davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1892-02-17

TIE Charlotte News wants
the State Democratic Conven.
tion to meet in that city, and the
Greensboro Record seconds the
motion. Charlotte would be a
very desirable place to hold it.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1892-02-17

The Sun congratulates our
townsman, Maj. Guthrie, upon
his railway joint invention.
Hope he will make a "rali''
good thing out Of it.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1892-02-17

WHAT a splendid thing it
would be for the world If the
mischief makers would 60 on a
strike.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1892-02-17

WHEN our people make good
roads then they will get out of
1.-THE old ruts." Not till then.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1892-02-17

THE bill introduced by Repre-
sentative Newberry, of Illinois,
cutting offpensions to foreigners
and nonresidents of the United
States, is becoming a subject OF
international interest, and
threatens to become one of the
most serious problems to be
solved this session by the House
COMMITTEES on Pensions. Dis
patches from abroad state that
In one province of Canada over
/ 800 people will be affected by
the proposed legislation, and
Gen. Newberry himself esti-
mates that the foreign benefi-
Charles of pension laws aggre-
gate at least $4,000.
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1892-02-17

WnEx we say nature is asleep
In winter is it because it SHOWS:
The Durham recorder. [volume] (Durham, N.C.) 1879-19??, 1892-02-17

ALL of our secret and benevo-
lent organizations-the Masons,
Odd Fellows, Knights of
Pythias, all contain men of a
high degree. Fact.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

From the Atlantic Monthly.
Out Of thirty heroines sixteen are distinctly
described % under twenty. OF the other four
teen six are undated. This leaves Ms eight
three OF whom are set down as over twenty;
two start at one side Of the line and are carried
over to the other; two are by implication rather
than by the intention Of the author, taken out
of their ''teens," and one, Amy Robsart, is Q
heroine "of an uncertain age" since she is his
torically q middle-aged matron and fictitiously
youthful bride. OF the six undated, the pre-
sumption is altogether in favor Of the earlier
age. A member once entertained the club with
the statement that nearly all SCOTS heroines
are motherless- They are girls who have grown
up in the companionship Of uncles or fathers,
older men aud with an early responsibility OF
thought and action. They have had to plan
their own wArdrobes and decide upon their
own conduct toward their lovers. Some of
them have been behind the scenes Of stirring
political events; nearly all have been thrown
into situations where they had to think for
themselves, to act with decision, and in general
to fulfn the whole duty Of heroines. The
heroinss Of Scott are, some of them, only lay
figures, but at least. SO far as they have char
acter, they are women, and they Justify the
deeds which are done 10 win them.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

Of shoeing with iron. Iron shoes were I'M
known to the Greeks. and If to them to all
other nations Of earlier ages. Xenophon, the
Athenian historian. essayist and military COM
mander. who wrote the most complete work on
craftsmanship Of his day, some 400 years before
Christ. makes no mention of horse shoes. but
on the contrary he is particularly explicit as to
the means to be taken to harden and toughen
the hoofs. Horses were not shod in Egypt,
Assyria or Palestine The latter country did
not raise its horses but obtained them from
Egypt Aristotle and Pliny mention that horses
feet were covered when stony ground was to be
crossed or a long journey to be made to pro-
tect the hoof from wear and breaksge, but il ia
certain that the coverings were not metal shoes
In the form and shape and use of the horse
shoe Of today. but simply bandages or kinds Of
boots. These latter were made of leather and
the bandages Of plated straw or hemp twisted
together like q mat and sometimes strength
ened on the bottom by plates Of iron. In ancient
times In the east csmels were booted with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
Laying the Cable In the Bahamas.

AJupiter Qla.) special says: The British
steamship Westmeath, Capt Stanhouse, arrived
here this afternoon with the telegraph cable
which is to connect the Bahamas with the rest
Of the world, the line running direct from Mas
sau, N. p, to Jupiter, on the east coast of
Florida The Westmeath left London on De-
cember 26 and Nassau January Is. She has
been coming across very slowly, making care
full soundings. The cable will probably be
landed here early tomorrow morning, the ves-
sci starting back for Nassau Immediately, pay
ing out the cable as she goes. Aboard the
Westmeath are several English government and
colonial officials, including Douglass Wells the
electrician of the cable company. The cable
will be connected with the new land line to-
morrow, and by next Wednesday it is expected
that Sir Ambrose Shea, the governor of the Ba-
hamas, can communicate with Queen Victoria in
London in less than three hours time. This is
the first cable ever laid from any Of the Ba-
hama group, and marks an important step in
the commercial progress of this colony"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
HARRIS TRIAL FOR LIFE.
The Drug Clerk Testifies to Selling the O.
suies to the Accused.

The Drug Clerk Testifies to Selling the Cam
suies to the Accused.
As the Harris murder trial in New York pro-
ceeds the defense fights harder and harder
The lawyers exhaust the recorders patience
completely. The crowd in the court room lis
tens with rapt attention. Not in years has
there been such q rush of people to listen TO q
trial. Scores bring their lunch 20 that they do
not have to leave during the recess.
The drug clerk, H. G. Power, was the first
witness called yesterday morning. Mr.. Power
said that HARRIS gave him = prescription Janu-
airy ~ FOR the six capsules given 70 Miss Potts,
and promised 10 cali for them the next day.
He did not call until several days after He did
not see Harris again until Fsbruary7. Mean
time he had read in the newspapers Of the death
OF Miss Potts. When he ana Harris met again
tie 'ath was the subject Of conversation
Power admitted that he had told Harris that
he believed the girl had died OF heart disease
Harris agreed with him. st the time showing
him ring which he sAid had been given him
by Mrs. Fotts, IL having belonged TO the dead
girl. Harris, he said. had never before given
him prescription, aud he noticed particularly
that the prescription in question was marked
&C. W. H., student"
Coroner Louis J. 6chultx said he reached Miss
Day's school about . O'Clock in the evening Of
Miss Potts death, February /. Or. Weston gave
him pink pull box containing . capsule. Has-
m w1s thses 1t ths 49,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
The Smooth Shoe.

To the Editor of The Evening Star;
Recognizing the fact that the horse is one Of
mans best and most reliable friends among the
animal kingdom. and one on which more re-
lance is placed, perhaps, than on any other, 1
read with much interest your editorial in re-
gard to legislative action concerning the dock
ing" Of horses and also the communication of
M in relation to the cruel check rein.
But II strikes me that there is another
cruelty to the faithful animals that is far more
generally practlced among the horse owners Of
Washington than either of those named. re-
fer to the matter of working the poor animals
up hill and down hill, hitched to all sorts OF
buggy to a street car filled with as many people
as can possibly be crowded into it, without
even the sign of cork on their shoes
Within the past few days have seen as many as
a dozen horses fall. while going at
a pretty good gait. in front of street car, and
be showed along on their sides for a dozen or
more feet before the car could be stopped
Again, q car will be filed with perhaps thirty
people, averaging $50 pounds each, and pair
of smooth-shod horses is expected to pull them
up hill, the track of which is almost as Slip
perry as glass, and because they don't get along
the driver begins to lash them and beat them
with his whip. 1t seems to an onlooker that
much of this evil and. cruelty could
be remedied by giving the horses good sharp
pair OF shoes. SO that they could keep their
lOotlnS anu no!O Whatever purchase tnelr hard
work Nigh: give them. And the coal dealers
and others come in for a good share of the
blame. To hitch a smooth-shod horse to a ton
of coal and expect him to pull it up hill where
boys have been coasting for a day the surface
all the time becoming harder and more slippery,
is similar to expecting man to do
the work that about four men would
ordinarily do. II a man were to be seen whip
ping his horse too severely he would be ar
rested and fined; but can't see that good,
sound drubbing is much more of q cruelty than
the evil have mentioned and Of which every
observing citizen of Washington is fully cogni-
zant. A change should be made, and a mighty
sudden change, too. HUMANITY.
WASHINGTON, D. c., January 81, 1892.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
PET NAMES.
The Meaning and Origin Of Nickname
and Diminutiyes,

The Meaning and Origin Of Nicknames
and Diminutiyes.
From Bow Bells.
The use Of pet names is peculiar neither to
this century nor the last The favorite diminu-
tive at present is icy" or 'ie," as seen in
Charlie, George, Maudie and 80 on In earlier
times the popular examinations were in, on, ct.
kin, cock and others. Emma was shortened to
EN-. and for loves sake it became Emmot or
Emmett. Matilda was first Til, then Tillot.
Bartholomew was Bart, then Little Bart or
Bartlett
The popularity Of these pet names is seen in
the great number of them which eventually be-
came family names. The Tillotsons, the EN-
NETS, the Bartletts are numerous in England
and America, although few dream that these
names were originally pet and not surnames.
Before the use OF family names it was often
necessary to use the diminutive FORMS from
the fact that the same name was not infre-
quently given to two or three children of the
same family. The original of the surname
Robinson is the pet name Robin, or Little
Robert. Rawlin, found as a surname in Raw
Inns and Rawlinson, was originally Little Ralph
and Dickens Little Dick. As Germans of to-
day add chen to chiidren's names az q term of
endearment, making Anna Annchen, Elizabeth
Lischen, 80 our English ancestry used the
equivalent kin. Watkin was little Walter, Sim
dttid OfHcOh ferkiu HUG feters WILCOX
was once Wilcox, or, as we would say, Willie:
Hitchcock or Hiscock or Hickok was Isaac the
Younger. Examinations in kin and cock were
in use among the lower orders-that is, among
the Anglo-Saxons-while the diminutivss in,
on and ct were more aristocratic and used by
families of Norman blood.
So frequent was the use OF diminutives on
account Of the limited number OF names that
Bardsley calls the period from the Norman
conquest to the reformation the pet name
epoch" in England Names Of favorite sainte
were repeated over and over, John and Thomas,
Emma and Matilda being among those most
freely used.
As showing TO what base uses namea may
come ct last, we have the French word GULL.
aume-derived from gid helm. or golden he'll
met--twics thrown into pet form, becoming
Guillotin, or Little William. Then IL became Z
surname and the family name OF the doctor
who invented, or rather adapted, the deadly
machine which bears his name So from I
noble defender William became an internal
perSecutog.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

heels; the fullering or crease in the lower face
near the outer edge, in which the nail holes
generally eight, four on a side are made.
the CHIP. kind Of claw on the upper face. usp-
ally at the outer edge Of the toe, for protecting
the hoof at that point and assisting the nails 10
Keep the shoe in place. The upper face is bev-
eled st the inner edge TO prevent the sole of
the zoos resting on the iron, the purpose being
% have only the crust or horn of the foot real
thereon Horse shoes are known according 10
some distinguishing characteristics or feature.
such a. bar, racing. nsillsss, jointed, elastic
tread. &c. bar shoe is one in which the heels
OF the shoe are continued around beneath the
heel OF the foot and united together at their
ends 1t II used on hoofs liable TO Contraction
atthe heel its object being to keep the heel open.
Horse shoes have also been made Of rawhide
Several thicknesses Of hide are employed and
compressed tightly together in a mold of the
preserve the hide. But the latest shoe Is Of
paper. A number Of thin sheets of parchment
paper saturated with oil and turpentine are
glued together and then subjected to great
pressure. It is stated that the German cavalry
horses are shod with them Another we'll
known shoe 10 made of metal, with rubbsr
tarred rope or some other yielding substance
for the tread The part Of the foot TO be shod
n the horn or crust The horse walks upon
the lower edge Of this horn. the frog sole and
barh The frog, sole and bars can take any
but the horn, from its more brittle compost
tion, cannot do %. II 10 evident, therefore,
that IL 10 only the latter that needs to be shod,
IN fast ought TO Be covered.
TEE srnucrulx or rHR FOOT.
The foot ID susomically constructed with d.
rect rsssrsncs 70 two important objects. viz,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

The New York HeraiGs dispatch from Men
doza says that several deputies of the provin-
cial chamber met at the house Of DR.. Suerrez
Thursday night The house was attacked by
mob Of armed men and a desperate fight en-
sued. Senior Navajos, secretary OF the cham
Der Of deputies, was killed and DR.. Suerrez and
others seriously injured in the fight. Friends
Of the men who were assailed have armed them
selves and swear they will have revenge. The
police are patrolling the streets.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
An Independent Woman.

from the tewIstown journal.
A Bangor man tells the Commercial there was
no soprano at his church on Sunday. When
an explanation was asked he says that "Satur-
day night the soprano had dream in which an
angel appeared and told her that the Lord
wanted her to sing anthem No. Sc Sunday. She
got mad and said she wouldn't be bossed by
anybody, and so she stayed away from church. !"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

then crept across the road, where Orderly Ser
geant Starboard OF company and some Of
his fellows were. had but reached this SPOT
when Starboard was shot through the head and
carried to the rear. The enemy now made q
determined advance on us, but covered by the
guns from both forts we stubbornly held our
ground. 1t was now we'll on in the afternoon
and there appeared on the field what always
understood to be the thirteenth army corps
under Gen. Merritt. How he did cheer and
pour in volley after volley. This corps took
up exactly the same ground as we did in the
morning. and we were moved across to q posi-
ton In front Of Fort de Russey. An officer Of
company A. very dark man with very strong
voice, here caused q deal of swearing among
US by calling out every now }and again in his
ioudest voice. REPORT to the woodpile," each
shout of his being at once answered by shower
OF bullets from the enemy, for they learned
our position from him. We lay here during
the night. and on the 18th had a small edition
Of the twelfth, but Early soon fell back before
the infantry. When all was safe we went back
to camp and very shortly after drew our horses,
and again for the first time marched mounted
through Washington on our way to Harper 9
Ferry.
SOME AFTER REFLECTIONS
have often since thought of our defense
Of Washington, but have never been able to
satisfy myself as to either the reason for the
attack or Early's conduct Of it. fancy that
Grant at some point or else have had some
move of his own on the board and sent Early
to attack Washington, in order to create q d.
version by compelling Grant to draw off por-
ton Of his own forces for the defense Of the
city and leave himself freer hand. am not
surprised that Early should have taken us for
old soldiers, for. though under fire, we de-
ployed as coolly and steadily as though we had
been on parade or the drilling ground; but
when for hour after hour we were not rein
forced and no support came out to our assist
ance cannot understand how q skilful COM
mander like Early 1--WE found that out to our
cost in our campaigns in the valley, and no
further proof that he was SO is needed than the
fact that Lee, one Of the most skllfu strategists
and brilliant soldiers in history, selected him
to carry out the movement) should not have
seen that there was nothing between him and
the city save ourselves and the two forts.
Nothing but the direst extremity in which the
life of every man must if necessary, have been
sacrificed. could have justified our having heen
exposed for even a moment to such appalling
odds. That extremity did exist, however. and
the old twenty fifth N. Y. V. G. stepped in and
met it and bore it's brunt like soldiers and like
men. One thing is certain, namely, that the
defense of the city from early morning till late
in the afternoon by the mere handful of our
selves deserves to be reckoned as one Of the
historic incidents in that war, replete as it was
with instances Of heroic assault and defense.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

observer a horse shoe is
simply a bit of bar iron
or steel shaped to fit
the hoof of the horse
and is without any ap-
parent further interest.
But it has its story, and
a very entertaining one,
too. il ia. The most
careful investigation
into the past history of
horse shoes discloses no
antiquity to the practice
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
Asst JULY A NUMBER

Asst JULY A NUMBER
of the survivors of the
old twenty = fifth New
York cavalry met in this
city on the anniversary
Of the battle Of Fort
Stevens, where the regi-
ment for many hours
bravely bore the brunt
Of Early's attack. A
veteran association was
then formed, of which
Mr.. J. II. Wolf of this
IL -fA1
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
Above Yet Beneath Him.

From the New York Weekly.
Mrs. Firstfoor Ode Fashion Flats)-"Oh,
Mrs. Secondhoor, ia it true your son has mar
ried above him?"
Mrs. SecondAoor (weeping)-"Boo, hoo!
hoo Ia ffthhoorer"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

HY DON'T WE BE
newsboys?' she quay
cred resentfully.
Laws, Mary Carl
baldi, you's the biggest
circus I ever seen,"
gibed her companion
Then, in an ecstacy of
brutal amusement. she
shouted to q group of
elstterply Girls who were
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
Howard University, Washington. D. G.

Roasted crickets are 9 fsvorite article OF diet
with some tribes Of Utah and Californis In
dams, while among others the grasSAopper u
reiished as = culinary delicacy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
A-Horn.
u SIt~

the latter 10 diminish the impact on the ground
of rapid and vigorous action of the foot. This
crust or outside covering, though horny is not
solid. but fbrous in texture its design being to
protect the sensitive foot within from blows
and by its elasticity lessen the conclusion when
the foot strikes the ground. The greatest wear
and strain is at the toes Of the front feet and
quarters Of the hind feet, and nature has made
extra provision at these points by there increas-
ing the thickness and hardness of the horn. Curl
ously and interestingly enough the human nails
are similarly so provided, the finger nails being
thickest in the middle and the toe nails thickest
at the sides.
II or not one straw pointing to the demonstra-
ton Of the hypothesis of the common origin OF
the species? As every portion of the foot acts
together, 1t Is necessary, In order to get the
best results, that the different parts should be
free to perform their functions Nature having
provided the crust, frog. sole and bars to pro-
tect the highly sensitive interior parts 1t Is In
comprehensive that a horse sheer can be so ig-
norant as to cut away these safeguards to actual
mutilation and believe it beneficial instead OF
positively injurious TO the foot. 1t makes one
turn away sick at heart from the thought OF
the intolerable agony silently borne by this no
BILE animal in being subjected to such treat
ment. When one is a daily witness to horses
drawing loads. their feet-not the horn alone
shod, the frogs and bars set up off the ground,
and of no more use than ii their feet
were the scooped-out ends Of posts instead
Of living, feeling pfts--he wonders at mans
indifference and stupidity in not requiring as
much skill and intelligence in the horse sheer
as he exacts Of the surgeon. The sheer would
be benefited by such requirement, and his
trade, which is now simply regarded as a means
Of earning a living, would be lifted to the dig
nifty Of Q profession.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

The household maintained by the queen
Of England consists of nearly one sps ,.s,a
sens
The savings banks Of France have s7xs
600 deposators with 2, 81, 100000 francs a..
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

Mr.. and Mrs. W. Jennings Demorest have
given away ESQ, 900 worth of medals to the young
participants In the oraforicai contests held
under the auspices Of the w. C. 7. U.
London horse cars and omnibusss represent
. capital Of "a, 000, 900.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23

head bald, II the scalp ID not shiny, there u 9
chance Of reeaining the hair By using Hans Hair
Remover. -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1892-01-23
DEFENDED THE CITY.
A Cavalryman's Graphic Picture Of
the Fort Stevens Fight.
IN A STORM OF BULLETS

A Sequel to the Reunion of the 25th New York
Cavalry-The Regiment That Fought All
Day Before the Arrival Of Troops From the
Front-A Hot Place at the Blair Homestead.