Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1891-01-23
AGRICULTURAL.
DAIRYMFN
Lnst Weeks Annual u..,,,y os,..
~octHtiou nj ~ AIb,,.

""' 'heIe WAS an unusually good eNhil
tlon OF dairy products and Of dairy al
Ia'm machinery The meeting was ma
notable 10y the presence Of ex GOV. W
Hoard Ut Wisconsin, the farmers candida
Tor governor in that state. who was =,
umphantly elected two years ago. Al ii
session ON Wednesday morning Gov Hoa,
contributed his part TO the discussion a
lhe care and application Of manure. Til
conditions in Vermont and Wisconsin. h
saul are practically the same. There
more difference in men than in soil n
urged the necessity Of saving more chr,
inlly all the manure products Of the farm
ana said there had been a great improve
uleut IN TINS respect in Wisconsin sine
carrying became more general there Ii
the evening Gov Hoard spoke to an audi
ence OF 1000 people on THE dairy tempera
ment in cows He illustrated his subiec
with large drawings of the leading breeds
TIE Holstein. Jersey, Guernsey. and Here
d-presenting clearly the different point,
OF excellence in each He advocated a
close study Of the principles of breeding as
an essential feature in building up vaus-
ole hutter-producing herds He emphasized
the Importance Of humane treatment of
cows saying that only by tender and con
siderate treatment could the best results he
obtained.
The address made by ex Gov. John Greg
DRY smith, president of the Central Yer
mont railroad company, on Thursday after
noon, opening a discussion on ensilsge. was
listened to with close attention and was
one of the most interesting of the vbola
series. We quote in full the report of the
Burlington Free Press:
Gov. Smith said he was not a nrac,ioaI
farmer but he had had some experience in
farming and he would give something Of
those experiences. 1t is an old saving that
ne who can make two blades of grass grovy
where only one has grown before is a NH
lie benefactor This can be modified in
several ways. Gov. Smith said he was
among the pioneers in the matter of ensilaga |
III TINS state 1t wasin 1878 that he decided |
20 Try the experiment He fed 43 cows
from November 20 to Nav 20 on ensilaos
grown on II acres of land with no otber
Iced except grain. Butter made from the
mix OF these cows was the color of .Inne
butter. Deciding to try his experiment ON
larger scale he built six silos, lining he
tween the boards with coal tar. The re-
S"itS were correspondingly good and more
COWS could he kept than if hav was fed
supp psing that all food was raised ON the
,arh. The manure from cows fed on ensi
lagt rad more fertilzing power. The mes
''ou ior a ermont farmer is, can YOU afford
70 ~ without a sllo' Ensilage cost him
So? per ton, which was much more eco
hofnlcal than hay at $40 per ton Gov
smith ]
made from milk given by cows fed on ansi
l4Se brought higher price than any other t
ne oeiieVed that corn meal was better than 5
any other KIND, but it was a question how =
aI cows could safely be crowded by feed
hg them corn meal. There is an oil in i,
Urn winch imparts an aroma to butter o
'"rtn Two or three cents a pound This
roma disappears when butter is carried a
eng distance, and right here Vermont farm ii
rs nave an advantage in being ne,,r Az, p.
, 81, ,'a'A'' c}sffa6es and Spain the deep
SHOWS have driven the wolves into the vi
cinty of towns and cities, CAUSING" = 'ne
among the inha I,'--.,.- IKE New YORK ana I
49, !
AT the conclusion Of his instructive aud
talk on ensilage Gov. Smith took !
occasion to say a few words on the relations
hetv cen the farmer and the railroad. The
farmer as rule sells his butter to the md
die nan and puts the money into his pocket ,
going home apparently satisfied. II he does
not 50 sell it he sends by express and has no
dealing with the railroad The railroad
carries the butter for five mills a pound,
doing trucking and handling at both ends
of the route and making the loss good IN
case of anv accident to the butter while III
process of shipment The middeman gets
from two to five cents pound for standing
around and looking on while the railroad
employees do the work. The speaker had
seen this done. In case of any reduction
such as had often times been made, the
middleman alone got the benefit OF the re-
ducti1n Gov Smith proved his statement
in this way: A rival railroad reduced the
rate for hauling a car of hay between st
Johns aud Boston from $50 to $50. The
reduction was met by the Central Vermont
company and the speaker took occasion to
find out who got the benefit of the reduc-
tion and found that every cent of it went
to the middleman A reduction from so
to 500 in the rate charged for hauling car
of butter to Boston went the same way
The disposition to foster the idea that
the farmer and the railroad are and must
be antagonistc in their interests Is as
wrong as it would he to try to separate hus-
band and wife. Neither can exist without
the other. Inc FARMER cduuOl ullVh up NuS
old mare ard carry his butter to Boston,
while on the other hand the railroad is in a
large degree dependent on the farmers co
operation The officials of the road will
gla Nv h. EAR any complaint that any farmer
nav have To offer.
"Gov. Smith was heartily applauded at
the conclusion of his remarks. What he
had to say concerning the relations be-
tween the farmer and the railroad was an
eye-opener for many a butter-maker pres
ent who has been led to believe, in many
cases by the middlemen themselves, that
the railroads we're getting rich at the ex-
pense of the farmer
The address By DR.. c. H. Sholes of Dunn
merston. on tuberculosis in cattle" was
one of the spirited and entertaining things
of the meeting. Warned by the lateness of
the hour when his turn arrived, DR.. Sholes
cast aside the manuscript which he had pre-
pared on the theoretical part of his subject
and spoke off-hand for 40 minutes ON its .
direct practical features uttering warn
ing voice on one of the gravest dangers |
which confronts not only the dairymen but |
every user of dairy products and every one !
who eats the beef sent to the Boston mar
kets. We quote again from the report in |
the Free Press
Or. Sholes claimed that while the govern
ment had taken steps to close the back door
bv appointing an inspector at st. Adams 5,
there was danger at the front door on the |
southern border of the state. The disease
il difficult to detect; it creeps along slow ly !
il is surely transmitted from one generation
to another it exists in many gilt edged
dairy in this state be on your guard don't
buy cattle of strangers Pennsylvania and
Ohio are hot beds of tuberculosis. The
SPEAKER would rather have the opinion Of a
farmer who lived with his cattle every day
as to whether they were diseased or not
than that of any expert who might look at
a herd for Is minutes. Milk from sus-
pected COW should be sterilized by boiling,
il the animal has only a lesion OF the lungs
and in good condition otherwise the meat
will be good enough to eat. These are some
Of the symptoms of tuberculosis IN cattle
a short dry cough after physical action
lowering the general temperature; pale
condition of the mucous membrane wherever
exposed and also Of the hide rough staring
dishevelled coat irregularity OF the bow
els, from constipation to relaxation moan
ing small nolules on the trachea and
difficulty of breathing swelling OF the
Joints; watery aud sunken appearance OF
the eyes These are the first premonitory
symptoms, followed by general cachectic
condition of the animal '
The main feature of the evening session,
which closed the proceedings, was an ad-
dress by j. r. Dodge from the agricultural
department at Washington, who gave many
L..