davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
SENATE HAS The TREATY
The Hawaiian Question at
Last in Congress.
DOCUMENTS NOT YET MADE

The Whole VOIumiuous Correspondence
Has Been Turned Over to the Senate
and is Now Being Printed-The Treaty
Is Signed by the Commissioners aud
Secretary of State Foster-Speculatton
Regarding the Provisions of 1t
WASHINGTON, Feb. 16.-The President
sent his message recommending the an
neXation of the Hawaiian islands to the
United States to the Senate late yester-
day afternoon. 1t is accompanied by a
treaty of annexation concluded between
the Secretary of State and the Hawaiian
Commissioners, and mass of correspond
ence relating to the questions at issue.
The treaty is brief, providing merely
for the annexation of the islands under
the present provincial government and
leaving the details of the permanent form
of Government, ETC., to Congress. The
correspondence is very voluminous, going
back many years, and gives n complete
history of the islands so far as negotia-
lions with the United States are con-
cerned.
Contrary to general expectation. the
Senate in executive session declined to
y,
decided to first have the message and
documents printed for the confidential
information of Senators.
The papers were accordingly sent down
to the government printing office to be
put in type for confidential uses with the
probability that the seal of secrecy will
be released this afternoon.
A well informed authority says that
under the treaty the ex-Queen and the
hni1. O,;, Il.
provided for with pensions, said to
amount to $500 a year each The
United States Treasury, however, will
not be put to any expense on that ac-
count.
The crown lands will become the prop
erty of the United States under the
process of annexation, and they now pro-
duce revenues which amount to S7U, 900
per annum, a sum, the commissioners as
sert, that would be doubled under judi
clouS management.
Hence the crown lands could be made
to moro than pay for the pension to the
Queen.
1t is also stated that the treaty con
tains provision for its reference to the
provisional government of Hawaii after
its ratification by the United States Sen
ate, to be returned to this country with
the approval of the Hawaiian government
within two months after its arrival in
Honolulu.
Then, upon the return of the treaty, il
Congress should be in session, or as soon
thereafter as Congress convcnes, the
legislation necessary to provide form
of government for the new territory
and to carry out the financial obliga-
tions imposed by the treaty will be init
ated.
One of the troublesome questions in
regard to the treaty has been that con
corning the sugar bounty.
The treaty, it is understood, will not
provide for the payment of the bounty OF
say anything about it. But if the bounty
law is continued it is presumed that the
Hawaiians will get the benefit of it.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
NEW YORK I new ETilAIl.

Passenger Train Service, week days, Jan 90, 1858
Trains leave Waterbury for
| BOSTON 255, 3.35, 1880, am; 100, 1913, IS
/ p.n
PROVIDENCE s.85, 7:So a M: ic0. 355 ,. n.
NEW YORK via Brewsters- 20 a. M: IL, IN.
| WORCESTER 1856, 7:3O a. M; p.m
NEW LONDON-335, 7:30 a. NJ, loo, 3.55 D. m.
| PUTNAM-2 s., 3,35, 1850 a. M; loo. 3.55, p. m.
WILLIMANTIC 255 3. 3, 1880 100, T3:4s 3 IS
| p. m.
sFRINeFIELD-7:3 a, NJ; S,55 p. m.
NEW HAVEN via Plainville-7:So, 1888 d, IN
| HARTFORD 2.55, 335, 7:3C, CO. 1913 a NJ. Il 90
"3;45 IS, S:15 p. M
NEW BRITAIN 2.5s, 3.35, 7:3o, 900 1o:4h, a. m
100, *3,45, 3.55, s:l5 p m.
PLAINVILIE-2.5, 7:3O, 9CO, t9;45 a NJ: 90
%3:4t 3.55, S:15 p. m.
BRISTOL IS. 1885, 7:ao, 600 1O:45 a. M: 100,
1913 3.55, S:15 p. m.
TERRYyILLE-7:S 900, 1o45 a. m: 1909, *3:45
355, S:15 p. m.
wATERvILLE-7:so, 0c0, 1o4s q m; 1915. 3.s5,
S:15 p. m.
UNION CITY-fs:C5 a N, $50 p. M
| TOWANTIC-fs:o5 a. m, f2:1o, $50 p. m.
SOUTHFORD-s:05 a. M; 2:10, 5:5O D. M
POMPERAUG VALLEY-s:C5 M; 8. IL, h:5O p m
SANDY HOOK S05a. M; $40, $3.50 p. NJ
HAWLEYVILLE-s:o5 a. M; 2:1o, ,5:50 p,..
IDANBURY--4:20, sos a. m; 2:1o, 6:5O II e5 D. m.
BREWSTERS-420 sos a. M; 210, p.u
LL-oN-HUDSON-s:o a. M; 2:1C 3. m.
az Binghamton, Elmira, Jamestown, Cleve-
land, Akron and Chicago sos a M; ai0 D.
m.
POUGHKEEPSIE-via Hopewell junction, SOB
a. M; 11.25 pm.
Sundays only.
Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington with
through Pullman sleeping cars via Poughkeep-
sic Bridge, p. & R. and b. Il o. railroads, lies
p. m, daily.
NEW YORK & NEW ENGf AND RAILROAD
IN MERIDEN BRANCH.
GOING EAST,
Leave Waterbury-New England station 4:3O,
$50 a. m LOS $3.50 p. M; Dublin street 500,
$3.50 a. m, 135, SEQ p. m.
GOING. WEST.
LEAVE MERIDEN for Waterbury-7.02, $50
a. M; 1910. $50 p. M Arrive Dublin street
40. 10 81 a M; 1.35, 1855 p. m; at Water
bury, New England station, 7:55, 100 a. M,
goo, 1899 p. m.
l. D. BARTON, Gen Sup't, Boston,:
A.sC. KENDALL, P. A., Boston.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

SIT is no longer a secret that there IS
liable to be a monster strike among the
men connected with all of the railroads
leading into Chicago, the object of it
being the securing of better remunera-
ton for services rendered. The time
selected for the demonstration is oppor-
tune, as at no period in the history of
American railroading could the many
great lines that will be affected so lily
afford to have any interruption to their
regular business. What will be the
outcome cannot of course be foretold,
save that if. the strike takes place as is
threatened there will be heavy losses all
around. Business will practically be
paralyzed until the matter is settled,
and employers and employed will both
suffer incalculable loss.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
WOMEN WILL LIKE IT
And No One Will Think of Blam-
ing Them.
Perfectly Right That Women Should
Regard Their Complexion.
And This Is So Much Better and Such al
Excellent Way.

And This Is So Much Better and Such an
Excellent Way.
We believe it perfectly right that wo-
men should regard their complexion.
Nothing makes them more beautiful.
We take pleasure, therefore, in publish
ing the following letter to women writ
ten by that most popular and brilliant
newspaper correspondent, Miss J. Hol-
land, of 80 West Goth street, New York
City. Miss Holland is a noted and gifted
writer, and her regular communications
and articles in the New York World,
New York Recorder, New York Times,
Home Journal, Cleveland Tribune and
other papers and magazines, will be
remembered most pleasantly. She
writes for our paper as follows:
$50 many friends ask how it is that
am always in such good health and
spirits, and have a complexion that re-
quires no cosmetics, would like to state
for the benefit of many besides friends
that I owe it all to DR. Greene's Nervura
blood and nerve remedy.
Several years ago a severe illness left
me with so little vitality the doctors said
1 might linger for time, but would
never recover.
81 then began taking DIR Greene's Ner-
vura blood and nerve remedy. In a
week much to the surprise of all 1 was
much better and in a month l was out
shopping and going into society again.
II then took several bottles of this
medicine and after taking them my
constitution was so thoroughly built up,
although l have since passed through
severe mental strains from the loss of
dear ones by death, have never been
sick since.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

conquer the enemy by siege, and thus
avert conflict and possible bloodshed.
Last evening Gov. Lewelling appeared
at the door of the House and asked adj
mission. He was permitted to enter and
as he made his appearance the members
rose in respect. He made an impressive
speech.
81 came" lie said, ''not as the Gov
ernor of the State, to order you from the
hall. L come to you as n man and
enureat you as citizens of Kansas and
men of honor to surrender to the legal
authority of the State and to vacate
this hall"
Continuing, he said the events of the
past two days seemed to have robbed
both sides of their reason and that the
situation was now strained that the
slightest incident might lead to a con-
flict and bloodshed.
Speaker pro tenn Hoch interrupted the
Governor to ask if it would not be fair
for each side to agree to vacate the hall
pending n settlement of the difficulty.
The Governor said he would consider
no compromise and no appeal from the
Republicans, If the Republicans would
not surrender, then he would be forced
to order the militia to drive them from
the hall Mt the point of the bayonet. A
voice from the seats asked: "Will you
abide by the decision of the courts?'
The Governor declined to reply and left
the hall.
Since the inauguration of the Populist
movement the State militia has received
but little official attention. The appoint
ment of Adjt.-Gen. Artz was confirmed
only yesterday.
He is not very conversant with military
affairs and during the excitement of the
day he served more in the capacity of
an orderly to Gov. Lewelling, comman-
der-in-chief, than in high military au-
thority. The only capable officer of rank
on the ground is Col. ]. w. F. Hughes.
To him late in the afternoon Adjt. Gen
Artz delivered an order to assume COM
mand of all officers and men of the Kan
sas National Guard assembled in Topeka
and around the State House, and upon
receiving the order Col. Hughes at once
took charge and brought order out of
chaos
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

UNDER the present laws of Wisconsin
no license is required as a prerequisite
to marriage, and that state has become
.Gretna Green for couples from ad-
joining communities where Cupid is
securely shackled. The facility with
which the marital knot is tied there has
given the Badger state a celebrity in
this respect equal to that enjoyed by
South Dakota in divorces, and has been
of material profit to hotels, railroads
and clergymen by attracting anxious
lovers from across the border. The
readiness with which seekers for matri-
monial bliss have been made happy in
Wisconsin has, however, not been I'M
attended by scandal. At recent meet
ing of the Ministers association of Mil
waukce, movement was initiated
looking toward the enactment of more
stringent marriage laws. Popular senti-
ment appears to favor the movement,
and it is believed that the present legis,
lature will not adjourn without taking
effective action on the subject.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
CLEARING SALE.

In order to close
out all our heavy
winter clothing for
men, boys and chill
dren. together with a
large stock Of Suits,
Overcoats and VI
sters which were con-
signed to us from a
large New York man
ufacturing firm, we
made the prices on
them very low. If
you have been too
late in purchasing
your winter clothing
you now have a very
good opportunity to
secure great bargains.
A trial will convince
you how cheap you
can now buy your
clothing at the
Boston Clothing Store,
No t1S East Man Street,
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
n. Il. & 4. Railroad Time Table
Dec H. 1892
NAUGATUCK DIVISION


NET YcRK-8o5; $50, :a}, 1880 a, n les
3:!5, 50 pm: Sunday 4:l5 p. m. Return.
5:O1. 500. 1000 a -. 100, a:02, SOC p. NJ
Sunday Sol a. M.
NEW HAVEN via Naugatuck Jurction--7:sn,
S:26, q. m. :2S, 3:sh. 5:53 y. m Via Derby
Junction-6O$, s: 6, 1850 a. m: / 2S 3:25
53 p. m. Return-va Naugatuck Junction
IS p. m... sunday 500 n. m. Via Derby
Junction, 700, o45 a, M, 1900, 20, 5 80, 40
p. m.
BRlDGEPoRT-c:o 7:so, 1928, 1850. r 10 =, l:2s,
S:25, $3.50 p. m. Sunday 4:15 ,. IN. Return
--7:O5, $40 a. m; 1900, 2:2S, $50, 7:47 D.
ANsoNiA16;SS, 7:$o, 8:a6 1850, s. m. les, s:as.
$50, 7oo, lmixeg p; M. Sunday 4:15 p. m,
s:1o, SEQ p. m: Sunday s.4s a. m.
T:0i p: m. Saturday 9:15 p. N. Return
6:25, 7:55, 1920 a. M, $50, 4:40 $50
p. m. Saturday 7:35 n. m.
rUOMASTON--S:92, 11:i2. a. NJ, 3t2, 6:5o, 9:cC,
p m. Sunday 9:25 a. m. Raturn--7:OS, 7;Eb
1923, a. M, s:55, SEQ p. III. Sunday 3:4;,
rotRINGToN;-s:8a lie a. M, s:s2, 6:59 900
pm. sunday 9:2>. Return-G:i7 73l
WINSTED-s:32, 11:i2 .. m. sag G:t9, 900 !,
N. Sunday 9:2) a. m. Returu--G:3o, rio
$50 a. M, 2;05, 4:42 p. sunday 10 pm.
LUCIUS FUTILE, General Manager.
CT. HEMPSTEAD General Pass Agent
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

New YORK, Feb. 16,-Charles F. Chick
ering, head of the piano firm of Chicken
ing Sc Sons, who died two years ago leav-
ing a name that was synonymous with
honesty and integrity, was charged yes
terday in the Supreme Court before Judge
Andrews, by his brother, George II.
Chickering, with having embezzled money
of the piano firm.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

1t is announced that the Phillips
Brooks memorial fund exceeds $40, 600.
Only 5000 is required.
Gov. Flower has signed the bill repeal
ing the law providing for a chief inspector
of police i'll New York city. Also the bill
appropriating IS, OOU for "a fish hatchery
on Cold Spring creek, Steuben
county.
-Whitelaw Reid and D. o. Mills of New
York have arrived in San Francisco and
will spend the winter In Marion county,
Lady Aberdeen is making tour of the
South of Ireland to arrange for exhibits
of Irish industry at the Worlds Fair.
1t is announced in Brooklyn that DAN
ny Richardson has been signed by Mana
ger Byrne of the Brooklyn Baseball club
to play second base In the place Of Ward,
who goes to Ne" YJrK.
Tho steamer Empress of China at
Vancouver brings news from Japan that
struggle is going on between the
lower House of the Diet and the EN-
peror's Cabinet and that House sittings
have been suspended for Is days
The powder mill of E. ]. MoCabe s.
90, of Verona, Pa, exploded last even
ing, killing one man and injurIng several
others.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
The presid ent or to Shoot DncNs.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 1G.-The President
left Washington yesterday afternoon for
Benjies, Md, to spend Il few days in
duck shooting there. He was accompan-
led by ex-senator Scwall, of New Jersey,
his companion on Il number of similar
trips. The President will be the guest of
of the club at BenjeS.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

The unlimited powers and privileges
asked by the Horse Railroad Co in its
petition for charter revision must not be
granted, in justice to the taxpayers of
Waterbury. The DEMOCRAT holds that
the doctrine of home rule applies to this
particular case. The Horse Railroad Co
failed in its attempt to secure in fee
simple from the court of common coun.
Gil the right to use electricity as mo.
tive power, privilege for which the
city should derive "a revenue, and now
asks for extraordinary powers from the
general assembly which, if granted, will
practically place the city at the mercy
OF the corporation which it created, By
theIprovisions of the proposed revision
of the charter, it will he observed, the
company guards itself against competi.
ton OF any sort. The DEMOCRAT is not
opposed to the Horse Railroad Co, no,
the trolley system, but the company
should be willing to share its profits
with the city, should pay its asst s..
ments for paving, and finally should
submit all matters pertaining to grade
etc, to the people of Waterbury, who
alone are interested in the matter.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

LEAvENwoRTH, Kan, Feb. 16 A ire
mendous meeting of citizens of all parties
was held last night in Chickering hall,
this city, to endorse the action of the
Douglass House at Topeka. Mayor
Hooker presided, and Hon. Edward Car
roll, John Harmon, E. N. Morrell, D. R.
Anthony, and NJ. w. Hook made speeches
strongly endorsing the action of the
House in taking possession of and holding
representative Hall.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
Thorouchbrcds to be EXEMPT.

OTTAWA, Feb 16.-The Dominion gov
eminent received information last night
from Washington that the United States
Government has decided to exempt from
the 80 days quarantine all Canadian
thoroughbred cattle intended for exhibit
ton at the Worlds Fair.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

BUSINESS generally throughout last
week exhibited a healthy tone, though
checked in some sections by unfavor-
able weather. Trade in the northwest
particularly, suffered from cold and
storms, blockades of grain and other
merchandise in transit having occurred
in some places. The cutting off of in
terror merchants from centers of supply
by the severe weather has resulted in a
general clearing out of stocks and orders
are now expected to come with unusual
freedom. Pig iron prices show signs OF
reviving. Steel billets have advanced,
also wheat, oats, leather, hides, rubber
groceries, live cattle and. hogs. A ten
dency to decline was seen in cottons
tobacco, corn. pork and lard. Eastern
textile mills showed less activity. Col
lections, except where interfered with
by the weather, are generally easy and
a good spring trade is promised.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
Gresham May Not Attend.

CHICAGO, Feb. 16.-'I do not know
when l shall resign my position on the
Federal Bench" said Judge Gresham,
'for the reason that l have large
amount of business to get through, and
it would be utterly impossible for me to
fix any date now. 1 have so much work
to do that 1 may not be able to go to
Washington TO be present at the inaugur-
alton of Mr.. Cleveland. -
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
Durcau Declared Not Guilty.

BUFFALO, Feb. 1G.-The jury in the
trial of James Duggan, for election
frauds, came in with a verdict of not
guilty. The verdict was received with
cheers and hand clapping by the crowd
which filled the court room, and it was
some minutes before order was restored
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

THE proposition that the state shall
pay 5000 to the lawyers and wit
nesses in the quo warranto suits result
ing from the deadlock in the last general
assembly is outrage Gus. In the first
place there is some doubt as to whether
the state is responsible for the claim;
and secondly, the amount demanded
seems excessive. The proposed division
of the lump, $50, 900 to the lawyers and
$15, 900 for witness fees and other ex-
penses, make the whole thing look like
a grab. And representative men of both
parties are identified with it! Senator
Root offered resolution yesterday,
which was a move in the right direction,
requiring an itemized bill on the claim.
He took the ground that if the people
must pay the bills, they should in all
fairness have statement in detail that
they may know who receives the money
and for what purpose. Mr. Roots reso-
luton was tabled after n long dis
cussion and the report was finally sent
back to the committee ON appropria-
tions.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
SPLIT OVER GRESHAM.
The nlin"iS House Wcu;d Not Congrat
late Cleveland.

nc 1iIlhGtS 1HHuSS hGU a Not COnSratu
late Cleveland.
SPR:lGFINLD, Ill, Feb. 16.-The lower
i Cu~c of tie Legislature was throw
INTO an Nprour for half an hour Yesterday
y Ee.nber moving to su Spru the
dies tor he introduction OF 4 KS ,iutiol
;on. 'rl, u!atins President elect Clevc,,a, d
!pon The selection of Judge Gresham as u
member of his Cabinet.
Consideration of tn" res nlution WIS OPP
Ns d, but the yeas and nays Were de
Ii ;l,!rI, to the cu!'nrr:lsS. of the
:.':uN'ratS.
W, d great disturbances ana the vain
i .''i':~oi several .seltIr'nen TO eXpllin
e i r'1r,, th:' roll was He'd. r..,;lltiu :
a. Ht>f, OF the motion /, suspend the
Al - hy Il Vote vi G6 . -
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
The WYOMING Senatorial Fight.

CHEYENNE, Wyo., Feb. 16.-The ballot
for Senator resulted: John Charles
Thompson, DEM, "a; William Brown,
Pop, /; G. T. Beck, DEM, IA; f. E.
Warren, Rep, 7; G. D. Clark, Rep, 3
Necessary to choice, %.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16

PrTTsBURG, Feb 16.-The delegates in
attendance at the convention of Com
mercial Telcgraphers continued their
deliberations yesterday behind closed
doors. The principles of the organization
and the methods of working were the
subjects discussed at the morning session.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
Girls on II orscnaok for Cleveland.

BALTIMORE, Feb. 1G.-Gcneral Bradley
T. johnson, chief marshal of the Mary
land division at the inauguration parade
proposes to have 200 or more young
women from Western Maryland on horse
back. They are all good riders.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
Took Poison for His Cough.

KINGSTON, N. Y, Feb 16.-Willis Case,
q veterinary surgeon and farmer living
near here, swallowed some aconite, mis-
taking it for cough medicine. He died
before physician could be summoned.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
SICK since

"Whcnever begin to feel over-taxed,
mentally or physically, take this RENE
dy, and so keep in perfect health and
spirits. 1 find it makes the skin soft
and wonderfully improves the complex
ion. 1t increases the appetite and pre-
duces natural and peaceful sleep.
This testimony is gratefully and
willingly given in the hopes that it will
benefit others. l will gladly communi
cate with those desiring it, substantial
ing this
Now leaving aside the question of
good health, strength and spirits, how
much better it is for women to keep
their complexion pure and clear, their
cheeks plump and rosy and their eyes
bright by the use of this wonderful
vitalizer and invigorator for blood and
nerves, DR. Greene's Nervura blood and
nerve remedy The testimony of thou
sands of women corroborates the words
of Miss Holland. All druggists keep this
remedy for 81, and 1t is purely vege-
table and harmless.
In fact, DR. Greenes Nervura blood
and nerve remedy is the prescription
and discovery of a physician, DR. Greene,
of 80 West 18th ST, N. Y, the successful
specialist in curing all forms of nervous
and chronic diseases. He can be con-
suited in any case free of charge, perso-
nally or by letter.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
NOTICE.

All persons indebted to me are reouested
to make payment to DR.. A. R. Morgan. 80
Leavenworth street, or to E. s. Spraoue,
agent Worlds Fair Tourist Co., Room d
over post Office. No others authorized.
E. P. GREGORY, M. d.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
NOTICE,

Having started first class Laundry
where you can get your Laundry done in
first class style, would a k of all who
read this notice to give me trial 1870
East. Main street.
w. FL. McKEAG
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-02-16
P-ENMA NS.HIP,
PROF HOLLEY

Teaches every pupil to write a fine, rapid bust
ness hand In course of 16 private lessons and
NO FAILURES. All kinds of pen work executed
in the highest degreesofsthe art.
107 BANK STREET.
The Yellowstone journal. [volume] (Miles City, Mont.) 1893-1901, 1893-06-23

This morning the wind blew a pretty
stiff gale. and during its prevalence the
residents Of the north east por lon Of the
city heard a loud crash. Looking toward
the grounds of the Niles City pasc Ball
and Athletic association It was discov-
cred that the noise was produced by the
falling uf the grand stand and d portion
of the fence.
In looking over the wreck it was found
that the stand had tipped over. the back
not suffering any material injury. but
the seats and roof were somewhat
mashed. and il will require considerable
work and some new lumber to replace it.
Three panels Of the fence on the east
side, about half way between the stand
and the northeast corner were blown
bodily down. n post being broken off.
The grand stand had no foundation. be
ing place on blocks on the ground. and
the fact that it turned over is not sur.
prising.
The Yellowstone journal. [volume] (Miles City, Mont.) 1893-1901, 1893-06-23

The ladies society of the Episcopal
church met at the residence Of Mrs. W.
S. Smell yesterday afternoon. and had a
most pleasant meeting.
This being the annual session Of the
organization. the election of officers was
necessary. and resulted as follows:
President-Mrs. w. S. Smell.
Vice Prest Mrs W. II. Trowbridge.
Mrs. n. p. OsgOod.
Treasurer-Mrs. W. l.. Avery.
Directors Mrs. J. NJ. Holt. Mrs. II.
G. Potter. Mrs. c. S. Whitney and Mrs.
Fannie McGurk.
\ vote of thanks was rendered the re
firing president. Mrs. }. S. Towers, for
the able and efficient manner in which
she has during the term Of her Office.
conducted the affairs of the society.