davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
K,ssinx the lsooaE.

The custom of swearing on the Bible
comes from the ancient Jews, who at
first touched their phylacteries- small
cases containing strips Of parchment
inscribed with texts from the Old Testa-
ment--in taking oaths, and later laid
their hands on the book of the law; and
all the various customs Of taking oaths
in different countries have . similar
origin.
The early Anglo-Saxons regarded
stones as sacred TO their gods, therefore
laid their hands on . pillar of stone.
In medieval times it was customary to
touch . relic, and this was regarded -
giving the oath more sacredness than
when sworn upon the missal, or prayer
book. Another custom OF the same
times was swearing by churches. A
certain number were mentioned, and
the sttestor was obliged to 90 to each
one, take the ring OF the church door in
his hand, aud repeat his oath.
The custom OF kissing the cross TO at-
test an oath hsa been observed in
Russia from very early times and has
extended into other countries. Ac-
|cordiug to the laws of the Order Of tho
Garter 10 tho time Of Henry VI1L.
knights Tempiar were required in TAX
ing oath to touch the book aud kias the
cross. Since tie reformation the tak-
lug 81 oeths l.y kissing the Bible has
not Leen permitted IN Scotland. =
other portions ii Great Britain \ = ~
|eomnsun mothod
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07

lie locally or to the agricultural inter-
ests. 1t Is the purpose Of the bureau to
make itself OF much greater valuS to
the latter than ever before. Local Off
eials have had the right in the past to
place forecasts Upon their maps, but
this has not been done generally. IL Is
the Intention to appoint men OF
the highest ability, with the special
duty OF giving the most detailed possible
local forecasts. Congress provided for
but twenty such Offices, and 1t is a mat
ter Of extreme difficulty to make q selec-
ton OF able men and Uf points which
will be satisfactory to the general pub
lie. Gcherally Speaking the offices will
be thickly scattered along the northern
boundary, where changes are most FREE
quent. The Canadian observatories,
while excellent and operated on much
the same plan as our own, are not nu-
merous, and their local forecasts are not
minute.
The fields adjoining the Indiana and
Ohio boundary line are alive with grass
hoppers, which are doing an inestl:
mable amountaof damage to the crops.
Grain Is being harvested earlier than
usual in order to save 1t from the raw.
ages OF the insects, but In the majority
Of cases 80 much damage has tt,sn done
as to render the crops of but little
value. The grasshOppers have only
appeared within the last few days, and
they have been the source Of no little
CONSERVATION among the farmers. many
of whose crops will be short fully u
half. The hoppers seem to be travelling
eastward, and while not much grain is
being devonrcd. they ruin it by cutting
off the stalk.
CENSUS returns indicate that a,49l, $3.50
farms and homes In the United States,
occupied by owners, are encountered by
mortgages. Preliminary returns from
Iowa indicate that the average debt for
q farm in that state is Sl.2s3 and for a
home S7ia, making the average for both
81, l4O. At this rate the total encum-
brance Oh farms and homes in the
United States would be about So. 5GO.-
O90.00O. Judging from the incomplete
returns from western states farms and
homes are mortgagcd for about one
third OF their value.
TIE total exchanges for the last week
of the leading cities Of the United States
and Canada was Saa3. .93s, 1856, a decrease
OF l4.s per cent. as compared with the
corresponding week last year.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
Divorce Seekers May be Fooled,

SEEKERS for the severance OF tho nup-
tial knot who have gone to Sioux Falls
for relief will be minus realization Of
their desires. Judge Aiken, who holds
the sword that sewers unloving hearts.
has concluded to interpret the law ac-
cording to its spirit instead of its letter,
and it Is very probable that many OF the
ninety-six applicants for divorce now
there will be disappointed. Friends of
Judge Aiken say he holds that the ex-
preston sin good faith" will have to be
substantiatcd by something stronger
than the affidavit Of the applicant. The
intent of the law (Which document is
fifteen years old) was to provide release
for Dakotans, bnt its loose construction
has opened up great possibilities for
outsiders which do not now appear to
be probabilities.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
Governor Th.ysr's Appointments.

THE governor has appointed Judge O.
P. Mason, of Lincoln, as labor commits
sioner, Samuel $. blanchard, OF Ar
lington. as chief grain inspector for
Douglas county, and Robert r. Greer,
Of Kearney, as commissioner general
for the worlds fair. The following are
the worlds fair commissioners: First
congressional district, A. l.. Strang,
Omaha, republican; J. Sterling Morton,
Nebraska City, democrat. Second dis
trict, Samuel j. Brass, Juniata, demo-
crat: j. Ii. Powers, Cornell, independ-
cnt. Third district. Seth Il. Mobley,
Grand Island, republican; W. u. Mil
Ter, Wayne county. independent. The
alternates are: Fist district, Charles
Il. Casey, PGwnec City, republican; A.
j. Sawyer, Lincoln. democrat. Second
district, John s. Henderson, Seward,
democrat; Eric johnson, Osceola, inde-
pendent. Third district, job Hatha-
way, TIemingford, republican; J. II.
Edmiston, Lexington. independent The
governor has also issued proclamation
declaring Boyd county organized and
naming Butte City as the temporary
county seat.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
The MORMONs ON POLyGAMY.
Thcy Instruct Their Converts That 1t Is
Against the LAW.

Thcy Instruct Their Converts That It Is
Against the Law.
In an interview between the United states
labor commissioners and the Mormon elder
In charge Of Mormon emigration ut Liver
pool, that official, who Is acting in the place
OF Brigham Young. jr., stated that, while he
and all Mormons believed pulygamy TO be
right, yet AS the United states supreme
court had decided the anti -poiyganiy la W
CONSTITUTIONAL the Mormon church had
adopted rule against its practice in the
United States. and that all Mormon com
verts abroad are 50 informed before their
embarkation for America. lie further
stated that whenever the question was
asked converts were assured OF the right
fulness Of polygamy. but OF the legal I'M.
possibility OF its being practiced at present
In the United states or Great Britain: also
that they must not 60 to America IL they do
not intend to obey the Ia " and abstain from
pOlygamOtis marriage
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
THE SOUTHERN SUMMARY.

Gov. BUCHANAN, of Tennessee, has
decided to call the legislature to con-
vene in extra session August II to con-
slider the convict lease system and other
matters of interest, including amend
ments of the election laws. the repre-
scntation of the state at the worlds
fair, and increasing the power OF the
governor to suppress riots in calling out
the militia. The prison question in
cludes the regulation Of the peniten-
tiary, lis management by lcssees, the
question Of removal Of the main prison
from the City Of Nashville. building a
new pentcntiary and tho regulation Of
convict labor Gov. buchanan said he
was IN favor OF taking definite steps to-
wards finally doing away with the whole
lease system. lie was in favor OF going
as far as could be done corstitutionally.
The labor unions throughout the state
will bring strong pressure to bear upon
the legislature. They will meet and by
resolution ask that the lease system be
done away with and free labor be no
longer interfercd with by convict labor.
DISTRICT UNITED STATES JUpGE
HAMMOND has handed down, at Mem
phIs. Tenn. his decision In the now
famous case Of X. II. King, the Seventh
Day Adventist who was convicted
year ago Of Sabbath breaking by pl0w-
ing on sunday. The state supreme
court affirmed the sentence and then
the Adyentists and the National Sec
ular association took mp the case, en-
gaging Don I,iekehson as counsel to
argue it before the federal court. BY
Judge Hammond's decision the defend
ant fs remanded back to the custody Of
the sheriff to serve his sentence.
DAVID KING. the brutal husband who
was taken from Jail at Dixon. Webster
county, KY, did rot escape as was re-
ported. King was taken 8 few miles
out from Dixon and aitsr being hanged
was riddled with bullets. His companion
Was whipped until he tainted. He was
then Yesuscitated and tnrned loose.
"A REPoRr II current that s75, 600 y
snissing from ths express Office at
K0untxles Text Zig saw Mill center
OmeIs1s Ara ,nAxsa ii i0yestig Atson.
but ~ sorY res.sess
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
IN THE EAST.

The cases Of the New York murderers,
McIlvaine and Trezza, have been taken
OH appeal to the United States supreme
court. The condemned men were to
have been electrocuted in Sing Sing
prison last week. Tho arguments be-
fore the highest court will not be heard
until October.
CHAIRMAN QUAY and Treasurer Dud-
Icy have resigned from the republican
national committee. j. S. Clarkson,
vice chairman, succeeds to the chair
manship, entrusted with power to name
. treasurer. The opinion Of the men,
bers Of the committee present favored
the holding OF the next republican ma
tionai convention as early as May.
DURING the taking OF testimony at
Washington, in the Rock Creek park
appraisement q real estate expert,
John E. Beall, testified to the profit
made by ex-President Cleveland on his
venture. He said that Mr.. Cleveland
bought his Oakview place for $26, 900
and sold 1t for $l4O,OOO, thus realizing
tllA,OOO.
r. G. Dun & Co.'s weekly review OF
trade says: Business continues dragging
and dull. In commercial circles there
seems to be general and growing con-
fidence that the business Of the fall will
be large and profitable, and some im.
prOveMent Ia seen, but not enough as
yet to justify sanguine views. Trade at
the south Is peculiarly depressed be-
cause there is too much cotton. Again,
in parts Of the west where crops failed
last year, trade has not yet recovered
from the great depression resulting, and
as long rs the corn crop il in doubt
complete recovery Is not to be expected.
In several states legislation hostile to
capital causes much disturbance. Fur
ther, the collapse OF real estate specu-
lation in many parts OF the west and
south has brought severe losses and EN-
barrassment to many. At the east
monetary uncertainties have powerful
influence. European difficulties do not
pass away rs quickly or fully as was ex-
pected, and now serious financial trouble
IL apprehended In Russia because Of
failure Of crops which will only help
this country In the end. There Is
growing doubt whether the movement
Of crops IN America will not cause
temporary drain greater than eastern
money markets can meet, but II the
grain can be sold the gold will come.
ONE OF the changes made in the
weather bureau Is the enlargement Of
the local value OF westher predictions
By the appointment Of twenty local fore
casters. The list Of places whore these
appointments will be made has not yet
been entirely completed, but II will In
cluds Chicago, St. Louis, st. Paul, Cin-
cinnatl, Cleveland, Detroit and Indian.
apolis. Heretofore the general forecasts
from Washington have been practically
the only onAe These ars valuable -
The co1meeelaJ tntefeste of the whole
eoaa1gy, ~ ~ 70 Mash - r. - -
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
Living the Old DAYS Over.

The Grand Army encampment at Detroit
has been grand success from the start
The weather OF the opening day was perfect
and 1t witnessed the grandest parade In the
history ~ the order. and has made the
twenty-fffth or ..silyer encampment" an
occasion of magnitcence and grandeur sur
passing the fondest dreams cherished by It's
founder DIR. Stephenson. Of Illinois. twenty
five years ago For six hours under the
bright sun $1,000 veterans tramped sturdily
over the line of march. aud such was the
inspiration Of the moment that even the
feeblest OF manned and crippled comrades
found themselves adequate To the ordeal OF
the march.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
sheep Raising In south Dakota.

THE interest in sheep raising is con-
stantly growing in South Dakota. AL
most every farmer who has few dol
lars to invest is putting the money into
sheep. and in consequence the prairie is
becoming dotted over with herds Of
these animals. Farmers on the ceded
Sioux lands are also becoming interested
in sheep raising, and large numbers are
being taken to the country west OF the
Missouri river,
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
or 0snosa' interest.

THERE are nearly six thousand pieces
In 3 modern locomotive.
Two-YEAR-oLD apricot trees at San
Bernsrdino. Cal, are laden with fruit
this year.
THE San Francisco Board OF Health
refuses TO admit Cinnamon to tie city
hospital.
AFAsr stallion who has taken TO hat.
ing his driver and won't trot for him
any more Is York County (Maine)
curiosity.
4 TEXAS cattlemsn says the outlook
Of present Is that the supply Of cattle
from that State will fal short 1, ,O00, 600
head as compared with the number lsst
year.
THREE prospectors in Death Valley
were nearly dying Of thirst whom their
mule started OF on his own hook and
soon led them TO water And yet the
mule is generally regarded % ) KEN
tuckian.
A cARR1ER pigeon, which had been
bought at CharlOttenburg, near berlin.
and taken TO London, has rcappoared ID
his old homo, having most likely escsp-
ed and successfully undertaken the long
flight back.
An express train near Linwood, Fa.,
struck 3 tramp and threw him several
feet In the air. When tho tKAinm0n
found him he WAS relighting his ptpe,
and was angry because be had ~ wasAe
match.
APpLRs are q profitable ) crop n
CalifoFnis 81 oranges. A grower, whosb
ranch Ii up 4,OJO feet ln tho sierra
Nn~,sAAA 8~mpAa pnAus rs 49, - rfXk6
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
EurOr,c MAY lntertcrc In CHINA

NJ. Ribot, minister OF foreign affairs had
u conference in Paris with the secretary OF
the Chinese legation concerning the protec-
tion OF the missions and foreigners in
China. The secretary declared that
the Pekin government has taken all
measures necessary to secure the order
NJ. Ribot intimated that IL the measures
adopted by the Chinese government had no
be tier effect in the future than in the past
the European powers would arrange for
joint intervention to protect the lives and
property OF their citizens in China.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
gsGsidh1 NOrs hin In Paris.


Buddha is worshiped in Paris. Bud.
dhists meet regularly at certain halls
and private rooms in the French capi.
tai aud pay their tribute OF fdoration to
the light Asia. Most of them are
Japanese, few of them are French
men, and three are Englishmen. Feb
ruary % the first formal service Of wor-
ship was conducted by two Bhuddist
priests in the large salon Of the museum
for comparative religious history. It
consisted Of kind Of mass to the honor
Of the great master Ken Sin, founder OF
the sect Sin-Sin. which possesses to-day
$4,000 temples. Before the little Bud
dhist chapel stood vases full of flowers
sud many burning tapera Two Bud
dhist priests from Ceylon, enveloped in
magnificent robes, prayed before .
statue OF Buddha, offered incense and
prostrated themselves nino times. Then
one of them struck gong three times
to frighten off the wicked spirits and
conciliate the gods. Amid frequent in
terruptions from gong and bell they
sang the hymns Gstha" and . @Sukawati-
Uzuha- Sutra." The ceremony was oh
served by Jules Simon, Jules Ferry,
the English. Swedish, and Japanese
ambassadors, and all the believers in
Paris. 1t lasted just one hour. The
two priests, who came to France on .
Japanese man-of-war, will travel oil
over Europe, and will hold services for
the refreshing Of believers in the large
capital cities. They will eventually re-
turn to Japan and establish in Kioto .
school for Ssnscrit. Pali, and Buddhist
theology.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
wet.on cnAnge. Hi. Mlnd.

CHAIRMAN WATSON, OF the Nebraska
republican state central committee, has
abandoned the project OF elccting gov
ernor this year. He has come to the
conclusion that such proceeding would
not be legal, and 30 has decided not to
call . special meeting Of the republican
state central committee.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
The Old Dodge.

PEDDLERs are hawking packages Of
goods around Lake Preston for farmers
notes. The notes are quickly trans
ferrcd at discount and there is no
remedy for any deception practiced.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07

J. R. WILLIAMS, = farmer living two
miles east Of Ord, has threshed aud sold
his barley. The ground was measured
and the enormous yield Of eighty bush
els per acre was had. The price re-
ceivcd for II was IS cents per bushel,
making e27 per acre for the crop.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07

Nebraska City man recalls the fact
that the thermometer registered higher one
day In December last than IL did in July,
December 10. 1890, the Thermometer rked
u degrees, and on July it only reached 60
daDroaS
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
Dominion Wheat CrOD,

The annual report OF the president of tho
Dominion Milicrs association, In session at
Toronto. estimates the wheat crop OF tho
dominion at So, sc, 900 bushels, a reckoning
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07

STATE AUDITOR TAYLOR has written
communications to the auditors OF
counties having patients In the insane
asylum advising that levy OF $40 per
month for each patient be made to pay
for the expense of keeping.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
THE NATIONAL GAME.

Games Won and Lost-How the Clubs
Now stand.
Following Is = showing OF the standing of
each Of the teams OF tho different assOcia.
flnna.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
Dakota FIGURING Mills!
new DEAL new FIRM

i. These Mills having been thorueh.
ly repaired during the recent "shut
Mown," now start up with improved
facilities with II new firm and a new
~ai skilled miller. We are prepar.
sS to do merchant and exchange
work and guarantee resulte. We
desire to purchase corn and oats
nnd will pay the highest market
price, and we intend to make good
market for these products, our facili.
ties for handling corn making it an
object to sell to Us. We want i'm.
snediately, q large quantity Of corn
and oats. Call and see us and bring
your grists for flour.
SHEAFE & BoYNToN.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07

expects 10 say goodbye to his sims, one
at time, will never get the devil be-
hind him.
IF the beathen are never saved 1t will
be the fault Of close listed church MEM
bers, and not the fault of God.
No ONE has ever had foretaste Of
heaven who has not done something
unselfish to make somebody happy.
The man who is not willing for the
kingdom Of God to come in his own
heart. is opposing it everywhere.
The man who waits for golden harp
with which to praise God, would feel
very much out Of place in heaven.
DEVILS rejoice in the worldly pros.
perity Of an ungodly man, because Il
turns him farther away from heaven.
The closer we look at men, the less
we think Of them. The closer We look
OF Christ the more we love Him.
THERE never was a sermon preached
that the devil couldn't answer, but he
never tries to explain godly life.
! The devil gets his hands on . good
many preachers by making them be-
lieve that thoy have to preach great
sermons.
PEOPLE who really love Christ, no
matter how poor they may be, will
manage to find some way to show it in
tangible gifts.
/, A GOOD many preachers try 30 hard
to feed few giraffes in their fiocks that
they let the sheep and lambs starve to
death.
VIXEN Gods work comes to stand
still you can depend upon it that OBJ
stacles are in the way that human hands
can remove.
No MAN can live so as to please his
next door neiohbor, but the one who
tries to please God will not find it hard
to do it.
WHEN it comes to house cleaning,
there is only here aud there man who
seems to be truly religious, from where
his wife sees.
WHEN you want to see Gods power,
look for it in the mountains. When
you want to see His spirit, look for it in
Christian men.
The right kind of religion doesn't
mean twenty-five cents q year for mis-
sions, and turkey for yourself every
Sunday for dinner.
ONE of the main reasons why . bride
is so proud of her husband is because
she thinks he knows everything. Some
thing warm seems to have been sud.
denly taken out OF the sunshine when
she finds out that he doesn't.
THERE are well-to-do men who will
get down on their knees in church, and
pray for God 10 bless the whole earth,
who wouldn't give dollar toward build.
ing fence around the church to keep
the pigs out of the graveyard.
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
=. - :" ~T
Re-! g! Rssi9g Bsxd:gz
ABSOLUTELY Pure
ABSOLUTElY Pure
RAMS HORN WRINKLES.
Paragraphs In Every Ono Of " hioh IL .
Sermon.

HENEvER you
find . man op-
posing the Bible,
you find one who
has sin . h Q
doesn't want to
give up
THERE are
PEOPLE who dress
their bodies in
the height Of
t.. hion. and lot
their minds 60
l., rags.
The man who
Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1891-08-07
New Era In Mining.

THE Deadwood and Delaware Smelt.
ng company's new plant, only recently
completed at cost of $500, 900, was
started up for its initial run and sixteen
minutes after the blast was turned on
molten ore began flowing at the rate of
$50 tons per day. The company is and
will continue operating the pyritic pro-
cess, distinguished from lead smelling
by the fact that iron pyrites instead Of
lead ores are used for flux. The process,
though an old one, has never before
been operated on a large scale in the
United States and considerable doubt
was entertained as to the results. The
first twenty-four hours run dcmonstra-
ted its absolute success and marks the
beginning OF new era in Black Hills
mining. Quarts hitherto shipped out of
the country for treatment will hereafter
be reduced at home The company
owning the plant has so constructed it
that its capacity can be doubled in a
short time and at small expense. 1t
will probably SO enlarge it at an early
day and then enter the field to compete
with the plants in Omaha and Denver
for the ores of Montana, Idaho, WASH
ington, Wyoming and Colorado.