The record-union., 1892-11-02


lng'S milk is then added and as much of
the evenings milk is heated up to $50 de-
grees by floating the pans on boiler of
hot water as will raise the whole OF the
milk TO 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The
annatto Is now used, being well stirred
In, the rennet added, enough being used
TO produce curd ready to cut in about
an hour. The curd is then broken or
cut 10 the size of small peas. The devel-
opment OF acid is prevented as far as pos
slDIe by scattering few handfuls OF salt
on the curd during the breaking-down
process, and by drawing the whey just as
soon as il can DO done.
As soon as the whey is removed, racks
are placed in one end of the vat the curd
is cut INTO cubes and lifted on them, when
II is turned every fifteen or twenty min
utes. In three-quarters of an hour it is
weighed, broken up by the hands and
salted III the proportion of eight to nine
ounces to twenty pounds of curd; it is
tnen allowed to stand with light weight
on 1t for about an hour longer; it is then
passed through the curd-mill, filled into
Vats OF convenient size, lined with
cheese-cloth, and carried to the cheese
oven where a fifty-pound weight is put
upon It, Small, skewer-llke sticks are in
serted through holes in the sides of the
vat, and every now and then withdrawn
to facilitate the drainage of the whey.
Inc next morning ii Is put under press.
For several successive mornings it is
turned into new cloth and more press
ure is applied. In four or five days it
ceases TO drip and is then taken to the
curlng-room. 1t is turned daily for the
hrst week, and then every other day for
month, then twice week until it gets
firm and well set, when once week
suttices until sold.
WILLIAM r. LAZENBY.
Cheshire, England.
In our next issue we will publish an
other article from the same gentleman,
describing the process of making cheese
IN Stllton-Cheshire, England.l
STARVATION OF ORCHARDS.
Orchard land is compelled to bear
crop of fruit every year, while an occa-
slonal crop OF grass, corn, potatoes or rye
is also sometimes taken, with but little
manure added. There are orchards in
this State that have borne crops OF apples
Tor twenty years, yet no attention has
been bestowed upon the trees as a source
from which valuable crops are obtained,
but OF recent years the trees in some or
chards appear subject to disease, while
the fruit IS knotty or imperfect.
Ii any one will take the pains to dig up
the orchard, or portions of it, for the
purposes OF discovery, he Will find that
The roots OF the trees extend out far be-
yond the limits Of the most prominent
branches, and that the rootlets are seek
ing every square inch of the soil in search
OF food. When the orchard is made to
grow crop OF corn there is competition
Tor food between the trees and the corn,
and in some cases, as with peach or
chardS, the corn roots secure the larger
proportion, so retarClng the growth OF the
peach trees as to dwarf them for two or
tree years, If not wholly destroying them.
Although an apple Is composed largely OF
Tlt hs.r
production of annual new wood and the
seeds Of the apples compel the trees TO
seek an amount Of mineral matter which
IS sometimes enormous if the growt til Of
the tree and the production of fruit has
been above the average.
That the roots of apple trees are gross
feeders, and that the trees demand plant
food in the shape OF manure or fertilizers,
may be easily demonstrated
till row with manure, the row to be
plOwed deeply, about rod from a row of
apple trees. now fill another row with
manure, the second row being two rods
or more from the trees. Plant both rows
with corn. The corn plants in the first
row nearest the trees will make but little
growth compared with the corn plants in
the second row, as the roots of the trees
viii compete with those of the nearest
corn plants, thus showing that the trees
demand plant food, and seek it readily
from the most available source.
Overproduction of wood is a tax on
trees. Instead of trimming tree by saw
ing off the limbs, the branches should be
cut back from the ends, and the surplus
shoots cut out A tree may be greatly
curtailed of wood without marring its
symmetry, or by cutting Off large limbs.
the loss of wood leSSening the number OF
branches and shoots to iced. If the farmer
then has the courage to thin cut the young
frltit Cprintr fbUc a.
amount of work to be done by the trees
and also manure or fertilize the orchard
with the use of the cuitiVator sufficiently
to give the trees the best chance at the
soil, he will secure larger crop of fruit,
and of better quality than before, the
leaves having IL deeper hue, and the or
chard will bear for many years longer
An orchard should not be compelled to
produce any crop that is detrimental to
the trees.
WORKED TO DEATH.
A farmer prided himself upon the
strength OF an iron constitution. and
treated with contempt precautions that
weaker men were compelled to take.
While perspiring from work in the hav-
field, ne would throw himself on the
ground in the shade and go to sleep. Soon
that strong man was "A physical wreck,
and the few years of his after life We're
years OF great suffering. A young man.
by break of day he would be in the field.
trying to do as much work as he could be-
fore breakfast. All day it was incessant
work, leaving otf duty when compelled
by darkness, and doing chores by lam
tern light. For years he labored like
slave with his hands, but there was little
brain work in it. He never got rich in
this way, and for all the hard-earned dol
lars he could scrape together, there was
offset OF mental poverty. Long before he
old hn haI tSNvnrl-aI 81,
to death" Cui bono? When the grip
prevailed, about year ago, he fell an un-
resisting victim.-Rural Home.
HOW TO MAKE A PIG PEN,
A wet pig-pen in winter is difficulty
which many farmers dread, and there is
a loss in weight of the pigs when the pen
is not dry. Make a strong floor of poles
and have the floor raised foot or two
above the level of the ground surface
Upon the poles put a foot or two of straw
and leaves, adding more leaves to the
litter daily. In short time the litter
will be well packed down on the poles,
making an excellent pen, which will be
always dry, as the space between the
poles of the floor will permit the water
from rains TO flow through.
BEEF CATTLE IN THE FUTURE.
Civilization and settlement will sooner
or later drive the large herds of cattle off
the ranges. ana our future beef supply
must be produced on the farms. The
business of raising beef cattle will pay
any farmer who will use the beef-produc-
ing breeds. The greatest blow ever given
the farmers was when the cattlemeu on
the plains began to improve with pure
bred bulls, for they could then put better
beef on The market than could the
farmer. Cattle have paid well in the
East whom choice steers were made
speciality.
ARTIFICIAL FOOD FOR BEES.