Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1891-12-07
PRESIDENTS VIEWS
As Submitted TO the Fifty"
Second Congress.

TIvES:
The reports Of the heads of the several
executive departments, required by law to be
submitted to Il e, which are herewith trans
United. and the reports .. the secretary OF the
treasury and the a:t.rney-2,caeral. made
directly to congress, furnish comprehensive
view of the administrative work of the last
fiscal year relating to internal affairs 1t
would De of great 8Gva1ta-e If these reports
could have an attentive pcrUsal by every men,
Der of congress and BY al W., take an interest
in public affairs. such perusal could not
fail to excite Il higher appreciation of the vast
labor and conscientious effort which are given
to the conduct Of our civil admin stratiOn.
The reports will, believe, show that every
question has been apprOache ], considered and
decided from the standpoint of public duty
ana upon considerai ions affecting the public
interests alone Again invite to every branch
OF the service the attention and scrutiny OF
congress
Reciprocity
The work OF the state department during
the last year has been characterized by an I'M
usual number or in pOrtant negotiations ana
BY diplomatic results of a notable and highie
beneucIai character. Among those are the
reciprocal trade arrangements which have
been concluded. in the exercise of the powers
conferred by section of the tariff law, with
the republic of Brazil, with Spain for its West
India possessions, and with San Domingo
Like negotiations with other countries have
been much advanced, and ii is hoped that be-
fore the close of the year further definite trade
arrangements of great value will be con-
Guided.
The Seal Question.
In view of the reports which had been re-
ceived TO the diminution of the seal herds
in Behring sea, l deemed it wise to propose to
her majesty's government in February last
that an agreement for closed season should
be made, pending the negotiations for arbi-
tratiOn which then seemed to be approaching
favorable conclusion. After much CORE
spOndence, and delays for which this govern
ment was not responsible, an agreement was
-. H-Ta~ Ia
which Great Britain undertook, from that
date and until May l, 1892, to prohibit the
killing by her subjects of seals in the Behring
sea and the government of the United States,
during the same period, TO inforce its existing
prOhibities against pelagic sealing and to
limit the catch by the fur seal company upon
the islands t. 7JcD skins.
Concerning Boundaries.
Provision should be made for joint de-
marcation of the frontier line between Can
ada and the United States, wherever required
by the increasing border settlements, and
peciaIly for the exact location of the water
boundary in the straits and rivers.
l should have been glad to announce some
favorable disposition of the boundary dispute
between Great Britain and Venezuela, touch
ing the western frontier of British Guiana, but
the friendly efforts of the United States in that
direction have thus far been unavailing. This
government will continue to express its con-
Germ at any appearance of foreign encroach-
ment on territories long under the admins
The determination of a disputed boundary
i easily attainable by amicable arbitration,
where the rights of the respective parties rest,
here,on historic facts, readily tscertainable.-
The president here refers to the crafty
ing results of the labors of the state de-
partment and our ministers abroad in hav-
ing the restrictions on American pork pro-
ducts removed in Germany, Denmark,
Italy, Austria and France
Brazilian Troubles.
The recent political disturbances in the Re-
public of Brazil have excited regret and So
iicitude. The information we possessed was
too meager to enable US to form satisfactory
Judgment of the causes leading to the temper
airy assumption of supreme power by President
F0nseca; but this government did not fail to
express its anxious sOlicitude for the peace of
Brazil and for the maintenance of the free po-
Htical institutions which have been estab-
H-hed there. nor to offer our advice that great
moderation should be observed in the clash of
parties and the contest for the le adership
These counsels We're received in the most
friendly spirit. and the latest Information is
that constitutional government has been re-
established without bl0Odshed.
The New Orleans Lynching.
The lyuchins, at New Orleans in March last
of eleven men of Italian nativity by mob of
citizens most deplOrable and discredita-
bic incident. 1t did not. however, have its
origin in any general luminosity to the Italian
people, nor in any disrespect to the govern
ment of Italy, with which our relations were
of the most friendly character. The fury of
the mob was directed against these men as the
supposed participants accessories in the
murder of a city officer. l do not allude to
this mitigating in any degree this offense
against law and humanity, but only as affect
ing the international questions which grew
out of it. 1t was at once represented by the
Italian minister that several of those whose
lives had been taken by the mob We're Italian
subjects, and demand was made for the
punishment of the participants and for an in
demnity to the families of those who were
killed.
1t is to be regretted that the manner in
which these claims were presented was not
such as to promote a calm discussion of the
question involved; but this may we'll be attri-
buted to the excitement and indignation
which the crime naturally evoked. The views
of this government as to its obligations to
foreigners dOmciled here were fully stated in
the correspondence, as well as its purpose to
make investigation of the affair." with a
view to determine whether there were present
any circumstances that could, under such
rules of duty as we had indicated create an
obligation upon the United States The tenn
p1rary absence of minister plenipotentiary
of Italy at this capital has retarded the further
correspondence, but it is not doubted that a
friendly conclusion is atJainable.
Some suggestions growing out of this I'M
happy incident are worthy the attention of
congress 1t would. believe, be entirely COM
petent for congress to make offenses against
the treaty rights of foreigners domiciled in
the United States cOgniZable in the federal
the federal officers and courts have no power
in such cases to intervene either for the pro-
lection of foreign citizen or for the punish
ment of his slayers- 1t seems to me to follow,
in this state of the law, that the officers of the
state charged with police and judicial powers
In such cases, must, in the consideration of in
ternatiOnal questions growing out of such in
cidents.@ be regarded in such sense as federal
agents as to make this government answer
able for their acts in cases where it would be
answerable if the United States had used it's
constitutional power to define and punish
crimes against treaty rights.
The Gillian Middle.
The civil war in Chill, which began in JAN
uary last, was continued, but fortunately
with infrequent and not important armed col
Hsions, until Aug ., when the congressional
forces landed near Valparaiso and after a
bloody engagement, captured that city. Presi-
dent Balmaceda at once recognized that his
cause was lost, and provisional government
was speedily established by the victorious
party. Our minister was promptly directed to
recognize and put himself in communication
with this government as soon as it should have
established its de factO character, which was
done During the tendency of this civil con-
test frequent indirect appeals were made to
this government to extend beligerent rights
10 the insurgents and to give audience to their
representatives. This was declined, and that
policy was pursued throughout, which this
government, when wrenched by civil war. so
strenuously insisted upon on the part of Euro
Pean nations
The Itata, an armed vessel. &C m handed by a
naval officer OF the insurgent fleet, manned by
it. sailors and with soldiers on board,
seized under process of the United States
court at san Diego, Cal, for violation of our
neutrality laws. While in the custody OF al
officer O. the court. the vessel forcibly
wrested fra &. lis control and put to sea. 1t
would have been inconsistent with the dig
nifty and self-rsspect of this government not
10 have insisted that the Itata should be re-
turned to san Diego, to abide the Judgment of
the court. This 50 clear to the junta of
the Congressional party. established at Iqui-
que that before the arrival of the Itata at
that port. the secretary Of foreign relations of
the provisional government addressed to Rear
Admiral Brown, commanding the United
states naval forces a communication, from
which the following is an abstract.
The provisional government has learned by
the cSbiegrau.s OF the Associated Press that
the transport Itata, detained in San Diego by
order If the United States for taking on board
munitions Of aad in possession OF the
marshal, left the port. carrying on board this
official. who was landed at a point near the
coast and then continue her voyage 1t this
news De correct this government would de-
plore the conduct Of the Itata, and. an evil
deuce that IL Is not DISPOSED to support or