The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1893-07-21
AN OCEAN STEAMER
,rvAsr AMOUNT OF WORK DONE
TIE ------r1 a VOYAGE.
Tho Crow and How 1t Is D IVA the
Tho sailing, Engineering anu '"'
Eeeaina Departments.

management OF all the great
ocean liners is practicahy .no
same. On every ship theLe
- are three departments-tne
nS! y, deck department, tho passeh
w. or stewards department., ana INC
ger y, Jenartment. Each OF them is
oasoIIv important in way. Eacn nas
eau ~ ;ts own under the supervisioh
of a chief officer, who Is respob pnorcb of
the captain, the absolute
the vessel when at sen. ~ e;obt
On the crack Paris there are
officers, every one OF whom n nna of
coasters certificate, and any ono .ba
whom would be competent 10 SUI tho
paris. should any accident otn5 penn
cantain. These men are oil conh w..
With the sailing department. wh'on aI
oniY>to do with navigating INC W. TI
and thew are rated M mates. ihcni
tXere are three second mates TWO 'n'i'
,notos and two fourth mates. ~
Tbc object III carrying al 'hcso o Dna,
| 80 10 en- insure each Buihcieht ree'
,n5or ony stress Their work ~ so w,
"onoed that they have sixteen ho"f'
n,t Of every twenty four for resi-. =,
otSor words, they are on duty oru;n
LII LII eight hours q day. Inc chtT n,
amcor ;s of course, the executive Oh.
To stands no watch----'
So'' --,.-so"-ern1ng ocean steamers
, i-@"aaf hs their crews are concerned ,ro
very strict. They provide that tho
crew shall be signed for each vovnpc
and they must be brought back to tho
hnal port of discharge. A VOYAGE Of n
vessel like the Paris from the other
sldo and back again takes about four
weeks, including her stops in port. md
her entire crow IL signed twelve timcs
ychr' The crew numbers 4I5. of
whom seven arc women
incro are twelve Iuartcrmasters on
'n" fnris, Xix of whom steer tho ycssrI
w, m''io thc other xix keep tho lookout.
me slX steering uunrtcrmnstcrs h,yo
ch"r%c OF tho whcclhousc and kccn MI
the signal flags, rocket lights. and tb,
lend and log lines in good order. Tho,
stand watch and watch three ot n t;,,o
taking turns at the tiIlcr. At n;,,h,
one OF tho qunrtcrmnstcrs is stntioncd
in inc lower whoolhouse to SEQ TINT
Duo s'c'r,hS gear works all right. The
I"rlS Is httcd with hydraulic STEERING
gear, ana instead of the usunl wheel on |
'E" 'Hcrc IL teller which |
opens and shuts the valves of the bv.
ura'llic ,, ram which moves the ruddrr
~" rum cNcrts pressure of 5000
POUNDS to the square inch on the rud.
'cr' whlct III consequence can bc
moved very quickly. In case nnv.
hihS should happen to the ram. tbero
'ro three big wheels i'm the lower wheel
rouse which can DO brought into Ser.
ice. ''i
me six quartcrmnstcrs who kccp
he lookout stand on the Srr'scl bc,d
!, II clear weather, but when /, is stormy
ney climb into the crnw,A-naat mud
cport their signals to tho officer on I
ridge. All q these quartcrmasters
re picked men.
1t is the general opinion among
andsmcn that it is the captain who il
csponsiblc for the breaking of rec,
'rds that ships like the Paris have nc
but such il not the case.
\s IL matter of fact it is tho greasy
ooking contingent down in the engine
'oom to whom the credit really bo-
ongs. In the engine room of the
Paris thcro are 1913 men. Tho ruler
If them is. of course, the chief engi-
lccr, and he has Is other engineers to
lssist him. Then thcrc are ~ grcns-
'rs, 8 water tenders, 70 frcmcn, 81
rimmers, 3 boss trimmcrs, and 3
3 cooks, 3 electricians, 3
. hydraulic engineers,
refrigerator mcn-bcttcr known ns
'bccf siuicrs" rs"-nnd one clerk to tho
'hicf engineer.
Of the Is engineers who assist Tho
hief Innk rs second, q ns third, 6 ~
ourth and 3 rs fifth engineers All
he watches in tho cngincrr's depart
ncnt arc four hours long and there
re no dog watches. The men stand
our hours and are off eight, SO that
hey have the same watches every day.
here il a!wmys3 - second engineer IL
harge "f the engines, md with him
re l other second, l third, | fourth
nd l fifth engineer, who are steadily
N duty at the stokchOlcs
The Paris has nine boilers arranged
n groups of three separate divisions of
he ship Eight stokcrs and six coal
rimmers tend tho fires under each of
he boilers during watch, and eight
yo%rTEGrS yorTE II ! arc re constantly Mt work oiling
If something like 100 degrees, but rnRev l
would laugh at you ii you said so to
'nc OF them. And, indeed, the ven.
ilntion on the Paris liz TO perfect that
there is always IL cool breeze in tho
'nginc rooms that very much mitigatcs
.hc great heat sent out by her big
engines.
There is one man on board of q big
ocean liner who is in some ways bigger
han the captain. and this is tho etcw-
lrd, who, under the supervision OF tho
'urscr, has full charge of the entire
passenger department. He has work to
10 that is calculated to make men old
before they are fairly of middle age.