Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-12-07

have been concluded since my last annua
message. Under these trade arrangement.
free or favored admission has been secured
in every case for an important list of Ameri.
can products. Especial care has been taker
to secure markets for farm products in order
to relieve that great underlying industry o.
the depression which the lack of an ade
quate foreign market for our surplus often
brings An opening has also been made fol
manufactured products that will undoubt
edly, if this policy is maintained, greatly
augment our export trade.
The full benefits of these arrangements
cannot be realized instantly. New lines oi
trade are to be opened. The commercial trav-
eler must survey the field. The manufact-
urer must adapt his goods to the new mar
kets and facilities for exchange must be
established. ~
New Fields Are Being Opened.
This work has been we'll begun, our mer-
chants and manufacturers have entered the
rev fields with courage and enterprise In
the case of food products, and especially
with Cuba, the trade did not need to wait,
and the immediate results have been most
gratifying If this policy and these trade
arrangements can be continued in
force and aided by the establish
ment of American steamship lines
do not doubt that we shall, within
short period, secure fully one-third of the
total trade of the countries of Central and
South America, which now amounts to
about $500, ,000, 900 annually. In 1886 we
had only per cent of this trade.
The following statistics show the increase
in our trade with the countries with which
we have reciprocal trade agreements from
the date when such agreements went into
effect up to September 80, 1892, the increase
being in some almost wholly and in others
in an important degree the result of these
agreements
The domestic exports to Germany and
Austria Hungary have increased in value
from 47 ,673, ,756 to S57, 993, O64, an incre ase
of SIC, 219, 1908, or 2163 per cent With
American countries the value of our ex-
ports has increased from S44, 100, 2S5 to $54,-
613, ,59S, an increase of SO, ,453, ,313, or 2367
per cent The total increase in the value
of exports to all the countries with which
We have reciprocity agreements has been
$50, ,772,621
The Lines Most Benefited.
This increase is chiefly in wheat, -four,
meat and dairy products, and in manufact-
ures of iron and steel and lumber. There
has been large increase in the value of
imports from all these countries since the
commercial agreements went into effect,
amounting to S74, 294, 525, but it has been
entirely In imports from the American
countries, consisting mostly of sugar, coffee,
India rubber and crude drugs The
alarmed attention of our European COM
petitors for the South American market
has been attracted to this new American
policy, and to our acquisition and their
loss of South American trade.
A treaty providing for the arbitration of
the dispute between Great Britain and the
United States as to the killing of seals in
the Bering Sea was concluded on February
90 last. This treaty was accompanied by an
agreement prohibiting pelagic sealing
pending the arbitration, and q vigorous ef-
fort was made during this season to drive
out all poaching sealers from the Bering
Sea Six naval vessels, three revenue out
ters and one vessel from the Fish Commits
sion, all under the command of Commander
Evans, of the navy, were sent into the sea,
which was systematically patrolled. Some
seizures were made, and it is believed that
the catch in the Berlng Sea by poachers
to less than 500 seals.
Where Seals We're Slaughtered.
1t is true, however. that in the North Pa
cifc, while the seal herds were on their
way to the passes between the Aleutian Isl
ands, very large number, probably 81, 900,
we're taken. The existing statutes of the |
United States do not restrain our citizens |
rom taking seals in the Pacific Ocean, and |
perhaps should not, unless the prohibition |
,an be extended to the citizens of other ma |
ions
L recommend that power be given to the |
President, by proclamation, to prohibit the |
taking of seals in the North Pacific by |
American vessels, in case, either as the re- |
suit of the findings of the tribunal of arbi- |
ration or otherwise, the restraints can be |
applied to the vessels of all countries. The |
,ase of the United States for the tribunal |
If arbitration has been prepared with great
are and industry by the Hon. John w.
Foster, and the counsel who represent this
express confidence that a re-
ult substantially establishing our claims
md preserving this great industry for the
benefit of all nations will be attained.
During the past year, 8 suggestion was
eceived through the British Minister that
he Canadian Government would like to
,onier as the possibility of enlarging, upon
erms of mutual advantage, the commercial
exchanges of Canada and of the United
States, and conference was held at WASH
ngton, with Mr. Blaine acting for this
and the British Minister at
his capital and three members of the Do
ninion Cabinet, acting as commissioners on |
he part of Great Britain.
No Agreement With Canada.
The conference developed the fact that
he Canadian Government was onlv pre-
Jared to offer to the United States in ex-
hange for the concession asked the admis-
ion of natural products. The statement
vas frankly made that favored rates could
lot be given to the United States as against
he mother country. This admission, which
vas foreseen, necessarily terminated the
conference upon this question. The bene-
its of an exchange of natural products
would be almost wholly with the people of
canada.
Some other topics of interest were con-
idered in the conference and have
esulted In the making of q con-
-ention for examining the Alaskan
boundary and the waters of Passamaquoddy
Bay adjacent to Eastport, Me-, and in the
of an, arrangement fer the pro-
ection of fish life in the coterminous and
leighboring waters of our Northern border.
The controversy as to tolls upon the
Velland Canal, which was presented to
congress at the last session by special
Message, having failed of adjustment, L felt
to exercise the authority con-
erred BY the act of July 26, 1892, and to
proclaim a suspension of the free use of st.
dary's Falls Canal to cargoes in transit to
'orts In Canada. The Secretary of the
Treasury established such tolls as were
Injustly levied upon our commerce in the
canadian canals.
Our Northern NeIghbors Unfriendly.