davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call., 1891-01-18
Posted in Advance.

The owner of a boarding stable in the
northern part of the city advertised a horse
Tor sale. Early yesterday morning a man
appeared and asked to see the equine.
See here" said the owner as he squared
off at him, g like to have fair under
standing about things; Now then. is it for
you or some one elSe?"
Some one else"
ing at alp" n''"
ho II know nov syery crook and turn about a
"oh, you do? All right. Wenow uuder-
beast" W" 'iio
In ten minutes a sale had been effected.
and the horse was being led away.
why did you care whether he was green
or posted?" inquired man who had stood
by. ' '''0"
Made great deal of difference to me
replied the late owner. "The horse is spay-
med, ,plgeon-toed and weak in the back.
Had he been an amateur should have felt
bound to tell him."
but he knew all about the horse"
Exactly, and, therefore, knew nothing.
Easiest sale ! ever made to any one."-De-
troit Free Press.
The morning call., 1891-01-18

as we understand it, can exist in such rare
fed air is beyond comprehension. But in
spite Of this, most astronomers think that
Mars is peOpled.
Students of this most interesting planet
are greatly at variance IN their observations
OF the minor markings upon its surface.
Some say that at times they see the canals
doubled. but this peculiar sight. as any I'M
scientific person knows, might be caused
by hasty views through liquefied glasses held
at right angles to the face by the astrOno-
merS several times in succession Just be-
fore they entered their obseryatories.
Sui another startling effect apparently on
the face of Mars could have also been at
tanned in like fashion more prolonged,
when bit of country as large as Texas flew
out OF an observers range of vision, though
at the same time other astronomers, also
studying the planet, saw that section OF land
quite distinctly. If, therefore, the student
witnessing this Scien tific phenomenonwas in
the condition epig dramatically styled
blind, 1t is moral wonder that he saw
the planet at all
But, without indulging in any further
skepticism as to the experiences of these
very worthy knights of the telescope, it
may be said that the doubling of the canals
Is apparently a fact. In the present OPPOSE
ton OF Mars several of these supposed water
ways were seen in duplicate, though the
p'anetS altitude is low and he is by no
means as near TO US as he can be at some
other period OF his revolution around the
sun 1iC 10 uOW dOuuU l0O,btD,OUU miles
away, and he sometimes comes as close as
30, 100000 miles. Ii he was as near to us as
lie can come his apparent diameter would be
about hye times greater to observers than it
IS at present.
A good deal of nonsense has been written
about Mars by fanciful fellows of an as
Economical turn. Calculations as to weights
and measurements, with special regard TO
the supposed inhabitants, have been made,
but with no other definite result than to as
t9und the credulOuS and amuse the scientific.
Inc most Ski!lfu! students of Mars really
know little about him as compared with
their knowledge of the earth, but when he
gradually swings around to a more favorable
observation point in his orbit the big space
penetrating tubes on Mounts Hamilton and
Wilson NAV disclose to US some wonders of
which we have never even dreamed-S. G.
Wilmer in Fittsburg Press
The morning call., 1891-01-18

Martial railroads got out their snow-plows
to clear away the drifts. Nevertheless, the
bodeSt of them say they believe the inhabi-
tants of Mars are trying to let us know of
their existence by arranging in geometric
figures signals composed of brilliant points.
Owing to the fact that water exists in
lesser proportion on Mars than on the earth,
some scientists are inclined to suppose that
this planetary comrade of ours is older than
the world. Some years ago students told us
that the Atlantic Ocean was growing smaller
by some fractions of an inch year after year,
but the fluid in that familiar pool has not
yet diminished to such degree as to make
us fear that we are rapidly approaching the
probable condition of Mars. Their theory.
however, seems reasonable, and 1t is natural
to infer from 1t that we. as n member of the
solar system, are considerably younger than
our ruddv-faced brother, inasmuch as the
earth still consists of three-fourths water
and one-fourth land, while in Mars these
two elements exist in about equal proper
tons.
The redness of Mars has puzzled the
savants a good deal, and no one really feels
sure that he knows what is the cause of it.
The supposition that it is due to the nature
Of the s0ll-which idea originated with Her.
schel-seems most reasonable, but French
man profferS the suggestion that the foliage
may be red. Imagine huge forests whose
trees are all clothed in brilliant crimson,
like some of our woods in autumn! If the
How can human eyes. if there are people in
Mars. bear the color? AT any rate there is
q great deal of redness about the planet,
and whether the color is in the soil, the
grass, the trees or the air. it is always pres
ent, and if mankind exists amid such sur
roHndngs nature has probably supplied the
race with organs of vision adapted to con-
ditions that to US appear extremely trying.
Interesting calculations as to the atmos-
phere of Mars and the amount of heat he
TpppiVpS from thp hava ham .aHo
are by no means satisfying We are about
100000 miles from the sun, and the eccen-
tricity of our orbit is so slight in compari-
son with that Of the first of the superior
planets that it is hardly worth noticing.
Mars orbit is very eccentric. Sometimes
that planet is only 126, 100000 miles from
the source of his light aud heat. but again
he is 152,00O,000 miles away. The density
of his atmosphere is believed to be less than
ours, and if this is SO he may get as much
heat from Old Sol as We do-though the sun
there seems to be only half as large as it
does from the earth-and how human life,
The morning call., 1891-01-18
ONLY ELEVEN HUNDRED,
The Number Of Wives That The Sultan Of
Turkey Has.

There is a pretty general belief in this
world that solomon was the king bee polyga-
mist known to history. Accor ding to
B. b. Valentine, the accomplished lit
terateur, who recently returned from visit
to Turkey, says the Chicago Evening Post,
the Sultan can see Solomon with his 200
wives and 800 concubines to boot and go
him 100 better.
The statement will no doubt prove
startling TO many" Mr.. Valentine remarked
over his breakfast coffee at the Richeleu
this morning, "but | have it from such high
authority as to leave no doubt of its authen-
ITCHY in my mind that the Sultan is the
proud poSSessor of 100 wives OF course,
this number, owing TO deaths, sales, pur-
chases, etc, fluctuates a trifle during the
year, but the balance is above quite as fire.
quently, II not more, than it is below, so
that 1lOO may be said to be a conservative
average.
ut is also fact" Mr.. Valentine con-
tnued. as he put his cup away, lit a cigar
and leaned back in his chair ''it is also a
fact that in the harem of the Sultan there
are considerable number of French and
Etglisn women; as to an American element
can't say. The agents of the Sultan are in
the capitals OF the Continent constantly
looking out Tor recruits to their soyerign's
household. And life in the roval barem is
one which has many temptations for a
women without means, but possessinp a
strong desire for ease and luxury. AS a
member OF the harem she will have slaves
10 walt on her, and, save being denied visits
from the opposite sex, she NAV eniov her
ser pretty much as her fancy dictates
Moreover, once entering the harem does not
necessarily imply that she must a WAYS re-
main member, for should she exnress n
wish to be released it is moro than likely.
particularly so if she is a foreirnpr her
wish will be granted.
1t not infrequentIy happens that the re-
crults sent by the Sultan's officers fail to
satisty the eplcurean taste of his Majesty.
and when such Is the case thew remain until
traded off TO some other harem owner of
less dignity. Sometimes too, the Snltan
gets tired OF wife, or wife gets tired of
nm. Then also trade is effected and She
exchanges places with member OF another
harem. You see, having so MANY wives the
Sultan looks upon them much as fancy
stock raiser would regard his herd of cattle
and disposes of them accordingly. Still. the
Sultan should not be considered cruel To
be sure, he doesn't want scolds in his harem
or women dsagreeable to him, and he trades
them off, to their satisfaction lust as mnch,
probably, as to his. But when they hacnme
sick or old they are not turned airift On
the contrary they are attended to unite as
carefully as you could desire. So that ali
things considered, life in harem does not
seem to be the worst fate after all
The morning call., 1891-01-18

but its progress is more advanced than that
of Transvaal. 1t has exported great guam
titles of wool in the past few years. and is
in high state of cultivation. Its President
is Mr.. Retz, the son OF professor of one of
scended flom French Huguenot family
which took refuge in Africa at the Cape
Colonies after the edict OF Nantes He was
born at Swellendam, in the Cape Colony, is
quite wealthy and is a barrster-at-law, hav-
ing obtained his degree in England He
was elected President Judge of the Supreme
Court at Bl0emfontein in 1874, and was
placed at the head of the Government of the
Free States in 1874 by a unanimous vote.
His present wife is Dutch woman of high
literary distinction. She has founded at
Bl0emfOnteiu a library and club in which
ladies discuss the latest literary productions
of Europe and Americn.
The morning call., 1891-01-18
KOCH'S GREAT DISCOVERY.
To What He Owes the Discovery Of His
Method Of Curing CONSUMPTION.

Though Professor Koch of Berlin cannot
be said TO have discovered his method OF
curing consumption through chance. as
some say was the case with Jenner's inveu-
ton Of vaccination for smallpox, it is still
interesting to notice how much he was in.
deoted TO good fortune IN the beginning of
his Investigations DR.. Emmerich of Mu-
Mich Is the authority for the following anec-
dote:
Professor Koch noticed once that when a
piece OF cooked potato is exposed to the air
Tor couPle of hours and then placed in q
damp atmosphere under a glass coyer-to
prevent dryIng-after several days a NUMBER
of infnitesimai round white specks or drops
Will appear on 1t, each one apparently differ
ing from the other. Microscopic inyestfga-
ton shows that every one of these speckS
consists of particular species of micro
organisms, which arise from seeds that have
fallen on the potato from the air and have
here found favorable ground for further
generation.
Each seed by itself multiples on the par
ticular spot of the hard potato substance on
which 1t has happened to drop, without hav-
ing the means of combining with Others
Thus there can be nothing like interbreed-
ing and, therefore, pure cells, that is, each
consisting OF number of identical bacteria
belonging to one isolated genus must arise
slde by side Very properly Professor Koch
considered this remarkable phenomenon.
For if in place of the potato the surface of
some nutritious fluid were exposed to the
air, doubtless seeds for future organisms
would also drop on it.
But in fluid the movable bacteria would
minge together, and at the same time also
set the original immovable ones into mo-
ton, so that an Infinite variety of breeds, a
chaos Of mixed forms and species would
ensie, but nowhere any pure and specific
bacteria cells. What then, asked he. is the
radical difference between the fruitful soil
which the potato offers for such organisms
and that of the nutritious fluid? None.
surely, but that one is solid and thus him
ders any commingling of genera, while on
the other hand there can be no question of
their lasting separation in a substratum of
no greater density than that of fluids.
Professor Koch understood how to apply
the lesson he had learned from these re-
suits to his further experiments in breeding
pure bacteria cells in hard and transparent
substances, which ultimately led TO the
brilliant successes he has achieved now an d
before this. In addition to this he has known
enough to apply all modern improvements
In apparatus, instruments and the methods
OF using them, as well as the advance made
in the use OF microscopic aud lighting pro-
cesses to his special branch of bacteriolOgic
investigation. BY this alone he has sue
ceeded in making for himself a name in
medicine. Now, If IL prove true that he has
discovered safe and rational remedy
against tuberculosis and incipient consump-
ton, he has made himself an immortal name
i'll history.-N. Y. Times.
The morning call., 1891-01-18
THE ORANGE REPUBLIC.
Its President Opens a New Railroad TO the
S0abOard

There has just been completed in South
ern Africa a railroad of about 100 miles in
length, starting from COlesberg in the col
ony of the Cape of Good Hope, entering the
Free State of Orange at NorvaPs Bridge
and thence to its terminus at the capital of
that country, Bloemfontein, says the New
York World.
The VrijStaat Free State is one of the
three republics which the Beers, who emf
grated from the Dutch colony of the Cape
In 1888, founded. In 1S4S the land was re-
united to the British possessions, of which
formerly it was part under the name of the
Orange Sovereignty. There was a sharply
fought civil war at that time over the pos
session of this territory. -Four years after
ward the English Government, despairing
of ever Teconciling the inhabitants Of
Orange. abandoned its conquest, and on
the 23d of February, 1852, gave to the
The morning call., 1891-01-18

board, skirtng Serai Point and continuing
along the shore of the Sea of Marmora. Fol
lowing tis line, the first gate of Importance
reached is the Kun Kapou-kum being
Turkish for sand, aud eilapou for gate. BY
this time the way has LETT the rocky coast
and come upon a long stretch of beach. A
little harbor runs out opposite Kun kapou.
and beyond il are the ruins of mole. The
sand procured here is largely used for
building material.
The sea-wall was later continued, and
when the city increased both in size and
Importance it was at the point where the
sand gate now stands that Justinian built
his palace; but a few ruins are all that re-
main to attest its former magnificence The
high bastion TO the right, in the illustration,
was no doubt part of the construction. The
site is covered by mean though picturesque
houses. built partly with and partly upon
the old ruins. a curious medley OF mate
rial was used in their hasty construction. In
The morning call., 1891-01-18
REMARKABLE MEMORIES.
Curious Examples of What This Faculty
of Man Hntn Accumulated

Curious Examples of What This Faculty
of Man Hath Accomplished.
There was a COrsican boy who could re-
hearSe 10000 words, whether sense or non
sense, as they were dictated, and then repeat
them in the reversed order without making
single mistake. A physician, about sixty
years ago, could repeat the whole of Para
disc Lost" without making mistake, al
though he had not read it for tN enty years.
Euler, the great mathematician, when he be-
came blind, could repeat the whole of Vir-
gus "Hneid," and could remember the first
ilne and last line of every page of the par
tcular edition which he had been accustomed
to read before he became blind,
One Kind OF retentive memory may be
considered as the result of sheer work q de-
termination toward one particular achieve
ment without reference either to cultva-
llon or TO memory on other subjects. This
is frequently shown by persons in humble
lie in regard to the Bible. An old beggar-
man at Stirling, known as Blind Alick."
Afforded an instance of this. He knew the
whole of the Bible by heart, insGmuch that
II sentence was read 10 him he could name
the book, chapter and verse; or II the book,
chapter and verse were named he could give
the exact words.
A gentleman, to test him, repeated a
verse purposely making one verbal in
accuracy. Alick hesitated, named the plaee
where the passage was to be found. Int Mt
the same time pointed out the verbal error.
The same gentleman asked him to repeat
the ninetieth verse of the SEVENTEEN chapter
OF the Book of Numbers. Alick almost in
stantly replied, There is no such verse.
That chapter has only eighty-nine verses
Gassendi had acquired by heart 6OOO Latin
verses, and in order to give his memory exer-
else he was IN the habit OF reciting 600 verses
from different languages. Chicago Herald
Two women living near New MartinsyilIe.
W. Va.,recently fought duel with butcher.
KNIVES. one woman was fatally wounded
and the other seriously ininred
The morning call., 1891-01-18
NOT AN IDLE GIRL.
Counter Maiden Gives a Very Good Ac
count of Herself

Counter Maiden Gives Very Good Ac-
count of Herself
A gentle and warm-hearted old lady was
making some purchases in one OF the big
dry goods empoliums on Twenty-third
street, and was attracted by the graces of
manner and physique displayed by the
young woman who waited on her She
questioned her about her life and habits
aud the young girl, recognizing the honesty
Of the OLD creatures interest, smilingly re-
piled To her queries:
How much DO you make in this store?"
asked the old lady.
Eight dollars week, ma'am," she re-
piled.
And can you live comfortably on that?"
We'll, you see, / make considerable out
side"
HOWE"
" Rave a typewriter at home and 1 get
from s. to 50 week for copying. Then |
dress ady'S hair when she gees to large
dance. She's one of the -Four Hundred, and
one day she was trading with me at this
counter and she liked the way my hair was
arranged. You see | have a yefy great
quantity of hair and so has she, and as She
thought | managed mine so we'll and got il
TO look so smooth she asked me il | would
| teach her how to do 1t. | offered to do it for
| her ana did so at her house Since then
=, she has sent for me quite regularly and at
each VISIT make her l receive So. | also
| make gentlemen's scarfs for downtown
manufacturers aud get 81 10 a dozen for
them. can finish dozen in two evenings
at home. usually employ myself in this
way when l have no type-wrting to do.
| Altogether | make from SIS TO $50 a week
and as have sister that makes Just as
much she and mamma and | are really lay
ing up nest-egg for a rainy day"
| Yes, said the old lady; but where do
you get any pastime during all this?"
oh, responded the shop-girl; II don't
| need any pastime, except Sundays, when we
all 20 down to Staten Island and take din
| ner with mammals sister"
| The old LADY patted the shop-grl's hand
| fondly and smiled
81 shall see you again You deserve good
and rich husband. And who knows: per-
| haps you'll get one. Well see, we'll see.''-
| n. Y. Sun.
The morning call., 1891-01-18

is the Greek Cemetery. The wall here takes
sudden curve outward and is carried up to
a much greater height, the fortifying towers
being more frequent. while the ground de-
scendS rapidly and the landscape becomes
very picturesque.
The site Of the Church of St Nicholas
and st Augustine of Canterbury is soon
reached, dating TO the twelfth century. and
interesting to Englishmen both from its
name and from its associations. Here the
Waring Guard, whose special province was
to keep watch and to defend the Egri
Aapousi, had their quarters. They were
bands of daredevil warriors. known to be
foremost in loot as well as in fray, and re-
puted to be largely composed of discon-
tented fugitives from England. Beyond the
walls, almost up to the inlet of the Golden
Horn, the cemetery that skirts the town is
continued, and in it funerals may be seen
all through the day; the professions headed
by blind beggars who chant il sing-song
The morning call., 1891-01-18

some places the earth has sited up. in
a whole street skirts the walls and obliter-
ates the view of it from the port. but lust
where the Collie Horn ends they reappear,
ard turning inland to the left aud then
TT k'rg south. form the boundary of the
city on the land side Across the Golden
Horn is the town Of Galata, very old, rather
poyerty-stricken, but rich in mural remains,
and beyond Galata the suburb of Pera. This
is more modern, being a quarter chiefly
patronized by the European population
Strictly speaking, COnstantinople includes
these adjoining towns.
The morning call., 1891-01-18

tails of pure Byzantium type. Even in
IuStinan's time so abundant were these
marbles that broken drafts were placed in
the wall, they showing to-day.
The sea-wall of Constantinople ends at
Yedi Kouli lthe Seven Towers. Here was
the famous Golden Gate" by which vie
tOri1us Generals entered the city. Con-
stantine is said to have spent e., 800 600 on
this part Of the town. but only few relies
remain. As for the Golden Gate" tie
guides point out where it existed, and this
is about all there Is to it. Turning inland.
Just past this Gate OF the Seven Towers, the
whole character of the wall changes. 1t has
now lost the defense of the sea, and is ac-
The morning call., 1891-01-18

and blocks Of common stone, while Roman
bricks lie on top of the Sunburnt clay of a
ruder although a later period
Beyond the baStion modern wooden houses
crowded together overhanG the sea and
seem to cap the walls. Turks and the
Armenians value a sea view. but the Greeks
invariably prefer to look inland. The high
wall with the recessed arches is no doubt
part of JuStinian's old palace. In the fore
ground, with the figure, the ruins show the
marble debris so constantly met with in this
district, where fragments of Corinthisn
frieze are found side by side with the capt.
The morning call., 1891-01-18

The early Constantinople was built on
tongue Il land washed on the south by the
Sea Of Marmora and on the north by the
waite Of the Golden Horn. Ii was founded
by Emperor Constantine in the fourth CEN
tury. Tie site had been occupied earlier
by the city of Byzantium, allied with the
history Of Philip of Macedon. Even that
old place was famous for its walls A first
century historian says they were built of
massive square stones clamped together
with iron bolts, all fitting so well that thew
appeared as one solid block. The grounds
most of the old Byzantium site, and il ia
The morning call., 1891-01-18

contributor to the columns of the St. Louis
Giobe-D Democrat, the taper minaretS, some pale
stOne-color. some of white marble, but all
light and delicate in their structure; and in
the foreground, stretching along the whole
frontage TO the Sea of Marunora, the gray
walls still protect the old city. very massive
but in some parts UinOus. The monotony
of them Is broken here and there by square
lowered basti0ns, some still formidable with
their crenelated parapets, aud some hope
lrsSly mutilated.
These wall, extend along the coast east
ward 10 Serai Point, where the incoming
vessels round into the Golden Horn, when
ttey gradually become less prominent. In
The morning call., 1891-01-18

cordingly built much stronger in double
line, FASHIONED and lowered, and supported
by third line of wall-not indeed so strong
but itself amply protected by a fosse some
30 feet across and about 20 feet deep. This
is now titled. and the city is largely sup
piled with cabbages grown under the shadow
of the walls. Beyond this ditch are ranged
the great cemeteries Of StamDoul, which
stretch in a continuous belt all the way
from Iedi KOuli by the sea to Eyoub on the
Golden Horn, a distance of five miles. The
graves are entirely those of the Turkish
population, and the cypress trees with
which the cemeteries are planted attain a
The morning call., 1891-01-18

the town, Top Kapousi. or the Cannon
s1ate, where they remain in an almost per-
iect state of preservation. The towers
along the inner wall are very frequent; origi-
. ualy there were 200 OF them at intervals on
Horn, and Of these about two-thirds are now
standing. Still following this northern line
next comes the Crooked Gate-Egri Kapousi
by when Justinan made his triumpbaI
entry into the town, and opposite to which
The morning call., 1891-01-18

Fashion is sometimes a friendly dame.
The Countess Taafe, rich aud powerful
social leader in Vienna, has set the mode of
wearing many carved mo:her-of-pea hair
pms and other ornaments to profit the needy
fishermen. Archduchess Valera. daughter
Of the Emperor. has made silver ornaments
and furnishings fashionable for the sake of
the silver workers.