The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1892-03-13

taken. he never looked back Moreover, hav.
Ing him self q strong sense OF theresponsitility
OF off1ce. he had sympathy for all under him.
His counsel In difficulty and his support under
imputation were unfailing-the only sure way
to get hearty and jealous service. NJ. W. II.
The Origins Or the Auglo.s xon Race.
In work entitled Ge,,nanic Origins Serb.
neral. tho author. Prof. FRANCIS GuMMERE of
Haverford College. aims to give an account Of
the. founders OF the English speaking race
while they still occupied their old home and
retained their old faith and customs. ,,.
This book Is no compilation. but an indie
pendent study OF the original sources. Quo
tations at second hand are made only where
the authority from which they are taken IL
itself Of the first class. All extracts from
early Germnnic literature are at FIRST hand. and
the same statement holds good OF classical sh-
thors. like Cesar or Tncitus. 1t will. OF course.
be understood that for the purposb OF this in
auiry the author generally means by Germans
the InRaevonic or Low German tribes who w.te
beyond question the founders Of our so.called
Anglo-Saxon race 1t is not to be supposed
that the author refers under the torn
saxons to the great inland nation which Char
lemsRne forciby converted to Christianity in
tho ninth century. He has In view the Sepa-
rate tribe, first named by the geographer
Ptolemy. and which afterward helped so much
to conquer and settle England. These Saxons
were seated at the foot Of the Cimbrian renin-
sula and by the mouth OF the Elbe., Next to
them on the north were the AnRlians who
lived In what is now Schleswig. The Jutes
lived In northern Jutland and must have been
close neighbors Of the Danes
Tho coast land OF Germany between the
Elbe and the Oder did not ut the beginning Of
our era present It's present conformation. 1t
was full OF islands. inlets. swamps. and forests.
But for the vast regions of woodland and
morass. the military skill OF Drusus would
doubtless have conquered Germany as the
skill OF Cesar conquered Gaul. The obstacles
presented by tho German swamps to the
Roman soldiers, particularly in the north. are
dwelt upon by Tacitus. The winters were keen
and long, tho prevalence Of marsh and forest
making them far more severe than they are
now. TWAS dreary. fatherlund which our
ancestors deserted for Britain. The genius Of
Germsnic poetry Is tragic. but back OF the
tragedy lies the melancholy temperament and
back Of this the gloomy world In which our
forefathers dwelt. Their song echoes notes OF
distress-huuRer and cold tho ,howlinH OF
wolves. the grinding OF ice. the exile and mis-
cry o.! friendless men.the bitterness OF toll
upon wintry ocean: such are tho shadows to
which a fierce delight In battle and slaughter
offers the sole relief. The boundless and
scarcely penetrabe swamps. the vast and low
erfng forests. made the Low German fltful aud
passionate. inclined to gloom or to unchecked
reactionary revelry. So far AS his fancy pic
tured an underworld OF sorrow and eloom-of
punishment he had no foraboding- was like
tho earth he saw around him. q world OF cold
and cheeriess waters. q water hell" as it has
been named.
The inhabitants OF such land must have
been more nomadic than agricultural. Tut al
though marsh and forest predominated Ger
many was not entirely without fertile fields and
rude system OF farming. Caesar. to be sure.
discovered very little which testified Of agri-
culture but Tacitus mentions 1t in more
favorable terms AS. tho Roman barriers
threw the Germans back upon them selves.
there would naturally arise demand for some
steady supply OF food. and they would learn to
till tho soil. The Angles. Saxons. and Jutes.
once settled in Britain. became as, persist
emit farmers as were ever seen. Neverthe-
less. npmadic instincts were originally very
strong among the Germans. and ON the Conti-
nent they long put their. chief trust in
nocks and herds. Among tho Ingaevonic
tribes especially. swine must have been
raised in great numbers. and though
OF inferior breed were doubtless prime
source OF food. The horse was reared or
hunted. not for modern reasons nor YET for the
milk OF the mare. but for its flesh. Tho ohting
OF horselesh at feasts and celebrations was u
practice which the Church In Germany only
succeeded in driving out after hard and pro-
longed struggle. Down to the year 1000
natan nd In
Poland horses were objects Of the chase az late
az the seventeenth century. The horse. how
eyor. wasdoubtless used s!so for riding. though
Cattle Wssre 'i"mesticated later than horses
and at first wore employed mainly for the yoka
ns Win n " ess Sesn
and he points out the lack OF the stately horns
cimraeteri-tic Of Italian herds. by the year
E ts.sn a. IA:
A AS de Sy %sM .s gHy ye nn
for r1thinE sinewn TO-. hpwstrlngs herns fcr
cGs s w ngea aso ana t%oi srSa dgsEs
tss sra" goose sather. Which 6roasht an"r
HsheH ,y, ncsstn,s With isrnsptsd iIaao,
any %sA Standard Of mosrn tmes. Some oe q the
and enf'iH In kiHs Alireds time the Eng 81 used
employed. As late ms the reign Of William tho
CoDqueror large promotion Of the products
Of the country; az shown BY Domesday Book.
consisted OF honey and Of the mead made
fiom it
II. g., 80,
Tho extent to which agriculture wa spractised
by the Low Germans 10 vexed question. mixed
up as 1t is with the controversy touching tho
epoch at which individual ownership beca mo
fixed. Tho namea Of our popular fruits and
vegetables po'nt conclusively' u an Italian
origin, and the same holds true Of tho refine.
ments OF gardening and the prccosses OF the
vineyard; What little farming was dope com
fncl mainly to the cultivation VI hurley. flax.
and rrrnanS tys-was LETT IL women. cap,tyes,
Pythoas Of N Ma.silia visited iIs German tribes
along the North Sen they had scgrcriy any
garden prodnco such AS thu Greek knew. Nut
lived on mni M snI other plants. on Footsand
table which ing Germans Imported from, their
which magical qlaiiti.s were sttsibdted. Even
among the. lp-Saxons after tmeir settle
IN n,