The morning call., 1891-04-30
EDITORIAL NOTES.

The General Committee having in charge the
great Congress in 1898 charged with the ad-
vancement throughout the world of republican
institutions as they exist here recently met at
Washington and considered The draft OF the
proposed address TO all peoples, which has been
published for public criticism. lis approval has,
however, been deferred Till October. 1891. II
declares that 10 live in security and TO enjoy the
gains OF labor is the chief end of man in his
social relations The political ana social world
has changed within the last hundred years
that the ancient autocrattc rule which was once
justly maintained for the order OF human society
must give way at last 10 superior aud more
liberal authority that better harmoniZes with the
intellectual progre SIS of mankind. Under this
new order commerce has become the real SOW
ereign OF human affairs. Intervening seas and
towering mountains no more divide separate
Cove rnments to-day than once did geographical
lines. Finance, born of commerce, is it's grand
central agent 10 which all civilized forces are
become subordinate. The surface OF the earth
pOufs forth benefcently and enough for the
comfort Of all her children who toll TO secure her
gi1ts but the curse of monarchy the last relic
OF feudal ages, still remains to force from honest
tollers portion OF their gifts. In this enlght-
ened age the monarch makes no adequate
return for what he takes and claims from his
subjects. In conclusion the address says the
comparison of the merits respectively of the mon
archy ano OF the republic are before the reader
The Pdn-Repubic Congress seeks TO discuss
these merits in a body Of liberal and thoughtful
men. Its purpose is peace. Ii fayOrs neither re-
beiion nor violence as the best means OF political
ameoration for any people. Among those
having the address in charge Archbishop
Ireland, Bishop Kane, Bishop Cheeny, General
Lew Wallace. Ethan Allen, Rev. Edward Everett
Hale, George KEENAN, and other wel-knOwn
individuals
A recent return laid before the British House
Of Commons shows 4 remarkable diminutlon In
the hours Of labor in the chief trade and manu-
featuring circles from 1850 10 1890. The bakers
now no longer work 100 hours a week. the hours,
with very few except 0ns, ranging from so 10 81
In the Drick-making business 60 hours was
rec oDed weeks work ten years ago; now the
working week ranges from 48 to "a. In Scot.
land the hours in the building trades are from OIL
TO 40. Carpenters worked 60 hours week In
1880; now in London the working week is re-
duced to 5212 hours. Stone-caryers work only
Al hours. The hours in the eabinet-making trade
have, since 1850. fallen from 60 and 20 a week
to So In the Northumberland coal mines the
hewers WHO used TO work 60 hours week now
work SO hours. Tie boys have reduced their
hours from ~ TO 321a. But among raj lway men
no progress is recorded. Drivers stll work go
hours week and signalmen ~ hours. Among
ship-builders As hours seems the usual thing Iu
textile Industries the hours have fallen III the
last forty years from 60 week to 5G1a.
Great Britain exported in the past year mer-
chandise 10 the value of 1896, 6S4, 427. of
which no less than s313, 154,S51 represented
foreign merchandise. Commenting OF these lg-
ures the Boston Journal declares: "The large
exports of foreign merchandise from England to
other countries, and the fact that great quaint
ties OF merchandise are imported for transhIp-
ment, which do not always figure In these En-
lsh trade returns suggest one OF the results that
have been accomplished by England's lavish and
persistent policy OF substituting her great steam
ship lines. With the subsidy OF 100000 a
year to the Peninsula and Oriental for in
stance, 1t is not surprising that English mer-
chants should be able to import Asiatic mer-
chandise and reship 1t TO this and other cOun-
tries more eheaply than 1t could be shipped di.
rectly." The effect of recent Congressional leg
IslatiOn Is likely TO be soon shown in increased
exports, and at the rate OF increase OF recent
years we shall at no very distant date be abreast
of Britain as an exporting country.
member OF the New York Legislature named
Varney some time ago introduced a bill for the
purpose, as Its title indicates of compelling the
''owners OF dogs TO keep them confined at night"
The city members waggishly inserted an amend
ment 10 include felines Yarney, who was fairly
wild with rage, threatened In revenge to talk on
all the bills coming up. Only those who have
heard him know what terrible revenge this
would be-
Efforts are being made in England to secure
legislation 10 prevent the immigration OF destl-
tute aliens. A society organized with this OBJ
ieet in view had its origin III tile growing feeling
that the influx of continental paupers was a
menace 10 the continued prosperity of English
work ingmeu.
The Canadian Parliament has assembled and
the indications are that it will be one OF the
lVeliest sessions ever held.