The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-04-30
sclENoE AND INDUSTRY.

- There are over 400 fertilizer fac.
tories in the United States which pro.
duce more than S20,OO0.0O0 worth OF
fertilizers annually Less than half
century ago a fertilizer factory had not
been heard of.
The manufacture OF rubber bands
has attained considerable proportions
in this country. One indication of the
growth of the industry is that they are
now being sold by the pound, where. thir-
ty years ago. they were priced by the
gross. The price has gradually fallen
from about 81 to St.25 per pound.
Recent experiments on the action of
metals on India rubber show that cop
per is the most deleterious. Platinum.
palladium, aluminium and lead act only
slightly, while magnesium, zinc. cad
MUM, cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium.
tin, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, silver
and gold have no action whatever on
this material.
DR.. Krug, a German scientist, has
discovered IA way of making what he
claims to be eatable and nutritious
cakes out of wood by transforming the
ccllulose into grape sugar and adding
to it about 40 per cent of meal of wheat.
oats or rye They will be getting pic
mic lunches out of the trees next if it is
in the wood
There were on British pastures last
year nearly $4,000, 900 sheep and lambs,
showing an advance of nearly million
and half over the number in 1900
Our total sheep stock. last year. more
over, exceeded by 100000 head the
floclis of two years ago. and by more
than 100000 the tlocks of 1881. Pitts
burgh Dispatch.
1t is stated that there are in France
$4,000, 900 hens, which at an average
price of francs 80 centimcs per head.
represent value of 1850. 900 francs.
One-ffth of the stock is annually CON
sumed as food, and is sold for about 22.-
100000 francs Two million cocks.
worth 100000 francs, are also sold as
food. The number of laying hens is
put down at 50, 900, 600, and the annual
value of their eggs is 1S3, ,OOO, 900 francs.
Twenty years ago New England
factories produced so per cent of the
boots and shoes made in this country.
The New England product has largely
increased, yet it is now but 55 per cent.
Of the total value. the industry having
been established in other parts of the
country. Since 1850 importations of
hides and skins have increased about A.
per cent. D7ring the same period ex-
ports of manufactures Of leather have
increased more than 1875 per cent.
Curious evidence shows that a cubic
inch of air at sea level contains about
$50, ,000,O 900 molecules. Ii the law of
regular diminishing density holds good,
a cubic inch of air at the height of 100
miles will contain about $50, 900 mole
cules, and at less than 222 miles only
one molecule. Opinions differ. however,
as to the actual height of the atmo-
spheres upper Surface. Prof. Young de-
clares that no definite upper limit can
be stated, while Prof. Forster, OF Ber-
lin, contends that d thin air, connected
with that of the earth, pervades the
whole solar system.
To obtain printing rollers without
a seam, the engraved or relieve plates
produced in the ordinary way are bent
together so as to form a cylinder with
bilV uDOll llS OuJCI SuIlutc. w lllCIl
serves to produce in the galvanic way
an outer cylindrical mold with the de-
sign on it's inner side. This mold. sep
ated from the cylinder and strengthened
by wrapping heated sheet of grtta
percha around it, is then used to pro-
duce in the galvanic way another hol-
low cylinder, which carries the design
upon its outer surface, and is then
mounted upon solid metal core
DIR. Freudenreich has found by ex-
perimcnts that the cholera bacillus, if
put into milk drawn fresh from the
COW, dies in an hour, and in five hours
if put into fresh goats milk. The bacil-
lus of typhoid fever takes twentv-four
hours to die in cows milk and five hours
in goats milk. Other microbes suffer a
like fate in varying periods. But he
has also found that milk maintained for
an hour at tempera ture of 131 degrees
f., loses its power to kill microbes-a
statement which is of interest in face of
the common teaching which makes the
publication of milk depend upon its
being boiled. .--Annales de Micrographie
The total number of men and wo-
men employed in the government de-
partments in Washington is 4.S32. dis
tributed as follows: Superintendents
charged to the district-congressio
library and executive mansion, s.; state
and diplomatic service, ~;
treasury department, 1, ,152; war depart
mcnt, 3SS; commissioner of public build
ings, $50; navy department, los: navy
yard, G53; post office department and To-
cal post Office, Ala; interior department.
S15; department of agriculture, 123: de
partment of justice and labor and mis-
ccllaneous offices, 1913. and government
printing office, 80. OF this number 1,52l
are women.