Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1893-07-18
FARM AND GARDEN
Effect Of heterogeneous Fs,4,,
izers on Crops.
PRACTICAL BREEDING Ru,nu
The Man Who Feeds Hanh.,.,
Most Likely to Make ysrs y
Serious Mistakes.

souiI experiment station have han MIS-
mulated into series OF prac, zen tor
Tor breeding, OF which the foI la,val rules
a brief synopsis: 'o''owing are
l. Animals should be fed &c
they can digest without ini,,rv ~ much as
2. ihey should be fed bal ~ health.
ton that is, one in which tha ra.
ingredients are adapted to tbo S various
ana the purpose in feeding. " needs
=. Food is required to mainto;u
heat; hence animals exposed t to IAN animal
qulre more food than those ~ cod re-
with warm but well-ventilatedd pro provided
Inc man, therefore, who is Kim 'ar'ers.
cattle is kind to himself u 70 his
4. The digestive CAPACITY a,
may be stimulated by a variety 81
salt, etc. '''y OF food,
With regard to the subsistence.
enter lnto the composition OF foods Jdn, sal
STOCK, usually arranged in six 'o sros lor
'he io,1owing definitions are given no'ps'
!; Water-The amount of tbis v.,;
with the kind OF food supplied. WITS va,ies
pure water has no nutritive yalne H !,
self, 1t plays no unimportant part IN N III ~
animal economy, and should he - i.a '1e
supplied and of the best attainablon ouaf
ity. "'ie quail
2. Ash-This is what remains af,o.
combustlble portions have been hu,a .ne
away. 1t supplies the mineral ;na.a nsu
ents to the animal body. '''s'edi-
3. Protein pronounced pro-tee-;n,
Is the heterogeneous portion of tho fn1J
ana goes to form muscle and ali otSo,,
heterogeneous parts of the body. aidina u 81
most in the formation of fat. # is a., a.,
most valuable Of all the food inored Il 'he
4. Faiths substance produces an;
NAL heat, or is stored up in the bodv o.
fat for future use. "'
B. Carbohydrates include the starcbo,
gums, sugars, etc., and produce fat and
heat. Gnu
6. Fiber-This substance has abon.
the same composition as the carhobr'
drates, but is much less digestible. and
has but little if any nutritive value.
1t is by knowledge of these yarious
ingredients as combined in different
foods that scientific feeders are able to
secure the best results, whether thew are
feeding for milk or muscle. A man who
feeds haphard, with whatever he has on
hand, may happen to hit on the rigbt
ration, but the chances are he will make
very serious mistakes. The subject for
rations for cattle is one of the deepest
with which stock owners have to do.
FACTS ABOUT FERTILIZERS.
AS the results of experiments at the
Storrs Agricultural School it has bean
found that, while the addition of min.
eral fertilizers increased the Weld Of
clover, it had no material effect on the
yield of grasses. In general the yield Of
hay was increased with the quantity Of
nitrogen supplied; but the mineral fer
tilizers when used alone were applied at
loss.
Some of the facts obtained are well
worth attention. For example, the adj
dition of 100 pounds OF nitrate of soda
per acre Containing TWENTY-FIVE pounds
of nitrogen in addition to the fixed min
erals gave an average profit during Pc
riod of three years OF $l.40 per acre
Three hundred and twenty pounds OF
nitrate OF soda fifty pounds OF nitrogen
gave an average profit OF 1924 per acre
while 480 pounds of nitrate OF soda (sev-
enty-five pounds OF nitrogen) yielded
profit of only s2.45 per acre. The re.
turns of profit from the use OF 800 pounds
of nitrate of soda were very uniform, be-
ing $40, 1912 and S5.49 respectively for
the three years.
The application of nitrogenous iertil-
izers, it was found, increased the per-
centages of protein in the crop, and the
increase was somewhat in proportion to
the amount of nitrogen supplied. The
increase in the amount OF nitrogen in
the crop did not, however, equal the in
creased amount OF nitrogen supplied in
the fertilizers, which would appear to
show that the plants were not able to
utilize all the nitrogen supplied.
1t is plain, therefore, that it is not
profitable to apply more OF this expAn-
sive ingredient than the plants can read
lily assimilate.
TO FATTEN DUCKS.
An English contemporary says: First
select clean, shady yards; If they are
grassy, so much the better Do not put
more than 100 birds together, giving
them about six or eight square feet OF
room per bird. Begin fattening when
the birds are eight weeks old. The feed
may consist of 20 per cent OF cornmeal,
Is per cent of gluten, 10 per cent Of
Bowker's animal meal and per cent OF
wheat bran. This should be carefully
mixed and made quite moist, but not
sloppy. The birds can eat it more read
lily when it is little sticky, and do not
waste it SO much. The feeding trough
should be five to six feet-two for each
100 birds. Feed regularly three times
day-at sunrise, noon and sunset, wafer
ing at the same time. In warm weather
the ducks should be watered between
meals in addition. Be sure and feed al
they will eat clean. If there is any loou
left in the troughs at the end OF tweht!
minutes, take it up clean so that llg
birds may not be cloyed. Keep crackeuu
oyster shells and coarse sand IN sllan
boxes within reach. Give green clover
or corn fodder once each day-say ave
A. M.-what they will eat each , tasii
Pekin ducks, carefully grown ana iav'eu u
in this way, should at ten OF ele,G Js
weeks old tip the scales at twelve pounaa
per pair. That is about the average
weight.
NOTES. .u
Don't cool off the stables before llllh,
ing. 1t makes the cows hold up tlle.'
milk, and frequently they become INV
full and kick. ota
Sweet cream should be churned ~ =
lower temperature than sour, anu :.
takes a longer time for it to sepaIaI'
otherwise the same rules apply to po,,'
The foals of 1898 need the best oil cary
Give them food adapted to Their a aeepI,
Three hours week can be proii'Iau ur.
spent in training each pair OF coi's ~"
ing their first six months.
In France the making Of matches s"
of the government, whleh ialn
,,,& Ia ,rra fpiirp the rtsu4s