The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1891-12-11
STOCK FARM AND GARDEN.

fruit orchard and some poultry, IL
for no other reason than TO have
convenient supply OF GOOD ana Whoie,
some food. These things help to
make life on the farm much more
satisfactory than can be without
them.
II You transplant any trees next
spring, take the precaution to prune
the branches so as to restore the resi-
DESTROYED by the root mutilations
that are always inseperable from re
movals, and the mulch so as to retain
moisture until the new rootlets can
get a good start. Many trees are lost
by neglecting the proper cutting BACK,
thus leaving too much work Ior Cne
crippled roots to accomplish.
Tue scarcity of food in Russia is |
said to have prevented the sowing oil
the full acreage of small grain during |
the recent planting season. Inc
peasants, fearing famine, kept back
for food every thing that they possi-
bly, could. This will, of course, oper-
ate against full crop the coming sea
son. and to some extent again pre-
vent Russia from becoming our COM
petitOr in the grain markets OF the
world.
In making or using a sheep dip
care should be taken to avoid such a.
contain lime. II the dip is used i'm
mediately after shearing the caustic
properties Of3the lime Will harden the
skin and prevent the growth OF wool
for come considerable time. IL used
some time after shearing, and when
the fleece has made q good growth
again, the lime will injure the fiber
Of the wool. These facts should be
made widely, known, as we see GER
tain formulas are recommended TO
farmers to prepare for themselves
which contain lime largely.
A little money spent in horse
blankets about this time may prove
good investment, as it not only wOuld
add to the comfort and weli-being oil
the horses, but would result in con-
siderable saving OF feed. If stock is
suffering from the cold their natural
instinct will prompt them to pull at
all the fuel that they can put inside OF
their bodies, bat this ia an expensive
way to keepthem warm. Go out TO
the stable some of these cold morn
Jugs, and If you see the horses SILVER
ing then hitch up and go to town a.
fast as you can and get some blankets
for them.
Temperature is the great point in
the winter keeping of apples. The
nearer they can be kept to the freez-
ing point, yet always safely above It,
the better it will be. Pine storage
room should be dry AS we'll as cool.
and IL the fruit has been carefully
picked and stored, wormy as well ar
bruised specimens being thrown out,
and the apples packed in boxes o.
barrels in some fine dry material,
such as chaff or excelsior, there should
be no difficulty in keeping until
spring. 1t is some trouble to handle
fruit so as to keep it through the win
ter, but the higher prices that it com
Inands in the spring will always pay
you for having done the work thor
oughly.
Poultry keeping in winter can be
made very profitable, but there are
certain require nents that are essen
tial to success, and unless you car
provide these you had better sell oui
or kill off your fowls, and not stock
UP again until spring. Their shelter
should be warm and dry, with gooC
ventilation. There should be a varie
ty of food, for q single item, no mat
fer how good in itself, will not serve
all the purpose of the fowl. There
should be wheat and oats for eggs
corn to keep up the animal heat
chopped roots or green feed to hell
ont the variety and assist in digestion
There should be dry dust stored away
under cover, to be used as an absorb
eut on the floors, and ground shell
49,
manufacture egg shells. These ar
not very expensive or burdensom
things to provide, but Is is the lack o
them that makes winter poultry 81
often Improbable.
A man who has made a great sue
cess at peach growing suggests tina
II one is going into the business 1t l
4 we'll to begin moderately, hut to max
definite plans for planting a certail
~
YOU decide you can manage an orch
ard of 1000 trees, plant l, 900 OF then
each year for five years Then yo
can become familiar with the wOr
gradually, learn how to handle tn
crop before 1t grows to such proper
tIons that would embarrass you, an
you will have new tees successivel
In their prime, Peach trees. too, ar
not long ffved, and 10y the time tn
last 900 were set you would begin
think about planting another lot, I
have in bearing by the time the firt
years planting had Outlived the
usefulness. Choose elevated land &c
the pesch orchard, but not poor lane
and see to 1t especially that 1t is we
drained, for peech trees will not stan
wet feet. The continuous sowing {
rye and then blowing it under const
flIte both good cultivation and goo
fertilizing.
The secret that lays at the base {
all successful farming is the know
edge Of how to return the soil ec'
nOmicalIy an equivalent for what I'll
crops take from 1t. All crops eXhau
the soil Of some fertility. You ca
draw on the supplies for time, b'
after awhile you can not get enoug
from it to repay the cost of plaDtiI
aud harvesting. There are thr'
things that all crops take away, al
these must be as continually restore
They are nitrogen, potash and pho
phoric acid. Some OF the nitrogen
restored through the atmosphere, al
some crops, such as peas, beans al
clover, draw it from the atmosphe
10 q considerable extent. The 9th
clements must be supplied by meal
of decaying animal or vegetable ma
ter, or through the medium Of cor
inercial fertilizers. The farmer WI
thoroughly learns this lesson and a
plies it is in the right road to success
II NAV for a time seem to be expe
sIye work to give the first effort
the enrichment of the land, but wht
the land has once been made rich
will begin to pay, and you will the
need no further urging to induce "
to keep it so.
One of the least variable of far
products, 30 far as price from year
year IS cOncerneA, Is stauudTu CEeal
cry butter This may be seen by col
paring quotations of about the san
date. For four years past ..at Elgi
October 8, 1888, butter sold at "a cent
October Z, 1889, at 251S cents; Octob
6. 1880, at "a cents; october 8, 1891,
28% cents. This shows that o.
NAV have a tOlerablY certain has
up0n which tn figure, in going in
the dairy business, IL they manufa
ture a good grade of creamery butte
There Is perhaps no other product
the farm which has fluctuated so /
tie In price or upon which we Ct
calculate the price for year ahe
with any degree of certainty. If
couId now eliminate tire uncerta
element of cost of production we cou
have at least one branch OF agrlc'
fnre upon as firm and business-likt
foundation as Is any manufacture
the country. We wish the same uI
sDplv to the product Of the Privs
dairy. Perhaps It will In time-wh
All private diaries make good butt