The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1893-03-16
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.


The expenditure of the South Aus
tralian government In connection with
It's woods and forests, agricultural bu-
reau and agricultural college depart
ments, for the year ending June so, 1892,
amounted in the aggregate to $4,000.
Mexico shipped nearly $4,000 boxes
of oranges, worth $45, 900, to the United
States between November 81, 1891, and
April 80, 1892. This was IS per cent.
more than during the previous season,
and the average price was 10 cents per
box higher.
There are seventy-eight butter and
cheese factories in New Zealand. Farm
ers receive about 6 cents a gallon for
milk. and the butter is forwarded to
England. The freight charge for the
entire distance of $4,000 miles is about
cents a pound.
BY the recent discovery of fossil
hemiptaEous insect in the upper beds of
the Lvwer Silurian formation of Scania,
in Sweden, the horizon of insect life is
lowered very considerably Heretofore
the honor of being the most ancient of
insects has been ascribed to the cock
roach, one having occurred in the Upper
Silurian of France
The largest vessel yet built on the
Weir in England, and said to be the
greatest cargo vessel in the world, was
successfully launched last month. This
vessel, which is built of steel, is 465 feet
long, SO feet breadth and 80 feet depth;
has n gross register of 6, 400 tons, dead
weight capacity of $3.50 tons on 25 feet
drsnght, and gross displacement of 49,
600 tons The engines will drive the
vessel when fully loaded at a speed of
10{ knots.
During 1892 I'll vessels, aggregating
1921, 1O7 tons, were launched in the
United Kingdom OF this number thirty
were war ships, aggregating ISL, 157
tons displacement The remaining 6s1
vessels totaled l, 100, $50 tons. The out
put of the year falls below that of 1891
by about 81, 900 tons In both years the
proportion of sailing tonnage was un-
usually high, amounting last year to
over "a per cent, and in 1891 over % per
cent of the total production. The out
put of 1889 is the largest on record.
Making allowances for estimated pro-
portionate values of steam tonnage
compared with sailing tonnage, the out
put of 1892 was $50, 900 tons below that
of 1880
"A series of experiments has demon
strated the relations between red fam
mel, monkeys, beer and rheumatism.
Two groups of Gagged monkeys were
abundantly supplied with beer by the
experimenters, one group being clad
in red flannel, the other group left
naked All the naked monkeys con-
tracted rheumatism, and all the flannel
clad monkeys escaped. Then the ex-
perimenters having thoroughly cured
the rheumatic monkeys, clad them in
flannel and let the other group go bare.
The supply of beer was continued, and
the bare monkeys were attacked by the
rheumatism, while the flannel-clad
monkeys recovered The experimenters
declare the beer made all the monkeys
apt subjects for rheumatism, but that the
flannel, by keeping off cold air from the
joints, prevented it's development
The topography of the Atlantic
Ocean bed is now almost as well known
as if it were dry land, The charts rep
resent it as a huge trough of varying
depths, extending from pole to pole.
Here and there are rocky peaks, like
that of Teneriffe, or huge mountains of
sand, like the banks of Newfoundland,
which reach up to or above the surface.
Between Ireland and Newfoundland
there is remarkable submarine plane.
This great level stretch of ocean bottom
is always referred to as the telegraph
or cable plateau" because of the fact of
the main submarine cables being
stretched across it This plateau is be-
lieved to be continuation of the great
watershed which, between the lati-
tudes of 40 and so degrees north, SUR
rounds the earth and divides the waters
which flow south from those which flow
toward the north.