davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
CSss Of sesssush,p WORKING.

The cost Of working steamships Is, in
comparison wish many industries, exces-
sive. During last year SIX Of the steam
ships Of largs company earned gross
profit Of $500, 600. Out Of that sum there
was first paid tor the wages ana provisions
Of the crew, 1000. Port charges came
next In smount, and over $4,000 was SO
paid, whils the cost Of insurance was $45,-
000 The bunker Goals cost SIS, 900; the
cost Of loading and dischsrging was $40, 900.
and the commissions paid to merchants and
brokers, with dispatch money, aggregated
$4,000. When deck and engine stores, the
cost OF docking, painting, ETC., and the cost
OF management IL added, the total expens
diture is brought up to $815. 600; 20 that only
about one-tenth Of the original gross profit
remains to be divided among the owners OF
the vessels. It Is easy to say that the
cost OF working is excessive, but it would be
much more difficult to point out how IL can
be reduced by the efforts of the owners.
Insurance and dock charges are two items
that admit of little modification. In the
cost of Goals there is always q huctuation, as
1t varies not only with the actual price, but
also, In some degree, with the nature of the
trade in which the steamers are engaged;
and there Is also decrease in wages, be-
cause during recent yesrs the employment
Of men has not increased eoneurrently with
the increase in the size of steamships.
Speaking generally, the cost Of fuel is being
decreased bv more perfect machinery, and
also by the increased development Of coal
mining Still, when allowance has been
made for all this, the cost of the working of
steamships Is very heavy, and should
freights keep low, the attention of those in
terested will need to be given to the reduc-
tion of that cost.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
When Doctors Differ.

A solution of the problem why the mag.
netic needle. instead of pointing due north
ward, incliues to greater or less degree to
one side, and why the region to which it is
directed keeps slowly shifting, has been
offered by Henry Wilde. Mr. Wilde be-
lieves that the outer shell of the earth and
the great mass within rotate somewhat in
dependently of each other The interior
portion, still in liquid condition, he con-
ceives as continuing to revolve about the
axis which our planet had in its infancy;
that is, one perpendicular to the plane Of
the elliptic. He thinks that when the
moon was thrown off from the earth the
crust of our globe was skewed over to one
side about 23o, and this part, therefore, re-
wolves about what we call "the geograph-
ical pole"
The inner mass, like the other planets
and the sun, he regards as electro-dynamic,
while the shell is electromagnetic. Mr.
Wilde's demonstrations are worked out
with great care and ability, and he claims
that, 'from the various movements OF de-
clination and inclination needles, correlated
with each other in direction, time and
amount on different parts of the earth's sur
face, the theory Of fluid interior may now
be considered to be as firmly established as
the doctrine of the diurnal rotation OF the
earth on its axis. On the other hand, the
notion that the earth is solid to its core is
still stoutly maintained by large number
of eminent physicists, and no less an au-
thoritv than Sir William Thomson has cx-
pressed the belief that the whole globe is as
rigid as glass, if not as firm as steel
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03

The successful long distance transmission
of power by the Laufen-F Frankfort plant
has given decided impetus to operations in
this field, and the results of the present
steps toward utilizing the Niagara Falls for
this purpose are being eagerly anticipated.
There has been good deal Of wild talk on
the subject of using the power Of Niagara in
New York City, and leading electrical
paper wisely says that 1t is vastly more
within the bounds OF likelihood that New
Yorkers will have to drink the water Of
Lake Erie instead of running their factories
with it.
There are two new ideas on the subject of
the electrical transmission Of power which,
from their source, deserve special attention.
Prof Elihu Thomson speaks Of transmit
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
Improving the aIsmory OF Fieur.s.

The fault with most artificial memory
systems Is that they are too elaborate, and
break down from the impraeticability of
their conditions. For the purpose of i'm
proving the memory Of figures, little
trouble and common sense will 60 further
than most Of these so-ealled mnemonic sys-
TENS 1t is beyond question that some
people have the inestimable boon of good
memory, but in many cases poor memory
is mainly the result of carelessness and
want of attention. BY the exercise of steady
determination the power Of concentration
necessary for improving the memory can be
gradually gained The mind must not be
loaded too much. A little every day is quite
enough, but that little must be well and
earnestly grappled with. If this is done
conscientiously the results will soon be most
gratifying.
The amount of money spent daily, no
matter how uncomfortable the items may
be, may be written down at night from rec
objection. If note is given or taken the
amount of it, the time it was given and the
of interest, can be held in mind with little
difficulty. The number Of q street in which
friend lives, and such things as the num-
Der Of apple, peach and pear trees in your
orchard, if you are lucky enough to have
one, and innumerable other items of daily
life can be utilized as memory lessons. The
main point is that there must be no shirk-
ing The memory is debilitated and indo-
lent, and the indisposition to exert itself
can only be overcome by resolute will
power, until it has been toned up to healthy
and vigorous action. The discipline is not
altogether pleasant, but it pays
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03

Queen Marguerite. manufacture of that
lovely and most perfect of laces, Venetian
point in relief, was revived at Burano, one
of the little islands that cluster around
Venice. Venice, as it is well known, was
the home Of the lace-making art. No pre-
else date can be given as its first appearance,
but 1t was some time in the fifteenth cen
fury, and 1t was either the result of an
effort at imitation of the embroiders in gold,
silver and eolors brought to Italy by the
Greeks or is the direct descendant of the
magnificent saracenie ornaments left by the
latter people in Southern Europe. But no
matter what the origin, Venice was the first
to attain perfection, notwithstanding France
and Flanders claim the honor.
The Frenchman, Colbert, endeavored to
initiate and rival the Venetians, but was at
last compelled to suborn women from
Venice and distribute them among his
workshops. The result was the superb
French laces of the seventeenth and eight
eenth centuries. which are really, as matter
Of course, Venetian laces transplanted
Point d. Alencon is an exact imitation of
Burane point, and, to be honest, it has never
equaled the original. Among the import
ant pieces which Queen Marguerite is likely
to send to the country are the reproduction
of Pope Clement XIII'S 1aces. Her Majesty
is also the owner of the originals 1t took
10 work-women two years to make them.
One piece, which was exhibitedsat at Paris in
1876, is valued at 6, 200 francs, although it is
only three meters long and 81 inches wide.
Another piece, which may be excluded, is
copy of the wonderful collar made for Louis
XIV on his coronation. This MASTERPIECES
of Venetian point required two years to
make, and cost $50 pieces of gold These
few facts will serve to show how important
the Italian Queens exhibit may be made
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
SHE MADE THE GOD A CAP,
Curious Japanese Legend as to the Cruelty
of Silk Production.

Curious Japanese Legend as to the Cruelty
of SILK Production.
In the book called Jizo-kio-kosni, this
legend is related of the grea. statue of Jizo,
of Japan. Formerly there lived at Kama.
kura the wife of Ronin named Soga Saday.
oshi. She lived by feeding silkworns and
gathering the silk. She used often to visit
the temple of Ken-cho-ji; and one very cold
day she went there, she thought that the
image Of Jizo looked like one suffering from
cold; and she resolved to make a cap to
keep the gods head warm. such cap as the
people Of the country wear in cold weather
And she went home and made the cap, and
covered the gods head with it, saying:
''Would we're rich enough to give thee
warm covering for all thine august body;
but, alas! I am poor, and even this which /
offer thee is unworthy of thy divine accept
ance"
Now this woman died very suddenly in
the Goth year of her age, in the twelfth
month of the fifth year of the period called
Chisho. But her body remained warm for
three days. so that her relatives would not
suffer her to be taken to the burning ground
And on the evening of the third day she
came to life again.
Then she related that on the dav of her
death she had gone before the Judgment
seat of Eunna, King and Judge of the Dead,
and Eunna, seeing her, became wroth, and
said to her:
''You have been a wicked woman, and
have scorned the teaching of the Buddha.
All your life you have passed in destroying
the lives of silkworms by putting them in to
hestel water. Now you shall go to the
Kwakkto-J igoku, and there burn until your
sins shall be expiated."
Forthwith she was seized and dragged BY
demons toa great pot filled with molten
metal and thrown into the pot and she
cried out horribly. And suddenly Jizo-
Sama descended into the molten metal be-
side her, and the metal became like fiow-
ing oil and ceased to burn, and Jizo put his
arms around her and lifted her out And
he went with her before King Eunna, and
asked that she should be pardoned for his
sake-forasmuch as she had become related
to him by one act of goodness. So she
found pardon, and returned to the Shaba
world.
1t is not lawful, according to Buddhism,
for any one to wear silk, and by the law Of
Buddha priests are forbidden to wear it.
Nevertheless, nearly all the priests wear
silk, Buddha or no Buddha
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
A New Fire Extinguisher.

A new material, which has been intro
duced in England under the name of
''vulite," has given some remarkable re-
suits as fire extinguisher. For this pur-
pose, although it is liquid, it is much
more effective than water, inasmuch as it
freezes only at very low temperature and
exercises no I'M urious effects on fabrics or
timber. A large fire made with highly in
fiammable materials was e1tinguished almost
Immediately by small charge of the pre-
paration. 1t is also likely to come into use
as protector for the skin for persons who
are exposed to intense heat. A very con-
vincing feature of the merits of vulite is
that after it has been applied material that
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
Cure OF Snake Bites,

1t seems likely that by the time all the
venomous snakes have been killed of the
face of the earth science will have discov.
cred means of neutralizing the effect Of
their poison. But, in the mean time, every
remedy that does this even partially means
a saving of human life A child who was
bitten in Queensland by sdeath adder
has just been saved from death by the ad-
ministration of strychnia. The child on
being bitten was taken to the nearest house,
the end OF the finger in which the fangs of
the snake had been fastened was removed,
the stump being sucked and drenched with
ammonia, the ligatures being applied to the
arm. In three hours the child was almost
comatose, the body and the extremities
cold, pupils dilated and insensltive to light,
and the pulse rapid and irregular. The
child was then wrapped in hot fannels, heat
was applied to the limbs, while four minims
of liquid strychnia were administered hypo-
dermically and a strong faradic current ap-
piled to the nape of the neck and along
the spine Fifteen minutes later another
four minims of strychnia were injected, and
almost Immediately a change began to mani
fest itself in all the symptoms.
In a short time the child recovered con-
sciousness and improved so rapidly that the
next day she was apparently we'll, and none
the worse for her dangerous experience ex-
cept for the loss of her finger 1t is stated
that hypodermic injection Of strychnia has
been adopted in many similar CASES, with
almost unvarying success, and 1t is now re-
garded by the medical profession as most
valuable remedy for the deadly poison of
snakes.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03

Mrs. e. Lynn Ltfszo'l. small estate lett her
father, clergyman in the lake country,
she has earned her own living with her pen.
As one so often finds in the case of these
fiery writer's upon women's wrongs. Mrs.
Linton is separated from her husband, w.
j. Linton, the reformer, writer and en-
graver, who has for many years made his
home in this country. Perhaps this is why
she writes of divorce with such zest. But
she does not spare her own sex. In her last
article on DECAY of Mode st,> in Women"
she rides rough-shod over her sisters in the
London drawing rooms who wear "skirts so
tight as to be little mere than an apaqne
film nodded to the figure, and bodIces with
only shoulder strap for sleeve, and so
low as to leave no impression Of bodice at
ALL"
Mrs Linton's later tpolemics upon social
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03


The maxim that q certain gentleman of
unsavory reputation is not 30 black as he is
painted would seem to apply to the charges
which are preferred against many of our do
mestic birds. The meadow lark, for in
stance, for which the farmer has nothing but
abuse, is accused of pulling up shoots of
young wheat. 1t Is now found that the food
of these birds is mostly insects, and that
therefore they do q great deal more good
than harm. How little they deserve the
odium into which they have fallen is shown
bv the fact that in the stomachs Of 80 larks
100 seeds, % caterpillars, 81 grasshoppers
and 81 beetles were found. The robin and
the b1ueiay have no character to speak Of,
vet two Of the former birds have been known
to take to their young 30 cutworms within
an hour, in a country where berries were
plentiful, while the bluejsy is one of the
most voracious insect feeders known. 1t is
estimated that two jays and, say five young
birds, require for food In 100 days 90, 600 in
sects that are harmful to fruit and food
plants.
The woodpecker, which is looked upon as
decidedly outside the pale of ornithological
respectability, subsists on insects and grubs
that injure fruit, and the sparrow hawk,
which no one will say good word for, de-
stroys great quantities Of snakes, mice and
insects. The only birds which appear to be
hopelessly mischievbus and destructive. for
which no saving clause can be entered, are
the crow and the sparrow, and these fully
deserve all the abuse that has been heaped
upon them.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03

ting 1so. .ooo.horse power $40 miles at 900,
900 volts through three wires shout o. large
a. . good sized Knitting needle, and 70 send
this underground, too, through . small pipe,
using only cotton and cheap oil as the insu-
latofs. He also proposes to supply the
cal power instead of with expensive csal.
Mr.. Tesla on the other hand, makes the
statement that there will be no necessity in
the future to transmit power to great dis
tances, because we shall be able to get cheap
power at any place in the universe.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
The Electric Motor In the Industries.

1t was prophesied not many years ago
that the electric motor would be the means
of effecting very considerable modifca-
ton of the factory system. by the ease with
which it would enable the artisan to work
at his own home. There are many signs
that the fulfllment of this augury is ap-
preaching. Already 5000 people in the
city of Rochester use electric motors in
making their living. Many of these people
live in the outskirts OF the town, and do
their work at their homes. So much has
the utilization of the electric current for
sewing machines been taken advantage of
that local company has extended lines to
275 tailoring shops, nearly all of which are
in the rooms of the owners homes. This
number includes several that have been
adopted by seamstresses and workers on Q
small scale. The company has 800 motors
in different parts Of the city, varying from
one-eighth to % horse power. There is
quite demand for them among dressmak-
ers, small printing Offices and dentists, be-
sides other industries. So thoroughly have
the inhabitants of Rochester begun to
realize the advantages Of electricity that 1t
is believed before another year has passed
street cars and many small Offices will be
heated by the electric current.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
A SIEGE OF SICKNESS.
Bob Burdette Fights It Out With a
Little Indisposition.
IT WAsAFIvE DAYS ENGAGEMENT
Nobody Was Seriously Hurt, but II Wasn't
Pleasant, However.
FUN WITH THE CROWS AND THE CLOCK
rwHrrrfx FOR THE DISPATCH,

"Is there no hopef" the sick man said.
The silent doctor shook his head,
And took his leave with signs OF sorrow,
Despairing of his fee tomorrow.
But it wasn't the sick man who wrote thii
satirical quatraip; oh, no; it was the gay
man. The sick man never jokes about ply.
sicians and medicines. They are very seri.
Gus things to him. For his part he cannot
have too many of them. A few weeks ago,
with the shallow idiocy which is part OF
exuberant health, he laughed over the old
fancy
See one physician, like sculler plies
The patient fingers, and by inches dies;
But two physicians, like pair OF oars,
Watt him more swiftly to the Stygian
shores.
But he is sent to bed with some slight
sickness, and he believes that enough physi-
clans, should they pull together, could row
him up Niagara, back to life, out OF the very
whirlpool of DEATH
Really, 1t isn't such an unpleasant thing
to be i'll, if one knows how to be. It has
its compensations. For hurried, busy
man, who undertakes more than he can do,
sickness comes as an angel Of rest; al
though when she flies into the room with
her message, the terrified patient thinks he
can smell birthstone on her wings, and
hence is apt to mistrust the visitant. But
that is his own fault
Driving in the Pickets.
The time comes in your active life when
your inirmity Of temper warns yourself and
the family that you have got out of bed on
the wrong side The CHEEKY meal Of incense
breathing morn doesn't taste right You
find fault with the coffee in a tone that turns
all eyes upon you. The egg they gave you
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03
Odd ways of Keepins Books.

Everybody has heard of the storekeeper
who unable to write kept his books by
drawing rude symbols of the article sold on
his slate or book. For instance q circle in
dicated cheese, the same circle with lit
tie square in the center represented grind
stone, while repetition Of the same circle
inclosing radiating lines stood for q wagon
wheel. There are other original methods
that have been invented by uneducated
persons to keep track of their business, and
which are too well known to require
recapitulation here, but the most
curious of all books of the kind ever
heard of was that found among the effects of
bankrupt storekeeper in the West of Eng
land recently. 1t was not the articles that
were oddly designated, but the names of
customers to whom credit had been, given.
One was the Woman on the Key; then
there was the Coal Woman; Old Coal Wo-
man; Fat Coal Woman; Market Woman;
Pale Woman; A Man; Old Woman; Little
Milk Girl; Candle Man; Stable Man; Coach
man; Big Woman; Lame Woman; Quiet
Woman; Egg Man; Little Black Girl; Mrs.
In Cart; Old Irish Woman; Woman in
Corn Street; A Lad; Man in the Country;
Long Sal; Mrs. Irish Woman; Mrs. Feather
Bonnet; Blue Bonnet; Green Bonnet;
Green Coat Blue Britches; Big Britches;
The Woman That Was Married; The Wo-
man That Told Me of the Man.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03


out of the case, to whom can we turn as a
representative American orator? OF the
Congressional debaters there are quite a
number able to present mastery arguments
on any question that may come up, but they
are usually read from manuscript in dry
hard manner that lulls few of the talker's
colleagues to slumber in their seats, and
drives the remainder to pleasant seclusion
in the cloak room.
Happily for us, however, the promise of
the future is more encouraging. If the
young eagles" who are pluming them
selves in various parts of the country Just
ify present expectation, the coming genera
ton may find successors to Patrick Henry,
Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and Charles
Sumner In the Bryans, Dalzells and
Wrights who are making themselves heard
oratorically both in aad out of legislative
halls
Probably the most interesting figure at
present is Seaborn Wright. of Georgia, a
young speaker who is electrifying the peo-
pie of his native State with his magnetic
eloquence. Men who have heard some of
the greatest speakers of the time say Sea-
born Wright has no equal on the rostrum
to-day. His speeches glow with all the
warmth and fervor of the South; his Ian
guage is of the best, while his argumenta-
tive ability is always great.
1t is to this Southern Demosthenes that
the Hill wing of the Democratic party has
turned as a banner bearer of the Chicago
Convention. He is to be asked to make the
speech that will nominate Tammany's
fayorite, and already the enthusiasts look
forward to a stampede to the famous David
B., induced by Seaborn Wright's eloquence.
Mr.. Wright Is young layer who has
achieved considerable fame in the South.
His reputation extended into the Northern
States last year as one of the leading coun-
sci in the celebrated Winpee Dietz-McKee
murder trial, Georgian case which at
tracted much attention at the time on ac-
count of the intricate law points involved
and from which Mr. Wright emerged tri-
umphant, although arrsyed against him
were the flower of the Southern bar.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03

woman whose articles
upon svFs-s ef especial
interest to her own
sex have attracted so
much attention both at
home and abroad. She
is essentially q work.
ing woman, for since
since she was 23-and
she is now 70-when
she lost by unfortu-
nate investments the
n r..
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03

thus produced was des- Cencio scupdgsiosa
tined later to be counted among the world s
most beautiful art works. Equally inter-
esting was the revival of Venetian lace
making about a score of years ago. The
art reached its greatest perfection in the
seventeenth century, and then the knowL
edge of it ard the trade gradually died out,
until about 80 years ago, when the Buranos
scarcely retained a tradition of it During
the winter of 1872 famine almost depopu-
lated the little island. While aiding the
people, the Countess Adriano Marcello
found in the possession of an old woman
named Cencia ScarpagIiola several speci-
mems of old Venetian lace. She had made
them in her youth. Although of great age,
she was immediately placed in charge of a
lace school and workroom The Eeincar-
mated industry throve beyond expectation;
Burano's lace is known all over the world,
and when the art wss secret bound deep
within the brain of one weak, decrepit old
woman q score of years since, now hundreds
are practical workers and find demand for
the lace beyond their ability to supply.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-04-03

distant seas, bringing
to his love a specimen
of the eaplant known
as ''mermaids' lace;''
in science, Kalimelia
opuntia The girl OBJ
serves with sorfoW the
pretty plant wither-
ing and losing its
beautiful symmetry,
and endeavors to imi-
tate it witbneedle and
thread. The fabric