The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1892-02-19
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

! series, valued at S41, 91S, S35. so and Occu-
1 plying 172, SOC acres of land. with an in
vested capital of $50, 425, 600 81, and Civ
| ing employment to 45, 657 men, acre wo-
men and 1920 animals
The cotton crops of the several
parts of Russia are reported as not Civ
ing perfect satisfaction. The Industrial
Trading society and the great Yorslow
Manufacturing Company ordered from
America los, 600 pounds of cotton seed
and sixteen gins the seed being dis
! tributed among the planters free of cost.
| The French septennial average of
wheat production, including 1891, is re-
turned at the equivalent of 299. 202, $50
English bushels, and the average yield
of rye, which includes meteil. at 20, 4SO,
600 bushels. Food wants are put at 340,-
600, 900 bushels of wheat, and SO. 900, 900
bushels of rye and meteil. Last years
crops are given at 232, 401, 1s1 bushels of
wheat and Il, 600, 600 bushels of rye and
meteil. ~SssS
Mr. c. Whitehead, of the Royal Ag-
ricultural society, England, in a recent
discussion of the subject. described the
methods of preventing and checking the
attacks of insects and fungi He is of
the opinion that the fact of these at
tacks having increased so much of late
years is due to the interchange of seeds,
fruits, plants, roots, and cuttings be-
tween different countries
MIR III. Darwin, of the Cambridge
Scientific Instrument Company. En-
gland, has devised 'cup-micrometer''
! r. Al 10 e Il
plant A thread is attached to the up
per end of plant and passes over a
pulley. To its lower end is fastened
weight, which descends as the plant in
creases in height. The amount of it's
! descent is a measure of the vertical
/ growth of the plant
The coal industry furnishes employ
ment to 10000 persons to whom Sll0-
/ 600, coo is paid in wages and the capital
! invested is estimated at $3.50, 900, 900.
/ The output of different states is as fol-
lows: Pennsylvania, nearly $4,000, 900
tons; Illinois, IS, GOO. 600: Ohio, 10, 900. coo;
| West Virginia. 1000 COO: Iowa, 4, 500, 900;
Alabama. 1900, 900: Maryland, Indiana,
Kentucky and Missouri 5000, 900, and
Tennessee 1000. o9o.-Boston Globe.
1t is stated that there is much doubt
whether the proposed Antarctic expedi-
ton from Australia will start next year
1t will be remembered that the offer of
Baron Oscar Dickson, of Gothenburg,
to supply $4,000, was made condition
ally on Australia subscribing the rest
Of the funds considered necessary
Baron Nordenskjold is prepared to take
command of the expedition, and Baron
Dickson has selected two vessels he con-
siders suitable for the work; but there
does not appear to be much public in
terest taken in the matter by the Aus
tralians
The manufacture of wood pulp has
become one of the most important
trades of Sweden. According to recent
reports, that country has over 100 wood
pulp factories, about half of which have
been started during the last three years
The export of this product, which, in
1872, only amounted to ia 900 hundred
weight amounted in 1889 to nearly
900, 600 hundred weight Although
prices have been constantly declining,
most of the factories still make good
profit by using the newest and best
methods, thereby reducing the working
cost
Two French chemists. VI. Berthelot
and VI. Andre, have been experiment.
ing on the source of the peculiar ground.
smell which comes from wet earth, and
is very perceptible in spring freshets
and heavy morning dew. They find
1t is owing to something analogous to
camphorated substances, which exists
in very small quantities in the last
analysis of earth. but is neither an
alkai, an acid nor an aldehyde: in fact
S of unknown nature, in spite of the
minute experiments OF VI. Berthelot
and the researches of Muntz into the
alcohol which the earth contains Such
are the difficulties of organic chemistry
if this may be ascribed to that field of
science. Boston Advertiser
Look at the Pleiades with the I'M
aided eye and you may see six or seven
Or a dozen stars: LOOK al it through
three-inch telescope and you may per-
maps see 800. Study it through a tele-
scope for three years, as VI. Wolff has
done, and map the stars and their
places. and you may record 600 or 700
stars on a strange background of neb-
ulous light; expose a sensitile plate for
an hour, and more than twice that num-
Der are revealed: lengthen the exposure
10 four hours and you have a picture of
,. 1926 stars with different and more
extensive background of hebuiosity
French Invention-
French ingenuity has contrived an
improved stoae-cutting saw of remark
able efficiency - circular saw having
It's edge set with black diamonds in the
same way as the straight blades but
as the strain on the diamond is all in
one direction, the setting can be made
much frmer. Moreover. as the move
ment OF the circular saw is far more
rapid than that of the straight one, the
effect of the diamond teeth is increased
by the force of the impact upon the OBJ
Jet to be cut without the exertion OF
more power in propulsion In order to
keep this kind of saw at starting in
perfect plane. it is male to revoive be-
tween two pair of guides, but as soon
as the cut in the stone IS deep enough
70 serve as a guide the temporary ones
are removed the consequence of this