The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1891-01-25
THE PLANTER AND FARMER.
USEFUL NOTES OF INTEREST TO
ASRiCULTURIsTS

y
ofVsntiIsiing Poultry-Uouses in Winter.
The following in regard 20 The prepare
ton OF tobacco seed beds aud tie selection
OF seed is taken from an article in the
Florida Asricullurist by Mr. Z. b. Noodle,
president Of the Tobacco Growers Associa-
tion:
The Virginia, North Carolina. Kentucky.
ana Missouri method of preparing seed
beds is best, viz: selecting rich, damp
(not weD spot of virgin soil and burning it
well with brush and wood. After taking
m leaves and laying down a few green
poles about i've or six feet apart 10 elevate
/ lhe wood three or four inches from the
| surface. s0 a- io admit air between the fire
| and soii while burning, remembering that
/ the object is 90 burn the ground instead Of
the air over bead. have seen men Of COM
/ mon sense very floor The ground with
split wood put nat on the surface, and then
/ pile ou brush timber siX feet high. and
/ after terrible COnilagration find that their
/ loor Of timber bad protected the ground
/ from the burning heat. Common sense
must le exercised (but not too common.
/ Amer the ground has burned sufficiently
] % kili all seeds Of weeds and grass n bur
roughiug grubs. etc. then dig deep aud
! well pulyerIzlng tAe soil and Incorporating
/ the ashes, hut not turning The surface up
! side down. Then rake well and level and
SOW the seed same day, 10 possible, at the
/ rate Of tNO hpaped tablespOOnluls 90 iinN
square yards, estimating that ten feet
.quare viii Doe required for every acre. Mix
/ the seed car. fully with corn meal or a-he,
! (white) so that boo sowing broadcast You can
SEQ where the ground is uncovered. Then
eNfemuOri/c "a pair of suOWshoes Of two
pieces OF board, say ten or twelve inches
square. mailing ON "a simple leather strap
/ under which 90 put your feet while tramp
/ ing The bed. This method iind better ihan
| the roller.
The seod bed should then be covered over
with strt -ht, lclies- brush. Land on single
fashion. o. remain tlll plants are large a.
| half dollar. southern exposure is prefer
able. aud tine time 10 sow 10 from January
/ 10 March 4.
CHOICE OF ,EED.
What varieties of tobacco are found hy
experiment 90 DE best adapted 10 our cl-
/ mate soil and market ~ question az vital
] importance. Any variety VIII crow ana
{ lo well bon Florida. but d. l- folly 90 plant
/ any but that most boz demand and that pays
l.st. The PENNSYLVANIA Seod leaf or ihe
/ Connecticut seed leet. and best OF three vac
rirtias for wrappers. is the VI luicuagln.
/ the seed of which is from the ManicHrlgun
| Iistricf ben the Pc lel del Rio Valley. or
/ Northern Nuelta Abai) district jon cuba.
| or course. the PENNSYLVANIA ana Connect
| cut seed leaf are 5ls) from luJ1 seed re-
produced J., those States. But for general
| purposes. both wrapper and filler, the
! Nuelta Abaio is mostly preferred the only
objection being that it Is very thin, small
/ leaf. and must iu 400 cases De planted ON
/ Very Iirh land Co obtain paying yield The
] other varieties named above DO not require
1853 strong land. the plants obtaining good
size. suitable for wrappers, without 80 much
/ fartiliZing.
/ have tried some twcnty-odd varieties
/ and n n as many " Cuban and Brazilian
/ varieties. but hate discarded all OF them
/ except Oj the Nucitl Abajo. l2l the Mani
caragun, and (0 Peuusyh seed leaf
/ and Connecticut seed leaf when ] want t0
/ raise large wrappers. All OF these varieties
make GOOD filters. a- well as binders and
! wrappers. and on this account nave dice
| .adcd altogether ~umatra seed, Goa only
J f,a loayps suitable for wrappers 9rO u.'ffi.
whereas every scanned leaf. though torn iA
! worms or oiherwiso. d. useful to bind I- ,ud
/ ulicr.
PREPARING LANp FOK rLANIlNr.
The next thing boz order is % begin 90 pre-
/ pare the land. SD ast0 have itreadY hy thc
/ last week boo March or The lst Of April. The
| and should OBJ. near q body Of water il pos-
/ .lhlc. and broken or turned over 300 midN u-
/ -.r9uJ then rolroken lust before trans
! planting. DO land i- low and damp and
/ .i,nI. fo suffer from heavy rains d. is he.
..',f,,t.n . small ridge. 10 level and uDi
/ INNS liani.. infant on tba leyel surface. sim
| ,lv using marker 90 make row-. Ii th'
| AID i.bi.b and dry. lav oft rows with "a
.0n narrow buil-Dn-ued ploW and pet the
I.nf.. two inches below th.lelfl surface.
! 10 l,r..,a.l ..lrnras are III D. Do is het-
.rt1 aprlv broadcast. na~iu- fle rows
| .I.,.0.. d, ihreo apd Out-lalf feet apart. and
.,r n,. ,Ianf. d0oen io twenty inches
.,, ....I.,iio.,f,fL size of The variety.
/ H.. N-,,.tta sh,ig sb.tli Doe oul, twelve o.
/ if.., inol.. III. Nlgi.arargu OF PDpu-
.,i,,ri, .Dal' l.4f On auv nrr.r variety
/ .rfIl.sfrt..r Cd t,y,Outg inches apart BOO
/ nh. rows.
Nentl..in. Pouitr, uou-e. Ir winter.
lei. uot necessary that poultry house,
-h.ufI Doc cXueuelAr. sore failures have
/ .n.ult.d tr.,,, ii,a ATTEMPT to make poultry
/ l.u-o- h9NealI ihr "modera cOuNculfucys'
/ f,un r.on any other source. Iu cold cli-
,t'. ,...'..,. .,.'., ,.,,ers tl,a ground u ror-
| ,...,, 81 tr. Tina. and whore tlo cold wind
/ LIZ. i..t.. .,..,.,.. ..,..e and fr.yic. tD.
., u .li.,lt, -.,. Nfirr.r and Farmer
| 7.I ,,. ..''ra. t,,rI n. i. ID keep the hens
/ -.,r,,, .f,f .fnforf.Il. without the aid az
/ ,",,s ,yl.,, ..,l .s extensive. Yet. m
/ H.. t,..oftl.a f.t than II require. very
/ ..-n ,,.,li- to keen Dtlt he plld q majority
/ ,,U,osa ,,bo build poultry houses put in 70
,'nfilator' which is Ielt open an the season
/ ,"..i.i i'm cre0liu., the f5y,., on the roost-
stnisnf.
Neutlators to p1ul ry houses have done
more d.maaa ~ noul,ry in winter than any
| t,ino rl,a. lftbeair9, TIE poultry hou.
/ ln winter J.. foul. some excuse may rc made
/ .,i..,.ntiisf.r hut the severe cold seals
m. NH sources Of alor. and in short time
/ firms ail LIQUIDS To- -oii1a. tie poultry
| boYse can be- amply purified and ventilated
/ gv leaving the doors aud windows open dur
/ .6, The dav and u-ia1 dry dirt on the roo,t
( b.srd and floor as an absorbent, but the
v.ntilator al tle ,og OF the poultry house
t.nil ,.,pr na l.fi' omen afi.l cold weather
oa,. -,
NIL l.,,,,,.,, tl,,f t,yyI. object 10 being