davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1891-11-11

WE WILL SELL THIS DAY, CORNER
w First and Broad streets at 1880 O'Clock
sharp. a general assortment OF
Household Furniture.
Chamber Suits,
Bufas, Bureaus. Washstands,
Bedsteads, Lounges, Chairs,
Extension Tables,
tookin and Heating Stoves
Also Steel Engravings.
autographs and Oil Paintings.
Rogers Silver Knives and Forks
general assortment OF goods.
Beats furnished for the ladies',
ELLIS oATHOART.
s~" AReiieaesEa
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
Th~ Woodcock's Whistle.

I have been much interested in all
your woodcock bi d whistle papers,
aud as my experience has extended
over more than half century of wood
cock shooting land many seasons
shooting | have bagged from 100 to $50
BIRDS, and the bird always interested
me, have spent many pleasant hours
in studying it's habits in sp: ing, as
we'll as fall and summer shooting. ]
want you to put down my vote to the
wing theory.
I know the bird has little mouth
talk, or note, which have often heard
when birds were mating and strutting
on the ground in the spring, and the
same note [ have heard often from the
old bird when I have been catching
the young chicks; but the sound or
note is not the same as the whistle of the
continuous-fying full-plumaged bird,
and have so often had the slightly
wounded bird in my hand, and held by
the bill or feet, make, as [ am sure,
the same whistling with his wings,
that [ cannot be mistaken; and the
bird when not in plumage, held the
same wav, does not make the whistle.
4
think alike; bat any person who will
take full plumaged woodcock that is
lively, hold it by the bill or foot, and
let it have full use of it's wings, cannot
but be convinced the whistle is made
with the wings.
Audubon should be pretty good au-
thoritv, and he records the noise as
made by the wings; and among my
bird acquaintance I do not remember
one bird that has a continuous mouth
note when flying, but very many have
wing whistle when flying, such a.
the gold-eyed duck, whistling swan
and others, and can be heard long
distance The drumming ruffed grouse,
noise of the wings of the flushed quail
and many others talk with their wings
as well as their mouths. -Forest AMI
Stream.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

inch thick. Each shield had twenty-four
hydraulic rams at equal distances apart.
Each ram had stroke Of . feet and
s. diameter Of inches. Each
time the pistonS were showed ahead the
shield moved enough to allow q section,
or a foot and half, Of the tunnel TO be
made. The air could have been forced
to press 5000 tons on the shield, but the
greatest pressure used was 900 tons. BY
regulating the pressure Of any valve the
direction Of the shield could be varied at
will. An observation of the shields di-
rectiOn was taken every morning, and
by diagram any variations even to the
smallest fractions Of an inch, were de-
tcctcd and regulated. The variation
scarcely ever eXcelled fourth of an
inch. When the shields met they fitted
exactly, which in itself was q marvel,
for they had been burrowng farther and
farther into unknown soil, yet controlled
by brilliant minds and wonderful inven-
tons,
The American shield started July II,
1889; the Canadian Sept II, 1889; they
met at nearly midnight of Aug. 30, 1890.
The Canadian had gone 1886, 10 feet,
and the American 1913. SIS feet. Work
had been pushed night and day, in shifts
of eight hours, for electricity lighted
the shields aud tunnel, and early compile
ton of tho tunnel was a great object.
The average progress Of each shield was
ten feet d day; but one day twcnty-scvcn
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

cially to strangers. In the beginning of
the under-river section the three gangs,
each of twenty five men, worked under
an extra atmos pheric pressure of ten
pounds to the square inch. This was in
creased slowly and at interva s, to twen-
ty-two pounds per SOU re inch, or about
two and One-h half times the usual atmoS-
+ h ric pressure tThe proposed limit in
the Chicago Fourteenth street tunnel is
forty pounds Ter square inch.) Qucks
sands on the Canadian side caused the
highest air prcssurcs to be eNerted upon
that side. The compression of the air
kept the quicksand and water from over
flowing into the tunnel. Leaks werA in
visible. The vicwleSs walls kept back
the flood. COmpr Sscd air wa, used on
the Canadian side from May %, 1870, and
on the American SIDE from April Z 1890
The completion of the hole was the
beginning of the end. A vast amount Of
work had yet to be done. The tunnel
was cleaned aod the tramways' beds of
CLAW. about two feet thick, were removed.
The cast-iron walls were painte with
some an rust cons ound, hundreds of
thou andS of DO t. were frightened, and
brick and concrete were paced in the
lower half of the tunnel to prevent it
be mr. ouSted by the brine from the meat
cars. Above the cement are three drain
age con TUFTS, two thirty inches !ong, and
one in the middle, eighteen niche square.
Over these and their dividing timbers are
wooden ties, nine feet long and eight By
eight inches square. On these ties rest
extra heavy steel Trails, 100 pounds to
the yard, of >tandard American gauge
track, four feet eight and one half inches
wide On each side Of the Trails are
wooden guard rails, ten by twelve inches.
Both sides OF the ira * are planked. AL
the timbers are of pine, and have been
soaked in dead oil of tar. Safety lad
ders and platforms have been placed for
workmen, and watcnmen. The inside
diameter is 10 feet 10 inches; II feet the
outside diameter In the top of the tun-
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

feet and ten inches was accomplished,
and the record of tunnel construction
was excelled.
Chief Engineer Hobson advised hayi' g
these tunnel walls of cast iron. Eat n
section was composed of kcy AID IL
sogmonts each segment being feet 10
inches long, IS inches wide, and in' hes
tbiclI Each had inside tianges inches
doom and an inch and threc-quarters
mix In each segment were holes in
90 h cnd and II holes in each side f1ange;
These ~ holes were occl p ed by steel
hoits each seven-cighths of an inch IN
diameter Each seytion Of the COM
pletad tunnel was a circle whose raa Us
was 9 feet and II inches. Each section
rnruirrd for tho longitudinal joints SO
bolts, and for the circular JOINTS 10
boIts, \ total Of 213 bots for each 1000
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

the law NV i'm, an 'e's after yer all
Their time. Now you CANT kill i'm
'thout bein' spicioned an yer CANT err
ford ter have no trouble with
i'm. Yer air my frien' an
l don't like ter see er frien' picked
on. [ kin kill i'm an nobodyIl know
nuthin' erbout hit, cep'n at e 8 foun'
dead. Eff yer III jist say at yer want
hit done I'll shoot er hole in i'm ut yer
kin th'ow er catamount thoo. Whit
yer say?' ST, Legs, I'm pow'ful
much bleeged ter yer, but doue seed
all ther KILN / wanter. Let i'm
erlone. He'll git tired arter erwhile.
S's'e, 'Jist ez yer say. I'm mighty sor-
ry, though, at yer don't want hit done
However, yer knows whar I live an
eff yer ever want is hash settled, jist
SEN fur me- ST, All right An now
he's dead. Died fun er congestiff chill
ketched er clearin' NV new groun' in
Their bottoms. Well, thar amt no
commentaries man er livin' an thar
won't be twell OF marster makes cr
new breed"
HUGH BLAKE WILLIAMS
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
Origin of the Camera.

The camera was invented by an
italian named BaptiSta Porta though
it vas not at first used for photograph
ing. 1t was in reality a dark room,
Into which the light was admitted
through little round hole in one side.
The rays of light coming from objects
outside of this loom entered it throug b
this aperture, and made picture on
the other side of the room, glowing in
al the beauty and color OF ature it.
self, but rather indistinct and upside
down.
This dark room was contrived by
Porta about the middle of the 10th
century. He improved it, later, by
placing glass lens in the aperture.
aud outside a mirror which received
the rays of light and reflected them
through the lens, SO that the image
upon the oppo>ite wall wi hin was
made much more brighter, more dis
tinct, and In a natural or erect position.
This was really the first camera
obscura an invention which is enjoyed
to the present day, being situated often
upon hilltop, where picturesque
ountrv surrounding may be re &c ed
through lens, which is placed in the
center of the conical roof.
Now, our mod Tn Photographic cam
era is merely small camera obscura
in its simplest form, arrsing lens at
one end aud a ground glass screen at
the other. It j., however, often much
more complicated in its construction
Christian Union.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
a 'COMMERDATIN' MAN.
Pete Simpsons Regard for His Deceased
Friend.

Friend.
The three men in front of the grocery
We're looking for fourth to join them
in u game of horse shoes for the drinks.
"Yan comes Pete Simpson" said
one; hes jist the man we wu2 er wait
in fur"
Simpson approached slowly, his
head hanging, and with an air Of great
distress about him.
Come an hep me beat these yere
fellers, Pete" said the man who had
noticed his approach.
Nav" said Pete, Il CANT play ter
day, fellers / got some bad news.
"Whut is hit?" they asked crowding
around him.
"Er OF frien' is deed, l heared hit
jist while ergo. None NV yer knowed
i'm, but he wuz the 'commerdatines'
man whut ever lived, an Their bes
frien' [ ever had. His name wuz
Jones. Legs wuz whit we called
i'm. Me an i'm wuz in ther same
comp'ny time er thor army. Arter
Their s'render homesteaded or trac' er
lam in Clark County, an wu2 err
scratchin' powerful hard fur ter make
er livin' fur mer wife an err big passed.
er little children. Jones lived clost
ter me. Thar wuz or sneak
in, low down skunk whut wuz
mer neigbor. He useter set is dawgs
on mer stawk, turn is hawgs inter mer
con patch an do everything whut g
could fur ter poster me. Jones heered
erbout hit an e come ter me jist or
bilin'. S's'e, Simpson, this yere low
down, stinkin' cuss whut's er 'n'yin'
NV yer knows at yer got er big family
an haint got Their money fur ter take
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
The Latest "NIanaish" idea.

The costume represented in the cut
is made of mixed homespun showing
delicate spring tints in white and hello
trope. The skirt is simply eased in
front and over the hips, according to
the most approved models. The box
is laid i'll full box plaits. The stylish
Henley jacket is worn over full-fash-
Toned vest of white broadcloth, fitting
smoothly as glove, and fastening
with small gold buttons. The vest is
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

pay $25 annually for each booth,
which is to be tasteful design and
built of glass and iron in substan-
tial manner. The booths, in addition
to the conveniences, will be so ar
ranged as to sell flowers and period
Gals, and be let to newsdealers, who
will be charged not more than SIS q
year rent. In consideration of this
low rental the lessee is to keep the
booth clean and in perfect order, we'll
lighted and free from Objectionable
characters. Such booths have proven
q success in Paris, Vienna, Berlin and
other European cities, and the pro-
jectors see no reason why they should
not be introduced in New York, par
ticularly when a good revenue for the
privilege is given to the city. The
authority of the board to grant the
privilege was questioned by some of
the members, and President Arnold
referred the petition to the Law Com
mittee
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

always protected from danger above.
around or below. The air pressure
keeps the water back in front, and the
completed tunnel protects the rear,
Two shields were used in the st, Clair
tunnel II, Each weighed eighty tons.
1hey We're brought in sections to the
uorth oank OF the cutting, where thew
were erected Then came the problem of
piacihg the shields in position. Wooden
tracks were laid, huge ropes were placed
around each shield, and they were grad
naily lowered by men. In eighty min
uCes they were in place at the proposed
mouth or the tunnel Each shield was
10 ieet long, and had an outside diameter
OF @lH feet. The steel plates were
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

rapidity of loading the clay upon the
cars.
Tunneling was nearly stopped at the
line OF the river by water and quicksand.
Compressed air was tried. On each side
OF the river, beneath the shore lines,
alright bulkheads of brick and cement
were built across the line of the tunnel.
Above each car-track and on each side
of the hulkheads were erected two air.
locks, each seventeen feet long and seven
feet in diameter. with air-tight doors at
each end. The outside door would be
opened and mon or mules admitted to
the air-lock. Horses could not stand the
pressure. The door being closed and the
air-ValVc opened. the air-pressure would
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
LNlRON

aAt' arc a small pumping house
0,ao, and in Ontario Il brick en-
Nh boijcr house, containing at
'o'lr boilers, four electric light
and dynamOS, two ventilating
ana She two great pumps for
= ,g The emit.
"oa5 cuttings for tunnel ap-
>|1ro begun on New Years Day
saws the Chicago Inter Dream,
MADAM was begun somewhat mar
Al depth Of Hfty-eight feet a
IN deposited about sixteen feet of
HS cHttn@. Work was started
~o'5 Ten rods farther back. At
WI lDo Canadian great cutting is
0cep 1t is 26O feet wide at its
.lorDlon. From the portal it
W. 1905 IN fifty feet for 3, 1872 feet.
'H IN great cutting is tifty-tWo
,p' ABOUT 200 feet wide at its
part and rises one foot in fifty
<''J5 IeCt. An inclined track
'uF 0&tcarS TO haul ont the tun-
N 20 tambcr, 1890, two steam
r%$ah work on each side of the
ia u shovel was attended by Il
" ana train Of flat cars Hun
nm, men are employed day and
'o'n the tunnel proper was
,yu scarcely more than two lay
.o SOIL had been removed. The
'TnE&iy grew impatient, and on
~ req 9, 1891, took the Canadian
.'n me contra tors. Over 500
'mpIoEod. As the tunnel will
o%nod for traffic until after the
- nhyS are completed the work on
.,ng IS being ru he'd.
~. '',fd f. Beach, an American
,,, d. 1"ssncd and used Il shield in
,''1r"ay tunnel, New York City,
,.,, 9.oco then SIMILAR SHE DIS have
w. III Chicago, Buffalo, Hudson
~. "'oh, and other tunnels. This
4 , , ,.5 $NoId may be compared to q
No. @i'l no head. 1t is q circle OF
' %' inside these plates are
. t ,o'.S and aids Tor the workmco
~, ,o1t en- are knitc- edges to penc-
. "0h In The rear port on Of the
.a ,.gSHd The main walls, arc hy-
!, i ~. each supplied with valve,
~ ~ a. ZION may be independent of
NV, I"e mater al Of the tunnel
"a, ...1I,'ilry, or cast iron, is built in
IA W =" ule shield. PRESSURE is APP
Il, o hydraulic rams, and thus tho
,.1 puN'ed ahead the length Of the
M, ,,3 5, The soil is pushed into
tL.ptt The shield, and the men re-
DrsL' ,oallng 1t upon cars, which
~ SsU out TO the tramways, on
/ ia are drawn by mules, or
a,bo. 'ne entrance of the tunnel,
.,,s afa hOIStod TO the regu AZ
a n%1o taken to the dumping
Nh, WINE the men are removing
e,s..t 'front.' the mon in the rear are
- ~. the wal S Of the tunnel.
Ia =, ZION plates, q revolving crane
"a , r'@'e oY means of a counter
"e'Eht to the desire position,
.ho ooltod to tho other plates.
49, SeGJfun Of tho tunnel is COM
3,or ANU the pistons of the rams ha Q
a % ;o back, the air is applied again,
,os s"oAS pushed forward for an-
IT, Oh OF the tunnel to be put III.
arrangement the worlmen are
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

m Of Immense Importance in
,tors between Chicago, Milwau-
and Haven, Muskegon, Bay City
.roI, to Buffalo, Toronto, Sus-
B-dgc, Wharton, North BAY,
M Montreal, Quebec, the White
IN, and Portland and inferno
rnts,
h. simmer Of 1887 large and
,srts were erected for the tunnel
or in Ontario some 1900 feet
h liver, in Michigan about 1880
* In each plant were included
Alters, a pair Of hosting engines,
dating engine with a blower
.d10.0C0 cubic feet a minute, q
Ne pump, & drilling machine, a
rTi0g machine, IL planning ma
Nh extra bed and table, d water
NO electric light dynamoS and
a carpenter shop, Il blacksmith
shop. The perma-
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
Mr.. Bartlett went down to Liverpool
to bring it to the geological Gardens,
where it is now safely lodged.

THERE are according to the compila-
ton of a Congressional labor commit
tee, no less than three huLd ed differ.
ent and distinct plans for solving the
labor question. If you haven't got
one tucked away in your vest poke.
here's your chance, and there is NO
charge if You take dozen. If you are
laborer yourself, the quickest way to
solve the problem is to strike a Job
aud go to work.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

be Increased until he atmosp lercs of
the lock cqualed the atmospheres inside
the inner portion of the tunnel, when
the inner door could be opened. and the
men or animals admitted to the works
1t took several minutes to properly in
crease or decrease the air-pressure on "a
man.
Certain rules had to be Obeycd. The
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
PET FOR THE QUEEN.

Victoria in Receipt of IA Lions Whe!p
from Central Africa.
The Queen of England recently re,
ceived a royal gift. It arrived In
Liverpool from the regions Of Central
Africa by the steamer Mandigo last
month. 1t was lion cub, which the
Sultan of Sokoto requested the Royal
Niger Company to present to her
Majesty. The cub was allowed much
liberty on board and was gre atty
petted by both passengers and crew
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

AN English horse recently died of
hydro hotia. 1t was bitten by a mad
dog, and although the wound was eau
terized the animal developed unmis-
taxable symptoms of he disease. It
was terrined at the sight of water and
barked and snapped like a dog. 1t
finally killed itself by crushing;ts head
against the floor of the stable.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

II K 6 r d II d
Trunk Railway
t u n II el under
t h G River st.
Clair, near Lake
Huron, is a WON
derful engineer
ing a C h j G We
mcnt. 1t is an
important lin k
in the CONNER
cial union Of the
| nibcu = y IL I e =
and Canada. It
will greatly ia
cilitatc the trat-
iic over the sew
cral thousand
miles Of railways
in the CIR a II d
py7,.l- ,-~~4,>
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

and a half of the tunnel satbn ~ the hey - 600
sss, 10 bolts to fasten lGse,n. Of This nm,
tons OF the east-lron INNS .ras heated and
mel. Each segment , wa, Nv the time
dipped into vat OF coai . dried - in This
it was s eo Uas s'g tho happy thought Of a
mo hoo E"' apntber workman invented
worH work, ,sh;cb Increased three times the
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
PARTISAN AIRS.
Permission Asked to- Erect Kiosks in the
Streets Of New York.

At the meeting of the New York
Board of Aldermen q petition was
presented in behalf of a company who
ask the privilege of erecting con-
venient booths-or, as they are called
in Europe, "kiosks" -on public thor
oughfares. The petitioners proposeto
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19
f A BIG TUNNEL.
oocRFSS OF THE ST.
CLAIR WORK.

So. an Air Pressure of Over
I ods 10 the square Inch--A
y earring Achievement which
," .,Iy re Duplicated Soon.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

COLDS NTH might have added when
he wrot' of 1.-The loud laugh that
speaks the vacant mind" that the loud
la gn / eluenty denotes that though
the mind is vacant the owner of it is
full.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

workmcn had to have vigorous bodies,
and be examined by the company's ply
stefan before receiving admissi, to the
compressed air. Two deaths resulted
from the bad results of the air-pressure.
The air caused terrible feelings espe-
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1891-03-19

A MAN of tightly disposition should
never be made the cashier of a bank.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1891-10-08
Prospect Items.

AS never see anything from these
parts, I thought that I would ask for
space in your valuable columns.
The health of our community is very
good, and everybody Is busy gathering
crops.
Mr.. Tom Campbell has gone to Georgia.
Look out, Tom, you may get caught over
there.
Mr.. Melzer Riley is preparing to leave
US. He ls going to Furman University.
That is right, Melzer. Be sure you go
snipe hunting with the first one that gives
you an invitation.
On our last preaching day our pastor
left at the close of his sermon to go to
Lowndesvile to assist Rev. D. w. Hiott
in meeting. Soon after he left couple
wishing to pay their matrimonial VOWS,
came into. our community looking for
him. They had left the Campmeeting be.
cause they could not ''face the music
before such large crowd. You ought to
have seen them when they were told that
the preacher had gone. luke" who
has travelled the same road himself, pro.
posed to assume the clerical robe long
enough to answer their purpose, but they
would not second the motion. So they
went on their way, but not rejoicing.
Wonder if they have found q preacher yet :?
Our school will begin in about a month
from now. We hope to have a good one,
Rev. W. NJ. Pinson will be the principal
We'll, Mr.. Editor, as you are beginning
to look toward the waste basket I will
close. Ifyou are ever out in our commu"
nifty call on CATO.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1891-10-08
Piailmout NeWG,

The weather has been all that the far
mers could desire for the last three weeks
and cotton picking is progressing fine. L
the weather continues fair and warm the
entire crop will be opened and the most o1
it gathered in another month. After all
/ don't think we will get over two-thirds
of q crop of cotton-corn is full, and
think we are pretty safe for corn-breao
Little Willie, son of Benz. Shirley, aged
about nine or ten years, was accidentally
shot with pistol by small boy, son OF
Mr.. Carroll, on last Friday. 1t seems
that the pistol was lying on the mantle,
and, in some way, the boy discharged the
pistol while looking for something on
the mantle. Shirley's boy, being. in the
house, the ball took effect in the back Of
the head, ranging downward, from the ef-
fects of which he died Saturday night.
Mr.. Shirley has the heartfelt sympathy OF
this entire community. About two years
ago an older. brother to the one killed was
run over by freight train-or part OF it
and had one of his legs cut of.
1t does look like we ought to have q
law to prohibit the careless handling OF
pistols and guns, for there are too many
accidents happening every year from
carelessness.
Mrs. Rebecca Russell, relict Of the late
VIM. Russell, of Pickens County, died
here on last Tuesday night, and was
buried near Central, in Pickens County,
on Thursday.
Water is very low in the river now.
The work of raising the dam is done on
the main part of the dam, and will soon
be done on the canal walls. after which we
will have two and one-half feet more head
on the water wheels.