The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1892-01-17
fHe ruEsLos OF NEW MExICo
Isssrestiae Countryner OF Oars Whs Ar
Eatitiea to Political Rtghts.

fHE PUEBLoS OF NEW MExIC0
| Hstsrestnue Countrymen or Oars whs Are
Eatitlea TO Political Rights.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 1U.-Is the Pueblo Indian
| q citizen OF the United statesr This question
has como up In several ways during the last
twelve m onths. and has bearing also on the
current legislation OF Congress.
In the fret place. It Affects the population
statistics OF New Mexico and the claims OF that
Territory 10 admission into the Union. In tho
counties OF Bernalillo and Valencia there are
$500 Pueblo Indians. so called from their
dwelling in towns and villages. and in the
counties OF Rio Arriba. Santa Fe. and Taos
there are 1.47S moro. making an aggre-
gate OF s.27a Their political status there
fore becomes important. not only to them
selves. but to these counties and to the Terri
tory as a whole.
Again, trouble last summer was threatened
among the Moaus from the refusal OF one vii
lage OF them to send their children long dis
tance to the agency school. and the question
arose as to the rights OF the Indians In this
matter. The same general subject came UP in
discussing the application OF the law passed
bv Congress for tho compulsory attendance Of
Indian children at the schools. This law in
structed the Commissioner Of Indian Affairs.
subject to the direction Of the Secretary OF the
Interior. to make and enforce by proper
means such regulations as will secure the at
tendance OF Indian children OF suitable age
and health at schools established and main
tanned for their benefit" The question arose
whether this law applied to the ZufIi and
other Pueblo Indians in New Mexico. 1t was
admitted that it did not apply to the so-called
Ave civilized tribes Of the Indian Territory.
nor to the Indians OF New York. nor to any who
had become citizens But Commissioner Nor
gan was anxious to know whether he could
not compel the Zuilis to send their children to
the Government schools. and thus override
1.-THE ignorance. superstition. and stubborn
ness OF their parents"
In examining this question It was found
that the treaty OF Guadalupe HidalGo. under
which the land now occupied by these Indians
was acquired provided that Mexicans residing
there. who. after year. should not have taken
the steps required to retain the character OF
Mexican ctizcns. should be considered to
have elected to become citizens OF the United
States" and accordingly should "be admitted
at tho proper time Ito DO judged OF by the Con-
gress OF the United States) to the enjoyment OF
all the rights OF citizens OF the United States.
according to the principles Of the Constitution.
and In the mean time shall he maintained and
protected in tho free enjoyment OF their liberty
and property. and secured in the FREQ exercise
%ere The Pns6io fndSns at that time Mes
cans Within fb the meaning q TIE
s6isds who eo' examined Tie saS,eet for Tie
decisions OF tho United States supreme Court.
1921. on the eve OF oyerthrowing Spanish
authority. the rey;olutionists adopted the plan
ia spa wthoue
citizens q this monarchy. with a right to 10
so
various ways by the, treaty Of Cordoba later
which Immediately followed. and by the laws
OF the First Congress- of Mexico during thetw
ho ee%
mon participation Of all in tho uprising against
Spanish rule. and declared that these solemn
vest the Indians with the privilege Of citizen
~, In snotheF case the question arose whether
sst to es as S si n SM
an Indian tribe within the mea9ins 4 that
Indians to De. "a reaceable. industrious. intel.
ligent. honest. and virtuous people They are
pSa bs Sn II IT ri and
rior t to al ali but lew Of tho civilized Indian
tribes tribe o. the country and the equal OF the
Aparhes., Comanches. Navajos:. and other
t assa ssa
S Sf a tSs dn had nSthnG in
which they had attained centuries before.
M Ms3lssn GsysInmsnt; ths tHi TsSofpiton ~
ha % al f 6o i ose IN"
their, absorption into the general mass Of the
9pSSo s dS t thy tsy sa tSa Pss
should be classed with the Indian tribes for
were applicable to them" Fortified WITH thess
Mi tb hid in
Jet to the compulsory education statute But
son have no schooling. Mr.. jose segura.. their
nation about them to Gov Prince:
Il estimated that they cultivate 500 acres Of land
I sis S.sss q FFsS asSy
TSf @ from "n n.
except few improved ayrirnltural implements and
INA spG 'o9
81 the Ea. s29 in all who received
Puebos "industriously labor in the field. with
the. reward OF abundant harvests. and cele-
and ,open-h handed hospitality. and that they
Se in and fs yes 2,
Taos. San Juan santo Domngo AcomA. Laguna (Poju.
sss OF AK ss.s 0S dr
rHn Board has charge of others at Zuh Laguna Iseia
and Jrmes AMI there IL n Government school at nf
the villages OF the PneblOs of Lagnn In addition
AlhuquerGue charge the Prrsbyt.rian Board: ono
at Bernalillo and at santa F liz charge OF the 10
man catholic bureau. aud the Ramona school Santa
ft A. some OF these the average attendance Is quite
small notably so ut AronR and Zuht which are most
remote hebos to which educational ideas have scarce.
~ yet penetrated.
1t may be added that as the Supreme Court
hnf In hlo Tplt
were citizens Of the United States. a ruling on
that point not being necessary in the cnse be-
Thence that there could be no objection IL
Congress should expressly declare them to be
citiZuns.
THE SUBSIDY TO BE ARBITRATED.
The Consent or the Northern Pacific to This