davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The herald., 1893-06-02
California Vinegar works.

695 Banning street, opposite soap factory, near
Alameda and First streets, one-half block from
electric light works.
The herald., 1893-06-02
AFrixolous Peonle.


'T maintain, said shrewd observer
recently, "that the American people are
becoming frivolous"
When he was asked what evidence he
could bring to prove his assertion true,
he replied:
"I want no better evidence than their
indifference to serious public affairs. Our
political system has developed certain de-
fects, but no effort is made to get rid OF
them. The people of some Of our largest
states submit to boss rule which they
could crush forever by giving attend
ance at caucus and the polls for three
consecutive years.
'sSee, too, how system of frequent
and prolonged holidays has developed
We work fewer days and fewer hours in
the day than our fathers or even our
elder brothers did. Every one seems to
be forever looking forward to vacation,
like schoolboy.
"And what do they read? What do
you read? When you open your paper
In the morning, to what do you turn
first? To the proceedings of congress,
or the great happenings at home or
abroad? ! trow not You look at the
score Of the baseball games, or the dis
coveries of reporters relative to the latest
sensational murder, or at some other
personal stuff about people Of whom you
never heard before, and who are dragged
before the public by circumstances in
which the public ought not to have the
smallest interest"
This is harsh Judgment, but it can
not be denied that there is enough truth
in it to cause us to pause and remember
with the poet that life is real, life is
earnest. youths Companion.
The herald., 1893-06-02

DR. e. G. VESTS NERVE AND BRAIN
TREATMENT, a specific for Hysteria. Dizzi-
ness, Fits, Neuralgia, Headache, Nervous Pros
tratiou caused by alcohol or tobacco, Wakeful-
causing ins nifty, misery, decay, death. Prema-
ture Old Age. Bafrenness, Loss of Power in
either sex. Impo tency, Leucorrhea and all
matorrhoea caused by over exertion of brain,
Self-abnse. Over-indulgence. A months treat
ment. ST., g for $5. by mail We guarantees six
boxes TO cure. Each order for boxes, with $5
will send written guarantee to refund II not
cured. Guarantee Issued only by A. A. TRUE,
druggikt, sole agent corner Third and Main
streets, Los Angeles, CAL
The herald., 1893-06-02

DR. wONa HIM.
Chinese Physician and Surgeon, has resided kt
Los Angeles eighteen QS) years. His reputa-
tablished and appreciated by many. His large
pracu ce is sufficient proof OF his ability aud
honesty. The doctor graduated in the foremost
colleges, also praeticed in the largest hospitals
Of Canton, China. The doctor speaks Spanish
nuently.
once: $50 Upper Main street.
Hundreds of testimonials are on dIe at tha
doctors ofice which he has received from hts
numerous patients of different nationalittes,
which the human body is heir-from the small
ekt pfmple 20 the most com plicated at ceaak
2. o. box So, Station G, Los Angeles.
The herald., 1893-06-02

StatoL0al& Trustee
OF LOS ANGELES,
Northwest Corner OF Spring and Second Streets,
Los Angeles, Cal.
CAPITAL, Paid in Gold Coin $500 900
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
W. G. COCHRAN, President.
III. J. W0oLtAcoTT, Viee-Pres't
A. E. FLETCHER, Cashier.
JAMks F TowELL, Sec'y.
Geo RI. Bonebrake, o. Il. Johnson. J1dgeW W. p.
Gardiner A. A. Hubbard, w. H Croker,
Pm. Green, Telfair CIeighton, .. h Ball.
We do a general banking business, sol cit
deposits. Make commercial loans on personal
and collateral securities, and time loans on real
estate. We act as trustees for corporations and
estates. nave saie deposit boxes ior rent
r os ANGELES SAFE DEPOSIT AND Trust
6iTIzENs BANK. sis South Spring stree.
wili remove to their new and elegant rooms
stimson Block when completed:
Branch 6faes' sEsHaeen sEsssHaens, 2ntsa taL Aouas ai0ss
r ". .BROTHERT0N..,... vice-Pf si1e
A. P. WK5T -.................-...s.... -Cssnief
Buy and sell al frstolass securities
STOCKS WANTED In the Los Angelic.
dena and other gas companies,
First class well secured Gas, Water and H.
way bonds foz sale.
E9-Time loans accepted. best Of secnrIty
gwen and liberal interest paid. II 20 6m
Il 81 South Spring street
CAPITAL STOCK. 100000
A. ID. CHILDREss .....-................Pr President
JOHN ). PARK ..:..........-.. -Cashiey
VT sohiIfsts chiIdrsss' PoiRde5ts, SssCoo oDgnn'
John s PARK, r. q. Iunt
AID chiidresL
General banking Fire and burglar proof faf,
deposit boxes rented at from So TO $50 pei an
nom
cAy1EGs RANK OF SOUTHERN oALIFoE
- MIA,
Southeast cor Spring and Court sts..
Los Angeles, Cal.
CAPITAL. L..............-...-$l0oo 900
J. NJ. Elliott, President.
J. II. Braly. Cashier.
DIRECTORS:
Geo. ii. Bone brake, j. II. Braly, II. L. Drew,
J. NJ. Elliott. G. N. Hasson f. O. Howes, NJ. W.
stimson. Hiram Msbury, ]. D. Bicknell, Frank
A. Gibson.
THE NATIONAL BANK OF CALIFORNIAS
Corner Of Spring and Second streets,
LOS ANGELES, CAL.
Capital paid up..-...--..--............S .S25oo0o
n c canroniI msIS1i Vice PFssidsns Prssidsns
A. Hadiey Asst. Cashier
BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
Dr. W. L Graves, Il. F. C. Klokke, o. T. john
son, W. Hadiey. e. N. McDonald, M. Fl. 3hegL
man, Fred Eaton, John Wolfskill, Thos. Z.
Bard. 1871
The herald., 1893-06-02

Southern Pacific com pany's trains connect at
San Pedro with the fine steamship Falcon;
The herald., 1893-06-02
Southern Pacific COMPANY

IMPORTANT CHANGE OF TIME.
APRIL 1, 1893
Trains leave and are due to arrive at
LOS ANGELIC (AKOADB DEPOT)s
Fifth street, daily, as follows:
The herald., 1893-06-02
10 Won wisb

Bargains in all kinds of household uten-
silsf Ifso, see the w. G. Furrey COM
pany, 100 to 165 North Spring street.
Plumbing q specially. All work war
ranted.
The herald., 1893-06-02
nArAfINA IsL.ANn.


CATALINA ISLAND.
Southern Pacific company's trains connect at
San Pedro with the fine steamship falooni
Leave. ....Arcade Depot.....J Arrive
-----l--- -
9:25 q MI .eaturdays. ..... .......
........... ana. Mondays. ......f 4:1b p.
Take Santa Monica trains from 8sn Fernando
street Naud's junction. Commercial street.
Arcade depot, Jefferson street winthrop sta
tiou), Grand avenue, or University.
For north: Arcade, Commercial street, Naud's
Junction, san Fernando street.
For east: Arcade. Commercial street, Nauds
Junction.
For other branches Arcade, Commercial
street, Esud's Junction, San Fernsndo street
Local and through tickets sold, baggage
checked, Pullman sleeping car reservations
made. and general information m given upon ap-
No 144 8. spring st.. cor. Second. CHARLES
SEYLER, Agent at depots.
Sundays only
A. sundays excepted.
RICH'D GRAY. Gen. Trsfnc Mgr
T. II, GOODMAN,
Gen'l Passenger Agt.
The herald., 1893-06-02

Cars to connec. with steamers via San Pedro
les, at 9:25 SIN.
Passengers per steamers Corona and Santa
Rosa, via Hedondo, northb0und leave Santa Fs
depota NJ 10 15 I'm; or from Redondo Raj way
depot corner Jefferson street and Grand ave.
nue., 90 am.
Passengers per Eureka and Los Angeles, via
Redondo. leave Santa Fe depot at I: :05 p.m
Pans of sIeamerk' cabins at agents office,
where berths may be secured.
The company reserves the right to change
the steamers or their days OF sailing.
E4y- For passage OF freight IS above or fer
tickets to and from all lmportanG points in
Europe, apply to
w. PARIS, Agent,
ONCE, No. 124 W. Second 81, Los angeles.
The herald., 1893-06-02

DIRECTOR9
4, Frankenieid, @. w. Hughes, Gam Lewis,
J. @ Kays. K. W. Jones. L. B. Newton,
Hervey Lindlev. K. n. Lotspeich.
Simo
General banking and exchange business
transacted. m44m
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
MORE LAW FOR COMBINATIONS.


PITTsBUEG, April 5-H. R. Barnes, Will
liam Van and John Carr, members of the
builders exchange, have been found guilty
of conspiracy in the case brought against
them by Thomas Buchanan. L. T. Goer
was discharged. Judge White in giving
his decision said: 1.-The builders ex-
change or bricklayers' union or any other
organization that undertakes arbitrarily
to say that no man shall come in without
their consent, or no man shall follow a
vocation or trade or business without
their consent, is absolute tyranny and
| against public policy. All such conbina-
tions are unlawful and in furious to society.
Coercion Expressly Prohibited.
"Now, there is an impression on the part
of some persons that, under act Of assembly,
laborers and others have right to com
bine and go out on a strike; that it is law
that there is an act of assembly
full; saucrioning it There was an
act passed on this subject in 1872,
which perhaps was improvident piece
of legislation and pandering to an inn
proper sentiment in the country, but I'M
der it they cannot coerce other men that
want to work and compel them to go
out. The act expressly prohibits that.
They cannot interfere with Others who are
willing to work.
The Unlawfui Combine Defined.
ANY organization or combination of two
or more persons to force up or to force
down wages and to coerce unwillingly the
laborers to comply with the rules and
regulations adopted to accomplish the pro-
posed order is unlawful. Amy organization
Of two or more persons to obtain a mo-
nopoly of any trade or business by refus-
ing to deal with persons not members of
the organization or combination, prevent
ing other persons from dealing with them,
and by other means attempting to crush
out all competition. is unlawful.n
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
HE GOES BACK ON ROACH.

Ex-Governor Ordway. OF North Dakota,
Creates q Sensation.
GRAND FORKS, n. D., April 5-Ex-Gov-
ernor A. D. Ordway created a sensation
yesterday by his remarks regarding Sena-
tor Roach. 81 have been friend of w.
N. Roach for years." said he Il was on
the ground when arrangements were made
to unite on him for senator. Not single
member of the North Dakota Legislature
knew his record. If it had been suspected
Roach could not have received VOTE"
Trouble Ahead for the Senator.
The Republican senators intend to pur-
sue the investigation. They intend to as
certain what Roach did with the money
which he embezzled in Washington. They
think it was planted and had something to
do with Roach's election by a Republican
legislature.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
CARTER HARRISON.
He Will Be Next Mayor Of the
Worlds Fair City.
GOES IN WITH 10000 PLURALITY

The Whole Democratic Ticket Probably
Successful Except on the North Side
Republican. Make Clean Sweep at
st. Louis and Kansas City-AIsO Win at
jefferson City-kansas Seems to Have
Gone Back the Populists-Returns
From Michigan and Wisconsin.
CHICAGO, April 5.--The hottest city cam
paign for years and one notable for its
indiscriminate d-throwing, ended yes
terday in personal triumph that Carter
Harrison has a right to be proud of and
probably is doing the subject justice in that
line. AS when he ran some years ago
nearly the whole city press was against
him, but this time he had a paper of his
own-The Times-which he did not have
before. The Herald was away in front in
personal attacks on the Democratic can
didate; The Tribune. InterOcean, News
and Record were all at work for Sam AL
lerton. and only the Mail. Dispatch and
Globe supported Harrison.
Gets'a Plurality of go, 600.
The result is the election of Harrison for
mayor 10y :, plurality that will probably
reach e0,OOn At late reports it was over
$4,000 with only twenty precincts to hear
from. With the head of the ticket the whole
list OF Democratic iaIHinees probably goes
into Office, but majoritIes are not known
yet. CreGier. who bolted the Democratic
convention and ran on n labor ticket, gets
about :, 600 votes ~ it looks at this writing.
There was intense interest and excitement.
Early last evening crowds as great as those
at a presidential election gathered in front
of the newspaper offices to see the returns
When Harrson's election was known the
Democrats paraded the streets for hours
cheering the elect, while a crowd of several
thousands collected in front of The Times
office. \ bonfire was built. red fire
burned and general jollification held
One District Goes Republican.
LATEE.-Returns from 40 precincts give
Harrison a plurality OF 1865 over Aller-
ton The vote for north town officers is
very close and it is possible that the Re
publicans will win in this district by a
small majority
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
CLEAN SWEEP AT KANSAS CITY.
Republicans Also Hold the Elections IN
Kansas state Mostly.

Aahsas Ststtc sicsNN.
KANSAS CITY, has, April S.-Great ex-
element attended the municipal election
in this city yesterday and a vote of over g.,
Doo-a very full one-was cast. The feat
ures which lent special interest to the con-
test was the unusually large registration
Of women and the fact that a woman caudi-
date for mayor was in the field. The result
of the election was the most sweeping vic
tory ever scored in the city by Repu blicans,
Barnes, the candidate for mayor, receiving
q majority of nearly thousand votes, the
whole ticket being elected by large mar
gins. Republicans also elected five of the
six councilmen.
0lrs. Potter Wasn't ''In It."
The women turned out en- Inasse to cast
their ballots, but strange as it may seem
they did not cast their votes for Mrs. Pot
ter, the woman candidate Mrs. Potter
received only about fifty votes all told
and of those not more than five were cast
by women. 1t is estimated that 3, 800
women, or s. per cent. of those registered,
cast their ballots, they casting a much
larger percentage of their registered vote
than did the men.
Elections in Kansas State.
Returns from many cities and towns
throughout Kansas show that the Repub-
icans have swept everything where party
lines were drawn, which was the case in
most of the principal towns. In Topeka
there were four tickets in the field and the
straight Republican ticket had a majority
over all others. In Leavenworth the Re
pub1icans elected Samuel Dodsworth
mayor and majority of the council. This
Is the first Republi can mayor in Leaven-
worth in thirteen years. Wichita was car
ried by the Republicans after hot fight
over the fusion Democratic and Populist
ticket. Reports from Emporia. Ottawa,
Fort Scott. Council Grove, Fredonia, Rus
sell, Atchison, Wellington, Winfield and Ar
kansas City SAY that in all the cities the
straight Republican ticket was chosen by
large majoritiess
Donble Their Majority ut wichita
At Wichita the Republicans gained a
great victory, electing their candidates by
double the majority ever given for a Re
Publican. The town is Governor Level
lng's home and the Populist administra-
ton was the issue.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
IN MICHIGAN AND WISCONSIN.

Republicans Elect Hooker-Returns from
Milwaukee.
DETROIT, April 5.-There IS no doubt OF
the election of Hooker, Republican, to the
supreme bench by a plurality of 10000 or
over, and the Republican candidates for re-
gents have won a still greater victory. In
the old Democratic strongholds, such as
Wayne and Saginaw counties, the Repub
lcans have made great gains. They have
captured Grand Rapids, Ann Arbor,
Manistee Lansing and other cities former
ly Democratic The Democrats elect may
ors at Ypsilanti and Port Huron, overturn-
ing Republican majorities. All the pro-
posed constitutional amendments have I'M
doubtedly carried, the opposition being
inconsiderable
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
Republican Split in Massachusetts.

Boston, April 5.-After one of the hot
tests fights in the history of the Seventh
Massachusetts, congressional district, the
Republican convention at Charleston has
dissolved with two nominees for successor
to Henry Cabot Lodge, Speaker Barrett
and Mayor Hayes, of Lynn, The latter.
however, received a nomination as a bolter
the original convention nominating Bar
rett by vote of 81 to
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05

Gresham viii Not Resign.

NEW YORK. April 5. - The HERALD
washington correspondent says it was re-
ported that the disagreement between
PRESIDENT Ci~veiand and Mr.. Gresham had
become SO pronounced that the secretary
OF state had determined to resign. Secre-
tary Gresham was asked il he intended to
resign. "Tbere is absolutely nothing in
the report said Gresham. 1T is without
found atiou.r
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
Democrats Victorious.

MILWAUKEE. Wis, April 5.-The cleo
ton passed off very quietly, about $4,000
votes being cast out OF n total registration
of 40, 600. The returns indicate the cleo
ton of Mayor Peter J. Somers. Dem,
over Alderman .Theobald Often, Rep. to
fill the vacancy in the house of representa-
tives caused by the election of John L..
Mitchell to the senate by plu-
rality of about 1900. Judge d.
H johnson, of the circuit court,
is reelected without opposition. Judge
Ludwig, Democrat. defeats Julius L.
Roehr, Republican by $500 and. Judge J.
Z Mann, of the probate court, Democrat.
is reelected over Frank J. Lewihech, Re
publican, by $500 There were two nom
partisan candidates for associate justice of
the supreme court. Judge c. b. Webb
defeats Judge A. w. Newman in Milwau-
kee county by about ?, 500
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
Results at Madison.

MADISON, Wis. April 5.-In the city the
vote for justice of supreme count to fill
vacancy by retirement of Chief Justice
Lyon, resulted: A. W. Newman. 1,524. c.
NJ WEBB, tjG. JONI Curscot. Dem, erected
mayor by CSC maiority-the largest in the
history of the CITY
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
Highest of all in Leavening PowerLae U S Govt Report
RH!a!:'!;!! B Bs%as7

PopuEisr. Last fall the Democrats and
Populist combined carried the county fro
Weaver, but they failed to fuse in the
city campaign and the result is a sweeping
Republican victory. Returns received are
from Democratic strongholds and show
the Democratic ticket running behind.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
Denver in the Same Boat.

DENVER, April 5.-Probably the most
hotly contested municipal election cam
paign ever experienced in Denver ended
yesterday and the result is the election of
Van Horn. Republican, for mayor and
the entire Republican ticket by at least
1000 plurality There. were three tickets
In the feld-Republican. Democrat and
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
West Superior Democratic.

WEST SUPERIOR, WIS, April Sc. c.
Kennedy, Dem, was elected mayor yester-
day by a majority of about 400 over Mar
tin Pattison, Rep. H. o. Walseth, Rep,
probably reelected treasurer by 200 or 800.
Probably Judge Newman will have a small
majority for supreme Justice.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
REPUBLICANS WIN AT ST. LOUIS.
A Regular Ground Swell Gets In Its Work
at the Bridge CITY

a ReGuiar Uround swell Cots In Its Work
at the Bridge City.
ST LOUIS. April 5.-The returns show
th@frst sweeping Republican victory for
years in St. Louis- With the possible ex-
ception Of Brown for auditor the Demo-
Gratis do not seem to be in it at all. The
Republicans have bagged about everything
from. Woodbridge for mayor down, by ma
jorities Of at least 1900. The thirteenth
ward is usually a close Democratic ward,
but yesterday it cast 954 votes for Wal
bridge and only 6S4 far Bannerman. Re
turns from the state show a very general
Democratic victory in nearly all cities, with
few scattering Peoples party gains. Dis
patches received by The Republic show
that Jefferson City went Republican ex-
cept for marshal by a small majority.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05

Both the method and results when
Syrup of Figs is taken; it is pleasant
and refreshing to the taste, and acts
gently yet promptly on the Kidneys,
Liver and Bowels, cleanses the sys-
tenn effectually, dispels colds, head
aches and fevers and cures habitual
constipation. Syrup of Figs is the
only remedy Of its kind ever pro-
duced, pleasing to the taste and &C.
ceptable to the stomach, prompt in
its action and truly beneficial in its
effects, prepared only from the most
healthy and agreeable substances, its
many excellent qualities commend it
to all and have made it the most
popular remedy known.
Syrup of Figs is for sale in SOC
and 81 bottles by all leading drug
gists. Any reliable druggist who
may not have it on hand will pro-
cure it promptly for any one who
wishes to try it. DO not accept any
substitute.
CALIFORNIA re syrup co.
81" FRANCISCO CAL.
LOUISVILLE. Ky. NEW Yoax. N.Y.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
Refuaed to Indorse R.pudi.,,on

LITTLE Rock, April 5.-The house of
representatives yestt rday refused for the
second time TO pass senate bill which
practically meant the reputation Of q
large portion OF the states debt.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05

PHILADELPHIA, April 5.-President Nc
Leod, of the Reading railroad, has ten
dered his resigpsiion. to take effect May /.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
DON'T BELIEVE IN HOME RULE.
Great Demonstration in Belfast-A Mon
ster Procession.

Great Demonstration in Belfast-A Mon
ster Procession.
BELFAST. April 5.-The great gathering
to protest against Irish home rule began
yesterday. The scene was one of general
holiday in this city and vicinity. The rail
way trains brought thousands of people to
Belfast and the streets were thronged with
enthusiastic crowds. Everybody was wear
ing badge in imitation of the Union Jack,
signifying devotion to the union. At noon
Rt. Hon. A. j. Balfour, the marquis and
narchioness of Londonderry, the duke of
Abercorn, the mayor of Belfast and other
leading Unionists, headed monster pro-
cession Of Orangemea, members of Union
list clubs, Ode Fellows and other organiza-
tions which marched through the streets
wearing the full regalia of their respective
orders.
Balfour the Hero of the Hour.
The procession was swelled by students
from Dublin, in their gowns and bands
accompanied with abundance of bands,
playing British and unionist airs while the
grent multitude that lined the streets all
the way to the botanical gardens, cheered
with immense enthusiasm as each noted
character or well-known organization
passed along. Baulfour rode in a carriage,
bareheaded. constantly bowling in recogni-
ton of the greetings of the multitude The
bright, sunshiny weather. the gaily
decorated buildings and the great mass Of
marching organizations with the attendant
crowds, all comb bed to make most brilliant
and impressive spectacle.
Tore Up the Home Rule Bill.
Upon arriving at the grand stand es-
pecially erected for the occasion Balfour
the duke Of Abercorn, the marquis of
Londonderry and their party assembled the
stand and reviewed the procession The
marching multitude cheered vociferously
rs they passed, and the Dublin students
tore In shreds and then buried and tram
pied upon copy of the Irish home rule bill
in front of the stand, while Balfour smiled
and nodded approval of the demonstra-
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1893-04-05
Chicago Beaten Aenil

ATLANTA. Ga, April 5-Atlanta defeat.
ed Chicago yesterday. Score to4
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1893-10-20
DALLAS MAN ROBBED.
J. T. Dargan's vaiise stolen Containing
 &16,OOO Worth of Bonds

DALLAS, Oct 20-The robbery that occurred on Pullman sleeper near Longview Junction early yesterday morning was the talk of the city yester- day and last night.
 The robbery was done by thieves who entered the train in some mysteri- ous way. A valise belonging to J. T. Dargan of this city was stolen. It con- tained Sl6,000 of negotiable bonds and notes.
 AS soon as MT. Dargan's loss was made known his fellow passengers be- gan to take an inventory of their per- sonal effects. One man lost his valise, another his trousers, another 8 coat and two unfortunates were minus foot gear. In the language of a railroad man, ''sneaks skinned lem clean"
 It is believed that the raid was made on the Pullman while the train was standing on the siding at Longview junction.
 The police of this city and detect ives are at work on the robbery, but no clew has been obtained.