The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1891-01-21

and the opening is far wider than for type
writers or clerks. The extent OF our dairy
products Is immense, and increasing, and i'm
q short time trained workers alone can pro-
duce profitable product. These schools in
Europe instruct thoroughly in all details
having shorter or longer courses, according
to degree of instruction sought for. Every
student is exercised in every department Of
the work until it is thoroughly mastered.
Some are private, but usually they are sus-
tanned at public cost. Where these schools
have been a sufficient time in operation the
quality of the butter and cheese has been
greatly improved. The state of New York.
as the leading dairy state, has inaugurated
dairy instructors, and $1,000 appropriated
for itinerant teachers at the factories. The
sum has been since increased, and much
good has been done by these travelling
teachers. A successful school was estab-
lished in Wisconsin last year.
Mr.. r. ID. CURTIS followed with an ESSAY
upon Common Sense in Dairying." lie
remarked that the denunciation Of theory"
was absurd, for there is no progress without
correct theories. Practice must correct
theory. We must read and find out what
others are doing.
A speaker, following Mr.. Curtis, de-
nounced the idea of importing Swedes to
occupy the deserted farms. He said they
were ignorant Of farming and could not get
a living on such land. Another speaker
was glad to have them come for our farm
ers need more and cheaper help He agreed,
however, that those who came did not ap-
pear to be good farmers on their own &C
count. The first speaker was quite bitter
and intimated that he thought there was
some sinister purpose in the matter, but the
second indicated the action of Commits
sioner Valentine very earnestly.
GOVERNOR HOARD made some satrical
remarks upon the pyramidal marks of fool
ishness " observable upon the sides of so
many barns, where manure has been
thrown out under the caves for many years
Valuable and costly as nitrogen is, when
bought in fertilizers the farmers waste
millions of dollars worth every year, and
then cry out that farming don't pay. He
advocated the free use of land-plaster in
stables, as an absorbent of escaping nitro
gen. The prices given for plaster were re-
marked upon, and it appeared that some of
our farmers pay as high as Sl2 ton for it,
when the best Nova Scotia plaster can be
bought in Boston for 81 of the Bowker Fer
tilizer Company
GARDNER S. FAssETT of Enosburg fol-
lowed with an interesting paper on Press
ing Needs of Private Dairying." Many
farms, he said, in Franklin county produce
only 125 pounds, and some only 100 pounds,
/ ,,fI ,,,t 10,
herds average $50 pounds per COW make six
times as much profit. Many dairymen
make good butter most of the time, but
they must do so all the time before they
can reap the gains of sound business
reputation. He thought it serious ques-
ton whether any cow-keeper could afford
to hire his churning done, as so many
seemed to be disposed to do. The factories
do not get more, often not 50 much, as the
private diaries which are rightly managed
The prospects of unskilled dairymen are
getting less all the time, and only by ex-
cellence, uniform excellence of product can
the dairying business be made to give
satisfactory profit, while the public are get
ting more and more particular, and less and
less willing to put up with inferior dairy
products.
The first half of the afternoon session was
given up to the unique and uHapproach-
able lecture of Governor Hoard upon The
Dairy Temperament" in which he dis
coursed wit and wisdom on the choice Of
the right COW for the dairy. Every reader
of this paper who lives on farm might well
afford to send his dollar for membership to
! tla IF no association 10 70
get the full report of an address which
aroused the lively enthusiasm of an audi
ence that crowded every seat in the hall.
The rest of the session was given to the
choice of officers for the ensuing year,
which resulted as follows: President, G.. N.
Arms of Springfield; vice presidents, Claud
Harvey of Barnet and L. II. Sheldon OF
Fair Haven; treasurer, III. w. Vail of North
Pomfret. For secretary j. X. Curtis of
Georgia and f. l.. Bass of Randolph, the
former secretary, were nominated. The
ballot resulted in the election of Mr.. Curtis,
who received ffty-four votes to thirty
seven for Mr.. Bass. George Aitkn of
Woodstock was elected auditor.
The names of the honorary, life and
annual members were ordered printed in
the annual report, together with state
ment of the financial condition of the asso-
citation Mr.. Chaplin moved that the 500
required by law to be expended in the pre-
NUNS be expended in some way. The mo-
ton prevailed. Mr.. Williams moved that
the clause prohibiting any one person from
competing in more than one class be
stricken ont and that the sweepstakes pre-
miums be made more liberal. Mr.. Bass ex-
planned that the prohibitory clause referred
to was inserted because without it butter of
the same churning, and therefore the same
butter, could compete for half dozen
prizes. Sweepstakes premiums have been
made small because the winners receive
other premiums and that the sweepstakes
We're intended more as an honor than any
thing else, Mr. Vail moved an amendment
that gold medal be procured and con-
tested for annually, to become the property
of anv xhibitOr who wins H. for three SuC-