The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1892-07-10

ItR.tWN RAOhbh hub 1ts Nv
then that sovereign States could not secede
from the Perpetual Union" IT they chose 70
do so. 10 tho astonishingy false assertions OF
MOtley-'Ihe Constitution was not urhWn
~ by the States: IL was not pr0muigateeea
the name of the States; 1t was nov !at.ueo
sy the States; the States never acceue. ~ "a
Mr.. Greg replies with documentary TO
futations Of each and every assef,ion'
and then adds The language OF the reu-
eralist leaders cOntradicts MI Motley ~
sharply as II he had uttered his heresy ~ 'ne,i
presence In truth. his view was anucipn'ou
aud treated by both parties a. soinethlnE %
utterly outrageous that the possibility Oh suon
"A construction must condemn the conNentioh
md insure the rejection OF the Constitution.
Anti Federalists suggested that sonio o"S"
construction might OF would oe put upon ~.
Some even limited that 1t would ahofa eA. ..J
for acts ike those long Afterwards commute"
by Lincoln and Seward-coeTclon, INVASION
illegal or arbitrary arrests Inc au'V,
Gates OF the Constitution admitted that /;
it could fairly be so interpreted 1t stood
at once self-condemued. They passi0ha,,ey
denied that any honest man coulu thAo -hi'
Motiev's view With Hamilton al tneir heau:
thov insisted that ratification was the acl oI
tho States. each acting in It's sovereign char-
acter. They insisted in the strongest terms
on the doctrine of State sovereignty rlspeI
Ames and Gore. of Massachusetts,. repea1eu.s
ayerred that the Senate represented tue SOY
eTelEUtY OF the DlAltes 40
the quality of ambassadors OF the otates.
General Pinckney of South Carolina alone
presumed 10 question the sovereignty OF the
State. HIS State emphatcally reOuKeu lno
heresy by formally asserting that sovereignty
IN her final ratification
MISSOURI COMPROMISE.
Inregard 10 the Missouri compromise" Mr.;
Greg SAYS: Whatever the moral aspect OF
the question, whatever the change of feeling
and opinion. the Northern States had volun-
tarily and solemnly agreed TO place slavery
and freedom within the Union on footing or
perfect equality. They might. by dissolylng
the Union. renounco the obligation with all
the benefits hitherto enjoyed Ia consideration
thereof But thew could not, with
out obvious bad faith and breach of compact,
introduce a new test OF partnership.
The free States had no right. as against MIS-
souri,, TO impose q new anu unhesru OF
condition OF admittance. Inc oCuth
remembered. moreover, how loug the slave
trade had been carried on in Northern vessels
and with Northern capital how recent and
how questionable was this new profession OF
"a loltier morality. this appeal 70 law higher
thanthe Constitution. f~+ But the South was
partly bullied and partly cheated. Banned
Wearied and worn out. the South reluctantly
submitted 20 the sO-called compromise pro-
posed by Henry Clay. > . This was no com
promise. but the extortion. by naked force. OF
an enormous price for the allowance Of right
inlQuitOusy and uncOnsttutOnally withheld.
- Such WAS the sJ-cailed Missouri compro-
mise. the first of a long series OK compromises,
in all of which the South purchased over again
what was Already hers. while IN all the North
took credit for generosity or complained of
wrong because she yielded TO her partner
some small fraction of equal privilege and
common property, arTOgating the rest 70 her
self"
SLAVERY IL THE SOUTH.
If tue European public would read Mr..
| GTeg's admirable account of slavery IN the
! South they would gain very different idea
/ of that Institution from that TO be cleaned
/ from Uncle Toms Cabin and the fanatlcal
| twadde of men like William Lloyd Garrison
| and Wendell Phillips. Let the following eX-
! tract serve as a sample OF Mr.. Greg's view:
The contemporary warfare between capital
and free labor IN the North and In western
/ Europe presented "A spectacle alarming 10
/ statesmen and economists familiar with the
noise. conflict and turbulence OF free society
a spectacle simply hideous In the eyes of men
/ like Calhoun. Those were the days OF trades
/ union terrorism. of secret conspiracy and
assassination OF Misunderstanding and rick
| burning. of industrial Instruction and agra
! rian assassination.
Calhoun spoke the truth when he con-
/ trasted the peace and security OF the South
the smooth working Of her Institutions. the
material well-being of her aborers, above all.
/ the mutual good lection and kindness
! prevailing between master and hlave-Wltn
! the discomfort and sui ering, the physical az
| moral hardships of contemporary free labor
! in European countries and in Northern cities.
Supported by his master IN infancy,
/ in sickness and old age the slave was. as Car
lv,e said servant hired Tor lie. ana pald
throughout that life at far higher rate than
! the Irish potato grower or the kentish
mind. He received more than the Eu-
ropean peasant and did less than half
/ the work. His old age especially presented
/ TO that of the English laborer contrast al
which English society mightwell be ashamed
| 1t WAS TO him period OF peace, ease COM
/ tort and honor. No pauper's garb no pau
ter's fare no prisOn-like woTk-hOuse. no
separation from wife ana children awaited
| the last years OF the servant who could serve
| no longer. He occupied his cottage, ne
/ dashed in the sun, his grandchildren playing
around his knees. his gray hairs respected. his
/ in6rmities cared for. his temper and his Yani-
! ties humored.
The abuses of slavery were terrible. but
/ not more terrible and far less common than
! the barbarities to which the weak and help
| less are subject in the lower class OF all COM
munites. in the purlieux of.every civilization;
! The cruel master was a Tar less frequent and
/ not one whit more hateful character than the
/ grasplng landlord OF the city slums, the sell
/ fish employer. the brutal father. the drunken
+ husband the savage rufhan or LONDON courts
| and Manchester alleys"
Of the bred Scott case Mr.. Greg declares
that the decision of the Court was law. Just
AS the attainder Of Stradord was law tall re-
versed. But a majority Of the pc pie OF the
/ North as individuals. and the Republican
party as a party get the law at open defiance
/ The next Republican convention proclaimed
as a fundamental principle of It's policy the
! exclusion Of slaves from the Territories.
/ Within the Union. that Is. and while claiming
all its benefits. they declared themselves Ie-
solved to elect a President pledged, IN Gis-
regard of lis oath of office, 10 use the whole
power of the Federal Government 10 defeat
the law and nuliig the Constitution.
ION March @. 49, 9 the leader, # the Repub-
I lican party. backed 10y sxty-eight members OF
/ Congress, with Speaker Colfax at their head,
put forward on behalf of the party mani
festO the like whereof is only 10 be found IN
the annals of the Jacobin CLUB and the Com
mune.
The SOUTH GoADED TO RESISTANCE.
1T is a signal revelation of the political
/ morality. the constitutional LOYALTY, the re-
! gard r positive Obligations when charac-
| ter zed the Republicans oi the bOundless. IN
| examp.si yituperatiOn. the meuaces, outrages
/ ami insults which goaded the South TO fury;
/ which above all rendered sober discussion.
| COMPROMISE. confidence IN the most solemn
assurances henceforth impossible. such a
/ manifesto of itself proclaimed the ascendsncy
of It's authors and the maintenance OF the