The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1893-02-16
G. c. COLUMBIAN CIRCLE.
Prize Papers and Prize Offers of Great
EnOch.

t.,
To-day is the seventh paper in the series. Tho
topics for coming week are as follows:
EIGHTH PAPER, FEB. %
l. When and where the first fairs held?
When and where the first Worlds Fair and how
many have there been In all? Tell something
| about them.
NINTH PAPER, MARCH g.
/ l. What does the Worlds Fair mt Chicago cee-
brate?
q In what great lines of progress does the United
States lead?
3. What American inventions to be found there
| that have benefited the whole world?
TENTH PAPER, MARCH 8.
L. What countries have promised to send exhibits
| to the Worlds Fair?
2 Tell something of the exhibits by countries,
and what they will probably be?
| ELEVENTH PAPER, MARCH 16.
! !. In what particular will the coming Worlds
Fair differ from any other held? This refers to
the woman's exhibit.
| TWELFTH PAPER, MARCH 90
l. Tell of coao its history and products!
| SIXTH COLUMBIAN PRIZE PAPER.
The prize for the sixth Columbian paper, "Story
| Of Cannoneer," is hereby awarded to Robert M.
Smith. Carmi, ILL., This paper is we'll composed.
| well written, and neatly expressed throughout.
| word about the introduction of
It ia quite true that Dutch trading ship brought
the first slaves, 20 in ALL into what is now the ter
| rtory of the United States in 1920 but England
had been save-trader for nearly 100 years. Slave
labor in demand for the cultivation of Tobacco,
and later for cotton the cultivation of which began
| In 1921
| The slave traffic in America was however,
| outgrowth of Columbus's discovery of the West
Indies. Slavery had existed in some form among all
| h,t, oio ;,, fnr
was a consequence of the maritime discovery and
| conquest OF the 18th century. Portugal took the
lead Ia the slave trade. and later Spain. But En-
| rope presented no field for negro slave labor and
! the trade had about fallen off " hen Columbus made
his first voyage 'sasa
| Soon after the discovery OF America the Span
| iards began to enslave the natives, and Columbus,
| who had been engaged in the Portuguese slave
| trade, had sent large numbers of slaves to Spain
| prior to 1905 He strongly recommended slave
trade in the cannbal Indians. and the Spanish Gov
eminent favored his proposition. Through Spanish
persecution the Indians persisted in numbers,
| until they had become extinct the Caribbean
| Islands. tfF
| Not only on the islands but In Mexico, and wher-
| ever Spanish colonies were planted slavery be-
| came firmly grounded. and when it WAS proven
that the Indians did not Nuke good slaves negroes
| were imported. under charter given the slave
| v.
| was counted as worth four Indians the planta.
lions. In 1862 England took hand with Spain in
| supplying the African slave market. As early AS
| 1888 negroes had been sold In England and Queen
Elizabeth charged with sharing the profits of
John Hawkins the first English slave-trader. The
| English cruel traders than the Portu-
| guese, and Charles III. and James H. were both
members Of n siavetrading company. Several
times the slave companies received direct aid from
Parliament.
| In 1918 an English company secured the absolute
right, for 30 years of supplying the Spanish colo
| MES in America with slaves in which time they
landed 10 less than IA 600 negroes. Some Of these
days you will hear the old English taunt of African
| slavery IN America, but remember that for more
| than two centuries and half England had been in
the degrading slave-trade business. before the first
| Continental Congress, In l776. resolved that no
| more slaves should be imported.
Aud do not forget that England fostered the
slave trade between Africa and North America long
after some of the Colonies had issued repeated and
earnest protests against it. 1t WAS not until 1888
| that Parliamentary movement in England was
made against the slave trade, 80 years after the
| United States had stopped importation across her
| borders.
SEVENTH COLUMBIAN PAPER.
!. Which American Colony contributed most to
| the growth and development of this country. g.
| Which led in literature and general progress?
| 3. Who introduced slavery into America, and
| when?
! l. The oldest two colonies Virginia and Massa-
chusetts were each very prominent In the develop
ment of the material resources of the future great
| Republic Of which they were to become q part.
But OF these two, in the matter OF territorial Hd
vancement and physical development the odd
Dominion" led her stern sister of the North.
The Colony Of Virginia was founded in 1907, under
| the auspices Of the London Company" IL com.
| pany formed by gentlemen OF London, whose ulti-
mate object was the discovery and mining of gold
| or other precious metals, which they expected to
| find In Virginia. Numbers of immigrants of gentle
| blood, and even parican stock came over to this
" FL Dorado"
These became the ancestors of the historically
| famous r. II. VS. First Families of Virginia.
After they became convinced that Virginia con-
| tanned no gold and settled down to tillng the
fertile soil. the Colony began to prosper. Capt.
John Smith, in 1908 explored and made chart OF
the coasts OF Chesapeake Bay and in l64 those of
New England.
An extensive commerce was soon established
with the mother country" and her pioneers
pushed westward over the mountains into the
fertile lands OF the great Mississippi Valley, and
southwark into the country which is now North
Carolina.
9 In literature and science, education and human |
progress, Massachusetts was the gilded wheel of
which Boston was the hub; aud her repute rs
regards educational advancement has become Ma |
tionaI Harvard College, the cambridge" OF
America her offspring and her pride, was founded
in 1896 10 years after the landing OF the Pilgrims
To Massachusetts must be accredited the honor |
OF first insiitutng that system of public schools
which has now made such giant progress through |
out the Union mt large.
A printing press was introduced in 1885, and an |
almanac was published in 1889. The first news
in i764 ~
Thus the great invention Of the 18th century was
being borne westward to ward the setting sun bear
ing rich fruits in the wilds of Columbia. Boston
has become the Athens OF America.
3. Negro slavery was Introduced In Virginia in |
1920 by Dutch traderi-Bobert NJ. Smith, Box 253 |
Carmi, ILL., F .
COLUMBIAN NOTES
b. e. Baker, Roulette, Pa; George o. Smith,
Wheeling w. Va; Anna M. Kocher. New Haven.
Pa, and VIM. G. Adams, Cehtreton. N. j., are ac-
corded honorable mention for meriorious contr-
buttons to the sixth ColHm ban SERIES received too
late for mention at the proper time.
Meritorious papers on the present number are
contributed by Lizzie N. Galpin San Antonio
Tex. and Laura M. FRENCH Madison, Kan.
Ia the 18th century two Englishmen, Jobson and |
Thomson. In their journey TO Tmbuctoo, got some
native Africans and sent them to America as
saves.-Ore X. Fogg, New Gloucester, Me-
PURITAN AND PENNAMIrE.
reproduction of the celebrated painting 90 |
lumbus Before Ferdinand and Isabella, Is awarded
Laura French for the following paper
Massach usetls established the first printing press
in America at Cambridge in 1889; the first perma-
and by fostering in every way the numerous |
her boundaries. aud by giving to the world men |
with such inteilects John Adams, James Otis,
Gen. Warren, and others.
In science we turn to Pennsylvania, tile home OF /
Benjamin Franklin, who, though bora In Boston,
began life mt II years Of age in Philadelphia, where
he obtained employment printer. His differ
ent publications. afterward made him famous, but