The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1891-01-09
STOCK, FARM AND GARDEN.

STOCK, FARM AND GARDEN.
DIR. Lawes, the eminent English ex-
"kuows of no way III
which impoverished soil can ever be
restored from its own resources"
If the COW is kept in the stable at
night. and it should be during cold
weather, there must be three essen
tiI conditions observed. 1t must be
kent clean, free from foul odors, ana
we'll ventilated. Tit is not, better
turn the COW out of doors, where at
least the milk will not be tainted by
the impure air that she breathes.
The cutting off of the cluster of
ewes at the "seed end" of the potato
before planting is often advocated on
the assumption that the tendency to
produce small tubers is thus reduced.
Experiments at various Stations have
failed to Justify the practice. and
farmers might do well, instead OF
throwing this end away, to plant by
Us IF and observe the results.
The latter half of the milk drawn
f ON the COW at each milking con-
tains from two-third5 to three-fourths
IL feeding calves, put the milk first
drawn i'm q vessel 10y itself and save
for their use, reserviug the rest foi
the dairy. The calves may thus have
the advantage of fresh warm milk,
while the cost of raising them viii be
materially lessened, and their feed
ing will not be such wholesale drain
upon the dairy.
If you have lawn or meadow
uIon which you desire to promote eX-
ceeding rich growth, and you either
grow tobacco or can procure the
stems cheaply, try an application OF
them asa fertilizer. The Kentucky
Experiment Station used them at the
rate of 400 pounds per acre, and OBJ
tanned the increased yield OF blue
grass OF l06 per cent, ana OF timothy
OF 80 per cent, as compared with cor
responding unmanured plants. The
effect of all heterogeneous fertilizer,
nitrate of soda aud sulphate OF am
mOnia were also decidedly beneficial,
while the use of potash does not seem
10 have been profitable.
To make pork profitable you must
have first a good br ell. Berkshire
AID Poland China are among the best.
Where the latter originated, i'll South
ern Ohio, pork raising has been pur-
sued as prOfitably as anywhere in the
United States. The farmers have
kept to that breed almost wholly for
years, and it has built up many a fine
farm Make pork of spring pigs, and
do not gorge the young pigs with sour
swill, but feed milk, pJas and oats,
roots, whey and sweet slOps. Us
these to supplement good clover pas
CuTe, and let corn constitute the bulk
Of the ration only when feeding Oft,
and you will get the pork at the least
possible cost.
At recent Farmers Institute in
Wisconsin the following good points
for sheep growers were brought out
by PRACTICAL farmers: A farmer who
has been a sheep grower for any
length of time has invariably been a
success financially. Mutton should
be the first consideration, wool the
second; the market is asking for a
be Ter class of mutton, aud il willing
to pay a good price for it. Upon the
ordinary farm four cents per pound
will pay the cost of growing, and all
more than that is profit. The MerinO
and Down breeds are both good, but
the highest profit goes to the credit of
the Southdown. Good mutton is
AltduC ny BOOl lOO'i CbSitiSC 10 OllS vi
the best of foods, better than dry feed,
bur a mixed ration is best for sheep,
as tor all other stock. Sheep do not
need n warm stable, but II dry one,
and must be protected from storms.
The brOOm-rape of hemp and tobac-
60 tPhelipma ramOsa) is II parasite
which Injuries these plants by feed
ing of their sap, thus causing weak
ness OF the stems, and, in the case of
hemp, al imperfect fiber. There are
- species of this parasitic family
found in North America, and, while
their destructiyeuess has been thus
far almost wholly confined to the
plants mentioned, they have been oc-
casionaIiy seen upon other crops, such
a. tomatoes and other plants having a
more or less woody stem. In Ken
lucky, in some cases 80 per cent of
the hemp crop has been rendered
worthless by it. Rotation of crops,
burning over infested fields, care in
collecting seed for planting, and the
use of fertilizers for stimulating the
growth of the crops, are effective
methods of preventing injury. Gas
lime applied to land IN the fall has
been found useful in destroying the
hroom-rape seeds. Danger is greater
10 .. crop planted on loose soil Than to
that grown on a heavy soil Rolling
loose soil with a heavy iron roller
may to some eXte 1t do away with the
conditions which favor injury from
the brOom-rape.
As the time for sowing oats is again
APP rOaching it may be worth while
to call attention to the result of last
We IRIS experiments with this crop at
IL AnfnnlxU E'ynnrirnnnt
Various tests were made for the pur-
pose OF determining various ques-
lions. The best variety, upon this
soil, was found to be the White
Victoria. After that came White
Siesure, Barley oats, Welcome and |
Improved American. Trials regard !
ing depth of sowing were made at
one, two and three inches, with best
results at two inches. The methods |
of sowing were by drilling, broad
casting with narrowing, and broad !
casting with blowing in. The sec |
ond method gave the best yield, and |
we would say that many excellent
farmers find this the case in their !
own experience, and for the oaL
crops are going lack to brOadcasting
and narrowing, a. against drilling |
AS to time Of sowing, the largest |
yields were obtained from those made |
tarlle -G-aS soon as the land was in |
condition. Servings made after April |
IS resulted in failure. Amounts vary
ing from one to four bushels were |
sCwn, with but little difference in |
yields. Evidence seems to accumu-I
late that if we can get an even distri- |
button of seed = much less quantity
VIII d than we have been in the
habit of using. This will apply to
all small grains.
The veteran of the Indiana Expert
ment Station has been making a
special study of the diseases of horses,
aud horse owners find Bulletin No.
so of that Station of special value to
them. 1t treats especially of the in
tluenza, the synonyms of which are
epidemic catarrh, epizootic catarrhal
lev er, panZOOtic catarrhal fever dis |
temper and epizoOtic. The disease