davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
WHY DERELICTs TURN OVER.
Some Explanations of Well-K nown
 and Curious Fact.


 and Curious Fact.
 Nearly every incoming vessel which reaches this port reports having passed some derelict tossing about the north At lantic. The peculiarity of the reports lies in the fact that nearly every one of the wrecked vessels is reported as floating bottom up. The cause that induces a craft which is built to float keel down. ward, to assume the unnatural attitude of pointing to the skies as soon as abandoned, is point on which seafaring people wide ly differ, says the New York Times.
 It is easy enough to comprehend how an abandoned and helpless vessel, drifting at the mercy of wind and wave, can be thrown on her beam end and even entirely capsized when struck broadside on by an Atlantic wave. But why subsequent waves do not send them back to their nor nal floating position appears to be ve1ed question.
 An old sea captain, who is too modest to have his name mentioned, accounts for the persistency with which derelicts insist on floating about bottom up with the reason that the bottoms of vessels are always wa tertight \ When suddenly capsized, he thinks that quantity of air is caught in the vessels hold, and, being confined ir that space, has a tendency to keep the l craft in an inverted position.
 An eminent naval constructor, when questioned on the subject, explained that the phenomenon is caused by the vessel | filling with water, and says that any shift | ing cargo changes the center of gravity ot l a vessel and effects it's stability. Experi | ence has proved this true in colliers ana | grain-laden ships. Free water is said tt | be worse than either, and it's influence ol the stability of an abandoned hulk. com bined with excessive rolling in the trougi of the sea, is often sufficient to carry tn
 derelict beyond the safe angle of keel
 Once beyond that point, the constructo | saws. it will never return.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
HOW TO SAVE MONEY.

Ao AO SA 6 NA~NHAs
 Edward Atkinson is man whose ideas are always worth attention. He has been for some time trying to make people real ize what 8 waste there is in buying and cooking food in this country. He de- clares that the cost of food material ab- sorbs half the income of nine-t tenths of our people; that the waste of food amounts to more than all the cloth made in our factories; and that we consume pound of coal for every pound of food that is cook ed for our breakfast and dinner tables. We cook in the United States, he says, at least $3, GOO, ,0O0, ,OOO worth of meat, fish, grain and vegetables in year, and of that sum we lose $1, 900, 100000 by bad cook cry. Being light eater and subsisting on $1 week for food alone, MT. Atkinson pre- fers the oil or gas stove to the ponderous 'srange' or 'cook-stove," which he thinks an invention of Satan. He adds this calculation: I gave 8 seven-course dinner to my whist club and friends, including oranges and coffee, which cost thirteen cents each for the food material. I gave 8 dinner of four courses, soup, fish, meat and vegetables, and mush with molasses for desert to nine of the poorer students at Harvard who want to economize; there were also three others; each had pound and half of strong food and the cost of twelve was sixty-one cents.
 This shows what can be done Few people in this country know how to live well cheaply. and most people think it can't be done. But MT. Atkinson says it can be, and proves it, too. If his knowl- edge and skill could be made generally available much money might be saved and much trouble avoided. People who don't know how to live can't save money.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
Country Roads.

IA Timely Word From the Century Magazine I
 There is not a rural town within board ing distance of a great city which could not at slight expense assure itself all the city boarders that it could accommodate by the simple process of systematically and intelligently improving and beautify- ing it's roads. If it were to appoint a town committee with power to employ ex- perts, or to obtain expert advice, and to carry out the suggestions thus obtained in road improvement, the mere public adver- tisement of that proceeding would attract boarders from all directions. The expense would not be great In nearly every case the gravel or cracked stone necessary for the construction of a serviceable, well drained road can be obtained within mod crate distance. There is, for example, in some parts of Orange county in New York state, kind of soft red sandstone to be found in great abundance, which crushes readily under the wheels and | makes a hard, firm road bed, which is never dusty and never muddy, which is | yielding to the horses feet and most agree able to ride over. Ordinary gravel can b. used with almost equally good results
 The main thing is to secure something lik' scientific knowledge in the construction | of the road and in the mixture of materi
 als. The vicious idea that anybody cal
 make a road by shoveling dirt into tn
 middle of it from the gutter, or, what i
 the same thing in a wholesale form, haul | ing it there by means of "scrsper," mus | be abandoned at the outset, and not onl,
 abandoned but prohibited. Until that l done no reform will be possible.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
How Te Make Gas.

From the New 1ork Recorder
 To make coal gas is very easy. Most school boys know how to do it at a very fews minutes notice. Here is the process which tried a hundred times or more be- fore was ten years old.
 Get little bit of bituminous coal-as much as the size of walnut will answer. Pound it small, almos. into dust, with a hammer or cobblestone. Take an ordinary tobacco pipe lone with long stem is pre-. ferable) and fill it with the pounded coal, pressing it pretty closely with your thumb T should have said nearly fill it.
 On the top press down some tough clay reduced to the consistency of putty by be- ing tempered with & littel water Then in sert the pipe, filled with coal and closely covered with the tenacious clay, carefully between the bars of the grate, so that the clay on the top of the bowl may not be disturbed.
 In minute or two the heat of the evolves carburetted hydrogen gas from tht coal in the pipe.
 If the covering be compact and complets the gas flowers out of the long stem of the pipe, which projects out of the fire, and you can immediately see and smell it.
 The smell is that of escaped gas-whict is so unpleasant and unwholesome wher perceived and swallowed in room-an6 the appearance is that of thick smoke Then apply a lighted match to this vapor | which, being infiammable, instantly is al aiame-burning brightly until the coal 1T | the bowl of the pipe has parted with it gas. When this is done there is an end tt | the fame
 Take the pipe out of the fire, remove thu clay cover of the bowl, and the residuun remaining therein is cokel
 Now this is the distillation of gas iron coal, which lights our houses and streets only at the gas works the vapor is sub | mitted to processes which purify it, there by producing @ clearer and brighter igh I when burning. What is left after madnl the gas has . commercial value.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
A Girls Peculiar Predicament.


 Several hundred people crowded the street in front of Galt's jewelry store yes terday morning, attracted by the sorry plight of comedy young woman, who sat on the flag stones right in front of one of the big windows. One dsintily shod foot, peeped per force from under her skirts, and the other was down in the coal under the sidewalk
 It seems that the iron and glass grating that lights the vault under the sidewalk just before the plate glass window was broken. The hole did not seem large enough for child's foot to slip through. The young woman, pretty blonde in handsome dark green dress, stopped to look at the jewellers wares in the window Suddenly she gave little shriek and seemed to loose half foot of her statue. She was evidently much distressed at some l thing, and little wonder. Her French boot had slipped through the hole in the grat- | ing and her leg had followed half way to | the knee, as far as it could go. She tried | to pull it out. but it was wedged fast. Sc she sat down on the flag stones annd be, gan to cry from fright and pain and morti- | fcation.
 She was at once surrounded by crowd. The police came and made the people stand back, and kindly-faced old lady did | what she could to comfort the unfortunate | girl.
 MT. Galt sent to a machine shop for ( couple Of men, and they came with saws hammers and crowbars, and set about breaking one of the bars of iron grating, so as to release the imprisoned foot. Il took fully half hour, and the crowd go' bigger and bigger every minute, but finally the iron bar was sawed through, and th' pretty girl was freed from the most awk ward position of her life. Then she tool | a carriage and went home.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
Tea.Poi,on Detec1or-

T"Her Point of View in New York TiInes-l
 "Tea," says woman who knows, "clear tea, without sugar or cream, is one of the best of agents for the detection of suspected poison. remember stopping once, in my travels, at a little country inn whose buxom landlady offered me some beautifully look ing waffles, besides which she sat down a small picther of syrup. There was talk at that time-it was several years ago-about the adulteration of some syrups, and this particular pitcherful had peculiar color which did not like. So l asked that a cup of tea be brought to me first, and when it came took teaspoonful of the syrup and put it in. Instantly the tea turned perfectly black, showing the presence of 8 mineral poison. don't know that there would have been enough to have have done serious harm, but as don't care to take poison even homeopat- hically, when know it, I ate my waffi es that day with butter and sugar. More than that, called the landlady's attention to the circumstance, which resulted in ban ishing all of that syrup she had in the housa
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
RED ANTS AND THEIR WAYS.
How the Creatures May be Driven Away and Discouraged.
 TFrom the washfnvson Sfarl

From the Washington Starl
 "A multitude of kinds of vermin, as household pests in general, all the way from rats to cockroaches, seem to be desig- mated, we apparently owe to the older civ ilization of Europe" said distinguished entomologist. 'Not least annoying among these imported foes is the red ant, which probably received its scientific name of Phsroah's ant, on account of defective knowledge of Scripture on the part of its describer, who doubtless imagined that ants formed one of the plaques of Egypt, whereas the only chronological afiiction mentioned in the Bible as attacking Egypt were lice, flies and locusts.
 "A house badly infested with these crea- lures is almost unhabitable. The only thing particularly worth mentioning about them is the manner in which they may be got rid of. The first thing is to find the point from which they come-that is to say, where their nest is. If they have built the nest in some easily accessible spot a little kerosene will quickly dispose of the trouble. But if the nest is in the wall or under the floor, and taking up board will not bring them within reach, find the near est accessible point and devote your ener- gies to killing the ants of as they appear. Where the nests are outside the house nothing is easier than to find them and de- stroy them with kerosene. The nests are almost always in the immediate vicinity of the house. The insects are peculiarly susceptible to the efforts of Persian insect powder.
 Another kind of ant which has given much annoyance to people in Washington is larger black or brownish creature that often builds it's nests so close to houses as to become serious nuisance, getting into the rooms, and even making it's way into clothes, so as to be personal discomfort. People who cultivate flower beds from year to year, particularly along old fences, are apt to find these beds become filled with the nests of the black ants. The insects can easily be got rid of with little effort. Kenosene is the appropriate remedy, and it should be employed with watering pot after dusk, when the ants have gone to bed and it is still light enough to see their holes. If the first application to this cure does not entirely dispose of the mischief, two or three more trials should be made at intervals of few daysn
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10

he gets from his father, who still holds an appointment in the East India service. Young Kipling's health has been seriously broken, but since his flying trip to Amer ica it has been on the mend.
 South Dakota has been gaining an un- enviable reputation because of it's lax divorce laws. The ease with which the matrimonial bonds could be severed in that State has attracted to it large num- Der of persons who found divorce diff cult matter in the east, among these being many who are connected with families prominent in public life and in society. These matrimonially uneasy people have taken up a temporary residence in South Dakota, with the intention of leaving the State when they have secured the desired divorce, but are now thrown into con- sternation by the announcement of Judge Aiken that he will put a stop to these wholesale divorce proceedings by re- quiring an actual residence in the State before separation can be obtained.
 It never rains but it pours. Two years ago Jacob Norcross, of Ashland, Oregon, was rich ranchman and happy with his family. But the winter was severe and storms were violent, and when spring came the ranchman's horses and cattle had per ished. He still had his ranch and his home, and stock to form nucleus for new herds, but only for brief time, for first a failure, then fire, and then another fail ure which forced him to pay heavily on notes which he had indorsed, took from him the remainder of his store. Then he was bereft of child, and then of health and strength; and, feeble and discouraged and homeless, Norcross was forced to go to friends for shelter for himself and wife. This journey was made in car riage drawn by his only remaining horses, and just before it's end, while crossing the railroad track, @ special train running at an unusual hour struck his team, killed both horses, wrecked the carriage and bruised and wounded Nor cross and his wife. And almost at the end of his journey, when it seemed that danger was over, he stumbled, fell, and when his wife bent over him he was dead.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
Piccadilly and the Boulevards. Andrew Lang in the August Scribner.] IInloan o;uil;ua&; &;or nu;to oh.,4n n,,f fI

Unless civilization quite shuts out the sky she cannot absolutely improve beauty off the face of the town. And in Picca- dilly there are '1ots of sky" as the little street boy said when, for the first time, he was taken into the country. Above the crowd, the smoke, the struggle, be- yond the yells of them who vend the dis astrous evening papers, far remote from the cries of murder and sedition, the se- rene sky looks down on you, and the sun set brings it's harmonies even into Picca- dilly. The artist cannot represent these things in his black and white; these beau ties must be seen, and into many 8 spirit that is tired of towns they bring their own tranquility, and speak silently of how the solemn and charmed hour is pass ing in her royal robes over mountain and pale sea-straits, over long river pools, over ready lochs where our hearts are, and where we fain would be, though we "pad the weary hoof" in Piccadilly. London is hard place for those who in their era dies "were breathed on by the rural Pan, '' but even in London nature has her move ments and does not absolutely and always | veil her face. Such are the pleasanter as- poets of Plccadllly, street more or less ot pleasure, though in this respect far unlike | the Boulevard in Paris. There is no street l life, so to speak, in the wealthier thor. | oughfares of London. There is nothing
 at all resembling the gayety of the Boule- l yard, with the cafes, the crowds of people
 contemplating existence over glass oi
 beer or 8 cup of coffee from the comforta
 ble haven of cafe awnings and cafe chairs
 Here are none of the bright Mosques
 none of the posts covered with many col
 ored and alluring bills of the play. The
 shops are few, only that of MT. Gruliano
 who makes the pretty copies of ancient l jewelry and Renaissance enamels, is very attractive to stare into. whereas on thu
 Boulevard the shop windows are perpet l ual delight. Nor are there theaters here 1 with their brisk hustle. The theaters ar,
 far of in the Strand, and have no exter ! nal attractions.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
WAITING.

'I'n wait until you are at leisure," said a caller to the editor. tI'm afraid I'll be of no use to you when Pm dead" replied the editor.-The Epoch.
 Not In It.-'Wel, MT. Wabash, what do you think of the Atlantic Oceans" "It's putty fine, sir," returned the Chicagoan, but it ain't Lake. Michigan. ."-The Epoch.
 Plenty of Water-Thirsty Lady. Is there any water aboarda Captain (excur- sion boat)-Only bout four feet, Mum, but please don't tell anybody.-New York Weekly.
 Griffin Coming to the point at once)E Kitty, will you have mel ....-
 Kitty (equally business-ikeETha MT. Griffin; but really can't afford you. -Drake's Magazine.
 City Man-What did you mean by say ing there was no malaria here?
 Countrymsn-Wa-al, you see reckon ed that the first batch of boarders had taken it nearly all away with them.- Judge.
 Jack (strolling home from the evening services)-There used to be law in New England prohibiting kissing on Sun day.
 Maude !coyly)-well, it isn't in force now, is its
 Indignant Customer-Look here, you advertise popular prices, and yet you charge me twenty-five cents for cup of coffee and ham sandwich. Proprietor of Restaurant-You'n find these prices very popular with caterers sir.-Judge.
 Tourist-How long have you been living here, my friend?
 Native-See that big hill over thars
 Tourist-Yes.
 Native-Wal, that hill was yere when came yere.-Brooklyn Life. Laura-How do you like my new dress?
 Jennie-The sleeves are absurdly full ''That's done in self defence"
 "What do you meanw
 ''That dreadful, absurd Tommy Knoo- dle calls every other evening, and I must have somewhere to laugh in."- Pittsburg Bulletin.
 "so you didn't find it difficult, after all, to get married"
 "No; there's something harder than get ting married"
 "Ah, getting divorce, you meant"
 ''No. I mean getting the furniture. ."- Drake's Magazine.
 Mrs. Brown-What makes that baby cry so, Benjamin. MT. Brown (who is do- ing the perambulating act)-Pm pinching him. "Why, what in the world are you doing that for" q can't keep awake long enough to get him to sleep unless he cries.-Binghamton Leader. "What hymn did I understand you to ssya" inquired the Sunday school teacher of the young lady who presided at the melodeon, and who had just asked him to close the service, the Superintendent being absent. ''Sing half of 246," she answered, smiling at his nervousness and confusion. 'We will now close by singing" he said, addressing the school, 'by singing Hymn 123." A little ten-year-old girl came down to breakfast few mornings ago in great furry of excitement. She said she had had dream the night before-'such a funny dream" She dreamed "riddle. J Of course all were anxious to know what it was. She said: "What is the differ ence between sailor and 8 landsmanF After a good laugh the child's mother asked her if she dreamed the answer also. She replied that she did, and immediately told the answer given in her funny dream "The one sails the seas, the other sees the sailsl" What do the psychologists say'- Buffalo Courier.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
WHAT IF WANTS.


 The Peoples party in Ohio doesn't seem to want much. It's modesty is only ex- celled by it's greediness. It wants, among other things, labor protected by law. It wants no more changes in the form of municipal governments without popular consent. It wants the Standard Oil com pany's charter revoked. It wants gambling in "futures" prohibited by law. It wants popular election of United States senators. It wants unadulterated and uncounterfeited food. It wants compulsory education and free school-books. It wants no children under fourteen working for wages. It wants stop put to contract labor in prisons. It wants equal and exact justice in taxation. It wants the national banks abolished. It wants full legaltende1 treasury notes, and enough of them. II wants government loans direct to the peo- pie on real estate or other ample security at a rate of interest not exceeding 9 pc, cent" It wants free and unlimited sil yer coinage. It wants lower taxes. It wants alien landowners and greedy land grant railroads compelled to hand ove, their holdings of land to the people. Il wants a graded income tax. It wants { government or state monopoly of the liquor business in all it's branches. wants woman suffrage. It wants govern ment ownership of all railroads and tels graphs. It wants liberal pensions for thu old soldiers, their widows and orphans. | also wants such extra payment to thes pensioners, representing the difference il value between the greenbacks paid then and gold, as shall "place the soldier o, the same footing as the bondholder ha been."
 This is all the wants it has made know up to date. Probably if it sees anythin more it. wants it will not hesitate to as for it.
Morning journal and courier., 1891-08-10
Char,e, K,ngsley on camb,ins.

 IA Letter to His Young Son on the Subject
 There is matter which gave much un=. easiness when you mentioned it. You said you had put into some lottery for the Derby and had hedged to make safe. Now all that is bad, bad, nothing but bad. Of all habits gambling is the one I hate most and have avoided most. Of all habits it loss alike make it grow. Of all habits, however much civilized men may give way to it, it is one of the most intrinsically savage. Hiftorically, it has been the peace excitement of the lowest brutes in human form for ages past. Morally, it is unchiv- alrous and un-Christian.
 1. It gains money by the lowest and most unjust means, for it takes money out of your neighbours pocket without giving him anything in return.
 2. It tempts you to use what you fancy your superior knowledge of 8 horses mer- its-or anything else-to your neighbors harm.
 If you know better than your neighbor | you are bound to give him your advice. Instead, you conceal your knowledge to l VIII lEOh ulS ueuco Couc | sorts of concealments, dodges, deceits- I say the devil is the only father of it. hope you have not won-I should not be sorry for you to lose. If you have won shall not congratulate you. If you wish | to please me you will give it back to iti lawful owners the money you have won As you had put in you could not in honol draw back till after the event. Now yoJ can give back your money, saying you un | derstand that the head master and I disap prove of such things, and so gain yer. great moral influence. Recollect alway that the stock argument is worthless. I is this: "My friend would win from m if he could, therefore have an equal righ to win from him." Nonsense. The sam argument would prove that I have a righ to main or kill man if only give hin leave to maim or kill me, if he can ant will.
 1 have spoken my mind once for all on
 matter on which I have held the sam views for more than twenty years, ant trust in God that you will not forget m.
 words in after life. have seen many
 good fellow ruined by finding himself on
 day short of money and trying to get
 little by play or betting-and then tn
 Lord have mercy on his simple soul, fo
 simple it will not long remain. Mind, : am not least angry with you. Betting
 the way of the world. So are all the sey
 en deadly sins, under certain rules an
 pretty names but to the devil they lead indulged in, in spite of the wise world an its ways.