The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1892-04-30

similar establishments in otlisr, Eropean'
countries, when tho somewhat bctter
conditioned white slaves, because bet.
tor housed and fed only, are mot eter.,
nally grabbing ut ones sleeve, or coat
skirts to perform this osculatory rover
ence, they are continually, when enter
ing or leaving any apartment, o%rrcceiv.
Ing an order or serving YOU, e%jaculatf
ing, with ducked heads, "lch kuSt die
hundW " ~ EET Z +
There nrc no schools or colleges for
tho better class OF girls, and ut nearly all
these Polish nristocra!ic homes ] found
q boane, an English governess, or both,
and a French tutor. THEY receive OK.
%Ccllent salaries. live on something like
terms OF equality with their employers,
arc usually broken down gentlemen'or
gentlcwomen with 4 literary turn"
like provident Mr.. Wegs, aud are tho
most glad and grateful people on earth
when chance brings 4 traveller like my.
sell from tho outer world OF glowing nc.
tivities among them.
l do not know whether to pity them
or tho manual servants of the house.
hold most. They live in q refined sort
OF Siberia In which there is scarcely Il
ray OF lightsomeness or opportunity for
enjoyment, with tho advantage rather
on tho sido OF the sorfs beneath them;
for tic latter'know only the dull. plod.
ding, beastly darkness into which they
have been born. ! found ono woman
here, q coverrcss, whom ] know TO have
been u fashionable leader in tho ENG
fish circle" in Berlin in 1882; while n
tutor in another establishment Isl an
Oxford linguist, who has published d
creditable book in London within five
years last past. Both of them begged
me In God'1 name not to reveal their
present whereabouts and condition.
TWO RACES. OF PEASANTS.
Outside OF the great estates, the Gal.
ician peasantry in general arc OF two
distinct races-thc Ruthcnians, Of Rus.
sian descent, and the Poles. Their con-
dltions are equal, bus they have many
distinct characteristics. Neither actual.
~ possesses n loot Of soil. Most hold
their patches OF ground, or huts, when
they arc simply coiters and laborcrs, at
the will Of tho lord; and rent is seldom
collected in money, for OF money they
have little or none. Field products arc
sometimes taken in lieu OF money, but
ronts are usually, almost universally,
collected in labor amounting to from so
to-100 working days in each year to each
man.
The Ruthenlan is the tidier, thrifticr,
more manful man Of the two. His dress
Is OF coarse, hempen stuff, with his shirt
hanging outside his trousers, with occa-
sionaly q sackliks coat made Of the
coarse, long hair OF themountain sheep.
His feet are covered with moccasins
pointed at the toes and laced from the
toe to the ankle. lie wears no. stock
ings. but loosely winds! his legs with
cord from his ankles hall way 10 the
knees, where it binds his baggy trousers
closely. In the summer he; wears q
straw hat. and in the winter h Lapland
hood. Heis a coarse, clean man, never
fat, OF splendid muscular development;
why, active, alert. aud by all odds the
best workman or laborer in Galicia.
The Rutherian woman has Some odd
ideas Of dress.a s The material is usually
of coarse linen. l%ler.eown, which is in
reality her chemise, is open from neck
to knees and is belted in loose folds
about the waist. Another curious and
distinguishing article OF dress is her
WOODEN apron. She is never without
this, but itsis worn sbehinda never in
front. She has no sloclil nes orSunder-
garments, but her %feetIare s!iod likelher
husband's-with pointed and laced
moccasins. Her head in winter and
summer, is always bound in d gaudv
handkerchief, but she possesses no
other article. ofs clothing whatever, ex-
cept n Observation-Disclosures Winter use.
What she lacks nexthers skin sheSmakes
up i'll ornamentation, I have counted
more than n score OF brass rings on the
fingers OF her two hands. Her earrings
OF hollow brass would hold enough oil
to light the family fireside for an even
ing; and her:neckllce.o of glass or imita.
ton corafpbeads%%coiied nihalt. dozen
times around her by no means charm
ing neck, is always yards in length.
The Ruthenian ~"stove' is nothing
more nor less than u wigwam fire,
which smolders continually upon a clay
floor in the Slcentre OF tho hut. 1t is
never allowed to die out. A space
about forty feet square is laid with well
kneaded clay.e The edges are slightly
raised. In tile centre OF this the fire is
lighted. All cooking utensils are
ranged about the fire and have no other
place. They are not many for the
food OF these Ruthenians consists al
most wholly OF corn meal boilediin por-
ridge or baked in, 4 cake resembling the
southern corn "pone," and they rarely
use other condiment than salt.
HOW THEY DRESS III gE