The sun., 1893-11-02
THE PERSONNEL IN FOREIGN NApIEs.
What II Going On in Austria. England.
France, Gcrmany. ItnIy. and Ru.sin.

| !
Frnnce, Germany. Italy, and Russia.
WASHINGTON. Nov. 1.-The information com
piled by Lieut. j. c. Colwell for the ONCE OF
| Naval Intelligence on the personnel and ad-
ministration OF the leading European navies
| has a certain tmeliness here in view OF the
| current efforts to improve our own navy In
| these respects. Commodore Ramsay has shown
the need that exists OF increasing tho enlisted
strength of the navy In order to meet tho de-
| mands for manning the new ships. while the
need Of doing something to improve the sys-
tenn Of promotion among officers is vcry gem
orally conceded.
We find that in Austria the enlisted force for
the current year is 1893 petty officers and
mon. which is less than our own. The OIL
| cial force includes $40 sea officers. 1876 cadets.
chaplains. and 50 surgeons. together with ~
ship building and ~ engine building enGi-
noers. and also 10 naval ordnance, q civil
and electrical engineers. . chemists, 80 on
rineers tmaschinisten) for service aloat. 157
paymastcrs 3 photographers. and % profcs-
sors. Tho enlisted force Earrisons the naval
forts besides manning the ships Of tho navy.
anu Is divided into companies.
En..!and's current estimates provide for n
continued increase in tho personnel and tho
force available for sen service was increased
In them by 1900 men. Taking the various
classes togc her. there arc .4'3 officers and
men Immediately available for set service.
n2OI. including boys on training ships some
pensioners. and so on. not thus available. and
~ i n 5n ths regular available reserves Tho
the number OF i.cutenants. now S4l. is In
adequate to the duties required Of that grade.
made. The average service o; sub -Lieuten-
ants in that grade before, promotion during
years. The optional retireme Mt OF Lieutenants
az ~ Years Is still susDended and n dearth
OF engineers has caused the suspension
OF Optional retirementS in that corps also.
chiet engineers and engineers hcing required
TO setve unit! 50 years OF ago instead of bons
ber OF chief engineers is to be increased hy
thirty within the next three years. the number
reduced, The total number OF engineers in
the service is Iin with rank, from assistant
eihgihGers OreLatiHe RANK ot sub Lieutenant 70
OF Captain
The French budget for 1894 shows slight
increase OF the force ailoat ami immed lately
available. The military branch or line officers
is maintained ut the same strength. l.SlO.
2lO to 2i1: and will ultimately reach :i2i under
the law. The Marine Corps and artillery have
both been increased. and they constitute q
marine army CORPS. the infantry being dstri-
buted into four brigades Ioi two regiments
each. The entire naval force Is called the sea
those afloat and ashore. GS.0lO for this year.
and 7l.O7l FOR 1894. In al! there arc afont on
ginecrs. ~ paymasters. ~ surgeons. chap
lains. naval constructors (i.gt e,nE d,i gt,e
mdrdhnr! and l:.SUO men. This force is to he
Increased by lS3i to SS:i officers OF the line. III
engineers. 0S paymusters SO surgeons. chap
lains. 5naval constructors. and 2O.l3S mon.
Germany makes an increase in all branches
OF her personnel over the numbers provided
for in l&'2-'o3. The total for the current year
includes l.O23 officers and S.4G9 men. the
former comprising GAG sea officers lse- off,
orI sier 15 enS9esrs 40 marine in'antry g
pay corps. Is torpedo corps. und - torpedo
miners, The sailor artillery is organized in
three divisions OF four. three. and four com
panies, stationed at Fricdrichsort. Wilhelms-
haven. and Lehe. The marine infantry are at
hie and Wilhelmshaven. ae are the two dock
Italy has established new organization for
its Navy Dennrtment under the royal decree
Of May T., 1895. The budget for the year Sn3-
~ provides for slight increase of officers.
giving 75o line officers, "A constructors. 2O4
engineers and so on.
:, Russia has. in her, actual force. varying n
little from the legal limit General Admiral.
,Admirals. Is Vice. .Admirals. % Rear1Ad-
mirals. n Cantnins first rank. l:,5 Captnins
second rank. 113 Eieutenants 3l1 milship-
men-a total OF l.245. She has no fewer than
o1 officers in her corps OF shipbuildinG en-
Cineers. while her corps of mechanical engi-
neers includes 40 for shore duty and 25l for
sea duty. the nctual strength being 2S4. There
is no pay corps.
A comparison shcw that our officers. on tho
ave5age and ar" odeF than thoss OF austra Eng
responding grades but tho French scrvic.
averages older than the others Just mentioned
Again. in our service retirement for age Is
liked at ". but in tho other services it occurs
at earlier periods. II an officer has not risen
above certain grades.
OF foreign powers and our own are very great
In all respects: but 1t is worth noting that they
increase their personnel year after year. rs
circumstances demand. whereas it is very DIFF
hcult TO secure any changes OF consequence in
ours. The increase in the number OF naval
APPRENTICES Is perhaps the chief one OF late