davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
HOW THE EAR Is MADE.
A Wonderful Apparatus and Why 1t Cannot
Be Dissected.

Be Dissected.
"The human ear" said a scientist to a STAR
reporter, sis an organ the true lnwardness of
which the physicians have never been able to
get at. They can examine the interior of the
eye with ease by throwing into its dark cham
Der ray of light reflected from little mirror,
and Of late they have found it possible even to
see the gray matter Of the brain by looking
through the little canal by which the optic
nerve enters The cavity behind the nose
they inspect with the aid of light placed far
back in the mouth. They have no difficulty in
seeing into the stomach by an electric appa-
rstus; the intestines likewise are readily enough
investigated and the bladder also. But the
ear, as to its internal arrangements.
possible to dissect it satisfactorily
after death, for the reason that the parts col
lapse at once when the vital spark leaves the
body. The drum in living person bars the
pierced, the winding passages beyond cannot
BIO seen through. On the other side of the
drum are the three little bones--the mallet the
anvil and the stirrup-which act upon each
other a. levers. The drum acts as q sort of
buffer, and the mallet, Immediately in contact
with it, conveys the sound waves through the
anvil and the stirrup to the 'cochlea,' a spiral
shell-shaped chamber just behind and above
the external opening Of the ear This shell is
composed Of filaments Of the auditory nerve
coiled spirally and each one erect and waving
tremulously In response to the slightest waves
Of sound. They carry the sound impressions
directly to the brain, and so delicate is their
sensitiveness that the hearer perceiyes not
only the degree Of loudness, but even the
finest quality Of q sound, the harmony
Of tones, and the distance from which
it comes The moment that life
becomes extinct, however, the spiral shell of
nerves collapses and the marvellous organ is q
dead thing unsatisfactory to the investigating
| anatomist. If only it had been found possible
to examine the internal structure Of the living
| ear aurai surgery might perhaps amount to
something today. The science Of treating the
eye was born when Helmholtz invented the
simple instrument called the ophthalmoscope
for inspecting its interior. There are plenty of
ear doctors, and people pay big prices for
being treated by them for deafness. but did
you ever know Of q case where the patient was
| really much benefited by anything he could
do? have known dozens of deaf persons who
have persistently sought relief at the hands of
aural specialists, but not one Of them has been
cured or materially helped, simply because
science has achieved hardly anything in that
branch of knowledge"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
ATHLETICS BY ARBITRATION.
University Boat Race on Scientific, Metal
and Friendly Principles.

From Punch.
The crews were met together on the day he'd
for the event in the council room Of the com
bined universities barge moored at PutDey.
Fifteen of the athletes wore the usual training
mutt, which contrasted strongly with the garb
of the Sixteenth complete suit of fianntls.
TO quote our ancestors, Why this thAs-
ness?' " asked the Camford stroke a. he
apparel.
''why notg' replied the other; surely ne
are not going 70 pull in tseeds."
I'VE are not goingN pull at ALL" ekpiaii I'd
the leader CT the OXbridge Eight, curteous,y.
Il think we can manage the matter in a msrs
satisfactory fashion. Ii was all very well in he
nineties TO race in real earnest, but now nat
we have reached the twentieth century sar
civilization teaches something better"
Certainly returned the Camford stroie
land ! think we had better get at once 20 busi-
ness. Who has the sworn information Of cur
respective coaches
Il have" replied the honorable solicitor 10
the rival boating clubs; and If you will slh,w
me will produce them-or rather IT, for tAs
coaches have affirmed jointly"
All present bowling acquiescence, the man Of
law, putting on his spectacles and openinb q
brief bag, produced a document and read:
lit is our opinion that OXbridge. as tue
". u.
which is only lessened and certainly not on
tirely removed, by the better training OF the
latter. Moreover, the steering OF the Oxbrfsi,ys
coxswain is infinitely preferable to the steer AZ
Of his rival. The times Of the various trf "a,
too, have in every instance given a distinct ID
vantage to 0xbridge. Again, they have tot
ter boat. So, given fine weather, the resuls ID
q foregone conclusion. Oxbridge must asn,
although no doubt Camtord would maky q
good fight for 1t and come in q Respectable
second"
81 suppose we may add, barring accidents'
suggested the Camford stroke, with rathes q
forced laugh.
''sirr exclaimed the honorable solicisor.
with some severity. SIN a company of genpe-
men like those present accidents always ere
barred"
quite So" admitted the Camford champssn,
land L suppose our committee Of the LATEST
Senior Wrangler and the youngest Double lsst
have considered what l may call the atrfsos-
pheric conditions under which the race would
have taken place! -
Yes, SIR, We have and those conditions ere
all unfayorable TO the success Of CaInfort,"
was the ready reply.
Then L think We have but one more tfsns
TO do-to give three hearty cheers sor
our opponents" said the 0xbridge stroke, aud
u minute later the rafters rang with loudSp-
plause.
But why shouldn't we have rowed il orI2"
asked the gentleman in hRnnels-he wac .
FreshmAn--A little later. surely that would
have been more satisfactory"
Not AT all, Was the reply. The plar Ia
merely a Survival OF the fttest !" and his answer
afforded general satisfaction.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04


The last illustration sets forth the flannel
dress-one Of the most healthful and service
able for little folks and easily made extremely
tasteful if n proper amount of thought be given
It. Two favorite colors are white and light
blue. For little girl of from five to eight a
flannel dress pretty generally looks we'll when
made up blouse style with very large sailor
collar, square at the back and coming to the
point In front and fastened with large bow OF
ribbon with long ends. Meteorological but
tons in 'front.' sleeves large with cuffs daintily
stitched and several rows Of stitching around
bottom of skirt. An altogether lovely little
flannel dress may be made up in this wise: A
light blue material cut princess style with a
velvet yoke and collar. The waist must be
frllled and attached to the yoke and the dress
must be belted in at the waist. The sleeves
must be full and high at the shoulders. Still
another very pretty little gown for a child of
ten may be made Of dark green cheviot with
velvet revers opening on a front Of cream-col-
ored cloth embroidered in the same color.
Straight cloth collar, deep cuffs Of cream-col-
ored cloth embroidered to match the front
AN EAR PROTECTOR.
I'll bring this talk about chiidren's attire to
a close by telling you of rather strange con-
trivance I saw the other day. mention it
rather to point the moral of parents duty to
her children than as anything of real value.
for OF that have serious doubts. 1t is no more
or less than a sort Of open-work cap to prevent
childs ears from growing away from the
head and thus marring the beauty Of the head
No doubt the ears of many children are made
to grow abnormally away from the head by the
pressure In that direction which the ear often
receives when the child is asleep and it is barely
possible that this continuance would tend to
obviate this but on the other hand. it seems
to me that such continuance would cause
child not little discomfort, for a while. any
IL he oh
mothers watchfuiness rather than helmet il
better qualified to correct
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
Babies Going Up I'm the world.

In many parts Of Germany, France and Hpl-
land, ~ well as in some places i'm the British
Isles, tits considered very important that an 10
FAINT should go mp" before 10 goes down in ,he
world. Thus, IL . child is born in the hover
story Of house il ID Instantly bundled mp By
one of the old women and carried upstairSs q
the event occurs in the upper story The sAs
old woman Is expected % take the child I'm ksr
arms and chamber upon the top Of the sssls,
chest OF dravers, or even Q chair--AuythszS
70 gst ths little ons up In the world.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04

From the LONDON Truth.
A man Of very sanguine temperament, nd
Beauchamp, was always planning some project
for the future. A characteristic anecdotS u
told Of him. week or two before his dealt DE
was in the gardens at Madresfeld, and he assed
mis- gardener how long o handsome avenue Of
picea would last. Fifty years" was the reysy.
Then we must have something ready 20 & he
fifty young oaks to bs prepared for plant, g.
He devised a little cereLvSy for the occasisn,
and il took place exactly week before he did.
lie planted one tree himself, the coune.ss
planted another, and all the children present
planted trees Spaces were also left for she
three children who were absent TO complete bha
ceremony when they came home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
Curious Natural Fuunels.
From the Denver News.

ErOm Tue D0uNeE News.
The mountain canyons play curious pranks
with the weather of towns situated At their
entrance. In Boulder one day the sky was
bright, the sun was shining serenely and the
air was absolutely without motion. 1t was q
perfect morning. About 10 o'clock strange
roar could be heard afar off in the mountains.
For half and hour it grew louder and louder,
but not q breath Of air stirred the dust on the
streets Of the town. Then there came
rush Of wind that almost took
men of their feet. For an hour dust.
sticks and scraps Of paper were hurled with
binding force. Locomotion was nearly inn
possible. Then the wind lessened, the at
mosphere cleared, and in a few moments the
day was rs placid as though the great noun
tains had given no Manifestation Of their mys-
terious forces.
The canyons act a. tunnels. They gather
the wind in the big end. as 1t were, and shoot
1t out through the little end with its power
multiplied dozen times. It'sa startling freak
until yen are used 70 Il
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04

The fourth illustration represents the small
sized but substantial household fairy as she
appears when ready for bed. Her golden hair
has been carefully combed and braided and she
has been attired in her soft flannel night robe.
Mothers make great mistake in having their
children sleep under too heavy a weight of bed
clothing This practice, reprehensibie even in
the case Of adults, is particularly harmful to
young children, who should never be ham
pered In their inclinations to thrash about
when asleep.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04

From the Kennebec Journal.
One Of the clergy Of the Christian Endeavof
convention in Portland had this 10 relate in
illustration about the small boy ct his home
aged i've years aud six months-who had been
out shoveling snow:
did It make your back ache, my sonf'
moo" responded the small boy, In The most
approved base ball tone.
'"Did you ever have the back sche?' con-
tnued the fond parent
mo, but I've had the front ache"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
DISEASE FOLK LORE,
Curious Medicinal Superstitions, An
Gent and Modern.
FUNNY CURES FOR PAINS

Surprising Remedies In the Old Wives Phar-
macop0ia-Beliefs Held Even to This Day in
miraculous Remedies-The Contents Of the
Witches Csuldron Only Suggestion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
Written for The Evening Star.

n THE EARLY DAYS,
before mankind had ar
rived at . perception Of
the causes of disease,
all ailments, OF Whatever
description. were be-
lieved to be occa-
stoned by supernatural
agencies. For such af-
fiictions evil spirits were
held to be chiefly re-
sponsible. In Ceylon the
great demon Of disease
is associated with . Pc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
Written for The Evening Star.


and how the children have changed with them
My little Lady Fonntlereine would be much
offended il her nurse should hold up q plain
white muslin dress and ask her to put it on for
q ramble in the park or a promenade on the
hotel veranda- Nurse" she would say. with
. naughty toss of her little head, that's too
old-fashioned. Ill wear dull ivory white In
soft silk, but dead white like that is too harsh
for my complexion" And the little lady would
not be far from right Dead whites are, as a
rule, not natures whites. Snow has blue
tinge and the rose and the lily are not The dead
china white Of the artists tube. White Is quite
% appropriate for q mourning garb ss black
PREVAILING FASHIONS FOB CHILDREN.
But j, for one, rejoice at the prevailing fash
ions in children's attire. Soft fannels, fine
cloths, thin silks. delicate swanskins, feecy
gsuzes. airy chiffons and cobwebby lsces in
delicate tones, qualified to accentuate the
velvety softness and exquisite dneness of the
skin-these are the proper materials for little
queens Of the household, to say nothing of
velvets. veloutines, pushes and corduroys for
outdoor costumes.
The Initial illustration pictures a dainty miss
OF about twelve summers in coutemplative
mood She is clad in plain, soft silk OF a deli
cate hue, having no other garniture than
bertha of the same material made up Of two
volsnts, stockings and slippers in strict har-
mony. This transforms the little lady into a
perfect symphony of pink, or if she have soft,
olive skin. into an arrangement Of yellow far
fairer than bunch Of daffadondillies. However,
dull red would go equally well with her olive
complexion, and then black silk stockings would
make one Of those harmonious discords of
which musicians are so fond.
JUST As BIO FOLK DO.
The second illustration shows quite
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
FOR THE LITTLE ONES.
Some of the Latest Designs fol
Children's Costumes.
DOING AS BIG FOLKS DO
Dances for Children-Accentuating the Long
waist-For q Lad OF Seven Years-The
Household Fairy nj Bedtime-The Service
able Everyday Flannel Dress-Bed Clothes.
rCopyrighted.

OETS TELL Us THAT
heaven lies about US in
our childhood. This,
however, was once upon
a time when little girls
wore plain white muslin
frocks with pink sashes.
Then in reality they
did look so sweet, so
artless, so genuinely
angelic that the afore-
said poets are quite
justified in imagining
them to be wingless an
gels and in asserting that
heaven must be where
they were. But. alas,
how times have changed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04

illustration are set forth two very charming
costumes for little girls from four tO eight.
The one on the left is a combination o. cloth
and velvet-namely, light blue reseda cloth
with black or dark blue velvet The corsage
must pass under the skirt and be fastened with
hooks and eyes at the back Front and back
there is an insertion Of yelve. upon which the
scalloped cloth is caught The lower portion
OF the eorsage is gathered The sleeves are
trimmed with steel buttons. At the bottom of
the skirt there is the scalloped effect laiG,
upon . border Of velvet The skirt il lined
with satin There is a large ceinture Of velvet
with bow at the back.
TIE COSTUME on THE RraHr
10 eobelin blue cloth. the trimming being an
open-work passementerie made I'D Of little
rings, under which are placed strips Of velvet
This pas.ementerie trimming is applied as an
insertion both for bordering and for brace and
gorget ornaments At the back there is the
same application Of the galioon.
FOR A BOT OF SEVEN.
At children's party few evenings ago /
saw what struck me as being a very picturesque
eostume for q boy OF seven. II was made up in
kiege cloth, the knickerbockers having four
buttons at the side and three rows Of narrow
galloon- The jacket was finished with a velvet
plsstron framed by broad revers, trimmed with
four rows of the gailoon set close together.
scarf Of the same material ornamented with the
galloon and tassels and tied in a large bow in
front Just above the waist there were four
rows OF the galloon, commencing rather high
at the back and running down to the waist line
In 'front.' With this pretty suit the little lad
wore broad turn-down collar and made silk
tie, Low shoes and heavily ribbed stockings. I
also saw very stylish jacket for q little boy.
made Of dark gray cloth. set off by cuffs and
sailor collar in light gray silk The front Of
the jacket had two bands OF the silk extending
the full length and there was plastroa of the
cloth ornamsnted with an anchor embroidered
In gold
MAID IN WHITE FLANNEL
At the same party there was = charming little
dx-year-oli mnid in white flannel. The waist
had q gathered yoke front and back. The
braces, straight collar, cuffs and the bottom Of
the skirt we're decorated with la-ge pastiiie.
smbroidsrsd in siik. The csinturs closed b.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04

different phase Of child hfe-the first in
clinatiOn to do as big folks do. There does
seem to be something homogeneous in the idea
Of children having the same dances as grown
folk. Once upon a time this wasn't SO, and i.
for one. would. in this instance anyway. like to
go back TO those good old times when children
danced fiDgs and jigs and hornpipe dances
which called for 8 display of that delightful
supDleness. that fexibility and quickness of
motion, which belong to childhood.
Ihe two dancers pictured in the second Illus
tration are very modern, the boy being in white
flannel sailor suit. stockings and shirt to match.
aud his very MISUNDERSTANDING partner wear
ing figured silk trimmed with fur and set off
b. broad sash in harmony with the ground of
the SILK slippers and stockings in same tone.
CHILDREN SHOULD BE Loys-wAIsrEo.
II should be borne in mind that it is quite as
necessary nowadays that children should be
long-waisted as grown folks, and hence snowy
little gowns intended for dancing parties or
evening fetes should be cut with view to ac-
Oeptuate q long slender figure. In the third
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04

The Thirsty Tramps' Successful Expsdisst.
From Judp>
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04
GILLIAN WAR NEWS.
Rebels Have Possession of All the
Main Ports at Present.
THE ATTITUDE OF THE ARMY.
Uncertain which Way the Omcers WIN Lean
Dinaeulty in Obtaining Reliable News-In-
teresting Description Of San Pedro de TAcna,
aTypicnl Town of Chilli.
From The Stars Travelling COMMISSIONS.


SAN PEDao DE TAcNA, CHILL, 1891.
no REACH THIS PLACE ONE MUST CONF
Il to africa, Chili's northernmost port, which
is distant from Valparaiso ia marine miles
Tacns lies forty miles due westward from thu
Sea, at the edge Of q fertile valley, and is con
neeted with africa by railway. The cars star
near the steamboat landing and while waiting
for the Tacna train one may see about all there
il Of interest in africa.
Not FAR from the csnnon-mounted ''Morro"-
the giant bluff described in a previous letter
one observes some tall masts and spars sticking
up in the sands of the desert. They, with SONS
broken machinery, are all that remain Of thu
Inflated Watcree, a United States steamship
which happened to be anchored in the harbol
during the great earthquake and tidal wave o.
1868, when she was carried inland nearly half 8
mile aud left high and dry by the rsceding bill
lows.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-04

Colors have been considered to possess many
virtues in medicinal practice. Red flowers
used to be given for disorders Of the blood and
yellow blossoms for jaundice, while scarlet bed
coverings were wrapped around smallpox
patients to bring the pustules out. In Japan
formerly the children Of the royal house, when
where bed and walls were alike covered with
red. and all who approached were clothed in
scarlet. One reason why usefulness in sickness
has been so generally attributed to red is
because that color is obnoxious to evil spirits.
Red pills used to be given in China, where also
the ghosts Of suicides are distinguished
by wearing red silk handkerchiefs. Il
used to be thought that the demon
OF jaundice, when exercised, was con-
signed to yellow parrots and Inflammation to
scarlet weeds. In some parts Of England .
times with one hair from the tail of 4 black cat
The blood from black cats tail is also good
for shingles. People in the County Of wicklow
believe that IL the points of three smoothing
irons are pointed three times In the name Of the
Trinity at q painful tooth the pain will vanish.
A doctors first patient il always cured, and II .
person who sees an epileptic fit for the FIRST
time draws blood from the victims little finger
the latter win be restored to health. The
famous Sir Kenelm Digby recommends as .
cure for warts the washing Of the hands With
remedy for warts IL to rub them with the tail Of
q tortoise shell tom cat in May. The head Of Q
mad dog pounded and mixed with wine IL re-
puted to cure jaundice.
olioiS OF TIE HAlRLIP.
In Ireland tits believed that II . woman with
child ssss bare the iniant y l1ks,o W b bess
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1891-01-17

Ii Turner wrote that letter, Nc
Grath is equally guilty. 1t is self
evident that such a letter would not
be written to a stranger or without
strong reasons for believing that it
would meet with a kind reception.
The charitable view to take is that
Turner never wrote it. McGrath
has been exon:rated by the alliance
which is equivalent to the alliance
saying that the letter was forgery.
What we mean to emphasize is that
Turner and McGrath must either
stand or fall together.
Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1891-01-17
MO. PACIFIC TIME TABLE.
The Legislature.

The organization Of the house
shows that the alliance has every
thing its own way and the republi-
cans fall into line and make it
unanimous. P. P. Elder of Franklin
county was elected speaker without
any opposition. Ben. c. Rich of
Trego county, our Ben, was elected
to the Office of chief clerk without
any opposition and S. w. Chase, was
elected sergeant at arms. The minor
Offices were also filled without OPP
position. The alliance had held
a secret session and had agreed up
on everything and the proceedings
In the house were a mere formality.
The senate organized by the election
of A. G. Stacey, secretary and Late
G. Smith, sergeant at arms. But
little business of Importance will be
transacted this week, in either house.
The alliances will not make move
without first holding caucus and
every member, almost, is under the
surveillance of a guard; that is he is
watched by other members of the al
lance. Itlooks now as though the
republicans were not in it at all.