davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The record-union., 1893-11-03
How Diamonds Are cut.

The first operation in the art of dia-
mond cutting is that of splitting, or
cleaving. The process consists in deter
mining tie proper plan and direction for
dividing the stone to give it the final
shape it will assume, without needleSsly
sacrificing any of the weight Of the stone.
ON the sound judgment and skill of the
splitter-qualiication gained by long ex-
perience-the future of the stone depends.
He decides how the stone must be shaped
so as to retain the highest weight
with the most brilliant effect. He eX-
amines it for flaws and defects, and must
be able to know to a certainty whether
the imperfections are at the surface or in
the heart OF the stone. Having made his
decision, he proceeds to work.
The rough stone is embedded in cement
and dull edge diamonds rubbed across
its surface, so as to leave an indentation
that determines the line of cleavage. The
oDeration is then repeated with diamond
having slightly sharper edge, and finally
one as keen as u razor. a marked depres-
sion Is thus made, into which sharp
steel knife is inserted. A quick and light
blow divides the stone into two parts.
II is now removed from the cement:
the main part is then replaced IN
the cement and another fragment is
sDIit of, and these operations are
reneated until all the flaws are
removed and the stone has received the
Droper outlines of the form it is destined
ultimately TO take on. The fragments
are all carefully preserved, to be cut into
tiny gems, and for other uses.
The next operation is that of cutting,
during which the stone receives it's fin
isbed outlines. This work is still almost
entirely done by hand. The cutter has
two diamonds attached by cement
to wooden handles and q box in
which to collect the diamond dust.
The diamond cutter must laboriously
grind the two stones together in order
that by their mutual attrltlon he may de-
velon from the primitive form received
from the splitter, the facets of the brill
liant or rose form that the stone is re-
quired to take. This work requires great
muscular force, and the hands Of the cut
ter must be protected by stiff gloves OF
leather.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
WAS AN HONEST INVENTOR.
He Destroyed Discovery That Might
Stimulate Fraud.

DR.. J. Pc Barnum, the well-known
chemist of Louisville, is the man who in
vented the celebrated ink eraser which
caused so much talk several years ago.
In an interview with Memphis Appeal
AUdLaHche reporter recently he gave the
following interesting facts:
when first got my ink eraser COM
plete l thought my fortune was made,
but it was SO conducive to crime that /
suppressed its sale and have always kept
the secret to myself. | suppose it will
die with me. This eraser could positively
remove all traces of ink from any kind OF
paper. | remember one man who wrote
letter to the COu4ieT-JouTBaL, telling
them that he did not believe the account
which they had published of the eraser.
Some of the men in the COuTier-JoUIHdL
took some OF my erasing fluid and wiped
all the ink out of his letter, except the
signature. A check for 500 was then
written above the signature, and they
went to the bank and got the money. In
a short time after its introduction several
crimes in Louisville, as well as elsewhere,
had been committed by the aid of the
eraser, and when a well-knOwn young
man in Louisville perpetrated a fraud
upon his firm by its use and went to Cal
itornia, then determined never to allow
any more of the fluid to be manufactured.
l have, however, since done some work
with it myself.
"At one time number of securities Of
the Falls City Bank, of Louisville, had
been stolen, and the holders of bonds in
the community got in the habit Of writ
ing their names across the face of their
bonds. and also a statement that the
bonds were not good unless indorsed.
But when they wanted to dispose of these
bonds they found that nobody would buy
them with the writing across the lace.
They came to me with rush and wanted
me to remove the writing. l had at one
time 100000 worth Of these bonds, with
the agreement that if any traces of ink or
the fluid were left was to buy each bond
so defaced at its face value, but l didn't
have to buy any of them. The act of
forgery itself is very easy to accomplish,
but the perpetrator nearly always gets
caught in the end. This so-called safety
paper, which is now being extensively
manufactured, is no protection. The ink
lines on this safety paper, which fade
away as soon as they are touched by any
chemical. can be put back very easily. A
stone for this purpose can be engraved
for Sl0,D
The record-union., 1893-11-03
NUTs-New crop soft-sheu Almonds, 2oc

NUTS-New crop soft-shen Almonds, zoe
q 10; do Walnuts, &C.
DAIRY PRODUCTS = Butter = Valley, p
roll, 40c; Pickle Roll, fair, 40c; Fancy, soc;
Fancy Petaluma, Soc; Fancy Creamery, zoe;
Easter Eastern packed zoe - Firkin 2o@2Se
&c: Eastern Creamery, zoe; Limburger, zoe;
Genuine Swiss, 40c: American. 25c; Mar
tins Creamery. zoe.
25c
Y-Turkeys-Live, zoe p ID; Cob
blers, 2oc; dressed, 24c. Chickens-Hens, So
@6 so q doz, 6O@75c each; Springs, So q
Tame Ducks, 81 30 q doz, 75c each; Geese,
GAMT-Teal, SOC p pair; widgeon, SOC;
sprig, 65c; NIailards, 96c; Canvasbacks, 81;
Snipe, 80 csc q doz; quail, 81 so; Gray
Geese, 75c . pair; Black 90, soc.
VEGETABLES-Onion Sc p ID; Sweet Po-
dried do, 12Hc; Cucumoers, 1Qc = dozen;
Gherkins, 35c p 100; Beans-WaX, &c q ID;
String, sc; Shell, sc; Lima, g; Toma-
toes, t35c p box 25c; Egg Plant, &c; Gum
Caulihower, 10c; savoy Cabbage, 10c; Iel-
low Tomatoes. sc y ID; Squash-Yellow, sc a
n; Summer, PIC; Hubbard &c; MarroWfat, 2NI,t,,,
P PGpkas fn lc IS fettace FSofa5S 1ac doz Green GREEN
Onions 121ac; Radishes, 121ac; Turnips,
121ac; Carrots, 1910; Beets, 121&c: oyster
Plant, 121ac; Leek, 1870; Parsnips, Ala
media Peas. Sc; Sacramento, do, sc; Gar
lie, &c; Green Corn, 25c p doz Chicory, three
for 1Oc; Spinach, sc p 10
POrAT0ES-Rtver Reds, soc p sack; Early
Rose, 65@75e; River Burbank, SOC; Salinas,
do, 81 % 2 100 fbs: Sweets, &c = tb.
MEATS-Beef-Prim Rib Roast 1212@1 sc;
Chuck Roast. 1Oc; Rump, Sc; Brsket, Sc;
Corned Beef, Sc; Porterhouse Steak, l5@1Sc;
Loin Steak, 121491 sc; Round Steak 1oc;
Chuck, 10c. NeaI-Loin and Rib Chops, / sc;
Roast Veal, lee. Mutton-Leg, 11@l212c;
Loin and Rib Chops 1890; Mutton Stew. SC;
Shoulder Chops. SC. Pork-Roast or Chops,
] sc; Corned Pork 5c Sausage. l2I5c; vi
emma Sausage, 15c Bacon, 14@19c; Ham, g
@20c.
BREADSTUFFS- Flour, 81 40 p bbl, 81 0
for Sob sacks. SO go for lCO-b sacks; Oat-
meal, 10-b sacks, 4Oc; Cormeal. 10-D sacks,
25c; Cracked Wheat, 10fD sacks, Soc; HON
my, 1O-fb sacks doc; Graham Flour. OH
sacks, soc; Buckwheat 1O-ib sacks, soc; Rye,
36c p 10-fb sacks.
HAY AND GRAIN-Oat Hay, zoe p cwt;
Wheat. zoe: second quality, soc; Alfalfa, GOO
65c; Wheat, whole, 81 %; Barley. 95c;
Ground Barley. 81 O5; Feed Oats, 81 $50
l so; Middlings, 81 10; Bran, 95c; Straw, 90
@70c.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
SMALL DBPosIToRs WELCOMED.
Scotland's People Represented in Banks
by Over S165. 10000

Probably in no other country in the
world are banking facilities so extensive
as they are in Scotland, says a writer in
the Forum. In every town, large or
small, there is branch of one or more
of the great city banks, and even every
village with the least pretension to size
can boast of one. While in England
there is a bank or branch bank to about
every 10000 of the population, in Scot
land there is one to about every 1000. 1t
is obvious that this extensive system of
branches is we'll calculated to gather in
one center the savings of the community.
The banks are not proud, and they ac-
cept at interest deposits of sums as small
as 95 and allow current accounts TO be
opened sometimes with trifing balances,
which in England, as a rule, would be
looked at askance and probably turned
over to the savings banks. The deposit
ors in Scotch banks who have not more
than $500 to their credit on deposit re-
eeipt or on current account, comprise
about three-fourths ofthe whole mum ber.
The result is that the aggregate banking
deposits of a comparatively poor country
with few sources of natural wealth, and
with a population OF little more that
100000, exceed $465, 100000 And it
may be observed that a sum equal to per-
haps one-third or one-half as much again
has been placed on deposit by Scotch
depositors with the banks doing business
III the colonies of the empire.
The record-union., 1893-11-03

the King. Consequently, he led his
young wife up to the picture of his
mother, severe dame, VINO, as he as
sured Queen Emma, never danced"
"a Queen should never laugh in public"
he said. The piece of advice had the de-
sired effect, and to-day there is not
more dignified Queen in all Europe.
When the Queen Regent and her little
daughter drive together the mother re-
plies to the cheers of the people with
stately bow, but Queen Wilhelmlna
smiles and answers each salute with a
special inclination of the head. She often
turns in the carriage and bows to some
one she fears she neglected. One day she
returned from the park so tired from
skating that she forgot to respond to the
salute of the sentry at the palace door.
At the vestibule, however, she remem
bered, and went back to the foot of the
steps for a special recognition Of the SOL
dier.
The little queen has been well trained
for her duties. She is proud of belong
ing to the great house Of Orange, and
when her father was alive his most ef-
fectuaI rebuke was: MY daughter, your
conduct is not that of a princess of the
house of Orange" Her mother has
trained her especially to be brave. Once,
when they were driving, the horses ran
away and the cOachman was thrown out;
but Queen Emma Immediately ordered
fresh horses to be brought and the drive
continued, lest her daughter should learn
the meaning of the word fear. Always
in April Queen Wilhelmina and her
mother go to the castle of Loo and re-
main until late in the autumn. Here the
little queen leads serious regular life.
She rises every morning at O'Clock, but
always finds that her mother was Up still
earlier. She possesses a Bible, illustra-
ted with rare engrayings, and this her
mother reads and explains to her every
day. After luncheon she drives her
ponies, sometimes four and sometimes
six, sails her boat, or feeds her pigeons,
which will except food from no other
hand than hers. In winter she prefers
the royal residence called the House in
the Wood, because there is a pond there,
on which she skates every day,
The record-union., 1893-11-03
TOWELS TURNED TO NEW USE.
Natives OF China Make Two of Them
Into 81 Snit of CIothes.

Into Suit of Clothes.
It appears from a late consular report
from Swatow, in Southern China, says
the London Times, that among cotton
goods the import of towels alone has
shown any improvement. But, the Con-
sui explains, this does not imply any in
creased attention to personal cleanliness
on the part Of the inhabitants OF the dis
trict, tor the towels are used for clothing.
The breadth of the ordinary towel being
that from shoulder to shoulder, two
sewed together will make a coat. Sleeves
are dispensed with, and, except for the
armholes, there Is none OF that waste Of
material which is especially repugnant
TO the Chinaman, and which the size of
his native piece goods and the fashion OF
his clothes conspire TO avoid. British
manufacturers have been warned by
their agents and others of this frugal
tendency OF the Chinese mind, but the
loom designed TO turn out cloth of the
narrow Chinese breadthS requires as
much attention as one giving cloth twice
as wide.
This leads the Consul to suggest that
the cloth might be woven so as to be di-
visible down the center, so that two
pieces OF the Chinese breadth could be
woven at the same loom. So far the re-
monstrances of importers have avalled
chiefly to affect the length of the piece.
Ii piece forty yards long will make
exactly twelve Chinese garments, one a
few inches less will only produce eleven
similar garments, leaving a useless rem
nant. Thus importers who know their
customers have urged that the piece,
though it cannot be woven to given
inch, should always exceed the expected
length and never fall short of it. Lastly
the Consul suggests as Chinese garments
tit loosely to the figure and can De trans
ferred from one person TO another with
out any noticeable mistit, it might be
possible for British manufacturers to
turn out goods of the exact size needed
Tor coats, gowns and the amorphous
pantaloons. He asks whether the crude
garments might not be produced entire
and so imported into China.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
y swarm of Locusts.

The African Steamship Company's
steamer Winnebah, which has just ar
rived from West Africa at Liverpool, mas
had Il most unusual experience when
steaming between the latitudes of Cape
Verde and St. Louis, Senegal. For sixty
miles the vessel steamed through Iocusts,
which were so thickly packed to-
gether on the top of the water that
appeared to be lying on the sea
as far as the eye could reach The
locusrs had no doubt been blown from
the Morocco coast into the sea. They re-
sembled gigantic grasshoppers, and one
which was secured was five inches in
length. Of course, all of the locusts had
been drowned.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
MONEY IN RAISING PARROTS.
Imported Birds Are Delicate, bu
When Trained Fetch High Prices.

=
An industry which invites the atten-
ton of enterprising Americans is the
breeding of parrots. Dr. Steineger says
that it would be entirely practical to pro-
mulgate and rear them in hothouses. The
best takers among these birds, according
to the Washington Star, are the gray
African variety, with the red tail. They
are very delicate, and make risky stock
for the importer. If one parrot in an in
voice dies, all of them may be expected to
succumb almost Immediately. 1t is Sus-
pected that the water in this country does
not agree with them. They are worth
from $40 TO ST. unframed, and when
trained they fetch almost any price. They
come from Liberia and MOnroVia, where
they are caught in great numbers by the
blacks. The latter make business of
catching parrots, and have regular parrot
farms in their villages. AT the breeding
season the men, women and children
scatter in the wilderness and rob nests.
They wait until the young are nearly
ready to leave the nest and then they
take them.
Trading vessels buy them in quantities
and carry them TO ports where steamers
in the African trade stop for cargo. Thus
they are forwarded TO Europe. The talk
ing powers of parrot depend to great
extent on its being taken in hand at
very early age. This would be one ad-
vantage OF rearing these birds in contine-
ment. Under such conditions also it
would be practicable to vastly improve
the speaking faculty by mating the best
takers together for generations. Thus
would be produced such feathered con-
Versationalists as are unknown up to
date. 1t would certainly be profitable to
breed and raise the parrots known as
Carolina parrak eets. These are rare now
and bring high prices, though they used
to be very common as far north as Penn
sylvania and Illinois. At present the
few survivors are almost wholly con-
fined to scattered localities in Florida and
Indian Territory. They have been sue
cessfully bred in captivity. The green
Australian parrak eets, OF the sort used
by strolling fortune-tellers on the streets,
are among the easiest of birds to rear.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
Meat Market.

Following are the rates for whole carcasses
from slaughterers to dealers:
BEEF-First quality, 5@51ac; second quail
ity, 41a@5c; third quality, 314@4c = ID.
CALVES-4@5c for large and 6@7c 2 u for
small.
MUTTON-4@51%e p b.
LAMB-6@7c p n
PORK-Live Hogs, on foot, grain fed heavy
and medium, $40 55sc; stock Hogs, 55s951Sc;
dressed Hogs, 8@o1ac . 70.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
HOLLANDS LITTLE QUEEN.
Wilhelmfna Being Trained by He1
Mother for her Future Career.

w lInSlHu1na D6ln& Trained DIV Her
Mother for Her Future Career.
Although Queen Emma, who is Regent
of Holland during the minority of Queen
Wilhelmina, was a native OF Waldeck-
Pyrmont, she is now true Dutchwoman.
When she was the bride-elect of King
William III. a learned professor was sent
to teach her the language OF the country
of which she was TO be queen. The
vounp princess thought she would sur
nrise her future subjects, and, according
10 the New York Sun, applied herself
with such industry that when the Prime
Minister came TO see her three months
later she conversed with him il Dutch.
When the King, who was 81 years old,
brought his young bride to The Hague
She acted like a delighted child. She
danced about the palace, laughed just as
mnrh as she wanted to-which was
good deal-and had a good time gener-
slly. The courtiers were not accustomed
70 such artless gayety, and neither was
The record-union., 1893-11-03
Eastern Grain Market.

NEW YORK, November I'd.
WHEAT - November, 671sc; December,
6914c; January, 70Ac; February, 724c;
March, 1870; May, 1870.
CHICAGO, November I'd.
WHEAT-November, 62Ic; December,
64c; May, 71c.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
SAN FRANCISCO STOCK MARKET.
SAN FRAScIsco, November 2. 18,
AFTERNOON SESSION.

The Shah of Persia does not possess a
railway train of any kind. He goes
about Persia liz carriages or on horseback.
and, although Ga years of age, is still one
of the best horsemen in the country.
The record-union., 1893-11-03

The largest theater in the world is the
Grand Opera-house OF Paris. 1t covers
more than three acres of ground and cost
63, ,000, ,000 francs.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
Notice Of Sale Of Real Estate at Private Sale

NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN THAT, IN
~ pursuance of an order duly made and
entered by the Superior Court of the County
Of Sacramento STAT of California, on the
18th day of October A. d. 1893. in the mat
ter Of the estate of MARIA GUADALUPE
ROMERO DE RUIZ, deceased, the under
signed, the administrators with the VIII an
nexed of said estate will sell at private sale
to the highest bidder, for cash, gold coin OF
the United States, and subject 10 confirmation
by said Superior Court, on and after the 18th
day of November 1898, all the right, title,
interest and estate of Maria Guadalupe Ro-
nero de Ruiz deceased, at the time OF her
DEATH and all the right, title and interest that
said estate has by operation OF law or othef-
wise acquired, other than or IN addltlon 10
that of the said Maria Guadalupe Romero de
Ruiz, deceased, at the time OF her death,
in and to all those certain pieces, tracts or
parcels of land lying, being and situated IN
the City of Sacramento, County OF Sacrar
mento, State of California, and upon the oin-
ciaI plan or map OF said city known, desig-
mated and described as follows, 10 VII: Inc
south 20 one-quarter OF the north W one
half of Lot No. ~ one in block bounded by
/ and streets and (2d) Second and t3d) Ihlru
streets of said Sacramento City.
Also the north "a one-half or the west W
one-half OF the east Oh one-halt OF Iot no: !9i
three in block bounded (3d Third and (4th)
Fourth L and NJ streets OF said City OF SacrR-
mento. 80
That offers or bids therefor in writing will
be received by said administratrlx at tne Oh
flee of Harry G. Soule, 607 | street. Sacr9- era
mento City, Sacramento County, state OF CaI-
fornia, at any time after the first publication
of this notice and before the said sale -
Terms and conditions OF sane: Casn, goiu
coin of the United States: ten per cent OF tne
purchase money to be paid to the adminls-
tratrix on the day of sale, balance on connrnl.
alton of sale by said superior Court DeedaC
the expense OF purchaser.
Dated October 23d. 1893.
Administrators with the viii annexed OF
the estate of Maria Guadalupe Romero de
Ruiz. deceased ,..
tratriX, o--fs-te.
The record-union., 1893-11-03

Germany has twenty-one universities.
with 1920 professors and 26,7O0 students.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
CHICAGO Nov e-rhe Porter Brothers

The merchants of Norfolk, Va, say
that this season has been the slowest for
the peanut market that they have had
for years Thousands of bushels Of stock
are stored, with no demand, and it is
only few weeks before the new crop
will be ready for the market.
The record-union., 1893-11-03
CALIFORNIA FRUITS.
Prices Realized at the Auction Sales
in EaStaIn Cities.

NEW YORK, Nov. 2.-The Porter Brothers
Company sold at auction to-day one car OF
California fruit, at the following prices: Halt
crates assorted grapes 81 O5@1 65; half
crates Tokay grapes, 90c@$1 40; half-crates
Muscat grapes, 95c@S1 25 haltcrates En-
peror grapes, 81 90.
NEW YORK, Nov. 2.-The Earl Fruit Com
pany sold California fruit at auction TO day,
at the following prices: Fancy TOkaY grapes,
S3 1908 so; haltcrates, 81 40@1 so; choice
Tokay grapes, 81 9002 90; halfcrates, s0c@
81 20; Cornichon grapes, So 1903 20; half
crates CornIchon grapes, 81 90 Morocco
grapes, So 1902 80; Nerdelle grapes. 50 40
@3 so; Muscat grapes, haIfcrates 81 csc
l so; black Ferrara grapes, half crates, ) |;
Emperor grapes, halfcrates. S1@1 10.
AT CHICAGO.
CHICAGO, NoY. 2.-The Porter Brothers
Company sold at auction to-day three cars
of California grapes at the following prices:
Tokay grapes, 81 1901 So; half crates Tokay
grapes, 50@90c; CornichOn grapes 81 so;
half crates Cornichon grapes, SOe@S1 O5;
Emperor grapes, 81 26@l 80; hall crates
Emperor grapes, 5Q@ooc; Muscat grapes,
81 25; half crates Muscat grapes. 45@75c;
half crates Malaga grapes, 75c; half crates
Morocco grapes, 6C@75c: half crates Nerdel
55cr ~ m
CHICAGO Nov. 2.-The Earl Fruit Company
sold California fruit at auction to-day as
follows: Winter Nellis pears. 50; Glout Nor
ceau pears, 50 70@2 So Vicar pears, 81 so;
i1uSler beuTFe pears, 91 4Ot0I OO; Goes I41Ue
Red plums, 80c@S1 45; Tokay grapes 81 3
@1 40; half crates Tokay grapes, 500 sc;
Muscat grapes, 81 1901 40; half crates Mus
cat grapes. 45@S0c; Cornichon grapes, 81 8
al 65; half crates CornichOn grapes, 70@
S0c Malaga grapes 81 60@1 70; half crates
Malaga grapes, 70@S0c; Emperor grapes, so
@70c; Nerdel grapes, half crates, 55@65c.
The merchants of Norfolk, Va, say
that this season has been the slowest for
the peanut market that they have had
for years Thousands of bushels Of stock
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1893-09-29
With the Standard Ever Advancing
THE WELL FILLED DEPARTMENTS AND THE COMPLETE
DAYS.

The times may be hard, but, in the lines
of a popular topical song of the day, the
people came to the eighth annual Valley
Fair Wednesday and Thursday, because
"they couldn't stay away" 1t rained
Monday, and Tuesday the outlook was
dubious, but President Hooker sent up
his annual fervent appeal, Wednesday
morning the skies cleared, and Thursday
brought genuine Valley Fair weather.
1t has stereotyped sound, but it is an
undisputed fact that the show was the
largest and best ever held by the Valley
Fair. In every department there was a
large display, while the quality was up to a
remarkably high standard, in many cases
illustrating the effect of the Valley Fair
itself in stimulating competition and good
work on broad lines.
The gate receipts showed the admissions
of Wednesday to have been 6250 and of
Thursday 1870. This was nearly 1000
less than for the first day last year, and up
wards of 1000 more for the second day
than a year ago. The total attendance
was in round numbers 500 more than in
1892. Estimating the receipts from privi-
leges to be the same as last year the gross
receipts were SS296, or about $3.50 more
than last year. This will undoubtedly be
enough to pay expenses and for the better
ments, and leave a surplus in the treasury
for future contingencies. The grand stand
was crowded Thursday to its full capacity of
2j1S; 20O0 single tickets were sold, show
ing about 500 season ticket holders on the
stand. Hundreds of people were unable
to get places there.
Here goes for the detailed account.