The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-08-30
NOTES ON SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

u
Mr.. Rudolph Herring, an expert in this line oil
Investigation, assigns galvanic action as the
principal cause. and gives the results OF tho
most recent experiments on tho subject nota-
bly, those male by Thomas Andrews q we'll
known English mstalurgist and chemist. In
these. wrought iron was placed 10 connection
with numerous stools and cast iron. and ex-
POSED o sea water for period OF some three
that that metal so,roied much much I faster when
Il galyanlc connection than othel w,se
corrosion bstter thnn either steel. or
east ron and the electro. chemical position
to wrought ir'n ind iH ing that cSrr"sion
took PLACE alternately In the wrought iron aud
steel I position vas almost constant; how
tlrely in tn latter Gravimoiical results are
also giv"n. showing the amount IL corrosion
in grains per siuare loot, per annnm. under
the conditions assumed In the experiments.
A novel device. ono which seems to be re-
Garded rs step ut least In rendering railroad
travel safer than 1t is at pteseut. consists Of an
apparatus for automatically signalling o train
at any given station on tho line by the train
dispatcher at the directing point which may
,s, h9nffeEs OF mles away t,1m the staten ~
is rather il tho, nature Of an emerseney
WHO may b b. eng.E Sf in her aue away from
his instrument at the all-imrortant moment.
returns a iesponse to The 90 hespnt.her. ndicat-
Ing TINT Tho signal as been set. and g. the
,sn,n time n0 is soanded to ,c; the t
not flel that his i'm mediate attention at the
wire is demanded. TINS mrchnnism ia aeNh
important uses to which 1t can be nut.
The weight OF testmp ny. thus far. in regard
to the various methods proposed for rendering
wood incombustl BILE. or nor. alterable by heat.
appears to be against lie claim that building
encountered with inflammabla substances can
known thai the methods resorlel TO for pre-
serving wood against fire are principally two
VIZ. the in ecti' MS OF saline -niutions and the
application OF q paint or. coating: the former
has been found :, netir,,lly inellectiy;. and mas
tendency in the On . Of w"od OF large dmen-
sions. though the treatment may DO applicable
that. OF all III. various substances which have
been b ought forward for this purpose, the
has rroved ,Sn o Pm 81.
Of this substance IN fact. notwithst anding It's
high cost. possessing such peculiar advnn-.
in all cases where the mattcr Of expense is not
importan In the majority OF cases coating
this que stion. and according to- Z, offs Bondin
and Denny ~ Client. the sub stance most suit
able f .i use IN MI manner is the cyanide OF
An interesting trial has been made in Ger
many with silk weavers' looms worked by
electricity. BY q cable OF 100 feet In length. q
one-horse power electric shunt motor. with 100
volts ami four amperes. was put in motion. and
the transmission for the weavers' looms was
revolutions. Two weavers' looms were put in
moiGn the result a stated. being tha. the
than that by means OF caloric gines
o. gas motors and that the swinsns
nense with. The. German, rapers tl ink
IN" results named Ia show tnnt house rs Industry
mission Of electric power. and this. all the
more rs electricity can be transmitted equally
in this direction are being made. also with
long-runninG dynamo machines. without tho
without shaiting; therefore vita direct impui-
sion Of the electric motor at the LOOM by iric-
ton rollers. kc.
Referring to the fact that photographs OF the
m on. taken at full. give that DO ~ an eeg-
shaped appearance. with the small end point
ing toward the earth. a recent writer argues
that this goes to provo that planets non.Rlob-
ular shape. rs was indeed to De expected. Ac-
cording. to this writer's reasoning. matter at
the surface OF the mo n Is acted upon BY two
important fuices-tho law Of gravity would ar
range thn matter in a globe around the centre.
OF the earth, being always ed in the same
direction relat. TO- tho moons centre. would
slide next the earth: the sun shines not less
than 325 lours consecutively on any gwen
rolnt on the moons sur ace. and It Is moi
main frozen under such continued sunshine.
80 that do btloss the ruid par 3 Of the moons
that ', ssnsra,ee the tides ON Tho ari6 have
long since gathered themselves togsther on
that SIDE Of the moon nearest the earth, This
Ia ~ Ia m II Cpn @ 4 t.n vii
thing develop-.i by tho shadow Of the moon In
sclipses. nor with any known iacs.
A new method Of working motor engines,
with hot gases and steam. 10 now creating no
little interest in English circles. Accord .ng to
this plan the mixture OF the steam with tho
hot gases to form u charge for doing duty in
the working cyIin Ter OF the engine is effected
in the following way: First, the chamber hav-
ing sunnied charge OF mixture, to tho work.
n0 dr y"' I w Snfeod he nfSn
l at sS S e prss is el sem
I'D mtlod., miyins there with The hot
and ernas tn His W"FkT enr for
high PRESSURE, EXPANDS in :ho cylinder. which.
after the former has done duty in elIerinS
ami the spent mixture allowed to escape. For
a single. acting engine. one N king chamber is
requires at least two. in each OF which the
pro ess takes place: hu' The chamber or
rhauihe' 8 to sup,ly nctUntng fluid to one emu
OF the cyl lnder. or III each cylinder must bs
Sc m ate from those that supply the other end.
In order to allow anp. time for the PROCESS OF
cleaning out drying filling with hot gases. ad-
hitting steam. NC.
Few Instances Of modern Industrial growth
In any one specially arc more surprising than
hat OF The manufacture OF artificial dyestuiTs
In England. France. Germany. and some other
countries. but especially in Germany. this In
ustry has attained such prodizious growth
That in Some cases tho extensive works re-
8embs small town or village. This ap-
I,enrS from the published statistics OF
pnn of these plnnts-that II the Far werke.
at ioech, t-o on Main: wher are employed some
$50 workmen, 20 forempn. > engineers. be-
sides S6 clerks and 81 chemists The works
cover an area # ~; ono sGua'o yards. and from
one end OF the works to the other the dis,a CO
: 900 'eet. liesidcs great variety o. 4 Q
stunts tho acids employed in tor production
are also manufactured. amount NC IA nnn year
10 81. $4,000 III ograms ~ su!phuItc acid, H.
'ODioD of ether acids. AID 3,O2i.DUU OF c. al tar
products,
new ore concentraior has been devised.
which operates by crushing the material to |
shout quarter OF an inch Ia size. and VIII !ch.
IN the aotion NJ nova nj rpaupaIu