davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
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THE NEW LAND LAW.

Perhaps the most important act passed by
the Fifty-frst Congress was the act repeating
the pre-emption and timber culture land
laws. The act has been urged upon Con-
gress by successive Land Commissioners for
many years, and on several occasions il has
had narrow escape of passing. 1t was re-
served for the Fifty-irst Congress TO embody
it among the statutes of the United States.
To understand its bearing, it must be re-
membered that the original policy of the
Government was to sell the lands embraced
in the public domain to the States, or in
large blocks to land companies. Land war
rants, which were obtainable by any veteran
of the old wars, also provided for the dis
posal of a certain quantity Of land. 1t was
found, after time, that this system did not
eonduce to the settlement of the empty
places, and the Exemption law was enacted,
granting TO heads of families or TO citizens of
81 years of age the right to occupy 160 acres
OF land on paying for the same at the price
fixed by Government. This plan answered
better than its predecessor. But in practice,
it deprived men without means from ac-
curing land, and it operated to enable
syndicates to obtain control of large tracts.
Hence, about half a century ago, demand
arose for new law under which actual set
tiers could take up quarter section of land
and till it-not paying for it for limited
period. After the war Congress saw its
way clear 10 pass a more liberal law, which
is known as the homestead law. Under that
law every citizen-male or female-and ey-
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
CHINESE IMmIGRAT1oN.

The report of the Congressional Commit
tee on Immigration states with considerable
force the objections to Chinese immigration.
The recommendation that steam launches
should be employed in Puget Sound is emf
nently practical. The cost of such service
would probably be betrayed by the increased
amount of duties collected on articles now
smuggled in. Whether the cost is SO de-
frayed or not the Government should spare
no reasonable expense in keeping Chinese
out of the country. The committee is rep
resented as advising the re-enaction of the
present exclusion law. 1t is more likely
that new exclusion law was recommended.
The re-enactment of the present law would
have no force except against Chinese who
have once been IN the country. 1t compile
ments the law of 1884, but is not an excIu-
sion law in itself. Bills were introduced
into the Congress just closed covering the
whole ground These bills propose new
legislation to take effect upon The expiration
of present laws, but are not amendments to
these laws. The recommendation that an
exclusion law be enacted is enough for prac-
teal nnrnnseS.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
A SQUARE pEAL WANTED.

From an editorial in the Chronicle under
the above heading we take the following:
'sThat Mr.. Stanford's hirelings are ready to
engage in the nefariOus business Of buying
the Senatorship for an associate who viii
prove congenial to him is indisputable."
De Young complains bitterly because he
has been represented as ready to engage In
the nefarious business of buying the Sen
atorship for himself, yet the evidence
against him is compromising, TO say the
least. The CALL would like to see the
Republicans concentrate upon man who
is neither a friend nor an enemy of the rail
road company. What the people want is to
see the railroad attend to its own business
and keep out of politics. If either of two
or three men who have been mentioned
prominently in the canvass for the Senator
ship is elected tho public verdict will be
that the railroad elected him. In the pub
lie mind there is no doubt whatever of De
Youug's willingness to make terms with
the railroad company if the company will
reward him with the SenatOVship and suo-
sidize him literally He has been their
hireling in the past, and apparently asDireS
to be in the future. The CALL wants a
square deal. We urge upon the people of
California to turn a sharp corner in their
dealings with tae railroad company. Its
active support should be fatal to an aSPirant.
The company never has and never will
elect a man it cannot control. Poor Sar-
gent was killed politically because he in
sisted upon suboIdinating his service to the
company 10 his ideas of his duty to the
public. There is no reason to suppose that
any candidate the railroad now faYors Will
subordinate the company to the public vel
fare. II the railroad company is allowed to
select a Senator it will select one it can
depend upon. 1t is pretty clear now that
the use Of money in the election viii be at
tended with considerable danger. There
are keen eyes in Sacramento watching pro-
ceediGgs. The people are not in a mood to
tolerate another bargain. A man who offers
money for vote, and the man who offers
to sell his vote. will dc so at his peril
Under those circumstances would it not be
well to make virtue of necessity and elect
a Senator on the ground of general high
character and ability to do the public good
-arv-iaaO
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
POOR PAY.

Admitting that the revelations in regard
to the sale of places on the police force are
true, the men who have engaged in that
operation have worked for small pay. There
are unavoidable expenses and "diyvies"
which reduce the amount coming to each
man to n sum not at all commensurate with
the ris. run. OF course man who goes
into this crooked business expects TO make
several deals during a session. But there is
danger OF exposure attached to each deal,
and when member puts out long line of
risks he is pretty sure TO be caught Here
after when bills are introduced to add TO the
salaries or perQuisites of well-paid public
servants, the movers will be carefully scru-
tinized. OF course the more valuable posi-
ton can he made the more money it will
bring. The proposition TO pension police
men after few years of service was made
doubtless with deliberate purpose to add
to the value of positions on the force. The
idea of pensioning men who have held for
years places which hundreds OF equally Ca
pable men were striving to get would be
absurd on any other ground. In private life
people who draw prizes are not considered
fair subjects for pension.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

cry applicant for citizenship over 81 years OF
age, may take up 160 acres of land worth
81 % an acre, or so acres of land worth 81 90
an acre, and hold it for five years before be-
ing required to pay for it.
Subsequently acts were passed giving to
any settler who had planted ten acres In
trees and kept them growing for two years
a right to free patent for 160 acres, and to
a settler who had planted and kept alive five
acres in trees a right to free patent for
eighty acres. These were the timber-cult-
ure acts, which were passed between 1873
and 1878. Another act was passed about
the same time granting free patent to any :
settler who has reclaimed desert lands.
The timber-culture acts were passed to
encourage tree-planting on the treeless pral-
ries of the central valleys. Settlers took
advantage OF them TO occupy large areas OF
land. Between 1875 and 1888 nearly 10000
600 acres were taken up under the acts IN
question. 1t IS claimed, probably with JUS
tice, that in large proportion OF the cases
the object of the acts has not been attained;
that the trees planted have not lived. and
that the treeless plains are in many loeali-
ties as treeleSs as ever, though the parties
who located under the acts have got their
land.
simultaneously feeling has arisen of
late years in favor of reserying the remain
ing lands comprised in the public domain
for poor settlers, and checking the opera
tons of individuals and syndicates who
have acquired large tracts OF land under the
presumption law. That feeling has found
expression in the short act which was
passed IN the closing hours Of the Fifty
first Congress.
As matters stand now there is but one
way in which Government land can be ac-
quired. To become possessed of $50 acres
Of the public domain it is necessary to be
citizen, or to have declared ones intention
Of becoming such. 1t is not necessary 10 be
a male. 1t is necessary that the party de-
string to become the owner of the land shall
actually occupy it. and shall remain in IN
interrupted possession thereof. II is also
required that he or she shall pay certain
entry fees and expenses of survey, which
are trifing. A person who complies with
these requirements may enter upon the pos
session of the land and hold it against all
corners for period of five years, at the ex-
piration' of which time he or she must make
good their title by offering proof of con-
tinued occupation, and by paying to the
nearest Land Office 81 for a patent 1t is
still possible for syndicate by hiring
number of persons to enter land under the
homestead law, and securing an assignment
of their rights, TO obtain color Of title to
the land. But IL is much more difficult than
it was, and the danger of forfeiture on the
ground of fraud is greater.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
COMBINATION AND COMPETITION.

Some months ago morning contemporary
argued that competition was waste-that
combination was true economy. The idea
was not original with our contemporary; it
had been praeticed for years by the Stand
ard OIL Trust. and had more recently been
adopted by several other trusts. The argu-
ment in its favor is thnt under combination
expenses can be reduced to the lowest point
consistent with The work to be done. There
being no competition, the combination can
proceed leisurely. doing its work TO suit il
self, Indifferent to complaints, declining to
incur expense for the mere convenience of
its patrons and in general way proceeding
upon the assumption that if what it does is
not exactly right there is no remedy for Its
shortcomings. The address of Judge
Cooley on the occasion of the second annual
convention of Interstate Railway Commits
soners indicates that the combination theory
has made some Roadway in that commits
sion. The Chairman indicates as the main
source of the mischief of the railroad serv-
ice the power of 500 bodies of men to make
rate-sheets at pleasure. with little restraint
on the part of the law except as it imposes a
few days delay in putting new rates in
force. Judge Cooley does not say what
power should regulate rates, but his reason
ing leads up to the conclusion that such
power shOu,d be lodged in a single body.
Meantime the railroad magnates have
pretty clear idea of what they want. They
are working to organize a combination so
broad in its range Of territory and SO strong
in its methods of action that its law will be
the rule over the entire railroad system OF
the United States. These railroad magnates
propose to work ont Judge Coolcy's idea.
They will constitute themselves judges Of
what shall be fair rates, allotting TO them
selves whatever profits they may think
proper. When We reflect that these rail-
road magnates have taken from the earn
ings of the roads they control private for
tunes varying from S30,OOO,OOO 10 100000
600 each for their services, the prospect of
being exposed to their rapacity is not reas-
suring. The waste of competition is much
better than the exaetions of combination.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
WEATHER PREDICTIONS.
SIGNAL SERVICE. u. 6 ARMY !
Division OF THE PACIFIC,

-. .
DIVISION OF THE PACIFIC,
san FRANCISCO. March 8, 1879 P. NJ
Synopsis for the Past Twenty-fsur Hours.
The barometer has risen in all districts, especially
IN Northern Caiiforas and Nevada. During the
past twelve hours there has been slight fal! In
western Oregon. The barometer IS highest in East
ern Washington and lowest in Arizona The WINDS
are fresh TO brisk from the north and west IN Cali
forna, Nevada and Arizona Keeler, 20 miles
northwest; Yuma. Is northwest sacramento, II
northwest. The winds have shifted to southeriy IN
Western OREGON and Western Washington. with
heavy cloud formation and threatening weather.
The temperature has fallen IN western Washington,
Southeastern California, southern Nevada and Ar-
zona; elsewhere there has been slight rise oeea-
sIouaI rains Lave fallen in oregon, California aad
Nevada TEefolowiug oipitatiUn is reported from
Signal Service stations: Roseburg. o.; Baker CITY
trace: Winneuucca. %. San Francisco, .0l; san
Diego, trace.
Forecast Till T. VI. SATURDAY.
For Northern Cainorna-Fair weather, except
CHIT snow at WtunemUcca; north TO west winds,
fresh Is brisk nearly stationary temperature.
For Southern Cauforuia-Ialr weather; westerly
wIuEs: nearly stationary temperature.
For OREGON and Nashugton-Light rains. turning
T. sHcw ia mountains; variable winds slightly
warmer. except nearly stationary temperature in
efu-heru oregon. JoHN ?. FINtEY.
Lieutenant Nineteenth Infantry in charsel.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
ALnrre Rnnk Account.

E. J. Gaylord, alias F. }. Green. is on
trial in Judge Murphy's court charged with
obtaining money by false pretenses 1t is
alleged that Gaylord represented to J. J.
Hallnan, the proprietor of the Cremorne
Theater, that he had IN immense bank ac-
count at the Anglo Californian Bank, and
in payment for S79 worth of wines and
liquors and S15 in cash he gave check on
the bank for S94. OF course the check was
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

possible 10 deny it-uewspapers are bard on eaeh
other. The San Francisco ones ara, to say the
least Here is a case of alleged breach of trust
to the time of some $50. 900, and there is actual
iubiIanee over It. The spectacle is not edifylne.
Ii tomorrow the proprielors OF three or Tour
other newspapers here should discover frauds In
their own Offices what would they do about hF
Exactly what TIE CALL is doing.
THE CALL urges that under the boss sys-
TEN of parties justice cannot in all cases be
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

A certain Washington-street commission
house from time to time receives such odd
consignments as four-eared cats, coyotes,
coous. possums, and such like, and occa-
sionally reminds one, from the number and
variety of its collection of animals, OF a min
iature geological garden. At present il
boasts OF a six months old cinnamon beaI
ana q siX-foot Australian emu.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
REPRESENTATIONS RATEs

DAILY CALL Gncludmg sundays. ST per year by
mall. Postpaid II cents per week is cents per
calendar month through carriers DAILY CALL,
five COPIES three months. SIS %. SUNDAY CALL
sixteen pages 81 90 per year, postpaid. SUNDAY
CALL and WEEKLY CALL, 81 80 per year, post
pald. WEEKLY CALL eight pages), 81 - per year,
nuhtraid. c uhs of ten lSent 10 one addresSl. $40
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

. yrr Montgomery street. near Clay, open until II
O'Clock ?. H. BRANCH OFFICES: 40 Market
street. near Kearny open until p O'Clock midnight;
sg9 Hayes street, open until 30 O'Clock; 603
Lsrtfa street. open until so O'Clock; 25lS Mission
street, open until O'Clock T. ", and 1l6 Ninth
IL u ON -. n
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
She Is Insane.

August Ehrhorn has peiitioned for guard
ianship papers over the estate and person
of Gertrude Ehrhorn NEE Kellar) an insans
person ut present at the Stockton Asylum.
The petitioner. who is her husband. states
that her property consists of S1l64 o3 in the
Hibenia Savings Bank and $447 43 in the
San Francis co Savings Union.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
THE CALLS CALENDAR.
SATURDAY.
NOTICEl
MARCH 1891.

dry Of olr patrons rho fail to find TIE
llORNIYG GILL for sale by traiR-Joys
t-ijg confer a jaror By notifying this office OF
tlefact, naming the date and tram.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

OF Wisconsin headed the distinguished list, which
included Brown of Georgia. Farwell of Illinois,
Eustis OF Louisiana, Blair Of New Hampshire,
Payne Of Ohio, Hampton of South Carolina, Nc.
Council OF Idaho, Pierce Of North Dakota and
Moody OF South Dakota. The other Senators
whose terms expired March 4th, but who
were fortunate enough to be reelected, are Pugh
of Alabama. Jones of Arkansas, Jones Of Ne
vada, Stanford OF California, Teller OF Colorado.
Plat of Connecticut, voorhees, Of Indiana, ALI
son Of Iowa, Blackburn OF Kentucky, Vest OF
NJ is souri,, Vance of North Carolina, Mitchell OF
OREGON, Cameron of Pennsylvania, Morrell Of
Vermont and Squire of Washington. Wilson of
Maryland, who was reelected, has since died
Governor Gordon is the new Senator from
Georgia. ingalls, has been succeeded by PETER,
Eustis by White, Blair by Gallinger, Evarts by
Hill, Pierce by Hansbrougb, Payne by Brice,
Hampton by Irby. Moody by Kyle and Spooner
by Villas. There are several elections yet to be
held, including successor 10 Hearst. 1t is
however, calculated that the Republican major
ity in The Senate VIII be eight.
The announced intention OF Salisbury's Gov
ernment 10 appoint Royal Commission. TO deal
with labor questions is regarded as an election
eerlug movement. Recent Gladstonian victories
were in great measure due to lavish promises
TO the wofktngmen on matters OF labor, and the
Tories now realize that no time is to be lost in
seeking TO control the labor programme for cleo
ton purposes at the general election expected
in a little over year. The politicians begin TO
understand that the British wOrkngman has
found his power in the franchise and means to
use IT, Hence the tendency 10 make lavish
promises on both sides.
a.. ,.,-,-,-
hold Win pronia - ~ 70, LA. .,'S
-, t 80 N InI or 'iie
e.eAs '.si' 10 lhe french capilai. ne Goes hot
p o ln'' tne ieia'ious uet"een france ana
'i 'nauS "aro uee seI'ousiS tiaIueu' anu Is
i ,I '"eIc,S u'des tno empress LOT ner
liu NM. uueuee' nho i'ipae sSlon pie'Aiis that her
,io't W 'neie"y ie,l'ihE lelnuiies vi
wv .S.' 'u'o oIsouo' VI .no i'ot wa anu slege
a"" tio P'Voian"t'on vi '"o oei'"a" i-nhpiIe DIT
was, to say the least, wanting in tact.
Inc ever increasing desire 10 encourage Inter-
national iiaue has al last redcheu Tue lana oil Inc
fharoahs' commission OF EGYPTIAN merchants
having flSiltu hussia 10 sluuS hei piouuclS ana
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

AT LAST DISPOSED oF.-Tne suit for damages
and restitution brought by John Fitzpatrick
against William Sharon ct al ana instituted on
May 3, 1865. was, upon motion before Judge
Wallace, dismissed yesterday. Mission Block
% was The proper1y i'll dispute.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
EDITORIAL NOTES.

With the expiration of the Fifty first Congress
a dozen Senators retired from public life. H.
gals OF Kansas. Evarts OF New York and Spooner
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

MECHANICS INsTITUTE.-Tbis afternoon at 3
o'clocG The annual meeting OF the Mechanics
Institu viii be held in tie library building.
The annual reports viii be read and The new
Trustees installed.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
BROKEN norenouad candy, zoe ID. rownsends..
PEARS is the purest and best Soap ever made. =.

For GOODS SOLIDS. X Thornton has sued
j. Sturgeon 10 recover s456 80 for goods sold u
him by Nellman, Peck & Co.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

The AUSTRALIAN MAIL-The final Install
ment OF 100 sacks OF mail for Australia viii
arrive to-day at noon and be transferred i'm
TO the next outgoing steamer. The
mail is sent through from The East.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

UNSUCCESSFUL Observation-Disclosures entered
Ernest kaiser's saloon, &c Third street, on
Thursday evening and attempted TO break into
the safe. but were frightened away by pasSers.
by. They stole Sc from the cash drawer and
few bottles OF liquor.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

APPOINTED SOLE TRADER-Theresa Doyle
has been authorized by Judge Finn TO conduct
grocery and clearinghouse as sole trader.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

ALL arrangements OF the kidneys and liver, pains
in the back tired feelings and weakness, are cured
by Hoods Sarsaparilla. J his medicine is purely
vegetable. 1t is sold by all druggists.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

NINE JURORS ACCEPTED.-The counsel in the
Lundquist case have succeeded thus far in OBJ
tanning only nine jurors for his fifth trial
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

Spring and summer styles OF fine dress and bust.
ness bats are now ready, and are. as usual, the
nobbest In the city. Call at his elegant store
113 Montgomery street, opposite Occidental
Hotel
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07
PuBLICATIoN OFFICE:

THE MORNING CALL
rs. a larger circulation than any other
newspaper published in San Francisco.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

J.F.CUTTER's OLD BoUWBoN.-Tns celebrated
whisky is for sale by all trst-class druggists and
eTCcers. Trade mark-siar Within a shield
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

ADD 20 drops of Angostura Bitters to every glass
of impure water you drink. The genuine only manu-
featured by DR.. Siegert & Sons. ASK your druggist
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-07

NJ Plymouth Congregational Church.
~ Post ST, bet. Webster and Buchanan-Rev'
Preaching tomorrow at IL A. NJ aud I so p. NJ
Sunday-schools, $3.50 A. NJ. and 1880 P. NJ S. s.
Smith, S. j. Bufford superntendents. Christian
BndeavOr. $3.50 2. NJ. Prayer meeting, Wednesdays
at z 80 p NJ, Literary Circle, Friday, 7;45 p NJ
Cross; evening sermon, Savior Of AlI E IN sRe
body invited to all these services. Strangers wei
come. 1t
re Woodbridge PRESBYTERIAN Churcb-
Curtis, pastor, Will preach tomorrow at IL A. M
and 1880 =. NJ Sunday school and pastors Bible
class at 1890 p. NJ. Gospel meeting Wednesday
evening. 80 O'Clock. hearty welcome to all 1t
FS First Presbyterian Church, Corner
49, OF Van Ness ave. and Sacramento st.-Rev.
Robert Mackenzie, D. pastor; Rev. J. b. Stewart
d. D., associate pastor. DR.. Mackenzie will nreacb
at II 4. NJ. continuing his series of lectures on
1.-THE Holy Land" DR.. Stewart will preach at I 10
P. NJ. Sunday-school at 1916 p. NJ Yonng
Peoples Society OF Christian Endeavor at 30 p NJ
Prayer meeting Wednesday evening ut AS p NJ
All are welcome TO these services. 1t
H First Methohist Episeopal Church,
pastor. Preaching by the pastor at IL A. NJ,
on "The Easy Yoke and Light II BURDEN n;
Class meetings at 10 A. NJ. 1880 and 6 p NJ
snnday-schSoo1I, including 1a Anls Merr's Bible
$50 NJ. Special evangelistc services each even
ing during the week. Everybody Will find cordial
weIcome az tneSe services. 1t
sP Central NJ eth odist Episcopal Church.
@-S Mission ST.. bet. Sixth and Seventh-Rev w
w. Case. DID,. pastor. Services Tomorrow at II
A. ana 1880 p. M Sunday-schooi, / O'clock:
young mems meeting, 8; young peoples meeting
$3.50. Morning sermon by Rev DR.. Bovard; evening
sermon by the pastor Prayer-meeting wednesday
evening. Welcome TO all these services. 1t
re- Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church.
Ef~S Market ST., cor. Noe and Sixteenth-Joseph
p. Macaulay. pastor. Residence, 93S Sixteenth 81.
Divine services at IL A. and 80 p NJ Preach
ing by the pastor, morning subject, THE Modern
Bible-school'; evening subject, ''Samson and De-
lilah." Mr.. j. Woodbridge, musical director. Miss
S. Boyle, organist. Glass meeting at 10 A. M
Bible-school at 1880 p. NJ. Young Peoples meet
ing at $3.50 p. NJ Midweek service on Wednesday
evening, at 80. Seats free. All welcome WISH
tors, strangers and non-church-goers specially in
yited The castrost. cars will bring you to the
church door. 1t