Delaware gazette and state journal. (Wilmington, Del.) 1883-1902, 1891-09-03

socussed everybody's eyes on Chilli
within the past few days may render
acceptable to many of THE GA
EETTE's readers whose memory of their
eou.h American geography lessons has
grown little rusty the following brief
summary compiled from recent statistics
and consular reports.
Chill (the inhabitants and the United
States Bureau of photography spell it
"Chile') extends from Peru to Cape
Horn, through more than 80 degrees of
latitude. 1t has coast line, on the
Pacific, Of 1900 miles, while its breadth
from east to west varies from 40
to 200 miles. Its area is 293,97O
square miles, making it about
u times as large as Pennsylvania,
nearly twice as large as California,
little larger than Texas and West Vir-
ginia combined, or 143 times as large as
Delaware. Its population by the census
OF 1889 was, including about $4,000
aborigines and some districts from
which no official returns had been re-
: ceived, 3,115,S15. The country is di-
vided into 20 provinces ard one terri
tory, the latter comprising the western
portion of TERRA del Fuego. Among
the provinces is one bearing the remark.
able name-for republic of Spanish
derivation-of O'Iiggins and one of
Balmaceda's torpedo boats bore the
same name. This province was named
in honor of one General O'IIiggins,
who was prominent In the early history
of the republic.
Santiago, the capital and most popu-
lous city, is situated in the eastern part
OF Chill lin south latitude 33o, 35m.,
longitude 70o, 43 M, 2s seq, in large
and fertile plain at the foot of the
Andes, 90 miles east-south-east of Val
paraiso, and has grown rapidly in popu-
Iation and wealth during the past thirty
years. Within that period the popula-
ton of Santiago has increased from
about 100000 to 236,s70 by the census
Of 1889 Valparaiso, the next largest
city and the commercial metropolis of
the republic, has population of 100, 5s4.
There are eight other cities, with names
unfamiliar to American ears, whose
population exceeds 10000 Talcahuano,
which, through its being the fayorite
stopping place for Pacific whalers, is
perhaps better known to Americans
generally than any other port of Chilli,
y is only a small town with population
of 6,7l6
Since Chill makes up in length, north
and south, what it lacks in breadth, it
possesses quite range of climate, from
the sub-tropical heat of Atacama to the
almost perpetual winter of Cape Horn.
Its products are mineral and agricul-
tural. About 21,00O,0 900 bushels of wheat
are produced annually, besides other
grains, fruits and vegetables and "a ,0OO,.
600 gallons of wine. Valdivia is famous
for its woods and produces also CON
siderable quantity of cheese. Coquimbo
is equally famous for its figs and grapes.
The fiocks and herds of Chilli are in
creasing at the rate Of 100000 head of
cattle and 100000 sheep and goats per
year. Copper and nitrate of soda are
the chief mineral products; gold, silver,
al,iron, zinc, nickel, anthony ,bismuth,
manganese, sulphur, mercury and cobalt
are also mined to some extent. The
deposits of copper are said to be mex
haustible. Among the manufacturing
establishments the most important are
Hour mills, sugar reflneries and wooden
and paper mills. The Roman Catholic
is the recognized religion, but religious
liberty is guaranteed in the constitu-
ton. There were 1,74s miles of rail-
way in operation in 1899 and 724 add.
tional miles of railway projected and
under construction.
In 1880 the exports of Chilli amounted
70 $66,65s,020, and the imports to
s55,374,540. Great Britain has the bulk
II the trade, having exported to Chill
IN 1883 goods to the value of 26,351 ,l4l
pesos 1.-THE peso is equivalent to 81 cents)
and imported from Chill products to
the value of 56,S9S,407 pesos. The i'm.
ports of the United States for the same
year amounted to 2,070,69l pesos; the
exports to 3,133,173 pesos; beg.
carly percentage indeed of the trade
which should be ours. The chief
article of export to the United States is
nitrate of soda, of which we took So
7OS,753 in 1890; the only other item Of
Importance in our Gillian imports being
manufactured wool, of which we took
S1Sl,220 worth. Our exports to Chill
comprise chiefly manufactures Of iron,
steel, wood and cotton, agricultural i'm
3 plements, refined sugar and petroleum.
In the same year, 1890, Chill exported
TO Great Britain $5,1S7,01s worth Of
nitre, s4,444,e58 of copper, 81 ,1O0,3s5 Of
wheat, $993,964 of silver ore, 1901, AIS Of
barley, $3.50, 1865 Of raw wool and be.
tween 100000 and 100000 worth
of other articles
The revenue of Chill is derived mainly
from customs duties, nearly everything
coming into her ports paying tariff
ranging from Is to 50 per cent ad
valorem. On the free list are live ami
mails, books, grain and flour, coal, hair,
hay, pig and bar iron, pig and sheet
lead, rosin, tar, pitch, quicksilver, block
and sheet tin, wool and block zinc. In
addition, however, to the percentage
specified in the tariff, there is ''sur-
charge of 40 per cent of the tariff duty
on all goods; thus on 800 worth of
d1tia hla 0an,lo q x ,,or % /, 81, -