Arizona weekly citizen., 1891-01-03
SAN CARLOS. Some Notes From a Resident
 There. QUIET AND PEACEFUL About the Reservation and Work Progressing We'll. What the Indians are Doing--The;r Opinion Of the Messiah--A
 Splendid Showing.

1IS Odu 'jsiAACS, UT W HUG hCunJdlu Indian reservation is perhaps one ef the
 most interesting features of all Arizona.
 There are situated the abiding places of
 thousands of the dreaded Apache family
 gathered from the surrounding districts
 of Arizona.
 Although this great area of land,
 larger than some of the New England
 states, is known of in general sort of
 way as ths breeding place of a large
 number of Apache Indians, who are un- der the care of an agent, and guarded
 by military, little more is known re- garding it.
 Deputy United States Marshal Frank Porter is in the city on business, having lately come from the reservation to bring in some prisoners. He was seen at the Palace hotel by CITIZEN report ar, and him whom the following inform ation was obtained: e
 The Indian agent at the reservation is Captain Bullis, who has been in charge a number of years. Improvements in every respect in regard to the Indians are to be seen now, which have been made since the captain has been in charge. They are quiet-very quiet In fact-and are working better than ever before. Every day finds them at work, and though Lo is regarded as a lazy chap, generally speaking, at San Carlos he does fairly well, more than perhaps he would under other manage ment. The Messiah craze, of which they are fully informed, has little charms for them, and they express no desire for the coming of any betterment of their circumstances through any help natural or supernatural,
 THEIR OCCUPATION
 is farming and stock raising, almost to a man. Though San Carlos is a little world of itself, furnishing almost the total wants of its inhabitants, with fine facilities for nearly any branch of work, the business of agriculture is the only one followed, perhaps for the reas- on that they are not extra enterprising, doing only routine work in a routine manner. They raise large amounts of grain, hay, alfalfa and some vegetables, which they consume or sell This year they raised and sold to Captaln Bullis a million pounds of wheat and a half million pounds each of corn and barley. At present they have 2OOO acres of land under cultivation. Over them are ap- pointed farmers, practical men under the farmers business and those With whom they are to deal. These men are in charge of from 300 to 1000 Indians each, and oversee the working of the farms, keeping ditches clear, blowing, sowing, etc. The Indians work well, each having the products of his own toll, and are allotted an average of five acres fer each family, upon the pro ducts of which they nearly support themselves. The rations issued former ly were almost all that they consumed. but year by year they have been grad ually diminished as the crops became greater until at present they are issued to supply about one third of their needs. By next year the acreage of grain will be so increased that they
 WILL BE WHOLLY SELF SUPPORTING.
 The grain raised is sold as they deem pest, reserVing enough to keep them with the amount the agent will issue, as rations the very wheat hey have sold him.
 There is at present 2OOO acres Of land under cultl- | 7ation, and :his is equivalent to 4OOO lcres as two crops per year are grown. As ! he requirements of the reservation are greater than the present supply Captain | 3ullis has determined to put more land | lnder cultivation and hae made pre- 1arations for clearing 2100 additional lcres, situated 8 miles east of the lgency, on the Gila river, which is now | being prepared. This tract will consist | ,ftwo divisions, one of 1900 acres, the | other of 600, situated opposite on each | iIdc of the Gila. The selection of the | and was made after due deliberation. md will require nine miles of ditch for | ts irrigation. This will give sufficient | acreage to make the Indians self SUD- porting, and probably after the next | 'ear the supply of rations will be entire | y cut off.
 Modern methods are used in the farm | ng, and machinery IS made to do all | hat IS practicable. Moving machines cut | he grain, and two threshers, one work | d by steam, the other by horse power, it for mIll. A grist mill one nile from the agency prepares the flour 'oth from the grain issued and that aised and directly consumed by the indians. A saw mill about slxIy-five niles northeast of the agency, supplies Il lumber, matched, planed, and rough, eeded by the reservation for the var ous building purposes, and it is an inn 'ortant feature. This was built in 1889. nd can cut 8000feet of lumber a day, hough so much is not needed. Ten len, seven of them Indian, swork in and nd about the mill.S
 A new road from the mill te the gency has lately been made, the team az work being done by
 120 YoKEs OF OXEN.
 -hich have been broken in and are now riven by Indians. thus showing the of Senator Manderson's Ian for subduing the Sioux by taking way their ponies and substituting 'orking oxen therefor.
 Several new buildings are now in the purse of erection at the agency; a fine torehouse of stone, to be 30 X 100 feet, guard house, also stone, 40 feet square, nd blacksmith and wagon shop1 l xIS0 'et being the principal ones.