The Helena independent. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1891-11-04

biting the manger or partition of the stall
that it is not a true cribber; that is, he
does not catch hold and grip the object.
contracting the muscles about tho jaws and
neck in a spasmodic manner. He only
nibbles and endeavors to bite and eat avail
able bodies, and makes no gulping sound
as if endeavoring to swallow, as a real
crlbber doe,. After leaving the mouth, a
look should be taken ut tho nostril of the
nigh side-it is usual to examine the nigh
side first with q view of noting if there is
any discharge, and if SO, the character
of it. ~
The most serious conditions of which a
discharge may be a symptom are gland
eGs and nasal gleet. In acute or severe
cases of these diseases the discharge is gem
elally sufficiently profuse and other symp-
toms SO we'll marked of serious and chronic
disease that even a casual observer is not
likely to be misled with the idea of it being
indicative of a simple and unimportant
trouble. In a large majority of cases a dis
charge from the nose is a symptom of COM
nor cold, influenza or %strangles. none of
which ale usually serious Ill their results;
but it is seldom wise to purchase a horse.
Particularly if required for immediate use,
unless the nature of the trouble of which it
is a symptom can be determined to be of a
simple nature. This, however, is not always
possible. and it 1s generally safer not to
complete a bargain until the discharge
ceases. In chronic cases Of gland
sEs the and d is aps to- is n Gsisn , eny
into the belief that the disease Of which it
is a symptom is not serious. If, however.
the glands between the branches of the
lower jaw are enlarged. knotted. hardened
and adherent to the skin in addition to the
discharge. it points strongly to glanders AZ
being the condition present. Chambers,
however, is rarely met with in Canada. SO
that in practice it seldom causes much
anxiety; but it is nevertheless necessary to
be on the alert for it, particularly in strange
horses and in those from Il distance. Nasal
gleet is not contagious like CHAMBERS, and
seldom, if ever, fatal in its ~regults, but is
q very disagreeable disease to encounter
and is often very obstinate to cure. The
eye is next examined and should be care
fully scrutlnized, as arrangements of it
have a great influence on Il horBe's value.
Diseases and injuries of any of the struc-
lures connected with the exterior of the
eye t Ses es ssfljy detected ars sis M oommdon
Of the eyeiid is wanting, po there
is danger of irritation Of the eyeball result
ing from the want of protection against
the admission of too much light. as wolf rs
against accidental injuries II the adInis-
Sou OF foreign bodies; consequently they
are considered to be an unsoundness.
Growth on the superficial structures of the
eyes ale of course an u~nsoundness, but they
are generally amenable to treatment, and
restoration to soundness can usually be
effected. White specks on the ball of
the eye, remaining after all inflammation
has subsidized for some time, are likely to be
permanent; and as they interfere with the
proper passage of the rays of light into the
eye, and consequently with vision. are an
unsoundness. The leaking of tears from
the eye over the face. when there is no in
fammation of it, iB due to obstruction of
the dnct that naturally carries them off;
and though causing no serious ill-results
beyond being unsightly, would be consid-
cred an unsoundness and a cause Of depre-
citation in valne in a fancy horse, although
1t is of no practical Importance.
1t ia, however, to the interior structures
of the eye that we have to look for the most
serious u~nsoundpess az we'll as those most
difficult to detect. There is Il form of in
flammation of the eyeball, which, from it's
recurring character, is called %recurrcnt
ophthalmia. As this generally results in
permanent injury to the organ of vision, it
ls of great Importance to be able to detect
evidence of its having been present, rs well
as to appreciate the changes which nave
The popularity Of this form of infan,ma-
ton of the eye is that it comes on without
any apparent direct injury or other cause in
some instances, though frequently we find
that it is apt to follow the subsection of
horses to depressing influences such M un-
usually hard work during unfavorable
weather, or insufficient food, or unwhole-
some stables. duo to filth and imperfect
ventilation. There is Il general inflamma-
ton of the structures of the eye which con-
tinues Il varying time, then subsidies, but