The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1892-06-24
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.


sugar refinery, which has been closed
for some time, is to be enlarged to ca
| pacity of 1,s00 barrels of refined sugar
| per day, and be put in operation again
by July l.
| The minimum age of employment
on the continent is generally twelve or
| from twelve to fourteen. But then En-
| glish children only work twentv-eight
hours per week, while in France and
Germany the hours are thirty-six, in Italy
and Germany forty-eight, in Holland
sixty-siX, and in Belgium seventytwo.
| The wheat crop of New South Wales
| yielded - bushels per acre, rather less
than the average of the past 80 years.
The total area cropped was 31S, 265
acres, as against ,233 last year. Re-
| quirements are 1850, 900 bushels, exclu-
sive of seed, consequently, over 3, ZOO, 900
bushels must be imported.
| The great Alta irrigation district
| system of canals has been completed in
California, and is running full of water,
| practically irrigating one hundred and
| thirty thousand acres of land. Five hun
| dred miles of canals and distributing
| bitches are in operation.
There are no great wooden factories
in Egypt, but the looms are scattered
in small numbers over the country.
| According To Mr.. Felix Mengin. in his
"Histoire Sommaire de rEgypte, 1928
49," published in 1899, there were in
Egypt, in 1898, 1000 looms for weaving
wooden stutfs These stuffs were used
to dress the fellahs and the sailors and
for bed covers, etc. The coarse woods
of Upper Egypt were chiefly used for
those purposes, not being suitable for
any other use.-Pittsburgh Dispatch.
When increased work is thrown
upon the heart during active muscular
exertion, endurance of fatigue is limited
mainly by the limited power of the
heart to continue supplying the in
creased amount of blood which is re-
quired by the acting voluntary muscles.
Luxuries which are forbidden or limited
In training" and which are known to
hinder prolonged exertion, such as
water, alcohol, tobacco, directly weaken
the force of the hearts contractions,
and SO weaken the hearts power to
send blood to working muscles.
A recent test of brick made bv the
dry clay process at Watertown arsenal,
according to Paving. showed an aver
age compressive strength of 3,973
pounds per square inch. In one in
stance it reached 4.973 pounds per
square inch. A test was made at the
same place on fancy pressed brick"
The first crack developed at a pressure
of sos, 600 pounds and the brick crushed
at 364.@0o pounds, or 1l.130 pounds per
square inch. This indicates almost as
great compressive strength as granite
paving blocks, which is from L.. 900 to
10000 pounds per square inch.
"A German inventor has devised a
means of producing light superior in
strength to either oil or electricity. 1t
is by means of air driven through
pumice-stone, the latter having been
impregnated with benzine. The ben
zine gas thus obtained is then carried
through fine magnesium powder. and |
proceeds upward through pipe to be
consumed in a small flame of claimed |
100000 candle-power. The apparatus |
consists of a blast engine for driving |
the air through the pumice. and num-
Der of other accessories. all of which |
take up but small space.-English
Mechanic.
The horse power of a whale has |
been made subject of study by the |
eminent anatomist Sir William Turner,
of the University of Edinburg, Scotland, |
in conjunction with the equally eminent |
Glasgow shipbuilder. Mr.. John Hender- |
son. The size and dimension of great |
timer stranded several wears ago ON the |
shore at Longriddy furnished the neces-
sary data for a computation of the |
power necessary to propel it at a speed |
of twelve miles an hour. This whale !
measured eighty feet in length. twenty |
feet across at the fianges of the tail. and |
weighed seventy-four tons. To attain |
a speed of twelve miles per hour it was
calcula ted that one hundred and forty |
i've horse power was necessary.
Eastern farmers who have album
dant supplies OF water for crops and
every other purpose. by rainfall and |
springs and rivers. know little OF what /
the problem of a water supply means to
the farmers in the dry belts and arid
regions of the west. Some idea of the
labor involved in securing water for
irrigation may be gathered from the fol-
lowing figures of the four largest dams
last year: The Walnut Grove
dam. near Prescott. Ariz.. 10 feet high,
ipclosing 80 acres, and having a capa-
city of 1000, 600. 600 gallons; the MERGED
dam, in central California. one mile
long, go feet high. inclosing $50 acres,
and storing $500. 600, 900 gallons: the
Sweetwater river dam. near San Diego.
Cal, 90 feet high, 125 acres, storage ca
pacity 5000. DOC, 600 gallons. ana the
Bear Valley dam, in San Bernardino
Cal. 90 feet high. inclosing
. $50 acres, and holding TO- 900, 600
gallons of water-N. Y. sun.
CIemstis iu Decoration.
II one has never used clematis for
decorating she can have no idea of the
of this flower and the
many ways in which it can he used. 1t