Los Angeles herald., 1891-12-30

voir of sufficient elevation to oyercom
the high altitude of the ground.
1t is thought impracticable to rails
the entire amount of water required 70
the district to such an elevation tina
every part of the district could b.
reached, for some OF the hills have al
altitude of over 800 feet above sea, o
more than 400 feet above reservoir
No. 7.
To raise even moderately large body
of water to such height is extremely
expensive. 1t is therefore assumed tina
the water for the district is pumped
only to an elevation of 900 feet above
the sea. A reservoir at this elevation
will cover about 5000 out of the 5000
acres, leaving unwatered only about Coz
acres of Elysian park, and about 40t
acres near the northeast corner of the
city.
The small amount of water required
for this territory may be furnished by q
separate and inexpensive pumping
plant from the high level reservoirs.
The 5000, 900 gallons required west ol
the river in this district will have to be
pumped directly from reservoir No.
into a reservoir 200 feet higher, from
where gravity system will furnish the
supply.
The hydraulic head obtained in this
district will be from 30 to 250 feet, or an
available pressure in the mains from
about 20 pounds to 80 pounds per square
inch, which will furnish ample fire
pressure in all parts.
The 5,000,000 gallons of water required
for the high-level districts lying east of
the river, will be taken out of the main
supply conduit leading to reservoir No
before it reaches the latter, perhaps at
or near the point where zanja 9-E now
receives its supply from the main sup
ply ditch. This supply can be led to a
convenient point on Downey avenue,
near reservoir No. 5, to an elevation OF
400 feet above sea, into small receiving
reservoir or well from where it
will have to be pumped up
to the required elevation of 900
feet above sea. From here, that part of
the high level district lying east of the
river, will be supplied by gravity sys-
tenn. The extreme difference of level
between this last reservoir and the low
est part of the district, about along
Louisiana avenue at Boyle Heights, will
be 300 feet, giving an extreme available
pIcrsuIc III Jb6 IudluS VI dUUul llO
pounds per square inch.
1t will be noticed that the low level
and the high level districts are furnished
from one common source, and will con-
sumo all the water available at the head
OF the river.
The third district comprises all that
part of the city lying north OF Seventh
street, east and south of Beaudry ave-
nue., Adobe street, Buena Vista street
and the Santa Fe railroad tracks to Pas
adena, Well street and Patrick street,
thence along Hansen street, down Kuhrts
to Workman street, thence along Work
man and Echandia streets, thence along
the bluff parallel to Boyle avenue to
Seventh street.
1t will be seen that this district COM
prises all Of the business part of the city,
and that which may be devoted to man.
ufacturing purposes on both sides of the
river.
This district contains about $500 acres,
and is assumed to have a population of
ZOO persons. Allowing each person
200 gallons per day, the district will re-
quire 20,000,000 gallons per day, or
nearly 81 cubic feet per second, the
total available supply at the second
source at the river.
AS has been stated before, the water
may be brought near the city to an
elevation of 375 feet or about 80 feet
above Broadway at the city hall. The
entire district lies below the 350-foot
contour, with the exception of the
Bunker Hill avenue region, which con-
tains about $50 acres. Almost the entire
area can therefore be reached from this
reservoir for ordinary purposes. How
ever the extreme difference in elevation
between the reservoir and the lowest
part of this district along Seventh street
below Alameda, would only be 1876 feet,
giving an available pressure at that
place Of perhaps not more than 30 pounds
per square inch; at the city hall the ef-
fective pressure would not be much
more than 80 pounds per square inch;
it is therefore very apparent
that this system will furnish
no protection against
fire; for fire pressure in the business
and manufacturing parts of the city,
should perhaps be not less than So
pounds per square inch, while 40 pounds
per square inch will suffice for the resi-
dence portions. 1t is therefore neces
sary to create this heavy pressure arti-
ticially by pumping the water to an adj
equate elevation OF $50 feet above the
sea. This altitude will give an available
pressure at Bunker Hill and Temple
street OF about 30 pounds per square
inch, at the city hall of about 00pounds
per square inch, at First street and the
river about ITO pounds, at Seventh
street and the river about 100 pounds
per square inch, at the fire hydrants.
1t will be seen, therefore, that for
over two-thirds of the city, or for three
fourths of her final population, the
water needs to be raised from 1S0 to 200
feet, in order to obtain pressures suffi-
cient for fire purposes, and that it re-
quires three seperate pumping plants to
accomplish this.
THE RESERVOIRS.
It has also been shown by the fore
going, that about one-half of the area of
the city, or two-thirds of the assumed
can be supplied directly
from the two principal reservoirs with
water for domestic purposes at low
pressure, out of which area about 5000
acres with a population of $4,000 per-
SONG, are incidentally furnished with
fire pressure.
The high level district, or district No.
2, will have to be supplied from high
level reservoir under any circumstances,
which will furnish ample pressure for
fire purposes.
The central district, called district
No. 3, or the business portion of the