Telegram-herald., 1891-11-29

IN . nortneastern and south western
rcctlon. The Cumberland mountain
is nearly parallel wltn II. P.neyae
stands u the center u the coal teles
OF casters & eEt1cky. Ii has xbuna-
anoeof coal, both cannk and bltnmln-
Gus. the latter being Admiralty adapted
for COX ng paryoscs- Subsequent 10
the CxFb .nlfeF0as, ana probably duriag
great portion of the cretaeeons period
tAe Cumberland river flowed tArocSa
tue valley ef Trilero creek ana foHad
is way INTO the the Powell river, flow
lng through Cumberland Gap, thea 2ta
much lower elevation than Il now -.
But during the tetxeeous PERIOD
great upheayal Lifted Pine and CanpeT-
land mountains several hal dred feet
above their former elessloa. Tue
rupture or fault =. e Il seen on The
southern lace OF Cumberland and the
northern lace ot Pine moQaisia- Pine
laountsln w@s tern apart ~ THIS up
heavsl and Cumberland river formed
new outlet for atseif Through tbs pass
al Plaev lie.
In nearly every other portion Of the
world. ihe lime and iron are widely
separated from The coal, the former
being found IA the SllurlSn formation.
and the latter ia the larnoniferous- AS
u requires nearly t0fee tons o. coal 10
red nee one Ton of iron. lt is more
economical 10 transport the ore 10 TO
coal. I.ls adds greatly to The cosi ..
lroa mannfac.ure. But the great up-
heayal OF the upper Cumberland ral-
ley has brought The sAarlan 10 the sat-
lace, and both iron and lime are found
III great abundance on the sOnthein
side OF Cumberland mountain and she
northern side of Pine mountain In
the valley of Straight creek large
quantities. of the orIsAapy ole are found
containn. a large percentage OF
manganese. the beet steel making ole
OF thss continent.
As ciyilzsl.0n deyelopes the tendency
10 substitute lIon foT wo.sd Is very
marked. The wcoien bridge Is re-
placed hy the iron oa., aud even The
wooden ship has been driven OF the
field by the vessel OF lron- But tina
very few years 4 new oeye o 1incnt ls
substituting steel for iron. fn.s deve!-
opment Is due entirely 10 the Bessemer
uroccss. and this process Is successful
only when the iron OF which the steel
is made is free from ali impurities.
Phosphorus and sulphur are The pr.n-
ciple i'm purt'es which prevent the con-
version OF iron into steel 10y she Ees-
semer process and both these lngredi.
ents are found IN the iron over IN the
neighborhood of Birmingham, Ala
bama. Birmingham there! Ole cannot
manufacture a steel making iron, and
our northern iron manufacturers who
use the pure magnetic ore of Lake SUI
perior can still successfully compete
with Birmingham in the manufacture
OF steei making iron. Birmingham
can make iron cheaper than any other
portion of the world. But her iron
from its large percentage Of sulphur
and PHOSPHORUS is exclusively foun-
| dry iron which cannot be converted
into steel by the Bessemer process.
Pincville on the contrary has an
abundance of the Oriskany ore, admir-
ably adapted for steel manufacture,
| and side by ude with the ore and lime,
| she also has an abundance OF the best
coking coal for its reduction. No
transportation Of the ore and lime 10
| the coal 10 necessary Tor the cheap pro-
duct.on of the best steel making iron
10 the world ~ the lowest possible cost
of production.
This region is also heavily timbered
with black and white walnut, maple.
chestnut, white, and chestnut oak,
cherry, locust, poplar or whitewood,
and lynn or baeswood. While the cup
ply of timber in Michigan is being rap
idly exhausted, the timber in this re-
gion is comparatively untouched. Then
there 10 an abundance OF water for mAn-
ufacturing purposes. Pineville 10 now
| supplied from . reservoir on Pine
mountain, fed by Bird's Branch. Tha
| furnishes soft, pure water, taken from
q source above all human habit Ton
and ths refore free from all impurities.
Bus this supply 10 not sufficient for
manufacturing purposes, which must
| depend upon the water Of Cumberland
river. The water supply fer both do
mestic and manufacturing purposes 10
abundantand ample Tor large and
| pro- porous city.
There are otner reasons which con
| fine me in the belief that Pineville's
| future is assured, but / have l think
given sufficient and will not detain yeu
| with others of minor importance.
To sum up the whole matter briefly
| Pineville will soon outrival Birmlng-
ham as great manufacturing center,
because
| 1st. There 10 every material pecee-
sary for the cheap manufacture Of an
excellent grade of steei making iron IN
the immediate vicinity, with ne trass-
portation to add to its cost:
I'd. The exquiate climate and beau
| tiful sites for residences, only need 10
/ be known to induce men Of wealth TO
| reside there both summer and winter.
Sd. The pass at Pin-ville will cen
| centrate all the east and west lines OF
| railway and II viii then become . great
railway center. and thIe with the wealth
| of timber and iron IN lts immedist
vicinity in the near future render il .