Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-03-27

| lasts.
| The Crops Will Be Bigger.
''The land will produce more in the. fut'
ure. will it not?"
eyes," replied Secretary Rusk. "w.
could get 50per cent more from of our lands
if we farmed them in the right way, and il
we did not add another acre to the area now
under cultivation we could make our agri.
cultural production half again as large as il
is. Take the matter of wheat alone IT we
were to bring our lands by means of fertili-
zation and cultivation up to the standard Of
| the wheat lands in England or even those
of Belgium, we would double our average
annual wheat crop without increasing the
wheat area of single acre.
Farming is fast becoming science In the
United States. The farmers have better
advantages for study. We are sending out
a vast amount of good information from the
Agricultural Department, and we reach
through our reports and the newspapers
fully million families every month. The
| country is full of agricultural books and
| newspapers, and our experiment stations are
doing wonders. My idea is that Uncle Sam
should do the experimenting for the farmer;
he should test new grains; should show how
to bring up soils and should prove to him
by experiments whether certain kinds of
farming are profitable or not. We are do
ing this thing at our experiment stations,
and the results are closely watched"
"The new organizations Of the farmers"
continued Secretary Rusk, care an indica-
tion of the growth of their intellectual life.
1 think the country is to be congratulated
upon the awakening interest which they
have in political affairs, and I believe that
they are, by their numbers and their pecul-
lar position, especially wellftted to serve
as balance-wheel in political matters.
Chow about our foreign markets. Secre-
tary Rusk? Are they growing and will
they continue?"
After the Foreign Markets.
sour foreign markets are one of my
hobbies" said General Rusk. 81 believe
the Agricultural Department should study
the markets of all the countries of the
world, and that it should show Just what
each country raises and what it is obliged
to import. 1t should let the farmers know
Just what prices they can get for the things
they send abroad, and it should keep them
posted as to how to ship them. We are
experimenting all the time to increase the
variety of our products, not only with the
view to the foreign markets, but to the sup
plying our home markets with everything
that can be raised on our soil. As to the
foreign trade this year, the market for
grain is, you know, excellent, and our ship
ments will steadily increase. don't think
as we should. We have, until lately,
NOT paid sufficient attention to our
foreign trade. Our home demand has
been SO large that We have not
needed it and as it is we waste enough right
along to feed one of the other good sized
nations Look at it. Our $4,000, 600 eat
more than any loo, 000, 600 in any other part
of the globe and you could, venture, feed
the whole 800, 900, 600 of India on what our
farms produce in a single year. If you
could take the products of last year and pile
them up mountain high and gather all the
men, women and children in the United
States around them and have a grand divi-
sion, every man, woman and child would
get So bushels of grain. Every one of them
would have 200 pounds OF meat, and they
could spread their bread with 16 pounds Of
butter apiece.
Murphy Brodt for Germany.
'fOur foreign market is nothing to our
home market, and still it ought to be quite
as important, and it can be made to grow.
1 sent man to Germany last year to intro
duce our cornmeaL The Germans were sur
prised to find that it made excellent bread
They are now considering the advisabllity
of using it in the German army in
connection with other -four and it
is being sold at the baker shops
of Berlin. They mix three parts of corn
meal with two parts of rye and other -four,
and five pounds of this mixed bread can be
sold for the same price as three pounds Of
rye bread. They call it Murphy Brodt,"
after the name of the man I sent over to in |
troduce it. And then as to the matter of |
pork and our meats. The Germans now
know that they are all right and through |
the inspections that We have instituted, cur
meat shipments to all parts of Europe have
and the result is that pork is
worth at least cent more pound than 1t
was before the inspection began"
"How about reciprocity, General? Is 1t
going to help the farmer?''
''Of course it WILL" replied Secretary
Rusk. "The trouble with us in the past
has been that we have not paid any atten-
ton to getting all we could for what we |
gave to other nations. We have been about
The only nation in the world who has not
run its business on business principles. I |
1on't believe in giving something for moth
ing, and 1 am for that kind of reciprocity
hat will benefit the largest part of our
people.
How We Gave Brazil Sc, 100000
'Think what we might have had from
Brazil. We gave up to her the duty on
coffee. We import about $75, 900, 900 of
coffee every year and when we dropped the
1uty, Brazil quietly put on an export
luty and the result was that We just gave
81 900, 900 to that country. 1t is the same
with hides Now in these things we might
nave gotten a trade to the advantage of
American -four and American meats Yes,
think reciprocity is good thing if it is
lightly managed"
"Who are our chief competitors in the
wheat markets." asked.
Il suppose you mean with Europe. India
$ raising a great deal of wheat, and it is
lowly increasing its wheat area, though
he indications are it will soon reach its
limit. Australia raised great deal, and
re have some competition from New Zea-
and"
How about stock farming In the United
states, Mr.. Secretary"
''Our stock improves right along" re-
lied Secretary Rusk, 'and there has been
wonderful advance in the last ten years.
lou will now find the finest of breeding cat
lie from Maine to California and the best of
imported stock is used. Farmers are learn
ng what kind of stock is best for the dairy
md meat market, and the dairy interest is
ne of the biggest farm industries to-day.
here are now between 16, 900, 900 and 90
90, 600 cows in the United States and we
roduce now in the neighborhood of q
800, 900, 900 pounds of butter a wear.
We send away a large amount of cheese and
Te turn out nearly 500 900, 600 pounds Of
49, l