Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1891-12-14
An OUTLINE
Tcenansea from secaua page. ]

t1aeG.Afed Win vEiS2 arc AAMuet ehs&teAy
dessisnse Of o,gsrie renains. To this q
ri.ioa succseosd The Lower Heidelberg
hnessores characterized by IN Anuadsnf
fara and marking By their distribution :
change in the geographical condis;ons OF
The region, while Q marine Limestone vas
spre.d alike ever al rre-exsstns rocks 30
the eastward md attained in CsrAis
thickness Of 5000 feet, where il 10 ossflsia
BY . great series Of ssnesicnes, REPRESENT
log the o-iskany snd the sabs.qaeof De.
vsniAa. In ths n Y. s-ri.s this - naked
BY . snsl amount Of "a ds;oass followed
BIZ shs Cornifsrous kmsstose and the
Hamsltnn group which together mAxs
up tie Uposr Hslierh<rg aDd are succeed
ed By ssfies Ct sandstone, the Whole
constituting he Ere Division Of tne New
Yo,k series. ard il cnarsci erizsd BY an
seandans fauna into which is passes by
such transitions that IL 10 . matter OF dis'
cussiou where 10 draw the line. The Upper
siiurian rocks in Maine are fcurd along
the ssaeoass frcm MachiAs port 70 Perry and
10 Cutter, rrescos: and Lebsc; ieey can
tain many fossil shells winch are curiousiy
dsse rsed and friszlei by the forces to which
they have been exposed.
The rocks Of Pembroke cor isf OF Sfits ;,
.lsse. sud sxndsiones Of various eolofs, and
b long TO the Lover HeldsYhe'g series Of
tne New YORK survey. The fossils from
these rocks are fsund In fragments on the
oes ca where they have been washed os the
sxy.s. There are seven other pxtches OF
toe HeIderbsrg sroup, mostly iimsssoees,la
the northern part tf the State, the most
imp orsans belt of THIS limestone Is De-
tsesn Portsge sud Long lake and 90 the
sss. ride CT Squsw lake, 81 the iat.
.es Klsce IL is more interesting, beng fnu
of beautiful fossils, Is species having been
found by Mr. Billings The Oriskany
sandstone Of Maine is Wholly located Ia the
northern part, or what Prot Hitchcoex
terms ssibe wild lsnis;" it, general eharae
ter AID some Of its f0s ills are esttef knosh
than xny oiher fossiliferous rock 10 the
State, for b. q wonderful sgeney OF ns'uff,
fragments Of this rock, win fossils, are
scattered all over the settled districts SCUM
cas-, Of the rock in place hou!ders OF ms
rack have been found along the coast from
Esstport to Ssc,. DR.. Jackson descflbs'
he re kss fac Nliceous variety Of sand
stone, extremely C impact where thu she liz
do not abound, but presenting tbe mos,
pe.teet casts Of marine shells that ne hso
ever seen. He refers them to the Deveniai
series, There are other Devopian dsposit'
in the State. among which are the eongioin
ess.es
Over the greater part OF the corunen'
the changes OF level were snsh'
this quiet wss uninterrupted oet~eei
the Deyonian and Carboniferous erss. e1
cept in the regions Of esstrra Maine, N. VI
Scotia and New Brunswick where ther'
was an up urning and fiexing OF the beds
and IS q re suit, some mountain mskiog'
The CNboniferous series IL 50 nsme'
because it is the earliest aud most impor
| tsnt coal bearing series of the strata. Inc
age commenced with q marine PERIOD II
which = large part Of North America wa
| VI der the sea though not TO great oepsh
| The Hmestones were formed largely o.
t9r;noids, and has been called the Crino'ds
| lime stone the Crinoids were OF many
.peciss, one Of the most perfecs specimen
| vas described by Prof Lee is his lee ur'
| before the society last spring. Ii consisted
of numerous stony pieces, really Hisi'
blocks or disks Il limestone msterial
.ecreted by the little fl >wsr-like animal au'
held together by tiuy membranes, from 1T
re semblsnce to lily it has been called tht
Stone lily" snd is common fossil in th'
Limestone.
The Subcaf bouiferous wss followed b.
the true Coal peri ID, o, coal measures as th'
series of coal beds and rocks contai ia'
them are called; the c)sl was made u bsd
| of vegetable material, much like the pea
beds Of the present time in mode OF xccum
uls,ion. AMI finally covered with beds o
sand or clay, aud while thus buried il grad
uslly change 10 coal The COAL beds con
tain only terrestrial or fresh water fossils
,bile the under clay 10 often full CT root
and stems Of plants and the strata 10
tervening between the coal bees ofte
| contains multitude of ferns an
trunks Of other plants and sometime
| the hardest anthracite has beautiful fern
like IMPRESSIONS in il. TIL, thickness OF ths
coal measures vary in different regions u
| Hi ,ois they are estimated 1900 feet; Il
penusylyauia 1900 feet while in Nov
Scotia they are 10 900. the coal beds ai-
vary from q foot or less in thickness to q
feet.
The thickness Of the Silurisu. Dsv1pia
and Car bonlferous deposits in the Appsiaeh
ianre.io ion was 40, 600 feet; this enormous az
cumulstion win tue nkiugs of the earth
crust over the region, we're the preparation
s,eps in the mskiug OF range Of noun
sips in this region by the uplifting, folding
frac,prius and solidlfying Of the beds; 'h
cosl beds were involved IN the folds thu
provit 9 that the folding began after I'll
beds were formed The folds have the west
ern slope steepsst, as II prts'ure from 10
direction Of the ocean had pushet thet
westward The force acted with srea
slavuess for the ofigi0sl strsufcatiai
ka
fractured on = grand scsle, and :hos
Of the eastern side shovel up so as TO max
faults in some cases Of severA thou'aa
feet. In faults like these large part
The mir etal wealth Of our country Is foun1
u DIR TIE name OF Mescz BIC rocks are IL
olnied the TIissslc. the Jufas'ic snd IN
Cre;atious. The rocks are mainly red sanc
stones ard cobtain no marine fosslls; tn
few that do occur are either b.acsish Hat4
or fresh water. Jufass!c b. DIS with msrin
fossils overlie the Trissslc west Of IL
Rocky Mountains, making IN pars, ID
Sierra Nevada and other Esages. Al tn
close of this period great Biographies
change took place in eastern North Amer
lea and west Of the Mississippi. Along N
A,lan:ic border the ROCKS were slowly title
and q great number Of fractures we're mad
down to the region Of liquid rock; for tn
linuid rock which came 70 the surface an
cooled now constitute many ridges. such 9
Mount Tom, Mount Holyoke and others.
The Cre,s'ious beds were mostly grs
and green sandslones full of mai fossils
with loose and hard limestone, and chalk /
western Kansas; ihsse beds exiende
along the Atlantic border south OF Me-
York, ami ever the interior regions 10 tb
Rocky Mountsiss, where il some p.sees tn
beds ore IL. 900 feet above the sex, shonis
that the mountains have been elevated
this height since ii. beds were made. Til
period was one of submerssnee, as
shown by the marine deposits. and oy tn
footprints in the sandstone. Not man
years sgo, twenty two consecutive track
were brought to light in one Of tue qusrfie
in the Come cneus valley; they measure
about twenty inchss in length and wer
pearl, a. broad and ~ere thres feet spati
According to Prof Hitchcock, there is
blank page in the history of Maiae, be
tween the Devobian ard diluvisi pssicds
But it seems that be had ho2ss that the re
md m ghl be completed ror hs adds, 81
is rot impossible but portions Of the coal
formations may ye. De discovered in th
uasxpiored oistiict,." So ve may hop
tha. he fndi z Of coal at Small PoiAt dur
ips the past r. ar has flad the blank.
Cent zoic time succs eded, and cipprise
tso ages; The TeIi,Ty and he QlsTte
nary. The Tertiary is divided int tnre
ssc.ioi S ; the Eocene, the shocsEe and III
/ Phocsne. The rocks Of the Tertiary al
closely eanne ted VT those of the pes N
nms, and even ia their lover porfioas Goa
tain some speeiss Of fossil shell idsnsics
with those nov nvieg The mariss Ter
,isry beds Of the E5eene we're furmei 5l
tie A:lsltic borders sou b Of New York
"a - ,ha Gulr NJ Aartco. hut Miaesr