davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1891-12-14
The Government Rule.

There has always been more or less
controversy us to what constituted
the so.called u. S. rule for the meas
urement Of hay in the stack. To
settle this matter, says tho Reno
Journal, some weeks ago Dan Hut
faker wrote letter to Secretary Rusk
of the Agricultural Department,
Washington, and Il few days since re-
ceived an answer. In it Secretary
Rnsk stated that there was no regular
authorized rule Tor the measurement
of hay purchased by the United
States, but that they used rule of
measure that was coIu llOnly called
the u. S. rule, and by which all hay
purchased for tho Government is
measured,
1t specifies that seven foot cube,
or ;43 cubic feot, Of hay that has been
four months in the stack, constitutes
u ton, or an eight.foot cube, 5l2 cubic
feet, OF hay just stacked, is ton. A
cubic yard of we'll settled hay, he
estimates, will weigh LA pounds, aud
OF freshly stacked hay, 49, pounds.
The answer OF the Secretary OF
Agriculture settles the matter oil
what the L. $. hay measure is.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1891-12-14
County Official Paper.
ELECTIONS BY DIRECT VOTE.

Senator Wolcott, OF Colorado, who
Though nominally IL Repu blican, advo-
yates many Democratic measures, has
introduced Il bill to amend the Con-
stiJution of the United States, 80 that
United States Senators shall he elect
cd by direct vote Of the people instead
of by the Legislatures Of the several
st Ites. 49,.
This is a move in the right direc-
ton, and another would be an amend
ment to elect the President and Vice
President of the United States in u
similar manner. If President Harr-
son was sincere in his desire to have
the m ljorlty rule, and prevent gerry
Wandering, he would have recon-
mende such change in his message.
The United States claims to be
government Of the people, by the poo
pie and for the people. The majority
is supposed to rule in everything.
The greatest good to the greatest
number, that good to be determined
by the opinion Of the ma ority ex-
pressed at the ballot box" has been a
maxim Of the American people. The
power of the Government is derived
from the governed. In the case of
United States Senators, two of whom
represent 4 sovereign State in one OF
the Houses of Congress, there is no
fairer, or better way Of determining
who the people want elected than to
lot them vote direct for their choice.
1t will stop the purchase of votes in
Legislative bodies for millionaires, and
there will not be as many "waste
basket" scandals. The Senator will
then be the choice of a majority of
the people of the State he represents.
and, with the secret ballot system,
vote-buying will be reduced to
minimum.
The President should also be elected
by direct vote Of the people Of the
whole United States. Then there
would be no minority Presidents,
such as Mr.. Harrison, nor no fraud
ulent ones, such as MIR. Hay es.-- Reno
Journal.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1891-12-14

The description of Elko county
which appeared in 5h,a,;hIn,
during July ana August has been
printed and bound in pamphlet form,
and is now for salo at this Office at
the low price Of fifty cents per copy.
Buy one and set.d it TO your friends.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1891-12-14

WEEKLY INDEpENDEvT and Wee
Examiner only IS per year WIZ
chance for one OF those nagnlicci
prizes. Send in your subsoflPuY
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1891-12-14

M. Reinhart hal
lust received mi
Fall and Wintd
samples for custol|
made clothing. |
you want you
clothes made to Of
der, give him a ca
and see as fine
line Of samples q
has ever been e.
hibited in Elkd
You can get a sul
of clothes made d
order from $2l 4
up. Fit GualaII
teed.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1891-12-14
State Land Office.

Since the last report two .applica-
tions To purchase Stute lanu were
filed, embracing 30 acres.
Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1891-12-14

CASH RECEIPTS.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20

doubles. like Beta Cygni, the colors of the
two stars are exactly Complementary; that
is, if one could fuse the two stars together
and thus combine their cOlOrs the resulting
star would be white. Yet, in spite of this
apparent relation between the two stars,
many of these cOlored doubles have no
physical connection whatever; In other
words, the smaller star does not revolve
around the larger. Beta Cygni and Gamma
AndrOmeda are specially well-known ex-
amples of this
In this portion of the sky is the first
magnitude star Vega, which was also
viewed. This star is interesting. because it
Is supposed to be one OF the new class Of
excessively short-period binary stars, which
class of stars has recently been proved to
exist by spectrOscopy in connection with
photography. When we have two bodies
revolving in orbital motion one of them
does not really revolve around the other,
but both revolVe around their common GEN.
ter of gravity. When enc of them is very
much smaller than the other this common
center of gravity may be located within the
larger body, as IL is in the case of the earth
and sun; but when they are equal in mass
it is half way between them. Suppose we
have such a binary star, then, when its
cOmponents are at their greatest dis
lance apart, as seen from the earth,
one of them will be moving away
from US, aud the other toward us.
Now, stars spectrum simply consists of
the stars light dissolved into a streak of
rain bow-colored light-that is. the pris-
matte colors-which is, Of course, red at one
end and blue at the other. This spectrum
Is crossed by numerous lines, which in
dictate the presence Of yaporiZed metals in
- -7e1s 70 GAn~A Ano.o~--
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20

say that certain candidate is now pushing
himself for the position Of Interstate Com
merce Commissioner as representing the
Pacific Coast.
FILLING THE VACANCY.
SIT is matter of importance that any va
cancy on the commission shall be supplied
by some one with business experience and
representative, not of railroads, but OF the
public good do not believe that Presi-
dent Harrlson's policy will be to make an
appointment against the interests of the
public, and 1t is easy to show what the pub
lie good demands on the Pacific Coast. Yes,
the appointment of an Interstate Com
merce Commissioner is an important matter
to the Pacific Coast
THAT we need to use our water routes"
continued the Traffic Associations officer,
us evident from the experience which our
hardware merchants have had, being COM
PEELED to send American goods to Europe
ana then bring them here by water to get
living rates, on account of the combination
against California. That ought to be and is
lesson to lis, which We have in mind"
DENvER's ASSOCIATION.
The merchants of Denver are forming
traffic association modelled after the San
Ing 1t WAS shown that goods could be
shipped from San Francisco to Kansas
CITY and thence back to Denver cheaper
than from San Francisco to Denver direct.
James Patterson, Contracting Freight
Agent Of the Chicago and Northwestern, is
seriously i'll at his homo in this city.
w. IL. Meade, General Agent of the Chi
cago, ST. Paul and Indianapolis returned
to his station at Portland yesterday.
w Nj. Nelson, Contracting Agent of the
Missouri Pacific at Salt Lake, is in the city.
TELEGRAPHERs' STRIKE.
-Four operators joined the strikers yester-
day. They were stationed at Davisyille,
Benicia, Byron aud Elmira-all Western
Division men.
NJ. Head of the Detroit, Lansing and
Northern is here in a private car, accom-
panied by large party of friends.
A Texas Pacific excursion is due here to-
day with 120 people in charge of ID. G.
Waite.
L. T. Rodgers. General Freight and Pas
senger Agent of the Southern Pacific lines
in Oregon, is in the city.
l.: Nj. Fletcher, local agent of the Texas
Pacific, has gone to Southern California.
). g. Mccall of the Erie has gone north
on business trip.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20
day, as per decree of President Rodriguez

day, as per decree of President Rodriguez,
published few days since, to consider the
proposal of the Executive that the National
Government shall loan the Costa Rica Rail-
way Company the sum of e100.0 600 to enable
it to make urgently required repairs to
the line and save the company the sacri-
fees that would have to be made, owing to
the present financial crisis in Europe,
should it be compelled to raise the loan
needed in London.
The questions OF the lately decreed SUBJ
yention of 100000 to Minor c. Keith on
behalf OF his proposed new line of railway
from Jimenez to the Nicaragua frontier. and
the Maceo Immigration contract upon
which the last Congress failed to act, will
also be taken up and disposed Of
A bandit, Arrallo by name, is striking
terror into the hearts of people residing in
the suburbs of the capital of Guatemala.
His principal work so far has been the kid
mapping of the children of more wealthy cof-
fee-planters, who, of course, are always
willing TO pay a handsome reward for re-
turn Of the lost child. His last capture is
the beautiful eight-year-old daughter Of
leading merchant of the city. The police are
making every effort TO trap the bandit, but
without success as vet
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20
FROM PANAMA.
Gleanings From Late Exchanges
Received Yesterday.

From Panama exchanges of December Sd
the following are taken:
a Rio Janeiro dispatch OF November
Goth sassy Piexoto, the new executive, has
issued manifesto asking the Rio Grande
do Sui people to cease their revolution
against the Federal Government, and as
surfing Brazilians that President Fonseca's
resignation is of much benefit. The country
having thus been saved much bloodshed
Piexoto promises to reduce the national ex-
penses. and re-establish the national cred II
OF the republic.
with leading army and navy officers he was
assured OF their cooperation in his en-
deavor to keep order until Congress meets
on December 18th.
"A report from Roof November 2sth says:
There is an alarming increase of yellow
lever, which has caused to be suspended
the embarkation of the troops for the States
OF Rio Grande. Gatta ard Catalina.
The Government hopes to negotiate with
the revolters without having to resort to
force.
At Asuncion, Paraguay, the political pris-
oners OF the past revolution have been re-
leased ON bonds.
Under date Of November 18th Rio dis
patch says: The official announcement has
been made that Governor Castillo Of Rio
Grande do Sui has resigned at the request
of Fonseca.
Complete quiet obtains here now. Bust
ness has been generally resumed and affairs
are apparently in pretty much the same
shape as they we're before the declaration
OF the dictatorship by President Fonseca
There appears to be an almost universal
feeling. OF content with the solution of the
difficulties.
CENTRAL AMERICA.
A San Jose dispatch of November 18th says:
Congress will meet in special session to-
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20

line 1900 level Is out 43s feet; face In Dor.
phyry. The east crosscut from the wlnze sta
tion 14o0 level Is out 20 feet; face in por-
phyry. The east crOsscut on the south line
400 level is ont 10 feet; face 10 porphyry.
CHoLLAR-The south drift from the incline
station is advanced total length OF 555 feet;
face in porphyry. Extracted and sent to mill the
past week. 440 tons OF ore; average battery
assays. SIT to S2l per ton.
SIERRA NEvADA-West crosscut 1 from the
northwest drift $50 leyei, 571 feet from the
shaft, advanced 30 feet, total distance Of I46L
feet; face In norphyry.
GOULD & CURRY-200 level-Southeast drift
from east orosscut l, 35 feet from top OF Up-
raise from 300 level, has been advanced Is feet
through hard porphyry and punches OF quartz;
total LENGTH 33 feet. SIxty-fve feet above the 200
level, north drift from upraise from 200 level
has been extended distance OF % feet through
porphyry, clay and buncnes Of quartz showing
some value; total length. 135 feet.
BEST BELCHER-1000 level-Upraise has
been carried up 95 feet through soft porphyry
and seams of clay.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20

Diagram shouting Cdssfopeias Chair and Clusters
In Perseus.
the stars atmosphere. We can, by certain
experiments. determine the position these
lines should have were the star at rest II
the star is approaching US, these lines will
be shifted toward the blue end, but, if re-
ceding, toward the red. In the case
of the double star under consideration,
the lines belonging to one of the
stars will be shifted one way, those belong
ing to the other the opposite way. The re-
suit will be that those lines which the stars
have in common will appear double. OF
course, If the stars are in line the lines will
be single. 1t is therefore possible, by pho
tographing the spectrum a intervals. TO de-
termine the time in which its cOmponents
complete revolution. II we also know the
stars distance "a very difficult thing to de-
termne, by the way, we can calculate the
mass OF the components, and from that the
distance between them. BY this method
binary star has been found whose period Is
only four days, whereas the shortest-period
binary discovered by the old method of d.
rect observation and measurement took
eleven and half years to complete a revo-
luton.
The telescope was ext pointed to the
well-known star clusters in the constellation
OF Perseus. These have been aptly de-
scrbed by Admiral Smyth as "affording to-
gether one of the most brilliant telescope
objects in the heavens" AS both the
are cOhESe-LUaL Is, Tue stars are
rath er widely scattered-they would not be
so beautiful as many others were it not for
their great brillancy, which in the judg-
ment of many fully compensates. Their
brightest stars are of the seventh magni-
tude, and the clusters can be seen very
plainly with the naked eye on moonless
night Those who are familiar with the
constellation of Cassiopea's Chair will be
able to fnd them from the following dia-
gram, the chair being thrown upside down,
as 1t appears in the early evening The
clusters look like very bright spot in the
Milky Way.
We also saw the double star, Gamma An
dromeda. This can be easily found with
the naked eye, as it is as bright as the Pole
Star, and line drawn through two of the
stars in Cassiopea's Chair. as per dia-
gram, intersects it. 1t is usually regarded
as the most beautiful of all the doubles, the
colors being deep yellow and green, anu by
putting the telescope little out of focus
the stars can be made to appear much more
beautiful, the yellow component becoming
crimson. The smaller, or green star, is
very interesting as being at present an ex-
ceedingly close binary star. that is. for
one that can be seen by visual
observation. Not long ago 1t was
impossible to detect any elongation in the
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20
Reducing Yosemite bv Half.

The State Board of Forestry will have
bill introduced in Congress to reduce the
size OF the Yosemite National Park by about
one-half 1t is now 100000 acres, and takes
in half of Mariposa County, including about
nifty private mining claims Appropriations
will also be asked 10 establish reservoirs on
the streams supplying the falls, so that there
will be plenty of water during the summer.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20
Fell Through a Wharf.

On the oath Of March. 1890. Christian
Olsen. stevedore,. fell through wharf
owned by Nancy. Theodore and Warren
Payne, and sustained injuries from which
he died three days later His widow and
children have brought suit against the ex-
ecutors Of the Paynes for $4,000 damages.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20

A San Jose dispatch of November 18th says:
Congress will meet in special session to-
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20
Partners Disagree.

Matthew Stevenson has brought suit
against his partner, Frank Conklin, for an
accounting and to appoint receiver for the
business. He claims that Conklin has mis-
used the funds OF the firm.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-12-20

The Methodist Church in this country has
given $4,000 week for missionary work.
The advocate., 1891-09-23

clement TO the supreme court of the United
States at the earliest possible moment, that
the unhappy settlers Of that afflicted terri
tory may understand the lawful aud consti-
tutiOnal meaning of said act, and thus put
q stop to 30 much litigation and expense.
The advocate., 1891-09-23
SOcFstaFy and Treasurer.

The above figure represents the which Magnetic
SerVave Garments worn readily understood a they
not next the s have they to be dipped as The
dangerous character Of Electric Belts charged with acid and
next the skin too well known to be repeated here PROF WILL
SONS system distinct from these dangerous Copper and Zinc
Belts as pine knot In an Indians wsm TO the electric lights Of
lea aVe accdentS Magnetic Conservative Underwear
would become part the wardrobe every gentleman
as also Of infants and children
The advocate., 1891-09-23
ADDTTIONAL RHsOLUTIONe.

Resolved, That the question Of universal
suffrage be recommended 20 the favorable
consideration Of the various states and tor
Eitoriee.
Resolved, That while the party in power
in 1869 pledged the faith of the nation 10
pay debt In coin that had been contracted
on deprecated currency basis and payable
in currency, thus adding nearly one billion
dollars TO the burdens Of the people, which
meant gold for the bondholders and dgpre-
ciated currency for the soldier, and that the
men who imperiled their lives 10 save the
life Of the nation should have been paid in
money as god a. that paid TO the bond
holder, We demand the issue OF legal tender
treasury notes In sufficient amount to make
the pay OF the soldiers equal to par with
coin, or such other legislRtion as shall DO
equal and exact justice to the union soldiers
Of this country.
Resolved, That % eight hours ConstitUte q
legal days work for government employees
in mechanical departments, We believe this
principle should be further extended 90 a.
to apply to all corporations employing labor
in the different states Of the union.
Resolved, That this'ConFeronce condemns
in unmeasured terms the action Of the
directors Of the WoHld's Columbian EKposi-
ton on May 10 in refusing the minimum
rate Of wages asked for BY the labor organ
nations Of Chicago.
Resolved, That the attorney general sub
NIT the act OF March 2, 1889, providing for
The opening Of Oklahoma 10 homestead set
The advocate., 1891-09-23
The Kansas City Stock Yards
ADVOCATE.


mules They paiked
daily capacity cattle and
and Boston
And and win continue find that they their
229
The morning call., 1891-01-14
AN TN0PPORTUNE MOVE.

Among the bills Just introduced into the
Legislature is one by Mr.. Dibble OF San
Francisco amending the law of libel in the
interest of the Iibeler or backmailer. we
have not the text of the bill before us, but
Judging from the analysis furnished by the
press it would seem that it should be care
fully examined before it receives majority
vote. ANY measure tending to affirm the
freedom of the press to discuss current
events will receive the support OF HE
CALL. but when it comes to opening the
door for the publication of personal abuse
we do not see how the public interest could
be served by such changes in the law.
Here is case in point. Over in Oakland
there lived an eccentric physician by the
name of Kaufman, who believed that he
could cure disease by the use OF electricity ;
he was unsuccessful, as many doctors are
He ran into debt and found it difficult to
procure the necessaries of life. While in
this strait the Chronicle newspaper pub
lished a savage attack upon him, charging
him with being deadbeat and fraud, and
accusing him eff having led an unsavOry life
under an alias. 1t does not appear that the
publication was expected to accomplish any
good purpose; it seems to have been made
from pure malice, to annoy and injure one
whose chief misfortune was his poverty
DR.. Kaufman denied the alias. and denied
the statements in the Chronicle article,
and besought Mr.. de Young to publish his
denial. MI de Young referred him to his
managing editor. who refused all redress,
stating that DR.. Kaufman ought 10 consider
himself lucky that the Chronicle had not
published more scandals about him. On
this poor Kaufman went home detected and
halI-ciazed; his acquaintances say that he
was a changed man; he could talk of moth
ing but the cruel Chronicle article; and at
last, in a fit of despair, he swallowed a dose
Of morphine and put an end to his miserable
life.
1t is right and proper that newspaper
publications made in good faith for some
honest and worthy object should be privi-
legged, but it is not at all right that a news
paper should be suffered to hound q poor
unfortunate to his death merely to create a
sensation and to c0ncOct a spicy article, or
to eXlort money from individuals. The
public have no means of knowing whether
the Chronicles abuse Of poor. unhappy
Kaufman was or was not founded on fact
lie was undoubtedly impecuniouS and IN
able to pay his bills.
Mr.. Dibble, who is a man of intelligence
and humane instincts, viii, perhaps come
20 the conclusion that he had better post
pone his bill for the enlargement of the
privileges of the press until this kaufman
affair has blown over A debate raised by
an effort to pass his bin might lead to the
utterance Of expressions which would not be
agreeable to his friends and clients.
The morning call., 1891-01-14

of the children of women in the most luxu-
rious circles of the town is greater" The
Improvement in the physical condition of
women which the Sun claims for New York
is equally noticeable in this State. An OBJ
serving man of good stature. say five feet
eight inches, will be struck with the large
proportion of women who approach close to
his own height. 1t is not probable. how
ever, that this Improvement in the physique
Of women is due in any degree to the use of
liquor in any form. While the New England
prejudice against glass of wine does not
prevail to any considerable extent in this
State, there are comparatively few young
women who habitually drink wine The
reason for the greater stature and better
health of women of this generation as COM
pared with the last may readily be found in
the fashions of the period. Women have
discovered that it is better to possess health
and strength than to play the role of fragility,
which was almost a condition of young
ladyhood thirty years ago. They have found
out how much more enjoyment there is in
robust health chan in the ianguid insipidity
of the former period. They understand
better the laws of health and are willing to
purchase strength at some sacrifice of their
ease Young women are always charming,
but in these days men prefer fine proportions
and healthful faces to the extreme delicacy
which was the aspiration Of fashionable girls
a quarter of a century ago.