davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
Pohtatuck's Jubilee.

POhtatuck grange was Royalty enter
tanned, Suesday night, by Il literary pro-
gram furnished by Worthy Master j. Ii
Brakeman and patrons of Housatonic
grange, Stratford. There were 20 visit
ors from Housatonic and four from Har-
mony grange, Monroe. A bountiful and
toothsome spread was made by the ladies,
" no had decorated the hall in fine shape,
after which came the literary feast, with
Lecturer F. E. Brakeman at the helm.
j. II. Brakeman, the faithful hearted and
beloved deputy, made an address; his
daughter, Miss Grace, gave recitation
from Whittier; John E. Holmes sang
"Rocked in the Cradle of the Deep 5.
l.. Patterson contributed IA paper on
''Bees and Bee Culture;" Mrs Avery "a
side splitting toboggan tale; Gideon NJ.
Wakeley anecdotes of Bishop Williams !;
a male quartet, j. II. Brakeman, j. E.
Holmes, Il. G. Beard, G. w. Blakeslee,
sang ''The Old Brown Homestead ;" X.
w. Curtis spoke of the charm of the lee
turer's hour and made strong plea for
the birds so ruthlessly killed to adorn la
dies b0nnets; L. G. Beard gave a hu-
morous reading; Mrs j. II. Brakeman
read IA paper giving charming lessons
from the Flowers S. C. Lewis, assist
ant steward of the State grange, spoke of
the educational and social features of the
grange; Lecturer f. f. Brakeman recited
the Grafton of Brutus and Joseph Curtis
gave with great power Mare Anthony's
Grafton on dead Caesar. Robert Sinclair
of Monroe sang Il solo sweetly. Mrs Il.
S. Peck and Mrs Il. II. Smith contributed
to the literary entertainment and Worthy
Master L. ). Peck, whose zeal and wit
oadi;iiir6e all hearts, proposed number of
cenfion = sne ecf grange, for whose re-
will be held, Wednesday, u . o'i'"'uoA
Dea and Mrs Henry Fairchild and Ii s'N'
Peck, members of the old Hawleyville
grange, renewed their obligations, Tues
day night. 1t was red letter occasion
for Pohtatuck.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Newtown people, when in Bridgeport.
should not fail to visit John NJ. Dara-
gan's new boot and shoe store, 4l6 Main
street. They will find every article on
sale that is kept by first rate house.
His stock being entirely new, it must
necessarily be composed of new goods
of the latest styles and, as Mr. Daragan
is man who has had years of expert
ence in the retail boot and shoe business,
his assortment and collection of foot
wear undoubtedly is the product OF the
best manufactures in the country. Wis
itors entering his store can readily see
that he has located his business to stay
and he means, in a short time, to have
reputation AS dealer that he now enjoys
as shoe man, which is second to none.
Prices, in every instance, are the lowest
and his store is place where you will
receive attention and satisfaction is guar
anteed. Our readers should not fail to
give him a call.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
Obscene Drawings, Rotten Eggs and
Red Ink.

These are the things lately visited upon
the front door of the Methodist meeting
house. The penalty of the law indicates
what public opinion thinks OF such
crimes. Three hundred dollars and II
months in Jail, or both, for the first part.
There is no doubt that the general pub
lie would be gratified by the application
of the penalty, promptly and in full
Every law-abiding and self-respecting
citizen can but deplore that there is any
body In the community who is lawless
and depraved enough TO perpetrate such
deeds. Whatever the provocation to per-
sonal enmity, there is no excuse for the
dissertation of any place Of divine wor'
ship in this land of liberty; and such
means of personal revenge must be taken
az an indication of dangerous character
Every right minded person must feel thai
such doings not only outrage the morals
and manners of the public, but endangei
the good name and material prosperity OF
the place. 1t is very hard for any on'
who wishes everybody well to imagine
state of mind and heart which can find
satisfaction in such deeds of darkness
10. o. Wright,
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Denmark has an old age pension sys-
tenn in actual operation. Under the law,
every person 60 years old has right to
IA pension if in poverty, unless property
has fraudulently been conveyed to rela-
tivea, or town relief has been given With
in the previous ten years, or unless dissi-
patton or waste are shown to be the
cause of poverty. The sum to be paid Is
determined by the parish and half the
cost is paid by the general government
Ex-convicts are exempted from the ben
eft Of the law.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
Grand Excursion to New Haven.

Putnam council, knights of Newtown
and Housatonic council of New Milford
have made arrangements with the Hous-
atomic railroad for a grand joint eXcur-
sion to New Haven, next Tuesday, Octo-
Der IL, the occasion of the Colun bus
celebration in that beautiful city. y
special train will leave NewtoWn at 30
a NJ, arriving in Botsford at 40 and in
New Haven about 8 30. Fare for the
round trip only 81. Returning, the
train leaves New Haven at 6 p III, arrv-
ing in NewtoWn about Z o'clock. st.
Rose drum corps will accompany the eX-
cursion and participate i'll the celebra-
ton. DR. Maher, private secretary OF
Bishop Mcmahon, will be the orator OF
the day. Tickets may be had at the
Newtown station on the morning of the
excursion or from any of the following
gentlemen, who are the regularly APP
pointed committee from Putnam council
Senator Houlihan, Frank McGran and
John f. Houlihan.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
The Harvest Home.

Nearly every seat was filled at St.
Johns church, Tuesday evening, on the
occasion of the second Harvest Home SER
vice and the congregation WAS made up
of the various Christian bodies from diff
ferent parts OF the. town and from over
the river. There was marked Increase
of interest in the festival, this year, as
compared with last. The decorations
were finer, if not more abundant. They
were principally ia the chancel and con-
sisted of fruits and flowers, bread and
honey, grapes, wine, olive oil, corn, APP
Piles of different colors, ounces, rye in
sheaf, palms aud Autumn leaves. The
choir platform was laden with squashes,
pumpkins, potatoes and other produce
and ornamented with set pieces OF cut
flowers on stands. One of the most beau
tiful things was the cross of dahlias ar
ranged by Dea Warren Mitchell. The
whole church was more or less decorated
with flowers and leaves.
The service, which was largely choral.
began with voluntary by organ and or
chestra, 1.-The Lord is My Strength, No
vello. About 20 boys aud girls marched
in professional from the robDg room
singing the harvest hymn Of praise. The
service was read by the rector and Rev
q. Il. Linslcy OF Trinity, who preached
an excellent sermon appropriate TO TIT
occasion.
The form Of service was evening short
ened by beginning at the Lords Prayer
with special lessons and the Thanksgiv
. ing collects. The ofiertory, which
amounted to SIG 10, will be distributed
with fruits, flowers and produce, TO thos
who may need the same in the parish
: The service ended with Il reeessiona
, hymn and the .sGloria In Excelsis'' frot
Haydn's first mass by the organ and o.
i chesJra,
: Good words from the people pIese
: were spoken Tor Sc. John's orchestra an
: the organist, Miss Mary ). Warner, wa
: especially compiinenJed for the success
/ full work OF the evening.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

At the old homestead in Lake George
on Friday, September 30, widow of the
late james Turner, aged 70. Mrs Turn
er leaves daughter, Mrs r. G. Randall
of Bridgewater and a son Joseph, who
lived In the home with his mother. Mrs
Turner died of dropsey, after lingering
and distressing sickness. Rev Mr. Lins-
ley ofliciated at the house on Sunday at
, p m. Bearers: William 4. Hawley,
Amos l.. IIawley, Robert A. Clark, John
X. Smith. Interment at Lands End.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
Henry Mcnamara.

The Danbury News of October con-
tanned this obituary notice of the late
Henry Mcnamara, son of Simon and
Margaret Bradley Mcnamara, residing
at Brook field, all of whom are well and
favorably known in this town, where
large number of relatives live: IA
number went from this city to Brookfield
Henry Mcnamara of this city, who died
on Saturday of peritonitis, aged 81 years.
He was young man who learned the
butcher trade in Brookfield some 10 years
ago with Richard Meaney, now of this
city. For eight years, he has been in the
employ of Thomas Henebry and all who
knew him esteemed his genial and hon
est manners and dealings. On Tuesday,
he came home from his route, went to
bed and rapidly failed from that date, al
though competent medical aid was call
ed in. 1t is supposed that an abscess in
the abdomen broke and caused the dis
ease from which he died.
He was to be married, the last of this
month, to an estimable Newtown girl
whom he has visited for ii number of
years. He made will leaving the most
of his money to his parents and hand
some sum to his intended
After death, Undertaken Delury remov
ed the remains, Saturday, to the home OF
his parents at Brookfield (Iron Works.
from whence the funeral took place
| Monday, to St. Rose church in this town
where IA solemn high mass of requiem
was offered for the eternal repose of thu
soul of deceased; thence to the Glen cen
etery for interinent. The funeral pro
cession was very large. The floral OF
ferings We're appropriate in design, TIN
chief set pieces being lutte, with legend
aDear Cousin. from w. j. Brew and Nj
J. Bradley; standing cross and crown
ssDear Friend and broken column, "a
Rest from Mary A, Lllis; lutte froi
deceased's employer, Thomas F. tIene
bry, Danbury; cross from Misses Cal
vey, cousins and numerous bouquet
from friends in Danbury, Norwalk an
Newtown. The bearers were M.
Bradley, w. j. Brew, Richard and ST.
phen Mcnamara of this town and job
Mcnamara Of Danbury.
The deceased was only 30 years and
few months old at his death. Beside
, his parents, an aged couple, several 81
tiers and one brother survive. The d
ceased was veritahle staff for his pa
!, ents to lean upon since arriving at ma
hood and it is matter OF consolation
all their friends that their last days W
Z sbe made easy by his energy and for
!. thought while living. His epitaph
contained IA these words: He was
4 faithftH SON.
/ s.His faith -wasssimplf Dnty,-
Duty, Duty; aio ne ;ssa.
.@ls-.. This inscriptioni Is Craven
!. on the base OF the Fathers throne
~. Don't forget e. H. Hawles'ss bargain Ga
ssYs.xsY skMx9fAxsB s4fs44sA DFsSsst
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
BETHEL.

The vote, Monday, whether from lHe
fair or the greater election, next month,
was very light, only 2S3 ballots being
cast The Republicans had about 10 ma
jority.
Town clerk, Howard II. Woodman $50,
Gideon 5. Peck 102.
Selectmen, Arthur 5. Judd l75, Fred
erick E. Benedict l75, G.. M. Cole d lob,
Andrew j. Hallock 100.
Treasurer, William Ii. Judson III, Eli
w. Gilbert d 1903.
Treasurer of town deposit fund, Will
liam II. Judson 17S, Eli w. Gilbert l03.
Treasurer of Starr school fund, William
II. Judson 17s, Eli w. Gilbert d l03.
Constables, Oscar FL. Hubbard III,
Frank l.. Benedict ISL, Steven NJ. Burr
102, George w. Wheeler 1O2.
Grand jurors, John Williamson l7S,
Ammi Carter $50, Frank Agnew d lO3,
Patrick Wixted d 1902.
Assessors, Frederick Judd 1871, Freder-
lex B. Vail 1870, Gideon S. Peck d l0l,
Jerome r. Morgan 100.
Board of relief, William Ii. Judson l78,
Samuel S. Amber $50, Charles II. Ham
lin lO2, Henry Gilbert d l02.
/ Registrars of voters, Wexford E. An
drews l79, Leonard b. Judd 1903.
Auditors. Granville B. Andrews ITS,
| Leonard B. Judd lob.
School committee, Rev William Nor
rail- 179, Mervin A. Banks l75, Charles j.
Porter 1903, George NJ. Lyon 1903.
Agent of town deposit fund, Arthur s.
Judd III. Eli w. Gilbert d l03.
Town meeting adjourned until Mon
day, 10th, at o'clock.
Mrs F. Lubbock, who has visited hel
son-in-law, Henry Reaupaine, has return
ed to New York city.
Will Fox has opened grocery under
his boarding house; besides groceries h'
will keep confectionery, cigars, sodi
| water, pie and cake. Ed Farrell clerk
Edward Bailey of this place and Mis-
Gertrude Mcdonald of Danbury wer'
married at the home of the brides moth
er, 81 Spring street, Danbury. The Ger
emory was performed at 30, Wednes
day, September IS, Rev II. L. Slacl
officiating. Mr. and Mrs Bailey have tn
best wishes of many friends. The sam
afternoon at 4 30, Il. j. Dunlap and Mis-
> Ada Monroe were married at the res
' dence of MIR and Mrs Charles Camp
1 Pleasant street, Rev I'll. l.. Slack officia
E ting. Mr. and Mrs Dunlap have the bes
wishes of many friends in Bethel, wher
: Mr. Dunlap formerly resided. After
:, short wedding tour,t They will make the
: home in New Milford.
Wednesday, September %, was ga
: day for the Republicans OF Bethel, for Q
the evening Of that day the local clu
! raised large banner. They met at a
early hour at the club rooms after viii,
they marched TO where they we're
place the banner. The banner ws
stretched across from Dimond's block
] a tree across the road. A large bonfi
5. illumined the square while it was BEN
raised aud red fire was burned. Speec
es were made aud the Giee club SAL
several selections After the bann
was raised, the crowd adjourned to q
club rooms, where bountiful collati
~ was served and the time was pleasant
passed il speeches and social time.
: The Eureka's truck house has be
drapea in mourning on account Of 7
s. death Of one Of the charter nembe
Clifford Bassetr. who was buried, W.
q, nesday, September 2s.
shaefer & Carroll have dissolved pa
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

The teacher of drawing at the acad-
envy, Miss Bacon, is professional at her
work al d thoroughly typical teacher.
She has awakened much interest in the
study among the scholars and her work
and methods are highly spoken of. More
than ordinary interest is also manifest
among the pupils in the vocal music les
sons as given by Mrs c. S. Platt. Mrs
Platt is an old teacher and is AT home in
the school room and with music. All
the scholars, with one or two exceptions,
are taking advantage of these special
lessons in drawing and music.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

At the Columbus celebration at New
Haven, Tuesday, llth, bands will be con-
solidated under leadership of Professor
Clappe and the church chors under J.D.
Plunkett. The band music will have
cannon accompaniment. Notice the
knights of Columbus excursion.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

The jewelry firm of John Ii. Reid &
Co. are preparing for the holidays with
their usual handsome stock of goods and
purchasers will do well to give them a
call. Mr. Reid is thorough and practi-
cal watch maker, which, together with
the reputation the firm have acquired,
should assure them of the confidence of
the public. Their place of business is
$40 Main street, Bridgeport.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
Millinery Opening

An elegant assortment of trimmed hats
will be displayed in Edgar F. llawley's
window at his store on Main street.
Hats and bonnets in the latest city styles
and at the lowest prices. A lady will be
in attendance all day and during the
evening until in the evening, Monday,
10th.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

II. ii. Smith has for sale an old fash
Toned chest to pack wooden blankets away
broiler at less than 80 per cent. of their
cost; 3 old fashioned fiat irons, a few
dishes, including soup tureen, fruit dish,
wash bowls, etc, cheap; iron kettles.
Susie Smith has pair of ST. so skates,
No. 8 IL, new last Winter, that have
been used five times, for Zoe. Ernest
Smith will sell II pair of 81 skates, near
ly new, for soc. Rochester lamp for soc
One or two small looking glasses. Call
at the house.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

II. IL. smith has for sale ii feather bed,
price S.; black walnut center table, So :;
best hard wood kitchen table with draw,
81 so; pretty little chest of drawers suit
able for child's room for sale cheap;
double cot, husk mattress, with cotton
top and springs, for sale cheap; two ee-
dar tubs for 40 per cent. of their value.
Call at the house.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Miss Helen Beers, who has lead her
class in the advanced department at
Newtown academy for the past two
years, has been added to the teachers OF
the institution as class room assistant.
Her time will be divided between this
work and the continuance of her classi-
cal studies. This makes six instructors
in all in the academy at present.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

A. f. Cline of Cline & Pearson, Dull
nth, Min, real estate and loan agents, Is
East In the interest of the Webotuck In
vestment Co., in which he is interested.
lie made his old friend and neighbor, f..
$. Lowell, visit, last week. He reports
the city growing fast and business good.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
ROxBURY..

Mrs George Northrop Of Bridgeport
visits at q. II. HurlburL's.
Rev James Coad preached il the Meth
oaist church, Sunday.
Mrs Harmon Treat Of Blidgewater Wis
It's her daughter, strs Charles Sanford.
Howard Smith OF Sheffield, Mass, ana
family spent Sunday at W. Merwin's.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
nership. Mr. Carroll will continue the
! business at the old stand.

hefsnlp. Mr. Carroll Will continue the
business at the old stand.
Henry Beaupaine has large collec
ton of butterflies and bugs at the fair.
The Republican caucus, Friday night
re-nonlinaGed William Ii. Judson fol
Judge of probate Wednesday 18th, elected
delegates to senatorial convention: How
ard H. Woodman, Mervin A. Banks, Sam.
uel s. Amber, Charles Bailey.
The Lawn Tennis club have rented the
room over Lockwood's store in Shepard s
block for club room.
Married, in New York city, by Rev F.
G. Howell, Wednesday at ., Walter
Davies and Miss Margaret Livingstone
of this town. They will make their
home in Bethel. They have the best
wishes of many friends.
We are to have Swedish grocery
| store in Durant's new block run by two
of our young Swedes.
Origen Downs has resigned as clerk at
! Geer's market.
Wesleyan chapter, Epwortn League,
No 3449, will give its third annual din
ncr in the lecture room of the M. E..
church, Tuesday night, 18th.
The Band of Hope met, Sunday and
adjourned until next Sunday, when they
will meet in new quarters not yet decid-
ed upon.
The fire companies have accepted invi-
tations to participate in the tiremen's pa
rade at Stamford, 10Th.
The Democratic club have hung out IA
new transparency in front of their new
club room in Nichols block.
There seems to be quite a rivalry
among our BARRIERS as to who shall have
ago most attractive shop. Some time
in new tiltingQXed ntoa new shop, put
very attractive, then LeppGde his shop
town barber, treated his shop to AWn
coat of paint, made several additions anc
made his place very handsome barber
ladies' hair cutting, changed his cup cas-
form one side of the room to the other
added Il nice table and now Leppert ha
added handsome marble wash bowl.
Pews were sold in the Methods
church, Wednesday evening.
F. Smith & Son are preparing to pu
in hydraulic presses.
Mrs John Mcdowell died, Monday, a
her home on Chestnut street. She ha
ia lied fast the last few weeks. Mrs Nc
Dowell was G6. Her funeral was helt
at her late home, Wednesday Afternoon
at 2, Rev j. 7. Langlois officiating.
Daniel Griffen and Miss Katie Englisl
were united in marriage at ST. Mary
church, Wednesday morning at O'Clock
by Father O'Connell.
/ Most of our factories shut down
Thursday night, for the rest of the week
on account of the fair.
Mr. and Mrs Benjamin Beers of Easto
visit Mrs Charles Short and other friends
Saturday night the Standard Dramatic
= company completed hree-nights' ell
gagement in Nichols opera house. TIL
plays were not up to expectations an
were very SHINY attended; some of tn
: actors did fairly we'll, however. The
. were handicapped by the non arrival o
their music and then by the sickness o
. one of the leading characters. The
boarded at Fox's.
Rev j. T. Langlois went to Kin
Street, Conn, near Portchester, Tue:
r day, where he took part in the dedica'
! ion of a church in his former parish.
Sunday evening services now begin a
p 7 instead of z 30 and the different wee
a night services at 80 instead of Z 45.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
DANBURY.

The knights of Columbus opened a
fair at City hall. Wednesday night.
Majority for license, 1874.
The Shields Guards give entertain
.menta. every evening this week.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Rev William Brown ill preach in the
ME-. church, Sunday morning, evening.
Service at Aims house, ) p III, if weather
favOrs.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

special bargains IN mems and boys, unuer'
wear at 2ac. worth 4Qc and s5c worth oec u =,
Y. Hawgeysy- alargest stock OF gloves anu
,nittens In town, just In. we nave soi'ic spy
cIal bargains In this line.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07
Nature should be
ass listed to throw
Off impurities ofthe
blood. Nothin g
does it SO well, SO
| fly, or 50
/ safely IS Swift $
Il EDaaisses
LzEE zZ.Ap NO CHARMS.

For three years 7 was troubled with mala-
III ,,o;sor. wt,ic, caused my appetite to fail,
~, -, / was greatly reduced in flesh, and he
49, ali liz charms. / fried naereuriai and
.,eEash remedies, But to no effect. ! coula
astno relief. then decided to try RgsasS
a few bottles Of this wonderful EsssAa=zzs !
medicine made complete and permanent
cure, and now enjoy better health fha u esei'
/. A. RICE, Ottawa, Kan.
Chr book on Blood and Skin Diseases
mailed free. .4,.,,4a 10
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

David Human, Geneva, N. Y, Mrs b.
w. Latin, two children, Shelton and q.
5. Northrop, Hartford, are guests of
Philo Northrop.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

The Rubber Co. is still full of work in
all the departments and some of the de-
partments have to work over time even
in0S.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Annual meeting of the stockholders of
the Newtown academical association
will be held at the study of Rev George
Il. Linsley. Monday evening, 10Th, Z 30.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Frederick Sampson, general agent of
the Hartford Fire Insurance Co., was in
town, Thursday, to adjust the insurance
on j. j. Schermerhorn's barn.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

The Grand Lodge of the |. o. &. II. at
Norwich closed it's session, Thursday
night. Rev o. j. Range was reelected
grand chief templar.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

II. III. Smith has IA large refrigerator
and saw for sale cheap. Bonnie Smith
has croquet set and Ernest Smith low
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Middle Gate school has been closed
this week, owing to the illness of the
teacher, Miss Flora G.. Curtiss.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Edwin Butcher has monmoth pump
kin on exhibition at Caniield's market,
chat weighs 53 pounds.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Will Shultes, who works for G. +.
Beers, was married by Rev Mr. Delzell to
Miss Josephine Hattie of Cincinnati. They
begin housekeeping in Horace Northrop's
tenement.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Mrs William Allen from New Haven is
spending the week with her sister, Mrs
Crofutt.
- ~ |-.e,rling q Co., Bridgeport, lO7
,''''',.,, ,,a',., ii,iTAEnun building, the
l;ap t' aan,( lon nr;..,, on -; in Il posi-
pottery and glassware. Their extreni9-
ly low expenses enable them to offer
greater inducements than are usually to
be found in their line. They make a
speciality of American cut glass noted
for its brilliancy and deep cut; Haviland
& Co. Limoge china, used in the White
House at Washington; art pottery; brio
a-brac of the latest European importa
ton; Rochester central draft piano, ban.
quet and table lamps; novelties i'll Rog
ers & Bros silver plated ware, etc.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

NJ. c. IIawley, Esq, started for San
Francisco, Monday.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Mrs fuckers voice was welcomed
back in the choir, Sunday. She has
been absent for several weeks.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

Miss Lucy Blackman has returned
from her vacation in Passaic and else
where.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

There will be four floats at the Column
bus celebration at New Haven, Tuesday,
18th, representing Columbus at Isabel
las court, leaving Palos, landing among
the Indians and an allegorical tableau in
which the States and Territories sur
round a figure of Columbus. Arches
will be placed alone the line of march.
Notice the Knights of Columbus eXcuI-
sion.
The Newtown bee., 1892-10-07

AK Tor sg5 or ss5 card at r.. r Hawley's
which. when traded, put for. cash. viii entitlf
Won TO an elegant picture or beautiful SILVER
ware werti ~ 80 and % 5o' -