The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-01-30
ITEMS OF INTEREST.

RUTHERFORD B. HAYES was the only man
who ever held the position of President to die Of
heart disease. Washington expired of pneu-
monia, John Adams Of natural decline, Thomas
jefferson of chronic diarrhuea, James Madison
and James Monroe natural decline John
Quincy Adams of paralysis, Andrew jackson OF
consum ption, Martin Van Buren, of asthmatic
catarrh William H. Harrison of pleurisy, John
Tyler Of a bilious attack, James X Polk OF
fever. Willard Fillmore OF natural decline.
FRANKLIN Pierce of Inflammation OF stomach,
James Buchanan of rheumatic govt, Abraham
Lincoln assassinated. Andrew johnson paralysis,
U. S. Grant cancer, James A Garfield assassi-
mated. Chester A. Arthur Bright's disease. He
was one of three methodists to become Presi-
dent, johnson and Grant the other Two.
THE following figures from the London Elec-
triciGn, compiled by a Polish statistician, shows
the standard number Of working days per an
mum in various countries. The Inhabitants of
Central Russia. as might be expected labor
tewest days in the year, namely. 267. Then
comes Canada with go, followed by Scotland,
with 275, England 275. Portugal 2S3, Russian
Poland 2SS, Spain 800, Austria and the Russian
Baltic provinces s95, Italy 29S. Bavaria. Bel
GUM, Brazil and Luxembourg 800, Saxony
France, Finland, Wurtemburg, Switzerland,
Denmark and Norway 30., sweden 304 Prussia
and Ireland sos. United States SOC. Holland 3oS,
and Hungary 3l2. 1t will be observed from this
that, while the Canadian workingman has only
TO toll, statutably, go days out Of $685. he fire.
quently crosses the boundary line into the
United States where he is expected to labor 3Q6
days. The Irishman and the PruSsian are in
the same category. with 305 days, or 80 days
more than the Englishman or Scotchman.
A CORRESPONDENT writing from California
gives interesting observations upon the occur
renee OF butterflies at elevations much above
any noted In Europe, says Pedrsdlrs Weekly.
ut is remarkable" says he, THAT these
creatures of q summer day can fly SO far and
can bear such a degree OF cold as they do in
QrOaalDO maintain Last
while on peak of the Sierra Nevada noun
tsins, at altitude of 1900 feet, l saw butter
flies sailing lesurely about in ths air above me
with no more ado than If it had been lowland
garden. That was above the line of perpetual
snow, In climbing that peak had passed over
snow ten feet deep. at smother time
butterflies At an altitude Of Of 1900 feet
on a mountain of British Columbia, near the
southeastern frontier of Alaska. There was
pass, although high one, on the mountain.
and the butterflies were going through it to-
wards the east and seemed to be migrating.
Although these were not so high as those seen
in the Sierra Navada yet In a latitude so far
north it was surprising to SEQ them-prsctically
almost under the Arctic circle. The butterflies
were several thousand feet above the line of
perpetual snow. AS l said. they seemed to be
cross ng, all going in the same direction. Those
on the Sierra NavAda, on the other hand, ap-
peared to be flying about for their own pleasure,
not going anywhere In particular"
How were letters mailed before the invention
of the gummed envelopef The Philadelphia
Press says: We have discovered some interest
| ing facts in which are described the methods Of
sealing that have been successfully employed
from he remoteSt antiquity. The first seal
consisted of a ring that was affixed to clay or
| bole, and later TO chalk or astatca, a mixture
| OF pitch wax and plaster. The use Of wax did
| not begin to become general till the middle
| ages. Beeswax rendered yellow by time. was
| the first material used. Then came sealing
wax mixed with a white substance. Red wax
began with Louis vi, in 1l1S, and green wax
made its appearance about 1853. In the thir-
teenth century yellow. brown, black and blue
were added to the foregoing colors Black
wax is rarity net with In the seal Of the
military and religious orders Among
the anoients ring seals were used not
only for sealing letters, but also for
| sealing caskets and chests that contained
| valuable objects, and they vere even employed
| for sealing the doors OF houses and apartments.
Under the first empire people began to use
| waters, which v ere brought from Italy by the
| soldiers and officers Of the French army, These
waters were cut with punch out of thin leaf
| made OF flour. Finally, gummed envelopes
| gradually began TO replace sealing wax and
| waters nearly everywhere. The hrst envelopes
which were manufactured in England, date
| back to 1870 The machine for folding them
| was invented in 1S43 by Edwin Hill and War
rem de la Rue, and in 184e was SO improved
| by the latter that it was capable Of folding and
cumming $500 envelopes per hour. Since 1850
ths annual production Of envelopes has been
| increasing greatly. and there are now being
manufactured in Paris alone, Ooo daily.
| The largo wolf of North America is COM
monty known "a the timber or gray wolf, says
! the Forest and Stream. Il was formerly gem
| orally distributed throughout North America
| from the Arctic regions TO the tropics but has,
| OF course, disappeared frem all settled portions
| OF the country. Over the larger portion of its
| range this wolf is gray in color, but In Arctic
regions it Is white, or nearly so, while In Florida
| and some of the Gulf states and in British Co
| black form RXtatR N fhare
| red o. bay wolves. Except In its color the
wolf OF North America (oanis occidentalis) Ia
everywhere the same, but in its habits there is
| more or less difference caused by the circum-
| stances OF its environment. The wolves of the
north feed to a considerable extent on reindeer
and caribou, those of the east on deer while those
| OF the south prey on deer and on the wild hogs
which run at large throughout the pine forests
and swamps. few years ago the center of
abundance Of the gray wolf in America CORE
| sponded very closely with the center of abund-
ance OF the buffalo. Great bands of these
gaunt and ever hungry animals accompanied
| the buffalo herds, killing calves or old bulls,
| and sometimes cutting out from the herd stro +;
| young heifers, which they had little diff1cn !
| in pulling down, IL they could once separate
| them from the companionship of their fellows
| Notwithstanding the fact that ever since the
| settlement OF America the wolf has been pur-
| sued with guns, traps and poison, IL Is certain
| that no blow was ever dealt this race so severe
as the extinction OF the buffalo. Their
natural prey gone. the wolves turned
| bheH dtLoHtlOn 10 tue neruS OF the STOCK
men, and for years now their de predations have
resulted in very serious losses to rAisers of
| horses and cattle on the northern plains. They
| do not attack the herds when they are alarmed
| and closely punched together, but prowi about
| their outskirts, trying TO cut off the young
| stock, which they can easily pull down Some
| times a small baud OF wolves will round up a
| little bunch OF cattle which stand In a close
J circle, their heads outward. prepared for tho
attack. After circng about them for a short
| time, two or three Of the wolves will dash at
| the bunch. and IL they can scatter the animals
| II Is the work Of an instant only TO pull down a
| Jearling or kill two or three calves We have
aren two wolves thus destroy yearling steer
| with no greater apparent effort thAn a setter
J dog would use ia killing a cat.
"DEAR old DR., Orthodox doesn't appear 10
be a. happy IA paradise "a he ought 10 be.
True, he does look gloomy. What shall We