The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1891-08-23
THE FARM AND THE GARDEN.
Prepare Your Exhibitions for The State
Fair In October.
THE NORTH CAROLINA TOBACCO CROP.
Tho ceptionsl Advantages Enjoyed by the
Farmer and Discussion of His Needs.
Hlnts on Fruit Culture, Etc.

Geese are very profitable, the solid white
varieries being the best. as white feathers
bring the best prices. Geese arc great eaters
Of grass A very old pasture Of natural grass
is preferred bv them.
DO not imagine you cannot raise ducks be-
cause you may not have a duck pond. Ducks
are raised in large numbers. and with almost
perfect success. when the greatest amount Of
water they come in contact with is in their
drinking vessels Pekn ducks are especially
easy 10 raise. flock of them yield enough
feathers to pay for their keep.
THE STATE FAIR.
We are in receipt Of the premium list of the
Virginia State Agricultural and Mechanical
Society for 1891. The society invites agri-
cultural societies Of this and other States 10
send one delegate each TO the air, who will
report TO the secretary. Editors are also In
vted to attend or send representative.
A very prominent feature OF the exhibit
ton viii be the display of the Richmond
Poultry and Pigeon Association. This exhibit
will not be limited 10 Virginia but will en-
brace exhibits from the country al large.
Catalogues can be obtained by addressing
CLYDE w. Saunders. Richmond. Va.
The Fair will be held October 9th, 2Sth
and 2Sth.
wEEvM IN CORN.
The Southern Live Stock Journal says:
The weeyil has become as much OF bugbear
% Southern corn growers as the chinch bugs
and grasshoppers to our Northern Deighbors.
The means for their determination and pre-
ventiOn are almost as numerous AS the sands
on the seashore But no matter how many,
the Journal always tries TO give its readers the
benefit of the latest. We have published
the chinabeTry prevention. the salt cure the
fumigation process and various other rem
edles We now introduce the sassafras bark
cure. Take a common chopping axe and chip
off as many chips as needed. taking chips ana
bark together. from two 10 four inches
square by choppng. The chips should be
mixed with the grain when housed, about two
bushels Of chips 10 granary sixteen feet
souare by ten feet deep. The corn should be
husked and the chips scattered through.
TIE ECONOMY OF WASTE.
The consideration most neglected by the
farmer is the economy Of waste IA plant food,
which tends TO sterilization of the soil and
consequently the rate OF leId. ne cost 81
transportation should be the desidcTatum and
should be so reduced by selection OF products
of high value in proportion to weight. and
loss OF fertility should DO avoided by the eX-
portation Of carbon rather than nitrogen aud
phosphorc acid. This method not only pre-
serves fertility, but solves the problem OF
TRANSPORTATION.
solved the transportation problem the railroad
question will no longer be such bugbear, but
rather a benefit The railroad will get better
proht as we'll as the farmer per ton. and the
prosperity Of the one will be the prosperity OF
the other.
FRUIT CULTURE.
The farmer has overlooked tho fact that the
most profitable product of the farm IS fruit
He will get most valuable information from
the California and Colorado farmers. lie
will find his greatest waste has been IN en-
deavoring TO cultivate too much land. The
California farmer raises as much from ten
acres ar the average farmer does from 100
acres Why Because he uses the means
which give greatest production to the Soil.
viz. irrigation. which at the same time gives
him an assured crop and no failure. He also
cultlvates what IS most profitable, VIZ, fruit.
This wisdom strange 10 say, was taught to
him 10y the Pueblo Indians OF New Mexico:
This most profitable and approved method
they have been operating for a thousand
years or more.
The reason why fruit is the most profitable
is because IL is the scarcest product raised.
The crop raised is but fraction of the I'M
mense demand The orange culture OF Cali
fornia and Florida though apparently I'M
mense. amounts 70 but l20, 0O0, 900 oranges,
or two per year for each person. This indi-
Gates the deficiency of all kinds OF fruit cul-
ture. and emphasizes TO the farmer his oppor-
tunity.
SWEET FOOD FOR HORSES.
Many persons are in the habit of indulging
their equine pets in sugar and candy for the
sake of pleasing them and winning their Ia
yor According TO the Southern Cult1vator
sweets are wholesome for horses. 1t says.
The fondness for sweets on the part Of the
horse has been taken advantage OF in different
parts of the world, and his appetite for sac
charine matter catered 10 with the best results
in improving his condition. Horses thrive
remarkably we'll on sugar and molasses. and
these ingredients interchangeable terms IN
| this connection-have been regularly used
since 1873 in Australia and South America and
other parts of the world for getting horses in
to condition for sale and also Tor colts while
wntering in the park
In raising colts there il a risk Of their suf-
! fering from stoppage OF the bowels II fed
| entirely on dry food aud TO avoid this they
are allowed carrots or roots OF some KIND IN
addition TO their dry food. Sugar not only
| improves the condition OF the colts but pre-
vents any risk of the stoppage above referred
10. The way ii is used is to dissolve the
! sugar in water and pour il on the chat or cut
hay, taking care that the food Is well mixed,
and in day or two the colt will be found
| licking the sides of the manger long after the
last mOrsel of the chat has been eaten.
EXCEPTIONAL ADVANTAGES OF THE FARMER.
a BhGaclOub WIlbtT III LILO DlOOhlgu
| SAYS: The farmer enjoys exceptional advan-
tages and privileges. Nature is actually in
league with him. and 80 protects his interests
| that il is difficult for farmer with fair
amount Of industry, intelligence and health
| t. fail, in the sense of failure IN other voca-
| tons.
His products are always in demand by
everyone. He can sell at any time he chooses
| and for cash. which is a great advantage.
| His occupation is most healthful, physically
and morally owing to its location keeping
him constantly IN the open air and in com
munion with nature, the greatest teacher of
| the world.
His farm is his home. and consequently
brings him into closer intimacy with his fam
| lily. This is great saving in time. expense
! and comfort over other pursuits where the To-
cation Of the home and business are separate
But it has higher consequence. / regard
! this privilege as the most valuable of the
| many which the, farmer possesses. l attribute
| TO this circumstance chiefly the excellent
moral physical and industrial training for
i i