davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1891-11-12
THE AUSTRALIAN BALLOT.

THE Australian ballot is spoken Of ~
something new discovered or Invented
BY the present generation. The fact IL,
the system IL very old, 20 old that II
runs back to primitive times.
Oi course where absolute monarchles
prevailed there was no need OF bal.
lot. Among the ancient Jews, who In
measure were n self.goyerned people,
nj least before tho king period, sys.
tenn Of casting lots was observed Ia the
selection Of persons for office or au.
thority. II IL true that even Ia this
scheme Il was believed that God
would send the right lot To the night
man. Anyhow, II is to this primitive
source that historians trace the nrst
Idea OF n secret ballot.
A ballot system prevailed among the
ancient Greeks. Originally n peb-
BILE or small stone was used.
A whole onc meant an affirmative, and
perforated pebble negative. Later
y" WV Po""ie kA'' way wan V''iV'"
lorh mAuo OF bronze anu Stamped.
There were different methods observed
lor the oiec,lon OF inc various oiheefH.
for some u wi" merely a snow OF
hands, for others by lot, and still for
o'her wh''e anu piAeN Deans were
useu' rms m''et system Ied 70 inc
hAoit OF Gaming hungry oHcesecAsEH
bean ea'en'
what was known Us ostracism
among tue ureeks WI" carried out ~ "a
tuicily private oallot' "hen u leader
made himself 40 oonoN'ous ihAt neither
party could tolerate h'in' vote Of
exile was ordered Each person wrote
the name on piece OF shell and put II
secretly Into a box " a majority OF
the votes 'hns cast cAiieu an ohieial TO
leave tue country, he must do 80 and
remain away ten years. IL was an
easy mc'hou 81 get'ihs riu OF dema-
goguos, but unfortunately philosophers
were thus sent away ny inc Tricks oil
politicians. Aristides The Just was
thus banished and he even wrote his
own name on a shell Tor an illiterate
person, because the politicians raised
tho cry OF exile ioF him' ~ was such
cases OF injustice AS this which nnally
led TO the abolition OF the custom.
what u known ~ inc Australian
ballet among us was Introduced into
Rome two centuries before Christ
Each voter received a wooden shingi,
covered with wax. On THIS were writ
ten the names OF all the candidates
The voter then made hole In the waa
In fronl OF the name ne Wlshed elected
TO once, then placed ms tablet In The
ballot box but win the fa'i OF The re-
public passed away the necessity for
ballot systom'
During the middle ages The ballo
was used In many OF tho Italian ropub
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1891-11-12

thus the siuiling business he carried
out. Paper ballots are nov used there.
In nearly every country sysiem
peculiar 10 Itself prevails. In Greece
at present little lead balls are used ~
ballots. In Italy stamped official
papers are given to voters. In France
the ballot system Is something the
same rs the older forms in the United
States. England uses the Australian
system. About twenty eight or thirty
Of the States now use come form OF It..
But II IL far from boing modern in
vention, and In the past Il was not
found equal to the cgookedness Of
politicians.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1891-11-12
SILK And CLOAK
. IS ALE-z IN

1000 yards Of Fancy Weave Novelty qualities
choicest dosigns 0Oc $780, s5 positively
from sl.5O TO $500 per yard.
Falc Franchise extra quality, % inches wide 0c
5000 Chdn's and Misses Coats si25 rs, s75, $500
Si25 and $500 a saving OF 30 per cent.
lauloh admit
beautiful Styles, after looking Mt \, Auerbsch Bros
Far Trimmed Camos Hair Jackets, valued $500
The --latest a0inch Bengallne, At SHE. worth sl.sj.
$1,000 all SILK Matalasse Jackets o. sl4.50.
Black Armure Silk, $50 yards. nj ss7lc, si.a5.
1000 yards OF Black Surah silk 55c.
All sk Crepe de Chine In lovely evening valued
Slb0.
20 pieces 80 inch colored sog only all
wool
Satin Luxor, 200 yards, at 07ac, reduced from si5.
Satin I4uSor $50 yards at sl.S5, valued at $500.
Camc Hair ELECT Novelties 10 In. WIDE
SiO0. -
800 Novelty Cape Paris made at $4,000. bargain.
Black G Grain Silk yard is inches regular price $50
Satin Rhadame, 900 yards, 90 inches 67lc
BenRane Ottoman effect $50 yards g2lc
Fale Fancase quality 20 inches wilde 07!c worth $3.50
800 yards Black Brocado SILK, At 5c reduced from sab
s22.50 i2-nch Plush Goats for 5000
$3.50 Lister Plush Goats elegantly lined, for $500.
fl6'00 Plush Jackets, Satin Lined, $3.50.
Magnificent $1,000 silk Down Quilts They'll 20 quick.
Our $3.50 Furrrmmed Reefers cheap at $1,000.
$1,000 Chalie Tea Gowns, slightly faded,
b. Prey Co.'S GENUINE Silk Warp AIelrose Err
mlne Cloths crepe, Canels Hair Brocades etc, at prices
before approached
Our Tea Gowns Ladie' Suits Wrappers getting crushed aud
for A onethrd Will sell
quick
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1891-11-12

THE citizens OF salt Lake should take
note Of the fact that Richard Harris,
alias" Lit,lcDlckDleft beaver yesterday
for this city. lie viii be an Interest.
ing addition 10 The "crook" fraternity
already located here. He Il cracks-
man and was ordered out Of Denver
for the good Of that town. The people
ought to look to their door and window
fastenings, anu keep their shoiguns In
shane.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1891-11-12
A pOLITICAL REYIEM.

MR. HESRy WATTERsoN Of the
courier Journal oilers the following
testimony on the recent elections;
Had tho Democratic candidate for
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16
WISCONSIN COMING.

The open Alliance of Wisconsin held
it's annual session last week at La
Crosse. President Polk, by invitation,
was present and made a speech to the
body and also one to the public. He
was accompanied by Hon. Jere Simp-
son, of Kansas, who also addressed the
people. The Alliance adopted reso-
luton unanimously recommending the
consolidation of the State Alliance
with the N. f. A. & I. u. and sub
mitted the matter to a vote of the Sub
Alliances of the State to be taken be-
fore the first day of September. lie the
action of the State body be ratified by
w -thirds of the Sub-Alliances, then
the State will be represented at our
Supreme Council. There is little doubt
that this will be done. President
Polk was most kindly and cordially
received and found a warm fraternal
feeling among these worthy people.
And thus the great cause of the people
goes forward.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16
THE DURHAM FERTILIZER co.

The above company has recently
been put in a rather unenviable light
before the public. The PROGRESSIVE
FARMER has taken the pains to ascer-
tain the facts of the case, and, in the
spirit of fair play to all concerned, it
lays the facts before it's readers.
Some time ago two carloads of fertil-
izer were shipped from Durham to
Mebane. Upon opening and unload
ing those cars it was found that the
bags nearest the doors of the cars had
tags upon them. While those bags
most remote from the doors were with
out tags.
Sometime after the shipment referred
to above, complaint came to the Agri-
cultural Department at Raleigh that
an analysis of the goods of the Durham
Fertilizer Co. showed those goods to
be considerably below the standard
of value prescribed by law. The Com
missioner of Agriculture. sent at once
and got samples of the goods said to
be below the standard, and had them
officially analysed. The official analy-
sis showed the goods to be 81 3 below
the lawful standard. The Commits
sioner has required the Company to
make up the shortage in value in these
goods.
We have no desire to be unfair in
this matter to any of the parties con
cerned. We make only a simple state
ment of facts as they have been pre-
sented to us. THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER
is open to the Company to make any
statements to the public that it may
think important. We also invite the
public to use our columns to make any
disclosures of additional facts that the
people may be interested in knowing.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

gage and work it. I think the planL
relating to the foreign or alien and
nonresident owners of land ought to
be pushed ahead of all others, althouob
it may not be so apparently important
at the present, it will be, in a few
years, unless there is some chanpo
more important to the Iaboring farmer
than the tariff or any political party
Some have named 2 per cent. as the
interest for this money, but we cannot
deny that the use of money is worth
something, and 3 to 4 per cent. is the
lowest price for it in any country, and
[ would have the Postal Savings bank
so popular and successful just across
the line in Canada, in force with us. to
pay 8 per cent. This is but just to the
laborers who are not farmers and the
young men who hope to be sometime,
and is a great incentive to many to
save some Of their earnings. Then let
the cost of money orders be reduced so
it will cost no more to send one than
1t OeS a DanK check, and you Will soon
have n army of non-producers out of
a job.
do not think I have advanced any
thing new, only taken suggestions
from others and pieced them together
in new form. I have been as brief as
possible, but if it interests any one and
is agreeable to you, will answer any
queries or arguments, for I think I can
give a reasonable answer to any obiec-,
ton that can be raised against this
scheme, and that it would give us a
currency better than that contem-
plated by the Silver bill, and would
furnish to the farmer money to raise
his crop, before the crop is raised, not
after it is housed, like the Sub-Treas-
ury scheme. B. J.. N.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16
THE STATE UNIVERSITY WILL
HOLD ITS COMMENCEMENT
JUNE 14TH TO nth.

The elegant invitation to the com
mencement exercises of the University
Of Tennessee has been received. 1t
promises a delightful time for those
who attend.
The exercises extend over four days,
beginning On Sunday, the 18th, and
ending Wednesday evening, the 18th
Of June.
DR.. R. A. Holland, the distinguished
Episcopal clergyman of st. Louis, Mo,
delivers the baccalaureate sermon on
Sunday evening.
The PHO and Chi Delta Literary So
cieties hold their annual celebration
on Monday evening. The Alumni
Association holds its anniversary and
hears an address from Thomas H.
Cooke, Esq, of Chattanooga, on Tues
day evening.
Wednesday morning the regular
commencement exercises will be held.
The academic class is a large and
strong one. The new and interesting
feature Of the occasion will be the
graduation of seven young men from
the new, but vigorous and growing law
department of the University. This is
the largest class yer graduated from
a law school in its second year. There
will be the usual orations from repre-
sentatives of both the academic and
law classes and the delivery of
diplomas, honors and distinctions.
The annual address before the
students, which is the last act of the
occasion, will be delivered by that
elegantand eloquent young Southerner,
John Temple Graves, Esq, of Macon,
Ca, whom his friends declare we will
soon recognize as Henry W. Grady's
successor and heir.
The Alumni hold their annual bust
ness meeting at 3 p. M, Wednesday,
and the glorious commencement of the
class of 81 will conclude with the
usual banquet and ball that evening.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16
AN IMPORTANT STEP FORWARD

Whatever may be said concerning
the farmer legislature" the public
are beginning to realize that the last
General Assembly showed greater wis
dom, so far as the agriculture of the
State is concerned (and as it did in
everything else) than probably any
session in the history of this common
wealth. This was due to a larger ele-
ment of agriculturists that composed
that body, than ever before.
In u opinion, among the many
acts passed, whereby the agriculture
of the State is to be greatly benefited,
the law requiring the listing of agri-
cultural statistics is one of the most
important.
Under the provisions of this enact
ment, the farmers of the State are re-
quired, under the same rules and regu-
lations as govern the listing of taxes,
to give in statistics as to the average,
amount raised and value of all farm
products, including live stock on hand,
COSO u raising SdIu6, nduu0 OL DF60Q,
and amount of farm supplies pur-
chased.
In compliance with this law, the
Commissioner of Agriculture has sent
out to the several counties in the State
all the necessary abstracts and blanks
for the proper listing of agricultural
statistics.
It would be well for the farmers to
post themselves a little before giving
In to the taxlisters, in order that they
may be able to fill up the abstracts in
diligently. The listing for this year
will date from June, 1890, to June,
1891, the same as is done in listing
taxes.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16
IS 1T WISE

Is it wise for the friends of reform in
our national affairs to ignore the re-
form of the tariff and put all their
strength into the agitation in favor of
the Sub-Treasury bill and in favor of
the free coinage of silver? We answer
this question without one moment Of
hesitation with an emphatic negative.
1t is constantly assumed by the reform
press that the tariff is not a financial
measure at all. This assumption is
violent and unfair. 1t is, indeed, the
most vital financial question that is
now before the people, or that can
come before the people. Any other
measures of financial reform will be
only partial and-unsatisfactory with
out such a modification of our tariff
system as will amount to the entire
regeneration of our customs regula-
tions. The mere statement of this
truth must carry conviction to any
mind that is capable of reasoning upon
these questions at all.
Some who read this article may be
inclined to say that the free silver
issue should not be abandoned in favor
of the tariff issue. Most certainly not.
Those who think that the pressing of
the tariff reform issue involves the
abandonment of the free silver issue,
have little ability to think upon this or
upon any other question of public
policy. These two issues are related,
and they should be pressed together.
The Ocala demands call for reform in
the tariff just as loudly and just as i'm
peratively as they call for the free
coinage of silver. And those who
exalt the one and slur the other over
as unimportant, are not wise.
To select one issue out of such a
complication of Infamous legislation as
the country is suffering under at the
present time is a very short-sighted
and narrow, if not a positively blind
and fatuous policy. But toward such
a policy the agitations and discussions
within the Alliance seems to be drift
ing. One hears a good deal nowadays
about being true to Alliance demands;
and not a few men have been de-
nounced as Judases and traitors to the
Alliance, because they do not agree
with the majority upon certain ques-
tions of method. We want to remind
those who + so ready to deal in de-
nunciations against their brethren,
that the reform of the tariff is just as
much a part of the Alliance demands
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

as is free silver. And we want to re-
mind brethren also that the man
with one idea is dangerous IL, more
senses than one
We are in favor of tariff reform, and
are in favor of free silver, because
we think the Alliance can get these
measures, and because we think that
the men in the other parties, who
will help them to get these reforms,
will be willing to unite with them to
secure any other reforms that may be
demanded for the good of the country.
We say it emphatically that those who
press the silver issue to the ignoring of
the tariff issue, are neither wise adj
nor safe leaders in this crisis.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

and main, the things that are possible,
or will they take the unwritten and
unspoken risks of attempting the
doubtful9 In a few words, these are
the questions that press for answering
now, and they must be, they will be,
answered, n way or the other, within
the next few months. Do we need
the union of all our forces9 Do the
needs of the country demand the union
of all our forces3 Can we win with
disunited and contending factions?
Shall the conservatism that has always
been the boast of the farming classes
make itself dominant in the present
crisis? We assure our readers that
these are immensely important ques-
tions. AS these questions shall be
answered so shall it be well or i'll with
the Alliance movement.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

THE President of the United States
has done himself great credit, has rem
dered to the people of the whole coun-
try a valuable service, has greatly hon
ored North Carolina, and has conferred
a.ftting distinction upon an eminently
capable and honorable man in the APP
pointment of Hon. T. @. Fuller to be a
Judge of the United States Court of
Land Claims. We congratulate Col.
Fuller and the entire country upon
his elevation to the dignities and duties
of judicial office.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16
COLUMBIA. N. c.. Nav s, 81,

SOhOND1A1 4Ns ~ u1dY U, 81.
At a regular meeting of Riders
Creek Alliance, No. 1926, TyrreIi
county, N. c., held in their new hall
over T. L. Jones & CO.. handsome
and nicely-arranged building, in Colum-
bia, the following new officers were
elected for the ensuing term of one
year: President, S. w. Walker; Vice.
President, S. G. Brickhouse Secretary,
G. E. Voliva, Incumbent Treasurer,
Charlie Swain, Gncumbent) Business
Agent, T. w. Swain; Chaplain, Levi
~TarkentOn; Steward, d. T. Sawyer.
While the selections were good and
appropriate in all respects, and will
no doubt enhance and put new life
into the progress of the body, and
while l don't mean to p~articularize,
yet, If you will allow me, I would like
to make a note on the election to the
important and responsible post of
President of Bro. S. Webb Walker.
He Is not yet so, but he already has
proved himself of a Judgment profound
and mature beyond his years. and the
various qualities which bid fair to
make him one of natures noblemen"
and SO pronounced that his elevation
is recognized as a fitting recognition
of his merit.
have not heard as to the election
in my alma mater-Gum Neck. No.
1924. | am satisfied that they will do
what will advance their interests, for
they are Of a progressive nature, and
Alliance advancement is their motto.
9. e. Tatem, Esq, their first and pres
sent President, is equal to the occasion
IN all respects, and, I hope, has been
reelected. They have a nice new ALI
ance hall, built by assessment, on land
donated by that thorough Alliance
man, progressive farmer and whole
souled citizen, J. L. Cooper, who Is
genial, clever and a number one son,
w. B. Cooper, conducts the store there
In the interest of the order. On the
ground floor Miss Hattie Harris, Of
Fairfield, N. c., conducts a school Of
about 40 pupils. She is very pretty,
extremely ladyIike, highly educated,
socially and educationally. The stan
dard will be raised by her residence,
which, if I do not greatly mistake, will
be permanent.
Crops are better advanced than
might be expected by reason of the
frosts, etc. and l trust they viii realize
an abundant one. We have an excel
lent Sunday-sehool here, three miles
from Columbia, at Fork Academy, >;
Webb Walker, Superintendent. Heard
an excellent sermon to-day by Mr.
1redel Ambrose of the Primitive faitF.
General health good.
Yours fraternally,
A. B. LEWIS
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

THE North Carolina Agricultural Ex-
pertinent Station, under the enlight-
ened management of Fl. B. Battle, Phi.
D., has rendered a valuable service,
not alone to North Carolina, but to the
entire public and to thescientific litera-
ture of the day by the publication of a
book of $50 pages, whose title is, The
DISEASES OF THE HORSE. The volume
is well printed, elegantly Illustrated
and neatly bound in paper covers. We
most heartily thank DR.. Battle for a
copy of this elegant and valuable
work. Publications of this character
cannot fail to bring our beloved State
into the ranks of progressive common
Wealths.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

THERE have been strong efforts made
to connect Postmaster General Wanna
maker with the failure of the keystone
Bank in Philadelphia. 1t gives us
pleasure to State that Mr.. Wanamaker
has appeared as a witness and has
made it clear that he had no connec-
ton whatever with the bank failure.
We have no sympathy whatever with
Mr.. Wanaker's politics. But we are
unfeignedly glad that the present in
vestigation discloses nothing to cause
any one to lose confidence in him as an.
honest man. We take this occasion
to say that we think it infamous in the
newspapers to denounce men as scoun-
drels upon the promptings of mere
suspicion. How can those papers whose
habit it is to deal in wholesale denun-
citation of public men upon the stink
ing insinuations of hireling correspon-
dents maintain the respect of honest
and decent men?
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

WE take great pleasure in stating
that a very fine oil painting, the por-
trait of ex Lieut.. Gov. Stedman, will
be on exhibition this week in the studio
of the painter, w. G. Randall, at 134
Fayetteville street, Raleigh, N. @. We
advise everybody to see this elegant
work Of art.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

Hon. THoMAsE. WATSON, of Georgia,
will be with and address the people at
the G%oldshoro grand rally on the 9th.
Everybody should hear him. Of this
gentleman we clip the following from
an editorial in the National Economist.
Mr.. Watson was elected to the legis-
lature in 1882; was made elector for the
State at large on the Cleveland ticket
in 1888; was elected to Congress in 1890
by a practically unanimous vote. He
stood squarely on the Alliance plat
form, and stands there now. His dis
triet is n of the most aggressive ALI
ance districts in the State, and Mr..
Watson and his Alliance brethren ex-
pect to keep it so. In all his votes,
speeches and public acts, he will be
found side by side with those who be-
lieve the Ocala platform is the best
guarantee of relief to the people"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

IT gives us pleasure to state that the
Training School for Women has been
located at Greensboro. Prof. G.. D.
McIver was elected President, and
Prof. E. A. Alderman was elected to
the chair of English and History.
These are splendid selections, both as
to location and men.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16
MADRAS. Nav IA. 1891.

II. B. BATTLE, Sir:-Your bulletins
are regularly received. That relating
to grasses is very interesting and in
structive. I am very much obliged to
your kindness and iberality. 1 see in
Bulletin No. "a applications are invited
for Diseases of the horse. If I prove
fortunate in getting a copy it will be
of immense service to the people among
whom I move. Trusting l may be
favored with the book in question, and,
if possible, annual reports of the State
Board of Agriculture for the last two
or three years. I beg to be excused for
the trouble I give. I beg.to remain, sir,
Your most obedient servant,
G. RAJAH GOPAL NAIDU,
Agricultural Inspector, No. 81, Trive-
tyoor High Road, Madras, India.
The above postal card from far off
India shows. the esteem in which our
Agricultural Experiment Station is
held abroad.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

Don't stop, brother, until The Pro
gressiUe Farmer goes regularly to eUery
home an yOur neighborhOod.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

In writing to anybody, always b.
sure to give the name of your postofice
and sign your own name plainly.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-06-16

Do you want your communication
published If so, give us your real
name and your p~ostoffice.