Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1893-01-21
NOTES AND COMMErs.

in certain parts OF Russia, where severe
droughts cause great distress and injury. |
These droughts are ascribed to the |
gradual depreciation of the country |
along the principal rivers and to the
removal of obstacles in the river beds. |
Both these factors combine in causing |
the rain water and the melted snow to
pass off more rapidly and the low-water |
level of the rivers therefore becomes |
abnormalIy and permanently low. TO |
remedy this ponds are to be dug or built |
.up in the sources from which the rivers |
are fed, and on the plains long banks
are to be raised, against which snow
drifts will be formed The snow thus
accumulated will melt more slowly than
the thinner masses elsewhere, and will
form valuable supplement to the water
supply at the period of the year when
the droughts have hitherto obtained.
This is simply wholesale adaptation OF
practice that has long been attributed
to the provident Russian peasants, who
are in the habit of using plank walls to
intercept the snow. The banks thus
formed are said frequently to serve as
the family water supply up to the month
of August.
The average of European fortunes is
below that of England and this country.
Prince Schwartzenberg, the richest man
in Austria, with 40 square miles of
territory. was said to have left $50, 000,-
600 when he died a few years ago.
There are two or three noblemen in
Germany who own over 100 square
miles. but the largest German income is
Herr Krupp's, of $1,000, 500, and the
next a little smaller, is the income of
the Berlin Rothschid The Orleans
/ family is said to have fortune of $780,
| coo, goo II the Orleans were poorer,
the chance of seeing one of them on the
/ throne would be better The Duke of
/ Galliera, Franco italian sailway mag
nate, left SO, 600, 900 in France and
/ $15, 900, 0O0 in Italy in the past decade,
and this is by far the largest personal
1 fortune mentioned in Latin Europe Ten
wears ago VI. Leroy Beaulieu, a high
authority. estimated that in Paris, with
its $500 COZ peonle, only 5000 persons
spent over $4,000 a year. There are
probably thrice this number in New
York.
A LIFE insurance compony whose adj
vice, under the circumstances, may be
taken as sincere. tells its clients that
the golden rule in cold weather is to
keep the extremities warm. The first
and most important rule for the carrying
out of this idea is never to be tightly
shod Boots or shoes that fit closely
prevent the free circulation of the blood
by pressure: but when, on the contrary,
thew do not embrace the foot too firmly,
the space left between the shoe and the
stocking has good supply OF warm air.
The second rule is never to sit in damp
shoes. 1t is often supposed that unless
shoes are positively wet it is unnecessary
to change them while the feet are at
rest. This is great fallacy, for when
, the least dampness is absorbed into the
sole, in its evaporation it absorbs the
heat from the foot, and thus perspiration
is dangerously checked. This can easily
be proved by trying the experiment Of
| neglecting the rule. The feet will be
found cold and dainp after few minutes
, although on taking off the shoe and ex
, aiming it, it will appear to be quite
e dry
THE seamen Of the new navy are not
! the sailors the men of the navy in the
Y past were. The modern warships are
Y almost totally mastless and sailless crea
o tions. The masts are not used alone fol
: the few sails. but coigns of vantage or
4 which are bullet proof Shelters in which
4 are located the machine guns, those
death-dealing deck rakers which play
!, havoc with the crew of an enemy. The
Calling gun is in use on our war vessels
: for fighting from aloft These pieces,
L which can discharge, when required
. / 200 shots a minute, are intended to dis
= able or kill the enemy's crew. RapiC
e fire guns are not of this class. They ar,
! used to defend battle ships from thu
I rapidly moving torpedo boats. A rapid
e fire armor penetrating gun.is necessity
e and the development OF this arm of war
is fare has progressed so far that the larges
e of these pieces is six inches in caliber, i
e fired with 50 pounds of powder, pro
y jectile weighing 100 pounds and at tn
Il rate of six aimed shots minute.
r. To ALL budding and aspiring authors
70 NAV be commended the statistics con
II corning novels given in a late English
y publication. During the last six year
: l,G0O novels have been published which
l. have succeeded so far that they wer
- asked for at the Libraries About tn,
y same number were published which wer
~ not asked for aud failed. These / 60
~ books were written by 922 people, 0
- whom 80 form a company far in advanc
Of the rest, so far as popularity is con
eerned, aud 20 form a company well be
IN mind the first; 100 make up a band VIII
e have so far succeeded as to create
= small demand for their work, and tn
- others have reaped neither pecuniar
- advantage nor fame Which, bein
y summed up in figures, indicates tina
~ Of those who write ones chance Of bein
IL one Of the 20 noyeists in some q. 90
"a who succeed l. 20, and his chance q
remaining In obscu5ity and neglect
I'd represented by the fraction 32G-3JC
d. which is rather a diseouuqing certuint,
Us IN j. announced that the French raj
or way and street car. are t0 be- heated with
vi out fire There are various WAYS know
ln 10 chemistry by which heat mas d
a. generated without what is cummnnl
se known us lrg Tho practical application
"a 81 thu Lunu. I.4I.r. H.tr.s..r $500.