The sun., 1892-03-06
SOME .NIT hooks.
Ss;,rcn Eiizabet!t.

Gaccn Elizabeth.
Sors OF her contemporaries would have
questioned the rropricty OF including Queen
Elizabeth in the T,rsirc English Sto.esa,en se-
rics. Among historians there has been some
doabs regarding the extent to which she
should be personally credited with the distinc-
tion and prosperity acquired b. England dur
ing her loag reign. Tho weight OF opinion.
however. hus boon decidedly In her invcr. and
Mr.. EowAP:, SrrNCER BBEsLy. the author Of
the short life. published recently by
I'll, Mach,illans, rnngos himself among g
h"r euioeists. although not withou.
discrimination. Ne hns proflted by the light
cast during the last genoration on the reign of
tho last fs6or not only by historical narrn-
tives. but also BY the publication Of State
papers from the English and French archives.
One may get from this biography q distinct
idea of the Queens personality. and the contra
VOL Ted nuestions raised by her relations TO Tor
eign powere and to her Catholic end Puritan
subjects are discussed with fairness. tho arxn
m"uts on both sides being set FORTH
Elizabeth was born on Sept. @. 153a Tie
fu,t is sometimes overlooked that her mother.
Ammo Boleyr was niece OF the third Duke OF
Norfolk and first cousin Of Queen Catherine
Elizabeth was two years and eight months old
when her mother was put to death. and she
herself was declared illeSitimate by net OF Par
Lament. There 10 no evidence that in after
years sac oppressed any opinion about her
mother or evnr mentioned her nnmo. but she
may have Indirectly shown her belief in Anne's
innucencs hy raising the son OF her mothers
alleged paramour to the peerage. 1t is GER
tain that she novor took any stops to
s.~AA 1~I Nae
this was practically annulled BY tho power
given by Parliament to Henry VIII In 1876 to
settle the succession Sy his will. and by the
sct passed in 1914, rlacine Mnry and Eliza.
bath next in order OF succession after their
brother Edward. I. is noteworthy that by his
will. made Il rcw days befor. his death. Henry
VII. repeated tho provisions Of the act of
1914. hut went on to plaes next 70 Elizabeth
the daughters OF his younger sister. tho
Duchess ot Safyo'k. tacitly passing over his
eldest sister. tha Queen OF Scotland. from
whorl Mary stuart derived her claim to the
English crown.
During A.r fathers lfe Elizabeth lived
chiefly at Hatfield will, hcr brother Edward
under q g0reruess. After tho dcnth OF Henry
VIlI (JnnUary. 1877. Elizabeth. then a Girl Of
thirteen. went to reside with tho Queen Dow
agcr Catherine Catherine Parr). who had not
bccn many weeks n widow before she married
Ecr Old lover. Thomas Seymour. the Lord Adj
miral brother of tho Protector Somerset.
The rbmping that soon went on between thi;
mun aud Elizabeth was OF such nature that
enrly In the next year Catherine found itpeces-
sary to sond tho young girl away. In August.
154s. Catherine died. and tho Admiral
at oEco formed the project cf marrying
Elizabeth, n purpose which. with other ambi-
tious designs. brought him to the scaffold.
Thoro is no doubt that Elizabeth listened to
his messages and dropped remarks OF an en-
ccurnsing character. but there is no proof TINT
she ever saw him after he became q widower
or that she really cared for him. When she
heard o: the Admirars execution shc simply
said. This day died q man with much wit
and very little judgment" For some
time after this scandal she was somo-
what under cloud. She lived at her
manor houses OF AshridQc. Enfield. and
]intAold. pursuing her studies under the cole
b!;..od scholar. Ascham. who was also. it will
be remembered. the tutor OF Lady Jane Grey.
Alter her brother Edwards death she remained
carefully neutra! during tho short aueenship
O; Jane. yet during tho early part Of Mary's
reign her life hung by n thread. Notwithstaud-
Ing the extreme prudence Of her conduct. she
cDuli not escaie suspicion. for Wyatt's insur
rc,.,ion was nade avowedly in her favor.
Etnar.I. the Spanish Ambassador. demanded
tl,o execution OF Elizabeth Us the condition Of
tn Spanish match. and Mary did her best to
satisfy him. But Mary had by mo means in
hrritcd hor fathers power. The Lords Of the
Council! opposed her: Parliament refused to
authorize her to nominate a successor. and
tiuuiiy .he Judges declared that there was no
evidrnne to convict Elizabeth. All that the Queen
could do wns to send her sister to Woodstock
aud keep hcr there for o time under guard
after wliicl. Elizabeth was permitted to live ut
trf ll I'm do ha survaill Of Sir Thomas
Pope. During the rest OF Mary's reign she
esrareI r,olestatlon by outward conformity to
the Catholic rolgion and by carefully refrain-
ing from taking any part In politics.
Mr.. BecsIy concurs In the opinion OF the ma
j"rty Of recent historians that when Elizabeth
WIS crowned. on Nov Ii. 1853. by the Catholic
Bishop Of Carlisle. the return OF England TO
communion with the Catholic Church. and the
recognition Of tho Poro'as Its head. was satis-
factory to throc- fourths perhaps to five -sixths.
OF the nation and to IL still larger proportion Of
its riost influential class. Why. then. did not
Elizabeth remain n Catholic? The author OF
this biography disIisscs rs unfounded the
story that the now Queen was infiuencedir her
attitude toward Rome by m arrogant reply
from Popo Paul w. her official notification OF
irr accession. No reply whatever was ro-
ceivcd. for tho reason that no notification was
cent to tho Pope. Neither is there any evidence
TINT she was n reluctant agent Ia tho adoption
Of Professionalism IN 1859. Thore was no one
to cocrco hnr. for the Protestants were Tar too
weak to SGT Up n competitor. All that Eliza
beth cared much about. apparently. WAS
the resumption Of the full ecclesiastical su-
Iremacy which her father had annexed to tho
crown. She beloved that tho only way to
assure this was to mako the breach with the
Old religion complete. She desired n position
FREQ from all ambiguity and possibility OF dis
ru'c. not one which would have to be de-
tended with constant vigilance and at the cost
Of successive bickering. She saw that II sha
'roSc with Catholicism she would be sure Of
tho ardent and unwavering support OF one