davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26
ABOUT PARAGUAY.


An Interesting Country hut Little Known
to Americans.
The republic of Paraguay has hither-
to been one of the least known of the
South American states Situated in the
heart of the continent, and communicate
ing with the sea only by the inter-
mediary of the Parana river, it has re-
ma;ncd far-away country. forgotten,
unvisitcd. unexplorcd. And yet in the
old days its territory was the center Of
all the operations of the Europeans on
the Atlantic coast of America. During
the early period of the Spanish occupa-
ton the settlers found hospitality in
Paraguay sooner than on the more &C
cessible banks of the river Plate, while
its fertility, climate and geographical
position recommended il to the Jesuits
for the establishment of their ''re-
ductions." and for the essay of a
system of communism which gave nd
mirable results from the point of view
of collective felicity. During two hum
dred years the settlements of the Jesuits
prospcred. In 1864 the order was ex-
peeled; when the architect left il, the
communistic edifice, within whose
pleasant precincts the native Guarani
population had learnt the elements Of .
simple and most idyllic civilization. fell
into ruins. and the whole country and
the people quickly declined. In the be-
ginning OF the present century, when
the independence movement deprived
the crown. Of Spain of its American
colonies. Paraguay did not Join in the
generous and cooperative work of lib
erty, but shut itself up within its from
tiers, trusting to its wealth. and wishing
to owe nothing to its neighborA This
policy was that of the dictator Francia
and of his successors, Lopez !. and Lopez
H.. whose despotic rule from the begin
ming of the century up to 1870 was vir-
tually . continuation Of the Jesuit sys-
tenn Of state communism, minus the re-
liqious and recreative elements. Critics
who persist in considering universal
suffrage to be the last word OF political
<cieuce have severely condemned these
sespotS The fact, however. remains
that under their rule Paraguay reached
q high degree Of wealth and material
well-being, and threatened to assume .
supremacy which alarmed its neighbors.
The result of this uneasiness and jeal-
ousy wAs the war of the triple alliance
Of Brazil, Uruguay and the Argentine
against Paraguay, which began in 1854
and lasted five years. ending in the ruin
Of the latter country and the almost
complete annihilation of the young and
adult male population. and leaving
in the land none but women and aged
men. OF the riches and prosperity Of
Paraguay there remained NO vestiges;
the army and feet were destroyed; ruin
and misery were ON I'll sides; the con
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26
WEARING sPecTAcLEs.
An Extract from . Letter ON tho Eye
sight.

An Extract from . Letter on tho Eye.
sight.
In q lecture in Brooklyn, N. Y, DR..
Richmond Lennox said that the eyes of
insects are made 80 that they can see
long distance, while the eye of human
being is intended for near objects. The
nautilus has an eye which is nothing
more than hole through which the
light passes. Animals that have rapid
motion are given good eyes. and the eye
of each is suited to the animal in whO.e
head it is set. The lecturer then talked
of the eye Of the owl and swan and de-
scribcd what nature had done for bir.is
and animals who had to see at nighA
He said that persons who wore classy
had to look through the center of th*
glass, while those who did not use those
necessary appendages could see with
out turning their heads Nearly every
body of forty-five or fifty years of age
finds it convenient to wear glasseA
These persons may be as strong ss
younger men in every other way. tho
lecturer said. but the eyesight COM
mences to fail about that time in a
mans life. DIR. Lennox described colcr
blindness in brief, and. placing two cir
cular pasteboartls on the blackboard.
asked which was the shorter of the two.
Many persons in the crowd cried: 1.-The
top one:" and the doctor then asked
them if they would bet on it; but. get
ting no answer. informed them that
both were of the same length. He then
told an amusing story of an Irishman
who called at his Office on PierrcpOnt
street, saying that he could see
nothing out of one eye and very
little out of the other for a
long time, but in a fight he got tap
on the blind eye and he could see bet
ter out of that one than out OF the
other. The amount of it is, said the
doctor. that the lrishman was suffering
from cataractfn the eye, and in the row
the tap he got broke the cataract or
drove it back in his head, and therefore
he could see as well as ever.
In conclusion DIR. LennOx spoke OF
caring for the eyes, SAYING that tho SO
that had to use their eyes constantly
during the day should never read at
night, for the eyes required rest Peo-
pie should always read with the light
coming from over their shoulders and
should not read in street car.
"What will be the result II perse-
vered in?" asked one OF the audience.
Damage to the eyes and perhaps to-
tai blindness" {" answered the lecturer
st. Louis Republic.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26
We ALL KNOW HER.

fhs woman who Drops II for Few Mn
utss' Call and Seays Three Hours.
We are all acquainted with her, the
woman who never goea. who drops IN
for . call in the busiest part OF the
morning-it little matters whether 1t Is
washing day or ironing day; it is all
the same to her. Your irons may grow
cold and tho clothes may boil over.
but still she stays She usually mem
tions that she has dropped in on . lit
tie errand. Its probably borrowing
errand. Only after she has exhausted
your patience and produced as much
decentralization In your household ~
she can she 10 ready 20 60. But O. the
going! II you have any idea that she
Is really going you arc quite certain to
b disappointed She comes back to
tell you about some neighbor
you had never seen or ever desired to
see. to explain the why's and where
fores of certain goings On in the neigh
borhood in which you take NO interest.
and then she fingers at the do ~ and
keeps You standing far beyond your
strength.
1t il impossible 70 calculate the time
that is wasted BY well-meaning women
In such ways as thia It would be IN
excellent thing II calls Of all kinds
could in some way be limited 70 . ten
minute rule. In the social world
among women Of liesufe, it Is consid-
cred in bad form to sl~ngtheu ones
visit beyond . set period. and when .
woman has numerous acquaintanccs
she usually has visiting day, and can
be certain Of freedom from Interrupt
tion during the rest Of her tine. There
ID considerable excuse; for the much
abused mot 1t home" which is fire.
quently used by women OF society. and
which simply means not ut home to
visitors. or engaged. and there is no
reason for any ones taking oftcnsa in
the matter.
Only working women, the busy farm
ers wives or women who do their own
work. arc subject to the annoyance Of
the unsnnounced visitor, who is bound
BY no social law - TO her arrival or de-
parture or her length Of stay. She Is
one uncertain quantity: In all the rou-
tine of the household. Il would take .
keen mathematician 70 calculate the
amount Of spoiled ddinners,spoiled wash
ing, and actual loss Of money value for
which she Is responsible, to say moth
ing of the loss Of temper and general
misery consequent upon disarranged
household, delayed dutiea and work
put out Of jeint-
The very worst effect is that upon the
visitor herself Her own work must 60
away while she spends her time
gossiping about the neighborhood. Her
own character deteriorates while she
becomes what our grandm0thers were
want to call , ''gsd-abOut" Though
she may have the most amiable inten-
tions when she unc0nsciously repeats
the interesting stories Of the neighbors
hood the temptation to enlarge, "a
impugu motives where possibly there
were no motives, h likely TO render hez
in time . veritabls scandal-monGer,
upon whose word NO person of sense
will place any reliance. II is not nee
essary now 70 dwell upon the folly oi
borrowing. but Il h enough to say that
al prOvident and sensible housekeeper,
provide for the future end do not allow
themselves TO impose upon the good
nature Of their neighb0rs.- -Chicag<
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26

The eating Of watermelon Is an art
learned only BY long and varied expert
encc. II isn't fruit with which 70 be-
gin ones breakfast or for that matter
to begin or end ones dinner. that IS, II
one expects to eat other things- 1t Il
quite an art to select . choice meloe
without cutting . small hole through
its fat, green sides, but Il can be done;
the same - IN expert can tell coun-
terfcit from . genuine bill-by the feel
ing and general appearance. The dark
green of the melon should be the color
Of English ivy leaves; the yellowish
spot underneath caused by its contact
with mother earth should be tested
with the pressure Of the finger. Tho
spot should have . springy resistance
and the indentation thus made should
not be noticeable when the finger Is n.
moved. II it remains the melon Is too
ripe and not likely 70 be watery. II no
depression can be made the melon "
not ripe cnouxh.-N. Y. Herald.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26
CHINESE EDUCATION.
The Manner In Which the I.iterati Are
Chosen.

The Manner IN Whlcn the 1ltofotl are
Chosen.
As soon as ever q child is old enough
to receive instruction it is sent to
schools, kept by ''litcrati," who, having
acquired very complete education,
have not yet been successful in passing
the examinations. where the number of
the successful ones is very limited.
There. in q modest room, where the
furniture and appliances are far from
bearing comparison with grand modern
school fittings, the little boy receives
his first instruction, learns to read. to
trace his letters, to understand and to
retain sundry precepts taken from our
classics. by and by the field Of in
struction is enlarged. The pupil
attacks literature proper. familiar
ICES himself with poetry, and. anon,
with history. simultaneously he be.
gins to learn drawing and painting in
water colora He has to store his
memory with a considerable number
of literary extracts, and so to acquire
gradually the style of our great writer's.
All this work has taken some years
to get through, and the time approaches
when all his care and attention have to
he given to his first examination, which
corresponds to your bachelors degree.
tempts return to the rank and file: the
fortunate ones prepare for the second
examination flor the licen.iateship).
and then for the third or doctors de-
gree. Successive eliminations reduce
the candidates for the last degree to q
very small number. At this cxamina-
ton. which is held in the capital every
third year, out of ten thousand candi-
dates not more than two hundred sue
ceed in passing; but to these are
opened the portals of the Han-Sin acad-
emy.
In order to arrive at that point the
candidates must not only have become
authors, but also politicians. Their
studies have included, besides history
and general literature. our practical
philosophy, which is, in one word, the
theory Of the art of governing. The
doctrines Of Confucius and Mencius, ex-
planned by q number of commentaries,
form the most important part of the
programme. 1t is surely not . small
point redounding to the glory Of China
TO have made for SO many centuries .
philosophic and an essentially humani.
tartan education . condition sine qua
non for admission to public functions
Thus may be seen. in this rapid
sketch, the manner in which our ''lit-
erati" are chosen. These competitions
have an additional result which is very
hsppy. Those who have failed have
none the less reaped considerable profit.
Some devote themselves to teaching;
others, BY far the most numerous, re-
turn to their civil occupations. for which
they will be al the better adapted. BE-
cause the general instruction which
they have received will be eminently
useful to them; whatever may be the
career which they may definitely adopt
Gen. Chen Ki-Tong, in the Asiatio
Quarterly Review.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26
ne HID HIS 60OTS.

H~P Fear of The SnAtee Dlstl1leA htoa
Fruits. the Beutes.
1--WE were on our last run in," said .
Pullman car conductor. land the old
gent who occupied lower berth No >
had been sitting mp half the night as
some old blades will sometimes do when
away from home. Besides indulging in
cards and other hilarity he had cor
sumed more beer than was good for his
old noddle. The next morning as we
were nearing the breakfast station .
voice from No. broke the stiffness Of
the morning air:
"'Ssy. porter! Where did you put my
boots?
"'Put 'e,n on de floor in front Of yer
berth, SIR
could have got away. had those boots
on half IN hour ago, and now they are
not to be found
HE lay prone on the ruMed front Of
his night-shirt and peered underneath
that berth, but NO boots were there.
The porter looked all over the car, and
finally came back and peeped inside
the curtains Of No. Q.
Say, boss! what's dat back dere
under 20 pillowr Sure enough. there
were the boots safely hidden away.
"'well, It's duced strange how they
could have gotten In there said No
Q. Il had those boots on not half an
horr ago. and now here they are under
this pillow-wonder who put them
thereT"
The conductor was on the point Of
warning him 70 be careful how h6
handled the boots. a they nigh: have
snakes in them; bpt - the old gentle
man was large and muscular be very
wisely refrained. Moreover, the old
blade had ussd the utmost precaution
against snakeA Knowing that the rep
tiles usually crawl on the ground. he
had hidden the boots out Of their reach
St Louis Repablic.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26

Or. Charles Eastman. the Sioux In
liau to whom Elaine Goodale was mar
ried, was . good deal at IN athlete
while at Dartmouth. His practice
sometimes disturbed students undss-
meath and near his room On one -
easion some eighty sufferers paid him
visit to throw him out Of the window.
The civilized Sioux met them with .
revolver ana . dumb-belL Il iAu1nAo
sssasy - say he Was nat throwS esk4
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26

A Woman's Theory.-He (vaguely)
wonder what those strange cries
are, out toward the sunset?" She Qsn.
guidly)-"Pe.haps II Is the mewing ot
the catbOats."
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26

-HusLand-I won enough money last
night st polesr TO get Jon . new dress.
Wife (sobbing)-I think you might
stop playing those horrible cards. John.
You know what Il may lead 70 in the
end, and to think that should ,.ver b
the wife Of . sgambler. This b t-t-too
much. Whist kind q . dre0 shall !
Gst2-Cloak RsvisW. 49, -
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26

An instep pad il . new fad Of thcss
fair women who are 50 unfortunate ~
20 be possessed of . ''low-bred" foot Il
II simply linen pad fitted in place di-
rectly over where the instep sh01ld be
but very often isn't II such fashion
becomes general Il will compel shoe.
makers TO keep . stock Of shoes with
high insteps.. and the moderately low
heels now demanded alike BY good
sense and fashion. It Is next to impos-
sible now TO get shoe with high In
step. except ono made on what II
known as the spanish last" and .
acknowledgement heel h Pere
Of the makeup Of these shoeA-N. \.
Tribune.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1891-09-26

"How did you ever acquire such IN
enormous appetite for red pepper?
when / was . boy IN old woman
hsted told ny mother che could break
me Of biting my nails BY keeping red
pepper sprinkled on 'em-"-Chicago
Tribune.
St. Paul daily globe., 1891-05-08

N Office OF ADMINISTRATORS SALE
/ BY virtue Of an order OF license, made
and granted by the probate court Of Ramsey
county, State of Minnesota. on the 9th day OF
May, 1891, in the matter Of the estate of Will
lam b. Conant, deceased, the undersigned, as
administrator de bonis non, OF The e:tate of
said decedent will sell at public auction to
the highest bidder for cash, on the first day
of June. 1891. at 10 o'clock in the forenoon,
at the door of the court house fronting East
Fourth street, in the city of st. Paul, in said
county and state. the following described
real estate, situate in the said county or Ram
sey and state of Minnesota, belonging to said
decedent, and all the right, title and interest
therein belonging to said decedents estate,
to wit: The east half (El2) of lots one 0j
and two (2), Of block ninetY-four (94), in
West ST. Paul Proper. according to the re-
corded plat thereof in the Office Of the regis
ter of deeds in and for said county.
PATRICK KEIGHER
Administrator de Bonis Non Of the Estate Of
William 3. Conant, Deceased.
a. X. CAPEHART
Attorney for Administrator.
Nav T. 1891
St. Paul daily globe., 1891-05-08
Scraps of Sport.

The Metropolitan Base Ball club has re-
organized for the season of 1891 with the fol-
lowing players: Snow, c.. Holmes and Hill,
p; Heidenreich, 1b.: Scherferberg, 3D.; Nc
Bowen, r. f.; Eddy, c. t. The Nets would
like to hear from any of the amateur clubs of
this city. Address o. II. Raddatz, 26 Mann
heimer block
In answer to yesterdays offer of the Day
toms Bluff Diamonds, to give the West St
Paul Maroons $40 if they would play them a
game for S25 on the Post Siding grounds the
Maroons say that they have played the Dia
monds two games, and in neither one did the
Diamonds get money enough together.
Frank Glover is to be given benefit at the
Olympic theater by the management on Sat
ilrday evening, May 16 All the pugilists of
the two cities will be there to give exhibi
tons of their skill.
Manager Watkins released Dalton and
frost yesterday.
St. Paul daily globe., 1891-05-08

1t was no trick at all for the Kansas
City team to win the game yesterday
afternoon. The Cowboys hit the ball
safely eight times in the fifth and sixth
innings, which, with errors by Abbey,
Ely and Hamburg, was amply sufficient
to win the game. The contest was pretty
and close up to the fifth inning, the
score standing to in favor of the
visitors. The tally was made by Man
ming, who hit Flood for base, was ad
vanced to second by Hoover's hit, and
grounder. Ely made a wide throw to
first in the third, and rounded up large
day of error making with another
bad throw in the fifth. Abbey also
had a bad day of it. making a misplay
with every ball that came his way. The
real rocky" work OF the game began
with the last half OF the fifth inning,
when Flood permitted Johnny Sowdefs
to make a safe hit to left. Manning
hit high fly to left center, which
Hamburg failed 10 hold after long,
hard run. Hoover hit safely to left. land
Smith to right, Abbey letting the ball
get by him. Stearns then cleared the
bases on double toright. Pickett and
Carpenter went out on flies. Hogriever,
however, was given life on shorts
bad throw. ana Stearns scored on Gun
sons hit, running the tallies for the inn
ing up 10 five. Abbey got his base on
balls in the sixth: Baldwin followed
with Il Int 10 left, and the
pair advanced base on O'Bri-
ems sacrifice. Conley was hit
in the back by one Of SOwderS' twiSters
and Ely walked man home by taking
a base OH balls. Another tailed on
HamDurg,S grounder to third. on which
Ely was retired. Goodenough hit to
right. and HOgriever's sleepiness per-
mited Hamburg and Conley to score
st. Paul was retired almost in Que, two,
three order after this. but the Cowboys
Kept right on making the defeat more
binding. Hoover cot a base on balls in
the last half of the sixth, stole second
and scored on Smiths double, the latter
coming in on StearnS' single. At tins
point Schmlt was put in the box. Pick
EFT popped up fly to short. but Car
penter lined out a double, bringing
StearnS home. In the next inning, after
two men were out. Abbey'S muff gave
Hoover a life. and he Immediately stole
second and third. Smith and StearnS
accepted bases OH balls.a and Hoover and
Smith scored on Pickett's fine drive to
the left garden. The one pretty piece
of work Of the game was a fine catch by
Hamburg over the left foul line. The
score:
St. Paul daily globe., 1891-05-08
LAST OF THE SERIES
WON BY MINNEAPOLIS,
Though for a Long Time Omaha
Seemed to Have II.

Seemed to Have 1t.
Yesterdays game between M[inneap-
oils and Omaha while excaing and
marked by some phenomenal play,
was saffron-hued. The fielding on both
sides was rugged and neither of the
pitchers can take unto himself any con-
siderable credit for his work. The only
point on which the locals can pride
themselves is that they batted
out and won a game that appeared
to be lost. Shugart pIaved
a great game at short. but took no mart
in the stick work, further than to get to
first Oh an error. Only nine hits were
made off Bartsan. the eX-"Chicago nj
rate" pitcher, but he was very free with
bases on balls. and hit Larry Twitchell
twice. Long Mr.. Earle played a most
peculiar game at third, and was alter
nately Missed and cheered by the tickle
thrOng. He made three errors, and the
bleachers hOwled for Miller" He
made five clever assists and a put-out,
and was cheered. But it was when
his long two bagger in the
seventh put victory in sight
mat the 25-cent patrous of the game de-
cided to let him play through the re-
malnder of the game. Hengle made
the motion, which Earle seconded, i'm
that lucky seventh" Both were two
baggers. and the crowd went wild as
they saw the visitors fall behind in the
race. Eiteliorg contributed the two
runs which Minneapolis counted in the
second by watching Shugart's pop-up
fly while it fell within few feet of
him. Other members of the Omaha
team did their best to help the locals
win. but with two cheesey errors
and hit, in the fourth failed to result
i'll runs, and then the Nebraskans
started out 10 win for themselves. They
were cut off, however, by the timely
hitting OF Hengle, Earle and McQuaid.
A long running catch by McQuaid,
G0ntortlon act by Earle, Shugarth's and
Walsh's work at short were the features
OF the game.
St. Paul daily globe., 1891-05-08
LEWIS A GUTTER.
His Stomach Didn't Relish the
Black PEARLS Caresses.


The boxing event at the Pence opera
house, Minneapolis. last night was to
have been six-round set-to between
the Black Pearl aud Prof" Frank
Lewis, the conditions being that the
Pearl must best Lewis or forfeit 800.
The first round was tame. In the see
ond the Pearl disturbed Lewis internal
economy, and found his face couple
OF times. Lewis retaliated by deliber
ately throwing the Pearl. then took Off
his gloves and quit. Lewis second finally
Induced him to go on again. The Pearl
did all the fighting, chasing Lewis all
over the ring. He was not using the
white man delicately. In the fifth
round, after the Pearl had Jared his
features, dislocated some of his intes-
tines and painted his face a trifle, Lewis
again tried to throw the Pearl, and
ended the match by throwing off his
gloves and quitting absolutely.
St. Paul daily globe., 1891-05-08
No TRUSTS.

SPRINGFIELD, ILL.,, May THE house
this morning passed an antitrust bill.
1t makes any combination of individu-
ais, firms or corporations for the pur-
pose of fixing the price or limiting the
production of any article, commodity or
$1,000 for the first offense, s.. 900 to s., ,OOO
for the second, 5000 to $4,000 for the
third, and $4,000 for every subsequent
OffenSe