The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1893-01-19
Wind the Great Force is Nature for
Carrying OF Heat.

Carrying OF Heat.
Discussing the means whereby heat is
lost in buildings heated by a steam or
hot water plant, Hot Water Heating
says.
: Few people have given much thought
to the many difficulties that must be
met and overcome in the planning of a
heating apparatus; and with a view OF
showing the Importance of the subject,
we will try to explain a few of the natu-
raj laws by which heat is lost from a
building, and also the laws that may be
untitled to replace it.
wind is the greatest force in nature
for carrying off heat, and 10 the most
difficult of all elements to contend with
in heating buildings. It is, therefore,
necessary that it's cooling power should.
be thoroughly understood, that it may
be provided against in the construction
OF heating apparatus. The Importance
of this will be recognized when the ex>
periments with wind currents in glass
houses have shown that room heated
to 70 in zero wheather, with still ats
mosphere, will be cooled 800 in minut-
es and As seconds.
1.-THE same room will be cooled 20o in 2
minutes and IS seconds when the wind
is blowing at the rate of miles per
hour, and it will be cooled 200 in 48 Sec
onds when the wind is blowing at the
rate of 81 miles per hour. When the
fact is considered that it is a common
occurrence for the wind to blow from 90
to 80 miles per hour, it will be seen how
important it is to carefully consider the
number and and size of the windows and
the exposed walls before designing an
apparatus for warming q building.
Every little has been said on the a
bove important subject-important be-
cause the materials used in the con
struction of building determine how
much heat it will lose, as the heat can
only be lost through the materials OF
which the building is constructed. All
building materials have known con
ductiug power for heat, and, though
we cannot here go into elaborated ia
bles of comparison, we will give few
facts of interest.
"A granite wall, 18 inches thick, will
lose 81 per cent more heat than a brich
wall Of the same thickness. A frame
building, plastered ON the inside ant
covered with paper felt and sheating or
the outside, will loose rs per cent les
heat than brick wall of the same thick
ness. A frame house built without
paper felt covering on the outside will
lose rs per cent more heat than the same
house if covered with felt.
zone square foot of glass will lose al
much heat as 6 square feet of 10 incl
brick wall. If closely fitted double
sashes are used, rs per cent less hea
will be lost than with the single sash.
1.-The manner in which the joints of ,
building are fitted affects very materi
ally the amount of heat lost; for exam
pie, a loosely fitted house may take
twice the quantity of heat that would b,
required for one well built.
Each square foot of outside wall of &
building, each a foot of glass or window
surface. and each entrance dooor, hav'
a given conducting power for taking
heat from the inside of u building ant
depending it to the outer air. Aftel
measuring these various surfaces and
determining the loss of heat by thu
conducting power of the material o
which it is built, we ascertain how much
heat any building will lose in zert
wheather; by adding to this Is per cen
(Which is a necessary loss up the chin
ney to make a draught) we have the to
talamount of heat lost by the building
and can easily determine the amount o.
coal that ought to be burned to warn
itn