The sun., 1892-12-15

Dy hon. John W. Foster, and the counsel
ndence that result substantially establish
Ing our claims and preserving this great In
dustry to the benefit Of all nations will be
attained.
CANADIAN QUESTIONS.
During the past year a suggestion was re-
ceiVed from the British minister that the
Canadian government would like to confer US
10 the possibility OF enlarging upon terms OF
mutual advantage to advance the commercial
exchanges or Canada and OF the United
states, ana conference was held, with Mr..
Blalne acting for this government and the
British minister at this capital and three
members or the dominion cabinet acting as
commissioners CO.. on the part Of Great Britain.
The conference developed the fact that the
Canadian government was only prepared to
offer Of the United States, In exchange for
ural products. The statement was frankly
made that favored rates could not be given
to the United States as against the mother
seen, necessarily terminated the conference
upon this question. The benefits Of an eX-
change of natural products would be almost
wholly with the people OF Canada. Some
other topics of interest were considered in
the conference, and resulted in the making
boundary and the waters of Passamaguoddy
bay adjacent to EastpOrt, Me-, and In the
initiation of an arrangement for the protec-
ton of fish life In the coterminous and
neighboring waters Of our northern border.
The controversy as to the tolls upon the
Welland canal, which was presented to con-
message, having failed of adjustment, felt
constrained to exercise the authority con-
ferred by the act Of July 10. 1892, and G to
Mary's falls to cargoes in transport in Can
ada. The secretary of the treasury estab
equivalent to the exactions unjustly levied
upon our commerce in the Canadian canals.
If, as we must suppose, the political rela-
Canadian government are to remain un-
changed somewhat radical revision of our
trade relations should, 1 think, be made.
and they should be friendly. regret to say,
however, that i'll many of the controversies,
notably those as to the fisheries on the At
lantic, the sealing interests on the Pacific
Great Britain have continuously been
unfriendly objections and protests from Can
ada. In the matter Of the canal tolls our
treaty rights
WERE FLAGRANTLY DIsREGARDED.
1t is hardly too much to say that the Ca
madam Pacihc and other railway lines which
parallel our Northern boundary are sus
tanned by commerce having either its origin
or terminus or both, in the United States:
the United States for our traffic and with
out the restraints Of our interstate commerce
act. Their cars pass almost without deten-
tion into and out of our territory. The Cana
dian Pacific railway brought into the United
States from China and Japan via British
Columbia, dg BIZ ,o during 1 the year ended June 80,
carried from the United States to be shipped
to China and Japan via British Columbia,
fp0 Of be F4efe sees were were
this route for Eastern ports of the United
States from Pacific ports during the same
year, 1892, 013 pounds of freight, and
there were received over this road at the
United States Eastern ports from ports on
the Pacific coast 3,293,315 pounds of
chief of the bureau of statistics, when be-
fore the senate select committee on rela-
tions with Canada April g. 1890, said that
''the value Of goods thus transported be-
tween different points in the United States
across Canadian territory probably amounts
to more than $1OO, Oo0, 600 a year, ~
people or government of the United States
to interfere in the smallest degree with the
is wholly with her own people. 1t is time
for us, however, to consider whether, If
the present state of things and trend Of
things is to continue, our exchanges upon
lines of land transportation should not be
put upon a different basis, and our entire
independence of Canadian canals and of the
cured by the construction of an Ameri-
can canal around the Falls of the Niagara
and the, opening Of ship communication be-
tween the Great Lakes and one of our own
seaports. We should not hesitate to avail
ourselves Of our great natural trade ad-
port o' viii Which is given to the railroads and
steamship lines of Canada by a traffic that
properly belongs to us, and to no longer
erwise crushing wei ght Of the enormous
public subsidies that have been given to
them. The subject. of the power Of the
further legislation has been under consider
alton, but circumstances have postponed
conclusion. It is probable that a considera-
abrogation Of the article Of the treaty Of
Washington relating to the transit Of goods
in bond is advisable as a complete solution
Of the question.
THE CHILEAN TROUBLE.
Congress at the last session was kept
advised Of the progress of the serious and
for time threatening differences between
the United States and Chile. 1t gives me
Chilean government in most tt friendly end and
indemnity to the families Of the sailors of
the Baltimore who were killed and to those
who were injured in the outbreak in the city
OF Valparaiso the sum Of $4,000. This has
been accepted, not only as an indemnity for
wrong done, but as q most gratifying evil
dence that the government of Chile rightly
appreciates the disposition of this govern
ment to act in q spirit of absolute fairness
and friendliness in our intercourse with that
brave people. A further and conclusive evil
dence Of the mutual respect and confidence
now existing is furnished by the fact that
convention submitting to arbitration the mu-
tual claims of the citizens Of the respective
governments has been agreed upon. Some
of these claims have been pending for many
years and have been the occasion of much
unsatisfactory diplomatic correspondence.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
Our relations with Hawaii have been such
as to attract an increased interest and must
continue to do so. L deem it of great i'm
pOrtance that the projected submarine cable,
a survey for which has been made, should
be promoted. Both for naval and CONNER
cial uses we should have communication
with Honolulu. We should have before this
ayailed ourselves Of the concession, made
r SFbor ag0 naval to at Ter
Many evidences of the friendliness of the
Hawaiian government have been given in
the past, and it is gratifying to believe that
the advantage and necessity of cOntinuanc ce
of very close relations is appreciated.
The friendly act of this government in
reprobation and adherence of the lynching
of Italian subjects in New Orleans by the
payment Of 125, 600 francs, or $24, $50. 80, was
manifestation of gracious appreciation, and
the incident has been highly promotive Of
mutual respect and good viii. -. 49, 1noo,,
over eyer'- certain tribal districts of the west
Of Felt 0e e make
| test against this encroachment upon the
territory of republic which was founded
| by citizens of the United States and which
| this country has for many years held the
intimate relations of friendly counselor.
The recent disturbances Of the public
| peace by lawleSs foreign marauderS on the
| Mexican frontier have afforded this govern.
| ment an opportunity to testify its good will
| for Mexico and Its earnest purpose 10 IuInll
| the obligations of international friendship by
| pursuing and disposing of the evil doers.
| The work of relocating the boundary OF the
| treaty Of Gudaloupe Hidalgo, westward
| from Ell Paso, is progressing favorably.
Our Intercourse with Spain continues on
a friendly footing. I regret, however, not
| to be able to report as yet the adjustment Of
| the claims of the American missionaries
| from the disorders at Ponapey in the Caro-
| line islands, but I anticipate a satisfactory
| adjustment in view of the renewed and uF-
| gent representations to the government at
Madrid.
| DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.
The report Of the attorney general is by
| law submitted directly to congress, but 1
| cannot refrain from saying that he has con-
| Quoted the increasing work of the depart
| ment of justice with great professional
| skill. He has in several directions secured
| from the courts decisions giving increased
protection to the officers of the United
| States and bringing some classes of crime
| that escaped local cognizance and punish
| ment unto the tribunals Ct the United States
whele they could be tried in impartiality
| The numerous applications for executive
| clemency presented in behalf Of persons
| convicted in the United States courts and
| given pcnitentiary sentences have called
| my attention to q fact referred to by the
| attorney general in his report, namely, that
| a time allowance for good behavior for such
! prisoners is prescribed by the federal stat
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