New-York tribune., 1892-08-23
SCIENTISTS BACK AT WORK.
HEADING OF PAPERS RESUMED BEFORE
The SECTIONS.
ABSORPTION OF HEAT IN THE SOLAR ATMos'
PHERE-IMpLENENTs FOUND IN INNAN
MoUNps-EsSAYS by OFFICIALS OF
THE AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT.
fKrBCNkf
uY rsLEoRArH 10 THE IxrBuNEf

rSY TsLEonArH THE IxrBuNEf
Rochester. N. Y. Aug. 22.-The reading OF papers
was resumed to-day In the varlons secuohs Vi 'o
American Association for the Advancement OF ecehce
Arrangements were also made on Recommendation VI
the connc for representation Of the sew
eal sections by committees 20 Cooperate
with other associations. and With the general cou'
mttee at the Worlds Columbian Exposition next year
The committee appointed at the Washington heeN"s
OF the Association to consider and report upon "'s
proposed investigation Of possible secular onshges %
terrestrial laitndes reported that difference 'f
opinion existed among the committee MS te whehef
fhrre are any such changes, and also rs 10 the aa
Visibility Of undertaking so expensive WsH' 'n'o''
ing besides other things. the erection OF al oosel~
tory I'm Eastern Asia Edwin b. Frost read oelere "9
Astronomical section q valuable paper on lherh"'
Absorption In the Solar Atmosphere Among '"e
interesting phenomena observed were some cases "here
the umbra Of SPOTS radiated more heat than tue
neigbkoring photOsphere, indicating either that ue
dark spot is at a higher elevation than the surro"h"
ing photosphere and consequently loses less neat ny
absorption OF the suns atmosphere, or That II Is ht
tended by Invisible facula
In the section OF anthropology Permanent secretary
" w. Putnam gave interesting talk on "Coppcl
ymplements and Ornaments In the Ohio Mounds
lie emphaticaly denied the statements tiat theee
COPPER Instruments were fashioned oy whe "'oh s"'
given 20 the Indians In trade. " IL must be, sau NV
"that these implements were MADE by ''e h""'o
ments are found these mounds there are fodid as'
on the affairs nuggets Of copper. 80 II IS VIII" ''e
silver implements and those made o. met~orIc irOh'
Now is 1t likely that the trader woula niTi.sn u"
Indian with nuggets OF the natural material lheIe
concueye proof that fe original settlers oi the ONO
VALLEY worked the metal into these implements ana
ornaments Again, many OF these mounds nave trees
growing ON them that are between 400 ard 900 years
Aid Tms carries them back beyond the time OF
trading" Professor Putnam explained that hos cou'a
he cut IN the sheet copper which had been hainc'cu
out BY the Indian by simply placing the shee' VI
copper on the trunk of a tree and ponnd'h2 ih'o "
one end of an oak limb squared lie WAS uhapie 10
describe the probable adopted by the Indians III
cutting edges shaped like the teeth Of saw oH
thought II was done by the use OF an instrument mace
OF meteoric iron
Professor ". J. McGee read paper on 'ohi-
parstivs Chronology" In which he attempted 10 cor
relate coSmc cycles with terrestrial Phc'o"e"'' N
ing much stress on the Platonc year cycie oi
26,6e5 years. He believes that only ''loo years
have elapsed since the close OF the gaciai ePoon'
which itself continued only 7,s0O years, whereas
the cenozoic age had duration Of 90Oooooo ana 'he
entre duration Of life the earth OF looOoooo'oVV
years. This is $50 times as long as physicists allow
for the entire existence OF the earth but PROFESSOR
Mc;ee admits that these figures may be 100 or even
1000 times too large. The existence OF man OH ''
earth he thinks, cannot exceed lo.Ooo 10 ZV'oVV
years. In discussing this paper Dr. Lecor'e sal"
that should distinguish petN'en W"h "s 'P'''''
and man as a genus. Doubtless the human genus
.xs,ed long before the present species was evolved
Rsfore the Biological section DR.. e. W. Stiles. OF
the Department Of Agriculture. read an e&hadsu'e
psper on the tapeworms found In cattle ana sheep
q v Riley read a paper Fertilization OF IN.
Fig and Caprfcation" In the production OF the BEST
smyrna rgs certain minute insects perform al esseh'a
function Ia fructfying the hg This process Is c'eu
.caprihcat,On aud has been performed by The ald o
Hr growers ever since the time OF Aristotle The cnh
yator Is accustomed at certain season 10 place u'e
fruit OF the "caprhg." which contains THESE insects
on the ng tree which contains the edible ng' Inc
,apr,ne does indeed produce ng but 1t rs small ana
insip,d The tree which produces the edible hg ooes
not yield fruit Of fine flavor unless II Is thus fT1eo
nv the aid OF these insects the scientific name OF whch
Is Blastopha1a psenes. The absence OF theee eAp"e
the inspidky OF figs raised In California Ihe'e are
indeed a dozen species Of Blasophagne iouhu III
America but 1t is improbable that any one OF them Is
sdupted TO the fertilization OF the Smyrna hg which
growers there are trying to cultivate. Inc capri
Zig however Is already well established. and the
desideratum to be to introduce the Insects
This Professor Riley thinks can be done by gathering
porting 10 California which, lie urges, should be
Undertaken by the Government. An attempt was
Ss last .'s r The @ SnR Containing
gathered SMYRNA IN The 1 last DAYS o. s snS rs
but 1t Is not known whether the experiment was sue
cessful. r, coo,,.o =,
nuence of Odor and Color OF Flowers In Attracting
inserts" wa, read by George Sudworth. The author
called attention 10 supposed evolution from low
10 a high grade In the colOrs OF flowers, ranging
from the simplest yellow TO white. pink. red and
the most perfect color. blue" lie described expert.
ments seeming to prove that nectsr-gatherng isecs
of higher orders such honey bees. show
preference for the higher grade flowers. He believed
color. however. to have less influence than Odor on
insects Honey bees work upon syrup scented with
an artificial sweet odor, such as anise, but refuse
TO take the syrup when not scented.
Al the evening session G.. X. Gilbert. President OF
the Geological Society OF America delivered lecture
on "Coon Butte and Theories Of It's Origin"
a.. APPIBFyTJY THE MESSAGE WAS TWISTED