davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16

Russians first made their appearance
there they found the country pop
ulated with few thousand nozads Of
the Monaghan race, These people were
svbdivided into different tribes known
as Suchas, AIMS. GhelakS. Opotchens
and Tongus. The AIMS, according to
high authority. belong 10 the oldest in
habitants of Asia. They were Tor the
most part fishermen. but many gave up
this vocation. soon after the arrival of
their new masters, 70 turn to a.,riclll-
tural pursuits They are now prof
Gent in raising garden vegetab les,
especially potatoes
The Ghelaks are expert hunters but
also fishermen. Their skill IN handling
their frail craft on the angry seas
around the island has often awakened
admiration. and on shore they show
equal audacity IN chasing their prey
amid the crags. rocks snd Businesses.
Besides the native tribes the Russians
found large population Of Japanese.
the ma iCritv Of whom we're fishermen
that only remained or the island drr-
ing the fishing season To this dag
they leave their camps and outfits IN
charge OF the natives on returning 70
Japan There are two permanent Japa-
neSe settlements on the southern coast,
~ one Of which valuablt. fertilizer :
manufactured from sea herriugs which
are caught in enormous quantities IN
that region
The population Of The island. in adti-
ton TO lis natural increase. owes is
rapid growth since 1855 70 Ire arrival q
dep9rted criminals Of vzr;o-s grades,
wS.. :. tks cxz:--.-- c: .-ai- -.-r--,- AZ
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
A LONELY ISLE.
Saghalen, the Prospective Home
Of Russia's Convict Hordes-
Where Escape Is lmpossible-SiGns That
Presage More Humane Treatment of
Political and Other Prisoners
How the islanders Live.
COPYRIGHT. 1881

COPYRIGHT, leS3-
Is it possible that the public opinion
of the outside world, especially of
America, should be exercising any in
fuence on the government of the car?
The query is called forth by GER
tain unmistakable signs of the last
few weeks, such as the tone Of leading
Russian newspapers with reference to
Russia's share in the great American
nagal display, the publication in an
American magazine of a semi-official
document signed by Russian attache
d'ambassade, and above all the pro-
posed transfer of convicts from the Rus
sian and Siberian prisons to the island
of Saghalien, now under discussion be-
fore the imperial council. 1t is this lat
ter project that concerns US for the
present. Is it possible that the repeated
exposure in the American press Of Rus
sian prison misrule has at last found an
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
Longevity BY OCCUPATION,

Mr.. Stevenson, ar Edinburg ac.uarv,
has found from statistics in his caIcula-
tons on the expectation of life. that the
largest mortality i among those en-
gagged IN indoor occupations. Thus 40
out OF 100 people who reach 70Fcars are
farmers. The average mortality per
thousand Is 292 among liquor dealers,
increasing from 1872 between the ages
Of 20 and 29 20 102 from 20 upward
Among ! 900 gardeners he fnos the
death rate 70 be les, carpenters u 4,
shoemakers 13.4. stone mssons IS ),
butchers rs aud inn-keepers 214. IL
censed grocer who sells liquors 1873.
hotelkeepers 25.s, bar-keepcrs 324
Among clergymen the lowest death
rate is in the Church of England, 10 2,
and the highest in the Catholic church,
15.7 The New York Medical Record
attributes the high death rate 10 the
latter church 10 celIDscy. A curious
fact is that military men attain
greater longevity than the member. 81
any other profession To be = warrior
in Europe IS as conducive 20 long life
ss TO be 1uelist IN southern stste-
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
Mj1lllh sglf
HOPE FOR MANITOBA.
4 wfnnipeg Man Thinks 1t VIII Yet Be
the Granary of the World.


eff the horse could stand it." said
! well-lznown resident of Winnipeg, Man
ftoba. to a reporter for the Washington
Star. "a man could leave Winnipeg and
ride one thousand miles west and north
west over a level prairie before he would
be INSTRUCTED by the mountains. This
gives an idea of the great territory ~
ing west of Winnipeg, which, to the
eastern man, seems way ont OF the
world. The soil of this prairie produces
the finest spring wheat grown any
where, and the enormous plain I've just
mentioned will in a few Eears be the
great granary of the world. Eastern
people have a misty idea Of our expan-
sive territory. We are just commenc-
ing to grow wheat compared to a de-
cade hence, though our crop two years
ago was thirty million bushels. We
have but little snow, and in the many
years | resided in Manitoba I never
saw the tops of the bright prairie grass
covered. Cattle fairly roll in fat, and
we are becoming great cattle country
While most of our settlers are from
across the water, yet the number from
the western states Is yearly increasing.
We have no wild west frontier scenes.
There are no settlers killed over dis
puted claims, as has been an everyday
story in the west for years. Our home
stead laws require three years resi-
dence of six months each. Land may
be preempted, too. Gold has been dis
covered in wonderfully rich quartz de-
posts a few miles east of Winnipeg.
and paying mills have just been erected
by Minneapolis capitalists. l predict
rush to the Lake of the Woods district
next year. Winnipeg has thirty-fve
thousand inhabitants and is thriving
city. Our winters are cold, but we do
not mind them. The atmosphere IS dry
and the days are clear, murly weather
being almost unknown"
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16

echo in the government halls, and that
the horrors of the Siberian mine and
stockade may yield at no distant day to
the milder form OF punishment known
as penal colonization so successfully
employed by France
American readers who have been sur
feited with more or less exaggerated de-
scriptions of the Siberian exile system
may not be generally aware that for
many years already the island Of Sagha-
lien on the Pacific coast of Siberia has
received certain number of deported
convicts, thus occupying in a measure
the same relation to the mother country
that New Caledonia does to France
Should the proposed law be enacted her
Importance will increase tenfold. and
the writer therefore feels that few de-
tails on the subject as CLEANED from the
report of st. Petersburg journalist. a
very recent visitor to the island, may be
found interesting. The accompanying
illustrations are from photographs
taken during the same trip.
The island of Saghalien stretches it.
self in parallel line to the coast of
eastern Siberia. 1t was first occupied
in 1858, just prior to the Cri1nean war,
by Admiral Nevelsky. acting under in
structions from the celebrated governor
of eastern Siberia, Gen. Muravieff-
Amursky- The first post established
there received the latter's name. The
northern extremity Of the island lies
opposite the mouth of the Amur river
It's center is intersected by the fftieth
parallel Of northern latitude and it's
southern end reaches the forty-fifth.
The island s narrow and irregular in
shape, five hundred and sixty miles
long, with an average width of sixty
miles, being seventeen miles wide at its
narrowest part and one hundred and
twenty at It's broadest. On the east
Saghalien is bounded by the sea of
Okhotsk and on the southwest by the
sea Of Japan. It is separated from the
furthermost northern island of the
japanese archipelago, Yesso. by the
straits of Laperouse. and from the
Asiatie continent by the gulf Of Tartary,
with a minimum width of five miles.
1t was probably this complete isola-
ton of the island that suggested it from
the start as an appropriate spot for the
founding of penal colony When the
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16

again : expended on the Necessary az
ricultural implements, machinery and
supplies. The principal occupation OF
the settlers : fishing. but the govern
meat does all II Is power . promote
the agricultural interests % Inc colony.
aud With this object z view has started
two model farms Il also supplies SET
tiers with se.d free Of cost. and sells
them cattle Al ve-- low figure N or
der 20 encourage stocIS--zisjrz- The se-
velop-leut u the colopv has been par
ti-uiariv rapid since Is@o, when : great
May inncvztio-s ware introduced
might mention the eStabilshrle-t of Z.
meteorological station II Kursa ,o-a..
the construction II highways ard pes
houses and TIE opening of ssveras
s--5oo3s- 50 that g tie present day
fhese 8u-1t-r ten. y-ith an Attendance
as ave hundred children ! telegraph
lI>e BIS r-.se-tly been projected. aad
r-.r-e i size question - Spanning ;sse
..az6 @sea rail1ga>t
>e-A2,5ea- = T,l thus b s@ez Is sg-.-
t5cieEt.r s.e-clo2esl f7om - izl5sss.rzzl
ard administrative Ys3.ut q view - ~
oeivc --zcst aay a1.-.ioa - lsa- c9avsct
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16

hard labor, are permitted 20 settle and
support themselves as best they can.
The first batch Of eonvicts arrived in
| 1889 and were detailed to work the
newly-discovered coal mines at Dava.
Small parties of these unfortunates fol-
lowed during the succeeding wears. In
1879 batch of six hundred criminals of
the worst description were landed from
one of the steamers of the so-called
dobrovolny fiott fleet OF volunteer
cruisers) plying between Odessa and
Saghalien. So large an addition to the
penal settlement naturally gave rise to
the necessity of organizing regular
administration, and in 1854 the home
government appointed a governor with
full staff OF assistants, consisting of a
medical director. All inspector Of agri-
culture. an architect. surveyor and
states attorney. To the governor were
given extensive powers, and in order
that an effective supervision might be
exercised over the land il was divided
into three administrative districts.
Convicts intended for deportation are
usually concentrated at Moscow or
kharkov, and from there conveyed to
Odessa on the Black sea. There they
undergo thorough medical examina-
ton, and only such as are in perfect
health and are able to stand the long
sea Journey are allowed to board the
steamer.
Incidentally may say that it fell TO
my lot few months after the close OF
the Russo-Turhish war to witness the
departure from Odessa OF a batch OF
these poor wretches destined to perpet-
ual Punishment for various crimes
They were about forty in number, for
the most part men in the prime of life
and of the peasant class. Dressed in
their heavy shoubas for the frosts had
already set in, they were marched hand
cuffcd in pairs from the city prison to
wharf. \ double file of infantry formed
the escort, and the procession moved
onward, augmented every moment by
the crowd of the curious and idle that
any unusual incident, merry or somber,
attracts. Among the spectators were
many that had come from other motives
than morbid curiosity-friends, sweet
hearts and wives and children of the
condemned men, DESTROYS Of last look,
or perchance farewell word if the OPP
portunity offered. These pressed stead
lily forward nearer to the guard, push
ing through the ranks of hooting ur.
chins and chattering loafers, insensible
to rough shoves and curses that their
persistency evoked, conscious only Of
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
LONGEST TUNNEL ON EARTH
Now Under Construction Through the
Simplon Mountain.

The longest tunnel in the world will
be that now to be constructed through
the Simplon. According to the final
plans adopted it will have length of
1915 miles. or 81 miles more than the
St GOthard tunnel The northern
mouth will be situated about $500
yards south Of Brieg, at the little vii
lage of I'm Raft. and the southern 600
yards beyond Ivelle, just below the
present wall gallery. About one-half
of the tunnel facing north viii have an
incline Of Is per 600 yards, just suffi-
Gent TO cause the water to run off.
while the southern portion viii have an
incline of 6.5 per 900 yards. The proc
ess of boring will be the same as that
followed with the Arlberg tunnel. saws
the New York Advertiser Workshops
and depots are to be esta blished on the
right bank of the Rhone, close to the
northern entrance, at cost of 4,000,-
600 francs. The power of working re-
quired is estimated at 1.450 horse power.
viz: $50 for boring purposes, $50 for
ventilation and 266 for electric light
ing, etc. e., at the end Of the tunnel
alone, for which purpose the River
Massa is to be damned I'D. At the
southern side similar station is to be
established, which is calculated to cost
1900, 600 francs and to furnish $3.50
horse power, derived from damming NJ
the River Cairasca. The total cost of
the remaining works is estimated at
so, 900, 600 francs. of which 10000. O0O
francs are contributed by the various
states interested in the scheme. In
order to facilitate the undertaking a
track is TO be laid on the road between
Dornodossola and Iselle, while in the
borings are to be used Brandt's rotary
boring machines. It is calculated that
the work viii occupy eight years and
h.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
L strange PreSc-irtIon.

Inan eastern city, recently. two ply
sicians were walking together or the
street, when one of them lifted his hat
TO lady whom they met. a palient?"
asked the other. "Oh, IN way" an
swered the first doctor; Il treated her
the other day for small difficulty"
What was it?' A wart on The nose. :"
And what did you prescr;be?" Il or
6ered her TO refrain absolutely from
playing the plane" The other doctor
was astonishe6- Ordered her.to leave
of playing the piano-fora ware on the
nosei Well, I can't understand your
treatment" IF you knew the circun-
stances, you would" said the first doc
tor; "she occupies the fiat just under
mine
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
i. Z. MAR TIS,
v FoIe teir ANd hFLN.i
Materials. Pictures. Franz

4 TTS.N UdItI IaIN. TT u dIII y
On diHrs. ictrrr Glass r-as~ls. Scrsens Etc-
First quality French China foT decorating.
TvHtvthinr IN the ..ne OF Artists Materials :.
Icu;s o. chicago grIcS-. The oEsy exclusive Ars
catalogue essaasns -
III NDETH 'T4Eh II.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16

-Hustzn1- hare been thinking.
dear. ira; must Dc a rerv poor has
band Wife-''N hat NAE You thin <
sog~ Husband Well. i i sad .hs:
tne bes. wives s1waTs get TIE poorest
hushz ards ~. \. Press.
--Warden-''fFe usually gre prison
80 The ssure general line II work 70 do
herr that ther had outside. Nos. - 81.
Inc were goa inZ~ latter Torn
made speciality of--er- svinGfr eight
asv cloeks y Y He-aid.
lady engaging eook - Do ron I'D
c@-s.aad French eooIeryl'- ir5zh7Tozn-
az Oh ia. maE. o. cn6ernsand al
about fsrr1n cooker o. ean cook
F-such bans an Spanish oui7as. AZ
Je~asaaez articisoiSes ~-ps-s Mt o.
- sss,z on the day after her arr5rzf,
- Flezs~- man Izs a a. sserr ~ times.
sel s. are INA f-ry Ira -. - b. . -
r1agn sgs@<ez. bst yoa nensa'i - sfzss
T@t yos 4 boat -ssash lttie prc~~n;
you ezn alias p-.Es rs ro1n1 s-..a~ -
= s1-k-AA
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
ISxhy's Idea.

ia explained TO him over and ofte1
what coed Little boy should DC.
How temper and r1-a-s.: 70 soften,
Ard naughty ways - nee.
de listc1ed. mute 2u1 Cuict
With earnest eyes OF C.2-e.
Then: Il don't en- IL try il,
I'd rayyer be like yoa.'
-rorotnea Luuvss, IL ho:e Fields WsSh-1s'
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16
FIREPROOFING is POSSIBLE.
But CombustibIe Material Is Often Heed
lessiy Usea in Ruildturs.

iSsSty tse&
Scarcely q week goes by. says a
writer in the Engineering Magazine,
that one or another of the journals de-
voted to architecture does not contain
some article by experienced and able
writers bearing upon the tireproofing of
buildings, and. without doubt, there
could be formulated from these articles
8 system of principles that would be
thoroughly efficient to meet the re-
quirments. In the attempt TO discover
right principles. the advice and assist
ance Of the now noted ireproofng COM
panies should not be neglected. The
demand was no sooner created for
science Of fireproofing than 1t was i'm
mediately met by the formation of
companies for the very purpose of sup
plying II. The new industry, with ex-
perience as its teacher, has Developed
year by year until at the present
moment there is not u first-class archi-
tect or engineer in the country who
viii deny that an absolutely tireproof
building can be built, and at a reason
able cost. Yet fires of the most dis
astrous character are constantly occur
ing in buildings advertised by their
owners as feproof Il IS not surpris-
ing. therefore. that a large element,
probably vast majority, OF the entire
community doubt the possibility of
constructing an absolutely fireproof
building. Y j IN incoutrOvertible
fact that every fire which has taken
place in ''freproof" building has been
due to the indiScriminate use OF com
bustible material IN its construction:
moreover, 1t may be demonstrated that
tireproof material could have been sub
stituted for the material burned at a
cost not exceeding twenty per cent
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16

church. hour ana sawmin and many
workshops Like most OF the villages,
Rikoff is situated on a river and is well
constructed. Our illustrations convey
a good idea OF the architecture and gen
eral aspect of the place.
As may be imagined, the young coll
ony is a source Of some expense 20 the
mother country The annual cos. II
transportation Of the convicts from
Odessa to Saghalien via the Suez canal
amounts TO two hundred and fifty thou
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1893-04-16

She-You know mr. grandfather was
6 relative % Washington. and We al
ways celebrate his birthday By bring
ing out orr Washington relics
He-I see. And is this xaisteoz. on.
that nc really wore during the war Of
the revoiutlon7
She-Oh, yes
He-No wonder the British left the
country.-Jucge-
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-01-18
SPRAYED Fruits Best.

A careful examination of five bushels O
each sprayed, and unsprayed fruit showed
spray and only twenty per cent. where we
had not done So Our Baldwlns and Greetings
showed marked difference where we had
sprayed and where we had not, as we only
sprayed Onehalf of each. The trees on the
sprayed part held their foliage and fruit until
very late, while those on the unsprayed pOr-
ton dropped more than half of their fruit be-
lore we could gather tit. S. j. in Rural New
Yorker.
AS will be seen by the above, the
spraying of fruit trees is becoming very
General, The expense is so small and
the benefit so great that the fruit grower
cannot afford to neglect it.
Our attention has been drawn to the
great benefits secured by lemon and or
ange growers by it. Lemons that here
tofore have been unsalt BILE because OF
tleTust and scab have been made Gas
Mr.. Alfred Aver, of Lake Weir says)
as can be grown. Lemon culture in
this State has been on the decline, in
d"ed, has been almost abandoned.
Many trees having been cut off because
only small portion of the fruit would
be sufficiently perfect to market. This
can now be corrected and the culture ex-
tended indefinitely, and on any lands on
which the trees can be grown. Mr.. F.
G.. Sampson of Boardman, one of the
most successful growers of the State,
says that with the aid of Beams Insecti-
eide he can grow lemons as fine as any
where on the face of the globe.
ORANGE GROWER.
The benefit to oranges has been equal
ly great. The product of pine land
groves, which heretofore has been off
color, coarse, poor and rusty, has been
made fully equal in texture, color, smooth
ness and beauty to the best hammock
fruit. This statement can be fully ver-
flied, not by single experiment but by
hundreds Of tests.
We trust that our readers will give this
very important matter the attention and
investigation it deserves, bearing in
mind that inthe near future only good
fruit will be in demand.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-01-18

dition. He slowly opened his eyes, but
they took no note of Mrs. Allaires pres
ence. She, however, bent her gaze upon
him, called him by name, and repeated
the Words John, captain of the
Dreadnaught, San Diego" but they
awakened no recollection of his COM
panions. The dying man still failed to
make reply to the oft repeated ques-
tons: Is John alive? Is anyone of his
crew still living? Towards night Shell
toms weakness increased, his eyes fell
shut, his hands grew cold, as if the lit
tie life left within him had retreated to
his heart. Would he die without utter
ing word?
On the following day the physician,
alarmed at these signs of collapse, re-
sorted to the most vigorous methods of
resuscitation; but without effect. 1t
was evident that the man was sinking.
Thus were the bright hopes which Shell
tons return had given rise to about to
go out in blank despair, the light which
his coming had kindled to be succeeded
by gloom so deep that nothing would
be able to dissipate it. This would be
the end, yes, the end of all. At Molly's
request there was now consultation of
the principal physicians of the city, but
after they had made careful eXamina-
ton of the patient they reluctantly de-
clared the case hopeless.
'You can do nothing then for this I'M
fortunate man?" asked Mrs. Allaire.
eve regret to say, nothing!' replied
the physician in charge.
'Not even bring him back to con-
seriousness for single moment?"
Willingly would Molly have laid down
her whole fortune to have gained this
point. But when man fails God is al
ways left. 1t is to Him that helpless
man turns with uplifted hands when
human resources are pOwerless to save!
The moment the physicians had left
the room Molly fell upon her knees by
Shelton's bedside, and when Zach
opened the door he found her in prayer.
He stood for a moment with bowed
head, then advanced tiptoe to the head
of the bed, in order to satisfy himself
whether Shelton were still alive or not.
Madam! MADAME suddenly burst
from the seaman's lips.
Thinking that French's cry announced
that death had come at last, Molly rose
to her feet.
els he dead?' she whispered, in tone
so sad as to smite the honest boats
wain's heart.
''No, madam, no! See, his eyes are
open, he is looking about him"
It was as French had said. From be-
meath his half-raised lids Sheltons eyes
burned with strange brilliancy. Color
came to his cheeks, his hands rose and
fell. He had come out of his long
continued lethargy, and now his gaze
was riveted upon the captains wife and
a half smile moved his lips.
''He has recognized mel" whispered
Molly.
eyes," said Zach; che sees his cap
tain's wife by his bedside-he is trying
to speak to her"
"And if he cannot" murmured Mrs.
Allaire. ''God grant that he may at
least make us understand"
Then as she took Sheltons hand in
hers thrill of joy flashed through her
form as she felt him feebly return her
pressure.
"John? John?' she queried with an
intense eagerness.
A look from Shelton assured her that
she had been understood.
'Alive?'' she whispered.
"Yes!'
Although that yes was so faint as to
seem like whisper from another world,
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-01-18
THE CALIFORNIANS.
By JULES VERNE.
CHAPTER XV.-CoNT1NUED.

-FOUR Literary Department is greatly abridp ed
this week account of the lengthy special arti-
ces found elsewhere in the paper.-ED