The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1893-08-23
CANADIAN FACTS. !.
COMPARISON BETWEEN POPULATION
or TWO COUNTRIES.

Country Under british Rulc.
The area of British Columbia is nearly
six times that OF the adjoining state oil
Washington. Moreover, the population oil
the former region In 1871 was SO,ooo, whlie
that Of the latter was but 5000. On the
other hand, while In 1891 the population OF
British Columbia had expanded only 10
1900. that Of Washington had increased by
1890 10 $4,000 and is now considerably
greater. Let us now pass eastward TO the
second section OF the Canadian Pacific
which extends from Banh Hot Springs 10
Winnipeg. a distance OF s22 miles Inc
area tributary 10 this section, including
Manjtoba and five organized territories OF
Canada. Is about 500 900 square miles, or 10
times that OF the state Of New York. Yet
the nopulation Of the whole region in 1871
was only 5000, or one person to Tour
square miles. 1t must not be inferred that
the settlement Of this part OF British North
America began at a much later period than
djd that Of the contiguous states OF the
Union. The contrary Is the case
A colony OF well to do families was
planted near Winnipeg az early as ISL
Other colonies were soon afterward sent
out from England and were provided with
lands In the valley Of the Red River OF the
North. Many years elapsed before the set
Element of Minnesota began. In 1917 81.
Paul had only three families OF white IN
hsbitants. The number OF newcomers In
isso was only IS, and the total population
OF the territory of Minnesota was at that
date less than 5000. What Is the state OF
things todayf The inhabitants Of the twin
cities Of st. Paul and Minneapolis alone
outnumber those Of all Canada west OF On
tario. while the population Of Minnesota is
nearly one third as large as that OF the en-
tire Dominion. Could there be more de-
oisive proof that Canada cannot attract I'M
migration while she remains dependency
Of q European monarchy
We come next 10 the third section OF the
Oar ian Pacific, which stretches from
Winnipeg TO Sudbury in Ontario, dis
lance Of s6i miles. Contrast the popula-
ton Of the area tributary TO this section,
which does not exceed 5000, with that Of
the contiguous states of Wisconsin and
NJ. cLiean, which in 1890 had respectively
!, Ss0, $50 and 2,093,Ss9 The mineral re-
scCsues Of this region Of the Dominion are
great, but they must lie
dormant until the Canadians have perma-
nept tree access to American markets or
population to consume their own
mineral products The long winter which
provsiis along this part Of the railway and
the deep SHOWS add enormously TO the OPP
Grating expenses of the road.
Tue construction, indeed, of this section
II tho line seems TO have been a grave finan-
,ial blrDder, but 1t was defended in the OF
ava parliament by the frank avowal that
{ was unsafe to transport immigrants to
Manitoba via Sault Sto. Marie and ST. Paul,
Is before the immigrant trains could leave
It, Pam and Minneapolis they would be
deserted. and people brought from Europe
u the expense Of the government of Can
Ida would be lost forever In the United
states Much the Same thing may be said
4 tlsa fourth section of the railway, which
xtdnds from Sudbury To Ottawa, dis
anoe Il 81 miles. through sparsely set
led but heavily timbered country. Here,
again, tho mineral capabilities are of indis-
,uted value, but like those Of the third sec
ion tlty viii never DO turned to account
n tho absence OF political union with the
United States
We have now followed the Canadian Pa
.ific railway from Vancouver to Ottawa. a
distance Of 2,75O miles. How Insignificant
must be the earnings from local traffic can
10 Judged from the fact that in the whole
interval there is only one town or city,
Winnipeg, with population exceeding
200, and not more than five other towns
ontaining over 1000 inhabitants.
The fifth and sixth sections of the Cana
Iian Pacific carry us from Ottawa along
he north shores of the Ottawa and st. Law
ence rivers TO Montreal and Quebec and
hence through the northern parts Of Maine
ND the provinces Of New brunswick and
Nova Scotia To Halifax, distance Of up
ward of 1000 miles AS the fifth section
ias TO compete with the Grand Trunk rail
way, the local traffic upon it is not now
profitable and can never be more SO, seeing
hat the exodus from the province Of Que
,ec the past year has been equal to per
ent of the population, or 1900, and if con-
inued ut this rate for 10 years would
mount TO 10000 The sixth section Of
he road runs for the most part through
hinly peopled aud poor agricultural coun-
ny which, until its mineral resources are
developed, cannot pay the operating ex-
lenses Of the road.
How much hope there Is of developing
he mines under existing political condi-
ions may be estimated when we point out
hat the gain in the population OF New
3runswick and Nova Scotia between 1881
md 1901 was only III per cent. We hear
much Of the coal mines of Nova Scotia and
ape Breton. AS matter of fact, in 1890
hey produced only about 100000, tons
While the output Of the American coal mines
n the same year wss nearly l50, 0o0. 900 tons.
IN equally significant contrast is presented
n other mining industries. Pig iron has
been manufactured in Canada continuous
y for l5o years yet In 1891 only 2l,772 tons
we're produced, against nearly 100000
Oils in the United States
These statistics ought to be kept contin-
tally before the eyes Of the Canadian peo-
lie. They cannot be disputed or explained
way by the advocates of the British con-
leotion They spell despair and ruin, I'M
ess the voters Of the Dominion obey the
instinct OF self preservation and resolve to
inter- the pathway of prosperity through
'olitical union with the United States
Sew York sun.