Crawford avalanche., 1892-12-15

rates Of wages that Would not not only give DdSRs daily
FOR those SSSRy home attrsctions 'Asls and family
comforts and enjoyment without which life
is neither hopeful nor sweet They are Ameri-
whom our constitution and government were
framed and instttuted-andt IL cannot be per-
version OF that constitution to so iegislate as
10 preserve In their homes the comfort. inde-
pendence, loyalty. and sense of interest In the
government which are essential TO good citt-
sensnip In peace and which will bring this
the flag when IL Is assailed.
Results OF the Election.
II H. not NY purpose to renew here the argu-
ment In favor OF q protective tarif. The re-
suit OF the recent election must be accepted as
having introduced a new policy. We must as
sumo that the present tariff, constructed upon
the lines OF protection, Ia to be repealed, and
law constructed solely with reference to reye-
nue.; that the duty is 20 be higher not
because the increase will keep open an
OF an American workman, but that In
every case suoh rate OF duty is to be
imposed as will bring TO the Treasury of the
The contention has not been between, sched-
ules, but between principles, and It would be
Offensive to suggest that the prevailing party
will not carry into effect the pledges given to
the people. The tariff bills passed by the
House OF Representatives at its last session
were, as 1 supposed, even in the opinion of
only by the fact that the Senate and House OF
Representatives were not in accord, and that a
general revision could not. therefore, be under
recommend that the whole subject of tariff
revision be left to the incoming Congress. 1t
dslSvad for % IesIe' hrs Imst tns MOT. must pc
threat of great tariff changes introduces so
much uncertainty that an amount, not easily
estimated, OF business inaction and OF dimin-
ished production will necessarily result. tits
possible, also, that this uncertainty may result
in decreased revenues from customs duties, for
our merchants Will make cautious orders for
Foreign goods In view OF the prospect of tariff
reduction and the uncertainty as to when they
will take effect. Those who have advocated
protective tariff can we'll AFFORD to have their
disastrous forecasts of a change of policy dis
appointed. III system OF customs duties can
be framedsthat will set the idle wheels and
looms OF Europe in motion and crowd our
warehouses with foreign made goods, and at
the same time keep our own mills busy; that
Will give us an increased participation in the
markets of the world" of greater value than
the home market we surrender; that will give
increased work to foreign workmen upon prod
ucts to be consumed by our people without
diminishing the amount of work to be done
here; that will enable the American manu-
facturer to pay to his workmen from
than is paid in the Sign min and
yet to compete in our market and In
Foreign markets with the foreign producers;
that viii further reduce the cost of articles
OF wear and food without reducing the
wages or those who produce them; that can be
celebrated, after its effects have been realized,
as its expectation has been, in European as
well as in American cities, the authors and
promoters will be entitled to the highest praise
We have had in our history several experiences
or the contrasted effect of a revenue and of a
protective tariff, but this generation has not
felt them, and the experience is not highly in
tective system with undimintshed confidence
in the principles they have advocated will
await the results OF the new experiment.
Effects of Labor Strikes.
The strained and too often disturbed rela-
tions existing between the employers and the
employees In our great manufacturing estab-
lishments have not been favorable to a calm
consideration by the wage Garner of the effect
facts that his wages were the highest paid in
like callings in the world, and that a main
tenance OF this rate of wages, in the alb
uct OF his labor, was impossible. were OBJ
scured by the passion evoked by these
contests. He may now be able to review the
enee under the operation of tariff for revenue
only. III that experience shall demonstrate
that the present rate of wages are thereby
maintained or increased, either absolutely so
or In their purchasing power, and that the ag-
gregate volume of work to be done in this
country Is increased, or even maintained. so
year at good or better wages for the American
workmen as has been the case under the pro-
tectfve system, every one will rejoice.
general process of wage reduction cannot
be contemplated by any patriotic citizen with
out the greatest apprehension. 1t may be-in-
deed, believe, is-possible for the American
manufacturer to compete successfully with his
foreign rival in many branches of production
without the defense of protective duties, If the
pay-roils are equalfzed; but the conflict that
stands between the producer and that result
and the distress of our working people when
IT Is attained are not pleasant to contemplate
Resume of Department Reports.
The reports of the heads of the several execu-
tive departments which are herewith sub
mitted have very naturally included a resume
of the whole work of the administration with
the transactions. of the last fiscal year. The
attention not only of Copgress but of the coun-
Jry,isagain invited to tire methods of admini-
straton which have been pursued and to the re-
suits which have been attained. Public revenues
amounting to $1,4l4 ,O7Y, 202.2S have been col
lected and disbursed without loss from mis-
appropriation, without single defalcation of
such Importance as TO attract the public at
for collection. The public business has been
transacted not only with fidelity but pro-
gressively. and with q view to giving to the
people in the fullest possible degree the bene-
hts of a service established and maintained
for their protection and comfort.
Our relations with other nations are now
undisturbed by any serious controversy. The
complicated and threatening differences with
Germany and England relating to Samoan af-
fairs, with England in relation TO the seal
fisheries in the Behring sea, and with Chilli
growing out of the Baltimore affair, have
been ADJUST ed.
There have been negotiated and concluded.
under section Of the tariff law, commercial
agreements relating TO reciprocal trade with
the following countries: Brazil, Dominican
Guatemala, Salvador the German empire,
Great Britain for certain West Indian colo
nies and British Guianal, Nicaragua, Hon
duras and Austro-Hungary.
OF these those with Guatemala, Salvador,
the German Empire, Great Britain, Nicaragua,
Honduras, and Austria Hungary have been
concluded since my last annual message.
Under these trade arrangements, free favor
ed admission has been secured In every case
faraf NJ
Especial care has been taken to secure mar
kets for farm products, in order to relieve
that great underlying industry of the
quate foreign market for our surplus
often brings An opening has also been made
for manufactured products that will undoubt-
edly, IL this policy is maintained, greatly aug
ment our export trade. The full benefits of
these arrangements cannot be realized in
stantly. New lines Of trade are to be opened;
the commercial traveller must survey the
fields; the manufacturer must adapt his goods
to the new markets. and facilities Tor exchange
must be established.
The Behring Sea Arbitration.
"a treaty providing for the arbitration of the
dispute between Great Britain and the States
as to the killing of seals in the Behring Sea
Ths Th,. concluded on the 18th OF February last.
pelagic sealing pending the arbi-
tration, and vigorous effort was made during
this season to drive out all poaching sealers
from the Behring Sea. Some seizures were made
and 1t is believed that the catch in the Behring
Sea by. poachers amounted to less than 500
seals. 1t Is true, however, that In the north
Pacific, while the seal herds were on their way
TO the passes between the Aleutian Islands,
very large number, probably 5000 were taken
The existing statutes OF the United States do |
not restrain our citizens from taking seals in |
the Pacific Ocean, and perhaps should not. un- |
less the prohibition can be extended 10 the |
citizens of other nations. / recommend that |
power be given to the President by procla- |
nation to prohibit the taking OF seals in the
north Pacific by American vessels in case |
either as the result of the findings OF the tri-
bunal of arbitration or otherwise the re-