The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1892-01-03
VOTES on sazvcz AID INDUSTRY


volving especially the remarkable processes
ofths forging and tempering by electricity OF
obdurate metals. Among the most notable Of
these WAS the operation Of melting into LIQUID
form bar OF steel an inch In diameter and
twelve inches long In tho brief space OF forty
Ave seconds without the temperature of
s ere. rom rom rs s'l Roarp ssnaitien HsotSsr
operation described IL that Of making q
mo s rs sf n me X.
one s9d q heated: and then by, me sns Of q die
wtRSus Sens ssbieSsea 70 &nether
q sh 1S1 p ,sss .!
screy, q nat bar Of iron being fastened in the
% sssg .sa SS sSs s nS s s% spta
II appears from an Official report on the op-
erations Of the French watch industry that the
anticipations formed in 1889 Of an improve
ment in that manufacture were satisfactorily
realized during the year following. Out Of
404 436 watches Of French production deliv-
cred for consumption in 1890. Of which
about 80 per cent were gold and 70 per cent.
silver. no fewer than 4O1. 439 were passed BY
the Besancon control ofioe. Foreign watches
to the number Of about 41,000 were passed.
the proportion. OF these being greatest at Pom
RssIlsh fGC,l9yi9s this being MoptSeiSesd
nS%Ssr 81 foreign wstsSes.' sslt were seid
AZ sss Es.shs ssSs
ssst 3, 4s %ssSssy p pTS' cont Of
the year Psanes Stand e. h s1s
OF Besaneon: Further. comparison Of French
the Sity Of Bs.snSon supplied Is. 70 per cent
G psr cent Is iss pSnS osns IL
The apparatus which has been devised for
coal cutting By electricity is said to be sue.
cessfully taking the place Of the usual meth
DDS. and. in It's now perfected form. 10 regard
ed as valuable substitute. In It's present
makeup. the under cut is made by revolving
tools. the axes around which they revolve be.
ing either . horizontal line parallel with the
coal cutter bar. or horizontal line at right
angles with the coal augers. or vertical line
chain machine. Generally. the machine con-
sists q . stationary bed upon which slides
and the latter gradually isd into t .h
motor is Is attached to the movable frame
Or to the stationary bed. suitable gearing or
Sn na e. ssS I, sss s
ally undercut. the effect Of the cutters being.
e lntsPdsa 70 make az srsSys'n re coal the Ne
horse power when performing the work for
ns e ~ al
vital parts protected in the most thorough
manner.
What 10 considered . very simple and con-
venient process for lowering concrete under
water-that is. by means Of what may be
called the continuous hopper-has been used
in constructing the piers Of the large railway
bridge over the Loire. The difficulty in this
case was to prevent the contact Of the concrete
a SCps sRe sS 5
crab winch resting ON the usual framework.
was liied with concrete: It, was then raised
and part OF the co nc allowed to run out
process was. Of course capable Of being re-
peatsd at any part within the framework.
than the PROCESS Of depositinS By boxes. "'''es
It's now proposed to increase the amount Of
railway traction by novel and simple method.
the plan being. where a railroad track is built
at grade or is curved. or at switches. to pro-
vide the rail with q strip Of soft. tough metal.
held to the rail by countersunk screws, the
outer edge Of the rail being raised and q chan
mel made in the same for the purpose. The
outer edge Of the driving wheels is also smaller
than 1t Is near the fiange. 80 that, when running
On the ordinary i rail only the inner portion q
With a band Of hard metal. roashensd on is
% ' M a. Wien #ss s
ss ssp sSs as d en VIII s
g hSia III
be able to haul very large load.
In the city Of Munich is one Of tho most cole
brated lens manufactures in the world. its
wonderful products being In demand in all the
countries Of Europe. The perfection charac-
terizing these lenses is due to the unvarying
precision and faultlessness Of work applied to
every object produced before it is permitted to
leave the steinheil establishment The lense+.
after being roughed out in csst-iron moulds BY
hand. are ground fine by means Of emery pow
der and water In glass moulds, each workman
being provided with glass model Of the sur
face to be impaired to the lens (such surface
n AZ cases being ee :. sphericall and each is
Is. 4! a'pisS.sE; psiis$sas' ..s ssatE!ns: E.
s9 bssncRes onS and on further sss
sspsrsted from one anoth er as also the ma.
IL .sa
injury to q lens which result therefrom are
hs bsSs e shs IL ~
Of pitch. insyead Of on cloth las in many other
manufactures Of this kindl thus enabling 9
than otherwise would be possible: A commo-
dions testing apartment Ia provided. OF some
nished with the finest appliances. and here all
the lenses. apparatus. de-. produced at the
establishment. are accurately tested. except
the larger sizes Of telescopes. which are SUBJ
jected to the same ordeal In passage on the
ground floor.
A writer In the Engineering Ne,cs states that
he has found the addition Of oxalic acid to the
ordinary blue print mixture materially to les
sen the necessary time Of exposure. The 80
buttons used were. first. 100 grains Of iron and
one fluid ounce Of water. to which are added
few drops OF strong ammonia solution until
tho odor Is quite perceptible; second 1O5 grains
potassium ferricyanide. and one fluid ounce OF
Equal quantities Of the first two solutions are
k,tvo erNFy 80 hrna SO 80 Ia