The sun., 1891-07-05
xorrs on susFes !, AND: INDUsrsx.

f0llu masonry oopetFncuon tnbt tne Wofiu nts
Seen in modern times. 1t appears that for
years past the water supply OF Bombay de-
pended upon works known to be defective, in
volving the possibility OF q water famine In
that great Eastern seaport. and In Wow oft"is
consultation OF eminent engineers was held,
| under the direction OF the Government. with
the result that large dam was determined
on, to epelose the watershed Of the
ph sSsphs s. Tie
and Hs' ios sss WSs al
on The Z, fsst Tds ses
Of water which this dam imprisons Is some
eight square miles in area. and sixty mile. q
Pine seP. ns spsssy ssS y
Glover for employment on this dam.
AFrench lrm have had ,built for them on tho
/ Clyde what Is said Yb bs iths largest sailing
SHIP ia the world. 36Hii hHtso Aapg. 4s feet
0 inches broad. and 80 feet deep with sross
tonnage Of about $3.50 and haeSeiJMeieht car.
rylne aapaeity OF 6.l50 tons. fhsgeis double
bottoni.7with c rapacity for 1000 tons vater bal.
last, while aInidships there are several water
tight compartnsnts for 1900 tons OF Estsr. the
cubic cspsetty o. these eompsrt%ssnts ns eight
equal TO carrying 100 sons" on water
ballast or cargo when the shiP is laden. and
Length: ,nsr and and the MwSp and topmssts In The
asss s.a5R M ass
The isnsth OF tie lover yaris 10 81 ieet. T. Of he
upeeE, yarSs r. * r. and sh bawsprt is 81 feet long
Contrary to the commonly received opinion
IN regard to the permanency OF alizsrine dyes,
now 30 much used. writer In one Of the tech.
nioal papers shows. as the result OF special
experiments. that they BY no means stand the
weather test satisfactorily. OF tho various
colors. blue he finds fades the most while red
and orange stand the best, and brown and
yellow come close together as to STAYING quali-
ties. Two shades Of alizarine orange. one .
little fuller than The other were tested. and.
asr an 10 The weather ses ior i've
day sa9wed the no soce snsnss
as to be hardiS reoosnizabis: but % shs.s
Same dyes on chrome and tartar mordAnt
color. with less bloom, llizarins blue. in lieSt
shades. after ten dnys' exposure. looked like .
body Of color seemed to stay the sample losing
its bloom. however. In galleine the. light
much as the blue. while In dark. SHADES The
change was less pronounced. In ailzArins
but dark shades only =. iittle. In ali thess
coors the mordant was bichromate OF potash
sbs aas hs Ta ne case Of
sAA~
Engineers pronounce as simply perfect the
Cramp method Of building large boilers with
thick plates for high pressures, These plates
are In the 6rst place picked In. q wooden bath
containing five per cent. solution OF sulphu-
ric or hydrochlorio acid, after remaining In
which for about elk hours they are removed
and thoroughly scrubbed with hickory brooms.
while q strong stream OF fresh water Is played
upon them they are then imme rsed In a bath
acid: and again washed With clean water.
All holes Are dTed and The edges OF ,hs
she'll plating is bent cold to the proper
curvature 10 the rolls. and the Hanging - done
anxH Isa ssS
feet being aanged nt each heat; furnace mouth
completed they are reheated and the plates
straightened on q cast-iron, surface plate, be-
formed BY a Tweddle hydraulic rivetsr. using
ninety tons upon the rlses - ,a'f' s5.''- .
Tho twisted wire MALTA cross a. It wsre be.
tween screw and the ordinary plain wire nail
is said to bs working its way into popular
favor and Is believed to represent as great an
improvement upon the plain wire nail As that
useful invention Is over the old cut nail: for
while the latter tears and brushes the fbres Of
the wood as 1t is driven. and its taperinR shape
% It's .hs hHs ss
% ss na
dismeier 81 the NAH is the same Throughout lis
length it fits as tightly and holds as firmly on
ii6res Of The wood less than the two Other
q much greater, holding power than t6s other
forms; The nail In question is Of English ori-
tion Of the wire nail is the recent American
idea brought forward. viz. the making ofa
nall. all and % yet can be withdraw % By II means @ Of
screw drivera as readily as any screw.
As Is we'll understood. in the ordinary con.
OF double-expansion steam engIneA
and In all the compound locomotives that have
thus far been built. a single low-pressure
cylinder OF about twice the sectional area OF
the high. pressure cylinder is used With each
high pressure cylindsr-an arrangement which
frequently necessitates q low-pressurs cyIin.
der OF rather cumbersome diameter. and
favor by some locomotive engineers: some
Of the English compound locomotives are
cylinde 9. ono high and one low pressure. But
D radical departure from the ordinary practice
fns in hs
pre- sure ylinders OF about the size OF the high.
fhs 10 .se
In the CARRYING out OF this
srs the BY s HoGs to snse
,rosshead. and they move together.
The present inclination, in not q few In.
stances. to restore to active service some ofths
canals long since wholly or partially abandon.
ID. and In other cases to construct new lines.
,s more desirable from economic considera-
ions thnn other methods Of transport alton,
has led to A discussion Of the best substitute