Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1893-02-23
FARWERS' AT BRATTLEBORO.
Developments in Butter Making. Win
ter Care of stock.

The State Board OF Agriculture held q
very successful two-dsy farmers institute
at Brattleboro on Thursday and Friday,
| February 9 and 10, nj which an extended
programme was carried out. Gov. Fuller.
| Col. G. W. Hooker, MIR. e. y. Whitman
Of the Maple Sugar exchange were among
the speakers. GA Thursday afternoon,
| Messrs. II. w. Vail and j. o. Sanford of
| the board smoke on Modern DEVELOPMENTS
10 butter making" and "W inter care of
stock" respectively, oud their remarks were
! discussed as follows;
| Mrs. A. A. c. Ware MIR. Wallis re-
marks on the modern developments in but
| ter making have called back to me the old
wasp, the dash churn, the crank churp, tho
use OF the finger as a thermometer and the
many means whereby we were apt to spoil
both butter and temper l think that We
used to overwork our buffers in those days,
and know we girls we're orked, and
one of the great modern developments in
this limo in my opinion is that the dairy
| work has largely passed from the woman to
| the man, and often to the creamery or
| cheese factory. The course in methods of
milk handling seems to DO upwards. Tho
shallow and deep settings now have to oom-
pete with tho separator. l hope that some
thing yet may be invented to handle
milk as Thoroughly and more easily
than Ethe separator, for it is quito
| task to run one either by man OF animal
! power, but / am convinced that the separa-
tor system is the system OF the future.
| One of tho modern developments iu this
| line is towards making more uniform prod
act. Different makes make differing grades,
whereas plenty OF Que good grade is bettor.
| | want to ask Nr all whether frosted en-
| oil ~ 10 nel1 on h1 | i,l-
| myself it does.
MIR. Vail believe that it is liable to
hurt the milk. In fact overlooking of
frosted or bad ensilage or clover, of musty
corn fodder affects tho product. SO do
| odors around the barn in general, and
| think that the i'll effects sometime charged
| against ensilage are due to tie absorption
of its odor By the milk after it is drawn
/ from the COW.
| Mr. Wcre-How long can milk stay in
the stable after milking before it becom es
affected by doors
Mr.. Nai-It absorbs more quickly az it
grows cyoler. You can't set it away from
the barn any too soon.
Mr.. StaiIord-Can we dispense with such
grain foods as bran, which we can't raise
but have to buy, if we use roots or on
| silage?
hT. ' alI-NO Elf. bran contains pro-
teine, which roots and ensllage largely lack.
A balanced ration must contain both pro
tene, the flesh forming and carbohydrates
the heat forming constituents. To get rid
OF buying go largely, grow more clover and
cure it well, cut bay early and feed neither
too rich or too poor ration.
Question How do you cure your clover
hay?
| | cut it and let it heat in the cock for q
day; it seems to soften it and it may be
/ gotten in Greener. | don't dry mine as
much as | used to do and believe got
better food in consequence.
Mr.. Wheeler-Why do cattle eat boards I?
Mr. Nai-They want phosphate, their
| food lacks it. Feed them bran. bone meal
or wood ashes and they wi! not have the
craving for board diet
Mr.. Gardner think that cottonseed
meal will also supply this want.
what's the value OF white top grass?
/ Mr. Nail-It is pretty poor stuiT whether
cut early or late.
| Mr. Wheeler-There are three kinds of
white top growing in Wiudham county, one
is like carly June grass, onc has head like
the sprawling oat grass aud third head
like orchard grass. Early cut some of
| them food, but late cut all are very
| poor.
Mr. Vail-We call some OF these grasses
| poverty grass, and | verify believe that a
COW would get as much actual nutriment
out of hemoc1 sawdust as from these
grasses
The singing of the Protective Grange
| choir, of Miss Goodenough and Mrs. Sprague
| OF B-atIleboro and Mr. Mller of Dummer-
ston, added greatly to the interests of the
meeting, which in many respects were the
best held by the board this year.
"Diseases of Potatoes" Discussed by
| PROT Jones at he shoroham Meeting.
The State Board OK Agriculture held a
| two days' institute at Shorehem in Addison
county the latter part Of last week. Among
the spockers was Prof. J.. Il. jones OF the
! University of Vermont, who lectured on
diseases OF potatoes. illustrating his remarks
by the use of the stereopticon.
He said that there were three important
potato diseases in Vermont, the true blight.
the sceb and new disease which might be-
called the early blight.
The first two are caused by fungus
growths, the third seems to be due to the
work of both fungi ana bacteria For
the first two we possess moro or loss prac-
tcGl renedies, and Investigations locking
! toward the checking of the latter are al
/ EtIQy uuubT way dui HIll form llG main
line Of botanical research at tine Experiment
station during the coming summer.
During the past three years the spraying
of funglcide upon the potatoes to check tho
! true or later blight has increased the croue
ia round numbers 50, 10 and 200 bushels
per acre, worth from SO to $50 per acre.
The cost OF spraying an acre varies from 70
cents to ~ for materials and 30 cents for
labor. In the work at the Experiment
station during the past summer three spray
ings were made, July 30, August ID aud
rs, tho field being divided into l6 plots
some of which received no treatment what.
ever, the others receiving various treat
mentI
At this point the speaker showed lantera
slides illustrative or these plots. Perhaps
as striking as any were OF two ad Joining
plots, one untreats1, the other well sprayed.
taken in the middle Of September, the one
with every vino dead, the other mass O.
living gresn tue first yielding about 100,
tho latter 800 bushels OF marketable tubers
| per acre.
Ono source OF loss usually undsrestImated
| il tho shor sned crop from the early k Hing