The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1892-09-06

The FIfty-drst congress enacted such law, and
under its Ibenehcent influence, sixteen Ameri-
can steamships OF an aggregate tonnage Of
81, 400 tons and costing S7.4OOOOO have been
built or contracted TO be built In American ship
yards In addition to this it is now practically
certain that we shall soon have under the
American flag one Of the finest steamship lines
saiIiug out Of New York for any European
port This contract will result In the construc-
tion in American ship yards Of four new pas
senger steamships OF 10000 tons each, costing
about s. 10000 and will add TO our naval re-
serve SIX steamships-the fastest upon the sea.
TO SOUTH AMERICA.
Special interest has been taken by me In tho
establishment Of lines from our South Atlantic
and gulf ports; and though my expectations
have not yet been realized, attention has bseR
called to the advantages possessed by these
ports and when their people are more fully
alive TO their interests do not doubt that they
will be able TO secure the capital needed TO en-
able them to profit by their great natural ad-
vantages. The Democratic party has found no
place in its platform for any reference to this
subject and has shown its hostility to the gen
eral policy by refusing to eKpend the aDpro-
priation made during the last administration
Tor ocean mail contracts for American lines.
Patriotic people, workmen In our shops, capt
tAhsts seeking new enterprises must decide
whether the great ships owned by Americans
which have sought registry shall again humbly
ask place In the English naval reserve; the
great ships now on the designers tables go to
foreign shops for construction, and the United
states lose the DOW Frightening opportunity of
recovering a place commensurate with its
wealth, the skill OF its constructors and the
courage OF its sailors In the carrying trade OF
all the seas.
THE POLICY OF RECIPROCITY.
Another belated measure as furnishing In
creased ocean traffic for our ships aud of great
and permanent benefit 10 the farmers, and
manufacturers as well is the reciprocity policy
declared by section three of the tariff act Of
1890, and now IN practical operation with five of
the nations Of Central and South America,
San Domingo, the Spanish and British West
India Islands, and with Germany and Austria,
under special arrangements with each. The
removal of the duty upon sugar and
the continuance of coffee and tea upon the
free list, while giving great relief to our own
people by cheapening articles used increasingly
10 every household, also of such enormous
advantage to the Countries exporting these ar
tlcies as to suggest that in consideration
thereof reciprocal favors should be shown in
their tariffs to articles exported by us to their
markets Great credit is due to Mr.. Blaine for the
vigor with which he pressed this view upon the
country. We have only begun to realize the
benefit OF these trade arrangements The
work or creating new agencies and of adapting
our goods 10 new markets. has necessarily
taken time; but the results already attained are
such, am sure, as to establish in popular favor
the policy of reciprocal trade based upon free
importation Of such articles as do not inluri-
ously compete with the products OF our own
farms, mines or factories, 10 exchange for free
or favored introduction of our products into
other countries. The obvious efficacy of this
policy is that the increasing foreign trade
OF the United states at once attracted the
alarmed attention of Eu$peau trade journals
and boards of trade. British board of trade
has presented to that government a memorial
asking for the appointment OF a commission to
consider the best means OF counteractng what
is called the commercial crusade Of the United
States" At meeting held in March last of
the associated chambers Of commerce Of Great
Britain, the president reported that the exports
from Great Britain to American ooun-
tries during the last year had decreased
$2s, $50 900, and that this was not due TO
temporary causes but directly to the reciprocity
policy Of the United States Germany and
France nave also shown their startled apprecia-
ton OF the fact that a new and vigorous con-
testent had appeared in the battle OF markets
and has already secured important advantages
Most convincing evidence Of the tremendous
IS fonGd iB 'en the fact that posi Tsa1
Britain and Spain have found IL necessary to
make reciprocal trade agreements with us for
their West Indian colonies, Gnd that Germany
and Austria have given US important conces-
eions in exchange for continued free importa-
tion OF their beet sugar.
INCREASES WITH CUBA
few details only as to the increase Of our
trade can be given here. Taking all the coun-
tries with which such arrangements have been
made, our trade to june 80, 1892 had increased
23.7S per cent. With Brazil the increase was
nearly II per cent; with Cuba during the first
ten months, our exports increased S5, 702, 193 or
81 Sc per cent; and with Porto Rico $500, 1896 or
81 per cent. The liberal participation of our
farmers in the benefits Of this policy is shown
by tue following report from our consul general
at Havana, under date Of July IS last. "During
the first half of the year Of 1891. Havana
other ports of the island About an equal
amount, or approximately $50, 1l2 bags During
the same period Havana received 1895 bags
Of American Hour, and other ports approx
mately equal amount, making about rs 600
bags. But for the first half of this year Spain
has sent less than 1000 bags to the whole
island, and the United States has sent to
Havana alone 166,4s6 bags and about an equal
amount to other ports of the island making
approximately $4,000 for the first half OF
Partly by reason of the removal of sanitary
restrictions upon American pork, our export OF
pork products 60 Germany increased during the
ten months ending June so last So, 025, ora or
about 81 per cent
EXPORTS OF COAL
The British Trade Journal of London, In a
recent ISSUE speaking Of the increase of Ameri-
can coal exports and Of the falling off of En-
glish coal exports to Cuba, says: 1T Is another
case Of American competition. The United
States now supplies Cuba with about l50 900
tons OF coal annually, and there is every pros
forests of the island become exhausted,
and the use OF steam mach inery on the sugar
estates is developed. Alabama coal especially
is securing reputation in the Spanish West In
dies. and the river and rail improvements Of the
southern states will undoubtedly create an inn
portant gulf trade The new reciprocity policy
by which the United States are enabled 10 i'm
port Cuban sugar, will, OF course, assist the
American coal exporter even more effectively
than new lines of railway"
THE DEMOCRATIC POLICY ATTACKED.
Ino uenocrdIlC plhJIOrm promises repeal OF
the tariff law containing this provision, and
especially denounces as sham reciprocity
that section of the law under which these trade
arrangements have been made. If no other
issues were involved in the campaign this alone
would give it momentous Importance
Are the farmers of the great growing states
willing to surrender these new large and
increasing markets for their surplusY
Are we TO have nothing in exchange for free
importation of sugar and of coffee, and at the
same time to destroy the sugar planters of the
south and the beet sugar industry of the north
west and Of the Pacific coast: or are we TO have
the taxed sugar aud coffee, which "tariff for
revenue only" necessarily involves with the
added loss of the new markets, which have
been opened? AS have shown. our
commercial rivals in Europe do not regard
this reciprocity policy as sham" but as a
serious threat to the trade supremacy they have
long enjoyed. They would rejoice and If pru-
dence did not restrain, would illuminate their
depressed manufacturing cities over the news
that the lited States had abandoned its system
of protection and reciprocity. They see very
clearly that restriction Of American production
and trade, and corresponding Increase Of
European production and trade, would follow.
and Will not bell We that what is so plain h
them can be hidden from our own people.
THE POLICY OF PROTECTION.
The declaration of the platform in favor Of
ATupr1Ran Of :.