The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1891-05-23

CAPITAL POWERLESS WITHOUT La
Dor, AND VICE VERSA.
Opinions of Two Eminent Men on the
Worlds Finances-Desperate Coll
nsion Between Party of workmen
and Police in BerIin-New Cabinet
in Portugal-A Terrific storm Passes
Over. Paris
Special to the RrcoRp.Ux1ox.

Special TO the RECoRD-UNIoN.
ROME, May 22.-The full text of the
Pope's encyclical on the social ques. on
has appeared. The following extracts
are taken from it:
The Pope sets forth that the divine law
rejects the socialist solution of the social
problem, which would abolish private
property, substituting collective and
common ownership. Now, as ever,
mems relations toward each other as in
dividuals, or parts OF society. must have
the sanction of the old authority.
Considering the relations of the State
to individuals. the Pope says: $40 think
that the authority of the State ought to
arbitrarily invade the family interest is q
perniclous error. Undoubtedly it can
intervene when the condition of the
family is too disastrous, but only to allie
viate it. and as the safeguard of the rights
and interest of public power, without
violating any rights of the individual.
We affirm unheSitatingly that human
efforts are impotent without the concur
renee of the church,
A long demonstration follows, reciting
all the church has done to better the lot Of
the prOletariat. The Pope saws capital is
powerless without work, and vice versa.
The proletariat cannot and ought not
to inJure either capital or master To
obtain the respect of their rights, they
must abstain from violence. They ought
not to have recourse to sedition. nor
listen to the chimerical promises of api-
tators. On the other hand, the master
ought to respect the individuality and
dignity OF the men and the Christian in
workmen, and not abuse them inhumanly
III their work nor exploit them beyond
their force.
The State ought to watch over the purity
of morals, and under order of the fami-
lies safe keeping of religion, justice and
moderation and equal division of public
charges. The larger the general pros
perity the less will the workers seek re-
course to exceptional means to ameliorate
their condition. The State ought to see
that covenants relating to work are con-
scientiously observed, and oppose any
thing that might cause popular passions.
Small wages often give rise to strikes
masters, but to general commerce and
public industry. The Government ought
TO prevent an explosion at this crisis.
The State ought not to let the workmen
become the prey of spectators and
usurers. A mans work should not 90 to
such an extent that he is forced to sue
cumb under excess of bodily fatigue
Consequently eXpediency is shown in a
certain limitation of working hours.
The question of wages is delicate. The
State should see that agreements entered
into by workmen are respected The
element of the question is that the
workmen ought to be able with the
salary to provide the necessities of
life. Great social advantages lie in the
laws which favor multiplicity of prop
critics. These are the best means to pre-
vent opposition between extreme riches
and extreme poverty, but it is also
necessary that properties shall not be
overtaXed.
Institutions for aiding the poor and
facilitating Cancellation between the
various social classes are especially use
full in obtaining desirable results. The
Pope particularly mentions associations
for mutual succor, and institutions for in
surance in case of accident, sickness and
death, and the protection of children and
girls. He attaches particular importance
to the working peoples associations, ex-
plates on the advantages of liberty and
right Of combinations as long as these
associations do not present any incon-
venience to public interests.
The Pope greatly praises those endeav-
oring to better the condition of the pro-
letariat, to establish bonds of mutual
equity between the workmen and mas
ters, to maintain sentiment of reciprocal
duties, and combat intemperance among
workmen.