace 'dentally separated from their
arents and temporarily lost on the
grounds will be conveyed to the creche
and cared for and fed without charge
until claimed.
As to charges outside of the grounds,
let it he clearly understood that the
best hotels have said plainly that they
will not charge more than their usual
prices, and the hotels of lesser magni-
tude will be compelled TO do likewise.
Chica 20 is full of en:crprising people,
and really enterprising people know
that cXtortion ruins enterprise. There
will be millions of visitors to Chicago
during the exposition season, and for
that very reason there will be fierce
co nre:iticn for their custom. There
are now hundreds of restaurants in this
city at which a satisfying meal can be
purchased for from - to % cents. and
the number of such places will he
greatly increased during the year. The
scramble for the patronage of visitors
OF mo 'eratc means will he furious. 1t
is quite possible that the prices Of the
restaurants that eater for the people OF
small incomes will be reduced by reason
Of excessive competition, and it is GER
tain that they will not be increased.
In short, it viii BE- very easy for a
rich visitor 10 spend S25 or $50 er day.
4 id it will be quite as easy for an @; on
,m.st 20 find room al the rate Of s..
per week and TO feed himself for %
cents per day. The great Exposition is
for the delectation of the people of the
world, but specially for those OF the
United States, therefore attendance
,iron it will be made to be within the
reach of all The rich can enjoy all
the luxuries that money can buy, the
person of slender means can live well at
slight cost. Everybody is invited to
come. Everybody will re welcome.
Nobody shall he imposed upon. This is
Chicaso's pledge to the nation and to
tho whole world.
Admission Tickets.
Three hundred and scventy-five thou
sand tickets of ada ission to the EApos.-
tion have arrived and have been placed
on sale down town. AS already pub
lished the engraved entrance cards will
be handled in the principal hotels, at
the Randolph street and Van Buren
street stations of the Illinois Central
and at the Exposition Treasurer's office,
in the Rand -McNaliy building. Fifty
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

but few which deserve to be put on
the black list as injurious to man.
One of the owls which are in i'll re-
putc with the farmers is the barn
owl. Nevertheless, its reputation is
undeserved, inasmuch as 81 per cent.
of it, food consists of rabbits. suuir-
rels. rats, mice. frogs, and crawfIsh,
The longearcl and short-eared owls
also feed extensively on mice.
The injurious species of hawks,
which feed mainly on animals that
are useful to man, are the sharp
Skinned hawk, Cooler's hawk, the
goshawk, the duck-hawk, the gyr-
falcon and the fish-hawk. Tire gos-
hawk is comparatively rare in most
farming districts Of the United
States. being bird Of the far North:
otherwise its deStructiveness to poul-
try wculd lie great. Few species are
more fond of poultry and game birds,
its large size enabling it to carry Off
with ease a full-grown fowl. RutTed
grouse often fall a prey to it, on
which account it is sometimes called
the partridge hawk" 1t strikes
down hare with ease. Much of the
ill-favor with which birds Of prey in
general arc looked upon is due to the
derredations of Cooper's hawk. This
is a common species throughout the
United States and Canada. 1t is the
true chicken hawk" Cooper's hawk
and the sharp-shinned hawk feed al
most exclusively on the flesh Of do
mesticated and wild birds. When
they find a farm where chickens can
be captured with imrunity they
make daily excursions to it. and, I'M
less killed, will soon defopulate the
yard. Domesticatcd pigeons are par.
ticalarly sought aftc: by Cooper's
hawk.
Sparrow Dcstroyers.
In one direction the fondness OF
these two hawks for the flesh of birds
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06


Boston notions are nu,nhcrles; AMI
very apt to lie good. In that city
notices in English, French, German.
and Sw dish are hung in the waiting
rooms of the railway stations and
pier sheds walningyoung girls against
strangers and stating at what hours
Il matron, who will bc recognizable
by her prescribed badge. may he found
to give all needed informant n and
advice. In the same city, which is
peculiarly the homa AMI originating
place Of practical charities. a second
good scheme is that Of til. Young
Tr"-crs' Aid Society. Under its
auspices matrOnS meet the chief
trains. both incoming aud outgoing,
and aid by suggestion or informal ion
the traveller who needs it. A cnun
try girl. foreigner. a mother wrcS:-
ling with an unwieldy family of Slip
perry children, particularly if she is !,
stranger in strange land these and
similar helpless and distracted way
farer> are righted, relieved and sent
on thei: way rejoicing.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

natives of the various States of the
Union will go to their State buildings
and renew their allegiance in such man
nor az may seem best TO them, and then
turn TO gaze with wonder at the work
which has been done in Jackson Pari;
for over year and half. So il will lie
with those whose mother countries are
under other flags. The buildings of most
of the countries of the East and South
which will exhibit will g ready for the
reception of their children Even Mid
way Plaisance, that strip about which
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
WILL OPEN ON TIME.
PRESIDENT CLEVELAND TO SET
THE FAIR GOING.
Col. Davis and Director Of Works Isurnl,s m
Say the Gates Will BE Thrown Wide Open
May 1-=Extort mate Charges Will Not
Prevail.
The Week at jackson PARK.

The Week at Jackson PARK.
Chicago correspondence:
The Worlds Columbian Exposition
will be ready for business May l. Pres
ident Cle>e eland will touch the electric
button, if he lives, and the spindlcs will
whirl. and the great wheels revolve, and
every door in every department will
swing open SO that al tie world
through its represt ntatives may enter
and behold the acres of exhibits which
will be in place on that day. The cln-
non will boom across the inland sea;
the flags of all countrie will tl AT i'll
the air Of a Chicago spring: the hands
will play; the electric Loats viii cart
along the lagoons, AMI the sondo!as viii
move dreamiiy over the waters and
loiter in the shadows OF the great uiId-
ings. Ore country will Vic with an
other in exhibits which viii Mt that
time be displayed in the most attractive
manner by men of the world who have
made effective beauty study. The
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
NUMBER 10.
SENATE WILL SOON ADJOURN.


The Extra Session Expected to Close Early
in April.
The extra session cf the Senate will
soon adjourn. There will be five or six
more days of the debate upon the gues-
tion of seating the appointed Senators
from Montana, Wyoming, and Washing
ton, and then vote is expected 10 give
all of them their seats. The debate,
however, is beng conducted on non.
partisan lines. and the intention is t.
determine an important question Of
doubt whether senatorial term shall
end Tn March :. irrespective of action
or non-action upon the part OF tie
Legislature in electing a successor &c
the Senator serving. and the Governor
can on that day appoint successor in
the absence of an election, irrespective
Of the fact that the Legislature has not
Adjourned and MAY elect Senator
the day following the appointment
of cne. In other words it is
the purpose to determine whether
there is any connection between the
appointive power of the Governor and
the elective power of the Legislature,
and whether the one must have any
respect for the other. 1t is believed
also that the resolution to lie t a Sec
retary, Sergeant-at-arms and Chaplain
OF the Senate will, after little brush
upon the part cf the Democrats, so over
till the Senate comes together next
winter. The programme is to refer the
resolutions proposing an investigation
into the characters of Senators Roach
Demo rat of North Dato. a. and Pow
ers Republican, of Montana. to the
committee on privileges and elections
for consideration, with the understand
ing that they will not tie reported.
When these steps have teen taken the
Senate will be ready to finally adjourn.
A quorum cannot be kept over week
longer. 4 call of the Senate Thursday
revealed but forty-seven Senators in
Washington. Many of them are paired
and if rarty question had been upon a
vote there would not have been a
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
THEY WILL BE IMPEACHED.


Proceedings tn Begin Against Ex-Onicials
o: Nebraska.
The commission appointed by the Ne
braska Legislature TO investigate the
state officers and ascertain IL there was
evidence enough to impeach the Board
of Public Lands and Buildings, reported
to the House unanimously In favor Of
the Impeachment of Secretary OF State
Allen, Attorney General Hastings and
Commissioner of Public Lands and
Buildings Humphrey. The commission
was composed of representative attor-
Us from the Republican, Democratic
and Independent parties, chosen by
the party caucuses Of members OF the
Legislature. The impeachment pro.
ceed ngs will now be pushed.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

Scrcech-owls also feel on chip
Muhk,, shrcwS. molcs, and OCCASION
ally bats
Probably the most important from
au economic point of view among
owls is the barn owl. Its food is al
most entirely made up of injurious
mammals. In the West it feeds
largely on pouchcd gophers, and the
stomach contents of many individuals
examined have revealed little more
than the remains of these rodents
To appreciate properly the services
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

people ont-ide of Chicago know so lit
tie. will be ready. In one day the Wis
itor may wander or ride. as he may be
prepared, along this great highway and
ee how the people of countries which
the tourist seldom visits live and dress.
So much has been written and said
about this Columbian Exposition that
those who are under its walls scar, c
realize that the time is almost at hand
for the pcnetralia of its wonders to
open. On the eve of the opening of the
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

promises to be Of benefit to the coun.
try--namely, in the destruction of
the English sparrow. Both Of them
have learned from experience that Il
desirable food and one easy to obtain
is to he fo.:nd in the towns, and even
in the streets of large Gil es it is not
an uncommon thing to see one Of
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
The Oueerest of Railroads.

One OF the queercst railroads on
this continent is the Salisbury and
Haycy, in New Brunswick. 1t is
but twenty mites long, and although
it connects with the Interco,onial
Road, an admirably constructed line,
it is confessedly unsafe. \ printed
notice hung up in the cars cautions
passengers that it is we'll to get out
and walk on reaching a certain
bridge, and it was Ion. the custom
to push the cars over this crazy
structure before the might. engine
was trusted upon its rotten timbcrs.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

gates AT JACKSON IaFk Il tnOuSanu beile.
dictions will fail, and from the affairs OF
the world there will as enl the inccrs
of thanksgiving that the work about
which the nations of the earth will
assemble in confraternity is completed,
for the day before the opening of the
Worlds Columbian Exposition will be
Sunday.
The Plain Truth.
An impression seems TO prevail in
some quarters thai the Columbian En-
position is to be cut up in some way into
sections, and that the fifty cent entr ance
fee will hardly do more than admit tho
visitor to the vestiblue. The truth is,
on the contrary, that that one entrance
fec will give the visitor free access to
every building erected by the Exposition
Company, and to all the Stae and for
cign buildings, including all their ex-
hibits. Every exhibit proper may be
seen without any further entrance fee.
Tho false impression in question is due
to the fact that there will be some side
shows, some of them in Jackson Park,
some in Midway Plaisance. and some
elsewhere. Those in Jackson Park ana
Midway Plaisance are under the super
vision of the exposition manage
ment, and certa n per cent. of their
receipts will go to the management. OF
course the Worlds Fair Company has
no control of what may be erected and
maintained outside Of their own grounds.
If some circus company should estab-
lish a tent alongside the Manitoba
Building, and there is plenty of vacant
space for it, the Worlds Fair would
none the less be open in full On the
payment of fifty cents. The best OF
the sideshows will be Of very small
importance as compared with what will
, be shown in any one of the regular Ex-
: position buildings.
Not only will every requisite of health
ard comfort ho provided without cost to
the visitor. but the management has
zone SO far as to sterilize the drinking
| water. sanitary precaution Of great
importance to the health Of visitors.
Again. the women Of Chicago have
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
"Nothing Like = Good Old Mother

An English paper tells story of Il
wcll-knoWn bishop who suffers from
impaired vision. He recently he d Il
lcyee. At length a guest approached
ard said: "IIow do you do, my lord?
My mother wishes to be kindly re-
memhcred to you" "Ah," said the
bishop, "ttat is very good of her.
And how is the dear old soul? Moth
ing like a good old mother. Be sure
to take care of your old mother.
Good-morning The bishop d d not
in the least know who his visitor was,
and said to his footman, "Who was
that?" The servant replied, "The
last gentleman who left your lord
ships reception is the Duke of Con-
pouul,f "
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

revenue of more than ST ,0oO, 900 from
tickets before the gates open. His es-
innate is re-enforcel by surprisingly
large number OF inquiries from souvenir
collectors who wish to purchase speci-
men tickets of every series issued by
the admissions bureau.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
Now. Boys. Now.

Boys. above all, don't by viii or
deed. add to the burdens of your
mother; remember that she loves you
rs deeply as when you We're clean,
white little babe, though you may
now be "tough kid" whom every
body dislikes She is not so strong
as she once was: the hand of time.
maybe, has touched her hair and left
it gray and streaked where it was
once beautiful and glossy. Her st p
is slower than it used to be. BE d
man: respect her, live right. and
when she dies who loves you more
than any one will ever love you again,
when the wasted. tired hands have
been folded for unbroken sleep, there
will go with you sweet and tender
recollections like guardian angels
along the rugged road of life. Now
is the time to begin to be a man
don't wait until you are grown up
Cass County ia. Democrat.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06

F. PoRTERFIELp, cashier of the sus-
pended Commerc' al National Bank of
Nashville, Tenn, has been arrested on a
warrant sworn out by Bank Examiner
Mcknight. Portertield gave bail in the
sum of $4,000. The charges are per-
jury and making false statements to
the department.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
St. Augustine Distan ed.

Tucson, A. r., is said to be the
oldest city in the United States. An
old Spanish land grant issued in t553
has recently been unearthed.
The farmers' union. (Memphis, Mo.) 1891-1895, 1893-04-06
HANDLING HERD OF CATTLE.
Skill and Daring Required to AVER: Il
stamp de ON the Trail.

stamp de on the Trail.
The task of the droycr and his as
si>tant cowboys in getting the herds
from the Southern ranches To the
Northern shipping points was one in
solvins both skill and daring. says an
article in Scrihner's Magazine. The
daily programme was as regular as
that of Il regiment on the march.
From morning until noon the cattle
were allowed to Craze in the dircc
tion Of their dcStinl!ioI, watched by
the cowboys in relays. The cattle
were by this time uneasy, and were
turned into the trail and walked
steadily forward eight Or ten miles,
when at early twilight they halted
for another Craze. AS darkness came
IN they were gathered closer and
closer together into Il compact mass
10y the cowboys riding steadily in con-
Stantly lessening circles around them
until at last the brutcS lay down
chewing their ,uds and resting from
the days trip Near midnight they
would usually get up, stand awhile,
and then lie down again, having
changed sides. At this time extra
care was ncct s>ary to keep them from
limlessly wandering off in the dark
ness. Sitting on their ponies or rid
ing slowly ruund and round their re-
clining charges. the cowboys pa. scd
thu night on sentinel duty, relieving
one another at stated hours.
When Sk:e' were clear ana the air
I, L. 4
a pleasant and hcalthful one But
there came rainy days. when the cat
tie were restless and when it was
anything but enjoyable riding through
the steady downpour. Then especially
were the nights wearisomn, and the
cattle were ready at any time to Stam-
ped.
No one could tell what caused {,
Stamicde any more than one can tell
the reason of the strange panicS that
attack human gatherings at times.
a fash Of lightning. cracking
stick. Il VOLTS grcwl--littlc things in
themselves. but in a moment every
horned head was lifted, and the mass
of hair and horns with fierce. fright.
NhNN NtNS, JihC
| of cmeralds, was off. Recklessly.
hiindly. in whltcver direction fancy
led them, they went over a bluff or
moraS>. it mattcrcd not. and fleet
were the horses that could keep
abreast Of the leaders. But some
| could do it, and, la>hing their ponies
to their best gait, the cowboys fol
| lowed at hrcakneck speed. Getting
| on one side Of the leaders. the effort
was to turn them little at first,
| then more and more, until the cir
| cumfercncc Of Il graf circle was being
| described. The cattle behind blindly
| fo,lDW I'd, and soon the front and rcal
| joined and milling commenced. Like
a mighty mill stone, round and round
the bewildercd creatures raced until
they were wcaricl out or recovered
| from their fright
But the cowboy. with his white,
Widc-rimmcd hat. his long leather
cattle whi,. and his Clanling spur
is now Il thing OF the past.