The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1891-03-13
STOCK, FARM AND GARDEII,

STOCK, FARM AND GARDEI. f
In blowing hill-sides the rows 9
aould run neither up nor down the
ill, nor should they be carried on a !
svel along the side; but rather with
very gentle slope down the hill, in
rider that the water may all nave ;
ime to soak into the ground. Thus
he soil will not be washed off, neither
viii the water run off from the field
where it. is needed. Plow the hill in
his manner, and you may rest easy
lurinp even the hardest rains, Tor
here will be no washing nor starting
If bitches or gullies.
If yJu purpose to grow any onions
mis- season, pillow the ground deep as
you will, but afterward roll and har-
Tow and roll again until the soil is
cOmpacted through Its
whole depth. Then make the surface
fine for few inches on the top by
means of light harrow and the hand
rake. The bulb of a well-develOped
onion grows near the surface, the true
roots going down but a few inches.
If the soil is loose and open for any
depth the roots will
grow long, to the evident detriment
Of the bulb, which then often grows
long and slender, instead OF becoming
full aud round.
Nut cultivation must receive more
attention with us than it has hereto
fore. In the South there Is now some
evidence that pecan culture Is taking |
up as serious industry, but there Is
room in other directions. In the
North few things would give better
or steadier return than grove OF
hearing chestnut trees. One Such
grove in Illinois has been in bearing
for 30 wears, and have failed to bear
but twice in that time. TIE average
mas often been as high as two bushels
of nuts to each tree, and prices range
from So to So and So, or even more per
bushel. The timber also is sufficient
ly valuable for posts to warrant plant
ing for that end alone.
For dairy forming where the pas
lures are rough, or where feed and
| fodder are generally rough, no other
breed of cattle will give such goot re-
turns as the Aryshires. They are
tough and hardy, are hearty feeders,
and not at all dainty. They will eat
whatever is presented to them, and
| 5hen lie down and digest it; while
more dainty animal would take the
whole time IN hgnting around for the
food that she relishad, and Ia the qua
grow poor and dry where the Ayrshire
SonId return a fair profit. The
| AYRSHIRE, too, will respond quickly
in the wa OF larger returns for better
food; but she seems specially httso 10
adapt herself to all circumstances:
While for special crops and under
5ystems of Intensive cultivation there
is no question but that good and pay
ing results are often procured by the
use of commercial fertilizers, there Is
very wide question as to whether tht
general farmer can pr9atably res9rt
| 20 them a. q means OF increasing LIE
staple crops, For the farmer barn
ward manure and green sOiling must
be looked to mainly, as these do not
necessitate great outlay of money, anG
are more steadily to be relied on and
5ueaking of barnyard manure-there
is a growing opinion that the barn
ward should become thing OF the
mast. and farm stock kept in stable:
at all times when not upon pasture
or, if a barnyard must be Used,
should be covered so that the manure
, is not subject to the destroying actor
IF the elements. From the stall o.
! the covered yard the manure should
20 at once to the field.
Inventors now seem earnestly a
work irving to perfect a corn-harvest
ing machine, and there seems goot
1 ground for believing that we shat
not be compelled much longer to "cu
e up'' our corn by the old, slow anC
Iaborious practice that we have 81
:ong followed. The most praetlca
D, implement that has yet besn devised
is simply a sled with broad heaV.
j. runners, and bed as wide as can o.
run between two rows or corn. A
t the sides are sharp knives fastened L
, boards which are hinged TO the bed 81
t that thew can be turned up or lie
J down at will. The sled is draw
J through the field, cutting OF two row
"a il goes, and two men riding on tn
= sled pull in the corn as it is cut OIL
{ | With some notifications en- nipple
nent of this sort will also probab4.
j come into use among sugar planter
for cutting the sugar canes, as tha
: work is now all done by hand, and a
a very heavy expense.
G While the manufacture Of sorghum
IL sugar is vet in an experimental state
the outcome of which is only to u
II determined by time aud by the EN-
r pIoyment of large capital in the Ill
: Iertaking, the manufacture or So
ghum syrup is an assured success, an
ia within reach of every farmer Wher
81 the plant will grow. A set of roll
which will cost not more than $lo c
z $50, may be used to crush the cane
r, and may be worked by a horse an
l. sweep. The juice is filtered throug
II fine cut straw 0r-coarse 6agging, an
" 1 inf omen. Sn1
: low iron pans set over single heart
T. of stone work The cane will ylel
II ordinarily about II gallons or syru
II TO the ton, and fair land and oultlVt
D, ton will give 20 tons of cane to tn
u acre. AS the average value or III
l. Lvrup is about 40 cents per gallon,
Il will be seen that an acre of land wi
} produce about 500 in value. In
d seed is also valuable for feeding, an
the leaves make good fodder for
kinds of stock. The crop IS groY
: bending upon good cultivation an
y nIentv OF room for the stalks.
|, Although the fact has been repea
y edIy and fully demonstrated that PIG
le can not be kept healthy on cohcei
Il rated food alone, many farmers col
y .iuue to give them little else durln
} he largest portion OF thelr I'e
, Jorn, either ground or qngrognd,
.. 900 solid and compact food vine
t. Inmixed with other materials, an
q IAN not be thoroughly digested unle'
)i \ certain proportion of rough an
10 bulky food is given with it. A TAI
le IRE to observe this need Is douotl'
ID me of the most frequent causes
E. disease with swine; and even II oil
"a ease does not result, it is well estal
N lished that hogs fed without this vi
riety fail to give the best returns Il
ID he food consumed. Pigs kept up
o. ,ens, so that they are unable to forat
he for themselves, should be fed gree
e. clover; this is one of the best alter;
a, i've and relaxing foods, giving bull
81 md lightness to the other feed, al
TO furnishing, beside, considerab
Id Proportion of muscle-forming mater
n Il. In winter, when this can not
r obtained, it's place may be supple
" ruta- bagas and mangel-wurZel
v. ,1rnips, carrots and other roots;
ne .ut hay and clover steamed
uOistened and mixed with 40
la ran or IN cal, may be fed with equal