Morning journal and courier., 1892-05-04
NEWS BY TELEGRAPH, From All Quarters. MIR. M0RRILL'S REPORT. The Effect of the Tariff
 Laws. AlMY's MOTION FOR \ NEW TRIAL. The Davis Trial to Go to
 the Jury To-day.
TIE CHINESE EXCLUSION BILL.
Conference Report Agreed
 to in the Senate.
EFFECT OF TARIFF LAWS.

Chairman MOrrilIss Report on the Trade Relations Between This Country and Canada-A Voluminous Document Accompanied by n Mass of Testimony-The Places Visited. WASHINGTON, May 3.-The senate con- mittee on finance has not yet considered the tariff bills passed by the house. The meeting this morning was devoted to a discussion of bill amendatory of the direct tax act. Chairman Morrill,. who with Senator McPherson constituted a sub committee to inquire into the effect of the
 tariff laws on the trade relations between this country and Canada, was au- thorized to present his report to the senate in order that it may be printed and recommitted. The report was
 presented later in the day by MT. Morrill,.
 It is voluminous document, accompanied
 by mass of testimony taken by the sub
 committee. It appears from the report
 that the points visited were Eastport and
 Calais, Maine; Newport, Ogdensburg, Os-
 wego and Buffalo, N. Y.; Cleveland and
 Toledo, O. Detroit, Mich, and cities lying
 upon our eastern and northern boundary
 lines. The report reads:
 THE REPORT.
 From the beginning to the end all of the
 places visited by us in our own country
 were increasing in population, while on
 the other side of the line, as we were in
 formed, the population was everywhere
 diminishing. St. Johns, opposite to
 Eastport, has 4,0O0 less population
 in 1891 than in 1881. From
 the testimony taken it was clear that the
 United States offered better markets and
 higher prices for everything that Canadian
 fsr nod f0 ca11 fhon onn11 ha obtained
 in the Canadian dcminions, and the price
 there of horses, cattle or sheep, hay, peas,
 beans, potatoes, butter, eggs and poultry, invariably was as much below the selling price in the United States as the amount of duties imposed and the cost of transportation. When the duty on i'm ported horses was increased the price of hrrses fell in Canada. It was the same with eggs and barley. When the duty on pine lumber was reduced S1 per l 1000 feet that amount was at once generally added to the price of lumber in Canada, so that no advantage was derived by the United States from the reduction of the duty.
 The report says wages were much less in Canada than in the United States. The difference was less in the border towns, but wages decreased by going further into | the Dominion, while the reverse was true l in the case of the United States. No lsh- | ing vessels were fitted out at Eastport be- | cause crews could not be got to work at | as low wages as the Canadians. The girls | in sardine factories have not had to pay | any higher prices in consequence of the | Mckinley tariff for anything brought | in from Canada; and the business at East | port is three times as much as before | the abrogation of the Canadian recip1o- | city treaty, notwithstanding the close of | the codfsh business. They would be un- able, however, to endure the admission of | sardines free of duty The increase of the | duties on horses is said to have resulted | in advantage to the state of Maine, as it raised the grade of the ami mals imported. No hay was imported last | year, as the result of the increased duty I on that staple. The Canadian railroads | were subsidized first to last. The Inter- | Colonial is now run at loss of from | $50O.O0O to s600,O00 and does not earn | running expenses. At Newport, a lumber | center, the wages are twenty five | per cent. higher for common labor | than ill Canada. Skilled labor, however, taken into Canada receives the same wages. l At Ogdensburg the subcommittee found | the power to change the charges on timber | from time to time just as | they pleased. The merchants at Og- | densburg complained badly of the | twenty cents per ton charged Dy the Welland canal which divest Csnanian ves- l sells rebate of eighteen cents per ton paid at once. At this place the commit tee found an attorney who asserted that | duties on Canadian products injured American farmers, but after hearing from l the collector and others the report gays | there was no doubt that Canadians bore | the whole burden of the duty imposed l upon the exports of the United States. | The report suggests that the only remedy | for the discrimination shown by the Cana dian canals would seem to be an independ | ent American canal on our side of the | lakes. It maintains that this discrimi- | nation is 8 violation of the treaty and | that no equality with Canada appears possible even by the most solemn treaty. | ''yet we still give all that was by treaty | promised, and in addition the use of Sault | Ste. Marie toll free" Touching the barley | tariff, the report says it has injured Oswe- go, and although the competition is really | with our western growing barley states it | is felt to be great grievance by the mal- | sters of Oswego and ruinous to the capital | &al hx,xr hp