New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-10-12


heathfulness! 49, % onr
There is no doubt that in the matter Oh our
dairy nroducts, a serious injury has oeeh w.
N our export trade by reason oil the iiequeN
mort NJ inferior goods, and even OF goou' IN
tanning foreign and sometimes dele'eiiOus
stances AS it is, large part Oh Jul i
trade in dairy products has been taken Ho4 80
ord has zone to swell that OF otner 0ouA 80
To recover our lost ground IN 'nS hr, tho
,,ill no a matter of time and Vigilance '1o
.,ros,acts iustifv the effort. Even IN sue A~se.
=, tnr,, and size Of package, we must ieaiu "H%V
VI ,,, -. N,,;, tho foreign consumer IL Is wen
WI . 800 thot butter should, in all cases. ue
..;.;noIIv in the package In winch ]" WIZ
no cold eventually thus aVoiuins .no -. ::
70 ov-N liz All these are little THINGS ppC IL
- h olose attention TO these h'.ie O' 1
- can alone be made prou'a'i''
- N things seek to cater 10 INC '"'OeS "
- - ,,betber at home or aoroau' anu Az ~
e.. consequence that In foreign countries .ne
name American" snoulu NC y
| honesty and healthiuiness 49,. -s.,,.,,xo
hO.eS% cther needs of American agriculture
AI'0Ds rsgard as urgent is thorough and
"n.oA +;o nouiry into the soil, climatic aud mar
sssJ,ions of all portions of our country, to the
AeS .'o, we NAV thoroughly understand to what
enu IRONS or particular line of agriculture eacn
sp'.-- = hest adapted, and what products Will, IN
roo,;on reward the farmer as being the most
ELL, and profitably disposed of. We must
~sorS,and what methods of cultivation are best
UJontod 70 the several localities, with view 10
~on'hining successful production with economy.
Svstamatie and intelligent experiments Win the
eeveraI crops and with different varieties OF une
same crop combined with close oDserVauoh vi
tho nature of the soil and of the climatic condl-
toms favorable to their highest Development are
essential TO success in agriculture. can oeeU
illustrate my meaning by an example. roi IN
stance in the case of cereals, II wouid very heiS
he found that certain varieties, securing INC "0U
results in the Mississippi Valley, would not uiee'
ith oopaI success in the Pacific or Eastern States
I'd ,,;ce versa This has already been found 10
10 rho case as the result of private experiment.
INT nothing has been done in the direction OF
,horouob and systematic study Of the adaptation
80 snecia varieties of our leading cereals TO dill
corent localities The fact that the Weather
bureau is now an integral part OF the depart
mont Of Agriculture would necessarily bring IL
into line as an active and valuable factor III suci
AN INQUIRY Experiments of similar charac'eI
in which all peculiarites of soil ana climate niu'V
be carefully noted are urgently needed In 'ne
case of the various fbres, notably nenp ana haA'
SUGGESTION
ot;c ;nouiry indicates another need OF American
agriculture which is of the first importance h"ine
w. co-operation, for this and other purposes re-
ltipg 20 nractical agriculture, of all the educa-
roual forces at present engaged IN this line OF
work We have in this country, aside from the
National Department, State Board or Commls-
ioner of Agriculture in every State in the Union
In each State we find q college, drawing AOeIal
annual income from the National treasury IN ao-
dition TO the generous endowment originally De-
slowed upon it under the act OF 1862 anu, along
side OF each college, an experiment stauon u
which is allotted from the National treasury an
annual income Of $4,000. In addition 10 thest
State boards and colleges and stations, we nave III
MANY States. farmers institutes, organized undei
| the State law and drawing an income from uht
! State Treasury Then we have National and state
and county organizations of voluntary character
devoted TO horticulture, dalrylng, stocK-oreeuIls
| etc All these should be brought into line VIII
| some well-conceived plan for systematic cO-opera
| i've work in behalf OF practical agriculture a
present the only attempt at anything oil inc KIN
| ,s renresented by the unquestionably feeble nnl
which connects the Department of Agricultut'
| with the stations, and by the voluntary organiza
ton. undertaken by the college ana statlon WORK
ers themselves which meets yearly IN some part o
the country for counsel anu cooperation.
thorough and hearty cooperation between thes
various bodies and their representatives III the col
lection of data relating TO the various crops raise
in different sections OF the country, accompanies
with reliable observations on the SOILS anu cHldo
of the various localities, would supply Vas
amount of valuable information, the pracucal ue
auctions from which could be, through the sam
agencies. promptly and widely distributed TO thos
who are to be benefited.
! Other conditions. urgently needed for the fuI
fruition of my anticipatlons as TO the future o
American agriculture undoubtedly exist, many o
which must necessarily depend somewhat upon Tn
natural growth OF the country and the varou
| changes especially III regard TO questions oil sDO
| and capital, which such growth must lneVl'aoi
bring abeut For instance, relatively TO tn
profits of agriculture farm labor is lar more c0soi
han in many other industries The remedy
| This particular, however, cannot be forced, al
must await necessarily the change III condition
which will attend the general progress OF the couI
try. a.,
ouestion of labor lis that Of capital. AT present
= 4bouobt that of all industrial occupation
aoriculture oilers the least inducement 10 the III
| stp,ent of capital The principal remedy ~
chic STAFF of things we must necessarily look IL
| IN tine general tendency To an abatement III IN
nro6ts of speculation which time Will bring aDou
in course OF time in this country, as Ill other an
older countries, capital will be more and more dl
nosed 10 seek security rather than high rate
interest. AS our population increases the amour
Of cultivabie lands necessarily Remaining stauoi
arv. the ownership of land Will naturally De moi
greatly desired. As everybody now has come
understand fully. it will not be great many veal
before all land available for agricultural purpose
without special preparation involving very Col
siderable expense, will be in the hanaS Oh ~it~'
owners. just soon as tnat periou ID ieuo 'l'
we may look for a considerable rise ~ 'ne salU
~ land throughout the country. this being accom-
aniod as | opine it will, by restriction Oh u
- oonortunities which now exist for the en-