davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Johns herald., 1893-11-30
TWO HUMAN BUTTERFLIES.
Low-Necked Girl and Man in Yachting
 Suit Drift Into Theater.

Low-Necked Girl and Man in Yachting
 Suit Drift Into a Theater.
 The low-neclzed summer girl and the yachting man, two of the most pie turesque elements of our metro politan life, have made their appear ance, says the New York Herald They drifted into an uptown theater one night recently, late, of course, and the audience almost broke into applause
 She was pretty and slim, with the melody of babbling brooks in her eyes, and her throat was sun kissed to de- Ecious shade of brown. Her frock was white and her face was a whole sum- mer novel bound in ivory and gold. It brought up memories of hammocks and moonlight and the tum-tum of banjo sounding from the deck of yacht.
 He was of the broad-brimmed type He wore a yachting hat, aud above his he seemed to have perfect confidence.
 This is the kind of man who baffles explanation. He don't own yacht no, not even rowboat-nor does he know anyone who owns one; but from summers beginning to it's close he goes about clad in this hfe-on-the- ocean-wave fashion.
 Sometimes he carries a tennis racket, and he is then most beautiful He means well, though, and this is his ex- cuse for living. Sometimes he is not 8 half-bad fellow in spite of his clothes. Let him livel
The St. Johns herald., 1893-11-30
SIag ns a Fertilizer.

The slag ttat accumulates about iron furnaces and that heretofore has been a great nuisance, has been dis covered to contain valuable fertilizing qualities, and the German farmers are using it freely The discovery was made by Pittsburgh ironmaster. and shiploads have begun to be sent abroad from Pennsylvania It is converted into an odorless phosphate and is re- garded as particularly valuable be- cause it contains no weed seeds or dis ease-earryinC matter. It has been an cEGa2tire foe a~ainst the cutworm, and stous tle rlvares of the ground moles, as the sI-al particles of steel kill them in short order.
The St. Johns herald., 1893-11-30
1 Novel Swindle.

A novel kind of swindle was prac. ticed in a German town the other day. A man struggling along under a heavy burden suddenly stumbled and crashed through a plate glass store window. The proprietor of the store demanded payment. The porter said he had no money. Passers-by advised that he be searched. A thousand mark note was found on him, which, he said, belonged to his employer. The storel1eeper, how ever, deducted one hundred marks for the value of his window and handed nine hundred marks change to the porter, who went away swearing and protes ing. \ little later the store keeper discovered the thousand mark note was spurious.
The St. Johns herald., 1893-11-30
Chean Historic Homes.

Historic homes are cheap in London. The house of the banker and poet Samuel Rogers was lately withdrawn from an auction sale because of the smallness of the bids. This house, still in fashionable quarter, was in its prime the resort of Fox. Yelling ton, Byron, Moore, Sydney Smith, Wordsworth, Macauley and host of other great people. Rogers occupied it for nearly half a century.
The St. Johns herald., 1893-11-30
Measuring the Great Wall of China.

The great wall of China was meas ured in many places by Engineer Un- thank, the American who surveyed for the chief Mongolian railroad His measurements give it an average height of eighteen feet, and top width of fifteen feet. Every few hun dred feet the wall is widened and sur mounted by towers twenty-four feet square and from twenty to twenty-five feet high. The founda tion of the wall is of solid granite, and the brick, which constitute the main part of the structure, are still good, even though they are supposed to have been made two hundred years before Christ. In building this immense fence as Q bar rier to the regular incursions of the Tartars, the builders did not even at tempt to avoid mountains or chasms to save expense. For eighteen hundred miles the wall goes straight over noun tains and plains, hills and dales, ut terly regardless of natures greatest Instructions.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

time now, and they are likely to continue
so for many months The demand abroad
for American pork is not temporary
makeshift, but it will undoubtedly prove
n lasting beneficial source of profit TO our
hog raisers Those who own good porkers
cannot do better than fatten them for the
market. The swine will repay well any
outlay OF time or expense in trying to
make first-class pork out Of their car
casses.
There will undoubtedly be a tendency
to run to the other extreme, and by an
other year the hog product will be 50 large
that the market will become glutted.
Those who raise them for another sea-
sons market should remember that in
glut the finest hogs secure premiums,
while the poor and ordinary sell for ex-
tremely low prices. Only the best mar
ket hogs should be selected for this work,
and they should be fed so that nicely
striped lean and fat pork will be pro-
duced
Well-bred pigs should be selected,
breeds that make good pork and that have
always thriven well in that locality
where IL is intended TO raise them. The
farmer is really the best Judge of what
breed to select and what kind of hogs he
can best handle.
The matter Of feed must be studied,
and while economy is TO be practiced in
using up all the odds and ends on the
farm, it must not be carried to the ex-
IRENE which gives TO the swine only poor,
innutritious food. A large portion Of the
grain and coarse food given to hogs passes
into the stomach undigested, and it is all
so much waste then Nearly all hog food
should be ground, mashed, boiled or pre-
pared in some simple way so that the ami
mails can easily digest it. They will eat
less quantity and gain more flesh off OF
such prepared food. Poor food causes
disease and Door pork. Filth and unsani-
tary surroundings are also fruitful
sources of disease, and in our modern in
dustry of pork raising there is little room
for the pork producer in the close, dirty,
filthy pens where the hogs live on mire-
soaked food rather than on fresh, clean,
healthful rations
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
Our Question Box-Open to All.

A timid correspondent expresses his re
luctance in troubling" us with one or
two questions. Again the agricultural
editor would say that next to getting a
well rounded article on some subject re
lating to farming gardening and fruit
growing by some practical man or woman,
we like to get suggestive questions upon
those subjects propOunded by any one in
terested in their work To a Considera-
BILE extent, the question of one such per
son may be taken as an index OF what a
number of others in the same locality are
thinking about or feeling an interest in.
We are glad to have these questions and
we like to have the assistance Of our
readers in answering them. Several an
swers are always in order. 1t is often
times the case that the editor can not an
swer certain questions so well as some
reader can-if he only would. We will
never take it amiss to being helped in this
direction nor being corrected in any mis-
statement We acknowledge with pleas
ure the increased interest manifested in
the News Farmers Club. Would be glad
to enlarge our list of postal card CORES
pOudents in South Georgia and Florida.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
NITRATE OF SODA.
Prof. c. G. Freer Thonger.

Agriculture is subjected to so many ac-
cidents, and exposed to such numbers of
vicissitudes, that we can not too often i'm
press the fact that every opportunity of
improving the situation should be seized
upon. OF all the methods to employ,
the most efficacious is undoubtedly to in
crease the returns of the soil in the most
economical manner. The present is a
favorable time for doing this, owing to
the low price of one of the most efficient
materials for the production of grain and
straw, ViZ;--Nitrate of soda. Nitrate of
soda is, as it's name indicates, composed
of nitric acid, which is the most active
heterogeneous for food for plants, and of
soda This salt owes all its value to tn e
form in which ii offers nitrogen to plants,
the soda being of no nutritive value. In
state of purity, nitrate of soda contains
16.7 per cent. of nitrogen; in a CONNER
cial state (95 per cent purity guaranteed)
it only contains sos per cent The
worlds supplies are obtained entirely
from immense deposits on the west coast
of South America The first importa-
tiOns date from about 1927, but as the
value of the salt was at that time I'M
known to farmers, they were not very
profitable. However, from a total i'm
port into Europe of $50 tons in 1880, it
has risen to a quantity no less than S45,-
600 tons during 1891, of which the United
Kingdom took 12l 900 tons The price
per cwt. has been gradually falling for
some years; in 1882 the average price per
cwt. was 50 l6, while in 1892 the price
was 81 %. At this low price agriculture
will be much to blame, if she does not
avail herself of the opportunity, for in no
other fertilizer can nitrogen be bought so
cheaply. Cereals, potatoes, mangels,
turnips and swedes are the crops to
which nitrate of soda is best suited as a
source of assimilable nitrogen. We must
remember, however, that nitrate of soda
is a simple manure, that is to say, one
| furnishing the soil with but a single
nutritive element; and such beng this
| case, it only produces the whole of ita
useful effects when the soil to which it is
applied, contains in sufficient proportion
and in a properly assimilable condition,
| the other elements required by the plant.
This fact, which is well known to all
those versed in agricultural science, is
| too frequently lost sight of by farmers
Not infrequently there is an utter loss
by adding nitrate of soda to a soil poor
in phosphoric acid. Some figures gath.
cred from forty years experience by Sir
amsted, will clearly demonstrate the
| bOVe statement.
Here, as regards the action of nitrate OF
soda, employed alone or together with
| phOsphates, we have the average results
! of thirty-siX years of consecutive growth
of wheat sixteen years of barley, five OF
| oats and nine of potatoes. The increase
| of yield per acre, as compared with sim
! liar land mmanured, by the use of cwt
| of nitrate, with or without the addition
! of phosphate, is as follows
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
MarketinR the. Grapea.

The individual members Of the Florida
Grape Growers Union have demon
strated that grapes of the finest quality
and in good variety can be grown in our
state, says G.. H. Wright in the Farmer
and Fruit Grower. Fine, vigorous,
healthy vineyards, loaded with large,
beautiful lunches Of grapes at three years
of age as can be found in any state or ter
ritory in the union Cost Of raising vine
yards and producing the fruit as cheap as
in Western New York or Ohio, or in fact
any northern state.
We, as grape growers and shippers,
have also demonstrated the fact that to
place our fruit on the northern market in
June and July, with cur present facilities
for transportation is signal failure.
These two propositions may seem to clash
yet both are facts, Who is TO blame, If
anyone2 We, as grape growers, place
our fruit in baskets and crates as fine as
the best, healthy, sound fruit
They are placed in an express car to go
through from Orlando in forty-eight
hours, at a cost of $3.50 per 100 pounds.
They reach Philadelphia and New York
on time Reports come back to shippers,
grapes received in bad condition,
weather hot, fruit badly picked. Will
sell for but little over cost of transporta-
ton and commissions The labor of
years is lost. Our fond hopes for a fair
return for our labor dashed 10 the ground
in one moment.
The Florida Grape Growers Union and
Market Association was organized 50 that
we might work together and have more
influence with transportation companies,
yet we fail TO get our fruit into market
in good order. Who is 10 blame2 Our able
secretary was instructed to secure relrig-
orator service to the east coast cities. On
investigation we found that not "A refrig-
orator car could be secured for Philadel-
phia or New York on any terms; could
not be had The railroad companies OPP
Grating these lines did not own refriger-
ator cars, and the Cold Storage Company
cars had all been withdrawn from Flor
ida Mr. Myers, the able superintendent
of the Southern Express Company. could
not give us anything but common express
cars to ship our grapes. The temperature
in these cars about July / runs up 1902
and 1l5' during the day. Does any one
wonder our grapes reached their destina-
ton in bad Orderi
| ask again, who is TO blame2 Califor-
MIA fruit growers get refrigerator express
service of the best and reasonable rates,
their fruit reaching Chicago in perfect
order and condition, and on schedule
time, no delay. Why cannot the railroad
and express companies do the same by
the fruit growers in Florida} Our inter
ests are mutual. If the producers of
Florida fail the transportation companies
also fail If we succeed the transpOrta-
tion companies also succeed. We must
have refrigerator express service Of the
best and highest order. We do not com
plain at the cost but the service. / ask
the railroad companies and the Southern
and Adams Express Companies, can you
and will you give us better service ana
save our industry2
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
Nitrate of Soda.

In the past two months we have had at
least a dozen inquiries, the larger num-
nitrate of soda. In this issue we repub-
fish an article from the pen of Prof. G. G.
Freer Thonger, of Suffolk, England, who,
through his scientific qualifications, is
able to write instructively on this inter-
esting subject. Our intelligent readers
will not find his article too long. 1t APP
peared first in the Practical Farmer last
rnrnnl-
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

Those who live on a farm and expect
fruit each year, must expect to be disap-
pointed unless they plant trees. My plan
is to set out trees, especially peach trees,
n few every wear. then when IL is a fruit
year you will have some trees in bearing.
A good plan is 10 save seeds from good
peaches until spring, then soak them in
water few days and then crack them
and plant same depth as corn and cult
vate clean. They will grow four or five
feet high the first year.-Exchange.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
Athletes of the Present pav.

J.E. Sullivan, secretary of the ANA
teur Athletic Union, president of the
Pastime Athletic Club, and athletic ed
itor of the Sporting Times, writes:
For years i have been actively con-
nected with athletic sports. l always
found it to my advantage to use ALLoocK' s
Porous PLAsTERs while in training, as
they quickly remove all soreness and stiff
ness; and when attacked with any kind
of pains, the result Of slight colds, l al
ways used ALLCoCK's with beneficial re-
suits. ! have noticed that most athletes
of the present day use nothing else but
ALLcoCK's PEAsTERs. lad.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

These figures clearly show that in or
der to obtain the maximum return from
nitrate Of soda. it is necessary that the
soil to which it is applied should contain
q quantity of phOsphoric acid sufficient to
assure the complete development Of the
plant, which is to be stimulated by the
nitrate. Plants of whatever kind can
only live when they find in the soil indie
pendent of the food they gather through
their leaves from the air, sufficient guam
titles of certain mineral substances, of
which The two most important, and in
many soils the rarest are nitrogen and
phOsphoric acid. Lime, magnesia and
potash are much more abundant in most
soils than these two other substances,
Now. when these fertilizing principles are
abundant in the soil in a state which rem
ders them lit 10 nourish the plant, the
yield of the soil is raised as a consequence
in a considerable degree. Thus,
for example, ~ cwt. of nj
trate of soda, containing about ~
lbs. of nitrogen will give, if the 9th er
elements exist in the soil in the proper
proportions. about 3 cwt. of grain with
the corresponding amount of straw more
than the same soil would yield without
the nitrate. In a recent article, Spring
Crops and Their Manurial Requirements"
l gave the chemical composition Of our
chief cereal crops, and deduced there
from what might be considered good
average amount of artificial manure to
apply. In addition to the reservation re-
garding the adoption of the manuring
there recommended, would add the fol
lowing Average land of good quality and
well titled, furnishes 10 crops large part
of the food which is necessary to them /;
on the other hand, the whole Of the fer
tiliHng materials contained in the man
ures is far from being utilized by the
crop to which it is applied, even under
the most favorable conditions, i. G., when
the manures ape distributed as evenly as
possible through the soil
From this, il follows that on rich lands
the quantities Of nitrogen, phosphoric
acid and potash, which we see from the
composition of the crop are required, are,
in a great measure, furnished by the soil,
the manures merely com pleting the natu-
raj fertility of the soil, and only furnish
ing a reserve Of this or that nutritive
principle necessary to the final require
ments of the crops. In very poor lands,
on the contrary, the requirements Of the
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

1t is thought that rust is the result Of a
lack of potash in the soil; kainit supplies
potash, and we have no doubt if it were
applied freely it would correct the diff
ticulty, but whether YOU could afford to
apply quantity sufficient to accomplish
it is the question If the cotton rusts
very badly we doubt if only POO to 300
pounds of kainit would be sufficient to
correct at once the tendency to rust. To
determine the question it will be neces-
sary for you to make practical test even
if only on a small scale. We have no doubt
your soil needs vegetable matter, and we
think it would pay you to use this land
for a combination crop of rye and
clover, or oats and clover or oats
and COW peas for two or three years using
a fair application of mineral fertilizer to
each crop. After that you might try cot
ton one year, and if it did not
give satisfaction SOW it down to
grasses for pasture, of for hay, which
ever would be the most desirable. 1t is
not likely that the soil you describe will
pay you much for several years, when
planted in cotton and it would be much
better to change the crops.
If your compost is to consist only of acid
phosphate and cotton seed, why not
spread the seed in the furrow at once and
sprinkle the phosphate over it and
upon it Immediately afterwards. Have
the burrows laid off wide but shallow, ten
inches wide if possible and not over an
inch or two deep. We have found this
very economical plan in every way. You
can do this several months before plant
ing a crop, and there will be small loss
and in fact it will have a better effect
upon the crop.
Still if you prefer to mix the two before
applying, YOU can make under shelter, a
layer of seed two inches deep, mOisten
the same freely and sprinkle over with
the phosphate, alternating thus until you
exhaust the materials. You do not say
to what kind of soil YOU propose to apply
this mixture or for what kind of a crop!
Your cotton seed contains about 81 per
cent. of ammonia; your acid phosphate,
we presume, II or II per cent. An aver
age formula may be taken as follows, that
is for ordinary sandy soil. To make one
ton-Acid phosphate, 1900; cotton seed,
500. This mixture gives you fertilizer
that contains about IL per cent. of am
ROMA and about Z per cent. of phOsphOric
acid. 1t will cost you little less than
SIS per ton, l presume, valuing the seed
at IS cents per bushel and the acid phos-
phate at so cents per 100. Is this about
correct?
In making your compost, you might use
a couple of hundred pounds Of common
salt, and two or three hundred pounds of
dry leaf mold, sprinkling the two on the
wet cotton seed in building up the pile.
Cut clear through when hauling out, so as
to get the materials as well mixed as pos
sible. For number of years we have
practiced and advocated the plan of
making compost right in the shallow fur
rows. 1t is advantageous usually. The
prevalent idea as to loss of the valuable
elements is erroneous. Even on deep
sandy soil, the loss, if any, is practically
inappreciable.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

of ashes or other material supplying pot
ash.
You can get the plum from P j. Buck
man, Augusta, Ga, or Stark & Bro,
Louisiana, Mo, or j. T. LOvett, Little
Silver, n. j. 1t is a fine plum, and will
prove very profitable TO the successful
grower Mulch around your trees if the
land is thin and has a little CLAW in it.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

.. n. LEVY g. BROS,
15o CONGRESS STREET.

believe to the Kieffer for eating, and
nearly as prolific, but the time of ripen-
ing of the Kietfer win always make it a
desirable and profitable market variety
Six lying on our table, dropped to-day
from one tree, weigh the aggregate seven
pounds, and are average samples. ! re-
greet not planting ten acres when these
trees were put out | am So years old
but shall plant seeds from the best ones
to seed what will be the outcome, though
the result may be recorded by other
hands. l believe in dying with the har-
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

have five Kieffer pear trees in my
front yard from which I have sold SIS
worth Of pears, at 40 cents peck, and
given away to friends and relatives
enough at same price, to have received
more than half as much more, besides
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
IF you feel weak
and all worn out take
BROWN S IRON BITTERS
For over FIFTY Years.

Mrs. WINsLow's SOOTHING SYRUP has
been used for children teething. Itsoothes
the child, softens the gums, allays all pain,
cures wind collie, and is the best remedy for
diarrhBa. Twenty-Five cents BET
tle-Ad.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
Value of Hogs.

At present prices for hogs there is no
animal on the farm that can be raised
with more prospects of good profit, says
r, p Smith in the American Cultivator.
Hogs have been high priced for some
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
Land That Rusts Cotton-A Change of
Crops Necessary.

Agricultural editor of the Morning
News Will kainit prevent rust in cotton3
(My land is sandY;) if so, how much per
acre and how apply it, Give me a good
formula for composing cotton seed with
acid phosphate. j. l.. M
Hamlet Ga
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

There is no reason, whatever, for the
Abundance yellow Botan) plum should
not succeed in your locality. If you set
out well-rooted trees and give them
proper attention, setting them fourteen 10
Sixteen feet apart, and ferJilizing them
freely with ground bone, working. it in
well. and in addition good application
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

soil. The value of this farming is not as
generally appreciated as it should be.
S. A. G.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

Questions and communications relative
,o agricultural and horticultural subjects,
Ii addressed to Agri. Editor, Drawer n,
Ga, will receive immediate
attentiOn.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20
The Abundance Plum in Florida.

Agricultural Editor Morning News:
Do YOU think the Abundance plum will
bear well this far south, where we have
only an occasional light frostl Can you
give me the address of nurseryman from
whom I can get trees budded on to plum
stock? BY answering the above you will
greatly oblige
H. M HIGGINBoTHAM,
Punta Gorda Fla
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

We solicit articles for this department.
The name of the writer should accompany
beIetter or article, not necessarily for
but as an evidence of good
faith.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1893-11-20

Nitrate OF Differen e
Nitrate of soda and n favor of
soda only. phosphates. combined
man ure.