The sun., 1891-07-26

though he did much harm to his country by
his restlessness and ill.directed schemes.
was . man OF literary tastes. and wrote
much md ably upon various subjects. He
was liberal patron OF mon OF letters, and COL
lected great library at Evora. Perhaps tho
truest indication OF tho greatness which seems
to have existed In his character. is to be found
In hia answer to the chronicler who asked
how he should write tho annals OF his reign,
The King said simply. Tell the truth"
1t is around tho achievements OF Prince
Henry tho Navigator that the discoveries OF
Portuguese explorers may best be grouped.
for he was their guiding spirit, and the i'm
pulse that he gave lived after him. 1t is inter.
estinS to remember that he WIS half an Eng.
lishman. being the third son OF John the Great
by Philipra OF Lancaster. We have seen that
rs carly as l418 he took up his abode at Sagrs.
and devoted himself to maritime investiga-
tions. Too wise to neglect scientific knowl-
edce. lie availed himself OF his enormous
wealth to call to his aid mathem aticisns and
astronomers from nll parts OF Europe. lie enl-
ployed them In making charts nnd in i'm prov
ing the working OF the compass. With an eye
also to the practical side OF his design he COL
lectsd all the experienced captains and
mariners whom he could reach and sent them
forth yoar after year on voyages OF discovery
along the western coast OF Africa He never
went OH any Of these expeditions In person. but
he was acknowledged alike by sailors and by
men Of science to be their presiding genius
~ the idea IN MS mind was that i was possible
sade asSs With tSs last and mean to
choly to think that alter more than forty years
endeinS"r en-. si, ri, ns should have ed without behold.
10 no doubt that Prince Henry WAS familiar
with the Periplus OF ilanno in tho course 0f
upon ihe, coast Of Guinea. Nor Is there
had also become acausintsd With the record
nsxn oF SSags N.cS SV IN
ward at tho mout 81 the sed eifs Amazed ass
ways kept the land upnn their right hand yet
during the first half q! their voyage the sun al
the second half upon tueir right. This State
ment. which their contemporary les accepted MS
proof Of their msndssity. may have been rec
truth OF their stoiy.
The Il, 81 fruits OF Prince. Henry's exploring
or Madeira in 1870. It is well known that
rodiscoSeres. Insisting That Madeira wi was. SIN il
fact lig.te e. on by portuguese- IN 1851. and
ha ~ .hs as II o sSst r,
continued occupation, Of ms isIan! and its
s Hn'1 snry to the en-
iIenr' s plan; the PURPOSE q his exredi-
long renamed an insurmountable obstacle
to t"r,uE1ess aaeiu mus'ners Among other i'm
to se9na ss eaps the
Canary Islands and the Azores. The former
efoaI was sprron;dered to Spain on the score
eo wnsS % SSa eesped sss i'sha a
Baldaya reached The Eio lJ0uro. In 1I4i An
and in the me year Nuno Tresiao. ,he most most
daring q hrnss lenrys saptaRs he
Cs5o i'raneo: or White cape.
Merely noting In passing that with the last
The African slavs trade. which in the end was
to have serious eonseIIences ~ for Portugal; We
Nnno Tristao sailed as lar as tho Senegal
hdSss, and IL TIE Dnz Dig his
Of ofNorthwest Airicn. Cape Boiad"r and Tabo
and their hopes "i % reschine India w.ro or .x"iied
~ finding that tho coast trepded abruptly to
reeeed caps Vsrae which hs called By tha
nGme from its green npncarsnce.
s thu hs snns:
Luigi Cadamosto a Venetian who had nterei
the service OF Dom Henry. 1t is now generally
believed that during his famous voyage in 1885
and diseoSer e Il" Gambia and "S that the Gspe
Verde Islands were made known in l46O By
Prince Henry died. He had not attained di-
rect sea route to India. but he had opeued tho
existed. the captains trained by him would
n 1Rs tSSs s s a %"f ,5e snds Is
Of st. Thomas. Fernando BON. and Ammo
as Caps St. Catherine. In 1854 DioGo tam dis.
covered the Congo and two ,ears later Bur-
tholomew Diez reached AlHoa Bay and doubled
the Caps. which he called Stormy" from tho
winds be met here sut which nj so%ieroigH
the Cnpe OF Good Hope. Eleven years more
were to eiapse before Nasco dn CANA made his
way from Lisbon TO Cdlicut and transferred
the trade OF tine East from the Nenetians to tho
In tic sixteenth century eliminates tho ro.
CAPTAINS and grent Writer'S: nli The trstilc with
Persia India. China. Japan. and the Spics
the same sixteenth century was TO SEQ the
Portuguese power "ollanse. and tho in
dependence won by Alfonso H"nriIneS
q ans y.r. vnns T "w.Sd nwsy xSu four to h. ..
Portugal. whose name for two generations bad
estate AMI dwindls into m-re pr vim Q OF
Spniu. On the latter chapters ofits history we
to all educated readers. and trustworthy nc.
counts OF them already exist in English. But
as regards the origin and evolution OF the Por-
tuRuese na ionallty, the hook now published
to present au: hentic information. NJ. W. H