davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21

nish at any time to applicants full analysis Of
any brand of fertilizer required Said analysis
shall set forth the percentage OF ammonia, pot
ash soluble in water, of available and insoluble
phosph oric acid, with the statement of CONNER
cial value of each ingredient, which valuation
shall be uniform and not above the real value OF
such ingredient. The State chemist shall also
make analyses for private parties when requested
and charge reasonable fees for same, which said
fees shall be turned over to the State treasurer
The amendment in the first place says
that the State chemist shall make Il full
analysis of any brand Of fertilizer re-
quired upon application. 1t would be
inferred from this that any one could
have sample of fertilizer analysed upon
application, but the latter clause dis
pels this inference by saying that the
State chemist shall also make analyses
for private parties when requested, and
charge reasonable fees for same.
AS a revenue measure we admit the
amendments to the fertilizer law are
complete success, but they give no ad-
ditional security or protection to those
compelled to pay the revenue. We dO
not need cumbersome or complicated
law. A law providing that the dealers
or manufacturers should file a sworn
guaranteed lysis of all fertilizer sold
in the State with the State chemist, and
that each package sold should contain u
tag giving an analysis Of the goods con-
tain ~ al n
was necessary; except, of course, the pen
atty for selling goods containing a smaller
quantity Of the elements of plant food
than stated in the analysis. In addition to
this the State chemist should be required
to analyze all samples sent him at the
expense Of the State. In this case a pur
chaser of fertilizer, who had reason to
doubt the honesty of the dealer or man
ufacturer, or the quality Of the goods,
could take samples from the same in the
manner provided in the act, forward the
samples with the tag containing the
guaranteed analysis to the State chemist.
The chemist would then analyZe the ma
terial, and if it fell below the guar
antee the dealer or manufacturer would
be subject to the penalty.
But if we attempt to enumerate the sins
of commission and omission of the last
legislature we would have never-ending
task, so we fOrbear.
The best way to repeal a bad law, it is
said, is to enforce it, and for this reason
if no other we are anxious to see the fer
tilizer law enforced to a letter. Within
two years the fertilizer consumers will
tire of paying this % cents per ton tax
and will take steps for the repeal Of the
law.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21
WEDNESDAY, JUNE [. 1898.
TABLE OF EN's'&,

FARM, GROVE AND GARDEN-Celery and
Rice; Nitrate of Soda for Tomatoes; Hints
to Grape Pickers and Packers.
Does the South Know Beans. 1856
The New Fertilizer Law; Evaporated Veg
Spanish Clover The Pine Industry ............ 1888
Report of the Florida Weather Service for
May; Bagging Grapes on the Fundamentally
Shall we Prune the LEMON; To Popular
lie RlCe,.......
FLORAL--A Connection; A Very Desirable
Prize Offer; Three Very Choice Shrubs;
Some Failures and Successes II
EDITORIAI4-Only q Revenue Measure; The
Orange Growers
The Agricultural Writers; Destroy Cholera
HOUSEH OLD-Rapid Transit (poem); Edi-
tOrial Notes; Mats for Hot Dishes; Sand
wiches; What Makes Us Fat; Various Prep
aratiOns of Mix; Mosquito EXtermina-
POULTRY-EditOrial Notes; Feeding and In
digestion ....................3j3
LTTERARY-StorY, "BcyOnd The City'....... 1856
The PuZZler 1893
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21

ton they organized the Fruit Exchange.
When the Exchange was organized the
fruit growers were receiving an average
net price for their fruit Of 81. 26 per box,
with a total crop of only 10000 Since
the Exchange came into existence the
crop has increased nearly seven fold, and
one can readily imagine what would
have been the result of marketing the
latter year crops in the heller SHELTER
manner prevalent prior to 1886.
The exhibit of average prices since the
organization of the Exchange is certainly
most encouraging and gratifying-in
1861 without the Exchange and with
a crop of 900, 900 boxes an average price
Of $l.26 per box was realized, in 1929
with the Exchange and a crop Of 3, 4O0,-
O0O boxes the average pri ce realized was
$1.31. In other words the crop Of 1892
90 yielded the growers $50, 900 more for
every 600, 600 boxes shipped than did the
crop of 1886-91-the growers thus MAX
ing $50, 900 on every COO, 900 boxes shippeds
over what they would have made had the
Exchange or some other similar Organi-
Zation not been in the field-tO say nothing
of the further Generalization of the mar
ket under the present supply and with
out system.
Another point to be considered is the
saving in freight and stealage. The OBJ
jections to the consignment systems are
numerous. Not only does it increase the
competition which necessarily reduces
prices, but the percentage Of losses
through INSCRIPTIONS aud dishonest
dealers was largely increased: This say
ing must also be credited to the EX-
change.
One of the greatest reforms to be cred
tied to the Exchange is the home mar
ket. When the Exchange was organized
many of the growers who saw the nee
essity Of concerted action pledged them
selves to ship every box Of their
fruit through the Exchange. The num-
Der of growers who were willing to sign
pledge Of this kind increased from year
to year although the pledge was modified
to shipping through the Exchange of
selling on the tree. The increase in the
number of packages handled by the EX
change(Which the past season attained the
maximum of 357, 409) shows how we'll the
pledges were kept. We do not doubt that
had not the orange growers changed their
tactics and come to Florida for the fruit
the number of packages handled by the
Exchange would have exceeded 10000 600
the past year. The fruit dealers how
ever saw the necessity Of coming to Flor
ida to buy oranges if they wished to re-
main in the business. The fruit grow
ers had stopped sending their fruit, and
as consequence hundreds of the best
houses in the North now have agents in
Florida during the entire season buying
and paying for the fruit on the trees, land
relieving the grower of the risk and eX
pense of shipment. The time will come,
if our growers stand together and refuse
to consign their fruit when the entire crop
of the State will be sold on the trees.
This IS the great sideratum-instead of
engaging in the precariOuS business Of
sending perishables thousands of miles
in search of market, the market will
come to us. This is as it should be, and
will be if we stand together and refuse
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21
TO CORRESPONDENTS,

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Articles relating to any topic within the scope
Of this paper are solicited
We cannot promise to return rejected manu-
script unless stamps are enclosed.
All communications intended for publication
must be accompanied tn real name, a guar
antee OF good faith. Names will not be published
if objection is made. No anonymous cOntribu-
tons will be regarded.
Money shOuld be sent by Draft, POstO flee
Money Order on DeLand, or Registered Letter,
otherwise the publisher will not be responsible in
case of loss. When personal checks are used ex-
change must be added Only and 2-cent stamps
taken where change cannot be had.
FS-TO insure insertion, all advertisements for
this paper must be received by 10 O'Clock Monday
morning of each week.
BY-Subscribers when writing to have the ad-
dress OF their paper changed, MUST give the old
as we'll as new address.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21
ONLY A REVENUE MEASURE.

to the old law enacted by the last legiS-
lature impresses the student most fOrci-
bly, with the conclusion that the amend
ments were simply and solely for the
purpose of revenue. The amendments
were not for the benefit of the consumers
Of fertilizers, as there are no provisions
in them that give the consumer addi-
tiOnal protection.
When the fertilizer law was enacted
four years ago, the AGRICULTURIsT called
attention to IA defect in it making the
revenue or inspection tax clause mop
eratiVe, and for the past four years the
payment of this tax has been discretion
airy with the dealer. The last legisla
ture remedied this defect in the law and
the 'inSpectiOn tax of twenty-five cents
per ton will now have to be paid upon
every ton Of fertilizer consumed in the
State. AS consequence OF this amend
ment the farmers, gardeners and fruit
growers of FlOrida-the people who are
the least able to pay twill be called
upon to contribute an additional $780,
600 or $780, 600 to the State government.
Now, it must be rCmem bered that these
people are already contributing more
than their share towards the mainte-
nance Of our State institutions. Espec
tally is this true Of the soil tillerS of
South Florida, the largest users Of ferti
lizers, whose unprOductiVe fruit orchards
are assessed and taxed at Il higher rate
than any other unproductiVe property in
the State. The assessment Of this class
of property is out of all proportion to its
present intrinsic value Gas compared to
the assessment Of other property and it
appears really too bad that an additional
per ton on fertilizers they consume should
be laid on their shoulders.
If the object and provisions Of the law
were a benefit or a protection to those
who pay the tax, they would submit
gracefully and make not a word of COM
plant; if they received anything for the
money expended it would be all right,
but anyone who will read the act as
published in another column of this issue
will see that the benefits are nil.
One of the amendments to this law pro
vides for the appointment of an assistant
State chemist who shall also be fertilizer
inspector at salary Of 81, S00per annum.
One would naturally suppose, as the law
provides for an inspector and requires an
inspection tax of % cents per ton, that
the fertilizer would be ''inspected, but
such is not the case, as Commissioner
WOmbWell writes: 'Ishall not require the
inspector or assistant chemist to tag the
goods, but each manufacturer or dealer
can tag his goods at the place manufact-
ured or at the place where sold" Every
one recognizes the fact that an inSpec-
would be practically impossible and of
no value to the consumer. The fact that
an Inspector drawing a salary of 81, 800
attaches a tag to a package of fertilizer
does not increase the value Of the mate
rial cent
The fertilizer law is a revenue meas
ure and nothing else, and it is a harsh and
unjust measure because it causes those
who are already paying more than their
share to pay an addition of % cents on
every ton Of fertilizing material they
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21
EDITORIAL CHAT.

A TAX on fertilizer, call it an inSpec-
ton tax or anything else, is a tax on the farmer,
and tax the farmer cannot afford to pay.
THERE is some talk Of filing out our
Worlds Fair exhibit with oranges in October
This may be poor policy after all, for the fruit.
although it is said to be earlier than usual this
year, will certainly not be at it's best in October
M*x
THE policy Of our State government,
if it can be said to have policy, is not that of
protection or encouragement to the agricultural
interest How greatly it differs in this respect to
California.
x*x
The Times Union has received samples
of palmetto tanned leather which it pronOunces
very fine. The company submitting the samples
says the process of tanning with palmetto, which
is patented one, is simple and inexpensive, and
that after the tannin is extracted from the pal
mettO, Il fibre valuable for cOrdage, cotton bag
ging and many other purposes is left
*%x
SENATOR ST. CLAIR ABRAMS of Lake
county publishes a letter in the Times-UniOn in
which he says some severe things about the last
Florida Legislature. Senator Abrams knows
whereof he speaks and cOrobOrates what the AG-
RICULTURsT recently said abOut henferiOr uuaI-
ity of timber from which FIoridians carve states
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21
ADVERTISING RATES

Rates for advertising furnished on application,
by letter or in person.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-06-21

TAX on fertilizer, call it an inSpec
ton tax or anything else, is a tax on the farmer
and a tax the farmer cannot afford to pay.
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1893-02-03

The Women OF tho United States
Outnumbcr the Men
Omcial Statistics Showing ths ysrsou@
Changes n Numbers. Nationality aud
Location Of the People La
Thia Couufry.

The population In this country Is
pretty well divided between the two
sexes, although according 10 a bulletin
Just issued from the census office there
are about 500, 900 more males than fc-
males in the 02,50o. 900 Of population.
In the New England and middle states
states there arc $1,000 more females
than males. In tho south middle sec
ton, Including the district, the females
outnumber tho males by some 10000.
While In the northern central section
of the country as far west as Nebraska
the males arc in the majority by over
600, 900. In the south central portion this
excess reaches only about zoo, 900. In
the western section of the country the
predominancc Of the males Is shown by
q majority of over 600, 900.
In this district the males number only
100, ,564, while the females number 120,.
sos; 51.21 per cent. Of the total populn-
tion returned In 1890 are males and 4s.7o
percent are females. In 1880 the males
represented 50-S8 per cent and the fe-
males 4o.l2 per cent The percentages
of males and females In 1870 were about
the same as those just stated for 1880,
OF $3.50 per cent. for males and 40.4f
per cent. for females. while In 1850 they
were very nearly similar to those given
for 1890, or 5i.i6 per cent for males and
1854 per cent. for females. The excess
of males over females I'm 1900 Is 1.51s,-
$40. as against an excess In 1880 of $751;.
e57. In 1870 the males only exceeded
the females by 42S, $50, whereas In 1890
there were 727, ,0s7 more males than fc-
males. In 1850 the males exceeded the
females by 1885, The very large ex-
cess Of males IN 1890 Is readily accounted
for by the greatly increased number Of
immigrants who have come 10 this coun-
try since 1850, over threc-dfths OF the
entire number Of immigrants being
males.
Analysing the results Of the distribu-
tion Of population according 10 native
and foreign born. IL seems that 14.7T per
cent OF the popu alton In 1890 are for
eign born, rs against lS 81 per cent. In
1880 and 0.68 per cent IN 1850. The
native born In 1850 represented o0.sa
per cent. Of the whole population. while
IN 1870 they represented 55.1J per cent.
According to the census In 1900 there
are In the United States 81. .0s3, 500 white
persons and o,03s. 900 colorcd persons.
meaning by ''colorcd" persons, those Of
African descent, Chinese, japanese and
civilized Indians. There has been an
increase in the white from 1850 to 1890
of II, $50, ,0e0, OF zoos per cent. and sn
increase in the colored for the same de
cade OF ss5. .547. or 1913 per cent For
the decade from 1870 TO 1850 the white
increased 1929 per cent and the COLI
ored, apparently, $500 per cent As
has already been explained in previous
bulletins. however, the increase from
1870 10 1880 was r. certain extent fc-
titious, particularly as regards the col
ored population of the south.
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1893-02-03

The Guthrie State Capital says that
a boy in the Wichita schools has been
suspended for reading the following
essay On Pants Pants are made for
men and not men for pants. Women
are made for men and not for pants
When . man pants for nwoman and %
woman pants Tor raan they arc pair
of pants. Such pants don't last. Pants
are like molasscS; they are thinner IN
hot weather and thicker IN cold. The
man IL the moon changes his pants dur
ing the eclipse. Don't you 90 to tho
pantry for pants, you might be mis-
taken. Men are often mistaken In
pants. Such mistakes make breechos
Of promise. There has been much dis
cuzsion rs to whether pants In singular
or plural Seems 10 us when men wear
pants they arc plural, and when they
don't wear pants It l. singular. Men 70
on tear in their pants, and Il - 81
right, but when the pants go On tear
II j. all wrong
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1893-02-03
CITY FIRE SERVICE.


nN8t0MH sF*#*H ka4"8* &@#*& 80 *@*7*s -
Lendsm'a the Le@se-
The central fire brigade OF Chicago
has recently been furnished with two
of the largest and most powerful Land
FIRE engines In the world They are con-
structcd 10 work six sets OF hose throw
Ing 10 tons OF water per minute.
Paris has worry extensive fire eatab-
lishmonk. tbs largest Ia the world so5
engines and | 800 nrcmcn.
London h as l5f engines Of all descrip-
tions. and employs TOT officers and men
The number OF journeys made by ths
fire engines and hoac vans of the Mstx1-
politan brigade last year WINS p, ,TpS.
and the total distance run g. 500 miles.
fhcse figures not including hose earta
or the eacapea. which ARE run by hnnd.
The London brigade uaea 17 .oae. coo
gallons Of water yearly. that In, ~ gnl-
Ions per inhabitant. or 1850 gml'oaa
for each fire.
The New York brigade consumes 81
600. 600 gallons yearly. that II. - xsl-
Ions per inhAbltant, or 1900 per hre.
The most expensive brigade In that at
Boston. which cost os. I'd per head q
population 10 maintain. that of Lon
don costs the least. " p<r nes1
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1893-02-03

DR.. Moss of the English polar expedi-
tion Of 1851, among many other things,
tells of the strange effects Of the ex-
treme cold upon the candles they burned.
The temperature was from IS to 20
degrees below zero and the doctor says
that he was considerably discouraged
when, upon looking at his candle, he
discovered that the flame "had al itcould
do to keep warm" It was 80 cold that
the tame could not melt all Of the tai
low Of the candle, but was forced 10 eat
its way down. leaving sort of skeleton
candle standing. There was heat
enough, however, 20 melt odd-shaped
holes in the thin walls of the tallow.
the result being beautiful lace-like
cylinder Of white with narrow tongue
Of yellow flame burning on the inside
and sending out many stres<s Of light
into the darkness.
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1893-02-03
sPURRED ON By LOVE.


Kow Kewty Years . Mnn Tracks ths Mur-
dsrcr Of IEzs Wife,
After patient, weary search extend
ing over the western continent, and
covering q period Of nearly forty years,
Charles Hartley, Of Oswego. N. Y, q
few days ago nt this point ended q
period in his eventful life by arresting
Allen Hartley, cousin, charged with
the murder Of his wife quite two score
years ago, says an Ellenwood (B. C.) cor
respondent of the Cincinnati Enquirer:
The man arrested is an old resident
of this city, having lived here nearly
twelve years. He served two terms a.
mayor and has been successful In the
accumulation of . comfortable fortune,
-Four years ago he married well known
lady OF this place. Back Of 1t is a story
tin9ed with romance and suIlied by @
crime 20 remarkable in its details that
1t furnishes chapter In criminal his-
tory.
Allen Hartley Is now an old man Of
nearly seventy. When his locks were
raven and his beard was young he mar
ried q charming young lady, the belle
of the small interior town in New York.
where both resided. Charles Hartley,
the cousin, who, after such lapse
OF years, eau scd the arrest OF Al
len. was an unsuccessful snitor Though
denied all hope By the marriage OF his
cousin with the girl, be still loved, and
this fame. kept burning through the
years, caused the tracking down and ar
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1893-02-03
AN IRISH VILLAGE.
Leading xadastrses Of 1rsiand 50 BE Das-
. pssysd By Peasant LADS and Lassaes
nom Their Respective
Localities.


All visitors to the worlds fair will
doubtless want to inspect the Irish VII
lsge which Is being arranged under the
auspices Of the countess of Aberdeen
and Mrs. Ernest Hart. The latter gives
the following outline of what 1t viii
contain:
I'VE shan have seven cottages In
which peasant girls and lads from
Donegal and elsewhere win be seen at
work. weaving, spinning, dyeing,
sprigging, carving, etc. The girls viii
look very pretty In Connemara red pet
ticoats. fshwife skirts and blouses, and
scarlet cloalcs. In the first cottage viii
be precise model of cottage in Done
gal. with undressed walls Of granite,
with hooded fireplace and dresser full
Of bright crocl<ery; girl win be seen
dyeing and spinning our famous Hand
knd-Heath homespuns, the wool of which
abe gets from the hchens and heather
of her native bog outside. There will
be an imitation peat fire, and on thia
the dyer viii from time 10 time place
hsr iron potato-pot, and proceed TO dye
the wool. This operation Is certain TO
prove immensely attractive 10. sight
seers, and, as we'll Rs the carding, spin
ming and bobbin-flling. which win be
shown here, is an extremely interesting
process.
'sIn the second cottage there will be
linen weaving and smbroidering Of the
famous Kells art embroidery; whilst
linen dsmask weaving ON Jacquard
hnndloom and fringe-knotting win go
on In the third cottage. Between this
and the next cottage there will be
model dairy, in which dairy maids win
be at work churning and butter-mAk-
ing. I can assure our American cous-
ins they will have a chance of some
good butter, "a we shall send over soms
Of the world-famed Kerry cows. which
will be stabbed at the rear. There viii
also be pleasant, cool spot here where
visitors can rest and drink iced milk.
SIN the fourth cottage, which Is un-
der the especial care of the Irish Indus
tries association, every description of
Irish lace will be shown. There win
be Limerick lace worker at her frame,
the Torchon lace worker at the pillow,
the numerous varieties of point lace,
and 50 forth.
"Sprigging and veining, which are
employed In the production Of the beau
tiful hemstitched handkerchiefs of Bel
fast, win be shown in the next cottage.
The girls of Down are especially noted
for their exquisite and delicate work.
We have not quite definitely decided
about the two remaining cottages, but
we shall probably show In the seventh
the wood-carving industry in Ireland.
which has reached really remarkable
degree of development when one re-
members the workers and teachers ara
peasant lads You should see the set
Of owls carved by somc Of my own boys
for Lady Aberdeen last year. The ex-
preston of the owls faces, as well ss
the execution. was excellent. Other
features Of our Irish industrial village
win be = replica of Donegal castle. an
old well and other interesting Celtic
memorials. believe the Irish village
viii be successful; we shall certainly do
cur best to make 1t So"