New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-06-15
RECIPROCITY VERSUS FREE TRADE.
THE MKINLEY TARIFF BILL IS WHAT MAKES
RECIPROCAL TRADE POSSIBLE.

7 THE MKINLEY TARIFF BILL is WHAT MAKES
RECIPROCAL TRADE POSSIBLE.
TO the Editor Of, The Tribune.
Sir: Why is 1t that Democratic and Mugwump edi-
tors will persist In saying that reciprocity Is only
another term for free trade DO they make this state
mcnt in Ignorance and therefore honestly, or do they
make 1t for the purpose Of deceving their readers and
to build up the Democratic party? Do they really
suppose that the intelligent reader does not understand
the distinction between reciprocity and free trader
DO they imagine that the wide awake American citizen
does not comprehend the vast difference between CON-
mercal Intercourse based upon certain clearly denneo
and carefully stipulated conditions and obligations and
international trade without reciprocal advantages,
obligations or rightsi
Said that prince OF American humorlsts, "This,
ladies and gentlemen is Daniel in the lions den you
can distinguish Daniel from the Hon by his having
blue cotton ursbrela under his left srrn.' Now the
average American citizen il not fool, neither Is he
hacking in intelligence. discernment or patriotism he
knows the without the aid Of Che distinguishing
mark Of the blue cotton umbrella, and II the man he
proves, as he has, to be the able and eminent
patriot and statesman Jsmos G. Blaine he thanks God
and takes courage he confidently hopes and believes
that there Is at least one man in this country VINO
understands that the and only way to develop the
resources Of Nation is by caring for and protecting
home industries and builng UP homo markets through
protection and by promoting international trade
through reciprocal conditions obligations. relations and
advantages.
dc not know which person is most deserving OF
pity, the individual who is blind to his own true In
terests by Of ignorance, the individual who
has been made blind through intense paftsanship. We
told that none are blind they who will not
see How blind, indeed, and obdurate, too, must be
those editors who trying to convince the public
that reciprocity and free trade synonymous terms
Even more than these words dIGep In Specification
do the practical operations Of te two policies implied
and expressed by them differ In their results.
What are the definitions Of the word and phrase
reciprocity and free trade According to the highest
accepted authority reciprocity Is defined as "recpo-
cal advantages, obligations rights On the other
hand free trade in a literal trade CON-
mercia intercourse free from artificial interference or
resriotOns But what IS the practical import OF these
terms1 Tho practical and actual meaning OF reel
pcocy the expression Of active principle of poit
| cal economy is treaty between two countries con-
ferrng equal special privileges regards customs
or charges on imports and in other respects In con-
adistncon to this the practical intent and meaning
OF free trade is the enactment by State Nation OF
law through the operation Of which the State or Nation
enactlng the agrees to receive the commodities
,of other nations countries without restriction OF the
| imposition of any import duty charge, and also
without any agreement on the part Of other countries
to receive in like the commodities OF the nation
or country adopting the policy OF free trade In a
word and to present this subject in light so luminous
| that even Mugwump cannot misapprehend It's logical
conclusion and dare not msnterpret or misconstrue
the statement a treaty Of reciprocity simply and I'M
equvOcay that the Nations or countries enter
ing into such treaty solemny agree that the inter-
change of all commodities between those countries
shall be on equivalent terms Whereas, the plain and
simple operation and result Of free trade is the receiv-
ing by one county Of the commodities Of other countries
free from restriction the imposition Of any import
duty o. charge and without reciprocal advantages oD-
legations or rights Reciprocity says We Will barter Tor
the productions and commodities OF other countries
Free trade says We will buy the products Of the shops,
mills and factories of other countries and Will pay for
them in gold or In the products Of the sol' and right
here wish to observe that payment OF this kind al
ways tends to the mpoverishment of the State and OF
soil In time Of peace the most dependent lent peopl f
ana ana notnn o which relies pon the product of the soil
/ and the gold mine. The strongest nation ana the
and ppeople Which has the most diversified industries
| The South weak because she DeneVed COTTON wa
ding The North was strong because she 6new I,
| Of her pe0ple-agricnltDre. commerce. manufactures
The great banker Rohschd fully understood this and
wisely and confidently predicted the result OF the late
war. - -, ,.
OF free trade and reciprocity now proceed 70 say In
general terms that It must be manifest TO every clear
minded and thoughtful man that it Is possible under
the adoption by this country OF the policy Of free trade
to Increase our importations 5000 900 year with
out increasing exports, save OF god ana gram 10
| fine extent OF one dollar. Look at the desperate al
tempt OF the foreign manufacturer to sell his wares n
this country even in the face of her protective tariff
TO hold his trade he Is willing to pay the duty ont Of
| his own pocket On the other hand | assert that
under the Mckinley Tariff bill and reciprocal treaties
with other countries with BRAZIL 1t IS clearly within
the range, not only of possibility but OF probability to
Increase exports Of manufactured goods TO TIE eA
tent of 1900 900 per year without increasing our
| importatlons 10 any considerable extent.
| with a tariff to stimulate. foster and protect orr
manufacturing industries and reciprocity treaties to
open up markets hitherto closed to our manufactures
our future exports are absolutely certain TO show
very large increase those Of former years Every
Intelligent and observing regardless OF party
| Affiliations Is now ready to admit the wisdom and ad
vantage OF reciprocity suggested and initiated By
James e.. Blaine, but tho great Democratc parT has
yet 10 learn that the measure Wncn III denolnccs
without stint and oft without reason-the Mckinney
| Tariff hill Il the cornerstone or which reciprocity
rests without a protective tariff there could be no
snch thing as treaty Of reciprocity: That is the key
yhIch is TO unlock the doors which have been shut
| against our merchants and manufacturers.
For the sake Of reciprocity which will surely stimu-
late our manufacturing industries augment our inter
| national trnde and revive our shipping hail with
| great Joy the grand which has made rec
| Drocty possible-the Mckinley Tariff bill.
| J. NJ E. CAROTHERS.
| Brooklyn. May Ia, 1891.