The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-07-05

low tubes; but that he may perfectly secure
the angular joints. he adopts square instead
OF circular tubing. All this means ease In
working a machine that has good form and
rlgidly keeps It, and It means fewer adjourn
ments to the blacksmith's SHOP for repairs
Parts liable to wear are now spld by manu-
facturers Mt nominal prices AMI with wrench
and screw driver any handyIman can re-
place old with new in a few minutes. The
canny Scot who invented the chilled iron
plough, and has made q million and a half
such ploughs, supplies favorite make with
new noses at forty cents apiece. In perfect
ing the outlines OF all varieties OF his plough
he has let tho wear OF the metal show him
lust where curve might with advantage
be modified.
In descending the scale Of price, farm ma
chinery has kept wheat company. farmer
In Minnesota or either Dakota can buy
| plough, a teddor, a rake, seeder. har-
| vester and self-binder for from $3.50 to $500.
according to size, quality, and distance
from the railroad: and he needn't have
money to do 1t with either II he knows his
business and Is trustworthy. trust is ex-
tended. and at moderate rates OF interest.
II his farm Is not large enough to warrant
| his getting thresher and cleaner OF his
| own, he can join o club and share with his
neighbors the use OF q machine easily de-
| spatching two bushels q minute.
While field machinery has been increas-
Ing the quantity Of farmers wheat crop.
1t has been improving its quality. In all
| ATTITUDES. efficient machines practically
| double the duration OF good weather: in
northerly regions. liable to frosts late In
| the spring and early in the fall sowing and
harvesting can be pressed in the nick OF
time. Rust. that pest for which there is no
known cure. can in considerable measure
be prevented by sowing on the earliest day
possible.
Here we touch another cause Of dimin-
ished cost in wheat raising. namely.
| advance in agricultural science. brought
home to the farming community with more
| diligence than ever before. In this regard
the State experiment stations have rem
| dered valuable service. Kansas has saved
| millions of dollars through Prof. Snow OF
| Lawrence, who has shown the farmers Of
| that State how to make war on insect ma
RAIDERS. and has provided weapons for
| the fight. And from one end of the country
| to the other, officers OF like intelligence are
bringing through their bulletins before the
| farmers the results OF organized observa-
| tion OF new varieties. OF seeding, OF crop
| rotation. At the Minnesota stations, for
| example. it has been proved that tho careful
| cleaning Of seed and the keeping to a single
variety in the planting. have had the effect
OF increasing the yield Is to rs bushels to
the acre. while the crop has matured all at
once, an important point where quick har-
vesting machinery is used In diffusing
this kind of information the press has pow
erfully seconded the enginery of science.
In 1887 DR.. j., L. JENSEN Of Denmark dis
covered preventive for the fetid smut
which had severely plagued the American
wheat farmer: the seed wheat is immersed
for ten minutes in water at 1922 Fahren-
het. temperature fatal to the smut
Spores but only beneficial to the wheat.
Within a few months after DR.. JENsENs ex-
periments. every newspaper in the wheat
districts told their story with an effect i'm
possible to any Government bulletin.
The country press. following in the
wake Of city press quite as largely read
by tile farmers. is beginning in earnest
an agitation for good roads. an agitation
which will bestow upon the farmer gain
equal to decided reduction Of his railroad
rates. 1t isn't SO much the price OF wheat
on his farm and that. as far as road i'm
provement affects it. is In his own hands,
Wheat culture. despite its vicissitudes.
tends more and more to become a manufac-
ture the cost of which can be computed al
most as closely as the operations OF the fac
tory. Last year the wheat crop is estimated
tohave been some 55O. OOO. 900 bushels. Let it
be assumed that the farmers who raised II did
&lo.o
them. Let us further assume that by rea-
son Of international competition it is unde-
sirable to increase the crop. and that prog
ress. mechanical. chemical, and botanical.
enables 100000 farmers to raise it. What are
the $4,000 not needed men to do2 Why.
they can go to city like Grand Rapids and
make good furniture to be sold at half the
prices Of ten years ago; or at looms in New
York. Yonkers. or Philadelphia. they can turn
out carpets OF beauty at cost 30 low as to
bring them within reach Of every family but
the very poorest in city or country: or in
some other centre Of industry, engage in
cheapening the luxuries OF the last genera
ton until they become the necessities of this
Because machinery is steadily making the
food raisers a smaller and smaller proper
ton OF mankind. the frequent talk about
the desirability Of keeping the boys OIL the
farm Is cant. There is no room on the farm
for all the boys They know what they
want: good living. which becomes better
as intelligence. directed more and more
upon muscles of steel and nerves Of cleo
tricity. enables them to shorten the work.
ing day at the same time that the comforts
and refinements OF life are multiplied.
The Register of the Treasury.
Mr.. JAMES F. TILLMAN Of Tennessee the |
new Register Of the Treasury Is not well |