The Forrest City times., 1891-09-25
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.
THE BEST AND ONLY WAY TO
 MAKE FARMING PAY.
Some of tho Rcquisites--Tho Influence of the Dog on sheep -Raislng-ROads Farm Notes and D0mes.
 tic Dots.
To Make Farming Pay.

The following are some Of these reQui- sites:
 1. Control of the land. by drainage and convenient access to the fields. If the owner is kept off from working the soil in the spring for weeks or month by water-scaked ground. he is losing one of the indispensable means for success. In such cases. good, tile-drainlng has often doubled the crops without any increase of the labor in raising them. Good, well laid tile drains have great advantage over other improvements because they are durable and permanent Unlike wooden structures. they are not liable to destruction by weather or fire. They admit of being finished in por- tions in different years. conferring their benefits as fast as completed They enable the farmer to plant his crops early in spring, and to harvest them before the advent of mud and frost in autumn. They give him good mellow soil to work through the season, instead of ercountering crusts and clods.
 Besides this ready access to his land
  by soil in good condition. the addi- tional aid should not be overlooked of convenient entrance to every field by means of good farm road and we'll laid out premises Each field is to have separate entrance. and not be reached through some other field, or on another crop
 7. The land must be made rich by fertilizers. In most cases barn manure will be most important and valuable. No materials for it's manufacture saould be wasted. Absorbents should be sufficient to hold all the liquld parts. When applied, it should be we'll diffused through the soil, and not thrown on and half covered in clods and Jumps Besides this manure. con- lnercial fertilizers may be purchased and used wherever a careful trial on the land has proved any of them Go pay their cost and labor of applying, in the increased growth of the crops
 Flowing in clover and other green crops should not be omitted. It some- times proves the most efficient means for enriching the land and increasing Its products. An advantage frequently results from alternating the clover crops with rye and buckwheat and when used for this purpose the rye should be turned under as soon ns the heads appear and before the grain is formed in order to prevent it from be- coming so hard and woody as not to mix well with the soil.
 3. A constant attention to clean seed and in procuring and improving the varieties, will sometimes make all the difference between encouraging profits and discouraging failure. Various grades of success will result between the two.
 t. Convenient tools and convenient buildings will be essential in all good farming. The labor of horses will be better and cheaper than hard work by hand. Costly and complex machines are not wanted; few simple and efficient implements may accomplish a great deal. A spacious tool house and shelter for all when not in use may keep them in smooth running order. and double their durability. Flows, harrows, cultivators harvesting imple- ments. seed cleaners, and various hand tools will often make the difference between clean. mellow land with grow ing. luxuriant crops. and weedy, slip shod premises. Gentleman.
 Watering Horss..
 It is generally held. at least in practice, that any water that stock A., @o l,.t l. l., pure for their use. This practice occasions losses that would startle us if statistics were at hand. Water that is impure from the presence of decom- posing organic matter. such as is found in wells and ponds in close proximity to manure heaps and cesspools. is ire quently the cause of diarrhoea dysen- tery and many other diseases of stock. while water that is impregnated with different poisons and contaminated with specific media of contagion pro duces death in many instances
 Considering first the quantity of water required by the horse it may be stated that when our animals have ac- :. cess to water continually they never drink to excess. Were the horse sub jected to ship voyages or any other circumstances where he must depend upon his attendant for the supply of water it may be roughly stated that each horse, requires n daily average of about eight gallons of water. This will vary upon the character of his food somewhat; if upon green food less water will be needed than when fed upon dry food and grain.
 The time of giving water should be carefully studied. At rest the horse should receive water three times day; when at work. more frequently. The rule here should be to give in small quantities and often. There Is pop ular fallacy that if horse Is warm he should not be allowed to drink. many claiming that the first swallow of water founders the animal or produces colic This is erroneous. No matter how warm horse may be it is always en- tirely safe to allow him six to ten swal- lows of water If this is given on going into the stable he should be given at once pound or two of hay and allowed to rest about an hour be- fore feeding. If water be now offered him it will. in many cases, be refused, or ut least he will drink but sparingly. The danger. then, is not in the first swallow of water but is due to the ex- cessive quantity that the animal will take whom warm if not restrained. Water should not be given to horses