New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-10-24
BRAZIL AND THE TREATY.
AMERICANS ADVISED THAT MUCH is STILL
NEEDED TO MAKE TRADE CERTAIN.
BRAZIL UNDER ITS NEW FORM OF GOVERNMENT
WILL THE UNITED STATES sUBsIDIzE
STEAMSHIP LINES TO CARRY THE
COMMERCE FOR WHICH Reel
PRoCITY PROVIDES

To the Editor Of The Tribune
Sir: 1t can scarcely be said that the present
condition of Brazil is highly fattering, financially
speaking When Nation passes from one form
Of government TO another, even for the better IL
is sure 10 meet many drawbacks and troubles. AS
rule, new men with different ideas come TO power,
and few of them possess at once the power, efici-
ency and statesmanlke qualities for the admnlstra-
ton of public affairs. l do not deny the good
aims of the new fathers of my country, who de-
| throned Dom Pedro and his dynasty in Brazil; but
| do believe that if General Deodoro da Fonseca,
one OF the best soldiers in the Brazilian army, ana
| to-day our constitutional President, had known
| beforehand the demagogues with whom he was to
deal in the revolution of the 9th OF November, ne
would have certainly stayed at home rather IMAM
take responsibility so great In drawing this con-
clusOn | do not fail TO recognize the antecedent6
| of General Fonseca and the respect in which he
| always held the old Emperor. Nor do say that
| the Republic came 10 us like thunderbolt. On
! the contrary, all expected it sooner or later
| the old Emperor, the leading politicians OF the
mOnarchcal parties, the press and the people az
large but am sorry to say that if there are to-
day great many Brazilians, Of the highest stand
| ing who regret Don Pedros downfall, the prosecu-
tors of the revolution certainly to be blamed
and nobody else The Republic came to Brazil
lust at a time when both constitutional parties were
entirely demoralized. Dom Pedro not able 10
rule any longer His intelligence and physical
| strength had been completely exhausted after
more than forty years Of honest and paternai
| government The new regime was accepted
There was not blow the slightest opposition
to it,
But, alas the history of Brazil, hope, will
| never register a time when so much money was
| spept for so many useless and criminal purposes
as in the first days of the Republic. Even the
press that had been free from the first days OF
national independence, could not even groan.
| Every employee who pledged his support to the
Government had his salary raised, and every petty
Republican thought he entitled 10 an office
| After that the financial errors came. The new
! Minister of the Treasury, instead of adopting
sound currency kept authorizing the banks to
issue inconvertible paper money OIL only one-thlrd
| Of the realized capital. Consequently hundreds
| Of stock-cOmpanies looking for imaginary profits.
were thrown upon the markets and their shares
would go so high as 10 amaze the SPECTATORS Them
| selves When people get to this feverlsh state
wishing 10 become rich in a day, and the Govern
ment shows its incapacity by folding its arms, 1t
is easy to foretel the result of such policy. AS
natural thing, gold began 70 get higher and higher
until our paper could not be discounted for less
than 20 per cent. And yet Brazil was at peace.
| immigration was HONlbS W VhV N""H'iJ ""N VIZ
| crops were increasing
How fortunate we are, even after committing
| so many financial blunders! We are so rich. Our
resources are SO great that nobody, in this coun-
try. can realize tue amount OF strain that can be
| borne upon our shoulders.
| We Brazilians claim that we can grow most
| everything raised in this country, and That we
have also the monopoly Of the coffee and rubber
trades in the world. Brazil having, as | may say
almost all climates lit runs from degrees north
Of the equator to 80 degrees south oil the same,
and receiving continually strong and healthy
| immigration from Germany, Northern Italy, Spain.
| Portugal and other countries, everything Will
reach its proper level as soon as the vigorous
policy of retrenchment just adopted by the new
advisers OF the President shall begin to bear fruit
| And it will be carried out to the letter, because
Brazilians are as a rule. cautious people who look
to the future.
Having given to your readers aperci at the
! Republic Of the South working with pains for
It's stability and welfare, | wish to come 10
point with which desire to deal earnestly and
! sincerely for the benefit of Brazil and Of the
| United States With the advent of the Repub
! lie the new thought that 1t was time for
an American policy. The meeting Of the Pan
| American Congress brought about under the new
republican form Of government reciprocity
| treaty WITH tile Oultu CAdttS eA'N viz 'AONAN
TO James G. Blaine and assert that 10 treaty was
ever made between the United States and any
nation on such good conditions for the United
States as the one made with Brazil. The United
| States had everything and Brazil had nothing
| If is true that our sugar not of the best quality,
| WAS allowed TO enter free in the United States
| but a similar treaty made between tie United
| States and Cuba through her mother coun
| trv-Spain-had a tendency 10 destroy the bene-
| fits that we expected 10 reap from the negotla-
tiops. | will give to the readers an idea OF the
| American articles that go 10 Brazil on the free
! list and Others with the reduction of duty OF
20 per cent
| SCHEDULE OF ARTICLES TO BE ADMITTED FREE
TO BRAZIL.
Wheat wheat -four, corn or maize ana tle maui NV
factures thereof including cOrnmcal ana starch rNc
rye -four, buckwheat bucNWh neat hOur ana 2arE5i p
taoe beans and peas hay ana Cas PO nam s2
| ,ated dried and picked; cottonSe'd on on. ooat
! anthracite and bituminOus: rosln, tar pltch '.lu
! fIrpentine agricultural iuIpements and machinery
mining and mechanical tools, implements ana
including stationary and portable engines, ana AL ma
cbinerv for manufacturing and industrial purposes eN
cept sewing machines, Instruments ana DOORS l0' VA
| aIts aud sciences railway construction material am
SCHEDULE OF ARTICLES TO RE ADMITTED WITH
| A REDUCTION OF DUTY OF p PER CENT.
| Lard and substitutes thereof, bacon, hams butter
and cheese, canned and preserved meats hsh, Irlts
and vegetables manufactures Of cotton including COZ
ton clothing manual uIes " liui ni1 - IL Leather
| and manufactures thereof except boots and sho'1
| lumber and timber aud the manufactures OF Vood ~
Guiding cOOperage furniture OF all kinds, wagons, carts
| and carriages. and manufactures Of rubber
! Such is the big rosary Of articles that have
beed admitted TO Brazil according TO the new
treaty since April l of this year The fact that
coffee enters free in this country cannot be called
| fair compensation for 50 many articles INTRO
| duced into Brazil free and with the reduction oil
| % per cent on the customs duties because IAN
| on that product would certainly hurt more inc
| Americans, the great Consumers OF the world IMAM
the Brazilians themselves More than fwo-tlifus