New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-08-16
SCOTLAND AND AMERICA.
HOW THE M,KINLEY ACT, AFFECTS THEM.
INTERESTING FACTS SET FORTH By, WALLACE


BRUCE. us. CONSUL At EpIrDuRsh.
wallace Bruce. United states Consul at Edinorrsh
arrived In New-York by the Furnessia on sunday.
He vas ACCOMPANIED by his wifs and children, ana was
In the best ofshahlth and spirits This is MS hfs'
visit home sHc@ ne sr~eeived his consular appoint
u,enA three yeal4 ago.. and during his residence 10
scotland he has had exceptional opportunities 70
study the effects OF the Mckinley tariff abroad aho
TO compare the condition Of ,tlesworkngmen OF the
United States with those Of other countries
Edinburgh Is the prettest city In Europe and there
are no people thar the Scotch, SAID MT. bruoc
TO Tribune reporter yesterday. There Is strong
undercurrent Of good will for America and the Amer
cans there, although the protective tariff OF the
United States Is bitterly denounced. McKinley's
name is better known throughout Great Britain than
that Of any other think His political fortunes are
regarded Is an index Of the opinion Of the people oil
the United states In regard to protection. so when
be was defeated for Congress by means OF Demo
cratic gerry mander the British were greatly elateo
believing that free-trade was soon to set In
His triumphant election Governor OF OHIO was
q surprise and q shock to them. II was regarded as
an emphatic Endorsement Of Protection and an fndi'
tca{yos- that the Mckinley act had come 10 stay.
Thp present election win decide the fate Of many IN
Austries in England and Scotland The people there
are waiting and hoping that the Free Trade party here
w1n come 10 power and open up the markets Of the
United States Many manufacturers are doing Dusi'
ness no profit. or even on losing basis hoping
for change soon, but If the Protection party remains
In power. they talk OF moving their plants to the
United States.
81 have here a pamphlet published In London CIV
ing detailed statement Of the exports from England
to the United states for the quarters ending Decem-
Der i, $780, and December 1, 1901. BY comparison
yot will that the export OF many OF the most
useful articles Of everyday life has decreased con-
siderably. For instance, the decrease In the value
OF carpets exported Is 100000; the decrease In
hemp fax and tow Is $4,000 In metals. Iron and
steel and the articles manufactured from them the
decrease Is 1881, Coo wearing apparel goes down
R35 600: and the decrease In the value Of tin ex
ported reaches the enormous figure OF $4,l13,OOO
These figures are for three months only and you must
multiply them by four to get the annual decrease
approximately. The American markets are being
s,lpplied with these articles and more by home
industries. England has less ground for complaint
thar. she generally supposes however, ior tnere "
been marked increase In the export OF arucies nus
produced this country which the tarin was 'aAel
of BY the Mckinley act. Leaving t1n-pate one Oh
the nrncp,e industries affected out Of the question:
there has been slight total increase OF exports
These facts 20 To show that under the protective
tariff the people OF America are producing con
SANITY increasing proportion Of the articles they neeu
and also that they afford to buy abroad IN IN
creasing amounts commodities which u Is ho' P'ao-
ticsble TO produce at home.'
"What are the principal exports to the Uni'eu suites
from your consular district" was asked.
awoollen goods, tweeds and knit GOODS are the
n,,.ncips, manufactured articles l have talked with
several woollen manufacturers In my district ana tne!
saw that the United States is now making In Boston
and elsewhere good tweeds as are manuiac'areo ~
scotland Tfnplate Is not produced In my district, Out
have talked with manufacturers and dealers In tin
who say that the best worfmcn are coming to tne
United States and i know, personally, OF one u'n
that was transferred bodily employers, employees anu
all. -.
1.-THE difference in the cost Of production In tfrcat
Britain and In the United States Is simply inc u"er
ence in the cost OF labor. With hardly an eAcep'
ton workmen In scotland get but fraction OF "hat
,s maid here for the same amount OF labor Inc 10"
scale OF wages does not apply alone to the man
uacturng industries though these are of'enest quo'u
Drivers and conductors In Edinburgh get but 90 10 90
per week. Farm hands get 81 30 TO Slo month"; a'u
dairymen the same, and their working days is's ir
4 in the morning till Mt night Clerk hire OF young
man, even after they have served apprenticeship for
SEVERAL years. Is 81 to 60 per week. less than hall the
waxAs paid for tho same labor in the United states
Ssfiow about the relative cost OF hvlng''
y Wlt is mistaken idea that 1t costs more to i've
= N ofhe United States than In Europe nave hVeu
= INN my family at home and abroad. ala our cA'
nerenco proves everything cheaper IN cities Oh COT
responding Size in 'heaUntcd States except ohiy inc
a& of sereice house servants receiving double tne
wages here that they get in Great Britain. during
the last three years have visited the best ho'es ~
France switzerland. Italy. Germany and England anu
found the rates higher than in corresponding ho'eis
in tho United States. The standard Oh living III
scotland among working classes. is far below that
Of the United States yet 1t takes all the poor man can
earn and ordinarily he has nothing left over OF the
ea,d Of the week Here and there frugal Iam'iy'
Wing In the simplest way may be aoie 70 save
little year by year. AS general thihe' ho"eVer
The working people do not expect TO DC any oe'.r
OF Mt the end OF the year than at the beginning AN
rk,StyeA cost OF articles at home and abroad Inc
. ouestion OF cheap clothing came up, ana several
uentiemen we're exhibiting bargains suits they had
, boss,ght abroad for s25 and $50, when New-iork
gentleman stepped up and showed US his own SUIT
hettcr fitted and Of better material, which he had
worn for two years, and had bought In New-f0k Tor
sl5." -.
tention In Scotland7'
at Is the one topic of conversation that is upon
everybodys lips. and Its principal effect has seemed
,o be to inform the laborine that even dissatisfied
.,snan in the United states receive more than
twice as much per day corresponding workmen In
scoanS there been as many strikes in Great Britain
aMore by actual count. The most disastrous one
The light lasted many weeks. and after much s1he hs
ng the were Obliged 10 return 70 Mo,A a' n ia
ns w ssSe work. heTe The adherence
capital and labor Is much greater gree IN 1rea rr eet
ErSer proportion Of the profits then In the United
states and hence the British laborers have greater
is there any considerable opposition to free trade
In Englandw 49,. an an. mar,
of the people generally there Is growing sentiment
in favor OF what they call fair trade as . seas H
fra trade The proposition Is TO admit free 1000 ano
raw materials which England cannot produce, ana 10
adopt protective system with regard TO other Things
Germany has already lesscned Great Britalns 10Y
trade and encrOached upon her cutlery; There Is q
cheaper labor behind even the cheap labor OF Eng
iish statesmen are beginning to recognize THIS ana
several public men have recently thrown out remarks
upon the subject which are regarded as eeiers "
arouse and test public opinion" 40 ,,,,.,
"Win Scotland make q good exhibits at the Worid's
fairin 49,. ,...s =. .,. Nc
Kinley that they did not propose at nrs LILO 10