davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

CHICAGO. Nov. 2S-Cattle receipts 400 head;
shipments 900 head market sluggish; top
price 8 IN for choice steers; good steers s. bOa
al Is: others So 2jni -; Texans 81 jOa3 a. Hogs,
receipts $1,000 head; shipments 5000 head; mar.
ket lOal5c lower; good packers 81 20n5 d; prime
heavy s. 5Oaj So choice butchers s. CO: sorted
light s. Ijaj 80. Sheep, receipts ll,000 head:
shipments 1000 head; market steady; natives
s! GJaG IS; westerns s. SOa3 -; lambs S!5Oai 20.
CINcTNSATI, o., Nov. 2S-Hogs easier at 81 7ja
) ij; receipts $500 head: shipments 700 head,
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

on CITY. Pa. Nov. 2S-Opcned 74T.c; highest
7jc: lowest 74JEc: closed 71c sales il.OUO barrels:
clcarances 81 100 barrels shipments l275SJ bar
res: runs 97.27J barrels,
New YORK, Nov. IS Petroleum more active
and steady; Pennsylvania oil spot, sales none;
December option sales 5000 barrels; closed at
7jc bid.
PITTSBURGH. PA, Nov. 2S-Market dull, moth.
ing doing; 7jc bid.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

TWAS so much troubled with catarrh
IL seriously effected my voice. One
bottle Of Ely'a Cream Balm did the
work. Ny voice is fully restored.-B.
I. t.iepsnar. 4. VI, Pastor Of the o!ivet
Baptist church, Philadelphia, Pa
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

LONDON, Nov, 2S.-The annual con-
ference OF the Conservative Association
opened to-day at Cardiff, Sir Stafford
Northcote presiding, Lord Dunrayen
was elected president for the ensuing
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

for any trace OF Autipyrene, Morphine.
Chloral or any injurious compound in
Krause's Headache Capsules. % cents.
Sold by Alex I. Young, John Klari,
Wheeling, and Bowie & Co., Bridgeport,
Ohio.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
WheeIInu & Elm Grove RaIlr0ad.

On aud after Saturday. OggoDssl 1, IsJ-. F4,lt
will run rs follows city time:
LEAVE wHEELfSG-'j:jD u m, 100 a. M, s:0
a. M. 900 H. m. lO:0)A m ll;O1 a. a., 300 n.
'e9 p. IN. 500 p "a SOD p "a, 100 p N, 1;D
p ~. b:0Op N, 7;DD p. IN. SOD p, m, 9'j) .
IL. 100 .. N.
LEAVE Elm GRovE-'6s00a m, 4:OlA "a. S;ll
z m. OJa n. 1900 a N. ll;O0 . NJ l.:j) n.
90 =, m. 200 p. n.. 800 p. n 4:cJ n n, 1;l
p. IA. 500 .. n, 700 p. N, SOD p 10. 9;lGp
M. 10 l0p, IN.
eDail except sunday.
suSbAY-Church lrainS lesyo Elm Grove 1:
e:I8 4 IN aud Wheeling az l,.i7 p. %.
IL I Wl.lsGERBER,
oc1 Geuesll ManagaE
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
Metals.

New YoRK, Nov. 20.-Pls iron quiet; Amer,
lean sl2 OOnlI 50. Copper strong; lake $40 TO-
Lead easier domestic s. 80 Tin, easier;
6tratChtS S23Jd
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
Wheeling Bridge & Terminal Ry.

Time Table No. 10 to take cicc. 1901 a. N,
SUNDAY November 10 ISL

Time Table No 10 to take clec. l,:ll a. N,
SUNDAY November 10 isli
Leave wheciluG--ts;JJ ig:l9, 2li:Il m, t1:2),
oslo. ti:J 300 p ~.
Leave PcninsuiG-is:D5. 1851 sll:i5 q. m.,f2::6.
e3:1l ti.1i i9:Oj j.. ~.
Leave Marlin lcry-is:l2, t3:j5, lll:jla u. m.
t3:81 oS:gi ~ sy;l2
Arrive TgFmiunl Iluction-fsl7 tlgUJ, sll:b
a. m. tl:as. '5:3, flsil. t9;.B ~ m
Leave Terminal JuEcgpu-l5.2't 1900, 4 M,
el1:lJ, a. ~. tJ:j9, is.Uj iJ:li. Is 80 p. ~.
Leave Mar'ius ferry-i7:2s sj.ll n,lr., ol9:H
siOi. ti:lO ta:ln ts:ba y. m
Leave Peniu5ula--f5;3l t1.l+am, 'i2:jl, li;ll,
t4sl7. tj:-b. to;iS D. IN.
Arrive Vince lpg-i7:i0, g9.D a m, 'l2;jh
Fi:l7. H:2j ti5l 1870 p. M,
oDaily tDAily except SUNDAY. 551nlAyy 1ulY.
All tyglus will run on Eastern IiNe
]. Z LAIfs.IM .lnnrL nlnnlnn.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
FINANCE AND TRADE.
Tho Features of tho Money and Stock
Markets.

Tho Features OF thS money ana StocK
Markets.
NEW YORK, Nov 2S.-MoneY on call easy Mt
IA per cent; last loan IL per cent closed at
" per cent. Prime mercantile paper ia5%
per cent. Sterling exchange firm at 81 S2a4 50.
Sales were 2si.G0O shares
The depression which marked the speculation
IN the industralS yesterday. and which effected
the railway list TO q limited extent. was In force
again this morning In the industrial group, but
did not make Il very serious impression on the
res, OF the market and even the industriHlS re-
covered the greater portion OF the l9sset which
were made in the early dealings and displayed
reserve power that was unexpected. The
heulthneSs OF the generalmarket could not have
received more thorough test Und could not
have stood It more unfinchingly During yes
terday and this morning the value OF one sec
lion OF the market kept tumbling around in
Wild disorder giving good excuse. II any were
needed, for sympathetic movement IN the
railway shares. But the invitation was not &c.
Ccptcd and the stCudlnrSs with which general
values were maintained is very ilnttcring 10 the
snundness OF the financial situation and the
stability OF the share list. Sugar was the most
mercurlnl stock OF to-day's market. and after
dropping 81 per cent u recovered "a. The rail.
way list opened firm but rccedcd small lrac'
ton In the carly dealings by reason OF the drOn
in tho industrinls The hcHvincsS was rs brief
as It was slight and during the rest OF the dag
the general market moved steadily upward on
moderate volume OF business, ahd BY eiiSy stages
closing strong at an advance Oh tue day Oi 1Aa3
per cent,
Railway bonds were somewhat irregular in
the early dealings, hut as the day wore along be-
came iirner and closed very strong.
Government aud state bonds strong and higher.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
,nttnn.


ciYcMxAIi, O., Nov. ?S.-Cotton quiet ant
firm: middllug nc.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

Some nervous people waste almost
half their time getting there too early.
Dallas Aeira
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
RAILROADS.
~ Pennsylvania statlOns.
VIBRRRSgIVdRid LINES.
Trains Run b. Central Time.

TrcaEr OFFICES At PENNSYLVANIA STAItoS o.
WATER ST FOoT or ELEVENTH ST, WHhELISd'
AT MCIuIE HOUSE,, WHEELING, AND At TnE
PENNEYLvANIA STATION. PRTpORPoRT.
Southwest sYSryH--"PGS HANDLE ROUTE"
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
Ladies and Children,


WILuANISPORT DICKINSON
" SEMINARY. wIlllamSport Pa Both
MSeS Regular and Elective 'courSeS. Fits tor
college Muslc. ART. Modern Languages. special.
leS Stclm neat. electric light Catalogue free
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

OHIO RIVER RAILROAD co.
On und after Monday, June 70. Passenger
Trains will run as follows 7paiy. fDAily TX
,ont Sunday Cpntrnl time,
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
RAILWAY time GARD.

Arrival and departure Of trains on aud after
November 10, lSJa. EXPLANATION OF REFggESCs
MARKS: 'Dnily; tsundav excepted; 'Nondny
excepted: saturday excepted. sunday only;
Saturday only. Eastern standard Time
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29

Hogs-Wcrr IN fair request ut 7jsasIsc for good
western, aud 7l5R714c for other grades.
Thin cows were dull at $40 UOa2j 90 per head.
Mich cows sold fairly well at $50 0OaG0 W per
head
Mich calves were In moderate request at 4ISa
7l9c.
dressed beeves were only in fair demand and
prices closed weak al GR7j4C.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1893-11-29
Philadelphia Live stoct Market.

light receipts were the only thing that kept the
market from going lower. The exports were,
per steamer Maine for London. p! head; per
steamer CarthaRenlan. for Glasgow, 800 head
nI,nr ArInN,a
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

beginning life over again to settle down in such town as Waterloo then was, a place of a few hundred inhabitants in the midst of an almost unbroken prairie whose soil had hardly been scratched by blow.
 The prospect was sufficiently uninvit- ing to make it almost certain that Mir Boies would never have gone there if it had not been for the sake of his wife, whose parents lived there and whose health he thought the change would ben eft. But his wife did not live long after they settled in Waterloo, and he was left a widower with one daughter. After time he married again, and his second wife also died leaving him three chil. dren, two sons and a daughter. Since then he has remained a widower.
 While waiting for clients Mir. Boies in. vested his savings in farming lands. His boyhood had been spent on farm in Erie county, and he thought he knew how to make agriculture pay. He did know how, and the fact that he now owns upward of 4, ,O00 acres, from which his income averages $10,0OO year, is an evidence of it.
 Governor Boies was a Republican uI to 1883, when he left that party because of its attitude on the question of prohi bition. He did not use liquor himself, but did not believe in restricting its use by legal enaCtments. His attitude at tracted the attention of the Democracy, who soon came to consider him an avail able candidate for governor, and in 1889 he was nominated and elected. In 1891 he was reelected by plurality of s,216 votes.
 Governor Boies was born at Aurora, Erie county, N. Y, in 1S27, and after a youth of considerable hardship and dearth of opportunities was admitted to the bar when 25 years of age. In 1858 he was member of the state legisla- ture, and in 1866 came very near being |, the opposition candidate to Grover Cleveland for district attorney of Erie, losing the Republican nomination by only two votes.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
TMe Onco HapnH Men.

W. H. Vanderbilt, some time prior to his death, spoke of himself as goner and said: "All this money isn't worth a rap. would give it all for your health" to which friend half laughingly and half seriously replied: Well, too much money is a nuisance. The happiest time in my life was when I was worth $3OO,- OOO." And the happiest time in my life," rejoined Vanderbilt, twas when I was working on my Staten Island farm" San Francisco Argonaut.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

since confined himself to that with great success
 In 1892 tho manager of the ( thattanooca Southern league team having heard of the young Cincinnati ball player ability. en- gagged him. and his judgment was con- frmed by the excellent showing made by Ryan, wnU Was sc-O-G -a base running ln the league, wltL percentage ot .5aS chances accepted. He was ra-engaged for the present season and played creditably until the smashup came. He will prOba- bly play with a National league club next year.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

jes is a highly educated young man and is an electrical engineer by profession.
 It is not true, as has been stated, that he is the champion of South Africa, out his profession being more lucrative than that of his fellow wheelmen in the faraway colony he was selected as the only one of the high grade riders who could spare the time and money necessary for the un- dertaking of trip to Chicago to partiCi- pate in the worlds championship contests at the Worlds fair.
 He is very fast, however. and has won several races since his arrival on American soil Although his forte IS at five miles. his most notable achievement was his win at half mile from Arthur Zimmerman in hard drive Neintjes is a member of the South African Wanderers club, but holds several English -l-U-1s L.twccn and = miles
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
A LITTLE CHAMPION.
Billy Trimmer, the Conqueror of Feather
 weight George Dixon.

Billy Plimmer's recent victory over the worlds featherweight champion, George Dixon, whom he 'bested' in scientific four round contest in New York, and the strong probability that the two little fel- lows will soon meet in a finish fight have caused the sturdy little Briton to be the most talked of man in the pugilistic circles of America
 Trimmer was born in England about 24 years ago. He came to this country in 1891 and will remain in New York perma- nently. He has fought 13 battles, but the number has not proved m unlucky one for him, for he has never met defeat, and in but
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

batSnan, b a S q runner and fielder. He was born in Mount Forest, Canada, Aug. ?, 1887, but moved tu Cincinnati when quit e youn z. There he began his baseball career by playing in various sitiOnN with amateur te a m S. He soon discover ed, however, that the second bag was his proper place and has
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
THEATRICAL TATTLE.

Daniel Sabel will star in Eagles Nest" assuming Edwin Arden's role.
 Katherine Florence enjoys the distinction of having assumed every female role in The Girl Left Behind Me"
 William II. Crane will begin his annual season at PittsburE Sept II, presenting Brother ,Iohu," which is the only play he will produce this season.
 Eleanor Barry goes with The Power of the Press company.
 Georgie Buzby has joined Marie Vain wright's forces
 George r. Nash will be the leading man with Joseph Jefferson
 Frau Materna. the celebrated imperso- nator of Wagnerian Characters. has entered into contract to sing in America. She will appear at the Philharmonic sOciety's concert in New York. Nov. I1, Then she will visit Boston, Philadelphia and Chicago.
 Nettie Bourne has accepted the position of leading lady with the Hands Across the Sea company.
 Charles B. Hanford opens his sel~on Oct. ? at Pott~town, Pa. His repertory will in clude Julius Cesar" "Nirginius," " The Merchant OfNcnice," Damon and Pythias, v "Ingomar" and Richard III"
 "Enemies For Life" Charles II. Elem ing's play, will be put on the road this season.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

and other cities, is a handsome, dark c O m pie Nionc d young fellow who stands 6 feet high, weighs about 170 poun d 8 and is 9 years of age. Aeintjes is a com parative novice, as he began to ride the wheel only two years ago, but the wonderful prog
 ress he has made gives promise of great things in the f11tt,ra Mir NTaiDt
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

one instance-when he fought kid" Hogan in Brooklyn-was he obliged to content himself with draw. Even then it was con ceded that Trimmer had all the best of the ''go'' and would have received the decision but for a misunderstanding on the part of the referee. Plimmers victory over the hitherto invincible Dixon was made more notable by the fact that he went out of his class to meet the Haligonian featherweight champion of the world
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
AS GOES THE WORLD.

But the thirsty of soul soon learn to know The moistureless froth of the social show; The vulgar sham of the pompous feast Where the heaviest purse is the highest priest; The organized charity, scrimped and iced, In the name of cautions, statistical Christ; The smile restrained, the respectable cant, When a friend in need is n friend in want; Where the only aim is to keep afloat, And brother may drown with cry in his throat
 John Boyle O'Reilly.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
Tube Works wiII Close.

READING, Pa, Sept. The tube works of the Reading Iron company will close down today indefinitely, throwing 100 men out oI work.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

t vice to the governorship of
 the state and re nominated for a third term. He had been a prac- ticing lawyer in Erie county, N. Y., for the 15 previous years and had managed to save a little money, but it was
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
A Rig Foundry Burned.

PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 1.-The immense building occupied by the Gray's Ferry Foundry and Boiler company was almost totally destroyed by fire.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
.AnotAcy Lrfke1 10 TTomer.

Anokhcr Lrfker 10 JTomer.
 May $, '92, Syracuse, N. Y.
 Dear Madam:
 "I want to tell you what your Tcgrfa6H C0MbOnUd and San ative Wash have done for me.
 "I was so bad with falling of the womb and LeuCorrhea that 1 could not stand.
 II had doctored so much without benefit 1 was entirely discouraged. expected to die,
 "One evening l read in the Herald about your medicine. got some, and took ? bottles of the Compound, and used one of the Sanative Wash.
 "I am now we'll and strong, am never troubled with either of the complaints. If more
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
A Woman Burned to Death.

PAXTON, Ills, Sept. Mrs William Nelson was riding in a buggy when her clothes caught fire from a match, and they were burned from her body. She expired in d few moments.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
DO YOU WEAR SHOES I

Of course you do. We'll then ean at James Grants, ,286 South Main street. By so doing you can save a dollar. Boots and Shoes made to order and neatly re- paired at the lowest possible prices. OPPOSITE UNION
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
Morton Freed From Blame

rested on suspicion of h1v-n: killed hi wife, has been discharged
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
I.andInrh I.ncerot AaaIrnI

NEW YORK, Sept. Richard de Logerot, the manager and proprietor of the Hotel de Logerot. made an assignment to George c
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

The ride of Dr. l.. K. Garfield rom Aigo- na, la, to Chicago, distance of 600 miles, in eight days, created a sensation recently. Dr. Garfield is 8 years old.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01

ROCHESTER, Sept. 1.-The trustees of the Genesee Wesleyan seminary elected Rev. William H. Reese, A. NJ, of Wilkesbarre, Pa, principal of the seminary to succeed Rev w K. Benham.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
TOOK HORACE eREELEYo ADVICE.

How Governor Horace Boies Made For
 tune In Iowa.
 When he went to Iowa in 1867, Horace Boies was 40 years of age and could hardly have expected ever to be elected
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
A WONDERFUL BlcYCLlsT.

L. S. Meinjes. the South African Novice
 Who Recently Defeated Zimmerman.
 L. :. Meintjes, who journeyed all the way from South Africa to try conclusions with the best Mheelmen of the world at Chicago
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
JOSEPH \, JACKSON, ARCHITECT,

Lillev's Block. Waterbury, Conn, And 2I7. West I2Sth St. New York Plans and Superintendence for all classes of buildings.
 Many years successful experience enables me to secure for "t@nts the best result with the least expenditure.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
A Good second Baseman.

Michael Ryan, who, until the diSband- ment of the Southern league about the middle of August, was the second haseman of the ChattaMongM teAm. is an excellent
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
I.nont Goe. to wa.hinrto,

 BAR HARBoR, Me, Sept. 1.-Secretary Lamont left Sorrento for Washington.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
Tramp. s.iIed rr.Irht rr.lu.

ASHLAND, Mass, Sept l.-Twenty-hve tramps took possession of a freight train at this place and rode as far as South Fram- ingham, where the gang was placed under arrest
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
The SarniA Safe

Lord Salisbury We'll Again. LONDON, Sept 1.-I4ord Salisbury has fully recovered.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1893-09-01
NOBBY SUITS

And marked at price that stag gers our competitors and sets all kinds of mark down sales in the shade.
 These Suits are
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-05-13
aoIeNcg AND pRoeRgss.

| EsERALps are growing most remarls-
ably scarce.
So SMALL is the thread carried bv the
spindle of the photograph that the
process of threading requires the aid of
mechanical device.
DIR. SCoREsBY calculated the velocity
of the average wave in storm ut 2 ,sT5
feet in each minute or 32.67 English
statute miles in an hour.
Ice is accommodating at the north pole.
Some day, it is alleged by some scion
lists, the earth will fall out of balance
and man will be utterly annihilated by
the rush of moving objects.
TIDES may be regarded rs taking
their rise in the broad cxpanse of the
southern ocean and the tidal waves
will often acquire velocity of 1000
miles an hour.
ONE of the hottest regions of the
earth's surface is in the immediate vi
cinity of the Dead sea. Experts in the
science of photography declare that
the sea loses not less than 1 ,OO0, 900 tons
of water day through evaporation.
One of the visions of Jules Verne is
likely to become reality. Expert
mcnts have demonstrated to the salts
faction of experts of the navy that ship
can be constructed with a capacity for
submerging itself and moving below
the surface of the water rapidly and
under strict control.
An automatic bottle stopper is new
device. A swinging lid is connected to
n rod which runs down the side of the
bottle. If the lid is open the rod will
project below the bottom of the flask.
Therefore, when the latter is set upon
the table, the rod is forced up, throw
ing the lid down upon the bottle,
opening and closing it..
The floating dock and the typewriter
arc among the many important inven-
tions that were hit upon by men who
made no attempt to patent their ideas
A photographer conceived the idea of
the floating dock before the device was
naval officer thought out a practical
typewriter, but was persuaded by
friends to abandon his invention as
thing that nobody could be induced to
use.
TIE following arc the lowest barom-
eter readings on record in various
parts of the globe: In London read
ing of 2T.03 inches on the morning OF
Christmas day, 1927 over the British
islands generally, a reading of 27.33
inches on January 20, 1854; in India, a
reading of Pip inches at False Point
near the southern mouths of the Gan
gcs, on September %, 1885, this being
the lowest authentic reading observed
in any part of the world.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-05-13
Remarkable IllumInant.

Italian papers report new inven
ton which promises to play an impor-
gineer of Milan, Italy, has succeeded
il. discovering new process for max.
ing hydrogen on II large scale and sc
chcaply that in producing 1880 cubic
meters day this gas will cost only
cent per cubic meter. Considering the
fact that the substance, the lightcst OF
all known and very inhammablc, adj.
mits of complete combustion, emits no
smoke while burning, leaves no ashes
or other injurious products, gives the
most intense heat obtainable and sur.
passes in power the electric light, one
may easily comprehend the Importance
of this discovery II true. ~
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1893-05-13
The Earth VIII FAN Out of Balance.

Marshall Wheeler, one of the best
known of the great army of Pacific
coast scientists that have lately sprung
up, claims to have discovered third
principal motion of the earth," which
is this: Every 9o,oO3 years the globe
changes it's north and south poles on
account of the attraction the earth has
for its own magnetism. The sun, too,
strongly attracts one of the poles and
repels the other. This being the case,
it only takes a short space of 20,9Oa
years for the double attraction to
careen it over to such an extent that 1t
suddenly ''flops" 90 degrees. Mr..
Wheeler says that one of these grand
"flops'' occurred 5000 years ago, at the
time set down by the biologists as the
glacial epoch"