Southern standard. (McMinnville, Tenn.) 1879-current, 1891-11-28
Standard McMlNNVILLE TENNEssEE-sATURDAYN oA 28 1891

70 produce a bushel of wheat or
twenty pounds Of pork may have
cost dollar, hut that does not ,make
the price Of the wheat a dollar
hushel or the pork five cents per
pound. Your neighbor may have
better land or may use better meth
DDS than you, and as result his
wheat costs him less per 'hushel; hut
the miller does not pay you more
than him tor wheat Of the same
grade. You may have TO haul your
wheat ten miles to the miller or TO
the railway station, while your
neighbOr has to haul his only five
miles. but on that account you are not
paid more for wheat Of the same
quality. If your wheat and your
neighbours wheat are Of the same
grade, you get the same price Mt the
mill or the railway station; and as to
transport your wheat there has cost
you more, your wheat nets less per
bushel. You may be 500 miles from
Chicago or Buffalo, but your wheat
brings no more per bushel in the Chi
cago or Buffalo market than wheat of
the same grade produced $50 miles
away. Clearly, the wheat produced
nearer the market nets the higher
price on the farm. In every case the
price on the farm is the price paid by
the consumer, less the cost of getting
the produce to him, The consumer
may be in your own county or State
or he may be in Great Britain or
Germany; your product may be
wheat or pork or beef or cotton; in
each case you get the price paid by
the consumer less the cost Of getting
the product to him. Hence, just as
we lesson the cost of transporting Oul
products do we increase the net price
that we receive. To get the sfarn
products of this country each year tC
the consumer costs above $500, 000, 900
reducing transportation costs-nO
only the charges for carrying, bu
commissions, insurance, waste, etc.
only twenty-five per cent, will effec
a very large aggregate saving. =.
We may reduce transportation
charges by working along two lines
first, by reducing the bulk anC
weight of our products, and, second
by cheapening the means of transpOr
tation. We can convert four to si2
pounds of grain into one pound o
pork or beef, or ten to fifteen pounds
of grain into one pound of pork o.
beef, or ten to fifteen pounds ofrougl
feed into a pound of beef or mutton
We can put the feed into yet NOR,
condensed form by converting it int
butter, cheese or wool. Instead o
having four or ten or twenty pounds
we shall have only one pound of orl
or wool or butter to transport. Thi
must effect large saving in cost Q
transportation, and it carries with il
not balancing disadvantages, but III
various advantages Of stock -raisin
over all-grain farming, among whic
may be mentioned securing a suppl
of manure to maintain the fertility {
the land, distribution of labor NOR
equally throughout the year, and tn
utilization of much0rough feed ths
otherwise must be lost.
Second, we may cheaper the NEAR
of transportation. We must at one
recognize the fact that it is not til
lowest-priced article that must be ii
cheapest, and that we may cheape
, a means by expanding money upo
it in such way as to increase its G.
pacity and efficacy. Now, while "
hear much about the extravaganza
and abuses of railway transportation
it is a fact that we can 6ccomplis
much more by giving attention
, highways. The average charge
the railways of the country for tram
porting ton of freight a mileis Onl
about eight-tenths of a cent. TAX
, the average of the country and
cost more to transport a bushel
wheat miles by wagon than 81
miles by rail. On an average of II
whole country, farm products mu
be transported about s miles by W,
} gon on their way to market; there
. more room for saving in the s mil,
of wagon transportation than there
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