The Dalles times-mountaineer. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1882-1904, 1892-05-21

Mr.. A. Cameron favored the institute
with solo with quartet chorus, "Sun-
shine ever Follows Rain" MIR. Cameron is
an excellent singer, and did himself, the
subject, and occasion justice at this time.
The subject "Industrial Education" was
assigned Mr.. Wallace Nash, who was un.
able to be present in person. but he pre-
pared an excellent paper which was read BY
Prot. French. Mr.. Nash at some length
showed the urgent need of industrial
schools, such schools as would fit one for
the active duties OF life. He compared the
average school with the kindergarten
showing the latter to produce far the best
results With a glowing tribute to the
agricultural college at Corvallis, he closed
one of the ablest essays of the institute.
An interesting discussion followed, re.
sulting in considerable profit and not a
little merriment.
Song, beautiful River of Time, by the
choir.
Mrs. L. Garfield then read an essay high
ly creditable to herself and most satisfac-
tory to the institute upon the subject,
"Odds and Ends" She dwelt at some
length upon the little things, the odds and
ends upon the farm. She thought every
member of the household should be taught
lessons of industry and economy; that
every farmers girl should be able to milk
and every farmers hoy to cook and wash
dishes. She spoke of the effect OF the
moons phases upon the various operations
of the farm; showed the origin of many of
the odd notions and traditions of the pres
ent; she showed how farmers had turned
over the operation of government and other
of most important duties to others and the
evil results thereof. Quoted from speech
of T. T. Geer, in which the evils alluded to
were designed by God and could not be
changed and closed with an eloquent appeal
for 'God, Home and Native Land" Sne
was loudly applauded.
Prof. French then made short address
in which he showed how farmers should be
most benefited by the experiment station.
Showed at some length the various benefits
In way of analyzing soils, publishing bulle-
tins, ex experimenting with various soils, prod
ucts, and grasses to find best conditions for
farming. The experiment station is doing
grand and good work.
This closed the first days proceedings of
the institute. REPORTER.
WAsco, Or, May 16, 1899.
Editor TIMES -MoUNTAINEER:
We will take up our report of the
Farmers Institute where we left it IN our
lasl contribution: Called to order May
18Th, at 10 A. M. The programme opened
with music by the choir--full chorus
"Faitb, Hope, Charity and Fidelity" !"
Mr.. Frank Lee then read an excellent
paper upon Business Methods of the
Farmers He alluded to the fact that
farmers were, as rule, not accustomed
to business methods, and showed that by
careless methods and bad management
farmers lose about twenty-five per cent,
and that Notwithstanding this heavy loss
many succeed. He made very pointed
illustration by comparing ensiiage with
ordinary feed.
He referred to q certain transaction In
Portland wherein extra appearing rolls of
butter were found to be filled with pota-
toes and condemned such methods as
being not only dishonest but most
unwise.
He said farmers should have book,
and during the long evenings and idle
days IN winter should map out their
work for whole year and then work ac-
cordingly, and should make and keep
notes of all important dates and events
so that comparison could be made of
results obtained under different condl-
tlons. He favored the. cash system; !;
believed it was best to borrow money in
order to make purchases for cash; con-
demned the idea of many men, wholly
unfit, buying expensive machinery and
involving themselves hopelessly; con-
demned the custom of allowing machin-
erv to stand in the weather, and urged
the necessity of putting 1t in the shed as
soon as through with. Said method and
regularity should be impressed upon
minds of farmers, and showed very forcl-
bly, bow that would tighten the burdens
of the housewife, and, in very fitting
terms showed how all them combine to
make life and home contented, prosperous
and happy.
The subject being declared open for
discussion, many persons took part, and
resulted in many practical thoughts and
suggestions and considerable merriment.
Jas. McMillin might be called the "fuDny
man of the institute"
Mrs. Hattie Andrews then read we'll
prepared and tersefy wrlttenNpaper upon
allow to hghten the labors of farmers
wife," She suggested that the husband
should rise early, build fire, fill tea
kettle, see that WATERFALL was filled, wash
and put on the potatoes, and then
awaken his wife. She would prepare
the breakfast, meanwhile husband should
prepare plenty OF wood for the day. She
mildly hinted to the bachelors they we're
the architects of their own fortunes, and
that such mode of life was not necessary.
Thought it would be we'll to turn all
surplus cash over to the wife for safe.
keeping. Neither husband or wife should
be arbitrary, but each should be a full
and complete belpmeet to the other. The
paper closed with very pretty little
poem showing the mutual duties and re
lations between husband and wife. The
discussion of this topic produced much
merriment.
Next on the programme was music, and
a male quartet. ~rhe Nightingale, was
rendered satisfactorily by Messrs. Cam
eron, Brock. Bright and Dennison.
First, prevention of Insect Injury
and second, Beneficial Insects" were
then ably discussed by Prof. F. L. Wash.
burne. Mr.. Washburne says farmers
should study the insect pests and famil-
iarize himself with his enemy. Urged
farmers and fruit growers to spray their
trees Only valuable trees should be
raised. Keep orchards purged of all
refuse, dead limbs, etc. He also gave
some valuable instruction relative to cut
worms, ~ireworms and other pests.
Thought they could be caught by potato
bait and killed in gardens; starving them
out was most effective on,fsrm, in wheat
fields. etc. Potash salt is also an effective
remedy and costs very light. As to
poultry, said houses should be kept
clean, should be thoroughly renovated
with kerosene emulsion and whitewashed
once each year. Give chickens plenty
of ashes and dust in which to wallow
and dust themselves and vermin will not
bother them. The many suggestions
were very practical and will no doubt be
Uall oheervad hv th0ea who heard thau