davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1891-03-09
PEDIGREE ANIMALS.
Importance of the Selection of Farm
Animals for Breeding stock.

Importance of the Selection OF Farm
Animals for Breeding Stock.
The old saying that blood will tell is
equally true and applicable to animals as
to men. 1t is a belief in this theory that
lies at the foundation of herd books.
cattle registers and all associations for
the importation or Improvement of ami
mails. When a farmer has stocked his
farm with his favorite breed he is too
apt to consider that there is little more
for him to do than to preserve his herd
in its present purity of blood. This too
often leads to neglect in making him
self fully acquainted with the excellen-
cies or defects of its individual members.
Then man may have an excellent breed
of cattle in which many of the animals,
if they could be tried by the pedigree
test, would be found to have descended
from ancestors in no way remarkable
for the better characteristics of the
breed to which they belonged.
There are existing differences among
the members of q herd of Jerseys or Hol-
stems as wide as any that separate the
breeds. Consequently, in the improve
ment of breed by the selection of ami
mails as breeding stock, where it can be
shown by pedigree that in addition to
their own inherent fitness for certain
purposes the selected ones have descend
ed from progenitors possessing more than
an average proportion of the dominant
quality of the breed, a steady improve
ment may be confidently expected. In
other words, there are individual families
in breeds that possess, when compared
with the average, either in high or low
degree, the excellencies of the strain In
the selection Of the breeders it is also to
be remembered that very much depends
upon the male as well as upon the female
Hence the progeny of a COW of high
milking qualities, and sire from fam
lily deficient in that respect, although of
the same breed, is quite likely to show a
falling off from the record of the mother
These principles, however, although
believed to be correct, do not necessarily
preclude the idea of improvement from
parents not of registered or pedigree
stock. There are numerous instances of
unusually fine milking qualities to be
found in cows of the so called native cat
tie that cannot be traced back to any an
cestrai stock. With such a dam and a
male from family of superior mixers,
an improvement is not only possible but
probable. At the least, it may be ex-
pected that the best traits of the mother
will reappear in her offspring. Through
careful selection and breeding for a
series of years, not only is a great i'm
provement in cattle possible, but it is IN
this way that some distinct-and valuable
breeds have been formed, says the agri-
cultural editor of The New York World,
authority for the foregoing.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25


Chicago does not know agood thing
when she sees it. There, Tor example,
was Garter Harrison, OF whom it is not
too much to say that he is the Only.
Carter was willing to serve as the
Worlds Columbian Fair Mayor. He
was willing because OF the great response
biltty that will rest on the Mayor at that
great time. He was willing because the
Mayor will be expected to meet people,
representatives Of foreign potentates and
that sort Of thing, and the Mayor should
be a man OF imposing presence. lie
was willing because the Mayor will have
to drink toasts and respond to them.
Carter argued that tho Mayor should
be man who can talk. Ifthere is any
thing Garter Harrison can do it is talk,
He can Just as easily talk more or less,
and it makes no possible difference to
him what he talks about or whether
anybody is listening. Well, Carter dis
played his line of wares before tho as
sembled Democracy OF Chicago and was
despitelully used. Turning from Car
ter the convention lit on Cregier, the
hated Cregier, present incumbent whom
Carter thinks he made, job with which
he is not well pleased.
So Garter will not be Mayor, even il
he concludes that there is no politics in
II and ambles withal on the Independent
Law. There las rarely been 80 marked 8
case Of stupid lack OF appreciation. And
this in the intelligent city of Chicago.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

WANTED-A SPECIAL AGENT
wv wanted for each State in the United
States 10 manage, solicit, appoint subj Renp ano
lake exclusive control Of territory assigned. Ad
dress Lock box Coz, City. mrA
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
Something About ohio Girls.

Nev York EreNiHO Sun.
There is a little town out in Ohio called
Wellsville.It has always been noted for
it's inexhaustible supply of natural Ras
and pretty girls. The natural gas hasn't
been doing anything special 10 add to
its glory, but the pretty girls have.
Some money had been raised for foreign
missions in one of the churches, and a
lot OF these girls pledged themselves 10
raise It. So each Of them opened u bus.
iness for herself to earn the money.
One bought bushel OF beans and
baked them in bean crooks. And she
baked them so well that the whole town
has taken 10 eating beans, and nothing
else excepting popcorn. And this was
because another girl bought and popped
a lot Of corn and sold gay little bags OF II
in the buRiness Offices OF her friends. The
third young woman developed homely
and entirely new idea. She offered to
catch all the rats and mice in her friends
houses at Eve cents head, and there
Ia a stampede among the rats aud
mice in Wellsyille. Another homely but
useful Office Is performed by q girl who
has hired the services OF grinder and
who goes about with him collecting all
the edged tools Of her friends, which he
sharpens while she turns the crank.
There seems also to be q considerable
demand for corn salves and ointment in
that town, for a young woman who has
peddled these from house TO house has
made more money than any one elsc.
Here are come Of the other necessary
things that are sold about from
house 10 house, by these dead.in.earnest
foreign missions young women: Brooms,
I've, pigs feet, hominy, bread, cakes,
candy, soft soap and chicken pies. One
girl has trimmed the bangs Of all femi-
nine Wellsville, and has begun on the
bangs Of the men. Another keeps the
nails OF the town in good order, and the
last one heard from tends babies at so
much an hour. Not need Of the town
is left administered TO. All OF which
shows that when an Ohio woman
espouses the cause Of foreign missions or
any other cause, she makes 1t go, even II
she takes-the whole town into custody
to accomplish IL.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

yer spectators well know. They ex'
pect the farming class who in debt
70 yield to 1t, particularly when they
couple with tia plan for government
warehouses to which the farmers may
bring their products and receive 80 per
cent Of their value in the shape OF adj
yances, at 9 per cent interest.
As to what will happen after all this
programme is carried out that will not
be inquired into too closely by the man
who is to be liberated from debt. When
the corrupt courtiers Of France were
warned that the rumbling' Of the rising
revolution could DO heard in the dis
lance they simply shrugged their
shoulders and said, latter us the
deluge." This merry.goround OF ours
will last our day. But it did not last
their day. They were overtaken by the
deluge and swept away.
That particular French era would be
wholesome reading Just now 1or ali 40
yocates Of iiat money. Those were the
days Of the "French .assignats" which
were government fat money, secured on
all the government real estate which com
prised at that time one third Of all the rea
estate OF France. Things boomedin France
for awhile as they never doomed before
bus the eternal laws Of finance at last
asserted themselves, inevitable collapse
came and universal disaster fell upor
the nation.
We trust that all our West Virgins
fsrmers who are being importuned u
take an interest in this subject prepare
tory to next years campaign will reac
up on the experience of other people
who have tempered with their currency
and who have undertaken to create ar
artificial prosperity, and find new plar
to pay debts. They will find that in ev
cry instance an impressive warning rise
from the past to guide, US undo
temptations like the present.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25


BoYD-on Monday, March q, 1881, FR4SK H.
BOYD, aged Il years, months aud days.
Funeral from his late residence, on Eleventh
street, East wheeling. this lwedntsdAyl
afternoon at o'clock. Internent ct PENN
Gular cemetery. Friends Of the family In
ylted.
MURPHY-0n Monday, March y, 1891. at i
O'Clock q. M, Mrs. MARY, rellCt OF the late
John Murphy, aged Is years.
Funeral from her late reSI4esce, No. lll2 Main
street, Wednesday morning at . O'Clock.
Requiem Mass at the Cathedral at $3.50 a. m.
Friends OF tho family respectfully invited so
attend. Interment at Mt. Calvary cemetery
THoMPSON-on Monday. March %, 1891. at
O'Clock a. m, Mira. SUSAN Z. THOMSON
aged 73yeArS.
Funeral services at 81. Matthew'S Church, We'd
nCsiGy, March %, at 1880 O'Clock p. m
Funeral private.
RIEsTER-on Monday. March q, 1901; at 7:it
o'clock q. m, WILLIAM T., son ei n. aud
Mary L. RieSter, aged ~ years and months
Requiem Mass at 81. Joseph's Cathedral or
wednesday morning at $50 O'Clock. Fu
neral from the residence OF his parents, No
$3.50 Market street, at O'Clock p. m. Inter
ment at Mt. Calvary cemetery. Friends o.
the family arc invited to attend.
FERG 0 5OS-On Tuesday, March q, 1891, a.
40 O'Clock, MARY ", wife Of Marshall
Ferguson, IN her 65th year.
Funeral notice hereafter.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

by local applications, as they can not
reach the diseased portion OF the ear.
There is only one way To cure deafness,
and that is by constitutional remedies
Deafness Is caused by an indamed con-
dition Of the mucous lining Of the Gus
tachian tube. When this tube gets in.
famed you have q rambling sound or
imperfect hearing, and when it is en-.
tirely closed deafness is the result, and
unless the inflammation can be taken
out and this tube restored to its normal
condition, hearing will be destroyed for
ever nine cases out oil ten are caused by
catarrh, which Is nothing but All In
famed condition OF the mucous surfaces.
We will give one hundred dollars for
any case oil deafness Caused BY catarrh
that we can not cure by taking Halls
Catarrh Cure. Send for circulars, free.
F.. J. CHENEY & Co., Toledo, o.
hSYSold by druggists, Toe. DGw
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
EVERYDAY PHILOSOPHY.

she-"oh dearl George, my hands
are nearly frozenl" He-"Why didn't
yon bring your muff?" She'll did"
Princeton Tiger.
she-"You don't mind my talking SO
much, do your" He-"No, indeed
but Ciscetiouslyl l may mind after we
are married." she-"But l shan't mind
then II you YANKEE BLADE.
wool-"How the people Of Dakota
must be suffering nowadaysW Van
Pelt-"Oh, they don't mind the Indians
a great deal, after their experience with
real estate sharks."-MuHSeys Weekly.
Mr.. Giltman-"What have you done
with my wife's pet poodle that ! paid
you $50 TO steal2" sneak.thiet BILL
returned it this morning and got the So
reward she offered for it."-&. JoSeph
Ners.
"How pleasant that lady looks! She
seems perfectly happy" Yes, she must
either have found pure religion in her
own heart or the seeds OF ain In the
heart Of one Of her neighbors. "-BoSt0n
Transcript.
"I am sorry, Mr.. scnoierl, to have Il
ask you not to come TO this restaurant
any more, but you are 80 continually
shaking your head that 1t might giyl
rise to misapprehensions as TO the quail
ty Of the dishes. know, OF course, tina
you are reading the political news, bu
the other guests don't know it,
| Flie1ende BtGEtter.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

WTAETED-ENERGETIC MAN
w with $3.50. Is State Agent, Can make -
day and expenses. Room X Third Floor
| front, l2O6 Market street. mr2e
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
hot SPRINGS, DOCTORS
And All Methods and Remedies Fail
TO Cure q Bruised Leg.
Cuticura Succeeds.

Having been sufferer for two years and a hall
from disease caused by bruise on the leg, and
having been cured by the CufICURA kEMEDIEs
when all other methods and remedies failed, !
deem It my duty 10 recommend them ! visited
Hot Springs to no avail, and tried several doc.
tons without success, aud at last our principal
druggist, Mr.. John r. PinlAY Ito whom ] shall
ever feel gratefully, spoke 10 me about CUTICURA
REHEnIE g, and consented TO give them trial,
with the result that an perfectly cured. There
IL now no sore about nc. think can show
the largest surface whore my suleIings EprGnG
from Of any one In the state; Tho CpTIcukA
RENHDlES are the best blood aud skin cures
manufactured refer 10 druggist John p. Fin.
lay and DR.. D. c. Montgomery, both Of this place,
aud TO Dr. Smith. OF Lake Lee, Miss.
ALEXANDER BEACH, GFeenville, Miss.
Mr.. Beach used the CUTIcuRA REMEDIES, at our
request, with results - above stated.
A. B FINLAY & CO., D1t1otSts.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

faI. kn a1sVNaak az
nuo 'n'pE upou VIC .aV 49, AZ
" .uo -leo Sei =. a. $780, ITa;toa &c. LII
o'.e.uus Y, y. 'n ,.' NV a,, 49, 5 s,
10 eo,py''eu " VC'a :ns s 'i.si ~
age VI az sue WIN i NV, nO ~ W.,
ils, anu nus ESTUARY S..a .Ooo ~ ' 49, poO o.o
VI 'ne on''eS s s,, ."V .L n' 80. S1'
On eSeiy su'u uoIta'' 10 suo iuu1O' ~,
Ice ~ 'n M, . ,.a,,S. , Nv ',..o .,SS
country, 1n'rs ever. We" . more a .aS
C.1us sVnenl0 u uN"N'' pt'''n''N 'DAA
'nIs que .,. -. A.,
PROPOSES ~ 'ue H's' p.ASe " .Ou ~. suo
people M u WHO'S w va, 'aA'nS , away W, sne
ss'sn.ofSEe VI suo s,''et Vo.uHSp ..os
Tue uoVsinhsu'' aDu n . y. .p, ,Og Ss v,ou
l'o,s W tuAA.us nun tA 49,. Sn 1 Una ,na,
S constantly I -; 81 s,n n.5a ~ va. I IT,; ~. @
S4eS. a o.ao a. - 80 ~ ,,,aas n,an O"ta
e's 1na :, s p,a"i.,ssas. - So s. -NA
p p u .nsS.s".s - aS,.: :. .s,, 49,.
ln9 ooS SOSs'uusnI n, 0 TT.ns .. 'n . s'a0
~, VvO'yoo Ss s.S., =, ~ II. ~ Az"
tuls sDaOtOo .i nV ' az .S Snoae o 800 -
Ae.'Ju p.O :. ~. a." aa.. ;,S ~ Wv w.. -
a%p.e p'VAuSe ~ 'es tsI%n' " 10 s .,'
mnesuot VIC SAu -, ."4H S1I T 9ssn 'u.'
CO,lSse ~ pa. W." :. S ,.,,, - '" Ia. san
nOs mus nMus".u ~ i SO.u WI. ~ Nv UOu'so
10 usmou''1eu "I ,.. S,S"pPI ,1, nou. W..
sltSu'S''OD' anu U'S'N''t "N' NATURALLY
lo.low' .oo mn 80
In coming 'nI4 4'UoO,VVO 0unCeS pel
month 'he government Uuys 1ne 'Ilsef
IN inc open matSe. AZ ~! sno iowSss rue
anu makes sn0pI9 9 tn 'n S,s so,U ~
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
II. ~, PoT1T5,

AND TENTH Bridge Whceng
and wheeling,
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

FIVE years from now many good peo'
pie will wonder why it was that they
could not sec far enough to know that
West Virginia was coming out OF the
wilderness. They will mourn ns those
without comfort. West Virginia Is
moving, and there are forces at work
that will mako it move faster.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

TIE desperate who killed Detective
Gilkinson, OF Pittsburgh, was at the last
detected by a physician who, passing by
and noticing on the blind shadow,
reached shrewd conclusion. The ply
stefan recognized the shadow picture az
that of woman dressing q mans
shoulder. He gave the alarm and the
murderer was taken, Here is some good
raw material for a romancer Of bright
fancy.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

wnAT delightful time they are hav'
ing among the big wigs in London. A
nobleman cheats at the gaming table in
the august presence Of the Prince o.
Wales, and the Queen herself is threat
ensd with prosecution for using on hel
prancing steeds the cruel bearing rein
Is royalty, then, no longer shield and
hrckler?
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
COMMISSIONERS SALE.
COMMISSIONERS SALE.
In the Circuit Court OF Ohio County.
LOulsa eoudermAnn,
Administrative OF william Sou.
hermann, deceased, In ChGncerr.
Vs.
unntwMIlfarn NRN

BY virtue OF decree entered In tho CircuIi
Court 81 Ohio County IN the above entitled
cause on the 10Th day OF February, 1897 Nc M.
derSigped EpGctal Commissioner Will Eell Al
public auction. at the north front door OF thc
Court House OF Ohio County, In the city Of
wheeling, W. Va, on
SATURDAY, the lSth DAY OF APRIL, 1891,
beginning at 10 O'Clock q. M, the following
property, that Is TO say: Lot Numbered iii In
SQUARE numbered twGnty.eisht IN that part Or
the said city Of Wheeling called South Wheeling.
except strip OF the EOnth side OF sald lot elVht
fee: In width on Jacob htrret and extending
back OF that uniform width the fell depth Of
the lot, It's south line being the sOuIh line Of
the lot GRid lot fronts Oh the cat side OF Jacob
street between Fortieth Ard Forty frat street,
aud there is upon the part OF said Int TO be sold
two buildings fronting upon Jacob street one
being brick and tho other frame. The said lot
will be offered a. whole and In two parcels
and sold In whichever way the highest price
can DO realized therefor.
TERMS OF HALR:-one.third OF the purchase
money, or as much more thereof "a the pur.
chaser may elect 10 pay in cash on the day Of sale,
aud eIeSidue In two equal uStallmenIG pays bio
res ,eCtiveiy IN nine and eighteen months from
day Of tRle the deferred inStAllments 10 bear 10.
tcrCsI aud 10 be evidenced by the notes Of the
purchaser with personal security thereon salts.
lAcIoTy 10 Eaid special commissioners, aud title
TO DO retained until thepurchRSe money Is paid
In fill
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

The heirs of Robert Edwards have
been a long while finding out that they
own s9OO,OCO,0OO OF real estate in New
York City. They will be longer in COM
ing into the fatness of possession. The
books arc full Of these things.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

SUGAR baron Havemeyer went into
the Sugar Trust for the public welfare.
With the game object in view he refuses
to tell anything about the inside OF the
scheme. His golden rule does not work
both WAYS.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

CHICAGO should construct her build
ings on foundations OF West Virginia
stone. Then her foundations would be
secure and her buildings would not
have to be torn down before they are
fairly up.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
WHEELING, MARCH Is. 1891.

IKu,efed at the PoStofdcC at Wheeling, VIVA.
hS secOnd.ClGSS matter
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

THAT Detroit kidnapping case may be
as straight as a string. Then again 1t
may be case Of "snaix." A man might
be handled as that old fellow was and
let 90 US he was, but it is more likely to
happen in dream alter bout with the
boys than in real hard fact. And by the
way, nobody has given the name Of the
woman in tho case.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

The educated cooks Of the country de-
Biroto found college for the elevation
OF their art, for that it is. II they can
get it into tho ordinary cooks mind
that u beeistcak should not be fried
their college will be worth all it may
cost, and generations yet unborn will dc
the clever thing by them. The stomach
OF man is more imposed on than any
thing else in the realm OF nature.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

THAT Indiana mob'deaIt roughly with
the tramp who was making himself a
terror, but it may be assumed that the
tramp train will not move that way for
few days at least.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
Life-Lone SUFFERING,

hayc suffered all my life with skin disease
Of different kinds, and have never found per
maneui relief, until, by the advice OF q lady
friend, used your valuable CuTIcUEA RENE
piss. gave them thorough trial, using SIX
bottles Of The CU1IcURA RIBoLYEHT, two boXei
OF CuTICVRA, and seven cakes OF CUTICURA
SOAR, and the result was Just what had been
told Il would bed complete cure.
BELLE WARD, Richmond, Va.
Reference, G. W. LGtlmeE, Druggist, Richmond
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

Nh. CLEVELAND, poerng into the
vague and shadowy future, is confronted
by a large and Stubborn ? Its aeon
dition, not theory.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

Ioose's Red Glover Pills cure Sick
Headache, Dyspepsia, Indigestion, Con
stipation. 25c per box, 3 boxes for 81
For sale by Logan Drug Company. D4W
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

WALnERLE PROPERTY FOR

viii ieli At the Court House in wells6u'S'
Brooke COUNT, West virginia, on 80,
sATURDAY,THE 18th DAY OF MARCH ISL,
at 10 O'Clock q. M, tho iArm belonG,ns sS 10
IAN, situated AZ Holidays Cove, conniin,'IE
two hundred and atty acres. The T., ~ ,,,i a.
4, 4. runs through the farm for nearly ina my,
About seyenty.6VO acres creek DoItoN, naTsCs.
thFeo Veins Of coal, Two Of Gre clay, aoundAHV'
Or building, dag md lime stone, l., ops.
TERNS-OnO third cENh, the bAlAHce III JAW
two and three years With Interest r.,s,co.
ie2d W.J,W CoWpENI 4'us''''
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
no SAFE BUYERS AND MOVERS.

We offer our services N those having Fire
Proof rates 70 move TO first, second OF third
stories OF buildings We can do It we'll.
We also sell AE lowest possible prices and
Proof safes, Vault D1ors, ETC., OF the very high
est grade OF work and ma lerlRl. We guarantee
tho Safes we furnish TO equal IN strength and
beauty OF hnish any safe male By any factory In
the country. This guarantee has no exception.
factory represented by drummeTs only. We arc
always at home here. We also clean and repair
Combination sale Locks. open looked up Sales
when out OF working order. and do all Kinds Of
mr2S MWAP No 1918 Main Street.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

CEASE your coughing and enjoy re-
freshing slumber, which DR.. Bulls
Cough Syrup will insure you.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25

How much more weight with the
public could Mr.. Blaine have II he were
PresidentP Large man, that Blaine.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1891-03-25
7. J. HuGUs Rnd
ALFRED CALDWELL,
Special Commissioners,

/, John W. Mitchell Clerk of tho Circuit
Court OF Ohio county, W. Va, do hereby certify
that bond and security has been given by tho
above Damed special commissioners al requIied
by law aud said decree, and conditioned AG.oId.
$50 JOHN W. MITCHELL, Clerk.
JC HERyEY, AuCtioneer. mTl2