Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1891-06-02

In March, 1884, they founded the town near
the mouth Of the Potomac, which they called
St. Mays, which was the capital Of the prov
ince. There was for long time constant fric-
ton between the Maryland colonists and
the Virginia Protestants under Clayborne, one
OF the parliamentary commissioners. who at
one time seized the government OF St Mary's.
but was afterward driven out by Calvert who
had meantime sought the protection Of Gov.
Berkeley OF Virginia. Leonard Calvert died in
l647. and William Stone, a Protestant governor,
was appointed in 1913, but was sworn by the
proprietor to protect Catholics. The parlia-
mentary commissioners sent to reduce the
colonies in 1852 displaced Stone, but afterward
reinstated him and he sided with the proprie-
tor, who wished TO Danish all colonists who
would not take the oath of fidelity to him. The
governor proclaimed the Puritan leaders as
seditious and elected many of them, and in
1868 pitched battle was fought at Providence,
now Annapolis, in which the Protestants won
and several of stones followers were executed.
Stone was himself sentenced to death, but was
reprieved. Baltimore was finally restored to
his proprietorship in 1857, and the result Of
his restoration was to enlarge the political
privileges of the people and to annihilate the
Catholic supremacy in Maryland.
In 1861 Chas- Calvert the oldest con of Lord
Baltimore, became governor Of the province.
His admirable administrs alton lasted for four
teen years, during which the colony greatly
prospered, and Maryland, with its religious
federation and benefcent laws, became widely
known 81 q haven for the oppressed of all
nations Cecil, Lord Baltimore, died in 1875
and Charles fell heir to the family title and es-
tstes. In 1859 Josias Fendall, a demagogue,
intrigued with John Coode, a retired clergy
man. both Of Virginia, and they headed an in
surrection, which seized the government Of
Maryland. In 1851 Maryland was declared a
royal province, and Sir Lionel Copley came out
as the first royal governor. Baltimore's inter
ests were respected, but he now became q mere
absentee landlord The canital was remoyed
from st. Mary's, the center Of the Catholic in
terest, to Annhpolis-first settled by Puritans
and now controlled by the adherents Of the es-
tablishment. Maryland's prosperity, hereto
fore unrivsled in the colonies, now suffered .
check and for Q term Of years the royal admin
istration was signalized by religious persecu-
ton and a low political and social tone until,
in l7le, the proprietorship was re-established.
In 1870 the city Of Baltimore was founded as
convenient port for the planters. The
original capital OF Maryland, st. Mary's, was
not worthy the name of town, but when In the
last decade of the century Providence, re-
ehristened Annapolis, became the seat OF gov
eminent the new capital soon grew into an
Improvement on the old, several public build
ing were erected and trade expanded. What
ever may have been Leonard Calvert's wisdom
in other respects he showed very little in his
selection of place for the capital of the
province which he founded. The chief OBJ
lection urged toit at the tme that it was way off
to one side of the state, was met with the reply
that London was far from the center of Eng
land, and it was further promised that as
convenience to those who wished to travel be-
tween the Potomac and the Severn horse and
wagon should be run from st. Mary's to
Annapolis All that there was of Leonard
Calvert's city has many a year ago, with his
bones, moldered into dust, and save the
monument which tells the place where it once
Was there is nothing but church and q scl col.