davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20
PAUpERIsM IN ENGLAND.
Word for the Gallant Col. Reie OF Texas.

A Word for the Gallant Col. Rcio OF Texas.
To THE EDITOR OF SuN-Sbs Where under
heaven does Col Belo find those astounding
statistics in regard to English workinG-class
prosperity which he spreads before the read
ers OF the Galpeston Netcsp Contrasting the
benign aspects OF free trade with tho malign
aspects OF protection" the Netcs Of Dec. 10
tells its readers this:
touching the experience Of Great Britain nndsr
s ssspsidn u isss lie ratio q EsnpsTsm
ssy q 8. sIss
1a ss that
q s as large as IN cy
From what source. would like to know.
were those "indisputable figures procured
which demonstrate the decline Of English
pauperism from In 80 to in 300 during the
past half century? I cannot find them. Per-
haps The Sun will permit me to say what
really find.
In the "Fifty.second Annual Report OF tho
Registrar General Of England and Wales"
there is table Up. ei) giving the average
number Of persons in receipt Of Poor-law re-
lief, each year from 1s49 to 1889. In proportion
to the general population.
year ID eyerS 1sS ' q shs Eggish popala:
ton was 2 workhouse inmate while two years
se b no and rf IN n aS year o eT
which these statistics are available as yeti we
d t as % hRSer aae
England between 1852 and 1855. or during the
ten years 1857 to 1857, excepting only the year
1862 Where Is the evidence of progress here2
But every English pauper is not an inmate
inYIGda these who IRE in receipt 9, what T.
the workhouso inmates there. Is no doubt but
pauperism has decreased in England by fully
half Its proportion OF forty years ago. Manu-
features. commerce. and. above all, emigra-
ton. have. had their, effect. Nevertheless. the
fact remains that efter nearly half century
the Ep 81 sh gsHps psgssr
Nor is this the full story Of their condition. II
tho editor Of tho GALVESTON Ne,os will turn to
WILL hnd that In 1885, OF the total deaths in
England and Wales. over IL per cent, or more
than one In nine occurred In institutions sup
ported by the State-in warehouses;. HOSPITALS.
and esylumsl The figures were not sxcep:
1857. Is that the. condition which obtains even
IN Texas under the " malign aspects OF protec-
uon"p
have spent many years in England, and
prefer 1t. as q residence. even to Texas. Muir
der there seldom goes unpunished: nor are
alleged but untried Offenders ever burned
alive in chains on English soil There are. In
w tbs t.
tentIon Of their readers. without touching
upon an imaginary working-cas prosperity
in England. which there, has no existence. II
NEW YoRx. Dec. IL. '' '' ALBERT TRACY.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

The State Board OF Civil Service Commits
soners has made its report for the year 1891.
showing the number Of persons In the "classi-
fled service" Of the State to be 1882. and the
number Of persons In the classified service"
Of the cities OF the State to be 1854. The az
gregate. 1877. is an increase during the year
over last OF 735.
At the present ratio Of increase the success.
ors Of these Commissioners will have SUPER
vision over majority Of the State and munich.
pal appointments about 1909:
Tho administration Of the Law 10 stin much smoar.
rassed and the free extension Of the system is still
much retarded by the unseemy anxiety frequently
manifested BY superiors to exempt from the applica
tion Of the law those branches Of the public service
their immediate keeping Frequent and persistent
pressure Is brought to bear upon the Commissioners
for the relaxation Of the rules and regulations Nor do
these hndrances alone from those who popu.
larry looked upon opponents to civil service
On tho contrary such applications often
quarters whence they should naturally DO least ex.
pected Exemptions are sought in many instances by
those who popular advocates and protested fonds
cause Of the reform Is confined to securing tho observ
ancs Of civil! service methods IN other ocia house
holds rather than their own"
In the number OF these professed friends OF
the fraudulent and undemocratic evasion Of
the constitutional right OF the people to choose
their official servants. the Commissioners can
not Justly include our Democratic fellow
townsman. the Hon. JOHN r. VooBHrs. the
senior member OF the Police Board. Here is
what he says about It:
As to tho position Of the Mayor the Civil Service
Commission In the matter know absolutely nothing,
nor have any with the administration Of tho
Civil Service Boards except have always expressed
myself opposed to their methods consider the civil
service theory good one practical workings A.
applied to the police force counted producing
such good results when tho Police Commissioners
were at liberty to conduct their examinations and
were not restricted they now. TO limited List
from which to select for appointment"
Such are the views OF q sound Democrat OF
intimate and extensive acquaintance with the
public business Of the city. and they far out
weigh In value the testimony Of any theorists
on the subject OF an alleged test by practical
and competitive examinations" Of applicants
for employment or promotion In the public
service OF the State, ,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

topic OF the hour from tho viewpoint OF the
hour. We may take for granted. however,
that II mere quality Of style deserves per-
petuation. the writings Of CohERIDaE or
SoUTHEY in their newspapers would not
have been allowed to die. But they were
willing to see them perish: they had
served their end. and had no title to Pro-
longed existence.
OF course. q composition may be printed
in newspapers which Is not Of them. News
paper writing proper comprises the de-
scrlptlve work which Is the reporters prov
ince. and the editors comments which are
embodied in the so-called leading articles.
Thus the essays and criticisms contributes
by SA1NTR-BEUvE to the Constitutional and
tho Moniteur under the title OF Cduseries de
Lundi did not belong to journalism distinct
lively 30 called. They were no more news
paper writing than wero the Portraits which
the same author had previously contributed
to the Revue des Deur lfondes. They were.
and were meant to be. OF enduring interest.
They discussed topics OF permanent i'm
portance from viewpoint relatively sta
BILE. and upon principles Of Interpretation
which have become the doctrine OF q
school. The Cduscries de Lundi were. there
fore. rightly reprinted In book form and
have entered into literature. The same
thing may be said Of the series Of articles
furnished by MATTHEW ARNOLD to the Pail
Mall Gazette. In writing these the author
did not contemplate answering . momen-
tary purpose. or exciting merely transitory
attention. From tho start. he had book In
view: and II was solely the liberal offer OF
ha - In d. hot o1
him to publish his book in installments.
It follows that SA1NTE-BEUvE and MAT
THEW ARNOLD were not journalists, but 1t
is equally certain that SouTHEY was. and
that for part Of his life CoLERIDaE was
also. That SouTHEY understood the condl-
tions OF newspaper writing ind successfully
conformed to them is demonstrated by the
fact that his services long continued to DO
in request. His case has had many coun-
terparts among brain workers in England.
France. Germany. and Italy. and especially
among those Of the two aforementioned
countries. Taken by itself. 1t proves that
there is nothing essentially irreconcilable
between Journalism and literature consid-
cred as vocatlons. A forcible or pleasing
style. which In tho one Is clearly indispen-
sable. is, to say the least. desirable and
useful In the other. The only inevitable
difference between composition destined
to an ephemeral existence. and one for
which the author hopes longer lease Of
life. Is difference Of topic and Of treatment.
There is. in fine. no reason in the nature OF
things why the same man should not be
capable OF creditable effort in both Journal
ism and literature. provided. Of course. he
can find the time and the vigor to labor in
both fields. One may add that the system
attic arrangement and fluent expression Of
ideas. which must needs become not only
habitual but almost automatic with the
trained journalist. will. far from proving
drawbacks. be found valuable aids to the
literary artist in whatever direction his
mind NAV ha addressad.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

Within the past fortnight several thou
sands OF Italians have left this port to spend
the winter time In their native country. They
go back there much better of than they were
when they came to the United States. and they
will tell their friends all about their expert
encss In America. their novel and wonderful
experiences In q country where money. meat
and plenty OF macaroni and other things are
the reward OF industry.
During the present month an extraordinary
number Of registered letters containing
money orders for small sums have been sent
through the Now York Post ONCE 10 various
coantt1ss Of 'EusopG Pens Of -thoyssnds Of
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20
Recorder smyth. chief Judge Of the Court o,

Recorder 6myth. chief Judge OF the Court OF
General Sessions contributes to the January number Of
Satbna'. ka0astns article Crime and the LAW
IN this State and city, OF Tho Recorder IL CON-
sentative In his views, and gives comfort to pess
mistio commentator on our laws, and thorouahv An
proves the Jury system a. applied 10 criminal caso,
In the same magazine W. ". Apthorp begins ssrios Of
articles on paris Theatres and Concerts" with an H.
Illustrated account Of the French Theatre and tho odeon
In which the latter theatre 10 disposed Of most cavalier
IT, Mr.. and Mrs Blashhold describe "a Day with the
Donkey Boys" OF LuxOr-an amusing and Interesting
article. with some capital sketches differing from the
usual pictures OF Egyptian life. DR.. Henry Lansdsl
who visited Bokhara IN 1882 returned there with tho
railroad 10 1883. aud comments on the tntsrestiny
changes made In the transoxian city during the six
years Of his absence. Some hitherto unpublished cor
respondenos OF Washington Alston with Colsrdse
Leslie. Cuban verplanck and ohsrs 10 published with
Illustrations by Allston Of Paradise Lost which
were mover finished. strong. Interesting outIin.
sketches. Mr.. william A. Conn begins series Of srtL
Giles on American Illustration Of To-day" reprod
some OF the most striking OF Lows Coxs and yedder's
illustrations. stevensons serial "Ths Wreckor" IA
continued. The number Is strong in poetry; Mr. bar
rett Wendell has a blank verse poem. "The Dean of
Bourgos." and other poems are by Ellen Burroughs
Graham Tomson. Duncan Campbell Scott, and oeoree
santayana. portrait Of Alston Is tho frontispioce
and all the illustrations Of the number arc adv
well done.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

TO THE EDITOR or THE srS-Sr: Permit me to correct
slight which crcpt into your very interesting
article tho willard model OF the Roman Pantheon
restored published In your edition OF Sunday Dec H.
You say referring to tho model Of the Parthepon Mt
Athens, set up In the Museum last wintsr) that Mr.
ChipsI had tho model made snd when done gave it to
for his y.luable SERVICES IN preparing all the drawings
It's construction yet the model itself paid Tor from
the funds TO the Museum BY Mr. Willard Tor
noble Intention Yours very truly, r. L LIZ bnuS
NV yOkk, Dec, 10. - ~"S"'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20
A FRIEND WHO WON'T BE HUMBUGakD.
A Few Rennrks Regarding the Alugwuup
Candidate for President.

From he Savannah Aorning Neus
The New York Advertiser prints conspicuously arti
Gle to the effect that Mr. Cleveland Is not candidate
for the Democratic nomination for President. that
does not desire tho nomination. and that he would
accept tho nomination II It were offered to him.
Tho statements contained In this article certainly
contrary to the very general impression The belief
among Democrats in all parts Of the country is that
Mr.. Cleveland would not only like to have tho nomna.
ton but that he Is seeking It, This impression may
wrong, but there IL great deal 10 Justify it Within
the last year Mr. Cleveland has appeared before the
public many times not only spsechmaker. but as
letter writer In all his speeches and letters there
been something that has left tho impression that
would like to be President again.
The statement that Mr.. Clevelands recent political
activity was duo to desire to help his party not
treiy satisfactory He not active in the campaign
preceding the elections of 1890 though he urged
take part in It, Hts activity in the campaign OF 1891
was. therefore. all the moro significant
Not much confidence Is to be placed in these alleged
interviews in which the political purposes Of sup
posed to be Presidential candidates are given.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

these money orders are for relatives Of our i'm
migrants from those countries, relatives vet
living in tho British Isles. In Germany. In Italy
and elsewhere Happy indeed will their re-
oipients be In getting them. happier even than
their friends In America who are happily able
10 send them. And ia not Columbia the
gem OF tho ocean"2
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

From As Daily Oregon Shfenndn.
TEE SuN 10 the leading Democratic journal Of tho
Union. well AZ the ablest.
From the oiens Fa'h Republican.
The Sun IL Of the most complete terso and Spiel
est newspapers In the United States 1t shines tho
whole round. and Its Sunday edition brightens the
household for whole week.
FROM ne Ldas Ealis Journal and ob,otsr.
the sur 10 conceded to DO tho ablest Democratic
paper In the country.
From the Jnsish TIliaga
TIE Sun Il beyond question the best paper in America
and 1t Is read regularly and carefully in this Office
than any other Journal
From he Cleveland World
TnI suS 10 undoubtedly the most influential Demo.
cratic newspaper in the United States to-day.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

A Michigan sect which believes that the
world is coming to an end shortly has
split up. and one Of the divisions 10 running
away to Canada with all convenient speed.
This immigration into the Dominion is not In
the nature OF q compliment It seems to i'm
ply that Canada is 80 far out of the world that
tho world will come to an end without any dis
turbanoe to the Canadians.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

While New Workers can see dandelion bios
SONS. green grass. and even green trees
in Central Park. or can hear the twittering OF
the esteemed birds there. they do not need to
long for the weather Of California. or the South.
ern States. or the West Indies In the month
of Oecamher.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

It was q pleasant letter from Florida In
yesterdays Sun which told Of the new prof.
ects for cultivating sugar. rice. tobacco. and
grapes on large scale there. and Of the en-
terprising spirit now displayed by the owners
Of Florida lands. Florida Is q rich and fertile
State. and We look for an unprecedented de-
velopment Of its resources within the next
faW vaara
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20
Not an Unreasonable View.

Fromhs Chicago Daily Ners.
WARRINGTON. Dec 15.-Wth Holman at the head of
tho Appropriations Committee and general policy Of
retrenchment and economy adopted there arc many
who think would be asking much OF Congress to
appropriate IS the Worlds Fair and s. oOO
600 for the Chicago Post Office. making total Of
$1,000 900 for two Chicago items.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20
A View OF the New York Election.

Ftom do Shelyvi1ls Daily Democrat.
Governor Hills valiant and statesmanks work in re-
deemins the Empire State from the clutches of cor.
rupt and Infamous gerrymander. his bold courageous
and fearless stand for the expressed will Of people
against Republican fraud corruption and perjury
Justly placed him in the forefront as Democratic
leader OF more than ordinary ability.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20

s sSs.a. y "a sss
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-20
Great Neck, Too,
The Mode, or tho P.r.se.ou

Prom Hs 81. Louis Epeniny StarSoving,.
Cleveland has . great head.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1891-07-23


1t is always well to remember the fact
that savage cows and fierce dogs can't
climb trees.
Don't waste your time in trying to catch
two-inch fish with ten-foot pole.
You may imagine that you help the
lawmakers by jabbing the horses with the
pitch-fork and getting tangled up in the
reins, but you do not, and they will proba-
bly, tell you so.
only the birds fly there.
i strange dog smiles at you, it is
policy to smile back, and If he runs at
You, the best thing is TO run back.
Don't climb trees after blackherries. The
only thing you will get on such quest
Don't try swimming in creeks where
the water is two feet deep and the mud six
feet.
1t is adding insult to injury to burn up
the farmers fence in trying to cook the
corn that you have helped yourself to.
If You get tired doing nothing, it is a
good thing to sit under the barn and pass
the time In waiting for the weather-cock
to crow: a great many days may be en-
ployed in this manner.
When you go out for an all day tramp,
don't eat up all your lunch at 10 o'clock.
You will feel starved by 2 O'Clock if you
do so.
Do not be angry If the BOOSTERS awaken
you at daybreak. Remember that If you
went TO bed at sunset you would be will
ing TO get up with the chickens, and roost-
ers don't stop to consider such things.
II goose cries at you, do not cry your.
self in return. Only geese do that.
Don't try leap-frog over the cows in the
pasture. The COWS might object.
A barn roof is not meant as toboggan
slide, and shingles are rather hard on
trousers.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1891-07-23
FROM KEY TO THRONE.
How Telegraph Operator Became King
/Of ScgOn.

OhuEnhnlb messenger
sudden favorable turn Of fortune does
not always ALLEVIATE the lucky individual
from his habitual occupations. This more
or less wise saw is applicable 10 the cause
Of the present King of Segon who was
put on the throne of his black kingdom by
Colonel Archinard, when his royal prede-
cessor, Ahmadou, took to flight for his
safety.
Mademba, the present monarch, is a
native of the country over which he at
present rules, but was formerly controller
OF tolegraphs at Senegal. Before accept
ing his regal state he made ii condition
that his name should continue to be in
scribed on the list of telegraph servitors,
and that his situation of king should be
considered as subservicnt to that of his
original employment.
Mademba must have learned, either by
intuition or from acute observation, that
the lot of monarch is less certain in these
days than the position OF an officer in the
service of the ''Postes ct Telegraphs," and
so preferred to keep in reserve what might
one day prove to be happy issue out of
all his Affections.
lie has, no doubt constantly one eve on
his throne and the other one of memory
on the office of his former Geographic ex-
ploits. Should the future bring about for
Mademba that change which is in the
modern order of things he may return to
the tick-tick Of his former days, with the
right to add to his title of preference that
of ''exking of Segon.'
Politeness in telegraph offices, although
once seriously complained Of by NJ. Guy
de Maupassant, is generally the rule, even
with the ordinary employees, but should
Mademha !, of Segon. ever return to his
Senegalian bureau his clients may expect
to be treated in right royal fashion 6y a
man who never lost sight of business, even
when promoted to the honors OF an Afri-
can throne.
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1891-07-23
SUsPENsE arSTEELToM.
The Pennsylvania Steel Company Orders
shut Down of the Works,

HARRISBURG. Pa, July 2l--The situation
at Steelton tonight is one of suspense.
The Amalgated Association is confident.
and the Pennsylvania Steel Company de-
clares its unalterable determination to bar
out any labor organization from participa-
ton in its management. Members of the
Amalgated Association deny that there
will be any violence used in preventing
men from gong to work tomorrow in the
event Of the steel company refusing to sign
the scale. There will be an effort, how
ever TO dissuade men from going to work
until an agreement is reached
Bessemer mill No. shut down tonight
and one of the two remaining furnaces
will be banked tomorrow morning. The
open hearth furnaces close this morning.
Some people fear trouble tomorrow but
others say there is no reason for apprehen-
sion.
A committee of the association waited
upon Major Brent, president of the steel
company, this afternoon, but received no
encouragement.
At II O'Clock word came from Steelton
that the company has ordered shutdown
of the entire plant. and all the furnaces
are being banked. This action, it is said,
was taken after the company discovered
that there would not be sufficient men To
continue operations. Almost 1000 men
are thus made idle. The outcome Of the
struggle is probematical,
Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1891-07-23
NEw THINGS IN JEWELRY.
Ingenious Contrivanccs on which Money
May be Spent.

jewelers. Circular.
Bonbon boxes Of perforated silver gilt
are carried in summer.
A silver cigar opens at one end and dis
closes match receptacle.
a slipper in Russian enamel with
crimson plush pin cushion inside, is a
novelty.
A novel ring for man, instead of the
usual serpents head, has a gold and silver
fish set head TO tail.
Oblong English hairpin boxes come in
two sizes. They are of silver in CORFU
gated forms. A silver oxidzcd hairpin on
the back designates their use.
The small combination book mark and
paper-cutter Of silver is among the pretticst
and most necessary tritles. The ileur.de-lis
is one of the latest designs
Necklaces in silver tilagree are worn with
muslin gowns, the necks of which are cut
well down, and give a fine opportunity
for displaying necklaces and collars.
Stick pins have almost superseded but
tons i'll fastening women's gowns, They
are ornamental, and hooks and eyes proves
too untrustworthy without their assist
ance.
Flower jewelry is in special favor The
sweet pea and double violet take the lead.
Clover leaves come next in popularity. The
diamond dewdrop is not a necessary adj
junct, but an added beauty.
English rings of alternating jewels inn
bedded in the setting are preferred one ut
least being essential to the groups that now
adorn women's fingers. An unusual com
bination, but one greatly admired for its
becOmingness, is coral between small
diamonds.