Evening journal., 1892-02-08
OUR INFLUX OF PAUPERS
Report Of the Commission on
European Immigration.
THE QUESTION AS STUDIED ABROAD

immigration commission -Messrs. Weber,
Gross. Kempster Powderly and Schulties-
sent abroad to investigate the causes which
induced the heavy immigration from Eu-
rope to the United States, has been made
public by the treasury department.
The commissioners visited different eoun-
tries and made separate reports. Commits
sioners Weber and Kempster made a joint
report as TO the causes which incite immi-
grafton. They say there are superior con-
ditions and advantages in the United
States; higher wages, fewer hours Of
labor, better living, freedom from mill
tary duty and burdensome taxation and
regulations involving freedom Of move
ment personal liberty and better oppor-
tunities for rising TO higher social levels in
this country; and in Russia it is due TO re-
hgious persecution. They obtained stats
tics from all the great transatlantic steam
ship companies, showing that more than 90
per cent, Of the immigrants who land here
come on tickets sent by relatives OF friends
who have preceded them, and which are
purchased in this country AS to whether
steamship companies stimulate immigration,
they report that in the countries which they
visited this is forbidden by law, with severe
penalties, copies Of which are appended to
the report The result OF the conferences
held with the steamship companies az Liver
pool and Bremen are given, in which the
steamship companies express determine
ton to be governed by our laws.
Contract Laborers.
AS 70 the importation of contract labor
ers, they say that legislation by congress,
which transferred the immigration bureau
70 federal oversight has very largely stop
ped the Wholesale practice Of such opera
tions and that il now exists 60 a very limit
ed extent Relative 10 the systematic ship
ment Of detectives, criminals, insane, etc,
to this country, they report that in the
countries visited by them this Is not now
done, although there is no doubt that il was
done formerly. Concerning pauper immi-
grafton they say that il the standard Of
pauperism is to be based upon money pos
sessions when landed, it would in times past
have excluded many who are now prominent
in commercial, financial and legislative
bodies, and every way worthy as true Amer
lean citizens, and II this standard is now to
be adopted, II win exclude those who may
become equally desirable.
Relative to consular inspection, etc, they
report it as impracticable, as it would at
once increase the proportion Of weak and
inilrm and decrease the proportion Of young
and strong, who are liable to duty in their
own country. They say that it is their
opinion that if congress desires TO restrict
or stop immigration it should meet that
question squarely, and not attempt to do so
by cumbrous and expensive machinery
The report gives in detail a method BY
which all undesirable immigrants may be
prevented from embarking, and with no ex-
pense 20 the United States. Briefly, this
is to hold an steamship agents and sub
agents responsible for the cost Of returned
ineligibles, which can be done under their
own laws.
Thus, one returned passenger would de-
stroy the profits made on the sale Of ten OF
twelve tickets, and az the same time the
sub-agent would be suspended or dismissed
for noncompliance with the steamship COM
pany's regulations. All doubtful cases are
70 be referred TO the treasury department
and reply received before the immigrant
win be permitted to embark. The report
suggests that our laws be amended SO as e
compel the return to their own countries Of
all paupers as soon as they become pauper
AHNNt hAu az NAiAAAntint AANki keINAHE GU
sentence, up 10 the time Of their becoming
full citizens, as is done by every countr,
they visited except England. Attention 4
called to the necessity Of guarding the Cana
dian borders 70 prevent inehgibles from
crossing,
The Hebrew Exodus.
The commissioners say that the humble
of Jews living in Russia is very large, an,
that they are subject TO persecution iron
the fact that they are Jews. If the perse
cution continues it win cause the emigra
ton Of population numbering 5,0OO,0 900 o
7.0O0, 700. not only Of Jews, but members O
the Orthodox Greek church. Their conclu
sions are that the terrible prosecutions ar
based almost entirely upon religious ground
and must, II continued, drive out the entir
population Of the so called unorthodol
These conclusions are based upon person,
examination and conversation with peopl
of all classes in the Russian dominions
Commissioner Cross reports that he hs
personal knowledge of the fact that in N
northwest tickets are sold on six month
time and sent 20 Europe for intending imm
grants. In Italy he says that emigration
excited largely by the efforts Of steamshi
agents, who are everywhere exceedingly y
tive. He says that in England before pr
oners are discharged, some person connectC
with the Prisoners Aid society visits n
convict in prison and arranges with him
20 70 the United States II the prison
accepts the government pays the society Il
sum Of six pOa-..-. This sum pays his pc
sage to the United States and leaves hi
something over on his arrival here.
Commissioner Powderly found that b
boards Of guardians in Ireland did emigra
paupers from among inmates Of the wor
house, as well As those receiving outdoor
lief Ia England paupers are also assist
to emigrate, the bords Of guardians havii
the same powers as in Ireland.
The Canadian Border.
Commissioner Powderly favors the
pointment Of agents, who should be dire
~ responsible to the United States e
eminent and whose duties would
to furnish certificates to those W
can furnish a certificate from the mum
pality whence they come showing 60
character, sound health, and that he
never been convicted Of a crime, and q
unless the intending immigrant can prodJ
such a document he should not be permit
to embark A duplicate should be sent
the inspection officer Of the port from VIII
the ship sails. There should be a SUFFICE
number Of such agents TO do the work
fectiyely, but he says this plan viii be U
less unless the Canadian border is careful
guarded.
Mark Twain a Little Better.
BERL1N, Feb S.-Samuel l. Clemens
very SICK with inhamed lungs and thrC
HIS wife saws he shows signs Of impro