davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
CALIFORNIA; FIRST PAPER.
Sheet That Must Have Been a Curios-
ity Even in the Early Days of 1876.

Gardiner O. Cotton writes to New York
p,per apropos of the suspension of The
! tia California of San Francisco, concern.
lug the origin of that paper, which was u
little sheet issued in Monterey by his
brother, the Rev. Walter Cotton, then
chaplain in the United States service. He
quotes from his brothers 'Three Years in
California" now rare book:
Saturday, July Is, 1916. Today the first
newspaper ever published in California
made its appearance. The honor if such
it be, of writing its prospectus fell to me.
1t is to be issued every Saturday, and is
published by Semple & Cotton. Ny part
ner is an emigrant from Kentucky, who
stands feet s inches in his stockings.
He is in buckskin dress, foxskin cap, is
true with his rife, ready with his pen and
quick at the type case. He created the
material of our Office out of chaos of a
small concern which had been used by a
Roman Catholic monk in printing few
sectarian tracts.
1.-THE press was old enough to be pre-
served as a curiosity; the mice had bur
rowed in the balls; there were no rules, no
leads, and the types were rusty and in pi.
1t was only by securing that the letters
could be made to show their faces. A sheet
or two of tin was procured, and these, with
jackknife, were cut into rules and leads.
Luckily we found with the press the great
er part of key of ink, and now came the
main scratch for paper. None could be
found except what is used to envelope the
tobacco of the cigar smoked here by the
natives.
"a coaster had small supply of this on
board, which we procured. 1t is in sheets
little larger than the common sized fools
cap. And this is the size Of our first paper,
which we nave christened The Californ an.
Though very small in dimensions, our first
number is as full of news as black wal
nut is of meat. We have received by couri-
ers during the week intelligence from all
the important military posts through the
territory Very little of this has trans
pired. 1t reaches the public for the first
time through our sheet.
1--WE have also the declaration of war be-
tween the United States and Mexico, with
an abstract of the debate in the senate. A
crowd was waiting when the first sheet
was thrown from the press. 1t produced
quite little sensation. Never was bank
run upon harder, not however, by people
with paper to get specie, but exactly the
reverse. Oue-half of the paper is in Eng
lsh, the other in Spanish. The subscrip-
ton for year is 50; the price for a single
sheet is 1215 cents, and is considered cheap
at that u
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02

as spruce may be cut once in seven
years the lands have been kept
closed to settlers. The men employed by
the land owners to cut the timber are
French Canadians. These French Cana
dams squatted great many years ago in
the valley of the St. John, cleared little
patches of ground and built cabins. The
convenient to have their workmen on the
ground. These settlements, called the
Madawoska settlements of Maine, have
grown to be thriving villages, and
the land upon which the squat,
tiers settled has grown valuable. The nom
resident landowners have discovered the
fact, and have demanded of the occupiers
of the land so large sums in payment for
the land that there is nothing for them to
do but vacate their homes. Last winter the
legislature appropriated $4,000 to buy the
land of the owners and settle the troubles,
but the landowners are obdurate in
their demands for more than the
original value of the lands.
Ignorant Canadians unacquainted with the
situation of affairs, continue to squat on the
back lots. but the young men of the COM
munities are leaving. The squatters tell
tales of cruelty on the part of the evicters
which are almost incredible. Here is one
which, however, is well authenticated:
A squatter named Pierce lived with his
family on the Caribou river. He had re-
fused to obey notice to quit. As he was
at work in his field he was seized by party
of landowners, handcuffed and tied to a
wagon. His wife, who was Sick was car
ried from his cabin on her bed. His chill
dren were evicted and the cabin was burned
down before the eyes of the helpless family.
Pierce was carried off and lodged in jail.
The excitement among the squatterS is very
great and trouble is expected.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02

ing that his objects were purely scientific
and literary. and asking permission to en-
ter the country. Three days later the
chief of BouloeHauwer returned reply,
written on bamboo, granting the strangers
request and placing him under protection
of native nobleman, who was directed to
act as his guide.
The journey along the mountain passes
was both perilous and interesting. Cliffs
had to be scaled, jungles were traversed
and pestilential ponds were crossed by
pathways concealed beneath the water.
Claine's comrade ever and anon pointed
out some dangerous labyrinth or beetling
precipice with the uniform remark: "At
that spot we ambushed such and such an
enemy. Not one of the invaders was left
alive"
AT last they reached great plain dotted
with groves of trees, and showing signs of
prosperity and cultivation. But even in
their Businesses the vigilance of the Bataks
allowed no relaxation. 1.-THE approach to
q town." says NJ. elaine. ais even more
difficult than traversing the mountain
pass. Each village is built on a small
island formed by the different channels of
a deep river, now partially dry, leaving
precipitous banks which defend the place
like q moat 1t can be entered only by
winding artificial paths, often by dark
tunnels, and by a labyrinth of stockaded
passages, with gates and with chevaux de
frise of sharpened bamboo points. But at
last l got inside the 'kampong' and was
surrounded by the whole population, eager
to see the stranger. Mats were spread on
the ground and sort of rude armchair
was placed for my seat, while the natives
squatted on the mats. The chief babe me
welcome, and felt quite at ease with my
Batak hosts"
The people are tall. brown skinned, have
long black hair, dark eyes and prominent
cheek bones. They are skillful metal
workers and excel in the making of steel
weapons and jewelry of gold and silver
Crime is rarity among them and the
death penalty is never inflicted. Their
elections take place at stated intervals.
The heads Of families choose the village
chief or mayor, and the mayors elect the
sibrayac or president of the nation. The
Bataks number about 10000 people. They
believe in the Immortality of the soul, but
tolerate no priesthood, and their religious
rites are very simple.
NJ elaine took back to Europe a mag
niicent collection of photographs, weap-
ons, utensils, ornaments and articles Of
dress. He also secured some manuscript
books Of great value. which contain the
historical records of this valorous and self
isolated race.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
Strong Bow of Brooklyn Beaten.

NEW York, Nov IA fight with four
ounce gloves between Peter Maher, the
Irish wonder, and Jack F'allon, the strong
boy of Brooklyn, came off at Nichols gar
den Yesterday. Billy Madden acted as
master of ceremonies and Inspector Will
liams in civilian dress was behind the
wings to see that order was preserved. A
harp of roses was presented to Fallon and
he was accorded magnificent welcome.
First round-Maher made two points in
quick succession, and bounded around the
stage with colts agility. Fallon followed
him. Maher made quick turn and dealt
Fallon right-hander on the jaw. The
Brooklyn man aroused, landed his right on
the chest of the Hibernian. A clinch fol-
lowed, during which the 1rishman dealt
Fallon couple of severe blows in the face.
Considerable tame sparring followed, but
toward the end of the round some good
boxing was witnessed, Maher demonstrate
ing his superiority. The combatants were
clinched when the allotted three minutes
had expired.
Second roundabout came up confident.
Maher dealt Fallon savage cut on the chin
and chased him to the corner. Presently
they were in the center of the stage fighting
vigorously. Slashing and feinting followed
for some seconds. Fallon began to weaken,
but seeing defeat before him he grew saw
age. He rushed at Maher, and in his effort
to reach his nose the Irish wonder dealt
Fallon terrific Highlander on the cheek,
which staggered him. Fallon clinched to
save himself, and in pushing him off Maher
landed another blow on his face, knocking
him down in heap.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
TO HASTEN CONSTRUCTION.
Work on Worlds Fair Buildings to be
Vigorously Prosecutor.

CHICAGO, ILL, Nov. 1.-The chief of con-
struction of the Worlds fair has ordered
the contractors who are constructing
the Worlds fair building TO double
the force of men employed on
the buildings. The chief of con-
struction made the order imperative and
said that they would have to work two
shifts of men eight hours each or make six
teen hours constitute days work.
The necessity Of haste has been apparent
for some time to number of Worlds fair
officials. Some weeks ago exposition Off
GERS visited the grounds and discovered
that on the electricity building, over seven
hundred feet long and nearly three hundred
feet wide, there were but forty-seven men
employed. On the manufacturers build
ing, which is 1890 feet long and 700 feet
wide, not more than twice that number OF
men were az work. Throughout the
grounds o similar ratio of workmeu
to the size of the building pre-
vailed. Since that time there has
been a careful survey of what has been
going on, and it was decided that
the contractors would have to increase
their working forces 100 per cent. The
buildings actively under way and on which
visible progress has been made are the
mines and mining, electricity, manufact-
ures, administration, women',s horticult-
ural and transportation.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
ANTIQUITY OF THE TELEPHONE.
The Instrument Was Used 5000 Years Ago
BY Hindoo Priests.

English travellers and officers in India
who have managed, through favoritism
with the priests, to gain access to some
of the half-ruined temples of PAM,
city about 200 miles from Madras, have
learned that the principles of the telephone
have been known in that country for thou
sands of years, says the ST. Louis Republic.
In the city of PAM there are two temples,
about mile apart. In the interior on the
ground floor of each there is a small circu-
lar room guarded day and night from
natives as well as strangers. These rooms
are supposed to be the abiding places of
governing spirits,'' but in reality are the
termini of telephone line which is laid
underground from one building to the
other.
The superstitious natives regard these
little circular rooms with the greatest
awe, because they have had demon
strated to them on various occasions
the power of these governing spirits"
to communicate with the other temple.
When this miracle is b ing performed
the native are required to make
their offerings in one building and
make known their wishes and desires.
Then, upon Immediately repairing to the
other temple, they are informed of all they
have said and done. To US that is all easy
enough, but to the superstitious natives of
India it is proof that the priests are super
natural beings.
Those who have visited these telephone
connected temples say that the transmitters
are of wood, and that they are about the size
of the head of a -four barrel The wire is
said to be of neither steel, copper nor brass,
but of a substance closely resembling the
latter metal Old worm-eaten transmitters,
said to be 1900 years old, have been shown
those fortunate enough to gain admission
to these temples.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
WHAT is INSIDE OF THE EARTH2
The Question as Affected by What is Known
of the Interior Heat.
Goldthwaite's Geographical Magazine.

Goldthwaite's Geographical Magazine.
Many scientific men are devoting their
lives to finding out all that can be learned
about the interior of this wonderful globe
of ours. One of the interesting problems
on which they are engaged is the depth and
geological limits OF the permanently frozen
soil The British association has collected
large amount of data on this question.
1t has already told US some curious things,
such as the fact that excellent wheat lands
north of Manitoba overlie frozen earth that
never thaws.
Some biologists find strata OF rock that
they are able to show must have been
buried at remote age 10000 feet under the
surface These upturned edges of rock,
which some terrible CONFUSION lifted 10
the air, give Us glimpse OF the
condition of the interior some way
below the greatest depth to which
we can attain. The worllmen in
the deepest mines in Europe swelter in
almost intOlerable heat and yet they have
never penetrated over one seyen-thousandth
part of the distance from the surface to the
center of the earth. In the lower levels OF
some OF the COmStock mines the men fought
scalding water, and could labor only three
or four hours at time, until the Sutro
tunnel pierced the mines and drew of some
of the terrible heat, which has been l2O
degrees.
The deepest boring ever made-that at
Sperenberg, near Berlin-penetrates only
5tl2 feet, about 1000 feet deeper than the
famous artesian well at st. Louis. The re-
suit of this imperfect knowledge is that
there are more theories and disputes among
scientific men with regard to the interior of
the earth than any other problem OF phys
zeal science. Some eminent physicists, for
instance like Sir William Thompson, have
believed that the crust of the earth is at
least 100 miles thick. The majority adduce
good reasons for believing that the crust Is
only from twenty-five to fifty miles thick.
All agree that the temperature within the
earth continues to increase as it does near
the surface-at the rate of ! deg. Fahren-
heit for about every ffty-five feet of de-
scent. All igneous rocks must be fused 1t
no great depth.
In fact, at this rate of increase the tenn
perature at 200 miles is IS 900 deg. Fahreu-
heit, which is Professor Rosetti's estimate
of the probable temperature of the sun. 1t is
impossible, however. that this rate OF in
crease is maintained for great distance, and
many physicists believe that at some I'M
known but not vsry great depth the in
crease in temperature ceases. One of the
most wonderful things in the study OF
science is the fact that the mysteries of
one science are sometimes completely or
partly explained by knowledge cleaned in
some other department of study. It's thus
that the natUralsts who have investigated
the fauna and fora of scores of Pacific
islands have learned how far south Asia.ic
types prevail, and have added great weight
to the conclusions of biologists that these
islands were once a part of the big CONT
nent north of them.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
Reservinc Seats ON Trains.

1--WE read good deal about the hog as
he is called, on railway trains" remarked
an old traveller, "but there is one thing
that | have noticed in my journeys that
seems to me to deserve more attention than
it receives. That is the regard that travel
ers show for the rights of others. never
go on trip that | fail to notice it. 1t is
the universal custom to recognize the right
of person to seat if he or she has pre-
empted it by leaving valise or other prop
erty in it to indicate that it has been re-
served, so to speak. In all my experience
l never saw any one seize upon such piece
Of baggage and eject it, and then sit down
and occupy the seat. That seems to me
to be really remarkable.
"And then how rarely does 1t happen
that passenger loses any baggage that he
may have left unguarded in a seat. A man
may go into the smoking car and may re-
main an hour or more, and on his return
he will find his property intact. AT sta
lions where there are eating houses pas
sengers get out by the score, reserving theiI
seats with bags, overcoats, books, maya
zines, ETC., and on coming back will find
everything undisturbed. This regard for
others rights is one of the characteristics
of American travellers that ought to be en-
phasized. have seen numerous specimens
OF the genus hog and nobody can be more
disguised than | at the exhibitions they
make; but over against them like to set
the other quality of which l have spoken.
There is good bit of unselfishness in this
world, after all"-New York TribpQarpee.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
Subscribssspsg NeekIy GAZETTE
A Telegraphic Elunder.

ST was victim yesterday" said Wall
street man, "of inefficient telegraph opera
tors. Because of their blunders my wife
was angry at me for the first time, and
couldn't blame her. sent her telegram
in the afternoon telling her l was going to
dine with friend. 1t was Q o'clock when
l got home. My wife met me at the door.
l saw at once that something was up. She
handed me a telegram and asked in chill
ly sort of way, "W nat is the meaning OF
thiss"
81 said, why, my dear, what's wrongi
That is probably the message sent you
SIT iss' she answered. Please ex-
plain it.
81 read it. To my establishment it said,
Shall dine with Kitty Smith, an old gal of
mine, who has just returned from Europe.
Will be late. Don't wait for me-
"rI wouldn't wait for the best man that
ever lived said my wife. and she began to
cry.
II realized at once what had happened.
and laughed, couldn't help it
"'Why,'I said, this message has been
botched. wrote no such stuff as that
"'What did you write thenT she asked.
Then l told her that what had really
written was: Shall dine with Billy Smith,
an old pal of mine, who has just returned
from Europe. Will be late. Don't wait
for me- Those internal operators had
butchered it. My wife was satisfied; but
after this shall endeavor to write palmer,
and shall certainly avoid the use or slang
words.-New York Herald.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
THE BALLOTS READY.
An Enormous Number of them Distributed
in New York

in New York
NEW Your, Nov. If all the official bal
lots printed at public expense for use at the
election Tuesday were pasted in line with
the names of candidates it would stretch
over fifty miles These ballots are all
printed Saturday night they were de-
livered to the various police station houses,
from which they will be distributed to the
polling places. The printing was done by
Martin 3. Brown, and it required large
force of printers and pressmen working
day and night for seven days to do
the work. Eight presses have been
at work since last Saturday
night, running off the ballots and
constantly employed collecting the printed
sheets. There are SS7 election districts in
the city and each district must be fur
nished with 700 ballots of each ticket. that
is 700 each tor Tammany, Republican,
County Democracy, Voorhees, Democ-
racy, Socialist, Labor, Prohibition,
and where there are independent
nomination for any Office containing 700 the
independents name must also be furnished.
BY yesterday morning one-half of the bal
lots had already been distributed to the
various police stations They are sent in
neat pasteboard boxes, 700 in each box. On
the bottom of these boxes, which are bound
with red tape and sealed according to
the statute, there is sample ticket of those
in the box On the front is the indorse-
ment, election district, assembly district,
precinct It is simple arrangement, but
the greatest care has to be used by the girls
to avoid mistakes. These girls are not chill
dren, but sensible young women selected
especially for their good sense and careful
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
Agriculture and Protection.

The report of the ways and means COM
mittee on the Mckinley bill referred to the
great depression then existing in agricul-
tural industries, and attributed it to
most damaging competition in
our home market So far as the
South or West are concerned there
has been no competition from abroad with
their products, damaging or otherwise. In
the recent changes in the tariff on articles
raised by the farmers, no relief can be de-
serted The very fact Of imposing duties
on agriculture. products, ought to meet
with condemnation by protectionists who
desire to aid agriculture, for protection
lists continually assert that the plac-
ing Of protective tariffs on an article stimu-
Iates its protection and thus reduces its
price. The very doctrine of Mckinley and
his followers condemns itself If tariffs
bring down the price of all articles upon
which they operate, as protectionists claim,
why impose them upon agricultural prod
ucts, which are already too low for profit
able productionf
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02

haltotasc any that came along and edu-
c.e them up 10 the business. | was
obliged 90 nave work done in New York,
Philadelphia and wherever could in order
tuEet tarpaQer ont on time. When Jenny
Lin. W., in this country and Barnum was
al aa height Of his fame, got out special
e.u.H To- bronze out of friendliness TO Bar
tlr with whom | WAS intimately &C
g7J.'eL got twelve cents copy for
ils special edition. The regular price was
tea cents
Tn selling my business to Ballou I
f'gli myself not TO engage in the pub
"slns business for period of fifteen
.aa7s, l..,yu- however, in buying the
Plant WIS obliged to mortgage everything
.--t rs, 10 me. Fcur years afterward
ne failed. and was compelled to enter the
40 Ballou rad changed the name
o: Tie Pictorial TO Ballou's as soon az he
go'Ts,..-.sn. He also began at once to
t'e an .yrior grade OF cuts. The circu-
.si..n, IN consequence, fell off rapidly.
us, Def Ee he failed he suspended publ
Cation urriy.
Al tLe time I sold to Ballou the Har-
leTs Wegf publishing their Weekly Jour
's. % Civilization without cuts; but rs
''aas sold they commenced using illus
::ai'0-s. iAey were followed by Frank
,,'.s Both built up their business on
- laismanagement.
~ Wien ] commenced the publication of
ar l.r'.-ial, | determined that it should
y PAPER OF fact not of fancy, as most of
s,-'-'r7nA.s Of today are. If there was
Is's.gr in n..iucean, l did not have my
%''s'' on the spotl Ny artists and en-
s''erS We're paid according to their abil-
~, '5asel uently they did their best. In
.N' '-e artists Of the United States pre-
ss7.et NE with solid silver service val
@T' d. several thousand dollars"
u IS" Frederick Gleason was rich,
f,'> s-aus, h9no-ed, and his name was a
''.- word throughout the country.
- '-al forty years later he is ruined,
zen, .een.e, well nigh forgotten old
.-. t1aa1.y occupying quarters in an in
luton Tor which in his prosperous days
~ L'sfi nave written a check covering its
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
A Bright Retort.
Youths Companion.

It is said of certain literary woman that
she is never n. a loss for reply, and
never misses an opportunity to say bright
thing.
One day friend was describing to her a
noted artist, about whom her curiosity had
been greatly aroused, but whom she had
never seen.
ITO begin WITH remarked the friend,
she has a perfect Niagara of forehead"
..Whata'' said the other. "Do you mean
to tell me the poor man has cataract over
both eyeS?n
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-11-02
JEALOUS OF THEIR FREEDOM.

The Remarkable Republic Existing In
the Interior of Sumatra.
One Of the most romantic and interesting
tales of travel recently given to the public
is that Of NJ Jules elaine Frenchman
thirty-ive years of age, who has spent some
months in the island of Sumatra He is
the first European to form the acquaintance
Of the Independent Batak-Karo tribes,
which occupy vast lakeland back from
the coast.
The Bataks are banded together like the
states of a republic. They have laws, liter
ature and stable government. They also
have common sense, and to avoid "annex-