davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14
THE COINS OF ENGLAND.
Bits of Information Interesting to Nh
mism Artists.

Bits of Information Interesting to Nu-
mism Artists.
Gold was first coined by Henry III and
copper was made money in 1872.
The only pure gold coins issued in En-
glish history were those of Henry LII.
Tin was used for coinage in 1850, and the
national farthing was made OF this Cambrian
product, with a stud of copper set in the
center. In 1890 and 1851 tin half-penee were
issued in considerable quantities.
The present English sovereign was issued
in 1917. and weighed twenty twenty-firs t
parts of guinea. The present standard of
two pennyweights silver and eighteen PEN
nyweIghts alloy.
The guinea in the reign of Queen Anne,
originally issued as a 20-Shilling piece,
rose in value to 80 shilingS, and was
acrobatic in values till Sir Isaac Newton
secured authority ordering the guinea to
pass for q shillings sterling.
Bronze coins were introduced in 1860,
replacing the old copper coins first legal
lied by the fiat of Charles III. and after
ward made by James III from old guns,
copper vessels, pewter pots and a general
assembiage Of comparatively worthless
metal.
In the reign of Edward I the pound in
tale OF silver coins was equal TO the pound
IN weight OF standard silver. The pound in
tale was divided into 20 shillings, the shil-
lngs into II pence, and each penny piece
weighed pennyweight, or "a grains.
Before the mintage of gold coins in En-
gland the byZant, valued at 10 shillngs, was
imported from Constantinople, and Flor
ences Of the same value from Florence
Edward Ill subsequently minted the noble,
Edward " the rial, Henry VII the double
rial, James | the laurel, ana Charles III re-
yived tue old laurel coin under the name Of
the guiuea.-Age of Steel.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14
SHOWS BAY

about it, so that they would not feel under
obligation to him. Sympathy cropped out
in various ways. For amusement they had
formed an amateur band. There was only
one musician in it, and he was called
tune" The others were Ego as you
please" musicians. TUNE" was taken
sick, and the others tried to give a concert
without him. II was a failure One young
fellow with a rich voice trOled out:
For the chap that's sick must be seen 70,
And you'll all subscribe, for you mean TO,
And yOu'Il find kohinOOrs in the morning.
Quick as thought he passed his cap
around and took up a collection for the sick
Tune" which was very welcome, as he
was much in need Of it.
After months Of wandering our travellers
turned their faces h0meward. He tells Of
his arrival in a civilized place: " 1t was
evening and a warm summer breeze, full Of
songs and memories, made the scene home
like and familiar. Seping a wicket gate
which led into garden l opened 1t stealth
lily, almost fearing TO be denied entrance.
And what a garden it was! Nothing but
roses, bushes, hedges and trees all aglow
whether | laughed, or sang, or wept or
prayed. but | do know that as | was return
ing to the house / met my Yankee comTade
ana he said to me:
You've been a spOilin' your feelin's
over them roses, and perhaps you'll admire
to hear es how you amt the only chap
comm from that blessed Karoo as hes been
fetched by them homely little critters.
reckon it's on account of their hOmeliness
that we can't, so to speak, put mp with
them Bridging over the long distance,
echOiug through the years, CHEEKY voices
are heralding time when we shall meet
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14
THEIR LUCK HAS CHANGED.
The Opal Is No Longer Considered as Ill
Omened Among Jewels.

The Opal Is No Longer Considered as ILL.,
Omened Among Jewels.
The opal is losing the bad reputation it
has had for so long as bringer of i'll luck, +"
said jewelTy dealer in San Francisco as
he talked over tray of Opals with a friend.
And its price has risen along with its rep
utation. We buy opals now by the carat,
just as we do diamonds. And they cost
from three to four hundred per cent more
than they did two years ago. Fashion, of
course, has something to do with the change,
for the opal has become quite fashionable
stone. The demand for it has been increas-
ing slowly but surely for several years and
is still growing.
The people who admired its beauty and
were not superStitiouS have always worn it,
of course.
&" l remember that l sold a set of opal
shirt studs TO Charles Croker in the early
days OF his career, and he had nothing but
uninterrupted good luck until his dying day.
BY wife has bad an opal ring ever since we
were married that she would not part with
for ten times its value. Good luck has
streamed upon her ever since she first put
it on.
Why, / could give You dozens of in
stances of people who have worn opals for
years and have had good luck all the time.
The fact that people have worn it and have
not suffered evil consequences has under
mined the superstition against 1t | suppose.
And then, too, the within of fashion has had
a good deal to do with the way it is re-
gaTded. Anyway, il is becoming the thing
to wear Opals, but you have to pay lot more
for the privilege than you did two or three
wears ago. FIX
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14
THE WORD "MUGWUMP."
1t Dates Back to the Days of the Pilgrim
Fathers.

1t Dates Back to the Days of the Pilgrim
Fathers.
The history Of the modern literary use of
the word "Mugwump" is enlarged by re-
cent contribution to the Vermont Standard
from Mr.. Henry S Dana Of Woodstock, Vt,
says the Nation. Mr.. Dana is deeply versed
in neighb0rhood matters, and has written
an elaborate history of Woodstock. lie
says that the American Wing newspaper,
published for several years IN that town.
contained the following, under date of Au-
gust a, 1892:
dying CALL" OR THE CAT LET OUT OF THE
BAG.
Through the pOllleness OF an antl-Masonic
friend IN distant town. we have been furnished
with copy OF the secret bulletin OF the Clay
Masonic party. 1t has extensively circulated
among the Knights of Kadosh and the Most
WOrshipful Mugwumps OF the Cabet0w nearly q
month ago, and with so much secrecy and
caution" that we have been unable TO get a sight
OF copy until The present moment.
Mr. Dana says: The credit of starting
the word 'Mugwumps' in the public prints
must be given to our felOw-townsman.
Henry S. Hutchinson, until some person
appears who can establish a prior claim"
1t may be doubted whether at this distance
Of time claim prior to 1882 can wei. be eS-
tablished by production of printed record;
but ever since the days of the Pilgrim
Fathers the word has been familiar in New
England communities. Because it was thus
familiar. the Vermont editor sixty years
ago used it in addressing the plain people of
his constituency. He knew that they whud
understand it. 1t is to be noticed that the
term invariably denotes some excellency or
superiority in the persons to whom Il is
applied,
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14

upon the judicous or indiScrimnative
use of the remedy" Cases with acute soft
ening and breaking down of tUbercular de-
posts are, as a rule, not suitable for the
treatment. The therapeutic results ARE
such that we must accord it the position OF
most valuable aid in the cure of tubercu-
lOsis." but physicians are mot justified in
depending upon Koch's remedy only" The
application requires the greatest circuln-
spection, and the dangers from indiscrimi-
nate application are as real in early as they
are in advanced stages of pulmonary con-
sumption.
These conclusions are of course, some
what provisional, and further practice with
the lymph is necessary to determine the
limits Of its curative value. There can be
no question that. as Professor Koch orig
Inaly implied, the new remedy ought not to
be depended on alone. but should be COM
bined with other measures of relief, promi-
nent among which is the climatic and n.y.
girnic treatment.
1t will probably take considerable time
for the profession to discover how tubercu-
lin may be employed with the best results.
The DELAY may seem hard for sufferers from
phthss to bear. But. from DR.. Won Ruck's
observations, it would appear that in the
end Professor Koch's work will prove to
have been by no means in vain.
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14

Seven days trolling down to the Cape"
and we find our travellers at Cape Town.
They do not appear TO have been paTticu-
larry in love either with the Cape or with
Natal. where cloud gusts often blow for
fifty hours with no lull, causing disaster al
sea and discomfort on land, clouds of sand
and even grit and gravel filling the air dur
ing the fury Of a gale" But, following tie
example OF the wealthy, he leaves the town,
aud says: "ROudebOacb, ClaremOnt, Wynn
berg and other charming places within easy
daily driving distance attract most of the
richer population, very few of whom live
in the town, the scarcity of water in summer
being great drawback, both to humanity
and vegetation" The country in which
these suburbs are located is possessed of
great beauty aud floral wealth. The gener-
Gus hospitality of the people and the beauty
Of the girls, 'whO, at II or Is, have as
much aplOmb as English maidens acquire
five OF six years later" are eXt0lled in the
choicest flowers of rhetoric. The South
African cOlOnist is cheerful companion,
marked characteristic, brought about by
clear skies, almost inyaTiable sunshine and
pleasant surroundings.
The B0er is of uniform stolidity with
manners and customs centuries old. Ii
there be no running water near him, the
BOeT will use that which is Stagnant IN
eOmplainiDgly. He tells of one BOer who
had lost three children in one week from
diphtheTia, and a fourth was dying, but as
the aid Of a physician would require walk
of ten miles, and his own life was in
jeopardy from Infection, he would not
undertake the Journey, and was needless OF
advice. The country Of the BOer is one of
striking contrasts. 1.-The unshaded and
scant pasture Of hundreds Of miles Of Boer
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14

Speaking Of that island, which has been
apty described as terrestrial paradise, he
says: -Four days after leaving London we
sighted Madeira and Las DeseTtas, looking
IN the mysterious dawn ike some vague
dream Islands IN summer seas. The high
hills were WTealhed with white mist that,
as we approached, softly and gradually rose
and faded in ClOudlesS skies. The color If
the water surrounding Madeira was of a
pale, rare blue, and SO eXQuisltely clear that
the naming OF color does not convey any
sense Of its indeScTibabie beauty. Near the
shore small OIive-tinted urchins swan
round the ship, and silver coin was dropped
by the passengers. and could be seen glitter
ing lar down in the water while these in
fants Owed after the spoil and never failed
TO rescue It, The wealth Of color on land
was soon Observation-Disclosures Towering
shrubs, and verandas oyergTOwn with
tuchsIaS geTanIumS and CematiS of every
conceivable hue. We landed among a
motley gathering Of dark faces that crowded
around, offering birds, monkeys, walking
SUCKS, articles made Of lDlald wood, baskets,
chairs, chaperonage and advice, all for sale
and IS 1t not recorded IN every history of
travel that the English victim has always to
pay eXorbltantly 90 rid himself Of the ven
DOR OF things he requires not? The inhab-
HANS OF Madeira powerfully enforce this
universal law. The numerous tropical
fruits we saw perpleXed the choice with
their rlpeneSS and prOfuSi0n. The quaint
streets paved with CObbieStOnes their
pointed ends upward, soon tired the pedes-
TRAN. and | was glad 10 hire tile only kind
OF carriage obtainabie, wheelless, covered
sleigh, which was drawn by oxen nojSeessly
up steep roads that seemed sleeping in end
less sunshine, where from every bend could
be seen lovely glimpses seward through a
luXurant and teTTacPd shore" How will
this compare with Rider Haggard's descrip-
ton Of the same spot?
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14

duration. Diamond digging was not profit
able, 80 they did a little business bartering
for skins. And here again our friend in-
dulgeS in a philosophy not favorable to the
introduction Of civilization. He says;
"EVeryT here | found the natives obliging
and unSOphiSncated. InrOadS from native
tribes need not be so greatly dreaded for in
terfeTlng y it'll the welfare of the colony as
the results of inconsderate speculation. OF
the plaques which affect this continent
and they number in their train lOcuSts, horse
disease, dT0ughts, sand-stOTmS, snakes and
pests Of iusects-the foreign human plague
may prove the worst, unless the intending
cOnniSt be Of the industrious class who will
influence the natives for good, instead of
degrading them by the introduction Of
habits OF which, in their isolation. they are
ignorant"
Drink appears to be the greatest curse of
the country, and he calls it land Of ''eter-
nal thirst" Much of this is due to the
scarcity Of water, but human depravity also
has much to do with it. The cattle suffer
greatly for lack of water, and will some
times stray for miles in search Of il, and in
some instances they are lost forever. The
mirage Of blue lakes has tantalizing effect.
Alter several weeks Of suffering they re-
turned to Pinel. Most Of those whom they
had lett there were gone to other diggingS.
Miners are migratory, but as a rule gener-
Gus. 4 young married lady told Mr.. Kelly
that she and Ter husband were travelling
north, and having notified the landlord of
the inn at klipdrift of their coming, they
were grat!ted TO ind a Wel-iurnished room
awaiting them. Every evening for three
weeks she sat beside a handsome, bright
young fellow at table with whom she chatted
gayly. Two months later this lad died
from the effects OF sunstrOke, and
she then learned that he had given
up his room to her on condition that lei Their
she nor her husband were to know anything
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14
A VALUED BIBLE.
How 1t Saved a Volunteers Life on the
Battle Field.

How 1t Saved a Volunteers Life on the
Battle Field.
Among the visitors at the dedication cere-
monies at Allegheny Cemetery yesterday
was j. p Reichert of Post 300 of Luzerne
County, says the PIttSburg Press. Mr.
Reichert has a number of relics of the bat
tle-ield in bis possession, and among them
is small pocket Bible, with a large bullet
imbedded in its folds.
II prize that Bible very highly" said Mr..
Reichert, ''aS it once saved my life. / en-
listed in the army as a private in the
Thirty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers. On
July 4, 1868, during the battle of Gettyst
burg, l was walking through grove abou-
u 80 o'clock, when | was suddenly dealt
singing blow in the side, and fell to the
ground unconscious Some friends found
me shortly afterward and removed me to
the hospital. Upon taking off my coat they
noticed bullet hole, and found the Bible
with the bullet encased IN it. The force of
the blow fractured two of my ribs, and
l was confined to the hospital for three
months.
''The Bible was right over my heart, and
this saved my life The shot was evidently
fired by sharpshoOter from a tree, as the
ball glanced downward upon hitting the
Bible. Had the ball been fired fair at the
Bible it would have gone through and ac-
compliShed its work"
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14

scribed as being daily wonders and trans
formation scenes Looking westward,
Simons Bay glittered in the morning light,
ard its little town nestled in background
of hill. Sometimes a breeze of the land
would flutter the surface of the water into
ripple that made all tie bay the deepest,
freshest green.
Six days in a covered wagon on leather
springs, drawn by ten horses. with relays
every twelve to fifteen miles, and our tray-
eleTs are at Kimberly, having Travelled In
this manner 600 miles over roads that made
them at times hold their breath. a rail
road is the one thing needed. just before
reaching the fields one of the passengers
ventured the remark that he had been there
before and was now on his return. de was
asked what his occupation was.
Digging" he replied, ''and driving the
hope business, for a man, eff he is wise,
when he finds diamonds he up and goes
afore he loses them, aud he never comes
back again. You'll hev to do a bit in my
line onlesS you are, so to speak, born with
KOhinoUr in your mouth, but l reckon
you're bit misfortunate?'
Doubtless" 1 answered, I'VE all get
wrong turn now and again"
Greet you are" he said confdentially
1--WE he'd heaps of up aud downs sence |
was raised Other folks makes the money
and / git the experience, so the h0nOrs is
equal; but it's not true es folks picks up
diamonds without STOPPING"
New Rush." as Kimberly was called, did
not prove a bonanza. The impression that
the diamond fields were at any time the
rendezvous of rowdyiSm is false. Self-gOv-
eminent was at first the only law, but this
gave way to something better. After work
ing for four months without finding any
thing our travellers bundled up their traps,
and taking their gang of patient Zulus with
them they emigrated to the Vaal River.
They sold their claim before leaving, and
the very next day the purchaser picked up
q thirty-carat stone within foot of where
they left off digging Such is luck. In their
new location they found genial if not
congenial companions. They were at an
altitude of 5000 feet above sea level, aud ex-
perienced storms Of great violence and long
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14

property, as well as the uncertain harvests
lured out of an unwilling and an unwatered
soil, are pathetic contrasts to the vine-cov-
cred slopes Of the PaaTl and the rich, lux
HTiant growth of the KnySna forests" but
isolation, immunity from taxation and ire
spunsibility have greater charms for the
Boer than the inroads of civilization. Cap
ital, labor and machinery are wanted more
and more every year in South Africa. The
country is one Of untold riches, and besides
the work on the diamond fields, the copper
mines and ostTich-farming, the wealth Of
coal, sugar, wine, wool and gold in the
Transvaal yet to be developed and un-
earthed is beyond computation.
Kalk Bay, where our travellers soj0urned
for a brief period, is rather cheerful place.
1t is fishing village. with magnificent out
look upon the open sea. One day they were
enlivened by the presence of a cobra in
their midst. On another occasion, the re-
eeding Of the tide left an octopus wrigglng
In a shallow pool Of water alongside of the
house. The next morning after their ar
rival, neighb0r sent them a basket con-
tanning twenty-fOur punches of superb
grapes, and when they attempted to thank
MIN, re cut them short by replying: "Lor' +,
you wouldn't think it worth while If you
only saw the peaches and things we give to
the pigsp The sunrises and sunsets are de-
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14
VALUABLE ROSARIES.

Some That Are the Property of Well
Known Persons.
Miss Drexel, the winning daughter of Mrs.
Joseph Drexel, carries her pearl prayer
beads in u little plush pocket arranged on the
back of her prayer-book.
A dainty string of milk white pearl beads
owned by Mrs. James G. Blaine Jr., slip
through her waxlike, tapering fingers while
her lips express her prayers.
Mrs. General Coils wears around her neck
when she attends church pure ivory
rosary, which comes just above the ruching
on her neck, and is claSped in the back by
tiny gold spider
Mrs. Henry Clews. wife of the New York
banker, has a magnificent rosary which
she got in Ireland. 1t is composed OF great
emeralds which once adorned the altar cloth
of ST. Peters cathedral.
Nine. de BarriOs, the widow Of the late
President of Guatemala, who is said to own
the finest diamonds of any woman in Amer
lea, carries each Sunday to church curious
rosary composed of beads of blo0dst0ne set
with diamonds.
A plain but costly rosary worn by Mrs.
Clinton 0gilvie Of New York is made of
onyx and pearls. each bead being engraved
with the figure of the Messiah in all the
transitions from the entrance TO Jerusalem
to the death on the cross.
The grandest rosary in all New York is
owned by Mrs. Eugene Kelly. 1t came from
Rome. Each bead is cut round out of
cameo, and in each is engraved the portrait
of Pope Of Rome. The skillful carving
on each bead was done by renowned Italian
artists.
Sara BeInhardt has rosary given her by
the King of italy. Made of onyx and set
with star rubies, it at once attracts the eye
by its peculiar shape. There are no round
beads to rotate and report the Litany upon,
but instead there are triangular bits of
onyx strung together for two yards in
length.
Mrs. Nellie Sartoris, the daughter of Gem
eral Grant, 10 Catholic and has some half
dozen different kinds of rosaries. One, an
heirloom in her husbands family, is COM
posed of ruby beads, studded with amber
crystals; another is of silver, with diamonds
two are of onyx, and two more are of jet of
Nhf no "a
The morning call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1878-1895, 1891-06-14

statements In regard to 1.-The Rewards OF
Literature:
TennysOn receives from his publishers an
annual income Of about $4,000. The verses
beginning
What does little birdie say
In her bed at peep of day?
Were bought by periodical at $40 line.
Ballad of the Revenge" Robert Bonner of
the Ledger paid 5000 for THE May
Queen"
The publishers of the CornhiI Magazien
gave George Eliot $4,000 for " Romola."
More than twice that amount was paid for
" dlemarch"-Harper 81 Brothers them
selves are reported to have given SAC, 900 for
the American priority-and that book coined
money for all concerned in its publication.
Both Scott and Dickens won tor them
selves grand total of something over 81 900, =
600, with no other capital to start on than
an ink bottle and pen. The first check
which the Longmans handed over 20 Ma
cauiay on account of copyright for the His
tory of England" was $4,000
The check is preserved as a curiosity
among the archives of the LOngmans firm.
And the history is still selling-at the rate,
1t IS said, of some seventy copies week
and copyright money is still pouring into
the Golfers of Macaulay's heir. Victor Hugo
received $4,000 for LES Misera0les," and
corresponding sums for his other works.
Eugene Scribe is said to have left an estate
of nearly $1,000, 600. France. indeed. is the
Ell Dorado of writer's. George Sand, Alex
andre Dumas. nearly all of the leading
writer's of fiction, amassed wealth by their
labOrs.
Mrs Stowe received $4,000 for "Unele
Toms Cabin" and Mrs. Augusta Evans
Wilson cleared $4,000 in eight years out of
her novels.
As to Mark Twain, it is we'll known that
that genial gentleman has found a bonanza
mine in literature-S300 600 has been named
as the sum realized from The Innocence
ABROAD" we'll as in the drama.-N. Y.
Press