davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1891-10-08
The Causes of Fertility.

How little we all know of the ultimate
causes of vegetable growth and of the
essential conditions to vegetation may
be inferred from the discoveries recently
made with respect to a large number Of
plants, The HelIriegal experiments OF
the last fifteen years prove that the growth
of the legumes is but a poor, sickly af-
fair unless tubercles fasten upon the roots
of the plants, and that these are impossible
in sterilized earth, that is, in earth suffici,
emily heated to destroy microbjc life. TIC
the same affects are the experiments of M
Laurent. a French Investigator, who, is
reported, has practically demonstrated
that buckwheat grown on sterilized mold
produce only one-forth as much as that
grown In soil swarming with bacteria, and
that even this growth is due to microbes
fortuitously introduced after the soil has
been sterilIzed. A couple of years ago we
noted the fact that the results of using the
sewage Of Paris as fertilizer were at first
disappointing for the reason that it con.
tanned little or no valuable plant food.
Later an immense swarm of microbes were
developed which rendered it valuable,
and a study of the subject showed that
atmospheric conditions were essential to
GuC JUG SCi lCouitOb
in nitrifcation. The effort to utilize the
sewage of London disclosed a similar set
of facts, and the glimpses which they
afford of the processes by which plants
teed and grow, and of what really consti-
tutes the elements known under the gen
eral name OF fertility, indicate that the
problem is a mucn more complicated one
than is generally supposed. The practice
of irrigation brings confrmatory evidence
of this. Under it soils in which initial
fertility, as disclosed by analysis, if very
low become wonderfully fertile when
once the water is turned on. 1t is be-
cause the moisture is necessary for the
plant, merely, or does it serve an Interior
purpose still more important and funda-
mental in developing germs whose mis-.
siors and life history is the creation and
preparation of plant food? In the light
of discovered facts much of the solution OF
the problem of fertility lies outside of and
back of Liebig's laws.-Exchange.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1891-10-08
CRIME.

tending at toe time and was burned t,
death
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1891-10-08

The Rockford Star evinced the prophet
ic spirit the day young Rust was divorced
from the gay Miss Potter, when it rose to
remark. Rust will pursue his studies at
Harvard, while his ex-wife will retire
from public notice, probably only to he
written up by the press again, the next
time giving an account of her jumping
from the Brooklyn bridge or performing
some other Wild freak" The ink on the
prophecy was hardly dry before
the heroine of the secret mar
ricge had contracted another ALI
ance the announcement of which was
coupled with the confession that she had
been surreptitiously joined to the same
Jay more than one year ago. The Star
was in error when it anticipated that she
would drop into notoriety by leapine OFT
Brooklyn bridge. but it was not far amlss
Ia the expectation that she would soon
perform ''some other wild freak If the
public has now heard of this dizzy high
flyer for tie last time general anticipation
will be disappointed.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1891-10-08
ELECrRoCUTIoN IN NEW YORK
Detailed Report of the Last Attempt Made
Public.

ALBANY, N. Y, Oct. 2.-Austin
Lathrop, superintendent of the state pris-.
ons, today gave to the press report OF
the details attending the execution OF the
four murderers at Sing Sing July Z. The
report was first presented to Warden
Brown bv Chas. Mcdonald and Sam
B. Watt, who were the official physicians
in charge of the execution. After giving
in detail the manner of the * cutlon Of
each man the report concludes: - There
was absolutely nowhere any smoking
or charrirg or burning. From the exp
rience had in these four cases we are In
clined to believe that, while unconscious
ness was instantaneous and continuous
from The first moment of each
contact, yet in order to insure
that death supervene as speedily as posi-
bic, it is necessary to continue current
of the voltage employed in these cases fifty
and sixty seconds.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1891-10-08

Young mani have a poem here
Editor (after examining it," Well,
how does ten dollars strike ycn?'
/ expected"
Editor-"Well we can't publish such
poem as that for less than ten"
The morning call., 1891-09-05
At Grass Valley.

GRASS VALLEY, Sept. AT Glenbrook
Park this morning the ladies' tournament
took place. There were eight entries and
the first prize was awarded Miss Annie
Carey of Cherokee; second. Miss Belle
Hoffman of Nevada City; third. Miss Emma
Dedman of Magnolia district. Fully 1000
persons attended the races this afternoon,
which were the best of the week, and good
time was made. The running race, free
for-all, for a purse of $500 and entrance
money had the following entries: Nerva.
Wild Oats and Night Time 1t was hard
race from the start, the finishes being made
under whip and spur. Nerya won In
straight heats. Best time, 40.
The second event was tllree-quarters OF
a mile and repeat and was won by Joe
Harding over Gladette and Vinco in straight
heats. Harding sold way down in the pools,
Gladette being big favorite. The time of
the first heat was :16A, equal to the fastest
ever made Oh this track, which is now five
seconds slow. Gladette was right up at the
winners flank each time.
The three-Quarters of mile dash for sad.
die horses vas contested by Sir Thad, Hazel
and Annie Rooney. Hazel came under the
wire first but was set back second tor foul
ing Sir Tnad. Sir Thad was the favorite at
$40 to Sl5.
The mixed race closed the events of the
day. San Jose, Ava and Chloe, trotters,
and Wapple, PAGER, started. Chloe sold
favorite for the first heat ay SO to S5 for
San Jose and So for the field. Wapple won,
being hard pushed up the stretch by Chloe.
Time, 2:35. Wapple and Chloe fought hard
for the second heat, and both passed under
the wire on tie run, but as the other two
were distanced Chloe was given the heat,
winning by a neck in 2:33 The third heat
was won by Chloe over Wapple by less than
a head. Chloe was four lengths behind
Wapple at the hali-mile, but trotted prettily,
closed up and finally won. The fourth heat
was a repetition of the third. The fight up
the stretch was n magnificent contest.
Chloe took the heat in 2 :37, Wapple running
under the Wire
The morning call., 1891-09-05
DISTRICT FAIRS.
Ladies' Equestrian Tournament at WOOd-
land-RaGins at Grass Valley.

WOODLAND. Sept. 4.-The largest morn
ing attendance of the season witnessed the
ladies' tournament, in which four of Wood
lands fairest daughters participated. Each
proved herself an expert on horseback. The
prizes were awarded in the following order:
Miss Annie Deaner, Miss Alma Briggs,
Miss Blanche Griffin and Miss Lille Lyford.
The first race this afternoon was one
and an eighth mile dash, and was won by
Lyford; time. :591z. The second race was
trotting race for the 2:35 class, for purse
of $500. The entries were lockwood, Ke-
hoe Shylock and Ell Briggs, and was won
by Shylock in four heats; best time, :24R.
The third race, pacing race tor the 2:25
class. was contested by Keno, John l., Nor
ton, George NJ and st. Clair, and was won
by John l. in three straight heats. Best
time, 2:24
Tile judges have been busy all day award
ing prizes in the different agricultural de-
partments. On Saturday morning the
parade will be notable for the blue ribbons.
There is no falling off in the attendance,
either at the park or in the pavilion.
The morning call., 1891-09-05
THE TRAIN ROBBERS.
Large Reward Offered for Their
Capture,
Engineer NeG Tells How the Train Was
Held Up.
Pursslt by SherifS From Several Counties
Detective Len Harris Brought to Ala
meda-His Injuries Serious.
gpecial to THE MORNING CALI

LATHRoP, Sept. A. D. Neff. engineer
Of train 10, which was held up last night at
Ceres, passed through to-day on a leave oil
absence for San Francisco. He said;
"After the train had made stop at the
station, tall man climbed down of the
coal into the engine l thought it was the
brakeman and took no notice OF him. Fol-
lowing him came a short man. who COM
pelied Fireman Wallace to throw up his
hands. As l turned l was Instructed to
pull out quick, which 1 did. When we
stopped we were escorted to the express
car, where was instructed to knock and
demand admittance. No attention being
given, the short man compelled the fireman
TO bite of the end Of cigar and me to light
H. for the purpose Of lighting bomb,
which was placed on the door-sill. 1t ex-
plodcd, blowing away half of 1t, making
hole large enough for a man to crawl in
After an Intellectual attempt to explode an
other bomb, the fireman was thrust into the
ear to light the lamps. He lighted one, but
was compelled to leave the car by Messen-
ger Reed. The men in the car used splen-
did Judgment in not shooting us in our
helpless condition. During this time Har-
ris was shot l do not think his attack did
any good, put the robbers, finding that the
car would not be opened, concluded to de-
part. Before doing so, they said they were
out of powder but would bring enough
next time. Hesitating few moments, the
big man said to the smaller one Let's 90,
and they left. They did not put out the
headlight nor disturb the water in the
boiler. If Harris had had shotgun he
could have got one of the robbers. Only
two men were in the job"
The morning call., 1891-09-05
CAUGHT RED-HANDED.
uveniIe Burglars Surprised and Taken
Into Custody,

Juvenile Burglars Surprised and Taken
Into Custody.
Two bold burglars were caught red
handed in the store at As SteuaTt street at
1890 o'clock this morning by Sergeant
Helms and a squad of police from the South
Harbor station. The pair proved to be
James CannaVan and Linus Duffy, both Of
whom claimed to be 13 years of age, al
though Duffy looks older. The lads gained
an entrance to the store by climbing up on
the roof and then wrenchng bar from the
skylight. From the roof TO the floor Is
fully eighteen feet and this the boys said
they dropped, but the police think they
we're lowered down by some one on the out
side.
Once in the store, the boys took their time.
for while Duffy went to work on the safe,
his partner amused himself by fitting him.
self with a new hat and shoes, and seeing
what he could find in the way of jewelry in
the showcases. He found a couple Of
watches. one Of which was found in his
pocket when searched at the station.
The lads carried on their work very boldly
with the gas fully turned up, and this led to
their capture.
Thomas Finn of Morse's patrol happened
to look in the window, and saw the pair at
work.
He at once went to the South Harbor Sta
ton Tor assistance, ana, under tne olrecton
of Sergeant Helms, the building was sur
rounded. In spite of the fact that people
were walking to and fro in front OF the
store the boys continued to work like beav-
ers. Duffy succeeded in finding the COM
bination of the safe, when the lads became
aware that they were being watched and at
once quit and hid themselves in the store,
Canavan in one of the big drawers.
In the meantime the police had found a
ladder and succeeded in descending into
the store, and after a short search discov-
cred the desperate burglars, and they were
dragged forth. They were taken to the
station and charged with burglary.
The morning call., 1891-09-05
DIR. GEORGE HEwsToN.

DIR. George Hewston, the well-known
physician, died yesterday morning at his
residence. 1882 Sutter street, from Bright's
disease of the kidneys. He had been sick
for six months and sank perceptibly during
the past two days.
Dr. Hewston was born in Philadelphia,
SeDtember IL, 1926, and lived there until
1860, when he came to California. He was
a graduate of the University of Pennsyl-
vania. and was Demonstrator of Anatomy
in the Philadelphia College of Medicine for
a year. Soon after his arrival here he joined
the California Academy of Sciences and at
the time Of his death was its Second Vice
President. He was also Past Grand of
Apollo Lodge. No. 1913, |. .. o. F. He
took an active interest in politics and served
one term as member Of the Board Of
Supervisors. During his term Mayor Otis
died and he was called upon to temporarily
occupy the Executive chair.
The funeral will take place tomorrow
afternoon from the family residence. A
widow, two grown sons and daughter sur
yiYe the deceased,
The morning call., 1891-09-05

at is a curious thing" said a remote
"pext" in barber-shop, THAT men with
very long and heavy boards are usually
on it you'd make big money, taking men as
they come"
"a man who prefers his hair on his chin. I"
put in the nearest hair-cutter as he rubbed
in patent tonic, "is sure to be accommo-
dated by nature. There is better reason
for badness in men, however, and that is In
the head covering. You never saw bald
headed Indian, or native African. or China
man, or anybody else who goes bareheaded
habituaIly The aboriginals are never bald
headed and never run to whiskers. Women
go head uncovered and at all times are more
expos d to the air than men. | may be
merely coincidence, but think the growth
of beard detracts so much from the growth
of head of hair"
"Thank you," said the man who had just
had hair cut, ''you may shave me the
next time. e."-Pittsburg Dispatch.
The morning call., 1891-09-05
AT MERGED.

Two Tramps Il eld as Witnesses-The Com
munity Thoroughly Aroused.
MERGED. Sept. 4-Last nights train rob-
berry is still the topic of conversation. The
scene Of the robbery was visited by press
correspondent last night. 1t was found that
the dirt was torn up where one bomb ex-
ploded. and pieces of wood from the express
car are scattered around. The hole blown
In the car door was big enough for man to
crawl through, and the iron step was blown
clean off. At least fifty men with shotguns
and rifles are in the chase after the bandits,
but rs the robbers are thought now to have
numbered about seven, and probably sep
arated Immediately after the attempt, part
starting north and the balance south, 1t Will
be a hard matter TO detect them.
Detective Lawson, who was at the fight,
heard two gangs talking and heard one say,
"Are you all right Jimp' es, I'm all
right. john" was the answer. be could
not capture them, as they escaped In The
darkness. Three trampS who were beating
their way were arrested, and will be held as
Witnesses One, who gave his name as J.
L. Race, said he could Identity one ot the
robbers If he saw him. He described him
as q tall, light-compl plexiOned, broad-shOul-
deIed man So or 40 years old.
AN ARREST MADE.
At the scene of the robbery a card was
picked up bearing the name OF business
arm OF this place. The detectives took it
to the place, and the store-keeper identified
II and told the officers who he had given it
TO- Officers kept a lookout for the man
who received the card, and this evening he
came TO town footsore and weary. He was
questioned by the detectives and said he
had been in the mountains for the past week
and had walked from Mariposa, about
sixty miles, to-day, starting this morning at
S0clOck. He was arrested and lodged in
fall. II he does not prove his Mariposa
story. he viii be kept there to await devel
opments. The officers seem to think they
have the right man. but they will not talk
much
One theory advanced by some is that tile
robbers were haTVest-hands, working near
Modesto and conceived the plan to rob the
train as being an easier way to make money
than working sixteen hours day in the
harvest field.
Lateral 10:45 o'clock the man who
was arrested early in the evening turns out
to be a Swede named Charles Fleming, and
bis story of coming from Mariposa was
verified. He was released.
The morning call., 1891-09-05

Melical Examiner, and E. E. Leake, J. r.
Rossiter, j. II. Carey, c. j. Garvau. ID. j.
O'Leary, j. c. O'Connor, J. E. Kenney. j.
s. Morlissey and j. G. Rankin as Directors.
j. B. Thompson of Watsonville and Rev.
Father O'Neil of San Rafael were elected
Grand Directors by acrlamation. F. d.
Hoosen of Haywards was elected Grand
Outside Sentinel, and j. j. Murray of Wat
sonville Grand Inside Sentinel.
A grand ball was given in the rink to-
night in honor of the visiting institutes.
About 700 invitations were issued and most
of them were accepted. The rink was pro-
fusely decorated, and the Watsonville Band
furnished the music. The Committee of
Arrangements were: E. ii. Madden, T. j.
Horgan and r. ?. Quinn. The Floor Com
mittee were: j. F. Kane, John Shea, Dave
Ring, r. f. DriSc0ll and John Thump sou.
The Reception Committee consisted of:
Henry Shephv, r. Hetherington, j. Thomp-
son, +. j. McGrath. j. c. Driscoll, Eugene
Flynn, j. Is. Holohan, +. Siegman, Sid Gal
lagher and John Sullivan.
The programme for tomorrow Includes q
grand banquet in the evening at kennedy's
Hall. On Sunday the visiting DELEGATIONS
will drive to Camp GoOdall, bayside spot
five miles from Watsonville. Fresno.
Marysville and Los Angeles are the three
cities contendng for the next annual ses-
sion. The question will be decided to-mOr
row with the odds slightly in favor of Los
Angeles. Mr.. Fahey of Fresno is, however,
confident that the sweet wine metropolis
will carry off the laurels.
The morning call., 1891-09-05
NO NO Impurities in
Royal Baking Powder.

1t is the only baking powder yet found by chemical
analysis to be free from all impurities and absolutely
pure This perfect purity results from the exclusive
of of tartar specially refined and prepared
by patent processes which totally remove all the
of lime The cost of this chemically pure cream
of tartar is much greater than any other and it is
used in no baking powder except the Royal
DR.. Edward G. Love- formerly analytical chemist for the
u s. Government, who made the analyses for the New York
State Board of Health their investigation of baking pow
der says the purity and whoeomeness of the Royal:
al find the Royal Baking Powder composed of pure
and wholesome ingredients. 1t is cream of tartar
powder and does not contain either alum phosphate
or other injurious substance
(LaA U s. Govt Caemis) "E. G. LOVE, PHI D."
Pref Loues tests and the recent official tests BY the
United States and Canadian GoOerxnasnts sh0O the
Royal Baking PoaOasv to be superior to all others tn
strength and kavsning poaOsr
The morning call., 1891-09-05
OFFICERS ELECTED.
Third Day Session Of the Y.
NJ. |. Grand Council.
Adoption Of The Report Of tha Arbitration
Committee.
To-Day VIII Be Devoted 10 Pleasure aud
the Selection Of Meeting Place
for Next Year.
epecial to THE MORNING CALI

WATsoNvILLE, Sert 4.-The third days
session of the Grand Council. Y. NJ. L..
opened this morning in Masonic Hall. The
forenoon was entirely devoted to the con-
sideration of a number of amendments to
the Constitution, the majority of which
were voted down. Among those thus dis
posed of were the following: mo member
to be entitled to death benefits under six
months membership" refusing sick BEN
efits for the first week. "abolishing the Of
fee of Grand Medical Examiner" and
creating two funds-a Benefit and Man
agement Fund" The amendments ap-
proved were few and unimpOrtant
The report of the Arbitration Committee
was submitted and adopted.
During the morning session the report OF
Father Van Newell. Grand Lecturer of Brit
ish Columbia. was submitted. 1t indicated
The morning call., 1891-09-05

CITY AND COUNTY ALMoHOUSE-F-.
LIE COFFIN the City and County Almshouse,
September 8, 1891, Peter LIE GOf. native OF
France, aged 20 years. ..~,: -.
The morning call., 1891-09-05
Tho Boy wa, as Old a, the Hat.

A funny answer was received by Judge
McMath to a query put to a six-year-od
boy. whom he sought to entertain while
riding In street-car the other evening.
The judge was on his way home after a hot
day and wore his ''stovepips" hat on the
back Of his head. Beside him sat middle
aged gentleman with his six year-Old boy
The father Of the boy and the judge carried
on conversation, during which the boy
frequently peeped around his father, evi-
IDENTIFY attracted by something.
The judge at length tried to divert the
boy from those occasional little stares and
asked. "And how are you, my little boyf"
"Oh, I'm we'll" was the modest reply.
"Can you tell me your name?" The name
was given. How old are you?" The boy
slyly turned his eyes toward the judge and
remarked, about as old as that hat of
yours. s."-Cleveland PIaindealer.
The morning call., 1891-09-05
FOR UKIAH.
The Eighth Grand Excursion VIII Take
Place Admission Day.

The Eighth Grand Excursion VIII Take
Place Admission Day.
The eighth of the series of grand excur-
sions of the season between this city and
Ukiah will take place Wednesday, Septem-
Der 9th, under the care and supervision of
that amiable and experienced railroad Off
Nial, Colonel w. II. Mention, who will see
shat the excursionists are put in possession
of every comfort and convenience for which
that popular route has now become cele-
brated. TIE boat which connects with the
train will leave Tiburon ferry, foot Of
Market street, at Z o'clock in the morning,
and returning will leave Ukiah at o'clock
In the afternoon. The excursionists will
pass through some of the most beautiful
valleys in the State, and will have an op-
portunity of seeing some Of the most charm
ing villas and landscapes, and country
rich in the products Of present harvest,
with orchards loaded with their golden
fruit, vineyards purple with the grape, the
hop fields, waving corn, and everything
that can delight the eye. The trip Is de-
lightful one
The morning call., 1891-09-05

a flourishlng condition Of the order in that
province. Grand Lecturer Shea reported
great enthusiasm among the institutes in his
jurisdiction.
The Committee on Laws and Suspension
reported an optional plan of Insurance as
an amendment 10 the Cons stitution. After
discussion it was recommended to the COM
mittee with instructions to make certain
amendments.
A committee composed of Grand Presl-
dent Sullivan, Grand Secretary Stanley and
Grand Director Leake, reported resolutions
of respect TO the memory of the late Stephen
j. Mccormick, editor of The Monitor, and
B. &. Gillbrie. who died since the adjourn
ment Of the Sixth Grand Council. Eulogistic