The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1893-02-01

ance Wednesday at the annual meeting of
the Marion county farmers institute now
in session in the agricultural room of the
state house. The meeting was called to
order at 10 80 o'clock by the chairman, J.
Of welcome, and was ably responded to by
| W. w. Stevens of Salem.
The opening paper was read by Prot
\ w. A. Bell of this city. He took for his
/ subject "Nalue of Farmers Institutes"
and supported his opinion that the iDsti-
/ tute was an invaluable aid 10 the farmer
| by noting the success of those who at
tended over the farmers who re-
NAMED at home raising scrub stock and
becoming calamity howlers because of
what they call poor crop failures. "Ex-
! perience." said he. is a dear school. but
fools will learn in no other. Farmers are
not fools. therefore learn from experience
of others, and because they have done 60
they stand in higher plane. The time
| is coming, aud now is. that man must
know himself thoroughly to do we'll. The
farmer must keep step with the march of
civilization or he will be left behind.
| Reading and coming together for the COM
mon good is the best experiment to the
knowledge OF al, and consequently those
who do not attend farmers institutes have
inferior products" This was followed by
q general discussion of the subject, and
Prof. T. J. McAvoy read a paper entitled
How to Read" His suggestions were
principally on careful choice OF books
and papers, and how and when to read
| them.
When the afternoon session was called
G. b. Harris of Goshen. who was to read
| paper on "Dsirving," was not present and
| the time until his arrival was taken up
with a discussion Of how 10 raise potatoes
and the best means of securing ra'es for
| the transportation of farm products to the
worlds lair. DR.. E. II. Collins Of Carmel
read a paper on Farm Fertility" He
spoke of the necessity of ferti izing the
soil in order to have il productive. Drain
age warmth and moisture are needed to
produce fertility. The tillage," said he.
lis simply breaking up the clod and the
whole secret of drainage is to lower the
water so the oxygen permeates the soil
instead, aud if you wish to bring out latent
fertility the air must be let into the soil,
which slowly pu verizes It"
&. b. Harris OF Goshen, then gave
| general talk on dairying, how to take care
OF the COWS, etc He said that in order to
be successful the farmer must get out OF
the general purpose rut and get into the
general purpose highway, devote more at
tention TO his farm and stock and not
work on the plan that anything is good
enough for a hos"
Mrs Julia ID. Waugh OF Charlottesville
read an interesting paper on THE Typical
Farmer" Mrs. Waugh was raised on
| 70 nd - ha
WINGED her hearers that she was thor
oughly acquainted with her subject.
"Hoosierdom," said she, ''hss thrown off
the mantle OF odiuIn and stands today the
peer of any sister She invites the mer-
chant, the miner, the manufacturer, the
quarrvman. farmer, scientist and scholar.
Ownership gives an Independence to be
fostered in no other way. With such
conditions il is time to anticipate the
coming of q typical farmer il indeed he
does not already exist as rare specimen.
milk, Butter and Cows" was the sub
ject of a paper read by Prof. @. 5. Plumb
OF Lafayette. The speaker first pointed
out the qualities OF good milch COW,
without reference to breed. Jersey and
Guernsey cows give a richer milk than
Holsteins or Ayrshires. That is because
the per cent. OF fat in the milk is greater
with the former than the latter. The av-
craze per cent. OF fat in milk is 81. and
JERSEYS exceed this amount and Hol-
stems fall below it. The average am cunt
OF water in milk is IS per cent
So far as we are able to deter mine from
figures at our command, the average Indl-
ana COW yields ninety pounds OF butter
vesr The daryman should never be sat
isfied with less than 500 pounds of butter
per cow per year, and should keep a rec
j Il ~ he -1aIA n cen in mil r nd
butter and weed out all animals not pro-
ducing at least 300 pounds.
The tardy members of the farmers in
stitute arrived in great numbers Wednes-
dav night and Thursday morning and
consequently when the chairman raped
for order nearly every seat in the room
was occupied and the attendance was
double what it was the day previous.
w. ". Stevens of Salem read the open
ing paper. He took for his subject,
Saving and Applying Manures" He set
forth that the successful farmer stops
every waste and makes use of every valu-
able resource, and that the manure pile
was the farmers saving bank All waste
matter should be gathered, stored into
suitable pits and taken into the fields
after the harvest or during the winter
when the other work wss less pressing.
The next paper read was by e. Il. Hsr-
ris of Goshen on the subject of "Silo and
SiIage" "Siiage," said he. "can be made
from rye, oats. clover, millet and corn"
He got fifteen tons OF settled silage from
an acre and fed it TO tho COWS. 1t cost
3. SO in six months for each COW. which,
with inseed oil meal, oat straw and
pasture, made a'total cost throughout the
of cents a COW a day. Good silage would
cure all the evils now attending dairying
and farming.
Mrs. Julia d. Waugh of Charlottesville
read her second paper, the subject of
which wss Husbands and Wives as Bust
ness Partners" Il believe in the German
law" said she, ''that man should own q
thousand dollars worth Of prop
erty before he can est a marriage
license. Marriage to great extent
is business transaction, g fair exchange
of possessions. provisioag and protection
for love, honor and care. When hus-
band rates his wife less than his business
partner he reflects on his mother. A
mans fields should be his wlfe's. and the
purse should be joint possession" Mrs.
Waugh urged the farmer not TO spend all
the income from the farm upon himself
or in buying agricultural implements, but
that the wifes work should have the adj
vantage OF all modern conyeniences and
have her share in the pleasures
This paper was followed by a general