The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1893-06-26
he CAN KEEP HIS HAT ON.
That's What Ambassador" Does for
Bayard When He Stands Be-
fore tho Queen.
Though IT'S Presumed That Hes
Too Fine q Gentleman to
Act Thus.
n WORD About Diplomacy and ths
Standing Of the verious Grades
Of Representative.

-
WASHINGTON, Juno 2A.-For over . cen-
tury the United States has been recognized
abroad 40 q second iate nation. Not Ia size.
Of course. nor in wealth. nor In influence.
but diplonaaioally. In the courts OF Eu-
rope her representatives ranked below those
Of all the Arst class British and Continental
powers. But to-day Ambassador Bayard.
the Yankee in Quesn Viotoria's court. can
with complets propsiety stand with his has
on before that motherly old empress and
queen. Mr.. Dayard was the first American
TO be honored with the title Of ambAssad OF.
and the new departure suggests an inquiry
into tho diplomatic servics.
England having set the pace In raising
the rank OF Sir Julian Paunesfote TO that
OF ambassador, Germany. France. Italy
and Russia have either followed the GUS
tom or have signified their intentions OF
raising their diplomatic service by creating
embassies he1e instead Of moro legations.
This will 10 hailed with delight by high so
ciety. TIE tastes of royalty SO recently
sharrened by the visit of her royal highnsss
from Spain will have lingering delight
whom the I, ain Of dukes and barons hood
the social worll. All this snd- perhaps
more has society to look forward to. Sir
Julian Pauncefots remains, but the plain,
modest DR.. Won H%ollsbsn, from the water
land, IL not of sufficient rank to become an
ambassador. and he gives place 70 one less
euphonispsly called Baron Won Sa urnea
Jeitsch. Baron Fava will continue for
YA-y.-,A AZ TDakAorkro ia EppnNA HAW
OF the other ministers have enough blue
blood In their veins to represent both the
sovereign aud the state, SO they will be re-
Ilncad b. those of higher rank.
just how many Of the legations may be
raised TO EN- bassies 10 not capable Of esti-
nation, 40 il depends upon the povers
abroad. Al present twenty-nine foreign
countries are represented at Washington
5bv legations or embassies. To give q more
EXPLICIT understanding of the subject the
grades should be defined. Ambassador"
in the French. Italian and Spanish means
ITO send" and signifies the highest rank;
envoy comes next and charge de ~affaires Is
represents the state from which he 10 40
credited, but also the person Of his sover-
eien. In court etiquette he ranks immedi-
atoly after the prince OF the royal blood.
The envoy extraordinary and minister
plenipotentiarv Is the grade lower and lacks
the Representatives Ol tuo pSISVA o. II
sovereign, but represents the state from
which he is sent. Envoys are sometimes
accredited to the sovereign and rank below
she duke preceding the marquis. Charge d.
afairss is simply a resident agent OF his
government. He ID not accredited to the
sovereign, but to tho department OF foreign
affairs, and acts In the absence of the am
bassador or envoy, taking rank under the
marquis.
The science of diplomacy rose Phnnix-
like from the destruction Of the Roman
empire. In the monarohial days of the
Caesars. Rome recognized no relationa wit b
another country save those of subsection.
Only with the cement of civilization
did diplomatic organizations secure recoQ-
milton as . nations supreme power. About
the fifteenth century 1t began to be accepted
in Europe. In the first forms of dis lomaey
nations sent agents int Other countries tc
act as genteel spies. Then their cunning
became willy and subtle without beinl
Fraudulent, and diplomats made II theil
business to pive their own countries bene.
fits OF ell doubts where dralings were ques-
tionabls. Theoretically, at least. nations
are now educated In moral and political
philosophy so that their ageats abroad havs
become marked with honor and trust; I'M
scrupulous methods are eschewed. Mutual
benefits is the aim of oil through the direct
advancement of each.
The picture OF an ambassador, logged on
after the style of the sixteenth century
would be amusing "a we'll as interesting to-
day. His array was gorgeous; bis powdered
~periwigs and silk stockings, gaily gartered,
contrasting with tightly hitting kne'
brooches, sposless!y white. Representing
the person of his sovereign, he aud a riRh'
to this gorgeous display, this ponp AM
splendor. In these carly days tho ambas-
sador carried great rights, signed, sealet
and addressed by his king in person, to tht
sovereign of the country to which he sough
entrance. These c%redentlals, or letters o
Of credsLoe, we're given under the sigl
manual Of the sovereign and represented
that all treaties or negotiations met his aD
proval. in oriental countries. notably il
japan, ceremony was the language of cow
er, and the ambassador had TO spread it OF
pretty thick. perhaps this was uppermos
in the mind Of Ambassador RuHyon whel
he made such q Startling impression at tn
German court with his loud uniform of
general of the New Jersey militia.) An
other right peculiar to this early-day diplo
mat of tho tiTs: fank WAS hat he ooull
stand in the presence of royalty with hi
hat drawn over his ears. MoGern customs
however, seem to have Disqualified thi
p actice. yes there 10 really no diplomat
objection to it.
The rights. privileges. duties, dignity an,
utility OF the ambassador are numerous
various and Interesting. One of the frs
rights is 10 ask for al audience with tn
sovereign upon any fitting occasion. II
enjoys exemption from local Jurisprudence
as does nlso his household. This Pc fec
personal safety OF diplomats has Away
been recognized by nations as a fundamen
tai principl of diplomacy. The Hmbnssa
dor is wholly free 1rom any Jurisdiction c
the courts in the country where he KesiIei
and he can neither he sued nor ~arresse,
His house is as sacred as his person. an
even his servants are protected. In recer
troubles the ambassador has gone to II
extyn of giving protection within h
household to fellow country men. in who.
personal safety he felt "a lawful Interest
Iebals aud insurgents may not respect
nam for being an American c~it:zsn, bl
they feGr to pursue him under the re
white and blue. Freedom from impo
and duties is another privilege the ambessl
dor enjoys, and he may bring anything +,
his own use without charge.