New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1892-04-25
A FEW TARIFF FACTS.
THE SOUTH WANTS FREE WOOL But NOT
FREE COTTON.

rs 10 the manufacture of woollcn goods In the
United States This Bulletin has been comp ed
with great care, and gives the statistics for the
year 1890 as compared with 1880. The follow
ing are some of the circumstances which appear
from careful examination of its contents; In
the year 1890 there invested in the manu-
facture of wool in factories in active operation
in the United States the sum of $296,Js3, 1854, as
against 81 ,Ool 800 in 1880; showing gain of
nearly 81 per cent in that decade.
The cost of materials used in 800 was S2O3,-
O95,642, as against S164,37l, 55l in 1850.
The value of goods manufactured in 500 was
1888, 23l 90. as against S267, 2529l3 in 1850.
In 1890 wages were paid to the amount OF
S1676SS71 This sum paid to 22l,OoT
factory hands, of whom 09.3lS were males over
sixteen years of age; 1O6ll2 were 1emales over
fifteen wears of age and 1857 were children.
In 1880 wages paid 10 the amount OF
S473s0,OS7. This sum was paid to l6l,o5'
hands of whom 754j9 were males above sixteen
years Of age, 66,sl4 were females over hiteen
years and 19,2s4 were children.
little computation will show that there were
1927 more children employed in 1880 than in
1900 that in 1890 the female adults employed
exceeded the males by 6,794, while in 1880 the
male adults exceeded the female adults by o,645.
A little further calculation will show that the
wa -os Maid in 1880 averaged 1898 33 per year for
each man, woman and child employed, while In
1890 the average is S347 % per year Tor each
man, woman and child This average would ho'
he the amount paid each year for persons VINO
work rhe entire year, but il includes ali the hah"S
who worked in each mill. whether they WORKED ono
month or twelve 1t shows beyond all controversy
the striking fact that wages from $50 10 lo'o
have increased $53 80 per year for each man.
woman and child employed in this great industry
If there is any one thing which the Free ifau'lS
ore constantly asserting more than another 1t Is
that wages in this country are not increased u""ei
our protective system. | have been waiting ahA-
iousi. for these census bulletins TO appear, know
I'M, that rs they are published. one free-trade lie
of+ar anotber will be nailed to the wall VIII
some Free Trader he kind enough TO take the num-
her Of hands employed III this one industry ana
the amount of wages paid them Ill 1891 anu 'neH
fake the number employed in $50 and the amount
Of wages paid in that year. and thch tell lit
whether my conclusion is correct?
There are many other facts shown by this bulle-
tin of very great interest to me. piil h"s
inst passed the lower house OF Congress 70 pu'
wool on the free list, and 50 TO reduce the uuue7
ON woollen goods 10 ruin the factories OIL ohe
I.nitcd States | noticed that that bill received
nearly the solid vote of the members OF OohsieN
from ,he sixteen Southern States, which are eX-
ON free-trade platform in the coming campaign
Il has heoome of interest TO me to see what the
condition OF woollen manufacturing Is In those
Southern States | know some one has said that
"comparisons are odious, but IL may also DE silo
that comparisons are sometimes very INSTRUCTIVE
In the manufacturing of wOOllen goods. the num-
Der Of spndles run is admitted by all experts "
he the best test as the capacity Of such factories
There were in active operation In 1880 IN 'he
United States 3,2S6,2S0 spndlcs, as against =
o5Ags6 in 1880. There were 69,s7o looms III
1890 as against $3.50 in 1880 Ana 0o,9<4
,,ni+tiro machines in 1890, as against l4,'6s IN
go find that in all the sixteen Southern
80 ibere were only 800 woollen establish
r.pts in which there were 1,226 knitting ma
chimes md 147434 spindles only. In tie BIN
Nv, Fnoland States, on the other hand, there
,yera ss7 manufacturing establishments IN Whlch
xvero run Sill knitting machines tiLd I''io''
s,;pdles In the little State OF Rhode lsaho aIoio
there were 3j6.1jl spindles, more IMAM '"Oo
es many as in the entire sixteen southern "'"'N'
Rhode Island bad 764 knitting machi"eS' my
than one-half a. many as were III tho'c
c,o,os If bne takes the six large southern
States Texas, South Carolina, MISSISSIPPI
;ano FIorida and Arkansas be finds within 'hclr
a. anI,, +,vontv four woollen mills and TO-
7s1 snindles Thus, 1le six New England ''',' ao
h,.o thirty times as many factories ana over wv
,ios os ,,an,- spindes as these SIX large Sout,-
ern States Indeed, Rhode Island alone wiz,
only 1850 square miles Of territory 'conp" nv. =
With their 5O2, 900 square niles mas o'ci VIZ,
ioe oe many woollen factories "a these SIX graz
cn,,bern States: and she has over U"en'H "i
o. non,, spndles in operation to-day "h"O W. n1
%. 'ha, Rhode Island voted 70 sustain the FRO
1ectivc tariff, and that these SIX o'"'o' 1-,i,od
lii, AGAINST making wooen goods III the ohi'''
States? ,,eac+urers
Tho other States which are large mahuia'O'''-'
NJ woollen goods are ,,7,
poone,lvania with her FOG factories ls''''
,-ni,,ing machines, and 592, 036 sphdle'' .,-
\ewYork with 3i2 factories, o'oo'
machines, 10000 splndIS. - ,...;o, ma
ohio With 115 factories, 1,6S3 knlc1ne i'"
chimes 347l9 spndles. ~, Init
nlinois with fifty weight factories i''|' "'"'
ting machines, 24,j69 spinhIes' -,... ,1el
wisconsin. with ffty-seven lacVoiio''
tnittinq machines, 27,6O2 spindes ,...;r,
New-Jersey with fifty facOries' 0''
,n,chines. and s6,6l7 spindles ,,.,in,
Indiana with ffty-fve factories " "-''''
,,.nbines. and 36,8s6 spindleS oo ,..;,
,1IaIioan with forty three factories, ooo hHi'
.;no machines, and 1899 splndieS' ,.i,
sunresota with twenty-five factories. - Nni
ting machines and 1910 splndles. Uni,
Iowa. with seventeen factories nii~'cc"
ting machines, and lO,s2S spihoioS. add :
TIC the ten States named above ana az" =
.,.m the six New-England States anu va
Grds that in those sixteen Sta'eS 90
orc 2I55 factories, as against ;.,;,,
- tho sixteen Southern States; "'o%' N e.a.ns
..cbipes as against ,226 in the southern 1'"' "a
and 3os7 1903 spindles as against i4''4|a
antire South OF these sixteen nlai"'" l, voy
states all of them except 'ohnec.,'"'' nI will
Jersey voted for protection IN ioo'' % d% 70 IL
it again in 1892 with Oonnec'G" 'no ,. ,br sill
list. l predict that the co''on a"i hnIIetip wi
Ouie.N .,o same general condition. linen "D
repI'U ~. hoot and shoe industries. the crocN,'
70 S'o D'asa industries and what wonder Is II ' ~
ana sl"oI Of nearly all the Northern states "
the poop" VI tom which furnishes so muC