The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1891-05-02
solENoS AND INDUSTRY.


$4,000 tons each. Eheir speed is to be %
knots an hour, which will enable them
TO make the trip between Queenstown
and New York in five days and eight
hours They will cost $1,000, 900 apiece.
The wages Of servant-girls in En-.
gland are much lower than in the
United States. Hotel chamber-maids
in the best houses receive about ninety
dollars year, with fortnight's vaca-
ton, while family servants have less
than this.
Cloth is now being made from wood
in Manchester, N. H. Strips of fine
grained wood are boiled and crushed be-
tween rollers, and the fibers having
been combed into lines equally distant,
are spun into threads, from which cloth
can be woven in the usual way.
The disinfection of passenger cars
| is receiving the serious attention of for
eign railway companies, and action in a
similar direction would not be amiss in
this country. Owing to the tenacity Of
disease germs, it is wholly unknown as
to how much they are disseminated by
our luxurious upholstered sleepers and
coaches.-Railway Age.
Says Philadelphia surgeon: Gun
less dog be suffering from hydro
phobia his bite is easily cured, but the
bite of a cat at any time is serious
matter and will cause death sooner
than wound inflicted by any other
animal. A cats claws also infict
wounds which may result very seri-
ously."
The Sugar Beet notes as one of the
guarantees for the success of the sugar
beet plant at Grand Island, Neb., that
special arrangements have been made
with the three railroad lines passing
through that point to deliver beets from
the surrounding country at a nominal
cost of few cents per ton per one
hundred miles,
Germany has now fourteen separate
basic Bessemer steel establishments
with thirty-siX converters, with five
now building; Austria, three plants
with seven converters; Russia, one with
two converters; Belgium, two estab-
lishments, four converters; France, five
works, comprising thirteen converters;
England, six plants, with twenty-five
converters; North America, one plant,
two converters. The total yearly out
put will be 1,196, 600 tons.
"A German statistician says that
| there are 1885 paper mills in the world,
and that of the 1904, 900, 600 pounds of
paper turned out annually, half is used
for printing, 100000, 900 pounds being
required for newspapers alone, the con-
sumption of which has risen by 200, 0OO,-
600 pounds in the last decade. He al
lpupC hat Eel,
man uses annually 1115 pounds of
paper, an American 1O14, German 8, a
Frenchman 713, an Italian or an Aus
trian 81, a Spaniard 115, Russian 4,
and Mexican 2.-Scientific American.
"A large steel sailing vessel has re-
Gently been built in Norway among
whose fittings is patent oil distributor,
by which oil can be thrown upon the
waves during severe storms. Within
the vessel there is an iron reservoir
from which a pipe extends alongside of
the vessel near the water line and as
close to the bow as possible. A valve
in the pipe close to the reservoir regu-
lates the distribution of the oil. This
is probably the first case in which pro-
vision for throwing oil upon the waves
has been made from the first designing
and building of vesseL-Railway Re-
view.
Marcy, a noted French psychologist,
has for many years devoted considera-
bic attention to the flight of birds
Numerous instruments have been de-
signed and used by him to determine
the muscular power of the wings and
their form of motion, the deviation of
the body of the bird, and other similar
points. With the advent of instantane-
GUS photography he has succeeded in
obtaining full and complete views of
birds at exactly timed intervals of fight,
and in order to facilitate the conception,
relief figures in wax and later in bronze,
We're made which gave a complete rep
resentation of the motions in flight.
Experiments have recently been
made at the department of aerial navi-
cation for military purposes at Calais,
France, with the idea of ascertaining
the properties of aluminium when alloyed
with other metals in small proper
tions. The results We're remarkable
and of no little Importance, inasmuch
as it was demonstrated that the tensile
strength of aluminium was euor-
mously increased by the addition
of copper. Taking the tensile
strength of pure aluminium as twelve
tons per square inch of section, the
strength of the alloys was found to be
as follows: Two per cent. copper, 1865
tons; per cent copper, 1919 tons; 6 per
cent, copper, 24.T tons; 8 per cent. cop
per, 22,7 tons.
The total freight tonnage of the
Great Lakes last year, according to the
census returns, was 51,20S 106 tons.
That is to say, merchandise to that
amount was shipPad and received. AS
every ton handled is counted twice, us
shipped and as received, the total
amount actually conveyed from one
point to another was about 25,600, 900
tons, In 1889, according to the Federal
commerce and navigation reports, the
total number of tons of merchandise
shipped from the United States to for
eign ports was 12,579,676 and the total
number of tons of foreign merchandise
received was II, 394, ,73S, total of 23,-
973,4l4 tons of ocean commerce. These
figures show that the commerce of the
lakes, in tons of freight carried, though
not, of course, in value of freight, is
considerably greater than the ocean
commerce of the United States s--Cleve-
land Leader.
CHINESE PIRATES.
Their Murdcrous Attacks on Ships In Chi