davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17

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Every person of moderately good
breeding considers it in-mannered and
churlish, merely for his OWL pleasure.
to interfere with the peace and com
forts OF others, q .f~OTtiOri, to in lure
their healthy No one would take the
liberty to flood with water a room in
which people were sitting; to scream
land yell IN 1t; to turn on hot, cold, or
footed air, or to perform any other acts
tending to disturb or iniure others:
and yet, Out>of a thousand smokers,
scarcely one will hesitate to fill with
noXiOuS fumes a room, the atmosphere
of which is being breathed by women
and children who do not smoke! "a
1t is urged that smoking conduces to
efficient mental work. This is only
true if quantity and not quality is to
be considered. Smoking simply STILES
the severe, critical Judgment of the
mental worker, and permits him to be
satisfied with inferior work. -
Terrible, indeed, are the consequences
of the effects of moderate drinking and
smoking, when we remember that the
guiding force of humanity-political,
administrative, scientific, hterary-is
welded for the most part by men who
are not IN a normal condition o mind,
by men who, to call things by their
names, are in a state of intoxicatien.
A man who drinks and smokes moder-
ately every day, requires-in order to
restore his brain to its normal condition
at least one week, probably more
than a week, of total abstinence from
spirits and tobacco. No smoker or
bibber V e voluntarily abstains for
so long a time.
1t seems as if the human race in our
days had got fastened to- something
that is clogging and holding it back.
Some external cause is hindering it
from attaining the position that be-
longs to it of right, in virtue of con-
seriousness. That cause is chiefly the
physical state of stupefaction, to which
the overwhelming majority Of human
beings reduce themselves by means of
alcohol and tobacco.-COunt Leo Toll
StOi, Contemporary Review, London,
February.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
OUR EXCHANGES.

IN 1rED WE sTAtaSbb., DIVIDED We FALL"
would say, that we as patrons of
industry, held conference In Casso-
polls on the 6thday of January for the
purpose of considering the advlsablllty
of uniting with the Farmers Alliance;
sixty-seven delegates present, thirty
five subordinate associations repre-
sented in the county. Vote taken as
follows: Fiftyfour to unite, six, noes;
seven didn't vote, so you see that we,
as a county, have gone IN with the
Alliance, body and breeches; we are
alive in this county. 1t will not be
long before every county in the State
will be in the Farmers Alliance. I
think we are getting educated up to
the fact that United weStand, divided
we fall. "'ua, 1': - +
Come. farmers, and letsus come up in
n solid phalanx and stand for our
right, and let them know at Washing
ton that they are not the Government,
only u servants, and there is no. bet
ter way for u to educate ourselves
than to take papers that are advocating
u interests. / take three different
labor papers and will say that they are
educators to me, and cannot help to be
to the farmers.-S. H. Beo1@', IN Farm
ers' Voice.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
DOMESTIC NEWS.
THE CALIFORNIA sENAroRsHrP.

SAN FRANCISCO, March 1.-THE legisz
lature met in joint convention today,
took one ballot, and adjourned until
tomorrow. The Democrats cast 25
votes for Goucher and 1 for Gould. OF
the Republicans 30 went for Estee, a
gain of 4; "a for De Young, a gain of 2;
ID for FELTON,, no gain, and the rest
were scattering. Bruner, the exposed
bride taker, had the audacity to make a
speech, nominating William Johnston.
FELTON, insists that he is not going to
open his sack, and the awful rumor
has spread that he really means it;
hence the stationary condition of his
vote. e
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
ILLINOIS

The contest for United States
Senator from Illinois, which ended
to-day with the casting of two of
the farmer members votes in favor
of General John M. Palmer, the
Democratic nominee, began in the
legislature of that State Tuesday, Jan.
18th. Each branch voted separately.
General Palmer, who had been nomi-
mated by the Democratic State Conven-
ton of last year to be the party can
didate for the honor, received the full
party vote in both branches, which
gave him a majority of one in the
House over Richard j.. Oglesby, the
Republican caucus nominee, and A. J.
Streeter, who was supported by the
three Farmers Mutual Benefit Associa-
ton members-Cockrell Moore and
Taubedeck. In the Senate Oglesby
had a majority. There was accordingly
no election, and the real struggle began
in joint session the next day.
Joint sessions have been held on
every legislative day since, though the
balloting on a number of occasions has
been simply ola perfunctory character
and to meet the requirements of law.
The Democrats have, adhered steadily
to the party nominee, the 1O1 standing
by Palmer with a fidelity rivaling that
of Grants famous 3O6, but the Repub-
licans have INDUCED in a variety of
efforts to arrange some kind of a deal
with7the farmers whereby they might
secure the election of a man suitable
to themselves. Several times they felt
encouraged to believe that in this they
would be successful, and Streeter is the
man on whom their hopes were most
strongly fixed. That the deal has failed
is due to the unwillingness of some of
their own party to support Streeter,
severalOf them going so far as to de
clare they would vote for Palmer in
preference. ~
The Granger members have been
firm in maintaining the grip they held
upon the balance of power, standing as
they do between two very nearly bal
DR.. MoOre-has had hopes of diverting
The trio have voted for a Granger
editor named Steele, but this diversion
failed to bring the Republicans over.
Meanwhile the people of the State
have grown impatient, and there has
been much popular clamOr that the
farce" at Springfield should end. The
farmer members have been urged by
many of their constituents to vote for
this element ~preferring a
Democrat to a Republican. And when
Kyle, an Independent, was elected in
South Dakota by a combination of the
Democrats with the Independents it
was supposed that the farmers in the
Illinois legislature would reciprocate
by throwing in their strength with that
of the Democrats. This, it seems, they
have finally decided to do.
General Palmer made a vigorous
campaign for his party in the Statelast
fall, speaking frequently and making
his canvass on the issues of tariff re-
form and the election of United States
Senator by popular vote.-NeW York
Herald.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17

as having been introduced in the New
York Senate, provides that these in
sp~ectors shall be charged With the duty,
ofexamining mercantile Establishments
as well{as factories. a.,
The subject of the employment of
women in stores and factories is one
which constantly calls for attention.
1t does not of itself give any indication
of working out a happy solution. 1T
needs the application Of legal measures,
Sixty hours a week is long enough for
any woman to work In a store or fac
tory, and the Legislature of this or any
other State be justifiedin restrict
ing the employment of women to that
number of hours. -DenUer Republican,
February.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
ARE WE AFRAID OF THE TRUTH9

To encourage people, ALPHABETICALLY.
theologians, not to speak the truth
openly, though they know it, must be
fatal to every religion. Who could
draw the line between the truth that
may and the truth that may not be
communicated 1 have known theolo-
CLANS, occupying the highest positions
In the Church, who frankly admitted
among their own intimate friends that
physical miracles are impossible. But
they did not consider it right to say SO
from the pulpit, though to many OF
their hearers such a profession would
probably have been far more helpful
than many an apologize sermon. IN
fortunately there exists at present a
very widespread impression that
preachers do not preach allthey know,
that they will not help others to face
the abyss which all have to face, and
that they will not open the shutters to
let in the light of the sun and the fresh
air of the morning which we n all
meant to breathe, but that they will
keep the truth to themselves, [ will
not say from any selfish motives, but
from fear that it might do more. harm
than good to others. To all this I know
but one reply: Can there be anything
higher and better than truth?-PrOf.
Mac Muller in the March Forum.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
SIXTY HOURS PER WEEK.

It would be well for our Legislature
to consider the bill which has been
introduced in the New York Senate to
regulate the employment of women
and children in mercantile establish
ments. This bill provides that no per-
son under Is, and no woman of any
age, employed in a mercantile estab-
hshment, shall be allowed to workmore
than sixty hours per week.
Miss Alice L. Woodbridge, Secretary
OF the Working WOmen's Society of
New York, has made a report on the
condition OF women and children en-
plOyed IN mercantile establishments.
She shows that the hours which they
have to work are often excessive. and
that some of them work under unWhole-
some sanitary conditions. The ventila-
ton of buildings is bad, and there r
other matters calling for reform. She
asserts that, in consequence of low
wages, long hours, and the imposition
OF excessive fines, the physical condi-
ton of the employees is injured, and
mat there is a tendency to injure their
moral well-being also. In this con-
nectlon she uses the fOllowinglahguage:
1t is simply impossible forany woman
10 live, without assistance, on the low
salary a saleswoman earns, without
dePrlVlng herself of real necessities"
The conditions which prevail in one
city very likely prevail in all cities to
a greater or less extent. Investigation
has shown that shop girls in Denver
are PAID about the same wages that
girls of their class are paid in New
York; and there doubtless is proper
t!onately as much reason for investiga-
tlon into the conditions under which
such girls work here as there is in
New York. In New York there is a
law providing for the employment of a
certain number Of women inspectors
Oh factories. The bill referred to above
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
HI RACE L

AS we have already noticed, the
color question is less discussed in the
South just at present than formerly,
is receiving more attention in other
sections of this country and abroad;
and it is somewhat startling to see how
seriously these outside cities regard it
as a problem of the first magnitude,
and requiring the most violent RENE
dies. ~
The LONDON Times, as We have shown,
sees the possibility of race war ahead,
and recommends the forced exodus of
of the negro, or rather suggests that as
the preferable solution of the problem.
The RetigiQ Philosophical Journal,
taking up the question, comes to the
same cOnclusiOn-that the only solution
is to drive the negroes out of the South.
1t does not, however, take the race
war view of the matter as the Times
has done, but adopts the theory of
Senator Hampton that where two races
live in the same country, one must be
held down subject to the other and
inferior to it, or amalgamatiOn is in
evitable. It sees amalgamation, or
hybridizatiOn, as it calls it, threaten
ing the country, and it declares that
this must be stopped by the removal,
complete and thorough removal, of the
inferior stock, and this sole remedy
should be promptly applied"
Here are two outside critics, free
from any Southern preiudices, looking
at this matter coldly and deliberately,
who arrive at the same conclusion
that the presence of the negro in the
South is a danger, and that he should
be forcibly driven out. One of these
Journals, the Times, views the matter
from the other side of the ocean; the
other from a section which has nothing
to fear from any "hybridization."
Without discussing their PROPOSE
lions the very fact that they devote so
much space to it's consideration, and
arrive, after due elaboration, at such
serious cOnclusions-conclusions to
which they are disinclined, for they
both think this forced exodus a cruelty,
and only to be resorted to because there
is no remedy-proves that the problem
Is a difficult and important one, and
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
STATE RAILWAYS AND THEIR EVILS.

twill not be denied that the Aus
tralian lines have suffered seriously
from political management. Railways
have been made, not because they
were needed, but because the member
for the interested district was pertina-
ciOus and insistent. Redundant Off
Gals by the hundred have been en-
plOyed or retained in office for the
same reason. In the last few years
the different colonies have one after
another found it expedient to appoint
.~nOn-pOlitcal boards of railway COM
missioners, holding office for life, to
manage their railways. But of course
it has been impossible to withdraw the
power of the purse and the decision as
to the construction of new lines from
the Government and Parliament. Nor
can it be said that, either in the extern
sion of new lines or in the facilities
afforded by the existing ones, the Aus
tralian colonies have shown any devel-
opment to match that of the railways
Of America. Railway rates may have
come down; though the Farmers Ali
ance would probably express but slight
satisfaction at an announcement similar
to that made by the chief commissioner
Of railways for New South Wales in his
last annual report, that the highest
rate in the colony per ton-mile had
recently been reduced from ninepence
to sevenpence. But they have not
descended by leaps and bounds like
those of the western American roads,
and it might well be urged that the
extraordinary development of the
American Northwest, as compared with
the slow progress of agricultural settle
ment in Australia, is mainly due to the
difference between the fercely com
petitive system of the American lines
and the more conservative methods of
the State railways of Australia.-W
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
HOW JEWS ARE TREATED IN RUSSIA.

Let u.s. suppose a part of our own.
community subjected to the legal re
strictions which now obtain in Russia
with regard to the Jew. Our laws on
the subject would then read somewhat
as follows:
"All Jews born in the United States.
shall be regarded as aliens. No Jews
shall dwell in any part of the United
States except the States of Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina, Geor-
gia, Alabama, and Mississippi, unless
they are graduates of some State uni
versity, members of a learned profess
sion, skilled artisansholding certificates
from a technical school, or members of
a chamber of commerce who pay $500
a year for that privilege. No Jew shall
hold any government or municipal
office. No Jew shall buy or rent landed
property. ALL Jews shall pay special
taxes IN connection with religious SER
vices. No synagogue may be opened
without the permission of the Presl-
dent of the United States, and no public
prayers may be held in any other place
than a synagogue. When nor than
ten Jews wish to meet together for
consultation or discussion, they must
obtain permission from the municipal
duG1OI1UI0S. MdEIIOu jews WHO D0COL16
converted to Christianity are ipso,factO
divorced on conversion: butethe wife,
if she remains a Jewess, may not
marry again. All Jews attaining the.
age of twenty years shall serve five
years in the active army and thirteen
years in the reserve, but nc Jew may.
become an officer or even an officers
servant. No Jew shall serve in the.
navy" ,
SGch a condition of affairs astisi
implied in this paraphrase of the Rus
sian laws effecting Jews is so impossible!
so inconceivable, in this country and
to us, that we can scarcely imagine it
to exist anywhere else. And yet there.
is no e~xaggeration in such aparaphrase.
The Jew to-day in Russo is hedged
around by a set of restrictions as
whimsical and as offensive as anything
devised by the fanatics of the middle
ages, carried out with asavage brutality
which is possible only in a half-civilized
country. Jews are both heretics and
aliens in Ru 4sian eyes.-P. G. Hubert,
Jr., IN the March Forum.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
SAFETY OF

A gratifying evidence of increasing
considerations for the welfare of en-
ployes by corporations is found, in the
statistical reports of last year. which
the railroad commissioners of various
States are sending out. In every one
the question of automatic couplers for
freight cars is discussed, with the I'M
varying statement that the railroads
of the country are cooperating with
the railway commissioners in their
endeavors to effect a practical solution
ofthis vital question.
1t is a vital" question with every
crew of freight-train men in the
country, for daily the wires are bur
dened with reports of railway employees
mangled or killed while coupling freight
cars, and nothing short of a uniform
system, of automatic a couplers, to
supersede the murderous link-and-pin
arrangement now in use, will at all
meet the imperative necessities of the
case. In this connection power Or air
brakes for freight trains, i~nterlocking
switches, and solid frogs are the other
safety appliances which are receiving
the concerted attention of railroads.
When the enormous expenditure of
money incident to these improvements
is considered, the trite saying that
corporations have no souls" begins
to look threadbare and discouraged
Chicago NeCs, Feb. 3.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
I'll RUSSIAN A

ST. PETERSBURG, March 10, 1891
The tension of affairs caused by the
political situation in Scandinavia is
keenly watched and followed here.
Russia has long been waiting for the
opportunity to incorporate into the Rus
sian Empire the country beyond the
northwest frontier, thus gaining a free
Atlantic seaboard and enabling Russia
to make GfOten, In Norway, a naval
port of equal strategic Importance to
VladivOstock, near the northern limit
of COrea, on the Sea of Japan, by join
ing the gap now separating the railway
systems of Russia and Scandinavia.
These schemes have hitherto been
eclipsed by the grander schemes of the
Balkans and a possible extension of
Russian territory in that direction.
The semi-oficial NoCOe VremgG has
taken up the hint that if the Roths-
childs espouse the cause of the He
brews it means financial pressure upon
the Russian government, and publishes
a long, venOmous article stating that
the Rothschilds themselves have given
hostages to the Russian government in
somuch that they now own practically
all the naphtha springs of Baku and
have arranged with the American
Standard Oil Company to divide the
markets of the world. The NOUOe
Vremya then says that Russia would
not fail in the event of financial
troubles to give a Roland for an Oliver.
Since the London Mansion House
meeting which expressed sympa-
thy with the Hebrews and re-
suited In sending, through the
Lord Mayor, the memorial to
the Gar, which was returned UNI
read, the severity of the anti-Jewish
penal laws has been redoubled in vigor.
When the written laws are inadequate,
arbitrary laws replace them. The
commission appointed for the purpose
of dealing with the question is com
posed chiefly of Judophobes, and in
view of these prosecutions about one
hundred thousand of the poorest
classes of Jews have embraced Russian
orthodoxy. But baptized Jews are
to the same restrictions and
disabilities as the others.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
A STATE OF SIEGE.

LONDON, March 10, 1891.-The be-
siegers Of the house at Chitheroe, where
Mr. G.. H. Jackson took his wife, the
pOssessOr Of a fortune of about $135, 900,
after having abducted her, she having
refused to live with him in spite of the
orders of the courts, still remain at
their posts. Mr. jackson, on the other
hand, maintains the residence in a
barricaded condition. and the police
remain on watch about the scene of
this matrimonial dispute in order to
prevent a serious collision between
Mrs. JacksOn's relatives, who are try
ing to rescue her, and Mr.. jackson and
his friends, who are defending his resi-
dence against attacks.
Mr.. jackson has telephoned that his
wife during yesterday had been obSti-
nate and helpless. Toward evening
Mrs. jackson commenced to talk, and
there were signs of a reconciliation
between the husband and wife.
A body of men, composed of about q
hundred inhabitants of Clitheroe,
headed by Mrs. Jackson's relatives,
early this morning marched to attack
the jackson residence. Upon seeing
the attacking party approach the Chief
Constable, who is in command of the
police guarding the house, assembled
his force across the road leading to the
objective point of the attack, the Jack
son homestead. After some parleying
the Chief Constable managed to disperse
the crowd The police official then
advised Nh. jackson to serrender to
the authorities, the law permitting a
forcible entrance into his residence to-
morrow.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17
FOREIGN NEWS.
BISMARCK TO RUN.

LONDON, March II, .1891.-The Stan
dGrd's Berlin correspondent says he
has the best authority for stating that
Prince Bismarck consents to accept the
candidacy for the Reichstag for Geeste-
munde.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17

not as trifing,a as most Of the Repdbh-
can papers and politicians regard it,
nor to be solved by actsof Congress-
NeU Orleans Times Democrat, Feb:-A
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17

AN ENGLISH VIEW OF AMERICAN POLITICS.
1 am no believer N Mr.. Cobden's
free-trade nOstrum and calico millen-
MUM. That weighty political considera-
tions may be urged IN behalf of a pro-
.tectionist policy in America, and, in
deed, in most other countries, [ am far
from denying. That such considera-
tions have really had anything what
ever to do with the passing of the
Mckinley acts, no American with
whom I have talked on the subject so
much as pretends. Here is a measure
which impOverishes the largest in
dustry in the Republic, which sensibly
increases the general cost of living,
which cOnfers upon the President-and
all men can judge whether the way in
which the presidential Office is attained
should lead us to expect in it's occupant
an Aristides or a Cincinnatus which
cOnfers, | say, upon the President the
power of imposing OF remitting taxes
to the amount of fifty or sixty millions
of dollars annually; a power certainly
exercised by no European monarch.
And what is the explanation of this
singular measure? AS l am informed,
the explanation is simply this: that it
has been devised in order to put money
into the already OVERLOOKING purses of
a gang of monopolists and driven
through the two Houses of Con-
gross by the most nefarious means.
The American party vote, it is ex-
planned to me, is controlledby "bosses, "
who as often as not are low attorneys
or Irish saloon keepers. The bosses
r bought by wealthy spectators. In
the almighty dollar is the motive
power of legislatures and administra-
tions; and financial fraud determines
public policy. There seems to be ire
fragable evidence that the American
people isin hopeless bondage to corrupt
wire-pullers, and is sold by them, with
hardly the pretense of concealment, to
wealthy robbers-the fnanciers of
speculative trusts and rings, which are
really nothing else but organized and
State-protected swindling.--W. S. LGUy,
I'm the March Forum.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1891-03-17

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