The record-union., 1893-06-29
FACTS FOR EAOTERNERS.
The Climate and Climatic Features of
California.
Interesting Data Relating Thereto
Pleasant Reading for Winter
Nights In Atlantic Homes.

Climate and Climatic Features of Cali
fornia'' is the title of very interesting
paper compiled by James A. Barwick,
Observer Weather Bureau and Director
California Weather Service, from his past
reports to the State Agricultural Society
edwin F. Smith, Secretary, for the
Worlds Fair edition of the book ordered
by the last Legislature.
The article is reproduced by the REC
oRD-UNIoN in order that it may be seen
and read by many persons who will not
be able 20 visit the Worlds Fair, where
the book is to be distributed. 1t contains
much valuable Information to Eastern
people, especially to persons looking to-
ward California as place of residence:
CALIFORNIA A PRINCIPALITY.
The limit of space assigned to this sub
ject precludes the discussion of the
physical causes of the climatic features OF
California. 1t is enough to state the
facts, leaving to the intending settler the
choice OF home in either of the climates
OF the State.
California is a territory of such mag
niticent extent, such marvellous wealth of
soil, such variety and grandeur of seem
cry, such perfection of climate, and is so
free from all those annoyances that dis
turb humanity in other parts of the
world, that the Californian wonders why
the whole people of the East do not at
once migrate hither. People in the East
do not comprehend the extent Of Cali
tOrnia, to say nothing of its climate and
productions. California is more than a
State;sit is a principality within ITSELF
For instance, compare the area, in square
miles, of the following States with that of
California: New York, 1910; Pennsyl-
Vania, 5.2l5: Michigan, IS 9l5; Connecti-
cut, 1890. Total area in square miles of
the four States, los, go, with 2I7 counties.
Calitornia's area in square miles, los, $50,
with tifty-seven counties. California s
excess over those four States, seventy
square miles.
California is no miles long; extreme
breadth, $50 miles; least breadth, $50
miles, with coast line of over 1,2S0
miles. If California were transplanted
on the Atlantic Coast the coast-line would
reach from Boston, Mass, to Savannah,
Ga.
COMPARISONS WITH THE EAST.
These comparisons illustrate the diff
Guilty and almost impOss bility of giving
Eastern visitors an intelligent idea of
either the climatic features or the vast re-
sources of California.
The latitude of Fort Jones, Siskiyou
County, on the north, is 40, being the
same as Boston, on the Atlantic coast
san Diego, in the south, is in latitude 32o :
the same as Savannah in;the East. The
mean winter and summer temperature at
Savannah is 53' and 81, while San Diego
boasts Of a mean winter and summer
temperature of 81 and 6So. Fort Jones
has mean summer temperature of 69
the same as Boston; the latter's mean
winter temperature is 2S0 while Fort
Jones, elevation 5000 feet above sea-level,
has mean winter temperature Of 340; g.
warmer than Boston. Monterey's mean
winter and summer temperature is 52'
and 81 RichmOnd's mean winter and
summer temperature is 10 and 81.
Sacramento's mean winter and sum-
mer temperature is 400 and 40, as against
"3' and 73' in Baltimore. Mean winter
and summer temperature of San Fran
cisco 81 and 60, as against 3Go and 70o at
Washington, ID. c. Mean winter and
summer temperature of Los Angeles, so
and 20, as against 4S0 and So at Atlanta
Ga. Santa barbara has mean winter
and summer temperature of 80 and 6S0
as against 430 and 7G' at Raleigh, n. c.
The places named in the East and used
as comparison with California points
are situated on the same line of latitude
In some corresponding lines of latitude
where in the East snow would cover the
ground, we would have open. mild
weather, with flowers blooming the year
through.
INCOMPATIBLE CLIMATE.
There is no State in the Union, no
country upon the continent, no section of
country in any State, nor geographical
division Of the continent, that can COM
pare with California for salubrity of
climate, healthtulness, variety of pleas
ing shadings OF climate, or for attractive
and health-giving summer and winter
resorts. In December we have the sun
shining great number of days; the air
T- hal lFaar rR-ish
in attire that could be worn in the East
only in early summer or autumn.
Winter in California is but summer with
out its hot days.
In all California, and particularly along
the coast, the winters are comparatively
cool. This is due to the prevailing winds
which IN winter come from the south
and in summer from the north. The
climate of California varies according to
the longitude and altitude. Two factors
enter into the formation of our climate:
The Pacific Ocean, from which the winds
coming through the Golden Gate, bring
moisture, and the Sierra Nevada Noun
;ajns, which cause the precipitation of
moisture.
THE ISOTHERMAL LINES
Are, as they near the coast, so DETECTED
rs to run north and south, and mark out
three climatic belts, which are the coast
valley and mountain. The valley belt,
beyond the Coast Range. commencing
with Shasta Valley on the north, extends
down through the Sacramento and san
Joaquin Valleys into the arid plains OF
the MCjave and Colorado Deserts, while
the mountain includes the Sierra Nevada
beyond. Rainless summers characterize
all these regions.
To these three climates may be added a
fourth, TO wit: Southern California.
which Includes SO much of California as
lies south OF the junction OF the Coast
Range and the Sierra Nevada Mountains.
COAST CLIMATE.
This climate is confined to that portion
OF California which looks out upon the
sea- from Point Conception, IN Santa
Bar bara County, to the north line Of the
State. The annual temperature ranges
from 45- TO co.. The climate puts one into
an agreeable state OF invigoration, and
there Is sense OF buOyancy and vitality
experienced in no other climate.
The therapeutical effect of this climate
says DIR. John W. Robertson is essen
TALLY tonic, and suited only to certain
classes OF invalids. That its healthful-
ness Is mainly due to the wind cannot be
doubted. This wind, besides possessing
moisture and coolnesS, is surcharged with
ozone, and much of its influence is to be
attributed to the oXidiZing power of this
agent. Persons coming TO San Francisco
from the interior valleys or the East are.
at first, chilled by the cool. log bearing
wind, but this chillness soon gives way
10 a feeling of exaltation and we'll being
that is almost incapable of being under
stood by those who have not experienced
it.
This climate is susceptible of subdivis-
ion: the one just described being directly
on the coast, the other more moderate,
but OF the same type, a few miles inland
and protected by the foothills from the
full force Of the breeze. Such valleys, in