The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1893-10-18


am received a decree issued by Presi-
dent Piexoto Of Brazil. 1t recites that
the national flag is the symbol Of the
lawful personality Of the union and
the country's national sovereignty. and
that vessels are only permitted to carry
the flag under lawful conditions; that
a part Of the vessels of the national
navy have captured others in COM
merce. have armed them as vessels of
commerce and have since Sept COM
United acts of hostility against the con-
stitutionaI government the inoffensive
populace and public and private proper
~, still continuing to use the national
flag. committing these criminal acts I'M
der It; that it belongs to the executive
TO maintain the personality OF the re-
public before the law OF nations and to
guard the national flag.
A decree is therefore made deprfving
of their privileges and the protection of
the national flag all the vessels of war
under command Of Rear Admiral Gus
todie Jose de Mello which have been in
revolt in the bay Of Rio de Janeiro
against the constitution and lawful au-
thority OF the republic; the merchant
vessels armed by the rebels and all
other vessels in their service; the forti-
fications which are taking part in the
revolt and such vessels and such forti-
fcations as may from this time join
the rebels
The bond Of sympathy between Admiral
Mello and the malcontents in Rio had
Ats origin in the following circumstances:
Dom Pedro had alienated the navy by
the appointment Of Admiral Ladario,
n fcFe ~ ri
Custodio de Mello visited Chilli the year
before in command Of the wooden vessel
Almlrante Dorosso he invited Dom
Augustine. the grandson of the emperor,
to accompany him as his guest. They
were entertained in great style by the
Chilians and Mello returned those civil
tiles by giving several balls and dinners
aboard his ship. The expenses thus in
CURED for the sake OF his distinguished
guests amounted to $500. This ex-
penditure the minister of marine refused
to sanction and Mello was obliged to foot
the bill out Of his own pocket. The
minister's action incensed the whole
navy. QuintinO BOscayuva, editor of
Opais, the leading paper of Rio, bitterly
attacked Ladairo. declaring that the
nation was disgraced by his refusal to
honor a bill incurred under such circum-
stances. His criticisms had a great
effect on the public mind and Mello was
reimbursed by means of a popular SUBJ
scription. Boscayuva thus became the
hero of the naval party in Rio and when
Piexoto deposed FOnseca, who had
honored BOscayuva by making him min
lister of foreign affairs. he thereby ar
rayed that party against his admins
tratiOn.
NEW YORK. Oct 15.-By a New
Yorker. long resident in Brazil who
lately returned from Rio Janeiro, the
following statement was made yesterday:
Some of the most striking and i'm
portant facts having a direct relation to
the recent condition Of affairs in Brazil
have been strangely omitted from every
newspaper account thus far published of
the cause leading to the revolt against
the republic. In order that they may
be understood a brief reference to some
of the incidents connected with the de-
position of Dom Pedro is necessary.
In January. 1892. L had an interview
with Manuel Deodoro de Fonseca at the
little village of Tijuca, in the mountains
about eight miles back Of Rio, favorite
resort of the wealthy residents of the
capital during the yellow fever season.
He talked to me freely of the stirring
scenes in which he had acted so con-
spicuous part and declared that it was
the saddest day Of his life when he was
forced TO choose between his affection
for his imperial master and his fidelity
10 the army.
Dom Pedro had raised him to the rank
of general for his skillful conduct and
superb daring during the Paraguayan
war Gratitude for that distinction and
respect for the character of the emperor
drew him in one direction, while hearty
sympathy with the republican view of
his associates urged him in the
opposite one This force of circum-
stances and the inevitable drift of events
decided the issue for him. The empire
fell and Fonseca assumed the direction
OF affairs.
Why the Empire Fell.
There were two main causes operating
20 bring about the revolution. The rich
planters had become alienated from the
throne by Dom Pedro's decree abolish
ing slavery. and. as the sons Of many
OF these men were officers in the army,
that body only awaited a good pretext
10 turn against him. Such a pretext
was furnished when he issued his fatal
order directing the troops to retire into
the interior. a council was Immediately
assembled at which il was resolved TO
dfsobey the order and from that act of
disobedience IL was an easy and a
natural step TO the deposition of the
emperor.
THE other cause was the popular
hatred OF the Jesuits. Donna Isabel,
Dom Pedro's daughter, had excited con-
tempt and Indignation by submitting to
a penalty imposed upon her by an Italian
priest TO whom she had confessed some
veniaI sin He required her to scrub the
floor Of the church known as the
Campanhia. The probability Of her sue
cession, IL the empire lasted. stimulated
the spirit OF rebellion and was a potent
factor in precipitating the final catas-
trophe-
"The republic so-called, which sue
ceeded. was a republic in name only.
1t was established by men who not only
lacked any true conception Of what con-
stitutes republican government, but
who were deficient in the wisdom
patriotism and integrity necessary to es-
tablish one To brought into popular
parlance the maxim everybody for him
ing principle Of the leaders in Brazilian
affairs ever since the departure OF Dom
Pedro. The republic is in reality a die
tatOrshiD, since the most important laws
and ordinances have no higher sanction
than the decree Of the president.
FOnseca's Error.
zone Of the first acts OF Fonseoa as
head Of the provisional government had
the effect of arousine animosity, which
An ~or, function with ofhar oo,,soe of Iaef