davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28
BACTERIA IN PLANr

A Discovery by Uncle Jerry's People Th.,
May Help Gardeners.
It seems surprising enough to learn that
plants which bear pods, such as peas and
beans, depend largely for their healthy
growth upon bacteria. These little vege-
table organisms attach themselves to the
rootlets, upon which they feed, forming
about each Of their colonies q woody
tubercle, just as tho species that engen-
ders consumption in human beings and
other animals forms tubercles in the
lungs. Thus the roots on which such germs
find lodgment are found to be more or
less covered with warty e1crescences. Until
lately it had never been imagined that the
tubercles were of use to the plant, or that the
latter relied in any degree for its welfare
upon the parasites which form them.
Nevertheless, such has been shown to be
the fact by experiments in the Department
of Agriculture. Plants are composed
largely of nitrogen, and the bacteria de-
scribed absorbed this element from the air.
Indeed, this is the onl y way in which pod
bearing vegetables cad procure free nitro
gen from the atmosphere. Each kind of
pod-bearing plant has its own species Of
bacteria, upon which it depends for sup
ply Of free nitrogen from the air. The tu-
bercle germs Of peas do not produce tuber-
cles in beans, and therefore are of no use to
them, and the various forms Of tubercle-
making bacteria are not all found in every
soil In field where beans have been cul-
tivated for a long time there may be no
tubercle germs for peas at all, or vice versa.
the farmer would be likely to
find change from one crop to the other q
dismal failure, unless he knew enough to
procure some earth from the proper place,
mix it with water, and thus microbe-seed
the land for the new vegetable.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

students. The University of Paris owns
200 volumes. At the Grand Opera there
is a library devoted to the theater; at the
Jardin des Plantes is one on natural his
tory of about SO, 900 volumes, besides agreat
quantity of drawings and paintings
The City's Circulating Libraries.
Among the free libraries of Paris those
of the municipality are of especial interest.
These are small circulating libraries estab-
ished especially for the poor, and open in
the evenings. The first was opened in 1866,
and at the end of 1S89-the last
year for which the City of Paris has
published its statistics-there were
81 in operation. They are miscellaneous
and modern in their contents. In 1889
], 1,232, 127 books were taken out of the NUM-
cipal libraries. An interesting experiment
has been made in connection with several OF
these-the lending of music, engravings and
designs. The habitues greeted the oppor-
tunity with great enthusiasm. Technical
books on the industries in which the in
habitants, in the quarter in which the library
is situated, are engaged are being added, and
in many cases lectures and free lessons In
designing and drawing are being given.
If books are the bread of Paris, art is her
air aud sunlight. Her galleries and
museums are bewilderment to the ignor-
ant, a encouragement to the time-limited
tourist and an endless task for the student
There are OF least 20 galleries and museums
in Paris and its immediate vicinity which
no one can afford to miss who pretends to
edo" the city. At the head of these is, of
course, the Louvre with its miles of canvas
and enough statues to furnish mile posts be-
tween here and San Francisco. The whole
ancient world has been ransacked to enrich
this collection. If less in size than the
Louvre, the value and interest of several
other museums are no less. There is the
Cluny with its quantities of Middle Age
stufs, the Luxembourg with it modern
pictures and statues, the Caruavalet with
relics of Paris from the days of the Gauls
to those of the modern, Versailles with its
vast historical canvases, the Artillery with
its weapons of war in all ages and many
others. Take almost any subject which one
cares to study and each museum will fur
nish something.
The Doors Remain Open to AL
1t must not be supposed that the student
in Paris is given these libraries and museums
with no other instructor than himself.
There are furnished to the public great
variety of free lecture courses on all SUBJ
jects. Beginning with the middle of Oc-
tober there appear en- the bulletin boards of
the city great posters which announce the
lecture courses of the winter. At the Uni
versity of Paris and the College of France,
at the polytechnic and the schools of law,
medicine and theology, at the Museum of
Natural History and Of Art, at the City
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28


has been locked up in the archives of the
Paris Opera and the French Ministry Of
Fine Arts.
With one xception-Handel-Ro
was the most prolific of the great musical
composers. He was the author of 30 operas,
three of which, viz: civilian Tell, +"
''semiramide" and '"rhe Barber of Seville"
still hold the public boards, and
yet, at A, he had stopped
work and never put pen to paper
again in the composition of music, although
he lived 80 years longer. Fury at hearing
1.-THE Huguenots," and recognizing its
superiority to anything he had written, is
said to have been the cause of his retire.
ment. It is the hope that the publication
of the correspondence will reveal some
thing of Importance in connection with this
incident. 1t is awakening much interest
among the members of the committee at
work on the manuscripts. Rossini was an
out-and-out miser, and would hardly per-
NIT such petty reason to stand between
him and the money his compositions would
bring him. If he really got out of conceit
with himself, surely the fattery showered
upon him from every source ought to have
brought him back to his senses.
1t is said the Empress Dowager, of Russia,
met him one day and tried to tempt him to
return to his work, but the old man turned
sullenly away, saying he had done with
music forever. Again at Baden he at
tended performance, and out of compli-
ment the orchestra performed his glorious
overture to civilian Tell" At the trst
notes the Duchess of Cambridge and her
retinue, who were present, and almost the
entire audience rose to their feet and turned
with homage to the box occupied by
Rossini, but the headstrong old man never
moved muscle and seemed in no way graft
fed by the honor shown him.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28
SYNOPSIS OF PREVIOUS CHAPTERS.


fmbu hdemorah
Earl
wife
OneA
glimpse OF Tracy
nc dprepa TO
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

United Kingdom. It is true that hereto
fore but little has been heard Of Herbert
For all the public knew of him or his affairs
he might as well have been dead. But re-
Gently he has leaped into the foremost rank
of politics, and that in the face of one Of the
warmest campaigns England has known for
many day. OF course, he is on the side
of his father, who is candidate of Lib
eral party pledged to Home Rule. To in
crease his strength Mr.. Gladstone endeav-
ored to secure to him the support of the
labor element. To that end he wrote labor
essay. 1t contained some good things but
on the whole was rather dull for Mr.. Glad
stone.
To fill the void who should spring up but,
this almost forgotten Herbert Gladstone.
His declaration of his party's policy was so
strong and clear that it has added wonder
fully to his fathers strength. 1t is not
often that fathers greatness descends to
his son, and the surprise to everybody
would be indeed great if the hitherto mod
est and retiring Herbert should manifest
anything like his fathers ability.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

I being democrat by birth and preference
and an aristocrat by inheritance and rel
ish-"
The Earl stopped suddenly, his frame
stiffened, and he began to stare speechless
through the curtainless window. Then he
pointed, and gasped out single rapturous
word:
'Lookr"
.'What is it, Colonel?"
sItP'
'sNop'
"Sure as you're born. Keep perfectly
still. I'll apply the infuence--I'n turn on
all nv force I've brought it thus far-I'n
fetch 1t right into the house. You'll see."
He was making all sorts Of passes in the
air with his hands.
''Therel Look at that. I've made ii
smilel See?"
Quite true. Tracy, out for an afternoon
stroll, had come Unexpectedly upon his FAM
lily arms, displayed upon this shabby house,
front. The Indictments made him smile,
which was nothing, they had made the
neiehborhood cats do that.
'Look, Hawkins, lookl I'm drawing ii
overP'
"You're drawing it sure, Rossmors. III
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28
About Mrs. Humphrey Ward.

There seems to be an erroneous impress
sion that Mrs Humphrey Ward, of "Rob-
ert Elsmere" and s'David Grieve" fame, is
new celebrity in the literary world. Even
one of the best book reviewers of this coun
try, . writer whose authority on bookish
subjects is very generally unquestioned,
said last week that Mrs. Ward did her first
literary work in 1880. This is q mistake.
Mrs. Ward had achieved enough fame in
the latter part of 1874 to be made the sub
ject of a pleasing notice in the critical col
umns of the Eclectic Magazina She was then
engaged on matter intended for children's
reading.
By the way, it does not seem to be gener-
ally known that this famous woman was
born in this State. She is married to the
principal art critic of the London Times and
is great admirer of Mary Anderson, who
Is the actual model from which the heroine
of the novel, '.Miss Bretherton, - is drawn"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

ever had any doubts about materisliEations
| they're gone now, and gone for good. On,
this is joyful day"
Tracy was sauntering over to read the
door-piate. Before he was halfway over he
was saying to himself, "Why, manifestly
these are the American Claimants quar-
ters."
TITS coming-coming right along. III
slide down and pull it in. You follow after
me-
Sellers, pale and a good deal agitated,
opened the door snd confronted Tracy. The
old man could not at once get his breath5
then he pumped out scattering and hardly
coherent salutation, and followed it with:
"Walk in, walk right in, Mr.-er-
'Tracy-Howard Tracy"
'Tracy-thanks-wa1k right in, you're
expected"
Tracy entered, considerably puzzled. and
said:
'E1pected9 think there must be some
mistake"
"Oh, 1 Judge not" said Sellers, who,
noticing that Hawkins had arrived, gave
him sidewise,glance,. .intended to call his
he was proposing to produce by his next
remark Then he said. slowly and i'm
pressiveIy: 'I am-you know who"
To the astonishment Of both conspirators,
the remark produced no dramatic effect al
all, for the new conner responded with .
quite innocent and unembarrassed air:
'sNo, pardon me. 1 don't know who you
are. 1 only suppose-but no doubt correctly
that you are the gentleman whose title ID
on the door plate.
''Right, quite right-sit down, pray sit
down" The earl was ratified, thrown on
his bearings, his head was in whirL Then
he noticed Hawkins standing apart and
staring idiotically at what to him was tho
apparition of defunct man, and new idea
was born to him. He said to Tracy, briskly;
''But thousand pardons, dear sir am
forgetting courtesies due to guest and
stranger Let me introduce my friend Gen.
eral Hawkins-General Hawkins, our new
Senator-Senator from the latest and grand
est addition to the radiant galaxy Of SOW
erign States. Cherokee strip, to himself,
''that name will shrivel him upP'-but 10
didn't in the least, and the Colonel re-
sumed the introduction, piteously disheart-
ened and amazed-''Senstor Hawkins, Mr..
Howard Tracy, of-er-"
ENGLAND"
England Why, that's m"
England, yes, native Of England"
Recently from there?"
eyes, quite recently"
Said the Colonel to himself, 'sThis phan-
tom lies like an expert. Purifying this kind
by fire don't work. I'll sound him little
further, give him another chance or two 70
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

it. I can afford it, and I will. Now then,
consider this-and you've never thought OF
IL. I'll warrant Where is the place where
there is 25 times more manhood, pluck, true
heroism. unselfshness, devotion to high
and noble ideals, alteration Of liberty, WIDE
education and brains, per 1000 OF popuia-
tion, than any other domain in the whole
world can show?"
"Siberia I"
"Right."
"It is true; it certainly is true, but
never thought Of it before"
'Nobody ever thinks of it. But 1t s so
lust the same. In those mines and prisons
are gathered together the very finest and
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

noblest and capablest multitude Of human
beings that God is able to create. Now If
you had that kind of a population to sell
would you offer it to despotism? No, the
despotism has no use for it; you would lose
money. A despotism has no use for any
thing but human cattle. But suppose you
want to start republic?"
eyes, see. It's just the material for it.
"Well, should say sol There's Siberia,
with lust the very finest and choicest ma
teriai on the globe for republic, and more
coming-more coming all the. time, don't
you see! It is being daily, weekly monthly
recruited by the most perfectly devised sys-
tenn that has ever been invented, perhaps.
By this system the whole of the hundred
millions of Russia are being constantly and
patiently sifted, sifted, sifted, by myriads
of trained experts, spies appointed by the
Emperor personally; and whenever they
catch. man, woman or child that has got
any brains or education or character, they
ship that person straight to Siberia 1t is
admirable, it is wonderful 1t is so search
ing and SO effective that it keeps the gem
eral level of Russian intellect and educa-
tion down to that of the Gar.
'Come, that sounds like exaggeration.
"Well, it's what they say, anyway. But
I think, myself, its lie. And it doesn't
seem right to slahder whole nation that
way, anyhow. Now, then, you see what
the material is, there in Siberia, for a re-
public" He paused and his breast began
to heave and his eye to burn under the i'm
pulse of strong emotion. Then his words
began to stream forth, with constantly in
creasing energy and fire, and he rose to his
feet as If to give himself larger freedom.
'The minute organize that republic, the
light of liberty, intelligence, justice, hu-
manity bursting from it, flooding from 1t,
flaming from it, viii concentrate the gaze Of
the whole astonished world as upon the
miracle of new sun; Russia's countless
multitude of slaves will rise up and march,
with that great light
their faces as they come, and
far back of them you will see-what will
you see?-a vacant throne in an empty
1andl It can be done, and by God will do
itp'
He stood moment bereft of earthly con-
sciousness BY his exaltation; then conscious
ness returned, bringing him slight shock,
and he said, with grave earnestness-
81 must ask you to pardon me, Major
Hawkins. have never used that express
sion before, and I beg you will forgive it
this time"
Hawkins was quite willing.
ssYou see, Washington, it is an error which
am by nature not liable to. Only excita-
BILE, impulsiye people, are exposed to it
But the circumstances Of the present case
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28
THE INVENTOR OF THE MATCH,
like . Good Many Other Public Benefactors
Died Pauper.

Ike Good Many Other Public Benefactors
Died Pauper.
The first match was the product of the in
genuity of John Frederick Komerer, who
early in this century was imprisoned in the
penitentiary at Hohenasperg, in Germany.
He invented the lucifer match while in his
gloomy dungeon. There were no patent
laws then, and the German Government for
bade the manpfacture of matches on the
grounds of public policy, because some
children playing with them had caused
fire. Komerer was ruined by Viendese COM
petition when he was released from prison
and died pauper.
In 1S42 this law of Germany was repealed.
And in 1S4S a match manufacturer of
Vienna had already amassed 81, ,000,0 600. Up
to 1862 the Vienna manufacturers controlled
the match business of the entire world.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

Hall and the Louvre, ETC., etc, course after
course on special subjects are given by the
most famous men in France. Every week
one can hear members of the Institute, great
writers, famous politicians, leaders of
thought. Their subjects are simply legion,
and include every useful, and many useless,
lines of human inquiry.
While the lectures are intended primarily
for the students in these institutions, the
public is freely admitted to most of them.
1t improves the opportunity, but it is not
always to warm its head; sometimes it is its
feet it warns in these comfortable lecture
rooms There is great poor and idle Paris,
respectable, but cold, and it focks to the
lectures as to the libraries and museums for
the sake of having comfortable place to
sit. There are many foreigners taking the
Paris courses, not few of whom are Ameri-
cans. American girls take advantage,
especially of the lecture of the univers-
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

sA<Sy HAAcAASN OOVOTset UTUIk.
together is . much debated question. E1-
treme partisans of both have SO long harped
on the separate claims of each that it is
hardly possible to know whether it was
Speke or Grant that accomplished the most
in the heart of Africa Some say Grant
was a mere fgurehead in the expedition
that solved the mystery of the source of
the Nile; others that Spoke, with all
his cleverness, was not equal to Grant in
scientific matters. But in all consider
ation Of this subject the fact must
be remembered that the original pur-
pose of Speke was to bring an English
man as a witness to prove to sarcastic Bur-
ton the truth Of his claims to having dis
covered the source of the Nile. To that
end he requested Grant to accompany him,
and at no time in the accounts Of that trip
does Grants name assume pretensions be-
yond the ordinary.
It seems presumption to foist Grants
name ahead of Speke's at this late hour.
Grant may have been able enough, but We
must judge of men by their deeds. Speke
has been dead % years, and if Grant pos
sessed all of the ability claimed for him,
surely in the meantime he would have done
something to substantiate it
W. g. KAUFMANN.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28
FIRST BLOOD OF THE wAR

It Was Shed by Col. b. =. Kelley and Col.
b. f. Hawkes. Now Has It
The first drops of blood shed in the War
of the Rebellion are declared to be at the
present time in the possession of Colonel B.
F. Hawkes., of the Pension Office in WASH
ington, and to have been shed by Colonel
B. F. Kelley, who commanded the Federal
forces at the battle of Philippi, the first
battle of the war. One of the first bullets
fired pierced Colonel Kelley's lung and
stained his vest, which was preserved.
Colonel Kelley did not die, although the
surgeon pronounced his wound mortal, and
lived to good old age
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

De Freyc11ef. against Rome, IL
was certainly mistake of Catholic coun-
try to make use of the methods INDUCED in
in the case referred to. Rome was not dila-
tory in accepting the handle Of the weapon
offered and making use of it with telling
effect. The result is now very evident. NJ.
de Freycinet and his Ministry are the first
to feel the blow. Goodness only knows how
many more will suffer before it all ends.
, That is about the only satisfaction allowed
Dc Freycinet in his fall He well knows
that when the longest-ived Cabinet Of the
third republic went down, it did not leave
much of foundation behind to build future
hopes upon. M. Ribot or NJ Rouvier may
succeed in quelling the unruly majorities in
the Chamber of Deputies, but it is almost
absolutely certain that such condition will
not last long.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

ity and college. know one who is follow
ing different courses ON as many different
subjects; a species of folly which perhaps
one ought to have too much pride to tell in
public about compatriot.
Free Parks and Free Bridges.
But Free Paris is not described when one has
told of libraries and museums and lectures.
There still remains the city itself, the beauty
of whose streets and squares does so much to
make life worth living in Paris. About 300
acres of the city's area are in gardens and
squares They are distributed fairly in the
poorest as well as the richest quarters. Be-
sides there are the two great parks-the Bois
de Boulogne and the Bois de Vincennes-
each of which contains about z, $50 acres. In
the parks and squares of Paris and along her
streets have been planted over IS, 900, trees.
To provide for the weary 1926 long benches,
each seating from four to eight persons, have
been placed at convenient intervals. Water
is everywhere. There are 78 monumental
fountains which play. There are 98 Wallace
fountains and 6S2 water spouts to assure a
thirsty public that it need never suffer from
lack of drink. To add still further to the
pleasures of these open spaces they are
planted with flowers and shrubbery, and in
several of the largest Of them. concerts are
held from two to four times each week DUR
ng the summer.
Added to this, Paris has made her bridges
all free, an item of no mean Importance
when a river cuts city at its heart, as does
the Seine, separating schools from COM
merce and politics from fashion. 1t is not
very long ago that toll was taken on GER
tain bridges, but now the q are entirely
tree.
Free Paris is not an empty title; it is a
great fact, the extent and value of which
can only be touched on in newspaper
letter. To enumerate adequately what it
includes would require volume; to appre-
ciate what it means, at least a year OF life
in its midst. IDA NJ. TARBELL.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

world She sets shining example before
all municipalities by the completeness of
her free institutions, by the efforts she
makes to keep them in the advance, and by
the welcome she gives to all who wish to
use them.
But to enumerate her bounties Books
are as essential as bread in French eyes So
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

New York made the
statement that Her
bert, the youngest
son of the Grand Old
Man, was dead. The
publication referred
to must have in
tended to say sleep
ing, and that asser-
tion must have
awakened Herbert,
for, if dead, he is
now the very live
~
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

disapproval shown
everywhere over
the actions Of
France in the fam
ous Archbishop Of
AK affair would
be likely to result
seriously. No mat
ter how strong the
current of public
opinion ran in
o Fl c ial circles
AGAINST Rome. it
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28
CHAPTER XIX.

HERE-bang you go
again without giving
any notice ! Going to
buy ?" s.
"le1 as soon as L
get the money. I
don't care what the
price is, I shall take
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28

Americans are not
taking much inter-
est in the celebra-
tion, but additional
significance is at
tached to the event,
since it may be made
the occasion of pub
fishing the famous
composers corre-
spondence, viii G b
fnr eo many vaara
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-02-28
PARIS is GENEROUS.
No Other City in the World
Has So Many Privileges
to Offer for Nothing.
HER FAMOUS LIBRARIES.
Women Flock to Them Without An
noyance Save From Students
OPPORTUNITY TO STUDY ART.
Lecture Courses Which American Girls At
tend Without Cost.
NO TOLL ON BRIDGES AND FINE PARKS
CORRESPONDING OF THE DISPATCH,

Aes
F all the cities of
the world Paris is
the most generous in
administering to the
higher needs of her
people. Every am
bition for education,
for culture, for orgi-
n al investigation
which they have
she tries to satisfy.
Every taste for art,
for comfort, for mu-
sic she aims to
crafty. And all is
free. Her lavish
generosity is not for
Frenchmen alone.
It is for all the