Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1891-11-10
ONLY RISES ELEVEN FEET.

FenaDle aud Twenty-1tthl
streets. 10 1925 9i2O.l6
ONLY RISES ELEVEN FEET.
The most notable OF all in the above table r.
the loss Of pressure at Marshall and Eighth
streets, which two years ago was constant at 10
pounds, and at no time this summer between
the hours Of A. N. and IL NJ. has the pressure
exceeded pounds. IN other words, the water
would not rise over 11A feet above the side
walk, and relative decrease would apply 10
that entire section bounded By Broad, Lelgh,
Seventh, and Twelfth streets. The pipe extern
sions and new supplies put In this section OF the
city have been very few in number IN the past
two years and by no means warrant so great
change. Could rcliet be furnished by laying
larger mains leading from our 16-inch main on
Broad street should at once recommend IL, but
am safe In saying that II tins was done the
pressure In this section would not be Increased
two pounds, as there Is already sucb
heavy tax upon the 16-inch man now
IN Broad street 10 supply water TO much
lower points In tho city. deriving their supply
from this main. IL would DO wei 10 eau your
attention 10 the present method OF supplying
wat, N thu city. the Drst place our wafer
dissribntiOn u divided into two services, known
az the high and low service. The low Eervice is
that portion OF the city lying south and east OF
the following Irregular line:. commencing az
Canal and Fourth, TO Fifth and Canal, sixth and
Cary, Seventh and Main, Eighth and Main,
Ninth and Main, Tenth aud Main, Tenth and
Bank, Twelfth and Bank, Twelfth and Main,
Thirteenth aud Main, Fourteenth between Main
and Franklin, Mayo and Franklin, down Frank
lin TO Seventeenth AMI out Seventeenth street
b. Darlington, Eighteenth and Broad, Nine
teen,h aud Broad, Twentieth and Broad, Twen-
ty-second and Franklin, Twenty-hfth and Main,
including In the service the portions OF the city
known as Rockets and Fulton. Tho low SER
wee is fed from Marshall reservoir. The high
service, lying vest north, and east OF THIS line,
is fed from the New reservoir and embraces all
the high portions Of the city, such az Gambles
Hin, Oregon Hill, Sidney Navy. and Church liills.
The general plano OF Church Hill ID thlrty fost
lower than ShOckoe Hill
VARIATION OF GRADES.
This service spreads over a vast territory,
varying greatly In altitude, and supplies sundry
portions IN which tho difference OF height IL as
much as 1876 feet In nne, the distributng-ppes
on this service are laid on constantly-varylng
grades Recent observations show that we draw
about 100000 gallons from Marshall reservoir
and 100000 gallons from the New reservoir
each twenty-four hours. There has been no
complaint of want OF pressure on tho low service,
and the reason Is evident as it supplies small
portion OF our city and Is located considerably
below the surface OF Marshall reservoir, and
with little variation In Its general surface. There
are two water-malns-one tgenty-four inches in
diameter, the other thirty inches In diameter
which bring tho water from the New reservoir 20
the city. Their capacity combined amounts TO
about 100000 gallons In twenty-four hours
should IL be deemed advisable 10 add to
the present supply-mains from the New reser-
yoIr it would be best 10 lay main
sufficiently large TO meet the rapidly increasing
demand for water and branch out therefrcm
with a series OF distributing pipes after reaching
the city, and Is would then be best 10 lay a AS
inch main from the New reservoir 10 Broad
street, and down Broad street. to Shafer street;
from Shafer 70 First a 3G-inch main, and branch
out from this main Will sundry smaller pipes
Estimated Cost:
4S-inch main from reservoir 10 shafer
street...... ......... .clof,<oO
36-inch main from Shater to First
street,. ...........s.'''..'... Sl,lUO
sundry smaller mains. ................. 4U,OUV
- 80,
IOthl. ..........ssss. ssssssssssssss'' V~o1,oOO
TWELVE MILLION GALLONS DAY.
II becomes necessary 10 call your attention to
the fact that the present maximum capacity OF
the water-power pumps supplying the New
reservoir Is l2,000,OOO gallons in twenty-four
hours, aud that they are now being run without
internisslon at rate TO deliver 10000, 900 gall
lOas OF water In twenty-four hours. Therefore,
In making provision for the increased quantity
OF water to be drawn from the New reservoir IL
ia necessary also 70 provide increased pumping
facilities. i estimate that an additional pump
ing plant would cost si25, 900 and pump main
from the works to tho reservoir e25, 155-making
a total OF s3S4,5O1 in order TO meet the present
and future demands.
on the other hand recommend a plan as
substitute for the great cost Of adding % our sup
ply and pump mains, which an confident VIII
correct the evil OF low pressure III our present
city limits at much less cost, 10 am sure the
cause OF the reduced pressure II due TO the i'm
mense waste now existing all over the city. In
evidence Of THIS examine our present daily COLI
sumption. In 1870, the daily consumption was
A S-5 gallons per capita; IN lSs0, W gallons
This, as applied 10 the entire population, esti-
mated at Su.035, but really Is az the rate OF 3O2
gallons, estimated per each water consumer.
How can such an increase have occurred unless
10 Is wasted!
METERS TBE ONLY CURE.
Efforts 10 stop the waste by hoise-to-house IN
specticn avail nothing. For example, the In
spector will visit a house he has no right 10 IN
trude upon the privacy OF the residents, and
having given notice OF his purpose 10 inspect the
wetsr-nxtures, he Is not admitted until there has
been every opportunity to smut on al nhtars e
good order; he may occasionally md fixture
out Of order, and he then leaves q notice % have
IL repaired. The class OF water-nxtures gener-
ally in our city OF that kind, which are gener-
ally LEFT running. Few people think that they
are wasting much when they leave fixture rum
Ming yet il Is true that any one fixture left rum
ming Tor fweniy-foar hours VIII waste more
water than would be consumed by the whole
family in one month Meters are the only cure
for this evil. estimate that We can place q
meter on every service IN the city OF Richmond
for 100000. Nor would We need this entire
appropriation al once. Let $4,000 be appro.
prfated each year unti Ne nafo hccob' pushca
the work would recommend that meter be
placed on every service or supply Ct the expense
OF the city and that an annual rental OF 81 Per
.annum be charged for the use OF tho moter
where the meter does not exceed one Inch; that
the amount Of money received for meter reuss
be placed 70 the credit Of tho meter fund 70 pay
the interest on tho cost, 10 pay the cost OF re-
pairs, and sinking fund established for the
purpose Of renewing the meter when IL Is worn
cut. The life OF . meter u sbont ten yeArs--ln
other words. u We were 10 buy meters by the
issae a 4 per cent. bonds and the average rate
OF interest received for rent would DO 10 per
cent. on fhe COST Of tho meter, charging an an
nuai rental OF ~, there roald then DO balance
left Tor repair and renewal
WOULD SAVE zHE MACHINERY.
Than charge for the water consumed at our
present meter rates, which scale from cent? q
is cents par tncuaand gsIionA prophesy thai
IN short uhiis TIE waste win b stopped and
the pressure Increased ali over the city The
tai on sur pumping machinefy and tho expenss
a mainferance 10 reduced, for a<a safe In say
lag &aas ~ qoansity Il water pumped each das
would - - Abundant supply To- popuissior