davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27

An odd use that the pin was put 10
long ago was that Of checking the intem-
perate habits of the English. St. Dun
stan conceived the idea Of dividing the
tankards out Of which the liquor was
drunk into eight equal parts, each part
marked with n silver pin. The cups
were generous affairs. holding two
quarts. Consequently the quantity froM
pin to pin was half pint, and the regis
lation was that the drinker stop at =
pin.
Roisterers. however prevented the
purpose Of good St. Dunstan and estab-
hshed the rule of good fellowship, by
which the drinker wa- to stop only MS a
pin. II Ne drank beyond he had % ~
on to the next mark A. il was difFicuTt
to stop exactly at pin the vain efforts
always excited mnch mirth. and the
trial usually ended with the draining %
the tankard. Table Talk.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
ticket Agents ana counterreIts.


Counterfeit money comes into the
hands of the railroad ticket agent more
frequently than anywhere else. But this
official of the great steel highway has tc
become an expert in detecting it, else his
salary would suffer to the amount oi
spurious coin which he took in.
The detection Of counterfeits seems to
become a sort of second nature with the
ticket seller. To discover a bad piece OF
silver is a comparatively easy matter,
for it has greasy feeling and very sell
dom looks like good money. Even If il
possesses these requisites Of good coin il
very seldom has the weight Of the gen
uine quarter, half dollar OF dollar, and
the lack of weight is percepible by tax.
ing it in the hand
But to detect bad bill i not, to the
layman who is not burtlened with han
ding thousands Of dollars each day, az
easy task. The expert ticket agent will
however, when counting a stack of bills
ranging in value from one dollar to fifty
dollars with great rapidity snap them ia
both hands one after another and pick
out the counterfeits, seemingly BY an
acute sense of touch. Some ticket agents
are marvelously clever in this way. The
method used by the majority in detecting
a bad bill j. to hold il to the light and
see if it contains parallel silk threads
running horizontally thruughit. All gen
uine bills contain hese.-Albany Argus.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27

One Of the most exciting contests ever
witnessed occurred at the depot Of the
Georgia Midland railroad.
The contest was between Ernest Low
er's pet king snake and little green
snake known as garter. The snakes
were about Of equal size and length, and
it was hard to tell for half an hour who
would prove the victor in the contest.
After racing around the cage for some
time the king snake caught the green
one about six inches from Z. / -ad, slip
ping himself around his al, rsary and
getting his mouth closer and closer to
its head. The green snake the while
kept its mouth wide open us if in an ef-
fort to get its head too large to go into
the king snakes mouth and thereby
thwart its effort to swallow him This
effort proved futile, for soon the head
and about six inches Of the green snake
were in the stomach Of the king. At
this point of the game another and more
stubborn contest took place.
In tho cage are two wires-one run
ming perpendicular aud the other hori-
zontal. Twisting itself around the per
pendicular wire. the green snake tied
itself into various hard knots. Mounting
the horizontal bar, or wire, the king be-
gan the work of unfastenins the coils Of
the other by continued pulling and swal-
lowing.
When the feat was accomplished, with
the exception Of about half foot Of the
tail, it looked like the king snake would
be defeated, but with some maneuvering
the tail was united, and the job Of swal-
lowing was completed.
After finishing the task the king snake
looked wonderfully pleased, and raced
around eying the spectators for some
minutes.-Cor. Atlanta Constitution.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27

The most cur1ons provision possessed
by seeds for self dissemination il the
Microscopic avn. lii the wild oat (avena
fatua), for example, there is attached to
the glumelia "a small, leafy structure
connected with the seed. "A spiral avn
covered with humorous fine hairs, and
this avn has the power Of expanding
when moist and Of contracting when dry.
Thus the attached seed is constantly
on the move with the changes in the
weather, the hairs clinging to any object
met with, until termination or destruc-
tion puts an end to its motion.
The seed of barley. too, i provided
with 4 similar avn, which is furnished
with minute teeth that point toward its
apex. The seed, when lying on ths
ground, naturally expands with the
moisture of the night and contracts with
the dryness Of the day, but. AZ the teeth
prevent its moving toward the point Of
the avn, all motion must be in the di-
rection Of the base Of the seed, which
viii thus travel many feet from the parent
stalk.-Knowledge
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
NUMBER 2


a correspondent sends some evidemme
that it il not always the school ehHAram
who have queer i1Haa regarding tha
meaning Of words She has traasoriheN
from several hundred replies "a quea-
tons given in the examination of appH-
cants for the position of teacher. The
candidates were asked to define plagiar-
ism Here are eight Of the answers.
Plagiarism i an occult science. PIa-
giarism l. the act Of plaguing. It l. the
state Of believing differently from the
majority of people.
1t Is the act of telling falsehoods about
an opponent. It is downright meanness.
1t l. having the disposition to fight. III
is something made correct by usage. r
do not know unless ii relates IA The
power Of witehing
Define pedagogics. Pedagogics is fs-
mail teachers. 1t relates to petty rulers.
ln that case there j. something about
pedag0gics IN the history Of Europe, also
history Of the United States and the
Bible. 1t is the history of ones good or
bad deeds. Pedagogics is an old teacher
that's cranky.
What ARE 1netaphoric rocks IheE are
rocks composed of little animals caIieE
metamorphoses
What Is the derivation on the WORD
'polypus:" 1t is derived from po1v
(many) and pus puss); many cats.
What is anatomy? Anatomy is extinct
in dead boldly.
What can you say of the use Of pain
and pleasure. Pain ID of no use, but *
is bad for the health. Pain gives the
physician practice. Pain tells us that all
is not right in the region where the pain
is. There are many kinds Of pain, enough
for every one to have some. Pleasure il
useful because il promotes health, IL lets
us enjoy ourselves while the pains are
absent.
Describe the bee. The bee has 2 wings,
4 leggs. 1t has part at the end Of the
boldly not the head that ID poisonous.
He j. classed among fies.
Give an account of Horace Greeley.
He led the Greeley expedition into tae
north, turned cannible, eating up theif
members when provisions gave out
Youths Companion.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
A Condmctnr.s Pnsar.

A Chinaman boarded Market street
car and handed the conductor Il five cent
piece. That official rang up Il fare on
the register and. while making change
for another passenger, put the China
mans nickel in his mouth Lii going
around the curve by the public buildings
the car gave IA iurch and the conductor
swallowed the coin. The fact of what
the result might lie to his digestion didn't
seem to trouble him SO much AZ being
short in his cash His first move was to
put the Celestial off the car. but the fare
had already been registered and he spent
the remainder Of fhc trip in trying to
figure whether he was five cents out or
FIVE cents in Or both Philadelphia
Record
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
An Audacious Journalist.

John Augustus O'Shea, the famous
war correspondent, has achieved record
both as journalist and as candidate
for parliamentary honors When on
the staff of London newspaper he
once, at period of high pressure, owing
to the absence and illness Of the mem
bers of the staff, accomplished the un-
paralleled feat of delivering himself Of
126 leaderettes in three weeks--all crisp,
bright and joyous. In gratitude the
proprietor of the newspaper, unasked,
raised O'Shea's honorarium by 100
guineas year at one bound.
On the occasion Of vacancy in the
parliamentary representation of the bor-
ough of Ennis in Ireland, O,Shea pre-
sented himself to the constituents, and
in substance addressed them as follows:
81 have nothing to offer you, and
promise you nothing. Rest assured,
however, that if you confer on your
selves the high honor of electing ms
shall not forget you" The audacity Of
his address lost him the seat.-London
Tit Bits.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27

The horse was probably first ,lomes-
ticated on the plains OF Central Asia.
This must have been at very remote
period, for on the sculptured monuments
of ancient Assyria we find highbred,
carefully caparisoned steeds given in adj
mirable outline. showing how familiar
and how favorite al object the horse
must have been to the Assyrians- The
name is long and flowing or curled or in
tassels- Three horses abreast drew the
chariot in which were three warriors.
Saddle horses led by grooms or bearing
horsemen are delineated. sometimes in
the thick Of battle.
The horse was doubtless introduced
into Egypt as late as the time Of Hyksos,
and sculptured representations of it are
often conventional types peculiar to later
Egyptian art Instead Of the life and
energy displayed BY the Assyrian horse,
there il a rather weak attempt to repre-
sent life and energy and the effect pro
duced is mechanical Probably the horse
Of the Delta did not compare in beauty
Or speed with the Assyrian horse. Ber-
Jean says he was more like the Dutch
horse Of our day - Caroline X. Sherman
in Chicago Herald.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27

David Robertson, the Scotch natural
ist, had, when boy, rather an unusual
experience in clothing himself, and the
method he adopted seems amusingIy
different from that Of boys in our own
day, who when they want new jacket,
ask for it or go without.
David was early apprenticed to farm
er to herd the cattle, and one day he
went to fair with his master and there
gained prize Of twenty shiIlings BY
running race. When he reached home
his mistress offered him for the pound
enough Of homemade wooden cloth for a
coat, but though David joyfully ac-
cepted it, he was disappointed at finding
that the tailor would not make his year
ly visit to the house for some time.
With the impatience Of youth he
begged his mistress to let him make the
coat himself. At first she refused, but
when David persisted. she agreed to the
Wild project, stipulating, however. that
he should take ali the responsibility and
ask help Of no one.
The boy began by carefully ripping
his old coat in pieces for a pattern, and
by this he cut the new one, first num-
bering the pieces in chalk that he might
know how to put them together. AS all
his time belonged to his master he was
obliged to take his sewing out into the
pasture, and there after a month Of
laborious work the new coat was com
pleted. Its buttons came from an old
coat which had been discarded BY his
master, and the thread with which it
was put together had been spun and
dyed at the house.
When David showed his mistress the
new coat she was loud in praise Of it.
and declared that not even the tailor
could have done it better. One thing.
however, it needed, and that was a care
ful pressing, which he was allowed to
give it at the house.
The hardest task of all remained, for
he was obliged to remake his old coat,
and as the seams were frayed and deli
cate he had to exercise great care in join
ing them again. Another month ana
this task also was done. Then was
David the proud possessor of two coats.
Youths Companion.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27

w. Ii. Seelye, Of Kalamazoo. Mich, d
dairyman of long experience, says: II
know Of no physiological reason why a
long tail is a good sign in dairy cow,
but do know that all our best cows
have them. Mr.. J. B. Knapp, of Port
land, Ore, gave corresponding opinion
insThe Dairyman not long ago. The Hol-
landers for hundreds Of years have OBJ
served that their most promising and
long milking cows had long tails. Hence
it became settled thing with them that
the tail should extend at least below the
hook. The Dairyman says: THE long
tail is an indication Of nerve power, and
that is always thing to be desired in a
COW. 1t is equivalent to what we call
the staying power in race horse.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
SOWING GRASS SEED.
Suggestions to the Proper Depth for
Covering the Seed.

suggestions as to the Proper Depth for
Covering the Seed.
Some discussion has recently taken
place on the proper depth for covering
grass seed, and writer in a late ex-
change states that he has had free
growth of timothy from at least two
inches depth of soil, and clover seed has
come up when buried four inches deep.
This statement does not agree with the
results Of the series Of measured expert
ments made some years ago, by Country
Gentleman, in soil consisting of finely
pulverized loan. Grass seed as small as
that of timothy rarely came up from a
depth Of an inch, and half an inch was
as great as its termination could be
relied on. One inch in depth was suffi-
cient for clover, and at greater depth
1t rarely grew. These were the results
N counting and accurate measuring.
When the covering was nearly all sand
instead of strong soil, the young plants
would reach the surface from a greater
depth; but for a strong and finely pull
verized loan the above mentioned depths
could not be exceeded
Superficial observers, however, make
the mistake Of not ascertaining what
portion of the seed grows, and how many
remain dormant in the soil. The writer
above referred to recommends common
square harrow with large teeth for COW
ering the seed, on the supposition that
all will grow from four inches of soil.
This opinion, says Country Gentleman,
was doubtless adopted from observing
the small portion of the seed near the
surface and supposing that it represented
the whole. If the heavy harrow buried
them at all depths, from the surface
down to four inches, at least three-fourths
would be too far down to grow. If a
peck is sown to an acre there will still be
seed enough near the surface for fair
representation of the whole number. If
the heavy harrow sends them down to
all depths within four inches, at least
three-fourths will be too deep to grow.
But peck of clean timothy seed con-
tains no less than 10000. 900 seeds, and
over 100000 growing seeds would not
only give the appearance of successful
crop, but would satisfy the superficial
observer that all were growing and none
were buried too deep. A crop Of 10, ,000,-
900 plants to the acre would be over co.
900 to the square rod and more than 200
to the square foot, and if a fifth part
grew there would still be more than forty
plants to the square foot. No wonder,
then, that a careless observer would sup
pose thatall his seed were actually grow
ing from all the way down to four inches
in depth.
1t may be cheaper and more economi-
cal Of labor to put on another dollars
worth of timothy seed and harrow it in
with a common coarse harrow and lose
three=fourths Of it, than to take the addi
tional care and use the extra labor to
harrow it in like the hand labor of gar
den bed But the owner should under
stand well what he is doing, and know
that small amount Of seed, cloddy
ground and rough narrowing viii not be
so likely to give him success as a finely
pulyerized and rich soil
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27


If trees are to be removed from the
fields Of pastures do not cut them down,
but dig or pull them up by the roots.
In no case leave the stump in the ground
to make no end of trouble in the future
A Galesburg, Mich, sheepkeeper, has
five bells on his flock of eighty, enough,
he says, to scare away the dogs. The
dogs come up closely, but when the bells
begin to jingle they run away.
The plow that 'sholds hard is not
properly set. When set level and true,
and the traces properly adjusted, it does
the best work, runs easiest for the team
and almost holds itself. says Farm Jour
nal
II you don't kill the ticks on the lambs
now they will cost You dear next winter.
The most profitable dairy COW is the
one that helps you to make the most
butter in the winter. Butter sells
quicker then, brings more and leaves
better margin Of profit
After repeated trials Of crimson clover
on small scale Professor WI. Beal
says that 1t Is Of no value for Michigan.
Professor Gully IL of the same opinion in
refAeuce to Mississ9pDi.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
Wheat In Rotation.

A. J. Shepherd writing to the New
York World, says: "When regular sys-
tenn Of rotation is carried out wheat can
nearly always follow clover with benefit,
and especially if the recent growth can
be turned under. There is a consider
able per cent. of nitrogen in clover-the
whole plant, root and top-and this is an
element needed by wheat. In order to de-
rive the full amount of benefit, the
clover should be allowed to make a full
growth.
Before the plants begin to mature it
will help to rot and make the plant food
available if good dressing Of lime is
given just before plowing under An
item i'll turning under any green crop as
a fertilizer is to turn everything under
as completely as possible, and the more
thoroughly this is done the better viii
be the results secured
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
Baled Hay for Market.

The following are suggestions from a
New York commission house to those
who ship hay for sale: "The only way to
keep baled hay in the farm barn is to
store the bales in dry dark loft if posi-
bic. If it be necessary to store them on
the ground floor, it is very important
that the lower tiers be placed on their
ends, with good space for air to circulate
between the hay and the floor. There
should also be ample space below the
floor for the air to circulate: without this
you are sure to have stained goods, which
will sell at loss Cut hay early; do not
delay cutting on account of bloom. Hay
may be put in quite green if free from
dew or rain. Color makes great differ
ence with the sale Of hay. We advocate
the use Of covers during rainy season
while curing hay
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
IN THE POULTRY YAR0.
Classification of the Table Qualities
Different Breeds of Poultry.

Classification of the Table Qualities of
Different Breeds of Poultry.
We are indebted for the classification
here presented, in part to NJ. Lemoine,
French authority, and partly to Ger
mantown Telegraph:
Crevec9ur-Flesh delicious, white and
fine; rapid development and easy fatten-
ing. As this French breed is Of very
delicate nature, requiring quite mild
climate, it has never become very pop
ular in America.
La Fleche-Flesh very fine; develops
slowly and fattens easily; requires a
mild climate and dry soil. This is also
French breed, and is making or about
making boom in this country.
Houdan-Fiesh very fine; suitable to
all climates, especially on calcareous
ground; develops rapidly with crossing.
This breed is the most popular and most
satisfactory Of all the French breeds that
have been tried in America.
Du Mans-Flesh fine and white; suit
able to all climates; develops rapidly.
La Bresis-Flesh very fine, exquisite
flavor; suitable for all climates; develops
rapidly; fattens easily.
Silver Gray Dorking-F exceed
ingly fine; requires dry soil and mild
climate; develops very rapidly.
Langshan-Flesh excellent, suitable to
all climates; develops moderately.
Leghorn-Flesh Indifferent; develops
moderately; suitable to all climates: ex-
cellent In cross on other varieties.
Hamburg Suitable to all climates; re
quires large run; rare sitter and mother:
somewhat delicate in this country.
Brown Red Game-Suitable to all eli
mates; develops rapidly; moderate sitter.
Buff Cochin-Very tame; suitable tc
all climates; develops slowly, but too un-
wieldy
Indian Game-Flesh excellent; de
velops rapidly; suitable to most climates.
Plymouth Rock-Flesh moderate; suit
able for all climates; good sitters and
mothers develops quickly.
Prahma-Flesh moderate; hardy; good
sitter and mother; develops slowly.
Wyandotte-Flesh moderate; suitable
to all climates; good sitters and mothers.
develops quickly.
Minorca-Flesh Indifferent; suitable tc
all climates; develops quickly.
Andalusian - Flesh Indifferent; re-
quires dry soil and mild climate; de
yelops slowly
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27


1t Is worth noting that Carlyle in bis
sweeping assertion made no exception in
behalf of Emerson, who perhaps bored
him more than he dared acknowledge
with his transcendeDtalism and effusions
Of the -sover soul. But one might have
thought that he would have spared
Washington. Far from that, we find
him pleasantly remarking at some grand
dinner to Mr.. Fields Ga gentleman who.
both by his writings and from all ac-
counts by the charm Of his personal
presence, must have done much to re-
move the imputed odium from his
countrymenl: That CRETE mon Of yours
George (.sdid any one under the sun
ever dream of calling Washington George
beforeT excIaims Miss Milford, who re-
counts the story Your CRETE mon,
George, was mDnstrous bore and wants
taking down few hundred pegsF Ex-
change.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27


The value of forest products, not man
ufactured at tho mill, in Michigan, Wis
consin ana Minnesota. 1890. aggregates
$50, ,426. 1874; value of mill products. $115,-
600, ,004: value of remanufactures, $21,-
112, 2,6ls-making an aggregate value OF
products III three states Of $167, ,237, ,s1o.
The capital invested to produce this
value was $2T0, ,0l2; men employed
in forests. 95.25S; women. 90: children,
10; animals, 39, 49l In the mills the
product required the labor Of 81 $50 men,
646 women and G53 children.
The amount represented in operation
Of machinery and chemical appliances,
1890, was $23. .55g. .334. the expenditure "a
steam and water power was reported as
sufficient to lift {. 800. 600 tons one foot In
one minute; 1,262. ISL ,lsO cubic feet OF
merchantable timber were removed from
natural growth; 81. 1870. .25I were invested
in vessels and other means of transport,
and $99. .6Ss. .255 We're expended for wages.
subsistence. supplies and miscellaneous
purposes.
The aggregate increase Of product
since 1880 il reported to be 29.66 per cent
in quantity and 1892 per cent. fn value.
-Harper's Weekly
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1891-08-27
HIGHWAY AND eYwAv.

Said Bouncing Bet to Blackeyed Su&
"Oh. leave your stupid meadow, do.
And Just for once try my way;
Pull up yonr roots. dear, every one.
And plant yourself, as have done.
Along the busy highway
"You see life herel And more than that
You're seen yourself. 1t must be fat
Beyond all computation
To grow unnoticed hour by hour
Cne might as well not be flower,
AS win 10 admiration
Rnt Blackeyed Susan answered back
That as she'd never felt the lack,
And all her tastes were suited
With birds and butterflies and bees.
And other such simpncities.
She'd stay where she was rooted.
Now listen, children. while tell
The fate that Bouncing Bet befell.
BY highways dry and dusty:
While meadow blossoms still were bright,
Her pinky bloom had faded white,
Her leaves were brown and rusty.
And people passed her where she grew.
And went to look for Biackeycd Sue.
As might have been expected;
Her yellow blossoms in vase
Won everybody's smiling praise
And poor Bet drooped neglected.
Mary Bradley in st. Nicholas.