The sun., 1892-05-01

.h,.h w.s maintained among the disoiples.
| In e,ther direction It. Was very'far removed
| from Tho busy m ercantile life OF fourfshme
seaport. The sailors and traders OF Croton or
| Metapontum could have had very little inen.
| nation to listen to teaching whichdisconraeea
| luxury or any coarse form OF endowment suu
the principle OF common property 10. oicourse'
destructive OF that eager desire ior kai"
which is the soul OF commerce.
For such reasons tho Pythagoreans. as tney
grew IN power. came to be Vowed Win no
friendly eyes by the democratieai secuohs o'
the cities In which they dwelt and in hmetne
opposition showed itself In various outbursts
which led to the expulsion or extinction oitne
sect The first attack upon them seems TO
have taken place at Croton during the lie OF
Pythagoras. Wo are told By the philosopher
biographer that Cylon. one OF the richest ana
most influential OF the Crotoniates. but man
OF low and violent character. sought admis-
sion into the brotherhood. and was rejected py
Pythaxoras. Tho refusal brought upon tho
society the relentless hostility OF Cyion
and his friends. and Pythagoras was ui-
timatoly forced to withdraw to Metapontum
where he died. For n time. nevertheless the
Pythagoronns were able to hold their own. anu.
althoug gh the djssensi which had begun at
Croton spread to other cities. the In
fiuence OF the brotherhood was not at
once overthrown. Eventually. however.
they wore expelled from Croton ana
all the other Graco-Italian cities except
Tarentum and Rhegium: their political power
came to an end. and In timo the sect became
almost entirely extinct. The traditional date
OF tho expulsion OF the Pvthagoreans IA 0O4
D. c.. but Mr.. Abbott assigns reasons for be-
lieving that It must have occurred much later.
as late. in fact. as 44O B. G. We have given
much space to an account OF this remarkable
sect both be causo It is tho fullest and most
trustworthy accessible to English readers.
and because 1t is an extraordinary fact that
the dogmn OF tho trnnsmigration ot
souls and the socialistic principle OF
community OF goods should have been
preached and widely accepted in SOUTH
ern Italy as early as the sixth century B. g.
That was about two and half centuries
before any knowledge OF Buddhism can bs
supposed to have reached western Asia. for
there was no exterior Buddhist propaganda
until after tho timo Of the Buddhist conaueror.
Asoka. who reigned about 275 B. G. Unless.
then. these two features. theoretical and prac-
tical. OF the teaching OF Pythagoras were not
original. We must suppose them to have been
deduced from what he saw or heard in Egypt.
Babylonia. and Media. ........,...
Nv.
Another sign OF the extent to which the
Italian Greeks outstripped for time their
kinsmen OF Greece proper. is the fact that so
far rs we know. the author OF the first written
code Of Hellenic law was 2aleucus OF Locri 1t
appears that in 054 b. G.. some forty or fifty
years after tho colonization. the city OF Locri
foil into great disorder. An oracle was con-
suited which bade the citizens ordain codo
~. AT>o,n khNv,
shepherd named Zaleucus who could provide
them with excellent statutes. Search was
made. Zaleucus was" discovered and asked
whence he obtained his ordinances. and when
he replied that the goddess Athena hdd re-
veaed thom TO him In dreams. he was
made the lawgiver OF tho city. or tho |
laws themselves little Is known. 1t is |
snid. however. that Zaloucus fixed tho penal.
ties for offences and would not leave them to
the caprice Of juries. whose opinions changed |
from time to time. To him also is ascribed |
the famous provision for avcttinS innovations. |
which is alleged to have becn transplarted to
Catana by Charondas. We refer to the recula-
lion that any one who proposed change in
tho laws must come forward into the assembly |
with his neck In a moose. II he Convinced the |
audience the law was altered: il not. the moose
was drawn. Whatever the code may have |
been. Locri became famous for the excellence
NJ her Ia wa nnd there is no doubt that for two
hundred years tho city continued to observe
the statutes framed by Zaleucus. with one
change only. -. st...~ .,..,. wee.
.,,.,-,
."' .oue .i I..,,s o;""!,s ra.
!. ;.t'es y, wv Nann '1. pn,n' ponun "a I..,.
=. :, ~ ""s NV NV y. ~ m.,n -, ~ "nu
rom Sparta. 1t was Of course for this reason
''". 'n oaN '.'no' snt,na, Wv a. W go
'eenie " ,,N H.e4 uee. Tn"a..,. A.. ., i".o:
" W near VI ni's az ~ ."o ..,o Vi
D'r'us' . 'i,o"s" ,upneiu', ."e ...
vas ,tans.or.itu ,h.o .,, III osai'"S. n n'tel 'ne
'looay dete'e VI 'ne l.t.n'lnes aro nies,u ,uns
~ inc AhPSG'ahs' 'he'r o.,pAriah nelsnoors
IN r '1o noE'" ""u e"s'. .ne CONSTITUTION .,, VI
lareHtum pecalhe oelnocfa'le. py 'he m,uu'e
u .ne ni',' .eh'u.. "n' se lI one o,o
lelsht o, its ~ power. ~ was uo,o W pue 1,ooo
iorse anu "ooV 'oo' IN u.e ,'eiu' " iarser iaho
orce .han co"'o 10 'n"''ereu Wy A'hens a' any
'er'oa OF It's existence