The new dominion. [volume] (Morgantown, W. Va.) 1876-1904, 1892-10-01
What the Tariff Is.
PROTECTION is PARTIAL.

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other.
A. Yes: but a policy that protect.
all interests, benefits none. The tax
es which each receives from the 9th
ers, it pays back to the others. Ii
the illustration already presented
where ten men living in the same
community, agree to pay, each trib
ute of 81 week to each of the 9th
ers, no one is gamer, and the scheme
results in nothing.
q. 1t is necessary, that protection
to be effective, must be partial, and
exhaust its benefits upon favored
| few?
A. 1t is.
Q. Then, the benefits to the ia
vored few are at the expense of all
others.
A. They are-and this must be
so, of necessity. The enormous prof.
its which the favored interests make
must come from somewhere-and as
they cannot come from outside the
country, they must come from the
inside; as they cannot come from for.
eigners, they must come from our
own people.
O. How are they obtained from
our own people2
A. BY protective tariff which
compels them to pay $3.50 for neces
saries which are worth only 81 and
which they could buy for 81 in a free
market
@ But is it fair for the govern
ment to extend to favored industries
benefits which it denies to others,
and which are at the expense of the
others.
A. 1t is not; it is most unfair.
Q. Where are the favored indus
tries to be found2
A. Chiefly in the nine manufac-
turing states-the six New England
states and New York, New Jersey
and Pennsylvania.
THE RICH NORTHEAST
Q. If these states are the chief
benefciaries of the protective policy,
they ought to be more prosperous
than the other states.
A. They are more prosperous.
The report of the Comptroller of the
Currency shows that the aggregate
deposits in all the Savings Banks of
the country in 1880 were 81 ,425, O00,-
000-and of this, 81 PA, 900, 900, or
nearly six seventies was in the nine
manufacturing states, and only $211,
100000, or one-seventh, in all the
other states. All the banking insti-
buttons in the land, national, savings,
state, private, and trust companies
show total capital, surplus, undivid-
ed profits and deposits of SIS, POI, O0O,-
000-and more than three fifths of
this, or So, 377, 900, 000-is in the nine
manufacturing states, and less than
twofifths, or $l,S23,376,0O0 in all
the other states.
Q. This certainly shows that the
manufacturing states have a great
deal more money than all the other
states; but do not the other states
have other forms of wealth?
A. What forms?
Q. Lands, improved farms and
railroads.
A. Yes: these kinds of property
constitute the chief wealth of the
agricultural states, and if they we're
owned BY the people of the states in
which they are found, they might be
considered pretty well off; but we
have just seen that the agricultural
states do not own the railroads in
them; these roads belong to persons
living elsewhere, chiefly in the man
ufacturing states-and in addition
to this, the manufacturing states
hold mortgages on very large pro.
portion of the farms and other real
estate in the agricultural states. In
short, the manufacturing states own,
not only themselves, but one fourth
to one half the wealth of many of the
agricultural states.
q. This looks like hardship;
but how can it be helped? Have the
people of the West and South any
right to complain because their coun-
trymen are rich and prosperous, and
invest their money in Western rail
roads, and loan it out on Western
real estate mortgages?
A. Certainly not. Let our coun :
trymen of the East prosper and grow
as rich as they may and can, by their
own industry, intelligence and skill.
We will rejoice at their prosperity
But we are talking about the protec-
tive tariff-and the question is,
whether that is a just and wise pol
icy which favors the more prosper.
Gus states at the expense of the least
prosperous ones; which taxes the
money borrowing farmers of the West
for the advantage of the money lend
ing manufacturers of the East; and
which exacts tribute from the 81
per cent profits of agriculture to pro-
tect and encourage Eastern indus
tries that pay 25 to 40 per cent. The
most profitable vocation in the coun-
try is manufacturing, and the least
profitable is farming-and one con
elusive and sufficient proof of this is
that the manufacturing states are
constantly extending their mortgage
claims over the farming states.
WHAT THE SAVINGS BANKS SHOW.
@. Are there any other official
statistics exhibiting the greater pros
perity and wealth of the protected
manufacturing states?
A. Yes. The savings bank de-
posits alone afford an impressive il;
lustration of the injustice of policy
which favors the nine manufacturing
states at the cost of the others The
manufacturing states have six.
seventies of all the savings deposits
in the country; their share being
81 100000, and that of all the
other states $2l1 100000. The little
manufacturing state of Rhode Island
has nearly five times as much as the
great agricultural state of Illinois
the figures being, for Rhode Island
$55, 1863, 900, for Illinois, $1l, $50, 900
Massachusetts has nearly ten times
as much as Ohio; the figures being
for Massachusetts, $303, 100000, fol
Ohio, $32.000,000. Indeed, Massa
chusetts has nearly as much money
in savings banks as all the Western
and Southern states put together
and New York has two thirds more
than Massachusetts. New Hamp