The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1891-05-21
THE DUTCH PORK.
BY Dr. O. e. MAYER, SR.
NO. 4.

NO. 4.
3 at thy command,
Again the crumbled halls shall rise;
Lo, as Oh Evans bank we stand,
The past returns-the present flies.
CADyow CASTLE.
Once more. l receive help from
Mills Statistics, on page $50. When
Charles, the Second, was restored to
the throne of England, in 1860, be, a
few years after his restoration, granted
all the lands in South Carolina, ob-
tained by treaty from the Indians, to
eight noblemen, namely, Edward, Earl
of Clarendon; George, Duke of Albe-
mari; William, Lord Craven; John
Lord Berkeley; Anthony, Lord Ashley;
Sir George Carteret; Sir William Berke-
ly; aud SIR John Colleton. They were
known as Lords Proprietors. The
memory of four of these nen is perpet-
uated in the names of certain places IN
South Carolina, as it can be easily per-
ceived. They resided most of their
time in England; and sent to Charles
ton their agents, under the titles OF
Proprietary Governors, whose duties
were to sell tracts of land to the settlers,
securing their ownership to the same
by proper writings, and as the chief
executive officers to manage the affairs
of the new province. This state Of
things lasted about forty nine years,
when s'the Lords Proprietors relin-
qu;shed their rights and interest IN the
government and soil of the province to
the king" This was in 17l9, and the
King of England at that time was
George l. From this period to the be-
ginning of the Revolutionary War the
agents for continuing these business
transactions between the crown and
the rapidly aecumulating settlers,-as
we'll as for governing the affairs Of the
established citizens, were known as the
Royal Governors. AS far backas the
times Observation-Disclosures near
the close, however, of their administra-
tion,-the settlers had been demanding
supplies, of cattle for the purpose of
breeding. The Proprietors objected to
this,-having already expended elS,-
900 (nearly S90,000) for that purpose
and were desirous that the settlers
should begin to depend upon their own
exertions. They therefore gave as
reason for refusing the demand, "that
they wished to encourage planters, but
not graziers."
The face of the country between the
Saluda and Broad River presented
originally very much the same appear
ance all the way through distance Of
about forty miles, beginning at the
line between Newberry County and
Laurens County. In O'NealPs Annals,
the face Of the country is most graphi-
cally described by one Samuel Kelly
who is remembered to have said in
1852 that, I'm the spring Of the year it
was the most beautiful scene his eyes
ever beheld. The open woods presented
no obstruction to the view. The hills
and wales were covered with pea-vine
and maiden cane; the former in bloom
made it look like e garden" Such pro-
ductions growing without cultivation
naturally directed the attention Of first
settlers to grazing. There are no longer
any traces of the wild sweet pea ap-
pearing even in patches, as is the case
with the maiden cane," which can yet
be found often in considerable extent,
sometimes halfway up the hillsides.
This inducement through such rich
natural pasturage to raise. cattle would
probably have retarded the develop
mept of the agricultural treasures hid
den under the roots Of the oaks, the
hickories, and the poplars. 1t was
about the middle Of the reign of George
II, when John Adam Summer selected
for his future homestead the spot al
ready described, located not far from
the Saluda mountain. Nearly fifty
wears before his arrival, the settlers in
the lower part of the State had been re-
fused, as has been stated, the supplies
of cattle necessary to their pursuit OF
the pastoral occupation to which the
luxuriant native grasses were so invit-
ing: and under the impossibility Of
being graziers and the alternative of
becoming farmers, the onslaught upon
the forests had begun in full vigor.
There can be 10 doubt that the set
tlement of Germans between the Saluda
and Broad River grew very fast. 1t
was rot long after the current of immi-
grafton was started in that direction,
before one neighbor could visit another
along a short foot-path, and the curling
smoke could be seen from cottage to
cottage. To procure meat was matter
of sport. Only few hours stroll, in
the way of amusement, was required
for supplying S household with veni-
son for week, and the deer's forehead
Win u!S dutlSlS otI1NAeo was AolIeo
above every door; at the same time that
the buckskin breeches formed part of
the paternal Sunday suit. Bread,
however, was the great desideratum.
Therefore the soil must be laid bare for
tillage, and thus the blacksmith-the
modern Tubal cain-became "a man of
might"
.Bv the fierce red light Of his furnace bright,
The strokes Of his hammer rung;
And he lifted high his brawny hand
ON the iron glowing clear,'
to shape the keen edged axe Now the
forests begin 70 ring with the strokes
that fell their stoutest trees, whose
trunks the wooden maui and the iron
,radoe ren6 into rails for incloSiup the