The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1892-04-13

The war against insects and fungi must
begin when the trees are in blossom. In
fact, it is now deemed essential to COM
uence the work of obstruction before the
winter passes away, as the spores may be
In the ground and may begin growth be-
fore their presence is known, according to
the condition of development. While
some kinds of fruit may be treated with
the solution ,, used as prsventives as late
as May, yet the sooner spraying OF the
trees, vines and soil begins the better.
Science has made known that the dis
eases of fruit are really due to the ravsges
of minute microscopic organisms, which
affect nearly all varieties OF fruit, and IN
addition to this the destructive work of
vel-known insects must be prevented.
The grape is attacked by rot and mildew,
the pear is affected by two kinds OF blight,
apple scab destroys the apple, the tomato
is blighted, the rot attacks the white and
Bweet potato, and rus.s and smelts seem TO
have wide range. Should the plants es-
rape these pests the rose bug, potato
beetle, curculio. codling moth, currant
ready to rob the fruit grower OF his plants
and fruit, the only remedy in his power
being to begin early, and, by the use OF
fungicides and insecticides, keep his enc
mics In check. or possibly destroy them
The use OF the sprayer and tie applIca-
ton of the various remedies received gen.
eral attention last year, yet there are large
numbers OF fruit growers who have not
fully realized the Importance OF such
work while many who were willing to
adopt any method suggested. made the
mistake o. deferring the work until too
late in the season. To meet with COM
plets success, Il Is important that the
spores be destroyed before they find lodg-
nlent on tile plants. 81 the soil may be
fruitful source from which the spores
come Hence the best fruit growers spray
tie trees. vines and the soil also several
times before the blossoms appear and con-
tinue the work after each rain until dan
ger is over.
For convenient reference it Is not ont
OF place to give the formulas of the several
mixtures used By fruit growers and gar
deners, the mixtures always In soluuons)
being applied most frequently IL the form
of fine spray, with sprayer, several kinds
of which are now made for that purpose,
and which are conveniently handled by
Dne person.
Bordeaux M.xture-Sulphate OF copper
8 pounds, unsiaked lime Z pounds, water
20 gallons. Dissolve the suiphate in six
gallons OF boiling water, Stake the lime,
add it 10 the solution, anu then add the
remainder of the water. frequently stirring
during the time.
Eau Celeste Sulphaie OF copper, one
pound carbonate OF soda washing soda,
one pound liquor ammonia, SIX gil.s;
water, twenty gallons. Dissolve the sui
phate in one gallon OF boiling water. In
another vessel dissolve the soda in one
gallon OF water Pour ths two solutions
together, allow the mixture TO stand half
an hour and add the ammonia, stirring
well. Dilute with the remainder OF the
water.
London Purple and Paris Green These
mixtures are for insects. Use one ounce
of London purple ana two ounces OF I'M
slaked lime in ten gallons OF water, and
the same with paris green. The lime pre-
vents burning of the leaves.
Kerosene Emulsion Slice half a pound
OF hard soap in one gallon OF water. and
let il boil. Then add It 20 two gallons OF
kerosene lin another vessel away from
fire., egitatine this mix ure hrisklv for ten
minutes. When cold. q IS q cream or
Jelly and Is diluted with twelve gallons OF
Eate-
The first two mixtures are fUngicides
and the two latter are insectic des.