Arizona republican., 1891-05-03

ing should be postponed to as late a date as possible, provided the beets are in no danger of a second growth. The leaves of the ripened beet change from a rich green to q yellowish green, become dropping and applied closely to the earth, and many of them die. The har- vesting is best accomplished by first loosening the beets in the soil and then removing them by hand.
 The removal of the tops of the beets is tedious process which, in Europe, is performed by women and children. In this country the process of topping the beets will prove much more expensive than in Europe. It is probable that some mechanical device will be invented by which the beets can be topped, thus saving large expense. So far as we know at the present time, however, this topping must be done by hand.
 When the beets are topped they are thrown into piles and the tops thrown over the beets to protect them from the sun or frost until they can be delivered to the factory.
 The beets are best delivered to the factory in dump carts, which permit of their quick unloading.
 With free sugar, as provided for by the present tariff, 1t is estimated that the consumption of sugar in the United States will speadily equal that of Great Britain. At seventy pounds per head, and with population of 64,000, 900, this would amount to 4,4S0,00O, ,0y0 pounds annually. It is safe to predict that within five years this quantity of sugar will be required for the annual supply of our people. The home market, therefore, for many years to come, can not hope to find it's supplies in the home product.
 The bounty offered by the United states upon all domestic manufactured sugar is cents per pound, or $40 per ton. The consumption of sugar per capita in the United States is estimated at fifty-fve pounds.
 We imported from foreign countries during the last fiscal year sugar, molas- ses, candy and confectionery to the value of $l0l ,293, 1926, or sent away up- wards of $100,0O0,000 which can be re- tained at home by encouraging the manufacture of domestic sugar.
 The average yield of saccharine matter from sugar beets in France is only 6 per cent; in Germany 10 per cent.
 In California the average yield is l5 per cent.
 The waste produsts of the factory con- sists of the pubs and molasses. The molasses is used for various purposes either for fertilizing purposes or for the manufacture of alcohol, or sometimes for cattle food. The pubs make valua- ble cattle food. They may be fed in the fresh state or preserved in silos. Lately extensive experiments have been made in drying the puips and preserving them in the dried state, and these experiments have been fully successful. It is stated that the value of the pubs for feeding purposes is from one-fourth to one-fifth of the value o: the beets.
 The cost of manufacture depends on as many factors as that of beet growing. Chief among these are transportation, fuel, weather and labor. Perhaps the most imsortant of these factors is the price of fuel. In some localities coal can be had for $l.25 per ton; in others the cost may reach as high as $l0 per ton.
 The Western Beet Sugar Company, of Watsonville, California, stated that in its first campaign, 1SSS-'S9, the cost of making sugar amounted to $S0.SO per ton. At the present time it appears that with the best machinery and most economical processes beet sugar can be made in this country at cost of from 4 to cents per pound.
 Machinery for the manufacture of domestic sugar can be imported free of duty until July 1, 1892.
 Machinery and land employed in the