The Helena independent., 1893-09-24
s.@--F-s'-ass
NEW ECONOMIES.

Economy ia tho order Of the day. 1t
is,praoticed by the manufacturer, the
railroad corporation, the merchant, the
newspaper, and in every household how
ever humble. 1t ia necessity OF the
time and for us in this now country it is
tho beginning Of new order Of things.
We have entered upon n new era, and
as rapidly as may DO we must adapt our
selves to now conditions. 1t is a good
thing for us all to be brought to this
necessity, however hard it may seem to
us at the present time. The conditions
imposed upon us will result in stmu
lating inventive genus to the utmost
saving devices will be introduced. That
people need to feel the pressure Of
necessity in order to advance in civilza-
tion all history bears witness. In re-
cent report to the state department Mr..
Mason, United States consul at Frank
fort. shows how the German manufac-
turers have at last como to compete
successfully with those Of England and
other countries in the markets OF the
world. There is u lesson for our own
country In this narrative. Tho Ger
mans have gained their supremacy by
the introduction OF economies Of every
sort. Nothing employed in manufactur-
ing goes to waste. Thus in the produc-
ton OF coke the Germans save nearly or
quite enough tar and sulphate of am
mona to pay for all the coal required
In addition, the SAND coal that makes
the coke produces gas enough to heat
the ovens, so that the coke itself costs
practically nothing. Ia lhroe typical
districts ono ton Of coal produces from
14iG to l,G72 pounds Of coke, from COO
to93.5 pounds OF tar, worth d3 cents per
hundredweight and from 1877 to 2G.i
pounds Of sulphate OF ammonia, worth
"a cents pound. In one group of
sixty ovens in Westphala, costing $lGG,-
900, the tar and ammonia produced in
one year sold for $4,000, or nearly %
per cent OF the invested capital. Forty
per cent Of tho income from the salo Of
these by-products is reckoned us clear
profit. Tho Germans nre now bogin-
ming to save bon2oie, in addition, in tho
coking process, securing from six and
one-hnlf TO fifteen pounds to the ton Of
coal. This ia valuable for the mUnufac-
ture Of an'ljne dyes.
De-. Another saving is ia tho use O" chou
fuel. In Pennsylvania It ia estimated
that ono und one-hnlr tons of anthra
cite coal ure wasted for cvory ton mar.
keted. In Germany, rs woll as il
France and Belgium, nOnouf this rcfus,
coaldust ia thrown away. Tho Gcrmut
manufacturer buys 1T AT tho rate o
81 3S per carload Of ten tons, or less thnI
"a cents per ton, md blows it by jota q
live steam into his furnaceO, "where /
burns with almost tho iierconoBe Q
crude petroleum.
ut Is by this application Of ecientih
economy to every stage of manufac
turc," observes Mr.. Mason, "tho savini
of secondary products, and tho myeu
tion OF new processes and machinery &
work most advantagoously native mate
rals, that the German iron and stoc
mAkors haye been Rblo to face withou
disaster the declining motal markets o
the pnst four years"
Contrast these saving processes wit
the waste aud extravaganza that atten
all manufacturing in this country, an
we have perhupa tho secret Of our pc
riods OF depression mad distrass. A