The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1892-08-24
ITALY AND BRAEIL.

wn~ters-Gross Mnltre ttuent or the ItNl.
fans In southern B~rnzi-Perns Of the
Bragiiinn Republic-Th- story or Texas
Reproduced In Rio erande do Sui.
ROME. Aug. 12.-Thcre can no longer be any
doubt that tho Italian Government means to
concern itself seriously about tho condition Of
the thousands. indeed, tho myriads. of Itnl-
ians who for ten years past hive Nocked and
are still focking into the States OF South
America. and especially into what used to be-
the ompire OF Brazil. Nom;nallv what wos the
empire is now tn. republic of Brazil. hut Il ia
an abuse OF language to speak OF the re-
public of Brazil as q state. The different
provinces. any one of them larger than most
European monarchics. into which tho empire
OF Brazil wns divided for administrative pur-
poses. woro held together In n kind of practi-
cal unity by what tho imperial Constitution OF
Brazil called the "modoratinr powcr.n tho
| podrr moderator OF the Emperor: and so lonr
as this "modcrating ROVER, existed. it was
not an abuse of language to speal, OF Brazil rs
| n nation.
But under the new order az th,nes the
power OF tho central authority over what
arc now called the "UnitAl States of Brazil"
is a ngment and a delusion. wa have
already seen tho author Of tho republic.
Marshal Da Fonseca, politically ioyoured bv
his own o,rsprinr. though tho rovolution
NIlpn uTONN Dom Pedro into QNi1aL WINS carried
out by d. Fonscca and n handful OF his ASSOC
ciatcs less tnan three years npol How long
the successor of pa Fonseca will be able to
maintain even the shadow OF n central Presi-
DENTAL authority over the twenty different
RtGtcs, which stretch from tho valley Of the
Amazons down to the lands OF The La Plata and
the Parana. ia a problem with which Il IL not
worth while for IA 10 concern ourselves.
Orders scnt from Rio de Janerio to Gran Para
or Minns Gornos. TO Sac PABLO mr. Rio arande
do Sui. might as we'll be sent to Timbuctoo or
the Congo state for all the attention that is
likely to DO paid to them IL they do not hap
pom to jump with the humor or the interests
OF the moment in the State which receives
them. We know how much trouble the Ital-
ian Government had In dealing with what is
called the massacre OF Italians at New Or
leans. and how difficult It was for the Minis
tiers OF King Humbert to make the italian
people understand the complications which
arose in that affair out ofthe limits imposed by
the American Constitution on the action OF
the Federal authorities within tho area Of the
sovereign State Of Louisiana. Tho case
must. OF course. be very much worse when
the Italian Government is called upon, as it al
ready has been and will be again and again.
to enforce respect for the rights and the
interests of Italian subjects in Brazil. upon
III OItt VI oihlD lk5 DuO
Paulo or Rio Grande do Sui or Matte Crosse.
This would be true even II there were no
forces at work within those States to aggra.
vate into international importance disorders
and disturbances which in ordinary circum-
stances might easily DO disposed OF by two
governments. both possessing real power. and
both anxious to maintain peace and order.
But there are forces at work within more than
one OF the larger southern States OF Brazil to
do this very thing
Take for example the State Of Rio Grande
do Sui. This Brazilian State Is very nearly
twice as large q. the State OF New York.
while it has a population smaller than
that Of the State OF Maine. and q proportion Of
inhabitants to the square kilometre lower
than that Of Florida. Even under the empire.
Rio Grande do Sui was always in a state OF III.
suppressed Instruction against tho central
authority. Open explosions of rebellion con-
tinualiy required thero more than half n GEN.
AIRY Even at thnt time there was a con-
siderable lta!lnn element In klo Grande do Sui.
anu some Oh 'ne ear.iost OF those military OK
p.o''s vi parina'ui. "hlch earneu Tor MN the
.i'.e MS couhtrymen delight TO give him OF
tho nero OF TWO worlds were per-
Iorheu IN atd OF the insurgents OF
no arahao ana against the imperial
authority OF brazil. Inc Italian els-
hhent Is no" hiuch stronger. poth relatively
ana aosolutelS' not only IN Rio Grande. but In
otner southern states OF Brazil than it was In
ion! MOI long aiter Marshal da Fonseca
mao ihauceu pom reuro 10 aodicate. and made
himseli DICTATOR Sienor Guadagnini, m able
l'aian writer. lhm'liar with Brazil. pointed
QUITO n's coun'rymoh on poth sides OF the At
i''''c ne interesting iact that the change OF
government IN Brazil might very possibly
ieao o" consequences not contemplated by the
braHiiiah rcVoiutlohlsts VINO had brought
~ hnout' nrnA'l; saiu siEnor duadagnini.
IN MS work. La hepnblica del Brasile." pub
llshed In $50. has now democratic Gov
eminent rounded upon an intense develop
ment OF local autonomy in the provinces.
rms circumstance will give our Italian fellow
countrymcn an opportunity to get the control
OF several provinces
These words were as significant as true,
and they must be borne In mind In es.
timnting tho actual drift OF things In
south America. In Rio Grande do Sui. for
m I'M Nhn I'M