The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1891-08-13

ton and consists OF two pArts--the place OF
sale and the place OF purchase. He who sells
and buy In the same market, X all who COM
pete with him In the sale must also sell and
buy 10 that market, 10 upon terms Of equality
with his competitor: buff he be COMPELLED to
sell In one place and to purchase In another,
and these several places are controlled by DIFF
ferent economic laws. 80 that he soils under
certain conditions. and his competitors are not
subjected to this necessity. then he 70 at .
great disadvantage. II that which no has TO
sell is burdencd so that out OF It's proceeds
must be taken much of lie value, the net pro-
ceeds are, OF course, smaller than it real
value, and IL he 10 compelled to pay for what
he needs cost which 10 increased By having
added 70 the real value additions which do
not increase its intrinsic value. be Y again
put to serious loss. And IL II In this TIA tho
farmers OF the country have had their con-
stantly increasing losses. They have besn
compelled 70 both sell and buy as . disad-
vantage. A home market ID an absurdity.
It 10 true that there are many products
which must be sold or consumed near where
they are produced. This includes much the
largest part OF agricultural products; In .
farming % distinguished from . planting
state she reverse 10 true Of tho planting
rather than the farming state. That form OF
homo market 10 necessarily preserved 20 tho
neighboring laboror BY the burden, cost and
annoyance Of transportation: and all forms
tive tariff laws.
The Market for Purchase
The sale By the local lsborer OF his toll In
those vOcations which arc required only for
local purposes Ii controlled In Ito value %
largely By local conditions that II Il not per.
ceptibly Influenced BY protective tarin legis-
lation; but when he comes 70 buy, then arises
for him the important question, '.What con-
etitutes his market OF purchaser for the
value OF . days wages oonsists In what II
viii buy. A man docs not work for money
except TO commute that money into the com.
fort Of his family. It 10 TO him rent, raimsns,
food, education and happiness. and he Is %
much Interested in being able TO secure .
profitable market Of purchase 10 . profitable
market OF labor. Under the play Of natural
laws these markets arc rarely divorced.
when the value depends upon those srs.s
natural laws under which progress alone 10
really possible, advantage OF location,
superior skill, higher Industry and
greater thrift, better intelligence
constitute the advantages which one man
has. or ought to have, over others. But un.
dor any system which attempts 70 cot q
naught these laws there must arise such
difference OF conditions . TO give those two
parts OF the conception expressed bv the
word .'market'' entirely different con1i-
tions, and the misery Of our system 10 that it
condemns our farmers 70 sell in market
whore tho value Of HE goods 10 fxed under
the law Of free trade. and compels him TO
buy In market whore the value Of his pur-
chasss are dstsrnined under IN Ubiquitous
high tariff.
We export about - per cent OF our wheat,
ana this Will give I fair illustration OF the
entire system. That II. We could feed II
round nambers 20, oO0, 900 mere ON the bresd.
stuffs We now raise. We also produce with
the present manufacturing population moro
mann N ofsa paa than "a cnaau ma and IF "a had
81, 000. 900 more they would BE- compelled TO
enter into agricultural or mechanioal
pursuits. II they become farmers they would
become producers - well - oOnsumore Of
wheat. and the difference between Or oon.
sumption and production would become
ereatsr instead OF less, and tho wheat grower
would b more and more compelled to depend
for his sales upon the foreign market. and the
alleged homo market would become more
illusorys but II they did not become farmers,
but entered upon mechanical pursuits, then
the amount Of manufacturing product wosld
would still bscome illusoFy. Before they
could purchase from tho farmer they would
have to and sale for thsir products, and that
market would have to b. found abroad, and
practically IL makes but little difference O. TO
what 10 the nature OF tho surplus, whether
wheat, cotton and other Agricultural products
or manufactured fabrics. Ia either event tho
essential fact 10 that the surplus must be
sold abroad. Those who purchase most them-
selves md q market Of sale, 20 that IL brings
10 back to the inevitable necessity that we
must export al our surplus, and that these
exports can best 30 paid for In the main BY
imports needed BY 10.
who Pays the Dutieei
But II il said that these tariff duties, no
matter how onerous, fall upon the foreigner
and nos upon the consumer: that they are
taxes upon the foreign product paid for en-
trance into the American market. Mem of
large fame, wide reputation and pure private
life detained with great vociteration that
the country owes to tho trainers OF those
tariff laws IN incAlculabls debt OF gratitude.
because they have levied and collected such
for the privilege Of entering our markets.
There 10 no such folly ever committed BY tho
domestic manufactures, and no such leg
islative absurdity ever put into the statute.
This 10 on . par with the useless duties
which arc used simply - bait to catch
pay cent OF tho cost added TO tho domestic
article because OF the tArin, and @
our foreign commerce IL about per cent OF
our entire commerce, % per cent Of the bur
dsns imposed BY tho tariff 10 beyond dispute
borre BY the American consumer. Ia our
tariff system there 10 tribute known - "the
rebate" which during thelast year amounted
to within fraction of S5.o00.O00. Il 10 paid
70 the Americas Importer who has purchased
. certain forcign material which he has
worked up and then exported. The simplest
illustration Of this 10 the rebate on tin plate,
% shown BY the transactions OF the Standard
Oil company. This company imports . very
large amount Of Gin plate on which 10 Vas re-
Quired 20 pay duty Of cent. Il makes .
portion Of this tin plate MP into cams In which
Il exports Its petroleum. and IL carries certain
proof 20 the collectors ofncs and obtains un-
der the present law % per cent Of tho duties
paid on II. To whom is this repaid paidi To
tho manufacturer thers0f,' who has bssn
taxed for the privilege Of selling his tin plate
In our market. II not, Why metz II he
paid this tax why should hs NOT
have IL refunded II any ono hAs2
But IL 10 not paid 20 him, but 20 the
Standard OIL company. why7 Because that
me ask Why this rebate 10 paid ~ all. Its Of
foot 10 TO enable the American manufactures
TO sell TO the foreign consumer cheaper shAa
ho does to the American consumer. Tho
Standard OIL company under the present Law
viii pay upon IT. tin plate 20 cents per
pound, which 10 probably Is per cent on its
value. That 10. for every 800 worth of tin
plate imported by that company land It must
import al that 1t usss), II will pay SITS.
Reciprocity In it. True Light
It may DO demanded that in An address like
this should mot omit reference To- the latest
triumph OF pfotection-feciprocity treaties,
out OF which 10 70 oone the foreign markets
which No nsed. Twas glad tho distinsuish-
Cd secretary Of state forced bis party, con-
trary to principles, and In the teeth Of their
leaders ana against the house OF rspressnta-
tives, to put this .'reoiproeity" inio this act
1t Is . mesger, confined and misera ,le substi-
tute for free trade, but 1t surrenders the
question between Us; IL 10 IN acknowledge
mcnt that We can never achieve that illusoPv
sshome market Of which % much nonsense
has been said. II admits tho necessity Or for
eiRn markets, and 10 based upon the hypoths.
n In dnH 4 20 nd