davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27
DEw-PoISTIS NORTH TEXAS

In a recent teachers examination the f0l
lowing questions we're set: i. Has this
section Of Texas high or a low dewpointi
2. What does this indicate as to climate
As no answers to these questions cal be
found in the text-b books i'll general use, you
will confer 4 favor on 4 number Of teachers
by answering them through TIE GAZETTE.
Fort Worth, Tex. II.
II we understand you correctly we m2y
state that this section Of Texas has com
paratively high w-point-Inuch higher
than that OF the more humid regions near
the sea. The explanation is easy. Dew, as
YOU well know, is the result of a variation
in temperature as existing in the atmos
phere and the earth. When the earth be
comes colder than the atmosphere imIae-
diately in contact, with it, moisture is con-
densed from the atmosphere 10 lie upon the
earth as dew. A picture Of ice-water clear
~ illustrates the thing; it condenses mois-
ture from the warmer atmosphere in COL
tact with it until its exterior is covered
with water. In common vernacUlar we say
1.-The pitcher is sweaty," but not so-it j.
simply collecting dew from the air. Nov,
the atmosphere rolling off the sea and more
or less charged with moisture cannot 90
otherwise than have lower temperature
than would atmosphere rolling over an in
terror region and carrying less moisture. Ia
order to bring about condensation from that
colder atmosphere it would be necessary to
have colder earth to break the equilibrium
than would be needed under the warmer
atmosphere, hence the colder the atmos-
phere the lower the earth dew-point.
The temperature of the atmosphere com
ing from the sea is invariably lower in
regions where it first strikes the land than
is an interior atmosphere, particularly a5
night, when not influenced by the sun.
There are two reasons for this: First-Ths
sea having q temperature lower than tho
summer air, cools the air in immediate con-
tact with it well down towards its own
temperature. Second-Atmosphere imme-
diately from the sea is more or less charged
with water. and water invariably maintains
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27
THE WIFE IN FARM PROFITS.

1t is stated by the Baltimore Suns agri-
cultural editor that the farmers wife cuts
a far more important figure, so far as re-
lates to farm profits, than is generally sup
posed. For instance, though the farmer
may get his rightful share of the usual
profits by working properly and planning
properly, and properly understanding all
matters connected with marketing, yet If
the housewife does not supplement his
efforts with close attention to her depart
ments, there cannot be otherwise than an
important shortage in consequence. The
writer had in his minds eye farmer who
invariably received cents above the mar
ket price for his butter, from the fact that
his city customers found that the quality
was the same throughout the year, and as
good as any to be found in market. Now
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27

this extra . cents was all clear profit, for
the butter could have been sold at prevail
ing prices, and that extra profit was the re-
suit of extra and intelligent care on the part
of the farmers wife, who presided over the
butter making. OF course this was but one
item-doubtless her extra and intelligent
care told in the same direction in many adj
ditional items.
Our cotemporary says he can call to mind
many very similar cases. To give an idea
of them he says Mr.. A and Mr.. B and Mr..
C bring butter to town that always sells at
sight. The butter has reputation for
cleanliness and excellence. There is moth
ing extra about the gentlemen bringing it
in. neither IS there about their cows, but
Mrs. A or Mrs. B or Ms. C made the but
ter and handled it well, and that's what
makes it go of so readily. The ladies'
have given it deserved reputation that in
variably finds it customers.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27

elongates downwards. Should the flower
be even several inches above the ground.
the elongation will go on till the ground is
reached and entered. An inch or so be-
meath the surface the small tubercle, which
IS 10 be the future seed pod, expands to the
proper size and shape for the perfect fruit.
II needs no help from any one. Any at
tempt at help would ruin it.
The crop runs well through the season,
and hence need not be harvested till late.
The dee,' tap roots keep the plants green
even through long periods of severe drouth.
When you are ready for harvesting bar of
the rows with a turn plow, running pretty
well down, and have hard follow with a
pronged hoe or potato digger, striking
down at the side of the hill and pulling it
over into one of the burrows. Another hand
follows, lifting the vines, shaking out the
dirt and throwing them into small punches
or mows. Some gatherers dispense with
the hoe entirely, merely grasping the vines
at each hill and pulling them up after the
plow. This plan necessarily pulls off and
leaves more peas in the ground than the
other, especially if the surface happens to
be a little packed. We'd always prefer
using the hoe, for we think it invariably
pays well to do so.
The next operation is to haul in the vines
and scaffold them to dry. The scaffolds
may be arranged in barn or other build
ing, or even under shed, if protected at
the sides from dashing rains. The vines
may be piled loosely about two feet thick
on the scafold, and scaffelds may be pro-
vided one above the other SO that d building
can be made to hold a large quantity of
vines. When thoroughly dry the peas are
picked by hand and sacked for market
This work is usually performed by women
and children Qow-priced labor or at odd
spells. There is 10 need of hurry about it,
as the peas will keep as well on the vines
as anywhere else.
The vines will prove an excellent hay
that all kinds of stock viii much relish
The leaves being thick will hot crumble off
like leaves of the field pea-they will han
die without crumbling about as well as do
the leaves of red clover.
1t would be impossible to harvest pea
nuts 20 closely as 10 leave none in the
ground, but hogs will come in all right for
tine leavings. They will find every peanut
left, and what they get will do them about
as much good, bushel for bushel, as would
so much corn.
There are several varieties Of the peanut,
but we wouldn't know what variety to rec
ommend as best to plant unless we knew
exactly what market the product was to be
placed upon. Some varieties are most pop
ular on some markets and others are most
popular on other markets. Any large
growing variety will sell well. As rule
the whittier the variety the better the nuts
take, though there are some markets which
prefer large reddish variety known as the
Carolina reds. If we were planting pea
nuts expressly for hog pasturage we'd
plant q small variety called the Spanish
peanut. It is harder and more prolific
than any other variety, but its nuts are too
small for advantageous sale on any market.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27
NEW USE FOR OLD TIN CANS.

A CORES pondent of the Farmers Herald
says he gathers up the old tin cans on the
dumping grounds and at other places about
town, and makes good use of them in his
gardening operations. Pint and quart cans
such as have held fruits, vegetables, fish,
oysters, yeast powders, and SO on, are the
kinds he collects. First he throws them
into fire built out of doors for the purpose,
this melts of the solder, which lets the bot
toms drop off and causes them TO open at
the side seam. He then ties a bit of cotton
twine around one end TO hold the can to-
gether, after whictPhe sets 1t IN his cold
frame or hot bed, fills 1t with good garden
soil, and into each can sets j small tomato
or other plant intended for the garden.
When this has grown sufficient he lifts the
can out containing it, places it in position
in the garden, packs the soil around the
can, waters thoroughly inside and out. and
leaves undisturbed for two or three days,
The plant goes on growing the same as if
it had not been moved. At the end of the
time named ne clips of the Irvine, spreads
the can a little, and lifts it out,
leaving the plant undisturbed.
Neither whiting nor check of
growth results, which enables him TO gain
no little on the time of the plants matu-
rity, compared to what would happen had
1t been transplanted on the old plan.
The gentleman also finds these cans use
full in fencing of cutworms from plants. He
opens the can and sinks it around the plant,
leaving two or three inches of the edge
standing above ground. When the plant
has grown beyond danger from cutworms,
the can is opened and taken away. No cut
worm will climb over the can to get at the
plant
We have ourself often used circles of tin
for fencing off cutworms on the plan pro-
posed, and found it splendid success.
Unless the worm happens to be inside the
inclosure when it is put down, which sell
dom happens, the plant will be entirely
safe for it will never climb over. Smaller
cans than the sizes named could be used for
fencing off cutworms.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27

capacity with few additional appliances.
There was nothing complicated about it,
very little if any more so than the ordinary
arrangement of the piney woods for distill-
ing turpentine.
While flowers were what the company
specially wanted to buy, they were also do
ing heavy work in the leaves of certain
wild plants. Of these we have immense
quantities on our great prairies Of Texas.
There are certain Eints here qualified TO
make a delightful perfumery of that par
ticular character, growing so thickly on our
wide prairies that tons upon tons Of them
might be cut for the factory with an ordi-
nary moving machine.
Mr.. Painter saw a run" made by the
plant. II was as simple as run of whisky
or turpentine. The plants or flowers We're
placed in the still, with water and fire
kept mp underneath in the usual way of
distilling. There was about three hours Of
gradual boiling, after which steam was let
through the "worm" in q condensing tank,
and finally the distilled oil passed out into a
receptacle to be run into suitable bond for
containing it.
The atmosphere of the building was per-
vaded with delightful perfume; and more
than a week after his visit the circular,
which he brought away was so saturated
with it that the children, upon putting it to
their noses, cried out. oh! ice cream! ice
cream,;'
When this plant was first established at
Island Grove the people shook their heads
and had their doubts about it. But it has
conquered-the cash coming out promptly
for everything that could be bought in the
way Of materials, soon had marvellous
effect on public opinion. And now all the
country folks are planning TO go in and win.
Nearly everybody in the neighborhood is on
the get up and get, Eli making arrange
ments to plant tuberoses and rose geraniums
and all sorts of sweet things, and very hand
some profits are counted on.
OF course new enterprise, like this,
always has many difficulties TO contend
against at the start, ami this one has had
special troubles in that direction on account
of the unusual late frosts, says MIR. Painter,
yet, after all this, it could be safely counted
upon for very fair profits. The distilling of
perfumery is most decidedly profitable
business. We mention this matter of late
frosts merely to show that the perfumery
industry of Florida is not located below the
frost line" wherever that may be. If
Florida can make perfumery manufactur-
ing profitable, to say that Texas, with her
superior soils and, in most cases. equally as
favorable climate, and with her grand array
of rich indigenous perfume-carrying plants,
could not do as much, would be to simply
talk nonsense.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27
SUGAR FROM SORGHUM.

Several articles Of yours appearing in
the Fort Worth GAZETTE have been in
strong advocacy of tropical sugar-cane as a
great sugar crop for Texas, but as yet I
have seen nothing. from you boosting
Chinese sugar-cane in the same direction.
Why not urge the cultivation Of Chinese
sugar-cane instead of tropical sugar-cane
as a sugar cropl 1t costs less to grow than
tropical cane, as it grows from seed, and I
have no doubt but that it is equally as good
a sugar plant. Not long ago was shown as
fine sample Of granulated sugar as any
one need wish to look at, that had been
made from Chinese sugar-cane.
Denver, Col. c. o. MOVES.
Just so. We have ourseH seen fine sam
pies of sugar said to have been made from
sorghum (''Chirese sugar cane'D, and we
have also seen samples Of gold that had been
made from sea water. The gold was Just
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27

facilities and improved methods. There
was never before time when sound, prac
teal farm talk was more important than
it is now. When farmers are getting out
of old ruts, as most of them are now obliged
TO do, it is more necessary than ever that
they should start in new paths where they
will not at once run on unknown breakers.
Laying hold of every advantage that tends
to cheaper production is good farming, and
that, associated with intelligent manage
ment and strict attention to ones own bust
ness. invariably pays.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27
OUR CORRESPONDENTS.

This department is devoted to answering
such questions as may be asked by our sub
scribers, which may be Of general information.
Inquiries OF personal character that require an
swer by mail should always have Stamp in
address in addition to any such signature as
Subscriber" or "a. G. D. not for publication.
If against the will OF the writer. but TO admit OF
direct communication should such thing be
deemed necessary Address as directed at head
of this page,
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-08-27
AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT.
J. P. STEELE, EDITOR.


Q Of P
The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1891-02-03
Terrible Mine Explosion Reported
in Colorado.
10 LIVES KNOWN TO HAVE BEEN
LOST.
A Cold Wave Sweeps Over the North
west-The Thermometer Many De-
grees Below Zero In Minnesota and
the Dakotas-A Desperate in an
Alabama Jail Stands Off an Armed
Mob-Koch's Treatment.
special to the REcoRD-Us1oN.

DENVER, Feb. "a. MA Newcastle
COLI special says: The Mammoth mine
disaster occurred here last evening in the
Grand River coal and coke mines. Just
at O'Clock as the day shift, composed of
seventy-five men, was about to leave the
mine, a terrific explosion occurred, and
Immediately black smoke came pour
ing out of the side of the mountain. Men,
women and children rushed toward the
entrance of the mine, only to be driven
back by the clouds of smoke.
Above the roar of the escaping gas the
pitiful cries of the imprisoned miners
could be plainly heard by their wives
and children. Soon willing hands braved
the great danger and started the hoisting
machinery, relieving each other as fast
rs their comrades became exhausted.
Soon seventy-five miners were brought
TO the surface, some more dead than alive,
none of them any too soon, as the flames
Immediately reached the shaft and came
up with such force as to drive everybody
away. Explosions soon followed every
few hours.
At o'clock this (Tuesday) morning
the excitement is so great that it is inn
possible to tell if any one failed to get out.
1t is thought several have perished.
Had the explosion occurred when the
miners We're at work, not one would
have escaped. The mine has been on fire
several times before in the last two years,
caused by miners lamps igniting the
gas, which always troubled them.
The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1891-02-03
WORK OF FIENDs.
a HORRIBLE DISCOVERY MADE IN
TUOLUMNE COUNTY.
Two Men are Brutally Murdered and
Their Bodies Burned to
a Crisp.
Special to the REcoRp-uN1oN.

Special to the RECoRD-UNIeN.
MILTON, Feb. 2.-The Ward toll bridge
across the Tuolumne river and the toll
house, with its contents, was burned on
Saturday night. On investigation being
made on Sunday the charred remains of
the keeper and one other body was found
in the ruins. The keeper had a bullet
hole through the head, and the bridge
had been set on fire at both ends, show
ing that a double murder had been COM
mitted. Sunday being the first of the
month the bridge keeper WAS presumed
to have large amount of money in his
possession, but having shipped all the
coin on hand last Saturday, the parties
got very little for their deadly work
The officers are now securing the coun-
try for the perpetrators of this crime
Besides the body OF the bridge keeper,
Charles s. Pease, the body of his friend,
Byrum n. Lowe, was found with bullet
through his brain. The bodies presented
fearful sight. Pease was terribly
burned. A small portion of his body
was found near the bridge, but his head,
legs, arms, and a portion of the trunk
was entirely DESTROYED. The lower arms.
legs and head were entirely consumed by
the fire, and the trunk burned to crisp.
Great excitement prevails throughout
the county, and to-day the relatives of
Pease telegraphed the Sheriff of Calaveras
County offering large reward for the
arrest and conviction of the murderers.
The crime was evidently committed be-
fore the men had retired, for portions of
their clothing were found ON the remains.
The bridge was erected by private en-
terprise, and cost $40, 900.
The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1891-02-03
TURF EVENTS.

Results of the Races at Gloucester,
Clifton and New Orleans.
GLOUCESTER, Feb. 2.-The track was
heavy to-day. The results were:
Three-quarters of a mile, Appomattox
won, Amalgam second, Hamburg third.
Time 1:30!.
Selling, nine-sixteenths of mile, Ben's
Pet won, Gadabout second, Muggs third.
Time 1:O61.
Selling seven-eighths of mile, General
Gordon won, Davy Johnson second,
Ralph Black third. Time 1:47
Five-eighths of a mile, Sal Harper
Won, Prodigal Son second, Jubilee third.
Time 1:13.
Selling, fifteen-siXteenths of mile,
Ceawood won, Can't Tell second, Bo-
hemian third. Time l:524.
AT CLIFTON.
MILTON, Feb. 2.-The track was heavy
to-day. The winners were:
Five-eighths of mile. Sam Morse won
Telephone second, Ariel third. Time 1:06a
One mile, War Peak won, Longevity
second, Outbound third. Time 1:4S
Selling, thirteen-siXteenths of q mile,
Emma j. won, Rumpus second, Truth
third. Time l:2S8.
Five-eighths of mile, Defendant won,
Little Grande second, Freedom third.
Time 1909.
Selling, seven-eighths of mile, Mamie
3. won, kanesville second, Prodigal
third. Time 1:344.
One mile, welter weights, ]. ]. OBJ.
won, Baychester second, Zangbar third.
Time 1:5l.
AT NEW ORLEANS.
New ORLEANS, Feb. 2.-To-day's rae
ing resulted as follows:
Nine-siXteenths of mile, Iago won,
Orphan Boy second, Shiloh third. Time
1:0I4.
Five-eighths of mile, Receiver won,
Redstone second, Emma J. third. Time
1:0l3.
Eleven-sixteenths of mile, Ivanhoe
won, Vattell second, Dan L. third. Time
1:15s.
Thirteen-siXteenths of a mile, Clifford
won, McMinty second, Luke Alex third.
Time l:29
The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1891-02-03
SPANISH ELECTIONS
The Government Gains a Decisi,
Victory.

The Government Gains Decisive
Victory.
MADRID, Feb. 2.-Returns from the
elections give the opposition, includ-
ing all shades, i20 Deputies out of a total
OF 427. The Ministers and all chief party
leaders were reelected.
The Republicans cast 10000 votes in
Madrid, but did not succeed in electinp a
single member. In Barcelona rioters
attacked the officials guarding the poll
ing station and smashed some ballot
boxes.
The returns from the provinces con-
mnue to show gains for the Government.
This is cause for much congratulation
on the part of the Conservatives. as yes
terday's elections We're the first held
under the law establishing universal
suffrage.
The revised returns show the election
OF 3l4 government candidates, fifty Lib
erals, thirtyfive Republicans and seven
Carlists. No Socialists Were returned.
The feature of the election was the
abstention of the laboring classes and
Anarchists from the contest.
The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1891-02-03
BEHRTNG SEA.
Supreme Court Ruling Regarding the
Case Before 1t.

Supreme Court Ruling Regarding the
Case Before 1t.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 2.-Chief Justice
Fuller to-day announced that the SUI
preme Court had decided to grant the Pc
tition of counsel representing the British
Government for leave to file an applica-
ton for writ of prohibition to prevent
the District Court of Alaska from pro-
ceeding to carry out its decree of forfeit
ure made in the case OF the schooner Sey-
ward, libeled for unlawfully taking seals
within the waters of Behring Sea. The
court asked counsel at what date the rule
requiring the Alaska court to come here
and show cause why the writ OF prohibi-
ton should not issue should be made re-
turnable. Bymutual agreement the rule
was made returnahle the second Monday
in april.
This settles merely the preliminary
question of the right to bring the case
INTO court, and the matter now to be set
tied Is whether or not the court will de-
clde that writ of prohibition should is
sue. There must now be an argument on
the merits of the Bchring Sea- contro-
versy. In announcing the determination
OF the court, the Chief Justice said that
the argument had taken much wider
range than was necessary, and that the
court was of the opinion that it had juriS-
dlction by way of prohibition under Sec
ton 6S8, Revised Statutes, to review the
proceedings Of the Alaska court
The record-union. [volume] (Sacramento, Calif.) 1891-1903, 1891-02-03
Special to the REcoRD.US1os.

special to the REcoRD-UN1oN.
PARIS, Feb. 2.--Dispatches received
iron Rome by the newspapers in this
Guy agree IN stating that King Hunbert
regards Slgnor Crispi's resignation as
iiIai, and that the King has not asked
mm to withdraw it.
NEW CABINET TO BE FORMED.
ROME, Feb. liking Humbert bs1
summoned . Marquis Adirudini, second of
the Tour Vice-Presidents of the Chambe er
oil Deputies, to form Cabinet.
PRESS COMMENT.
LONDON, Feb. 2.-The Times. comments
ing on the Italian ministerial crisis. saws.
Inc dislike of heavy military and naval
expenditure would be a more permanert
lorce IN Italian politics were If NOT co
clear that the attitude of hostility to n
closer intimacy with France would in
Vo1Ve even greater uncertainty and irnnIv
~ ustihy elaooIaGe preparations for the
allzed Italy may think well to pause he
lore dlscardIng Signor Crispi".
me Standard says: ''The fall of Sionor
Crlspl is an event of the grayest signifi-
cance, put 1t viii not exercise the remot-
eSt e., influence on Italy's foreign policy.
The bride will have to be IMPOSED on
the insane and inexplicable waste of
Italian money in Africa, which we fuIly
believe was the main ingredient of the
irritation II that resulted in Crisprs fall.
II IS not in Italy alone that Lord Sails
bury's prediction as to the influence that
slao,a = TIC, Would exert 1T IN European politics
IS coming true. The Oporto revolt calcu-
lated on the, popular vexation with the
failure of the Government to comneI
England to forego her just claims i'm the
African convention. Despite our greater
strength we have ambitious dreams re-
gafdlng Africa to chartered companies.
snd ai19 II other countries are wise they will
follow our example,