The morning call., 1892-09-11
THE CALL QUERY COLUMN
The Tariff Shows al Increase
in Wage Rates.
REYIVALIST HILLS CAREER.
Stevenson for the Union During the War.
Desiceation Of Fruit-Crsoles and
Who They are.

a QUESTION OF WAGEs-C. ii. d., City.
There are DO data at hand to answer your
question, whether or not in California since
the Mckinley tariff bill has been in opera
ton the wages Of mechanics, artisans and
laborers in the thirteen industries specified
by yeu have materially decreased or in
creased The very scope and immensely OF
the problem would discourage the investi-
gator at the very threshold. Indeed, the
Labor Bureau, with all the means at its
command and the law to facilitate its Off
cial inquiry, could not pretend to give
satisfactory reply 10 your question without
first having devoted much time in the
inquiry. But germane to the subject matter
OF your inquiry comes the annual report OF
Commissioner Charles 4. Peck Of the New
York Bureau of Labor Statistics, with
figures demonstrating that OF the sixty
eight Industries included, IS per cent show an
increased average yearly earning for 1871,
while the total average increase of yearly
earnings OF the 2S5, 600 employees was S23 il.
The average increase Of yearly earnings of
the employees in the iftv-one trades show an
increase of S43 90 in 1891. as compared with
1890 The period covered by the investigation
included the year Immediately prior TO the
wear Immediately following its becoming
law. It was not the purpose nor is it pre-
tended that the data and statistics present.
ed represent any but purely wholesale
manufacturing establishments. To have
undertaken TO cover the retail and custom
manufacturing establishments Of the State
would have been physical and financial
impOssIbiiity. The report declares, how
ever. that within the borders of the State
Of New York are found by far the greatest
number of manufacturing establishments,
the most varied industries and the largest
number Of individual employees and wage
earners Of any of the forty-four common
weallhs embraced in the United States,
$50 that whatever the statistical data col
lected and tabulated may prove relative TO
the effects of protection on labor and wages
in New York may justly be taken as fairly
representative Of the conditions throughout
the whole country"
EVAPORATION OF FRUIT-O. 6. T., Ba-
tayia. Cal The process of drying fruit is
simple enough. 1t can be performed by a
hot and dry sun, assisted by warm nights
as in the counties of the San Joaquin and
Sacramento valleys. The fruit is laid out
in trays, exposed to the sun, and within two
weeks the work is done, care being observed
in the meanwhile to turn the split and
pitted fruit. that 1t may be thoroughly
desiccated. Where the sun is net SO kindly
disposed, as is the case in the counties along
the coast, evapOrators are called to the as
sstance of nature The term "evaporated"
has been accepted in the markets for fruit
deslccated by artificial heat Such eYapo-
rated fruit, having dried rapidly, has not
had time 10 become changed, and partly
s0ured, but being dried in the dark. remains
white instead of turning brown. as when
n In nd hau ha inn. ant
advantage Of freedom from dust and the
s0iing by insects, birds or barnyard fowl.
An authority on fruIt-dTying has re-
marked that Drying In the sun is recon-
meHded as lar as orchardlsts can, and finish
ing up the sun-dried fruit by passing il
through an evaporation. In this way the
capacity OF an evaporation of moderate di-
mansions would he sufficient TO take care of
p large quantity OF fruit When the fruit
Is dried, # the proper care be exer-
cisPd. Ii IS then passed over sulphur fumes,
which bleaChes il, giving il a color which
Is closely akin 10 that which the fruit had
when picked, and renders it when packed
lar more secure from the attacks of
worms. 1t detracts not in the least from the
favor. and almost doubles the price," 1t
may also be added that in some localities
tie fruit IS subjected TO the sulpbuTing
process in a closed chamber well before it is
exposed 10 the sun to dry.
ADLAI E. STEvENsoN-C. B., Loriu, Cal.
One Of the things said OF Adlai Z. Steven
son. the Democratic candidate for Vice
President, is that he was drafted for the
war, but furnished a substitute The title
OF general" which is sometimes prefixed
10 his name, does not come from any mill
tary service, but from the fact that in Aug
uSt, 1885, he was rendered and accepted the
Office OF First Assistant Postmaster-General
under Postmaster General Villas. IL is not
possible, In view Of his welEknOWn history,
that he could have been a member of the
Knights Of the Golden Circle, an organiZa-
ton also known as the American Knights.
II had existed in the South before the Civil
War, composed Of men opposed to the
North and anxious for separation. About
1862 THIS organization took root in
the West with the principal object
10 hinder the draft of soldiers The
organization flourshed under various
names and in Illinois branches were known
as 'lllini," Peace Organization" and
Democratic Invineible Club" The fact
Is, on the contrary, said 10 be that during
the war Stevenson was strong Union man
and that, as well known, he did not par
uclpate personally, yet did much work in
The raising of troops in Woodford County,
H., assisted In organizing the One Hundred
and Eighth Illinois Regiment, the colonel
OF which, John Warner, now Mayor of
Peoria, was then and is now strong per-
s0nal friend Of Stevenson, and the lieuten-
ant-cOlOnel the Sheriff of the county. Two
companies were raised in the county.
CREoLEs-A. o. S, City. The word
creole is believed to be a negro corruption
Of the Spanish word criollo. but at any rate
it has been adopted in the language and has
several meanings. So far as the West In
dies and Spanish America are concerned
the word described originally native de-
scended from European ancestors and
properly Spanish as distinguished from i'm
migrants Of European blood and from the
aborignes, negroes and natives of mixed
Indian and European or European and
negro blood. Loosely speaking, the word
came TO mean any person irrespective of
color born in the country but Of race not
indigenous TO it So again in Louisiana the
term referred originally to a native
descended from French ancestry and set
tied there, and later any native Of French
or Spanish descent By either parent, or a
person belonging 10 the French speaking
native portion Of the white race. Again in
louisiana creole included a native born
negro as distinguished from one brought
from Africa. The Q. c. has never seen the
word applied TO the Indians Of Alaska,
though II could be with propTiety and with
the broadened meaning of the word in in
Guiding the native of mixed blood as dis
flnguished from the aborigine.
AGAINST PLAYING BALL-A. E. H.,
City. The municipal ordinance forbids the
playing at or participating in any game of
ball In any Of the public streets or in any
unOccupied or vacant lot without the writ