The record-union., 1891-06-02
FARM AND ORCHARD.
No More Oxide of Zinc in EvapO.
rated Apples.
Growing and Fattening Swine on
Clover-Early Bearing of Fruit
Trees-General Farm Notes.


Trees-General Farm Notes.
Our readers will recall the action of the
German Government in regard to alleged
discovery of oxide of zinc in evaporated
apples two years ago, and which was
made a pretext to discriminate against
our products. It was assumed that the
process of bleaching the fruit bright
caused the ground of complaint Careful
investigation made by our own Govern
ment departments, however, soon proved
that no injurious admixture of any
foreign substance entered into the fruit.
A searching investigation at various
evaporating establishments showed that
minute fragments of metallic zinc could
be traced, and further search solved the
cause. 1t had been the practice, for
rapidity of labor, to scrape the fruit off
the trays after evaporating it, and the in
strument most convenient and almost
universally used was the ordinary steel
trowel, and occasionally its sharp edges
would clip off minute particles of the
galvanized surface. During the past year
all eyaporating firms, knowing this fact,
or simply shingle, which serves every
purpose. In consequence OF this dis
covery and change, not complaint was
made as to production of any of the fruits
of 1890, nor did chemical tests discover
any trace of former alleged foreign or in
furious substances. 1t is hoped that this
article may be read by all who propose
evaporating fruits of any kind the coming
year, and that only wooden instrument
will be used for the purpose here stated
American Grocer.
FATTENING SWINE.
The following observations on the
practice OF growing and fattening swine
largely on clover, we know are true in
pork-making regions, where it has been
increasing these twenty years, at least.
Indeed, in some parts of the country
there is but little new in them. Clover
for shoats and stock hogs, and corn and
linseed or cottonSeed meal for fattening
hogs, is the orthodox rule. A Western
writer says that those who have had
good deal of experience in growing their
pigs on clover aver that the hogs when
fattened for marketare not only more Wig
orous and healthy, but yield more lean for
bacon; and as some of them assert, the
meat is Sweeter and better favored. Ger
tain it is that clover is great plant for
growing pigs, both for health and rapid
growth. II they yield more lean meat
before long create grade of hogs that
will sell for better price than those
grown and fatted wholly on concentrated
food. One thing is well enough settled
already, which is that every farmer who
grows swine should have a clover-field
Tor the pigs to Craze upon, though they
be fed also on grain. They grow more
rapidly, and the extra vigor throws off
the germs of disease, besides making
them less susceptible to ii.
YOUNG FRUIT TREES.
1t is a question whether extremely
early bearing of fruit trees is desirable.
1t is reasonable to suppose that if the
trees are not permitted to bear any fruit
for two, three or four years after plant
ing, they will be stronger and more en-
during in constitution and will be much
better fitted to bear heavy and continu-
Gus crops in years to come.
FARM NOTES.
A light sandy soil that has been well
MANFRED, is the best for garden and the
most easily cultivated.
1t is reported that certain Western
farmers have tried collars on oxen, instead
OF yokes, and that the result of the test is
favorable to the use of collars.
Trees thrive best when the seed is
planted where the tree is to grow and
then grating the required variety on the
young tree without removing it.
There is drawback in the use of bells
on sheep by reason of greater excitabil-
ity. A restless flock will run off more
fat than the loss of ten sheep would
amount to.
viii milking tubes hurt cows upon
which they are constantly used?n is a
question answered in the affirmative by
the intelligent farmers at the institute at
Poughkeepsie, n. Y.
No tree should be planted nearer a
house than its length when full grown.
Trees not only moisten the air about
them, but the earth also. Sunshine
should have an access to the house at all
times.
The report of the Ontario Bureau. of In
dustries gives the number of sheep in
that province at about / ,340, 900, being
1850 less than for 1889, while the Weld of
wool is 4.575,00O pounds, against 1853, 600
pounds.
The wooden industry of France re-
qulres 100000 Australian fleeces, So
100000 OF La Plata and 10000 of Rus
sian, in all about 81 ,000, 900 fieeces, Ninety
per cent. of this wool is merino and 10
per cent. ordinary and common.
Sage, parsley, thyme and other aro-
matte plants will take but small space
In the garden, and once established some
of them will last for years. Cut them
just before they bloom, on bright sunny
day, tie them in punches, and hang up to
dry.
An per cent. kerosene emulsion was
used as sheep dip at one experiment
station in which to dip the sheep, and it
was fully proven that a good emulsion
can be safely used for this purpose even
when sheep have considerable wool upon
their backs.
The liability of loss in young trees is
greater IN those trees that are two years
old than IN the younger trees. Small
trees have more tibrous roots and make
more rapid growth. When a tree is
rather large IL requires some time for it
TO become rooted ana start in growth.
The introduction of labor-saving ma
chlnery has not been an unmixed bless
ing. 1t has concentrated farm work.
making the busy season buster and the
dull season duller. 1t has not cheapened
the expense OF farming so much as might
be supposed, for while it has decreased
the amount of hand labor it has increased
the idle time of both the farmer and his
help.
1t is wise to keep all the female lambs
that were from ewes bearing twins 1t
has been demonstrated in Europe that by
selecting the eve lambs from the most
prolific dams the prolificacy of the entire
flock can be increased. 1t is even sug-
geSted that where twins or tripIets are
dropped male lamb from among them
should be kept, as selection in that direc-
ton is advantageous also.
When irrigation can be carried on with
out too great an expense it will be found
TO increase the profits of strawberries
enormously. For small bed, such as is
required for family use, the watering can
be done by hand. When water is used at
al it should be applied abundantly, so
that the soil is soaked to the depth of sew
eral inches. A light watering is worse