The morning call., 1892-07-24

dred other officials who, under our system.
come and go every few years Municipal
elections Of every kiud are held separately.
SO tnat Tue English people have always a
direct issue TO consider, une0nfused bv
what may happen in other fields Of office
holding. And officials of every kind, once
chosen, remain in office until they are super-
annuated or die, provided they behave them
selves. a superintendent Of streets. for
instance, is chosen because he knows some
thing about streets. their paving and sewer
Ing, and being assured OF his position, he
las no temptation 10 join a league of con-
tractors and betTay inc city that employs
Nun. In this sense all the counties and
all the municipalities OF England have
nome rule IN very practical form. ana il
Is wise thing to separate all this detail of
administration from the representation of
constituencies 10 imperial interests.
lie choice OF candidate for Parliamen-
tary honors Is not hard and fast method
In the o.den time the great famiies-that is
TO say, the territorial magnates OF immense
wealth-hsd control of many h0roughs and
counties, because tile voting franchise was
limited and hundreds of people were de-
pendent upon these lords OF the soil for
their livelihood. But the territorial mag
nate has now been effectually ditched by
the broadening Of the franchise. Practi-
eally every man has a vote, either
as oceupler of a house or as
iodger owning few sticks of personal
HiNBcAl1 HDAtu q Sudll sum. DO the lerTl-
t0Tlal magnate has been swanped, and can
neither dictate the election of his son nor
command votes for friend. 1t sno longer
possible for the monarch TO carry a major
ity OF votes in the House Of Commons in
his coat-tail pocket AS matters stand con-
stituents select or approve of their own
candidates. Even the clubs in London
the Carlton for The Conservatives and the
Reform for the Liberals-lave lost much of
their influence In bringing candidates for
ward ID constituencies. The democratic
prOpensltles Of the constituencies revolt at
dictation. A candidate may ingratiate him
sell with political club In London, bu.
ne cannot succeed unless be iugratiatas
himself with the constituency be selects.
AS rule In borOughs there are 200 or 300
men who call themselves a Liberal or
CONSERVATIVE caucus, and the candidate
who wishes TO succeed must appear before
them and be indorsed. These Judges are
not elected in any regular manner, like q
county COMMITTEES in San Francisco They
are simply prominent citizens who combine
Tor common purpose. A candidate who
does not meet with their approval might
just as we'll retire from the field The cam
dldate must pay his own expenses. but the
law makes his outlay so merciful that he
looks upon the ordeal as g very light affair
and he Is happily not bothered with appli-
cations from constituents, il elected, asking
him to favor them in getting into snug POSI-
tons. In fact member Of Parliament has
no more influence than laborer in the ap-
pointment OF common tide-waiter. let
alone Judge or Police Ma 1istrate.
A word as to Ministries and the changing
OF Office. The Queen has the right TO ask
any one to form Ministry. But the states
man she asks to become Premier knows that
his continuance in Office depends upon hav-
Ing majority OF supporters In the House of
commons. hence, no statesman will accept
the responsibility of forming 4 Ministry un-
less he is sure Of that majority. This assur-
ance is all the more indispensable to-day
The Queens preference for anybody but
Gladstone makes no real difference ia the
situation. With the House OF Commons AT
MS DacK ne is the real monarch. Lord Sal
isbury and his Governmen must retire, To
attempt the formation of a Ministry with
the Duke OF Dey0nshise at the head would
be to court disaster and ridicule. After all
the eherveseence Of the conflict has passed,
II Will be found that some morning Lord
Salisbury will 90 to Windsor or Osborne.
accompanied by the members of the
Cabinet, and there deliver up the seal. of
ONCE. An hour or two later another train
Will arrive, bearing Mr.. Gladstone and
other Liberals of his Cabinet. who will
KISS hands upon appointment as men,
Ders OF the new Cabinet 1t Ia simple
constitutional drama, without the booming
OF guns. the waving OF flags or any out
ward ceremony that could impress the mul-
tltude, but II peaceful and undemonstratiye.
One trouble does occur TO every memher
OF new Cabinet Having epred po-
sltion OF emolument under the Crown. every
Minister. as we'll as few subordinate Off
clsis, must go down to his constituency
again and ask for reelection. This is
a Wnoiesome cheek upon the undue
influence Of the crown, although il has its
IncohVenlences. For instance il ia nossihIe
that Mr. Gladstone might be rejected bv
midlothian upon presenting himself for ra
election. This disaster would bs dne tn his
attltude on the eight hours question. Also
" is quite possible that Mr.. John MorIey
may be defeated at Newcastle. shouId Mr.
joseph Cowen take the field. Morley wa,
headed ON the poll by a local fiaslI-llght
Darrister chatterer called Hammond. and
Cowen Is. with all his faults, although in
comparably inferior TO Morley intellectually.
very popular man locally. When reverses
occur to great men through these second
electlons the ordinary course is to get some
nonentlty TO vacate some safe seat and re-
ward him for his sacrifice by judgeship or
other Official station. Lawyers elways
gooole a lew piums after general election.
But IL is surprising how few administrative
Changes occur with the coming into o offce Of
a new Cablnet-not more then 60 or 20. The
business OF the nation proceeds without dis
tUrbance. There are thousands of EMPLOYEES
UNDER Government departments who do not
concern themselves about an election or a
change oil government any more than they
DO about the opposition OF Mars or the
phases OF the moon. They do their work.
draw their salary and are as independent
In opinion and action as a iobhing carpen-
Ter. Jhe maxim that TO the victors belong
the sp0ils has ceased to have any applica-
tlon 10 England. Not Consul, Minister
or an Embassador Is disturbed BY an elec-
lion; The real services of the country pro-
ceed without tinkering or tamperng.
DECAY MACKART.