davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25
NEW STARS FOR THE STRIPES
CHANGES IN THE AMERICAN ENSIGN
HOW NEW STATES HAVE ADDED TO ITS GLORY
OTHER FLAGS.

HOW NEW STATES HAVE ADDED TO ITS GLORY
OTHER FLAGS
.On the admission of a State to the Union one
star shall be added to the union Of the flag and such
addition shall take effect the fourth day of July
then next succeeding such admission This Is
section the Revised Statutes Of the United states or
a part of the Act of Congress, approved April A.
1878: therefore. July 4 next, all flags now dong
duty a. ensgns and union Jacks the Capitol Build
ing the Presidents mansion the other public build
ngs in Washington. all public buildings owned by the
Government in cities and towns in the Unted States
On board the ships of the United states Navy at navy
wards and stations, forts and other military posts
will he called in and new having f0rty-1our stars
on the blue union in the upper hand corner Of the
nag will take their places
A year ago to-day the American ensign had only
thirty eight stars in its blue field but new flags had
been ordered made and ready to be hosted on he io
lowing Fourth of July with fOrty-two stars 10 rep
resent the additional new States OF the North ana
South DakOtas, Montana and Washington lhese
fory-two stars ranged in six rows OF seven starr
each and this made the flag look symmetrical and we'll
balanced But. July 3, the act admitting ldAho
as a new State passed by Congress- ana Dec
rate Dubois of that Territory. called upon President
Harrison and requested him TO approve the act Oh '
mission on the morning of July 4. But the President
Thought il much better that the act be signed on july
in order that Idahos might at once upon the
Gar under the provisions of the statute above quOtV
and this suggestion at once accepted. 1t was
acr,ood between the War and Navy Departments that
Idaho's star should be put on the top row; that -
that the top row should contain eight stars ana ufV
other five rows seven stars each. This changed INC
symmetry the regularity Of construction OF the work.
but soon after July Wyoming was admitted 10 inc
Union thus making forty-fOur states. ana the auu'
tional star has been put into the lower row I'M,
preserves the equpOse of the union of the nag as wen
AZ If the STATES and should NewMeXicO and Arizona
be added as seems probable in very short tiie 'c
symmetry Of arrangement of the stars Will not DC us
turbed since one star will be added to the second 70"
and the other to the fifth row.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25

CONFEDERATE CONGRESS BATTLE FLAG.
tn, Nag Of white. the ST. Andrews cross BENG
OF due, upon which were thirteen stars. SeVcIa "a
inc southern state, had their distinctive iaE' anu
th',e 0 south Carolina had all 81 them the ctescCut
a. Proposed n of the projected designs lor INC
Wh0l" tOufod"racy. ,
FOR the want Of a statutory law 10 prohiOlt tlc
dissertation Of the National cn>gn trades ana DINERS
nave used IT for advertising purposes of every haluIc
Unt 10 prevent this practice Of bdrDdrlsm tohSlc''
propose, 10 enact the following bill
That person or p rsons VINO shall the National
nag either by printing painting afXing said flag or
Otherwise attaching t. the advertisement ior
Pbic display private gain. shall be guilty Of INSIDE
manoF and conviction thereof In the District Court Of
the lntcd states shall be fined in not exceeding
S'' or npii-oned less than thirty days or boh at
the discretion Of the court.
The House judiciary Committee in their report
upon thi, bill said:
Ia" lag Of our country Is tue symbol OF our Ma
uolai existence, power and sovereignty. Ii Is me
emblem Of freedom and equality, and representative
pi ihe glory NJ the American name II l. reminder
OF American i0ltitudc. courage ana efOsm, ana ~ inc
suffering AID sacrifice Oh land and sea which nave
been endured 70 il, prc-cryaion and for the pre,er
walton Of the country il represents. II Is the shield
ana pDt ton the citizen at home ana abroad, ana
-lpuH Dee houorci and rcvcrcBced By every Anct Cdh
who Is q lover ~ his country. IT should be held
thing sacred. and to dcfacc disfgrc or prostitute II
To- ~ purpose. 81 advertising should be hcd To be
Grim" against the Nation. and be punished a, SUCH"
Tire House passed the bill on september 20, and II
Is L1" -cUlc tic -cuatc.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25
FIRST UNITED STATES FLAG.

The new constellation or arrangement OF the stars
was to be in circle. TO symbolic unity ana the
perpctuation of that union thus represented by tie
Hag. The thirteen stripes were to represent the tIr
teen States The coors. red. white and blue, were
also chosen a. emblematcal-the red to denote dc"-
ance and daring the white purity Of purpose. AMI the
blue TO represent eternal vigilance. perseverance IN
the right and justice to all who should ackno"lede"
feay to the flag 1T under the personal direction
of General Washington and committee from Con
crcss that the first nited states flag was M dclrd
They visited little upholstery shop in Arch st. near
Second-,t. kept by Mrs. EctSy Ross a relative oi
Colonel George Ross member Of The Contiacnia'
Congress. and asked her If she could make nag
according to the design presented. she agreed To do
So bat suggested thai five pointed star would Dc
more symmetrical than the ,A pointed star a. pro
posed and to illustrate her idea she folded sheet of
paper and with cut produced pattern OF the
ivc-p3intcd star. which at once approved Tile
fac was made and ready to hoist on the next day It
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25
NATIONAL GUARD AFFAIRS.
CLASSIFYING THE COMPANIES.
STRENGTH OF THE STATE TRoops-ENTERrAINi

MENTs
The yearly report Of Inspector-General Thomas II.
Barber to the Adutant-General has been put in
type and it will be lively and interesting reading
for the members Of the National Guard. The pars
which will perhaps interest them more than any
other Is contained on Page No. Of the report These
are the recommendations referred to:
respectfully recommend that in addition TO the pesens
term OF five years OF enlistment DE aoweo'
two years for the and three for the second
depo should be required from the recruit In case OF
the shorter term TO expense the State OF HIS
uniform said sum forfeited in OF failure 10 rec
enlist for the second three years in cae OF
failure perform certain fixed percentage Of duty fof hs
first two years Of reenlstmeht and the requires
Performance duty money be refunded at the expri'
ton Of five years. Many conscientious men are unwins
IN assume the unknown responsibilities Of military duty ior
Ave years who would enlist for shorter period and hhdins
the work and Instructive, woud commune III "'
service HOPE II promotion the proper ambition Of every
soldier U develops interest, stmuats energy and eacs 70
,,rogrsss. Every vigorous and intelligent young man
who enters military service looks for ad'aneement !es
many captains aud ieutenants leave e o.'
forces after years Of faithful work without obtaining the
just reward. -, 49,,
therefore respectfully recommend that all general sna
field officers be retired after fifteen 40 years service AL
captains after d0) years service ana oil heu'ehans
after a. years service the lng'h OF service y" W
counted only the grade.
also respectfully recommend that such oDcers be place
ON nonactye list, long they report yearly TO tfs
Adiutlnt1iencral they be eligible 10 reelection
I'm any command they have remained out oI the sef'
Vice for two years. This list to be composed only oi OILS
, ~, tho line said officers regarded qualified Tor
tai appointment All stan officers whose iuhc'
t,ons cease TO b. mustered out Immediately.
respectfully recommend hl in addition TO Lie election
NJ gn,nta CO.. .any officers by the company, they should
ba,. tNotha, favorable Oh the board VI officers ~
the regiment before being eligible for examination Ina
ld eie additional security the selection Of good
officers
inst % show what a revolution the recommendation
,voud make If put into effect, the following lis has
be.n made in the officers Of the First Brigade whom 10
would affect: , ,,., -
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25

Colorado, July /. 1876: North and south Dakoi''''
November ., 1eo9; Washington aud Montana, fcg
ruary l., lcOO; Idaho, july 3. 1880; Wyoming JUN
TO- 1880.
About tn year Isis proposition was maze 70
have National standard. or President, nag. - nc
hOi,cd the hall, Of Congress at the navy NaTus
and arsenaI9 AID other puuiic places visit ~ lnc
President. AlthOu1. the dr-isn had upon IL an INC
fCaura- repre-, ming IN" Nation IL not atlpl
The idea of such . flag rIcc ed. upon me ".l
that il pcrtalnad too much to the customs of mon
archicai nations. \ Presidents flag hI~. however
since been adopted to signify his Omcia ,-ence on
impONan. and Ger mUilal Occa-ion,. This nag i OF
blue, with The Unit q states cOat-oi arm, Upla H.
A. said above. the first National ensign haic
for the Army ,iN feet sin inches long. me "Iu,"
being tWothird- that Of In, length. The oihcial GU
,i.n~ of TO-DAY II five sizes, the llOv1nc being M
dimensions i'm feet together with the size Of the due
lied or union Of each;
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25
FEARLESS OF CRITICISM.
DIR. BRIGGS RECEIVES 1T FREELY AND AS
FREELY GIVES IT.
WILL THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY DIsAPPRovE
HIS NEW APPOINTMENT AS PROFEssoRIN
THE UNION THEOLOGICAL sEMINARYf
A SKETCH OF HIS LIFE.

HIS NEW APPOINTMENT AS PROFESSOR IN
THE UNION THEOLOGICAL sEMINARYf
A SKETCH OF HIS LIFE.
There are errors in the Scripture which no one
has been able to explain way, and the theory that
there arc none I'm the original text Is sheer assumption
upon which 10 mind can rest with certainty. The
Bible itself nowhere makes this claim. The creeds
of the Church nowhere make it. 1t is a ghost of
modern evangecalism to frighten children. 1t IS I'M
WISE and believe it IS unchristan, to force men to
accept the divine authority of the Bible or reject II
on the question OF its inerrancy in these circum-
stantias."
These we're the words spoken with great distinct
ness and bearing the evidence of careful preparation
by the Rev. Dr. Charles \. Briggs, in his inaugural
address at the Union Theological seminary last Tues
DR. william q. r. sfedd, for many years nit
colleague I'm the seminary, who In a recently pub
llshed volume. DOgmatic Theology" makes this as
scrton The original autograph volume OF IN
spiration was free from error" The man OF ordinary
learning may choose which doctor he VIII follow
for either to accuse the other Of d0gmatism seems
somewhat singular to the ordinary man. Dr. Briggs
has the courage of his convictions, and as BShOp
Potter in his letter to the president OF the Board
Of Directors said he has certain amiabe iniirmtes
which endear him to those who familiar with him.
Charles Butler who has done perhaps more than
any other man now living for Union seminary, having
been one of its founders, and for fifty years and more
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25
HEARD AMONG CLUBNEN.
WHAT MEMBERS or WE'LL KNOWN ORGANI
ZtTION- ARE INTERESTED IN

]
cub in every hing but the name and about which
little is known despite TIE fact that half hundred.
more or less. Of the fuur Hundred aye members Of a.
THIS cGb. I'm fact, If not in name. i, known as the
New York Farmers. 1t was organized several years
ago by the o"nrI- Of several famous fancy farms
and now hts nearly fur score members IL Is Il dih-
Ing club like yasou, other organization, Of the KIND
which have DO morn USit To the title 81 cUD IMAM
h'-. or have, the N"wlo'" Farmers. In all prob
alily HE Ne" - rk Farmers "'dd nave ''H'"
unto themselves ~" i' o. 'uh hnt i'r '' l''t ''"'
q '''eie oi earnest deii'uilI"I' WHO ml' III '"or'
'"'n H'' a'''"'> "pr''P''''' ''' "''' "a Wv
r"fA Farmers ''"D N"en ms ''"'' i'''.,.., So
'-'''' ''' ~. -'".''' INV WIN" W , L
Farmers are !'iN a''H-' ~ " run i'"' u 'n'" a.
,,. ,,,.. .,., l,i,.. an .picuou. in social
a.. 'J.. anal o.. ~,
, ..,r asa, .,., ,.loi,,.l 81. fb. dinners, the feast,
~ .,,,,,,I ,,.' ,,rt,l, If tl. nature Of private
,, ,.i ,. g. i,,,,. , ,ld,,.. an some
c,, .,i.t.,t I'm which thc New Yorl, Farmer, are
- ,, IN lao d..pt, in,,r..i ted, such a., for Instance.
.rr,. ,o,,,,.o, 81 stony SOL The Best Method
, ,,..,,,i,. I-,,d,,t, 49,. ,,r,und 90 etc, etc \, a
.,,. ,, ,,,,,.... ara. ,,au, half in Latin and half
49, i,,.i.t anal ar. listened 70 with profound attention
." ..',, .,ti,, .ncr ,hru there +, some
.i,.,,.,-.t or otier to,,i.-- I'm 900 ease,
. 49,, ono ,, ,,tl,., than agricultural topics, some
~ ihc farmer, I'D vhp pirifip 10 these agriculture"
feast, such vcil hno"n ul'r' 81 ti >"I ~ '"'""
'cy VI. D"Ir"' J'-'Ih H. '"'i'' VIM" ~ i'''
Th,oior' \. ila'cmr'c'. I'hh jay '""''' i',"','
N"''i' I''"h' i''''''.." ''''' '
''''P-.' ,,.,i,,f,,., -,,,,,,,,pt william,
~ ......, Will, I.r,.. \ uurden
n '".''' ~ , y, D.r..,,. and rr,.ci.
- ,.. r, >.. \.,l r.rn,nr. i,,e mo- written
'',.,' - .,... ,.,. and il ,- -, sort OF 20 a, you
t. -. ,u,.. 10, lint There i, an
49, '7' ,,.. ,,i,,i, ,,.,,t .,,llv ra
"""''''' "'' .'''"- ,,., i.i ,.,d
s'r''' mo''''' up ~ "''' ~ .,..' ,,I, Az,
ing IL "'' 'i'-'"''f -'PI ,, | ,.st Ian
NOT own a hi'" ""''" f''' - q,
to tht NJ" 'I" 4''''..'' '"' - '''
seem, 10 ice onif necessary l'"' d" "''' "',o
candidate should be- worm '"e fI'''"' "''"'"' '''
farm. Anyway, c'ru m'h lu the o'-'"'@"""'' ~
SAFE TO say. Is wo.th -l."'"".
Al fine animal r,,.,,u- Of me Republican club Of the
,.. , - X.t lt .ln.dnv night Mortimer &.
49, - t.. ,.,,i,l,p- Committee Of the
,, .,t I.yI.v.iu. the committee,
,,Yt, ...,tt attention. Mr..
WIN "'' ., eliza. ,..,,,.it,,c had t,,pcctcl
N''''' "''''''' ~, .,,.,, ~ III, dofuit, d.,
"a HHi'D'r I'll s'.'' ""' ~ ,. n,,,..,..r ti..i,
'''.'n' TWO "'' ''" ,..r,i,,,l,r,, ,.Ii,.olc
attention ma p''" 49,. , -, .i, ,l.,. member,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25

to Go the cutting properly an intimate knowledge OF
material used is necessary. upon TINS depends
not only the correct hang of the flag and the swing
will have whom carried By the breeze but the wearing
quality of the flag will be in large measure curtlled
if it is not properly cut
The origin, history and changes OF the National
ensign have many peculiar phases and details of in
tcre,t When the American colonies were under
British rule the flag Of Great Britain was generally
adopted with some special emblem upon it distinctive
If the individual colony to which it belonged. When
the people Of the colonies determined upon throw
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25
AN.APPEAL TO HEAVEN

ing of the British yoke they adopted certain nays
Cor the patrlots to rally UNDER and the designs and
motions unon some of them are stll retained by some
~ the states At the battle of Bunker Hill a flag
with red ground white field with st. Georges
cross. and pine tree figured in the upper left
hand quarter of the cross.
ON the day after the battle it was proclaimed
that the troops in the field had by Congress been
sic,ated as the forces of the United Colonic, Of
Moth America" and General Putnam displayed q
sac with red ground. having on one side the Con-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25

Those names and records taken from the reporo
Of the Acknowledgement for 1890 Since that repofe
was issued some changes may have taken place. SO
that one or two of the officers mentioned. may be in
another Grade by this time 1t Is evident that theio
will be considerable opposition to the recommendation
Il General Barber II an attempt shOuiu DC D"ue w
carry IL into effect.
General Darlcr', method Of Classifying the diferene
c,mp,niss composing each regiment is rather vague TO
say the least. He has three standards oil merit
namely Up to the standard yearly mp 10 INC
Standard and Below the s'anadrd' IL Is 70 DC TO
,rrtted that he could not have found some way or
telling more explicitly what his opinion was OF the
,j,,.rcp, companes II company is nearly up to tho
s,o,dord Il T., obviously below the standard, so 10
win be hard 10 tell Just what the Inspector-Gencral
means by the last two classltcatlons ms Is Whas
na s,rs about the regiments composing the First
Brigade:
Eontn T.. cimcnt-Thee companies up to the standardi
,o emn,nls nearly up to the standard; two companies
Glow the standard ,,, ,
companies noary up to the standard hVe companies o0"
the standard . a.. ,..s.~,.
rw,ifth Reginent-Two companies up to tho standard;
six companies nearly up to the standard TWO companies
below the s.andlrd - . A..
ywonty.secoad isegment-seven companies up to the
standard; companies Nearly UP !" VIZ s'''N' S
company below the standard , , 49, D., ,s.
slxty.nlnth Reein,ent-Three conpahies he'rp W '
standard. seven companies Deo" inc s'snu''N' . 49,.
seventy first Reglment-Ihree companies W 70 u"
Two companies nearly up TO the standard iouf
'oanIes bslow tho standard First Battery oeow inc
standard second Battery, up 70 te s.Nnus'u i''op
below the standard First BEisaa' sisnai corp" W
70 the standard 100000, cara =, m. s,.,e is
Inc ~ the following figures In comparison with
those OF loeo; - 3o5
'''-''-'''''''
corps $500 "
-'''
,ereSate strength In 1889 '''i'oo'
The members Of Company q, 9TH Regiment held an
informal dance IN the armOy on wednesday evening"
tbont 100 couple, were present The affair, which
was the first OF the kind arranged by the entertain
ment rOmmitt.e, was an enjoyable success, Another
entertainment of a similar nature Will be held at an
early date The committee having the entertainment
in charge were Quartermast sergeant William VI:
ballard chairman Corpolals John Laimbeer IT.; ana
IA n Emery Privates +. NJ orion, L. j. O'Dono-
hue A. e. Todd and John NJ. Moe.
The old chips OF the seventh company Will hoiu
their third annual dinner at the Arena, IN West Ihrv
tlrst-st., on January 81.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25
UNION FLAG OF 1875.

UNION FLAG OF 1915
pecticut motto, "Qui Transtunt sustinet" NC VINO
brought Us over will sustain ISL ana OH '"o o''s'
side over a pine tree the words: An Appear 10
II.av.ns This motto was chosen by the people oil
Massachusetts Bay. and was adopted as the mono
for the signal flag for the American cruisers. Inc
unfurling Of this flag was attended WIN nUe,"'
ceremonies. PRAYERS and a general salute OF artefS'
on January 9 l77G, at Cambridge MaSS'' "Ia'n
Washington displayed the original OF tue present 80 rod
Sea- d. nonsistnc Of thirteen stripes (seven OF red
and civ ~ ubite, but with the combined crosses oi
S. Andrew and ST. George representing Scotland anu
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25

This became the first battle flag OF the Confcdcracy
n ID was called the southern Cro->.' II had rcd
ground. with two wide hluc bais running duephalN
rom one corner 70 the other with white strip 81
border on either side of these bar. and these has
were d. played thirteen white star. Nlhough there
were not then thirteen states In The CJnlcdcra,y II
adOpfcd the tliltcen star, for this the nag of the
southern Confcdcacy although the stars and Bars
had the preference I'm recognition.
Iu 1903 The Confederate Congress adopted this nag
a. the one to take the place of the stars and Bars
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1891-01-25

In the same year the Confederate Congress aaop'cu
new batic-iiag, as below:
The News-Herald. [volume] (Hillsboro, Highland Co., Ohio) 1886-1973, 1891-08-27
DEATHS SPRING LOCK


Ainbushed In an Old Chest-Three Chin-
dren Fastened Down and smothered to
Death.
Geo Hamilton and wife, colored, went+o
camp-meeting near Ironton, o., Friday,
and left their three children, aged /, 4
and years, at home by Themselves
Some time while the parents we're gone
the three children, while playing.
climbed into large chest, when
the lid was closed, shutting and lock-
ing in the three children. When the
parents came home ut night
search was made, and the old chest
happened to be noticed, and when
opened the three young and innocent
children were found dead, having been
smothered to death. The parents are
crazed with grief. It is not known how
long the children were locked In tho
chamber of death, but it is probable
that it was several hours.
The News-Herald. [volume] (Hillsboro, Highland Co., Ohio) 1886-1973, 1891-08-27
Shot by Rcbbsrs.

A band of armed negroes entered the
grocery store of Henry Joel, four miles
east of Memphis, Tenn, as he was
about to close Saturday night, and
after robbing him of all the money he
ad-SsO-told him to open the safe, at
the same time holding pistols to his
head. Joel tried to open it, but.
in his excitement could not remember
the combination. The negroes cursed
and threatened him, but the safe
door refused to yield. This enraged tho
robbers, and they shot Joel twice. The,
first shot passed through the left arm.
entered his side and lodged in his back.
Another shot was fired, and the ball en-
tered Joel's left side, making a wound
which the doctors pronounced fatal.
There is no clew to the perpetrators Of
the deed
The News-Herald. [volume] (Hillsboro, Highland Co., Ohio) 1886-1973, 1891-08-27
SELLING CHILDREN
To Keep Themselves From Dying
Of Starvation.
The Unspeakable Turk Takes Advantage
of Russian Parents Misery.

The stories of misery received from
Russia are almost incredible. In Bes-
sarabia parents are actually Offering
their children for sale in order to buy
food, and dealers at Constantinople, hear
Ing of this, have purchased through their
agents in the Russian villages consid-
erable number of female children.
Many deaths have been caused
through famine, and families may
be found actually perishing from
hunger, and budding together in
their misery. The government author
tiles being now aroused, are exerting
themselves with energy, and the distri-
button of relief is going on as rapidly
as possible, When quantity of grain
reached Marinpol, in the province Of
Yekaterlnoslav, on Tuesday last, tho
people were SO weak with want they
were hardly able to come and get their
portions. They gathered near the place
of distribution, presenting a pitifu1
spectacle with their wan faces and
wasted forms. A force of police was
present to preserve order, but, instead,
the police had. in several instances, to
keep the applicants from falling through
SiScI uuliScI anu VI Gu hIcSS NCT Is tIicA
misery confined to the lowest class
Among the applicants at Marinpol were
noblemen and tradesmen. the latter
ruined in business through the loss of
custom on account of the famine. The
peasantry, frcnzied by hunger, have
broken out in insurrection in Kherson,
and mutterings of similar outbreaks are
heard in Kiev and Taurida, the latter
in ordinary years one of the most pros
porous districts of the empire. Troops
have already hastened to the scene.
of trouble at Kherson, and the.
stamping out of the uprising can
be matter of but few days.
The half-starved peasantry, with their
rude weapons, are no match for regular
troops. Besides, they are not disloyal
at heart; they are only maddened by,
their suffcrings. The troops. on the
other hand, gre we'll fed, for the gov,
ernment Las kept its military granaries
replenishcd. whatever might become Of
all else. The armed mob will be scat-'
tered, few peasants will be hanged
by summary court martial, few moro
sent to Siberia, and the rest permitted
to go back to their wretched homes.
All this tends to make Russia less
anxious for war.