davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
Lll-lll a. IA I'LL

able stiffness and with flexible side portions o
india rubber or textile material thoroughly
water PROCEED. These buoyant air chambers
we're very similar IN construction and opera
ton TO an accordion OF a blacksmiths bellows.
The vessel was also supplied with a main shaft
or shafts and with sliding spars or shafts. the
latter passing down through the buoynnt cham
bers and made fast 10 their bottoms: also with
sories OF ropes and pullcys. whereby by
turning the main shaft or shafts an one il
rection the buoyant air chambers would be
forced downward into the water and at the
same time expanded and filled with air for
buoying up the vessel by the displacement OF
the water: and by turning the shaft OF shafts in
an opposite direction the chambers would be
contracted into a small space aud secured
against injury.
Ii is also stated that President Lincoln Was
the inventor Of the very ingenious method Of
emptying boats of water when they had be-
come so filled that bSiling necessary. lie
bored hole in the bottom of the boat and by
heading the boat up stream in an opposite di.
rection TO that in which the tide was moving a
suction Was formed which very quickly drew
out the water through the opening bored in the
bottom OF the boat.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
MISTAKEN IDENTITY.
A Remarkable Instance Comes to Light in
a Federal Court in Texas.
from the Dallas NnYa

Remarkable Instance Comes to Light in
Federal Court in Texas.
From the Dallas News.
Richard Whitley yesterday had an examina-
ing trial before Federal Commissioner Lednum
and was honorably acquitted of a charge of
robbing the Unite4 States mail coach on the
Missouri, Kansas and Texas road, near McNeal
Station, i'll 1897. His arrest revealed remark
able case of mistaken identity
When Whitley arrested it was thought
that he was John Ensall, who was arrested on
the charge of the train robbery, but who escaped
from Jail at Austin some time since. On the
18th instant a ranger named Martin saw Whit
ley at Amarillo. He was well acquainted with
I Ensall. and having heard of his escape from
jail thought that Whitley was Eusall on account
o. the remarkable resemblance. Martin said
TO Capt. y Hare OF the rangers: ''londer is
Ensalll'
You want to be sure about it," replied Caps.
o Hare.
Il am sure" said Martin: ''if you will look
on the right side of his right leg just below the
knee you will find the mark of a wound where
L shot him at the time OF the robbery. On the
left side of the leg further down is where the
ball came out.
Whitley was at once taken in custody. and on
examining his leg the marks of the wounds
were found exactly as Martin had said. Whit
ley was brought TO Dallas. To Mr.. J. VI. Huff
ingtOn, chief deputy marshal. he said that his
name was Whitley and that he was in Kansas
al the time the robbery occurred. Mr.. Huffing-
ton got Ensalrs description and Whitley filled
1t to the letter, but he wrote to Austin with
reference to Ensall and ascertained that Ensall
had been recaptured. convicted of robbinG the
express coach at McNeal Station, and that now
he was in the penitentiary at Rusk.
This released Whitley. Whitley's father stated
that the marks on his sons leg were caused by
him getting it broken.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11

ment side heavy, to coin a phrase. if nothing
whatever were to have been put upon this side
with all the weight on the other three faces that
had been designed for them. Hence, the real
face being the least important from the specta-
tors point of view, it was decided so it is said
TO place the proper amount of metal On the
north side with certain symbolic attribute S.
Nothing better could be suggested than that
Liberty, being born and thriving here, should
send forth her offspring into the world to SOW
the seed of freedom elsewhere.
THE FUTURE INSCRIPTION.
There is as yet no inscription of any sort on
the monument to indicate to the unknowing
the nature of the tribute thus paid. The monu-
ment committee, reduced one-third bv the re-
tirement of Senator Evarts from Congress. will
probably hold a meeting within u short time
and fix upon suitable set of phrases 20 be cut
into the stone of the two tablets that have
been prepared for this purpose by the sculp-
tors. 1t the idea of the artists that this in
scription should be in French as "A Lafayette
ct SEES compatriotes" This suggestion. how
ever will hardly be followed. it is the idea
Of the commission that the words that are to
tell the tale should be English, that all Ameri-
cans may read and know why this shaft sprang
up.
WEIGHT AND COST.
The monument and upper pedestal weighs
seventy tons and cost $4,000. The sum OF
$4,000 was spent in preparing the two sites
that we're selected for it. OF the first appro-
priation of $1,000 all but $50 was used in set
ting the fine granite pedestal in the center of
the south front of the square, and when q SINH
lar appropriation was made to enable the COM
mission to carry out the orders of Congress
about moving the monument from in front of
Jackson the foundation was taken up and reset
on the southeast corner of the square, the oper-
alton costing considerably less than the amount
provided.
NO DEDICATION PROVIDED FOR.
There is no fund for an appropriate dedica-
ton of the monument and 30 it will stand as it
is today, without having been yelled save by
the wooden boxes in which it made its long
Journey from Paris to Washington, journey
taken not only with perfect safety, but without
producing single scratch or break or chip in
the carefully cut marble or the costly metal.
1t was the desire Of the commission to have
provided for the occasion of the unwilling a
ceremony adequate to the significance of the
occasion, with addresses by representatives OF
both nations interested but it finds itself today
without funds for the purpose of defraying the
expense OF such an event, which would amount
to several thousand dollars, and it has there
fore decided 20 let the monument 90 without
any public dedication. Something may be
done by the next Congress to this end, but this
is quite doubtful.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
GRAND AND IMPOSING.
The Beautiful Lafayette Monument
Recently Erected.
AN ADoRNMENT TO THE CITY.
What the Memorial 10 Like-How 1t Came to
BE Constructed-What 1t Commemorate
The French ScnIptors Falguiere and Mercie
Description of the Monument.
WTAsHINGToNs COLLECTION OF

HTASHINGTOSS COLLIE CTION OF
w statuary Embellishments has during the
past few days received quite an addition that
has been long expected Whatever may be the
insdequaeies of its site or the awkwardness of
its position the Lafayette monument can never
be other than an improvement to the city. 1t
Is very much of a revelation to the good people
Of Washington, whose idea of bronze por-
traiture must necessarily be largely based upon
the equestrianism Of such examples as George
Washington or Andrew jackson. This new
monument is not portrait, it is gallery; it is
nos memorial to one man or even five, but it
is significant as the symbol of the aid given to
the struggling colonies in the last century by
France. IL Is an idea, not mass of stone and
metal. and in this enlarged capacity. wider by
far than anything else here. it will be sure to
produce 81 educational effect upon hundreds
of thousands of Americans.
AyARIETY OF VIEWS.
In'the first place the monument has great
less one might except that from the rear,
which brings into a somewhat painful prOmi-
hence the exaggerated heads of the two young
sters who are playing at the base of the marble
shaft. Those heads are probably the sole fault
TO be found with the monument itself. how
ever much every Ody may rail a. the peculiar
Combination of things that forced the commits
sion to set this beautiful work down in such an
inappropriate spot
NOT PRESENT FROM FRANCE.
Somehow or other the idea has gene abroad
that this monument is present from the
French government TO this country, in COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
don't you give the gentlemai
James handed a chair

James handed a chair.
'Now,' said the old man calmly, 'you
may =! ana sit outside, - tir'
James went out chuckling with every mani
festation of delight
'You see. said the old gentleman, coming
down, or it should be more correct to saw
coming up, to an ordinary earthly level
James and have been in this department now
for nearly half century. was youngster,
and this department wasn't very old, either
when came in il and found James here before
me. We grew up in the service and we We
grown old In the service, and gradually have
contracted the swearing habit. and James has
laughed at my oaths, and have been put on
my mettle to get new jokes for the benefit of
the old fellow, until now L endeavor to find adj
ditional oaths for him every day. / really think
If live long enough 1 will be the champion
swearer in America"
He was too modest. Already he can beat a
trooper and even rivals the incesssnt profanity
that it Ii said was one Of Horace Greeley's
characteristics.
1t is needless TO say that in the Office with
this wicked old man there are no ladies. Ordi-
narily his speech is proper enough He saves
his profanity for his old friend, the messenger,
and the latter seems to like it.
When Mr. Rasson was in Congress Is Rep
resentative from Iowa he introduced an elab-
crate civil service bill, and among the offenses
that 1t prohibited was that of swearing. The
measure never Was passed, however, 90
the swearers were not molestsd. Even
if it had become law IL is
doubtful if it would have been carried into
effect. There are regulations of the army and
navy against swearing, yet to ''swear like .
trooper" has become an established proyerb,
and to swear like sailor might be one, too.
Nobody expects soldiers and sailors when IN
the barrack room or on board ship TO speak
without explosives. Once upon time before
Mr.. Spinner employed women as clerks the
civil service was not much better, but nov
there are 90 many Of the gentler sex employed
in the departments that swearing connot be in
discriminatory INDUCED in, and ii is only
occasionally that q hardened old sinner such
a. the one just alluded to IL found, and he, ~
has been shown, doesn't really mean any harm,
but simply swesrs by way Of joke.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
D'EsTAING.

Charles Hector, Comte d'Estaing. born 1929,
died 1874. began his career as an infantry officer
and finally became admiral. In ITS he re-
ceived command of twelve ships and four
frigates and sailed for America, where he con-
certed with Lafayette and the American gen.
erals the maneuvers which compelled the British
to destroy their fleet in Newport harbor.
D'Estaing subsequently commanded the
French naval forces for the reduction Of the
West Indies.
Francois Joseph Paul, Comte de Grasse,
Marquis de Grasse-TiIly, born in l723, died
1888, was destined by his family to enter the
order Of the Knights OF Malta, and in his youth
fought on the galleys Of the order against the
Turks and Barberesques. In 1749 he entered
the service of France and distinguished himself
in the East Indian seas and subsequently with
d'Estaing in the West Indies. In 1881 he left
Brest in command Of twenty-one ships, ten
frigates, four corvettes, forming the escort OF
forty-three vessels transporting men and other
succors to the United States In the autumn
Of 1881 he reached Chesapeake bay and coop
Grated in the great campaign that culminated
in the surrender Of CORVALLIS.
TIE TWO SIDES.
The figures Of Rochambeau and Duportail,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
THE LAFAYETTE MON MENT.
effort, perhaps, certain spirit of information
alism that well BELTS the subject.
THE sCULPToRs.

eHOrt, perhaps, certain spirit OF lnternatlOn-
alism that well BELTS the subject.
THE sCULPToRs.
The monument was designed and produced
by Messrs. Alexander Falguiere and Antonin
Mercie, artists of the first rank in France,
where they have achieved a fame only slightly
less creditable than that which they have Sc
cured in this country. both by this and other
works. NJ. Falguiere is the elder of the two,
having been at one time the instructor or mas
ter of NJ. Mercie. The latter has developed in
his art until today he stands shoulder to
shoulder with his former tutor in the rudiments
of sculpture, in the capacity of what an Ameri-
can would be prone to call a partner. though
the more ethical vernacular Of France would
term him colleague" These two artists fire.
quently work together on one production. and
their system and art are SO highly developed
that they have turned out some of the finest
statues, groups and monuments OF the age.
They occupy different studios. within ten
minutes walk Of each other. in Paris.
ORIGIN OF The MONUMENT.
By an act approved March 3, 1885, the Con-
gress of the United States of America author
lied the Secretary of War. the chairman of the
joint committee on the library and the archi-
tect of the Capitol a commission to contract
for and erect statue with suitable emblematic
devices thereon on one of the public reserva-
tons of Washington to the memory of Lafay-
cite and his cOmpatriots. Thereupon a COM
petition was opened and MN. Falguiere and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
on the west side of the shaft, represent the
military element of the aid brought over to

America through the influence of Lafayette
and by the feet of the former rests the muzzle
of a cannon, to signify the character of the
service to which these men belonged. The
other frenchmen. being naval officers, are ac-
companied by similarly symbolic device in
the form of the huke of an anchor. protruding
in most natural manner from the background
There is a look of perfect harmony between the
various figures, as il their whole movement to-
ward the distressed colonies were actuated by
some simultaneous spirit of friendliness.
THE POSE OF LAFAYETTE
is extremely graceful and yet strong and manly
to the point of exciting admiration for the man
who held to such great extent the friendship
of Washington. The cloak which he has partly
thrown from his shoulders floats in the breeze
in a perfectly natural fout of folds and curves
and his hand is extended as if about to grasp
those of his new friends, in whose cause he left
his young bride for the uncertainties of a
campaign.
THE FEMALE FIGURE.
There is a softness Of expression that the
artists have given to the female figure at the
base of the shaft, in 'front.' that is both heroic
and yet womanly. This is the spirit of America,
or possibly Freedom, pleading to Lafayette for
aid and rendering to him all that she has to
offer, the sword of a soldier, which she bears
appraised in her right hand in an attitude that
suggests both hope and dependence.
THE CHILDREN OF LIBERTY.
The juvenile figures in the rear of the monu-
ment are highly embematic. That is, their
significance is so remote in this immediate con-
nection that their presence only serves to
heighten the theory of liberty and freedom for
mankind which the interference of Lafayette
and his companions rendered a condition. They
are designated as Children of Liberty" 1t is
presumed by some that the main object in in
Producing them into the composition was
simply to balance the shaft in an emblematic-
ally symmetrical manner. 1t would have been
highly improper, from both polite and artistic
standpoints. to have inserted another portrait
in the rear and it Would have left the mOnu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11

Lebegue Duportail, died 1902, was captain
in the royal engineers when he obtained per-
mission to accompany Lafayette, of whom he
was the intimate friend. In 1777 he was made
colonel of engineers by Congress and Joined
Gen. Washington ct headquarters, when he be-
came chief of the corps of engineers. He served
on Washington's staff at Morristown, Brandy
wiue Germantown. Valley Forge and Mon
mouth. He captured in the defense of
Charlestown. but was exchanged specially and
became close companion of Washington. He
retired from the continental service in 1888
and returned to France with the grade of
brigadier In 1890. through his friendship with
Lafayette, he was made minister OF war. During
the French revolution he was accused and pro-
scribed and took refuge in America. 1t was not
until after the coup d'etat of 18th Brumaire
that he obtained the authorization to return to
France, but he died on the voyage home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
Behind the Mask,

You think that laughter must betoken mirth9
And yet laughed today
When all the bitter pain of all the earth
Held all my heart at prey.
My laugh was feignedf And yet It rang out true,
And he that heard the sound
Had seen no cause to doubt the laughter who
Could make the laugh 20 round.
At least my grief was blazoned on my face
could not hide 1t there!
Though men may laugh, yet nathless grief will
trace
The tell-tale lines Of carer
All! let me but this 1.-THE of truth impair:
From one of human race;
There Is no thing So false as human heart
Except the human face.
-Utusfrafed American.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
ABRAHAM LINCOLN's INVENTION.
A Device He Patented for Floating Steam.
boats Over shallow Places

N DeNice ne Iatented Tor Floating Steam
boats Over shallow Places.
Mr.. Edward T. Fenwick writes TO THE SrAR
as follows: Now that the patent centennial cele-
bration is being held in Washington. and in
ventors and manufacturers from all parts Of the
country are manifesting the greatest possible
interest in the event. and so much is being
said and written about the centennial, the his
tory of the patent system and the patent Office.
OF famous inventors and curious patents, it
might be interesting TO know that Abraham
Lincoln was an inventor and received patent
on May p, lS49, numbered $500, for an i'm
proved means of combining adjustable buoy
ant air chambers with steamboats, or other YES
sells to enable their draft to be readily lessened
to permit them TO pass over bars or through
shallow water without discharging their car
goes
These adjustable buoyant air chambers we're
secured to the sides of the vessel (Which in
this instance was an old-style Ohio steamboat)
and were formed with top and bottom partitions
composed of plank or plate of metal of suit
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11

Pee uliAr idea, bus none too odd for such a
rumor-making public as that Of an American
city The monument was projected by our
government. contracted for by il with the
bidders showing the best design. who CHANGED
u be French. and paid for by it to these men,
who have thus made for themselves an Ameri-
can reputation that will be undyiug. II is an
American monument designed and wrought by
French hands, and in this union of forces, the
one providing the money the other the brains
and skill, there has been blended into the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11

ney TO America, 17S4-5. was devoted to the joys
of triumph and to receiving the testimonies of
the American people, who saluted in him one
of their liberators. In 1S24-5 Lafayette again
visited America as guest of the nation and
was splendidly feted and honored; at Bunker
Hill he celebrated the anniversary of one of
the first combats for liberty; at Mount Vernon
he rendered homage at the grave of Washing
ton, whose friendship had been one of the glories
of his life. while in addition to all individual
manifestations he was made the subject of an
act of national munifcence in the form of
500, 900 and of gift of land in recognition of
the sacrifices that he had made in former days
for the sake of American freedom.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
He Was Training Himself.

From the Detroit Free Press.
A boy sat on the dock at the D. and NJ. depot
yesterday with fish line in the water and the
ice cakes swirling around it. A man who saw
him stopped to ask:
''Are you hshingT'
''Yep."
Catching anything?"
"Noap."
Don't You know that You don't stand one
chance in thousand of catching ish?'
'Yep."
.'Then what are you here for?'
ITO get used to not catching blamed thing ~
replied the boy, as he hauled up the bait TO spit
on it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
HE SWORE.
The Old Department Clerk Whose Profanity
Was Due 10 the Force of Habit

The Old Department Clerk Whose Profanity
Was Due 10 the Force of Habit.
That the gentlemen who are in the DEPART
ments sometimes swear over their work is a
fact that STAR reporter was made very much
aware of the other day. He was passing through
the halls of one of the big departments. when
he became aware of sulphurous odor. as it
were, and presently there greeted his ears such
a torrent Of profanity as to make his hair stand
on end. 1t was not one or two strong exple-
tives that were heard, but series Of sentences
coming very volubly one on top of the other.
and each sentence was nothing but a string of
horribly wicked words.
Heavens how it did roll out Oaths fell SO
thick and fast that they rushed pell-mell upon
one another's heels. and finally chunk of an
oath biggerthan any of the others marked the
climax.
Who could it be that swore SO long and hard2
He must be some exceedingly talented man
like the devil himself, all brains and wicked
ness. So the writer looked in the door of the
Office whence issued the profanity and was
Mortified TO see nobody in the world inside but
an aged colored messenger and an older clerk
The former was grinning from ear to ear and
the latter was catching his breath and appar-
emily preparing for another effort at oratorical
profanity.
Has this messenger been committing arson
or burglary or any other crime3 Shall call
the police?' was asked.
mo-" replied the old clerk.
Then why do you swear at him SO hard?"
''Oh, that's just joke. He likes it. James,
Won old - Ill Wbv
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
OUTSIDE THE MARKET
Sights and Scenes About Washing
tons Headquarters for Edibles.
QUEER OLD WISE WOMEN,
Scenes on the "Line"-The Farmers From
the Country and the Huckster Aristocrats-
What the Old Medicine Women Have to
Sell-Butchers at Breakfast,
TN THE GREAT MAR

Aet Ct Nas1lnS Ton
you will find the rule of
exclusion controlling af-
fairs not less rigidly
than in what is called
polite society, or for that
matter anywhere else
in the world. The ex-
cluded in this case line
the curbstones Of the
streets outside with their
stands and wagons, pick
ing up the crumbs Of
profit, while within the
huge building the aris-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
There's . Golden Mean.

From Puck.
Phil Hosopher-'sThe wisest precept that
ever was uttered II Know thysslf'"
MacGalluster-"Ya-as. Ihsye no doubt: but
there's such thing - being ovsr-exclusivs,
doncherkuov
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11

announces that a new fish.
ing industry for this
country has been discov-
cred. which adds more
than 10000 square mile.
TO the fishery area at pres
emit available OFF the At
lantic coast.
This means that a nov
city in the shape OF wha:
is known as beam trawl-
ing has been introduced
TO the coastal waters OF
the United States as a
means of catching fish.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
FOR DYSPEPSIA.
Use Horssord's Acid Phosphate

DR.. J. ]. McWillams, Denison, Iowa, sayE 81
have usedit largely in nervousness and dyspepsia,
and consider that IL stands unrvaled e & remedy
In cases of this kind. have also used IL In cases
of sleeplessness with very gratifying results."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11
BIG NEWS ABOUT FISH.

l New Method OF Catching Them on the
East Atlantic Coast.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11

general in 1880, and was sent to America with
5000 men. co-operated with the forces of Wash
ington and of the Admiral Comte de Grasse and
campaign.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-04-11

Jean Baptiste Donation de vimeur, Comte
de Rochambeau, born 1925 died 1907, the hero
of Minorca and of Minden, became lieutenant