The Portland daily press., 1891-11-13
BAYONETs RULE.
Da POuseea and His Troops Bra1irs
Oaly Government,
Unless LOnden Liars Are Doing
Some Hard Work.
Recent Brazilian History Which
Explains The Situation.
BOSTON, Mass, November IA Wash
ington dasnatch 10 the InnrnnI saws.

oOcIONs MdsSss NOfcuDcf ia WASH
ington despatch to the Journal says:
kilograms have been received at the state
and Navy Departments stating that not only
can no more eypher dispatches be sent from
Brazil. but none will be received there. It Is
understood that this prohibition applies to de-
spatches OF all kinds, including all business tel
egrams and even the communications between
foreign governments and their ministers. IL Il
the general belief among officials here that it
VIII be impossible for Da F0nseca to maintain
his dictatorship long without the use OF force.
so far as the United States is concerned, strict
neutrality Will be observed In case OF war, and
IL Is certain that ryprecaution will be adopt
ca 70 prevent the recurrence OF any Of the incl
dents that have embarrassed the United States
In its relations with Chill during and since the
received from Minister COnger tending to con
firm the story OF the revolt OF three OF the prn-
cipal Brazilian provinces, which Is also report
ed from English sources. There Is disposition
here to attribute 10 the English papers a desire
to embarTaS5 the Brazilian authorities, who
were responsible for the negotiations Of the re-
ciprocity agreement with the United states. in.
asmuch as this arrangement, In the short tinps
u has been In operation, has sensibly extended
the commerce between Brazil and the United
Hon. Robert Adams. ex-Unlted States Minis
ter TO Brazil, who Is Informed as TO Brazilian
matters, makes this statement as 10 the causes
WI WHEN nav9 lea 70 tne existing situation here
are several causes for the present crisis In Bra
I'll" said Mr.. Adams. "One reason Is the ex-
lstenee Of factions among the Republicans
themselves; another Is the financial policy Of
Da Fonseca's government A third Is the work
lngsof the monarchial party. During the lat
ter part Of Dom Pedro's reign his advisers were
eT9oesxossing Tmesosg 70 insure the succession to The
trusted the army all their hopes were built on
the ndelity OF the navy. A plan, originated, it
tsSssh oy s,nns, SSnse was eonsldesed 70 ss-
element of the Brazilians and the adherents OF
the empire. This national guard was TO hold
the population at Rio JaneirO In subIeetion.
The greater mart Of fhQ rQQfIlaF n y,
sent 10 the interior az once. Part Of this plan
was accomplished. The National Guard was
formed and two battallons Of the regular troops
were ordered TO the Interior. At this, a regl-
ment headed by Fonseca and its officers null
MED. The efforts Of the imperial party to sup
% miDisters % weTe made pris"SeTs Tbe Fmpsror an
was then summoned from Petrop0lis by
the Rovalists 10 quell the revolt. Heretofore
his presence had sufficed to calm all outbursts,
but In this case the officers had gone too far TO
withdraw, and upon the Emperor's arrival In
Rl0 Janeiro he was imprisoned IN his palace.
The Republican leader had meanwhile circula-
ted among the troops, aud the cry of "Viva Re-
publca" nOwswent up everywhere In the army.
A republic was declared and the Emparor Or
dered TO leave the country within "a hours. A
provisional government was formed with Da
Fonseca at It's head, supported by a.full cabinet.
Now comes one cause Of the present trouble.
Instead OF summoning from all over Brazil
republicans TO assist In founding a new govern
menf, Da Fonseca's Junta took the manage
ment OF aftairs into its own hands, It banished
not only many Eoyalists, but also many repub-
lieanS. among them Stlviera Martins, q prsmi-
nent leader In the province Of Rio .Grande DO
Sui. Then 1t established a military government.
censorship OF the press, and suppressed
opposition by main norce. A commission
was appointed TO draw up a constitution
and elections for delegates to a Congress were
ordered. The Congress met, accepted the con-
stltuti0n and declared FOnseca the first Presi-
dent OF the Republic OF Brazil. Now, having
been thus arbitrary, the government under the
new Congress removed all restrictions on
speech; besides the banished republicans
were allowed to return. At once IL began to
be openly and harshly criticised. In Congress
itself factions arose, opinions about the pr0yis-
ions Of the constitution differed and debates
grew long and hot. Fonseea, whose power had
been nearly absolute, found IL In danger Of cur
tallment. The exact cause OF his final rupture
| with Congress Is not yet known, but cable u
Portugal announced that Congress had taker
from the President the power OF veto. PrOba
bly, this stand taken by Congress was the caus
of bis dissclving that body. Under the Consti
tion he has no business 10 dissolve Congress
but he pleads, l see, as an excuse thai the re
| public Is In danger from royallsts' plots"