San Antonio daily light. [volume] (San Antonio, Tex.) 1886-1907, 1893-10-09
ANCIENT TITLES.

In every known language.
The title prince is from a
Latin word which signifies leader,
and dates from the early Roman
Empire.
The judges who governed the
Jews were, for the most part, the
heads Of their families.
The Questor was a Roman Off
cial found in two or more depart
ments. In one he fulfilled the du-
ties of a public prosecutor, in the
other he had charge of the public
revenues.
Among the titles of the Roman
Emperors were Augustus, Caesar,
Divus, Plus, Felix, Clemens, Tran
quillus, Sanctissimus, Altissimus.
Dominus and others ofsimilar pom
derosity.
The Kings of Sardinia formerly
described themselves as "By the
grace of God, King of Sardinia, of
France, Spain and England, of
Italy and Jerusalem, of Greece and
Alexandria, of Hamburg and Sicily,
Ruler of the Midway Sea, Masters
of the Deep, Kings of the Earth,
Protectors of the Holy Land"
The sovereign of little Greek
island during the middle ages
styled himself: "The Protector of
Religion, whose fame is infinite /;
who exceeds the sun, the moon, the
uneXpanded buds, the stars, the
jewels whose feet are as fragrant
to the noses of other kings as
flowers to bees; the most noble
patron, the God by CUSTOM"
The royal title Beg has now al
most disappeared. and when used
in the altered form of Bey is APP
piled to a military rank in the
Turkish army. Originally it was
deemed more honorable than that
of Sultan.
The word Pharoah was not,
strictly speaking, name of an in
Idividual, but of a class or race. For
ages all the Egyptian kings called
themselves Pharoahs, just as the
Roman emperors were each styled
Augustus.
Sultan, or in it's older form Sol
dan, was first adopted by BajaZet.
The older title of the chief Mo-
hammedan ruler was CaIiph, Com
mander of the Faithful.
The Greek Emperors of Constan-
! tinOple called themselves "HOly,"
and one of the official titles by
which they insisted on being adj
dressed was "Your Holiness"
Titles abounded in Germany
during medieval times, but many
disappeared about the beginning
of this century. Palatine, Bur
grave, Rhinegrave, Wildgrave and
Altgrave were among the titles
that vanished at that time.
a procurator was the governor
of a province, having especial
charge of the revenues and cOllec-
ton of taxes. Pontius PLATE was a
procurator, but owing to the re-
bellious character of the Jews he
was invested with the power of a
prOcOnsul.
Among both Greeks, Romans
and other ancient nations, titles
were frequently conferred, in men,
DRY of some achievement. Scipio
Africanus, for instance, was So
called for his conquest of Africa,
and other illustrations are very
numerous.
The title Grand Duke was of
medieval origin, being first found
in Moscow in the eleventh centu-
ry. 1t travelled to Southern Eu-
rope in 1869, when Plus V. bes-
lowed it on Cosmo de Medici.
Landgrave is the only one of the
old Teutonic titles that survives.
1t was invented in 1l30 by Louis |
of Thuringia, to distinguish him
self from the crowd of Grafs who |
filled the German courts.
Germany only has preserved the !
title of Grand Duke, there being
seven Grand Duchies in the Ger
man territory.
The title of Margrave was limit
ed to the rulers of the Marches of
Brandenburg, Weisen, Baden and
Moravia.
The dictator was a Roman mag
istrate, who, in times of great pub
lie peril, was invested with abso-
lutte power. For over 400 years this
office was sregarded with great
until Sulla and Cesar,
hN thnir nrrnltinS rnnlnrnd ii