davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call., 1893-05-28

ness to present to the Lick Observatory two
splendid engagements, made by him from "a
copy OF negative taken at Mount Hamilton,
on July IA. 1891. The enlargements are on a
scale of seveniy-nine English inches TO the
moons diameter. reduced cory OF one Of
these is given on another page. The
definition is good throughout. The grain
of the Carbon paper employed Is net
so manifest as the grain of the glass en-
largements which we have made here on the
same scale. The contrasts of light and shade
OF the original plate are perhaps better pre-
served on the whole in our glass reproductions
than In the carbon copies 1t is thus manifest
that our original negatives can be enlarged on
paper up to VI Paris feet in diameter by
purely Photographic processes in an entirely
satisfactory manner. The Lick Observatory
has no facilities for making enIargements Of
this sort upon paper. aud we have made no ex-
perments in engagements except upon glass
plates for lack of funds. The highly successful
experiments OF Baron Rolhschild are therefore
all the more welcome.
The morning call., 1893-05-28

brief and 10 avoid the long pleambles required
10 explain certain technical matters which are
necessary 10 be understood before the present
sta'e Of difficult and important problems can be
described. One is naturally led 10 choose the
simpler subjects and the more Intere sting,
whether they are the most important or not.
1 may give an example which recently oe-
Cured 10 Illustrate this.
The observatory possesses a splendid meri-
dian circle which is designed to determine The
positions of stars-their IoHgitudrs and lati-
ludes-witi the highest attanabe precision
Fer example. it is necessary to measure the
distance between the north pole (of the heav-
ens) and star near the celestial equator with
an error less than one-haIf second; TO meas
ure an are of 324. 600 seconds with an error less
than irs one six x.hmdred-thousandth part. was
speaking of THIS work 10 an extremely intelli-
gent gentleman who taxes lively interest in
everything lelatug 10 the university and the
observatory when be referred to such work as
his as merely routine work. He was evil
DGly quoting the words OF some person who
did not comprehend the value OF the final
resnl IS obtained. nor understand the decacy
and The beauty OF the processes involved, nor
appreciate the mathematical and observatioua
skiIl of The astronomers who are engaged in
these observations which are the must delicate
Of any praciced.
The illustration of measuring distance say
the distance of a foot, with an error no greater
than lis -siX-hundred-thousandth part may
serve 10 give some general idea of the matter;
and yet nothing less than thorough training
in practical astronomy would be sufficient to
make my very intelligent friend comprehend
that just such ''routine observations nave led
10 what is probably the most important discov-
cry Of this cenIury-Damely. Mr.. Chandlel's re-
cent discovery that the geographical latitLdes of
places on the earth 20 through a cycle of
change every 43o $40 days.
The discovery of new members Of The solar
and stellar systems is easily understood and it
may lead 10 very important conclusions and
consequences. Que of tile first duties of OBJ
serving astronomy Is TO complete the inventory
of nature.
Each new body added 10 the list already
known takes US just so much further toward a
complete account. And each new body may
lead to new views as to the evolution of the sys.
TEN itself
Ii is for this reason that DR.. Barnard's dis
coyery oil the fifth satellite OF Jupiter and Pro
fessor Halls discovery of the two satellites 10
Mars QS77) are to be considered as OF the very
highest interest and value.
The morning call., 1893-05-28
The Fifth Satellite of Jupiter

Was discovered here by DR.. Barnard on Sep
tember 8. 1892. 2S2 years after Calico dis
covered the first four These latter are all
large bodies. comparable IN size with our Moon ;
while the interest OF The new discovery is en-
haneed by The fact that the fifth satellite seems
almost to belong to different order OF bodies.
1t is probably not above 100 or so miles in di-
amatrr, and Gevolves very close 10 the primay y
in period of about II hours and SO minutes.
New asteroids and comets are frequently dis
covered Il twenty-five asteroids this year, but it
is about forty years since Bond al Cambridge
discovered a new satellite TO Saturn. and Las
sell in Liverpool two new satellites to Uranus,
and one TO Neptune.
Dr. Barnard has made great number Of
observations of his new satellite during the
past year, and these will be calculated during
The morning call., 1893-05-28
17|a]5 lIE|II57l|l'D =G l1ilfl'| I'|71 n
FBPI PUREI
<e!.!LE&ee' :! :
3 TfRAIA|Ao T
~ @LIFoRAIA.
BY MARTIN KELLOGG. PRESIDENT
OF THE UNIVERSITY OF
CALIFORNIA.

Until recently college training IN this State
mas been OF slow growth. The conditions of
lie were such as to discourage attendance at
The higher educational institutions. Quite re-
Gently marked change has tax en- place.
Ihere mas been rapid development in The
me OF college training; and by college training
Is meant not the mixed and imperfect courses
OF a so-called college or university. but such
courses as are established in the reputable in
stffutlons of the Eastern States.
The recent DEVELOPMENT has had IT'S causes In
the years OF slower growth that lie in the past
Ii Is about forty years since the first attempts
were made TO provide for the higher education
IN California Some projects fell 10 tie ground,
others seemed for while to promise success,
but later became embarrassed and gave way to
those which were more full of vitality. Dur
ing the past few years the development has
been much more rapid; indeed. there has been
q sudden expansion. AS with our so-cailed
century plant. there has been a remarkable
growth after years Of slow development; but
as with that plant 1t was necessary that he
previous conditions should exist for a consider
able time. The establishment OF a new uni
The morning call., 1893-05-28
A Large Reflector.

The following paragraph Is of so much iB.
terest to tile observatory that L call especial
attention 10 it,
An advertisement in Astronomy and Astro-
Physics for February, 1892, announces that the
threefoot ref1eetIng telescope made for DR.. A. A.
Common. and aft5rward sold by him to Mr..
GledhiIl. Is for sale, together with its dome, etc
he price is $3.50, which is about half its cost
to lis present owner. This is the Instrument
with which DR.. Common made his beautiful
photographs of the Nebula of Orion, ETC., for
which he received the gold medal of tile Royal
Astronomical Society IN 1884. Such an instru-
ment is exactly suited for photographs of
nebul3, comets and planets, aud also for spec
troseopic observations. and the capital results
obtained by DR.. Common i'll the uncertain eli
mate OF England give some idea of what might
be expected if il were moun;ed in a situation
like that AT Mount Hamilton. l know of no
better way to supplement the large refracting
telescope of The Lick Observatory than by add
Ing large reflector 10 our equipment. The
site for such an instrument is already selected
and the work awaits IT, he important item
lacking is The money 10 provide for the cost of
the instrument Itself, and for setting it up
ready for work here. Ten thousand dollars
Will do this, and will found separate depart
ment here, 10 be named after tile donor. AS
soon as The telescope is mounted results will be
obtained with il. Z he investment will be iin-
mediately productive. Ii the Lick Observatory
possessed this three-fool reflector mounted here
near lis three-foot refractor it would have an
instrumental equipment at least as Elective as
the great telescope lately ordered by Mr. Yerkes,
If the latter is 10 be set up in the compara-
lively unfavorable situation proposed for it
near ChioaUo
The morning call., 1893-05-28

tion OF December, 1889, 10 Cayenne South
America (sent at the cost of Colonel C. T.
Crocker, regent OF the university, was
only partly successful on account of un-
favorable weather. The study OF the photo
graphs of the two eciipses of 1888 led Proies-
sor Schaeberle of the observatory to bis theory
OF the solar corona, which is fully stated in the
publications OF The Astronomical Society Of the
Pacific. This theory enables one to predict be-
forehand the general form which the corona
VIII have at any future eclipse, and explains,
in a general way, why 1t must have this
form.
In January, 1898, Professor Sebae berle pub
lished drawing of the solar corona as it
would appear at the next solar eclipse Of April,
1898.
4 very timely gift of money from Mrs. Sena-
Tor Hearst enabled the observatory TO dispatch
Professor Schaeberle, with a suitable photo
graphic equipment, to Chile TO observe this
eclipse and 10 test his theory. News recently
received from him shows that his expedition
was entirely successful, and that the fifty pho
tographs which he secured corroborate his
theory to the full The corona which actually
appeared in April was the same, in its general
character, as the coronal drawing published by
him as prediction in January. A science Is
complete when it is able to predict phenome-
non with the same precision with which this
phenomenon can be subsequently observed.
This cannot yet be done for the corona; but
if the Photographs taken In South America
fully confirm the telegraphic news we shall be
obliged 10 admit that the discovery of Professor
Schaebere is one of the most brilliant achieve
ments of The time.
From the century of Pliny until now the
solar corona has been observed with wonder,
and has been relegated 10 tie category of I'M
explained mysteries. The theory OF Professor
Schaeberlr appears TO explain Its general char
aetr,istics. and TO bring 1t under the head OF
orderly phenomeua.
have already exceeded the limits Of space
allotted TO me. without doing more than to
barely touch upon few Of the more important
researches in progress here. Others, scarcely
less valuable. are necessarily passed over. For
instance, have not said a word regarding the
very elaborate and satisfactory observations OF
Mars made at Mount Hamilton during the past
year. These, again, will be fully described In
the publications of our astronomical society.
The State of California has every reason to
be satisfied with the performance OF the astro-
norIical department OF IFS university aud the
comparatively small sum which Mr.. Lick
devoted out of his large fortune 10 his observa-
tory is yielding steady and gratifying return.
This Is due not only 10 the splendid equipment
which he provided but quite as much to the
indefatigable work of the astronomers here
and to the steady support OF our Board Of
Regents. The income OF this observatory is
much less than one-half OF that OF the principal
observatories OF the world-of Paris, Green
wch, ST. Petersburg, and Harvard College. II
only needs a slight additional endowment TO
produce even more important results.
The morning call., 1893-05-28

here and by various astronomers elsewhere;
notably. by Professor Weinek, director of the
Observatory OF Pragut, VINO devotes pearly all
his lime TO this work. In a short time The OBJ
servatory will publish a volume of studies of
The moons surface, illustrated by beautiful
heiograyures made from drawings by Pro.
lessor Weinek copied from our negatives; and
also made directly from III. negatives them
selves. Very interesting and valuable dis
coveries of new craters new rilIs. ETC., on the
moon have already resulted from this work.
Tie cost OF the plates is provided for bv gift
from w. W. Law. Esq, of New York Ciry.
Without bis timely gift we should not be able
to make these publications.
Baron RolhscLlld of Vienna has had The kind
The morning call., 1893-05-28
The New Star in Aurira.

In February, 1892. new star was found in
Aurlga by DR.. Anderson OF E dinburgh, and il
has been asslduouslv observed here and else
where since that time. The great tee cope AT
Mount Hamilton and the use OF photography
by the observer professor CampbelD has given
US great advantages in this work. 1t is not too
much to say til I the whole subject OF the spec
ira of the biight-line stars and nebul9 must be
re-examined and accumulated in The light OF
recent work here. 1be conclusions reached
are Of extreme interest. but as the star Is
still under observation ana as the subject is
very complex l must pass it by and refer my
readers to the Publications of the Astronom cal
Society of the Pacific. where il is treated in de-
tail. One general remark of great importance
can be made. For more than a year this new
star has been observed by the most sklllful as
tronomers all over the world usually, however,
with bur small instruments. They have regu-
larry published their results, and if The great
IeIescore here had not been available these re-
suits would have gone into the history of science
The morning call., 1893-05-28
IN WORLDS AFAR.
Telescope Work of Great
Import.
THE LICK OBSERVATORY.
Professor HoIden's Review of
Recent Work There.
LOOKING AT JUPITER'S MOONS.
Some Valuable Discoveries That VIII
Greatly Aid Our Astronomical
Scientists.
LOOKING AT JUPITER's MOONS.

LICK OBSERVATORY. May 26.-I am very
Plao 10 comply with the request of The editor of
IHE CALL TO give here a short aceount OF the
recent doines of the Lick observatory The
Institution is so la ge, so many dltfe: ent fields
OF Work are occupied. and its corps OF oh.
servers is so competent and active, That ii is
necessary to select few of the more Interest
Ing pieces of work Tor notice and not attempt
to give them all. 1t does not follow that others
not mentioned here may not be equally i'm
poriant. Moreover, in writing a popular ae-
count like the present, it is necessary to be
The morning call., 1893-05-28

opportunities in fulur opportunities which
they VIII not fail TO enjoy in increasing num-
bers.
look forward 10 such future for college
training In California, not limit d, but com
plete in its equipments; not The privilege OF
the few nor the fashion of the rich, but the
golden, eversbeckonins opportunity of the
humbest boy or girl. rhe power OF culture OBJ
tanned Will call for Increasing culture in
branches of growing interest and utility. In
ereaSiBg numbers VIII tbrong our college halls.
In the good days to come this higher education
will be beneiicent in IFS social bearings. Ii will
not engenGer al lSe pride. but rather lncuicate
generous symnathy for all. A spirit OF mutual
helpfulness VIII thus be increased and pervade
the community, the desire aud the determua-
zion 10 bear one anotheJ's burdens. VIII these
educated young men and women remain poor?
It may be. IL is a hard world to live in, con-
sideied from the material point of view.
II Is easier now than Of old. The struggle for
maintenance WIS simply awful IN those earlier
times. Now there is more ambition than FORM
erly more aspiration, more divine discomfort
on the part OF those who feel the Impulses and
aspirations of the higher nature. Some insri-
tutiopS will arise thar will not be successful.
The most needed will survive. and between
them VIII exist, not a petty hostility, but gen
eIouS rivalry that VIII insure the highest good
of all. These institutions Tor college training
will be large factor in the future wealth and
true prosperity OF our State
The morning call., 1893-05-28

rs final hey were the best obtainabe with
the means employed. But in many cases they
are alsiie erroneous and lead to wrong conclu-
sions. This We Know from the Mount Hamilton
observations, and the gain to science from these
observations alone is an ample return for tn
whole cost OF the Lick Observatory. The same
may be said regarding the discovery of the new
satellite of JupIier-if. indeed, it is proper TO
estimate scientific successes in terms OF dollars
and cents, which 1t is not.
Study of the Moon by Photography.
Moon photographs are regularly taken wi II
the large telescope, and they are beng studied
The morning call., 1893-05-28
Nature of the SUMS Corona

The Lick Observatory has sent ont three
highly successful expeditions TO observe sol ar
eclipses and especially 10 study the nature OF
the solar c0rona-that mysterious appendage
which surrounds the sun.
The expedition OF January 1889, showed
how 10 obtain the most successful photographs
and registered the appearance OF very cou-
siderable extension of the corona, which was
first photographed at that eclipse. The expedi-
The morning call., 1893-05-28
Visitors to Mount Hamilton.

II deserves to be recorded that the Observa-
tory has been visited by more Than 10000
persons since it was opened In 1883.
l am able 10 say that th especial pains which
we all take to make such visits useful and iu-
structiye are widely recognized and appre-
ciated
The morning call., 1893-05-28

l wish to call especial attention 10 the fact
that nearly all OF these students are either
full professors or assistant professors in charge
OF their own observatories. To teach the
teachers is the especial function of university
as distinguished from a college.
The morning call., 1893-05-28
The Mills Spectroscope.

The present Star-spectroScope OF the 36-inch
equatorial was designed tor visual observations
only. The work OF Messrs. keeler and Camp
bell has shown 1t TO be entirely satisfactory in
This Kind of observation. Mr.. Campbelps
Photographic spectroscopy has been done SO
far by simply replacing its eyepiece by small
camera. But tie construction OF The instru-
ment does not give enough stability to allow OF
long-continued Photographic exposures. In
such cases feXure must be provided against by
setting the Whole optical train ligidly within
trussed beam OF some sort, either as designed
by Professor VogeI at Pot>dam or Professors
Hale and Keeler at Chicago and Allegheny.
Professor Campbell has worked out plans of
this sort, and Hon. d. o. Mills OF New York
has generously provided the necessary money
TO carry out the plans. The instrument will
probably be at work during the present sum
mer.
The Graduate School of Astronomy.
The folowng-named persons will be with us
during "A part or the whole of the academic
year. We shall beobligeo TO decline 10 receive
any others ON account of lack of suitable
quarters
s. j. Cunningham, Sc D., professor OF aSlron-
onIy and dileciGr of The observatory, SwaIth
more olege, Pennsylvania. Special
! William j. Hnssey. BIS. C.E.. assistant pro-
! fessor of astronomy. Stanford University Cali
! fOruia. Special.
| %. LcuScEner "A, Instructor of astron-
/ 0nly IN the University ot California. Berkeley
! Caud. Phil.
/ Henry ) Pritchett, MA, professor of astron-
| ony and director OF tie observatory, Washing
! ton Univ rSItv, ST. Louis, Mo. Special
Herman ID. StearnS, B.A.. instructor IN
physics IN the Stanford University, California.
! Special.
sidney d. Towniey. BIS, MS, Hearst fel-
/ low in astronomy. Cand. Phil.
The morning call., 1893-05-28
Discovery of Comet by Photography

The first comet discovered by Photographic
means was found by Dr. Barnard on one of hls
negatives of the Milky Way on October IL,
1892. This is. no doubt, the first one of long
series Of such discoveries to be made in the fu-
ture
The morning call., 1893-05-28

The coming summer for tie determination of its
orbit by Professor Pritchetr. The results of
this calculation will be of considerable in
poitance. New problems In celestial mechan-
les are likely to be suggested by the motions of
this tiny speck among its er at congeners.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1893-09-05
EMIN PACHA'S END.
Oct aiIs of His Murder Ey OLD Tan
g~angika's Son-Eaten. Too.

Oct ails of His Murder Ky OLD Tan
gangika's ~Son-Eaten, Too.
Ba Gable to the United Press,
LONDON, Sept. 5. IS93.-The Rev. II. J.
Swami. the Ujuji missionary who yester-
day made public an accouut of Emiu
Pacha's death. said in an interview this
morning.
II am unable to give all the actual in
cidents of DR.. Emin's death. The nara
tive made public by me yesterday
contained about all the details of the
murder as / learned them,
1.-The immediate cause OF the Arab
hostility to Emip was their belief that he
had hanged summarily six Arabs at the
Stanley end Of Victoria Nyanza because
they refused to barter with him.. The
story was never denied aud was accepted
as truth even by the Europeans.
"Wheu Emin was murdered he was
separated from his aud was
travelling with thirty Nu6ian followers
towards the East Coast in order that he
might avoid the eastern Arabs. who, he
knew, were on his track. lie had passed
through Ruonda and he followed q
brauch of the Congo until he arrived at
Said Bin Abed's.
"Fhere was no fighting at the time of
the murder. The Incident was Of the
briefest duration. The actual murderer
was a young Arab with whom l am
personally acquainted. He Is u son of
DR.. Livingston's old Arab friend whom
the whites in that region round the lake
call Old ~Tanganyika.' Beyond doubt
ENNIS body was eaten as were the bodies
of his followers.
"All the heads were stuck on poles and
were paraded about. as is the custom
among the Manyemas. The people are
notorious cannibals-in fact. will eat
anything human. During my sojourn
in Uiiil We lost a Belgian member
OF the European colony. All search
for him WAS futile. We learned
nothing of his fate until a Belgian party
found the fingers of a European in a
Manyema cookpot. Inquiry showed that
the Manyemas had kidnapped him and
killed him. A Belaian force at once
raideS the Mauyema country, outed the
Arabs, and destroyed the Manyema
village where their comrade had been
eaten.n
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1893-09-05
RECEIVER FOR ELD0RADO
Frederick Frambaeh, Jf, Appointed
by Vice Chancellor Fleet.

Counsellor George Holmes asked Vice
Chancelor Fleet in Chancery Chambers
this morning for the appointment of a
receiver of the affairs OF the Etdorado
Amusement Company.
The counselor appeared for Samuel
Rothmilfer. AdoX Rothmiller and Henry
q. Sch war;. who signed the original
certificate OF Incorporation, stating tina t
the capital stock of the company was
$50, COO.
The petitioners hold each n share or
$500 worth OF capt. | stock, which was
parcesled out sixty shares Of a par value
of $500 each. This amount Of $4,000 capt.
tai stock has. SO the petitioners affirm.
never been paid up. and only S2o,0 OF
Inc sum has been subscribed. Already
that sum has been used UP in staging
and presenting the spectacle known as
king Solomon
The company is lnsolvent. say the petit
TONERS, and they make the application
on behalf also of the creditors.
The Vice Chancellor appointed Fred
ec lex Erambach, Jr., receiver.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1893-09-05
DARING FoOTPADS.
They Rob a Boat Captain on the River
Walk.

They Rob q Boat Captain on the River
Walk.
A daring highway robbery was COM
mitted on the River Walk In Ho boken
early Sunday morning. The Captain of
a schooner was held up by a gang and
stabbed over the left eye. His pockets
were riied OF SIS. The police are work-
ing on the case.
Captain Jengins was the victim of the
daring robbery. He commanded a
schooner lying near the Sixth street coal
docks. Shortly efore four O'Clock Sum
day morning he left The schooner to visit
a saloon on Rion street. 10 reach this
saloon he had to pass a lumber yard
which is the headquarters of a dangerous
lang of young hoedlums.
He had just reached a dark bend in the
road when he was. suddenly confronted
by three young men with bandages over
their eyes. They demanded his money.
The Captain is q muscular man and
made a show OF resistance. One of the
gang then caught him from be hind, and
the other plunged a kuife into his fore
head. The gang 500 had been OVERFLOW
cred and easily secured what money he
had.
The Captain went aleng River street
until be met a policeman The Captain
and policeman went back to gether, but
could find no trace of the Captains AS