Hot Springs weekly star. (Hot Springs, S.D.) 1892-1917, 1892-06-03

ton to their domestic trade, u large eN-
port business, but Armour's house con-
fines it's attention solely to the home
markets, in which it has immense inter-
ests. All of these dressed beef shippers
have their W refrigerator cars, the
number owned by each ranging from
$500 to 1000 cars.
Naturally, these houses named are the
heaviest buyers of the cattle arriving
daily at the Union Stock Yards. where
they take probably three-fourths of the
cattle sold for Slaughter. In addition
to these purchases in Chicago, the CON
Germs noted buy the majority of the
stock marketed at Kansas City and
Omaha: AS is we'll known, all cattle
are sold by live weight, except in the
case of mich COWS or calves. The pur-
chaser, therefore, has to be a better
judge OF quality than of quantity, hence
it is not surprising that the buyers for
some of these big houses command IL
larger salary than many a bank prcsi-
dent earns. The classes of cattle ship
ped IN may he defined as follows: First.
the Exporters" which includes cattle
suitable for Eastern markets, as we'll as
for English ports. Second, the dressed
beef" steers, designed for the dressed
beef business. Third, butcher stuff, {"
composed of light steers and the better
grade of COWS. Fourth, Gamers"
which includes everything not good
enough for butchering. Then, as an
extra class, there are the range cattle,
many of which are either put on to feed
or taken by tls, dressed beef men for u
second-grade beef, while an enormous
number of them, and more especially
those from Texas, are put into cans.
The movement Of cattle is almost en-
tirely eastward. San Francisco, which
is a large market, draws quite a number
of cattle from California and the adioin-
ing States, but otherwise there is a con-
tinual movement toward the East, be-
ginning at the Gulf of Mexico, extend-
ing to the barren plains of Arizona and
from the sage brush valleys of Nevada
northward into Montana, from which
distant points the work of shipping is a
laborious task. Prior to the introduce
lion OF the palace stock cars cattle in
transit We're unloaded at suitable halt
ing stations situated from. 300 to 500.
miles apart, where high-priced hay was
supplied to feed the stock. But within
the past four years improved stock ears
have been introduced, in which cattle
can be run practically any distance, as
they are constructed to allow the
animals to be fed and watered without
unloading. On their arrival in Chicago
the cattle bought for shipment are driven
over to the shipping divisions, where
they are Loaded into cars and forwarded
to their respective destinations. The
dressed beef men generally allow their
cattle to remain i'll the pens owe night,
driving them to the slaughterhouses
next day after purchase.
Arrived here they are driven into
large pens, thence along narrow pas
sageways into separate compartments
just large enough to hold one bullock.
:Ehere u man standing on the narrow
foot-path above adroitly knocks the ami
NAL out of time by Il well.directed blow
ON the skull. Between each compart-
meft and the slaugllter-house is n lift
ing door which slides up mechanically,
and through this aperture the steer is
: jagged by means of u chain passed
Ground his horns. He is then properly
bled and is passed along the iron runs
to the hoOrsmen and SINNERS. All the
work in the Strengthening department is
done by trained experts, each one hav-
ing a single division of labor to perform.
No part Of the animal is wasted. The
hides are removed 81 carefully that they
bring a higher price than the common
butchers hides; the CUTS are thoroughly
cleansed n sold for sausage castings;
the contents Of the entrails are converted
into fertilizing substances; the livers
and hearts are shipped with the beef to
markets, Where they are sold
to good advantage; the bladders are
dried and disposed of to druggists and
other parties; the stomach makes tribe:
the tongues are always in demand: the !
horns sell readily to the comb and
knife-haft makers, while the shin bones !
are usually In good request for knife
handles and backs for tooth and nail
brushes.
The knuckle-bones are prepared for
making acid phosphate, and for this de-
sign have q fair merchantable value. !
The blood is all utilized for different