The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1891-12-25
BLOOMSBURY, PA, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 25, 1891

us. The cities of the State keep their
schools open ten months. Every child
in the State should have all the time
required for its fnll development. All
are to be citizens and all have an Unfit
ence on our government Every dis
trict may have nine months term in
the future, from the increased approp-
riations of the State, if they will but
say the word. The schools Of Penn'a
have the opportunities Of life time
this year and they should take proper
advantage of them.
Prof. A l.. f.. Crouter, principal
Penn'a Inst for the Deaf and Dumb,
neXtgave an interesting talk on how
the deaf and dumb are taught. The
results Of their training was illustrated
by pupil entirely deaf who could
answer any question even from strang-
crs, guided entirely by the movement
of the lips. There are two methods of
educating the deaf by signs and or
ally. By either method their educa.
ton is completed.
Supt. Walton addressed the Institute
on Literature Many of our child.
rem 60 out of the school without their
eyes and ears opened to the great
beauties of the world arou,d. They
80 out with a half starved taste tor
literature. Let us teach our boys to
read something Cultivate their tastes.
If we can in any way elevate their
tastes, we are doing q great thing for
our pupils. Fifty per cent. of our edu-
catien has to do with us when we are
off duty. Train our pupils 50 that
when they are off duty they will know
how to behave. so that they will have
elevated tastes to cultivate This is
done by training them to read good
prose and poetry, such as Whittier,
Longfellow, Hawthorn and others of
the same class.
THURSDAY MORNING.
Institute opened with devotional ex-
ercise conducted by Rev. Heilman, Of
the Lutheran church. DR.. Phillips
then addressed the Institute on "Arith-
metic." He took up the subject of
stocks and bonds and discussed the
topic in an interesting and practical
way. He showed very plainly what is
meant by the term stockholders and
stocks. How stocks are transferred.
Then explained what bonds are and
bondholders Stocks and bonds are
bought and sold by peysons known as
brokers. The brokers associate them
selves together in companies known as
stock exchanges. The largest associa-
tons Of this kind in this country and
perhaps in the world, is located in New
York city on Wall street. These as
sociations are devided into two classes
known as commission brokers and
room graders. The brokers, uncertain
terms, known as "bulr' and "bear,
''long' and short, puts" and calls, y
and dealing in margins" =" and "bucket
shops" These terms were each taken
up and explained to the teachers very
fully and in an interesting way. He
said that the business done by these
different styles OF brokers, very often
is nothing less than pure gambling.
He advised teachers to impress their
pupils with the necessity of steering
clear of such business as it is wrong
and dangerous in many cases.
Supt. Walton was the next speaker,
subject, Literature. He protested
against the way in which literature is
usually taught. Make your pupils fully
acquainted with one author before go
ing to another. Select some state OF
country that stands as literary center
and begin there. In studying litera
ture there is something more necessary
than mere analysis, they must be ablc
to enter into the feeling of the autho
and have some degree of appreciation
of the authors sentiments. Pupils mus
sit in patience and study an author, i
they would understand his meaning.
Mrs. Mary III. Hunt, of Boston, ad
dressed the Institute. Sixty per cent
of our children never go to any schoc
beyond the primary grade. Whoeve
will do the best for his country, will
work directly toward those sixty pc
cent. There is no force workin
against our government SO much as tn
effect of alcoholic drinks. 1t is one c
the great duties of the teachers Of tC
day to see that all pupils are thorough
educated in these effects, and thu
made good citizens.
LIST OF TEACHERS OF COLUMBIA co,
BEAVER.
Chas. Mensinger, c. NJ. Baker, ia
Platt, Jesse Fritz, Alex Lille, J.
John, b. V. Sutliff.
BENTON.
Jennie Sheep, Sadie Calender, AS
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