davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
ITS THTRTY-FOURTH ANNUA

ITS THIRTY FOURTH ANNUAL COMMENCEAEN e
The thirty-fourth annual commencement OF tne
von Norman Institute Seventy -frstst. and west tnu-
ave was held last night at the Bloomhgdale heformeu
Chu,ch which was wel-flled with the alunnae anu
friends Of tho school, The following programme was
successfully given and much applause was bestowed
on the pupils 49, -,
Decalogue; hymn Scripture lesson, "The mercy Oh
C,odp: prayer, the Rev. DR.. Wilton Merle Slnllh ;
salutatio Miss Blanche Lane; part song, Madre S4S
Campapa: recitation, Bernardo del Carpo, FELICIA
Hcmans. Miss Blanche ]. Kidd vocal solo, Miss Amy
sidman; German essay, Die Deusche Sprache.' Miss
Charlotte Grmshaw essay, Glass Prohecy," Miss
Janet D. Love- anthem. Mercadante, (a) " BLESSED,
Bessedp C) IL Waited for Thy Salvation (c) Holy,
Holy, Holy arrangex for the class by Nine. Calyo'
French essay, "Les Deux Republiques Soeurs," Miss
Adele Stallman: vocal duet, "VleniVleni," Pinsut,
the Misses Sdman and Arnott; English essay, "Step
ping Stones Miss Blanche Lane; finale from Err
nanin Verdi Miss Arnott and chorus; valedietory,
Miss Blanche ]. Kidd.
An address was made by the Rev. John Balloon
Shaw and the principal Madame Van Norman, pre-
sented diplomas 10 the following members OF the
graduating class Miss Charlotte Gnmshaw, Miss
Blanche J. Kidd. Miss Blanche Lane Miss Janet D.
Love and Miss Adele stallman. Tho proceedings were
brought to close by singing parting hymn written
for the occasion by the Rev. Dr. r. o. Flagg the
music for which was composed by Madame CalyO. A
reception followed for the friends of the graduating
class, at the institute building.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
TROUBLES or BUSINESS MEN.

Three judgments, aggregating S3,497, were yester
day entered against August Weymann, surviving
partner Of the firm Of Weymann Bros, botters OF
erxi waters at No. sos East Fifteenthst. and
s&fsns Phlpna Weymann, as administrator Of the es
t=1e c. Joseph Weymann, who died in September last
Deputy Sheriff Muvsny has received an attachment
for 81 1888 against the North River Lumber Company, In
West Onehundred and thirtieth-st, in favor OF the
Tunis Lumber Company Of Baltimore, which was
granted by Judge BischoG of the Court Of Common
Pleas.
Crotty Ryan, plumbers, formerly al No. 041
sixthaye have been placed In the hands Of receiver
Arthur II. Cameron, in supplementary proceedings on
the application OF the Delamater Iron Works
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
CONSIDERING scHoo1,TE4cBERs clsrs

The Committee on Teachers OF the Board Of Educa-
ton held meeting yesterday afternoon. The nomi
nation OF a principal for the school in the Nine
teenth Ward again considered by the committee
The decision in this case IS difficult the trustees OF
the ward, who have the power Of appointment, have
presented two reports. The majority report recon-
mends Miss Cooper for the place, while the minority
report recommends Miss Hoyt. The Board Of Educa
ton may decide tho matter to-day.
The case OF Miss Fiske, who recently charged
by the trustees of her school with making false entries
the time rolls OF her assistant teachers was also
subject Of debate yesterday. In all probability final
report will be presented to the Board to day
The Committee Finance met Yesterday No i'm
pOrtant business, however, was transacted
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
COURT CALENDARS FOR TO-DAY.

Supreme COurt-Gencial Ierm--l,etore Van Brun r. j..
s.lf5 g. s0d 81 f't s. g o. % $50 ~
0Dsa Hp e 10 20 0a
{ 94 80 49, NS ts .' 81 H. g. :
's lsS 1S Ss e. fSs SSs 1922 9Fs
sa 2s 1870 sn 155 asd 49, ss s so s.
slSi yp sIio sles $50 s$is Psi IAN isos 9ss.
''s sap TSs GtSs ScS Up S'S t
i Ss 1s @ ?SS 3sls ?sS s5 s s
'0 sscS S 81 2t sS2 sss ffe ss9 9 FfS
Mo- S4ts 300 2s5e So22 Sl6 SSl4 AGO. 2s56 5&.
SG2S ~. 2o 1872 s63 s ss s ana 81 ts
sap :as SS spsi Isl% ar M 1nsAsm
Case on No S2 9Briep vs. 1 Maya %e McAa.m
Dugg6 aud GderseSve j-NO' 10, IS, H. 49, 20 49, 20
20 mo i; 1oupTiia Tern-part IEefoe sedgwick
JSOs 2oot il5 a3s 2lS7 o2i' lS'l 2iS' 9S0 49,
0| srp D tourtHrTial Term-Parts IL and Iu-Ad
surOsates CO1rt-Bcfore Ransom, $40 day calendar
NC Common SnH fieas-SpeciaI Term-refOro B'ehOr j.
Common peas-Equity Temi,efore Allen, J-caIcn'
1' common Pleas-Trla rer-als Inef0Ie soSks'ayer
Ia ESQ oS ss2 ss ss 20 Ss6 SiS H. 81
'7 S1S 90 e e. ifis smpo 1tetOe Pryor.
Causes TO be sent from Part l for trial -, -.
Common PlsasTral Terln-Part lII-causes to be sent
ron %isy F1!s @ MssoT q, 54'Gp.
Nos 4 80, 2s2O, 1892 $500 252s, 263S' S25l' 0So
5 e., 5sar s0s lst fsrS sIst s2fY f9
Nos $s2s 2oS 1893 , slSo so $50 i2s s5 ISL
ssi y siSs El?S S'S eSpa lS Gq t sc
sOsS 2 $aS s7g s7oS Ss $50 $ SS $50 81 N
Ss4S SS4S. ssi6 $3.50, 8s5i. Ss52. 1858, 1886 Ssj7
sos SsGS1 S8TP TTeimrs Iv-Beore Var wyek
Nos 1885,, 1897, 1868. S2os, 1870 S2n' S@'2 S-'''
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
rs THE DUCHESS OF MARLBOROUGH BRITISH

The question of the ability OF the Duchess OF MARI
borough to act under the will OF her husband
Louis c. Hamersley, brought up before Surrogate
Ransom again yesterday. George e. Dewitt, on behalf
of the coexecutors under the will had presented the
question the Surrogate whether the Duchess had not
become British subject by marrying the Duke and
thereby DISQUALIFIED to act trustee Robert Sewcll
appeared the Duchess and raised the point that the
Surrogate could not decide that she could not act
trustee unless some one objected TO her acting such
lie wanted the counsel for the coexecutors to make
such an objection II they wished the surrogate 10 act
in the matter The other executors evidently did not
WISH To make such an objection and the decree making
the Duchess one Of the trustees Will be probably signed
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
THE PRIEST ERRED, BUT He WAS HONEST

The Rev. Peter Farrell, Of fremont, was appointed
administrator OF the small estate Of Ann Burns who
died In 1881. lie also appointed guardian OF her
four children. Recently Charles H. Beckett was ap-
pointed to look after the interests OF Of the children
and he brought proceeding 10 compel Father Farrell
10 account Farrell then voluntarily resigned ad-
minstrator aud his letters of administration re
voked His accounts were fled and disputed by the
counsel for the children. referee was appointed
whose report has now been Hled In the Surrogate
Court The referee taxes the costs upon Farrell and
recommends that the administrator shall not receive
any fees Yesterday motion was made TO confirm the
referees report 1t urged behalf of Farrell
that lie honest but that he was not good busl.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03

The jury in the Court Of Common Pleas before Judge
Bookstaver Yesterday brought in verdict for the de-
sendant in the suit Of Flora HiFschberg against the
Houston West street and Pavona Ferry Railroad Com
pany She alleged that she received injuries while
getting off one Of the companys cars and she sued for
as 900 AT the first trial few weeks ago, the plaintiff
became Temporarily insane while on the witness stand
After ner cross examination Monday she Ialnted
Her counsel declared that her mental trouble was tho
result of the injuries she received from the fal Ihs
jury brought in sealed verdict on Monday hsht "Aea
was opened yesterday morning.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
AMBITIOUS PUPILS OF THE CITY SCHOOLS,

The number of candidates for admission 10 the Nor
nal College according to superintendent Jasper, is
this year greater than In any previous year. They
number 1,245. The examinations Will not be ended
until Saturday, when the names of the successful
candidates viii be known. 1t is not believed however
that all of the successful candidates will enter the col
lego as students II is the desire OF almost all the
graduates Of the grammar schools TO try to pass tie
entrance examinations, IN order to that they had
done so. only small percentage become students.
The number OF boys DESTROYS Of entering the College of
the City Of New York this IS also unusually large.
About 600 have applied for admission.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
WISHING SUCCESS TO THE NEW Law SCHOOL.

The announcement that Professors Chase and Petty
and Dr. Alfred G.. Reeves, OF Columbia College, con-
tcmplated founding new law school in this city
was not received with dispeasure by the ofieers ."
Columbia yesterday. On the contrary. the members
Of the faculty and the officers Of the older institution
seemed to look upon the proposed enterprise via
favor.
Il think said one Of the officers. A" that 1t Is
laudable thing The men who are at the head OF th'
scheme have severed their connection with the uhi'
versity They will be private citizens after July l. %
far as this university is concerned, and 1t Is Only
natural that they wish to do something for themselves
in the lines along which they have been WORKING IL
will be good business enterprise
The proposed school continued the officer, cal.
not and will not interfere with school i 70 -
established expressly for who cannot come he.e
IN the mornings and who Obliged To work III tno
offices during the day. The who will attend tns
downtown school would not attend Columbia CoIvs'
In any We have decided to change our hpu
already announced The members OF the muui,
class protested against the change. Their petuoh W
not granted however, and the matter has ended e10'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
NrW srFtvsBTp IN PORT.

The new steamship Didam, OF the Netherlands Amer
lean line arrived here yesterday after trip OF t~e'o
days from Rotterdam. The Didan built expressly
for this Nne expected 20 make the trip between
Rotterdam and this port In ten days. She is 400"
register 32s feet long, 40 feet BEAM and 20 FEET
depth OF hold. On her trial trip she made fourteen
cabin accommodations ~ all the upper deck she
Will run between Rotterdam and this port for this sea-
son only and then win ply between Holland ana
Ruenos Ayres The Didam had rough weather coming
over when in the Grand Banks she sighted iceberg
800 feet long and 100 feet high
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
sHOPKEEPERS MAY REST EASIER NOW

Recorder smyth, in General Sessions. yesterday sem
fenced Joseph shanahan TO sixteen years mprisOn-
mcnt for aiding In robbing Mrs. Pauline Glatz. who
owns barroom at No. 170 West Twefthst. shana-
han and two oonfederatcs entered the place April
a. and shanahan said that he wanted 10 examine the
water pipes. The woman accompanied him 10 the
sidewalk and his confederates stole $500 from the cash
drawer. 1t IS said that the men have robbed several
shopkeepers by the same trick.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
SUMMING UP IN THE EDISON CASE.

Frederic II. Belts yesterday finished his argument
before Judge Wallace in the United states Circuit Court
for the defendants the suit of the Edison Electric
Light Company against the United States Electric Light
ing Company for an alleged infringement of patent s
dwet chiefly on the legal value of anticipation OF IN
ventions Edmund Wetmoe then closed for the DO
PENDANTS spending most Of his time in examining tna
language OF the patent in litigation. Grosvenor T.
Lowrey will close Tor the complanants to-day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
THE NoYEs.RocKwELL CASE.

Albany June (specisD,-The Republicans OF the
XXYlIIth Congress District have succeeded In their
effort to have votes cast for Congress
man in Emira City the last general election The
Court Of Appeals to-day IN the action OF the people ex rel
Henry T. Noyes the Board OF CanYasses OF Chenung
County affirmed order OF the General Term directing
mandamus TO issue for the reconvenng OF said Board and
the correction by them Of certain in their count
upon the cast for member Of Congress az the election
referred
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
DISSATISFIED CUSTOMS BROKERS.

The brokers who have been kept out of the Ap-
praisers Stores by the orders Of Collector Erhsrdt,
Deputy Collector Burr and Appraiser Cooper max
ing desperate efforts TO get in again. They held a
meeting on Monday and appointed committee consist
ing OF Messrs Newbery. wichham and McCarty, TO 90
before the officials and endeavOr the
ton of the order shutting off their passes. The com
mttee went before Appraiser Cooper, Deputy Collector
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
TIE ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR

The Grand Chapter Order Of Eastern star Of the
State Of New-York by courtesy Of the Masonic fra
ternity also held its annual meeting in the Masonic
Temple yesterday. Grand Master Rachel L. stiefel
presided, with Christine Buttrick as secretary. The
annual report of the matrons showed that there were
67o limitations last year, and that the total mmber
ship was 2,573. Officers will be elected to-day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
TRANSATLANTIC TRAVELLERS.

Among the passengers sailing for Europe yesterday
on the North German Lloyd steamship Lain for Bremen
aud southampton state senators Hendricks and
Chase Judge John A. Dunkel, Gottired Kruger and
family, Dr.. F. Mahla Robert Wingate and Mrs. g. ".
Armory. Among the passengers that arrived on the
Anchor Line steamer Furnessa from Glasgow, were the
Rev j. c. Heay, DR.. sinclair Black, John Bain Judge
j. Mclaughlin and DT. George stanton.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
IN A HURRY FOR THEIR SALVAGE.

John Murray and jeremiah Reid, owners Of the steam
tug Henry A Peck began suit for salvage yesterday
in the United District Court against the bdrken
tine John swan, valued at $4,000 The service for
which the salvage demanded was given less than
dozen hours before the fling Of the paper. On Monday
at midnight the tug towed the swan from North sixth
ST. Brooklyn where the Palmer cooper shops were oa
fire, and thus saved her from being destroyed
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
NOT ENOUGH EVIDENCE FOR DIVORCE.

Judge Lawrence, in the Supreme Court, yesterday,
refused to annul the marriage Of Katharine Rose TO
Achilles Rose. Achilles the plaintiff, and 10
alleged that Mrs. Rose had a husband, William A.
Mccall, living when he married her. Judge Lawrence
wanted to know where Mccall was, and the plaintiff
could not tell he had never seen him. Judge Law
renee refused annul the marriage unless stronger
evidence of McCaus existence were produced. Nc
Ca Is supposed 10 have been killed ia railroad acd-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE on FINANCE.

THE SENITE sUBUOMMlIILE ON TIV1-'"0
Tho Senate subcommittee Finance resumed us
,norx into the difference In the Of articles under
the new tariff. as compared with the old law. Only
two members, Senators Hhcock and Carlisle, were
prcsent Carroll d. Wright. labor Commissioner:
Colonel Grosvenor and Mr. Wells. the famous free
trader. were on hand TO assist the committee. AS
already announced the committee is taking the con
sinners only into consideration. The List already
prepared includes 900 articles, used by people in
moderate circumstances.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
onJpcrrNG TO THE EXECUTORS FEES.

A question was raised before the Surrogate yesers
day as to how much the fees of the executors OF tie
estate OF Harvey Kennedy. the Wall street broker.
should be. Kennedy died in 1889 and left an estate
valued at about 100000 Three executors were named
in the will and two Of them acted When the estate
nearly settled up of the executors died. r. NJ.
Kennedy nephew, was substituted in his place.
f. r. Schell. for the executors. claimed full commits
sons for each Of the executors, amounting In all 70
S1SO,OOO. Objections were made on the part OF ths
legatees. Decision reserved
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
IT WAS ONLY MILK, EIGHTEEN CANS FULL.

newspaper delivery wagon ran into a milk wagon
driven by John Jooss In the Bowery at Firstst. at
3 a. NJ, yesterday, and wheel Of the milk wagon
was taken off. Jooss fell % the pavement and his
head was cut severely. Eighteen OF milk also
fell out of the wagon and the milk spilled. The
delivery wagon escaped damage and on It's rapid
uaV
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03

Burr and Collector Erhardt in turn but GD'aIn Wash
;nSton and a consultation with the Secretary OF me
Treasury since the brorrs have been keP, 0Hu "
The Apnraisers stores and away from the eAs'uci''
tbe work there has been materially accelerated
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-03
THE uJRy SIDED WITH THE WOMAN.

ness man. Decision was reserved upon the motion 70
confirm the report.
The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1891-06-24
serious rrouble Threatened.

Los ANGELES, June 22.-The assistant
adjutant general today received the fol-
lowing dispatch from Lieutenant Brett.
commanding the detachment in Kearn 4
canyon, Arizona, dated Arieba Village
"Came to Areiba to arrest several
Areibas who had destroyed surveyors
marks and threatened 10 destroy the
schools. When we entered the village
we were confronted by about fifty hos
tiles, armed and stationed behind bar
ricade. They openly dec.Ired hostility
to the government and Sight was barely
averted. A strong force should be sent
here with Hotchkiss guns, as anticipate
serious trouble if the hostiles are not
summarily dealt with.
The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1891-06-24
Agents Not Arbitrators.

WASHINGTON, June 22.-The depart
ment of state has been notified of the
appointment by the British government
of Sir George Baden Powell and Mr..
Dawson as agents to visit Alaska and
collect information respecting the seal
fisheries. The statement coming from
London that these men had been ap-
pointed arbiters is erroneous. The nego-
tiations looking to the arbitration of the
claims made by the United States, has
not yet progressed to point that would
permit the appointment of arbiters, and
in fact the nature of the arbitration itself
has not yet been agreed upon. 1t may
be that Powell and Dawson will here
after serve as representatives of the Brit
ish government upon the expert commits
sion, which the two nations are bound
to send to Alaska, but it is altogether
improbable that they will be appointed
;arbiters, as their previous duties might
be supposed to unfit them to act judici-
ally in the matter where they formerly
acted as partisan experts.
The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1891-06-24
THE IOWA DEMOCRATS.
They Hold Convention and Declare
Against Prohibition and Hedge on
the Silver Question.
A Terrible Wind and Rain Storm in
llliuois---Parnell to Wed Kitty
A Monument to Beecher.

OTTUMwA, Iowa, June 24.-The demo-
cratic state convention assembled here
this morning at 10 o'clock. The coming
campaign will be decisive because it is
conceded by both political parties that
as Iowa goes in the next election so it
will probably go in the presidential
election of 1882.
Walter H. Butler, was chosen temper
airy chairman and made an eloquent ad-
dress in which he eulogized Governor
Boies. He said the work of the demo-
cratic party in Iowa will not be
fully done until the prohibition farce is
swept from the code.
The platform leads off by endorsing
Governor Boies and his administration
The prohibition plank platform OF
1890 is re-affirmed, and the party pledg-
ed to legislative enacment of the Austria
liam ballot or ballot reform system. The
Mckinley tariff law is denounced and
the principle Of tariff for revenue only
re-endorsed.
Upon the silver question there was a
long dispute, but the committee finally
decided to recede from the platform of a
year ago and merely favor free coinage
of silver upon just relation, making ii
full legal tender for all debts public
and private.
w. H. Puzy of Council Bluffs, was
selected as permanent chairman.
The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1891-06-24
SOCIETIES.

A SSEMBLY NO. 1927, X. OF L.-Meets in K.
n of P. hall on first and third Sundays at
o'clock p. m.
WAsCo LODGE, NO. Is, A. F. Il A. M.-Meets
w first and third Monday of each month at
P. M.
DALLEs ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER NO. g.
~ Meets in Masonic Hall the third Wednesday
of each month at P. NJ.
MODERN wOODMEN OF THE WORLD
Nl Mt Hood Camp No. SO, Meets Tuesday even
ing of each week in l. o. o. F. Hall, at 7:3o P. M.
COLUMBIA LODGE, NO. 5, 1. o. o. F.-Meets
~ every Friday evening at 1880 O'Clock, in Odd
Fellows hall, Second street, between Federal and
Washington. Sojourning brothers are welcome.
II. A. BILLS, Secy R. 6. CLosTER, n. &.
FRIENDSHIP LODGE, NO. g., K; of P;-Meets
II every Monday evening at 7:30 O'Clock, in
schanno's building, corner of Court and Second
streets. Sojourning members are cordially in
vited. GEO. T. THOMPSON,
d. w. VAUsE, Sec'y. c. C.
UIOMEN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE
w UNION will meet every Friday afternoon
at o'clock at the reading room. All are invited.
TNEMPLE LODGE NO. 8, A. o. U. W.-Meets
i at K. of p. Hall, Corner Second and Court
Streets, Thursday evenings at 7:30.
w. 8. MYERS, Financier. VI. w.
The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1891-06-24
An Interview with wakely.

New YORK, June 22.-Jim Wakely,
who was asked last night if he had re-
ceived any word from John L. Sullivan,
said that he had not, but expected that
the reason was because the big fellow
had left Santa Cruz, the place where
his message was sent. He said:
g was trifle angry when sent the
dispatch to Sullivan, but we want pos
tive understanding. Sullivan can whip
Slavin to dead moral certainty. and it
has come to stage now when he must
fight him or go back on his word. 1 am
so confident that John is willing to fight
Slavin that l will bet $1,000 to $40 on it.
] know Sullivan's courage too we'll to be-
lieve that such a thing as funking out of
a match at any stage of the game ever
entered his head. Now that Slavin has
sailed, l suppose we will have to wait
until September to make the match, but
that is time enough.
The Dalles daily chronicle. [volume] (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948, 1891-06-24
The ioneer Papers of Oregon.
East Portland Express.

/ Allusions to the Oregon City Enterprise
in Saturdays Eapress caused some COM
ment as to what was the first paper
printed on this coast. A gentleman i'll
Washington county claims that the first
was Father Griffin's Unionist. Refer
ence to the files establish the fact that
the Unionist was not started until 1S4S.
The Oregon City Spectator came to light
February 9Th, 1916.
The Spectator lived several years. The
Unionist lasted but few months. Mr..
Griffin has the complete file of his paper
at his home, near Hillsboro, and the old
Franklin press upon which it was
printed, and the last page of the last
form, just as the printer left it, for the
gold mine excitement in California, are
in the keeping of the state, at Salem.
The Oregonidn will celebrate its forti-
eth anniversary this year, by moving
into one of the finest buildings on the
coast.