The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1891-08-21

than that tlss interest Of individuals
would be prompted BY Legislative inter
ference directing the particular appli- !
cation Of is industry; for example. We \
should find no advas. ~ IN saying that
every man should be sbliged 70 furnish
himself by his own lu>or with those
recommendation which depend on the
mechanic arts. instead o. employing
his neighbor who could do II 70. him on
better terms. II would be OF N adj
vantage TO III. shoemaker 70 make his
own clothes TO save the expense Of tbs
tailor's bill, nor Of the tailor 70 make
his own shoes 70 save the expense OF
procuring them from the shoemaker
II would be better policy TO suffer each
Of them TO employ his talents In his
own way. The case Il the same in the
exercise OF arts and agriculture. be-
tween the city and the country, and
between city and town; each capable
OF making particular articles IN album
dance to supply the other. thus all are
benefited by exchange, and the less this
exchange Is cramped by government,
| the greater the proportions Of benefit
| to each The same argument holds
good between nation and nation and
! between parts Of the same nation
Such were Madison's general princi
pies He. however. admitted the fol
| lowing exceptions: First, other nations
| Disseminated against foreign vessels;
| to protect our commerce we must dc
| the same. Second, such industries a.
have already been established in the
various states, and As bid fair to be.
come self-supporting. should receive
encouragement Third, he favored
embargoes in time Of war. Fourth, he
acknowledged that there was some
merit. though not so much as claimed,
in the encouragement Of such industries
as would provide means OF defense in
times Of war Fifth. his chief exceP-
ton to entire freedom Of commerce wa
the imposition Of import duties to pro-
vide for revenue.
Such were the main points offered by
the leaders in the four days OF general
debate which preceded the debate upon
the particular and enumerated articles
brought forward by Madison and Fitz
simons.
It has been claimed by the advo
Gates of high protective duty that the
congress which passed the first tariff
law had for its main purpose the pro
lection OF our infant manufacturing in
dustries. and that revenue, though II
was an important consideration. was
not the leading one. This idea canno
be borne out by the facts To be sure
men like Fitzsimons and Hartley, OF
Pennsylvania. during the general de
| 80 vr.4onffvo drfio< 0nf
some of the remarks would seem K
. imply that protection TO manu-
. features was To be the chic
, consideration Their whole course
, however. during the debate on the sep
aratc articles, shows different results
In one respect all who took part in thu
debate agreed. namely. that the impos
, | was to be tax and was to be paid b!
, the consumer. In view Of this the sec
> ond point on which they agreed was
natural one, that articles Of necessit!
should bear low rate and that article
, | OF luxury should bear a maximum rat
) | which should bring the highest revenu
without encouraging smuggling.
These cardinal principles were car
! | ried out to the letter in fixing the dutie
/ on various articles Thus spirits. win
D malt liquors bore the highest rates
5 ranging from cents per gallon on bee
r to is cents per gallon on wines Tn
) next highest rate was Is per cent an
I was levied upon carriages. etc. excer
e ordinary farm vehicles, which paid onl
5 5 per cent The duties Of 10 cents pc
r bushel on salt. 70 ? cents per poun
! on sugar and ~ cents per gallon o
: molasses were distinctly revenue d.
o ties
n In advocating duty on salt, Law
e renee said: Taxes. TO be just, must a
0 feet all and equally affect them. an
1 not be left 70 fall partially upon . few
> This Is more the case with salt tina
4 any other article which has yet bee
1 taxed. and. I believe, Is the only a
q which will get at the pockets Of thos
4 20 whom Il Is said to be obnoxious"
5 The southern and middle states use
s sugar. New England consumed M
q lasses. and 50 duties were levied q
e both articles 70 equalize the tax.
s Millinery. gloves and paper bore Z
q per cent duties, and on all non-cn
e merated articles the tax was fixed
b 5 per cent Of the value 1t the time ~
place Of Importation
a II has been claimed by the advocat
e Of high duties that the tariff OF IL
3 was = protective measure On the CO.
a. trary. the speeches of the members
a congress. both in general debate and
K fixing the rates Of duty. show that Il
$ attainment Of . revenue TO pay II
st debts was its purpose. These san
I, advocates Of high duties call the tar
r ~ lS-s md 1857 revenue tariffs and y
c. the rates nxoA Nv them were 900 70 3
: per cent higher than u,c how rate
.. spcr cent in i7ss
g Forgetting the character Of the da
y the Cleveland Leader said in its Su
; day issue: The truth Is tin plate HI
y already been reduced from so cents
q $3.50 a box. Mills are being erects
" and great reductions will follow" I
= ascertain how much truth there was
Z this astounding statement inquiry W,
: made yesterday nj one Of the be
Y known tin working establishments
2 this city. The reply was that for u
y quality Of tin plate used for roofin
Z spouting and general timing work Il
= Cleveland concern had paid si1 be-
= before the passage Of the McKinle
s bill. An Invoice Of eight boxes OF Il
same quality received last week WI
y tx.tt.I ~ AT IN !. ts<.w ru.&~~S 80 a.