davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
An Important Case,

Washington. Special, Dee. ::.--.A question
of NOR" than ordinary interest to the people
of the entire West IS involved IN the case OF
Bardcn VS.. The Northern Pacific. which is
set for special hearing in the supreme court
on Monday, Dee II. The ease comes from
the supreme court of Montana on appeal
and in brief involves the question whether Il
railroad can hold mineral lands occurring
within its grants that were not known TO be
such at the time the company got possess
sion. tn" Montana courts decided the uucS-
ton for the railroad and against Harden,
who ciilmrd title TO lands within limits of
the railroad grants under the mineral laws OF
the United States Attorney General Miller.
owing 10 the Importance of the ease. has
called upon Assistant Attorney General
Shields to help him in preparing the brief
anu making the arguments in tn" case OH
behalf of the United States. The decision
Is said to involve Il larger amount of money
Than amy ease that has been tried for nearly
twenty years. and affects almost every land
grant road in the country.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
ELECTRICAL ETCHINGS.
briefly Told.

Mrs Lease, personally. is claimed by her
friends to be 4 woman OF modest address.
Sir George Trevlyan. Mr.. Gladstonc's Sec
rotary for Scotland. puts it about right
He says we may read books. but we must
read newspapers. n:
Joseph J"ffersons farm is in Louisiana, to
which Mr.. Cleveland has been invited for Il
few days shooting this winter, is twenty
miles from Il RAILROAD station.
The duke of Connaught when appointed
t"mmandcr-in-chicf of the British army
VIII hav" salary of $4,000. and this in
addition To his other cmolumentS from mill
tary titles.
W. +. Swim of Winston " c. has come
int" possession of the left hind foot Of 4
graveyard rabbit. that popular talisman of
good luck. and expects to make !, gift of it
To Mr.. Cleveland
Mark Twains coroner who held an inquest
on an Egyptian Mummy has something like
Il parallel i'll the Buffalo coroner who held
an inquest recently the uncarthed bones
"f Il few indians whose tribe became extinct
prior I" 1850.
onr"n Victoria accompanied by Prince
anu Princess Henry Of Ba,tcnbcry and tn"
Grand Duke and Grand Duchess ScryiuS.
Went yesterday OF. Il special train to Farm
thorough. where the whole party visited cx-
Empress Euycnir.
Schubert was rapid worker He often
composed the music of three or four songs
| i'll Il single night. He died at the early age
| al thiiiT-"nc. vet in his brief lac he com
i'">"d over six hundred songs. besides sever
III operas and MASSES.
ill'il arrangements have been completed
| for the departure Of President elect Clevc-
| ';'nd from lirualWater island on next Sun
| day. Mr.. Cleveland will 90 direct to New
l"rk 'liy. and not stop at Lakewood, y. j..
| where his wife is visiting Mrs. Freeman.
y special warranty deed from Russell T..
| Harrison AMI VIII" and Mrs. Mary II. Me
| k"" and her husband. heirs at law of Mrs.
| Caroline Scott Harrison. WAS recorded
Thursday conveying the Cape May Point
| cottage /" the president.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
MORTON COUNTY.

On Thanksgiving day. the settlers
northwest of town had busy time fight.
ing q prairie fire that seemed to start
near Marmot. Mr.. Blaich, the fire war
der. saw the FIRE first on Wednesday
nie Int, and he started out his young con
TO call up crew to fight the fire. Mr..
Blaich and his Oldest son then set to
work to fight it themselves. The set
tle,s turned out in strong numbers, and
fought the fire till msrning, and finally
got the better of it on section 80, 1S9
and So. Some little hay was burned in
stack, and good deal of grass that
could not very we'll be epared.-Mandan
Pioneer.
Mandan Chapter No. 10. Royal Arch
Masons was instituted and the first Off
GERS installed Friday evening last by
Post Grand High Priest, Frank Ingalls,,
assisted by Il. p. Branch of jamestown.
The membership numbers about thirty
and is MADE up OF the west side mem.
bers of Missouri Chapter No. 1. The
chapter has it's own silver and table
ware and after the installation oere.
monies lunch was served in the hall
for the following visitors: Messrs.
Fisher, Currie, Perkins, Hoskins, Bea].
Spencer. Ransom, Register, Wick.
Beardsley, Eppinger of Bism arcb, and
George Walsh of Grand Forks.-Man.
dan Pioneer.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
4 New Chief of Ordinances.

Washington, Dec :'.--An important change
is lr"tticillly announced. Commodore Fol
ger. chief of ordnance il is stated. has re-
signed !" take place abou, the first of the
ordnance ut the Washington navy yard it
Is said. has been selected to relieve Commu-
dorc FolScr and Capt. j. \. Howell. of the
Gated by Capt. Sampson. Orders were is
sued by tn" navy department to-day de-
1ach;ng Commodore !. :. Skcrrit: rom COM
dering him to assume charge of the Pacific
station about Jan. 10
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Tyvcnty-Yhree Lives Lost.

London. Dee. 1.-The owners of the steam
or GreyStokc have received word that the
vessel has been wrecked to-day ut the
mouth of the Elhr. and that the crew OF
The report yesterday that :: steamer bound
for New York from Il German port had been
evidently lost off the coast of Scotland was
Advertiser. l.loyd'S agents have investi-
gated the report and state that there is no
reason to believe that Il steamer has been
lost,
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

liquids into the head, and the use Of ex-
cltlng snutfs are being superseded by Ely
Cream Balm a cure for Catarrh and colds
in the head.
l have been great sufferer from catarrh
for ten years. could hardly breathe. Some
nights ! could not sleep. l purchased Ely S
working cure surely. l have advised
several friends to use it and with happy re-
suits in every case. 1t is the medicine above
all others Tor catarrh, and it is worth its
weight i'll gold. thank God l have found
remedy l can use with safety and that
does all that is claimed for IT'D. W. Sperry
Hartford, Conn.
Apply Balm into each nostril. 1t is
Quickly Absorbed. Gives Relief at once
Price 50 cents at Druggists or by mail.
ELY BROTHERS, Sc Warren st. New
York.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Maria re of Dr. Il inst or

Milwaukee,, Dec. 3.-Dr. Walter kempster
the famous physician Of Washington. ID. G..
will be married here tomorrow to Mrs
Frances Frazer. widow of the late Mai
Gen. John Frazer. chancellor of the Univer-
Sity of Kansas. The doctor was recently
sent as special commissioner to Russia for
the United States government to report on
the condition of the peasant Immigrants
from that country. and he is well known
throughout the United States
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Land E:ntriex ut CrookstOn.

Crookston. Man. Special. Dec. "a State-
mcnt of the business done by the United
States lan'! office in this city shows that
during the pas three months there have been
over in,o 900 acres of land taken in this dis
trict This is divided up into 10 homestead
entries. Is prescriptions. timber cultures
and l.; cash entries. During the month OF
other entries, comprising about 16. 900 acres
This shows that the Crookston land office
Is one of the most important in the North
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
HE FEARED THE OPAL,
Its Baneful Influence Believed Even
by Father Mollinger,

Its Baneful Influence Believed Even
by Father Mollin9er.
The belief that the opal sheds a
baneiul influence found support even
IN the late Father NIollinger, the VEN
cradle priest physician OF world wide
lame.
Last Winter one OF AlIegheny's lead
ing physicians presented DR.. Cyrus
King with an opal set in pearls. The
pin was an unique piece OF jewelry
and WAS very handsome.
DR.. King was physician for Rev.
Father Mollinger. One night, shortly
before the great priests death, the
doctor was summoned to the pretty
parsonage on Mount Troy. The aged
priest WIS weak, and lay there ap-
parently powerless. He asked the
doctor to come again the next day,
MIR: King informeA him that he was
to leave for New York that night.
The venerable priest was lying on
his bed with his eyes half closed. &C
cordng to the Pittsburg Press. Just
then an attendant turned up the
light and DR.. King moved forward to
say good-by. At that the priest
caught sight of the ever-changing
colors OF the baleful stone.
What, an opal?" he gasped, half
rising in his bed. cts sure to bring
harm to yourself and your friends;
why do you wear it?''
The doctor explained the story of
the gem, but all the time the veneer
able father grew more excited. Final
ly he said: 'If you wear that stone
to New York you will never come back
alive"
The doctor insisted on wearing it,
however, and the priest took the gem
and blessed it. Then, returning it, he
said: ''When you come back l will give
yon a Pin worth wearing.
On returning, the aged priest was as
good as his word, and the doctor was
presented with a magnificent dia-
mond. DR.. King took the pin home,
intending to put in the opal and re-
move the diamond, but he forgot, and
when hurriedly summoned to the
death-bed OF the great priest he still
wore the opal. The father at once no.
ticed it, and remarked: ats flashes
seem to make me weaker; the stone
bodies ill.," Gradually he sank, and the
doctor bent over him 10 catch the
beating OF his heart. The fathers
eyes opened and rested on the ftful
colorings OF the strange stone, and
watching it, his spirit went out.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
VI, BrissOn Gives 1t Tn.

Paris. Dec. 3-M. Brisson. who was re-
lccted by President Garnet to form Il new
ministry. has abandoned the undertaking,
and the political situation is more muddletl
than ever NJ. BrSSOn. in explaining his
failure. says he desired to form IL cabinet
that would cooperate with all the fac
tons. but the refusal Of NJ. Perrier to enter
the combination and the dcc!ination of NJ.
Bourgeois to accept the portfolio of the in
terror forced him to abandon his task. Pres
ident CarnOt has charged NJ. Perrier to
form Il cabinet.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Fireworks and IL Banquet.

jamestown, n. D.. Special, Dec Sat a
meeting Of the Democratic club in this city
it was decided to arrange for a non bipartisan
reception to GOv.-Elect ShOrtridge and other
state officials. A. committee was appointed
to fix the date and carry out the programme.
There will be torchlight procession and
lowed by public reception and banquet at
Gladstone.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Raising University Funds.

Washington. Dee. "a meeting WAS held
1T Mis-. John 4. Lo=anS residence last night
AT Which he first steps were taken toward
securing I'll" Sl.Wm.0OU which he women
propose to raise for the Methodist unvers-
ity. A permanent organization WAS effected,
which will be known as the university
iraEur, and under its auspices the work Of
raising the money will be carried on. The
women will enter heartily into the work in
hand. particularly as ii is the understands
ing that they will he entitled to the priv
ilrgcs and benefits Of the university.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Senator Gibson Dying.

Hot Springs, Ark. Dec. 3.-Senator Glib
son tonight is very low. There has been
hI; little change in his condition during
the past twentyfour hours. and the doc
tor> "ay that his death may be expected at
any moment.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

Simpson. Ont. Dec. 3.-AnneXation was
the main demonstration here last night.
Nearly 1000 voters assembled in the opera
house and listened TO speeches in favor of
annexation by Henry Nation and Henry
Huntley. A vote was taken, which resulted
-; to remain us at present, 81 at the close
of the meeting some persons raised the
Stars and Stripes amid applause, while the
Union Jack was Kissed.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
A Mammoth Competition,

$1,000 in prizes for the best seven stories
was what The Youths Companion offered
5000 for the best Serials, and $1,000 Tor
the best Folklore tales. No less than 9, :.
N stories competed for these prizes. The
successful stories are just announced to APP
By Sending $l.75 at once you will obtain
the paper FREE to January and Tor Il
full year, to January '94. Address TIE
IoUTH's COMPANION, Boston, Mass.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

Salvation Oil has the enviable distinction
of being synonym for cure of rheunia
tism, neuralgia, govt, and kindred atfec
lions, such US sciatica, ticdouloureux etc.
1t is growing more popular daily. The
people will have it. 25 cts.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
A NEWSBOY'S NERVE.
How He Gave Pointers to Jude
on the Bench.

on the Bench.
A boy who measured three feet three
inches in height stood before JUS
tice Ryan recently. He was 6-year-
old Joseph NIilitch, of PAP Elizabeth
street. Under his left arm he held a
bundle of evening newspapers. A rag.
ged hat was stuffed in o. hole in his
blue calico waist.
Agent Fitch OF the Gerry society,
explained that he had found the boy
selling papers in front OF q concert hall
in the Bowery.
Before the boy could speak in his
own defense second figure, smaland
ragged, slipped up to the prisoners
railing, and said:
"Dis is a horse on me, je'ge. Dis MID
is me brudder. buys de papers, an
de pair NV us sells 'em. He does de
biz an put up de capital. He's only
a kid, an people buys from him out
NV pity. l buys; he sells. People buys,
an we both makes money.
81 think III put both OF you in the
hands OF the society" said the court
"HoIy gallumpums, iedge," howled
the orator, "daJ's a touch deal. Yer
plays way beyo de limit an l can't
call yer. Besides dat, ledge, it's all
right to send kid up, but it's too
near election to coop the hoaters,' u
and the lO.year-old speaker nodded his
head convincingly.
"um," unused the court, and he sent
the smaller boy to the st. Francis
Protectory and released the orator.
N. Y. Sun.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
GRAND FORKS uuuhrY.

W. J. Anderson, formerly receiver of
the United States land office at Grand
Forks, tells the Northern Farmer that
tie area of the Red Lake reservation is
4. co... 600 acres; 70 per cent is timber
land; Is per cent in pine timber is not
subj ect to entry. but will be sold by the
government Not over 10 per cent of
the tract is good for cultivation. The
soil is sandy, but it is fine stock
country,
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Some horticulturists claim, that
seedlings usually will stand most cold.

Ifpersons would bring to bear the same
amount of common sense. in buying a rem
e.dy for bronchitis cough cold and Group,
that they do in the purchase oftheir family
supplies. they would never fail to procure
Dr. Bulls Cough Syrup.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Clean up the garden patch even
you do not pillow it this fall.
Deafness Cannot be Cured

Deafness Cannot be Cured
by local applications as they cannot reach
one way to cure deafness and that is by con-
sututional remedies. Deafness is caused by an in
,achan Tube. When his tube is infnmed YOU
have q rumbling sound or imperfect hearing
ana when it il tirely closed. Deafness IL the "a
subj and unless the Inflammation can be taken
out and this tube restored to its normal cond
'lon. nearing will be destroyed forever nine
out OF ten are caused by catarrh. which is moth
ing but an infamed condition OF the mucous
We will give One Hundred Dollars for any case
OF Deainsss (calsed by cntarrh) that cannot be
free. + 7 CHENEY T. 60 Toledo n
NJ Sold by Druggists. zoe
The cabbage crop is short. If you
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

Vice President-elect Stevenson will travel
from Bloomington to Washington on q
special train, which has already been ar
ranged for by the Democrats Of his home.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
NORTH DAKOTA.
Tho News From Over the State Con.
densee and Made Interesting
by Towns.
WALSH COUNTY.

WALSH COUNTY.
The house of W. +. Sheppard of
Acton was totally destroyed by fire last
week.
A Norwegian from Dundee, who had
run up against too much of the "blind
pigs" was seen in the streets of Grafton
Saturday evening with his fogers badly
ohewed up. He was bare headed and
yelling to find q doctor.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Du{uiIl.


Duluth. Special Dee. h---D"pu1y Sheriff
Al FL" of Marlicld, on til" Mrs::1a range.
had a terrible encounter ycStrrd;l; with four
thugs VIII" attempted to do up .Ic<. Crit pro-
prir"r of tn" Grant house. Fee attempted
Ia arrest Ed Madden. the leader of the gang,
while uilarmr,l and Singl"-handrd. and was
set upon by Madden. who weighs over 200
pounds. and three other men who beat his
face 10 Il jelly. Fee immediately got three
other men and followed them to Il saloon.
There were al"nt thirty people in the roorl
and Fee said, ''ientlemcn. | am here to ar
rest Ell Madden. The first one who makes Il
move to stop me will kill in his tracks, v
and then he started for Madden. who again
assaulted him but the deputy was as agile as
Il cat. and soon had him thrown on the floor
and handcuf"d. The next morning Fee
started after the other three members of the
gang. He could find no trace of the fourth
man. bur found O'Neill and arrested lin
after Il sharp resistance. The supply of
handrutfS ran out and the officer waited for
the arrival of Deputy Sheriff Ross. who was
on hand an hour or two later and then they
together arrested John MARITIME All were
brought to Duluth and jailed
The coal fire on he Northwestern docks
which are located at West Superior.
continues to burn furiously and seems to be
eating its way through thousands of tons of
coal. Hard work is hrn,. done by the COM
pany'S men to save the pile. but Il great
deal of it must he lost. The fire is worse to-
day than III amy previous time. Water is
ing water int" the burning mass. The WI
ter is hcin= supplied by fire tugs. There is
10 doubt now illat the company is in for u
serious fire.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

Park Rapids. Mimi. Special. Dec. s.
Three Indians made Il deer drive in the
vicinity of Lake Itusca and killed twenty.
four. This IS the largest reported.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
DICKEY COUNTY.

DR.. W. @. Langdon, state veterinary,
was called to this vicinity to examine q
plumber OF horses said to be affected
with the glanders And after invest
igating the matter he found it necessary
to quarantine four head. He also per-
formed the operation of neurotomy on o
brown pony suffering from ravioular
disease, belonging to Mr.. VinBle. The
pony was perfectly useless before the
operation was performed. The opera.
ton relieved the sore feet perfectly by
partially removing sensation and
rendering the animal free from pain
whtn driven -OAkes Independent.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
The cabbage crop is short. If yo1
have any do not waste them.
YOUR HEALTH.

The citadel OF life must be guarded
at two points. In the first place there
danger of taking cold, we take cold
through the skin and this affects the
Kidneys and the lungs. So intimately
are these organs connected, that a
:old affects both. In order to relieve
The system, both should be treated,
Or rather, the whole system sh ould be
regulated. This is done by Reid's
German Cough & Kidney Cure. It
acts as a stimulant and restores the
organs to action. The other weak
spot is the digestion. When the food
does not digest, it accumulates and
causes fever, sickness and death. The
Laxative Gum Drops will remove all
waste material from the system and
DO it without pain or gripping. Ask
your druggist for these remedies and
see that he gives them to you.
SYLVAN REMEDY CO., Peoria. III.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

soapsuds and tobacco juice applied
to tree makes a dose that is fatal
to bark lice, saws an exchange.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

Tailor-AIr. Overdue, l hear that
you are about to be married to Miss
Bullion. Allow me to congratulate
you.
Overdue, extending his hand
Allow me to congratulate you
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

Some men are very ready to offer a
remedy for everything. The other day
we remarked to one ofthese animated
apothecary shops: can idea struck
US yesterday-'
And before we could finish, he ad-
vised US: Rub the affected parts with
arnica!"
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
A Child Enjoys

The pleasant flavor, gentle action and
soothing effect OF Syrup Of Figs when in
need of u laxative, and if the father or
mother be costive or bilious, the most graft
flying results follow its use; so that it is the
best family remedy known and every fam
; lily should have bottle.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
THE MARKETS.

CHlCAGO-WHEAT-No. . sprin:. 1T
Mo- spring. Gito6>c No red 7l!c.
COEN-No - 42c.
OATs-No. =, Bic; No. 5 white. 333t to34c.
RYE-No. .. 4.c.
BAELEY-No. ;, &c
MINNEAPOLIS-W hard
1o.c. No. Northern; CSC; No. Northern
G21toG31c.
CoES-No. > yellow llc
OATS-No. :; white, She
RYE--No. >, 43!.
BAELEy-No. 3, 3Stol5c
ST. rAtl-WnEAr No, hard. 7lto72c
No. Northern, Gsto70c: No. Northern
C5 toG7c.
CoES-No.3. 39tol)c.; No. yello ", 40 to
4lc.
OArS-No. . osto29c No. white 2o1 to
304c.; Nos, 26to27.
BARLEY AND RYE-No. 3 barley, IS to Acc
No. > rye. 4StooOC. malt 6Uto1Oc.
GROUND FEED AND MILLsTUFFs-No
$3.50; to l6. No., $16.OUtol6.50; No. 50
$l6. 5oto$l1.OO low grade, $3.50 to 10; com
meal, bolted, $50 to %. do unbolted, $lJ.2
to $3.50, bran, bulk, 800 to 1880.
LIVE STOCK.
81. PAll.-P Prime steers, S3.25 to , Ga
good steers, $2.13 to -; prime cows, 81
10 2G5; good COWS, $l.yo TO 225: common
TO fair COWS. 81 TO 1.75: light veal calves
$500 to 4.25; heavy calves, $1.75 to 2.75
S'ockers, Sl,i5 to = 10; feeders, SLID to 2.775
bulls, 81 to >: hogs. So. 80 to 800.
CHlCAGO-Beeves. 1913 to 6.2j; goot
TO choice, Sl25 10 1925, Others s.. 50 to 4. Is
Texans. S22.25 10 S5.25: hogs rough and COM
mon. 500 to 800; packing and shipping
$40 to g. butchers and mediums $3.50 tt
o.31 fancy hcavy, $500 to GU.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
The Blockade Continues.

Blunt, S. b.. Special. Dec. THE .carci-
ty Of cars at this point and consequent slow
shipment of grain is not abatiug, and there
is II feeling of dissatisfaction with the rail
roads in consequence. But the fact is the
yield of grain has been so enormous as to
surprise the arrangements of the different
roads and for once they are caught mapping
and with inadequate facilities for handling
the produce. Soft coal is also very scarce.
and If there should come a spell Of cold
weather there might be some suffering.
/, Saw MIL and Lumber Destroyed.
Tacoma. Dec. 2.--Fire last night de-
Hstfoyed Harris saw mill aud about $4,000
feet OF dressed lumber. Loss. SOS, 600.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08

Don't throw away time and seed
wheat by sowing it in the clods.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1892-12-08
Tenement House Fire.

New York. Dec. 3.--The thrce-story frame
tenement house. No. 319 Flushing avenue,
Williamsburg. caught fire today and burned
so rapidly that many tenants were forced to
leap from their windows Following is a
list of killed and injured: Michael Doyle,
jumped and was killed: Nellie Doyle. four
years ola. was killed by jumping from the
death. James Murray. with his six children,
lived on the second ftar and We're badly
burned. William Grimes and his mother
We're seriously burned. The ire originated
from spark from the pipe in the cellar.
Florence Nightingale is still living. She
is seventy-two years of age and Is seldom