davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
THE FIRST PAWNBROKERS.

.
Money Loaned on Goods in Italy
IL Early in the Sixteenth Century,
The continental monts de piete had
their origin in the italian monta di
pieta large numbers OF which were
founded in Italy throughout the six
tenth century and the objects OF
which were, in the first instance, es-
sentially charitable the avowed pur-
pose OF the institution being to count
eract the injurious effect OF usury by
lending money on deposits at an al
most in6nitessimal rate OF interest.
The franciscan monks were the first
to lend money on goods, and in 1915
they we're allowed by the pope to re-
ceive q moderate amount of interest;
but, the London Telegraph says, that
in process OF time the italian mont
di pieta became extensive banking
corporations, which were OCCASION
ally plundered or half ruined by forced
loans exacted by, tyrannical princes,
and sometimes brought to entire
collapse by judicious financial specu-
latiOns..
The Paris mont de piete, which was
not established in France until 1777,
was suppressed at the revolution, but
re-esta .ished in 1904 by Napoleon /.
| 1t has been ever since business car
ried on under the direct control of the
state. To the central Office only the
poorest classes ofthe population re-
sorty and they are as little inconven-
fenced by the shame-facedness or
"mauvais hote" as their congeners in
London, while for those who may be
described as ''genteeP' the thoughtful
! provision has been made of installing
the "commissionaries du monts de
piete,' or branch pawnbrokers, in Of
fees which are generally up three
pairs of stairs, in houses inhabited by
numerous other dodgers. A tri-color-
! ed flag projecting from an upper story
informs ladies and gentlemen in cir
cumstances of temporary financial
| stress OF the whereabouts of the COM
missionnaire's bureau, but the stair
case is common to all, and the lady
or gentleman who wishes to pawn
diamonds worth a good many thous-
and francs slips in unnoticed, and,
may, for aught the passers-by are
aware, be bound on visit to the
tailor on the first or the milliner on
The second floor, H..
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
WANTED-GOo2 ROADS.

Europe Can Give Us Points Making
Highways.
The value Of good wagon roads is
not appreciated in this country. says
the ST. Louis Globe Democrat. We
are great railroad builders. but we
sadly neglect that equally important
item. good wagon roads. 1t fre-
quently costs the farmer as much to
get his grain to the station. a distance
of few miles as to transportit half
across the continent to market. As
county will issue bonds to help build
railway which it may not need yet
considers that it has done all that's
necessary when it compels the able
bodied citizens to stand in the agon-
ways and talk politics a couple Of
days each year.
IheAmerican method Of .improv-
ing road is about as follows; "a
man is elected road overseer who
could not tell a culvert from a Chi
nese pagoda-knows no more ofroad
building than a dray horse does of
trigonometry. He summons the citi-s
zens to come forth on a certain day
and work the roads" A few of
them come with scrapers and shoVels.s
They paw around in the dirt for a
| day or two each man according to
his own ideas and the last state OF
that road is infinitely worse than the
first The result is that it requires
four horses to do the work Of ONE
when the farm produce is to be-
hauled to market The old Romans
did these things differently. They
| realized that good roads were of vast
" more Importance to a community
than fine buildings. The highways
they constructed are good after TWEEN
ty centuries of wear and tear.
| The poorest countries OF Europe
have better highways than the rich
/ est state of the American Union.
Road building is a science with the
Europeans. It is strange that in this
country. where labor saving ma
chinery has been brought to the high
est perfection where it is the boast
Of the people that every edge is
4 made to cut'-we have the worst
roads the greatest labor waster to be
found in the world.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
{ N on LIKE MARY's LAMB.
A Fox That Teacher Wrags and He
Pupils Tried to Corner.

a FOX In8G fIe8cnCT Anu Her,
Pupils Tried to Corner. M
& Miss Julia A. Wragg. who teaches
the Cherry Vale district school near
Scanton. Pa, had strange visitor
one afternoon. A large flock Of
geese belonging to Farmer Austin o.
Mulkins were picking grass in front
OF the school house while Miss Nragg
was hearing a recitation. Suddenly
the geese began to squat as though
something had scared them. anu they
kept up their racket so long that Miss
Wragg went to the door to see what
the matter was.
A fox had seized one of the geese
by the neck and the rest Of the flock
had formed a circle around bold Rey-
nard and were Kissing, squalling and
esting him with their bills as
though they were determined TO force
him to drop the huttering goose. n.
Miss Wragg shouted. and the fox
broke through the phalanx OF noisy
fowls. dashed past her and dragged
the goose into the school-house. Miss
Wragg followed him in and shut the
door. and the pupils flung their books
and states at the fox till he dropped
the goose and went to & scampering
over the desks and benches. The
boys yelled. the girls screamed and
the fox leaped upon a counter made
a wreck of a window and jammed
his nose through a pane of glass.
just as Reynard was about to gain
his freedom Miss Wragg siezed8 him
by the tail and pulled him back from
the window. Then he curled up and
bit her hand and she let go Of his
tail very quickly. The fox was so
badly frightened that he didn't know
which way to run The boys were
yelling and trying to get a crack at
him. and he lodged their blows and
! darted into a lockwood stove in which
there was no fire. Miss Wragg slam
med the door, thinking that she had /
tire pped the fox. and doing SO the
! stovepipe tumbled down and the fox
popped out of the pipe hole as black
as SCOT and made a break for the
window again: Elmer Hastings a.
pupil. drove him back with a ruler
and the fox ran into a closet where
the girls hung their buds. The boys
hustled him out and he darted into
the entry. climbed a ladder like a.
| fireman and hid in the garrett +.
Miss Wragg took the ladder down..
and one of the boys ran and told Mr.
Mulkins about the fox. Mr.. Mulkins
soon came with his hound. BY that
time his goose lay dead in the school
house. He put the ladder in place
lifted the hound into the garrett and
told him to go for the fox. Mr.. Mulkins,
Miss Wragg and the excited pupils
heard lively scrimmage in the gar
ret for minute or SO. Then they
heard the hound yelp as though he.
we're getting the worst of it. and the
next instant the hound and fox fell
through the hole to the entry floor
| The fall separated them, and the. fox
gave one snap at the hound 81 nose,
turned like a flash. dashed out Of the
\ door before any one had a chance to
stop him, leaped the fence with the
hound at his heels. and went lunping
across the field The hound soon
caught him. but Reynard. fought like
cyclone till he turned tall and then
the fox legged it to the woods and
got away.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
A Graduat e's Diploma.

There's grain Of humor in the
picture which appears on the face of
the diploma awarded to the ..gradu-
atesn Of a Philadelphia reform insti-
tuition for drunkards 8. The picture is
that Of an elegant gentleman, kid
gloved and in silk hat engaged in
picking a drunkard from the gutter.
Around the picture is the ms cription:
DO unto others as you would be
done by. -.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
German Medical students.

In the twenty universities of the
German empire the medical students
for last summer numbered 8. 838.
These were distributed among the
various universities as follows: Ber-
lin 1885; Bonn. 325; Breslau 292;
Erlangen. 424; Freiburg. 481; Gles-
sen. l72; Gottingen. 200; Greifswald.
1913; Halle 2S3; Heidelburg. 278;
jena 212; Kiel. 1856; Konigsberg 256;
eipzig. 8}4; Marburg. 266; Munich.
!. 44S; Rostock. 1873; Strassburg, 1873;
Tubingen. 230, Wurzburg. 745.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
-
What Not?

"Say, Tom, this proposingis fearful
business, isn'tit? Afellow never knows
how to go at it in the most graceful
way. Come, now, what did you say
to Mrs. Greenwalter when yon asked
her to be your wife,"
: Reminiscent Husband Great Scott
what didn't say to her?"
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
His Intere It at stake.

Jaggs How is 1t that you repre-
4ented yourself as being a poor manp
Snag gs That was only in ar adj
vertisement for some money I lost in
the street. ~
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
IT'S Folly to Be Wise.

"smi gins appears to grow more
stupid every day
Yes. Somebody told him that a
little knowledge is q DANGEROUS thing,
and he is trying to forget all he
knows ..a 4
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
Grief.

Peuvlop e-What are you crying
about, Nellie9
Nellie-Jack
{. Penelope What has ne done?
Nellie He has been playing football
and has spoiled his aristoera tic face.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
A Wise Precautioi,

Turner Van Newleaf I'm going To-
turn over a new leaf.
Jack Binthayr Better turn down
the corner SO you won't lose your
place. Puck. sss
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
ROUGH ON BOSTON.

Il Dick Deadeye Opinion of the Ameri-
can AI.ens' ->ava1 Reserve.
The ranks of naval reserve in Bos-
ton are recruited from the flower of
clubdom. and it's members hold them
selves in readiness at dutys call to
lay aside their dress suits or their
morning clothes for their white duck
suits or tarpaulins and they pride
themselves on their efficiency in hand
ling the slush bucket and manipula-
ting the big guns
During the practice dr1ll on the ar
mored cruisers last summer one of
these amateur Boston tars. who is
noted for his 'culchaw" and refine
ment was smoking a friendly pipe
with one of the Dick Deadeyes of the
regular navy. The conversation
turned naturally to the subject OF the
naval reserve, and after a while the
clubman said: .-
Now. tell me caudidly. which does
the best work, the reserve in Boston
or the one in New York;
The old sea-dog shifted his quid.
hitched his trousers, ''winked the
other eye" and said:
Well sir, without wishin to fiat
ter you. the New York reserves
amt in it with Boston. They can t
do the work like you can. -
1--we always thought So " said the
Bostonian complacently, and am
glad to have my opinion confirmed by
a competent authority. What seems
| to be the trouble with them over
| there?" -- "
Well sir says Dick slowly.
blowing cloud of blue smoke, the
trouble is that they don't take to
work like you do; they are all gentle
men over there!'
| Eight bells struck and deep 81.
lence pervaded the ship. - ~
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
WHERE DO MAcKEREL co
,.Ia5ila
= -.-..l -
The End of the Last Season Revived an
Old ElHh NIYs ferry

&
The End Of the Last Season Revived an
Old Fish Mystery.
Where mackerel go for the winter
is one Of the fish mysteries When
the first snow flies in the Bay Of Fundy
mackerel disappear. They are album
dant in the Gulf of st. Lawrence and
off Newfoundland until that time,
plump and juicy and very toothsome
the result Of having fed we'll on their
migration northward The next sea-
son of them is in March. off Cape
Hatteras. All their plumpness is
gone as if they had eaten nothing all
winter. There is scaly growth over
their eyes which nearly blinds them.
Nobody whose palate has been taught
what good mackerel are cares to eat
such fish, Many old fishermen think
the flesh tastes of mud in the spring.
One theory in regard to this is that
the mackerel 20 into the mud in win
ter and remain there and that this
has the effect of producing cataract
growth. or scale. for the protection
of the eye. and of imparting an easy
taste to the flesh. Mackerel have
been speared in the Bay OF Fundy by
men who cut through the ice to look
for fish. Occasionally mackerel has
been found in mud. but cases Of this
kind are so rare that they fail to es-
tablish any rule in regard to the hab.
its of the fish.
The only certainty is that mackerel
disappear from all water visited by
fishing vessels from late in the fall
until early in the spring. The fish
naturally loves the shore and is to be
found close to land in the regular sea-
son. If the fish go into deep water
for the winter and move seward,
they put aside entirely the habits
that have been observed in regard to
| them and in the winter time acquire
traits to which they seem to be in
nately averse in the warm weather
| months.
Mackerel do not like cold water.
| and it is not believed that they re.
main in the northern bays through
tho winter. There is certainly no ex-
! planation If it be assumed that they
make their winter home off Newfound-
land. for their appearance in a lati-
tude much farther south in the spring.
Canadian fishermen have several
times tried to make trouble over
mackerel catches claiming that
mackerel remain in northern waters
as their natural habitat and that the
mackerel coming up from Hatteras are
not at all the same fish found in the
Bay of Fundy. This theory has not
been accepted however. by Ameri-
| can fishermen. and the claims of the
Canadians do not seem plausible
enough to have justified any action
| by the authorities of the Dominion.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
Sally Wa Reassure Il.


After had bunked down on the
floor of the squatter' $ cabin and had
been given about a quarter of an hour
to go to sleep heard the woman ask
her husband across the freplace:
Jim. when he uns gifts up in the
mawnin' will him ask fur soap?"
.Of CO SO not replied the man.
" Fur towels?"
No"
Wont he un ask fur whisky?"
No"
Nor comb for him's harp
No"
reckon he un will look fur coffee
and taters?''
OF co'se not. :
Nor for sugar or butter?' s
No"
Reckon he I'm will eat pone and
bacon and say nuthin?'
..Sartin.
Jim l wish we had towers and
soap and brush and comb fur he
un,:'' she continued after a bit.
Sally. you purity nigh blind. I
reckon he exclaimed in reply.
Cant you see that he is q gentle
man. and doan yo' own sense figger
/ it out that no gentleman ever uses
SIGH truck when he kin possibly
dodge it?"-New York Sun.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
As You Look at 1t.

Hustler TO think that IA man
spends one-t third OF his life in bed
& Slowboy Humph! It's the other
;wo thirds that trouble ne Puck
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
A Great Thing.

h Ben w ould' Mt it be nice to hare
an uncle in the circus business
CarlYes. indeed! just think how
nice all the fellows at school would.
treat you! -Harper's Young People.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
Turn About.

Fond Mother-Well. Tommy. what
are you going to do for me when you
grow upp
Tommy-If ! can afford it I'm
going to send you to some heightened
establishment w here you will get q
fine education. Texas Siftings.
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1893-01-05
Celestial Trait.

Freshman Why am ! like the mills
Of the gods?
Chum Give it up. 4.
FreshmanI grind slowly.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31
DALLAS.
JUDGE BURKE DECIDES A POINT
IN THE CONTEST


Dallas, Tex, May 10 Special 1.-The
contest case of Bryan r. Barry vs.. W.
G, CunnOr was called again In Judge
Burke's court this morning aud the argn-
ment resumed. Colonel COwart closed
for the respondent Judge Burke. at
1l:3O, handed dawn his decision. He
sustained the demurrer Of the respondent
and held that the section OF the consutu
ton requiring that all ballots be mum
bered is directory and not mandatory
hence he would not throw out ltiO bal
lots not numbered, as prayed for by re-
lator The judge announced that he re
garded the law requiring the numbering
of all ballots MS an admirable safeguard
to the purity of the ballot and believed
all ballots should be numbered, notwith-
standing the wording OF the Australian
ballot law. No allegation Of fraud had
been made, and hence he would sustain
the demurrer that the law was directory
and not mandatory and lao citizens
should not be disfranchscd because elec-
ton officers thrugh iHlOrauce, Nenality,
or from any other cause, violated the
election law. He oyerruled the demurrer
of respondent denying the right OF the
courts to stretch ont its strong arm ahd
right a wrong where fraudulent voting
bribery or other corrupt practices were
shown" The judge held that be had thu
right to order an Investigation nhd inc
bailots recounted when fraud was al
legged and could be established.
Mr.. Blrry's attorneys then asked prr.
mission to amend their peutlon, alleslni
miscount iu the First ward that would
reduce the plurality OF Mayor Common TO
one vote aud alleged fraud in the ,flith
ward. AT 2:3O the attorneys OF the
mayor asked time to file their piehulhE7;
which was granted, and court adjourned
until . O'Clock tomorrow.
Judge George IL. Nounan Of BeNnr. ~
a recent decso held that ire constr
tutional provision declaring az ballots
should be numbered was mandatory nhu
ordered 1900 votes thrown ont, here -
a ,iecision directly opposite ami go far as
The lower court is concerned 1t Is be-
iieyed it practically decides the contest I.,,'l,
Connor's attorneys declare HAT Judge
Burke has, by sustaining their 'illei ue ",
mt,rrer to all intcnts aud PURPOSES male
valid the title of w. O. Conuor TO the
office of mayor.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31

INTERESTED anticipate interesting races
iien. tiamlst Ho>etl of kaufman viii
sn'ss sne "csenth annual addr'ss %
.ne torslcann high schuoi at lhc COIN
nenv'lifnt exercises ~ she Merchants
yleE house next Thursday night. Mr.
npssc,t has bern twice elected repre-
sentative from Kaufman county. aud is
iluent speaker
Following Is the program of the clcv-
cum commencement or the Corsicann
hlsh school at The Merchants opera
house, June /. lsSe..
iinvc,Hiion,......, .liey. Horace Bishop
Saluintory, with essay I'VE All
:, Wear Marks" Miss lad Richardson
ESSAY Victories OF Peace" 80.
~, .,........... Miss Hulda Hodges
Essay-"Revival Of Art" .....
............ Miss Hattie Ronsorn
bssay-"All things Come 20 Those
N, Who Wait'.". Miss Lizzie Boyd
Essay Thoughts Of the skies"
Music. 49,
EFs s.sy ltsss.,ia.. Miss Bessie lee
Naledielory. with essay -''rhe Phi
losopher's Stone" Miss Willie Gibbs
Presentation Of diplomas. .....
...,... Principal of high school
Annual address. Hon. Hamlet Gosseti
Benedlciion. Rev. John Boss SHELTON
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31
TEXAS WEATHER BULLETIN.

Galveston. Tex, May 30.--(Speclal l.
alyeston-Mnximnn 20. minimum IS.
Abilcne- Maximum 90, minimum "a.
Belton- Maximum "a, minimum 80.
Brenham-M Maximum ~, minimum q.
Caricann- Maximum ~. minimum BG,
Columbia Maximum 30 minimum "a.
Cuero Maximum M, minimum 20,
Dallas-Maximun 81 minimum W
Uearn-Maximum o. minimum 20
Houston Maximum 80, minimum 90.
Huntsville Maximum W, minimum ~
i'nmgyie,y- Maximum 10, minimum "a.
I.uling Maximum %, minimum a.
ornnge-AIaximum ~, minimum 90,
Palestine Maximnm 10. minimum Us.
San Antonio Maximum 30. minimum
TG 40 t..,... 20
TvIer-N Ma xiuum KS. minimum Us.
Waco Alaximum ~. minimum Os;
Means Maximum temperature, Ol'O;
minimum temperature, 10.3.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31
DECORATION DAY.

The Grand Army posts and woman ;
nv, large scale. The members of these
ORGANIZATIONS, their families and friends
rennired TO the cemetery today ana deco
rated the graves of fallen ulon sol,
diers. Afterwar1 squad Of 6rand
Army men visited the grave Of Captaiin
~ e. Veal, gallant Confederate soi-
der. His grave was fairly ssrewn WIN
flowers by the veteran boys ~ uiue' a
iife corps. and forty-four yodng ladies
dressed In white, each representing a
stota az the Union This afternoon a
large crowd gathered at the city park,
where patriotic addresses were made ny
Judge 4. II. Norton, Colonel NJ. w.
Mann aud others.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31
MINOR MENTION.

A stump Of cigar, lighted. and thrown
into a trash pile close 70 the stone wals
OF the Tabernacle last night caused 4
slight blaze A reporter. with VIVA
imngibatloh Immediately jumped TO me
conclusion that an attempt had been
made 10 fire the building, lie forgol maj
ron which spoiled the story,
The Gazette prints the only complete
md verbatim reports Of sam Jones ser
mons aaI The people make. rush for
ia neyvsleaiers every morning.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31
CORslCANA.


Corsicana, Tex. May D.-'SpeeiaL >
Al the business men's meeting lAsi e .','.',,
ing. the following nainel sn' -, -. !.
wers s XXI Ia 4 military school. watch il
.'.n,,nssd 10 be ,-r.ied here; sievs
gn,l,h II. s Dauron. c. II. Allyn, y
AZ lester and J. y. Whiiesellr j.
I,iwin Gould and party spent ~.
nisht in the CITY and leff this ilornihs
~ Tvler. Captain James Garrtv q
Mis- eiiy accompanied the pFriy. -.
The ". Q. H. u. give IN zee crt.lin
festival near their new hall IBIS e'en'ns'
from which they had good r',lu.h ,hs
Two days races VIII oe s ~. a.
~ ist - la.4v will he asiren By Mrssfs,
lA' n Vhits.selio and J. W Mliir.i.
They have some fast animals ana 'H''s
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31

Notice Ia hereby given that at the Janu.
art torn. ISM, " the district rourt " Tar
rant county, In the Seventeenth judicial dis
trivt, In cause M. U'tii Wherein the Mer-
chants' National hank " Fort Worth. Tex,
u plnlntim aud w A. Lake u AL are de-
fcndnnia aud lnterycnors, II was by said
tuurt uiiudprd that tiirro certain writlcn
iuHtTments, executed 10y W. y. Lake on
the I'd day VI July, 1901 one 10 w, n, toif-
man, one 20 NJ, a, Eills ami the other 10
u II. Harold nperni,l ~ a general narign-
glent Of all tho property OF said ". y
execution ~ sniu INSTRUMENTS by hlm, or
espt such property o. Il by law exempt to
Hin from iurcei sale under cNpcutinn aud
that the undersigned was, by The order of
said court nppnihtpl aalrnee " an said
property - assigned, and that said court
lake runsenilnr tg said assignment h. re-
qulred 70 lille their rlnima. daily verified,
with the undersigned ~ such assignee with.
IN the tlne aud manner ~ provided by
law In eases of general assignments FOR tho
benefit ~ creditors under the statute ia
now therefore hereby given 10 all creditors
~ tho snid W n Lake., who were such
creditors on the "a dny ~ July. lsni de.
string TO participate In said assigned prop
nrty or the proceeds thereof that they are
required 10 MAKE known In writing 70 the
mcni within four months after the publlra.
ton ~ this n0tlce and Within ala months
from the tina " the nrni publication 81
ibis notice to Me with the uhdrrsigned. Ne
such assignee. iheit calins against said
debtor. or tasisnc' estate duty prepared aud
sud poetoiice addres. Of the undersigned Il
Fort Worth rnrnnt county, TeN
1bia. Aiay .id, lNfl
u. y, BlocKllAM, Assignee
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1893-05-31
CLASSIFIED COLUMN.


90 hccount OF tho Increasing Demands up
o. the srocv Of lhe Gazette, both by nj.
Nctuscrs unu TO meet the requirements 81
= xtcauy improved news service, u y cNin-
pelicd TO discontinue The publication .mily
q IRE Advertisements for pcyeona dcsifink
nctp or cmrloyMrni, ar uoticrr 81 nfttt's
,ust or found. This frnturr wilt. howeNci,
ns W, cVnuuue-i ~ The Sunday Saaciie, enu
VII be available TO 'hvsc whors ncticys Nc
rrrcised not later than o'clock frian'
.fw snch notices IN the ciasrined column
o. INC daily Issue OF The Garette. ehnrhe
wv hercafier be made OF cent per wo'u'