Morning journal and courier., 1891-02-02
CCopyrighted.o LONG ISLAND SOUND.

account of the means by which he had of fected his escape, but afterward suspecting that the Englishmsn had come for tho pur- pose of betraying him he conspired with some of his nation to make hin Dermer) . prisoner. Thereupon, says Sir Ferdinando Gorges, "they laid hands upon him, but, being brave, stout gentleman, drew his sword and freed himself, but not without fourteen wounds." The encounter caused Dsrmer's speedy return to Virginia, whore he died soon after from the effects of his wounds, as stated by Smith, but according to sir F. Gorges he had the misfortune to fall sick and die of the infrmity many of our nation are subject to at their frat com ing into these parts"
 The causes which led to the navigation of Long Island sound and the rivers and harbors emptying therein we glean from colonial history.
 Governor John Winthrop says: "A sa- chem from Connecticut, named Wahgina- ent, April 4th, 1881, came and invited the English to plant on the river Connecticut. He promised to give the English corn and eighty beaver skins yearly. This offer the governor declined on finding that the na- ClV6 was at war W1GQ Q moro pOW6fIul CQ1oI by name Pekoath."
 Winthrop under date of July 12, 1883, says: 'Mr. Edward Winslow, governor of Plymouth, and MT. Bradford, came by boat into the bay and departed joining in trade to Connecticut for beaver and hemp and set up there Q trading house, to prevent the Dutch, who were about to build there. We thought it not fit place to locate settlement az there was between 5000 and 4,000 warlike Indians in the neighborhood, the river only fit for small boats and bar at the mouth with depth of only six feet at high water, but the Plymouth people were told they could settle there if they chose.
 Tho bark "BEssing" of Boston was, however, sent to desire the Dutch not to build, and few weeks after and on Octo- Der 4, 1883 following, the Dutch Governor Van Tweller informed them he had taken possession of the river in the name of the Lord State General, and set up house a purchase from Pequot chief of lands on the Connecticut river and built there Fort Good Hope, now the present site of the town of Hartford.
 In October, 1883, the Plymouth colony, having desire to hold the valuable river sent Captain William Holmes and the sachem of the tribe lately deposed by the Pequots in sloop laden with house frame ready for immediate erection to set tie on the river at Windsor, who was hailed by the Dutch fort in passing and ordered "to strike or they would shoot, and stood by their ordinance ready fitted" Bradford says Holmes answered "they had a com mission from ye governor of Plymouth tt go up ye river to such 8 place, and if they did shoot they would obey order and pro ceed."
 In 1884 several of these river towns wer, commenced by the bay colonies, who mad effort to oust the Plymouth and Dutch set tiers, which in time was accomplished But in the meantime, fearing the Dutcl would hold the mouth of the river, assisted by their allies, the Pequot Indians. Lieu tenant Lyon Gardner, who was employed by the Earl of Warick and the Lords Sa, and Brook, was sent with men to locat and build fort at Saybrook in 1886, ar irving soon after the Endicott expedition to Block Island, which he laid waste to re taliate for the murder of several rive | settlers and Captains Stone and Nortol by the, Pequot Indians. which resulte | in the Pequot war declared at Hartfor, May 1, 1887, when the last remnant o | UAlb tElpo was duulul1hGou III DOSCO IF 8ll field) swamp in June, 1887, by the Con necticut and Massachusetts colonie under Mason, Davenport and Turne, The latter was afterwards lost in tl Phantom ship of New Haven, 1646, H was the Miles Standish of the New Have colony who on his return after the COT quest acquainted Governor Eaton, wh had just arrived at Boston, of tt advantage of the Long Islan sound region. The governor ''e1 person" probably with a boat party i the fall of the same year Q63D explore this region and in order to hold it fro1 the connivsnce of the Dutch and Englis of Massachusetts whom circumstanti evidence proves had intention to clai1 it, by right of conquest, left six of h to hold this promised land, [Quinnipiac until the settlement in the spring coul be completed by many in Massachusett who were ready to promote new entel prise. Again we find mention of Lon Island sound and our harbor in the Jou1 nal of John de Late, directe of the Dutch West India compan. He was native of Antwerp, bI had lived at Leyden and was OF of the most distinguished geographers ( his day. Among his publications is hi tory of the Dutch West India compan from it's beginning to the end of 1636.
 On his passage to New Amsterdam through Long Island sound from th Fresh river, perhaps in the year 1636. B writes: "From Fresh river to anothe called the Roodenberg Red HilD it
 twenty-four miles west by north and eai by south. This stream stretches eas
 northeast (the "reach" in the Quinnipis river, between Stable Point and Red Rocl and is about bow shot wide, being
 depth of about three fathoms (see als chart of New Haven harbor, 1845) at To
 water. It rises and falls about six fee and southeast by south moo causes high water at it's mouth The natives who dwell here al called Quiripeys Quinnipiac). They tal many beavers, but it is necessary for thel are too indolent to hunt the beaver. Twely miles further to the east there lies sma island (Faulkner's Island probably, whel good water is to be found. (The spring Faulkner's Island is now just visible an will soon be obliterated by the encroacl ment of the sea.
 The writer was informed by Captai Joel Stone in 1880, who with his fatht kept the lighthouse on Fau]kner's Islan in 1914, that there was then a never-fai ing spring of fresh water on the west sic of the island, but that the gradual wasl away of the island made this spring bracl ish, it being close to high water mar
 This encroachment of the sea occasione
 his father to sink near the lighthouse
 well ninety feet deep, but finding no fres
 water the scheme was abandoned, and u
 spring dug out, stoned up and protects
 by sea wall. This same protection
 by a party in the Yale launch, Ca
 party raa D""ana consisted so of p the aoe'' Ho Ie
 N. D. Sperry, Captain Henry Parmle
 John North, esq, and the writer of th
 sketch, who testifes to it's good qualit
 Twelve miles beyond Red Hills there are
 number of islands, the same to which Ga
 tain Block gave the name >Archipelsg
 Captain Block probably meant by these |
 Stratford shoal grounds, then two island
 Penfeld Reef, then an island and Norwa
 Island together. He then gives descri tion of his passage through Hell Gate al
 arrives in the great (North) river. It
 interesting to note here the first menti,
 of the tides in New Haven harbor. Fro
 observation made recently, the time of tl
 highest springtides has changed but litt
 since those days as we have generally Il
 highest tides between two and three da after the new and full moon, which swou
 give this luminary about this bearing.
 The learned J. Hammond Trumbu
 ILL. D. says:Q Quinnipiac Quillipiac; origi
 ally the land near the head of New Hav
 harbor and the estuary of Quinnipiac a,