Mexico weekly ledger., 1892-12-08

preserve in their homes the comfort. inde-
pendenee. loyalty and sanss of interest in the
raVaTnm Mt which are ess anttal TO good citl-
Genahip in p9ace aud which Will bring this stat
wart thrang, as in 1851, to the defense OF the
flag when IL is assaulted.
revision lie left to ths Taco hing eongress ~
Is a matter of regfit that tnis work must bs
delayed for at least three months, for
t~rotucas so much such uncertainty that
an amount, not easily dsser mined, OF
buinesa inaction and of d mtalshed produc-
ton will necessarily rssnlt. IL is possible also
that this uncertainty may rsSalt in decreased
revenues from customs dates, Tor our mer-
chants will make cautious orders for foreign
goods Ia view OF the prospsct of tarin rsduc-
tons and the uncertainty as TO when II Will
take effect.
EMrLoYas AND RarLoYR.
The strained and too often disturbed relR-
lions existing between the employee and the EN-
ployrr in our great manufacturing establish
ments have not been favorable to q calm con.
siderstion by the wage earners of thu effect
upon wsges OF the protective system Ihs
fact that his wages vera the highest PAID In
like ~caliings in the world, and that . main.
tenanc, of this rate of wages In the absence OF
protective duties upon the product or his
labor was impossioie. were obscnrea hy
He may now he able to review he question in
the ! ght of his personal experience under the
operation of = tariff for revenue only. IL that
experisncs shall demonstrate that present rates
of wages are thereby maintained or Increased,
either absolutely or in their purchasing power
and that the aggregate volume OF WORK 20 o,
taiued so that there are mora or SO many days
work in q year at as good, or better. wages Tor
sns the AMERICAN "sss Under ~t ths nrotscsiy. s Sss
tern, everyone will rejoice. A general
process of wage reduction can not be contom-
plated by any patriotic citizen without the
grayest apprehension. 1t may be, ind ssd l be.
lisve, is, possibi, for the American manufac-
turer to compete successfully with his foreign
rival ia many branches of production without
the defense of protective duties If the psy-rolls
are equaliGsd; but tho conflict that stands bs-
tween the producer and that result and the
distress of our working people when 1t Is at
taiaed are not pleasant to contemplate, The
Society of the unemployed. now boiling It's
frequent and threatsning pafades in the streets
Of foreign cities, should not be allowed to &C.
Quire AN American domieiie.
DEPARTMENTAL REPORTS.
This reports of the heaas of the several
executive departments, which ars herewith sub
mitted, have very naturally included s resume
Of tbs whole work of the administration with
the transaction of tho last fiscal year. The at
tention not ouly OF congress, but of the coun
tratiou which have been pursued, and 20 the
results which have been STAINED, Public
been collected and disbursed without loss from
misApprapriatiou, without a single defalcstion
of such Importance as TO attract the
ed per cent. of cost for collection. The
public business has boon transacted not only
with fidelity, but progressively. and with a
2 W ' Z" HthPAo Ia 49, lahASsL A'o
sible degree the benefits OF a service sstab-
hshed aud maintained for their protection and
comfort.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
Our relations with othsr nations are now I'M
disturbed by any serious controversy. The
complicated and threatening differences with
Germany and England reitting TO Samoan
affairs. with England in relation to the seal
fisheries in the Bsirin9 sea. aud with Chilli
growing ont of tn Baltimore affair. have been
adjusted.
RECIPROCITY AGREEMENTS.
There have been negotiated and concluded,
under section 8 of the tariff law, commercial
agreements relating to reciprocal trade with
the GLOWING countries: Brazil, Dominican.
Republic, Spain for Cuba ami Porto Rico, Qua
temala. Salvador. the G-rm7n empire, Great
Britain for certain West India colonies and
British Guiana, Nicaragua, Honduras and
Austria Hungary. OF these, these with Qua
temala, Salvador. the German empire, Great
Britain. Nicaragua. Honduras and Austria
Hungary have besu concluded sincs my last an
nual message. Under these trade arrangements.
a free favored admission has been secured
in every csse for an importau. list of American
products. Especial care has been taken to Sc
cure markets for farm products in order to re-
lieve that great underlying Industry of the de-
preston which the lack of an adequate foreign
market for our surplus often brings. An open
ing has also been made foe manufactured prod
ucEs that will undoubtei lily, II this policy 10
maintained, greatly augment our export trade.
be realized INSTANTLY. New lines of trade are to
ls opened, n. Hh ne T Sommersisl traveller
must survey tuS litlu. L AS tilA- lukttluErC 1uS
adapt his goods to the new markets ami fsciti
ties for exchange must b. established. This
work has hsen we'll begun; our merchants and
manufacturers have entered the nav fields with
courage and enterDriSs. In the case of food
products and special lines of trade with Cuba,
the trade did not need to wait and the imme-
diate results have been most gratifying. If
this policy and the trade arrangements
can be continued in force and aided by
lines, / do not doubt that we shall
within a short period, secure fully one-third of
the total trade of the countries of Central and
South America, which now amounts to about
$500, 900 ,OHo annually. In l665 We had only 8 per
cent. of this trade.
THE REHRIsG SEA QUESTION.
A treaty providing for the arbitration of the
dispute between Great Britain and the United
States as to the killing OF seals in the Behring
sea was concluded on the 2}th of February
last This treaty was accompanied by an
agreement prohibiting pelsgic sealing pending
the arbitration, and a vigorous effort was made
steamers from the Behring sea. Six naval ve5-
from the fish commission, all unasr the
f fnpm navy. OF were so@ sant into hy ths sea. q,
which was Systematically patroled.
Some seizures were made, and it is believed
that the catch in the Bshring sea by ~poachsrs
amounted to less than 500 seals. 1t is true,
however, that in the North Pacific, while the
seal herds were on their way to the passes be-
tween the Alutian islands, a very large num-
ber, and probably 10000. were taken. The ex-
listing statutes of the United States do not
TbSITa1lt our tltlLeES ITpI1 LdkllG SEALS IL the
Pacific ocean, and perhaps should not, un-
less the prohibition can be extended to the
citizens of other nations. | reco nmend that
power he given TO the president, by proclama-
ton, to prohibit the taking of seals in the North
Pacific by American vessels in case either. as
to the result of findings of the tribunal of arbi-
tration or otherwise, the restraints can be ap-
piled to the vessels of all countries. The case
of the United States for the tribunal of arbi-
tration las bsen prepared with great care and
industry by Hon John w. Foster. and the
counsel who represent this government express
confidence that a result substantially establish
ing our claims and preserving this great indus
try to the benefit of all nations will be at
tanned.
RECIPROCITY WITH CANADA.
During the past year a suggestion was re-
ceived through tina British Minister that the
Canadian government would like to confer as
to the possibility OF charging, upon terms of
mutual advantage. the commercial exchanges
of Canada and OF the United States. and a con-
fersuce was held at Washington, with Mr..
Blaine acting for this government, and the
British minister at this capital and thr, % mem
bsrs of the Dominion cabinet acting as COM
Inissioners on the part of Great Britain. The
conference developed the fact that the Canadian
government was only prepared to offer 10 the
United States in exchange for the concessions
asked the admission OF natural products. The
statement was frankly made that favored
rates could not he given to the United States
as against the mother country; This admission,
which was foreseei, necessarily terminated the
conference upon this question,
The benefits of an exchange of the natural
products would be almost wholly with the peo-
pie of Canada. Other tC pics of interest were
considered in the conference and have resulted
in the making Of a convention for examining
the Aiaskan boundary, the waters of Passama.
quoddy bay adjacent to Eastport. Me, and on
the initiation OF an arrangement for the pro.
lection of fish life in the otermino and
neighboring waters of our nor;h boundary.
THE CANAL TOLLS CONTROVERSY.
The controversy as to the tolls upon tha
Weliand canal which was presented to congress
at the last session by special message, having
failei of ad iustnsnt, / felt constrained to ex.
ercise the authority conferred by the act OF
July 26, 1882, aud to proclaim a suspension of
the free uss of st. Mary's Falls canal to car
goes in transit to ports in Canada The sscre-
tary of the treasury established such
tolls as were thought to be equiv
alent to the e1actions uajustly levied up
on our nmsr in the Canadian canals. II,
rs we must suppose, the political relations of
Canada AM the deposition of the Canadian
government are to remain unchanged, a some
what radical revision OF our trade relations
should, l think, bs made. Our relations must
continue to be intimate, and they should be
friendly. / regret to say, however, that In
many o. the controversies. notably those as
to the fisheries on this Atlantic,
ths scaling iBtsrssts ON the Pacific,
AMI the canal tolls, our negotiations
with Great Britain have been continuously
The st. Louis Republie, speak.