New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-12-10


but the imposs bility OF perfectly guarding our
extended frontier is apparent The Dominion
Government collects head tax OF $5O from every
Chinaman entering Canada, and thus derives q
considerable revende from those vino use Its ports
to reach a position Of advantage to evade our
exclusion laws There seems to he satisfactory
evidence that the business of passing Cinnamon
through Canada to the United States is organized
and quite active. The Department of Justice mas
Chinaman found to be unlawfully in this country
TO China as the country from which he came, he.
withstanding the fact that he came by way oi
Canada; but several Of the district courts nave,
in cases brought before them, overruled this view
Of the law and decided that such persons must
be returned to Canada. This construction foDe
tie law OF all effectiveness. even IL .e can the
should be executed, for the men returned can sp n
next day recross our border. But the piS "p
preparation is made for sending them oack ILL, W
China and the Canadian officials refuse 10 aiioT w
them to re-enter Canada without the paying III
the $50 head tax l recommend Such ieshi""oN
rs Will remedy these defects IN one law; ..o,,;or
In previous messages have caueu the at"i'. III
Of Congress to the necessity of 80 extending tho
jurisdiction of the United States courts as 10 nake
trable therein any felony committed wlie an ene
act of violating a law of the United States lnese
courts cannot have that Independence ana enectNe-
ness which the Constitution contempiates so long
as the felonous killing of court oeefs Jurors ar ANU NV
reason of their acts as SUCH is Only coShi.aolr III
the State courts The work done by the Attorney
General and the officers of his Department, even
under the present inadequate legislation. has pro-
duced some notable results IN the interest Oh Ia"
and order o..
crs of the District Of Columbia call attention to
the effectiveness and inadequacy OF the laws re-
lating TO crimes against chastity In the Dstrict OF
Columbia. a stringent code upon this subject mas
been provided by Congress for Utah. and It is
matter of surprise that the needs OF this Dlstrict
should have been so long overlooked.
THE POSTAL SERVICE.
In the report Of the Postmaster-General some
very gratifying results are exhibited, and many
betterments of the service suggested. perusal
Of the report gives abundant evidence that the
supervision and direction of the postal system
have been characterized by an intelligent ana
conscientious desire to improve the service The
revenues of the Department show an increase of
over 100000 with deficiency for the year
1892 of less than S4,0O0,OOO, while the estimate
for the year 1893 shows surplus of receipts over
Ocean-mail postOffices have been established
upon the steamers of the North German Lioyu ahd
Hamburg lines saving, by the distribution on snip
board, from two 10 fourteen hours time IN the
delivery of mail at the port of entry, ana ofteh
much more than this in the delivery at interior
places So thoroughly has this system, Initiated
BY Germany and the United States, evidenced It's
usefulness that il cannot be long before IL ls
Installed upon all the great ocean maii-caifylhs
steamships -,
Eight thousand miles of new postal service has
been established upon railroads, the car dstTlou-
ton 10 sub-stat ions in the great cities has been
increased about IL per cent, while the per-
centage of errors in distribution has, during
the last year, been reduced over one haIl'
An appropriation was given by the last Con-
gress for the purpose of making some eN-
Seriments in free delivery i'll the smaller
cities and towns. The results of these expert
mems have been so satisfactory that the Post
master-General recommends, and ! concur IN the
recommendation. that the free-deIvery system De
at once extended to towns OF b,OOV population;
His discussion of the inadequate facilities EXTENDED
under our present system to rural communities
and his suggestions with view TO give these
- Ill nj. lna
fits of the postal service worthy oil your care
full consideration Ii is not just that the FARMER
who receives his mail at a neigh1orlng 'om Nst'
should not only be compelled 10 SEND 10 the post
Office for it, but to pay considerable rent ior
box in which 10 place il or 10 wait his turn az d
general delivery window while bne GIy ie stated
that over $4,000 neighborhoods are, uhoer .c
present system, receiving mail at post-ofices weIe
money orders and postal notes are nUU
is especially desirable, as the patrons ol Sucn
offices are not possessed of the other 1aclhues
transmission of small sums of money. c..so
I have. in a message to the preceding Congress,
expressed my views to modified use o. uie
telegraph in connection with the postal SCI
OCEAN MAIL CARRYING.
In pursuance of the ocean-mail law oil Mart"
3. 1891, and after most careful STUDY Vi o'o
whole subject and frequent conferences WIFI snip
owners boards Of trade and others, advertisements
three lines of ocean-mail service: len To OleaO
britain and the Continent, twenty seven TO SCUM
America, three 10 China ana Japan loui ~, Uo
Australia and the Pacihc lslahds' senen W 'i of
West Indies and two TO Mexico. III WAS ho,, vi
course expected that bids for all these hhes
would be received OF that service upon tlieli an
would be contracted for IL was H.er ni new W.
lines as possible, while including Ill the list u9sU
or all of the foreign lines now occapiIti uo " W
American ships. 1t hoped th9o hne 10
and nd nerhapS to the Continent WOulu
he secured: but the outlay required 10 e4Nlp
such lines wholly with new ships OF the , nfeo
class and the difficulty Of establishing new huo3
in competition with those already estapishea
deferred bidders whose interest had been ehllsteu'
Ii is hoped that way may YET pe lo9iS VI
coming these difficulties. The Brazil Steaulship
Germany hy reason of a miscaculahon as 10
the speed of its vessels was not able 10 pid uhueI
the terms of the advertisement. The pohcy OK
the Department was to secure from the estplsneu
lines an improved service as cohdluom Vi gI'ihfS
10 them the benefits of the law. This III all
instances has been attained. Inc postmaster
General estimates that expenditure IN American
shipyards of about ten millions OF dollars VIII pe
necessary to enable the bidders TO construct tne
ships called for by the service whlch tney nave I've
aecepted | do not think there is any reason iof
encouragement for any turning back rom ine
policy of this legislation indeed, goou pes m
has been made and, as the subject Is further con-
sidere0 and understood by capitalists ana shipping
people. new lines will be ready to meet future
proposals and we may date from the passage Oh TINS
law the revival of American shipping interests
and the recovery Of fare share OF the carrying
trade of the world. We were receiving for foreign
postage nearly 81. 900 under the old system
and the outlay for ocean-mail service did not eN-
ceed $500 600 per annum. 1t is estimated by the
Postmaster General that, if ali the contracts pro
nosed are completed il will require $247,354 fof
This wear i'm addition TO the appropriation for sea
and inland postage already in the estimates, and
that for the next fiscal year, ending June 80 1898
there would probably be needed about S36o'ooo'
THE NAVY
The report of the Secretary of the Navy shows q
gratifying increase of new naval vessels In com
mission The Newark, Concord, Bennington, anC
Miantonomoh have been added during the year
with an aggregate of something more than ll,OO(