St. Paul daily globe., 1891-11-26

red. Samples of the granite at Watah
were polished and exhibited at the Phil
adelphia centennial. The Duluth gran
lite is generally designated as gabbro by
litbologists. This is term derived
from Italy and applied there to
lgneOuS rocks consisting of the tri-
clinic feldspar, LabradOrite, angite
and magnitite. This gabbrO is the
chief rock of one important range of
nils in Minnesota. The GRANTEES of the
state are adapted to wide range of
architecture. The gray granite will
stand pressure of $4,000 pounds to the
square inch; it resiSts fire and the sud-
den cooling produced by throwing upon
it cold water. There is also a coarSer
granite that takes high polish, which
Is preferred for fine work, such as mon
umentS, tablets and inside trimmings
for buildings, and is in use IN st. Paul,
Minneapolis, Chicago, Milwaukee, Des
MOineS and other cities.
Beautiful Syenites.
The syenite from Beaver Bay is
brownish red, of fine grain, and when
polished very beautiful. The fine
grained gray Syenite, at Sauk Rapids, is
made into monuments. Stone from Sauk
Rapids was used in the trimmings Of
the capitol at De5 MOines, the front of
buildings in other cities, paving in st.
Paul and Minneapolis, and the Northern
Pacific bridge over the Missouri river at
Bismarck. The granite is plentiful in
the Minnesota valley from New Ulm to
Big Stone lake, and in several sections
| of the state. In Sherburne, Benton
and Stearns counties it is red
and gray. At Duluth there is the
red Syenite and gabbrO Of blush
| gray of uniform color and which was
| feeblY translucent. At Lake Saganaga
| the granite rocks are large and favor
able to quarry. The color is light and
| very similar to the white granite Of
Watab. At Beaver Bay the syenite is
of brownish red and of fine grain.
Tinted Stones.
The labradorite rock has a lavender
blue or biuish-gray color. 1t is vitreous
and subtranSlucent in thin shuts. 1t
| has a compact, perfectly crystalline
| texture, with crystals as large as half or
! three-quarterS or an inch across. In some
| of the green stone are perfect crystals,
over two inches in diameter. The
| labradOrite is valuable for ornamental
! slabs, columns and for chinaware. It
| is used in several buildings III ST. Paul
and Minneapolis for interior decora-
| tionS.
The great area of the building stone
| of the state may be conceived when it
| is known that the various stones men-
toned are found under favorable con-
| ditiOns for Quarrying in the region Of
| st. Paul, Minneapolis. Duluth, Red
! Wing, st. Cloud, Fort Smelling, Hinck-
| ley, and the counties of GoOdhue, Da-
kOta, Carver. Scott. Sibey, Ncollet,
| Mcleod. Renville, KandiyOhi, Wash
| ington. ChiSagO, Isanti, AnOka, Benton,
SEe,.l
| Giant, Stevens, Otter Tail, Wadena,
| Todd. Crow Wing, Morrison, Mile Lacs
and Kanabec.
a test OF the durability of the stones
| have been made, as we'll as a comparison
With the merits of stones of other states.
| These tests have been as to gravity, re-
SiStance, absorption of moisture from
the atmosphere and by Water-SOaklng,
action of carbonic acid, acid fumes,
frost and heat. The principal stones
have stood these tests better than bave
those of other states. The tests by
pressure and atmospheric influences
have especially shown gratifying re-
suits, and proven the superiority over
those OF other states. The discussion
of the celebrated red pipeStone has not
been given place in this article
Fire and Potter's Clay.
for the reason that it is limited in ex-
tent and only used by Indians or others
in making novelties or curiOS. The fine
stone and stone-trimmed and decorated
buildings in the cities and principal
towns OF the state are the best evil
denceS of the beauty and superiority OF
the building and ornamental stone of
the state.
Another important feature in the
states resources is the clay. There are
extensive StOneware potterleS at Red
Wing.
The pottery clay is fine, plastic blue,
blush yellow or gray. it is used
extensively in Steele county for making
pOtteryware- Pottery is also manufact-
ured in MankatO, and several points in
the state.
At Mankato and other points an ex-
cellent quality OF cement is made from
native clay, and is shipped in car lots to
outside points. 1t is claimed to be SUI
periOr to other grades in the United
States.
The fireclay beds near Austin and at
other points are claimed to be the best
i'll America, and are ineXhauStible.
The beautiful brick buildings all over
the state and the trade i'll Minnesota
bricks over a large radius outside the
state are evidences of the superior
grade of this material. There are Vari-
cites in the grade and appearance.
There are no more desirable pressed
brick, fire brick or ordinary red brick in
the country than the Minnesota product.
The industry is extensive, and covers
great portion of the state. The prices
range from So to $3.50 per thousand. &C
cording to the kind and grade.
The red brick sells from Sc to SIS per
thousand, and the pressed and fire brick
range in price from So to $3.50. The
| bricks in the state capitol were burned
in Goodhue county. Among the coun-
ties in which brick is extensively manu-
factured are the following: Carver,
Scott. Wabasha, Ramsey, Hennepin,
Goodhue, Sibley. Nicoiiet, Mcleod,
Renville, Swift, Chippewa, Kandiyohi,
Meeker, Wright, ChisagO, Isanti,
AnOka, Benton, Sherburne, StearnS,
Douglas, Pope, Grant, Stevens, Will
kin, Traverse, Otter Tail, Wadena,
Todd. Crow Wing, Morrison, Mile
Lacs and Kanabec. The annual pro-
ducton of these counties varies from
$4,000 in some to 100000 in others.
And the total output may De safely eS-
timated as being greater than any SINH
lar area that depends upon foreign mar