Telegram-herald., 1891-05-24
IDEAS OF HIS holiness
Advice by Pope Leo XIII Regard,
ing Social Questions.
he DEFENDS THE RIGHTS or LABOR
He Discusses the Relations Of Labor ana
Captxaa IN tiis I.eng Promised Eney-
skseaL-A Paper OF Great Lssgth
Aaa strength


church its position toward the ex-
isting social questions His holiness
refers te the pressing importance of
the matter and the difficulty IN dealing
with il arising from its complex
character. owing 10 the numerous
concurrent factors requiring eonsidera-
ton yet. he says. a solution can be OBJ
sain<d by applying the eternal prin-
eipies on which the teachings OF the
eharch are always based Now
as ever mems relations toward
each other a. individuals or parts
OF society must have the sane
tion Of the old authority. The divine
law deuteronomy vi. 2il rejects the
socialist solution OF the social problem,
which would abolish private property,
substituting collective and common
ownership. Proceeding to consider the
relations OF the state 10 the individual
the pope says:
TO think that the authority OF the state
ought arbitrarily 20 invade family intimacy Is
great and peraie.oGs error. Undoubtedly IL
eaa intervene when the condition Of the family
Is too disastrous. bat only 70 alleviate u and
20 safeguard ths rights and interests
riehts OF individuals. To go be-
ycad taess limits would violate tho
nafare OF thingS The state should not de-
str0y absorb paternal power 10 coneiliate
the rights Of the state. Of the capitals, and OF
the pToletariat We Afrrm nnhesitstingiy that
human EFFORTS are impotent without the con-
currenee Of The church"
A long Demonstration follows recalling all
that TIE church has done 20 better the lot Of
me rsro.e farfar The pcp<, saws.
a capital error IL TO believe that the rich
and the prolctnriat are condemned By nature
20 battle and duel without end The one has
need Of the other. Capital Is poweriess with
ont work and workmen are povericss without
capital. ne pro.etariat cannot and ought not
&C iniure either capital or master. But N order
~ OBTAIN respect for their rights they must alb
stain from violence. They ought not 70 have
recourse 20 sedlfion nor 10 listen 70 the chtmer-
ieal promises Of agitatorS
"Ou the other hand masters ought TO respect
The Individuality and dignity OF the man and
Christian IN vorkmen and not abuse them in
humanely In their work nor exploit them be-
ycnd their forces Let masters remember that
the Divine and the human law forbids them
20 draw PROFITS from the misery OF the poor
Bat besides the religious means 10 is neccs-
sary that there should be a cooperation OF
human means. The state ought to favor the
prosperity Of society as much a. Of individuals.
y.
Interior order Of families; the safe keeping OF
religion. justice and moderation. and the equal
division OF the pablic charges. oil Of which con-
tribute largely 10 the amelforation Of the con
ciflons OF the proIetsriar The larger this gea-
eral prosperity the Less VIII workers seek re-
course 70 exceptional means 90 smelio-ate their
conditions
zens as the rich. consequently Their have n
rfrhf fs.f tnfa al on "a ~ Of IA
sts.a. Governments should carefully observe
their OBJ cations IN the distribution OF justice.
Absolute equity. however IS n ehimera Social
hscrsrchies are based natural principles.
The state ought - see that all covenants re-
lated TO work are conscisntiously observed and
should oppose anything that might cause popu-
lar PASSIONS Yielding TO unhealthy excita-
tons would provoke trouble and vioieaee-
Small wages often give rise 20 strikes disas-
tfous not only 90 tee vorkmen and their mas
trrs but 20 the general interests OF commerce
and public Industry. Governments ought TO
prevcnt 40 explosion at these crises
The moral dignity. which Is equal among
tue poor and rich. exacts rcpose from work on
CERTAIN days. The stats ought 20 care for the
worxuen and not let them bsooms The prey Of
spectators and Insurers who seeking to
ahuss their weakness in order TO obtain ex-
elusive and dishonest profits mans work
should not go 30 such extent that he is
fatigue. Evsryboty's physical forces lin
ted and humanity torbids that they should be
sxceedsd.''
The pope attaches particular importance 70
working peoples associations. and says that
corporations useful in the past ought 20 be
adap.ed 70 present needs. These associations.
he adds, would better answer the ends for
which thcy we're formed n they we're composed
Of both wo-sman and their masters and THAR
action ougas 20 develop more and more
The POPE then expstiates on the sfvan
tages % liberty end the right OF combination.
40 iong a. these associations DO not present
any inconv-niences 70 public interests but in
surpressing associations the state ought
20 take precautions not 70 violate the
rights - individuals ard ought rot "a Nd
vance the excuse of public atslisy IS Q pre-
sert 20 abandon sousd political principles.
uhhappily IL often occurs tha. these associa-
tic1s are mails the puppets 81 virspnliers e-
plotting their poverty. II IL important 10
create counter associations - withdraw work
men from these sniast expressions.
The pope greatly praises their endsavcrins
90 better ths condition Of The proistariat, 10 es
tsbIfsh bopis ~ mutual equity between work
rsen and their masters. 20 maintain the septf
rnent % reciprocal Duties and 20 carnnss intern
psrance among ~orsmen HIS holines. says:
1--WE see WITH great satisfaction eminent
ren' uniting ard working IN common 70 al
sne fsvcr ~ cooperation WITH working hours.
~hacn shout be intercepted BY . period Of
rares~. VARYING scccssiina 30 conditions Of
time. place. paolic health ami the nature Of the
xrrh
me question q wages IL psrticrssrly deit
cate. Jaetice exscts Inst an agreed salary
shoslla bc paid ~ the same tire agreements
entsred iato by ~orknss cusst - se respected
The state should see tass these reciprocal eeli
satfcns are exeeszed An element ~ the ev-s
ficn = tfst the workman ought 20 ~ shle With
nls salsry - provide ths necessities ~ Iife
Ia al these questions = = essential thst
state representatives shnnid not interviews IN
tsussaersselg 7. vii sufice IN reserve exsn-
rstiuu ~ these prints - the Judgment ~ 1850
ssaroas IN ersfer - safeguard sss interests ~
fefh employers ard employed. The sut4lass
ant authority ~ che state engnt - intervene
enlr a. much a. xenersi interests demand A
graft sc<ssl ~fvantsx- hes m tsvs Watch
favor q rarietrsafty a properties These are
NE ee<s means 80 prevent opposition between
exsrera. rsches sna -r1rerre poverty bet II -
also nscessary that ne properties shall act -
evrrsaxed The state ocmmits 80 triasriee m
unfts. sxseffors ram i16ivitsusis Tssfsta-
sIsus tor ssasnx fhs peer sni fscfliss.sss q
rossrfifssfc. N@swe~r ne vsr,ous <rctsi ets<>es
ar specially asrfoi n ee.aininz desirable -
eult<~
Eclic~t,s ,Ass sfe> re p~p- sssr psr.scalsr.
n rneafsrrs ss<ecfsticns fe- mutual sscecr and
institutions for Insurance :, case e seciarrt<
,sl,kness. ana ssass. and he protsstton - ch5-
arss. aaa ssrsssAsAs sesas<s saiidrsa- "a saaes