davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
STORY OF THE ECLIPSE
How Columbus Worked the savages for a
Good Supply of Food.

How Columbus Worked tho savages for a
Good Supply of Food.
In the spring of 1903 Columbus met with
great misfortune on the coast of Veraugua
He was charmed by the beauty of the
scenery and the luxuriance of the foliage,
and dato this date his descendants bear the
title of Dukes of Veraugua But he was
unfortunate there both on account of famine
and storm. 1t was here that his great tact
and knowledge of astronomy saved his little
band of faithful followers. When his stock
of provisions was exhausted he was in de-
spair. Suddenly he hit upon the plan
of turning to practical advantage the
eclipse that would occur within a few
nights. The Indians were summoned
on board the csravel to a council Columbus
addressed them briefly and explained that
God was displeased because of their refusal
to supply the ships crew with food, and
that he would manifest his displeasure by
obscuring the face of the moon.
At first they laughed at him, but sudden
ly the shadow of the earth began to creep
over the face of the moon. Instantly there
were dismal howls from the terrified saw
ages, and they besought the intercession of
Columbus. After remaining in his cabin
until it was time for the passing of the
eclipse, Columbus informed them that their
supplications had been answered and that
they were restored to heavenly favor After
that there was no scarcity of food.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

thropist, the prospect of having manual
training in our public schools was meager
Now that the economic industrial system of
the Swedish nation is known, educators
look to it as the manual training Of the
future in the schools of America. This
system is known as the Sloyd system. Its
object is not to make artisans of the pupils,
but to discipline them. 1t aims at the train
ing of the hand and eve, the inculcation of
habits Of order and industry, and the bring
ing out of certain mental faculties, but
above all the increase of physical strength
and endurance, for the exercises bring every
muscle of child into action.
Pittsburg educators saw the need of man
ual training schools, but were in the dark
as to how they could be secured until Su-
perintendent Luckey heard OF the Sloyd
system and recognized its value. At his
solicitation an experimental Sloyd school
was started at the Forbes building last Sep
tember. Its success has been most hatter-
ing. Already the Fortieth street school
directors, Seventeenth ward, have asked TO
have Sloyd room fitted up at their build
ing, and others wish to follow. The full
Sloyd course runs two years.
A Peep Into the Workshop.
So with saw or plane in hand, surrounded
by piles OF shavings and bits of wood, 10
pupils, who represent the number in each
class, are busy every day in large room of
the basement of the Forbes school, where
the initial Sloyd school of Pittsburg is sit
uated. To visitor it is q veritable work.
shop in appearance, for it always has its
concomitants of noises of hammers, grating of
sandpaper and clash of chlsels. Arranged
near the windows in row are Is cabinet
benches. Suspended from the frame of each
are the plane, chisel saws and tools most
frequently used, while those not so fire.
quently used hang from pegs at either end
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
FIRST SIGHT LAND.
History CIouded ss to Whose Eye First
Rested on the New World.


History CIouded ss to Whose Eye First
Rested on the New World.
Who first saw land is question that will
never be known, although the reward was
claimed by Columbus and given to him,
says the New York Herald 1t was arranged
that when land was discovered on any of
the ships gun was to be fred to notify the
others. The crews were beginning to be
mutinous, and demanded that Columbus
alter his course and return to Spain. He
feared an open revolt, and agreed to do as
they desired if land was not sighted during
the next three days The eager, discon-
tented sailors frequently mistook clouds for
land, and guns were booming several times
a day, to the great disappointment of the
commanders A penalty was therefore i'm
posed upon false alarm. On the night of
October II the situation was becoming
desperate, owing to the dissatisfaction
of the crew. As darkness advanced
Columbus mounted the poop of his vessel
and peered into the darkness 1t was 10
O'Clock. His eager eve detected glimmer-
ing light in the distance. Fearing that he
deceil ed himself, he called Pedro Cutter
rez, gentleman of the Kings bed cham
Der, and inquired whether he saw the light;
the latter replied that he did. Rodrigo
Sanchez was next called, but he could not
see it, for by that time it was invisible, ex-
cept at irregular intervals. to the others.
Columbus, however, felt certain that land
had been seen, and that it was inhabited,
because OF the presence of the light, though
the gun was not fired, owing to the uncer-
tainty of the others.
At 2 O'Clock in the morning a gun from
the Pinta proclaimed the discovery of land.
1t had first been seen by Rodrigo de Triano,
q mariner. A coast was clearly visible six
miles distant, and all sail was shortened.
Subsequently Columbus obtained the re-
ward, although Triano claimed it with bit
terness until the end OF his life.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

strengthening to the eye. Miss Elm
Esselius, who has charge of the Sloyd
school at the Forbes building, states that
eyeglasses are almost unknown in Sweden,
and quantity remarked that perhaps it is
because the Swedish people do not have
them. When the classes at the Forbes
school were first formed, one of the boys who
wore glasses was noted for his poor work.
Now all is changed and he produces articles
equal to those of the best in the class
Devisins Exercises for tho Eyes.
We have so far progressed with physical
exercise that nearly every organ of the BODY
is benefited, with the exception of the eve.
So the savior of his country will be he who
will reveal to us exercise to help this
organ. A city educator suggests that such
training seems feasible. He thinks that
looking alternately at objects at long and
short distances and similar exercises would
strengthen the eye. Glasses seem to be
gaining ground as part of the American
makeup
The girls of the Normal School last Sep
tember were as awkward with tools as the
boys would be with needles, but now the
girls produce articles remarkable for their
finish. These are usually models calculated
to awaken interest in the household. The
original Swedish models have been changed
to accord with those in use in American
homes. The Pittsburg boys are now manu.
featuring stilts-the only large piece of
work in the course. From long, rough pieces
of board the boys shape an octagon with the
plane. Then the foot rests are made and al
tached. The girls have choice of articles.
They usually prefer to make q bracket
rather than hatchet handle
The home OF the sloyd system is Sweden,
but now there are such schools in number
of American cities. The Swedish name is
"slojd," but it has been anglicized to
Sloyd. There is difficulty in getting an
exact definition for the term "slojd'' the
nearest approach probably being "skiIl in
handicraft."
Its Introduction in America.
The introduction of the system In
America dates from the visit of an Amer
ican lady to Sweden in 1885. She took a
course of sloyd, and recognized its import
ance as an educational factor in the mental
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
\NNSA SkRRc"


development of children. In 1887 class
was established in the normal college OF
New York. Since then there has been
great demand for more thorough knowl.
edge of the system, and now every summer
students wend their way to this Scandi.
navian country for instruction. There are
many sucn schools, but the one that has at
tracted the most attention is at
Mas, where students do not seem
wholly in foreign country, tor
over each bench floats the flag of the coun-
try from which the occupant halls. There
the Stars and Stripes, the Union Jack and
the pennants of South American countries
can be seen side by side.
Miss Esselius on her visit home last sum-
mer, counted the flags of 13 different nations
at the Noaas school. The institution was es-
tablished and dedicated by wealthy He
brew, August Abrahamson, whose benevo-
lence is bearing good fruit in nearly every
part of the globe. So keen is his interest
in the school that every day he is there to
watch the progress of the students who
profit by his public spirit.
We Had Swedish Teachers First
At first native teachers of Sweden were
at the head of the sloyd schools OF Ameri-
ca, but for the last two years manual exer-
cises have been introduced into a number of
normal schools and at Chautauqua last
summer this course was introduced, so that
soon there will be sufficient American
teachers to fill all the places
find from correspondence with superin-
tendents of large cities, such as New York
and Boston, that Pittsburg is. the only city
where the Lloyd system is to be definite
part of public school instruction. When
the system is thoroughly established, as it
has every prospect OF being, each pupil will
receive training at the bench just as he re-
ceives his lessons in arithmetic. Pittsburg
being such great industrial center, it is
very appropriate that manual training
should form feature of this city's educa-
tional work.
Miss Elm Esselius is native of Sweden
and has taught near Boston and at the Cali
fornia State Normal School Her sister is
an instructor of the same line of work at
Gothenburg, Sweden. Miss Esselius is now
busy carving piece of maple, 20 inches
square, for the Woman's Department OF the
Worlds Fair. 1t will be used either as
panel or have place in the wainscoting.
The design is of dragons in relief. Miss
Esselius will pay another visit to Sweden
this summer and will learn the latest devel-
opments in the system which budded and
bloomed in her fatherland.
KATIE EVANS
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
A New Electric Tricycle.

Another inventor has patented tricycle.
which relies tor motive power on the stor-
age battery. The singular point in its con-
struction, however, is that the storage bat
teries are carried around the circumference
of the wheel, preferably close to the tire,
and there can be any number of cells, ac-
cording to the power required. It is
claimed that in this way the weight of the
storage batteries is more equally distrib-
uted, and in such manner as to cause the
minimum interference with the efficient
running of the machine, while at the same
time afording simple and easy method Of
construction. The cells are connected by
wires to insulated sleeves that carry the cur
rent to a motor in the axle of the wheel,
which gives the motive power to the ma
chime
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
A Curious TeIephons Line,

A curious telephone line has been work.
ing for the last three years between two
private houses in the suburbs of London.
The singular point about the line consists
in the use of an electric light circuit for tel
ephonic communications and electric light
ing purposes, either independently or SIM
ultaneously. The interference when the
two lines are working is so slight as to be
barely noticeable, and novice would never
guess from the slight rustling heard when
the engine is running that 10 or IL ampere
current was passing along the line, and that
the vocal sounds were being produced by
slight variation caused by the respective
telephone transmitters at either end of the
line The length of the line is comPara-
lively short. as the houses between which
it runs are only quarter OF mile part.
The wires at either end are tapped tor the
telephone in the particular room required
by simply connecting a short length OF wire
from the lead to the terminal OF the tele-
phone,
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

there have been nearly 500 of. item this
year. Hardness and absence are unknown
at the Forbes street workshop. On gloomy
pnpils will be found with the articles on
the window sills instead of the benches and
each has tiny tool, the "veiner," with
which he traces the delicate founda-
tion lines for the ornamentation of
the model he has in hand. One
wonders at seeing them at work, but the
thoughtful Swedish nation has solved
the problem of preserving the eyesight, a
problem growing more important each year
in the estimation of American educators.
The constant poring over books in
American sohoolhouses is, they say, weak
ening the eyes
The carving of the Sloyd course, and, in
fact, the work all through, is especially
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
Electric Hat PolIsher.

The electric hat polisher has established
itself as an indispensable complement to
the outfit of the fashionable halter, and has
destroyed much of the deluding and e1asper-
ating significance of the trade motto,
"While you wait" The halter now has
his little electric motor, to the armature
shaft of which is attached clutch. The
hat is slipped over the clutch, which grips
it firmly inside, and which is whisked
around on the starting of the motor at the
rate of 2, 900 revolutions minute. All the
halter then has to do is to adjust the press
ure of his polisher. The polishing is done
with strips of plush, silk or suede leather,
according to the condition of the nat when
the operation begins. Ironing is rendered
unnecessary because the heat developed BY
the friction against the rapidly moving sur
face of the hat answers every purpose that
the heated iron is used to accomplish.
There is not only no time lost in the heating
of irons, but hats of any style or shape are
given gloss and finish superior, it is
claimed, to any ever seen, even upon new
article.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
A RELIGIOUS FANATIC
Columbus Hoped to Send an Army to !
cue the Tomb of Christ,

Columbus Hoped to Send an Army to Res
cue the Tomb of Christ.
From the earliest known of Columbus it
was evident tha. he was deeply religious
in fact, what would be called in these times
q fanatic. He believed that he was des-
tined to open new route to the gold-laden
Indies
Prompted by religious zeal that became
a mania before his death, this extraordinary
man imagined he was predestined to rescue
from the infidel the sacred tomb of Christ,
and it was his avowed purpose to devote the
greater part of his gains by discovery to the
equipment of an army of crusaders. He even
made vows to send large body of foot and
mounted soldiers into the Holy Land as
soon as his means would permit
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

egg is inserted in history, although it is i'm
possible to verify it. 1t is said that Column
bus was invited to banquet. A jealous
guest abruptly asked HIM whether in case
he had not discovered the Indies there was
not man in Spain who would have been
capable of the enterprise. Columbus took
an egg and invited the company to make 1t
stand ON end. After all had attempted 1t in
vain he struck it upon the table SO a. to
break the end and left it standing.
'Thus," he cried, "you can all do it after
you have been shown the way"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
Tho White Map,a God.

Although imbued with lofty aspirations,
Columbus main object was to obtain enough
gold to reimburse the royal exchequer for
the money spent in equipping the expe-
dition. So jealous in his search did he be-
come that a month after his landing an
Indian ran to the Spsniards one day, hold
ing up a small piece OF gold and exclaimed
excitedly, ''See, the white mans god" And
the poor savage spoke the truth.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

of the room. A grindstone and a long row
of tall cases, receptaeles for the finished ar
ticles, constitute the outfit of the room. The
cost Of furnishing is about $780,
Here 156 pupils are weekly taught the
use of tools, 104 OF them divided into eight
classes, passing from the Forbes school
rooms to the workshop tor one hour and a
quarter twice week. Then on Friday 26
boys of the High School and 26 girls OF the
Normal department receive instruction. On
the oath of June these pupils will conclude
the first years course. This means the
making of Is models, which range from q
simple flower stick to the intricate con-
struction of q small wheelbarrow. In this
range are hatchet handles, paper knives,
knife boxes, brackets, keyboards, footrests,
towel rollers, hammer handles, pen trays
and butter spades
Popular With the Pupils.
The pupils are constantly asking per-
mission to carry the finished articles home
for they are proud of their work. At the
end of each term the pupils are given all
the articles they fashioned and each article
is labeled with the makers name. Pine,
cherry and poplar are used. So interested
are the pupils in their work that they are
unconscious of . visitors presence, and
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
Historical Dispute Over the
Lead Box in Which His
Dust Is Stored.
FIRST CHRISTIAN CITY.
New Versions of the Stories Told in
the School Histories.
SIGHTING LAND FROM THE SHIPS,
reproducing the Caravel Which Carried the
DiScoverer Hera
GOSSIP APROPCS OF THE WORLDS FAIR

The birthplace of Columbus is, by general
consent, the city of Genoa, and the date in
the u months between March Is, 144e, and
March 20, 1447. Columbus died May 20,
1906, $50 years ago. In 1913 marble tomb
was tardily built above his remains by Fer
dinand, who placed on it the inscription:
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
The Speech Had No Effect.

fuHdueIpH1u LcuRorsI
The adherents of Governor Hogg, at
Bremond, Tex, arranged political meet
ing to be attended by Poles. A Pole was
gotten to speak in his native tongue, and
the close of his speech he said that he had
been paid to make . speech, and his hearers
needn't believe word OF it"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
HAD MET AT LADY JEUNE's

of stanley From His Last Expedition.
Lady Jeune, says a London paper, is q
great entertainer, and all sorts of celebrities
and oddities are to be met at her receptions.
OF this advantage was taken by Mr.. Burn
and in an amusing skit he had on the re-
turn of Stanley from his last expedition,
where he met the dwarfs. One Of the dwarfs
was represented as meeting Stanley, when
the following conversation took place:
Dwarf-Mr. Stanley, believe.
Stanley-Yes, how did you know me?
Dwart-I think we have met at Lady
Jeune'A
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
The PORTRAIT OF COLUMBUS

II Nas Engraved Ten Years After His Dea tn
but Is Probably Accurate.
There are numerous paintings of Colum-
bus, but the one that is entitled to respect,
although not TO be considered authentic, is
Jovius' Columbus A wealthy Romanist
named JoVius built villa on Lake Como,
and adorned it with gallery of portraits of
those who had made the age famous He
included one OF Columbus
The Admiral had been dead ten wears,
however, before the picture was engraved,
and, therefore, it is matter OF speculation
whether the artist whose name is not
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

known, was or was not personally &C
quainted with Columbus The other por-
traits in Joyius' gallery were good, and it
is probable that the one Of Columbus was
of equal merit
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
Dress of the Cars Children.

The Cars children are dressed in the
least conspicuous and the plainest manner,
the two younger boys almost invariably in
sailor garb, and the girls in dresses that
would be disdained by the daughters OF
many shopkeepers
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
THE STORY OF THE EGG.

Historians Cling to 1t but There ID No
Confirmation to Be Had.
It was during the festivities at Barcelona
in honor of Columbus that the story of the
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

This was . step IN the right direction, but
was found to be inadequate.
If there were more bodily training in the
schools, there would be fewer orders for
physicians to stake your child out Of
school, he, or she, has too much studying to
do;" fewer puny systems and cases of
curvature of the spine. Colleges and
many private schools are now provided
with gymnasia, but to provide physical
training for the several millions of public
school children is no easy task. The home
duties and outdoor life of the country boy
or girl bring the muscles into play, but city
children haven't such advantages Educa-
tors of long ago wished that bodily work
could go hand in hand with intellectual
culture.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
WITH HPLANE AND SAW,
How Forbes Street Pupils Have Spent
q Year in a Workshop.
PRETTY ARTICLES THEY FASHION,
The Girls Are Not Bit Behind the Boys In
the Use of Tools
IMPROVED EYEsIGHT Is ONE RESULT


P to a few years
ago there was
nothing in the
public sch o OIL
system of Amer
lea but book
study, pure and
simple. G is
themes was
afterward intro
duced as q sim
pie form Of phys
j Q a l culture.
q -
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
The Model Came From Sweden.

Industrial institutions have been estab-
lished in connection with the schools of
other cities, but at enormous costs Usually
they have been the gift of some benevolent
person, but as every city has not philan-
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12

LocHIHvAR AWNINGS ut Mamaux D Sons
6S9 Penn avenue. Tel l971 VISA
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-06-12
Guarding Treasure, by ELECTRICITY

Not long ago astory was told of aprofessor
in one of our large universities who brought
the raider OF his pocketbook to a realizing
sense of iniquity by arranging wires that
carried generous current inside the pocket
of the coat that was hung up dnring lecture
hours The thief inserted his hand. as he
had often done before, but this time the
electrical detective gave him such a twings
that, yelling vigorously, he became his
own burglar alarm, and was caught literally
red handed. Equally good detective work
was done in the saloon of a New Jersey
barkeeper. where special stock of prime
whisky developed an inexplicable leak. An
alarm bell which rang in the proprietor's
room was connected to the whisky bottles,
and it speedily made known the fact that
the depredator was one of the regular
patrons of the establishment.
This effective system of protection has
been applied to many departments in the
Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
In the room containing the Moses Lazarus
collection of miniatures, painted porcelain
and other rich and valuable objects of art,
there are wires running underneath the lid
of each case If the cover of the case be
lifted or disturbed in any wav an alarm is
transmitted to the Office of the janitor and
a warning is sounded on big gong on the
ground floor