The Forrest City times., 1892-03-11
flowed wet of Crowlcy's Ridre.

 having q southeast direction al [ Cape Girsrdcau. IL flowed past Dealt, Poplar Bluff and Neelyviile. and jOined the Ohio somewhere south of Helena; subsequently, t cut through Crowley's Ridge al ! Chalk Bluff and flowed down the Si. Francis Valley, and still later II cut the ridge between Bloom field and Benton, No, and joined the Ohio south of New Madrid IL snd its predecessors were then the principal agents in the removal of the Tertiary bees that once filled the fiat country between the ridge and the highlands west of II. While the Mississippi flowed through this Arkansas Valley. to tke east oi the ridge, the Ohio was washing down similar beds on its opposite side. and ii was not until towards the close of the glacial epoch that the old channel soath- west of Cape Girarieag was filed up and the Mississippi cut through the hills 10 the southeast and joined the Obio at Cairo.
 Ii should be noted. however. that the materials forming the surface of the valleys both east and west of Crowley's Ridge are not Tertiary. but of later date; in other words, while these valleys srere cut iu Tertiary strata, they were GU. much deeper than we now find them and were afler- wards partly reflled by the loose sands, gravels, elays and loans that now form the surface of the country. The we'll sunk in the bottoms at Helena was in this old refilled channel, while those al Lonoke, Augusta, Cotton Plant, England, Morton, and at all other points in the valley at which data have been collected are in mater ial brought down by tue Missis- sippi during the second glacial epoch, and spread oat in these old channels. Ii was during the lat ter part of this period that lh c long silt ridges like that extending along the east side Of Black River from near Newport past Walnut Ridge were formed.
 From this brief sketch it vii ble seen that Crowley's Ridge has been produced by the simple pro. cesscs of building up and tearing down sediments, and that it Is i n no respect an upheaval as is often sug- gested. But while the agencies 1 that have made il are simple and ] familiar to every one, II stands now silent witness 10 history so wonderful that the imagination is taxed by any attempt 10 com pass ali its details"
 Of the economic minerals of Eastern Arkansas, the state geol- ogist frankly admits that but little is to be expected. He says: The clays-both fire elays and brick 1 clays-of this region hold forth promise of being very valuable if they arc developed. The loess elays abundant all along the south ern half or the ridge, are the sam e as those used at St. Louis, Mem phis, and in other parts of the country, in the manufacture of the best grades Of pressed bricks, as well as for the common grades. Some of the fire clays commonly associated with the ligniies, are of excellent quality, and may also be made valuable.
 Other minerals of economic i'm portance are not 10 be looked for T | the rocks of Eastern Arkansas; the iron ore occasionally found there is of no value, being limited in quantity and of very poor quality the lignites are not valuable now and are not likely ever to become so, while other minerals of value are not to be looked for at all. This statement is made not only on account of the failure of the sur voy to find such minerals thero, but principally because the method by wLich the strata of that portion of the state were deposited, and their subsequent history preclude the possibility of any such deposits having been made in that portion of the state. The Jumps of lead occasionally found in the region have been washed down from the ead-bearing rocks in the north along with the coarser gravels with which they are always asso' ciated."
 This is not encouraging to the mineral prospector, but the author itative statement of the fact that such minerals do not exist cannot fail to be of value 10 the people in that section ofthe state. In treat ing of the clays and glass sands giving statistics of brickyards, and several soil analyses, il is shown beyond doubt that great natural and valuable advantages exist. Or the subjec, of
 ARTISAN WELLS
 the state geologist IS quoted in null:
 "Tbe general principles of flow ing wells are we'll understood, and l if is only necessary to bear in mind