davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
WHAT WEEDS ARE.
A Distinction which is Purely Human al
Artificial.

A Distinction which is Purely Human nnd
Artificial.
A question often debated is what con-
stitutcs weed. There is in nature no
such thing as a weed. The distinction
is purely human and artificial We
may call any plant u weed which OBJ
trudes itself where IL is not wanted.
Wheat plants in the flower garden and
towering plants in the wheat field are
equally weeds. The plants most com
monty called weeds are those which
with inveterate persistency force their
presence into our fields and gardens
crowding out the useful plants whose
seeds we have sown.
The reason why the weeds of culti-
waited grounds are so obtrusive is be-
cause, by the continued survival of
the fttest" in the war waged against
them by the husbandman and by other
species, these plants have developed at
length wonderful powers of seed-pro-
duction, or contrivances for disseminate
ing and protecting their seeds. On the
other hand, our cultivated plants, hav-
ing been potted and protected from
| free competition for ages, have ut
| length, in u great measure, lost their
natural stamina, and when the weather
or some other accident restraints hui
man aid and gives the weeds an oppor-
tunity, our cultivated plants make a
sorry fight.
One of our most notorious weeds is
chess or cheat grass, which in wet sea
sons sometimes takes entire possession
| of whcat and oat fields Farmers often
say that under stress of the weather
their wheat has turned to chess. The
real fact is that wheat belongs to q
particular and well-defined genus calleo
by botnnists TriticUm. Chess belongS
to q different but well-lnown genus
called BronsUS. Wheat having for over
four thousand years been artificially
cultivated and protected has become
physically degenerate. Chess having
been allowed to shift for itself or beer
ruthlessly hunted has by the continued
survival of the strongest individuals in
creased it's native stamina. Wheat is
favored by rather dry weather, ches
by wet weather; hence when wheat i
sown upon ground already infested b,
self-grown chess seed, and the season
proves very moist the chess gets til,
upper hand and smothers the wheat
But there has been no transmutation o
genus. The chess came from ches
} seeds, not from wheat seeds. 1t is jus
as impossible for the weather to caus
wheat to turn to chess as it is to caus
sheep to turn to goat or horse t,
| o observation-disclosures.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
SPRAYING FRUIT TREES.


II Should Never he Done Until After the
Blossoms Have Fallen.
There can be no date fixed for spray
ing fruit trees as the seasons vary so
much. My experience is that the best
time is when apples or pears are about
the size of a small cherry. The codling
moth does not deposit her eggs until
the blossom is fully opened, and large
majority of them not until after the
blossom has fallen off. l should not eX-
pect to receive much benefit by spray
ing while the trees were in blossom,
but ! should fear injury by causing the
trees to blast, says a writer in American
Bee journal. | recommend waiting
until the fruit is as large as cherry,
because for two or three days after the
blossoms fall, the stamens and pistils
remain in the calyX This makes it
difficult to force the spray into the
calyX where it is wanted. We want
the time as short as possible between
the spraying and the Matching out of
the egg, because we are liable to have
heavy rains, which would make it
necessary to do the work over again.
A second spraying week or ten days
later will very well pay for the eX-
pense. The codling moth deposits her
eggs when the tree is in blossom, or
soon after. in the calyX or "blow" end
OF the fruit, where it matches out in ten
days or two weeks, and Immediately
bores and eats its way to the center OF
the same. Our object is to spray some
of the poisoned water into the cup.
shaped calyX. where it dries and re.
mains until the worm matches, that
when it eats its first breakfast it is alsc
its last one. AS to whether the spray
ing of fruit trees is injurious to the
honey-bee, I think l have fully an
swered that when say 1t is improper
and injurious to fruit crop to spray
when trees are in blossom.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

are in leaf, if the object is to check or
prevent growth. Fig. 8 represents n
hedge plant pruned early in the spring
and well cultivated. Fig. 4 shows the
checked or stunted appearance of such
a plant cut back or pruned in June or
July.
Fruit trees from the nursery may
be set out, if they were dug early and
kept from growing in IA cool place,
even if the leaves are partly expanded,
but the shoots should never be short
ened back after the swelling of the
buds. Mulch well all small or newly
set trees, if they happen to stand
where regular cultivation cannot be
given them. Young cherry trees
specially require mulching, if the sum
mer is dry and hot
Thinning the young fruit on over
loaded trees while yet small may be
done more easily than after becoming
larger, and with far less labor than
gathering and asserting the whole crop
at maturity, besides preventing the eX-
haustion of the tree by needless over
bearing
Lawn moving with the land machine,
wherever practicable, should be done
after the grass has been well washed
by rain, and the grit and dust re-
moved which SO often dulls the cutting
blades. For the same reason set the
knives so as to cut rather high, avoid
ing the sand near the ground, allowing
the grass stronger roots and better
growth than by close cutting Country
man
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
FARM AND GARDEN.
SOME SPRING HINTS.

How to Cultivate Early-Planted Crops,
Trees and Lawns.
Early planted crops, or ground that
was early worked, has become more or
less crustcd ON the surface. With a
good steel rake pulvcrize this surface,
and change it to q finely-mellowed top
soil This will hasten growth and any
foul seeds Just starting will be de-
stroyed.
In cultivating potatoes avoid the com
mon practice of drawing the earth in
hills around the plants, because in doing
so you scrape the earth away from the
roots between the rows and pile it up
needlessly high against the plants.
Fig. shows the hill, with the natural
level, and the mass of soil piled above
it, 1t is easily tested by experiment
Cultivate ten rows level and ten in
heaps, and the level hills, when the
crop is measured, will have from ten
TO twenty per cent. more potatoes
There will be difference between
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

least some of the points herein outlined.
The position of the sink, etc, in the
sketch may be changed if necessary, as
it will be equally serviceable in any
other corner. Always aim to have the
cistern pump placed in the sink or at
least on table or bench adjoining both
for convenience, and also that the drip
ping from the spout will fall into the
sink The latter, whether of wood or
iron, should have good outlet pipe so
arranged that it will not freeze in win
ter If the cistern is in the cellar be-
meath the sink run the outlet pipe from
the sink into the overflow pipe from
the cistern. This entails plumbing to
prevent the escape of gases. Do not
neglect to have a good-sized window
facing the sink, that all culinary work
may be done in good light. The top
of the sink and all adjoining stationary
shelving should be about two feet six
inches from the hoon-American Ag.
riculturist
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

slight hills and steep hills, and there
will be u difference in soils. Try both
ways and compare TIE results.
Take the same care in cultivating
corn, the roots of which are nearer the
surface than potato roots and more
easily injured. Both corn and potatoes
send out roots from the young plants
two or three times as long as the height
of the plants. Avoid cutting the corn
roots, therefore, near the plants. Fig,
. represents hilled young plant the
dotted lines showing how the roots are
cut off when working deep and near.
Early in the season is the time for
thumb-pruning. BY the time or before
the young shoots have grown an inch or
two, the owner can see very plainly
which of these shoots ought to be rub
bed off, so as to leave the right ones to
form neat symmetrical head, or we'll
trained grapevine. This practice is inn
measurably better than allowing all to
grow on tree till they are as large as
ones arm, and have become crooked.
crossing and crowdipg each other, and
when cut Off with saw and ak leaving 4
bad wound.
Pruning ornamental and other hedges,
or shortening them back to promote
thick growth, must always be done be-
fore the buds swell, if growth is to be
favored; but it may be done as the buds
are opening, or when the plants or trees
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
AROUND THE FARM.

CORN and oats mixed makes good
rations for the ewes.
WINTER feeding should be kept up
until grass has made good start.
SHEEP will thrive better if they can
be given change of pastures OCCASION
ally, In nearly all cases two pastures
will pay better than one.
FRESH, pure water and highly nour-
ishing food are what make the cow
pay. Farmers do not always make the
dairy profitable simply because they
do not try to.
To DETECT the adulteration of paris
green put teaspoonful in a glass of
strong ammonia water. The paris green
should dissolve completely. 1t is very
simple method, and enables anyone to
make the test.
ABOUT the last of June is the proper
time to thin fruit, when it is about the
size of butternuts. Very thorough
thinning is advisable. Thinning of the
fruit is also great relief to the over
taxed soil.-George H. Powell.
A RECIPE for breaking up setting
hen is as follows: Let her set for few
days ana then put her In boS with
lath nailed in the bottom a few inches
apart. Elevate the box and the hen
win soon get tired of her setting.
SET out but few early cabbages for a
family supply. The main crop of cab
bage should be for the winter, and
should not be transplanted until quite
late. Caulihower should be trans
planted at the same time as early cab,
bage.
GRASSES are conservers of soil an6
prevent washing and teaching. Rota'
tion checks some kinds of insect ravages
and fungi. The corn root worm does
not feed on clover roots. The clover
root borer does not bore corn roots OF
roots of wheat, oats, etc.
IGNORANCE is at the bottom of most
fruit failures. The sons of ignorant
fruit growers learn little from theii
fathers-except as they learn to hate
learning. If fruit growing or farming
are professions, why should not the
boys be trained for the work they are
10 CAEage in?
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
CONVENIENT KITCHEN.

Arranged to Expedite Domestic Work in
the Farm House.
The convenient arrangement OF the
kitchen and proper location relatively
with the pantry, dining room and eel
lar have much to do with eXpediting do.
mestic work and saving steps. These
things may appear to be of minor i'm
portance to the man of the house, but
not to the woman, who is obliged tc
spend half her waking hours in this
room. In houses already constructed
changes may be made embodying al
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

Us flying IN He f0co
Of Nature to take the ordinary pill.
Just consider how it acts. There's
too much bulk and hustle, and not
enough real good. And think how
it leaves you when it's all over
DIR. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets act
naturally. They help Nature to do
her own work. They cleanse and
renovate, mildly but thoroughly, the
whole system. Regulate it, too.
The help that they give, lasts.
They're purely vegetable, per-
fectly harmless, the smallest, easiest,
and best to take. Sick Headache,
Bilious Headache, Constipation, In
digestion, Bilious Attacks, and all
arrangements of the Liver, Stomach
and Bowels are promptly relieved
and permanently cured. One tiny,
sugar coated Pellet for a gentle
laxative - three for a cathartic.
They're the cheapest pill you can
buy, for they're guaranteed to give
satisfaction, or your money is re-
turned.
You pay only for the good you
get.
This is true only of DIR. Pierce's
medicines
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

The rheumatic taint transmitted from
parent to child is indeed legacy of an
guish. Moreover, trifling causes. such as
sitting i'll draught, the neglect to speedily
change damp clothing; readily develop it.
Whether rheumatism be hereditary or con-
tractcd by exposure, Hostetter's Stomach
Bitters is the surest depurent for expelling
the virus from the blood aud for preventing
the later encroachments of tile disease.
Equally potent is it in arresting malarious,
bilious and kidney trouble and constipation.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

For IL quarter of century Thomas
A, Garfield, the only brother of the
martyred president, has lived in OBJ
scurity on small farm near Grand
Rapids, Mich. 1t is claimed by friends
that he remained poor all his life be-
cause of early sacrifices made for his
great brother and for the supplemented
Grandma Garfield, His, they say, was
heroism us loyal and noble as that of
his brother. Thomas is now an old man
of siXty-scvcn, bent and worn with
lifc's long struggle
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
Wheat Testa.

Experiments made in Canada show
that white wheats yield more than the
reds, and that bald varieties of wheat
yield more than the bearded kinds.
though the latter kinds are little
heavier than the bald. These results
have been obtained by testing largo
number of varieties side by side and un-
der the same conditions.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
A Child Enjoys

The pleasant favor, gentle action and sooth-
ing effect of Syrup of Figs, when in need of
II laxative, and if the father or mother be
costive or bilious, the most gratifying re-
suits follow its use; so that it is the best
family remedy known and every family
should have u bottle.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward
for any case of Calarrh that can not be
cured by Halls Catarrh Cure.
+, D. CHENEY d 20, PROPS, Ioleoo, -.
Cheney for the last IL years, and believe
him perfectly honorable in all business
transactions and financially able TO carry
out any Obligations made by their firm.
West IL rruaX, Wholesale Druggists, To-
ledo, o., Walding, Kinnan a. Marvin,
Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, Ohio
Halls Catalrh Cure is taken internally,
acting directly upon the blood and mucous
surfaces of the system Price 15c. per bot,
tie. Sold by all druggists Testimonials free.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

SHEEP relish change in their food
as fully as any other class'of stock Kept
on the farm, and at this time especiala
ly good variety should be supplied.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
The only ono Ever Printed-Can You Find
tho Word9

There is n 3 inch display advertisement
In this paper, this week, which has no two
words alike except one word. The same is
true of each new one appearing each week,
from The Dr.. Harter Medicine Co. This
house places n "Crescentn on everything
they make and publish. Look for It, send
them the name of the word and they will
samples free.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

MAN is not merely the architect of his
own fortune, but he must lay the bricks
him self
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

No SPECIFIC for local skin troubles equals
Glcnn's Sulphur Soap.
Hill's Hair and Whiskcr Dye, 80 cents.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

''THis is my death blow" remarked the
whale, as lie came up for the last time.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

THE spider probably thinks that the bee
is wasting time in making honey.-Ram' 5
Horn.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

A PLAIN case of misit-a young girl in
Mysteries Lowell Courier
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11
WHAT 10 cts, WILL BUY,

bulb Giant Bermuda Freesia for winter blooming.
pl;t. Pansy Seed, for winter blooming, and
THREE MONTHS TRIAL SUBSCRIPTIONS &c
the MAHFLOWER a ~ page horticultural paper
Plates of sonG new flower, all by mail postpaid fol
only 10 cents
The Fi2EESIA is an improved strain of thatlovely
flower, bearing large spikes or beautiful fragrant.
white and yellow blossoms, unsurpassed for winter
blooming. The PANSY is 4 strain especially recon-
mendcd for winter blooming in pots all colors mixed.
THE MAYFLOWER is we'll known rs the beSt pub
licaton on Flowers Fruits, Gardening and Homo
Aiornmcnt in general 1t has over 10000 SubScrib-
ers, and goes all over the world. Each issue con-
tains ~ 81 pages, elegantly illustrated aud hound
with handsome cover, and ONE OR TWO
LARGE, ELEGANT COLORED PLATES. 1t is
edited by John Lewis Chds, assisted by many of the
among whom are WIN. Faconer, Eben {. ReNford,
w. N. Pike, E. S. Rand, Mrs. Henry Ward Beeeher,
etc 1t has correspondents in all parts of the world,
and its articles the most interesting, instructive
and valuable to be had We send it for months,
together with the Pansy and Freesia for only Ioc.,
that YOU may become acquainted with its merits
Get OF your friends to accept this offer with you
and we will send you free 4 bulb of the BERMUDA
EASTER LILY for your trouble For trial sub
scribers besides your own, we will mail YOU free the
EASTER LILY and plant Of the CHARMING
MEXICAN PRIMROSE. For trial subscribers
at Ioc. each we will send TWO LILIES and TWO PRM-
ROSES, and for 20 we will send ? LILIES, = pRMROSES
AND OTHER RARE, NEW. PERPETUAL BLOOMING
PLANTS All by mail postpaid. Remember that each
subscriber gets for Ioc. the Mayflower for months
with large colored pates) and abulb of Freesia
and packet OF winter blooming Plnsy Seed with di-
rectons for culture Write at once, this offer viii
not appear again, Address
JOHN LEWIS CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y.
pS-NANE THIS PAPER every time you WTia
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

IF YOU are troubled with malaria take
Beecham's Pills. A positive specific, moth
ing like it, - cents box.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

THE Roman augur, In his day, WIS prob
ably the biggest bore In the world.-Plca-
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

THE five o'clock tea is the grub that
makes the butterfly of fashion.-kate
Fields Washington.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

wANTrD-a stand up collar for the neck
OF the woods.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

BEATS the world--the impecunious tramp.
Texas Siftings.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1892-06-11

THE RAMS Horn is published at Indian
apolis, Indiana, ut $3.50 per year.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-06-06
LIVE STOCK MARKET.

Ncw.York. saturday. juno +-BEEYES-Ecce 10
carloads Of 0o5 he,d27 carlo id> Wcchawk for oN
port alive ~ carload including 30 carloads
Tor Eatnans Company and 10 carlolG for j. Stern. snip
mcnts reported Yesterday. No trading in live cattle
CALVES-Rcceip,. 27l head all al G0th-st: Market
stodv and unclaimed for all kinds Buttemilk sold at
4ai &C per n. \ bunch Of four veals AT 5',c. - .
Sales-T Dllonhack: Is butcrmlk calves l33 N
average per N 81 do l72 ~ at sc 80 do. 1G7 n.
AZ iac: 20 vcals. 1871 =. at So.
Hume Mullen 80 buttermilk calves, 1877 n at &C;
Il do. Ii4 n. at 4@c.
SHEEP AND LANES Receipts were 10 carloaAs Of
905 hcad-l2 carloads at Jersey CITY and carload OF
Goth st-ell for the market Feeling steady FOR sheep
While lambs dull and quoted &c per lower sheep
oi ~ S7i2a$G per 100 n few selected 80 TO- lambs
Sacs-J. y. Pidcock Sons: 1870 Ohio sheep. 81 n
ovcrage AZ 100 n 50 Virginia lambs. 81 ~. AT
AZ 81 do 90 NJ Of IS i25 do GO n at 81 so; % do'
81 y AZ - rs 1870 cu>. 81 N al - 10.
NJ Collins 619 Ohio she p 81 N at - 80; ESQ Mcss-
crn yoaGlng II H. at 80 so 2f2 Kentucky lambs GO ID
al s. l@Lc. 90, - -.
81 81 1G5 Kentucky lamb. - T.. at s.. .
IIarnback & Hollis 100 Western sheep: hS'2 N: Az
&c 81 CO. s. n al IS 40 do III N at - - III We
crn vealncs Gs H. at - GS do, OH ~ at So loo no.
69i. " al SO o5 800 -. O.. COL. IN
q. Dillenback 20 western shePp, - ID III - u w
do 30 -. At 40 %. o,, :, -, 90 .,
IO1iS-Rr carlo1Gs o03 head = liloaGs ~
Nominally steady sjds5 80 per 100 ~.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-06-06
1--WE STOCK MARKETs-BY TELEGRAPH.

EnTalo June 4.-Cattlc- Receipts for last "a hpufs,
321O head total for week thus far. H. 10 heau LOT
same time last week u O4O head consigned tilrouen
3l4O head TO New YORK, ..r2O head Tor sane, w
head market opened steady not very gp1d mere :
closed dun all sod. Iiogs-Recerts FOR las - hours
same time last week. -J47j head consigned through
10 $50 head to New York. 5000 head for sale 800
head market opened slow and lower closed slcay AZ
the decline heavy. 81 800 81 p1ckers ana me1liin
"a Q50S So O5 Workers. good 10 best. ~ 30" ~ 70 40
pigs and Hight ~ Gjd - so good heavy erds, ~ 500
st -: pics good TO best, - 500 - 20: DO common
skiI,s to fair ~ 25a 81 40: assorted rougs ~ 2oa
sheep and lants-Rccepis for last ~ hours. "soo
head total for week thus far 81 &c" head ior san"
tine last week. 81 200 head cons gned through J,-Vo
head 10 New YORK. 900 head Oh sale. Low heai !,
few fancy we,hers sold at 80 9jd S6 bO market scanN
choice 10 fancy wcther> - 730 $6 fair 10 god sccp
81 15d SIS 50 culls and common, go 81 20 cnpp"i
lambs choice 10 fancy. 81 7j6 81: fair 10 good ~ -"
s. 30 culls common, STA 80 20 spring iainbs -"
S. 80. ,- .s g.
Chicago June 1.-THE Evening Journal reports :
CattIe-Recep,s 800 head shipments: 1000 hean :
market steady unchanged all sold. Hogs KecePlS'
% 600 head shipments. 1000 head market SLOW,
So IOc lower rough and common, S+dS4 20 mNca
ard packers 81 $50 81 IS: prime heavy ana butcher
weights - sod - 81 light "a ''c ~ 80 Tporket
steady: native wcthers and ycarlings 30 %" S'' 90
Texans S. so spring lambs $50 ~. 49,,
St Louis June 4-Caic-Rcrclpts. GOO hend sup
ments 600 head market steady fair to good nh'Nc
Steers 80 1Od 81 40 Texas and nlian steers All kis
a. GOa$3 rs; canning grades o. 100 81 So Hogs Re
ceip,s 9 500 head shipments 1900 heed market
lower fair 10 choice heavy "a 55a - 20; mixed ordl
nnry 10 good So lO0 II 80 fight. fair 10 best, - 50o
al S5 Sheep-Receipie, $500 bead shipments, 400
head market steady at unchanged figures.