The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1892-04-10
1T BEATS ROMANCE.
NOTES ON SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY
A New Petroleum EaGine-Novelties IN a
Big EnGlIsh SteaM Crane-SayinE steam.

New Petroleum. Eagine-Novelties IN a
Mig Engiish Steam Crane-savinE steam.
In petroleum engine lately constructed In
England on principle which is claimed to
overcome the objections heretofore met with
In similar attemp pts. the plan pursued ia
that OF injecting oil directly into com.
pressed and heated air in vessel
which acts as vaporizer and combustion
chamber combined. A valuable advan.
tage secured In this construction is that the
gear Tor firing the charge is dispensed with.
pressed and heated air IN the rod obi ts va sS.
With special WIZ ar e Sas sr St
small fan; and every charge OF oil is forced BY
for ignition. Just after tho hot air has bean
s sTSse and rhs 1 ssg Is ssss By
experiments with a six.horse power engine
specific gravity 1854 and flashing point s20":FS
tho consumption was less than q pint per
brake-horse power per hour.
Remarking upon the present processes 70.
sorted to for sizing paper. the Scientific Ameri.
can refers to the advantage OF using illuminate
OF soda for soponifying the rosin used for size,
instead OF soda ash or caustic soda. as due to
the fact that In filling the paper it's alumina
serves the same purpose as the alumina Of tho
alum generally used rendering 1t practicable
case Of its use together with the aamniate 'e ~
Ill., + ., ysaa6io addition to the pulp 4
thsr advantage. too. Of using soluble
sa,ts of alma, masn;esiaa and calcium r:
soap is that these salts are neutral. While
and in tho ease q the maenssia salts, ths pre-:
q n N I'M In nd Lam 10
@ ms's ss Ss.t PPss ePsss
adding illuminate OF. soda to the saponaceous
solution OF rosin mixed with pulp together
chloride OF calcium or the sulphate OF aIumI.
ma. used to precipitate the rosin from the soap
sn with 1t the szng
separately.
A printing telegraph system has been In.
troduced in tho mills Of the Illinois Steel Com
pany. Chicago. by means Of which apparatus
the men at the relocating pits can inform those
at the finishing end Of the mill as to the heat
numbers OF the ingot the ingot numbers and
the number Of rails to each ingot, so that the
proper number may invariably be stamped
u l9I,,o each rail that leaves the mill In
and hole :" desisnations '. arc ali also de de-.
sspntched by the same means. 1t is stated that.
Though the T. necessarily some.
is charge Of one Of the men at the reseatins
Of boy, who reports on, q blackboard for The
use Of the stamber the different numb ers and
,ss
the two Is about three hundred and fifty feet.
Another Of those superb mechanisms-a If
teen-ton locomotive steam crane-has lately
been placed In one Of the great steel plants Of
Entyl nd md 70 In 70 at
some special points Of interest. The load to
be lifted is fifteen tons. at radius OF sixteen
feet. and at this radius the centre Of the lib
pulley is twenty-three feet from the rail level.
but the lib is fitted with derrick motion. per-
hitting 1t to be lowered so as to be clear under
a headway OF seventeen feet. All the gearing.
head. and many. other important parts are
made OF cast steel. and the post is ST eel forg-
vees 3 Soer Sosbe rSafsS
ure q 10 pounds per square inch. The, crane
stns % sls%n Grand aHd Srs aSso
with two parts Of i is chain: the Slowing gear
is worked by double cones and the derrick
9saa The ioWer Engines for IN plo
polling the crane have ers twelve inches
In diameter BY twenty inches stroke, aud
run in journals lifted to steel axle boxes. Which
slide in heavy steel brackets bolted to the
yolute springs over each axle box. - '''''
A lately invented device brought forward By
q Western engineer proposes to utilize the
waste steam from locomotives during their
frequent stops ut way stations. made neces-
sary for taking in fuel. water. and for other
purposes. the steam saved by this method to
be applied to the pumping Of water for filling
the tanks or reservoirs about the station. In
large number OF cases. as is we'll known.
large stations have to be supplied with an en-
CINE and steam pump. using fuel for making
claimed that the first cost OF the proposed plan
will be less than that required for the ordinary
and. as the latter also involves an attendant,
moro than the entire cost OF steam Is gained
by the use Of the new method.
An improved system Of heating and ventils-
ton is being introduced In the Boston school
houses. the result Of inventions which have
for long time been carried on by experts and
engineers. and which is believed to solve one
OF the most important architectural and sani-
tary questions. This new system is. in q word.
simply one Of direct and indirect ventilation.
and in carrying 1t out the radiators connected
by piping with sectional boiler are located In
the ventilating shaft. divided into two COM
s s At the sF bo% u tho
building by means Of q, fan operated
re rooms after being heated As 6ot III
the room by certain mechanical appliances
and forced into the upper section Of The venti-
lating shaft, and out through Its aperture
over the top OF the building. To thoroughly
determine the value OF this system the pre-.
liminary plan was adopted Of taking the quail:
ity OF the air In the building prior to the school
session. also during the session. when some
close. In each case the air being found free
from carbonic gas and as pure as that outside.
A degree OF superiority has long been claim.
ed for some Of their specialties In soap prod
ucts by German manufacturers. and especially
In the processes Of coloring. This latter. how.
over. depends largely for It's success or attrso-
tiveness ON the materials used. these being
mainly lard. tallow. cocoanut oil. palm oil. and.
to some extent almond oil The method Of
insuring a satisfactory color 10 thus matter
OF Observation-Disclosures. earthly. or metallic
colors. such as lumber or vermllion. being
added only when the soap has acquired thick
consistency. while dissolved colors may be
added when the soap Is still thin. Very few
all the I've has been run In and saponititatioa