The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1892-07-22
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

There are in Russia 312 match man
ufactories, with an aggregate production
of 139. 7O4, 900 matches. OF these works II
per cent. manufacture PHOSPHORUS
matches.
The wheat exports of India in 1891
were 46, 900, 600 bushels, as against g.
4O4. 116 bushels in 1890. The 1891 ex-
ports were the largest ever known, the
next highest being 81. 75S, 133 bushels in
1886. The crop of 1892 is promising bet
ter than was formerly reported, owing to
good rainfalls coming late in the season.
British India has revolutionized the
worlds trade in cinchona bark and tea
by beginning the cultivation of these
two products until the Indian yield has
nearly doubled the worlds supply. The
government of Ceylon has now begun
the cultivation of the Indian rubber tree.
-Photographing under water has
actually been carried out, so it is said.
Experiments were made in 1889 in the
Mediterranean to ascertain how far
daylight penetrated under water. In
very clear water near Corsica, and
eighteen miles from land, the limit of
daylight was found by means of photo
graphic plates to be 1850 feet.
Europe has $4,000, 600 beehives, and
produces 3O7, 100000 pounds of honey,
while the United States has $500, 600
hives, and produces 61,Os0, 900 pounds
of honey. The largest apiarist in the
world is NJ. Harbicon, of California,
who has 5000 hives, yielding 200, 900
pounds of honey yearly. 1t is estimated
that "A bee must visit 21s, $50 flowers for
each ounce of honey gathered.
The United States is fast crowding
Switzerland out of the watch market,
and there is no part of the world, no
matter how remote, where the tick of
the American watch cannot be heard.
To-day American factories turn out 3D.
600 watches week. Almost the only
time-pieces imported are reporters,
stop-watches and those having special
movements, which bring high price,
San Francisco Bulletin.
"A gentleman in New York has re-
Gently tested the result of preserving a
turkey in a refrigerator for ten years,
says the Boston Medical and Surgical
journal. This time having elapsed, the
fowl was removed from the refrigerator,
and after being properly cooked was
eaten by party of gentlemen. While
putrefactive changes seem to have been
entirely absent it was found that the
meat was practically tasteless.-Science.
According to the Colliery Guardian
NJ. Daubree, professor of geology at the
Ecole d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, has
found that the temperature attained in
several processes are not nearly SO high
as is generally supposed for instance,
that of the Bessemer converter is from
1880 to 1850 . cen tigrade; molten steel
from 1850 to 1,640o; the Siemens fur
mace from 1,045 to 1,19O Q, and mean
descent electric lamps from 1880 to
2,100o.
--Lime-water has tendency to make
children grow, and in countries where
the drinking water is heavily impreg-
mated with it, the men are apt to be
tall. 1t is now used very extensively in
the milk for children; but it should not
be restricted to children. For perfect
sanitary diet alkaline water is needed
for every persons who eats heavily of
meat; and this means nearly everybody
excepting the vegetarians.
AS n rule, deep-sea animals have no
eyes, showing that they have no need
of them. The fact that they are sub
jected to enormous pressure is shown by
many of them bursting open when
brought to the surface. Some of them
have very bright colors, and they are
found most abundantly along the course
of the great current, showing that these
rivers in the ocean bring large amount
of food for the deep-sea fauna.
Oil has hitherto been the only ma
terial that has been successfully en-
ployed for breaking the force of the
waves. An ingenious inventor while
crossing the Gulf stream observed that
the vast fields of floating sea-weed,
though upheaved by the swell, always
remained CLASSY and smooth, and this
suggested to him the idea of device for
lessening the force of the waves. The
sillIen net rendered non-submersible by
being dipped in special chemical com
position. The device is being expert
mented with by the Paris society for the
saving of life in shipwreclls, and it has
been found to act as wave-dispeller in
the same manner as the sea-weed in the
Gulf am.-lndianapolis News.