Arizona republican., 1893-06-08
NAVAL ARCHITECTURE.
-, brooklyn WIN Piow tho Seas at Rail
way Speed.

| q. brooklyn WIN Piow tho Seas at Rail-
way Speed.
Tar back in the year 1884, Capt John
rs,sson, whom we all remember as the
..g3er of the first ironclad Monitor"
..oIied for a patent on screw pro-
.,'er to be used in driving ships
s,,ugh the water. Ten years later
-, ,o,rctary of the British admiralty
shaded that body to make trial of
r. new machine in the frigate AFRO
snt' ...
The device was success. The frig-
-, went faster than others of her size
,,pg sails alone; she could move about
me water when there was no wind,
,,5 when other ships were motionless
rn anchor; and although her speed,
,,,D with the wind, was but little in
,r,sed, and the sailors growled at
,ring the ships hold filled up with
-,,.kettles and b'ilers," they had to
,ui, that she was safer in gale, and
mild 20 better than before. Popular
Wing was against the propeller, how
r.r, and it was not until 1859 that it
"a, placed in the larger ships of war.
All great inventions have to fight
Afir way, and this was no exception.
GRADUALLY came into use among mer-
liant ships, and when the naval au-
bities saw its advantages most of the
rD1sition ceased, and they decided to
nit in the greatest ship they had.
me Windsor Castle" had just been
snpeted at the royal doclyard, Penn
.ssr She was 255 feet lang. 60 feet
ride, and had three tiers of portfolios
nn for l2O guns. She was the result
tyearS of labor, and was then the
rsltest warship in the world.
Il seemed a pity to desecrate this
ybe craft by loads of coal, tons of
div machinery, hot boilers and com
any Of greasy engineers" but it
pud never do to have England's
-satest war-ship lacking in anything
al, could give her greater speed and
nHgth. Therefore it was decided to
ut the vessel in two, and lcngthcn her
gp to accommodate the machinery.
BE was sawed directly through amid
dips the stern was pushed back
E0ly.thr,c feet, and the gap built up
bid with the rest of the ship. When
De was launched the machinery was
j, ia Complete, she was 27S feet
I., and carried 20 more guns.
hnaking a report OF this great ship
Bnc French navy, Lieut.. Labrousse
rged the French also to adopt the pro-
eIer, and wrote that 1.-THE use of the
rsws as means of propulsion is far
I'm diminishing a ships sailing quail.
Is 1t is, on the contrary, capable of
EIng TO the certainties of naviga-
b."
hlg9 we find the Great Eastern"
eng the propeller, but only as an aid
her paddle-wheels In fact, for
my years thereafter, all the ocean
ianers used paddles only. The war
aR alone continued to experiment
Nth the propcllers.
Now, however, everything has
-nged in favor of the screw, and, eX-
TNnc light river boats drawing lit
EValcr, all steamers are run by pro-
aeN Boats were soon built with
spclcrS under the keel. then others
S1tw0, one on either side of the keel,
& bow three are being successfully
DRAFTED
Ia'n came the days of forced draft"
ia the lrc-rooms were closed up
-al and air was pumped in to go
a'2g up through the chimncys after
@-1' the fires into greater heat. The
s0@ worked faster, and the ships
-2'l a limit for the boilcr-roOm be-
'2sso hot that the poor iiremen could
Stay at their posts for more than
'l minutes at time. One hun
:. and siy,y-fivc degrees was the
".l heat they had to work in recent
"a u" fast United States ship Con-
The mon tainted in rrO-t of the
Sa-%s. and others were hard TO hire.
-., vas t. be done? The limit of
~ i'r ships seemed to be reached,
~, more speed was wanted.
%.Iodorc George W. Melville, of
,-'a, states navy, has solves the
=. Ie BY Designing a ship with smoke
~@ one hundred feet high. These
NE same effect as the t.ll factory
I~-..y' on land. The flrem2n do not
CH natural draft 50 oppressive,
'De,c smokestacls give steam
', That sends the great ship, with
'-'aS screws, at the rate of twenty
I'eS an hour. And, even at this
" speed, she will use SO little
mat She can run $4,000 miles, or
N around the world, without re-
~. her SUPPLY. o. Davidson, in