St. Paul daily globe. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, 1891-03-22

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the Confederate states, he was appoint
ed one of the four brigadler gener-
ais then commissioned, and was
assigned to the command of Har-
per's Ferry. Gen. Robert Patterson,
at the head of National force,
was then approaching from the north of
the Potomac, and Gen. Johnston with
drew from the cul-desac at Harper's
Ferry, and took position at Winchester
with his army, which was called the
Army of the Shenandoah. When Gen.
Beauregard was attacked at Ma IaSsaS
by the National army under Gen. Nc
Dowell, July IS, 1861, Johnston,
covering his movement with Stu
arts cavalry, left Patterson in
the valley and rapidly marched
to the assistance of Beauregard. On
reaching the field he left Beauregard,
whom he ranked, III tactical command
of the field, and assumed res sponsibility
and charge Of the battle then about to
be fought. Gen. Johnston remained in
command of the consolidated forces
until the spring of 1862, when, finding
Mcclellan about to advance, he with
drew to the Rappahannock, whence
he moved to meet Mcclellan. He
was wounded at Seven Pines, May 81,
1862, and incapacitated for duty until
the following autumn. On May IS,
1861, the brigadier generals Johnston,
Cooper and Lee were created generals
by the act of the Confederate congress
in the order named. On Aug. 81, 1861,
Johnston was appointed one of the
Five Fail Generals
authorized by this act, who were COM
miSSiOned in the following order. Sam
uel Cooper, Albert Sidney Johnston,
Robert 4. Lee, Joseph E. Johnston and
q. L. Beauregard. This assignment of
rank was directly contrary to the act of
the Confederate congress. which re-
quired that when officers resigned from
the United States army the rank of
such officers, when commissioned in the
Amy of the Confederate states, should be
determined by their former commits
siOnS in the United States army. The
order of rank thus established by law
was Joseph 4. Johnston, brigadier-gen-
eral; Samuel Cooper, colonel; Albert S.
Johnston, colonel; Pierre q. T. Beau
regard, captain. Gen. Johnston pro-
tested against this illegal action, and
his protest is believed to have been the
the beginning and cause Of Mr..
Davis's hostility, which was
exhibited throughout the war.
When Gen. Johnston was ordered to the
peninsula to oppose Mcclellan. he
from the sea coast to enable him to
crush Mcclellan: but this was not done.
On the cath of March, 1868. he was as
signed to the command of the South
west, including the troops of Gems.
Bragg, Kirby, Smith and Pemberton.
He at once addressed letter to the
secretary of war, Mr. Randolph. and
urged that Gen. Holmes army, $4,000
strong, then at Little Rock, should be
ordered to him, to enable him to defeat
Grant. Secretary Randolph had actu-
ally issued such an order before john
StOn'S communication was received, but
Mr.. Davis cOuntermanded it, and Ran
dolph resigned. In May, 1868, Gen.
Grant crossed the Mississippi to attack
Nickaburg in the rear, and Gen. John
StOn was ordered to take command Of
all the Confederate
Forces irl mississippi.
Going there at once, he endeavored
to withdraw Pemberton from Vicksburg
and reinforce him from Bragg's army,
but failed by reason of Pemberton's
diSObedience of orders, and Vicksburg
was taken by Grant. On Dec. IS, 1868,
he was transferred to the command OF
the Army of Tennessee, with head
quarters at Dalton, Ga. During the
winter of 1864 he was occupied in re-
storing and reorganiZing his force, which
had been broken by the defeat of Mission
ary Ridge. By May. 1864. he had col
lected $4,000 men of all arms, exclusive
of officers. musicians, teamsters, ETC.,
and a week later he was re-enforced by
Gen. Polk's corps. On July II, 1864, the
Richmond authorities, dissatisfied with
JohnSton'S movements, relieved him of
the command, and directed him to turn
it over TO Gen. John 3. Hood. On Feb %,
1865, Gen. Johnston was ordered bv
Gen. Lee, then commander-in-chief of
all the armies. of the Confederate states.
to assume command of the Army of
Tennessee, and all troops in South Car
olina, Georgia and Florida, ito concen-
trate all available forces and drive back
Sherman" The available forces were
5000 men of the Army of Tennessee,
near Charlotte, NC. and II, 600 scattered
from Charleston through South Carolina.
Sherman had 10000 men. An inspec-
tion of the railroad depots inn North Caro-
lima showed that there were then col
lected in them four and a half months
provisions for 10000 men: but these
Johnston was
Ordered Not to Touch.
as they were for the use of Lees army.
so that the difficulty OF collecting pro-
visions was added to the other difficult
ties of his position. Gen. Johnston
urged Gen. Lee to withdraw from Rich
mond, unite with him, and beat Sher-
man before Grant could join him: but
Lee replied that it was impossible
for him to leave Virginia. Collecting
such troops as could be got together,
Johnston threw himself before Sher-
man, and OH March 1921 attacked the
head OF his column at Bentonville.
south of GOldsboro, and captured four
pieces of artillery and 900 prisoners.
Then Johnston retired before Sherman
to Raleigh, and thence towards Green's
bOro. In the meantime Richmond had
been evacuated, and on April Lee sur
rendered the army of Northern Virginia
to Grant. Johnston thereupon assumed
the responsibility of advising Mr.. Davis,
whom he found at Greensboro, that, the
war having been decided against them,
it was their duty to end it, arguing that
further continuation of war would be
murder. Mr.. Davis agreed that he
should make terms with Sherman, and.
on 18th April, 1865, Johnston and Sher-
man entered into military convention,
by which 1t was stipulated that the
Confederate armies should be disbanded
and conducted to their state capitals, to
deposit their arms and public property
III the state arSenals; the soldiers to eX-
ecute an agreement to abstain from acts
of war, and to abide the action of the
state and national authorities; that the
several state governments should be
recognized by the executive of the Uni
ted States upon their officers and legis-
latures taking the oath prescribed by
the constitution of the United States:
the people and inhabitants of the states
to be guaranteed all their rights under
the federal and state constitutions.
general amnesty for all acts in the late
war; war to cease and
Peace TO he Restored.
This agreement was rejected by the
national government, and on April 26
Gems. Johnston and Sherman signed an
other, surrendering the Confederate