The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1892-01-05

as each assists in giving a profit, SO
each shares the expense. This is the
whole system in nutshell. It is not
industrial co operation. however. In
America the most successful ROchdale
store is at HammontOn, New Jersey,
known as the Fruit Growers Union"
| composed mostly of fruit growers. This
Union not only buys all the goods for
It's members, gives them profit, but
makes contracts for shipments of fruits
to the large cities, has its own tracks
and sidings secures advantages in
transportation, protects against unre-
liable merchants, and saves the shipper
from loss Of crates, ETC., all of which
not only costs the members nothing,
but gives each a share of the profits
every year, and the annual business
transacted is enormous.
COOPERATION IN HOMES
These association are known as build
ing and loan associations To explain
it we will draw an illustration Sup
pose 200 men band together, each pay
ing SIS per month, or S1, 900 per month
for ALL At each meeting this 81, 900 is
| loaned to the one bidding the highest
premium, the buyer giving mortgage
as security. After he receives the
money he pays S. per month for the
| principal, S5 for the interest, and also
pays the premium, which may be 50
per month, or $12 total This he pays
every month, until the value of the
| shares reach 81 900, which is usually
about ten years. OF course, the interest
| he pays goes into the treasury, and
assists him as we'll as others, as he may
| pay only 81 200 for the use OF the
| 81, 900 for ten years, or really only 2
! per cent. interest. This plan of CO
| operation varies In it's details in many
| places 1t will be noticed that if 200
men draw each 81, 900, a business of
| 5000, 900 will be transacted In ten years,
yet at no time will the treasurer have
| but fraction over 81, 600 in his posses
| sion at any one month, as it is always
| being sold to the members, hence, if he
should abscond, each member will lose
but SIS. This demonstrates the safety
OF cooperation.
| PROFITS TO CAPITAL.
III borrow $40, 900 from bank and
| pay per cent. interest, and engage in
business, making large profit, does
| the bank ask me for any of the profits.
| No; it considers itself amply femuner
ated when it receives the interest.
| When | pay the bank 5000 | have dis
charged my duty to it, for the interest
is the wages due to capital, and if l
make $4,000 with the money of the
! bank In addition to the sum borrowed,
/ l can return the bank it's so, 600, pay
the int rest due, and keep the other
! $4,000 This shows that labor, not
capital should have the profit, as
| capital is paid when it receives its
interest, which proof | have just de-
monstrated, for any man can borrow
money make all the profit he Is capable
of. pay interest, and keep all the profit
himself
PROFITS TO LABOR.
Now apply the same principle to
| labor. If borrow 80, 600 and employ
men to work for me, each at a salary
| of 5000 per year, how many men does
my capital of $40, 900 representa- Some
would say, why, your 80, 900 capi-
tai represents more than Is men, at
! 5000 each per year" Not SO; my
| SlO.O 900 capital will represent only one
man. If a mah earns $500 a year he
represents $40, 900 capital to his family,
as his wages GnteresO represents the
interest (wages) of $40, 900 at 6 per cent.
per annum, for pay him 5000 per gear,
lust as much as pay $500 to the bank
per year. If I have risks Of loss so
does he. He may die be injured, and
| his family lose it's income as well as L
would should I lose my capital. Now
| who is entitled to the profits! As L
NAV have 1UorEed, in handling the busi-
ness I am as much entitled to a salary
for my aUO1;k as is the laborer, though
nothing more than is just, but, as TO
the 41Oney, it earns nothing Of itself.
1t is not even mine, but borrowed, and
hired at a certain price, just the same
as the labOrer is hired; hence, If by
extraordinary exer5ion on my part,
assisted by labor, secure a very large
sum, am not entitled, IN justice, TO
more than a fair share Of that profit
I know that my position may be some
thing novel to you who have been
brought up from the cradle to submit
to anything, even violations OF moral
law. by using the word =" business,
but I ask you to weigh the subject
fairly and let Justice decide II am not
right on the position | hold in regard
to the true relations of capital and
labor. Bear in mind there is a wide
difference between capitalist and
laborer," and "capital and labor. "
Capitalist and laborer can never be one
and united, but capital and labor can
be united, though only when the labOrer
has the capital in his own pocket. AS
long as one man controls the capital,
and another the labor, their interests
are not mutual, for each will be striving
to secure the best bargain possible,
despite all theories and attempts to
prove that they are one and inseparable.
LABOR IS CAPITAL.
IF 100 men unite, and each can save
$500 per year, it equals the sum of
$50, 900, or the interest of million
4 dollars. In cooperation this labor is
mighty factor. Capital only sets this
ducing agent. 1t gives the additional
value to the raw material, changing