davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Smokeless GunDowder.

To he Editor Of the DisDG'ch:
Please give US the ingredients of smoke
less guupowder. T. A. 2.
Smokeless gunpowder Is q mixture of
cun-cotton end nitro-glycerine, to which,
IN some varieties of 1t, either camphor or
tannin is added.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Her Material.

Dutiful Wife: Here's pie that made
for you myself. Jack.
Brutal Husband: Out of the cookery
book, l suppose!
Dutiful Wife: No; made it all out of
my own head.
Brutal Husband: Your own head. Ell !?
What IS il. pumpkin?
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
MCADAMS & BERRY.
A CHRISTMAS GREETING
TO THE
PRESENT ANDF0RMER PATIENTS
OF
DR.. |. P0arc8 Coates,
Cat0rTh Specialist.

DEAR FRIENDS, when located In this city six
months ago there we're many people who said
would not remain long. They looked upon me
as one Of those INSCRIPTIONS physicians who L.
cate in n city for few days, deceive the people
and then leave their victims worse off than be-
fore. Since last April have treated over 500
patients residing IN four different counties "a
this vicinity, and am prepared to impart 10 any
one who will take this trouble to call tho names
and addresses OF over 500 who have been cured
OF Catarrh and its kindred diseases. have pub
lshej I'm the daily papers the statements Of
sixty-seyen Of these patients, together with their
portraits and addresses. These statements Were
not secured by me, but by a member OF the stat
OF one OF the daily papers, who had been assigned
10 that work. My object In publishing this card
is 10 show 10 my present and former patients
what have done in their behalf am in Rich
mOnd TO stay, and desire TO thank you for your
confidence in me. shall always endeayor to
merit your good feeling and cure you of Catarrh.
10 one and all wish "a Merry Christmas and
a Happy New Year"
Your Friend,
L. PEARCE COATES, D..
Catsrrh Specialist,
de 2j-1t EOS east Franklin street.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
OIL Warehouse Destroyed.

CHICAGO, December 24.-The Chicago Oil
and Refining Company's warehouse, at 80
10 "a Erie street, caught FIRE at o'clock
this evening and within an hour was CON-
pletely destroyed. Several workmen were
burned before they could escape from the
building. but their injuries are not con-
Ann 0O0
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25

SIKIhINN y bCOD IHiNb
is lucky sort Of experience which You
don't meet with every day. Fortunately
the comet didn't hit rs after all, but if
it had it would have struck an exceed
ingly good thing in our Suits. Just
compare one OF these Suits with those
sold elsewhere. You'll give ours the
preference without a doubt. Wen show
more styles and better values every
time. We deal not in idle Boosting, but
in the best goods offered this season.
These Suits speak for themselves. An
iusp,o ion will prove their superiority.
There are no better goods manufactured
than the materials used in these Suits.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
ChrIstmas.Eys Racing.

GUrrEspuRa, N. j.. December 24.--Fifst
race-tbres quarters Of mile--Leigh first !;
Carmelite second. Happy Maid third.
Time, l:l9.
Second race--one mile-Shenandoah
Erst; Dago second, Excellenza (hlly) third.
Time, 1:4bh.
Third race--one-half mile--Jersey Lass
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
X. T.. Lee-FairmouHt Park.

To the Editor of he Dispatch:
Is there an equestrian statue. or statue
of any kind, of General Robert T.. Lee IN
Paramount Park at Philadelphia? and if
so, when and by whom was 1t erected, and
under what circumstances
GREENBRIER.
There is no such statue in Paramount
Park,
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
A Negro Cuts Two Persons.

IhptcIaI IoIegrdln 70 INC UEpAIcI.I
PETERSBURG, Va, December 24.-Mr. Ed
die Perkins was seriously cut IN the alb
Chesterfield county, who made his
escape. Tom Coleman (also colored) was
badly cut in the hand by the same negro.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Looking Ahead.

Small: Why are you so anxious TO keep
on the good side of that newspaper-man {?
Greathead: He Is a specialist and l am
working him for good seud-of.
Small: What Is his specialty2
Greathead Obituaries.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Geluine sympathy.

Lets GO and call at the Keodicks," said
young Mr.. Spatts. The girls are sure to
have mlstletoe hung up in the parlor."
Poor fellow!" replied Ricketts,. COM
miseratIngly, do you have to wait for
that 2O
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Frozen to Death.
fpv ,aieoranh % TIM DtgDatch.

MILFORD, DEL, December 2A-John
Mitchell. a cOlored man, aged 20 years, was
found frozen to death this morning IN
front OF the residence OF Colonel Is. ,.
ANatsnn ON north Front street.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
IRE In Besssmer. Aln.

(By tele9raph 20 the UIspAtch'I
BIRMINGHAM, ALA, December PA fire
in Bessemer tonight destroyed seven
frame houses. occupied rs saloons, fruit
stores. and restaurants. Loss, $4,000; ln-
surance $1,000.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Horrible.
MEETINGS-FOurlh Monday.

MEETINGS-FOurth Monday.
STRICT OBSERVANCE. LODGE or NAsONs.
United BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS
MUNFORD LODGE. TONTL
REscTE LODGE, GOOD TENPLARs.
CHARITY LODGE, GOOD TENPLARS.
M'GILL CATHOLIC UNtON.
GRANITE LEGION or THE RED CROSS.
"E" COMPANY, FiBsT VIRGINIA REGIMENT.
ENTERPRISE COUNCIL, AMERICAN MECHANICS
LIE COUhCIL. MICH ANICS.
PATRICK HENRY COUNCIL, MECHANICS
INDIANOLA TuBE, Red MEN.
PAMUSKEY TRIBE, RED MEN.
ANNOwAN TRIBE, RED NES.
srCARV COUSCu, LEGION or HONOR.
NAPOLEON COrScIL. LEGiON or HONOR.
SYRACUSE LODGE. KNIGHTS or PYrHIAs
IYASHOE LODGE, KNIGHTS or PYTHlAS.
OLD JOHNSTON LODGE, KNIGHTS or PYTHIAs.
RICHMOND LODGE, ODD.FELLowS
srONgwALL CLUE, 40. 80, LYCkUM LEAGUE o.
AMERICA.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Strike mt Hnvre.

FRANCE December 24-The discomfort pro-
waiting among the dork laborers here tor long
time past eliminated yesterday In n general
strike some trouble was experienced In lond-
ing and discharginR vessels, though plenty o.
men viii be available to-day TO take the strikers
places.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
Hardware Estabiishment Burned.

DULUTH, MIMI, December 24.-Chapin h
Weiss hardware establishment has been fired
by n gas explosion and totally burned. Lose,
100000.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1892-12-25
COURT ORDERS.
ns>


+ b. MOORE, EFT AIS,
81 Plant -
Is 81.
Wlugdeld & Ware, 80 damn. leie.ilAH -.
This cause having been referred ~ No - !.
cult Court OF Rockbridge county 20 sAe 49,
signed commissioner, with droctions 70 'AA' ~
following accounts: ia.
1. OF tho assets, both real ami persona o. ~
frms Of Wingneld & Ware AMI q. q. "Ne =
Co., showing from whom any pefsonal $50
due an1 the character thereof. ,,-.s.ft
=. OF all debts due by said arms on wins, 49,.
& Ware and q. G. Ware 6 Co. shoSius th7 ~ -,
IN which said debts shoald - pAii, 49, 4,
showing any liens tRat may have AssSSa''
any assets u the saia nrms .,..I
s 10 report specially on any matters seesS \.
pertinent by tho commissioner, or Shith ~S -
required TO be 50 reported BY any par" ~
serest. -,... M,
Tho undersigned hereby notifies al Pss''e' ~
interest that DC has Appointed
SATURDAY, JAscARy IL, is9@
NJ his onfce, In the town OF Lexlnxton, As va
time and place OF tAkias said socoan,s ov
ds IASa&s Commissioners IN CsAas>f~
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
TO PREVENT FRAUDULENT VOTING.

The determination Of the managers OF the Repub-
can campaign to TO It that the Democratic vote
in this city is kept down far possible by pre-
venting the registration Of the tramps who nj this time
ore ON their way TO the city In droves, has raised
storm In Tammany Hall. -Four years ago, when the
chairman Of the Republican National Committee took
steps to stop this sort VI work by the Tammany leaders,
everything was done 70 divert him from his purpose
Threats Of arrest made and the Democratic press
abused personally every Republican who took part In
this effort 10 secure fairly honest election In this
county I'm spite OF Tammany. 1t looks now as II the
same tactics were 10 be repeated this year TO divert
the attention Of Tie voters from the real condition Of
affairs Last fall Tammany Hall was prevented from
voting a large number Of the men who had been
brought In from the surrounding country and colonlzed
This was done through the efforts OF the Republican
leaders and because the Republicans had at every
polling place the same number Of election officials
Tammany Hall had
The Democrats who controlled the Legislature last
winter forced through what IS known the In
spectors, BILL which took away from the Republicans
one election inspector and gave Tammany Hall a
majority on the election board for the express purpose
~ voting all OF the ramps that could be cOlonized
and then having their votes counted. Two com
neteDt members OF the Republican National Committee
have been put In charge OF this subject and they will
not he swerved from their work By any OF the threats
that the Tammany Hall officials and leaders make.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
TEyyys TOURNAMENTS TO-Dly

II the weather is favorable this afternoon for
lawn tennis, the payers Of the various New-fork
clubs will be extremely busy, a. many OF the local
organizations have scheduled their fll MEMBER
tournaments 10 begin today. The annual club hdndi-
cap tournament Of Tire Ncw-York Tennis Club Will
BEGIN this afternoon on the clubs courts at one
hundred andforty seventh st. and ST. Nicholasave.
Mems singles ladies' singles and mixed doubles will
be he'd
On the grounds Of the West side Tennis Club, at
Eghty-cigbthst. and Central Park. West, the first
annual club tournament will be started. There will
be mems singles, ladies' singles and mems and mixed
doubles.
The tenth semia tournament for tie clam
pionshp OF Central PARK will begin this afternoon
the lower Park courts, In Central Park, opposite
West Ninety econdst. Mems singles and doubles
will be held. The Ariel Tennis Cub and the Hamil-
ton Tennis Club. will each bod a members haudiCa D
tournament beginning this afternoon. II the weather
permits. The courts of the former One Hundred
thirty ifth-st and ST. Ann's-ave., and the latter
at One hundred and forty third st. and Hamilton Place
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
n, ". PARKER UNANIMOUSLY SELECTED.
HE WILL LEAD THE WITH YEw-JERsEY CONGRESS
DISTRICT TO VICTORY

HE WILL LEAD THE WITH NEW-JERSEY CONGRESS
DISTRICT TO VICTORY.
The Republicans of the With New Jersey Congress
District comprising the city OF Newark, held their con
vention In Chester Row, Newark last nj gt and unani
mously nominated Richard Wayne Parker for Congress.
The convention hall packed and there WAS mu h
enthusiasm. The names Of K. WAYNE Parker, Frank
lin Murphy, George W. ketcbam and John A. Miller
were named for the nomination. Mr.. Murphy sent fl
Q request for the Withdrawal Of his On the
first regular ballot the vote stOd Parker "a, Ketcham
IA. The Ketcham delegates thereupon changed 10
Parker and the vote declared unanimous. several
stirring speeches made before the convention and
q committee chosen to bring the nominee before
the convention. Elk Congressman LellbaCh, who sat
in the convention delegate addressed some earnest
words 10 the convention. lie said that by Of
the Democratic gerrymandcr of the Congress districts
II would be more difficult than heretofore TO overcome
the Democratic ring but he confident that by
proper effort and the nomination Of u good candidate
Republican would be elected to represent tc district
IN Congress lie also confident that with good
work the state could be triumpaantly carried for GOV
ssnor aud Presidential Electors.
RESOLUTIONS ndorsiHg President liariio1's Admins
traaon and the Platform of tie Minneapolis conven-
ton were unanimously adopted.
Mr. Parker born at MorristOwn on August g.,
1s4e, and WAS admitted 10 the bar III 1870. In 1884
he was elected to represent the Nth Assembly District
lie made an excellent record and reelected the
next year He i son OF COrtiahdt Parker eminent
lawyer, who member OF the Louisiana Com
mission appointed In 1876 10 Investigate the election
In Louisiana and he subsequently declined the Russian
Mission, offered by President Arthur. The son In
herets his fathers abilities
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
LISTENING TO CONVINCING ARGUMENTS.

A big mnss.meeting. under the auspices OF the
Rnpublicar Club Of the JXth Assembly DISTRICT was
held last evening at CALIFORNIAN Han, No Horat'o
ST. The hall wns filed 10 It's utmost capacity and
a brass band furnished MUSIC. The enthusiasm ran
high and the mention N President HarTfson's name
encit<d deafening applause. Professor Adams sang
campaign songs and the audience joined heartily IN
the choruscs. John Brennan, Of Town, made
an eloquent speech, and his witty sallies aud we'll
taken points were enthusiastically applauded "The
Democrats said Mr.. brennan, "seek 10 confuse
voters by multiplying the tissues they hope TO de-
ce,ye YOU. They the so-called Force bin
ne n bncaboo with which to screen their Free Trnde
doctrines The Protection policy Is the salvation Of
American worlmen. Take of the duties on articles
OF merchandise we produce and YOU reduce Ms 10
the condition Of Europc's pauper laborers.' Mr..
brennan also dwet on Englands interest In the sue
cess Of the Democratic party.
s. J. Forhan Of Illinois, was introduced at the close
OF Mr. Brcnnan's speech, and he made many pointed
remarks which were loudly nppauded. Among those
present were George H. Dcane. Jamcs A. Cowic. Henry
i. Pardec. DR.. 6. H. Bushong, Edward NJ Morgan
william g. Deane and Joseph III. IIackett The
officers of the organization Charles H. Macy, presi-
dent: David H. Hunter, first vice president; L. b.
Evans second vice president; Charles A. Ferguson
recording secretary Thomas H. Usher. corresponding
secretary; Charles NJ Bnnkerhon' financial secetary.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
OBITUARY..
CAPTAIN HENRY PRATT.

Captain Henry Pratt treasurer or the Michigan
Central Railroad Company. died In this city on
Thursday after short Illness. lie was born In Chel-
sea- Mass, In 1893 and in 1859 entered railroad ser
vice as clerk In the general freight ofce OF tie
Hudson River Railroad. From 1rjo 10 1881 he was
clerk 10 the president and superintendent OF that
road on April ~. 1861. he enlisted volunteer
in the 10Th New-YorI Volunteer Infantry for three
months was mustered out August g. 1861. and
re enlisted in the s0th Ncw-York Infantry, being
made first lcutcuant September ID. 1851. and cap
tain November H. 1862. lie was wounded Mt An
tietam and resigned December p. 1902 lie
Wis engaged IN tbc dcfenccs OF Washington. Patter-
sons operations III the Shenandoah Valley, Furnishes
expedition. the operations In North Carolina, the
first Maryland campaign, and was present at the
battle OF fredericksburg. lilo also took part In the
movements OF the Army Of the Potomac After his
return from tho captain Pratt became secretary
to tie president Of the Michigan southern and Northern
Indiana Railroad. from 1865 to 1870 he auditor
u that road and then became presidents secretary
and assistant auditor the Lake Shore. III 1871
he engaged with the Phillips & Colby Construction
Company In building the Wisconsin Central Railroad,
remaining a auditor and general ticket agent until
1879, wbrn he became assistant treasurer OF the
Michigan Central. lie made treasurer In 1855,
and has since held the Office
lie was u member Of L. :. Gmnt POST. and Of
the LOYAL Legion. and leaves two children his wife
having died eighteen months ago.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
NATIONAL FRENCH REPUBLICANS.
STIRRING ADDREsSTS 10 BIG MEBr1N"-
GETTING THEIR CHI ZESs' PkPHRs.

rb. National French Rerubiican Club held a siic
ccssrnI meeting AT its main headquarters. No. l32
West Twenty seventh ST.. last evening Therc were
over 400 persons there. The present membership IS
4a6 and new members DIRE being secured ohiy
through the active efforts OF the executive committee
whose work is mainly directed toward assisting the
men in securing their naturalization papers To which
they are lawfully entitled. The president q the club
Is confident that the membership will be over 200 By
November l. Tho club rooms decorated with
swiss Italian Belgian and Holland nags, ana
large transparency with an electric g't outside inc
windows. French speaking people ID any nhtioha"y
ora elicble 10 membership. - Amcrique Fran
caise.- the new French Republican family paper is
distributed ut each meeting. This paper Is an ar
dent supporter Of the Administration Of President
Harrison. III It's last issue. after review OF the
npb,c seryfres OF both the National Republican oand
dates Il makes IN appeal 70 all frenchspeAking
Americans TO support ut the polls OILS fall, thu Re
public Us founded by Washington and Lafayette by
voting for Harrison and Reid. At the opening OF the
meeting last night Eugene !. Aucsigne gave dlrec-
tlons 10 another batch OF members who Will be &C
companed 10 the court next week TO secure their
naturalization papers. VI. Fallofe delivered an
address on the merits VI the Republican pmu"m'
which loudly applnuded. Felix Aucaignc reviewed
the political Incidents which have occurred since the
last meeting Of the club. Mr.. Mcdonald the
sculptor, spoke for forty minutes on American
nolItics NJ Cnouves spoke on the intimate ana
cordial relations existing between tc 1sepublics Of
France md the United states. After the speeches
the usual social entertainment followed. This enter
taumsnt has become an established feature Of the
club The officers L. Bartro president; f. +.
hucaigne ond a. Lallemand, vlce-preshents' ii. A.
Deknatel, treasurer p J. Aucdgne, secretary and
e. Bensa and J. DoUllinau, ecreeante alarms weekly
meetings will be held In october, ana onf1nG tnc at
fortnight there will be meetings every evening. Tho
next meeting Is on october Z.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
PUSHING ON TO VICTORY.
FoRDHAM REPUBLICANS OUT IN FORCE.

4 RINGING SPEECH BY w. E. MAsoN-A 81"
MEETING AND GREAT ENTHUeIAsM.
When the Republicans Of Forfham decide TO hoiu
a meeting they enter into their preliminary "orN WIN
such enthusiasm that success Is a foregone cohciu-
sion The Fordbam Republican Club held large ana
enthusiastic meeting last night at fordham man,
Henry Stoddnrd presided. After selecuoh ny d
local quartet Mr. Stoddard made a short nddtess Ill
which he urged upon his hearers the necessity Oh
strict attention TO local and National issues ana
for making sharp fight this fall to rid the CITY vi
TammaDy methods. =,
He then introduced ex-Congressman William H.
Mason who was at his best and whose abie ars"-
mcnts In behalf Of the principles OF the Repubhcah
party were received with hearty applause Mr'
Mason said in part: IL agree with your
chairman In his ideas that we should
uari our local interests and should apply precisely
that same principle to National politics. In the
camnalcn that am making. I am not appealing 10
mon as Republicans or Democrats. We should forget
everything and stand by the party that STANDS LOT c
best interests OF this Nation without regard 10
OF other European countries. No nsh WIN N''o' M
Harrison four years ago look bis conscience III Tue
face and give any good reason why ne shou'u NV
vo,o for him again. am proud Of the Republican
party. The Democratic party has Simply io"o"e"
the theories that were written for textbooks In free
trode England We say to England we pay
twice as much In wages for making that glass as
Won do Now before You can introduce Your glass
in this country you must step up to the captain
desk and pay Uncle sam the amount OF money ,i"'
under conscience and equity you shouia nave paw
20 vour ,aborers, Wages are higher here. Mr. PECK
Mason was followed BY Or. Balloon and General
Morris The officers OF the club are President tran.
= Balcom vice president, Charles Berrian
secretary, Charles Cronn; financial secretary W.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
HENRY \. HILL.

Henry A. IIll died ut his home No. 3o7 Bellcvilk
ave- Newark, Thursday. Mr. llill was born In
Brooklyn sixtytwo years ago, and early In life be
camo bookkeepcr for David A. bow. the GreltNlour
merchant, being afterwari made junior partner
of the firm. lie conceived tho project of building
Il Touring mill Oh the Ir,s>ac at Newark and having
interested others, u massive brick and stone build
ing. thirteen stories In height. was erected near
Commercial Dock In Newark The notion proved u
disastrous failure. After remaining Vacant some
time the building bought and altered for uSe
as a malt house. Subsequently Mr. Hill erected
another structure in Harrison the Pasaic opposite
Newark for the same purpose. and this also proved
a failure. In these enterprises he lost every dollar
he possessed and recovered himself financially
lie possessed fine talents and used them In desultory
way I'm literature and newspaper work. lie n
fugitive poem. The Railroad Engineer" which went
the rounds OF the newspaper press Mr.. Hill began In
politics as a Republican and made speeches in Brook
lyn and IN other places Aherward he acted with
the Democrats. lie twice married, his second
wife and one daughter by his first wife surviving
him. The funeral services were held at his home
yesterday.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24
FORMING A SCOTCH REPUBLICAN CLUB.

Republican clubs for almost every conceivable class
and nationality Of citizens have been organized Har
lem and all Of them holding regular meetings and
are RAPIDLY increasing In membership. The Irish Cuban
Itallans Germans cooTed men, Poles BoheIDians and
French are organized and now the Scotlhnen have
sounded their slogan and assembling their clans
Harlem. 4 meeting OF the Scotch Republican Club Of
Harlem which is be will held Tuesday at
Central Hail. No 1915 Thirdave., when the Scothmen
Of Harlem will organize and add their Drawn and muscle
To the great army which Is lighting for American Pro-
lection against British Free Trade The meeting Of this
new club will be at Central Hall every Tuesday. The
Republican Poles meet here every Wednesday Franco
American Republicans every Thursday, aDd the German
American Republicans every Friday. ali In the hail.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-09-24

~&&

oct ND Of u, IL You have Catarrh Don't
merely relieve It for q time with poisonous,
Irritating snufYs and strong caustic solutionA
While you seem TO be getting help, you may
be getting harm. Stopped In this way, it's
usually only driven to the lungs You're
worse Off than ever.
But you can get rid Of it completely, with
DR.. Sages Catarrh Remedy. That's been
proved over and over again, in thousands
soothing, cleansing and healing properties,
Catarrh in tho Head and all Catarrhal afec-
tons are perfectly and permantly cured
Some physicians will tell yox that Catarrh
can't be cured, They mean that they can't
cure it. DIR. Sage's Remedy can. And to
prove that they believe it, tho proprietors Of
this medicine viii pay $500 for An incursbls
case Of Catarrh. ThaS dent see one eftsn,
but they'll pay ~ Aonsy when thsy de-