davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call., 1893-12-05
VARIOUS ENTANGLEMENTS.

M ore than nfteen years ago this Government
preferred claim against Spain In behalf OF one
of our citizens for property seized and confis-
Gated in Cuba. In 1886 the claim was adjusted.
Spain agreeing TO pay Internationally as fair
indemnify S1,500,000. respectful but
earnest n ote was recently addressed TO the
Spanish Government Insisting upon the prompt
fulflimenf of its long neglected obligation
Other claims preferred by the United States
against Spain in behalf OF American citizens
for property coDfscated In Cuba have been
pending Tor many years. At the time SpaiD's
title TO tile Caroline Islands was confirmed by
arbitration that Government agreed that the
rights which have been acquired here by
American missionaries should be recognized
and resp cted. II is sincerely hoped that this
plan Will bt observed by allowing our mission
dries, who were removed from Ponape to a
place OF safety by a United States warship
during the late trouble between the Spanish
garrison aud tie nalives, TO retu to their field
OF usefulness.
The reproduced caravel Santa Maria, built by
Spain and sent TO the Columbian Exposition.
has been presented TO the United States in
token OF amty and In commemoraiion of the
mend that In accepting this gift Congress make
grateful recognition OF The sincere friendship
which prompted IL.
Important matters have demanded attention
IN our relations with IN Ottoman Porte. The
hiring and pa rtial destruction by an unre-
strained mob OF one of the school buildings of
Ana oily College, established by citizens OF the
Unltec States at MarsOvau. and the apparent
indinerence OF the Turkish Government TO the
outrage. notwithstanding The completely OF
sfraiion, which was followed by promises OF
reparatl0n and punishment of the offenders
Indemnity for the injury and per mis- sion to re-
build have been given, the registration OF tho
The morning call., 1893-12-05
THE HAWAIIAN MIDDLE.

1t Is hardly necessary for me to state that the
questions arising from our relations with
Hawaii have caused serious embarrassment.
just prior to the installation of The present ad-
ministration the existing Government of Hawaii
had been suddenly overthrown and a reaty OF
annexation had been negotiated between the
Provisional Government of the islands and the
United States and submitted TO the SEN
ate for ratification. This treaty / with
drew for examination and dispatched Hon.
James ii. Blount OF Georgia 10 Homo
lulu as a special commissioner to make
an impartial investigation OF the circumstances
attending the change OF government and OF all
the conditions airing upon the subject of the
treaty. After thorough and exhaustive ex-
animation Mr. BlOunt submitted TO me his re-
port showing beyond all question that the
Constitutional Government of Hawaii had been
subverted with the &C i've aid of our reDresen-
tatve TO that Government, and through the In
limitation caused by the presence Of an armed
naval force of the United States, which was
landed for that purpose at the instance of our
Minister Upon the facts developed IL seemed
10 me that the only honorable course for our
Government TO pursue was to undo the wrong
that had been done by thosr representing US
and 10 restore as far as practicable the stRiuS
existing at the time of our forcible Intervention.
With view OF accomplishing lnis result within
the constitutional limits OF tile executive power,
and recognizing ali our obligations ana respou-
slolllties growing out OF any changed conditions
brought about by our uDjustitiable intei ference
our present Minister at Honolulu has received
appropriate instructions to that end. Thus far
no Information OF the accomplishment OF any
definite results has been received from him.
Additional advices are soon expected and
whrn r. ceived they will be promptly sent 10
Congress, together with all other informa-
tton at hanu aud accompanied by a special
executive message fully detailing the acts
necessary to comLlete understanding OF the
case and presenting history OF ali the ma
teriai events leading up TO the present situ-
The morning call., 1893-12-05
NICARAGUA CANAL.

Nicaragua has rec canty passed through two
revolutions, the party at first successful having
In turn been displaced by another Our newly
appointed Minister, by his timely good efforts,
aide1 in peaceful adjustment of the contro-
versy involved in the first conflict The large
American interests established in that country
in connection with the Nicaragua canal were
not molested.
Ihe canal company has, unfortuna tely be-
came financially riOusly embarrassed, but a
generous treatment has been extended 10 IL by
the Government of Nicaragua. The United
States Is especially interested in the success
ful achievement OF the vast undertaking this
company has IN charge. That it should be ac-
compllshed under distinctiyeIy American aus
lices and its enjoyment assured not only TO the
vessels OF this country as a chanue of CONNER.
clal communication between our Atlantic and
Pacihc seaboards, but 10 Ihr ships of the world
In The Interests OF civilization, is proposition
which In my judgment does not admit Of ques-
ton.
Guatemala has also been visited by the politi-
cal viclssitudes which have afflicted her Central
American neighbors, but the dissolution of It's
Legislature and the proclamation OF dictator
ship have been unattend by civil war.
An extradltion treaty with Norway has re-
Gently been exchanged and proclaimed. The
extradltiOn treaty with Russia, signed IN March.
1887, and amended and confirmed by the Sem
ate IN February last, was duly proclaimed last
The morning call., 1893-12-05
JUSTICE TO THE INDIANS.

The condition of the Indians aud their ulti.
maie fate are subjects which are related to
a sacred duty of the Government, and which
strongly appeal to b sense OF justice and The
sympathy Of our people. Our Indians number
about las, 900, most OF them relocated ou 161
reservations containing S6,1I5.5S1 acres of
land, About 10000 of these Indians have
to large degree adopted civilized customs.
Lands In several Territories have been allo ted
TO many OF them. and such allotments have
been made TO 10000 individuals during the
last fiscal year. embracing about 100000
acres.
The number of Indian schools opened during
the year was 1876, an increase of twelve over
the period Of the preceding year. OF this total
ITO were on reservations, OF which 73 were
boar ding schools and 81 were day schools
Twenty boarding-schools and day schools sup
ported by the Government were not located on
reservations. The total number of Indian
children enrolled during the year as attending
all schools was 21,31S, an increase OF 1881
over the enrolment for the pr yious year.
am sure that secular education and moral and
religious eaching must be important factors In
any effort 10 save the Indian and lead him to
civilization. believe. TOO. that the rellnquisn-
| ment of tribal relations and the holding OF land
IN severalty may, under favorable conditions,
aid this cOnsummation.
1t seems to me, however, that the alIotments
| of land in severaity ought to be made with
| greater circumspection Ii hastily done, before
the Indian knows Its meaning, and while vet he
has little or no idea of tilling farm and no
conception OF thrift there Is great danger that
reservation life In tribal relations may be ex-
changed tor the pauperism of civilization in-
stead of it Independence and ELEVATION. The
solution of The Indian problem depends largely
on good administration The personal fitness
OF agents and their adaptabllity to the peculiar
duty of caring for their wards is OF the utmost
importance.
Th law providing that, except in special
cases. army officers shall be detailed az Indian
agents, IL is hoped, will prove successful ex-
pertinent. There Is danger of great abuses
creeping into ths prosecution OF claims for In-
dian depreda Ions, aud recommend that every
possible safeguard be provided against the
enforcement OF unjust and fictitious claims of
this description. The appropriations on ac-
count of Indian claims before The year ending
June 80, 1894, amounted 10 1854. .962 90, a
decrease, as compared with the year preceding
H. of S3S7l3l a.
The morning call., 1893-12-05
OPPOSED BY CHINESE.

The legislation OF last year, known as the
Geary law, requiring the registration OF all
Chinese la5orers entitled TO residence In the
United States and the deportation OF all not
complying with the provisions of the act within
the Time prescribed, met with much opposition
from Cinnamon In this country. Acting upon
the advice or eminent counseI that the law was
unconstitutional, the great mass of Chinese
laborers. penddg judicial inquiry as TO its
validity, IN good faith declined to apply for
their certificates required by its provisions. A
test upon proceedings by habeas cor pus was
brought before the supreme Court, and on May
10, 1888, decision was made by that tribunal
sustaining the law.
Ii Is believed that under the recent amend
ment OF the act extending the time for regis
tratlon, The Chinese iaborers thereto entitled
who desire to reside in this country will now
avail themselves OF the renewed privilege thus
Afforded OF establishing by lawful procedure
Their right 10 remain, and hat thereby the ne
cessity Of enforced deportation may 10 a great
degree be avoided.
Ii has devolVed upon the United States Min
lister at Pekng. as dean OF the diplomatic body
and In the absence of a rep esentalive of Swe-
den and No way, TO press upon the Chinese
Government reparation for the rec mt murder
OF Swedish missionaries at Sung Pu. This
question is of vital interest all count ries
whose citizens are engaged 10 missionary work
In the In eiior of China,
The morning call., 1893-12-05
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.

The continued Intelligent execution OF the
civil service law and the increasing approval
by the people Of It's operation are most gratify-
ing The recent extension OF its limitations
aud regulations to the employees of free delly.
cry post Offices which has been honestly and
promptly accomplished by the commission with
the hearty coop ration OF the Postmaster-Gen-
eral is an Immensely important advance in the
usefulness OF the system. / am If pOssbe
more than ever convinced of the incalculable
benefits conferred by The civil service law not
only In It's effect upon the public service, but
aiso aud what Is even more important in It's
effect in elevatipg the tone OF political life gen
orally.
Tue course OF civIl service reform in this
country instructiveiy and Interestingly Illus
trates how strong a hold a movement gains
npon or people which has underlying 1t a SEN
timen OF justice and right and which at the
same time promises tn better administration
OF their Government. The law embodyiDg
thls reform found Its way to our atute-book
morr from fear OF the popular sentiment exist
Ing 10 ITS i'vor than from any love for The re-
lo M Itself on he part OF legislators, and 1t has
lived and grown and fourished in spite OF the
covert and open hostility of spoilsmen and not
withstanding the querulous impracticability OF
many selI-constituted guardians. Beneath all
The morning call., 1893-12-05
FOREIGN RELATIONS.

By article XII Of the general act of the Brus-
sells conference, signed July 2, 1890. for the
suppression OF the slave trade and the restric
tion OF certain injuries to commerce IN the In
dependent States OF the Congo ana the adjacent
State OF Central Africa the United States and
other sgnatory powers agreed 10 adopt appro-
pirate means for the punishment of persons
selling arms and ammunition to the natives
and for the confiscatlon OF inhibited articles it
being the plain duty OF this Government TO aid
In suppressing the nefarious traffic, impairng
as II does the praiseworthy and cviliZing efforts
now going forward 10 that region. l recon-
mend mat an act be passed prohibiting the sale
oI arms and intoXicaDts TO natives In the regu-
iated zone by our citizens.
costa Riea has lately testified its friendliness
ny surfenoeung TO the Uniied States, In the alb
eehce OF convention of extradilion. but upon
uuIy submitted evidence of cTiminality, a noted
fugitive from justice. IL is trusled mat the
nesotiaiion oil treaty with that country, 10
Ineei occurring cases of this kind, will soon be
accomplishing. In my opinion treaties for reel.
pfocdi felatlOns SHOULD be concluded with all
tbose countries with which the United States
mas nol ALREADY conventional arrangements OF
tnat character. have not deemed II fitting to
express 10 Tue G0pernmenis of Costa Rica and
COLOMBIA lhe kindly desire OF the United States
10 see tbeir tending boundary DISPUTE finally
closed oy arbitration In conformity with the
spirit OF the treaty concluded between them
some years ago.
Our relations with the French republic con.
hnne to be Intimate and cordial. / sincerely
The morning call., 1893-12-05
AFFAIRS IN SAMOA.

Led by desire to compose differences and
contribute TO the restoration OF order in Samoa
which for some years previous had been the
scene OF conflicting foreign pretensions and
native strife, the United States. departing from
its policy cOnsecrated by century OF observ-
aDce, entered four years ago into the treaty of
Berlin. thus becoming jointly bound with Eng.
land and Germany to establish and maintain
Malietoa Laupepa as King OF Samoa. The
treaty provides for a foreign court of
justice, municipal council for the dis
trict OF Apia, with foreign president
thereof authorized to advise the King,
tribunal for the settlement OF native and
foreign land titles, and revenue system for
the kingdom. entailed upon the three
powers the payment or that part of tn
cost OF the new government not met by the
revenue OF the Islands. Early In the life OF this
triple prOtecorate the native dissensions 1t was
designed TO quel revived, and the rebels defed
The authori OF the new King, refusing to paw
taxes aud demanding the election OF a ruler by
native suffrage Mataafa. an .asprant to the
throne, and large number OF his native ad-
beients were in open rebellion on one of
the Islands. Quite lately. at the re-
quest OF the other powers, and In fulfllment
OF It's treaty obligation, this Government agreed
10 unite 10 a joint military movement OF such
dimensions as would probably secure the sur.
render OF the insurgents without bIoodshed
,.il Inc warship Fblladelphia Was accordingly put
under orders foT Samoa, but before she arrived
The Threatened conflict was precipitated by
hing MalletoaS attack upon the insurgent
camp Mataala was defeated and a number OF
men Killed. lhe British and German vessels
present subsequently secured the surrender OF
nj taafa and his adherents. The defeated chief
and ten OF his principal supporters were de-
ported to German island of the Marshal
group, where they are held as prisoners under
the Joint responsibility and cost OF the three
powers.
This incident and he events leading up to it
signaliy illustrate the impoicy Of entangling
alliances with foreign powers.
The morning call., 1893-12-05
school properly In the name of the American
owners secured and efficient protection guaran-

school properly In the name Of the American
owners secured and efficient protection guaran-
teed.
Information received OF the maltr eatment
suffered by an iDoffeDsive American woman,
engaged In missionary work In Turkish kur-
dlstail, was followed by such representations
10 tie Forte as resulted in the issuance OF
orders Tor the punishment OF her assailants,
the removal OF a delinquent official and the
adoptlon OF measures foi he protection or our
citizens engaged In missions and other lawful
work 10 that quarter. Turkey COMPLAINS that
her Armenian subjects obtain citizenship in
this country. mol TO identity themselves in good
faith with our people, but with the iut ntiOn OF
returning 10 he land OF their birth and there
engage In sediiOn.
This complaint is not wholly without fouDda-
tou. A journal published 10 this country In
the Armenian language openly cOunsels its
readers TO arm, organize and participate 10
movement for the subve,sion OF Turkisb au-
thoriiy In the Asiatic provinces. The Ottoman
Government has announc lis Intention to
expel from Its dominion Armenians who have
ooi aimed GENERALIZATION in the United States
since 1868. The right 10 exclude any or all
classes OF aliens Is an attribute or sovereignty.
Ii Is right asserted aud, TO a limited extent,
enforced by the United States with the sane
tlon or our highest courts
Ihefe being no naturalization treaty between
the Uniied States and Turkey. our Minister at
ConstantinoDie mas been Instructed that. while
recognizing the righi'of the Government 10 en-
force Its declared policy against naturaiized
Amerlc u Armenians, he Is expected TO pro-
teeI them from unnecessary harsh Treatment.
In view OF the impaired financial resources
OF VENEZUELA consequent upon The recent reyo-
luton there, a modified Arrangement for The
satisfaction of the awards OF the late Ad-
visory Claims Commission, In progressive IN
sallments, has beeh dssented te. and payments
are being regularly made Hereunder.
The boundary dispute between Venezuela
aud British Guiana is yet unadjusted. resto-
ration OF Diplomatic Intercourse between that
republic and Great Britain and the reference Of
the question TO Impartial al btration would be
most gratifying consummatlon. The raIifch-
tion by Venezuela OF the convention Tor the
arbitration of the iODg-deferied claim Of the
VeneZulan Transportation Company Is awaited.
The morning call., 1893-12-05
PUBLIC LAND.

The vast areas Of land which, but short
time ago, constituted the public domain, are
rapidly falling into private hands. 1t Is certain
that in that transfer the benencent intention OF
the Government TO supply from It's domains
homes o the industrious ana worthy home
steaders is often frustrated through the sp Gu
lator, who stands with extortionate purpose
between the land office and those who. with
their families, are invited by the Cove, ument
10 settle on the public lano. This speculator Is
a despicable character. who ought not To be
tolerated; YET II Is difficult 10 thwart his
schemes. The recent opening to settlement OF
the lands In the Cherokee outlet, embracing an
area of 100000 acres. notwithstanding the ut
most care ia framing the regulations governing
the selection OF locations, and Notwithstanding
the presence of United States troops, furnished
an exhibition, though In modified degree, of
The morning call., 1893-12-05
OLNEY'S REPORT.

The report OF the Attorney General contains
the usual summary of The affairs and proceed
ings OF the Department of Justice for the past
year, together with certain recommendations
as TO needed legislation on various subjects.
cannot too heartily indorse the proposition that
the fee system as applicable to the compensa-
tion OF Unitrd States attorneys, marshals.
clerks, officials OF courts and United States
Commissioners. should b. abolished with as
little delay as possible. 1t is clearly in the In
terest OF the community that the busi
ness OF the courts, both civil ana crimi-
nal, shall be as small and as inexpeDsively
transactedIas the ends OF justice will allow.
That system, therefore, Is thoroughly vicious
which makes th- conversation OF court OIL
Gals depend upon the volume OF such business.
and thus creates 4 conflict between proper
execution OF the law and private gain which
cannot fail 10 be dangerous to he rights and
freedom of the citizens ana forms an irressti-
bic temptation 10 he unjnstiiiable expenditure
of public funds IL lin addition TO this reform
another was iDaugurated which would give 10
United States Commissioners the final disposi-
ton of petty offenses hin the grade of misde-
meanors, and especially those coming under
the internal revenue laws great advance
would be made toward a more decent admins
tration OF the criminal law.
In my first message to Congress, dated De-
cember 8, 1885, strongly recommended these
changes, and referred somewhat at length to
the evils OF the Zee system. Since that time the
criminal business OF The Federal courts and the
expense att nding it have enormously In
Cie&Seu lDc nuInDef OF criminal prOSccutlOuS
pending in the Circuit and District courts OF
the United States on the 1t day OF July, 1885,
was 3S08, OF which 1884 were for violations
of the internal revenue laws, while the number
OF such prosecutions pending on the l st day OF
July, 1883, was 4200, all OF which were for
violation OF the internal revenue laws. The
expenses OF the Unitrd States courts. exclusive
OF Judges salaries. and for ,he year ending July
/, 1885. were S2,S74.753 IL. and for the year
ending July l, 1898, S4,528.656 81. IL Is
therefore apparent that the reasons given In
1885 for change in the manner OF enforcing
the Federal criminal law have gained cogeney
and strength by the lapse of time.
also heartily join the Attorney-General In
recommending legislalion fixing the grees OF
the crime OF murder within the Federal juris-
dction as has been done in many of the State,
authorizing wrts of error on behalf of the Gov
eminent in cases where final judgment is rem
defed against he sufficiency OF au indictment
or against the Government upon any other
question rising before actual trial, limiting the
right OF review in cases OF felony punishable
only by fac and Imprisonment to the Circuit
Court OF Appeals aud making speedy provision
for the construction OF such prisons and refor-
matories as may be necessary for the conhne-
ment OF United States cOnvIcts.
The morning call., 1893-12-05
ECONOMY IN THE NAVY.

The report OF the Secretary of the Navy con-
tans history of the operations of his depart
ment during The past year aud exhibits most
gratifying condition of the personnel of our
navy. He presents satisfactory account of
the progress which has been made In the con-
strucIion of vessels, and makes a number of
recommendations 10 which attention Is es-
peclay invited.
During the past six months the demands for
cruising vessels have been many and frequent
There have been revolutions calling for v, ssels
10 protect american interests In Nicaragua
Guatemala, Costa Rica, Honduras, Argentine
aud Brazil. while the condition OF affairs In
Honolulu has required the constant presence
thele OF one or more ships. With all these
calls upon our navy IL became necessary In
order To make up sufficient fleet to patrol The
bering sea under the mOdus vivendi agreed
upon win Great B.iiain 10 detail TO hat SER
vice Que vessel from the Fish Commission aud
three from the ievenue marine.
ffoRtess In the cons ruction OF new vess els
mas not been AS rapid as was Anticipated.
ere nave been delays In the completion
OF unaimored vessels; but for the most part
tney nave Oeen such as are constantly occur.
ring, even 10 countries having The largest ex-
pellehce IN naval ship-buiding, The most
serious delays, however. have been in the work
upon armored ships. The trouble has been in
tne Ialiufe ni contractors TO deliver armor as
agreed Ihe difhculties seem now, however.
10 have been ali overcome, and armor is being
oehvereo Win satisfactory pr0mptness. AS .
The morning call., 1893-12-05
IMMIGRATION AND QUARANTINE.

The Superintendent of Immigration, through
the Secretary OF the treasury, reports that
during the last fiscal year there arrived at our
ports 44O 790 immigrants. OF these 1908 were
not permitted to land under The limitations Of
the law, and 577 were returned to the cOun-
tries from whence they came by reason of their
having become public charges. The total ar
rivals were LAC, ,034 less than for the previous
year.
The Secretary in his report gives an account
OF tnr operation of the marine hospital 3 rvIce
and OF the good work done under its super
vision In preventing the introduction and
spread OF contagious diseases. The admOn-
tions OF the last TWO years touching our public
health and the demonstrated Danger of the in
PRODUCTION of contagious diseases from foreign
ports has Invested The subject OF national quar-
antine with increased inte est. A more gen.
eral and harmonious system III n now exists,
acting promptly and directly everywhere and
constantly operating by preventing. meant to
shield our country from the invasion OF disease
aud at lie same ime wing due regard 10 the
rights and duties OF local agencies, would,
believe, add greatly 10 the safety of our people.