The record-union., 1891-09-22

the sale of the nuts. 1t is therefore OBJ
vious that this is an industry which can
be made far more productive and profit
able than it now is, since very little effort
has been made toward cultivation.
FARM NOTES.
For New Jersey is reported total of34,-
307 farms, with 3l3 abandoned farms, and
an average value per acre of S65.
From the report of the New Jersey
State Board of Agriculture it appears
that it pays to raise cucumbers. They re-
turn $3.50 per acre. Sweet potatoes come
next at SI22.
Keep the dairy-room at about 500 mot
over COZ if possible, using thermometer
to indicate the temperature. The tenn
perature of the cream when it goes in the
churn should be go in summer and $50 in
winter.
Sameness of food is costly. An animal
may thrive for a time on certain diet,
but sooner or later change must be al
lowed or the animal will fall off in flesh
or production. Variety of food supplies
all the requirements.
Farmers who do not have silo know
that the root crops are useful agents in
promoting the thrift of the stock in
winter, and they make mistake if they
have neither roots no ensilage for winter.
Too much dry food entails loss.
dried before storing it away for next
years planting. When the seed is dry it
is less liable to being injured by severe
cold, and the more thorough the drying
of the corn the better it will keep.
The prize for the best l00-acre farm or
less, in England, was won by farmer
who farms eighty-one acres of grass land,
forty-one acres being in pasture. He
keeps fifty-two cows, and spent S., 900 for
extra food for his stock each year.
1t does not pay to feed good food to
poor stock. An experienced dairyman
makes use of the remark that he cannot
afford to feed $50 worth of grain to a calf
worth only fifty cents, and the express
sion applies in other directions on the
farm.
Farmers should rigid1y guard their
hogs against disease by procuring any
new stock required only after inspecting
the herds from which they desire to Sc
lect. Never buy from neighborhood in
which disease is known to exist or re-
Gently existed.
An extremely rich soil is not suitable
for the large fruits. The growth of wood
is too rapid and tender. Fortunately
there is no. great amont of such soil in
this country, and when found it is better
adapted to wheat, corn or onions than to
pears and apples.
4.The milk tester is the best detective on
earth for picking out the poor COWS; per
cent. of butter fat should be the mimi
mum, and the COW whose milk does not
reach this point has missed her calling,
and is unworthy of a place in the adj
vanced dairyman's herd.
There is good deal of courage as well
as good judgment needed to prune and
thin out trees at the proper time so that
they Will have room to grow systemat-
ically and not interfere with the light
and air where needed, and may not in
tercept some beautiful view.
y steer that produces the most choice
beef is one that is not only fat but well
supplied with lean also. Tallow often
secures the prize atsfat stock shows in
preference to meat that is intimately
interspersed with lean and fat. Weight
does not always indicate quality of flesh.
\ clean soil in the fall and the weeds
destroyed before they seed will save one
half the labor in the spring. Seeds of
weeds start OFF in growth very early, and
the farmer cannot keep them out of the
way. The time to destroy weeds is when
they are just coming up through the
ground.
AS a speaker at one of the New York
dairy schools said: A COW with an udder
full of milk IS always standing still or
lying down, chewing the cud. No one
ever saw dairy COW dancing round in
pursuit of exercise, unless sha was doing
il at the end of the boss COWS horns in
the barnyard or pasture.
Roots and clover hay are combination
that give excellent results as food for
cows, and contain many elements, espe-
clally mineral matter, that are in but
small proportion in grains, though
roots abound more largely in starch.
Clover is rich in nitrogen and mineral
matter, while the succulent roots promote
digestion.
a farmer of Atchison, Kan, wanted
to dig well, SO he plowed a lot of land
and planted 1t in oats. Every day he
watched the oats, observing the spots
that showed the greatest moisture. FL
nally he selected a spot and sank well.
At twenty-four feet he had fine stream
of water. 1t is said TO be the best well in
the county.
The mares should be bred in the fall
rather than in the spring, as foaling late
IN the season does not prevent the mare
from being used to better advantage in
the spring, the colt being weaned when
the dam Is likely to be required. 1t is also
more economical to care for the colt dur
ing the winter and turn it on the pasture
in the spring.
After the fruit is gathered the orchard
may be used for stock. Sheep and hogs
Will clean up the refuse, and also benefit
the trees by their manure. If the orchard
is fenced in with hedge the field will be
suitable for winter, as the hedge and
trees serve as wind breaks During
severe weather, however, all classes of
stock should be protected in the barn
yard.
The overlooking of breeding stock is an
evil that demands attention. 1t is well
known that for breeding purposes an
animal should not be excessively fat, vet
animals are exhibited at fairs as "breed-
ing'' stock when, in fact, they are in
conditions which is just the opposite to
what they should be. If fat animals are
attractions at fairs they should be in
duced TO compete Tor prizes offered for fat
stock. Fat animals are only fit for the
butcher.
One who has tried the Horned Dorset
sheep is very emphatic in his assertion
that they cannot be eXeelled by any
others as general purpose sheep for the
middle temperate zone. They are espe-
cially noted for their prolificacy of breed
ing, usually raising two lambs per eve
per annum. They are large bodied.
heavy meated, produce an excellent
quality of mutton and good fleece of
medium coarse wool.
Red clover aud orchard grass ripen
about the same time, timothy ripenipr
about three weeks later. AS clover and
timothy do not ripen together, it will be
NoIthy oI an experiment TO use orchard
grass and clover on some Soils Timothy
and clover give the largest yield, how
ever, and viii be used in preference by
the majority for that reason, though the
two kinds tclover and timothy would
be more suitable if ripening at the same
time.
Keep your eye-and nose too-on the
linen cream strainer, and the rag used
for washing the milk and cream cans,
ghurn htRffo n
these things need close watching during
the hot DAYS. which are so rarodIIcti,.1. q