The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1892-07-24
eKerted Jointly; for internal purposes or

exerted jointly. for internal purposes or
state matters. 10 be exerted separately.
-. That the Federal Constitution was
compact jealousy devised. cautiously guard
ed by limitations and specifications, con
ceding power TO the general government
only in certain respects which we're al de-
clared and reserving all other powers. not
enumerated IN the instrument, TO the e1er-
else of the individual States.
4. That in forming the Constitution inc
States Invested themselves of none OF their
sovereignty: that the Constitution 10
power Of attorney. under which the func-
tIonaries Of the general government. as tho
agents of the States are 20 do the duties as
signed them by the paramount authority,
the States.
IS. That as the Congress OF the United
States IS but the agent of the states the re-
fusal of the States or any OF them, to recog-
nze the law passed by the Congress Is sh
inherent right of the principal. Inht ~ 10
an absurdity 10 talk Of state repeiipg
against the general government. Inc SUI
perior cannot rebel against the inferSor' the
principal against the agent.
"6. That each State has the right OF a
veto on any act of Congress which it shsh
deem unconstitutional. That unconSt1ta-
tional laws are null and void at initio.
~. That in virtue of her sovereignty the
~
bound 70 her people 10 protect them against
the usurpations of Congress by multiplying
the unconstitutional law and relieving her
citizens from Gil obligations 10 obey IT. Inns
is by notifications or the interpositlon OF
the State veto uttered IN Its sovereign ca
pacity.
such we're the principles upon which
Hayne relied IN his great contest with Wed
ster. who represented the Capitalization OF
the Confederacy, or rather the utter ao-
sorptlon OF the States individually IN the
power of the general government
INDORsgD BY SOUTH CA RoLINA.
Two-thirds Of the population of South
Carolina Endorsed these principles. but the
remaining one-third, while approving the
major portion Of them, demurred 10 the
doctrine of publication as q logical de-
ductlon from them. in the words OF Simms
(p. AID: This party. claiming equally TO be
OF the States rights doctrine with the party
OF notification recognizing the right OF Sc
cession from the Contederacy on the part OF
a State no longer sure Of its rights within IT
were yet incapable of recognizing the
right of notification: that is, the forbidding
of one or more laws of Congress while still
remaining an integral of the Union"
This whs the position Of the South IN 1861.
Substitute for the right Of "nullfcation'
the right of withdrawal from the Union
when its powers were perverted 10 the in
Jury of State of which fact that State in
its sovereign capacity. that is It's people IN
convention assembled, must be the sole
Judge and we have the position OF the large
majority Of the people of the South IN 1901.
Even the minority when the powers OF the
Union we're directed 10 the coercion OF a
State, which power the whole South de-
MED to the general government, approved
of such withdrawal and called 1t the OK
ercise Of the right of revolution naturally
inherent in people. Never WAS a people
more unanimous In its action.
Now. such principles of constitutional in
depreciation. supported by men of intellect,
learning aud knowledge of constitutional
history, as ardent patriots as ever breathed.
aud carried out 10 their legitimate cOnse-
Quences by a legal withdrawal from the
Union of eleven sovereign States and an at
tempted withdrawal of two others which
were divided il sentiment. cannot be pooh
poOhed and relegated 10 the limbo OF an
tiquated rubbish, as IS done by Professor
Trent all throughout his work from begin
ming 10 end.
1t shows q lack Of that soundness of judg
ment and fairness Of treatment which
should characterize tho philosophical his
torian. Indeed, no Southern man can read
this book without feeling his blood boil
within him at the injustice OF the author.
at the aspersions cast upon his people and
tneG nOLFts, DuI We snOulu IoHeOt H'sIh-
deed. it serves as any excuse Tor the au-
thor. that the young man did not live in the
times Of which he writes and therefore
knew nothing personally of what he was
writing about. and from his historical edu-
cation he has learned to view this whole
period. fraugbt with such vital issues.
through the medium ofNorthern spectacles.
However. one may well ask why should we
take that view when President Davis Rise
and Fall of the Confederate Government.
and Vice President Stephens 'Constitu-
tional View of the War Between the
States" to say nothing of other works.
were so easily accessible TO the historian
Whether Professor Trent has ever read
these works 1 do not know. There Is no
evidence of il in the book before US. But
these works are bulky and not sought out
by the student
A MANUAL FOR OUR SONS.