davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20
A CHILLING FROST.

One or two degrees Of cold makes all the
difference between water and ice, and very
slight diminution OF his income viii trans
form the debt-burdened farmer into bank
rupt one, remarks the Toronto Glooe.
one-third OF our farm crop in 1880 was sur
plus, not usable in this country, which only
manufacturing countries wanted, and which
could enly be sold for their surplus OF nill-ma.
chine products.
The " tariff reform" OF 1883 raised the
taxation on this exchange, and our exports
Of agricultural products fell OF, declining
from $73o, o,394, 943 in 1881 to $500, 0,s4o, ,ose
in 1888.
The intelligent Republican farmers were so
delighted with this great ortatlment OF their
foreign market that they voted for more Of it
in 1888.
The "tarin reform" OF 1890 was not in
tended to furnish an additional market for
another barrel OF flour or another pound OF
pork 1t was intended to cut or those they
already had. 1t was simply the one or two
additional degrees Of frost necessary to drive
100000 American farmers from their land
and into the poorhouses.
The Republican farmers OF Kansas and Ne
braska got what they voted for when the
Mckinley tariff was passed-an increase OF
10 per cent. in the taxes imposed on the ex-
change Of surplus American farm products
for surplus European machine products, an In
crease imposed to protect the machines in
our mills from American farm competition,
through foreign exchange.
The machine-owners havs made deliberate
war for twenty years on the. farm labor of
this country, and 100000 Republican farm
ers have not had brains enough to see it.
They prefer to be buncoed rather than Listen
to honest men.
They deserve the fate that is in store for
them. But the others who must suffer with
them do not.
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20
THE sPAN1sH-AMER1UAN BuNco.

Reciprocity is a bunco. It assumes that We
pay spanish-American countries in gold or
silver when we do not pay In merchandise
that all trade is barter. The report OF tho
Bureau OF Statistics Of the Treasury for 1890
sits down heavily on MIR. Blaine's reciprocity
figures with the following official statements
Of our actual imports and exports.
THE UNITED STATES IN ACCOUNT WITH
Europe. Imports from Erpov4s 10
Merchandise S44e, 9s7, ,266 SosS, 1885, e97
Gold and silver ....... 6,736,722 50, ,225, ,6sI
America.
Merchandss.-......... 23s, ,s74, $50 1s2, ,sBS, ,ob8
Gold and silvsr........ as, 1885, ,S26 6,l55, ,5Te
Page % ond 64-100.
And for twenty years past the statement is
the same. We send more gold and merchan-
disc TO Europe than we receive. We receive
from Spanish-America more gold and ner-
chandise than we send.
Foreign trade is an exchange OF credits
through banks In sealed letters
Europe pays us for S125, 100000 worth OF
our exports OF farm products In Spanish
American bills Of exchange, with which we
pay for our Span1sh-Amertcan imports. Eu-
rope gets these Spantsh-Ameriean bills In
payment for European mill goods, with them
buys our farm products, and we take them to
buy coffee, rubber and other tropical prod
ucta.
Mr.. Blaine wishes to deprive our American
farmers OF these Spanish-American bills. II
our protected mill-owners sepd to Spanish
America their mill goods in payment for cur
imports, and Europe loses this Spanish
American trade, Europe viii not have the
bills to buy our farm products.
Reciprocity simply transfers the payment
for our South American imports from Amer
lean farm labor to American mill labor.
AS abunco-steerer Mr.. Blaine is gigantic
success.
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

1oMBINa wooLs.

The average price paid by our mill-owners
for foreign grease tunwashed) wool Mas 22
cents and mills per pound for foreign
washed wool 35 cents and mills, and the low
est price for secured foreign wool was 40 cents
The American farmer knows what the Ameri-
can milLownsr paid him for his wool. don't,
but am willing to bet he did not get as much
as the mill-owners paid abroad, much less the
added duty. These foreign figures are official
and are Republican-sworn to at the Custom
House, Any doubter can get them by writing
to Washington. They may be undervaluation
does that hurt them7
On page 400 Of this Treasury Report for
1890 the expectation OF 231, ,042 pounds OF
American raw wool, worth S33, ,543, is re-
ported by ports, and on page s2s is given the
amounts sent to different countries. Our
American wool exported averaged ID cents
per pound at the port Of expectation. It sold
abroad at 22 cents, the exporter made cents
pront.
The Republican farmer who swallows the
bunco steer about the protection OF wool
increasing its price naturally lacks suffi-
ctent Intelligence 10 inquire into the price
abroad.
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20
Foreign average Average price
price of all soools at ofaH american
port Of elpoTtation Vools at the

To those with brains to read between
the lines the Home Market Club says:
"Gent le m en- - Protection has
driven down the price of wool in the
United States from 1 to 8 cents
lower than in any other market any
where else In the world. You get
the wool you manufacture from to
8 cents cheaper, and If you would
remove the duties on wool, unless
you pay that to 8 cents moro per
pound you will not be able to get
any wool We have fooled the
American farmer into believing that
you pay him IL cents a pound
more for his grease wool, and SO
cents per pound more for his
secured wool than the foreign mar
ket price, when the foreign price is
nearly that much higher than the
American. We have fooled him com
pleteiys If you take the tariff off
wool, the price of his wool will ad-
vance. Whenever we have re-
duced the tariff on wool the price has
advanced here in this country. You
know this. With this wool bunco
we drive the Republican farmers to
vote for your Protection and the
genuine protection of all other in
dustries. All that we can give the
farmer in payment is this counter
felt protection, granted freely to any
body who wants it. But, gentlemen,
IL you take away the bandage from
the farmers eyes, down will tumble
tho whole Protection wal.'
Every Democrat and every tariff re-
former should send to the Home Market
Club, of Boston, for this pamphlet. If it
cannot be obtained, every Democratic
State Committee should republish it and
scatter it broadcast from one end of the
land to the other. Every Republican
farmer should have q copy put under his
nose, and he should be challenged to
read it and vote again for Protection. y
Turn to the report of the Treasury Bureau
OF Statistics for 1900 During that year we
imported the following clothing and combing
woods, and these were the prices paid abroad
the buyer paying the duty, which in some
cases exceeded the foreign cost:
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

protection. A duty Of s1o per pound
on foreign cotton would not add one dol
lar to the total value Of the whole cotton
crop Of the United States, for the reason
that 100000 cotton planters cannot
combine and hx the selling prics. A duty
of sl0Per pound upon foreign wool would
not add one cent TO the to-
tai value of the whole wool clip
Of the United States for the same reason
that 1.0OO.OO sheep owners of the
United States cannot combine to fix the
selling price for wool. The market price
is determined by the competition of the
American producer. The competition of
10. 900 will bring ths price as low as the
competition of 10000, ,OO0-to the mar
rowest profit above the cost.
A duty protects only under two condi-
tions-hrst, where all in the same business
can combine and fix the selling price;
second, where the domestic production is
SO small that the foreign prices, plus
duty, make the market prices and the
domestic production does not affect ii.
Under any other circumstances q duty
is levied for counterfeit protection only.
and to humbug the man in whose favor
it is said to be put on to buy his vote.
It is this distinction between genuine
and counterfeit protection which the
Republican farmers do not understand.
The Home Market Club sees the dam
ger. Take of the duty on wool and the
Protection bunco becomes apparent. The
farmer will Immediately knock OF the
protection on cloth. He will understand
that he has been swindled all these years;
that the tariff duty on raw wool has been
levied to DECREASE the price of his wool,
and he will have his revenge on the men
who swindled him. Samson may sleep in
Delilah's lap for long time, but when he
is awakened at last he will be very angry.
If he ever gets his strength again, woe to
those men who have fooled him.
And to prevent this revolt by the manu-
facturers in their own interests, what
argument has the Home Market Club to
offer to them2 Hereit is. Let US print
it over again,
1t is mistaken idea with many
manufacturers that foreign prices of
wool are necessarily lower than
homo prices under Protection. They
average higher. They would be
much higher but for a largo and
certain domestic supply. The fol-
lowing table is instructive,
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

IN the past thirty years, but you haven't lcst
sense, and II It is for any other purpose. What
Is that puposei Can you imagine anyf
Ths facts already given and this visU oftns
question are new 70 you. but II there Is any
error in ths argument you can see t. on the
chance that you may be sunncienfly inter-
ested % listen, here are some more facts
worth your consideration;
/. The war which the protected mfll-oWners
began IN 1862 has been increasing In I'M
portance every year. Il win nos end unfn
the farming industry is ruined They cannot
break down your competition except by the
ruin OF all In the business IL is not 1,so7, ,4So
individual farmers who are hurting their
trade. 1t Is 81 per cent. Of what each indi-
vidual farmer OF the whole 1904 raises
which hurts them. II you win stop your ex-
ports, they need no protection, because no
foreign goods can then come into the coun-
try. All they want now Is for each farmer TO
reduce his crop 81 per cent.
2. Between 1850 and 1860 your agricul-
tural exports increased rs per cent yearly
In the twenty-eight years since then they
have increased 3 per cent. yearly. That
shows well for the work OF The mill-owner,
but here is something which SHOWS better
3. Since 1881 they have driven your pp6ts
Of farm products down s2so,0oo,0oo. Here
are the figures:
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

but In this case why should the duty be
taken on sugar II the foreigner pays it7 Why
should the foreign cloth cost us SO much more
In New York than in Liverpool II the foreigner
pays the dutyf On all the really protected pro-
ducts the tax last year ran from SO to 500 DER
cent, and averaged 44115 on the total dutiable,
which included both the duties levied for pro-
lection and revenue. 1t requires, stronger
faith to believe that the foreigner paid back
to the United States 4416 per cent. of all he
received from us for his goods than 1t does to
believe that on the third day the great fish
vomited Jonah out on the dry land. The Re-
publican voter is expected by the Protection
ist editor to have much stronger stomach
than the whale"
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

btimony Is not that Of q Free
II is not that of 9 Democrat or
Amer. 1t is the testimony of a
st of the Protectionists. These
hether correct or incorrect-are
giyen in confidence to tho pro-
llen manufacturers Of New
5 one reason why the present
wool should be maintained;
may get their American
kper than they could get 1t
Q trade, and cheaper than
import their foreign wool
dnty.
will the Republican farm
sst refuse to look such facts
irely in the face and investi-
smselves this subject of the
Do the Republican farmers
s#indled3 Do they wish to
h Have they no manhood ?
tariff reformer, all that any
sks of sny Republican farmer
bthe will for himself lnvesti-
ol swindle. and that, for him
Il will decide the question
sstigation.
ing too much /? Are the Re-
ners of this country so sunk
snperstition that when their
lly proclaim the swIndle by
votes are obtained, they
e to shut their eyes and re-
even to those who ask them
Eestigate for themselves ?
duty on raw wool imported
ted States never added one
otat value OF the wool clip,
The present hour. No farmer
d cne cent more for all the
sold in all his life because of
iuty. Why should hep How
on the foreign product add
he price that he gets2
is of two kinds; genuine and
A tariff duty does not nec-
Dot. A tariff duty may be
scticn; it may be counterfeit
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20
A FRAUD AT EVERY POINT.

The wool bunco is fraud from every point
OF view. Protection Injuries instead OF stimu-
lating production. ]. r. Dodge, the Protec-
ZIONIST statistician of the Agricultural De-
partment, furnishes the following figures OF
our production to show that the tariff legisla-
tion OF 1868 and the increased protection OF
1884 knocked Protection galley west:
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

Bureau Of Labor stAtistics presents some
startling fAets 70 show this
COTTON TGHEIcA
Rrodnetiop IN yes. .... lT6'Sfs.ssI s7I.7B6' Ts4
Number 81 EorEsrs.... 3LlbI 3l,T01
woOLLxx GOODS.
Prodaotiop In yds... &C, ,Oos, 14I 90, 3os. $50
Number Of workers.. 1879 1850
boots AND sHoEs.
Nanssr q Paisa.....-. Si.sIo,ssl so,Te2.see
The constant improvement IN machinery Is
such that an increase OF 500 per cent. per
decade In the production Increases the num-
Der OF machine tenders only 25 per cent,
while merely to increase the production 100
per cent results In a reduction OF the machine
tenders by one-half.
When Nat Lud was ordered 20 set HIS
needles he TOOK hammer and smashed his
loom. The memory OF "the Luddite days"
has almost vanished, but II we IN this genera
tion had the sense that he had, or the back
bone that the Luddites had, we would repeat
them, even though the result should be the
same.
But rerenons nos UovtonS-the sheep
who "vote in Vermont The gift OF Pro-
lection to the Machines against his surplus
farm labor was not enough to satisfy the Re-
publican farmer. He gave It all he had-he
surrendered the Government 70 It. He
spurned all warnings, insulted every man who
asked him TO seriously think OF what he was
doing, and by his approval OF reciprocity
opened wide the gate for machine products to
buy In South America three-fourths the farm
M "a In NI,s.
The Machine now has him by the
throat. His surplus farm labor has gone
BIS other farm labor within nve years
VIII be pttted squarely against the ma
chinery Of the BONANZA farms, and the cheaper
farm products Of our neighbors bought with
our machine mill products. In nifty years he
viii be wage-slaye to the Machine, a wage
slave working with collar around his throat,
In competition with Asiatics, as tie mill ma
chine tenders in this country are low doing.
So VIII we all. The struggle betwt en- labor
and the Machine, outside OF farming, has been
hopeless ever since the Republican farmer sur
rendered his mind and body, and with 1t the
liberty of all the people, to the triumphant
plutocracy.
There is only one way Of salvation left for
the farmer-a short, sharp and bloody one, be-
side which that OF the French Revolution was
child's play. But that way viii never be his.
The Republican farmer "prefers TO be bun
coed" He takes his anger out in talk and
kisses the hand that smites-Protect In
1868 and Reciprocity In 1891.
The American Republic has been destroyed
by the American far mer.
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

II 1t be true, as the Protectionist -
that the foreign seller is as generous
shows him to be, that he is not only
to give away his products but to. +
accept them, Protection certainly
easy way not only to become the richt
tion on earth but to absorb all the riciI
other nations.
1t may be that the foreigner only paysV
duty where the duties DO not quite amor
to the sum that he ereceives, as In items n
the following.
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20
BUNCO THE FARMER
he ONLY OBJECT OF THE TARIFF
on WOOL
hyI the Homo Market Club TO the
KanuiaetuFsE
! HEPs THR PRICE FROM oEB TO NINE
ms1s LOWER THAN ABROAD.

Lsadina ProfsctiSnists of New Eng
d Rsmsaatrats with the wooIIsn
nufactursrs FavorinG Free Wool.
q BrazsnIy Declare That the
rifr Is Merely TO Fosl the Farmer
Free Wool Would Raise the Price
the Domestic Product to the
preian Level,
h year (1s9O we imported wooden
Thich required to make over 600, =
pounds Of grease wool. The total
of raw wool which our manu-
IS had was less than 900, 600, 900
counting both that which was
ted for cloth and that which was
Ded in this country. Our total
Zip has never amounted ito more
,ne-half of that which We imported
Manufactured cloth.
natural that our woollen manufac-
who are barred from importing
raw material by tariff duty of Sc
Aipon the raw material entering into
f a of cloth, should begin to see that
aterests lie in the direction of free
Very many of the New England
n manufacturers are grumbling at
lection which compels thom to go
I the raw material and see the
market supplied by the American
through an exchange with for
Anufacturers. They are asking
Ives why they should not have the
market" for woollen cloth, and
|nnot see any other way Of getting
by removing the tax on their raw
Il.
Home Market Club, Of Boston. the
union of the proteOtq RapQfae-
Of New England, has
Isrt these reoalcitrai da6-
rom the errors of their It
ands thoroughly that the fSf on
u has bought for them the RepLb-
lr1ning vote of this country. It
ands thoroughly that to put wool
rec list is to kill the Republican
ven In Vermont.
issued pamphlet of thirty-two
irscted especially to the wool
pturers Of this country, entitled
ption OF Wool-From the Stand
the Manufacturer. The first
address delivered in February
Hall Rice. and to this is added
lion of experts In regard to the
bn of wool, and the book closes
pg to the manufacturer that the
american wool would advance to
he duty should be removed. 1t
In so many plain words that
at tariff on wool is green-goods
yed upon the American farmer
10 him out Of his vote in
protection. It goes fur
this. It proves to these manu-
by giving them the figures
price Of wool In this country
last ten years has been from
I 60 nine cents per pound
han IL has ever abroad.
the American farmer could
! his wool from one cent to
Its higher In Liverpool or
than he could sell it on his
Here are its words, which are
! large type, as the final argu-
last appeal to the wool manu-
mistaken idea with many
urers that foreign SSpricsH of
pecsssarily lower than home
der. prstsOsion. They average
They would be such higher
large and certain dom eatic
he following table is instruc-
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20
vaIu.


1s99.............. 900, $40, ,096
The protective tariff duties have increased
steadily every year. The tax on your pay
ment when 1t enters into competition with
their mill products Is le1ied specifically, not
by percentage, 30 that It shall increase in
percentage every year. The average, which
In 1881 was 43 per cent, in 1888 was As
per cent. You could not pay this tax and
compete with them. Your farm products
were held here, there was glut In this mar
ket, and you know how your prices here have
dropped without being told.
4. The last Congress raised the tax on
the foreign payment II you approve, that is
your business. Tbs people want cheap food.
8. Your foreign market gives you the only
control of prices you can have here, by pro-
viding two customers, Americans and foreign
ersy competing against each other for your
farm products, making prices high.
9. Once confined to the home market" !"
your own competition with one another VIII
destroy you There were 1897 ,4s5 more on
farms IN 1880 than were required to supply
the ''heme market.s
z. The protected Manufacturer is carrying
the war into your own corn-nelds. Manufac-
Suns % sl'cepiy - sne loieisnel' n"Ilns no
are not protected on anything, except, per-
haps, wool, although you think you are-he is
eollls =. lnliA p-oeu'se oD,o''u ~ loi oAsn
own horle market. II you DO not believe it,
.oOA = e'ao ~ 70 ~ plouoU'
-. AoS' :, Aooo' =. - puD,u A''eA' - he
"O--'.''' o '-'o -'0''
'a1aaa on AMERICAN LABOR rHopuorA
1881 S4so 1esvT saI o1s SsS SO fs,'yssi AZ
1sss.....-.....-...... 800. s4O,OS6 10000, os7
His exports have increased 4s per cent.
Your exports have decreased 81 per cent.
OF thegtotal exports you have lost 10 per
cent. and he has gained 10 per cent.
1t may be that you prefer to believe the
mill-owner when he tells you;
1. That you were never worse OH than In
1s5o-1se0 under the low taxation on
the payment you received for your farm
surplus sold abroad, and when you sold
S&ur surplus to the American people in free
competition with him after that surplus had
been exchanged by you for foreign mill pro-
ducts.
Q. That you are most prosperous when you
can have o market at your farm gate, as every
farmer in New Jersey has had for the last
twenty years--eo his ruin.
8. That tho tax imposed at the custom
House on the foreign manufactures YOU re-
cetye in payrnent or exchange for vour farm
NoA'o - P"s A.AeO ~ eAee AOA 'oNA Lon ~
surplusfs is a0t TO protect him against you, but
to protect him against the foreigner, who does
not cara yvhether vo,,r ya vpoant Ga ~, 60 NOT
taxed Dy your government.
4. That the tariff Is to tax the foreigner,
and wbi1e II uould NOT ta right Tn tax the toy.
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

P%N~~~N~N%@
But it does not represent one-half the raw
wool consumed In the United States-hardly
one-third. Turn to page 730 Of the report
for 1890. To make merely the woollen
clothing and dress goods imported, foreign
mills used 500, ,361 1853 pounds Of foreign Gun
washed) wool--or more than double our own
wool clip. To make all our imported manu-
features Of wool Except carpets) foreignI
mills used over double the total amount og
domestic and imported raw WOOL According
to Mr.. Mckinley, 1t takes ~ pounds Of greaso
wool to make pound Of cloth, and we 10
ported 125,0O0,00O pounds OF wool makll-
features, 112,ooo,oo0 being clothing end
cloth.
Every dollars worth Of our imported
woollen manufactures could have been made,
in the country by our woollen mills, without
adding one dollar to their capital or plant, b1
giving their machine-tenders full-time emf
ployment Turn to page 100, Compendium
Of the Census. The capacity OF our wooIen
mills reduced to grease pounds per year S:
1890 woolen cloth mills ......... 1888, 525, ,A16
e Sorstsa Z a, mills. i$7fS5S85$$
VI AA"" " Jlot to@
Total capacity ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. ss9 435 $40
These only had 250,000,0oo pounds OF
American wool and 29,o00,ooo pounds Of
imported, or 27s,00O,o0o in all. They had
either 60 make good the deficiency OF 61o,-
100000 pounds with shoddy, or shut down.
Over eoe,ooO,ooo pounds Of foreign raw
wool came into this country last year after
its manufacture in foreign mill
Is the American farmer any better OF be-
cause the American manufacturer useAshoddy
tp place OF fleece wool, or because the foreign
wool comes in manufactured instead Sf raw
Do not The foreign manufactured gbods de-
priye him Of q market here for his wo0lf
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20

Last year t1s9o) we imported 21 1887, 1866
pounds OF clothing, 7,662,7Ts pounds OF
combing and s0,s51,25e pounds Of carpet
wool, a total Of 1o9,9o2, ,105 pounds Of raw
wool. To this add 4,4o1, ,094 pounds OF waste
and 5S4,172 pounds Of shoddy.
This is all the raw material our woollen
mills had to manufacture outside OF our own
production OF shoddy.
Democratic Northwest. [volume] (Napoleon, Ohio) 1869-1894, 1891-08-20
THE RECIPROCITY DUNCO.
Over One Million Who Do Not Own
the Land They TIL.
AND FOUR MILLIONS MORE TO JOIN
THEM IN THE NEXT TEN TEARS.

Reciprocity = Bold Bid 20 Furnish the
United States with spAnish-AmericAn
Farm Products in Exchange for Our
Machine Produets-Machinery Con-
troilsd by Capital to Destroy the
Demand for Manual Labor and En-
slave the Poor.