davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
FIRST OF THE DINING CARS.
Said to Have Been Improvlsed In 1853
from an Ordinary Day Coach.

Said to Have Been Improvsed In 1853
from an Ordinary Day Coach.
A great deal of dispute has arisen
at different times concerning the first
dining cars and when they were first
used and on what roads The Pitts
burg Post gives the following as hay
ing been derived from man who Is
represented as well-kn0wn electri-
clan and chemist, but whose name,
unfortunately, is not given. The
first dining cars run In this country,
or any other for that matter, were
run between New York and Chicago
via the Northern Central, Grand
Trunk and Michigan Central in the
year 1853. The officers of these DIFF
ferent companies met in New York
in the spring Of that year, and among
other things discussed was the feas-
Utility Of running dining car over
the connecting lines, especially on
one train known as the lightning ex-
press, which ran between New York
and Chicago. Trains as fast as this
one were compelled to make two
stops for meals while making the run
-one at Marshall's, the other at
Jackson, twenty minutes for each
meal, making forty-one minutes Of
valuable time lost
After discussing the question for
some time it was finally decided to
try 1t. The seats were taken out OF
the ordinary coach and tables put
along either side, with stools fastened
to the floor, giving 1t the appearance
of a restaurant. The rear half of the
baggage car was fitted up to answer
the purpose Of kitchen and there
the cooking was done. Some trouble
was experienced In bringing the food
from one car to the other, and when
crossing the platform the cinders
would rain down on the headEof the
waiter and into the dishes he was
carrying. Sometimes the waiter In
trying to hurry across the platform
would strike the side OF the door
with his tray, spill the dishes and
narrowly avert falling from the train
himself. The first advancement was
made In the walters, the company
after awhile being very particular to
get those Of certain color, all of !
about one size and good-looking. The
car was success from the start,
meals being 30 cents each. The
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
InIteraoY in Georcin.

The new school census of Georgia
contains some interesting figures.
The illlteracy among the whites Is IL
per cent and among the blacks 27.
There has been an increase In the
school population during the last five
years Of s per cent In Atlanta the
increase has been 23 per cent. The
percentage Of illiterates among the
white children In that city is only /;
among the colored 1t Is II. Savannah
makes even better showing only
one white child in each 400 being I'M
able to read and write, while nine
colored children in every 100 are illit-
crate. In the whole State there are
4,605 white schools and 1850 schools
for blacks. The total school popula-
tion Is 6O4, 071, Of whom 315, Gao are
white scholars and $50, 03l are black.
For 1893 the school fund to be ap-
portioned is 1903, 675.S1. To this
will be added 5000, 900 obtained from
poll taxes. While the census was be-
Ing taken the enumerators also put
down the number OF children who
have inflrmities. Outside of the In
stitutions there are 1873 blind whites,
1872 deaf and dumb whites, 142 col
ored blind, 175 deaf and dumb blacks.
The idiots, white and black, In the
State number $50. ,f n
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
No Calculation of that Sort.

After the battle of Pittsburg Land.
ing and General Grants complete VIC
tory at that place, General Buell., a
thorough soldier, began criticising in
friendly way the impolicy of his
having fought battle with the Ten
nesee River behind him.
"Where, if beaten, could you have
retreated, General" asked Buell..
81 didn't mean to be beaten" was
Grants sententious reply.
But suppose you had been defeated
despite all your exertions%
"Well, there were transports to
carry the remains of the command
across the river"
"But, General" urged Buell., "your
whole transports could not contain
over ten thousand and it would be
impossible for them to make more
than one trip in the face of the
enemy"
"Well, if I had been heaten," said
General Grant, pausing to light an
other cigar as he spoke, transports
ton for ten thousand would have been
abundant for all that would be left Of
u.s."
This anecdote is eminentlY charact-
eristic, the data for the proper APP
probation of it being that General
Grant had about fifty thousand men
over the river.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Tho Yearling TIelfcr.

The hefer with her first calf is but
half calf, as the saying goes, She Is
but at the dawn Of her development
for the purposes Of the dairy. 1t Is
at this point that the necessity Of
careful and prudent management
steps in. The man entrusted with
the development of a COW for the
first year of her milking impresses
his defects or excellencles on her
milk production ever after. At this
period the heifer's teats are inclined
to be small, but II the man handling
her at this period is a competent
person these will be enlarged to their
normal size under his manipulation
and remain so during her life This
Is the critical point In the heifer's
career II she is to grow into a profit
able dairy COW, and should impress
on the dalryman the Importance Of
having her looked after in an intelll-
gent manner. She should be man
aged by careful person who possesses
her confidence In the fullest degree
and whose method Of treatment is
acceptable to her This is the point
where to avoid the mistakes Of the
past that you committed In the train
ing you used with your former year
ling heifers American Dairyman.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Selecting Cows.

In selecting cows for dairy purposes,
care should be taken to get them Of
a uniform type il possible. The head
small and lean, eyes full and mild,
neck full and thin, backbone promi-
nent and open between joints, hips
wide, legs short and fine boned, bar
rel well rounded and large, deep
through behind the shoulders to give
plenty room for heart and lungs, I'D
der large, running well forward and
back, teats, short, but thick and wide
apart. Avoid those whose udder
shows a tendency to collapse after be-
ing MIXED. Such cows are usually
large mixers and may be set down
as thin mixers. The skin should be
soft and mellow to the touch, covered
with thick, soft hair, Do not mis-
take size for constitution A COW
weighing nine hundred pounds is as
large as care for.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19

souse, chew more tobacco and do more
growing than any two men in the
ship. Jerry had no previous expert
ence in his duties, having rated to the
position a day or two after he came
aboard; and great was the merriment,
fore and aft, at the dismal squeaks he
elected from his boatswain's whistle
when ordered to call away boat or
pipe call hands up anchor;' or in the
richest brogue bawl out Dye hear,
FORE an aft, the meal-bag will lave to-
morrow mornin, an that'll be an oppor-
thunity to sind away letthers!" Jerry,
however, was good-natured and gen
orally bore all the fun at his expense
without remonstrance; but ON one oc-
casion the laugh was so uproarious
against him that, if possible, he would
never permit any alluslon to it. Some
men of his watch were at work down
in the fore-hold breaking out provis-
ions, when duty on deck required a few
more hands. Jerry went to the fore
hatch and sung out:
"Forre-hould, therep
"Hallo," came up from the depths.
GLOW many of yez is there down
there?"
"Ihree of u.s."
"Come up the half of yez"
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
How to Make insect Powder.

There are few people who have
any idea to what extent the
flowers Of Chrysanthemum cinarari-
gfolium are cultivated in Dalmatia,
for the sole purpose of making the
powder which has such a reputation
as an insect destroyer The whole of
the supply of these flowers has hither-
to been derived from the Austrian
province of Delmatia and the neigh
boring state, Montenegro, Trieste
is the market to which these flowers
are brought and from whence they
are distributed to the average annual
value of e40,0 600 to ESQ, 900. The
plant Is one that is easily cultivated
in any kind of soil and almost any
climate. Within quite recent years
it is said to have been introduced
into Australia, California, and South
Africa, in each of which its cultiva-
tion on an extended scale for COM
mercial purposes is contemplated. In
the neigbOrhod Of Berlin it is also
stated that the plant is grown largely
but up to the present time Dalmatia
is the chief source from whence Eu-
rope and America draw their princi-
pal supplies The harvest commences
at the beginning Of June, and in the
face Of the report that the plants had
suffered much from the severity Of
the past winter the crops are looked
forward to with much anxiety
Gardeners Chronicle.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Secure Fastening Tor a Gate.

In the far west, barnyard is
called by the Spanish name, corral
A gate to corral that is proof
against being opened by swine or cat
tie should always be provided, One
that is excellent for security and
that can be easily constructed by any
farmer is shown in the illustration
taken from the American Agricultur-
ist 1t may he Of any desired width,
but II over three feet wide, it should
be provided with a diagonal brace,
extending from the lower hinge
corner to the opposite upper corner,
The gate is made Of one-inch lumber,
four inches wide, with bottom pieces
six inches Wide. The vertical cleats
on the sides are double, and secured
by wrought or wire nails driven clear
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Farm Notes,

THE margin of profit in farming is
too small to admit Of any unneces-
sary waste.
INCREASING the size Of the pieces
Of seed potatoes increases the yield;
result OF three years trial.
SOFTEN up the collars of the work.
ing teams bv pounding with a stick
and kneading with the hands
EVERY farmer should feed his
products so as to make all the manure
possible, and then apply 1t wisely.
PLENTY of shade and fresh water
are needed during the hot spells.
Keep the water in the shade and re-
new frequently.
WITH really good roads, the farmer
six miles from town or the railroad
station would find the cost OF trans
portatiOn no more than one now three
miles away.
THE foundation for success in
live stock farming lies In the econom-
ical production and use of feeding
stuffs Then, given good stock, the
problem is pretty nearly solved.
IT has been found at EllerslIe, Mr.
MOrtOn's famous Guernsey farm, that
one acre OF ground will produce en-
silage for from three to five COWS,
while 1t takes two acres to produce a
similar supply Of hay.
TIE total yield, or the yield Of
straw and grain, was some fifteen per
cent greater on the plats irrigated
at night and the ratio Of straw to
wheat was therefore much greater on
the plat irrigated at night.
The beginner Is specially warned
against spending his money for any
novelties in bees unless he wishes to
test them in comparison with what
are recognized as the best, and can
afford to spend money for such pur.
poses
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Not In #,

I'VE fellows who served during the
war;" said the colonel, weren't in it
with the latter generation. The young
fellows who have graduated from West
Point since the war can give us points
and beat us getting rid of responsible
lty for arms, etc. Desertion was for
several years after the war the curse OF
the new army life. In Arizona, or in
the Northwest, where one didn't see
anything except the members of the
company for months at time, wasn't
o delightful experience by any means.
The moment fellow was missing an
inventory of the company property was
made and every article missing was
charged to the poor devil on the mus
ter roll. They told the story ON one
company commander that he charged
a deserter with three sabres, five car.
bines, six blankets, horse, three
mules, and a underground mountain
howitzer. The fellow was caught about
a year afterward and when he found
that he would have to serve ten years
without pay to pay for those things, he
blew his brains out"
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19

had been in one stolen from me) were
three or four chunks Of fat pork, hard
tack, bolivars, cheese, cigars, and q
deck of cards, in juxtaposition with
each other, as there is but one COM
partment in haversack. l bought o
rope from farmer and improvised q
bride, and off we went.
Thus relieved of burden of twenty
five or thirty pounds, walking became
comparative sinecure. The mule had
had all the freshness knocked out Of
him by hard work on train wagon,
and was quite tractuble. Finding,
after two hours walk, that we were
gaining too rapidly on the column,
and fearing that if we caught up with
them our idea of army discipline might
not coincide with that Of the command
ing officers, we halted. While we were
sitting in the shade, complimenting
ourselves upon our good fortune, the
mule suddenly threw himself upon the
ground, and began, as mules are won't
to do when they want to rest their
muscles, to roll over several times,
still with our accoutrements upon his
back. 1 quickly jumped up md
grabbed the haversack. But it was
too late. The mule had accomplished
his fendish work. Somehow one Of
the muskets was discharged in the
rolling over process. The mule jumped
to his feet, and started on a gallop. 1
started in pursuit. did not want to
lose my musket and haversack, nor
the mule for that matter. Besides I
feared that if he reached camp thus
equipped, he would create sensation
that would have led to q disastrous
investigation.
Knowing a mules nature, l did not
coax him to stop, so he stopped sooner
than l anticipated. It was only when
my friend opened his haversack that
the full extent of the mules guilt was
discovered.l RThe pork, cheese, hard
tack, cigars: bolivars and n pack Of
cards had been ground into one con
crete mass ! always thought my
friend had been punished for refus-
ing to share with, inasmuch as the
cigars, cheese and bolivars had been
bought with my money, for Matha had
lost all of his in a sort of bunco game
at City Point. The contents of the
haversack had to be thrown away
Blue and Gray.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Glover as an Annual.

A writer in the American Agri-
culturlst claims a valuable discovery
In the fact that spring-sown clover
cut just after harvest has produced a
good crop of seed the same season. II
he had waited until spring he would
not be so enthusiastic, Treating
clover in this way seeding early on
rich land and cutting close to the
ground at midsummer, he changed
clover'into an annual. This is some
times done with other plants beets,
radishes, and carrot, but the plants
after seeding will at once die. What
is most needed With clover is to make
1t perennial. This to some extent
can be done by entirely preventing
seeding the second year This re-
quires several cuttings The plants
should not even be allowed to bios
som, for that also is exhaustive. -
American Oultivator.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Primitive illumination.

Very queer fish are caught In the
waters Of Puget Sound. One kind is
called the candle fish. 1t is dried
and packed in boxes like candles.
We are told the fishermen use them
to light their homes, and that at one
time all the boats on the Sound used
them instead Of sperm oil lamps.
BY putting the heads of the fish
downward In q candle-stick and light
ing the tail, which, In conjunction
with the backbone, acts as a wick, 1t
burns like a candle. They eat this
fish, and when cooking 1t is so fat it
fries ITSELF
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Tho tsSiEul SKUNK.

The true usefulness OF the skunk
is fast becoming understood. When
the sun sinks low and the injurious
worms begin to feed and cut the corn
the skunk, holding his head down to
the ground, walks slowly listening
intently at each plant, and, hearing
the movements Of the worm, he digs
it out with his snout and quickly
swallows it, of which a hundred
hardly sutiices for a meal. This ami
NAL has some disagreeable habits, it
is true but it is to be taken with all
its faults and made the best Of for
what it really is worth. New York
Times.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Mr.. SILVER DOLLAR BLAND.
How tho Father OF the Cart Wheel Coin
Got Interested IN Finance.

How tho Father OF the Cart Wheel Coin
Got Interested In Finance.
The most conspicuous figure in the
public eye during the deliberations
Of Congress on the silver question
was RiChald p, Bland, of Missouri,
Member Of Congress- Chairman of
the Coinage, Weights and Measures
Committee Of the last House of Rep
resentatives, and sponsor OF the sill
yer dollar which for nearly ten years
has borne his name. Chairman OF
the Coinage Committee In five sue
cessive Congresses, Mr. Bland fought
the fight OF free silver with a persist
ency that has made him world fam
Gus. So many have been the de-
mands on his time since this session
OF Congress began that he has liter
ally gone into hiding. 1t was In the
room Of the Coinage Committee In
the basement Of the Capitol that
New York Press correspondent saw
him. He was sitting at one end of a
long table busily writing with a stub
pen, There was hopeless-looking
mass Of letters before him. Mr..
Bland was making feeble effort to
answer some Of his correspondents.
The father Of the silver dollar had
his hat on and his coat off, and he
swung around In his chair as he
talked, Mr., BANDS beard is thick,
but closely trimmed. 1t was brown,
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Care Of Dairy Calves.

Prof. Robertson says that breed
and feed are to COW like two wings
to a bird-one alone Is Of but little
use. A rule that will apply to a ma
ture cow ought to apply with full as
much force to a young calf. A calf
may have descended from a good
strain of animals, those possessed of
good milk and butter qualities and
yet be injured in bringing up A
calf may be injured by extremes in
feeding, by feeding too much of too
concentrated food and by feeding too
little OF poor food. We have seen
numerous instances Of the latter
treatment, and carried a little too
far for the health and even the life
of the calf. AS a rule, we are favor
able to a natural course unless IL is too
uncertain and expensive, and believe
that the milk as it comes from the
cow is fully as beneficial as any arti-
fetal food that can be produced; hut
the question Of profit after a time
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Roofs in the Tropics.

In the interior of Ceylon the ma.
tives finish walls and roofs with q
paste Of slaked lime, gluten and alum,
which glazes and Is so durable that
specimens three centuries old are now
to be seen. On the Malabar coast
the fiat bamboo roofs are covered
with mixture of cow-dung, straw
and clay. This Is a poor conductor
Of heat and not only wlthstands the
heavy rains to o remarkable degree,
but keeps the huts cool in hot
weather. In Sumatra the native
women braid coarse cloth of palm
leaves for the edge and tops Of the
roofs. Sharks skins form the roofs
Of fishermen In the Andaman Islands.
The Malays Of Malacca, Sumatra and
Java have roofing of attaps, pieces
Of palm leaf wicker work, about three
feet by two in size and an inch thick,
which are laid like shingles aud are
practically waterproof The Arabs
Of the East Indies make a durable
roof paint Of slaked lime, blood and
cement. Europeans sometimes use
old sails--made proof against water,
mold and insects by paratiine and
corrosive sublimate--for temporary
roofs.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19

comes In and the cream can be better
employed than in making calves so
after one gets fair start skim milk
may be employed with dry ground
oats The oats are fed dry so as TO
secure a healthy degree Of salvation
which by aiding digestion ensures a
healthysystem and stimulates growth.
A regular healthy development Of a
calf is likely TO prove far more salts
factory than an abnormal and UNI
natural development Germantown
Telegraph.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19
Frost Iniurlng Wheat.

DIR. Galen Wilson gives some good
practical advice in the New York
Tribune about sowing wheat and
clover. He advocates compact seed
bed which experience has proven best
for wheat But when he attempts
to give the reason he falls into error.
He says truly Frost heaves clover
only when the soil is deep and soft"
but he adds, "Like wheat roots,
those of clover penetrate the COM
pact undersoil, and frost has no eff
feet" We have often seen clover
roots snapped at the surface Of the
ground by FROST while the lower part
of the root was held in frozen soil
1t is not that the compact subsoil
holds the wheat or clover root firmly
that saves wheat and clover from
winter killing. The shallow seed bed
in fall with a compact strata beneath
it prevents the wheat root from 60
ing deeply. So soon as the young
roots strike this hard pan they branch
out horizontally. The top also does
the same, making the spreading
habit of growth" which all growers
OF winter wheat so much desired.
Then, when cold weather comes this
mellow seed bed is generally raised
in body with its wheat roots spread
out and not much injured. The
lower strata is only mellowed by
freezing, and In the spring the wheat
roots that have wintered without in
jury strike down into the subsoil
often to great depths. They ought
not to do so In the fall.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19

through and clinched. A sliding bar,
n, with peg b extending through for a
handle, is notched on the upper side,
and placed between two Of the gate
bars Two cleats, C, of Ike inch
stuff are nailed across two bars on
the hinge side Of the gate. To these
cleats drop catch, d, is fastened by
wooden pin, so that it will allow
the sliding bar to traverse beneath.
When the sliding bar is pushed for
ward into mortise in the post, the
catch falls into the notch, and no
COW or horse can possibly remove it.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1893-10-19

slightly touched with gray. His eye
brows are bushy. His voice in con-
versatlon, like his voice In speaking,
is a little hoarse, but has very little
Of the twang which is so noticeable
in his oratory. He is quick and
easy talker
Mr.. Bland has been a member Of
the House for more than twenty
years Before he came to Washing
ton he had practiced law In Missouri
and before that he bad been resi-
dent Of Utah, Nevada and California
and interested in mining. 'My in
terest in public finance did not begin
until / came to Congress-" said he
al had studied political economy, but
not financial matters especially
When / first came to Congress the
financial question was overshadowed
by sectional and war issues. l be-
came actively connected with the
silver question in the Forty-fourth
Congress. 1t was then first discov-
cred that the suspension of silver
coinage had been enacted In 1873. A
bill for the deposit of bullion was
sent to the Committee ON Mines and
Mining, of which was chairman, by
Gen. Banks, Of Massachusetts. 1t
provided for the deposit of gold and
silver bullion and the issue of certia-
Gates, These were not made legal
tender; but the authors OF the bill
thought that they would 90 into cir
culation something like certified
checks. Out of that bill we made a
free coinage measure. That was the
commencement Of my connection
with the financial question. | have
given It much study ever since"