The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1891-08-04
ITALY ON THE CONCLAVE.
THE QUESTION AS TO WHERE THE
NEXT SHALL BE held.

cana Foreign Pope and Conclave
Dreaded-Italy VIII Respect the
Liberty of the Conclave.
ROME, Aug. 3.-"Where shall the next
conclave be heldf" is the question which is
now being much discussed in governmental
circles. The church dignitaries are inter
ested observers. The question, it is be-
lieved, will be the pivot of the policy both
OF the Italian government and of the vati-
can. There is good authority for tho
statement that the Italian govern
ment has sent explicit instruo-
tions to its representatives abroad to
prevent a conclave from being held away
from Rome. 1t breads, above all things, a
foreign pope and conclave away from the
Eternal City. The account of the situation
which follows reflects the opinions enter
tanned in ecclesiastical circles. All the
Italian government confidential negotia-
tions with the great powers are believed to
be inspired .withIthis dominating idea: That
Italy will respect and safely guard the
liberty of the conclave.
ITALY's HOPES.
Italy hopes that her attitude will cause
the sacred college to abandon all idea OF
leaving Rome. and II the idea is at all cher
ished privately that design will not receive
any outside support The government
would thus, in the first place, make it appear
to the world that the papacy is free
In Rome since Italy respects
the liberty of the conclave and the sacred
college can sit openly in the capital Of
Italian dominions, and in the second place,
would thereby maintain the status quo. In
diplomatic documents exchanged before
and after the conclave OF 1878, the Italian
government declared that this conclave gave
conclusive testimony of the liberty Of the
holy see under the new regime. In follew-
ing evolutions Of the Italian policy in 1870,
one sees everywhere the firm resolution to
prevent any notifications or displacement
of the factors which compose the politico-
ecclesiastical and pontihcal situation in
Italy and at Rome. The reason is manifest.
Should any change take place the govern
ment would find itself confronted with an
entirely new situation.
DREAD OF THE UNKNOWN.
This would be unknown and the Italian
government breads the unknown. because
1t believes the existing conditions are the
safeguards Of its regime, which, in the
minds Of strict Catholics, bears the stigma
OF the occupation of Rome and of the law
of guarantees. The meeting Of the conclave
outside Of Rome would not only awaken in
| Catholic and independent minds the idea
| that the holy see was not free at Rome but
| 1t would also mark new departure on
the part of the papacy, the beginning of
| new era. In any case, it would render the
future an absolute uncertainty. Perhaps it
| would be the starting point OF transfor-
nation Of the general government Of the
church. We're the conclave 10 be held away
| from Rome it would Immediately briug the
| whole pontihcal question to the front The
re-openlnR OF the question. morally and
automatically, enthusiastically and politi-
cally, as 1t would be opened, is
what the Italian government wishes to pre-
vent aE any price Therefore, in giving as
surance. to the cabinets that it will respect
the liberty Of the conclave at Rome, the
Italian government virtually says that the
sacred college shall not be free to hold
conclave where 1t pleases, as it should do,
conformably to the needs of the church
and the conditions CT Europe at that time
ftThe sacred college has always regarded
the conclave Of 1878 as an expe rimenp
which has been exploited by the monarchy
to the detriment of the vatican. In 1873 it
was still thought that by pursuing line of
policy less immersed in the old traditions OF
Antonelli it would be possible to find the
noduS CfUendi with the government and the
monarchy, but all efforts made in that
direction have only demonstrated that tle
state as it is now constituted will not make
peace with the pope on the basis of a status
quo. But 1t is impossible for the church to-
accept the arrangement, which would be q
capitulation, since the vatican would be the
subject Of the Italian government con-
trary to the Catholic law. Since
1878 the state of the Catholic
mind has been considerably .mod-
ihed. New currents have made themselves
manifest and persuasion has become so
deeply rooted that in order to liberate the
papaey from the status quo and to provoke
final solution, a coup d'etdt Is necessary,
and the action most favored Is the holding
Of the next conclave away from Rome.
STARTING POINT OF A BETTER REGIME.
This, many Catholics here are fully con-
WINGED, would be the starting point of bet4
ter regime. In 1878 and before, when
Signor Depretis made his first advance to
the various European cabinets, no govern
ment had any interest In combating the
attitude OF the Italian consul of state on
the question Of a conclave and the holy see.
Austria, France and Spain all accepted the
assurances Of Signor' Depretis and en-
gagged not TO offer Of their own init1
ative hospitality to the cardinals In
event Of the conclave being summoned to
elect successor to the papal throne. The
international situation now is very differ
ent. To-day all the powers outside Of the
triple alliance have rather an interest in
thwarting the projects of the italian gov
ernment. 1t is believed that France and
Russia will favor the diplomatic action
OF Italy when it is necessary to take
up the question, one way or the other,
in regard to the conclave and the election of
apope. The result is that the present dis
positions outside of the sacred college are
not those Of 1873. The slightest hazard may
determine the exodus of the cardinals from
Rome, and the least pressure on the part OF
the triple alliance may produce a more de-
cided change in the pontifical policy. This
conviction gains sire lgth each day.
POSSIBILITY OF A CoNCLAvE AWAY FROM
ROME.
Even conservative minds regard with
calmness and serenity the possibility OF a
conclave away from Rome, and of for
eign pope as the most efficacious means of
safely guarding the honor and Independence
Of the Roman pontifcate. OF all the factors
which compose the great Roman question
the triple alliance is that which will be
be able TO exercise the most cons iderable
influence on the further decisions Of the
holy see on the conditions of the next con-
clave and on the choice Of pops.
Bishop Talbott's Answer.
AUGUSTA, GA, Aug. 3.-Rev. Chauncey