Arizona republican., 1893-03-24

l. Where is the Salt River valley? In the central part of Maricopa county, n southern Arizona, comprising the hnd lying on either side of Salt river, between the mouth of the Verde rlver ia atributary) and the confluence of the Salt river with the Gila river. = 2. How large is the Salt River val ley? The valley proper is some fifty miles in length and averages fifteen miles in width, containing 750 square miles, aggregating 4S0 .00O acres of irri- mble land, surrounded on all sides by the foothills of adjacent mountain ranges.
 5. How does this section compare with other parts of the territory? The territory of Arizona is of a generally mountainous character very rich in mines, timber, and live stock, while the Salt River valley is devoted 10 agricul- ture, horticulture and live stock ex- elusively.
 4. What is the climate? The terri tory being some 3S0 miles in length, north and south, and the altitude of che northern portion being from 5000 to 1000 feet, while that of the Salt River valley is but l,050 feet the ter Xitory presents great variety of eli mate. The climate oi the Salt River valley is semi.tropical, with little frost, no snow, and moderate rain In the winter.
 A. How low does the thermometer go in winter? Very rarely below freezing point, 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
 6. What IS the summer temperatureP ? ln July, August and September from 70 10 lO2 degrees, sometimes going to no degrees. The nights are always pleas ant.
 2. What Is the average temperature by season? U. s. signal reports, cover ing ten years, from 1877 to 1887, show {: Average spring temperature. 70.5 Average summer temperature. 89.3 Average autumn temperature. 73.l
 Highest temperature. .......ll5.5 Lowest temperature. .......... ZZ5 Average annual temperature. 722 a. How does the heat affect one? A temperature of 90 degrees in the east ern states is far more prostrating and dangerous than the highest tempera- ture experienced in the Salt River val Icy.
 Q. What is the cause of the differ enee? The absence of humidity in the atmosphere.
 TO- What is the average rain fall? Six and thirty-seven one-hundredth inches, confined principally to the win ter months.
 II. Does it rain continually during she winter? Only day or two at a time, with intervals of weeks of cloud less weather.
 l2. Are the storms violent? Thur der and lightning are very rare. Cy- clones and wind-storms are unknown. l3, Are earthquakes ever eXperl- exceed? Slight shocks have been known, bat not as frequently as in the Missis- sippi valley.
 IA. How are lung and throat diseases affected by the climate? Most favor ably; this valley IS natural sanitarium, The worst cases, both from the east and west, come here with the most beneficial results, many of them being perman- eptly cured. The climatic desideratum in pulmonary diseases is mild and dry climate. Southern California has a mild climate, but it is not dry. Colo rsdo has a dry climate, but it is not mild. The Salt River valley has eli mate at once mild and dry Eminent specialists now recommend the Salt River valley in pulmonary diseases.
 i5. Do malarial or epidemic diseases prevail? Less than in any other part oI the United States. The dryness oi the atmosphere is unfavorable to the trans mission of disease germs.
 l6. Are there any poisonous reptiles Yes, in the adjacent mountains, but ir rigaiion drives them away from the cultivated lands.
 IT. To what productions is the val Ley adapted? To all those of all tho eastern and northern states, besides many of those of tropical countries.
 Orange Judd, editor of the Prairie Farmer, after a visit to the Salt Rive valley, says of it's soil, editorially:
 "Most of these valley soils are the ac cumulated washings from the surround ipg hills, made up of the fine particle that have been, during countless cen turies, disintegrated by frost, or tn, chemical action of the atmosphere The water he (the farmer) uses is als charged with new fertility, thus pro duced annually and gathered from th sldes of the mountains scores and hun dreds of miles away, so that every flow ing of the land benefits it Thi IS no theoric idea. We have seen thou sands of acres here growing crops tha rival in luxriance those found in tn famed valley of the Nile, which derive ns vivifying liquid, bearing fertlizin elements, from the far off lands in uppe Egy pt and beyond. This valle of the Salt derives its luxuriousnes from the mountain regions of interio arid Arizona"
 The special committee of the Unite States senate, report 92S, part l, Ma & 1890, page 60, says "Within ou border there cannot be found a soil z uniformly fertile and so capable { varied production, under irrigation, { that of the Gila, Salt and Santa Crr rivers, in southern and central Arizon Analysis of this soil shows it's ferti qualities to be superior to that of u Nile earth"
 IS Is the soil durable? As near inexhaustible as any known soil. IT Maricopa Indians, remnant of a sem civilized tribe, have raised wheat upc some of these lands continually sim
 Al