The Monitor. [volume] (Woodstown, N.J.) 1884-1892, 1891-02-06
leeds IS mere given:

By reference to the table it is observed
that the feeding standard for mich COWS
is $50 pounds albuminoids, 40 pounds
fat, and 12 so pounds CARBON ydrates, all
included in twenty four pounds of dry
matter and giving a nutritive ratio of l,
"a; while for horses az light farm work
the compounds are in such proportion as
to make the nutritiqe ratio /, Z, and in the
case of young cattle !, Al.
A reference to the table of analyses
shows that food values based upon thess
calculations range from four dollars per
ton for green corn fodder to forty-fve dol
lars for cottonseed meal, yet either of then
fed alone would probably not realize those
amounts to the feeder, for in the case of
cottonseed meal the albuminoids and fat
are in the excess, and the animal, in order
to secure sufficient of carbohydrates,
would waste both OF the richer compounds
besides getting sick in the attempt. In
the case of green fodder corn or ensilage
the carbohydrates are in excess, and it
would be necessary for the animal to con-
sumo som etbiDg like two hundred pounds
per day in order to get sufficient albumi-
noids, which would mean again a consider
able waste of carbohydrates. For the
same reason corn mea! aud timothy hay.
which are both raised on the farm and
largely ustU, are not the UtSb klLuS Dl
feeds TO use alone; the ratio between the
albuminoids and carbohydrates is too
wide; about half enough of alb nminoid
matter would be consum I'd when the ami
NAL had sufficient of starehy matter for a
full days ration, but by a mixture on
tanning fouI pounds of cottonseed meal,
ten pounds of timothy hay, forty pounds
of corn fodder or ensilage, and two pounds
OF corn meal, there results a ration with a
sufficient amount of food and the different
classes of compounds properly related u
each othei, and the chances are that the
full food value of each material is secured.
Illustrations of this character could be
multiplied using the coarser fodder for
bulk and the concentrated feeds to fur
nish the lacking classes.
Tn standards are not intended as in
flexible rules but rather to guide in pre-
pairing mixtures of coarse folders and Goa
centrated feeds, SO that both may be used
to the best advantage. For this parpose
they have proved very valuable, fo- como
my in small things and utilization OF waste
are quite as important in the farm as ia
other lines of business.
A fair comparison of tha different fol
ders and feeds, based upon the total money
value amount of the disestihle constituents
they contain, requires that the prica per
pound of these different classes, fats, albu-
minoids and carbohydrates, be determined.
This is not such an easy matter as might
be supposed. However. such values have
been assigned, which, while not absolute,
furnish a basis for comparison.
The full food value OF the different feeds
can only be secured by a proper mixture of
the foods at command. The farm products
which confirm 20 this standard are COM
ratatively few, and TO properly and profit
ably utilize the coarse materials requires
considerable study and care. Glover hay,
oats and pasture grass conform quite
closly to the ST andard.
Any farmer knox VS. that the best con
ditioas for milk or butter are when the
COWS are on full pasture in summer or fall.
they look healthy aud sleek. and increase
both in weight and yield of milk. A series
of analyses of pasture grass made in 1889
at the Station shows that the average
analyses is l 90 per cent. fat, 4.30 per cent.
albumenoids and 19 40 per cent. carbo-
hydrates, With a nutritiye ratio of !: 5.45,
almost indentical With the standard ration,
aud sixty pounds of pasture grass with
20 per cent. of moisture would furnish
sufficient for daily food.
The correct reason then why a COW will
do bsttsr on pssEare than on corn-stalks
ana oats straw Is clearly seen when cheml-
cal principles are applied, aud also shows
shat a good wiutsring depends upon good
care and proper nutrition, and not upon
something Inherent in the winter itself.
FEEDING OF YOUNG STOCK.
In the feeding OF young stock the main
point to keep in mind is the continued
growth of the animal, and since the bones
ars formed TO a large extent within the
furnished in the feeds. In the analysis of
pasture grass, which has already been
shown to contain the food compounds in
almost the same prop triton as indicated as
best by the standard, the amounts and
proportions of the mineral elements are
much higher than IN such materials as corn
stalks, Timothy hay aud the various straws.
Clover hay and oats approach more nearly
to the amounts contained in pasture grass,
while the concentrated feeds are relatively
higher in content of mineral matters. So
in the preparation Of winter rations for
young stock. it is necessary, 10 order to
secure fun and normal development, to
furnish the animal not only with sufficient
amounts and proportions Of food com-
pounds, but TO add those feeds which have
! . r.vara Ma snnnanea mn thn Urnwth nf hnne