davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

The Halifax Chronicle has met great dis
appointment. and its hopes of the elevation
OF Dominion journalism to higher plane
have been rudely shattered. One of the
Chronicles Tory contemporaries published
an editorial intimating that Jay Gould and
Erastus Wiman had Matched a scheme t,
secure control of Canadian railway and tele-
graph lines and that their plans were backed
by liberal supply of United States green
backs. The Chronicle thus expresses its
indignation:
No more villainous or detesta BILE falsehoods
ever appeared in any newspaper in this or any
other country, and we know of 70 instance on
record where Journal protesting IN be respecta-
BILE ever descended TO write such low ana das.
tardly rubbish. A hope has been cherished that
gradually Journalism was reaching higher plane
In this country, and that Journal is, even though
Otherwise aciuated by mean and selfish cons d.
erations would. by reason OF the healthy public
opinion growing in this country. refraia from
STOPPING to the lowest depths of slanDer and in.
fanny. Such hopes mnst cease TO be entertained
II such writing rs we have quoted above Is to be
tolerated In this country.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

The two rival governors of Nebraska,
Boyd and Thayer. are both assuming to
direct the affairs Of the State. Thayer is
entrenched in the State House and Boy ID is
established somewhere else. At last ac-
counts the janitor and engineer of the State
House had espoused the cause of Boyd and
were threatening to freeze out his rival by
depriving the latter's headquarters of steam,
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

Mr.. Cleveland is making good many
speeches just now, but it is to be noticed that
he says nothing on the silver question. He
might easily settle the dispute which is now
raging as to whether he entertains the same
opinions that he did when he was President,
or has modified them, as Senator Vest re-
Gently affirmed, but he neglects to do so.
Perhaps be does not want to settle 1t.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

How few persons realize how many
lives are lost daily from want OF nutri.
tiOn such as diseased organs need to re.
store them to healthy condition. This
we confirm by the fact that only 2 1.2
per cent. Of all deaths come from old
age (see Massachusetts, Reports), and the
large per cent. remaining comes chiefly
from lack Of nutrition.
In Massachusetts, the average number
OF deaths from
Consumption and Pneumonia, One for
every IS minutes.
Heart Troubles, Nine daily.
Chlerea Infantum, Six daily.
Diphtheria, Five daily.
ApOplexy, Bronchitis. Cancer, each -Four
daily.
kldaey Troubles, Paralysis, each Four
daily.
Do YOU wonder at the inter-
est tho health officers Of this
city are taking In the result
of Or. Koch's "consumptive
cure"? and that Is vaiubIe
only to arrest the disease in
It's first stages, 50 Or. Koch
tells US.
We are disposed to give the Consump-
tives the benefit Of our twenty two
years. experience, not to experiment on
them for money, or ask them to wait to
see the results OF our experiment on
others, as life is seldom lost that Is
properly nOurished.
MurdOck's Liquid Food has restored
more COnsumptives to health than aRy
other treatment In the same length Of
time, as 1t makes new blood faster than
all medicines or other foods known, and
new blood will restore the diseased or
gans to health, be they the lungs, It's.
sues or any organs
consumptives who have re.
ceived no relief after being
under medical treatment
three months we will give
the first five hundred appIi-
cants each one case six
tweIve-ounce Is i2oz.) bottles
Of Murdock's Liquid Food,
free, and deliver the same to
any Express Co. in Boston.
II no benefit is received
from the use Of one bottle do
not use any more.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

One of the cardinal principles of the Demo-
cratic party as laid down by Grover Cleve-
land In his Philadelphia speech is "jealous
care OF the rights of the people In elections. /"
II that cardinal principle had been enforced
in the South in 1884 Grover Cleveland would
never have been President.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

Now that the political complexion of the
New Hampshire legislature has been settled
and Gov. Tuttle inauguratsd interest Gen.
tres on the contest for Senator Blatr's seat.
Mr.. Blair is candidate for reelection, and
his princial opponent is DIR. Gallinger. Ex-
Gov. Cheney. however, has good many
friends. and Mr.. G. q. Burns and ex-Gov
Goodall few. Senator Chandler and his
friends are determined that Gallinger shall
not be elected If they can help it. On the
other have DR.. Gallinger's friends are quite
as determined In his behalf,
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

According to DR.. Virchow DR.. Koch's
lymph does not kill the bacilli, but merely
drives them from one place to another. Dr.
Virchow is high authority and his opinion is
likely to seriously discredlt DR.. Koch's dis
coyery,
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

Mr.. Plimsoll, the English member of Par
lament who has been In Canada investigat-
ing the alleged abuses in the treatment of
cattle on Atlantic steamship, finds that his
work has taken new form. The cattle are
treated better than he supposed. They are
apparently not SO much In need of protection
rs the men who are sent out in the ships to
take care Of them. Mr.. Plimsoll appears to
agree with the cattle foreman Of fifteen years
experience who in giving his testimony, de-
manded better food, beds and accommoda-
tions for the men as well as better pens for
the cattle.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12
TIE PRESS.
MONDAY, JANUARY I2.

We do not read anonymous letters and eommu
nlcations The name and address OF the writer
are in all cases Indispensable, not necessarily hui
publication but as a guarantee of good faitn'
We cannot undertake to return OF preserve
communications that are not used
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

The Quebec Telegraph thinks that il war
was declared between England aud the
United States the reform party Of Canada
would declare for annexation to a man.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12
Secretary Blaine's position in the Behrinl

Secretary Blaine's position in the Behring
Sea matter is briefly this: Russia, Mr..
Blaine asserts. when she owned Alaska,
claimed property right In the seals, and al
so the right to protect them in the open sea,
and England recognized that right by treaty
and in other ways. Russia. when shell sold
Alaska to the United States. transferred to
US whatever rights she had on the land and
the adjacent sea. If England admitted Rus
sla's right to protect the seal in the open sea,
as Mr.. Blaine claims she did, then she is
estopped from denying the same right to
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12
ISLAND sTEAmER RS
PORTLAND and BooTH8AY STEAMBOAT /

WINTER ARRANGEMENT.
CTEAMER ENTERPRISE after November 10,
y will leave Portland every SATURDAY at a. m.
for BO0thbay, South Bristol and East Boothbay
every WEDNESDAY at a. m. for Pemaquid and
all above landings; returning, leave East Booth
bay every MONDAY at 80 a. m. for Portland and
intermediate landings; every THURSDAY will
landings, connecting with Boston boats no freight
received after TAO a. m. on day OF sailing.
n07dn ALFRED RACE. Manager
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12
Dissolution.

NroTICEIs hereby given that the Copartnershlp
IN existing between Frank w. Chafnn and
11unans NJ IeIghton, under the name OF Frank
~ 5shafin. Is this day dissolved by mutual con-
can't All debts due the firm and all debts due
from the firm are 70 be settled by and with Frank
W. Chafin. who win continue the business at the
Old stand, 5e2 Congress Street
FRANK w. CHAFFIN
EUGENE M. LEIGHTON.
Portland, January 8, 1891. janlOdti
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1891-01-12

correspondents OF Messrs. KIDDER,
PEABODY & CO., and agents for the Is
suance OF their LETTERS OF CREDIT
on Messrs. Barring BROTHERS q CO.,
Omitted LONDON, available In ALL
PARTS OF THE wORLD.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
Cleaning Car Wheels.

Very efficient work is now being done
in various departments by the use of the
sand blast One of the latest applica-
tions is to the cleaning of car wheels.
The wheel, after being carefully soaked,
is rolled into small chamber, where it
stands in vertical position. The tread
of the wheel stands on rollers, which are
moved by gearings SO that the wheel is
slowly revolved without changing its
position. A fue into which cinders are
fed by chute leading from bin above
leads blast of air against the face of the
wheel, which is then reversed.
The cinders used vary from the size Of
a grain of wheat to much larger and are
so hard that they can be used several
times. The time saved by this method
can be imagined when one man can clean
twenty wheels in three hours and half,
including the time consumed in rolling
them to and from the machine, and the
saving in labor is proportionately great.
Chicago News.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
Ignorance About ostriches.

Americans in general must be in pos
session of avast fund of varied, accu-
rate and well authenticated ignorance
about ostriches. This is the conclusion
reached by reporter after an hours
conversation with professional ostrich
farmer. The gentleman is Mr.. III. G..
Reid, who paid $4,000 and gave five
years hard work to acquire what he
knows. He is Scotchman of education
and intelligence, and has II rare faculty
of making people take an interest in
what interests him. He has spent sew
eral months in teaching Californians
how to get little profit out of ostrich
farming g.-5t. Lonis be-Democrat.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
LEGAL.
NOTICE OF FORECLOSURE SALE

A MAIN-STREETS SAVINGS BANK AND TRUST
ltl company "a corporation), plaintiff, VS..
John Goldsworthy and Jennie II. Goldsworthy,
his wife, defendants
Sheriff's sale No. 1904.
Order OF sale and decree of foreclosure and
sale.
decree of foreclosure and sale, issued out of the
Superior Court of the county of Los Angeles
OF the state OF California, on the 24th day of
October A. ID. 1891 in the above entitled
action, wherein Main-street Savings Bank
and Trust company, Ia corporation),
the above.named plaintiff, obtained a judg.
ment and decree of foreclosure and sale
against John Godsworthy ct al defendants
on the gath day of October, A. D., 1891, for
the sum of s5263. II, gold coin, which said
decree was, on the oath day of October, A. d.
1891, recorded in Judgment book rs Of said
court, at page 165, am commanded to sell all
those certain lots, pieces or parcels OF land,
Los Angeles, State OF California. and bounded
and described as follows:
Lots numbered one ~, two l2l, three (3l and
as the same are numbered, delineated, plated
and shown upon map OF said Goldsworthy
sixth street tract (or 9th st. tractl, recorded in
Angeles county, page "a. to which map and
record thereof reference is hereby made for
more particular description. Said lot one a.
being situated on NV. corner of San Pedro
street and Sixth street; and lots 2, 3 and 4 be
ing adjacent thereto on the west Also those
other certain lots pieces or parcels OF land IN
as lots four az, five t5), twelve (12l,. thirteen
(I3) and fourteen (l4)j of the Goldsworthy
Ninth street tract (or 9th st; tract as the said
lots are NUM- bered, plated, delineated and
shown upon map of said Goldsworthy Ninth
street tract, recorded in book 26, page 3d. OF
the records of Los Angeles county, 10 which
map and record thereof reference is hereby
m ade for all purposes
Together with all and singular the tene-
ments, hereditaments and appurtenances there
unto belonging or in aDywise appertaining.
Public notice is hereby given that on Fri
day, the 20th day OF November, A: D. 1891. at
the Courthouse door of the County OF
Los Angeles, Broadway entrance, | will, in
obedience to said order of sale and decree OF
foreclosure and sale, sell the above described
property, or so much thereof as may be neces.
sary to satisfy said judgment, with interest and
costs, etc, to the highest and best bidder, for
cash, gold coin.
Dated this 27th day of October, 1891.
F.. d. GIBSON,
Sheriff of Los Angeles county.
BYE. G. HANNoN, Deputy Sheriff
Graves, O'Melveny & Shankland Attorneys
| for Plaintiff. 1028weds4t
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
NOTICE OF FORECLOSURE SALE.

ANDREW MULLEN, PLAINTIFF, vs..
N sallie NJ. Donnelly, Bernard Donnelly cher
husband), Mary A, Fleming (widow of WIN. E.
Fleming, deceased), Leander j. Talbot and
the National Bank OF Kansas City Ia banking
corporation), defendants.
Sheriff7s sale, No. 1921.
Order of sale and decree OF foreclosure and
sale.
Under and by virtue of an order of sale and
decree OF foreclosure and sale, issued out OF
the superior court of the county of Los Angeles.
of the State OF California. on the 26th day of
October, AID. 1891, in the above entitled ac
ton, wherein Andrew Mullen, the above
named plaintiff, ana the National Bank of Kan
sas City "a banking corporation), one OF the de-
PENDANTS herein, obtained judgment and
decree of foreclosure and sale against Sal
the ,23d day OF October, A. D. 1891.
for the aggregate sum OF Sl4,l6i 10,
in lawful money of the United States, which
said decree was on the 26th day of Octo-
ber A. d. 1891, recorded in judgment book
33 of said court, at page 81, / am COM
manded to sell all that certain block, piece or
parcel Of land, situate, lying and being in the
city of Los Angeles, county of Los Angeles,
State of California, and bounded and described
Block o of Colina park, as shown and de-
lineated upon the plat OF Colina park, recorded
in book 7, of page 81, of miscellaneous records
of Los Angeles county, containing three 96-lOO
Public notice is hereby gwen, that on Thurs
day, the 18th day OF November, AID. 1901, at IL
o'clock NJ of that day, in front OF the Court
house door of the county of Los Angeles, at the
Broadway entrance thereof, 1 will, in obedience
to said order of sale and decree Of foreclosure
and sale, sell the above described property, or
so much thereof as may be necessary to satisfy
said Judgment, with interest and costs, etc., to
the highest and best bidder, for cash, lawful
money.
Dated this 26th day of October, 1891.
L. d. GIBSON,
Sheriff of Los Angeles County.
ByF C. HANNoN, Deputy Sheriff.
Isidore b. DOckweiler, attorney for plaintiff.
1928 Wed At
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
CONSULTATION AND ADVICE FREE.

friendly talk may save you years of suffer-
ing and perhaps your life. Out-of-town pa
tients treated by correspondence.
E~All Communications and Consultations
Sacredly Confidential.
If the DR.. Liebig Co. cannot cure you no
power on earth can. Take one candid thought
before il is too late. Those ruined in health by
unlearned pretenders. and those whom other
tally requested to try the latest improved
methods now adopted
Each patient seen privately and Cures Guar
anteed In Durable Cases.
The Dr. Liebig Co. are the Oldest, most reli-
able and successful San Francisco Special Sur
geons and Physicians, and on account OF thou
sands of maltreated cases by so.called doctors
in Los Angeles, they have opened Permanent
Branch Ohices in Los Angeles, at l23 South
Main street. Call or write for particulars.
ONCE hours, 2 am to 5 pm. pm TO p m.
Sundays, 10 to II only.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
Alum Water for a SHINY skin.

Alum water in the proportion of half
an ounce of alum to u pint of water is
recommended as cure and prevention
to .'shiny" skin. 1t should be applied
gently with q soft cloth, and after a mo-
ment the face should be wiped over with
o dry, soft cloth. New York Times
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
DR.. WONG HIM.

chinese Physician and Surgeon, has resided in
Los ngeles sixteen t16) years. His reputation
lished and appreciated by many His large
prsctice Is sufficient proof of his ability and
honesty.
The doctor graduated in the foremost col
leges, also practiced in the largest hospitals of
Canton, Chira. The doctor speaks Spanish
flueutly..s
lit Upper Main street. r. o. box 564,
Station G. 11-l7 I'm
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18

SHILOH CATARRH REMEDY, marvel
Gus cure for Catarrh, Diphtheria, Canker
mouth, and Headache. With each bottle there
cessful treatment OF these complaints without
extra charge. Price Soc. Sold wholesale by
Haas, Baruch Il Co., and all retail druggists
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
ASSIGNEE'S SALE.

r WILL SELL, AT PUBLIC AUCTION, ON
i Saturday, the 21st day Of November, 1891,
at O'Clock pm, at my office, 127 West Third
street, in the city Of Los Angeles. 100 shares OF
the accounts, bills, notes and other effects be-
longing to the estate OF ID. w. Hanna
GEORGE BRADBEER,
1l-157t Assignee.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18

LEGAL and through tickets sold, baggage
checked, Pullman sleeping car reservations
plication to J. NJ. CRAWLEY, Asst. G. Pas. Agt.,
No. 200 s. Spring st., cor. Second. CHARLES
SEYLER, Agent at Depots.
il6undays excepted.
EICHD GRAY, Gen. Traffic Mgr.
7. II. GOODMAN,
II Gen'l PASSENGER Agt.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
NOTICE TO CREDITORS.

ESTATE OF ANNIE FARRELL, DECEASED.
Notice is hereby given by the undersigned.
executor OF the last will and testament OF
Annie Farrell deceased, to the creditors Of and
all persons having claims against the said de-
ceased, to exhibit the same with the necessary
vouchers, within four az months after the first
at the law offices Of Isidore b Dockweiler, ESQ.,
rooms 10 and II Bryson- -Bonebrake block, cor
ner Spring and Second streets in the city OF
Los Angeles, county of Los Angeles, State of
California, the same being the place for the
transaction OF the business of said estate, in the
county of Los Angeles
Dated this 9th day of November, A. d. 1891. .
JOHN p MORAN,
Executor OF the last will and testament of
Annie Farrell, deceased.
1sIDoRE B. DoCKwEILER attorney for estate
First publication November 7th, d. 1891
III IT
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18

For mild tonic, gentle laxative and invigor
ant take simmons Liver Regulator.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18

WHEN 1T COMES to carrying the finest and
choicest groceries, W. Chamberlain < Co take
the lead. 21S South Broadway.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
$500 Reward !

WE will pay the above reward for any case OF Liver
Complaint Dyspepsia, Sick Headache, Indigestion Con-
stipation or Costiveness cannot cure with Vests
Vegetable Liver Pills. when the directions ae strictly
complied with. They ore purely vegetable a.o nevof
fail to give satisfaction. Sugar Coated Large BOXES
containing 80 Pills. s5 cents. Beware of countrrreits
and limitations. The genuine manufactured onS ~
THE JOHN G. WEST COMPANY, CHICAGO, Ill
Sold by H. M. SALE & SON N220 s. Spring ct
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
RedOndo Railway

In Effect Monday, Oct. 5, 5 am, 81.
Los Angeles Depot Corner Grand Ave. and JEFF.
ferson st.
rake Grand ave. cable or Main-st. and Agri.
cultural Park horse cars.
trains Leave Trains Leave
Los Angeles Redondo
ior Redondo. for Los Angeles
$50 am. daily ZOO am daily
lO.O5 m. daily $40 a. IN. daily
1855 PIN. daily IL 25 am daily
$50 p: m. daily 4:l0 pm. daily
Running time between Los Angeles and Re
dondo SO minutes.
GEO. J. AINSWORTH, j. N. SUTTON
President. Supt.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
LINES OF TRAVEL.
Pacific Coast S. S. Go.

GooDALL, PERKINS q CO., GENERA
" Agents, San Francisco. Northern rout
embrace lines for Portland, Ore; Victoria,
c., and Puget Sound, Alaska, and all coa
p''N'' SOUTHERN ROUTES.
Time Table for October and November,
1891.
LEAVE SAN FRANCISCO.
For
Port Hartford.
Santa Barbara. g. S. Corona, Oct 13, %, 81 !;
RedondO ...... Nov. o, 1S, d.
San Pedro. ..... rs. S. Queen of Pacific, Oct. 0
Newport. ...... 1s, "a; Nov. 5, IA, 70.
For IS. S. Eureka, Oct IL, 20, 20,
Redondo .... Nov. z, 10, 25
San Pedro and 5. 8. Pomona. Oct. 16, 25;
Way Ports. Nov 3, IL, u, 80.
LEAVE San PEDRO AND EEDoNDo
For TS. 3. Queen OF Pacific Oct
IL, 20, 70; Nov. z, 49, 25.
Newport. NAM. 3. 3. Corona, Oct. 10, "a
san Diego. Nov. 2, IL, 20 20.
For IS S. Queen OF Pacific Oct
San Francisco. 13, 22, 81; Nov. 8, ls, 81.
Port Hartford. H.. s. s. Corona, Oct. IL, 20; Nov
santa BARBARA. A, ID, %.
For g. 8. Pomona, Oct. 10, 10
San Francisco %; Nov. 6, is, "a
and s. $. Eureka, Oct. IA %;
Way Ports. ......J Nov 1, 10, 49, -.
The Queen of Pacific will not stop at Re
dondo nor Newport
Cars to connect with steamers via San Pedro
leave 8. T. X. r. depot, Fifth street, Los An
geles, at 9:25 O'Clock a. III.
passengers per steamer Corona via Redondo,
north bouno, leave Santa Fe depot at 1O:15 a. m.
Oh from Redondo Railway depot, corner Jefferson
street and Grand ave., 1905 am
Passengers per Pomona ana Eureka via
Redondo, leave Santa Fe depot at 5 :25 D. M
Plans OF steamers cabins at agents Office.
where berths may be secured
The steamers Eureka and Pomona will call
regularly ut Newport pier for and with freight
and passengers
The company reserve the right to change the
steamers or their days OF sailing.
E0F-For passage or freight as above or for
tickets to and from ali important points in
Europe, apply to
W. PAKRTs, Agent,
once. No. LA West Second St. Los Angeles.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18
The price Of woigs Acme slgckjoo il

Inc price OF W0If FcWe BIdcFI1g IL
20c. bottle, and it is cheap at that. II
costs more to fill a bottle with Acme Black
ing than other liquid Dressings cost COM
plete for the market, including fancy boxes
artistic shoppers, and other paraphernalia.
We sell The Blacking-not The package.
AS IL is our desire 10 sell ACME Bi.AcEING
cheaper If possible, but find ourselves un-
able to do so owing to It's present cost OF
max we hold "a nriZe OF
Los Angeles herald., 1891-11-18

(tooDALL, PERKINS q CO., GENERA
" Agents, San Francisco. Northern rout
embrace lines for Portland Ore. Victoria,
c., and Puget Sound, Alaska, and all coM
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20

psnses eut OF their own pockets. AT the
TINE OF the Paris exposition n gentleman
was appointed to go out there to arrange
.,. ,ake charge OF part of our agricul-
month to do it. He declined. The matter
SI salaries Is arranged in fashion wholly
haphazard. You will see a woman stenog-
rapner, Tor example, who would receive
Sooo year II she were employed by hus-
e ee,So mousse In the city, given salary of
Si4oo' whlle man whose scientific at
Iainments are of national value is paid
Sloo0. Such man was recently offered
salary OF $1,000 by an institution outside.
vi course he had to accept it. There is no
private hrm. corporation or institution in
this country employing the services of
sclentlhc men and specialists that treats
them In the matter of pay so shabbily as
our men are treated by Congress. The
chiefs OF divisions in this department get
Tue salaries OF boy clerks in dry-goods
store"
TO call them chiefs Of division is mis-
homer, If We understand by that that their
duties are similar to those of chiefs of
divisions in the other departments" re-
marked Secretary Rusk. "Our men are not
suDordinates or employees; they are indie
pendent investigators-spe do
their own work in their own way, and only
Cooperate with me toward the general re-
suit at which we are all aiming"
Has there been an additional appropria-
tlon Tor the silk experiments % ] asked.
The Secretary shook his head "The first
thing to do" he said. would be to put
duty on raw imported silks, to give our
folks here chance to get started. There
is no question that we could produce silk
here equal to the best in the world. We
can select our climate, start our mulberry
trees and grow our cocoons, with the best
sort of silk on them The things we lack
Tin the absence of prote tive tariff is
people to wind off the silk from the cocoon.
In Europe the work is done by people who
not only have done nothing else all their
lives, but whose ancestors for 800 years