The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-08-06
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

Margarine is the name of new al
10y, consisting of copp n, nickel and
manganese, which has been brought
into the market by German firm as a
material of great resisting power, It
having specific resistance greater than
that OF niclseline, which has hitherto
passed as the best resisting metal.
What is believed to be the largest
aerolite ever known to have fallen from
the clouds is lying in the Caspian sea,
near the Peninsula of Asheron. In fall
ing II made a terrific noise and illumi-
mated the country and sea for miles. 1t
projects twelve feet above the water, so
enormous is it's size. Scientists are
deeply interested in the phenomenon.
Recently compiled figures show that
the total number of regular trains of all
classes in and out of Chicago daily via
all railroad lines is 1860. There are 262
through express and mail trains, 660 ac-
commodation and suburban passenger
trains, 274 merchandise freight trains
and an average of 1874 grain, stock and
lumber trains.-Railway Review.
During the past ten years the total
number of rabbit skins exported from
New Zealand amounted to, in round
numbers, 100000, 900, increasing from
about 1000, 900 in 1889 to IL, 342,77s in
1889. The value of years sale of rab-
bit skins outside of the colony amounts
to nearly half million dollars -
Graphic.
India, with an area of 5000, 900 lSilo-
meters and IA population, according to
the census of 1891, of 275, 900, 900, pos
sesses but 81 200 lkilometers of railroads
/ The greater part of the materials for
| the roads came from England, only the
cast-iron sleepers and wrought-iron
fastenings have been in great part pro
| duced in India. India imported in 1890
iron and steel, chiefly railroad mate
rials, to the value of S13, 100, 900.
AT the general meeting of the Paris
| Pasteur institute, which was held re-
Gently, a report was presented which
showed that since the establishment of
the institute there has been steady
diminution in the death rate of the cases
treated. Thus in 1886 the percentages
of death was 0.94; in 1887, 0.73; in 1888,
O55: in 1889, OBS; in 1890, O32; and in
| 1891, 9.-Philadelphia Medical and
| Surgical Reporter.
The annual meeting of the society
of German Men of Science and Physi-
clans will be held at Nurnberg from
| September ~ to IS. At the same time
and place there will be meeting of the
| German Mathematical association. In
| connection with these meetings there
will be mathematical exhibition, in
cluding models, drawings, apparatus
and instruments used in teaching and
in research in pure and applied mathe-
matics.
The four largest paper machines in
the world are under construction in
| Worcester, Mass, for the new paper
mill at Rumford Falls, Me. One is 1876
inches wide, two 1875 inches wide each,
and one 112 inches More than thou
sand mechanics and laborers will be
employed this summer in building up
the new manufacturing town of Rum
ford Falls and the factories now build
ing will, when completed, furnish en-
ployment for 1900 hands.-N. Y. Sun.
-Pliny the great naturalist, who
lived about the time of Christ, reckoned
| the whole number of known species of
fish at o. Linn@us, the great Swedish
investigator of the eighteenth century,
could classify 47S, and he is known to
have been the greatest ichthyologist of
the age in which he lived. The progress
made in that particular branch since
| the time of Linuaus seems all the more
wonderful for now, since the expedi-
tions of the Challenger and others,
$4,000 species show up in the catalogues
of the fish specialists. - Manchester
Union.
Look at the Pleiades with the un-
aided eye and you may see six or seven
or dozen stars Look at it through a
three-inch telescope and you may,
perhaps, see 3OO Study it through
telescope for three years, as M. Wolff
has done, and map the stars and their
places, and you may record 600 to 700
stars on strange background of nebu-
lous light. Expose sensitive plate for
an hour, and more than twice that
number are revealed. Lengthen the
exposure to four hours, and you have
picture of 2,326 stars with different
and more extensive background of
nebulosity.
The study of the causes of radical
immunity from disease has very prac-
tical side. When we find, for instance
that the japanese are not liable to scar
let fever, and the negroes are equally
exempt from yellow fever, if we could
ascertain what condition it is that con-
fers upon them this exemption, we
might be able to take long step in the
direction of personal and general pro-
phylaXis. There is no more vital ques-
tion, none more attractive to the most
active minds of the medical profession
to-day than this of immunity; and in
the direction of ethnic immunity there
lies wide avenue for investigation
promising to lead to results of the ut :.
most utility to the health and welfare
of mankind. Science.