Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1893-01-05
THE HOME AND FARM,

with heated oats.
Hickory has an agreeable aroma, and
has other qualities to recommend it as
a fuel in the smoke house. Use green
chips.
A layer of soft leather from an old
boot topin the middle of the iron hold
er ave the hand from the heat of the
iron.
The sensible fashion has been adopt
ed of broad toes for children 8 shoes,
and very low heels or none These in
sure health, comfort and serviceable-
ness.
To freshen stale rolls or biscuit put
them in a a pan, sprinkle slightly with
cold water, turn another pan over them
and set in a moderate oven for ten
minutes.
An extraordinary fallacy is the dread
of night air. What air can we breathe
at night but night air and it is surely
better to breathe pure air from without
than impure air from within the room.
GOOD SWEET PICKLE FOR HAMS.
The first thing to be looked after is
the sailing of the hams. Do not make
them too salt, as that will cause them
to become hard and unfit to eat, The
brine should be strong enough to float
an egg. Stir in enough brown sugar to
give it a sweet taste, and to every six
gallons of the pickle add two or three
ounces of saltpeter. After all is thor
oughly dissolved stir it up and skim off
all that rises to the top. When you
put the hams in the pickle keep them
weighted down so they are covered en-
tirely for from four to seven weeks, &C
cOrding to size and the weather. In
mild weather small hams will be pick
led enough in three weeks, butin freez-
ing weather it will take much longer.
Small and large hams should be pick
led separately, or the small ones will
absorb too much salt. Hang them up
and let them drain we'll, and when dry
smoke with hickory wood or corncobs.
WINTER FEEDING.
The two most important times of the
year when changes in the animal sys-
tenn make feeding an important and
critical work are the spring and fall.
In the first the animals are changed
from dry feed to fresh grass, and any
sudden change will produce suffering
or disease in the system. Another
change is in the fall, when they are ia.
ken from the pastures and the open
fields to the dry winter fodder and to
inclosed stables.
Any sudden radical change is bad fol
the stock, and in accustoming them Ia
the new winter life this should be borne
in mind. The animals should have the
run OF the pastures when their owl
health, and not the good of the grass
lands is considered, until late jim thu
fall. Late pasturing is generally inju
rious to the pastures, but this a bt
o~verreached by selecting some grassy
field that is to be plowed up next sprinl
for corn. Turn the stock into the field
and they can do no harm. Let then
remain out through November, and of
ten up to Christmas time, keeping then
in only during excessively cold weather
The animals do not get much nourish
ment from these late pastures, but ma
ture gradually limits their amount, Sc
that they a be taken from green foo(
to dry fodder. AS the food grows les
plentiful in the grass fields, increas'
the amount of dry fodder given then
in the stables. The exercise which tn,
stock gets in the fall of the year b,
being turned loose in the pasture fielC
is also quite al item for consideration
1t keeps their systems in good condi
ton and makes them ready for stand
ing the e%nervating influences of con
finement during the winter days.
Night sheltering, however, should b
begun very early, for the nights of tn
fall are always inclined to be SO cold a
to tax the strength of the animals. A
soon as they are given night shelter
little dry feed should be given to then
morning and night. This can be in
creased very gradually until the pas
lures yield very little grass. Then
good amount of dry food must be fe,
to them. They will eat very little dr.,
food so long as the grass is of an,
length and sweetness. Their W de
sire for dry fodder will regulate tn
matter largely, for they will come t.
the stable at night hungry if the gras
has not been sufficient to nourish thei
systems.
The dry fodder should be cut an,
bran OF grain mixed with it to make j
more palatable. 1t is only by sucl
gradual intelligent transformation
from green to dry food that the healtl
OF the stock can be preserved. Their
is no strain brought upon their system
nor any sudden change. The winte
health of the stock depends so mucl
upon the early condition of the ANNA
when first sheltered in the fall tina
this practice ought to be UNIVERSAL
adopted.
RIGHT AGE TO FATTEN STEERS.
Few three year old steers are no
fed and no four year olds. The grea
ILL