New-York tribune., 1891-12-26
THE CONDITION OF BRAZIL.
CAUSES THAT RENDERED NECESSARY SOME
CHANGES THAT SEEM ARBITRARY.
Not STARTLED BY THE PREDIC ICuoN Oh
MoNARcHIcAL REsToRATIoN-THE Ex-
AMPLE OF FRANcE-ANMcIPATED


AMPLE OF FRAYcE-ANucIPATED
CHANGES IN CONGRESS.
TO the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: As The Tribune says Florians Peixoto has
taken the proper since he succeeded Fonseca
by promptly convoking the Brazilian Congress on
pecember Is This body as soon as il is convened,
will try finish mp the work interrupted by Deodoros
acton glad to see ozario in the Gubernatorial
chair Of Rio Grande do sui, because it was he and
Arsig Brazil who were the first to resist Deodoros
step In dissolving Congress. He bears one Of the
dearest names TO Brazil that OF his uncle the Brazilian
Grant. The Governors of sergype, Alagoas and Bahia
have been deposed and by the cablegrams that see
in The Tribune. it is certain that Governor Pontea of
the state Of Rio de Janeiro will have TO pay his full
share
| can see how these steps taken by the people of
the different States OF Brazil In disposing OF their
Governors. apparently elected will have bad effect
on the minds of the people in this country There
must be some better way Of dsposng of our Governors
without resortng TO such radical steps, breaking
the moral strength of holding important Offices;
but II only realized that such proceedings took
place several years ago, even in the most important
Republic Of this continent should say in the world,
] can see for fearing dsntegraton in Brazil
The same troubles arising now in that country took
place when Dom Pedro and Dom Pedro 1.-THE
Just dead-took the reins of Government Rio Grande
itself fought twelve years before IT TO peaceful
settlement
The state Just now at the boiling point is OF
the most quiet and conservative States of Brazil that
Of Rio de Janeiro, bearing the name the
Federal capital of the Republic, having for its capital
the little city OF Niteray, which lies right opposite the
City OF Rio de JanerO the communication between the
two cities being by ferryboats The Provisional
Government is at Parahyba do sui, city about 800
miles from the seat of Government. Governor Cham
berain alias Pontea is only in possession OF Ntheray
the whole state being in the hands OF the insurgents.
lie will have to resign his Office because he not
elected by the people. His opponent, Pauline de
souIa, u strong in the state, who was first
monarchist allied himself with the historical Repub.
Hcans and defeated Pontella by large majority.
But Pontelas idea of holding Office so strong in
spite OF his not being elected at all, that he the
provisional Governor, managed things I'm such way
that he counted in and Pauline counted out.
lie is what we call q sham Governor, with no prin-
Cples. Money OF the State Is squandered in the most
shameful manner. The Flllninenses, the inhabi-
tants Of the State Of Rio called always had the
best Government in Brazil due 10 the patriotism and
character OF the influential OF that State, and
! am only surprised that he not driven out the
very day Florano received the reins OF the admin
ktration.
As l said before, these troubles are local and will
have end after the better class of people get full
control Of the administration in thor respective states.
People anxious for peace and good government.
In my opinion, Peixoto will come out clear in the end
Leoause the conservative masses of the people begin
20 and out that PeiXOtos only aim is TO peace
and confidence in the country and abroad.
the first to acknowledge that there is in Con
gross quite ordinary element to be wiped out in the
first election; but dare say that, the whole,
Congress showed more wisdom than the public ex-
pected. bearing in mind its origin some radical laws
enacted Congress that produced great disgust
throughout the whole country, but 1t must be said also
that Eopur ad tn i've thn af he
countries by getting rid OF inGationists like Ruy Bar
bora and Mayrink, who did much damage to the
country by nOOding It with paper money. Coascrva-
tive and stanch papers like the "jOrDal do Com
mercio" and "JorDal do I;Fazl' are supporting
Floriano. Teegraphs and cables free to-day 10
the public as in previous times. Our great point to
day Is TO maintain the right and independence of those
who claim to be our representatives. If better and more
qualified mon were not elected at that time it is time
for them to prepare for the next political contest be
cause chances are now open 10 all
Prom "The London Times" l learn that silveira
Martins is trying TO create monaIchca party in Rio
Grande do SUI in which State he is. doubt, very
influential MAI. l know mm personally. and I can
say that ne is one of the most cultivated men of Brazil
lie has friends, he is a great orator for the
masses aud IN many respects he reminds me of one
Of the m1st disp gushed statesmen Of this country
the gallant hoscOe Conklng. lie eAiled 10 Europe
because he was great man. and because the Emperor
on the day Of the outbreak. that he cannot
be friendly 10 the men who made the revolution be
cause he was not asked whether he was in favor
not OF the state Of things. But as revolutions
ore inst Ike saturn in devouring their land
Deodoro is q fitting example today do not believe
tia, slvera Martins will think of taking the respon
siblity of bringing Braganza man and OF crowning
him Emperor Of Brazil. And whyl Because we had
an Emperor like Dom Pedro, who was Brazilian
himself brought UP in democratic ways VINO
treated Brazans, not his subjects. but as his own
children guiding them every step, never prosecuting
ANYBODY for his radical and political ideas Is tint
a reason that we must go back on our own steps
And who can assure that the new king or emperor
that The Tines wants us TO accept very badly wall
be as good and popular as Dom Pedro was with his
countrymenl
This king or emperor may come, but his ascent to
the throne will not come easy as his deposition
II is a very difficult matter TO replant monarchy after
it is swept away. History furnishes us examples
and precedents. Louis XVI. good but weak man,
through the errors Of his ancestors guilloned and
90 was his beautiful and proud wife, Marie Antonete
And since that France has been having her strug
gle for Republican Institutions always gaining
ground in the hearts Of the French people and
think the time has come when Republic will be the
permanent form of government Of mat country; -
Cannot the same law Of evolution be applied 70
Brazil II the Republic was 10 come 10 Brazil soon
or late, let u come The great task Il " pss, the
RubeOn, which seems TO be accomplished After u
people sIo how S to know and preserve their g6s who
knows but we BTazans may be able In time TO present
ourselves to the world OF the most powerful ma
lions OF the American Continent, ruling for peace ana
progress ia the southern hemisphere like the United
States in the northern hemisphere! would let
The London Times" shed its tears upon the ruins
Of the Empire, paying no attention 10 its lamema-
tons Our reciprocity treaty with this country Is
the Times'sS cheval &c batae.
A little piece Of modern and contemporary history
There was once in London city paper that by
it, eixmous prestige and influence, not only In
England but IA the whole civilized world, held the
power Of changing home policy ana that OF gTeait i
article in the editorial columns Of that paper wouG
create political crisis or a financial crisis. Aad
every human being especially In this country,
liam cau liSh