The Corvallis gazette. [volume] (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899, 1892-02-12

Justice nave uSeu every means aL tielI
command to intercept this immigration,
but the impossibility of effectiveiv
guarding our extended frontiers is ap-
parent. The Dominion government col
lects tax of $50 from ev ry Ch.naman
entering Canada, and thus derive con-
siderable revenue from those who only
use its ports to reach the position OF ad-
vantage to evade our exclusion laws.
1t seems to be satisfactory evidence
that the business of passing Cinnamon
through Canada to tire United States is
organized and quietly done. Justice has
construed the laws to require the return
of any Cinnamon found to be unawtully
in this country to China as the country
from which they came, notwii hstanding
the fact that he came by way OF Canada;
but the district courts have in cases
brought before them overruled this view
of the law and decided that sucn per
sons must be returned to Canada. This
construction robs the law of all effective
ness if the DEGREES could be executed.
for the men returned can the next day
recross our borders. But the only APP
preparation made is for sending them
back to China, and the Canadian Off
ciaIs refuse to allow them to re-enter
Canada without the payment of the $5 J
per head tax. | recommend such legIs-
lation as will remedy these defects in
the laws.
Reform School for Girls.
The act of July 9, 1888, provided for
the incorporation and management OF
reform school for girls in the District OF
Colum bia, but it has remained inopera-
tive, for the reason that no appropria-
ton has been made for construction or
maintenance. The need of such an in
stitution is urgent. Many girls could
be saved from depraved lives by the
wholesome influences and restraints of
such a school. | recommend that the
necessary appropriation be made for a
site and for construction.
Killing of Court Officers.
In a previous message have called
the attention of congress to the neces-
sity of so extending the jurisdiction of
the United St,tes courts as to make jur
sdiction therein any felony committed
while in the act of violating a law OF the
United States. These courts cannot
have the independence and efftctivent SIS
which the constitution contenlplates,
so long as the feloneous killing of high
court officers, jurors and witnesses in
the discharge of their duties, or by
reason of their acts as such is only recog
nlZable In the state courts.
Court of Land Claims.
The Judges of the court of private land
claims provided for by he act of MarcI;
3, 81. have been appointed and the
court organized and it is now posi- lie tu
give early atten'io to communities
long deprive of their development by
unsettled titles. and to establish the
possession and right of the settler whose
l. i l.
adverse and unfounded claims.
The Postal Department..
In the report of the postmaster gen
erai some very gratifying results are ex-
hib:tcd and many betterments of the
service suggested. A peru=al OF the re
port gives abundant evidence that the
supervision and direction of the postal
system have been characterized by an
intelligent and conscientious desire to
improve the service. The revenues of
he department show an increase OF
$4,000, 600, while the estimate for the
wear 1898 shows surplus of receipts
over expenditures. Ocean mail post,
offices have been esta blished upon the
steamers of the North German, Lloyd and
Hamburg lines, saving by the distribu-
ton on shipboard from two to fourteen
hours time in the delivery of mail at
the port of entry. and often much more
than this in the delivery at interior
olaces. So thoroughly has this system
been initiated by Germany, and the
United States evinced it's usefulness,
aat it cannot be long before it is in
tailed upon the great ocean mail-carry-
pg steamships. Eight thousand miles
If new postal service has been estab-
ished upon railroads. The car distribu-
ion TO sub stations in the great cities
has been increased about p per cent.
while the percentage of errors in dlstrl-
ution has during the past year been
reduced over nne-half
An appropriation was given by the
asst congress for the purpose of making
some experiments in free delivery in the
mailer cities and towns. The results
+ these experiments have been so sat
afactory that the postmaster genera
ecommends, and / concur in the rec
Immendation, that the free-deliver>
Svstem be at once extended to towns O
700 popula alton. His discussion of thu
inadequate facilities extended under
our present system to rural communi
ties and his suggestions with a view to
give these communities a fuller partici
pttion in the benefits of the postal ser
vice are worthy your careful considera-
ton. 1t is not just that the farmer
who receives his mail at the
neighboring town should not only be
compelled to send to the postoffice for
it, but pay considerable rent Tor box
in which to place it or wait his time at
general delivery window while the
city resident has his mail brought to
his door. 1t is stated that over 54,n0
neigh borhoods are under the present
system receiving mail at postoffices
where money orders and postal note>
are not iEsned. The extension of this
ystem to these commun ties is especi-
ally desirable. as the patrons of such
offices are not possessed of the other
facilities offered in more populous com
munities Tor the transmission OF small
sums of money. | have, in message
to the preceding congress, expressed my
views as to modified use OF the tele-
graph in connection with the states in
view.
In pursuance of the mail law of March
81, 1891 and after most careful study
of the whole subject, and frequent con-
ferences with ship officers, advertise
me nts were issued bv the postmaster for