The Lebanon express. (Lebanon, Linn County, Or.) 1887-1898, 1891-09-25
AGRICULTURAL.
~ y
fall Pruning Will Save
Much Labor.
HINTS FOR THE HOUSEHOLD.
productiyeness and Value Of an Or
ohard Depend on Pruning
While Young. +

8 u Will save much labor If the effect o
iall pruning is thoroughly understood
| wherever dormant limb is cut off IN,
Dud just below the cut will next season
push with greater vigor and become I'M
main shoot If the highest left on Nh
Tree. Ihe more vigorously young tire,
is pruned in fall or winter the stronpe,
growth OF wood it will make next wear
ana the concentration OF sap in a few
large shoots will prevent fruiting. The
only pruning that can promote fruitful.
ness is that done while the tree ia in leaf
and this result is effected by checking
the vieor Of its growth.
1t is a good plan to use the summer.
made manure as top dressing for the
poor places in wheat fields. A yery little
lertliizer goes great away in such cases
In our experience, when the ground Is
dry, little damage is done to wheat by
driving over it with loaded manure wap-
ons having broad tires that DO not cut in
4 deeply. II only ordinary wheels are
used, defer drawing until the surface il
frozen so II will bear q load, or wait still
later and draw on the snow with sled
In tins case some marks should be mt
up beforehand to show where the ma
nure had better be spread.
II is not often that careful farmer
viii allow sows to breed 30 az to dron
their pigs late in the fall. 1t costs more
10 winter such pigs than they are worth.
as IT is almost impossible, however well
fed and housed, to keep them from be-
ing stunted. But the pigs need not be
wholly lost. Probably the best use Of
them is to fatten rapidly and sell for
roasters about holiday time. Roast nio
is better liked by many than roast tnr7
key, and II 1t were offered generally in
iall and early winter, it is probably the
best use to which pigs dropped at this
untimely season can be put.
The future shape, productiveness and
value OF an orchard depend mainly on
the way it Is pruned while Young n
requires knowledge Of the habit of
growth Of different varieties to know
how TO prune them to advantage. A lit
tie pruning while the tree is small sets il
to growing in the right shape, and avoids
the need OF saving off large limbs later.
which can never be done without inflict.
ing wounds likely to destroy the vitality
Of the tree. 1t is In pruning. more even
than in anything else, that little done
at the right time saves the necessity for
doing much more afterwards.
Although hops can be grown from seed
this is not the usual way of propagating
them. The best time to plant hops ia in
the spring, as early as the ground can
be worked, The rows are made about
eight feet apart and the sets planted in
these at about the same distance. Each
set has two eyes, is planted about an
inch deep and pressed firmly down.
The first year hill Of corn NAV be
planted each way between the hops, but /
the second year the entire ground is to be
kept well llcultivated. Where the hop louse
has not made its appearance the crop is
generally a very profitable one.
Many farmers who have practieed the
plan recommend cutting corn fodder and
piling it in small cocks to cure. In
large stack the heating Of 80 much wet
material would certainly prove injurious.
but in small-sized cocks the fermentation
is just enough to furnish heat to dry
them out. 1t also softens the stalks
which are eaten with less waste than
those set up in stacks and dried BY ex-
posure to the air. Rain does not pene-
trate these cocks to any great extent.
Farmers have often noted that the dam
pened stalks kept in mows, even when
slightly moldy, were eaten cleaner than
hose thoroughly dried.
Roots Of all kinds are better kept in
pits than in cellars, where they are ex-
oosed to currents OF air. Some earth
should be mixed with them to fiji up the
lpaces, and thus prevent the evaporation ,
hat usually makes them dry and taste
ess before spring. Beets and potatoes
IRE more easily injured by freezing than
'ther roots and require double or triple y
'overing to exclude cold. Turnips, ruta- {
'agas, carrots and parsnips will all bear /
temperature nearly or quite down to /
he freezing point, provided they are in
ontact with the soil. Parnips with a
light covering Of the part Of the roots I
.bove the surface may be left in the S
round until spring without injury, and :
ven with benefit. The freezing makes !
hem better favored than they will be il !;
lug in the fall.
Several trials in recent wears have
hown that the pine leaves--or needles,
A. III q ..