davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

Senator Jones, of Nevada, who ii
ranked among the ablest advocates o.
the free coinage of silver, says he does
not believe that the Sherman Silver law
can be repealed at the coming session o.
Congress, unless an agreement bt
reached upon substitute that will ado
an equal or larger amount of money
to that IN circulation. lie thinks the
greatest panic this country has ever seer
would follow its repeal without proyi
ding something to take its place. He
also thinks the present financial troub
les should be an object lesson to :he
whole world which ought to bear good
fruit.
It has been decided that the Chinese
exclusion act will be enforced to the
extent Of the ability of the government
The prosecutions will 90 on as long as
the money holds out, and that is about
all that can be done. The secretary OF
the Treasury says that be will certainly
enforce the law as to deporting Chinese
as far as the means at his disposal will
permit. He intends to begin with that
class of Chinese who are in thus country
illegally, having corne in in contraven-
ton of the law OF 1884. Having sent
this class ont of the country he will then
turn bis attention to the other and lar.
ger class, those who have failed TO com
ply with the Gearv law as to registra-
;;on. Bat $4,000 remains at the APP
preparation for the present fiscal year
to carry out this law. but $l50,00O will
be available for that purpose on July l
next. The Chinese minister has had
several conferences with Sec'y Gresham
in regard to the policy of this govern.
ment in regard to the Geary law, and as
a result of these conferences Secretary
Gresham fees that he can safely declare
that there is 10 reason to tear any troC ole
or outbreak either IN the United States
or IN China growing out Of the Chinese
law.
If the Executive has decided to rec
ommend to Congress the imposition Of
an income tax on all incomes above
$4,000 year, as has been widely stated
be has not up to this time taken his
oficia! advisers into his confidence.
One Cabinet officer, in speaking Of the
income tax proposition, SAID the tinan-
cial conditions of the country were by
no means fixed, and there might be
great changes before Congress meets.
For this reason, ii for no other, he
thonght tue probabilities We're that it
would not be until about month he.
fore Congress meets that The financial
and ecouomlc policy Of the present al
mlnlstratlon would be crystaIIzed.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

Let Jim and Charley start stew
Or soon the day'll be fallen through.
An hour OF interested observation will
teach common sense man The whole art OF
tree planting. The necessary knowledge of
figures and letters, upacquired IN youth,
comes to tue same man labnr;ously or never.
A fortnights interference with regular stud
les in preparation for Arbor Day teaches a
rcstiveness under sober duties but naught of
arborculturc. five had thickcts hereabouts
more economical mode Of grubbing might
be DEVISED Thousands of the school fund
and months of valuable time have been sac
rficcd to this invention of abece darian Off :
cialdom.*
Let the school fund be seriously applied.
As for trees, men will rear or eradicate as
their Interests dictate, mauyre the shouts of
chi 'drcn ar pcdagoglc wisdom.-.Scn'fne'S Is
New Windsor Letter.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25
THs CA7oc7IN CLAR'oN.
CHAS. E. CASSELL.
Editor and Publisher.
Thursday, May Is, 1893.


4. Any person wiaa takes a paper regularly from
che postoffice directed to his name or an
other or whether ne has subscribed or no--o re-
ulorsible for the payment
II any person orders his paper discontinued, he
she must pay all the aTearages or the publisher
ay coatiuue to send it until payment is mace
od collect the whole amount, whether the sNper IS
ken from the Office not.
No paper will be discontinued until pad up.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

Or | will send Flower Collection with
Plant Collection for April and May by En-
press not prepaid for 81, and will add cX-
trns ifby Express; or the three Collections
sent during May and June by Express no.
prepaid for $500. Price List mailed free.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25
u
PLANT COLLECTION
for y5hy and june.

1ooSweet Potato plants 20 Tomato plants,
(bc>t mixed vnriclies); 5 Egg Plants 10 Pep
per Sharp and sweet mlXcd); all post paid
for so cents.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

Ei!h'h y az of highly successful plant
raising EqrIy and Late Cahhagc, Tomatoes
Lc,'ncr, Brcts, E.g, Pepper, Sweet Potato
and Celery plants in season. Flowers, Small
Fruits Crane Vines and Strawberry Plants
These plants have heretofore given gcner
nj satisfaction. Orders solicited
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25
FLOWER COLLECTION.

9 Fine Roses, (i'ridc and Sunset y 2ViGlets,
White and B'uc (l"ublO; 4 Ncrbenas mixed;
i Porairs, mixed; 4 Grianiums, mixed 1
dJuh' Narirga,ci prlunin | llcEotropc; |
Cula Lis | beyonia; all well rooted and
Post paid for $lo0.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

In the Circuit Court for Carroll county,
Judge Roberts rendered an important dccls.
ion to the effect that the salary of school
the treasurer of the school board. The teach
er in the case had s'gncd note in which he
waived all benefits of exemption law, and on
this suit had been brought and judgment
rendered.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

Prompt and Special Attention will be civ
Ell to all claims placed IN my hands for col
lectIon. OCt2Oly
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

Commence ent exercises at Western
Maryland College will begin ON June 10TH
There are thrty-six in the graduating class
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

WILL Nor BE COERCED. D.-Rcprcscn'atiye
McKaig was informed yesterday that Pres-
dent Cleveland before promising any offices
to CongrcSsmrn inquired how they stood on
the repeal Of the Sherman silver act, Mr.
Mckag with becoming dignity declared that
no man, NO, even Il President, could coercc
him in regard to legislation. He added that
he is an ant-slvcr man from principle. but
that he would not perm, any body to drlyo
him under any consideration. - Nens.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

On Monday. Charles Hardagcn was chop
ping wood and the axe glanced striking Roy
Waggaman son of Mr. Samuel Waggnman,
OF near this place, in the foot, cutting the
third and fourth toes ON the right foot clcnr
throu III the bones. DR.. j. Kay Wriglcy
was summoned and rendered the necessary
surgical assistance "-Mr0nicle
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25
Cough

For moro than twenty-five years, !
was a sufferer from lung trouble, at
tended win coughing so severe at times
as to cause hemorrhage, the raroxyslns
frequently lasting three or four hours.
was induced to try Ayers Cherry Pee
toral, and after taking four bottles, was
thoroughly cured" - Franz Hoffman,
CLAW Centre KanS
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25
Best Cure For
All disorders Of the Throat and
Lungs is Ayers Cherry Pectoral.
1t has no equal as a cough-cure.
Bronchitis

when | was a boy, ! had a bronchial
born character, that the doctor pro-
nounced it incurablc with ordinary
remedies, but recommended me to try
Ayers Cherry Pectoral. ! did so, and
years, have used this preparation with
good effect whenever take a bad cold,
and l know of numbers of people who
keep it in the house all the time, not
considering it safe to be without II" -
j. c. Woodson, p. NJ, Forest Hill, VIVA.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

On last Friday when the horses of Mr.
Peter Shank, a well known farmer Of the
vicinity Of Bolivar, this valley, We're taken
to water, it was observed that blood was
dropping from the nose OF a blind animal
Upon investigating for the cause, the end of
dried briar stalk was found protuling from
one nostrl. The stalk was pulled out and
proved to be twenty inches long, with Il
forkcd prong six inches long, and full of
briars. The forked end of tho stalk pere
tratcd the animals nose first, and ii seems
impossible that it could have entered the
head such great distance, but the story is
vouched for bv Mr.. Shank, who sent the
bloody stick to this office. 1t is supposed to
have been in the hay of which the animal
was eating Valhy Register.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25

Mcssrs. w. p. Maulsby and Benz F. Reich
have been appointed trsutees to take charge
Of the affairs of the Frederick Stove Works,
which recently made an assignment for the
benefit of creditors
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25
la Grippe

Last spring was taken down with
la grippe. At times was completely
Frustrated, and SO difficult was my
breathing that my breast seemed as if
confined in an iron cage. procured a
bottle Of Ayers Cherry Pectoral, and
no sooner had I began taking it than
relief followed. could not believe that
the effect would be so rapid and the
cure so complete. w. II. Williams,
Cook City, S. Oak.
Catoctin clarion., 1893-05-25
Arbor Day now gins to decay :;
Or soon the day'll be fallen through.

Already here they've stopped the play,
Let lin and Charley start n stew
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
4 Notable indian Morroos

Probably the most important social
event that ever transpired in Indian 80
cieiy, on the White Mountain reserys.
ton, Was the marriage by civil rites, Of
"Nosey." San Carlos b 5, to tiuada.
lupe, Mohaye girl, the adopted dauvL.
ter Of Merejildo Griialya, Chief Of
scouts, at San Carlos on Sunday last,
Nosey. who rs man Of intelligence
speaks English huently and is an ant
imit,tor OF the white mans wsys. de.
termined to have the ceremony Der.
formed ia the highest style oil IN. ar,
Probate Judge Allison OF Globe, was pre-
vailed upon 10 ofilciate, ana the services
OF two interpreters were required 10
Translate the marriage VOWS into the In.
dian and Spanish langusges. the brid.
although toll blood Indian, hayin, but
AN imperfect knowledge of her native
tongue
The comely Guadalupe WAS rohed In
spotless white and her long flowing hair
bedeeked with flowers, while her lord,
Nosey, was scrumpiiously gotten up in =
brand new soit OF blue, with all the ap-
pendages OF modern swell, including a
white necktie, gold watch aad chain
and With his boots polished
Greater importance attaches 10 the
affair osiny to the fact that ii vas the
first marriage between Indians on the
White Mountain reservation performed
by a civil officer and where all the Iaxs
OF the territory in relation 20 marriage
were complied with Nosey is an inaius-
trions Indian, possesssd OF considerable
property and bring regularly Employed
in the Agency grist mill at salary OF
s35 per m0nih and rarions. Silver Belt.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
Beatty's Pianos and Organs.

Hon. Daniel r. Beatty, the great Or
gan and Piano manufacturer, is building
and shipping more Organs and Pianos
than ever. In 1870 Mr.. Beatty lett home
a penniless plow bow, and by his indom.
liable will he has worked his way up 80
as to sell so far, nearly 100, 900 Of Beatty's
Organs and Planes since 1870. Nothing
seems to dishearten him; obstacles laid
in his way, that would have wrecked any
ordinary man forever, he turns to an ad.
veriisement and comes out brighter than
ever. His instruments, as is well known,
are very popular and arc to be found in
all parts OF the world. We are informed
that during the next ten years he intends
TO sell 200 900 more Of his make, that
means business Of s20,000,0O0 II We
average them at 800 each. ltis already
the largest business Of the kind In exist
ence-- Send TO Daniel f. Beatty, Wash
ington, New Jersey, for Catalogue.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05

IL j. Mayors, Of OIkIand. Nd, says
II have soid thirteen bottles Of Chan.
berlsin's Cough Remedy to-day and an,
literally soid out This Ia III. larses,
sale on record Of any one preparation
10 day over Oar counters. |, gives the
best satisfaction Of soy cough medicine
we handle, and as q seller leads all
other preparations nn this market" For
sale by H. H. WATKINS, Draggist.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
4 Great sli,sr Nine to Ciose,

A Lesdville dispatch 20 the Silver City
Enterprise says: Ordsrs were received
to take out the pumps from the Maid &
Henrietta combination. The shat Is
n~arly 1000 feet deep and the pulling OF
the pumping means the entire abandon
ment OF one Of the largest silver pro-
dncers ,n the state. With IN. prospects
that the water will rise TO within 300
feet Of the surface This means that
every drift and level viii be flooded and
the property sliowe 10 droxn out. thus
making /, necessary to sink a new shaft
IL work il ever resumed
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
NOTICE.
KNGMAS, April LIST.

KINGMAS, April LIST.
Notice is hereby given that the Night
,awk mine or the owners thereof will not
oe responsible for any debts contracted
" the contractors or lessees thereon.
If. GEORGE Bowers.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
Lost on the Desert.

;" G. Armstrong and a tendertoo,
were lost for nine hours on the desert ON
sunday night. They started frem
sacalon at 4:30 p. m, and reached
Tempe after six O'Clock on Monday
morning. The distance Is scarcely
thirty'hve miles and is usually driven in
i've hours. They missed the road. when
but Twelve or fifteen miles from saca,on.
and wandered abou, until daylight. dur
ing which time the team was crowded
by the thoroughly frightened genil men.
woo'iy said they nilled, thereby making
three complete circles, arriving each
time before familiar land marx. For.
tana'ely they had big canteen we'll
hiIed with water and the novice Was
thirsty every fifteen minutes, while
Woody was at first cool and collected
soon grew ieyensh and assisted mater.
ally Ia reducing the water sapply. A,
daylight they found themselves within
hlteep miles OF Tempe aud by hreakfas,
time they reached home TIED, with
Team badly i,dsd. Woody says he
sonld no, undergo the same experience
for ~ 900, while the 9ring9 coutd no. be
induced 70 cross the desert to-day Tor y
deed TO the territory. fhealx keonbil.
can.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05

Twenty STAMPS up Al the old Vaii0fe
mine are pounding away on good
quartz rock that mskes profitable
Yield OF gold II eAptal wogsd crowd
the old mine by opening il ou., iitiing up
the great mill and working IL scientific
slly there wonid BE- many hundreds Of
thousands Of dollars come out Of it yet:
Million baVe been taken from iiland the
facts are that the rocks seem % ~ plen-
riful and TO average ~ seli a. when
those millions we're coming from u, bnt
the pump works have been DESTROYED.
water thus made scarce, the mine has
been gophered ? and the tniil SLOWED
10 20 to pieces Tue property could m.
donbtedIy be restored 10 i,s lOrmet pay
ing proposition without dou6iif il capital
would take hold Of ~ -Phenix Herald
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
SiIssr IN Bes England.

The farmers and workingmen Of New
EDgiand are in favor u silver, aud some
of the business men not against ii, a.
witness this among interviews with
prominent merchants in the Boston
Post: Mr.. w. III Brine spoke Of the
silver scare us ridiculous. and said that
a silver dollar was worth loo cents.
The government don't redeem gold
dollar at its face value, bu. by i,s
weight When the bsass supplied the
government with gold recsntIy they
we're Obliged 10 take paper ia return and
discount for gold on account oi the wear
on the norey. - Denver San Il Il
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
HEALTH and ACCIDENT INSURANCE
FIDELITY MUTUAL AID ASSN.
San Francisco, Cal.
FOR FIVE CENTS PER DAY

wiB pny you, according 20 the hazard ofyoar
occupation. IRON s.. 90 TO s25. 90 a week when
snahle to work through being accidentally hurt;
viii pay your family, B You are acei-
dentaily killed, eos. 90 10 S6JO.O0
VIII pay you so. 90 a week. when you are
sick and unable TO work. VIII pay sIO0. 90 for
your funerai expenses. II you lose band and
fot or both fed or 10th hands. IL will pay you
si3s. 0Oto $4,000.
1F INSURED, you cannot lose ALL YOUR
INCOME when you are SICK or DISABLED
by ACCIDENT.
ABsOLUTE PROTECTION TO the member
upon paving $500 lie membership fee and
dues of ~. 50 per month.
The FIpELiTV MUTUAL AID ASSOCIATION Is
rre.easinently the , argesf and strongest Ae-
cident and Heaith Association IN tho United
States.
lT HAS sc, 900. 90 cash deposits with the
States Of California and Missouri, which, together
with an ample Reserve Fund and large assets.
make its certificate an absolute guarantee OF the
Jolidjty Of its protection TO its members.
Reliable Agents Wanted. Write
j. l.. NJ. sHETTERLEY,
Secretary and General Manager.
San Pvauriseo, Cal
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05

For lame back or for a pain IN the
side or chest, try saturating piece Of
flannel with ChamberIain's Pain Balm
and binding it onto the affected parts
This treatment will cure any ordinary
case in one or two days. Pain Balm also
cures rheumatism. so cent bottles 'o'
sale by II. II. WATKINS, Druggist.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
AYERS
Cherry PectoraI

exeeis all similar preparations. II Is en-.
dorsed by lsading physieIans. is agreeable 10
the taste, does aot interfere with digestion,
and needs 20 be taken usually in small doses.
"FTom repeated tests IN my own family,
Ayers Cherry PeetoTsi has proved itself
very efficient remedy for ceids, coughs, and
the various disorders OF the throat and
lpngs."--A. W. Bartlett PittsheId- y. II.
For the last Is years have been taking
Ayers Cherry Peetarai for tHng TRUSTEES, and
am assured that It's use has A.. -. Z.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
To Whom IT Nay Concern:

The partnership heretofore existing
between myself and the White HIS
Company, r. T. Root, Trustee, in the
discovery and location Of mines, is here
by dissolved. JOHN kKEiskh'
Vanderbilt, July 81, 1893.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
AT HAND

In dangerous emergency, AYERS CHRBHY
PEcToHAL is prompt 10 act and sure 10
eurs. = dose taken ON the hrst symptoms
oi Group or bronchitis. checks further prog.
ress Oi these complaints. IL s0fIens tie
pIilegm, soothes The infianscd membrane,
ahd induces sleep. AS = remedy for COLTS,
coughs. loss Of voice. la grippe, pneamOaia,
lad even consumption, In its early stages,
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05

That order in Colora 10 silver mines %
pull up the pumps means disaster
in business in the west. II means that
millions oil dollars worth Of property
will rot before it can again be put %
nse. and that millions more Of silver will
be lett in the ground for future genera.
tions TO take out aud consume when
wanted -Phenix Herald.
Mohave County miner., 1893-08-05
WORLDS
FAIR
EDITION.
OF
THE
ARIZONA
LCl ZETTE

In its Worlds Fair
Edition." the ARIZONA
GAZETTE is now en-
gagged in the compila-
ton of the most i'm
portant publication ev-
er issued in Arizona.
1t will be a full pre-
sentation of the resour-
ces of every portion of
Arizona, thoroughly
comprehensive, up to
dete, truthful, attract
i've, compact. 1t will
not, like too many
prior publications, be
simply an advertising
sheet Of purely local
interest. 1t will be a
publication ofthe high
est class, designed pri-
marily to attract hithe-
immigrants and capi-
tel. In size it will be
about thirty-six pages,
newspaper size, and
geographically per-
feet. Illustrations con-
fined to from two to
fhree representative
views in each county,
will be OF the highest
order.
This issue should be. in
the hands of everyone
interested in the devel-
opment of Arizona.
Every citizen of the
Territory should Sc
cure a number of cop
les for distributor
abroad. !. /. /. {. E.
BY especial action of
the Board OF Worlds
Fair Managers of Ari-
zona, this publication
has been designated as
the official paper of the
Territory at the World
Fair, and by the same
body Twenty Thou
sand copies have been.
q ., t'- = y s.' g. ,r.
ordered for gratuitous
distribution to inquir-
/. !. ers at the Arizona
building. An edition
of lW, ,0o0will be print
1. C ed, the work 70 be done
in Chicago; issuance
to be about May lst.
Orders for copies
should be booked early
To ensure the most
I. widespread distaibu- i u !.
ton, the rate per copy
has been set at the low
. price of Ten Gents; on
orders Of over 900,
Eight Cents, Adver-
tising will be limited
and only a choice line
taken. Rate, $500
per inch of column.
Address all orders.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1893-06-30
NOTICE no suRsCRInERs.

TIE HERALD Publishing company will
deliver FREE to every paid up subscriber
to the daily or semi-weekly HERALD,
paid. or to every such applicant at
the counting rooms, their choice of one
of the famous Mathew Northrup vest
pocket series Cup to Date' maps of the
United States, Utah Colorado, or COM
bined Idaho, Wyoming, Oregon, Wash
ington and Montana.
These maps have become celebrated for
their wonderful accuracy and combined
fund of general information. The state
maps show all counties in seven col
ors; all railroads are not made in straight
lines as usually shown in advertisements,
but curved as they really are; all cities,
towns and villages, all mountains, lakes
and rivers, and hundreds of small towns,
not shown in postal guides or in ordinary
maps.
The historical and descriptive matter is
both highly interesting and pleasing,
dwelling on the educational, farming,
mining and manufacturing merits of each
respective state, in fact, covering COM
pletely in detail ali desirable information
pertaining to the states named. These
maps, generally conceded to be the most
valuable sup to date" publications pos
sible to obtain, will be presented FREE to
every fully paid up subscriber. new or
old, but not to delinquents. In ordering
state plainly what you want.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1893-06-30
SALT LAKE COUNTY.
A Complete Directory of the Oficials q
the County Government.

Complete Directory of the Officials of
the County Government.
The county court meets at the court
house on the first and third Mondays in
each month at 10 a. m.
Chairman-Hon. Jacob B. Blair, probate
judge; members, Herman Bamberger,
Salt Lake city; Joseph R. Morris, Salt
Lake city; John P. Cahoon, Murray; II.
V. Meloy, clerk.
Probate Judge-Jacob B. Blair.
Clerk-H. V. Meloy.
Recorder oseph Lippman.
Assessor-William j. Lynch.
Collector-F. j. Leonard.
Deputy CoIlector-H. P. Lytle.
Attorney-Walter Murphy.
Sheriff-W William Mcqueen.
Treasurer-W. p. Lynn.
Surveycr---Edwin Haviland, jr.
Superintendent of Schools-David B.
Allen.
Justices of the Peace-Salt Lake city,
First Municipal ward. Durbin S. White
horn; Second Municipal ward, Clarence
w. Hall; Third Municipal ward, John L.
Nebeker; Fourth Municipal ward, George
E. Blair; Fifth Municipal ward, ". w.
Gee.
Big Cottonwood-H. r.. Stevenson.
Bingham-B. B. Quinn and G. P. Turn
bull.
Bluffdale-W. W. Merrill.
Butler-N. a. Stacker.
Draper-John w. Smith.
East Mill Creek-Samuel Oliver.
Farmers Sam W. Tarbell.
Fort Herriman-Heber Crump.
Granite-W. Thompson, jr.
Granger-Richard Wilkins.
Hunter-William Ridd.
Little Cottonwood-C. II. Collinp.
Mill Creek-T. w. Russell.
Mountain Dell-B. Dickson.
North Point-Frank II. Rudy.
North JORDAN. B. Bringhurst.
Pleasant Green-Edward Lambert.
Riyerton-CharlesE e. Miller.
South Cottonwood-Jacop Upton.
Silver-James T. Mink.
Sandy-W. w. Wilson.
South Jordan-James A. Oliver.
Sugar House-W. G. A. Smoot, 81.
Union-H. c. Monteer.
West Jordan-Jesse Argent.
Constables-Sslt Lake city, First ma
nicipal ward, ALI Ecklund; Second mu-
nicipal ward, James W. Campbell; Third
Fourth municipal ward, w. HI. Bywater
Fifth municipal ward, G. M. Brown.
Big Cottonwood-L. 3. Howard.
Butler-M. L. Butler.
Brighton-W. e. belong.
BluffdaIe-Louis Peterson.
Bingham-Joe Bush, NJ. Shaughnessy.
Draper-W. B. Annis.
East Mill Creek-Joseph Bullough.
Farmers'-L. B. Wright.
Herriman-Heber Crane.
Granite-William j. Despair.
Granger-W. r. Potter.
Hunter-Walt Brown.
Little Cottonwood-John Dalton.
Mill Cresk-M. Rhyrerson.
Mountain Dell-Edward Laird.
North Point-Ira a. Reed.
North Jordan-J. w. Webster.
Pleasant Green-A. M. Brown.
Riverton-N. J. Christianson.
South Cottonwood-Daniel B. Jones.
Silver ohm P. Olson.
Sandy-Charles D. Rogers.
South Jordan-G. s. Beckstead.
Sugar Household Hood.
Union-Van Valkenburg.
Vest Jordan--D. r. Rateman.