News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1891-01-15

New York Herald to set out on any I'M
usual enterprise would be acc3,.tad as
carrying with it all sorts CT means neces-
sary to success. Cf gold there would
surely be no lack-gold, the key to every
fastness. Yet with all the resources poured
out without stint, the Livingstone Relief
expedition fell back again and again upon
the ''power of human nature" lodged in
the leader.
1t is only through following day by day
the experiences of Stanley that the mind
can grasp the trials and difficulties of this
mission, which Stanley himself declares
was only child's play beside his later
achievements. On the day of dispatching
his last caravan from Zanzibar his routine
labors ended, and with less than 200 fol-
lowers, and but twentyfour Of them fight
ing men, he entered the wilderness of
Africa bound for an adventure of the most
daring type. He was u young man, and
his strong constitution Weathered the fe-
vers which attacked him as soon as he en-
tered the region of swamp and desert.
After the fever the next great obstacle in
the way of progress on an errand of this
nature is the Arab element. These power
full, Enthusiastically and rapacious people
are not to be avoided on any practicable
route of travel, and while hostility with
them means defeat, alliance is almost as
fatal Stanley fell in with a caravan that
soon bccame involved in n bitter war with
native bandits that disputed the route to
Uiiii, where Livingstone was supposed
to be.
The chief of the robbers, Mirambo, after
accepting heavy tribute from the Arabs,
coolly told them to turn back, for no Arab
should pass across to Ujiji except over his
dead body. Stanley led his men into battle
in aid of his fellow travellers, and the strong
hold of the bandits, ZimbizO, was carried
and Mirambo's forces scattered. But the
ungovernable Arabs rushed wildly in pur-
suit of the savages and soon met with a
stunning defeat. The Arab leaders then
decided to abandon the route, but Stanley,
although some of his best men deserted, set
out toward Ujiji on another road. The
Ara3s used every means to thwart this new
enterprise, but the stout hearted leader
gathered a company of fifty-four men, in
Guiding natives, and started to find Liv-
ingstonc or die in the attempt.
In short time twenty men deserted in a
body, and then the remainder mutinied.
Facing their ready weapons, Stanley COW
cred the strongest man among them with
his rifle and quelled the mutiny ON the
spot. The waver of a. muscle would have
cost his life, but his GOODNESS restored or
der, and he went ahead and found Living
stone. This was in 1871. Stanley's next
expedition began in 1874, and was organ
lied to complete the labors of Livingstone,
who had died meanwhile, and solve the
mystery of Lake Victoria. He made his
way from Zanzibar to the lake with the
usual trials of desertion and sickness, and
was rewarded by valuable discoveries as to
the headwaters of the Nile. From Victoria
he advanced to Ujiji, followed in Living
stones tracks around Lake Tanganyika,
and then started on his remarkable trip
down the unknown river, the Congo. His
predecessors in this field had been unsuc-
cessful Stanley arranged with an Arab
trader, Tippoo Tib, to furnish armed allies,
carriers and guides, and with 146 men of
his own expedition started from Nyangwe
in November, 1876.
In a few weeks the Arab escort gave up
in despair in face of the difficulties, sick
ness and hostile natives, and Stanley again
set out alone. The Arabs contended that
the vreat river flowed north and in no
other direction, but Stanley insisted that
it was the head of the Congo. Within the
next two months the expedition made the
wonderful passage of the cataracts, and en-
gagged in battles almost daily with the
natives. Thirty-one pitched battles took
place between Nov. "a, 1876, and Feb. IA,
1877. On this last date occurred the hard
est battle Of the series, that with the
Bangala On approaching the land of the
Bangala Stanley expected friendlinesS, hut
these people had never seen a white man
and would receive no offers of peace. The
expedition was moving in canoes, and be-
fore landing could be made for defense
the party was assailed by force of sixty
three boats with over 800 warriors. Stan