Wheeling Sunday register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1882-1934, 1891-08-09

took drop OF gelatine, which, after be-
ing boiled for thirty-six hours, lost Its
cOagulabillty. After drying it for sew
eral hours in the air by a rod fixed in
the cork Of a vessel partly filed. with
solution OF taEnin he plunged the drop
Of gelatine into the tannin. The outer
portion of the gelatine, which dissolved,
combined with the tannin and produced
closed cell. This distended more and
more, growing after the manner of a
living cell, but would not stop at the
limit of growth or separate into two or
more cells as In living tissues.
The mechanism of nutrition consti-
tutes an important factor the problem
OF growth. As mill requires water to
propel Its wheel, as a locomotive must
be supplied with steam in order to 60,
as a galvanic battery depends uron the
current OF electricity for its power, so
the body demands force In order
to perform its varied functions.
Food is chief source Of force. A spe-
clal apparatus exists for reducing food
to the proper consistency, so that in the
fluid condition OF blood it NAV be con-
veyed to every part Of the system. This
apparatus, the alimentary canal which
extends through the entire body, has
special appliances for grinding, moist
ening, separating, and chemically alter
ing the food taken in. Sacks or glands
are distributed along the digestive track,
the secretions from which are essential
factors in the process. Thus, in the
grinding performed by the teeth. saliva
is poured out, lubricating the food for
swallowing, and converting the starchy
portions into sugar; In the stomach the
juice secreted by the follicles covering
the walls Of this organ performs a SINH
lar function, changing the food to a
pulpy substance; further on in the in
testines the various juices, including
the bile, severally act, and at this point
the absorption OF food, q process begun
with the soluble portions in the stom-
ach, is completed, and as a milky solu-
ton called chyme, the food not directly
absorbed by the walls aud tissues of the
canal, is conveyed by milk chutes called
lacteals to the thoracic duct, vertical
pipe that sscends along the back and
smptieS its contents into vein near the
heart.
The mechanism of circulation and re-
Spiration, as well as secretion, must also
be complete. In the circulation Of the
blood the heart corresponds to the
pumping engine g. wat" 'v'''
forcing tnS 40 .uiG J. 40 remote parts
of the body, where, passing through the
hairlike tubes, called cappilaries, such
substances carried by the current as
are NODDED for requiring the various
tissues are absorbed, and the stream,
taking up the waste tissues of each
part, proceeds through the veins back
to the heart. This is the general cir
culatiOn; there are two subsidiary, but
no less important, circulatory systems
that relating to the liver and that re-
lating to the kidneys.
From the amount Of food directly alb
sOrbed, the veins Of the stomach and
small intestines are especially rich In
products which make muscles and
nerves. From all this region the blood,
collected by q speciality system Of veins,
is carried to the largest gland Of the
animated body-the liver. This organ
performs various functions, such as
secreting bile and sugar, and some that
are not we'll understood. The blood
from the liver, including this special
current, and also that which supplies
the tissues OF the liver, is all returned
directly to the heart.
The system Of circulotion in the kid
neys which involves an artery convey
ing blood from the main artery TO the
kidneys, and vein returning 1t to the
principal vein, is wholly depnrative in
character, serving TO eliminate urine
from the blood. In consequence, the
blood returning to the general circula-
ton Is the pnrest in the body.
Besides the pipes conveying blood,
there Is another system of vessels which
might be regarded as overflow and waste
tubes, ramifying through all the tissues
OF the body, called lymphatics, which
collect the white blood, or lymph, from
all parts of the system and convey it to
the same pipe that conveys the liquid
food TO the heart. A popularity OF
these tubes is the possession OF gsnglia,
or glands, at short intervals through
which the tubes pass. In certain of the
circulatory organs valves are found
which permit the flow of the current in
one direction. The lymphatics possess
many valves, and all the veins are sup
piled with valves except the portal sys-
tenn conveying blood to the liver.
just as every well-regulated system
OF transit possesses telegraphic commu-
nicatiOns and in places automatic
switches and signals, so'all parts OF the
human mechanism are controlled by
nerves, the head centre being in the
brain and numerous subsidiary offices
situated in various parts OF the body.
This organism has advantages over all
ordinary systems of transit inasmuch as
the ARRANGEMENTS for automatic COM
munications are more complete and nu-
merous than any transit possesses. And
very fortunately is this the case, since
all the vital functions, Including circu-
lation, respiration, and digestion, might
otherwise cease to be performed.
The mechanism being complete and
the food supply sufficient, the growth OF
the bedy depends on the multiplication
az cells. As to the origin OF cells opin-
Ions differ, the German school holding
that each new cell proceeds from a
prior cell, while the French school de-
clares that some cells are produced
spontaneously from the plasma. Ger
tain Il Is that in the lymphatics the
white cOrpuscles Of the blood are found
in abundance, the same that are found
IN the living plssma and are always
numerous in the vicinity Of wounds
where repairs have TO be made. Fur
Their, where anything serves to
check the flow OF this white blood,
either by affecting the nerves that con-
troll the lymphatics andaacteals or those
organs directly, bodily growth is
checked. To some such influence we