davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1893-05-27
DENTISTRT
D. C. M'NAUGHTON,
DENTIST
Grand st. Near Warren st


NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.
Sealed proposals WIN be received at the osios Of
Monday, June q 1885. at ten O'Clock =. NJ kor the
SshT PAuL's AVENUE,
from T0nnele avenue to James street. IN accord
ance with specifications on nle in the Office Of the
Ger streets. wiere blank forms Of bid and agree
menf Of snretiss must be Obi ained.
About 2.5oo cubic ) ards Of earth excavation.
About 30 CUBIC yards Of rock excavation.
About 50 cubic yards Of earth filling.
About iysOb cubic yards Of sand or gravel FIJI.
4bout 800 square yards of stone paving.
About /. 40 lfneal feet Of newcurR stone.
About 60 square feet Ct new brldae stone.
About 6,51 square feet OF new Tagging.
About 80 hneal feet OF reset, curb stone.
About so square feet felaid, bridge stone.
About 500 square feeto Of rslatd naaging.
About 2I0 lineaI feet Of curbtng.
ABOUT 8 basin heads to 10 resst. u
time allowed for the completion Of the work.
seyenty.tive (7o5 working days ~
aw Tae % of sic sco nj aes tS SeUss 'M %Els BE- sSSSecs ae 70
the remonstrance Of the owners OF the properly
liable {, more than one-half the assessment
Proposals must be enclosed in sealed envelopes
s ssass aTsu ,prs9p SIssssed ISs to l .El q. pssaa. u ns
Chairman Of on streets and save
relating TO sealed proposals. c
No city onicfai will be accepted as surety, no.
The attentomof Bidders IL especially called to
Section 4 Chapter 1914. Laws q 1881, under the
tSs% ci,y y or bsconae effsc Tvs or operative until ghs
bondsinen offered BY the contractor have been ap-
p Fofm 81 " the &c c son5oisaSs Council, H he Pses j n *
this Board having power to examine the proposed
OI BY order Of the Board of street and water Com.
missioners. ,nopcr a no,,rox
Dated Jersey City, May Is. 1893.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1893-05-27

It is probable that the Federal Club will at.
temp 10 raise money for the purpose of building
a new home for the club. II this project is car
ried out, il is not probable that tia construction
Of a new club house will then begun under a
couple Of years.
1t seems to be a settled thing now that Presi.
dent Kline will not ask to be reelected at the
annual election In June.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1893-05-27

a lot, and 300 beautiful corner lots for the
light within as miantes' ride of the Erie
d directly. opposite the City Of Yonksrs,
ndation OF a horne for IS down, and week
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06

en- abled to give . full report OF cases
n,ne and ten in next Saturdays issue.
during the past week Dr.. Sturgeon
has received applications from up
ward of 100 patients who are anxious
10 test this wonderful working rem
edy for the cure of that most direful
disease that flesh is heir to-consump.
ton. In addition to the test cases
which follow, numbers OF patients
have voluntarily returned TO DR..
Sturgeon, speaking IN the highest
terms of praise of the Amick treat
ment and for the benefits which they
derived from its use. One gentle
man in the presence Of the Press ma"
said he would continue the treatment
il it cost him $500 per month";"
The u,nalist of this city, the
recognized representative OF Amerl'
can newspapers and newspaper men,
says editorialIy:
ut IL a well.known fact that over 60
per cent. of the deaths among con'
posters arc due to consumption and
kindred lung diseases. Nearly %
per cent. Of the mortality among ~
porters and editors can be traced to
the same causes, 1t would seem that
newspaper workers are pecul isrly
liable to lung troubles. In view OF
this fact l have perfected arrange.
ments with Dr.. W. r. .Amiek Of
Cincinnati to thoroughly test the
value OF his consumption onre, made
for the benefit of our prot, ssion. 1t
is but fair, to say 10 this connection,
that have, personally, not the slight.
est doubt of tie efficacy Of the Amick
euro. l have seen too many ex>
smples o: the remarkable cures ef
fected by 1t to for moment doubt i.a
value. 1t is to convince other news.
paper workers, not to assure myself
that have arranged for this test.
ITO this end l have requested TYP
ographicai Union No 6 to select twt
mem from its membership who arr
suffering with consumption, and they
will be treated free Of any expense Il
them. l shall also select two writers
who wish to try . similar experiment
l do not see how q faircr offer coul,
be made; it costs the patient nothing
and If it does not absolutely cure
there is yet no case on record wher
the treatment has failed to material
help sufferers. l shall announce, fror
time to time, in tie Journalist, tn
progress OF the cases under tr+ atmen'
and | have, not the slightest dout
that the test will directly result in III
saving of four lives.
THE cases will be under charge (
DR.. W. II. Lemrow of 1O2 West SIT
street, New York, who has been en-
inently successful in ths use of til
Amick remedies"
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06
Catholic Church Services,

Catholic Church Services.
There will be services in St. Charles
Church, this city, Sunday, September
10th, - follows:
At 1890 .. M, mass.
At 2 p. m, catechism.
At 1880 p. m, lecture and beue.
diction. c. VAN DER DoNcKr,
Priest.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06
LOCAL JOTTlNHS.
Try Tracy's Corn Cure.

Try Tracy's Corn Cure.
Smoke Pezold.'s home made Cigars
Mrs. Thomas went to Salt Lake to.
day.
Cigars by the box. at Traoys drug.
store.
R. W. Berry has returned from
Boise.
This mornings train brought up
three carloads Of freight.
Delicious loo Cream Soda Water
at Traoy's Drug Store.
A carload OF $4,000 pounds of Red
Cloud orc was shipped heooe to-day.
Collins the tailor repairs, alters and
cleans clothes, At living rates. Salts.
faction guaranteed.
Mrs. II. F. Bulle, and her son got
back to-day from . two>mon.hs' trip
TO tho Fast.
Z. Isaac Whistler left to>day for Los
Angeles, CAL, where he will spend
tho winter.
Graves, the Boise photographer, il
At tho Haley Gallery. for two weeks.
He guarantees satisfaction.
Charles Moore is up from the Snak e
river, where he has been placer mining
during the past few weeks.
Go to Trsoy's drugstore for Paints,
Oils and Window Glass.
Silver in New Yo.k to-day, 73+ TO,
spot, and 70 for 6o.day delivery.
Lead. 1854 per 100 pounds.
Shaving Is cents; clipping chill
dren's hair rs oents-at Collins Baibe,
Shop. HALEY.
Jos. M. Vensble left to-day to visi
hia wife and babies in Memphis. Ten,
intending to return in about 81,
weeks.
Leave orders at the Alturas Com
inesoisl Co. for Purdum's ice-th,
best and cheapest in the country.
Mrs. John Krall. Jr., left to. day 70,
Boise. with her children, after stay
OF seven or eight weeks. This wa.
her FIRST visit here, but she will come
again.
Pointing, papering. oalcimininf
etc. First. class work guaranteed.
g. A. BULL.
Miss Bessie Burkett and Miss Eft.
Riley gave . progressive high. 6v,
card party. last evening, at Mrs. Bur
kett's. The lady's FIRST prize-a GLOW,
holder-was awarded to Miss Ell,
Wolters; the Rentlcman's prize,
handkerchief oase-to Tavern Sulli
vau. Miss Nettlo Mallory won tn,
lsdys hooby-a handkerchief upo,
which the recipient was warned tina
it she bad tears to shed she shout,
prepare to shed them now; aud Lytt
Price got the gentleman's BOBBY
gilt Gle with ribbon tied to il, upol
which was the injunction: "Sharpe,
your wits!"
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06
Fine Smoking Tobacco.

Oxford Hash, Cornell Mixture,
Yale Mixture, English Birds Eye,
Perique and OLD Rip, At
D EARHART's, HALEY.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06

Old papers for sale At this Office
IS cents per hundred
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06

lee Cream.
By the pint, quart, OF gallon.-at
prices 70 suit the times. delivered to
patrons at any hour wanted, by
PURDUM, the Ice Man.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06
LETTER LIST.

List Of letters remaining in the HALEY Udaho)
Postofhce fer the week ending August 20. 1893.
Persons calling for any Of these letters will
please say Advertised"
Conely. Mike Reser, J. T.
Hines. George Riley. Vim. T.
Jones. Mr.. Tucker. George
McGree, John Wsstsaka. Matt.
Pyot, Madame Marie Wyman, Bird
CHARLES NORRIS. Postmaster.
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06
len Cream.

Beeoham's PILE cure sick headache
Wood River times. [volume] (Hailey, Idaho) 1882-1915, 1893-09-06

We selling Mason Glass Jars pints Soc dozen:
quarts &c. half gallons $12O In original they are
considerable cheaper
81 bars of Rabbits BEST Soap for 81.
o. package of plug tobacco equal to Seal of N.
&C.. Mastf or Echo, for half the price only sc.
And thousands of articles just as cheap.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15
rhe Bees sing usefui.

From the Horticultural Times
1t VIII be a surprise to many TO learn that
after all, the most important function Of the
bse's sting is not its singing. 1 have long
been convinced that the bees put the finish
ing touches on their artistic cell work by the
dexterous use of their stings. and during
this inal finishing stage of the process Of
honey making, the bees inject minute por-
ton Of formic acid into the honey. This
acid gives to the honey its peculiar flavor,
and also imparis TO il its keeping qualities.
The sting is really an eIquisitely contrived
little trOwel, with which the bee finishes off
and caps the cells when they are filed brim-
ful Of honey. While doing this the formic
acid passes from the poison bag, exudes,
drop by drop. from the point of the setting.
and the beautiful work is finished
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Nathaniel Horne for many years engaged
in business in this town, and vel known
throughout Somerset county, died at his
home in Johns town, last Tuesday
In the calamity which came upon Johns
town in 1859 ir. Horne lost his all, narrow
IL escaping with his life and being already
well up in years and not then in robust
health, the experiences OF that day and
night and subsequent privatio-s and men
tai worry resulted in his retirement from
active business. Mr. Horne never fully re-
covered from paralyiic stroke he sustained
SehellsbuTe, Bedford county, January II,
1921, and was therefore seyenty-two years Of
age. He received a good education and had
a remarkable command OF language aud IA
cility ofexpression, which will be recalled
BY all who had the pleasure Of hearing him
in the capacity Of lay preacher in the local
Methodist church After his removal 10
Cambria county Mr.. Horne took an active
part in local Democratic politics and was
honored By that party with two terms in
the State Assembly. The deceased is sur
vived by his second wife, three sons and one
daughter. His eldest son, Albert j., is sen
ior member Of the firm of Horne & Ward.
one ofthe foremost dry goods establishments
of Piitsburg, and his daughter, Miss COlum-
bia. who has long been regarded as one Of
the leading educators of this State, is al
present clerk in the office of Mr. James NJ
Swank. General Manager Of the American
Iron < Steel Association, in Philadelphia.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Somerset people realized last week as new
er before that electricity is the light Of lights
in the 18Th century. 0Eing TO an accident
to the Electric Light Company's engine, no
electric current could be generated and the
streets Of the toxin were le1 in total dark
ness for three or four nights Merchants
ard Others who have their places Of business
lighted by electricity were compelled TO re-
sort TO old time methods Of illum mating.
One vail Of d satisfaction al the ili-loek Of
the Company vas heard on all sides, and
il was made very manifest that the patrons
oftse Company are willing 10 foreso many
other iuxuries before that Of electric light.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

The farmers near the line between Cam
bria and Somerset counties are considerably
exercised over the actions of coal specula-
tors in their neighborhOcd just now. Their
Anxiety is increased as these coal men eyince
desire TO obtain possession Of their lands.
Over q year ago a man named +. II. But
,erbaugh, Of Homer City, went through that
section and took a number of leases. Those
with whom he made bargain be bad sign
an article Of agreement which contained a
number Of provisions some of which we're
evidently misleading. he was to pay SO
an acre for the coal lands, SlO0 Of which was
TO be paid on January 1, 1898, one-third Of
the remainder on May l, 1888, and the bal
ance in two annual payments.
Atthat time this was thought to be good
price, bu; since that coal business has taken
boom, aud bigger figures ore offered and as
Mr.. Bu,,erbaugh has not paid the money
according to agreement, the farmers want TO
get out of making deed. Although the
500 was not forthcoming, they have since
been offered payment in full fthey would
make deed, bat as the parties of which 81
W. Vein, ofthis place represents, offer twice
as much, or SO an acre, they still DO not
want TO sell to Butierbaugh.
One peculiar feature of the article of agree
ment is the specification that Butterbaugh
might deposit money in the First National
Bank, Of this place, but as it does not give
the farmers q claim on this money, this
clause is supposed 70 be a blind. Notwith-
standing their leases to Butterbaugh, several
Somerset county farmers, including Daniel
Kaufman, Tobias Lehman, William Seese
and Others recently signed papers to Keim,
disposing OF their coal at $50 an acre.
Last week these men were very dsagreea-
bly, surprised by the appearance of the sher-
id, who served a notice on them that they
would be held by their contract with Butter
baCgh. In this predicament they scarcely
knew what to do, but it is said that Butter
bsugh can at least prevent them from sell
ing before the two years are up. although ii
is aquestion if he can make them sell to
him because he did not offer the first pay
ment in time. Peter Wingard, Of near
S alp Level, this county, is among those
who are on sn agreement with Butterbaugh,
but who is now in a quandary, as be don I
like 10 sell al that figure unless be has to, as
he can do better. Batterbaugh threatens ali
others from whom he has leases, who now
attempt to sell, with visit from the sheriff.
--Johaa0wH Head.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

On the first page Of this number of the
HERALD viii be found an article on The
Days ofAuld Langsyne" IN Somerset conn.,
ty, contributed By friend from Addison
township. Accompanying the article is
poeni-from the current number Of the
American Magszine.-writ;en by Mrs Fell
cia Ross johnson, of Allegheny City, one Of
Somerset county's most talented daughters
Both articles and poem are Of absorbing il
interest, and we commend them to the peru
sal Of cur readers.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15
Clothing and Clothing.

There are some things men and boys can
get along without Everybody does not
need gold ring or even gold watch, or q
gold headed cane, but ever since that little
apple scene in the garden. civilized people
want clothing-waut il in summer as well
as in winter. In fact coats, pants, vests,
shirts, drawers, hats, caps, are among the
things men and boys can't do without
Therefore it is always question. where can
such articles be had at reasonable prices ?
Well. we will out with secret by telling
you that Mintmier and Ogilvie are now
opening and viii be in full operation by
first Of March one Of the largest, finest.
cheapest lot OF clothing, hats. &c, ever seen
in Johnstown. They are fortunate in hav-
ing secured rooms in the magnificent Ruth
Block, corner Clinton & Locust streets,
Johnsiown. Don't fail, when in John stown,
to give them a call.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

The MAJORITY FOR MR. scULL INCREASED
ovER THAT RETURNED FOR HIM-THE
CONTESTANT HAD no cAsE-THE Ki-Ecr-
oFss or SOMERSET AND ELK LICK TOWN.
SHIP AND OF SIX TOWNSHIPS IN BEDFORD
COUNTY DIsFRASCHISED-THE COMMITTEE
HOLD THAT RESIDENTS IN TOWNSHIPS
CANNOT LEGALLY VOTE IN BoEoUGHs-
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15
Bargains In Furniture.

Henderson & Jolly, occupying the large
new Wild Block, corner Of Main & Clinton
streets, Johnstown, have not only every ia
oility to do an immense furniture trade, but
are 50 completely stocked up With all kinds
Of goods in their line, that they can and do
successfully compete with the lowest priced
houses in Pitisburg aud Philadelphia. The
three floors in the commodious building
they occupy are packed, jammed, crowded
with everything that can be desired in fur
nishing house from kitchen to attic. Their
new styles Of parlor furniture, unique and
beautiful chamber suits, improved Office
desks, latest patterns In extension tables, as
well as all articles in their line, are offered
al prices within the reach Of all purchasers
Il will pay to call on them befjre buying
elsewhere. Read their advertisement in this
paper. and be governed accordingly.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Every question material to the issues in
this case has now been presented and pass
ed upon by the committee.
In the examination of the hundreds of
votes charged to be illegal. the committee
may have made some mistakes and held
some legal votes to be illegal, and vice versa;
bat, if so, they are certainly few, and the
conclusions reached are believed to be al
most if not entirely correct.
Nothing remains bat to recapitulate the
conclusions:
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15
WRIT OF PARTITION.

10 sarah RagO-. iniermarrie, with Martin Ra-
xir residing a. Ebe us0urZ. Gambia CounfY. Pa /,
EIitn Rose. residing al Etcu. Cambria couf y /,
Ia fmeiine 80 - iuterIlarTied with Nilltsm
shank Of Donlon. Cambria county. Pa. and
Cria1 Seese, residing a. JohLstcwn, Cambna
county, Pa
you are hereby not eed that IN pursuance Of a
Writ Of FaftiliCn issued 0ut q The Orphans
Court Of -omeF-ef couuty. Pa and 70 ne cirtci-
3D. Hii bold an inquest on the premlse7. IN
she real estate Of F1iup +. -eese, deceased. slf-
uale In Paint township. -ouersEt com >. "a, on
THURSDAY .he I'd day q February. lsri. shed
and where sou can attend II yOu think proper.
Sherirs once. ISAIAH GOOD
January il. 80 SheriG
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Mr.. B. F. M0stoller, 0f Shade township,
bad his IeA shoulder d'slocsted last Wednes-
day morning. He was engaged al loggiDg
near bis home at the tim -,lEhen the hc-ses
he was driving took fright and ran away
throwing the driver from the sled with the
result above stated. The injured man came
TO Somerset on the fse O'Clock. train when
DR.. J. W. Canotbers reduced the fracture in
time for him 10 return to his home the same
evening.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

C1nd dates in number Of Dor Jughs and
townships have taken advantage Of the op-
por,unity presented by the Baker ballot law
70 have their names placed upon the official
ballots BY means Of nomination papers In
several precincts fall ticket has been gotten
Up; the signatures Of only a half-seore Of
electors being necessary 10 accomplish this
result In Somerset borough a full ticket.
containing the names Of both Republicans
and Democrats. has been nominated by
means Of nomination papers
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Readers Of the HERALD viii recall the an
nouncement made in these columns q short
time ago Of the arrest OF Jacob Wasmuth,
OF Meyersdale. on charge Of false pretense
The charge was subsequently, Withdrawn.
One day last week WAsnuth was brought
f-on his home 70 the County Poor House
where he will be kept until arrangements
are made f5r his removal 20 Dixmont Insane
Assvlum Wasmuth's case is a peculiarly
sad one.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Mr.. P. L. Casebeer, the weli-known oPti-
cian. lefs yesterday for New York City
where be viii fill temporarily, a position in a
large wholesale and retail establishment, de
voted exclusively 10 the sale optical goods,
for friend while lie is on his wedding trip.
Mr.. Cssebeer is recognized as one of the
sblest opticians graduated from the oele-
brated Cleveland College
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

jeremiah Z3ru. who had been confined TO
his house 10 Berlin for the past three years,
suffering from a combination Of ailments,
died last Tuesday, aged 66 years. Mr.. Zorn
served three years in the Union army and
a. the time Of his death was drawing the
maximum pension allowed for total disabil-
itr-sl2 per month.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15
A pNINIsrRAroR,s NOTICE.

Estate Of Peter r Baker. late Of Black township,
5omersst county. Fa-, deed
Letters Of Administration on this estate having
ben granted - The undes-igned By the proper
authOTity, notice l. hereby given - ali lemons
indebted % said estate u make immediate pay
ment and tho-e having claims agaiust the fame
wiM present. tEein duiy authenticated for setfls
m-ut on or before saturday. fth. Z5th, lse1 az
the late residence Of deed. IN said Tow nship.
HENRY n. sTAHL.
Administrator.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

lfby any combination of forluitoas cir
cumstances President elec. Clevelaad's at
tention should be directed to the leading edi-
torisls printed weekly in our local Demo-
cratic contemporaries, be would be loss i
up in his mind as to whom he shall designate
IS postmaster this town. The Te1etie has
been Going ghost dance" for some time and
last week started on the war path" A
well known Democrat of the towu suggests
in order 10 pre- eve peace in his party that
the Somerset Posgmastershpi be submitted 20
vote OF The Democratic patrons ofthe Office.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15
Modarn Housework

May be done more easily. more convenient
ly and with less expense on The Cinderella
Range than with many Others; al the old
objections 10 ranges removed. Il will save
you time. money and hard work. II is q
good baker and is sold with that understand
ing. Sold by James B. Holderbaum, Son.
ersef, Pa.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Rev. J S. Harkey, Of the Lutheran
church, selected as his text for Sunday even
ing's discourse: The Grand Mission Of
Abraham Lincoln Sunday being the an
niversary Of the martyred Presidents birth,
r. P. Cummins Post, G. A r, and Hinch-
man Camp, Sons Of Veterans attended the
serEioes in a BODY.
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

Mr.. William Rink, Of Jenner township. re-
Gently purchased a pair Of registered Aber-
deen Angus cattle Mr.. Rink has hitherto
been breeding the Holstein and Shorthorn,
but he now thinks the Aberdeens are far
superior 70 any Other stnck
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

A Dauphin county representative has in
troduced bill providing for compensation Of
members OF town councils Of all boroughs
The compensation is one dollar for each
meeting attended. From the amount Of
abuse heaped upon oouncilmeE they would
be lily compensated if they should be al
lowed fifty times that amount
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15
Easy to Manage.

The Cinderella Range is easy to manage,
many other ranges are not. The construc-
ton Of the Cinderella admits of plenty of
air under the crate. which prevents it from
burning out, and every provision is made
Sold Dy James b. Holderbsum. Somerset,
Pa
The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1893-02-15

From the A9ccrtissr, published at Con-
stantine, Mich, We learn that Res. W. l.
Tedrow, afler nine years service as pastor OF
the Evangelical Lutheran church, Of that
CRY, has rendered his resignation, which
was reluctantly accepted By the oongrega-
ton. Rev Tcdrow is native Of this cOun-