Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1892-03-03

He gave . sketch Of the several provinces
ou; Of which the Dominion of Canada was
created, claiming that the scheme for the
formation of the Dominion was brought
about by the one absorbing idea of all
English ststesmen,-the control Of the
commerce Of the world, claiming that the
provinces. if they remained under their
separate colonies, the tendency Of events
would have been eventually q union with
the United States. He showed that the
separate provinces unless con-
nected together by great line
Of railways, would naturally fall into de-
cay and rapidly deteriorste. and that they
were unable, in and Of themselves. to build
q great line Of railroads; that if the rail
way system of Canada was left to private
enterprise, il would fall into the hands of
the great railroad corporations Of the Uni
ted States and the Canadian railways would
simply sssume the position Of tributaries to
American roads.
The leading spirit in the formation Of
the Dominion was the late Sir John Nc
Donald, who knew full well that the one
controlling idea in the minds Of all the il
habitants of this great territory was the
unity Of the British empire, and he knew
that the idea Of an imperial confederation,
especially when underneath it lay
the scheme to build great trans
continental line OF railway uniting
all the provinces, and to be built by
government aid would be popular. These
lines Of railways, the Inter -colonisl, which
was built entirely by government aid, and
the Canadian Pacific, built exclusively by
Dominion funds and credit, were rot con-
slructe d by any commercial demand, nor is
their maintain ence justified by any existing
commercial conditions. The Canadian
Pacific received in direct gifts Of money
and lands, Sl05 600 900; in bonds and stocks,
granted BY the Dominion government Sll0,-
100000 1t was exempt from taxation Of
sill kinds estimated as q yearly gifl Of
$500 900. 1t was granted absolute protec-
tlon against the construction Of competing
lines and it WAS also granted an annual sub
sldy t Sl86 600 to that portion Of the road
which crosses the territory Of Maine. Itput
upon the Dominion Of Canada debt Of more
than $3.50, 600 900, which is greater per cap
ita than the debt which the people of the
United Ststes incurred dufiog The great
civil contest for the preservation Of their
own lives and the maintenance of free
government in this land. This great politi-
cal rsiiroxd was completed in 1886, and
upon its completion, it established lines Of
steamers from Vancouver to China and
Japan, and to Australia and New Zealand,
and from Quebec to Liverpool. These
lines Of steamers form part Of the Cana
dian P.cifc Railway system and were
established under the Ocean Steamship
Subsidy Act, and received an At
rf : non
anpum. To justify the giving Of these
immense sums, the steamers were so con-
structed that they might be converted into
Euglish war cruisers. In the whole history
of the commerce Of the world, there is
nothing in the nature Of government aid
aid promotion equal to this scheme of
imperial confederation; and well might
Lord Lsnsdo wne, the late governor gen
eral Of Csnads, declare that without the
tanadisn Pacific railway the British North
American Act was not worth the paper
upon which it was written.
Mr.. Msnley gave = full history OF
what is techoicslly known as the domes-
iic and foreign trsnsi, trade. showing how
and why 1t grew up, and that il proved OF
mutual advantage to both the people Of The
United States, and to the people OF Csnada,
but the conditions which called ii into
existence did not in any way apply to the
Canadian Pacific Railway which was ere
ated for the sole purpose OF driving Amer
lean commerce and foreign commerce OF
the United States from American ships
from American ports; and from American
railway lines. By permitting the Canadian
Pacific Road to enjoy the privileges
of the transit trade the railway
was at once enabled to enter into compeu-
ton with the American lines Of railway,
for the domestic traffic Of the United States
across the continent.
THE question which cOnfrOnts the Amer
lean people," Mr.. Msnley claimed, is.-
"shall foreign railways, built by 4 foreign
government subsidized by foreign capital
with lines of steamers established for com
mercisl and political purposes hostile to the
United States, be permitted to divert Am.
sricsn commerce from American vessela
from American ports, aud from American
transportation lines: And, il not, what
measures should be adopted for the protec
ton Of Am srican interests -
For ll3 years said Mr.. Msnley, "the
people in this country have devoted their
energies TO the arts of peace. They have
been struggling to build upon this cont
nj Mt government which should stand bt
fore the world as the most perfect govern
ment that has been devised by man aud
this &C unIry stands toaay without rival
The imagination of man cannot take wide
enough range to picture its greatness il
the centuries to come. 10 intelligence, Ir
moral worth, in business enterprises, ir
| charitable work and in wealth, no race oi
people surpass the citizens Of the United
States. But, nov that our internal affair
rest on . firm and sure foundation, tb,
time hiss come when the United States mus
| assert iss supremacy and poser, not only
upon the land but alse upon the high seas
The Canadian Pacific railway is she Do
| minion Of Canada for it ab-oiutely control
the elections 10 the Dominion, mouids Anc
forms pubnc sentiment, dictates and con
trolls the legislation, and Is divertiDg Amer
| can commerce from American ships; from
| American sea ports; and from American
railway lines, built all By American capital
TO foreign ships and foreign iinss."
The remedies to prevent this great ir
Jury to American interssts," Mr.. Mamie,
iosisted, were, fret, either the rspeai o
the interstate comm rec act, which place,
all American lines under consro
and regulation, and left the Canadian Pa
cifc with its American come ctions, ur
trammeled and free, or else that the &C
sho1ld be 30 amended as to place TIN
foreign line, With its American Connections
| uGder the same restrictions as our ovl
| lires second, in suosidiz ns American line
| Of steamers,
He sad II take it every Republican be
lieves in the principles Of protection. H
Knows what il has done for every iBteres
Of this country. He knows taat it h., pr
,ec,ed AID built up all its Industries Fl
knovs that il has given the farmer bette
markets. He knows thst it gives the iabo,
ing man better wages and protects hif
from the paupef and criminal labor Of th
Old World. We want 10 carry the princ
pie little further and protec. America
chip baiidiBg.
The Republican patty has started 10 th
iisht direction. We want to encourage th
spirit that shall have the national pride .
see sll our mails carried from Amerjca
ports to foreign ports under the America
Gag. Today nearly oil the vast mail matte
Of this country which 10 carried from i:
various ports to the foreign countries Q
the world, 10 transported under the Bril-.
flag, receiving not only paw for the tran.
p5r.Aiion Of the mails, but also large suit
si3ies and bounties"
| [Continued on 4sh psss.J