New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-06
q ahove y oted. This is more plainly shown by
q !. SauI .1ndum ON the Rnsslan IIkasen delivered

by ths'Duke on the 18th Of October TO Count
NssseEode Russias representative at Verona HE
Duke gas arguing against the Ukase of Alexander
as It effected British interests and his language
plainly shows that he confined himself TO the
northwest coast of America bordering on tI I'.
Pacific Ocean" To establish this II IS ohS
necessary to quote the following paragraph lIohi
The Dukes memorandum, VIZ:
How we can prove that the English Northwest 0o
EsSs established forts and other trading places IN
country called New Caledonia, situated TO tlc ,tn
al range Of mountains called the hocKy az UcSan
and extending along the shores of the P$cnc OScn
from latitude az degrees TO latitude % oes0o
The Duke of Wellington always went a iii' 10y
IN the point at ISSUE and he WAS ev1dehrS I nu'
concerning himself about any subJeco o'hor ,+b ~
the protection of the English TERRITORY SUI 80
the Alaskan peninsula ana on the nor iand owned
hnrderinp on the Pacific Ocean. Engianu i Tn
mo territory on the coast north oil tde nn Nor
neninsula and hence there was no .Ie'G in anv
connecting the coast above tn ne pc nnSress Evil
IDENTIFY the Duke did not, in the remolesC i,h the
connect the subject he was al seims Ssa
WATTS y. s9nidcant and important Oh all the
;nclosnres is no L. in which MI S'rI p elolu
ming, the British negotiator az Az 9i is25. 10
S9mmunlca'ea; unIt MINISTER Of Foreign Affairs, the
1nrt NJ the treaty between England anu nu'oi rc
Some of Mr.. Stratford Canhlns ponranh Of his
very important. In the Secono pSSmPP
49,, hs,S i bpa makes the following statement
inc Of demarcaton along the strip Of land on %
the northwest coast of America, $50 n your drec
After all then, it appears that the strip po pr
land TO which we have aiNauS Inolsh
than once. was reported oy 'H This clearly
nd rndeniably exhibits the field OF cen' SoJ M
between Russia and England, even II we on the
otneI p,9oi coast bordering on the Pacific Ocean,
and not in the Bchrng Sea at all ~ I ID U in
strip of land which the Inl'eo STATES "a degrees
me pies 70 degrees north latatude-the same
strip of land which gave to Brltlsn Aheii'"'
behind it. free access to the oceali a,ed in bis
Mr. Stratford Canning also coumu1HoaO'
letter of March /, the following: ,r 20
with respect to Behring'S straits, am napp iyovi
have it in my power TO asSe s0u; H that
Empery of Russia has intention Whatever OF of those
tanning any exclusive clam r 70 }I Of pf HEM
mis- assurance from the Emperor oil husS, .itb
of that kind where the power to elNt VI q. 80
hold is absolute. If the trea'N Oh sDc% ri,(h1s
1reat britain and Russia mad conCede1 SUI 80,
Uletv ID p Lsaii waters rs Lord Salisbury now
Claims. why was Sir Stmttord Canning 80 IBSPpE h
TO have i i'll his power TO SsSu, Of wv" Russian
Observation-Disclosures" that the Emperor liaa no iL
iention of maintaining an extensive cAlIh 80 t ,ho
NAVIGATION of the Eehrnq Straits' or vi .ho
nsoas tn the north of them" Tie seas TO the
somtb Of the straits were most significantly nov
included in the Imperial assurance ING EnsA EH
statesmen of that day had, as l nave UeioIt re-
marked attempted the abolition OF the kase OIL
Alexander only So far as IT anecteu tne co H.1
of the Pacific Ocean from the 'IsI 10 .nT t %UC
degree of north latitude. II was lett III iull olc
on the shores of the Behring sea lhere Is 10
proof whatever that the Russian Emperor an.
nuled it there. That sea, from from ,a erT,
10 south il is 1000 miles in extent. Inc wlor vi
this great body of water under the kase' We
left open the world, except SUPP OF lVV MI,
from the shore. But with these iVO ilies 'I
forced on all the coasts of the Behrlng sea IL
would be obviously impossible TO appToach a S'e
straits of Isehrng which were less than NIFTY
miles in extreme width. If enforced strlctly, the
Ikase would cut off all vessels from p1fsslIs
through the straits TO the Arctic ocean. IL; Lei, dS
Lord Salisbury claims, the Uliase had been WIN
drawn from the entire BebrinG coast as II was be-
tween the fifty-frst and slAteth degrees on ue
Pacific coast, what need Wouiu tIeIf h"r gon'nnl
for Mr.. Stratford Canning. the EngHsh pehiPo-
Tertiary TO seek a favor from Russia IN regard 10
passing through the straits into the Arcuc ocean
where scientific expeditions ana whdllhS Ness'IS
uef't need not review all the Enclosures; but am
sure that properly anayzed, they Will all SHOW
that the subjcct-matter touched Only the stt'e-
ment of the Dispute on Ihe h9IIM'S' Coan iot
the fiftv-rst To the siXteth degree OF nOTth lau-
tude In other words, they related to the con
FEST which was finally adjusted by the estapiisii-
ment of the line of "a degrees 40 minutes wmch
marked the boundary between Russian and Eng
sh territory at the time OF I'm, tne a diyjson be
tween Alaska and British Columbia But that
question in no way touched the Bchrlng sea II
was confined wholly 10 the fdclhC OCtaH al" WV
northwest coast.
Lord Salisbury has deemed 1t PROPER IN his
dispatch to call the attention Of the Government
of the United States 10 some elementary piih-
ciples of international law touching the freedom
of the seas. For our better INSTRUCTION ne gives
sundry extracts from Wheaton and Kent-onr most
eminent publicsts-and, for further Illustration,
quotes from the dispatches Of Secretaries seward
and Fish all maintaining the Well-kDown prln-
cjple that a nations jurisdiction over ttc sea i
limited to three marine miles from It's shore me
Commenting on these quotations. Ills hor"S'Ip
\ claim Of jurisdiction over the open which 4
E o., Law, 0r mage NAV 81 course be assere4
by force but cannot b. said 10 have any legal VALIDITY
As against the vessels Of any other countries, eXccp
in SO lar as is positively admitted FL conventions
agreements with those countries ....,.,
The nited States. having the most EXTENDED
sea-coast of all the nations Of the world, may h'
presumed 10 have paid serious atcntl"n 10 ni'
laws and UsageS which define ana HInit inaflVh,
jurisdiction. The course OF TINS NoNer!'Iheh'
has been uniformly in favor Of uphodlng the rccog
nized law Of nations on that subject: WINE
Lord Salisbury's admomtlons are received IN gooc
part By this Government we feel JUSTIFIED III asking
His LOrishp if the Government Of Great Brltdlr
has uniformly illustrated these preepts by eN
ample, or whether She has not established az ieas
one notable precedent which would JUSTIFY rs "
making greater demands upon Her Malestys Gov
eminent touching the Behring Sea tlmn ethel
our necessities our desires have ever suggested
following narrative
Napoleon Bonaparte fell INTO the power O
Great Britain on the 9TH day OF July, 1915
The disposition of the illustrous prisoner wat
primarily determined by treaty negotiated a
Paris on the I'd of the following August between
Great Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria Bl
that treaty the custody of Napoleon u specially
intrusted 10 the British Government" 1ht
choice of the place ~ of the measures whGl
reserved 10 His Britannia Majesty. In pursuance
of this power, Napoleon promptly sent by
Great Britain to the Island Of ST. Helena
prisoner for life. Six months after he reached
St Helena the British Parliament enacted spccia
and extraordinary law for the purpose of making
his detention more secure. IL altogether
kIo atnfa and thn Rrit,c u,
prnor of the Island of ST. Helena remarkable power
over the property and rights OF other nations Tit
statute contains eight long sections, and in The
fourth section assumes the power 10 exclude Ship
~ anv nationality, not only from landing on The
ISLAND but forbi1s them "to hover within eight
leagues of the coast Of the island TIE penalty
for boyering within eight leagues Of the coast i.
tbe forfeifnre of the ship to His Majesty the Kim
of @ reat Rritain on trial a. be had in Londnn