davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21
Personal MENTION.

Mrs. DR.. Pinnell and daughter, OF
Buckhannop, have been visiting Ma
jor Bristor and wife. They left here
IL years ago and now find many sur
priscs in the growth of the city.
Mr.. d. NJ. Kilmer furnished the
queensware for The Masonic banquet,
1000 pieces.
At the home of the bride, Monday,
Nov. %, MT. l.. L. Burdette will be
married to Miss Lula Taylor. daugh-
ter of MT. S. b. Taylor, this city.
Miss Adah Dodd teaches school in
Grant county this winter.
At the residence of the bride, on
Water ST., Wednesday evening Nov.
%, Mr.. jeremiah Bricker to Miss l..
Virginia Brooke.
Cards are out for the marriage Of
Mr.. Ed. j. O'Malley, of Wheeling, TO
Miss Catherine Finnucan, daughter OF
MIR. John Finnucan, of this city.
Mrs. Margaret Troxel has been
granted an increased pension.
We congratulate p. A. Rohrbaugh,
Esq, formerly of the Berkeley Bar,
on his appointment as Colonel on the
Staff of the Governor of Kapsas.
Mr.. G.. V. Rathman was elected
Secretary of the State Assembly, d.
of X, at the Grand Lodge meeting,
|. O. o. F., at Kingwood this week.
Mr.. Upton Evers, son of Rev. w.
B. Evers, has entered the law office
of Messrs. Faulkner and Ingles. He
has the ability and education to make
for himself name and fame in his
chosen profession. SO many young
men are learning trades and profes-
sions that we feel like repeating the
advice of an old man when we started
out in life: Learn your trade well ;
keep close to the shore in business ;
with good habits and economy you
will always succeed.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21

o
Mrs. Geo. V. Pitzer is visiting her
daughter, Mrs. Clinton Rentch, on
John St.
MIR. VIM. Mckee, of our city, was
called to Chambersburg, Pa. Friday of
last week to attend the funeral of his
brother-in-l law, Mr.. Beckley,
DIR. and Mrs. Chas. Sedcrburg, and
SOP, MIR. Chester Sederburg, of BALTIC,
are the guests of MIR. and Mrs. S. b..
Taylor, cor. Burke and College SITS.
We are sorry to hear Of the illness
of Mrs. Fletcher, ofQueen ST.; we hope
she will soon be able to resume her
school duties.
Mr.. John Hines is quite i'll at his
home on e. Burke st.
Mr.. S. l.. D0dd and George V.
Rathman are attending the Grand
Lodge |. O. 0. +. in session at King
wood.
We are glad to hear that Mr.. j. B.
Swanson is slightly improved.
Hettle, little daughter of Mr.. Gin
ton Rentch, of John ST., who has been
quite i'll for the past two weeks, is
improving slowly.
DIED.-On Sunday last of mem
braneous Group, Samuel, little son OF
| Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Rouark, aged ) yrs.
On Monday morning death again en-
tered the family taking Mary Lizzie,
bright and intelligent little girl in
her tenth year. When nearing the
river her uncle asked her if she loved
Jesus when she replied uncle Willie, l
do love Jesus and clapping her hands
she said want to be an angel. She
requested them to send for number
Of her girl friends as she had much &c
say to them. She requested her sis
ter to sing " want TO be an Angel
and with her faint voice joined in.
She repeated the Lords prayer audi
/ bly,. Funeral services took place at
the LIST NJ. E. Church Tuesday after
noon at p. m. Interment in Green
hill Cemetery. The parents have the
sympathy of the community in this
their sad bereavement. III.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21

The Mayor and Council took action
last week against the Street Railway
Co., to compel them to comply with
the ordinance and put the streets IN
the same condition they found them.
Both sides were represented by cOun-
sci. The Co. intends to comply with
the ordinance and has purchased a
stone crusher to put the tracks in or
| der. The work on the street railway
line is going ahead. At the n. Queen
st. b. & o. crossing it is thought the
street railway will have to run over
the B, q O. tracks Instead of through
a tunnel.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21

A large lot of Rubber Boots and Over
Shoes. Hats and Caps, at lowest prices,
at JOHN LYONS.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21

CUNNINGHAM the Photographer
makes all styles and sizes of picture
frames on short notice,
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21
WIN. PHILLIPS, MERCHANT TAILOn

WEST BURKE ST., MARTINSBURG. Keeps constantly
hand large ard complete Of Cloths, Cass-
meres. and FANCY SUfTINGS, Foreign and Domestic
which he is prepared make short notice and
enable terms. specially made Of STYLISH SPRING
SUITINGSl eBCall and examine my stock.
WEI PHILLIPS.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21

DEAD LET1ERs.-T following is
a list of letters remaining in the Post
Office at Martinsburg, w. Va, Nov.
10th, and will be sent to the dead let
ter Office Nov. ODD if not called for !;
when calling, say advertised.
NJ. l.. Baker, T. A. Gross, NJ. J.
Hanley, Mrs. WIN. Hires, Miss Ell
len Kennedy, ID. l.. Lyons, Miss Mol
lie Miller, II. b. Mohler (3), Robert
S. Miller, Bessie Nailor, S, j. Nixon,
Mrs. Mary Perry, Andy Rentch,
Whit Rulings, II. st. John Shepherd,
Geo. Seihert, Miss Kate Tabler, Ro.
bert A. Thompson, David Welshonst,
Mrs. Mary +. Wadinger, Elmer A.
Wilson. w. II. II. FLICK, p. NJ.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21

For the original Water Proof Boot, go
to JOHN LYONS.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21
THE old RELIABLE MARBLE WORKS |

10 W. III. KANTNER, Manufacturer Of
MONUMENTS. TOMBS, MAYTELS HEAD An
|. FOOT STONES =.
oFFTCE-Queen st. Hartinsburg Opposite Valley House
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21

THE HERALD for the town and
county news.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21
TfE NAgTInsBURq PEzALn.
TOWN. NEWS.

fEntered at the Post Office at Mart insburg,
W. Va as Second-Clsss Matter.l
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1891-11-21
BANKS ANDBAHKIN0.
]. B. WILSON. Prest +. WILSON Cashier
PEOPLES NATIONAL BANK OF MARTlESEuRG. W. Va.

Having the best Banking in the the
guarantee faithful. prompt and satisfactory service
DIRECTORS: e Williams Miller. Potter.
Robert Lamon g. w Mckown A. j. Thomas Geo 5. Roush II
Boyd. Henry ]. Sebert. Discount FRIDAY.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
posts of phosphoric and potassic min
erals-apatite and the potash salts.

THE skill of the educated farmer
will have scope in devising ways to
make an existing but now unavailable
store of plant food in his fields quickly
useful. To this end, the cultivation of
certain crops having power to send
their roots deeply and widely through
the soil, and by this means to gather
stores which shallow.rooting crops can
not find, can be availed of. The clover,
and its kindred plants-the alfalfa and
the COW pea-are of this character BY
their means the fertility Of field may
often be for a time wonderfully re-
newed; while by blowing down such
crops as will grow well upon worn
soil, either quite without manure, or by
the aid of some very cheap fertilizer,
like land plaster, we may obtain other
crops of great commercial value. In
the South, where SHOWS do not prevent,
the plan of feeding off cheaply-grown
crops, like turnips, directly from the
ground where they grew, by sheep, is
possible, and cheap. The sheep ma
nure is rich, fine and evenly distributed,
and cheaply supplies the soil for sue
ceeding money crops, like the small
grains or cotton. We have here merely
indicated line of thought and effort
which any brainy cultivator can study
and follow out to his great advantage.
In doing so, he will be climbing into
that sup high" position where there
is plenty of room," and much less of
that competition which so many COM
plain of as preventing profit.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

tern nearly the whole length of the
barn, with cement floor each
side of the cstern as far as the
manure would be likely to spread-the
floor inclining towards the cistern, and
covered the cistern with two-inch
planks. All the liquids that the solids
do not hold filter into the cistern,
which | pump into a hogshead and
spread on the land. | built a silo last
summer and put the corn in whole with
ears all on. Some corn comes through
the cattle undigested, so l keep some
shoats where they have access to the
manure. They work over the manure
and save all the corn. So you see l
have fine lot of manure to draw out
at any time, as it never freezes under
the barn if | keep the doors shut. |
have never seen any bad effects from
any bad odors. | carried my milk to
the cheese-f factory until Christmas, but
we are making butter now. My son-in-
law, who works my place now, carried
some butter to the store to exchange
for groceries. He said they refused
good many lots of butter, but told him
if he would bring a ton of such butter
they would take it. Since building my
cow.barn have built horse-barn "A
feet by 46 feet, with cellar under the
whole. The part under the stable has
a cemented floor. | keep some hogs
there, so they work the manure in fine
condition. We are wintering nineteen
head of cattle, five horses and colts,
twenty hogs and shoats. So you see |
have done better than to make "two
blades of grass grow where but one
grew before" You will see that |
am short of rooi for all of my stock,
80 I am contemplating an addition
of 40 feet by AZ feet. How is that
for rnout farms? If any one should
want anything more definite, | shall be
glad to give it. Truly yours,
MORRILL, CoLvIN, Pawlet, VT.
p. 81 keep my cows in the stable
nights during the summer; in the winter
they are out of doors only long enough
drink.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

There is one point in which Finnish
prisons take precedence of all others
have visited in Europe, Asia or America.
| mean in the chains used therein, and
their enormous weight. In two cells at
Abo we found man in each laden with
terrible irons, weighing in the first case
three Finnish lis-punds, or sixty pounds,
and in the second case more than a
hundred. weight. In the latter instance
the unfortunate man had iron bands
round his neck and waist, fastened to-
gether by heavy chain, which con-
tinued nearly to the ground, and was
further attached to two chains securing
the ankles. The hands were likewise
secured by links riveted to the waist
band. | obtained photographs of men
thus chained, but not representing the
worst, for have also seen in Finland
thick iron anklets pierced with holes,
through which is passed an iron bolt
thick as a crowbar, and the forty pounds
weight of which rests on pads on the
insteps. The prison authorities inform
me that these irons are used only rarely,
and principally for the transportation
of dangerous criminals. / remember
hearing when in Finland in 1876 that it
sometimes happened when prisoners
were on their way from the country dis
tricts in farmers carts that accomplices
waylaid the officers and released their
comrades. Henry LdnSdell, in Hdrper's
MAGAZINE.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
Sugar, or Syrup!

To Agricultural Editor:-In reply to
your query in regard to the difference
between sugar melted over and syrup,
| will say that it is this: After sugar is
once grained it never will have that
mild, maple flavor of the syrup. 1t
has been my custom for twenty-five
years to put up syrup boiling hot, and
to set it away in cool and dark place.
1t will keep perfectly for years. Inever
have put up any except in glass and
have sealed it tightly. have made a
practice of giving away syrup one year
old or more and have been asked the
question, When did you make it? They
did not know it had been warm enough
for sap to run, and they thought it had
just been made. / usually have it
weigh ten and one-half pounds to the
gallon, but some years not so much, for
it will grain. Sap is not the same every
year. Every sugar-maker knows that
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
CuriOsities of Light.

Snow is not white, neither is it
Opaque. 1t is composed of small, six
rayed crytals, which, when examined
separately, are seen to be as transparent
as water. Snow is white only in the
sense that water, when falling over
precipite, is white. In each case the
wilderness is due to inclosed air, There
is no such thing as perfect whiteness.
Even newly fallen snow (along with Its
inclosed air. reflects only four-fifths of
the light-producing rays. If it were
absolutely white it would reflect them
all. Light, which makes everything
else visible, is itself invisible. To
roughly illustrate this. make a tube by
rolling a piece of stiff brown paper,
about eight inches long, blackened on
the inside. around ruler. Close one
end of the tube. Make two holes about
one-third of an inch in diameter two
inches from the closed end of the tube,
exactly opposite each other, and third
very small hole directly underneath
them. Hold the tube near gas flame
or candle, so that the light shines
through the two holes, and look down
the tube. If the holes are accurately
cut all will be dark. Introduce the
fine point of spill of white paper
through the smaller hole, in the track
of the beam, 1t reflects the rays and
becomes visible. If light, per Sc, were
visible, the sky at night, beyond the
shadow caused by the earth, would be
one blaze of light, since the suns rays
are everywhere traversing space
LOliSyiUe COIrier- Journal
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
Barn Cellars.

To agricultural EditOr:-I saw in
your last issue an article relating to
barn cellars. l will give my experience
in that direction. A few years since l
bought hundred-acre farm that had
been run for several years on the whis-
key basis. The fields were overrun
with bushes, the fences were lined
with bushes from six to ten feet wide.
What little manure had been saved had
been put on few acres near the barn.
The balance of the land was badly ex-
hausted. The barns on the place con-
sisted of one 26 feet by 36 feet and a
small hay barn. When took the farm
could not get half enough to fill the
barns. -Four cows and a horse were all
the stock could winter, and had to buy
some hay at that. | went to work and
built shed over the manure; grubbed
up bushes and drew off stones, and pur-
chased some fertilizers; ran it as best
could for two or three years, then took
down my hay barn and put up barn
40 feet by AZ feet, with cellar. My
stable is above the basement with gutter
behind the COWS to receive the drop
pings, and in the gutter there are small
trap-doors. So all have to do to clean
the stable is to lift the doors and push
the manure through the holes. Directly
under the drop built cement els
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
Speed in Ocean TraYel.

{" The great drawback" said Mr..
Richard, one of the agents Of the
Hamburg American Packet company,
to crossing the ocean quicker than we
do at present is the expense of coal
More powerful engines could be built
which would increase the speed, but
these engines would require so much
more coal The steamers of the Ham
burgh- American Packet company now
consume about 2l0 to $50 tons of coal
"a day; if $50 tons were needed daily
these steamers would be run at loss,
for, besides the cost and the valuable
space required for the additional hun
dred or so tons of coal, more engineers,
more stokers, etc, would be needed.
But il we went to an unlimited eX-
pense for the most powerful engines i'll
the world, the gain in time in crossing
the ocean would not be more than
eight or ten hours, so long as coal is
used | have great faith, however, in
electricity some day or other taking
the place of coal for the propulsion of
ocean steamers, and when this is
brought about they will be run much
cheaper. The weight of the coal does
not make the steamer slower; that has
nothing at all to do with it. Sometimes
a weighted steamer goes faster than
one that is not weighted, all depending
upon the wind and weather. Steamers
can never 60 as quick as locomotives,
because they have to contend against
water and air, whereas the railroad
cars have only air as resistance. AS
Stunning the maximum speed of loco
motive to be about sixty miles an hour
over short distances, it may be said
that it goes about three times as rap
idly as steamer. although the average
time made by the average express
train is only twice the average time
made by fast steamer"
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

REMARKABLE REsCUE.-Mrs. Mich
ael Curtain, Plainfeld, ILL.,, makes the
statement that she caught cold, which
settled on her lungs. She was treated
for month by her family physician,
but grew worse. He told her she was
hopeless victim Of consumption and
that no medicine could cure her. Her
druggist suggested DR.. Kings New Dis
covery for Consumption. She bought
bottle, and to her delight found her
self benefited from first dose She
continued its use, and after taking ten
bottles found herself sound and well;
now does her own housework and is
as we'll as she ever was. Free trial
bottles of this great Discovery at G.
Blakely's drugstore, Montpelier, Vt.
Large bottles, fifty cents and Sl.00.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
Mistellanp.
The Days Demand.

God give us menl A time like this demands
Strong minds, great hearts, true faith and ready
hands,
Men whom the lust of office does not kill;
Men whom the spells Of office not buy
Men who possess opinions and will;
Men who have honor men who will not lie;
Men who can stand before deinagogue , ~
And damn his treacherous batteries without Wink.
ing;
Tar men, sun-crowned, who live above the fog,
In public duty and in private thinking.
For while the rabble with their thumb-worn creeds,
Their large professions and their little deeds,
Minge in selfish strife lol Freedom weeps,
Wrong rules the land and waiting Justice sleeps.
IL q. Hoilans.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

To agricultural Editor You in
quire, Which is best, good sugar,
melted as required, or canned syrup"
and then quote Mirror and Farmer
correspondent who prefers sugar. If
wanted the finest goods that comes
from the maple tree, should take the
syrup or honey every time. To use
miller's phrase, take the syrup out at
b" the head of the bolt" think that is
the usual custom. IL / want to keep it
one or two years, seal and pack in dry
hardwood w-dust. That from band
saw is just the thing. Common wheat
bran might do just as well. Last spring
we found some that was put away in
this manner two years before and for
gotten, that was perfect in flavor. The
same quality made into sugar and cooked
enough to stand up the year through,
without getting soft, would be all
right melted if done right. The fine
maple flavor can be easily ruined by
putting in too much water and then
boiling it out. If we will remember
that every time we reheat maple goods
we injure the flavor; also that the
syrup is finished at one operation and
in about two hours from the sap, while
the sugar must be heated the third time
if melted as above, it will be plain that
the syrup is most desirable. If any one
is in doubt about this matter, let him
take some sap this spring in tin pan
(say one inch deep, put it on the
kitchen stove and boil is down to syrup /;
also melt some sugar at the me time
and note the difference.
A. NJ. FOSTER, Cabot, Vt.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
Editorial NOtings.

THE roots of plants collect from the
soil the mineral matters, and the leaves
the volatile or aeriform matters which,
within the plant, are organized and pro-
duce growth. The only apparent excep-
compounds, one of which, ammonia, is
generally supposed to be taken in by
the roots, and slightly, if at all, by the
leaves. But later investigations seem
to show the rule to be uniform, the
nitrogen taken up by the roots being
always in mineral combination as nj
trates, or as nitric acid; while the
nitrogen taken up by the leaves is alb
Sorbed as free atmospheric ammonia.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

A STRONG conclusion from the above
premises is, that the most economical
manure for every plant would be the
one most closely resembling in compost
ton the ashes of that plant, and ex-
pertinent does not fail to prove the
theory well founded. But economy
may be carried still farther, in practice,
by Withholding from the manure any
particular food known to exist in the
soil in sufficient quantity, and in a form
which the plant can make available.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

On rich virgin soil, sufficiently dry
for the growth of land plants, no
manures are required. But cropping
rapidly exhausts the soil of its accumu-
lated resources; and in a comparatively
short time all upland soils begin to
show inability to yield profitable re-
turns to the cultivator. He sees that
"manure is needed, but knows not
just what is lacking. How shall he
get knowledge on this point2
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

THE science of farming is the science
of helping the crop to these sequestered
resources of nature. When tillage
alone fails, there is yet something more
to be done. We may apply manure, in
which is contained the half-decayed re-
mains of preceding crops that have
passed through the bodies of the ami
mails which fed upon them. We may
pursue the fled fertility of our farm still
farther, and seek it where it was stored
up in the bodies of those animals-in the
bones and flesh-or in the bones and
flesh of other animals; in the fish of
the sea- or in the great deposits of ami
NAL matter which have accumulated in
or upon the earth-the guanos and soft
phosphate rocks. We may even go on
and secure it from the inorganic de-
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

IF the resources of a chemical labor
atory, in skilled hands, were cheaply
available, perhaps the promptest and
most correct way to get information
would be the analysis of the crop. The
normal constituents of the ash of a
well-fed plant, of any particular kind,
being taken for the standard, analysis
of plants from poor crop of the same
kind would be apt to give clue to the
lacking elements, which a farmer could
then supply. But at present such re-
course is not at hand, and another way
must be sought.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11
RRHDLEY'S P0TpT0 DIavUBE

Is finely ground and in such perfect mechanical condition
that clogs drilling and therefore thorough
distribution in quantities the field
We annually receive from leading growers testimonials show
ing that Potato Manure produces healthy and vigorous
growth of plant and tber that the crop free from and
scab the potatoes proving of fine quality smoothsknned
and arge-sized and therefore readily command the highest
market price.
B@ Send for free COPY Of BraaAys Amey1tan Farmer
7Oh qOlN gt0e yom full description Of our Potato Manure
essays from noted boatOgr0wv'Y to their modes Of culture
and use Of BradlIy's Potato Manure on this erQb.S&
Bradley Fertilizer Co., 27 Kilby Street, Boston,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

he can not make as fine favored sugar
with water or snow in the sap, and
most of people water the sugar as they
melt it over.
w. r. BLISS, Corinth, Vt.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

NOTWITHSTANDING this, however,
we may hang firmly to the fact that no
good soil was ever permanently ruined
by even the most skillful tillage with
out manure. We must ever remember
that the food of plants in the soil eX-
lists in two forms-the available and the
unavailable-or, more properly, the i'm
mediately available and the remotely
available. The soil holds immense
quantities of material in which are
stored for future use nutritive sub
stances that are not now within the ca
pacity of the plant to obtain.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-02-11

CHILDREN Cry for Pitchers Castoria.
CHILDREN Cry for Pitchers Castoria.