davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12

A Society TOR the Study OF the Flora
of France has been instituted.
Military barracks of iron plates have
been tried in Alsace Lorraine, but have
proven intensely hot in summer and
unendurabIy cold in winter.
At Chalais, France, Commander
Renard has been preparing oxygen and
hydrogen on a commercial scale by
the ~electrolysis of water. He has sub
stituted electrodes of cast iron for
those Of platinum, and estimates that
the.total cost Of the gases, compressed
in'steel bottles, may on a large scale be
reduced to not more than from 50. 90 to
So. As per 1000 cubic feet.
FISH Poison. -Ice-preserved fish
from the London markets, according
to a German authority, have been
found to be most dangerous when kept
in immediate contact with the ice, nc
i'll effects having been observed from
eating the other fish. The harmful
ness is attributed to the impurities
frozen into the ice, which promote the
formation of the animal alkaloids
known as fish poison.
A Brussels m~eteorolOgist, A. Ian
caster, has studied the weather. records
Of this century in the hope of gaining
some clue to future weather. He finds
that the summer following a severe
winter has almost always been cold,
and never very hot. His comparisons
lead him to conclude that there is great
probability that the coming summer
will be cold, especially during June
and July, and that it will also be
wet.
TRAVEL OF THUNDERsTORMs.-The
rate of travel Of thunderstOrms has
been studied by Herr Schonrock from
the records of 1877 such storms in Russia
in 1888. The velocity is found to have
varied from 10 to so miles an hour,
with a mean of 49, miles, diminishing
to % miles in the hot season and in
creasing to 80 miles in the cold season.
It was least in the early morning, in
creasing to a maximum between 9 and
| 10 p. m. The thunderstorms Travelled
most quickly from southwest, west and
northwest.
RAIN AND DRAIN GAUGES AT ROTHAM-
sTED.-The largest rain gauge. made is
Probably that used by Sir J. B. Lawes
and DR.. J. H. Gilbert at their expert
mental farm at Rothamsted. It's area is
| one-thousandth of one acre. The fun
mel is of wood lined with lead, the
upper edge being a vertical rim OF
plate glass bevelled outward. A tube
| conducts the water in turn into four
iron cylinders and finally into an iron
tank, each Of the cylinders being pro
vided with a infinitely divided gauge
tube and holding rain corresponding
to one-half inch of fall, and the tank
containg an amount equivalent to two
inches of fall. At this famous farm
are also used three drain gauges, each
one-thOusandth of an acre ! area.
They show the amount and the com
position of the water percOlating re-
spectively through 90, 40 and so inches
of soil. Observations with these instru-
ments for the 20 harvest years ending
August 81, 1890, give the following
results: Mean annual rainfall, 1923
inches. Drainage through 20 inches
of uncropped soil, Il. % inches; through
40 inches, $40; and through 60 inches,
1851 inches. The difference between
the p~ercolation and the total rainfall
shows approximately the evaporation
above each depth.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12
Poetry
THE FARMER U RULE.

DIR PRESIDENT 1895, L.. L. PoLK-THE FARMER
Mountains clad with stately trees,
Lakes that watt a lovely breeze,
Oceans, rivers, CULTS and seas,
Make our prospects warmer.
Help US pitch the chorus higher,
Give us cloven tongues of ire,
Sounding an immortal Tyre"
With praise of Polk, the farmer!
Harkl We come; our millions c6me,
Loud we sound ~cOrruptiOn's doom;
Give the farms great workers room.
Make the White House warmer.
by the love IF liberty,
Blythe hope of country free,
BY the past dread memory"
We will choose a farmer!
Starving workmen! full of years,
Mothers! filed with constant fears,
Infants hungry cries and tears!
Make our hearts still warmer.
Generous impulse fills our soul,
Love, our actions will control,
Good for all the only goal,
When we elect q farmer!
Warriors glory must contain,
Orphans cries and terrOr'S reign,
Pillow we not through blood of slain,
Poor mans rights seem warmer.
Give to all the good we find,
EduCa the human mind,
Love and labor there combined,
Make up Polk, the farmer!
Le!the poor enslaved again,
White men bound with CALLING chain,
Wipe, O.! wipe away the stain,
Treat your fellows warmer.
See his farms extended wide,
Calming passions that divide,
Calling labor to his side,
such is Polk, the farmer!
Trust his love, and tears will gush,
See our busy millions rush,
Hear the voice of wailing hush,
Friends, he greetS YOU warmer.
Bursts of JOY will rand the land,
Mountain, valley, sea-beat strand,
Shouts of praise each labOring band,
Gives to Polk, the farmer.
by our country's natal morn,
By our kindred, tattered, torn"
BY the Gods, now be it worn,
our cause is growing warmer.
By the hope we've cherished long,
By the ties of country strong,
With our mighty surging thrOng,
We will choose 8 farmer.
HARMON HIATT.
Charlottesville, Ind. ~
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12

IN sufficient number to hold in check
the two indigenous race. French agri-
culture is In want of strong arms, and
we cannot spare those which remain.
The desertion of the country to the
profit Of the great centres of population
IS a manifest fact, and we cannot en-
courage this movement for the profit
of Algeria.
10 lessen in that country a military
occupation, which is a burden, we
must seek on the soil itself cultivators
of the land, and attach them to us in
numbers sufficient to oppose the Arabs.
w should attract the Kabyles by re
minding them by their own history,
and making them understand that we
are their liberators. In, this way we
shall induce them to remove from their
mountains to the fertile plains of which
they were formerly the proprietors.
We have built villages for the Arabs
and they have put their cattle in the
houses for the Kabyles, they, and not
their cattle, will dwell in them. Re-
called to fertile regions, protected
against the Arabs like the Europeans,
and treated like the latter, the Kabyles
will become, if not through gratitude,
at least through interest, our most
attached colOnIsts. There will be q
million of men from whom we shall
have nothing to fear, and who by
degrees will fuse with the 800, 900 Euro
peans who have gone to Algiers to
stay.
The Kabyle element will be equally
useful to enable us to penetrate further
towards the South and to bind together
the GASES of the Sahara, and thus
prevent the rapine and crimes of that
other tribe, the Touaregs, who have
assassinated several of our most valiant
explorers.
1t is certain that if we want to do
anything on the Sahara, the first thing
to do is to occupy it. The temporary
eojOurn of one Or several caravans
who may traverse it will never have
the effect of a permanent establish
ment. When the people of the
Sahara see France planting her
self there, founding centres of
population, creating new GASES, con-
~structing buildings, causing water to
come to the surface by ~artesian wells,
and the routes of the desert between
our new colony and Algeria marked
out by electric telegraph poles and the
pickets Of the railway to be built, they
will see that the hour has come for the
| old Sahara to receive civilization from
the powerful and pacific hand of
France.
These people of Sahara will of their
own accord present themselves before
us, Struck with surprise and admira-
ton of the great things they will see,
they will soon understand the absur-
dity of a resistance in which they will
be inevitably beaten, and the immense
advantages of co operation in a work
of which they will be the first benefi-
Charles, and which will assure them a
future of prosperity and well-being, in
place of the misery, the sufferings and
the ap-hazard existence of the old
days.
And then the trans-Saharian railway
will be built and built quickly.-Dr.
Neyners d'Estrey, Journal DIES EconOm-
Estes, Paris, February.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12

The Message of Christianity to the
World on these Problems-The
Christ and His Followers-Why we
Should Support the Movement
Seven Reasons.
Pulpit Review of Current Events by Rev. Thos.
Dixon, Jr., for Sunday. April %, 1891.
Rev. Thomas Dixon, Jr., preceded
his sermon this morning by the follow
ing review of current>events:
Organized labor is now in the throes
Of a worldwide struggle for an eight
hour standard of a legal days work.
It is a movement of vast moral import.
1t is one of the wOrld-movements of
the century. 1t embOdies one Of the
grand ideas that give character TO the
nineteenth century in the catalogue
of c~enturies-the upward movement of
the whole mass of society. The leaven
placed at the bottom of this social
mass by Jesus Christ is now ~leavening
the whole lump.
CHRIsT'S MISSIONS.
The first sermon preached by Christ
in which He proclaimed on earth His
divine mission reads thus:
1.-The spirit of the Lord is upon me,
because he hath anOinted me to preach
good tidings to the poor. He hath
sent me to proclaim release to the cap
tives, and the recovering of sight to
the blind, to set at liberty them that
are bruised, to proclaim the acceptable
year of the Lord"
Down through the ages these won
derful words have echoed. They have
changed the character of literature
from fawning on riches and power,
until every pen and press must throb
in sympathy with the once neglected
and ever suffering masses of humanity.
THE REVOLUTION OF THOUGHT.
Literature once rolled in the dirt be-
fore the titled and the rich and gladly
~ate the bread of a cOntemptuOusly
given charity, and left without worthy
of record the story of the heartache of
the millions of common folks. Now
the eyes Of all the thinking world are
fixed, as s~pell-bound, upon the under
masses-the poor. These words have
changed the maps of empires, the
policies of governments, the founda-
tions of economies and politics. This
principle is only now fairly beginning
to assert its right to voice and life. The
history of the future will be the chron-
icle OF this expanding.
R THE PROPHETS DEAD2
Shall the Church of Jesus Christ
have nothing to say on these moment
GUS themes2 Have we no word of
cheer for our weaker brethren in the
struggle? While men are striving to
break the chains that bind the captive,
to open the eyes of the blind, and set
at liberty them that are bruised, shall
we stand idly by? Is it nothing to the
Christian? Shall we be carried to the
skies on fowery beds of ease, while
others fight to win the prize and sal
through bloody seas? Are the prophets
OF God dead, that they shall not speak.
Shall we leave this work to others. and
awake to find Saul numbered among
the prophets-even as the Lords an.
nOintcd?
H TRUMPET CALL OF GOD.
1t seems to me that the times ring
forth the trumpet call of God to the
followers of His son to rally at this
time and press the principles of His
divine life into the organic structure
of the world-social regime. 1t seems
to. me that we should, as Christians,
give our hearty support to this move
ment for the establishment of the
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12

MIND-READING AND MUsCLE-READLNG.
The methods of mind-readers may be
shown to be those of the conjurer and
the mountebank. Muscle-reading, on
the other hand, is a subject worthy Of
serious investigation. Muscle reading
is the PERCEPTION by n person of an
extremely slight. involuntary action
of the muscles of another with whom
he is in contact. The contact is usually
made by taking the hand or wrist of
the subject, though there are various
other methods. Connection is made
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12
SCIENTIFIC.
EVOLUTION AND MORALITY.

AND
Evolutionary philosophers give ex-
cellent precepts for healthy and COM
Portable living. But these precepts ap-
parently the mar fulflls, and thus he
fulfills all righteousness. They may
talk to him, indeed, of a more perfect
state of society to be some day brought
about by ethical science, in which he
would be out of place; but he, having
only one life, takes the world Is he
finds it and makes the best of it for
himself. Why should he sacrifice him
self to the future of humanity2 Evo-
luton, being a Quasi-mechanical and
necessary process, will fulfill itself
without effort or sa ;rifice on his part.
And the perfect state, after all, will be
attained only to pass away in the ever
lasting round of indignation and dlsln-
tegration, or whatever the wheel of
existence may be called. Men of greedy
and daring character who feel their
force will not be hindered from using
it for their aggr 4ndizement by argu-
ments Of the tea-table. They will grasp,
by all the means in their power the
largest share attainable of such enjoy
ment as may fall to the lot of beings
always on the verge of annihilation-a
drawback to which, by the way, in
pictures of a secularist millennium
reference is seldom made.-Prof. Gold
ucirt Smith, an the April Forum.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12
RELIGIOUS.

THE EIGHT HOUR LABOR STRUGGLE.
The Message of Christianity to the
World on these Problems-The
Christ and His FOllowers-Why we
Should Support the Movement
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-05-12

5. 1t would improve the politics of
the world. The politics of State of the
coming century are certainly to be
shaped in large measure by the aspira-
tions and demands of the undertaking
world. Manhood suffrage is the event
toward which the old world is being
driven with resistless power to-day.
The labor should be given time to read
and study, and improve himself as to
his duties and obligations. He should
be given opportunity for reflection. In
those hours he would learn his own
wants, his own-rights, his obligations
to others. He would learn to choose
wise leaders, not ranting fools. He
would choose conservative strong men
to meet organized capital.
FEWER STRIKES.
Strikes would become more and
more things of the past. If the labor
ing man today is ignorant and 6Bsurd
in his demands, whose fault is it,
Blinded by ignorance, stupefed by
overwork, bound by the chains of hun
ger and fear of starvation, he staggers
like a wounded mad giant, striking
friend as well ais foe.
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05
ROSWELL P. FLOWER

the senate viii be tie, sixteen Demo-
cgats and sixteen Republicans, but tho
casting vote of the lieutenant governor
will give the former advantage on all
party questions.
The New York delegation will consist
of twenty Tammany men, one County
Democrat and three Republicans. The
Kings county delegation will be com
posed of nine Democrats and three Re
publicans.
Returns Wednesday morning by The
Herald indicate that the Republicans
have carried both branches of the legis-
lature. In the assembly it credits tie
Republicans with having returned sixty
nine members to fifty-nine for the Demo-
Gratis, and in the senate eighteen Repub-
licans to fourteen Democrats.
The complexion of the legislature, ac-
cording to latest returns, is as follows:
Senate, Republicans. fifteen; Democrats,
seventeen. Assembly, Republicans,
sixty-six; Democrats, sixty-two.
The latest returns show that Flowers
plurality for governor is 43, ,344.
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05

ALBANY, ,SNov. 5.-Governor Hill at I
a. m, Wednesday said:
The result in this state is extremely
gratifying ald the more so because all
our big gains were either in the country
or else in districts where there was all
legged disaffection, such as Brook
lyn and Erie counties; it is a vindica-
ton of the party and party principles,
The stuffed tiger was not Gin it, in the
country, as was evidenced by the in
creased Democratic vote. | am particu-
larly gratified over the results in New
York and my own city of Elmira. The
result also in the senate and assembly
districts is all we expected 1t is a time
for general rejoicing"
At 1880. when the result was an
nounced definitely, the governor said:
1T should be considered as a great
Democratic victory; presaging Demo-
cratic success in the nation next year.
The crushing defeat which Mr.. Fassett
received in his own city of Elnira and
in his county of Chemung is particU-
larly significant of the peoples dislike
for his methods of campaigning, and 1
am specially proud that my county
recorded its preference for Mr.. Flower
so emphatically'
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05

WASHINGTON, Nov. Six congress-
men to fill vacancies were elected yester-
day. In the Fifth Michigan district,
vacated by the death of NJ E. Ford,
Democrat, Charles e. Belknap, Repub-
lican, was elected over john T. Law
renee, Democrat, by from 1900 to 1000
votes.
In the Twenty-second New York dis
trict the seat lately resigned by J. w.
Russell, Republican, was filled by n
McCurtis, Republican, he having de-
feated w. F. Porter, Democrat, by a
considerable majority.
The Second South Dakota district
vacated by the death of John M. Gam
BILE, Republican, elected John J. Jolly,
Republican, by about 1900 majority,
beating j. M Woods, Democrat, and Fl.
w. Smith, Independent.
In the Second New York district AL.
fred G. Chaplin, Democrat, ex-mayor Of
Brooklyn. was elected to the seat re-
signed by David A. Boody, Democrat,
beating Henry Bristol, Republican,
In the Tenth New York district Bourke
Cochran, Tammany Democrat, defeated
j. B. Townsend, Republican, and John
Houser. Social Labor This seat was
vacated by the death of General Spinola.
The Tweli th New York district wGs
the one represented by Roswell z.
Flower. He resigned to run for gov
ernor, and the candidates were William
McMichael Republican; Joseph L. Lit
tie, Tammany Democrat; David Deven-
ny, County Democrat and John j.
Flick, Social Labor Little was elected.
In Tennessee the late Congressman
Houk's son was elected to succeed his
father.
A successor to General Lee will be
chosen later at a special election.
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05
Nothing Known at Washington.

WASHINGTON, Nov 5.-The depart
ment of state has no information regard
ing the reported revolutionary move
ment of the Brazilian congress, and Off
GERS of the department are not disposed
to credit tho report. In confirmation Of
their opinion, they quote recent advices
that the Brazilian congress has recently
called the president of Brazil to account
for the alleged arbitrary acts, and it is
thought imp obable that congress would
seek relief in a dictatorship.
Senior Mendonca, the Brazilian minis
ter. is still at his Adirondack residence,
not having yet returned to Washington
from his summer outing.
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05
A DROP TO DEATH.
Nineteen WOrkmen Killed in a
Mine at Butte, Mon.
A Cage Filled With Men Falls
Over 500 Feet.

Caused by the breaking of the Rope
stilI Alive When Found. but Fatally
InJured--Ths Mine, the Anaconda, One
of the Largest in the Territory.
BUTTE, Mon, Nov. 5.-Several men
met death in an awful form in the
Anaconda mine near here at midnight
Tuesday night. The time had come to
shift the gangs of men, and cage full
of miners returning from work stepped
out into the open air. Their places
were at once taken by nineteen men
who We're to take up the work they had
just abandoned, and the cage was
started toward the depths below.
The rope had been unwound but
couple of times from the slowly revolv-
ing windlass, when there was a sudden
snap, a cry of horror from the shaft in
which the cage had but moment be-
fore disappeared, and then cry went
up from the men who had Just come to
the surface, The rope had broken, and
the cage with its nineteen inmates was
precipitated to the bottom of the mine
1t was some little time before any as
sistance could be sent them The shat
down which they had plunged to death
was useless, and other ways of getting
at the place where they had fallen were
roundabout.
Fortunately, there was some help for
the dead and dying men in the mine
itself. A number of miners who were
through work and waiting to be relieved
were at the bottom of the shaft waiting
for the cage to take them out. Amidst
them, narrowly missing some, the cage
dashed. 1t broke, and before their
horror-stricken eyes were the mangle
bodies of the companions whom they
were awaiting. When they had recov-
cred from the shock word of the acct
dent was sent through the mine, a:
from the darkness came men hurrying
to the relief. There was little, however,
that could be done.
OF the nineteen who made the fearful
ride of over 500 feet seventeen were dead,
their forms crushed out of all semblance
to those Of human beings, while the two
who were yet breathing have no hopes of
recovery. Their comrades bore them
out of the ruin, awaited help from above
but any aid that could have been given
them was useless.
The Anaconda mine is the biggest in
this territory. 1t employs 400 men and
was reopened after long closing, Oct
%. The fact that it was reopened on a
Friday was commented on at the time
by superstit' ,us miners, and many were
afraid to work in it.
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05
Flowers Biography.

Roswell p, Flower was born in Theresa,
Jefferson county, N. Y, Aug. Z, 1895 His
father died when he was eight, and when
out of school he had to work to support
the family. At sixteen he graduated from
the high school, and at eighteen removed
to Waterfowl, where he worked in the
postoffice for six years as clerk. He'then
went into tie jewelry business, in which
he continued successfully for ten years,
when his brother-in-law, Mr.. Henry Keep,
died, leaving large property, valued at
81, GOO, 600 To take care Of this estate Mr..
Flower removed to New York city, where
he has since resided, being now the head
of large banking firm. He has twice
represented the city of New York in con-
gress, and again as representative from
the Twelfth district
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05
Mckinley Talks.

CLEVELAND, Nov 5.-An enthusiastic
crowd of 5000 citizens literally carried
Governor Mckinley from his ho,ll
to public hall in Canton at 2 o'clock
Wednesday morning. He was lifted to
the stage and said:
'If the later returns confirm the news
we now receive, we will have right to
meet again and rejoice ever the glorious
victory now being recorded, but we
must remember that as yet we have
heard from about one-half of the state.
1t is more important that one of the
principles of the Republican party
should triumph than any man should be
elected governor. By morning we
should know for sure that protection
and sound currency are victorious l
thank you all for your many manifesto
tions Of good will, hearty support AID
constant effort in my behalf.
Daily tobacco leaf-chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1890-1895, 1891-11-05
l5IIHIlO.

BUFFALO, Nov. 5,-Erie county, with
one ward in Buffalo missing, gives
Flower plurality Of 1906. The miss
ing ward gives a Democratic majority of
about 400 on other offices.
The Democrats elect the sheriff, county
clerk, keeper Of poor house, and coroner
on the county ticket. The Republicans
elect the superintendent of the poor.
On the city ticket the Democrats elect
the mayor, comptroller, commissioner
of public W orks, assessor, judge of mu-
nicipal cou. t, and justice of the peace
The Republicans elected the judge of
the superior court and the overseer Of
the poor,
The select council, new body under
the new charter, will stand Democrats
and Republican.
The board of aldermen will stand IS
Democrats and 10 Republicans.