davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
Early French PLAYING Cards.

The French are believed to be the first
people in Europe to use playing cards,
and, as first made, cards were supposed
to represent the different classes of per
sons in the kingdom. The hearts were
the 'schoir men," or ecclesiastics, and
early cards of this suit have a cope
which, in form, somewhat resembles a
heart The figure by us called spade
was originally pike head, and typifed
the nobility and soldiery; the artisans
were represented by stone tile, now
known as diamond, while the farmers
were symbolized by the trefoil or clover
leaf, by US called club.
The four kings were originally David,
Alexander, Caesar and Charlemagne,
representing the four great monarchies,
while the queens were Argine, Esther,
Judith and Pallas, typical Of birth,
piety, fortitude and wisdom, Argine
being an anagram for Regina The
knaves were either knights or servants
to knights, but which is uncertain,
though the former conjecture is the more
probable, from the fact that on cards Of
an early date appear the names Of
famous knights.-St. Louis Globe-Demo-
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
Vinegar Made from Honey.

Vinegar made of honey is pronounced
better than any Of the expensive foreign
vinegars. It is made Of pure honey in
the following way: Take fifteen pounds
Of honey, eight gallons Of warm, soft
water, one pint Of yeast. Mix well and
let it ferment in an open vessel, covered
with cheese. cloth. After it has fer
mented for about week, make a mix
ture Of six ounces of alcohol, six ounces
of chemically pure acetic acid, one-half
ounce of tincture of cardamom, in two
gallons of soft water, and add it to the
vinegar that is in state of fermenta-
ton. The tincture is to go into the
alcohol before the water is added. If the
vinegar is kept in dry, warm place it
will be fit for use in about d month.
Only enough cardalnom is required to
give it the slightest taste, without re-
vealing its character The crude, COM
mercial acetic acid will spoil the prepar-
alton, and will not be healthy, whereas
the pure acetic acid is not only very
pleasant to the taste, but makes a
healthy vinegar, says Field and Farm,
authority for the foregoing
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

a still more primitive and economical
way, and most delightful Of all, is to
take a vacant house in decent repair in
or near village, and many places east,
west. north and south are full of eligible
buildings. There one can 60 with her
party, for the summer If possible We
are So welded to our home conveniences,
our carpets. beds table furnishings, etc.
that we do not realize how little is actu-
ally necessary for comfort through the
warm season Carpets are of course,
supertiuous. and 50 likewise is delicate
china Any country carpenter with
little lumber can furnish the house
First be should make low rough
frames with holes in the sides, which
new clothesline laced across In our
grandnother's fashion viii make into
comfortable bedste1ds needing only ticks
full of sweet straw to become really de-
Ightful places of rest. Stationary ta-
bles Of planed boards, with equally liked
benches on each side. make admirable
dining room furniture Barrels or dry
goods boxes with common muslin COW
ers do nicely for small tables, and so on.
A party of six. whether OF the same
family or merely friends, can be perfect
" comfortable for three months with
two packing trunks filled with bedding,
barrel OF tableware and the little I'm
ishing things they can get into theii
trunks, bur never forget that there
should always be one trunk or q gener
Gus box Of books.
The cost of this sort Of an outing y of
ten less than staying ait home. especially
If you live in N city It j. ia every WAY
a perfectly feasible plan for half dezai
ladies' who can get away from theil
cares. and is worth tons of medicine ans
! wears Of s'doctorinGT in restoring healti
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS.
NUMBER 10
4 Ione 2 ths boay ana Drnglsg

and tone to the body and bringing
sweetness and light to the mind.
The important things-the indispensa-
bles-are: First. to leave home burdens
at home and carry no worries to lie
awake over: secondly. to select com
pany that will be as harmonious as posi-
bic; and thirdly. to 90 with mind made
up to put MP with other peoples ways
and not be annoyed BY them. The party
should expect to live plainly. and to give
up their own whims.
1t is most successful when each men,
Der has hobby to fiji her days with
pleasure; one may Be botanist, another
a sketcher or photographer, a third q
student Of insects or birds; one may be
devoted" to needlework-fancy or plain
and another to books Each one
should provide ample material for her
individual idiosyncrasy and be prepared
to show the brcadest liberation for all
the others. and health and happiness
win be the sure result
/ have seen this plan carried out, even
to the extent Of doing al their own cook
ing, by a party Of Young girls during
their school vacation They were New
England village girls accustomed to help
themselves. and they took farmhouse
with nothing but m old cooking stove i'm
it, half mile from neighbor. With
almost no baggage they made the house
habitable, ana they had GLORIOUS times
for two weeks.
One of the valuable results Of this sort
of an outing is the forbearance it culti-
Yates in us. 1t is natural, from the soli-
tary lives we have led-each one mistress
within her own four walls-that we
should be somewhat intolerant of other
peoples ways We are apt to be per
fectly sure that our way is the very best
and to be surprised that others do not
see it in the same way Anything wr
can do. my sisters. to uproot this poison
GUS weed in our hearts. to teach Ms a
wide hberality and tolerance, and a.
show us the infnitesimal unimportancr
of a thousand and one little points wa
have been wont to consider Of moment
is of the greatest possible advantage u
us, and is the lesson we need above al
The reward is great. for the conquer
ing Of this lingering narrowness opens a.
Us new world Of happiness Of whicE
we never dreamed
OLIVE RHoRNE MILLER
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

lighted and the night was pitch dark,
but | was rather surprised when I got
outside neither to see nor hear any sign
or sound of nay fellow passenger. How
ever, thought it did not matter to me
where he had gone, SO finding a carriage
awaiting me | got in and in the rush Of
other thoughts soon forgot him.
How is Mr.. Warrington by this
timer" / asked the coachman.
He died this morning, SIR" was the
reply. And then followed the details Of
his illness and death, which lasted until
we reached Ashford Hall, my uncle's
house
rang the bell, and was soon admitted
by stout, comfortable looking woman,
who showed me to my room, where be-
gan to wonder what had better do. 1t
was rather an awkward position to come,
perfect stranger, at the bidding Of an
other stranger, and find him dead on ar
rival.
At length went down stairs, and the
same kindly looking woman met me in
the hall and gave me more details of my
uncle's illness and his great desire to see
me- Then she supposed that l should
like to see the corpse, and SO evidently
expected me to answer in the affirmative
that did SO, and she led the way up the
broad staircase and down long passage.
At the end Of this passage she opened
the door of a dimly lighted room and we
entered, she carrying candle. We went
together to the bedside, and she, holding
the candle high with one hand, gently
lifted the sheet with the other and dis
closed-the white, clear cut features Of
my travelling companion.
This was the first and last thing Of the
kind that ever happened to me, and is
still unexplained.
stayed on at Ashford Hall for the
funeral, and found myself, on the read
ing of my uncle's will, sole heir to all his
possessions. True Flag.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
aIrIhood u Mrs. FranL LeslIs.

Mrs. Frank Leslie is IN example OF
what results ii sil training in youth can
bring. Brain New Orleans. Of French
Huguenot y ,r... .it-s. she was not allowed 10
grow up ia fi idolent way 50 common
IN that e;,s.. / wing country. Her father
was 81 slr n lisciplinarian that he
really dep .. her of the right to be a
child, ami sr- .A.yer even had doll nor
a cornpanipl vi her own age As soon as
shecoHld i..i began her education, and
at four yis.-.rs NJ ,c she read little Bible
through fs tic.i hs gave her locket
which she yrt. lie taught her three
languages lltmeoasly. and at seven
years OIL 10 her into Latin gram
mar 81 Rle youngest child, with
an interval u vAen herself and the next
older of ten years. and SO she was a
most lonely child. and her father realiz-
ing that she WAS going to DO all that she
has since become. and lowered with the
often fatal gift of beauty. wished to
fortify her at all points. She never went
to school. and her father in his anxiety
taxed her 50 severely that there was abb
solutely no sunshine in her life. Her
mother pitied her baby so. who was
made such d slave to books. that she
never put needle into her hand until
she was twelve years old.
Before she was six she was told that
lady might smile but never laugh aud
IDLY, and to this day she has letters from
her father wherein he carefully tells her
how she must comport herself and enter
tain her guests at birthday party. and
to these careful instructions and severe
drilling is due that qniet force that
carries her through SO many difficult
places. And her education was one
which made of her true gentlewoman,
who never says careless or impure
word. and who holds herself 50 wen in
hand that She never retaliates upon
those who despitefully use her, though
] she could do it with terrible effect If
she so chose
At twelve years she had begun the
study Of three languages. algebra, geOm-
etry and trigonometry. and was even put
to studying ciSil engineering.
IN those days her father always prom
z ised her q career. aud told her that it
1 could only come through thorough ell
ucation ana She often Rsed 10 talk NJ her
career long before she understood or
could even utter The word plainly.
The war broke out. and the yelug girl
removed to Cincinnati anu finally New
York. ana whea she was but thirteen
\ years old shp began to have her hFSt aFti
cles printed ana worked with heF
/ whole heart until before she was really
a grown girl she had reuehed position
, where her literary work began to pay.
ana tsen n--she resigned NIL hope Of a per
sonal career ANA married Mr. Frank
Leslie. ana r,lt nD ambition but to be
good wife tn a devoted husband, Lit
tie thinking W the fiery trials she would
Y have To pass through to find the fulfill
mpnt of hpr -hildhnod'S dream
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

sponsibilities like trail after her when
change Of scene becomes imperative to
her mental and physical health, for the
Importance Of a rest from care is coming
to be recognized. Moreover, ways Of
pleasant and profitable outings are more
and more opening to her.
Our brothers have long found it con
ducive to their health and happiness to
join party Of fishermen OF hunters or
travellers, and spend afew days or weeks
in the mountains or elsewhere, We are
beginning at last to take the hint, and
to find that week away from our wor-
ries is worth six weeks with them as
restorative. lido not say, Of course, that
all mothers Of families would find this
practicable, but hundreds could carry it
out perfectly well if they only under
stand how to manage it.
When a daughter is old enough to take
the helm Of the domestic ship. ora friend,
or even a trustworthy servant is in
charge, the weary mistress if she will
unite with two or more other woman,
will find the world before her from which
to choose. If they have plenty Of money
they may 60 abroad and travel whittier
soever they will Two or three can 60
almost anywhere since it has been
thoroughly learned III the Travelled coun-
tries Of Europe that an American
woman, while perfectly self respecting
and exacting respect of others, can be
and is independent Of certain conven-
tionalities. know Of two women Of
similar tastes, one a widow the other
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

single, who this very year have gone to
Europe for an extensive tour, and it is
safe to say that they will ''haTe 80 good
times as never was
If trip in 0ur own country is pre-
ferred it Is needless to say that woman
may go from Maine to Mexico and meet
with invariable civility and good treat
ment. Should it be not travel but rest
that is desired two or three can take
board in quiet place together, but for
pure good time. that viii rub out the
wrinkles of care and worry and bring
back youth into the heart camping out
is the best
A woman's camping out is as different
from her brothers as a woman's club Is
from his club. The easiest way Of do
ing it is to hire a furnished summer cot
tage, and take meals at hotel or farm
house in the neighborhood have
known half a dozen young women to DO
this with great success. have plenty Of
fun and delightful summer by the
sea without heavy expense
If some Of the party can afford time
or money for one week or one month
only, and the cottage must be hired for
three, as usual, this may be easily ar
ranged BY succession OF persons. For
example, Mrs A. is there through
June, Mrs. b takes her place in July
and Mrs. c. has her turn during Au-
gust In this way there may be a con-
slant change. and yet the cottage be
kept full and the rent paid without bur-
ds,, A., a,,x, ana
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

The late Colonel Curtis expressed the
opinion that silo can be built for $3.50
which will hold 125 tons. To 60 a great
deal in debt win not pay, but farmer
who wants to make butter the year
round can well afford to have cheap
silo.
A Missouri farmer rates an acre Of
corn fodder as equal in value to three
quarters of an acre Of timothy.
1t is claimed that the residuum left in
soda fountains will cure chicken cholera.
Put it in the watering troughs and feed
a small quantity to the fowls in dough.
Langshans Of both sexes often retain
white nest feathers until almost fully
grown.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

The illustration given below is po.
trait Of Miss Ella L. Knowles, the young
lady who has recently been elected to
the position Of secretary and treasurer
Of Helena tMon.) lumber company.
In size Miss Knowles is petite. She has
blue eyes and is of shrewd and viva
cious temperament.
Itwas not the original intention Of
Miss Knowles when she went to Mon.
tana to engage in the lumber business,
but to practice as an attorney in that
state She is native of New Hamp-
shire, pursued IL course of law at Bates
college, Lewiston. Me-, and was gradu-
ated there in the class of 1884.
The legal fraternity of Helena hailed
the advent of woman lawyer with a
great deal of amusement, and the COM
munity at large was highly interested
over the event
When Miss Knowles presented hei
first case the courtroom was literally
crowded with curiosity seekers. 1t is
said that the legal gentlemen cast pity
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23


Sward land turned over very flat, with
the grass side down, does not dry out in
fit condition for working in the spring
as soon as it would if the furrow were
Tapped or set up on edge a little more.
1t is more subject to injury from
drought. The alternate wetting and
drying, and the exposure to the air,
causes quicker decay of the sod, and
when that decay is finished, the soil will
absorb and hold water from above, or
bring up moisture by capillary attraction
from below, much better than it would
if there were layer Of undecayed
vegetable matter six or eight inches
below the surface. This difference is
not SO plainly shown in fall plowed land
as in that plowed in the spring, as the
sod will have decayed before the season
when droughts are most frequent and
severe, explains American Cultiyator.
Flat plowing is not as good as lap fur
rowing in land that is liable to be wet
all or most of the time, because the sod
does not decay when under water. as
may be seen in taking out sods that have
been put into wet barn cellar. They
come out as bright as they were when
put in, but how quickly they decay after
exposure to the air
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23


tens and sparkles in the sunshine like
water drops. A bowl like this, or a sill
yer tub for the purpose, set upon porce
lain, japanese or silver tray, with a
school of tiny glasses about it, and a
water pitcher suggests the morning
drafts which all physicians agree have
nearly the same sanitary effect when
pure and cool as the more expensive
and pungent waters which in time toe
surely test the digestive organs. A
dainty conceit is that each member of a
family should have his or her own glass
for drinking and suit themselves in
shape and device. as with the individual
teacups.
Near at hand should be vase filled
with loveliest roses, forgetmenots, vio-
let's, daisies and the like. A slender sill
yer vase is always exquisite when kept
bright and fresh with a single rosebud
and a spray Of inaidenhair fern in its
delicate mouth. An equally delicate
vase can be made Of a water glass slen.
der in form, powdered over the surface
with daisy heads. violets or forgetme-
AlO0o LII COACic. ~ Viz - EtlllctA "
painting these flowers faces can be most
beautifully applied and finished and
fired in kiln inst as porcelain is done,
but if unversed in mineral colors oil will
serve nearly as we'll and when thor
oughly dried good coating Of yarnish
will protect the glass at least for a sea
sons service. A ribbon the hue Of the
blossoms may be tied about the center Of
the glass and finished in dainty bow.
It is very pretty and effective to keep
the glass filled with the flowers upon its
surface A pansy glass tied about with
purple ribbon, filed with pansies and
placed on dainty dolly, carries out the
idea nicely. The globes used for gold
fish are also painted in the same way,
tied about the top with rich ribbon
and ladened with heavier flowers. This
makes an excellent center piece for
breakfast or tea table
FLORENCE Z. TYING.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
Rome,s Artistic pegeneracx.

The Rome of 1870 was dirty but dig
nifed; inconyenient for people with
modern tastes, but most comfortable for
those who had adapted themselves to its
medi@val ways. The Rome of 1890 is
comfortable for nobody; the acres of
new palaces that were to be are mainly
huge, ugly tenement houses, succeed
dimsies, abhorrent without and inhos-
pitable within-a tasteless waste, where
the highest virtue is fragility and the
noblest destiny demolition. The trans
formation of Rome during the past twen-
ty years is unique in the history of civili-
zation for barbarism, extravaganza and
corruption; neverssince the world began
was SO much money spent to do SO much
evil. Atlantic
An Opinion About Cider Making.
An Ohio correspondent, writing in The
World, expresses the following opinions
about cider making:
tThe sooner you get the cider out Of
the cheese the better. The oldtime idea
among farmers was that the cheese
should stand over night before pressing,
but they have learned better" To the
idea conveyed above desire to express
my dissent. As boy and man | have
helped to make a great deal of cider in
my time, and have had the acquaintance
Of many farmers in district producing
q great deal Of cider, with opportunities
for knowing their opinions and practices
as to the immediate pressing Of the
ponace or otherwise It certainly was
the "oldtime idea" to let the newly
ground pomace remain in the receiving
box for from ten to fifteen hours before
pressing out the juice, unless there were
special reasons for hurrying, and have
yet to learn that farmers who make cider
in this section have changed their opin-
ions ON the subject.
The liquid when first squeezed out of
the fruit is simply apple juice, not cider,
70 which it is shortly afterward changed
by exposure to the atmosphere. This
changeis, in my opinion, best begun by
keeping the juice and the pomace to-
gether, as before said, for some hours
before separating them, and for the rea-
son that while in that condition the
juice acquires from the crushed pulp of
the fruit body and flavor superior to
that of freshly pressed juice. 1t is quite
generally admitted that cider made from
apples ground in small hand mills is in-
ferior to that made in the larger rural
horse power mills, and believe the rea-
son is that in the case of the former the
juice is generally pressed out Immediate
ly, as fast as the apples are ground. AS
in the making Of many varieties Of wine
by fermenting the juice and the pomace
together for few days an infusion is
derived which serves to give itsa desira-
bic special character, 50 believe apple
juice by few hours contact with the
pulp Of the fruit, while exposed to the
| atmosphere, will make better cider as
's--.lt Of the process.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
BROTHERS,.
Spider,

Spider,
At my window spinning,
Weaving cirles wider, wider,
From the deft beginning.
Running
Wheels and spakes until You
Build your silken deathtrap cunning.
Shall catchyou, kill you?
Sprawling,
Nimble, shrewd as Circe,
Deaths your only aim and calling
Why should you have mercy?
Strike thee?
Not for rapine willful.
Man himself is too much like thee,
Only not so skillful.
Rife in
Thee lives our Creator;
Thou'rt a shape to hold a life in;
! am nothing greater.
George Horton in Harper's.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

ing glances upon the little lady in black,
who, they We're confident, was on her
way to humiliating defeat "How
could woman" they argued, ''stand
any show with the flower Of the land"
The little woman in black gave them 4
most stupendous surprise She argued
her case clearly and forcibly, showing a
thorough knowi@sIge z .ls5 law The
acuteness and tact with which she han
died her witnesses proved her to be an
adept at the business
The winning Of her first case fixed her
status as lawyer She has clients in
every part of the state. and the yearly in
come from her profession amounts to
thousands Of dollars.
While Miss Knowles asserts that she
is not really practical as yet in her new
undertaking, she enters heartily unto the
unraveling of it's mysteries.
More Profitablc.
"Are you workingmenT' asked the lady
who had given them each q good big piece
of pie.
Not Jest at the present time. ma am
we find it easier worlin' women. Eh,
Timfs-Detroit Free Press
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
Nitrate Of soda ON wheat.

The wonderful properties of nitrate Of
soda are being strikingly exhibited at
the Ohio agricultural experimenting sta
ton, where wheat is being grown con-
tinuously under different methods of
fertilizing. Although the nitrate was
not applied until the middle Of April, it.
stimulated such big growth thst the
plots which received nitrate IN large
quantities carry almost thrice as great q
weight OF vegetation as do the plots
that had no nitrate.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
WOMAN'S SUMMER REST.
ITS IMPORTANCE IS FULLY Recoe-
NlzEO NOWADAYS.

Olive Thorne Miller Tells How You May
Accomplish r. With Small Expenditure
Of Money Camping Out In Farm
house Is Good Way.
lCopyright, 1891. BY American Press Associa-
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23
,smFHRHIRTHIINNHINNHHNI .
= < - = - - -
IMpRoyEp rEEDINe TRoUaH,

Cut slot in each end board Of the
trough and let into these slots a half.inch
board. Sharpen the upper edge 50 fowls
won't roost on it. The board should
come down low enough SO that fowls
cannot get under it, and the trough
should be so narrow that they cannot get
in it with their feet.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-07-23

.Bresr Secail to Colonel Grey-W nv,
ku'nul, whaffo' have yo' got youah panta-
looms on backwards foahy
Colonel G. Why, you ignowump chlie'
ca keep dem from baggum Ia de knees, i'm
c0'se. CHICAGO Globe