davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
MARKET QUOTATIONS.

NEW YORK - Flour Winter wheat, low
grades, Sl.9ttt:.. fj winter wheat, fair to fancy
S2.tbttA+i; winter wheat patents, s34Udt.UO;
Minnesota clears. S2.50Gt 3.Uj: Minnesota
straights, S:'.30syiO0; city mills S3gUioI. Rye
flour, S3toL3N. Cornmcal Yellow western,
S2.dNti.,n Rye - Western. De Wheat
No. red, store and elevator, llac; ailoat,
'l3ic; f. o. b., .-%t123sc. Options, July. .21.c;
August. ,i.Sc; September 11lsc. Corn-No2 clc-
vator, 4!'Ac. Options, July, j0ii; August,
blisc; Scptcmbcr, 5lysc. Oats No. >, 3,34Gt:ssc:
No. =, white, 4Oc; No. >, Sc; No. white,
E'c; mixed Western, iSl:s'c. Beef Fam
lily, Soala; extra mess. s7.5ods.5o. Lard
Western steam, $3.50. PORK Old mess, Sla.5o;
new mess, Sl9.Tsda0.OO. Butter State dairy. Ii
H20iac; state creamery, lG3ic: western dairy
liMldiac. Eggs State and Pennsylvania, l5Is;
western, per ease, S..5003.m. Coffee Spot
Rio No. :, l6lec. Sugar Granulatcd, $3.50
Billie. Wool-Domcstic fleece. .,6,;t!: pulled
atI3,c. Peanuts, hand picked, 6,,6ilc.
BALTIMORE-Fl our-Wcstorn super, 500
Glib; western super. extra, S24n s3.m western
super family, $3lUd3N; wn.er wheat nat
emit Si,5piu spring wheat patent, S390
tLi.2j; spring wheat straigi., S35na3 10
Wheat-No red spot, @i sftt9ttc: July, .ulsfg
'0'jc; August, ,2tl52I4c; September, 1iI,1iIIc;
steamer, No. =, red, 6ric. Milling wheat by
sample, 6Sil10;. Corn White corn by sample
5lc; yellow corn by sample, iNc. Oats-No >
white western, &c: No. =. mixed western
Bl.d:El4c. Rye No. .. SIC. Hny-Gooui TO
choice timoi thy. Sl5.ItGld.j0. Cotton Aliddling.
re-. Provisions Mess pork, Ssm; hams
l5lac; lard, refined, ll3Ic Creamery,
fancy, 2lc; creamery, fair to choice, lslb.Gc;
creamery, imitation, l8c. Eggs, l5c Coffee
Rio, fair, l'i4c; No. :, Ii 4-5c. Sugar-Gran-
ulated, 5,Sc.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
ASELF Made AMERICAN
Senator Stanford's Death Closed
a Remarkable Career.
FROM POVERTY TO FIFTY MILLIONS

Among His Public BenefnctionA Is Great
Educational Institution Endowed with
twenty Million Dollars-Profouud Hush
and Sadness at His Magnificent Mansion.
MEMO PARK, Cal, June 22-The death
OF Senator Stanford was not altogether I'M
expected Recent indications showed only
TOO plainly the inroads which disease had
made upon the erstwhile stalwart frame.
For long time he had been suffering semi.
paralysis. During the last month or two
1t had been impossible to interest him in
anything except horses. He had long been
one OF the chief breeders of blooded and
thoroughbred stock in the country.
The California legislature not being in
session, Governor Markham, being n Re.
publican, is expected to appoint n Republi
can of railroad antecedents and sympathies
to serve until the Legislature elects. The
present legislature is anti-Republican, the
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

FALL RIVER, Mass, June % = Lizzie
Borden returned with her sister to her
home on Second street after having spent
the night nj Mr.. Charles b. Holmes resi-
dence on Pine street. Miss Borden spent
IA very pleasant night and was very cheer
iul at breakfast i'll the Holmes residence
A domestic in the family house on Second
street is reported TO have said that the two
girls broke down completely when they
had entered their old home. Lawyer An
drew j. Jennings is receiving letters and
kilograms of congratulations from all parts
OF the country, and Miss Borden's mail ut
the poStoilice is very heavy The temper
of the people of the city has been changed
greatly by the verdict and there is mani
fest respect for the decision of the jury.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Next Meeting In North Car,lip,.

DETROIT, June 222.-The session of the
convention of the Junior Order of United
American Mechanics was taken up with
the election of officers for the ensuing year
as follows: National councillor, H. \.
kibbce. New Brunswick \. j.: national
vice councillor, j. q. 4. Richter, Canton,
o.; national treasurer, Adam Sohl, Balti-
more: national conductor, a. j. Solomon,
Allegheny City, Pa; national warden,
Henry w. Cole, Detroit; national inside
sentinel, DR.. j. o. Cooper, Fort Worth,
Tex; national outside sentinel, NJ J.
Farra, Philadelphia. The next annun;
meeting of the order will he held at Ashe-
vile, \. g., on the third Tuesday in June
1884.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
THE HOME RULE BILL.
Clause Four Is Now the Subject of n Very
Warm Discussion.

Clause Four Is Now the Subject of n Very
Warm Discussion.
LONDON, June 22-The debate OH clause
of the Irish home rule bill, limiting the
law making powers of the proposed Irish
Legislature, was continued in the house of
commons The debate is in the committee
of the whole, and the chairman ruled that
10 of the proposed amendments to the
clause were out of order.
n proposal made by james Parker, Lib
erill Unionist member for the Patrick Iii
vision Of Lanarkshire. to prevent the Irish
legislature from establishing n censorship
of the press, or interfering with lawful
public meetings, was then debated.
Mr. John Rigby, solicitor general, and
the Right Honorable John Morley, chief
secretary for Ireland took part in the de
bate, and their attitude Oh the amendment
drew forth an unusually warm protest
from Mr.. John Sexton, anti-Parnellite
member Of North Kerry, who declared that
members of the government in replying
seriously TO dilatory amendments were
giving an appearance of reality to these
amendments and leading the country to
suppose that the opposition was anxious
To improve the hill instead of, us was the
fact, TO wreck it,
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
THE DOWAGER LOST.
Young Duke of Sutherland Gets Posses
sion of Tittensor Chase.

LONDON, June 22.-Sir Robert Romer,
one of the justices of the chancery division
OF her maiesty's high court of justice, be-
fore whom was heard the claim of the
dowagcr Duchess of Sutherland to the
TittensOr Chase and piece of land ada
cent, granted to her by tn Duke of Suther-
land, gave judgment in the case
lie held that the leases forming the
basis of the action could not stand The
late duke OF Sutherland in granting these
leases had not regarded the interests of all
the parties entitled to consideration under
the settlement made in 1884, which was
set out in the statement of claims He
therefore dismissed the claim and ordered
that the dowager duchess pay the costs OF
the action.
This is another victory for the young
Duke of Sutherland, who, since his fnther's
death aud his succession to the title, has
fought i'll every way possible his step
mothers claims to benefit under the will
Of the late duke.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
CUT DOWN TO PLAIN FACTS.
Governor Mckinley and wife are at the

Governor Mckinley and wife are at the
Worlds fair
The political slate now has Daniel S.
Lamont down for governor of New York
Seven Spanish coins were found by a
Tennessee farmer while blowing in his field.
Twelve persons were killed by lightning
In the valley of the Mimic river, Portugal.
Senior Cana, the Chilean minister, was
formally presented to the president by the
secretary of state.
Governor Flower of New York is being
talked of as possible Democratic nominee
for the presidency.
A boy in a barn with toy pistol at Glib
son, New Brunswick, started "A fire which
left l25 families homeless.
Cholera reports from Mecca show that
from June III to June 20 there were $50
deaths from the disease in that city.
y Louisiana girl, 10 years old, has dcvel
oped remarkable strength. She can bend
n good sized bar of iron over her arm.
Consul General Patrick 4. Collins has
cxacted promises from ship owners that
every precaution would be taken to pre-
vent infection by cholera germs.
George Jordan, a white man from Deco
guam, Va, - years of age, was killed by
nh engine while shifting cars at Bennings
ID. g. He left wife aud seven children.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

CITY OF MEXICO, June 2o.-There is
much cNcitementin Catholic circles in this
city over the news that young lady
nimed Angelita. who was for long time
in Il convent and was afterward refused
admission as II nun on account of her i'll
health, is now i'll n religious trance at the
Church of San Diego. She has been lying
before the altar six consecutive days in IA
c;,taleptic state. The ignorant classes be-
licvc that the girl is Il saint, and that she
Will make wonderful revelations when she
RECEIVERS. The ,inbclievcrs assert that the
girl is an impostor and that she is paid by
the priest
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

TRENTON, June ga new complication
has arisen iii the case of Mrs. Matte &.
Shann, who is in the county ial awaiting
trial on the charge of having poisoned her
son, John Sham, the finding of whose dis
emboweied body created II sensation at
Princeton last April. Barton and Dawes.
Mrs. Shann'a counsel, have pcrcmptorily
withdrawn from the case, and Captain
Woodbury. ID. Holt of this city and ex-Sen-
ator George .. Vanderbilt of Princeton
applied to Justice Albeit to lie appointed
ns counsel for Mrs. Sham ut the county's
expense, which was refused Last Satllr-
day she received IL check for :lal. the
amount of one of tl,e insurance policies on
the life OF the son she is accused of having
poisoned
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
MONETARY CONGRESS.
Bankers and Financicrs Discuss tho Cir
culating Medium ut Chicago.


culating Medium at Chicago
CHICAGO, June 22-The extreme heat
8ept away many of the delegates from the
morning session of the congress of bankers
anu iinanciers, and which was presided
over by Hon. Charles Parsons of St Louis.
The call OF states was resumed, but many
OF the official delegates failed to respond.
Under the call of Idaho r. +. Butler pre-
sented lengthy and forcibly written paper
III favor OF free silver He said that years
ago the people had declared that resump-
ton meant ruin, and even n big political
party had placed that declaration in its
PLATFORM So they said today that free
silver meant national ruin, but this was
only bugbear. The restoration of the
value of silver would cause the gold now
bearded to be put into circulation.
The cause of silver was the cause of hui
manlty, for God created it to go hand in
hand with gold us the inseparable currency
Of mankind. Silver ought to be given a
fair chance and if it could maintain itself
at par then let it be given Il true value. If
all small bills and small gold coins were
retired Ill this country and abroad the legiti-
mate demand for silver would increase
He believed that now is the time to strike
that mankind might be liberated from the
slavery of gold which was striking ut the
vitals of every nation under the SUM- When
the call of states was resumed it was de-
veloped that 40 governors of as many states
had officially sent delegates to the congress,
and that Governor Flower of New York
was the only executive that had declined
tn do
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

DETROIT, June 22.-Nisitiug Elks with
their wives and daughters to the number
of over 900 went to Mount Clemens Oh
an excursion. On their arrival there they
participated in IL parade in their honor and
We're given tine freedom of the city The
session of the lodge WAS marked by sen
sational proceedings. Grand Exalted Ruler
Hay brought charges of INSTRUMENTATION
against Grand Secretary Allen o. Meyer,
accusing him of disobedience to his orders.
The charges raised IL storm and much bit
ter talk was indulgcd in. Finally, to make
peace, Mr.. Hay Withdrew the charges.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

majority being made up of Democrats and
Populists. The railroad interest, of course.
proposes to choose Stanford's successor
when the time comes, and already Justice
Field Is being mention in this connection.
The late Senator Leland Stanford was
born IN Watervliet, Albany county, n. Y.
on March ., 1924. He was admitted to the
bar III lS49. In 1852 he came to California
and began mining Later he entered mer-
camille pursuits. This was the foundation
OF his large fortune, which is estimated at
something more than $50, 600. 600
In 1851 he WAS elected governor of Cali
1ornla, having previously been president
OF the Central Paciiic railroad. He was
elected United States senator in 1856
In memory of his only son he gave to the
state of California 100000, 900 to be used in
founding ut Palo Alto II university.
Mr.. Stanford owned several estates in
California. One of them at Nina Tchema
county, comprises 10000 acres, $500 of
which are planted with grape bearing vines.
1t is said to be the largest vineyard in the
world.
At tho Dead Senator's Home.
Profound hush and sadness has settled
over the beautiful grounds and buildings
oil the Stanford estate. The body of the
senator lies i'll his bedroom upstairs with Il
peaceful smile on his face, which has II
peculiarly life like appearance Mrs. Stan
ford, with her brother and niece, Mrs l. II.
Taylor, are still keeping vigil Mt the bed.
side. No definite arrangements have yet
been made regarding the funeral, but it
will be from the chapel at the university.
probably OH Saturday ut O'clock
The senator's will, which was drawn uD
at the time the college at Palo Alto was
built, is now in the hands of his attorney.
aud its contents can be only matter of con-
lecture. Mr. Gage, in speaking of the mat
ter, said:
while have no positive information
regarding the terms of Senator Stnnford's
will, can give IA general idea of how he
intended TO dispose of his estate. spoke
with him many times in II confidential way
and thereby learned that his paramount
ambition was to live long enough to per-
petuate the university, and am positive that
the bulk of his property has been devoted
TO that noble project. AS to the value of
his estate L am unable to give accurate
figures, but it will run anywhere from
S4U,0OU,000 to 500, 900 900
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Eugune y.Debbs' New Order Interializiny.

CHICAGO, June IA new railroad labor
organization to embrace every branch of
service, from the locomotive engineer TO
the flagman ut grade crossings was held
III Ullich's Hall. The new organization
will in the future lie known as the Amcri-
can Railway union, and the design is to
take control OF the destines of railroad
workmen out of the hands of the old Lead
erS and place them in Il general organiza-
ton, IN which there will he no distinction
between the different CLASSES of w4rkmen.
Despite the stormy weather large gat her
ing of railroad men crowded the hall and
the proceedings were marked by much
enthusiasm
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Thrse Morc Appointments.

WASHINGTON, June 22.-Thc president
nude the following appointments: Charles
s. 1Iowry of Mississippi, to he assistant
attorney general; Benjamin H. Ridgcly of
Kentucky, to he consul OF the United
States ut Geneva, Switzerland; G. f. Mae
donald of Massachusetts. to be consul of
the United States ut Hamilton, Canada
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
The ynnberbilt Gam, rr..erv.

AsHEviLLE, y. c., June 2a-Gcorge w.
Vanderbilt has just concluded the pur-
chase of 10000 acres of land in the pink
beds section of Henderson and Transyl-
vania counties, this state. The purpose of
the purchaser is to make one of the finest
game preserves in the world Gamckeepers
are already in charge of the property and
every farmhouse Oh the estate has been
torn down. The property is only few
miles from the Vanderbilt residence here.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

PITTsBuIG, June 22.-The conference be-
tween the iron and steel sheet manufact-
nrers and the Amalgamated associati ion
committee has proven fruitless. The
Amalgamated committee have gone to
their homes. No more conferences on this
scale are likely and there seems IA strong
probability of trouble. Neither side will
talk, but enough is known to justify the
statement that the men will not accept
the reductions asked by the manufacturers
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

BALTIMORE, June :,a.-The statement of
the earnings and expenses submitted Mt
the regular monthly meeting of the direc-
tors of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
company shows an increase Of Ss7 ,5SS in
the gross earnings and Sis, 955 in net earn
ings over those of May, 1892, and is the
largest result for the month of May in the
history of the road
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Suicide of ~ we'll KNOWN ,Inn.

FREDERICK, Nd, June oo.--At Liberty,
this county, IL tailor named Frank Bowban
became Respondent and committed suicide.
He went into the garden of his house, tied
the gun to Il fence, attached string to the
trigger, fastened his foot in the string and
leaned over so that his head touched the
muZzle of the gun, gave the string jerk
and died instantly, his brains being blown
out He was rs years old, II single man and
very widely known i'll the county.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Terrific Storm In Mi,,ourl.

STANsHuRY, Mo, June ~. - 4 terrific
wind rain and hail storm struck STAINS.
bury, doing much damage to buildings
and other property. Judge Maston's house
was struck by lightning and burned. Will
liam Cummings, a farmer five miles south
west Of the city, was instantly killed
Three members of John Doyle's family, in
the same neighborhood, are reported killed
Other members of the family are seriously
l N inrl,l
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
No one KILLED, ar Iniured

DETROIT, June 22.-A fire started on
board the steam barge F. G.. Clark of
Marine City, when the boat was near Lex
ington. y passing Loaf helped extinguish
the flames and the disabled barge was
towcd 10 Port Huron. Nobody was killed
or injured as far AZ known
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Homnn Bank SCANDAL.

ROME, June 22.-In the chamber of dep
uties Signor Golejanni accused the govern
ment of forcing the Banca National TO
loan '0,G0,0O0 lire in behalf of the sus-
pended Banca Tiberna to help "a person
age who would otherwise have lost 900, 900
lire. Signor Giolitti, the prime minister,
denies the charge.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

GALVESTON, June 22--Advices have been
received from Cienfuegos, Cuba that N. r.
Rich, master of the schooner Albertine
Adou of this port had died at that place
of yellow fever. No other cases of sickness
were reported on board the vessel, and she
proceeded to the Delaware Breakwater.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
retirement of ueprv y,IIard

New YORK, June 22-The directors of
the Northern Pacific Railway company &C.
copied the resignation of Henry Willard as
president and elected Mr.. j. d. Rockefeller
to the position
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

Augusta, ,; Mobile, 1; second game
Augusta,9; Mobile, l. Charleston, q New
Orleans, D. Chattanooga, D.; Birmingham,
]. Savannah, II; Montgomery, 10. Macon.
II; Nashville, Is. Atlanta, IL; Memphis, II.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Patent Office Invs,t,r,tio,.

WASHINGTON, June 22.-The patent Office
Investigation into the alleged misuse of
patent papers by eN-COmmissionerS imonds
ard attorneys of the Bell Telephone com.
pany has commenced.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
N = = :. VIZ RoYfoIksWesternR H
SCHEDULE IN EFFECT JUNE i. 1879

SCHEDULE IN EFFECT JUNE 1, 1873
wssTnoUED, LKAvx ROANOKE DAILY.
7:oJ a. m washington and Chattanooga limited)
Tor Bristol and beyond Stops only ut Chris
tiansDnrg and RAD ford, also ut Pulaski
wythevie, GLADE Spring and Abingdon to
let OH passengers from points north and east
OF Roanoke. Pullman slecpers to New Or
leans Memphis and Nashville. Dining car
s:CO 8. m. for Radford, Pulaski, Bristol and al
intermediate stations; also for Blueaeld, Pc
cahiontss, ElkhoIn, Clinch Valley Division
to Bristol.
7:AO p. nj. for Radford, Pulaski, Bristol and Chat.
tanooga Pullman sleepcrs to Memphis via
AGO p. NJ; THE CHICAGO EXPRESS for
b,ne ai,ei PoGafohtas,, kenoya, Columbus
and Chicago. Pullman Buffet Sleeper Norfolk
to Chicigo without change.
NORTH AND BAsrBouRD. LEAVE noANokE DAILY
715 =; M for Petersburg, Richmond and
i2:2op; m. for Washington, Hagerstown, Phils
GGelphia and New York. Pullman sleeper
Roanoke to New York, via Harrisburg ant
1920 p. m. daily for Richmond and Norfolk. pu
man parlor car to Norfolk, connects Mt Lynch
b:O0 ?. m. for Buena Vista and intermediate alta
-. lions. ~ No n connections beyond.
sleeper to Norfolk and Lynchburg to Ricf
1852 p. m. washington and CHATTANOOGA linn
ited) for Washington, Hagerstown, Philadel.
phia and New York. Pullman sleepers 10
Washington via Shenandoah Junction and
Buera Vista, Basic, shenandoaf, Llray.
Shenandoah, junction. Shepherds town, An.
tietam, Grimes and st. James.
Durham Division-Leave Lynchburg Union
station) daily 710 &. m and 81, p. m. for South
: Boston and Durham and intermediate sta
ems.
Winston-Saem Division-Lesve Roanoke Union
staton) daily 6:l5 o. M and 40 D. m for
Rocky Mount, Martinsville, Wfnston.Sale
and inferno tiate stations.
For all additional information apply at ticket
Office or to W. h. BEVIII,
General Passenger Agent, Roanoke. Va.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Drowning at Petersburg.

PETERSBURG, Va, June ~ Hugh Beck.
with, u years old son of Il. II. Beckwith,
well known druggist here, was drowned
il, pond near the Central i.unatic asylum
while attempting to recover his hat, which
had fallen iuto the water. The body was
recovered.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

ELKTON, Md, June ,a.-Two fires of in
cendiary origin occurred near Elkton. The
large barn of Henry Briley was burned
The live stock was saved. The frame dwell
ing house recently erected by William
Hardness near Principle furnance was also
l,,,,,
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
Captain Cooper,s NIur,,crcr..

BALTIMORE, June 22 = Courtney and
Taylor, the colored men who are charged
with the murder of Captain Cooper at
Deals island, have engaged Joshua w.
Miles to defend them. They are locked up
at Princess Anne
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

TROY, y. ", June 22.-All arrangements
have been completed, and at 4 p. IN. Mrs.
Cleveland will press an electric button at
Gray Gables and release the molten metal
into the mould of the Columbian liberty
i...u
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23

Philadelphia, 10; Washington, II. Pitts
burg, 4; Cleveland, 5. Boston, I; Brook
lyn, ). St Louis. 8; Louisville, q. New
York, /; Baltimore ..
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-06-23
SLAYER STATUE OE COII-MnI-s

''-N'O T. VT SOh'NpoSi
mrs appropriate to the occasion. The VIII eel
revolved few times to show the thousands
watching it with straiuing eyes the motion
and safety of it.
Mr.. Ferris told how he had conceived the
idea OF having the engineering profession
represented mt the fair in striking man.
ner After months of hard work he had
thought out and planned the wheel
General Miles paid tribute to the genius
and practical worth of American engineers
Major Handy and Judge Vincent also spoke,
and then the guests were invited to take a
ride in the wheel, which was decorated with
American flags and bunting of red, white
and bl lie