The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1892-03-06
THE FARM AND GARDEN.
4 yrRGryrAy RELATES MS noes,
And Tho Hnra, New Yorker Tells Him How TO
Get Good Eesufts-fhe Sugar Beof oner'
Wealth to Valley Farmers.

agricultural condition 10 tue h"'" w"
Yorker and asks for Information. The case Is
doubtless one Of many of similar character
IN Virginia an 4 will therefore be oil more IMAM
oassing lntere Il. The farmer says; nave q
sarm Of seven hundred acres, five hundred Oh
which arc clear ell. plant corn on sod WIN
out fertilizer; COW wheat on corn s'uO.''
with two bnndre q pounds OF low-grade 'e'''-
Iizer. follow with wheat and grass usi"s w
hundred pounds ID teri izer.' Iheh Ne'P ~
I'D in sod TOR t,yo 10 four years, ana sne n,
begin the old rotation again. Dnl 'V 80 -, ,,a1 a
nayinc crops. and use the ltTt'l~.i -, de.
FOOD catch OF grass, rs 'ha' - .'i,,liowiuo.
neudepce ~ NAV BE- seen IVl" s 49,, ,,earod
f,";,,'ar one Inn idred head OF thIec-. o"' -.
hi,b | summer on one OF Tue peo,
Se '"e ro,s IN III country. No" 49,
The cattle. a. eeBeralN nIHSo
600 90 x,0 and So Per head Oh ils'" mn, hovo of
-, 10 nastnre L iorgo' 10 say tl'' "a ,ror,
iaast 30 acres o. leNei OF oot,'" ,a,r eiscrs.
"as' -, -. the IA ~ for winieung my sVecio'
"n,cn : -, 1T Keep eight or nine hVises,
anu U.s. o.,,a nd i've or silk mich COWS, anu
beslues o,l'' 20 IA and about twenty hoSs.
t"en', wSit slm satisfied mat tnere -
.~nor IN a rotat iOD al corn ~" $50 r
III ,.ctatoos fed with 81" pouhus vi ms.
10y po.a.,,,;zer II would not suit my present
fnfffs
oII0 .' LITE Cor h, ndiing, and would not
hIe w h"a,,te ,ben successfully Tor market
ue iyip eo,,id ',et ueare the markets. ETC. But
un''l 80 ~ handle cattle and wish 10 I'M
nroye nv land 80 as Il Sst pay ins ctVlo VI
aorn and wheat and gras : loi thio Wouiu heIP
mo IN feel that with the 'ohey hiaue on ooiIi'
49,. ."t and raw. J could .'Npect an improve
w. all around; but 10 d, ubie my crops OF
,.bost cora and bay wOulI give ne more
',nnev more hay and even a Detter lou Oh
na,tfo hut would not sell any nay, preierfing
n my hay crop Nas doubled, to leeu, say one
bundled more cattle year ouhgei man
those nut on grass land. ana Il olu 'neih "
nut on my grass land the fOllO WHY Svh,
enabling me TO make more money DIV SiV 10
on nor head on them when sold As matufed
steers than | now make. Now, shpuiu Put
Tho Surrounds Of high-gTade fertDlI-I "i, ,'e
sod flor CORN or on The wheat ano NViu :.
navf How should it lie broadcasbd: III
might be sown by hand; can't see 80" G,V
could SOW il by drill; i know OF l'o's' ','.
has the capacity to sow more luah r,ih q
nounds: but il might be scattered WI" "
shovel If one knew how 10 empty t'elt'iii'N.l
in haas placed at the right distances Il V'it "
cover one acrs. II fertilizer j. used q so1
for corn. should il be brOadcasted on IN sou
or moved and narrowed IN! l might '"o'
some money ON ten acres II couiu get III VOL -
nation on those points; but lack IL, ana s'ns
as hungry for II as my iahu 10 ioi pie"'y
fertilizer
HOW TO DO 1T.
The Rural New Yorker in reply said: We
should bv all means keep toe cattle ana use
nil the manure possible on the sod for corn
cordensipc IL as much az possible. On seNeIal
rows al intervals through the corn we "ouiu
use also light dressings Of fertilizer as an eN-
refment to see If the manure ana tne eou
iully supplied what the plant needed. n Dag
l.,fr ..fi al a
scattered on several rows through Inc heiH
would show YOU il the soil needs extra potash
or phospboric acid, which Is the point you
need 10 know, as the sod and the manure
doubtless supply all the nitrogen needed. On
seeding 10 wheat we should broadcast 4OO OF
300 pounds Of complete fertilizer. III the grass
seemed weak and thin we should broadcast at
least 400 pounds more on tDat. Inc iesulD
will be better grass, better sod ana better
corn The extra fertilizer VIII mean extra
feed and extra cattle. 1T would not pay 10
use ] 900 pounds of fertilizer on an acre ol
wheat. The only way such heavy dressing
will pay would be 10 use it on the potatoe or
some other. crop that is largely water, ana
which can furnish a very large cash product.
We would suggest this experiment; Tut the
stable manure on sod, pl0w and plant corn.
On one acre of the corn use, scattered between
the rows and cultiVat ed in, Que bagOf ground
bone on another a bag OF muriate OF potash,
and on another one bag OF each. Watch the
crop and see if it responds better to the bone,
the potash or 10 the combination. On seVeral
acres of wheat this spring use from one 10
two bags Of complete high-grade fertilizer per
acre II possible, put 1t on In strcaks through
the field 80 that you can readily see the eject
On the wheat and the subsequent grass. Try
the same with some OF your meadows, lahlhS
those that are poor and also those IN Sood
condition. Broadcast from one to two bags
,Ia in
field so that you can Judge of the effect.
Take ten acres of your sod and give III Roou
dressing of stable manure and plant corn. III
the fall sow wheat with 800 pounds oI COM
plete fertilizer. The following year 80" 4"o
pounds more on the grass. Follow th's ro'a-
iion until the meadows fail. and then rioW
them and plant corn as before. Use ho'nlng
hnt hiph. Grade goods: use fertilizer on wheat
and grass and all the stable manure on sou
for corn. You can use the wheat drlll LOT
opplyine the fertilizer. Get the length Oh the
field There are A., $50 square leel III an acit'
Divide this by the length OF me neIo, anu lhe
product gives YOU the width Oh the acre, anu
This width will give you the distance l apaIt W
place the bags If your field IL ooO ieet long,
The acre is "A trihe over 81 feet wide. 10 put
ON 400 mounds of fertilizer the bags should be
" feet apart, or, il the rows are lhree leet
apart. a bag TO every nine rows. vi course
the drill must be watched and regulated 10
make IL run evenly. 10 put isIunHei vi COT
mr. other rowed crops, we would use the drill,
fixing the tubes so that the fertilizer would be
delivered between the rows. Apply shorty
after or lust before the corn comes up, ana AT
once work into the soil with Breeds weeder
or a cuitivator.
REMARKABLE OPPORTUNITY.
The beet sugar industry is to-day the most
promising opening that exists for creating q
home market for IA new crop which Will make
beets the best paying crop that can be grown
nv the farmers in those sections of the Shen-
nndoah valley, the West, the Northwest and
the Pacific coast, where cheap lands produce
heavy Yields of beets rich in sugar. Even al
the present low price Of refined sugar-irom
70 ACC. per pound-a properly equipped
factory with an abundant supply OF good Oeels
can meet all operating expenses. lncludlng
depreciation OF machinery and otter lmpor
tant incidentals, and still pay 50 per ton for Its
beets. The bounty of &c. per pound on the
sugar made would be net profit on the capita
invested, equivalent TO 10 10 20 per cent. IN
terest. 1t is therefore the best investment fOl
capital that exists today. At$5 per ton beet
will fetch from $50 to over 500 per acre, while
safe estimate OF cost Of production is $50 Il
$40 per acre, leaving an actual profit OF $50 Il
$50 per acre above good pay for the farmers
work on the crop. None Of the staple grain
crops grown i'll the sections referred TO yield
any such net profits. The above figures are
a.