The morning call., 1892-05-13
THE HAWAIIAN PROBLEM.
Facts and Figures on the Cues
ti0n Of Annexation.
Terrible Effect Of Monaghan immigration on
the Native Population-The Portu-
guese Exodus.

line T6c6nb ulSCu5SlOU VI tilo
proposition to annex the Hawaiian Islands
to the United States is intimately associated
with the question Of Monaghan immigra-
ton into these islands. II this immigration
proceeds at the present rate it is safe to say
that few years hence this country would
not take the Hawaiian Islands on its hands
on any terms short of the expulsion Of the
Monaghan element by measures Of as dras-
tic character as were adopted by Shall
maneser and Nebuchadnezzar in the days
of old. The Mongolians might not be car
ried into captivity, but they would have to
"get up and git" beyond doubt
In pursuing inquiries on this subject yes
terday a CALL reporter unearthed some
facts and figures which are extremely con-
yincing in their way and absolutely unas-
salable.
These figures show that, outside Of the
native element. which Is rapidly disappear
ing, and the half-caste element, of which 90
per cent dies out before attaining the age OF
% years, the population of the Hawaiian
Islands is chiefly made up OF Chinese, jap
anese and Portuguese. Most of the last
named are the relatives or descendants or
survivors OF a large importation from the
Azores 20 years ago. At that time POrtu-
guese labor was the cheapest obtalnable.
But while the social status and Caucasian
independence OF these immigrants was quite
low, there remained enough OF ambition and
enterprise to prompt those who stayed to
bid for higher wages and go into business
on their own account. Since then there has
been steady exodus of Portuguese from
the Hawaiian group, and total cessation
of Portuguese immigration. Seventy-hve
per cent of those who left the islands came
to California.
The British, French and German element
has never cut any figure in Hawaiian labor
statistics, and it need hardly be said that
very few Americans have been found will
ing to compete with Mongolian labor on
Monaghan terms. There are probably not
more than 600 Americans in the Hawaiian
group, and few or none of these are en-
gagged in manual labor.
The planters took in the situation in 1887,
and began to seek legislation looking to the
removal OF the restrictions on MODgOllan
immigration. Encouraged by favorable
action on the part of the Hawaiian Govern
Japan. with the result that about 1000 jap
aneSe and 5000 Chinese swarmed into the
Islands.
The latest phase OF the problem, and that
most directly connected with the Chinese
question, is that the japanese are taking
the same view as the Portuguese and are
leaving the Islands for California.
The growth Of The Chinese element in
Hawaii may be seen from the following
abstract from tables compiled by the Ha-
waiian Government up TO the end of
the year 1890. when the relaxation
Of the restrictions on Chinese immigration
had taken full effect. In 1866 there were
1906 Chinese and 81, l25 natives on the
group. In 1872 the Chinese numbered 1888
and the natives 40 044. In 1878 the Chinese
had increased 10 59l6, while the natives had
diminished TO 44,0S8. In 1884 the Chinese
10 hn h
dWindled down to 1904. In 1890 there
were only 81, 436 natives on the islands.
while the proportion of Chinese showed the
same rate OF Increase. This in Tease was
not, and is not now, the result of a natural
process of birth. but solely due to immigra-
tion. The proportion Of Chinese females on
the Islands is so small as to appear lndicrous
in statistics OF population. A classification
shows that out of 1868 Chinese labOrerS only
GA had wives or female companions. Out
OF 1879 Chinese farmers only u were bene-
diets. OF the better class OF MOngolans 224
males and two females own real estate.
The Japanese make somewhat better
showing in the lab0rlng population, from
moral standpoint, with 956j males and 1904
females. In the beginning Of 1891, before
the Portuguese began to leave the islands,
there were 1858 male Portuguese laborers,
Of whom 2443 were married.
These figures speak for themselves The
native population is dying out so fast that
the end of the century may witness its ex-
tlnction in the presence Of the increasing
tidal wave Of Chinese depravity. There is
nOhybrid in nature so shortlived and sterile
as the progeny of the Chinese and the ma
tive Hawaiians.
Fortunately for the islanders the Mongo-
lians are not allowed TO vote. The registra-
ton lists show that the regular voters on
the Islands include 637 Americans, sos
British, S777 natives, III half castles, 3S2
Germans, % French and 2091 Portuguese
There is no ground" said Consul Nc
Kinley, FOR any belief in the probability of
the United States annexing the Hawaiian
Islands. We do not want annexation and
the Islanders do not want It, The time is
not ripe for any serious discussion Of the
question"
A gentleman who requested that his
name might not be mentioned. but who is
well acquainted with Hawaiian affairs,
summed up the situation in this way
'The whole and only basis for this cry of
annexation is the opposition of the planters
to the Mckinley bill. They want to get
the TWO cents duty on sugar, that is ALL