davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
DANVILLE,

Harold Aver has returned for the sum-
mer.
Charles Mattocks spent a few days at
home last week.
Misses Myrtle Taylor and Lillian
TAYLOR are at c. H. Wilson's.
Bliss Davis from Buffalo, N. Y, is
spending his vacation here.
Harry Barber and Chas. Solomon have
gone to Bradford to pick Strawberries.
Noah Burdick had the misfortune to
lose a valuable horse this week, the sec
ond within a few months.
Fred Beckwith has moved to Chelsea,
where he hopes to do a larger business.
Our best wishes go with him.
There will be a 6. Y. sociable at Mrs.
Newell Williams, Friday evening, to
which all the young folks are cordially
invited.
There will be a promenade concert and
ball at the town hall Friday evening,
July 1. Music, St. Johnsbury orchestra.
Fireworks and band concert on the COM
mon at $50.
Z. F. Kittredge's speedy old brood
mare, Sue, (by Vermont Ranger) has
dropped a fine chestnut colt, by Rare
Ben. Sue is the dam of Max Patchen,
the promising three-vear-old destroyed
in the Danville confagration in 1889.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
RYEGATE

Rev. Mr.. Harris is suffering from a
~carbuncle on his hand.
William Whitelaw and wife returned
to their home in Hartford, Conn.,, last
Saturday.
Those who have been trying to hay
the past week are Disguised with the
weather.
Mrs. DR.. Beattie of Littleton, N. H.,
is visiting her mother-in-law, Mrs.
Beattie. this week.
A deer was seen in the pasture of S. F.
Nelson last Monday morning, less than
half a mile from this village. The animal
did not seem to be very wild.
Henry Park of Boston, a former resi-
lent of this town, is moving his family
into town, having bought the Geo. N
Park farm. We cordially welcome such
citizens as Mr.. Park back to town.
On the back side of Vim. F. Glib
sons house is a steep bank. A short
time ago Mr.. Gibson was removing a
double window standing on a -four
barrel, whenthe head gave way and al
disappeared down the bank. Mr.. Gibson
came out all right.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
LYNDON.

Gordon B.. Chase arrived home last
Thursday on his vacation from Yale col
lege.
Mr.. and Mrs. Will Bigelow of Boston
are visiting Mrs. Bigelow's parents, Mr..
and Mrs. Curtis Stevens,
Miss Caro- L. Mattocks celebrated asst
Thursday the fifteenth anniversary of her
birthday by a pleasant party of young
people.
Charles B.. Hubbard and William S.
Mattocks started for Boston Wednesday
morning to make arrangements with ref
erence to Mr.. Mattocks' entering the In
stitute of Technology.
The ladies' aid society of the NJ. E.
church nave announced a lawn party to
be held on the parsonage grounds next
Friday evening, at which cake and ice
cream will be served from six to nine
o'clock.
G. L. Zimmerman died Sunday morn
ing, June 26, at the residence of his
father-in-law, Rev. P. B. Fisk, and the
funeral vas attended Tuesday afternoon
by Rev. L. Dodd. On account of the high
water Rev. Mr.. Fairbanks was unable to
reach here, as were also some of Mr.. Zim-
merman's friends from the scale works.
He leaves a wife and two little children.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
SUTTON.

L. w. Watson has been very sick with
Inflammation of the bowels the past
week, but it is hoped he is better at this
writing.
Children's day is to be observed next
Sabbath by a sermon to the children in
the morning by the pastor, and a o
cert by the Sabbath schoolin the evening.
Mrs. Charles Ferrin, wife of the late
Robert Johnson of St. Johnsbury, who
died there some years since. died Satur-
day. She had been in poor health for
some time past.
The next session of the Vermont year
ly meeting of Free Baptists is to be held
with the church at West Derby, Sept. s.
II. Further notice and the programme
will be given later.
The village school taught by Miss Elva
Smith closed a successful term Friday
afternoon with appropriate exercises.
Miss Smith is to return again for the
next term, we understand, III the fall.
Rev. r. w. Churchill went to Worcester,
Mass, to the annual meeting of the
Massachusetts Association of Free Bap-
fists, the 18th, being the delegate from
the Vermont yearly meeting to hat body.
Mrs. George Warner of St. Johnsbury
has been in town the past week visiting
her brother, DIR. Colby, and other friends
and former acquaintance, and the early
scenes in her native town. She found
but few left of her early associates.
There is to be a lawn party in front OF
Rev. r. w. Churchill's on Wednesday
evening, July 9th. Picnic supper and ice
cream are to be served, and a literary en-
tertainment is to be given, consisting OF
singing, Rotations, etc.
Harley Whipple and wife, who went to
North Carolina in February, 1891, with
his father and mother and others, re-
turned this week quite unexpectedly to
all. 1t is said that the climate there did
not agree with his wife and she could not
stay there longer.
There have been % burials at the vii
lage cemetery, 81 of them were adult
persons, since the first of1ast September,
fifteen of the grown persons dying in
town and six dying elsewhere and being
brought back to the old town for a rest
ing place among their kindred.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
BOSTON & MAINE R. R,
PAssUMPsIC DIVISION
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES JUNE %, 1891
Trains Leave st. } ohnsbury.

GOING SOUTH
For Concord, Manchester, Nashu Lowell
and Boston via White River Junction,
1910 a. M, S.56 a. M, 9.45 a. m. Arriv-
ing at Boston, sos a. M, and 4.55 p. m.
D. m.
For Concord, Manchester, Nashua, Lowell
and Boston via Wells River and Plymouth,
1.4O a. M, $50 a. m, 9.45 a. M, 2.34 p.
m. Arriving at Boston, SIS a. M, ass p.
m, S.55 p m.
For Bellows Falls, Northampton Spring
field, Hartford, New Haven and New York,
1910 a. m, $50 a. m. and 9.45 a. m.
For Newbury, Bradford, Fairlee, Thetford,
Norwich and White River Junction, 1910
am, $50 a. M, and 5.54 p. m.
For Passumpsic, Barnet and McIndoes,
$50 a. m, and 5.54 p. m.
$50 a. m, e.45 a. m, 2.a4 p. M, 5.54
p. m, 1918 p. m. (mixed).
GOING NORTH.
For Lyndonville and Newport, 2.22 a. m,
3.15 a. M, 1913 a. M, 3.13 p. m, 4.27 p
M, 500 p. m.
For West Burke, Barton and Barton Land
ing, 3.15 a. M, 1913 a. M, 4-27 p. m,
For Stanstead and Derby Line, Massawippi,
North Hatley, L~ennoxville and Sherbrooke,
3.15 a. M, 3.13 p. m, 500 p. m.
For Quebec via Sherbrooke and Grand Trunk
Ry, 3.15 a. m, 500 p. m.
For Quebec via Sherbrooke and Quebec Cen
trail Ry., 3.15 am, 500 p. m.
For Montreal via Sherbrooke and Grand
Trunk Ry., BIS a. m, 500 pm.
For Montreal via Newport and Canadian
Pacific Ry., 2.22 a. m, 3-13 p m.
]. w. SANBORN, D. ]. FLANDERS,
Acting Gen. Man. Gen. Pass. Agt.
H. E. S Div. Supt-
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
Beware of O~iutnentS for Catarrh that
Contain Mercury.

as mercury will surely destroy the sense
of smell and completely derange the
whole system when entering it through
the mucous surfaces. Such articles
should never be used except on prescrip-
lions from reputable physicians, as the
damage they will do is tenfold to the
good you can possibly derive from them.
Halls Catarrh Cure, manufactured by
F. J. Cheney & CO., Toledo, O., contains
no mercury, and is taken internally, act
ing directly upon the blood and mucous
surfaces of the system. In buying Halls
Catarrh Cure be sure you get the genuine
1t is taken internally and made in Tole-
do Ohio. by FL. Cheney & Co. Testi-
monials free.
@~Sold by Druggists, price 75c. per bot
tie.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
CENTER.

Prof. Ranger is attending
this week.
E. B. Laid and w. A. Corliss have
greatly improved their premises by
grading and filling.
Guy M. Winslow, Bates college '95,
Institute 81, made a brief call here last
Friday. on his way to his home at
Barton Landing.
E1wyn Campbell, who has been i'll
with typhoid fever since May 20, has
had a relapse, but is again slowly i'm
proving. Miss Ellie Campbell is very
sick with typhoid and rheumatic fever.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
LUNENBURG

Miss Flora Dodge is at home from
Newport, n. H., for a visit.
new floor was laid in the toll bridge
prOvement.
DIR. George F. Adams formerly Of this
town, but now of Derby, vas in town
several days last week.
Refreshments will be served in the park
in the afternoon and evening of the
Fourth of July by the ladies of the Meth
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
LYNDONVILLE.

The base ball club are expecting new
uniforms this week.
{. D. Hubbard, who has the contract
to build F. E. Stevens new house on
Centre street. commenced this week.
Edward Bodwell and Harley Howe,
students in the low school of Michigan
University, are home for the summer
vacation.
The salary of our postmaster is in
creased from $1,000 to $11OO, dating
from July 1. Another evidence of the
growth and prosperity of Lyndonville.
The Pettigrew Manufacturing Co.
have put a new boiler into their shop
and will run a wheelright and repair
shop in addition to their machine and
blacksmith shop.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
PRESS COMMENT.
Republicans safisfTed with 1t.

If a majority ofthe democrats are suited
with the denomination of Grover Cleve-
land.-as tits fair to presume is the case,
all the republicans are suited with it.
They are more than ready to try conclu-
s1ons once more with the democrats, on
the lines of 1888. In what state is Mr..
Cleveland stronger than he was four
years ago! Not one can be named. In
the great pivotal state of New York he is
Enthusiastically weaker.-[Burlington Free
Press.
Evidence of Appreciation.
Congressman CIRCUITS denomination
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
H TOWNS AROUND.
EAST RARNEr

E. c. Pierce paid us a flying visit on
Wednesday.
Our town bridge looks quite new now
that it has a new iron roof.
Mrs. A. B. Norris and daughter, Mrs.
Snyder, are visiting friends in Burke.
Don't forget the promenade and straw
berry festival in the hall at this place
Friday eve, July /. Good music will be
furnished by McIndoes Harmonic Orches-
ira.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
CT-EFIELD.

We stand at high water mark.
l. H. Kenaston and family from South
birmingham, Mass, aretaking the fresh
air for a short time on Gilbert square at
c. B. Simpsons.
Sadie Chase Wright, who has been at
her brothers, Amasa Chase. in this vii
lage, died Monday morning funeral was
held on Wednesday.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
CLOVER.

H. Grow and wife are in town.
DIR. Wallace Scott and wife are visiting
their parents.
Fernando Stone is on from the West
to see his mother.
The Village Improvement society give
an entertainment Wednesday evening.
Geo. Wilson is making repairs on his
shop.-Jerrie Walker is putting in a still
preparatory to making cedar oil.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23

for a fifth term is an indication that they
appreciate their capable and faithful
public servants up IN Vermont. Mr..
Grout is aman of decided force OF char
acter and one OF the most conspicuous of
our New England representatives.
Boston Journal.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
SOUTH WALDEN.

w. S. Dutton and wife arrived from
Massachusetts last Friday and are at
his father's.-Miss Florence Thurston is
in town from Bloomfield.
Two of the old time residents of this
town, Mrs. Cameron, died at East Hard
wick last week, her funeral being held on
Sunday. She leaves many relatives in
this place.
A young child of Geo. Kay, at the
Heights, was taken i'll with diphtheria
and died last week. There has beer one
case previous to this, out the patient re-
covered. Mrs. Kay and another child are
sick at this writing.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
VEST BURKE.

The hardest shower of the season was
here on Saturday afternoon.
Fred Craig, who attempted to run a
meat cart and market here, has thrown
it up and moved down on to Booth
Browns farm.
Mrs. NJ. W. Stoddard sold her house
hold goods at auction last Saturday, F.
w. Silsby welding the hammer. They
are reported as selling very low.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
NORTH DANVILLE.

Mrs. F. R. Palmer and son Ray are
visiting friends and relatives in Cabot
this week.
Mrs. ]. R. Franklin and two children
from West Derby are visiting relatives
and friends in this place.
Mrs. F. R. Palmer has a night bloom
ing cereus that had two beautiful bios
SONS in full bloom last Saturday night.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23

MIS-. LOI ana 0IIsDy anu HOI IHOCCs
spent last Saturday and Sunday with
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Curtis at their
pleasant home in STAFFORD, N. H.
The Ladies circle connected with the
Methodist church gave an ice cream
party at the hall last Wednesday even
ing; about fifteen dollars was raised.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
ORLEANS COUNTY NOTES

The third annual session of the Orleans
county summer school opens at Barton
August 1st.
Newport's celebration on the Fourth
will be a big thing, and hundreds of peo-
pie are planning to go.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
WHEN
ADAM g. EVE

Were on this earth, there were no Insurance
Companies. Now they are plenty and good
ones too. Among the very best is the State
Mutual Life of Mass. Don't take my word
for it but investigate.
CHAS. S. HASTINGS, Gen. Agt..
Over Post Office. St. JohnSbury. VT.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
DOGS!

have four of the prettiest puppies for sale
to be found in the country. The mother is
the famous "NETTLE," without doubt
the most teachab1e and intelligent dog in the
country, and as a partridge dog she has no
equal. She is fox inbred. of fox color, and
possesses, to a wonderful degree, the best in
tricks than any dog in the ~country-under
standing language in a most remarkable
manner, kind disposition, always at home.
1t is a chance of a lifetime to secure a most
valuable and intelligent puppy. Call quick.
L. w. ROWELL.
70 Ea steru Avenue.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
ST, JOHNSBURY AND
LAKE R. R.

Trains Leave ST. J~ohnsbury.
GOING WEST.
For Danvil1e, West Danvi1le, Walden, Green's
boro, East Hardwick, Hardwick, Morris
vile and Hyde Park, 7.35 a. m, 500 p
m, and sos p. m.
For Johnson, Cambridge Junction, Burline-
ton, Fletcher, Fairfield, Sheldon, Highgate
and Swanton, 7.35 a. M, 800 p. m.
For Stanbridge, St. Johns, and Montreal via
East Swanton, $50 p. m.
GOING EAST.
For East ST. Johnsbury, North Concord,
Miles Pond and ~Lunenburg, 2.3O a. m,
$50 p. m, $50 p. m.
For Whitefield. Fabyans, Crawfords. Glen,
North Conway, Fryeburg, Portland,
Brunswick, Lewiston, Augusta, Waterville,
Bangor and St. John, $50 a. m, 2.5Op. m.
H E. FOLSOM, D. ]. FLANDERS,
Supt. Gen. Pass. Agt.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
BANK STOCK FOR SALE.

Six shares of stock of Bank of NewburJ
Enquire at this Office.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23
BIRTH CARDS.

Tasty, new designs in Birth Cards. Socie
ty cards of all kinds at short notice.
At this Office.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1892-06-23

New Advertisements.
The Portland daily press., 1892-09-15

Rev. John Clarence Lee, who has recently
been elected president of the Lombard Univer-
sity, Galesburg, ILL.,, says the New York Tri-
bune, is a member of an interesting If not
great family. His father, the Rev. John Steb-
bins Lee, D. D., is professor OF ecclesiastical
history and archaeology in the theological de-
partment of st. Lawrence University. Canton,
NY. His mother was also teacher at the
time of her marriage. She is now one OF the
leading artists of st. Lawrence county, which
boasts of number who are noted in art circles.
Dr. and Mrs. Lee have brought up five chill
dren-two girls and three boys-all of whom
have graduated from st. Lawrence, which is
college for both sexes. The eldest son, Leslie
A. Lee is professor of biology at Bowdoin Col
lege, Brunswick. He has been connected with
several of the scientific expeditions sent out I'M
der the auspices of our government, and was
the leader of the Labrador expedition in 1891.
The second son. John Clarence Lee, has been
connected with Lombard for several years as
professor in both the College of Letters and the
Theological School. The third son, Frederic S.
Lee, is professor of biology in the medical de-
partment of Columbia College, New York He
took the course at Johns Hopkins, and was for
several years connected with Bryn Mawr. The
eldest daughter, Miss Florence Lee. is teacher
of music at Knox College, Galesburg. Miss
Gertrude Lee has been a student Of art in New
York She taught in the State Normal School
at Fredonla, N. Y, last year. and has gone to
Paris for further study.
The Portland daily press., 1892-09-15
Wharf Items.

The sea yesterday was about as rough as any
this year, and in the harbor the island steamer
had to labor hard with the wind. The Cadet,
while making a landing at Cushing's Island,
bumped against the wharf and barked her nose
The Mary E. Hogan. while swinging across
from Custom House wharf to Randall & Meal
listers coal sheds yesterday, caught her boom
in the rigging of the Jason and broke her top
sail clew line.
The steam yacht Halsecon Of New York is
again at anchorage opposite the Yacht Club
house.
The two-masted schooner Eva May, Captain
McDuffy, has been taking granite blocks from
Mt. Desert to New York. Yesterday she came
in to Central wharf with a small leak in her
somewhere and made fast on the end of the
wharf In the afternoon the tug Demarest
brought her further in the dock where she will
be tried.
The neat two masted schooner Mranus. Cap
tain Norwood. came in yesterday with load
of coal from Philadelphia for the Harpswell
Steamboat Company.
Captain Packard's little steamer the Daisy
was inspected yesterday and will soon be EN-
ployed to carry mackerel from Small Point.
In spite of the wind and rain yesterday, two
boys were on the wharf and while their over
coats blew over their heads they hauled in soul
pins and founders in abundance.
The Portland daily press., 1892-09-15
sunday SCHOOL Convention.

The oath annual convention of the Maine
State Sunday School Association will take place
at Bath, October 18th, 18th and 18th. The
programme will be unusually interesting. Miss
Lucy Wheelock will give addresses Tuesday af-
ternoon and evening Professor Amos Il.
Wells, well known in Sunday school and Chris
tan Endeavor circles, is engaged for the con-
vention, and MIR. Henry T. Bailey of Massachu-
sets, whose delightful and instructive black
board exercises have received highest common
dation, has consented to take place on the
programme Maine workers will be pleased to
hear that an address will be given by Rev. F..
N. Peloubet, D. d. who will also give valuable
aid in the general work of the session. The
executive committee confidently expect the
presence and cooperation in the convention OF
Hon. B. F. Jacobs of Chicago, president OF the
International executive committee. and fore
most in the ranks of the Sunday school work
ers of the world. The music for the occasion
will be under able direction.
The churches and Sunday schools OF Bath
send out united and hearty invitation. Write
for entertainment (naming denomination OF
SCHOOL, to Superintendent S. T. Snipe, of enter
tainment committee, Sunday school convention,
Bath. Me. Half fare on all railway and steam
boat lines.
The Portland daily press., 1892-09-15
Cnmber,and County Fair.

Owing to yesterdays storm the fair was not
open yesterday, but it will be today and will
continue through Saturday. All the events put
down for Wednesday will occur today. There
will be a splendid 2.33 class race for purse OF
$3.50; three-year-old for purse of 500, and
Il two-year-old for purse of $75. There is a
fine collection OF exhibits in the hall and tempt
iny horticultural display.
Trains will leave Portland for the Gorham
Fair grounds as follow: 7.30, 80. 1870 a.
m. and 70. 80 and Ito p. m. The round trip
fare will be seventy cents which will include
admission to the fair.
The Portland daily press., 1892-09-15
Disposal of Garbage.

The proper di sposal of garbage is serious
question at this time. gWhen it is given to earth,
or sea, it often returns to plague the giver If
it is dumped into the sea, the fish are driven
away, the air is vitiated, and it is not improba-
BILE that some of the refuse comes back TO the
shore with the tide. The system of cremating
garbage is undoubtedly an excellent plan of re-
moving the nuisance. 1t has been tried in
England with success and there it has brought
back money the city authorities. Fire is the
great purifier as well as the destroyer, and as
the population of the world increases the refuse
of the world grows more and more dangerous
if it is not deprived absolutely of its poisonous
properties Our health authorities cannot, in
conjunction with the street committee, be too
particular about all plague spots in the town.
The Portland daily press., 1892-09-15
CELEBRATE THIS EVENING.
There VIII Be Grand Republican Parade
and illumination.

AS it was rainy last evening the Republican
parade and celebration was postponed to this
evening, when it will take place. Besides the
splendid Portland Republican battalion, the
Harrison Guards of Westbrook, one of the fin
est companies in the state, will participate in
the parade The parade will move over the fol-
lowing route: Up Congress to Carleton, to
Pine to Emery to Spring, to Bracket to Gray,
to State, to Deering, to High, to Cumberland, to
North, to Melbourne, to Merrill, to Congress, to
Munjoy, to Wilson, to Atlantic, to Monument
to Sheridan, to Congress, to Monument Square,
where the parade will be dismissed. The Re-
publican clubs of the city and all Republicans
are invited to take part in the parade. Those
marching will form ON Congress street with the
campaign companies, at Monument Square.
Those in carriages will form on Middle
street, right resting on Monument Square. The
campaign companies will pay their compliments
to the governor-elect at the Falmouth Hotel,
before breaking up the line of march. Chand-
ler's full band will lead the parade.
The citizens generally are requested to illum-
mate.
The Portland daily press., 1892-09-15
He spirited Away a Carriage.

Sometime ago Mr.. F. o. Bailey. who has the
large horse and carriage Mart on Plum street,
missed carriage from his stock. 1t disap-
peared as completely as if it had evaporated.
Mr.. Bailey hunted high and low without sue
cess. and then went to Detective E. N. Perry.
Mr.. Perry ascertaned that Mr.. Bailey had had
a new man doing some work about the Mart for
a few days, and there were some suspicious cir
cumstances that pointed to him. The result OF
Mr.. Perry's operations was that the carriage
was found at Portland paint shop, where a
new coat of paint would soon have disguised
it. Several minor changes had also been made
on the trimmings, apparently by the man who
spirited it away. The man who is suspected
claims that he came honestly by the carriage;
but it is thought that his conduct will bear in
yestigation.