davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09
SHOT TO DEATH.
One Montana Man Kills Another
i'll self ID efcnsc.

i'll eif-Defcnsc.
Special to the Globe.
HELENA, Mont, Jan. S.--John Ma
bours, deputy United States marshal. OF
Blaekfoot reservation, and Sam Barber,
cowboy. had suit in justice court at
RObane over the ownership of a horse.
The case was decided against NabourS,
who opened fire on Barber, shooting
Tour times. one shot graZed BARRIERS
leg. Barber returned the fire. empty
ing the contents of his slX-shoOter into
NabOurS' body. Nabours died of blood
poisoning. The coroner's jury eXoner-
ated Barber.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09
PERIODICALS RECEIVED.

The Arena, The Arena Publishing
company, Boston, Mass
The Housekeeper, Minneapolis. Mimi.
The New York Ledger, Robert Bon-
ner's Sons. New York.
The School Review. A Journal of Sec
opdary E iucation. published by Cornell
university. Ithaca. n. y.
Two Ta,eS. Two Tales Publishing COM
pany. Beacon street. BO,, ON, Mass. q
8eiford's MCn.hl~, Office of pujlicae
ton Monon blocl, Chicago. 50
The Mothers Nursery Guide ana
Babyhood, Babyhoo,l i'ubli 'hiar romIA
pahy, > Bepkman street, New York,
n. Y
The Youths Companion. Perry Ma
son, publisher. Boston, Mi,ss.
Our Little Ones and The Nursery The
Russell Publishing company, 1876 sum
rer street Boston, Mass.
Music. \ Monthly Magazine. W. ). b.
Mathews. publisher, 24J u aDash ave
nue., Gticago.
lie HOLIDAY Gossip. A MAGAZINE De-
voted IL Literature ANA Laughter, Mo
Table Talk. Tal,le Talk Pa>lislin:
company. Philadelphia, Pa, lib Chest.
nut trcet.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09
MIGHT FILL TIE BILL

Quiet Old Gentleman to Western Ho-
telkeeper-Have you any Friends stay
ing here-Quakers, you know?
Western Hotelkeeper-No, / don't
think so; but there's old Jake Guzzle
in the barn with the iimjams; you
might take look at him.--Judge.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

The New York Press club has paid
100000 for site for its new club house,
and the building is to be on the same
scale Of magnificence. All this grandeur
may be well enough, but won't it make
the shiny coats and knee-sprung trousers
show up more depressingly by contrast?
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

WHAT are GLADsToNE's fame and
glory to him now? Naught but a hol-
low mockery, fin the estimation of DR..
DEPEw; for hasn't the g. o. ms physi-
clan put an absolute embargo on ban
QuetSi
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09
PURELY DISTINGUISHED.

Uncle MOse-I wants to swan out a
warrant again de man mex do to me,
for cruelty to animals.
Squire Lawless-W What's he been do
ing?
Uncle Mose-He keeps his bulldog an
his chickens locked up togedder in one
coop, sub. -lndianapolis journal.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

If HANDSOME does as handsome is,
EDWARD MURPHY Jr. is plenty good
enough for senator. Even CALVIN
BRICE, with his curly locks, is not so
winsome a sight.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09
Fire in souta Il PAM

AT IL o'clock last night fire broke out
III the Hesse building in South St.Paul,
presumably from il coal stove. Before
the blaze could be controlled it had
totally consumed the building and was
at work III the Manufacturer building adj
Joining. In an hour the fire depart
ment had controlled the blaze. with a
loss to the Mannheimer building of
about 81, goo. The damage to the Hesse
building was about $1,000, fully covered
by insurance.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

AYEAR or more ago Deacon WHITES
failure was announced in Wall street
with liabilities in the sum Of s., O0O, OOO
The deacon can now announce that he
has paid his debts. dollar for dollar. If
Wall street can spare few deacons of
this stripe, there are several churches
wherein they could fill long-felt wants
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

Columbian stamps viii stick to
your pOc1etboOk and be OF no use.
But Coiun bian Souvenir coins Will
be a Joy forever and can be handed
Il lyn TO generations as heirlOoms 5.
Get them al the q lcbe counting
room today.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRIcULT-
URE, WEATHER BUREAU. WASHINGTON. Jan
s, 6:lS p m. Local Time. D. m. 18th Merid-
ian Time. Observations taken at the same
moment of time NJ all stations.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

"OUR Madison Square garden is to
have new DIANA" boasts New York :;
and, Eyes, nude DIANA" mocks Chi
cago. Is there any sacred association,
modern or physiological, which Chicago
is bound 10 respect?
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

EITHER the feeling between Par
nelites and Anti-ParnellitPs i'll Ire
land is still very bitter. or Irish
whisky beats the world for belligerent
properties.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

THIS talk of Hawaiian annexation is
all rubbish, Uncle Sam doesn't want
any mortgaged sugar plantations with
volcano adOrnmenls.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

AN Illinois Pop is out in Kansas after
JERE SIMPSONS scalp. He probably
wishes to assist JERE in making eX-
tremes meet on common equality: no
SockS. DO hair.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09
Eastern Advertising Office Room Il,
Giunes Rnil6inn. New York.

Complete files of The GLOBE alwayskept on
hand for reference. Patrons and friends are
cordially invited visit and avail
of the fa ciliiies of our Eastern Office while
in New York.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

Rejected communications cannot be pre-
served AoQless all letters and tele2fams 10
TIE GLOBE. st. Paul, Min.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

SINGULARLY enough, Chicago likes
the new Columbian stamps, and New
York doesn't
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

TR1-WEEKLY-- DAILY Monday Wednesday
and Fridsy.) aeon
VT in ADVANCE ga 90 . mos. in ady..Sz w
) months in advance ISL W.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

"AMoNG the increasing signs" OBJ
serves the Philadelphia Press-faithful
organ of the great defeated-"t hat Ed
WARD MURPHY Jr. will be elected to
the United States senate to succeed
Hon. FRANK HIsCoCK, of New York,
is the large and obtrusive fact that
GROVER CLEVELAND is for some other
man." BY parity of reasoning. no
doubt, the esteemed Press could easily
demonstrate that GROVER CLEvE-
LANDS recent election to the presidency
was due to the large but singularly un-
obtrusive fact that GROVER CLEVE-
LAND was for some other man.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

Mr.. Morris little boys legislature
will reconVene today.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

CHOLERA, if we may accept Senator
CHANDELIERS opinion as correct, is one
of the most eccentric of diseases. 1t is
a rigid respeeter of persons OH the lines
of quality. All other diseases are dem
Ocratic; they tackle the high and the
low, the rich and the Door, the parvenu
and the proetarian alike. Typhus and
the smallpox enter the mansion and
the cabin; la grippe levies on all classes
for its recruits; babies born to wealth
and rank have the whOoping cough and
measles just as certainly as do those
born to poverty. But the cholera draws
the line at wealth, rank and station. 1t
sails in the steerage only. and travels
second class. 1t is at home among the
poor and the needy. ItfindS no congenial
company among the wealthy. 1t is en-
phatically the poor mans sickness. We
can therefore quarantine the Storage
and second cabins and exempt the first
cabins. We can shut the door against
the immigrant and open it to the tour
ist. Aristocracy is per Sc a disinfect-
ant; immigration is per Sc infectious.
A peculiar disease is CHANDELIERS
cholera
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

Below zero.
Fl. LYONS, Local Forecast Official.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

DAILY AND SUNDAY.
] yr I'm advance. $40 90 3 mos. in adv..$2 %
q m in advance. 500 5 weeksin adv. %
One month. ..... &c.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

in, IN. otai, Up ANA Down OF ii
Louisville Courier Journal
How 10 sop the piuprrS from coming
in, the gold from goiii. ont, the pensions
from gong up and the : liver from going
down arc The elrmeatS Ia IL piz2t
that is nla.iin5 your Uacie Sa.i scr,teA
his head.
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

WEEKLY ST. PAUL GLOBE.
One year 81 Six mo-, Coo Three mo-, SIC
St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1893-01-09

SUNDAY ALONE.
vr in advance So 90 ) mos. in adv. .5Oc
4. m in advance. l 90 M. in advanee.20
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03

RATILESNhhE iEIE. and to preserve the
brilliancy and fiexibility of the skins in the
greatest possible degree the snakes were
skinned alive, first being made unconscious
with chloroform. Gruber, who is now 33
years old, has been catching rattlesnakes
for nine years and has subjected them to all
sorts of experiments.
"This rattler," he said to a Cincinnati
Enquirer man in his place of business the
other day, ''is pure and unadulterated,"
and with that he yanked out of the cage
big rattler and tossed it on pool table.
1t was right on its dignity and ratified fu-
riously around the table, showing it's fangs
and darting tongue. Watching his chance,
he seized it by the back of the head with
his naked hand and inserted in Its mouth an
ivory knife and showed the poison sack and
fangs on the upper jaw of the now thor
oughly enraged reptile To more fully
illustrate the snakes way Of doing bust
ness, Pete removed the knife and then pro
ceeded to tease him with a stick. He be
came furious and struck at the stick, emit
ting a poisonous yellow fluid. The snake
used on this occasion was the Rocky noun
tain rattlesnake, and was feet in length,
it's string Of rattles numbering Is.
He said the rattlers were the most dan
gerous between the 1st of July and the 1st
Of September, when they are molting their
skins. They go blind when the shedding is
in progress and will strike at any strange
sound or touch. Even the eyes of the snake
peel off in the shedding of the skin, which
sometimes takes place in a couple of hours
and sometimes requires several days. OF
the varieties Of rattlers, the black, the yell
low and the swamp rattlesnake, he has
found the last mentioned the most danger
Gus, being the quickest to snap and max
ing the lightest noise when it rattles.
Though the black and the rattlesnake are
enemies in the woods, they never fight in
captivity, but the blacksnakes will some
times attack each other when hungry, the
victorious reptile not infrequently swallow
ing another half or two-thirds as large as
itself
Pete also volunteered the Information
that the rattlers used by snake fakirs in
museums are perfectly harmless. Their
mouths are invariable sewed up. If they
are too lively drugs are used to deaden
them. No man would be foolhardy enough
to place genuine rattler about his neck
unless his snakeship was fixed for the oc-
casion.
| There are snakes in Pete's place that
have not eaten anything in three years.
| Food is offered them, but they take nothing
but water. They are fat and slick as when
first caught. Some of them eat occasional
| ly In captivity, their preference being chip
munks, swallows, English sparrows mice,
| etc.
The female rattler gives birth to her
| young alive and is the only snake that
does, theothers laying eggs from which the
young are Matched.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03

Year after year, as the forests are
cleared away and population in that
section grows denser, the western cy-
clone becomes more and more deadly.
From the earliest days of settlement
by civilized man the region between
the Mississippi river and the Rocky
mountains has been recognized as pc
culiarly susceptible to violent me treo-
rological and atmospheric infuer ce :,
but Of late years the degree of fatal
ity from these visitations have largely
increased. There are not, in all
probability, greater number of cy-
clones nowadays than in former times;
yet the people are crowded more close
ly together, and the resulting fatali-
ties are widespread and involve more
and more victims in each season.
The cyclone is meteorological factor
that may be reckoned with closely
upon reasonably accurate data of per-
centages and averages.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03
Grand Army Encampment.

Grand Army men are looking forward
with special interest to the encampment
this year at indianapolis. The residents
of the city have raised Sl50,000 for the
purpose of entertainment and the deter.
mination is to give the veterans royal
treatment. A large attendance is ex-
pected, for indianapolis is only short
distance from Chicago and the old
soldiers will take that opportunity to
visit both places.
The Grand Army organization now
includes forty-fve departments, $500
posts and nearly half million members
1t has grown far beyond TIE expecta-
tions of those who started the organiza.
ton twenty-seven years ago, and its end
will come only with the death of the
last of those who fought for their coun-
try in the memorable early sixties,
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03

1t is odd to hear foreigners visiting
the country complain about American
railway cars. One frequent source
of complaint is that the seats in the
American cars offer very limited
room for two persons and their backs
are too low to afford any support to
the head; single crying infant or
spoiled child annoys sixty or seventy
persons instead of the few in one
compartment; the passenger has little
control over his window as some one
in the car is sure to object if he opens
it; the continual opening and shutting
of the doors, with the consequent
draughts are annoying; the incesfant
visitations of the trainboy with his
books, candy and other articles for
sale render a quiet nap almost i'm
possible, while in the event of an
accident there are only two exits for
sixty people, instead of six Or eight.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03
FueITWEs FROM JUSTICE.
Their Disguises Often Arouse Suspicion
and Lead to Detection.

Their Disguises Often Arouse Suspicion
and Lead to Detection.
Shaving off the beard or mustache is one
of the commonest methods of disguise
adopted by criminals, but the police always
recognize such a proceeding as probable
and an expert thief taker is well able tc
identify his man minus such adornments
In some cases indeed the wanted PERSONS
likeness is put into the detectives hands
with the mustache and whiskers removed
showing what the man win be like without
them.
An absconding bank cashier a short tint
ago attempted to leave the COUNTRY dressed
as a woman. His disguise was seen through
by keen eyed detective who was watching
outward bound vessels, and although HI
did not recognize the man he detained hin
on suspicion, and communicating with thu
head authorities the prisoner was sooI
identified. In that case the disguise itsel
actually led to the detection Of the Grim
inal. In two other recent cases men wear
ing false boards and mustaches were Sc
cured by the policemen anxious to discover
their reasons for assuming them. These
afterward proved so unsatisfactory that
one of them received and the other Il
years imprisonment.
The thing which most stands a crimina
in good stead in making his escape is hii
having common face, one with no mark
ed popularity, and an iron nerve to enabl,
him to carry himself like an innocent per
son. In many cases the buying of tht
things selected by the fugitive as being
most helpful to conceal his identity afford!
a clew which insures his capture.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03
Not the Man He Was Thought.

From the Sentinel
There is no question now that Mr..
Harris will abandon the Reading to its
fate in July. His resignation is in, and
all denials to the contrary will not hide
the fact very long.
Mr.. Harris has proved a failure. lie
only added to the perplexties of the
Reading by detracting business from the
Lehigh Valley to the Central railroad.
The popular estimate of Mr.. Harris was
not sustained. He lacked backbone and
energy and was allowing himself to be
steered into ways that if not devious
were certainly dangerous.
He allowed the publication of state
ments showing the Lehigh to make
enormous profits, and yet when cornered
admitted loss of nearly a million
dollars. He allowed the other receivers
to ask the court for permission to issue
receivers certificates, and they fully in
tended to use the money to pay Mcleod s
speculative debts and other expenses
entirely out of the receivers province to
pay.
Until Wilbur and Paxson are thrown
out there will be no confidence in Read
ing or Lehigh. A determined effort is
being made to eject them. They are
not likely to go as soon as Harris, but
eventually they must 60 because any
plan is likely to be failure in theil
hands.
Mr.. Wilbur had complete control oi
the Lehigh Valley and didn't make i
pay, and there is no real reason for ex
pecting him to make it pay now. Move
ments will soon begin in other courts
outside of Philadelphia that will com
mand attention and force an issue.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03
A Word to wives and Mothers.

If your husband or son is addicted to
the use of tobacco, morphine or liquor,
you can free them from their habit.
Hills chloride of gold tablets cost but
SlO0 and are guaranteed to cure drunk
enness, morphine or tobacco habit in a
few days. These tablets may be given
in tea or coffee without the knowlege of
the patient and will cause him to volun-
tarily give up the use of tobacco, liquor
or the drug.
Do not delay, but put an end to the
sufferings you have heretofore under
gone. Cure your husband or son and
gain happiness for them and yourself
Hills tablets are for sale by all frstclass
druggists.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03
A Novel Duel,

One of the most unique duels ever known
is that of two Frenchmen who decided to
fight in the air. Two balloons were made
exactly alike, and upon the appointed day
each scared aloft, accompanied by his sec
ond. They were each armed with blum
derbuss, Shs agreement being that they
were to fire not at each other, but at the
balloons. They arose to the height Of half
a mile, and then the preconcerted signal
was given One fired and missed; the other
followed suit with more disastrous effect.
He hit his opponents balloon, which in
stantly collapsed, with the result that the
occupants CT the car were dashed to the
earth with frightful rapidity and instantly
killed
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03

The Worlds fair paid attendance
is progressing rapidly toward the nu-
merical proportions which were an
ticipated from the beginning. The
incompleteness in some departments
at the opening, the hostility of the
press in rival cities, the flooding
rains, the uncertainty about Sunday
opening and some other causes re-
duced the amount of the receipts for
the month of May to discouraging
average. But with the completion
of the buildings and the exhibits
fully installed, with the report which
every visitor gave of its manifold
attractions and triumphs, with the
recurrence of June's pleasant skies
and airs, with the pomps and glories
of the opening summer added to the
scenes Of wonder at the fair, the peo-
pie enter the gates in growing num-
bers and the admissions Indicate that
the expectations formed at the incep-
tion of the enterprise will be fully or
moro than realized. NeaoSdealer
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03

a recent traveller through the rural dis
tricts of France writes that the country
people there wear crushed and subdued
air. The reason is that ceaseless toll and
pinching parsimony take all the life out
of them, so there is nothing but mere
existence. He writes; "You see in their
faces the grinding care and greedy thrift
which fill the lives of these people. They
are not a lovely folk, these ever toiling
French peasants. The joy seems to have
gone out of the lives of young and old"
There is only one subject that really
awakens their interest outside of scrap
ing money together, and that is talk of
war between France and Germany. They
would give their lives as one man to fight
again and take back Alsace and Lor-
raine from Germany.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03

Under the law of 1890 the United
States treasurer may at his discretion
pay either gold or silver coin for the sill
yer treasury notes issued in exchange for
the silver bullion purchased. But they
will not be paid In silver at present.
There is no fear Of that. President
Cleveland has issued, to use his own
words, my emphatic contradiction" of
any rumor that Secretary Carlisle will
redeem any kind of treasury notes in any
thing but gold. "The president and his
cabinet are absolutely harmonious" on
that point, quoth President Cleveland.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03
READING RAILROAD SYSTEM.
LEHIGH VALLEY
lM8&/ DIVISION.
Anthracite coal used excIu-
sively, insurDg cleanliness and
comfort.
ARRANG EMENT OF PASSENGER TRAINS.
MAY IA, 1893.

ARRANGEMENT OF PASSENGER TRAINS.
MAY Ia, 1893.
LEAVE FREELAND.
sos, s AZ, 0 40. TO- a m, 12 25, l 81, 227. As,
So, 6 5s. IL, s AZ p m, for Drifton Jeddo. Lum-
Der Yard, Stockton and IIazleton.
sos a m ~, A., 4 So p m. for Mauch Chunk,
Allentown, Bethlehem, Phila., Easton and New
York.
940a m for Bethlehem, Easton and Phila.
Z 26, 10 Sc IN, IL l6, "a p M (via Highland
Branchl for White Haven, Glen Summit, Wilkes
Barre Pittston and L. and b. Junction.
SUNDAY TRAINS.
II 40 IN and As p m for Drfton, Jeddo, Lum-
Der Yard and IIazleton.
3 45 p m for Deano. Mahanoy City, Shenan-
doah, New York and Philadelphia.
ARRIVE AT FREELAND.
$50, 100, 726 . Is, 10 SO IN, 12 IS, Is, 2 49,
4H, o 5S and 81 m, from IIazleton, Stockton,
Lumber Yard, Jeddo and Drifton.
26, Is. 10 81 m, IL, 4 "a, 6 IS p m from
Delano, Mahanoy City and Shenandoah tvia
| Is, 6 5S and s 81 p m from New York, Easton
Philadelphia, Bethlehem, Allentown and Mauch
Chunk.
o Is and 10 56 a m, Is, 6 So and s 81 D m from
91S, 10 Al am, q, q IS p IN from White Haven,
Glen Summit, Wilkes Barre, Pittston and l.. and
B. Junction via Highland Branch).
SUNDAY TRAINS.
II 81 m and 81 p m, from Hazleton, Lum-
Der Yard, Jeddo and Drifton.
II u IN from Delano, Hazleton, Philadelphia
and Easton.
33l p m from Dclano and Mahanoy region.
For further information inquire of Ticket
Agents.
G. G. HANCOCK, Gen. Pass. Agt.
Philadelphia, Pa.
A. W. NoNNEMACHER, Asst G. PA.
South Bethlehem, Pa.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1893-07-03

up by Corse increased the garrison to 1000
men. Colonel Tourtellotte, with 450 Min
nesota boys of the Fourth regiment and
part of the Twelfth Wisconsin battery, lay
in the fort east of the cut. In the brush
around the works were l50 skirmishers of
the Eighteenth Wisconsin. General Corse
sent over to the east ridge $50 of the Twelfth
Illinois and $50 of the Fiftieth to be held
in reserve behind the works ready to move
anywhere at call. On the west ridge 800
Illinoisans of the Ninety-third were scat
tered as pickets and picket reserves all
around the semicircle. The Seventh Hi
nois, 267 strong, and the Thirty-ninth Iowa,
numbering 2SO, formed line of battle on
Il spur of the west ridge in the'pits and re
doubts covering the main fort.
French planted IL pieces of artillery on
the south of the cut TO sweep it's whole
length and lombard the ridge as well