The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1892-07-17
CALL QUERY COLUMN.
Organization Of the Armies Of Italy and
Austria.
Nicaragua Canal-Per Capita Circulation of
Money-Resident QualhcatiOn-Hen Gate
Explosions Homestead Selection.

MILITARY OF ITALY-A. NJ. City. Uni
versal liability to arms forms the basis of
the military organization of Italy. The
arms are organized into permanent army,
mobile militia aud territorial militia. The
main army is composed of So infantry regi-
ments Of the line and II of the bersaglieri,
each of three battaliOns of four companies
and one depot; seven Alpine regiments IN
30 battaliOns In IS companies and 81 mill
tary districts with 98 companies Cavalry
a regiments. each of six sQuRdrons and one
depot: six depots for remOunts. Artillery
u regiments of divisional field artillery.
each Of two brigades or eight batteries; u
regiments of army corps field artillery like
wise organized, five regiments Of fortress
artillery, besides train brgades and COM
panies. a regiment of horse artillery. an
other Of mountain artillery, and one of ar
tiIlery mechanics yariously organized.
Engineers include sappers, train bri-
gades. telegrapbists, specialists, pontooners
and laGooners, but very mixed in orCanza-
ton. CarabineeTs number IL territorial ie-
gions and of cadets, besides which there
are the 10 companies OF the sanitary and as
many more OF the cOmmSsarlat corps, etc.
The mobile militia has for infantry 48 regi-
meuts, each of baIIaons OF companies, IS
battali0nS of beTSagNeri OF 1 companies, and
- companies Of Alpine troops. ArtilleTy-13
brigadeS Of field artillery of batteries, II
companies Of train, 80 OF fortress and brig
AIDES of mountain artillery OF ) batteries.
Engineers brigades Of Sappers of u COM
panieS, , railway companies, OF telegTa-
phistS, l lagoon company and 4 OF train.
The sanitary and -c0mmisSariat corps each
number II companies. Then there is also
the special militia OF Sardinia. The terri
t0ria militia consists OF go battalionS OF the
line, each Of + companies; = OF AipineTs
with - companies; 100 companies of fortress
artillery and 20 brigade commands, 30compa-
MES Of engineers and brigade commands, Is
sanitary and as many commIsSariat cOmpa-
MES. There are y army corps, and the total
force is :. 81, 339 Tie attempt to so further
into details is only bewi dering
AUsrRIA's ABMY-A. NJ, City. The sys-
tenn Of military defense is alike in Austria
and Hungary and founded on the principle
of universal military service. The military
Is organized into the army, landWehr and
landsturm the first two having each as an
essehtial part a supplementary reserve.
Service in the army is for three years in the
line. seven in the reserve and 10 for those
enrolled at once IN the supplementary IN
the landwehr in its supplementary reserve
TWO years for those who have been trans
feTred to II from the army and y for those
a once enrolled; then follow 10 years in the
lsndSturm. The monarchy Is divided into
10 recruiting districts, 102 corresponding to
the 102 infantry regiments; one district for
tie IyTOlean chasSeurs and three in the
Adrlatlc for the marine OF the navy. Bosnia
and Herzegovina have besides four dis
tricts The two landwehrs have 1874
battallOnS and 10 cavalry regiments under
separate administrations for Hungary and
Austria. Each infantry regiment has five
oatlalons, so that there are 80 infantry
battalons. There are 30 battalOns of ordi-
nary chaSSeurs, and one regiment OF Z bat
talons OF IyTOlean chasseurs. There are
Z brigades forming - regiments of cavalry,
subdivided into sQUadrons, ii regiments of
corps artillery. = bdttalIOns OF y companies
u fortress artillery, two regiments forming
ID wax y companies OF engineers proper,
besides one Of - companies Of pioneers and
one OF eight companies for constructing
railway and telegraph. The Hungarian
landWehr has q battaions OF infantry
forming IS regiments, and 10 regiments of
cavalry, each Of six SquadrOns. On peace
footing the army numbers S,947 land
weir 4S,4l2; total, 331, 4l9: Infantry, 1885,
80 and 15,j50; cavalry, 1886 and J., o92
artillery for the army. 33,132; technical
troops, 10.148; train, 3S51; sanitary, 1893;
higher officers, 4I16; establishments etc,
15,J)l Total on war footing, 1,S72,l76.
NICARAGUA CAYAL-A B., City. d
The Nicaragua canal scheme has passed
The period Of surveying, and while the
@ C. does not know whether the work Of
excayating is actually in progress at this
time, tie fact is that the work Of conStruc-
lion has begun, and in SeDtem Der, 1890. the
Nicaragua Government formally aeknowl-
edged that the stipulated sum of $1,000 900
had been ex pended during the year. The
ranal was expected to cost $50, 0O0,C coo and
to be SIX years in building. % 1t is the
natural supposition that the intention of
the company is TO complete the canal and
TO 10 so without the help OF eoOlie labor.
q An application was made to the United
States Congress in January, 1891, TO have
100000 Of bonds guaranteed by the
Government and to have the work of con-
structl0n supervised by officers Of the en-
gineer corps of the army. This arrange
ment was pronounced by some to be iucOm-
patible with the Clayton Bulwer treaty
with Great Britain, and other Senators
voted against the bill because they were
opposed TO subsidies The bill conse-
qnently failed, and not unlikely for these
same reasons IL is that no bill has come up
IN the present Congress.
PER CAPITA CIRCULATIoN-R. E., Oak
land, Cal Taking for a basis the figures
for the fiscal year ending on July l, 1891,
which are the latest obtainable, and with a
population 10 the United States Of 60, 49,
coo, the circulated money in the country, in
the treasury and in circulation was sos 40
per capita. % Out of the total of 5000
1861 there was Of gold coin 1892, 597, $50.
~ The remainder Is made up Of standard
silver dollars. subsidiary silver, gold and
silver certificates, treasury, United States
and national bank notes.
RESIDENCE QUALIFICATIoN-O. Y. R.,
City. The American party organized in
September, 1887, demanded in its platform
the restriction and regulation of naturaliza-
ton OF foreigners so as TO make IA years
residence a prerequisite to naturalization.
Inc original party, known as the Know
N0thiDgs, also demanded the iengthenng Of
the necessary residence.
MEDICAL DIPLOMA-M. H. S, City. The
Q. c. has before answered you that one
must be graduate OF some recognized
medical college to obtain diploma or GER
tilcate. The question whether you are Of
one school or another or propose to be a
specialist Of follow general practice has
nothing TO do with the subject
FIVE PER CENT OF THE VOTE-J. NJ,
City. Take the aggregate vote cast for
Mayor in this city at the election in Novem-
Der, 1890, which was 55,3l1, it would require
2767.C5 names, or peT cent of the aggregate
Of the vote. TO petition TO become a candi-
date and be placed on ticket under the
new election law.
THE H0NEsTEAD-T. +. p, Riverside,
Cal. o. The homestead is not uncondition-
ally exempt from execution or forced sale
Tor debt in the sense you convey in your
query. % The homestead may be selected
and claimed IN this State not to exceed
$1,000 III value by any head Of a family. and
not exceeding $1,000 in value by any other
person.
AsBEsTos-C. S. A., Dos Cabezas. Arlz.
A sbeStos viii bring all the way nm 70 con
and so per ton. The fbrous asbestos is