davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call., 1891-07-17
Gents Furnishings

At IOc.
GENTS FOUR-IN-HAND SILK SCARFS.
satin-lined, former price 25c, marked
down TO Zoe each.
At IOc.
GENTS SUMMER SILK AND PIQUE
FANCY-FLGURED, CHECKED AND
STRIPED SCARFS. largely assorted
patterns, former price 25c, marked
down TO 10c each.
CENTS SATIN AND SILK TECK AND
FOUR-IN-HANDS CARFS, satin-liued,
former price 35c, marked down to 15c
each.
At CSC.
CENTS EXTRA FINE NEECKWEAR,
IN tour-in-hands, Tecks and Nindsors,
all shades and eOlorings, former price
50c, marked down to 25e each.
At 1Oc.
GENTS LARGE SIZE, FANCY-BOR-
D.RED HEMSTITCH HANDKER-
CHIEFS, fast-color prints, former price
zoe, markell down TO Zoe each.
At Zoe.
GENTS FULL FINISHED COTTON
SOCKS, in assorted brown, vienna and
slate mixtures, former price 50 40 per
dozen, marked down to loo pair.
at 35c.
GENTS TENNIS FLANNEL OUTING
SHIRTS, largely assorted patterns, SUI
peri0r workmanship, former price 75c.
marked down to 35c each.
At 75c.
GENTS UNDYED SANITARY NAT
URAL WOOL UNDERSHIRTS AND
DRAWERS, former price 81 % marked
down to 75c each.
At S1.00.
GENTS FULL FINISHED TWELVE
THREAD BALBRIGGAS UNDER
SHIRTS AND DRAWERS (some with
manufacturers imperfectiOnsl former
price s., marked down to 81 each.
The morning call., 1891-07-17
LADIES' and CHILDREN'S
Hosiery and Underwear.

at 25c Per Pair.
We will place on sale 1000 dozen of LADIES'
HOSE, comprising English. French and
German manufacture. in twenty differ
ent styles and grades of fast blacks,
combinations tans. modes, seal and
navy marked down from SOC. Coo, 65c
and 75c, to the uniform price OF 25c per
pair.
At 25c Per Pair.
1C0 dozen LADIES' ENGLISH CASH
MERE WOOL HOSE, all sizes, insseal
only, marked down from SOC to 25c.
At S2.75 Per Box.
We will place on sale a limited lot of
LADIES GENUINE FRENCH Isle
THREAD HOSE, black boots, fancy
tops, marked down from 81
At Toe Per Pair.
We will close out 200 BOYS CLERICAL
MIXED HOSE, extra heavy, full FIN
thread, sizes Z. IL, 8 and 81 inches,
marked down from 25c.
at 15c per Pair.
100 dozen BOYS FAST BLACK HOSE,
extra heavy, double heels and toes,
tipped with white, sizes 81, 9, 9115 and
TO- marked down from 1913
AT Csc.
100 dozen CHILDREN'S GENUINE
FRENCH HOSE, fast black, all sizes,
assorted weights and ribs, marked dow
from 35c, 40c, 45c, SOC and Coo, according
to sizes. to the uniform price of 25c for
ali sizes.
At csc.
we will offer 40 dozen LADIES' FINE
LlSLE-THREAD VESTS, jersey fit
ting, all sizes. neatly braided neck AID
arms in ecru only, marked down from
zoe.
At SOC.
We will offer 50 dozen LADIES' SUMNER
WEIGHT SWISS WOOL RIBBED
VESTS, all sizes, high neck, long
sleeves, in white and natural, marked
down from 81.
The morning call., 1891-07-17

In inviting all to call during the continuance of our
PHENOMENALLY SUCCESSFUL REDUCTION SALE
this week we have selected representative items from
Der of leading departments impress upon economical
housewives the fact that this is opportunity they cannot
afford lose though purchases made far in ad
of present needs and in directing particular attention
to the PRODIGIOUS REDUCTIONS quoted we beg leave
20 remind all that the goods are being cleared out rapidly
CURE BEST RESULTS.
The morning call., 1891-07-17

Ada Mallet who declares that her hus-
band does not support her and her daugh-
ter Blanche, has petitioned the Superior
Court for permission TO engage in the Inilli-
merry business as a sole trader.
The morning call., 1891-07-17

? William Casey and Maggie Magic. charged
with grand larceny for taking s35 and a
watch from Owen Sullivan in q waterfront
saloon, have been held to answer before the
Superior Court in $1,000 bonds each by
Jndge RiX
The morning call., 1891-07-17

Judge Wallace has refused to grant the ap-
plication Of Fred Chase for a divorce from
his wife Maggie on the ground Of habitual
The morning call., 1891-07-17
House Furnishings.

At Sc rs Pair.
RICH CHENILLE PORTIERES, deep da-
does. heavily frinsed'at top and bottom.
marked down from SO.
At 62sc a Yard.
30 pieces TWILLED T0WELING CRASH,
marked down from Zoe.
At 45c Yard.
HEAVY CREAM TABLE DAMASK, 90
inches wide, FIVE patterns, marked down
from Coo.
at CSC Each.
EXTRA GRADE HUCK TOWELS, large
sizes. neat borders, marked down from
SO IS a dozen.
At ST. 25 Dozen.
DAMASK NAPKINS, fully bleaehed Irish
linen, large size, marked down from 81 rs
At $1.OO Dozen.
LARGE SIZE HUCK TOWELS, double
warp, marked down from 81 so.
At 10c a Yard.
90 pieces FINE WHITE SHAKER FLAN-
MEL, marked down from zoe.
At 35c a Yard.
IMPORTED SCOTCH TENNIS FLAN-
NELS. checks and stripes, that were
marked down from SOC.
The morning call., 1891-07-17
WaShDreSSFabriCS

At 71ac Yard.
FINE CHECKED ORGANDY, colors
choice and perfectly fast, large range of
styles, marked down from 15c.
At SC a Yard.
SOFT-FINISH FINE CHALLIES, a CON-
plete line of colors and styles, wooden
effects, marked down from 10c.
AT S15c a Yard.
Balance of our FINE YARD-WIDE CHAL-
LIES, medium and dark effects, excel
lent fabrics, marked down from 12hc.
At TAG a Yard.
YARD-WIDE FINE BATISTES, good
colorings, all fast. marked down from
12hc.
At S1sc Yard.
TENNIS FLANNELS, in striped and plaid
effects, very Serviceable, marked down
from 12lse.
at 1214c Yard.
GENUINE ENGLISH FLANNELETTE.
the most serViceable fabric for outing
purposes, marked down from 20c
At Sac a Yard.
DRESS STYLES AMERICAN SEER
SUCKERS, good eolorings, marked
down from 12c.
At zoe Yard.
ANDERSON'S SCOTCH GINGHAMS,
staple and fancy styles, marked down
from 25c.
At 614c Yard.
CHECKED NAINSOOK. five different pat
terms, marked down from S15c.
The morning call., 1891-07-17
1T ALSO GIVES In BRIEF:

The History Of Colonial Pelitics.
Tho History Of Revolutionary Politics.
The History of the Confederation.
The History Of the o. S. Government by Con-
gressss.
The History OF the o. S. BY Administrations.
An Analysis of the Federal Government.
The morning call., 1891-07-17
EXTRA SPECIAL.

AT 62sc a Yard.
90 pieces TENNIS FLANNELS, good cloth
and colors, reduced from 1oc. .
At 12Mc Each.
100 dozen LARGE SIZE TURKISH TOW
ELS. at 12Ac each, marked down from
81 dozen.
AT $3.50 Pair.
cases FINE LAMBS WOOL BLAN-
KETS, full size. reduced from 81.
The morning call., 1891-07-17

BISHOP FOWLER WILL PREACH.-BishoI
Charles II. Fowler will preach In the Powell
street Methodist Episcopal Church next Sunday
morning.
The morning call., 1891-07-17

BERTELING has the only reliable methods to
Ii defective sight. APT Kearny street.
The morning call., 1891-07-17
CORSETS! CORSETS!
At SI.OO.

At $I.OO.
We will offer four distinct lines of Cor
sets, celebrated for their style, length of
waist aud durability. Following are their
names and colors:
DIR. WARMERS CORALINE GYPSY, in
black; DIR. STRoNG'S TRICORA, ex-
ira heavy. in slate; the CELEBRATED
R d G., in black; THOMPS0NS
WOBLD RENOWNED, long wasted.
for slender ladies, in slate. all marked
down from 81 30 each.
The morning call., 1891-07-17
AUCTION SALES.
81. pEYseR. AucTioNEEs,

8 Fourth street.
wnI sell on SATURDAY. July 18th, mt 10 80 a. NJ,
tho Stock and Fixtures OF the Restaurant. l03
STOCKTON ST., in bulk. jyl7 It's
The morning call., 1891-07-17

BAGGAGE delivered TO all trains. Morton
Special Delivery. One trunk 35c: 3 trunks. ST..
The morning call., 1891-07-17


hd
The morning call., 1891-07-17
MISCELLANEOUS.

The SYMPTOMS of Liver Complaint are bitter
or bad taste In the mouth; Pain in the Back, Sides
or joints, often mistaken for Rheumatism: Sour
Stomach; Loss Of Appetite: Bowels alternately
costive aud lax: Headache; Loss % Memory, with
painful sensation of having tailed TO do some
thing which ought to have been done; Debility
Low Snirits, thick yellow appearance OF the
Skin ard Eyes, dry Cough, often IN istaken for
Consumption.
Sometimes many of these symptoms attond the
disease, at Others very few: but the LIVER the
largest organ IN the body, is generally the seat of
the disease, and If not Regulated In time great
suffering, wretcbedness and DEATH viii ensue.
AS AN UNFAILING SPECIFIC
For DYSPEPSIA. CONSTIPATION, Jaundice,
Bilious Attacks, SICK HEADACHE, Collie, De-
preston of Spirits, SOUR STOMACH, Heart
Burn, KITE, Etc.
Take Simmons Liver Regulator or NJ dicine
MANUFACTURED ONLY BY
j. ii. ZEILIN a. CO., Philadelphia, Pa
Sold by all Druggists Del SOW WeFrMo
The morning call., 1891-07-17
THIS DOUBLE MAP CONTAINS /:

Disgram showing all of the Political Par
ties. 11x66
A Diagram showing all the Presidents and
Cabinets 5x66.
A Diagram showing the Political Complsxio
of each Congress. 2x66.
Die grsm showing the Creeis Of the World.
1870
A Din gram showing the Standing Armies of
each Nation. 13x10
a Diagram showing the Naval Tonnage of
each Nation. 13x1O.
The morning call., 1891-07-17

A Complete Map Of the World. 1890.
Gimp ets Map OF the United STATES Grand
McNallY 6 Co.'s 1890 46x66
N p Of Central America. 10x13.
A Map of Alaska. 10x13.
Map Of South Africa. 10x13
A Map of Upper Nubia and Habe h or Abys-
siaia. 1Gx13.
A Mp of Persia, Atghanistan and B,luohis-
tan 10x13
A Complete Map of the Soar system-bast ever
male. 13x10.
The morning call., 1891-07-17

Valuable Statistics on Debts.
Valuable Statistics on Revenues.
Valuabe Statistics on Expsuditure,.
Issues Of all Political Parties,
The History of all Political Parties which have
existed in this country.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21
Manual Training School.

We are informed that manual training
and commercial courses have been added
to the already excellent ones of the Los
Angeles college. DR.. Hanna introduced
us to Prof. G. G. Swaffori, who will have
charge of the new department, and we
give that gentleman's explanation of the
new work. The professor said: "The
age in which we live asks us to educate
for usefulness; it demands, moreover, a
broader, more rational education. The
sharp competitions and the exacting
demands of life call for men and women
who realize the social and commercial
relations which exist. The schools OF
books alone cannot remove the tendency
to impracticability which ever appears
as the fruition of too much book knowl-
edge. The training of the hand and eve,
the presenting of the problems, business
and mechanical, of everyday life, tend
rather to inculcate clear mental percep-
tions and train to habits of precision.
The Misunderstanding course is di-
vested of everything likely to
render it cumbrous and long :;
the essentials of high-sehool training
ARE retained, and to these are added
work in drawing and laboratory prac-
tice, which shall develop habits Of in
yestigation and give an acquaintance
with the practices in several of the lead
ing hand-crafts; knowledge of the use
of tools and of construction is also
gained, while the mind is taught to ex-
press thought in drawing and wrought
forms in the same manner as through
the tOnc1e I haliava in tho co.aduco
tion OF hand and brain; the wonderful
mechanism which we call the hand has
nothing ia nature or art which equals it.
Why shouid we neglect to cultivate its
great powers OF mastery expression ?"
DIR. Hanna said it was hard to convey
in few words, or, indeed, in many
words the plans and methods of manual
training, but hoped we would call at the
college when classes were being taught
that he would be pleased to show us all
about it.
We wish the genial and enterprisings
doctor success.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21
IN THE POLICE COURTS.
Little Criminal Episodes which Were
Acted on Yesterday.

Acted on Yesterday.
At o'clock yesterday afternoon q
sneak thief was caught in the act Of
stealing some clothes from the rear OF a
Chinese laundry on Broadway, by q
butcher, who promptly placed him un-
der arrest and turned him over to Officer
Stewart. He was taken to the station.
where he said his name was Ed. O'Con-
nor, and from there to the police court,
where he was granted an immediate
trial by Judge Owens, who upon hear
ing the testimony promptly convicted
him OF petit larceny, and sentenced him
to Jail for q period of sixty days.
When the case against Asa Avis, the
hackman, recently charged with having
appropriated pair of silver tipped
buggy shafts, which had been entrusted
to his care, by. Mrs. Mary ]. Tiffany. of
East Los Angeles, to his own use, came
up before Justice Austin determination
yesterday. morning, the complainant
acknowledged full and entire satisfaction
and paid the costs, whereupon the case
was dismissed on motion OF the district
attorney and the defendant was dis
charged.
Owing to the absence of some of the
most material witnesses for the prosecu-
ton, the case against Frank B. Carr, the
East Side youth, charged with having
forged the signature of p. Backman, Of
Eagle Rock, to check on the First Ma
tional bank for $500, was again post
poned by Justice Austin, on motion of
the district attorney. The date for
which the examination has been reset
| is the 31st inst.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21

Horse blanket and buggy robes at Foy's sad
dlery house. 315 N. Los Angeles street.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21
Disorders which Affect the Kidneys

Are among the most formidable known. Di-
abetes, Brights disease, gravel and other COM
plants or the urinary organs are not ordinarily
cured in severe cases, but they may be averted
the urinary glands has ever been found in Hos
tett"r's Stomach Bitters, medicine which not
only affords the requisite stimulus when they
become inac i've, but increases their vigor and
secretive power By increasing the activity of
the kidneys and bladder, this medicine has the
additional effect OF expelling from the blood
Impurities which it is the peculiar Office of
those organs to eliminate and pass off. The
Bitters is also purifier and strengthener of the
bowels, an invigorant of the stomach, and a
matchless remedy for billiOusness and fever
and ague. 1t counteracis tendency to .prema-
sure decay, and sustains and comforts the aged
and infrm
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21
Progress,

1t is very important in this age of vast ma
terial progress that remedy be pleasing t. the
taste and to the eye, easily taken, acceptably to
the stomach. and healthy in its nature and
Figs is the one perfect laxative and most gentle
Ciuretic known.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21
lllORKING PEOPLE

u1ORKING PEOPLE
can take Simmons
Liver Regulator
without loss of time or dan
ger from exposure. It
takes the place Of q doctor
and costly prescriptions
and is therefore the medi-
cine to be kept in the
household to be given upon
any indication Of approach
ing sickness. It contains
no dangerous ingredients
but is purely vegetable,
gentle yet thorough in it's
action, and can be given
with safety and the most
satisfactory results to any
person regardless of age.
1t has no equal. Try it.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21
al ARacommendation.

Having been sick in the stomach and having
tried everything could for relief, and finding
nothing that could get me well, went to DR.
Gnut Chow, GAL Upper Main street, and by the
aid OF his medicine got well in very short
time. Hoping that all sick persons will do
the same. f. c. VELAscO,
1852 Primrose ave-, East Los Angeles, Cal.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21

wihk yandbo
tSouthwe House.
ses s 1sa I P e. g5sa ns blood
i. Main nsreetD aIasTe
and failed benefit me- incule
IN
First st kland House.
SIX months troubled
A..
70
AN NPEDRoCa JAN
da
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21
Miles's Nerve and liver Pilla

Miles's Nerve and Liver Pills
Act on new principle-regulating the liver
stomach and bowels through the nerves. A new
discovery. DR.. Miles's Pills speedily cure bill
iousness, bad taste, torpid liver piles, constipa
ton. Unequaled for men, women, children
Smallest, mildest, suresti Fifty doses, 25 cts
Samples free, at r. w. Ellis & Co.'s.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21

,Jeyne's best combination coffee, pounds 10
sl.OO.
Los Angeles herald., 1891-01-21

California Vinegar and Pickle Works,
Telephone No. 359,
Removed to 555 Banning street. opposite soap
factory, near Alameda and First streets, one
half block from electric light works.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-09-12
The Ftata caxe.

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 12.-The attor-
ney of the Gillian Congressional party
in this city, Mr.. Charles Page, has re-
ceived a dispatch from the United States
attorney general asking if he would sign
a stipulation agreeing to the postpone
ment of the hearing of the Itata case
Mr.. Page replied that he would if the
government would agree to release the
Itata on bonds. The marshal of Southern
California and his deputies will be the
persons who will feel most keenly the
release of the Itata. If the condemna-
tion proceedings against the vessel had
been successful a moiety of the sale of
the ship and cargo which would have
been nearly 100000 would have been
paid over 10 them.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 12. An agree
ment has been reached between the at
torney general and Mr.. Page represent
ing the Chilian insurgent vessel Itata by
which the hearing of the Itata case is
postponed without conditions from Sept.
Is to Sept. 25.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-09-12
samuel of POsen' Kills San Fran.
cisco Policeman While Under
Arrest.
A Washington State Millionaire and q
Companion Kidnapped by De.
tectiyes.
A Posse of Tacoma Police and Citizens
.. After Them Attempted Train
Wrecking.

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 12.-Late in the
night the policemen in the Southern po-
lice station were startled by pistol
shot just outside the door. Running
out they found Officer Grant lying dead
on the pavement with bullet wound in
his head. A man was seen running
and being pursued and caught was
found to have Grants handouts ON his
wrists. On the pavement near the dead
policeman was found discharged pis-
tol. The man gave his name as Maurice
Curtis and denied shooting Grant. Cur
tbs is the M. B. Curtis, well known in
theatrical circles as Samuel of Posen. !"
He came TO this city from his home in
Berkeley, and had been drinking all the
evening with eome friends. Why he
was arrested is not known, but it is sup
posed he had been creating a disturb
ance. Two men saw Curtis and the off,
Ger have a struggle in front of the police
station and thea saw the flash Of o
pistol. Curtis was seen at the police
station but would not talk. He w@
under the influence of liquor.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-09-12
GILLIAN AFFAIRS.
What to DO with BaImnccda's Paper |
Money the Question OF the Hour.

What to DO with EaImnccda's Paper
Money the Question OF the Hour.
New YaRK, Sept. 12.-The Herald's
Valparaiso dispatches say the Junta has
under consideration the matter of what
shall be done with the $27, ,O00, 900 of
paper money issued by the late Presi-
dent Balmaceda. The principal banks
throughout the country are closed pend
ing their decision. The general opinion
is that it will be impossible for the gov
erninent to repudiate 1T. 1t is said that
it is the intention of the Junta to as
sumo the responsibility of the entire
amount and that they-are considering
plan by which it shall be redeemed in
tive years and that at the end of that
time specie payments will be resumed.
There is possibility >however, of their
holding the whole matter in allowance
and allowing the new congress to settle
1t. Government leaders say that as soon
as the new congress meets its first action
viii he to approve the actions of the
previous congress up to December, 1890,
and Of the Junta since the revolution
commenced. The acts of Balmaceda's
congress will be repudiated. The con-
stitution will be revised, to the extent of
materially curtailing the powers of the
executive at all events, and perhaps in
other respects as well. There is no like.
hhood that there will be any increase in
customs duties. Foreign diplomats be-
lieye that the present government is
actuated by patriotic motives, and will
be able and willing 10 do good work.
The Hetald's Santiago dispatch says
that Senor Augustin Edward has joined
the cabinet of the provisional govern.
mEnt as minister of public works. and
Manuel s.llatta as minister of foreign
Affairs. This forms coalition of all
political sections in the country, except,
of course, the Bahnacedists. Political
leaders are now consulting as to the can
didate for the presidency. 1t is gener-
ally believed that Senator Ramon Barros
Lucos will be selected.
The United States steamer San Fran
cisco has received orders from Washing
ton to sail at once for California. 1t is
thought her ultimate destination is
Samoa. The Baltimore will remain at
Valparaiso for the present.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-09-12
MADISON, SOUTH SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER H. 1891
ONLY 100000 ACRES.
Chippewa Indians Want a Slice OF North
Dakota.

Chippewa Indians Want n Slice OF North
Dakota.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 12.-"Indians are
developing into great claimants" said
an official of nR department few
days ago, and 1t would seem that it was
right.
John b. Bottineau, attorney for the
Turtle mountain band of Chippewa In
dians, is now in Washington working
for a claim of those Indians, in which
there is demanded from the government
10000, 900 acres of land in North Dakota.
The territory claimed by these
Indians is bounded ON the north
by the international line, on
the east by the Red river of the North,
ON the south by the Cheyenne river to its
head waters; thence in q northeasterly
direction to the Little Knife river, a
tributary Of the Missouri, thence to the
boundary line.
This is an old claim and has been re-
vived at this time because the last con-
gress provided for commission to nego.
tate for the removal of the Turtle
Mountain Indians to White Earth with
the other Chippewas. Bottineau imme-
diately fled protest and claimed the
land described. There are about $500
Indians interested in the claims.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-09-12
RloTne CONTINUES.
An American Mission in China Destroyed
by Natives.

An American Mission in China Destroyed
by Natives.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 12-The depart
ment of state has received telegraphic
dispatch from the minister at Pekin, re-
porting that riot has occurred at Ich-
ang, on the Yangtse- Kiang river, in the
province of Hoo Pc, and that an estab-
lishment,of American missionaries there
had been destroyed. No further partic-
elars are given.
The gravity of the situation in China
increases daily, and the navy department
is sending its aid to protect American
interests in answer to the representations
OF the department of state. The Charles
ton is now on her way to China from
San Francisco, and the Petrol, in the
neighborhood of New York, is under or
ders to proceed to the same destination
to strengthen Admiral Belknap's feet;
but they can hardly reach their destina-
tion inside of two months.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-09-12

New York, Sept. 1a.-Alfred o. Ed
wards, head of the Chilian banking firm
OF Edwards g. Co., writes here that he
has safely arrived pit Callao Shortly
after the war in Chilli broke ont Balma-
ceda set a price on Edwards head. Ed
wards suddenly disappeared, and as
Anotling was heard of him for several
months it was thought he had been pri-
vately executed by Balmaceda. 1t now
transpires that Edwards was hiding in
Santiago until week before the surren-
der to the Congressionalists. He is the
ablest tinancier in that country. He
supplied the government with money to
carry on the Peruvian war, and for his
services was given exclusive right to
issue paper money in Chill.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-09-12
A Verdict Returned.

New YORK, Sept. 12.-The coroner's
jury in the Park Place disaster has re-
turned its verdict. 1t is very peculiar
one and does not specify any person or
persons who are to blame for the disas-
ter or any definite cause therefor. n
finds that while the timbers and walls Of
the building were of fairly good mater
ial and construction, the iron columns
Were not as strong as the specifications
called for. It also finds that the fall uf
the building resulted from the brealirg
of one or more of these iron columns,
but that the fracture of the columns was
due to some sudden shock applied to
the exterior and not primarily due to
their inherent weakness.