The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-02-26

iN'un'cib ""io SupicC'N " NI'ht il'hl WV
donisd their right to mako treaties. 10
which Capt. Jones replied that Charl-
toms own commission as Consul recog
niged the Independence Of tho isla nds.
The council then proceeded to business. and
soon agreed to the terms NJ n commercial
treaty with tho United Statcs. the first over
concluded between the Hawaiian Government
ind u foreign power A year later the first
! written laws were published against murder.
theft. fornication, rum sclliac. and gambling.
similar laws were retnacted in September.
| 1922 hut they wore violent y opposed hv many
| of the foreign residents. who denied that they
were amennhlo to tho avs or courts of tho
kingdom. In reply to n protest made Ivy
Charlton and others. a proclamation was Ia.
! sued ny which foreign residents were notified
| that these laws would be enforced on natives
and foreigners allie.
The first Catholic Missionaries reached Homo
| lulu In 1927. They were favored by the Brit
ish Consul and certain disanccted chiefs. who
hoped to enlist them In their political party.
In 1920. however. the Queen Regent, kanhu-
manu-. who was IL Protestant convert. published
m order forbiddinR the natives to attend
Catholic worship. In the following year. when
her attention was called to the progress OF the
Catholic rnith. she again ordered the priests to
~ III pippuSu'lls u NV thV
natives with punishment II they continued to
use crucinxes In their devotion. Finally. ut u
council Of tho high chiefs. held on April =. 1881.
n formal decree was made commanding the
priests to derart within three months.
This decree was twice repeated. but
tho priests. nevertheless. continued thor
labor. chiefly among the adherents OF
Liliha. who had been ut one time Governcsso OF
Oahu. With tho lapse oftw generations tho
httt So -. - IA a t.-
nearly died out. and nl parties now regret
that my religious persecution should ever
have taken place in the hawaiian kingdom.
1t should. however. be pointed out in Justice
to the native Government that the chiefs OF
that generation. brought IN under the old
regime. were naturally unable to understand
the principle of r~eligious liberation. In AN
cient times each reigning family had its own
tntelar deities. and the worship OF those OF u
rival chief by a subject would have been con-
sidercd an act Of sedltion. 1t should also
be emembereI that to minds only lust
liberated from idClatry any act that suC-
Cested image worship bore the inspect of n
grave political offence. Tho persecution. such
MS it was. being confined to Honolulu. few OF
the American missionaries knew OF 1t Mt the
time. but there is abundant evidence that sew
eral OF them demonstrated with the chiefs
against the attempt to suppress religious
opinions. Before the death OF tho Queen
Regent. kaahuTnnu. which occurred in June,
1892. n fourth reinforcement OF American
missionaries arrived. and the LahainaIupa
Seminary was founded and put under the
charge Of the Rev. L.orrin Andrews. To this
school were afterward attached IL printing
press and bookbindery. from which many
text books were issued.
VII.
With TIM ononccion "a = T.
July. 1882. n short period Of reaction against
civilized restraints sct in. Having fallen I'M
der tho influence OF Charlton. the British Con-
sui. and a band OF dissolute youn. men, the
King announced that all laws were abrogated
except those against murder. theft, and riot
ing. Distilleries were set up in many pInces,
| Rrog shops were multiplied. AMI heather
dances and drunken revels were encouraged.
Tho yrar S33 Is known in Hawaiian annals
as the year OF disorder" Most OF the high
chiefs. however. including the Governors OF
nll tho islands except Oahu. stood firm. and
order. After the shock Of 1888 was over. a
change for the better took place. In March.
Oahu and DESTROYED every distillery: About
the same time a chapel was erected In tho
s sS"r' ~n "r HI It %as. BY N the tn" way very IN R b that at
schools Logan TO b. opened for nativ. chill
previously confined to adults. The number Of
TeairgS tnat ye"T amounted to 2a.l2z The
Wsilu Fla' IN G9 Sa7. nni s " %onu wn1 iu Horr seao IN
for boys was established in the same yearin
Ili' Fl s Whirf n st tn f Td 8, The first newspapers
1881; and no ha"H HaGai. Irinted At Homo:
English newsnaIe or IN Honolulu was rubIishei
during the year beginning July 39. 1885,. under
is evident that during tho reign Of Ka..
'"el nIaac IN, tSSa n alsrmine dscrrase
gave 1!o3la as tho nnmter, Of the inhabi;
ta1t;: Another r Sen made in 1870. showed
population "f, the. island steadily decreased
until 1872. when it amounted to only 5j.HS7.
Chinese. and Jananese llborers. there has
been u marked tendency to EXPANSION. the
81 'hsse. Of he '% . anIs 7! q. ia% w Ss1Se n sti1es:
and GIG, hall %cnstes. There were. on the
other hand; at the ltst;namrd date. 7.io5 per
the most part natives OF the United states. TO
1@S hi4Snefl"a''i2 .s2 e. t lS"se ISllti. ,hF' i's4 Am sns sP:
Germans 1.O34. There we're $500 %PortuCues.
1880 Japanese. and l1,3Ol Chinese.
wiz.
To return to tho development OF civilization
in Hawaii. We observe that in 1896 the King
and chiefs. hnvin. become aware that their
whole system Of government needed to be ro-
modelled. wrote to tho United States for a
legal adviser and instructor in the science OF
government. Failing to procure such a per-
son. they chose in 1883 Mr.. Richards to be
their adviser and Interpreter. IIr was accord
inGly released from his connection with the
American mission. and entered upon his
duties in 1892 by delivering lectures on the
science Of government. and assisted in draw
ing M the first Constitution and code OF laws.
The years lS;tS.;ia were memorable for II creut
Religious revival. when extended over all tho
Islands ana affected nearly ~ the people.
Protestant churches in 1879. and ten Thousand
III" next wear. With regard 10 a single mis-
si"nnry. III" Rev; Titus Conn. the astonishing
1887 ~ seven thousand three hundred and
-ighty-twn converts were admitted TO tia
church in Iliip under his charge.
No have referred to the first Hawaiian Con-
stitntion, framed. ,as we have said. with the
assistance Of an American missionary. The
irst draft Of this organic law was drawn upiin
the Hawaiian language ind promulgated in
1850. 4, revised, and. expanded Instrument
was nut forth in the following year. 1t perrr,-
uatel the Offices OF Prime Minister and OF tho
f9"r d GGys.'3 fE instituted by K.mehamoha J..
lished u Legislative body con si,iinC Of iftnnn