The morning call., 1891-02-22

into beet factory and Los Angeles tried the beet
business IN 1880 bat without success. ~ During
season Of 1888, 1900 tons OF sugar were made at
WaIsonvc and 800 at Alvarado so that the
beet product of California in 1888 was POO
tons, a small beginning truly. Tie following
has been the output (iu pounds so FAR as any
record has been kept:
ls72..........1,5 OO,OOO lSs2.......... 900 900
ISz5........-..- 550,o10 IsS3.........i 200 600
ls14............1, iISS4..........2,l34273
lS75........... GOO 900 1855 .343 l7S
ls16............ 995,UOO lSs6 .........l, 69s 25S
ls17..... -....l, 0UO,OOU lSS7........... 572466
lSIS........... 100000 1888. ....4. 100000
1850. 500 600 1870. 100000
The data of actual working may be Inferred
from The report OF the Alvarado factory for the
year 1SS4S5. In that year 1854 tons OF
5eets produced 2,l67, 2S3 pounds, 967 3-5
tons OF sugar neatly; That is It took about II
tons Of beeis TO make one ton of sugar. In this
Campaign, however. the full quantity Of sugar Is
not obtained. as though during the fist few
months 10 per cent was yielded during the
Latter part only per cent could be obtained.
Good California lahd will yield % 10 30
IONS Of sugar beets To the acre, yielding
IN sugar 10 per cent or the greatest known yield
in the world. AT 20 tons there VIII be 2I2
tons, or 5000 pounds, rehned sugar to The acre
Professor HilSaId estimates the area of lands
tn California capable OF beet culture as $500
square miles or 3,731,2 200 acres. The proba-
blIty Is that the area is larger This Is scattered
all over the Stale In the most fertile val
leYS. Surprising that this yielded 20 tons OF
bee!s, OF 5GcO pounds sugar per acre, and that
suggested by Claus Spreckels, IL would make the
annual Yield s, 100000 lOus, or nearly three-fold
the present eonsumFion OF the United States.
Inc WhOle oil the Pdcnc States and Territories
can, no doubt, produce six TO seven million tons,
enough 10 supply 80 per cent more than the pres
ent consumption of all civilized countries. That
consumption, though, Is increasing very rapidly
aud 1t doubles III the United States In about
twenty years. Thus IN that time IL would absorb
all the possible production of the State.
BREECH- LoADERs-J. C., Juneau. Alaska.
The q. &. answered on the LIST inst. that tie in-
PRODUCTION Of Dreech-loading rifles and carbines
in tile United States Army dated properly from
1865, and expressed doubt that the querist
fired breech-loadmg cIrbine In the war with
Mexico. Captain a. W. CorlIss, Eighth Infantry,
U. S. 4, writing 10 the Q. c. from Fort Robin
son, Nebr., under date OF the 9TH inst, SAYS:
Tine Hall cArbne Il breecu- loader and NOT a
bad one, was used in the latter part OF the Next
can war Of 1S+G 81, ana purchased one from a
soldier VINO brought IL hom- as a relic" Captain
COtliss IS cOrrObO' ated by ely correspondent,
under date Of the 9sll inst, as follows: 81 see In
your query column OF February LIST that j. u,
Juneau, Alaska, says he fired bteect- loader
IN tie war with Mexico In 1S47. i have
got breech loading carbine, said 10
have been used In the Mexican war.
NoI Is STAINED 9 Has or ny ws by s.
down 10 that il might be stated regarding
military rifles that as early as 1871 the
PIussans had adopted tue needle gun (Zundna-
delgewehr, a breech-l loader on tie holt principle.
Yet not III ] 64 was 1t that committee OF Off
GERS recommended The Introduction OF breecn-
loading AIMS for general adoption IN the British
army. TIE triumph OF PTusst IN the Seven
Weeks War with Austria Ia 1866 at once drew
attention 10 Tie urgency OF The case, aud caused
ali civilized powers 10 reaim their troops. Un-
doubleday bIeech-luddlng guns, or the theory of
them, were appreciated even before lie war
with Mexico, Tor rs early as 1912 scientific
EUcllshman named Benjamin Robins, and the
author oil =" New Principles OF Guuuery," refers
III HE same 10 b eecn-luadmg rifles designed for
eXpeditng the loading. as IN use in England,
though not elsewhere, to his knowledge. These
rlnss were made to receive tue powder aud ball
through an opening in The side of The barrel,
which was then closed 10y screw. However
even during the war with Mexico breech-Ioadiug
rifles and carGlues must have been rare; certain
they were not in general Issue 10 the army by The
Government.
ELLswoRTH's ZoUAvEs-L. Med, City. In
the first place, The First Fire Zouaves," OF
Which Ephratm f. Ellsworth was Colonel was
not an Illinois regiment but New York regl-
ment-the Eleventh New York Volunteer In
fanny Regiment, which departed from the State
on May l, 1861, 1919 men strong. Ellsworth
introduced the ZOuave drill and organization IN
the United States and while In Chicago having
attained IA thorough familiarity with The French
Chasseur d'Afrlque OF Zouaye drill and organ
lzation. he iOtmed d corps Ia that city with such
notifications AS he deemed desirable to better
adant II TO this country aud the genius OF the
people. The corps Which he organized
and OF which, naturally he became
The strictesL abstinence from spirltuOus
liquors ana tobacco was enforced and lie d rtlI
was exceedingly severe m its gymnasfic require
ments. 1t lad becn organiZca less than one
year when It's extraordinary performances won il
AT the STATE Agricultural Fair a stand OF
colors. ana in July, 1860. with these colors il
visited the Eastern cities, challenged competition
In military discipline ana drill aud won golden
opinions everywhere. On his return Ellsworth
organized a Zouave regiment, which he offered TO
the Governor for the defense Of The Stale, as if
In premonitiOn OF the coming ST. uggle; but alter
the political campaign be accompanied Presi.
uglt-elpet Lincoln WuShinpTOn ~ ha
ceved Lieulenanps commission preparatory to
bis entrance into the War Department, and had
already matuTed In his own mind 4 reOrgauiZa-
ton OF The militia OF the country. The breaking
out OF the war upset his plans. At the prOclama-
tion OF the President, on the 18Th of A prll, he
hastened 10 New York and organized Il regiment
from tbs Fire Department, and IN three weeks
more marched at their mead through Penusyiyt +
MIA avenue, Washington. He drilled his regiment
assiduouSly, and, more than any other man could
have done, tamrd and controlled those restless
and ungovefnaole spirits The Q. c. does not
understand, however, that the Chicago corps or
regiment was used as a Dueleus for The Eleventh
New York Volunteer Infantry.
THE POET LoNGFELLow-B. T, City, a.
Longlellow, the poet, died at his home, the
Craigie Mansion, Cambridge, Mass, near Mount
Auburn, In the family vault Of which cemetery
his remains lie. Craigie Mansion is famous as
having been WashingtOn's headquarters after
the battle OF BuuFer Hin. (2) A bust of Long
fellow was placed 10 the Poets Corner I'm West
Minis er Abbey, London, England. in March,
1884, and his is the first instance OF such an
honor having been. paid an American poet. The
bust stands al tho tomb Of Chaucer, between
The m MORALS to Cowley and Dryden. ln Sep
tember, 1888, "A bronze statue by franklin SIM
mons was erected in Portland, Me, tie birth
place OF LonCIelOw. Then The meadow across
the street aud IN front OF his home, stretching
down 10 the river Charles, was given by his chit
dren shortly after his death 10 the Longfellow
Memorial Association. OH condition that II should
be kept open forever and properly laid ont Tor
pubic enjoyment.
6EGDIENTAL STRESGTH-J. Med, City. Ac.
r0rdiDg TO The United States Army Regulations an
artillery regiment Of twelve batteries could have
as many as 1850 officers aud enlisted men;
cavalry regiment OF twelve troops 1176, and an
infantry regiment OF ten companies 11SS all
told. But that Is not saying that regiment
minimum Strength could not have had 500
turned out volunteers from New York for lie
war. Take the three months militia regiments
o.. o. 1851, and Lhe yenth aud Sixty ninth only Of
tie eleven bad 1850 men. ranging down then 10
$50, 800. 1856, 5G3. $50 aud 4S6-the ThIr-
ieenth OF the TWO yea $ regiments the numer-
ical strength ranged from 1143 ore Fifty-sixthl
10 40 0he fiity-hnO 700 and 500 ana mole
being generally tue strength
To HOLD PUBLIC LAND-J. j. N, City. The
Uniied States homestead laws do not allow a
man 10 acquire homestead by any such loose
methods as residing on the land once week in
every six months and making such improve
mentS as time viii permit during such week aud
during The first two years Of that time Resi-
drnce must be continuous, and person must
have no other home His house must he furnished
and IroVlsioned. Be may absent himself during
harvest Tine or at any Other easonabe season
to obtain work 10 earn money 10 improve his
place and support hlmselIi bat his absences can
not be altogether but Il few months In the year
IL he Is away any such length OF TIME as you
mention, his homestead will be attacked FOR
abandonment and evident bad faith and eau
Had 4 CHI In