davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

CHICAGO. March 3-Wheat was moderately active
and unsettled The opening was the same as yes
terday's closing, receded lac, fuctuated some and
advanced ne, ruled easier and declined 5sDs4c.
then became steadier, and closed 11s@II4c lower
than yesterday. Receipts, 279OO0 bushels; ship
ments, $4,000 bushels. Rye steady at SIC. Bar
ley nominal
CHICAGO March 9.-wheat. cash, 9i7sc
Corn-54s4c.
Pork-S9 55.
. Lard-s5 67ls.
Rbs-s4 10.
Whisky-sl IL
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
ROAEp SALES.
BOAILU "a : A5.
were the sales yesterday in t
.Opk ROaril:.

Following were the sales yesterday in the San
Francisco Stock Board;
. pEauIAR sEssIoN-a-31 A. NJ
mn Ann. $500 BIZ B....3.O5 100 Lady Wis
mn I'M Aipa 7tl51 ... s uuil 90 Occid ....91
i00 n 10 10 200 Caledonia so 90 ophir.. 81 U
$50 andes. 1893 Z d H-e!a 100 ...,s.....5S4
IL -. ! 80 400 C Inn. - $50 Overm.. l.95
2s0 Becner 2OU Point. 40 50 PoUosi.. A a
90 Benton = OulO q Il O 100 100 UnOn... 40
10u .Iiuiliou 2 luIuO Il q N2.UO SO YJackeI.2.20
AFTERNOON. sEss1oS-2:Sl
.o Ann. 75I0o ChaIl c I.s5. So NJ 1875
ono a,iaee al 50 Ii,iler G5 100 Justice. 50
1 1oH a. "a SnT% IL 100 Kenttlck 30
tS ", ,i, 1o,SH az 5TO Lady WI
~ belcher' ~ 80 - 100 Occld 80
Ivy Sol ~ $50 OvermR. 05
oU Il q Is. -,.V9 ~ ~ ~ % 90 PotOsi AZ
wv 6ouie 20 ig W "a 90. 90 Savage. .2.05
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

Don't cheat yourself
out OF a good emose ay
taking a poor ima tatioa
for the genuine Seal OF
Nor tn Carolina Plua
Cut Tobacco.
fe5 cod 3m 6p
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
------
Released From the School.

Judge Trout yesterday ordered that John
Bulger be released from the Industrial
School, John is II years Of age, and two
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
Tax Collections,

Against the Mortgage Tax.
TIE Supervisors Of this city and county
eafe received communication from the
1offd q eupafSlssrs Of Los Angeles
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
The Coal Trade.

Exports of Wheat from this port In February
were l;2s3,7S centals, valued at $l.772,2lS, max
ing total for the first eight months of the crop
year OF $3.50, 1888 centals, valued at 81 l $50 800
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

NEW YORK March 3.-wool is firm. Domestic
fleece, 34(037c = 10.
BosroS, March 3.-wool is in steady demand
Prices unchanged.
PHILADELPfITA, March 3.-wool is firm Mon
tana, 2O924c Territorial 16c p ID.
Fine Silver.
Firmer at $50 q ounce.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

The private circular of l. steuart says OF Coal in
February:
'Bountifu rains at this season have had the usual
eheet on tne ooaI MARKET and in combination with
free arrivals OF foreign Coal have capsed markad
decline in spot prices, while future IoadInps are
also quoted at reduced Rates The Coast ana Brit
ish Columbia mines lowered prices during the
MONTH the leading British Columbia mines having
made cut of So per ton"
The circular gives the receipts at this mort in Feb
ruary at 1884, $50 tons. largest monthlv shaving
In long time. The receipts in February. 1so O.
were 1850 tons. OF last months receipts "a 900
tons came from Australia, 30,66O tons from Great
britain. 3osoo tons from British Columbia and
$4,000 tons from Puget Sound. The receipts dur
Ing the first two months of 1891 were 255 no tons
against l6s,29O tons in the same period last wear
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
Wnnd Mlrkal
RECEIPTS OF PRODUCE.

Posts. 91bc each; Redwood. So SO p cord: Oak,
rough, ST@D7 %; do, peeled, 50 so; Pine, 81 ?
cord; Railroad Ties, 30G34c apiece.
IANBAKK-GrOund bark S24 Il ton
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
OCEAN STEAMERS.
Dates of Departure From san francisco.

sun AND TIDE T4BLa.
In Pacific Standard Time. Computed by THOMAS
1ENNENT. ChronOmeter and INSTRUMENT
Maker g Market
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
lun. Lemons and LINES lower.
English Wheat Market.


LIvERPootr March 3.-The spot market is firm
at IS ia. Carsoes are firm 40s for of coast,
3Ss Cd for Just shipped anu SOS I'd for nearly due.
FUTURES
The Produce Exchange cable gives the following
Liverpool quotations: March, Is 101ad; April. Is
1lI2d; May, rs lo34d; June, rs 1Od; july rs
s1&d; August, IS cad; septemberi7s Sd.
SECURITIES.
LONDON. March B. - ConsoIs a6A; United
9a7sd; Rentos s5r Soc; ns no. 80 Is, lOtbs SILVER
gland, 500 900 -
New York Markets.
NEW YORK. March 3.-The holders OF Pacific
Mail seemed have settled upon about what q sub
's1dy Will be worth and after sharp drop the
morning the stock revived and became quiet Bur
lington. sugar and silver were active, and In the
afternoon Willard stocks became the leading feat
ure scoring material advances and drawing every
thing else up The market finally Osed firm at the
best prices of the day and generally at small frac-
lions better than last evening. Northern Pacific
preferred is up 23s, sugar Is and burlington 11s
Governments steady. Petroleum-A?r closed at
1914.
NEW YORK. March 3-United States Bonds. as,
100; do. 4I4's, 1915: Northern Pacific, 2s2s
Canadian Pacific, 1874; Central Pacific 20; Union
Pacific 45as; Atchison, 265s; Wells Fargo. 1876:
Western Union, 81; Silver, Csc; Sterling, "a Sc
Oh So
NEW YORK. March s-wheat. cash. -. May
81 O63s.
FIour-steady
CofTee-SlS.
Sugar-534@55se
Hops-PaciHc Coast, % 93la
Hides-l3Iac.
Copper-Lake. sl4 25.
Tin-SpOt, $40 45.
Lead-DomeStic, 81 S2Ia.
Iron-$l4.
Petroleum-April, 1914
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
exican Doilar3.

Hew York Exchange.
New YORK Exchange. zoe for sight drafts and
SOC for Geographic
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

FLOUR-The miilers report an active and firm
market. Net cash prices are: Family extras, al is
"a 20; Bakers extras, 81 20G4 80; city superfne,
s3@S so; interior brands, $49i 20 for extras and
$593 80 y Dbl for superhne
WHEAT-Freights have been active at a further
advance during the past week, and a large amount
OF engaged and disengaged tonnage has arrived in
port. The chartered Wheat feet In port has a
registered tonnage of 1850, against $500 tons
on lhe same date In 1880; dsengaged, 10 900 tons,
against $4,000: on the way to this port 25s 500
tons, against l76250 on the same date last year.
The last Wheat charters were drawn at 4os Sd for
Iron vessels, United Kingdom, Havre or Antwerp.
Wheat is firm and active OF prices which have
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04
Shipping Notes.

Steamers to sail to-day the Columbia for PORT
land, the Los Angeles for Humboldt Bay and the
Corona for San Diego. The State OF California
falls due from Portland, the St. Paul from Puget
Sound and the Santa Maria from southern ports
The British iron bark Beemah s54 tons. loads
Flour on the Sound for United Kingdom, Hayre or
Antwerp.
The latest Wheat charters reported are; British
iron snip British isies' 1894 tons, United Kingdom
Havre Antwerp, private; British iron sbIo or
chomene, 1912 tons. same options private: British
iron ship Scottish Hills, 2002 tons, same options
4Os: ship Charmer, 1897 TONS same options 3ss 3d
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

Sterling EXchange.
Bankers sight drafts, 81 SO; bankers, s,x.v-dav
bills, 81 S61a.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

LONDON. March 3. - Consols, a64; United
States Rends-G,s. 1874 : DO 41S's IO4Ik; Silver
"a kentes. sof Soc bullion into Bank of En-
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-03-04

LIVERPOOL, March 3.-The spot market is firm
at Is l1d. Cargoes are firm at 40s for of coast,
3ss Cd for Just shipped anu SOS I'd for nearly
The advocate., 1891-12-23

to this natural route are the interests o.
the majority Of the corporations control
ling the traffic associations, which now
dictate to the people what routes theil
traffic shall take, that the rates to the
gulf are kept so high as to force the
traffic TO the lakes and to the Atlantic
and as all the railways leading to the
gulf have lines running eastward, the
much lauded corporate competition fails
to help out the citizens of Kansas, who
are subjected to the domination of the
new tyrant denominated a "traflc asso-
citation" With the nation operating the
railways, all this would be changed, and
localities favorably located would be able
to reap the benefits which such location
should give, and should such a condition
ever obtain, the farmers Of western Iowa
will not then ship corn to the drouth-
stricken portion of Kansas for Is cents
per one hundred pounds, while the Kan
sas corn grower, living within seventy
five miles of the same market, is charged 10
cents per one hundred pounds for haul
one eighth as long By.such rates the rail
ways force the hauling of corn from Iowa
to western Kansas, and then force the
corn grower of central Kansas to send
his corn eastward, the result being two
long hauls, where one short one would
suffice; but then the corporations would
have absorbed less of the substance
Of the people.
Another, and an incalculable benefit,
which would result from national owner
ship, would be the relief Of state and ma
tionsl legislation from the pressure and
corrupting practices Of railway corpora
tions which constitute one Of the greatest
dangers to which republican Institutions
can be subjected. This alone renders
the naturalization of the railways most
desirable, and at the same time such ma
would have the effect of
emancipating a large part of the press
from a CALLING thraldom to the corpora
tions.
With the nation operating the railways,
we may have some hope that rates will
be reduced by some system resembling
the Hungarian zone which has had the
effect Of diminishing local passenger
rates about 40 per cent, resulting in such
an increase of traffic as to greatly in
crease the revenues of the roads; the
average Of rates by ordinary third class
trains being about three-fourths Of cent
per mile, and one and a half cents per
mile for first-class express trains.
In Victoria, the parcel or express bust.
ness is done by the government railways,
and the rates are not one-half what they
are with us when farmed out to second
lot Of corporations. Space does not per-
NIT the discussion or even the statement
Of the many salutsry phases of govern
ment control, as developed in the various
countries Of Europe, and 1t is not neces-
sary, as there are abundant reasons to be
found In conditions existing at home, for
making the proposed change. By far
The most menscing feature of continued
ownership is the power over
the money markets which It places in
the hands Of unscrupulous men, any half
dozen Of whom can, at such time as
that following the failure of the Barings,
The advocate., 1891-12-23

railways were secured, and there is not
much doubt that they had been lying in
walt for such a critical condition Of the
money markets to accomplish this pur-
pose, which still further enhances their
power for evil. With the railways ma
tlonalized, not only would there be no
temptation for such nefariOus operations,
but the power of such men over values
would be greatly lessened, il not wholly
destroyed, as there would be no railway
shares for them to play fast and loose
with, and as money, instead of being
tied up in loans on chromos representing
little but water, would seek investment
in bona fide enterprises, their operations
would have little influence, and would
certainly have no such baleful power
over the industries of the country, as
their ability to affect the value of rail-
way shares-on which such immense
sums are now loaned on call-gives them,
they being able by locking up few
millions when the money market is In
the condition, which obtained at the time
of the Barring collapse, to force the call
ing of loans and the slaughtering of vast
numbers of the shares, carrying the con-
troll Of the railways they covet. II only
for the purpose of diveSting THE danger
Gus wealthy classes" of their frightful
power, national ownership would be
worth many times its cost, and without
such ownership a score of manipulatOrs
are soon likely to be complete masters
Of the republic and all its industrial In
terests; hence, the question reverts to
the form started in the opening Of this |
paper: Shall the nation accept as master |
\ political party that may be dislodged by |
ihe use of the ballot, or shall the repub- |
ic be dominated by master In the form
of score of ur scrupulous Goulds, Van
lerbllts, and Huntingtons, who cannot
oe dislodged, and who never die?
Assuming that $4,000 per mile is the
maximum cost of existing railways-as
8 shown in the arena for February
md that there are 100000 miles, it would
give a total valuation Of $4,SO0OO0,0OO;
put that there may be no complaint that
he nation is dealing unfairly with the
owners Of much water, 1t will be we'll to
.dd 25 per cent. to what will be found to
DO the outside value of the railways when
condemned under the law Of eminent
domain, and assuming that $6,0O0OO0,0O0
If per cent. bonds are issued In order
20 make payment therefor, and it In
1olves an interest charge Of $180,000,O00,
o which add $67O,OO0,0OO, as the cost of
and operation, and $50,000,-
700 as q sinking fund, and we have
otal annual cost, for railway service, of
S900,000,000 as against present cost of
s1,05O,O 100000 ($950,00O,OO0 FROM traffic
and $S5,OOO,OOO from other
sources of railway revenue) resulting in
\ net annual saving to the public of $780,
100000 to which must he added the other
various savings which 1t has been estl-
mated would result from government
control, and which, for the convenience
If the reader, are here recapituslated,
namely
saving from consolidation OF de-
pots and statfs.. ................... 8 100000
routes. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 2SOOO,OOO
The advocate., 1891-12-23

ting aside $5O,OOO,OOO as a sinking fund,
that there are the best Of reasons for be-
lieving that the cost of the railway SER
vice would be some $4,000, ,0O0less than
under corporate management.
That $6,OO0000,00O Is much more than
it would cost to duplicate existing rail-
ways, will not be questioned by the dis
interested familiar with late reductions
in the cost of construction, and that such
a valuation is excessive is manifest from
the fact that it is much more than the
market value of all the railways bonds
and shares in existence.
Mr.. John P. Meany, in the Railroad
ReUSeaO Of February 7, 1891, says: ut is
safe to assume that the market valua-
ton of the entire $4,5OOOOO,OOO of rail
road stock in existence, would not aver
age more than $50 per share, or, say ST.
35O,0OO,O0O in all" and in his Sun article
he states that fully $500,OOOOO0 of this
stock is duplicated, SO that the "live"
stock outstanding is really but 4,0O0,-
100000, which at $50 per share would
have an aggregate value of 81 ,2OO,OO0,0OO.
Mr.. Meany also states that there are
Implications of bond issues amounting to
some $3OO,0000O0 leaving the live out
standing bonds at $4,5OO,OOO,OOO, and
many corporations failing to pay inter-
est, some issues are selling as low as 10
per cent. of par, making it safe to call
the average market value Of bonds 80
per cent Of their face value, and their
aggregate value would be $4,050,000,000,
to which add value of "live" capital
stock, $1,SO00O0,0OO, and the total mar
ket value of bonds and stock Is Sc, ,250,-
100000, being at the rate of $32, $500 per
mile for the 100000 miles in operation.
After many years of familiarity with
the turgid and obscure statements issued
BY American railway corporations, and
which are usually of such a character
that the more they are studied the less
;he shareholder knows Of the affairs of
The corporation, 1t is very refreshing
10 read the report of the railway COM
nissioners of any one Of the Australian
colonies, where every item of expendi-
;ure is made clear, and where words are
not used for the purpose of misleading.
The last Victorian report shows this
lew and sparsely settled country as able
70 borrow money with which to build
national railways, at 315 per cent. per
annum. How many American corpora
ions are able to borrow money at such a
rate? This saving in the interest charge
directly benefits the public, and is due
10 national ownership, and like saving
will be made by the naturalization
of American railways.
This report also shows that while the
country is so rugged that in many cases
he gradients are as great as 13O feet per
mile, and the cost of labor and supplies
more than here, the roads are operated at
ess cost, as measured by the expense
per train mile, than in the favored regions
If the United States. The Kansas City,
Fort Scott and Memphis railway, is ad-
one of the best managed and
most economically operated railways in
he west and with an abundance of very
,heap coal; low gradients and running
more trains than do the Victorian rail-
unua ah0uld ha OnaroRal v,,uoh ,,,o,o
The advocate., 1891-12-23
SHOULD THE NATION OWN THE RAIL.
WAYSS"
CONTINUED from third paOs.)

VA AOhROA8sAQAD VA DAAOAA NOAuAADueANul
towards the support of such organiza-
tlons, must annually amount to between
four and five million dollars.
OF the 600 corporations operating rail-
ways, probably 500 maintain costly
general offices, where president, treas
urer and secretary pass the time sur
rounded by an expensive staff. The ma
jority Of such officers are off the lines Of
the respective corporations, In the larger
cities, where high rents are paid, and
great expenses entailed, that proper at
tention may be given to the bolstering or
depressing the price Of the corporations
shares, as the management may be long
or short OF the market. So far as the
utility Of the railways Is concerned as In
Struments Of anything but speculation,
such offices and officers might as we'll be
located in the moon, and their cost saved
to the public. The average yearly cost
Of such offices land ofilcerS) is more than
$4,000, and the transfer OF the railways
to the nation would In this matter alone
effect an annual saving Of more than
$25,0O0,000, as both Offices and officials
could be dispensed with, and the service
be no less efficient.
Moreover, with the nation owning the
railways, the indirect but no less onerous
tax levied upon the industries of the
country, by the thousands Of speculatOrs
who make day hldeous on the stock ex-
changes, would be abrogated, as then
there would be neither railway share nor
bond for these harpies to make shuttle
cocks of, and this would be another
economy due to such ownership.
Railways spend enormous sums In ad-
vertising, the most Of which national
ownership would save, as it would be no
more necessary to advertise the advan-
tages Of any particular line than it is to
advertise the advantages Of any given
mail route. From reports made by rail
way corporations to some Of the western
states, IL appears that something over
per cent. Of operating expenses are alb
sorbed in advertising, aggregating some
thing like $7,OOO,OOO per year, of which
we may assume that but $5,0O0,OO0
would be saved, as It would still be de-
slrRble to advertise train departures and
arrivals.
A still greater expense is involved in
the maintenance Of freight and paSseu-
ger Offices off the respective lines, for the
purpose Of securing portion Of the CON-
petitive traffic. In this way vast sums
are expended In the payment of rents,
and the salaries Of hordes of agents, soil
cltors, clerks, ETC., etc. Taking the known
expenditures, for this purpose, Of a given
mileage, II Is estimated that the aggre-
gate is not less than &15,0OO,000 yearly, |
all Of which Is a tax upon the public,
that would be saved did the government
operate the railways.
Under government control, dlscrimlna-
lions against localities would cease,
whereas now localities are Disseminated
against because managers are interested
In real estate elsewhere, or are inter
ested In diverting traffic In certain direc-
tlons; again, under corporate management,
It 10 for the interest Of the company to
haul commodity as far as possible over
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1891-10-10
Old Hats at Good Prices.

The wind was blowing stifily and
the bridge at Dearborn Street was
open.
Look out for your hat, my boy"
shouted nm old gentleman OF portly
appearance, but he was too late. The
hat, a battered straw, rolled into tho
river. TIC boy began to cry and dug
his knuckles into his eyes.
well, young man, you'll have to
buy another hat now"
"Aint g-g-got nuthin' ter buy with"
snutlled the youngster.
That's too bad. Here's q dollar
for you.
Twenty minutes later was at the
Clark Street bridge.
"Catch that hat please, mister"
and as the old worn-out head cover
ing foated into the river a small bare-
headed boy sank down on the pave
ment sobbing violently. Three mems
hands went into their pockets and.
three silver quarters grnvitated to the
small boy. peered into his face. 1t
was the same ad.--Chieago Mail.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1891-10-10
The Kaiscr's Childhood.

Innumerablc have been the anec-
dotes given Of the German Empc or in
his latter life, but of his earlier days
less is known. The following deta lis
from u reliable source. which appear
in the Gentlcwoman. may not be out OF
place at the present moment Chill
dren!" shouted old Field Marshal
Wrangel to crowd Of eager Berlin
ers waiting near the palace windows
for tidings OF their new born Prince.
''all goes well; 1t Is as fine and sturdy
recruit as we could wish" Thus wo
see from the first hour Of the young
monarch's life, the military element,
since lnseparable with his name. wa.
even then to predominant. Although
very high-spirited and somewhat
naughty child. the Prince won the lovo
OF those intimately connected with
him. His English nurse. Mrs Hobbs, or
,Hobbsy. as she was called. wa, the
first to initiate him in the mysteries
OF the language he now speaks so adj
mirably.
Later on an English tutor was en-
gagged for the two little princes, and
recalls with much amusement cey>
tain history lesson. when the Emperor.
with knitted brow and in good nerv-
GUS vernacular, declared. Well Mr..
A.. If you want to know what think
it is, that Oliver Cromwell was per-
feet beast" The books chosen by the
Empress Frederick for her boys read
ing were Millions Paradise Lost" and
Bunyan's Pilgrims Progress" Les
sons were made to alternate with good
hearty amusement and to this day
there exists. believe playground
at Friedrichskron. where the English
princess used to watch the gambols of
her children, and rejoice to see them
AS fully imbued with love for romping
as any OF the village boys and girls in
all the country round
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1891-10-10
Epoch. of the American Press.

There are published to-day in the
United States some IL. 900 newspapers.
trade papers, literary weeklies and
monthlies and other periodicals. de-
voted to every interest and order OF
any Importance. Every settled county
in every state and territory has now
two weetlies. mt least which repre-
sent the two prominent parties, while
nearly every village of 1000 inhabit.
tants has it's own local publication, It
is estimated that 220. 600 people find
employment in the production OF
these periodicals, and that 5000, OOO.-
900 is invested in those enterprises,
says a writer In the Newspaper.
In the history OF the American
newspaper there have been SO far six
epochs each marking we'll defined
eras in the advance OF the country and
OF the press; these may. be indicated
in this way:
First-The first American newspa-
pers 1690-1704.
Second-The colonial press, 17Ol--
1855.
Third-The revolutionary press,
1755-1783.
Fourth-The party press, the relig-
ious press, the agricultural press, the
sporting press. the commercial press.
etc.. 1783-1833. =
Fifth-The cheap press. 1833-1S35.
Sixth-The telegraph and independ-
cnt press, 1S35-1890. Boston Herald.