The sun., 1893-12-17
THE MAsnoNALASD RUINS
They Were nuut 60 Protect Fereirnsr-
WorkinG the Mtnes ard sueiters-Ths
Tempis - ThouEht 70 Have Been Huiit
In Houor OF the Goddess who's ths
Historic ouses OF Shoba wor-htpped.

IN H0u0r OF the aoadeaa WHO'S the
Historic ouees or shoba WoruhipPed.
tron ne Etaee,an csntvp
Before giving the latest evidence which has
come to light concerning the mysterious ruins
in South Africa, IL will be necessary briefly to
recapitulate the salient points which resulted
from our excavations in 1891. which led
us to attribute those ruins 10 the influence Of a
race Of Semitic origin. probably from South
Arabia. The first thing obvious about the
ruins Of Zlmbsbwe and elsewhere In Mashons-
land is that they we're built to form a protec-
| tion for foreign population who visited this
| country In search Of gold. every means OF
fertilization is employed. every line OF attack
is protected with a redundancy OF strateglcal
skill perfectly marvellous to behold; and In
the centre OF this system. close to the temple
on 2imbabwe hill. was the ancient gold melt
| ing furnace.
| From the mass OF objects which We found
| during our excavations will name few only
which bear on this point. Firstly there is the
large number OF fragments OF soapstone bowls
| with elaborate patterns thereon one fragment
giving US portion OF a religious procession, q
procession OF bulls, and another a hunting
ject with knobs, the only parallel to which Is
found at the temple Of Paphos In Cyprus; ex.
numerous objects representing nature wor-
ship. which. when taken in conjunction with
tSms po to the SS w MheS tas HS %Ss
pTactsed by these primitive explorers. The
Dlrus on Tall AOApstone poue3tAls formed per-
| haps the most Interesting objects among our
| hnds From the ACCURATE measurements which
We took OF the buildings themselves, we came
| to the conclusion that they had been con-
| structed on an elaborate system Of curves. The
| diameter OF the great tower at It's base is I'LL
Of the little tower; aud all the curves OF which
the various buildings are constructed had
a%eter Lastly the tR'p,Gs Patterns 81 let 'S into ito
the various buildings and the doorways
the rays % o the setting and snr sum 90 Dt 'S he
solstices could bisect these lines OF pattern
Sas s1tss tier Of so exactly TO in
| tions we made from the cumulative evidence OF
many buildings which left little room to doubt
| that highly intelligent and educated race
home o! this race we turned to the great
evidence In favor Of this theory apart from the
reasons thus briefly stated, was very strong.
living authority on Souther Arabian arch
aology, wrote TO ma on the subject, and kindly
the towers and castles Of South Arabia avn Which h
bore bore on, on the question Is , and from which |
Roman ReoGraphers, was the capital OF the
9ld saSssn bI,sno kingdS%m OF southern Arabia
brings one to the great ruin called by the Arabs
the Haram ot Bikis or the Queen Of Shebn,
ler. NJ, Arnaud. shows remarkable likeness
to the great circular temple at Zimbabwe,
Again, the long inscription on this building
is in two rows. and runs round fourth OF its
circumference: this corresponds to the position
Of the two rows OF chevion pattern which run
round fourth part Of the temple at Iimbab-
we. Furthermore, one. hall OF the clliptical wall
on the side OF the inscription is we'll built and
well preserved, whereas that on the opposite
side Is badly built and partly ruined. This is
the care possible has been lavlshed on the side
whore the pattern and the round tower are,
aonshy nsbed or eonsructsd s iatsr aer nv more n,
foriur worImen.
From the inscriptions on tho building at
" n n RI fhatt fap, ,,Ia "A ntnI
to the goddess Almaquh From Hamdani the
Arabian gcographer. We learn that Ialmaqah
called in tho himysraitio tongue IaImSaaH or
Almaq. Illuminating" and hence wa see the
inal female goddess OF the earlier star wor-
shipping Sabnans and the latter myth OF tho
haye constructed these buildings.
IL seems to J', me ,htenIy probable that In the
Almaqah temple the points Of comparison are
SO very strong, and there is. furthermore a
strong g connection h between bet the star Worship
orientated 10 the sun, and built on such del-
mite mathematical principles.
that the eIliptical form Of temple and the con.
stIrIctl9n on M system Of curves IS further par
all seemed to have been constructed on the
Mr., ": st. Chad Boscawen. lecturer at the
British Museum on Oriental subjects. writes
,AsutIoms paras! and ro,'tb,e explanation TO tn.
6s6w. seem. 10 me to be aTored BY The Study OF tas
mines and quarries O. tho ancient Esyptians During
han6.r Of Sasrris. snd was much stracs BY notsins
way s' :: sfis s:5Ha m. nS.'S
.mSem Of s GODDESS pS,s 10 'sf Shdm h a 1s:
wsr. s.HTed Ghi. As; .,,oss.on Of mine, with nathor
tnieIip!iOns She wa. IN tn.s region particularly wor.
wot.sPpsa ~: .s6.tn: maSqr % q"ssn '"i q Sss. @
q s;ss sh. led 'S Ia ;Pa,'fs ~. N's.
''i% :aa Punt. Winch % attached ~ Tiss tns sSdas.. a
EsyHI 20 me 10 Ss ths most n os 1S' m
neetiOn win the emblem OF the hawk in Inc mines at
Win =! she:. fact, Ss,cr. n. thsr. .s.m.Il.Y.
mine, and minsr. !. a very ancien. one ana rlay b.
fSsea .SS 10 TO very shsS sGesn s.PnR: or ssr
hnsw i from Isf SSR1n. ;H Of s.G.sa ne SasE q
By "torslgnsrL" who may have been ChAldsans or
-Anothsr point which seems to me to throw some al.
diona light aPoH ~. subject ard asan IMPLY pos
discovered a. Zmbahwe. The shape " exactly that OF
as SSS; cSh By the nma sPS
the tomb ot khsmmhotrp al Bcni iiasAn. an event
G."ftsssS Il Si he sDs isn. H.. eng
ss p"rpe.. ts S; ionsS :S%
also Ts.smss tns .aas ombl.ms fosnd in large naa.
Sss, near 70 ps .Ss sns". "a. Snrn' s. 81 Pant
with The goddess Hathor There are many o!hsr iea,
Es;p,an ssscfy s = % u. sS;slas saa soid
greater prominence.
Herr Drugsch gives us some very interesting
details concerning the worship OF sept at Sait
el Henneh in the Proceedings OF Biblical
Archaeology, sopt, he tells rs. was the feudal
god oi the Arabian nome; the nome Of sort.
At SAtt el Henneh this god Is described upon
the monuments as sopt. the SJpirit 81 the East
the hawk the llorus, OF the Fast" Saville,s
" Goshen" .. lOl. and as also connected with
Tum, the rising and setting sun tp, l3 NJ
Nayille believes that this bird represents not
the rising sun but one OF the planets. Venus
the morning star that is TO saw, that sept was
the herald OF the sun, not the sun itself Herr
IruEsch, however believes that II was really
the god OF the ZOdacAl light. the previous Hnh |
the after glow. II VI. Nayille's theory is cor
rect. we have ~ once strong connection be-
tween Almaqah, the Venus star OF the SahiPans
and the goddess worshipped at Marib. and
probably at LimbAbwe, and the hawk o Sopt
the feudAl god OF tho Arabian nome, which |
was closely connected with the worship OF
Hathor, the queen OF hsAvcn aud earth b"
Last year Sir John Willoughby conducted
further eNcsyHtionsut ZimbAOwe. which lasted
over a period ~ live weeks He brought 10 |
light a great number Of miscellaneous articles
hut unfortunately none OF the tlnds are differ
ent from thoss which we discovered. He OBJ.
taned number OF crucibss, phalll and bits
OF excellent pottery fragments OF soapstono
~ ms ha Of iY1. |