The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1891-03-06
STOCK, FARM AND GARDEN.

STOCK, FARM AND GARDEN.
The pear tree is more liable to
disease than any other fruit tree that
we have, except the peach yet, when
1t does 1--we, it is often the longest
lived Of all.
The best remedies for that disease
known as depression of agriculture"
are to make the soil deep and rich
with high culture and manure; also
to keep good cattle, and to farm no
more land than can be farmed we'll.
The growth of the Farmers ALI
ance has been almost unprecedented in
the history of associations of any sort.
Branches have now been organized
in 80 States, numbering in all $4,000
separate local societies, and embrace
ing membership of fully 100000
If the grape vines were not properly
pruned last fall, do it now, before the
buds start. Cut away all superfluous
wood, get the vine down to a size and
shape that will enable you to handle
it, and remember that by no Overoear
you will get the finest product.
The lands that are best adapted to
sheep are high plateaus or rolling
lands. They are more subject to dis
ease on lower levels, and are not so
well adapted to a warm, moist atmOs-
phere as to the rarer and dryer air of
the uplands. Low marshy or swampy
lands have tendency to bring on
foOt-rot and kindred disease.
1t seems that the Anferi an hog
the fOUr-fO9ted on9-is at last to tri-
umph in Europe. The CouIcil of the
Department of Roches du RhOne,
France, has recently called for the
amendment OF the decree against
American port, the hygienic authori-
ties having unanimously declared
that its admission would envolve no
danger to the public health.
A drop or two Of turpentine in the
food is the proper remedy for chick
with the gapes. When a lamb is
troubled in ii similar way, give it 20
drops of the same in tablespoonful
of milk. When a calf coughs and
becomes thin and poor, give it a
tablespoonful OF the same in a pint of
linseed Cruel. All these ills come
from the same source, and are caused
by the throat and lung thread works,
which is elected by the fumes of the
turpentine.
Bloating indicates Indigestion, and
is due to formation of gas In the
stOmacI from the fermentation Of the
indigested food. With cows the
nj nd
results most seriously. The remedy
is to get rid of Il oause-indigestion
which may be done as follows:
Give one quart of raw linseed oil,
then feed bran mash twice q day,
with cut hay or good pasture, and
one teaspOOnful each OfAowdered sui
phate of iron aud gentian root in the
mash.
On reason why drainage pays is
that Uae very soils which most need
drainage are the most productive, as
rule, when drained Clay soils, for
instance, which are retentive of
moisture, and, therefore, cold and
late, are strong soils, and are reten-
tive of applied manures. Being put
in proper mechanical condition, they
will give better and more regular re-
turns than naturally dry soils, which
are often deficient in plant food, and
less retentive of applied manures.
The best treatment for a young
orchard is to keep the surface OF the
ground mellow and clean. If while
the orchard is starting the owner
feels that he must use the land for
some productive crop, it should be
some hOed crop, that requires clean
pI xrnt oil for
this purpose, the partial shade which
it affords the young trees during the
hot months being of some advantage.
Pear trees should have no mauuring,
as they will not stand forcing-blight
setting in when they grow too rapidly.
As an illustration of how a general
short crop may be of special profit to
individuals, it is stated that many
apple crops in Benton and Washing
ton counties, Arkansas, sold last sea-
son for more money than the worth
of the entire farms on which the
orchards were planted. OF course, ii
was an exceptional year, but the eX-
ceptiOnal year, for fruit growers, is
liable to come every now and then.
Put out an orchard of some sOrt-pear,
apple, peach, plum or cherry, and
some of these years it will prove the
best Investment you have.
1t is fact that can not be disputed
that farmers do not exercise their
wits sufficiently in considering how
they may widen the range of their
business.
Ifthey cOnfine themselves to raising
corn and wheat, and pork aud beef,
their market will always be narrow
4 hni r
ingenuity, in the same way that
manufacturers and other business
men are constantly doing, in All effort
to get up a greater diversity OF
products, or to put old products up in
new ways, they could widen their
market almost indefinitely.
The food of plant, like that of an
animal, must be such AZ it can absorb
and assimilate. If the soil Is found
to lack any element of plant food, we
must supply it if we should have the
fullest results. AS all plants take
up their nutriment in a liquid form,
it argues that liquid manure should
give the promptest and surest growth
While it is not possible to apply all
manure in liquid form, it should be
applied in such form as to be easily
soluble under the normal conditions
of moisture in the soil, This is why
fine and well-rotted manures are
more prompt and effective in their
action than coarse, green ones.
Feeding for fat or lean"is some
thing more than a mere theory. The |
practice of feeding for lean" is based |
upon sound economy. 1t is cheaper |
to produce meat that confirms a large |
of lean with the fat than
10 fatten hog to such a condition |
as to fit it only for the production of
lard, and it is fact that the feeding
for lean meat greater weight of
carcass is procured, ard at no more
expense, than in producing an excess
of fat. Corn is the great fat produc-
ing food. By diminishing the ration
of corn and substituting for a portion
of it bran, middlings, milk and clover
(the latter chopped and scalded)
larger, healthier aud heavier hogs
can be grown.
The prize competition instituted
two years ago by the american Ag- +
has brought out some inn
mense yields, and has done much to
show the possibilities in this line.
The lal gest crop amounted to nearly
900 bushels 1914 bushels aetIlal