davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23
A TOUGH YEAR.

The year is drawing to a close, for
which everybody is thankful. 1t was
a hoodoo from the breaking of day
January 1st to date, and will undoubt-
edly keep up its reputation to the hour
when 1894 kicks it off the calendar. 1t
has been year Of financial panic, Of
psstilence and disaster, recording each
day something more horrible than the
day before; adding disaster to disaster,
until the horror of the flood that swept
the gulf coast and destroyed in a night
5000 lives scarcely awakened more
than passing comment. What 1894
may have in store cannot be foreseen,
but, whatever it is, wo may all rest
content with the knowledge that it can
never equal the unadulterated cussed-
ness of its villainous predecessor.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23

Mrs Alice J. Wells, a disciple of Mrs.
Williams, died at Portland, Monday,
from starvation. The deceased had re-
Gently ''gone through the wilderness" f."
which means in the spiritual world that
Mrs. Williams presides over that she
had tasted forty days, sustaining life on
a little stale bread dipped in wine,
which Mrs. Williams had pronounced
"the body and blood Of Jesus" Mrs.
Wells begun some four weeks ago an
other journey through the wilder
ness" this time using water instead of
wine. AS a result she lies q corpse.
Fanaticism and superstition are far
from being dead, and converts can be
found to anything that is called re-
ligion, no matter how foolish or silly.
Mrs. Williams should be examined as
to her sanity, and either be sent to the
asylum or the penitentiary.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23
CHARACTER AS 4 DEFENSE.

The trial of Dunbar, Lotan and 9TH
ers, charged with smuggling opium
aud conspiring to land Chinese in VIC
lion of law, has about drawn to n
close. The testimony for the govern
ment has been direct and positive, the
principal witness being enc Nat Blum,
q partner of one of the defendants, Dun.
bar. Blum is of uusaNory character,
numberless witnesses testliyiug to the
fact of his inveracity. Did the govern
ments case rest upon Blum alone, the
jury would acquit the defendants with
out leaving the jury box. No one
knows this better than the brilliant
attorney, John NJ. Gearin, who is con-
Quoting the case for the government.
aud it is presumed that Mr.. Gearin un-
derstood this before the indictnlen s
were drawn. Bium's testimony, un-
supported, would be worth ess; but
when corroborated by Iircumstantial
evidence of the strongest kind, and 10y
letters from some of the defendants, his
testimony gathers weight. Against
this is produced the testimony of the
defendants, backed up by testimony OF
their good character. AS q matter Of
fact the character of the defendants
cuts little figure in cases of this nature.
The otfense with which the defendants
are charged is one that il looked upon
by large portion of the business world
as legitimate. 1t is simply all ottense
against the revenue laws, except III 30
far as those representing the govern
ment are concerned, who must, if
guilty, have violated their oaths OF
office, and is not looked upon as giving
evidence of moral turpitude. Benedict
Arnold was man OF uhbIemisled rep
utation until it was discovered lie Was
in league with the enemies of his coun-
try; and Judas Iscariot could no doubt
have procured the testimony of the
eleven other disciples as to his integrity
the thirty pieces of silver. Men of un-
blemlshed reputation, who stand high
in the financial world, are not above
making undervaluations of goods M
ported, for the purpose Of turning lne
money that should go to the govern
ment to their own pockets; and yet this
is only what Dunbar and his associates
are charged with. Again, Dunbar re-
lies OH the bad reputation of Blum to
clear himself. Every witness who
knew Blum testified to his unsayory
reputation, yet he was Dunbar's part
ner for a long time. What use had
Dunbar for such partner unless the
use Blum says be found for him? Blum
is not a saint, but We fail to see how
this fact prevents the other fellows be-
ing sinners.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23

Mr.. Dunbar, editor Of an afternc on
paper in Astoria, in commenting on
the smuggling trial in Portland, said:
"Let these inspectors-Cardinell, Caro-,
Porter, Paddock and Linville and
Kearney-explain what they have been
doing with their eyes for the last three
years or more. Let Mr.. G. J. Mulkey
explain" For this Linville, who is
ex-inspector, fell on Dunbar and beat
him. If Linville thinks he can pre-.
vent criticism by muscular force, he
will find he has contract on his hands.
AS for us, we think the question ptrti-
nent. Mr.. Linville, what were you
doing with your eyes?
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23

The presidents message on the Ha-
waiian question has been submitted to
congress. The president makes a forci-
ble presentation of the case from his
standpoint, which is practically the
position taken by Blount. The whole
matter is now in the hands of congress,
concupiscent queen, lcentious cour-
tiers, libidinOus subjects, the metonymic
gentleman from Massachusetts, his as
sociate from Oregon, he Of the perpet-
uaI maxilla, our own caprid senator,
and the whole "bilin'.u
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23

Hon. Binger Hermann is mentioned
as probable candidate for governor.
State School Superintendent McElroy
is after that plum also. If the latter
gentleman will explain some matters
concerning the recent school apportion-
ment, and why he did not apportion
the school funds as required by law, it
will help his chances for both nomina-
ton and election.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23

Over $9,CO0,000 are paid to pensioners
in the state of Ohio. With 8S counties,
this would give, if equally divided, Il
little over 100000 to each county, or
about three times the total amount
of taxes collected in this county. In
order to pay pensions heavier and more
burdensome tariffs must be levied.
Ohio is strongly in favor of tariffs.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23
THE
" REGULATOR LINE"
I.l8 D2I38. Portland & Astoria
Navigation Co.
Through Freight and
Passenger Line.

The steamer Regulator will run trt-
weekly trips, leaving The DaIles Mon
days, Wednesdays, ard Fridays, con-
Meeting with steamer Dalles City. Re-
turning, will leave Portland Tuesdays
Thursdays, and Saturdays, connecting
with steamer Regulator at the Locks.
al freight will come through without
delay
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1893-12-23

The democratic clubs Of the state
will meet at The Dalles, Jan. 9Th.
This may properly be considered the
frst gun of the coming campaign.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

rasoa sas an extraordinary nan. of f-e-
nendons strength and personality. and
Possessed what Is calssd great personal
magneiisua-@ lawson said Is Tnust be ad-
mifsed that his administration had been
successful. although from high moral
standard Il could be criticised. Secretary
A'e Freeste. Illinois state committeeman.
was IN favor OF additional legislation 10
protect the people against crsnks.
INDIANAPOLIS. Oct 9-Ex-President
benjamin Harrison vas seen tonight and
asked for an expression relative 10 the
tragedy Of which Mayer Carter Harrison
was the unfortunate victim He said: 1T
was eowardiy ana unprovoked assault
upon man in an Official position"
What was the relationship between
yourself and the dead man ?" was asked.
We'll, / can hardly say" was the reply.
We we're distant relatives, bat don't be-
iieve l exerknew the exact relationship"
What do ron think will be the effect of
the Killing as regards men in prominent
public positions 2''
he affair lends additional periis TO
prominent public characters, especially at
TINS time There is always the risk that
pnniic officer runs: but with conditions in
THIS country as they are the risk is in
creased. When ia Washington City had
the matter IN mind and had some discus
sions upon IL. All men must have the
Tree open air and the outside world TO
transact business. | felt that rather than
sacrifice this l would risk being killed
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

CHKRALIs. Oct. 2a.-fSpeelal. The saw.
mill a. Ainslie. together with the town.
site, was sold by the sheriff last week. The
purchaser Is Mr.. w. Mcintosh, represent
ing the London and san francisco bank.
Ainsiie is in the southern part OF this
county. and last year was the scene OF
part Of the Sapoleonie operations of the
Ainslie Lumber Company. A splendid
townsite was laid out. electric lights were
put in. sewers and waterworks were pro-
ieeted. and one Of the finest lumber aud
furniture manufacturing plants on the
Coast was put in. A logging railroad.
splsndidiy equipped, was built out into the
timber several miles. This, IL was given
out. was 20 be com pieted to Astoria imme-
diatsly. Fabulous tales were told of tho
wealth OF the company and Of the indus
tries il was proposed 10 establish az Aims
lie in order to build up great city. sud-
denly the company collapsed. and q
startling story OF the methods by which It's
officers had swindied banks AMI wholesale
houses out Of many hundred thousands OF
dollars was made public. The Portland
Offices of the company we're closed and the
Ainsiie concern went into the hands Of .
receiver, The property which was sold
the other day will probably not pay cred
itors 10 cents on the dollar.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
TODAY THE wonLD,s ram ENDS.
On Wednesday the Exhibitors VIII Re-
gin Moving Out Goods

CHICAGO, Oct 2a-The Worlds fair to-
day presented the usual sunday appear
ance with no feature OF particular inter
est. Paid admissions were Ii6. s2f. The
totas paid admissions up to tonight have
been q. 25l,6l5.
Chicago dispatch of q recent date
says: The busiest places inside the fair
grounds are the warehouses. Large forces
OF men are at work getting the thousands
OF packing cases ready for delivery Novem-
Der |. Manager of Transportation Hol-
comb Is besieged with questions and in
quiries from the exhibitors. Several DAYS
ago an order signed by Director General
Davis was issued TO the effect that
no goods should be removed or
packed before November /. Exhibits
TO be exported under bond have 10 be
packed under the direction of customs
officers and under the check of the trans
portation department and the Joint agent.
All goods have 10 be returned by the same
route they were shipped TO Jackson park.
On November q track will be laid from
the yards along the north side of ma
chinery hall and agricultural building to
the peristyie. and the EXHIBITS from these
two buildings will be removed before those
of the other structures, except trans
portatiou. The track connections in
this building are already laid and no delay
Will be experienced in the clearing away
OF exhibits. The applications of the
French and German sections for packing
cases were received in the Office of the
manager of transportation before those Of
other nations, and consequently they will
receive their cases first and get start of
the Others In the work of packing.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
roii.seai Rlatinx 40 Linz, Perm.

LIMA. Peru. Oct 29--ENew York Herald
Special II Dasgracefal riosing here stsll
goes on unsurpassed hy the police A
group Of Caeerists went through various
streets OF the city last night shouting
Long live Caceres." and "Death
70 congress, abusing persons whoE.
they met and aourishing revolv-
ers. The police did not interfere
with the demonstrations in any way.
Another gang attacked the Office of the
newspaper Cesamercial. which Is opposed
to Caeeres. and began shooting through
the windows and doors at employees.
LIMA, Oct 29.-There is noIiisturbanes
here. though considerable excitement ex-
lists and resignation OF the cabinet is re-
garded as certain. DR.. oalcarel win en- ter
into the contest for the presidency.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
Tn. Austrian c.b,ne, c,,.,..

EIESxA, Oct IA council was held
this morning and Emperor Francis Joseph
gave sanction TO immediate adjournment
of the reichsrath. Connt Hohenwart In
an interview declared coalition cabinet
imperative The count also expressed the
opinion that Count Won Taaffe must re-
sign.
Austria's is the shakiest government In
Europe because there is no union between
the Germans. Italians and Siayonians who
make up the population. The country
bordering on Germany would, if opporin-
nifty offered. become part Of Germany.
The southern portion naturally belongs
70 Italy and the eastern provinces TO
Russia. The problem Is how TO
keep these three factions ~ peace.
Recently the Slavonians began an
agitation which caused the government 90
offer them concessions ia the Say Of fran
ehise extension, bat the Germans pro-
tested. aud the reiehnafh is 10 be ad.
iouYnei. Emperor Francis Joseph is
popuiar. but his nephew and heir.
Franz Ferdinand. who snusbed the
people II Spokane when they
trien TO entertsid him recently, IL detsssed.
The task ct tie prime minister IL not 20
unity the county. thai - impossible. bat
to avoid q general smashap. Nothing
would piease Bismarck more than 10 al
vide Als.rfs With Russia: bat Bismarck
js out OF politics.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
THE OLDEST TOWNS.
They Rank Thus; steflaeoom, vaneou-
yer. Olympic. WAla WaIla

OLYMPIA, Oct. 2s-tSpecial. 1--Inquiries
are frequently received at the Office of the
secretary Of state as to the date of incor-
poration OF the oldest town in the state.
According to the records on file In the sec
retary's office. Steilacoom is the Oldest In.
corporated town In the state, and dates
from March ~. 1854; Vancouver, January
q. 1851; Olympia. January Is 1850; walla
Malla. January II, 1852; Port Townsend.
January IS. 1s60; Seattle, January II. ls6a
Tacoma il comparatively of recent date
BY the incorporation act ths town of Sc
attic was governed by board of trustees
composed Of G. c, Terry, III. L. Yesler, -
Burnett, ID. T. Denny, Charles Plummer:
7. s. Russell. town marshal.
Many prominent citizens of the stats
and Seattle figured In n society incor-
porated January q, 1851, and known as
the Geological and Statistical Society of
Washington Territory. The following
names appear upon the records as incor-
porators: /. /. Stevens, A. s. Abernethy.
Edward Lander. ]. r. Deyoe, J. r. Keller.
William Strong, Columbus Lancaster.
Seth Catlin, Z. @. Fitzhugh, K. NJ. Walker.
John Briscoe, Joel knight. ]. s. Smith.
William II. Wallace. Henry Miles. Henry
Ah0cASAs kAeuEy y. WhS1u. EsiWOOu Evans.
James Tilton. William Kelly, A. III. Ro-
bic. Il. ii. Lansdale. X. l. Doyle. William
r. Dougherty. J. s. McCleave, Lafayette
Baleh, William Dillon, James Doty, X. V.
Peabody, A. A. Denny. David Phillips. J.
II. Webber. w. ID. Warbass, James X.
Lumm, III. NJ. Stevens, David Shelton, ].
w. Anderson. W. n. Ayers. William Cook,
B. +. Shaw, George Gibbs, o. b. McFad-
den, James A. Graham, s. s. Ford, JeiIer-
son Hufr. T. j. Hanna. L. ii. Fowler, IL.
l.. Yesier. l. N. Ebey. 5. ID. Howe, ]. X.
Hurd, William w. Morrow, q. II. Whit
worth. William Huntington, O. +. Mesker,
ii. ID. Huntington. n. 0strandeF, Henry
Csplis. b. B. Bishop. J. ID. Holman, ID. l.
Henness. 7. u. HiHkley. William Rut.
ledge. James catlin. Richard covington.
George Drew. Frank Clark, III. X. stevens,
James Birnie. }. X. ThoEndyke, X. g. Rob
inson, ID. Il. Bigelow. J. M. Chapman, A.
G. Anderson. Lewis Van Niiet.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
More Anti chimes. Rio,inr In California

Los ANGELES, Cal. Oct. 2a-More anti
Chinese rioting is reported last night In
Cahuenga valley, a vegetable gardening
district between this city and the ocean.
After the Geary law lapsed into inanitlon
the white vegetable growers became so ih-
eensed aud demonstrativs that nearly all
the Chinese left of their own accord. One
hundred and fifty members Of the Anti
Chinese League organized last night and
moved npon the Hancock. Griffith aad
n.uker ranches. three of the largest in the
valley. Eighteen Chinese found in shaeks
were driven 10 the city and 10 badly
frightened that they will not return.
MANY shots we're cred, bat no one was in
iured. The evicted Chinese nave employed
...r.neel
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
DissESsIoS IN ruR VATICAN.


LaNnox. Oct. A-The correspondent Of
tas Ssn@ard in Rome says: Cardinal
ssamrc4la, having learned that several in
EHennal cardinals had urged unon Pore
leo TIE expeisency Of change in the pol-
aey OF the Vatican 90 one less hostile to
hne Italian governm ment. requested leave
70 resign his office OF secretary
" state 70 his holiness. The
french ambassador At the Vatican, hear
ing oi this, had a private audience with
she pope. The pope afterward summoned
eardinai Rampolla and told him he eoald
nor aceede 10 his request The pore.
nevertheless. Is much impressed by the
discomfort Of the cardinals.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

lc0pyrtghssd ~ ths Asscesatsd Presaf
REKf5x. ocs. Z0--0a Tuesday the elec-
ton Of aAlmanueT" takes place, " DO
elect depnsies 10 the new lower house Of
the Prussian diet. The fact that the elec-
torai system Of Prussia IS based upon
property qualifications and indirect suf.
frage accounts for ths lack OF inter
est taken in the easctions. since the
opening the radical cam Fsaisn organs have
shoxn feeling sf antagonism against
each other, aud shgaid the quarrel con-
time. ths rssGls sia probably 10 that tbs
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

Natsonai-Liserass and followers Of Herr
sSseaerfs wing OF the Radical party wIl
ee gamers against the candidates nut for
ward OF the section OF she party'psesiCed
over ~ Herr Richter. The Socia!.Dcmo-
cratic party has decided, 50 Gsnal. upon
taxing no part in the elections. in view Of
tAe present 'wretched electoral system.
as thsy describe ia.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

ToUIoS, Oct. 29-~The Russian squadron
left at 2p. m. The departure was wit
messed by immense crowds of people. The
French warships manned the yards aud
exchanged saiutes with the visitors.
srRzzIA, Oct 2o-The British squadron
left today for Gibraltar. Enormous and
enthusiastic crowds bads farewell TO ths
British sailors
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

DUBLIN. Oct 2a-In speech today John
Redmond. tho Parnellite leader. declared
that the parliamentary session of 1894
should be devoted TO English legislation.
and said the ParnellItes will support the
government upon condition that a week
OF the autumn session be devoted to an
eyicted tenants bill and a registration bill
providing for elections everywhere on the
same day
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
tn. WRECK Of th. city OF View York.

Sax FKAxc4sco, Oct. 29.-Ssarly 1000
people IN excursion boats vent out TO
Point Bonita this afternoon to view the
wreck of the steamer City of New York.
The wind was light, the ocean smooth aud
The vessel was resting easily. Wreckers
we're bnsy. however. stripping her.
Heavy pumps will be pat 10 work at low
tide tonight aEd TIE FINAL effort made 20
eoat the wreck, though there IS bare pos
sibiiity only og success
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
BRAZIL BUYS rHE DKsrxoYxR
Ericsson's Last Marvel, the Most Ter.
rihle War Enrlna Aanaf

NEW YoRK, Oct ~ "A morning paper
has the following: Ericsson's submarine
torpedo boa, Destroyer. the most terrible
engine of warfare afsoat. is the last ac-
QUESTION OF the Brazilian government. 1t
is also the most important yet made or
likely To be made. Like the other pur-
chsses. IL wss effected through Charles III.
Flint & ca
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

CHtcsso. Oct. @S-lhe stockholders Of
the subsidiary lines Of the Asehison sys-
tenn met today and reelected the officers
saa directors foE the ensuing year. Preg-
dent r nehArt asserted that the outlook
fer tire Atchison road vas never better
than al the rreSeny time.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

TERaK HAuTK, Ind. Oct. "a. Macer.
Of " whateom, Wash, committed suicide az
the Germania hotel here yesterday by tax
ing morphine. = note written In German
vas found, saying "Ail the money had
I vas robbed of at Chicago. and have no
means TO iaks ms home. This makes me
take this step. Long life 20 all" Thirty
four eents aad y photogrsph Of young
bridal couple taken a. Cincinnati were
foand on his person.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

Commeneisg Sunday, October 29- steamer
stass OF washingtoa All make three trips
every day, seaying Yezier' $ docx as la IL.
u n. aaa s.zl p. u. ksrs a9esnis.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

Halls Vegetable saeilian Hair Renswer
Il ungaesiioaaoly the best pressrvAtive of
the bar. IL IL also curative OF dandsua.
letter. and all acsip affections.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30

Igsful as wesl as ornsnentaI. Diamond
Rant'er Door MAJ. s.. At the Washington
E2sleE CompapYs.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
Lessons in French. Music
and German given by
arrangement.

xsfkRESCBS-Rey David G. Garrett 81
@@tsferteFYs Mrs I. - J. Hunt Narrow. IAke
1sszaesoas Rev Wallace Naktfag iS20 Int
~ street aat pArcnts of foFmeF psplfs
rrs%t ~tartheF taiofmsgion appiy 20 th9 MISSES
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
BOOKS

s-sassT<are, oaHapiete. rita glossary. large
~. sioiA, oaly 81
ihettoaarv. eoRp1sts gtarto, cloth,
e Aalf Rassia. s. -
ssrf DAG Coax Boot, !" el eiotA titches
ss's'ea, os,ly So.
fsiss R's'org ef ,Ae Uaited States, 81
Zee, qwsrto. S.
- eaa ~ ear Other great ksTgGias "a
L0WNAN & HANFORD.
Stationery and FFtaiisg Ca.,
6gS Froai SsrasL
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1893-10-30
Murdered aud laid on Railroad Track.

MARrIxEz. Cal, Oct %, --0n the morn
ing of October l6 the body of John ]. Ms-
loney was found lying beside the railroad
track two miles from Cornwall station
with his skull cut in two aud every evil
dence of having been killed by passing
train. Upon examination Of the body,
however, bullet hole was found in the
skull, which led 10 suspicion that the man
had been murdered. Testimony before
the coroner's jury strengthened the sus-
picion and the jury rendered a verdict of
murder by persons unknown. Yesterday
the sheriff caused the arrest OF Richard
Yates, keeper of the saloon where Ma
loney was last seen alive. and James
Madden, John Smith, John Casey, q. A.
Cunningham, J. Devry, John Donele and
John Walsh, section men employed on the
Cornwall section of the Southern Pacific
railroad ut the time of the murder. They
were brought 20 Martinez and are now
lodged in the county jail. Their prclimi-
nary examination will be held on Wednss-
day next and the officers are quite conf
deaf the guilty ones will be held TO answer
before the superior court