davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1892-06-22
At Franklin Park

Boston, June 2l.-Although extremely
hot. large crowd went to Saugus to-day
to see the opening races in the June meet
ing at Franklin Park. Two races were
on the card, and were quite exciting.
Summaries:
ee-for-all pacing, purse S500-Banco
Jr., 4; Queen Gothard, 3; Jewett, 3 best
time 2;lS1a.
2:40 class, trotting. purse S500-Pansy
Blossom, Merry Bird, 2; Naaman, 3;
best time 2:27Sl
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1892-06-22
Results at sheepshead Bay.

SHEEPsHEAD BAY, L. l., June 2l. First
race, five furlons-Lady Violet, 1; Don
Alonzo, 2; Alice Bruce, 3; time, Loo.
Second race, five furlongs-Elsino colt,
1; Thistle, 2: Salutation, 9; time LOS.
Third race, the Volunteer handicap,
mile and quarter-Fidello, /; Shellbark,
2; Mars, 3; time 2:0S 2-5
Fourth race, the Sheepshead Bay han
dicap, mile and furlong-Tournamen
l; Maidstone, y; Banquet, ~ time, 1866
Fifth race, seven furlongs-Onward, 1:
Contribution, 2; Entire, 3; time, 1:271z
Sixth race, mile and quarter, on turf
-Warpath, 1; Airshaft, =; English Lady,
3; time, 2:1i 1-5
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29
Applying leo to Fruit Trees.

There is fruit grower in Kentucky who
evidently thinks great deal while sitting
under the shade of his own vine and fgtree.
He noticed that in three out of five years
his best apples and peaches were killed by
March frost, and he set himself the problem
of finding some means of so prolonging the
winter in his latitude that the trees would
not wake from their hibernal sleep until
spring was far advanced. After trying
various experiments he hit on the idea of
digging a circular trench around the roots
of each tree, filling it with pounded snow
and ice, and then covering up with thick
stratum of clay. The plan was perfectly
successful. The ice melted, but so slowly
that it's influence kept back the flowers
from three to four weeks.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29
A TEST FOR THE EYES.
1t Ob7iates the Tedious Trials Opti-
clans Have for Patients
THE DETECTION OF FIRE DAMP
A Fruit Grower Who Defeats Jack Frost BY
PiIing Ice Around Trees.
ODD BITS OF EVERY DAY SCIENCE
WRITTEN FOR THE DIsPATCH.I

The necessity for visit to an optician Is
one of those things that comes to all men
soon or late, and when it does come 1t usu-
ally involves tedious and formidable ex-
animation. The theory of the optically
perfect eye is that parallel rays of light en-
tering 1t are brought to focus on its retlna.
Any deviation from this condition consri-
tutes an error of refraction, and requires
for its correction an artificial variation of
the luminous rays- The generally adopted
method of determining the refraction of the
eye is to use test types placed at such dis
tance that the rays of light emanating from
them may be regarded in practice as paral-
lel;. and the deviation from parallelism ne
cessary to correct refractive error is
effected by placing lens in front of the
eye. There are many other methods of
changing the course of luminous rays COM
ing from test object, and of these the sim
gle convex lens is the simplest and the most
often used in optometry.
Some of the instruments used do not serve
to determine the visual aeuteness because
of the change in the size OF the retinal i'm
age which they produce; the measure of Fis-
ual acuteness is given by the size of the re-
tinal image, and the acuteness of vision in
one eye is comparable with that in another
only when the size of the smallest retinal
image that each can distinguish is known.
An ordinary optometer is fitted for the SIM
ultaneous determination of visual acuteness
and refraction only on condition that the
retinal images of all eyes examined by it
have the same size
A new instrument is being used by tho
most progressive opticians, which fulfills all
the required conditions, without the disad-
yantages of the single convex lens. The in
strument consists of a cylindrical tube about
10 centimeters long, mounted on stand
and so fixed as to admit of regulation for
height and inclination. 1t contains convex
and concave lenses so disposed that as the
patient looks into it the state of his vision
can be quickly ascertained, and thus the
usual somewhat trying ordeal of prolonged
examination is dispensed with.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29

night, but are occasionally startled from
their hiding places during the day. They
seek the darkest corners and wriggle their
way through the folds OF clothing for the
proper places for oviposition.
The Larvae Construct Cases.
The larve Matching from the eggs con-
struct cases for themselves out of fragments
of cloth upon which they are feeding. The
case is cylindrical in shape and is en-
larged from time to time by the larva as it
grows. This enlargement is accomplished
by the insertion of cores. The larva be-
comes full grown toward winter and re-
mains quiet until spring, when it transforms
to pupa within its case, the end of which
it closes with silk. AT this time they are by
no means always found in the immediate
vicinity of the places where they have been
working, as they instinetiYely crawl away,
sometimes mounting quite to the ceiling of
the room or closet in which they have de-
yeloped and attaching their cases in the
angle between the ceiling and the wall.
All corners and cracks should therefore
be searched for these cocoons when house
cleaning is done in the fall or spring. The
third species, Tinea tapetzella, as shown in
hgure 4, is vividly marked with black on
the basal half of its front wings, which are
white from the middle out. In habit this
insect resembles the others, but its larya, as
previously stated, forms silken gallery
mixed with fragments OF cloth, and DESTROYS
much mrre material than it needs for food.
1t remains concealed in some portion of its
gallery and rapidly retreats to another place
when disturbed.
How TO Get Rid of the Pests.
The remedies for all these moths are the
same, and comprehend thorough house
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29
Patent DivininS Bottle. .

In connection with the subject of curiosi-
ties of patent offices a well-known technical
and scientific writer mentions peculiar
patent that was taken out in England by an
American in 1889. The object Of the inven-
tion was to enable precious metals to be
discovered by process commonly known
as divination, and it consists in a compost
tion which has a strong attraction and
affinity for gold and silver. the attraction
resembling somewhat that of magnetism -
The composition, which was made up of
gold, silver, quicksilver and copper, was
placed in a small vial or flask, with guam
tity OF dilute nitric or tartaric acid, or pure
alcohol, and to the neck of the flask was at
tached cord about 20 inches in length. The
wording of the patent proceeds: 'In using
my gold and silver finder the instrument is
held, preferably by the thumb and fore
finger of the right hand, and steadied with
the left hand. 1t should be held steady, but
not cramped. Then, if there are any
precious metals in the immediate neighbor-
hood, the flask will be attracted by such
metals and will move toward them at first
and will then vibrate, thus indicating
presence of the metal sought for"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29
MANNERS AMONG THE GAUcHos.
Peculiar Etiquette Observed at tho Table
Even by the Savages.

Peculiar Etiquette Observed at tho Table
Even by the Savages.
Probably there is no people in the world
SO uncivilized as not to have among them
selves a code of manners, more or less
strictly defined, says the Youths Companion
Mr.. Bishop, while on his thousand-mile
walk across South America, was impressed
with this fact He describes rude meal
which he shared with company of cart
whose company he was then travelling.
We encamped near q swamp, and supped
upon sliced pumpkins, boiled with bits of
meat and seasoned with salt The meal
was served in genuine pampa fashion; one
iron spoon and two cows horns, split in
halves, were passed around the group, the
members of which squatted upon their
launches, and freely helped themselves
from the kettle.
Even in this most uncivilized form of
satisfying hunger there is a peculiar eti-
quette, which the most lowlv peon invaria-
bly, observes. Each member of the company
in turn dips his spoon, or horn, into the
center of the stew, and draws it in direct
line toward him, never allowing it to de-
viate to the right or the left By observing
this rule, each person eats without inter
fering with his neighbor Being ignorant
of this custom, dipped my horn into the
mess at random, and fshed about for some
of the nice bits Ny companions regarded
this horrid breach of politeness with scowls
of impatience. They declared, with some
warmth, to the cook that gringos did not
know how to eat, and, las they lived upon
dogs in their own distant country, they
came to the great Argentine Republic to
get food and grow fat on the gauchos"
apologized as well as 1 could, and en-
deavored thereafter to eat according to
gaucho etiquette.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29

gone professors. 1t is enough to make
them turn in their graves. Instead of worn
out ministers and lawyers, women are to-
day at the head of colleges, or are the power
behind the throne. And some people, even
men, admit that we are coming close to
the Agustan age in educational work
A Leader of the Profession.
Miss Helen Z. Pelletreau, President of
Pennsylvania College, stands at the head of
the list of women educators of Western
PENNSYLVANIA. For IA years she has been
in charge of Pennsylvania College and
during the time the schools advance has
been rapid. With larger means there is no
reason why it may not advance to the rank
Of Wellesley, Nassar or Smiths. In its
home-lize qualities it is probably far ahead
Of any of those schools, for Miss Pelletreau
takes personal interest in each one of her
pupils
Miss Pelletreau comes of good old New
England family, notable representatives. of
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29

for more important work, that OF prepar-
ing classes for European travel She has
given in book her ideas of education for
the young. Her first principle is to inspire
desire for knowledge. Besides her literary
work Miss KillikelIy ranks high in the city
as musician and organist.
Miss Killikelly is about the medium
height, is reserved in manner and has fine
intellectual face that lights up wonderfully
when she talks on one of her favorite SUBJ
iects, art or music. Her pupils include
women of the highest social rank in the
city, and one NAV see the same women that
grow most enthusiastic at the afternoon
lecture over fine painting or piece of rare
marble leading the fashionable cotillons of
the evening.
Tho Rulers of Mont, Ste. Ursule.
Without something in regard 10 the good
sisters OF Mont Ste Ursule, whose work,
although it has gone on so modestly, is most
important, this article would be incomplete.
Mother Francis, the present superior is the
sister of her predecessor, Mother st. Ger
trude, and at the expiration of the latter's
term was elected BY the nuns Both ladies
are remarkable for their wide and thorough
intellectual attainments as well as for re-
fnement of face and high-bred manners.
They are greatly beloved by the pupils over
whom their influence for good is boundless.
The graceful, modest maidens with their
ladylike ways and manifold accomplish
ments make one wish convent education
more popular than it is if it really could
eradicate the Daisy Miller type of girl
Miss Jennie Ralston, principal of the
Normal School, on Miller street, connected
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29

Albion School On the solicitation of the
Board of Control, and at an advanced sal
ary. she, in 1887, returned to the Normal
School She has a wonderful fund of gen.
eral knowledge, is at once enthusiastic and
thorough in her work, to which facts may
be attributed much of her success
Mrs. A. H. Norcross, wife of the Presi-
dent of the Pittsburg Female College, has
been intimately connected with the work of
the college during her husbands term of
office. She acts as its preceptress, and some
years ago was engaged as an active teacher.
Mrs Norcross is very much admired and re-
spected by the school.
An Example of What a Woman Can Do.
Miss Martha j. Grant is principal of the
Grant School, which has long been at the
van in the yearly struggle for odmissIon to
the High School. The high rank of the
school during the Is years which she has
been at its head has been great factor In
the advance of women in local school work.
rs those of her own sex point with pardon
able pride to the Grant Schools record as
an example of what a woman can do She
is a woman of great force of character,
genial and progressive. She was one of the
pupils of Prof. John Kelly at the First
ward, Allegheny, High School, and first
taught in Allegheny. She soon came to
the Grant School, and in April of 1879 sue
ceeded the Hon. H I. Gourley as princi-
pal.
Miss NJ A. Hunter, principal of the
Bellefeld Schools, Oakland, has probably
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29

Mss H. a. Hu'a'e'. among her fellow
teachers as well as among wide circle of
friends. In 1888 Miss Hunters value to
the school was proved by its board electing
her for term o1 three years instead of the
usual one year term.
Miss Maggie E Hare can do many things
we'll beside controlling the machinery of
one of the largest schools on the Southside.
She was a pupil in the institution where
she now is Principal, the Birmingham.
Some of her ex-pupils are members of the
School Board, and all but of its 13 teach
ers were her pupils. She began at the foot
OF the ladder, the first grade, and gradually
worked her way to the top. She has always
lived in the Twenty-eighth ward. At the
yearly examinations for High School her
pupils always stand high. and are said to
be specially proficient in writing and draw
ing. The school has the reputation of doing
the best marching in the city and having
the best hammered boys and girls, although
their surroundings are not always the best.
A Public-Spiritpd Teacher.
Miss Hare was one of the pioneers in the
local Chautauqua literary movement, and is
a graduate in the first class of the c. /. s.
C. Several summers ago she spent a
few months In Europe, where her wide
reading and quick perceptive faculties en-
abled her to see much that escaDes other
tourists. On her return, at the earnest CO.
licltation OF several literary and benevolent
societies, she lectured on what she had seen
abroad, the result of her observations being
given in bright original talks that were EN-.
inently successful. Miss Hare is actively
interested in charitable work, the South
side Hospital being one of her tayorjte char
tiles. She is prominent in the Central
Young Woman's Christian Association
work, holding responsible position on il,
Educational Committee. She was elected
Principal of the Birmingham School in
1882.
Miss Mary McElroy, Principal of the
Hancock School, has the pleasant reputa-
tion of possessing more friends than she
can count in a months vacation. Likewise
her school has the delightful reputation of
having last year rivsled the Grant School in
coming out first best on the High School e1-
animation. She taught four years at the
Grant School under Superintendent Luckey
and then accepted better position at the
Hancock School. In 1885 she succeeded
Prot. j. c. Dolan as Principal. She has a
winning manner that explains in great
her skill in governing. Tall and
fine looking, with plenty of ambition and
talent, the future has great possibilities for
her
Miss Jennie Simpson, who, two wears ago.
succeeded the veteran teacher. Prof Leon,
ard II. Eaton, in the principalship of the
Forbes School, is, with two exceptions, at
the head OF the largest school in Allegheny
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29
Stone Cornice Cutter.

An ingenious instrument is now used In
Italy for the cutting of stone cornices,
holdings, balustrades, etc. The general
features of the machine are very similar to
those of the ordinary metal planning ma
chine. The stone to be operated upon is
firmly clamped on the bed, to which re-
ciprocating motion is impaired by suitable
mechanism. The cutting tools are carried
OIL saddle plate capable of horizontal
movement upon a slide by means of screw
and handle. The slide is, in turn, capable
of vertical adjustment on slide pillars by
means of bevel gearing and screws. The
machine turns out 16 feet of cornice, well
finished, in 20 minutes.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29
NOT QUITE THE SAME,
A Guide Who Persisted in Using Bad English
Instead of Indifferent French.

A Guide Who Persisted in Using Bad English
Instead of Indifferent French.
Pearson's Weekly
Slight mistakes in speaking a foreign Ian
guage, or in understanding it when some one
else speaks it, are commonly nothing more
than amusing, but member of the Alpine
Club mentions an instance of a more serious
nature. He was climbing one of the Alps
with guide, who, as he says, persisted in
talking bad English instead of Indifferent
French.
My guide had just crossed a snow bridge
over a wide crevasse, and turned to await
ME on the farther side. asked him If it
was weak; he answered, "No strong"
Naturally 1 attempted to walk across it
instead of crawling. 1 had almost reached
the other side when the bridge gave way,
and after delirious scramble to save N.Y.
self, subsidized helplessly into the crevasse.
However, I did not 60 far, and when I
had crawled out with snow down nv neck
and up my arms and in all my pockets, 1
discovered that nv friend meant "Not
strong" Istrongly enjoined him to reserve
his English henceforth for use in the valleys.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29

tees never Tor a mo- Miss Hare
ment thought a woman capable of holding
so responsDle position. Women as col
lege presidents were rarer than they are
now. But during her term as Acting Presi-
dent, Miss Pelletreau DISPLAYED great busi-
ness insight and executive ability, and the
trustees, who to their credit be it recorded,
knew a good thing when they saw it, lost
10 tine in electing her to the vacant presi-
Cency. Since that time her history has
been the history of the school During the
past wear the pupils of the college have
been eudeavOring TO raise money for the
founding Of a scholarship in the school, to
be named in honor of their President, the
Helen PelIetreau scholarship. 1t is to be
devoted to the use of such worthy students
as are unable to complete their course on
account OF lack OF means.
Taught school When a Child.
Mrs. r. J. Coster, lady principal of Bow
man Institute, was born teacher. When a
little girl in beautiful Maryland home it
was her delight to gather around her the
small darkles of the plantation and en-
deayor TO lmpart to them the latest bit of
Information she mad CLEANED from books or
goyeness When she grew to be a Young
lady she had her classes among the slaves
on the estate, and taught them how to read
and write, as well as instructed them in the
ElIelt u ANAAo Vi lGAlBlOll. I1Bf WOrk among
the negroes soon began to be noticed and
talked OF. When a number of benevolent
people in Baltimore started a mission school
for the benefit q: such slaves as could pro-
cure their masters permission to attend,
she was asked to become one of the teachers,
and, although one Of the youngest, was one
Of its most successful instructors.
When the war came, and through the
freeing Of the slaves she lost her in
heritance, what had before been only
pastime she determined to make her life
work. Soon alter the war she came to
Pittsburg with her husband who was in
vited to the principalship of Bishop Bow
man Institute al Penn avenue and Fourth
street At that time the school was
rather run down, but in year the ability
of DR.. Coster and his talented wife began
10 have very evident effects Mrs Coster's
education was obtained through govern
esses and private tutors of whom She had
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29

in case. Fig. +Tinea tapet Zella (enlarged),
cleaning, such as had been indicated under
he head of the Buffalo carpet beetle, as we'll
as great precautions in putting away winter
clothing during the summer. This is a SUBJ
iect upon which almost every housekeeper
has her own ideas. In practice 1 have
found that paper bags and linen pillow
cases answer the purposes very well, while
l have also recommended the use of tailors'
large pasteboard delivery boxes, closed by
strip of paper pasted around the lid. These
boxes are cheap and spacious, and clothes
may be packed in them to the best adyan-
tage. 1t is of supreme importance that the
clothes should contain no eggs or Larvae
when they are packed away, and with this
in view they should be thoroughly beaten
and exposed for some hours to the direct
rays of the sun, and even, when it can be
done without damage or discomtoH, sprayed
with benzine.
In the Northern States, as just indicated,
the moths lay from May to the 1st OF
August. After the latter date tn ere is lit
tie danger that eggs will be laid. In the
South, however, additional precautions
must be taken, as second brood of moths
will be developed, which will lay their eggs
up to date in the fall. In rooms kept at a
uniform high temperature from late in the
fall until early in the spring, there NAV be
two generations even in the North, and this
point must be borne in mind.
C. V. RILEY.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29


One of our very worst pests, but one which
fortunately is still confined to the more
Northern States, is. singularly enough, a
European insect which is not noted as doing
much damage abroad. 1t is the so-called
buffalo bug or buffalo moth, and though not
strictly moth, may be reasonably consid-
cred in this article on account of the charac-
ter of the damage which it does The buffalo
carpet beetle, as it should perhaps more
properly be called, is small, grayish-
brown beetle, with red and whitish spots
upon its back. 1t is seldom noticed in this
condition, but it lays eggs from which hatch
rather elongate. brown, hairy larvae, which
are known to housekeepers from Portland
to Chicago. In this form the insect is
thicker toward the head, and perhaps from
its humped-up appearance the name "Buf-
falo' was originally applied to it, although
there is another theory that it first appeared
near the city of Buffalo, N. Y.
An Importation That Thrived,
As before stated, it occurs in Europe, but
upon its introduction into this country,
like so many introduced pests, it spread
and multiplied with astonishing rapidity,
and at present does more damage in single
year than it had done in the generations in
which it has been known to naturalists in
the old country. There has been a more or
less marked change of habit since its in
PRODUCTION, but the reason for the greater
damage which it does with us lies princi-
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1892-05-29
Automatic Detection of Fire Damn.

A valua BILE addition to the many forms Of
apparatus used for the detection of fire damp
has been made in the introduction of an au-
tomato detector of great sensitiveness and
absolute certainty of action. A series of
tubes through which the air of the most
dangerous points of the mine pumped, ara
conducted into chamber in which is .
lighted Bunsen burner When the gases
contain more than per cent of methane,
the mixture ignites and moves a valve,
with strikes gong and thus gives warning.
Smaller quantities of explosive gas can be
detected by adding to the mixture known
quantities of 1nethane. Another advantage
of the apparatus is that the condition OF the
air of mine can be ascertained before any
one enters the workings