The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1893-11-10
THE COUNTY INSTITUTE,
Subjects Discussed at tho Second
Days Session Of the Lewis and
Clarke Teachers.
The Instruction Began on wednes-
day Was Carried q Step Far
thor Yesterday.
Mrs. Carpenter Gives . Practical Illustrs-
ton Of tho Way shs Teaches lis
Little Folks.

The second day Of The teachers institute
opened yesterday morning with . full NJ
tendance, Mr.. Bramble Of MsSysville. act.
Ing a. secretary. The singing Of AneEio'
by all was followed by = solo from MADAME
Nedini. she pathetic little ballad entitled
Daddy" Hearty applause brought III.
pretty little song. "A FAIR Little Girl Bal
Under . Tree" Prot Young then. after .
brief review of the lesson upon pedagogy OF
the day before. took Mp tbs subject again,
and q further talk upon indicative and
dsduetivs methods Of teaching was given,
and also spon synthetic AND analytic meth
oda The methods Of al work TO bs 81
practical 40 possible. ths instruction to
give knowledge; drill TO deepen impression.
and examination TO test Yssults. The sub
ject Of attention was discussed. attention
being the act Of concentration, and the
driving out Of other thouRhts; IL 10 ssssn-
tisl 10 teaching. and the attention OF {
class 10 . good Vest Of . teachers ability.
Good teaching being the result Of attention;
there 10 negative m positive attention;
the hrst being . quiet Of body with the
thoughts elsewhe.s; the second whore the
mind ID completely wrapped up in the sub
jsst. Positive attention is Of two kinds.
instructive and controlled. The controlled
attention being . most desirable quality In
oil who are old enough TO exercise their
wills, while i%astiRstivs attention 10 the
natural attribute Of childhood. and The
wise teacher will knew how and whom to
use each.
Mr.. Stesrs followed Prof. Young and
commenced his talk from the point left the
day before. and the term Of ofioe and sole
powers Of The various departments were
given. The executive department. Of the
nationsl and state government wal then
taken ~. the Offices named, with age, sal
sEy . ths methods Of choosing talked of;
the cabinet Offices and officers named. Prot.
Young then took up the subject of gran
mar. The lesson of ths day before was re-
viewed and father points givsn-how chill
dssn eould b taught 10 express in proper
written language the ideas gained from an
object lesson. The erroneous idea that
arithmetic Is the principal study in sohool
and . persons ability TO do quick and &C.
euSase work In il. the chief desire. was OK
ploded. . knowledge Of grammar and spell
ing being quite % essential. The general
0UUloVb "a HOuU0 vas 1ovloWOug .WlbH kOOA
methods of its teaching. The teacher n ust
have . plsh and work it out systematically
and thoroughly. Sentences illustrating
each j N of nouns to be given and help
al out the scheme, which the teacher has
in mind and places on the board. The
properties of nouns can be developed nat
uralIy by examples of individual property.
After . short intermlssion Prof. Merritt
again took up the subject Of physiology and
spoke of the conservation and transfo1ma-
sion Of energy. stsrsoptican views wsrs
thrown upon . screen, showing that heat
defects to the right and cold to the left.
Further experiments Of capitalization were
shown, the application of these illust atlons
being to how the transformation of energy.
Experiments showing rapid oxidation and
slow oxidation were given. What all this
has to do with the human body was shown
natural heat Of the body 10 kept up. Heat
10 liberated and takes place in work-in
serve energy and brain power. This oxitx-
tion has many objects in the human body,
the whole system dependent upon 1t. Fat
IL not q necessary part of the body and IS
used only in the using up or burning OF
oxidation. and when gone, the tissues
themselves are used up. The subject of
foods was considered at length. with what
vas needed OF inorganic and organic sob
stancss. The whole Lecture vas largely
scientific and listened 10 with close atten-
ton.
The concluding subject of tho morning
was arithmetic. by Prof. Young. He spoke
of the analytical or method of analysss and
of she bssinR OF work UPON principle. The
method OF teaching fractions by basic prin-
oiples was considered and a number of
principles given which must be use! in
grade after grade as = basis of all work.
Examples were also given illustrating the
principles.
The afternoon session Was opened by a
couple of Rotations from two little tots,
members of the first primary grade Of Misc
Laura Teague, little Ethel and Marguerite
Becker, whose correct speaking reflected
credit upon their training. Prof. Young
then took up the subject Of geography and
gave instruction. rs to how various kinds
of maps can be made; the board map, usinQ
q stencil, and the moidinR board, using
sand or putty. These maps are of great
use in giving the children actual pictures
OF the surface, rivers. mountains, railroads.,
etc. A sand map of Africa was made.
showing how the work might be carried on
in class.
MIR. Harsh then continued his work In
writing, giving quite full Instructions upon
position and form. and showing teachers
how TO teach so as to secure the Beat Re-
suits. Letters In groups. according to
their principles, were given with the pfades
in which they should be used. Combtus-
tions of principles In forming letters were
prhcSlceo, easy WORDS being chosen first,
Mrs.. Carpenter. who 10 one of thu most
successful of primary teachers. thsn
brought up q GLASS OF littls children, and
gave a number Of lessons. Tho children
stood before q long table upon which were
placed blocks used in Counting, and a prao-
ticsl and vsrv interesting lesson was given, |
developing the number eight, with the
various combin atoms which make il. Ihs
children used their Imagination In telling
little stories of combinations of objscts.
thus cuitivating language az we'll as the
idea of numbers. The board Was used in |
writing these results, and the children
taught to read them. The children showed
An eager interest in the lesson, and the
work OF learning was made as interesting
As 10 be . decided pleasure.
Mrs. Powell then continued her ~ipstrue-
tlon OF the kindergarten svatem. showing
ioiulnG and cutting, etc. This work, which
10 OF so much use In training the obssrva-
sion and mental powers of little children,
must be seen to be appreciated. II gives
knowledge. ouitivates perception and Ian
guags. and is a most excellent pre- ~aYation
for actual school work. The afternoon
was concluded by an address from state
Superintendent Steere upon the Life and
Oratory OF Wendell Phillips which was
both entertaining and instructive, To-day
Wall conclude the institute.
In Oldes Times