The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1891-12-16

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game reserve" Whom Il is remembered
that tho region thus spoken Of II ono Of the
most extensively wooded areas In the Rocky
Mountains, containing the head waters Of
some Of our largest rivers. the duty Of Con-
gress is clear. r,s.. :. :
Commercial Union and lts Advocates.
The obviously impending downfall Of the
Conservative Government at Ottawa has
caused Sir RICHARD CARTRIaHT, Mr.. LAu-
RIRR. and Mr.. ERAsTus WIAAN to renew
their advocacy of unrestricted reciprocity
between the Canadian Dominion and the
United States. We have repeatedly ex-
pressed the opinion that the true solution
Of the Canadian question will eventually be
found In the voluntary Incorporation Of
British North America in our own oonfed-
GRAFTON. We are aware that great advan-
tases might be derived by the Cana
dams from commercial union with
this country. but it has seemed to US
that such advantages should follow rather
than precede political fusion. 1t is urged.
however. by the champions Of an American
Zollverein. TINT. granting the desirability
Of political coalescence, q certain state OF
preparedness Is needed ON both sides Of the
border. and that such state would be pro-
NOTED by q free interchange Of products.
It is further contended that tho benefits re-
sulting from tho Interchange would be
reciprocal. and that the time indeed is close
ct hand when the importance to this coun-
try OF free trade with Canada will be gener-
ally recognized.
What the United States would gain from
unrestricted reciprocity was set forth at
length and with emphasis by Mr.. ERAsTus
W1MAN In an address recently delivered be-
fore the Union League Club Of Brooklyn.
He contends that Of all the customers.
actual or prospective. for American manu-
features, we arc most deeply interested In
the development Of the Canadian Dominion.
There is no doubt that the manufacturing
forces Of the United States are now far In
excess Of the local consumption. We have
population Of IS. 900. 600. but we make boots
and shoes enough for 100000 600 people and
collars and cuffs enough for $50 900 900. There
Is corresponding surplus in the output of
many other articles. It follows that a
market for American manufactures must
be sought somewhere outside Of the Union.
At present, under the operation Of the rec
iprocity clauses in the MCKINLEY act. We
are looking for 1t In South and Central
America. But Mr.. VIVIAN points out that
the Latin.American republics are thousands
Of miles away, peopled by races whose wants
are few. whose customs differ from our own.
whose average intelligence il relatively
low. whose unstable Governments are
unfavorable TO permanent establish
ment Of foreign trade and to safety In COM
mercinl credits. Moreover. their uncertain
and limited market can be reached only by
heavily subsidized means Of communities
tion. How limited the demand for our
products has hitherto been in this market
is manifest from the fact that last year the
value Of our goods absorbed by the people
OF South America was less than Sl.50 Dor
capita. At the same time the people Of
Canada consumed our goods at the ratio OF
$40 per head.
Even reciprocity will not remove some
serious difficulties In the way Of generating
profitable trade between tho United States
and Lstin-America. Mr.. WrMAH reminds
us that until banking system Ia created.
by which the exchanges can be effected In
this country. England will continue to levy
tax upon every remittance that IL made.
Moreover. until Q merchant marine Is Gre
ated by which goods can be conveyed In
American bottoms. England will 60 ON im-
posing tribute for every pound OF freight
that IL moved. Tho attempt, therefore. to
develop trade with the South American
republics. although 1t Is undoubtedly An
effort In the right direction. is ct present
struggle against adverse circumstances.
and years must elspse before It as
sumes proportions commensurate with
the output OF American manufactures and
the growth OF American industries. Condi-
tons entirely different and far more favor
able prevail regarding trade with the Cana
dian Dominion. In this quarter We en-
counter NO difficulty about exchange. no
need Of subsidized steamers. no remotSness
Of markets. no difference Of wants. usages.
and institutions. On the contrary. Ut every
point along border line unparalleled In
length We are In contact with British North
America. while means Of lake and rail inter-
communication throb across almost every
State and province of the two countries. It
needs only that the customs barrier be.
tween the two countries should be brokon
down. that what Mr.. WIMAN calls the
bsrbed wire fence now dividing them
should be lifted up. for emigration to pour
into tho northern region. assuring the
development OF its marvellous resources
and q resultant expansion OF the demand
for American manufactures.
Another point upon which Mr.. WIMAN
would lay stress Is the fact that in the
United States there already exists scarcity
OF arabic land Of high quality. Severe