Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-12-03

gathered facts will
| serve to illustrate the dangers threatening from
the present system Of gathering the poverty
stricken. the diseased and the criminal Of for
eign nations for shipment to America.
During the year 1891 twice as many HEBREW
as are now In the Holy Land disembarked at
the port OF New York. Practically all of them
were paupers and so, 900 Of them came from
Russia. There are $500, 900 more of them In
Russia and they are all coming over The fund
OF $40 200 600 given by Baron Hirsch will suffice
70 fetch them all to America within Q few
| years. They land without a penny In their
pockets and the only industry they ever under
| take Is a kind Of peddling which ia semi
| mendicancy. The Hirsch fund provides each
OF them with few dollars wherewith to pay
Tor stock OF shoestrinss, collar buttons, sus-
| penders or other such merchandise Already
Hebrew vendors Of this description average
eight to block in New York city. The Rus
sian government desire to get rid Of them as
| they never produce anything. If land il given
| them they farm it out to others and live on the
rent. Nevertheless it is not apparent why the
car should be permitted to shift this burden
off on the United States
CONVICT IMMIGRANrs.
| In 1880 there were %, 900 convicts in prison
and on tickets-of-leave in England At present
there are less than 120O0in all. This reduction
has been accomplished by shipping British
| criminals to this country. 1t is a most profit
able system, relieving England Of dangerous
citizens and signifying a saving Of $40 year
| for each person thus transported. There are
about ninety so-called discharged prisoners aid
| societies in Great Britain While nominally
private benevolent organizations, they are in
| reality agents Of the government. Before
| convict is discharged an officer from one Of the
societies visits him in prison and arranges with
him that he shall 60 to the United States. He
nearly always assents because he is only too
glad to escape police surveillance and to get
away from the record which faces him in every
cour: whenever he commits a new crime. III
he accepts the proportion the government
hands hlm over to the society, paying to the
ciety at the same time $50 Out of this sum
the society pays SIT. so for the convicts ticket
to America. An official accompanies him to
the port, BUYS his ticket furnishes him with
Clothes bedding and other necessaries and
hands him the balance of Sl2.5O on the depart
ure of the ship.
SHORT IMPRISONMENT AND LONG SURVEILLANCE.
With view to getting rid Of as many crimi-
mails as possible In this way the British govern
ment has adopted system Of imposing a short
term OF imprisonment and long term Of sur
velllance on offenders against the laws Thus
after a brief time the convicts can be released
and have every inducement to get out of the
country. Not infrequently judge will actually
withhold punishment on condition that the in
dividual shall consent to 60 to the United States
Thousands on thousands of Englishmen, de-
clared guilty of the gravest crimes and, released
In the manner described are now in this
country, most Of them continuing to prosecute
their professional warfare against society On
arriving here the deported criminal promptly
changes his name and begins q new career I'M
embarrassed by past misdoings. 1t is positively
known that in very many instances such per-
sons receive pecuniary aid from the British
societies after their arrival on this side of the
water, such assistance being transmitted in the
shape of postal orders.
ENGLISH PAUpERs
In 1865 the paupers in England and Wales
numbered Al in every 1000 of population. At
present they are counted ut only 20 in 1 900.
This reduction of more than one-half has been
accomplished by sending persons of this class
to the United States. Obviously when charge
on the community can be got rid of forever at
cost Of only S17. so to $40 for a passage across
the ocean it is much cheaper than to support
that individual for the rest of his or her life
Lord Derby says: with population already
congestei and growing at the rate Of l 500 OO0a
year, England must be an emigratlng country
To dispose OF the growing swarms of the poorer
classes is not only matter OF humanity, but
one also of public safety" Safety that is to-
say, for England but certainly a peril for the
United States. Cardinal Manning says that
lone of England's greatest blessings is her
ability to get rid of her pauper classes through
emigration" America, of course, can be
reached far more cheaply than any other coun-
try available for the purpose. Thus it is that
homeless chifdren are gathered by thousands
from the streets Of Liverpool and other cities
and sent hlther Likewise nearly 100 charita-
BILE shelters for fallen women in Great Britain
ship their more or less reclaimed unfortunates
to us. The Russian Hebrews now pouring into
England are passed on to America because it
is cheaper to pay their fare than to keep them.
FOREIGNERS IN OUR JA1Ls.
Under these circumstances it is not sur
prising to learn that 40 per cent of the persons
at present confined in the jails and asylums Of
the United States are foreigners In New
England the percentage rises to IS per cent
During the year 1891 thare were fifty-eipht
homicides in Allegheny county. Pa. All of
them were committed by aliens or naturalized
foreigners. Italy contributes the greatest
number of immigrants to our shores. Five
thousand murders occur annually in that
country. These people bring hither their
secret society organizations, such AZ the Malta,
the objects Of which are murder, highway rob-
berry. blackmail, theft and all other crimes.
More than $50. 900 of them come over YEARLY.
Great numbers of them return to Italy every
autumn and come back again in the spring
They can pay fares both ways, spend four
months i'll idieness at home, and yet earn in
the season they spend in the United States
more than double what they could il they
worked in their native land all the year around.
lhere are 22.OOO 600 of these undesir-
able foreigners in Italy now who may be said
to be on the point of emigration to the United
States. They take nearly all Of their earnings
back home with them, being content to live
while here In the meanest and most degraded
fashion. They do not even take the trouble to
learn our language. Let anybody who wants to
see how this sort Of thing works 20 to the coal
fields OF Pennsylvania and see the towns and
villages which before the advent Of this alien
horde were inhabited by American workingmen
and their families in comfortable circumstances
Today all is changed. The American citizen is
gone, and the home Of his family is the shelter
OF from ten to twenty men, with one or two
women to cook for them. These foreigners
have driven out the Americans because their
labor is cheaper. They work under the "store"
slavery system, and the manager Of the COM
pany employing them is agent for several lines
OF steamers, importing laborers from abroad in
any desired numbers by means Of prepaid
tickets. Ii this system Is to be continued
few years from now the American workinRman
will have to be content with one room for his
family, and will be compelled to live under the
same poverty-stricken circumstances as govern
the condition of labor in foreign countries
THE TRANSPORTATION OF IMMIGRANTS
Because the steamship lines have found the
transportation of immigrants vastly profitable
business they have adopted every possible
means to induce the most poverty
stricken and least desirable classes of foreign
ers to come to this country. The Hamburg
Packet Company, which brought Asiatic choi-