New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-05
FORESTRY ABROAD.
TREATMENT OF WOODLAND BY TIE
NATIONS OF EUROPE.
ACTIVE AND sTUDI0US CARE THAT SHOULD b.
INITIATED ~ THIS coUNTEY-1NTELLIGHNr
PROVISION MADE EVEN IL ASiArIC
BtNDs-PRIVATE ENTERPRISE
INsCFFiCIEN'

INSUFFICIENT.
Tic following paper on G9veTnmeit forestry
abroad was read last week in Washington. at tie
meeting of the National Forestry Association pS
Clifford PiEchot. a young American. who Is study
ing the subject in Europe under tic best a''Nan'-
ages, and who speaks with full knowledge:
The nAt!ons whose forest policies might jgs.!s calm
attention aye 20 numcrou, tlat slal cohhe NY ~
marks chiefly 10 those with when haNc oCoh i
enough u gain some pcfs ina afq4alnVdioo p,,, {,
Germany naturally suggests liseli niS'' i n.r IL,
the Cicrnan Empire TO trea; Independently tne differ
cnt stats Of hlch it is composed ana u l. tlc W.
needfu t. eater into EXTENDED discussion DTca &C
a common prnrplo lies AT the root Of forest pOl'! III
each Of thcm ard he fnll' Illustrated by ryiG
& &c 10 any Oro This principle. spcciA TO no conhH
or form Of government holds that the state Is the
guardian Of all pubic interests. ii piolC @ -
be taken ~ mean all interests other tah prFalc one
This maxim may be said to SIN up the forest PLI'N
of nearly all the Nations OF turopc' SPh.' nIcc'o
and The states Of the Balkan Peninsula are the eX
ccntionS CT the countries Of which i true. Prussia
may first example. CovSf,ng an IRA c vi
approXimatcv the same per II the surface Of The
c,Intrv as those of the United Stat'>' iH,N p"HcI
ship point Of capital mpofsnrc IN relation T. our
~ y cent 10 towns. village conmuhItc, ana otleI
public bodies l6 per cent ana - 70 pr IS pcT cent
The relation Of the state to- ne forest III. III. ~
owns is simple ard rational ooine ,a a. G in
the Of the Nation. the Htac haS S.ed's T r
fused % deliver n wo1allad' U rnoc of c hands
of Shnrt lived AID los providcnt owner. But the
Government Of Prussia la, not s'9ppcdd hcr: oroto
lection standing alone i irntoDh ana ln'oInpcu,
The whcrr forest reaches u hlsn,N' ,oI
by simply existing ar rare me ch'n 1n
20 lie idle. and the forest r. timber producer ma
taken IL place among the pGrlneren n dx w. ttImr
bv managing il, own forests trongh rs own iofrS'
ocer The principle Tp'e , WCn b , bonT nor ro T
Al thc head ~ the Forest Service. In WORT "hich
carries all the weight Of an Official document. he
THE fundamental rules for the management o. stat"
forests are these: T'Ist. g keep rci1l' within ne
attain consistently with ,nch treatment The cralr.t
output Of most useful products in The , ,hor1c,i 'le
ZION - tt@ forSstS 10 treat thc Government wood
lands a. trust held for the Nation a., Woo, To- ,'
faction 81 1t, needs for forest produce ard me Pc
lection which The forest givc>. ana io- all 'uuc ue
at lcist I'M equal share Of equal blessings.
With ryepcc 10 tn second ella, Of forest property
that belonging TO towns village, and oIler P"o or
degree ~ control over ne ,lanaE,"i ill.,, "'' n Nv
sphere 81 n, action varies within wldc Unit l,o
far. ho~cver. the action 81 IN. ''o'oii'',t Gum,
many. II prevent absolutely the treatment oi any
methods, doe 1t allow any mcn n,cs /" Vc cay %
into effect which may dcvrr' r9,,crN % ,'r ,;a
tionaby true that in France. a, ser As III ''cr.'r
the state management OF communal Forest ir7 ~
root 81 me Pr ie"%X G w H. o,Scr hand VILLAGE,
whose take, wholly paid by Their torc-i' arc 10y
no meau> rare on the other. ne SAFE ol ,oill'u'A
forest property in certain part 81 German, y ,t
has been followed with depl'aihle i~SulartF by tlD
impovcrishncr; of The Villages which were lhNIHc
The rriaoi, Of the STATE to the third ca, Of for
cstS those hclor-iHs - pi'a,@ popf''G are %.
lions is. however the same To quote again from
The duty o; the state to sustain and further ne
well being 81 ii. citizens. rc-ardcd an iuperSlahl'
whole. implies TIC ricAt and the dniF 10 ,"y'.t nc
t4oi o. al ''''''' 70 It's ''','''''' ~ w
Prussia Of al the German coqntriea. has pccied
the rllht- Of property INST highly. and ihH Govern
Ecnt exert practically no restraining influence except
whore the psu's Of dcfoTc'tatIon would be seriously
Tie policy Of state aid In The aTorc taon Of waste
nnls important through their situation on nigh er"ua
or otherwise Is fully recognized. hut th' ab"hce ol
considerable mountain chain, has given 10 this branch
Of government Influence much less prominence Than ia
the Alp, 81 Austria, switzerland and France "h'rt 10
advantage appear larger and moir sirkin. Gale
pa, next 10 switzerland. cuntry vhc" TIE De
ve.opment rather than the artia conaton 3t iof'>,
forestry IN the Swiss Republic Il OF peculiar ntei-t
t. the people oi TIE United states. 5eranNe ia lie Dc
ginnngs may BE- traced many ot The character nc, of
Tho situation erc and now. and because the Sws' IKE
the American. were col fronicd by The problem 81
concrete forc policy extending the variou, states
,cd and mot The least fr,If Of II, solution j, he
fact that tn people switzerland have recognized th"
cSuntry. end a fn and hearty appreciation ani sup
port OF The fore, policy of The Confederation l-
Son after tie middle Of The lat century says
Professor Laudolt. To- whom. more than - any one
cl-c the ueoc~-iu forest policy Of Switzerland j. due
forr.tr and between i7-o ana 1890 the Caut,n, fol
lowing the lead Of Bruc. -uccerlcd IN appointing
io-c, officer. whose frs task VA, to become con
state and larger communal fpicsts ana l" maze
suggestion, for their future treatment The appoint
n1en of STAT fore, Office, Is e. he regarded the
beginning Of regular forest management "nat nun
subject tire, piautn- among otcr,-had boon promul
gated In fo:ncr centuries. They hid been often re
ncwcd Int without forest oncci, they could not be
emf VtlPu "A who's. 7 rfSirN IN SNiiIcfHtn
has made satisfactory progress regards legislation
The Improvement Of forest management and the in
OF The forte, on In l-j5 l' swiss Forest school Wa
o,tsbll.h e4I and provision wa. thus made forest
stan Of our own educated With special reference {,
fonfdcG I'm IS43 Thrnuch lrci.~nt agitation and Is
setting 70 IN what action va, ncccSsarN Il hd- rendered
grazt services 10 the cdH-e Of fore, protection
foundation Of the rest school the examination OF The
higher mountain forests, tao passage oil ne" forest
M and the correction Of TIC torrents Partly at lea-t
as result Of HI, efforts. Federal forest Inspector wa
APPOINTED in 1873, aud yea Isicr tt INST lOical law
~ thn nnfrdc-a,inn wa, pa--eJ The passage Of this
law YEA. Immediately followed almost ever, where by
the appointment OF trained Forest officers. ana al! ia.
Cantos whose forest legislation Wa detective anehded
VI @0nr forest laws" says Professor LandoIt. arr
Intended Ia work more through Instruction. good
rupe and encouragement than BY severe regulations
They REQUIRE the same treatment for the 0iosis OF the
state tie c0nimnhcs, ana o'hcr PUBIC gGuits lnr
oversight private forests l. less strict. Their owners
may not reduce thc area of their woodlands without
The consent OF the cshtonaI government must phh'
giOwtn ana bound TO taAe proper care of the gro"
ing STOCK, but not hca 10 Conservative manage
ucut The consent OF the fcdcml Assemble l. nee
csail t. tho ,lca.lnE O private iahd on INC sleeper
slup,s." M 80
an France which stands with Germany AT the head
of tno tons regards thorOuenc, Of forest policy,
the large 81 >,atc ana otGct pubnt i0fcsis Is
IN admirable condition. The training oil tTrch ohcer'
and 10 >Omc extent Tho treatment OF fIchch forests
diicr, widely tom those when Distinguish Prussia
Init TINS training extends over Two years Instead
OF the six 10 eight spent by the PusSian candidate,
cannot but the task OI national forest admins
trtiUn easier, especially IN view Of the excellent
ana very often wonderful csnlts which the frcnc
forest r., have achieved PERHAPS their most brilliant
WORK has Dcen accomplish III the correction 81 the
10 the Alps, ~ rcnces ana CcvcnneN, In the
cOurc OF when $50 900 acres have been rcwOOdcd
uuder d.icultlcs which Sccil almost lnsuim0untablc
The Necessity his vast undertaking. whIch las cDs
lie french Government upward OF JO.OOOOOO
francs, may be traced ia most cases directly to noun
tain pastuIasc ana the Whole stDiS Oh reDolsclclil
ia France ul OF the deepest Interest IN comparison
with the past history, and probably future. Of our
mountain forests.
Perhaps the closest analogy TO our own conditions III
the magnitude of the 10 be treated the lncucS
q