Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-09-19
COAL, IRON AND STONE.

How These Products Are to Re Exhibited
at the Chicago Worlds Fair.
In no other department of the Columbian
exposition at Chicago will be seen greater d.
versity OF exhibits than in that of mines and
mining. Not only will there be dazzling ar
ray OF diamonds, opals, emeralds and other
gems and of the precious metals. but o most
extensive collection Of iron, copper, lead
end other ores; Of coal, granite,
marble, sand stone and other building stone
OF soils, salt. petroleum. and. indeed, of almost
| everything, useful or beautiful, belonging to
| the mineral kingdom. How extensive the
mineral exhibit from other countries will be
it is yet too early to know, but the indications
| are that it will surpass any that has heretofore
| been made.
Owing to the fact that what has been pub.
| lishcd thus far relating to tho exhibit in this
department has been almost exclusively con-
corning gold silver and the various precious
stones and rare collections of minerals, many
may have inferred, perhaps, that the baser
metals and minerals are TO receive scant atten-
| ton. This Ii far from being the case.
THE EXHIBIT OF COAL
at the exposition will be qualitative rather than
qunntitive. Not only will the different varieties
Of coal which the different localities produce
be shown. but chemical analyses of each and
| the results OF tests determining economic value
and adaptnbility to various uses. The coal re.
sources OF the different states and sections will
| be shown by geological maps and draw.
inss showing. contguration, qualification,
| Gc., which will render apparent the extent
and accessibility of the coal beds and veins
| For example, 1t will be shown that coal meas
ures of varying thickness underlie great por.
| ton OF the state ofTeXas-some forty or fifty
| counties-and that although the coal produc-
| af has for hna IL,
small the supply is practically ineXhaust ble,
| and that much of the coal is Of excellent
| quality.
| AND IRON.
So, too. as regards iron. The most strenuous
efforts will be made to have an exhibit worthy
Of that great branch Of industry. This coun.
try is now the first nation in the world in iron
production, having recently forged ahead
Of Great Britain, its only real competi
tor Our production OF pig iron now exceeds
| l0,OOO.00O tons annually, or nearly four timei
what 1t was ten years ago, and the production
OF steel now aggregates about 5000, 600 tons g
year, growth of nearly 300 per cent in the
decade The development OF the iron 70
sources OF the southern states has been espe
cially great and rapid.
The display at the exposition will be pre-
pared and collected under the fullest apprecia.
ton OF the magnitude and importance OF the
iron industry. There will be shown all the
| MANY NdTIcues OI ores, VIII Iul uata as 10 the
| location and extent of their beds, the analysis
of each ore, and, SO far as possible, the DIFF.
| ferent processes Of treatment in the
| manufacture of iron and steel.
! STONE.
Another exhibi. which will be very extensive
and varied will be that of building stone
Granite, lime stone, marble, sand stone and blue
stone, in scores of varieties and scores Of col.
ors. will be shown by the finest specimen
proc urable. Nearly every state has quarries OF
native material of excellent quality From one to
| half dozen Of the twenty or more recognized
varieties Of granite. for example. are Quarried
| in twenty-eight states, Massac b usetts, Maine
California and Connecticut being the largest
producers. The value of the granite output in
1889 WAS S14. 464.O95. an increase Of more than
| s9,0O0.O00 over that of 1880. Lime stone ID
| quarried in almost every state, Pennsylvania
and Illinois taking the lead The value OF the
output in 1889 was sl9, 095, l73. This Is exclu-
sive Of the output Of marble. Il species Of lime
stone, the quarrying of which in q number OF
| the states IS an important and extern
sive industry. The exhibit of building
| justly demands Thousands of specimens
many of them highly polished and very beau.
| titul. will be shown, and accompanying each
will be the result OF tests made to determine
strength, durability and other merits as con.
struction material. The exhibit, which will be
made in the mines and mining depar tment
will, it is believed, mean very much in the mat
ter OF rapid development Of newly discovered
mines and quarries, and the attraction of CAPT
| tai to many which, through lack OF il, have
| been but little worked.