Evening journal., 1891-10-01
THE NEGRO IN THE SOUTH
He Is There to Stay, Editor
Cohen Says.
HIS CHILDREN MUST BE EDUCATED.

hA5 OAAbOALN hooA Du bUUOh lLDt
Address of the Charleston Worlds Edi-
tor at the Opening Of the Southern Ex-
position at Raleigh, n. ellis Views
ON the So Called Negro Problem.
RALEIGH, Oct LIN an address at
the opening Of the Southern exposition
here at noon today, octavus Cohen, editor
Of the Charleston World. said:
Nature has done much for the south;
man has done but little Instead of en-
ploying our remarkable advantages Of
soil and climate as steps to lead to the
pinnacle Of material progress, we have,
regret to say, simply made use Of them to
a sufficient extent to enable US to exist in
scant comfort
Right here in North Carolina, and next
door, in my native state, South Carolina,
TO say nothing of the others, which are
also greatly blessed, do you not know, and
are you not willing to admit, that II New
Englanders, with their feverish push and
keen financial instinct, possessed half our
advantages, they would have two of the
most thriving, bustling and wealthy
states in the Unions
The Education Of the Negro.
| We have lived too much within our
selves, and we must stop it Immediately.
Intercourse almost always involves edu-
cation on some point, and il must, there
( fore, be Of benefit.
You all know as well as / do that the
argument advanced in nearly every south
ern state against the school tax is that
you will be helping to educate the negro's
children.
OF course you will; and why should you
not, prayS The correct theory is that
property should provide educational facil-
tiles, inasmueh as property finda its great
est protection ia, and derives its principal
value from, an enlightened populace.
Give all Of your people in this state rea-
sonably good educations, and the appreci-
alton in the value Of property before the
/ close OF this exposition would be almost
startling. ! think every one will admit
the correctness OF this statement.
A Negro Exodus Great Calamity.
Now, if it be true, why should we desire
i to keep any portion of our population in
I ignorancei
| Isay to you now, my friends, in all earn
estness and with full appreciation Of
i the Importance Of the statement, that the
negro is with us to stay, and the sooner
we come to realization Of that fact the
better
And further, wish to express it as my
honest conviction that if this were not so,
the future Of the south at large, especially
for the next thirty or forty years, would
appear to me to be very gloomy. Any
great negro exodus means untold loss tC
our people.
Agriculture Almost Impossible.
The negro is docile and gives a better
grade OF field labor for given amount OF
money than any other nationality. In
many portions Of the SOUTH even in my
own state, agriculture is next to impossi-
ble without the negro. He wants to live
with US and continue TO ride along with
US to wealth and prosperity, and we must
make it possible for him TO do So Cli-
matically, this is his only proper home in
North America, but we are fast approach
I ing the Twentieth century, and we must
I not shut our eyes to the fact that no SEN
tient being is now willing to have his
children grow up without some education.
Therefore, let the negro have il as well as
your own children. Give lots Of It to both
of them and you will merit the "well done'
OF the civilized world, and your own off
spring will receive the direct benefit of
this liberal policy.
The Coiored Mans Political status.
On the other hand, the negro must bear
In mind that his place in the political
economy of the south is clearly defined.
He must not hope to rule here He is
incompetent to do so. He has once tried
I the experiment, and will himself admit
that it was terribly disastrous one for
the south, coming, too, as it did, close
upon the devastation and desolation of
the greatest civil war the world has ever
known.
At the same time, as / have already
said, we owe him educational facilities,
and we should give them, and with good
grace too. That he can avail himself of
them is amply evidenced by the showing
made here today in his department.
1hc Farmers Ills.
am not farmer, but / take the great
est interest in all measures suggested for
the amelioration OF the condition OF the
agricultural classes, and my observation
leads me 70 the conclusion that the two
remedies for the farmers ills are-diversity
of crops anu planting ten acres to the
mule" In other words, don't pay the
western farmer an enormous price for corn
for yourselves and your stock, when your
cotton is selling for less than the cost of
production.
Northern Capital and the South.
But above all, my friends, let us broaden
our views; let us not imagine that thes
rises and sets only in our section; let us
bear in mind that the money Of the north
and east stands awaiting the welcoming
hand, and evidence of willingness on our
part TO help ourselves, to come here to as
sist in developing our truly wonderful re-
sources let as put aside petty jealousies
in small communities; let us devote less
attention to electing this, that or the other
/ man to Office, and more to our own bust
/ ness; in short, TO borrow the vernacular Of
the day, let us make up our minds to
hustle, so that when the historian of
/ 1891 complies his records the south will be
! found TO be the busiest and wealthiest, as
/ 1t IS today the fairest most chivalric and
4 TOD blessed lana on the face of the earth.
Race Prejudice in Sunday schools.
CORTLAND, n. Y, Oct 1.-At the central
/ New York conference of the Methodist
Episcopal church Rev. A. II. Gillette. ID. ID.
detailed the workings of the Methodist
Episcopal sunday school union. During
the past ten years the Sunday schools mem
bership increased over 900 yearly. He
urged the necessity of work for the colored
race south of the Ohio river. He said that
where the race distinction was great white
people would not tolerate the presence OF
colored children in Sunday schools with
white Children At the evening session = ha