davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23
The Safety of Railway Platforms,

1t Is q well established rule Of law In this
State and throughout the country general
ly. that a railway company is obliged to
exercise the highest degree of care in trans
porting its passengers from place to place,
The utmost caution must be observed to
keep the roadbed. the cars, and engines,
and all the appliances used in the operation
Of the line. in such Il condition as TO prevent
accidents to the traveller. Tho conditions
Of railway travel are such that the least
negligence in respect to such matters is
likely to result In serious or fatal injury to
the passengers: and hence a very high
measure OF vigilance is demanded.
In the development OF the law on this
subject. an effort was made some years ago
to extend the doctrine OF which we have
spoken. and to make 1t apply not only to the
tracks and the trains running upon them,
but also to railway platforms and the ap-
proaches to these platforms: and at first
the courts were inclined to hold. and many
OF them did hold. that the same degree of
care was required by the lay in respect to
such structures as was prescribed in regard
to the roadbed and rolling stock. When
tho question reached the Court OF Appeals.
however. that tribunal declined to apply SO
severe Il measure OF liability to the railroad
companies. and declared that so far as ap-
proaches to the cars are concerned, SUCH as
platforms. s~tairways. and similar struc-
lures, a less degree OF care is required than
is demanded In reference to the appliances
actually used for the conveyance OF passen-
gers, the reason for the distinction being
that the consequences Of defects In IA station
or its approaches are usually much less
serious In their nature. In such cases,
the settled rule now appears to be that the
railroad company Is bound only to exercise
ordinary care In view Of the danger which
may reasonably be anticipated.
Most OF the suits which have given rise to
this distinction us to the degree of care re-
quired Of railroad corporations. have been
actions to recover damages for injuries
sustained by falling OF platforms or stair
ways upon which ice or snow had accu-
mulated. the claim Of the p~laintitY being
that the persons In charge OF the station
did not take proper care to render the en-
trance to or exit from the station safe for
passengers to walk upon. In one case OF
this sort the trial court told the Jury IL
they came to the conclusion that the steps
OF the station were slippery at the time the
plaintiff was hurt. and that means might
have been taken to prevent them from be-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23
Public Flowers.

Justice MCMAHON is intclliGently per-
forming his share OF the duty devolving on
all public officials concerned. to stop the
harm being done to the parks by flower
and shrub stealcrs.
Some serious notice must DO taken Of
these misdcneanors. either by detention Or
by fine. or our public greens. particularly
the Central Park. will DO swept clean Of
one of their greatest charms.
A tree or shrub which belongs to the peo-
pie should BIO as inviolatc as II piece of brio
a-brac in a private parlor. Activity on
tho part Of tho Park police and help
from the courts required to deal with Offend
ers OF this sort, are necessary for the pres
ervatlon OF the public's rights, and are cor
respondingly entitled to communication.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

A correspondent calls our attention to
the fact that the act of tho Legislature under
which the Miscellaneous Reporter was ap-
pointed is entitled AN act to provide for re-
porting the decisions of the inferior courts OF
record in the state of New York" This only
shows that the Legislature was as inaccurate
as the Reporter. The powers and jurisdiction
of the Superior Court and Court OF Common
Ileas OF this city. the Superior Court OF Buf-
falo. and the City Court OF brooklyn are de-
clared b. the Constitution itself-the same
fundamental law under which the Legislature
derives its powers: and neither the Legisln-
ture nor Mr.. F. b. D%ELEHANrY. tho Miscel-
laneous Reporter. can make these tribunals
inferior by persistently applying that adieo-
tivoto them. II Mr.. DEIEHASTY and his friends
adhere to their chosen epithet. his volumes
will inevitably become known as the Inferior
Law Reports,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

stanch is my steed and feet. indeed;
Well can lie caracolo.
His hoofs' sharp beat on the asphalt street
Was music once 10 my soul.
But ! Joy in 1t no more for the days OF my gladnes, are
done.
And my hear. is bruised and sore for the triumph OF
Livingston.
That silken name must toss in vain,
To deaf ears sounds that neigh;
For I've been turned down and done M brown
Ala and welaway!
Away with bride and bit. what delight hay. I nov
meath The sun,
Fte and out on the cause of IT, LsOnidAs Livingston
As me horse and | sped flying by,
What wonder seized on folk;
with hulging eyes and with bright surpris..
They gaard. they cried. ITS Hoks
And ! smiled ror pride Of fame. and I felt I WAS A No I.
But now people say hats the lame duck baKged bv
Len Livingston.
No more. no more at the White House door.
shall | feel me heart beat fast,
No more the boss. All. slump and loss.
II was too good TO last
The tear stands In thine eyes, my plug. fer thy rider no
more bears the bun;
This paste on my political mug was put there By Ian
Livingston.
IthinE and think OF my mentor. Dink,
Would he were by my side;
T" gaze for a space on that fnendlyfacs.
Those galloway suggrrs wide;
But here am l lorn aud lone. all done up by that son OF
ARUn.
On sccoun. OF whom I make moan. Lsonidss Y. Liy-
ingslon.
THIS awful swoop. this sudden SOUP
Deep whereinto ! sink
Almost the care make. me forswsar
OF office. dear old Dunk;
Come on and see me. dear Dink Bolts. and counsel
me how ] may shun
The whacfs I'm getting in Job lsts from that Lea
Livingston.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23
Ranld Transit.

Three members OF the Rapid Transit
Commission. Mr.. STE1NwAY. MIR. SPENCER
and Mr.. INMAN. have ably and conscien-
tiously striven to secure to the city an
early relief in the matter OF rapid transit.
with adequate compensation for the fran
cbise conferred. They have shown that
only from the extension OF the Manhattan
system could that relief be obtained. and
only from that corporation could any ade-
ouate return to the city be expected.
Two members OF tho Rapid Transit Com
mission, Mr.. STARIN and Mr.. BUsHE. have
striven to defeat any early or prospective
relief In rapid transit; and they have like
wise striven to make 1t impossible that any
return whatever shall accrue to the city
from the franchise 1t was in their power to
confer. They lave succeeded in their de-
sign.
The city saw practically secured to 1t nm
almost immediate expansion and better
ment OF the elevated railroads by the Man.
hattan's adoption Of Mr.. S~PENcER's plan.
It also saw that n large and a constantly
growing revenue would be obtained for the
public treasury by that plan. 1t now secs
that two members OF the Commission have
deliberately wrecked this desirable con-
summation. SO that the people who to the
number OF nearly a million n day travel by
the elevated system, and suffer its discom-
forts. now find themselves as hopeless OF
relief as II no Rapid Transit Commission
had ever been created.
At the beginning We looked upon the
Rapid Transit Commission with doubt. be-
cause Legislative bodies organized as 1t was
rarely achieve any useful end. But when
1t had disposed. as indeed it had to do. OF
the chimera OF underground transit. and
the simple and practical suggestions OF Mr..
SPENCER took shape. we yielded to the on
viction that there was an early remedy for
all the Ills that beset us. Messrs. BUsHE and
STARIN. however. with full knowledge OF the
inslncerity and downright dishonesty Of
every pretended alternative OF improve
ment that had been presented. chose to
precipitate ruin and defeat ut the very
moment when success seemed certain.
What, Is Mr.. STARIN's plea =? Does he plead
that no felt himself compelled to protect
his interests In circumurban transit by
water. his various and profitable passenger
boat trade. around and about this town
Or does he plead mere blindness n dull
stupidity? And what does Mr.. BUsHE
plead? Mr.. BUsHE need not plead at all.
1t has not for a long time been held any
where that Mr.. BUsHE was on the Rapid
Transit Commission for his health.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

Boston. May 22.-A cable despatch from the
European Union OF Astronomers to Mr.. J.
I,itchie. Jr.. OF tho Harvard College Observa-
tory. announces tho discovery of Finluy's peri
odicnl comet. by Finlay himself. at the OBJ
servatory OF the Cape OF Good Hope. The
comet is faint. being OF tho eleventh magni-
tude. circular. and without condensation Of
light. Its position May Is. at Washington.
midnight. was: Right ascension. % hours AZ
minutes J. second: declination. south. 8 hours
] minute 80 seconds.
This comet was originally discovered By
Finlay In November. 1886. and was found 20
be moving in an orbit OF seven years period.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

and once TO cast his ballot. In the country
no has to go only once. and that time to
vote. His name may he put on the regis
tration list by his friends.
1t is a question whether the frequent use
OF money ut elections In the rural districts
may not have something to do with bring
ing out the large vote. The use OF money
on election day In the cities. except In dis
tricts where n part OF the population are
tramps. is rare. while in the rural districts
1t is common for a prosperous farmer to sell
his own vote and to deliver also the votes OF
his sons and hired men. The election re-
turns and census statistics. though. hardly
bear out the attributing OF the high vote In
tho country to the prevalence Of bribery.
Hardly one Of tho counties which has the
lowest ratio is notorious for election-day
corruption. and in most Of them there is lit
tie inducement for the use of money.
In arguments in the Legislature the dif-
ference In ratio has been attributed mainly
&C III" greater ease In voting In the country
on account OF the lax registration laws. A
bill was passed by tho last Assembly to
make the registration laws Of the country
conform more nearly than before to those
OF the cities: but owing to the illness OF a
Democratic Senator this bill failed to pass
the Senate.
A comparison OF these returns with the
election returns at the time OF the Revolu-
tionary val and tho adoption OF tho Consti-
tuition. shows that political interest is in
creasing every year. and that the per-
centage OF those who participate in cleo
lions Is also increasing. In Massachusetts
toward the close Of the last century. when
discussions respecting the Federal Con-
stitution were going on, and when
there had been NJ actual rebellion
in ono part of tho State. not over
six per' cent. Of the population voted. al
though the census OF those days shows that
about three times that percentage Of men
were entitled to vote. In New York State
at the last election the census and registra-
lions lists were almost identical In man.
districts; and there were some districts
where there were more votes cast than the
census showed OF residents in the district
in the spring when the census was taken.
1t may be that to the rich men and men
engrossed in the management Of large bust
ness affairs. politics and political matters
are not relatively so important as thoy
were when tho United States began: but a
comparison OF the election returns shows
that inside from the widening OF the fran
chise. the proportion of those who vote is
greater In this State than ever before.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

There have been heavier floods than those
OF this year in tho Mississippi Valley: but We
think that. taking the whole area from the
Alleghanies TO the Pacific. from Louisiana to
Oregon. the floods of tho past month have
been as heavy as spring floods over were in
other times. The recent news from tho States
OF the Pacific seaboard. and from Idaho and
Montana. has shown how great an amount of
damage has been wrought to towns and TO the
crops and the public works by tho rise of the
waters of tho Columbia. the Willamette. tho
Yakima. tho Salmon. tho Cnur d'Alene. and
other rivers. The rainfallin allthat region has
been uncommonly heavy. and the remarkable
rise OF the temperature in the month OF May
this year has caused the snow in tho noun
tains to melt earlier than usual. Fortunately
there has not been any loss OF life by these far
Western floods. or. at least. our reports have
not told Of any.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

ST. JOHNS. n. f.. May 22-sir james Winter
OF this city has been appointed to succeed the
late Sir Robert Pinsent as Judge OF the su-
preme Court OF Newfoundland. Sir James ia
a distinguished native OF this colony who was
Attornsy-General OF tho late Government and
now leads the opposition party In our Leais-
lature. He participated In the Fisheries Con
ssntiSn S ss Washington csshhins0 nsi u = 2 and more 70.
Council for James Balrd. a merchant OF ~
Johns who sued Capt. Sir Baldwin Maker Of
thu British war shin Emerald Tor S.. tEU for
shore and won the case.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

1t is n curious fact that Russia's only
friends among tho great powers OF the world
are republics. the two republics OF Franco and
the United States. The Gear is not much OF
an ndmirer OF the German and Austrian kai.
sers. or the italian King. or the Turkish Sultan.
or the British sovereign. but he is on the best
Of terms with MIR. CLEVELAND and Monsieur
CARNoT. and is n practical friend Of their re-
spective countries. each OF which sails under
a tricoloreu flag.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

a venerable minister. and finally. a. Admiral
KAzSAKorr advanced with the Russian nag in
his hand and uttered . few beautiful words.
the finest OF which were his exclamation.
sleep In glory in your resting place. Admiral
FARRAGuTi"
Our good. estimable. and gallant friend. the
Russian Admiral. has drawn us all toward
him. The kindly and generous feeling for our
country which he has displayed ever since he
came here is warmly reciprocated by the
whole American people. Long live Admiral
kAzNAKoFFl
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

dIdates. These incidents point to the ex-
ercise Of influence by. Gen. Won CAPRIvI. and
to the belief that his conclliatory course
has the tacit though tardy and reluctant
countenance OF his sovereign.
In o word. IL the electoral campaign IN
Germany results successfully for the GOV
eminent, 1t will rebound mainly to the
credit OF CAPRIvI, and no matter how little
the extreme Conservatives may Ike him.
II will materially strengthen his position.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

Jrom n, Nor n, LuA H,rafL
JAcEsoSvILLr. Fla, May is-Mm~ ousn's magnificent
painting OF "Nydia. the Blind Girl OF pompeii." was
sold here to-day. Tho purchaser 10 q wei known art
connoiSSsur. Boston secures the gem. IL will here
after appear in the private collection of Mrs. Y. D.
oorhAm. she regards II ~ the chef d'ouvrs Of her
gslsy.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23
Il PEOPLE'S PARTF RAILROAD.
AGitating for n Line from North Dakota -
the Gull.

TOPEKA. Kas.. May 22.-The scheme pro-
posed by tho Populists OF Kansas and Ne
braska to build II north and south railroad
from Bismarck. n. d.. to tho Gulf Of Mexico
terminating at Galveston, was thought TO bs
a weli-detined plan to create a public sentl'
ment In favor OF building the line by pubic
subscription OF stock. A convention COM
posed OF delegates representing the two
Dakotas. Nebraska. Kansas. Oklahoma, and
Texas will he held at Lincoln early in Juns
and at that time the plan OF building ms liRs
through the great wheat growing bet O, w
country to the Gulf by the States named wiz
be presented by tho Kansas delegation;
The Populists OF Kansas. who are back OF ~
movement. say 1t can h". demonstrated IN ths
building Of this line. which is to be owned oy
the several States. hat the Government owner,
ship Of railroads is tho practical solution oi
the railroad problem; The line. they say. would
give the farm ers Of this region an opportunity
to get their grain and products to this f"r"lga
mark cts Mt great reduction over the pfessht
rates, and establish u reciprocity OF trado be;
tween this country and South. AmeIiSa OF
special advantage TO tho agricultural classet
Already meetings have been held In central
and western Kansas ~favorinR the enterprise
Amass meeting held at oberlin. Saturday.
passed Resolutions ,fayoring tho immediate
building of this limo by State aid.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

Advertisements for TIE WEEKLY srN. 'fsued
tomorrow morning. must be handed in thus eren-
tno before 8 O'Clock.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1893-05-23

DwIGGrNs OF Chicago and HoKEY
Courier.
But the wonder OF them oil is HoKEY SMITH
OF Georgia. tho statesman on horseback.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-04-20
"THE FIRST MILLION OF CANADI-
ANS ANNEXED"

Census bulletin No. 357, which
has recently appeared, shows that
the number of Canadians in the
United States is about one million.
This is more than ten per cent OF the
total foreign population. The ratio
of increase from Canada during the
last twenty years is decidedly great
er than the rate of increase in the
total forcign-born inhabitants. II
the Canadians were distributed
throughout the country, as are our
German. Scotch, Welsh, French, Eng
lish, Spanish and Swiss fellow citl-
zens. their number would not be
large enough to affect materially the
character of the population. The
foreign-born inhabitants Of the Unit
ed States amount to fifteen per cent
Of the total, and the Canadians are
about one-tenth OF the foreign born.
Equally distributed among the
iorty.four states, the Canadians
would be lost in the crowd. Instead
OF this being the case, the large Ca
madam population of the United
States is practically limited to few
states, and, indeed, to a few cities of
such states. In the whole South
there are only 5000 Canadians, or
about one-third the number of Ital-
ians in the city of New York alone.
In the far West the Canadians are
not much more numerous. 1t is in
the New England states, and in
Michigan and New York that they
constitute a numerically important
element. They number more than
100000 in Massachusetts, 10000
in Michigan, and $4,000 in New
York, In Maine, Of a foreign born
total of 79, 900, not less than $4,000
are Canadians. In New Hampshire,
of 10000 foreign-born, $4,000 are
Canadians. In Vermont. out of
Al, 900 foreign-born, $4,000 are Ca
nadians. 1t is the same story
through New England, from which
the sturdiest, thriftiest and most en-
terprising emigrants have gone &c
settle and develop the great states
OF the far West. Here are the figures
in seven New England towns, show
ing the Canadians in each:
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-04-20

sitting in that not merely clogs the
wheels and turns the oil on the piv-
OTIS to gum, but acts as energy
would, and wears away the works
until they utterly fail to keep time.
Avoid jarring your watch, under
pain OF having it stop, until it grows
worthless as timepiece. Do not
pin your faith too closely on it's ac-
curacv either. With the very best OF
movements variations will some
times occur. Heat, cold, motion, vi
bration, location, or all may make
YOUR watch fast or slow. One rea-
son that ladies watches are usually
such bad timekeeperSis that they are
so neutrality-suspicious. they have,
about three days out of seven, a
widely different environment.
Never use chalk, whiting or any
sort of powder to brighten a case
Never rub hard, and use only clear
chamois or bit of soft silk. Be
ware of even suspicion ofmoisture
A watch had nearly as well fall upor
rock as into water. If by any
chance such thing happens, put th'
watch at once into alcohol-whiskey
will not do-and leave it until yol
can hand it over to the matchmaker
# Harper's Young People.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-04-20
INCLINED TO BE FUNNY.

She latter the service -"What
makes you think my feet are 80
small ?" He-"I noticed, while we
were in church, that you seemed to
have no trouble in getting them in
to my silk at."-[Vogue.
ooh, Mrs. Bunderby, won't you
ask your son to come this evening 2
We are going to have a donkey
party, and can't possibly get along
without him. Harper's Bazaar.
Dot, Jagged six, on conclusion of
song by celebrated tenor. Papa,
did that man make all that noise on
purpose?- It'd Bits.
Some parents take their children
to see the procession, and then whip
them il they want to go to the
circus Rams Horn.
Never put off tomorrow that
which you can get somebody else to
do for you today.
He-"I've bought you a pet
monkey to amuse you, darling.
She-"Oh, how kind of you Now
shan't miss you when you're
away Pick Me Up.
BECAUSE THEY BEE.
"Johnny," said Johnny's little
brother, "a fly is a fly because he flies
isn't he?" YES, that's it." And ;
flea is a flea because he fees, ism
it," Shouldn't wonder" "Thel
why are bees bees? Because the,
be- laughed Johnny Harper
: Young People.
: LIGHT AND DARK.
: Governor Russell's little so
Eustis surprised his mother on
morning a short time. since by eS
claiming: Mamma, l want dar
: breakfast" Mrs. Russell was at
: loss to know what he meant and d,
y manded an explanation. well,
y said the young hopeful, "last nigh
e you told Mary to give me ligf
; supper, and didn't like it. Nov
l. mamma, please, do let me have
If dark breakfast"
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-04-20
TEACHING TRICKS TO FISH.

Fish have many times been taught
TO perform tricks, and it would APP
pear as it they had much more intel
iigence than is attributed to them.
Mr.. ]. A. Bailey, OF circus fame, once
had two brook trout in a small
aquarium in his private residence
that would jump out of the water
and take flies held betwee the fore
finger and thumb and would also
ring little bell when they required
food. They would also leap over
little bars of wood placed about two
inches above the surface of the
water.
1t isa very simple matter to teach
the fish these tricks. At first a little
tower containing tiny, sweet
toned silver bell was fastened 20 the
iron work of the aquarium with a
piece of string attached to the
water where the trout were. On the
loose end of the string an insect OF
other tempting morsel was placed
which he.hsh would at once seize
and pulling the cord the bell in the
tower would naturally tinkle. After
this had been repeated several day:
the fish were left without food fol
some little time until they made the
discovery that they could obtain II
by pulling at the string to which
the delicacies had been attached
This they never failed to do ever at
terward when they were hungry
and as that was nearly all the tim
the little bell was CONSTANT,
tnklng as the fish were continual,
pulling the cord, and it was quite
pretty and novel sight.-[N. Y
Herald.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-04-20

miles. have accomplished the feat
and returned to Chicago. The trips
were undertaken as the result OF a
wager among railroad men. The
successful making Of these journeys
certainly bears convincing testimony
to the splendid facilities for travel
afforded by the railway companies
of this country.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1893-04-20

A great question has been settled
namely, that a woman, alone and
unattended, can travel by rail for
three weeks in this country, in com
fort and safety, without setting foot
upon the ground from the time she
starts till herjourney is ended. Miss
Mitchell and Miss Day, who left
Chicago some time ago to travel in
o opposite directions for ten thousand