The Wilmington daily Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1890-1902, 1893-01-12
THE INQUISITION.
AN INSTITUTION THAT EXISTED IN
SPAIN FOR GENERATIONS.

Its Victims Are Numbered by Hundreds
Jews, Afteruard Haretio Christians
We're Tortured and Killed.
Perhaps those who have accused Chris
topher Columbus Of narrow, sectarian
| bigotry and Of cruelty have not suffl-
ciently taken into account the spirit Of
the age in which he lived. The intol-
erance, the bigotry and the merciless
cruelty of TINT time are sufficiently illus
trated i'll that most monstrous Of institu-
tions, the Spanish inquisition.
What is called the modern inquisition
was established in Spain under the reign
of Ferdinand and Isabella-sovereign
who possessed many of the elements of
greatness, and who certainly brought
Spain to high position among the ma
tions of the world. Yet it was under
the reign of these two sovereigns that
the monstrous inquisitiou was estab-
lished.
This inquisition consisted Of COM
| mission consisting of several Judges,
whose duty it was to hunt out heretics
and punish them. The primary object
of the inquisition was to extirpate
every trace of heterodoxy, and make
land where none but the orthodox could
live. 1t succeeded in its attempt, but
the history of its proceedings fur
nishes one of the most bloody mar
ratives to which the race has ever lis
tened. -s--.0--.
The attention of the inquisition was
first directed against the Jews. This
thrifty race of people then, as now,
were conspicuous for their financial i'm
portance. In the course of time many
Christians became their debtors, and it
is probable that the desire to escape
these just debts frequently occasioned
the seizure ST these unfortunate Jews
for heresy. The Christian not only did
not feel it incumbent upon himself to
pay his debts to heretics, but even all
their property was contiscated.
These Eeretics could be accused anony-
mously, and it was not considered neces-
sary to bring the accused and the ac-
cuser face to face The accused hereto
was seized without warning, conveyed
to the chambers of the inquisition and
rigidly kept from all intercourse with
the outside world. No relative or friend
to condole with him or to advise him
was permitted to come into his presence.
He was kept i'll ignorance of the charge
upon which he was incarcerated. Coun-
sci was allowed him, but this was mere
formality, for this counsel was not al
lowed to confer with him.
If the prisoner refused to confess his
guilt, or was caught In evasions or con-
tradictions, he was conveyed to the tor
ture chamber, where he was submitted
to the intenaest agony which it is pos
sible for human nerves to sustain.
Doubtless many innocent men declared
themselves guilty under this exquisite
torture in order to escape the terrible
agony. Indeed death was preferable to
the torment
The evidence upon which the heretics
were convicted seems to us entirely in
sufficient. The presumptive proofs"
says Prescott, "by which the charge of
Judaism was established against the ac.
cused are SO curious that few of them
may deserve notice. 1t was considered
good evidence of the fact if the pris-
oner wore better clothes OF cleaner linen
on the Jewish Sabbath than on other
days of the week. II he had no
fire in his house the preceding even
ing; if he sat at table with Jews,
or ate the meat Of animals slaugh-
tered by their hands, or drank
certain beverage held in much esthns.-
tion by them; ii he washed corpse in
warm water, or when dying turned his
face to the wall; or, finally, If he gave
Hebrew names to his children-a pro-
vision most whimsically cruel, since. by
law of Henry II, he was prohibited
under severe penalties from giving them
Christian names. He must have found
it difficult to extricate himself from the
horns Of this dilemma.
II the accused was found guilty, as he
usually was. he was led forth in great
ceremonial state, accompanied by pro.
cession of high ecclesiestics, submitted
TO revolving insults and ignominiously
burned at the stake.
While Torauemada was inauisitor
general, a period of eighteen years, over
10000 heretics We're burned at the stake.
nearly 1000 burned in effigy and almost
10O,OoO subjected to heavy and igno-
minions penalties This makes an av-
erase of over 5000 persons annually.
The iuanisition was at first directed
against Jews, but afterward against
heretic Christians themselves, 1t CON
tinned its awful work through many
generations, and its unfortunate victims
We're numbered by the hundred thou
sand.
The present degradation and degensr-
acy of Spain is due to this cause more
than any other. Wherever fetters are
put upon the human mind the race de-
Gays shrivels and degenerates. Whcr-
ever freedom of thought is lrQhibited
race of intellectual pygmies must neces-
sarily result. Humanity progresses
through the influence Of original minds,
which do not think along the accepted
lines Of Thought, This order OF men it
Is which leads the world up to ever
higher and higher conceptions, 10 higher
and higher planes Of living. 1t was this
kind Of men that the Spanish inqutsi-
ton could find no better use for than
burning at the stake.
So all the noblest thinkers Of Spain
Were burned, all her original thinkers
were either killed or suppressed and
only commonplace minds, which ac-
copied existing standards without in
yes1igalien and without thought, We're
spared. Ii is no wonder that Spain
dropped into an Intellectual letilargv
from which she has never revived. The
inqutsition was one Of the most colossal
mlstali"s in all history. s. Watterson
Ford III Yankee Blade.
A Phenomenon on Wheels.
The vonnE man had besn esf4ria1lv