davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
INDEBTED TO CRANKs.
Inventions Which They Brought to Light
by Their Endeavors.

by Their Endeavors.
Aluminium Age.l
Every time we strike match we are in
debted to the men who have studied science
for the mere love of it. The men who worked
away at coal tar Gust to see what was in it, +"
made the whole world their debtors by dis
covering alizarin, the coloring principle of
madder. And to those men the world is in
debted also for aniline, antipyrine and more
than 100 other coal tar products. Scientists,
wondering what was in crude petroleum,
found paraffine and vaseline. Pasteur won
dered what caused fermentation. He found
out, and brought u new era to wine making.
The singing and dancing of the tea kettle
attracted the attention of n brain, and we
have as a consequence all the applications
of steam. The swinging of chandelier in
an Italian cathedral before the eyes of
young Calico was the beginning of train
of Thought that resulted in the invention of
the pendulum, and through it to the perfect
ing of the measurement of time, and thus its
application and use in navigation,
tronomic observations, and in q thousand
ways we now pass by unnoted. has been of
such practical value that the debt to scien-
tific thought, even in this one instance, can
never be known. Science, i'll its study of
abstract truth, is ever giving to man new be-
ginnings. While the devil is engaged in
finding mischief for idle hands to do, science
is eternally at work finding something use
ful for them to do.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
VOLTS COMET.
1t VIII Pass Through the P1eiades Next
Month-A Chance For Astronomers.

1t VIII Pass Through the PIeiades Next
Month-A Chance For Astronomers.
SAN Francisco, Aug 26.-Prof. Barnard, Of
Lick Observatory, Mount Hamilton, fur
nishes the following:
can interesting phenomenon will be
witnessed by astronomers during the Sd, 4th
and 9TH of September. VOLTS comet, whose
return was first announced from the Lick
Observatory on May 81 last, will pass through
the Pleiades on the above dates Ibelieve no
comet has ever been seen to pass through
the cluster. This phenomenon will be of
interest principally from the proba-
cradle stars. From the dimensions and
rapidity of motion of comets occul-
tations of the fixed stars by them
are not unfrequent The pas
sage of u comet in front of a star cannot, in
the true sense of the word, be called an oc-
cultation of the star, for it does not disap-
though occultations or transits frequently
occur, it is quite seldom that any but small
stars lie exactly in the path of a comet.
There is another problem connected with
thrown by observations of stars when shin
ing through them. At present we know ab-
solutely nothing of the mass and density of
any of these cometary bodies. We only
know that such must be exceeding
ly small. 1t would be possible to ar
rive at some definite idea of the den-
s1ty OF the cometary matter If the light of
star in passing through it should be re-
fracted as it is in passing through our atmos-
phere. This can be determined by accurate
measurements OF the relative position of a
star before, during and after tho transit of a
comet in front of it. The amount or even
existence OF such refraction has not yet
been certainly determined.
"The passage of VOLTS comet through the
Pleiades will therefore be of more than ord
mary interest, as 1t will give an opportunity
to test the problem. The comet will not
pass over any of the brightest stars 1t
will, however, pretty certainly transit the
two bright stars, Asterpe and
Pleione. The passage over the first
of these will occur on the morning of
September 4, at about 3:l5 O'Clock, Mt. Ham,
ilton time: the second on September 5, at
O'Clock P. NJ. A 9Hmagnitude star will
probably be centrally occulted on the 9th at
noon. These last two cannot be seen here,
but will be observable in Australia. 1t will
also perhaps partly transit the second star
of Asterope at about O'Clock A. M. Septem-
har
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
sUMATRA's GRIEVANCE OUR GAIN.

Democrats who prefer party success to
patriotism should cork up the foreign foes
Of the Mckinley tariff The worst blows
the free traders are getting come from
their own friends. Here's Mr.. Kaufman,
a tobacco planter of Sumstra, denouncing
the Mckinley bill as an outrage, because
the duty on tobacco for wrappers has cost
the planters of Sumatra $50, ,OOO 600 already.
1t is worth noting before going further
that the farmers of the Connecticut and
Housatonic valleys will receive So, 900, 900
for their tobacco crop this year, as COM
pared with 81, 10000 for the crop of 1889.
This is a result, which Americans may re-
joice to see, Of the new tariff. There are
a good many farmers in the Eastern part
of this State who already have also felt
the benefit of the new duty on tobacco
wrappers, and doubtless some Democrats
among them. They will know how to
vote
This interference with Sumatra's COM
mand of the American market makes Mr..
Kaufman and his fellow planters angry
This is not unreasonable or strange. But
it doesn't matter much to us. Mr.. Kauff-
mann says, moreover, that the Sumatra
tobacco-raising industry will be transferred
to America, which he candidly admits he
does not like because 1--WE will have to
have American labor to do our work, as
we are not permitted to import coolies
1t will interest many of our readers to
hear what Mr.. Kaufman has to say about
the comparative conditions Of tobacco pro-
duction here and in Sumatra. ''Iere," he
says, "WOrkmen are paid altogether too
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
TERMS OF THE DISPATCH.
ITTsBURG, THURSDAY, AUGUST q, 1881
FOR CHILEAN LIBERTY.

The civil war in Chile owing to the re-
moteness of that country has not been as
well understood here as it should have
been, considering the deep interest that
the United States must always feel in the
struggles of any people for liberty. Still,
the sympathies of this nation have been
with the Constitutional party in the main,
and THE DISPATCH has contended again
and again that Balmaceda had betrayed
the character of an nunscrupulous tyrant in
his course from the beginning. This view
is supported and confirmed abundantly by
recent revelations, and the pamphlet
written by Pedro Montt, the confidential
agent of the Constitutional Government,
entitled "An Exposition of the Illegal
Acts of ex-President Balmaceda, Which
Caused the Civil War in Chile" leaves no
room for doubt that the war is waged by
the Constitutionalists for the very life of
the Republic.
Mr.. Montt recounts the events which led
up to the struggle, and they justify him in
stating that, to parallel the situation in
Chile at this moment by an example from
American political history, it must be sup
posed that the Senate of the United States,
in 1868, had found President Andrew
johnson guilty of high crimes and misde-
meanors, and removed him from office;
and that then instead Of obeying its man.
date he had dissolved the Congress at the
point of the bayonet, and declared that he
would collect the taxes, disburse the
public revenue, maintain the army and
navy without any appropriation having
been made for that purpose, according to
his own will and pleasure. In word,
that adopting the maxim of Louis XIV. of
'F' etat C. est nao5''-had proceeded to rule
this great country after this fashion.
Such an attempt at usurpation in the
United States is too improbable for the
widest fancy, but unfortunately Chile is
now actually going through this exper-
ience.
Such is the exceptional condition of
Chile. The Constitutional Government
exercises authority from the 18th to the
29th degree, and in all this territory the
rights and guarantees for persons and
property. under the Constitution and laws,
are as scrupulously respected as in the
best governed countries of the globe.
In the territory over which Mr.. Balma-
ceda exercises authority there is neither
Constitution nor laws to restrain his tyran-
nical acts. The only law he invokes is
his own unrestrained will, which does not
respect even those fundamental principles
recognized as the foundation of all law
Happily, the growth of the Constitution
alist party in moral strength and physical
resources is unmistakable, and this victory
which they won the other day is ap-
parently the precursor of final triumph.
The people of the United States will hail
the overthrow of Balmaceda and the re-
establishment of the Republic with gen.
uine JOY.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
EUROPE is IN THE SHADOW.

War clouds are gathering again in
Europe. There does not seem to be much
chance of Europe getting clear of these
ugly shadows upon its peace except by
thunderstorm which shall shake empires
and remodel the Old Worlds map. No
new cause for apprehension has been de-
veloped, but that France and Germany
are nearing another conflict is the prevail
ing belief among observers not given to
alarmiSj views. For the moment
the innocuous and pretty water
party at Portsmouth, which enabled
Queen Victoria to pay some graceful
compliments to her French visitors at the
risk of sea-sickness. has given pause to
the tide of war-talk that the effusive
courtesy of the Gar to the officers of the
French fleet at Cronstadt set in motion.
Even while all the official newspapers of
Russia, Germany and other interested
countriss, including the excitable scribes
of Paris, are describing the pacific effect
these international courtosies must have,
the arms factories of Russia are running
double turn. the French troops are pre-
pairing for autumn maneuvers on grander
scale than ever, and Emperor William is
once more in the saddle reviewing his be-
loved soldiers, and exhorting them to re-
member that the peace of Europe depends
upon them.
The approaching hard times in Europe,
which bad harvests have made inevitable
in Russia and probable in most of the Con-
tinental countries, may prove new factor
In the situation, but whether famine and
discomfort will weigh for war or peace be-
tween the nations is a question. The
darkness across the water is in striking
contrast to the brightness shed by peace
and plenty over this blessed land
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
A Glacial Giant Granite.

To the Editor of The Dispatch:
A few miles north of New Castle, on the
farm of William Whaley, and near the line
of the old coal railroad, an immense red
granite boulder, transported thousands of
centuries ago, by the ice, from the Adiron-
dack Mountains, in New York, or the Lau-
rentian Mountains in Canada, may be seen
found it's circumference to be 81 feet 7 inches;
its weight would be over 12,OO0 pounds or so
tons. A few years ago, when our streets
were being paved with glacial granite from
our fields, it had very narrow escape from
destruction. Without the consent of Mr.
Whaley, on whose farm it was, a hole two
feet deep had been drilled for the purpose of
blowing it into fragments, but the timely ar
rival Of Mr.. Whaley prevented it's destruc.i
ton. E. NJ. MCCONNELL.
NEW CASTLE, August 26.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
Obituary Notes.

JOHN j. BRADLEY, who was conspicuous in
New York City politics during tho career of
Tweed, died at Lake Mahopac Sunday. While
State Senator. he led the movement to pass the
Tweed charter which reorganized lhe city gov
ernment.
HIRAM H. SCHWARTZ, Judge Of the Orphans
Court of Berks county, member of the Berks
county bar for over 80 years, and an ex-member of
the Legislature, died after a long illness at his
home, ut Kutztown, Berks county, Tuesday even
ing, aged TO years.
Elizabeth, died Tuesday. aged IS. She was maid
of honor at the court of King George ". of Eng
land and afterward married a British officer.
Upon his DEATH half a century ago, she i went to
farmer of Clinton township. She died without
making u win, and, having no heir, her property
valued ct e10, 900. goes to the state.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY.
The Fight Over Offices Results in the East
Taking All in Sight.


ESPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE DIsPATcH.l
WATERBURY, CONN, Aug. 26-The fight ex.
pected over the election of officers at the
National Convention of the Daughters of
Liberty here. has subsided by the defeat of
the junior department on their attempt to
capture the chief offices. After the election
offs. r. Stevens, bank clerk of Marlboro,
Mass, as National Councillor, there was a
hitch between the East and West for the
place of Vice Councillor. A. F. Burkitt, of
this city, was the candidate of the East, and
q. e. Kepple OF Pittsburg, of the West. Mr.
Burkitt got So votes, and was within seven
votes ofan election last night when the con-
vention adj journed.
This morning the big Eastern States got
together and brought about the election of
Burkitt almost unanimously, and then fol-
lowed the election of other officers, all of
whom represent the East. They are as fol-
lows: Associate Councillor Emma F. Lud-
lum, New Jersey: Associate Vice Coun-
cilor. Miss L. A. Buddington, New York;
National Secretary, W. o. Staples, New
York: National Treasurer, G. II. Burton,
New York.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

MANY of the best informed minds in
Europe think that there is something very
like an alliance between Russia and France.
The recent friendly meetings between Off
cials of both nations have confirmed this
view, and now the British papers are en-
gagged in an effort to dissuade France. The
London Spectator in its last issue hints that
the alliance is one that Frances friends "do
not like to see acknowledged too openly"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

HTPPoLYTE' side of the story is now
coming from Haiti. The public is being
RECALLED with accounts of his kindness and
goodness of heart, and it is given out that
he never has been bloodthirsty or maniaca |.
If this is the case there has been some pretty
loud prevaricating somewhere, for the gen
eral opinion of this sovereign of the little
Haitian island is that he is about as erratic
as a tyrannical despot could be-
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

THE International Congress of Biologists
is in session at Washington and it is to be
expected that an unusual amount of infor-
nation will be disseminated. The value of
these meetings of scientists can hardly be
estimated in advance, but there is much to
learn in the geology of the country and the
ories may be advanced which will prove of
benefit both to this State and the others in
this vicinity.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

A KANSAS University is about to institute
q course on "The Study of Women" There
is nothing strange in this Man has been
making study of woman for centuries and
is just coming to the conclusion that the
more he investigates the subject the less he
knows. The authorities of the university in
question have good deal of nerve to spring
such course upon the innocent students
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
Must Be Tried in Allegheny.
To the Editor of The Dispatch:

TO the EUItOr OI IHt DI5pdICII.
Please answer this question. A man was
stabbed in Westmoreland county on satur-
day night and died in Allegheny county.
Where shall the man who did the abbing
be tried, in WesGmoreland county or in Allie
gheny county. w. NJ
WEBSTER, August g.
lin the case of the United States against
Guiteau, the court decided that "the crime
of murder is complete where the felonious
blow is struck, Notwithstanding that the
death happens within another Jurisdiction. 4"
The case must therefore be tried In West
moreland county.l
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
TEXANS ARE sKEPTICAL,

But General Dyrenforth Is SATISFIED With
the Results of His Illuminating.
MIDLAND, TEX, Aug. 26.-The public has
already been informed of the preliminary
experiments which have been made by Gem
eral Dyrenforths RAINFALL expedition on
the Chicago ranch, near this station.
General Dyrenforth expresses himself
we'll satisfied with the experiment. here, but
it is said no one else can be found who has
implicit faith in the rainmaking process.
The work of the expedition at thfs point
will soon be completed. when a change of
base will be made to obtain different con-
ditions under which to make further tests.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

In New Jersey, when a man seeks re-
venge upon u neighbor he puts poison in
his well. 1t is hard to decide which is the
worse, his crime or that of the Buffalo man
who forced his wife to drink poisoned
water. Both ought to be punished to the full
extent of the law.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

MoRoCCo's Sultan has hit upon a new
method for executing rebels. He has them
bound and laid out in a row and then his pet
elephant steps on them. 1t is not quite so
nice a method as electrocution, but it is
equally effective.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
THE PENNsYLvANIA's BUSINESS.
A Comparative Statement of the Railroad
Company's Earnings and Expenses.

n
Company's Earnings and Expenses.
PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 26.-The statement of
the business of all the lines of the Pennsyl-
vania Railroad Company is follows: All
lines east of Pittsburg and Erie for July,
1891, as compared with the same month in
1890 show an increase in gross earnings of
s3O5, ,3l6: decrease in expenses of STA, ,4O3; an
increase in net earnings of $4l9719. The
seven months of 1891, as compared with the
same period of 1890, show a decrease in gross
earnings of SIT, ga: a decrease in expenses
of S629 335; an increase in net earnings of
SAIL 554.
All lines wines west of Pittsburg and Erie
for July, 1891, as compared with the same
months in 1890, show an increase IN gross
earnings OF $50 12s; a decrease in expenses of
S4S, ,2l2 an increase in net earnings of Sl3l $40.
The seven months of 1891, as compared with
1890, snow a decrease in gross earnings of
81, l07 AGO; decrease in expenses OF 81, ,48 ZOO;
an increase in net earnings of S341, 800.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
No Break There.

St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
OF course the Democrats who said that
Major Mckinley is a free silver man were in
error. All his speeches of the present can
vass show that he is sound money cham
pion. There is no break in the Republican
line on this question in Ohio or any other
State.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
Social Chatter.

THE Sunday school of the Third q. p.
Church will picnic at 1dlewild to-day.
THE eighth and last of the popular con-
certs under the auspices of the Press was en-
joyed by q very large crowd last evening.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
Gusher in New York State

oswEao, N. Y, Aug. 26.-At Sandy Creek,
Oswego county, this morning, at depth of
l,02O feet, the largest vein of gas ever struck
in Sandy Creek was tapped. 1t blew the
tools in all directions. Tie noise OF escap.
ing gas cnn be heard for miles.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

THE Democratic sentiment appears to be
about evenly divided between the Cleveland
admirers and those who don't want him.
There is no doubt, though, that he is making
4. strong preliminary pull for the nomina-
tion
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
The Record Broken.

Kansas City News.1
When an enthusiastic sport sees head
line reading "The Record Broken" and finds
it refers to the quantity of butter produced
in year by a mild-eyed COW his language is
generally unfit for publication.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
DEATHS HERE AND ELSEWHERE.
Mrs. General McCausIand.

Mrs. General John A. McCausland, the
wife of the famous Confederate Cavalry General
of that name, died at her home, ten miles above
Point Pleasant, W. Va, Tuesday. Mrs. McCaus-
land was in her Goth year. General McCauslahd is
of that section.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

THERE was reunion of the Smith family
at Montville, Conn, Tuesday, at which only
200 we're present. 1t is to be presumed that
the rest failed to get their invitations in
time
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
CARS ARE SCARCE IN IOWA.

Not Nearly Enough to Move the Enormous
Grain Crop Grown There.
BURLINGTON, IA, Aug. 26.-From present
indications there will be a severe freight car
famine all over the West before the crops
are safely transported. Already the lines
in Iowa are beginning to experience much
difficulty in getting cars as fast as needed
The demand and scarcity is growing daily.
Local railroad officials are much worried
over the situation, as it means not only loss
of much needed traffic, but loss to grain
men.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

SECRETARY FOSTER predicts McKinley's
election: so does everybody. else that under
stands the feeling of the people of Ohio on
the protection question.
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27

AN explosion of gas in a tunnel at Chi
cago yesterday killed several people. This
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
NOBLE WON'T RESIGN.

He Writes to q Friend That He Is Prepar-
ing for His Winters Work.
ST. LOUIS, Aug. 26.-An extract from a let
ter from Secretary Noble to a friend in this
city is published here this morning. 1t
clearly indicates that Secretary Noble has
no idea of resigning. He says:
81 have returned full of strength for the
winters work, and will endeavor to give a
part OF it to getting ready tor the Chicago
Exposition"
Pittsburg dispatch. [volume] (Pittsburg [Pa.]) 1880-1923, 1891-08-27
Ameeting of the florists and gardeners of

A meeting OF the horlsts and gardeners Of
Pittsburg and Allegheny will be held next
Tuesday evening in McGinn's Hall, ALE
gheny. The purpose is to make arrange
November A large number of the florists
returned from Toronto to day. and more are
expected tomorrow. The next convention
of the club will be held at Washington, d. c.,
August 10, 20 and 81. 1892 Mr.. Ed Reineman
has been elected Vice President of Western
Pennsylvania.