The Kimball graphic. (Kimball, Brule County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1905, 1891-01-09
IiE NONUIIVN IOI1AI' .


pie, and very few left the state.
THE CONDITION TODAY.
Even with all these adverse circum-
stances the people of South Dakota are
in much better condition than they
were four years ago. They have learned
to cut the cloth to suit their surround
ings. ECONOMY readily took the place
of expensive habits, needless purchases
and wild speculations. The farmer saw
that his only hope lay in the careful
cultivation Gf his acres and an increase
of his herds, while the merchant
bought what his trade needed in the
common necessaries rather than luxur-
les that remained OF his shelves and
eventually forced him into an assign
ment, The lesson, though trife
severe, has been a good thing for the
state, and the results are everywhere
apparent For new country the
failures OF general dealers has
been very small, an evidence
that the farmer is paying for what he
buys, and further evidence that safe
business is being done. 1t may be said
in this connection that the retail deal
ers in the smaller towns of South Da-
kota are making as much clear money
as the more extensive dealers in the
larger towns. Smaller rent tails, less ex-
pensive clerk hire and lack of competi-
tion are probably the main causes. Dur
ing 1890 there were less mercantile fall
ures in South Dakota than there were
in Minneapolis or Omaha, and the total
in dollars and cents would reach less
than one-third of the sum lost to cred
itors in either OF the cities named.
There is general feeling of security, a
feeling that everything might be much
worse than it is. There will be no suf-
fering in the state. and no cries for out
side aid, except from few localities in
the vicinity of Aberdeen, and even there
there is no actual destitution. The
crops were lass spotted in 1890 than for
several years. The yield per acre was
not as large as known in the state, but
nearly every farmer had something to
sell. In Sphinx, Faulk. Brown, Ed
munds. Walworth and Mcpherson coun-
ties the poorest crops prevailed. In the
Sioux valley the fondest hopes of the
farmer were realized. In the Jim valley
the yield was far from discouraging, as
far north as Beadle county Miner,
Sanborn and Jerauld counties, which
suffered 80 much in 1883 and 1889, came
forward this year with fairly good crops.
Whether forced to it by necessity or
adopted because they saw it would
work, the farmers are diversifying their
labors. Instead of all wheat, they
are trying corn, barley and fax, and,
better than all they are raising hogs,
cattle and sheep. A failure of one does
not mean bankruptcy. The markets
are such that any of these pays. Ger
tainly the people of South Dakota can
congratulate themselves in the success
of 1890, and the prospects for 1891.
PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS.
The only public building of any i'm
portance completed in 1890 was the
soldiers homo at Hot Springs, and
thrown open to the needy veterans of
the late war, last November. The
completion of this institution completes
the list, and no others will be built for
some years. For; new state South
Dakota is we'll supplied. Its buildings
ara as follows:
Insane asylum at Yaukton.
State university ut Vermtllion.
Reform school at Plankinton.
Penitsntiary at Sioux Falls.
Deaf mute school at Sioux Falls.
!. School of mines Mt Rapid City.
Normal school at Spearfsh.
Normal school at P1ankinton.
Agricultural college at Brookings.
State capital at Pierre.
During the year none of the schools
were closed because of lack OF funds,
and there was no suffering at the charita-
BILE and penal institutions. The ap-
propriations made last winter were am
pie for all the needs, and several start
in the new year with balance to their
credit. No scandals or charges of mis-
management attach to any Of the insti-
tntions. At the November election the
people voted to place the permanent
capital at Pierre, and the enterprising
people OF that city deed to the
state very cOmmodious capi.
tol building. OF course bonds are
out for most Of the state buildings, but
the sinking fund accumulatirg to pay
these is far from burdensome. The
rate OF interest is generally quite low.
The last bonds sold brought premium.
OTHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS.
Besides tho state institutions Of learn
ing, there are many other colleges
which are ably managed At Sioux
Falls there are the All Saints school
and Baptist college. The Methodists
have fine college at Mitchell, the
Congregationalists prosperous school
at Yanktop, and the Presbyterians q
good college at Redfield. There are
also colleges at Pierre, Canton, Spring
deld, Scotland, Hot Springs and Wes-
sington Springs, besides several busi-
ness colleges and short hand schools In