The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1891-11-20
GATHERING SEEDS FOR THE PEOPLE.
How the Department Of Agriculture OBJ
| tains Seeds for Distribution.

"a VeVJN0 oeeOo VOV IT'S VeOVees
How the Department Of Agriculture OBJ
tsins Seeds for Distribution.
Congress appropriates 100000 for
the purpose Of buying seeds annually.
1t costs $50, 1000 to put up the product
and ship 1t from Washington, SO that
only $40, 900 is actually devoted to pay
ing for the material distributed. In
June and July special agents travel
about inspecting the crops which the
seedsmen are raising. They select what
they want by sample, and in Novein-
Der they journey around again and
make their contracts.
The seedsmen do not usually pro-
duce their stock in trade on their own
land. They hire the use Of extensive
tracts from farmers-sometimes such a
plantation will include thousand
acres-paying so much an acre and
supplying the seeds to be planted. On
their part the farmers contract to de-
liver the crops obtained, husked or
thrashed, cleaned and in good condi-
ton. It is agreed that they shall do
all the labor and that the parties Of
the other part shall be permitted to
examine the fields at any time and
weed out all 'rogues," which are
plants of inferior varieties such as will
creep in.
In summer time, when the crops are
growing, special agents come along.
To them each scotsman shows not his
green fields, but his trial garden"
wherein he cultivates few specimens
of each choice vegetable that he is en-
gagged in propagating. The govern
ment buyers look the stock over, de-
eide in a general way as to what they
want to purchase and go away, to re-
turn in the late autumn and give their
orders after inspecting the seeds in the
bins.
These seed farms are scattered all
over the United States. Cabbage seeds
are nearly all grown on Long Island,
elsewhere in New York state and in
Connecticut. Farmers believe that
they need salt air. OF caulifower seeds
the same remarks may be repeated.
Peas for seed all come from the neigh |
borhood of Traverse, Mich, and Mani
towoc, Wis. Those got from elsewhere
are always apt to have little worms in |
them, but the flies of which these |
worms are the Larvae do not live in the |
region mentioned. Beet seeds are
nearly all imported. Carrot seeds
come from the far west, especially from
California, in which state are also pro-
luced most of the lettuce seeds and the
best. Corn and onions for seed are
raised all over the country, and the
'ame is true of the seeds of melons
Cucumber seeds come from Nebraska,
Wisconsin and Missouri.
Onion seeds are gathered by going
through the fields and cutting off the
'ods at the tops of the stalk, tying
hem in bundles and thrashing them
tut on canvas. Beans are allowed to
tand in the field until they are yellow,
lfter which they are stacked up until
hey are perfectly dry and thrashed
tut. Peas are permitted to get dry
md hard in the rows, and then are
AIKEN to the barn for thrashing. To
ret cabbage seeds the stalks which have
,rown one year must be planted the
,ext, when they run to seed. The same
8 true of carrots; the roots which have
developed in one season are put in the
,round the next and go to seed. ]
The flower seeds which the depart
nent distributes are nearly all imported
rom abroad, where vast farms are de-
7oted to raising them. They have to
,e purchased from the big seed houses.
Is is the case with the vegetable seeds,
hey are all tested before being sent
tut. For this purpose curious little
window garden is maintained at the
eed barn, which consists of two good
lied pans about four inches deep.
Across the pans wires are laid in pairs,
With folds of cheesecloth hanging be-
ween each pair into the water, of
which the pans are half full. The
eeds are sprinkled along in the folds
# cheesecloth and quickly terminate,
heir roots making their way through
he fabric in dense network. Some
lines vegetables thus grown in the
'ans have actually produced peas,
'eans and other things big enough to
at. Any one who cares to get up such
window garden as this at home will
70 well repaid for the slight labor in
olved. Washington Star.