davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13
SOCIAL LIFE TOK FARMERS.

If it be true, as has been frequently
urged, that agriculture is the basis of
all wealth, prosperity and luxury, the
current issue OF the Forum contains an
article that should prove of universal
interest. The writer is John W. Book
walter; his subject the eocial needs Of
the farming classes. Like many an
other thoughtful student Of recent con-
sus figures, not only in our own country
but in others, the author has not failed
to be impressed with the intensely sig
nificant increase of urban communities
at the expense OF the rural population.
Year after year our cities are draining
the Drawn and the sinew of the country
districts. Stalwart sons and rosy
checked maids are leaving the old home
steads with their independence, their
health-giving qualities and their prom
Use, for the smoky air Of cities and the
cabined, cribbsd, confined atmosphere
of factories and workshops. The tide of
exodus is one that threatens the best
interests of the future manhood and
womanhood Of this country. ell fares
the land, to fastening ills a prey. whore
wealth accumulates and men decay"
When he has told of the unrest and
the loneliness that befog the life of the
country farm, the writer in the Forum
believes that he has laid his finger on
the ulcer Of agricultural discomfort. Ac-
cording to his experience, it is, more
than any other causes, the absence OF
social advantages and the dreary round
of farming life that are responsible for
the dram on the agricultural popula-
ton. With this belief in Wow, his
remedy speaks for itself. lie would
group the farming population into set
Elements. A tract of $4,000 acres, for
example, he would subdivido into eighty
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13
THE SHADOWGRAPHER.
We are in receipt of TIE following com

NE are IN receipt OF tke following COM
munioation:
OFFICE OF III
BRowNING-IowEIL CONSOLIDATED COM
PANy FOR THE PROMOTION OF CuI,- !
TUKE LIMITED
Telephone 223. BosroN, Mass, Sept. l.
Gable Address: "Foolkiller.'
DEAR SIR: We desire to establish a
branch house in the west. What facilities
can be had in Helena? Our Nh. Browning
tells us that it is the richest COVE on earth,
barring Boston, and therefore should be q
good place for Il culture factory. We have
observed that wealth and culture do not go
hand in hand except in Bogton. We would,
of course, expect generous assistance from
your citizens. Probably they would pur-
chase a lot, erect a building und give it to
us rent free for ten years, with the option
Of purchase at the end Of that time. This
is merely n suggestion. We have received
a similar offer from Butte, mt would pre-
fer Helena. Our experience has been thnt
u lphur amoke in time removes tho polish
on tablets of fame, such rs we propose to
make in quantities from 1000 to ,20Oa day.
Kindly bring the matter up before the
Board Of Trade. Yours truly,
GEORGE HENRY I~oNGFELLow, JR,
+. S. Kindly advise US about the present
status of culture in Helena.
Since receiving the above latter We have
made diligent inquiries, and have con-
denssd our reply to Mr.. Longfeilow in az
few words az possible consistent with our
culture.
First Culture on tho Helena exchange
was quoted at $3.50 yesterday. with but
little left in the market. 1t il we'll de-
veloped, can be easily, shipped, and has
been a good dividend payer for come time.
1t assays forty-two ounces in gold, and $50
III silver. Would exchange 800 shares for a
we'll matured rancho on Helena avenue,
near Bozeman.
Second-We informed Mr.. Longfellow
that his idea about culture in this city were
somewhat vague. doubtless through his use
of a Boston field glass. With true western
push we have picked up culture as fast as
money could buy it, and in this respect our
local saloonkeepors are entitled to much
credit. They have shown their interest by
reducing the price Of beer to five cents,
which we believe is the Boston price. Fiji
tsen-cent beer is sold only in a few ohenp
groggerios outside the city limits. Another
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13

THE railroads have made a rate of one
and one-fifth fare for the round trip. from
all points ia the state, to tho meeting of
democratic clubs in Helena one week
from tomorrow. Indications are that
there will be large delegations from Liv-
ingston, Bozeman, Great Falls, Mis-
soula, Deer Lodge, Boulder and other
where live clubs have been organ
lied. Let every democrat who car spare
the timo come along and help form the
league of clubs.
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13

evidence ID the fact that yellow china Ar
becoming moro aud moro popular svcry day
with those who can accumulate Thorn. Oul
local faro dealers are doing what thcy cai,
In this direction. They pay ready money
for all that arc turned In. We understand
that In Boaton, when 4 stack OF chips ID
Dashed, the dealer gives = thirty days note.
Third-There arc other Indications that
culture IL In a good healthy condition In this
city. We had our frat big circus In Helena
this summer and the attendance was large;
We have a ahow every night in the year with
a ball attachment, and there 10 already talk
of a chain with IL. In this connection We
may add that tho proprietor, Chicago Joe,
informs us that she will head . aubacrip-
ton for Mr.. Longfsllow's scheme with a
cash subs sri,tion Of $50. With commend
able enterprise she says that as a taxpayer
abe will do anything to help the town along
and put moro money In circulation.
In a large number OF interviews We found
but few who we're unwilling to aid this en-
t~erprise. There are always a few old moss
backs forever standing out against public
improvements. One of them said: mo, !
don't want anything to do will II. This
culture business is killing the town now.
My, I understand these fellows are talking
of paving Main street. We didn't have
none of this rot before the railroads came"
This is the substance of our investiga-
ton, except q brief talk with Major Walker.
who promised to call the Board OF Trade
together to consider the matter. He
thought the cracker factory matter would
have to be disposed of first, though he had
no doubt that a culture establishment
worked on an economical plan and furnish
ing the right kind of culture for home con-
sumption could be made to pay from the
start. He added. moreover, that Montana
has the best marble in the world for the
kind of tablets MIR. Longfeilow proposes to
manufacture.
~
George b. Child, the we'll known ranch
man, came in from Kenwood yesterday and
left q dozen fine ranch eggs on our table.
NV
The paving OF Main street has received
exasperating setback. We all sup
posed that the matter was settled and that
the street would be paved with wood, but
is now learned that Col. Walker. OF the
Hotel Helena, and a syndicate OF local MIL
lionaires have decided to make a bid to the
council to pave the street with Montana
sapphires. They say that such a paving
would last longer and would advertise the
town in the east.
~
We have observed that the Montana club
has taken to the use of quill pens. The
managers say that they propose to patron
ise home industries from now on.
~
Our dispatches yesterday intimated that
NJ. b. Curtis. "Sam'l of Posen." had killed
q San Francisco policeman. We are author
ICED to announce that Col. G. D.. Curtis, who
ed the Cheyenne expedition, is in no way
to this man. He says that Helena is
good enough for him.
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13
A BIG ENT.
Pleasant Change in the Front of an Ilstab'
Iished Grocery Hnusn.

Pleasant Change in the Front of an Estab-
lished Grocery House.
While all the old landmarks on Main
street have not disappeared, some OF them
are taking on a new appearance. The latest
change is in the ront of tho grocery store
Of Turner u Co., on Main street, opposite
the foot OF broadway. Tho entrance has
just been romodel!ed by putting in two
large recess windows, which will give this
we'll known and popular house an oppor-
tunity to make n fine display of their goods.
In the front of the two windows there have
been placed two large plates of glass, each
72xll4 inches. and on the recess sides the
glasses arc n)xllt inches. The improve
ment mas made quite n change in tho APP
pearance of the store, and speaks well for
the onterpriseo this popular grocery honse.
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13
HELENA, MONT, SEPT. 1s. 1891.

eN-Montanians abroad will always find TIN
DAILY I~NpxrENpENr on Tile At their favoritc
hotels: Fifth Avenue and Metropolitan, New
York; West, Minneapolis; Baldwin and Palace,
tan Franchises; Mcpsrmott, Butte; Leland Hotel.
pprine6eld, Ill.
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13

THE Seattle Post-Intelligencer, in it's
comment on the converting of the irri-
cation convention in Salt Lake on Tues
day, speaks within bounds when it says:
1.-The subject of scientific irrigation,
which is to be considered at the Utah
convention, is yet in its infancy of ex>
pertinent in the United States, but those
who have given it the most reflection
believe that within the next decade the
farmers of all the older portions Of the
country will be as careful to irrlgate
their land as they are to pillow it now. 1t
is true that tho average farmer outside
Of the arid region of the United States
maintains that he needs no irrigation to
raise a crop; but scientific irrlgationists
answer that this average farmer for the
lack OF irrigation at the proper time
now gets a full crop only once in five
years, whereas, if he overcame drought
as a factor in crop failure, he would, if
he otherwise farmed we'll, get a full crop
every year, barring the possibility Of loss
through hail storms, early or late
frosts or floods. The states of the Mis-
sisslppi valley with a full crop ought to
raise forty bushels of wheat to the acre,
while tho average yield in the United
States is but twelve bushels. There are
places in the United States where the
yield Las been So-fold, as in Utah; 49,
fold, as in Montana, neal Helena, in
1876; or 20 to G5-fold, as in the irrigated
parts Of Texas. The average yield of
potatoes in the United States is 1872
bushels per acre, but in the state Of Col
orada a yield of LOCO bushels has been
obtained. The average yield Of onions
is 100 to $50 bushels, but IN the Pecos
valley 800 to 1000 bushels have been
produced. Oats range from 90 bushels
to 10 bushels. and other crops in pro-
portion"
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13

aero holdings. All the owners should
reside in a central village, where they
might have opportunities for social and
Intellectual recreation and improve
ment, and whore tho young men and
maidens might have reasonable hopes
Of securing some of tho educational adj
yantages only attainable by united
effort. For their elders, life would run
more easily. when a common bakery, a
common laundry, and q general water
supply reduced individual labor and OK.
pense with the gratifying addition or
more satisfactory results.
While we have every respect for he
practical authority Of the writer, and
while we are prepared to admit that
there is much Of truth in the reasons he
advances to account for the prevalent
distaste for country life, we are Inclined
to believe that he somewhat exaggerates
the ills he speaks of and that he fails
to take into account others that enter
into a satisfactory solution Of the ditli-
Guilty. Bo that as it may, his suggested
remedy is one that should meet some OF
the evils of the base. 1t is not original.
Many years ago Ingersoll addressed the
farmers Of Illinois in u stirring speech
to the same purpose. He earnestly adj
yocatea the village system and spoke
with enthusiasm of the benefits Of read
ing rooms with a supply of the best pa
pers and magazines and plenty Of books.
The young men and m
might cultivate music. "You can"
he said to the farmers, you
can have social gatherings, you can
from each other, you can discuss
all topics Of interest, and in this way
you can make farming a delightful bus
You must keep up with the age.
Your business must be made attractive,
and it never can be until the farmer has
prosperity, intelligence and leisure"
Words of solid, practical common-sense
and. If the farming interest had not al
ways been the most conservative OF all
conservatives, no doubt the scheme
would have run the gauntlet OF practi-
cal operation years ago.
The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-09-13

me Eco Hive is opening up their immense line
OF Isli AMI W nter underwear which will 10 sold
1T tneir usual bargain prices. Can suit everyone.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-11-13

bait, are therefore to be preferred. Adams
is said to have been the first to recommend
the use of blue glass, but they were at
first more widely used in Germany, chiefly
through the Recommendations of the great
oculist Crate of Bohm and others. The blue
color of glass is chiefly to be recommended
because It sbsorbs those rays in their pas
sage which belong to the yellow and orange
portion of the spectrum, in which the great
est brightness and greatest heat are con-
centrated, and the eyes, especially weak
ones, consequently greatly protected by
the blue color, while rays which such
eyes are able to bear obtain access. The
material for blue glasses. which has to be
made in various shades to suit individ-
uAf eyes, is somewhat less hard than that
employed formerly for green spectacles,
aud is also inferior in that respect to
white glass, but it has gained in durabil-
Ety compared with former descriptions of
glass.
Still greater is the progress recorded in
the manufacture and hardness of smoked"
glass, also used for protecting the eyesight.
This kind of glass, which is colored gray
or mouse colored by the addition of man
ganese, formerly suffered from toofgreat
softness by the addition of large quanti-
ty of lead; but the best manufactures now
made are nearly equal to white glass in
point of hardness. The object of smoked
glass is to reduce the glare of light without
segregrating colors.
Spectscles are also made of intensely
yellow glass, but the use of this glass is
almost exclusively confined 10 glasses en-
ployed for firing purposes. Yellow glass
extinguishes completely all other colors,
and this is still suitable in cases where dis
tinctiveness of objects aimed at is of prime
Importance
Morning journal and courier., 1891-11-13
DO NOT ASK FOR LEISURE.
The More We Do, the More We Ar
Capable OF Doing.

The More We Do, the More We Are
Capable OF Doing.
from the New York Ledger.I
The most fallacious ideas prevail respect
ing leisure. People are always saying to
themselves:
"T would do this and would do that, if
I had time"
There is no condition in which the
chance of doing any good is less than in the
condition of leisure.
The man fully employed may be able to
crafty his disposition by improving him
self or his neighbors, or serving the public
in some useful way; but the man who has
all his time to dispose of as he pleases has
but a poor chance indeed of doing so. To
do increases the capacity of doing;snd 1t Is
far less difficult for man WHO'S in habl-
tual course of eIertion to exert himself a
little more for an extra purpose than for
the man who does little or nothing to put
himself into motion for the same end.
There is reluctance in all things to be set
going; but when that is got over, then
everything goes easily enough.
So it is with the idle man; in losing the
habit, he loses the power of doing. But q
man who is busy about some regular en-
ployment for a proper length of time every
day can very easily do something else dur
ing the remaining hours; indeed, the recre-
alton of the weary man is apt to be buster
than the perpetual leisure of the idle. AS
he walks through the world his hands hang
unmuffled and ready by hissside, aud he
can sometimes do more in single touch in
passing than an idle man is apt to do in 6
| twelvemonth.
Let no man cry for leisure in order TO dc
anything. Let him rather pray that he
may ever be useful. If he really wishes tc
do any good thing, he will always find time
for it by properly arranging his other EN-
ploYments.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-11-13
THE WEEKLY JOURNAL
Is PUBLISHED
EVERY THURSDAY MORNING.
One Dollar per Year, Gin Advance
Single Copies cents.
ALYNN EXPERIMENT.


We noticed the other day the late P. T.
Bsrnum's advice to the young to learn
stenography and typewriting and the
Boston Herald's suggestion that these use
full arts be taught i'll all the public schools
as a part of the system. 1t appears that,
without making any fuss, Lynn, Massa-
chusetts, has been doing a good deal in
the stenographing and typewriting line.
The evening schools in Lynn have given
instruction in shorthand for six years,
and in the use of the typewriter for one
year, the present class taking such in
struction numbering seventy. Many of
the pupils have filed positions in a way
that has reflected very creditably upon the
character of the instruction, as well as
upon the manner in which they have de-
voted themselves to such study. The
English high school has given instruction
in stenography and typewriting for over a
year, the present number of pupils in this
course being thirty eight. The Lynn
school department to-day owns eight type
writer's, and the teachers and school COM
mittee consider stenography and type
writing one of the most useful kinds of
instruction which can be given in the pub
lie school.
This is decidedly interesting, but the
''educators' of this country may well
pause before they commit themselves to
the work of making everybody who goes
to school stenographer and typewriter.
AS we said the other day, the schools now
devoted to these two arts already turn out
more poorly equipped graduates than there
is work for.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-11-13

Selkirk ranges of Canada, has this season
set out for Central Africa. He writes
home from one of his camps on the way
to Lake Tsnganyiks that some people told
him in England that it would require at
least $25, 900 to fit out a pleasure expedi-
ton to Lake Tanganyika. He says he
would undertake to go from England to
that Central African lake and back for
$1,000, and that the expense could be
still further reduced if there were more
than one white man in the party to share
the cost.
Those who have but one suit of clothes
q year will be interested in the following
opinion given by hotel man in New York
city: The modern fashionable hotel will
not be complete in future without special
rooms for Wallets. The newest system in
this line now is double closet. The guest
goes to bed at night leaving his raiment
hanging in special closet abuttirg on the
corridor. In the morning the valet comes,
unlocks the door opening ON the corridor,
takes out his masters clothing, prepares it
in a special apartment set aside for the
purpose, and returns it to the closet with
out disturbing his employer. The system
of double doors is used in these closets, so
that no noise reaches the sleeper. The
closets are large enough to accommodate a
mans entire wardrobe, and there is tab
let upon which he can describe the outfit
he desires to wear the next day. When he
gets up in the morning everything is in
readiness for him.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-11-13
Curious Rain showers,


We find frequent mention in old writer's
of blood rain, which was supposed to fall
only at rare intervals, and to portend some
dire calamity. This is no other than red
rain, which, with red snow, is a perfectly
natural as contradistinguished from sup
ernatural phenomenon, and is caused by
various substances-plants, animalcules,
and minerals-ininitely small, which gath
cred into the air by the wind, mingle with
rain globules in such untold quantities, as
to completely hide the original color. Some
years ago there fell shower of red rain at
Bristol, which, on examination, was found
to derive its color from the seeds of ivy
berries which fell with it. Pollen showers,
vulgarly called yellow or sulphuric rains,
are comparatively common; some are the
pollen of the Scotch fir; and one extraord-
mary fall of this kind of rain, which took
place during the night, was phosphores-
cent, and greatly alarmed the beholders
One afternoon we are told by DIR. Thomp-
son, in his Introduction to Meteorology,'
the wooded part of Morayshire appeared to
smoke and for time fears were enter
tanned that the fir plantations were on fire
A smart breeze suddenly got up from the
north and above the woods there appeared
to rise about fifty columns of something
resembling smoke, which wreathed about
like wsterspouts. The atmosphere now
calmed, and the mystery was solved; for
what seemed smoke was, in reality, the
pollen of the woods. Readers of the Orig
in of Species will readily understand the
Importance of this distribution of pollen
in the fertilization of the FIR trees. Show
cas- of "manna," like that, presumably,
which saved the children of Israel in the
wilderness, are frequent, and consist of an
esculent lichen, which, in times of famine,
has done good service in the preservation
of a whole people. In 1915, a lake in the
south of France suddenly became patch
work of red, violent, and grass green, which,
on examination by Klkproth, was found to
have been caused by Myriads of various
oolored animslcules.
Black rain is another curious phenome-
non which has not yet been prperlysand
adequately explained. There fell on the
23d of November. 1919, a remarkable black
shower at Montreal, accompanied by ap-
palling thunder. The fall had been preced-
ed by dark and gloomy weather over the
whole of the States and Canada, ard, when
Montreal itself was visited, the whole city
became dark; the atmosphere appeared as
if covered with thick haze of dingy
orange color, and the rain which fell had a
thick and dark inky appearance, and seemed
to be impregnated with some black sub
stance resembling SCOT.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-11-13
ORGANIC.

"We must have an organ to support us, !"
as the man said to his monkey.-Baltimor
American.
The study of bee culture is of no earthly
use to man who has the hives.-Pitts-
burg Dispatch.
It's bad enough to bite off more than you
can chew, but it's worse to try to chew it.
Detroit Free Press.
Jagson says it puzzles him to think that
q standing advertisement must run all the
time.-Elmira Gazette.
Five things are essential to success in
life. One is a good wife; the four others
are money.-Richmond Recorder.
$50 your son has been starring as an
actor, Mr.. Cashcounterl" eyes" ''Do
tell me about him! Who is supporting
hime" tI am. m."-Baltimore American.
Teachsr-For what was George Wash
ington noteda
questioned about his family tree.-Brook-
lyn Life.
"You said Sohker was quite active in
your campaign"
eyes" replied the defeated candidate.
'In what capacity9"
"About gallon a day."-Washington
Star.
Before the Flood-Noah-I think, my
dear, we will go into the ark tomorrow.
Mrs. Noah-Whyi
Noah-I see the paper predicts light
local showers, followed by clearing wealth
er.-Life.
Latin Professor-Mr. Poke, give some
English derivatives illustrating the differ
ence in meaning between post and ante.
Mr. Polke-Well-er-e penny
post and penny-ante they're quite differ
ent.-Life.
"Now that You have consented" said
the happy young man, 81 must see your
mo" replied the radiant girl. "You
mention it to mamma. What she says
goes. brooklyn Life.
A Judge of the Supreme court has de-
cided that the term "home" means simply
a shelter and not support. In that Wow
of the subject one would realize more do
mestic comfort from an umbrella than
from lamp -post.-Loweu Courier.
Uncle Ebony-It looks ter me powerful
| like I'd hab to git married, sab, unless
something happens.
Chubberly-Unless what, Unclei
Uncle Ebony-Unless / gets tolersbly
decent suit O. clothes from a gentleman of
about your size, sah.-Clothier and Fur
| nisher.
Ben Away hear you were married tc
Miss Goode after 1 went away.
| Benedict-Yes.
| "Whatever became of that girl you were
| engaged to before that. mean thai
| Thompson girl. I was glad you broke
| it off, for she was not half good enough
| for you, I'm sure What became of her.
II married her when my first wife died
| Boston News.