davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
w c. Rollinss b. h. Esquinsu, by Duke OF
Msgenta-Sec ond- Hand. AGED. 11e D.

Mutuals-Esquimau straight paid s3S So place s24 %
Stryke place Sal so.
Vivid made the running for SIX furlongs and cropped
ou Garrison then hustled old Esquimau along ana won
the race on the post by neck; Stryke second head
before Kempland who beat Little Jim q head. IL was
close and exciting finish Kempand swerved to the out
side at the last quarter and that undoubtedly lost him
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

tII~rI RACE-rHE wITHERS STAKES. For three
vearods A sweepstakes of 500 each, h f.. or $40 If
declared by July l, 1880 $50 If declared by Jan
uary l. 1891 with .OOo added of which $500 to the
secood the third 70 receive 500 out Of the stakes
winners in 1891 Of s. 900. ) n extra. Nonwfnners
Of a sweepstakes for three-yearold allowed 3 n
AIadens allowed 10 ~ Closed August 10. 1889. with
so entries. one mile.
p J. Dwyer sons CHI C. Bolero' by haSoh our,
sll Hards Around -.-------I u
No.. nalvss b. c. Montana. by Ban FOX-Queen. LIZ
II H1gan,s b. c. Alderman Mac. by Long lay
Bounce i;c,;;itd hv siiiatford Foxeoye
S,eTartis b. c. PiekLickn. by Mr.. Plckwick-ShaIn-
80.
W - Roilins's b. Laurestan. by Kinghsher-
Laurettc
Mock LIZ
erSTTH RACE-For two-year-ods. sweepstakes Of 500
each with $1,000 added Of which 1900 to second and
100 20 third The winner to be sold auction. Six
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

Earned runs-New-York ? Cincinnati l. First base By
e-rnrs-NeW York o, Cincinnati 0. Left on bases-New-
York g. Cincinnati 8. First base on bes1of Keefe 2.
of tthine, /. Struck Out-By Keele 3. by Rhines D.
Thren-Lase ht-Holday. Sacrifice hits-Buekey Mari.
Reilly Slattery Stolen bases-TernaI Buckley, latham
. McPhee Mari. Double pays-Latham, McPhee and
Reilly Rhines, McPhee and Reilly Whd pitches
eeie l. Rhnes Passed hals-Buckley l. Harrington
1. Umpip-Powers. Time Of game-1 as.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

Navy Department, June /, 1871.
Tn addition 10 the positions referred TO In the De-
nartment's order of May %. special order No reor
ranizatiOn Of civil force Navy Yards, the folowmg
places In the construction department Of the NorfoiR
Eavv Yard are declared vacant on the hrst OF July
next: -, ,A.nr h,o.,r.
makers and coopers). quarerman painter in charseI
0uarterman cauGer In charge quarternm IN cnsge "
IaborerS patternnaher In charge Of shop. -
An examination Of applicants for filing these
places will be held at the Sayy Yard beginning MOD
day lime l5 under the rules stated In special oruea
No, ..
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
THE wITHERs AT MORRIS PARK.
LIGHT PROGRAMME To-DAY-THE DEBUTANTE
STAKES

STAKES.
1t is highly probable that the Debutante and Withers
Stakes will have TO be decided on heavy track. This
is unfortunate. 1t is also unfortunate that the dis
tngused and honOred autocrat of the turf for whom
the latter stake was named. has no representative
among the Horses announced to start for IT, MT
Withers sage of BroOkdsle, Thae Of Monmouth might
send 10 the post either Sorcerer SURPLUS as both are
eligible but it is understood that they not quite
up TO race their preparation having been exceedingly
tardy. Bolero cannot run in mud. and the only OPP
ponent likely to trouble Pckncher is the muchvauned
Montana.
The young ladies who will be introduced in the
Debutante Stakes mere buds, and nothing Is known
of their qualifications entering the society Of the
T. Y. c.
Following are the entries in all the races;
FIRST RACE-Free Weller Weight Handicap Sweepstakes
for three year-ods and upward Of $50 each, If not de-
clsred out with 81 600 added Of which 500 to second
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
THE coRryrHrAy YACHT CLUB REGATTA.

The Corlnthlan Yacht Club has chosen Monday June
% the day for it, annual regatta. The date is fixed
with reference tides which win be favorable
for races at that time The COrnthan Yacht Club
poets that major portion Of the 4G.fOo class will
b. entered and the dominant racing class Of last
year. tie 40-footcrs. will be well represented.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
FURTHER TESTS FOR THE vEsUvIUs.

| Fort Monroe Va. June 4.-Commnnder Evans iert
here for Norfolk this morning. where the Board wiz
meet TO determine the nature Of the fnTther trials thap
| shall be made of the guns of the dynamite cruiser
| VeSIlvius.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

THIRD RACE-DEBUTANTE STAKES. For lilies two
years old sweepstakes Of $50 each els forfeit. with
81 $50 added Of which $3.50 second and 500 70 third
Winners excluded rom starting pay forfeit.
Closed January 2 1891. with 20 entries Five furongs
RurridRe Brothers b. I. Algona. by Rayon fOr-
C. u Chapins b. I. forethOuaht, by Bend Or
strategy rMaseot by C,enec-Wicnon iiS
Marcus paly's b. {. Wyoming by Sir Mddred-"ande,
W. c. paiy's b. f. BY The nj Used-I.elis I12
c. Jacobss CHI T. Anpie Queer, by WahGereT-Aoena llo
a. n MorrSs b. T. Hllen Mithersp0on, by LongieuOW-,
Little Funny ~ ~
Ann Fief
Preakness Sasle's b. Marina by Macdun-Yintag 10
ancocas Stables b. T. Crvslal bv Fasettl-Explos 10
T. i Roses b. +. Kinda Dwyvr by Reorm-Me gara; 90! l9
j snsrs's b. Florence s.. BY Dccever -serenade ~
( f. UIlman's CHI T. Regina b. Hentaka-iielne d'orllo
FOURTH RACE-Free Handicap Sweepstakes for three
year.olds and upward o, $50 each, II not declared out
with 81 600 added goo second and 800 TO
third One nile and q sixteenth.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
SPECIAL TROUSERS

AT SPECIAL PRICES.
Whoseq Thompson's the best.
s'hey are adapted 10 all figures,
Ionbining great comfort with eood taste.
How much An kinds. all prices.
Here's Q drive ~ One pair 20 30, two pafs sloL
Wheref L. O. THOMPSON. 2fo broAnWG'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
pFyysyIvANIA's BITUMINOUs COAL.

Washington, June 4.-The Census Bureau to-day
made public a bulletin on the subject OF btuminous
coal production in Pennsylvania Ii shows the cut
put OF the bltumnous regions in shat State 10 have
been 3e17I oss short tons In 1852 nearly double that
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

Muttals-Snowban straight paid s64 So place S23 %
Long Dance place s33 so
Frontenat and the Sequence colt were withdrawn.
An excellent and prompt Mr.. Caldwell is himself
acan Mountain Deer the pace over the hill, with
Kfrgmaker ana Snowfall attendance Long Dance
fourth Halt way down the stretch the field took close
order and all jockeys went TO the whip. In the
tusse that followed SNOWFALL by neck Long Dance
second half a length before Kingmaker.
THIRD RACE-P-ee Handicap Sweepstakes for
three.vear-olds and upward, Of So each. II not
declared out with 1850 added One mile and a
turlong.
Betting.
St. Pl.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

Earned runs-Fordham Coege o LaIayctIg T. = -
SsesEFoTham College lafayette a. struck Io HGiu
CSnire Carl Drake. Baxter g. Three-base hts-h0tner
mel Rrake; stolen bSSeSf Carmody Fox
Santfei clark March. Double pays-J Ryan. Ferguson
and Reilly. Passed ball-Slalch' ChplIC--h0-'"n1
Time-l Al.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
F!obeYt Rifle,

FlobeYt Rifle,
~ cal shoots either short or cartridges. nicely
nnished with pistol grip stock well rned' with box Of
cartridges. Cleaning Rod. Cover, and guarantee tha
It Is q sound weapon regular price 81 75l, for
s3i5.
MARLIN REPEATING RIFLE. % To ~ cal, SO
FISHING TACKLE In large variety.
Wright q Ditson's LAWN TENNIS
sCuovERLING. DAILY q GALES,
so2 BROADWAY.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
NEW POSTMASTER AT INDIANAPOLIS.

Washington, June 4.-The President mas appoln'eo
rAyvard p Thompson TO be postmaster al AnuiaR
"a OIis IN Mace of William Wallace dead
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
y.npire Stables br h. Madsoone, BY Van
q rhit-Mss Turner. VS. ~ n.

Mutuais-Madstone straight paid $50 40. pace 90 10
SeEOrits place 81 90.
Lepanto made snsil's pace over the natVefhosh'
Your Uncle william DAILY continues slip his harses
into aps feather weights, ana the result ls Thai
they cause great many be falsely run. They
nyoraby go GU. in front snd seldom fan upset the
judgment Of some Of the jockeys rins in the race or
no one knows whether your Uncle william is making the
running for himself or somebody else His pfugs
generally hnish near tie front but seldom close enough
get ar increase Of weight The hanolcaplsf >nouo
pes a stop TO such nonsense LepantO was followed II
close order BY Liyeu and Los Angeles, neither OF "hon
kept pace with donkey. In the stretch Inc
pace quickened and all three chucked it up MAJ
stone then drew by three lengths senorta
second two lengths before Lepanto who beat AomH@i
head. The run 20 suit hads9ns ne oAi
walked for te hSs furlongs and sprnteo the LAST
quarter.
FOURTH RACE-GALLIARD STAKES. For t"oyeaf-
o!ds. sweepstakes Of $50 each. S15 forfeit. win
$500 added Of 1900 70 second and $500 "a
tniro Winners Of $500 70 carry n twice o
$500 or once OF 5000. n twice Of $1,000 OF
snee Of $40 oOO n extra. Closed January 2 1871
vita % entries. Five furongs. ,
ST Blessing Fl.
geror-vestelis Ills D.........." (fsylor 1o-l 2-l
Is A. a. Morf.' en- e Il aSuShiia 2-5 out
HCboash Stables b I. Laughing wst,f, Us
Take Back 1ls.. tH tSar1S} 3 81 1o-i
SSeofgs. 10. .--.--..--..I. Lift eneldl 81 Cd
''D"''''' Ttmco .5os. 'aosef' Nv
Sc Fiorian (Mor,is's stable place s5 &C. ~ ''
The psowess st FlOrian Georgia frightened out
a the Guilty, Uncle Sim GondOiier Gasdo Bengal
- pssssiy SIR Matthew Even about Georgia for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

Earned runs-Brooklyn T. Chicago O. FIRST , oasG oy
Brooklyn 2 Chicago Left on cTTo5S S
Stein & Struck ouCOlns Burns o. BHsn Hea@s
R,tiTdee Three base hit.Pinkney, Alson W IvnST
T,So.tsss bits-Grifin Henmlng Sacriret hls- aIu'
WSi0"Sf nav r. Burns ? stolen bAsss-Ryan Cooney.
pore Wlno Double pays-Cooney ana T. v bqT1
Ward Collins and Daly Hit b. ptche- brian ..
wild nit ehes-St'in Hemning l. Passed oal-hltIuse
l. I'mpre-Lynch. Tine OF game-l :of
finely contested and intel sting game was played al
Fordham Yesterday the Lafayette ana FOREMAN
College mines The Lntay ties errors were not cosuy'
80 ,bo, won the game by the following score
SiiN 80 =, or, rNEANET-TF COLLEGE.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

Muuals-La Tosca straight paid 81 3d. place 81 20;
Civil Service place 80 90
Maidstone and Anarchist we're Withdrawn An eNeeheho
art sent the field OF well punched Key West slightly III
'front.' Fannie second, Civil Service third La Iosca
uuy went with the leaders and Tor three ufohgs
-. ,,oss race betvaen them Then she drew out, and
oonp on without urging with laugable ease by TWO
lengths Civil Service lengths before Key west
strong wind blew down hill the backs OF the jockeys
and made the time very fast.
SECOND RACE-For three.year-olds and upward
sweepstakes OF $40 each with SlOoO ada u "een n
:, on N ,bove the scale Ncn-winners 1890 or 1891
OF 1000 allowed n OF 81, 900, threeyeaI-olds' IA
%: Il four.year.olds or upward, 20 N. One mile
Betting.
st. Pl.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

Special Order No. 3.

Washington. June 4.-The following order has beer
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
GOOD AND BAD BASEBALL.
THE GIANTS DEFEAT CINCINNATI.
BRIDEGRooMs GO TO SLEEP AND A,SsoNs MEN |
TRoUNcE THEM-sCoREs AND RECORDS.
LEAGUE.

New-York 4, Cincinnati 2. Cleveland 0. Boston l.
Chicago It. Brooklyn 7. Philncepha 3, Pittsburg =
ASSOCIATION.
Cincinnati 3, Athletic l. Louisville 8, Boston 3.
Columbus D WASHINGTON 0. 81 Louis ~. baltimore J.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
THE RECORDS.

THE RECORDS.
The League and American Association records to date
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05
DHTAILS OF THE RACING.

FIRST RACE-BOr all ages sweepstakes OF go eaeh'
with 81 COO added. Winner Of first race on nist OF
second dav 70 carry n extra OF both, n extra.
Non.winners. Of 81 geo In 1890 OF 1891 allowed . ~
Five and one-hsh fuIongh
tirln
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-05

walcott & Campbell's b. c. Pesssra BY, . 3,
Pigsrro-Sister Monica, ID m : (IaraD o-l %-i
j. A. & A. II. Morrs's CHI Il IF S,S, 20 <
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-06-04
Ground Plan of NeU Dispatch Building.

network of tapes, etc, each one dlspenses
with nearly all of these except the tapes,
which are reduced in number and extent.
The machines, which are the largest of their
class in the world, and the largest of their
kind in the United States, are certainly a
marvel of simplicity in comparison with the
best presses heretofore in use. Including
the folder, each is II feet long, 9 feet
inches in width, the folder standing feet
10 inches high-the press itself being CON-
paratively low The weight of each combined
machine is about 20 tons, and tie speed with
which they will print and fold papers is al
together marvellous.
What the Machines Will Do.
Each will print and fold &c, 900 two-page
supplements, or $4,000 four-page papers, or
"a, 900 eight-page papers in an hour. Each
will print 12-page papers and 4-page papers
with equal ease. They accomplish this
work with much less friction and liability
to stoppage from choking or clogging of the
printed sheets while passing through the
folder than the older machines. While each
has double the capacity of former fast
presses, it is run at only the same rate
of speed. To produce the greater result,
therefore, each are double the size. The
cylinders are IS inches in length, while
those on the other presses are only 3711S
inches. 1t is known that, on the old presses,
the eight pages of stereotype plates of an
eight-page paper can be printed at one
time. On these new machines 16 pages, or
the pages of two complete eight-page papers,
are printed, so that, at every revolution
of tn cylinders, two complete papers are
produced, both producing four. Another ad-
vantage over all other presses possessed by
THE DIsPATCHs new machines is in their
double delivery from the folder. By a
simple arrangement the double sheets form
folded up accurately and delivered on either
side of the folder, which is in reality-like
the press-a duplex machine. That is, the
folder is double or compound one, COM
prising two distinct folders, each of which
is capable S o. fbe handing alone alone the entire %
page paper is printed, but when a
four-page paper is printed the de-
livery is from both sides. In printing
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-06-04
DEATH BY LIGHTNING.
A TERRIBLE STORM SWEEPS OVER
GERMANY AND AUSTRIA.

One Little Boy Killed in His Mothers
Arms-Schoolboys Killed and Manned
A Dynamite Factory Exploded by
Lightning Men Blown to Atoms.
lBV DUNLAP's CABLE CoMPANY.]
VIENNA, June 3.-There seems to be an
epidemic Of electrical and pluvial disturb
ance in Europe at the present time. Here
in Vienna a fearful thunder storm broke
over the city this afternoon, during which
vivid and terrific flashes of lightning struck
in various places and did great damage.
Twenty-six fires and many serious acci-
dents have been reported, some of them alb
solutely heartrending One poor little boy
was killed while sleeping in his mothers
arms, and a group of laughing schoolboys
was struck by an awful flash of lightning,
followed by roll of thunder, deep and
crashing as thousand salvos of siege guns.
One of the boys was killed on the spot and
three crippled for life. Another terrible
clap, attended by cloudburst, filled the
lower half of the city with rushing flood,
which tore down more than half of the tele
graph and telephone wires in the district
A dispatch from Berlin. says: AT noon
to-day fearful storm of thunder and light
ming broke over Cologne and caused an ex-
plosion to take place in the Schlesbusch
dynamite factory. Eight workmen were
blown in the air. Three of the unfortunate
men were torn into fragments, which were
scattered in every direction, and five others
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-06-04
FOREIGN WHEAT DAMAGED.
Europe VIII Have to. Depend on America
for Its Supply This Year.
IBY DUNLAP's CABLE coMPANY.l


tBY DUNLAP's CABLE CoMPANY.1
VIENNA, June 3.-The statement made
by Chancellor Won Caprivi, in the Prussian
Diet, to the effect that harvest prospects
generally are satisfactory, are not borne out
by news received from the chief grain-pro-
ducing countries of Europe. In Southern
Russia, rains in March and April have had
the effect of rotting winter wheat, while
constant droughts in the Northern district
of the Empire may seriously injure the crop.
From Roumania the news is equally un-
satisfactory, the harvest being absolutely
bad Only one-third of crop is expected,
and it is probable that foreign wheat will
have to be imported. In Austria and Hun
gary the outlook is not favorable, and it Is
not likely that these countries will be able
to export this year any more than Russia
and Roumania.
Fortunately, to offset these discouraging
statements, the reports from all portions of
the United States indicate splendid harvest,
which thus far have had the effect of keep
ing prices down. 1t is feared, however, that
if Europe is compelled to obtain her chief
supplies from America great disturbances of
the money markets will be occasioned, as
gold, which is now being drawn at consider
able cost by the Bank of England from the
United States, will have to be sent back in
payment of grain
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-06-04

& Co. have built for THE DISPATCH are
probably the most wonderful machines in
the country. Their appearance, to some OBJ
servers, is combination of wheels within
wheels, and rollers upon rollers, and bands
around bands; and yet they are the sim
plest affairs in the world, and when they get
to work rolling paper from large spools at
the speed of many miles an hour, printing
it, cutting it and folding it, everything
seems marvelously easy. Indeed, they are
essentially simple machines of wonderful
power and capacity, in which the pathway
of the huge sheet of paper, from its place on
the roll to its delivery from the folder, a
completed newspaper. is direct and contin-
uous
In fact, the great power and capacity of
these machines is their simplicity of con-
struction. While the single machine ac-
complishes its work with considerable de-
tail of complicated mechanism, such as the
switch, the collecting cylinder, perfect
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-06-04

provements made by the Hoe Company, and
when the third one is put in their capacity
will be sufficient for all purposes. 1t will
not be necessary to run them all at once, but
if one was to break down there would still
be power enough to get out the paper
The Entire Plant Duplicated.
At this point it may be as well to speak
of the means THE DISPATCH has at its dis
posal for printing the paper if an accident
should occur to single pieces of machinery.
Across Diamond street, in Power Hall, there
is complete duplication of machinery and
type There are two tubular boilers, IS feet
long and five feet in diameter, with 56 four
inch tubes, equipped with mechanical
stokers for the use of coal. These boilers
are connected with the new building by a
five-inch steam pipe, laid through Pinch
square conduit, across Diamond street and
under ground. In this conduit is also laid
an electric cable of sufficient capacity for
all the incandescent light and power that
could be needed in the new building.
This is connected with the electric light
plant of the Power Hall Company, consist
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-06-04
PRIMARIES AND POLITICS.

Saturday VIII Be q Busy Day Among Re
publicans and Democrafs--A Strong
Fight i'm Prospect Over the Election OF
Judges to No. 8. ~
At the Republican primaries on Saturday
will occur the election of delegates to the
County Convention to be held on next
Tuesday in the Grand Opera House to
nominate candidates for Judge of the
Orphans Court, Prothonotary, Jury Com
missioner and Director of the Poor, outside
of the two cities. Delegates to
the legislative district conventions to
elect delegates to the State Convention
to be held at Harrisburg on the 10th OF
June to nominate Treasurer and Auditor
General will also be selected, as well as a
member from each legislative district to
serve on the County Executive Committee
for the year.
There is no opposition to the renomina-
tion of Judge ]. N Over, to the Orphans
Court, John Bradley as Prothonotary and
Frank Patterson as Poor Director Archibald
Berry, of the Eighth ward, will be unop-
posed for nomination as one of the two
Jury Commissioners. The Republican con-
vention will not, according to its rules,
nominate any persons for the No. 3 Judge
snIps unLll tne August convention unitss IL
may be deemed necessary.
AT the Democratic primaries Thomas
Muller, Councilman from the Thirtieth
ward, will receive the nomination for Jury
Commissioner, R. s. McCutcheon, of Shaler,
having withdrawn. There is understood to
be no opposition to the Republican nominees
for Judge of the Orphans Court, and Pro-
thonotary.
There is much discussion among members
of the bar as to the political prospects of
the three newly appointed Judges of Com
mon Pleas No. 3. 1t is generally accepted
now that the validity of the appointments
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-06-04
REGISTRATION OF VOTERS.

Secretary Harrity Says 1t Must BE Done
Under the Newly Enacted Law.
ESPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE DIsPAICH.J
HARRISBURG, June 3.-Secretary 3. Harrity
has addressed q communication to the
County Commissioners, in which he says:
In view OF inquiries recently made of this
department. it is thought proper to state
that as has already been indicated, the
registration of voters for this year should be
made under the act of May 29. 1891, and not
under the act of January 9O 1874 The latter
act did not authorize or justify the assessors
to begin their work until the first Mon
day OF June, and the former act 1.-THE
one now in force) requires them to
begin 10 visit in person each an9 every
dwelling house in their respective districts
on the first Monday in May and on the first
Monday in Dcember in each year, or as soon
thereafter as may be possible and practi-
1t is clear that the registration for this
year must be made under the new law, and
rs soon As may be possible and practicable
and the assessors sheuld make their return
TO the Coun.s commissioners of any county,
or the assessors of any election district from
q strict compliance with all of the require
ments of the act.