The sun., 1891-05-31

northern regions but Alpnonee 90 Chrooie
has put the matter beyond doubt by subjectina
It to direct experiment In latitude e6'' whion
may be taken as representing much OF the
Peace River country. sunrise occurs on the 2oth
! OF June at 8:12 A. NJ sunset at $3.50 P. NJ, while
six degrees further south in latitude TO-. which
may be assumed to represent Manitoba. sun
rise occurs on the same day at 3:49 A. NJ. sun
set at s:18 p. NJ. the duration OF sunlight In
the frst place being IL hours 3S minutes In
the second 10 hours a minutes, or an hour
| and quarter In exccss In the north.
| FgIh-M Maximum of Epcttfcdtion. Over the
vast northwestern territory, reaching from st
Paul In latitude AS, to Fort Lizard. In latitude
| co. q region OF vigorous winters, cool. moist
| springs, and dry but intense summers. the
undue luxurlance OF stem and foliage Is
checked In the first stage OF growth. greatly to
| the advantage Of the fruit and seed. This
yigor, given to vegetation in cold climates by
the rapid increase and prolonged action OF
summer heat. has often been observed. but hns
been best formulated by DR.. Samuel Forty. a
physician and medical writer. who died on
Nov. 8. 1914. and was best known for publica-
cation in the american Journal Of Geology on
the "Acclimating Principle Of Plants" cited
above.
He states as as universal fact that the Guilt
waited plants yield the Rreate,t product near
grow. His illustrations embrace nearly every
plant known 10 commerce and used either for
food or clothing. Cotton. tropical plant,
yiclds the best staple In the temperate lati-
tudes. Flax and hemp arc cultivated through
q groat extent OF latitude, but tho lint In south
ern ATTITUDES. forced into premature maturity.
acquires neither consistency nor tenacity. and
we must 60 to the north in Europe to find
theso plants in perfection. Rice Is tropical.
yet Carolina aud Florida grow tho fnest in the
world. Indian corn is sub-tronica! plant. but
It produces the heaviest crops near tho north.
ornmost limits OF its range. In the West Indies
It rises thirty feet. but produces only few
graino on tho bottom OF . sponGy cob. and is
regarded only as cough provender for cattle.
In the rich lands OF the Middle States
1t will often produce 1fty to sixty bush els
to tho acre, but in New York and
In New ENGLAND agricultural societies have
actually awarded premiums for 125 bushels to
tho acre. Wheat Is q moro certain crop in New
York. in northern parts OF Pennsylvania and
Ohio and the Baltic districts OF Europe than
in the south either Of Europe or America. In
the spring It is not forced too rapidly into
head before 1t has time to mature fully or con-
coct its farina. Oats grow In almost every
country. but 1t is in northern regions only or
very moist or elevated tracts that thoy fll with
farinn suitable for human sustenance. Rye.
barley. buckwheat, millet and other cumifer-
GUS plants might be adduced to illustrate the
above principle for all their habits require o
moro northern latitude than is necessary to
their mere growth. Tue grasses are In per-
lection only in mort horn or cool regions. al
though they will grow anywhere. ltis in the
North alone tn at we raise animals from mea-
dows. and are enabled to keep them fat and in
good condition from hay and grass without
IA
succulence and consistency enough not
only to mature animals. but 10 make
the richest butter aud cheese. The tuberose.
bulbous and other roots cultivated for human
and animal subsistence are similarly affected
by climate. and manifest habits in corrobors-
tion Of the above principle. The Irish potato.
although from or near the tropics. will not
come to perfection but in northern or cool
countries. or in moist insular situations. as in
ireland. It Is In such climates only that its
roots acquire farinaceous consistence and
have size. flavor. and nutiiment enough to
support animal life In the eminent way in
which they arc susceptible. In the South a
forcing sun brings the potato TO qualification
before the roots have had time to attain their
proper qualifications for nourishmept.
30 far the suggestive Illustrations OF Dr..
Forry. but I will venture to add further in
stance from the central wheat district Of North
America. At Its southern margin in Minne-
sofa and Iowa. seldom more than two we'll
formed grains are found in each cluster or
fascice forming the row; In northern Minne-
sofa. Dakota. and Manitoba three grains be-
come habitual. and from heads OF wheat
brought to me from Prince Albert on the Sas-
katchewan and Fort Vermilion on the Peace
River have separated five well-formed grains
from each cluster or group forming the head.
NH htnh 10 n ntotr avid hat thA
ton OF the wheat plant is attained near tho
most northern limit OF its successful growth.
Sirth-FaH Pou2hin0 for lVheak.-I append to
the foregoing summary Of the successful con.
dltions Of wheat culture. n brief reference to
the preparation OF the soil. II not the sowing
OF wheat In the late autum n. The only in
stances of injury from frost are where invalu-
able time Is lost in tho spring by neglect OF
the practice. now universal In Minnesota and
Dakota. OF fully preparing the ground for the
seed In autumn which can be supplemented
with entire success in the Saskatchewan and
other northern districts. by sowing spring
wheat subsequent to the fifteenth OF October,
In 1880. the Hon. A. O. B. Bannatyne. OF Win
nipeg sowed all the varieties Of spring wheat
hs ssrds% % on the "a Of
fatal: and all were harvested " tho 9TH Of
The Kindred topic OF annual development In
high northern latitudes. wi not undertake to |
discuss but hope to be INDUCED In citing the |
ex xnerience Of European Eussia,especiallyi In tho
districts northeast OF Moscow. IN resreot to |
fruits Neither the Province of Manitoba nor |
the Northwest Territory OF Canada, within lati- |
tude 60 present conditions more adverse than |
the interfer Of Russia, or the contiguous dis
equivalent ir latitude and other physical rela-
tions. To those regions. apples, pears. cher
rios and plums have been carried BY civilized |
man In his mL9raions from milder, climates
tution Of the trees until the before mentioned
fruits are successfully grown at and beyond
the latitude Of Moscow. six degrees north OF |
MiI'nipeS MaltsbFpn dsscri6ss variety oi
pounds. OF q delicious flavor. and Keeping q
long time. Another variety ,of, apples. grown
from China is desGrlbed as 50 transp.rent that
ISAIAH and sDra sH@ta IN sl b. msnscns
with surprise that no found at TorXhok, on
the road from, from MOSCOW to s. Petersbura.
Of SO dearoos. that apples and Cherries ie
OF q superior kind were extensively