The Goodland republic. [volume] (Goodland, Kan.) 1891-1907, 1892-07-29
Popular Talks on Law.
NO. 5.


In 1882 two penninSulars lying on
the ocean, Chesapeake bay ana Potomac
river, excepting the tip end OF the
outer one, were given to George CAL
vert, Lord Baltinorr, by Charles J..
By this charter Calvert became the
proprietor Of the soil and empowered
to m ke laws for the government OF
the company to be called Maryland.
Calvert SO planted the colony in 1884,
and the charter except during \ brief
interval, continued in force until 177l.
By provision of the charter to CAL
vert the consent OF the freemen Of the
colony was necessary in the enact
ment of laws, which secured for them
from the first a voice in government
and finally q representative assembly.
The Car0linas had their origin in
two charters, OF dates 1868 and 1865
The territory being that part OF the
continent from sea to sea, between the
twenty-ninth and thirty-sixth and one
half degrees Of latitude. BY these
charters the land was given to eight
lords proprietors. In time two groups
of settlements were made, one on the
shore OF Albermarle Sound. the other
south of Cape Fear river. In 1929 the
proprietors surrendered their charters
to the Crown and the settlements were
divided into royal colonies. North
Carolina and South Carolina. The
charters to the proprietors above men,
toned contained provisions authorlz-
ing the making Of plantations. the en-
actment OF laws with the consent of
the freemeu, and the appointment Of
governors.
As to Georgia, the FIRST settlement
was made Mt Savannah, in 1888. In
the year before George II. had created
a company that he styled "rrustees
for establishing the colony Of Georgia,
in America" The following are
stated to be objects of the new colony:
To strengthen the province of Caro-
lima by creating new one between it
and the SpanisrdS and Indians, to pro-
vide refuge for poor debtors in Eng.
land; to open an asylum for the porse-
cuted protestants in England; and to
promote the christanization and civil
ization of the Indians. The territory
lay between the Savannah and Attain.
aha rivers The trustees mentioned
in the charter were to make the laws
and appoint the governors. In 1851
the trustees gave up their charter, and
Georgia became royal colony.
The early colonies were insulated
and independent of one another--scat-
tered throughout the wilderness of the
new world there was little commun-
ication between AZ first. and no con-
cert Of action in government or in
defense against the Indians. Each
colony had its ambitions, its own
plans, its own spirits and methods
Some made their laws rs Independent
Of the mother country. having neither
authority nor charter; others mad,
their laws subject to the consent o
the King or his representative. Som,
elected their own governors, Others
recognized governor appointed BY
royal authority.
Three classes of colonies varying &C
cording to the method OF their cstab
llshment and government, may b,
distinguished, viz: /. Charter colonies
2, Proprietary colonies; 8. Royal o
Provincial colonies.
To the FIRST class belong the col
onies of Massachusetts, Connection
and Rhode Island, To the second
the colonies Vt Pennsylvania, Delwar,
and Maryland. To the third, the col
onies of New Hampshire, New York
New Jersey, Virginia, the Carolina
and Georgia.
In the case Of the charter colonies
the charters were written document
guaranteeing to the people certai
rights; their source was the King. 1
the case of proprietary colonies, tn
proprietors were William Penn an
Lord Baltimore and their derendantt
They held their territories by patent
or charters emanating from the King
the proprietors in turn granted to tn
people certain rights and priviledge'
In the case of the royal colonies, tn
King granted no patent or charter
nevertheless from time 10 time certai
concessions were made by the King
which formed Fort of traditions
charter. The governors of these co
onies administered laws in conformit
with written instructions given froI
time to time by the crown.