New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1893-01-28

neutrality Of the proposed Panama Canal one
| Of President Garelds first acts under the ADVICE
| Of Secretary Blaine was 10 remind the European
! Governments Of the exclusive rights which the
| United States had secured with the country 10
| be traversed by the interOceanic waterway. these
| exclusive rights rendered the prior guarantee OF
the United States Government Indispensable, ana
the Powers were informed that any foreign guaran-
| tee would be not only unnecessary nut u''
| friendly act.
| As the United States had made in the Clayton
| Bulwer Treaty OF $50 a special agreement WIN
! Great Britain on this subject. Secretary biaihe
supplemented his memorandum to The Powers by
| a formal proposal for the abrogafion OF all pfoV-
| sions Of that convention which were not In ac-
cord with the guarantees and privileges covenanted
for In the compact with the Colombian Republic.
| In this State paper, tie most elaborate OF the
| series receiving his signature during his first
| term as Secretary OF State, Mr.. Blaine contended
that the operation Of the Clayton-Buwer Treaty
practically conceded to Great Britain the control
| of any canal which might be constructed on the
| isthmus "a that Power was required by It's m
| sl'ar position and colonial possessions TO main
| tain naval establishment with which the United
| States could not compete. As the American Tow
| eminent had bound itself by its engagements IN
| the CLAYTON Bulwer Treaty not to tight on the
| isthmus nor TO fortify the mouths Of any water
| way that might be constructed, the Secretary
argued that if any struggle for the control OF the
| canal were 20 arise England would have an adj
vantage at the outset which would prove decisive
| THE treaty" ne remarked. commands this Gov
eminent not to single regiment OF troops TO
protect its interests in connection with the inter
| oceanic canal but to surrender the tranlt TO the
Guardianship and control of the British navy.
| The logic of this paper unanswerabic from an
| American point of view
EFFORTS TO SECURE PEACE IN SOUTH
AMERICA.
The war between Chill and Peru had virtually
| ended with the capture Of Lima OH January ~
| 1881. Pierola the President Of Peru. had sue
| cccded in rallying few followers in the north'
! and Caderon, assuming the provisional fresl-
dcncy. had corvoicd Congress in the vicinity OF
Lima. The State Department made strenuous eN-
ertons to bring about the conclusion OF an early
peace between Chill and Peru The influence OF
| the Government was brought "a pear upon
victorious Chill in the interest Of peace and
magnanimity; but. owing TO an unfortunate MS
| opnrehcnsion of Mr. Blane's Instructions. the
| United States Ministers did not promote uhe
ends Of peace. Special ENJOYS were accordingly
crnments with general instructions which IL was
honed might enable them 10 bring these bclligerent
Powers into friendly relations. These ENJOYS were
Mr. Prescott and Mr. Walker Blaine, and their mis-
sion was 10 perform a most delicate and important
dulomatic duty in the interest of peace. After theV
| had sot ont from New-IOrk Mr.. Blame resiSheu'
| and tha envoys on arriving at their DESTINATION
| wore informed BY the Gillian Minister or Foreign
| Affairs that their instructions had been counter
| manded Nv his successor. Largely Ill consequence
Of this reversal of policy, it has been said, 'hlii
| WIS able 10 exact a heavy forfeit from ieru'
| HIS CALI. FOR A PEACE CONGRESS.
Tho most conspicuous act of Mr.. Blaines all
| ministraton of the State Department was HE
invitation for a Peace Congress This plan had
been decided upon before the ASSASSINATION vi
President Garfield. The proposition was TO invite
all thr independent Governments OF Norm ant
South America to meet in Peace Congress al
WASHINGTON ON March -, 1882 The representa-
tive. of all the minor Governments on tins coh'i
nent wer. 10 agrce. if possible. upon some com
prehcnsiye plan for avcrtng war by means o
arbitration and for resisting the intrlgues ol
European diplomacy. Invitations were sent OF
Novclnbcr o. with the limitations and reStrlction
orioinauv designed. But owing 10 "A change OIL
administration the meeting did not then TAKE
place.
Mr. Blaine described the proposed congress
rs AN important and impressive step ON the par
Of the United States toward closer relationship
with our continental ncighbors. In no event.
he said could harm have Resulted IN the as
scmbling Of the Peace Congress. Failure was mex
"a impossble Success might be regarded as Ger
tain. The subject TO be discussed was peace, ant
how il can be permanently pre'crved in North aht
South America The labors Of the Congress woulC
lave probably ended in a w'li-dlgested system
of arbitration under which all troubles Denver
American States could b. quickly. efiectudlly ant
| satisfactorily adjusted. Such cohSuihma'ioi
,yould have been worth a great struggle and
greot sacrifice Ii could have been reached with
ont any struggle and would have involved no sac
,iGce II was within our grasp. 1t was ours fol
| the asking II would have been a signal victory
If pLilanthropy over the scllishness Of human am
| hition: n complete triumph of Christian principles
NJ applied TO the affairs of nations Ii would have
reflected enduring honor our own country. ant
would have impaired a new spirit and new
brotherhood to all America Nor would It's III
auence beyond the sea have been small. In
| example of seventeen independent nations solemn
agreeing TO abolish the arbirament OF the swort
and to settle every dispute by peaceful method
| of adjudication, would have eXerted an infuenc'
70 the utmost confines OF civilization. and upol
the generations of men yet 10 come FAIRY II
his second term as Secretary of State under fresl
dent Harrison, Mr. Blaine revived this hnman
and useful project.
AT GARFIELDS BEDSIDE.
On the morning of Saturday, July ? 1881
| President Garfield was to start from washington
. by the morning limited express for New-lork, ei
route for New England and reunion with his OH
college mates at the Williams College commence
ment Ills Secretary of State accompanied mn
70 the train. and has recorded the great, alnos
boysh, delight with which the President antici
mated his holiday-a state of mind In when,
may we'll I've believed Mr. Blaine joSously sympa
,hized They entered the waiting-room at th
station and moment later Oulteaus reVoiVe
= | LaL done il work Tho country still vividl!