New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-09-06
IRELAND'S PROGRESS.
STEADY GROWTH IN MATERIAL PROSPERITY
NOW TO BE OBSERVED

| fho
ten years. The population has decreased and Va,
there has been distinct gain In wealth and eene,,,
prosperity This fact is shown IN striking manne, n
the statistics recently compiled by Dr. (inmshav ar
Registrar General From his investigations Il aDneo,
that the valuation OF real estate in Ireland in 1871 .
| SOC, 1886 900, and In 1890, S60,00O,O00 Under o.
head OF agriculture there has been a small decro,
the acreage Of cereal crops the average annual ac
0ge for the decade having been 1851 600 while ,ho
average for tile first five years was l,Gs2OO0 and %,
the last five years. i,55i,o0o. Rye Is the only IRON
the cultivation OF which has increased IT'S ave-ag.
acreage having been $4,000 during the last five veo
as compared with 5000 from 1851 TO 1885 Tbough
tho average acreage of wheat for the last five years r.
lower than that for the decade, there has been .
marked increase In the growth Of this crop during na
last three years, the acreage in 1885, 1889 and Isoo
having been 90 600 90 900 and % COO respectiyev ne
compared with $4,000 and 1000 in 1886 and Iss7
In the case Of barley Also though there has been 90
crease generally there has been tendency 10 ocras
during the last three years With regard TO the Weld
Of cereal crops, DR.. Grimshaw points ont that tbe
diminished extent has to large degree been com
pensated for by the increased rate of production
especially during tho last two years, which, taken
together show In every case except that Of bere an
increased yield per acre from cereals as compared with
any other two years In the decade.
There has been little variation in the acreage uns.r
green crops seeing that the annual average for the
decade was 231 900; the average for the first FIVE
years 23s, 900; and for the last five years 1o24
600 The acreage under potatoes has decreased; it,
cultivation being due to the uncertainty Of
the crop. and the increased consumption Of other
articles Of diet In 1851 there were 200 acres O,
potatoes, and in 1880 only 7s1 900, these bene
respectively the highest and lowest figures during n,
decade the average for which o07, 900 acres that
for the first five years being $4,000 acres and foi
tho last 70f, 900 acres. Turnips show little or nc
variation, white in the Of mangolds and beets
there has been a slight increase during the latter hall
Of the decade. All the other green crops together
covered annual average extent during the decade
Of $4,000 acres, the average for the first five years
being 81 OOO and for the last 10000, an Increase
which is attributed mainly to extension Of the
growth Of cabbage for the feeding of live stock Flax
has shown tendency to increase, its average extent
for the decade being 114O00, as compared with ILL.,.
600 for the first five years, and $4,000 for the
last five years. The average extent under meadow
and clover 2,0G40O0 for the ten years. that
for the first half Of the period being 100000 and
for the last half o14s0 900 The total annual average
under grass and clover for the decade was 12104OOO
acres, that for the first five years being 12174OOO
and for the last Il, 214,OO0.
The conversion Of tillagefarming into stock farm
ing IS the great feature in Irish agriculture, change
which has gone on with increasing rapidty during the
last ten years. shown by the increase Of every de.
scnptiOn of livestock at the end of the decade, az
compared with the beginning. Thus the number Of
horses I'm 1851 was $4,000. and in 1890 $4,000, an
increase of $1,000 in the ten years. The number fell
every year from 1851 to 1885. when it showed ten
dency TO recover, and since then there has been a
steady increase from year to year The average for
the decade $4,000. that for the first FIVE years
being 100000, and for the last, $4,000. In 1881
the number Of cattle in Ireland 1857 ,OOO and In
$780, 100000, an increase of 72 per cent
sheep have increased by 32.5 per cent. the numbers
being 3256000 in 1851 and 100000 in 1890. The
number of pigs has increased from 100000 in 1851
to 100000 in $780, an increase Of 1872 per cent.
The number of goats has increased 22.0 per cent IN
1890 as compared with 1881, and poultry increased
from 1927 900 in 1881 to 154OS 900 in $780, nearly
all the increase having taken place in the last 1yo
years. DR.. Grimshaw points ont that, taking three
sheep to be equal to one head Of cattle for grazing
purposes in 1881 there were at the rate OF 5042 600
cattle grazing 10076000 acres being at the rate
of beast to every two acres while I'm 1890 there
5,681 900 on 1O212OO0 acres. at the rate Of
one beast to every 1.s acre. Thus the differences
between 90 and Is acres being q. about fifth Of
an acre. there was In round numbers grazing equiy&
lent to the extent Of a. fifth Of acre got out OF
every two acres 1890 more than In 1881. which Is
equivalent to adding about 100000 acres TO the
grazing land OF the country.
Under the head Of trade and manufactures, to take
slightly decreased showing. however, a tendency 70
recover during the last two years. Tho number Of
powerlOOms, on the other hand, has increased from
10 in 1881. TO 26,500 in 1890. an increase OF
221 per cent. Whiskey and porter are the most I'M
pOrtant Irish industries after the linen manufacture,
and they appear TO have thrven exceedingly well
during the last ten years. The amount Of spirit dis
TILED In Ireland during the year 1881 was 9,4O7,0o0
gallons, and In 1890. 12,0s9,O00 gallons, increase
Of X 4 DeP Of
Guiding porter brewd in Ireland in 1881 100000
and in 1850 24900o0 an increase Of 1917 per cent.
There has been little variation In the shipping trade
during the last ten years. There a tendency to
decrease from the beginning of the decade until two
ago, since when there has been increase oui
the proportional variation Is small. Fishing appears
10 be the Irish industry which does not make any
material progress. The number of boats employed in
the and coast fisheries fell from 645s in 1881 TO
667 in 1853, and the number Of hands employed fell
from 24,525 TO 2l,49l. The number OF boats rose
to 5044 IN 1882 and the hands 10 23l6O, but IN 1900
As to railroads. there has been an Increase Of 226
miles The number OF passengers increased from L..
$4,000 IN looi to 2oe'oOOo IN iSSv n % ar, 90, 9or
cent. The total receipts increased from Sl9,Uo2,ooe
i'm 1851 to &l5,305,0Oc in 1870 an increase Of To- pei
cent. Banking capital increased rom G, ~
capital has been rising every year. In ISL the
deposits in Joint stock banks were SloOoOo,Ooo' ana
in 1890 Sl66 So 900, the largest sum on record Inc
savings bank deposits, including those In the postolhce
and in the trustee savings banks, increased IRON Sl9
725, 900 in ISL 10 less than S2o4oOOOO IN leo,
the highest record, being an increase Of 5l3 pei
cent.
In the Postofhce Department the number Of Letters
de ivered in 1881 amounted TO o223oOOO and In loDo
to 00.950 900, increase OF 2l4 per cent The mum
Der OF postcards increased from 6,426OOO In loel 10
no les, than 10,66J,0O0 In 1890. kilograms have
doubled during the ten years. the number IN 1881 nav
ing been .5O2 900 and IN 1890, 1854 600 The value
Of money orders issued In 1881 S6,370,OOO.
fell OH every year from 1851 to 1855, but increased
again each year from 1856, and in 1890 was $500,
900. The value OF postal orders issued in lool was
s150000, and IN 1850, S4,220,00O. nearly ten times
rs much. The amount deposited in pOstOtce savlngs
banks during tile year 1881 SS3,3Io0OO,
and in 1890, S3,360.000, being increase Of o9l
per cent the average annual deposits during the mrs
live years of the decade being S,94O,OOO and In tho
last i've years S5,225,000 The amount OF the VIII
dlawas has decreased In proportion to the deposits,
showing an increased accumulation of savings. The
number of National schools in Ireland increased from
Z OiS I'm 1851 10 SOS In 1890 being az the rate OF
80 per cent, while the number Of pupils only fell from
/ .O6G, 900 to 1037000 being at the rate OF .! per
cent. as compared with - decrease In the population
OF o. per cent. ,
fell from 36i 900 in 1854 20 $4,000 In 1890, but