The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1891-06-19
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY,

Salt is cheaper in some parts of
Kansas than plastering sand.
1t is claimed that in almond and
Madeira nut culture the Pacific coast of
the United States bids fair to surpass
the world.
The Poncho Springs in Colorado are
all on the side of mountain, and hot
and cold water flows from the ground
in places not more than three inches
apart.
in the new discovery for photo
graphy in natural colors, when the
prints are viewed by transmitted in
place of reflected light, each color is re-
placed by its Complementary one.
According to a German authority it
has been found that zinc will rapidly
corrcde when in contact with brick
work. To prevent this, roofng-felt is
placed between the zinc and the brick
work.
Two chemists, Frenzy and Verneuil
who have been experimenting for sew
eral years in the produ ction of artificial
rubies, report that they have now over
come the difficulty that has hitherto
prevented them from producing large
rubies. and they can make them of rea-
sonable size.
The water of the central basin of
the Mediterranean has been found to be
warmer, denser and richer in dissolved
salts than the western. While Il white
disk was only visible at fortyNthree
meters, Photographic plates were
affected ut 500 meters.
People who sneer at the suggestion
that aerial navigation is not practic-
able should be admonished by the ire
during the present century. A flying
machine would not seem half SO wild a
scheme as the telephone if both were
unknown. Inventive Age.
-Weldless steel chains are being ex-
perimented with in England The
chains are cut from blank after the
same general methods employed in cut
ting out a chain from single piece OF
wood. AS steel is used, it is asserted
that the weight can be reduced one
third from what was necessary in old
chains of similar strength.
As regards the entertainments Of
the orchard moth caterpillars on fruit
trees, Miss Ormerod, entomologist of
the Royal Agricultural society, main
tains that no thorough remedy is known
excepting spraying the trees with in
secticidcs of such nature, and SO ar-
piled, as will kill the whole collection
of rava%ing hordes at once without in
| juring the LEAKAGE or promise of fruit.
Solutions of Paris green, Bordeaux pur
| pie and other arsenical pigments have
been found effcctual.
In France tests have been made with
sulphate of copper, lime and water as 9
spray in preventing potato disease, with
much success, it is stated, Another eX-
perimenter uses sulphate of iron in,
stead of the copper salt with equal eff
feet. The value of those vitriols in com
bination with lime was recognized in
this country many years ago, but if the
| French eXperimenters can regularly CO.
| tain the result stated great reduc-
ton in the percentage of diseased
tubers-various methods of applying
the salts will be tried, especially with
! sulphate of iron, which is much cheaper
than the copper salt
The latest Investigations show that
bacteria are spheroidal, rod-like, or
spiral. Under the most powerful micro
| scopes they are found TO have a granu-
lar mass in the center, surrounded by
| thin, Structureless mem brane. Under
favorable conditions, with plenty of
! food they divide across the middle each
part growing longer and again sub
dividing and SO on indefinitely. If this
| should go on for few weeks these
minute animals would become SO nu-
merouS that they would use up all the
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
| there is available for life purposes. But
their increase is limited by the facts
that the food supply gives out, the sun
is their deadly enemy, and they exhale
various chemical substances that are
poisonous to themselves and to each
| other. School journal.
As the interests and industries of
the west are more fully developed it is
reasonable to assume that the com
mcrce of the lakes will gain in impor-
tance, giving cheap and reasonably
rapid service between the east and the
great producing sections of the north
west. Certainly this will be the case ii
the government should decide to make
the Hudson river navigable for sea
going ships as far as Troy. Improve
ment of the great Waterways of New
York is all that is necessary to keep the
tide of commerce at full flood upon the
lakes and through to the metropolis.
The west and northwest are interested
no less than are the metropolis and the
Hudson valley in bringing to perfection
| the great system OF water communica-
! ton between the army of western pro-
ducers and the Sea-coast.-Troy Times
The Humors of Bathing.
Some of the experiences that have
overtaken maidens ambitious of be-
coming water sprites are very funny.
One young lady went down to the
waters edge with never thought of
going in. She did not own bathing
suit, but, becoming infatuated with the
looks of the sport, she determined tc
hire Il suit and sally forth. She picked
| ont n costume which she thOurht vyould