The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1891-11-27
STOCK FARM AND GARDEN.

6pitfg6lG anu pTdCllCdl 5y5GOh via
will lead to the making and maintain
ing of good roads. 1t costs more IL
time aud money to travel over poor
road than it does over good one
Poor roads are the greatest drawback
that any country district can have,
and their improvement should al
WAYS be the first sign that the people
desire 20 be considered progressive
The proper way to feed a dairy COW
is to find the proper kind OF food fOi
the production of milk, and then fee6
il TO the fullest extent to which the
COW can receive and utilize it. High
feeding may not pay on the start, nol
at all II continued only for shori
time, but by continued high feeding
high production is brought about anq
the habit fixed. The more milk
COW gives the more she can give. We
recognize this by the fact that we dc
not select our poorest COWS for es-
peeially high feeding, but our best
ones. II we wish to use an extra sup
ply or quality of feed, so as to bring
large and profitable milk yield, VIE
select for the purpose the COW that AZ
already the best performer at tht
bucket. The moral of this Is that you
should procure tue best cows you cal
and bring them up to the highest
Stage of prOductiveness. Then put
little more bran into them and try
them again. 1t pays to run them al
the highest pressure that is consist
ent with safety.
The business end of dairying il
quite as important as is what we art
accustomed to call the practical end
l. g.. the feeding and management oil
stock. Some men seem, however, to
wholly ignore this point, and pay lit
t. Lyn hN
wants of consumers, to placing thell
products on the market in good shape,
or to building up q reputation foI
themselves, 30 that their brand
may acquire q distinctive value. No
matter how well or cheaply goods art
manufactured, business principles
must be brought to bear in dispOsing
OF them, IL complete success Is de-
sired. A man may select his cows
with care, breed them with judge
ment, feed them scientifically, OBJ
serve the most. scrupulOus care and
cleanliness in manufacturing, and yet
let the profit slip through his fingers
because he does not put his goods
upon the best market in the best
shape. In fact, daiTying is pretty
much like any other branch of farm
inR-it demands q combination OF all
good and wise qualities. When the
perfect dairynIan or perfect farmer IL
found, we may we'll eXclaim, MARK!
the perfect man."
Our German residents who are en-
gagged in the business OF farming are
prOyerbiaIly thrifty and successful.
We were led to reflect upon h lie LsOn
for this recently when going through
a comparatively new region that had
been largely settled up by them.
The fields, to be sure, were clean anu
we'll cultivated, but not 80 strikingly
different from others in this respect
as to care for special comment; but
every farm possessed a good Lsrn. The
houses were small and cheap, as a
rule, and no more money had been
expended on them than was required
to make them serve the stern necessl-
ties of life; but the barns were large
and substantial, and, what is more,
thew were utilized. The crops were
housed in them, and not left exposed
in. the field. There was room for all
the stock, so that it could be kept
clean aud comfortable. We presume
these barns had been built only by
the most stringent self-denlal. Per
haps money had been borrowed and
the farm mOrtgaged in order to do 1t.
II 80, it was the part OF wisdom, for II
Is inst as true that good barn Will
each year as il is true that a poor
barn will make poor farmer.
Where farmers have gone intelli-
gently into the handling of small
fiocks Of sheep they have usually
procured such results that it his been
AN object lesson to their neighbors
and, Induced them to do likewise.
This is why 30 many more small
fiocks are to be seen now all over the
country than was the case few years
ago. To carry a small flock in con
nection with the diversified industries
OF the farm, and in order to still tur-
Their diversity them, is wise policy,
and we hope to see it even more
generally adopted. No branch OF the
live stock business can be made more
profitable in a small way, nor will
return more for the capital and labor
invested. One reason for this Is that
there are 80 many channels through
which the revenue comes. There IL
the rapid natural increase of the flock
the annual proceeds from the sale oil
wool; the food value; the enrichment
of the land; and their services IN
cleaning land, which is always worth
considering, because they are the best
weed exterminators in the world
Another reason why sheep are more
profitable than they were in the past
is because the average weight OF the
fieeces produced in the United States
now is double what it was "a years
aOO. and along with this gain in the
fleece has been almost a proportional
Increase in the size of the carcass RnC
the quality of the meat. 1t is these
high Iss features that have made
the business more profitable ana more
attractive than it was in the past, anC
development, along the same lines
will do as much for any branch o.
agriculture.
II IL true that q great deal of money
is made by farmers in raising wheat
but il Is also probably true that we
have no crop upon which more
money is lost. The reason is that sc
many attempt to grow it upon lane
that is naturally untitled, or upon
land which the grower has failed t6
avail himself of 1t is never profit
able to grow wheat upon soil tina
does not possess a high degree o.
fertility, nor upon soil that is wet anC
heavy from want OF drainage, MOI
upon soil that has not been put IN
first class filth so far as the immedl
ate seed bed is concerned. Wheat re
0uires a firm soil, and, of course, we
get this better on clay lands than else
where. Sandy soils are too porous
and mucky soils are too light. Ii the
land is wet it must be underdrained
II this is not done, more money viii
he lost in the attempt to grIw whea
than the cost of draining would
amount to. Equal in Importance t.
the quality OF the land is the point OF
preparing the seed bed correctly
We have come to understand pretty
generally that the seed bed must bt
arm and compact, and that deep
loose, mellow soil, such as would bt
lust the thing for many crops, woulC
not do at all for this. Some, however
understand this as meaning that un
der no conditions must the land b'
deeply pIowed. This is an error. L
YOU can pillow long enough before
Seeding time, say six or eight weeks
the deeper you pIOw the better, pro
vided YOU will take the pains to dc
the necessary amount of subsequen
Srorkinp. It should be narrowed an6
rolled SUCCESSFULLY until it has beel
frmIy compacted again to the whole
depth. except that the harrow shoulC
Iaave two or three inches OF the sur
esce as fine and mellow as soil can b'
made This makes proper seed bed
n Won can not manage 1t this way
ehen blow shallow, not more tnai
Seur or five inches, and then give TN
Ia