The Portland daily press., 1891-09-17
H0MEWARD BOUND.
Professor Lee Well Pleased With the
BOWdOin Expedition.
More About Cary and Coles Suffer.
iOgs and Their Reward.
Ksquimaux Made Acquainted With the
Photographers Camera.
Especial to the Press.l

Especial 10 the Press.l
HALIFAX, N. s., September I6.-The Bow
dOin College expedition arrived here today.
All the members are In excellent health.
They leave tomorrow for Rockland, Me. Pro-
lessor Lee expresses himself as being well
satisfied with the expedition. The Grand
Falls. Labrador, question has been solved,
the measurements Of the falls taken and
their exact location noted. The professor
compares the size and general appearance
OF the fall to those OF Niagara. The story
OF the finding of the falls has already been
printed. but as related to your correspondent
some additional facts have been given which
Will bear repeating. The party se-
lected to explore were Austin Cary and S.
M. Cole In one boat. and w. r. Smith and
O. b. Young In another. The men left the
vessel on the 26sh Of July at Goose Bay and
proceeded up Hamilton river. On the fol-
lowing day they saw IL canoes OF mountain
Indians which passed by. On the following
day they landed. CranberrIes were found
In abundance and hundreds OF balm OF GIL
cad trees. They also saw aOcks OF black
ducks. About 20 miles up the river they
found red squirrels In abundance. On July
80. Glmmell Gull lake was struck. On the
banks were flowers. ferns and forget-me-
nOts. The weather was delightfully."- warm.
Large pieces Of limestone and ehrystaline
were found. On August 8, they saw scenery
at the foot OF lake which was grand with
It's preeiptl0usl cliffs and picturesque sur
rounding. On the same day number OF
Indians's graves were found covered with
bones rS o1 "a August 3 the party separated
miles, the boat occupied by Messrs. Smith
and Young was smashed and after much
privation and suffering, Smith and Young
found their way to the vessel. Messrs. Cary
and Cole continued their search
for the falls. Fine cascades were
met with aud fish were very
abundant Blueberrles, plums and cranbeI-
ries were found In big patches. A high
mountain was sighted August IL and numeI-
Gus lakes. They passed on the river through
a deep gorge 500 feet high or more, and were
obliged to take to high ground and camp on
the Labrador pliteau. On the 18th another
mountain was sighted. IL was ascended ana
soon the long sought for falls were seen.
They were photographed. The main fall
Is but 200 feet, while above 1t are several
smaller ones varying frem 10 TO % feet, each
making about 100 feet more fall. the total
fall being 800 feet. This was distant about i.
800 miles from the vessel The country Is
low, with the exception OF a mountain TO the
northeast. At the main fall there seems to
be different rock strata on the two sides,
granite on the one side and a fine grained
granite with trap dykes on the other. The
river above the falls flows almost due south.
1t takes an abrupt turn TO the east for sex-
eral hundred yards and then turns to the
south again. flowing through gorge 400 to
800 feet deep, with almost perpendicular
sides aud cut In solid rock.
On their return 70 their camp, as already
reported, Carey and Cole saw II In flames
and their boat gone. The trip TO the ves-
gal ~ tsAtr u..A
many privatiOns were experienced. The
q gen ss fsersa mgeh frOP Rlsek tsss We're We're
Their provisions were gone and
Tor many days the only thing they ate
were squirrels. Tracks OF bear. lynx and
we're Su at az over sas sn ns Used hda
the explorers. On Sunday, August 23d, they
found the entrails Of a bear killed by the
Indians. The liver, heart and kidneys were
secured and eaten. From this point to the
vessel, continuous suffering was experienced,
They reached the vessel on September LIST.
photographs were taken Of the following
places: Lake Petchicapon, the gorge on the
Grand river, the foot OF the Grand Falls, the
falls half way down, the falls looking into
the pit, the bottom OF the falls, at 800 yards
above the brink, and at 800 yards above the
main fall.
Professor Lee was much pleased with the
result so far as the natural history OF Labra-
dor was concerned. His studies Of the Es-
qulmeaux race were most satisfactory, He
took measurements Of their faces, arms, legs
and feet. and made sketches Of their faces
and forms. He cleaned some facts concern
Ing the history Of the people. made collec-
ti0ns OF implements and house furnishings
and took particular note Of their manners
and customs. These particulars will be
written up and sent to the Chicago Worlds
fair. These notes, measurements, etc, were
made at "Lakedale." The botanical study
was also satisfactory, and the flowers to-
gether with other collections will form part
OF the Bowdoin College collection.
Speaking further Of the physical measure
ments Of the inhabitants OF that bleak coun-
try, the Professor said: 1--WE found q race
Of Montagnais Indians, This Is the fret dis
cOvery OF that race known to the white man.
Their characteristics were noted ana rec
ord kept OF all dissovertes. In measuring
and examining them, we took into cOnsldera-
ton their height, breadth Of shoulders,
height Of head, form Of nose, nature OF ears.
and distance between the eyes. This Is q
discovery OF real interest. These meas
nrements will be shown upon charts at the
worlds fair, and will show how this tribe
differs from all other Indian races" Pro-
lessor Lee made a fine collection OF the uten-
sils used and articles manufactured by the
Indians from time immemOIial on the banks
Of the Grand river.
The party discovered the ruins Of an Es-
quimaux village. The houses had been built
Of wood. banked with earth, with roof Of
poles covered with eafLO. SHELVES seem 10
have been erected In the side walls, on
which the inhabitants slept. The floors
were paved with fiat stones OF kind not
now used by the Esqnimaux, aud which are
unknOwn 90 the oldest inhabitant. Among
the ruins were found bone knives, bone run
ners for sled, bone fish spears, skin dress
ers, carvings in ivory, ETC., all q which
throw great deal Of light upon The meth
DDS OF this ancient people. In the
upper layers Of the ruins were found hsh
spears made Of iron aod stone lamps In their
pIimeval form, showing that the white
traders had penetrated into that far-0d re-
gion. A great source Of interest to the party
were the Esquimaux skeletons found under
piles Of rock. A large number OF these were
found In an excellent state OF preservation,
notwithstanding that the original owners
must have lived ages ago. When an Esqus-
him, such as his implements Of war. fish
spears. lamps, skin dresses, etc, for use la
the next world. Many OF the relics, together
with number OF skeletons, were brought
back by the party.
The professor made an important collec-
tion Of shells and other specimens Of natur-
al history which prove that the present she'll
fauna OF Labrador Is almost Identical with
that Of Nova Scotia and Maine. The fish
species collected Is double the number Of
those previously known TO the scientific
world. The most remarkable species Is that
Of fish with lance like teeth, heretofore
only known to exist In Madeira and Tasma-
mia. In b rds the professor made an exten-
sive and handsome collection. Many new
kinds of plants were also discovered which
were not supposed TO exist In that region.
The mineral collection was small but exceed