Southwest-sentinel. [volume] (Silver City, N.M.) 1883-189?, 1892-10-11

In separating Dlrerou, Grade. Of rlou

Lies the secret Of the Industry.
Hardly any manufacture Of a n
alton ago was so simple as -four milling
The miller dropped his wheat into q
hopper; millstones beneath swiftly
ground it into a product from which
there and then, -four was separated by
boiling cloth. Fragments Of wheat
that had been only partly ground, and
go could not pass through the meshes Of
the cloth, were passed between the mill.
stones a second time. The meal oh.
tanned by this latter operation was
again sifted, yielding n -four which vai,
led a good deal in quality. Sometimes Il
was fair in grade, but usually it carried
so much bran as to be quite dark 10
color, and the bread baked from it wa.
darker still.
Contrasted with this simple, direct
way Of making -four is the elaborate
roller process. first brought to the point
Of practical success in Hungary. In.
ported thence it was developed ana i'm
proved by American ingenuity in the
great mills Of Minnesota, and from that
state has spread to every other in The
Union. Simplicity is so important D
feature in machinery that, had the oil
time mill been as economical as it was
simple, its quick and ready methods
would have been discarded.
The fault in these methods was that.
considering the real completely of the
work to be done, they were too simple.
Millstones, especially when they ran, as
they usually did, very close together,
wasted some of the wheat's best ele.
ments, and left sticking to the bran no
small percentage Of good flour.
What a miller's task is becomes plain
when we closely examine a grain OF
wheat. The first thing to meet the eye
Is its branny envelope. At one end OF
this is a little bunch of delicate hair OF
fuzz; at the other appears an embryo on
germ-for the grain, it must be remem-
bered, is o seed. Next is to be noticed
the deep crease which runs along the
length of the grain. This is very tight
ly and snugly folded together. In get.
ting at the -four within the grain the
miller has TO remove hair, bran and
germ, and most thoroughly unfold the
crease. This last part of his work was
the most troublesome Of all until rollers
took the place of millstones. They open
out the grains crease SO completely that
the separation of the -four is an easy
matter, we when spring wheat, with
It's hard, brittle covering, furnishes the
grist. While mills Of the Hungarian
type employ a series Of rollers to reduce
the wheat, their efficiency and economy
are equally due to their separating ma
chinery. This machinery takes the diff.
ferent products successfully let fall by
the rollers and asserts them with nicely.
If flour from an old fashioned mill.
such as still may be found lingering in
a frontier settlement, be scrutinized
carefully, it will be found to consist of
hours of more than one kind. These
fiours, if freed from the admixture Of
bran and other impurities, and divided
into fair, good and best, would be much
enhanced in value. To effect this a
alton would be impossible, and yet mod
ern milling accomplishes what is prac-
tically the same task. This it does by
indirect attack. Instead of attempting
to separate and purify fours in their
ground and mixed state it separates and
purifies each distinct product of wheat
before flour is made at all. When wheat
is granulated step by step it can be
easily rid of its impurities and divided
kind from kind as it cannot at a later
stage, when as flour it rises before tho
breath like 80 much dust. Both groups
o. inventions-rollers for reduction and
purifiers and separators for treating
wheat as reduced-owe their develop
ment to the study bestowed upon what
not very long ago millers were wont to
regard as a mere b%yproduct. -Uincin-
natl Commercial Gazette.