davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-11-29

average 81 pounds, perhaps) OF vegeta-
BILE fibre, starch, sugar, gums, albumin
oids and similar substances made from
water, and the carbonic acid gas, the
ammonia and the nitric acid taken from
the air. On burning the plant these
burn away, leaving from l to 10 pounds
average 3 pounds, perhaps) of lash,
which represents the mineral matter
that the plant has taken from the soil. 1t
appears, therefore, that about 81 pounds
of every 100 pounds Of dry vegetable
matter are made from water and the
plant foods found in the air.
Natural agencies maintain an abun-
dant supply of the plant-food Of the air.
Water vapor comes from the evapora-
ton of water from the SurfaceOf the ocean
and other bodies of water, large quanti-
ties are also evapOrated from the bare
surface of the soil, and still larger quan-
titles from the leaves of growing plants
This evaporation goes on constantly, and
when the quantity Of vapOr becomes
large, duu CuC COHOIGIOuS dI0 proper,
clouds are formed and the water falls
back to the earth in the form of rain.
Carbonic acid gas is produced by the
burning of wood, coal, and other veget-
able matter; also by the natural decay
(Which is in fact slow burning) of veg
etable and animal matters of all sorts.
Animals also throw it off in large guam
titles in breathing; the food of animals
consisting Of vegetable and animal mat
ters is burned within the body and this
gas produced and eXhaled in the breath.
Ammonia comes chiefly from the de-
Cay and decomposition of animal matter,
the excrements and refuse prod ucts
thrown off by animals yield it as they
decay. Plants also in decaying yield
small quantities Of ammonia from the
"albuminoids" which they contain.
Nitric acid is formed in the atmosphere
in minute quantities, by lightning flashes,
and also by certain other agencies. 1t
results from the combination of the
oxygen and the nitrogen of the air with
water-From Bulletin Georgia Expert
ment Station.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-11-29
Vol. Xxx, No. 4S. whole No. 7SO.
For THE FLORIDA AGRICULTL RIsT.
They Have Come to Pass.

They have Come TO EaSS.
In the long ago | sometimes wrote of
things l observed-of the things did
of the struggles | had to make both
ends meet | sometimes talked of the
potatoes | grew, the hay | raised, the
COWS l milked and the vegetables that
grew in Mrs. Walderman's kitchen
garden from frosty November till long
past the burning dog days of August.
Now | didn't write these letters be-
cause liked to see myself write for [
am not a letteraoy 'cuss' like William
Dean Howels, Robert Louis Stevenson or
our own beloved "Tom Sawyer" No.,
sir, | arm hard working farmer but |
candidly say that writing these letters
was about the hardest work | ever did.
Some fellow away off somewhere in
the Lake Region" wherever that is),
one of those fellows with literary turn
of mind who has sharp pen and is right
sharp himself, said | wrote to induce
others to come to Florida and buy my
land--I believe he called me an immi-
grafton liar, but am not certain. AT
any rate he broke my heart, and | forth
with broke my pen.
Now the truth is | wrote those letters
hoping to help some poor ignorant yank
who had come south to make living,
and who knew no more about Florida
farming than razor back knows about
President Cleaveland' silver policy or
the Hawaiian muddle. | wanted to
help them little even if they did give
me game foot at Murfreesborough. l
said among other things "keep cow by
all means, it will pay you we'll" Some
old moss back iconOclast yelled-"Don t
do it, keep tin cow, it is cheaper and
betterr'
This was discouraging, but | think |
persuaded some people to keep COWS and
milk them, and if the aforesaid pes
semister icOnoclast would offer to swap
factory full of tin COWS for one of the
little half-breed Jerseys with which this
section abounds my revenge would be
complete.
At one time I urged every new conner
who had little spare land to plant po-
tatoes, and casually referred to very
fine crop 1 had grown the preceding
year. I made mistake in this refer
ence. The calamity cranks came down
on me like brick chimney, they vowed
was falslfying for the purpose of selling
land-that they had tried potatoes and
could not raise one-half the crop claim
ed and those they raised were very small
and few in hill. | suppose so; some
people can't raise anything but doubt
as to their sanity and common sense
However, l had my revenge: The fol-
lowing fall sold forty acres of land to a
yank from "Yank State" who followed
my advice, planted big crop of yams
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1893-11-29
DeLand, Fla, Wednesday, November 20 1893

oxygen is somewhat heavier than nitro
gen, little more than One-fifth Of the
weight of the air is oxygen. In a still
atmosphere the air resting upon an acre
of land extending upward fifty feet will
weigh, approximately, $50, 900 pounds or
seventy-five TONS In the open air, on an
ordinary clear day, this much air, thus
covering an acre to height of fifty feet,
will contain about 1,500pounds Of water
vapor and ninety pounds of carbonic acid
gas. The quantities Of ammonia and
nitric acid are GO small that probably the
entire mass of air covering 300 acres of
land to a height Of fifty feet would con-
tain not more than one pound of the two
together. The quantity Of water-Vapor
is, Of course, greater on wet than on dry
days. AS the rain water washes carbonic
acid gas, ammonia and nitric acid out of
the air the quantities of these substances
vary considerably with the weather and
seasons Winds and other movements
of the atmosphere also cause the air in
any given locality to change constantly.
Plants grow mainly in the air, and
from it they take the greater part Of
their food.
Except at special times Gas in the ger
minatiOn of seed), and then to very
limited extent, the plant makes very lit
tie, if any, use of the oxygen of the air
Speaking generally, it may be said that
it makes no use of the nitrogen Of the air.
The water-vapor of the air is probably
made very little use of by the plant for
food. Its presence in the air is of great
value to plants, however, as it permits
the direct heat rays from the sun to pass
through it, but does not pass the heat ra
dated back from the earth, and the soil
is thus kept warm.
The plant foods in the air are, therefore,
carbonic acid gas, ammonia and nitric
acid.
Plants take carbonic acid gas from the
air through their leaves, and out Of it,
together with the water obtained from
the soil, they make their vegetable fibre
and such substances as starch, sugar,
gum and similar bodies found in the sap,
the seed. the tubers and other parts of
the plant. They also take in ammonia
and perhaps nitric acid through their
leaves, and out of these, together with
water and carbonic acid gas, they make
certain compounds Called generally ''al-
buminoids)" which are found in small
quantities in all plants quite large in the
seed), and which are absolutely essential
to the life and growth of the plant.
A large part of the weight of all grow
ing plants Frequently as much as 80 to
80 per cent? is water, which is mainly
drawn up from the soil through the roots.
If this water be driven off by thorough
drying, 100 pounds of the dry plant will
be found 70 contain from 80 to so pounds
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
Death Among The Dancers.

BUnA PESTu, February l5.-A car
nival dance was given on Monday in
the Ducstche Pcreg, at II O'Clock.
When about one hundread persons were
dancing In Il hall OH the first floor child
playing in the cellar dropped lighted
taper through the bung hole Of a cask of
tcrdOlcum. The cask cXplocd, killed the
child, tore up the floor Of the dance hall
and scattered burning petroleum among
the dancers. A dozen persons, enveloped
in the flames, rau Tor the windows and
doors, spreading fire and panic among
the rest OF the company. Half the people
in the hall were al the enc from which
there was no exit, and as the floor on
the side near the windows had been
torn up by the explosion they were
obliged to run the whole length OF the
blazing room to escape. Ten person fell
through to the cellar and were burned
to death. Seven more, whose clothes
had caught fire, died shortly after reach
ing the opcu air, Three were trampled
INTO uncOnsciOusness in tho panic and
were burned as they lay on the floor.
Five men and seven women, whose
clothes were half burned from their backs
prc in Il critical condition. Many others
have slight fractures or burns. But
thirty or forty pc"sons escaped without
N iurr
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23

AUGUSTA, Ga, Feb. II. Mr.. w.
III. Hazel Of Coleman, 5. g., was In
Augusta yesterday and sought out
Chronicle reporter to deny the story that
has been sent out from Colu nbia Of the
starving into il Nni.v Of the Rev. A.
Mes. Attaway - Batter, S. &.
Mr.. Hazel is II I member OF Mr..
Attaway's cOngr>.ati III but OF church
in the adjoining circuit. His residence
is three miles from the sccno Of the story
OF starvation aud insanity. That Mr..
Attaway and his wife arc insane Is fac /
he says, hut thai they were starved into
that awful condition he denies.
Mr.. Ua2cl reported tha3 the minister's
yard was full Of poultry, he had oats
and corn in his barn aud his moathouse
was we'll supplied. There were also n
fine COW and calf that Mr. Hazel valued
at : ~.
Mrs. Attaway was the first to lose
her reason, Which is attributed to reli9i-
GUS cnthusiasnN, and realization OF the
awful condition Of his wife drove the
husband to insanity. The parsonage is
a vC:y neat house and well furnished at
the eNpCuce of the congregation.
The people OF Butler and vicinity teel
that All injustice had been done them in
the circulation of the story. They say
they think too much of any man, be he
minister OF tramp, to allow him to
starvc in their midst, AID declare the
whole affair to be Il slaudcr upon them.
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
Murd cred by SegrOeH,

ASIlvILLE, February IT, News has
been received here o the killing OF
Thomas Johnston and his wife at Paint
Creek in Madison County. Some time
since Mrs johnson had been sent to jail
for the nOnpaymCnt OF costs in suit.
She and her husband were present at q
housc-raisng in the Laurel settlement
OF Madison County. Alexander Crafty,
4 negro, who knew Of the circumstances
OF Mrs Johnston's detention in jail,
went up to Johnston and tWltted him
about his wiic's imprisonment, and was
soundly beaten for his pains. Crafty
became very indignant and abusive and
wanted Johnston arrested, and on Fri
day organized posse to go after him.
When the posse approached Johns toms
house they were discovered and warned
not to approach. AS they gave the
warning the posse fired, and Johnston
and his wife tell dead across threshold Of
their dwelling. The posse Immediately
fed and up TO this time have not been
arrcs tee. News and Courier.
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
a TerrIble Avalanche,

DENVER, Col, Feb. 10.--All the rail-
roads are badly blocked by snow and
trains are seriously delayed. At Ouray,
Col, an unusually heavy snow storm
has prevailed for two days, blockading
the Silverton Railroad and cutting off
with the towns of Red
Mountain and lrOnton, besides block
ing many OF the trails to the mines.
Snow slides are numerous and fatal to
life and much damage has been done.
Last night word was received Of ter
riblo avalanche that occurred between
Ouray and Porter. Four men were In
stantly killed and 1t will probably be
months before their bodies can be re-
covered. They were teamsters and
were in charge Of four teams, all Of
which were buried and destroyed. The
names of the killed are; John Swan
Martin White, Hank Mretcalf and one
unknown
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23

occurrences that happens OIL this cir
cult every year; and | dare say that ev-
cry preacher who has supplied this cir.
cult since its formation will bear me
out that the charity manifested by the
members of this circuit Is not excelled
in any circuit in our State or the world.
| live right between the churches Of
GaZzaway and bethlehem, two of the
churches composing in part this circuit
and | know the members of these two
churches would not allow any one to
suffer for the common necessaries Of
life, let alone their beloved pastor and
his family, and | believe the other
churches composing the circuit are on
dowed with like noble impulses. The
writer of said letter also does injustice
to our who'll people. For it is charac-
teristic Of the people of Edgefield
county to Cvtenl its hospitality to all
who come within her borders, and
therefore there j no necessity for any
one to suifer if they will only let their
wants be known; and the people will
respond TO said wants as soon as they
are convinced that the object Is worthy
of their support. We recognize the
fact that money matters have been
tight with us asst has been throughout
The Southern States, but we do feel
nat the people of Edgeiield county
are able and willing to relieve any case
Of dire need within her borders.
"Fiat justitia, ruat cTlum"
W. j. ALLEN
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
Too Poor to LIye.

FOKr WAYNE, Ind, Feb. l5,-Ear-
ly this morning two hunters stopped
for shelter at the farm house of John
Ocsterman, near Maplesde, fifteen miles
east of this place. They kno ked at
the door, and, receiving no response,
forced their way in. On the bed Lay the
bodies of Oesterman and his wife, who
had evidently committed suicide by
taking arsenic. A half-used package
OF the poison lay on the table. Oster-
man, who lived on a rented farm was
very poor, and the suicide was evident
ly due to poverty and d spondcucy.
The bodies were still Warm when dis
covered by the hunters.
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
Coming OF Cholera,

BERLIN, Feb. n.-Dr. Kemster,
the special health officer of the United
States, has just arrived in Berlin, after
a tour ofinspection OF Hamburg, Bremen
Cassie and Nietleden. He told news.
paper representative today that he was
convinced that the present year would
Witness a fierce outburst Of cholers. all
over the continent, and that instead of
beng sporadic, as In 1892, the plague
would sweep the whole of Europe.
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
The D8ciHiOn.

CHARLESTON. s. c., Feb. 1G.-The
United States Court has decided the
railroad tax cases against the State.
The United States Marshal has been
ordered to place the property in the
possession of the receivers, and the
county sheriffs have been lined $500
each for contempt, and Will be impris-
onc1 until the fine is paid. Judge Golf
read the opinion and decree at noon,
which were cOncurred in by Judge ST.
mOnton. The opin on is a very volum-
inous document, and goes into the case
mlnuLelY.
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
Explosion.

PIrTSDuRG, PA, February ia
terrific explosion occurred at NC Aboe's
Powder Mills, about twelve mI.es from
this city, on the Allegheny Vail ey
Hallway, this afternoon by which Albert
Nc Abee was instantly killed and Will
lam Scarborough 80 badly injured tat
nc died while being taken to the hob
pital, McAbee was blown sixty feet.
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23

rso % masop that the tax collec.
o"ssy "rly parties to this
/ oa O. should have ordered
As asst ssed. at the time
: Dy law, and then directed
,ers to institute proceedings
3of competent jurisdiction for
d relief. But the receivers
/ to decide what was the
aount of their taxes instead
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23

Riser Of Newbeiry.
Anderson was absent
!e critical illness Of his
ty officials were renre.
|ney General Townsend,
mes, q f Lancaster and
Charleston. TX.
SENll7h IN, Thomas u.
doliat l$Seph w. Barn.
lnd,la.,nEilroads.
scn" 'n 10y reading the
Scompany upon
illustrator &rder was issued
elk oNhc latsad. lie then
Arow It lis f,h) show losses
,g 81 bwcd By at Aiken on
Ahc " Judge Cothra /
y petition
Goldon the strcctset'lng
$4,000 worth Of my nad
$500. Judgment f0i'uht or
red UP and rccorde., %;
the mortgagcl ana
amend
unity will hol6
to vote a SUI mac
:. 2ustrial and B,I IAN
e higher cd hat his
3 burg is hI on .r.
to secure 7 lateral
lsill of this pit also
small table that 1r con-
N while he was Gocsolute
IL 1t is a small, PIE, but
Used by the Gov& it they
STownviilc cor.
pSupcr.
I, one os tho beafoilna aroma
died Mt his VISIONS
Sunday mr Eall-
lie had beeg $ $ loss
Sar n9 welland con-
dge oftrafliG toa large
from Joseph III. Green,
mist at Columbia, was
We his estimates of the
property seized, which
900, while the amount
lte Is between $1,000
bnes then read the re-
bunty officers to Judge
Ter, which was a general
npt, and claiming iat
A;ers of South Carolina
laws authorized by
Mhts of the State.
lnidavits from Hons.
l.. McLaurin and w.
and formerly mem
Board of EQualiza.
bat assessments had
aegally made. Other
al from a las, Z Inum-
f county boar = con.
he allegations hthe
Anced by taking the
rty in the hands of
xempt from taxa.
may be collected
Yth court. lie cited
Justice BlatclIfOrd's
Ie Of Stevens and
New York and Os.
mpany (I3 l]latch
LORD asserted that
pgative higher than
ion of taxes, and
taxes must be paid
taxpayer considers
Illegally taxed he
through a suit for
xcess. Adequate
sed, existed for al
Su ',,o, masop that the tax collec.
'"ss' @rly parties to this
90 O. should have ordered
so As asst ssed. at the time
~ law, and then directed
3 to institute proceedings
cOmDeteDt iuriSdictiOn for
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23

BAfTlST BROTHER TO THE RESCUE.
FRUIT HILL, $. c., Feb. ll.--In your
paper of the 10th INST, appears an ar
ticle headed, "Driven Insane by Power
ty,' referring to the Rev. and Mrs. At
taWay, recently committed to the asy-
lum, who has the greatest sympathy of
our entire people in their sad aniction.
The writer says, "that Mr.. Attaway
was assigned to this field Of labor and
other like fields" lntimating that this
Is a very poor circuit, and that the peo-
pie were knowing to the extreme poy-
erty to which Mr.. A. and family were
reduced. Therefore | write this de-
fense In behalf of noble people, I'M
solicited by a single member of the cir
cult. | will say in the beginning that
L am l5apts t, and therefore cannot be
accused of anything save only that JUS
tlce may be done. This circuit is com
posed OF Well-tO.dO people, such as are
able to take care of themselves In ev-
cry particular, ana ! would suppose
would compare faVOrably in a financial
po. 1T OF view with any circuit living
wholly In or being composed entirely
of country churches. Therefore we
pass that point by. Now, as to that
noble band Of MethOdiSts Of which this
circuit Is composed, ! can speak from
my own knowledge, for have known
them from my earliest infancy, and |
can truthfully say that If Ihere is peo.
pie In which the milk of human kind
ness oVerllOWs 1t is this band of Chris
tan men and women who compose
lis circuit. And | know that thew
have ever manifested the greatest care
for the welfare Of their pastors and
their families. And ! know further,
since the new year set in | have seen
quite number, on certain day, of the
brethren and sisters of Old Bethlehem
pass my house in their wagons, bug
gles and carriages loaded with supplies
and delicacies for Mr.. Attaway and his
FAMILY. And this Is only one OF like
The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, 1893-02-23
|AILROAD CASES
i'm THE UNITED STATES
TT IN CHARLESTON

II 'N CSlNHlES loN
7ro,her T.
newell, of And. Lord Judge
last week ensltt "f,ho state
":!;axYt-rhe p.c,r,on o,
BN, 5. c., Feb. 15.-Thc
Se celebrated railrGSWtax
the United Stat, No!;ir-
Monday morning bW Wore
Simonton and Nathan
urt room was filed with
N, among whom was Re
:, Foster Of the Richmond
Company, SuperiItend
lcl}ee OF the same road,
nberlain Of the South
Jay, Mr.. II. a. Williams,
8 at Columbia, and Mr..
Jr. The public are
9e history of til, Sc i'm
ot the steps leading to
.Itaken within the last
9Th Carolina hallway
Se Richmond ana Dan
9mpany last paid their
S:d to pay the amounts
Board of Equalization,
}lch amounts as they
legally due. All other
iecting The taxes, as rs
peen exhausted IN vain,
erS and SherilTs were
upon and seize proper
leS in question to sat-
balance of taxes as
'aies Tor delinquency
&levy AMI selzure.
drers and she, fls pro.
nd property of the South
bad Company was seized
cures of Richmond and
erty were alsO made in
y, as well as in Able
and Newberry Coun-
licatl0n of the railroads
bn last week issued an
Ag the treasurers and
l. counties to appear be-
SHOW cause why they
Punishod for contempt
Ge of their interierepce
|nSe l.. l. - - Il
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-05-26

climbed aboard the Maggie and were towed to
the wharf.
Train No 81 on the Pensacola and Atlantic
road which left Pensacola at 10 Is O'Clock a.
IN. Tuesday. was wrecked a sh Ort distance
west OF Mihigan. q 81 alton forty seven miles
east OF Pensacola. No. p is a mixed train.
1'ae accident was caused by the breaking OF
truck under one OF the cars. The whole train
was thrown of the track. The box car was
ba dly smashed and the other cars more or
less injured The passengers were badly
shaken up, and DIR. A j. Pollock of Pensa-
cola. deputy internal revenRHe collector,
ceived severe injury on one knee. a lady
pas senger was slightly bruis ed and one of her
ankles sprained. The news Butche. on tho
train was also hurt in the back but the injury
is not serious.
the recent bank muddle rs Kissimmee is
about cleared up A special committee ap-
pointed last week by the depOSi tors has
finishei its examination OF the AFFAIRS Of the
bank ard lind that the total assets are Sll9,-
g16 % " it'll liabilities of s72,5gs 81 a careful
estimate OF the validity of tie assets
shows a. clear surplus of good securities
of about $4,000 The depositors
have named Messtrs. Rose. Carson,
Fell. WEson and Hughey 5 a committee to
arrange for opening the bank AT the earliest
practical cate, by empowering tn EN- to secure
some banker 10 assume the liabilities of the
bank and continue the institution on a new
basis and IL is thought that the bank will be
much more patronized than before. The de-
pOsitOrs are perfectly satisfied with the con-
dition of the bank s affairs.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-05-26
EAST BOUND

Passengers holding tickets or mileage hooks
are allowed to ride on all freight trains of this
company.
Tickets sold at Central Railroad Ticket
OflceS Savannah, and Union Ticket Oflces
Albany and Montgomery.
For further information apply to the under
signed. C. b. 'WILBURN
Gen. Pass. Agent Americus Ga
CECIL GABBETT, General Manager
Americus Ga.
J. NJ. CAROLAN Coml Ag't savannah. Ga
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-05-26

Close connection made by trains 81 and 80
with Richmond and Danville vestibuie trains
through coach both ways between Savannah
and Augusta.
Trains arrive and depart from Central rail
road passenger station.
e. FORD, Superintendent.
]. NJ. FLEMING, JF GRAY
Gen. Pass. Agent Trav pass Art
City Ticket Office. No. Bull street.