The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1891-07-30
Manual Training.


attendance. The work is all in wood and of
course with woodworking tools. For this rea-
son it is frequently called carpenters school.
1t aims to teach certain foundation principles
upon which all the trades and most Of the arts
are founded. No trade can be learned until
the student or apprentice has learned to work
material straight and square; to measure ac-
curateIy and cut exactly to the measurement.
There are features that are fundamental to all
trades and whether the student is to be a car
penter, marble worker, dressmaker or follow
any other trade, he or she must learn to work
| 10y these principles. The material used in learn
ing these foundation principle, is of little con
| sequence Whether the pupil works in iron,
wood, cay marble Of cloth the change /, only
4 change Of tools, not change of principle
| we rut wood with one kind Of chi~cl, AMI
we cut iron with another kind Of a chiSeI. ana
we use >t different chi5eI to cut marble;
but the principle is the same with them an 1t
requires the same skill to cut the material, and
the same knowledge to keep the tools In order
10 measure accurately, cut to the mark, cut
straight and square, ana work the material so
the two parts will tit together, is necessary in
| each and every trade. To work from a scale
or pIan is necessary to all the trades Orna-
menting or beautifying material or the thing
| constructed, which may be called the ''tinc art''
| Of trade, may be learned in wood or marble
Or iron, Or clay, Or cloth, Or any other material
| lhat is to say, that part Of oruamentation that
| is due to shape. Ornamentug by color of
| course cannot be learned with carpenters
| bItt ,lI tJ,o
! forms can be. TO put a smooth and true sur
face upon the material worked upon I, the
| first principle of ornamentation in every me
chaniraI industry This can be taught in wood
As we'll a in marble or other material and no
person cln learn any trade until he has learned
to work material smooth and out Of wind or
what we call Sm5oM and tiua. Beauty anI
strength are both dependent upon clo.e fitting
joints. Close lifting joints is therefore fun
damentaI principle to All the trades. All the
| beauty Of shape is dependent upon true curves,
straight surfaces and accurate angles The
beauty of piece of fel>par, or piece of rock
salt Is due naniy 10 its perfect angles aud truc
surfaces Beside u,ter and color the anglrs
rank first in mineral beauty. white color aside,
straight stalk, and the true curve, Of hranche,
make the beauty OF the Vegetable world All
| the ornamcnting 4 mechanic can ever 10 bv
the ll,e of moulding. i. ,Ioue III t,o roiuhi,,a-
ton Of 4 curve and \ Straight ne. III NAV
place these together in m unlimited number, of
ways hnt the foundation Is the same, and the
foundation feature, in the combination, are all
in four simple forms, a> follows: The convex
- the concave and the straish line -.
and their four principle colaonations are 50
\ called ,eml-wreck: AMI 50: called an
20. G." The an1Ie m. and tba combination
-: or 50: - When the pupil under
stands That all mould u4s are formed simply
IN multiplying these fopr Simple combinations
ana thut every Inherent combination makes 4
different moulding, theu be can instruct linn
>eIf when alone with hi- Iiyider>, rule and
pencil
one OF the Objects Of the school is to put the
pupil IN position for self instruction. The
school teaches first mechanical construction;
secondly. mechanical strength; thirdly. the
ornunentatiou of mechanical structures. " Ood
is chosen to learn these things upon because
wood is clean, healthy. chcap. easy ID work.
and har,l enough to preserve il, ,bap. au,l ryr-
ners. 1t il in napy re~nerts better for ,,hooI
burmese. thau iron rIay rInth 1r o,,, otba,
material C,lIin,s ii !, ..r4rpant..r. ..,,,,lr
dor, hat cyurr,, INA rraI ,,rr,.a, N VII
..hnnI Surh a n.,,,,.. r.th., h,.t.. ,1., t.uo
rnruo~e. II is in f,,t, ..nA,.b.,,i,,l t,,i,,ir,
1t hT> b,en me custom for , noy 10
.r,a q .br,o ,a,r. ,,,,r,,,t;.,-l hin, ot ,..h ,t
fh,. trades endil, that form with hes. .,rt. .,l
u,4ful kun,vIpd,e than he cam ,,o;,. ,,t in a
manual training school in three months. that
he can u,e in amy trade. oar old apprruttct-
,bins were. aud art. maiuIy huthu. AMI dru,-,-
INV tor the Benefit Of ,hr ho,,. Nue-tr,,tI,
uf all the WORK tile boy ,loe~ j. ouly ,lItlJ-ru-
tnat NJ lrrp,I In fl,lI wv tr>t wrt III /. tpcrp
ond 10 i Eant NJ work III If la.,ii-. If ,y. M.
hn.. Al ], ,york him II H. 4. b.ar,tn, +I,
,..,r,ent.r'. ,r,jo he mt,>t riu,,v aynry thiuo
tb, rood. to Lo .,rit ;,rL,lana au tba
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