davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07
The Worlds Fairs.

The credit of the first Universal ex-
position is due to Albert, the late prince
consort of Queen Victoria, and the initial
i've was taken at meeting of the society
of arts in London, 1919. A guarantee fund
of 81 ,000. 900 was raised, and the exposition
was held in 1851. The second was held in
New York in 1853. The idea became popu-
lar and several countries held smaller ex-
positions in the few years following, but
the next great effort was in South Ken
sington, London, in 1862, and an effort was
made nine years later to keep up an annual
exposition on a grand scale. The fe RS
were continued during several months
each of 1871. 1872 and the two following
years, but public interest tagged, and the
attempt was given up.
In the meantime expositions had been
held in Paris in 1855 and 1861, and most
splendid display in 1873 demonstrated the
business tact and energy OF the French,
while in 1873 an exposition was held in
Vienna, and another in Berlin in 1881, sue
ceeded in Europe by several others on a
smaller scal", and lastly by the great
French fair of 1889. In the United States
there has been held since the Centennial
exposition of 1876 but one display of the
kind-the Worlds fair in New Orleans in
1885 Louis Globe-Democrat
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07

The following were also allowed: Down
ing Bros. $32. 80. fire account, George
w Gamble 50 10. contingent; George
Bick, 81 so. street. Bills of Andrew
Nelson on the Spencer square account.
was referred and laid over to the new fis-
Cal year. NJ. E. Sweeney, S107 40, was
referred to the finance committee to re
peri: a. G. Wivill, police magistrate,
STA 05. was referred to the city attor-
ney.
The mayor stated that deficiency oc'
CURED in the street and alley fund by
recent street cleaning, and Alderman
Evans moved that $500 be transferred
from the wa.erworks fund to the street
and alley fund. Motion adopted.
A communication from Oliver Olsen
WAS presented and read relative to his trip
TO Washington on the viadn CT matter and
asking that he be reimbursed to the
amount of 800 for expenses incurred
MIR. Olsen and Fred Hass were heard in
explanation OF the matter. Alderman
Evans moved that the amount of 800 be
allowed to Mr.. Olsen. Al derman Ken
nedy moved as en- amendment that the
same be referred TO the finance commit
tee and city attorney. Amendment car
ried by vote as follows:
Ayes-Blsdel. Buncher Durhmann. Het-
Ter, Corken. Geiger. Tindall, Knox. Ken
nedy-9.
Nsys-Evans. Larkin. Thiesen-3.
On motion of Alderm an Evans thanks
were rendered to Oliver Olsen for his
untiring efforts in securing and over-com
ing the difficulties and obstacles in the
vladuct matter by rising vote of the
council.
A motion to adjourn was defeated by
the mayors casting vote.
Alderman Corken moved that the al
dermen of each ward be requested to
hand in list to the Merchants Electric
Light company, for the change of locs-
ton of any light in their respective wards.
Carried.
Alderman Knox moved that the clerk
be instructed TO notify the Rockford Con-
struction company to resume the pa-.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07

"The Great American Grass Fiend,'' as
James B. Ulcott, of South Manchester,
Conn, is sometimes called, on account of
the remarkable knowledge of sward grasses
that he has acquired, has an extensive
grass garden of his own, and has become
SO expert in his branch of botany that he
can distinguish by sight, smell or taste any
of the grasses he is familiar with
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07
A Gigantic Skull with Eighty Teeth.

Furman, the Scotch giant of the time of
Eugene ii, measured but two lines less than
II feet 6 inches. Chevalier Scovy, in his
account of the voyage to the peaks of Ten
eriffe, says that in opening one of the Sc
pulchral caverns they found human skull
which measured four feet in circumference.
and which was provided with eighty teeth.
st. Louis Republic.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07

My son has been afflicted with nasal
catarrh since quite young. was induced
to try Ely's Cream Balm. and before he
hsd csed one bottle that disagreeable ca
tsrrhsl smell had all left him He APP
pears as well as anyone. 1t is the best
catsrrh remedy in the MARKET. c..
Olmstead, Arcola, Ill.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07

q. D. MACK. D. P. A.
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07
Illlupis pepartm.n, Encampmsnr. q. a. R.

DECATUR. ILL.,. April 8. 10. 1S91.-For
abos the e., B & Q. will sell tickets
from points in Illinois. April ITO, Inclu-
sive. at one fare for the round trip. good
returning up to and including April II,
1891. Good connection is made both 60.
ing and returning.
q. D. MACK. D. P A
Rock Island daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1886-1893, 1891-04-07

Ladies who value refined complexion
must use Pozzoni's powder 1t produces
. soft and beautiful skin
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10
Farmers and the Law.
FORT WORTH, Tex, Aug. 20, 1891

FORT WORTH, TEX, Aug. 20, 1891.
Editor Gazette.
Your position on the alien land law may
meet the approval of some farmers, but
seriously doubt if it will commend itself to
the second sober thought of the great
agricultural interests of Texas. 1t may be,
as you argue. that the law will drive from
the state certain money-loanerS who have
long fattened on 12 per cent year. And 1t
may be that there will be failures and
rumors of failures on account of cthe with
drawal of this capital which comes from
foreign lands. But the question remains,
us it not better to suffer the Inconvenience
arising from the withdrawal OF 0000, 900
rather than perpetuate debt Of this kind'"
Now, Mr.. Editor, l am only plain farmer
and can see only plain arguments on matters
of this kind. but will you just take the time
to illuminate with your luminous luminosity
a subject much be-clouded by the avarice of
some and the ignorance OF otherSa Is 1t not
a fact that foreign landowners have always
proved hard landlords as evidenced by the
conduct OF the three Englishmen who
owned real estate in IllinoiS9 Why, let
them withdraw their money. That is what
they ought to do, OF else come here and live
in this land of the free" Isn't there
enough money inside our vast territorial
limits to carry on every legitimate business
enterprisel Would England permit an
American syndicate to take mortgage
on dyue PARK, OF leu rencIHSn
control the Bank of Erglandl These
are, as 1 take it, pertinent questions
and entitled to consideration. But in some
way that no man is able TO account for, the
whole press of Texas, or at least every in
fuential paper, is giving its serious efforts
to opposing this law, passed in the interest
of the owners of the soil Possibly there
may be something in the statement made to
me by friend few days ago. He said:
why, don't you know that the papers will
support the money lender against the
farmerl Whyl Because the money-lenders
are liberal advertisers and the farmers are
not" / thought over that statement for
some hours, and / am inclined to think
there is something in it.
Now, GAZETTE, you boast Of your semper
idem. and l, in common with thousands of
other farmers in Texas, have always be-
heved your protestations of devotion to the
agricultural interests were genuine. But
now, Just rise TO the emergency of the hour
and tell the people whether you really be-
lieve that the allen land law' is bad, when
viewed from the standpoint Of a farmer.
c. B. CoLsoN.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10
FIAT MONEY.

Sometimes THE GAZETTE grows
tired, very tired. but devotion to the
public welfare does not allow it to stop
to rest. If THE GAZETTE could stop
to rest, it would rest long willis be-
fore essaying the task of replying to
the questions put in this communica-
ton:
To the Editor OF the Gazette.
Why can we not have a non-redeemable
paper CURRENCY
If the United States says piece of paper
is worth q dollar, or is dollar, why is it
not worth as much, as money, as Is
piece OF gold bearing the same stamp!
OF course gold has metallic value that at
taches TO it in any other country; SO has
iron. wheat or pork value as a commodity.
Gold is only 4 commodity when we send IL
abroad; IL is not money, and so is bought
and sold, not upon the stamp 1t bears, but
by weight as bullion.
II is not the amount of metal in coin, but
the stamp it bears that gives it monetary
value. Why would not the same stamp
give same value to paperl
The Ben Franklin monetary system-a
fiat paper currency-was in vogue in the
province Of Pennsylvania for about. fifty
years without a crisis or check in the COM
marCial prosperity of the country.
Fiat paper money was the circulating
medium in Venice for hundreds of years,
without resulting in financial disaster or
causing any embarrassment 10 business.
Paper money without a specie basis can
not contract and expand, as is the custom
in this country at present, and as history
shows is the case every twenty or twenty
five years, where the circulating medium is
claimed to be redeemable in specie.
Our present paper money is not redeem
able in specie, from the fact there is not
specie enough to redeem more than fourth
part of it. 1t is received in commercial cir
cles, not as a representative of specie, but
as medium Of exchange representing pro-
duce or la0or. e.
The world is 5000 years old. That is
the orthodox age, though biologists and
evolutionists count its wears by the
millions. But in these 5000 years that
we accept as the age of the world,
there has been no case where pure
fiat" money has established itself as a
success. History is full OF attempts
aide to introduce fat money, and just
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

as full OF failures. Some man who
essaeg. what he vas talking about s'eid
that 'sAn ounce OF experience islworth
shipload of theory" Theories may
be built up to show that fat money VIII
go" but experience has proved that
it won't-aso," so there's an end OF it,
and there is, no use wasting time ID
combating the arguments OF e
fatists. When one ot4them .sas fng
forward single inssancaaaffe history
OF this old world, in~Sf its long career
of 6O0O years of rolling and whirling
through space, where a system OF fiat
money has been made success, it will
be time to stop and talk with him.
To say that gold derives its value
from the government stamp upon
it, is to say thing that comes
from nothing but ignorance. A
gold eagle is worth $40 in the United
States, in England, in Russia, because
it contains $40 worth of gold. In the
bank OF England no gold coins are re-
ceived at their face value unless they
contain metal worth their face value.
A deposit of fifty American eagles
would not be credited with $1,000 unless
those coins, put in the scales and
weighed, showed that they contained
$1,000 worth OF gold metal. If they
don't contain that much metal, which
is sometimes the case when the coins
are old and worn, the shortage is
ock ed. The government stamp of the
United States of America isn't worth q
cent in adding TO the value of the coin.
A $40 piece is worth $50 because $50
worth OF effort has been put forth by
somebody in getting it out of the bow
els of the earth, just as a bushel OF
wheat is worth q dollar because it has
taken a dollars worth OF labor to
bring it from the seed to market.
Paper money with a specie basis
cannot contract or expand" Why not?
Can't the owners OF paper dollars get
scared and Withdraw them from circu-
lation, causing contraction? And can't
the government printing presses multi
ply these dollars indefinitely, causing
expansion? Contraction and expansion
is far easier with fat money than with
any other kind on earth.
There was in circulation on the LIST
of July, 1891, s345,O79,272 of legal
tender notes. The treasury contained
SIG, 450,37S of gold and S347, 97G,227 OF
silver. With such resources the
holder of SO bill Of redeema BILE legal
tender feels so safe that he is not likely
10 precipitate run on the treasury by
demanding specie for the promise to
pay that he holds. These figures dis
pose of the assertion that ''our present
paper money is not redeemable in
specie, from the fact that there is not
specie enough to redeem more than a
fourth part of it."
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

The financial question is now in the
hands OF men in Wall street, who must
needs protect themselves first, and the
consequence is, the country is drained
OF money to be accumulated in Wall
street. Time was when men from the
South and West were not compelled to
go East for money with which to build
and develop, and the time should come
again when the blood of our trade sys-
tenn should not be concentrated at one
point to the death of all other points.
Wall street should not be allowed to
dictate the money supply of all the
Union, and the prevention is state
banks. Under the present system,
whether we have free silver, sub
treasury or greenbacks galore, Wall
street, in time, would gather them
all" The demand is against central
ICED money supply.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

THE patarnalism OF the Gossett alien
land law becomes more apparent as one
reads the arguments of its defenders.
No wonder the third party Endorsed it.
\ party that favors the conversion of
the government into huge pawn-shop,
would naturally favor the Gossett alien
land law. But what says Democracy,
which is arrayed against both cormor-
ant and commune, against both black
and red republicanism? Is Democracy
ready to destroy individualism, which
is the only safe basis for liberty and
law? l. Democracy ready to be swal-
lowed up in agrarianism? Is Democ-
racy ready to join hands with the third
party in Texas?
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

WILL some advocate of the Cossett
law please inform The GAZETTE why
It is necessary 10 drive cheap money
out Of Texas, depreciate the value Of
Texas real estate, obstruct the building
OF factories, bankrupt TEXAS people
and let in horde Of sharks to pick up
property at a sacrifice, when aliens can
be prohibited from building up estates
in Texas without such wreck and woe?
What is the m0tive-what is the pur-
pose-what is the spirit that lies be-
yond?
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

THE demand Of the people is not so
much for specific sum of money per
capita, but for a money supply nearer
to them than Wall street. This is the
demand that lies at the bottom of the
sub-treasury plan. That scheme is the
plan of desperation and demagogy,
but it will grow in strength if the
power of Wall street is not broken.
Under the present system Wall street
would accumulate ali the money were
the amount in circulation quadrupled.
The country demands local supply,
and state banks Will meet the demand
FOR this local supply. The money
should be where the people can get it
when they need it
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10


a PUItEHS PRIVATE TRANSACTION.
Money! that is borrowed for definite
term.ef years must be paid back at the
expiration of that time, or it becomes a
perpetual debt.
This appears to be the basis OF the
argument advanced by Mr.. c. 8. Col
son in THE GAZETTE to-day, who asks:
is it not better to suffer the incon-
venienca arising from the withdrawal
of $50, 900, 600 rather than perpetuate a
debt of this kind?"
When borrower takes money from
a lender he expects to pay it when the
obligation natures. Sometimes he can't
pay it at shat time. Poor crops, in
ability to realize, or other misfortunes,
compel him to ask for an extension OF
time from the creditor. It is COM
pliment to the humanity of the creditor,
and to the solvency and integrity of the
debtor. to know that this request for
an extension or renewal OF the loan is
hardly ever refused. But this extern
sion OF time does not ''perpetuate" the
debt. 1t only gives the borrower a
chance to pay it. There are few, in
deed, among the debtor class of Texas
who cannot pay the mortgages on their
lands in five years. Extension is not
perpetuation. 1t is a step toward ex-
tinguishment of the debt.
The loan is private affair in which
only the lender and the borrower are
concerned. If one asks for few years
more in which to earn enough to pay
the loan, and the other is willing to
grant this request, what business is it
OF any other person to prevent this ar
rangement?
There has never been anything done
in the history of Texas legislation that
is more wantonly cruel and brutally
selfish than the enactment of this law
that compels a creditor TO sell out an
unfortunate debtor. There has never
been q law enacted anywhere that op-
Grated more directly in favor OF land
sharks. And there has never been dis
played anywhere an effrontery that
equals that of the claim that this law is
tor the welfare of the people OF Texas.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

T.-ERE are good tenant farmers in
Texas and 100000 acres of public
school lands. Whose is the fault that
Texans rent lands when Texas has
land for sale? What have "aliens" to
do with that state OF things ? Why
howl about saving lands for homes"
when $4,000 Texans do not possess
themselves of the school lands? Will
so ne Gossett law, lease law adyoeate
evDlaiu2 RI
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

E. II. TAUBENECK ventures the opin-
ion that 10000 OHIO Democrats Will
vote for Mckinley. This is the Tau&-
neck who went to Kentucky and, after
looking over the field sent back. .@ora
that his party-the Peoples party
we're going to run the Dstnoerats'a
neck-and-neck race, and that he e0fild
carry the state with $1,000. Hisepary
got less than 10000 votes. This shows
the worth of an opinion from Taube-
neck
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

TEXAS for Texans" yell the Chi
nese. Who are Texans? The men who
came with their money and constructed
railroads, the men who came later with
their money and built factories, the
nen who came and occupied waste
lands, or the men who were here with
their ox-carts and bull-whips? Who
are Texans? Let's settle that point
first
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10
RusK COUNTY WISDOM.

Is 1t possible that the Fort Worth GAZETTE
don't know that the people Of West and
Northwest Texas are almost unanimously
in favor Of the lease lawi The brains and
money that have gone from East Texas to
the Panhandle within the last few years
have revolutioniZed that whole country and
demonstrated to every observant mind that
the man with the hoe is more valuable to
the West than the cattle king, who with
winchester and reckless cowboys monopo-
lized the grass until the wisdom and states
manship of East, Middle and South Texas
passed the lease law Henderson Tines
The lease law is a grand thing for
those counties that ,drayr'Gore money
from the state treasury than they Fay
into it. But foptfe lease law, cattle
syndicates and corporations could not
buy alternate sections from sraiiroAds
and lesce item in with their leased
sections, to the exclusion of the man
with the hoe. The wisdom and states
manship OF those who enacted the lease
law is like unto the wisdom and states
manship Of New England, that enacted
q tariff law that made OF the West and
South hewers of wood and drawers OF
water. This wisdom anasstatesman-
ship" is as old as mans greed and dis
position to enrich himself at the ex-
pense of his 4eighbors.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

Tue people III Taylor and Wiibarger
counties have more sense than to think that
the scno0i lands IN those counties belong to
them, the Fort Worth GAZETTE 10 the con-
trary Notwithstanding. Has not the Fort
Worth GAZETTE got sense enough TO know
that the school lands in Taylor and Wil6ar-
ger counties are as much the property of
Rusk county rs they are of the counties in
which they are situated Was it not the
superior wisdom and craftsmanship Of
East Texas that laid the foundation OF this
mighty empire}-I Henderson Times.
That's the idea. The property of
Rusk county" According to the Hen
derson Times theory, Rusk county
should not only rule West Texas polit-
ically, but hold it as pasture lands for
lease to syndicates and corporations to
raise 4 school fund for Rusk county
children. The superior wisdom and
craftsmanship" of Rusk county is like
unto that OF the wolff grabbeth all.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

AN alien land law can be enacted
without putting a stop to the erection
Of factories, the opening OF mines and
the construction of railroads, and with
put forcing men who have built up
Texas to put their lands on the market
as a prey 70 sharks and shylocks, who
viii be attracted to Texas when the
bankruptcy sets in.
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

TIE per capita wealth Of the people
Of the United States is $1,000. That is,
we have enough wealth to give each
man. woman and child in the country
$1,000 If it was all equally divided among
Us. But isn't SO divided among US. Jay
Gould has got about 800, 900, 900, which,
is 500, 999, 900 more than his share.
Some OF US haven't got our share. Jay
Gould has it. Vanderbilt, and Astor,
and Stanford. and lots OF others have
more than their share, and a still
greater plumber have less than d fair
divide would give them. But what of
it? If the wealth were all parceled out
In equal portions to all of US. how long
would it be until Gould and Vanderbilt
and Aston and the rest of them would
have the thousand dollars Of two or
three thousand people, who wouldn't
have anything?
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10
FORT WORTH WEEKLY GAZETTE.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY
BY THE
DEMOCRAT PUBLISHING COMPANY,
Publishers and Projectors.

WILLIAM WALTER PHELPS, not an
ellen, owns millions OF acres OF Texas
lands. What have the Gossett law I'D.
vocates to say about it?
Fort Worth gazette. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1891-1898, 1891-09-10

IF Senator Chiffon can give force to
his idea Of state banks by securing
repeal OF the Federal tax Of ten per
cent, he will perform q good work in
TIE solution OF the financial question.
Waterbury evening Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.) 1887-1895, 1891-02-20

at tortstown, Pa. the stri king pud-
dlers of the Ellis Sc Lessig iron
mill, have decided to declare the strike
off. They will return to work at a SO. 90
per ton rate.
William II. Cook, of Saratoga, N. Y, q
fireman on the Adirondack Railroad,
quarrelled last night with his wife and
declared that he was tired of living. He
then went out and shot himself and will
probably die.
Capt. VIM. A. Andrews has contracted
with firm at Gloucester, Mass, to build
another dory 10 feet in length, in which
he proposes to again attempt to cross the
Atlantic ocean. He will start June II if
the boat is in readiness.
The Tooth ballot for U. S. Senator at
Springfield, ILL.,, was as follows: Palmer,
l01; Streeter, 50; Oglesby, IA; Post, /.
Total, 204. No change occurred until
the 112th ballot, which resulted: Palmer,
101; Streeter, 93; oglesby, ~.
Attorney General Hensel of Pennsylva-
MIA handed down an opinion in which
he decides that women are not compe-
petent to be incorporators or treasurers
of q corporation, and that the Act Of
1887 does not remove the restriatiaRA