The Progress., 1893-07-15

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headWay. Here i Scguin'- locomotive
with n nultitubular boiler, which he
patented in France in 1871, though VIC
have irdisputable truth that Nathan Reed
nad invented that form of boiler many
years before. Next 20 SecUin'S Is the iirsj
locomotive on which patent was taken
out in America--,he locomotive of VIII
lam Howard, Of Baltimore, with radial
axle and q sort of walking beam connect
ing two engines together.
This brings us to the famous locomotive
trial on the Liverpool and Manchester
railroad IN 1s2), ard we have not only
models uc the machines which took par;
in tl@t memorable contest, but five of the
original rails and chairs over which the
trials took place. The model Of the winner
of that contest, StepLcnsOn's Rocket" :"
shows the engine as it was Nhen it won its
victory and established its makers fame,
with inclined cylinders, while the original
"Rocket" now in kensington museum had
had its cylinders changed to horizontal
This j. one of many similar evidences OF
the care exercised in preparation of this
exhibit. Next to the Rocket" is Hack
worth's locomotive, which was in the trial
but suffered an accident, possibly because
shop. A. q matter of fact Hackworth did
more for the locomotive than Stephenson.
One of his grandson's is now superinten-
dent of the Transportation building. Wo
have here, also, Ericsson'S famous ''NCy-
city" and the Stourbridgc Lion, the first
locomotive seen in America. 1t was used
on the Carbondale (pe.) road by Horati0
Allen, who was the only man not afraid 10
ride upon it.
Now we come to the distinctively Amer
lean epoch in the early history of the loco
motive. In 1929 the Tom Thumb" the
first locomotive built on this continent
was put together by Peter Cooper, and
here it is. In 1871 the Baltimore and Ohio
railroad offered 81 ,0O0in prizes for the bess
locomotives, and five inventors entered
the competition. These were the George
W. Johnson" Baltimore, first locomotive
in the world with q double fire box and
an extended front, the ~ ork, which won
first prize, the "Costell," the "Child" and
the james" Not one of these candidate
was like any other, and i'll none of them
was any imitation of the English types ia
be seen. Every man had started out on
his own ideas.
None of these locomotives was q com.
mercial success, but the following models
show Us the tremendous influence which
that trial eXertcd upon locomotive work
in America. Here we stop to look long
time at the old Atlantic" built in 1873.
and used until few months ago as a
switch engine. 1t is now retired after six
ty years service, and is today the oldest
locomotive on the continent that preserves
its original working parts.
Epoch-markers are some of these models
Here is 'Old Ironsides," the first built by
Baldwin; the 'South Carolina first ol
the eight-wheelers; Jervis, 1892, first with
bogie or forward truck; James, 1882, first
with the link motion and proof to the
world that Stephenson did not invent that
important mechanical movement, fcf
James was thirteen years ahead of him
the Traveller" Baltimore and Ohio's first
freight engine, marking the differentia
tion Of freight from passenger locomotives
sixty years in service; the Thomas Jeffer
son, D." filty-eigh years in service and arriv
ing here with water in its boiler: the first
of the Camel type, which set the locomo
tive fashion in America just as Stephen.
sons Mercury, 1880, set the fashion in
England; the Hercules, 1887, which first
used equaliZing beams; the Lafayette, y
built by Baltimore druggist who aston
ished the English by making an engine
that would climb an incline; the "San
dusky," first built by Rogers, and first lC
comotive used west of the Ohio river; the
"Albion" and Samson from Nova
Scotia; the Buffalo," 1916, first eight
wheeled coupled engine; the Dragon
the Pepper Sauce, " first mountain climber
an early effort of William Mason, who wa.
the first to put symmetry and grace iatc
the locomotive, and who more than any
other man is entitled to credit for making
the American locomotive a thing OF
beauty.
Here is the locomotive exhibited by the
Baltimore and Ohio at the Centennial
No. COO. 1t was a magnificent machine IL
that day, but compare it with the ''Direc.
tor General!''
As il these sixty obiect-lessons in the de
ve.Opmcat Of railways was rot enough, "
hcre here nearly two thousand pictur 3
railway scenes from all times and lanus
/ tnc Development OF locomotives. of cars, oi
rails, Of bridges; the great workshops; the
royal trains Of the world; railway en-.
gineering everywhere.
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