davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
What an AYRSHIRE Cow Doas.

An Ayrshire cow genel ally shows 10
per cent. of solids, 13 to 16 per cent. of
cream, and 81 to ~ per cent. of butter
fat. In the milking competitions of the
London Dairy Show and the Oxfordshire
and other shows, the Ayrshries have
stepped far ahead of the Shorthorns,
Guernseys, etc, in the quantity and quail
ity of the milk which they yielded. The
milk OF the Ayrshire is pre-eminently
suited for cheese-making from it's COM
position and structure. All samples of
milk under the microscope are seen to
be composed of a homogeneous fluid, IN
which float little globules of butter fat.
These globules vary in size, and while in
the Jersey they are comparatively large,
in the Ayrshire they are small and not
rising quickly, but, mixing with the curd
butter, make an evenly rich cheese. The
quantity of cheese yielded by such ami
NAL is about six hundredweights, esti-
mated in so many stones Of twentyfour
pounds each.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

When eggs are desired for incubation,
make up breeding pen of ten or twelve
of the best hens in the flock; select from
those known to be the layers and which
have been free from disease of any kind:
with them put a vigorous cOckerel, not
under eleven months old and OF pre-
ferred breed, and the result will be salts
factory.
Do not attempt to raise chicks by
using eggs for incubation from the egg
basket, and which are laid by lens that
you are not sure were the ones that de-
posted the eggs in the nest; but make
up breeding-pen, consisting of selected
hens, with selected male with them.
and you will then know the kind Of
chicks to expect. and also know some
thing Of their future prospects; but un
less this is done, all your efforts will be
like working in the dark-F'd1Tn and
FlreSide
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
Poultry Notes.

WELL-FED pullets will lay much earlier
than those allowed to go to roost with
out well filled crop
No DANGER of getting the growing
stock too fat. There is more liability of
not giving them enough.
Fowls are fond of onions chopped up
and mixed with their soft food. Onions
are preventive and remedy for many
diseases.
THE first step towards having eggs in
winter is to eXterminate the vermin from
your f1ocks and buildings and get your
birds in good flesh.
DoN'r forget to save the best young
hen turkeys for breeding purposes. Kill
the others for Thanksgiving if you want
to but reserve your breeding stock first.
The best market for the farmer or gen.
eral poulterer, living near city to cater
to, is retail custom Have regular line
OF housekeepers to whom you deliver
eggs fresh once or twice a week, and
fowls whenever they are ordered.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

be made.
This craft, to which the party commit
themselves and their hopes for period
of about four months, is bark built, but
barkentine rugged, and, though equipped
with all the sails vessel of her size can
osSiby carry, she has an engine and
propeller. She relies chiefly on her can
vas, but the steam is useful in eXtri-
eating her from ice.
The Kites dimensions are III. feet
over all, 26.4 feet beam, and IA feet
hold. It's tonnage is $50 gross and 100
net. The engine is fifty horse power,
and, being vertical engine, the builder
was enabled to place it we'll aft. This
gives the propeller short crank shaft,
and lessons the liability to breakage
Its normal speed is seven and half
knots with steam, and with both sail
and steam fully nine knots. As pro-
lection against ice while running free
the Kites bows fifteen feet back are a
solid mass OF wood, the timberS being
dovetailed together. A vertical strip of
iron passes from the bowSprt down the
nose under the water line and some dis
lance along the keel. The iron is
inches wide and l inch thick. Straps of
iron inches wide and II inches thick
arc bound around the nose horizontally
10 S0uD the Ice. FROM inc stern two
thirds of the way forward the sides are
doubly p anked. Poth sides down to the
keel forward are also doubly planked.
She has had plenty of experience among
the iceber3s. Mr.. Bowring, of the ship
ping firm of Bowring & Archibald, of
New York, the agents of the Kite, says
that if she hit an iceberg it would be
very bad thing for the berg.
Whalers of this kind go north, loaded
to the gunwales with coal, and if they
are specially fortunate and catch their
whales quickly, they heave the coal
overheard to make room for the oil.
The Kite may bring back whale or
two, but the plans of the party are to
make its geological prices much more
varied than those of a whaler. DR..
Hughes expects to have carnival
among the birds of Greenland and fill up
large Fart of the steamers tween
decks with bird skins, eggs and nests.
DR.. Sharp will carry Winchester rife
of bore sufficiently large to enable him
to bag with ease polar bear, a walrus,
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

a narwhal the unicorn whale-or a
seal Reindeer and musk OK will tumble
before his bullets if has the luck he hopes
for.
Lieut.. Peary said that the chief OBJ
ject sought to be accomplished by the
expedition is the solution of the prob
lem whether Greenland is an island or a
continent. "If it is a continent, and it
seems to me that the weight Of the evil
dence is that way" Lieut. Peary con-
tinued, "the vexed question Of the find
ing of the north pole will have been an
swered in the affirmative, for it will be
necessary, in order to reach the pole,
only to penetrate further and further
into the frozen country along the line of
the western coast of Greenland. If it
shall be proven that Greenland is con-
tinent many lives of explorers who
might seek to reach the pole by sailing
north will be spared.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

TO acquire knowledge pertaining to the
practice and science of their noble voca-
ton. Among the sources of information
relative to the best modes of soil culture
and farm management, the discussions
and other doings lectures, essays, etc.
of farmers clubs and Institutes are the
most valuable, though rural books and
journals merit careful study. There
fore, we urge ruralists to attend every
session of farmers club or institute
held within their reach, and to partlci-
pate III it's proceedings. Many States
have provided for holding county insti-
tuteS the coming season, and it is hoped
these will be numerically attended and
prove largely beneficial to the agricul-
tural interest. Farmers clubs are also
increasing in numbers and usefulness.
OF the great benefits derivable from
these clubs there can be no question,
and they should receive the encourage
ment and support of the true friends of
rural progress and improvement every
where
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

existence of a channel at this point, con-
Meeting the two oceans, is that a heavy
flow of water comes down the coast. 1t
comes, probably, from the Atlantic, be-
cause the tides can be identified as At
lantfc tides as opposed to those Of the
Pacific.
Whether these 400 miles between
Greenland and the pole are filled in with
only frozen ocean broken up into an
impossible ice gorge, or whether there is
a chain of islands giving tolerably easy
access to the pole is, Of course, yet to be
determined.
Peary and his party will be abe to do
little but preparatory work during the
present year The Kite will convey
them to some suitable spot in Prudhoe
Land, and they will go into winter quar-
tiers Immediately, where they will wait
until next summer for their great dash
to the northern limits They will de-
liberataly get frozen in there for the
winter All the expeditions which have
gone for the pole have met this fate, but
they have had the disadvantage of being
in ships which were likely to t1 "nipped"
and sunk.
1t will not be until next year, there
fore, that the fruits of Peary's explora-
tions can be pluclled.
With the Hellprln party, however, the
case is different. After depositing
Peary and his effects in the most shell
tered nook it is possible to find, the
bonny little Kite will take to her heels
and land the other party at points along
the coast favorable to the determination
of important facts missing in the scien-
tifc history of Greenland
Considering their well-known ability
and capacity for research, the discover
les of the Heilprin party are likely to
be more diverse and interesting than
even those Of Peary. The region to
traversed is very rich in animal life, "a
it is intended to secure specimens Of
every creature that will kindly come
within the range Of the very effective
guns that will be carried.
Polar bears. wolves, foxes seals, rein
deer, musk OK, walruses, aud scores OF
animals almost equally interesting are
to be found about Whale Sound. Insects
and birds fill the air. On land there are
minerals and extremely valuable speci
mems of fossils, and the bOtanist, though
not as richly repaid for his labor as il
other parts of the world, can find plenty
to do among the lichens, MOSES, grasses
and flowers of the country.
There seems to be wave of curiosity
just now about Greenland. 1r, in addi
tion to the two expeditions on the Kite
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

therefore, is one huge iceberg factory as
well as refrigerator which, with its
stock OF millions upon millions of tons of
ice stored up for eternity, has tremen-
dous effect upon the temperature CT
everything within hundreds of miles of
it, and no doubt upon the climate of this
country.
Lieut.. Peary gives the following bref
outline Of his plans:
In July the party, numbering five or
six, will gointo winter quarters at Wh.'e
Sound, to make Reconnaissance and Inv
in supplies for the journey toward the
pole. Next spring an advance party
will be sent forward to establish de-
pots of supplies, and the main party
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

top Of the stool take good oak board
about an inch thick and eight or ten
inches wide by twelve long, tapering
slightly to the front. Next take two pieces
of oak or other hard wood about two by
three inches and twelve inches long, for
legs. The front ones can be made smaller.
A is a board half an inch thick and six
teen inches long, fastened at B by saw
ing notches about a quarter of an inch
deep in the leg and securely fastened to
it by a couple of snail nails. c is a
piece of metallic hoop which 1 have to
admit the bucket easily. d is piece of
stouter iron, fastened to x and Y. by
rivets.-G. f. Bastai1,, IN Farm and
Homo
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
Hints to Housekecpers.

IN case of cut, smoke the wound with
burned red flannel on which has been
placed small quantity of sugar, then
tie up, after sprinkling with sulphur,
and it will heal Immediately.
AN excellent cough mixture is made of
one ounce pressed MULLEN, half ounce
hoarhound, one quart soft water; boil
until thin molaSSeS; strain thin, add one
pint New Orleans molasses; boil a few
moments. Dose, one tablespoonful four
times a day or after every coughing
spell.
KEEP sailed provisions under brine
always.
NEVER have dark carpet and walls IN
room that is deficient in light Only
apartments open to the outer light will
stand gloomy tones in decoration.
IN a severe sprain of the ankle i'm
merse the joint as soon as possible in
pail of hot water, and keep it there fif-
teen or twenty minutes. Aftor remov-
ing it keep it bandaged with 1oU cloths
wrung out OF water. or rum and water.
WASH sadirons each week before put
ting them on to heat; there will then be
no danger of clothes being soiled in the
ironing. The starch is very apt to stick
to them, and unless washed off carefully
each week, is almost sure to soil damp
pieces, even if tho irons are rubbed be-
fore using them.
IF mating becomes soiled it is easily
renovated, unless stained, with little
salt put into pail of topid water. Mop
the straw with a soft colth wrung out
well, and dry it with another as the
mopping progresses. Never use soap.
Some people use skim milk for rubbing
out the spots.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

at least two others have been fitted out
in Northern Europe. Each however,
has it's separate mission. While there
will be, to certain extent, scientific
competition, the expeditions are not
likely to come to blows or even to meet
Patriotic Americans will, of course, hope
that the Hei prin Earty will carry offSthe
laurels.
The Kite, in which the party will
travel, is typical whaler, not beautiful
to the eye but powerful, seaworthy, and
just about as unsuitable as a vessel can
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

In some parts of Greenland, particu
larly the north, the ice and snow, col
lecting for ages, has accumulated until
it is mile thick in some places. AS Ii
never melts, the surface is tolerably
smooth. 1t is the discharge Of ice by
means Of glaciers that keeps the supply
down
The weight Of the snow pressing from
the center to the edges forces the ice
into the sea. 1t flows down the valleys
as rivers do, and, reaching the sea, is
broken off into icebergs. Greenland.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

This Point reached and determined,
the advance party will retrace its steps
to Whale Sound, taking up the various
depots, and seize the first opportunity to
return home.
based upon the fact that the interior Of
South and Middle Greenland is known
to be covered with an uninterrupted ice
cap and the more than probability that
in North Greenland the conditions are
the same and the ice cap practically CO.
extensive with the land
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

will follow, proceeding as far north rs
possible.
Here a second depot will be estao-
lished, and two or three Of the party,
with full sledges, will push ON, the others
returning with light sledges to Whale
Sound
The advance party will push on from
Petermann ford to the head of Sherard
Osborne ford, establish depot there,
thence to the head of De Long ford, es-
tablish depot, thence to the northern
terminus of Greenland.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
FAN Flowing.

The benefits of fall blowing for all
spring crops, except Indian corn, have
already been demonstrated, and it's great
economy is SO apparent to every intelli-
gent farmer that no further discussion
of the question is necessary. The inau-
guration and making of permanent and
other improvements should also now re-
ceive attention.
WITHDRAWING, and also surface drain
age and the laying of pipes or logs for
the conveyance of water, may often be
done to advantage at this season, and
will prove most valuable Improvements.
Now, also is good time to provide a
years supply of fuel, as we'll as pea
brush, bean-poles, etc. And it is not too
early for gathering the ice crop and mak-
ing maple sugar, while those who have
timber to cut and hall will do we'll to
plan their work without delay. Fore
casting and arranging in advance will
greatly facilitate farm operations during
the winters
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
THE POULTRY-YARD.
Mating the Breeding Stock.

Unless you desire to hatch chicks, the
males can be kept away from the hens.
By so doing, a larger number of hens
can be kept together, instead of male
and ten hens, for if two males are put in
the same pen, they will probably quarrel
and fight, and be rendered useless.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

gin a little north of
the poin is w h ere
P AIRY, Payer, De
Long, and Greeley
left off, assuming
that Greenland is an
island, and that fu-
ture exped on s
will probably be
made in stron e
whaleboats, carried
in sections over the
ice cap which covers
the country. The
surface of the cap is
C o m para tiVely
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
Ma and Pa.

Mrs. De Style-The expressman has
come with my box of Worth dresses.
Tell pa to go down and pay him.
Little Son-Pa can't go down now.
He's sewing a patch on his pants.-
Street &c Smiths Good NeaU2.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
OUR RURAL READERS
DEPARTMENT

Advantage of Farmers Clubs and Insti-
tutes-Farms of the Future-A Con-
venient Milking StoOl-Raising Pigs for
Pertaining to the Household and
Kitchen.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

due north In company,
and afterward to separate and do alone
the work that will have brought each
into the arctic region, are Lieut.. Robert
E. Pearys party, to determine the north
ern extent of Greenland, and the COM
pany of scientists under command of
Prof. Angelo Heilprin Of the Academy of
Natural Sciences Of Philadelphia who
will ascertain the physical facts about
what is probably the most interesting
section of the same country.
Although Greenland was colonized by
Europeans a thousand years ago, very
little is known abodt it's interior, and
nothing in relation to its extreme north
ern boundary. Some people claim that
it is continent stretching perhaps as far
as the north pole, but geographers gener-
ally agree that it is an island, and that
there is an ocean passage connecting the
Arctic Ocean with the Atlantic not very
far north of the most northerly point SO
far reached on the west coast Of Green
land.
fguration Of the coast line. which mar
rows on both coasts toward the north,
and it requires very little imagination to
round out the island, making the north
ern limit cross a line about 400 miles
from the north pole.
Lieut. Peary's idea is to reach this
limit. establish stations there, and make
those stations the starting point Of ap
other expedition to the pole ittelf.
This same latitude has never been
reached by any of the many polar eXpe-
ditions The scheme, therefore, is to be-
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

two adventurous par
ties, one section of
which intends to lay
out a route for some
future expedition to the
north pole, the other
bent on the scientif-
ic exploration of the
nor t b w g s t coast Of
Greenland.
The two bands which
have pooled their is
sues and arranged to
4 L nnh
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22

smooth, and admitsDR WIN. B. E. HUGHES
OF travelling which might be called lux
urious when compared with journeys
over the jagged, frozen sea
Che Of the reasons for believing in the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
THE DAIRY.
Convenient Milking stool.

Here is milking stool invented by me,
which is light and durable and very con-
venient as it holds the pail securely in
it's place. 1t is easily made and when
finished has neat appearance. For the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
Chemistry of the Laundry.

The laundress will find it useful to
''paste this in her hat" Thirty yards
of Gotten cloth may be bleached i'll fifteen
minutes By one large spoonful of sal
soda and one pound of chloride of lime
dissolved in soft water; after taking out
the cloth rinse it in soft cold water so
that it may not rot.
The color Of French linen may be pre-
served by a bath in strong tea of COM
mon hay. Calicoes with pink or green
colors will be frightened if vinegar is
put in the rinsing water, while soda is
used for purple and blue If it is de-
sired TO set colors previous to washing,
put a spoonful of OK gall to gallon of
water and soak the fabrics in the liquid.
Colored napkins are put in I've before
washing, to set the color. The color of
black cloth is freshened if it is pat in a
pail of water containing q teacupfuI of
lUo
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
THE HOUSEHOLD,
Hints for the Sick Room.

DiSnfectantS should be used according
to the doctors orders, but it may be well
to state that putting saucers of various
chemicals around a room will not diSin-
feet the atmosphere. Whatever is ex-
posed 20 infection, such as china, or
| clothing, or bedding, should be thor
Oughly cleansed and rinsed in some dis
injecting fluid Tin or galvanized iron
pals and buckets should be used in pref
erence to wood. Such things as cannot
De was Led should be properly fumigated
before they can be considered safe Dis
J infectants cannot take the place of clean
liness
Ventilation is Of great Importance and
is very apt to be either neglected or i'm
properly done. There are many sources
of impurity in the atmosphere of the sick
room. The breath of both patient and
attendants, the odor of perspiraton, any
uncleanliness of either person or room,
imperfect trapping of waste-pipes in the
house, dirty cellar sending it's miasma
up through the registers along with the
necessary heat, and the foul air produced
by burning gas or lamps = all
combine to poison the atmosphere
and retard the recovery of the sick.
The standard of purity is air sufficient
u
coming in from outdoors will not be
able to detect any unpleasant smell.
More fresh air is required for the sick
than for the well. In cases of infectious
diseases, even temperature may be sacr-
feed for pure air, but in infiammatory
diseases, such as pneumonia, the even
ness of temperture is of greater i'm
portance. Fever patients do not take
cold to the extent usually supposed, and
their rooms should be well ventilated.
Air should be introduced from outdoors
with considerable caution. Never allow
draught of cold or damp air to come in
contact with the patient. Windows
should be let down from the top; wire
gauze might be used when the wind is
blowing, or tall screen could be placed
between the bed and the window In
cases where windows must be opened
wide to let out smoke or unpleasant
odors, the face and head of the patient
should be covered with light quilt I'M
til the normal temperature of the room
is restored. A good thermometer should
always be found in the sick-room, and
the temperature regulated by the
physicians orders.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
ICE-BOUND GREENLAND
THE SCENE OF NEW EXPLOR-
ING OPERATIONS.

Lieutenant Peary and Party Bound for
a Jaunt to Determine the Country's
Northern Limits and Lay Out Route
Toward the Pole.
From New York there has sailed a
little bit of whaling vessel-the Kite
we'll seasoned to the arctic waters, with
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1891-07-22
THE FARM.
Farmers Clubs and Institutes.

tIER securing the
late crops and pro-
vidin g for the
physical comforts
of his household,
as well as t h e
needs of his do
nestle animals,
the rural citizen
may enhance his
welfare by dis
charging impor-
tant duties in an
other direction.
During the long
season of leisure
upon which they
are now entering
American s o i |
tillers will have
rare opportunities
Telegram-herald., 1891-11-23
MONDAY MORNING. NOVEMBER q. 1891

could get 81. 40 Ia paper for oae silver
American dollar. AT Coquinloo Eng-
lisa capitalists own immense smeiung
works, where $3.50, 900 worth OF copper
wss snelted every week. THIS yalu-
able output MAS sold for gold and the
labor Was all paid IN paper money.
There has been much talk about
Chiie's ability to strike heavy blows IN
case of war with the United States.
An officer on the San Francisco says
that IN the capture of Valparaiso the
Congressional squadron played no part
worthy OF mention. Tie Esmerslda,
Coehfane, Aconezgua and 0Higgins
We're ali AIMED with heavy rifles, and
did not attempt 10 engage forts Pratt
aud Csllao at the entrance of the har-
Dor, but kept well out of range. At
lqulque they kept five miles out TO sea,
and not shell fell in the town.
never saw such poor gunnery before"
he said. "Why, =. 20o0 yards | saw
the Cochrane keep up fire on the Nina
del Mar. ana not shot struck the fort,
which, by the way, Is = very extensive
work and oilers large target. When
the four Congressional vessels were
firing at Fort Cailao, the fort was struck
q half dozen times only out of three
hundred shots"