The record-union., 1893-02-07

!. IiiIii.!III|
5. 2. Co, Pac. S. 5,6S9I 24O AN $50 1891
Nor. Pac. r. h $500. ... .. 4,34g IA 1891
A. I. and ). F.. ...--- ..". 7,lS0 9jlS9l-2
ST. L. and S. F.. . m 1893 ll3ISgl-2
u. and h. q. r.. r ... .... 1910 1051S91-2
Tex. and Pac. Ry... ..-.. .. I,I99 Il4lS91
9. ana \. w. Ry...l 5,5S1 2l4 4,273 1l0lSg-l
Wabash Railway. 4,O7O III ....... .... ........
c. r. l. and Z. Ry-. 4,l97 l35 S,lO9 73lS901
Average, except Southern Pacific Com
pany's Pacific system, Sl04. Southern
Pacific Company's Pacific system, Sl3O.
At San Francisco the expense and
maintenance of ferry and transfer steam
ers, and docks and wharves. is much
greater than in the Mississippi Valley
States. The cost under these headings 10
the Southern Pacific Company was
S753, 900.
Water supply for locomotives, train
and station supplies and many other
items, other than those have mentioned,
are higher with us than in the East, but
must not further trespasS upon your
time.
SLOW DEVELOPMENT OF CALIFORNIA.
California, in many things other than
its physical geography, is an exceptional
State and 1t is just about as difficult to
force its industrial development along the
same lines as have been followed in the
development of the Mississippi Valley,
as it would be to lcvel down the mount
aims aud fertliZe the deserts to make ali
of California as Lowell in surface and as
productive throughout its area as the
State of Illinois, The rights of owner
ship in the soil, the methods OF its cultiva-
tod and the commodities produced from
/ a NViHplV IitTprpnf from tba LaGtnrD
States.
In 1870 the population of California was
&c. ,247; in 1850, S64 ,694; in 1890, ,20S, 1870.
The miles of railroad i'll California in 1870
were 925; in 1880, . l95; in 1890, 4,32S
| Thus. from 1870 to 1880 the increase in
population was 81 per cent; in railroad
mileage, l37 per cent. From 1850 to 1890,
increase in population, 40 per cent; rail-
road mileage, 100 per cent For the de-
cades from 1870 to 1890 the increase in
population was ll5 per cent; in railroad
mileage, 357 per cent.
Other statistics bearing closely upon
this subject will be presented for your
consideration by Richard Gray, our Gen
eral Traffic Manager, and will show that,
when fairly contrasted with other States,
Californians have reason to congratulate
themselves on their progress, and the
railroads of this State have no reason to
be ashamed of the results of their efforts
to promote its progress.
After 4 village existence of some ten
years as Fort Dearborn, the birth of Chi
cago as a town dates from August t. 1880
when it was surveyed as the town of Chi
cago, and plat of the survey published
by James Thompson. In 1870, forty wears
later, the population had grown to 29S, ,g77.
The town of San Francisco, existing,
therefore, as a small village, began its ex-
istence as a city in 1910 and 1850. On its
fortieth birthday, or in 1890, it numbered
29S, ,997 people, outranking Chicago when
it had reached the same age by twenty in
habitants.
Taking into comparison with Califor-
MIA, the so-called Northern, Central and
Northwestern States, as shown by the
first census taken in those States after
their admission into the Union, in COM
parison with the census figures forty
years later, we find that, by the census of
1890, forty years after the first census in
1880, California had increased its popula-
ton to thirteen times, while the average
of the States of Illinois, Indiana, Ohio,
Iowa, Michigan and Wisconsin was only
eight times, the rate of increase in each
State being as shown by the following
table:
Population in First o
STATES. Years Increased to-
80 times.
times
| Inulani... tunes.
Iowa 10 times.
9MIl:cnlgan n;'-'...''-'.''-''..----'. 3 times.
| Nlsconsin.................... times.
1t is commonly assumed that dense
rural population forms the basis of real
and enduring prosperity in any. State.
This may or may not be true. Many
facts can be adduced to show that the
cultivation of land in great ranches
founded largely upon the Spanish grants
is under the peculiar climatic conditions
of California beneficial rather than detri-
mental to this State. Be this as it may,
railroad managers would like to see more
people settled in California, and no in
ducement offered, for example, to immi-
grants who In recent years have settled
III the State of Washington have exceeded
in liberality the similar inducements
offered by the roads leading into Califor-
MIA. In fact, the Washington roads
merely copied the rates previously
offered, and duplicated the emigrant cars
previously built by the California lines.
The Central Pacific Railroad was the first
road in this country to design and build
emigrant cars. People emigrating TO
the State of Washington and settling
there did so merely because land was
plenty and cheap, for sale by the Govern
ment and the railroads at not more than
81 80 an acre. This class of people, gen
orally without capital, did not come to
California because desirable land was not
offered so cheaply here. Nevertheless,
lHOIt dI0 IldIly pGODlt WHO appreciate
the great productive value of lands in
California, and who are coming to us all
the time; but, unfortunately, this class of
people is small as compared with the inn
migration that is attracted only by cheap
lands, and consequently California's in
crease in population is. in the very nature
of things, comparatively slow, though all
of rs who are familiar with the capabili-
ties of our undeveloped State of California
know that in the light of a permanent in
vestment, California lands, whatever may
be their price, are always cheap in COM
parison with the lands of Oregon and
Washington.
There are three classes of large land
holders in this State-First, those who
cultivate their own land. raising grain
on large scale, blowing by steam, or
with great teams of animals propelling
gang-plows, turning over many furrows
at a time, and harvesting the grain with
combined heading and threshing ma
chimes, that take the grain from the stalk
and drop it III bags into wagons alongside
or upon the fields behind; thus doing
nearly all OF the cultivation by machinery
and employing only very little labor,
and that not continuously, but for short
periods at seed times and harvest. This
method largely prevails in the Sacra-
mento Valley, in the northerly end OF
the San Joaquin Valley, and, to less
} extent, in other localities.