davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

msw Tsrs Rspsssss.ns censuss Aseas
the Legislative. Outrage.
Nrw Icsx, Dec. 3l.--rhe republicans
Of New York are holding combinations.
Senator Hcock voiced their senti-
rnenss when ne said tonight as the Fifth
Avenue hotel: "It 10 wrong; q mon
s,rous wrong which can NOT b toss-
rated -
To this end there wAs . meeting Of
shs republican leaders Of the state ~.
night. IL wss held 50 the Fifth Avenue
hotel. Those present we're: Senssor
Hisecck and ex-senato,s Piars ard
Warner MIlser. Collector Hendricks
Channeey NJ Derev, Chairman Of Tire
R<puhiicau STATE COMMITTEES BrooH flsid
ard colcnel sieorxs Bl1a ard Josfph
thosfe - counsel.
The subject vss dirassRd tn al it,
hearings. and the future acton OF the
republican patty VS. ea<sfuiiy mapped
eut jas* WAT ~ili be dens none 81
taose rrssent wsud cay. but AL vsrs
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01
pr.inx AT Hcnn

1t is quite the proper thing for ladies
TO do their own dyelng, now that DIAM
oad Dyes have made home dyeing such
easy and satisfactory work. Beautiful
shades of dark wine, crimson, seal
brown, bottle green. and other fashion
able colors are made easily with these
dyes. and the old thus becomes new at
the cost OF but few cents.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

There will be o pool tournament at
the Livingston billiard and pool parlors,
commencing January 8, 1892, open to
the amateurs of this city. There are a
great many fine pool players n Grand
Rapids which this tournament will call
out, and . very interesting series OF
games may be expected.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

The best salve in the world for cuts,
bruises, sores, ulcers. salt rheum. fever
sores. letter, chapped hands, chilblains,
corns and all skin eruptions, and posi-
lively cures piles, or no pay required.
1t is guaranteed TO give perfect satisfac-
ton or money refunded. Price 25 cents
per box. For sale by Peck Bros, drug
glsts, ocrner Monroe and Divsion-sts.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01
TRKAsunrR-s NOTICE.
citx Treasnrer.. nre.

City Treasurer's cfsce.
Graad Rapids. Hch-. Elsc. 10. 1851.
Notice IL hereby given thrt fts assessment
rols let the construction ~ sryFer ga Ssuth
Lafayette street iron East Fulton
street 10 Washington street IA the
city OF 8raue Rapids Is rev
in nv hsnss. snd fhss win re
ceive payment thereon for fhe period Of
twenty DAYS fresn this date. ct she o,sice OF
~ w WILLIAM BAKF
3Aa.s city Treasurer.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

Nowhere in the city can q larger
stock in his line of goods be found
than at the popular music house Of
Julius A. ]. Friedrich, Nos. 80 and 81
Canal street.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

For the freshest of oysters and fish.
go to Dettenthslez's, No. III Monroe
street.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

MRs. WIyuow's SOOTHING EYRuP has been used
for children tceshipg. It soothcs the cnlld
softePs tho gums. aliays all pain. cur6A wind
Twenty-Five cents bottle.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

Every .ack of LILY WHITE FLOUR
has . picture of our mill. None genuine
without it. VALLEY CITY MILLING Co.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

CITY fTeasaref's 0nrea
erase Rapids Eich be-. j.. fsef
Sefiee - hsress gwen thar fhe assessment
frors ssstA ffenr streef ~ Asrfef
street. IN the etsv q Grkna Espi4s 8 N rrv
hsa4s, ara thai VII fsresve ssyrrsnf fh~re.
ca fef th> period 81 t%sffs tzFs frarn tlsis
este. ~ TIE sfses sf taA1sty srsnxarss. city
fhh
WILLIAM FaKs.
a<tt civ Treasurer.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

Ifyou always iasist upon having ALL
cocks Porous Plasters and never accept
. substitute, you will not be disappoint-
ed.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

New three crown muscatel raisins,
pounds for 25 cents xt Killean's
grocery.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

- reeeise6 hs fae unasFxfEes "a % q aae
inn+0afax tfss 3SA dxs ~ 5faEaFg. 49, Ess tht
Lnyrhsee 81 THE counfs pneperfs ssrHef Of
htAt srs Lven sfresfs tnelH4ing bHsiaings
fher<en. foss~sxos o. - silva "a the corp
p3fttaa ~ tie beN eoHTt tnHse al SIS o.
snfnhcs hS tie sewers csiaxs me ais
The Bears - ssrsyslsofs reserve TIE yishf
- refecf txs - III ftds
ChssLfa II. ssRastsA
f-e-st thx5susnsf csns itfes
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01
Union Credit Co.

We want your collections. Satisfac.
ton guaranteed at reasonable rates.
GIVE US trial.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

Pop corn only Is cents per peck at
Killean's grocery.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01
LEGAL ADVERTISING.
NOTICE.
ATTENTION.
Br,Lprrs' oyvrcs

IriLDFEs' UvTfCH
Or THE IoARp or EpvcAuov.
Grand Rapids. Mich. Dec. n. 1901.
Sealed proposals wiitbe received at the Of
fee of the secretary. city Hall. until p. M.
January Ia. l5,sl. FOR the CON plrtion ~ the new
High school building on Ransom street. &C.
cordinH to plans ana specifications made bv
W. g.. Robinson. architect. Piass and sleci-
hca;iens VIII be found at the orice OF tue sec
rstarv st the Doard rooms. City Hall. Kids
mus; Re accompanied by certified check of 500.
The board reserve the right to reject any and
all bids
I'd. BRADFTELp,
Chairman Committee of Buildings.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01
CHICAGO NOV. Is 1871
AND wssr u,outo.. ..x


Ge1NG TO CHICAGO.
Lv. GRID RAPIDs.-s:o0 am laos pm siI .xpr
AZ. Sh h'SA0o.----------ssa5 phi SIS pm s7.O6am
hErURNING FROM CHICAGO.
Lv. CHICAGO .----..s: 90 an <:l5 pm sfI :lspn
Ar. ohD hAPIDs.-3;b5 pun 1910 pm s6;i0sm
TO AND IRON EKxrox BARsoK. ST. Josxrn Axp m.
DIAkArotis.
~. Grand RaDids-.9 90 am ie.fS pm ell :s5pu
al. ornnd Rapids S:l0 2m s:55 pm lQ.lOpU
FOR lndtapapolis l2sl6 p m only
zoAND FRcx nrsxEGox.
Ly. @. r. 0:oo am l2sn5 pm $50 pm en- m
Ar q. r.. iO:55 an S;55 I'm 5.2S pm -
TO AND FROM rASIszkx AND rKAvrxsx c1rr.
~. tana ~ taplaS---.-.-.....--. Is am Sill pu
At. orAnu rap lds-----.........u:4 AS ain $50 pnf
THROUGH CAR SERVICE.
Between Grand Rs2lcs and Chiczre-.w asns,
SieepeTs--Leave Grand Rapids Ills ~ m,
leave Chieaso li:l5 y. M Drawing Room Car
Leave 6rand Rapids l2so5 p. M; leave Chi.
cago 4.45 pm. Free Chair Cary-Leaye Grnnd
Rapids 500 An. cave Chicago 30 an.
Between Grand Rapids and Maaissee-rr><
Chair Cxr-Leayes Grand Rapics 5:l7 nm
leaves Aanistse ESQ an.
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01

TRAIN TIME IABLE4
--~-~--<---s------.--
GRAkD RAPIps 4 IxDIANA RArLnoAD
" Schedule - eEec1 DecsAssr IL l0i.
ssAzx eezxs sokra-
A. s.a,s irs. tsssss
Per ssxiass sse osatliae sissu s6ss
Fer Esssrss csu sns
fsr ss s.s.ss. Ii,,sI'iIis.s sas sTssss.s 'sss ns
fsr pssszkss sas Nssss "
Frsla K.laaazss asx oas-
frsia srrissnS 81 s:s a ~ es.,y; ess~
trains dAliy except snndsy.
skAExs eszss ssrra
4, sai,s r.. Is;s:'ssa .,:s
Tor Kalamazoo ShicAxo nXs1
t9r tor; hssns &ad the
For clnsassti-..---~-- lI..'.....--...-- $50 -.
80. ~ S1ls@-e --.s-----.-s-~ lpstpm al0pn
Ira i1aa. az .sss.as .sI al sss n = .sl Hsp.ru
oS1is. All sihsf traits cssiy cxcept ealAsy-
Mashsssn. CRANE HApids . fsatsas.
fss,s ffca = sasssssn- =. sss nj. Y sn-sxps
sLESffxs AsD PARtos c4s sEsvzos-
Norsh-ii ~ n train has PArier Chair Ca
- 81 II trxiE has s.s~siEx ears s5rsrd Ks,.
idr 10 Pctcskey ana Nsekansw
r ssafs-, ~ = =. tssia has fsrisr Car Gnal
y = . gssia has Wagner P.rlsr Car araas
90 , : tFass has v asasr Sleeping Gar ersm
iiW ? N tr.sn has wks.sr sleeping Co
Srsaa Rapids q chicAsa
CHICAGO VIA c. R.&L
I've or.nd kapids Mss N soS pn uepu
III Us Train s.. isse@ss s'kn sSs ss:;s:
eas.. ca. ase II % N train dals. through wags9
I've aIcsgo.--.-.-7S soym pmrn
Arr eF'd k......-..-ss, sm sSpm sssm
80 ~ trxin fhreash w.gnsr pariar ear
lo - ? m train. asi.s. through Wagner sleep
faroush tickets ana tail insormassou can bs
asS ~ es .eoa 4 wA~asss ~sar.ss csss ssss!
AGENT & Monroe-st.. Grand Rxpids Mica.
c.L LoEwoor. Gen. Pssa Agent
LAKE SHORE 4 MICHIGAN soUrHgRHs
- In effect 4sst. IS. 1881.
Depot. Vet fuitsn street.
> ExprssA
Us .7l3-Lv-.-. Grand Raplds.---Ar- 80 sH
~ u ito-Ar.-.--Whitc Pigeon t5l az
10 IL l5..Ar------Eikhsr.-. is
:sT L 5-Ar.-.... South Bena---. Ar ! IS 10.
:o5 -Ar----.-.- caIeaxo sn
ltss ao-Ar.--.--...IOlsao-..----Lv-ne ss
ix 55a-Ar....---cleve,And.. .....-..Lv-e ta
tO 10 c31-Ar.-.---..Baralo.-...- 81 lI5l Il q
4 lac Lake SHORE VIA Cleveland In conn ect,os
With the Erie and p. AID l. Z. T. RS forms tas
quickest Ana most direct route 20 fifssburg.
A j. SAITH.
g. 7. d p. A.. clevesan1.o
g. 6. 2oaEsk. Ticker Asenf. Depot.
Jas CAnrAELI. CITY Az L q Mc.r3e-nf
Telegram-herald., 1892-01-01
IAKs SHORE { MICHIGAN soUTHEaai

le lake SHORE VIA Cleveland In connect,
With the Erie and y. AID l. Z. Y. RS forms tas
quickest And mos, direct route 20 Plffsburg.
-. nHrrH
g. I. a p. A.. Cleve.ani0 q
z. 3. soaEss Ticker Afenf Depot.
JAS CAhrAELL. Citv AZ L . AezsoeSI
Evening journal., 1892-07-27
POWER OF THELOBB
HOW AN IMPORTANT BILL WAS
PUSHED THROUGH CONGRESS.

Robert Graves Contrasts Latter Day Lob
bying with the style Formerly In Vogue.
McGarrahan's Claim Laziness and self
ishness the Chief Congressional Vices.
Especial Corrospondencel
WASHINGTON, July Give are at the
end of the first session of the Fifty-second
congress. Every congress, every session Of
congress, has its secret history, and this
one IS no exception TO the rule. There are
many things about this session which
would like TO tell but dare not, for l should
be sure TO give offense in one direction or
another. There are men whom / should
like TO denounce for their demagogy, their
laziness, their indifference TO public wei
fare, their narrowness, their selllshuess.
Probably the two greatest faults of our
public men are laziness and selhshness.
ruption-direct, unmistakable dishon-
esty-is happily rare in congress / often
think the public has a mistaken notion
concerning the corruption which is popu-
larly supposed TO exist in high places.
Probably if the innermost secrets OF this
session Of congress were laid bare not oue
case would appear OF n member or senator
actually taking direct bribe. Only few
days ago n bill was passed which was
worth SS,0O0,00O to one man. i speak
Of poor old Billy McGarrahan, OF whose
good fortune after more than thirty years
Of poverty and struggle you have doubtless
read something in the telegraphic dis
patches. But perhaps you do not know
that when congress passed the bill refer
ring his claim to the court Of claims il not
only placed s3,0O0,000 in his pocket, but
100000 in the pocket of man who is
known rs a lobbyist, and who makes no
secret of his connection with the MeGarra-
han bill
Inasmuch as this case gives rs an insight
into the character and methods of modern
lobbyists, will tell you something about
It. McGarrahan has been here almost a
Evening journal., 1892-07-27
Ispeclal Correspondence.l

third Of n century,
trying TO get jus
tice from congress.
Repeatedly his
bill has passed one
or the other house,
but it has never
before passed both
in one congress.
There has been no
doubt all these
years Of the jus
tice Of his claim.
Committee after
com mmittee has
Evening journal., 1892-07-27

Vice. President Morton's daughters
take an active interest in Sunday schools
and are particularly useful in the relig-
ious and educational work Of their
church at Rhinebeck
Evening journal., 1892-07-27

Miss stoweI, Of Melbourne. and Miss
Abbott. Of England. have carried of the
highest honors in the Cambridge exam
nations. coming out equally with the
men Of the FIRST class, first division.
Evening journal., 1892-07-27
NoTEs ARouT WOMEN.

Hints of Their Doings Cleaned From
Near and Far.
Miss NJ. Hardness (John Law, editor Of
the Novel Review. Of London, is seriously
unwell from overwork.
Evening journal., 1892-07-27

Indian summer was over and done
with. The soft haze had gone. For
three days the wind had been blowing
hard from the northwest and tho air
was as clear as an Arizona sky, the dis
tant outlines sharp as the tooth of the
prairie blast. Colonel Farquhar had
suddenly broken of his shooting trip,
Evening journal., 1892-07-27

He never went back on a friend. He never
failed to help a fellow being in distress.
So. you see, even in lobbying character is
worth something, and believe in giving
the devil his due.
have more respect for this man than
have for some members of congress who
refused 70 vote for poor old Billy McGar-
rahan's bill because they thought some
i.2y n CHIT charge them with being cor
The Forrest City times., 1892-02-05
Arsenic and Ammonia.

The slow absorption of many poisons changes in some more or less modified form ihe complexion, but arsenic and ammonia show their effect about as quickly as any. The popular belief that arsenic clears the complexion has led many silly women to Kill them selves with it in small, continued doses.
 It produces a waxy. ivory-llke ap- pearance of the skin during a certain stage of the poisoning, but its terrible after-effects have become too well known to make it of common use as a cosmetic.
 The effects of ammonia upon the complexion are directly the opposite to that of arsenic. The first symptom of ammonia poisoning which appears among those who work in ammonia factories, is slight discoloration of the skin of the nose and forehead. This gradually extends over the face until the complexion has a stained blotched and unsightly appearance. With people who take ammonia into their systems in smaller doses, as with their water or food, these striking symptoms do not appear so soon. The only effect of the poison that is visible for a time is a general un wholesome ness and sallowness of the complexion.
 Many people are slowly absorbing ammonia poison without Knowing 1t. The use of ammonia in the manufact- ures has greatly increased of late, and if is unquestionably used as an adul- terant in certain food preparations. Official analysis have plainly shown it's use even in such cheap articles of every day consumption as baking powders. The continued absorption of ammonia in even minute quantities as an adul- terant in food is injurious not merely from its effect upon the complexion, but because it destroys the coating of the stomach and causes dyspepsia and kindred evils.
 Professor Long of Chicago is author ity for the statement that, if to fifty million parts of water there is one part oi ammonia, the water is danger OuS.
The Forrest City times., 1892-02-05
The Canning Trade.

The growth of the business of canning fruit and vegetables in the United States has been phenomenal. The art of pre- serving food in sealed cans or jars was first invented in 1895, in France. The in- vention was applied chiefly to vegetables and meats for use on shipboarc. The pro cess was patented in England in 1S1O. The business was established in 1872. The business was transported to America by Thomas B. Smith of Philadelphia Tn 1887, who began at that time to can green corn. Isaac Winsow, who learned the process of Smith, started the business in New York in 1S44. In 1S4S meats and vegetables began to be preserved in tin cans for the Pacific coast trade. The pack ing of cases originated In Philadelphia in 1887, and has grown to an immense vol urne. The packing in 1891 reached ?, 709,- I53 cases of two dozen cans each Of corn alone. Maine now leads in canning corn, having furnished. in 1891, 6l4,S94 cases; New York, 536, ,s14 cases; Illinois, 4Io,I3o cases; Maryland and Virginia, 46l, ,24O cases each; Indiana, 465. $40 cases. The first packing of tomatoes was by Harrison Crosby of Janesburg, N. J., who began to put them up in ls47. He first offered them TOT Sdlt III NEW | IOih Oitys III 1SrS he sent half dozen cans of tomatoes to Queen Victoria and t' the president or the United States. ,th of whom ac- knowledged the receipt of the goods. MT. Crosby is now living. and has seen his small output of canned tomatoes in ls47 grow to 3,407, 365 cases of two dozen each in 1891. The most valuable articles now canned are tomatoes, corn, peas, beans, squash, pumpkin, sweet potatoes, peaches and all small fruits. New Jersey. the state which furnished Mir. Crosby the canned tomatoes, leads in the canned pro duct, having packed. in 1891. 953,S33 cases; Marylan 744, 900 cases; Delaware, 16, ,O00 cases; California, 16,5o0 cases Of tomatoes and large output of choice fruits; New York, 13,456 cases.
 Arkansas is superior to any state in the Union for the growth of fruit and vege- tables. The time is not far distant when she will lead in the canning enterprise. The principal articles of export in Cali fornia are canned goods. Baltimore gives employment the whole year to 20,000 la boring people in the canning business. Where canning factories are located land increases In value until it is worth enor- nous aums, is used exclusively for grow ing vegetables and fruits, and new life springs up to tagging business.
The Forrest City times., 1892-02-05
EoIson's Promises.

He will make an electric motor that for long distances will travel le0 mics an hour, without smoke, dust or cin- ders, and for street cars Will do away with both overhead wires and storage batteries.
 He will enable ship at sea to teie- graph to another thirty mlies away without any connection between the two except air, sky and ocean. He will enable a telegraph operator on board d train moving fifty miles an hour to telegraph to another train nov. inc at the same rate. A little strip or zine upon the outside of the car con yeys the message to the wire along the line by induction. Edison found this out simply by "grasping the tail Of an everlasting scientific truth"
 Probably by the same kind of eaten, ing or lie has an invention whlcn VIII admit of supplying all the iron ore the United States needs for centuries. He will extract magnetically the small particles of iron ore from the primal rock of New Jersey.
 Finally, if the Chilians or any other foreign people march up to attack fort Of United States soldiers, he Will run a wire into the ground and put charge of electricity 20,00O volts strong into a quantity of water, then turn that water through h0ae pipe on the advancing enemy and spray them over dead in much quicker time than T po- tato beetle drops over after It has been atomized with paris green.
The Forrest City times., 1892-02-05
STATE DEMOCRACY.
An Interview With the Chairman (
 the State Central Committee.

An Interview With the Chairman Of
 the State Central Committee. Little Rock Gazette.
 The time for the holding of the state democratic convention for the election of delegates to the democratic national convention approaches. Hon. J. F.. Williams, chairman of the democratic state central committee, was seen by a Gazette reporter yesterday, and when asked as to when the state central committee would be called together made the following reply:
 Il am in correspondence now with the members of the committee. and several of them seem to be in favor or meeting the first of March.
 "Where is the convention likely to be heldr' asked the reporter.
 Little Rock" said Mir. Williams, s.seems to be the choice of the members of the committee heard from. They argue that it is centrally located, and the conventions heretofore have been held in this city. But if held in Little Rock, the city ought to pay the ex- penscs of holding the convention: It is tho custom in other states. Why, Chicago in 1884 paid a good sum 10 get the national convention, and vol nnteered to do the same this year after she had been selected as the place for holding the convention. Heretofore Little Rock has paid nothing for the privilege of having the convention, and it leaves S25 GOO or more in town.
 .In my published call for the con yention I shall favor the plan of To- ceiving proposals from different cities in the state. We have several cites now that are large enough Co enter tain state convention, which until re- gently could not do so, and Ii Little Rock does not desire to pay the expen- ses of the convention and give reduc- ton in hotel rates, the matter ought at least to be left open" ,
 The state central committe will be called together at an early date, when the matter will be thoroughly dis cuSsed.
The Forrest City times., 1892-02-05
Columbus.

Nobody knows when Columbus was born nor where he was born, nor ex- actly what he looked ike, nor what his name was. As many cities fight over the honor of his nativity as disputed over blind Homer. There are in ex- istence ten portraits of Columbus. each alleged to be true likeness, and yet no two of these pictures at all resem- ble each other. As for his name, Go lumbus, like Shakespeare, followed the privilege of genius, and spelled 1t according to his changing frame of mind. When he was sick he spelled it one way; when he got better he spelled it another; when he was successful he changed it; when he was un!ucky, de- pressed or momentarily humble he made another variation in his name; after he had been at church, or had said his prayers, he had still another sort of signature. So that no one now really knows what his true name was
The Forrest City times., 1892-02-05
The Value of a Kiss.

An Alabama jury has recently set tied very important question, the is sue being the value of a kiss. Wm. Horton of Geneva county WAS indicted for assault and battery upon the per son of Miss Sallie Jones, who testified that Horton had laid violent hands upon her and kissed her against her will William, the kisser, testified that tEe kiss was given with the full con sent of the fair Sailie. and that he had kissed her hundred and fifty times before. The jury rendered g verdict of guilty, and assessed d fine of $50, one dollar for each kiss. It is hardly probable, however. that this will be re- garded as standard in future cases of the same sort, for much depends upon the beauty of the girl, the proYocation offered, etc.
The Forrest City times., 1892-02-05
THE GIRLS IN COURT.
Alice Mitchell and Lille Johnson Brought
 Before Judge DuBose.

Before JuuSe Duoose.
 A Memphis dispatch of February l says: Miss Alice Mitchell, the mIr- deress of. Freda Ward, and her friend, Miss Lille Johnson, were arraigned before Judge Dubose in the criminal court this morning. A few minutes after 9 o'clock a party consisting of the young ladies and members of their families arrived at the courthouse in a closed carriage and entered the court room by the rear door.
 Judge Dubose was on the bench making ready to take up the calendar for the day. Chairs were placed for the two girls, and they sat down fac ing the jndge's seat, after drawing their chairs so close together that d mans hand could scarcely be inserted between them. The few persons in the room crancd their necks to get a sight at the faces of the prisoners, but they were closely yelled and the gazers had their labor for their pains.
 Judge Dubose ordered the prisoners to stand up and remove their veils while the indictment was being read Miss Johnson obeyed, but Miss Mitch ell kept her face covered. Neither showed any emotion.
 Deputy Clerk Hunter read the in- dictment, and the accused were called to plead. Miss Johnson said: "I am not guilty" and dropped her veil in stanter. Miss Mitchell was immov- able. Not sound escaped her lips.
 Col. Can't, of counsel for defense, interposed on her behalf, saving: Your honor, we plead not guilty as to Lillie Johnson and present insanity as to Miss Mitchell.n
 Ther prisoners were then returned to the jail
 The defense will present their plea in Miss Mitchell's case in due form some time this week. 1t is their inten- ton to summon number of medical experts to testify before the inguisition of lunacy, and it will take time to get them in hand.
 "In the event Miss Mitchell is de- clared insane, what will be the effect of the verdict in Miss Johnson's casep" asked reporter of Col. Cant.
 Tn law, none; morally speaking, a great deal," replied the Colonel. It is not reasonable to suppose that any sane person would conspire with lunatic to commit murder"
 No application for bail for Miss Johnson will be made if the case shall go to trial at an early day.
 Justice F. Nj. Winters has been re- tained for the dpfpnsa