The record-union., 1892-11-15
FARM And ORCHARD.
A Budget of Brevities for the Men
of the PlOW.
Discrimination In Feeding Food for
Growing Stock-Clover Hay-skim
Milk for Calves-The Farm Hand
The File on the Farnl-Notes on
Many Themes.

Milk for Calves-The Farm Hand
The File on the Farm-Notes on
Many Themes.
A regular allowance of a certain number
of quarts of grain, or a given portion of
hay, for each animal, is rule generally
adopted, the custom being one that in
sures at least a fair proportion, none be-
ing sighted; but to attempt to feed econ
omically by allowing an equal quantity
to each animal is impossible. Economical
feeding is not that method which keeps
the animals on minimum allowance, nor
does it mean that the farmer should give
his animals all that they can eat of grain
and hay, but that he should feed them ac-
cording to their necessities and with the
view of deriving the most from them at
the least cost.
Farrow COWS, steers, wethers and horses
that are unemployed can subsist on foods
that would not be suitable for cows, ewes
and mares with colts. All matured ami
mails that are non-producers are not re-
quired to do more than supply themselves
with warmth, and to repair the wastes of
=
them the same kind and quantity of food
that is allowed the producers, unless they
are to be fatted Tor market, i'll which case
they become producers of meat, and even
then they should have special diet suita-
BILE for them only. Young ANIMALS re-
quire food that promotes growth, and yet
such foods are more generally withheld
than is sometimes known, as they receive
share of grain larger than is really re-
quired. The young animals first year is
devoted mostly to growth of frame, or
bone production, the foods for which
purpose should consist largely of line
and especially of phOSphates, that assist
in uniting with the lime to form bone.
OF all foods grain is more deficient in
lime than any other, while clover is rich
in that substance, fact which demon
strates that, for the growing animals,
clover and other hays are the best foods
that can be used, and when fed in con-
nection with bran the young stock VIII
be fully supplied with all the essential
elements for making rapid growth as
well as for providing a proper degree of
warmth. Glover hay is one of the most
complete foods that can be used. 1t is
not concentrated as grain, but the stock
can consume larger proportion of it. 1t
Is also well supplied with the heat-pro-
ducing elements. Where stock is in
tended to be kept over the winter only
(such as steers, no grain at all is neces-
y, u
and fodder, will bring all non-producers
out in good condition in the spring, but
when they are to be fatted, the grain is a
necessity if the work is to be done
speedily. as it does not pay to lengthen
the time of tattening longer than is pos
sible to accomplish the desired object. No
farmer can afford to feed by any rule of
allowance. He must know each animal.
and know just what it requires in order
to have 1t render the greatest service at
the least cost. Feeding is a fine art,
though it is done indiscriminately, and
true economy demands good judgment in
the selection of the proper foods and the
quantity to use.-Philadelphi Record.
FILE ON THE FARM.
The file is a more important farm tool
than many farmers, who during all their
lives have never filed the cutting edge of
hoe blade, are aware Of If such men
have a practical demonstration of the
difference between dull and a sharp
hoe, they are certain to purchase a small
fiat file for the workmen 10 carry in their
pocket when engaged in work requiring
the use ofa hoe. File the hoe upon both
sides of the blade, and it will retain an
edge longer and cut smoother than when
the filing is all upon one side, although
it should be filed most on the inside.
Both a fiat, three-cornered and round
file should be kept on had. Their use
will often save trip to the shopin busy
time, and they pay for themselves many
times each year in sharper edged tools.
NOTES ON MANY THEMES.
The first essential after milking is to
cool the milk. This should be done i'm
mediately and as quickly as possible.
The more like school the farm can be
made, the more interest there is developed
in work, study and recreation. the less
thought there will be of leaving the farm.
Make the change from green to dry
food slowly. so that the cows will hardly
feel the transition. Sudden and radical
revolutions in diet are always to be
deprecated.
10 not have an army of cockerels with
your flock of hens. If not fat enough to
make good eating, keep by themselves
till fat-then sell or kill them for home
consumption.
The winter is the farmers resting
time, but he should not be idle. Every
spare hour should be employed IN read
ing and study that will add to his knowl-
edge of his occupation.
1t may be set down as an axiom that
If you feed so as to secure tho best NUT
ton, you will at the same time secure the
best growth of wool. The same methods
tend to both these ends.
Eggs are among the cheapest and most
nutritious articles of food 1t would be
well if they could more largely take the
place of pork and other heavy food upon
the tables of our farmers.
Skim milk should always be given to
calves warm, and never in a cold condi-
ton. When the calf is a month old lin
seed meal and ground oats may be added
to the milk with advantage.
Old hens that are too fat to Law will
make elegant roasters, and will pay bet
ter disposed of as such, than to keep for
the few eggs they will lay this winter, at
least our experience has taught us that
By putting bells upon the sheep much
annoyance from dogs may be avoided.
Have bell to every fifth or sixth ami
mai, and when they run there will be so
much noise that the dogs will think best
to retreat.
No man is competent to handle an or
chard who cannot so train and prune his
trees that the necessity of cutting oil large
limbs shall never occur. Easy enough to
do 1t this way if you practice constant
watchfulness.
To prevent cabbage from bursting.
when sufficiently hard pull the cabbage
so some of the main roots will break
This Will prevent further growth and the
cabbage will not wilt nor crack open.-
Practical Farmer.
There is some times a good reason for a
eve dlsowning her lamb-a reason that
is i'll the course of nature. 1t is because
she has no milk. Try to prevent this
condition by feeding special milk-pro-
ducing foods at lambing time.
A good smokehouse is a valuable at
tachment to the farm at this season. If
lew of the hogs are converted into home
made hams and bacon and pure country
lard, the return from them will be much
1aff to flah hut,