The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1893-10-05
safely adopted

ing it in hot water, and stir continually so 70
warm equally. Be very careful not to warm 10
too much, or the butter will be injured. and
the water into which the vessel of cream Ia
plunged should not be more than 100 degrees
T. At any time when the temperature Of
the air is above So degrees take that Of tbs
cream over night, and if over so degrees cool
it by the best means at command. In COW
cred can il may be hung in the well, or it may
be placed in a tub Of cold water, or in dry but
cool cellar.
1t is better to reduce the temperature to .
point too low for the purpose (fOr IL can Be
easily warmed again. than to have il even q
few degrees too warm when required for churn-
ing. If the cream is too thick for free churn-
ing it may be corrected by adding water,
which, carefully mingled with it. viii help in
reducing the temperature, il that is necessary.
Cream churns best when yielding three pounds
of butter to every gallon. The Thermometer
without which dairy work cannot be properly
carried on) should be of glass, as most easy t.
keep clean. It is we'll to have q good and rsli-
able instrument Of the ordinary type hanging
in the dairy to register the changes in the
temperature of the air, and to serve as a stand
ard for the glass instruments used with the
cream. Having such, do nothing by guess
work; note the conditions affecting your
work; do not judge by the season, but only By
the temperature Of the air.
The experiments of the Ohio station with
fertilizers now include four years continuous
culture of wheat on the same land, with and
without fertilizers on the farm hitherto ocou-
pied by the station in Columbus and belonging
to the State University; three years similar
culture of wheat in Columbisna County; four
years continuous culture of oats on the Co
lumbus farm; five years continuous culture Of
corn on the Columbus farm and in CoIumbiana
County, and IA cooperative experiments, made
in 1889, 1890 1891, and 1892, by farmers In
Ashtabuls. Holmes Miami, Huron, Licking,
Butler, aud Washington Counties, besides sew
eraI years study Of crops grown in rotation
and Of plants grown in boxes. These expert
merits must be continued farther before POSI-
tive conclusions can be drawn, but at the pres
ent date the following tentative conclusions
seem to be justified:
l. The use of superphospats and potash,
separately or in combination, but withous
in crops OF corn and wheat on soils deficient
in vegetable matter
2 The yield Of straw or stalks has almos:
invariably been increased by the use Of super
phosphate.
g. The use of superphosphate has frequently,
and that Of potash has occasionally, been fol-
lowed by a considerable increase of crop, both
of grain and straw or stalks, on sod ground or
land containing an. abundance Of deeomposing
vegetable matter.
4. An increase of grain in the crop has gen.
orally followed the use of nitrate Of soda, and
this has happened in almost every case whea
the nitrate has been used in combination VITA
superphosphate or potash.
5. When complete fertilizer has been used,
containing both phosphoric acid and potash.
in combination with nitrogen, the phosphorus
acid being carried in less active forms THAI
bone-black superphosphate, an increase Of crop
has resulted in practically every case; but At
present prices of fertilizers and grain respective
ly, this increase has invariably cost more than
its value in the market.
6. While, therefore, these experiments
demonstrate the possibility Of producing .
regular and certain increase in the yield Of
cereal crops by the use Of complete chemical
fertilizer, yet they show that if such fertilizers
are to be used with any prospect of profit in Ohio
in the production of cereal crops, and as part
of regular system of agriculture. that system
must provide for the accumulation in the soil
of the largest possible quantities of organic
nitrogen, through the culture, in short rota-
tions, of plants which have the power of obtain
ing nitrogen from sources inaccessible 70 the
cereals.
There is still great deal said about sheep
ticks, scabs, and lice upon stock. A great adj
vocate of carbolic acid says: 81 Mix the crude,
black acid with some homemade soft soap first,
then stir well, ehurn up and get it mixed well
(the lye in the soap helps to eat up that greasy
scum, or thought so), and then add from 10
to 20 gallons of soft water to one of acid, ae-
cording to what you wish to use it for. For
scab use 40 of water to one of acid. ] am Of
the opinion that carbolic acid is the principal