The Ketchum keystone. [volume] (Ketchum, Idaho) 1885-1899, 1892-07-23
Popular Talks on Law.

In 1882 the two peninsulars lyin
on the ocean, Chesapeake Bay an
Potomac river, excepting the ii
end of the outer one, were given b
Charles to George Calvert, Lor
Baltimore. By this charter Calver
became the proprietor of the Sol
and empowered to make laws 70
the government of the company t,
be called Maryland. Calvert 8,
planted the colony in 1888, and tn
charter, except during a brief inter
val, continued in force until 1771
| BY a provision of the charter t,
Calvert the consent of the freemel
of the colony was necessary in tn,
enactment Of laws, which secured
for them from the first voice il
the government and finally a rep
resentative assembly.
The Carolinas had their origir
in two charters, of dates 1868 anc
1865. The territory being that par
of the continent from sea to sea
between the 29th and 36th and one
half degree of latitude. By these
charters the land was given to eigh,
lords proprietors. In time two
groupsiof settlementswere made ,one
on the shore of Albemarle Sound
the other south of Cape Fear river
In 1923 the proprietors surrenderd
their charters to the crown, and
the settlements were divided into
royal colonies, North Carolina and
South Carolina. The charters to the
proprietors above mentioned con-
tanned provisions authorizing the
making Of plantations, the enact
ment of laws with the consent OF
the freemen, and the appointment
of governors.
AS to Georgia the first settlement
was made at Savannah, in 1888
In the year before George II. had
created company that he styled
Trustees for establishing the Col
ony of Georgia, in America" The
following are stated to be objects OF
the new colony: To strengthen the
province Of Carolina by creating a
new one between it and the Span
iards and Indians; to provide a
refuge for poor debtors in England !;
10 open an asylum for the perse
cuted protestants in England; and
to promote the christianization and
civilization of the Indians. The
territory lay between the Savannah
and Altamaha rivers. The trustees
mentioned in the charter were to
make the laws and appoint the
governors. In 1851 the trustees
gave up their charters, and Georgia
became royal colony.
The early colonies were isolated
and independent of one another
scattered throughout the wilderness
of the new world there was little
communication between them at
first, and no concert of action in
government or in defense againt
the Indians. Each colony had its
ambitions, its own plans, its own
spirit and methods. Some made
their own laws as if independent OF
the mother country, having neither
nor charter; others made
their laws subject to the consent of
the King or his representative.
Some elected their own governors,
others recognized a governor ap-
pointed by royal authority.
These classes OF colonies, varying
according to the method of their es-
lablishment and government, may
be distinguished, viz: /. Charter
2. Proprietary colonies;
3. Royal or Provincial colonies.
To the first class belong the colo
MES Of Massachusetts,, Connecticut
and Rhode Island. The second,
The colonies of Pennsylvania, Della
ware Maryland. To the third, the
colonies of New Hampshire, New
York, New Jersey, Virginia, the
Carolinas and Georgia.
In the case of the Charter Colo
nies, the charters were written doc
guaranteeing to the people.
certain rights; their source was the
King. In the case of the Proprie-
,ary colonies, the proprietors were
William Penn and Lord Baltimore
md their descendants. They held
heir territories by patents or char
ers emanating from the King; the
in turn granted to the
people. certain rights and privileges.
IN the case of the Royal colonies,
he King granted no patent or char
er, nevertheless from time to time
certain concessions were made by |
he King, which formed sort Of
Traditional charter. The governors
# the colonies administered laws
n conformity with written instruc-
iono oivon from time IN time hv |