davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-01-18
FLORIDA ORANGES ABROAD.
REPORT OF MR.. E. o. PAINTER, SUPER
CARGO OF THE FIRST STEAMER LOADED
WITH FLORIDA ORANGES FOR A
FOREIGN PORT.

Nearly every orange grower in the
State of Florida is familiar with tie par
ticulars of getting together the fruit that
ms le up the first cargo OF Florida Or
which ever crossed the Atlantic,
market on foreign shore. Ii
he . it is because he has failed to
read ,1a, ooTs and keep posted as to
what was g On around him.
What happened after the ship left Fer
nandina, it is our privilege to tell, and
as it was q long trip and there were
many new things and methods to see
and mention, we trust the readers will
forbear with the length of the report.
Wednesday afternoon, November 16,
1892, the last car OF oranges arrived at
Fernandina, which was to make up the
cargo of the Steamship EthelwOld, and
it was rapidly slowed away, and every
thing made fast in readiness for sailing,
hoping to get ready to go out on the af-
ternoon tide. In this they failed al
though Mr.. Goodsell worked hard to ac-
cOmplish it and bent every energy toward
getting the ship off as soon as possible.
1t was 4 o'clock Thursday morning be-
fore the anchor was weighed, the gong
sounded, and the propeller, that was to
push the good ship with her cargo of
golden fruit across the mighty deep, COM
menced to turn. It was 6:45 when the
ship passed the last buoy and the pilot
sang a.cheery ''good bye" as he left the
ships side.
The morning was perfect one. and
the sea as calm as one could wish, rails
ing the vain hope within us that fair
weather might be our lot during the vOy-
age. We were doomed to disappoint.
ment for toward evening brisk westerly
wind sprang up which aided the ship on
her course but made it very uncomfort-
able for all on board. The course OF the
ship, generally speaking, was northeast
shifting occasionally to n. n. E.
TEMPERATURE OF THE HOLD.
Before leaving Jacksonville, we pur-
chased two thermometers which we
placed in the holds of the ship for the
purpose OF keeping arecord of the temper
ature during the voyage. The read
ings, however, for the second and third
days were furnished us by the mate as
we ielt good deal more comfortable
lying in our bunk than walking the deck.
The temperature of the hold might
have risen to 1000 for aught we cared on
those two days, but on the third our hu-
man feeling came back and we made our
rounds and kept our own records. Be-
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-01-18
So per Annunl, in advance

out touching his hands to it. We have
often wondered at the ability of our ne
groes to carry large loads on their heads,
but these carriers on the wharf and about
the markets would put in the shade any
efforts of the Ethiopian that we have
ever seen.
Az the dock it was different. The boxes
were taken out On slings holding from
fifteen to eighteen, and when the sling
was let down, 1T was tilted so that the
boxes all fell over on their ends. We
made a vigorous protest against this
method OF dumping the fruit on the dock
and succeeded In getting it modified con-
siderahly, and the last part of the cargo
was taken out and piled much more
carefully than the first, though there was
still room for improvement. 1t can
hardly be expected that men who have
been used to handling bales of wool,
hides and pig lead should handle fruit as
carefully as those who have been trained
to it. We could see no way to avoid it
as it was utterly out of the question to
have unlOaded at Fresh Wharf.
CLASSIFYING AND CATALoGUIxG.
Now that the fruit was on the dock,
the best method of putting it on the
market was the problem. Here was a
cargo OF 9,415 boxes, made up by 1872
growers in quantities from two boxes to
314, the majority being 25 to SO box
lots. In each mans shipment we're all
the sizes and grades that the grower
produces from fancy brigbts" to "black
russets" and from 96s to 25Os. One lot
of 25 boxes had "brights'', russets
and all the different sizes. Then
again came in the condition of the fruit
whether sound or otherwise, which must
be classified. Again, some boxes had
neither grade Or number, all of which led
to confusion, and necessitated the cata.
loguing of the fruit in much smaller lots,
which we do not think was a good thing
for securing the best prices, as many Of
the principal buyers prefer taking large
lots.
CONDITION OF FRUIT.
Each box was opened and marked ac-
cording to condition. If sound, C; lit
tie rot, &C; more rot, &c; bad &c; very
bad HIC. When the cargo had been sorted
it was found that there was about $3.50
boxes marked as sound with a good
many as seconds.
One lot from Polk county of $50 boxes
was in a perfect mush, and we are at a
loss to know why this one lot was so
much worse than any other, and we
would like to hear from Mr.. D. Heath
full particulars of the shipment. How
long it was gathered before ship sailed
from Fernandina; kind of soil trees are
located on, and any other information
that might shed some light on the SUBJ
ject. The location of the oranges in the
ship could not haYe had anything to do
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-01-18
low we give the temperature of the hold
as kept during the voyage.

The rise in the temperature on the sew
enth day was due to a change of wind
from the northwest to the southwest,
showing that the ventilators we're work
ing we'll. Extra high matches had been
built to fit over the ship hatch, so thatin
case of rough weather they could be left
open with less danger to tbecargo. This
proved very valuable precaution, for
had it not been for these the holds would
have had to be closed fourteen out OF
the fifteen days, but as it was, they were
completely closed only one day. When
ever the weather would admit wind sails
were put up which carried a current of
air to the bottom of the holds. During
the whole trip crossing the ocean with
the exception of the first day, the ship
did not have a dry deck. Huge waves,
as if bent on sinking the ship, would
plunge on deck with great force, wetting
whoever Or whatever happened to be out
side. One day a portion of the railing
was broken away as if but twig. The
ship, however, rode the waves like a
duck, and the water that was "shipped"
simply rolled off after simply spending.
it's force against the ecabin, etc., and send
ing often a spray high into the riggings.
A QUICK TRIP-THE ARRIVAL.
We believe everything was done by
Capt. Burrell and his mates that could
be, to land the cargo in London in a
sound condition. The ventilators were
kept we'll to the wind and the matches
we'll watched so as to keep thelea side al
ways open. The only fault we can lay to
the ship is that in several places her decks
leaked so that when wave was shipped
water would run through and wet the
boxes under the leaks of the first deck.
Owing to favorable winds the steamer
made much better time than was ex-
pected, Notwithstanding the rough sea.
Fortune seemed to favor the ship getting
in on good time as there was not mo-
ment's time lost on account of tide.
Frludy ulSHI' UeIuS InOOnIISnC ana
tolerably clear (for England), the pilot
took the ship right up to Fresh Wharf,
where it was expected the cargo would
be discharged, and anchored at $3.50
at least SO hours before the ship was ex-
pected. The Ethelwold lay along side of
a ship discharging oranges, and when we
could see through the fog, Saturday
morning, two other vessels had come in
loaded with the same fruit.
GLUT OF FRUIT.
We began to wonder ii the Florida or
anges would pay freight. Oranges, Or
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
THE PORK MARKET.

The New York Sun discusses at
considerable length the present con-
dition OF the pork market and the
causes which, in its opinion, have
brought it about. The fact that
only twice in twenty years have hog
products reached present prices in
dicates the operation of some un-
usual cause. The common theory is
that hogs are mainly corn in anoth-
er shape, and the price of the ami
mated article must depend largely
on the supply of the inanimate.
The Sun thinks that the present
high price Of pork is owing to the
fact that for some years past hog
raising has not kept pace with the
increase of population. In other
words, pig-eaters have increased in
number far more rapidly than pigs.
But, il this is so, there must be a
cause for it, and the Sun thinks it
lies in the fact that the production
OF corn has not kept pace with the
increase of population, which is an
other way of saying that hogs are
corn.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
Chr Farm.
THE DAIRY HERD IN SPRING.

With the advent of spring the wise
dairvman culls his herd. The cows
giving the same yields are disposed
of. The worthy animals are retain
ed. This implies that the culling has
been done by the Babcock test. 1t
is the most reliable measure of a
cows capacity for dairy purposes.
1t has sent many favorite animal
from the dairy to the butchers
block. The vacancies that test
causes in herd should be filled by
the best dairy animals that are to
be obtained. Not necessarily the
high-prced ones, for their price may
exceed the strength of your purse.
Pure. blooded stock is a costly ven
ture, but half-breeds of good dairy
strains can be had at reasonable
rates. The most profitable cow at
the Vermont Experiment Station,
according to recent bulletin, cost
but $50. This is a pointer that
shows that good herd of carefully
selected cows suitable for prohta-
BILE dairying need not necessarily be
costly investment. This Vermont
station cow is fed generously and
makes profit out of her food. 1t is
the only avenue by which she can
advance her owners interest. The
more she can be coaxed to eat, the
greater the margin of profit she will
render. What is true of the station
cow applies with equal force to
every cow in dairy, provided she is
worthy OF being a member of such a
herd. At the head of such herd
there should be bull of marked but
ter antecedents.-[A American Dairy
man.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01

wonder that turkeys run out and be-
come Improbable under such man
agement. Get the best for breeding,
and next fall clinch the improvement
by keeping the best for another sea-
son. Exchange.
When you have nothing else to do
take ride through the country and
count all the neatly kept barnyards
you see, and take note of some OF the
others. Broken-down fences, cart
wheels, cart racks and bodies, bob
sleds, farm wagons, and what not,
turned over against the fence or "ly-
ing around loose" generally, and fire.
quently that means halfcovered by
mud, water and manure. Such a
condition suggests it's own remedy.
-[Lewiston Journal.
Tie the COWS nights, as soon as
you think it wise to have little fire
in your sitting room in the evening,
and blankets feel good on the bed
o'nights. Milk giving and warmth
are closely allied and to separate
them is to shrink the mess of milk.
-John Could.
Some sheltering hedgerows, and
here and there little grove or
clump of handsome trees, add both
benefit and beauty, besides increas-
ing value. A field without any sort
of rim is like a picture without
frame, or face without cap or curl.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
GIL NINGS.

A. w. Cheever says: consider the
Polaris the best potato. have
grown it now for several years in
competition with other varieties and
have finally dropped all Others and
retained this tor an aN-the-year-
round potato. 1t is early, smooth,
yields well, keeps we'll and cooks
well.
The bud moth on the apple tree is
one OF the latest and worst plaques
apple growers have tocontend with.
The only effectual time to spray TO
destroy this enemy is before the leaf
puts forth. The larva is ready with
the first opening of buds to begin
eating. If its first meal be poisoned
that is an end Of him. Later it hides
under web and cannot be reached.
A Rockland Tribune writer recalls
that few years ago an Irish truck =
man OF Boston thought he would
try farming in Maine, He went to
Aroostook county and bought or
took up place in MarysviIe. He
made quite a speciality OF raising
clover seed, and when the writer
was there recently, was one OF the
wealthlest men in town. His clover
helds were sight to feast the eyes.
Too much importance cannot be
attached to cooperation in the home.
The farmer who does not fully CO.
operate III all his transactions with
his wife, and with his children as
soon Nv they are old enough to take
an interest III all ma ;terS pertaining
20 the business features OF the farm,
makes a grand mistake. 80 TStcckman
aud Farmer.
IthaS always been mystery to
Il, why SO little care is taken bv or.
drnary farmers to get the best.
grown, mature turkeys tor breeding
un.po-es 1heu,ual way Is oumany
i'rnS to select all the huest Speci.
mons for market-po>Slhly, because
the extra money they bring is needed
for the annual taxes. 1t is ne
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
EXERCISING WITCH-GRASS.

An Amesbury man tells the Rural
New Yorker how he got rid OF witch
grass. He plowed as soon as he
could after the frost was out and the
ground was dry enough, turning in
stable manure at the rate of eight or
10 cords per acre. After blowing he
let it remain until the witch-grass
showed itself freely through the
burrows. Then he run through it
with a cultivator until the grass
roots were torn up. In week or
two up came the witch-grass again
fresh and smiling. The cultivator
covered it and tore up its roots
again. This process was repea ted
as often as the pest got good start,
till by June 10 its vitality was so
exhausted that it was practically ex-
terminated. Then plant any crop
that can be deferred so late. In the
spring OF 81 he had half an acre
completely overrun by this dreadful
foe of clean culture, but by this
treatment not a hatiul grew on the
piece after June 10. Last year he
sowed it to beets and carrots, and
there was not a handful of witch
grass roots on the entire piece.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
FOR SUNDAY SCHOOL WORKERS..

Two great Sunday school conven-
tons are to be held this year in the city
of St. Louis Mo. The Seventh Interna-
tional S. S. Convention opens Aug, 31st,
and holds through Sept. I'd. This is to
be followed by the Second Worlds s. S.
Convention, which opens on the next
Monday, Sept 4th, and holds through
Sept. 9Th In these conventions there
will be reports, addresses, and confer
ences, upon the various lines of S. S.
work the world over. Delegates to the
International will be delegates to the
Worlds S, S. Convention, and will be
entertained by the S, S. workers of st.
Louis. Vermont is entitled to sixteen
delegates.
These delegates are to be appointed by
the executive committee OF the State S.
). Association of Vermont Further in
formation regarding the conventions
and delegates may be had upon appica-
ton to Rev. J. II. Babbitt OF West
Brattleboro, VT, the Vermont member
OF the International executive com
mtee
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
THE sTEREOPTICON IN SCHOOL.

Suppose that a class have before
them photograph of some city in
India where one can see in the street
a religious procession, and along the
sides CT the streets the mingled archi-
lecture of ancient temples and mod
ern ediices. Along the walls of the
garden are the overhanging branch
es of the Indian foliage, and the
animal life of India is represented
by here and there an elephant or a
monkey, and the strange types of
race and the stranger customs of
dress engage the wondering atten-
ton Of the pupils. Here we have not
mere lesson in geography, but his
tory as well. The total effect of the
scene is many-sided and fastens it.
self on the memory without the la
bored task of learning by rote a
bald statement of the fact that such
and such city is the capital of a
certain district. Much of the effect
of lantern teaching is lost because
the pupils are not taught how to
examine and describe a picture. The
terms foreground and background
are perhaps not known, and for lack
of a word the children may not be
able to tell what the picture con-
tanned, even though they can recall
it to their minds. Children need to
be trained to observe. The eve does
not at once catch the details OF
scene or an event. 1t is for the
teacher to call attention to how
much there is in picture and to
the details that may be
overlooked in asssuperfcial glance.
1t would be profitable exercise to
show picture without comment
and let the class write down their
of it and then show the
picture second time, reading aloud
some few of the descriptions written
by the pupil after the first glance.
Such an exercise will reveal how one
eye misses what another sees of the
picture. The lantern will never ac-
what is ex ,ected unless the
eyes of the pupils are trained in this
art of observing.-[ Rev. w. F. c.
MorSell, in Education for May.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
Travellers Guide.
BOSTON & MAINE R. R.
PAssUMPsIC DIVISION
WINTER ARRANGEMENT, OCT. 81, 1892
Trains Leave ~. JOhnsbury.


Trains Leave ~. Johnsbury.
GOING SOUTH.
For Concord, Manchester Nashua, Lowell
and Boston via White River Junction,
1926 a. M, 4. 90 a. M, and 1912 p M,
arriving at Boston sos a. M, APO p. m ,
and 7.15 p. M. :,
For Concord, Manchester, Nashua, Lowell
and Boston via Wells River and Plymouth,
40 a. M, 900 u. M, 2.34 p. m. Arriv-
ing at Boston, sos a. m, s.55 p. m.
For Bellows Falls, Northampton, Spring
field, Hartford. New Haven and New York,
1925 a. M, 100 a. M, and 1912 pm.
For Newbury, Bradford, Fairlee, Thetford,
Norwich and White River Junction, 1925
am, 800 a. M, 1912 p. M, and 9 .03 p. m e.
For Passumpsic, Barnet and McIndoes,
For Wells River, 1925 a. M, lao a. M,
900 a. m, 1912 pm, IA p. m, 6 .o3 p. m.
GOING NORTH.
For Lyndonville and Newport, 2.22 a. M,
3.15 a. M, 1885 a. M, 3.13 p. M, 433 p
m, 1856 p m.
For west Burke, Barton and Barton Land
ing, 3.15 a. M, 1885 a. m, 4.33 p M.
7.55 p. m.
For Stanstead and Derby Line, Massawippi
North Hatley, Lennoxville and Sherbrooke,
315 a. m 1855 q. M, 1856 p. m.
For Quebec via Sherbrooke and Grand Trunk
Ry., 315 a. m, 1855 p. m.
For Quebec via Sherbrooke and Quebec Cen
trail Ry., 315 am, 755 p. m.
For Montreal via Sherbrooke and Grand
Trunk Ry., 315 a. m, 7.55 p. m.
For Montreal via Newport and Canadian
Pacific Ry 2.22 a. m, 3.13 p. m.
J. w. SANBoRN. d.. FLANDERS,
Acting Gen Man. Gen. Pass. Agt.
HE. FOLSOM. Div. Supt.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
GREAT ROCK ISLAND
ROUTE.
Worlds Fair Limited 6
TO THE EAST.
Best Dining Car Service in the
World.
4 $50
1892

1852 1892
AS long time as David reigned so long
has the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Rail-
way run trains westward from Chicago
The Rock Island is foremost in adopting
any advantage calculated to improve speed
and give that luxury, safety and comfort
that popular patronage demands. It's equip
ment is thoroughly complete with vestibuled
trains, magnificent dining cars, sleepcrs and
chair coaches, all the most elegant, and of
recently improved patterns.
Faithful and capable management and DO
lite, honest service from employees are i'm
the Company and to travelers--and it is.
sometimes task difficult of accomplish ment
Passengers on this line will find little cause
for complaint on that ground.
The Importance of this Line can be better
understood if a short lesson in geography be
now recited.
What is the great Eastern terminus of the
Rock Island Route ?-Chicago. What other
sub. Eastern terminus has it ?-Peoria To
what important points does it run trains to
the Northwest ?-St. Paul and Minneapolis.
Minnesota and Watertown and Sioux Falls
Dakota. To what important Iowa and
Nebraska points ?-Des Moines, Davenport
Iowa; Omaha and Lincoln Nebraska. Does
it touch other Missouri River points ?-Yes ;
st. Joseph, Atchison, Leavenworth and X an
sas City. Does it run trains to the Foothills
of the Rocky Mountains ?-YeS; to Denver
Colorado Springs and Pueblo, solid vesti.
buled from Chicago. Can important cities of
Kansas be reached by the Rock Island Route !?
Yes; its capital city, Topeka and full
hundred others in all directions in the state,
and it is the only road running to and into
the new lands opened for settlement in the
Cheyenne and Arapahoe Reservation.
1t will thus be seen that line tapping, as
the Rock Island does, such varied territory,
has much in that regard to commend it to
Travellers as all connections are sure on the
Rock Island. and passengers can rely on a
speedy journey, as over bulk of the system
through trains are run, and it has become,
and rightly too, the popular Line.
very popular train on the Chicago, Rock
Island & Pacific Railway leaves Denver,
Pueblo and Colorado Springs, daily 1t is
called 1.-THE Worlds Fair Special" is only
one day out, and passengers arrive at
Chicago early the second morning.
The Rock Island has become popular Col
orado Line, and the train above referred to
is Vestibuled, and carries the Rock Islands
excellent Dining Car service.
For full particulars as to tickets, maps
rates, apply to any coupon ticket office in the
United States, Canada or Mexico, or address /:
JNO. SEBASTIAN,
Genl. Tiki. & Pass. Agt., Chicago, i'll
E. ST. JOHN, Genl Manager, Chicago, iii.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
COLUMBUS WIFE.

The Chicago Tribune, which
thinks that the wife of Columbus
has been neglected, gives this sketch
of her: columbus was married in
1470 or thereabouts, to a Miss
Palestrello of Lisbon, whose father
had distinguished himself as navi-
gator. A part of Miss PalestreIlo's
marriage dover was a great collec-
ton of valuable charts, journals and
important memoranda. From child
hood she had displayed wonderful
enthusiasm on the subject, partak-
ing to marked degree of the specu-
lative and adventuresome ideas and
schemes in the line of geographical
discovery for which Lisbon was
then headquarters. She possessed Il
fine education and was widely
known as brainy, brilliant woman,
who was constantly urging her hus-
band on in the path which finally
brought him to the wonderful goal
with which we are so familiar.
While girl Miss Palestrello made a
number of hazardous voyages with
her father in unfamiliar waters, and
later made geographical drawings,
several of which were used with
great profit by Columbus when he
had won her for his wife and set out
upon his more important wander
ings on the great deep. There is
probably no picture OF this brave,
talented woman extant, but certain
ly it would seem gracious and
most fitting thing that her memory
receive some tribute. y Evangelist.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01

"Castoria is so well adapted to children
hat recommend it as super Tor to any pre-
scription known to me-"
II. A. ARCHER, NJ. d.
Ill So oxford St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01

Castoria cures Colo, Constipation, Sour
Stomach, Diarrh9a, Erucation, kills
Worms, gives sleep, and promotes digestion
without injurious medication.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-06-01
ST. JOHNSBURY AND
LAKE CHAMPLAIN R. R.
Winter Arrangement, Oct. 8, 1892.
Trains Leave 81. j ohnsbury.

Trains Leave -. Johnsbury'
GOING WEST.
For Danville West Danville, Walden, Green's
boro, East Hardwick Hardwick, Norris
vile and Hyde Park, 1882 a M, 500 p.
p. m, and 40 p. m.
For Johnson, Cambridge Junction. Burling-
ton, Fletcher, Fairfield, Sheldon, Highgate
and Swanton, 1882 a. M, 500 p. m.
For Stanbridge, st. Johns, and Montreal via
East Swanton, $50 p. m.
GOING EAST.
For East st. Johnsbury, North Concord,
Miles Pond and Lunenburg, $50 a. M,
2.45 p. M, 4.4Op m. (mixed).
For Whitefeld, Fabyans, Crawfords, Glen,
North Conway, Fryeburg, Portland,
Brunswick, Lewiston, Augusta, Waterville,
Bangor and st. John, 230 a. m, PAS p. m.
For Boston via North Conway, 2.30 a. m.
H. E. FOLSOM, D. ]. FLANDERS,
Supt. Gen. Pass. Agt.