davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call., 1892-01-03
LATEST LIFE-SAvING DEVICE.

A new life-saving seat has been designed
at Leith. Fig l shows the seat fixed up
ready for life-saving purposes. Fig. is an
end view of the same. Fig 3 is prospec-
tive view of the apparatus expanded to
form a deck-seat.
Each buoyant part Is an elongated struc-
ture of a rectangular or other simple FORM
with a frame of wood and fitted with solid
cork. incloSed partly with wooden board
and partly with canvas.
The morning call., 1892-01-03

cult to collect the money. People would
make the first and second payments all
right, but after that it was hard JOB to get
pie would fit UP a fat elegantly. and
pay $500 or $500 for furniture on the
instalment plan. In four or five months
they would stop their payments and tell our
collectors eoolly that they could tske the
furniture away il they wanted to. In many
cases we were obliged to do this. or course
We made no money on the deal, as the
hings had to be repaired before we could
hink of offering them for sale again. II
The morning call., 1892-01-03

l fully expected to hear that he had been
hanged. The weather was cold, very cold.
and the poor prisoners were never allowed
more than handful of fire.
l have thus, my dear sir, given you my
agency in releasing the prisoners from dur
ance vile in Libby Prison and my motives
for it, and now, after the lapse of more than
twcnty-seven years, ! am still unable to de-
eide whether MY conduct was most praise
worthy or bamewOrty. l remain, yours
truly. w f. CRANE
The morning call., 1892-01-03

The very hour the escape was discovered
a vigorous pursuit was set on foot One
fugitive only was recaptured within the city
limits. Colonel Rose was overtaken within
sight o. the Union lines and brought back to
Libby. Major Hamilton was fortunate
enough to rejoin his friends. Mr.. Moran
states that forty eight were retaken. The
correct number is sixty-six. Among those
who got away were Colonel Streight and
several officers, who were concealed for
week by Miss Bette Vanlew, a Union
sympathizer. no was afterward made Post
mistress of Richmond by President Grant.
The morning call., 1892-01-03
The Electric Light In Fogs

The pilots OF Havre complain Of the lack
of penetrating quality observed in the elec-
trio lights in the harbor. They saw that
during foggy weather the brillancy OF the
electric lights is much more reduced than
that Of oil lamps-so much so that In very
foggy weather, while the light from oil
lamps was plainly visible, it was impossible
to discern that OF the electric light. The
electric lights in some of the light-houses.
especially those near the entrance to the
Thames. sometimes become invisible. while
at the samo time the lights from tie light
ships and lighthouses burning oil, and even
the gas lamps in towns on the neighboring
coast, are plainly visible. Electricity.
The morning call., 1892-01-03

escape was made possible.
Rnt LOT ne frsT recapitulate some facts
connected with the historic building. when
was erected in 1852 by an enterpHSlng
Scotcbman named John EnderS, writes
contributor to a syndicate. He was proml-
nent manufacturer Of tob Geo, who 0ulIt
number Of similar structures III the nelgh-
bornood for rental The one standing on
the corner Of Twentieth street was leased 10
Luther Libby in 1874 for tie purpose OF
conducting a chaud.eTy, grocery ana COM
mission business He admitted his son,
George W. Libby, now weli-known citizen
of Richmond, as a partner SIX years later.
Young Libby enlisted in tile Confederate
service at the breaking out OF hoSuules
and served through the war.
Tie first building used IN The confederate
capital as q military prison was toOaceO
factory on Main street between twenty
fifth and IWenty-alNth. GtneLal j. IL
Winder, who was in command at Richmond,
finding himself IN need OF additional quar-
ters, took such prompt possession oil the
house Of Libby 4 son that the sign was
lett suspended on the northwest corner, and
thus furnished the name by which the most
famous Southern prison OF tie CIYl W ar
VIII always be known.
The much-eXecTated Henry NirZ was the
first cOmmandant, he did not SemaIn long
in charge before being sent to Anderson
vile, where his atrocities upon Union pTls-
oners caused him 10 be hanged after the
war He was succeeded by Major I. 7.
Turner, au educated gentleman, who is now
a prominent dentist in Memphis, Tenn.
EFRstuS w Ross was chief clerk. Some OF
his relatives were such pronounced Union
men that Ross was suspected Of con-
niyance with the wholesale escape Of
prisoners in February, 1861 There was
Ia Ffrwr m
however. He was an intense SOutherner,
well educated and unapprOachabe through
corrupt means. On his return from meet
ing Of the Knights of Pythias in Richmond
late one evening IN 1873 he retired 10 his
room IN the SpUttswOOQ House with a COM
panion named Hines. a fire broke out
some time later. and Hines eXtTicated HIM
self Learning that Ross was still within
the building he fought his way back
through the flames and smoke, aud both
persisted. The Hines Lodge of Richmond
Is named in honor Of this true knight.
MI Frank E. Moran, in his account
termed Colonel Roses Tunnel at Libby
Prison." puts langul &c IN the mouth OF
Ross which he never could have used unless
IN jest. No native of Richmond could by
any p sSibllIty say. There's one thing,
sho', there's eight or ten OF you uns yere
that amt yere." There may be some back
woods districts in the South where such q
dialect Is heard, but not in Richmond.
The first consignment Of Union prisoners
arrived IN Richmond, July %, 1861, followed
the next day by others, all Of HON mad
been captured at the disastrous battle Of
Bull Run. These were confined in the Lig-
gUn Building. Up to June 20, 1862, there
had been 1900 men received into Libby.
They included most Of the Fourth New
Jersey and Eleventh Pennsylvania regi-
ments. Lieutenant T.. P. Turner, having
been promoted to captaincy, was ordered
The morning call., 1892-01-03

Well, l saw these men subjected to every
indignIty and cruelty which the devilish in
genuity of Dick Turner could devise. lie
even applied to the Secretary OF War for
permission TO apply corporal punishment to
the prisoners but TO Seddon's credit he re-
fused, not because he was opp sed to it on
principle, for he was a tigeT-hearted old
rascal himself, bat because he knew it was
contrary to the laws of war as conducted
by civilized nations. Then, too, lie feared
the United States Government would retail
late. Turner however, found other means
to punish the prisoners and resorted 10
abuses too indecent TO mention. He was
villain Of the deepest dye, and after the war
The morning call., 1892-01-03

stretching In simple majesty along the edge
of the plain beyond, like an immense wall.
four hundred miles long and two and half
miles high. varying in tone and colOrng with
the hour Of the day and the season of the
year.
Above theupper edge of the siIver-fr zore,
the forest consists of smaller pines and
spruces that sweep on higher among lakes,
meadows and glacial mOraines, until "tim-
600 to II, 900 feet. Above this rises the snow
laden, icy Sierra, vast wilderness of peaks
The morning call., 1892-01-03
Colonel was extricated barely in time to

save his life.
To prevent repetition of the mishap the
hole was slightly enlarged and they began
tunneliug at The southeast corner of the
cellar, their intention being to enter the
sewer in Dock street. This was found i'm
possible and the plan was given up. Mean
while Rose and Hamilton had increased
their party to fifteen. Two failures con-
WINGED the recruits that there was no earthly
chance Of success, and they withdrew from
the scheme, but the leaders kept at it, as
they were bound to do so long as any hope
remained. They struck in again at the
northeast corner of the building. the OBJ
The morning call., 1892-01-03
CALIFORNIA;
SNOWY SUBMITS.
The Entire Range Once Covered With
Immense Glaciers.
The Majestic Beauty of Mounts Ritter and
Humphrey-A Panorama Of Towering
Mountains and Glaciers.

The grandeur of California's mountain
scenery has long been the theme of song
and story, but it is doubtful If the half has
yet been told in regard to 1t. From the
summit of the Coast Range opposite San
Francisco may be seen the lofty Sierra
The morning call., 1892-01-03

The 6 feet by inch double seat will sup
port pa pounds, and the feet by inch
single seat 1S2 pounds, after being immersed
in fresh water twenty-four hours.
Life lines are fixed to The seat at the most
convenient narts.-Marine Engineer
The morning call., 1892-01-03

There are five Taylors in the House OF
Representatives, all Republicans, so that
this family control about one-seventeentb of
the votes In a Republican caucus. The
seven households of Taylor, Wilson. Hen
derson, johnson, Stone, Hopkins and Rus
sell will together make up one-ffth of the
Republican delegation.
The morning call., 1892-01-03
CENTRIFUGAL FORCE.
Two Very Simple Experiments Which VIII
illustrate Il.

Centrifugal force. which means flying
from the center, is the force which causes
an object to describe circle with uniform
velocity and to fly away from the center.
The morning call., 1892-01-03

The force that cOunteracts it is called the
centripetal force. A very simple expert
ment will illustrate it.
To represent its action we shall have re-
course to an ordinary glass tumbler placed
on round piece of card aboard, held firmly
in place by cords. Some water is poured in
the glass, and we then show that it can be
swung to and fro and around without being
spilled. even when the glass is upside down,
as in the first cut.
Another experiment on the same subject
is as shown in the above illustration, by
The morning call., 1892-01-03

Extending southwark is a row OF exceed.
ingly sharp and slender spires OF most
fantastic sculpture known as THE Min
.arets." Beyond these the snowy SUBMITS
Mount Whitney. near the head of Kern
River. with an altitude Of nearly 5000 feet
above the level of the sea. The cut OF
Mount Humphrey $4,000 feet high is taken
from a painting by w. Keith, aud repre-
sents that noble "palace of nature" as
viewed from the South Fork of the San
JOAQUIN
The morning call., 1892-01-03
ESCAPING FROM
LIBBY PRISON.
The First Authentic Account Of the
Secret Departure Of The FGdGTalS.
How the Union Soldiers Got Away From the
Prison Pen-Their Escape Was COnnived
Atby WI. Crane, the Guard on Duty

IBBY Prison has often
been written Up, ana
various versions have
been published of the
famous escape of Colonel
Rose and his comrades
from the Jail. But the
true and complete story
OF that escape has never
heretofore been told. 1
have recently come into
the possession Of evil
dence, never before pub
lished or even limited
at by previous writer's,
which shows how that
The morning call., 1892-01-03
Proof Arainst surprise,.

why did not you have me called at 6
o'cloek?" roared the commercial traveller,
as he faced the dazzling hotel clerk and
banged his fist on the register.
ddf' retorted the unabaSbed dazzler.
" You did not. sirp'
4" tell You did!'
"You'did not, sir, and can prove itP'
" No, you can't prove itv'
"Yes, l CAMP
prove it, thenp
We'll. you did not have me called AZ
o'clock because | did not leave word 10 be-
called at all! and the commercial traveller
grinned and looked for the hotel clerk %
blush and apologize
But he looked in vain. A little thing like
that wouldn't even make hotel CLERK 5 eve
lid hutter.-N Y. Tribune
The morning call., 1892-01-03

A new material is being made nv az gs
glish company which resembles heather saS
india rubber, and Will De made iRsa Aaass
aud shoes. waterproof olelAia6 AVID asAAt
similar products. II is known as elaesssta.
but the composition is not made pubic.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-01-23
JEWELED NOVELTIES.


New and Beautiful Combinations of Gold
and Gems
White enamel Easter lilies with
jeweled stamens surmount stick pins.
Heavy chased rings Tor men are fiat
rather than convex, and the ornament
is iucised instead of raised.
Knot chased rings are varied by a
stone sunk in the center The turquoise
produces one of the pretticst effects.
Friendship rings of twisted wire with
a tiny iewelcd pansy, forget-me-uot, OF
daisy on top are provided for the holi-
days.
Tiny hearts of enamel, moonstonc or
torquoise, pierced by gold arrow, are
n pretty and suggestive present as u
stick pin.
A white enamel apple blossom with
the edge of the petals overlapped with
frosted gold and a icweled center is a
new and pretty brooch.
The bow-knot grows more and more
coquettish. Surmounting stick pin
with jewel in one of it's fluttering
folds it adds the last touch to the toilet
In gold rings, chased bands usually
with n small incised border, are in.
tended for children. These usually
have plain disk on top intended for
the initial.
Comedy and tragedy appear to be
favorite designs in stick pins. Some
times they are represented by two
hooks in pink shell, and again by sin
gle laughing face pierced by gold
dagger.
The latest novelty in bracelets super
cedes knife settings, with ornamental
forms in which the larger jewels have
a cramp setting and the smaller Jewels
have gypsy setting. This places them
on different planes.
No woman was ever known to admit
that she had enough of stictl pins, which
accounts for the numbers of these
pretty trifies brought out for the holi.
days and destined to add to the gave,y
and convenience of half the population
One of the prettiest of the holiday
sights are the rings intended as gifts to
children. Flower rings take the lead
the forget-me-not and the daisy being
the most prominent. pretty variation
of the daisy ring has the petals in fine
gold wire.
The moonstonc leads in point of
beauty in children's rings. A pretty in.
stance was two small mooustones set
high; on each side and between them
were small rubics in gypsy settings A
crescent moonstone set with its lower
horn turned up in combination with
small rubies set above, is another pret-
ty design
The rings of secret societies make n
broad show about this time of year
The large gold bands with the emblems
in covered enamels are really very beau
tiful aside from their significance, The
rings of the Knights of Pythias take the
lead The rings of one order has a calla
lily in white enamel modelled and APP
piled. Jewellers Circular.
-Belle-"That Pruyn girls French is
atrocious, isn't it?" Blanche-"Yes, she
has the Hoboken accent Epoch.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-01-23
TO ExTERMlNArE RATS.
How One Farmer Cleared His Barn o
Rodent Intrudcrs.

How One Farmer Cleared His Barn OF
Rodent Intrudcrs.
/ have succeeded admirably in rid
ding my barn of rats and mice by mall-
ing huc about sixteen feet long, two
inches high by three wide, of rnplaned
timber, to enter which at either end
the rats have the best possible chance.
A peeli-hole in the side of the barn
ranges with tho center of this lue. In
the other side of the barn, also in range,
is a pane of glass Looking into this
peelS-hole the form of anything in the
trap is shown against the light, when
shove a rod that closes both ends of the
fiue Placing a cage at one end push
a follower through the tlue that com
pels the rat to enter the cage, which
being closed at the end next the fol
lower the rat is prisoner. He can now
be drowned.
The advantages of this trap are that
any rat that comes to my place is sure
to get into it, MS rats have natural
liking for such places. He is soon taken
out II prisoner without being hurt. No
squealing, no blood, no disturbance,
nothing to alarm the rats if there are
any about. They think their fellow
has gone visiting or exploring and enter
the trap as freely as before.
This trap has been in my barn twelve
years and is as useful as at first. Ii
it caught rats automatically its useful
ness would have played out IN two
weeks.
The hue must not be much larger
than the size given. Rats can pass each
other in that, and they will not lounge,
doze, flirt or quarrel in place that
cats can enter
Have a similar trap on the floor OF
corn-crib running its whole length.
This trap has two holes in the top to
enable the rats to get up into the corn,
try to make them happy and make
things inviting and convenient fof
chem. When The end doors of this traE
are closed the two holes in the top are
also closed. so there is no e escape.
The peek-holes are where / am often
passing, so it costs nothing to look into
the traps.
Farmers boys can exercise their in
genuity in making these traps; there
is no patent in the way. There must
be no appearance of trapping machin,
cry in sight Tor the rats will not
''come into your parlor" if they mis-
trust any trickery. Weather beaten
boards are the hest-B, A. Raboo, il
Farm, Field and Stockman.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-01-23

stick shown. This comes down over it
when the foot is placed on the board A.
The two are connected by q pin the
same as the foot of draw horse. To
hold up the fork while placing stick
for saving, Il notch must be cUS near
the top of one of the right hand legs to
catch the board a, When stick is put
on the knee presses against the board,
throwing it out OF the notch, and it
falls, bringing down the fork over the
log | cul my wood s feet long in the
forest, put it on the sled and when at
the pile work it up into stove length,
saving many chips With good saw
well set | can cut off blocks IL inches
in diameter. With proper arrange.
ments to save lifting the work is easily
done, If one is not the strongest. be
iieve in having wood cut in quantity
and dried Il year in advance. IS. Eden,
n. e. Homestead.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-01-23
ROADSIDE ORCHARDS.
why Farmers should Plant Fruit Trees
NNhnrnNer Insaihle.

wherever Possible.
That residents of towns and cities
have fruits of the seasons in greater
measure than the average tillcr Of the
soil is fact. proving that however
much may have been said or written on
the subject of fruit production for the
farmers table, as class we still need
slime upon line" that we may enjoy in
u higher sense the opportunities await
ing MS. The pleasure derived from
watching the growth and the fruitage
of the different varieties is u delight
that the uninterestod know not of. A
marvel Of productiveness is the yellow
transparent apple, % tree of which
fruited the first time on my grounds
last season. The clear white skin be-
comes pale yellow when mature; flesh
crisp, tender and juicy, moderately
acid; ripens about the laTt of Auguft;
truly valuable acquisition. Primate.
ripe about the same time, is anothe,
excellent variety. Sufficiently sour for
cooking. it is also much esteemed for
eating out of hand; very productive and
, hardy; should have place in every
collection of early apples. The old
early harvest belongs with the early
sour sorts; its merits are we'll and
| widely known. Tho old-timc swee'
bough, carly strawberry and golden
sweet are worthy of attention, al
ripening II little later than tn, forago.
ing, form Il succession of early apples
that afford plcasurable satisfaction tc
those having exercised the proper fore
thought | have trees of all of th'
above Except the first) planted by tn,
roadside; vigorous and productive; q
easy access TO the dwelling; also man,
of the later fall and winter varieties
A | together give notable reward in
financial way, as farm recommendation
they are unique and cheerful, and the J
afford 20 the passcr.by the opportunit.
TO test the eating qualities of fruit s,
conveniently near--a shared bounty o
of which all are made welcome partdlS
ers, and even expected to participate
as present pleasure, incentive to hom
planting, aud TO foster, perchnnce, du
gratitude to Him from whom comet
every perfect gift. Y. Tribune
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-01-23
IMPROVED SAW HORSE
There Is No Longer ANY Need of S,au
ing on one leg.

There Is No Longer ANY Need of sand
ing ON one Leg.
The man who works up his wood
pile with a buck saw knows how hard
it is to stand on one leg with a knee on
the stick while saving it. This horse
is arranged TO hold stick of any size
up to ten inches or foot and hold it so
fast it will never pinch the saw blade.
The body of the horse is 5 inches
thick and feet long, mounted on four
heavy legs let into it by means of an
augur2 inches in diameter -Four more
holes are bored through it to take pins
foot long, but they all project from
it's left side, willie the sawyer works at
It's right. These pins must incline a
little more than 45 deg. from the pur-
pendicular. In putting Il heavy stick
on the horse it. is not necessary to lift
it higher than Es body, as there are no
pins in the way on this side. 1t is held
on the horse by means of the forlSed
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-01-23
THE CORRECT WEIGHT.
Hogs Should Not BE Fed beyond Nil
Months of Age,

Hogs Should Not Re Fed Bcyond Nine
Months of Age.
Experiments made for the purpose of
determining the economic weight of Il
hog show conclusively that he never
should be fed beyond eight or nine
months of age, and the largest profit is
found, as rule, in weight not to eX-
ceed 200 pounds. What is known as
the food of support plays very impor-
tant part in the profit or loss of large
weights. Suppose, as many farmers
say, that Il resolution is made to turn
the hog when he reaches 300 pounds
lie must take from his food an in
creasing amount each day to support
the weight already gained or else he
drops back. The German experiments
indicate that 2 per cent, of the live
weight in food must be taken each day
to support that live weight If the
hog weighs 300 pounds this amounts to
six pounds of food daily. The only
profit is in the food that is applied to
make new weight
A recent pig feeding experiment at
the Maine station illustrates this prin-
ciple eXcellcntly, The pigs were taken
at ages ranging from five weeks to
eight weeks. During the first 100 days
of the experiment not far from two
pounds of digeStible food produced one
pound of growth, while during the last
fifty days the ratio was four pounds of
dIgestible food to one of growth Ev-
cry pound of pork made during the
last fifty days cost double TO that made
in the first 100 days.
The lesson taught by this principle is
practically stated that the most money
can be made from young hogs turned
at medium weight Chicago Inter
Ocean
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-01-23
FARM AND GARDEN.

IT is not necessary to plough a piece
of land but two on three inches if there
is a sod to be rotted On the new prai-
rie land the sod is simply turned over,
or skinned, il being found better than
to turn it under to great depth
a PRIZE was offered in Idaho this
season for the best yield of wheat on
one acre. The prize was won by "A
man named Woodward, who produced
100 bushels to the acre. His grain
was cut and thrashed under inspection
IT is advisable before arranging for
the house plants to give new earth TO
the pots, in order to avoid diseases of
the plants from the old earth previous
ly used Plants are always benefited
by change of earth, and the work is
easily done