Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1893-05-11

Sutton, Waldron, etc, from villages In
the county of Sussex. Camden remarks
that there is not q village in Normandy
that has not given a surname to some
English family.
From Normandy came Mortimer. War
ren. Percy, Gurney, Devereux, st. Msure.
corrupted into Seymour and many others.
Many of the French names introduced at
the time of the Conquest may be recog-
nized by the prefixes de, du, de>, de la,
st. or Saint, and by the sutiixes font err.
faut, beau, age, mont, ard, aux, bois. ly,
eux. ct. val. court, lay. fort, %, champ
and vile.
Such names as Hill, Dale. Forest, Wood,
River, Brook and the like came from the
situation or location of the original bear
er's house or residence. The prefix attt
or at, softened to a or an, has assisted In
the composition of many names. Thus, II
one dwelt on moor. he would be styled
Afternoon or Attmoor II near to gate,
then he would be Attegate or Agate; j ,hn
atte the Oakes would be corrupted into
John Noaks; Peter al the Seven Oaks be-
came Peter Snooks; Nash is q corruption
Of Atten-Ash, and Nye OF Atten.eye. or at
the islands, Atwood, Atwater, Atwell, Att
ridge and names of that character We're de-
| rived from the locality at or near which
they or their ancestors lived.
By anc under were used AS prehxes to
form names indicating places OF residence.
such as Byileld Byford. underhlll and
! Underwood. The following are some of
the words in old English. which signify
| objects from which names We're derived
| Applegarth, an orchard; whence come
| Applegate aud Appleton; Armitsge, a
| hermitage; Back, ferry and sometimes
| wharf; Baine, bath. whence Bayne and
| Bsines; Barrow, hill; Barton, a court
| yard; Beck. a brook; Bent. a plain or
common; Borough. whence Boroughs,
| Brough, Berg, Burke and Borrow; Bottom.
low ground or valley, whence Shutiabot-
tom, originally Shawiield Bottom; Higgin-
bottom, from hckin, mountain ash Bridge,
whence Bridges and Briggs; Chase,
hunting ground; Give. a cliff. whence
Give or Cleave; Clough, raylue or mar
row glen Cobb, hsrbpr; Garth, yard;
Gsrnett, granary; Gore, narrow strip
Of ground. Grange, a farm. whence
Granger; Holme, Holmes. a meadow sur
rounded By water; Holt, a grove or hill
covered with trees Knapp. the top of a
J. gg.f
Lynch, thicket, Marsh, a bouudaiy;
Penn. the top Of i hlll Peel, moat Or
fort; Rowe. a street; Ross, heath
morass; Shaw, a small wood or cIpse
Stead. place. Stowe, place; Thorpe,
village; Wade, meadow, also a ford
Wlllsr. a hollow Or gulf; Wo!d. 40 an
dnla;ing country; Yate. a gate. whence
Yates.
After these local names, saws Cam len.
the most In number have been derived
from occupations or professions; Of those
from occupation the most notable Is Smith,
the loot OF which Is the Anglo Saxon
smltan, to smite The name was original
ly not only applied To workers iu metals,
but also to wheelwrights, carpenters
masous and smiters in general, a sufficient
explanation OF how the name of Smith
gained such preponteraucr over Others In
our language. The Saxon Chronicle
speaks of mighty war smiths who over
came the Welsh" Nasmyth is probably
corruption OF nail smith, and arrowsmith
was maker OF the heads of arrows
Smith In Gaelic is Cow. and the Cows ~
Scotland were once as numerous as the
Smiths in England, many Of whom in
modern times have translated their name,
Smthson
Among the names derived from occupa.
tous the most common ones explain them
selves, such as Mason, Carpenter. Chandler,
Fuller, Baker. Butler Coleman Goodman
Taylor, Draper, Farmer, Parker, Shep-
herd, Chapman "a trader, chepeman from
chepe, market Cowper Cooper Cutler,
Wheeler, Miller, Garuaner Cook, Porter,
Mercer, Dresser. Hunter, etc, etc. Sutor.
a name still known In Euglsnd and Amerl-
ca, Is the Latin, Saxon and old English
for shoemaker; Lstimer Is for latiner.
writer Of Latin; Barker means tanner
Jenner is an old form Of Joiner, snd Nil
ner of miller; Lorimer is a maker Of spurs
bits and brides; Arkwright, maker of
chests; Lander, contraction Of lavandier,
washerman; Tucker. a fuller; Banlster.
the keeper Of bath; kedder, a huckster
or peddler; Crocker maker Of pottery;
Tupman and Tupper, breeder of tups,
that Is, rams, or perhaps maker Of tubs
Hopper had the care of swans the search
ing for and marking of swans was called
swan hopping; the word In Anglo-Saxon
also meant dancer. Lardner Is obsolete
for swineherd. Saxon feminine termina-
tions sucn as Baxter and Bagster for
baker; Webster and Webber, for weaver,
and Brewster for Brewer, are very com
mon. These occupations were first fol-
lowed by women aud when men took them
| up they retained their feminine names, as
men millners do at this time. 1t is said
that the trade of weaving has been carried
on by family in Sussex by the name Of
Webb ever since the thirteenth or four
teenth century.
From offices ana dignities are derived
many English surnames. such as King,
Prince, Earl, Lord. knight, Bishop Prior,
Abbot, Pope, Priest, Deacon, Squire,
Franklin, Bailey, Chamberlain, Falconer,
| Lesgett, Steward or Stuart and others.
From dispensator or dispenser, steward,
comes Spencer. Grosvenor anciently was
the person who held the place Of gros
ceneur or grand huntsman to the dukes of
Normandy. Sumner was a summoner
who cited delinquents to the ecclesiastical
courts.
The termination ward indicates keeper
as Durward. door keeper; Hayward or
Hereward, keeper of the town castle;
and Woodward, u forest keeper. Color
and complexion gave rise to such names
as Black. Red, White aud Brown. Green
must have been given as name on account
of the bearers verdancy, or from the fact
that he lived near the village green or
common. Read, Reed, and Reid are old