Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1892-06-24
navy are not fixed by law, but are pre-
scribed by army and navy regulations.
THE ENDS OF CREATION.
Two Towns of the Extreme North 8
South of Our Globe

Cincinnati Commercial Gazette: Do
you know the names of the two towns that
respectively are the northermost and most
southerly in the world? They are Ham
merfest, Norway, and Punta Arenas, Chill.
lhe former is the capital of Finland, the
extensive province er annex of Norway,
which forms the extreme northern portion
OF Continental Europe, and is situated be-
tween the Arctic sea and Russian Lapland.
Finland has an area of Is, 306 square miles,
Includes Norwegian Lapland and comprises
numerous islands, on the northermost of
which Is North Cape. 1t has important
fisheries which give employment to the
greater part OF population of nearly
25. 900.
Hammerfest is the Qaul-oe Whale ISL
and), of which it is the chief port, and is
sixty miles southwest Of North Cape. Its
houses are Of wood, and are painted on the
outside. Communication between it's Quar-
tiers is kept up by boats. Its harbor is
defended by fort.
Although situated in latitude 70 Geg. 40
min. z sec. north, the summer heat at
times is oppressive, and even throughout
the winter the Temperatures is mild enough
for fishing to be carried on. The sun STAYS
two months above its horizon. The town
exports stockhsh, whale, seal and fish oil,
skins, walrus hides, teeth, copper and
feathers.
Its population is about 2,1OO. In its
trade Norwegian, English, German ana
Russian vessels are engaged. Thirty
small vessels are sent out early in the
spring to Spitzbergen to take part in the
fisheries and walrus hunting. Train and
codiIver oil are manufactured in Ham
merfest. Sailed fish is the principal ex-
port.
On Funginass, or Birds Cape, which
protects the harbor on the north, stands a
column with an inscription in n orse and
Latin, stating that the town was the des-
tination of the expedition for the measure
ment OF the arc of meridian. Ii was also
the place chosen by Capt Sabine for the
scene of his pendulum exI erimeuts.
Punta Arenas is Spanish for Sandy Point.
1t Is situated upon Il level plain in the
CHILEAN colony of 6lageIanes, and on the
east coast of the Brunswick peninsula.
Back OF the town snow capped mountains
rise to the height of one thousand feet.
Its houses are almost all one story, and
built irregularly. Just outside the settle
ment are fields of mess and low hills whose
timber has been burned Opposite the
point, on the other side of the Straits of
Magellan, is the island of Terre del Fuego,
the Land of Fire, so styled by Magelhaens,
its Portuguese discoverer, because of the
great number of fires which he noticed
upon 1t the FIRST night he approached It's
shores.
Pnntt Arenas was founded in 1913 as u
penal settlement, and has ever since been
known only as such TO those who have
read or heard of It. It's unenviable repu-
tatlOn lead to its decline in population
until the European steamship lines adopt
the route through the straight to the west
coast of South America.
Then the town was used as a station of
call and supply, and in 1868 Chill sent out
800 immigrants, with governor, to take
possession of it. The immigrants brought
along with them wood for building pur-
poses, and supplies to last until the land
granted them had been cleared and Guilt
waited.
Then the sending of the convicts there
was stopped. The military guard was
withdrawn during the war with Peru, and
the prisoners who consented to Join the
army got ticket Of leave. From 1853 to
1888 the population of the island increased
from 200 to 1000.
The soil is good, coal mines abound,
and gold and silver are found The coal
mines are worked by company, which
defence of their own position, and yet
nevertheless, maintain themselves against
the world.
The quiet force of this latter class
often prevails where the more offensive
tactics of their aggressive brethren fails
becaus it arouses opposition. The mar.
tyrs of the world who have established
creeds or promoted reforms have been con-
tent to have commanded attention 10y their
GOODNESS and self confidence Nearly all
people act as sheep following bell
wether. Only a small proportion think
for themselves and become leaders of men.
Tnose who have opinions and aspire to
leadership should cultivate the graces of
leadership. A party organized with great
care by men ofrdiscretion, careful to hui
NOR the prejudices of the members, though
carrying the principles braveIy may be
stampeded in day by tie mconsiderate
utterances of a positive man with the same
ends In veiw who has not learned to hri-
die his tongue and is ready at all times to
give expression to his radical veiws Pos
itiveness must be united with discretion
1t 1t is to be a real force. Obstinacy, as
distinguished from positiveness. may be
considered the fruit of ignorence It is
not always easy to draw the line of dis
tinction but it may be traced by consider
ing wheather the fixed opinion is or is not
founded upon reason. The positive man
may be In error, but be has knowledge of
some kind and iudgemen to support his
veiws. TIE obstinate man has nothing
stronger than prejudice. He thinks this
or that becaus be thinks it. and that set
ties it. 1t is an injustice to the
positive man to consider or
treat him us obstinate merely because one
disagrees with his veiws. He is worth
talking TO because he is, on the one hand
open to conviction, though not easily con-
WINGED of his errer and on the other may
be convincing. And even though
argument should fail and leave both
controversial1sts of the same opinion, each
will be strengthened by the necessity of
making defense. II is a good thing to
associate with people whose opinions
accord with ones own; such intercourse
adds positive strength to ones belief
But it is also a good thing to meet an
opponent for the defense of ones belief
adds to its strength or develops its weak
ness. The man who looks at only one
side of question is never as strong in his
faith as he who is obliged to combat OPP
posing velws.
TROUBLE THE SCHOOLS
Tia. Catholic Church Criticised and Two
Men Lose Their Jobs Thereby
EoND uIr Lac Juna % -puhli. oobooI