The record-union., 1892-10-27


likely TO follow from oyertaxation.
ii the colt is of a nervous temperament,
treat kindly by feeling grain, and teach
1t TO eat Jumps OF sugar from your hand
and soon you will be able TO rub and pet
1t. Speak gently to the colt and soon
your coming will be a welcome visit.
When tying with a halter use strong
one, so that if il is scared and pulls back,
the halter viii not break but hold firmly.
Ihe colt Will not soon repeat this method
of getting away. Throughout the break
ing process use harness and vehicles that
are strong and safe. If a colt once runs
away, It seems TO watch for similar op-
portunity.
Should the colt be fretful and try your
patience, do not get mad and give it an
excessive drive simply TO let it know you
are the master, or whip and otherwise
abuse il to gain the same point. The
chances are that if you tell the truth about
the matter afterward, you will acknowl-
edge your mistake.
Teach colts TO instantly obey the word
''whoa," and train them to stand until re-
quested 10 go. Call the colt 10y its name
very frequently. When used 10y the side
of another horse the latter should be of
the gentlest disposition, and no matter
how Kind and trusty it has been, never
leave them without tying them both, as
colts frequently get into bad snarlS, and
the mate, however gentle, is often led to
cause you trouble and loss. American
Agriculturist.
PRUNING TOPS WHEN TRANSATLANTIC.
In a paper read at the meeting Of the
Northern Iowa Horticultural Society, j.
b. Mitchell said that the idea of cutting
back the tops of trees to balance the loss
of roots in digging is wrong. May we
not, by cutting oil the greater part OF the
earlier leaf buds, prevent the leaf action
Il
in the tree and leave it there to sour and
disease the trunk, clog and derange the
cell structure and cause water sprouts in
the body? Are we cutting the right
branch, or are we still further unhalanc-
ing the tree? For several years | nave
acted upon the theory that the top should
not be cut back when q tree is planted,
and l have instructed my customers to
leave the tops entire and do no cutting of
branches as long as they keep plump
which usually will be a year. and after
that to cut sparingly. Experience con-
vinces me that it is no longer q theory,
but that the trees do better with the tops
on, and no wounds exposed to the
weather. If a balancing of the top is
needed, it had better be partially accom-
plished by pruning while in the nursery.
THE PLYMOUTH ROCK.
The Plymouth Rock is said to have
male and Java hen, and then crossing
the pullets with a Dominique male. The
fact Is, that when the breed first came
into existence, says the Mirror and
Farmer, quite numbe of breeders be-
gan to cross the Dominique with other
breeds, i'll order TO secure the barred
plumage and yellow legs. 1t was quite q
long time before the feathered legs were
bred clear of feathers. and the result of
the crossing by so many left the breed
very ununitorm, the Drake strain being
clearer and lighter on the plumage, and
the Haywood somewhat dark. For
awhile there was a ''Corbin'' or Dorking-
shaped strain, and when the breed be-
came well known and admitted to the
standard, the requirements brought them
to a certain shape and plumage which has
aided uniformly. They now breed as
true as any other breed. as all breeds vary
somewhat in the light and dark color OF
their plumage. Pullets sometimes have
dark stripe ON the fronts of their
! shanks. but this passes away gradually.
Cockerels as a rule have yellow shanks
from the start. The yellow legs are not
as distinct, however, as with the Wyan-
dottes. The white Plymouth Rocks are
the result Of annual selection of the
lightest colored birds, though some are
sports" from the barred.
SUCCESSFUL FARMING.
1t is an exploded idea that "any fool can
farm" Occasionally some member OF
that guild still attempts it, but they leave
off poorer than when they began. 1t is
but the bare truth to say that few occupa-
tions or professions demand wider range
of knowledge or greater adaptability in
the individual than this. Truly, success
ftl farming permits of doing nothing by
routine. New conditions and new ques-
tions arise constantly, and require a man
of resources TO cope with them. Some OF
us find that we are not equal to these de-
mands because the basis of our agricult-
ural training was laid too narrowly. Let
US remedy this with our boys and give
them broad education and that thorough
training which will enable them to apply
as the needs arise in life. 1t is the man OF
broad mind, who can study the soil, the
crop, the market, the principles of plant
/ growth and animal nutrition, who makes
the best farmer, and these things are not
! learned by merely following the plow and
/ by hoeing the same old row that ouI
fathers hoed.
TOMATOES THE YEAR ROUND.
Few persons are aware how tomatoes
can be had the year round just as nice as
when picked from the vines, saws q
writer in the Practical Farmer. Here is
! my way: The latter part of tomato season
/ put down in brine Gust salt enough tC
7 HOL sour nlC0 SUM tomatoes IN q 1aT
! keg or barrel, and they will keep almost
/ Indefinitely. Try this, and surprise your
! friends next Christmas by setting before
! them ripe tomatoes just as nice as if lust
/ picked. l viii also tell how to get to-
/ matoes early in Spring: This fall, lust
before frost nips your vines, take up the
incest healthy tomato vines, put them in
/ a cellar in some dirt (having trimmed
/ about halfOf the vine away, pour a little
{ water on dirt two or three times tbrOurh
! the winter to keep roots damp; set them
out in the spring, and you will gain
| about three weeks time.
GRASS AND TREES.
Grass wants water and food as well as
/ trees-but the roots of plants only extend
/ in proportion to their branches. An
/ Usage orange tree thirty feet high will
! extend its roots thirty feet or more from
/ the trunk. But if the Usage is cut every
| year so that it does not attain to more
/ than five to ten feet, the roots are limited
1 in proportion. So with grass; lawn on
/ which the grass is suffered to grow a foot
or more in hight, will send roots down 4
/ foot deep, and dry and rob the soil pro
! portionately, but if kept mown to less
/ than an inch the roots will drain the
ground to only proportionate depth.
1 Therefore, short grass under lawn trees
( may be benefit by keeping the surface
cool, and not drying the ground materi-
/ ally-but long grass and rare trees will
/ tight and quarrel over the food and
/ neither rest satisfied.
MANURE FOR ORCHARDS.
The long experience of orchardists has
/ proved the great value of barn manure
for orchards, top-dressed or spread evenly
over the whole surface, the best time o
/ the year for the work being in autumn
. and early winter the next best Bv fhf