The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1891-05-25
THE PoPE's ENcYcLIcAL.

nOME, may So.-1He opening Oh tno
papal encyclical on labor dilates on the
task which the pope has set for himself
in defining for the guidance Of the
church its position towards existing so
cial questions. 1t goes ON to refer to the
pressing importance of those questions
and the difficulty arising ont of their
complex character, owing to the numer-
ous concurrent factors requiring consid-
Grafton, yet solution can be obtained
by applying the eternal principles upon
which the teachings of the church are
towards each other as individuals or
part Of society must have the sanction
Of old authority. The law is stated in
desire thy deighbor's wife; neither shalt
field, his man-servant, or his maid. SER
want, or his or, or his ass, or anything
that is his.
Divine Law Against Socialism.
The divine law therefore rejects the
socialist solution, which would abolish
private property, substituting q collect
i've, common ownership.
The encyclical goes on ut length to re-
call all the church has done to better
the lot of the proletariat and to show
that it Is q capital error to believe that
the church is for the rich alone, and an
enemy to the people.
1t is also capital error to believe
that the rich and the poor are con-
demed to fight duel without end.
The proletriat cannot and ought not
to injure capital or the masters who dis
pense it, but IN order to obtain respect
for, the rights of labor they must alb
stain from violence. They should not
have recourse to sedition, nor listen to
the chimerical promises of the agitators.
On the other hand, masters ought to re-
spect the individuality and dignity of
man. They should act as Christians to-
ward their workmen, not treat them
inhumanly, or exploit beyond their
strength. Let the maetcrs remem-
bcr that both divine and human
law forhds the drawing Of profits from
the misery Of the peo-. Besides that,
religion means necessary co-operation Of
human means to axtoin sacred pur-
pose. The state ounht to watch over
the well-being Of society. Just as indi-
viduals should watch over the purity.
morals and interior order of families.
safe-keeping, religion, justice, modera-
tion, and an equitable division Of pubic
charges, all of which would contrioute
largely to the amelioration of the condi-
tion of the protelariat The larger this
general prosperity, the less likely will
workingmen be to have recourse to
exceptional means to better their con-
dition.
Absolute Equity Chimera.
A 1,sainfn ar,,.1s%xy xvc1
chimera. The social hierarchies were
based on natural principles. The state
ought to see that all covenants relating
to work were conscientiously observed.
and oppose anything that might cause
popular passions to yield to unhealthy
excitement, provoking troubles and vio-
lence.
The physical forces Of every man are
limited. Beyond that limit he is for
binden to 60. Therefore expediency
was shown in establishing certain limi-
tations on working hours, and proyid-
ing that they should be interrupted by
a period of repose, varying according to
the conditions Of the time and place, the
public health and the nature of the
work. The question of wages was q
particularly delicate one to treat with
exact justice. The salary agreed upon
should be paid; at the same time justice
equally demands that the agreement en-
tered into by the workmen ought to be
respected. The state should see these
reciprocal obligations executed. An
important element in the question was
that the workman ought to be abba.
with the wages or salary, to provide for
himself and family the necessities Of
life.
The pope particularly mentions ID
Tor mutual succor, socioties for insfr-
ance against accident, sickness and
death, and the protection Of children.
and especially female ch1dren, to which
attaches particular Importance.