Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1893-06-08

W0rhS- In tnAs Fecr%tt the NcFAA SEaA
state presents somewhat OF a norelty
among Northwestern states Most of the
agricultural machinery comes from Ohio.
Illinois. Inaiana and the Eastern states
The Minnesota exhibit. however. does not
make an Indifferent showing among the
best of them in threshins machines, en-
gines. and in twise binders. IL Is Wei
known that thS Appleby knotter of Min
nesota was the pioneer device used upon
a.. fa.- binders, and il is to-day the
knotter in use on most OF the twIne
binders upoa exhibition here.
The whole display here ma De classed
into machinery for tiling the soil, ma
chinery for harvesting crops, machinery
for treating crops after they are harvest
ed. and machinery for treating grasses
and grains for food purposes.
In the first mentioned of these classes
are TO be found, plows, harr0ws. disc
harrows, culuvators, drills. z broadcast
seciers. corn planters. etc, There is a
wondt rful display of this class OF farm
machinery upon exhibition. from the old
JavaneSe plows, which consist Of 4 forked
stick. up TO the finest wrought and most
handsomely polished sulkey horse plows
or gang steam plows. To the farmer the
exhibit OF plows alone is a great curiosity,
There are chilled steel plows. chilled iron
plows, plCws with wooden beams and
plows constructed entirely of steel. The
machine men in charge Of all of these
exhibits have taken especial pains 10
Easfhe them attractive and unique.
Pgramidal shelves have been arranged
so that Ilows are seemingly piled on top
of each other until the whole affair looks
like a huge pyramid. In several in
stances the plow displays have been ar
ranged in finely constructed booths rep
resenting a rustic house or barn. or any
other object characteristic of the farm.
Sulkey c~nltiyators, walking cultvators
and shovel plows are now constructed
entirely of steel. They are extremely
| light and can be handled by a strong
t~weive-year-old boy almost as well as
| by a man. The frame work is graceful
and has lost the clumsy and somewhat
oTerweighted look that it used to have
years ago. The greatest curiosity in this
class Of machinery 70 the Northwestern
farmer is the double horse corn planter,
which plants two, and sometimes three.
rows of corn al a time without previous
marking. There is a chain continuance
p a reel upon the machine. The chain
resembles very much the surveyors
chain. except that the links are longer.
Ii runs through a groove and the knuckles
catch a spring which plants the corn In
hills NJ any distance apart which may
be desired by the operator. The chain is
so arranged that when il runs out the
| field Ia crossed and il is time 10 turn
around and plant back. This machine re-
tails at SIS, and enables the farmer TO
plant ten acres a day if necessary.
A new machine which has obtained great
| popularity in the last few years is the
| disc harrow, which consists of seven or
eight discs arranged upon a central shaft,
each resembling the revolving coulter of
a plow, except that they dish slightly
and are set at angles so as TO turn over
what they cut They viii plOw and pull
yerize to ary depth required. They usu-
4 ally hava SaQ1ax ruorhtraw- otta1h~I aVa
are of great excellence for seeding fall
blowing in the spring, entirely doing
away with the necessity of back furrow-
ing or back-setting. The broadcast seed
ers are now being replaced by the drill
| seeders. which convey the seed down into
a closed or open shoe for each drill which
| cuts a mark or drill in which is scat
| tered the seed, followed by a set of wings
which close the earth over il. Many of
them have grass seed sowing attach
ments. The closed shoe is considered an
advantage over the open one in wet
! ground. because ii is not so apt to plug.
These machines retail for $50 for two
horses. and at Sl30 for the four-horse
machines. The old fashioned har-
row which used to be constructed with
wooden frame are now superseded by
TIE harrows made of steel throughout.
Machinery for harvesting crops also
present many new features. Irvine bind
u Go y D0Aft HfuCu iONeT IO10 lUTmpTlt.
the frames being constructed of one solid
piece OF steel in many instances. They
are built of two or four horse power size.
The corn harvester is a novel adventure.
built so as to run between the rows of
corn. drawn by one horse. One man sits
on each side of the machine and the corn
fails into his arms as il is cut. When
each man has secured an armful the
horse Is stopped and the corn is placed in
shock. Two men in this way have aver
aged SIX TO eight acres q day. This
machine cost SD at retail. Another still
more intricate device for cutting. binding
and shocking corn costs $500. There are
potato diggers of every known device
and degree of efficiency. Machines are
displayed for digging peanuts and sack
ing them Mowers and hay rakes have
not changed much in general plan. except
that they are made as light aud durable
as possible by the use of steel.
sIacninery for the treatment of crops
after they are harvested nave received
many Improvements. Threshing machines
are now built to do away entirely with
feeders and b~and-cutters. Before the
threshing cylinder is placed a cylinder
with revolving knives arranged with a
device much ike an inverted straw car
rer, which carries the bundles toward
the machine as they are pitched from the
stacks or loads on both sides. These re-
rolslng knives cut the bands and push
a layer forward off the top of the bum
dies each time they strike them. The
bed of the carrier is also in motion
scattering and distributing the grain.
The new device is said TO feed a machine
much more regularly and evenly than one
or two men car, besides doing away with
an element of considerable cost. Trac-
ton engines for drawing piows and
threshing machines have been so i'm
proved As 10 prevent the water from run
ming down of of the Growing sheets when
the engine is going up or down hill.
This used 10 be an element of danger 10
life no less than of destruction TO the
engine. Machines for cutting wheat and
the treatment of ensiilage and of sugar
tame are numerous and are made of any
capacity or power, They are made on
the self forced-feeding plan, and many of
them cut up instead of down. as former
IL. thus avoiding the cutting of sand and
grit by the knives. Corn shelters of
every description and variety are upon
exhibition. from those which require hand
power up TO those which require horse
and steam power and three shovelers 10
feed them. Hay cutters which will dis
pose of thirty tons an hour are 20 be
seen there in several exhibits. Feed mills
are displayed of all varieties and capaci-