The Austin weekly statesman. (Austin, Tex.) 1883-1898, 1891-08-13

nership was only possible when there
was an identity of interest and where
the moral and social conditions of the
partners were in harmony. He sale
that before d land owner rented his
land he should be satisfied that the
tenant was of good moral character, a:
well as a good worker, and that hi
was interested in the upbuilding O
the church and school in his little
community. This opinion seemed tC
find general acceptance. The discus.
sion that followed was of great i'm.
portance to land owner and tenant
and interesting to outsiders. Both
sides were we'll represented and pre-
sented, in an honest, manly way,
without the slightest shadow of i'll
feeling.
Mr.. Edwards, who spoke as ten
ant, pointed out some things that re-
quired the attention of the land owner
if he desired to secure and keep good
tenants. He spoke of the miserable
house accommodations of the average
tenant, and dealt with the question of
grass. He said many tenants had
no grass or not sufficient for
their teams and cows. When
asked what proportion of grass land
should go with the cultivated he said
he thought tenant cultivating forty
| five acres of land should have fifteen
acres of pasture. Several land owners
thought that fair demand, but, as
many farms do not have one-third of
grass land this arrangement is not
always possible. A long discussion
followed as to what amount of free
cultivated land would be equivalent
to fifteen acres of grass, and there
seemed to be pretty general agree
ment that five acres of land on which
to grow roughness would be equal to
fifteen of pasture. AS proof of the
benefit of such meetings L would
instance the case of one large land
owner present, who had often had
trouble with his tenants ON the grass
question, and was so convinced with
the force and reasonableness of the
arguments, that he decided in future
to give each renter five acres of land,
when he could not supply grass. In
the past many of his tenants had to
do without grass or it's equivalent.
One land owner complained of the
difficulty he experienced in getting
tenants to cultivate corn. Not only
did they bargain to grow as
little corn as possible, but they would
quit that little at any time to culti-
waite their cotton. This is new light
on the cropping of land. 1t has gen.
orally been understood that the ten
ant would mix his crops more, but for
the demand of his landowner to swell
his acreage of cotton.
Mr.. b. p. Saffold of Georgetown read
a carefully prepared essay on "Sani-
tary Matters on the Farm and gave
his hearers many valuable hints on
the hygiene of the farm. He not only
gave them pointers on the proper To-
cation Of their houses, barns, wells
and cisterns, but pointed out the i'm
portance of suitable diet, and urged
the use of more fruit.
In these days of 6 cent cotton and
dollar mile doctors, farmers should
take every possible measure to pre-
serve the health oftheir families.
Hon. j. ID. Savers was on hand to
deal with "Improved Cattle" 1t is
well-known that Mr.. Sayers owns one
of the finest herds of short horn cattle
in the south. He has been devel-
oping it for the past nineteen years and
he should therefore know something
about improved cattle in Texas. He
said his experience had been long and
varied, he had had good fortune and
bad luck. The latter mostly in con-
nection with imporations of fine stock.
He had not discovered any positive
preventive of splenic or SO called
Texas fever, but had found that the
younger the animal the less risk of it's
death during acclimation. He intends
bringing some four months old calves
here next spring and will put them to
suck acclimated or native cows, and
thinks they will escape the disease.
He does not accept the tick theory of
infection, but inclines to the belief
that the disease is species of ma
laria.
On the subject of ticks, he says they
are the only drawback to successful
stockraising in Texas. On his ranch,
kerosene and water in equal proper.
tions, applied with brush, is found
to be death to the tick.
He gave the history of the short
horn as found in Denmark many
centuries ago, down to the present
time and traced the gradual develop
ment of the animal from the
big raw boned brute of North
ern Europe to the highly
bred and symmetrical article turned
out by the United States breeder of
today.
While he admitted the superiority
of the Jersey as a butter-producing
machine, he claimed that the Short
horn was often first-class mixer and
always first-class beef animal.
Mr.. S. l.. Burnap of Hutto, the cele-
brated dairyman and breeder of Jer-
sey cattle, told us of the steadily in
creasing popularity of that breed. He
does not claim for them any superiori-
ty as beef cattle, but candidly admits
that the steers are of little value for
any purpose, He has however an I'M
alterable opinion that the Jersey is
the queen of the dairy and that she
will give the dairyman more pleasure
and profit than any other breed. He
described his method of handling his
stock from which it appeared that
kindness, gentleness and general