Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1891-06-11

For a year or two after the Leuchen
evolutlons the Prussian troops needed
no instruction, having an abundance OF
practice on the plains and among the
fields Of France; but year after the
war was over and the victors had re-
turned to Berlin the field OF Ross
bach was chosen for their evolutions,
where Frederick defeated the French
and imperial armies, and the his
toric significance OF the maneuvers on
these two memorable fields can not be
exaggerated. A few years ago the South
German evO,utions were held on the
field OF Blenheim. where Marlboro, with
the English and Austrlans, defeated the
combined French and Bavarlan armies
The lines were drawn up In exact &C
cordance with the records OF that won
derful victory: the mistakes made by
beth sides were pointed out, and, in the
evolutions. rectified, and il was conclu-
svely shown that in pace OF Marlboro
being victor he should, by all the rules
of regular warfare, have been defeated
with terrible slaughter. The Austrians
have several times utilized Austerltz in
MoravIl, where Napoleon defeated the
combined Russian and Austrian army,
and won the battle that decided the fate
OF Central Europe
Maneuvers have not been so popular
in Italy and the south of Europe gener-
ally, probably from the fact that until
Italy was united, generation ago, there
was no national army: but. in the time
| OF Victor Emmanuel, evolutions on q
large scale were held at Marengo and on
other fields where Napoleon routed the
Austrians and liberated Italy from one
foreign chain only to impose upon il the
| links Of another. The smaller nations
| of Northern Europe have initiated their
powerful neighbors in military exercises,
and the little army OF Belgium has more
| than once gone through training on the
field of Waterloo, while Holland, Dem
mark, and Sweden have also trained
| their forces semi-annually on mimic
battle-felds.
Although France is full of battle
grounds, they have not commonly been
resorted to as fields OF exercise for the
troops. When the semi-annual maneu-
vers take place in France IL is usually
on the theory that an enemy has invaded
the country from Brest, Cherbourg, or
by crossing the Rhine, and the troops
are marched TO oppose the invaders
Since the surrender Of Paris to the Ger
mans evolutions on an extensive scale
have taken place in the immediate
noishIOrhood of tho capital. and all the
operations OF the great siege have been
carried on again and again. and IL is safe
70 say that should German army ever
in the future encamp around Paris the
defense would be conducted. II not with
more courage, at least with a better
knowledge OF the conditions afforded by
the ground and its natural advantages
! for defense.
No battles OF note have been fought
on English soil since the civil war of the
Commonwealth, but the fields Of Edge
hill. Marston Moor and Naseby have
several times been utilized in training
the English troops; but generally con.
venience has determined the location Of
a field.
] The semi-annnal maneuvers are not
confined, however, TO field fighting The
siege operations around Paris have al
ready been mentioned. The Germans
have several times undertaken a mimic