davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
THEY DON'T LIKE III
The Methodist Conference ar
Sterling, Ill.
DECLARE WAR ON THE POPE
Archbishop ITeland's Faribsuis School
System Is Condemned by Resolu-
ton. But Has Some Defenders

STERLING, H.. Oct. l0.-Tne Metho-
dists in conference here today made
vigorous attack on Catholic interfer-
ence with the public school system. Ii
came IN the report OF the educational
committee. presented by ID. l.. Tomp-
kins. The report said:
The American public schools are In
danger. The danger IS occasioned by
the very thing that Washington said
should not be tolerated-foreign inter-
ference. Against this interference, We
emphatically protest. Firmly believ-
ing that the pope and the bishops are
CRIMINALS against some of the best
things in human life we should athr hrm
that the Roman pohcyinA should
be put IN quarantine. We condemn
Archbishop lreland's Farlbault school
scheme aud III view of very recent ut
terances of the Roman Catholic con-
gress at Newark, We do not believe the
atirmations made by this willy prelate
on his return from Rome that "Cahen-
slyism IS dead" Compulsory educa-
tion is civil necessity IN this country.
We must protect ourselves from the
tide OF ignorance and prejudice rolling
IN upon US from Roman Catholic Eu-
rope or perish IN the threatenlng dew
astation. Wherever the Latin church
flourishes her people are criminally
kept IN ignorance and the state is
wlckedly denied its independence.
She says: elf the pope demands it the
authority of the state must be braved,
human affections must be dlsregarded,
life must be sacrificed" Therefore,
reatfirming our thorough confidence in
the public school system,
Resolved, That we as a church stand
opposed TO any encroachment from
any quarter that would lessen the iu-
fiuence or diminish the vigor of this
most essential factor in our national
well-being.
A Storm of Objections.
Then there was a storm of objections
G.. s. Young of Grand Crossing de-
clared the language was too strong; he
didn't think the conference had the
right to call Archbishop Ireland a
"wily prelate," and Thought the reso-
luton should be more guarded. DR..
Dandy of Aurora said that Cahensly-
ism had nothing to do with the confer
ence's report on public schools and
should be striken out. j. w. Lea Of
Elizabeth and DR.. Axtell followed, the
latter taking the ground that Cahen-
slyism threatened the destruction of
the public school system and should be
denounced. Presiding Elder Burns de.
Tended Archbishop Ireland and there
by stirred up row about his own ears.
81 think Ireland is on the right track
about this matter" said the elder. A
hundred voices cried "No, no." but he
did not finch.
"l believe he is an American in his
views of this matter" continued the
elder. "He Is on the advancing side of
the question. The remarks regarding
him should be dropped from this reso-
luton"
Presiding Elder Burns made a mo-
tion to pass the resolution with the ex-
ception of the personal remarks regard
ing Archbishop Ireland. and 1t passed
with little opposition.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
plvIsloN or skNrINaKr.
The Supreme Court Divided On Az
Evidences Question.

The Supreme Court Divided On AZ
Evidences Question
LANSING, Oct l0.--Araong the last
opinions handed down by the supreme
court was one IN The People We. QuAns-
from, who was convicted of blgsmY
upon the complaint and testimony OF
his first wife N the court below, h0t
which convection was set aside IA the
supreme court upon the ground that
the testimony OF the wife Was not sd-
misslble under the statute, and Tue
doctrine laid down that a prosecution
for bigamy dOes not grow out of . per-
soDal wrong or injury 10 the FIRST wife,
but rather 10 The institution OF mar
rage. says the court: If the crime Is
not against her il ls not = wrong that
is personal 10 her. Justice Mct3Tata
writes the opinion and Cates long list
OF authorities IN support OF hls posi-
ton, and Justices Montgomery and
Long concur.
Chief Justice Morse writes q dissent
ing opinion IN which Justice Grant
concurs IN which the revised constTuo-
tlon of the statute Is maintained. and
that blgamy u as clearly personal
wrong or INJURY as Is adultery Win
which il is insepaFably connected and
IN which the wife ls permitted under
the statute TO testify against her hus-
band.
Quoting from the opinion. "If the
word personal ls restricted 10 the naF-
row sense of beating pr wonndinR Of
the person the act of flgsmy may pos
slbly be excluded from the meaning Of
the statute. In ny opinion.
if adultery had not been specially eK-
cepted In the statute the wiie would
have been under IL competent witness
against her Husband. Tne eXception
being made proves that II was thought
necessary 10 take il out from under
the statute
Further, ] cannot believe that the
legislature intended that while a wife
or husband may make compliant
against the other for adultery. they
cannot do so IN bigamy which en-
braces adultery. The correction was
night and should have been sustained"
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
THINKS VIRGINIA ROBs HIM.
The Direct Tax Collection gain Brought
to Notice.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 10.-Assistant Sec
retary Netileton has written letter to
Frank Hunter of Norfolk, Va, stating
that the government cannot give advice
vice TO individuals as how TO proceed in
the collection of the direct tax paid the
state Of Virginia. Mr.. Hunter com
plains that the state agents deduct 5
per cent from all amounts paid TO indi-
vldusls as their share of the direct tax.
He thinks this is an injustice and wants
the whole amount. After declining to
give the advice, Mr.. Nettleton states
that he thinks IL was the expectation
OF congress that applicants should re-
ceIve the full amount due them. 1t 10
known, however, at the treasury de.
partment that each state necessarily
incurred considerable expense in tran
scribing the direct tax books in the
treasury department, without which il
would have been impossible TO know
to whom the money and the amount
due each should be paid. tisthought
the deduction of per cent is made to
cover tins expense.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
GOV. M'KINLEYs ASSIGNMENTS.
The Announcement of His Western APP
pointmcnts Tor October.

NEW York, Oct. l0.-Secretary l.. +.
McComss of the reception committee
made the following announcements to-
night: Gov. William Mckinley Will
attend the worlds fair ceremonies and
be IN Chicago October u and 90. Dur
ing his stay he will speak In that city
and probably in Northern Illinois. He
will leave Chicago the night of October
%. The Hon. X. &. Kerins of the nat
ional executive committee has been de-
tailed to accompany Governor Mckin-
ley on the following tour, reaching
Missouri on the morning of October 81.
Governor Mckinley will make brief
speeches ut certain towns along the
line of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa
Fe road. He will speak at Kansas City
the afternoon of October 81, and at
Leavenworth the same night. He will
leave Leavenworth the next morning
for st. Louis over the Missouri Pacific
road, speaking briefly at stations en-
route. He will speak at st. Louis on
the night of October 25. He will leave
st. Louis the morning of October 20,
travelling over the Wabash road SPEAK
ing briefly at some of the stations in
Illinois, and will speak that afternoon
at Danville and the same night at
Terre Haute, Ind. Governor Mckinley
will go thence to Columbus.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Cabinet Officers TO Attend.

WAsHfSGroS, Oct. l0.-The several
members of the cabinet assembled to-
day at the state department TO deter
mine upon the arrangements for the
vIHt to New York to participate III the
Columbian celebration. Secretary Of
Treasurer Foster is in northern New
York and will reach New York city
Wednesday morning. Secretaries
Tracy and Rusk will go tonight. At
torney General Miller and Secretary
Elkins tomorrow night; Postmaster
General Wsnamaker Will reach there
"Wednesday ana Secretary OF state FOs-
ter Thursdsy. All the members Of the
cabinet will attend the dedication OF
the Worlds fair buildings in Chicago
on the 2ist inst. Their wives Will ac-
company them and several will also
take other members of their families.
Details Of tue trip have not yet been
settled.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Collision On The Rio Gr.nde.

DFxvER, oct. ia Rio Grsnde
passenger train colllded with a fre ght
train 81 COtspsIl, nesr sqlids, this
morning. Express Messengers self and
Galloway were very seriously injured
and may die. Conductor Young and
Fireman Ash. Of the freight tram, were
badlv injured. mistske Of the oper-
stcr caused the wreck. IL was al this
point that Burt Curtis and Peg leg"
ne up q tram eighteen months sgo.
Messenger Galloway wss iu charge of
treasure. $4,000 Of winch wss taken.
The robbers are nov in the Detroit
house pf correct on.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
MINER BILL HEARING.
II May Be the First Case On the Su-
prcme Court Docket.

preme Court Docket.
WAshINGToS, Oct. l0.-Chief Justice
Fuller will 20 to New York this week,
but not especially TO see the Columbian
celebration. The determination of the
priority of cases in the supreme court
tomorrow will determine the time of
MS departure. The probabilities now
are that the Michigan spportlonment
law will first be taken up. 1t certainly
will be If the argument can be con-
cluded at one sitting. Attorney Gen
eral Miller will take part IN the argu-
ment of the Michigan case and If 1t
comes up will accompany Chief JUS
tice Fuller TO New York tomorrow
night. should the Chicago lake front
case first occupy the attention of the
court, Chief Justice Fuller can leave
for New York early in the dav tomor-
row, as he will not SIT in that case. The
chief justice has been requested TO at
tend the meeting of the board of trus-
tees of the Peabody educational fund
and preside in the absence of Robert G..
Winthrop, who is not able to be pres
emit
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11

Som. rne sror, Witnessed on the Ken
tucky Track


IrxiSaroN. ny, oct 10. beautiful
weather and extraordinary sport
marked The tFetung rsces. Is Was ths
hammer day II tee meeting snd the
great Tfsnsvivsuia stake drew crowd
20 u.eto The nHnshn3 p wegrsss
atska was eon hf ceefes 81 tlslf
tsktnr the dec dnr heai ia etai Tee
yeas ala race was soc rIsrHfue HFrnf.
asa afirr islr Wilkes hai ~on the
utst heat ia ft Mllsn PENN canr
an aua ven She nust Hvo.
hfcsAtte ths yea eit ffrasf by
rHa srenfii taking the ertoaa
nsst -n ei faa ftsnsg taIt
staAe Aaa tbftirsa sss .fsfs. ten af fhfi0
vftH t4a iottef HISS ls An8Ff-
s.fas NseIatHsale ~ss tHp favor te.
efih tfaot.ns eHthesEe .rraat
~ - avs kssnsa fHt tHe hsi
ffe Rfema ~ra e. stns eat atsts.
t.Hie AIi.aff dfftsae Hfw aef a tas
Hfst ED ffsesins NsttseEa fa ter
.-seea saa ia sac tHfla asssa. iae
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
BOUND TO WIN.
The Democratic Central Committee Re-
moves Part of Their Electoral Ticket.

The Democratic Central Committec Hc-
moves Part of Their Electoral Ticket.
MIsSEAPoLIs, Man., Oct. l0.-The
democratic state central committee
this afternoon withdrew ID. L. Hibbs,
A. l.. Sackett and James Brown from
their electoral ticket and endorsed IN
their respective places William Meigher,
James Dillon and A. l.. Stromberg.
They also endorsed A. IL. Halloway Of
the peoples party In place of john c..
Oswald. who resigned some time ago.
By thus Withdrawing four of their
own candidates and indOrsing four
populists, they hope to elect the four
remaining electors, and thus at least
divide the state with the republicans.
The papers were filed by Secretary
Smalley al 2:30 this afternoon. No rep
resentatives of the peoples party were
present, and the managers OF the popu-
list campaign claim that they had no
hand in the deal. They say it 10 pure
ly Il voluntary action on the part of
the democrats. Chairman Baker of
the state democratic committee was
asked the reason of the action. He
said that the tour men whose names
were Withdrawn from the ticket handed
In their resIgnatons because Of the
fact that they were bankers, and could
not serve. He said that the action WAS
not the result of any conference with
the peoples party representatives.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11

condition of corn 1913, against 1916 for
iast month. The absence of frost has
been favorable 10 the ripsning OF the
late and immature areas. Tne tem-
peTature If the last week IN September
vas especially beneficial. During the
past ten years there were three, 1888,
1857 and 1890, which reported worse
condition in October and made a yield
of twenty to twenty-five bushels per
acre. The range of yields for ten
years has been from twenty to twenty
seven bushels. The present con-
diton indicates yield below
the average. The state averages
OF the commercial belt are as follows:
Ohio SO, Indiana II, Illinois Il, Iowa
80, Missouri 50, kansas 20, Nebraska
IS. Only the ngures OF ONO and als-
SCUM are up TO the genersl average.
The average yield OF oats Is "a bushels.
The last report oI condition as lowest IN
ten years, that OF 1890 excepted, The
average being 6i.4, against 1873 tins
year. The average OF the estimated
state yields of rye 10 l2.7 bushels. The
condition of potatoes has declined dur
ing the past month from 74.S to 67.7.
More or less rot Is reported III the
Atlantic states. In Michigan the tubers
are generally small on account OF
drouth. Low condition is general IN
the eastern, middle, central aud west
ern states. 1t Is highest in the Rocky
Mountain region and III the south
where the crop was gathered early IN
the season. The condition of buck
wheat has declined since the last re-
port from 50 To So. Ii is SO in New
York and 80 in Pennsylvania. The
condition of tobacco has improved
three or four points, now averaging 80.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Silver Anniversary AT Midland.

MIDLAND, Oct. 10.-The First Presby-
teran church OF this city has complet-
ed Its twenty-fifth year OF organization
of different forms of festivities Of a
very interesting nature. All former
pastors of the church were invited from
whatever part OF the country they
might toe in and were brought in st the
expense of the church. Among those
present are the Revs. Isaac Swift and
L. :. Davies. Thursday evening was
devoted TO historical "reminiscences.
which consisted of letters from Old
pastors not present.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Middleweights to Battle Next.

NEW YORK, Oct. le.-The Coney
Island Athletic club has arranged a
match between Alex Greggains of San
Francisco and Buffalo" Costello for
November %. for a purse of 800.
Greggalns' expenses have been cent 10
him and the e1-amstuer mlddlewelght
champion of the Pacific coast has
agreed 10 start for the east on the 10th
inst. Betting on the Choynski-Godfrey
fight on the 3lst is 4 10 on Cbovnski,
but the colored man has hackers At
those odds. The majority of Godfrey's
admirers want ? TO /, however.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Yesterdays Base Bail.
Murdered a Rival.

HUNTINGTON, Ind, Oct. l0.-A fatal
shooting affray occurred at the resi-
dence of Mrs. Jackson, a widow living
in Warren township, last evening.
Mrs. Jackson has a daughter who WAS
receiving the attentions of two young
men-Frank Shultz, farmer, and
Charles Berkheimer, a railrosd man.
Shultz drove to the house last evening
and was met at the fence by Berk-
heimer, who forbade the latter TO hitch
his horse. Tne latter refused to obey,
when Berkheimer assaulted him.
Shutz fired his revolver at Berk-
heimer, striking the latter in the eide.
He died later.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Races q, philaaelnhia

PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 10. The fall
meeting al the Philadelphia driving
park began today. The races were
spirited. Memone. the fsyorite, won
the 500 event IN straight heats. The
other classes are unfinished. Sum
mary;
800 class trotting, purse $S00-Me-
none won. Dearest second, Rosetta
third; best time, 2:3lt.
2:l9 class trottIng. purse $500, lunfin-
edl-Billy A won, Cypress second,
Major Flowers third; best time. 2:l9t.
2:27 class pacing, purse 500. lunfin-
ished The Dude won. Grey Max,
second, Annie b third; beet Time, 2s2lt.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Whisky the Means.

LASsIsG, Oct. l0.-The coroner's jury
in the csse of Harry Kopphsu, who
was found dead last week, returned .
verdict this morning that the deceased
came to his death from paris green.
administered by some person or per-
sons unknown. The jury was quite
certain that the deceased had not taken
the poison with suicidal intent, and he
supposition is that 1t was gwen TO him
diluted in whisky.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11

time being the best ever made IN any
race Ia Kentucky and but seldom sur
passed anywhere. The winner is
owned by William Rearsel Allen of
Plttsheld, Msss- he IL years cid.
by Lord Russell fun brother 10
Maud - dam Even Tide, BY
Moodford's Msmhrino. He was bred
at Woodford farm IN thls state aud
sold TO Mr.. Allen ss 2-year-old. The
2.l7 class had thirteen starters also,
RENO being the fa,oFite- paetllus
Won the fret beat IN 2;l23; Or. sparks
the second II 23sf and Illly Mason
the third Ia 2;l4s. The race Was post
poned on account Of darkness.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
ARMY DEsERTIoNs DEcREsE
Says General Ruger's Reports OF the
Department of the Columbia.

Says General kugeTs Reports OF the
Department of the Columbia.
WAsHINGToN, oct. l0.--General Ru-
ger. commanding the department. of
the Columbia submitted his annual re-
port TO the secretary of war. A con-
siderable portion of the document is
devoted To a review Of the Cceur
E'Alene mining trouble IN Idaho, aud
the part taken by United states troops
IN IL suppression. The general condi.
ton of affairs n the department for
the past year. relative 10 instructions.
& discipline and also what concerns tho
well heinE of the troops at the differ
ent posts he say, las been satisfsc.
tory Decidedly better progres. dur.
ing the past year has been made ~ tho
professional instruction of officers,
owing ~ great messure - the botter
asd more sYstsmatIc mathods recently
put ln force for the nrny ~ large.
There hss been. hs ssys. in conclusion,
a decided decreHre IN 10 namber OF
dessftons durine the year
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
BAPTIST ASSOCIATION AT RocKFoRD.
Official Report of the Sessions Held Last
Week


CEDAR SPRINGS, Oct. l0.-The Grand
Rapids Baptist association IN session al
Rockford. October 3, 4 sno 8, have just
held one of the most helpful and en-
tertsining sessions in It's history.
The association began lie labor Mon
day October 3 st 2 y. m. The MIME
terisl conference was held ia the after
noon, and the evening was gwen TO
sunday school work. The meeting
was marked by deep. fervent pity.
The association proper commenced
Tuesday at 10 a. M. with devotional
services and the annual sermon, TIE
remainder Of the day was gwen 20 the
reading of the church letters snd To
the reports of committees.
Tuesday evening the ladies pre-
sented the work OF their mission
AIRY societies. Dr. Jackson os
the Fountain Street Baptist church,
Grand Rapids, preached the sermon,
theme, "Womsn's Work ia Missions. -
PAVING most beautiful tribute 10
Christian womanhood. Al the close of
the services a deficit of So wa, an
nounoed in the Womans Home Ms.
sion soclety, which collections aud
pledges received, made good.
"Wednesday the ASSOCIATION com
menced at . a. ~. giving lts attention
10 the reports of standing committees
and sssociationsl work. The dcctrlnai
sermon, by Rev. 4. SnashAll OF the
Cslvery Baptist church. Grand Rapids,
was an earnest preseDtat0n of the
gospel of Christ TIE reports from
the committees and churches were
quite gratifying. Wed dnesdsy afternoon
the association sdiourped - meet one
year hence with the Baptist church.
Mrs =. SNuH.
T.. j.. CuERAp,
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
CORRESPONDENTS FAVORED.
Worlds Fair Officials Provide Handsome
Accommodations for Them.

CHICAGO, Oct. 10.-World's fair Off
cials today met representatives of the
telegraph companies and the press as
soclations and completed arrangements
tor the accommodation of the press at
the dedlcatorv exercises. Admirable
accommodations were provided for all
working correspondents. Through the
courtesy of the Remington company
fifty type-writers, with operators. have
been gratuitously furnished for the
use of correspondents who may desire
to dictate their matter.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
DECLARED A NUISANCE.
Legal Steps Taken to Suppress Garfield
Park and Supporters.

CHICAGO, oct. l0.-A bill was filed IN
the circuit court today bv States Attor-
ney Longenecker TO suppress the Gar
tield Park club and TO have q declared
n public and common nuisance. The
bill Is founded on hall dozen COM
plants, chief among them that the
Garfield track Is crowded with ldie and
dissulute people. that II hss been nocss-
sary for the police 10 keep constant
surveillance. and that the money sh-
hookmaking comes from tho industrial
class OF psople
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
rooR hvrRAan ~ ,Rora.

Fh~ oavefnfn ms Agricultural Rerafi fot
asFtsrnh~f Shows nad Condition
WeHia foe, Oet % THO ssfeui
sore departments manibly rep ~ fpt
~hest 1ss tie state averages ~ weld
tef affa fsnstns ffntn ss a. fNoniY
$50 iHfshrs. sai avrfas ue usfsrH
ttfshnis. Toe averages af tna pfnr
pal THast FfoH ftz states sfr a. fsi
inst SEES fafs fft FsausftvanIa.
tf frfss i osfa. ias H'fheso.
if inaisna. ~ iiluas. lff Nfs.
f.lrstH. 1885, MinHsseis 49, fava.
~ NssanF t9l hsnsss. ~ ea
hfasss snHth i.ssass lfs Nsffh
f1sss 1895 Hsshlast teA fFs
saa. 1876 tsafafH.a lss fhs nsha
lef sfafistifsf fetssHs ~ f,s fs Aaff
fasaf ~ ss8'selfats tassa fHe stHAfsl
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
BOGUS SILVER DOLLARS.
Circus Men Flood a Nebraska Town
With Spurious Com.

OMAHA, Neb., Oct. l0.-This town is
suffering from flood of bogus silver
dollars. The coin is thought to have
been left here by the followers of two
circus companies which pitched their
tents in September. The amount is SO
great as to seriously interfere with busl-
ness. The CONS bear date of 1891, and
have the New Orleans mint marx.
Bank experts say the coins were cast in
very poor plaster molds. The work
manship is very crude; the relief work
is dull, and several of the letters are
partially filled up. The coins are light
weight and greasy, but ring true.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Millionaire Lumbsrruan Killed.

CORNING. n. ", Oct. 10.-While in
spectng the new mountain railway be-
ing built to his lumber camp from the
Fall Brook railway, near Cammal, this
Francis Delay. wealthy
who resides ut Williams
port, Pa, was struck and Instantly
killed by Fall Brook passenger tram.
Mr.. Delay was 63 years old. He was
the owner of an immense tract of the
finest land in the Pine Creek reg. on.
Grand Rapids herald. [volume] (Grand Rapids, Mich.) 1892-1959, 1892-10-11
Professional Bicycle Record Broken.

SEDALIA, No., Oct. l0.-John S.
Prince of Omaha, the professional bi-
cyclIst, broke the record todsy for
quarter mile, over the kIte-shsped
track at Association park. Prince
made the quarter flying start without
pscemaker IN :2ss, :l59 gait, being
the fastest authentic quarter of a mile
ever made by the professional nder
with or without pscemakers. Five
timers and three starters have made
athdavits as TO the correctness OF the