davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
Declaration of Purposes.

Whereas, the general condition of our coun'
try imperatively demands unity of action on
the part of the laboring classes, reformation
and economy. and tho dissemination of prin-
ciplps hest calcu ated TO encourage and foster
agricultural and mechanical pursuits. en-
couraging the toiling masses-leading them
in the road TO prosperity, and providing
Just and fair remuneration for labor, a just
exchange for our commodities. and the best
means of securing to the laboring classes the
greatest amount or good; we hold to the
principle that all monopolies are dangerous
to the best interests of our country, tending
TO cnslave free people and subvert and
finally overthrow the great principles pur-
chased by the fathers of American liberty.
We therefore adopt the following as our
declaration of principles:
l. To labor for the educntion of the agricul-
tura classes in the science of economical
government, in a strictly nonpartisGn spirit
and bring about a more perfect union of said
classes.
2. That we demand equal rights to all, and
special favOrs to none.
8. To endorse the motto: "In all things
essential. unity; and in all things charity.
1. To develop better state mentally,
morally, socially and financially.
). To constantly strive to secure entire kar-
mony and good will TO all mankind and
brothery love among ourselves.
8. To suppress personal, local, sectional
snd national prejudicos, all unhealthy rivalry
and all selfish ambition.
:. The brightest jewels which 1t garners,
are the tears of the widows and orphans, and
Its imperative commands are to visit the
homes where lacerated hearts are bleeding;
TO assuage the suffering of brother or
sister, bury the dead, care tor the widows
and educate the orphans; to exercise charity
towards all offenders: to construe words and
deeds in their most favorably lighr. granting
honesty OF purpose and good intentions to
others and to protect the principles of the
Farmers Alliance and Industrial Union until
DEATH Its laws are reason and equity; its
cardinal doctrines inspire purity of thought
and life, its intention is: ION earth, peace
and good willto man."
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TAX.

10 VIII Accomplish All That n Graded In
&C me Tax Can do and Very Much More
That an Income Tax is PowerIess to Ef-
feet.
A graduated income tax is tax
levied upon all ascertained or returned
incomes, such tax increasing in per-
scntage in a certain ratio to the amount
OF income revealed or returned. 1t is
conceded that such tax, If there were
no perjury practiced and all incomes
were honestly revealed or returned,
would be good thing as far as it went
But such tax would have no tendency
to crush out or destroy monopoly or
trusts, nor would il collect any tax at all
from the monopolists, who owning
large bodies or innumerable small
tracts of unimproved land producing
no incomes simply holding such lnnd
for a rise in price. The land monopo-
list is one of the principal individuals
whom it is sought to reach and elimi-
nate by an improved system of taxation.
A graduated-cumulati tax is a tax
levied upon unused and unoccupied
land and upon all improved real
estate used for income producing pur-
poses Residences and their grounds
would be exempt This tax is levied
on all stocks. bonds, money and evil
dences of Indebtedness, and upon all
personal property used for purposes of
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
SOUTHERN GLEANINGS.
A Big Alabama land Deal.

One of the largest deals ever made In
the south was closed at Sheffield, Ala,
the other day. Col. w. VI. Duncan and
associates secured the entire assets of
the Sheffield Land, Iron & Coal Co.. the
capital stock of which is $1,000, 600, all
paid. Col. Duncan took it at 81 cents.
4 new company was formed with ST.
900, 600 stock. and over half of it was
taken in an hour. There is also the
Alabama Security & Trust Co, formed
at Sheffield, with 81, 600, 900 capital paid
up in full. Three more furnaces will
soon be in blast. q complete system OF
water-works is pledged, and new hotel
just completed costing $3.50, 600, will be
opened. Col. Duncan goes TO New York
to return October p. He is financially
able to carry out his options, and is very
enthusiastic. Steel has been success
fully made from Sheffield iron. made OF
local ores, coke and stone, and this fact
has much to do with the deal.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29

gain (capitaD. (See p. SO, "Cumula-
tive TaXatiou). 1t is called graduated
because, commencing with a basis rate,
it increases its rate or percentage with
each iNcrease of a certain or given
amount in the valuation upon which
the tax is to be assessed. 1t is called
cumulative because where an individ-
ual or corporation owns more than one
piece or lot of property each separate
piece pays the rate of tax which is ap-
plica BILE to the valuation of the whole
number of pieces, lot or parcels of prop
erty.
There is no surer way of collecting
an income tax than to levy such tax
upon the property producing such in
come, while the graduated-cumulative
features of this tax insure the collec-
ton of the most tax from those who
enjoy the largest income. Thus it will
do all that an income tax will do. But
it will do a vast deal more than an in
come tax will do. 1t will make it next
to impossible for a man to hold more
land than he can profitably use, and
will equalize the opportunities of the
small farmers and the owners of huge
'bonanza" farms. 1t will annually alb
sorb, for the people, the rise in the
value of immense holdings of land and
make land monopolists anxious to sell
The difference between the tax paid by
a small manufacturing or business con-
Germ and that paid by an overgrown
monopoly, or a combination of firms
called trust, will put the small firm
upon footing of equality in its COM
petition with its overgrown rivals. This
tax will also tend towards the equaliza-
ton of all localities and opportunities,
and the difference in the rates of taxa
ton will have a tendency TO give con-
sumers the lowest prices for commodi-
ties and keep profits down to a close
and equitable margin. The dealer
poor location will be enabled to sell
goods at much less price than the
merchant with large capital and oc-
cupying a valuable location, and yet
the small dealers profits will be as
large as the heavy merchants. This
tax will hold in check tae practice of
over-capitalizing and watering stock,
and will prevent the amalgamation of
rival lines of railroad into immense
systems with enormous capitalization.
In short the graduated-cumulative tax
is a graded income tax and much more.
1t will prevent Capitalization and COM
bination; destroy trusts and land mon
opoly; equalize locations, profits and
opportunities, and tend to confine all
business corporations to fair and
legitimate capitalization.
GEORGE c. WARD.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29

owned by English capitalists, with
millions upon millions invested in
mines, manufactures, state, county and
municipal securities, it is possible that
the time may come when England may
be called upon to protect British
interests in the United States, as she
has done on several occasions in other
countries, and we have men here in
this country-American citizens, lead.
ers in the two old parties-who would
prove themselves tories and aid the
English money power.
We have had men in congress for a
quarter of a centuary selling them
selves for British gold, with more
treason in their hides than was ever
conceived by Benedict Arnold Bene-
"ict Arnold, if he had succeeded in de-
yering West Point into the hands of
ie enemy, could not have entailed
, ore injury upon the country than
d ohn Sherman has done in the last
t 'enty years.
We are not an alarmist but we want
country between labor and capital
and statesmen have prophesied as much
for fifty years-English influences will
bring it about, and it will come under
the guise of protecting vested rights.
and the blow will be struck against
and to suppress the clamorings of the
common or labori1g people, and when
it comes all snobocracy will be arrayed
against the people.-Topeka Alliance
Tribune
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
THE FARMER THE VICTIM.
What the Demonstration of Silver Has
Done.

What the Decentralization of Silver Has
Mr.. Sherman, by the strange method
of argument so we'll known by him,
contends in the Ohio campaign that the
remonetization of silver would be a
measure injurious to the farmer. Mr.
Sherman has made so many assertions
of like character that time has actually
proven false, one would think he would
be little more careful in making
them. The effect the decentralization
of silver had upon the farmer is a mat
ter of history. and is given as below
by T. B. Baker. of Easton, Md, in the
National View. Have we not logical
right to assume that the reversal of the
cause would reverse the effects?
I'VE are told by statistics that only a
few years ago the American farmer
was in possession of a majority of
our country's wealth, and to-day he is
only the nations burden bearer
bordering on insolvency, and yet class
say it is the result of national circum.
stances What did the demonetization
of silver do? 1t established an era of
falling values. 1t destroyed our ma
tional standard of values under which
all debts had been contracted. It com
PEELED a trust system to resist it 1t
gave the country gold standard
whose purchasing power increases con-
stantly, with corresponding falling In
values in all properties not protected
by the system of trusts Hence the
American farmer is tine v;et;,,, -
Progressive Farmer.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
FARMERS ALLIANCE.
ALLIANCE NOTES.


The campaign in Ohio = getting
red hot The peoples party =, "a make
n good showing on e!ccrion day
One of the last and most brilliEnt
accessions to the alliance is that Cl
Prof. Garfield, formerly of the Kansas
state university.
The money value of a silver dollar
is 100 cents, the commercial or intrinsic
value IS cents, the fiat value 81 cents =
Pittsburgh Kansan.
Democratic candidates for presi-
dent are as thick as leaves in Valam-
brosa. The alliance candidate for pres
ident is letting the Office seek him.
The citizens alliance is growing
very fast in Georgia. A splendid lodge
has been organized in Athens. Keep
up the good work. Southern Alliance
Farmer.
The money value of gold dollar
is 100 cents, the commercial or intrinsic
value 81 cents, so that there is three
cents fiat value even in the gold coin. -
Pittsburgh Kansan.
Malicious attacks by the opposition
will solidify the organized producers of
the nation. The party lash, negro
supremacy and the war issue are hang
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
At the Ago of 10.

The Oldest negro woman in Georgia
died the other night at Atlanta. She
was 1i0 years old. Her name was Celly
Cook, and she was born in Morgan
county in 17s1. When 20 years old she
married another slave. They were
parted after eleven children had been
born to the couple. Aunt Celly's hus-
band was sold from her, but she never
married again. While she was alive
there were five generations represented
in her family. Aunt Celly's Oldest child
is 81 years old, while her youngest is
about 64, while the oldest child of Aunt
Celly's oldest daughter is 81 years old
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29

demands of corporate infuences-in
short, men who entertain ideas in har-
mony with the alliance demands, and
this in spite Of the cry of the old party
political hacks that tho good name and
credit of the state is in danger, what
then? In other words, and direct to
the point, what will you republicans
and democrats, who are com bining to
defeat the peoples party in several
judicial districts in this state, do If the
peoples party elect their candidatesP
The rank and file of your parties
would submit, but we'll tell you what
your leaders are fully capable of doing.
IL the worst comes to the worst in
this country in which the contest for
the supremacy comes to a final issue
between the people on the one hand
and the money power on the other,
there are hundreds OF leaders in both
of the old parties that would be the
faithful allies of the money power.
1t is entirely possible for the people,
in their aggressiveness, in this work of
overthrowing the plutocratic influences
in bringing this country to its present
condition, to bring down upon them
selves the dangers of armed interven-
ton of Great Britain obedience to the
demands of the English money power.
When we consider that So per cent
of our railroads and 45 per cent of
farm mortgage Indebtedness are
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
Children Cremated.

Three children were burned to death
in a house on the Crews plantatation,
in Mississippi opposite Helena, Ark.
The parents of the children left them in
the house while they went out in the
field to work According to instruc-
tions, they barred the door of the house
to prevent the wind from blowing it
open. While at work some of the hands
noticed blaze coming out of the house.
BY the time they got there the house
was pretty well enveloped in fire, and
they were unable to break the door
down before the house fell in, burning
to death the three helpless children.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
GREAT OCEAN RACE.
Sailing Ships Speeding From San Francis'
to Liverpool.


to Liverpool
BANGOR, Me-, Oct 24-One of the
greatest ocean races on record is now
in progress between four big sailing
ships which left San Francisco on the
same day few weeks ago grain-laden
for Europe. First among the feet is
the queen of the American merchant
fleet, the four-masted ship Shenau.
doah, of Bath, 3,25S tons net register.
She is less than year old and is the
largest wooden ship afloat She car
ries 5000 tons of wheat, the largest
cargo of the kind ever slowed in a sail
ing ship, and is bound for Liverpool.
The Shenandoahs greatest competitor
in the race is the British iron ship
Strathearn, flyer of great renown.
The Strathearn is 20 years old, and in
her young days was crack packet be-
tween New York and Liverpool, easily
beating the time of most of the steam
freighters, while in recent years she
had made some wonderful passages be-
tween the United Kingdom and the Pa
cific grain ports. The other two racers
are the ships S. d. Carleton, of Rock
port Me-, and the British ship Balka'
nah, both bound for Havre.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
THE MATTER EXPLAINED.
Secretary Tracy Explains the Valparaiso
Afair-The ChilIan Government will Not
Grant Refugees safe Conducts.

Anair-The ChiIIan Government viii Not
Grant Refugees safe Conducts.
WASHINGTON, Oct o4.-Secretary
Tracy and Gen. John w. Foster had n
conference with the president yester-
day afternoon in regard TO the Valpa-
raiso incident, and at its close Secre-
tary Tracy dictated the following as
the latest official information on the
subject: Prom a dispatch received
from Capt Schley last evening it ap-
pears that he has made careful investi-
cation of the origin of the assault on
our sailors attached to the Baltimore
at Valparaiso on the 10th. The investi-
cation showed that Petty Officer
Charles Riggan, while riding in street
car, was assailed, dragged from the car
and shot; that he was murdered in the
arms of his companions by about 100
men who were armed; that apprentice
Fred Talbot was assailed and danger
ously cut several times in the back,
two of the wounds penetrating his
lungs; that Coal HEAVIER Itherson was
robbed and dangerously cut several
times in the back, this assault being
made by about twenty-five men; that
Coal HEAVIER Turnbull received eighteen
wounds in the back, two of which PEN
etrated his lungs and that he is in a
critical state; that Petty Officer Hamil-
ton was wounded several times on
the body; that Coal Heavers Paint
er and Landsman Davidson were
dangerously injured by as
saults with clubs, stones and
knives, and that many other men were
seriously injured by assaults; that
thirty-ive seamen were arrested by the
public authorities and detained; that
the surgeons of the Baltimore are
unanimously of the opinion that some
of the wounds were inflicted by bay
onets, thus showing clearly the par
ticipation of the police; that the Amer
lean sailors were without arms and de-
fenseless; that they were sober and
innocent of any misbehavior; that two
of the seriously wounded are still in
the hospital; that in several instances
sailors of the Chilian fleet rendered as
sistauce to our sailors and that in some
instances the police officers protected
them
The Chilian government has in
formed Mr.. Egan that safe conducts
will not be issued for the refugees now
in the United States legation. The
supposed ground for this refusal is that
the men are criminals. Mr.. Egan con-
tin ues to demand safe conducts for the
men. The question now appears far
from settlement
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
MINERS ALARMED.
Coal Operators Flood the Monongahel
Mining Regions With Huns an

Coal Operators Flood the Monongahela
Mining Regions With Huns and
Negroes.
MoNoNGAHELA CITY, Pa, Oct. "a -
The influx of Huns and negroes from
the south and east continues steadily
and the miners are thoroughly alarmed
over the prospect. All along the
Baltimore & Ohio railroad they
have been brought to the mines
except between Finleyville and
the Snowden mines sometimes
merely handful and again in large
numbers In the first pool mines the
greater number of them have been
taken. At Wallick there are from
sixty to 100 of them, while at Cook &
Sons mines at Cook station, on the
CHARTERS division of the Pan Handle,
there are a mum ber of negroes
A riot is feared when they are placed
in the pits. There have been no more
breaks in the strikers ranks since the
men in Scott's mine No. 2 at West
Newton returned to work. The officers
of the association have them well in
hand and have restored the confidence
of the men, which wavered on receipt
of the tidings that the Huns were on
their way here.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
Her Eighth Husband.

Mrs. Jane Schoolcraft, a bewitching
little widow of 50 years, whose home is
in Kiowa county, W. Va. has broken
the record in that state by her mar
riage recently solemnized with Philip
Adkins. He is her eighth husband in
the past twenty years. Her last spouse
is 81 years of age. Both bride and
groom, however, seem decidedly youth
full When it was known that she was
about to marry for the eighth time
there was talk of charivari for her,
but the marriage was so quietly per-
formed that these manifestations of
friendly interest failed in timely con-
summation
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29

Madison-Presldent, T. j. Alsworth,
Canton; Secretary, David +. Wood,
Sharon
Hinds-President, d. Y. Brown, Uticai
Secretary, G. S. Spann, Raymond.
Rankin President, Dallas Watts,
Pink; Secretary, r. e knight, Pela-
hatchie.
Simpson-President, S. NJ. William
son, Westville; Secretary, j. j. Hilton.
Harrisville.
Copiah- President, A. B. Guynes,
Gallman; Secretary, j. d. Miller, Halle
hurst.
Claiborne-President, Caleb Lobdell,
Port Gibson; Secretary, |. d. Magruder,
Russum
President, Robert Mcbride,
Mcbride p. O.; Secretary, T. l.. Darden,
Fayette.
Lincoln-Prcsident, E. P. Douglass,
Wesson; Secretary, Edward Smith,
Brookhaven.
Franklln-President A. NJ. Newman,
Meadvtlle; Secretary, Juan Nix, Nc
Calls Creek.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
A Mans House Is His Castle.

recently been given legal affirmation.
A man IN Mississippi, while on his prem
ises, resisted arrest by men claiming to
be officers, but who had no warrant for
his arrest. In 50 doing he killed one of
the men, A trial resulted in his con-
viction of murder in the first degree e.
He appealed to the supreme court of
the state which has reversed the de-
cision of the lower court. 1t is held by
the court OF last resort that he had a
right to resist arrest by men who had
no lawful authority-no warrant-to
arrest him, and the homicide was justi-
fable.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29
The Ocala Demands.

Ia We demand the abolition of national
banks.
b. We demand that the government shall
establish Sub-Treasuries or repositories in
the several States which shall loan money
oireet to the people at low rate of interest.
not to exceed 2 per cent per annnm, on non
pershable farm products, and also upon real
estate. with proper limitations upon the
quantity of land and the amount of money.
c. We demand that the amount of the CIR
eu'ating medium be speedily increased to not
iess than $50 per capita.
That we demand that Congress shall pass
sucn laws as will effectually prevent the
ueallng In futures of all agricultural and
inechanical productions; providing astringent
fys'em OF procedure in trials that will secure
the prompt conviction. and imposing such
Ionaltles as shall secure the most perfect
compliance with the law.
o. We condemn the silver bill recently
passed by Congress. and demand in lieu
hereof the free and unlimited coinage of
silver
i we demand the passage OF laws prohibit
.ns alien ownership of land, and that Con-
s'ess take prompt action TO devise some plan
~ oootaln all lands now owned by aliens and
orelEh syndicates, and that all lands now
Hoiu oy railroads be reclaimed by the govern
"ens ana held for actual settlers only.
:" believing in the doctrine of equal rights
"ali' and special privileges to none. we de.
mand-
u mat our national legislation shall be so
.smed in the future as not TO build up one
'"uustry at the expense of another.
a.. ~ we further demand a removal of the ex-
~. sung heayy tarif tax from the necessities of
'ie' mat the poor of our land must have.
g. we further demand just and equitable
''stem OF graduated tax on incomes.
u we believe that the money of the country
houiu h.u De kept as much as possible In the
,s OF the people, and hence we demand
uai al national and State revenues shall be
l'eu ID the necessary expenses of the gov
tered.
ne demand the most rigid, honest and
otate and national governmental control
supervision OF the means of public COM
Aunieation and transportation, and if this
ssa'roi and supervision does not remove the
suses now existing. we demand the govern.
a..i eu' ownership of such means of cominuni-
y. ana transportation.
we NE demand that the Congress of the
ca ca'eu slates submit an amendment to the
Tas'tntion providing for the election OF
nanl9 nanSa states Senators by direct vote af the
people OF each state.
The Brookhaven leader., 1891-10-29

New YORK, Oct. 24-R G. Dun q
Co. s weekly review of trade says:
General business is remarkable active
and increasing in volume at the west,
improving at the south and distinctly
less dull than it was a week ago at
eastern cities Collections are improv-
ing in nearly all directions, as the lib
eral movement of crops enables the
farmers to settle their accounts and to
make purchases for the coming season.
The money markets are at nearly all
important points quite easy, though
with a noticeable improvement in the
demand. These signs plainly promise
a strong trade for the fall and winter
unless disturbances, which can not now
be foreseen, should interrupt.