davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
The Word Zero,
Amite County.

The word "zero'' is from the
Spanish and means nothing. Here
is one story about its first use for
a thermometer in 1895 by Prus-
sian merchant named Fahrenheit.
From a boy Fahrenheit was
close observer of nature, and
when only ten years old, in the
remarkably cold winter of 1909,
he experimental by putting snow
and salt together and noticed that
it produced a degree of cold equal
to the coldest day of the year.
And that day being the coldest day
that the oldest inhabitant could
remember, Fahrenheit was the
most struck with the coincidence
of his little scientific discovery
and hastily concluded that he had
found the lowest degree of tenn
perature known in the world, eth
natural or artificial.
He called the degree zero and
constructed a thermometer, a rude
weather glass, with scale grad
uating up from zero to boiling
point, which he numbered 212,
and freezing point 80, because, as
he thought, mercury contracted
the 32d of its volume ON being
cooled down from the tempera-
ture of freezing water to zero and
expanded the 10sth on being heat
ed from the freezing to the boil
ing point.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
[ISSISSIPPI TUESDAY. SEPTEMBER 26, 1898
NO. 16.
The Machine.

The latest "machine'' out, is
the political "machine" now
grinding at Washington, d. G.
Its trade mark is c., c., G. & Co.
Cleveland, Carlisle, Catchings
& Co. The "machine" controls
the Executive and is running
Congress in the interest of con-
centrated wealth and monopoly.
Its power over Congress is 50
complete that many weak Con-
gressmen know that it will
not do to incur the displeasure of
the ''machine" and hence, party
platforms are openly violated and
the wishes of an overwhelming
majority of the people are disre-
garded. The money power owns
the "machine' and the "ma-
chine is controlling and shaping
the legislation in the interest of
its masters. What are those who
put the "machine in power, to do
about it! Why, nothing, gen
tlemen-only to stand and take
your medicine straight; for did
you not 60 into their convention
and pledge yourselves to stand by
the nominees, and delegated the
s'machine' full power to act
Now if they get IL little "off,
they will explain this all away, by
the next convention time, and you
can just 60 and pledge yourselves
again. Nothing like sticking to
the party, you know!
CLODHOPPER.
Amite County.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
Good Advice.

The Rams Horn says: 1t pays:
To be kind and courteous always;
to spend your evenings at home
with your family; to read books
that will make you think and dig
down into yourself; to be a
worker in any cause will make
people wiser and better; to be
patient with children, and take
time to answer their questions;
to take fully as much interest in
your children as you do your live
stock; to be honest in all your
dealings, and to SO live that you
can respect yourself; to reach
out hand of help to the fallen,
and to speak words of cheer to
the discouraged.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
MOsBY At HAMILTON.
Down Loudon lanes with swinging
reiens

Down Loudon lanes with swinging
reigns
And clash of spur and sabre,
And bugling of the horn,
Six score and eight we rode at morn,
Six score and eight of Southern born.
All tried i'm love and labor.
Full in the sun at Hamilton,
We met the South's invaders;
Who over fifteen hundred strong,
Mid blazing homes had marched along
All night, with Northern shout and
song,
To crush the rebel raiders.
Down Loudon lanes with streaming
names,
We spurred in wild March weather;
And all along our war-scarred way
The graves of Southern heroes lay,
Our guide-posts to revenge that day,
AS we rode grim together.
Old tales still tell some miracle
Of saints in holy writing
But who shall say why hundreds fled
Before the few that Mosby led,
Unless the noblest of our dead
Charged with us then when fighting!
While Yankee cheers still stunned our
ears,
OF troops at Harper's Ferry,
While Sheridan led on his Huns,
And Richmond rocked on roaring guns,
We felt the South still had some sons
She would not scorn to bury.
Madison Cdrein IN Fetter's Southern
Magazine.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
THE EMERGENCY FUND.
Prompt and Generous RespOn-
SeS. Now for 25c COllec.
ton.
Headquarters
Prohibition National Committee,
Albion, Mich, Sept. 15, 1893.

Responses to our appeal for II
special Emergency Fund are
coming in with Il gratifying
promptness that indicates wide
spread interests and activity. We
asked for remittances Of 81. 90
each from all who felt able to
contribute. Up to date we have
received responses from $50 per-
sons contributing an aggregate
of 81, $50, individual contribu-
tions ranging from 1926 to so
cents. Every mail increases the
amount. \ list of the contribu-
tors will be printed in The CITI-
ZEN for October and a copy mail
ed to each. In view of the exi-
gency in Iowa and the impor-
tance of aiding other states we
feel that this fund should not
stop short of So, 900.
Will not every friend who
reads this paragraph send US
something to help push these i'm
portant fall campaigns! Send
$1.OO or more if you can, BUT
SEND SOMETHING. Thirty cents
will buy a twenty-five cent pos
tai note and a two cent stamp,
and almost everybody can afford,
even in these times, to invest
thirty cents to help Iowa and
Ohio and Virginia. Every dol
lar contributed will 60 to do i'm
portant work. We ought to have
10, 900 responses within a week.
Sums of S1.OO and upward will
be acknowledge by mail. All
sums will be announced in The
CITIZEN and a copy mailed to
each contributor.
The work is pressing and the
opportunity great. Will you
help us! If you cannot contrib
ute money can you not give an
hours. time! One man sends
800 with the remark, "I've no
money but this is from seven
friends. Not a man refused me. "
How many will do likewise! Our
work requires prompt action.
SAMUEL DICKIE,
Chairman,
Albion, Mich.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
THE WORLDS FAIR
And American Railways.

THE QUEEN & CRESCENT ROUTE wide
ly known as the road running the
"Finest Trains in the South, is in the
field to carry everybody from the
South to the Worlds Fair at Chicago.
No part of the Southern country is
left uncared for by this great railway
and it's connections. The Through
Car System is an admirable exposition
of the wonderful capabilities of Amer
ican railroading. From New Orleans
Through Sleeping cars run daily, morn
ing and evening, carrying its passen-
gers via Cincinnati or Louisville, as
they may select.
From Shreveport, Vicksburg and
Jackson another Through Sleeping
Car Line comes to join and become a
part of the magnificent Vestibuled
Through trains, which passing through
Birmingham and the famous Wills Val
ley of Alabama, is joined at Chatta-
nooga by the train from Jacksonville,
Fla, Brunswick. and Atlanta, Ga, over
the E., T. V. & Ga. Ry., and proceeds
north over the beautiful Cincinnati
Southern, through the grandest natur-
al scenery and most attractive histori-
cal country in the world, to Oakdale,
where another magnificent Pullman
car is received, coming from the Rich
mond & Danville System from Charles
ton, s. c., through Columbia, S. c., the
beautiful French Broad county, and
Ashville, N. c., and Knoxville, Tenn.
The time to Chicago is made so as to
afford the most convenient hours for
departures from the principal cities,
and arrivals in Chicago.
Passengers can purchase tickets good
over one line north of the River, and
returning via another if they desire a
variable route without extra charge.
Or they can go via Cincinnati, return
ing via Louisville, or vice versa.
Round trip tickets on sale at reduced
rates. Agents of the Chicago line will
on request assist in looking up rooms
or accommodation for visitors to the
Fair.
Everything that an almost perfect
system can devise to deserve the praise
and patronage of the travelling public
has been provided. Any of the agents
of the company named below, will
cheerfully give all possible informa-
ton and assistance. r. H. GARRETT.
New Orleans, La. l. HARDY, Vicksburg,
Miss. j. r. McGREGOR, Birmingham,
Ala. E. T. CHARLTON, Chattanooga,
Tenn. w. ID. COzATT, Junction City,
or ID. G. EDWARDS, Cincinnati, o.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
Afraid Of the Truth.

EDITOR LEADER - Sometime
ago, | offered to loan The LEAD
Err and several other reform pa
pers to a "Bourbonite,' with a
request that he read them, but he
declined to take them, and said
he was ''Democrat" and could
not afford to read such papers.
"Why, said l, are you afraid to
read the truth :" s'NO, said he,
but l don't want to be converted
against my party"
Is it not very strange, that
men with intelligence, in other
respects, when it comes to poll
tics, can be too prejudiced to ac-
cept the truth! l told him that
we reformers read the Courier
Journal, the most "wishy-washy'
sheet extant, and one too, that
had the audacity to say, that the
book of Job Holy Writ was a
myth.
No, sir, they don't want the
truth-they are joined to their
idol-''my good party But We
think, &c cotton, Sc wool, soc
wheat and dead silver dollar,
will cause some people to. open
their eyes, discard their preju-
dices and accept the truth yet.
CLODHOPPER.
A~~;ta CDunku
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
Negroes Appointed to Office.


1t seems to be thought neces-
sary by both old political parties
to recognize the negro race by
appointments in the foreign ser
vice of the United States. Here
tofore it has been the custom
to commission colored men as
representatives of this country
only to such countries us Liberia
and Hayti, but Mr.. Cleveland
has adopted the entirely new pol
icy of sending a few colored men
to white countries, and white
men to black countries.
The most CONSPICUOUS negroes
recently nominated were Chas.
TAYLOR, of Kansas, to be minister
to Bolivia, and HI. c. G. Asst
wood, of Louisiana, to be consul
to Calais. Only few years ago
these men were the most radical
of Republicans, and Astwood will
be remembered in Louisiana as
one Of the most offensive and in
solent of negro politicians.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
mi ~ n HAS 1T DONE
kln CAN 1T DO

The original and only genuine Compound Oxy-
gen treatment, that of Drs. Starkey & Palen, is
a scientific adjustment of the elements Of OXy-
gen and Nitrogen magnetized; and the compound
is so condensed and made portable that it is sent
all over the world.
1t has been in use for over twenty years;
thousands of patients have been treated, and
over one thousand physicians have used it and
recommended it-a very significant fact.
compound Oxygen-Its Mode Of Action and
Results" is the title of a book of 200 pages.
published by Drs. Starkey & Palen, which give
to all enquirers full information as to this re-
markable curative ageut and good record of
surprising cures in wide range of chronic
cases-many of them after being abandoned to
die by other physicians.
VIII be mailed free to any address on appli-
cation. DRs. STARkEY q PALEN.
1879 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
100 Suffer Street, San Francisco, Cal.
Please mention this paper-nOv126m
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
IOWA METHODISTS.
They Adopt Ringing ResOlu-
tiOns Repudiating the Re
publican Party.

P'-' -
The great Iowa Methodist
Conference which closed its work
at Mt. Pleasant a week ago,
adopted resolutions repudiating
the Local Option plank and anti
Prohibition candidates of the Re
publican party. The following
are extracts from the resolutions.
sIn opposition to all contrary
statements we maintain that Pro-
hibition has been of inestimable
value to Iowa in tho banishment
of the saloon from the larger
portion of the State, and would
have been in every community
had honest and persistent efforts
been made. 1t is our abiding
conviction that there is no form
in which the liquor traffic can be
legalized without sin; so that we
protest and refuse to be bound by
any political platform that pro-
poses the return of any legalized
saloons to any city or hamlet in
our commonwealth, and we are
not in favor of banishing the sa-
loon from one community and
fastening it upon another.
1--WE will use all lawful means
and influence to secure the cleo
ton of such executive and mem
bers of the General Assembly as
will pledge themselves against
any backward movement on this
great question, SO dear to the
hearts of all who love home and
country, and to defeat such can
didates as are in favor of any
form of licensing the liquor traf-
fic.
'In the murder of DIR. Had
dock, and especially in the late
murderous attempts of the liquor
traffic upon the homes and lives
of our friends in Muscatine we
recognize faint intimation of
the real character of this monster
iniquity that has grown gray in
the work of wrecking homes and
damning souls. We hear in
these outrages the voice of God
calling upon us to press forward
with intensified purpose to work
for its determination.
"All admission or assumption
made by any political platform
that Prohibition cannot be en-
forced is utterly untrue, and as
such is opposed to the dignity OF
Christian civilization. 1t is ut
terly inconsistent for any Chris
tian to vote for the legalizing of
sin, and we stand upon the posi-
ton taken by our church on this
great question"
This report was unanimously
adopted. The conference is the
oldest in the State, and includes
such important cities as Burling-
ton, Muscatine, Ottumwa, Mt.
Pleasant, Keokuk and Fort Mad
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
Amite County.

The discussion in the Senate has
been long drawn out, and the
end is not in sight. Still as Mr..
Voorhees, said when smarting un-
der the lash of Wall street bank
ers, criticism of Eastern papers,
and possibly the nudging of the
administration, the Senate has
had no cloture rule or previous
quetion since 1906, when it was
abandoned and never claimed
since, not even during the peril
GUS era of the war between the
States.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26

The President has appointed
Hon. Geo. w. Glyck, the last
anti Prohibition Governor Of
Kansas, to be pension agent at
Topeka.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
Keeping the Faith.

"Has my boy been a little de-
fender and been kind to dumb an
imals today9"
"Yes, grandma. | let your
canary out of the cage, and when
my cat caught it i sct Towser on
her. Life.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26

In his speech Col. Stockdale
took the position that the cause
of the late panic was the scheme
of the gold brokers to demone-
tize silver.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26

AS was foreshadowed some
weeks ago, Mr.. VIM. b, Horn
blower, of New York has been
appointed to fill the vacancy on
the Supreme Court bench. The
court can now ssblow its own
horn"
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
ARE you ACQUAINTED WITH
Literary Digest,
A Weekly Compendium of the
ContemporaneOus Thought
Of the World.


i0n might expend 81 900 year for American
and foreign periodicals, and devote eight hours
sday to reading them, and then not keep your
self as well abreast of the thought and discus
son OF the world as you can now by investing
SOay year In THE LITERARY DIGEST and
spending three hours a week reading it,
In this unique weekly periodical. OF 81 quarto
pages, are presented in English, carefully writ
zen condensations of all the noteworthy arti-
ees appearing in the magazines, reviews and
important journals of America, England, France,
eialn, Australia, Italy, Russia and other cOnti-
hehtal countries. The translatiOns and cOndcn-
a1ions are In every case prepared especially for
ihE LITERARY DIGEST by its own editors
and translators.
iss BOOK Digests are not reviews, "bO0k no
uces nor criticques, but faithful Dlgests, let
ans the book tell its own story.
IL gives weekly Index of Periodical Litera-
'a'e' and OF books arranged by titles, etc.
~ also gives, each week, n Cosmopolitan
,hronicle Of Current Events.
'oLuME w., FOR SIX MONTHS. CONTAINS
Number of articles--Total, COZ.
iS Political, 124 Sociological, 12S Science and
,,um'osoply, 90 Religious. Ii9 Educational, Al
miscellaneous, etc.
ron Leading magazines Total, go.
american. &c English, % German, 30 French,
v'ner foreign: Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey,
'Aaia, Korea, Russia, Sweden, ETC., "a.
Also the Book Digest about 1900 liberal ex-
rac's from the press Of the world on all Vital
'opcs OF the Day, etc., etc
HOW IT IS APPRECIATED.
onver Wendell Holmes writes: "The
ikhAnv DIGEST seems to me TO supply a
as' which Is felt alike by professional scholars
and common readers
! Mah! hundreds OF representative men In all
'aAs OF life write in praise Of this periodical
Weekly; Subscription Price es
year; sample copies. 10 cts.
FUNK & WAGNALLS CO.
Publishers,
- and 20 Astor Place, N. Y,
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26

Gov. st. John is leading the
Prohibition campaign in Ohio.
Mississippi leader. (Jackson, Miss.) 1892-1895, 1893-09-26
SPRING i 1898.

NEW MATTINGs,
In all Grades.
CHINA MATING,
Beautiful Parlor Patterns Mt 25c.
JAPANESE MATTINGS,
In their Most Unique Designs.
COTTON WARP MATING,
In all Grades.
INLAID WHITE MATING,
New Designs.
The Penn's Grove record., 1893-10-06
NUMBER IL.

pet Mills, at Lowell, full time; Hamil-
ton Woollen Company, at Amesbury,
full time and reduction of wages; Lam
caster Bingham Mills, at Clinton, full
time and reduction of 10 per cent.
Everett and Pemberton Mills, at Law
renee, full time, also portion of the Ar
lington Cotton Mills; Parkville Co., at
Fitchburg, with 10 to 10 per cent. re-
duction in wages, on full time; also on
full time, Fitchburg Worsted Company,
Beoli and Baltic Mills, with 10 per
cent. reduction. Putnam Machine
Company, at West Fitchburg. Mill
No, 4, of Fitchburg Paper Company,
on full time.
Many citizens of Auburn, Maine. are
urging the Mayor to request the Cover
nor to call out the militia to suppress
the lawlessness of the crowds of men
and boys who attack the Armenians
employed to take the places of the
union %shoemakers. As the Armenians
were leaving the shops they were at
tackled, but succeeded in reaching their
hotel unframed.
The weavers of the Farwell Woollen
Mills, Central Falls, Rhode Island, and
forty of the employees of the New Eng
band Electrolytic Company, of the same
village, refused to accept cut-downs in
wages, and left the establishments. =
The Penn's Grove record., 1893-10-06

The Moorish Government has been
cowed completely by Spain's prepar-
atoms for war. 1t has promised to
make any reparation and has assured
Spain of its most earnest efforts to re-
press the sayages of the hostile tribes.
Messengers have been sent already to
warn all tribes near Melilla against i'm
terfering with the Spaniards, whose
right to build forts is acknowledged and
proclaimed by the Moors. The Gov
eminent threatens to infict the sever
est penalties on those d~isregarding this
right.
These mountaineers are practically
pirates, most of them knowing sea as
well as they do the mountains in which
they live.
1t was only a short time ago that the
Spanish gunboat Isla De Luzon was
sent to effect the rescue of the crew of
a Spanish trading vessel who had fallen
into the hands of the Riff pirates. The
mission of the gunboat was unsuccess-
full, and the fate of the captiyes has
never been known. &,
They were probably sold into slavery
in the interior, Among the >csptives
was a Spanish woman.
LONDON, Oct. 3.-The Madrid CORE
spondent Of the Standard says that 100
Spaniards were disabled in the battle at
Melilla. 8
The Penn's Grove record., 1893-10-06
The Meekrat Of South Africa.

The meekrat of South Africa bears a
resemblance to the American prairie
dog, but is more easily domesticated.
1t is a tiny little creature about as big
as o rat, very intelligent and affection
ate as a dog when tanned. 1t banks
and chatters and purrs, is an inveter-
ate thief and spends much of its time
standing upright. Its fur is gray,
marked somewhat Ikea tabby cat,
and it is wholly without fear. The
dog is its favorite animal, and when
tanned the meekrat invariably attaches
itself to the most good natured dog in
the house. When wild these little
animals live in colonies as the prairie
dogs, burrowing their homes under
ground, living on roots. They ex-
press supreme satisfaction by lying
fat down and stretching themselves
out SO that they seem like a fiat skin
without any bones inside it. The lit
tie creatures have black circles around
their eyes, a stripe running under
meath their bodies for its entire length
and long, curving black claws on their
little forepaws.-Chicago Herald.
The Penn's Grove record., 1893-10-06

"A botanlst has found by experiment
that there are grown in the country six
teen species Of trees which, when thor
oughly soaked, will sink in water.
Our half dollar is one-half the
weight of the silver ive-franc piece of
France, Belgium and Switzerland. of
the five-lire coin to Italy. of the five
peseta of Spain, of the five-drachma
of Greece, and exactly the same as the
form of Austria.
Paper has been made of lmost
everything, not excepting iron.
The Corean does not have the trou-
BILE of carrying his umbrella IN his hand.
1t is like a n ordinary umbrella in
shape, only it is smaller and has no han
die. 1t is made of oil paper and is worn
on the head over the hat.
The use of aluminium has been pro-
posed for boats, balloon cars, trotting
sulkies, flying machines and all pur-
poses where lightness is durable. At
present its cost, seventy cents a pound,
5 against it.
"A Western geologist says that Kan
sas can raise wheat for another thousand
years before exhausting the necessary
properties of the soil.
The Penn's Grove record., 1893-10-06

More than 81, 900 petitioners have
been presented to the British Parlia-
ment at this session, q number only
once exceeded.
The Penn's Grove record., 1893-10-06
The Farmers Mutual Fire ms Co.
sAs.EM COUNTY.
VOLUME

sALEM COUNTY.
OSyIcE-HEAD OF MARKET ST., SALEM.
TyMIS old and reliable Company OF 80 years
standing continues to insure all kinds Vt
property, not extra hazardous. In town or cOun-
try for any length OF time not exceeding i've
years at as low rates as will pay losses and ex-
damage by either. Its losses are promptly ad-
justed and paid. Its funds On hand are ample
TO meet all probable loss, being larger than at
any previous time OF its existence and steadily
increasing, while Its reserve assets are nf a
character and amount to surely meet all losses
however extraordinary, and cannot be t~rittered
away by unfortunate investment or defaultinR
offcers.
Waddington, William b. Carpenter, Wooinuu
Petit, Quinton ?. Harris, }. II SinnickSun, c.
II. Sinnickson, Barclay Grtsci IN, j g., Hullue,
Charles Hires, and Josiah Wistar, ID, F, Grter
Executive Committee-W. b, Carpenter
President; Charles W, Casper. Joseph Wac
who meet weekly, on Seventh day, at 5 o'olocl
secretary and Treasurer-woodnutt Petit,
10 whom applicants may be made in relation
ct the ONO ' of the Company, $50 East Broad
II addition to the above the following per.
soma have been elected Agents anS surveyors;
X. M. Hltchner, Elmer.
George B. Grler, WOodstown.
Josiah Summerill, Penn's Grove.
Daniel D. Hitchner, COhanssy.
j. Forman S~innickson, l.. r. Neck
John Hltchner, Alloway.
Joseph B. Liyezey, Berkeley.
David ID. Griscom, Marion, Nj.
George +; Morrison, Salem
WI. b. CARprNrKR, President.
WoeDNuTr PETITE, Sec'y and Treasurer.