davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15
Universal Labor Federation,

In April Forum w. II. Mallock op-
poses the idea Of complete unity be-
tween the workers of different cOun-
tries. Mr.. Mallock may be mistaken,
but his views are entitled to fair con-
sideration. Here is what he says on
the subject:
"The wider the attempted scope OF
the union or federation we speak of,
the more difficult will become the task
Of uniting the various sections to be
comprised in it, and the greater will
be the antagonism of interest between
these sections. Until all the climates
and soils Of the world offer equal adj
vantages to the laborer, there never
can be an entire community of in
terest between the laborers of all
countries, and in proportion as the
laborers came to own the soils they
occupy, the diversity of interests would
be more and more apparent.
at has often afforded matter for
senseless, useless wonder to philoso-
pliers that the various peoples should
consent to supply soldiers who would
fight and die for the ambition and ag-
grandizement of their rulers. 1t is a
TACT, however, that the various peoples
have done this, and if they have
fought and died for the advantage of
others, we can hardly doubt that they
would do the same for the advantage
OF themselves. The laborers of diff.
ferent countries, in fact, are only nat
ural allies so long as they are in the
presence of what they think to be
common foe-capital; and if once
that foe were removed or crippled they
would find bitterer foes in one another
than they ever found in it."
In the same article Mr.. Mallock
says: "The laborer will never progre is
except with the progress of the capi-
talist.' 1t is singular that with all
his study on this question he has
never thought of a condition in which
the laborer himself would be the capi-
talist.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

The total number of teachers in the
other counties is: Adams, IL; Asotin,
II; Chehalis, 65; Clallam, II; Clarke,
81; Columbia. &c; Cowlitz, 81; Doug
las, II; Franklin, Z; Garfield, 33 +;
Island, IL; Jefferson, "a; King, I4I ;
kitsap, ID; Kittitas, 30; Klickitat, SO !;
Lewis, 3S. The same bulletin shows
that there are 1,6l0 teachers in the
State of Washington, CSC Of whom are
of men, and 954 of the gentler sex.
OF these Spokane has 130, Al Of
them being men and Sc women.
Lincoln, 81; Mason, II; Okanogan,
o; Pacific, IL; Pierce, 156; San Juan,
II; Skagit, 46; Skamania, z; Snoho-
mish, 53; Stevens, 81; Thurston, Sc; F.;
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

Wahkiakum, 10; Walla Walla, 81;
Whatcom, 65; Whitman, III; Yaki-
ma, sc.
In the private and parochial schools
OF the State there are employed 2Oj
teachers, making a grand total OF
1915.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

JUST now an immense quantity Of
potatoes are being shipped from sno-
homish to the larger cities on the
sound. Last years crop was very
large, and it is only lately that the
farmers have been able to get sacks
in order to ship them.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

The city of Tacoma has issued bonds
to the amount OF $3.50 GOO which have
been sold at par, all to one purchaser.
of this amount $350,OOO will be ap-
piled to paying the city Indebtedness
and $2OOOO0 for the new city hall.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

A TRUST deed from the Seattle Con-
solidated Street Railway Company to
the Central Trust Company of New
York has been filed for record with
the Auditor of King county. The
deed is given to secure the payment
of a loan of $l,OOO,OOO, payable in
twenty years.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

THE first iron column ever cast ON
Bellingham Bay was turned out AT
the Bellingham Bay Iron Works last
Saturday. 1t is intended for the Bel
lingham Bay National bank.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15
Nicknames Of Authors.

Emerson-rhc Spinx.
Schillcr-The Republican Poet.
Gocthc-rhe Poet of Pantheism.
Shelley-The Eternal Child.
kcats-The Resurrectionizcd Greek
BSron-Thc Poet of Passion.
Moorc-rhc Butterfly.
Jeremy Taylor-Thc Shakespeare OF
Divincs.
Coleridgc-Thc Insultcd Son Of Re.
yctIc.
Bunyan-Spcnser Of the People.
shakespcarc-The Myriad Minded
Ben Junsun-Thc Divine Bully ot
the Old English rarnassus.
Spcnser-Thc Poets Poet.
Chauccr-Thc Well of English Tn
dciilcd, or the Morning Star of Eng
lish Poetry.
Caclmon-Thc Milton of the Fore
fathers.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

ONE hundred cases OF measles and
several deaths therefrom are reported
at Snohomish. All the schools may
be closed in consequence.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

FoREsr fires in Michigan destroyed
the villages Of Otia, Fields and Par
City. and the hotel and depot ut I.ally
are all that remain. These are vii
lagos o. about 300 inhabitants each.
quite a number of ears Of the Chicago
ard West Michigan Railr, Co. were
also dcsirnNcd
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

kiN" County W. e. I. t. is offering
four prizes Of books to King county
public school children for ESSAYS on
." The effects OF alcohol on the hun an
system.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

FOREST fires near Gainesville, w.
", are causing much damage to fences
and farm property.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1891-05-15

WALLA' Walla proposes spending
$2OO,CW this year in improvements.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
ABOUT GUN BARRELS.
How to Brown and Take General Caro- O
Them.

How to Brown and Take General Caro- OF
Them.
To brown the barrels of n shotgun or
rifle, obtain spirits OF Nitro, | o.; tine
ture of steel, s4dr.; sublimatc of mer-
curry, }1dr.; bluestonc, 1Gdr.; soft or
rain water, u pint. The unmedicated
tincture of iron will do if tincturc of
steel cannot be had; use rain water,
melted snow or ice. if it can be pro-
cured; mix, and let stand week or
less it is allowed to freeze; freezing
spoils it.
The barrels should be polished clean
and bright by rubbing them with oil
and emery. They may afterwards be
polished with No. 100. as the finer the
finish or smoother the surface the nicer
the barrels will look after being
Drowned. The corners alongside of the
rib of a double gun may be polished
out with the end of soft pine stick
moistencd with oil and emery powder.
After the barrels are polished they
should be wiped as clean as possible
with dry cotton cloths and corlled at
both muzZlc and brcech.
TO remove lead from the barrel of a
shotgun take n small piece of common
window glass. pound it up zinc. then grind
it to dust by continued circular mo-
ton Of n pcstlc; sift this powder through
piece of book muslin; prepare rod
with tow; roll it well in the siftcd
glass dust and run it carefully through
the barrel of the gun. Then add some
vaselinc. and, if necessary, again roll in
the dust.
After a few strokes of the rod, wipe
out the barrels with square of clean
flannel, and the barrel will be found to
be as clean and bright as silver and
without scratch, the sitting process
having kept out all particles large
enough to produce Il scratch. The
above method will also remove rust.
Lead is more apt to collect in long bar.
relied guns than in short ones.
Another method is plug the brccch
end and gill the barrel with paraiIinc
oil; let it stand through the night and
wipe out in the morning with an ordina-
ry cleaning rod. tow or flannel capped.
when the leading will all come out at
the first rub. Sporting Life
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
PROGRESS IN SCIENCE.

ANTHONY is found extensively in
Portugal, the largest beds being stu
ntcd near Braganza.
AN electric flying machine was re-.
Gently made to rise TO a height of 20 feet
and fly about 400 yards
SAwDUsT and shavings, when reduced
to powdered charcoal, are now used in
wine to absorb unpleasant odors.
By the use of the camera. with pow
crful telescopes, II new and very large
crater has been shown upon the moons
surface.
A French electrician has gotten up q
device by which he can. send $50 type
written words per minute over n single
wire.
RECENT improvements in telegraphy
enable certain companies to transmit
100 words for twenty-five cents and real
ize handsome profit.
TIE new insect which has attacked
the bcets grown for the sugar industry
has seriously affected that industry on
the Pacific coast
AN alloy of gold and aluminium has
recently been made. Its color is most
beautiful purple, aud it will be valuable
in making up jewclry.
BESIDES the large planets which re-.
volve about the sun, over ESQ others
have been discovered and catalogued.
and science is daily adding to this list
TELESCOPE steel masts or rods are to
be used in lighting the public squares
in Brussels. The object of this system
is to preserve the beauties Of the parks
in the daytime.
A NEW aluminium alloy, with titani-
UNI, is being manufactured in Pitts
burgh. 1t sells ut from twenty-five
cents to one dollar per pound moro than
pure aluminium. 1t is very hard and
elastic and is an excellent material for
making tools. About 10 per cent. Of
titanium is used
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
Parallne In Diph:i,cril.

Mr.. A. NJ. SydncyTurncr. surgeon to
the Gloucester county infrmary. in
forms the Lancet, in reply to inquiries,
that he has treated thirty cases of diph-
liberia children and adults) with para
fine, and has had the satisfaction of
seeing everyone recover His plan is to
ask for the ordinary pnratfine used in
lamps, and, having scraped off the diph-
thcritic patch. to apply the paratlinc
every hour to the throat Internally
with large camcl's hair brush. As n
rule, the throat gets well in from
twcnty-four to forty-cight hours, and
with Improvement in the throat
the paraffine is applied less frequently,
but he continues its use for two or
three days after the complete disap-
pearance of the patches lilo speaks
definitely rs to the therapeutic effects.
but Is unable to state what the chcmi-
cal action of paratfinc on the diphther-
itic membrane is; probably the hydro
carbons in the liquid exert some power
ful influence on the membrane
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
Fuel from Coal Dust.

instead OF using pitch to cement coal
dust together to form briquettcs, Buck
land & Myers employ substances of II
glutinous or farinaceous character,
such rs are obtained from wheat.
barley. rye, or other cereals or vcgc-
tables. per cent to 03 per cent. of coal
dust being n suitable proportion The
mixture may be lsneadcd by hand and
sets in short time. SD that moldins
under pressure is unnecessary. though
the use of molds may bc adopted to aid
rapid manufacture 1t is claimed that
the product burns with less smoke than
the ordinary brique,tcs anal is moro
economical in use Ashes or refuse
matter from coal fires. with or without
fresh coal. may also be utili4cd.-Scicn.
tiGc American
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18

DIR. L. Webster Fox is of opinion that
savage races possess the perception Of
color to greater degree than do
civilized races. In lecture lately de-
livered before the Franklin institute
Philadelphia, he stated that he had just
concluded an examination of $50
Indian children, of whom 100 were
boys. Had he selected 100 white boys
from various parts Of the United
States. he would have found ut least
i've of them color blind; among the
Indian boys he did not discover n
single ease OF color blindness Some
years ago he examined $50 Indian boys.
ana found two color blind, very low
percentage when compared with the
whites Among the Indian girls he did
not find any. Considering that only
two females in every l,Ooo among
whites are color blind. he does not
think it surprising that he did not find
any examples among the Indian girls.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18

one of those contractors who claimed
he had the right of all hotels. am
now ut first-class barber-shop on
Sixth avenue and am doing well. Here
have Il great variety of men to please,
but men who go to the races are the
hardest. Some want the left boot done
first, others the right some insist on
the first stroke OF the brush being up
ward If by any chance forget or do
it different. they say: No use betting to-
day, you have ruined my luck Some,
because dress well, and am polite,
don't think | can be Il bootblacll; others
treat me with greatest politcncss, while
others again laugh at my manners and
call inc count
eat first it angcred rnc. but don't
mind it now. know it is character
and not business makes the man. When
have saved IL couple of hundred more,
| shall travel through the United States,
sec all the large cities and then decide
what | will BEN. Y. World.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
BREyITIES.

The Salvation Army made their first
convert at their barracks Wednesday
night. Their services arc becoming
very popular and are largely attended
by members of every church.
Members of ST. Paul's Episcopal
Church will give Christmas festival to
the children of their Sunday-school in
rooms over Taylor's book store this
evening.
The Christian Endeavor Society of the
Lutheran Church will give social re-
ception to the young folks who attend
their meetings tonight in the Mont
gomery building, on College avenue.
Cashier Rutherauff says he was on the
Brooklyn bridge last summer, but is of
the opinion that the suspension bridge
over Roanoke river at Langhorno's
Mills is a superior structure. His
friends think that his vision is slightly
bedimmed by the smoke from the vast
steel plant in his part of town.
Mr.. st. George Fitzhugh, of Freder-
icksburg, was in Salem Thursday on
business.
Hon. M. B. Rowe, member of the
house for Spottsylvania county, was in
town Thursday OF visit to his friend,
Frank A. Lovelock. Capt. Rowe also
went over to Hollins Institute, where he
has daughter at school.
At business meeting Wednesday
night of members of the Baptist Church,
resolution was unanimously adopted,
to the effect that any member persist
emily INDUCING in public and indlscrim-
mate dancing, shall be regarded as un-
christian like in their conduct and be
subjected to the discipline Of tho
church.
There will be an important meeting
of the ladies' auxiliary this afternoon at
A p. m. at the residence of Mrs. C. X.
Bowers.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
Stockholders, Meeting.

The South Salem stockholders secured
quorum Wednesday night at their ad-
Journed meeting in the otiioo of w. H.
Nelson, when Mr.. w. A. Carpenter, of
Roanoke, took the chair with Thomas
/. ePreston as secretary. There were
1913 shares represented out of a total
OF 25.O32. The report of the president
was read and adopted and the following
officers elected: ]. Il. Crabtreo. of Sa-
lem, president; II. G. Stuart Of Elk Gar
den, vice-prcsident. Board of directors.
A. Il. Forbes, of Warrenton; J. l.. Moon.
of Scottsville; a. M. Bowman, c. l..
Watts and Thomas l. Preston, of Salem,
A resolution was adopted instructing
the officers to proceed at once with the
collection by law of all delinquent sub
sscriptions, after which the me citing adj
journed,
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
Jupun's Crown princc.

The crown prince of Japan, Prince
feshihito liarunomiya, who is now ir
his twelfth year, is very diligcnt
scholar. At the yearly inspection of
the school authorities who have the
superintendent of the children of the
japanese mobility ut Toxic he received
the following certificate: Ills high
ness the crown prince of Japan during
the last year (thc fourth of his yearly
course of elementary studics) has not
missed day in his attendance mt
school. and herewith receives honorable
acknowledgement Of same
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
Electricity and Vegetation.

The experiments made ut Cornell
university and in France to ascertain
the effect OF the electric light upon
vegetation have demonstrated its won
dcrful property of greatly stimulating
almost every variety OF vegetable life
The colors OF flowers are intensified
and an increased yield Of fruits and
vegetables of nearly 100 per cent has
been obtained without diminishing the
otor of the former or the flavor Of the
latter The parts OF the soil arc more
actively dissolved by the influence Of
the light. and are thus brought within
reach Of the roots
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
TIE WALKING LEAF.

are very wide and reach TO the cxtremi-
ty of the body As if TO add to the
singularity of these creatures and to
keep up the illusion, the eggs Of several
species are ribbed and colored precisely
like the seeds of several plants. The
species illustrated. phyllium sissifolum
is native Of the East Indies and is
found there in large numbers. They
live in the underwood of several shrubs
and devonr their leaves during the
night. while at daytime they remain al
most motionless and show signs Of life
only when disturbed.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
SPICY HEAPT COOKIE.
Queer Mollaso Which Is Considered n
h Delicncy by Many.

h Delicncy by Many.
/ Tho family of Cardiad;e comprises
the cookies, of which there are numcr-
Gus varieties and sub-varieties, and de-
rive their name from tho peculiar
hcart-shapcd form of the shell, which
has indcntcd hinges and corrugations
running beam-lille from them to tho
outer rim. The common variety, Car
dium edulc, is numerous on the British
coast, and. although marine animal,
it often prefers brakish water to the
salt waves of the ocean. The common
cookie is found in great numbers and,
although consumed as food, is by far
inferior to the one illustrated here
with. On the sandy coast of Torquny
this mollusc is gathered, and properly
prepared the red noses" are considered
dclicacy by many. On the coast of
Scotland the cookies are plentiful There
they arc not n luxury, but necessary
food for the poorer classes, on which
they depend to n large extent Men,
women and children gather this mollusc
at the rccciing tide and either use it
for their own sustcnancc or sell it in
the streets of the town at low price.
On the coast of Hebrides there are
large. ineXhauSible banks of these
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
Nnturnl Sculpturc.

William III. Thompson. Il retired bust
ness man of Salem, Mass. claims to bc
the discovcrcr of the likeness of n hui
man figure formed by the rocks Of
Eastern Point, ut the entrance of the
harbor of Gloucester. Cape Ann. lie
has named it odd Mother Ann" 1t is
singular that the curicus formation has
never been noticed before The head is
about five hundred feet fror, Eastern
Point lighthouse. IL faces the sea. The
body 10 reclining and the effect is that
OF au old man ct case and watching toe
ships 60 by.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
THE WALKING LEAF.
An Extraordinary Insect Found In thu
East Indies.

An Extraordinary Insect Found In the
East Indies.
Among the insects. especially those
of the hotter climates, the most strange
forms are found. and some of them are
SO thoroughly disguised that only when
they are in motion it is seen that they
arc living creatures. Chief among these
are the walking stick" and the
walking leaf" They belong to the
family of Phasmidn, very appropr
ate name, meaning n "spectcr." The
former resembles u broken twig, and
tho latter. of which we give an engrav.
ing, fallen leaf. The peculiar leaf
like elytra is there plainly shown, also
the singular manner in which the limbs
are furnished with wide flattcncd ap-
pcndagcs, in order to carry out the
lcafy aspect Only the females possess
the widc-vcined wing covers, those of
the males being comparatively short.
The wings are entirely absent in the
female, while in the opposite sex they
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
POSTAL CLERKS SALARIES.

Congress viii &c Asked to Establish
Them on m Entirely New BASIS.
The National Association of Post
Office Clerks, At their annual meeting
held in Pittsburgh last September,
authorized the drafting of bill for
presentation to the coming congress re-
garding the promotion and pay of those
entering the service under the civil
service rules.
The new bill has been completed and
copies of it furnished the press for pub
lication by National Secretary C. II.
Slusscr. The BILL if favor ably acted
upon by congress, will cause n complete
revolution in the grading of salaries
The bill provides that all salaries of
heads of departments shall have the
amount of their salaries based upon
those of the postmaStcrs.
The association declares that the in
side mon in orr post Offices are not
properly treated by the Cover nment,
having neither the cight-hour system
nor vacations, and this step is taken to
effect. if possible, change of the exist
ing system in their favor.
The bill sets forth the amount of sal
airy asked for each cmploye, from post
master to janitor, and in no instance
can the sum named be considered eX-
ccssivc.
The members of the association are
sanSuinc of success and will put forth
every effort to secure the passage of
their bill.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18
MoUcuorR and glovo cases. Thompson
GRAND LODGE OFFICERS

Prof. Peasants, of Hollins, Elected Grand
Master Mason of Virginia.
RICHMOND, Va, Dec. fright Wor-
shipful William Henry Peasants, of
Hollins Institute, was elected Grand
Master Mason Of Virginia at the 1O4th
annual session OF the Grand Lodge of
Virginia, A. f. and A. NJ, yesterday
evening. The Grand Master, j. How
ard Wayt, of Staunton, declined re-
election. much to the surprise OF the
craft. Prof Peasants Acknowledged
the honor in feeling terms. After the
stalled.
The following were tho other grand
officers elected and installed:
Mann Page, Prince George, deputy
grand master; j. Z. Fitzgerald. Farm
vile, grand senior warden; A. Il. Court
ney, Richmond. gra I'd junior warden;
w. T. Allen, Richmond, grand treas
urer; Wi liam j. Isaacs, Richmond.
grand secretary; r w. ~. Duke Jr., of
Charlottesville, grand junior deacon.
The Roanoke times. [volume] (Roanoke, Va.) 1890-1895, 1891-12-18

a SMALL FIRE.
What Might Have Been a Con-
fIagation Averted.
ROANOKE TIMES BUREAU,
BILLIARD IL PERsINGER BLDG,
SALEM. VA, Dec II,

What might have been serious con-
fagation occurred shortly after mid
night this morning at tho McConkcy
house on Broad street, which by cool
headed people and a FREQ uso of water
from a convenient hydrant, was con-
cupied by Mr.. Il. b. Penick and family,
who sleep on the first floor.
Shortly after ~ o'clock Mrs. Penick
awoko her husband, telling him the
house was on fire. Both of them went
into the next room where live spark
from kitchen range had ignited some
kindlipg wood, and that with portion
of the flooring was in light blaze.
Mrs. Penick went and housed tho
children, and then assisted her husband
in carrying water in buckets from the
hydrant near the door and throwing it
on the fire, which was soon extin-
guished, not. however, before considera-
Bile damage was done to the furniture
in the room. The wind was blowing
fiercely that night, and owing to the
steam pump being under repairs at the
time, it is fortunate thing that the
fire did not gain Roadway, for the water
supply from the reservoir would soon
have been exhausted and the n many of
the handsomest houses on Broad street
would have been at the mercy of the
flames.
1t Is to be hoped that the town coun-
Gil will at once have the old pump on
the river thoroughly repaired, so that
it can be used in cases of emergency
whom the steam pump is out of order.
The authorities should attend to this
matter Immediately.