davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02
NEW wHATCoM NOTES

Judge H. B. Williams went to Olym-
pia yesterday.
J. p. Lair will erect three residences
at the corner of II and Seventeenth
streets.
The steamer Shamrock, the only
stern wheel steamer on Lake What
com, will make her trial trip today.
G. w. Snyder, emigrant inspector of
this district, now ON special custom
house work, arrived in town yesterday
afternoon.
Landlord Collinsworth, of the Eu-
reka house, is building a dining room
and saloon adjoining the B. b. & b. c,
dining room.
The remains of the late Daisy BoyIes
failed to arrive yesterday, but are ex-
pected on the City of Seattle this morn
ing. The funeral will occur this after
noon at 2 O'Clock at the M. L. church.
Alfred Ballard, of Ferndale, who
was recently under surgical treatment
by Drs. Appieby and Markley, was
yesterday committed to the county Jail
to await the decision of the court re-
garding his sanity. He has an idea
that he must go to Ferndale and shoot
several people.
The union revival meetings are being
continued since the departure of Rev.
Brown with considerable success.
over 400 were present at the meeting
Tuesday evening. The Bible reading
this afternoon will be conducted by
Rev. w. b. Floyd, the new pastor of
the First Presbyterian church. Sub
ject, "Prove Me Now"
Efforts are now being made by the
Bellingham Bay & Eastern railroad
company to secure the payment of the
subscriptions to its right-of-way fund.
1t is understood that a meeting of the
subscribers will be held Saturday after
noon. The company has endorsed
$4,000 upon the payment of its right
of-way through New Whatcom which
was guaranteed by citizens. OF this
amount the company has received
5000 in money and lands, leaving still
due from citizens $1,000.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02
Cold weather 1. pangsrou. For children

Cold Weather Is Dangerous For Children
An idea prevails that winter weather Is
beneficial TO young children. IL the tenn
perature be below freezing point, the more
DANGEROUS 1t is for the child's health, the
colder and drier the air gets, no matter
whether the skin is kept warm or not Inc
cold, dry air initiates the respiratory 0rRAns
and Is apt 10 cause inflammation THIS
the more dangerous the younger the cnllo
Is. Cold, damp weather, with or wilnou'
rain. when the temperature Is above res ~
child be sufficiently well wrappedl-New
York Tribune
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02
HOTEL ARRIVALS

AT THE FARHAvEN-George p Domi-
nick, Tacoma; NJ Mitchell, Oregon; 3
L Palmer and wife, Tacoma; Z NJ Pos
ton, Portland: Mrs Z Cook, Butte; Mrs
Il Armstrong, Seattle; NJ Bummer,
Portland; p Larson, Seattle; J w Stew
art, Seattle; II. Fairfield, Seattle; E
w Ruff. Seattle; Peter Olsen, Seattle;
II L Weymouth and wife, Tacoma.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02
The serpent's Venom.

A physician while talking with group
Of friends remarked: 1T is common to hear
people speak about poisonous serpents. Ser
penis are never poisonous; they are venom
Gus. A poison cannot be taken internally
without bad effects; venom can. Ven
oms to be effective have to be injected di-
rectly into the circulation, and this Is the
manner in which the snakes kill. Their
venom taken internally is innocuous."-
New Orleans Times-Democrat.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02
saucy 8Iignon.

After her bath one day, when Mignon
saw that her maid had turned her back, she
began playing with the water Take your
hands out OF the water, Mignon. You
know it is forbidden to play with your
bath" said the maid. IF you had paid
attention to what you were doing, you
would not have seen me-" answered the lit
tie mink. -Brooklyn Eagle.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

Joseph w. Dorr, Margaret Dorr and
William Noffsinger, for the foreclosure
of mortgage on lot Is, block "a, town
of Blaine, on note for $223 81, with
interest and costs.
Custer Bros. have sued McGorrisk &
Rice for $24S. 20, value of goods sold
and deli Xered
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

self, without being deviated by an in
terested contemporary, you will be bet
ter prepared TO appreciate the purchas-
ing power of your hard-earned dollars.
Respectfully, PHILIP BAUM.
Groceries, flour and feed, Holly street,
New Whatcom.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

Myerlager-I'm writing new song
Rosewood What's the name Of III
Myerlsger-Chicago.
Rosewood-Great Scott, mani The air
must besomething frigbtful.- Free
Press
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

When Baby was sick, va gave her Castoria.
When she was a Child, she cried for Castoria-
When she became Miss, she chung to Castoria.
When she had Children, sbo gave them Castoris.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

haven; Wash, Postoffice, taking effect March
q, 1892:
MAIL CLOSES FOR
=. Port Townsend, Orcas, Friday Harbor
Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 4:45p.m
via boat, and Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday
and Sunday at l2:s5 p. m via Seattle.
Sedro. Anacortes, Seattle, Tacoma and
Eastern mail at 12;i5 p. m daily,
West Ferndale, Blaine and British Column
bia at l2:4S y. m, daily.
New Whatcom Electric Street Railway at
1;45 a. m. and 4;A5 ,. ~. daily except Sunday
MAIL ARRIVES FROM
Fort Townsend, Orcas, Friday Harbor,
Tuesday Thursday and Saturday at 500 a
NJ, and at $500 D. M.
Blaine. West Ferndale and British Column
bia at ;35 2. IN. daily.
Seattle, Tacoma and Eastern mail at las
y. m. daily
New Whatcom via Electric Street Railway
az 500 am. and 500 pm daily except Sunday
Fairhaven to Beach closes closes ais a. M,
and arrives at y. m. daily except Sunday.
bairbayen 10 Chuckanut closes att p. m,
Monday. Wednesday and Friday, and arrives
at q. m.
Office Hours. s n. m. 10 8 p. m. Sunday
from 10 D. IN.
S. X. KELLER. p NJ
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02
FOR RENT
SOCIETIES
YOUNG MEMS CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION
A Resort For Young Men

Open on all week days from a. M TO 10
D. III. and ON Sundays from D. m. TO 6
y. m.
Free Reading Rooms. Gymnasium and
Baths, Pariors. The rooms are supplied with
games aud "A large and varied lot OF reading
matter.
SONG AND GOSPEL SERVICES every Sunday
afternoon at o'clock.
All young men welcome. Canoe street.
New WhatcOm, Washington.
W. HAYS.
General secretary.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

TOLEMAN X. APPERSON POST NO. So
~ q. A. r.. meets every second Monday
evening Of each month ia Masonic Hall.
Visiting comrades always welcome.
u. ALvERsON, p. q.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

LNAIRHANEN LODGE No. a. +. and A.
l. NJ. Meets the second and fourth
Wednesday Ia each month at Masonic hall,
Eleventh street.
W. ID. HURLBUT, w. NJ.
MoRRIs JOINS, Secretary.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

AppePs Partisan. Enameis For the
Creation of perfect Complexion, The
favorite French Cosmetic.
AppePs Complexion Cream Rrsdi-
Gates Wrinkles, and gives to the Skin the
Appers skin Bleach, Ersdlcates all
blemishes, and discolorations Of the skin such
as Tan, Sunburn, Freck1es Swarthy aud
greasy appearance of the face.s
White, Pink and Cream shades, gives to the
lace beautiful. clear and transparent, APP
pcarance.s
AppePs Natural Blush vThe only Rouge
true TO nature, when applied 10 the face or
lips, cannot be detected, put pin two shades
Light for Blondes, Dark for Brunettes.
he Arrsl estnetie Co. Can TrsacIfee, cal
pamphlet on how to Create a complexion' fra
and goods For Sale By w.
HARDY 4 SEAMAN, Druggists, Mason Blk.
opp. "The Fairhaven,"
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

pENNETT HOSE COMPANY No. Reg
- ular meeting every first and third
Wednesday IN the month.
q. W. Mckenzie, Captain.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

A o. U. W. meets every Friday evening
"a. In the Masonic hall. All members IN
good standing are cordially invited,
WIN. HANNA Rec, +. ]. BARLOW, NJ. W.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02
FAIRHAvEN PosroFFICE
Corner of LaTrabee Avenue and TweIft
Gtraaf


Arrival and departure OF mail from Fair.
haven: Wash, Postofiice, taking effect March
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

L'AiKHAVEN LODGE K. OF p. NO.
Il Regular meeting Tuesday. D. M, at
knights or Pythias Hail, Eleventh street,
All visiting members cordially invited 70 at
tend. A. O. GRUBE o. on
F. ID. ALEXANDER x of K. aud $.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

LAfRHAvEN COURT NO. SIT. ANCIENT
j. Order Of Forresters OF America, meets
first and third Wednesdays OF each month
in X. OF +. hall. SIR. MARSHALL. G. r.
A. II. TATEMAN, Sec.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

pEGULAR CONCLAVkS OF Hesperus Com
IL mandery No holden on first and third
Tuesdays Of each month at S D. m. in Masonic
hall Visiting Sir Knights courteously in
vited. CARNI DIBBLE, 4. O.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

LNAIRHAVEN LODUE No. 70. /. o. o. v.
l. meets every Friday evening at knights
OF Pythias Han. Eleventh street,
G. l.. ERWIN. Noble Grand.
A. Nj. CnApNAN Rec. Sec.
Fairhaven herald. [volume] (Fairhaven, Wash.) 1890-????, 1893-03-02

Union COUNCIL No, 1852 Y. NJ. J., meets
~ every first and third Wednesday Of each
month al y. M, In the basement OF church
on Elk street, 4, q. MCHUGH, Pres
NJ. LENNON, Rec Sec.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09
Proposals for Bonds.

Pursuant to a resolution passed by the board
of county commissioners Of Mclean county,
jay Ill., 1885, seca s G sd the r" ee
of negotiable bonds of said county to the amount
Of twenty y-onc thousands five hundred dollars
l$2 .5O) to pay the floating Indebtedness Of said
signed, county auditor Of Nlc!can county at my
office i'll Wasllburn North Dakota. until I" o'cl'k
noon OF Monday, the 4th day of scptembcr, 1899,
in the presence of thc board Of county commits
sioncrs. Said bonds to he in the denominations
of $500 each, payable in fifteen years from date
said date of issue. Tile right to reject any or all
bids is reserved, Proposals mllSl be marked
on the envelope 'PrUpOs;ls for Bonds"
FRANK Il. WELLS, County Auditor.
Dated July 10Th, 1888.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09
State Of North Dakota, County of McLcan-

State Of North Dakota. County of McLcan-in
Pro,at Court
In the matter Of the estate of Pierre G:.rrcall,
late of 1T. Berthuld.- county of Garfield, state
Of North Dakota. deceased.
All persons having claims against said Pierre
Garre;tll. deceased. are required to exhibit the
same with the necessary vouchers. to the under
signed. the duly appointed and qualified adj
mnistrator Of said estate. at Wa>hbuln. y. d.,
in the town Of Washburn county of Mclean,
state of North Dakota, and that four months
after the first publication of this notice has been
limited. adiudged and dcrrecd by the judge Of
the county court Of tS county. as the time with
in which AL the creditors Of said deceased must
present and prove their claims a:,;inst said
estate.
Dated the 5th day # July 1893.
JOsErH rAcKINAU, Administrator,
of the estate of Pierre i;trre:ln dcrcaHcd.
First pub!ca ton on the 8, day Of July 1898.
Tvs
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09
(From Bismarck Tribune.)

(From Bismarck Tribune.)
Prof. Wheaton, who spent last week in
Mclean county, says he had fine hunt
and good time all around. He left Mr..
Loosely at Washburn and he will remain
there for several days.
Miss Annie Braithwaite will teach the
fall term of school in one of the Mclean
county schools. Miss Pearl has jun
finished three months term at Long
Lake and is at home again.
The regular term of the state supreme
court, fixed by statute for the Sd of Octo
ber, has been postponed until October 31st,
at 10 o'clock a. M. in the Security Trust
Company block, Grand Forks.
Major Makee informed the Herald that
he had received word, not officially though,
that he had the appointment of collector
of customs for the new port of entry on
the boundary line where the 500 crosses
into Canada. This is e. fat position and
worth between $25Oo and $4,000 per
annum, and the major is to be congratu-
aled.-Dunseith Herald.
The mechanics lien filed by Nugent e.
Brundage of Dawson, against the North
ern Pacific for stone, has been released,
the company having paid the claim.
Word from Vancouver, B. c., is to the
,Fo hot Eo1
of Bismarck, was married last month to
Mr.. John White, one of the leading pho
tographers of that place.
After being out just month the North
ern Pacific baggagemen are again at work.
Geo. NJ. Robinson and Chas. Staley of
Coal Harbor are down with five carloads
OF beef cattle bound for Chicago. They
will visit the fair before their return.
The Northern Pacific receivers have no.
titled Fitch & Woodmansee of Steele that
the June stone account, about $4,000,
will be paid within ten days. This will
circulate money among the farmers and
make everyone happy.
John Harold and Jos. Dietrich went out
to the latter's ranch to be absent week.
John took along hunting apparatus in
plenty and will wage war upon the ducks
and chickens in the neighborhood.
Tommy Gleason, the North Dakota
welter-weight, is in Minneapolis looking
for match with some good man. Itis
said he may arrange to meet the winner
of the MaberDobbs fight. Gleason is to
meet Kessier, with whom Dick Moore
fought recently at Fargo, on the 22d.
Five members of w. H. MERGERS survey
ing crew, who are stopping in house on
Second street, were poisoned by partak
ing of canned beef, in which there we're
germs of putrefaction. They were taken
ill shortly after breakfast, and each of
them yomited everything which was loose
within them. DR.. Smyth was called, and
under his efficient treatment the boys were
soon better.
And now Editor Quinn of the Butte
Miner is mad. Senator Tom Power re-
fused to sign the petition to the governor
of Montana for an extra session of the
legislature, and he is called traitor to
silver and the state of Montana, and will
be left out of the calculations of the silver
men in the senate henceforth.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09
Flour Seeds Sent Free To Everybody.

Flour Seeds Sent Free To Everybody. :,
The attention of our readers is called to
the attractive advertisement of S. H. Moore
d Co., publishers of The Ladies' World,
New York, in this issue of our paper. The,
offer to send their charming Ladies' Man
azine on trial 3 months for only - centss
and to each subscriber is sent free, as u
premium, 200 Varieties of choice flower
seeds, also a packet of the celebrated Eek
ford sweet peas, the most popular flower
now grown. The cpucern is thoroughly
reliable, their offer most liberal, and oEr
readers should take advantage of it. q
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09
Notice of Contest-Tilnber-C Culture
Q. S. Land Office at Bismarck Y D..

July o. 1898.
Complaint having been entered at this Office
by Walter H. LeRoy against Charles T. Glldgell
for failure tO comply with law as to timber-cll-
ture entry No. 1884, dated July 9, 1885, upon the
northeast quarter of section s, township 145,
range So, In Mclean count \ ID Hith Il view
tothe cancellation Of said en.i contestant alle.,
past abandoned said claim. and that prior to said
abandonment claimant had failed tu @':lti,ate
said land rs rcqircd by law: that The sai', tract is
now grown up to weeds and grass. the sal par
ties are hereby summoned to appear at tie Office
Of Il. II. Copeland Il notary public within and for
Mclean county. N.D.at Washburn. N.N.. on the
26th day of September, 1893. at O'Clock y. m.. to
respond and furnish testimony concerning sa'h
alleged failure. Hearing ut this office Oct. 8.
il3 at 9 u. LII. L. S NEAL. RnyiIter
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09
TEACHERS EXAMINATION.

An examination of teachers will be held
at the school house, in Washburn, N. D.,
Friday, Sept. sth, 1893. Beginning at 8
O'Clock Il. N. All teachers who have
permit must be present at this examlna
tion. LEnNAHD M. WALL1N
Co. Superintendent.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09

TAKEN UP-By the subscriber, eight
miles northeast OF Coal Harbor, ono chest
nut horse, seven years DID, branded anchor
p on left shoulder and hip.
j. j. NICHOLS,
Coal Karbor, N. D., Aug. II, 1898.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1893-09-09
R. G. Dunn & Co.'S Weekly Review.

The root of the trouble is that according
to the report of July to the comptroller
over $131 100000 of deposited moneys had
been drawn out from the national banks
in the month and probably S177,O0O,O0O
besides unknown sums from savings, state
and privat banks and during the month
since July 12 the withdraw and hoardings
m ust have been relatively even greater.
The arrest of industry goes so far that
third of the iron producers closed in the
month of July and the consumption of
iron in manufacture diminished 46 per
cent from Msy to July 1. not even this
shrlnkage stimulated the demand or sup
ported prices which remain the lowest on
record, and the furthur stoppages in Aug
ust have reduced the weekly output below
100000 tons. Copper has declined to
9A cents and lead to q cents with narrow
trade. The shoe shops are looking in vain
for furthur orders. At Fall river alone
100000 spindles stopped on Saturday.
Fargo Argus: Ialk about hurricanes,
and other disasters, but amt the eastern
states getting dose? The storm of Wed
nesday night is said to be the. most dis
astrous one on land and sea combined that
has visited that section in years. Hundreds
of lives lost, fruit crops ruined and build
ings demolished by the hundreds. Not
storm of any consequence has visited
the Northwest this year. Thank your
guiding star you reside in North Dakota.
A letter just received from A. NJ.
Tofthagen, from sondre, .Narway, states
that everything looks the same as when
he left, but times have changed; wages are
two or three times as high as they we're
twenty-five years ago. A man can now
get 50. and as high as $3.50 for weeks
work in haying time. How does that
compare with our farm hands here in this
country, whore they never get less than
81 to $1.5O a day dnring haying. Nelson
County News.
Democratic messenger., 1893-12-02

Pliny. that rare old gossipcr. tells,
among his other extraordinary stories,
that of the Bacirian method Of obtaining
gold. The sandy deserts of Bactria in
the days of that historian We're. so the
OLD man saws. literally swarming with
ants "slightly bigger than f"Ses." THESE
gigantic representatives. of the genus hy-
menoptera burruwed dr, ply into the
sandy wastes. their tunnels and galleries
often being hundreds of feet in extent.
The earth removed from these burrows
was always carried Ia the outside and
thrown up in hills remember pliny says
this "of hi.nc>s exceeding HAT Of a
palace" This debris. sand. earth. etc,
was soon found to l'e wonderfully rich
n small nuggets of gold.
The danger from the ants was greater.
however. than that from the Indians in
the early days of gold digging IN the west
crn United States, and many stories are
told of men who were literally dcvoured
in q few moments by the fierce owners
of some disturbed burrow. Some OBJ
serving old hunter at last discovered that
the giant ants slept during the hottest
hours of the day. After that the seekers
after the yellow metal only made their
incursions at the proper time. and even
then they only staid long enough in the
deserts Ia ii!l their sacks with the golden
sand, which they took home to sift at
leisure With all this precaution tho
ants often swiftly pursued the fieetest
horses, and it was only by using variors
stratagems that the invaders managed to
escape alive Louis Republic.
Democratic messenger., 1893-12-02
Mari. Au,.inc,,... Main Refuge.

There is buildins in Edgecomb. an
old square. white house, concerning
which an interesting story is told. This
tradition is that nj the time Of the French
revolution Captain Samuel Clough, the
owner of the house. who sailed Il ship
between Maine and France, was engaged
to bring To this country no less valuable
treasure than the unfortunate Queen
Marie Antoincttc. and that quantities of
rich stuifS, furniture and silver were
put aboard his ship for the use of the
exile, whose destination was 10 have been
this same house. which then stood in
Westport, il having been removed 10 the
rnainland on raft 90 years ago. 1t is
vet occupied by Captain Cloughs de-
scendants.
One circumstance which lends con-
firmation to the story Is that Il similar
legend attaches toa house III Dorchester,
Mass, the famous Swan mansion, then
owned by Colonel Swan, who spent
tied permanently in this country after
the French revolution. his house being
adorned in princely fashion. Now. Cap
tain Clough and Colonel Swan had mon
cy dealings together i'll Paris, Captain
Clough in 1894 having had a contract TO
purchase So. 900 worth of lumber for the
colonel What more likely than that
Colonel Swan, who was warm friend
of Lafayette, should have engaged the
Maine captain to aid him i'll plan of
such great importance as the attempted
rescue of the French queen. with which
he il credited: Lewiston journal.
Democratic messenger., 1893-12-02
For Injuries Strangely Suffered.

Suit TO recover damages for personal
injuries inflicted by corpse has been
brought against the Pennsylvania rail-
road by Lawyer J. Howard Morrison for
August johnson. In his statement of
claim johnson asserts that ON Aug. 22
last he was at work constructing switch
es along the line of the Trenton cutoff
railroad, which is operated by the Penn
sylvania railroad. As a rapidly moving
train was approaching him an unknown
woman attempted TO cross the track in
front of it. She was struck by the en-
gine and instantly killed.
Her lifeless body. Johnson asserts, was
thrown about 80 feet, striking him in
the face and Telling him to the earth.
He sustained broken nose and other
serious injuries, resulting i'll n spell OF
sickness, which forced him 10 spend a
considerable amount of money for doc
tors bills. Johnson asks for s.. 900 dam
Philadelphia Record.
Democratic messenger., 1893-12-02
The Battle of the Waves.

OF all the Swiss lakes the lake of Lu-
cerne has the most irregular shape, its
many bays running north to south. east
to west. Owing to these windings it is
often exposed to violent storms, but
while in one bay the waters may be
lashed into perfect fury in an adjoining
bay not a ripple will disturb the surface.
Thus, when astrong south wind blows
down the bay of Uri. the very same wind,
turned from its course by the mountains,
comes from the west from tho bay of
Buochs.
There is a point, just opposite Brunnen,
where the two sets of waves meet, and
then terrific contest ensues for mastery.
At such moment the spray is driven
into the air in vast sheets 10 height of
so feet or more.
While the battle RACES there may be
seen under the shelter of the promontory
at Treib several of the lake steamers and
a whole fleet of fishing and small boats
waiting for the tempest topass. SO yio-
lent is the motion that even on large
steamers cases of ''sca" sickness are not
unusual.
The experiences gained i'm facing such
dangers have made the boatmen of the
lake famous from the earliest times
New York Journal.