The record-union., 1893-10-03
FARM AND ORCHARD.
A New Discovery for Producing Eggs
Give 1t a Trial.
Veal and Pork In Normandy, France
and England-The Small Farmer
Cotton Seed-Farm Notes.

ID0 DoSb COHQ1LlOuS IOI
male must be in the yard with them. If
eggs are desired with the object of hatch
ing chicks, it is necessary to have male
with the hens, but as hens will lay as
many eggs when no males are present as
when with them, the feeding of lot of
useless males may be discarded. Recent
experiments by W. p. Wheeler, at the
New York Experiment Station, Geneva,
in which he selected four yards Of pullets,
in order to test the value of the males,
demonstrated that males are entirely un-
necessary. In fact, the pullets in yards
containing no males not only laid more
eggs than did the pullets that were with
males, but also produced eggs at less cost.
The demonstration of this fact by an
actual test will effect a revolution in the
keeping of laying hens. 1t means saw
ing of food, less disposition to quarrel,
better keeping qualities Of the eggs, and
cheapening of the cost of the eggs, as well
as a saving of the space occupied by males
which should be given to hens or pullets.
Those who desire to hatch chicks can
select a dozen of the best females and
contine them in yard with a pure bred
male. AS one male can sire a thousand
chicks in one year, it is plain that but
few males are necessary. The usual prac-
tice Is to allow one male with ten hens,
which compels the feeding of 100 males if
as many as 1000 hens are retained. The
greatest advantage derived, in addition to
the increase of eggs and the saving Of
food, labor and space, is that eggs from
hens not with males will keep three or
four times as long as will eggs from hens
that are with males. If the eggs are to be
preserved, it is detrimental to keep males
in the flocks. When it is considered that
large number of males become eXpen-
sive, and that the hens will produce more
eggs when the males are not present, and
also that the problem of preserving eggs
IS solved by keeping no males, the
farmer should hereafter make it rule to
ao away with males entirely unless
shicks are to be hatched. With the non
sitting breeds, where eggs only are de-
less member of the fG2k.-Farm and
Fireside.
VEAL AND PORK IN NORMANDY.
Meat is the most urgent necessity of the
French people. The dairy must furnish
veal. Every calf that is not needed for
the dairy is fed and fattened up to two,
three or four months, for veal, while in
America milk-fed calves are vealed at
from five to six weeks, and sell at from
$5 to S8 per head; in France they bring
from S15 to $50. The calves are fed milk
and finished off the last week with eggs
beaten up in the milk. The veal calf
must have the white of the eye of white
color to bring the best price. Such calves
produce delicate fesh-colored meat with
white fat.
England can Justly boast of her hams
and bacon, but for sweet, tender, lean
pork the Normandy pigs have no equal in
the world. They are fed largely on meat
producing food, as milk, peas, barley, rye
and wheat bran. They are not fed on
corn meal alone. They are slaughtered
at about six months. The bristles are
burned off by laying the carcass on straw
and setting it on fire. Though the car
casses come out back, they are scraped
white and clean, and dressed perfectly
while warm. 1t is believed that pigs thus
dressed keep better, and that the meat is
swee eter.
AS a rule in France generally, and in
Normandy in particular, but little atten-
tion is paid to breeding swine. The large,
white English half-breed swine are
deemed the best mothers, and are bred
up to six years. The Berkshire are not
liked so well on account or color. But
from the large majority of pigs being
pure white mixed with black, proves
that both these English breeds have been
extensively used for crossing. This is
and shorter snouts of the Normandy pigs
especiauy.-American Agriculturist.
FARM NOTES.
Turkeys should have an open shed un-
der which to roost If they are compelled
to resort to the tree limbs the result will
be a loss from disease.
Have place for every tool or imple-
ment used on the farm, and store it under
shelter during winter, first giving the
parts that are composed of iron coating
of kerosene as a protection against rust,
WbllQ rbp aO0nnnSoA ~ xUOnA oh
be well rubbed with linseed oil.
Here is an object lesson as to what may
be done with some of the by-products of
agriculture. Our present cotton seed oil
product is worth Sl6.000,0 900 year; the
oil cake $4,000 $50 more; the lint and hulls
another million. 1t is only thirty years
ago that this whole seed crop was thrown
ducts now considered as wastes which a
future generation will utilize, perhaps,
with equal profit.
Endeavoring to keep too many animals
where they cannot be made comfortable
for room is one Of the leaks on the farm.
II is more profitable to adapt the stock to
the farm than to attempt to adapt the
farm to the stock.
The first beginning in teaching the boy
TO prefer farming is to get him interested.
Give him few bantam fowls, and allow
him 10 manage the flock and have the
proceeds. He will be pleased with them
as pets, and as he becomes larger he will
gradually take an interest in other stock,
especially if he is permitted to grow the
food Tor his pets on small plot of
ground.
Everyone who deals with the bull in
any way should be constantly on his
guard. The bull cannot be depended
upon. He is treacherous as well as dan
gerous, and is even more likely to attack
his best friend than he is to assail his
worst enemy.-American Farmer.
The small farmer will be greater factor
in our agriculture during the next gener-
alton than he has in the past. We are de-
veloping wide area of lands which will
be cultivated by irrigation. Irrigated
land is too valuable TO handle carelessly
or to devote to any products except those
which will make large money return
an acre. Small farmers will settle upon
these lands. and, taking a few acres each,
make garden farm of their holdings.
Good straw is always worth taking care
Of. Rye straw is the only sort we should
advise selling off the farm, and that only
because the price obtainable will usually
enable one TO buy some fertilizing mate
rial to offset the loss occasioned by re-
moving the straw. But oat and wheat
straw will pay better to use al home, in
feeding or bedding. or both.
The best quality of meat is secured
from pig and not from hog. There
fore we should crowd our pigs from birth
so as to get them fit for market at the
earliest possible age-six months.
a tree or plant obtains its subsistence
largely from the rootlets, in small fibrous
roots. These delicate and tender organs
are endowed with wonderful strength
and persistence. In their search for food
hard soils and sometimes even soft rocks
are penetrated by them.