davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11
About TeIegcOnes.

The twelve largest refracting tele-
scopes are those OF the Lick Obserya-
tary, with an aperture Of SO inches;
Yale University, %; United States
Naval, %; Leander Mccormick, 26;
Princeton, %; Denver, 20; Smithson-
ian, 20; Dearborn, 1875; Carleton
College, 1862; Warner, 10; Washing
ton, 1916; and Harvard, 10. The
largest rejecting telescopes are those
OF Harvard College, % inches, and
the Rev. DR.. John Peate, %. DR..
Peate. who is an amateur maker, is
now finishing up 3l2 inch silver-on-
glass mirror, which will be presented
to the Allegheny College at Meade
vile. When mounted it will be the
largest rejecting telescope in this
country. There are numerous reflec-
tors made 10y Brasher from nine to
twelve inches in diameter. The
Clarks are now grinding an object
glass Of forty inches TO be mounted in
an observatory yet to be built on
Mount Wilson, in Southern California.
Though the Lick Observatory pos.
sesses the largest telescope at pres
ent, Harvard College has the best
equipped observatory for general as
Economical work in America, and one
Of the best in the world.-Sidereal
Messenger.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11
A French Gard Scandal.

A Gordon-Cumming case happened
under Napoleon III. A very brill
liant staff captain, Count d'Andlau-
who was one Of the Emperor's cquer-
rics-was caught cheating at Cam
picgnc. The Emperor was informed
that Captain landau had long been
under suspicion. To prevent scan
dial Napoleon imposed secrecy upon
the accusers, and d'Andlau pledged
himself not TO touch cards again. On
this condition he was allowed to re-
main an officer of the army and a
knight Of the Legion Of Honor, but
he was sent TO join the French cxpe-
dition i'm Mexico. D'Andlau fought
well and earned promotion. He was
sent from Mexico to Algeria (being
never permitted to return to France
while the empire lasted, and his Sc
cret was so faithfully kept that by the
end Of the Franco-Prussian war he
had risen to a Colonelcy, and a year
or two afterward became a General
Then he laid himself open to another
charge OF swlndling and was sentenc-
ed to two years Imprisonment, and
the history came out.-New York
SIM
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11

in the armies Of France, England and
Germany. All he could do was to buy
samples from private powder mills.
This he did, and he brought back
samples Of the English Maxim and
HoughtOn, the French b. N, the
German Noble and Walsrode and the
Belgium Werdenen. All these have
been tested 10y nearly every European
Government and found not SatiSfac-
tory, in spite Of the improvements
made upon them. Each company as
sured the agent that its powder was
the best and that it would like to
supply the United States Government
with as much smOkeleSs powder as
the whole army could puff away.
Captain Blunt, of Springfield, at
the head Of the board of army officers
for testing the new magazine rifle to
be introduced into our army, was as
signed to thoroughly test these pow
ders.
According to Captain Blunt's report
all the smolleless powders brought
from Europe as well as the one man
ufactured by the United States navy,
Is NdluelcSS lOT use Ill SIldll HTedTHlS
such as infantry rifles.
The force Of smOkeless powder is
much greater than than that Of or
binary gunpOwdNr, because of the
high explosive character Of the sub
stances used. It's combustion is so
rapid that one grain more than the
normal charge OF cartridge will
cause an increase of $4,000 pounds
pressure to the square inch in the
breech Of a gun. Unfortunately the
most skillful hand cannot measure a
powder charge to the nicely of
grain, more or less.
The increased pressure causes an
increased velocity Of the missile, and
as by far the largest number of car
tridgeS will be tritle irregular in
weight, the produced pressure and
the actual velocity Of each bullet
will differ. With such material
craftsmanship would become farce,
and an infantry body forced to use it
might as well throw rifles away and
essay to hit the enemy with baton.
Only few trials have been made
to establish the value Of the samples
Of smoleless powder for large guns.
The 8-inch breech-loading steel rifle,
the smallest Of the American big guns
at Sandy Hook, was fred couple Of
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11

the appearance of thin sheets of glue,
which are cut in strips two inches
long and half an inch wide. The
charge is bound together with string
and then put into the gun. The Ger.
man Walsrodc is cut in cubes one.
third OF an inch square. 1t is dark
black and under the knife acts like
soap. A thin piece cut from it is al
most transparent. One of the chief
components OF all smokeless powder is
now nitro-cellulose, which seems to
have transplanted the straw cellulose.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11

Samples of the Improved Powder brought
from Europe.


Some months ago the War Depart
ment sent a special agent abroad to
get samples OF the different smokeless
powders used by the European powers.
While the idea was good, says the
New York World, the task was hope
less from the start. The war depart
ments OF France, England and Ger
many make their smokeless powder
and no outsider can enter their
factories, much less get samples of
their powders. The process Of manu-
facture is considered state secret.
Even active officers Of the countries
named have TO apply for special per-
mission to visit powder mill belong
ing To their government.
Under the circumstances it is not
surprising that the United States
agent found it impossible TO get
samples Of the smokcless powder used
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11
Coppcred Iron.

A process has been recently in
vented by which iron may be cop
pered by dipping it into melted cop
per, the surface Of the iron being
protected by layer of melted cryo-
lite and phosphoric acid. 1t has
been found that If the article, when
immersed, is connected with the neg
ative pole of battery, the coppering
is done more rapidly.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11
August
Flower

There Is a gentle
Dyspepsia. man at Malden-on-
the Hudson, N. Y,
named Captain A. G. Pareis, who
has written us letter in which it
is evident that he has made up his
mind concerning some things, and
this is what he says:
have used your preparation
called August Flower in my family
for seven or eight years. 1t is con-
stantry in my house, and we consider
it the best remedy for Indigestion,
and Constipation we
Indigestion. have ever used or
known. My wife is
troubled with Dyspepsia, and at
times suffers very much after eating.
The August Flower, however, re-
lieves the difficulty. My wife fire.
quently says to me when am going
to town, We are out
Constipation of August Flower,
and I think you had
better get another bottle. I am also
troubled with Indigestion, and when
ever I am, / take one or two tea
spoonfuls before eating, for a day or
two, and all trouble is removed" o
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11
5 with the German Walsrode.

times with the German Walsrode.
The results, in measure, surprised
the experimenting officers.
The normal charge OF ordinary
powder for an S-inch rife is 100
pounds. Only forty-five pounds of
the German smokeleSs powder were
used, and the low pressure OF 80, 900
pounds per square inch to the breech
of the gun, with extraordinary velocity
Of over 1000 feet per second was OBJ
tanned. Taking into consideration
that the full charge of 100 pounds of
ordinary powder, with pressure of at
least 30, 900 pounds TO the square
trch would not have given more than
l.750 or 1900 feet velocity, it would
seem that this smokeless powder has
come good qualities.
All these foreign powders have been
carefully anSlyzed, but their compost
ton remains a secret. 1t has been
impossible TO determine the chemical
bases Of some Of the compound ingre-
dicnts. and until this is done il will
be hard for our powder-makers to inn
prove upon these products. The value
of smOkelcSs powder in warfare is be-
yond dispute. The War Department
seems TO realize this, and the ordnance
department does at present, with its
limited means, all ic can TO keep
abreast with the progress Of modern
times. This government should fol-
low the example Of foreign powers and
establish laboratories, placing them in
charge of skilled chemists, who might
Ftudy the smokclcss powder qucstiO l
thoroughly.
The French smokelcss powder has
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11
TeJephonIc Risks.

Danzig officials have discorcred
that bacillary infectious can be com
municated by the membranes Of
telephones.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1891-11-11
Not a Local
Disease

Because Catarrh affects your head. II is not there-
Tore a local disease. IL II did not exist in your
blood. IL could not manifest itself In your nose.
The blood now In your brain Is. before you finish
reading this article. back in your heart again.
and soon distributed to your liver. stomach. kid
neys, and so on. Whatever impurities the blood
does not carry away. cause what We call diseases.
Therefore, when you have
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01
MUST PROTECT PASSENGERS.

The New York court of appeals has just
handed down an opinion which will be
found interesting by all railway travellers,
and which should become universal law.
Some time ago one CARPENTER went to bed
in sleeper on the New York, New
Haven & Hartford railroad, placing his
pocketbook containing $40 under his pillow.
In the morning the money was gone and
the loser brought suit against the company
Tor its recovery. In the trial court the
complaint was dismissed, and the general
term affirmed the dismissal. The plaintiff
carried the case still higher, where the
lower courts were reversed, and the COM
pany went into the court of appeals, which
has just decided that the railway must pay
MIR. CARPENTER his money. The opinion
says: ''These cars are used by both sexes
of all ages, by the experienced and mex
perienced, by the honest and dishonest.
which is understood by the carriers, and
though such companies are not insurers,
they must exercise vigilance to protect
their sleeping customers from robbery"
This seems like good law, for it is good
common sense. The passenger is unable to
protect himself. He necessarily entrusts
his valuaoles, while in the car, to the pro
lection afforded by the company. If he
must arm himself and stand guard all night
he will have no use for the sleeping car
berth for which he pays.
If the law as laid down by the New Y ork
court of appeals shall become universal
railway and sleeping car companies will be
more careful in the selection of employees
and they will hire enough men to protect
their customers from thieves and robbers
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01
WE NEED WATER.


We agree with Councilman PEMBROKE
and Engineer DoREMUs that the plan for
bringing water from Parley's canon is
more feasible than that of pumping the
little stream near Liberty park The wells
near the park promised much at first. but
further developments demonstrated that
they will yield great amount of water.
1t wM be much better to take the water
from the canon streams than to depend
upon flowing wells.
The city will need every available drop
of water from City creek, Emigration and
Parley's next summer and thereafter, and
will soon need some from Cottonwood. so
that the work of securing it might as well
begin at once.
Engineer DoREMUs remarked that the
present available supply, if Parley's
stream can be brought in, is sufficient for
more than double the population of the city.
We think. this is an error During the
summer months this city will need and use
five times more water than any other city
of the same population on this continent.
1t will be almost impossible to have too
much water On hand. What with lawns.
shrubbery, sidewalk trees, dusty streets,
and dry atmosphere, to say nothing of in
side gardens and fruit trees. this city will
consume to rich advantage all the water
our canon streams can possibly supply, and
all we can possibly store in reservoirs for
our short, hot summer.
The strong sunshine of this region
makes the ornamental vegetation luxur-
iantlY beautiful, if only an abundance of
water can be had for it; and this most at
tractive residence feature of the city is
worth any effort it may cost to perpetuate
and improve upon.
Sprinkling the streets, watering the
lawns, ETC.. not only lays the dust and
cools the atmosphere, but moistens the dry
air in a manner peculiarly grateful to the
languid body OF tired person in summer,
and no doubt exerts beneficial influence
on the general state of health.
1t is certain, too, that with the vast sup
ply of water we must have, it could be
used to furnish power for many small ma
chimes, and might come into general favor
in private residences for something of that
kind, such as the moving of small ele-
vators.
A gravity supply, and plenty of it, will
simply work wonders for this city. II
would be comparatively easy to construct q
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01
THE LOCAL LIBELER.

Right along with the condemnation of the
ibels in the eastern sensational journal, the
Tribune continues to commend them.
There is work at home for these gentle
men OF all shades of political and religious
opinion who have taken up this concerted
action against the eastern magazine.
a paper published in this city does now
and always did in the past publish to the
world the alleged danger of Gentiles living
in Utah.
But yesterday morning that paper re-
marked that these Utah Gentiles ''have had
no trouble in living anywhere else in the
United States" just as if they live here
now in great peril aud with extreme diff
Guilty.
The local libeler said yesterday, in order
to pacify the Indignation of the non Nor
mon residents, that sin their general lives
the Mormon people are as good people as
live" and added a little further along,
''Those kind of wolves are not converted
into lambs in minute or a few days; it
takes much longer process"
The local ibeler goes back to times not
fresh in the memory of people to-day in
order to conjure up mean tales about fed
eral judges being driven from Utah, about
Liberal meeting once broken up, about a
poor woman compelled to testify
against her husband, committing per
jury" etc. These tales are simply false.
and had they any truth in them, need
scarcely concern US at present
The ibeler now pretends the Mormons
are under some obligation, which makes
them "subservient to their priests Every
Mormon knows that he lies, and many have
testified to that effect upon thousand oc-
casions.
But we ask these gentlemen who are
protesting so vigorously against the foreign
enemy to silence this domestic traitor also
for it does more harm to the material pro-
gress of this territory than half dozen
distant papers could possibly do.
This paper that has fourished from its
very infancy right in the heart of Mormon
dom, whose editors feel as secure here as
they would in any portion of the globe
turns upon the quiet people whom it has
lived among and supports the preposter-
Gus assertion of an EASTERN magazine tina,
the Mormons will fight. This is the rea
enemy of Utah, the adder that strikes now
at the bosom that has warmed it.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01
FUNNY.

If it be true, as reported, that the COM
mlttee having the matter in hand, has
given it over to Governor THOMAS to write
the refutation of the Illustrated Americdn'S
SANDERS of Utah and her people, we appre-
bend there will not be much of a refutatlon.
In the first place Governor THOMAS reports
and utterances have been such as to give
the paper named sort of Justification for
its vicious libel. THOMAS, in fact has done
more to injure Utah than the New York
paper could do were it to devote it's pages
from now until doomsday to the publica-
tion of such vile lies as it has
been printing for three or four
weeks past. And in the next place
the local newspaper which owns the COVER
nor body and SOUL and of which he is said
to be part proprietor, iustifies the Amert
CAMS wicked assaults, and actually has the
effrontery to assert that the weekly's Sian
ders are not SANDERS at all. but are in the
main facts. THOMAS would as soon think
of cutting off his right hand as of attaching
his signature to a statement not approved
by his organ and master, and no statement
condemning the New York journal for
what it has done will be approved by the
Tribune. Why, the american in late issue
referred 20 THOMAS as one who would es-
tablish the truth of what it had been say
ing EC
We apprehend that the city council, the
chamber of commerce and the real estate
exchange will not think much of the work
they set out to do after the refutation dis
patch has been remode!ed and made to suit
Governor THOMAS.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01

broad, shallow reservoir on the east bench,
where land is cheap, in which to store a
billion gallons of the precious fluid, now
running to waste from the eastern streams
at the rate of ten million gallons a day.
Parley's and the Emigration stream would
soon fill fve-acre reservoir, about ten
feet deep, sunk right into the earth so that
there could be no possibility OF. breakage
Or there might be several smaller ones con-
structed, and puddled or cemented in places
to prevent seepage.
The difficulty in storing water, as every
one knows, is the vertical depth of the
pond or reservoir, and not the area of it,
1t is as easy to bank up lake as canal.
Broad shallow reservoirs on the east bench
could be constructed with perfect safety,
and filed during the spring months with
out difficulty.
The objection to canon reservoirs is the
necessarily great depth of the water that
would occur, and the impossibility of max
ing them secure.
We need Parley's and Emigration
streams and reservoirs also, unless there
are other mountain streams that can be
had
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01
A PLEASANT INCIDENT.

Some men would be excused if at times
they felt sense of pride in themselves and
their achievements, and yet these are the
very men who experience nothing of that
nature. We thought this the other evening
when the officials and employees of the Co
operative Wagon and Machine company
were banquetting the retiring manager,
MIR. j. f. GRANT. He was about to sever
his connection with a concern which he had
helped to found and which he had seen grow
and develop from an insignificant company
into might corporation transacting u
business aggregating half million
dollars year. He must have known that
much Of the growth and development were
due directly to him and his ability and in
dustry which for seven years were mani
lest in the affairs of the company, and yet
he was the most modest and most retiring
gentleman of all those who were there to
testify their appreciation of him as an en-
ployer, manager and man. Whether or
not Mr.. GRANT is in any degree proud, we
think he has something to be proud Of
when he locks back over his work and his
achievements. and contemplates the eyi-
dences, as he did on Friday evening, of the
esteem and good feeling in which he is held
by all with whom he has been so long and
SO Intimately associated.
THE HERALD likes to note events like
this, and to speak in commentator when
the words are deserved. And especially is
it agreeable to do these things when the
subject is native of Utah, as in this in
stance. We confess to deep affection for
Utah and all her worthy sons and daught-
ers aud we are peculiarly proud when a
son or a daughter achieves success and
does that which compels praise.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01
IDAHO'S INCONSISTENCY.

The Chicago Times cuts deem with an edi-
torial article on 'sIdaho's inconsistency. -
1t is presumed that the defenders of the
Idaho outrage will completely refute the
Times argument By calling that paper
jack-Mormon." Here is what the Chicago
journal says.
Human nature is full OF contradictions, and
states are but aggregations of human nature
One of the periodicals devoted to carcature
represents Uncle SAM firing with one hand upon
starved Indians in Dakota and with the other
aiding sleek Senegambians and well conditioned
Arabs. So, too, we have the general assembly
of the new state of Idaho assailing Congress
with memorials in behalf of the prosecuted Jews
of Russia, who are subjected to no greater DO
litical disabilities than are imposed by the con-
stitution of Idaho upon Mormons. The funda-
mental la W OF that state, approved by Repub
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1891-02-01

pillars, not only of this country, but of the
world. While Chicago was smoking in
ruins, the governor of Connecticut, MAR
SHALL JEwETT, one of the directors of the
Phoenix, who happened to be on the
ground, stood upon reversed barrel in the
streets of the destroyed city and announced
that he would draw sight drafts on the
company for all the Phoenix losses, and
that if her losses wiped her capital out of
existence, he was on hand to reorganize and
put her on her feety again, PERSONAL guar
anteeing new capital. Not many men leave
such monument behind them as President
KELLOGG has done. AS the vice president
wrote: ''The Phoenix Insurance company
practically stands as a memorial to him,
for he drew its charter, organized the COM
pany, laid down the plan upon which Its
work was to be done, and saw it grow to
its present proportions, its success being q
fitting crown to his career"
One item will show something of the
magnitude of the Phoenix operations. Up
to January of this year the amount of
losses it had paid was over s27, 100000.