Morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven [Conn.]) 1848-1894, 1891-08-01

| Of six consecutive recipients of this prize,
the first was the winner of the quarter
mile run, the second was the pitcher of
| the college base ball nine, the third was
| the most brilliant performer on the ira
peze, the fourth was man of good physi-
| cal development without special athletic
| attainments, the fifth was the catcher of
| the college base ball nine and the best gen.
eral athlete in college, the sixth is a candi-
date for position on the college boat
crew, and will next year be member of
the foot ball eleven.
MIR. wAKEMAN's JOURNEYINGs.
| Hard and Practical LtverpooI-Lfttle
Consideration shown to Working
People-The Lowly Have a Sad Lot
Fifty Thousand at Dock Labor
Steady Work and Low Wages
Liverpool Cabmen and Clerks
s'Cotton Pfckers'' and Seryants-A
Fashionable Cafe-Hopeless slaves
ssPurchasing Power'' of Money
Drinking and Drunkenness.
LIVERPOOL, July 81.
Tothe Editor of the JOURNAL AND COURIER:
With its outlying boroughs and sub
urbs, Liverpool houses well nigh million
souls. Its maritime interests are enor-
nous, and commercially it no doubt ranks
as the second city in the empire. 1t is a
hard, practical city. It's business men
and factors are grim, severe fellows, stern
of decision as New York millionaires, and
restless, diligent and unconquerable as the
| men who have set the killing pace in Chi
cago.
There is little room for pleasant things
in Liverpool. Its chief and almost sole
gallery of paintings was given the city by
graduated rumseller, whom Victoria, out
| of surprise and wonder no doubt, made a
| baronet. Although one of the world IS
greatest depots for the book collector, it
has but one library of note available to the
public. Charities are done in perfuncto-
ry, petulant manner, although the helpless
were most ill-mannered in selecting busy
Liverpool to starve in. And its hundreds
of thousands of working men and women
are treated with less consideration than
| cattle.
With a few shining examples, is is a
| city of commercial Gradgrinds on the one
hand, and public-house devil fish on the
| other. The lowly have sad lot between
them. Nobody here wants it that way.
Nobody here believes it is that way. A
few men, like Sir James Poole, are endeav-
| oring to help the masses to better things,
and are finding little time from business
affairs to do something practical and good.
But as rule the men who own great
fleets, who exchange half the English
speaking worlds raw and manufactured
products, push forward in their money
grabbing career like automatons OF stone,
and their fellow humans are counted as
coal, iron or cotton are computed in loss
or gain.
In studying the condition of the lowly
of any great city, the demand for labor,
wages paid, and the cost of living, are the
first things to be considered. These
things indicate how the people might live
if possessed of all prudence and sobriety.
How they really live, and why, is another
matter.
There is seldom dearth of labor in any
great seaport. Liverpool has always stood
high in percentage of labor demand. The
city has never been subject to the relent-
like Leeds, Manchester and Birmingham,
or the destructive greed of tremendous
and endless immigration, as at New York.
1t is the greatest entrepot in Europe. The
landing, handling and reshipment of near
ly all North and South American products
exported to Europe, and the reshipment to
all quarters of the globe of the greater
part of the stupendous quantities of Brit
ish manufactures, are done at this one
nk T&n, nd he al
most inconceivably numerous and extern
sive. Fifty thousand men are alone con-
stantly required in the various forms of
dock labor. This fact will sufficiently in
dicate the almost measureless business
ramifcations requiring uninterrupted ser
vice.
Steady labor and plenty of it is the rule.
The least possible wages upon which the
workers may exist also prevail. The best
paid men among the fifty thousand labor
ers employed upon the docks are the
stevedores who load and unload the ships
Jumpers" they are claimed-who get
five shillings per day, and the dock por-
ters or goods handlers, who receive q
sixpence less. sLorrymen" or cartmen
with two horses tandem earn thirty shil-
lings, and, with one horse, twenty-six shil-
lings. The police are paid from twenty
deductions to eventually pay for their own
pensioning when too old for further ser
vice. A gateman at the Exchange railway
station told me he had been in the same
service sixteen years and had never re-
| ceived above nineteen shillings per week;
| and no manner of employe about these
great stations is paid upwards of twenty
| shillings.
All grades of clerks, porters and sales
| men and women about the markets re-
| ceive from eight to eighteen shillings.
Tram-car drivers get as high as twenty
four shillings, but conductors never above
| twenty-one. BARRIERS, caretakers or jani-
| tors and watchmen, milkmen, bakers men,
| grocery and market trap drivers, express
and railway package and freight collec-
shillings; while corporation day laborers
are paid from sixteen to twenty shillings
per week.
| Liverpool cabmen are the most woebe
gone lot of their kind in the world. Cab
owners occasionally rent a hanson oil
brougham to a trustworthy fellow at q
| stated sum, but there are not fifty out oi
nearly three thousand that have arrived al
this dignity in their calling. The remain
der get from twelve to eighteen shillings
per week One pities these fellows
They are lame, halt, blind, veinous-nosed
and palsied, without sufficient spirit fol
genuine viciousness. 1 had thought thu
Havana cocheros the most beggarly set o.
these fellows on earth. But if you wist
to observe at one study all that could b,
seen in all the British warehouses;, re
formatories and hospitals for incurables
station yourself anywhere on Crosshal
street opposite the municipal buildings
near st. Georges Hall, or at the landings
on any steamer arrival day, and cast {
glance down along line of waiting Liver
pool cabmen. 1 have asked several cab
owners why, in the name of human exist
ence, such mockery of wages is paid.
"W'y, blow their bloody h'eyes! they
rob us juss so much hany'ow;" is the uni
versal rejoinder.
Couldn't you book them for each triI
and fare?'
80 aye, some hon us dooes that WEIR,
thing. Then they rob the fare (passen
ger) at tn hend O. the journey, an pick
oop back-fare hon us beside. Theys
passel O. pirates, is theyl"
The clerks of Liverpool are not to b
envied. Male clerks employed in the grea
warehouses, refineries, insurance Offices
in the gigantic cotton trade, and in tn
myriad shipping Offices, are the victims o
most iniquitous system. 1t is true tina