The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-07-26
RUSSIAN NEWS AND Views


who carried passengers and freight long distances In
his rude ssfcoutrivs vehicle 10 sti competing suo
rsofuy with tho steam horse the land OF the White
Car A nerchan. OF 81 nferopoi has recently for
wnrded large shipment OF sailed meat to Po,tava by
tchoomaes paving them IS kopccks psr pood (ls Eng
Iish Tonnds for transportation. Tho aams freight
would cost him ~ kopecSs per pooj he had BY
railroad Reside tho expense Of ~ kopecss per pood
the merchant saved coming into contact with the rail-
road ofcias whose manners sometimes ann o. ing
Speaking OF the fa Ing of the largo Russian rivers
which has been the of for tho
last few years Nrde' weekly jcarnai Of 81; Peters
burg. says: This Is bat one OF the symptoms of
threatening evil the DISC conse luences OF which can
hardly be estimated at the present time. 1hs whole
Rnstian territory Is drying very rapidly. Not only
the rivers but the inland and lakes also becon
Ing shAiower and narrower The humidity OF the soil
Ia by considerable percentage les, now than It was
but few years ago. rhs xubicrruneAn waters appear
to be retiring so that In manvprces ali over The empHo
old wells Yield wates unless snug several
feet deeper than hcforc While srtcsian wells require
mois power to DO made effective. The climate chang
Ing accordingly aud assuming tho character OF tho
Asiatc deserts Tho mean temperature IN the sum n,sr
has risen three ana that OF tho winter
has fallen In the same proportion. Immense areas Of
anicksands have formed In many places and are
steadily encroaching upon tho Agricultural soft. We
have yerable sand deserts in he interior OF Rus.
STA The character OF our seppes has been changed
tho formation OF deep ravinsa Tho fauna and
OF the whole country have markedly decrorAted Tho
zons of productive soil has moved southwark and Its
prodnctiveness has greatly diminished Finally iocust<
and destructive insects Of many descriptions have
tied permanently In our best agricultural districts and
dryness and wool nres ably destroy our vegetation
The question Of ntroduc nS tho study Of living ORR
entail languages into tho commercial schools is being
discussed. III believed that tho Ignorance of such
languages Is ono OF the princpal why Russian
traders cannot successfully compete with English and
EArtnl an ten ls-s In ~ D,r.i
Japan 1t is thought that II Russian manufacturer
and exporters will have In the Asstc oountriss agents
like those OF their English and German competitor
well vcrsed In the and OF the Orient
ais they Will soon take the lead there.
The Commission appointed by the Government to 70.
wise tho laws relating to foreigners In Russia has lust
published the results of their investigation about the
influx md emigration OF non russians 1t appears that
there is yearly influx of sooooo foreigners into tho
land Of the Gar. between 1872 and 1882 q 45s i3a
natives Of foreign lands Russia and so25 1913
emigratsd again. thus 49, % remain Cd in
the country those ton years Between 1875 and 1884,
2,"oao75 foreigners came to Russia for lengthy So
journ. and i,s0t.2is left the country. OF the imm
grants during tho ton years 4s7l57i were Ger.
mans. 1905 1888 Austrians. a5,2o7 Persians i2?77l
Frenchmsn. Toss7 Turks, 4i,s7s Roumaniana hui.
RaranA and Serbs; 2nsoi Englishmsn, 1889
Italians l4ss3 Greeks. and l2o.e3s persons
Of various other nationalitics Among the for.
eisnsrs who emgra tod from Russia were 1865
800 dermans LU+95 Austriana, TO-. 7o3 Frsnchmeu
while the emigration of Enulishmen. Persians and
persons OF other natonaties almost equal their
immigration Tho Influx and exodus of foreigners for
the last ten much loss than in the
decade, but their exact numbers not given It's Of
interest 10 notice that the Germans conRregats ST.
Petersburg. RoreL Moscow, Nizhnee NovGorod, and
Faronsk Frenchmen settle In St Petersburg Moscow,
Kisv and Odessa; Austrans stop 10 kamsni,z Podosk
volhynia Kiev. and In the cities the vstua; tho
Creeks Turks, and Italians prefer Odessa tho cities OF
the Crmesu peninsula and Caucasia; Euglishmsn So
journ In the port towns and Americans mostly In St.
Petersburg and odessa
Tho Ministries Of the Interior and Finance have sent
circular to all tho Governors and the Communal
Councils of tho Interior demanding estimates OF the
amount r grain needed for winter seeds and for tho
sus,suancs OF tho peasantry Of their respective dis
trcts for tho ensuing agricultural year. The estimates
be accompanied by exact accounts OF the grains
still preserved in tho communal stores and the probable
yields Of the standing cropa There 10 strong move
ment to prohibit the expectation OF grain foreign
lands until next spring.
The Alexandrovsky and Pootlovsky iron foundriss
and steel rolling mills prepare all the materials
required for the new vessels for tho Russian navy.
Large orders mus. be given 10 foreign foundriea In
order to opviae this difficulty the Ministry Of the Navy
has adopted plan the enlargement Of Its steel roll.
ing mills in kolpeeno and work on It has already com.
menced. According 10 the plan. tho mills will DO able
out daily 400 pools Of steel plates for the
new ironoadA The for these plates will DO sup
piled from the Government mines
Tho Spanish and Portuguese Governments have mott.
fed the Russian Government that the expiration of
the present term they will discontinue their CONNER.
cai treaties with Russia Tho spanish treaty expires
juno so and the Portuguese Feb. D lsN2 At about
tho same time the treaties between Russia
and the other Governments OF Western Europe will
pre. The Ministry of Finance Is At work planning
treaties with Wow OF guarding the interests Of the
Russian trade In Europe
Tho produce merchants have presented petition to
the Agricultural Departments OF tho Ministries I'm
psrai Property and OF the Interior to promote the
tivaton OF juto in the wa.sred regions orthe empire
At present that article which Is used for grain Is
imported from India at from fls to go per This
makes the prco of baggsd grain considerably higher
than II jute could be had in Russia Experiment.
made In its cultivation on the Dnieper and in Caucas
which were perfectly successful Tho grain traders
demand that jute be acclimazed in all the
regions of Russia at the expense and By the encourage
ment OF the Government
Gra.hdann OF st. Petersburg thinks that the Govern
ment should make stronger efforts to suppress the
Koolacks ns;A" men Of violence. interruptions trad.
srs) than makes provide bread for tho furnishing
peAsantry. 1t cites numerous facts to show that In
many p.acos the kooacks have started rumoFS OF bad
crops In order raise tho prices OF grain Of which
they had large to sell The kooacks charge the
farmers Interest the money lent to them;
in many places wclEto DO husoAndmen have bseu so
reduced by the sxtortons OF the KooActs that they
are glad 10 ind work - common aborers in the
lsds which they owned only three or four ago
whsa since become the property OF the extorton
sA Large stretches OF land are lying waste because the
Koolacks have reduced their owners to psnury. and
forced them to leave their homestsads Reproducing
these reports from the GrdIhddntn, . liberal puo.
LEGATION OF Moscow says: what about tue Jswa
Prince Xestchsrsky: They would never carry their
trade In tho manner our own Russian Koo!acks do.
They would false Of bad crops for the
simple that they know that such would
injure their trade In the foreign markets than
they would do them good At homo They would never
redncs lAbore and farmers 10 psnury and has
baEdmen abandon thsir lands because they are too
wise to Kill the goose which lays gold egga You cali
for against the Eooacks and against the JswA while
the trade OF the latter Just tho opposition to the
scrupulous and destructive trade OF the Where
ts your consistency, Prince Mestchsrsky I"
The Ministry Of the Interior has reduced tho monopoly
drugs hitherto In the hands OF licensed apo
WAS found that the manufacturer and Whoieaala