The Press., 1892-01-21
Bridge Ruilder.)
 THE ROADS OF THE WORLD.

Since mankind constructed society and became distributed over the world roads have been necessary to the existence and progress of the race. From the time of Moses there have been royal roads. First the Egyptians, afterwards the Is- raelites, and then the Greeks called their lines of travel that were not used for special purposes royal roads, or the kings highways. In Greece the royal roads were inspected and cared for by the senate at Athens. In Lacedemonia, Thebes and other states they were under the supervision of the most eminent men. Their roads, however, were not the best -of the ancients'. It was reserved for 8 commercial city, Carthage, to build the first paved roads.
 E The Romans followed the example of the Carthaginians, and these great high ways, which connected Rome with it's provinces, were the most renowned and durable ever constructed. All over Eu- rope, Asia and Africa, wherever their em- perors ruled, they built roads that have been supposed by the ignorant of different ages to be of supernatural origin.
 f The continued existence of. some of these wonderful roads thousands of years after their completion has proved the skill and greatness of the master minds which planned and built them. The Ro- man via Appia, the via Aure1ia, the via Flaminia, the roads to the Rhine and the Danube, and the I, 1000 miles of road from the Wall of Antoninus in Great Britain through Rome to Jerusalem, still reveal lessons of construction worthy of the study of the road builders of the nineteenth century. They were accurately divided by milestones, and ran in a direct line from one e;ty tosanother, with very little respect for the obstacles of nature or prf- vate property. The middle part was raised into terrace and consisted of sev- eral stratas of sand, gravel and cement, and was paved with large stones, which, near the capital, were of granite.
 Adam Smiths assertion, that ssthe con- struction of roads is the greatest of all Improvements" and the saying of the Abby Reynal, that wherever we shall find no facility of travel from city to a town, or from village to hamlet, we may pronounce the people to be barbari- ans" have long, especially in Europe, been accepted by mankind. Roads are the ae knowledged civilizers- of the world
 Americans who find themselves in Eu- rope are struck with astonishmeat at the enormous loaGs drawn by horses and dogs. One glance of the eye from the loads to the roads and (half the wonder would be' accounted fo& pecuuse ssase fUsas nave almost eves thing to do with 1t. The, an es As kise. and anrs.eaiatad tige inpdEt- iance Of go public roads. Many of the roads built by the ancient Romans and travelled by the proud Roman conquerors remain to this day. This is particularly the case in Turkey, where they have, ever since the Roman era, been in use, with little or noSrepair.
 Roads in Europe are quite usually fanked on either side by two and some times four rows of shade trees, which add much beauty to the country through which they run, and from 8 distance are particularly picturesque where several roads intersect. One can mark the roads in their wfndings sometimes as far as the eyescan reach by these fresh green shade trees, which, with the various teams of horses and dogs laden with the products of farms, mines and shop, conspire to make q very pretty scene. The public roads of Belgium enter into successful competition with the railroads, so much Iso that man who has his team does not by any means consider himself forced to send his products by rail.
 One can mount his wagon at the Eng fish Channel and drive through the breadth of Europe (except in time of